The Polish-German Borderlands: An Annotated Bibliography (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

THE POLISH-GERMAN

BORDERLANDS

Recent Titles in Bibliographies and Indexes in World History World Racism and Related Inhumanities: A Country-by-Country Bibliography Meyer Weinberg, compiler A Selected Bibliography of Modern Historiography Attila Pok, editor The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union: A Selected Bibliography of Sources in English Abraham J. Edelheit and Hershel Edelheit, editors History of Canadian Childhood and Youth: A Bibliography Neil Sutherland, Jean Barman, and Linda Hale, compilers Contemporary Canadian Childhood and Youth: A Bibliography Neil Sutherland, Jean Barman, and Linda Hale, compilers Spanish and Portuguese Jewry: A Classified Bibliography Robert Singerman, compiler Crime in Victorian Britain: An Annotated Bibliography from Nineteenth-Century British Magazines EM. Palmegiano, compiler Joseph Chamberlain: A Bibliography Scott Newton and Dilwyn Porter, compilers Agriculture in Britain and America, 1660-1820: An Annotated Bibliography of the Eighteenth-Century Literature Samuel J. Rogal, compiler Annales Historiography and Theory: A Selective and Annotated Bibliography Jean-Pierre V. M. Herubel, compiler

THE POLISH-GERMAN BORDERLANDS An Annotated Bibliography COMPILED BY

Barbara Dotts Paul

Bibliographies and Indexes in World History, Number 35

GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Paul, Barbara Dotts. The Polish-German borderlands : an annotated bibliography / compiled by Barbara Dotts Paul. p. cm.—(Bibliographies and indexes in world history, ISSN 0742-6852 ; no. 35) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0-313-29162-4 (alk. paper) 1. Western and Northern Territories (Poland)—History— Bibliography. 2. Poland—Foreign relations—Germany—Bibliography. 3. Germany—Foreign relations—Poland—Bibliography. I. Title. II. Series. Z2527.W42P38 1994 [DK4600.0335] 016.327438043—dc20 94-13054 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 1994 by Barbara Dotts Paul All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-13054 ISBN: 0-313-29162-4 ISSN: 0742-6852 First published in 1994 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Printed in the United States of America

<§r The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

CONTENTS

Acknowledgments

vii

Introduction Focus of the Bibliography Names for the Region Uneasy Relations

ix ix x xi

1. Primary Sources Guides to Primary Sources Primary Sources for Materials on the Borderlands Bibliographies Fiction Sources Film Sources

1 1 2 6 10 12

2.

The Borderlands before 1914 Early Histories and Travelers' Accounts Historical Studies on the Pre-1914 Period

12 15 24

3.

World War I Era through 1921 The War and the Versailles Peace Conference Upper Silesian Plebiscite

39 39 50

4.

Interwar Period Danzig, Pomerania, and the Polish Corridor Polish-German Relations and Silesia

55 55 68

Contents

VI

5.

World Warn Period Wartime Publications First Person Accounts Historical Studies

85 85 94 102

6.

Postwar Developments Publications to 1970 Post-1970 Publications and Historical Studies

109 109+ 134

7.

Fiction

143

8.

Films and Other Media Films Other Media

151 151 159

Author Index

161

Title Index

175

Subject Index

195

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

My interest in the borderlands between Germany and Poland developed with my reading about the Germans who were expelled from there after World War II, and with my learning that many Polish ancestors of the residents of the county where I live, Portage County, Wisconsin, originally came from eastern Pomerania in the late nineteenth century. The Poles immigrated to the United States to seek new opportunities and to escape the germanization that was being forced on them by their Prussian rulers. In compiling the bibliography I have had help from the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point and my colleagues at the University Library. A semester's sabbatical leave enabled me to spend full-time gathering materials and a research grant gave me travel funds. I also was able to spend a summer week at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Summer Research Laboratory on Russia and Eastern Europe, with the help of a housing grant. I particularly want to thank the staffs of libraries around the country for the care and nurturing they've given their respective collections. Many of the items IVe cited are only a few pages long and of specialized interest. Nevertheless, the items wait patiently, in order, on library shelves for a patron to come along. Particular thanks goes to the libraries that I visited, including New York Public Library, Milwaukee Public Library, Madison Public Library, and the libraries of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Kansas, University of Minnesota, University of Michigan, University of WisconsinMadison, and University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Thanks also to Jay for typing, indexing, and dog-sitting, Ellen for researching and Taize, Becky for a sympathetic ear and flowers, and Justus for a life-time of support that makes it fun.

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INTRODUCTION

The borderlands between the nations of Germany and Poland have captured the interest of politicians, scholars, and natives for years. In the north they lie between the mouths of two rivers, the Oder and the Vistula. In the south the borderlands lie between two imaginary parallel lines traced to the Czech border. This is the geographic area where Poles and Germans have intermingled for centuries. Rulers, names, and population percentages have changed, but the people continue to live side by side, sometimes in cooperation and sometimes in animosity. The reunification of Germany, the collapse of Poland's communist government, and the realization that the Soviets would no longer militarily defend the Polish border have renewed interest in the borderlands. Poles worry that Germany's acceptance of the Oder-Neisse boundary will cease. Other countries in Europe watch the diplomatic juggling with concern because the region has already triggered one war this century. FOCUS OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY The bibliography brings together English language materials that will be useful for students, teachers, and scholars wishing to examine all aspects of the borderlands. It includes travelers' stories, historical and geographic surveys, government reports, polemic literature of all sorts, personal accounts of daily life, regional fiction, and films. It also includes journal articles from scholarly periodicals, while omitting the numerous short articles that have appeared over the years in popular magazines and newspapers.

X

Polish-German Borderlands

Because of the region's importance to its inhabitants, there is a vast amoimt of topical literature written in German and Polish. Relatively little, however, has been translated into English. Frequently a translation was made only when there was a point to be emphasized or an English-language audience to be reached. In the past, these English language materials have been difficult to find because they were buried in more general bibliographies. Although the bibliography focuses on the geographic area of the borderlands, it is difficult to separate regional aspectsfrommore general relationships between the nations of Germany and Poland. In fact, diplomatic relations between the two countries since World War I have typically involved some aspect of the borderlands. Nevertheless, most general political and diplomatic histories have been excluded in favor of a narrow focus on the geographic area. The German invasion and occupation of Poland during World War II is another facet of the two countries' relations that is discussed in numerous books and articles. While the broader aspects of the war and occupation are important, this bibliography includes items that focus principally on wartime events in eastern Germany and western Poland. Jews lived in the borderlands for centuries. They lived side by side with Germans and Poles and were a vital link in the economic life of the region. Recurrently the Jews found themselves, to their detriment, caught in the middle of the struggles between Poles and Germans. Although their importance to the borderlands is recognized, their contributions lie outside the scope of this bibliography. NAMES FOR THE REGION The Polish-German borderlands have many names. A place will frequently have a Latin, German, Polish, and anglicized name. Generally, to westerners, the provinces are known by their English names of Pomerania, West Prussia, East Brandenburg, Posen, Silesia, and Upper Silesia. Since World War II the border between the two countries is often referred to as the Oder-Neisse Line because the Oder and Western (Lausatian) Neisse Rivers form the boundary. The Poles call these rivers the Odra and Nysa. Prussian Poland was that part of the country taken over by Prussia when the empires of Prussia, Austria, and Russia divided Poland among themselves in the late eighteenth century. When the nation was reconstituted by the Versailles Treaty, the land taken from Germany and given to Poland was known as the Polish Corridor, because it extended north to the Baltic to give Poland a seacoast. During World War II the Third Reich invaded and annexed the Corridor, designating it West Prussia and Warthegau. When again the borderlands changed

Introduction

XI

hands after World War II, the Germans lamented the loss of their eastern homelands. The Poles, on the other hand, rejoiced to gain their recovered territories. Now these are called the western territories. All of these names appear in the bibliographic citations. Generally the terms in the annotations are those used in the item itself. IVe used Polish-German borderlands, German-Polish borderlands, and Oder-Neisse region interchangeably, though some scholars would make a distinction among them. Villages, towns, and cities in the region have both a German and a Polish name. The most wellknown are Danzig/Gdansk, Stettin/Szczecin, Breslau/Wroclaw, Thorn/Torun, Posen/Poznan, and Bromberg/Bydgoszcz. The names in the armotations reflect common usage in the time period covered by the item. UNEASY RELATIONS German and Polish archaeologists search under the land for signs of who lived where when. Anthropologists and historians comb old records and analyze events to determine if Germans or Poles were the first to move into the borderlands, establish towns, plow the fields, begin commercial enterprises, build churches, and dominate the natives. Other scholars point out that the modern concept of nationality didn't exist much before the twentieth century, so people didn't think of themselves as being German or Polish, although they might have agreed they were Silesians, Pomeranians, or Kashubs. Early historians have described important military battles and recorded diplomatic negotiations between regional political leaders. More recently, scholars have examined in detail the social, economic, religious, and cultural interactions among the people in the borderlands. Researchers have also sought the answers to why Poles and Germans have had such difficulty living together. Most writers on the subject are biased. It is very difficult to find discussions of Polish-German relations that are neutral and dispassionate. There is an old Polish saying," Jak swiat swiatem, nie bgdzie Niemiec Polakowi bratem." ("As long as the world exists, the German will never be a brother to the Pole.") Over the centuries many Germans have emphatically agreed with those sentiments. Nevertheless, in the nineteenth and early twentieth century the borderlands had a mixed population that lived as close as brothers, although many cities had a higher percentage of Germans while Poles lived in villages and on agricultural estates. People commonly claimed a nationality for reasons of convenience or economics, rather than because of country loyalty. Poles had German names and Germans had Polish names. There was absolutely no way to draw a boundary without having minorities stranded on the wrong side. Thus, the situation was always ripe for exploitation by nationalistic spokesmen from both Germany and Poland.

xn

Polish-German Borderlands

The history of the twentieth century reveals the ongoing conflicts between Poles and Germans in peace and in war, in the mass media, between diplomats, and on the battlefields. Some historians feel the issue at last has been resolved by the massive flight and expulsion of ethnic Germans from Polish territory which occurred at the end of World War n. The borderlands are more homogeneous now than they ever were earlier. And yet, with the reunification of Germany and the lifting of restrictions on travel, there are people who just recently have decided to claim German ancestry in order to immigrate to a country with more economic opportunities. Some Germans with ancestral roots in the borderlands have returned to Poland to buy old family property and invest in businesses. So the intermingling of Germans and Poles persists into the future, and the borderlands continue to be a region of world interest.

THE POLISH-GERMAN

BORDERLANDS

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Chapter 1

PRIMARY SOURCES English language books on the borderlands between Poland and Germany are tracked down more easily in bibliographies on Poland and eastern Europe than on Germany because of the importance of the area to the Poles. There are often special emphases on the borderlands, Polish-German relations, and German minorities in Poland. Most bibliographers make an effort to also list English language items written from the German point of view. In bibliographies on German subjects the issues of the eastern territories and German-Polish relations are buried within more general categories. In the United States major collections of German and Polish source materials are to be found at the Library of Congress, the Research Libraries of the New York Public Library, the Center for Research Libraries, and the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. Among the universities which have important and sizable research collections are Harvard, Columbia, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Kansas, Washington, Stanford, CaliforniaBerkeley, and California at Los Angeles. The major European collections will be found in guides such as Lewanski's, which is described below. Other guides, as well as additional research sources, will be found in Croucher, described below. GUIDES TO PRIMARY SOURCES 1. Ash, Lee, and William G. Miller. Subject Collections: A Guide to Special Book Collections and Subject Emphases as Reported by University, College, Public and Special Libraries and Museums in the United States

2

Polish-German Borderlands and Canada. 7th ed., rev. and enl. New Providence, N.J.: R.R. Bowker, 1993. 2vols. An excellent source for information about special subject collections on Poland and Germany.

2. Blejwas, Stanislaus, comp. East Central European Studies: A Handbook for Graduate Studies (a Preliminary Edition.) Columbus, Ohio: American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, 1973. 301pp. A collection of essays on various aspects of the historical study of central Europe. Includes information on major collections of east central European materials in the United States and Europe. 3. Croucher, Murlin. Slavic Studies: A Guide to Bibliographies, Encyclopedias and Handbooks.Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1993. 2vols. Intended as a basic tool for research in the humanities and social sciences for Eastern European and Slavic studies. It includes a section on area studies, on Poland, and on general references. The listings are in English, German, French, and Polish. The subjects for Poland include bibliographies, serials, biographies, libraries, archives, dictionaries, histories, politics, military topics, education, culture, and more. 4. Horecky, Paul L. East Central and Southeast Europe: A Handbook of Library and Archival Resources in North America. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-Clio, 1976. 467pp. Gives profiles of the important North American library and archival collections on central and southeastern Europe, with a brief indication of thenspecific subject strengths. 5. Lewanski, Richard C. Eastern Europe and Russia/Soviet Union: A Handbook of West European Archival and Library Resources. Ridgewood, N.J.: Saur, 1980. 317pp. Gives an overview of the important resources on eastern Europe and the Soviet Union in libraries, archives, and other research centers in 22 west European countries. PRIMARY SOURCES FOR MATERIALS ON THE BORDERLANDS 6. American Bibliography of Slavic and East European Studies. Stanford, Calif: American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, 1967An annual publication which groups books and journal articles under broad subjects within geographical areas.

Primary Sources

3

7.

British Museum. Dept. of Printed Books. General Catalog of Printed Books. London: Trustees of the British Museum. Kept up-to-date with supplements. Indexes the books acquired by the British Museum.

8.

British Museum. Dept. of Printed Books. Subject Index of Modern Books Acquired. London: Trustees of the British Museum. Kept up-to-date with supplements. Gives subject access to the books acquired by the British Museum.

9.

Byrnes, Robert F. Bibliography of American Publications on East Central Europe, 1945-1957. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University, 1958. 213pp. Lists books and journal articles published in the United States between 1945 and 1957, arranged in broad subject areas. No additional subject index. Particularly good for Poland.

10. Dwyer, Joseph D. Russia, the Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe: a Survey of Holdings at the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1980. 233pp. The Institution's holdings constitute the strongest research collection on Poland in the United States because of 50 years of systematic acquisition. 11. Foreign Relations of the United States. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1861The basic set for diplomatic, military, and economic documents of the U.S. in its relations with Poland and Germany. Some special volumes have been published, such as Secretary of State Robert Lansing's papers, and the records of the international conferences held during World War II. Cumulated indexes are available for some years. 12. Harvard University. Library. Slavic History and Literatures. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971. 4 vols. Provides access, through the 1960s, to the extensive Slavic collection at Harvard. 13. Historical Abstracts, 1775-1945: Bibliography of the World's Periodical Literature. Santa Barbara, Calif.: International Social Science Institute, 1955Abstracts of journal articles on non-American history, with author and subject indexes. Since 1971 there are two sections: A. Modern history abstracts, 1450-1914; B. Twentieth century abstracts. 14. Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. Library Catalogs of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, Stanford

4

Polish-German Borderlands University: Catalogs of the Western Language Collections. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1969Provides access to the western language holdings of the Hoover Institution's large collection.

15. Horak, Stephan M. Russia, the USSR, and Eastern Europe: A Bibliographic Guide to English Language Publications, 1964-1974. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1978. 488pp. Annotated citations in English, arranged by general topic as well as by specific country, including Poland. Includes books and journal articles from a short list of periodicals in the field of Slavic studies. 16.

. Russia, the USSR, and Eastern Europe: A Bibliographic Guide to English Language Publications, 1975-1980. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1982. 279pp. Continues the bibliography above.

17.

. Russia, the USSR, and Eastern Europe: A Bibliographic Guide to English Language Publications, 1981-1985. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1987. 273pp. Continues the bibliography above.

18. Horecky, Paul L. East Central Europe: A Guide to Basic Publications. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969. 956pp. Annotated citations on topical issues as well as on Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, and the Sorbs. Arnold H. Price compiled the chapter on East Germany and Janina Hoskins the chapter on Poland. Most citations are in the language of the country. 19. Humanities Index. New York: Wilson, 1974Yearly index to journal articles in the humanities, including history. Indexes major journals in the fields of European history. Earlier titles were Social Sciences and Humanities Index, and International Index. 20. Library of Congress Catalog. Books: Subjects. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1950-1982. Issued in 5 year cumulations until 1975, then yearly until 1982. Since then the subject listing has been part of the National Union Catalog on microfiche. 21. Milewski, Waclaw, Andrzej Suchcitz, and Andrzej Gorczycki. Guide to the Archives of the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum. Vol. 1. London: Orbis Books, for the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, 1985. 375pp.

Primary Sources

5

The Institute and Museum were founded in London in 1945. The Archives contain the largest collection outside Poland of primary sources, with special emphasis on the period of World War II. This volume contains information about the records of the civil service, and about private and subject collections. Most materials are in Polish. 22. National Union Catalog, Pre-1956 Imprints. London: Mansell, 19681981. 754vols. Provides access to the Library of Congress's holdings as well as citations from contributing libraries. 23. National Union Catalog: A Cumulative Author List Representing LC Printed Cards and Titles Reported by Other American Libraries. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1970Yearly volumes have been cumulated into a set for 1956-67, 1968-72, and 1973-77. It was published yearly until 1982, when the paper volumes ceased. Now it is published on microfiche only. 24. New York Public Library. Dictionary Catalog of the Research Libraries of the New York Public Library, 1911-1971. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1979. 800 vols. Both these compilations of the holdings of the New York Public Library provide access to unusual, little-known materials on the borderlands. There is some overlap. The general catalog supplements also continue the Slavonic Collection catalog. 25. New York Public Library. Slavonic Division. Dictionary Catalog of the Slavonic Collection. 2d ed. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1974. 44 vols. The author, title, and subject listings are primarily for citations in languages other than English, though some English language items are cited. 26. Public Affairs Information Service Bulletin (PAIS). New York: Public Affairs Information Service, 1917Yearly index to journal articles, books, and government reports on government, politics, economics, and sociology. Useful for German-Polish relations and the development of Poland's western territories. 27. Simor, George. Guide to the Archives of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences ofAmerica. New York: Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America, 1987. 376pp. A guide to the Institute's collections of Polish and Polish-American documents, papers and manuscripts on history, economics, literature, diplomacy, Polish political parties, and oral history recordings.

6

Polish-German Borderlands

28. Social Sciences Index. New York: Wilson, 1974Yearly index to social science periodical articles. Earlier titles were Social Sciences and Humanities Index, and International Index. 29. State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Catalog of the Polish Room Collection, Lockwood Memorial Library. Buffalo, N.Y.: W.S. Hein, 1983. 2 vols. A photographic reproduction of the card catalog by authors, titles, and subjects. Most of the library holdings are in Polish. BIBLIOGRAPHIES 30. Books on Poland: A Selection of Publications on Poland in the English Language Arranged According to Subject Matter. Supplement to Polish Review. New York: Polish Review Publishing Company, 1944? 12pp. A short list of books on Poland, with a few journal articles included. 31. Brits Index: An Index to the British Theses Collections (1971-1987) Held at the British Library Document Supply Centre and London University. Godstone, Surrey: British Theses Service, 1989. 3 vols. Includes British theses on Polish and German subjects. 32. Buse, Dieter K., and Juergen C. Doerr. German Nationalisms: A Bibliographic Approach. New York: Garland Publishing, 1985. 230pp. Annotated bibliography arranged with a general introduction and chronological period divisions. Includes a subject index. 33. Comprehensive Dissertation Index, 1861-1972. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Xerox University Microfilms, 1973. Vol. 27, Law and Political Science; vol. 28, History. The volumes give cumulated subject and author access to Dissertation Abstracts International listings of American dissertations. 34. Cox, Edward G. Reference Guide to the Literature of Travel. Seattle: University of Washington, 1935. 3 vols. Lists chronologically all books published in Great Britain through the year 1800. Includes a country index. Useful for names of persons who traveled through the borderlands. 35. C.R.I.S.: The Combined Retrospective Index to Journals in History, 18381974. Washington: Carrollton Press, 1977. Vol. 3, Eastern Europe. The subject listings are broad and the article titles are abbreviated, but the index does make 19th century journal articles accessible.

Primary Sources

7

36. Cumulated Magazine Subject Index, 1907-1949. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1964. 2 vols. Indexes approximately 175 English, Canadian, and American periodicals. 37. Davies, Norman. Poland, Past and Present: A Select Bibliography of Works in English. Newtonville, Mass.: Oriental Research Partners, 1977. 187pp. Indexes books and journals, with most citations in English. Divided by broad subjects, with an author index. Of particular use is a gazetteer of provinces and places, giving, when appropriate, the Polish, Latin, German and Russian names for each. 38. Detwiler, Donald S., and Ilse E. Detwiler. West Germany: the Federal Republic of Germany Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Press, 1987. 353pp. Useful for a list of general bibliographies, reference works, and guides to libraries and archives in the Federal Republic. Very few citations on the Oder-Neisse region, Polish-German relations, or eastern Germany. 39. Dissertation Abstracts International. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms, 1955/56A fairly comprehensive index to dissertations. Continues the earlier sets called Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities, and American Doctoral Dissertations. 40. Doerr, Juergen C. Big Powers and the German Question, 1941-1990: A Selected Bibliographic Guide. New York: Garland Publishing, 1992. 403pp. Annotated bibliography of materials on Germany and the western Allies as regards the division, occupation, and reunification of the country. Includes a narrative and analysis of historiography. Most citations are in German. 41. Enser, A. G. S. Subject Bibliography of the Second World War: Books in English, 1939-1974. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1977. 592pp. The arrangement is by broad subjects. Useful for memoirs of civilians and combatants who spent time in the borderlands. 42.

. Subject Bibliography of the Second World War and the Aftermath: Books in English, 1975-1987. 2d ed. Brookfield, Vt: Gower, 1990. 287pp.

43. Foreign Affairs Bibliography: A Selected and Annotated List of Books on International Relations. New York, 1933-1964. 4 vols., each covering a portion of the years 1919 through 1962.

8

Polish-German Borderlands These lists are compiled from reviews in the journal Foreign Affairs. Broad subject arrangements.

44. Foreign Affairs 50-Year Index. Covers v. 1-50, 1922-1972. Compiled by Robert J. Palmer. New York: Bowker for the Council on Foreign Relations, 1973. 1282pp. This annotated bibliography of best books was submitted by experts in many fields. 45. Hersch, Gisela, comp. Bibliography of German Studies, 1945-1971. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1972. 603pp. Citations on German-Polish relations, eastern Germany, and the OderNeisse Line are to be found in the chapter on the German question, p. 3053. Many citations are in German. 46. Horak, Stephan M. Eastern European National Minorities, 1919-1980: A Handbook. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1985. 353pp. The chapter "National Minorities in Poland, 1919-1980," by Kenneth C. Farmer, David Crowe, and Richard Blanke includes a section on Germans. There is an historical narrative and a bibliography for each section. 47. Hoskins, Janina, comp. Polish Books in English, 1945-71. Washington: Library of Congress, 1974. 163pp. Pertinent subject listings include the Polish Corridor, Polish-German Relations, and the names of cities in the borderlands. 48. Kanka, August G. Poland: An Annotated Bibliography of Books in English. New York: Garland, 1988. 395pp. Annotated citations arranged by topic, including biography, boundaries, cities and towns, economic conditions, foreign relations, German occupation, history by period, minorities, and social conditions. 49. Kerner, Robert J. Slavic Europe: A Selected Bibliography. 1918. Reprint. New York: Russell & Russell, 1969. 402pp. The reprinting of the bibliography attests to its continuing validity. 50. Kuehl, Warren F. Dissertations in History, 1873-1970. Lexington, Ky.: University of Kentucky, 1965-72. 2 vols. Arranged alphabetically; subject index. Continued by the volume below. 51.

. Dissertations in History: 1970-June 1980: An Index to Dissertations Completed in History Departments of United States and

Primary Sources

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Canadian Universities. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-Clio Information Services, 1985. 466pp. Arranged in broad subject divisions, with subject and author indexes. 52. Lewanski, Richard C. Poland. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Press, 1984. 267pp. A comprehensive annotated bibliography of monographs, journal articles, and reference works. 53. Merritt, Anna J. Politics, Economics, and Society in the Two Germanies, 1945-1975: A Bibliography of English-Language Works. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1978. 268pp. Most appropriate are the sections on population movements, West German foreign policy with Poland, and the Oder-Neisse territories. 54. Momoe, James L., comp. Prisoners of War and Political Hostages, a Select Bibliography. Report A 10-1. Springfield, Va.: Momoe Corp., 1973. 46pp. 55. Nineteenth Century Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, 1890-1899. With Supplementary Indexing 1900-1922. Edited by Helen Grant Cushing and Adah V. Morris. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1944. 2 vols. The subjects of Prussia, Poland, Silesia, Pomerania, and Danzig have relevant citations. 56. Pearson, Raymond. Russia and Eastern Europe, 1789-1985: A Bibliographical Guide. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1989. 210pp. English language monographs primarily on Russia and the Soviet Union, with short sections on other eastern European countries. The citations have short, descriptive annotations. 57. Poolers Index to Periodical Literature, 1802-1881. Rev. ed. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1891. 2 vols. 58. Price, Arnold H. Federal Republic of Germany: A Select Bibliography of English-Language Publications. 2d ed. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1978. 116pp. A short bibliography of items published since World War II. 59. Sanford, George, and Adriana Gozdecka-Sanford. Poland. 2d ed. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Press, 1993. 250pp.

Polish-German Borderlands

10

The bibliography is a revision of one compiled by Richard C. Lewariski. About three-fourths of the citations are new and have post-1980 publication dates. 60. Smith, Harold F. American Travellers Abroad: A Bibliography of Accounts Published Before 1900. Carbondale, 111.: Southern Illinois University Library, 1969. 166pp. Citations of early travelers who published memoirs of their travels through the borderlands. Includes a geographical subject index. 61. Spath, Manfred. Bibliography ofArticles on East-European and Russian History: Selected from English-Language Periodicals, 1850-1938. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1981. 98pp. The chapter on Poland is relevant for articles about German minorities and regional problems such as Upper Silesia, Danzig, and the Polish Corridor. 62. Wallace, Ian. East Germany: The German Democratic Republic. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Press, 1987. 293pp. Includes a list of general bibliographies, reference works, and guides for the Democratic Republic. Very few citations on the Oder-Neisse region, Polish-German relations, or eastern Germany. 63. Wielewinski, Bernard, ed. Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses Regarding Polish Subjects, 1900-1985: An Annotated Bibliography. Boulder, Colo.: East European Monographs; New York: Columbia University Press, 1988. 200pp. An important reference for unpublished theses on Poland. 64. Ziegler, Janet. World War II: Books in English, 1945-1964. Stanford, Calif: Hoover Institution Press, 1971. 223pp. Includes memoirs of persons who were in the borderlands during the war. FICTION SOURCES 65. Bithell, Jethro. Modern German Literature, 1880-1950. 3d ed. London: Methuen & Co., 1959. 584pp. A survey covering the most important authors, poets, and playwrights of the period. 66. Cumulated Fiction Index. London: Association of Assistant Librarians, 1945-

Primary Sources

11

The most recent cumulation is 1980-1989, compiled by Marilyn E. Hicken. Arranged in broad subjects. 67. Daemmrich, Horst S., and Diether H. Haenicke, eds. Challenge of German Literature. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1971. 432pp. A general survey of German literature, arranged by period. 68. Dictionary of Literary Biography. Detroit: Gale Research. v.56. German Fiction Writers, 1914-1945. James Hardin, ed. 1897. 382pp. v.66. German Fiction Writers, 1885-1913. James Hardin, ed. 1988. 2 vols. v.69-75. Contemporary German Fiction Writers. W.D. Elfe and J. Hardin, ed. 1988. 2 vols. v.129. Nineteenth-Century German Writers, 1841-1900. J. Hardin and S. Mews, ed. 1993. 533pp. v.133. Nineteenth-Century German Writers to 1840. J. Hardin and S. Mews, ed. 1993. 413pp. These volumes of biographies present a substantial coverage of modern German writers. 69. Fiction Catalog. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1908A serial publication originally intended for public libraries. Yearly supplements are published in 5 or 10 year cumulations. The most recent is the 12th ed., 1991. 70. Furness, Raymond, and Malcolm Humble. Companion to TwentiethCentury German Literature. London; New York: Routledge, 1991. 305pp. Short biographies arranged alphabetically. 71. Hager, Philip E., and Desmond Taylor. Novels of World War I: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland Publishing, 1981. 513pp. Arranged by date of publication with author and title indexes; no subject index. There is a lengthy section of juvenile novels. 72. Ledbetter, Eleanor Edwards. Polish Literature in English Translation: A Bibliography with a List of Books About Poland and the Poles. New York: Published by H.W. Wilson for the Polish National Alliance, 1932. 45pp. 73. McGarry, Daniel D., and Sarah H. White. World Historical Fiction Guide: An Annotated Chronological, Geographical and Topical List of Selected Historical Novels. 2d ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1973. 629pp.

Polish-German Borderlands

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Arranged by broad geographical areas within historical periods. The listing goes through the 19th century. 74. Milosz, Czeslaw. History of Polish Literature. 2d ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983. 583pp. Comprehensive survey of Polish literature by a well-known Polish literary figure. 75. O'Neill, Patrick. German Literature in Translation: A Select Bibliography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1981. 242pp. Listing by author only; useful for verification. 76. Taylor, Desmond, and Philip E. Hager. Novels of World War II: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland Publishing, 1993. 2 vols. Arranged by date of publication with author and title indexes. There is no subject index. FILM SOURCES 77. Bren, Frank. Poland. London: Flicks, 1986. 209pp. A guide to Polishfilmsand film personnel. 78. Fuksiewicz, Jacek. Polish Cinema. 2d ed. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1976. 165pp. A guide to all aspects of the Polish film industry, including shorts, documentaries, educational films, animated films, and television. Also includes a list of awards. 79. Helt, Richard C, and Marie E. Helt. West German Cinema Since 1945: A Reference Book. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1987. 736pp. A source for plots, producers, directors, and actors. 80.

. West German Cinema, 1985-1990. Scarecrow Press, 1992. 259pp. A continuation of the compilers1 earlier volume.

Metuchen, N.J.:

81. Library of Congress Films, 1948-1952. Library of Congress Pictures and Film Strips, 1953-1972. National Union Catalog: Films, 1973-1978. Audiovisual Materials, 1979-1982. Washington, D.C., 22 vols. Together these titles form a valuable resource for educational and television films andfilmstripsproduced in the United States since World War n. Includes some entertainment films. There are detailed subject indexes

Primary Sources

13

using Library of Congress subjects. Since 1983 Audiovisual Materials has been continued only on microfiche. 82. Liehm, Mira, and Antonin J. Liehm. Most Important Art: Eastern European Film After 1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977. 467pp. This general survey has a section on Polish film in each chapter. 83. Magill, Frank N., ed. MagilTs Survey of Cinema: Foreign Language Films. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Salem Press, 1985. 8 vols. Discusses the most important films and filmmakers from countries other than the United States. 84. Michalek, Boleslaw, and Frank Turaj. Modern Cinema of Poland. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1988. 205pp. Describes the history of Polish filmmaking and has individual chapters on important directors such as Munk, Wajda, and Zanussi. 85. Paul, David W., ed. Politics, Art and Commitment in the East European Cinema. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983. 314pp. Includes three essays on Polish cinema. 86. Slater, Thomas J., ed. Handbook of Soviet and East European Films and Filmmakers. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992. 443pp. Chapters on Poland and East Germany include a descriptive narrative, a short bibliography, biographical sketches, and a selected list of important films through 1986. 87. Sobanski, Oskar. Polish Feature Films: A Reference Guide, 1945-1985. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill Press, 1987. 335pp. A chronological guide to Polish films, giving themes, directors, actors, and other personnel. No subject approach, but a good index to names and titles.

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Chapter 2

THE BORDERLANDS BEFORE 1914 The borderlands were described in print by a few medieval chroniclers and churchmen. In later years, historians recorded the political and military events that affected the region, while travelers, who ate at post houses, rented horses and wagons, fought highwaymen, and observed peasants working in the fields, recorded everyday details of people's lives. The second section lists scholars' analyses of events that occurred in the borderlands before World War I. Most of the citations concern the period during which Prussia had control of the region,fromthe late 1700s to 1919. EARLY HISTORIES AND TRAVELERS' ACCOUNTS 88. Adams, John Quincy. Letters on Silesia: Written During a Tour Through That Country in the Years 1800-1801. London: Printed for J. Budd, 1804. 387pp. Described the countryside and people he saw while traveling through Lower Silesia in 1800-1801. 89. Ancient and Present State of Poland: Giving a Short But Exact Account of the Scituation [sic] of That Country ... Drawn out of Their Best Historians. London: Printed for E. Whitlock, 1697. 23pp. Describes people, customs, rulers, religion, and history of Poland. 90. Authentic Narrative of Facts Relative to the Late Dismemberment of Poland. 2d ed. London: Printed for J. Owen and J. Parsons, 1794. 42pp. Sketches the reign of Stanislaus Augustus, King of Poland and the relations with foreign neighbors, including Prussia, that led to the partition.

16

Polish-German Borderlands

91. Carlyle, Thomas. History ofFriedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great. London: Chapman and Hall, 1873-1894. 10 vols. This famous history contains much description of Friedrich's wars in the Silesian countryside, as well as detailing his diplomacy with Poland. 92.

. Journey to Germany, Autumn 1858. Edited by Richard A.E. Brooks. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1940. 222pp. Carlyle traveled to Germany to visit the Silesian battlefields that figured so prominently in the wars of Friedrich II. The editor then compares Carlyle's descriptions with those of other historians.

93. Carr, John. Northern Summer; or Travels Round the Baltic, Through Denmark, Sweden, Russia, Prussia, and Part of Germany in the Year 1894. London: Printed for R. Phillips by T. Gillet, 1805. 480pp. Carr made a trip from Danzig to Berlin by stuhlwaggon in eight days. He described the countryside, the conditions of the people and horses, the roads, post-houses, and towns along the way, while lamenting that he couldn't speak German with the driver. 94. Colo, V. A. "Strange Guide on Polish and German Affairs." Westminster Review 162 (1904), 1-7. 95. Colquhoun, A. R. "Achilles Heel of Germany." North American Review 189 (June 1909), 801-811. 96. Connor, Bernard. History of Poland: in Several Letters to Persons of Quality. London: Printed by J.D. for D. Brown and A. Roper, 1698. 2 vols. Connor, who lived in Poland for some time as physician to King John Sobieski, describes all aspects of Polish civilization in great detail. 97. Dawson, W. H. "Race Question in Germany." Fortnightly Review 89 (Feb. 1909), 259-275. 98. DesFontaines, Pierre F. G. History of the Revolutions of Poland, from the Foundation of That Monarchy, to the Death of Augustus II. Translated from French. London: T. Woodward, 1736. 428pp. 99. Desroches de Parthenay, Jean Baptiste. History of Poland Under August II. Translated from French. London: Printed for W. Lewis, 1734. 2 vols. Describes the history of Poland from 1696 to 1733, including relations with Prussia.

The Borderlands before 1914

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100. Dillon, E. J. "Poles Versus Slavs in Prussia." Contemporary Review 93 (April 1908), 507-510. 101. Dover, George J. Life of Frederic the Second, King of Prussia. New York: Harpers, 1848-59. 2 vols. Describes the life of Friedrich the Great, including his military campaigns in Silesia. 102. Edwards, Henry Sutherland. Polish Captivity: An Account of the Present Position of the Poles in the Kingdom of Poland and in the Polish Provinces of Austria, Prussia, and Russia. London: W.H. Allen, 1863. 2 vols. Edwards was a London Times correspondent who visited Poland in 186162. He describes Prussian Poland in vol. 2. 103.

. Private History of a Polish Insurrection,fromOfficial and Unofficial Sources. London: Saunders, Otley & Co., 1865. 2 vols. While Edwards was in Poland in 1863-64, he found himself in the midst of a revolution. Some of his reports to the London Times were from Posen.

104. Ehrlich, Ludwik. Poland, Prussia, and Culture. London: Oxford University Press, 1914. 27pp. A defense of Polish culture in the light of Prussian domination and disparagement. 105. Firme Alliance & Agreement Made Betweene His Majestie the King of Swethland on the One Side and... the Duke of Statin and Pomerland on

the Other Side. Translated from Dutch. Delph: Printed by A. Clouting, 1631. A treaty between Gustavus II of Sweden and Boleslaus XIV of Pomerania. 106. Fischer, Ernst Ludwig. [Thomas A. Fischer, pseud.] Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia. Edinburgh: O. Schulze, 1903. 244pp. The Scots visited the Baltic coast of Prussia as traders and mercenaries. Many settled in Danzig and other seaports along the coast. 107. Fowler, John. History of the Troubles ofSuethland and Poland ... and Great Treaty of Pacification Between Those Two Kindomes, Concluded at Stumbsdorff in Prussia, Anno 1635. London: Printed by T. Rovcroft for T. Dring, 1656. 254pp. An Englishman's version of the seventeenth century wars between Sweden and Poland, fought mainly in Pomerania.

18

Polish-German Borderlands

108. Friedrich II, King of Prussia, 1712-1786. Memoirs of the House of Brandenburg. Translated from German. London: Printed for J. Nourse, 1757. 286,66pp. Friedrich's own account of the history of his kingdom, including foreign relations with Poland, Sweden, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 109. "German and the Pole." Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 111 (April 1902), 517-531. 110. Givskov, Erik. "Germany and Her Subjected Races." Contemporary Review 87 (1905), 813-820. 111. Goslicki, Wawrzyniec. Accomplished Senator. Translated from Latin. London: Printed for Mr. Oldisworth, 1733. 330pp. Goslicki, Chancellor of Poland and Bishop of Posen, draws a picture of the ideal statesman who can find an equilibrium between power and liberty, and between the prerogatives of the king and the interests of the people. 112. Hall, William H. B. Polish Experiences During the Insurrection of 1863-64. London: Macmillan, 1864. 350pp. A first-person account of the Polish revolution against the Russian Empire. He spent time in Posen and Gniesen, in the borderlands. 113. Helmoldus. Chronicle of the Slavs. Translated from Latin. New York: Octagon Books, 1966. 321pp. Writing in the late 12th century, a German monk sketched the history of the civilizing influences of the Saxon Germans in the eastern borderlands. 114. Hyde, Lawrence, Earl of Rochester. "Diary of the Particular Occurrences During His Embassy to John Sobieski, King of Poland, in 1676." In Correspondence of Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, and of Laurence Hyde, Earl of Rochester. Edited by S.W. Singer. London: H. Colburn, 1828. 2 vols. Rochester was sent to Poland in 1676 as English ambassador. 115. James, John Thomas. Journal of a Tour in Germany, Sweden, Russia, Poland, During the Years 1813 and 1814. 2d ed. London: J. Murray, 1817. 2 vols. 116. Janssen, Johannes. History of the German People at the Close of the Middle Ages. Translated from German. 1896-1910. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1966. 17 vols.

The Borderlands before 1914

19

This lengthy history of the German people has an detailed index with references to Silesia, Pomerania, and principal cities in the borderlands. 117. Johnston, Robert. Travels Through Part of the Russian Empire and the Country of Poland, Along the Southern Shores of the Baltic. 1816. Reprint. New York: Arno Press, 1970. 403pp. Explored the Baltic coast in Swedish Pomerania on his way to Russia. In Danzig the marks of Napoleon's siege were still visible. Returning, he traveled from Warsaw to Berlin through Posen, and described the countryside and people that he saw along the way. 118. Koscielski, J. "Polish Question in Prussia." Contemporary Review 94 (July 1908), 43-53. 119. Kosciol-Koscialski, Jozef B. "Prussia and the Poles." National Review 43 (1904), 740-764. 120. LaBizardiere, Michel D. de. Historical Account of the Divisions in Poland: from the Death of K. John Sobieski to the Settlement of the Present King on the Throne. Translated from the French. London: H. Rhodes, 1700. 232pp. Study of the 1696-1697 interregnum period in Polish history. 121. Lind, James. Letters Concerning the Present State of Poland. 2d ed. London: T. Payne, 1773. 393pp. As a tutor to Prince Stanislaus Poniatowski, Lind spent time in Poland and writes knowledgeably about Polish relations with Prussia. 122. Lindsey, Theophilus. Polish Partition, Illustrated in Seven Dramatick Dialogues. London: Printed for P. Elmsley, 1773. 89pp. Explains the first Partition by making up a conversation among statesmen who were involved. 123. Lloyd, Henry. History of the Late War in Germany Between the King of Prussia and the Empress of Germany and Her Allies. London: Printed for the Author, 1766. 3 vols. Describes the diplomatic history as well as the battles themselves, with detailed descriptions of the countryside, troop movements, and maps. 124. Marshall, Joseph. Travels Through Germany, Russia, and Poland in the Years 1769 and 1770. New York: Arno Press & the New York Times, 1971. pp. 105-352. Excerpted from a longer work first published in 1772.

20

Polish-German Borderlands Described a tripfromDanzig to Warsaw, and then west to Berlin through Breslau and Frankfurt am Oder. He traveled with soldiers for protection, and found the Polish countryside very devastated by war.

125. Maunsell, Henry. "English Captain in Silesia." Magazine 68 (Aug. 1866), 182-190.

Dublin University

126. "Modern persecution, Poles and Germany." Catholic World 82 (Dec. 1905), 364-377. 127. Moltke, Helmut K. B. von. Poland: A Historical Sketch. Translated from German. London: Chapman and Hall, 1885. 155pp. Having spent time in Silesia and Posen as a young lieutenant, Moltke examines Polish history from an interested viewpoint. He states that Poland was saved from much internal upheaval by the strong state of Prussia. 128. Neale, Adam. Travels Through Some Parts of Germany, Poland, Moldavia, and Turkey. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1818. 295pp. As physician to the British Embassy in Turkey, Neale traveled through the borderlands twice. He observed living conditions, the land, agricultural products, and made some historical notes. 129. Nugent, Thomas. Travels Through Germany: Containing Observations on Customs ... with a Particular Account of the Courts of Mecklenburg. London, 1768. 2 vols. Includes much detail about towns, country, coinage, nobility, and people at court Also visited Pomerania. 130. "Oder River." Geographical Journal 9 (1897), 422-424. 131. Palmer, Alicia T. Authentic Memoirs of John Sobieski, King of Poland. London: Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor, 1815. 303pp. A history of the Polish King who led a military force to Vienna to save it from the Turks. The author drew on many earlier historical sources. 132. Particular Description of the City ofDantzick, Its Fortifications, Extent, Trade, Government, Religion, ... with Many Other Remarkable Curiosities. London: Printed for Bettesworth and Hitch, 1734. 49pp. Memoirs of an Englishman who lived in Danzig, with descriptions of public buildings, population, trade, and history.

The Borderlands before 1914

21

133. Pepys, Charlotte M. Journey on a Plank from Kiev to Eaux-Bonnes, 1859. London: Hurst & Blackett, 1860. 2 vols. Pepys traveled by invalid coach from Russia through Poland and Germany to France. 134. "Persecution of the Poles: Posen." Living Age 252 (Jan. 5, 1907), 36-42. 135. Pitt, Moses. English Atlas: Vol.1. Containing a Description of Poland. 1680. Reprint. New York: Z. Tebinka, 1943. 28pp., 4 maps. Describes history, countryside, boundaries, climate, natural resources, language, and customs. The emphasis is on western Poland and the borderlands. 136. Pless, Mary Theresa. Private Diaries of Daisy, Princess of Pless. London: Murray, 1950. 312pp. In 1891 an English woman married the Count of Pless, whose estates were in the borderlands near Breslau. She kept a private diary for many years. 137. Polish Question from the German Point of View. By a German statesman. Translated from German. London: Ridgway, 1855. 78pp. 138. "Polish Subjects of Prussia." Chautauquan 34 (March 1902), 573-579. 139. Radziwill, Luise. Forty Five Years of My Life (1770-1815). Translated from German. New York: McBride, Nast & Co., 1912. 461pp. Princess Radziwill was privy to Prussian court details in the period of the Partitions and the Napoleonic invasion. She fled Berlin with the royal court to escape the French troops. 140. Richard, John. Tour from London to Petersburgh from Thence to Moscow, and Return to London by Way ofCourland, Poland, Germany, and Holland. London: Printed for T. Evans, 1780. 222pp. Traveled along the Baltic coastfromRussia to Germany, passing through the borderlands. Describes Danzig, Stolp, Stargard, and the countryside. 141. Russell, John. Tour in Germany, and Some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empire in the Years 1829, 1821, 1822. 3d ed. Edinburgh: Printed for Archibald Constable & Co., 1825. 2 vols. Notes the contrast between the beauty of the Silesian mountains and the misery and poverty of the Silesian weavers' families.

22

Polish-German Borderlands

142. Schopenhauer, Johanna H. Youthful Life, and Pictures of Travel: Being the Autobiography ofMadame Schopenhauer. Translated from German. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1847. 2 vols. The mother of Arthur Schopenhauer, the German philosopher, presents her memoirs of her childhood in Danzig. 143. Sienkiewicz, Henryk, and E. Klaessig. Outlook 88 (March 7, 1908), 541-544.

"Dispossessing the Poles."

144. Spenser, Edmund. Sketches of Germany and the Germans, with a Glance at Poland, Hungary, and Switzerland, in 1834, 1835, and 1836. 2d ed. London: Whittaker & Co., 1836. 2 vols. In vol.1 he discusses the people, their costumes, the agriculture, and scenery of Prussian Poland. 145. Stanislaw I (Leszczydski). History of Stanislaus I, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, etc. to Which is Added: A Relation of His Retreat from Dantzick, in a Letter Written by Himself Translated from French. London: C. Davis, 1741. 248pp. 146. Stille, Christoph Ludwig von. King of Prussia's Campaigns: with Remarks on the Causes of the Several Events. Translated from French. London: Printed for T. Becket and P. A. de Hondt, 1763. 192pp. In 1742-1746 Stille recounted Silesian battles in letters written from near the battlefields. 147. Tende, Gaspard de. Account of Poland: Containing a Geographical Description of the Country .... London: Printed for T. Goodwin and H. Newman, 1698. 300pp. Presents the history, customs, and present situation of Poland, based on having lived there for 25 years. 148. Tielke, Johann Gottlieb. Account of Some of the Most Remarkable Events of the War Between the Prussians, Austrians, and Russians, from 1756 to 1763; and a Treatise on Several Branches of the Military Art, with Plans and Maps. Translated from German. 2ded. London: Printed for the Translators and sold by J. Walter, 1787-88. 2 vols. Includes eye-witness accounts of battles in Silesia by an Austrian artillery officer. 149. Treitschke, Heinrich G. von. Treitschke's Origins of Prussianism. Translated from German. New York: Howard Fertig, 1969. 162pp.

The Borderlands before 1914

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First published in Germany in 1862, this history of Prussia exalts the Germans who "are still carrying the advantages of civilization to the east." 150. Van Norman, Louis E. Poland, the Knight Among Nations. New York: F.H. Revell Co., 1907. 359pp. Presents Poland as it was in 1907, a country divided among three empires, and desiring restoration of its nationhood. Includes contemporary photographs. 151. Viomenil, Antoine Charles du Houx. Private Letters of Baron de Viomenil on Polish Affairs in 1771 and 1772. Translated from French. Jersey, N.J.: Collins Doan Co., 1935. 275pp. Letters written by a French military observer describe the fighting which took place at the time of the first Partition. Also includes other officers' memoirs. 152. Von Schierbrand, W. "Polish Problem in Prussia." Forum 33 (May 1902), 259-269. 153. Wenkstern, Otto. Prussia and the Poles. London: Mann Nephews, 1862. 91pp. Defends Prussian control of western Poland to prevent the Russian Empire from absorbing the whole country. Prussia "has washed, and swept, and drained the country;... and deprived the Poles of the privilege of ignorance." 154. Winter, Nevin O. Poland of To-Day and Yesterday. Boston: L.C. Page, 1913. 349pp. Visits to partitioned Poland give immediacy to a portrait of life in the three parts, including "German Poland." 155. Wolff, H. W. "Polish Danger in Prussia." (April 1901), 375-385.

Westminster Review 155

156. Wolski, Kalixt. Poland: Her Glory, Her Sufferings, Her Overthrow. London: Kerby & Endean, 1883. 230pp. Sketches a broad history of Poland, emphasizing the importance of reestablishing the country as a barrier between Russian barbarism and European civilization. Originally developed as lectures that were delivered outside on Sunday mornings in Poznania because Polish was forbidden in the schools.

