The Awakening & Other Short Stories (Webster's Thesaurus Edition)

THE AWAKENING & OTHER SHORT STORIES WEBSTER’S THESAURUS EDITION FOR PSAT ® , SAT ® , GRE ® , LSAT ® , GMAT ® , AND AP ® ENGLISH TEST PREPARATION

Kate Chopin

PSAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE, AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

The Awakening & Other Short Stories Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

Kate Chopin

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com The Awakening & Other Short Stories: Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25291-0

iii

Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1 THE AWAKENING ............................................................................................................. 3 I........................................................................................................................................................................ 5 II....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 III ................................................................................................................................................................... 13 IV ................................................................................................................................................................... 17 V .................................................................................................................................................................... 20 VI ................................................................................................................................................................... 25 VII.................................................................................................................................................................. 26 VIII ................................................................................................................................................................ 35 IX ................................................................................................................................................................... 41 X..................................................................................................................................................................... 47 XI ................................................................................................................................................................... 52 XII.................................................................................................................................................................. 55 XIII ................................................................................................................................................................ 61 XIV ................................................................................................................................................................ 67 XV.................................................................................................................................................................. 71 XVI ................................................................................................................................................................ 79 XVII............................................................................................................................................................... 85 XVIII.............................................................................................................................................................. 91 XIX ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 XX................................................................................................................................................................ 101 XXI .............................................................................................................................................................. 107 XXII ............................................................................................................................................................. 113 XXIII............................................................................................................................................................ 117 XXIV............................................................................................................................................................ 123 XXV ............................................................................................................................................................. 127 XXVI............................................................................................................................................................ 133 XXVII .......................................................................................................................................................... 139 XXVIII......................................................................................................................................................... 141 XXIX............................................................................................................................................................ 143

iv XXX ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 XXXI............................................................................................................................................................ 155 XXXII .......................................................................................................................................................... 159 XXXIII ......................................................................................................................................................... 163 XXXIV......................................................................................................................................................... 171 XXXV .......................................................................................................................................................... 175 XXXVI......................................................................................................................................................... 179 XXXVII........................................................................................................................................................ 185 XXXVIII ...................................................................................................................................................... 189 XXXIX ......................................................................................................................................................... 193 BEYOND THE BAYOU ................................................................................................... 199 MA'AME PELAGIE......................................................................................................... 207 I.................................................................................................................................................................... 209 II................................................................................................................................................................... 213 III ................................................................................................................................................................. 217 IV ................................................................................................................................................................. 221 DESIREE'S BABY.......................................................................................................... 223 A RESPECTABLE WOMAN ............................................................................................ 231 THE KISS...................................................................................................................... 237 A PAIR OF SILK STOCKINGS......................................................................................... 241 THE LOCKET ................................................................................................................ 247 I.................................................................................................................................................................... 249 II................................................................................................................................................................... 253 A REFLECTION ............................................................................................................. 257 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 259

Kate Chopin

1

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Designed for school districts, educators, and students seeking to maximize performance on standardized tests, Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of The Awakening & Other Short Stories by Kate Chopin was edited for students who are actively building their vocabularies in anticipation of taking PSAT®, SAT®, AP® (Advanced Placement®), GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT® or similar examinations.1 Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of synonyms and antonyms for difficult and often ambiguous English words that are encountered in other works of literature, conversation, or academic examinations. Extremely rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority in the notes compared to words which are “difficult, and often encountered” in examinations. Rather than supply a single synonym, many are provided for a variety of meanings, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of the English language, and avoid using the notes as a pure crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not noted on a page, chances are that it has been highlighted on a previous page. A more complete thesaurus is supplied at the end of the book; Synonyms and antonyms are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

1

Kate Chopin

THE AWAKENING

3

Kate Chopin

5

I

A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over: "Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! That's all right!" He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence.% Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow "bridges" which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining. He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers

Thesaurus breeze: (n) breath, air, gust, gale, flurry, zephyr, rumor, wind, blow, bise; (v) move. ceased: (adj) finished. exclamation: (n) clamor, ejaculation, exclaiming, utterance, whoop, interjection, shout, expletive, deuce, Dickens, ecphonesis. maddening: (adj) exasperating, annoying, aggravating, irritating, galling, trying, vexing, madden, bothersome, crazy, vexatious.

ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, soothing, satisfying. mockingbird: (n) oscine, flouter, jeerer. parrot: (n, v) mimic; (n) popinjay, poll, parakeet, macaw, copycat, cockateel, Amazon, cockatiel, cockatoo; (v) ape. quitting: (n) departure, resignation. repeating: (n) repeat, iteration, renewal, repetition, redundancy, copying, reduplication; (adj) repetitious, iterating, iterative,

repetitive. rocker: (n) rocking chair, cradle, teenager, stripling, support, shoofly, chair, musician, platform rocker, player, adolescent. seated: (adj) sat, sedentary. whistling: (n) whistle, sound, tin whistle, music, pennywhistle, sign, signal, signaling. wicker: (n) wickerwork, caning, wood, dwelling, home, osier, piece of work, Wike, cane; (adj) twiggen.

6

The Awakening

had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before.% Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed. Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called "the house," to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins, were playing a duet from "Zampa" upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining-room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skirts crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelet's lugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the wateroaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontellier's two children were there sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air. Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snail's pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow camomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post. "What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!" exclaimed Mr. Pontellier.

Thesaurus camomile: (n) chamomile, Anthemis nobilis, herb. crinkled: (adj) corrugated, wrinkled, zigzag, crinkly, uneven, curly, wavelike, knock kneed, wavy. croquet: (n) golf, polo, pallone, tipcat. demurely: (adv) soberly, primly, virtuously, staidly, reservedly, solemnly, sedately, bashfully, seriously, gravely, properly. ANTONYMS: (adv) improperly, brazenly, brashly, boldly.

duet: (n) twosome, deuce, brace, pair, pensive; (adj) wistful, reflective, duo, duetto, dyad, two, Twain, broody, museful, ruminative, musing, brooding; (v) philosophical, Gemini, twins. hazily: (adv) mistily, foggily, sedate. indistinctly, vaguely, fuzzily, faintly, quadroon: (n) octoroon. starched: (adj) formal, starch, dimly, unclearly, indefinitely, blurrily, blearily. ANTONYMS: (adv) punctilious, ceremonious, majestic, distinctly, precisely. solemn, inflexible, prim, stately, lugger: (n) cutter, corvette, clipper, severe, ritual. foist, ketch, sloop, smack, yawl, hoy, sunshade: (n) awning, canopy, barge, sail lugger. parasol, shade, sunblind, marquee, meditative: (adj, v) thoughtful, umbrella, tilt, blind, covering, tent.

Kate Chopin

7

He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him.% "You are burnt beyond recognition," he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her fawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he, understanding, took the rings from his vest pocket and dropped them into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile. "What is it?" asked Pontellier, looking lazily and amused from one to the other. It was some utter nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a mind to go over to Klein's hotel and play a game of billiards. "Come go along, Lebrun," he proposed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier. "Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna," instructed her husband as he prepared to leave. "Here, take the umbrella," she exclaimed, holding it out to him. He accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away. "Coming back to dinner?" his wife called after him. He halted a moment and shrugged his shoulders. He felt in his vest pocket; there was a ten-dollar bill there. He did not know; perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. It all depended upon the company which he found over at Klein's and the size of "the game." He did not say this, but she understood it, and laughed, nodding good-by to him. Both children wanted to follow their father when they saw him starting out.

Thesaurus billiards: (n) billa, pingpong, pyramids, pool, bagatelle. clasping: (adj) tendril. descended: (v) extraught. fawn: (v) crawl, creep, grovel, cringe, cower, crouch, bootlick, kowtow, blandish, flatter; (n) deer. ANTONYMS: (v) insult, despise, ignore, domineer. halted: (adj) motionless, nonmoving, unmoving. knees: (n) knee.

lazily: (adv) indolently, idly, slothfully, languidly, slowly, torpidly, supinely, lethargically, sleepily, drowsily, apathetically. ANTONYMS: (adv) dynamically, vigorously. nodding: (adj) cernuous, drooping, dozy, dozing, somnolent, drugged, pendulous, drowsing, droopy, annuent, flagging. ANTONYM: (adj) awake. plunge: (n, v) drop, dive, fall, jump; (v) douse, duck, submerge, crash, dunk,

plummet; (adj, v) immerse. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (v) hesitate; (n) improvement. shapely: (adj) symmetrical, comely, graceful, neat, fit, curvaceous, slim, pleasing, busty, seemly, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, misshapen, unshapely. vest: (n) waistcoat, undershirt, singlet, oilskins, jubbah; (v) invest, clothe, enthrone, endow, put, ordain. ANTONYM: (v) divest.

8

The Awakening

He kissed them and promised to bring them back bonbons and peanuts.%

Thesaurus bring: (v) convey, get, take, bear, carry, put, conduct, return, reduce, set, bring in. ANTONYMS: (v) drop, free, leave, lose, remove, avoid. promised: (adj) pledged, affianced, betrothed, busy, devoted, employed, greatly interested, intended, involved; (v) benempt, named.

Kate Chopin

9

II

Mrs. Pontellier's eyes were quick and bright; they were a yellowish brown, about the color of her hair. She had a way of turning them swiftly upon an object and holding them there as if lost in some inward maze of contemplation or thought.% Her eyebrows were a shade darker than her hair. They were thick and almost horizontal, emphasizing the depth of her eyes. She was rather handsome than beautiful. Her face was captivating by reason of a certain frankness of expression and a contradictory subtle play of features. Her manner was engaging. Robert rolled a cigarette. He smoked cigarettes because he could not afford cigars, he said. He had a cigar in his pocket which Mr. Pontellier had presented him with, and he was saving it for his after-dinner smoke. This seemed quite proper and natural on his part. In coloring he was not unlike his companion. A clean-shaved face made the resemblance more pronounced than it would otherwise have been. There rested no shadow of care upon his open countenance. His eyes gathered in and reflected the light and languor of the summer day. Mrs. Pontellier reached over for a palm-leaf fan that lay on the porch and began to fan herself, while Robert sent between his lips light puffs from his

Thesaurus captivating: (adj, v) enchanting, show, whiten, untwist, denote, evasiveness. charming, engaging; (adj) attractive, languor: (adj, n) inactivity, inertia, depict, represent, blanch, blench. coloring: (n) color, paint, coloration, feebleness; (n) lethargy, fatigue, absorbing, alluring, bewitching, delightful, engrossing, lovely, tint, colouring, dye, complexion, infirmity, lassitude, weakness, enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj) pigment, colour, dyeing, colouration. indifference, ennui; (adj) atony. frankness: (n) honesty, truth, ANTONYM: (n) energy. repellent, boring, unpleasant, unappealing, forgettable, annoying. forthrightness, candidness, freedom, rested: (adj) comfortable. cigars: (n) cigar. yellowish: (adj) sallow, yellowed, sincerity, candour, plainness, color: (n, v) flush, blush, tint, tinge, bluffness, outspokenness, flavescent, xanthous, turning yellow, paint, stain; (adj, n, v) colour; (v) ingenuousness. ANTONYMS: (n) sensationalistic, jaundiced, luteous, redden; (n) guise, complexion; (adj, n) cunning, tact, delicacy, deceit, chickenhearted, easily frightened, tone. ANTONYMS: (v) discolor, pale, conformity, reticence, indirectness, chicken.

10

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

cigarette. They chatted incessantly: about the things around them; their amusing adventure out in the water-it had again assumed its entertaining aspect; about the wind, the trees, the people who had gone to the Cheniere; about the children playing croquet under the oaks, and the Farival twins, who were now performing the overture to "The Poet and the Peasant." Robert talked a good deal about himself. He was very young, and did not know any better. Mrs. Pontellier talked a little about herself for the same reason. Each was interested in what the other said. Robert spoke of his intention to go to Mexico in the autumn, where fortune awaited him. He was always intending to go to Mexico, but some way never got there. Meanwhile he held on to his modest position in a mercantile house in New Orleans, where an equal familiarity with English, French and Spanish gave him no small value as a clerk and correspondent.% He was spending his summer vacation, as he always did, with his mother at Grand Isle. In former times, before Robert could remember, "the house" had been a summer luxury of the Lebruns. Now, flanked by its dozen or more cottages, which were always filled with exclusive visitors from the "Quartier Francais," it enabled Madame Lebrun to maintain the easy and comfortable existence which appeared to be her birthright. Mrs. Pontellier talked about her father's Mississippi plantation and her girlhood home in the old Kentucky bluegrass country. She was an American woman, with a small infusion of French which seemed to have been lost in dilution. She read a letter from her sister, who was away in the East, and who had engaged herself to be married. Robert was interested, and wanted to know what manner of girls the sisters were, what the father was like, and how long the mother had been dead. When Mrs. Pontellier folded the letter it was time for her to dress for the early dinner. "I see Leonce isn't coming back," she said, with a glance in the direction whence her husband had disappeared. Robert supposed he was not, as there were a good many New Orleans club men over at Klein's.

Thesaurus birthright: (n) patrimony, inheritance, youthhood, maidhood, age. overture: (n, v) offer, advance; (n) incessantly: (adv) constantly, heritage, claim, right of prelude, approach, introduction, primogeniture, tradition, legacy, endlessly, continually, perpetually, preface, opening, presentation, feeler, demand, due, entitlement, heirloom. continuously, unceasingly, eternally, bid, motion. ANTONYMS: (n) finale, bluegrass: (n) blue grass, bluegrass persistently, unremittingly, conclusion, postscript. country. unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS: vacation: (n) leisure, leave, time off, dilution: (n) lotion, weakening, (adv) sporadically, briefly. recess, break, rest, stay, day of rest, maceration, rarefaction, adulteration, mercantile: (adj) commercial, business, sabbath, dies non, outing. whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence, diluting, thinning, solution, yield trade, mercenary, economic, dilution, intensity, concentration. merchant, trading, moneymaking, because, for, why, wherefore, how, girlhood: (n) adolescence, boyhood, commercial relations, for profit, then, then thence so, how comes it, maidenhood, youth, babyhood, industrial. how happens it.

Kate Chopin

11

When %Mrs. Pontellier left him to enter her room, the young man descended the steps and strolled over toward the croquet players, where, during the halfhour before dinner, he amused himself with the little Pontellier children, who were very fond of him.

Thesaurus amused: (adj) amusing, smiling, fond: (adj) affectionate, caring, tickled pink, pleased, diverted. devoted, tender, loving, amorous, dinner: (n) banquet, lunch, dinner delicate, adoring, doting, ardent, party, meal, party, beanfeast, spread; attached. ANTONYMS: (adj) (v) tiffin, dejeuner, bever; (adj) aversion, cold, rough. players: (n) cast list, company, dinnerly. enter: (v) enroll, embark, chronicle, dramatis personae, group of actors, book, record, input, arrive, come, side, squad. room: (n) chamber, occasion, house, pierce, register, penetrate. ANTONYMS: (v) depart, exit, delete, apartment, opportunity, hall, stop, refrain, erase, egress, abstain, opening, compartment, expanse, extent; (v) board. ANTONYM: (n) cancel, exclude, disembark.

walkway. steps: (n) step, stairs, staircase, stairway, flight, stepladder, scale, backstairs, companionway, escalator, stair. toward: (prep) to, towards, approaching, headed for, just before, of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on; (adv) about, around, by. ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away.

Kate Chopin

13

III

It was eleven o'clock that night when Mr. Pontellier returned from Klein's hotel. He was in an excellent humor, in high spirits, and very talkative. His entrance awoke his wife, who was in bed and fast asleep when he came in. He talked to her while he undressed, telling her anecdotes and bits of news and gossip that he had gathered during the day. From his trousers pockets he took a fistful of crumpled bank notes and a good deal of silver coin, which he piled on the bureau indiscriminately with keys, knife, handkerchief, and whatever else happened to be in his pockets. She was overcome with sleep, and answered him with little half utterances.% He thought it very discouraging that his wife, who was the sole object of his existence, evinced so little interest in things which concerned him, and valued so little his conversation. Mr. Pontellier had forgotten the bonbons and peanuts for the boys. Notwithstanding he loved them very much, and went into the adjoining room where they slept to take a look at them and make sure that they were resting comfortably. The result of his investigation was far from satisfactory. He turned and shifted the youngsters about in bed. One of them began to kick and talk about a basket full of crabs. Mr. Pontellier returned to his wife with the information that Raoul had a high fever and needed looking after. Then he lit a cigar and went and sat near the

Thesaurus discouraging: (adj) discouragingly, chill, disappointing, disheartening, bad, bleak, gloomy, sad, demoralizing, daunting, dispiriting. ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging, uplifting, inspiring, heartening, comfortable, hopeful. fistful: (n) containerful. humor: (n, v) caprice, freak, humour; (n) temper, mood, disposition, wit; (v) indulge, gratify; (adj, n) spirit, frame of mind. ANTONYMS: (n)

seriousness, gravity, solemnity; (v) displease. indiscriminately: (adv) promiscuously, arbitrarily, randomly, at random, every which way, irregularly, chaotically, sweepingly, unsystematically, messily, wholesalely. ANTONYM: (adv) systematically. peanuts: (n) bit, chump change, small change, stipend, trivia, chicken feed, piece of cake.

talkative: (adj, v) loquacious; (adj) garrulous, chatty, gabby, verbose, gossipy, glib, communicative, voluble, talky, wordy. ANTONYMS: (adj) reserved, mute, silent, shy, quiet, uncommunicative, restrained, reticent. undressed: (adj) naked, unclad, unclothed, bare, raw, stripped, unattired, unappareled, crude, rough, disrobed. ANTONYMS: (adj) covered, decent.

