Контрольная работа №5 по английскому языку для студентов заочного отделения специальности МСФ (ААХ)

Министерство общего и профессионального образования Российской Федерации

Контрольная работа №5 по английскому языку для студентов заочного отделения специальности МСФ (ААХ)

Составитель: Доржиева Г.Б.

Улан-Удэ, 2000

Методические рекомендации к контрольной работе №5 Настоящая работа предназначена для студентов заочного отделения машиностроительного факультета. Целью контрольных заданий №5 является подготовка студентов к использованию иностранного языка в их профессиональной деятельности. Одной из задач в неязыковом вузе остается обучение чтению. Умение читать литературу по специальности является чрезвычайно важным аспектом владения языком для будущих специалистов – инженеров. Задания всех пяти вариантов контрольной работы направлены на развитие просмотрового, частично изучающего, и в основном ознакомительного чтения. При отборе текстового материала в качестве основного критерия служила информативность текстов и их соответствие интересам студентов специальности «Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство». Содержание предлагаемых текстов носит профессионально-ориентированный характер и освещает проблемы, связанные с эксплуатацией автомобиля – новые виды топлива, новые разработки и поиск в сфере экологически чистых видов автомобилей, испытания альтернативных видов источников энергии, усовершенствования в области управления автомобилями с помощью компьютера, безопасность водителя и пассажиров, повышения безопасности движения на дорогах. Все тексты для контрольных заданий взяты из оригинальных источников. В отдельных случаях тексты подвергались сокращению. Каждый вариант содержит два текста. Второй текст можно рассматривать в качестве основного, и в связи с этим он имеет

наиболее разнообразные задания, направленные на проверку умений ознакомительного чтения и навыков логикоинформативного анализа текста: -

определение основных смысловых частей текста; составление плана; заполнение таблицы; написание аннотации с использованием клише.

ВАРИАНТ 1 Задание 1. 1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос (письменно): In what cases will a system called Minigap be useful to drivers? 2. Переведите письменно первый абзац текста. The computer and the motor-car

Средством проверки может выступить устный или письменный перевод наиболее значимых фрагментов текста, а также собеседование по основным логическим частям второго текста.

1. When a man is driving a car for along a main road or motorway, two of his problems are to keep the car at a fairly steady speed and to make sure that he does not run into the car in front of him. The Ford Motor company is experimenting with a system which involves computer control of these two problems. The car’s computer keeps the speed steady. At the same time the distance between the car and any other car in front of it is measured by a beam of light transmitted forwards. The beam meets the rear reflectors of the car in front and is reflected back, so enabling the distance to be measured. This information is fed to the computer, which adjusts its speed control accordingly. 2. There are also to be experiments with a system called “Minigap”. This system will be particularly useful to drivers stuck in long queues of cars, as the computer would control not only the speed and the distance from the car in front, but also the steering. Using this system, a driver could switch over to Minigap, take out his newspaper and do the crossword puzzle while his car drivers most of the way home automatically. To the roadside observer, the line of cars would seem like a train which carriages could join or leave at will.

Задание 2. Прочитайте текст, используя слова и термины из списка: Vocabulary list: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

air pressure – давление воздуха tire (n) – шина inflate (v) – надувать; наполнять воздухом adjust (v) – регулировать, устанавливать enable (v) – давать возможность inch (n) – дюйм half (n) – половина 7. carbon dioxide – двуокись углерода 8. valve (n) – клапан 9. enhance (v) – увеличивать, усиливать More bold automotive ides intelligent wheels Sophisticated electronics are playing a big role in current automotive research. One of the latest applications is the “intelligent” wheelcomputerized systems that continually monitor the air pressure of automobile tires and alert drivers if their tires are over- or underinflated. Neotech Industries of Dallas is developing a digital electronic monitoring system. Another firm, techni Guidance Inc. of Santa Clara, Calif., has devised a product that not only monitors air pressure in tires but adjusts it automatically. The system, called entireControl, also enables a driver to set tire pressure while seated. Techni Guidance claims entireControl, which is still being tested, will enhance the safety and fuel efficiency of a car.