24

Polish-German Borderlands

157. Wraxall, Nathaniel W. Memoirs of the Courts of Berlin, Dresden, Warsaw, and Vienna in the Years 1777-1779. 3d ed. London, 1806. 2 vols. Traveled through the borderlands, including visiting the locations of some of Friedrich H's battles. 158.

. Tour Through Some of the Northern Parts of Europe, Particularly Copenhagen, Stockholm, and Petersburgh, in a Series of Letters. 3ded. London, 1776. 411pp. Traveled along the Baltic coast in 1774. He was advised not to go south to Thorn and Posen because of bandits and poor roads.

HISTORICAL STUDIES ON THE PRE-1914 PERIOD 159. Bang, Jeremy D. Friesens and Cousins: A Baltic Past. N.p.: J.D. Bangs, 1980? 24pp. A brief and slightly casual history of Mennonites in eastern Pomerania and West Prussia. 160. Bartys, Julian. "Grand Duchy of Poznan Under Prussian Rule: Changes in the Economic Position of the Jewish Population, 1815-1848." Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook 17 (1972), 191-204. When the Duchy was annexed by Prussia many of the Jewish-run economic activities declined. Their economic position was also hurt by antisemitic attitudes of Prussian authorities. 161. Biskup, Marian. Copernicus' Pomeranian Tour. Bydgoszcz: Wojewodzki Komitet Kultury Fizycznej i Turystyki, 1970. 16pp. Nicholas Copernicus was born in Thorn/Torun and both Germany and Poland have claimed him as a native son. 162.

. "Role of the Order and the State of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia in the History of Poland." Polish Western Affairs 1:1 (1966), 337-365. Concludes that when the Order advanced into Pomerania it took advantage of the people it overran, threw its weight around, and consequently damaged Polish-German relations for centuries.

163. Black, Cyril E. "Poznan and Europe in 1848." Journal of Central European Affairs 8 (1948), 191-206. 164. Blanke, Richard. "Bismarck and the Prussian Polish Policies of 1886." Journal of Modern History 45:2 (June 1973), 211-239.

25

The Borderlands before 1914 165.

. "Development of Loyalism in Prussian Poland, 1886-1890." Slavonic and East European Review 52 (1974), 548-565.

166.

. '"Era of Reconciliation' in German-Polish Relations (18901894)." Slavic Review 36:1 (Mar. 1977), 39-53.

167.

. Prussian Poland in the German Empire (1871-1900). Boulder, Colo.: East European Monographs; New York: distributed by Columbia University Press, 1981. 268pp. Focuses on the Prussian administration of its Polish lands, and emphasizes the development of both Polish and German nationalism.

168.

. "Prussian Polish Policy and the Polish Minority in Prussia Under Bismarck and Caprivi, 1886-94." Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1970. 384pp. DA31/07-Ap.3461.

169. Boehlke, LeRoy. Pomerania, Its People and Its History. Germantown, Wis.:PommerscherVereinFreistadt, 1985. 36pp. A nostalgic look back at the history and culture of the homeland of many Wisconsin emigrants. 170. Brock, Peter. "Florjan Cenova and the Kashub Question." East European Quarterly 2:3 (1968), 259-294pp. Reprinted in Nationalism and Populism in Partitioned Poland: Selected Essays. London: distributed by Orbis Books, 1973. 219 p. Discusses the opinion of Cenova concerning whether Kashubs were a separate nationality or were part of the Polish nation. He promoted the use of the Kashubian language for literary writing and thought of it as separatefromPolish. 171. Burleigh, Michael. Prussian Society and the German Order: An Aristocratic Corporation in Crisis, 1410-1466. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984. 207pp. Traces the Teutonic Knights' loss of power in the 1400s, culminating with a treaty with the Polish monarchy at Thorn in 1466. 172. Carsten, Francis L. History of the Prussian Junkers. Brookfield, Vt: Gower Publishing Co., 1989. 215pp. Describes the rule of the Prussian noblemen in the borderlands of Silesia, Pomerania, and West Prussia, and their relations with the Polish and German peasants who worked the land. 173.

. Origins of Prussia. Greenwood Press, 1981. 309pp.

1954.

Reprint.

Westport, Conn.:

26

Polish-German Borderlands Traces the expansion of classes and institutions which formed the basis of the Prussian state, and their conquest and conversion of the Slavs while moving into Brandenburg and Pomerania.

174. Caspari, Emil. Working Classes of Upper Silesia: A Historical Essay. London: S. Low, Marston & Co., 1921. 96pp. This historical survey of Upper Silesia was written before the plebiscite and was intended to present the Polish point of view regarding the exploitation of Polish working classes by German owners. 175. Clafin, Walter H. "Prussian Campaigns of Gustavus Adolphus, 16261629: A Military Study." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1908. 176. Czamecki, Jan. Goths in Ancient Poland: A Study on the Historical Geography of the Oder-Vistula Region During the First Two Centuries of Our Era. Coral Gables, Fla.: University of Miami Press, 1975. 184pp. Describes Gothic migrations into the Oder-Vistula basin. There is controversy over the theory that the Goths then subdued the Slavic population and evolved into Polish nobility. 177. Dorwart, Reinhold A. Prussian Welfare State Before 1740. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971. 328pp. The Hohenzollern rulers of Prussia concerned themselves with education, public health, city sanitation, fire and police protection, and other aspects of the welfare of their subjects, including those in Pomerania, Silesia, and West Prussia. 178. Drozdowski, Marian. "Eighteenth Century Sources of Polish-Prussian Antagonism." Polish Western Affairs 22:1-2 (1981), 40-55. 179.

. "Historiography on the Economic Results of Prussian Annexations for Polish Territories and the Hohenzollern State." Polish Western Affairs 27:1 (1986), 133-140.

180. Dvornik, Francis. "First Wave of the Drang Nach Osten." Cambridge Historical Journal 7 (1943), 129-145. 181.

. Making of Central and Eastern Europe. 2ded. Gulf Breeze, Fla.: Academic International Press, 1974. 350pp. Deals primarily with Polish-German relations in the tenth and eleventh centuries, as well as describing the medieval kingdoms of Bohemia, Poland, Hungary, and others.

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182. Eley, Geoff. "German Politics and Polish Nationality: The Dialectic of Nation-Forming in the East of Prussia." East European Quarterly 18:3 (1984), 335-364. Reprinted in From Unification to Nazism: Reinterpreting the German Past, by Geoff Eley. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990. 290pp. Examines Prussian-Polish relations in the late 19th century by reviewing four books on the subject, written by R. Blanke, W. Hagen, J. Kulczycki, and R. Murphy. 183. Eversley, George J. Partitions of Poland. 1915. Reprint. New York: H. Fertig, 1973. 328pp. A history of the three Polish partitions which divided the country among the Prussian, Austrian, and Russian empires. 184. Fay, Sidney B. Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia to 1786. New York: H. Holt, 1937. 155pp. As the state grew, much of its eastern territory was acquired at the expense of Poland. 185. Feldman, Jozef. Polish-German Antagonism in History. Toruri: Baltic Institute, 1935. 80pp. Presents the Polish viewpoint regarding its long-standing hatred of German aggression. 186. Friedberg, M. "Polish and German Culture: Native Elements and German Influences in the Structure and Civilization of Medieval Poland." Slavonic and East European Review 16 (1947), 282-285. 187. Gaweda, S. "Image of a Pole in Nineteenth Century Germany." Polish Western Affairs 19 (1978), 175-196. 188. Gorski, Karol. "Royal Prussian Estates in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century and Their Relation to the Crown of Poland." Ada Poloniae Historica 10 (1964), 49-64. 189. Gruenwald, Myron E. Pomeranians, the Persistent Pioneers = Pommern, die Beharrlichen Pioniere. Oshkosh, Wis.: Pommerschen Leute, 1987. 99pp. A brief history of the ancestors of the Pomeranian Germans who immigrated to Wisconsin in the mid-1900s. 190. Hagen, William W. Germans, Poles and Jews: The Nationality Conflict in the Prussian East, 1772-1914. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980. 406pp.

28

Polish-German Borderlands Examines all aspects of the development of German and Polish nationalism, primarily in the province of Posen.

191.

. "Impact of Economic Modernization on Traditional Nationality Relations in Prussian Poland, 1815-1914." Journal of Social History 6:3 (1973), 306-324.

192.

. "National Solidarity and Organic Work in Prussian Poland, 1815-1914." Journal of Modern History 44 (1972), 38-64. Documents the development of Polish self-help institutions that fostered national feelings in response to Prussian efforts to germanize its Polish population.

193.

. "Partitions of Poland and the Crisis of the Old Regime in Prussia, 1772-1806." Central European History 9:1 {1916\ 115-128.

194.

. "Poles, Germans, and Jews: The Nationality Conflict in Prussian Poland in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1971.

195. Haines, Michael R. Economic-Demographic Interrelations in Developing Agricultural Regions: A Case Study of Prussian Upper Silesia, 1840-1914. New York: Arno Press, 1977. 499pp. 196.

. "Economic-Demographic Interrelations in Developing Agricultural Regions: A Case Study of Prussian Upper Silesia, 18401914." Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1971.

197.

. "Population and Economic Change in Nineteenth-Century Eastern Europe: Prussian Upper Silesia, 1840-1913." Journal of Economic History 36:2 (1976), 334-358.

198. Hensel, Witold. Beginnings of the Polish State. Translated from PolisL Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1960. 178pp. Recent research on Polish prehistory was incorporated into this history of the Slavs in north-central Europe. 199. Herbert, Ulrich. History of Foreign Labor in Germany, 1880-1980: Seasonal Workers, Forced Workers, Guest Workers. Translated from German. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1990. 310pp. Includes a discussion of Polish laborers in Prussia and Germany in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the Prussian period Germans complained

The Borderlands before 1914

29

about Polish workers bringing their language and culture with them, and strict controls were placed on the Poles. 200. Hoffmann, Richard C. "Studies in the Rural Economy of the Duchy of Wroclaw, 1200-1530." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1970. DA31/06-A, p.2826. 201. Jakobczyk, Witold. "First Decade of the Prussian Settlement Commission's Activities, 1886-1897." Polish Review 17:1 (1972), 3-12. Describes one 19th century German effort to populate the eastern provinces with Germans by buying Polish land. 202. Jedlicki, Marian Z. [S.M. Marvey, pseud.] "German Settlement in Poland and the Rise of the Teutonic Order." 1950. Reprint. In Cambridge History of Poland. Vol. 1, pp. 125-147. New York: Octagon Books, 1971. Polish princes encouraged colonization of their provinces in the 13th-15th centuries, conferring on new towns the right to be governed by "German law." In addition, the Teutonic Order established towns with "German law," making an effort to germanize them at the same time. 203.

. Germany and Poland Through the Ages: Lecture Given on October 31, 1941, at Cambridge University. Cambridge, Eng.: Galloway & Porter, 1942. 23pp. Brief lecture on the early history of Poland and Germany, from the Polish point of view. Discusses "primitive German instincts" which include "the worship of brute force and violence."

204.

. Thousand Years of German Aggression. London: Barnard & Westwood, 1943. 116pp. Written during World War II to persuade the British that the chief characteristic of Germans has been a lust to conquer their Slav neighbors. When possible he uses quotes from Germans to illustrate their disdain for Poles.

205. Kaczmarczyk, Zdzislaw. "German Colonization in Medieval Poland in the Light of the Historiography of both Nations." Polish Western Affairs 11:1 (1970), 3-40. German scholars interpret medieval colonization in the borderlands to have been beneficial to the natives, bringing cultural, political and economic advantages. Polish scholars, on the other hand, believe that the Germans imposed themselves on a thriving culture and began an eastward expansion that culminated in World War n.

30

Polish-German Borderlands

206. Kaminski, Ted M. Polish Publicists and Prussian Politics: The Polish Press in Poznan During the Neu Kurs of Chancellor Leo von Caprivi, 1890-1894. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1988. 286pp. Examines the role of the Polish press in Poznan. Finds that relaxed Prussian controls allowed journalists to express opinions that had been suppressed during Bismarck's rule. The press was critical of any signs of germanization among the populace. 207.

. "Bismarck and the Polish Question: The 'Huldigungsfahrten1 to Varzin in 1894." Canadian Journal of History 23 (Aug. 1988), 235250.

208. Kaplan, Herbert H. First Partition of Poland. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962. 215pp. Discusses the circumstances of the Partition. Prussia's concerns with Pomerania and Posen are interwoven throughout the narrative. 209. Kieniewicz, Stefan. Emancipation of the Polish Peasantry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969. 285pp. Changing conditions in land use in Silesia, Pomerania, and Galicia finally precipitated changes in status and rights of Polish peasants. 210. Knoll, Paul W. "Stabilization of the Polish Western Frontier Under Casimirthe Great, 1333-1370." Polish Review 12:4 (1967), 3-29. With Poland's energies focused on its eastern boundaries during the 14th century, the western borders remained stable. 211. Koczy, L. "Drang Nach Osten." Poland and Germany 3:2 (1959), 1423; and 3:3 (1959), 18-31. 212. Koehl, Robert L. "Colonialism Inside Germany, 1886-1918." Journal of Modern History 25 (Sept. 1953), 255-272. Discusses the attitude of Prussia toward its Polish minority who lived in the borderlands of eastern Germany. 213. Kostrzewski, J6zef. Prehistory of Polish Pomerania. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1936. 104pp. Prehistoric Pomerania focused on the Vistula River, which connected it to the cultural center of Poland. Describes the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages and the tool and pottery remains of each. 214. Krollman, Christian. verlag, 1938. 73pp.

Teutonic Order in Prussia.

Elbing: Preussen-

The Borderlands before 1914

31

Recounts the history of the Order, including its colonization of eastern Prussia. 215. Kulak, Zbigniew. "Plans and Aims of Frederick II's Policy Towards Poland." Polish Western Affairs 11 (1981), 70-101. 216. Kulczycki, John J. "German Cultural Imperialism in Prussian Poland, 1871-1914." Russian and Slavic History (1977), 105-122. 217.

. "Polish Society in Poznania and the School Strikes of 19011907." Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1973.

218.

. School Strikes in Prussian Poland, 1901-1907. Boulder, Colo.: East European Monographs; New York: distributed by Columbia University Press, 1981. 279pp. Poles in Prussia refused to accept the imposition of German as the only language in their schools. This issue hardened Polish determination to promote Polish nationalism and lost support for Germany.

219.

. "Social Change in the Polish National Movement in Prussia Before World War I." Nationalities Papers 4 (1976), 17-53.

220. Labuda, Gerard. "Historiographic Analysis of the German Drang Nach Osten'." Polish Western Affairs 5 (1964), 221-265. 221.

. "Key Problems of the History of the Kashubs Against the Background of Pomeranian History." Polish Western Affairs 30:1 (1989), 31-50.

222.

. "Polish Western Frontier in the thousand-Year History of the Polish State and Nation." Polish Western Affairs 26:1 (1985), 3-28.

223.

. "Slavs in Nineteenth Century German Historiography." Polish Western Affairs 10 (1969), 194-196. German attitudes towards its Slavic neighbors changed after 1848, when conservative Prussians began to promote the idea of a German nation.

224.

. "Territorial, Ethical and Demographic Aspects of PolishGerman Relations in the Past." Polish Western Affairs 3:2 (1962), 223260.

225. Laskowski, Otton. Battle of Grunwald and the German Drang Nach Osten. London: Scottish-Polish Society, London Branch, 1942. 22pp. Explains the Polish victory over the Germans at the Battle of Grunwald.

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Polish-German Borderlands

226. Lowmianski, Henryk. Ancient Prussians. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1936. 109pp. Sketches the early history of the tribes of Prussians, including their political organization and culture. Maintains that the Prussians were on their way to becoming polonized if they hadn't been conquered by the Teutonic Order. 227. Manteuffel, Tadeusz. Formation of the Polish State: The Period of Ducal Rule, 963-1194. Translated from Polish. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1982. 171pp. Describes the development of the early Polish kingdom, the process of unifying the Slav tribes, and the incursions of German interests. 228. Molik, W. "Policy of Prussian Authorities Towards the Polish Intelligentsia in the Grand Duchy of Poznan in 1848-1914." Polish Western Affairs 22:1-2 (1981), 151-169. 229. Morrow, Ian F. D. "Prussianisation of the Poles: Historical Retrospect." Slavonic and East European Review 15 (1936-37), 153-164. 230. Murdzek, Benjamin P. "Population Movements in the Polish Provinces of Prussia, Russia and Austria, 1870-1914: Policies and Attitudes." Ph.D. diss., American University, 1960. 465pp. DA 21/05, p. 1177. 231. Onslow, Richard W. "Polish Self-help Under Prussian Rule, 18861908." Slavonic and East European Review 10 (June 1931), 126-137. 232. Orzechowski, Marian. "Statistics and Language Maps as a Tool of Prussian Nationalist Policy." Polish Western Affairs 6:1 (1965), 197217. 233. Pagel, Karl, ed. German East. Translated from German. Berlin: K. Lemmer, 1954. 151pp. The essays, which are an extension of a exhibition that toured western Germany, describe centuries of German cultural achievements in the borderlands given to Poland after World War n. 234. Peal, David. "Self-Help and the State: Rural Cooperatives in Imperial Germany." Central European History 21 (Sept. 1988), 244-266. 235. Polish Encyclopedia. Geneva: Committee for the Polish Encyclopaedic Publications at Fribourg and Geneva, 1922-26. Reprint. New York: Arno Press, 1972. 3 vols.

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33

Vols. 2 and 3 contain valuable information about the history, civilization, natural resources, and geography of Prussian Poland. 236. Pomeranian Customs and Culture. West Allis, Wis.: Pommerscher VereinFreistadt, 1986. 61pp. A nostalgic description of the nineteenth century customs and culture that Pomeranian German immigrants brought to Wisconsin. 237. Popiolek, K. "1848 in Silesia: Prussian Silesia." Slavonic and East European Review 26 (1948), 374-384. 238. Problems of the Stone Age in Pomerania. Warsaw: Wydwnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 1986. 282pp. Based on a symposium held in Slupsk, Poland, in 1981. Essays examine the Neolithic period and Mesolithic settlement in light of pottery evidence, the flint industry, and postglacial vegetation. 239. Rose, William J. "Prussian Poland, 1850-1914." 1941. Reprint. In Cambridge History of Poland. Vol. 2, 409-431. New York: Octagon Books, 1971. Sketches the attempts by Prussian officials to quelch the Polishness of the eastern provinces and the determination of Poles to retain and encourage the use of their language, religion, and culture. 240.

. Rise of Polish Democracy. London: G. Bell, 1944. 253pp. Describes the steps by which the Polish people developed nationalistic and democratic feelings in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While the Poles in the Austrian Empire and the Russian Empire felt some loyalty towards their rulers, the Prussians never managed to inspire loyalty in the peasants.

241. Rosenthal, Harry. "German-Polish Relations in the Caprivi Era." Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1967. DA 28/05-A, p. 1774. 242.

. "Germans and Poles in 1890: Possibilities for a New Course." East European Quarterly 5 (1971), 302-312.

243.

. "Poles, Prussians and Elementary Education in Nineteenth Century Posen." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 1 (1973), 209-218.

244.

. "Prussian View of the Pole: Significance of the Year 1894." Polish Review 16 (1972), 13-20. Finally in 1894 with the founding of the "Hakatist" Society, whose purpose was to oppose Polish advances into the German east, Polish society

34

Polish-German Borderlands received some respect from Germans instead of being dismissed as unworthy of notice.

245.

. "Rivalry Between Notables and Townspeople in Prussian Poland: The First Round." Slavonic and East European Review 49 (1971), 68-79.

246. Schofer, Lawrence. "Communities of Miners in Upper Silesia: Trade Unions, the Catholic Church, and Nationality Conflict, 1865-1914." Research in the Sociology of Work (1981), 205-225. 247.

. Formation of a Modern Labor Force: Upper Silesia, 18651914. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975. 213pp. Emphasizes the economic aspects of the emergence of an industrial working class in Silesia, rather than the conflicts between Germans and Poles.

248.

. "Patterns of Worker Protest: Upper Silesia, 1865-1914." Journal of Social History 5:4 (1972), 447-463. Silesian working class protests focused around working conditions and workers' rights in late 19th century. By the pre-World War I period workers were agitating for better wages.

249. Skurnowicz, Joan S. "Polish National Idea in the Life and Works of Joachim Lelewel." Ph.D. diss., University of Wisconsin, 1972. 286pp. DA33/06-A,p.2871. 250. Slaski, Kaiimierz. "Polish Post-War Research on the History of Pomerania." Polish Western Affairs 2:2 (1961), 340-352. 251. Slavenas, Julius P. "Polish Parliamentarians in the North German Reichstag, 1867-1870." Polish Review 19 (1974), 71-76. 252. Socha-Borzestowski, B. "Kashubs of Pomerania." Poland and Germany 3:3 (1959), 32-37. 253. Stephan, Werner P. "Nationalism and Education: Prusso-Polish Case in the Grand Duchy of Posen, 1815-1850." Ph.D. diss., University of Alberta, 1977. 254. Strzelczyk, J. "Slavic and Germanic Peoples in Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages." Polish Western Affairs 19:2(1988), 163-182.

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35

255. Symmons-Symonolewicz, Konstantin. National Consciousness in Poland: Origin and Evolution. Meadville, Pa.: Maplewood Press, 1983. 68pp. Describes events from the tenth century to the nineteenth that led the Poles to consider themselves a nation. Many issues involved opposing the eastward expansion of the Germans. 256. Thomas, William I. "Prussian-Polish Situation: An Experiment in Assimilation." American Journal of Sociology 19 (1913-14), 624-639. 257. Tims, Richard W. Germanizing Prussian Poland: The H-K-T Society and the Struggle for the Eastern Marches in the German Empire, 18941919. 1941. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1966. 312pp. Chronicles the clash between nationalistic organizations in eastern Germany and the newly-developed ethnic pride of Poles in Prussian Poland. 258.

. "Germanizing Prussian Poland: The H-K-T Society and the Struggle for the Eastern Marches in the German Empire, 1894-1919." Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1942. 312pp.

259. Topolski, Jerzy. "Development of the Absolute Prussian State and Prussia's Role in the Partitions of Poland." Polish Western Affairs 11 (1981), 24-39. 260.

. "Partitions of Poland in German and Polish Historiography." Polish Western Affairs 13:1 (1972), 3-42.

261.

. "Polish-Prussian Frontier During the Period of the first Partition, 1772-1777." Polish Western Affairs 10:1 (1969), 81-110.

262. Trzeciakowski, Lech. "Image of a German Held by Polish Public Opinion during the Period of Partitions." Polish Western Affairs 19:2 (1978), 197-202. 263.

. Kulturkampf in Prussian Poland. Translated from Polish. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. 223pp. Examines the attempts of Germany to consolidate its hold on its eastern lands through suppression of Polish nationalism and the Polish Catholic church. The Poles rose to the defense of the church, and as a consequence, Polish nationalism grew stronger.

264.

. "Prussian State and the Catholic Church in Prussian Poland, 1871-1914." Slavic Review 26:4 (1967), 618-637.

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Polish-German Borderlands In Prussian Poland Polish Catholic churchmen found themselves speaking out in defense of their fellow nationals. Cardinal Ledochowski was imprisoned by Prussian authorities for doing so.

265. Turek-Kwiatkowska, L. "Historical Consciousness of Pomeranian Society in the 19th Century." Polish Western Affairs 31:1-2 (1990), 97112. 266. Urban, William L. Prussian Crusade. Lanham, Md.: University of America, 1980. 459pp. Traces the history of the Teutonic Knights in the thirteenth century when the Knights were first welcomed by the Polish monarchy and then opposed when the Order annexed Pomerania and moved its headquarters to Marienburg. 267. Wandycz, Piotr S. Lands of Partitioned Poland, 1795-1918. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington, 1974. 431pp. Examines the history of Poland when divided among three empires and finds that Polish culture was important in keeping nationalism alive. 268. Wasilewski, Leon. Nationalities in Pomerania. Torun: Baltic Institute; London: J.S. Gergson, 1934. 53pp. Describes the ethnic character of Polish Pomerania, the efforts of Germans to germanize it, and the defensive actions of its people to remain Polish. 269. Widajewicz, Jozef. Western Slavs on the Baltic. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1936. 49pp. Sketches the early history of the borderlands, including German migrations, early Slav settlements, and the development of the Polish monarchy. 270. Wojciechowski, Zygmunt. Mieszko I and the Rise of the Polish State. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1936. 233pp. Traces the early history of western Poland and the conflicts with Germans in Pomerania. 271.

. Territorial Development of Prussia in Relation to the Polish Homelands. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1936. 78pp. Finds that ancestral Polish lands extended to the Oder River in the tenth century when Polish Slavs controlled those parts of Silesia and Pomerania.

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272. Wojtun, Bronislaw S. "Demographic Transition in West Poland, 18161914." Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1968. 457pp. DA 29/10-A, p.3307. 273. Young, Anne P. "Bismarck's Policy Towards the Poles, 1870-1890." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1952. 247pp. 274. Zajaczkowski, Stanislaw. Rise and Fall of the Teutonic Order in Prussia. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1935. 97pp. Presents the history of the Teutonic Knights from the Polish point of view. 275. Znaniecki, Florjan. Sociology of the Struggle for Pomerania. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 57pp. States that "the Polish-German struggle for Pomerania has already lasted for ten centuries." Documents the attempts to germanize the Poles and their resistance. Is puzzled by the lack of hatred for Germans in Poland in contrast to much hatred for Poles in Germany.

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Chapter 3

WORLD WAR I ERA THROUGH 1921 The disruption of World War I gave Poles fresh hope of having their nation reconstituted. Polish nationalists promoted their cause to the western powers who would write the treaty ending the war. The Germans were on the losing side and feared the breakup of their empire. In print German publicists defended the importance of vulnerable provinces, including those in the borderlands. Polish diplomats successfully justified their need for access to a Baltic seaport if the new Poland were to become economically self-sufficient. The territorial loss suffered by Germany became known as the Polish Corridor. Both the Corridor and the internationalization of Danzig at the mouth of the Vistula River became sources of ongoing German-Polish conflict during the interwar years. After the Versailles Peace Conference re-established Poland, it ordered plebiscites to be held in disputed regions where there were not clear majorities of Poles or Germans. One such plebiscite was held in Upper Silesia in 1921. Both Germany and Poland campaigned to win the majority of votes and persuade the western powers of the lightness of their cause. THE WAR AND THE VERSAILLES PEACE CONFERENCE 276. Albee, Parker B. "American and Allied Policies at the Paris Peace Conference: The Drawing of the Polish-German Frontier." Ph.D. diss., Duke University, 1968. 226pp. DA29/04-A,p.ll86.

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277. Alma-Tadema, Laurence. Poland, Russia and the War. London: St. Catherine Press, 1915. 31pp. Suggests to her British audience that after the war Poland will ally with Russia because Poland and Prussia are "death-foes." Believes that Russia can't be held responsible for its role in the Partitions because it wasn't free at the time. 278. Are the Eastern Provinces of Germany Indisputably Polish Territories? Berlin: Reichsverband Ostschutz, 1919. 13pp. Demonstrates with statistics that Germans represent a large percentage of the population in the eastern Reich. One of the pamphlets prepared for the Peace Conference. 279. Askenazy, Simon. Dantzig and Poland. Translated from Polish. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1921. 132pp. Sketches the history of Gdansk and then asserts that the city is "Poland's rightful, time-worn heritage," and should be within the Polish state. 280. Benson, Edward F. Poland and Mittel-Europa. New York: Hodder and Stoughton, 1918. 48pp. Promotes the idea of re-creating the Polish state as a bulwark against "the soaking of the corrosive German acid eastward." 281.

. White Eagle of Poland. New York: G.H. Doran Co., 1919. 243pp. Restoration of Poland is necessary to limit German imperialism.

282. Bostick, Darwin. "Diplomacy in Defeat: Germany and the Polish Boundary Dispute in 1919." Historical Reflections 4 (1977), 171-189. 283. Boswell, A. Bruce. Poland and the Poles. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1919. 313pp. A dispassionate view of Poland based on personal experiences. 284. Bourret, Mary-Louise. "German-Polish Frontier of 1919 and SelfDetermination." Ph.D. diss., Stanford University, 1945. 384pp. An extensive examination of German and Polish attitudes, both official and journalistic, at the time of the Paris Peace Conference, regarding their common border. Has an excellent bibliography, including the "authentic propaganda publications " distributed by both the German and Polish delegations. 285. Burke, Eldon R. "PolishPolicy of the Central Powers During the World War." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1936. 115pp.

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World War I Era through 1921

Finds that Austria's lack of consistency and Germany's harshness encouraged unity and cooperation among Poles during the war. 286. Cams, P. "Poles and Their Gothic Descent." Open Court 31 (June 1917), 355-371. 287.

. "Slav and Goth." Open Court 31 (Sept. 1917), 569-572.

288. Chisholm, G. G. "Free City of Danzig." (April 1920), 305-309.

Geographical Journal 55

289. Cienciala, Anna. "Battle of Danzig and the Polish Corridor at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919." In Reconstruction of Poland, 1914-23, edited by Paul Latawski. London: Macmillan Press, in association with the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London, 1992. 217pp. Examines the issues that impacted on the decisions made by the plenipotentiaries at the Conference. 290. Comad, Joseph, pseud. [Jozef Korzeniowski] Polish Question: A Note on the Joint Protectorate of the Western Powers and Russia. London: Privately Printed by Clement Shorter, 1919. 13pp. Conrad's first visit to Poland in 30 years happened to coincide with the outbreak of World War I. After returning to England, he published his experiences in the London Daily News in the spring of 1915. These columns were later published as pamphlets. 291.

. My Return to Cracow. Circulation, 1919. 23pp.

London: Printed for Private

292.

. Shock of War Through Germany to Cracow. London: Printed for Private Circulation, 1919. 17pp.

293.

. To Poland in War-Time, a Journey into the East. London: Printed for Private Circulation, 1919. 20pp.

294. Dantzig. Paris: C. Courmont for the Polish Commission of Work Preparatory to the Conference of Peace, 1919. 31pp. Describes the Polish history of the city; a pamphlet prepared for the Peace Conference to present the Polish point of view. 295. Dmowski, Roman. Problems of Central and Eastern Europe. London, 1917. 89pp. Advocates drawing the border west of Upper Silesia, Posnania, and West

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Polish-German Borderlands Prussia so Poland can have political and economic independence, and be a deterrent to German eastern aggression.

296. Dominian, Leon. Frontiers of Language and Nationality in Europe. New York: Published for the American Geographical Society of New York by Henry Holt, 1917. 375pp. This applied geography study examines the correlation between language and national boundaries. One chapter focuses on Poland. 297. Drogoslaw, pseud. Poland and the Polish Nation. Translated from Polish. London: Published for the Polish Information Committee by Saint Catherine Press, 1917? 106pp. Argues that Poland is capable of forming a viable nation, using as proof its glorious past and its devotion to intellectual pursuits. 298. Dutcher, George M. "Question of Poland, 1917." Quarterly 17 (April 1918), 128-135.

South Atlantic

299. Evans, Geoffrey. Tannenberg 1410: 1914. London: H. Hamilton, 1970. 206pp. The Polish army defeated the Teutonic Knights at Tannenberg (known as Grunwald in Polish) in 1410. This area was again a battlefield in World War I. 300. Freytag, Hermann K. E. Thorn, a German City. Danzig, 1919. 9pp. Describes the German background and history of the city. One of the pamphlets distributed by Germany at the Paris Peace Conference. 301. German Economic Policy in Poland: Reprinted from the Times, November 25, 26 & 27, 1915. London: Polish Information Committee, 1915. 24pp. Describes Germany's war-time ruthlessness in Russian Poland, which it occupies. 302. Gerson, Louis L. Woodrow Wilson and the Rebirth of Poland, 19141920: A Study in the Influence on American Policy of Minority Groups of Foreign Origin. Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1972. 166pp. Examines the re-establishment of Poland and the question of its boundaries from the point of view of the influence of Polish-Americans on American foreign policy. 303.

. "Woodrow Wilson and the Rebirth of Poland, 1914-1920." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1952. 247pp.

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304. Gibbons, Herbert A. Reconstruction of Poland and the Near East. New York: Century, 1917. 218pp. Presents a war-time view of Poland's desire for independence versus Germany's interest in maintaining the status quo. First written as a series of articles for Century magazine. 305. Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section. Peace Handbooks. London: H.M.S.O., 1919-1920. The handbooks were compiled by the Foreign Office for the Paris Peace Conference, and then released to the public. For a given area, each handbook covers physical and economic geography, climate, political history, social conditions, population distribution, commerce, industry, and finance. The titles on the borderlands are: East and West Prussia, Prussian Silesia (Oppeln), Poland: General Sketch of History, 15691772, Upper Silesia, and Prussian Poland. 306. Grove, William R. War's Aftermath: Polish Relief in 1919. With a Chapter on Poland of 1940, by Stefan de Ropp. New York: House of Field, 1940. 223pp. Personal diary and reports of colleagues from a member of the American Relief Administration's mission to Poland. He describes the plight of people who were stranded in the war-torn areas. In 1919 he visited the Danzig mission to observe the distribution of aid. 307. Harley, John H. "Prussianism and the Poles." Living Age 288 (Feb. 5, 1916), 329-337. 308. Haskins, Charles H., and Robert H. Lord. Some Problems of the Peace Conference. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1920. 307pp. The essays were first presented as lectures given at the Lowell Institute. In speaking of Poland, Lord notes that the Polish-German boundary was difficult to set. The Germans weren't happy with the results, but that isn't surprising. Many Germans in the Polish corridor have no right to be there. 309. Hazen, Charles D. "Prussianism in Poland." World's Work 37 (Nov. 1918), 39-44. 310. Herm, Edwin A. University, 1931.

"Restoration of Poland." Ph.D. diss., Georgetown

311. Hill, Ninian. Poland and the Polish Question: Impressions and Afterthoughts. London: G. Allen & Unwin; New York: F.A. Stokes, 1915. 335pp.

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Polish-German Borderlands Presents views on the current Polish situation after a visit to Poland in 1913.

312. Hinks, A. R. "Boundary Delimitations in the Treaty of Versailles." Geographical Journal 54 (1919), 103-113. 313. How Prussia Governed Poland. Translated from French. Geneva: Committee for the Polish Encyclopedia, 1918. 131pp. These extracts from a longer French work were distributed at the Paris Peace Conference to represent the Polish point of view. Details the oppressive germanization policies of the Prussian authorities. 314. Jasienski, Alexander M. Reborn Poland. New York: Lisiegki Press, 1919. 43pp. 315. Kadlubowski, John F. "Experts and Poland's Frontiers at the Paris Peace Conference." Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland, College Park, 1977. 395pp. DA38/08-A,p.4982. 316. Kaltenbach, Frederick W. Self-Determination, 1919: A Study in Frontier-Making Between Germany and Poland. London: Jarrolds Publishers, 1938. 150pp. Examines the issues surrounding the establishment of the post-war German-Polish boundary from the point of view of the principle of national self-determination as it was applied to the districts of Upper Silesia, Poznan, and Pomerania. 317. Kaufinann, Josef. Relation Between the Germans, Poles, and Cassubians in West Prussia and Danzig. Translated from German. Danzig: Printed by A.W. Kafemann, 1919. 35pp. The German character of West Prussia was attacked by Polish authorities in the late medieval period. Forced polonization took place. Only after 1806 were Germans again able to embrace their own culture. One of the German pamphlets prepared for the Paris Peace Conference. 318. Keyser, Erich. Importance of Germans and Slavs for Western Prussia, with a Map of Nationalities. Danzig, 1919. 13pp. Stresses the extensive spread of the German population in West Prussia and notes the superiority of its language and culture. One of the German pamphlets prepared for the Peace Conference. 319. Komarnicki, Tytus. Rebirth of the Polish Republic: A Study in the Diplomatic History of Europe, 1914-1920. London: W. Heinemann, 1957. 776pp.

World War I Era through 1921

45

Examines the diplomatic history of the re-establishment of the Polish nation after World War I. 320. Konopszynski, Ladislas. Brief Outline of Polish History. Translated from Polish. Geneva, 1919. 140pp. Details the defensive measures taken by Poles in Prussian Poland to provide economic self-help in the face of German adventurers who were encouraged to buy Polish land at low prices. One of the Polish pamphlets distributed at the Peace Conference. 321. Kowalczyk, Jan J. Prussian Poland: A Stronghold of German Militarism, if Reunited with the Whole Polish Nation to an Independent State, One of the Strongest Pillars of the Future European Peace. Copenhagen: Printed by E.H. Petersen, 1917. 66pp. Cautions that all German land east of the Sudeten Mountains and the Oder River was "acquired by conquest or robbery, and it was germanized by violence, lawlessness and oppression." Would draw the PolishGerman boundary a little east of the Oder River. 322. Kozicki, Stanislaw. "Poles Under Prussian Rule." Nineteenth Century and After %3 (1918), 1210-1224. 323. Kucharski, Rajmund. Poland's Struggle for Independence. London: Polish Information Committee, 1916. 48pp. Details the nineteenth-century history of Poland's efforts to regain its sovereignty. 324. Lamia, Joseph. Rebellion in the Province of Posen. Berlin: C. Heymann, 1919. 52pp. Presents the German point of view regarding the unrest in Posen in 191819. 325. League of Nations. Free City of Danzig: Report by His Excellency Viscount Ishii (Japanese Representative), and Resolution Adopted by the Council on November 17, 1920. Geneva, 1920. 8pp. The report and subsequent resolution give details regarding the governing of Danzig and its relations with the new state of Poland. 326. Ledochowska, Julie. Poland Ravaged and Bereaved!: A Lecture Delivered at Copenhagen on the 19th November 1915. Preface by Henryk Sienkiewicz. London: Published for the Polish Information Committee by Saint Catherine Press, 1916? 19pp. Describes in heart-rending detail the devastation in Poland after eighteen

46

Polish-German Borderlands months of war with Germany. Entreats audience to give to Polish relief agencies.

327. Liddell, M. F. "Danzig, Past and Present" Contemporary Review 117 (March 1920), 380-385. 328. Lipkowski, J6zef. Polish Question and the Slavs of Central Europe, with an Ethnographical and Eight Historical Maps of Poland. Paris: In Storage at the Direction of Polonia, 1915? 161pp. Expects that Poles will continue to be faithful to Russia after the war. Includes supplement: "The Next Peace Congress and the Polish Question: Poles, Ruthenians and Lithuanians, with Ethnographical Map of the Slav Race." (96pp.), which discusses the projected peace conference and the anticipated treaty setting new national boundaries in central Europe. 329. Litwinski, Leon de. "Polish and British Interests at Dantzig." Polish Review 2:3 (Dec. 1918), 255-266. 330. Luckau, Alma M. German Delegation at the Paris Peace Conference. New York: Columbia University Press, 1941. 522pp. Recounts the German efforts to present their viewpoint to the conference. Includes the copies of the documents which Germany assembled. 331. Lundgreen-Nielsen, Kay. Polish Problem at the Paris Peace Conference: A Study of the Policies of the Great Powers and the Poles, 1918-1919. Odense: Odense University Press, 1979. 603pp. Observes that the Polish cause was harmed because both Pilsudski and Dmowski sought to speak for all Poles at the conference. 332. Lutoslawski, Wincenty. Gdansk and East Prussia. Paris: Polish Commission of Work Preparatory to the Conference of Peace, 1919. 47pp. Sets forth the argument that control of Gdansk is crucial for the economic and political survival of the new Polish state because it will give it a sea port. One of the Polish pamphlets prepared for the Peace Conference. 333. Marriott, J. A. R. "Prussia, Poland and Ireland." Edinburgh Review 225 (Jan. 1917), 158-177. 334. Monstrous Peace Conditions of Versailles and What They Mean to the Western Districts of the Province of Posen. Berlin: Vereinigte Deutsche Volksraete der Kreise Birnbaum, Bomst, Meseritz, Neutomischel und Schwerin, 1919. 8pp. The United People's Councils of the western districts of Posen greatly

World War I Era through 1921

47

feared being on the Polish side of the border. This pamphlet presents a statistical analysis of the 1910 census showing the high percentage of Germans in the area. One of the German pamphlets written for the Peace Conference. 335. Morel, Eugene. Polish Problem. London: Union of Democratic Control, 1916? 20pp. Briefly sketches the current division of Poland among three rulers and encourages a solution that is in accord with Polish aspirations. 336. Mueller, Luther A. "Triumph of Polish Nationalism and the ReEstablishment of the Polish State with Special Emphasis on Posnania and Pomerania." PhD.diss., Western Reserve University, 1960. 337. Nalkowski, Waclaw. Poland as a Geographical Entity. London: Published for the Polish Information Committee by Allen & Unwin, 1917. 63pp. Argues for the restoration of the Polish nation and for the Oder River as its western border, on the basis of its geography. 338. Namier, Lewis B. "Danzig: Poland's Outlet to the Sea." Nineteenth Century and After %\ (Feb. 1917), 300-305. 339. National Conditions in the German-Polish Border Territories. Berlin: Printed by the Reichsdruckerei, 1919. 23pp. Focuses on every border district individually, pointing out the predominance of Germans in each. 340. Newbigin, Marion I. Aftermath, a Geographical Study of the Peace Terms. London: Macmillan, 1920. 128pp. Gives a detailed description of the changes in European boundaries, with one chapter on Poland. Is skeptical that the solution of Danzig as an international state will last very long. 341. Noroniecki, Henryk. "Poles and Germans." Polish Review 1 (1917), 1633. 342. Olechowski, Gustav. Poland and Prussia. Copenhagen: Printed by E.H. Petersens Kgl. H-of-Bogtry-Kkeri, 1916. 62pp. Discusses the restoration of Poland's political liberty, and urges that Danzig be included in a new Poland. Finds Danzig's germanization to be quite superficial and is convinced that Poland will be tolerant of her national minority groups.

48

Polish-German Borderlands

343. Petzold, Kurt Is Upper Silesia German or Polish?: An Examination According to Wilson's Principles. Breslau: Press Dept of the People's Council at Breslau, Central Council of the Province of Silesia, 1919. 36pp. Argues for the German character of Upper Silesia, explaining that Silesian Polish is a dialect that "real" Poles can't understand. Upper Silesian culture is German, not Polish. 344. Phillips, Walter A. Poland. New York: Henry Holt, 1916? 256pp. Pleads to the Allies to rescue the Polish people from oppression and occupation by the Prussians. 345. Piotrowski, N. L. "Poles under German Rule." Magazine, New York Times 5 (Dec. 1916), 473-477.

Current History

346. Poland Under the Germans. London: Sir J. Causton & Sons, 1916. 30pp. The pamphlet is a collection of articles first published in the London Times and the New Statesman. The articles describe the German conduct of the war in Poland and the suffering of the Polish people. 347. Poland Under the Germans. London: Complete Press, 1917. 44pp. A second collection of reprinted newspaper and magazine articles describing the German occupation of Poland. 348. "Poland's Boundary Conflicts: Settling the Danzig Problem." Current History Magazine, New York Times 10:1 (May 1919), 298-302. 349. Poland's Case for Independence: Being a Series of Essays Illustrating the Continuance of Her National Life. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1916. 352pp. Argues to the British public that Poland should be restored to nationhood, in part because she has manifested an "indestructible vitality [and] has a right to the independence which she has so strongly craved." 350. Polish Question As an International Problem. London: Published for the Polish Information Committee by G. Allen & Unwin, 1916. 63pp. Sketches the history of the Polish Partitions and subsequent insurrections, emphasizing the attitudes of other European nations toward Poland's plight 351. Report of the Commission on Polish Affairs of the Allied and Associated Powers. Washington: U.S. State Dept, 1919. 2 vols. Vol. 1 contains a detailed description of the border between Germany and

World War I Era through 1921

49

Poland, explaining which villages would be on each side, etc. Vol. 2 has the same details for Poland's eastern frontier. 352. Rose, Alexander. Germans and Poles in Upper Silesia. Berlin, 1919. 64pp. Examines the economic aspects of the Upper Silesian problem and finds that the region has more in common with Germany than with Poland. One of the German pamphlets prepared for the Peace Conference. 353. Rose, William J. "My mission from Silesia." Polish Review 2:3 (Dec. 1918), 213-226. 354. Schrader, H. H. Treatment of National Minorities in the Republic of Poland. Berlin, 1920. 27pp. 355. Seeds of Conflict, Series 1. Irredentist and Nationalist Questions in Central Europe, 1913-1939. Nendeln, Liechtenstein: Krause Reprint, 1973. Vol. 4, "Danzig" reprints 11 documents, of which 1 is in English, written by Wincenty Lutoslawski for the Paris Peace Conference, and cited elsewhere in this chapter. Vol. 8, "Poland" reprints 28 documents, 2 of which are in English and on the borderlands: Upper Silesia, Her Economic Union with Other Polish Territories, written by the Polish Committee of Work Preparatory to the Conference of Peace, 1919 (12pp.), and Truth about Upper Silesia, a speech made by A. Wierzbieki, and cited elsewhere in this chapter. 356. Syski, Alexander. United States of Poland. Boston: Polish-American Citizens Committee, 1919. 25pp. Recommends that restored Poland be a unified country of Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, and White Ruthenians to make it strong. Also urges that Danzig be included to give Poland access to the Baltic Sea. 357. Toynbee, A. J. Destruction of Poland: A Study in German Efficiency. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1916. 30pp. Describes how Germany is draining manpower and resources from Poland. Quotes many witnesses to the effect that people are starving and goods are scarce. 358. Turczynowicz, Laura de Gozdawa. When the Prussians Came to Poland: The Experiences of an American Woman During the German Invasion. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1916. 281pp. A vivid first-person account of the brutal German invasion and occupation of Poland in World War I.

50

Polish-German Borderlands

359. Weiss, Maurice. Some Facts Concerning the German Element in Posen and West Prussia. Berlin: G. Stilke, 1919. 84pp. Presents population statistics to show the ethnological distribution of Poles and Germans in Posen and West Prussia. One of the German pamphlets distributed at the Peace Conference. 360. Wendt, Heinrich. Silesia and the Peace of the World: A Memorial of the Silesian History Society. Breslau, 1919. 25pp. The German point of view regarding the importance of allowing Silesia to remain in Germany. One of the pamphlets distributed at the Paris Peace Conference. 361. Witkowstti, Peter A. "Roman Dmowski and the Thirteenth Point." Ph.D. diss., Indiana University, 1981. 492pp. DA 42/07-A, p.3267. 362. Woolsey, T. S. "Rights of Minorities Under the Treaty with Poland." American Journal of International Law 14 (1920), 392-396. 363. Woroniecki, Henryk. "Poles and Germans." Polish Review 1:1 (Jan. 1917), 16-33. UPPER SILESIAN PLEBISCITE 364. Blanke, Richard. "Upper Silesia, 1921: The Case for Subjective Nationality." Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism 1:1 (Spring 1975), 241-260. 365. Campbell, F. Gregory. "Straggle for Upper Silesia, 1919-1922." Journal of Modern History 42 (1970), 361-385. 366. Cecil, R. "Question of Upper Silesia." Nineteenth Century and After 90 (Dec. 1921), 961-970. 367. Cocherell, F. P. "Upper Silesia and the League." Fortnightly Review 116 (1921), 685-696. 368. Finch, G. A. "Upper Silesia." American Journal of International Law 16 (Jan. 1922), 75-80. 369. Firich, Charles T. Polish Character of Upper Silesia, According to Official Prussian Sources, and the Results of the Plebiscite. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Central Polish Plebiscite Committee, 1921. 40pp. Suggests several reasons why the plebiscite was in favor of the Germans,

51

World War I Era through 1921

including importing German immigrants into the area, leaving the German bureaucracy in place, and allowing German landowners to intimidate their Polish peasants. 370. German Martyrdom in Upper Silesia: Atrocities and Acts of Oppression Perpetrated by the Poles During the Third Insurrection in Upper Silesia in May and June 1921. N.p., 1921. 43 p. 371. Grey, R. "Problem of Upper Silesia." National Review 11 (June 1921), 503-513. 372. Griffith, S. A. "Onlooker in Upper Silesia." North American Review 214 (1921), 1-12. 373. Handzik, Helmut. "Germany and the Upper Silesian Question, 19181921." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1963. 102pp. 374. Harrington, Joseph F., Jr. "League of Nations and the Upper Silesian Boundary Dispute, 1921-22." Polish Review 23:3 (1978), 86-101. 375.