14

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

open door to smoke it.% Mrs. Pontellier was quite sure Raoul had no fever. He had gone to bed perfectly well, she said, and nothing had ailed him all day. Mr. Pontellier was too well acquainted with fever symptoms to be mistaken. He assured her the child was consuming at that moment in the next room. He reproached his wife with her inattention, her habitual neglect of the children. If it was not a mother's place to look after children, whose on earth was it? He himself had his hands full with his brokerage business. He could not be in two places at once; making a living for his family on the street, and staying at home to see that no harm befell them. He talked in a monotonous, insistent way. Mrs. Pontellier sprang out of bed and went into the next room. She soon came back and sat on the edge of the bed, leaning her head down on the pillow. She said nothing, and refused to answer her husband when he questioned her. When his cigar was smoked out he went to bed, and in half a minute he was fast asleep. Mrs. Pontellier was by that time thoroughly awake. She began to cry a little, and wiped her eyes on the sleeve of her peignoir. Blowing out the candle, which her husband had left burning, she slipped her bare feet into a pair of satin mules at the foot of the bed and went out on the porch, where she sat down in the wicker chair and began to rock gently to and fro. It was then past midnight. The cottages were all dark. A single faint light gleamed out from the hallway of the house. There was no sound abroad except the hooting of an old owl in the top of a water-oak, and the everlasting voice of the sea, that was not uplifted at that soft hour. It broke like a mournful lullaby upon the night. The tears came so fast to Mrs. Pontellier's eyes that the damp sleeve of her peignoir no longer served to dry them. She was holding the back of her chair with one hand; her loose sleeve had slipped almost to the shoulder of her uplifted arm. Turning, she thrust her face, steaming and wet, into the bend of her arm, and she went on crying there, not caring any longer to dry her face, her eyes, her arms. She could not have told why she was crying. Such experiences as

Thesaurus brokerage: (n) brokerage house, brokage, business, wharfage, concern, freightage, workplace, work, intermediary, agency, tax. inattention: (n) neglect, heedlessness, carelessness, forgetfulness, negligence, inobservance, inadvertence, indifference, oversight, slight, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) attention, notice, caution, concentration. lullaby: (n) berceuse, alleviation,

easement, antispasmodic, laudanum, wrapper, bathrobe, camisole, palliation; (n, v) lull; (v) sedative, dressing gown, lounging robe, dust sing; (adv) soft music, siren strains. jacket, brunch coat, dust wrapper, mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, dust cover. melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, steaming: (adj) hot, sweltering, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, roasting, baking, hot under the collar, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. hazy, scorching; (adv) piping; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, fumigation. uplifted: (adj) high, raised, noble, not emotionless. mules: (n) mule, scuffs, carpet slipper, inverted, not prone, proud, scuff. undismayed, stately, lofty, sublime, peignoir: (n) housecoat, neglige, animated.

Kate Chopin

15

the foregoing were not uncommon in her married life. They seemed never before to have weighed much against the abundance of her husband's kindness and a uniform devotion which had come to be tacit and self-understood.% An indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish. It was like a shadow, like a mist passing across her soul's summer day. It was strange and unfamiliar; it was a mood. She did not sit there inwardly upbraiding her husband, lamenting at Fate, which had directed her footsteps to the path which they had taken. She was just having a good cry all to herself. The mosquitoes made merry over her, biting her firm, round arms and nipping at her bare insteps. The little stinging, buzzing imps succeeded in dispelling a mood which might have held her there in the darkness half a night longer. The following morning Mr. Pontellier was up in good time to take the rockaway which was to convey him to the steamer at the wharf. He was returning to the city to his business, and they would not see him again at the Island till the coming Saturday. He had regained his composure, which seemed to have been somewhat impaired the night before. He was eager to be gone, as he looked forward to a lively week in Carondelet Street. Mr. Pontellier gave his wife half of the money which he had brought away from Klein's hotel the evening before. She liked money as well as most women, and, accepted it with no little satisfaction. "It will buy a handsome wedding present for Sister Janet!" she exclaimed, smoothing out the bills as she counted them one by one. "Oh! we'll treat Sister Janet better than that, my dear," he laughed, as he prepared to kiss her good-by. The boys were tumbling about, clinging to his legs, imploring that numerous things be brought back to them. Mr. Pontellier was a great favorite, and ladies, men, children, even nurses, were always on hand to say goodby to him. His wife stood smiling and waving, the boys shouting, as he disappeared in the old

Thesaurus dispelling: (n) evaporation. favorite: (adj, n) darling, favourite, dear, number one; (adj) favored, beloved, popular; (n) pet, choice, pick, preference. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, superior, underdog; (adj) unwanted, despised, disliked, hated, unusual. goodby: (n) adieu, so long, good-bye, adios, good-by, farewell, cheerio, bye, goodbye, arrivederci, auf Wiedersehen.

imploring: (adj) appealing, begging, suppliant, pleading, entreating, piteous, importunate, entreating urgently; (v) supplicate, plead; (n) prayer. lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing, sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj, v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v) complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v) dissatisfied. nipping: (adj) bitter, keen, barbed, frosty, crisp, cutting, inclement, fresh,

pinching, snappy, raw. rockaway: (n) hackery, jigger, Brett, Dearborn, rig, ricksha, kittereen, jinrikisha, hack, dump cart. upbraiding: (n) chewing out, bawling out, castigation, dressing down, earful; (adj) abusive, reproachful, base, expressing reproach; (v) chiding, admonish. wharf: (n) quay, harbor, port, pier, waterfront, jetty, nailery, bindery, beehive, basin; (n, v) berth.

16

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

rockaway down the sandy road.% A few days later a box arrived for Mrs. Pontellier from New Orleans. It was from her husband. It was filled with friandises, with luscious and toothsome bits--the finest of fruits, pates, a rare bottle or two, delicious syrups, and bonbons in abundance. Mrs. Pontellier was always very generous with the contents of such a box; she was quite used to receiving them when away from home. The pates and fruit were brought to the dining-room; the bonbons were passed around. And the ladies, selecting with dainty and discriminating fingers and a little greedily, all declared that Mr. Pontellier was the best husband in the world. Mrs. Pontellier was forced to admit that she knew of none better.

Thesaurus abundance: (adj) plenty; (n) plenitude, rough, inelegant, harsh, gross, acquisitively, gluttonously, hungrily, store, richness, profusion, amplitude, awkward, accepting, heavy, careless, graspingly, eagerly, enviously. ANTONYM: (adv) sparingly. exuberance, affluence, treasure, thick. enough; (adj, n) riches. ANTONYMS: discriminating: (adj) discerning, luscious: (adj) juicy, appetizing, (n) scarcity, shortage, insufficiency, astute, discriminate, refined, delicious, delectable, scrumptious, lack, aridity, scarceness, paucity, penetrating, keen, sharp, critical, rich, dulcet, succulent, yummy, emptiness, fruitlessness, bareness. discriminatingly, characteristic, mellow, voluptuous. ANTONYMS: dainty: (adj, v) nice; (adj, n, v) delicacy; distinctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) tasteless, unappetizing. (adj) fastidious, savory, tasteful, toothsome: (adj) delicious, delectable, indiscriminate, indiscriminating, squeamish, particular, mincing, uncritical, stupid. scrumptious, toothful, tasty, dainty, refined; (adj, n) tidbit; (n) luxury. greedily: (adv) covetously, avidly, sweet, appetizing, palatable, yummy; ANTONYMS: (adj) coarse, vulgar, voraciously, ravenously, rapaciously, (adj, v) savory.

Kate Chopin

17

IV

It would have been a difficult matter for Mr. Pontellier to define to his own satisfaction or any one else's wherein his wife failed in her duty toward their children. It was something which he felt rather than perceived, and he never voiced the feeling without subsequent regret and ample atonement.% If one of the little Pontellier boys took a tumble whilst at play, he was not apt to rush crying to his mother's arms for comfort; he would more likely pick himself up, wipe the water out of his eves and the sand out of his mouth, and go on playing. Tots as they were, they pulled together and stood their ground in childish battles with doubled fists and uplifted voices, which usually prevailed against the other mother-tots. The quadroon nurse was looked upon as a huge encumbrance, only good to button up waists and panties and to brush and part hair; since it seemed to be a law of society that hair must be parted and brushed. In short, Mrs. Pontellier was not a mother-woman. The motherwomen seemed to prevail that summer at Grand Isle. It was easy to know them, fluttering about with extended, protecting wings when any harm, real or imaginary, threatened their precious brood. They were women who idolized their children, worshiped their husbands, and esteemed it a holy privilege to efface themselves as individuals and grow wings as ministering angels. Many of them were delicious in the role; one of them was the embodiment of every womanly grace and charm. If her husband did not adore her, he was a

Thesaurus adore: (v) worship, idolize, admire, glorify, cherish, appreciate; (n, v) honor; (adj) adoring, worshipping, worshiping; (adv) adoringly. ANTONYMS: (v) detest, despise, condemn, loathe, disrespect, abhor, scorn. efface: (v) cancel, erase, obliterate, destroy, expunge, wipe out, suppress, sponge, blot out, blur, raze. encumbrance: (n) check, hindrance, load, burden, barrier, impediment,

tie, obstacle, imposition, charge, onus. esteemed: (adj) dear, reputable, respected, honorable, noble, honored, prestigious, important, distinguished, August, respect. ANTONYM: (adj) disreputable. idolized: (adj) adored, beloved, loved, precious, worshipped. ministering: (adj) assisting, helpful, latreutical, ministrative, ministrant. panties: (n) pants, briefs, knickers,

shorts, underpants, bikini pants, petticoat, tights, underwear. tumble: (n, v) drop, jumble, stumble, plunge, slip, spill, downfall; (v) crumble, collapse, topple, confuse. wherein: (adv) in what, in which, where. womanly: (adj, v) effeminate; (adj) ladylike, womanish, female, womanlike, wifely, weak, maidenly, matronly; (v) soft, feminate. ANTONYM: (adj) unwomanly.

18

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

brute, deserving of death by slow torture. Her name was Adele Ratignolle. There are no words to describe her save the old ones that have served so often to picture the bygone heroine of romance and the fair lady of our dreams. There was nothing subtle or hidden about her charms; her beauty was all there, flaming and apparent: the spun-gold hair that comb nor confining pin could restrain; the blue eyes that were like nothing but sapphires; two lips that pouted, that were so red one could only think of cherries or some other delicious crimson fruit in looking at them. She was growing a little stout, but it did not seem to detract an iota from the grace of every step, pose, gesture. One would not have wanted her white neck a mite less full or her beautiful arms more slender. Never were hands more exquisite than hers, and it was a joy to look at them when she threaded her needle or adjusted her gold thimble to her taper middle finger as she sewed away on the little night-drawers or fashioned a bodice or a bib.% Madame Ratignolle was very fond of Mrs. Pontellier, and often she took her sewing and went over to sit with her in the afternoons. She was sitting there the afternoon of the day the box arrived from New Orleans. She had possession of the rocker, and she was busily engaged in sewing upon a diminutive pair of night-drawers. She had brought the pattern of the drawers for Mrs. Pontellier to cut out--a marvel of construction, fashioned to enclose a baby's body so effectually that only two small eyes might look out from the garment, like an Eskimo's. They were designed for winter wear, when treacherous drafts came down chimneys and insidious currents of deadly cold found their way through key-holes. Mrs. Pontellier's mind was quite at rest concerning the present material needs of her children, and she could not see the use of anticipating and making winter night garments the subject of her summer meditations. But she did not want to appear unamiable and uninterested, so she had brought forth newspapers, which she spread upon the floor of the gallery, and under Madame Ratignolle's directions she had cut a pattern of the impervious garment. Robert was there, seated as he had been the Sunday before, and Mrs. Pontellier also occupied her former position on the upper step, leaning listlessly

Thesaurus confining: (adj) restricting, limiting, narrow, confined, oppressive, stringent, constrictive, restrictive, closemouthed; (v) confine; (n) contraction. diminutive: (adj) minute, Lilliputian, small, petite, tiny, bantam, baby, exiguous, short, miniature, midget. ANTONYMS: (adj) big, huge, gigantic, large, giant, tall. effectually: (adv) efficaciously, effectively, validly, adequately,

potently, tellingly, strongly, decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv) ineffectually. iota: (adj, n) speck, dot, particle, molecule, jot, atom; (n) whit, tittle, shred, scintilla, crumb. ANTONYM: (n) lot. meditations: (n) contemplation, consideration, cogitation. sewed: (adj) stitched, sewn, sew, sewen, seamed.

taper: (n) candle, taper hole, bougie, rushlight, taper ratio; (v) sharpen, point, acuminate, diminish, lessen, reduce. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, widen. thimble: (n) tablespoon, spoon, spatula, shovel, ladle, dipper, stirrer, cinder pot, containerful; (v) gauntlet, bulletproof vest. unamiable: (adj) uncharitable, unfeeling, vinegary, sour, disobliging, resembling vinegar, morose.

Kate Chopin

19

against the post. Beside her was a box of bonbons, which she held out at intervals to Madame Ratignolle.% That lady seemed at a loss to make a selection, but finally settled upon a stick of nougat, wondering if it were not too rich; whether it could possibly hurt her. Madame Ratignolle had been married seven years. About every two years she had a baby. At that time she had three babies, and was beginning to think of a fourth one. She was always talking about her "condition." Her "condition" was in no way apparent, and no one would have known a thing about it but for her persistence in making it the subject of conversation. Robert started to reassure her, asserting that he had known a lady who had subsisted upon nougat during the entire--but seeing the color mount into Mrs. Pontellier's face he checked himself and changed the subject. Mrs. Pontellier, though she had married a Creole, was not thoroughly at home in the society of Creoles; never before had she been thrown so intimately among them. There were only Creoles that summer at Lebrun's. They all knew each other, and felt like one large family, among whom existed the most amicable relations. A characteristic which distinguished them and which impressed Mrs. Pontellier most forcibly was their entire absence of prudery. Their freedom of expression was at first incomprehensible to her, though she had no difficulty in reconciling it with a lofty chastity which in the Creole woman seems to be inborn and unmistakable. Never would Edna Pontellier forget the shock with which she heard Madame Ratignolle relating to old Monsieur Farival the harrowing story of one of her accouchements, withholding no intimate detail. She was growing accustomed to like shocks, but she could not keep the mounting color back from her cheeks. Oftener than once her coming had interrupted the droll story with which Robert was entertaining some amused group of married women. A book had gone the rounds of the pension. When it came her turn to read it, she did so with profound astonishment. She felt moved to read the book in secret and solitude, though none of the others had done so,--to hide it from view at the sound of approaching footsteps. It was openly criticised and freely

Thesaurus chastity: (n) honor, purity, abstinence, excruciating, painful, distressing, demureness; (v) sentimentalism. reconciling: (adj) accommodative, virtue, innocence, chasteness, torturous, disturbing, tormenting, traumatic, frightful, terrible; (v) continence, modesty, cleanliness, peacemaking, gentle, mild, austerity; (adj) honesty. rending. ANTONYMS: (adj) conciliatory, peaceful, cooperative, ANTONYMS: (n) nymphomania, quiet; (n) integration, merging, heartening, pleasing, safe. inborn: (adj) native, born, connatural, lewdness, adultery. reconciliation. droll: (adj) comical, humorous, funny, connate, congenital, hereditary, withholding: (n) detention, laughable, burlesque, ludicrous, inherent, constitutional, indigenous, reservation, withholding tax, ridiculous; (adj, n) comic, witty; (n) natural, instinctive. ANTONYMS: confinement, custody, deduction, buffoon, clown. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) acquired, spiritual. deprivation, estrangement, holding, dramatic, dull, grave, tragic, solemn. prudery: (n) primness, modesty, keeping, maintenance. ANTONYM: harrowing: (adj) agonizing, coquetry, priggishness, prudishness, (n) release.

20

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

discussed at table. Mrs. Pontellier gave over being astonished, and concluded that wonders would never cease.%

V

They formed a congenial group sitting there that summer afternoon-Madame Ratignolle sewing away, often stopping to relate a story or incident with much expressive gesture of her perfect hands; Robert and Mrs. Pontellier sitting idle, exchanging occasional words, glances or smiles which indicated a certain advanced stage of intimacy and camaraderie. He had lived in her shadow during the past month. No one thought anything of it. Many had predicted that Robert would devote himself to Mrs. Pontellier when he arrived. Since the age of fifteen, which was eleven years before, Robert each summer at Grand Isle had constituted himself the devoted attendant of some fair dame or damsel. Sometimes it was a young girl, again a widow; but as often as not it was some interesting married woman. For two consecutive seasons he lived in the sunlight of Mademoiselle Duvigne's presence. But she died between summers; then Robert posed as an inconsolable, prostrating himself at the feet of Madame Ratignolle for whatever crumbs of sympathy and comfort she might be pleased to vouchsafe. Mrs. Pontellier liked to sit and gaze at her fair companion as she might look upon a faultless Madonna.

