Lysistrata (Webster's French Thesaurus Edition)

LYSISTRATA WEBSTER'S FRENCH THESAURUS EDITION

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Aristophanes

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

Lysistrata Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Aristophanes

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com Lysistrata: Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25574-X

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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR ........................................................................................ 1 FOREWORD ................................................................................................................... 2 THE PERSONS OF THE DRAMA ...................................................................................... 9 LYSISTRATA ................................................................................................................. 10 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 81

Aristophanes

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-French thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of Lysistrata by Aristophanes was edited for three audiences. The first includes Frenchspeaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or French speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in French in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Webster's French Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in French or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in French, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

1 TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

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Lysistrata

FOREWORD Lysistrata %is the greatest work by Aristophanes. This blank and rash statement is made that it may be rejected. But first let it be understood that I do not mean it is a better written work than the Birds or the Frogs, or that (to descend to the scale of values that will be naturally imputed to me) it has any more appeal to the collectors of "curious literature" than the Ecclesiazusae or the Thesmophoriazusae. On the mere grounds of taste I can see an at least equally good case made out for the Birds. That brightly plumaged fantasy has an aerial wit and colour all its own. But there are certain works in which a man finds himself at an angle of vision where there is an especially felicitous union of the aesthetic and emotional elements which constitute the basic qualities of his uniqueness. We recognize these works as being welded into a strange unity, as having a homogeneous texture of ecstasy over them that surpasses any aesthetic surface of harmonic colour, though that harmony also is understood by the deeper welling of imagery from the core of creative exaltation. And I think that this occurs in Lysistrata. The intellectual and spiritual tendrils of the poem are more truly interwoven, the operation of their centres more nearly unified; and so the work goes deeper into life. It is his greatest play because of this, because it holds an intimate perfume of femininity and gives the finest sense of the charm of a cluster of girls, the sweet sense of their chatter, and the contact of their bodies, that is to be found before Shakespeare, because that mocking gaiety we call Aristophanies reaches here its most positive acclamation of life, vitalizing sex with a deep delight, a rare happiness of the spirit.

French acclamation: acclamation. aerial: aérien, antenne. aesthetic: esthétique. brightly: de manière claire, de façon claire. chatter: bavarder, babiller, broutage, bavardage. cluster: grappe, groupe, barillet, amas. descend: descendre, descendons, descendent, descendez, descends, baisser, s'abaisser. ecstasy: extase.

exaltation: exaltation. felicitous: heureux. femininity: féminité. gaiety: gaieté. harmonic: harmonique. homogeneous: homogène. imagery: imagerie, images. imputed: imputas, imputâtes, imputèrent, imputâmes, imputa, imputai, imputé. interwoven: entrelacé, entremêlé. mocking: bafouant, dérision.

perfume: parfum, parfumer. rash: éruption, éruption cutanée, irréfléchi, inconsidéré, rougeur. surpasses: dépasse, surpasse, maîtrise. texture: texture, structure. unified: unifiâtes, unifias, unifiai, unifièrent, unifia, unifiâmes, unifié. uniqueness: unicité. vitalizing: vivifiant. welded: soudas, soudâtes, souda, soudèrent, soudai, soudâmes, soudé. wit: esprit.

Aristophanes

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Indeed it is precisely for these reasons that it is not considered Aristophanes' greatest play.% To take a case which is sufficiently near to the point in question, to make clear what I mean: the supremacy of Antony and Cleopatra in the Shakespearean aesthetic is yet jealously disputed, and it seems silly to the academic to put it up against a work like Hamlet. But it is the comparatively more obvious achievement of Hamlet, its surface intellectuality, which made it the favourite of actors and critics. It is much more difficult to realize the complex and delicately passionate edge of the former play's rhythm, its tides of hugely wandering emotion, the restless, proud, gay, and agonized reaction from life, of the blood, of the mind, of the heart, which is its unity, than to follow the relatively straightforward definition of Hamlet's nerves. Not that anything derogatory to Hamlet or the Birds is intended; but the value of such works is not enhanced by forcing them into contrast with other works which cover deeper and wider nexus of aesthetic and spiritual material. It is the very subtlety of the vitality of such works as Antony and Cleopatra and Lysistrata that makes it so easy to undervalue them, to see only a phallic play and political pamphlet in one, only a chronicle play in a grandiose method in the other. For we have to be in a highly sensitized condition before we can get to that subtle point where life and the image mix, and so really perceive the work at all; whereas we can command the response to a lesser work which does not call so finely on the full breadth and depth of our spiritual resources. I amuse myself at times with the fancy that Homer, Sappho, and Aristophanes are the inviolable Trinity of poetry, even to the extent of being reducible to One. For the fiery and lucid directness of Sappho, if her note of personal lyricism is abstracted, is seen to be an element of Homer, as is the profoundly balanced humour of Aristophanes, at once tenderly human and cruelly hard, as of a god to whom all sympathies and tolerances are known, but who is invulnerable somewhere, who sees from a point in space where the pressure of earth's fear and pain, and so its pity, is lifted. It is here that the Shakespearean and Homeric worlds impinge and merge, not to be separated by

French abstracted: distrait, abrégé, abstraite, abstrait, abstraits, abstraites. agonized: agonisé, agonisa, agonisai, agonisâmes, agonisas, agonisâtes, agonisèrent, tourmenté, tourmentèrent, tourmentâtes, tourmentâmes. amuse: amuser, amusent, amusons, amusez, amuse, amuses. cruelly: cruellement, de manière cruelle, de façon cruelle. delicately: de manière délicate, de

façon délicate. derogatory: dérogatoire. directness: franchise. grandiose: grandiose, magnifique. hugely: énormément, de façon énorme, de manière énorme. inviolable: inviolable. invulnerable: invulnérable. jealously: de manière jalouse, jalousement, de façon jalouse. lucid: lucide. lyricism: lyrisme.

nexus: lien, liaison, nexus, rapport. pamphlet: brochure, pamphlet. phallic: phallique. reducible: réductible. sensitized: voilai, sensibilisas, voilèrent, voilé, voilâtes, voilas, voilâmes, sensibilisa, sensibilisâtes, sensibilisèrent, sensibilisâmes. subtlety: subtilité. supremacy: suprématie. tenderly: tendrement. tides: marées.

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Lysistrata

any academic classifications. They meet in this sensitivity equally involved and aloof, sympathetic and arrogant, suffering and joyous; and in this relation we see Aristophanes as the forerunner of Shakespeare, his only one. We see also that the whole present aesthetic of earth is based in Homer. We live and grow in the world of consciousness bequeathed to us by him; and if we grow beyond it through deeper Shakespearean ardours, it is because those beyond are rooted in the broad basis of the Homeric imagination. To shift that basis is to find the marshes of primitive night and fear alone beneath the feet: Christianity.% And here we return to the question of the immorality of Lysistrata. First we may inquire: is it possible for a man whose work has so tremendous a significance in the spiritual development of mankind--and I do not think anyone nowadays doubts that a work of art is the sole stabilizing force that exists for life--is it possible for a man who stands so grandly at head of an immense stream of liberating effort to write an immoral work? Surely the only enduring moral virtue which can be claimed is for that which moves to more power, beauty and delight in the future? The plea that the question of changing customs arises is not valid, for customs ratified by Aristophanes, by Rabelais, by Shakespeare, have no right to change. If they have changed, let us try immediately to return from our disgraceful refinements to the nobler and more rarefied heights of lyric laughter, tragic intensity, and wit, for we cannot have the first two without the last. And anyhow, how can a social custom claim precedence over the undying material of the senses and the emotions of man, over the very generating forces of life? How could the humanistic emotions, such as pity, justice, sympathy, exist save as pacifistic quietings of the desire to slay, to hurt, to torment. Where the desire to hurt is gone pity ceases to be a significant, a central emotion. It must of course continue to exist, but it is displaced in the spiritual hierarchy; and all that moves courageously, desirously, and vitally into the action of life takes on a deeper and subtler intention. Lust, then, which on the lower plane was something to be very frightened of, becomes a symbol of the highest spirituality. It is right for Paul to be terrified of sex and so to hate it, because he has so freshly escaped a bestial condition of life that it threatens to plunge him back if he

French aloof: distant. bequeathed: léguas, léguâtes, léguâmes, légué, légua, léguai, léguèrent. bestial: bestial. ceases: cesse. courageously: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse. disgraceful: honteux. enduring: endurant, supportant, durant, soutenant, persistant.

forerunner: précurseur. grandly: de manière grandiose, de façon grandiose. humanistic: humaniste. immoral: immoral. immorality: immoralité. inquire: enquérir, demander, nous enquérons, vous enquérez, s'enquièrent, m'enquiers, enquérezvous, t'enquiers, se renseigner. joyous: joyeux. liberating: libérant.

lyric: lyrique, texte. rarefied: raréfiai, raréfiâmes, raréfias, raréfiâtes, raréfièrent, raréfia, raréfié. slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier. spirituality: spiritualité. stabilizing: se stabilisant, stabilisant, stabilisation. torment: torture, tourmenter, supplice. undying: éternel. vitally: de manière vitale, de façon vitale.

Aristophanes

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listens to one whisper But it is also right for a Shakespeare to suck every drop of desire from life, for he is building into a higher condition, one se1f-willed, selfresponsible, the discipline of which comes from joy, not fear.% Sex, therefore, is an animal function, one admits, one insists; it may be only that. But also in the bewildering and humorous and tragic duality of all life's energies, it is the bridge to every eternity which is not merely a spectral condition of earth disembowelled of its lusts. For sex holds the substance of the image. But we must remember with Heine that Aristophanes is the God of this ironic earth, and that all argument is apparently vitiated from the start by the simple fact that Wagner and a rooster are given an analogous method of making love. And therefore it seems impeccable logic to say that all that is most unlike the rooster is the most spiritual part of love. All will agree on that, schisms only arise when one tries to decide what does go farthest from the bird's automatic mechanism. Certainly not a Dante-Beatrice affair which is only the negation of the rooster in terms of the swooning bombast of adolescence, the first onslaught of a force which the sufferer cannot control or inhabit with all the potentialities of his body and soul. But the rooster is troubled by no dreams of a divine orgy, no carnival-loves like Beethoven's Fourth Symphony, no heroic and shining lust gathering and swinging into a merry embrace like the third act of Siegfried. It is desire in this sense that goes farthest from the animal. Consciously, no one can achieve the act of love on earth as a completed thing of grace, with whatever delirium of delight, with whatever ingenious preciosity, we go through its process. Only as an image of beauty mated in some strange hermaphroditic ecstasy is that possible. I mean only as a dream projected into a hypothetical, a real heaven. But on earth we cannot complete the cycle in consciousness that would give us the freedom of an image in which two identities mysteriously realize their separate unities by the absorption of a third thing, the constructive rhythm of a work of art. It is thus that Tristan and Isolde become wholly distinct individuals, yet wholly submerged in the unity that is Wagner; and so reconcile life's duality by balancing its opposing laughters in a definite form--thereby sending out into life a profounder duality than existed

French adolescence: adolescence. analogous: analogue, analogique. balancing: équilibrage, balancement, équilibrant, balançant. bewildering: ahurissant, effarant. bombast: grandiloquence. delirium: délire, transport. duality: dualité. eternity: éternité. farthest: le plus loin. hermaphroditic: hermaphrodite. humorous: amusant, humoristique.

impeccable: impeccable. ingenious: ingénieux. inhabit: habiter, habites, habite, habitons, habitez, habitent. listens: écoute. lust: volupté, passion, convoitise, désir. mated: accouplé. mysteriously: de manière mystérieuse, de façon mystérieuse. negation: négation. onslaught: attaque.

orgy: orgie. potentialities: potentialités. preciosity: préciosité. rooster: coq. spectral: spectral. submerged: submergé, submergeâmes, submergèrent, submergeas, submergeai, submergea, submergeâtes. suck: sucer, téter, aspirer. vitiated: vicièrent, viciâtes, vicias, viciâmes, vicia, viciai, vicié.

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before. A Platonic equipoise, Nietzsche's Eternal Recurrence--the only real philosophic problem, therefore one of which these two philosophers alone are aware.% But though Wagner with Mathilde Wesendonck in his arms was Tristan in the arms of Isolde, he did not find a melody instead of a kiss on his lips; he did not find a progression of harmonies melting through the contours of a warm beauty with a blur of desperate ecstasies, semitones of desire, he found only the anxious happiness of any other lover. Nevertheless, he was gathering the substance of the second act of Tristan und Isolde. And it is this that Plato means when he says that fornication is something immortal in mortality. He does not mean that the act itself is a godlike thing, a claim which any bedroom mirror would quickly deride. He means that it is a symbol, an essential condition, and a part of something that goes deeper into life than any geometry of earth's absurd, passionate, futile, and very necessary antics would suggest. It is a universal fallacy that because works like the comedies of Aristophanes discuss certain social or ethical problems, they are inspired by them. Aristophanes wrote to express his vision on life, his delight in life itself seen behind the warping screen of contemporary event; and for his purposes anything from Euripides to Cleon served as ground work. Not that he would think in those terms, naturally: but the rationalizing process that goes on in consciousness during the creation of a work of art, for all its appearance of directing matters, is the merest weathercock in the wind of the subconscious intention. As an example of how utterly it is possible to misunderstand the springs of inspiration in a poem, we may take the following remark of B. B. Rogers: It is much to be regretted that the phallus element should be so conspicuous in this play.... (This) coarseness, so repulsive to ourselves, was introduced, it is impossible to doubt, for the express purpose of counter-balancing the extreme earnestness and gravity of the play. It seems so logical, so irrefutable; and so completely misinterprets every creative force of Aristophanes' Psyche that it certainly deserves a little admiration. It is in the best academic tradition, and everyone respects a man for writing so mendaciously. The effort of these castrators is always to show that the parts considered offensive are not the

French blur: estomper, flou. coarseness: grossièreté. comedies: comédies. conspicuous: apparent, visible. contours: profil. deride: bernez, bernent, berner, bernons, berne, bernes. directing: direct, diriger, dirigeant, direction. earnestness: sérieux. equipoise: contrebalancer, équilibre. fallacy: erreur, fausseté.

fornication: fornication. futile: vain, abortif. geometry: géométrie. godlike: divin. immortal: immortel, immortelle. irrefutable: irréfutable. melody: mélodie. melting: fusion, fonte, palier de fusion, fondant, fondre. mendaciously: de manière menteuse, de façon menteuse. misunderstand: mal comprendre.

phallus: phallus. philosophers: philosophes. progression: progression. rationalizing: rationalisant. regretted: regretté. repulsive: répulsif, affreux, épouvantable, horrible, répugnant, repoussant. springs: sources, tortillons. subconscious: subconscient. warping: gauchissement, ourdissage. weathercock: girouette.

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natural expression of the poet, that they are dictated externally. They argue that Shakespeare's coarseness is the result of the age and not personal predilection, completely ignoring the work of men like Sir Philip Sidney and Spenser, indeed practically all the pre-Shakespearean writers, in whom none of this so-called grossness exists. Shakespeare wrote sculduddery because he liked it, and for no other reason; his sensuality is the measure of his vitality. These liars pretend similarly that because Rabelais had a humanistic reason for much of his work-the destructior Mediaevalism, and the Church, which purpose they construe of course as an effort to purify, etc.--therefore he only put the lewdery to make the rest palatable, when it should be obvious even to an academic how he glories in his wild humour.% What the academic cannot understand is that in such works, while attacking certain conditions, the creative power of the vigorous spirits is so great that it overflows and saturates the intellectual conception with their own passionate sense of life. It is for this reason that these works have an eternal significance. If Rabelais were merely a social reformer, then the value of his work would not have outlived his generation. If Lysistrata were but a wise political tract, it would have merely an historical interest, and it would have ceased spiritually at 4O4 B.C. But Panurge is as fantastic and fascinating a character now as he was 3OO years ago, Lysistrata and her girls as freshly bodied as any girl kissed to-day. Therefore the serious part of the play is that which deals with them, the frivolous part that in which Rogers detects gravity and earnestness. Aristophanes is the lord of all who take life as a gay adventure, who defy all efforts to turn life into a social, economic, or moral abstraction. Is it therefore just that the critics who, by some dark instinct, unerringly pick out the exact opposite of any creator's real virtues as his chief characteristics, should praise him as an idealistic reformer? An "ideal" state of society was the last thing Aristophanes desired. He wished, certainly, to eliminate inhumanities and baseness; but only that there might be free play for laughter, for individual happiness.

French abstraction: abstraction, distraction, inattention. attacking: attaquant. baseness: bassesse. bodied: épaissi. construe: analyser. defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque. detects: détecte. dictated: dicta, dictèrent, dictâmes,

dictai, dicté, dictâtes, dictas. eternal: éternel, perpétuel. externally: de façon externe, de manière externe. freshly: de façon fraiche, de manière frais, fraîchement. frivolous: frivole, vain, vaniteux. grossness: grossièreté. idealistic: idéaliste. palatable: appétissant. predilection: prédilection. purify: purifier, purifie, purifies,

purifient, purifions, purifiez, épurer, épure, assainir, épures, épurons. reformer: reformeur, réformateur. saturates: sature. sensuality: sensualité. spiritually: de manière spirituelle, spirituellement, de façon spirituelle. tract: tractus, étendue, tract. unerringly: de manière sûre, de façon sûre. virtues: vertus. vitality: vitalité.

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Lysistrata

Consequently the critics lay the emphasis on the effort to cleanse society, not the method of laughter. Aristophanes wished to destroy Cleon because that demagogue failed to realize the poet's conception of dignified government and tended to upset the stability of Hellas. But it was the stability of life, the vindication of all individual freedoms, in which he was ultimately interested.% JACK LINDSAY.

French cleanse: purifier, purifie, purifions, purifiez, purifient, purifies, affinier. conception: conception. demagogue: démagogue. destroy: détruire, détruisez, détruisent, détruisons, détruis, ravager, démolir, ravages, ravageons, ravagent, ravage. dignified: digne. effort: effort, démarche, peine, requête. emphasis: emphase, accentuation,

accent. failed: échoué, failli, manqué, faillies, faillie, faillirent. individual: individu, individuel, particulier. laughter: rire. lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. method: méthode, modalité. realize: réaliser, comprendre, réalise, réalises, réalisons, réalisez, réalisent.

stability: stabilité. tended: soignâtes, surveillé, surveillâtes, surveillas, surveillâmes, surveillai, surveilla, soigné, soignas, soignâmes, soignai. ultimately: finalement, enfin, de manière ultime, de façon ultime. upset: renverser, stupéfait, vexé, bouleverser, bouleversé. vindication: justification. wished: désira, souhaité, désirées, désirâmes, désirée, désirés.

Aristophanes

THE PERSONS OF THE DRAMA

LYSISTRATA CALONICE MYRRHINE LAMPITO STRATYLLIS CHORUS OF WOMEN MAGISTRATE CINESIAS SPARTAN HERALD ENVOYS ATHENIANS PORTER MARKET IDLERS CHORUS OF OLD MEN

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Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA [LYSISTRATA%stands alone with the Propylaea at her back.] LYSISTRATA. If they were trysting for a Bacchanal, A feast of Pan or Colias or Genetyllis, The tambourines would block the rowdy streets, But now there's not a woman to be seen Except--ah, yes--this neighbour of mine yonder. [Enter CALONICE.] Good day Calonice. CALONICE. Good day Lysistrata. But what has vexed you so? Tell me, child. What are these black looks for? It doesn't suit you To knit your eyebrows up glumly like that. LYSISTRATA. Calonice, it's more than I can bear, I am hot all over with blushes for our sex. Men say we're slippery rogues—

French alone: seul, seulement. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. block: bloc, bloquer, bûche, boucher, poulie, îlot, se mettre en travers, raccommoder, barrer, cale, blocage. eyebrows: sourcils. feast: fête, banqueter, festin. glumly: de manière triste, de façon triste. hot: chaud.

knit: tricoter. vexas, vexèrent. looks: regarde. yonder: là, y. mine: mine, mienne. neighbour: voisin, semblable. rowdy: chahuteur. sex: sexe, bagatelle. slippery: glissant. suit: costume, complet, convenir, procès, couleur. vexed: chagrina, chagrinai, chagrinâmes, chagrinas, chagrinâtes, chagriné, chagrinèrent, vexé, vexâtes,

Aristophanes

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CALONICE. And aren't they right? LYSISTRATA. Yet summoned on the most tremendous business For deliberation, still they snuggle in bed.% CALONICE. My dear, they'll come. It's hard for women, you know, To get away. There's so much to do; Husbands to be patted and put in good tempers; Servants to be poked out; children washed; Or soothed with lullays or fed with mouthfuls of pap. LYSISTRATA. But I tell you, here's a far more weighty object. CALONICE. What is it all about, dear Lysistrata, That you've called the women hither in a troop? What kind of an object is it? LYSISTRATA. A tremendous thing! CALONICE. And long? LYSISTRATA. Indeed, it may be very lengthy. CALONICE. Then why aren't they here? LYSISTRATA. No man's connected with it; If that was the case, they'd soon come fluttering along. No, no. It concerns an object I've felt over And turned this way and that for sleepless nights.

French along: le long de. concerns: concerne. connected: connecté, connectèrent, connectai, connectâmes, connectas, connectâtes, connecta, cohérent, branché, abouché, abouchèrent. dear: cher, coûteux. deliberation: délibération. fed: alimentas, alimentâtes, alimenté, alimentâmes, alimentai, alimentèrent, alimenta, nourrit, nourris, nourrirent, nourrîtes.

fluttering: battement des gouvernes, flottant. hard: dur, difficile, pénible. hither: ici. lengthy: interminable. object: objet, chose. pap: colle d'amidon, amorce, bouillie, bouillie lactée. poked: poussé. sleepless: sans sommeil. soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure. soothed: calmèrent, rassura, rassurai,

rassurâmes, rassuras, rassurâtes, rassurèrent, calmâtes, abattîtes, rassuré, calmâmes. summoned: appelé, convoquai, convoquâmes, convoqua, convoqués. tremendous: énorme. troop: troupe. washed: lavas, lavâtes, lavai, lava, lavèrent, lavâmes, lavé. weighty: important, lourd.

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Lysistrata

CALONICE. It must be fine to stand such long attention.% LYSISTRATA. So fine it comes to this--Greece saved by Woman! CALONICE. By Woman? Wretched thing, I'm sorry for it. LYSISTRATA. Our country's fate is henceforth in our hands. To destroy the Peloponnesians root and branch— CALONICE. What could be nobler! LYSISTRATA. Wipe out the Bœotians— CALONICE. Not utterly. Have mercy on the eels! LYSISTRATA. But with regard to Athens, note I'm careful Not to say any of these nasty things; Still, thought is free.... But if the women join us From Peloponnesus and Bœotia, then Hand in hand we'll rescue Greece. CALONICE. How could we do Such a big wise deed? We women who dwell Quietly adorning ourselves in a back-room With gowns of lucid gold and gawdy toilets Of stately silk and dainty little slippers.... LYSISTRATA. These are the very armaments of the rescue. These crocus-gowns, this outlay of the best myrrh,

French adorning: ornant, parant. armaments: armements. careful: prudent, soigneux, attentif. dainty: délicat, tendre, aimable. deed: acte, action. dwell: demeurer, demeure, demeurent, demeures, demeurez, demeurons, habiter, loger, loges, logez, logent. eels: anguilles. fate: sort, destinée, fatalité, destin, destination, fortune.

gold: or. henceforth: désormais, dorénavant, à l'avenir. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. myrrh: myrrhe. nasty: méchant, vilain, désagréable, dégoûtant, affreux, épouvantable, perfide, horrible, mauvais, sale, abject. ourselves: nous. outlay: débours, dépenses. rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours,

délivrance. root: racine, enraciner, origine, s'enraciner. silk: soie, soyeux. stately: imposant. toilets: toilettes. utterly: complètement, de manière répandre, totalement, de façon répandre. wise: sensé, raisonnable. wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux.

Aristophanes

13

Slippers, cosmetics dusting beauty, and robes With rippling creases of light.% CALONICE. Yes, but how? LYSISTRATA. No man will lift a lance against another— CALONICE. I'll run to have my tunic dyed crocus. LYSISTRATA. Or take a shield— CALONICE. I'll get a stately gown. LYSISTRATA. Or unscabbard a sword— CALONICE. Let me buy a pair of slipper. LYSISTRATA. Now, tell me, are the women right to lag? CALONICE. They should have turned birds, they should have grown wings and flown. LYSISTRATA. My friend, you'll see that they are true Athenians. Always too late. Why, there's not a woman From the shoreward demes arrived, not one from Salamis. CALONICE. I know for certain they awoke at dawn, And got their husbands up if not their boat sails.

French arrived: arrivé, arrivas, arrivâtes, arrivai, arriva, arrivâmes, arrivèrent, arrivées. beauty: beauté. birds: oiseaux. boat: bateau, barque, canot, embarcation, navire. buy: acheter, achat, acquérir. cosmetics: produits de beauté. crocus: crocus. dawn: aube, aurore, point du jour. dusting: saupoudrage, époussetage.

dyed: teint. flown: volé. gown: robe, toge. grown: crû, grandi. husbands: maris. lag: décalage, retard, persistance. lance: lance. late: tard, tardif, en retard. lift: ascenseur, lever, soulever, élever, portance, se soulever, sustentation. pair: paire, couple, apparier. rippling: ondulation.

sails: voiles, voilure. shield: bouclier, blindage, écran de protection, enseigne, écran, écusson, écu, blinder, protection. slipper: pantoufle, mule. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. tunic: tunique. turned: tournâtes, tournas, tourna, tournai, tournèrent, tournâmes, tourné, retournèrent, retourné, retournâtes, retournas. wings: coulisses, ailes.

14

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. And I'd have staked my life the Acharnian dames Would be here first, yet they haven't come either! CALONICE. Well anyhow there is Theagenes' wife We can expect--she consulted Hecate. But look, here are some at last, and more behind them. See ... where are they from? CALONICE. From Anagyra they come.% LYSISTRATA. Yes, they generally manage to come first. [Enter MYRRHINE.] MYRRHINE. Are we late, Lysistrata? ... What is that? Nothing to say? LYSISTRATA. I've not much to say for you, Myrrhine, dawdling on so vast an affair. MYRRHINE. I couldn't find my girdle in the dark. But if the affair's so wonderfull, tell us, what is it? LYSISTRATA. No, let us stay a little longer till The Peloponnesian girls and the girls of Bocotia Are here to listen. MYRRHINE. That's the best advice. Ah, there comes Lampito. [Enter LAMPITO.]

French advice: conseil, avis, renseignement, conseils. affair: affaire, chose, cas. ah: ah. anyhow: de toute façon. comes: vient. consulted: consultai, consultâmes, consultèrent, consulté, consulta, consultas, consultâtes. dark: foncé, sombre, obscur, obscurité, noir. dawdling: lambinant.

generally: généralement, en général, ordinairement, de façon générale, de manière générale. girdle: ceinture, gaine. girls: filles. late: tard, tardif, en retard. listen: écouter, écoutes, écoute, écoutons, écoutez, écoutent. manage: administrer, diriger, administre, administrez, administrons, administrent, administres, gérer, dirige, dirigent,

dirigeons. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. vast: étendu, ample, vaste, large. wife: femme, épouse.

Aristophanes

15

LYSISTRATA. Welcome Lampito! Dear Spartan girl with a delightful face, Washed with the rosy spring, how fresh you look In the easy stride of your sleek slenderness, Why you could strangle a bull! LAMPITO. I think I could. It's frae exercise and kicking high behint.% LYSISTRATA. What lovely breasts to own! LAMPITO. Oo ... your fingers Assess them, ye tickler, wi' such tender chucks I feel as if I were an altar-victim. LYSISTRATA. Who is this youngster? LAMPITO. A Bœotian lady. LYSISTRATA. There never was much undergrowth in Bœotia, Such a smooth place, and this girl takes after it. CALONICE. Yes, I never saw a skin so primly kept. LYSISTRATA. This girl? LAMPITO. A sonsie open-looking jinker! She's a Corinthian.

French breasts: poitrine, seins. bull: taureau, haussier, spéculateur à la hausse. delightful: délicieux, ravissant, charmant, superbe. fingers: doigts. fresh: frais. kicking: coups de pied au ballon, bottant, puits actif. lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe.

primly: de façon guindée, de manière guindée. rosy: rosé. skin: peau, dépouiller, pelage, fourrure, poil d'animal, revêtement, éplucher, écorcher. sleek: lisser, lisse. slenderness: sveltesse. smooth: lisse, uni, plat, lisser, douce, égaliser, polir. spring: ressort, source, fontaine, sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de.

strangle: étrangler, étrangles, étranglez, étrangle, étranglons, étranglent. stride: pas, faire les cent pas, foulée, enjambée. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. undergrowth: couverture vivante, broussailles. ye: vous, toi, tu. youngster: ado.

16

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. Yes, isn't she Very open, in some ways particularly.% LAMPITO. But who's garred this Council o' Women to meet here? LYSISTRATA. I have. LAMPITO. Propound then what you want o' us. MYRRHINE. What is the amazing news you have to tell? LYSISTRATA. I'll tell you, but first answer one small question. MYRRHINE. As you like. LYSISTRATA. Are you not sad your children's fathers Go endlessly off soldiering afar In this plodding war? I am willing to wager There's not one here whose husband is at home. CALONICE. Mine's been in Thrace, keeping an eye on Eucrates For five months past. MYRRHINE. And mine left me for Pylos Seven months ago at least. LAMPITO. And as for mine No sooner has he slipped out frae the line He straps his shield and he's snickt off again.