EntireControl consists of three separate modules. The first is the dashboard display, which houses the system’s main microprocessor, programming buttons and warning signals. It contains a tire-pressure display, which provides psi (pounds per square inch) readings for the front and back tires (in pairs); tire-positions indicators that light up when a tire is losing pressure; selectors that establish optimum tire pressure for city and highway driving; and buttons for setting specific tire pressure (within pre-programmed limits). The second component is the detector/drive module – which is essentially four microchips attached, in one unit, to the chassis. Each chip “faces” a tire and detects pressure changes that may occur. When they do, transistors within the module signal the third component – a programmable actuator transducer (PAT), which is attached to each wheel and inflates or deflates the tire. It includes half-inch-thick tubes containing compressed carbon dioxide that surround the inside of the wheel and connect to a mixing valve. If there is a hole in the tire and it cannot be inflated, the system will alert the driver. Moscow News News Week; (New York, N.Y.) 2.a) Укажите номера вопросов, на которые вы найдете ответы в тексте. b) Письменно ответьте на вопросы. 1. What kind of computerized system can monitor the air or pressure of automobile tires? 2. What enterprises are developing automotive monitoring systems? 3. Is it possible to apply these systems for regulating traffic?

4. 5. 6. 7.

How many modules are applied in EntireControl? Where is a tire-pressure display housed? What happens when a tire is loosing pressure? Does this system help to navigate the route of the car?

Chart I Module …

3. Прочитайте предложения и расположите их согласно логике текста. Выполняйте письменно: 1. The second component is the detector drive monitor. 2. The system enables a driver to set tire pressure while seated. 3. The system alerts drivers if the tires are over- or underinflated. 4. Selectors establish optimum tire pressure for city and highway driving. 5. Electronic monitoring systems are playing a big role in current automotive research. 6. Entire control consists of three modules. 7. The third component is attached to each wheel and inflates and deflates the tire. 4. Пользуясь информацией из текста, дополните следующую таблицу и озаглавьте ее. Выполняйте письменно.

Function

… dashboard indicators …

… is attached to the chassis …

provides psi readings for …

…

… …

…

5. a) Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите номера предложений, которые соответствуют содержанию текста. b) Внесите коррективы и перепишите. 1. This text is about current automotive research. 2. Two British firms are developing monitoring systems of the wheels. 3. The basis of the “intelligent wheel application” is a computerized system that monitors the fuel pressure of automotive tires. 4. Both systems consist of three separate components. 5. Specific tire pressure is set by buttons which are housed in the first module.

ВАРИАНТ 2 6. Пользуясь следующими клише, составьте аннотацию прочитанного текста. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

This text is about … The tittle of the text is … The text consists of three (four) parts. At the beginning the author describes … The main idea of the text is … The text provides useful information on …

Задание 1. 1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос письменно: What new features do the famous auto manufactures offer to provide comfort and safety? A computer for every car 1. Worried about falling asleep at the wheel? In Nissan’s Maxima, an optional “drowsiness-warning system” will recognize signs of driver fatigue and sound an alarm. Nissan’s backup-alarm system sounds a warning when you get close to other cars, curbs or obstacles. 2. General Motors, Ford and Chrysler also combine autos and computers in novel ways. They offer such features as selfadjusting suspensions, sensors that alter fuel mixture for efficient combustion and systems that diagnose a car’s mechanical troubles. Detroit expects to install devices to map routes and allow drivers to locate their positions on dashboard – display maps of city streets. Another product, similar to airliner flight recorders, would store details of a car’s operation to aid in repairs. 3. The Japanese have gone further in using microchips to enhance creature comforts and safety. Honda has a “smart gearshift”. As a driver shifts the four main gears, a microprocessor controls three intermediate gears for smoothness and better fuel economy. A radar autocruise system under study gauges the distance from vehicles in front and warns drivers when it senses