Thesaurus camaraderie: (n) companionship, fellowship, friendship, friendliness, closeness, familiarity, sociability, association, brotherhood, fraternity, amity. ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, dislike, antagonism, coldness, enmity, animosity. congenial: (adj, v) concordant, consonant, accordant; (adj) compatible, affable, kindred, genial, kind, pleasant, pleasing, delightful. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncongenial,

unfriendly, disagreeable, hostile, imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled, incompatible, despicable, blameworthy. inconsolable: (adj) disconsolate, abominable, unsavory, reserved. damsel: (n) demoiselle, damosel, desolate, forlorn, desperate, damozel, damoiselle, wench, maiden, despairing, dejected, heartbroken, sad, wretched, comfortless; (adj, v) maid, girl, nymph, unmarried unconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj) woman, virgin. faultless: (adj) blameless, correct, hopeful, euphoric, happy. immaculate, clean, spotless, innocent, vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend, flawless, unblemished, absolute, allow, confer, stoop, give, please, bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the infallible, consummate. ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, goodness, will you.

Kate Chopin

21

"Could any one fathom the cruelty beneath that fair exterior?" murmured Robert. "She knew that I adored her once, and she let me adore her. It was `Robert, come; go; stand up; sit down; do this; do that; see if the baby sleeps; my thimble, please, that I left God knows where. Come and read Daudet to me while I sew.'" "Par exemple! I never had to ask. You were always there under my feet, like a troublesome cat." "You mean like an adoring dog. And just as soon as Ratignolle appeared on the scene, then it WAS like a dog. `Passez! Adieu! Allez vous-en!'" "Perhaps I feared to make Alphonse jealous," she interjoined, with excessive naivete. That made them all laugh. The right hand jealous of the left! The heart jealous of the soul! But for that matter, the Creole husband is never jealous; with him the gangrene passion is one which has become dwarfed by disuse.% Meanwhile Robert, addressing Mrs Pontellier, continued to tell of his one time hopeless passion for Madame Ratignolle; of sleepless nights, of consuming flames till the very sea sizzled when he took his daily plunge. While the lady at the needle kept up a little running, contemptuous comment: "Blagueur--farceur--gros bete, va!" He never assumed this seriocomic tone when alone with Mrs. Pontellier. She never knew precisely what to make of it; at that moment it was impossible for her to guess how much of it was jest and what proportion was earnest. It was understood that he had often spoken words of love to Madame Ratignolle, without any thought of being taken seriously. Mrs. Pontellier was glad he had not assumed a similar role toward herself. It would have been unacceptable and annoying. Mrs. Pontellier had brought her sketching materials, which she sometimes dabbled with in an unprofessional way. She liked the dabbling. She felt in it satisfaction of a kind which no other employment afforded her. She had long wished to try herself on Madame Ratignolle. Never had that lady seemed a more tempting subject than at that moment, seated there like

Thesaurus adoring: (adj) doting, adoringly, worship, adore, loving, worshiping, worshipping, warm, fervent, fanatical, devout. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, disapproving, cold. dabbled: (adj) bespattered, besplashed, covered, covered patchily, spattered, splashed, splattered, splashy; (v) soggy. dabbling: (n) dalliance; (adj) dilettante, unfinished. dwarfed: (adj) stunted, dwarfish,

deformed, diminutive, Lilliputian, ingenuousness, sincerity, simplicity, naturalness, candor; (adj) bonhomie. poor, short. gangrene: (n, v) chagrin; (adj) ANTONYM: (n) sophistication. nights: (adj) nightly; (n) night. corruption, caries, sphacelation, leprosy; (n) necrosis, sphacelus, seriocomic: (adj) tragicomic, humiliation, decay; (v) mortify, humorous. unprofessional: (adj) unskilled, sphacelate. jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) amateur, unethical, negligent, lay, jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, inexpert, private, informal, ballad, careless, clumsy. ANTONYMS: (adj) sneer, clown. naivete: (n) artlessness, innocence, expert, skilled, skillful, diligent, strict, naiveness, credulousness, gullibility, trained.

22

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

some sensuous Madonna, with the gleam of the fading day enriching her splendid color.% Robert crossed over and seated himself upon the step below Mrs. Pontellier, that he might watch her work. She handled her brushes with a certain ease and freedom which came, not from long and close acquaintance with them, but from a natural aptitude. Robert followed her work with close attention, giving forth little ejaculatory expressions of appreciation in French, which he addressed to Madame Ratignolle. "Mais ce n'est pas mal! Elle s'y connait, elle a de la force, oui." During his oblivious attention he once quietly rested his head against Mrs. Pontellier's arm. As gently she repulsed him. Once again he repeated the offense. She could not but believe it to be thoughtlessness on his part; yet that was no reason she should submit to it. She did not remonstrate, except again to repulse him quietly but firmly. He offered no apology. The picture completed bore no resemblance to Madame Ratignolle. She was greatly disappointed to find that it did not look like her. But it was a fair enough piece of work, and in many respects satisfying. Mrs. Pontellier evidently did not think so. After surveying the sketch critically she drew a broad smudge of paint across its surface, and crumpled the paper between her hands. The youngsters came tumbling up the steps, the quadroon following at the respectful distance which they required her to observe. Mrs. Pontellier made them carry her paints and things into the house. She sought to detain them for a little talk and some pleasantry. But they were greatly in earnest. They had only come to investigate the contents of the bonbon box. They accepted without murmuring what she chose to give them, each holding out two chubby hands scoop-like, in the vain hope that they might be filled; and then away they went. The sun was low in the west, and the breeze soft and languorous that came up from the south, charged with the seductive odor of the sea. Children freshly befurbelowed, were gathering for their games under the oaks. Their voices were

Thesaurus bonbon: (n) sweet, jujube, sweetie, lethargic, dreamy, lazy, torpid, chocolate, comfit, sugarplum, listless, weak, sluggish, spiritless, sweetmeat, candy, licorice, lollipop, inert, languishing. odor: (n) aroma, scent, odour, marmalade. ejaculatory: (adj) distinct, bouquet, flavour, perfume, flavor, savor, stink; (n, v) smell, stench. interjectional, jaculatory, oral, offense: (n, v) crime, fault; (n) insult, articulate. enriching: (n) enrichment; (v) enrich; misdemeanor, offence, aggression, (adj) uplifting, educational, inspiring, attack, infringement, transgression, elevating, edifying, artistic, delinquency, misdemeanour. ANTONYMS: (n) defense, virtue, enlightening. languorous: (adj) lackadaisical, praise.

pleasantry: (n) joke, wit, jocularity, jest, fancy, waggery, drollery, esprit, banter, sport, jocosity. remonstrate: (v) argue, complain, expostulate, object, protest, rebuke, dissuade, chide, scold, dispute, warn. ANTONYM: (v) agree. repulse: (n, v) rebuff, defeat; (v) repel, nauseate, disgust, drive back, revolt, reject, refuse, beat back; (n) refusal. ANTONYMS: (v) attract, accept, delight, yield, please; (n, v) welcome.

Kate Chopin

23

high and penetrating.% Madame Ratignolle folded her sewing, placing thimble, scissors, and thread all neatly together in the roll, which she pinned securely. She complained of faintness. Mrs. Pontellier flew for the cologne water and a fan. She bathed Madame Ratignolle's face with cologne, while Robert plied the fan with unnecessary vigor. The spell was soon over, and Mrs. Pontellier could not help wondering if there were not a little imagination responsible for its origin, for the rose tint had never faded from her friend's face. She stood watching the fair woman walk down the long line of galleries with the grace and majesty which queens are sometimes supposed to possess. Her little ones ran to meet her. Two of them clung about her white skirts, the third she took from its nurse and with a thousand endearments bore it along in her own fond, encircling arms. Though, as everybody well knew, the doctor had forbidden her to lift so much as a pin! "Are you going bathing?" asked Robert of Mrs. Pontellier. It was not so much a question as a reminder. "Oh, no," she answered, with a tone of indecision. "I'm tired; I think not." Her glance wandered from his face away toward the Gulf, whose sonorous murmur reached her like a loving but imperative entreaty. "Oh, come!" he insisted. "You mustn't miss your bath. Come on. The water must be delicious; it will not hurt you. Come." He reached up for her big, rough straw hat that hung on a peg outside the door, and put it on her head. They descended the steps, and walked away together toward the beach. The sun was low in the west and the breeze was soft and warm.

Thesaurus bathed: (adj) sweaty. encircling: (adj, prep) surrounding; (prep) around; (adj) comprehensive, encompassing, roundabout, circuitous, rotary, circumferential, inclusive; (v) encircle. entreaty: (n) plea, prayer, request, petition, adjuration, supplication, suit, demand, desire, invocation; (v) solicitation. faintness: (n) weakness, debility, indistinctness, languor, fuzziness,

ANTONYMS: (adj) shrill, thin. blurriness, fogginess, dullness, tint: (n, v) color, tinge, hue, stain, dye, ambiguity, lassitude, infirmity. ANTONYMS: (n) acuteness, strength, tinct; (n) shade, tincture, tone, cast; (v) paint. ANTONYMS: (n) white, harshness, clearness, loudness, pallor; (v) whiten, pale. clarity. sewing: (n) embroidery, sew, vigor: (n, v) energy; (adj, n) intensity; (n) spirit, vitality, force, life, strength, needlecraft, stitch, stitching, fancywork, mend, gather, patch, power, might, vim, stamina. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, apathy, gathering, binding. sonorous: (adj) rotund, resonant, clear, frailty, laziness, enervation, rich, resounding, harmonious, round, inactivity, indifference, illness, full, ringing, vibrant, sonant. lifelessness, sluggishness, tardiness.

Kate Chopin

25

VI

Edna Pontellier could not have told why, wishing to go to the beach with Robert, she should in the first place have declined, and in the second place have followed in obedience to one of the two contradictory impulses which impelled her.% A certain light was beginning to dawn dimly within her,--the light which, showing the way, forbids it. At that early period it served but to bewilder her. It moved her to dreams, to thoughtfulness, to the shadowy anguish which had overcome her the midnight when she had abandoned herself to tears. In short, Mrs. Pontellier was beginning to realize her position in the universe as a human being, and to recognize her relations as an individual to the world within and about her. This may seem like a ponderous weight of wisdom to descend upon the soul of a young woman of twenty-eight--perhaps more wisdom than the Holy Ghost is usually pleased to vouchsafe to any woman. But the beginning of things, of a world especially, is necessarily vague, tangled, chaotic, and exceedingly disturbing. How few of us ever emerge from such beginning! How many souls perish in its tumult! The voice of the sea is seductive; never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander for a spell in abysses of solitude; to lose

Thesaurus bewilder: (v) astound, amaze, puzzle, determined, compulsive, encouraged, bemuse, baffle, nonplus, befuddle, goaded, motivated, bound. stump; (adj, v) perplex, confound, midnight: (n) dark, noon, hour. stun. ANTONYMS: (v) explain, ponderous: (adj) heavy, grave, enlighten, inform, sharpen. onerous, burdensome, massive, ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence. unwieldy, bulky, stodgy, hard, clamoring: (n) clamouring, clamour, tedious, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) blare, blaring, hue and cry, elegant, graceful, lively, brisk, cacophony; (adj) brawling, bawling, manageable. thoughtfulness: (n) kindness, tact, blatant. declined: (adj) less. deliberation, attentiveness, impelled: (adj) prompted, provoked, contemplativeness, attention,

introspection, meditation, pensiveness, reflection, reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness, carelessness, cruelty, rashness, unthoughtfulness, inconsideration, unkindness, selfishness, insensitivity, neglect, cheerfulness. tumult: (adj, n, v) hubbub, disturbance; (n) stir, commotion, bustle, din, fuss, excitement; (n, v) clamor, disorder, brawl. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, push, serenity, order, calm.

26

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

itself in mazes of inward contemplation.% The voice of the sea speaks to the soul. The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body in its soft, close embrace.

VII

Mrs. Pontellier was not a woman given to confidences, a characteristic hitherto contrary to her nature. Even as a child she had lived her own small life all within herself. At a very early period she had apprehended instinctively the dual life--that outward existence which conforms, the inward life which questions. That summer at Grand Isle she began to loosen a little the mantle of reserve that had always enveloped her. There may have been--there must have been-influences, both subtle and apparent, working in their several ways to induce her to do this; but the most obvious was the influence of Adele Ratignolle. The excessive physical charm of the Creole had first attracted her, for Edna had a sensuous susceptibility to beauty. Then the candor of the woman's whole existence, which every one might read, and which formed so striking a contrast to her own habitual reserve--this might have furnished a link. Who can tell what metals the gods use in forging the subtle bond which we call sympathy, which we might as well call love. The two women went away one morning to the beach together, arm in arm,

Thesaurus apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized, understood, under arrest, in custody, detained, appreciated, comprehended. candor: (adj, n) honesty, sincerity, truth, abandon, fidelity, uprightness; (n) frankness, integrity, fairness, candidness, outspokenness. ANTONYMS: (n) unfairness, indirectness, deception, doublespeak, delicacy, conformity, caution, tact. enfolding: (n) change of shape,

involution, elaborateness. fix, tense, stiffen, bend. enveloped: (adj) convoluted, enclosed, sensuous: (adj) sensitive, sensual, lush, cover, bounded, Byzantine, clothed, luxurious, voluptuous, epicurean, involved, misty, swallowed, carnal, sensational, sexy, esthetic, vestured, emotionally involved. esthetical. forging: (n) shaping, origin, speaks: (n) talks. susceptibility: (n) sensitivity, liability, manufacturing. gods: (n) gallery. impressibility, inclination, capability, loosen: (n, v) relax, release, ease; (adj, sensibility, susceptibleness, v) loose, disengage; (v) detach, undo, receptivity, responsiveness, ravel, discharge, fluff, untie. proclivity, tendency. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (v) fasten, compress, (n) resistance, insensitivity.

Kate Chopin

27

under the huge white sunshade. Edna had prevailed upon Madame Ratignolle to leave the children behind, though she could not induce her to relinquish a diminutive roll of needlework, which Adele begged to be allowed to slip into the depths of her pocket. In some unaccountable way they had escaped from Robert.% The walk to the beach was no inconsiderable one, consisting as it did of a long, sandy path, upon which a sporadic and tangled growth that bordered it on either side made frequent and unexpected inroads. There were acres of yellow camomile reaching out on either hand. Further away still, vegetable gardens abounded, with frequent small plantations of orange or lemon trees intervening. The dark green clusters glistened from afar in the sun. The women were both of goodly height, Madame Ratignolle possessing the more feminine and matronly figure. The charm of Edna Pontellier's physique stole insensibly upon you. The lines of her body were long, clean and symmetrical; it was a body which occasionally fell into splendid poses; there was no suggestion of the trim, stereotyped fashion-plate about it. A casual and indiscriminating observer, in passing, might not cast a second glance upon the figure. But with more feeling and discernment he would have recognized the noble beauty of its modeling, and the graceful severity of poise and movement, which made Edna Pontellier different from the crowd. She wore a cool muslin that morning--white, with a waving vertical line of brown running through it; also a white linen collar and the big straw hat which she had taken from the peg outside the door. The hat rested any way on her yellow-brown hair, that waved a little, was heavy, and clung close to her head. Madame Ratignolle, more careful of her complexion, had twined a gauze veil about her head. She wore dogskin gloves, with gauntlets that protected her wrists. She was dressed in pure white, with a fluffiness of ruffles that became her. The draperies and fluttering things which she wore suited her rich, luxuriant beauty as a greater severity of line could not have done. There were a number of bath-houses along the beach, of rough but solid construction, built with small, protecting galleries facing the water. Each house

Thesaurus discernment: (n, v) appreciation, sense, apprehension; (n) comprehension, discretion, taste, understanding, insight, discrimination, perception, recognition. ANTONYMS: (n) ignorance, tastelessness, uncouthness, clumsiness. fluffiness: (n) downiness, featheriness, weightlessness, shagginess, buoyancy, fleeciness, lightness, hirsuteness, fuzziness, furriness,

wooliness. ANTONYM: (n) baldness. gauntlets: (n) gauntlet, gantlet. gauze: (n) film, curtain, blind, bandage, mask, mantle, muslin, screen, gauze bandage, shutter, daze. goodly: (adv) benignly, kindly, strongly, rightly, graciously, virtuously, soundly, uprightly; (adj) sizable, handsome, respectable. indiscriminating: (adj) undiscriminating, indiscriminate, not discriminating.

insensibly: (adv) imperceptibly, apathetically, numbly, motionlessly, inertly. matronly: (adj) grave, womanly, ladylike, wifely, sedate, matronlike, maidenly, anile, female. modeling: (n) molding, moulding, cheoplasty, model, clay sculpture, sculpture, representation, simulate, simulation, mildew, mold. twined: (adj) bent, coiled, contorted, distorted, misrepresented, perverted.