. "Third Polish Uprising in Upper Silesia, 1921: A Case Study in Anglo-French Relations." New Review of East-European History 14 (1974), 78-91.

376.

. "Upper Silesia and the Paris Peace Conference." Polish Review 19:2 (1974), 25-45. Discusses the problems of Silesia as divided by the Peace Conference, with many ethnic Poles left under German control.

377.

. "Upper Silesia as an International Problem, 1919-1922." Ph.D. diss., Georgetown University, 1971. DA 32/04 A, p.2029.

378. Hinks, A. R. "Plebiscite Area of Upper Silesia." (Feb. 12, 1920), 101-107.

New Europe 14

379. Indissolubility of the Economic Bonds Between Upper Silesian Industries and Poland: Even the Representatives of the Great German Industries Asserted This in Their Secret Memorial Presented in the Year 1915. Warsaw: Published by the Central Plebiscite Committee, 1921. 25pp. Points out the importance of Upper Silesia becoming Polish territory after the plebiscite. 380. Komarnicki, Tytus. "Upper Silesia Forty Years Ago." Germany 5:2 (1961), 8-15.

Poland and

52

Polish-German Borderlands

381. Kramsztyk, Georges. Economic Value of Upper Silesia for Poland and Germany Respectively: Materials Collected from Official Statistics. Translated from French. Waterloo, Eng.: St. Catherine Press, 1920. 22pp. American title: Upper Silesia in Its Economic Relation to Poland and Germany. New York: American-Polish Chamber of Commerce. Uses statistics on production and consumption to show that Upper Silesia and the rest of Poland form a linked economic unit. They need each other more than Germany needs Upper Silesia. Written before the plebiscite. 382. Miller, David Hunter. Opinion on the Question of Upper Silesia Written at the Request of the government of Germany, and Transmitted by the German Government to the League of Nations, to the Governments of Great Britain, France, and to the Vatican. New York: Appeal Printing Co., 1921. 30pp. Speaks to the issue of nationalism in Upper Silesia before the plebiscite was conducted. 383. Osborne, Sidney, ed. Problem of Upper Silesia. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1921. 180pp. Assembles essays that give the various viewpoints of contending parties in the Upper Silesian dispute. Published after the plebiscite. 384.

. Upper Silesian Question and Germany's Coal Problem. 2d ed. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1921. 285pp. Argues that Upper Silesia should not have been divided between Germany and Poland because it constitutes an economic, political and historical unit that is German. Poland has no real claim to the region.

385. Paton, H. J. "Upper Silesia." Journal of International Affairs 1 (1922), 14-28. 386. "Problem of Upper Silesia." National Review 16 (Sept. 1920), 63-70. 387. Problem of Upper Silesia and the Reconstruction of Europe's Economics. Breslau: Chamber of Commerce, 1921. 21pp. Presents the German argument that Upper Silesia in German control is essential for the recovery of Europe. Poland is guilty of using secret societies, terrorism, and outside money to influence the plebiscite vote. "In the hands of Poland, Upper Silesia would be a gate for Russian Bolshevism!" 388. Rice, S. "Upper Silesian Question." Fortnightly Review 116 (1921), 255-265.

World War I Era through 1921

53

389. Romer, Eugeniusz. Economical Conditions of Upper Silesia and the Policy of the German State. Warsaw: Printed by E. & Dr. K. Kozianski, 1921. 15pp. Uses official German documents to prove that Upper Silesia has been ruined by the German government. 390. Rosenthal, Harry K. "National Self-Determination: The Example of Upper Silesia." Journal of Contemporary History 7:3-4 (1972), 231-241. Over the centuries the people of Upper Silesia have been less concerned with national loyalty and more apt to follow their economic and political interests. 391. Rzymowski, Wincenty. Upper Silesia and Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: International Publication Society, 1921. 48pp. 392. Third Rising in Upper Silesia, May-June 1921. Berlin, 1921. 56pp. Describes the Polish uprising and resulting Polish atrocities, pillages, and devastation, using official German reports, photographs, and copies of Polish documents. 393. Tooley, T. Hunt. "German Political Violence and the Border Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, 1919-1921." Central European History 21:1 (March 1988), 56-98. 394. Upper Silesia in Its Economic Relation to Poland and Germany. New York: American-Polish Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 1921? 19pp. A pamphlet issued by the American organization to inform its members of the importance of Upper Silesia to Poland. 395. Volz, Wilhelm T. Economic-Geographical Foundations of the Upper Silesian Question. Berlin: Verlag von Georg Stilke, 1921. 91pp. Describes the geography and natural resources of Upper Silesia and gives statistics concerning the nationality of the population. Two chapters charge Poland with stealing part of Upper Silesia from Germany by the plebiscite vote. 396. Wambaugh, Sarah. Plebiscites Since the World War. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1933. 2 vols. Contains a scholarly and dispassionate history of the plebiscite in Upper Silesia, as well as pertinent documents. 397. Wierzbicki, A. Truth About Upper Silesia: A Speech Made in the Polish Diet on January 28th 1921. Warsaw: Published by the Diet of the Polish

54

Polish-German Borderlands Republic, 1921. 79pp. Challenges a recent book that states that Germany can't survive economically without Upper Silesia. Poles are determined to continue to counter German propaganda concerning Upper Silesia because the plebiscite will be held soon. Includes many statistics.

398. Zielinski, Henryk. "Social and Political Background to the Silesian Uprisings." Acta Poloniae Historica 26 (1972), 73-108.

Chapter 4

INTERWAR PERIOD In the twenty years between World War I and World War n, Germany and Poland had a strained relationship. Germany was never reconciled to having its eastern territories taken away. The economic depression of the twenties hit Germany hard and encouraged the growth of Nazi influence. Poland struggled to become credible, both politically and economically. Poles were extremely defensive about the Corridor provinces and the Baltic seacoast. The many minority groups in Poland resented being pressured to polonize and frequently felt discriminated against. Diplomatically, Poland was caught between two powerfiil neighbors, the Soviet Union and Germany, and was unsure of how dependable British and French friendship was in a crisis. The English language publications issued by both German and Polish supporters reflect the anxieties of the period. DANZIG, POMERANIA, AND THE POLISH CORRIDOR 399. Belloc, Hilaire. 1929), 104-113.

"Gdynia." Nineteenth Century and After 105 (Jan.

400. Bilainkin, George. Poland's Destiny. London: Hutchinson, 1939. 160pp. A reprinting of Within Two Years (1934), with a new introduction and post-statement. 401.

. Within Two Years: Being the Narrative of a Journey to the Polish Corridor, the Tinder Box of Europe. London: Sampson, Low, Marston and Co., 1934. 187pp.

56

Polish-German Borderlands Account of a 1933-34 visit to the Corridor and Danzig where he saw much evidence of Nazi influence. Both Germans and Poles felt harassed at border posts and everyone expressed concern for the future.

402. Borowik, Jozef, ed. Gdynia, Poland's Gateway to the Sea. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 57pp. Describes the reasons why the seaport was built and how it has developed into a major Polish port. Includes a description of the city and the surrounding Kashubian countryside. 403. Brady, J. M. "Polish Corridor." Poland America 14 (March 1933), 131134. 404. Brown, E. H. "Polish Corridor and an Eastern Locarno." Fortnightly Review 131 (June 1929), 763-772. 405. Caldwell, W. "Danzig and the Europe of Tomorrow." Contemporary Review 130 (Dec. 1926), 727-735. 406. Ciechanowski, Jan. "Polish Corridor: Revision or Peace?" Affairs 10 (July 1932), 558-571.

Foreign

407. Cienciala, Anna. "German Propaganda For the Revision of the PolishGerman Frontier in Danzig and the Corridor: Its Effects on British Opinion and the British Policy-Making Elite in the Years 1919-1933." Antemurale 20 (1976), 77-129. 408.

. "Was Gdansk Really a Free City?" Polish Western Association of America Quarterly 18:1-2 (June 1978), 9-12.

409. Collection of Documents Regarding the Application Submitted by the Government of the Free City of Danzig to the High Commissioner of the League of Nations, Danzig, for a Decision in the Matter of DanzigGdingen. Danzig: Published by the Government of the Free City of Danzig by C. Backer, 1931? 206pp. Statements and replies from Danzig and the Polish government. 410. Crary, Catherine S. "Free City of Danzig: Its Economic and Political Development since the Peace Treaty." Ph.D. diss., Radcliffe College, 1935. 441pp. 411. Crotch, W. Walter. "Eyes on Danzig." Current History 44 (Sept. 1936), 79-84.

Interwar Period

57

412. Dantiscus. "Poland's Claim to the Vistula Corridor and Danzig." English Review 46 (April 1928), 416-428. 413. Dawson, William R "Germany and the Corridor." Nineteenth Century and After 110 (Nov. 1931), 671-684. 414.

. Germany under the Treaty. New York: Longmans Green, 1933. 421pp. Describes eastern Germany and the borderlands after traveling in the areas. Reports signs of decay, neglect, and deterioration. The people are suffering, particularly the German minorities, who are forced to be governed by a less civilized country.

415. Delbriick, H. "German-Polish Frontier: Reply to H.W. Harris." Contemporary Review 128 (July 1925), 18-22. 416. Donald, Robert. "Cashubes of the Corridor." Contemporary Review 131 (March 1927), 306-311. 417.

. Polish Corridor and the Consequences. London: T. Butterworth, 1929. 301pp. Suggests that the Netze Valley in the Corridor was settled by Germans about the time of Friedrich the Great. Until 1928 the valley's Germans formed an ethnic bridge between Prussia and East Prussia.

418. Ehrlich, Ludwik. "Poland and Dantzig: The Case of Poland." Nineteenth Century and After 97 (April 1925), 476-484. 419. Franklin, William, and Alicelia F. Franklin. "Historic Danzig: Last of the City States." National Geographic 76:11 (1939), 677-696. 420. Fuchs, Karl R , ed. Danzig: What Is It All About. N.p., 1939. 55pp. Presents eight essays written by Danzigers giving various aspects of the Free City of Danzig as situated between Germany and Poland. 421. Fuchs, Werner. Poland's Policy of Expansion as Revealed by Polish Testimonies. Berlin: Deutscher Ostmarken-Verein, 1932. 44pp. A German view of the unfairness of the Polish Corridor. Warns Poland that there is future danger if she "continues to harass the giant across the Vistula temporarily chained." 422. Furst, Johann. Nonsens [sic] of the Corridor Repsesented [sic] Ethnographically, Historically and Economically. Berlin, 1926. 134pp.

58

Polish-German Borderlands A reply to Stanislaw Slawski's book Poland's Access to the Sea and the Claims of East Prussia (1925).

423. Gartner, Margarete, comp. Danzig and the Corridor: World Opinion on the Topic of Today. Berlin: Volk und Reich Verlag, 1939. 72pp. Quotes the statements of over 100 writers and politicians regarding the fate of Danzig and the Corridor. Since most are German, their opinions favor revision of the Versailles Treaty. 424. "German-Polish Relations: Danzig, the Polish Corridor, East Prussia, Upper Silesia." Foreign Policy Information Service 3 (Aug. 17, 1927), 169-184. 425. Giarmini, Amedeo. Problem of Danzig. 2d ed. Rome: Instituto per lEuropa Orientale, 1933. 26pp. Explains the thinking of diplomats regarding the issues of Polish access to the Baltic and Germany's access to East Prussia. Despite the Versailles Treaty, these issues continue to fester in both Poland and Germany. 426. "Goods Traffic Through Polish Pomerania, i.e., the So-Called Corridor: The Development of Goods Traffic Through the Port of Gdynia." Polish Economist 5 (Aug. 1930), 244-253. 427. Gorski, Roman S. Economic Aspects of the Polish Corridor. New York: Essex House, 1944. 108pp. 428.

. "Polish Corridor, Another Alsace-Lorraine?" Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 174 (1934), 126133.

429. Haferkorn, Reinhard. "Danzig and the Polish Corridor." International Affairs 12 (March 1933), 224-239. 430. Hamel, Joost A. van. Danzig and the Polish Problem. International Conciliation, no. 288. Worcester, Mass.; New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1933. 33pp. As former League of Nations High Commissioner in Danzig, Hamel is able to explain both the German and Polish viewpoint. Suggests that agitators, journalists, and fanatics on both sides continue to stir up tension. 431. Harley, John H. "Case of the Corridor." Fortnightly Review 139 (1933), 61-69.

59

Interwar Period 432.

. "Danzig Corridor, Polish or German?" National Review 85 (July 1925), 787-793.

433.

. "Peace and the Polish Corridor." English Review 49 (Sept. 1929), 304-312.

434. Hartshorne, R. "Problem of the Polish Corridor." Journal of Geography 36 (May 1937), 161-176. 435. Haus, A., and A. Bauer. Gdynia, from Fishing Village to International Port. London: The Polish Association of Workers' Universities, 1944. 38pp. Describes in words and photographs the rapid changes of Gdynia, as Poland developed it into a Baltic port in the interwar years. Hopes are expressed that Gdynia will be rebuilt after World War n. 436. Hoinko, Thaddeus, and Edward G. Chwatczynski. Issue." Current History 28 (April 1928), 72-76. 437. How to See Danzig = Wer Kennt Danzig? Hessenlanddruck, 193-. A German-English photo guide book to Danzig.

"Polish Corridor

N.p., Werner-Rades

438. Husband, R. O. "Danzig." Independent. 113 (Nov. 15, 1924), 395-398. 439. Jurgensen, Dr. Free City of Danzig. Danzig: C. Backer, 1925? 20pp. A contemporary description of the city. 440. Kaufinann, Josef. German West-Prussia: Reproductions from Documents Illustrating the History of the German Nationality in WestPrussia in Town and Country during the Polish Period. Berlin: Deutsche Rundschau, 1926? 99pp. A defense of the German character of the borderlands in the Polish Corridor. 441. Kilarski, Jan. Gdansk: Danzig. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Published by the Maritime and Colonial League of Poland, 1937. 259pp. Sketches the "Polish" history of Gdansk and describes the countryside around the city. 442. Kimmich, Christoph M. Free City: Danzig and German Foreign Policy, 1919-1934. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1968. 196pp. Describes and interprets the efforts of the Weimar Republic to have the

60

Polish-German Borderlands Versailles settlement revised so that West Prussia, Upper Silesia, and Danzig would be returned to Germany.

443.

. "Official German Attitudes and Policies Toward Danzig (Gdansk), 1919-1934." Ph.D. diss., Oxford University, 1964.

444. Kwiatkowski, Eugenjusz. Baltic Policy of Poland: Lecture Delivered in the Great Hall of Warsaw University on February 1st 1933. Warsaw: Sea and Colonial League of Poland, 1933. 18pp. Defends the establishment of the Polish Corridor and thus Poland's access to the sea. 445. League of Nations. Decisions of the High Commissioner, League of Nations, Free City of Danzig, 1921-27 = Entscheidungen des Hohen Kommissars des Volkerbundes in der Freien Stadt Danzig, 1921-27. Danzig, 1922-28. 7 vols. in 1. English and German on opposite pages. 446. Lengyel, Emil. Cauldron Boils. New York: L. MacVeagh, the Dial Press, 1932. 246pp. Includes a lengthy section on German-Polish conflicts in the Corridor and examines the claims of both sides regarding discrimination against minorities. 447. Leonhardt, Hans L. "Nazi Conquest of Danzig." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1972. 363pp. 448.

. Nazi Conquest of Danzig. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1942. 363pp. Describes how the Nazis infiltrated the Free City of Danzig during the 1920s and 1930s with the acquiescence of much of the city's German population.

449. Levine, Herbert S. Hitler's Free City: A History of the Nazi Party in Danzig, 1925-39. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973. 223pp. Describes the rise of Nazi influence and how they came to control the city in the 1930s. 450.

. "Nazis in Danzig, 1925-1939." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1969. 333pp. DA31/03-A,p.ll99.

451. Lewis, Malcolm L. "Free City of Danzig." International Law 5 (1924), 89-102.

British Yearbook of

61

Interwar Period

452. Liddell, M. F. "Danzig in 1922." Contemporary Review 111 (Dec. 1922), 766-770. 453. Linfield, Frederick C. "Polish Corridor as an Obstacle to Peace." Current History 11 (Feb. 1928), 664-668. 454. Lorentz, Friedrich. Cassubian Civilization. 1935. Reprint. Translated from Polish. New York: AMS Press, 1983. 407pp. A scholarly examination of the Kashubians and their relations with greater Poland. Discusses their culture, beliefs, customs, food, clothes, folktales, songs, and occupations. 455. Luben, Friedrich A. Danzig Free State. Steinbach, 1935. 19pp. Description and views of the city in the 1930s. 456.

Danzig: Printed by O.

. Important Sights of Danzig. Free City of Danzig: Danziger Verlags-Gesellschaft, 1930. 31pp. Description and views of the city.

457. Lubianski, F. A. All About Danzig. Gesellschaft, 1933. 36pp. Another contemporary view of the city.

Danzig: Danziger Verlags-

458. Lutman, Roman, ed. Truth About the Corridor: Polish Pomerania, Ten Points. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1933? 42pp. Describes the Polishness of the Corridor, and asserts Poland's legal and cultural title to the area. 459. Lynch-Robinson, Christopher H. Truth About Pomorze. Warsaw: Polish Institute for Collaboration with Foreign Countries, 1933. 28pp. Explains to a British League of Nations Union audience that "Polish Corridor" is a propaganda name given to the ancient Polish province of Pomorze. 460. Macdonald, Gregory. "Kashubs on the Baltic." European Review 19 (1940), 265-275.

Slavonic and East

461. Machray, Robert. "Danzig, Its Past and Present." Chambers Journal 7th ser., 15 (Feb. 7,1925), 148-152. 462.

. "Danzig Today." Fortnightly Review 129 (April 1928), 459467.

62 463.

Polish-German Borderlands . "Poland and Her Frontiers." Fortnightly Review 119 (June 1923), 993-1004.

464.

. "Poland and the Baltic." Fortnightly Review 129 (Jan. 1928), 90-99.

465. Marchlewski, Mieczyslaw. "Poland's Claim to Pomerania." Poland 12 (March 1931), 155-158. 466. Martel, Ren& Eastern Frontiers of Germany. London: Williams & Norgate, 1930. 199pp. Presents German, Polish and French viewpoints of the Corridor controversy. Suggests internationalizing the Vistula River, similarly to Danzig. Would return borderlands to Germany in return for establishing Polish free trade zones in several German cities. 467. Martin, Hans. Political Status and the Economic Importance of the Free City of Danzig. Danzig: Danziger Verlags-Gesellschaft, 1926. 32pp. 468. Mason, John B. Danzig Dilemma: A Study in Peacemaking and Compromise. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1946. 377pp. Examines the creation and maintenance of Danzig as an international city by the League of Nations. Notes the administrative problems and the League solutions. Thinks the experiment was worthwhile. 469.

. "Free City of Danzig, a Noble Experiment?" World Affairs Interpreter (Sept 1936), 168-173.

470.

. "Legal Status of the Free City of Danzig." Ph.D. diss., University of Wisconsin, 1929.

471. Melville, C. F. "Poland, Germany and the Corridor." English Review 46 (May 1928), 546-554. 472. Monnig, Richard, ed. Danzig. Berlin: Terramare Office, 1939. 87pp. A collection of essays and quotations from Germans, British, and Americans supporting the idea that Danzig is German and the Germans will not rest until the city is reunited with Germany. 473. Morison, George H. Danzig's Yesterday and To-Morrow. Danzig: Danziger Verlags-Gesellschaft, 1932. 62pp. Sketches the history of the city and defends the concept of its internationalization.

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474. Morrow, Ian F. "Danzig: An International Problem." Contemporary Review 150 (Sept. 1936), 303-311. 475. Munsterberg, M. "Key City of Europe's Corridor." Travel 43 (Aug. 1924), 13-16. 476. Nason, Rachel C. "Polish Corridor." In Report of the Seventh Conference on the Cause and Cure of War, Held in Washington D.C., January 18-21, 1932, pp. 139-162. New York: National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War, 1932. Reports on her visit to the Corridor, analyzes the conflicts, and suggests some solutions. Finds that war is not imminent and thinks all involved parties need to work harder to get along. 477. Naudeau, L. "Danzig and the Polish Corridor." Living Age 325 (April 18, 1925), 133-138. 478. Observer, pseud. Polish Corridor. New York, 1932. 23pp. Presents the Polish viewpoint to the American public. Argues that the Polish province of Pomerania was returned to its rightful place when the Corridor was formed. 479. Paderewski, Ignace J. "Poland"s So-called Corridor." Foreign Affairs 11 (1932-33), 420-433. 480.

. Polish Pomerania: Two Addresses and a Reply. Warsaw: League for the Defence of Peace by Respect for Treaties, Polish Committee, 1933. 93pp. Includes a speech by Paderewski, former Polish Prime Minister, given at the Hotel Astor in New York City defending the return of Polish lands to the Poles; a speech by Julius Curtius, former German government official, given in New York City Hall calling for a revision of the Versailles Treaty; and a reply by Henry Strasburger, former League High Commissioner of Danzig, trying to correct all misstatements.

481. Palmer, F. "Where the Next European War Will Start." Harper's 151 (Nov. 1925), 739-746. 482. Pease, Neal R "United States and the Polish Boundaries, 1931: An American Attempt to Revise the Polish Corridor." Polish Review 27:3-4 (1982), 122-137. 483. Peiser, Kurt. Danzig's Shipping and Foreign Trade. Translated from German. Danzig: A.W. Kafemann, 1930. 35pp.

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484. Permanent Court of International Justice. Treatment of Polish Nationals and Other Persons of Polish Origin or Speech in the Danzig Territory. Advisory opinion of February 4th, 1932. Leyden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1932? 561pp. Presents the evidence regarding treatment of Poles in Danzig. 485. Piwarski, K. "Gdansk and Poland (1919-1939)." Poland at the XI Congress of Historical Sciences in Stockholm. Warsaw, 1960. pp.265299. 486. "Poland, Germany, and Danzig: Political and Historical Background; Map of the Polish Corridor; the Question of Communications; Poland's Foreign Trade; Danzig and Gdynia." Bulletin of International News 16 (May 20, 1939), 475-492. 487. "Poland's Historic Title to Danzig." English Review 41 (Sept. 1925), 346-356. 488. Poliakoff, Vladimir. [Augur, pseud.] Eagles Black and White: The Fight for the Sea. New York: D. Appleton, 1929. 205pp. Describes postwar Polish-German relations and declares that Poland has a greater need for Baltic seacoast than the inconvenience Germany is caused by having given it up. 489.

. "Polish Corridor." Fortnightly Review 130 (Aug. 1928), 165173.

490.

. Polish Corridor: The Facts. London: Printed Privately by Hazell, Watson & Viney, 1934. 32pp. A letter written to the members of the Royal Institute of International Affairs presenting the Polish viewpoint regarding the Corridor.

491. Polish Pomerania (Pomorze). Polish Library of Facts, no. 4. New York: Polish Information Service, 1933. 29pp. Presents the historical and demographic justification for Pomerania remaining Polish. Discounts East Prussia's complaints about the difficulty of transportation connections with Germany. 492. Pomorze in British Eyes. Warsaw: Polish Institute for Collaboration with Foreign Countries, 1934. 141pp. Extracts from British and Canadian journal articles illustrating that the British believe Pomorze belongs in Poland and should never be returned to Germany.

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493. Port of Gdynia. Translated from Polish. Gdynia: Polish Ministry of Industry and Commerce, 1936. 54pp. An enthusiastic description, with many photographs, of the new Polish seaport facilities at Gdynia. 494. Proeller, Dr. Polish Corridor, East Prussia and the Peace. London: Williams and Norgate, 1929. 15pp. Seeks a solution that gives Poland access to the Baltic without also be connected to Germany proper. 495. Rauschning, Anna S. No Retreat. New York: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1942. 309pp. Autobiography of the wife of Hermann Rauschning. The family lived on a West Prussian farm and in Danzig during the interwar period. After conflicts with the Nazis in Danzig, the family fled the borderlands in 1938. 496. Rauschning, Hermann. Conservative Revolution. New York: Putnam, 1941. 280pp. Describes the struggle between conservative politicians and Nazis for control of Danzig in the early 1930s. Served as president of the Danzig Senate before the Nazi takeover. 497. Rybczynski, Mieczyslaw. Pomeranian Vistula. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 78pp. Describes the Vistula River Valley as it flows through Pomerania to the Baltic. 498. Schmidt, Axel B. Preposterous Corridor: Polish Testimony Against the Mutilation of Germany. Translated from German. Berlin: E. Runge, 1933. 46pp. Attributes the phrase "preposterous corridor" to Roman Dmowski. Notes that Polish newspapers are saying war is unavoidable, however no German with authority has ever uttered hostile words of war. 499. Seeds of Conflict, Series 8: Danzig and the Polish Corridor, Threshold to War. Nendeln, Liechtenstein: KTO Press, 1979. 3 vols. in 5. Reprints documents representing all viewpoints of the problems that developed after the Versailles settlement. Most documents are in French, Polish, or German, with a few in English. 500. Simons, F. H. "Visit to the Polish Corridor." Review of Reviews 83 (March 1931), 63-66.

66

Polish-German Borderlands

501. Slawski, Stanislaw. Poland's Access to the Sea and the Claims of East Prussia. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1925. 62pp. Discusses how Danzig and the northern part of Pomerania are an integral part of Poland and refutes Germany's claims that East Prussia is suffering because it is no longer connected to Germany proper. 502. Smogorzewski, Ka2imierz M. Poland, Germany and the Corridor. London: Williams & Norgate, 1930. 163pp. Defends the need of Poland to have access to the Baltic and denounces German propaganda that calls for a revision of the Versailles boundaries. 503.

. Poland's Access to the Sea. London: G. Allen & Unwin; New York: Polish Book Import Co., 1934. 468pp. Extensively documented defense of Poland's natural claims to Pomerania and its needs for a Baltic seaport. Also considers the German charges that Poland is obstructing ground transportation through the Corridor.

504. Smolenski, Jerzy. Pomoria, Poland's Bastion on the Baltic. Poznann: Wydawn. Polskie (R. Wegner), 1932. 76pp. Photographic views and description of the countryside and towns of Pomorze. Includes Polish text also. 505. Stephens, David. "Needs of Danzig." Nineteenth Century and After 120 (Oct 1936), 397-408. 506. Stone, Shephard. "German-Polish Disputes: Danzig, the Polish Corridor and East Prussia." Foreign Policy Reports 9:9 (July 5, 1933), 93-104. Describes the efforts of the League of Nations to resolve differences between Germans and Poles in the Corridor area but notes that the psychological attitude of both peoples "constitutes a serious obstacle to collaboration." 507. Strasburger, Henryk. German Designs on Pomerania: An Analysis of Germany's Revisionists Policy. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 39pp. Despite Germany's efforts to get the Versailles boundaries revised, Poland has no intention of giving up the Corridor. The status quo will remain because war is not likely and Poland becomes stronger every year. 508. Super, Donald E. Background of Polish-German Relations in Charts and Figures. New York: Ellmer Co., 1932. 12pp. Uses charts to explain the importance of Pomorze and other western borderlands. 509. Telesinus. "Polish Corridor." Dalhousie Review 12 (1932), 12-23.

Interwar Period 510. Tomas, Adam. Polish Corridor and Peace. International Studies, 1930. 15pp.

67 Warsaw: Institute for

511. Tymieniecki, Kaiimierz. History of Polish Pomerania. Poznan: Society of Lovers of History, 1929. 181pp. 512. Van Cleef, E. "Danzig and Gdynia." Geographical Review 23 (Jan. 1933), 101-107. 513. Vollmer, C. "New Polish Corridor." Foreign Affairs 12 (Oct 1933), 156-159. 514. Von Brevern, Maxim C. "New Poland, the Polish Corridor, and the Free City of Danzig." Ph.D. diss., University of Washington, 1937. 515. Wertheimer, Mildred S. Nazi Pressure in Danzig. Geneva Special Studies, vol. 7, no. 3. Geneva: Geneva Research Center, in cooperation with the Foreign Policy Association, 1936. 16pp. 516.

. "Nazification of Danzig." Foreign Policy Reports 12 (June 1936), 66-76.

517. Wilder, Jan A. "Danzig Problem from Within." Slavonic Review 15 (1937), 357-367. 518. Wojciechowski, Marian. "Free City of Gdansk and Poland." Polish Western Affairs 20:2 (1979), 265-290. 519. Wolfe, Henry C. German Octopus. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1938. 316pp. A first-person account of Germany's eastern aggression by an American observer. Visited Danzig and the Corridor. 520. Znaniecki, Florian. "Polish-German Struggle for Pomerania from the Sociological Point of View." Proceedings of the Association of History Teachers of the Middle States and Maryland 29 (1931), 71-77. 521. Zweig, Ferdynand. Poland Between Two Wars: A Critical Study of Social and Economic Changes. London: Seeker & Warburg, 1944. 176pp. A general study with emphasis on the social and economic changes in the Corridor.

68

Polish-German Borderlands

POLISH-GERMAN RELATIONS AND SILESIA 522. Adamkiewicz, G. "German-Polish Relations Before the Outbreak of War, 1939." Dalhousie Review 26 (Jan. 1947), 305-403. 523. Azcarate, Pablo de. League of Nations and National Minorities: An Experiment. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1945. 216pp. Includes a chapter on Upper Silesia and suggests that the procedure followed there for solving the minorities conflicts should be followed elsewhere. After the plebiscite, a League agent was sent to the area to mediate difficulties on the spot 524. Baltic Countries. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1935-39. A serial published in Poland that included articles on the Polish Corridor. In 1937 the Institute moved the publishing headquarters to Gdynia and changed the name to Baltic and Scandinavian Countries. It ceased when World Warn began. 525. Barber, Alvin B. Report of European Technical Advisors, Mission to Poland, 1919-1922. New York: Distributed by the American Relief Administration, 1923. 76pp. The foreign advisors helped the new Polish state in the areas of railroads, distribution of coal, oil, and other products, development of economic andfinancialpolicies, and economic relations with other countries. Much of the report described work in former Prussian Poland. 526. Bartlett, Vernon. Poland's Forces at Work. Warsaw: Polish Institute for Collaboration with Foreign Countries, 1933. 9pp. A lecture warning that Poland is determined to keep the borderlands it was awarded and will fight Germany if necessary. 527. Bessel, R. J. "S.A. in the Eastern Regions of Germany, 1925-1934." Ph.D. diss., Oxford University, 1980. 397pp. 528. Blanke, Richard. "German Minority in Inter-War Poland and German Foreign Policy: Some Reconsiderations." Journal of Contemporary History 15 (Jan. 1990), 87-102. 529.

. Orphans of Versailles: The Germans in Western Poland, 1918-1939. Lexington, Ky.: University Press of Kentucky, 1993. 316pp. Uses contemporary newspapers, government documents, and eyewitness accounts to determine if the German minority in the Corridor had valid

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reasons to feel oppressed by the Polish majority. Concludes that the Germans were commonly discriminated against by Polish authorities. 530. Brackmann, Albert, ed. Germany and Poland in Their Historical Relations. Translated from German. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1934. 266pp. Essays by 19 German historians discuss the borderlands from the prehistoric period through World War I. The collection encourages the development of a joint historical viewpoint that would cease using history for propaganda purposes. 531. Brown, MacAlister. "Third Reich's Mobilization of the German Fifth Column in Eastern Europe." Journal of Central European Affairs 19 (1959), 128-148. 532. Brozek, Andrzej. "Depopulation of Silesia in the Opinion of German Military Circles (1938)." Polish Western Affairs 7:1 (1966), 208-229. 533. Buell, Raymond L. Poland: Key to Europe. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1939. 364pp. Presents a knowledgeable account of contemporary Poland, including its uneasy relations with Germany. 534. Burleigh, Michael. Germany turns Eastwards: A Study of Ostforschung in the Third Reich. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 351pp. Examines the pressures which kept an academic discipline on a fundamentally false course, with misconceptions unchallenged and dissenters silenced. 535. Ciechanowski, Jan. "German-Polish Relations." International Affairs 12 (1933), 344-363. 536. Cienciala, Anna. Poland and the Western Powers, 1938-39. London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1968. 310pp. Examines the events of 1938-39 and the factors which influenced both the western European countries and Poland. Concludes that at that time Great Britain was unable to conceive of physically preventing German aggression, and France went along with Britain. Consequently, Germany continued its plan of action. 537.

. "Significance of the Declaration of Non-Aggression of 1/26/34 in Polish-German and International Relations." East European Quarterly 1 (1967), 1-30.

70

Polish-German Borderlands

538. Cienciala, Anna, and Titus Komarnicki. From Versailles to Locarno: Keys to Polish Foreign Policy, 1919-25. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1984. 384pp. Evaluates the attitudes of western powers toward Poland's concerns for her borders in the face of German and Russian demands for revision of the Versailles Treaty. Generally western diplomats were sympathetic to Germany and Russia. 539. Citino, Robert M. Evolution of Blitzkrieg Tactics: Germany Defends Itself Against Poland, 1918-1933. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. 209pp. Argues that the Versailles Treaty limitations forced the German military to develop new techniques for a defense against possible Polish aggression. Later these were the basis for the blitzkrieg against Poland. 540.

. "Polen Greift an: Germany's Eastern Defenses, 1918-1933." Ph.D. diss., Indiana University, 1984. 350pp. DA40/05-A,p.l494.

541. Dachselt, Martin. Position of Foreign Minorities in Germany: Comments on the Prussian Minorities Schools Order. Berlin: G. Heymann, 1929. 14pp. 542. Drozdowski, Marian. "National Minorities in Poland, 1918-1939." Acta Poloniae Historica 11 (1970), 226-251. The Germans in Poland continued to control much of the economic life of western Poland despite the Polish government's attempts to polonize the economy. 543. Duffield, A. C. "Silesian Side-Show." Cornhill Magazine 158 (Dec. 1938), 796-805. 544. Durand, L. "Baranowice, a Landed Estate in Silesia." Geography 36 (1937), 289-299.

Journal of

545. Dyboski, Roman. Poland. New York: Scribner, 1933. 443pp. A general history with an emphasis on Prussian-Polish relations, current Corridor problems, and minorities issues. 546.

. "Poland and the Problem of National Minorities." Journal of International Affairs 2 (1923), 179-200.

547. Fiedor, Karol. "Character of State Assistance to the German Eastern Provinces in the Years 1919-1933." Polish Western Affairs 12:2 (1971), 309-325.

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548. Fiedor, Karol, Janusz Sobczak, and Wojciech Wrzesinski. "Image of the Poles in Germany and of the German in Poland in Inter-war Years and Its Role in Shaping the Relations Between the Two States." Polish Western Affairs 19:2 (1978), 203-228. 549. Fink, Carole. "Germany and the Polish Elections of November 1930: A Study in League Diplomacy." East European Quarterly 15:2 (1981), 181-207. 550. Fischer, P. Rights and Safeguards of the Polish Minority in Upper Silesia. Translated from German. Berlin: R. Hobbing, 1931. 85pp. Explains how Germany is making an effort to treat fairly its Polish minority, including accepting a Charter of rights, giving them the right to vote, and allowing free assembling, worship, and education in the Polish language. 551. Forgus, Silvia P. "German Nationality Policies in Poland: Bismarck and Hitler." East European Quarterly 20 (March 1986), 107-118. 552. Gajda, Patricia A. "British Policy Respecting Danzig and Upper Silesia, 1919-1925." Ph.D. diss., Case Western Reserve University, 1972. DA 33-A,p.l638. 553.

. Postscript to Victory: British Policy and the German-Polish Borderlands, 1919-1925. Washington: University Press of America, 1982. 232pp. Traces relations between Poland and Britain in the early interwar period, with emphasis on the Upper Silesian plebiscite and Danzig.

554. G^siorowski, Zygmunt J. "German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact of 1934." Journal of Central European Affairs 15 (1955), 4-29. 555. German Withdrawal in the East: A Study in Vital German and Polish Statistics. London: Polish Research Centre, 1942? 50pp. Discusses the falling German population in the borderlands during the interwar period due to migration westward and a low birth rate. 556. "Germans in Silesia: Minority Schools in Polish Silesia." School and Society 16 (Dec. 11, 1911). 557. "Germany and Poland, 1919-1939: A Historical and Political Study." VdlkerbundS (May 15, June 1, 1939), 205-232. Traces the relations of the two countries from Polish territorial claims

72

Polish-German Borderlands during World War I, through the Peace Conference and the Versailles settlement, to conflicts over the Polish Corridor.

558. Glasgow, G. "Polish Frontiers: German Peace Proposals." porary Review 127 (May 1925), 652-657.

Contem-

559. Hansen, Ernst R. Poland's Westward Trend. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1928. 92pp. Takes the view that Poland has encroached on ancient German territory and has done great harm to the German eastern marches. 560. Harley, John R "Germany, Poland and the Minorities." English Review 48 (March 1929), 303-311. 561. Harris, R W. "German-Polish Frontier." Contemporary Review 111 (May 1925), 563-568. 562. Hartshorne, R. "Geographic and Political Boundaries in Upper Silesia." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 23 (Dec. 1933), 195-228. 563.

. "Upper Silesian Industrial District." Geographical Review 24 (July 1934), 423-438.

564. Hauser, Przemyslaw. "German Minority in Poland in the Years 19181939 (Reflection on the State of Research and Interpretation, Proposals for Further Research." Polish Western Affairs 32:2 (1991), 13-38. 565. Hesse, J. C. "National Minorities in Europe, 7: Germans in Poland." Slavonic Review 16 (July 1937), 93-101. 566. Hoggan, David L. "Breakdown of German-Polish Relations in 1939: The Conflict Between the German New Order and the Polish Idea of Central Eastern Europe." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1949. 567. Horak, Stephan M. Poland and Her National Minorities, 1919-39: A Case Study. New York: Vantage Press, 1961. 259pp. Finds interwar Poland neither economically nor politically successful because she was unable to solve her minorities problems. 568. Hutchinson, Graham S. Silesia Revisited, 1929: An Examination of the Problems Arising from the Plebiscite and the Partition and the Relation Between the British Coal Problem and Silesia. London: Simpkin Marshall, 1930. 111pp.

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Summarizes the history of Upper Silesia, traces the events of 1920-21, and presents the economic, political, and social issues which face the region. A former member of the Plebiscite Commission. 569. Kaeckenbeeck, Georges S. "Character and Work of the Arbitral Tribunal of Upper Silesia." Grotius Society Transactions 21 (1935), 27-44. 570.

. International Experiment of Upper Silesia: A Study in the Working of the Upper Silesia Settlement, 1922-37. London: Oxford University Press, 1942. 867pp. Brings first-hand knowledge of the history of the Upper Silesian settlement, as president of the Arbitral Tribunal.

571. Kennet, Edward H. Report on Financial Conditions in Poland, Presented to the Prime Minister of Poland. London: Waterlow, by Order of the Polish Government, 1924. 89pp. Visited Poland in 1923 and prepared a report describing the country's financial condition, analyzing the causes of the problems, and suggesting remedial measures. Believed that Poland's financial difficulties were unrelated to Germany's economic situation. 572. Klarner, Czeslaw. Silesia and Pomerania, Basic Elements of Poland's Economic Independence. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 77pp. Stresses Silesia's industrial strength and Pomerania's important seacoast 573. Kokot, Jozef, and Waclaw Sobanski. Myth of the "Nation Without Space." German Testimonies, no. 6. Poznan: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1961. 47pp. Uses German documents to disprove their claims that the country need to expand its boundaries for demographic purposes. 574. Komar, Stanislaw. "Polish-German Upper Silesian Convention, 19221935." Translated from Polish. Baltic and Scandinavian Countries 3 (May 1937), 274-279. 575. Komjathy, Anthony T., and Rebecca Stockwell. German Minorities and the Third Reich: Ethnic Germans in East Central Europe Between the Wars. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1980. 217pp. In a chapter on Germans in Poland, the authors conclude that they were generally loyal to Poland and lukewarm toward Nazism. 576. Korbel, Josef. Poland Between East and West: Soviet and German Diplomacy Toward Poland, 1919-1933. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1963. 321pp.

74

Polish-German Borderlands Examines Poland's unsuccessful attempts to play one neighbor against the other in the interwar period.

577. Korostovets, Vladimir K. Rebirth of Poland. London: Bles, 1928. 317pp. A generally critical view of Poland from an exiled Ukrainian who lived and worked there shortly after World War I. Believed that German territory should be returned and that Poland discriminated against her minorities. 578. Korusiewicz, Leon. "Polish German Diplomatic Relations, 1934-39." Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley. 1955. 367pp. 579. Kruszewski, Charles. "German-Polish Tariff War (1925-1934) and Its Aftermath." Journal of Central European Affairs 3 (Oct. 1943), 294315. 580. Kurnatowski, Jerzy. Poles in Germany and the Germans in Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: J. Burian, 1927. 28pp. A short discussion of the major issues surrounding minorities in each country. 581. Kwiatkowski, Eugenjusz. "Silesia and Pomerania." Polish Economist 5 (Dec. 1930), 330-333. 582. Lania, L. "Famine in Lower Silesia." Nation 111 (Feb. 24, 1926), 214216. 583. Laqueur, Walter. Out of the Ruins of Europe. New York: Library Press, 1971. 520pp. Recalls, in the first two essays, his childhood and teenage years in Breslau between the wars. He immigrated to Palestine in 1938. 584. League of Nations. Protection of Linguistic, Racial, and Religious Minorities by the League of Nations: Provisions Contained in the Various International Instruments at Present in Force. Geneva, 1927. 111pp. Includes extracts of League documents covering Poland, Upper Silesia, and Danzig, among others. 585.

. Protection of Minorities in Upper Silesia: Appeal of the "Deutscher Volksbund" of Polish Silesia Concerning the Admission of Children to the Primary German Minority Schools in the Voivodie of Silesia. Geneva: League of Nations, 1927. 24pp.

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An example of the appeals to the League of Nations by people who sought redress of grievances. 586. Lemiesz, Wiktor. Dqjbrdwka Wielka: A Contribution to the History of the Polish Indigenous Population. Poznan: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1961. 149pp. Describes life in the village of Dabrowka Wielka (Gross Dammer) between the wars when it lay in German territory and its Polish citizens were persecuted. Includes copies of German documents. 587. Lesniewski, Andrzej, ed. Irredentism and Provocation: A Contribution to the History of the German Minority in Poland. Poznan: Wydawn. Zachodnia, 1960. 72pp. Charges that before World War n the German minority in Poland committed all sorts of subversive activities to agitate for the return of German eastern territories. 588. Lessing, Otto E., ed. Minorities and Boundaries, a Series of Papers. The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1931. 154pp. Contains 3 essays written from the German perspective: "Germans in Polish Upper Silesia," by Hans Lukaschek, "The Origin of the Free City of Danzig," by Walter Recke, and "East Prussia, Danzig, and the Polish Corridorfromthe View of Economics," by Wilhelm Meugels. 589. Lewitt, Jan. Polish Panorama. London: M.I. Kolin, 1941. 140pp. Descriptions and views of interwar Poland; the first 23 photos are of western Poland, "the very cradle of the Polish nation." 590. Lipski, J6zef. Diplomat in Berlin, 1933-1939: Papers and Memoirs of Jdzef Lipski, Ambassador of Poland. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968. 679pp. Forms a basic source for Polish-German relations in the 1930s. 591. Lubojanski, Jozef. Polish Language in Opole Silesia in the Years 19101939. German testimonies, no.l. Poznan; Warsaw: Western Press Agency, 1957. 155pp. Argues that Silesians are Polish because they chose to remain in Silesia after 1945. Cites language surveys conducted in 1935 and 1939 by Landesgruppe Schlesien des Bundes Deutscher Osten. 592. Lukaschek, Hans. Germans in Polish Upper Silesia. London: Williams and Norgate, 1929. 11pp. Cites many instances of discrimination, oppression, and forced polonization of Germans, despite the Poles' denials.

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Polish-German Borderlands

593. Marrotte, Paul A. "Germany at the League of Nations Council: The Defense of German Minority Groups in Poland, Memel and Yugoslavia." Ph.D. diss., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1954. 594. McLaren, Moray. Wayfarer in Poland. London: Methuen, 1934. 205pp. Description and photographs of Poland after a visit. Chapter 3 focuses on the Corridor and its conflicts. Points out that both Germans and Poles are convinced their side is right so discussion is impossible. 595. Memorandum of Polish Social Societies Concerning Revisionist Propaganda. Warsaw: Polish Committee for the Defence of Peace by Respecting Treaties, 1932. 9pp. Explains the importance of maintaining the current boundaries in the face of German propaganda decrying the Versailles settlement. 596. Monow, Ian F. "Prussianisation of the Poles." Slavonic Review 15 (July 1936), 153-164. 597. Morrow, Ian F., and L. M. Sieveking. Peace Settlement in the German Polish Borderlands: A Study of Conditions Today in the Pre-War Prussian Provinces of East and West Prussia. London: Oxford University Press, issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1936. 558pp. Scholarly examination of all the issues surrounding Danzig and the Corridor, including the historical, geographical, and economic background and supervision by the League. 598. Muhlberger, Detlef. "Occupational and Social Structure of the NSDAP in the Border Province Posen-West Prussia in the Early 1930s." European History Quarterly 15 (July 1985), 281-311. 599. Namier, Lewis B. "Coloured Books: Pre-Munich German-Polish Relations." Political Quarterly 12 (July 1941), 266-291. 600. Oertzen, Friedrich W. von. So This Is Poland. Translated from German. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1932. 288pp. Summarizes the current situation in Poland from the German point of view. 601. Orlowicz, Mieczyslaw. Southwestern Poland: Illustrated Guide. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Ministry of Communication, 1927. 157pp. A Polish tourist guide to the southern borderlands; includes 2 maps and details about the railroads.

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77

602. Orzechowski, Marian. "Democratic and Internationalist Traditions of the Polish Population in Germany, 1922-1939." Polish Western Affairs 9:1 (1968), 44-69. 603. Osborne, Arthur. Landownership and Population in Pomerania. Torun: Baltic Institute, 1934. 47pp. Uses population statistics to explain how Pomerania has changed from German to Polish since the war. Although Germans fled the province after 1919, they still own over half the land. The Polish government has been buying land and creating peasant settlements. 604. "Other Side of an International Problem: The Underlying Cause of German Revisionist Attacks Becomes Clear." Poland America 12 (July 1931), 301-305. 605. Paprocki, S. I. Minority Affairs and Poland: An Informatory Outline. Warsaw: Nationality Research Institute, 1935. 184pp. Surveys the history, achievements, customs, culture and current status of each minority group in Poland. Includes a section on Germans. 606. Pawlowski, Jerome I. Poland and Her People. Detroit: Printed by Bare Brothers, 1929. 211pp. Describes present-day Poland region by region, with emphasis on the impact of World War I and Poland's relations with Germany. 607. Permanent Court of International Justice. Case Concerning the Administration of the Prince of Pless. Orders of February 4th, 11th, July 4th, and December 2d, 1933. Leyden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1933? 489pp. Presents the evidence on both sides of the issue concerning the Germans on the Polish Silesian estates of the Prince of Pless. In English and French. 608.

. Case Concerning the Polish Agrarian Reform and the German Minority. Orders of July 29th and December 2d, 1933. Leyden: A.W. Sijthofl^ 1934. 201pp. Presents the evidence on both sides of an issue of German landownership in Poland. In English and French.

609. Petition of the Deutsche Volksbundfor Polish Silesia to the Council of the League of Nations, Concerning Infringements of Articles 75 and 83 of the Geneva Convention. Katowice?: Deutscher Volksbund fur Polnisch-Schlesien, 1931. 89pp. Petitions the League for help in stopping the "systematic and outrageous"

78

Polish-German Borderlands outrageous" persecution of Germans in Upper Silesia and gives facts regarding specific cases.