an impending collision. Also possible is a car that administers a sobriety test. To start the car, a driver breathes into an analyzer. If he or she has had too much, the car won’t start. Notes: 1. drowsiness (n) – сонливость, вялость 2. fatigue (n) – усталость 3. sobriety (n) – трезвость 2. Переведите письменно 2 и 3 абзацы. Задание 2. Прочитайте текст и выполните следующие за ним задания: Smart carburetor 1. It’s a bold company that spends nearly eight years improving a product that may not be around 20 years from now. But that’s what the Vacuum Carburetor Corp. of san Antonio, Texas, has done. The firm has developed a new vacuum-controlled constant-velocity carburetor, better known as the Econo Carb, which its maker says offers several advantages over ordinary carburetors – including 25 per cant better gasoline mileage, improved engine performance and easier starting. The device which has only 54 parts compared with some 300 in regular carburetors, has no choke or accelerator pump – and therefore cannot flood. The device constantly adjusts the mix of fuel and air in the manifold, which regular carburetors with fixed mixes cannot do. “When your engine demands fuel, it will give it just

enough to do the job,” says Frank Greene, president of Vacuum Carburetor. “It’s the same concept as a cruise control.” 2. The vacuum carburetor is not a new idea – some of the earliest carburetors (in the 1920s and 1930s) were vacuum-type. Al Woodworth, Californian, invented a modern vacuum carburetor several years ago; what Vacuum Carburetor has done is modify Woodworth’s creation, mainly by adding a fuel-injection “coldstart” mechanism that, the company claims, helps the engine turn over immediately in frigid weather. 3. Though the Econo Carb has been on sale for less than a year, it’s already being used by municipal car, truck and cab fleets in Nashville, Denver and San Antonio. What’s more, Saudi Arabia, China and Denmark are interested in importing the device. William Moreton, an executive at Vacuum Carburetor’s production plant in Kansas, says the Econo carb’s natural market is as a replacement for existing carburetors, especially in V-6 and V-8 engines. Notes: 1. Al Woodworth, a Californian – Эл Вудворт, житель Калифорнии 2. Nashville, Denver and san Antonio –) Нэшвил, Денвер и СанАнтонио (города в США) 1. Укажите номера вопросов, на которые вы сможете найти ответы в тексте: 1. What advantages over ordinary carburetors has a new vacuum-controlled carburetor?

2. Can the carburetor adjust the mix of fuel and air in the manifold? 3. When were the carburetors of vacuum type invented? 4. What helps the engine turn over immediately in frigid weather? 5. Is this carburetor being used by municipal car fleet in Detroit, Chicago and Las Vegas? 6. What countries are interested in importing the device? b) Письменно ответьте на вопросы. 2. Прочитайте следующие предложения и расположите их согласно логике текста. Выполняйте письменно: 1. The vacuum carburetor is not a new idea. 2. A fuel-injection “cold-start” mechanism helps the engine turn over immediately in frigid weather. 3. The Econo Cab offers several advantages over ordinary carburetors including easier starting. 4. The firm “vacuum Carburetor” in Texas has developed a new vacuum-controlled constant-velocity carburetor. 5. Regular carburetors with fixed mixes cannot adjust the mix of fuel and an in the manifold. 6. The Econo cab is already being used by municipal car fleet in Nashville, Denver and San Antonio. 3. Используя информацию из текста, сравните два вида карбюратора и заполните таблицу. Выполняйте письменно.

Chart I Regular Carburetor

EconoCab

4. Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите номера предложений, которые не соответствуют содержанию текста. Внесите коррективы и перепишите. 1. The firm in Arizona has developed a new electricallycontrolled constant velocity carburetor. 2. It offers several advantages over ordinary carburetorsincluding better gasoline mileage and improved engine performance. 3. The device cannot flood because it has no accelerator pump and has only 34 parts. 4. Regulator carburetors constantly adjust the mix of fuel and air in the manifold. 5. The vacuum carburetor is not a new idea. 6. The EconoCab is being used by municipal car, truck and fleets in Denver, Boston and San Diego. 7. A number of European countries are interested in importing the device. 5. Используя следующие клише, составьте аннотацию к прочитанному тексту. 1. The title of the text is …

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

There are … parts in the text. The first part of the text presents … The author underlines that … In conclusion the author presumes … The text provides useful information on …