28

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

consisted of two compartments, and each family at Lebrun's possessed a compartment for itself, fitted out with all the essential paraphernalia of the bath and whatever other conveniences the owners might desire. The two women had no intention of bathing; they had just strolled down to the beach for a walk and to be alone and near the water. The Pontellier and Ratignolle compartments adjoined one another under the same roof.% Mrs. Pontellier had brought down her key through force of habit. Unlocking the door of her bath-room she went inside, and soon emerged, bringing a rug, which she spread upon the floor of the gallery, and two huge hair pillows covered with crash, which she placed against the front of the building. The two seated themselves there in the shade of the porch, side by side, with their backs against the pillows and their feet extended. Madame Ratignolle removed her veil, wiped her face with a rather delicate handkerchief, and fanned herself with the fan which she always carried suspended somewhere about her person by a long, narrow ribbon. Edna removed her collar and opened her dress at the throat. She took the fan from Madame Ratignolle and began to fan both herself and her companion. It was very warm, and for a while they did nothing but exchange remarks about the heat, the sun, the glare. But there was a breeze blowing, a choppy, stiff wind that whipped the water into froth. It fluttered the skirts of the two women and kept them for a while engaged in adjusting, readjusting, tucking in, securing hair-pins and hat-pins. A few persons were sporting some distance away in the water. The beach was very still of human sound at that hour. The lady in black was reading her morning devotions on the porch of a neighboring bathhouse. Two young lovers were exchanging their hearts' yearnings beneath the children's tent, which they had found unoccupied. Edna Pontellier, casting her eyes about, had finally kept them at rest upon the sea. The day was clear and carried the gaze out as far as the blue sky went; there were a few white clouds suspended idly over the horizon. A lateen sail was visible in the direction of Cat Island, and others to the south seemed almost motionless in the far distance. "Of whom--of what are you thinking?" asked Adele of her companion, whose

Thesaurus adjusting: (v) adjust; (n) adjusting operation. bathhouse: (n) edifice, building, house, bathing machine. bathing: (n) bathe, bath, shower, diversion, recreation, dip, washing, wash, purification, washup. choppy: (adj) fickle, disconnected, inconstant, turbulent, variable, changing, jerky, spasmodic, wild, stormy, uneven. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, glassy, serene.

conveniences: (n) creature comforts, comforts, convenience, living, support, livelihood, keep, sustenance, facility, facilities, device. froth: (n, v) bubble, spume, fizz, suds, sparkle; (v) boil, effervesce, ferment; (n) effervescence, bubbles, spindrift. lateen: (n) lateen sail. neighboring: (adj, adv) adjacent, near; (adj) adjoining, nearby, contiguous, neighbor, abutting, next, neighborly, nigh, next to. ANTONYMS: (adj)

distant, remote, far, national. paraphernalia: (n) gear, apparatus, outfit, kit, tackle, equipment, appurtenances, fitting, things, belongings, baggage. unoccupied: (adj) empty, vacant, unemployed, free, desolate, void, uninhabited, idle, inactive, deserted, abandoned. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, inhabited, overcrowded, solid, working, busy. whipped: (v) whipt.

Kate Chopin

29

countenance she had been watching with a little amused attention, arrested by the absorbed expression which seemed to have seized and fixed every feature into a statuesque repose. "Nothing," returned Mrs. Pontellier, with a start, adding at once: "How stupid! But it seems to me it is the reply we make instinctively to such a question. Let me see," she went on, throwing back her head and narrowing her fine eyes till they shone like two vivid points of light. "Let me see. I was really not conscious of thinking of anything; but perhaps I can retrace my thoughts." "Oh! never mind!" laughed Madame Ratignolle. "I am not quite so exacting. I will let you off this time. It is really too hot to think, especially to think about thinking." % "But for the fun of it," persisted Edna. "First of all, the sight of the water stretching so far away, those motionless sails against the blue sky, made a delicious picture that I just wanted to sit and look at. The hot wind beating in my face made me think--without any connection that I can trace of a summer day in Kentucky, of a meadow that seemed as big as the ocean to the very little girl walking through the grass, which was higher than her waist. She threw out her arms as if swimming when she walked, beating the tall grass as one strikes out in the water. Oh, I see the connection now!" "Where were you going that day in Kentucky, walking through the grass?" "I don't remember now. I was just walking diagonally across a big field. My sun-bonnet obstructed the view. I could see only the stretch of green before me, and I felt as if I must walk on forever, without coming to the end of it. I don't remember whether I was frightened or pleased. I must have been entertained. "Likely as not it was Sunday," she laughed; "and I was running away from prayers, from the Presbyterian service, read in a spirit of gloom by my father that chills me yet to think of." "And have you been running away from prayers ever since, ma chere?" asked Madame Ratignolle, amused. "No! oh, no!" Edna hastened to say. "I was a little unthinking child in those

Thesaurus adding: (n) addition, calculation, reckoning. diagonally: (adv) obliquely, slantingly, crossways, transversely, slopingly, aslantly, biasly, slantedly, slantways, cornerwise, bias. ANTONYM: (adv) square. don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition. entertained: (adj) diverted, pleased. hastened: (adj) careless. obstructed: (adj) blind, blocked, congested, impeded, impedite, foiled,

tight, thwarted, stymied, frustrated, statuesque: (adj) shapely, Junoesque, impassable. ANTONYM: (adj) noble, imposing, monumental, trim, unobstructed. tall, formal, elegant, courtly, repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm; beautiful. (n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure, unthinking: (adj) inconsiderate, recreation, relaxation; (v) lay. heedless, careless, mindless, ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n) incautious, negligent, rash, activity, panic, agitation. imprudent, involuntary, instinctive; retrace: (v) recollect, recall, trace, (adj, v) unconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate, considered, cautious, etymologize, recognize, construct, call up, bethink oneself, speculate; (n, voluntary, careful, caring, discreet, v) reconsider; (n) flyback. stilted, guarded; (adv) thoughtfully.

30

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

days, just following a misleading impulse without question. On the contrary, during one period of my life religion took a firm hold upon me; after I was twelve and until-until--why, I suppose until now, though I never thought much about it--just driven along by habit. But do you know," she broke off, turning her quick eyes upon Madame Ratignolle and leaning forward a little so as to bring her face quite close to that of her companion, "sometimes I feel this summer as if I were walking through the green meadow again; idly, aimlessly, unthinking and unguided." Madame Ratignolle laid her hand over that of Mrs. Pontellier, which was near her. Seeing that the hand was not withdrawn, she clasped it firmly and warmly. She even stroked it a little, fondly, with the other hand, murmuring in an undertone, "Pauvre cherie." The action was at first a little confusing to Edna, but she soon lent herself readily to the Creole's gentle caress. She was not accustomed to an outward and spoken expression of affection, either in herself or in others. She and her younger sister, Janet, had quarreled a good deal through force of unfortunate habit. Her older sister, Margaret, was matronly and dignified, probably from having assumed matronly and housewifely responsibilities too early in life, their mother having died when they were quite young, Margaret was not effusive; she was practical. Edna had had an occasional girl friend, but whether accidentally or not, they seemed to have been all of one type--the self-contained. She never realized that the reserve of her own character had much, perhaps everything, to do with this. Her most intimate friend at school had been one of rather exceptional intellectual gifts, who wrote fine-sounding essays, which Edna admired and strove to imitate; and with her she talked and glowed over the English classics, and sometimes held religious and political controversies. % Edna often wondered at one propensity which sometimes had inwardly disturbed her without causing any outward show or manifestation on her part. At a very early age--perhaps it was when she traversed the ocean of waving grass--she remembered that she had been passionately enamored of a dignified and sad-eyed cavalry officer who visited her father in Kentucky. She could not

Thesaurus aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, pointlessly, without aim, randomly, haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, vagrantly. effusive: (adj) emotional, ebullient, exuberant, expansive, talkative, warm, burbling, burbly, unrestrained, hearty, immoderate. ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, reserved, restrained, constrained, shy; (adv) partially.

enamored: (adj) loving, smitten, crazy, emulate, follow, feign, counterfeit, taken with, dotty, amorous, besotted, mimic, mock, assume, act. murmuring: (n) murmuration, captivated, hooked, mad, enamoured. ANTONYMS: (adj) murmur, complaint, grumble, sickened, repelled. muttering, mutter, murmur vowel; fondly: (adv) lovingly, tenderly, (adj) whispering, humming, droning, warmly, kindly, caringly, adoringly, murmurous. strove: (v) strive. devotedly, amorously, dearly, undertone: (n) undercurrent, murmur, dotingly, foolishly. ANTONYMS: (adv) coldly, ill. tinge, nuance, whisper, suggestion, housewifely: (adj) thrifty. implication, connotation, overtone, imitate: (n, v) duplicate; (v) forge, ape, association, hint.

Kate Chopin

31

leave%his presence when he was there, nor remove her eyes from his face, which was something like Napoleon's, with a lock of black hair failing across the forehead. But the cavalry officer melted imperceptibly out of her existence. At another time her affections were deeply engaged by a young gentleman who visited a lady on a neighboring plantation. It was after they went to Mississippi to live. The young man was engaged to be married to the young lady, and they sometimes called upon Margaret, driving over of afternoons in a buggy. Edna was a little miss, just merging into her teens; and the realization that she herself was nothing, nothing, nothing to the engaged young man was a bitter affliction to her. But he, too, went the way of dreams. She was a grown young woman when she was overtaken by what she supposed to be the climax of her fate. It was when the face and figure of a great tragedian began to haunt her imagination and stir her senses. The persistence of the infatuation lent it an aspect of genuineness. The hopelessness of it colored it with the lofty tones of a great passion. The picture of the tragedian stood enframed upon her desk. Any one may possess the portrait of a tragedian without exciting suspicion or comment. (This was a sinister reflection which she cherished.) In the presence of others she expressed admiration for his exalted gifts, as she handed the photograph around and dwelt upon the fidelity of the likeness. When alone she sometimes picked it up and kissed the cold glass passionately. Her marriage to Leonce Pontellier was purely an accident, in this respect resembling many other marriages which masquerade as the decrees of Fate. It was in the midst of her secret great passion that she met him. He fell in love, as men are in the habit of doing, and pressed his suit with an earnestness and an ardor which left nothing to be desired. He pleased her; his absolute devotion flattered her. She fancied there was a sympathy of thought and taste between them, in which fancy she was mistaken. Add to this the violent opposition of her father and her sister Margaret to her marriage with a Catholic, and we need seek no further for the motives which led her to accept Monsieur Pontellier. for her husband.

Thesaurus affections: (n) bosom. dwelt: (v) dwell, inhabit. ardor: (adj, n) eagerness, zeal; (n) earnestness: (n) seriousness, sincerity, fervor, fervency, fire, flame, passion, gravity, fervor, devotion, graveness, staidness, honesty; (adj, n) ardor, zeal, enthusiasm, ardency, heat, avidity. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, coolness, intentness. ANTONYMS: (n) coldness, hatred. slackness, lightness, carelessness, colored: (adj) chromatic, black, tinged, frivolousness, cheerfulness, tinted, colorful, dyed, coloured, insincerity, flippancy. genuineness: (n) reality, sincerity, partial, dark, bleached, biased. ANTONYMS: (adj) truthful, white, veracity, truth, honesty, earnestness, uncolored, unbiased, pale, objective, actuality, fact, validity, purity, openness. ANTONYMS: (n) honest, genuine, real.

spuriousness, affectedness, flippancy. infatuation: (adj) devotion, fascination, enchantment, gross credulity; (adj, n) passion, fervor, fanaticism; (n) crush, idolatry, love, hobby. ANTONYM: (n) indifference. masquerade: (n, v) disguise, pose, revel; (n) camouflage, masque, fancy dress, pretense, fake, cover; (v) impersonate, pretend. tragedian: (n) thespian, comedian, role player, histrion, actor, author, player.

32

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

The acme of bliss, which would have been a marriage with the tragedian, was not for her in this world. As the devoted wife of a man who worshiped her, she felt she would take her place with a certain dignity in the world of reality, closing the portals forever behind her upon the realm of romance and dreams. But it was not long before the tragedian had gone to join the cavalry officer and the engaged young man and a few others; and Edna found herself face to face with the realities. She grew fond of her husband, realizing with some unaccountable satisfaction that no trace of passion or excessive and fictitious warmth colored her affection, thereby threatening its dissolution. She was fond of her children in an uneven, impulsive way. She would sometimes gather them passionately to her heart; she would sometimes forget them. The year before they had spent part of the summer with their grandmother Pontellier in Iberville. Feeling secure regarding their happiness and welfare, she did not miss them except with an occasional intense longing. Their absence was a sort of relief, though she did not admit this, even to herself. It seemed to free her of a responsibility which she had blindly assumed and for which Fate had not fitted her. Edna did not reveal so much as all this to Madame Ratignolle that summer day when they sat with faces turned to the sea. But a good part of it escaped her. She had put her head down on Madame Ratignolle's shoulder. She was flushed and felt intoxicated with the sound of her own voice and the unaccustomed taste of candor. It muddled her like wine, or like a first breath of freedom. There was the sound of approaching voices. It was Robert, surrounded by a troop of children, searching for them. The two little Pontelliers were with him, and he carried Madame Ratignolle's little girl in his arms. There were other children beside, and two nurse-maids followed, looking disagreeable and resigned. % The women at once rose and began to shake out their draperies and relax their muscles. Mrs. Pontellier threw the cushions and rug into the bath-house. The children all scampered off to the awning, and they stood there in a line, gazing upon the intruding lovers, still exchanging their vows and sighs. The

Thesaurus acme: (n) crown, peak, pinnacle, top, honest, historical, factual. undiscoverable, undecipherable, apex, height, summit, vertex, climax, intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, unknowable, unnatural. zenith, crest. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) accountable, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, bottom, lowest, valley, base, pit, intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, explainable, responsible, explicable. loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) unaccustomed: (adj) new, strange, trough. awning: (n) screen, shade, tilt, sober. unusual, inexperienced, unseasoned, sunblind, marquee, umbrella, blind, intruding: (adj) aggressive, interfering, unacquainted, uncustomary, rare, unfamiliar, unwonted; (adj, v) canopy, cover, tarpaulin, shelter. intrusive. fictitious: (adj) bogus, assumed, unaccountable: (adj) untrained. ANTONYMS: (adj) fictional, counterfeit, artificial, fake, incomprehensible, inexplicable, familiar, normal, ready, usual, fabulous, sham, fabricated, fanciful, strange, unintelligible, unexplainable, prepared, knowledgeable, apocryphal. ANTONYMS: (adj) true, mysterious, impenetrable, customary.

Kate Chopin

33

lovers got up, with only a silent protest, and walked slowly away somewhere else.% The children possessed themselves of the tent, and Mrs. Pontellier went over to join them. Madame Ratignolle begged Robert to accompany her to the house; she complained of cramp in her limbs and stiffness of the joints. She leaned draggingly upon his arm as they walked.

Thesaurus accompany: (v) attend, follow, companion, guide, company, lead, walk, associate, consort, conduct, concur. ANTONYMS: (v) desert, abandon, leave. cramp: (v) restrict, constrict, confine, bind, limit, hamper; (n, v) spasm, pinch; (n) crick, pain, constraint. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, permit, liberate; (n) release. leaned: (v) erudite, lettered; (adj) tilted, inclined, educated.

madame: (n) ma'am, dame, lady, Mrs, harshness, tension, roughness. ANTONYMS: (n) softness, looseness, woman, mistress, adult female, Grande dame, gentlewoman, brothel suppleness, weakness, ease, keeper, bawd. malleability, friendliness, relaxation, possessed: (adj) mad, obsessed, leniency, smoothness, limpness. frantic, hysterical, furious, fanatical, tent: (n) awning, marquee, pavilion, infatuated, insane; (v) ought, owed, canopy, collapsible shelter, behoove. ANTONYM: (adj) tabernacle, attention, pack tent, parasol, pop tent; (n, v) camp. uninterested. stiffness: (n) hardness, severity, themselves: (pron) myself, itself, yourself; (n) yourselves. inflexibility, rigor, clumsiness, firmness, awkwardness, inclemency, walked: (adj) exempt; (v) yode.

Kate Chopin

35

VIII

"Do me a favor, Robert," spoke the pretty woman at his side, almost as soon as she and Robert had started their slow, homeward way. She looked up in his face, leaning on his arm beneath the encircling shadow of the umbrella which he had lifted.% "Granted; as many as you like," he returned, glancing down into her eyes that were full of thoughtfulness and some speculation. "I only ask for one; let Mrs. Pontellier alone." "Tiens!" he exclaimed, with a sudden, boyish laugh. "Voila que Madame Ratignolle est jalouse!" "Nonsense! I'm in earnest; I mean what I say. Let Mrs. Pontellier alone." "Why?" he asked; himself growing serious at his companion's solicitation. "She is not one of us; she is not like us. She might make the unfortunate blunder of taking you seriously." His face flushed with annoyance, and taking off his soft hat he began to beat it impatiently against his leg as he walked. "Why shouldn't she take me seriously?" he demanded sharply. "Am I a comedian, a clown, a jack-in-the-box? Why shouldn't she? You Creoles! I have no patience with you! Am I always to be regarded as a feature of an amusing programme? I hope Mrs. Pontellier does

Thesaurus blunder: (n, v) mistake, stumble, slip, botch; (adj, n) fault; (n) error, gaffe, trip; (v) fail, fumble; (adj, n, v) miss. ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, correct, accomplish, achieve; (n) achievement. boyish: (adj) young, puerile, adolescent, youthful, babyish, childish, girlish, kittenish, boylike, callow, immature. ANTONYM: (adj) mature. clown: (n) fool, joker, jester, boor, harlequin, joke, comedian, rustic,

comic, acrobat; (v) antic. comedian: (n) clown, buffoon, comic, actor, joker, performer, jester, entertainer, zany, comedians, jokester. demanded: (adj) urgent, popular, requisitory. favor: (n, v) countenance, aid, grace, support, benefit, boon; (adj, n) kindness; (n) advantage; (v) befriend, encourage, patronize. ANTONYMS: (v) hinder, contradict, dislike, hurt,

differ, thwart, reject, demean; (n) derogation, disapproval, unkindness. flushed: (adj, n) red, sanguine; (adj) feverish, glowing, aroused, aflame, burning, exultant, exulting; (n) flush, elated. ANTONYM: (adj) cool. glancing: (adj) passing. homeward: (adj) oriented, orientated. solicitation: (n) petition, appeal, importunity, invitation, entreaty, allurement, request, prayer, instance, demand; (n, v) postulation.