French afar: loin. amazing: étonnant, stupéfiant, abasourdissant, surprenant. answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. endlessly: de manière interminable, de façon interminable, infiniment. eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas. fathers: pères. husband: mari, époux. keeping: gardant, élevant, remplissant.

least: moindre, le moins. meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir. mine: mine, mienne. news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle. plodding: cheminant. sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre. shield: bouclier, blindage, écran de protection, enseigne, écran, écusson,

écu, blinder, protection. slipped: glissé. straps: straps. wager: parier, pari. ways: glissière, façons. whose: dont, duquel, de qui. willing: volontaire, disposé, prêt.

Aristophanes

17

LYSISTRATA. And not the slightest glitter of a lover! And since the Milesians betrayed us, I've not seen The image of a single upright man To be a marble consolation to us. Now will you help me, if I find a means To stamp the war out. MYRRHINE. By the two Goddesses, Yes! I will though I've to pawn this very dress And drink the barter-money the same day.% CALONICE. And I too though I'm split up like a turbot And half is hackt off as the price of peace. LAMPITO. And I too! Why, to get a peep at the shy thing I'd clamber up to the tip-top o' Taygetus. LYSISTRATA. Then I'll expose my mighty mystery. O women, if we would compel the men To bow to Peace, we must refrain— MYRRHINE. From what? O tell us! LYSISTRATA. Will you truly do it then? MYRRHINE. We will, we will, if we must die for it. LYSISTRATA. We must refrain from every depth of love....

French betrayed: trahirent, trahi, trahîmes, trahis, trahit, trahîtes. bow: arc, proue, archet, avant, s'incliner, saluer. clamber: grimper. compel: obliger, oblige, obliges, obligeons, obligent, obligez, imposer, contraindre, astreindre. consolation: consolation. depth: profondeur, creux, intensité. expose: exposer, expose, exposes, exposez, exposent, exposons.

glitter: briller, brillant, scintillement. lover: amant, amoureux, maîtresse, amante. marble: marbre, marbrer, bille. mighty: puissant. mystery: mystère. pawn: pion, soldat, gage, emprunter sur gages, mettre en gage. peep: pépier, gazouiller. refrain: refrain. shy: timide, ombrageux. split: fendre, fendu, fente, division,

fractionner, fissure, crevasse, croûte, dédoublement, diviser, fendit. stamp: timbre, estampiller, timbrer, cachet, poinçon, estampille, tampon, estamper, empreinte, tamponner, marque. truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement. turbot: turbot. upright: montant, droit, intègre, honnête, debout, vertical, montant droit.

18

Lysistrata

Why do you turn your backs? Where are you going? Why do you bite your lips and shake your heads? Why are your faces blanched? Why do you weep? Will you or won't you, or what do you mean? MYRRHINE. No, I won't do it. Let the war proceed.% CALONICE. No, I won't do it. Let the war proceed. LYSISTRATA. You too, dear turbot, you that said just now You didn't mind being split right up in the least? CALONICE. Anything else? O bid me walk in fire But do not rob us of that darling joy. What else is like it, dearest Lysistrata? LYSISTRATA. And you? MYRRHINE. O please give me the fire instead. LYSISTRATA. Lewd to the least drop in the tiniest vein, Our sex is fitly food for Tragic Poets, Our whole life's but a pile of kisses and babies. But, hardy Spartan, if you join with me All may be righted yet. O help me, help me. LAMPITO. It's a sair, sair thing to ask of us, by the Twa, A lass to sleep her lane and never fill Love's lack except wi' makeshifts.... But let it be. Peace maun be thought of first.

French babies: bébés. backs: parties arrières, sections arrières. bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. bite: mordre, morsure, bouchée, piquer. blanched: blanchis, blanchîmes, blanchîtes, blanchit, blanchirent, blanchi.

darling: chéri. fitly: de manière adaptée, de façon adaptée. hardy: courageux, robuste. joy: joie, allégresse. kisses: baise, baisers, bisous. lass: fille, jeune fille, gosse. pile: tas, amas, pile, pilotis, pieu, foule, pilot, hémorrhoïde, multitude, masse, empiler. proceed: procéder, procèdes, procède, procèdent, procédez, procédons,

avancer, avancent, avances, avancez, avançons. rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles, pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez. shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle. tiniest: le plus minuscule. vein: veine, filon, veiner, nervure. weep: pleurer, pleure, pleures, pleurons, pleurez, pleurent.

Aristophanes

19

LYSISTRATA. My friend, my friend! The only one amid this herd of weaklings.% CALONICE. But if--which heaven forbid--we should refrain As you would have us, how is Peace induced? LYSISTRATA. By the two Goddesses, now can't you see All we have to do is idly sit indoors With smooth roses powdered on our cheeks, Our bodies burning naked through the folds Of shining Amorgos' silk, and meet the men With our dear Venus-plats plucked trim and neat. Their stirring love will rise up furiously, They'll beg our arms to open. That's our time! We'll disregard their knocking, beat them off— And they will soon be rabid for a Peace. I'm sure of it. LAMPITO. Just as Menelaus, they say, Seeing the bosom of his naked Helen Flang down the sword. CALONICE. But we'll be tearful fools If our husbands take us at our word and leave us. LYSISTRATA. There's only left then, in Pherecrates' phrase, To flay a skinned dog--flay more our flayed desires. CALONICE. Bah, proverbs will never warm a celibate.

French amid: parmi, au milieu de. beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier. bosom: sein, poitrine. celibate: célibataire. cheeks: joues. disregard: négliger. flay: écorcher. flayed: t'écorchas, s'écorcha, vous écorchâtes, m'écorchai, nous

écorchâmes, s'écorché, s'écorchèrent. folds: plie, plisse. furiously: de manière furieuse, de façon furieuse, furieusement. herd: troupeau, bande, troupe, collection, harde, ensemble, are. idly: de manière inactive, de façon inactive. indoors: à la maison. induced: induit, induisîmes, induisîtes, induisit, induisis, induisirent.

knocking: coups, frappant. neat: net, propre. plucked: plumé. powdered: pulvérisé. proverbs: proverbes. rabid: enragé. shining: luisant, brillant. skinned: décortiqué, écorché. stirring: agitation. tearful: éploré. trim: garnir, tailler, décorer, égaliser, ébarber, assiette, rogner.

20

Lysistrata

But what avail will your scheme be if the men Drag us for all our kicking on to the couch? LYSISTRATA. Cling to the doorposts.% CALONICE. But if they should force us? LYSISTRATA. Yield then, but with a sluggish, cold indifference. There is no joy to them in sullen mating. Besides we have other ways to madden them; They cannot stand up long, and they've no delight Unless we fit their aim with merry succour. CALONICE. Well if you must have it so, we'll all agree. LAMPITO. For us I ha' no doubt. We can persuade Our men to strike a fair an' decent Peace, But how will ye pitch out the battle-frenzy O' the Athenian populace? LYSISTRATA. I promise you We'll wither up that curse. LAMPITO. I don't believe it. Not while they own ane trireme oared an' rigged, Or a' those stacks an' stacks an' stacks O' siller. LYSISTRATA. I've thought the whole thing out till there's no flaw. We shall surprise the Acropolis today. That is the duty set the older dames.

French avail: avantage, profiter. besides: en outre, hormis, d'ailleurs, sauf, en prime, et puis, de plus, outre. couch: canapé, divan, presse coucheuse. curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction. decent: convenable, décent, honnête. delight: délice, enchanter, ravir, plaisir. flaw: défaut, paille, imperfection. indifference: indifférence.

madden: rendre fou. mating: accouplement. merry: joyeux, gai. persuade: persuader, persuades, persuade, persuadons, persuadent, persuadez, convaincre, inspirer. pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai. populace: peuple. promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons,

assurer. sluggish: lent, paresseux. stacks: piles. strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir. succour: soulager, secourir. sullen: maussade. surprise: surprendre, surprise. trireme: trirème. wither: se faner, dessécher, se flétrir.

Aristophanes

21

While we sit here talking, they are to go And under pretence of sacrificing, seize it.% LAMPITO. Certie, that's fine; all's warking for the best. LYSISTRATA. Now quickly, Lampito, let us tie ourselves To this high purpose as tightly as the hemp of words Can knot together. LAMPITO. Set out the terms in detail And we'll a' swear to them. LYSISTRATA. Of course.... Well then Where is our Scythianess? Why are you staring? First lay the shield, boss downward, on the floor And bring the victim's inwards. CAILONICE. But, Lysistrata, What is this oath that we're to swear? LYSISTRATA. What oath! In Aeschylus they take a slaughtered sheep And swear upon a buckler. Why not we? CALONICE. O Lysistrata, Peace sworn on a buckler! LYSISTRATA. What oath would suit us then? CALONICE. Something burden bearing Would be our best insignia.... A white horse! Let's swear upon its entrails.

French bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support. boss: patron, chef, maître, bossage, patronne. burden: charge, fardeau, alourdir, lit de fusion, charger, grever. detail: détail, particularité. downward: descendant, vers le bas. entrails: entrailles. hemp: chanvre. horse: cheval, le cheval. inwards: vers l'intérieur.

knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche. oath: serment, juron. pretence: prétexte, simulacre. purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention. sacrificing: sacrifiant. seize: saisir, saisissez, saisissent, saisis, saisissons, agripper, attraper, agrippes, agrippez, agrippent, agrippe. sheep: mouton.

sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds. slaughtered: abattu. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. sworn: juré, jurées. tie: cravate, attacher, lien, nouer, attache, lier, relier, traverse, tirant, liaison. tightly: de manière stricte, de façon stricte.

22

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. A horse indeed! CALONICE. Then what will symbolise us? LYSISTRATA. This, as I tell you— First set a great dark bowl upon the ground And disembowel a skin of Thasian wine, Then swear that we'll not add a drop of water.% LAMPITO. Ah, what aith could clink pleasanter than that! LYSISTRATA. Bring me a bowl then and a skin of wine. CALONICE. My dears, see what a splendid bowl it is; I'd not say No if asked to sip it off. LYSISTRATA. Put down the bowl. Lay hands, all, on the victim. Skiey Queen who givest the last word in arguments, And thee, O Bowl, dear comrade, we beseech: Accept our oblation and be propitious to us. CALONICE. What healthy blood, la, how it gushes out! LAMPITO. An' what a leesome fragrance through the air. LYSISTRATA. Now, dears, if you will let me, I'll speak first. CALONICE. Only if you draw the lot, by Aphrodite!

French add: ajouter, additionner, ajoutes, ajoute, ajoutons, ajoutez, ajoutent, additionnes, additionne, additionnent, additionnons. blood: sang. bowl: bol, cuvette, coupe, jatte, bassin, vasque, cloche de guidage, cloche, boule, cuve, fourneau. clink: choquer, crique, tintement, fissure à chaud, faire tinter, tapure, tapure à chaud. comrade: camarade.

disembowel: éventrer, éventrent, éventres, éventrez, éventrons, éventre. draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises. drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser, baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir. fragrance: parfum, fragrance. ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse,

échouer, motif. hands: mains. healthy: sain, en bonne santé, salubre. lot: lot, sort. oblation: oblation. propitious: propice. sip: absorber. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. splendid: splendide, magnifique. thee: toi, te, vous. wine: vin.

Aristophanes

23

LYSISTRATA. SO, grasp the brim, you, Lampito, and all. You, Calonice, repeat for the rest each word I say. Then you must all take oath And pledge your arms to the same stern conditions— LYSISTRATA. To husband or lover I'll not open arms CALONICE. To husband or lover I'll not open arms LYSISTRATA. Though love and denial may enlarge his charms.% CALONICE. Though love and denial may enlarge his charms. O, O, my knees are failing me, Lysistrata! LYSISTRATA. But still at home, ignoring him, I'll stay, CALONICE. But still at home, ignoring him, I'll stay, LYSISTRATA. Beautiful, clad in saffron silks all day. CALONICE. Beautiful, clad in saffron silks all day. LYSISTRATA. If then he seizes me by dint of force, CALONICE. If then he seizes me by dint of force, LYSISTRATA. I'll give him reason for a long remorse.

French arms: bras, arme. brim: bord, lisière. clad: claddé, vêtu, chemisage, gaine, revêtu. conditions: conditionne. denial: démenti, déni, dénégation, refus. dint: force. enlarge: agrandir, agrandissons, agrandissez, agrandis, agrandissent, étendre, accroître, augmenter, amplifier.

failing: défaillant. force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance, contrainte, faire accepter. grasp: saisir, agripper, compréhension, empoigner, étreindre, prise. ignoring: ignorant, méconnaissant. knees: genoux. lover: amant, amoureux, maîtresse, amante. oath: serment, juron. pledge: gage, nantissement,

promettre, engagement. remorse: remords. repeat: répéter, répètes, répète, répètent, répétons, répétez, reprise, redire, redisent, redisons, redis. rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support. saffron: safran. seizes: saisit, agrippe, empare. silks: couleurs, casaque. stern: poupe, arrière, sévère.

24

Lysistrata

CALONICE. I'll give him reason for a long remorse.% LYSISTRATA. I'll never lie and stare up at the ceiling, CALONICE. I'll never lie and stare up at the ceiling, LYSISTRATA. Nor like a lion on all fours go kneeling. CALONICE. Nor like a lion on all fours go kneeling. LYSISTRATA. If I keep faith, then bounteous cups be mine. CALONICE. If I keep faith, then bounteous cups be mine. LYSISTRATA. If not, to nauseous water change this wine. CALONICE. If not, to nauseous water change this wine. LYSISTRATA. Do you all swear to this? MYRRHINE. We do, we do. LYSISTRATA. Then I shall immolate the victim thus. [She drinks.] CALONICE. Here now, share fair, haven't we made a pact? Let's all quaff down that friendship in our turn. LAMPITO. Hark, what caterwauling hubbub's that?

French bounteous: généreux. ceiling: plafond. cups: cuillères. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. faith: foi. friendship: amitié, camaraderie. immolate: immolent, immoles, immolez, immolons, immole, immoler. kneeling: à genoux, agenouillé,

baraquage. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. lion: lion. mine: mine, mienne. nauseous: nauséabond, nauséeux. pact: pacte. reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner. share: action, partager, part, participer, partie, prendre part, portion, contingent, diviser, débiter, parti aux bénéfices.

stare: dévisager, regard fixe, fixer, regarder fixement, regard. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes. victim: victime. wine: vin.

Aristophanes

25

LYSISTRATA. As I told you, The women have appropriated the citadel. So, Lampito, dash off to your own land And raise the rebels there. These will serve as hostages, While we ourselves take our places in the ranks And drive the bolts right home.% CALONICE. But won't the men March straight against us? LYSISTRATA. And what if they do? No threat shall creak our hinges wide, no torch Shall light a fear in us; we will come out To Peace alone. CALONICE. That's it, by Aphrodite! As of old let us seem hard and obdurate. [LAMPITO and some go off; the others go up into the Acropolis. Chorus of OLD MEN enter to attack the captured Acropolis.] Make room, Draces, move ahead; why your shoulder's chafed, I see, With lugging uphill these lopped branches of the olive-tree. How upside-down and wrong-way-round a long life sees things grow. Ah, Strymodorus, who'd have thought affairs could tangle so? The women whom at home we fed, Like witless fools, with fostering bread, Have impiously come to this— They've stolen the Acropolis, With bolts and bars our orders flout And shut us out. Come, Philurgus, bustle thither; lay our faggots on the ground, In neat stacks beleaguering the insurgents all around;

French appropriated: approprié. bars: barre, barres. bolts: boulons, témoins. bread: pain. bustle: tournure. captured: capturé. chorus: chœur. citadel: citadelle. creak: grincer, grincent, grinçons, grinces, grince, grincez, craquement, craquer, grincement. dash: tiret, trait.

enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. flout: faire fi de, se moquer de. fostering: encourager. impiously: de manière impie, de façon impie. lopped: taillâtes, tailla, taillé, taillèrent, taillas, taillai, taillâmes. lugging: effort anormal, traînant. orders: commandes.

ranks: rangs. rebels: rebelles. sees: voit, scie. shut: fermer, arrêter, fermé. stolen: volé, volés, volée. tangle: chaos, imbroglio, enchevêtrement. thither: là. threat: menace. torch: torche, lampe de poche, lampe torche, flambeau. uphill: montant.

26

Lysistrata

And %the vile conspiratresses, plotters of such mischief dire, Pile and burn them all together in one vast and righteous pyre: Fling with our own hands Lycon's wife to fry in the thickest fire. By Demeter, they'll get no brag while I've a vein to beat! Cleomenes himself was hurtled out in sore defeat. His stiff-backed Spartan pride was bent. Out, stripped of all his arms, he went. A pigmy cloak that would not stretch To hide his rump (the draggled wretch), Six sprouting years of beard, the spilth Of six years' filth. That was a siege! Our men were ranged in lines of seventeen deep Before the gates, and never left their posts there, even to sleep. Shall I not smite the rash presumption then of foes like these, Detested both of all the gods and of Euripides— Else, may the Marathon-plain not boast my trophied victories! Ah, now, there's but a little space To reach the place! A deadly climb it is, a tricky road With all this bumping load. A pack-ass soon would tire.... How these logs bruise my shoulders! further still Jog up the hill, And puff the fire inside, Or just as we reach the top we'll find it's died. Ough, phew! I choke with the smoke. Lord Heracles, how acrid-hot Out of the pot This mad-dog smoke leaps, worrying me And biting angrily.... 'Tis Lemnian fire that smokes,

French biting: mordant, âpre, morsure. boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter. brag: fanfaronner, faire le malin, se vanter. bruise: contusion, meurtrissure, écrasement, contusionner, coup, ecchymose, accroc, amorce étoilée, bleu, blessure, bosse. bumping: combustion pulsatoire. choke: étouffer, suffoquer, piège, duse, étranglement, étrangleur,

boucher, obstruer, engorger, starter. cloak: manteau. dire: terrible. hurtled: lançâmes, lancé, lancèrent, lançai, lança, lançâtes, lanças. leaps: options sur actions à long terme, sauts. mischief: malice. presumption: présomption, supposition. puff: bouffée, souffle. ranged: étendu.

righteous: juste, moral, vertueux. rump: derrière, croupion, culotte, croupe. siege: siège. smite: frapper. smokes: fume. sprouting: pousse. stripped: dégarni, désarmé, dénudé, dépouillé, dépouilla, dépouillâmes, dépouillai, dépouillés. tricky: difficile. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme.

Aristophanes

27

Or %else it would not sting my eyelids thus.... Haste, all of us; Athene invokes our aid. Laches, now or never the assault must be made! Ough, phew! I choke with the smoke… Thanked be the gods! The fire peeps up and crackles as it should. Now why not first slide off our backs these weary loads of wood And dip a vine-branch in the brazier till it glows, then straight Hurl it at the battering-ram against the stubborn gate? If they refuse to draw the bolts in immediate compliance, We'll set fire to the wood, and smoke will strangle their defiance. Phew, what a spluttering drench of smoke! Come, now from off my back.... Is there no Samos-general To help me to unpack? Ah there, that's over! For the last time now it's galled my shoulder. Flare up thine embers, brazier, and dutifully smoulder, To kindle a brand, that I the first may strike the citadel. Aid me, Lady Victory, that a triumph-trophy may tell How we did anciently this insane audacity quell! CHORUS OF WOMEN. What's that rising yonder? That ruddy glare, that smoky skurry? O is it something in a blaze? Quick, quick, my comrades, hurry! Nicodice, helter-skelter! Or poor Calyce's in flames And Cratylla's stifled in the welter. O these dreadful old men And their dark laws of hate!

French anciently: de façon antique, de manière antique. audacity: audace. brazier: brasero. comrades: camarades. drench: tremper. dutifully: de manière dévoué, de façon dévouée. embers: braise. eyelids: paupières. flare: fusée éclairante, arrondi, vaciller, ondoyer, fusée de

signalisation, lumière parasite, torche, fusée lumineuse, scintiller, dévers, évaser. haste: hâte. insane: fou, agité, aberrant, insensé, aliéné. invokes: invoque. kindle: allumer, allumez, allumes, allument, allume, allumons, enflammer. laches: inertie. quell: étouffer, étouffe, étouffent,

étouffes, étouffez, étouffons, suffoquer. smoky: fumeux, enfumé. smoulder: couver. stifled: étouffé, étouffas, étouffèrent, étouffâtes, étouffai, étouffa, étouffâmes. stubborn: têtu, obstiné, entêté, tenace. unpack: déballer, déballe, déballent, déballes, déballez, déballons, dépaqueter. welter: fatras.

28

Lysistrata

There, %I'm all of a tremble lest I turn out to be too late. I could scarcely get near to the spring though I rose before dawn, What with tattling of tongues and rattling of pitchers in one jostling din With slaves pushing in!… Still here at last the water's drawn And with it eagerly I run To help those of my friends who stand In danger of being burned alive. For I am told a dribbling band Of greybeards hobble to the field, Great faggots in each palsied hand, As if a hot bath to prepare, And threatening that out they'll drive These wicked women or soon leave them charring into ashes there. O Goddess, suffer not, I pray, this harsh deed to be done, But show us Greece and Athens with their warlike acts repealed! For this alone, in this thy hold, Thou Goddess with the helm of gold, We laid hands on thy sanctuary, Athene…. Then our ally be And where they cast their fires of slaughter Direct our water! STRATYLLIS. [caught] Let me go! WOMEN. You villainous old men, what's this you do? No honest man, no pious man, could do such things as you. MEN. Ah ha, here's something most original, I have no doubt. A swarm of women sentinels to man the walls without.

French ally: allié, allier. ashes: cendres. burned: brûlé. charring: carbonisation. din: vacarme. dribbling: conduite, conduite du ballon, drible, égouttement. eagerly: de manière avide, de façon avide. helm: gouvernail, barre, timon. hobble: abot, boitiller, entrave, entraver.

jostling: bousculer. lest: de peur que. palsied: paralysé. pious: pieux. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient. rattling: ballottement. sanctuary: sanctuaire, asile, réserve, refuge. scarcely: à peine, de manière rare, de façon rare. slaughter: abattre, abattage, massacre,

tuerie, carnage. slaves: esclaves. swarm: fourmiller, grouiller, essaim, essaimer. threatening: menaçant, sinistre. thy: ton. tongues: langues. tremble: trembler, tremblent, tremblement. villainous: vil, infâme. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. wicked: mauvais, méchant.

Aristophanes

29

WOMEN. So then we scare you, do we? Do we seem a fearful host? You only see the smallest fraction mustered at this post.% MEN. Ho, Phaedrias, shall we put a stop to all these chattering tricks? Suppose that now upon their backs we splintered these our sticks? WOMEN. Let us lay down the pitchers, so our bodies will be free, In case these lumping fellows try to cause some injury. MEN. O hit them hard and hit again and hit until they run away, And perhaps they'll learn, like Bupalus, not to have too much to say. WOMEN. Come on, then--do it! I won't budge, but like a dog I'll bite At every little scrap of meat that dangles in my sight. MEN. Be quiet, or I'll bash you out of any years to come. WOMEN. Now you just touch Stratyllis with the top-joint of your thumb. MEN. What vengeance can you take if with my fists your face I beat? WOMEN. I'll rip you with my teeth and strew your entrails at your feet. MEN. Now I appreciate Euripides' strange subtlety. Woman is the most shameless beast of all the beasts that be. WOMEN. Rhodippe, come, and let's pick up our water-jars once more.

French appreciate: apprécier, apprécie, apprécies, appréciez, apprécions, apprécient, estimer, aimer, aime, aiment, aimes. bash: coup. beast: bête, animal, grosse fusée. budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons. chattering: cliquetis, claquement, bavarder, broutage. dangles: pendille. fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux.

fraction: fraction. host: hôte, amphitryon, aubergiste, hostie, foule. injury: blessure, lésion, préjudice, dégât. meat: viande, chair. quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos. rip: déchirer, déchirure. scare: effrayer. scrap: ferraille, lambeau, chiffon, déchets, débris, fragment, mettre au

rebut, rebut. shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent. smallest: le plus petit. splintered: craquer. sticks: bûches, en bâtons. strew: joncher, jonchent, jonchons, jonche, jonchez, jonches. teeth: dents, denture. thumb: pouce. tricks: truquages. vengeance: revanche, vengeance.

30

Lysistrata

MEN. Ah cursed drab, what have you brought this water for? WOMEN. What is your fire for then, you smelly corpse? Yourself to burn? MEN. To build a pyre and make your comrades ready for the urn.% WOMEN. And I've the water to put out your fire immediately. MEN. What, you put out my fire? WOMEN. Yes, sirrah, as you soon will see. MEN. I don't know why I hesitate to roast you with this flame. WOMEN. If you have any soap you'll go off cleaner than you came. MEN. Cleaner, you dirty slut? WOMEN. A nuptial-bath in which to lie! MEN. Did you hear that insolence? WOMEN. I'm a free woman, I. MEN. I'll make you hold your tongue. WOMEN. Henceforth you'll serve in no more juries.

French build: construire, bâtir, maçonner, charpenter, construction, poser, édifier, version. burn: brûler, brûlure, s'allumer. cleaner: nettoyeur. corpse: cadavre, corps. cursed: maudit. dirty: sale. drab: terne, gris. fire: feu, incendie, tirer, licencier, renvoyer, le feu, partir, suspendre. flame: flamme, flamber.

hesitate: hésiter, hésite, hésites, hésitent, hésitez, hésitons, barguigner, barguigne, barguignent, barguignes, barguignez. hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir. immediately: immédiatement, tout de suite, directement, aussitôt, sitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, de manière immédiate, de façon immédiate. insolence: insolence, effronterie.

ready: prêt, disponible. roast: rôtir, griller, rôti, torréfier. serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons. slut: roulure, salope, pute. smelly: malodorant. soap: savon, savonner. tongue: langue, languette. yourself: vous.

Aristophanes

31

MEN. Burn off her hair for her.% WOMEN. Now forward, water, quench their furies! MEN. O dear, O dear! WOMEN. So ... was it hot? MEN. Hot! ... Enough, O hold. WOMEN. Watered, perhaps you'll bloom again--why not? MEN. Brrr, I'm wrinkled up from shivering with cold. WOMEN. Next time you've fire you'll warm yourself and leave us to our lot. [MAGISTRATE enters with attendant SCYTHIANS.] MAGISTRATE. Have the luxurious rites of the women glittered Their libertine show, their drumming tapped out crowds, The Sabazian Mysteries summoned their mob, Adonis been wept to death on the terraces, As I could hear the last day in the Assembly? For Demostratus--let bad luck befoul him— Was roaring, "We must sail for Sicily," While a woman, throwing herself about in a dance Lopsided with drink, was shrilling out "Adonis, Woe for Adonis." Then Demostratus shouted, "We must levy hoplites at Zacynthus," And there the woman, up to the ears in wine,

French attendant: préposé, gardien, serviteur, surveillant. bad: mauvais, méchant, mal. bloom: fleur, efflorescence, bloom, pruine, bleuissement, floraison. cold: froid, rhume. crowds: foules. dance: danse, danser, bal. drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer. drumming: auscultation du toit, lustrage, mise en fûts.

ears: oreilles. enters: entre, introduit. forward: en avant, avancer, avant. furies: fureurs. hair: cheveux, cheveu, poil, chevelure. levy: levée, prélèvement. libertine: libertin, paillard. luck: chance, fortune, sort, destinée. luxurious: luxueux, somptueux. mob: foule. quench: étouffer, éteindre. roaring: rugissant.

sail: voile, naviguer. shivering: Écaillage, tressaillure, frisson, frissonner. shouted: crié. tapped: entaillé, taraudé. throwing: lancement. warm: chaud, chauffer, cordial, chaleureux. wept: pleuras, pleurâtes, pleurai, pleuré, pleurâmes, pleurèrent, pleura. wrinkled: ridé.

32

Lysistrata

Was screaming "Weep for Adonis" on the house-top, The scoundrelly politician, that lunatic ox, Bellowing bad advice through tipsy shrieks. Such are the follies wantoning in them.% MEN. O if you knew their full effronery! All of the insults they've done, besides sousing us With water from their pots to our public disgrace For we stand here wringing our clothes like grown-up infants. MAGISTRATE. By Poseidon, justly done! For in part with us The blame must lie for dissolute behaviour And for the pampered appetites they learn. Thus grows the seedling lust to blossoming. We go into a shop and say, "Here, goldsmith, You remember the necklace that you wrought my wife; Well, the other night in fervour of a dance Her clasp broke open. Now I'm off for Salamis; If you've the leisure, would you go tonight And stick a bolt-pin into her opened clasp." Another goes to a cobbler; a soldierly fellow, Always standing up erect, and says to him, "Cobbler, a sandal-strap of my wife's pinches her, Hurts her little toe in a place where she's sensitive. Come at noon and see if you can stretch out wider This thing that troubles her, loosen its tightness." And so you view the result. Observe my case— I, a magistrate, come here to draw Money to buy oar-blades, and what happens? The women slam the door full in my face. But standing still's no use. Bring me a crowbar,

French appetites: appétits. blossoming: épanouissement, fleurir, floraison, fleurissant. clasp: agrafe, agrafer, fermoir. cobbler: cordonnier. crowbar: levier. disgrace: disgrâce, honte, déshonorer, déshonneur, disgracier. dissolute: dissolu. erect: fonder, droit, ériger, construire, édifier, bâtir. fervour: ferveur, zèle.

follies: folies. goldsmith: orfèvre. grows: grandit, croît. insults: agonit. justly: justement, de manière juste, de façon juste. loosen: desserrer, desserrez, desserrons, desserres, desserrent, desserre, délier, relâcher. lunatic: aliéné, fou. magistrate: magistrat. necklace: collier.

noon: midi. ox: bœuf. pampered: choyé, choyas, choyâmes, choyai, choyâtes, choya, choyèrent, dorloté, dorlotai, dorlotâtes, dorlota. seedling: plant, semis, plantule. slam: chelem, claquer. tipsy: pompette, gris. toe: orteil, doigt du pied, bout. troubles: gêne, troubles. wringing: tordant. wrought: forgé, travaillé.