610. Poliakoff, Vladimir. [Augur, pseud.] Bulwark of Democracy. New York: D. Appleton, 1931. 207pp. Supports the incorporation of Posnania into Poland after World War I. 611. Polish and German Minorities in Their Relation to the League of Nations. Polish Library of Facts, no. 3. New York: Polish Information Service, 1932. 19pp. Cites statistics for minorities in Poland and Germany, the character of each group, parliamentary representation, cultural activities, education, legal protection, etc. Concludes that Poles are more discriminated against in Germany than Germans are in Poland. 612. Polish-German Relations. Polish Library of Facts, no. 1. New York: American-Polish Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 1931. 32pp. Discusses the Poland's legal and historical claims to the Polish Corridor, and examines the problems of the German minority in Upper Silesia. 613. "Polish Minority in Germany." Translated from French. Poland 4 (Oct. 23, 1923), 216-218. 614. Polish-German Conference. Report of the Conference at Danzig, May, 1925. Transcribed by Anna Curtis. Philadelphia: American Friends Service Committee, 1925. 6pp. Quakers sponsored a conference attended by 17 Poles, Germans and Americans who met to discuss relations between the two countries and what could be done to encourage peaceful resolutions of conflicts. Also called the German-Polish Conference. 615.

. Report of the Conference at Warsaw, February 1926. Transcribed by Gilbert MacMaster. Philadelphia: American Friends Service Committee, 1926. 12pp. Quakers sponsored a second peace conference attended by 23 persons of different nationalities. A third conference was held in Berlin in May 1927. The report was issued in German.

616. Polish White Book: Official Documents Concerning Polish-German and Polish-Russian Relations, 1933-1939. London: Hutchinson & Co., issued by the Polish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, 1940? Documents assembled to demonstrate that Poland was wholly the victim of unprovoked German and Soviet aggression in September 1939.

Interwar Period

79

617. Post, Gaines, Jr. "German Foreign Policy and Military Planning: The Polish Question, 1924-1929." Ph.D. diss., Stanford University, 1969. 328pp. DA 30/08-A, p.3407. 618. Pounds, Norman J. Upper Silesian Industrial Region. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1956. 242pp. Describes the industrialization of Upper Silesia within the context of its geography and the political events that affected it. The emphasis is on the historical periods prior to World War n. 619. Rose, William J. Drama of Upper Silesia: A Regional Study. Brattleboro, Vt: Stephen Daye Press, 1935. 349pp. A first-hand account of the history and circumstances of Upper Silesia as a borderland between Germany and Poland. Describes the plebiscite and the issues which arose afterward. 620.

. "German-Polish Pact of 1934 as a Factor in Shaping the Relations of Two Neighbour Peoples." International Affairs 13 (1934), 792-814.

621.

. "National Minorities in Europe: Poles in Germany." Slavonic and East European Review 15 (1936), 165-176.

622.

. Polish Memoirs of William John Rose. Edited by Daniel Stone. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1975. 248pp. Recounts the experiences of a well-known Polish scholar, whose sympathy for Poland developed as a result of having spent 4 years stuck in a Silesian village during World War I. When the war ended, he rushed to Paris to represent the interests of Poland to the western allies.

623.

. "Polish Silesian Literature." 1936), 601-612.

624.

. "Sociology of Frontiers." Sociological Review 11 (April 1935), 201-219.

Slavonic Review 14 (April

625. Santoro, Cesare. Through Poland During the Elections of 1930. Geneva: A. Kundig, 1931. 44pp. Eye-witness account by a foreign journalist who observed Germans being denied the vote, a German newspaper in Poznan being closed down and German politicians being arrested. 626. Schmidt, Axel B. Germans in Poland. London: Williams and Norgate, 1929. 18pp.

80

Polish-German Borderlands Describes the persecution of the German minority in Upper Silesia and the Corridor. Suggests that it is more advantageous for Silesians to learn German than Polish because Germany has the higher civilization.

627. Schmitt, Bernadotte E., ed. Some Political Problems of Contemporary Europe. Williamstown, Mass.: Institute of Politics, 1925. 251pp. Reports of a meeting at the Institute. One session discussed GermanPolish relations and their conflicts over the Corridor. 628. Schmitz, Hans J. Colonization of the Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia. Schneidemuhl, Germany: Verlag der Grenzmarkischen Heimatblatter, 1938. 68pp. Describes the concerted effort of Germany to repopulate and invigorate the district on the German side of the Polish Corridor border. 629. Seeds of Conflict, Series 6: Pandora's Treaties: Minority Settlements in Central Europe after World War I. Nendeln, Liechtenstein: KTO Press, 1978. Vol. 4, "Minorities in Poland" reprints documents in several languages that cover all aspects of Poland's interwar minorities problems. 630. Staehler, R Dismemberment of Upper Silesia. London: Williams & Norgate, 1929. 25pp. Presents the German point of view of the results of the plebiscite in Upper Silesia. Great harm has been done to the economy and people are being forced to polonize in schools, politics, and at work. 631. Stein, Stanley M. "German-Polish Relations from Munich Conference to the Fourth Partition of Poland." Ph.D. diss., American University, 1964. 204pp. DA25/05-A,p.3091. 632. Stone, Julius. Regional Guarantees of Minority Rights: A Study of Minorities Procedure in Upper Silesia. New York: Macmillan, 1933. 313pp. Discusses the League of Nation's guarantees of minority rights, the varieties of recourse available, and the cases brought before the regional arbitrators. 633. Survey of International Affairs. London: R Milford, Oxford University Press, issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1920-1963. An annual publication that has many articles on Poland, Germany, and the Polish Corridor during the interwar years. Examples are "Relations Between Germany and Poland, 1926-32," pp.311-370, and "Poland and Danzig, 1926-32," pp.370-394, 1932 volume.

Interwar Period 634.

81

. Supplement: Documents on International Affairs. London: Oxford University Press, issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1929-1973. An irregular publication that contains important primary sources for German-Polish relations, including diplomatic memoranda, treaties, conference statements, etc.

635. Symonolewicz, Konstanty. Studies in Nationality and Nationalism in Poland Between the Two World Wars (1919-1939): A Bibliographic Survey. New York: Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, 1944. 73pp. 636. Szczepariski, Aleksander. "Export Trade of Upper Silesia." Translated from Polish. Baltic and Scandinavian Countries 3 (May 1937), 263-269. 637. Szczepkowski, J. J. "Behind the German-Polish Situation." America 12 (Aug. 1931), 393-397.

Poland

638. Szeruda, J. "Protestant Churches of Poland." Slavonic Review 16 (April 1938), 616-628. Discusses the problems of minority German Protestant churches in western Poland. 639. Townsend, Mary E. "German and Polish Conflicting Interests." Current History 32 (May 1930), 333-336. 640. Urban, Laszlo K. "German Property Interests in Poland During the 1920's." East European Quarterly 10:2 (1976), 181-221. 641. Volz, Wilhelm T. Eastern Germany Colonial Reservation. 2d ed. German Testimonies, no. 2. Warsaw: Western Press Agency, 1957. 55pp. Presents statistics first gathered by Leipzig University in the interwar period on economic conditions in eastern Germany. 642. Von Gerlach, R "Junker Paradise [Silesia]." Living Age 326 (Sept. 26, 1925), 667-670. 643. VonRiekhoff,Harald. German-Polish Relations, 1918-1933. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1971. 421pp. Criticizes both Germany and Poland for their attitudes in the interwar period. Germany refused to accept the reality of the status quo and Poland was too harsh on her German minorities.

82 644.

Polish-German Borderlands . "Revisionism vs Reconciliation: Germany's Poland Policy During the Period of the Weimar Republic." Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1965. 431pp. DA 26/04-A, p.2306.

645. Wajda, Stanislaw. "International Status of the River Odra and Poland's Position in the Years Between the Wars, 1918-1938." Polish Western Affairs 18:1 (1977), 144-161. 646. Wambaugh, Sarah. "Silesia, a Model for the Ruhr." Our World 5 (Aug. 1924), 14-19. 647. Wandycz, Piotr S. Polish Diplomacy 1914-45: Aims and Achievements, Together with a Bibliographical Essay on Works Dealing with Recent Polish Diplomatic History. London: School of Slavonic and East European Studies; distributed by Orbis Books, 1988. 139pp. Analyzes Poland's relations with other European countries during the interwar period. Concludes that her diplomacy was faulty but her alternatives were non-existent. Believes that Poland's spiritual strength was an important factor. 648. Warner, F. Sufferings of Eastern Germany. Berlin: Verlag von R. Hobbing, 1931. 66pp. Paints a gloomy picture of the lives of Germans living in Poland in the interwar period, and states that their situation will improve only "if Poland... ceases its battle for the soul of these Germans." 649. W^sicki, Jan. "Origins of 'Grenzmark Posen-Westpreussen' Province." Polish Western Affairs 6:1 (1965), 150-170. 650. W^sowicz, Jozef. Language in Silesia in the Light of German Science. German Testimonies, no. 3. Poznan: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1947. 23pp. Examines the interwar conclusions of German researchers regarding the use and distribution of German and Polish in Upper Silesia. 651. Weinberg, Gerhard L. "German Policy and Poland, 1937-38." Polish Review 20:1 (1975), 5-23. 652. Weinstein, Jozef. Upper Silesia: A Country of Contrasts. Paris: Gebethner& Wolff, 1931. 104pp. Defends the Polishness of Upper Silesia, using demographic and linguistic statistics and historical quotations to support the concept.

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Interwar Period

653. Wertheimer, Mildred S. "German-Polish Relations: Danzig, the Polish Corridor, East Prussia, Upper Silesia." Foreign Policy Reports 3:12 (Aug. 17, 1927), 169-184. Describes the Versailles settlement and the problems that have ensued. Observed that both German and Polish publications are unreliable because they are full of biased statements. 654. Winter, Nevin O. New Poland: The Story of the Resurrection of a Submerged People. Boston: L.C. Page, 1923. 369pp. Writes his impressions of Poland after visiting in 1922-23. Sketches the history and explains its economic and political problems, particularly in its relations with Germany. Traveled in the borderlands and notes changes since his last visit. 655. Wirth, F. "Germans in Poland." 1939), 352-356.

Contemporary Review 156 (Sept.

656. Wiskemann, Elizabeth. "Poland and Germany Today." Review 119 (1923), 993-1004. 657.

Fortnightly

. "Poland and Germany Today." Fortnightly Review 146 (July-Dec. 1935), 304-313.

658. Wolkowinska, M. C. "Recent Developments in German-Polish Relations." Poland 10 (June 1929), 395-399. 659. Woytak, Richard A. "On the Border of War and Peace: The Role of Intelligence and the Frontier in Polish Foreign Policy, 1938-1939." Ph.D. diss., University of California, Santa Barbara, 1976. 281pp. DA 38/04-A, p.2284. 660. Wright, Q. "End of a Period of Transition: The Upper Silesian Question." American Journal of International Law 31 (Oct. 1937), 604613. 661. Wrzesiriski, Wojciech. "Union of Poles in Germany, 1922-1939." Polish Western Affairs 9:1 (1968), 19-43. 662. Wynot, Edward D., Jr. "Case of German Schools in Polish Upper Silesia, 1922-1939." Polish Review 19:2 (1974), 47-69. Both Germans and Poles tried to use the schools to advance their own nationality causes. Poles resisted ongoing germanization and Germans complained to the League arbitrators.

84 663.

Polish-German Borderlands . "Polish Germans, 1919-1939: National Minority in a Multinational State." Polish Review 17:1 (1972), 23-64. Discusses many facets of minority German life in Poland between the wars. He notes there were some German revisionists in Poland who continued to stir up trouble. Thinks that the Polish government was not overly oppressive to Germans.

Chapter 5

WORLD WAR E PERIOD World War n began with a sudden attack on Poland by Germany across the borderlands. Both Germany and the Polish Government in Exile in London quickly published charges and countercharges regarding provocations and atrocities, in an effort to gain the sympathy of the neutral United States. Many civilians and combatants who were in the borderlands during 1939-1945 have written accounts of their war experiences. An unexpected group of memoirs comesfromAllied prisoners of war who spent time in POW camps in the eastern Reich and western Poland. Some servicemen tried escaping and were recaptured, and others worked with Polish laborers in mines and factories. Most Allied POWs were forced to march westward through the borderlands in the winter of 1944-45 to avoid being liberated by the approaching Soviet troops. Terrorized German civilians, mostly women and children, fled the advancing Russians with inadequate preparation. The winter weather, uncertain transportation, and Soviet air attacks caused terrible suffering and loss of life. WARTIME PUBLICATIONS 664. Alan, Allan E. Post-war Europe: Germany or Poland? London: Printed by F. Mildner & Sons, 1944. 46pp. Presents ideas on managing postwar Germany, including limiting its boundaries and preventing it from starting another war. Would set Poland's western border at the Oder-Neisse Rivers, with the Baltic islands thrown in. 665. Allyn, Emily. "Polish-German Relations in Pomerania and East Prussia." Bulletin of the Polish Institute ofArts and Sciences in America 2:3 (April 1944), 822-858.

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Polish-German Borderlands

666. Baginski, Henryk. Poland and the Baltic: The Problem of Poland's Access to the Sea. Translated from Polish. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1942. 211pp. Traces the historic relationship of Poland to the Baltic Sea and concludes that there can be no Polish independence without access to the sea. 667.

. Poland's Freedom of the Sea. Translated from Polish. Kirkcaldy, Scotland: Allen Lithographic Co., 1942. 137pp. Links the future success of the Polish nation to its control of the Baltic coast.

668. Boundaries of Poland. Birkenhead, Eng.: Polish Publications Committee, 1943? 15pp. Suggests postwar solutions to the Polish-German boundary conflict, including the need to shift populations so that no Pole is governed by Germany and no German remains in Poland. 669. British War Blue Book: Documents Concerning German-Polish Relations and the Outbreak of Hostilities Between Great Britain and Germany on September 3rd, 1939. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1939. 195pp. Great Britain's version of the diplomacy surrounding the beginning of World WarH. 670. Documents on the Events Preceding the Outbreak of the War. Compiled by the German Foreign Office. Berlin: German Foreign Office and German Library of Information, 1939. 549pp. Presents the German version of the diplomacy surrounding the beginning of World WarH. 671. Documents on the Origin of the War: A White Book. Reichsdruckerei for the German Foreign Office, 1939. 357pp. Similar to the collection above.

Berlin:

672. Documents Relating to the Administration of Occupied Countries in Eastern Europe. New York: Polish Information Center, 1940-1941. 8 pamphlets. These short pamphlets describe what has been happening in Poland since the German and Soviet invasions. The titles are no.l. German Exploitation of Polish Forests, no.2. German Destruction of Cultural Life in Poland, no.3. German Organization of Distribution in Poland, no.4. German Persecution of Religious Life in Poland, no. 5. Soviet Occupation of Poland, no.6. German Organization of the Courts in the General Government of Poland, no.7. German Iron and Steel Policies,

World WarH Period

87

no.8. Extermination of the Polish People and Colonization by German Nationals. 673. Evans, Jon. Nazi New Order in Poland. London: V. Gollancz, 1941. 184pp. Describes Nazi attempts to incorporate the Polish economy into the German war effort by annexing the borderlands, taking over Silesian coal and steel production, and mobilizing Polish workers. Closed down educational, cultural and religious institutions and confiscated Polish libraries and art collections. 674. Gayre, Gayre R. Teuton and Slav on the Polish Frontier: A Diagnosis of the Racial Basis of the Germano-Polish Borderlands, with Suggestions for the Settlement of German and Slav Claims. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1944. 76pp., 8 maps. Agrees that Poland's postwar border should be at the Oder-Neisse Rivers. Suggests that the borderlands population be divided by ethnic type, which can be determined by body, skull, and coloration. Many "Germans" in the east are really Slav and should be persuaded to become "Polish" or should be movedfromPoland. 675. German Atrocities in Poland: Some Facts. Free Europe Pamphlet, no. 1. London: Free Europe, 1940. 36pp. Reports the methods by which Germany is subduing Poland, including massacres, executions, concentration camps, forced labor, and forced evacuation of people from western areas. 676. German Crimes in Poland. London; Warsaw: Polish Central Commission for Investigation of German Crimes in Poland, 1946-47. 2 vols. Uses documents, photographs and maps to describe Germany's treatment of Poland during the war. 677. German Failures in Poland: Natural Obstacles to Nazi Population Policy. London: Cornwall Press, for the Polish Research Centre, 1942. 30pp. Despite Germany's attempts to incorporate western Poland into the Reich, the Polish people are standing fast and biding their time. Germany will fail. 678. German Invasion of Poland: Polish Black Book Containing Documents, Authenticated Reports and Photographs. London: Published for the Polish Ministry of Information by Hutchinson, 1940. 128pp.

88

Polish-German Borderlands Includes documents, eyewitness accounts, and numerous photographs to describe the September war.

679. German New Order in Poland. London: Published for the Polish Ministry of Information by Hutchinson, 1942. 585pp. Second volume of the Polish Black Book describing the German occupation through June 1941. 680. German Occupation of Poland: Extract of Note Addressed to the Allied and Neutral Powers. Polish White Book. New York: The Greystone Press and Wydawn. "Roj" in Exile, for the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1942. 240pp. Reproduces the diplomatic note from Auguste Zaleski, and includes 180 documents which support Zaleski's statements regarding the German occupation of Poland. 681. German White Book: Documents Concerning the Last Phase of the German-Polish Crisis. New York: German Library of Information for the German Foreign Office, 1939. 48pp. Germany's version of the diplomatic maneuvering in 1939. 682. German White Paper: Full Text of the Polish Documents. New York: Howell, Soskin, for the German Foreign Office, 1940. 72pp. Reproduces 16 documents allegedly seized from the Polish Foreign Office in Warsaw showing Poland's relations with the United States before the war. The point of the release of the documents was to encourage continued American neutrality. 683. Godden, Gertrude M. Murder of a Nation: German Destruction of Polish Culture. London: Burns, Oats, 1943. 66pp. Describes Germany's attempt to wipe out Polish culture by closing schools, arresting professors, disbanding organizations, seizing archives, libraries, and art collections, and destroying monuments and buildings. Includes a section of the germanization of western Poland. 684.

. Poland, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. London: Burns, Oats, 1940. 129pp. With Germany occupying western Poland and the Soviets in eastern Poland, the author characterizes this as "two sides to the same godless coin." Points out Nazi intentions of "removing over five and half million Poles from their homes in the provinces of Silesia, Poznari, and Pomorze."

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89

685. Grau, Karl F., comp. Silesian Inferno: War Crimes of the Red Army on Its March into Silesia in 1945. Translated from German. Cologne: Informations-und Dokumentationszentrum West, 1970. 210pp. A collection of documents showing the brutality of the Soviet troops as they invaded the Reich at the end of World War H. 686. Grossman, Vladimir. Pan-Germanic Web: Remaking Europe. Toronto: Macmillan Co. of Canada, 1944. 179pp. Discusses Germany's eastward expansion into the borderlands in the context of its general aggression toward other European countries. Suggests that "all German nationals must be removed from Polish territory" at the end of the war, despite the difficulties this will make for the Germans. 687. Halecki, Oscar. "Postwar Poland." Slavonic and East European Review 11 (May 1944), 28-40. When it looked as if the Allies would win the war, Halecki had suggestions for Polish postwar boundaries. 688. Hirsch, F. E. "Poles and Eastern Germany." Current History 8 (April 1945), 294-298. 689. Hlond, Augustus. Persecution of the Catholic Church in GermanOccupied Poland. New York: Longmans, Green, 1941. 123pp. Cardinal Hlond sent these reports to the Vatican describing the killing and deporting of people from the annexed regions and the suppression of church activities in the Generalgouvernement area. Details are given for each diocese in Poland. 690. Information Notes. London: Issued by the Polish Ministry of Preparatory Work Concerning the Peace Conference, 1944-45. 7 pamphlets. The material was assembled to give basic facts to western students and writers on international affairs regarding postwar Poland. The pamphlets on the borderlands are: no.l. East Prussia and Danzig, no.2. Upper Silesia, and no.6. German Minority in Poland and the Problem of Transfer of Population. 691. Jordan, E. L. "Slavs and Germans: Hatred or Cooperation?" Social Studies 35 (May 1944), 195-198. 692. Kammel, Richard. Fate of the German Protestant Parishes in Posen and West Prussia During the Polish Campaign. Translated from German. Berlin: Verlag des Evangelischen Bundes, 1941. 114pp. Churches and pastors were attacked by Poles when Germany launched its

90

Polish-German Borderlands invasion of Poland in 1939. This recounts what happened, from the German point of view.

693. Kaps, Johannes, ed. Martyrdom and Heroism of the Women of East Germany: An Excerpt from the Silesian Passion, 1945-46. Translated from German. Munich: Christ Unterwegs, 1955. 155pp. Another selection of materials from a longer German work describing the invasion of Silesia. 694.

. Martyrdom of Silesian Priests, 1945-1946: Scenes from the Passion of Silesia. Translated from German. Munich: Kirchliche Helfsstelle, 1950. 127pp. Tells the fate of priests, monks, and nuns at the hands of Soviet troops when Germany was invaded.

695.

. Tragedy of Silesia, 1945-46: A Documentary Account with a Special Survey of the Archdiocese of Breslau. Translated from German. Munich: Christ Unterwegs, 1953. 576pp. Eyewitness accounts of the Soviet invasion, attacks by Polish neighbors, and expulsion of Germansfromtheir towns and villages.

696. Kudlicki, Stanislaw. Upper Silesia. London: Polish Research Centre, 1944. 35pp. Sketch of the history of Polish Upper Silesia. 697.

. "Why Die for Danzig?" Journal of Central European Affairs 4(Oct 1944), 274-280. Explains the importance of Danzig for Poland and her western Allies.

698. Machray, Robert. Polish-German Problem: Poland's Western Provinces Are the Condition of Her Independence. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1941. 56pp. Calls for postwar restoration of Polish western districts to Poland. Suggests that it will be necessary to remove all Germans left there when the war ends. 699.

. Problem of Upper Silesia. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1945. 134pp. Based on Kudlicki's Upper Silesia. Asserts that Upper Silesia must be returned to Poland after the war, for both economic and nationality reasons.

700. Matuszewski, Ignacy. What Poland Wants. New York: National Committee of Americans of Polish Descent, 1942. 35pp.

World WarH Period

91

Briefly summarizes Poland's rights, including keeping Pomorze at the end of the war. 701. Max-Muller, William Grenfell. Poland's Access to the Sea. London: Hutchinson, 1944. 23pp. Another statement of Poland's need for a seaport on the Baltic. 702. Mikorska, Maria. Spring Held No Hope. London: M.I. Kolin, 1941. 50pp. She traveled in occupied Poland for many months gathering stories of peoples' experiences in the first year of war. Many of the incidents occurred in the borderlands. 703. Nazi Kultur in Poland. London: Published for the Polish Ministry of Information by H.M.S.O., 1945. 220pp. Written "by several authors of necessity temporarily anonymous" in Poland in 1944. Describes how the Germans have tried to eradicate Polish culture. 704. "Notes and Documents Concerning Poland, Its Postwar Government and Boundaries." Journal of Central European Affairs 5 (April 1945), 5663. 705. Pilsudski, Rowmund. Baltic, Britain, and Peace. Pamphlet, no. 5. London: Free Europe, 1942. 24pp.

Free Europe

706. Poland After One Year of War. London: Published for the Polish Ministry of Information by G. Allen & Unwin, 1941. 77pp. Briefly describes the first year of war, including the German invasion of the borderlands and the expulsion of Poles from the area. 707. Poland and Danzig. London: Printed by Cornwall Press for the Polish Research Centre, 1941. 34pp. Sketches Danzig's history and its place in the Polish national conscience. 708. Poland's Martyrdom: The German Invasion in Photographs and Facts. London: M.I. Kolin, 1940. 50pp. Attempts to present the invasion in all the grisly details to rally British sympathies. 709. Polish Territory Occupied by the Germans. Paris: Angers, 1940. 100pp. 710. Poznariski, Czeslaw. Flaming Border. Translated from Polish. London: Hutchinson, 1944. 91pp.

92

Polish-German Borderlands Briefly discusses Polish-German relations before and after the start of World War II. In the borderlands both German civilians and soldiers have been taught to be contemptuous of Poles.

711. Pragier, Adam Polish Peace Aims. London: MaxLove Publishing Co., 1944. 127pp. Proposes that after the war Poland's western border be moved farther west, Danzig and East Prussia be given to Poland, and Germans be removedfromPolish territory. 712. Quest for German Blood: Policy of Germanization in Poland. London: Polish Ministry of Information, 1943. 60pp. Poles are being expelled from the annexed western provinces of Poland, while anyone with German ancestry is being encouraged to stay. 713. Schadewaldt, Hans, comp. Polish Acts of Atrocity Against the German Minority in Poland. Compilation founded on documentary evidence and published for the German Foreign Office. 2ded. Berlin, 1940. 259pp. Quotes people who witnessed Poles attacking Germans. Explains that the photographs are too shocking for public circulation, therefore that volume can be requested from the New York Office of the German Library of Information by "librarians, medical men, government officials, historians, and other serious students." 714.

. Polish Acts of Atrocity Against the German Minority in Poland: Pictorial Report on Polish Atrocities: Illustrated Supplement. New York: German Library of Information, 1940. 62pp. Photographs "too shocking for general circulation" accompany the narrative above.

715. Segal, Simon. New Order in Poland. New York: Knopf, 1942. 286pp. Argues that Germany "is attempting to carve a colonial empire out of the heart of Europe." In the borderlands which have been annexed by the Third Reich the Germans are ruthlessly deporting and exterminating Poles "to make a new living space for German colonists." British title: Nazi Rule in Poland. 716. Seyda, Maryan. Poland and Germany and the Post-War Reconstruction of Europe. London: Polish Information Centre, 1943. 39pp. Calls for moving the Polish border further west and expelling all Germans from Polish land to give Poland more security. Also suggests that Germany will have to provide reparations.

World Warn Period

93

717. Stewart, J. F. "Changed Baltic." Scottish Geographic Magazine 56 (Nov. 1940), 115-126. Discusses the takeover of Danzig by the Nazis and the German occupation of Poland's seacoast. 718. Sulimirski, Tadeusz. Poland and Germany, Past and Future. London: West Slavonic Bulletin, 1943. 67pp. Traces the background of the Polish-German conflict and suggests that after the war the Polish border should be at the Oder-Neisse Rivers, "the oldest historicalfrontierof Poland." 719. Wierzyriski, Kazimierz. Forgotten Battlefield. Translated from Polish. New York: Roy Publishers, 1944. 179pp. Eyewitness accounts of the German invasion of the borderlands in September 1939. 720. Winiewicz, Jozef M. Aims and Failures of the German New Order: A Study. Chicago: American Polish Council, 1943. 119pp. Describes Nazi attempts to germanize western Poland by expelling Poles and bringing in ethnic German colonists. 721.

. Polish-German Frontier. 2d ed. London: W. Hodge, 1945. 48pp. A former editor of a Polish newspaper in Poznari, the author explains both the German and Polish point of view towards the borderlands. He notes that the area has been a battleground between Poles and Germans. Recommends that after the war the area be given to Poles and the German settlers be transferred to Germany.

722. Wojciechowski, Joseph. Imperialism and the Fate of Poland = Imperialism i Losy Polski. Chicago: Printed at Compo-Printing Service, 1942. 96pp. Sketches Polish history, beginning with 4000 B.C., with some questionable facts, e.g. "Germans are of Asiatic origin." Then criticizes the Pope for not speaking out against the German invasion and urges Polish Americans not to support him. Thinks all the lands that Poland used to have should be returned after the war, with Germans transferred to Germany. 723. Woolsey, L. H. "Polish Boundary Question." American Journal of International Law 38 (July 1944), 441-448.

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FIRST PERSON ACCOUNTS 724. Bannister, Sybil. / Lived Under Hitler: An English Woman's Story. London: Rockliff, 1957. 264pp. After her marriage to a German doctor, Bannister lived in Danzig and Bromberg during the war, fleeing to the west in February 1945 ahead of Soviet troops. Her husband divorced her in 1942. After the war she was able to get custody of her son and take him to England. 725. Borrie, John. Despite Captivity: A Doctor's Life as a Prisoner of War. London: W. Kimber, 1975. 240pp. Borrie, a New Zealander, was captured in 1941 and was sent eventually to the Allied POW camp, Stalag 344, at Lamsdorf. He was assigned to a satellite camp at Blechhammer, southeast of Oppeln. For two years he traveled around the upper Oder region tending prisoners on working parties, picking up medical supplies, and accompanying prisoners to hospitals. He was evacuated by train with ill POWs in the last months of the war. 726. Brickhill, Paul. Great Escape. New York: Norton, 1950. 264pp. Chronicles the well-known escape of 76 Allied POWs who tunnelled out of Stalag Luft HI at Sagan in Silesia. 727. Brown, Kingsley. Bonds of Wire: A Memoir. Toronto: Collins, 1989. 267pp. Spent over 2 years in the borderlands in POW camps at Lamsdorf and Sagan, tried to escape once, and finally marched west with others in the January of 1945. Good descriptions of Polish and German civilians. 728. Brown, Liane I. Refuge. Greenville, S.C.: Unusual Publications, 1987. 199pp. The Guddat family left East Prussia ahead of the Soviet advance but only made it to the borderlands before the war swept over them. Gradually over the next year the Germans were driven out of the western territories to make way for new Polish settlers. The Guddats went to Berlin and then on to West Germany. 729. Brzeska, Maria. Through a Woman's Eyes: Life in Poland Under the German Occupation. London: MaxLove Publishing Co., 1944. 91pp. She lived in western Poland in the annexed region. Describes first having German soldiers billeted with her, then being thrown out of her apartment, and being expelledfromthe region.

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730. Buckham, Robert. Forced March to Freedom: An Illustrated Diary of Two forced Marches and the Interval Between, January to May, 1945. Stittsville, Ont: Canada's Wings, 1984. 98pp. Recounts his experiences marching from Stalag Luft III at Sagan in the dead of winter. Traded Red Cross items with civilians for food along the way. 731. Calnan, Thomas D. Free as a Running Fox. New York: Dial Press, 1970. 323pp. Spent time in the borderlands because he continually tried to escape and so was shuttled back and forth between the camps at Sagan and Schubin. In January 1945 he marched westward with other Allied POWs. 732. Campagna, Vera. Uprooted. Burwood, Aust: Ash & Henry, 1990. 116pp. Her family from Pomerania were part of the postwar exodus of Germans drivenfromthe eastern Reich. 733. Castle, John, pseud. Password Is Courage. New York: Norton, 1955. 287pp. Describes the wartime experiences of Charles Coward. He was in 3 different Allied POW camps in the eastern Reich, as well as with a British working party attached to Auschwitz. He marched west from the camp at Teschen. 734. Chadwick, Kamilla C. War According to Anna: A Paean to My Mother. Woodside, CA: Seven Stones Press, 1986. 132pp. During the war, Chadwick's family was evacuated from Berlin to a Silesian village 30 miles from the Polish border. She describes their experiences trying to leave Silesia ahead of Soviet troops. 735. Chiesl, Oliver M. Clipped Wings. Dayton, Ohio: R.W. Kimball, 1948. Describes his life as a POW in the south compound of Stalag Luft HI at Sagan. 736. Collins, Douglas. P.O.W. New York: Norton, 1958. 310pp. The Germans sent him to Gleiwitz and Stalag 344 at Lamsdorf when he was captured. He repeatedly escaped and was recaptured further south in Europe, until he was picked up by the U.S. Air Force in Romania after that country collapsed. 737. Coward, Roger V. Sailors in Cages. London: Macdonald, 1967. 237pp. Captured early in the war, Coward spent the next years in Allied POW

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Polish-German Borderlands camps in the borderlands. He marched westward for 12 weeks before being liberated.

738. Daniel, Eugene L. In the Presence of Mine Enemies: An American Chaplain in World War II German Prison Camps. Attleboro, Mass., 1985. 112pp. Spent the war in Stalag Luft III at Sagan and marched west in January 1945 ahead of the Soviet advance. 739. Diggs, J. Frank. Welcome Swede. New York: Vantage Press, 1988. 178pp. Describes the war experiences of Henry Soderberg, a Swede who worked for the International YMCA in Germany. He traveled around the eastern Reich and western Poland taking recreational equipment, books, and other entertainment materials to Allied POW camps. He traveled freely, observing and talking with civilians. 740. Dobran, Edward A. P.O. W., the Story of an American Prisoner of War During World War II. New York: Exposition Press, 1953. 123pp. Imprisoned at Stalag Luft IV, Grosstychow/Kiefheide, 60 miles west of Danzig. On the march west in February 1945 he had dealings with civilians, forced laborers, and Russian prisoners of war. 741. Durand, Arthur A. "Stalag Luft HI: An American Experience in a World War H German Prisoner of War Camp." Ph.D. diss., Louisiana State University, 1976. DA 76/25, p.259. 742.

. Stalag Luft III: The Secret Story. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988. 412pp. Combines his personal experiences with a general history of the Allied POW camp at Sagan.

743. Ferguson, Clarence. Kreigsgefangener 3074, Prisoner-Of-War. Waco, Tex.: Texian Press, 1983. 295pp. After his capture, he was sent to Qfficeren Lager 64 at Schubin, south of Danzig. He was there until the camp was evacuated to the west in January 1945. 744. Francke, Gunhild. Last Train West. London: Hodden & Stoughton, 1977. 102pp. The Francke family from Silesia was told to leave with other civilians when the Soviet Army approached. Good descriptions of the cold snowy weather and the lack of transportation and food as they made their way

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west. Francke blamed her misery on the Allied armies with no thought as to why they were fighting Germany. 745. Grogan, John P. Dieppe and Beyond: For a Dollar and a Haifa Day. Renfrew, Ont: Juniper Books, 1982. 118pp. Captured and sent to Stalag 344, Lamsdorf, in 1942. He spent the next 2 plus years in the borderlands impatiently waiting for the war to end. Was marched west into Czechoslovakia with other POWs. 746. Haring, Bernhard. Embattled Witness: Memories of a Time of War. New York: Seabury Press, 1976. 116pp. Haring was a German Catholic priest who functioned as a medic on the eastern front. He was on the peninsula north of Danzig when the Germans were overrun by the Soviets. A Polish family "adopted" him, claimed he was Polish, and thus rescued himfrombeing sent to Russia as a German POW. He conducted church services in the area until he escaped to Germany in the fall of 1945. 747. Harrison, Jack S. Flight from Youth: The Story of an American Prisoner of War: Training, Combat and Capture, How I Was Treated. Madison, Wis., 1973. 85pp. Sent to Stalag Luft HI at Sagan in 1944. Spent the fell there and was part of the forced march of Allied prisoners of war in January 1945. 748. Harsh, George. Lonesome Road. New York: Norton, 1971. 222pp. His previous experience on a Georgia chain gang gave him the knowledge and self-reliance to endure capture and imprisonment in a German POW camp at Sagan, Stalag Luft HI. He drew on his background to survive the forced march westward. 749. H&ion, Jean. They Shall Not Have Me: The Capture, Forced Labor, and Escape of a French Prisoner of War. New York: Dutton, 1943. 435pp. Captured early in the war, Helion was sent to Stalag U-B, Hammerstein, Pomerania, north of Posen. From there he was sent as a farm laborer to a Pomeranian estate near Stolp. He includes long descriptions of Polish peasants, ferm work, and German overseers. He escaped in 1942 and made his way to unoccupied France. 750. Hollingworth, Clare. Three Weeks' War in Poland. London: Duckworth, 1940. 180pp. As correspondent for the London Daily Telegraph, she arrived in Poland on August 26, 1939. She drove to the German border and was in Katowice with friends when the war started. After covering the invasion

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Polish-German Borderlands she fled to Warsaw and then traveled south to the Romanian border with the British ambassador.

751. Howell, Forrest W. Whispers of Death: Yankee Kriegies. Moore Haven, Fla.: Rainbow Books, 1985. 167pp. He was captured late in the war and was sent to Stalag Luft IV at Grosstychow/Kiefheide in eastern Pomerania. He marched west with other POWs. 752. James, B. A. Moonless Night: One Man's Struggle for Freedom, 19401945. London: W. Kimber, 1983. 224pp. Because he continually tried to escape, James was shuffled around several POW camps in western Poland until the Germans got fed up and sent him and several other troublemakers to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. 753. Janis, Charles G. Barbed Boredom: A Souvenir Book of Stalag Luft IV. Irvington, N.J., 1950. 209pp. Imprisoned in Pomerania at Grosstychow/Kiefheide. 754. Kee, Robert. Crowd Is Not Company. 2d ed. London: J. Cape, 1982. 240pp. After capture by the Germans he spent the rest of the war in Stalag Luft IE at Sagan. Describes camp life, activities, attempted escapes, and deteriorating conditions. Marched west in January 1945. 755. Kospoth, B. J. Red Wins. London: Macdonald, 1946. 220pp. After being in German prison camps, he was sent as a farm laborer to a Pomeranian estate near Bredow. After a time Baron von Kirdorff asked him to catalog his library. When Soviet troops arrived, Kospoth and a French POW took off on their own, trying to pass through the lines to the west. Much of the book describes their wanderings in the borderlands in the spring of 1945. 756. Krockow, Christian von. Hour of the Women: Based on a Narrative by Libussa Fritz-Krockow. Translated from German. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. 214pp. The von Krockow estate in Pomerania was overrun by Soviet troops in the spring of 1945. Libussa recounts her experiences with Russian and Polish soldiers, and Polish civilians. She describes how difficult it was to survive in the months following the end of the war, with no food, no medicine, and increasingly harsh restrictions put on the German minority in the area.

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757. Krutein, Eva. Eva's War: A True Story of Survival. Albuquerque, NM: Amador Publishers, 1990. 253pp. Recounts being stranded with a baby in Danzig in the winter of 1944-45. Thanks to naval officer friends of her husband, she was evacuated by ship at the last minute. Describes the experiences of German Danzigers in the last months of the war. 758. Kydd, Sam. For You the War Is Over. London: Bachman & Turner, 1973. 315pp. Captured early in the war and imprisoned at Stalag XX-A near Thorn. After being forced to march west, his group was overrun by Soviet troops. 759. Ludden, Robert W. Barbed Wire Interlude: A Souvenir of Kriegsgefangenenlager der Luftwaffe Nr. 4, Deutschland, 1944. Baltimore: Printed by National Advertising Co., 1945. 77pp. Was a prisoner at Stalag Luft IV near Grosstychow/Kiefheide, Poland. 760. McKellar, Angus D. Turmoil to Triumph: The Odyssey of Captain Harris O. Machus Through Six War-Devastated countries in Search of Survival. 1st ed. Birmingham, Mich.: Brookside Publications, 1987. 257pp. Machus was captured in Tunisia and sent to Oflag 64 at Schubin by way of Italy and western Germany. He went east into Poland when the camp was marched west in 1945. He describes his experiences with Poles while trying to be repatriated. 761. Meltesen, Clarence R. Roads to Liberation from Oflag 64. 2ded. San Francisco: Oflag 64 Press, 1990. 535pp. Tells the collective story of the 1500 U.S. army officers at Oflag 64, Schubin, in January 1945. Using written and oral accounts, he describes their life in the camp and their evacuation ahead of Soviet troops. 762. Neary, Robert P. Stalag Luft III: A Collection of German Prison Camp Sketches, with Descriptive Text Based on Personal Experiences. Philadelphia: Thomason Press, 1946. 83pp. Half-title: Stalag Luft HI, Sagan, Nuernberg, Moosberg. 763. Neave, Airey. They Have Their Exits. Boston: Little, Brown, 1953. 275pp. The title refers to his successful escapes from Stalag XX-A near Thorn and from Colditz. He and afriendtraveled eastward in Poland after their first escape.

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764. OTDonnell, Joseph P. Shoe Leather Express: The Evacuation of Kriegsgefangenen Lager Stalag Luft TV Deutschland Germany. Robbinsville, N.J., 1982. 106pp. Describes life in the POW camp at Grosstychow/Kiefheide southwest of Danzig. The Allied prisoners' 600 mile forced march westward took 86 days. Also tells of experiences on the march. 765.

. Luftgangsters: Book II of the Shoe Leather Express. Robbinsville, N.J., 1986. 125pp.

766.

. Pangs of the Thorn: Book III of the Shoe Leather Express, a Collection of True Stories of Prisoners of War in Japan and Nazi Germany in World War II. Hamilton, N.J.: Printed by the Repro-Center forJP.O'Donnell, 1989. 272pp. Includes more information about the German camp at Grosstychow /Kiefheide, including maps and sketches of the camp layout.

767. Pape, Richard. Boldness Be My Friend. Rev. ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984. 420pp. An RAF navigator who spent much of the war in the borderlands in various prison camps, work camps and on the run trying to evade recapture. He was at Stalag VIH-B, Teschen, among others. He worked in the Hohenzollern Mine for a while, and masqueraded as a Croat stonemason another time. 768. Philpot, Oliver. Stolen Journey. New York: Dutton, 1952. 448pp. While in Stalag Luft i n at Sagan he participated in the famous "wooden horse tunnel" escape, made his way north to Danzig, and got out of the Reich by ship. 769. Portway, Christopher. Journey to Dana. London: W. Kimber, 1955. 248pp. Imprisoned in Stalag VIH-B at Teschen in Upper Silesia. For a time he worked in a coal mine near Gleiwitz. In January 1945 his mining camp was marched southwest into Czechoslovakia. 770. Sage, Jerry. Sage. Wayne, PA: Miles Standish Press, 1985. 470pp. Was on an O.S.S. assignment when he was captured. He posed as a US airman and was sent to Stalag Luft III at Sagan. He also spent time in Oflag 64 at Schubin. When the Schubin camp was marched westward, he escaped east into Poland. 771. Sajer, Guy. Forgotten Soldier. Translated from French. New York: Harper Row, 1971. 465pp.

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A classic memoir of a German soldier's experiences on the eastern front and along the Baltic coast. His descriptions capture the exhausting and pointless horrors of the foot soldier. 772. Shelton, Regina M. To Lose a War: Memories of a German Girl. Carbondale, 111.: Southern Illinois University Press, 1982. 228pp. Gina and her family lived in a Silesian village near Glatz and the Czech border. She tells of life after the war when Poles began to move into the area. Germans were excluded from jobs and houses. To survive she exchanged her dead brothers' clothes for food. In the winter of 1946 the Polish authorities began to expel the Germans from Silesian villages and towns to Germany. 773. Shinn, Roger L. Wars and Rumors of Wars. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1972. 298pp. A U.S. army officer who was captured and sent to Oflag 64 at Schubin, Poland. When the camp was marched west, he had some contact with civilians because he could speak a little German. 774. Simmons, Kenneth W. Kriegie. New York: Nelson, 1960. 265pp. Good descriptions of Poles and Germans on the march west from Stalag Luft m at Sagan. 775. Smith, Sydney. Wings Day, the Man Who Led the RAF's Epic Battle in German Captivity. London: Collins, 1968. 252pp. Describes the experiences of Harry M. Day, a RAF officer who repeatedly tried to escape from various German prison camps in the eastern Reich. He eventually ended up in the German concentration camp system. U.S. title: Mission Escape. 776. Spivey, Delmar T. POW Odyssey: Recollections of Center Compound, Stalag Luft III, and the Secret German Peace Mission in World War II. Attleboro, Mass., 1984. 180pp. An American general who was imprisoned in Stalag Luft in, Sagan, and marched west into the Reich as the Soviets approached. In March 1945 he was taken to Berlin to meet with German officials, and in April was helped to cross the border into Switzerland. 777. Thrower, Derek. Lonely Path to Freedom. London: Hale, 1980. 159pp. A British airman who was captured and imprisoned in Stalag Luft HI at Sagan. 778. Tute, Warren. Escape Route Green. London: Dent, 1971. 175pp. Recounts the experiences of Britisher Leonard Green who was captured

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by the Germans in 1940 and sent to Stalag XX-A, Thorn. Eventually he and afriendescaped north to Danzig and left the Reich by ship. 779. Vincent, Adrian. Long Road Home. London: Allen & Unwin, 1956. 208pp. Captured near Calais in 1940 and shipped to Stalag 344, Lamsdorf. Was put to work first in a cement factory near Oppeln, and then in a coal mine near Sosnowiec in western Poland. Includes good descriptions of relations with Polish workers, including exchanging Red Cross items for needed clothes and food. 780. Westheimer, David. Sitting It Out: A World War II POW Memoir. Houston, Tex.: Rice University Press, 1992. 358pp. He was captured in Italy and eventually sent to Stalag Luft HI at Sagan in the eastern Reich. He was forced to march west with other POWs to escape approaching Soviet troops. 781. Williams, Eric E. Tunnel Escape. New York: Berkley, 1963. 190pp. Tells the story of the famous Sagan tunnel through which 76 Allied prisoners of war escaped. Most were recaptured and 50 were killed by the Germans to discourage further escape attempts. 782.

. Wooden Horse. New York: Harper, 1950. 255pp. Describes the "wooden horse" tunnel episode in Stalag Luft in, Sagan, when 3 men tunneled outfrombeneath a vaulting "horse" sitting in plain sight of the Germans. Williams went north to the Baltic coast and finally stowed away on a ship going to Denmark.

783. Younger, Calton. No Flight from the Cage. London: Muller, 1956. 254pp. Sent to Sagan after capture, he was transferred to a new camp at Heydekrug, Stalag Luft VI, near Memel. In late summer of 1944 the camp was moved to Stalag 357 near Thorn and Stalag Luft IV at Grosstychow /Kiefheide. In the winter the POWs were again on the move further west into the Reich.

HISTORICAL STUDIES 784. Botwinick, Rita S. "Story of Winzig, 1933-1945: Silesian Fate in Microcosm." Ph.D. diss., St. John's University, 1973. 175pp. DA 34/06-A, p.3287.

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785. Crawley, Aidan. Escape from Germany: The Methods of Escape Used by RAFAirmen During the War. London: H.M.S.O., 1985. 352pp. This is a complete official edition of a 1956 book that was expurgated to preserve British intelligence secrets. Tells the story of RAF escapes from German POW camps in the eastern Reich. Also describes the forced westward marches of Allied prisoners through the borderlands ahead of approaching Soviet troops. 786. Cyprian, Tadeusz, and Jerzy Sawicki. Nazi Rule in Poland, 1939-1945. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1961. 261pp. A history of the military occupation of Poland. Quotes documents which tell of Nazi plans for the borderlands. 787. Dobroszycki, Lucjan. "Polish-Language Press in German-Occupied Poland, 1939-1945." Polish Review 16:1 (1971), 7-30. 788. Dobson, Christopher, John Miller, and Ronald Payne. Cruelest Night. Boston: Little, Brown, 1979. 223pp. A detailed history of the mass evacuation of German civilians, soldiers, and sailors from along the Baltic coast in the late winter of 1944-45. Under terrible weather conditions and constant Soviet attacks the German navy managed to evacuate over 2 million people. 789. Duffy, Christopher. Red Storm on the Reich: The Soviet March on Germany, 1945. New York: Atheneum; Maxwell Macmillan International, 1991. 403pp. Traces events from the opening of the Soviet offensive on the Vistula to the assault on Berlin. Compares Soviet and German accounts to describe the troop movements across the borderlands and the suffering of civilians in the way. 790. Dulczewski, Zygmunt. "War Migrations in the Western Territories, 1939-1945." Polish Western Affairs 6:2 (1965), 290-313. Compares the brutal and forced labor of the Poles in Germany during the war with the humane and welcoming treatment of Germans by Poland when it took over the borderlands after the war. 791. Erickson, John. Road to Berlin: Continuing the History of Stalin's War With Germany. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1983. 877pp. Describes the Soviet sweep through Poland into Germany, with about 90 pages on the fighting in the borderlands. 792. Foy, David A. For You the War Is Over: American Prisoners of War in Nazi Germany. New York: Stein and Day, 1984. 200pp.

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Polish-German Borderlands Describes what happened to American servicemen after they were captured by German forces. Includes much detail about the POW camps, many of which were in the eastern borderlands of the Reich and in Poland.

793. Gumkowski, Janusz, and Kazimierz Leszczyriski. Poland under Nazi Occupation. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1961. 219pp. A history of the German takeover of Poland, including the annexation of the western borderlands and the expulsion of Poles from the area. 794. Jonca, Karol. "Destruction of Breslau': The Final Struggle of Germans in Wroclaw in 1945." Polish Western Affairs 2:2 (1961), 309-339. 795. Kamenetsky, Ihor. "German Lebensraum Policy in Eastern Europe During World War H." Ph.D. diss., University of Illinois, 1957. 272pp. DA 18/02, p.641. 796.

. Secret Nazi Plans for Eastern Europe: A Study of Lebensraum Policies. New York: Bookman Associates, 1961. 261pp. Describes the formulation and execution of Nazi plans to clear the western borderlands and resettle them with ethnic Germans from the Soviet Union and the Baltic region.