ВАРИАНТ 3 Задание 1. 1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующий вопрос письменно: Why does Brazil believe that gasohol is one of the fuels of the future? New fuels 1. Seriously though, a Volkswagen Beetles (popular type of Volkswagen car) is part of modern technology – part of the search for new fuels to replace oil. It runs on a mixture of petrol and alcohol – called gasohol. And it’s one of six million cars in Brazil now using that fuel. Brazil is already in the post-petroleum age. Some of the trains in Brazil even use gasohol. And the steel factories there will soon run on gasohol. 2. It is quite easy to make alcohol. All you need is suger cane and vegetable matter. And Brazil has a lot of land on which to grow vegetable matter. The government of Brazil plans to export alcohol and the technology to make gasohol. So instead of importing petrol costing dollars a year day Brazil’s exports of fuel may be worth more than her imports. 3. So far, alcohol is more expensive than petrol. But it is a cleaner fuel and cars get a better mileage from it. And experts believe that in 1982 it will be cheaper than petrol. 4. Brazil believes that gasohol is one of the fuels of the future. And even the US is now spending money on programmes to

develop the production of gasohol. “This is one area of energy research in which the Brazilians have an advantage over everyone else,” said a US official to Newsweek magazine. “There are a lot of things for us to learn from Brazil”. BBC Modern English 2. Переведите письменно 2 и 3 абзацы текста. Задание 2. 1. Прочитайте текст и выполните следующие задания: Racing on solar power 1. It wasn’t actually much a race, but it certainly was an adventure. Recently in the coastal city of Darwin in northern Australia, 23 of the strangest-looking vehicles ever assembled set out on a 1,9800-mile journey of speed, endurance, technological ingenuity and sheer moxie. The object was to make it to Adelaide on the southern coast – preferably first but at the very least in one piece. The only fuel permitted was the energy of the sun, converted to electricity by solar cells. Solar-energy races have been held before, but this was by far the longest. And while at least one of the cars proved a stunning success, the contest nonetheless showed that man has not yet conquered the element around him. 2. The oddly shaped racers struggled from the start. In the 100degree heat of the Australian Outback, batteries went dead, solar cells burned out, voltage regulators broke down. The thin tires

on most of the cars tore to shreds on the rugged Stuart Highway, forcing long delays. Livestock, wild camels and kangaroos posed an ever-present threat to the cars. In addition, the lightweight vehicles also had to contend with Australia’s infamous “road trains” – the triple-trailer diesel trucks that barrel down the roads at more than 80 miles an hour. (All the entrants in the race, which was organized by Hans Tholstrup, an Australian adventurer and solar-power booster, had to pass stability tests to ensure that the turbulence from passing road trains wouldn’t blow them off the road. 3. Just 10 miles into the race, it was already clear, barring catastrophe, which the winner would be. General Motors and the engineers at its Hughes Aircraft subsidiary had devised a technological marvel of a car that combined the states of the art in solar and aerodynamic design. Officially called the Sunraycer but dubbed the “Flying Cockroach” because of its buglike physiognomy, the car raced along at an average at an average speed of 75 kilometres an hour. Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Darwin, Adelaide – города Дарвин и Аделаида (Австралия) 100-degree heat - 100º (по Фаренгейту) Stuart Highway – автодорога Стюарт (название) “Flying Cockroach” – “Летающий таракан” (прозвище) physiognomy – физиономия (зд. внешний вид)

1. Укажите номера вопросов, на которые вы сможете найти ответы в тексте: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

How many vehicles took part in the race? What were the starting and the final points of this journey? What kind of the fuel was permitted? Did gasoline cells burn out? Did the thick tyres force long delays? Why did the entrants have to pass stability tests? What company had devised the winner car? What average did the Sunraycer race at?

b) Письменно ответьте на вопросы. 2. Прочитайте следующие предложения и расположите их согласно логике текста. Выполняйте письменно. 1. The light weight vehicles had to contend with Australia’s infamous “road trains”. 2. The race was organized by Hans Tholstrup, an Australian adventurer and solar booster. 3. General Motors had devised a technological marvel of a car that combined the states of the art in solar and aerodynamic design. 4. The vehicles set out on a 1980-mile journey. 5. They started in the coastal city of Darwin to Adelaide on the southern coast. 6. The energy of the sun, converted to electricity by solar cells, was the only fuel permitted.