Aristophanes

33

And I'll chastise this their impertinence. What do you gape at, wretch, with dazzled eyes? Peering for a tavern, I suppose. Come, force the gates with crowbars, prise them apart! I'll prise away myself too.... [LYSISTRATA appears.] LYSISTRATA. Stop this banging. I'm coming of my own accord.... Why bars? It is not bars we need but common sense.% MAGISTRATE. Indeed, you slut! Where is the archer now? Arrest this woman, tie her hands behind. LYSISTRATA. If he brushes me with a finger, by Artemis, The public menial, he'll be sorry for it. MAGISTRATE. Are you afraid? Grab her about the middle. Two of you then, lay hands on her and end it. CALONICE. By Pandrosos I if your hand touches her I'll spread you out and trample on your guts. MAGISTRATE. My guts! Where is the other archer gone? Bind that minx there who talks so prettily. MYRRHINE. By Phosphor, if your hand moves out her way You'd better have a surgeon somewhere handy.

French apart: particulier, à part, particulièrement, séparément. archer: archer. arrest: arrestation, arrêter, arrêt. banging: claquement, détonation, frapper. bind: attacher, lier, relier, nouer. chastise: châtier, châtions, châtiez, châtient, châtie, châties. finger: doigt, tâter. gape: béer, badauder, bayer aux corneilles, bâiller.

grab: saisir, agripper, grappin, benne preneuse, harpon. guts: boyaux. handy: commode, opportun, convenable, maniable, pratique. impertinence: impertinence, insolence. menial: subalterne. minx: friponne. moves: émeut, meut, mouve, remue. peering: échange de trafic. prettily: de manière jolie, de façon

jolie, joliment. spread: enduire, étaler, étendre, dispersion, écart, diffusion, propagation, se propager, tartiner, se répandre. surgeon: chirurgien. talks: parle. tavern: taverne. touches: touche. trample: piétinement, fouler aux pieds. wretch: malheureux, scélérat.

34

Lysistrata

MAGISTRATE. You too! Where is that archer? Take that woman. I'll put a stop to these surprise-parties.% STRATYLLIS. By the Tauric Artemis, one inch nearer My fingers, and it's a bald man that'll be yelling. MAGISTRATE. Tut tut, what's here? Deserted by my archers.... But surely women never can defeat us; Close up your ranks, my Scythians. Forward at them. LYSISTRATA. By the Goddesses, you'll find that here await you Four companies of most pugnacious women Armed cap-a-pie from the topmost louring curl To the lowest angry dimple. MAGISTRATE. On, Scythians, bind them. LYSISTRATA. On, gallant allies of our high design, Vendors of grain-eggs-pulse-and-vegetables, Ye garlic-tavern-keepers of bakeries, Strike, batter, knock, hit, slap, and scratch our foes, Be finely imprudent, say what you think of them.... Enough! retire and do not rob the dead. MAGISTRATE. How basely did my archer-force come off. LYSISTRATA. Ah, ha, you thought it was a herd of slaves You had to tackle, and you didn't guess The thirst for glory ardent in our blood.

French allies: alliés, allie. ardent: ardant, ardent. await: attendre, attends, attendons, attendent, attendez. bakeries: boulangeries. bald: chauve. basely: de manière base, de façon base. batter: pâte à frire, pâte, fruit. curl: boucle, friser, coiffer, rotationnel, battre, faire tournoyer, boucler, fourche, gode, roulage.

deserted: déserté. dimple: fossette. finely: de manière amende. gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. guess: deviner, supposer, supposition. imprudent: imprudent. inch: pouce. knock: frapper, coup, heurter, cogner, cognement, frappe. lowest: le plus bas.

pugnacious: pugnace. retire: se retirer, retirer, retire, retires, retirent, retirons, retirez. scratch: gratter, égratignure, griffer, éraflure, érafler, rayure, effacer en grattant, écorchure, accroc, griffe, raie. slap: gifle, claque, tape. thirst: soif, avoir soif. topmost: le plus haut, le plus élevé. tut: zut. yelling: hurlement.

Aristophanes

35

MAGISTRATE. By Apollo, I know well the thirst that heats you— Especially when a wine-skin's close.% MEN. You waste your breath, dear magistrate, I fear, in answering back. What's the good of argument with such a rampageous pack? Remember how they washed us down (these very clothes I wore) With water that looked nasty and that smelt so even more. WOMEN. What else to do, since you advanced too dangerously nigh. If you should do the same again, I'll punch you in the eye. Though I'm a stay-at-home and most a quiet life enjoy, Polite to all and every (for I'm naturally coy), Still if you wake a wasps' nest then of wasps you must beware. MEN. How may this ferocity be tamed? It grows too great to bear. Let us question them and find if they'll perchance declare The reason why they strangely dare To seize on Cranaos' citadel, This eyrie inaccessible, This shrine above the precipice, The Acropolis. Probe them and find what they mean with this idle talk; listen, but watch they don't try to deceive. You'd be neglecting your duty most certainly if now this mystery unplumbed you leave. MAGISTRATE. Women there! Tell what I ask you, directly.... Come, without rambling, I wish you to state What's your rebellious intention in barring up thus on our noses our own temple-gate.

French advanced: avancé, poussé, avance. answering: réponse, répondant. barring: barrant, excepté. beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier. dangerously: dangereusement, de manière dangereuse, de façon dangereuse. deceive: tromper, trompe, trompent, trompez, trompes, trompons, tricher, décevoir, triches, trichent, trichez. declare: déclarer, déclarent, déclarons,

déclarez, déclare, déclares. eyrie: aire. ferocity: férocité. idle: inactif, fainéant, ralenti, au repos, inoccupé, paresseux, fainéanter. inaccessible: inaccessible. neglecting: négligeant. nest: nid, nicher, faire son nid. nigh: près, proche. perchance: par hasard. precipice: abîme, précipice, gouffre. probe: sonde, sonder, enquête,

palpeur, explorer, scruter. punch: poinçon, poinçonner, perforateur, perforer, punch, coup de poing, estamper. rambling: décousu, randonnée. rebellious: rebelle, révolté. shrine: sanctuaire, lieu saint, châsse. smelt: éperlan, fondre, fondent, fondez, fondons, fonds. strangely: étrangement, de façon étrange, de manière étrange. tamed: apprivoisé.

36

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. To take first the treasury out of your management, and so stop the war through the absence of gold.% MAGISTRATE. Is gold then the cause of the war? LYSISTRATA. Yes, gold caused it and miseries more, too many to be told. 'Twas for money, and money alone, that Pisander with all of the army of mob-agitators. Raised up revolutions. But, as for the future, it won't be worth while to set up to be traitors. Not an obol they'll get as their loot, not an obol! while we have the treasurechest in our command. MAGISTRATE. What then is that you propose? LYSISTRATA. Just this--merely to take the exchequer henceforth in hand. MAGISTRATE. The exchequer! LYSISTRATA. Yes, why not? Of our capabilities you have had various clear evidences. Firstly remember we have always administered soundly the budget of all home-expenses. MAGISTRATE. But this matter's different. LYSISTRATA. How is it different? MAGISTRATE. Why, it deals chiefly with war-time supplies.

French absence: absence, manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation. administered: administras, administra, administrai, administrâtes, administrèrent, administrâmes, Administré. army: armée, armée militaire. budget: budget, budgétiser, budgéter, budgeter. capabilities: capacités. caused: causé. chiefly: principalement, surtout,

particulièrement, de façon chef, de manière chef. command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande. evidences: évidences. exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public. firstly: premièrement, d'abord, en premier lieu, au commencement. loot: butin, piller. miseries: misères.

propose: proposer, proposes, propose, proposons, proposez, proposent. raised: levé. revolutions: révolutions. soundly: de façon sensée ad, de façon sensée, judicieusement, solidement. supplies: fournitures, approvisionnement, approvisionnements, provisions. treasury: trésorerie, Trésor public, trésor. worth: valeur, mérite.

Aristophanes

37

LYSISTRATA. But we abolish war straight by our policy.% MAGISTRATE. What will you do if emergencies arise? LYSISTRATA. Face them our own way. MAGISTRATE. What you will? LYSISTRATA. Yes we will! MAGISTRATE. Then there's no help for it; we're all destroyed. LYSISTRATA. No, willy-nilly you must be safeguarded. MAGISTRATE. What madness is this? LYSISTRATA. Why, it seems you're annoyed. It must be done, that's all. MAGISTRATE. Such awful oppression never, O never in the past yet I bore. LYSISTRATA. You must be saved, sirrah--that's all there is to it. MAGISTRATE. If we don't want to be saved? LYSISTRATA. All the more.

French abolish: abolir, abolissons, abolissez, abolis, abolissent, supprimer, annuler, suppriment, supprimez, supprime, supprimons. annoyed: chagrinâmes, chagrinai, chagrinas, chagrinâtes, chagriné, chagrinèrent, chagrina, ennuyé, agacé, ennuyèrent, ennuyai. arise: naître, naissons, naissez, nais, naissent, se soulever, surgir, se lever. awful: horrible, abominable, hideux, abject, odieux, terrible.

bore: ennuyer, percer, forer, alésage, lasser, rencontrer, toucher, vrille, calibre, fatiguer. destroyed: détruit, détruisirent, détruisis, détruisit, détruisîmes, détruisîtes, ravageas, ravageâtes, ravageâmes, ravageai, ravagea. madness: folie, aliénation, aberration, affolement. oppression: abus d'autorité, oppression. saved: épargnâtes, épargnas,

épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent. straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne.

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Lysistrata

MAGISTRATE. Why do you women come prying and meddling in matters of state touching war-time and peace? LYSISTRATA. That I will tell you.% MAGISTRATE. O tell me or quickly I'll-LYSISTRATA. Hearken awhile and from threatening cease. MAGISTRATE. I cannot, I cannot; it's growing too insolent. WOMEN. Come on; you've far more than we have to dread. MAGISTRATE. Stop from your croaking, old carrion-crow there.... Continue LYSISTRATA. Be calm then and I'll go ahead. All the long years when the hopeless war dragged along we, unassuming, forgotten in quiet, Endured without question, endured in our loneliness all your incessant child's antics and riot. Our lips we kept tied, though aching with silence, though well all the while in our silence we knew How wretchedly everything still was progressing by listening dumbly the day long to you. For always at home you continued discussing the war and its politics loudly, and we Sometimes would ask you, our hearts deep with sorrowing though we spoke lightly, though happy to see,

French aching: endolori. awhile: pendant quelque temps. cease: cesser, cessent. croaking: coasser, coassement, croassement. discussing: discutant, débattant. dragged: traîné, traîna, traînai, traînâmes, traînas, traînâtes, traînèrent. dread: crainte, redouter. dumbly: de manière muète, de façon muète.

endured: supporta, enduré, supportèrent, endura, endurâmes, endurèrent, supportâmes, supportai, endurai, supporté, enduras. hearts: coeurs. hopeless: désespéré, impossible, sans espoir. incessant: incessant. insolent: insolent, effronté. lightly: légèrement, de manière légre, de façon légre. loneliness: solitude.

loudly: fort, à haute voix, de manière forte, de façon forte, bruyamment. meddling: mêlant. progressing: progressant. prying: fureteur. riot: émeute, baroufle, barouf, bagarre. touching: attendrissant, émouvant, touchant. unassuming: prétention, sans prétention. wretchedly: de manière misérable, de façon misérable.

Aristophanes

39

"What's to be inscribed on the side of the Treaty-stone What, dear, was said in the Assembly today?" "Mind your own business," he'd answer me growlingly "hold your tongue, woman, or else go away." And so I would hold it.% WOMEN. I'd not be silent for any man living on earth, no, not I! MAGISTRATE. Not for a staff? LYSISTRATA. Well, so I did nothing but sit in the house, feeling dreary, and sigh, While ever arrived some fresh tale of decisions more foolish by far and presaging disaster. Then I would say to him, "O my dear husband, why still do they rush on destructlon the faster?" At which he would look at me sideways, exclaiming, "Keep for your web and your shuttle your care, Or for some hours hence your cheeks will be sore and hot; leave this alone, war is Man's sole affair!" MAGISTRATE. By Zeus, but a man of fine sense, he. LYSISTRATA. How sensible? You dotard, because he at no time had lent His intractible ears to absorb from our counsel one temperate word of advice, kindly meant? But when at the last in the streets we heard shouted (everywhere ringing the ominous cry) "Is there no one to help us, no saviour in Athens?" and, "No, there is no one," come back in reply. At once a convention of all wives through Hellas here for a serious purpose

French absorb: absorber, absorbons, absorbez, absorbent, absorbe, absorbes, amortir, disposer de, disposer, assimiler. counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur. dreary: morne, triste, affreux, épouvantable, sombre, maussade, désagréable, désert, désolé, abominable, horrible. exclaiming: exclamant. foolish: sot, idiot, stupide,

abracadabrant, insensé. growlingly: de manière grondemente. inscribed: inscrit, inscrivîmes, inscrivirent, inscrivis, inscrivit, inscrivîtes. kindly: complaisamment, de manière gentille, de façon gentille. lent: prêtâtes, prêtas, prêtâmes, prêtèrent, prêtai, prêté, prêta, emprunté, empruntâtes, empruntas, empruntâmes. ominous: inquiétant.

presaging: présageant. ringing: sonnerie, appel, suroscillation. saviour: sauveur. sensible: raisonnable, prudent, sensé. shuttle: navette, faire la navette. sideways: latéralement. sigh: soupir. sore: ulcère, douloureux, plaie. tale: conte, récit, relation. temperate: sobre, tempéré, modéré. web: toile, web, âme.

40

Lysistrata

was held, To determine how husbands might yet back to wisdom despite their reluctance in time be compelled. Why then delay any longer? It's settled. For the future you'll take up our old occupation. Now in turn you're to hold tongue, as we did, and listen while we show the way to recover the nation.% MAGISTRATE. You talk to us! Why, you're mad. I'll not stand it. LYSISTRATA. Cease babbling, you fool; till I end, hold your tongue. MAGISTRATE. If I should take orders from one who wears veils, may my neck straightaway be deservedly wrung. LYSISTRATA. O if that keeps pestering you, I've a veil here for your hair, I'll fit you out in everything As is only fair. CALONICE. Here's a spindle that will do. MYRRHINE. I'll add a wool-basket too. LYSISTRATA. Girdled now sit humbly at home, Munching beans, while you card wool and comb. For war from now on is the Women's affair. WOMEN. Come then, down pitchers, all, And on, courageous of heart,

French babbling: babiller. beans: noisette. comb: peigne, peigner, crête, rayon. compelled: obligé, obligèrent, obligeâtes, obligeas, obligeâmes, obligeai, obligea, astreintes. courageous: courageux, vaillant. delay: retard, délai, retarder, différer, ajourner, sursis, suspendre, renvoyer, reculer. deservedly: de manière méritée, de façon méritée.

fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot, duper, fou. humbly: humblement, de manière humble, de façon humble. keeps: garde, élève, remplit. mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé. neck: cou, col, collet, goulot, encolure. occupation: occupation, métier, profession, emploi. pestering: importunant. recover: récupérer, récupère, récupères, récupérez, récupérons,

récupèrent, recouvrer, recouvre, recouvres, recouvrez, recouvrons. reluctance: réluctance, répugnance. settled: réglâmes, régla, réglas, réglèrent, réglai, réglâtes, réglé. spindle: axe, fuseau, broche, arbre, tige, pivot, mandrin. veil: voile, voiler. veils: voiles. wisdom: sagesse, intelligence. wool: laine. wrung: tordu.

Aristophanes

41

In our comradely venture Each taking her due part. I could dance, dance, dance, and be fresher after, I could dance away numberless suns, To no weariness let my knees bend. Earth I could brave with laughter, Having such wonderful girls here to friend. O the daring, the gracious, the beautiful ones! Their courage unswerving and witty Will rescue our city. O sprung from the seed of most valiant-wombed grand- mothers, scions of savage and dangerous nettles! Prepare for the battle, all. Gird up your angers. Our way the wind of sweet victory settles.% LYSISTRATA. O tender Eros and Lady of Cyprus, some flush of beauty I pray you devise To flash on our bosoms and, O Aphrodite, rosily gleam on our valorous thighs! Joy will raise up its head through the legions warring and all of the farserried ranks of mad-love Bristle the earth to the pillared horizon, pointing in vain to the heavens above. I think that perhaps then they'll give us our title— Peace-makers. MAGISTRATE. What do you mean? Please explain. LYSISTRATA. First, we'll not see you now flourishing arms about into the Marketing-place clang again. WOMEN. No, by the Paphian.

French angers: angers. bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser. bosoms: seins. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. clang: résonner, retentir. courage: courage, abattage. daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant. devise: legs, concevoir. flash: flash, éclat, clignoter, éclair,

bavure. flourishing: florissant, prospérant, prospère. flush: affleurant, rougeur. gird: boucler, ceindre. gleam: lueur, luire. gracious: gracieux. heavens: cieux. horizon: horizon. nettles: pique, irrite. numberless: innombrable. pointing: pointage.

rosily: de manière rosée, de façon rosée. savage: sauvage. seed: semence, graine, pépin, germe, ensemencer. thighs: cuisses. unswerving: inébranlable. vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole. valorous: vaillant, valeureux. warring: en conflit. weariness: lassitude, fatigue. witty: spirituel, fin, mental.

42

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. Still I can conjure them as past were the herbs stand or crockery's sold Like Corybants jingling (poor sots) fully armoured, they noisily round on their promenade strolled.% MAGISTRATE. And rightly; that's discipline, they-LYSISTRATA. But what's sillier than to go on an errand of buying a fish Carrying along an immense. Gorgon-buckler instead the usual platter or dish? A phylarch I lately saw, mounted on horse-back, dressed for the part with long ringlets and all, Stow in his helmet the omelet bought steaming from an old woman who kept a food-stall. Nearby a soldier, a Thracian, was shaking wildly his spear like Tereus in the play, To frighten a fig-girl while unseen the ruffian filched from her fruit-trays the ripest away. MAGISTRATE. How, may I ask, will your rule re-establish order and justice in lands so tormented? LYSISTRATA. Nothing is easier. MAGISTRATE. Out with it speedily--what is this plan that you boast you've invented? LYSISTRATA. If, when yarn we are winding, It chances to tangle, then, as perchance you may know, through the skein This way and that still the spool we keep passing till it is finally clear all again. So to untangle the War and its errors, ambassadors out on all sides we will

French ambassadors: ambassadeurs. armoured: blindé. conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures. errand: commission, message, course. filched: chipa, chipai, chipâmes, chipas, chipâtes, chipé, chipèrent. frighten: effrayer, effraie, effraies, effraient, effrayons, effrayez, redouter, redoutez, redoutons, redoutes, redoutent. helmet: casque.

herbs: herbes, fines herbes. noisily: de manière bruyante, de façon bruyante, bruyamment. omelet: omelette. platter: plat, met. promenade: promenade. ringlets: anglaises, repentirs. ruffian: apache. skein: écheveau. spear: lance, javelot. spool: bobine, tambour, canette, corps, spoule, bobiner.

steaming: ébouillantage, étuvage, vaporisage, traitement à la vapeur, injection de vapeur, procédé d'étuvage, fumant, stérilisation à la vapeur sous pression. unseen: inaperçu. untangle: démêler, démêle, démêlent, démêles, démêlez, démêlons. wildly: de façon sauvage, de manière sauvage. winding: bobinage, enroulement, enroulage, sinueux.

Aristophanes

43

send This way and that, here, there and round about--soon you will find that the War has an end.% MAGISTRATE. So with these trivial tricks of the household, domestic analogies of threads, skeins and spools, You think that you'll solve such a bitter complexity, unwind such political problems, you fools! LYSISTRATA. Well, first as we wash dirty wool so's to cleanse it, so with a pitiless zeal we will scrub Through the whole city for all greasy fellows; burrs too, the parasites, off we will rub. That verminous plague of insensate place-seekers soon between thumb and forefinger we'll crack. All who inside Athens' walls have their dwelling into one great common basket we'll pack. Disenfranchised or citizens, allies or aliens, pell-mell the lot of them in we will squeeze. Till they discover humanity's meaning.... As for disjointed and far colonies, Them you must never from this time imagine as scattered about just like lost hanks of wool. Each portion we'll take and wind in to this centre, inward to Athens each loyalty pull, Till from the vast heap where all's piled together at last can be woven a strong Cloak of State. MAGISTRATE. How terrible is it to stand here and watch them carding and winding at will with our fate, Witless in war as they are.

French aliens: étrangers. basket: panier, corbeille, nacelle. burrs: barbes. carding: cardage. disjointed: disjoint. dwelling: habitation, demeurant, demeure, domicile, logement, logis, logeant, gîte. forefinger: index. greasy: gras, graisseux. heap: tas, amas, entasser, accumuler, foule, masse, collection, bande,

troupe, ensemble, multitude. insensate: insensible. inward: intérieur, vers l'intérieur. loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme. piled: entassé. pitiless: impitoyable. plague: peste, fléau. portion: partie, portion, part. rub: frotter, récurer, frottement. scrub: broussailles, frotter, maquis, scrub. spools: bobine.

squeeze: presser, serrer, compression, appuyer en écrasant, esquiche, coup de ventouse, pression. threads: fils. trivial: insignifiant, banal. unwind: dérouler, déroule, déroulez, déroulons, déroules, déroulent, dévider, débobiner, dévidons, dévide, dévident. verminous: vermineux. woven: tissé, tissées. zeal: zèle, ferveur.

44

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. What of us then, who ever in vain for our children must weep Borne but to perish afar and in vain? MAGISTRATE. Not that, O let that one memory sleep! LYSISTRATA. Then while we should be companioned still merrily, happy as brides may, the livelong night, Kissing youth by, we are forced to lie single.... But leave for a moment our pitiful plight, It hurts even more to behold the poor maidens helpless wrinkling in staler virginity.% MAGISTRATE. Does not a man age? LYSISTRATA. Not in the same way. Not as a woman grows withered, grows he. He, when returned from the war, though grey-headed, yet if he wishes can choose out a wife. But she has no solace save peering for omens, wretched and lonely the rest of her life. MAGISTRATE. But the old man will often select-LYSISTRATA. O why not finish and die? A bier is easy to buy, A honey-cake I'll knead you with joy, This garland will see you are decked. CALONICE. I've a wreath for you too.

French behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir. choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes. decked: orné, pontée, ponté, ornèrent, ornâtes, ornas, ornâmes, orna, ornai. die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. finish: terminer, termines, termine, terminons, terminez, terminent, finir,

finissent, finis, finissez, finissons. forced: forcé. garland: guirlande. helpless: abandonné, impuissant, délaissé, faible. knead: pétrir, pétrissez, pétrissons, pétris, pétrissent, malaxer, malaxons, malaxez, malaxe, malaxes, malaxent. lonely: solitaire, seul, de manière solitaire, de façon solitaire, isolé. merrily: de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse, joyeusement.

omens: présages. perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer. pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable. plight: situation critique. solace: consolation, soulagement. wishes: vœux. withered: flétri, fané. wreath: couronne. wrinkling: plissement. youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes.

Aristophanes

45

MYRRHINE. I also will fillet you.% LYSISTRATA. What more is lacking? Step aboard the boat. See, Charon shouts ahoy. You're keeping him, he wants to shove afloat. MAGISTRATE. Outrageous insults! Thus my place to flout! Now to my fellow-magistrates I'll go And what you've perpetrated on me show. LYSISTRATA. Why are you blaming us for laying you out? Assure yourself we'll not forget to make The third day offering early for your sake. [MAGISTRATE retires, LYSISTRATA returns within.] OLD MEN. All men who call your loins your own, awake at last, arise And strip to stand in readiness. For as it seems to me Some more perilous offensive in their heads they now devise. I'm sure a Tyranny Like that of Hippias In this I detect.... They mean to put us under Themselves I suspect, And that Laconians assembling At Cleisthenes' house have played A trick-of-war and provoked them Madly to raid The Treasury, in which term I include The Pay for my food. For is it not preposterous

French aboard: à bord. afloat: à flot. assembling: montant, assemblant, assemblage, montage. assure: assurer, assure, assures, assurons, assurez, assurent, certifier, garantir, garantis, garantissent, garantissez. awake: éveillé, réveillé. blaming: blâmant. fillet: filet, cordon, fileter, flanc de raccord.

lacking: pauvre, manquant. laying: pose, posant, ponte, couchant, pondant, levée. loins: reins. offensive: offensant, offensif, offensive, choquant. perilous: périlleux. perpetrated: perpétré, perpétrâtes, perpétras, perpétra, perpétrai, perpétrèrent, perpétrâmes. preposterous: absurde. provoked: provoquâtes, provoquas,

provoquai, provoqua, provoqué, provoquâmes, provoquèrent. raid: raid, razzia, rafle. readiness: disponibilité, empressement. retires: retire. shouts: crie. shove: fourrer, pousser, faire glisser. strip: bande, bandeau, se déshabiller, rayure, dépouiller, raie, déshabiller, bande photographique, bande d'atterrissage, lame, feuillard.

46

Lysistrata

They should talk this way to us On a subject such as battle! And, women as they are, about bronze bucklers dare prattle— Make alliance with the Spartans--people I for one Like very hungry wolves would always most sincere shun.... Some dirty game is up their sleeve, I believe. A Tyranny, no doubt... but they won't catch me, that know. Henceforth on my guard I'll go, A sword with myrtle-branches wreathed for ever in my hand, And under arms in the Public Place I'll take my watchful stand, Shoulder to shoulder with Aristogeiton. Now my staff I'll draw And start at once by knocking that shocking Hag upon the jaw.% WOMEN. Your own mother will not know you when you get back to the town. But first, my friends and allies, let us lay these garments down, And all ye fellow-citizens, hark to me while I tell What will aid Athens well. Just as is right, for I Have been a sharer In all the lavish splendour Of the proud city. I bore the holy vessels At seven, then I pounded barley At the age of ten, And clad in yellow robes, Soon after this, I was Little Bear to Brauronian Artemis; Then neckletted with figs, Grown tall and pretty, I was a Basket-bearer,

French alliance: alliance. barley: orge. bronze: bronze, airain, bronzer. catch: attraper, attrape, attrapes, attrapons, attrapent, attrapez, prise, prenez, prends, prenons, prennent. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. figs: figues. game: jeu, gibier, partie, match. garments: vêtements, habits.

guard: garde, protéger, garder, gardien, contrôleur, préserver, protecteur, dispositif de protection, arrière, chef de train, protection. holy: saint, sacré. hungry: affamé. lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux. pounded: martelé. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. sharer: partageant, portionnaire. shocking: choquant. shoulder: épaule, accotement,

épaulement. sincere: sincère. sleeve: manche, douille, bague, chemise, gaine. splendour: splendeur. tall: haut, grand. watchful: vigilant. wolves: loups. wreathed: tressa, tressâtes, tressas, tressèrent, tressai, tressâmes, tressé, nattèrent, tissèrent, tissé, tissâtes. yellow: jaune, jaunir.

Aristophanes

47

And so it's obvious I should Give you advice that I think good, The very best I can. It should not prejudice my voice that I'm not born a man, If I say something advantageous to the present situation. For I'm taxed too, and as a toll provide men for the nation While, miserable greybeards, you, It is true, Contribute nothing of any importance whatever to our needs; But the treasure raised against the Medes You've squandered, and do nothing in return, save that you make Our lives and persons hazardous by some imbecile mistakes What can you answer? Now be careful, don't arouse my spite, Or with my slipper I'll take you napping, faces slapping Left and right.% MEN. What villainies they contrive! Come, let vengeance fall, You that below the waist are still alive, Off with your tunics at my call— Naked, all. For a man must strip to battle like a man. No quaking, brave steps taking, careless what's ahead, white shoed, in the nude, onward bold, All ye who garrisoned Leipsidrion of old.... Let each one wag As youthfully as he can, And if he has the cause at heart Rise at least a span. We must take a stand and keep to it, For if we yield the smallest bit

French advantageous: avantageux, utile, favorable, propice, intéressant. arouse: réveiller, réveillez, réveilles, réveille, réveillons, réveillent, exciter, éveiller, stimuler. bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. careless: négligent, distrait, étourdi, insouciant. contrive: inventer. faces: faces. hazardous: hasardeux, périlleux,

dangereux. imbecile: imbécile. miserable: misérable, malheureux, pauvre, maussade, vide, pénible, sombre, mauvais, méchant, mal. mistakes: fautes, trompe, erreurs. napping: duvetage, grattage. nude: nu, dénudé. onward: en avant. persons: personnes. prejudice: préjugé, préjudice. quaking: souris trembleuse.

slapping: claques, claquement, gifler. spite: rancune, dépit. squandered: gaspillas, gaspillâtes, gaspillai, gaspillâmes, gaspillèrent, gaspilla, gaspillé. taxed: taxé. toll: péage, sonner. treasure: trésor, cassette. wag: farceur, remuer. waist: taille, corset. youthfully: de façon jeune, de manière jeune.