797. Koburger, Charles W., Jr. Steel Ships, Iron Crosses, and Refugees: The German Navy in the Baltic, 1939-1945. New York: Praeger, 1989. 133pp. A particular approach to the borderlands, from the viewpoint of the German navy in World War n. Includes a section on "the swirling nightmare" of wartime evacuation of over 2 million people from the Baltic seacoast in the last months of the war. 798. Koehl, Robert L. "Deutsche Volksliste in Poland 1939-1945." Journal of Central European Affairs 15 (1956), 354-366. 799.

. "RKFDV: German Resettlement and Population Policy in Poland, 1939-1945." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1950. 404pp.

800.

. RKFDV: German Resettlement and Population Policy, 19391945: A History of the Reich Commission for the Strengthening of Germandom. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1957. 263pp. Follows the origins, operations and results of the Reichskommissariat fur die Festigung deutschen Volkstums, which was the German government

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agency responsible for expelling the Poles and resettling ethnic Germans in western Poland. 801. Kowalski, Wlodzimierz T. "Western Powers and the Polish-German Frontier During the Second World War, 1943-1945." Polish Western Affairs 6:1 (1965), 85-120. 802. Lesniewski, Andrzej. 1939-1950 Population Movements Between the Oder and Bug Rivers. Poznan; Warsaw: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1961. 108pp. In the borderlands during the war Germany replaced Poles with ethnic Germans from the Baltic states and the Soviet Union. When Soviet troops approached, many Germans were transferred into Germany proper. The Potsdam agreement enforced the transfer. 803. Mason, Walter Wynne. Prisoners of War. Wellington, N.Z.: War History Branch, Dept. of Internal Affairs, 1954. 546pp. A detailed history of New Zealand's military personnel who were captured by the enemy in World War H. Includes a good description of life in the POW camps of the eastern Reich and of the forced marches westward. It lacks individual names of "Kiwis" who wrote memoirs and gave interviews. 804. Mazur, Zbigniew. "Poland's Western Frontier in the State Department's Concepts During World War H." Polish Western Affairs 21:2 (1980), 274-296. 805. Orzechowski, Marian. "German Emigrants and the Polish Western Frontier During the Second World War." Polish Western Affairs 2:2 (1961), 284-308. 806.

. "Polish Conceptions of the Polish-German Frontier During World War H." Polish Western Affairs 11:2 (1970), 234-270. During the war many Poles foresaw the need for a compact and homogeneous postwar Poland, with a short border at the Oder-Neisse Line, a seacoast which included Danzig, and elimination of German control of East Prussia on the north.

807. Polonsky, Antony, ed. Great Powers and the Polish Question, 1941-45: A Documentary Study in Cold War Origins. London: London School of Economics and Political Science; distributed by Orbis Books, 1976. 282pp. Largely a collection of documents from various U.S., British, Polish and

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Polish-German Borderlands Russian sources which show the complexity of negotiations over where to establish postwar Polish boundaries.

808. Popiolek, Kaiimierz. Silesia in German Eyes, 1939-1945. Translated from Polish. Katowice: Wydawn. Sl^sk, for the Silesian Institute, 1964. 238pp. Uses captured German sources to describe the wartime German efforts to destroy Polish culture and language in occupied Silesia. Also discusses how the Poles formed a resistance movement. 809. Popiolek, Kazimierz, and Waclaw Sobanski. Last Attempt to Germanize Opole Silesia. German Testimonies, no. 4. Poznari; Warsaw: Western Press Agency, 1959. 82pp. Reprints German documents which reveal how severely Germany suppressed the Poles in Silesia at the beginning of the war. 810. Popiolek, Oswald S. Museum of Martyrology of Prisoners of War in Lambinowice. Katowice: Wydawn. Artystyczno-Graficzne, 1971. 6pp. Gives the history of the German POW camp for Allied prisoners which was located in the borderlands at Lamsdorf (Lambinowice). Includes Poland's statistics on the number of POWs who were held in the borderlands. 811. Pospieszalski, Karol. Case of 58,000 Volksdeutsche: An Investigation into Nazi Claims Concerning Losses of the German Minority in Poland Before and During September 1939. 2d ed. Poznari: Instytut Zachodni, 1981. 268pp. Investigates German claims that thousands of Polish Germans were killed at the time of the Nazi invasion of the Polish Corridor. Both sides agree that the number was greatly exaggerated for propaganda purposes. Includes Polish and English text. 812. Raack, R. C. "Stalin fixes the Oder-Neisse Line." Contemporary History 15 (Oct. 1990), 467-488.

Journal of

813. Rhode, Gotthold, and Wolfgang Wagner, ed. Genesis of the Oder-Neisse Line in the Diplomatic Negotiations During World War II: Sources and Documents. Stuttgart: Brentano Verlag, 1959. 287pp. Constitutes vol. 2 of a historical study by Wolfgang Wagner, cited below. The documentary sources support the narrative. 814. Rolf, David. Prisoners of the Reich: Germany's Captives, 1939-1945. London: L. Cooper, 1988. 226pp. Tells the stories of the thousands of German POWs who did not try to

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escape but waited out the war in the camps in the eastern Reich and Poland. Describes the forced marches westward in front of the Soviet advance and estimates that there were roughly 240,000 Allied POWs on the move in the last months of the war. 815. Sadler, Charles G. "Expendable Frontier: United States Policy on the Polish-German Frontier during the Second World War." Ph.D. diss., Northwestern University, 1971. 277pp. DA 32/06-A, p.3226. Traces how the United States policy regarding Poland and her postwar borders evolved during the war. Includes an excellent description of primary and secondary sources. 816. Scenes of Fighting and Martyrdom: Guide, War Years in Poland, 19391945. Translated from Polish. 2d ed. Warsaw: Sport i Turystyka Publications, 1968. 345pp. Issued by the Council for the Preservation of Monuments to Resistance and Martyrdom and describes district by district all internment camps, concentration camps, prisoner of war camps, cemeteries, museums, etc. The districts of western Poland are included. 817. Schechtmann, Joseph B. European Population Transfers, 1939-1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 1946. 532pp. Presents facts and statistics regarding the movement of people during the war, including the 1.5 million Poles who were expelled from the annexed borderlands and the ethnic Germans from farther east who were resettled there. 818. Schreiber, Hermann. Teuton and Slav: The Struggle for Central Europe. Translated from German. New York: Knopf, 1965. 392pp. Written during World War U, Schreiber traces the centuries-old conflicts between Germans and Slavs up to that point. Tries to be more neutral and detached than earlier German historians. Notes that both sides have distorted, ignored, and exaggerated to prove their points. 819. Szarota, Tomasz. "Poland and Poles in German Eyes During World War H." Polish Western Affairs 19 (1978), 228-254. 820. Targ, Alojzy, comp. Cardinal Bertram and the Polishness of Opole Silesia. German Testimonies, no. 5. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1960. 35pp. Uses German documents to describe the Nazi treatment of the Polish Silesians during the war.

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821. Terry, Sarah M. "Oder-Neisse Line Revisited: Sikorski's Program for Poland's Postwar Western Boundary, 1939-1942." East Central Europe 5:1 (1978), 39-68. 822.

. Poland's Place in Europe: General Sikorski and the Origin of the Oder-Neisse Line, 1939-1943. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983. 394pp. Reconstructs General Wladyslaw Sikorski's plans for postwar Poland, as he negotiated with Churchill and Roosevelt. He was the Prime Minister of the Polish Government in Exile in London until his sudden death. Concludes that the resulting border changes were probably inevitable.

823. Vucinich, Wayne S. "Poland's Fate II: Yalta to Potsdam." Current History 17 (July 1949): 15-21. Describes political events which affected Poland in the last year of the war. Includes the temporary establishment of the Polish western border at the Oder-Neisse Line. 824. Wagner, Wolfgang. Genesis of the Oder-Neisse Line: A Study in Diplomatic Negotiations During World War II. Stuttgart: Brentano, 1957. 168pp. Follows the war diplomacy of the Allies regarding Poland's postwar borders. Emphasizes that Poland's western border gains were excessive and claims that the western Allies agreed, but were intent in getting along with the Soviets. Vol. 2 is sources and documents, cited under Gotthold Rhode, above. 825. Wiseley, William C. "German Settlement of the Incorporated Territories of the Wartheland and Danzig-West Prussia, 1939-1945." Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1955. 640pp. 826. Wojciechowski, Zygmunt, ed. Poland's Place in Europe. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Instytut Zachodni, 1947. 460pp. A collection of essays on Poland's geography, history and relations with Germany assembled during the war. 827. Wojcik, Andrzej J. "Attitudes of Certain Western Public Communication Media Toward the Polish Frontier Issues, 1939-1944." Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1961. 191pp. DA 22/10, p.3724. 828. Wrzesiriski, Wojciech. "Problem of the Indigenous Polish Population in the Territories Postulated by Poland during World War n." Polish Western Affairs 31:1-2 (1990), 3-18.

Chapter 6

POSTWAR DEVELOPMENTS When the war ended in May 1945, Soviet troops occupied the eastern Reich and Poland assumed administrative control of the region east of the OderNeisse Rivers. While diplomats discussed possible scenarios in the summer and fall of 1945, Poland began to expel ethnic Germansfromthe provinces and bring in new Polish settlers from Soviet-controlled eastern Poland. The result was a defacto extension of the Polish border to the Oder-Neisse Rivers. Ever since, politicians and historians have debated the legal and moral ramifications of the border relocation. After the war a flood of English language publications from the Gottingen Research Committee in the Federal Republic of Germany and the Western Press Agency (Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa) in Poland promoted the views of their countrymen regarding the postwar borders. German-Polish relations remained tense until the two Germanies formally recognized the present East German-Polish boundary (East Germany in 1950 and West Germany in 1970). Since 1970 relations between Poles and Germans have eased and there have been efforts toward regional cooperation. Immigration laws have been liberalized and cultural exchanges have occurred. English language publications have been more dispassionate and reflective as the events of the second world war period recede into history. PUBLICATIONS TO 1970 829. Agriculture and Forestry in East Oderland (East Pomerania, East Brandenburg, Border Province). Hannover, 1947. 51pp. Describes German agriculture in the borderlands.

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830. Agriculture, Stock-Farming, Forestry in Silesia. Hannover, 1947. 42pp. Includes 31 maps and charts of Silesian agricultural statistics. 831. Anderson, Herbert F. What I Saw in Poland, 1946. Slough, Eng.: Windsor Press, 1946. 194pp. Comments resulting from a 3 month visit to Poland in the spring of 1946. He had lived in Poland between the wars and could speak some Polish. He traveled in the western territories, saw Germans being expelled (humanely), and talked with repatriated Poles who were returning from Siberia and Germany. 832. Arski, Stefan. New Polish-German Border: Safeguard of Peace. Washington, Polish Embassy, 1947. 63pp. A journalist's effort to explain Poland's official view on why the new western border should be permanent. 833. Aurich, Peter, ed. Germany's Eastern Territories: A European Problem. Translated from German. Leer: G. Rautenberg, 1961. 47pp. Presents the German viewpoint regarding the need to revise the PolishGerman border to allow Germans to return home. 834. Banasiak, Stefan. "Settlement of the Polish Western Territories in 19451947." Polish Western Affairs 6:1 (1965), 121-149. 835. Berezowski, Stanislaw. "Economic Regions of Silesia." Polish Western Affairs 7:1 (1966), 125-163. Discusses the historical and contemporary economic aspects of the Wroclaw, Opole, and Katowice regions of Silesia. 836. Bierzanek, Remigiusz, et al. "Heimatrecht" Instrument of Revisionism. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1963. 175pp. 837. Bolduan, Tadeusz. Gdansk, 1945-1965. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1967. 143pp. A history and description of modern Gdarisk. Includes a 27 page tourist guide. 838. Brant, Irving. New Poland. New York: Universe Publishers, distributed by International Universities Press, 1946. 116pp. Brant traveled in Poland during the fall and winter of 1945-46 and wrote articles for American journals. The book evolved from them. He describes the condition of the people, the arrival of relief aid shipments, problems caused by returning "London" Poles, attitudes towards Jews,

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expulsion of Germans, refugees traveling back and forth across the country, etc. 839. Braun, Joachim von, ed. German Eastern Territories: A Manual and Book of Reference Dealing with the Regions East of the Oder and Neisse. Translated from German. Wurzburg: Holzner-Verlag [for the] Gottingen Research Committee, 1957. 196pp. Records in detail the chronology of events which affected the borderlands and cites many examples of prewar German contributions to the area in the fields of music, literature, art, education, agriculture, manufacturing, etc. 840. Braun, Joachim von. "Germany's Eastern Border and Mass Expulsions." American Journal ofInternational Law 58:3 (1964), 747-750. 841. Bregman, Alexander. "German Interest in Poland." Germany 7:4 (1963), 6-18. 842.

Poland and

. "Polish-German Relations: A New Phase." East Europe 12:11 (1963), 2-7.

843. Brodzka, Halina, et al. Poland and the German Question. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1963. 141pp. Asserts that West Germany continues to stir up trouble over the PolishEast German border because it does not want to believe that the border is permanent, even though the western territories constitute one-third of Poland and have a population of 8 million Poles. The German Democratic Republic has a new attitude toward Poland and has accepted the border in peace and friendship. 844. Brown, MacAlister. "Expulsion of German Minorities from Eastern Europe: The Decision at Potsdam and Its Background." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1953. 251pp. 845. Brozek, Andrzej. "Germans in Post-War Poland." Poland and Germany 9:1 (1965), 19-28; and 9:2-3 (1965), 31-44. 846.

. "Influence of Migrations on the Nationality Structure of Silesia, 1870-1945." Polish Western Affairs 8:2 (1967), 403-430.

847. Buiiriski, Jozef. Role of Opole Silesia in the Polish People's Republic. Translated from Polish. Opole: Instytut Sl^ski w Opole, 1962. 45pp. Sketches the history and postwar development of central Silesia.

112

Polish-German Borderlands

848. C , A. M. "Heirs of Potsdam: The Tragedy of Expelled Germans." World Today 4:10 (1948), 446-453. 849. Cary, William H. Poland Struggles Forward. New York: Greenberg, 1949. 192pp. Decided to visit Poland while working in France for a relief agency. He went in 1947, and traveled around the country, using all modes of transportation. His interpretation of complicated historical issues is weak, but he gives excellent descriptions of the work being done by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. 850. Czechanowski, S. "New Phase in Polish-German Relations?" Poland and Germany 13:1-2 (1969), 3-8. 851. Czjtfowska, Z. "Opole Past and Present." Polish Western Affairs 4:2 (1963), 385-399. 852. Derlatka, Tadeusz. Western and Northern Poland: Historical Outline, Nationality Problems, Legal Aspect, New Society, Economic Survey. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1962. 534pp. A comprehensive survey of the history and current situation in the western territories. Speaks of the wartime expulsion of Poles and the postwar flight and transfer of Germans. 853. Derlatka, Tadeusz, and Olcha Ludwikiewicz. "Polish Centres Abroad in Defence of the Western Territories of Poland." Polish Western Affairs 1:2 (1960), 408-415. 854. Derlatka, Tadeusz, Koman Nurowski, and Andrzej Lesniewski. German Revisionism on the Move. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1960. 101pp. Three essays lamenting the increase in West German agitation about revising the Polish-East German border. It coincides with re-militarization in the Federal Republic. Also describes the German expellee organizations and research institutes which study the "east" 855. Displaced Persons Operations: Report of Central Headquarters for Germany, April 1946. Washington: United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 1946. 148pp. Useful for information on Poles in DP camps in Germany who were reluctant to return to Poland. Discusses how UNRRA was encouraging repatriation and includes translated reprints from a Polish newspaper for repatriates: Repatriant. The publication is concerned with resettlement

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of the "Recovered Territories," and gives details of train trips, jobs available, vacant farms, etc. 856. Dlugoborski, Waclaw. "Ostforschung and Upper Silesian Problems." Polish Western Affairs 4:1 (1963), 92-119. 857. Dobrzucki, Edmund. "Role of the Port of Szczecin in the Economic Organisms of Germany and Poland." Polish Western Affairs 4:1 (1963), 175-198. 858. Documents and Reports. 11 numbers. Translated from Polish. New York: Polish Research and Information Service, 194?-1953. A serial that reproduced official statements and documents for Americans. Many documents focus on relations between Poland and the German Democratic Republic regarding their mutual border. 859. Dross, Armin. "German-Polish Complexes: Past and Present Relations of the Two Neighbouring Countries." Modern World: Annual Review of International Relations and Political Science (1964-65), 28-41. 860. Droidzyriski, Aleksander, and Jan Zaborowski. Oberldnder: A Study in German East Policies. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1960. 324pp. Attacks the person of Dr. Theodor Oberlander, former West German Minister for Refugee Affairs, and a speech he made calling for a revision of the Polish-German border. Asserts that this is an indication that the old Nazi attitudes towards Poland have been passed on to the West Germans. 861. Drzewieniecki, Walter M. "American Poles and the Odra-Nysa frontier." Polish Western Affairs 9:1 (1968), 167-175. 862.

. German-Polish Frontier. Chicago: Polish Western Association of America, 1959. 166pp. Presents the Polish arguments for permanent recognition of the OderNeisse Line as Poland's western border and includes justifications for transferral of ethnic Germans.

863. Dulczewski, Zygmunt. "Sociological and Demographic Publications on the Western and Northern Territories, 1945-1960." Polish Western Affairs 2:1 (1961), 128-156. 864.

. "Young Generation of Polish Autochthones in the Polish Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 8:2 (1967), 430-444.

114

Polish-German Borderlands

865. Dulczewski, Zygmunt, and Andrzej Kwilecki. "Memoirs of Settlers in the Recovered Territories." Polish Western Affairs 5:1 (1964), 182-199. 866. Dziewanowski, M. K., ed. Poland Today as Seen by Foreign Observers. 2d ed. London: Polish Freedom Movement, 1946. 867. Eastern Germany: A Handbook. Wiirzburg: Holzner-Verlag [for the] Gottingen Research Committee, 1960-63. 3 vols. A comprehensive study of the ethnic Germans who lived in the interwar Polish Corridor. It describes their history, education, religion, society, and economic life. 868. Eastern Part of Germany, Beyond Oder and Neisse, in the Polish Press, 1958-1961. Wurzburg: Holzner-Verlag [for the] GSttingen Research Committee, 1964. 155pp. Stories translated from Polish newspapers and journals that tell negative facts about the borderlands, such as the lack of Polish settlers, the difficult living conditions, continued lawlessness, etc. The first volume, published in 1858, German Eastern Territories Beyond Oder and Neisse: In Light of the Polish Press, is cited below. 869. Ehrlich, Ludwik. Poland's Sovereignty Over Her Western and Northern Territories. 2d ed. Katowice, 1967. 99pp. Describes the international laws and the Potsdam agreement that give Poland legal title to her western territories. Notes that the German Democratic Republic agrees. 870. European Significance of the Oder-Neisse Territories. Translated from German. Bonn: Gottingen Research Committee and M. Sass & Co. [for the] Association of Expellee Landsmannschaften, 1954. 16pp. Presents the German viewpoint that the borderlands need to be returned to Germany. 871. Expellee Press Service: News Items and Comments on Problems of the Uprooted Millions and Their Home Countries Behind the Iron Curtain. Gottingen: Gottingen Research Committee. Vol. 1-22,1952-73. Contains translations of articles and news stories about the German expellees and the borderlands, now in Polish hands. 872. Falsification Beware! Edited by the Editorial Board of Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, 1959. 236pp. The Western Press Agency Editorial Board answers false and misleading statements made by the Gottingen Research Committee in its book

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115

German Eastern Territories Beyond Oder and Neisse: In Light of the Polish Press. 873. Foreigners on Poland. Warsaw: Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, Dept. Prasy i Informacji, 1946-48. No. 1-4. A collection of reprinted articles about Poland which first appeared in foreign newspapers and journals. Many of the articles concern the western territories. 874. Fruits of Work and Struggle. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, for the Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1960. 84pp. Tells of the economic recovery of the western territories since the war. 875. Gdansk: Gateway of Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polskie Towarzystwo Krajoznawcze, 1949. 174pp. A short history of Gdariskfromthe Polish point of view. 876. Gelberg, Ludwik. "Poland's Western Border and Transfer of German Population." American Journal of International Law 59:3 (1965), 590593. 877. German Eastern Territories Beyond Oder and Neisse: In Light of the Polish Press. Wurzburg: Holzner-Verlag [for the] Gottingen Research Committee, 1958. 112pp. Reprints Polish newspaper and journal articles that give information about the borderlands. Generally the stories concern the poor treatment of the German minority, the lack of Polish settlers, Poles' desire to return to their homes in eastern Poland, continued demolishing of structures for salvaged materials, fields laying fallow, etc. A second volume, published in 1964, is cited above: Eastern Part of Germany, Beyond Oder and Neisse, in the Polish Press, 1958-1961. 878. German Polish Dialogue: Letters of the Polish and German Bishops and International Statements. Bonn; New York: Edition Atlantic-Forum, 1966. 127pp. Statements of reconciliation from Polish and German Roman Catholic clergy and the reactions of the Polish, West German, and Polish exile press. 879. Giertych, Jgdrzej. Poland and Germany: A Reply to Congressman B. Carroll Reece of Tennessee. London: Printed by the Nore Press, 1958. 158pp. Reece gave a speech in the U.S. Congress deploring the expulsion of the Germans and supporting the restoration of the borderlands to Germany.

116

Polish-German Borderlands Giertych argues that Poland has historic claims to the borderlands and the Polish-German boundary should remain where it is.

880. Glabisz, K. "Development of Towns in Recovered Territories." Poland and Germany 1:1 (1957), 35-38. 881. Gigbocka, Waclawa. "Lignite in Poland's Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 5:1 (1964), 200-211. 882. Gomulka, Wladyslaw. On the German Problem: Articles and Speeches. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Ksiazka i Wiedza, 1969. 431pp. Presents the official Polish viewpoint regarding the Polish-German border. 883. Grabowski, K. "Dangers of German Irredentism." Poland and Germany 4:1(1960), 1-9. 884.

. "Divided Views in Germany." Poland and Germany 2:3 (1958), 8-13.

885.

. "Polish Dilemma in German Policy." Poland and Germany 3:4 (1959), 3-9.

886.

. "Polish-German Relations and European Integration." Poland and Germany 8:3 (1964), 19-27.

887. Grazyriski, Michal. "Odra-Nysa Line: A Frontier of Central Eastern European Federation and a Guarantee of Lasting Peace." Eastern Quarterly 5:1-2 (1952), 2-14. 888. Gronowicz, Antoni. Pattern for Peace: The Story of Poland and Her Relations with Germany. New York: Paramount, 1951. 215pp. Describes postwar Polish-German foreign policy, reviews past conflicts, and defends the Oder-Neisse Line as a permanent border. 889. Grossmann, Kurt. "Chapter in Polish-German Understanding: The German League for Human Rights." Polish Review 15:3 (1970), 32-47. 890. Gruchman, Bohdan, et al. Polish Western Territories. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Instytut Zachodni, 1959. 267pp. Describes the history, population changes, economic achievements, and rebuilding efforts of the western territories since World War n.

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117

891. Hadfield, Jean. "Germany's Eastern Frontier." Socialist Commentary 11 (Aug. 1947), 697-701. 892. Hammerton, Peter A. Poland's Western Territories: A Nation Rebuilding. London: Fitzroy Publications, 1947. 32pp. A contemporary view of resettlement in the war-devastated borderlands. 893. Hebanowski, Stanislaw. "Theatre in the Polish Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 3:2 (1962), 468-490. 894. Heinsdorf, Helena. "As the Germans See It." Poland and Germany 5:1 (1961), 8-17. 895.

. "Responsible German Policy Towards Poland?" Poland and Germany 5:3 (1961), 12-20.

896. Hierowski, Zdzislaw. "Western Territories in Polish Literature." Polish Western Affairs 3:2 (1962), 442-457. 897. Hirsch, F. E. "Two Years After Potsdam." Forum 108 (Aug. 1947), 8590. 898. Hiscocks, Richard. "Progress East of the Oder-Neisse, Recent Developments in the Polish Western Territories." World Today (Nov. 1960), 491-500. 899. Hubatsch, Walther, ed. German Question. Translated from German. New York: Herder Book Center, 1967. 511pp. Includes a section on the "German Eastern Territories," the expulsion of ethnic Germans, and postwar administration by Poland. 900. In Defense of Poland's Western Boundary: An Economic Study; Facts Versus Fiction That Poland's Recovery of Her Western Border Deprives Germany of Her Breadbasket. Chicago: Polish American Congress, 1949? 16pp. A pamphlet written for Americans explaining that Germany does not need the borderlands for agricultural purposes. 901. Iwasiewicz, Zbigniew, ed. Western and Northern Territories of Poland: Maritime Problems. Translated from Polish. Poznan: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1960. 47pp. Discusses various aspects of rebuilding: reconstruction at Gdynia, Gdansk and Szczecin, assembling a new merchant fleet, new development of the fishing industry, etc.

118

Polish-German Borderlands

902. Jaenicke, Wolfgang. Right and Freedom for Silesia. Translated from German. Gottingen: Gottingen Research Committee, 1959. 21pp. Sketches the history of German Silesia and laments its loss after the war. 903. Jgdrychowski, Stefan. Recovered Territories, an Integral Part of Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Ksi^zka i Wiedza, 1952. 44pp. Praises the heroic efforts of the Soviet army in liberating the western territories and recounts achievements that have taken place since the war. 904. Jordan, Zbigniew A. Oder-Neisse Line: A Study of the Political, Economic, and European Significance of Poland's Western Frontier. 2d ed. London: Polish Freedom Movement "Independence and Democracy," 1952. 141pp. A Polish emigre argues that Poland's western border should not be changed because any hint of revision forces Poland closer to her alliance with the Soviet Union. 905. Kaczmarczyk, Zygmunt. "One Thousand Years of History of the Polish Western Frontier." Acta Poloniae Historica 5 (1962), 72-106. A brief sketch of the political and economic influences which affected the western border areas. 906. Katelbach, T. "Pragmatism in Polish-German Affairs." Poland and Germany 11:3-4 (1967), 29-35. 907. Kgplicz, Klemens. Potsdam: Twenty Years After. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1965. 129pp. After describing the events of the World War n and immediate postwar period, the author asserts that the average West German has no interest in a revision of the Polish-East German border. Nevertheless, official FRG policy continues to promote revision because no one has the nerve to state the obvious, that the border is permanent. 908. Kerstein, Edward S. Red Star Over Poland: A Report from Behind the Iron Curtain. Appleton, Wis.: C.C. Nelson. 1947. 174pp. A Milwaukee newspaperman's account of his travels in Poland in the fall of 1945. He spoke Polish and was able to gather experiences and opinions from ordinary Poles. He traveled in the western territories. 909. Klafkowski, Alfons. Legal Effects of the Second World War and the German Problem. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1968. 326pp. Presents the Polish viewpoint regarding the legality of the current PolishEast German border.

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119

910.

. "Polish-German Frontier and Two German States." Polish Western Affairs 7:1 (1966), 109-124.

911.

. "Polish-German Frontier in the System of International Agreements." Polish Western Affairs 1:2 (1960), 213-245. Describes the recent agreements and treaties between Germany and Poland.

912.

. Potsdam Agreement. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1963. 340pp. Presents documents which support the idea that the Potsdam Agreement was a legal treaty and has continued to be seen as such by the international community.

913. Kloskowska, Antonina. "National Concepts and Attitudes of Children in a Middle-Sized City in the Polish Western Territories." Polish Sociological Bulletin 1-2 (1961), 43-56. 914. Kokot, Jozef. "Economic Aspects of the Resettlement of German Population After the Second World War." Polish Western Affairs 5:1 (1964), 92-119. The author is the Director of the Polish Institute of International Affairs at Opole, Silesia. 915.

. "Facts and Figures, Flight from the East." Poland and Germany 5:1 (1961), 29-39. Includes demographic statistics for the past two centuries.

916.

. Logic of the Oder-Neisse Frontier. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1959. 289pp. Defends the legality of the current western Polish border, justifies the transfer of the ethnic Germans to Germany, and describes the economic changes that have taken place in western Poland since the war.

917.

. "Oder-Neisse Territories After Twenty-Two Years." Poland and Germany 12:1-2 (1968), 33-48.

918.

. "Re-Settlement and Integration in Post-War Germany." Poland and Germany 7:1-2 (1963), 18-30.

919.

. "Reunited Silesia in Poland's Economy." Germany 6:1 (1962), 5-14.

Poland and

120

Polish-German Borderlands

920. Kokot, Jozef, and Andrzej Broiek. Policy of Misinformation in Publications of the Statistisches Bundesamt. Translated from Polish. Opole: Silesian Institute, 1966. 100pp. Points out inaccuracies in official West German publications. An attempt to correct what the Polish government sees as manipulation of information to suit German revisionist purposes. 921. Komarnicki, Tytus. "German Legal Theory on the right to the Homeland (Heimatrecht)" Poland and Germany 4:2 (1960), 8-16; and 4:3 (1960), 1-7. 922. Konieczny, Jozef. "Information About Poland's Western Territories in the German Federal Republic." Polish Western Affairs 11:1 (1970), 4166. 923. Komilowicz, Maria, ed. Western and Northern Poland: Historical Outline, Nationality Problems, Legal Aspects, New Society, Economic Survey. Poznan: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1962. 534pp. 924. Kosiriski, Leszek. "Demographic Problems of the Polish Western and Northern Territories." In Geographic Essays on Eastern Europe, edited by Norman J.G. Pounds, 28-53. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University, 1961. Examines the percentage of Germans and Poles in the borderlands in the 20th century and notes the impact of events on population shifts. 925. Kostrzewski, Jozef. Poland East of the Oder-Neisse. Translated from Polish. London: Gryf Printers, 1961. 56pp. Sees the restoration of the borderlands to Poland as an act of historical justice. Refutes the claims by German expellees of Polish brutality. Thinks it doesn't compare to the suffering of the Polish population during the war. 926. Kraus, Herbert. Status under International Law of the Eastern Territories of Germany within the Frontiers of the Reich as at 31st December 1937. Gottingen? 1963. 216pp. Proves that Germany still retains legal sovereignty over the eastern territories. 927. Kruszewski, Zbigniew A. "Industrialization and Changing Society: A Case Study of the History and Effects of the Post World War II Population and Boundary Shifts on the Structure of the Newly Created Society in the Polish Western Territories." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1967. 223pp.

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928. Krzemiriski, B. "Potsdam Decisions and the Western Frontiers of Poland." Poland and Germany 1:1 (1957), 30-34. 929. Krzesiriski, Andrzej J. Poland, Germany, a Lasting Peace? New York: Renaissance Center, 1948. 39pp. First presented as a memorandum to the London Conference of the Council of Foreign Ministers, November 15, 1947. Appeals for help in protecting the enclave of Slavic Lusatians, who live on the west bank of the Oder River in the towns of Chociebuz (Cottbus), Biala Woda (Weisswasser), and Buin (Bautzen). 930. Kurth, K. O., ed. Documents of Humanity During the Mass Expulsions. Translated from German. Gottingen: Gottingen Research Committee; New York: Harper, 1954. 184pp. A collection of personal stories from expellees describing acts of kindness they'd experienced from strangers while being forced out of eastern Europe. 931. Kutrzeba,S. "Struggle for the Frontiers." 1951. Reprint, la Cambridge History of Poland. Vol. 2, p. 512-534. New York: Octagon Books, 1971. 932. Kwilecki, Andrzej. "Polish Western Territories in Sociological Research and Theory." Polish Sociological Bulletin 18 (1968), 61-68. 933. Lachs, Manfred. Polish-German Frontier: Law, Life, and Logic of History. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1964. 80pp. Defends the legality of the Potsdam agreement and Polish development of the western territories. 934. Land of the Dead: Study of the Deportations from Eastern Germany. New York: Committee Against Mass Expulsions, 1947? 32pp. Deplores the inhumane expulsions of ethic Germans from the Polishadministered borderlands. Poland doesn't have enough people who want to live there, and Germany can't absorb the millions of expellees. 935. Lesniewski, Andrzej. Polish German Frontier in the Light of Documents. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1959. 92pp. Presents texts of documents that impact the Oder-Neisse border. 936.

. Self-Determination as Smokescreen for Ostpolitik. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1963. 125pp. Refutes the German claim that the borderlands would have chosen to

122

Polish-German Borderlands remain German if given the choice. Too many Germans had left the region to affect a vote, if one had taken place.

937.

. Western Frontier of Poland: Documents, Statements, Opinions. Warsaw: Western Press Agency [for the] Polish Institute of International Affairs, 1965. 301pp. Quotes from Polish and German documents, official statements, and a wide selection of western public opinion to prove that the Polish-East German border is permanent.

938. Lower Silesia and the City of Wroclaw. Wroclaw: Instytut Sl^ski, 1948. 77pp. A description of the how the area has recovered since the war. 939. Machrowicz, Thaddeus M. "Polish-German Boundary Settlement in the Light of International Law." Poland and Germany 2:3 (1958), 23-31; and 3:1 (1959), 10-21. 940. Madeja, Jozef. "Education in the Opole Region." Polish Western Affairs 4:1 (1963), 160-168. 941. Maksymowicz, S. "Lusatian Sorbs." Poland and Germany 3:2 (1959), 28-36. 942. Malcuzyriski, Karol. At the Peace Frontier. Translated from Polish. Warsaw, 1953. 161pp. After touring the area the author describes the new vitality of the western territories in the wake of the war devastation. Poles moved in, restored services, and began rebuilding immediately. 943. Markiewicz, Wladyslaw. "Society and Culture in the Western Territories, 1945-1960." Polish Western Affairs 2:1 (1961), 47-73. 944.

. "Sociological Problems of the Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 6:2 (1965), 266-289. After World War II the western territories were resettled by a diverse population of Poles. They have had many problems establishing themselves, revitalizing the economy, and learning to live together.

945. Marshall, George C. "German-Polish Frontier: Address, April 9, 1947." Vital Speeches 13 (April 15, 1947), 402-403. 946.

. "Secretary Marshall on Germany's Eastern Frontiers." Journal of Central European Affairs 1 (April 1947), 81-84.

Postwar Developments 947. Marshall, Joyce. "German-Polish Boimdary." International Affairs 4:2 (1950), 77-79.

123 Columbia Journal of

948. Marzian, Herbert G. German Frontier Problem: A Study in Political Interdependence. Translated from German. Gottingen: Gottingen Research Committee, 1969. 95pp. From the West German viewpoint, the Oder-Neisse border has become an issue in German-Soviet relations. According to Marzian, if West Germany doesn't recognize the border, it is "a token of the German willingness to respect the Russian interests." If the border is recognized as permanent, then the Germans are siding with the Poles against the Russians. 949. Maurice, J. P. "Beyond the Oder." Blackwood's Magazine 285 (March 1959), 193-209. A tourist describes Poland's recovery after World War EL 950. Meclewski, Edmund. Economic Development of Poland's Western and Northern Regions. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Paristwowe Wydawn. Ekonomiczne, 1961. 326pp. An official Polish advertisement of enormous economic changes and improvements that have been made in the western territories since the war. 951. Melich, Alojzy. "Non-Ferrous Metals in the Polish Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 1:1 (1961), 371-380. 952. Men without the Rights of Man: A Report on the Expulsion and Extermination of German Speaking Minority Groups in the Balkans and Prewar Poland. New York: Committee Against Mass Expulsions, 1947? 31pp. Describes the experiences of ethnic Germans being thrown out of their ancestral homes and urges Americans to take an interest in their plight and support their cause. Inquiry groups should visit the area and the United Nations should establish a commission to care for the expellees. 953. Morawski, Kajetan. "Realism in Polish-German Relations." Poland and Germany 2:3 (1958), 1-7. 954. Mroiek, W. "Social Changes in the Upper Silesian Industrial Region." Polish Sociological Bulletin 15 (1967), 78-85. 955. Mushkat, Marion, Jerzy Sawicki, and Jan A. Wilder. One Legal Aspect of the Polish Regained Territories. Translated from Polish. Warsaw:

124

Polish-German Borderlands Polish Main National War Crimes Investigation Office, 1948. 29pp. Also includes an article by Wilder, "The Part Played by the former Prussian Eastern Provinces in Feeding Germany."

956. Nellner, Werner. "German Losses by Expulsion: Final Results of the Population Balance Sheet 1939-1950." Wirtschaft und Statistik. 10 (Nov. 1958), 600-604. 957. Newman, Bernard. New Poland. London: R. Hale, 1968. 256pp. The author has visited Poland many times, both before and after the war. He has a good grasp on the history of the region and is able to put the information he gathers into a historical context. He is particularly interested in the borderlands and how Poland has rebuilt them since the war. 958.

. Portrait of Poland. London: R. Hale, 1959. 221pp. A mid-1950s visit to the western territories during which Newman contrasted current development with immediate postwar devastation. The Poles he talked with were concerned about the temporary nature of the Polish-German border because they knew that Germans wanted to reclaim the area.

959.

. Three Germanies. London: R. Hale, 1957. 251pp. A trip to Germany where he visited and talked with people from East and West Germany, as well as the former German eastern provinces now in Polish control. Noted differences and similarities, and paid special attention to the refugees and expellees who still felt out-of-place in western Germany.

960. Nieduszuriski, T. "Resettlement of German Refiigees." Germany 1:2 (1957), 21-31.

Poland and

961. Nowakowski, Stefan. "Egalitarian Tendencies and the New Social Hierarchy in an Industrial-Urban Community in the Western Territories." Polish Sociological Bulletin 10 (1964), 68-83. 962.

. "Social Integration in the Opole district in Western Territories." Polish Sociological Bulletin 8 (1964), 58-66.

963.

. "Social Ties in the Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 1:1 (1961), 31-46.

964. Ocioszyriski, Tadeusz. Poland on the Baltic. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1960. 167pp.

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Explains Poland's historical relations with the Baltic seacoast, and its economic need for seaports. Describes development of Gdynia between the wars and postwar rebuilding of Gdarisk, Gdynia, and Szczecin. 965. Olszewski, Thomasz and Ignacy Rutkiewicz. Wroclaw, 1945-1965. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1966. 132pp. Prewar Breslau was deserted in 1945 by the Germans after they caused its destruction. Poles repopulated the empty city and have rebuilt and polonized it. Includes many photographs of city streets and buildings showing war damage and restoration. 966. Paikert, G. C. German Exodus: A Selective Study on the Post World War II Expulsion of German Populations and Its Effects. Publications of the Research Group for European Migration Problems, no. 12. Hague: Nijhoff, 1962. 97pp. Examines all aspects, including historical motives for expulsion, West German efforts to aid the expellees, and the influence of the expellees' political views on West German-Polish relations. 967. Pickett, Ralph H. Germany and the Oder-Neisse Line. Peace Research Reviews, vol. 2, no. 1. Clarkson, Ont: Canadian Peace Research Institute, 1968. 109pp. Describes the expulsion of Germans from the Polish western territories, the current status of the boundary, and West Germany's official policy. Concludes that the FRG may eventually come to accept the status quo because importance of the eastern territories lessens as the years go by. 968. Poddebski, Karol. Behind the Iron Curtain. London: J. Rolls Book Co., 1946. 68pp. Traveled in Pomerania in June 1945 and found war-like conditions there. New settlers from eastern Poland were being robbed by Soviet soldiers. Repatriated Polish laborers were questioned closely by authorities but weren't given any assistance. 969. Poland and the German Problem: Documents Presented to the Conference of the Deputies of the Council of Foreign Ministers Which Was Held in London from January 14 to February 25, 1947. London: [Issued by the] Polish Ambassador to Great Britain, 1947. 28pp. Includes documents, statistics, and statements presenting Poland's case for maintaining the Oder-Neisse Line as the permanent boundary between Poland and Germany. Includes a speech by M.S. Wierblowski to the Council.

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970. Poland, Germany and the European Peace: Official Documents, 19441948. London: Polish Embassy, 1948. 116pp. Extracts from letters and speeches by British and American officials assuring their support for moving Poland's boundaries west and north at the end of the war. There is also support for the concept of transferring ethnic Germans from Polish territory to Germany. 971. Poland of Today. Vol. 1-6. New York: Polish Research and Information Service, 1946-51. This serial was published in the United States to acquaint American readers with current conditions in Poland. In the first four years many articles were about the recovered territories. The title was changed in 1950-51 to Poland Today. 972. Poland: Recovered Territories. Poznari: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1947. 71pp. Traces the "tracks of the German invasion" over the past thousand years and describes the devastation left from the war. Right now there aren't many people in the recovered territories, but that will change with the return from Germany of Polish forced laborers. 973. "Polish-German Frontier." International Relations 1:1 (1954), 23-28. 974. Poploriski, Jan. "Upper Silesian Industrial Region." Journal of Central European Affairs 18 (1959), 409-422. 975. Powell, Robert. "German-Polish Frontier." Fortnightly Review 165:952 (1946), 237-242. 976. Puttkamer, Ellinor von. "Modification of the German-Polish Relationship." In German History: Some New German Views, edited by Hans Kohn, 175-186. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press, 1954. Calls for new appreciation and interest in the smaller Slav nations, particularly Poland. Recalls some of the more offensive German attitudes which have fostered hatred by Poles. States that Poles have been convulsively proving their historical ownership of the borderlands. First written in German in 1948. 977. Radkiewicz, Waclaw. "Agriculture in Poland's Western Territories: Under Prussian Rule and in People's Poland." Polish Western Affairs 4:2 (1963), 295-329. 978. Raup, Philip M. "Agricultural Significance of German Boundary Problems." Land Economics 26:2 (1950), 101-114.

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979. Reece, B. Carroll. On German Provinces East of Oder-Neisse Line and Economic, Historical, and Political Aspects Involved. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1957. 32pp. Congressman Reece made a speech in the U.S. House of Representatives which deplored the loss of eastern German territory and urged Americans to support the idea of revising the Potsdam agreement. 980.

. Peace through Law: A Basis for an East-West Settlement in Europe. New Canaan, Conn.: Long House, 1965. 114pp. A collection of Reece's speeches and statements concerned with the suffering of Germans who had been expelled from their ancestral homes in eastern Germany.

981. Rosenthal, Harry K. "Assimilation and Integration of the German Expellees." Polish Review 8:1 (1963), 78-111. 982. Rosset, Edward. "Demographic Factors Concerning the Re-Polonization of Western and Northern Territories." Polish Western Affairs 11:1 (1970), 67-88. 983. Roszkowska, Wanda. Guide to Wroclaw. Warsaw: Sport i Turystyka, 1970. 184pp. A tourist guide to the city.

Translated from Polish.

984. Rothfels, Hans. "Frontiers and Mass Migrations in Eastern Central Europe." Review of Politics 8 (Jan. 1946), 37-67. 985. Saysse-Tobiczyk, Kazimierz. In Eastern Pomerania. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1964. 167pp. Photographs, maps, and a tourist guide. 986.

. In Western Pomerania. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polonia Publishing House, 1963. 166pp. Photographs, maps, and a tourist guide.

987. Schechtmann, Joseph B. Postwar Population Transfers in Europe, 19451955. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1962. 417pp. Includes two chapters on the expulsion of Germans from the borderlands and resettlement by Poles from Soviet-occupied eastern Poland. 988. Schieder, Theodor, ed.. Expulsion of the German Population from the Territories East of the Oder-Neisse Line: A Selection and Translation from Dokumentation der Vertreibung der Deutschen aus OstMitteleuropa. Translated from German. Bonn: Federal Ministry for

128

Polish-German Borderlands Expellees, Refugees, and War Victims, 1958? 370pp. After describing the event he concludes that the expulsion was the closing incident in the centuries-long struggle of Poles and Germans in the borderlands.

989. Schimitzek, Stanislaw. Truth or Conjecture?: German Civilian War Losses in the East. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1966. 381pp. Puts the primary blame for civilian deaths on German officials, who scared people with horror stories about Soviet soldiers, and then issued evacuation orders too late for people to safely leave. 990. Scholz, Albert A. Silesia Yesterday and Today. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1964. 94pp. Describes in detail what happened in the region at the end of the war. Polish administrative units began to take over as soon as the Soviet troops moved through. In the early period enterprising Poles stripped Silesia of badly needed building materials, tools, and furniture to barter in central Poland. 991. Schonberg, Hans W. Germans from the East. Studies in Social Life, no. 15. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1971. 366pp. Describes the expulsion of ethnic Germans from eastern Europe, their settlement in Germany, and their adjustment to being uprooted. 992.

. "Germans from the East: A Study of Their Migration, Resettlement, and Subsequent Group History, 1945-61." Ph.D. diss., Johns Hopkins University, 1968. 617pp. DA31/09-A,p.4691.

993. Schreiber, William I. Fate of the Prussian Mennonites. Gottingen: Gflttingen Research Committee, 1955. 47pp. Traces the fate of Pomeranian and West Prussian Mennonites after World War II when they were expelled from their homeland. The US/Canadian Mennonite Central Committee rescued as many as possible from German displaced persons camps, paying for their immigration to new communities in North and South America. 994. Sharp, Samuel L. "Polish-German Frontier: Polish Claims and Diplomatic History." American Perspective 1 (1947). 995. Shnayderman, S. L. [S.L. Shneiderman, pseud.]. Between Fear and Hope. Translated from Hebrew. New York: Arco Publishing Co., 1947. 316pp. A Jewish journalist visited Poland and the western territories shortly after

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the end of the war and was particularly interested in how Polish authorities were curbing antisemitism. He sought out Jewish repatriates from the Soviet Union who were in Lower Silesia, trying to decide whether to stay or emigrate. 996. Skubiszewski, Krzysztof. "Frontier Between Poland and Germany as a Problem of International Law and Relations." Polish Western Affairs 5:1 (1964), 311-362. 997. Smogorzewski, K. M. "Poland's Recovered Territories." Contemporary Review 192 (Dec. 1957), 334-338. 998. Sobariski, Waclaw, ed. Western and Northern Territories of Poland: Demographic Problems. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1959-60. 2 vols. Two volumesn of essays that discuss both historical and contemporary sociological issues in Silesia, Pomerania, and Posnania. 999.

. Western and Northern Territories of Poland: Facts and Problems. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1959. 50pp. Presents information justifying Poland's occupation of the western territories and defending the validity of the Oder-Neisse boundary.

1000. Sobczak, Janusz. "Oder and Neisse Frontier in the eyes of the Western Public." Polish Western Affairs 4:2 (1963), 399-422. 1001.

. "Oder-Neisse Frontier Repercussions in the Western Press (in Connection with the Coming Forward of Rusk and Erler)." Polish Western Affairs 6:2 (1965), 378-394.

1002.

. "West About the Oder-Neisse Frontier." Polish Western Affairs 9:2 (1968), 314-332.

1003. Spokesmen of Tension: Territorial Claims of the German Federal Republic's Government. Poznari: Wydawn. Zachodnie, [for the] Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 1961. 86pp. Every time West German officials made pronouncements hinting at a border revision, Poland's anxiety increased. 1004. Staar, Richard F. "Polish-German Boundary: A Case Study in International Law." Journal of Public Law 11 (Spring 1962).

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1005. Stehle, Hansjakob. Independent Satellite: Society and Politics in Poland Since 1945. New York: Praeger, 1965. 361pp. Includes a long assessment of current Polish-German relations. 1006. Stein, Barry N. "Boundaries of Eastern Europe with Emphasis on OderNeisse Boundary." Ph.D. diss., New York University, 1969. 281pp. DA30/08-A,p.3530. 1007. Stenzl, Otto. "Germany's Eastern Frontier." Survey 51 (April 1964), 118-130. 1008. Straszewicz, Ludwik. Opole, Silesia: Outline of Economic Geography. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Centralny Instytut Informacji Naukowej, Technicznej i Ekonomicznej, 1965. 251pp. Describes the economic vitality of Opole, the capital of central Silesia, including its mining, industries, agriculture, forestry, transportation, and population. 1009. Szaz, Zoltan M. Germany's Eastern Frontier: The Problem of the OderNeisse Line. Chicago: H. Regnery, 1960. 256pp. Attempts to sort through the published materials on the subject to present a factual historical account of the recent history of the borderlands. Notes that almost every publication has a bias. 1010. Szlapczyriski, Jozef, and T. Walichnowski. Ostforschung: The Role of West German Political Science. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1970. 194pp. 1011. Teuber, Alfons. Silesia in Pictures: A Record of Remembrance. Translated from German. 2d ed. Munich: Verlag "Christ Unterwegs," 1951. 98pp. Nostalgic poems, quotations and photographs from famous Silesian German writers. The collection is dedicated to Silesian exiles who are "with uncomplaining patience living in wretched hutments." 1012. Thorwald, Jurgen, pseud. [H. Bongartz] Flight in the Winter. New York: Pantheon, 1951.318pp. Translated and condensed from two books written in German which recount the events of 1945 in the borderlands. Describes the Soviet advance, the retreat of German civilians, the heroic efforts of the German navy to evacuate people from the Baltic coast, and the period of anarchy following the cease fire.