36

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

take me seriously. I hope she has discernment enough to find in me something besides the blagueur. If I thought there was any doubt--" "Oh, enough, Robert!" she broke into his heated outburst. "You are not thinking of what you are saying. You speak with about as little reflection as we might expect from one of those children down there playing in the sand. If your attentions to any married women here were ever offered with any intention of being convincing, you would not be the gentleman we all know you to be, and you would be unfit to associate with the wives and daughters of the people who trust you." Madame Ratignolle had spoken what she believed to be the law and the gospel. The young man shrugged his shoulders impatiently.% "Oh! well! That isn't it," slamming his hat down vehemently upon his head. "You ought to feel that such things are not flattering to say to a fellow." "Should our whole intercourse consist of an exchange of compliments? Ma foi!" "It isn't pleasant to have a woman tell you--" he went on, unheedingly, but breaking off suddenly: "Now if I were like Arobin-you remember Alcee Arobin and that story of the consul's wife at Biloxi?" And he related the story of Alcee Arobin and the consul's wife; and another about the tenor of the French Opera, who received letters which should never have been written; and still other stories, grave and gay, till Mrs. Pontellier and her possible propensity for taking young men seriously was apparently forgotten. Madame Ratignolle, when they had regained her cottage, went in to take the hour's rest which she considered helpful. Before leaving her, Robert begged her pardon for the impatience--he called it rudeness--with which he had received her well-meant caution. "You made one mistake, Adele," he said, with a light smile; "there is no earthly possibility of Mrs. Pontellier ever taking me seriously. You should have warned me against taking myself seriously. Your advice might then have carried some weight and given me subject for some reflection. Au revoir. But you look

Thesaurus compliments: (n) respects, complimentary, courtly, obsequious, commendation, wish, greetings, adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, salutation, respect, applause, flattery, smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, acclamation, regards, approbation. earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj) carnal, unflattering, unattractive, wounding, worldly, conceivable, human, geotic, uncomplimentary, negative; (adv) secular, terrene, temporal, telluric, partially. sublunary. ANTONYMS: (adj) propensity: (n) proclivity, leaning, spiritual, divine, ethereal, immortal, disposition, bias, bent, aptitude, impossible, improbable, aptness, proneness, predisposition, inconceivable, celestial. predilection, penchant. ANTONYM: flattering: (adj) ingratiating, (n) inability.

stories: (n) tale. unheedingly: (adv) carelessly, unobservantly, thoughtlessly, heedlessly, inattentively, unmindfully. vehemently: (adj, adv) ardently; (adv) violently, zealously, strongly, fervently, passionately, ferociously, fervidly, keenly, intensely, furiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) feebly, gently, impassively. wives: (n) woman.

Kate Chopin

37

tired," he added, solicitously. "Would you like a cup of bouillon? Shall I stir you a toddy? Let me mix you a toddy with a drop of Angostura." She acceded to the suggestion of bouillon, which was grateful and acceptable. He went himself to the kitchen, which was a building apart from the cottages and lying to the rear of the house. And he himself brought her the golden-brown bouillon, in a dainty Sevres cup, with a flaky cracker or two on the saucer.% She thrust a bare, white arm from the curtain which shielded her open door, and received the cup from his hands. She told him he was a bon garcon, and she meant it. Robert thanked her and turned away toward "the house." The lovers were just entering the grounds of the pension. They were leaning toward each other as the wateroaks bent from the sea. There was not a particle of earth beneath their feet. Their heads might have been turned upside-down, so absolutely did they tread upon blue ether. The lady in black, creeping behind them, looked a trifle paler and more jaded than usual. There was no sign of Mrs. Pontellier and the children. Robert scanned the distance for any such apparition. They would doubtless remain away till the dinner hour. The young man ascended to his mother's room. It was situated at the top of the house, made up of odd angles and a queer, sloping ceiling. Two broad dormer windows looked out toward the Gulf, and as far across it as a man's eye might reach. The furnishings of the room were light, cool, and practical. Madame Lebrun was busily engaged at the sewing-machine. A little black girl sat on the floor, and with her hands worked the treadle of the machine. The Creole woman does not take any chances which may be avoided of imperiling her health. Robert went over and seated himself on the broad sill of one of the dormer windows. He took a book from his pocket and began energetically to read it, judging by the precision and frequency with which he turned the leaves. The sewing-machine made a resounding clatter in the room; it was of a ponderous, by-gone make. In the lulls, Robert and his mother exchanged bits of desultory conversation.

Thesaurus apparition: (n) ghost, phantom, spirit, spectre, hallucination, spook, shade, eidolon, wraith, advent; (n, v) vision. bouillon: (v) blackberry, blancmange, bloater, bouilli, chop suey, breadfruit; (n) brewis, beef tea. desultory: (adj) indiscriminate, aimless, spasmodic, purposeless, capricious, superficial, cursory, random, rambling, immethodical, fitful. ANTONYM: (adj) wholehearted.

dormer: (n) window, lantern, dormer window. flaky: (adj) scaly, outlandish, flakey, bizarre, capricious, filmy, brittle, peculiar, queer, odd, erratic. ANTONYM: (adj) solid. jaded: (adj) tired, fatigued, worn, weary, wearied, fed up, satiate, worn-out, bored, satiated, sick. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, innocent, brilliant. shielded: (adj) secure, safeguarded,

sheltered, defended, screened, watched over, enshield, enshielded, sacred, safe, secured. solicitously: (adv) considerately, concernedly, carefully, uneasily, kindly, apprehensively, attentively, caringly, politely, jealously, earnestly. toddy: (n) hot toddy, negus, mixed drink, alcohol, bishop; (v) wassail. treadle: (n) blade, shank, tiller, shaft, foot lever, hilt, helm, heft, handle, haft, accelerator.

38

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"Where is Mrs. Pontellier?" "Down at the beach with the children." "I promised to lend her the Goncourt. Don't forget to take it down when you go; it's there on the bookshelf over the small table." Clatter, clatter, clatter, bang! for the next five or eight minutes.% "Where is Victor going with the rockaway?" "The rockaway? Victor?" "Yes; down there in front. He seems to be getting ready to drive away somewhere." "Call him." Clatter, clatter! Robert uttered a shrill, piercing whistle which might have been heard back at the wharf. "He won't look up." Madame Lebrun flew to the window. She called "Victor!" She waved a handkerchief and called again. The young fellow below got into the vehicle and started the horse off at a gallop. Madame Lebrun went back to the machine, crimson with annoyance. Victor was the younger son and brother--a tete montee, with a temper which invited violence and a will which no ax could break. "Whenever you say the word I'm ready to thrash any amount of reason into him that he's able to hold." "If your father had only lived!" Clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, bang! It was a fixed belief with Madame Lebrun that the conduct of the universe and all things pertaining thereto would have been manifestly of a more intelligent and higher order had not Monsieur Lebrun been removed to other spheres during the early years of their married life. "What do you hear from Montel?" Montel was a middleaged gentleman whose vain ambition and desire for the past twenty years had been to fill the void which Monsieur Lebrun's taking off had left in the Lebrun household.

Thesaurus bookshelf: (n) bookcase, ledge, clearly, patently, obviously, openly, bookshelves, shelf, sill. overtly, markedly, conspicuously, clatter: (n, v) rattle, jingle, bang, clank, distinctly, transparently. clang, roll, clink; (v) clash, chatter; (n) ANTONYMS: (adv) furtively, noise, racket. ANTONYM: (n) quiet. unnecessarily, vaguely, covertly. crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, scarlet, pertaining: (adj) relative, concerning, maroon; (v) blush, flush, redden; (adj) belonging, apposite, material, not bloody, ruddy, cherry; (n) deep red. absolute. gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race, piercing: (adj, n) sharp, cutting; (adj, v) spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v) fly; keen, penetrating, biting, bitter, (n, v) trot; (n) gait. harsh, shrill; (adj) high, raw, loud. manifestly: (adv) evidently, plainly, ANTONYMS: (adj) quiet, dull, soft,

hot. robert: (n) Henry Martin Robert. thereto: (adv) thereunto, moreover; (adj) likeness, accurate, coincidence, correct, correctness, deportment, detail, exact, expected. thrash: (v) flog, whip, beat, pound, defeat, whack, lam, drub, baste, lick, clobber. uttered: (adj) expressed, express, verbalised, verbalized, vocal, explicit, oral; (v) spoke, quoth, said.

Kate Chopin

39

Clatter, clatter, bang, clatter! "I have a letter somewhere," looking in the machine drawer and finding the letter in the bottom of the workbasket. "He says to tell you he will be in Vera Cruz the beginning of next month,"-- clatter, clatter!--"and if you still have the intention of joining him"--bang! clatter, clatter, bang! "Why didn't you tell me so before, mother? You know I wanted--"Clatter, clatter, clatter! "Do you see Mrs. Pontellier starting back with the children? She will be in late to luncheon again. She never starts to get ready for luncheon till the last minute." Clatter, clatter! "Where are you going?"% "Where did you say the Goncourt was?"

Thesaurus bang: (n, v) slam, hit, beat, strike, commode, engraver, chest, case, knock, smash, boom, thud, bump; locker. (adv, n, v) smack, slap. ANTONYMS: finding: (n) detection, judgment, (n) silence; (v) tiptoe. determination, discovery, verdict, bottom: (n) basis, backside, bed, ruling, breakthrough, resolution, behind, foot, footing, back, doom, decree, find. foundation, posterior, floor; (n, v) intention: (n) idea, intent, goal, ground. ANTONYMS: (n) pinnacle, purpose, cause, motive, mind; (n, v) summit, peak, roof, apex, ceiling, aim, end, design, drift. middle; (adj) highest. joining: (n) connection, junction, drawer: (n) draftsman, drawers, till, connexion, union, combination, designer, box car, cartoonist, association, concatenation,

attachment, assembly, fastening; (adj) connecting. luncheon: (n) meal, tiffin, dejeuner, dinner, repast, party; (v) nunchion. starting: (adj) opening, initial; (n) start, commencement, first, outset, kickoff, origin, departure, origination, onset. till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller, drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to. workbasket: (n) container, workbox, sewing basket.

Kate Chopin

41

IX

Every light in the hall was ablaze; every lamp turned as high as it could be without smoking the chimney or threatening explosion. The lamps were fixed at intervals against the wall, encircling the whole room. Some one had gathered orange and lemon branches, and with these fashioned graceful festoons between. The dark green of the branches stood out and glistened against the white muslin curtains which draped the windows, and which puffed, floated, and flapped at the capricious will of a stiff breeze that swept up from the Gulf.% It was Saturday night a few weeks after the intimate conversation held between Robert and Madame Ratignolle on their way from the beach. An unusual number of husbands, fathers, and friends had come down to stay over Sunday; and they were being suitably entertained by their families, with the material help of Madame Lebrun. The dining tables had all been removed to one end of the hall, and the chairs ranged about in rows and in clusters. Each little family group had had its say and exchanged its domestic gossip earlier in the evening. There was now an apparent disposition to relax; to widen the circle of confidences and give a more general tone to the conversation. Many of the children had been permitted to sit up beyond their usual bedtime. A small band of them were lying on their stomachs on the floor looking at the colored sheets of the comic papers which Mr. Pontellier had

Thesaurus ablaze: (adj, v) afire, alight, blazing; (adj) flaming, burning, on fire, passionate, bright, flushed, fiery; (v) splendid. ANTONYMS: (adj) dark, dispassionate, dull, dim, smothered, unexcited, extinguished. bedtime: (n) night, gloaming, going down of the sun, dewy eve. capricious: (adj) fanciful, whimsical, irregular, freakish, arbitrary, fickle, changeable, impulsive, volatile, variable, unpredictable.

ANTONYMS: (adj) dependable, muslin: (v) linen, cloth; (n) predictable, stable, steady, steadfast, mousseline, organdy, cambric, crash, placid, logical, fixed, consistent, fabric, nainsook, organdie. puffed: (adj) puff, bloated, distended, serious. dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat. puffy, tumid, turgid, swell, draped: (adj) mantled, covered, breathless, bepuffed, overflowing, cloaked, clothed, curtained, out of breath. widen: (v) extend, stretch, broaden, disguised, absorbed, clad. exchanged: (adj) counterchanged, enlarge, increase, spread, distend, bartered, substituted. develop, dilate, amplify, flare. fashioned: (adj) formed, featured, ANTONYMS: (v) contract, cramp, fictitious, intentional, bent, wrought. restrict, shrink, curtail, decrease.

42

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

brought down. The little Pontellier boys were permitting them to do so, and making their authority felt.% Music, dancing, and a recitation or two were the entertainments furnished, or rather, offered. But there was nothing systematic about the programme, no appearance of prearrangement nor even premeditation. At an early hour in the evening the Farival twins were prevailed upon to play the piano. They were girls of fourteen, always clad in the Virgin's colors, blue and white, having been dedicated to the Blessed Virgin at their baptism. They played a duet from "Zampa," and at the earnest solicitation of every one present followed it with the overture to "The Poet and the Peasant." "Allez vous-en! Sapristi!" shrieked the parrot outside the door. He was the only being present who possessed sufficient candor to admit that he was not listening to these gracious performances for the first time that summer. Old Monsieur Farival, grandfather of the twins, grew indignant over the interruption, and insisted upon having the bird removed and consigned to regions of darkness. Victor Lebrun objected; and his decrees were as immutable as those of Fate. The parrot fortunately offered no further interruption to the entertainment, the whole venom of his nature apparently having been cherished up and hurled against the twins in that one impetuous outburst. Later a young brother and sister gave recitations, which every one present had heard many times at winter evening entertainments in the city. A little girl performed a skirt dance in the center of the floor. The mother played her accompaniments and at the same time watched her daughter with greedy admiration and nervous apprehension. She need have had no apprehension. The child was mistress of the situation. She had been properly dressed for the occasion in black tulle and black silk tights. Her little neck and arms were bare, and her hair, artificially crimped, stood out like fluffy black plumes over her head. Her poses were full of grace, and her little black-shod toes twinkled as they shot out and upward with a rapidity and suddenness which were bewildering.

Thesaurus accompaniments: (n) equipment, trimmings, fixing. colors: (n) flag, colours, paints, banner, color, colour, ensign, pigment, tint, dye, paint. consigned: (adj) destined, aboard. crimped: (adj) corrugated, kinky, frustrated. immutable: (adj) unchangeable, permanent, changeless, eternal, inflexible, unchanging, irrevocable, stable, unalterable, invariable, fixed.

ANTONYMS: (adj) changeable, variable, flexible. impetuous: (adj) boisterous, hasty, fiery, headlong, heady, hot, brash, foolhardy, dashing, fierce; (adj, v) impulsive. ANTONYMS: (adj) considered, careful, slow, sensible, patient. prearrangement: (n) arrangement, deal, agreement. premeditation: (n) predetermination, predestination, provision,

preparation, purpose, aforethought, predeliberation, forecast, preordination, foresight, planning. recitation: (n) reading, narration, narrative, description, rehearsal, lesson, account, practice, exercise, oration, explanation. suddenness: (n) steepness, hastiness, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitateness, sudden, craggedness, surprise, precipitousness, brusqueness, curtness.

Kate Chopin

43

But there was no reason why every one should not dance. Madame Ratignolle could not, so it was she who gaily consented to play for the others. She played very well, keeping excellent waltz time and infusing an expression into the strains which was indeed inspiring. She was keeping up her music on account of the children, she said; because she and her husband both considered it a means of brightening the home and making it attractive.% Almost every one danced but the twins, who could not be induced to separate during the brief period when one or the other should be whirling around the room in the arms of a man. They might have danced together, but they did not think of it. The children were sent to bed. Some went submissively; others with shrieks and protests as they were dragged away. They had been permitted to sit up till after the ice-cream, which naturally marked the limit of human indulgence. The ice-cream was passed around with cake--gold and silver cake arranged on platters in alternate slices; it had been made and frozen during the afternoon back of the kitchen by two black women, under the supervision of Victor. It was pronounced a great success--excellent if it had only contained a little less vanilla or a little more sugar, if it had been frozen a degree harder, and if the salt might have been kept out of portions of it. Victor was proud of his achievement, and went about recommending it and urging every one to partake of it to excess. After Mrs. Pontellier had danced twice with her husband, once with Robert, and once with Monsieur Ratignolle, who was thin and tall and swayed like a reed in the wind when he danced, she went out on the gallery and seated herself on the low window-sill, where she commanded a view of all that went on in the hall and could look out toward the Gulf. There was a soft effulgence in the east. The moon was coming up, and its mystic shimmer was casting a million lights across the distant, restless water. "Would you like to hear Mademoiselle Reisz play?" asked Robert, coming out on the porch where she was. Of course Edna would like to hear Mademoiselle Reisz play; but she feared it would be useless to entreat her.