48

Lysistrata

To their importunity. Then nowhere from their inroads will be left to us immunity. But they'll be building ships and soon their navies will attack us, As Artemisia did, and seek to fight us and to sack us. And if they mount, the Knights they'll rob Of a job, For everyone knows how talented they all are in the saddle, Having long practised how to straddle; No matter how they're jogged there up and down, they're never thrown. Then think of Myron's painting, and each horse-backed Amazon In combat hand-to-hand with men.... Come, on these women fall, And in pierced wood-collars let's stick quick The necks of one and all.% WOMEN. Don't cross me or I'll loose The Beast that's kennelled here.... And soon you will be howling for a truce, Howling out with fear. But my dear, Strip also, that women may battle unhindered.... But you, you'll be too sore to eat garlic more, or one black bean, I really mean, so great's my spleen, to kick you black and blue With these my dangerous legs. I'll hatch the lot of you, If my rage you dash on, The way the relentless Beetle Hatched the Eagle's eggs. Scornfully aside I set Every silly old-man threat While Lampito's with me. Or dear Ismenia, the noble Theban girl. Then let decree Be hotly piled upon decree; in vain will be your labours, You futile rogue abominated by your suffering neighbour

French abominated: abominé, abominâmes, abominèrent, abomina, abominâtes, abominai, abominas. combat: combattre, combat. decree: décret, arrêté, décréter, ordonner. garlic: ail. hatch: écoutille, trappe, hachurer, couvée, éclosion, panneau, éclore, trappe d'accès. hotly: de façon chaude, de manière chaude.

howling: hurlant. importunity: importunité. jogged: trottâmes, trottée, trottèrent, trotta, trottées. loose: détaché, lâche. mount: monter, support, mont, adapter, montage, monture. noble: noble, élevé. nowhere: nulle part. pierced: perçâmes, perçai, perçâtes, perça, percèrent, percé, perças. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter,

rager. relentless: implacable. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. saddle: selle, col, ensellement, sellette, seller. spleen: rate. straddle: ordre lié, enjamber. talented: talentueux, doué. truce: trêve.

Aristophanes

49

To Hecate's feast I yesterday wentOff I sent To our neighbours in Bœotia, asking as a gift to me For them to pack immediately That darling dainty thing ... a good fat eel I meant of course; But they refused because some idiotic old decree's in force. O this strange passion for decrees nothing on earth can check, Till someone puts a foot out tripping you, and slipping you Break your neck.% [LYSISTRATA enters in dismay.] WOMEN. Dear Mistress of our martial enterprise, Why do you come with sorrow in your eyes? LYSISTRATA. O 'tis our naughty femininity, So weak in one spot, that hath saddened me. WOMEN. What's this? Please speak. LYSISTRATA. Poor women, O so weak! WOMEN. What can it be? Surely your friends may know. LYSISTRATA. Yea, I must speak it though it hurt me so. WOMEN. Speak; can we help? Don't stand there mute in need. LYSISTRATA. I'll blurt it out then--our women's army's mutinied.

French asking: demandant. check: chèque, vérifier, contrôle, contrôler, vérification, bride, enrayer, surveiller, réprimer, retenir, cocher. eel: anguille. enterprise: entreprise. fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. gift: cadeau, don. hurt: blesser. idiotic: idiot, stupide. martial: martial. mute: muet, sourdine, commutateur

de sourdine. naughty: vilain, méchant. neighbours: voisins. pack: paquet, emballer, empaqueter, condenser, compresse, bande, tas, tasser, meute. passion: passion, ardeur. puts: met. refused: refusé. saddened: rabattu, attristâtes, rabattîmes, rabattirent, rabattis, rabattîtes, attristas, attristâmes,

rabattit, attristai, attrista. slipping: glissement, patinage. sorrow: abattement, chagrin. spot: tache, endroit, place, point, destination, lieu, salir, localité, souiller, spot, message publicitaire. strange: étrange, singulier, drôle, étranger, bizarre. surely: certes, sûrement, d'abord, si, de manière sûre, de façon sûre. tripping: déclenchement. weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou.

50

Lysistrata

WOMEN. O%Zeus! LYSISTRATA. What use is Zeus to our anatomy? Here is the gaping calamity I meant. I cannot shut their ravenous appetites A moment more now. They are all deserting. The first I caught was sidling through the postern Close by the Cave of Pan: the next hoisting herself With rope and pulley down: a third on the point Of slipping past: while a fourth malcontent, seated For instant flight to visit Orsilochus On bird-back, I dragged off by the hair in time.... They are all snatching excuses to sneak home. Look, there goes one.... Hey, what's the hurry? 1ST WOMAN. I must get home. I've some Milesian wool Packed wasting away, and moths are pushing through it. LYSISTRATA. Fine moths indeed, I know. Get back within. 1ST WOMAN. By the Goddesses, I'll return instantly. I only want to stretch it on my bed. LYSISTRATA. You shall stretch nothing and go nowhere either. 1ST WOMAN. Must I never use my wool then? LYSISTRATA. If needs be.

French anatomy: anatomie. calamity: calamité, plaie, fléau. caught: attrapé, attrapèrent, attrapâmes, attrapai, attrapa, attrapas, attrapâtes, prîmes, prîtes, prit, pris. deserting: désertant. flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor. fourth: quatrième, quart, quarte. gaping: béant. goes: va. hey: hé.

hoisting: levage. hurry: se dépêcher, hâte, presser, être urgent, se presser, se hâter, dépêcher. instant: instant, moment. instantly: directement, aussitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, à l'instant, de manière instante, de façon instante. malcontent: mécontent. meant: signifié. postern: poterne. pulley: poulie. pushing: poussant.

ravenous: vorace. rope: corde, cordage, filin. seated: assis. snatching: arrachement. sneak: cafard, cafarder, se glisser, mouchard, moucharder, rapporteur. stretch: tendre, étirer, étendre, allongement, s'étendre, s'étirer. visit: visite, visiter, visites, visitent, visitez, visitons, aller voir. wasting: gaspillant, gâchant, prodiguant, gaspillage.

Aristophanes

51

2ND WOMAN. How unfortunate I am! O my poor flax! It's left at home unstript.% LYSISTRATA. So here's another That wishes to go home and strip her flax. Inside again! 2ND WOMAN. No, by the Goddess of Light, I'll be back as soon as I have flayed it properly. LYSISTRATA. You'll not flay anything. For if you begin There'll not be one here but has a patch to be flayed. 3RD WOMAN. O holy Eilithyia, stay this birth Till I have left the precincts of the place! LYSISTRATA. What nonsense is this? 3RD WOMAN. I'll drop it any minute. LYSISTRATA. Yesterday you weren't with child. 3RD WOMAN. But I am today. O let me find a midwife, Lysistrata. O quickly! LYSISTRATA. Now what story is this you tell? What is this hard lump here? 3RD WOMAN. It's a male child.

French begin: commencer, commencez, commences, commence, commencent, commençons, débuter, débute, débutent, débutes, débutez. birth: naissance. flax: lin. flay: écorcher. flayed: t'écorchas, s'écorcha, vous écorchâtes, m'écorchai, nous écorchâmes, s'écorché, s'écorchèrent. inside: dedans, intérieur, dans, au milieu de, interne, parmi, en, milieu,

à. lump: masse, bloc, morceau, boule, motte, pièce, grumeau, gros morceau, fragment, bosse, pan. male: mâle, masculin. midwife: accoucheuse. minute: minute. nonsense: absurdité, bêtise, balivernes. patch: rapiécer, pièce, rustine, correction, parcelle, plaque, réparer, tache.

poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre. properly: convenablement, proprement, comme il faut, correctement, de façon convenable, de manière convenable. quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide. story: histoire, étage, récit, conte, relation, intrigue. unfortunate: malheureux.

52

Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. By Aphrodite, it isn't. Your belly's hollow, And it has the feel of metal.... Well, I soon can see. You hussy, it's Athene's sacred helm, And you said you were with child.% 3RD WOMAN. And so I am. LYSISTRATA. Then why the helm? 3RD WOMAN. So if the throes should take me Still in these grounds I could use it like a dove As a laying-nest in which to drop the child. LYSISTRATA. More pretexts! You can't hide your clear intent, And anyway why not wait till the tenth day Meditating a brazen name for your brass brat? WOMAN. And I can't sleep a wink. My nerve is gone Since I saw that snake-sentinel of the shrine. WOMAN. And all those dreadful owls with their weird hooting! Though I'm wearied out, I can't close an eye. LYSISTRATA. You wicked women, cease from juggling lies. You want your men. But what of them as well? They toss as sleepless in the lonely night, I'm sure of it. Hold out awhile, hold out, But persevere a teeny-weeny longer. An oracle has promised Victory If we don't wrangle. Would you hear the words?

French brass: laiton, airain. brat: gosse, morveux. brazen: effronté. dove: colombe, pigeon. dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable. grounds: terrain. hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage. hollow: creux, cavité, caver. hussy: coquine.

intent: intention. juggling: jonglerie. lies: git, ment. nerve: nerf. oracle: oracle. persevere: persévérer, persévères, persévèrent, persévère, persévérons, persévérez, persister. pretexts: prétextes. promised: promîtes, promîmes, promit, promirent, promis. sacred: sacré, saint.

sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer. sure: sûr, certain, assuré. tenth: dixième. toss: lancement, tirage au sort. wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente. weird: bizarre, singulier. wink: clin d'oeil, clignement, faire un clin d'oeil. wrangle: se disputer, se quereller, dispute.

Aristophanes

53

WOMEN. Yes, yes, what is it? LYSISTRATA. Silence then, you chatterboxes. Here— Whenas the swallows flocking in one place from the hoopoes Deny themselves love's gambols any more, All woes shall then have ending and great Zeus the Thunderer Shall put above what was below before.% WOMEN. Will the men then always be kept under us? LYSISTRATA. But if the swallows squabble among themselves and fly away Out of the temple, refusing to agree, Then The Most Wanton Birds in all the World They shall be named for ever. That's his decree. WOMAN. It's obvious what it means. LYSISTRATA. Now by all the gods We must let no agony deter from duty, Back to your quarters. For we are base indeed, My friends, if we betray the oracle. [She goes out.] OLD MEN. I'd like to remind you of a fable they used to employ, When I was a little boy. How once through fear of the marriage-bed a young man, Melanion by name, to the wilderness ran, And there on the hills he dwelt.

French agony: agonie, angoisse, abois. agree: consentir, consentent, consentez, consentons, consens, être d'accord, s'accorder, donner son accord, s'harmoniser, admettre, accepter. base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder. betray: trahir, trahissent, trahissez, trahis, trahissons. deter: dissuader.

duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe. employ: employer, embaucher, user de, se servir de, appliquer, engager. ending: fin, bout, finissant. fable: fable. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. flocking: flocage. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. gods: poulailler.

hills: collines. named: nommé. obvious: évident. quarters: quartiers. refusing: refusant. remind: rappeler, rappelles, rappelons, rappelle, rappelez, rappellent. squabble: se quereller. swallows: avale. temple: temple, tempe. wilderness: désert.

54

Lysistrata

For hares he wove a net Which with his dog he set— Most likely he's there yet. For he never came back home, so great was the fear he felt. I loathe the sex as much as he, And therefore I no less shall be As chaste as was Melanion.% MAN. Grann'am, do you much mind men? WOMAN. Onions you won't need, to cry. MAN. From my foot you shan't escape. WOMAN. What thick forests I espy. MEN. So much Myronides' fierce beard And thundering black back were feared, That the foe fled when they were shown— Brave he as Phormion. WOMEN. Well, I'll relate a rival fable just to show to you A different point of view. There was a rough-hewn fellow, Timon, with a face That glowered as through a thorn-bush in a wild, bleak place. He too decided on flight, This very Furies' son, All the world's ways to shun And hide from everyone, Spitting out curses on all knavish men to left and right. But though he reared this hate for men,

French beard: barbe. bleak: ablette, froid, désagréable, sombre, foncé, maussade, mélancolique, morne. chaste: chaste, continent, pur, pudique. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. feared: craint. fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle. fierce: féroce, violent. fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes,

fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai. foe: ennemi. hares: lièvres. hate: haïr, haine, détester. loathe: abhorrer, abominer, haïr, abhorre, abominez, haïssons, haïssez, haïssent, hais, abominons, abhorrez. net: filet, net, réseau. relate: raconter, conter, racontent, raconte, racontons, racontez, racontes, conte, content, contez,

contons. rival: rival, rivaliser, concourir, concurrent. shun: éviter, fuient, fuyons, fuis, évitons, évitez, évites, évitent, évite, fuyez, fuir. thick: épais, dense, gros. thundering: énorme, tonnerre, tonitruant. wild: sauvage. wove: tissai, tissa, tissèrent, tissâmes, vélin.

Aristophanes

55

He loved the women even then, And never thought them enemies.% WOMAN. O your jaw I'd like to break. MAN. That I fear do you suppose? WOMAN. Learn what kicks my legs can make. MAN. Raise them up, and you'll expose-WOMAN. Nay, you'll see there, I engage, All is well kept despite my age, And tended smooth enough to slip From any adversary's grip. [LYSISTRATA appears.] LYSISTRATA. Hollo there, hasten hither to me Skip fast along. WOMAN. What is this? Why the noise? LYSISTRATA. A man, a man! I spy a frenzied man! He carries Love upon him like a staff. O Lady of Cyprus, and Cythera, and Paphos, I beseech you, keep our minds and hands to the oath. WOMAN. Where is he, whoever he is? LYSISTRATA. By the Temple of Chloe.

French beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite. break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture. carries: porte, transporte. despite: en dépit de, malgré. engage: engager, engagez, engagent, engageons, engages, engage, engrener.

fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême. frenzied: frénétique. grip: agripper, prise, saisir, poignée, grippe, valise, saignée. hasten: hâter, hâte, hâtent, hâtes, hâtez, hâtons. hither: ici. jaw: mâchoire, bec, mordache, mors. kept: gardâtes, gardas, gardé, gardèrent, garda, gardâmes, gardai, élevai, élevèrent, élevé, élevâtes.

legs: jambes. loved: aimé. noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle. slip: glissement, glisser, barbotine, fiche, lapsus, combinaison, cale, bouture, patiner, glissade. spy: espion, épier. suppose: supposer, suppose, supposes, supposons, supposent, supposez. whoever: quiconque.

56

Lysistrata

WOMAN. Yes, now I see him. but who can he be? LYSISTRATA. Look at him. Does anyone recognise his face? MYRRHINE. I do. He is my husband, Cinesias.% LYSISTRATA. You know how to work. Play with him, lead him on, Seduce him to the cozening-point--kiss him, kiss him, Then slip your mouth aside just as he's sure of it, Ungirdle every caress his mouth feels at Save that the oath upon the bowl has locked. MYRRHINE. You can rely on me. LYSISTRATA. I'll stay here to help In working up his ardor to its height Of vain magnificence.... The rest to their quarters. [Enter CINESIAS.] Who is this that stands within our lines? CINESIAS. I. LYSISTRATA. A man? CINESIAS. Too much a man! LYSISTRATA. Then be off at once. CINESIAS. Who are you that thus eject me?

French anyone: n'importe qui. ardor: ardeur. aside: de côté, aparté, excepté. bowl: bol, cuvette, coupe, jatte, bassin, vasque, cloche de guidage, cloche, boule, cuve, fourneau. caress: caresse, caresser. eject: éjecter, expulser, m'éjecte, vous éjectez, t'éjectes, expulses, nous éjectons, expulsons, expulsez, expulse, éjectez-vous. feels: palpe, sent, tâte, ressent.

height: hauteur, altitude, taille. husband: mari, époux. kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise. lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène, menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez. lines: traits, lignes. locked: bloqué, fermé. mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée. oath: serment, juron. recognise: reconnaître.

rely: compter, compte, comptes, comptez, comptons, fions, fiez, fient, comptent. slip: glissement, glisser, barbotine, fiche, lapsus, combinaison, cale, bouture, patiner, glissade. stands: tribune. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole.

Aristophanes

57

LYSISTRATA. Guard for the day.% CINESIAS. By all the gods, then call Myrrhine hither. LYSISTRATA. So, call Myrrhine hither! Who are you? CINESIAS. I am her husband Cinesias, son of Anthros. LYSISTRATA. Welcome, dear friend! That glorious name of yours Is quite familiar in our ranks. Your wife Continually has it in her mouth. She cannot touch an apple or an egg But she must say, "This to Cinesias!" CINESIAS. O is that true? LYSISTRATA. By Aphrodite, it is. If the conversation strikes on men, your wife Cuts in with, "All are boobies by Cinesias." CINESIAS. Then call her here. LYSISTRATA. And what am I to get? CINESIAS. This, if you want it.... See, what I have here. But not to take away.

French apple: pomme, la pomme. call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale. conversation: conversation. dear: cher, coûteux. egg: oeuf. familiar: familier. friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade. glorious: glorieux, fameux.

gods: poulailler. hither: ici. husband: mari, époux. mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée. ranks: rangs. son: fils. strikes: grèves, asséne. touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez. true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste.

wife: femme, épouse. yours: vôtre.

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Lysistrata

LYSISTRATA. Then I'll call her CINESIAS. Be quick, be quick. All grace is wiped from life Since she went away. O sad, sad am I When there I enter on that loneliness, And wine is unvintaged of the sun's flavour. And food is tasteless. But I've put on weight.% MYRRHINE. [above] I love him O so much! but he won't have it. Don't call me down to him. CINESIAS. Sweet little Myrrhine! What do you mean? Come here. MYRRHINE. O no I won't. Why are you calling me? You don't want me CINESIAS. Not want you! with this week-old strength of love MYRRHINE. Farewell. CINESIAS. Don't go, please don't go, Myrrhine. At least you'll hear our child. Call your mother, lad. CHILD. Mummy ... mummy ... mummy! CINESIAS. There now, don't you feel pity for the child? He's not been fed or washed now for six days.

French calling: appelant, appel. fed: alimentas, alimentâtes, alimenté, alimentâmes, alimentai, alimentèrent, alimenta, nourrit, nourris, nourrirent, nourrîtes. flavour: arôme, aromatiser, aromatise, aromatises, parfum, flaveur, aromatisent, aromatisez, aromatisons, saveur. food: nourriture, aliment, alimentation, pâture, aliments. grace: grâce, charme.

hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons. lad: garçon, gosse. loneliness: solitude. mummy: momie. pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer. please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire.

quick: rapide, prompt, vite. sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre. strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique. tasteless: insipide, de mauvais goût, fade, sans saveur, sans goût. washed: lavas, lavâtes, lavai, lava, lavèrent, lavâmes, lavé. wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent.

Aristophanes

59

MYRRHINE. I certainly pity him with so heartless a father.% CINESIAS. Come down, my sweetest, come for the child's sake. MYRRHINE. A trying life it is to be a mother! I suppose I'd better go. [She comes down.] CINESIAS. How much younger she looks, How fresher and how prettier! Myrrhine, Lift up your lovely face, your disdainful face; And your ankle ... let your scorn step out its worst; It only rubs me to more ardor here. MYRRHINE. [playing with the child] You're as innocent as he's iniquitous. Let me kiss you, honey-petling, mother's darling. CINESIAS. How wrong to follow other women's counsel And let loose all these throbbing voids in yourself As well as in me. Don't you go throb-throb? MYRRHINE. Take away your hands. CINESIAS. Everything in the house Is being ruined. MYRRHINE. I don't care at all.

French ankle: cheville. ardor: ardeur. counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur. darling: chéri. disdainful: dédaigneux. follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon. heartless: sans coeur. iniquitous: inique. innocent: innocent. kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise.

loose: détaché, lâche. lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe. pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer. rubs: frotte. ruined: ruiné. sake: saké. scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. step: pas, marche, étape, gradin,

échelon, palier, faire les cent pas, marchepied. throbbing: vibration, palpiter, palpitant. trying: essayant. voids: vides. worst: pire, le plus mauvais. wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal. younger: plus jeune.

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CINESIAS. The roosters are picking all your web to rags. Do you mind that? MYRRHINE. Not I.% CINESIAS. What time we've wasted We might have drenched with Paphian laughter, flung On Aphrodite's Mysteries. O come here. MYRRHINE. Not till a treaty finishes the war. CINESIAS. If you must have it, then we'll get it done. MYRRHINE. Do it and I'll come home. Till then I am bound. CINESIAS. Well, can't your oath perhaps be got around? MYRRHINE. No ... no ... still I'll not say that I don't love you. CINESIAS. You love me! Then dear girl, let me also love you. MYRRHINE. You must be joking. The boy's looking on. CINESIAS. Here, Manes, take the child home!... There, he's gone. There's nothing in the way now. Come to the point. MYRRHINE. Here in the open! In plain sight?

French bound: bond, lié, limite, relié. dear: cher, coûteux. drenched: trempé. finishes: termine, finit, achève. girl: fille, jeune fille, gosse, la fille. gone: allé, parti, allés. joking: plaisanterie. laughter: rire. oath: serment, juron. picking: cueillant, piquant, cueillette, arrachage, battage. plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net,

limpide, évident. web: toile, web, âme. rags: chiffons. roosters: coqs. sight: vue, spectacle, visée, air, apparence, allure, aspect, apercevoir, mire. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. treaty: traité. wasted: gaspilla, gaspillèrent, gaspillâtes, gaspillas, gaspillâmes, gaspillai, gaspillé, prodiguèrent, gâché, gâchâtes, gâchas.

Aristophanes

61

CINESIAS. In Pan's cave. A splendid place.% MYRRHINE. Where shall I dress my hair again Before returning to the citadel? CINESIAS. You can easily primp yourself in the Clepsydra. MYRRHINE. But how can I break my oath? CINESIAS. Leave that to me, I'll take all risk. MYRRHINE. Well, I'll make you comfortable. CINESIAS. Don't worry. I'd as soon lie on the grass. MYRRHINE. No, by Apollo, in spite of all your faults I won't have you lying on the nasty earth. [From here MYRRHINE keeps on going off to fetch things.] CINESIAS. Ah, how she loves me. MYRRHINE. Rest there on the bench, While I arrange my clothes. O what a nuisance, I must find some cushions first. CINESIAS. Why some cushions? Please don't get them!

French arrange: arranger, arranges, arrange, arrangeons, arrangent, arrangez, disposer, disposons, disposez, disposes, dispose. bench: banc, banquette, établi, gradin. cave: caverne, grotte, creux, cave. citadel: citadelle. clothes: vêtements, vêt, revêt, habille, habits. comfortable: confortable. cushions: coussins. dress: robe, habiller, vêtir, panser,

s'habiller, revêtir, dresser, apprêter, habit, habillement, garnir. easily: facilement, aisément, de manière facile, de façon facile. fetch: apporter, amener, amène, amènent, amènes, amenez, amenons, apporte, apportes, apportez, apportent. grass: herbe, gazon. loves: amours, aime. lying: menteur, mensonge, gisant. nasty: méchant, vilain, désagréable,

dégoûtant, affreux, épouvantable, perfide, horrible, mauvais, sale, abject. nuisance: nuisance, ennui. oath: serment, juron. returning: renvoyant, retournant. spite: rancune, dépit. splendid: splendide, magnifique. worry: chagriner, avoir soin de, se soucier de, s'occuper, souci, inquiétude.

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MYRRHINE. What? The plain, hard wood? Never, by Artemis! That would be too vulgar.% CINESIAS. Open your arms! MYRRHINE. No. Wait a second. CINESIAS. O.... Then hurry back again. MYRRHINE. Here the cushions are. Lie down while I--O dear! But what a shame, You need more pillows. CINESIAS. I don't want them, dear. MYRRHINE. But I do. CINESIAS. Thwarted affection mine, They treat you just like Heracles at a feast With cheats of dainties, O disappointing arms! MYRRHINE. Raise up your head. CINESIAS. There, that's everything at last. MYRRHINE. Yes, all. CINESIAS. Then run to my arms, you golden girl.

French affection: affection, amour. arms: bras, arme. cushions: coussins. dear: cher, coûteux. disappointing: décevant, trompant. everything: tout. feast: fête, banqueter, festin. girl: fille, jeune fille, gosse, la fille. golden: doré, en or, d'or. hard: dur, difficile, pénible. hurry: se dépêcher, hâte, presser, être urgent, se presser, se hâter, dépêcher.

lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. mine: mine, mienne. pillows: oreillers. plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. treat: traiter, régaler, soigner, régal, guérir. wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente. wood: bois.

Aristophanes

MYRRHINE. I'm loosening my girdle now. But you've not forgotten? You're not deceiving me about the Treaty? CINESIAS. No, by my life, I'm not.% MYRRHINE. Why, you've no blanket. CINESIAS. It's not the silly blanket's warmth but yours I want. MYRRHINE. Never mind. You'll soon have both. I'll come straight back. CINESIAS. The woman will choke me with her coverlets. MYRRHINE. Get up a moment. CINESIAS. I'm up high enough. MYRRHINE. Would you like me to perfume you? CINESIAS. By Apollo, no! MYRRHINE. By Aphrodite, I'll do it anyway. CINESIAS. Lord Zeus, may she soon use up all the myrrh. MYRRHINE. Stretch out your hand. Take it and rub it in.

French anyway: d'une façon ou d'une autre, de façon ou d'autre, de toute façon, en tout cas. blanket: couverture, couche fertile, déventer, la couverture, nappe. choke: étouffer, suffoquer, piège, duse, étranglement, étrangleur, boucher, obstruer, engorger, starter. deceiving: trompant, trichant. forgotten: oublié. girdle: ceinture, gaine. loosening: desserrant.

myrrh: myrrhe. perfume: parfum, parfumer. rub: frotter, récurer, frottement. silly: idiot, stupide, bête. soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure. straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne. warmth: chaleur. yours: vôtre.

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CINESIAS. Hmm, it's not as fragrant as might be; that is, Not before it's smeared. It doesn't smell of kisses MYRRHINE. How silly I am: I've brought you Rhodian scents.% CINESIAS. It's good enough, leave it, love. MYRRHINE. You must be jesting. CINESIAS. Plague rack the man who first compounded scent! MYRRHINE. Here, take this flask. CINESIAS. I've a far better one. Don't tease me, come here, and get nothing more. MYRRHINE. I'm coming.... I'm just drawing off my shoes.... You're sure you will vote for Peace? CINESIAS. I'll think about it.

[She runs off. ] I'm dead: the woman's worn me all away. She's gone and left me with an anguished pulse. MEN. Baulked in your amorous delight How melancholy is your plight. With sympathy your case I view; For I am sure it's hard on you. What human being could sustain

French amorous: amoureux. anguished: angoissé. brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas. compounded: aggravé. dead: mort. drawing: dessin, dessinant, puisant, étirage, tirage, appâtant, traçant. flask: flacon, fiole. fragrant: parfumé, aromatique,

odorant. human: humain. jesting: plaisantant, plaisanterie. melancholy: mélancolie, mélancolique, abattement, sombre. pulse: pouls, impulsion, pulsation. rack: crémaillère, étagère, grille, arack, casier, râtelier, claie, bâti, armoire, chevalet. runs: court, coule, pistes, runs. scent: odeur, parfum, fumet, parfumer, senteur.

smeared: enduit. smell: odeur, sentir, odorat, flairer, embaumer, exhaler un odeur. sustain: maintenir, appuyer, maintiens, maintiennent, maintenons, maintenez, accoter, appuient, appuyons, appuies, appuie. sympathy: sympathie, compassion. tease: taquiner, agacer. vote: voter, vote, élire, scrutin, voix. worn: usé.

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This unforeseen domestic strain, And not a single trace Of willing women in the place! CINESIAS. Zeus, what throbbing suffering! MEN. She did it all, the harlot, she With her atrocious harlotry.% WOMEN. Nay, rather call her darling-sweet. MEN. What, sweet? She's a rude, wicked thing. CINESIAS. A wicked thing, as I repeat. O Zeus, O Zeus, Canst Thou not suddenly let loose Some twirling hurricane to tear Her flapping up along the air And drop her, when she's whirled around, Here to the ground Neatly impaled upon the stake That's ready upright for her sake. [He goes out.] [Enter SPARTAN HERALD.] [The MAGISTRATE comes forward.] HERALD. What here gabs the Senate an' the Prytanes? I've fetcht despatches for them. MAGISTRATE. Are you a man Or a monstrosity?

French atrocious: atroce. domestic: domestique, intérieur, aborigène, relatif à la maison, national. flapping: battement. harlot: prostituée. hurricane: ouragan, nabot. impaled: empalâmes, empalèrent, empalé, empalas, empalai, empala, empalâtes. monstrosity: monstruosité. rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé.

stake: pieu, poteau, échalas, jalon, piquet, perche. strain: souche, tension, effort, fatigue, tendre. suddenly: soudainement, tout à coup, subitement, soudain, de manière subite, de façon subite, brusquement. suffering: souffrant, subissant, souffrance. sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert. tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure.

throbbing: vibration, palpiter, palpitant. trace: trace, tracer, décalquer, calquer, empreinte, impression, trait, piste, retracer. twirling: tournoiement. unforeseen: imprévu. upright: montant, droit, intègre, honnête, debout, vertical, montant droit.