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1013. Tomicki, A. "German Moral' Arguments." Poland and Germany 4:2 (1960), 1-7. 1014.

. "Notion of German Mission in the East." Poland and Germany 4:4 (1960), 10-18.

1015.

. "Polish-German Understanding." Poland and Germany 3:3 (1959), 1-7.

1016. Tomlinson, A. K. "Public Opinion Polls on the Oder-Neisse Line." Poland and Germany 7:3 (1963), 30-36. 1017.

. "Refugees, Fugitives and Expellees." Poland and Germany 2:2 (1958), 15-22.

1018. Transfer of the German Population from Poland: Legend and Reality. Warsaw: Western Press Agency, 1966. 54pp. Justifies the transfer of ethnic Germans from Polish western territories, and blames the Nazis for the chaotic evacuation of civilians in the last months of the war. Maintains that from 1946 to 1950 the transfers were conducted by the Polish authorities in an orderly manner. 1019. Tresp, Lothar L. "Compromise for the German-Polish Boundary." GeorgiaReview 13:2 (1959), 117-134. 1020. Truscoe, A. "Polish Western Pomerania, ptl." Poland and Germany 5:4 (1961), 17-24. 1021. Uszyriska, Zofia, ed. Poland, Travel Guide. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: AGPOL, Foreign Trade Advertising & Publishing Agency, 1960. 7 vols. Vol. 3 covers northwestern Poland, including Szczecin, Koszalin, and Gdarisk. Vol. 4 describes western and southwestern Poland, including Poznari, Budgoszcz, Wroclaw, and Katowice. 1022. Voight,F. A. "Orderly and Humane: Forcible Eviction of Millions from Their Homelands." Nineteenth Century and After 138 (Nov. 1945), 193-197. Describes the plight of the German expellees from the borderlands after World WarH. 1023.

. "Rule of Law." Nineteenth Century and After 142 (July 1947), 1-11.

132

Polish-German Borderlands The Potsdam agreement set a temporary Polish border at the OderNeisse Line.

1024. Wagner, Wenceslas J. Gentleman from Tennessee is Wrong: The Truth about the Odra-Nysa Border. N.p.: Balticum, 1957. 32 p. Refutes Congressman Reece's statements about Germany's loss of its eastern territories and asserts the legality of awarding the borderlands to Poland. 1025. Walczak, A. W. "Conception of Heimatpolitik in the Foreign Policy of West Germany." Polish Western Affairs 3:1 (1962), 38-79. 1026. Wassermann, Charles. Europe's Forgotten Territories. Copenhagen: Roussell, 1960. 272pp. The author and his wife drove through former German districts in the summer of 1957. They saw few signs of rebuilding. The land was barren, cities and towns were still in ruins, people looked poor and undernourished. Occasionally they would find someone who would speak German clandestinely with them. 1027. Watt, Donald C. "British Opinion and the Oder-Neisse Line." Survey 61(1966), 118-128. 1028. Werth, Alexander. Poland Today. New York: Polish Research and Information Service, 1948. 20pp. A report by a British journalist who traveled in Poland in 1947. He was amazed by the changes that had been made in the two years since the war. He spent a month in the western territories, noting that the Polish settlers had many hardships. The ethnic Germans, mostly women and children, were being sent to Germany at the rate of 2,000 per day. 1029. Wiewidra, Boleslaw. "Attitude of the German Federal Republic to the Frontier on the Oder and Lusatian Neisse." Polish Western Affairs 6:1 (1965), 25-58. 1030.

. Polish-German Frontier in the Light of International Law. Translated from Polish. 2d ed. Poznari: Instytut Zachodni, 1964. 225pp. Traces the history of the borderlands and explains the legal aspects of the Potsdam agreements.

1031.

. "West German Territorial Claims Against Poland and International Law." Polish Western Affairs 2:1 (1961), 3-30.

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1032. Wilder, Jan A. Polish Regained Provinces: A Survey of a Year's Achievement. London: W. Hodge, 1948. 109pp. A report which applauds the recovery that has taken place in the western territories, due to the hard work of the Polish people. 1033. Wildermann, Rudolf. "Integration of the German Refugees." Confluence 2:4 (1953), 37-48. 1034. Wilpert, Friedrich von. Oder-Neisse Problem: Towards Fair Play in Central Europe. 2d ed. Bonn; New York: Edition Atlantic Forum, 1969. 166pp. An examination of the German-Polish border settlement from the German point of view, stressing the wrongness of expelling Germans from their ancestral homes. 1035. Wirth, Gunther. "Churches and the Oder-Neisse Peace Frontier." German Foreign Policy 5:2 (1966), 128-145. 1036. Wiskemann, Elizabeth. Germany's Eastern Neighbors: Problems Relating to the Oder-Neisse Line and the Czech Frontier Regions. London: Oxford University Press, 1956. 309pp. A classic, objective history of the German-Polish conflicts in the borderlands, with special emphasis on the postwar period, including expulsion of Germans, re-settlement by Poles, and industrialization of the region. 1037. Zaborowski, Jan. Catholic Church on the Odra and Nysa. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Novum, 1969. 85pp. Calls on the Vatican to terminate the western interim diocesan divisions that were established in 1945 and create permanent administrative districts that would be less confusing for congregations. 1038. Zieliriski, Henryk. "Conceptions of the Polish Western Frontier." Polish Western Affairs 9:1 (1968), 3-18. 1039.

. Population Changes in Poland, 1939-1950. New York: Mid-European Studies Center, National Committee for a Free Europe, 1954. 101pp. Analyzes population changes that have occurred in the borderlands since World War n, noting causes of the shifts and the current economic and social stratification of the Polish population.

1040.

. "Role of Silesia in Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries." Acta Poloniae Historica 11 (1970), 108-122.

134

Polish-German Borderlands Examines the role of Silesia as a crossroads of early modern Europe and a modern hub of central European industry, communications and manufacturing.

1041. Ziolek, Bogumil. "Basic Demographic Problems in the Polish Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 2:1 (1961), 74-102. 1042. Zi61kowski, Janusz. "Demographic Changes in Polish Recovered Territories." Poland and Germany 3:3 (1959), 21-35; and 4:1 (1960), 618. 1043.

. "Economic Development in the Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 1:1 (1960), 28-63.

1044.

. "Sociological Aspects of Demographic Changes in Polish Western Territories." Polish Western Affairs 3:1 (1962), 3-37. Examines population changes which have taken place in the borderlands since the 1920s, including expulsion of the Germans and immigration of new settlers.

1045. Znamierowski, Czeslaw. "From Tubingen to Gottingen." Western Affairs 5:1 (1964), 3-20.

Polish

POST-1970 PUBLICATIONS AND HISTORICAL STUDIES 1046. Allen, Debra J. "Nothing Endmres Like the Provisional: American Policy Toward the Oder-Neisse Line, 1945-1990." Ph.D. diss., University of Illinois, 1992. 575pp. 1047. Arndt, Claus. "Legal Problems of the German Eastern Territories." American Journal of International Law74 (Jan. 1980), 122-133. 1048. Aslund, P. A. "Non-Economy: The Case of Poland and the German Democratic Republic, 1945-1980." Ph.D. diss., Oxford University, 1982. 1049. Balcerak, Wieslaw. "Concept of Poland's Western Frontier as Formulated by the Polish Left." Polish Western Affairs 26:1 (1985), 5570. 1050. Berliriska, Danuta. "German Minority in Opole Silesia." Western Affairs 31:1 (1991), 39-52.

Polish

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1051. Bierman, Don E. "Function of the Oder River as an Artery of Transportation." Ph.D. diss., Michigan State University, 1970. 304pp. DA32/01-B,p.365. 1052.

. Oder River: Transport and Economic Development. Evanston, 111.: Transportation Center, Northwestern University, 1973. 247pp. The Oder River is a vital link between the industrial and mining regions and therefore needs to be supported and improvedof Silesia and the seaport of Szczecin. It carries large loads cheaply

1053. Bromke, Adam, and Harald Von Riekhoff. East Europe 20:2 (1971), 2-8.

"Polish-German Treaty."

1054. Biihler, Phillip A. Oder-Neisse Line: A Reappraisal Under International Law. Boulder, Colo.: East European Monographs; distributed by Columbia University Press, 1990. 154pp. Examines the Potsdam agreements after World War n in the light of international law to determine if the land transfer was valid. Concludes that the boundary change was illegal. 1055. Chanas, Ryszard, and Janusz Czerwiriski. Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polish Tourist Information Center, 1988. 16pp. An illustrated tourist guide to the city and the region. 1056. Cholewa, B. K. "Migration of GermansfromLower Silesia After World WarE." Polish Western Affairs 31:1-2 (1990), 53-80. 1057. Cieslak, Edmund. History of Gdansk. Translated from Polish. Gdarisk: Wydawn. Morskie, 1988. 547pp. Describes a thousand years of Gdarisk history, including the city's liberation from the Germans at the end of World War EL 1058. Czapliriski, Wladyslaw. "New Polish-German Treaties and the Changing Political Structure of Europe." American Journal of International Law 86 (Jan. 1992), 163-173. 1059.

. "Property Questions in Relations Between Poland the Federal Republic of Germany." Polish Western Affairs 29:1 (1988), 93128.

1060. Czapliriski, Wladyslaw, and Wojciech Wrzesinski. "Polish Western Frontier." Acta Poloniae Historica 29 (1974), 195-206.

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1061. Dargas, A. "Role of Pomerania in the History of Poland." Poland and Germany 15:1 (1971), 20-35. 1062. Dassanowsky-Harris, Robert von. "Pommern/Pomorze: Christine Bruckner's Search for the Lost Germany.'" East European Quarterly 23 (Sept. 1989), 327-337. 1063. De Zayas, Alfred M. German Expellees: Victims in War and Peace. Translated from German. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993. 177pp. A compilation of personal stories of Germans who once lived in the borderlands and other German enclaves in eastern Europe. The American edition has been revised to include narratives of people now living in the United States. 1064.

. Nemesis at Potsdam: The Anglo-Americans and the Expulsion of the Germans: Background, Execution, Consequences. 2d ed. London, Routledge and K. Paul, 1979. 268pp. A scholarly examination of the legal and human consequences of the Potsdam Conference where the Allies agreed to the transfer of ethnic Germans from eastern Europe. Includes an extensive bibliography.

1065. G^siorowski, Eugeniusz. Guide to Torun. Warsaw: Sport i Turystyka, 1972. 130pp. A tourist guide to postwar Toruri. 1066. Geiss, Imanuel. "German Ostpolitik and the Polish Question." East European Quarterly 19 (June 1985), 201-218. 1067. Gelberg, Ludwik. "Warsaw Treaty of 1970 and the Western Boundary of Poland." American Journal ofInternational Law 16 (Ian.. 1982), 119129. 1068. German Minorities in Poland and Italy during the Second World War and Minorities in Germany After 1945. Hamburg: Universitat der Bundeswehr, 1990. 149pp. Articles based on papers delivered at the 13th annual conference of the German Studies Association held in Milwaukee, Wis. 1069. Germany and Eastern Europe Since 1945: From the Potsdam Agreement to Chancellor Brandt's Ostpolitik. Keesing's Research Report. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973. 322pp. Uses West German speeches, documents, and treaties to trace the Ostpolitik policy of the Federal Republic over the past two decades.

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1070. Good Neighbours: Sketches of Life on a Frontier. Dresden: Verlag Zeit im Bild; Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1979? 62pp. Celebrates the new friendship between two socialist countries and affirms the current border as one of peace. 1071. Griffith, William E. Ostpolitik of the Federal Republic of Germany. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T Press, 1978. 325pp. Discusses the postwar foreign policy of the FRG with countries of eastern Europe, including Poland. Notes that the persistent issue between the FRG and Poland was recognition of the Polish-East German boundary. This was solved by a treaty signed in 1970. 1072. Gronowicz, Antoni. Polish Profiles: The Land, the People and Their History. Westport, Conn.: Lawrence Hill, 1976. 320pp. Based on visits to Poland by a native son. Describes travels in the western territories and focuses on the centuries old Polish-German conflicts. 1073. Gross, Feliks. "Poland and Germany: Reflections on the Past, the Future and on Ethnic Minorities." Polish Review 37:4 (1992), 407-422. 1074. Hamilton, F. E. Ian. Poland's Western and Northern Territories. Problem Regions of Europe. London: Oxford University Press, 1975. 48pp. A neutral description of the background and current situation of the Polish borderlands. 1075. Heit, Siegfried. "National Minorities and Their Effect on Polish Foreign Relations." Nationalities Papers 8 (1980), 9-19. 1076. Jensen, Jearme L. "Cooperation and Conflict in Normalization of Relations Between People's Republic of Poland and the Federal Republic of Germany." Ph.D. diss., University of South Carolina, 1985. 237pp. DA46/10-A,p.3150. 1077. Kawalewale, Kammakizeni J. Opinion: An Interpretation." 170pp. DA37/12-A,p.7910.

"Ostpolitik and West German Public Ph.D.diss., Miami University, 1976.

1078. Klafkowski, Alfons. Polish-German Frontier after World War II. Translated from Polish. Poznari: Wydawn. Poznariskie, 1972. 126pp. Discusses the legality of the border settlement which resulted from the Potsdam Conference.

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1079. Kokot, J6zef. "Logic of Potsdam Verified." Polish Western Affairs 1 (1971), 24-43. 1080. Konczakowski, Edmund F. "Vatican Policy Toward German-Polish Oder-Neisse Foreign Policy, 1945-1972." Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1976. 482pp. DA 37/04-A, p.2407. 1081. Kozlowski, E. "Role of Gdarisk in the History of Poland." Poland and Germany 15 (1971), 23-33. 1082. Kozniewski, K. "German Problems in the Literature of People's Poland." Polish Western Affairs 16:2 (1975), 143-167. 1083. Kruszewski, Zbigniew A. Oder-Neisse Boundary and Poland's Modernization: The Socio-Economic and Political Impact. New York: Praeger, 1972. 245pp. Describes a new society in the western territories, developed by 4.4 million new settlers who have built modern communities in an area devastated by World War n. 1084. Kulski, Wladyslaw W. Germany and Poland: From War to Peaceful Relations. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1976. 336pp. A scholarly, historical examination of Polish-German relations over the past centuries, through World War II to the recent treaties of cooperation. 1085. Labuda, Gerard. "Poland's Return to the Baltic and the Odra and Nysa in 1945: Historical and Current Conditions." Polish Western Affairs 16:1 (1975), 3-36. Traces population shifts and boundary shifts which have taken place over time in the borderlands. 1086. Lysek, Pawel. Poland's Western and Northern Territories: A Millennium of Struggle. Flushing, N.Y.: Queens College, 1973. 23pp. Briefly describes the history of the borderlands and its devastation after World War n. Notes that over 2 million Germans had been transferred out of the area "in an organized manner," and that new settlers from eastern Poland had moved in. 1087. M^ka, Henryk. Szczecin: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1979. 179pp. German Stettin in the Pomeranian borderlands has become Polish Szczecin since the war: rebuilt, serving as a seaport for goods coming

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down the Oder River and as an economic link between Germany and Poland. 1088. Meclewski, Edmund. Polish Arguments: Poland on the Odra, Lusatian Nysa and Baltic. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Polish Interpress Agency, 1987. 53pp. Presents Polish reasons for retaining the western territories that Poland was given to administer after World War II. 1089. Micewicz, Teresa M. Bilingualism in Upper Silesia: Its Psycho- and Sociolinguistic Problems. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Waszawskiego, 1975. 141pp. Investigates bilingualism that has existed for centuries in Upper Silesia. Analyzes its use in private and in public, and evaluates its impact on all strata of Upper Silesian society. 1090. Mocha, Frank. "Choices in war and peace in Upper Silesia." Modern Age 30 (1986), 226-236. Examines the impact of World War n on social life in Upper Silesia. 1091.

. "In Sight of Crisis." Modern Age 31 (1987), 289-300. Personal experiences in Upper Silesia during and after World War n.

1092. O'Brien, Peter. "German-Polish Migration: The Elusive Search for a German Nation-State." International Migration Review 26 (1992), 373387. 1093. Ortmayer, Louis L. Conflict, Compromise, and Conciliation: West German-Polish Normalization, 1966-1976. Denver: University of Denver, Graduate School of International Studies, 1975. 162pp. Discusses how postwar West German-Polish relations have evolved from hostility to cooperation, with the Oder-Neisse border being the most important aspect. 1094. Orzechowski, Marian. "Wroclaw in the Recent History of the Polish State and Nation." Polish Western Affairs 13:2 (1972), 305-333. 1095. Pacewicz, Piotr. "Polish and German Minorities: Asymmetry of Problems, Symmetry of Solutions." Polish Review 37:4 (1992), 445454. 1096. Pietrucha, Jerzy. Population of Western and Northern Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1972. 139pp. A survey of changes in the nationality of the population that have

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Polish-German Borderlands occurred in the 20th century. Notes the reasons and describes the postwar expulsion of Germans as "repatriation" in accord with the Potsdam agreement

1097. Poploriski, Jan, and Ignacy Rutkiewicz. Odra. Photos by Jan Poploriski, text by Ignacy Rutkiewicz. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1977. 272pp. A historical and pictorial essay on the Odra River. Since 1945 the eastern bank has been repolonized with towns rebuilt and cultural centers created. 1098. Rechowicz, Henryk. Western and Northern Poland. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1972. 138pp. Describes the postwar changes that Poland has achieved in all areas of economic, agricultural, educational and cultural life. 1099. Rosenthal, Harry K. German and Pole: National Conflict and Modern Myth. Gainesville, Fla.: University Presses of Florida, 1976. 175pp. Discusses the views that Germans and Poles have had of each other over the past centuries. Finds that in West Germany since World War n contemptuousness and fear has been replaced by indifference. 1100. Sabbat-Swidlicka, Anna. "Polish-German Relations: Turning Borders Into Bridges." Report on Eastern Europe 1:20 (May 18, 1990), 34-38. 1101. Schwarzer, H. Rudy. My Road to Freedom. South Yarmouth, Ma.: Curley & Associates, 1985. 280pp. Recounts his early life in Silesia just after the end of the war. Eventually he made his way to Berlin and then the United States. 1102. Sharif, Regina S. "Ostpolitik and German Public Opinion, 1964-72: Political Attitudes and Change." Ph.D. diss., American University, 1974. 373pp. DA36/01-A,p.525. 1103. Siebel-Achenbach, Sebastian. Lower Silesia from Nazi Germany to Communist Poland, 1942-1949. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992. 310pp. Finds that both the expelled Germans and the Polish re-settlers suffered hardships in Lower Silesia in the 1940s. Examines wartime events and Potsdam diplomatic maneuvers that triggered the population shifts. 1104. Sindermann, Horst. GDR and Poland: Friends and Battle Comrades Forever, Speeches ...to Mark the 25th Anniversary of the Zgorzelec Treaty on the Oder-Neisse Peace Line. Translated from German.

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Berlin: Panorama DDR, 1975. 14pp. Official speeches marking the treaty of friendship between the German Democratic Republic and Poland. Includes the text of the Zgorzelec Treaty. 1105. Skubiszewski, Krzysztof. "Change Versus Stability in Europe: A Polish View." World Today 46 (Aug/Sepl 1990), 148-151. 1106.

. "Poland's Western Frontier and the 1970 Treaties." American Journal of International Law 67:1 (1973), 23-43.

1107. Surdykowski, Jerzy. Poland's Baltic Coast. Translated from Polish. Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1975. 253pp. Sketches coastal history from the Polish point of view and includes 200 photographs of Kashubia and Pomerania. 1108. Szermer, Bohdan. Gdansk, Past and Present Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1971. 214pp. Presents the history of Gdarisk within the context of Polish history and describes its rebuilding since the war. 1109. Szewczyk, W. "Different Versions of Patriotism in the 19th and 20th Centuries: Silesian Writings." Polish Western Affairs 30:2 (1989), 127140. 1110. Tanski, Jan. "Bund Deutscher Osten in the System of Anti-Polish Propaganda." Polish Western Association of America Quarterly 22:1-2 (1980), 12-14. 1111.

. "Polish-German Relations and the Problem of National Security." Polish Western Association of America Quarterly 25:1-2 (1983), 6-7.

1112.

. "Problem of the German Minority in Poland." Western Association of America Quarterly 28:1-2 (1988), 1-5.

Polish

1113. Tighe, Carl. Gdansk: National Identity in the Polish-German Borderlands. London; Winchester, Mass.: Pluto Press, 1990. 314pp. Explains the centuries of Polish-German conflict in Gdarisk as resulting from the clash of industrialization and capitalism. 1114.

. "Tin Drum in Poland." Journal of European Studies 19 (March 1989), 3-20.

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1115. Topolinska, Zuzarma. Historical Phonology of the Kashub ian Dialects of Polish. The Hague: Mouton, 1974. 190pp. Kashubian is spoken in postwar Poland in a small area southwest of Gdarisk. Despite efforts in the 19th century, the dialect has not developed into a literary language. All Kashubians are bi- or trilingual, with many older people able to speak German as well as Polish. 1116. Wierzbiariski, Boleslaw. "On Polish and German Minorities." Polish Review 31A (1992), 437-444. 1117. Wojciechowski, Marian. "Exodus of the Germans from the Odra and Lusatian Nysa Territories." Polish Western Affairs 31:1-2 (1990), 3552.

Chapter 7

FICTION Poles and Germans have a passionate interest in both historical and contemporary fiction set in the borderlands, and many novels have been written in both languages. Only a relative few, however, have been translated into English. Even then, it is difficult to discover if books have borderlands settings because precise locales are mentioned in reviews only occasionally. Finding relevant fiction becomes therefore a matter of serendipity. 1118. Baskerville, Beatrice C. Playground of Satan. New York: Watt, 1918. 308pp. During World War I in Poland members of a landowning family experience the consequences of being invaded and occupied by Prussian troops. They decide to flee and run into even greater adversity. 1119. Bienek, Horst. Earth and Fire. Translated from German. New York: Atheneum, 1988. 257pp. The fourth novel in the series about the borderlands city of Gleiwitz during World War n. The story's two families must decide whether to flee the city or stay as the Soviet troops approach. One family remains to experience the Russian occupation. The other escapes westward to the city of Dresden shortly before it was severely bombed in February 1945. 1120.

. First Polka. Translated from German. San Francisco: Fjord Press, 1984. 326pp. Life in Gleiwitz is revealed on August 31, 1939, the day that Germany invaded Poland to begin World War n. Sheds light on relationships among the German, Polish, and Jewish people of the borderlands.

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1121.

. September Light. Translated from German. New York: Atheneum, 1987. 273pp. Focuses on the day of September 4, 1939, in Gleiwitz, disclosing the turmoil in the lives of two families at the beginning of World War n.

1122.

. Time Without Bells. Translated from German. New York: Atheneum, 1988. 338pp. In Gleiwitz on Good Friday of 1943 the church bell is seized by German soldiers to be melted down for ammunition. The population of the border city does not want to be affected by the war. The families in the story try to continue their ordinary lives.

1123. Borowski, Tadeusz. This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen, and Other Stories. Translated from Polish. New York: Viking Press, 1967. 160pp. Short stories that evolved from Borowski's experiences in Auschwitz concentration camp during World War n. His stories express the view that people will do anything necessary to survive. 1124. Bronnen, Arnolt S.O.S. Translated from German. London: M. Seeker, 1930. 317pp. German tale of the plebiscite held in Upper Silesia after World War I. Praises the exploits of the Freikorps in Silesia. 1125. Bruckner, Christine. Flight of Cranes. Translated from German. New York: Fromm International Publishing Corp., 1982. 372pp. The second half of Maximiliane's experiences. She and her children joined the westward trek from Pomerania in the winter of 1944-45 to escape the Soviet troops. Maximiliane found ways to support her children and start life again in western Germany after the war. 1126.

. Gillyflower Kid. Translated from German. New York: Fromm International Publishing Corp., 1982. 357pp. Maximiliane was born in Pomerania in 1918, the daughter of a German baron. She married a military man who pursued his career in Berlin while she reared their children. As World War II was ending, Maximiliane and her children began the difficult westward trek from Pomerania to escape the Soviet army.

1127. Cohn, Clara Viebig. Daughters of Hecuba: A Tale of Our Times. Translated from German. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1922. 308pp. Life in the eastern provinces of Germany was very difficult during World War I. People went hungry and there was much suffering.

Fiction 1128.

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. Sleeping Army: A Story of Prussian and Pole. Translated from German. London: E. Benn, 1929. 315pp. A story of the oppressed Polish population, the "sleeping army," in Prussia's eastern provinces.

1129. Coleman, Marion M. Polish Land: Ziemia Polska. Trenton, N.J.: White Eagle Publishing Co., 1943. 127pp. Poems, stories, and legends of Poland, including the western regions of Silesia, Pomorze, and the Baltic seacoast. 1130. Fahrmann, Willi. Year of the Wolves: The Story of an Exodus. Translated from German. London: Oxford University Press, 1973. 195pp. Follows the trek of an East Prussian family into West Prussia and Pomerania in the last months of World War n, trying to escape Soviet troops and the war. Describes the fate of fellow refugees who were overrun by the armies, attacked by Russian planes, and bombarded by artillery fire. 1131. Field, Hermann, and Stanislaw Mierzeriski. Angry Harvest. New York: Crowell, 1958. 491pp. During World War n a Polish farmer hides a young Jewish woman who is trying to escape the Nazis. His initial love for her turns to feelings of domination and anger. 1132. Frank, Rudolf. No Hero for the Kaiser. New York: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1986. 222pp. A Polish boy who survived the German invasion of his town is befriended by occupying soldiers. When the Germans press him to become a German citizen, he flees. 1133. Freytag, Gustav. Debit and Credit. Translated from German. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1893. 564pp. First written in 1855, the novel describes the growth of a business in Breslau, with a young German apprentice rising to manager while a young Jewish apprentice grows more villainous. 1134.

. Our Forefathers: A Novel. Translated from German. London: Asher, 1873. 327, 304pp. A historical novel of Silesia follows the fate of a family from the middle ages to the 19th century.

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1135. Giertych, Jgdrzej. Baltic Tales. Translated from Polish. London: Veritas Foundation Press, 1955. 244pp. Kashubian stories set in the interwar period. 1136. Grass, Gtinter. Call of the Toad. Translated from German. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992. 248pp. Grass writes a contemporary story of relations between Poles and Germans in Gdarisk. A scheme to start a cemetery association that would allow West Germans to be buried in their old homeland gets out of control. 1137.

. Cat and Mouse. Translated from German. New York: Harcourt Brace & World, 1963. 189pp. Set in Danzig before and during World War n. One boy with a particularly large adam's apple is teased by other boys. He became their leader. During the war he drowned while on leave from the Russian front.

1138.

. Dog Years. Translated from German. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965. 570pp. Set along the Baltic seacoast near Danzig from the 1920s to the 1950s. Grass tells a parable of German national guilt using three narrators.

1139.

. Tin Drum. Translated from German. New York: Pantheon Books, 1963. 591pp. Oskar was so disillusioned with life that he decided at 3 years old not to grow any more. He relates his story from an asylum where he was put after being convicted of a murder he didn't commit.

1140. Hauptmarm, Gerhart. Fool in Christ, Emanuel Quint: A Novel. Translated from German. New York: B.W. Huebsch, 1911. 474pp. A young Silesian peasant decides to live like Christ, wandering around performing miracles, dependent on the goodwill of others for food and shelter. His fanaticism only irritates people, however, and he seems more like a fool. 1141.

. Weavers: A Drama of the Forties. Translated from German. New York: B.W. Huebsch, 1911. 148pp. A famous play which focused attention on Silesian weavers who revolted because of the terrible cottage working conditions and low pay for piecework.

1142. Hutchinson, Ray C. Journey with Strangers. New York: Rinehart, 1952. 431pp.

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Follows a Polish family's experiences from WW II and the German occupation into the postwar period under the Russians. Related mainly through the Stefanie whose second marriage to Victor was barely recognized by her father-in-law. 1143. Hutter, Catherine. On Some Fair Morning. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1946. 408pp. The locale is Prussian Poland before and after World War I. A young American woman met her future husband, a German nobleman who owned a large estate in Poland, in 1895 at the opening of the Kiel Canal. The novel follows her fortunes through the war. 1144. Klaas, Joe. Maybe I'm Dead. New York: Macmillan, 1955. 408pp. Recounts the forced march westward of Allied prisoners of war in January and February of 1945. The Germans evacuated the camps in western Poland to avoid having them liberated by the Soviets. Without adequate food, clothing, and shelter, the long columns of prisoners suffered terriblyfromthe cold weather. 1145. Kolbenheyer, Erwin Guido. Winter Chronicle. Translated from German. London: John Lane, 1938. 343pp. A cobblerfromBreslau tells his story, while the ghost of another cobbler from the period of the Thirty Years War seems present. 1146. Korschunow, Irina. Night in Distant Motion. Translated from German. Boston: D.R. Godine, 1983. 151pp. During World War n a young German woman falls in love with a Polish prisoner of war and realizes she can no longer remain silent about Nazi lies. 1147. Kosiriski, Jerzy. Painted Bird. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965. 272pp. During World War II a small boy is sent to the Polish countryside for safety, but his family disappears and his foster mother dies. He wanders around the war-ravaged countryside, at the mercy of uncaring and ignorant peasants who treat him cruelly. 1148. Kuniczak, Wieslaw S. Thousand Hour Day. New York: Dial Press, 1976. 628pp. Poland's ftitile resistance to the German invasion with vivid battle scenes, armies, and peasants in the countryside. Follows the action through General Janusz Prus.

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1149. Maltz, Albert. Tale of One January: A Novel London: Calder & Boyars, 1966. 158pp. In January 1945 the Germans ordered Auschwitz prisoners to march westward to escape liberation by the Soviets. This novel of two women who escaped from a column of prisoners describes the chaos of the region as the Germans were retreating and the Soviets advancing. 1150. Meinhold, Wilhelm. Mary Schweidler, the Amber Witch: The Most Interesting Trial for Witchcraft Ever Known. Translated from German. London: H.G. Clarke, 1844. 262pp. A witchcraft novel from the period of the Thirty Years War in Pomerania, supposedly based on a manuscript from the accused woman's father. Meinhold was a Lutheran pastor. 1151.

. Sidonia the Sorceress: The Supposed Destroyer of the Whole Reigning Ducal House of Pomerania. Translated from German. London: Reeves and Turner, 1894. 2 vols. Another fictional tale from Pomerania of a woman using witchcraft to manipulate people.

1152. Milman, Robert, Bishop of Calcutta. Mitslav; or The Conversion of Pomerania: A True Story of the Shores of the Baltic in the Twelfth Century. London; New York: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; E. & IB. Young, 1882. 349pp. A fictionalized history of Otto, Bishop of Bamberg, and the founding of Christian churches in Pomerania in the early twelfth century. 1153. Nowakowski, Tadeusz. Camp of All Saints. Translated from Polish. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1962. 314pp. The setting is a displaced persons camp in Germany just after World War II. Polish forced laborers have to sort through their options after the horrors of the war. Should they return to Soviet-controlled Poland and settle in the western territories or emigrate to another country. 1154. Russell, Mary A., Countess. Elizabeth and Her German Garden. London: Macmillan, 1898. 207pp. The story of German woman and her love for her husband, children, and garden. The setting is Pomerania. 1155. Scott, Hugh S. [Henry Seton Merriman, pseud.] Barlasch of the Guard. New York: Dutton, 1971. 212pp. A children's story set in Danzig, first published in 1903.

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1156. Sienkiewicz, Henryk. Knights of the Cross. Translated from Polish. Boston: Little, Brown, 1900. 2 vols. Poles and the Teutonic Knights were in conflict at the end of the 14th century over the Knights' expansion into Polish territory. Follows the exploits of a Polish knight. 1157. Smith, Harry T. Last Campaign. New York: Walker, 1985. 191pp. In the last months of World War n some German soldiers decide to desert on the eastern front, and begin the walk back toward Germany. Some of the action takes place in the borderlands as they live off the land while making their way to the Reich ahead of Soviet troops. British title: Necessary Peace. 1158. Unruh, Fritz von. End Is Not Yet: A Novel of Hatred and Love. New York: Storm Publishers, 1947. 540pp. During World War II a young Polish dancer is forced to dance before Hitler. Her impulse to steal his famous will has terrible repercussions for her. 1159. Wolf, Christa. Model Childhood. Translated from German. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1980. 407pp. An East German writer gives a fictionalized account of growing up in the borderlands. Her family was forced to leave their home after World War n. She moves the narrative between the 1940s and the 1970s when she returned to Poland to visit her family's former home. An exceptional novel.

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Chapter 8

FILMS AND OTHER MEDIA The entertainment and educational films cited in this chapter have been produced in Poland, the two Germanies, and the United States. For the foreign films, the English title is given, if known. Not all foreign films have been released in the United States as yet. The descriptions come from written sources because motion pictures are not readily available for reviewing. The criteria for including films in the bibliography have been relaxed to include general interactions between Poles and Germans and Second World War history, as well as a focus on the borderlands themselves. FILMS 1160. Abrahams Gold. Production: Avista/Project/Adamos Film ZDF, West Germany. Director: Jorg Graser. Released 1989. Color, 95min. A former World War n concentration camp guard intends to return to Poland to dig up buried gold and become wealthy. 1161. Anna, Proletarian. Production: Poland. Director: Slowomir Grunberg. Released 1981. Documentary story of a Gdarisk Shipyard worker who helped organize an unofficial trade union. The Solidarity union provided funding for the film. 1162. Aufenthalt = Turning Point / Held for Questioning. Production: DEFA, East Germany. Director: Frank Beyer. Released 1983. In 1945, a case of mistaken identity forces a German soldier to reexamine his views of guilt when he is imprisoned in a Polish-run POW camp

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Polish-German Borderlands for a crime he did not commit Based on Herman Kant's novel, Aufenthalt.

1163. Barwy Ochronne = Camouflage. Production: Film Polski, Tor Unit, Poland. Director: Krzysztof Zanussi. Released 1977. Color, 106min. Takes place in postwar Poland at the university in Torun where students compete for awards. Raises questions of public morality. 1164. Bittere Ernte = Bitter Harvest /Angry Harvest. Production: CCC Filmkunst/Admiral-Film, West Germany. Director: Agnieszka Holland. Released 1984. Color, 102min. In Silesia in 1943 a Polish farmer hides a Jewish woman fleeing from the Nazis. His desire for her is overpowering. 1165. Blechtrommel = Tin Drum. Production: Franz Seitz/Argos, West Germany and France. Director: Volker SchUmdorff. Released 1979. Color, 145min. A classic tale of Oskar who chose to quit growing at age 3 in order to avoid the realities of life in inter-war Germany. Based on one of Gtinter Grass's Danziger novels, Blechtrommel. 1166. Blisko, CorazBliiej = Close By, Getting Nearer. Series 1, 1982; Series 2,1985. Production: Poland. Director: Zbigniew Chmielewski. Television series about three generations of a mining family in Upper Silesia during the German rule. 1167. tina = Moth. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Tomasz Zygadlo. Released 1980. A radio personality from Gdarisk gives advice to the lovelorn, but his personal life is in disarray. 1168. Czarne Skrzydla = Black Wings. Production: Film Polski, Iluzjon Unit, Poland. Directors: Ewa and Czeslaw Petelski. Released 1963. Depicts early 20th century working life in the great Dabrowa coal basin in Silesia; based on Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski's novel, Czarne Skrzydla. 1169. Czlowiek z 2elaza = Man of Iron. Production: Film Polski, X Unit, Poland. Director: Andrzej Wajda. Released 1981. Color, 140min. A television journalist who covered the Gdarisk Shipyard strike in 1980 lost the trust of the strikers when it was discovered that he was ordered to betray them. 1170. Dezerter = Deserter. Production: FilmPolski, Poland. Direaor: Witold Lesiewicz. Released 1958.

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After the Germans invaded western Poland in September 1939, many Poles in the borderlands were forced into the German army against their wills. 1171. Do Widzenia, Do Jutra = Farewell, Till Tomorrow. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Janusz Morgenstern. Released 1960. A comical view of the ups and downs of a student theater in Gdarisk in the 1950s. 1172. Erste Polka = First Polka. Production: NDF/Bavaria, West Germany. Director: Klaus Emmerich. Released 1978. Color, 96min. Examines German-Polish-Jewish life in the Silesian border town of Gleiwitz just as World War II begins. Based on the novel Erste Polka by Horst Bienek. 1173. Escape. Production: Teaching Film Custodians, from the 1958 motion picture made by S.H.A. Company. Director: George Archainbaud. Released 1968. B&W, 27min. The events surrounding Carl Schurz's escape from the Prussian town of Rastatt after an unsuccessful rebellion against the King of Prussia in 1848. 1174. Fall Gleiwitz = Gleiwitz Case. Production: DEFA, East Germany. Director: Gerhard Klein. Released 1961. Reveals the true story of the attack on the German radio transmission post in 1939. The phony attack was the excuse for the German invasion of Poland. 1175. Godziny Nadziei = Hours of Hope. Production: Film Polski, Rytm Unit, Poland. Director: Jan Rybkowski. Released 1955. 102min. A mixed assortment of POWs, concentration camp inmates, and refugees wait in the borderlands for World War II to end; based on Godziny Nadziei, a novel by Jerzy Pomianowski. 1176. The Great Escape. Production: Mirisch Co., United States. Director: John Sturges. Released 1963. Color, 170min. The retelling of the famous escape of Allied POWs through a tunnel from Stalag Luft HI, Sagan, Silesia, during World War II; based on Paul Brickhill's story Great Escape. llll.

Greta. Production: EVD, Poland. Director: Krzysztof Gruber. Released 1986. Color, 60min. Television play about a young Polish boy befriended by a German army deserter during World War DL When a German officer shot the deserter,

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Polish-German Borderlands the boy sought refuge in the home of Greta, whose father turned out to be the German officer.

1178. Grezeszny 2ywot Franciska Bufy = Sinful Life of Franciszek Bula. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Janusz Kidawa. Released 1980. Upper Silesian folklore is the basis for this story of a group of drifters. 1179. Griine Vogel = Green Bird. Production: Manfred Durniok, West Germany. Director: Istvan Szabo. Released 1979. Color, 94min. An unusual 1970s love story with a German-Polish twist: Two medical researchers of different ethnic backgrounds meet only a few days a year at a medical conference. 1180. Gwiasdy Muszq Plonqc = Stars Must Shine. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Directors: Andrzej Munk and Witold Lesiewicz. Released 1954. A documentary portrait of postwar Upper Silesian coal-miners. 1181. Heiden von Kummerow und Irhe Lustigen Streiche = Heathens of Kummerow and Their Pranks. Production: Neue Realfilm, West Germany; DEFA, East Germany. Director: Werner Jacobs. Released 1967. Color, 97min. A conservative German pastor in a pre-World War I Pomeranian village is plagued with shenanigans beyond his control. 1182. Hitler Invades Poland. Production: CBS Television, United States. Director: William D.Russell. Released 1957. B&W,28min. An episode of the television program You Are There, in which on-thespot reporting is used to describe the events leading to the German invasion and occupation of Poland in September 1939. 1183. Kiedy Milosc Byla Zbrodnia—Rassenschande = When Love Was a Crime. Production: Film Polski, Rytm Unit, Poland; West Germany. Director: Jan Rybkowski. Released 1967. A love affair between a German woman and a Polish POW during World WarH. 1184. Krajobraz Po Bitwie = Landscape After Battle. Production: Film Polski, Wektor Unit,Poland. Director: Andrzej Wajda. Released 1970. Color, 109min. In a displaced persons camp in Germany at the end of World War n, Poles who were forced laborers, concentration camp survivors, and POWs are caught up in old social and political conflicts; based on short

Films and Other Media

155

stories by Tadeusz Borowski in This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen, and Other Stories. 1185. Krzyiacy = Teutonic Knights. Production: Film Polski, Studio Unit, Poland. Director: Aleksander Ford. Released 1960. Color, 175min. Based on the novel Krzyzacy by Henryk Sienkiewicz; a lauded portrayal of medieval Polish reactions to German eastern expansion and the defeat of the Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Grunwald in 1410. 1186. Land der Vdter, Land der Sohne = Land of the Fathers, Land of the Sons. Production: B.A. Film/N.Hofmann, West Germany. Director: Nico Hofinann. Released 1988. Color, 89min. A young man investigates his father's role in World War n and discovers that his father administered a factory in Poland that used slave laborers. 1187. Limuzyna Daimler-Benz = Daimler-Benz Limousine. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Filip Bajon. Released 1982. Tensions between two brothers in a Polish-German family on the eve of World WarH. 1188. Milosc w Niemczech = Liebe in Deutschland = Love in Germany. Production: CCC Filmkunst/Baumont/ZDF, West Germany and France. Director: Andrzej Wajda. Released 1984. Color, 108min. World War H love affair between a German woman and a Polish forced laborer; based on the book, Liebe in Deutschland, by Rolf Hochhuth. 1189. Morituri. Production: CCC, Berlin. Director: Eugen York. Released 1948. B&W, 80min. The story of a group of escaped concentration camp prisoners who await liberation by Soviet troops in western Poland. 1190. Na Straty Swej Stac B$dp = I'll Stand on Guard of My Own. Production: Film Production "Zespoly Filmowe," Poland. Director: Kazimierz Kutz. Released 1983. In Upper Silesia at the beginning of the war in 1939 a conspiracy against the Nazis ended tragically. 1191. Nacht Fiel ttber Gotenhafen = Night Fell on Gotenhafen. Production: DFH, West Germany. Director: Frank Wisbar. Released 1959. 99min. In the last months of World War H millions of German civilians and soldiers were evacuatedfromthe Pomeranian coast by the German navy. This is the story of a rescue ship which was sunk by a Soviet attack.

156

Polish-German Borderlands

1192. Najdiuzsta Wojna Nowoczesnej Europy = Longest War in Modern Europe. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Jerzy Sztwiertnia. Released in 1981. Television serial about the Polish quest for national identity in Prussian Poland, from 1820 to 1920. 1193. Nazi Strike. Production: United States War Dept Released 1943. B&W, 41min. A official American film in the Why We Fight series; gave U.S. service personnel the history of the war in Europe, including Germany's takeover of Austria and Czechoslovakia and its invasion of Poland. 1194. Nie Ma Mocnych = Take It Easy. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Sylwester Checilski. Released 1974. Color, 89min. A comedy featuring two families who settled on adjacent farms in the western territories after World War EL This sequel takes place many years after the period in the first film: Sami Swoi = All Friends Here. See no. 1207. 1195. Nikt Nie Woh = Nobody Is Calling. Production: Film Polski, Kadr Unit, Poland. Director: Kazimierz Kutz. Released 1960. Color, 85min. Takes place in the western territories in postwar Poland; immigrants from other parts of Poland are struggling to make a new start in a small town. 1196. Paciorki Jednego Roianca = Beads of the Same Rosary. Production: Film Production "Zespoly Filmowe,H Kadr Unit, Poland. Director: Kazimierz Kutz. Released 1980. Color, 116min. The third film in the series about Silesian miners; a retired miner refuses to give in to postwar authorities who want to move him to a "modern" apartment. 1197. Password Is Courage. Production: M-G-M, United States. Director: Andrew L. Stone. Released 1962. B&W, 115min. The imprisonment of a British POW in a German prison camp during World War n. Based on the life of Charles Coward, Password Is Courage, written by John Castle. 1198. Perla w Koronie = Pearl in the Crown. Production: Film Polski, Silesia Unit, Poland. Director: Kazimierz Kutz. Released 1972. Silesian miners in the 1930s resent German control of the mines; the second film in Kutz's trilogy.

Films and Other Media

157

1199. Pierwszy Dzien Wolnosci = First Day of Freedom. Production: Film Polski, Studio Unit, Poland. Director: Aleksander Ford. Released 1964. Color, 93min. Conflicts between the family of a German physician and Polish soldiers in a small western Polish town toward the end of World War EL 1200. Polenweiher. Production: Hofinann-Strittmatter ProdVSWR, West Germany. Director: Nico Hofmann. Released 1985. Color, 104min. During World War n, a young Polish woman, forced to work in Germany, dies because of strange circumstances. 1201. Poznanskie Slowiki = Nightingales from Poznad Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Hieronim Przybyl. Released 1965. Story of the famous boys' choirfromPoznari. 1202. Reflections: To Be A German. Production: Northwest Community Television Corp., United States. Producer/writer: Tim Pattrin. Released 1986. Color, 60min. A two-part television documentary about the personal experiences of two Germans from the borderlands before and during World War n. 1203. Robotnicy 71, Nie o Nas Bez Nas = Workers 71, Nothing About Us Without Us. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Directors: Krzysztof Kieslowski and Tomasz Zygadlo. Released 1972. A documentary of workers' views after the Gdarisk revolt in December 1970. 1204. Robotnicy '80 = Workers '80. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Directors: Andrzej Zaj^czkowski and Andrzej Chodakowski. Released 1980. B&W, 94min. A documentary film of the 1980 Gdarisk Shipyard strikes that culminated in the beginning of the Solidarity movement. 1205. Rok pokojnego Slonca = Year of the Quiet Sun. Production: Regina Ziegler Film, West Germany; Film Polski, Poland; Teleculture Inc., United States. Director: Krzysztof Zanussi. Released 1985. Color, 106min. A 1946 love story between an American military investigator of war crimes and a Polish widow who cannot leave western Poland because of obligations to the past. 1206. Rose Bernd. Production: Bavaria, West Germany. Director: Wolfgang Staudte. Released 1956. Color, 98min.

158

Polish-German Borderlands Late 19th century story about Rose, the daughter of a Silesian farmer, who faced conflicts between her natural inclinations and her religious background; based on Gerhart Hauptmann's play, Rose Bernd.

1207. Sami Swoi = All Friends Here. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Sylwester Checiriski. Released 1967. B&W, 78min. A comedy featuring two families who settle on adjacent farms in the western territories after World War n. Nie Ma Mocnych = Take It Easy is the sequel. See no. 1194. 1208. Sol Ziemi Cjarnej = Salt of the Black Earth. Production: Film Polski, Silesia Unit, Poland. Director: Kazimierz Kutz. Released 1970. 1920 uprising by Silesian miners against German authorities; the first in a trilogy of Silesian mining films by director Kazimierz Kutz. 1209. Stalowe Serca = Hearts of Steel. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Director: Stanislaw Urbanowicz. Released 1948. Anti-Nazi conspiracy in the steel industry in Upper Silesia during the last months of World War II. 1210. Trzy Stopy Nad Ziemiq = Three Feet Above Earth. Production: Film Polski, Oko Unit, Poland. Director: Jan Kidawa-Bloriski. Released 1985. Color, 87min. Two young workers are in a Silesian coal mine in the early 1980s. 1211. Uberall 1st Es Besser, Wo Wir Nicht Sind = Grass Is Greener Everywhere Else. Production: Daniel Zuta Filmproduction/ZDF, West Germany. Direaor: Michael Klier. Released 1989. Color, 74min. In the early 1980s a young Polish man sets off for the United States but gets stranded in West Berlin on the way. 1212. Wege In Der Nacht = Ways in the Night / Paths in the Night Production: Hartwig Schmidt for Westdeutscher Rundfiink, West Germany; Film Polski, Tor Unit, Poland. Director: Krzysztof Zanussi. Released 1979. Color, 98min. A television play about love and hate between a German and a Pole in the borderland town of Malogoszcz during World War n. 1213. Westerplatte. Production: Film Polski, Rytm Unit, Poland. Direaor: Stanislaw Rouewicz. Released 1967. B&W, 99min. The Polish garrison at the mouth of the Vistula near Danzig tried to defend itself in the early days of the German invasion in September, 1939.