Thesaurus brightening: (n) blooming, polishing, limb, illumination, first blush, break of day. effulgence: (n) brilliance, brightness, radiancy, glow, radiance, luster, burnish, glory, shine, sheen, refulgence. entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore, pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure, crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand, reject. mystic: (adj, v) secret, recondite; (adj)

mysterious, occult, cryptical, cryptic, esoteric, inscrutable, weird, magical; (adj, n) psychic. partake: (v) deal, touch, share, consume, attend, eat, taste, receive, communicate, join, have. ANTONYM: (v) refrain. shimmer: (n, v) shine, flash, gleam, sparkle, glitter, glimmer, beam, luster, sheen; (v) flicker, twinkle. submissively: (adv) meekly, subserviently, compliantly, passively,

deferentially, tamely, obsequiously, yieldingly, slavishly, acquiescently, dutifully. ANTONYMS: (adv) forcefully, aggressively, wildly, defiantly, assertively. swayed: (adj) persuaded, susceptible, touched, convinced. ANTONYM: (adj) doubtful. whirling: (adj) rotary, revolving, dizzy, giddy, lightheaded, rotating, vortical; (n) rotation, gyration, revolution; (adj, n) swirling.

44

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"I'll ask her," he said. "I'll tell her that you want to hear her. She likes you. She will come." He turned and hurried away to one of the far cottages, where Mademoiselle Reisz was shuffling away. She was dragging a chair in and out of her room, and at intervals objecting to the crying of a baby, which a nurse in the adjoining cottage was endeavoring to put to sleep. She was a disagreeable little woman, no longer young, who had quarreled with almost every one, owing to a temper which was self-assertive and a disposition to trample upon the rights of others. Robert prevailed upon her without any too great difficulty.% She entered the hall with him during a lull in the dance. She made an awkward, imperious little bow as she went in. She was a homely woman, with a small weazened face and body and eyes that glowed. She had absolutely no taste in dress, and wore a batch of rusty black lace with a bunch of artificial violets pinned to the side of her hair. "Ask Mrs. Pontellier what she would like to hear me play," she requested of Robert. She sat perfectly still before the piano, not touching the keys, while Robert carried her message to Edna at the window. A general air of surprise and genuine satisfaction fell upon every one as they saw the pianist enter. There was a settling down, and a prevailing air of expectancy everywhere. Edna was a trifle embarrassed at being thus signaled out for the imperious little woman's favor. She would not dare to choose, and begged that Mademoiselle Reisz would please herself in her selections. Edna was what she herself called very fond of music. Musical strains, well rendered, had a way of evoking pictures in her mind. She sometimes liked to sit in the room of mornings when Madame Ratignolle played or practiced. One piece which that lady played Edna had entitled "Solitude." It was a short, plaintive, minor strain. The name of the piece was something else, but she called it "Solitude." When she heard it there came before her imagination the figure of a man standing beside a desolate rock on the seashore. He was naked. His attitude was one of hopeless resignation as he looked toward a distant bird winging its flight away from him. Another piece called to her mind a dainty young woman clad in an Empire

Thesaurus clad: (adj) dressed, attired, clothed, objecting: (adj) disappointed, coated, garbed; (n) cladding; (prep) disinclined, opposed. gowned; (v) costume, shod, dress, plaintive: (adj) pathetic, piteous, attire. ANTONYMS: (adj) undressed, lugubrious, doleful, sad, wistful, unclothed. sorrowful, woeful, elegiac, dolorous, endeavoring: (n) effort; (adj) aspiring. lamentable. imperious: (adj) haughty, practiced: (adj) adept, expert, skillful, domineering, authoritative, arbitrary, versed, proficient, accomplished, imperative, masterful, dictatorial, skilful, skilled, trained, practised, able. ANTONYMS: (adj) commanding, lordly, magisterial, despotic. ANTONYM: (adj) inexperienced, untrained, subservient. incompetent, clumsy, unqualified.

seashore: (n) beach, coast, shore, seaboard, seacoast, coastline, shoreline, seaside, landfall, litoral; (adj) marine. self-assertive: (adj) brash, opinionated, militant, gay, pushy, forward, overconfident, pugnacious, strong. strains: (n) tension, tenseness. trample: (v) oppress, stamp, squash, crush, tread, flatten, defeat, suppress, step, frustrate; (n) trampling. winging: (n) flight.

Kate Chopin

45

gown, taking mincing dancing steps as she came down a long avenue between tall hedges. Again, another reminded her of children at play, and still another of nothing on earth but a demure lady stroking a cat.% The very first chords which Mademoiselle Reisz struck upon the piano sent a keen tremor down Mrs. Pontellier's spinal column. It was not the first time she had heard an artist at the piano. Perhaps it was the first time she was ready, perhaps the first time her being was tempered to take an impress of the abiding truth. She waited for the material pictures which she thought would gather and blaze before her imagination. She waited in vain. She saw no pictures of solitude, of hope, of longing, or of despair. But the very passions themselves were aroused within her soul, swaying it, lashing it, as the waves daily beat upon her splendid body. She trembled, she was choking, and the tears blinded her. Mademoiselle had finished. She arose, and bowing her stiff, lofty bow, she went away, stopping for neither, thanks nor applause. As she passed along the gallery she patted Edna upon the shoulder. "Well, how did you like my music?" she asked. The young woman was unable to answer; she pressed the hand of the pianist convulsively. Mademoiselle Reisz perceived her agitation and even her tears. She patted her again upon the shoulder as she said: "You are the only one worth playing for. Those others? Bah!" and she went shuffling and sidling on down the gallery toward her room. But she was mistaken about "those others." Her playing had aroused a fever of enthusiasm. "What passion!" "What an artist!" "I have always said no one could play Chopin like Mademoiselle Reisz!" "That last prelude! Bon Dieu! It shakes a man!" It was growing late, and there was a general disposition to disband. But some one, perhaps it was Robert, thought of a bath at that mystic hour and under that mystic moon.

Thesaurus abiding: (adj) immortal, stable, timid; (adj, v) sober, grave. ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, outgoing, constant, everlasting, lasting, enduring, perpetual, eternal, extroverted, loudmouthed, perennial, continuing, imperishable. boisterous, decadent, exciting, ANTONYMS: (adj) ephemeral, indecorous, brazen. disband: (v) break up, dismiss, fleeting, impermanent, temporary, passing, mortal, erratic, inconstant. disintegrate, disperse, dissolve, convulsively: (adv) spasmodically, discharge, demobilize, dispel, paroxysmally, spasticly, with disenthral, disenthrall, demob. ANTONYMS: (v) inaugurate, unite, convulsions. demure: (adj) humble, modest, coy, mobilize. reserved, prim, bashful, shy, retiring, lashing: (n) beating, drubbing,

flagellation, trouncing, whipping, fastening, tanning, lacing, castigation, chastisement, thrashing. mincing: (adj) mince, prim, mannered, twee, pretentious, foppish, affected, la-di-da, simpering, nice, sentimental. shakes: (n) hangover, jitters, nervousness, tension, anxiety. shuffling: (n) shuffle, evasion, shambling, make, shamble; (adj) evasive, moral turpitude, milling, laxity, abjection; (n, v) prevarication.

Kate Chopin

47

X

At all events Robert proposed it, and there was not a dissenting voice. There was not one but was ready to follow when he led the way. He did not lead the way, however, he directed the way; and he himself loitered behind with the lovers, who had betrayed a disposition to linger and hold themselves apart. He walked between them, whether with malicious or mischievous intent was not wholly clear, even to himself.% The Pontelliers and Ratignolles walked ahead; the women leaning upon the arms of their husbands. Edna could hear Robert's voice behind them, and could sometimes hear what he said. She wondered why he did not join them. It was unlike him not to. Of late he had sometimes held away from her for an entire day, redoubling his devotion upon the next and the next, as though to make up for hours that had been lost. She missed him the days when some pretext served to take him away from her, just as one misses the sun on a cloudy day without having thought much about the sun when it was shining. The people walked in little groups toward the beach. They talked and laughed; some of them sang. There was a band playing down at Klein's hotel, and the strains reached them faintly, tempered by the distance. There were strange, rare odors abroad-- a tangle of the sea smell and of weeds and damp, new-plowed earth, mingled with the heavy perfume of a field of white blossoms

Thesaurus cloudy: (adj) dull, gloomy, nebulous, murky, dark, turbid, foggy, muddy, misty, sunless, vaporous. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, bright, sunny, cloudless. dissenting: (adj) dissident, heretical, discordant, profane, unorthodox, uncooperative, skeptical, sacrilegious, recalcitrant; (v) disagreeing, disagree. ANTONYMS: (adj) conformist, cooperative. linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover,

stay, hesitate, hang around, procrastinate, dawdle, tarry, saunter. ANTONYMS: (v) hurry, end, rush, depart, lead. mingled: (adj) miscellaneous, complex, indiscriminate, heterogeneous, medley, confused, eclectic, motley, different; (v) blended, blent. mischievous: (adj) bad, injurious, detrimental, naughty, deleterious, impish, harmful, playful, maleficent, arch; (adj, v) hurtful. ANTONYMS:

(adj) harmless, serious. pretext: (n) pretense, pretension, color, pretence, mask, plea, guise, sham, appearance; (n, v) excuse, cloak. sang: (n) panax quinquefolius, sing, herb, herbaceous plant. tempered: (adj) attempered, temperate, moderated, toughened, subdued, set, enured, proportioned, properly adapted, emotionally hardened, treated. ANTONYM: (adj) untempered.

48

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

somewhere near. But the night sat lightly upon the sea and the land. There was no weight of darkness; there were no shadows. The white light of the moon had fallen upon the world like the mystery and the softness of sleep.% Most of them walked into the water as though into a native element. The sea was quiet now, and swelled lazily in broad billows that melted into one another and did not break except upon the beach in little foamy crests that coiled back like slow, white serpents. Edna had attempted all summer to learn to swim. She had received instructions from both the men and women; in some instances from the children. Robert had pursued a system of lessons almost daily; and he was nearly at the point of discouragement in realizing the futility of his efforts. A certain ungovernable dread hung about her when in the water, unless there was a hand near by that might reach out and reassure her. But that night she was like the little tottering, stumbling, clutching child, who of a sudden realizes its powers, and walks for the first time alone, boldly and with over-confidence. She could have shouted for joy. She did shout for joy, as with a sweeping stroke or two she lifted her body to the surface of the water. A feeling of exultation overtook her, as if some power of significant import had been given her to control the working of her body and her soul. She grew daring and reckless, overestimating her strength. She wanted to swim far out, where no woman had swum before. Her unlooked-for achievement was the subject of wonder, applause, and admiration. Each one congratulated himself that his special teachings had accomplished this desired end. "How easy it is!" she thought. "It is nothing," she said aloud; "why did I not discover before that it was nothing. Think of the time I have lost splashing about like a baby!" She would not join the groups in their sports and bouts, but intoxicated with her newly conquered power, she swam out alone. She turned her face seaward to gather in an impression of space and solitude, which the vast expanse of water, meeting and melting with the moonlit sky,

Thesaurus billows: (n) great waters, high seas, offing, watery waste, brine, vapors, clouds, smoke, sea, ocean, main. discouragement: (n) dismay, disappointment, despair, determent, depression, deterrent, despondency, check, dejection, dissuasion, alarm. ANTONYMS: (n) incentive, boost, hopefulness. exultation: (n) jubilation, joy, delight, ecstasy, elation, rejoicing, revelling, transport, joyousness, bliss, glee.

ANTONYMS: (n) depression, swollen, adult, boastful, bighearted, desolation, misery, sorrow. bad, fully grown, crowing, elder. foamy: (adj) effervescent, foaming, tottering: (adj) unsteady, ramshackle, bubbly, spumy, spumous, sudsy, easily shaken, tottery, sick, rocky, broken, trembling, cracked; (v) effervescing, bubbling, beaten, drooping; (n) convulsion. yeasty, barmy. moonlit: (adj) moony, dreamy, bright. ungovernable: (adj) unruly, ANTONYM: (adj) moonless. uncontrollable, irrepressible, seaward: (adj) inshore, onshore, intractable, licentious, violent, wild, coastal; (adv) toward the sea. indocile, uncontrolled, turbulent; (adj, ANTONYM: (adj) offshore. v) headstrong. swelled: (adj) big, inflated, bloated, unlooked-for: (adj) unforeseen.

Kate Chopin

49

conveyed to her excited fancy. As she swam she seemed to be reaching out for the unlimited in which to lose herself.% Once she turned and looked toward the shore, toward the people she had left there. She had not gone any great distance that is, what would have been a great distance for an experienced swimmer. But to her unaccustomed vision the stretch of water behind her assumed the aspect of a barrier which her unaided strength would never be able to overcome. A quick vision of death smote her soul, and for a second of time appalled and enfeebled her senses. But by an effort she rallied her staggering faculties and managed to regain the land. She made no mention of her encounter with death and her flash of terror, except to say to her husband, "I thought I should have perished out there alone." "You were not so very far, my dear; I was watching you", he told her. Edna went at once to the bath-house, and she had put on her dry clothes and was ready to return home before the others had left the water. She started to walk away alone. They all called to her and shouted to her. She waved a dissenting hand, and went on, paying no further heed to their renewed cries which sought to detain her. "Sometimes I am tempted to think that Mrs. Pontellier is capricious," said Madame Lebrun, who was amusing herself immensely and feared that Edna's abrupt departure might put an end to the pleasure. "I know she is," assented Mr. Pontellier; "sometimes, not often." Edna had not traversed a quarter of the distance on her way home before she was overtaken by Robert. "Did you think I was afraid?" she asked him, without a shade of annoyance. "No; I knew you weren't afraid." "Then why did you come? Why didn't you stay out there with the others?" "I never thought of it." "Thought of what?"

Thesaurus conveyed: (v) borne, sent. caution, advertence, advertency; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable, detain: (v) arrest, confine, catch, attend, hear. ANTONYMS: (n, v) normal, lovely, comforting. disregard; (n) inattentiveness. swimmer: (n) bather, natator, surfer, capture, apprehend, stay, keep, jail, perished: (adj) decayed, emperished, imprison, incarcerate, retard. diver, traveller, traveler, aquanaut, ANTONYMS: (v) free, liberate, rush. rotting, annihilated, fallen, lost, athlete, surfboarder, divers, plunger. enfeebled: (adj) infirm, enervated, moldy, nonexistent, putrefied, dead, unaided: (adj) naked, unassisted, feeble, decrepit, crippled, old, decomposed. defenseless, nude, bare, independent, adynamic; (adj, v) sickly, vacillating; smote: (v) smite. unaccompanied, open; (adj, adv) (v) weak, accessible. staggering: (adj) astounding, amazing, alone, on your own; (adv) singlefaculties: (n) mother wit. incredible, inconceivable, prodigious, handed. ANTONYM: (adv) jointly. heed: (n, v) consideration, concern, waved: (adj) undulating, wavy, curly, marvelous, startling, ghastly, regard, mind, attention, notice; (n) shocking, remarkable, extraordinary. not dated, undated.

50

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"Of anything. What difference does it make?" "I'm very tired," she uttered, complainingly.% "I know you are." "You don't know anything about it. Why should you know? I never was so exhausted in my life. But it isn't unpleasant. A thousand emotions have swept through me to-night. I don't comprehend half of them. Don't mind what I'm saying; I am just thinking aloud. I wonder if I shall ever be stirred again as Mademoiselle Reisz's playing moved me to-night. I wonder if any night on earth will ever again be like this one. It is like a night in a dream. The people about me are like some uncanny, half-human beings. There must be spirits abroad tonight." "There are," whispered Robert, "Didn't you know this was the twenty-eighth of August?" "The twenty-eighth of August?" "Yes. On the twenty-eighth of August, at the hour of midnight, and if the moon is shining--the moon must be shining--a spirit that has haunted these shores for ages rises up from the Gulf. With its own penetrating vision the spirit seeks some one mortal worthy to hold him company, worthy of being exalted for a few hours into realms of the semi-celestials. His search has always hitherto been fruitless, and he has sunk back, disheartened, into the sea. But to-night he found Mrs. Pontellier. Perhaps he will never wholly release her from the spell. Perhaps she will never again suffer a poor, unworthy earthling to walk in the shadow of her divine presence." "Don't banter me," she said, wounded at what appeared to be his flippancy. He did not mind the entreaty, but the tone with its delicate note of pathos was like a reproach. He could not explain; he could not tell her that he had penetrated her mood and understood. He said nothing except to offer her his arm, for, by her own admission, she was exhausted. She had been walking alone with her arms hanging limp, letting her white skirts trail along the dewy path. She took his arm, but she did not lean upon it. She let her hand lie listlessly, as

Thesaurus dewy: (adj) wet, dank, bedewed, humid, moist, damp, fresh, new, roric, undried, rorid. disheartened: (adj) dejected, depressed, despondent, dispirited, demoralized, disappointed, sad, downcast, down, low, daunted. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, enthusiastic, happy, positive, hopeful. earthling: (n) earthman, mortal, inhabitant, man, terrestrial, denizen,

dweller, tellurian. exalted: (adj) elevated, eminent, noble, high, August, elated, dignified, great, sublime, grand, big. ANTONYMS: (adj) belittled, condemned, criticized, debased, humble, humiliated, low, lowly, minor, ridiculed, base. flippancy: (n) giddiness, levity, humor, rashness, sauciness, lightness, disrespect; (adj) tongue, procacity, petulance, flowing. ANTONYMS: (n) gravity, penetration, sincerity.

listlessly: (adv) sluggishly, spiritlessly, indifferently, languidly, slowly, weakly, indolently, supinely, lazily, inanimately, slackly. ANTONYMS: (adv) brightly, nimbly. pathos: (v) emotion, inspiration, impression, affection; (n) poignancy, pity, ruth, commiseration, grief, poignance, sympathy. penetrated: (adj) perforated, entered. shores: (n) coast, seaboard, seashore, shoreline. ANTONYM: (n) interior.