7. The thin tires torn to shreds forced long delays. 8. The oddly shaped racers struggled from the start. 3. Используя информацию из текста, заполните таблицу, описывающую автопробег. Chart I Parametres 1. ………… 2. Distance 3. Points 4. Number of the entrants 5. ……….. 6. ……….. 7. Long delays (reasons) 8. Problems on the road 9. The winner 10. Average speed

Information Australia ………. ………. ………. solar energy 100º degrees heat heat, … went dead, … … , kangaroos, … ……….. ………..

5.Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите номера предложений, которые не соответствуют содержанию текста. Внесите коррективы и перепишите. 1. Twenty five strangest-looking vehicles set out on a 1970-mile journey. 2. The only fuel permitted was the energy of the sun. 3. Solar-energy races have never been held before. 4. The oddly shaped racers struggled from the start.

5. Batteries went dead and voltage regulators broke down because of the high air temperature. 6. The entrants of the race were posed by animals and the tripletrailer diesel trucks on the road during their journey. 7. The winner car, designed by the engineers of GM (General Motors), combined the states of the art in solar and airdynamic project. 6. Пользуясь следующими клише, составьте аннотацию к прочитанному тексту: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The title of the text is … This text deals with … The text consists of … parts. At the beginning the author describes … The text provides useful information on … The main idea of the text is …

ВАРИАНТ 4 Задание 1. 1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос (письменно): What is motor vehicle use responsible for? 2. Переведите письменно 2 абзац текста. Advantages and disadvantages 1. In the United States the car is now used for about 98% of all urban transportation, 85% of all travel to and from work. In widely dispersed American cities like L-A, Detroit, Denver, Phoeuix and Houston, 88% to 94% of the people drive to and from work. The number of cars and trucks in the USA is growing twice as fast as the number of people. With only 48% of the word’s people, the US has 1/3 of the word’s 400 mil.cars. By contrast, China and India, with 37% the world’s people, have only 0,5% of its cars. 2. In America’s dispersed cities cars are not just a necessity, they are a way of life. The average distance each US motorist travels has doubled since 1960. No wonder British author J.B.Priestley remarked, “In America, the cars have become the people.” Though we tend to deny it, riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we do in our daily lives. Worldwide, cars and trucks kill an average of 320000 people , maim 500000 and injure 10 million a year. Half of the world’s people will be

involved in an accident some time during their life. Each year the USA motor vehicle accident kill around 48,000 people and seriously injure at least 300000. These accident cost society about $ 60 billion annually in lost income and in insurance, administrative, and legal expenses. 3. By providing almost unlimited mobility, automobiles and highways have been a major factor in urban sprawl in the US and other countries with large livable land areas. This dispersal of cities has made it increasingly difficult for subways, trolleys, and buses to be economically feasible alternatives to the private car. 4. In the US motor vehicles account for 63% of the country’s oil consumption (up from 50% in 1973) and produce at least 50% of the country’s air pollution, even though US emission standards are as strict as any in the world. Motor vehicle use is also responsible for water pollution from oil spills, gasoline spills, and the dumping of used engine oil. What do you think should be done? “Environmental Science Sustaining Earth” G.Tyler Miller, J.R. Notes: 1. L-A – Los Angeles 2. Billion – (ам.) миллиард 3. truck – (ам.) грузовик

Задание 2. Прочитайте текст, используя слова из списка: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

impale (v) – пронзать laminated (a) – пластинчатый, слоистый edge (n) – край, кромка padded – обитый чем-л. мягким allege (v) – утверждать, заявлять Car safety

1. Many modern cars have steering columns which will collapse under the weight of the driver rather than impale him. Improvements have been made in windscreen materials. Both toughened glass and laminated “high penetration resistant” glass reduce the number and extent of disfiguring injures. The possibility of injury can also be reduced by replacing all sharp edges inside the car by rounded edges and padded surfaces. 2. The most effective way of reducing injures inside the car is to hold people firmly in their seats. Throughout the period of impact and deceleration. Various passive restraint systems have been developed. A few years ago it was thought that air bags would provide the answer. These would inflate on impact and pin the occupants of the car to their seats. Although many thousands of cars were equipped with air bags in the USA, opinion is turning against them. They are expensive and, it is alleged, cannot be relied upon to inflate on impact, especially if they have been in the car for several months. 3. The most acceptable way of holding people in their seats is by using ordinary seat belts. Expert opinion overwhelmingly