Films and Other Media

159

1214. Wizja Lokalna 1901 = Visit to the Scene of the Crime, 1901. Production: Film Polski, Poland. Direaor: Filip Bajon. Released 1981. Political persecution of Poles in Prussian Poland; based on historical events at the turn of the century. 1215. Wolne Miasto = Open City. Production: Film Polski, Rytm Unit, Poland. Direaor: Stanislaw Roiewicz. Released 1958. Color, 103min. When the Germans invaded Poland in September 1939, a small group of Polish postal employees tried unsuccessfully to defend the Danzig post office. When the siege ended, the Poles were killed by the Nazis. OTHER MEDIA 1216. Atlas of the New Territories of Poland = Atlas Ziem Odzyskanych. Jozefa Zaremby, ed. Warszawa: Glowny Urzad Planowania Przestrzennego, 1947. 35 maps Includes physical features, mineral resources, water resources, railways, roads, war damage, and spring planting statistics with titles and captions in Polish, Russian, English and French. 1217. Dietrich, Bruno. Natural Border of the North-East Districts of Upper Silesia. Breslau: M. & H. Marcus, 1921? 4 colored maps. Maps issued by the Geographical Institute of Breslau University. 1218. Germany's Eastern Boundaries. Prepared by the U.S. Civil Administration Division. [N.p.]: Office of Military Government for Germany (US), 1947. 32 p., 9 maps. Maps with details of the boundary between Germany and Poland, as understood by the United States Military Occupation Government. 1219. Gibson, John. "A New and Accurate Map of the Kingdom of Prussia and Polish Prussia from the Sieur Robert's Atlas with Improvements." In New System of Geography, vol. 2 by Daniel Fenning, pp.75. London, 1773 [i.e.1779?]. 1220. Kitchin, Thomas. "Poland Shewing the Claims of Austria, Russia and Prussia." In New System of Geography, vol. 2 by Daniel Fenning, pp.133. London, 1773 [i.e.1779?]. 1221. Rollos, George. "A New Map of the Duchy of Silesia, Drawn from the Best Authorities." In New System of Geography, vol. 2 by Daniel Fenning, pp.162. London, 1773 [i.e.1779?].

160

Polish-German Borderlands

1222. Volz, Wilhelm. German Element in the Upper-Silesian Districts of Rybnik and Pless. Breslau: M. & H. Marcus, 1921. 5 colored maps. The maps by the direaor of the Geographical Institute of Breslau University show the percentages of German and Polish population and voting patterns in Upper Silesia. 1223. Wilson and the Territorial Settlement at Versailles. Collaborators: Edwin Fenton and T. Walter Wallbank. [N.p.]: Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corp., 1965. 8 colored transparencies. Designed to show the changes the Treaty of Versailles had on the borders of European countries, including the boundary between Germany and Poland.

AUTHOR INDEX

Numbers are citation numbers. Achenbach, S. Siebel. See Siebel-Achenbach, S. Adamkiewicz, G., 522 Adams, John Quincy, 88 Alan, Allan E., 664 Albee, Parker B., 276 Allen, Debra J., 1046 Allyn, Emily, 665 Alma-Tadema, Laurence, 277 American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, 2,6 American Friends Service Committee, 614,615 American Geographical Society of New York, 296 American-Polish Chamber of Commerce, 381, 394, 612 American Relief Administration, 525 Anderson, Herbert F., 831 Arndt, Claus, 1047 Arski, Stefan, 832 Ash, Lee, 1 Askenazy, Simon, 279 Aslund, P. A., 1048 Association of American

Geographers, 562 Association of Expellee Landsmannschaften, 870 Association of History Teachers of the Middle States and Maryland, 520 Augur, pseud. See Poliakoff, Vladimir Aurich, Peter, 833 Azc£rate, Pablo de, 523 Bagiriski, Henryk, 666 Balcerak, Wieslaw, 1049 Baltic Institute, 185, 213, 226, 268, 269, 270, 271, 274, 275, 402, 458, 497, 507, 521, 524, 572, 603 Banasiak, Stefan, 834 Bandrowski, J. Kaden. See Kaden-Bandrowski, J. Bang, Jeremy D., 159 Bannister, Sybil, 724 Barber, Alvin B., 525 Bartlett, Vernon, 526 Bartys, Julian, 160 Baskerville, Beatrice C , 1118 Bauer, A., 435

162 Belloc, Hilaire, 399 Benson, Edward F., 280,281 Berezowski, Stanislaw, 835 Berliriska, Danuta, 1050 Bessel, R. J., 527 Bienek, Horst, 1119,1120,1121, 1122,1172 Bierman, DonE., 1051,1052 Bierzanek, Remigiusz, 836 Bilainkin, George, 400,401 Biskup, Marian, 161,162 Bithell, Jethro, 65 Black, Cyril E., 163 Blanke, Richard, 164,165,166, 167, 168, 364, 528, 529 Blejwas, Stanislaus, 2 Boehlke, LeRoy, 169 Bolduan, Tadeusz, 837 Bongartz, H. See Thorwald, Jiirgen Borowik, Jozef, 402 Borowski, Tadeusz, 1123,1184 Borrie, John, 725 Borzestowski, B. Socha. See Socha-Borzestowski, B. Bostick, Darwin, 282 Boswell, A. Bruce, 283 Botwinick, Rita S., 784 Bourret, Mary-Louise, 284 Brackmann, Albert, 530 Brady, J. M., 403 Brant, Irving, 838 Braun, Joachim von, 839, 840 Bregman, Alexander, 841, 842 Bren, Frank, 77 Breslau Chamber of Commerce, 387 Breslau University Geographical Institute, 1222 Brevern, M.C. von. See Von Brevern, M.C. Brickhill, Paul, 726, 1176 British Museum Dept. of Printed Books, 7, 8

Polish-German Borderlands Brock, Peter, 170 Brodzka, Halina, 843 Bromke, Adam, 1053 Bronnen, Arnolt, 1124 Brooks, Richard A.E., 92 Brown, E. H., 404 Brown, Kingsley, 727 Brown, Liane I., 728 Brown, MacAlister, 531, 844 Brozek, Andrzej, 532, 845, 846, 920 Bruckner, Christine, 1125, 1126 Brzeska, Maria, 729 Buckham, Robert, 730 Buell, Raymond L., 533 Biihler, Phillip A., 1054 Burke, Eldon R., 285 Burleigh, Michael, 171, 534 Buse, Dieter K., 32 Buziriski, Jozef, 847 Byrnes, Robert F., 9 C , A. M., 848 Caldwell, W., 405 Calnan, Thomas D., 731 Campagna, Vera, 732 Campbell, F. Gregory, 365 Carlyle, Thomas, 91, 92 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 430, 523 Carr, John, 93 Carsten, Francis L., 172,173 Cams, P., 286,287 Cary, William H., 849 Caspari, Emil, 174 Castle, John, 733,1197 Cecil, R., 366 Central Polish Plebiscite Committee, 369, 379 Chadwick, Kamilla C , 734 Chanas, Ryszard, 1055 Chiesl, Oliver M., 735 Chisholm, G. G., 288

Author Index Cholewa, B. K., 1056 Chwatczynski, Edward G., 436 Ciechanowski, Jan, 406,535 Cienciala, Anna, 289,407,408, 536, 537, 538 Cieslak, Edmund, 1057 Citino, Robert M., 539, 540 Clafin, Walter H.,175 Cleef, E. van. See Van Cleef, E. Cocherell, F. P., 367 Cohn, Clara Viebig, 1127,1128 Coleman, Marion M., 1129 Collins, Douglas, 736 Colo, V. A., 94 Colquhoun, A. R., 95 Committee Against Mass Expulsions, 934, 952 Connor, Bernard, 96 Conrad, Joseph, 290, 291, 292, 293 Council on Foreign Relations, 44 Coward, Roger V., 737 Cox, Edward G, 34 Crary, Catherine S., 410 Crawley, Aidan, 785 Crotch, W.Walter, 411 Croucher, Murlin, 3 Curtis, Anna, 614 Curtius, Julius, 480 Cushing, Helen G., 55 Cyprian, Tadeusz, 786 Czapliriski, Wladyslaw, 1058, 1059, 1060 Czamecki, Jan, 176 Czechanowski, S., 850 Czerwiriski, Janusz, 1055 Czyiowska, Z., 851 Dachselt, Martin, 541 Daemmrich, Horst S., 67 Daniel, Eugene L., 738 Dantiscus, 412 Dargas, A., 1061 Dassanowsky-Harris, Robert von,

163 1062 Davies, Norman, 37 Dawson, William H., 97,413,414 De Azcarate, P. See Azcarate, P. de De Gozdawa Turczynowicz, L. See Turczynowicz, Laura de G. De LaBizardiere, M. See LaBizardiere, M. de De Litwinski, Leon. See Litwinski, Lednde De Tende, Gaspard. See Tende, Gaspard de DeZayas, Alfred M., 1063,1064 Delbriick, H., 415 Derlatka, Tadeusz, 852, 854, 863, 854 DesFontaines, Pierre F., 98 Desroches de Parthenay, Jean B., 99 Detwiler, Donald S., 38 Detwiler, Ilse E., 38 Dietrich, Bruno, 1217 Diggs, J. Frank, 739 Dillon, E. J., 100 Dlugoborski, Waclaw, 856 Dmowski, Roman, 295 Dobran, Edward A., 740 Dobroszycki, Lucjan, 787 Dobrzucki, Edmund, 857 Dobson, Christopher, 788 Doerr, Juergen C , 32,40 Dominian, Leon, 296 Donald, Robert, 416, 417 Dorwart, Reinhold A., 177 Dover, George J., 101 Drogoslaw, pseud., 97 Dross, Armin, 859 Drozdowski, Marian, 178,179, 542 Drozdzyriski, Aleksander, 860 Drzewieniecki, Walter M., 861, 862

164 Du Houx Viomenil, A. See Viomenil, A.C. du Houx Duffield, A. C , 543 Duffy, Christopher, 789 Dulczewski, Zygmunt, 790, 863, 864, 865 Durand, Arthur A., 741,742 Durand, L., 544 Dutcher, George M., 298 Dvorriik, Francis, 180,181 Dwyer, Joseph D., 10 Dyboski, Roman, 545, 546 Dziewanowski, M. K., 866

Polish-German Borderlands Foy, David A., 792 Francke, Gunhild, 744 Frank, Rudolf, 1132 Franklin, Alicia F., 419 Franklin, William, 419 Freytag, Gustav, 1133,1134 Freytag, Hermann K., 300 Friedberg, M., 186 Friedrich n, King of Prussia, 108 Fuchs, Karl H., 420 Fuchs, Werner, 421 Fuksiewicz, Jacek, 78 Furness, Raymond, 70 Furst, Johann, 422

Edwards, Henry Sutherland, 102, 103 Ehrlich, Ludwik, 104,418, 869 Eley, Geoff, 182 Elfe, W. D., 68 Enser, A. G. S., 41,42 Erickson, John, 791 Evans, Geoffrey, 299 Evans, Jon, 673 Eversley, George J., 183

Gajda, Patricia A., 552, 553 Gartner, Margarete, 423 Gqsiorowski, Eugeniusz, 1065 G^siorowski, Zygmunt J., 554 Gawgda, S., 187 Gayre, Gayre R., 674 Geiss, Imanuel, 1066 Gelberg, Ludwik, 876,1067 Gerlach, H. von. See Von Gerlach,

Fahrmann, Willi, 1130 Fay, Sidney B., 184 Feldman, J6zef, 185 Fenning, Daniel, 1219, 1220,1221 Fenton, Edwin, 1223 Ferguson, Clarence, 743 Fiedor, Karol, 547, 548 Field, Hermann, 1131 Finch, G. A., 368 Fink, Carole, 549 Firich, Charles T., 369 Fischer, Ernst Ludwig, 106 Fischer, P., 550 Fischer, T.A., pseud. See Fischer, Ernst Ludwig Foreign Policy Association, 515 Forgus, Silvia P., 551 Fowler, John, 107

German Library of Information, 670, 681, 713, 714 Gerson, Louis L., 302, 303 Giarmini, Amedeo, 425 Gibbons, Herbert A., 304 Gibson, John, 1219 Giertych, Jgdrzej, 879,1135 Givskov, Erik, 110 Glabisz, K., 880 Glasgow, G., 558 Giebocka, Waciawa, 881 Godden, Gertrude M., 683,684 Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 882 Gorczycki, Andrzej, 21 Gorski, Karol, 188 Gorski, Roman S., 427,428 Goslicki, Wawrzyniec, 111 Gottingen Research Committee,

a

Author Index 839, 867, 868, 870, 871, 877, 879, 871, 902, 926, 930, 948, 994 Gozdecka-Sanford, Adriana, 59 Grabowski, K., 883, 884, 885, 886 Grass, Gtinter, 1136,1137,1138, 1139, 1165 Grau, Karl F., 685 Grazyriski, Michal, 887 Great Britain Foreign Office, Historical Section, 305 Grey, R., 371 Griffith, S. A., 372 Griffith, William E., 1071 Grogan, John P., 745 Gronowicz, Antoni, 888,1072 Gross, Feliks, 1073 Grossman, Vladimir, 686 Grossmarm, Kurt, 889 Grove, William R., 306 Gruchman, Bohdan, 890 Gruenwald, Myron E., 189 Gumkowski, Janusz, 793 Hadfield, Jean, 891 Haenicke, Diether H., 67 Haferkorn, Reinhard, 429 Hagen, William W., 190, 191,192, 193, 194 Hager, Philip E., 71,76 Haines, Michael R., 195,196,197 Halecki, Oscar, 687 Hall, William H.B., 112 Hamel, Joost A. van, 430 Hamilton, F. E. Ian, 1074 Hammerton, Peter A., 892 Handzik, Helmut, 373 Hansen, Ernst R., 559 Hardin, James, 68 Haring, Bernhard, 746 Harley, JohnH., 307,431,432, 433, 560 Harrington, Joseph F., Jr., 374,

165 375, 376, 377 Harris, H.W., 561 Harris, R.v.Dassanowsky. See Dassanowsky-Harris, R.v. Harrison, Jack S., 747 Harsh, George, 748 Hartshorne, R., 434, 562, 563 Harvard University Library, 12 Haskins, Charles H., 308 Hauptmarm, Gerhart, 1140,1141, 1206 Haus, A., 435 Hauser, Przemyslaw, 564 Hazen, Charles D., 309 Hebanowski, Stanislaw, 893 Heinsdorf, Helena, 894,895 Heit, Siegfried, 1075 Helion, Jean, 749 Helmoldus, 113 Helt, Marie E., 79, 80 Helt, Richard C , 79, 80 Herm, Edwin A., 310 Hensel, Witold, 198 Herbert, Ulrich, 199 Hersch, Gisela, 45 Hesse, J. C , 565 Hicken, Marilyn E., 66 Hierowski, Zdzislaw, 896 Hill, Ninian, 311 Hinks, A. R., 312, 378 Hirsch, F. E., 688, 897 Hiscocks, Richard 898 Hlond, Augustus, 689 Hochhuth, Rolf, 1188 Hoffinann, Richard C , 200 Hoggan, David L., 566 Hoinko, Thaddeus, 436 Hollingworth, Clare, 750 Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, 14 Horak, Stephan M., 15,16,17,46, 567 Horecky, Paul L., 4, 18

166 Hoskins, Janina, 18,47 Howell, Forrest W., 751 Hubatsch, Walther, 899 Humble, Malcolm, 70 Husband, R.O., 438 Hutchinson, Graham S., 568 Hutchinson, Ray C , 1142 Hutter, Catherine, 1143 Hyde, Lawrence, Earl of Rochester, 114 Instytut Sl^ski, 847, 920, 938 InstytutZachodni, 811, 826, 890, 1030 Ishii, Viscount, 325 Iwasiewicz, Zbigniew, 901 Jaenicke, Wolfgang, 902 Jakobczyk, Witold, 201 James, B. A., 752 James, John Thomas, 115 Janis, Charles G., 753 Janssen, Johannes, 116 Jasienski, Alexander M., 314 Jedlicki, Marian Z., 202, 203, 204 Jgdrychowski, Stefan, 903 Jensen, Jeanne L., 1076 Johnston, Robert, 117 Jonca, Karol, 794 Jordan, E. L., 691 Jordan, Zbigniew A., 904 Jurgensen, Dr., 439 Kaczmarczyk, Zdzislaw, 205 Kaczmarczyk, Zygmunt, 905 Kaden-Bandrowski, Juliusz, 1168 Kadlubowski, JohnF., 315 Kaeckenbeeck, Georges S., 569, 570 Kaltenbach, Frederick W., 316 Kamenetsky, Ihor, 795, 796 Kamiriski, Ted M., 206, 207 Kammel, Richard, 692

Polish-German Borderlands Kanka, August G., 48 Kant, Herman, 1162 Kaplan, Herbert H., 208 Kaps, Johannes, 693, 694,695 Katelbach, T., 906 Kaufinann, Josef, 317,440 Kawalewale, Kammakizeni J., 1077 Kee, Robert, 754 Kennet, Edward H., 571 Kgplicz, Klemens, 907 Kerner, Robert J., 49 Kerstein, Edward S., 908 Keyser, Erich, 318 Kieniewicz, Stefan, 209 Kilarski, Jan, 441 Kimmich, Christoph M., 442, 443 Kitchin, Thomas, 1220 Klaas, Joe, 1144 Klaessig, E., 143 Klafkowski, Alfons, 909, 910, 911, 912, 1078 Klarner, Czeslaw, 572 Kloskowska, Antonina, 913 Knoll, Paul W., 210 Koburger, Charles W., Jr., 797 Koczy,L.,211 Koehl, Robert L., 212, 798, 799, 800 Kohn, Hans, 976 Kokot, J6zef, 573, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 1079 Kolbenheyer, Erwin Guido, 1145 Komar, Stanislaw, 574 Komarnicki, Tytus, 319, 380, 538, 921 Komjathy, Anthony T., 575 Konczakowski, Edmund F., 1080 Konieczny, Jozef, 922 Konopszyriski, Ladislas, 320 Korbel, Josef, 576 Komilowicz, Maria, 923 Korostovets, Vladimir K., 577

Author Index Korschunow, Irina, 1146 Korusiewicz, Leon, 578 Korzeniowski, Jozef. See Conrad, Joseph, pseud. Koscialski, J.B. See Kosciol-Koscialski, J.B. Koscielski, J., 118 Koscidl-Koscialski, J6zef B., 119 Kosiriski, Jerzy, 1147 Kosiriski, Leszek, 924 Kospoth, B. J., 755 Kostrzewski, J6zef, 213, 925 Kowalczyk, Jan J., 321 Kowalski, Wlodzimierz T., 801 Kozicki, Stanislaw, 322 Kozlowski, E., 1081 Kozniewski, K., 1082 Kramsztyk, Georges, 381 Kraus, Herbert, 926 Krockow, Christian von, 756 Krollman, Christian, 214 Kruszewski, Charles, 579 Kruszewski, Zbigniew A., 927, 1083 Krutein, Eva, 757 Krzemiriski, B., 928 Krzesiriski, Andrzej J., 929 Kucharski, Rajmund, 323 Kudlicki, Stanislaw, 696,697 Kuehl,WarrenF.,50,51 Kulak, Zbigniew, 215 Kulczycki, John J., 216, 217, 218, 219 Kulski, Wladyslaw W., 1084 Kuniczak, Wieslaw S., 1148 Kurnatowski, Jerzy, 580 Kurth, K. O., 930 Kutrzeba,S., 931 Kwiatkowska, L. Turek. See Turek-Kwiatkowska, L. Kwiatkowski, Eugenjusz, 444, 581 Kwilecki, Andrzej, 865, 932 Kydd, Sam, 758

167 LaBizardiere, Michel D. de, 120 Labuda, Gerard, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 1085 Lachs, Manfred, 933 Lamia, Joseph, 324 Lania, L., 582 Laqueur, Walter, 583 Laskowski, Otton, 225 Latawski, Paul, 289 League of Nations, 325,445, 584, 585 Ledbetter, Eleanor E., 72 Ledochowska, Julie, 326 Lemiesz, Wiktor, 586 Lengyel, Emil, 446 Leonhardt, Hans L., 447,448 Lesniewski, Andrzej, 587, 802, 854, 935 936, 937 Lessing, Otto E., 588 Leszczynski, Kazimierz, 793 Levine, Herbert S., 449,450 Lewariski, Richard C , 5, 52, 59 Lewis, Malcolm L., 451 Lewitt, Jan, 589 Library of Congress, 47, 58, 81 Liddell, M. F., 327, 452 Liehm, Antonin J., 82 Liehm, Mira, 82 Lind, James, 121 Lindsey, Theophilus, 122 Linfield, Frederick C , 453 Lipkowski, Jozef, 328 Lipski, J6zef, 590 Litwinski, Leon de, 329 Lloyd, Henry, 123 Lord, Robert H., 308 Lorentz, Friedrich, 454 Lowmiariski, Henryk, 226 Luben, Friedrich A., 455, 456 Lubiariski, F. A., 457 Lubojariski, J6ze£ 591 Luckau, Alma M., 330 Ludden, Robert W., 759

168 Ludwikiewicz, Olcha, 853 Lukaschek, Hans, 588, 592 Lundgreen-Nielsen, Kay, 331 Lutman, Roman, 458 Lutoslawski, Wincenty, 332, 355 Lynch-Robinson, Christopher H., 459 Lysek, Pawel, 1086 Macdonald, Gregory, 460 Machray, Robert, 461,462,463, 464,698, 699 Machrowicz, Thaddeus M., 939 MacMaster, Gilbert, 615 Madeja, J6zef, 940 Magill, Frank N., 83 Mqka, Henryk, 1087 Maksymowicz, S., 941 Malcuzyriski, Karol, 942 Maltz, Albert, 1149 Manteuffel, Tadeusz, 227 Marchlewski, Mieczyslaw, 465 Markiewicz, Wladyslaw, 943, 944 Marriott, J. A., 333 Marrotte, Paul A., 593 Marshall, George C , 945, 946 Marshall, Joseph, 124 Marshall, Joyce, 947 Martel, Ren6,466 Martin, Hans, 467 Marvey, S. M., pseud. See Jedlicki, Marian Z. Marzian, Herbert G., 948 Mason, John B., 468, 469, 470 Mason, Walter Wynne, 803 Matuszewski, Ignacy, 700 Maunsell, Henry, 125 Maurice, J. P., 949 Max-Muller, William Grenfell, 701 Mazur, Zbigniew, 804 McGarry, Daniel D., 73 McKellar, Angus D., 760

Polish-German Borderlands McLaren, Moray, 594 Meclewski, Edmund, 950,1088 Meinhold, Wilhelm, 1150,1151 Melich, Alojzy, 951 Meltesen, Clarence R., 761 Melville, C. F., 471 Merriman, Hemy S., pseud. See Scott, Hugh S. Merritt, Anna J., 53 Mews, S., 68 Micewicz, Teresa M., 1089 Michalek, Boleslaw, 84 Mierzeriski, Stanislaw, 1131 Mikorska, Maria, 702 Milewski, Waclaw, 21 Miller, David H., 382 Miller, John, 788 Miller, William G., 1 Milman, Robert, 1152 Milosz, Czeslaw, 74 Mocha, Frank, 1090,1091 Molik, W., 228 Moltke, Helmut K. B. von, 127 MSnnig, Richard, 472 Monroe, James L., 54 Morawski, Kajetan, 953 Morel, Eugene, 335 Morison, George H., 473 Morris, Adah V., 55 Morrow, Ian F., 229, 474, 596, 597 Mroiek, W., 954 Mueller, Luther A., 336 Muhlberger, Detlef, 598 Muller, W.G. Max. See MaxMuller, W.G. Munsterberg, M., 475 Murdzek, Benjamin P., 230 Mushkat, Marion, 955 Naflcowski, Waclaw, 337 Namier, Lewis B., 338, 599 Nason, Rachel C , 476 National Committee of Americans

Author Index of Polish Descent, 700 National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War, 476 Naudeau, L., 477 Neale, Adam, 128 Neary, Robert P., 762 Neave, Airey, 763 Nellner, Werner, 956 New York Public Library, Slavonic Division, 25 New York Public Library, 24 Newbigin, Marion I., 340 Newman, Bernard, 957, 958, 959 Nieduszuriski, T., 960 Nielsen, K. Lundgreen. See Lundgreen-Nielsen, K. Norman, L.E. van. See Van Norman, L.E. Noroniecki, Henryk, 341 Nowakowski, Stefan, 961, 962, 963 Nowakowski, Tadeusz, 1153 Nugent, Thomas, 129 Nurowski, Koman, 854 OBrien, Peter, 1092 OTtonnell, Joseph P., 764,765, 766 O'Neill, Patrick, 75 Observer, 478 Ocioszyriski, Tadeusz, 964 Oertzen, Friedrich W. von, 600 Olechowski, Gustav, 342 Olszewski, Thomasz, 965 Onslow, Richard W., 231 Orlowicz, Mieczyslaw, 601 Ortmayer, Louis L., 1093 Orzechowski, Marian, 232,602, 805, 806, 1094 Osborne, Arthur, 603 Osborne, Sidney, 383,384 Pacewicz, Piotr, 1095

169 Paderewski, Ignace J., 479,480 Pagel, Karl, 233 Paikert, G. C , 966 Palmer, Alicia T., 131 Palmer, F., 481 Palmer, Robert J., 44 Pape, Richard, 767 Paprocki, S. I., 605 Parthenay, J.B. See Desroches de Parthenay, J.B. Paton, H. J., 385 Paul, David W., 85 Pawlowski, Jerome I., 606 Payne, Ronald, 788 Peal, David, 234 Pearson, Raymond, 56 Pease, Neal H., 482 Peiser, Kurt, 483 People's Council (Breslau), 343 Pepys, Charlotte M., 133 Permanent Court of International Justice, 484, 607, 608 Petzold, Kurt, 343 Phillips, Walter A., 344 Philpot, Oliver, 768 Pickett, Ralph H., 967 Pietrucha, Jerzy, 1096 Pilsudski, Rowmund, 705 Piotrowski, N. L., 345 Pitt, Moses, 135 Piwarski, K., 485 Pless, Mary Theresa, 136 Poddebski, Karol, 968 Poliakoff Vladimir, 488, 489, 490, 610 Polish American Congress, 900 Polish-German Conference, 614, 615 Polish Information Center, 672 Polish Information Committee (London), 297, 301, 323, 326, 33 Polish Information Service, 491, 611

170 Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, 21 Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, 28,635 Polish National Alliance, 72 Polish Research and Information Service, 858, 971,1028 Polish Research Centre, 555,677, 696, 707, 716 Polish Western Association of America, 862 Polonsky, Antony, 807 Pomianowski, Jerzy, 1175 Popiolek, Kazimierz, 237, 808, 809 Popiolek, Oswald S., 810 Poploriski, Jan, 974,1097 Portway, Christopher, 769 Pospieszalski, Karol, 811 Post, Gaines, Jr., 617 Pounds, Norman J., 618, 924 Powell, Robert, 975 Poznariski, Czeslaw, 710 Pragier, Adam, 711 Price, Arnold H., 18,58 Proeller, Dr., 494 Puttkamer, EUinor von, 976 Raack, R. C , 812 Radkiewicz, Waclaw, 977 Radziwill, Luise, 139 Raup, Philip M., 978 Rauschning, Anna S., 495 Rauschning, Hermann, 496 Rechowicz, Henryk, 1098 Recke, Walter, 588 Reece, B. Carroll, 979, 980 Rhode, Gotthold, 813, 824 Rice, S., 388 Richard, John, 140 Riekhoff, H. von. See Von Riekhoff, H. Robinson, C.H. Lynch. See

Polish-German Borderlands Lynch-Robinson, C.H. Rochester, Lawrence Hyde. See Hyde, Lawrence Rolf; David, 814 Rollos, George, 1221 Romer, Eugeniusz, 389 Rose, Alexander, 352 Rose, William J., 239,240, 353, 619,620,621,622,623,624 Rosenthal, Harry, 241, 242,243, 244, 245, 390, 981, 1099 Rosset, Edward, 982 Roszkowska, Wanda, 983 Rothfels, Hans, 984 Royal Institute of International Affairs, 597, 633, 634 Russell, John, 141 Russell, Mary A., 1154 Rutkiewicz, Ignacy, 965,1097 Rybczynski, Mieczyslaw, 497 Rzymowski, Wincenty, 391 Sabbat-Swidlicka, Anna, 1100 Sadler, Charles G., 815 Sage, Jerry, 770 Sajer, Guy, 771 Sanford, Adriana. See Gozdecka-Sanford, Adriana Sanford, George, 59 Santoro, Cesare, 625 Sawicki, Jerzy, 786, 955 Saysse-Tobiczyk, Kazimierz, 985, 986 Schadewaldt, Hans, 713,714 Schechtmann, Joseph B., 817, 987 Schieder, Theodor, 988 Schierbrand, W. von. See Von Schierbrand, W. Schimitzek, Stanislaw, 989 Schmidt, Axel B., 498, 626 Schmitt, Bernadotte E., 627 Schmitz, Hans J., 628 Schofer, Lawrence, 246,247,248

Author Index Scholz, Albert A., 990 SchSnberg, Hans W., 991, 992 Schopenhauer, Johanna H., 142 Schrader, H. H., 354 Schreiber, Hermann, 818 Schreiber, William I., 993 Schwarzer, H. Rudy, 1101 Scott, HughS, 1155 Segal, Simon, 715 Seyda, Maryan, 716 Sharif, Regina S., 1102 Sharp, Samuel L., 994 Shelton, Regina M., 772 Shinn, Roger L., 773 Shnayderman, S. L., 995 Shneiderman, S.L. See Shnayderman, S.L. Siebel-Achenbach, Sebastian, 1103 Sienkiewicz, Henryk, 143, 326, 1156,1185 Sieveking, L. M., 597 Simmons, Kenneth W., 774 Simons, F. H., 500 Simor, George, 27 Sindermann, Horst, 1104 Singer, S.W., 114 Skubiszewski, Krzysztof, 996, 1105, 1106 Skurnowicz, Joan S., 249 £laski, Kazimierz, 250 Slater, Thomas J., 86 Slavenas, Julius P., 251 Slawski, Stanislaw, 422, 501 Smith, Harold F., 60 Smith, Harry T., 1157 Smith, Sydney, 775 Smogorzewski, Kazimierz M., 502, 503, 997 Smoleriski, Jerzy, 504 Sobariski, Oskar, 87 Sobariski, Waclaw, 573, 809, 998, 999 Sobczak, Janusz, 548,1000,1001,

171 1002 Socha-Borzestowski, B., 252 Spath, Manfred, 61 Spenser, Edmund, 144 Spivey, Delmar T., 776 Staar, Richard F., 1004 Staehler, H., 630 Stanislaw I (Leszczyriski), 145 State University of New York at Buffalo University Libraries, 29 Stehle, Hansjakob, 1005 Stein, Barry N., 1006 Stein, Stanley M., 631 Stenzl, Otto, 1007 Stephan, Werner P., 253 Stephens, David, 505 Stewart, J. F., 717 Stille, Christoph Ludwig von, 146 Stockwell, Rebecca, 575 Stone, Julius, 632 Stone, Shephard, 506 Strasburger, Henryk, 480, 507 Straszewicz, Ludwik, 1008 Strzelczyk, J., 254 Suchcitz, Andrzej, 21 Sulimirski, Tadeusz, 718 Super, Donald E., 508 Surdykowski, Jerzy, 1107 Swidlicka, A. Sabbat. See Sabbat-Swidlicka, A. Symmons-Symonolewicz, Konstantin, 255 Symonolewicz, K.S. See Symmons-Symonolewicz, K. Symonolewicz, Konstanty, 635 Syski, Alexander, 356 Szarota, Tomasz, 819 Szaz,ZoltanM., 1009 Szczepariski, Aleksander, 636 Szczepkowski, J. J., 637 Szermer, Bohdan, 1108 Szeruda, J., 638 Szewczyk, W., 1109

172 Szlapczyriski, Jozef, 1010 Tadema, L. Alma. See Alma-Tadema, Laurence Tanski, Jan, 1110,1111,1112 Targ, Alojzy, 820 Taylor, Desmond, 71,76 Telesinus, 509 Tende, Gaspard de, 147 Terry, Sarah M., 821,822 Teuber, Alfons, 1011 Thomas, William I., 256 Thorwald, Jiirgen, 1012 Thrower, Derek, 777 Tielke, Johann Gottlieb, 148 Tighe,Carl, 1113,1114 Tims, Richard W., 257, 258 Tobiczyk, K. Saysse. See Saysse-Tobiczyk, K. Tomas, Adam, 510 Tomicki, A., 1013, 1014,1015 Tomlinson, A. K., 1016, 1017 Tooley, T. Hunt, 393 Topolinska, Zuzarma, 1115 Topolski, Jerzy, 259, 260, 261 Townsend, Mary E., 639 Toynbee, A. J., 357 Treitschke, Heinrich G. von, 149 Tresp,LotharL., 1019 Truscoe, A., 1020 Trzeciakowski, Lech, 262, 263, 264 Turaj, Frank, 84 Turczynowicz, Laura de Gozdawa, 358 Turek-Kwiatkowska, L., 265 Tute, Warren, 778 Tymieniecki, Kazimierz, 511 Union of Democratic Control, 335 United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 855

Polish-German Borderlands United States Dept. of State, 351 United States Office of Military Government for Germany, 1218 Unruh, Fritz von, 1158 Urban, LaszloK., 640 Urban, William L., 266 Uszyriska, Zofia, 1021 Van Cleef, E., 512 Van Hamel, J. A. See Hamel, J. A. van Van Norman, Louis E., 150 Vincent, Adrian, 779 Viomenil, Antoine Charles du Houx, 151 Vleugels, Wilhelm, 588 Voight, F. A., 1022,1023 Vollmer, C , 513 Volz, Wilhelm, 395, 641, 1222 Von Braun, J. See Braun, Joachim von Von Brevern, Maxim C , 514 Von Dassanowsky-Harris, R. See Dassanowsky-Harris, R.v. Von Gerlach, H., 642 Von Krockow, C. See Krockow, C. von Von Moltke, H. See Moltke, Helmut von Von Oertzen, F. W. See Oertzen, F.W. von Von Riekhoff, Harald, 643,644, 1053 Von Schierbrand, W., 152 Von Stille, C. See Stille, Christoph von Von Treitschke, H. See Treitschke, Heinrich von Von Unruh, F. See Unruh, Fritz von Von Wilpert, F. See Wilpert, Friedrich von Vucinich, Wayne S., 823

173

Author Index Wagner, Wenceslas J., 1024 Wagner, Wolfgang, 813, 824 Wajda, Stanislaw, 645 Walczak, A. W., 1025 Walichnowski, T., 1010 Wallace, Ian, 62 Wallbank, T. Walter, 1223 Wambaugh, Sarah, 396,646 Wandycz, Piotr S., 267,647 Warner, F., 648 W^sicki, Jan, 649 Wasilewski, Leon, 268 Wasowicz, J6zef, 650 Wassermann, Charles, 1026 Watt, Donald C , 1027 Weinberg, Gerhard L., 651 Weinstein, Jozef, 652 Weiss, Maurice, 359 Wendt, Heinrich, 360 Wenkstern, Otto, 153 Werth, Alexander, 1028 Wertheimer, Mildred S., 515, 516, 653 Western Press Agency. See Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa Westheimer, David, 780 White, Sarah H., 73 Widajewicz, J6zef, 269 Wielewiriski, Bernard, 63 Wierblowski, M.S., 969 Wierzbiariski, Boleslaw, 1116 Wierzbicki, A., 397 Wierzbieki, A., 355 Wierzyriski, Kazimierz, 719 Wiewidra, Boleslaw, 1029,1030, 1031 Wilder, Jan A., 517, 955,1032 Wildermann, Rudolf, 1033 Williams, Eric E., 781, 782 Wilpert, Friedrich von, 1034 Winiewicz, J6zef M., 720, 721 Winter, Nevin O., 154,654 Wirth, F., 655

Wirth, Giinther, 1035 Wiseley, William C , 825 Wiskemann, Elizabeth, 656,657, 1036 Witkowski, Peter A., 361 Wojciechowski, Joseph, 722 Wojciechowski, Marian, 518,1117 Wojciechowski, Zygmunt, 270, 271, 826 Wojcik, Andrzej J., 827 Wojtun, Bronislaw S., 272 Wolf, Christa, 1159 Wolfe, Henry C , 519 Wolff; H. W., 155 Wolkowinska, M. C , 658 Wolski,Kalixt,156 Woolsey, L. H., 723 Woolsey, T. S., 362 Woroniecki, Henryk, 363 Woytak, Richard A., 659 Wraxall, Nathaniel W., 157,158 Wright, Q., 660 Wrzesiriski, Wojciech, 548,661, 828,1060 Wynot, Edward D., Jr., 662,663 Young, Anne P., 273 Younger, Calton, 783 Zaborowski, Jan, 860,1037 Zachodnia Agencja Prasowa, 573, 586, 587, 591, 650, 802, 809, 820, 836, 843, 852, 853, 860, 872, 874, 901, 907, 916, 923, 935, 936, 937, 972, 989, 998, 999, 1003, 1018 Zaj^czkowski, Stanislaw, 274 Zaleski, Auguste, 680 Zaremby, J6zefe, 1216 Zayas, A.M. de. See De Zayas, A.M. Ziegler, Janet, 64 Zieliriski, Henryk, 398, 1038,

174 1039, 1040 Zi61ek, Bogumil, 1041 Ziolkowski, Janusz, 1042, 1043, 1044

Polish-German Borderlands Znamierowski, Czeslaw, 1045 Znaniecki, Florian, 275, 520 Zweig, Ferdynand, 521

TITLE INDEX

Dissertation titles are in quotation marks; journal article titles are omitted. Numbers are citation numbers. Abrahams Gold, 1160 Accomplished Senator, 111 Account of Poland, 147 Account of Some of the Most Remarkable Events, 148 Acta Poloniae Historica (Journal), 188, 398, 542, 905, 1040, 1060 Aftermath, a Geographical Study, 340 Agriculture and Forestry in East Oderland, 829 Agriculture, Stock-Farming, Forestry in Silesia, 830 Aims and Failures of the German New Order, 720 All About Danzig, 457 All Friends Here, 1194, 1207 "American and Allied Policies at the... Conference," 276 American Bibliography of Slavic and East European Studies, 6 American Doctoral Dissertations, 39 American Journal ofInternational Law, 362, 368,660, 723, 839, 876, 1047, 1058, 1067, 1106

American Journal of Sociology, 256 American Perspective (Journal), 994 American Travellers Abroad, 60 Ancient and Present State of Poland, 89 Ancient Prussians, 116 Angry Harvest, 1131, 1164 Anna, Proletarian, 1161 Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 428 Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 561 Antemurale (Journal), 407 Are the Eastern Provinces of Germany Indisputably Polish, 278 At the Peace Frontier, 942 Atlas of the New Territories of Poland, 1216 "Attitudes of Certain Western Public Communication Media," 827 Audiovisual Materials, 1979-1982,

176 81 Aufenthalt, 1162 Authentic Memoirs ofJohn Sobieski, King of Poland, 131 Authentic Narrative of Facts, 90 Background ofPolish-German Relations, 508 Baltic and Scandinavian Countries (Journal), 524, 574,636 Baltic Countries (Journal), 524 Baltic Policy of Poland, 444 Baltic Tales, 1135 Baltic, Britain, and Peace, 705 Barbed Boredom, 753 Barbed Wire Interlude, 759 Barlasch of the Guard, 1155 Barwy Ochronne, 1163 Battle of Grunwald, 225 Beads of the Same Rosary, 1196 Beginnings of the Polish State, 198 Behind the Iron Curtain, 968 Between Fear and Hope, 995 Bibliography of American Publications on East Central Europe, 9 Bibliography of Articles on East-European and Russian History, 61 Bibliography of German Studies, 1945-1971, 45 Big Powers and the German Question, 1941-1990, 40 Bilingualism in Upper Silesia, 1089 "Bismarck's Policy Towards the Poles, 1870-1890," 273 Bitter Harvest, 1164 Bittere Ernte, 1164 Black Wings, 1168 Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, 109 Blackwood's Magazine, 949 Blechtrommel, 1165

Polish-German Borderlands Blisko, CorazBliiej, 1166 Boldness Be My Friend, 767 Bonds of Wire: A Memoir, 111 Books on Poland, 30 "Boundaries of Eastern Europe," 1006 Boundaries of Poland, 668 "Breakdown of German-Polish Relations in 1939," 566 Brief Outline of Polish History, 320 "British Policy Respecting Danzig and Upper Silesia," 552 British War Blue Book, 669 British Yearbook of International Law, 451 Brits Index, 31 Bulletin of International News, 486 Bulletin of the Polish Institute ...in America, 665 Bulwark of Democracy, 610 Call of the Toad, 1136 Cambridge Historical Journal, 180 Cambridge History of Poland, 202, 239,931 Camouflage, 1163 Camp of All Saints, 1153 Canadian Journal of History, 207 Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism, 364 Canadian-American Slavic Studies, 243 Cardinal Bertram and the Polishness of Opole Silesia, 820 Case Concerning the Administration of the Prince of Pless, 607 Case Concerning the Polish Agrarian Reform, 608 Case of 58,000 Volksdeutsche, 811 Cassubian Civilization, 454 Cat and Mouse, 1137 Catalog of the Polish Room

Title Index Collection, 29 Catholic Church on the Odra and Nysa,l031 Catholic World (Journal), 126 Cauldron Boils, 446 Central European History, 193, 234, 393 Challenge of German Literature, 67 Chambers Journal, 461 Chautauquan (Journal), 138 Chronicle of the Slavs, 113 Clipped Wings, 735 Close By, Getting Nearer, 1166 6na, 1167 Collection of Documents, 409 Colonization of the Grenzmark, 628 Columbia Journal ofInternational Affairs, 947 Companion to Twentieth Century German Literature, 70 Comprehensive Dissertation Index, 1861-1972, 33 Conflict, Compromise, and Conciliation, 1093 Confluence (Journal), 1033 Conservative Revolution, 496 Contemporary German Fiction Writers, 68 Contemporary Review (Journal), 100,110,118,327,405,415, 416, 452, 474, 558, 561, 655, 997 "Cooperation and Conflict in Normalization," 1076 Copernicus'Pomeranian Tour, 161 Cornhill Magazine, 543 Correspondence of Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, 114 C.R.I.S.: The Combined Retrospective Index, 35 Crowd Is Not Company, 754 Crudest Night, 788

177 Cumulated Fiction Index, 66 Cumulated Magazine Subject Index, 36 Current History, 411, 436, 453, 639, 688, 823 Current History Magazine, New York Times, 345, 348 Czarne Skrzydla, 1168 Czlowiek z Zelaza, 1169 Dabrdwka Wielka, 586 Daimler-Benz Limousine, 1187 Dalhousie Review, 509, 522 Dantzig, 294 Dantzig and Poland, 279 Danzig, Ml Danzig and the Corridor, 423 Danzig and the Polish Corridor, 499 Danzig and the Polish Problem, 430 Danzig Dilemma, 468 Danzig Free State, 455 Danzig: What Is It All About, 420 Danzig's Shipping and Foreign Trade, 483 Danzig's Yesterday and To-Morrow, 473 Daughters of Hecuba, 1127 Debit and Credit, 1133 Decisions of the High Commissioner, 445 "Demographic Transition in West Poland...," 272 Deserter, 1170 Despite Captivity, 725 Destruction of Poland, 357 Dezerter, 1170 "Diary of the Particular Occurrences," 114 Dictionary Catalog of the Research Libraries, 24 Dictionary Catalog of the Slavonic Collection, 25

178 Dictionary of Literary Biography, 68 Dieppe and Beyond, 745 Diplomat in Berlin, 1933-1939, 590 Dismemberment of Upper Silesia, 630 Displaced Persons Operations, 855 Dissertation Abstracts International, 33, 39 Dissertations in History, 50, 51 Do Widzenia, Do Jutra, 1171 Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities, 39 Doctoral Dissertations... Regarding Polish Subjects, 63 Documents and Reports, 858 Documents Concerning German-Polish Relations, 669 Documents of Humanity During the Mass Expulsions, 930 Documents on International Affairs, 634 Documents on the Events Preceding the Outbreak of the War, 670 Documents on the Origin of the War, 671 Documents Relating to... Occupied Countries, 672 Dog Years, 1138 Drama of Upper Silesia, 619 Dublin University Magazine, 125 Eagles Black and White, 488 Earth and Fire, 1119 East and West Prussia, 305 East Central and Southeast Europe, 4 East Central Europe, 18 East Central Europe (Journal), 821 East Central European Studies, 1 East Europe (Journal), 842,1053

Polish-German Borderlands East European Quarterly, 170, 182,242,537,549,551,640, 1062, 1066 East Germany, 61 East Prussia and Danzig, 690 Eastern Europe and Russia/Soviet Union, 5 Eastern European National Minorities, 46 Eastern Frontiers of Germany, 466 Eastern Germany Colonial Reservation, 641 Eastern Germany: A Handbook, 867 Eastern Part of Germany, 868, 877 Eastern Quarterly, 887 Economic Aspects of the Polish Corridor, All Economic Development of Poland's... Territories, 950 Economic Value of Upper Silesia, 381 Economic-Demographic Interrelations, 195, 196 Economic-Geographical Foundations, 395 Economical Conditions of Upper Silesia, 389 Edinburgh Review, 333 Elizabeth and Her German Garden, 1154 Emancipation of the Polish Peasantry, 209 Embattled Witness, 146 End Is Not Yet, 1158 English Atlas, 135 English Review, 412, 433, 471, 487, 560 Erste Polka, 1172 Escape, 1173 Escape from Germany, 785 Escape Route Green, 778 Europe's Forgotten Territories, 1026

Title Index European History Quarterly, 598 European Population Transfers, 817 European Significance of the Oder-Neisse Territories, 870 Eva's War: A True Story of Survival, 757 Evolution of Blitzkrieg Tactics, 539 Expellee Press Service, 871 "Expendable Frontier: United States Policy," 815 "Experts and Poland's Frontiers," 315 "Expulsion of German Minorities from Eastern Europe," 844 Expulsion of the German Population, 988 Extermination of the Polish People, 611 Fall Gleiwitz, 111A Falsification Beware!, 872 Farewell, Till Tomorrow, 1171 Fate of the German Protestant Parishes in Posen, 692 Fate of the Prussian Mennonites, 993 Federal Republic of Germany, 58 Fiction Catalog, 69 Firme Alliance & Agreement, 105 First Day of Freedom, 1199 First Partition of Poland, 208 First Polka, 1120, 1172 Flaming Border, 710 Flight from Youth, 747 Flight in the Winter, 1012 Flight of Cranes, 1125 Fool in Christ, Emanuel Quint, 1140 For You the War Is Over (Foy), 792 For You the War Is Over (Kydd), 758

179 Forced March to Freedom, 730 Foreign Affairs Bibliography, 43 Foreign Affairs 50-Year Index, 44 Foreign Affairs (Journal), 43, 406, 479, 513 Foreign Policy Information Service, 424 Foreign Policy Reports, 506, 516, 653 Foreign Relations of the United States, 11 Foreigners on Poland, 873 Forgotten Battlefield, 719 Forgotten Soldier, 111 Formation of a Modern Labor Force, 247 Formation of the Polish State, 111 Fortnightly Review, 97, 367, 388, 404, 431, 462, 463, 464, 489, 656, 657, 975 Forty Five Years of My Life, 139 Forum (Journal), 152, 897 Free as a Running Fox, 731 Free City: Danzig and German Foreign Policy, 442 "Free City of Danzig," (Crary), 410 Free City of Danzig (Jiirgensen), 439 Free City of Danzig (League of Nations), 325 Free Europe Pamphlet, 615, 705 Friesens and Cousins: A Baltic Past, 159 From Unification to Nazism, 182 From Versailles to Locarno, 538 Frontiers of Language and Nationality in Europe, 296 Fruits of Work and Struggle, 874 "Function of the Oder River," 1051 Gdansk and East Prussia, 332 Gdansk: Danzig, 441 Gdansk: Gateway of Poland, 875 Gdansk: National Identity, 1113