Kate Chopin

51

though her thoughts were elsewhere--somewhere in advance of her body, and she was striving to overtake them.% Robert assisted her into the hammock which swung from the post before her door out to the trunk of a tree. "Will you stay out here and wait for Mr. Pontellier?" he asked. "I'll stay out here. Good-night." "Shall I get you a pillow?" "There's one here," she said, feeling about, for they were in the shadow. "It must be soiled; the children have been tumbling it about." "No matter." And having discovered the pillow, she adjusted it beneath her head. She extended herself in the hammock with a deep breath of relief. She was not a supercilious or an over-dainty woman. She was not much given to reclining in the hammock, and when she did so it was with no cat-like suggestion of voluptuous ease, but with a beneficent repose which seemed to invade her whole body. "Shall I stay with you till Mr. Pontellier comes?" asked Robert, seating himself on the outer edge of one of the steps and taking hold of the hammock rope which was fastened to the post. "If you wish. Don't swing the hammock. Will you get my white shawl which I left on the window-sill over at the house?" "Are you chilly?" "No; but I shall be presently." "Presently?" he laughed. "Do you know what time it is? How long are you going to stay out here?" "I don't know. Will you get the shawl?" "Of course I will," he said, rising. He went over to the house, walking along the grass. She watched his figure pass in and out of the strips of moonlight. It was past midnight. It was very quiet.

Thesaurus assisted: (adj) aided. beneficent: (adj) benevolent, kind, philanthropic, good, gracious, munificent, merciful, generous, eleemosynary, bounteous; (n) kindly. hammock: (n) berth, hill, cot, cradle, bed, crib, to lash a hammock, stretcher, shakedown, litter, bedstead. overtake: (v) catch, attain, catch up with, exceed, overpower, overcome, go by, gain, devastate, outstrip, beat.

reclining: (adj, v) leaning; (adj) recumbent, decumbent, accumbent, lying, lying down, obligatory, idle, prone, prostrate; (n) relaxation. seating: (n) room, circle, parterre, parquet, orchestra, service, way, base, footing, housing, stand. shawl: (n) wrap, mantle, cape, muffler, scarf, pall, mantlet Mantua, wrapper, kerchief, headscarf, stole. soiled: (adj) grubby, dirty, nasty, grimy, unclean, filthy, muddy, black,

mucky, polluted, foul. ANTONYMS: (adj) pure, immaculate. supercilious: (adj) proud, haughty, disdainful, lofty, contemptuous, contumelious, cavalier, lordly, arrogant, scornful, high and mighty. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, affable. voluptuous: (adj) luscious, voluptuary, sensual, carnal, sybaritic, epicurean, buxom, sexy, sensuous, lascivious, erotic. ANTONYM: (adj) underdeveloped.

52

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

When he returned with the shawl she took it and kept it in her hand. She did not put it around her.% "Did you say I should stay till Mr. Pontellier came back?" "I said you might if you wished to." He seated himself again and rolled a cigarette, which he smoked in silence. Neither did Mrs. Pontellier speak. No multitude of words could have been more significant than those moments of silence, or more pregnant with the first-felt throbbings of desire. When the voices of the bathers were heard approaching, Robert said goodnight. She did not answer him. He thought she was asleep. Again she watched his figure pass in and out of the strips of moonlight as he walked away.

XI

"What are you doing out here, Edna? I thought I should find you in bed," said her husband, when he discovered her lying there. He had walked up with Madame Lebrun and left her at the house. His wife did not reply. "Are you asleep?" he asked, bending down close to look at her. "No." Her eyes gleamed bright and intense, with no sleepy shadows, as they looked into his. "Do you know it is past one o'clock? Come on," and he mounted the steps

Thesaurus approaching: (adj) future, forthcoming, impending, imminent, oncoming, near; (adj, n) coming; (n, v) approach; (adv) nearly, almost; (prep) toward. bending: (n) bow, bend, deflection, deflexion, refraction, flexure, crook; (adj) flexible, supple, winding, pliant. ANTONYM: (adj) stiff. moonlight: (adj, n) moonshine; (n) moonbeam, moonglade, occupation, lunation, lunar month, labor; (n, v)

work; (v) pilfer, do work; (adj) moonshiny. mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting, mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated. ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted. multitude: (n) flock, horde, crowd, host, throng, concourse, mob, masses, mass, herd, swarm. ANTONYM: (n) trickle. o'clock: (n) period, hours. rolled: (adj) rolling, furled, involute, scroll, coiled, resonant, trilled,

reverberative, reverberating, resounding, spiral. shadows: (n) dark, darkness, night, dimness, dusk, fogginess, mistiness, gloom, cloudiness. ANTONYM: (n) brightness. sleepy: (adj) drowsy, dozy, slow, lazy, hypnotic, inactive, comatose, dull, heavy, dreamy; (adv) asleep. ANTONYMS: (adj) awake, energetic, vigorous, clear, lively, refreshed. voices: (n) chorus.

Kate Chopin

53

and went into their room.% "Edna!" called Mr. Pontellier from within, after a few moments had gone by. "Don't wait for me," she answered. He thrust his head through the door. "You will take cold out there," he said, irritably. "What folly is this? Why don't you come in?" "It isn't cold; I have my shawl." "The mosquitoes will devour you." "There are no mosquitoes." She heard him moving about the room; every sound indicating impatience and irritation. Another time she would have gone in at his request. She would, through habit, have yielded to his desire; not with any sense of submission or obedience to his compelling wishes, but unthinkingly, as we walk, move, sit, stand, go through the daily treadmill of the life which has been portioned out to us. "Edna, dear, are you not coming in soon?" he asked again, this time fondly, with a note of entreaty. "No; I am going to stay out here." "This is more than folly," he blurted out. "I can't permit you to stay out there all night. You must come in the house instantly." With a writhing motion she settled herself more securely in the hammock. She perceived that her will had blazed up, stubborn and resistant. She could not at that moment have done other than denied and resisted. She wondered if her husband had ever spoken to her like that before, and if she had submitted to his command. Of course she had; she remembered that she had. But she could not realize why or how she should have yielded, feeling as she then did. "Leonce, go to bed, " she said I mean to stay out here. I don't wish to go in, and I don't intend to. Don't speak to me like that again; I shall not answer you." Mr. Pontellier had prepared for bed, but he slipped on an extra garment. He opened a bottle of wine, of which he kept a small and select supply in a buffet of

Thesaurus devour: (v) eat, bolt, gulp, demolish, Nematocera, gnats, fungus gnats, carelessly, rashly, incautiously, guzzle, swallow, gorge, ingurgitate, Culicidae, suborder Nematocera, mindlessly, imprudently, foolishly, gobble, use up, absorb. ANTONYMS: family Culicidae. involuntarily, heedlessly, negligently, (v) avoid, abstain, regurgitate, nibble, securely: (adv) surely, safely, closely, recklessly. ANTONYMS: (adv) fast, sip. solidly, steadily, assuredly, strongly, consciously, deliberately, carefully, irritably: (adv) splenetically, tightly, fixly, setly, stably. anxiously, discreetly, sensibly, ANTONYM: (adv) insecurely. cholerically, cholericly, impatiently, tactfully, considerately. treadmill: (n) exercise device, galleys, writhing: (adj, n) twisting; (adj) angrily, heatedly, irately, pettishly, petulantly, snappily, sulkily. grind, grinder, groove, rat race, wriggly, squirming, wiggling, ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, routine, rut, treadwheel; (adj) wiggly, twisty, tortuous, snaky, winding, sinuous; (n) twist. cheerily, lightly. humdrum, monotonous. mosquitoes: (n) crane flies, unthinkingly: (adv) inconsiderately, yielded: (v) yold, yolden.

54

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

his own. He drank a glass of the wine and went out on the gallery and offered a glass to his wife. She did not wish any. He drew up the rocker, hoisted his slippered feet on the rail, and proceeded to smoke a cigar. He smoked two cigars; then he went inside and drank another glass of wine. Mrs. Pontellier again declined to accept a glass when it was offered to her. Mr. Pontellier once more seated himself with elevated feet, and after a reasonable interval of time smoked some more cigars.% Edna began to feel like one who awakens gradually out of a dream, a delicious, grotesque, impossible dream, to feel again the realities pressing into her soul. The physical need for sleep began to overtake her; the exuberance which had sustained and exalted her spirit left her helpless and yielding to the conditions which crowded her in. The stillest hour of the night had come, the hour before dawn, when the world seems to hold its breath. The moon hung low, and had turned from silver to copper in the sleeping sky. The old owl no longer hooted, and the water-oaks had ceased to moan as they bent their heads. Edna arose, cramped from lying so long and still in the hammock. She tottered up the steps, clutching feebly at the post before passing into the house. "Are you coming in, Leonce?" she asked, turning her face toward her husband. "Yes, dear," he answered, with a glance following a misty puff of smoke. "Just as soon as I have finished my cigar.

Thesaurus awakens: (adj) awakened. clutching: (n) locking. exuberance: (adj, n) abundance; (n) copiousness, ebullience, happiness, life, affluence, spirit, excess, overflow, joy; (adj) plenty. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, shortage, scarcity, listlessness, lethargy, depression, boredom, sadness, misery. feebly: (adv) faintly, unenthusiastically, dimly, hopelessly,

unproductively, unpersuasively, unconvincingly, uncertainly, reluctantly, powerlessly, insipidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) robustly, confidently, domineeringly, vehemently, stubbornly, strongly, effectively, convincingly, competently, admirably, wholeheartedly. misty: (adj) hazy, foggy, cloudy, brumous, dim, indistinct, nebulous, fuzzy, dark, dull, blurred.

ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct. puff: (adj, n, v) gasp; (n, v) blow, whiff, gust, drag; (v) boast, inflate, huff, heave, brag, distend. slippered: (adj) shod. yielding: (adj, v) flexible, pliable, supple, tractable, pliant; (adj) compliant, submissive, soft, obedient, docile; (n) submission. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard, firm, inflexible, solid, rigid, obstinate, stiff, stubborn, unyielding, rebellious.

Kate Chopin

55

XII

She slept but a few hours. They were troubled and feverish hours, disturbed with dreams that were intangible, that eluded her, leaving only an impression upon her half-awakened senses of something unattainable. She was up and dressed in the cool of the early morning. The air was invigorating and steadied somewhat her faculties. However, she was not seeking refreshment or help from any source, either external or from within. She was blindly following whatever impulse moved her, as if she had placed herself in alien hands for direction, and freed her soul of responsibility.% Most of the people at that early hour were still in bed and asleep. A few, who intended to go over to the Cheniere for mass, were moving about. The lovers, who had laid their plans the night before, were already strolling toward the wharf. The lady in black, with her Sunday prayer-book, velvet and gold-clasped, and her Sunday silver beads, was following them at no great distance. Old Monsieur Farival was up, and was more than half inclined to do anything that suggested itself. He put on his big straw hat, and taking his umbrella from the stand in the hall, followed the lady in black, never overtaking her. The little negro girl who worked Madame Lebrun's sewing-machine was sweeping the galleries with long, absent-minded strokes of the broom. Edna sent her up into the house to awaken Robert.

Thesaurus absent-minded: (adj) forgetful, oblivious, inattentive, preoccupied, abstracted. feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery, frenzied, fevered, excited, sick, fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj, n) hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, afebrile, collected, composed, mellow. invigorating: (adj) exhilarating, fresh, tonic, brisk, healthy, wholesome, cordial, benign, curative, crisp,

fascinating. ANTONYMS: (adj) soporific, soothing, relaxing, tiring, dull, debilitating, deadly. lady: (n) gentlewoman, Mrs, duchess, countess, spouse, madam, ma'am, milady, matron, woman; (v) squaw. ANTONYM: (n) Lord. negro: (n) black, darky, blackamoor, nigger, Negroid, black person, darkie, coon, moke, lightlessness; (adj) dark. overtaking: (n) passing, overtake,

pass, going, expiration, loss, departure, exit. unattainable: (adj) impossible, inaccessible, impracticable, impractical, unapproachable, unobtainable, out of print, not possible, unassailable, unavailable, unbeatable. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, accessible, possible, attainable, feasible. worked: (adj) elaborated, beaten.

56

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"Tell him I am going to the Cheniere. The boat is ready; tell him to hurry." He had soon joined her. She had never sent for him before. She had never asked for him. She had never seemed to want him before. She did not appear conscious that she had done anything unusual in commanding his presence. He was apparently equally unconscious of anything extraordinary in the situation. But his face was suffused with a quiet glow when he met her.% They went together back to the kitchen to drink coffee. There was no time to wait for any nicety of service. They stood outside the window and the cook passed them their coffee and a roll, which they drank and ate from the windowsill. Edna said it tasted good. She had not thought of coffee nor of anything. He told her he had often noticed that she lacked forethought. "Wasn't it enough to think of going to the Cheniere and waking you up?" she laughed. "Do I have to think of everything?--as Leonce says when he's in a bad humor. I don't blame him; he'd never be in a bad humor if it weren't for me." They took a short cut across the sands. At a distance they could see the curious procession moving toward the wharf--the lovers, shoulder to shoulder, creeping; the lady in black, gaining steadily upon them; old Monsieur Farival, losing ground inch by inch, and a young barefooted Spanish girl, with a red kerchief on her head and a basket on her arm, bringing up the rear. Robert knew the girl, and he talked to her a little in the boat. No one present understood what they said. Her name was Mariequita. She had a round, sly, piquant face and pretty black eyes. Her hands were small, and she kept them folded over the handle of her basket. Her feet were broad and coarse. She did not strive to hide them. Edna looked at her feet, and noticed the sand and slime between her brown toes. Beaudelet grumbled because Mariequita was there, taking up so much room. In reality he was annoyed at having old Monsieur Farival, who considered himself the better sailor of the two. But he would not quarrel with so old a man as Monsieur Farival, so he quarreled with Mariequita. The girl was deprecatory

Thesaurus barefooted: (adj) shoeless, unshod, discalced, bare footed. drank: (v) absorb. forethought: (n) caution, care, forecast, anticipation, deliberation, premeditation, precaution, counsel, circumspection, consideration, discretion. ANTONYMS: (n) hindsight, unpreparedness, neglect, impulsiveness, carelessness. kerchief: (n) napkin, neckerchief, hood, snood, headscarf, muffler,

scarf, shawl, coif, babushka, Kercher. nurture, educate, foster, nurse; (adj, v) nicety: (n) detail, exactness, erect; (n) tail; (adj, n) posterior; (adj) after. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) front; fastidiousness, nuance, refinement, (adj) fore; (n) head; (v) level. exactitude, justness, precision, slime: (adj) mud, silt; (n) mucus, ooze, correctness, daintiness, elegance. noticed: (adj) noted. phlegm, gook, muck, gunk, goo, filth; piquant: (adj) peppery, spicy, (adj, n) sludge. engaging, tasty, salty, strong, sharp, strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest, gamy; (adj, n) pungent, racy, struggle, fight, attempt, combat, trenchant. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, strain, work, aspire, aim. suffused: (adj) distributed, covered, dull, insipid, faint. rear: (v) breed, raise, bring up, full.