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HERALD. My scrimp-brained lad, I'm a herald, as ye see, who hae come frae Sparta Anent a Peace.% MAGISTRATE. Then why do you hide that lance That sticks out under your arm HERALD. I've brought no lance. MAGISTRATE. Then why do you turn aside and hold your cloak So far out from your body? Is your groin swollen With stress of travelling? HERALD. By Castor, I'll swear The man is wud. MAGISTRATE. Indeed, your cloak is wide, My rascal fellow. HERALD. But I tell ye No! Enow o' fleering! MAGISTRATE. Well, what is it then? HERALD. It's my despatch cane. MAGISTRATE. Of course--a Spartan cane! But speak right out. I know all this too well. Are new privations springing up in Sparta? HERALD. Och, hard as could be: in lofty lusty columns Our allies stand united. We maun get Pellene.

French allies: alliés, allie. arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme. cane: canne, bâton, roseau, jonc, canner, rotin. cloak: manteau. columns: colonnes. despatch: expédition. groin: aine, épi. herald: Héraut. lance: lance. lofty: haut, élevé.

lusty: vigoureux. rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon. springing: compensation, détente mécanique, agrandissement par explosion du fond d'un trou de mine, bondir, gauchissement, naissance, sautage par mines pochées, retombée. stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser. sticks: bûches, en bâtons.

stress: tension, contrainte, souligner, accentuer, stress, accent, effort, sollicitation. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. swollen: gonflé, enflé. travelling: voyageant, itinérant. united: unîtes, unirent, unis, unîmes, unit, uni, appariai, apparièrent, apparié, appariâtes, appariâmes. wide: large, ample, étendu, vaste, grand.

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MAGISTRATE. Whence has this evil come? Is it from Pan? HERALD. No. Lampito first ran asklent, then the ithers Sprinted after her example, and blocked, the hizzies, Their wames unskaithed against our every fleech.% MAGISTRATE. What did you do? HERALD. We are broken, and bent double, Limp like men carrying lanthorns in great winds About the city. They winna let us even Wi' lightest neif skim their primsie pretties Till we've concluded Peace-terms wi' a' Hellas. MAGISTRATE. So the conspiracy is universal; This proves it. Then return to Sparta. Bid them Send envoys with full powers to treat of Peace; And I will urge the Senate here to choose Plenipotentiary ambassadors, As argument adducing this connection. HERALD. I'm off. Your wisdom nane could contravert. [They retire.] MEN. There is no beast, no rush of fire, like woman so untamed. She calmly goes her way where even panthers would be shamed. WOMEN. And yet you are fool enough, it seems, to dare to war with me, When for your faithful ally you might win me easily.

French adducing: alléguant. argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion. bent: courbé, courbe, courbai, disposition, cambrai, penché. blocked: bloqué. broken: cassé, brisé, rompu. calmly: de manière calme, de façon calme. carrying: portant, transportant. concluded: conclu, conclûmes, conclut, conclus, conclurent,

conclûtes. connection: connexion, raccord, liaison, raccordement, ligue, chaîne de connexion, branchement, rapport, communication, jonction, réunion. conspiracy: conspiration, complot, association de malfaiteurs. double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie. evil: mal, mauvais. example: exemple, ex, modèle. faithful: fidèle, loyal, honnête, droit.

powers: pouvoirs. proves: prouve, éprouve. rush: jonc, ruée, se dépêcher, congestion, afflux, épreuve, afflux de sang, urgent, précipiter, hâte. skim: écrémer, écrémes, écrément, écréme, écrémons, écrémez, écumer, écume, écumes, écumez, écument. universal: universel. untamed: indompté. urge: inciter, presser, être urgent, pousser, exhorter.

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MEN. Never could the hate I feel for womankind grow less.% WOMEN. Then have your will. But I'll take pity on your nakedness. For I can see just how ridiculous you look, and so Will help you with your tunic if close up I now may go. MEN. Well, that, by Zeus, is no scoundrel-deed, I frankly will admit. I only took them off myself in a scoundrel raging-fit. WOMEN. Now you look sensible, and that you're men no one could doubt. If you were but good friends again, I'd take the insect out That hurts your eye. MEN. Is that what's wrong? That nasty bitie thing. Please squeeze it out, and show me what it is that makes this sting. It's been paining me a long while now. WOMEN. Well I'll agree to that, Although you're most unmannerly. O what a giant gnat. Here, look! It comes from marshy Tricorysus, I can tell. MEN. O thank you. It was digging out a veritable well. Now that it's gone, I can't hold back my tears. See how they fall. WOMEN. I'll wipe them off, bad as you are, and kiss you after all. MEN. I won't be kissed. WOMEN. O yes, you will. Your wishes do not matter.

French admit: admettre, admettons, admettez, admets, admettent, avouer, reconnaître, confesser, laisser entrer, permettre. digging: creusant, creusement. doubt: doute, douter. fall: chute, tomber, tombes, tombe, tombez, tombons, tombent, baisse, choir, s'abaisser, s'amoindrir. frankly: franchement, de manière franche, de façon franche. giant: géant, colosse.

gnat: moustique, cousin, moucheron. grow: croître, grandir, cultiver, grandis, grandissent, grandissez, grandissons, croissent, croîs, croissez, croissons. insect: insecte. kissed: baisé, baisées, embrassé, baisée, baisâmes, baisa, baisai. marshy: marécageux. myself: me. nakedness: nudité. ridiculous: ridicule.

scoundrel: canaille, gredin, crapule, fripouille, scélérat, vaurien, chenapan. sting: piquer, aiguillon, piqûre, piquant, dard. tears: larmes. thank: remercier, remercies, remercie, remerciez, remercions, remercient. unmannerly: mal élevé. veritable: véritable. wipe: essuyer, essuient, essuies, essuie, essuyez, essuyons, effacer.

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MEN. O botheration take you all! How you cajole and flatter. A hell it is to live with you; to live without, a hell. How truly was that said. But come, these enmities let's quell. You stop from giving orders and I'll stop from doing wrong. So let's join ranks and seal our bargain with a choric song.% CHORUS. Athenians, it's not our intention To sow political dissension By giving any scandal mention; But on the contrary to promote good feeling in the state By word and deed. We've had enough calamities of late. So let a man or woman but divulge They need a trifle, say, Two minas, three or four, I've purses here that bulge. There's only one condition made (Indulge my whim in this I pray)-- When Peace is signed once more, On no account am I to be repaid. And I'm making preparation For a gay select collation With some youths of reputation. I've managed to produce some soup and they're slaughtering for me A sucking-pig: its flesh should taste as tender as could be. I shall expect you at my house today. To the baths make an early visit, And bring your children along; Don't dawdle on the way. Ask no one; enter as if the place Was all your own--yours henceforth is it. If nothing chances wrong, The door will then be shut bang in your face.

French bang: coup, boum, frange. bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché. baths: bains. cajole: cajoler, cajole, cajoles, cajolez, cajolent, cajolons. collation: collation. contrary: contraire, opposé, contradictoire. dawdle: lambiner, lambinons, lambinez, lambine, lambines, lambinent.

dissension: discorde. divulge: divulguer. flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez. flesh: chair, pulpe. gay: gai, joyeux, homosexuel, enjoué. preparation: préparation, préparatif. promote: promouvoir, promeus, promeuvent, promouvons, promouvez. purses: bourses.

scandal: scandale, agacement. seal: phoque, sceller, sceau, scellé, cachet, cacheter, plomber, joint, obturer. select: sélectionner, sélectionnes, sélectionne, sélectionnez, sélectionnent, sélectionnons, choisir. slaughtering: abattage. soup: soupe, potage. sow: semer, truie, coche, ensemencer. trifle: bagatelle, babiole. whim: caprice.

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[The SPARTAN AMBASSADORS approach.] CHORUS. Here come the Spartan envoys with long, worried beards. Hail, Spartans how do you fare? Did anything new arise? SPARTANS. No need for a clutter o' words. Do ye see our condition? CHORUS. The situation swells to greater tension. Something will explode soon.% SPARTANS. It's awfu' truly. But come, let us wi' the best speed we may Scribble a Peace. CHORUS. I notice that our men Like wrestlers poised for contest, hold their clothes Out from their bellies. An athlete's malady! Since exercise alone can bring relief. ATHENIANS. Can anyone tell us where Lysistrata is? There is no need to describe our men's condition, It shows up plainly enough. CHORUS. It's the same disease. Do you feel a jerking throbbing in the morning? ATHENIANS. By Zeus, yes! In these straits, I'm racked all through. Unless Peace is soon declared, we shall be driven In the void of women to try Cleisthenes. CHORUS. Be wise and cover those things with your tunics. Who knows what kind of person may perceive you? ATHENIANS. By Zeus, you're right.

French beards: barbes. bellies: laine de ventre, flancs, ventres. clutter: fouillis d'échos. contest: concours, contester, disputer. declared: déclaré, déclara, déclarai, déclarèrent, déclarâmes, déclaras, déclarâtes. describe: décrire, décris, décrivez, décrivent, décrivons, représenter, dépeindre. driven: conduit, poussé, pourchassé, piloté, actionné.

exercise: exercice, exercer, instruire, levée, pratique. explode: exploser, explosent, explosez, exploses, explosons, explose, éclater, éclates, éclate, éclatent, éclatez. fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet. hail: grêle, héler, grêler. malady: maladie. notice: avis, remarquer, apercevoir, discerner, préavis, remarque, écriteau, observation, notification, percevoir, placard.

perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. plainly: de manière plaine. relief: soulagement, allégement, relief, relève, secours. speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte. swells: houles, forçage. tension: tension. void: vide, manque, interstice, pore. worried: inquiet.

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71

SPARTANS. By the Twa Goddesses, Indeed ye are. Let's put our tunics on.% ATHENIANS. Hail O my fellow-sufferers, hail Spartans. SPARTANS. O hinnie darling, what a waefu' thing! If they had seen us wi' our lunging waddies! ATHENIANS. Tell us then, Spartans, what has brought you here? SPARTANS. We come to treat o' Peace. ATHENIANS. Well spoken there! And we the same. Let us callout Lysistrata Since she alone can settle the Peace-terms. SPARTANS. Callout Lysistratus too if ye don't mind. CHORUS. No indeed. She hears your voices and she comes. [Enter LYSISTRATA] Hail, Wonder of all women! Now you must be in turn Hard, shifting, clear, deceitful, noble, crafty, sweet, and stern. The foremost men of Hellas, smitten by your fascination, Have brought their tangled quarrels here for your sole arbitration. LYSISTRATA. An easy task if the love's raging home-sickness Doesn't start trying out how well each other Will serve instead of us. But I'll know at once If they do. O where's that girl, Reconciliation? Bring first before me the Spartan delegates,

French arbitration: arbitrage. bring: apporter, apportons, apportes, apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez. callout: légende. crafty: astucieux. darling: chéri. deceitful: trompeur. delegates: délégués, délègue. easy: facile. fascination: fascination.

foremost: premier. hail: grêle, héler, grêler. hears: entend, oit. indeed: vraiment, certes, en vérité, réellement, si, d'abord, en réalité, en effet, en fait, effectivement, voire. instead: plutôt. noble: noble, élevé. quarrels: querelles. raging: déchaîné, déchaînement, furieux, furibond, rage. settle: régler, réglons, réglez, règles,

règlent, règle, s'abattre, s'abaisser, coloniser. shifting: déplacement, désarrimage, ripage. smitten: frappé. sole: sole, semelle, seul, plante, plante du pied, pur. spoken: parlé. stern: poupe, arrière, sévère. tangled: embrouillé. task: tâche, devoir. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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And%see you lift no rude or violent hands— None of the churlish ways our husbands used. But lead them courteously, as women should. And if they grudge fingers, guide them by other methods, And introduce them with ready tact. The Athenians Draw by whatever offers you a grip. Now, Spartans, stay here facing me. Here you, Athenians. Both hearken to my words. I am a woman, but I'm not a fool. And what of natural intelligence I own Has been filled out with the remembered precepts My father and the city-elders taught me. First I reproach you both sides equally That when at Pylae and Olympia, At Pytho and the many other shrines That I could name, you sprinkle from one cup The altars common to all Hellenes, yet You wrack Hellenic cities, bloody Hellas With deaths of her own sons, while yonder clangs The gathering menace of barbarians. ATHENIANS. We cannot hold it in much longer now. LYSISTRATA. Now unto you, O Spartans, do I speak. Do you forget how your own countryman, Pericleidas, once came hither suppliant Before our altars, pale in his purple robes, Praying for an army when in Messenia Danger growled, and the Sea-god made earth quayer. Then with four thousand hoplites Cimon marched

French barbarians: barbares. churlish: grossier. countryman: paysan. courteously: courtoisement, de manière courtoise, de façon courtoise. deaths: morts. filled: rempli, fourré. gathering: réunion, ramassage, rassemblement, cueillage, roulage. growled: grogné. grudge: rancune. hearken: écoutes, écoutez, écoute,

écoutent, écoutons, écouter. intelligence: intelligence, renseignement. introduce: introduire, présenter, présentons, présentez, présentes, présentent, introduis, présente, introduisez, introduisent, introduisons. marched: marché. menace: menacer, menace, gronder. purple: pourpre, violet. reproach: reproche, reprocher,

réprimander, gronder, sermonner, reprendre. sons: fils. sprinkle: asperger, joncher, répandre, saupoudrer. tact: tact, mesure. taught: enseignas, enseignâtes, enseignai, enseigné, enseignèrent, enseigna, enseignâmes, instruisirent, instruit, instruisîtes, instruisis. violent: violent. wrack: varech.

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And saved all Sparta. Yet base ingrates now, You are ravaging the soil of your preservers.% ATHENIANS. By Zeus, they do great wrong, Lysistrata. SPARTANS. Great wrang, indeed. O! What a luscious wench! LYSISTRATA. And now I turn to the Athenians. Have you forgotten too how once the Spartans In days when you wore slavish tunics, came And with their spears broke a Thessalian host And all the partisans of Hippias? They alone stood by your shoulder on that day. They freed you, so that for the slave's short skirt You should wear the trailing cloak of liberty. SPARTANS. I've never seen a nobler woman anywhere. ATHENIANS. Nor I one with such prettily jointing hips. LYSISTRATA. Now, brethren twined with mutual benefactions, Can you still war, can you suffer such disgrace? Why not be friends? What is there to prevent you? SPARTANS. We're agreed, gin that we get this tempting Mole. LYSISTRATA. Which one? SPARTANS. That ane we've wanted to get into, O for sae lang.... Pylos, of course.

French agreed: consentit, consentîtes, consentirent, consentîmes, consentis, consenti, convenu, ça va, soit. anywhere: quelque part, n'importe où. brethren: frères. broke: fauché, cassai, cassés de fabrication. freed: libéré. friends: amis. gin: gin. jointing: assemblage. liberty: liberté.

luscious: succulent. mutual: réciproque, mutuel. prettily: de manière jolie, de façon jolie, joliment. prevent: empêcher, empêche, empêches, empêchez, empêchent, empêchons, prévenir, préviens, prévenez, prévenons, préviennent. short: court. skirt: jupe, embase de blindage. slavish: servile. soil: sol, terre, souiller, salir,

barbouiller. suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis. tempting: tentant. trailing: traînant. wear: usure, porter, avoir, user. wench: jeune fille, gosse, fille. wrang: tordîmes, tordit, tordîtes, tordis, tordirent.

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ATHENIANS. By Poseidon, Never! LYSISTRATA. Give it up.% ATHENIANS. Then what will we do? We need that ticklish place united to usLYSISTRATA. Ask for some other lurking-hole in return. ATHENIANS. Then, ah, we'll choose this snug thing here, Echinus, Shall we call the nestling spot? And this backside haven, These desirable twin promontories, the Maliac, And then of course these Megarean Legs. SPARTANS. Not that, O surely not that, never that. LYSISTRATA. Agree! Now what are two legs more or less? ATHENIANS. I want to strip at once and plough my land. SPARTANS. And mine I want to fertilize at once. LYSISTRATA. And so you can, when Peace is once declared. If you mean it, get your allies' heads together And come to some decision. ATHENIANS. What allies? There's no distinction in our politics. We've risen as one man to this conclusion; Every ally is jumping-mad to drive it home.

French allies: alliés, allie. ally: allié, allier. backside: derrière, postérieur. conclusion: conclusion, résultat. decision: décision, arrêt, résolution. declared: déclaré, déclara, déclarai, déclarèrent, déclarâmes, déclaras, déclarâtes. desirable: désirable, souhaitable. distinction: distinction. drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons,

conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses. fertilize: fertiliser, fertilise, fertilises, amender, fertilisez, fertilisons, fertilisent, fumer, féconder. haven: havre, refuge. heads: têtes. plough: charrue, labourer. politics: politique. return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration,

rendement. snug: confortable, douillet, oreille de châssis, ergot. strip: bande, bandeau, se déshabiller, rayure, dépouiller, raie, déshabiller, bande photographique, bande d'atterrissage, lame, feuillard. ticklish: chatouilleux. twin: jumeau.

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75

SPARTANS. And ours the same, for sure.% ATHENIANS. The Carystians first! I'll bet on that LYSISTRATA. I agree with all of you. Now off, and cleanse yourselves for the Acropolis, For we invite you all in to a supper From our commissariat baskets. There at table You will pledge good behaviour and uprightness; Then each man's wife is his to hustle home. ATHENIANS. Come, as quickly as possible. SPARTANS. As quick as ye like. Lead on. ATHENIANS. O Zeus, quick, quick, lead quickly on. [They hurry off.] CHORUS. Broidered stuffs on high I'm heaping, Fashionable cloaks and sweeping Trains, not even gold gawds keeping. Take them all, I pray you, take them all (I do not care) And deck your children--your daughter, if the Basket she's to bear. Come, everyone of you, come in and take Of this rich hoard a share. Nought's tied so skilfully But you its seal can break And plunder all you spy inside. I've laid out all that I can spare, And therefore you will see

French baskets: paniers. bet: pari, parier, paria. cleanse: purifier, purifie, purifions, purifiez, purifient, purifies, affinier. daughter: fille, la fille. deck: pont. heaping: entassement. hoard: amas. hustle: bousculade, bousculer, presser, hâte. invite: inviter, invite, invites, invitez, invitent, invitons.

laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis. ours: nôtre. pledge: gage, nantissement, promettre, engagement. plunder: piller, ravir, pillage. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient. rich: riche. seal: phoque, sceller, sceau, scellé, cachet, cacheter, plomber, joint,

obturer. skilfully: de manière habile, de façon habile. spare: épargner, économiser, être indulgent, rechange, pièce de rechange. spy: espion, épier. stuffs: bourre. supper: souper, dîner. sweeping: balayage, balayant. uprightness: intégrité.

76

Lysistrata

Nothing unless than I you're sharper-eyed. If lacking corn a man should be While his slaves clamour hungrily And his excessive progeny, Then I've a handfull of grain at home which is always to be had, And to which in fact a more-than-life-size loaf I'd gladly add. Then let the poor bring with them bag or sack And take this store of food. Manes, my man, I'll tell To help them all to pack Their wallets full. But O take care. I had forgotten; don't intrude, Or terrified you'll yell. My dog is hungry too, and bites--beware! [Some LOUNGERS from the Market with torches approach the Banqueting hall. The PORTER bars their entrance.% 1ST MARKET-LOUNGER. Open the door. PORTER. Here move along. 1ST MARKET-LOUNGER. What's this? You're sitting down. Shall I singe you with my torch? That's vulgar! O I couldn't do it ... yet If it would gratify the audience, I'll mortify myself. 2ND MARKET-LOUNGER. And I will too. We'll both be crude and vulgar, yes we will. PORTER. Be off at once now or you'll be wailing Dirges for your hair. Get off at once,

French audience: audience, auditoire. bag: sac, poche, ensacher. clamour: clameur. corn: maïs, cor, blé, grain. crude: brut, cru, vulgaire, grossier, rude, rustique. dog: chien, clébard, toc. excessive: excessif, immodéré, excessive. gladly: volontiers, avec plaisir, de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse. grain: grain, graine, bloc de poudre,

pépin, fil, blé. gratify: satisfaire. hall: hall, salle, couloir, vestibule. hungrily: de manière affamée, voracement, de façon affamée. loaf: pain, miche. mortify: humilier, mortifier. progeny: descendants, progéniture. singe: brûler, flamber. sitting: couvant, s'asseyant, séance, service, sédentaire. store: magasin, boutique, stocker,

entrepôt, entreposer, mémoire, emmagasiner, ôter, enlever, réserve, conserver. terrified: terrifié. unless: à moins que, à moins de, sauf. vulgar: vulgaire, trivial. wailing: triage à la main, gémir, gémissement. wallets: sacoche. yell: clamer, hurler, hurlement.

Aristophanes

77

And see you don't disturb the Spartan envoys Just coming out from the splendid feast they've had. [The banqueters begin to come out.] 1ST ATHENIAN. I've never known such a pleasant banquet before, And what delightful fellows the Spartans are. When we are warm with wine, how wise we grow.% 2ND ATHENIAN. That's only fair, since sober we're such fools. This is the advice I'd give the Athenians— See our ambassadors are always drunk. For when we visit Sparta sober, then We're on the alert for trickery all the while So that we miss half of the things they say, And misinterpret things that were never said, And then report the muddle back to Athens. But now we're charmed with each other. They might cap With the Telamon-catch instead of the Cleitagora, And we'd applaud and praise them just the same; We're not too scrupulous in weighing words. PORTER. Why, here the rascals come again to plague me. Won't you move on, you sorry loafers there! MARKET-LOUNGER. Yes, by Zeus, they're already coming out. SPARTANS. Now hinnie dearest, please tak' up your pipe That I may try a spring an' sing my best In honour o' the Athenians an' oursels. ATHENIANS. Aye, take your pipe.

French alert: alerte, vif, vigilant, actif, alerter. applaud: applaudir, applaudissent, applaudis, applaudissez, applaudissons, acclamer, acclamons, acclamez, acclames, acclament, acclame. banquet: banquet, banqueter, festin. cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle. charmed: charmé. coming: venant.

disturb: déranger, dérange, dérangez, dérangeons, dérangent, déranges, gêner, gênons, gênez, gênes, gênent. drunk: ivre, bu, soûl. honour: honneur, honorer. misinterpret: mal interpréter. move: déplacer, émouvoir, remuer, mouvoir, se déplacer, coup, déménagement, déménager, affecter, mouvement, déplacement. muddle: embrouillage, confusion. pipe: tuyau, tube, pipe, conduite,

retassure. pleasant: agréable, plaisant, charmant, sympathique. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. scrupulous: scrupuleux. sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons. sober: sobre. sorry: désolé. trickery: artifice, ruse. weighing: pesant, pesage, pesée.

78

Lysistrata

By all the gods, there's nothing Could glad my heart more than to watch you dance.% SPARTANS. Mnemosyne, Let thy fire storm these younkers, O tongue wi' stormy ecstasy My Muse that knows Our deeds and theirs, how when at sea Their navies swooped upon The Medes at Artemision— Gods for their courage, did they strike Wrenching a triumph frae their foes; While at Thermopylae Leonidas' army stood: wild-boars they were like Wild-boars that wi' fierce threat Their terrible tusks whet; The sweat ran streaming down each twisted face, Faem blossoming i' strange petals o' death Panted frae mortal breath, The sweat drenched a' their bodies i' that place, For the hurly-burly o' Persians glittered more Than the sands on the shore. Come, Hunting Girl, an' hear my prayer— You whose arrows whizz in woodlands, come an' bless This Peace we swear. Let us be fenced wi' age long amity, O let this bond stick ever firm through thee In friendly happiness. Henceforth no guilefu' perjury be seen! O hither, hither O Thou wildwood queen.

French amity: concorde. bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons. bodies: corps. bond: lien, obligation, liaison, coller, adhérence, titres, lier, bon, cautionnement. breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle. fenced: clôturé. friendly: amical, aimable, gentil, affable, amène, amicalement.

glad: joyeux, content, heureux. happiness: bonheur, félicité. knows: connaît, sait. mortal: mortel. perjury: parjure, faux serment. queen: reine, dame. sands: sables. sea: mer, marin. stick: bâton, coller, canne, bâtonnet, stick, groupe de saut, s'agglutiner, crosse, coincer, baguette. storm: orage, tempête, donner l'assaut.

stormy: orageux. streaming: effet de canalisation. sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer, transpiration, suinter. terrible: terrible, affreux. theirs: leur. triumph: triomphe, triompher. twisted: tordu. whet: aiguiser, aiguise, aiguisons, aiguisez, aiguises, aiguisent. whizz: filer. woodlands: terres boisées.

Aristophanes

79

LYSISTRATA. Earth is delighted now, peace is the voice of earth. Spartans, sort out your wives: Athenians, yours. Let each catch hands with his wife and dance his joy, Dance out his thanks, be grateful in music, And promise reformation with his heels.% ATHENIANS. O Dancers, forward. Lead out the Graces, Call Artemis out; Then her brother, the Dancer of Skies, That gracious Apollo. Invoke with a shout Dionysus out of whose eyes Breaks fire on the maenads that follow; And Zeus with his flares of quick lightning, and call, Happy Hera, Queen of all, And all the Daimons summon hither to be Witnesses of our revelry And of the noble Peace we have made, Aphrodite our aid. Io Paieon, Io, cry— For victory, leap! Attained by me, leap! Euoi Euoi Euai Euai. SPARTANS. Piper, gie us the music for a new sang. Leaving again lovely lofty Taygetus Hither O Spartan Muse, hither to greet us, And wi' our choric voice to raise

French aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance. attained: atteint, atteignîtes, atteignîmes, atteignis, atteignit, atteignirent, parvînmes, parvins, parvenu, parvint, parvinrent. dance: danse, danser, bal. delighted: enchanté, ravi. gracious: gracieux. grateful: reconnaissant. greet: saluer, salues, salue, saluons, saluez, saluent, accueillir, accueillons,

accueillez, accueilles, accueille. hither: ici. invoke: invoquer, invoque, invoques, invoquez, invoquons, invoquent, appeler. joy: joie, allégresse. leap: saut, sauter. lightning: éclair, foudre. lofty: haut, élevé. noble: noble, élevé. promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons,

assurer. raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer. reformation: réforme. shout: crier, cri, pousser des cris. summon: convoquer, appeler, intimer. thanks: remercie, merci, remerciement. victory: victoire.

80

Lysistrata

To %Amyclean Apollo praise, And Tyndareus' gallant sons whose days Alang Eurotas' banks merrily pass, An' Athene o' the House o' Brass. Now the dance begin; Dance, making swirl your fringe o' woolly skin, While we join voices To hymn dear Sparta that rejoices I' a beautifu' sang, An' loves to see Dancers tangled beautifully; For the girls i' tumbled ranks Alang Eurotas' banks Like wanton fillies thrang, Frolicking there An' like Bacchantes shaking the wild air To comb a giddy laughter through the hair, Bacchantes that clench thyrsi as they sweep To the ecstatic leap. An' Helen, Child o' Leda, come Thou holy, nimble, gracefu' Queen, Lead thou the dance, gather thy joyous tresses up i' bands An' play like a fawn. To madden them, clap thy hands, And sing praise to the warrior goddess templed i' our lands, Her o' the House o' Brass.

French bands: bandes. banks: talus, banques. beautifully: de manière belle, de façon belle. clap: claquer, applaudir, applaudissement. clench: empoigner. ecstatic: extatique. fawn: faon, fauve. fringe: frange, lisière, bord, bordure. gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure,

collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter. giddy: étourdi. goddess: déesse. hymn: hymne. lands: cloison, atterrit. nimble: agile. pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler. rejoices: réjouit.

sang: chantas, chantâtes, chantèrent, chantâmes, chanta, chantai. shaking: secouant, ébranlant, ébranlement, secousse. sweep: balayer, balayage, courbure, draguer. swirl: tourbillonner, tourbillon, tournoyer. thou: tu, vous, toi. wanton: dévergondé. warrior: guerrier, militaire. woolly: laineux.