180 Gdansk, 1945-1965, 837 Gdansk, Past and Present, 1108 GDR and Poland, 1104 Gdynia, from Fishing Village, 435 Gdynia, Poland's Gateway to the Sea, 402 General Catalog of Printed Books, 1 Genesis of the Oder-Neisse Line (Rhode), 813 Genesis of the Oder-Neisse Line (Wagner), 824 Geneva Special Studies, 515 Gentleman from Tennessee is Wrong, 1024 Geographic Essays on Eastern Europe, 924 GeographicalJournal, 130,288, 312 Geographical Review, 512, 563 Georgia Review, 1019 German and Pole, 1099 German Atrocities in Poland, 675 German Crimes in Poland, 616 German Delegation at the Paris Peace Conference, 330 German Designs on Pomerania, 507 German Destruction of Cultural Life in Poland, 672 German East, 233 German Eastern Territories, 840 German Eastern Territories Beyond Oder and Neisse, 868, 872, 877 German Economic Policy in Poland, 301 German Element in the Upper Silesian Districts, 1111 German Exodus, 966 German Expellees, 1063 German Exploitation of Polish Forests, 672 German Failures in Poland, 677

Polish-German Borderlands German Fiction Writers, 68 German Foreign Policy, 1035 "German Foreign Policy and Military Planning," 617 German Frontier Problem, 948 German History, 916 German Invasion of Poland, 678 German Iron and Steel Policies, 672 "German Lebensraum Policy in Eastern Europe," 795 German Literature in Translation, 75 German Martyrdom in Upper Silesia, 370 German Minorities and the Third Reich, 575 German Minorities in Poland and Italy, 1068 German Minority in Poland, 690 German Nationalisms, 32 German New Order in Poland, 679 German Occupation ofPoland, 680 German Octopus, 519 German Organization of Distribution, 672 German Organization of the Courts, 672 German Persecution of Religious Life, 672 German Polish Dialogue, 878 German-Polish Frontier, 862 "German-Polish Frontier of 1919 and Self-Determination," 284 "German-Polish Relations from Munich Conference," 631 "German-Polish Relations in the Caprivi Era," 241 German-Polish Relations, 1918-1933, 643 German Question, 899 German Revisionism on the Move, 854

Title Index "German Settlement of the Incorporated Territories," 825 German Testimonies, 573, 591, 641, 650, 809, 820 German West-Prussia, 440 German White Book, 681 German White Paper, 682 German Withdrawal in the East, 555 Germanizing Prussian Poland, 257, 258 Germans and Poles in Upper Silesia, 352 Germans from the East, 991, 992 Germans in Poland, 616 Germans in Polish Upper Silesia, 592 Germans, Poles and Jews, 190 Germany and Eastern Europe Since 1945, 1069 Germany and Poland: From War to Peaceful Relations, 1084 Germany and Poland in Their Historical Relations, 530 Germany and Poland Through the Ages, 203 Germany and the Oder-Neisse Line, 967 "Germany and the Upper Silesian Question," 373 "Germany at the League of Nations Council," 593 Germany turns Eastwards, 534 Germany under the Treaty, 414 Germany's Eastern Boundaries, 1218 Germany's Eastern Frontier, 1009 Germany's Eastern Neighbors, 1036 Germany's Eastern Territories, 833 Gillyflower Kid, 1126 Gleiwitz Case, 1174 Godziny Nadziei, 1175

181 Good Neighbours, 1070 Goths in Ancient Poland, 176 Grass Is Greener Everywhere Else, 1211 Great Escape, 116, 1176 Great Powers and the Polish Question, 807 Green Bird, 1179 Greta, 1177 Grezeszny 2ywot Franciska Bufy, 1178 Grotius Society Transactions, 569 Grune Vogel, 1179 Guide to the Archives of the Polish Institute (London), 21 Guide to the Archives of the Polish Institute (New York), 27 Guide to Torun, 1065 Guide to Wroclaw, 983 Gwiasdy Muszq Pfonqc, 1180 Handbook of Soviet and East European Films, 86 Harper's (Journal), 481 Hearts of Steel, 1209 Heathens of Kummerow and Their Pranks, 1181 Heiden von Kummerow und Irhe Lustigen Streiche, 1181 %% Heimatrecht" Instrument of Revisionism, 836 Heldfor Questioning, 1162 Historical Abstracts, 1775-1945, 13 Historical Account of the Divisions in Poland, 120 Historical Phonology of the Kashubian Dialects, 1115 Historical Reflections (Journal), 282 History of Foreign Labor in Germany, 199 History of Friedrich II of Prussia, 91

182 History of Gdansk, 1057 History of Poland, 96 History of Poland Under August II, 99 History of Polish Literature, 74 History of Polish Pomerania, 511 History of Stanislaus I, 145 History of the German People, 116 History of the Late War in Germany, 123 History of the Prussian Junkers, 111 History of the Revolutions of Poland, 98 History of the Troubles of Suethland and Poland, 107 Hitler Invades Poland, 1182 Hitler's Free City, 449 Hour of the Women, 156 Hours of Hope, 1175 How Prussia Governed Poland, 313 How to See Danzig, 437 Humanities Index, 19 I Lived Under Hitler, 114 I'll Stand on Guard of My Own, 1190 Imperialism and the Fate of Poland, 111 Importance of Germans and Slavs, 318 Important Sights of Danzig, 456 In Defense of Poland's Western Boundary, 900 In Eastern Pomerania, 985 In the Presence ofMine Enemies, 738 In Western Pomerania, 986 Independent (Journal), 438 Independent Satellite, 1005 Indissolubility of the Economic Bonds, 379 "Industrialization and Changing

Polish-German Borderlands Society," 927 Information Notes, 690 International Affairs, 429, 535, 620 International Conciliation, 430 International Experiment of Upper Silesia, 570 International Index, 19, 28 International Migration Review, 1092 International Relations (Journal), 973 Irredentism and Provocation, 587 Irredentist and Nationalist Questions, 355 Is Upper Silesia German or Polish?, 343 Journal of a Tour in Germany, 115 Journal of Central European Affairs, 163, 531, 554, 579, 697, 704, 798, 946, 974 Journal of Contemporary History, 390, 528, 812 Journal of Economic History, 197 Journal of European Studies, 1114 Journal of Geography, 434, 544 Journal of International Affairs, 385, 546 Journal of Modern History, 164, 192, 212, 365 Journal of Public Law, 1004 Journal of Social History, 191,248 Journey on a Plank from Kiev to Eaux-Bonnes, 133 Journey to Dana, 769 Journey to Germany, 92 Journey with Strangers, 1142 Keesing's Research Report, 1069 Kiedy Mi loseBy la ZbrodniaRassenschande, 1183 King of Prussia's Campaigns, 146 Knights of the Cross, 1156

Title Index Krajobraz Po Bitwie, 1184 Kriegie, 11A Kriegsgefangener 3074, 743 Krzyiacy, 1185 Kulturkampfin Prussian Poland, 263 Land der Vdter, Land der Sdhne, 1186 Land Economics (Journal), 978 Land oj the Dead, 934 Land of the Fathers, Land of the Sons, 1186 Landownership and Population in Pomerania, 603 Lands of Partitioned Poland, 267 Landscape After Battle, 1184 Language in Silesia, 650 Last Attempt to Germanize Opole Silesia, 809 Last Campaign, 1157 Last Train West, 744 League of Nations and National Minorities, 523 Legal Effects of the Second World War, 909 Legal Status of the Free City of Danzig, 470 Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook, 160 Letters Concerning the Present State of Poland, 111 Letters on Silesia, 88 Library Catalogs of the Hoover Institution, 14 Library of Congress Catalog, Books: Subjects, 20 Library of Congress Films, 1948-1952, 81 Library of Congress Pictures and Film Strips, 81 Liebe in Deutschland, 1188 Life of Frederic the Second, 101 Limuzyna Daimler-Benz, 1187 Living Age, 134, 307, 477, 642

183 Logic of the Oder-Neisse Frontier, 916 Lonely Path to Freedom, 111 Lonesome Road, 748 Long Road Home, 779 Longest War in Modern Europe, 1192 Love in Germany, 1188 Lower Silesia and the City of Wroclaw, 938 Lower Silesia from Nazi Germany, 1103 Luftgangsters, 165 Magill's Survey of Cinema, 83 Making of Central and Eastern Europe, 181 Man of Iron, 1169 Martyrdom and Heroism of the Women of East Germany, 693 Martyrdom of Silesian Priests, 694 Mary Schweidler, the Amber Witch, 1150 Maybe I'm Dead, 1144 Memoirs of the Courts ofBerlin, 157 Memoirs of the House of Brandenburg, 108 Memorandum of Polish Social Societies, 595 Men without the Rights of Man, 952 Mieszko I and the Rise of the Polish State, 110 Milose w Niemczech, 1188 Minorities and Boundaries, 588 Minority Affairs and Poland, 605 Mission Escape, 775 Mitslav; or The Conversion of Pomerania, 1152 Model Childhood, 1159 Modern Age, 1090, 1091 Modern Cinema of Poland, 84 Modern German Literature, 65

184 Modern World (Journal), 859 Monstrous Peace Conditions of Versailles, 334 Moonless Night, 752 Morituri, 1189 Most Important Art, 82 Moth, 1167 Murder of a Nation, 683 Museum ofMartyrology of Prisoners of War, 810 My Return to Cracow, 291 My Road to Freedom, 1101 Myth of the "Nation Without Space," 513 Na Straiy Swej StacBpl$, 1190 Nacht Fiel iiber Gotenhafen, 1191 Najdiuzsta Wojna Nowoczesnej Europy, 1192 Nation (Journal), 582 National Conditions in the... Territories, 339 National Consciousness in Poland, 255 National Geographic, 419 National Review, 119, 371, 386, 432 National Union Catalog, 20 National Union Catalog: A Cumulative Author List, 23 National Union Catalog: Films, 1973-1978, 81 National Union Catalog: Pre-1956 Imprints, 11 "Nationalism and Education," 253 Nationalism and Populism in Partitioned Poland, 170 Nationalities in Pomerania, 268 Nationalities Papers, 219, 1075 Natural Border of the North East Districts, 1217 Nazi Conquest of Danzig, 447, 448 Nazi Kultur in Poland, 703 Nazi New Order in Poland, 673

Polish-German Borderlands Nazi Pressure in Danzig, 515 Nazi Rule in Poland, 715 Nazi Rule in Poland, 1939-1945, 786 Nazi Strike, 1193 "Nazis in Danzig, 1925-1939," 450 Necessary Peace, 1157 Nemesis at Potsdam, 1064 New Europe (Journal), 378 New Order in Poland, 715 New Poland (Brant), 838 New Poland (Newman), 957 New Poland, the Polish Corridor, 514 New Poland: The Story of the Resurrection, 654 New Polish-German Border: Safeguard of Peace, 832 New Review of East-European History, 375 New System of Geography, 1219, 1220, 1221 NieMaMocnych, 1194, 1207 Night Fell on Gotenhafen, 1191 Night in Distant Motion, 1146 Nightingales from Poznan, 1201 Nikt Nie Wola, 1195 Nineteenth Century and After, 322, 338, 366, 399, 413, 418, 505, 1022, 1023 Nineteenth-Century German Writers, 68 Nineteenth Century Readers' Guide, 55 1939-1950 Population Movements, 802 No Flight from the Cage, 783 No Hero for the Kaiser, 1132 No Retreat, 495 Nobody Is Calling, 1195 "Non-Economy: The Case of Poland," 1048 Nonsens [sic] of the Corridor, 421 North American Review, 95, 372

Title Index Northern Summer, 93 "Nothing Endures Like the Provisional," 1046 Novels of World War I, 71 Novels of World War II, 76 Oberldnder, 860 Oder-Neisse Boundary and Poland's Modernization, 1083 Oder-Neisse Line, 904 Oder-Neisse Line: A Reappraisal, 1054 Oder-Neisse Problem: Towards Fair Play, 1034 Oder River: Transport and Economic Development, 1052 Odra, 1097 "Official German Attitudes and Policies," 443 On German Provinces East of Oder-Neisse Line, 979 On Some Fair Morning, 1143 "On the Border of War and Peace," 659 On the German Problem, 882 One Legal Aspect of the Polish Regained Territories, 955 Open City, 1215 Open Court (Journal), 286, 287 Opinion on the Question of Upper Silesia, 382 Opole, Silesia, 1008 Origins of Prussia, 173 Origins of Prussianism, 149 Orphans of Versailles, 529 Ostforschung, 1010 "Ostpolitik and German Public Opinion," 1102 "Ostpolitik and West German Public Opinion," 1077 Ostpolitik of the Federal Republic, 1071 Our Forefathers, 1134 Our World (Journal), 646

185 Out of the Ruins of Europe, 583 Outlook (Journal), 143 P.O. W., 736 P.O. W., the Story of an American Prisoner, 740 Paciorki Jednego Roianca, 1196 Painted Bird, 1147 Pan-Germanic Web, 686 Pandora's Treaties: Minority Settlements, 619 Pangs of the Thorn, 166 Particular Description of the City ofDantzick, 132 Partitions of Poland, 183 Password Is Courage, 733, 1197 Paths in the Night, 1212 Pattern for Peace, 888 Peace Handbooks, 305 Peace Research Reviews, 961 Peace Settlement in the German Polish Borderlands, 597 Peace through Law, 980 Pearl in the Crown, 1198 Perlaw Koronie, 1198 Persecution of the Catholic Church, 689 Petition of the Deutsche Volksbund, 609 Pictorial Report on Polish Atrocities, 714 Pierwszy Dzien Wolnosci, 1199 Playground of Satan, 1118 Plebiscites Since the World War, 396 Poland (Even), 1% Poland (Dyboski), 545 Poland (Journal), 465, 613, 658 Poland (Lewariski), 52 Poland (Phillips), 344 Poland (Sanford), 59 Poland: A Historical Sketch, 111 Poland After One Year of War, 706 Poland America (Journal), 403,

186 604,637 Poland: An Annotated Bibliography of Books in English, 48 Poland and Danzig, 707 Poland and Germany (Journal), 211,252,380,841,845,450, 880, 883, 884, 885, 886, 894, 895, 906, 915, 917, 918, 919, 921, 928, 939, 941, 953, 960, 1013,1014, 1015,1016,1017, 1020, 1042, 1061, 1081 Poland and Germany: A Reply, 879 Poland and Germany and the Post War Reconstruction, 716 Poland and Germany, Past and Future, 718 Poland and Her National Minorities, 567 Poland and Her People, 606 Poland and Mittel-Europa, 280 Poland and Prussia, 342 Poland and the Baltic, 666 Poland and the German Problem, 969 Poland and the German Question, 843 Poland and the Poles, 283 Poland and the Polish Nation, 297 Poland and the Polish Question, 311 Poland and the Western Powers, 1938-39, 536 Poland as a Geographical Entity, 337 Poland at the XI Congress of Historical Sciences, 485 Poland Between East and West, 576 Poland Between Two Wars, 521 Poland East of the Oder-Neisse, 925 Poland: General Sketch of History, 1569-1772,305

Polish-German Borderlands Poland, Germany, a Lasting Peace?, 929 Poland, Germany and the Corridor, 502 Poland, Germany and the European Peace, 970 Poland: Her Glory, Her Sufferings, Her Overthrow, 156 Poland: Key to Europe, 533 Poland of To-Day and Yesterday, 154 Poland of Today, 971 Poland on the Baltic, 964 Poland, Past and Present, 37 Poland, Prussia, and Culture, 104 Poland Ravaged and Bereaved!, 316 Poland: Recovered Territories, 972 Poland, Russia and the War, 111 Poland Struggles Forward, 849 Poland, the Knight Among Nations, 150 Poland Today (Journal), 971, 1028 Poland Today as Seen by Foreign Observers, 866 Poland, Travel Guide, 1021 Poland under Nazi Occupation, 793 Poland Under the Germans, 346, 347 Poland, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, 684 Poland's Access to the Sea (MaxMuller), 701 Poland's Access to the Sea (Slawski), 422, 501 Poland's Access to the Sea (Smogorzewski), 503 Poland's Baltic Coast, 1107 Poland's Case for Independence, 349 Poland's Destiny, 400 Poland's Forces at Work, 526

Title Index Poland's Freedom of the Sea, 661 Poland's Martyrdom, 708 Poland's Place in Europe (Terry), 822 Poland's Place in Europe (Wojciechowski), 826 Poland's Policy of Expansion as Revealed, 421 Poland's Sovereignty, 869 Poland's Struggle for Independence, 323 Poland's Western and Northern Territories (Hamilton), 1074 Poland's Western and Northern Territories (Lysek), 1086 Poland's Western Territories, 892 Poland's Westward Trend, 559 "Polen Greift an: Germany's Eastern Defenses," 540 Polenweiher, 1200 "Poles, Germans, and Jews," 194 Poles in Germany and the Germans in Poland, 580 Policy of Misinformation in Publications, 920 Polish Acts of Atrocity, 713, 714 Polish and German Minorities, 611 Polish Arguments, 1088 Polish Black Book, 678, 679 Polish Books in English, 1945-71, 47 Polish Captivity, 102 Polish Character of Upper Silesia, 369 Polish Cinema, 78 Polish Corridor, 478 Polish Corridor and Peace, 510 Polish Corridor and the Consequences, 417 Polish Corridor, East Prussia and the Peace, 494 Polish Corridor: The Facts, 490 Polish Diplomacy 1914-45, 647

187 Polish Economist (Journal), 426, 581 Polish Encyclopedia, 235 Polish Experiences During the Insurrection, 111 Polish Feature Films, 87 Polish-German Antagonism in History, 185 "Polish German Diplomatic Relations," 578 Polish-German Frontier (Winiewicz), 721 Polish-German Frontier after World War II, 1078 Polish-German Frontier in... International Law, 1030 Polish German Frontier in the Light of Documents, 935 Polish-German Frontier: Law, Life, and Logic, 933 Polish-German Problem, 698 Polish-German Relations, 612 Polish Land: Hernia Polska, 1129 Polish Language in Opole Silesia, 591 Polish Library of Facts, 491, 611, 612 Polish Literature in English Translation, 11 Polish Memoirs of William John Rose, 611 "Polish National Idea in the Life... Lelewel," 249 Polish Panorama, 589 Polish Partition, 111 Polish Peace Aims, 711 "Polish Policy of the Central Powers During the World War," 285 Polish Pomerania (Pomorze), 491 Polish Pomerania: Two Addresses and a Reply, 480 Polish Problem, 335 Polish Problem at the Paris Peace

188 Conference, 331 Polish Profiles, 1072 Polish Publicists and Prussian Politics, 206 Polish Question, 290 Polish Question and the Slavs, 328 Polish Question as an International Problem, 350 Polish Question from the German Point of View, 137 Polish Regained Provinces, 1032 Polish Review, 30, 201, 210, 244, 251, 329, 341, 353, 363, 374, 376,482,651,662,663,787, 889,981,1073,1095,1116 "Polish Society in Poznania," 217 Polish Sociological Bulletin, 913, 932, 954, 961, 962 Polish Territory Occupied by the Germans, 709 Polish Western Affairs, 162, 178-9, 187, 205, 215, 220-4, 228, 232, 250, 254, 259-62, 265, 518, 532, 547, 548, 564, 602, 645, 649, 661, 790, 794, 801, 804-6, 819, 828, 834-5, 846, 854, 856-7, 861, 863-5,881,893,896,910-11, 914, 922, 940, 943-4, 951, 963, 977, 982, 996, 1000-1002, 1025, 1029, 1031, 1038, 1041, 1043-5, 1049, 1050, 1056, 1059, 1079, 1082, 1085, 1094, 1109, 1117 Polish Western Association of America Quarterly, 408,1110, 1111,1112 Polish Western Territories, 890 Polish White Book, 616,680 Political Quarterly, 599 Political Status and the Economic Importance, 467 Politics, Art, and Commitment, 85 Politics, Economics, and Society, 53 Pomerania, 169

Polish-German Borderlands Pomeranian Customs and Culture, 236 Pomeranian Vistula, 497 Pomeranians, the Persistent Pioneers, 189 Pomoria, Poland's Bastion, 504 Pomorze in British Eyes, 492 Poole's Index to Periodical Literature, 57 Population Changes in Poland, 1039 "Population Movements in the Polish Provinces," 230 Population of Western and Northern Poland, 1096 Port of Gdynia, 493 Portrait of Poland, 958 Position of Foreign Minorities in Germany, 541 Postscript to Victory, 553 Post-war Europe: Germany or Poland, 664 Postwar Population Transfers in Europe, 987 Potsdam Agreement, 912 Potsdam: Twenty Years After, 907 POW Odyssey, 116 Poznanskie Siowiki, 1201 Prehistory of Polish Pomerania, 213 Preposterous Corridor, 498 Prisoners of the Reich, 814 Prisoners of War, 803 Prisoners of War and Political Hostages, 54 Private Diaries of Daisy, 136 Private History of a Polish Insurrection, 103 Private Letters of Baron de Viomenil, 151 Problem of Danzig, 425 Problem of Upper Silesia and the Reconstruction, 387 Problem of Upper Silesia

Title Index (Osborne), 383 Problem of Upper Silesia (Machray), 699 Problem Regions of Europe, 1074 Problems of Central and Eastern Europe, 295 Problems of the Stone Age in Pomerania, 238 Proceedings of the Association of History Teachers, 520 Protection of Linguistic... Minorities, 584 Protection of Minorities in Upper Silesia, 585 Prussia and the Poles, 153 "Prussian Campaigns of Gustavus Adolphus," 175 Prussian Crusade, 266 Prussian Poland, 305 Prussian Poland: A Stronghold, 321 Prussian Poland in the German Empire, 167 "Prussian Polish Policy and the Polish Minority," 168 Prussian Silesia (Oppeln), 305 Prussian Society and the German Order, 111 Prussian Welfare State Before 1740, 111 Public Affairs Information Service Bulletin (PAIS), 26 Publications of the Research Group, 966 Questfor German Blood, 111 Rebellion in the Province of Posen, 324 Rebirth of Poland, 577 Rebirth of the Polish Republic, 319 Reborn Poland, 314 Reconstruction of Poland, 289 Reconstruction of Poland and the

189 Near East, 304 Recovered Territories, 903 Red Star Over Poland, 908 Red Storm on the Reich, 789 Red Wins, 755 Reference Guide to the Literature of Travel, 34 Reflections: To Be A German, 1202 Refuge, 11% Regional Guarantees of Minority Rights, 631 Relation Between the Germans, Poles, and Cassubians, 317 Repatriant (Journal), 855 Report of European Technical Advisors, 525 Report of the Commission on Polish Affairs, 351 Report of the Conference at Danzig, 614 Report of the Conference at Warsaw, 615 Report of the Seventh Conference on the Cause and Cure of War, 416 Report on Eastern Europe, 1100 Report on Financial Conditions in Poland, 571 Research in the Sociology of Work, 246 "Restoration of Poland," 310 Review of Politics, 984 Review ofReviews, 500 "Revisionism vs Reconciliation," 644 Right and Freedom for Silesia, 902 Rights and Safeguards of the Polish Minority, 550 Rise and Fall of the Teutonic Order, 114 Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia, 184 Rise of Polish Democracy, 240 RKFDV: German Resettlement and

190 Population Policy, 799, 800 Road to Berlin, 791 Roads to Liberation from Oflag 64, 761 Robotnicy 71, Nie o Nas Bez Nas, 1203 Robotnicy '80, 1204 Rok Spokojnego Slonca, 1205 Role of Opole Silesia, 847 "Roman Dmowski and the Thirteenth Point," 361 Rose Bernd, 1206 Russia and Eastern Europe, 56 Russia, the Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe, 10 Russia, the USSR, and Eastern Europe, 15, 16, 17 Russian and Slavic History (Journal), 216 "S.A. in the Eastern Regions of Germany," 527 S.O.S, 1124 Sage, 770 Sailors in Cages, 737 Salt of the Black Earth, 1208 SamiSwoi, 1194, 1207 Scenes of Fighting and Martyrdom, 816 School and Society (Journal), 556 School Strikes in Prussian Poland, 218 Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia, 106 Scottish Geographic Magazine, 111 Secret Nazi Plans for Eastern Europe, 796 Seeds of Conflict, 355, 499, 629 Self-Determination as Smokescreen, 936 SelfDetermination, 1919, 316 September Light, 1121 Shock of War Through Germany to

Polish-German Borderlands Cracow, 292 Shoe Leather Express, 764 Sidonia the Sorceress, 1151 Silesia and Pomerania, 572 Silesia and the Peace of the World, 360 Silesia in German Eyes, 1939-1945, 808 Silesia in Pictures, 1011 Silesia Revisited, 568 Silesia Yesterday and Today, 990 Silesian Inferno, 685 Sinful Life ofFranciszek Bula, 1178 Sitting It Out, ISO Sketches of Germany and the Germans, 144 Slavic Europe, 49 Slavic History and Literatures, 12 Slavic Review, 166, 264 Slavic Studies, 3 Slavonic and East European Review, 165, 186, 229, 231, 237, 245, 460, 621, 687 Slavonic Review, 517, 565, 596, 623, 638 Sleeping Army, 1128 So This Is Poland, 600 Social Sciences and Humanities Index, 19, 28 Social Sciences Index, 28 Social Studies (Journal), 691 Socialist Commentary (Journal), 891 Sociological Review, 614 Sociology of the Struggle for Pomerania, 275 Sol Ziemi Cjarnej, 1208 Some Facts Concerning the German Element, 359 Some Political Problems of Contemporary Europe, 627 Some Problems of the Peace Conference, 308

Title Index South Atlantic Quarterly, 298 Southwestern Poland, 601 Soviet Occupation of Poland, 672 Spokesmen of Tension, 1003 Spring Held No Hope, 702 Stalag Luft III: A Collection of German Prison Camp..., 762 Stalag Luft III: The Secret Story, 741, 742 Stalowe Serca, 1209 Stars Must Shine, 1180 Status under International Law, 926 Steel Ships, Iron Crosses, and Refugees, 797 Stolen Journey, 768 "Story of Winzig, 1933-1945," 784 "Studies in the Rural Economy of the Duchy of Wroclaw," 200 Subject Bibliography of the Second World War, 41, 42 Subject Collections, 1 Subject Index of Modern Books Acquired, 8 Sufferings of Eastern Germany, 648 Survey (Journal), 1007,1027 Survey ofInternational Affairs, 633, 634 Szczecin: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, 1087 Take It Easy, 1194,1207 Tale of One January, 1149 Tannenberg 1410/1914, 299 Territorial Development of Prussia, 111 Teuton and Slav on the Polish Frontier, 614 Teuton and Slav: The Struggle for Central Europe, 818 Teutonic Knights, 1185 Teutonic Order in Prussia, 214 They Have Their Exits, 763

191 They Shall Not Have Me, 749 Third Rising in Upper Silesia, 392 This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen, 1123, 1184 Thorn, a German City, 300 Thousand Hour Day, 1148 Thousand Years of German Aggression, 204 Three Feet Above Earth, 1210 Three Germanies, 959 Three Weeks' War in Poland, 750 Through a Woman's Eyes, 729 Through Poland During the Elections of 1930, 625 Time Without Bells, 1122 Tin Drum, 1114, 1139, 1165 To Lose a War, 111 To Poland in War-Time, 293 TourfromLondon to Petersburgh, 140 Tour in Germany, 141 Tour Through Some of the Northern Parts of Europe, 158 Tragedy of Silesia, 695 Transfer of the German Population from Poland, 1018 Travel (Journal), 475 Travels Through Germany, 129 Travels Through Germany, Russia, and Poland, 124 Travels Through Part of the Russian Empire, 117 Travels Through Some Parts of Germany, Poland, 128 Treatment of National Minorities, 354 Treatment of Polish Nationals, 484 Treitschke's Origins of Prussianism, 149 "Triumph of Polish Nationalism," 336 Truth About Pomorze, 459 Truth About the Corridor, 458 Truth about Upper Silesia, 355,

192 397 Truth or Conjecture, 989 Trzy Stopy Nad Ziemiq, 1210 Tunnel Escape, 781 Turmoil to Triumph, 760 Turning Point, 1162 Uberall 1st Es Besser, Wo Wir NichtSind, 1211 United States of Poland, 356 Lfcper Si/es/tf (Great Britain), 305 Upper Silesia (Information Notes), 690 Upper Silesia (Kudlicki), 696, 699 Upper Silesia: A Country of Contrasts, 652 Upper Silesia and Poland, 391 "Upper Silesia as an International Problem," 377 Upper Silesia, Her Economic Union, 355 Upper Silesia in Its Economic Relation, 381 Upper Silesian Industrial Region, 618 Upper Silesian Question, 384 Uprooted, 732 "Vatican Policy Toward German Polish Oder-Neisse," 1080 Visit to the Scene of the Crime, 1901, 1214 Vital Speeches (Journal), 945 Volkerbund, 557 War According to Anna, 734 War's Aftermath, 306 Wars and Rumors of Wars, 773 Wayfarer in Poland, 594 Ways in the Night, 1212 Weavers, 1141 Wege In Der Nacht, 1212 Welcome Swede, 739 Western and Northern Poland

Polish-German Borderlands (Derlatka), 852 Western and Northern Poland (Komilowicz), 923 Western and Northern Poland (Rechowicz), 1098 Western and Northern Territories ofPoland (Iwasiewicz), 901 Western and Northern Territories of Poland (Sobanski), 998, 999 Western Frontier of Poland, 937 Western Slavs on the Baltic, 269 Westerplatte, 1213 West German Cinema, 1985-1900, 80 West German Cinema Since 1945, 79 West Germany, 38 Westminster Review, 94, 155 West Slavonic Bulletin, 718 What I Saw in Poland, 1946, 831 What Poland Wants, 700 When Love Was a Crime, 1183 When the Prussians Came to Poland, 358 Whispers of Death, 751 White Eagle of Poland, 281 Why We Fight, 1193 Wilson and the Territorial Settlement, 1223 Wings Day, 775 Winter Chronicle, 1145 Wirtschaft und Statistik (Journal), 956 Within Two Years, 401 WizjaLokalna 1901, 1214 WolneMiasto, 1215 Wooden Horse, 782 Woodrow Wilson and the Rebirth of Poland, 302, 303 Workers '71, Nothing About Us Without Us, 1203 Workers '80, 1204 Working Classes of Upper Silesia, 174

193

Title Index World Affairs Interpreter, 469 World Historical Fiction Guide, 73 World Today (Journal), 848, 898, 1105 World War II: Books in English, 64 World's Work (Journal), 309 Wroclaw, 1945-1965, 965

Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 1055 Year of the Quiet Sun, 1205 Year of the Wolves, 1130 You Are There, 1182 Youthful Life, and Pictures of Travel, 142

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SUBJECT INDEX

Numbers are citation numbers. Agriculture, 829, 830, 900, 977, 978 American Poles, 302, 303, 482, 722, 858, 861, 862, 1046 American Relief Administration, 306, 525 Auschwitz concentration camp, 1123,1149 Austria, 148, 285 Baltic coast and sea, 106,117, 140, 158, 269, 338, 356, 444, 464, 502, 503, 666, 667, 701, 705, 717, 771, 782; postwar period, 901, 964, 1085, 1088, 1107; WWII evacuation by ship, 757, 788,797,1012,1191 Berlin, 117, 124, 590, 734, 776, 1211 Bismarck, Otto von, 164, 168, 206, 207, 273, 551 Bohemia, 181 Boundary between Germany and Poland in 1919, 282, 284, 295, 308, 312, 315, 316, 321, 337, 340, 348, 351; revision during interwar period, 407, 413, 414,

421, 422, 423, 442, 466, 480, 482, 494, 498, 502, 507, 558, 577, 595; postwar proposals by Poland, 666, 674, 687, 688, 700, 701, 704, 718, 723; postwar proposals to subdue Germany, 664, 668, 686, 690, 698, 711, 716, 721, 722; historical studies on proposals, 801, 804, 805, 806, 807, 812, 813, 815, 821, 822, 823, 824, 827; postwar Polish opinion before 1970: 832, 843, 853, 854, 859, 861, 862, 869, 876, 879, 882, 887, 888, 900, 910, 911, 935, 937, 939, 969, 996, 1030, 1038; postwar Polish opinion after 1970: 1049, 1059, 1060, 1078, 1079, 1085, 1088, 1105, 1106; postwar German opinion, 833, 836, 840, 870, 891, 894, 902, 921, 926, 967, 1029, 1031, 1034, 1070, 1104; postwar Western opinion, 945, 946, 947, 973, 975, 979, 980, 994, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1007, 1016, 1019, 1024, 1027, 1047, 1066, 1067; historical studies, 904, 909, 916,

196 931, 933, 948, 1004, 1006, 1009, 1046, 1048, 1054, 1064, 1071, 1076,1080,1083, 1093, 1102 Brandenburg, 108,173,184 Breslau (before 1945), 124, 136, 200, 583, 695, 794, 1133, 1145 Casimir the Great, 210 Caprivi, Leo von, 168,206,241 Catholic church, 246, 263, 264, 672, 689, 694, 695, 746, 820, 878, 1035, 1037, 1080, 1152 Cassubia. See Kaszuby Cenova, Florjan, 170 Copernicus, 161 Council of Foreign Ministers (London), 929, 969 Cracow. See Krakow Da>rowka Wielka, Poland, 586 Danzig (before 1945), before 1914, 132, 117, 132, 142, 145; WWI, 279, 288, 289, 294, 306, 317, 318, 325, 327, 329, 332, 338, 340, 342, 348, 355, 356; interwar, 400-519, 552, 553, 588, 597; WWII: 697, 707, 717, 724, 746, 757, 768, 778, 825; fiction, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1155, 1165, 1213, 1215. See also Pomerania; West Prussia Deutscher Ostmarkenverein. See H-K-T Society Displaced persons camps, 855, 1153 Dmowski, Roman, 331, 361,498 Drang Nach Osten, 180, 211, 220, 225 East Prussia, 214, 424, 425, 491, 494, 501, 597, 728 Expellee associations, 852, 854, 870,871,1110 Expellees, 871,925, 930, 934, 952,

Polish-German Borderlands 959, 966, 981, 1017, 1062, 1063 Expulsions, German, 840, 844, 876, 966, 988, 1022, 1056, 1064, 1086, 1117 Expulsions, Polish, 672, 675, 684, 706, 715, 720, 793, 795, 796, 799, 800, 805, 825. See also Refugees, Polish Film bibliographies, 77,78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 Friedrich H, 91, 92, 101, 146, 157, 215, 417 Galicia, 209 Gdansk (after 1945), 837, 875, 901, 964, 1021, 1057, 1081, 1108, 1113, 1115, 1136, 1161, 1167, 1169, 1171, 1203,1204 Gdynia, 399, 402, 491, 494, 501, 901, 964 German culture, 216, 318, 343, 440, 839, 867 German Democratic Republic, 858, 869, 801, 910, 959, 1036, 1048, 1070, 1084, 1092, 1104. See also Relations between Germany and Poland German eastern territories before 1919, 95, 113, 136, 201, 233, 234, 244, 257, 258, 263, 278, 334, 339, 343, 1127; post WWII, 833, 836, 839, 843, 867, 868, 870, 871, 877, 899, 921, 926, 955, 959, 979, 980, 1009, 1024,1034, 1047, 1218 German Federal Republic, 883, 884, 885, 907, 910, 920, 922, 959, 967, 1003, 1025, 1029, 1031, 1034, 1045, 1059, 1076, 1093, 1099; treaty with Poland, 1053, 1067, 1084, 1106; Ostforschung, 534, 856, 1010 ; Ostpolitik. See Relations between Germany and Poland

Subject Index German League for Human Rights, 889 German-Polish conference (192526), 614, 615 German-Polish tariff war, 579 Germany: bibliographies, 32, 38, 40, 45, 53, 58, 62; before 1919, 116, 123, 129, 144, 187, 223, 251; interwar period, 442, 443, 466, 527, 539, 540, 547, 556, 559, 573; film 1165; maps 1223 Germany, East. See German Democratic Republic Germany, West, See German Federal Republic Gleiwitz, Germany, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1172, 1174 Goths, 176, 286, 287 Great Britain, 128, 329, 407, 538, 552, 553, 1027 Grunwald, battle of, 225, 299 Hitler, Adolf, 551 H-K-T Society, 244, 257, 258 Ishii, Viscount, 325

197 1109 Literature bibliographies, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76 Lusatian Sorbs, 929, 941 Mennonites, 159, 993 Mieszko I, 270 Minorities, German, before 1919, 275, 308, 309, 317, 354, 356, 362; interwar period, 414, 417, 446, 528, 529, 531, 546, 548, 551, 560, 564, 567, 575, 577, 580, 584, 587, 588, 592; WWII, 690, 713, 714, 790, 811, 1068; postwar period, 844, 845, 846, 848, 915, 1050, 1073, 1075, 1092, 1095, 1112, 1116 Minorities, Polish, before 1919, 97, 100, 110, 118, 119, 134, 138, 143, 152, 155, 174, 199, 212, 216, 229, 231, 256, 320, 322; interwar period, 446, 541, 548, 550, 560, 580, 586, 596; WWII, 706, 712, 720, 790, 795, 796, 798, 799, 800; postwar period, 1095, 1116

Jews, 160, 190, 194, 995 Kashubia and Kashubs. See Kaszuby Kaszuby, 170, 221, 252, 317, 402, 416, 454, 460, 1107, 1115, 1135 Katowice, Poland, 750, 835,1021 Kirdorff, Baron von, 755 Krakow, 291, 292 Krockow, Libussa Fritz, 756 League of Nations, 325, 445, 584, 585, 367, 374, 382, 430, 445, 468, 480, 506, 523, 549, 568, 569, 570, 584, 585 Lelewel, Joachim, 249 Literature, Polish, 623, 896, 1082,

Napoleon 1,139 Nationalism and nationality before 1914, 167, 170, 182, 190, 191, 194, 216, 218, 219, 232, 240, 246, 249, 253, 255, 257, 263, 267, 268; WWI, 284, 296, 316, 323, 336, 354, 361, 390 Nazis, 447, 448, 449, 450, 515, 516,531,534,566,598 Netze valley, 417 Oberlander, Theodor, 860 Oder-Neisse line. See Boundary between Germany and Poland Oder river, 130, 176, 271, 337, 929, 1051, 1052, 1087, 1097

198 Opole (after 1945), 835, 847, 851, 940, 962, 1008, 1050 Oppeln (before 1945), 591,820 Paris Peace Conference (1919), 276, 284, 289, 308, 315, 319, 328, 331, 376; British writings, 305; German writings, 278, 300, 317, 318, 330, 334, 352, 359; Polish writings, 294, 313, 320, 332 Permanent Court of International Justice, 484,607,608 Pilsudski, Jozef, 331 Plebiscite. See Upper Silesian plebiscite Poland: bibliographies, 21, 27, 29, 30, 37, 47, 48, 52, 59, 63; geography, 135, 147, 176, 235, 826, 881, 951, 1008, 1051, 1052, 1216, 1217, 1219, 1220, 1221, 1222; before 1800, 89, 90, 96, 98, 99, 111, 114, 120, 121, 145, 151, 162, 171, 176, 186, 188, 198, 202, 205, 210, 227; 18001919: 103, 112, 127, 150, 235, 240, 283, 302, 303, 310, 336; interwar period, 525, 571, 579, 588; postwar period, 831, 866, 908, 949, 957, 958, 971, 995, 1005, 1021, 1026, 1072, 1083, 1103, 1142 Polish corridor, 289,400-521, 524, 525, 526, 557, 559, 589, 594 Polish culture, 104, 205, 235, 236, 283, 286, 297, 349, 458, 672, 683, 703, 808 Polish-German conference (192526), 614,615 Polish government in exile, 822 Polish partitions (1773-1795), 90, 102, 122, 151, 183, 193, 208, 259, 260, 261, 262, 267 Polish question. See Restoration of

Polish-German Borderlands Polish nation Polish theatre, 893 Polish western territories before 1945, 222, 272, 339, 698, 712, 729, 750; postwar resettlement, 834, 838, 849, 873, 892, 897, 903, 908, 931, 942, 968, 971, 972, 995, 1028, 1032; postwar conditions before 1970, 852, 853, 869, 872, 874, 881, 890, 898, 900, 905, 917, 922, 923, 925, 937, 950, 951, 997, 999, 1024, 1043; postwar conditions since 1970, 1072, 1074, 1083, 1098; postwar settlers, 831, 863, 864, 865, 868, 873, 880, 892, 903, 942, 972, 1028, 1032, 1083, 1086; social aspects, 863, 880, 893, 913, 924, 927, 932, 943, 944, 957, 958, 961, 963, 982, 998, 1039, 1041, 1042, 1044, 1096 Pomerania before 1919, 105, 107, 116, 129, 161, 162, 169, 172, 189, 208, 213, 236, 238, 250, 265, 266, 268, 275, 316, 336; interwar period, 459, 465, 478, 480, 491, 492, 497, 501, 504, 507, 511, 521, 572, 581; WWII, 732, 749, 755, 756; postwar period, 829, 968, 985, 986, 993, 998, 1020, 1061, 1062, 1087, 1107, 1115; fiction, 1125, 1126, 1130, 1150, 1151, 1152, 1154, 1181. See also Danzig; West Prussia Poniatowski, Stanislaus, 121 Population studies before 1919, 197, 230, 272, 278, 296, 318, 328, 334, 339, 359; interwar period, 591; postwar period, 924, 927, 956, 982, 989, 998, 1016, 1039, 1041, 1042, 1044, 1089, 1096, 1222

Subject Index Posen (before 1919), 103, 111, 117, 127, 134, 156, 160, 163, 190, 206, 208, 217, 218, 228, 243, 253; WWI, 295, 316, 324, 336, 359 Potsdam conference and agreements, 823, 844, 848, 869, 897, 907, 912, 928, 933, 979, 1023, 1030, 1054, 1064, 1069, 1078, 1079, 1096, 1103 Poznari (after 1919), 598, 692, 721, 998, 1021 Protestant church, 692,1035 Prussia, 91, 101, 108, 123, 139, 146, 148, 149, 172, 173, 175, 177, 184,188, 214, 259, 333 Prussian Poland before 1914, 104, 144, 153, 154, 164, 165, 167, 168, 179, 182, 190, 191, 192, 194, 201, 219, 228, 239, 244, 245, 1166, 1173, 1192, 1214; WWI, 305, 307, 309, 320, 321, 322, 344, 345; fiction, 1128, 1143 Prussian Settlement Commission, 201 Prussian tribes, 226 Refugees, German, WWII, 728, 732, 756, 772, 817, 934, 952, 1125, 1126, 1130, 1159; postwar period. See Expellees and expulsions, German Refugees, Polish, WWII, 793, 795, 7%, 798, 799, 800, 817; postwar period, 838, 855. See also Expulsions, Polish Reichskommissariat fur die Festigung deutschen Volkstums, 800 Relations between Germany and Poland in 19th century and before, 94, 109, 166, 178, 181, 182, 185, 187, 203, 204, 205, 224, 241, 242, 254, 262; WWI,

199 317, 341, 363; interwar period, 521, 522, 528, 530, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 545, 548, 549, 554, 557, 558, 561, 566, 576, 578, 579, 599; WWII, 665, 691, 710, 716, 721, 818, 819, 826; postwar period, 842, 859, 878, 883, 884, 885, 886, 888, 894, 895, 906, 953, 976, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1093, 1099, 1100, 1111; postwar treaties, 1053, 1058, 1067, 1084, 1104, 1106; Ostpolitik 907, 936, 1025, 1066, 1069, 1071, 1077, 1102; film, 1187, 1211, 1212. See also German Democratic Republic; German Federal Republic Restoration of Polish nation before WWI, 137, 143, 156; postwar proposals, 277, 280, 281, 290, 295, 297, 298, 304, 311, 314, 319, 323, 328, 333, 335, 337, 342, 344, 349, 350 Romania, 736,750 Russian Empire, 112, 148, 153, 156, 230, 240, 277, 328 Schurz,Carl, 1173 Scots in Poland, 106 Self-determination. See Nationalism Silesia before 1919, 88, 116, 125, 127, 141, 146, 148, 172, 177, 209, 237, 271, 353, 360, 846, 1040,1221; interwar period, 432, 543, 544, 572, 581, 582, 591, 846, 902, 1011, 1040, 1109; WWfl, 685, 693, 694, 695, 696, 734, 744, 772, 808, 809, 820, 1103; postwar period, 830, 835, 847, 851, 919, 938, 990, 995, 998, 1008, 1040, 1050, 1052, 1055, 1056, 1101, 1103; fiction, 1134, 1140, 1141, 1168, 1196,

200 1198, 1206, 1208, 1210. See also Upper Silesia Slavs, 113, 173, 176, 198, 204, 223, 227, 254, 269, 271, 286, 287 Sobieski, John, 114,120,131 SQderberg, Henry, 739 Soviet army, 685, 693, 694, 695, 755, 756, 758, 789, 791, 794, 903, 968, 989, 990, 1012 Soviet Union, 576, 904, 948, 987, 995 Stalin, Joseph, 812 Sweden, 105,107,175 Szczecin (after 1945), 857, 901, 964, 1021, 1052, 1087 Tannenberg, battle of. See Grunwald, battle of Teutonic knights, 162, 171, 202, 214, 226, 266, 274, 1156, 1185 Thorn (before 1919), 161,171, 300 Toruri (after 1919), 1065,1163 Travel and travelers before 1914, 88, 92, 93, 96, 102, 103, 112, 115, 117, 124, 128, 129, 133, 140, 141, 157, 158; bibliographies, 34,60 United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 849, 855 United States Dept. of State, 351, 804 Upper Silesia before 1919, 174, 195, 196, 197, 246, 247, 248, 295, 305, 316, 343, 352, 355, 1217, 1222; interwar period, 424, 442, 550, 552, 553, 562, 563, 568, 569, 570, 574, 585, 592; economic importance in interwar period, 379, 381, 384, 387, 389, 394, 395, 397; postwar period, 699, 856, 954, 974, 1089, 1090,

Polish-German Borderlands 1091; film, 1166, 1178, 1180, 1190,1209. See also Silesia Upper Silesian plebiscite, 364-398, 1124; violence during, 370, 375, 392, 393, 398 Versailles, treaty of, 312, 334, 362, 539, 540, 595, 1223 Vistula river, 176,213,466,497 Wartheland, 825 West Prussia, 159, 172, 305, 317, 318, 359, 440, 442, 597, 598, 692. See also Pomerania; Danzig Western allies (WWI), 276, 331, 351 Western allies (WWII), 801, 807, 801, 807, 813, 815, 822, 824, 827 Western powers in interwar period, 538 Wilson, Woodrow, 302,303,1223 Winzig, Silesia, 784 World War I, 285, 290, 299, 306, 326, 346, 357, 358; German occupation of Poland, 301, 346, 357,358,1118,1127 World War II bibliographies, 41, 42, 54, 64, 71, 76; British memoirs, 724, 750; Diplomatic documents, 669, 670, 671, 678, 681, 682; French memoirs, 749; German memoirs, 728, 732, 734, 744, 746, 756, 757, 771, 772; German occupation of Poland, 672, 673, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 702, 708, 709, 710, 717, 786, 787, 789, 798, 809, 811, 1131, 1132, 1142, 1147, 1148, 1158; Germany, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1146, 1157; Polish memoirs, 729; films (Polish), 1160, 1170, 1175, 1177, 1183, 1184, 1190, 1199, 1202,

Subject Index 1205, 1209, 1212, 1213, 1215; films (German), 1164, 1174, 1183, 1186, 1188, 1189, 1191, 1200, 1205, 1212; films (United States) 1176,1182,1193,1202 World War H POW forced evacuations, 727, 730, 731, 733, 737, 738, 745, 747, 748, 751, 754, 758, 761, 764, 769, 773, 774, 780, 783, 785, 803, 814, 1144, 1149 World War U prisoner of war camps, 725, 737, 739, 752, 767, 775, 785, 792, 803, 810, 814, 816, 1176, 1197; Oflag 64 (Schubin), 731, 743, 760, 761, 770, 773; Stalag H-B (Hammerstein), 749; Stalag 344

201 (Lamsdorf), 725, 727, 736, 745, 779, 810; Stalag XX-A (Thorn), 758, 763, 778; Stalag VJJI-B (Teschen), 733, 767, 769; Stalag VHI-C and Stalag luft III (Sagan), 726,727,730,731, 735, 738, 741, 742, 747, 748, 754, 762, 768, 770, 774, 776, 777, 780, 781, 782; Stalag luft IV (Grosstychow), 751, 753, 759, 764, 765, 766, 783; Stalag luft VI (Heydekrug), 783 Wroclaw (after 1945), 835, 938, 965, 983,1021, 1055,1094 Yalta conference, 823 YMCA, 739

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About the Compiler BARBARA DOTTS PAUL, Associate Professor, University Library, University of Wisconsin—Stevens Point, has graduate degrees in both history and library science. Among her recent bibliographies is The Germans After World War II: An English Language Bibliography (1990).