believes that seat belts save lives and reduce the severity of injures. 4. Modern seat belts are comfortable and easy to use. It is compulsory to wear seat belts at least some of the time in all the EFC expect Britain and Italy. Everyone who drives a car can contribute to road safety by taking care of their car maintenance and by driving with care. We can all improve our own chances of survival by always wearing a seat belt when we are in a car. from “Moscow News” 2. Укажите номера вопросов, на которые вы найдете ответы в тексте. Ответьте письменно на вопросы: 1. Can the possibility of injury be reduced by replacing all sharp edges inside the car? 2. What improvements have been made in windscreen materials? 3. What are the most effective ways of reducing injures inside the car? 4. Why were many thousands of cars equipped with plastic bags? 5. Why is opinion turning against air bags? 6. What is the most acceptable way of holding people in their seats? 7. How can we all improve our chances of survival? 3. Прочитайте предложения и расположите их согласно логике текста. Выполняйте письменно. 1. The most effective way of reducing injures inside the car is to hold people firmly in their seats. 2. Many thousands of cars were equipped with air bags.

3. Opinion is turning against air bags because they are expensive. 4. The possibility of injures can be reduced by improvements in windscreen materials and by replacing all sharp edges inside the car. 5. Various passive restraint systems have been developed. 6. We can contribute to road safety by taking care of the car maintenance and by driving with care. 7. Experts believe that seat belts save lives and reduce the severity of injures. 8. Modern seat belts are comfortable and easy to use. 4. Пользуясь информацией из текста, заполните следующую таблицу. Если в таблице есть неточности, внесите коррективы. Выполняйте письменно. Chart I. Car safety ………….. Air bags

……….

Advantages pin …to their seats

1. ……………… 2. ……………… 3. ………………

1. 2. 1. 2.

Disadvantages …are cheap can be relied upon … on impact are not easy to use ………………

5. a) Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите номера предложений, которые соответствуют содержанию текста. b) Внесите коррективы и перепишите. 1. People can improve their chances of survival by wearing a seat belt when they are in a car. 2. Various passive restraint systems have been developed. 3. Improvements have been made in steering columns construction. 4. The possibility of injures can be reduced by improvements in windscreen materials. 5. Opinion is turning against air bags because they are not reliable throughout the period of impact and deceleration. 6. Experts believe that the most acceptable way of holding people in their seats is by using ordinary seat belts. 7. It is compulsory to wear seat belts in Russia, Britain and Italy. 6. Пользуясь следующими клише, составьте аннотацию к прочитанному тексту: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

This text is about … The title of the text is … The text consists of three parts … The subject of the text is … At the beginning the author states that … The text provides useful information on …

ВАРИАНТ 5 Задание 1. 1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос (письменно): Why are electromagnetically recharged buses free to travel off the buslanes? 2. Переведите письменно 1 абзац текста. Magnetic tracks for electric buses 1. One of the hindrances in the development of electric vehicles is the limited range afforded by battery power. A unique electricbus fleet scheduled for a test run later this year in Santa Barbara, Calif., promises to be a step toward solving the problem for mass-transit systems. Systems Control Technology of Palo Alto, Calif., has designed battery-powered buses that can be recharged on the road, drawing their power from underground cables along the route. There is no physical contact between the bus and the cables. Instead, an electrical current running through the cables creates magnetic field that is picked up by conductors beneath the chassis and absorbed by 64 heavy-duty electrical cells that power the bus. 2. Unlike electric buses and trolleys that are fed from overhead cables, electromagnetically recharged buses are free to travel limited distances off the bus lanes using power stored in the battery cells. Unlike conventional battery-powered vehicles, overnight layover for recharging is not needed since the buses will replenish their power while on the go. Still, no one is

expecting this novel system to be cost-efficient yet. Developed for about $15 million, the system is strictly in a research stage. In fact, riders of the experimental buses will not be charged a fare. “Moscow News” from Newsweek (New York, N.Y) Notes: 1. Santa Barbara, Calif.- S-B., California 2. fleet (n) – флот; зд. парк (автомобилей) 3. Unlike (prep.) – в отличие от Задание 2. 1. Прочитайте текст, пользуясь словами из списка: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

a number of – ряд (транспортных средств) destination (n) – место назначения indirect(ly) – непрямой, зд. косвенный either …or .. – или…или… unbelievable – невероятно Transport for tomorrow