Aristophanes

81

GLOSSARY aboard: à bord abolish: abolir, abolissons, abolissez, abolis, abolissent, supprimer, annuler, suppriment, supprimez, supprime, supprimons abominated: abominé, abominâmes, abominèrent, abomina, abominâtes, abominai, abominas absence: absence, manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation absorb: absorber, absorbons, absorbez, absorbent, absorbe, absorbes, amortir, disposer de, disposer, assimiler absorption: absorption, amortissement abstracted: distrait, abrégé, abstraite, abstrait, abstraits, abstraites abstraction: abstraction, distraction, inattention absurd: absurde, aberrant academic: académique, universitaire, étudiant, scolaire acclamation: acclamation account: compte, considérer, client, relation, rapport, croire, communication, description, être d'avis, addition, penser que achieve: accomplir, atteindre, accomplis, atteins, atteignons, atteignez, atteignent, accomplissons, accomplissent, accomplissez, réaliser achievement: accomplissement, succès, achèvement, action, aboutissement, ouvrage, réalisation, gain, rendement aching: endolori acropolis: acropole acts: agit add: ajouter, additionner, ajoutes, ajoute, ajoutons, ajoutez, ajoutent, additionnes, additionne, additionnent, additionnons adducing: alléguant administered: administras, administra, administrai,

administrâtes, administrèrent, administrâmes, Administré admiration: admiration admit: admettre, admettons, admettez, admets, admettent, avouer, reconnaître, confesser, laisser entrer, permettre admits: admet adolescence: adolescence adonis: adonis adorning: ornant, parant advanced: avancé, poussé, avance advantageous: avantageux, utile, favorable, propice, intéressant adventure: aventure advice: conseil, avis, renseignement, conseils aerial: aérien, antenne aesthetic: esthétique afar: loin affair: affaire, chose, cas affairs: affaires affection: affection, amour afloat: à flot afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé agonized: agonisé, agonisa, agonisai, agonisâmes, agonisas, agonisâtes, agonisèrent, tourmenté, tourmentèrent, tourmentâtes, tourmentâmes agony: agonie, angoisse, abois agree: consentir, consentent, consentez, consentons, consens, être d'accord, s'accorder, donner son accord, s'harmoniser, admettre, accepter agreed: consentit, consentîtes, consentirent, consentîmes, consentis, consenti, convenu, ça va, soit ah: ah ahead: en avant, devant, auparavant, autrefois aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance aim: but, viser, visent, visons, visez, vises, vise, dessein, peiner, avoir pour but, peinons

air: air, aérer, mélodie, air de musique, aria, ventiler alert: alerte, vif, vigilant, actif, alerter aliens: étrangers alive: vivant, en vie alliance: alliance allies: alliés, allie ally: allié, allier alone: seul, seulement along: le long de aloof: distant amazing: étonnant, stupéfiant, abasourdissant, surprenant amazon: amazone ambassadors: ambassadeurs amid: parmi, au milieu de amity: concorde amorous: amoureux amuse: amuser, amusent, amusons, amusez, amuse, amuses analogous: analogue, analogique anatomy: anatomie anciently: de façon antique, de manière antique angers: angers angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux anguished: angoissé animal: animal, bête ankle: cheville annoyed: chagrinâmes, chagrinai, chagrinas, chagrinâtes, chagriné, chagrinèrent, chagrina, ennuyé, agacé, ennuyèrent, ennuyai answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique answering: réponse, répondant antony: Antoine anxious: inquiet, agité, anxieux, soucieux, impatient anyhow: de toute façon anyone: n'importe qui anyway: d'une façon ou d'une autre, de façon ou d'autre, de toute façon, en tout cas anywhere: quelque part, n'importe où apart: particulier, à part,

82 particulièrement, séparément aphrodite: Aphrodite apollo: Apollon apparently: apparemment, évidemment, de manière apparente, de façon apparente appeal: appel, faire appel, recours, pourvoi, appeler, attrait, charme appearance: aspect, apparence, comparution, allure, apparition, spectacle, air appears: apparaît appetites: appétits applaud: applaudir, applaudissent, applaudis, applaudissez, applaudissons, acclamer, acclamons, acclamez, acclames, acclament, acclame apple: pomme, la pomme appreciate: apprécier, apprécie, apprécies, appréciez, apprécions, apprécient, estimer, aimer, aime, aiment, aimes approach: approche, aborder, abord, approcher, s'avancer, démarche, voie d'abord, méthode, s'approcher appropriated: approprié arbitration: arbitrage archer: archer ardent: ardant, ardent ardor: ardeur argue: se disputer, arraisonner, arguer, argumenter argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion arise: naître, naissons, naissez, nais, naissent, se soulever, surgir, se lever arises: naît arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme armaments: armements armed: armé armoured: blindé arms: bras, arme army: armée, armée militaire arouse: réveiller, réveillez, réveilles, réveille, réveillons, réveillent, exciter, éveiller, stimuler arrange: arranger, arranges, arrange, arrangeons, arrangent, arrangez, disposer, disposons, disposez, disposes, dispose arrest: arrestation, arrêter, arrêt arrived: arrivé, arrivas, arrivâtes, arrivai, arriva, arrivâmes, arrivèrent, arrivées arrogant: arrogant, orgueilleux art: art artemisia: armoise ashes: cendres aside: de côté, aparté, excepté ask: demander, demande,

Lysistrata demandent, demandons, demandez, demandes, poser une question, prier asking: demandant assault: assaut, assaillir, attaquer, attenter, donner l'assaut, attentat assembling: montant, assemblant, assemblage, montage assembly: assemblée, assemblage, montage, ensemble, accumulation, assemblée politique, rassemblement assess: évaluer, évalues, évaluez, évalue, évaluons, évaluent assure: assurer, assure, assures, assurons, assurez, assurent, certifier, garantir, garantis, garantissent, garantissez athene: Athènes athens: Athènes atrocious: atroce attack: attaque, attaquer, assaut, accès, assaillir, agresser, agression attacking: attaquant attained: atteint, atteignîtes, atteignîmes, atteignis, atteignit, atteignirent, parvînmes, parvins, parvenu, parvint, parvinrent attendant: préposé, gardien, serviteur, surveillant attention: attention audacity: audace audience: audience, auditoire automatic: automatique avail: avantage, profiter await: attendre, attends, attendons, attendent, attendez awake: éveillé, réveillé aware: conscient, averti awful: horrible, abominable, hideux, abject, odieux, terrible awhile: pendant quelque temps babbling: babiller babies: bébés bacchanal: bacchanale backs: parties arrières, sections arrières backside: derrière, postérieur bad: mauvais, méchant, mal bag: sac, poche, ensacher bakeries: boulangeries balanced: équilibré, balancé balancing: équilibrage, balancement, équilibrant, balançant bald: chauve band: bande, orchestre, bandelette, tranche, zone, fanfare, ruban bands: bandes bang: coup, boum, frange banging: claquement, détonation, frapper banks: talus, banques banquet: banquet, banqueter, festin barbarians: barbares

bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché barley: orge barring: barrant, excepté bars: barre, barres base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder based: basé basely: de manière base, de façon base baseness: bassesse bash: coup basic: basique, de base, fondamental basis: base, assise basket: panier, corbeille, nacelle baskets: paniers bath: bain, baignoire, cuvette baths: bains batter: pâte à frire, pâte, fruit battle: bataille, combat, lutte beans: noisette bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter beard: barbe beards: barbes bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support beast: bête, animal, grosse fusée beat: battement, battre, frapper, heurter, temps, rythme beautiful: beau beautifully: de manière belle, de façon belle beauty: beauté becomes: devient bed: lit, planche, couche, banc bedroom: chambre à coucher, chambre beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier begin: commencer, commencez, commences, commence, commencent, commençons, débuter, débute, débutent, débutes, débutez behaviour: comportement, procédé behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir bellies: laine de ventre, flancs, ventres bellowing: beuglant below: sous, dessous, en bas bench: banc, banquette, établi, gradin bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser beneath: sous, dessous bent: courbé, courbe, courbai,

Aristophanes disposition, cambrai, penché bequeathed: léguas, léguâtes, léguâmes, légué, légua, léguai, léguèrent beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite besides: en outre, hormis, d'ailleurs, sauf, en prime, et puis, de plus, outre bestial: bestial bet: pari, parier, paria betray: trahir, trahissent, trahissez, trahis, trahissons betrayed: trahirent, trahi, trahîmes, trahis, trahit, trahîtes beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier bewildering: ahurissant, effarant beyond: plus loin, après, outre, ensuite bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères bind: attacher, lier, relier, nouer birds: oiseaux birth: naissance bit: bit, morceau, pièce, fragment, mors, pan, bout, embout, taillant, mordis, mordit bite: mordre, morsure, bouchée, piquer biting: mordant, âpre, morsure bitter: amer, âcre, acerbe blame: blâme, reprocher, gronder, blâmer, sermonner, réprimander, reprendre blaming: blâmant blanched: blanchis, blanchîmes, blanchîtes, blanchit, blanchirent, blanchi blank: blanc, vide, formulaire, espace, ébauche, vierge, lopin, flan blanket: couverture, couche fertile, déventer, la couverture, nappe blaze: flamme, feu, flamber bleak: ablette, froid, désagréable, sombre, foncé, maussade, mélancolique, morne bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons block: bloc, bloquer, bûche, boucher, poulie, îlot, se mettre en travers, raccommoder, barrer, cale, blocage blocked: bloqué blood: sang bloody: sanglant bloom: fleur, efflorescence, bloom, pruine, bleuissement, floraison blossoming: épanouissement, fleurir,

floraison, fleurissant blue: bleu, azur blur: estomper, flou boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter boat: bateau, barque, canot, embarcation, navire bodied: épaissi bodies: corps bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide bolts: boulons, témoins bombast: grandiloquence bond: lien, obligation, liaison, coller, adhérence, titres, lier, bon, cautionnement bore: ennuyer, percer, forer, alésage, lasser, rencontrer, toucher, vrille, calibre, fatiguer born: né bosom: sein, poitrine bosoms: seins boss: patron, chef, maître, bossage, patronne bought: acheté bound: bond, lié, limite, relié bounteous: généreux bow: arc, proue, archet, avant, s'incliner, saluer bowl: bol, cuvette, coupe, jatte, bassin, vasque, cloche de guidage, cloche, boule, cuve, fourneau boy: garçon, gosse, serviteur, domestique, gamin brag: fanfaronner, faire le malin, se vanter branch: branche, succursale, filiale, spécialité, rameau, domaine, apophyse, branchement, bureau, embranchement, ramification brand: marque, marquer brass: laiton, airain brat: gosse, morveux brave: courageux, vaillant, brave brazen: effronté brazier: brasero bread: pain breadth: largeur, travers break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture breaks: brise, casse, rompt breasts: poitrine, seins breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle brethren: frères bridge: pont, passerelle, traverse, arête, chevalet, bridge brightly: de manière claire, de façon claire brim: bord, lisière bring: apporter, apportons, apportes,

83 apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez bristle: soie, crin, poil broad: large, ample broke: fauché, cassai, cassés de fabrication broken: cassé, brisé, rompu bronze: bronze, airain, bronzer brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas bruise: contusion, meurtrissure, écrasement, contusionner, coup, ecchymose, accroc, amorce étoilée, bleu, blessure, bosse budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons budget: budget, budgétiser, budgéter, budgeter build: construire, bâtir, maçonner, charpenter, construction, poser, édifier, version building: bâtiment, construction, édifice bull: taureau, haussier, spéculateur à la hausse bumping: combustion pulsatoire burden: charge, fardeau, alourdir, lit de fusion, charger, grever burn: brûler, brûlure, s'allumer burned: brûlé burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure burrs: barbes bustle: tournure buy: acheter, achat, acquérir buying: achat cajole: cajoler, cajole, cajoles, cajolez, cajolent, cajolons calamity: calamité, plaie, fléau call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale calling: appelant, appel callout: légende calm: calme, tranquille, calmer, abattre, paisible, quiet, rassurer, repos, accalmie, tranquilliser calmly: de manière calme, de façon calme cane: canne, bâton, roseau, jonc, canner, rotin cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle capabilities: capacités captured: capturé

84 card: carte, fiche, carde carding: cardage careful: prudent, soigneux, attentif careless: négligent, distrait, étourdi, insouciant caress: caresse, caresser carries: porte, transporte carrying: portant, transportant cast: fondre, moule, coulée, couler, distribution, acteurs, plâtre castor: roulette catch: attraper, attrape, attrapes, attrapons, attrapent, attrapez, prise, prenez, prends, prenons, prennent caught: attrapé, attrapèrent, attrapâmes, attrapai, attrapa, attrapas, attrapâtes, prîmes, prîtes, prit, pris cause: cause, causer, faire, rendre, déterminer, procurer, entraîner des conséquences, situer, occasionner, motif caused: causé cave: caverne, grotte, creux, cave cease: cesser, cessent ceased: cessé ceases: cesse ceiling: plafond celibate: célibataire central: central certainly: certainement, certes, assurément, sûrement, d'abord, si, de manière certaine, de façon certaine changed: changé changing: changeant, changement character: caractère, personnage, signe, nature, témoignage, tempérament characteristics: caractéristiques charm: charme, amulette, ravir, charmer, breloque charmed: charmé charring: carbonisation chaste: chaste, continent, pur, pudique chastise: châtier, châtions, châtiez, châtient, châtie, châties chatter: bavarder, babiller, broutage, bavardage chattering: cliquetis, claquement, bavarder, broutage check: chèque, vérifier, contrôle, contrôler, vérification, bride, enrayer, surveiller, réprimer, retenir, cocher cheeks: joues chief: chef, principal, dominant chiefly: principalement, surtout, particulièrement, de façon chef, de manière chef choke: étouffer, suffoquer, piège,

Lysistrata duse, étranglement, étrangleur, boucher, obstruer, engorger, starter choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes chorus: chœur christianity: christianisme chronicle: chronique churlish: grossier citadel: citadelle cities: villes clad: claddé, vêtu, chemisage, gaine, revêtu claim: créance, réclamer, revendication, demande, demander, exiger, revendiquer, requérir claimed: réclamé clamber: grimper clamour: clameur clang: résonner, retentir clap: claquer, applaudir, applaudissement clasp: agrafe, agrafer, fermoir cleaner: nettoyeur cleanse: purifier, purifie, purifions, purifiez, purifient, purifies, affinier clench: empoigner cleopatra: Cléopâtre clepsydra: clepsydre climb: grimper, gravir, monter, montée clink: choquer, crique, tintement, fissure à chaud, faire tinter, tapure, tapure à chaud cloak: manteau close: fermer, ferment, ferme, fermons, fermez, fermes, proche, près, auprès, intime, prochaine clothes: vêtements, vêt, revêt, habille, habits cluster: grappe, groupe, barillet, amas clutter: fouillis d'échos coarseness: grossièreté cobbler: cordonnier cold: froid, rhume collation: collation colour: couleur, teinte, colorier, colorant columns: colonnes comb: peigne, peigner, crête, rayon combat: combattre, combat comedies: comédies comes: vient comfortable: confortable coming: venant command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande common: commun, ordinaire, vulgaire comparatively: comparativement, de

manière comparative, de façon comparative compel: obliger, oblige, obliges, obligeons, obligent, obligez, imposer, contraindre, astreindre compelled: obligé, obligèrent, obligeâtes, obligeas, obligeâmes, obligeai, obligea, astreintes complete: complet, compléter, entier, remplir, parfaire, finir completed: complété completely: complètement, entièrement, de manière complète, de façon complète complex: complexe complexity: complexité compliance: conformité, souplesse, élasticité, acquiescement compounded: aggravé comrade: camarade comrades: camarades conception: conception concerns: concerne concluded: conclu, conclûmes, conclut, conclus, conclurent, conclûtes conclusion: conclusion, résultat condition: condition, état, conditionner, situation, manière d'être conditions: conditionne conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures connected: connecté, connectèrent, connectai, connectâmes, connectas, connectâtes, connecta, cohérent, branché, abouché, abouchèrent connection: connexion, raccord, liaison, raccordement, ligue, chaîne de connexion, branchement, rapport, communication, jonction, réunion consciously: consciemment, de manière consciente, de façon consciente consciousness: conscience, connaissance consequently: ensuite, donc, de manière conséquente, de façon conséquente, par conséquent considered: considéré, considérèrent, considérâmes, considéra, considérai, considéras, considérâtes, envisagé consolation: consolation conspicuous: apparent, visible conspiracy: conspiration, complot, association de malfaiteurs constitute: constituer, constituons, constituez, constituent, constitue, constitues constructive: constructif

Aristophanes construe: analyser consulted: consultai, consultâmes, consultèrent, consulté, consulta, consultas, consultâtes contact: contact, contacter, contactez, s'aboucher avec contemporary: contemporain contest: concours, contester, disputer continually: continuellement, de manière continuelle, de façon continuelle continue: continuer, continuez, continuent, continuons, continues, continue, durer, dure, durent, dures, durez continued: continuèrent, continua, continuâmes, continué, continuai, continuas, continuâtes, durèrent, dura, durai, durâmes contours: profil contrary: contraire, opposé, contradictoire contrast: contraste, contraster contribute: contribuer, contribuent, contribuez, contribuons, contribue, contribues, cotiser contrive: inventer convention: congrès, convention conversation: conversation core: noyau, coeur, âme, centre, trognon, carotte, tore, mandrin corinthian: corinthien corn: maïs, cor, blé, grain corpse: cadavre, corps cosmetics: produits de beauté couch: canapé, divan, presse coucheuse counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur countryman: paysan courage: courage, abattage courageous: courageux, vaillant courageously: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse course: cours, plat, route, parcours, direction, trivial, leçon, piste, met, course, assise courteously: courtoisement, de manière courtoise, de façon courtoise cover: couverture, couvrir, recouvrir, couvercle, revêtir, parcourir, tapisser, abattre, protéger, enveloppe, couvert crack: fissure, craquer, fente, craquement, fêlure, crevasse, crack, crique, gercer, gerçure, fêler crafty: astucieux creak: grincer, grincent, grinçons, grinces, grince, grincez, craquement, craquer, grincement

creation: création creative: créatif, créateur croaking: coasser, coassement, croassement crocus: crocus cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez crowbar: levier crowds: foules crude: brut, cru, vulgaire, grossier, rude, rustique cruelly: cruellement, de manière cruelle, de façon cruelle cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir cup: tasse, coupe, godet cups: cuillères curious: curieux, intéressant, singulier curl: boucle, friser, coiffer, rotationnel, battre, faire tournoyer, boucler, fourche, gode, roulage curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction cursed: maudit cushions: coussins custom: coutume, habitude, usage customs: douane, moeurs cuts: coupures, coupes, chutes, coupe cycle: cycle, bicyclette, vélo, bécane, manœuvrer cyprus: Chypre dainty: délicat, tendre, aimable dance: danse, danser, bal dancer: danseur, danseuse danger: danger, péril dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable dangerously: dangereusement, de manière dangereuse, de façon dangereuse dangles: pendille dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant dark: foncé, sombre, obscur, obscurité, noir darling: chéri dash: tiret, trait daughter: fille, la fille dawdle: lambiner, lambinons, lambinez, lambine, lambines, lambinent dawdling: lambinant dawn: aube, aurore, point du jour dead: mort deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte dear: cher, coûteux

85 deaths: morts deceitful: trompeur deceive: tromper, trompe, trompent, trompez, trompes, trompons, tricher, décevoir, triches, trichent, trichez deceiving: trompant, trichant decent: convenable, décent, honnête decide: décider, décidons, décidez, décident, décide, décides decided: décidé, décidai, décidâmes, décidèrent, décida, décidas, décidâtes decision: décision, arrêt, résolution deck: pont decked: orné, pontée, ponté, ornèrent, ornâtes, ornas, ornâmes, orna, ornai declare: déclarer, déclarent, déclarons, déclarez, déclare, déclares declared: déclaré, déclara, déclarai, déclarèrent, déclarâmes, déclaras, déclarâtes decree: décret, arrêté, décréter, ordonner deed: acte, action deep: profond deeper: plusieurs traductions selon le contexte defeat: défaite, vaincre, abattre, surmonter definite: définitif, défini, ferme definition: définition defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque delay: retard, délai, retarder, différer, ajourner, sursis, suspendre, renvoyer, reculer delegates: délégués, délègue deliberation: délibération delicately: de manière délicate, de façon délicate delight: délice, enchanter, ravir, plaisir delighted: enchanté, ravi delightful: délicieux, ravissant, charmant, superbe delirium: délire, transport demagogue: démagogue denial: démenti, déni, dénégation, refus deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier depth: profondeur, creux, intensité deride: bernez, bernent, berner, bernons, berne, bernes derogatory: dérogatoire descend: descendre, descendons, descendent, descendez, descends,

86 baisser, s'abaisser describe: décrire, décris, décrivez, décrivent, décrivons, représenter, dépeindre deserted: déserté deserting: désertant deservedly: de manière méritée, de façon méritée deserves: mérite design: dessin, conception, projet, dessiner, plan, concevoir, esquisse, modèle, élaborer, design, dessein desirable: désirable, souhaitable desire: désir, désirer, souhait, souhaiter, envie desired: désiré despatch: expédition desperate: désespéré despite: en dépit de, malgré destroy: détruire, détruisez, détruisent, détruisons, détruis, ravager, démolir, ravages, ravageons, ravagent, ravage destroyed: détruit, détruisirent, détruisis, détruisit, détruisîmes, détruisîtes, ravageas, ravageâtes, ravageâmes, ravageai, ravagea detail: détail, particularité detects: détecte deter: dissuader determine: déterminer, déterminons, déterminez, déterminent, détermine, détermines, définir, fixer, attacher detested: détesté, détestâmes, détestai, détestèrent, détesta, détestas, détestâtes devise: legs, concevoir dictated: dicta, dictèrent, dictâmes, dictai, dicté, dictâtes, dictas die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes died: mort, moururent, mourûmes, mourut, mourus, mourûtes, décédai, décédâtes, décédé, décédas, décédâmes digging: creusant, creusement dignified: digne dimple: fossette din: vacarme dint: force dip: tremper, inclinaison, pendage, sauce, trempette, pente, plongée, plonger, immersion dire: terrible direct: direct, diriger, guider, droit, régler directing: direct, diriger, dirigeant, direction directness: franchise dirty: sale

Lysistrata disappointing: décevant, trompant disaster: catastrophe, désastre, calamité, sinistre discipline: discipline discover: découvrir, découvres, découvrent, découvrez, découvrons, découvre, dépouiller, dépouillons, dépouille, dépouillent, dépouilles discuss: discuter, discutent, discutons, discutez, discutes, discute, débattre, débats, débattons, débattent, débattez discussing: discutant, débattant disdainful: dédaigneux disease: maladie, infirmité, la maladie disembowel: éventrer, éventrent, éventres, éventrez, éventrons, éventre disgrace: disgrâce, honte, déshonorer, déshonneur, disgracier disgraceful: honteux dish: plat, mets, met, cuvette, assiette, bomber disjointed: disjoint dismay: consterner, consternation, abasourdir, stupéfier, atterrer displaced: déplacé, déplaçâmes, déplaça, déplaçai, déplacèrent, déplaças, déplaçâtes disputed: disputé disregard: négliger dissension: discorde dissolute: dissolu distinct: net, clair, limpide, distinct distinction: distinction disturb: déranger, dérange, dérangez, dérangeons, dérangent, déranges, gêner, gênons, gênez, gênes, gênent divine: divin divulge: divulguer dog: chien, clébard, toc domestic: domestique, intérieur, aborigène, relatif à la maison, national double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie doubt: doute, douter dove: colombe, pigeon downward: descendant, vers le bas drab: terne, gris drag: traîner, traîne, traînons, traînez, traînent, traînes, traînée, tirer, faire glisser, résistance, entrave dragged: traîné, traîna, traînai, traînâmes, traînas, traînâtes, traînèrent draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises drawing: dessin, dessinant, puisant, étirage, tirage, appâtant, traçant

drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé dread: crainte, redouter dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable dream: rêve, rêver, songe, songer, rêver éveillé dreary: morne, triste, affreux, épouvantable, sombre, maussade, désagréable, désert, désolé, abominable, horrible drench: tremper drenched: trempé dress: robe, habiller, vêtir, panser, s'habiller, revêtir, dresser, apprêter, habit, habillement, garnir dressed: habillé, vêtu dribbling: conduite, conduite du ballon, drible, égouttement drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer drinks: boit drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses driven: conduit, poussé, pourchassé, piloté, actionné drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser, baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir drumming: auscultation du toit, lustrage, mise en fûts drunk: ivre, bu, soûl duality: dualité due: dû dumbly: de manière muète, de façon muète dusting: saupoudrage, époussetage dutifully: de manière dévoué, de façon dévouée duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe dwell: demeurer, demeure, demeurent, demeures, demeurez, demeurons, habiter, loger, loges, logez, logent dwelling: habitation, demeurant, demeure, domicile, logement, logis, logeant, gîte dyed: teint eagerly: de manière avide, de façon avide earnestness: sérieux ears: oreilles easily: facilement, aisément, de manière facile, de façon facile easy: facile eat: manger, mangez, mangent, mangeons, mange, manges, déjeuner

Aristophanes ecstasy: extase ecstatic: extatique edge: bord, rive, lisière, arête, bordure, tranche, affiler, carre, rebord eel: anguille eels: anguilles effort: effort, démarche, peine, requête efforts: efforts egg: oeuf eject: éjecter, expulser, m'éjecte, vous éjectez, t'éjectes, expulses, nous éjectons, expulsons, expulsez, expulse, éjectez-vous element: élément elements: abc, alphabet eliminate: éliminer, supprimer, éliminez, éliminent, éliminons, élimines, élimine embers: braise embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent emotion: émotion emotional: émotif, émotionnel, affectif emotions: émotions emphasis: emphase, accentuation, accent employ: employer, embaucher, user de, se servir de, appliquer, engager ending: fin, bout, finissant endlessly: de manière interminable, de façon interminable, infiniment endured: supporta, enduré, supportèrent, endura, endurâmes, endurèrent, supportâmes, supportai, endurai, supporté, enduras enduring: endurant, supportant, durant, soutenant, persistant engage: engager, engagez, engagent, engageons, engages, engage, engrener enhanced: augmentèrent, augmenta, augmentai, augmentâmes, augmentas, augmentâtes, augmenté enjoy: jouir, jouissez, jouis, jouissent, jouissons, jouir de, être joyeux, savourer enlarge: agrandir, agrandissons, agrandissez, agrandis, agrandissent, étendre, accroître, augmenter, amplifier enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons enterprise: entreprise enters: entre, introduit entrails: entrailles entrance: admission

equally: de même, également, pareillement, de manière égale, de façon égale equipoise: contrebalancer, équilibre erect: fonder, droit, ériger, construire, édifier, bâtir eros: éros errand: commission, message, course errors: erreurs escape: échapper, s'échapper, évasion, échappement, fuite, fuir, enfuis, enfuir escaped: échappé especially: surtout, principalement, tout d'abord, notamment, de manière spéciale, de façon spéciale, particulièrement, spécialement essential: essentiel, fondamental eternal: éternel, perpétuel eternity: éternité ethical: éthique event: événement, occasion, fait, manifestation everyone: tout le monde, chacun everything: tout everywhere: partout evidences: évidences evil: mal, mauvais exact: exact, juste exaltation: exaltation example: exemple, ex, modèle except: sauf, excepter, hormis, excepté, exempter, dispenser, exclure, en outre, à moins que excessive: excessif, immodéré, excessive exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public exclaiming: exclamant exercise: exercice, exercer, instruire, levée, pratique exist: exister, existes, existe, existons, existent, existez existed: existâtes, existas, existai, existâmes, existé, exista, existèrent exists: existe expect: attendre, attendons, attends, attendez, attendent, espérer explain: expliquer, explique, expliques, expliquent, expliquons, expliquez, développer explode: exploser, explosent, explosez, exploses, explosons, explose, éclater, éclates, éclate, éclatent, éclatez expose: exposer, expose, exposes, exposez, exposent, exposons express: exprimer, exprimes, exprime, exprimons, exprimez, expriment, exprès, répandre, représenter, express, expresse expression: expression, terme, locution, mine, air

87 extent: étendue, ampleur, domaine externally: de façon externe, de manière externe extreme: extrême eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas eyebrows: sourcils eyelids: paupières eyrie: aire fable: fable faces: faces facing: revêtement, parementure, parement, frontal, surfaçage, surface, revers failed: échoué, failli, manqué, faillies, faillie, faillirent failing: défaillant fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal faith: foi faithful: fidèle, loyal, honnête, droit fall: chute, tomber, tombes, tombe, tombez, tombons, tombent, baisse, choir, s'abaisser, s'amoindrir fallacy: erreur, fausseté familiar: familier fancy: imaginer, fantaisie, songer, rêver éveillé, aimer fantastic: fantastique fantasy: fantaisie, imagination, fantasme fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet farthest: le plus loin fascinating: fascinant, passionnant fascination: fascination fashionable: à la mode, dernier cri, moderne, dans le vent, actuel fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais fate: sort, destinée, fatalité, destin, destination, fortune fathers: pères favourite: favori, préféré fawn: faon, fauve fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur feared: craint fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux feast: fête, banqueter, festin fed: alimentas, alimentâtes, alimenté, alimentâmes, alimentai, alimentèrent, alimenta, nourrit, nourris, nourrirent, nourrîtes feeling: sentiment, palpant, sentant, tâtant, ressentant feels: palpe, sent, tâte, ressent feet: pieds felicitous: heureux fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle femininity: féminité

88 fenced: clôturé ferocity: férocité fertilize: fertiliser, fertilise, fertilises, amender, fertilisez, fertilisons, fertilisent, fumer, féconder fervour: ferveur, zèle fetch: apporter, amener, amène, amènent, amènes, amenez, amenons, apporte, apportes, apportez, apportent field: champ, domaine, zone, trame, terrain, gisement fierce: féroce, violent fiery: ardent, fougueux fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter figs: figues filched: chipa, chipai, chipâmes, chipas, chipâtes, chipé, chipèrent fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer, emplir, remblai filled: rempli, fourré fillet: filet, cordon, fileter, flanc de raccord finally: finalement, enfin, de manière finale, de façon finale finds: fonde, trouve fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention finely: de manière amende finest: le plus fin finger: doigt, tâter fingers: doigts finish: terminer, termines, termine, terminons, terminez, terminent, finir, finissent, finis, finissez, finissons finishes: termine, finit, achève fire: feu, incendie, tirer, licencier, renvoyer, le feu, partir, suspendre firm: ferme, solide, firme, robuste, entreprise, stable firstly: premièrement, d'abord, en premier lieu, au commencement fish: poisson, pêcher fit: adapter, convenir, ajustement, ajuster, apoplexie, crise, en bonne santé fitly: de manière adaptée, de façon adaptée flame: flamme, flamber flapping: battement flare: fusée éclairante, arrondi, vaciller, ondoyer, fusée de signalisation, lumière parasite, torche, fusée lumineuse, scintiller, dévers, évaser flash: flash, éclat, clignoter, éclair, bavure flask: flacon, fiole

Lysistrata flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez flavour: arôme, aromatiser, aromatise, aromatises, parfum, flaveur, aromatisent, aromatisez, aromatisons, saveur flaw: défaut, paille, imperfection flax: lin flay: écorcher flayed: t'écorchas, s'écorcha, vous écorchâtes, m'écorchai, nous écorchâmes, s'écorché, s'écorchèrent fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai flesh: chair, pulpe flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor fling: brandir, agiter, jeter, lancer flocking: flocage floor: plancher, étage, sol, taux plancher, mur flourishing: florissant, prospérant, prospère flout: faire fi de, se moquer de flown: volé flush: affleurant, rougeur fluttering: battement des gouvernes, flottant fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant foe: ennemi folds: plie, plisse follies: folies follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon food: nourriture, aliment, alimentation, pâture, aliments fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot, duper, fou foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance, contrainte, faire accepter forced: forcé forces: force forcing: forçage, forçant forefinger: index foremost: premier forerunner: précurseur foreword: préface, avis au lecteur, préambule forget: oublier, oublies, oublie, oublient, oublions, oubliez forgotten: oublié former: ancien, précédent fornication: fornication forward: en avant, avancer, avant fostering: encourager fourth: quatrième, quart, quarte

fraction: fraction fragrance: parfum, fragrance fragrant: parfumé, aromatique, odorant frankly: franchement, de manière franche, de façon franche freed: libéré freedom: liberté frenzied: frénétique fresh: frais freshly: de façon fraiche, de manière frais, fraîchement friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade friendly: amical, aimable, gentil, affable, amène, amicalement friends: amis friendship: amitié, camaraderie frighten: effrayer, effraie, effraies, effraient, effrayons, effrayez, redouter, redoutez, redoutons, redoutes, redoutent frightened: effrayé, effrayâtes, effrayas, effrayâmes, effrayèrent, effrayai, effraya, redouté, redouta, redoutai, redoutâmes fringe: frange, lisière, bord, bordure frivolous: frivole, vain, vaniteux frogs: grenouilles fry: frire, poêler, fris, friture fully: entièrement, complètement, de façon pleine, de manière pleine, pleinement function: fonctionner, emploi, office, service furies: fureurs furiously: de manière furieuse, de façon furieuse, furieusement futile: vain, abortif future: avenir, futur gaiety: gaieté gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux game: jeu, gibier, partie, match gape: béer, badauder, bayer aux corneilles, bâiller gaping: béant garland: guirlande garlic: ail garments: vêtements, habits gate: porte, vanne, grille, barrière, portillon, portail, gâchette, doigt, berceau, entrée gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter gathering: réunion, ramassage, rassemblement, cueillage, roulage gay: gai, joyeux, homosexuel, enjoué generally: généralement, en général, ordinairement, de façon générale, de

Aristophanes manière générale generating: engendrant, générant, générateur generation: génération, production geometry: géométrie giant: géant, colosse giddy: étourdi gift: cadeau, don gin: gin gird: boucler, ceindre girdle: ceinture, gaine girl: fille, jeune fille, gosse, la fille girls: filles gives: donne, offre, aboule giving: donnant, offrant, aboulant glad: joyeux, content, heureux gladly: volontiers, avec plaisir, de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse glare: éblouissement, éclat, reflet gleam: lueur, luire glitter: briller, brillant, scintillement glorious: glorieux, fameux glory: gloire, renommée, réputation glumly: de manière triste, de façon triste gnat: moustique, cousin, moucheron god: dieu goddess: déesse godlike: divin gods: poulailler goes: va gold: or golden: doré, en or, d'or goldsmith: orfèvre gone: allé, parti, allés gown: robe, toge grab: saisir, agripper, grappin, benne preneuse, harpon grace: grâce, charme graces: Grâces gracious: gracieux grain: grain, graine, bloc de poudre, pépin, fil, blé grand: grandiose, magnifique grandiose: grandiose, magnifique grandly: de manière grandiose, de façon grandiose grasp: saisir, agripper, compréhension, empoigner, étreindre, prise grass: herbe, gazon grateful: reconnaissant gratify: satisfaire gravity: pesanteur, gravité, gravitation greasy: gras, graisseux greece: Grèce greet: saluer, salues, salue, saluons, saluez, saluent, accueillir, accueillons, accueillez, accueilles, accueille grip: agripper, prise, saisir, poignée,

grippe, valise, saignée groin: aine, épi grossness: grossièreté ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse, échouer, motif grounds: terrain grow: croître, grandir, cultiver, grandis, grandissent, grandissez, grandissons, croissent, croîs, croissez, croissons growing: croissant, grandissant growled: grogné growlingly: de manière grondemente grown: crû, grandi grows: grandit, croît grudge: rancune guard: garde, protéger, garder, gardien, contrôleur, préserver, protecteur, dispositif de protection, arrière, chef de train, protection guess: deviner, supposer, supposition guide: guide, guider, diriger, conduire, mener, aboutir, régler, guidage guts: boyaux hail: grêle, héler, grêler hair: cheveux, cheveu, poil, chevelure hall: hall, salle, couloir, vestibule hamlet: hameau hands: mains handy: commode, opportun, convenable, maniable, pratique happens: arrive, advient happiness: bonheur, félicité happy: heureux, joyeux, content hard: dur, difficile, pénible hardy: courageux, robuste hares: lièvres harlot: prostituée harmonic: harmonique harmony: harmonie harsh: vulgaire, rude, dur, acerbe, grossier, maussade, rustique, âpre, astringent haste: hâte hasten: hâter, hâte, hâtent, hâtes, hâtez, hâtons hatch: écoutille, trappe, hachurer, couvée, éclosion, panneau, éclore, trappe d'accès hate: haïr, haine, détester haven: havre, refuge hazardous: hasardeux, périlleux, dangereux heads: têtes healthy: sain, en bonne santé, salubre heap: tas, amas, entasser, accumuler, foule, masse, collection, bande, troupe, ensemble, multitude heaping: entassement hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter,

89 oient, ois, oyez, oyons heard: entendîmes, entendîtes, entendu, entendit, entendirent, entendis, ouï, ouïs hearken: écoutes, écoutez, écoute, écoutent, écoutons, écouter hears: entend, oit heart: coeur, le coeur heartless: sans coeur hearts: coeurs heaven: ciel, paradis heavens: cieux heels: talons height: hauteur, altitude, taille heights: hauteurs held: tenu helen: Hélène hell: enfer hellas: Hellade hellenic: hellénique helm: gouvernail, barre, timon helmet: casque helpless: abandonné, impuissant, délaissé, faible hemp: chanvre hence: par conséquent, donc, d'où, c'est pourquoi henceforth: désormais, dorénavant, à l'avenir heracles: Hercule herald: Héraut herbs: herbes, fines herbes herd: troupeau, bande, troupe, collection, harde, ensemble, are hermaphroditic: hermaphrodite heroic: héroïque herself: même, se hesitate: hésiter, hésite, hésites, hésitent, hésitez, hésitons, barguigner, barguigne, barguignent, barguignes, barguignez hey: hé hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage hierarchy: hiérarchie higher: plus haut highest: le plus haut highly: de façon haute, de manière haute, fortement, hautement, extrêmement hill: colline, coteau, butter, terrer hills: collines historical: historique hit: frapper, coup, battre, heurter, atteindre, succès, toucher, parvenir, saisir, touche hither: ici hoard: amas hobble: abot, boitiller, entrave, entraver hoisting: levage

90 hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir holds: tient hollow: creux, cavité, caver holy: saint, sacré homer: Homère homeric: homérique homogeneous: homogène honest: honnête, intègre, sincère, loyal honour: honneur, honorer hopeless: désespéré, impossible, sans espoir horizon: horizon horse: cheval, le cheval host: hôte, amphitryon, aubergiste, hostie, foule hot: chaud hotly: de façon chaude, de manière chaude hours: heures household: ménage howling: hurlant hugely: énormément, de façon énorme, de manière énorme human: humain humanistic: humaniste humbly: humblement, de manière humble, de façon humble humorous: amusant, humoristique humour: humour, humeur hungrily: de manière affamée, voracement, de façon affamée hungry: affamé hunting: chassant, chasse, lacet, pompage, chasser hurl: lancer, jeter hurricane: ouragan, nabot hurry: se dépêcher, hâte, presser, être urgent, se presser, se hâter, dépêcher hurt: blesser hurtled: lançâmes, lancé, lancèrent, lançai, lança, lançâtes, lanças husband: mari, époux husbands: maris hussy: coquine hustle: bousculade, bousculer, presser, hâte hymn: hymne hypothetical: hypothétique, hipothétique ideal: idéal idealistic: idéaliste idiotic: idiot, stupide idle: inactif, fainéant, ralenti, au repos, inoccupé, paresseux, fainéanter idly: de manière inactive, de façon inactive ignoring: ignorant, méconnaissant

Lysistrata image: image, figure imagery: imagerie, images imagination: imagination, fantaisie imagine: imaginer, imagine, imagines, imaginent, imaginez, imaginons imbecile: imbécile immediate: immédiat immediately: immédiatement, tout de suite, directement, aussitôt, sitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, de manière immédiate, de façon immédiate immense: énorme, immense, formidable immolate: immolent, immoles, immolez, immolons, immole, immoler immoral: immoral immorality: immoralité immortal: immortel, immortelle impaled: empalâmes, empalèrent, empalé, empalas, empalai, empala, empalâtes impeccable: impeccable impertinence: impertinence, insolence impiously: de manière impie, de façon impie importance: importance importunity: importunité impossible: impossible imprudent: imprudent imputed: imputas, imputâtes, imputèrent, imputâmes, imputa, imputai, imputé inaccessible: inaccessible incessant: incessant inch: pouce include: contenir, inclure, contenons, contiens, contenez, contiennent, incluez, incluent, incluons, inclus, comprendre indeed: vraiment, certes, en vérité, réellement, si, d'abord, en réalité, en effet, en fait, effectivement, voire indifference: indifférence individual: individu, individuel, particulier individuals: individus indoors: à la maison induced: induit, induisîmes, induisîtes, induisit, induisis, induisirent indulge: être indulgent, gâter ingenious: ingénieux inhabit: habiter, habites, habite, habitons, habitez, habitent iniquitous: inique injury: blessure, lésion, préjudice, dégât innocent: innocent inquire: enquérir, demander, nous

enquérons, vous enquérez, s'enquièrent, m'enquiers, enquérezvous, t'enquiers, se renseigner insane: fou, agité, aberrant, insensé, aliéné inscribed: inscrit, inscrivîmes, inscrivirent, inscrivis, inscrivit, inscrivîtes insect: insecte insensate: insensible inside: dedans, intérieur, dans, au milieu de, interne, parmi, en, milieu, à insists: insiste, aheurte insolence: insolence, effronterie insolent: insolent, effronté inspiration: inspiration, souffle inspired: inspiras, inspirâtes, inspira, inspirâmes, inspirèrent, inspirai, inspiré instant: instant, moment instantly: directement, aussitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, à l'instant, de manière instante, de façon instante instead: plutôt instinct: instinct insults: agonit intellectual: intellectuel intelligence: intelligence, renseignement intended: visèrent, visâtes, visas, visâmes, visai, visa, visé, destiné, projetas, projetâtes, projetâmes intensity: intensité intent: intention intention: intention, dessein, propos interested: intéressé interwoven: entrelacé, entremêlé intimate: intime introduce: introduire, présenter, présentons, présentez, présentes, présentent, introduis, présente, introduisez, introduisent, introduisons introduced: introduisîtes, présentèrent, présentâtes, présentas, présentâmes, présentai, présenta, introduit, présenté, introduisit, introduisis invented: inventas, inventâtes, inventèrent, inventa, inventâmes, inventai, inventé inviolable: inviolable invite: inviter, invite, invites, invitez, invitent, invitons invoke: invoquer, invoque, invoques, invoquez, invoquons, invoquent, appeler invokes: invoque involved: impliqué invulnerable: invulnérable inward: intérieur, vers l'intérieur

Aristophanes inwards: vers l'intérieur ironic: ironique irrefutable: irréfutable jack: cric, vérin, valet, jack, cochonnet jaw: mâchoire, bec, mordache, mors jealously: de manière jalouse, jalousement, de façon jalouse jesting: plaisantant, plaisanterie jog: faire du jogging jogged: trottâmes, trottée, trottèrent, trotta, trottées join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient jointing: assemblage joking: plaisanterie jostling: bousculer joy: joie, allégresse joyous: joyeux juggling: jonglerie justice: justice, équité justly: justement, de manière juste, de façon juste keeping: gardant, élevant, remplissant keeps: garde, élève, remplit kept: gardâtes, gardas, gardé, gardèrent, garda, gardâmes, gardai, élevai, élevèrent, élevé, élevâtes kick: coup de pied, donner un coup de pied, botter, recul kicking: coups de pied au ballon, bottant, puits actif kindle: allumer, allumez, allumes, allument, allume, allumons, enflammer kindly: complaisamment, de manière gentille, de façon gentille kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise kissed: baisé, baisées, embrassé, baisée, baisâmes, baisa, baisai kisses: baise, baisers, bisous kissing: baisant, embrasser knead: pétrir, pétrissez, pétrissons, pétris, pétrissent, malaxer, malaxons, malaxez, malaxe, malaxes, malaxent kneeling: à genoux, agenouillé, baraquage knees: genoux knit: tricoter knock: frapper, coup, heurter, cogner, cognement, frappe knocking: coups, frappant knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche knows: connaît, sait laches: inertie lack: manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation, manquer lacking: pauvre, manquant

lad: garçon, gosse lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble lag: décalage, retard, persistance laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis lance: lance land: terre, atterrir, aborder, pays, contrée, terrain, s'abattre lands: cloison, atterrit lane: voie, ruelle, couloir lass: fille, jeune fille, gosse late: tard, tardif, en retard lately: dernièrement, de manière tarde, de façon tardive, récemment laughter: rire lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux laws: lois lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent laying: pose, posant, ponte, couchant, pondant, levée lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène, menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez leap: saut, sauter leaps: options sur actions à long terme, sauts learn: apprendre, apprenons, apprenez, apprends, apprennent least: moindre, le moins leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser legs: jambes leisure: loisir lengthy: interminable lent: prêtâtes, prêtas, prêtâmes, prêtèrent, prêtai, prêté, prêta, emprunté, empruntâtes, empruntas, empruntâmes lesser: moindre lest: de peur que levy: levée, prélèvement liberating: libérant libertine: libertin, paillard liberty: liberté lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir lies: git, ment lift: ascenseur, lever, soulever, élever, portance, se soulever, sustentation lifted: élevé, éleva, élevèrent, élevées, élevai, élevée, soulevé light: léger, clair, lumière, allumer, feu, faible, enflammer, lumineux, lampe, rayonnement visible lightly: légèrement, de manière légre, de façon légre

91 lightning: éclair, foudre liked: aimé limp: boiter, mou lines: traits, lignes lion: lion lips: les lèvres, lèvres listen: écouter, écoutes, écoute, écoutons, écoutez, écoutent listening: écoutant, écoute listens: écoute literature: littérature, documentation live: vivre, vivez, vivent, vivons, vis, habiter, demeurer, habite, habitent, habites, habitons lives: vit, habite, loge living: vivant, habitant, logeant, en vie, bénéfice load: charger, charge, chargement, fardeau loaf: pain, miche loathe: abhorrer, abominer, haïr, abhorre, abominez, haïssons, haïssez, haïssent, hais, abominons, abhorrez locked: bloqué, fermé lofty: haut, élevé logic: logique logical: logique loins: reins loneliness: solitude lonely: solitaire, seul, de manière solitaire, de façon solitaire, isolé looks: regarde loose: détaché, lâche loosen: desserrer, desserrez, desserrons, desserres, desserrent, desserre, délier, relâcher loosening: desserrant loot: butin, piller lopped: taillâtes, tailla, taillé, taillèrent, taillas, taillai, taillâmes lord: seigneur, monsieur lost: perdîtes, perdîmes, perdirent, perdit, perdis, perdu, perdus, non vu lot: lot, sort loudly: fort, à haute voix, de manière forte, de façon forte, bruyamment loved: aimé lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe lover: amant, amoureux, maîtresse, amante loves: amours, aime lower: baisser, baisses, abaisser, baisse, baissez, baissons, baissent, inférieur lowest: le plus bas loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme lucid: lucide luck: chance, fortune, sort, destinée

92 lugging: effort anormal, traînant lump: masse, bloc, morceau, boule, motte, pièce, grumeau, gros morceau, fragment, bosse, pan lunatic: aliéné, fou luscious: succulent lust: volupté, passion, convoitise, désir lusty: vigoureux luxurious: luxueux, somptueux lying: menteur, mensonge, gisant lyric: lyrique, texte lyricism: lyrisme mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé madden: rendre fou madly: de manière folle, de façon folle, follement madness: folie, aliénation, aberration, affolement magistrate: magistrat makes: fait, rend malady: maladie malcontent: mécontent male: mâle, masculin manage: administrer, diriger, administre, administrez, administrons, administrent, administres, gérer, dirige, dirigent, dirigeons managed: administra, administrèrent, administré, administrâtes, administras, administrai, administrâmes, géra, dirigea, gérèrent, gérâtes marble: marbre, marbrer, bille marched: marché marshy: marécageux martial: martial mated: accouplé material: matériau, matériel, étoffe, tissu, matière mating: accouplement matter: matière, substance, affaire, cas, chose, question meant: signifié measure: mesure, mesurer, taille, jauger meat: viande, chair mechanism: mécanisme meddling: mêlant meditating: méditant, songeant meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir melancholy: mélancolie, mélancolique, abattement, sombre melody: mélodie melting: fusion, fonte, palier de fusion, fondant, fondre memory: mémoire, souvenir menace: menacer, menace, gronder

Lysistrata mendaciously: de manière menteuse, de façon menteuse menial: subalterne mention: mentionner, citer mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde mere: pur, seul, simple merely: de manière pure, de façon pure, simplement merge: fusionner, fusionnez, fusionnons, fusionnes, fusionnent, fusionne, fusion, convergence merrily: de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse, joyeusement merry: joyeux, gai method: méthode, modalité methods: méthodes middle: milieu, intermédiaire, moyen, centre, central midwife: accoucheuse mighty: puissant mine: mine, mienne minute: minute minx: friponne mirror: miroir, glace, miroir hertzien, rétroviseur mischief: malice miserable: misérable, malheureux, pauvre, maussade, vide, pénible, sombre, mauvais, méchant, mal miseries: misères misinterpret: mal interpréter mistakes: fautes, trompe, erreurs mistress: maîtresse misunderstand: mal comprendre mix: mélanger, mêler, mélange, mixer, gâcher, malaxer, retourner, allier mob: foule mocking: bafouant, dérision mole: taupe, mole, môle, tunnelier, grain de beauté monstrosity: monstruosité moral: moral, morale mortal: mortel mortality: mortalité mortify: humilier, mortifier mount: monter, support, mont, adapter, montage, monture mounted: monté, montées mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée move: déplacer, émouvoir, remuer, mouvoir, se déplacer, coup, déménagement, déménager, affecter, mouvement, déplacement moves: émeut, meut, mouve, remue muddle: embrouillage, confusion mummy: momie munching: croquant, mastiquant, mâchant muse: muse music: musique

mute: muet, sourdine, commutateur de sourdine mutual: réciproque, mutuel myrrh: myrrhe myself: me mysteriously: de manière mystérieuse, de façon mystérieuse mystery: mystère naked: nu, dénudé nakedness: nudité named: nommé napping: duvetage, grattage nasty: méchant, vilain, désagréable, dégoûtant, affreux, épouvantable, perfide, horrible, mauvais, sale, abject nation: nation, peuple natural: naturel naturally: naturellement, bien sûr, de façon naturelle, de manière naturelle naughty: vilain, méchant nauseous: nauséabond, nauséeux near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à nearby: proche, auprès, près, près de, prochaine, adjacent, tout près, à, à côté nearly: presque, quasiment, à peu près, de manière près, de façon près neat: net, propre neatly: de manière nète, de façon nète necessary: nécessaire neck: cou, col, collet, goulot, encolure necklace: collier needs: besoins, nécessite negation: négation neglecting: négligeant neighbour: voisin, semblable neighbours: voisins nerve: nerf nerves: nerfs nest: nid, nicher, faire son nid net: filet, net, réseau nettles: pique, irrite nevertheless: néanmoins, pourtant, cependant, tout de même, toutefois, quand même news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle nexus: lien, liaison, nexus, rapport nigh: près, proche nimble: agile noble: noble, élevé noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle noisily: de manière bruyante, de façon bruyante, bruyamment none: aucun, personne, nul nonsense: absurdité, bêtise, balivernes noon: midi note: note, noter, billet, nota,

Aristophanes remarque, ticket, mention notice: avis, remarquer, apercevoir, discerner, préavis, remarque, écriteau, observation, notification, percevoir, placard nowadays: actuellement, de nos jours, aujourd'hui nowhere: nulle part nude: nu, dénudé nuisance: nuisance, ennui numberless: innombrable oath: serment, juron object: objet, chose oblation: oblation observe: observer, observes, observe, observez, observons, observent, respecter, respectons, respectez, respectes, respectent obvious: évident occupation: occupation, métier, profession, emploi occurs: arrive, survient offensive: offensant, offensif, offensive, choquant offering: offrande offers: offrit older: âgé olympia: olympe omelet: omelette omens: présages ominous: inquiétant ones: ceux onslaught: attaque onward: en avant opened: ouvrîtes, ouvrit, ouvrîmes, ouvris, ouvrirent, ouvert operation: opération, exploitation, fonctionnement, manoeuvre opposing: opposant, rouspétant opposite: opposé, en face de, contraire, contre oppression: abus d'autorité, oppression oracle: oracle orders: commandes orgy: orgie original: original, inédit, originel ours: nôtre ourselves: nous outlay: débours, dépenses ox: bœuf pack: paquet, emballer, empaqueter, condenser, compresse, bande, tas, tasser, meute packed: emballé pact: pacte pain: douleur, mal, peine, peiner painting: peinture, tableau pair: paire, couple, apparier palatable: appétissant pale: pâle, blême palsied: paralysé

pampered: choyé, choyas, choyâmes, choyai, choyâtes, choya, choyèrent, dorloté, dorlotai, dorlotâtes, dorlota pamphlet: brochure, pamphlet pan: casserole, pan, cuvette, bac, batée, panoramique, marmite panted: haleté pap: colle d'amidon, amorce, bouillie, bouillie lactée parts: parties pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler passing: passant, dépassement, écoulement, passage passion: passion, ardeur passionate: passionné patch: rapiécer, pièce, rustine, correction, parcelle, plaque, réparer, tache pawn: pion, soldat, gage, emprunter sur gages, mettre en gage peace: paix, tranquillité peep: pépier, gazouiller peering: échange de trafic perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois perchance: par hasard perfume: parfum, parfumer perilous: périlleux perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer perjury: parjure, faux serment perpetrated: perpétré, perpétrâtes, perpétras, perpétra, perpétrai, perpétrèrent, perpétrâmes persevere: persévérer, persévères, persévèrent, persévère, persévérons, persévérez, persister personal: personnel, propre persons: personnes persuade: persuader, persuades, persuade, persuadons, persuadent, persuadez, convaincre, inspirer pestering: importunant phallic: phallique phallus: phallus philosophers: philosophes phosphor: phosphore, luminophore phrase: locution, phrase, phraser, groupe de mots pick: cueillir, cueille, cueillent, cueilles, cueillez, cueillons, piquer, piquent, piques, piquez, piquons picking: cueillant, piquant, cueillette, arrachage, battage pierced: perçâmes, perçai, perçâtes, perça, percèrent, percé, perças pile: tas, amas, pile, pilotis, pieu,

93 foule, pilot, hémorrhoïde, multitude, masse, empiler piled: entassé pillows: oreillers pious: pieux pipe: tuyau, tube, pipe, conduite, retassure pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable pitiless: impitoyable pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer plague: peste, fléau plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident plainly: de manière plaine plan: plan, projet, dessein, projeter, planifier, intention, organiser, propos, esquisser plane: plan, rabot, avion, planer, platane, aéroplane, projet, raboter plato: Platon platonic: platonique, platonicien platter: plat, met play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de played: jouâtes, jouas, jouèrent, jouai, jouâmes, joué, joua plea: argument, plaider pleasant: agréable, plaisant, charmant, sympathique please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire pledge: gage, nantissement, promettre, engagement plenipotentiary: plénipotentiaire plight: situation critique plodding: cheminant plough: charrue, labourer plucked: plumé plunder: piller, ravir, pillage plunge: plonger, plongeon, plongée poem: poème poet: poète poetry: poésie poets: poètes pointing: pointage poked: poussé polite: poli, courtois politician: politicien, homme politique politics: politique poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre populace: peuple

94 porter: porteur, bagagiste, portier, concierge, porter portion: partie, portion, part positive: positif post: poste, poteau, pieu, emploi, afficher, fonction, courrier, coller, office, agglutiner, place postern: poterne pot: pot, marmite potentialities: potentialités pounded: martelé powdered: pulvérisé powers: pouvoirs practically: de façon pratique, de manière pratique, pratiquement praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient praying: priant precedence: priorité, préséance preciosity: préciosité precipice: abîme, précipice, gouffre precisely: précisément, de manière précise, de façon précise predilection: prédilection prejudice: préjugé, préjudice preparation: préparation, préparatif prepare: préparer, prépare, prépares, préparent, préparons, préparez, apprêter, apprête, apprêtes, apprêtez, apprêtons preposterous: absurde presaging: présageant present: cadeau, présent, présenter, actuel, offrir, don pressure: pression, instances, instance, vive sollicitation, oppression, impulsion presumption: présomption, supposition pretence: prétexte, simulacre pretend: feindre, feins, feignons, feignent, feignez, prétexter, prétendre, prétextons, prétexte, prétextent, prétextes pretexts: prétextes prettily: de manière jolie, de façon jolie, joliment pretty: joli, mignon, aimable, bath, assez prevent: empêcher, empêche, empêches, empêchez, empêchent, empêchons, prévenir, préviens, prévenez, prévenons, préviennent price: prix, cours pride: fierté, orgueil primitive: primitif, primitive primly: de façon guindée, de manière guindée probe: sonde, sonder, enquête, palpeur, explorer, scruter

Lysistrata proceed: procéder, procèdes, procède, procèdent, procédez, procédons, avancer, avancent, avances, avancez, avançons produce: produire, produisez, produisons, produisent, produis, réaliser, produit, fabriquer profoundly: profondément, de manière profonde, de façon profonde progeny: descendants, progéniture progressing: progressant progression: progression projected: projeté promenade: promenade promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons, assurer promised: promîtes, promîmes, promit, promirent, promis promote: promouvoir, promeus, promeuvent, promouvons, promouvez properly: convenablement, proprement, comme il faut, correctement, de façon convenable, de manière convenable propitious: propice propose: proposer, proposes, propose, proposons, proposez, proposent proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux proverbs: proverbes proves: prouve, éprouve provoked: provoquâtes, provoquas, provoquai, provoqua, provoqué, provoquâmes, provoquèrent prying: fureteur psyche: psychisme, psyché puff: bouffée, souffle pugnacious: pugnace pull: tirer, tire, tirons, tires, tirent, tirez, traction, tirage, traîner pulley: poulie pulse: pouls, impulsion, pulsation punch: poinçon, poinçonner, perforateur, perforer, punch, coup de poing, estamper purify: purifier, purifie, purifies, purifient, purifions, purifiez, épurer, épure, assainir, épures, épurons purple: pourpre, violet purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention purses: bourses pushing: poussant puts: met quaking: souris trembleuse quarrels: querelles quarters: quartiers queen: reine, dame quell: étouffer, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, étouffez, étouffons,

suffoquer quench: étouffer, éteindre quick: rapide, prompt, vite quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos quietly: paisiblement, tranquillement, de manière calme, de façon calme, calmement rabid: enragé rack: crémaillère, étagère, grille, arack, casier, râtelier, claie, bâti, armoire, chevalet rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager raging: déchaîné, déchaînement, furieux, furibond, rage rags: chiffons raid: raid, razzia, rafle raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer raised: levé rambling: décousu, randonnée ran: courut, courûtes, courus, coururent, courûmes, courues, courue, coulâtes, coulèrent, coulâmes, coula ranged: étendu ranks: rangs rare: rare, saignant rarefied: raréfiai, raréfiâmes, raréfias, raréfiâtes, raréfièrent, raréfia, raréfié rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon rash: éruption, éruption cutanée, irréfléchi, inconsidéré, rougeur ratified: ratifiâtes, ratifias, ratifia, ratifièrent, ratifiai, ratifiâmes, ratifié rationalizing: rationalisant rattling: ballottement ravenous: vorace reach: atteindre, parvenir, portée, aboutir, remporter, étendue, toucher, bief reaches: parvient reaction: réaction readiness: disponibilité, empressement ready: prêt, disponible realize: réaliser, comprendre, réalise, réalises, réalisons, réalisez, réalisent reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner reasons: raisonne rebellious: rebelle, révolté rebels: rebelles recognise: reconnaître recognize: reconnaître, reconnaissez, reconnais, reconnaissent, reconnaissons, croire, retrouver