1. One thing is certain about the public transport of the future: it must be much more efficient than it is today. The time is coming when it will be quicker to fly across the Atlantic to New York than (for the London office worker, at least) to travel from home

to the office. The two main problems are: what vehicle shall we use and how can we plan out use of it? 2. There are already a number of modern vehicles which are not yet in common use, but which may become a usual means of transport in the future. One of these is the small electric car: we go out into the street, find an empty car, get into it, drive to our destination (either freely on a road as in a present-day car, or along. In fact, there may be no need to drive these cars. With automatic guidance system, it will be possible for us to select our destination just as today we select a telephone number, and or car will move automatically to the address we want. Payment for the journey could be made either indirectly through taxes (in other words, the journey would be “free”), or directly be means of a credit card. 3. Long journeys in private cars could also use automatic guidance systems. We can imagine a time when laying down the necessary equipment for a guidance system will be part of the normal motorway construction work, just as railway tracks have been laid down in the past. Arriving on the motorway, a driver will select the lane he wishes to use, switch over to automatic driving, and then relax – dream, read the newspaper, have a meal, flirt with his passenger – while the car does the work for him. Unbelievable? It is already possible. Just as in many ships and aircraft today we are piloted automatically for the greater part of the journey, so in the future we may also have this luxury in our own cars. 4. On the other hand, we may not wish to bother with car ownership at all. Their use may be forbidden in towns, and they may be so much slower and more inconvenient for longer distances that private ownership of them may disappear. They

will not, of course, be replaced entirely in towns by the guided, self-drive taxi. Underground railways will still take care of the longer, cross-town journeys and of commuter traffic. From “Outlook: Science at Work” by John Parry. From Moscow News 2. Укажите номера вопросов, на которые вы найдете ответы в тексте. Ответьте письменно на вопросы: 1. Will the public transport of the future be more efficient? 2. Is the small electric car in common use now? 3. Why will the cars in the future move automatically to the place of destination? 4. How could payment for the journey be made? 5. How could long journeys be taken in future? 6. Will the cars of the future be piloted automatically like many ships and aircraft? 7. What kind of transport will take care of the commuter traffic? 3. Прочитайте предложения и расположите их согласно логике текста. Выполняйте письменно. 1. The car with automatic driving will do the work for a driver. 2. The laying down the necessary equipment for a guidance system will be part of the normal construction work. 3. Small electric cars may become a usual means of transport in the future.

4. With automatic driving system it will be possible to drive to the address we want. 5. The public transport of the future must be much more efficient than it is today. 6. It will be possible for us to select our destination just as today we select a telephone number. 7. Payment will be made by means of a credit card. 4. Пользуясь информацией из текста, заполните следующую таблицу. Если в тексте есть неточности, внесите коррективы. Выполняйте письменно.

Chart I. Transport for tomorrow. Means for transport 1. ……………………

2.Private cars.

Features 1. …. …. the lane he wishes to use. 2. are piloted automatically. 3. ………………………… 4. ………………………… 5. automatic guidance system will be used. 1. Payment could be made by means of post cards. 2. …………………………. 3. With automatic guidance system there may be no need to drive these cars. 4. You get out of ….. and lock the car. 5. It will be possible for us to select ……………………

5.a) Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите номера предложений, которые соответствуют содержанию текста. b) Внесите коррективы и перепишите. 1. Payment for the journey could be made by means of a credit card. 2. Small electric cars may become a usual means of transport in the future.

3. The public transport of the future must be much more efficient them it is today. 4. The laying down the necessary equipment for a computer system will be part of the normal construction work. 5. The cars of the future will be piloted automatically like many spaceships. 6. Underground railways will take care of commuter traffic. 6. Пользуясь следующими клише, составьте аннотацию к прочитанному тексту. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

This text is about … The title of the text is … The text consists of three (four) parts. The subject of the text is … At the beginning the author states that … The text provides useful information on …7