Aristophanes reconcile: réconcilier, réconcilies, réconcilie, réconcilient, réconciliez, réconcilions reconciliation: réconciliation recover: récupérer, récupère, récupères, récupérez, récupérons, récupèrent, recouvrer, recouvre, recouvres, recouvrez, recouvrons reducible: réductible reformation: réforme reformer: reformeur, réformateur refrain: refrain refuse: refuser, détritus, déchets, repousser, rejeter, ordures refused: refusé refusing: refusant regard: considérer, considérez, considérons, considères, considèrent, considère, estime, regarder, contempler, égard, regard regretted: regretté rejected: rejeté rejoices: réjouit relate: raconter, conter, racontent, raconte, racontons, racontez, racontes, conte, content, contez, contons relation: relation, abord, rapport relatively: relativement, de manière parente, de façon parente relentless: implacable relief: soulagement, allégement, relief, relève, secours reluctance: réluctance, répugnance rely: compter, compte, comptes, comptez, comptons, fions, fiez, fient, comptent remark: remarque, observation, commentaire, remarquer remember: se rappeler, se souvenir, rappeler, retenir, rappelle, retiens, retiennent, rappelles, retenez, retenons, rappelons remembered: retenu, retîntes, retint, retins, retînmes, rappelâtes, rappelas, rappelâmes, rappelai, retinrent, rappela remind: rappeler, rappelles, rappelons, rappelle, rappelez, rappellent remorse: remords repeat: répéter, répètes, répète, répètent, répétons, répétez, reprise, redire, redisent, redisons, redis reply: réponse, répondre, répliquer, réplique reproach: reproche, reprocher, réprimander, gronder, sermonner, reprendre repulsive: répulsif, affreux, épouvantable, horrible, répugnant, repoussant

reputation: réputation rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance resources: ressource, ressources, moyen, remède respects: respecte response: réponse, réaction responsible: responsable, correspondant rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support restless: agité, remuant retire: se retirer, retirer, retire, retires, retirent, retirons, retirez retires: retire return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration, rendement returned: retourné returning: renvoyant, retournant returns: rentrées, recettes revolutions: révolutions rhythm: rythme, cadence rich: riche ridiculous: ridicule righteous: juste, moral, vertueux rightly: correctement, de manière droite, de façon droite ringing: sonnerie, appel, suroscillation ringlets: anglaises, repentirs riot: émeute, baroufle, barouf, bagarre rip: déchirer, déchirure rippling: ondulation rise: monter, lever, surgir, augmenter, hausse, se lever, sursauter, montée, se soulever, élévation, augmentation rising: élévation, levée, lever risk: risque, aléa, risquer, aventurer, péril, oser, risquez rival: rival, rivaliser, concourir, concurrent roaring: rugissant roast: rôtir, griller, rôti, torréfier rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles, pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc rooster: coq roosters: coqs root: racine, enraciner, origine, s'enraciner rooted: enraciné rope: corde, cordage, filin rose: rose rosily: de manière rosée, de façon rosée rosy: rosé

95 rowdy: chahuteur rub: frotter, récurer, frottement rubs: frotte rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé ruffian: apache ruined: ruiné rule: règle, gouverner, régner, règne, commandement, gouvernement, surveiller, tenue, régler, filet rump: derrière, croupion, culotte, croupe runs: court, coule, pistes, runs rush: jonc, ruée, se dépêcher, congestion, afflux, épreuve, afflux de sang, urgent, précipiter, hâte sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre sacred: sacré, saint sacrificing: sacrifiant sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre saddened: rabattu, attristâtes, rabattîmes, rabattirent, rabattis, rabattîtes, attristas, attristâmes, rabattit, attristai, attrista saddle: selle, col, ensellement, sellette, seller saffron: safran sail: voile, naviguer sails: voiles, voilure sake: saké sanctuary: sanctuaire, asile, réserve, refuge sands: sables sang: chantas, chantâtes, chantèrent, chantâmes, chanta, chantai saturates: sature savage: sauvage save: épargner, épargne, épargnes, épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent saviour: sauveur scale: échelle, écaille, balance, gamme, bascule, escalader, squame, tartre, monter, écailler, calamine scandal: scandale, agacement scarcely: à peine, de manière rare, de façon rare scare: effrayer scattered: dispersé, dispersâmes, dispersèrent, dispersas, dispersai, dispersa, dispersâtes, répandu, répandîtes, répandit, répandis scent: odeur, parfum, fumet, parfumer, senteur scheme: schéma, projet, plan scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris

96 scoundrel: canaille, gredin, crapule, fripouille, scélérat, vaurien, chenapan scrap: ferraille, lambeau, chiffon, déchets, débris, fragment, mettre au rebut, rebut scratch: gratter, égratignure, griffer, éraflure, érafler, rayure, effacer en grattant, écorchure, accroc, griffe, raie screaming: cris, crier, la fille hurle bruyamment, instabilité de combustion à bruit aigu screen: écran, trame, crible, blindage, paravent, grille, grillage, filtre scribble: gribouiller scrub: broussailles, frotter, maquis, scrub scrupulous: scrupuleux sea: mer, marin seal: phoque, sceller, sceau, scellé, cachet, cacheter, plomber, joint, obturer seated: assis seduce: séduire, dévoyer, séduis, séduisent, séduisez, séduisons, détourner, dévoies, dévoyez, dévoient, dévoie seed: semence, graine, pépin, germe, ensemencer seedling: plant, semis, plantule seeing: voyant, sciant seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent seem: sembler, semblez, semblons, semblent, semble, sembles, paraître, paraissez, paraissons, paraissent, parais sees: voit, scie seize: saisir, saisissez, saisissent, saisis, saisissons, agripper, attraper, agrippes, agrippez, agrippent, agrippe seizes: saisit, agrippe, empare select: sélectionner, sélectionnes, sélectionne, sélectionnez, sélectionnent, sélectionnons, choisir self: même, soi senate: sénat send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez sending: envoyant, adressant, envoi sensible: raisonnable, prudent, sensé sensitive: sensible, délicat, sensitif sensitivity: sensibilité sensitized: voilai, sensibilisas, voilèrent, voilé, voilâtes, voilas, voilâmes, sensibilisa, sensibilisâtes, sensibilisèrent, sensibilisâmes

Lysistrata sensuality: sensualité sent: envoyas, envoyâtes, envoyâmes, envoyèrent, envoya, envoyai, envoyé, adressas, adressâtes, adressé, adressai separate: séparer, particulier, séparé, diviser, disperser, dissiper, débiter, trier, partager, indépendant separated: séparé serious: sérieux, grave, important, considérable, majeur servants: domestiques, serviteurs serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons served: servit, servîtes, servis, servîmes, servirent, servi, desservis, desservit, desservîtes, desservîmes, desservi settle: régler, réglons, réglez, règles, règlent, règle, s'abattre, s'abaisser, coloniser settled: réglâmes, régla, réglas, réglèrent, réglai, réglâtes, réglé settles: règle seven: sept sex: sexe, bagatelle shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle shaking: secouant, ébranlant, ébranlement, secousse shame: honte, pouah, vergogne shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent share: action, partager, part, participer, partie, prendre part, portion, contingent, diviser, débiter, parti aux bénéfices sharer: partageant, portionnaire sheep: mouton shield: bouclier, blindage, écran de protection, enseigne, écran, écusson, écu, blinder, protection shift: décalage, équipe, déplacer, changement, poste, décaler, changer shifting: déplacement, désarrimage, ripage shining: luisant, brillant ships: expédie shivering: Écaillage, tressaillure, frisson, frissonner shocking: choquant shop: boutique, magasin, atelier short: court shoulder: épaule, accotement, épaulement shoulders: épaules shout: crier, cri, pousser des cris shouted: crié

shouts: crie shove: fourrer, pousser, faire glisser shows: montre, manifeste, marque, dénote shrine: sanctuaire, lieu saint, châsse shun: éviter, fuient, fuyons, fuis, évitons, évitez, évites, évitent, évite, fuyez, fuir shut: fermer, arrêter, fermé shuttle: navette, faire la navette shy: timide, ombrageux sides: éclisses sideways: latéralement siege: siège sigh: soupir sight: vue, spectacle, visée, air, apparence, allure, aspect, apercevoir, mire signed: signé significance: signification, importance, valeur significative significant: significatif, signifiant silence: silence, repos silent: silencieux silk: soie, soyeux silks: couleurs, casaque silly: idiot, stupide, bête similarly: de façon semblable, de manière semblable simple: simple, pur sincere: sincère sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons singe: brûler, flamber single: célibataire, unique, simple, seul, individuel, individuelle sip: absorber sir: monsieur sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds sitting: couvant, s'asseyant, séance, service, sédentaire situation: situation skein: écheveau skies: cieux skilfully: de manière habile, de façon habile skim: écrémer, écrémes, écrément, écréme, écrémons, écrémez, écumer, écume, écumes, écumez, écument skin: peau, dépouiller, pelage, fourrure, poil d'animal, revêtement, éplucher, écorcher skinned: décortiqué, écorché skip: saut, capitaine, skip, sauter, benne, sautiller skirt: jupe, embase de blindage slam: chelem, claquer slap: gifle, claque, tape slapping: claques, claquement, gifler slaughter: abattre, abattage,

Aristophanes massacre, tuerie, carnage slaughtered: abattu slaughtering: abattage slaves: esclaves slavish: servile slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier sleek: lisser, lisse sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer sleepless: sans sommeil sleeve: manche, douille, bague, chemise, gaine slenderness: sveltesse slide: diapositive, coulisse, glissière, glisser, glissoire, glissement, coulisser, coulisseau, lame, glissade slip: glissement, glisser, barbotine, fiche, lapsus, combinaison, cale, bouture, patiner, glissade slipped: glissé slipper: pantoufle, mule slippers: pantoufles slippery: glissant slipping: glissement, patinage sluggish: lent, paresseux slut: roulure, salope, pute smallest: le plus petit smeared: enduit smell: odeur, sentir, odorat, flairer, embaumer, exhaler un odeur smelly: malodorant smelt: éperlan, fondre, fondent, fondez, fondons, fonds smite: frapper smitten: frappé smoke: fumée, fumer, fumes, fume, fument, fumez, fumons smokes: fume smoky: fumeux, enfumé smooth: lisse, uni, plat, lisser, douce, égaliser, polir smoulder: couver snatching: arrachement sneak: cafard, cafarder, se glisser, mouchard, moucharder, rapporteur snug: confortable, douillet, oreille de châssis, ergot soap: savon, savonner sober: sobre soil: sol, terre, souiller, salir, barbouiller solace: consolation, soulagement sold: vendîtes, vendirent, vendîmes, vendu, vendis, vendit, bradées soldier: soldat, militaire sole: sole, semelle, seul, plante, plante du pied, pur solve: résoudre, résolvez, résolvons, résous, résolvent, dénouer someone: quelqu'un, un somewhere: quelque part

son: fils song: chanson, chant sons: fils soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure soothed: calmèrent, rassura, rassurai, rassurâmes, rassuras, rassurâtes, rassurèrent, calmâtes, abattîtes, rassuré, calmâmes sore: ulcère, douloureux, plaie sorrow: abattement, chagrin sorry: désolé soul: âme soundly: de façon sensée ad, de façon sensée, judicieusement, solidement soup: soupe, potage sow: semer, truie, coche, ensemencer space: espace, espacer spare: épargner, économiser, être indulgent, rechange, pièce de rechange sparta: sparte spartan: spartiate speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent spear: lance, javelot spectral: spectral speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte spindle: axe, fuseau, broche, arbre, tige, pivot, mandrin spirit: esprit, vigueur spirits: spiritueux spiritual: spirituel spirituality: spiritualité spiritually: de manière spirituelle, spirituellement, de façon spirituelle spite: rancune, dépit spitting: crachement spleen: rate splendid: splendide, magnifique splendour: splendeur splintered: craquer split: fendre, fendu, fente, division, fractionner, fissure, crevasse, croûte, dédoublement, diviser, fendit spoke: parlas, parlèrent, parlâmes, parlai, parla, parlâtes, rayon spoken: parlé spool: bobine, tambour, canette, corps, spoule, bobiner spools: bobine spot: tache, endroit, place, point, destination, lieu, salir, localité, souiller, spot, message publicitaire spread: enduire, étaler, étendre, dispersion, écart, diffusion, propagation, se propager, tartiner, se répandre spring: ressort, source, fontaine, sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de springing: compensation, détente mécanique, agrandissement par explosion du fond d'un trou de

97 mine, bondir, gauchissement, naissance, sautage par mines pochées, retombée springs: sources, tortillons sprinkle: asperger, joncher, répandre, saupoudrer sprouting: pousse spy: espion, épier squabble: se quereller squandered: gaspillas, gaspillâtes, gaspillai, gaspillâmes, gaspillèrent, gaspilla, gaspillé squeeze: presser, serrer, compression, appuyer en écrasant, esquiche, coup de ventouse, pression stability: stabilité stabilizing: se stabilisant, stabilisant, stabilisation stacks: piles stake: pieu, poteau, échalas, jalon, piquet, perche stamp: timbre, estampiller, timbrer, cachet, poinçon, estampille, tampon, estamper, empreinte, tamponner, marque stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser standing: debout, permanent stands: tribune stare: dévisager, regard fixe, fixer, regarder fixement, regard stately: imposant statement: déclaration, constatation, énoncé, instruction stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner steaming: ébouillantage, étuvage, vaporisage, traitement à la vapeur, injection de vapeur, procédé d'étuvage, fumant, stérilisation à la vapeur sous pression step: pas, marche, étape, gradin, échelon, palier, faire les cent pas, marchepied steps: étapes, escalier stern: poupe, arrière, sévère stick: bâton, coller, canne, bâtonnet, stick, groupe de saut, s'agglutiner, crosse, coincer, baguette sticks: bûches, en bâtons stifled: étouffé, étouffas, étouffèrent, étouffâtes, étouffai, étouffa, étouffâmes sting: piquer, aiguillon, piqûre, piquant, dard stirring: agitation stolen: volé, volés, volée stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes, arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons

98 store: magasin, boutique, stocker, entrepôt, entreposer, mémoire, emmagasiner, ôter, enlever, réserve, conserver storm: orage, tempête, donner l'assaut stormy: orageux story: histoire, étage, récit, conte, relation, intrigue stow: arrimer, arrime, arriment, arrimes, arrimez, arrimons, ranger, ranges, range, rangeons, rangent straddle: ordre lié, enjamber straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne straightforward: simple, pur, franc strain: souche, tension, effort, fatigue, tendre strange: étrange, singulier, drôle, étranger, bizarre strangely: étrangement, de façon étrange, de manière étrange strangle: étrangler, étrangles, étranglez, étrangle, étranglons, étranglent straps: straps stream: courant, ruisseau, jet, fleuve, flot, rivière streaming: effet de canalisation strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique stress: tension, contrainte, souligner, accentuer, stress, accent, effort, sollicitation stretch: tendre, étirer, étendre, allongement, s'étendre, s'étirer strew: joncher, jonchent, jonchons, jonche, jonchez, jonches stride: pas, faire les cent pas, foulée, enjambée strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir strikes: grèves, asséne strip: bande, bandeau, se déshabiller, rayure, dépouiller, raie, déshabiller, bande photographique, bande d'atterrissage, lame, feuillard stripped: dégarni, désarmé, dénudé, dépouillé, dépouilla, dépouillâmes, dépouillai, dépouillés strong: fort, puissant, vigoureux, solide, robuste stubborn: têtu, obstiné, entêté, tenace stuffs: bourre subconscious: subconscient subject: sujet, thème, composition, objet submerged: submergé, submergeâmes, submergèrent,

Lysistrata submergeas, submergeai, submergea, submergeâtes substance: substance, fond subtle: subtil, fin subtlety: subtilité succour: soulager, secourir suck: sucer, téter, aspirer suddenly: soudainement, tout à coup, subitement, soudain, de manière subite, de façon subite, brusquement suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis sufferer: victime suffering: souffrant, subissant, souffrance sufficiently: suffisamment, assez, passablement, plutôt, de façon suffisante, de manière suffisante suggest: suggérer, suggère, suggères, suggérez, suggérons, suggèrent, proposer, désigner, inspirer, indiquer suit: costume, complet, convenir, procès, couleur sullen: maussade summon: convoquer, appeler, intimer summoned: appelé, convoquai, convoquâmes, convoqua, convoqués supper: souper, dîner supplies: fournitures, approvisionnement, approvisionnements, provisions suppose: supposer, suppose, supposes, supposons, supposent, supposez supremacy: suprématie sure: sûr, certain, assuré surely: certes, sûrement, d'abord, si, de manière sûre, de façon sûre surface: surface, superficie, comble, haut, faîte, sommet, summon surgeon: chirurgien surpasses: dépasse, surpasse, maîtrise surprise: surprendre, surprise suspect: soupçonner, suspecter, suspect, se méfier sustain: maintenir, appuyer, maintiens, maintiennent, maintenons, maintenez, accoter, appuient, appuyons, appuies, appuie swallows: avale swarm: fourmiller, grouiller, essaim, essaimer swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer,

transpiration, suinter sweep: balayer, balayage, courbure, draguer sweeping: balayage, balayant sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert swells: houles, forçage swinging: balancement, pivotant, oscillation swirl: tourbillonner, tourbillon, tournoyer swollen: gonflé, enflé sword: épée, sabre, glaive sworn: juré, jurées symbol: symbole sympathetic: sympathique, sympa, compatissant sympathy: sympathie, compassion symphony: symphonie tackle: palan, aborder, s'avancer, agrès, équipement, atteler, tacle, tirefort tact: tact, mesure takes: prend tale: conte, récit, relation talented: talentueux, doué talk: parler, parles, parle, parlez, parlent, parlons, causerie, discuter, discours, entretien talking: parlant, bavardage talks: parle tall: haut, grand tamed: apprivoisé tangle: chaos, imbroglio, enchevêtrement tangled: embrouillé tapped: entaillé, taraudé task: tâche, devoir taste: goût, goûter, saveur, déguster tasteless: insipide, de mauvais goût, fade, sans saveur, sans goût taught: enseignas, enseignâtes, enseignai, enseigné, enseignèrent, enseigna, enseignâmes, instruisirent, instruit, instruisîtes, instruisis tavern: taverne taxed: taxé tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure tearful: éploré tears: larmes tease: taquiner, agacer teeth: dents, denture temperate: sobre, tempéré, modéré temple: temple, tempe tempting: tentant tended: soignâtes, surveillé, surveillâtes, surveillas, surveillâmes, surveillai, surveilla, soigné, soignas, soignâmes, soignai tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave

Aristophanes tenderly: tendrement tension: tension tenth: dixième term: terme, durée, échéance terms: conditions, condition, termes terrible: terrible, affreux terrified: terrifié texture: texture, structure thank: remercier, remercies, remercie, remerciez, remercions, remercient thanks: remercie, merci, remerciement thee: toi, te, vous theirs: leur thick: épais, dense, gros thighs: cuisses thirst: soif, avoir soif thither: là thou: tu, vous, toi thousand: mille, millier thrace: Thrace threads: fils threat: menace threatening: menaçant, sinistre threatens: menace throbbing: vibration, palpiter, palpitant throwing: lancement thrown: jeté thumb: pouce thundering: énorme, tonnerre, tonitruant thy: ton ticklish: chatouilleux tides: marées tie: cravate, attacher, lien, nouer, attache, lier, relier, traverse, tirant, liaison tightly: de manière stricte, de façon stricte tightness: étanchéité, étroitesse till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que tiniest: le plus minuscule tipsy: pompette, gris toe: orteil, doigt du pied, bout toilets: toilettes toll: péage, sonner tongue: langue, languette tongues: langues tonight: ce soir top: sommet, haut, faîte, comble, summon, mutiler, couvercle, cime, supérieur, tête topmost: le plus haut, le plus élevé torch: torche, lampe de poche, lampe torche, flambeau torment: torture, tourmenter, supplice toss: lancement, tirage au sort touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez touches: touche

touching: attendrissant, émouvant, touchant town: ville, cité, localité trace: trace, tracer, décalquer, calquer, empreinte, impression, trait, piste, retracer tract: tractus, étendue, tract tradition: tradition tragic: tragique trailing: traînant trample: piétinement, fouler aux pieds travelling: voyageant, itinérant treasure: trésor, cassette treasury: trésorerie, Trésor public, trésor treat: traiter, régaler, soigner, régal, guérir treaty: traité tremble: trembler, tremblent, tremblement tremendous: énorme trickery: artifice, ruse tricks: truquages tricky: difficile tries: essaye trifle: bagatelle, babiole trim: garnir, tailler, décorer, égaliser, ébarber, assiette, rogner trinity: trinité tripping: déclenchement trireme: trirème triumph: triomphe, triompher trivial: insignifiant, banal troop: troupe troubled: inquiet troubles: gêne, troubles truce: trêve true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement trying: essayant tunic: tunique turbot: turbot turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes turned: tournâtes, tournas, tourna, tournai, tournèrent, tournâmes, tourné, retournèrent, retourné, retournâtes, retournas tut: zut twin: jumeau twirling: tournoiement twisted: tordu tyranny: tyrannie ultimately: finalement, enfin, de manière ultime, de façon ultime unassuming: prétention, sans prétention

99 undergrowth: couverture vivante, broussailles understand: comprendre, comprenez, comprends, comprenons, comprennent, entendre understood: comprîmes, compris, comprîtes, comprit, comprirent, comprise undying: éternel unerringly: de manière sûre, de façon sûre unforeseen: imprévu unfortunate: malheureux unified: unifiâtes, unifias, unifiai, unifièrent, unifia, unifiâmes, unifié union: union, syndicat, raccord uniqueness: unicité united: unîtes, unirent, unis, unîmes, unit, uni, appariai, apparièrent, apparié, appariâtes, appariâmes unity: unité universal: universel unless: à moins que, à moins de, sauf unlike: à la différence de unmannerly: mal élevé unpack: déballer, déballe, déballent, déballes, déballez, déballons, dépaqueter unseen: inaperçu unswerving: inébranlable untamed: indompté untangle: démêler, démêle, démêlent, démêles, démêlez, démêlons unwind: dérouler, déroule, déroulez, déroulons, déroules, déroulent, dévider, débobiner, dévidons, dévide, dévident uphill: montant upright: montant, droit, intègre, honnête, debout, vertical, montant droit uprightness: intégrité upset: renverser, stupéfait, vexé, bouleverser, bouleversé urge: inciter, presser, être urgent, pousser, exhorter urn: urne usual: habituel, ordinaire, accoutumé, usuel, général, courant utterly: complètement, de manière répandre, totalement, de façon répandre vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole valid: valable, valide valorous: vaillant, valeureux value: valeur, apprécier, mérite, évaluer values: valeurs various: divers, différents, varié vast: étendu, ample, vaste, large veil: voile, voiler veils: voiles

100 vein: veine, filon, veiner, nervure vendors: vendeurs, fournisseurs vengeance: revanche, vengeance venture: risquer, aventurer, oser, entreprise, oser entreprendre, aventure, hasarder veritable: véritable verminous: vermineux vexed: chagrina, chagrinai, chagrinâmes, chagrinas, chagrinâtes, chagriné, chagrinèrent, vexé, vexâtes, vexas, vexèrent victim: victime victory: victoire vigorous: vigoureux vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme villainous: vil, infâme vindication: justification violent: violent virginity: virginité virtue: vertu virtues: vertus vision: vision, vue visit: visite, visiter, visites, visitent, visitez, visitons, aller voir vitality: vitalité vitalizing: vivifiant vitally: de manière vitale, de façon vitale vitiated: vicièrent, viciâtes, vicias, viciâmes, vicia, viciai, vicié void: vide, manque, interstice, pore voids: vides vote: voter, vote, élire, scrutin, voix vulgar: vulgaire, trivial wag: farceur, remuer wager: parier, pari wailing: triage à la main, gémir, gémissement waist: taille, corset wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente wake: sillage, réveiller, se réveiller, se lever, s'éveiller walk: marcher, marches, marchons, marchent, marchez, promenade, marche, démarche, se promener wallets: sacoche walls: murs wandering: errant, vaguant, vagabond, errance, nomade wanton: dévergondé wants: veut warlike: guerrier, belliqueux warm: chaud, chauffer, cordial, chaleureux warmth: chaleur warping: gauchissement, ourdissage warring: en conflit warrior: guerrier, militaire wash: laver, laves, lavez, lavent, lavons, lave, lavage, blanchissage

Lysistrata washed: lavas, lavâtes, lavai, lava, lavèrent, lavâmes, lavé waste: gaspiller, déchets, gaspillons, gaspille, gaspillent, gaspilles, gaspillez, gaspillage, dissiper, déchet, perte wasted: gaspilla, gaspillèrent, gaspillâtes, gaspillas, gaspillâmes, gaspillai, gaspillé, prodiguèrent, gâché, gâchâtes, gâchas wasting: gaspillant, gâchant, prodiguant, gaspillage watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer watchful: vigilant ways: glissière, façons weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou wear: usure, porter, avoir, user weariness: lassitude, fatigue weary: las, fatigué weathercock: girouette web: toile, web, âme weep: pleurer, pleure, pleures, pleurons, pleurez, pleurent weighing: pesant, pesage, pesée weight: pesanteur, masse, balance, coefficient de pondération, charge, graisse weighty: important, lourd weird: bizarre, singulier welded: soudas, soudâtes, souda, soudèrent, soudai, soudâmes, soudé welter: fatras wench: jeune fille, gosse, fille wept: pleuras, pleurâtes, pleurai, pleuré, pleurâmes, pleurèrent, pleura whatever: quoi que whereas: attendu que, tandis que, durant, alors que, lors, pendant que, pendant whet: aiguiser, aiguise, aiguisons, aiguisez, aiguises, aiguisent whim: caprice whisper: chuchoter, chuchotement, murmurer whizz: filer whoever: quiconque wholly: complètement, entièrement, totalement, tout whom: qui whose: dont, duquel, de qui wicked: mauvais, méchant wide: large, ample, étendu, vaste, grand wider: largeur supérieure wife: femme, épouse wild: sauvage wilderness: désert wildly: de façon sauvage, de manière

sauvage willing: volontaire, disposé, prêt win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez wind: vent, enrouler, emmailloter, bobiner winding: bobinage, enroulement, enroulage, sinueux wine: vin wings: coulisses, ailes wink: clin d'oeil, clignement, faire un clin d'oeil wipe: essuyer, essuient, essuies, essuie, essuyez, essuyons, effacer wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent wisdom: sagesse, intelligence wise: sensé, raisonnable wish: souhait, désir, désirer, souhaiter, vouloir, volonté, gré wished: désira, souhaité, désirées, désirâmes, désirée, désirés wishes: vœux wit: esprit wither: se faner, dessécher, se flétrir withered: flétri, fané witnesses: témoigne witty: spirituel, fin, mental woe: hélas, aïe, malheur wolves: loups wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander wonderful: merveilleux, formidable wood: bois woodlands: terres boisées wool: laine woolly: laineux word: mot, parole, promesse works: travaux worn: usé worried: inquiet worry: chagriner, avoir soin de, se soucier de, s'occuper, souci, inquiétude worst: pire, le plus mauvais worth: valeur, mérite wove: tissai, tissa, tissèrent, tissâmes, vélin woven: tissé, tissées wrack: varech wrang: tordîmes, tordit, tordîtes, tordis, tordirent wrangle: se disputer, se quereller, dispute wreath: couronne wreathed: tressa, tressâtes, tressas, tressèrent, tressai, tressâmes, tressé, nattèrent, tissèrent, tissé, tissâtes wrenching: soulevage

Aristophanes wretch: malheureux, scélérat wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux wretchedly: de manière misérable, de façon misérable wringing: tordant wrinkled: ridé wrinkling: plissement write: écrire, écris, écrivent, écrivez, écrivons, composer, rédiger writing: écrivant, écriture, écrit, inscription written: écrit wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal wrote: écrivîtes, écrivis, écrivit, écrivirent, écrivîmes wrought: forgé, travaillé wrung: tordu yarn: fil, filé ye: vous, toi, tu yell: clamer, hurler, hurlement yelling: hurlement yellow: jaune, jaunir yesterday: hier yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer yonder: là, y younger: plus jeune youngster: ado yours: vôtre yourself: vous youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes youthfully: de façon jeune, de manière jeune zeal: zèle, ferveur zeus: Zeus

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