Kate Chopin

57

at one moment, appealing to Robert. She was saucy the next, moving her head up and down, making "eyes" at Robert and making "mouths" at Beaudelet.% The lovers were all alone. They saw nothing, they heard nothing. The lady in black was counting her beads for the third time. Old Monsieur Farival talked incessantly of what he knew about handling a boat, and of what Beaudelet did not know on the same subject. Edna liked it all. She looked Mariequita up and down, from her ugly brown toes to her pretty black eyes, and back again. "Why does she look at me like that?" inquired the girl of Robert. "Maybe she thinks you are pretty. Shall I ask her?" "No. Is she your sweetheart?" "She's a married lady, and has two children." "Oh! well! Francisco ran away with Sylvano's wife, who had four children. They took all his money and one of the children and stole his boat." "Shut up!" "Does she understand?" "Oh, hush!" "Are those two married over there--leaning on each other?" "Of course not," laughed Robert. "Of course not," echoed Mariequita, with a serious, confirmatory bob of the head. The sun was high up and beginning to bite. The swift breeze seemed to Edna to bury the sting of it into the pores of her face and hands. Robert held his umbrella over her. As they went cutting sidewise through the water, the sails bellied taut, with the wind filling and overflowing them. Old Monsieur Farival laughed sardonically at something as he looked at the sails, and Beaudelet swore at the old man under his breath. Sailing across the bay to the Cheniere Caminada, Edna felt as if she were

Thesaurus beads: (n) pearls, chaplet, censer, pax, patera, host, cross, pyx, reliquary, rood, thurible. bellied: (adj) bulging, ventricous, bellying, bulbous, protuberant, ventricular, ampullated, protrusive. confirmatory: (adj) collateral, affirmative, confirming, confirmative, assenting, corroboratory, positive, substantiating, substantiative, validating, validatory. liked: (adj) popular, loved, favorite,

preferred. ANTONYM: (adj) disliked. saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold, overflowing: (adj) full, copious, impudent, audacious, insolent, fresh, exuberant, flooding, bountiful, forward, impertinent, flippant, rude, generous, brimming, profuse; (n, v) brazen. ANTONYM: (adj) respectful. sidewise: (adv) sideway, laterally, flood, inundation, deluge. ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, scarce. obliquely, sidelong, athwart, aside, pores: (n) voids. perversely; (adj) lateral, side. sardonically: (adv) satirically, taut: (adj, v) firm, close; (adj) tense, cynically, bitingly, ironically, stiff, rigid, drawn, strained, stringent, stretched, inflexible; (v) fast. derisively, mockingly, mordantly, ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, limp, slack, contemptuously, scathingly, scornfully, cuttingly. droopy, relaxed, flabby.

58

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

being borne away from some anchorage which had held her fast, whose chains had been loosening--had snapped the night before when the mystic spirit was abroad, leaving her free to drift whithersoever she chose to set her sails. Robert spoke to her incessantly; he no longer noticed Mariequita. The girl had shrimps in her bamboo basket. They were covered with Spanish moss. She beat the moss down impatiently, and muttered to herself sullenly.% "Let us go to Grande Terre to-morrow?" said Robert in a low voice. "What shall we do there?" "Climb up the hill to the old fort and look at the little wriggling gold snakes, and watch the lizards sun themselves." She gazed away toward Grande Terre and thought she would like to be alone there with Robert, in the sun, listening to the ocean's roar and watching the slimy lizards writhe in and out among the ruins of the old fort. "And the next day or the next we can sail to the Bayou Brulow," he went on. "What shall we do there?" "Anything--cast bait for fish." "No; we'll go back to Grande Terre. Let the fish alone." "We'll go wherever you like," he said. "I'll have Tonie come over and help me patch and trim my boat. We shall not need Beaudelet nor any one. Are you afraid of the pirogue?" "Oh, no." "Then I'll take you some night in the pirogue when the moon shines. Maybe your Gulf spirit will whisper to you in which of these islands the treasures are hidden--direct you to the very spot, perhaps." "And in a day we should be rich!" she laughed. "I'd give it all to you, the pirate gold and every bit of treasure we could dig up. I think you would know how to spend it. Pirate gold isn't a thing to be hoarded or utilized. It is something to squander and throw to the four winds, for the fun of seeing the golden specks fly."

Thesaurus anchorage: (n) berth, port, mooring, shrimps: (n) subclass Malacostraca, moorage, encampment, roads, prawns, beach flies, order Decapoda, harbor, dock, road, moorings, haven. class Crustacea, lobsters, decapods, bamboo: (adj) wicker, basket weave, crabs, Malacostraca, Crustacea, natural fiber, rush; (n) rattan, barnacles. Poaceae, family Graminaceae, family slimy: (adj) greasy, slippery, muddy, Poaceae, Gramineae, grass family, sludgy, squalid, oily, oozy, ropy, family Gramineae. viscous, slimed, sordid. ANTONYM: hoarded: (adj) store, collective. (adj) reputable. pirogue: (n) piragua, canoe, kayak, squander: (v) fritter, dissipate, exhaust, lavish, blow, expend; (adj, v) dugout canoe, log canoe, keel boat, consume, spend, desolate; (n) periauger, periagua, bunker.

prodigality, dissipation. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, manage. utilized: (adj) occupied, applied. whithersoever: (adv) whatever place, whitherso. wriggling: (adj) squirming, writhing, twisting, wiggly, wriggle, moving, flexible, frisky, pliant, wriggly, winding. writhe: (adj, v) distort, wrest; (v) contort, wriggle, squirm, wrench, worm, coil, wiggle, thrash, warp.

Kate Chopin

59

"We'd share it, and scatter it together," he said. His face flushed.% They all went together up to the quaint little Gothic church of Our Lady of Lourdes, gleaming all brown and yellow with paint in the sun's glare. Only Beaudelet remained behind, tinkering at his boat, and Mariequita walked away with her basket of shrimps, casting a look of childish ill humor and reproach at Robert from the corner of her eye.

Thesaurus casting: (n) cast, hurl, pouring, ANTONYMS: (n) dullness, dimness. abuse, disgrace, reprimand, gleaming: (adj) brilliant, shiny, invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; molding, teeming, block, Malleable (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n, castings, fling, to throw something a radiant, glossy, lustrous, glowing, beaming, resplendent; (n) gleam, v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n) long distance, flinging, pelt. childish: (adj) childlike, naive, glimmer; (adj, adv) agleam. compliment, commendation, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, rough. approval. babyish, immature, simple, puerile, quaint: (adj) odd, funny, picturesque, scatter: (n, v) spread, spray; (v) infantile, juvenile, silly, frivolous, young. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, comical, fanciful, curious, whimsical, disperse, dispel, disseminate, old, wise, adult, jaded. strange, queer, peculiar, droll. distribute, break up, dissipate, glare: (n) glance, brilliance, radiance, ANTONYMS: (adj) modern, sprinkle, circulate, diffuse. brightness; (n, v) glower, flash, shine, ordinary, dull. ANTONYMS: (v) collect, reform, scowl, beam, frown; (v) flame. reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, attract, concentrate.

Kate Chopin

61

XIII

A feeling of oppression and drowsiness overcame Edna during the service. Her head began to ache, and the lights on the altar swayed before her eyes. Another time she might have made an effort to regain her composure; but her one thought was to quit the stifling atmosphere of the church and reach the open air. She arose, climbing over Robert's feet with a muttered apology. Old Monsieur Farival, flurried, curious, stood up, but upon seeing that Robert had followed Mrs. Pontellier, he sank back into his seat. He whispered an anxious inquiry of the lady in black, who did not notice him or reply, but kept her eyes fastened upon the pages of her velvet prayer-book.% "I felt giddy and almost overcome," Edna said, lifting her hands instinctively to her head and pushing her straw hat up from her forehead. "I couldn't have stayed through the service." They were outside in the shadow of the church. Robert was full of solicitude. "It was folly to have thought of going in the first place, let alone staying. Come over to Madame Antoine's; you can rest there." He took her arm and led her away, looking anxiously and continuously down into her face. How still it was, with only the voice of the sea whispering through the reeds that grew in the salt-water pools! The long line of little gray, weather-beaten houses nestled peacefully among the orange trees. It must always have been

Thesaurus composure: (n) calmness, serenity, poise, calm, equanimity, temper, aplomb, tranquillity, peace, temperament, disposition. ANTONYMS: (n) panic, discomposure, anger, nervousness, perturbation, anxiety, agitation, turbulence, awkwardness. drowsiness: (n) sleepiness, lethargy, dullness, doziness, laziness, somnolency, inertia, drowse, lassitude, languor, sluggishness.

ANTONYM: (n) alertness. Gramineae. flurried: (adj) frightened, agitated; (v) solicitude: (n) care, consideration, gallied. anxiety, thought, apprehension, giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, faint, regard, attention, fear, disquietude, heed, fret. ANTONYMS: (n) silly, changeable, vertiginous, featherbrained, light, fickle, negligence, serenity, thoughtlessness. capricious; (adv) careless. stifling: (adj) close, oppressive, ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull. sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid, nestled: (adj) closer, close. sticky; (n) crushing, quelling, reeds: (n) Poaceae, grass family, suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj) Graminaceae, family Gramineae, fresh, airy, cool, temperate. weather-beaten: (adj) gnarled, rugged. family Graminaceae, bamboo,

62

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

God's day on that low, drowsy island, Edna thought. They stopped, leaning over a jagged fence made of sea-drift, to ask for water. A youth, a mild-faced Acadian, was drawing water from the cistern, which was nothing more than a rusty buoy, with an opening on one side, sunk in the ground. The water which the youth handed to them in a tin pail was not cold to taste, but it was cool to her heated face, and it greatly revived and refreshed her.% Madame Antoine's cot was at the far end of the village. She welcomed them with all the native hospitality, as she would have opened her door to let the sunlight in. She was fat, and walked heavily and clumsily across the floor. She could speak no English, but when Robert made her understand that the lady who accompanied him was ill and desired to rest, she was all eagerness to make Edna feel at home and to dispose of her comfortably. The whole place was immaculately clean, and the big, four-posted bed, snow-white, invited one to repose. It stood in a small side room which looked out across a narrow grass plot toward the shed, where there was a disabled boat lying keel upward. Madame Antoine had not gone to mass. Her son Tonie had, but she supposed he would soon be back, and she invited Robert to be seated and wait for him. But he went and sat outside the door and smoked. Madame Antoine busied herself in the large front room preparing dinner. She was boiling mullets over a few red coals in the huge fireplace. Edna, left alone in the little side room, loosened her clothes, removing the greater part of them. She bathed her face, her neck and arms in the basin that stood between the windows. She took off her shoes and stockings and stretched herself in the very center of the high, white bed. How luxurious it felt to rest thus in a strange, quaint bed, with its sweet country odor of laurel lingering about the sheets and mattress! She stretched her strong limbs that ached a little. She ran her fingers through her loosened hair for a while. She looked at her round arms as she held them straight up and rubbed them one after the other, observing closely, as if it were something she saw for the first time, the fine, firm quality and texture of her flesh. She clasped her hands easily above her head,

Thesaurus buoy: (v) uphold, encourage, bolster, sustain, cheer, buoy up, inspire, give a lift, weigh mount; (adj) float; (n) signal. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage; (n) drown, sink. coals: (n) ashes, fire, residue, embers. drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy, comatose, somnolent, slow, lethargic, sluggish, dull, indolent, soporific, listless. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, awake, lively, vigorous, vivacious, refreshed.

immaculately: (adv) perfectly, faultlessly, blamelessly, purely, flawlessly, unblemishedly, stainlessly, undefiledly, unsulliedly, clearly, cleanly. keel: (n) foot, hoof, carina, root, fin keel; (v) careen, cool, pitch, tumble, droop, flag. laurel: (n) bays, honor, rose-laurel, cassia, cinnamon, sweet bay, Daphne, bay tree, palm, garland, fame. loosened: (adj) disentangled, loose,

freed, disengaged, extricated, unsnarled. mullets: (n) grey mullet. pail: (n) bucketful, jug, tub, pailful, cannikin, pails, skeel, tankard, pot, pipkin, vessel. refreshed: (adj) invigorated, rejuvenated, reinvigorated, new, novel, revived, impudent, energizing, overbold, energising, clean. ANTONYM: (adj) tired. removing: (adj) departing.

Kate Chopin

63

and it was thus she fell asleep.% She slept lightly at first, half awake and drowsily attentive to the things about her. She could hear Madame Antoine's heavy, scraping tread as she walked back and forth on the sanded floor. Some chickens were clucking outside the windows, scratching for bits of gravel in the grass. Later she half heard the voices of Robert and Tonie talking under the shed. She did not stir. Even her eyelids rested numb and heavily over her sleepy eyes. The voices went on-Tonie's slow, Acadian drawl, Robert's quick, soft, smooth French. She understood French imperfectly unless directly addressed, and the voices were only part of the other drowsy, muffled sounds lulling her senses. When Edna awoke it was with the conviction that she had slept long and soundly. The voices were hushed under the shed. Madame Antoine's step was no longer to be heard in the adjoining room. Even the chickens had gone elsewhere to scratch and cluck. The mosquito bar was drawn over her; the old woman had come in while she slept and let down the bar. Edna arose quietly from the bed, and looking between the curtains of the window, she saw by the slanting rays of the sun that the afternoon was far advanced. Robert was out there under the shed, reclining in the shade against the sloping keel of the overturned boat. He was reading from a book. Tonie was no longer with him. She wondered what had become of the rest of the party. She peeped out at him two or three times as she stood washing herself in the little basin between the windows. Madame Antoine had laid some coarse, clean towels upon a chair, and had placed a box of poudre de riz within easy reach. Edna dabbed the powder upon her nose and cheeks as she looked at herself closely in the little distorted mirror which hung on the wall above the basin. Her eyes were bright and wide awake and her face glowed. When she had completed her toilet she walked into the adjoining room. She was very hungry. No one was there. But there was a cloth spread upon the table that stood against the wall, and a cover was laid for one, with a crusty brown loaf and a bottle of wine beside the plate. Edna bit a piece from the brown loaf,

Thesaurus arose: (v) happen, occur. drawl: (adv) creep, loiter, linger, partially, poorly, inadequately, awoke: (adj) awakened. saunter; (adj) dawdle, slouch, hang sketchily, incorrectly, halfway. cluck: (v) cackle, clack, click, chuckle, back, droil; (v) mouth, pronounce, ANTONYMS: (adv) perfectly, enounce. ANTONYMS: (v) contract, utter, emit, chuck, fuss, blab, clatter; flawlessly, correctly, well. (n, v) cry. lulling: (adj) drowsy, assuasive, shorten, abridge. crusty: (adj) brusque, crotchety, drowsily: (adv) sleepily, lethargically, dreamy, dull, lethargic, quietening, unalarming, dozy; (n) appeasement. crabbed, crusted, curt, gruff, somnolently, lazily, dozily, cantankerous, cross, churlish, abrupt, indolently, sluggishly, soporifically, slanting: (adj) oblique, sloping, rough. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, slowly, dreamily, languorously. diagonal, askew, slanted, aslant, ANTONYM: (adv) vigorously. aslope, awry, leaning, sloped; (adj, pleasant, bendable, cheerful, imperfectly: (adv) faultily, defectively, adv) sideways. ANTONYMS: (adj) easygoing, elastic, flexible, happy, pliable, pliant, friendly. badly, deficiently, incompletely, upright, direct.

64

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

tearing it with her strong, white teeth. She poured some of the wine into the glass and drank it down. Then she went softly out of doors, and plucking an orange from the low-hanging bough of a tree, threw it at Robert, who did not know she was awake and up.% An illumination broke over his whole face when he saw her and joined her under the orange tree. "How many years have I slept?" she inquired. "The whole island seems changed. A new race of beings must have sprung up, leaving only you and me as past relics. How many ages ago did Madame Antoine and Tonie die? and when did our people from Grand Isle disappear from the earth?" He familiarly adjusted a ruffle upon her shoulder. "You have slept precisely one hundred years. I was left here to guard your slumbers; and for one hundred years I have been out under the shed reading a book. The only evil I couldn't prevent was to keep a broiled fowl from drying up." "If it has turned to stone, still will I eat it," said Edna, moving with him into the house. "But really, what has become of Monsieur Farival and the others?" "Gone hours ago. When they found that you were sleeping they thought it best not to awake you. Any way, I wouldn't have let them. What was I here for?" "I wonder if Leonce will be uneasy!" she speculated, as she seated herself at table. "Of course not; he knows you are with me," Robert replied, as he busied himself among sundry pans and covered dishes which had been left standing on the hearth. "Where are Madame Antoine and her son?" asked Edna. "Gone to Vespers, and to visit some friends, I believe. I am to take you back in Tonie's boat whenever you are ready to go." He stirred the smoldering ashes till the broiled fowl began to sizzle afresh.

Thesaurus afresh: (adv) again, newly, over again, new, once again, freshly, once more, often; (adj) the other day, just now, only yesterday. began: (v) Gan. bough: (n) arm, limb, bow, member, tigella, ramage, offshoot, ramification, spray, sprig, stem. broiled: (adj) heated, baked, barbecued, done. familiarly: (adv) intimately, usually, ordinarily, nearly, frequently,

sizzle: (v) fry, fizz, fizzle, sear, commonly, regularly, informally, closely, acquaintedly, conventionally. sizzling, swish, crackle, sputter, libel, ANTONYM: (adv) distantly. cook, make noise. fowl: (n) poultry, bird, domestic fowl, smoldering: (adj) latent, unexerted, chick, cochin, birds, partlet, poult, smouldering, on fire, ablaze, aflame, angry, blazing, burning, flaming; (v) hen, fowls, rooster. plucking: (n) harvesting, rip out. smolder. poured: (adj) concrete. sundry: (adj) several, different, ruffle: (n, v) crinkle, ruff, crumple, diverse, assorted, miscellaneous, wrinkle, fold; (v) agitate, discompose, many, varied, mixed, divers, various; fret; (adj, n) perturbation; (n) flounce, (n) sundries. ANTONYMS: (adj) frill. ANTONYMS: (v) smooth, calm. uniform, homogeneous.

Kate Chopin

65

He served her with no mean repast, dripping the coffee anew and sharing it with her. Madame Antoine had cooked little else than the mullets, but while Edna slept Robert had foraged the island. He was childishly gratified to discover her appetite, and to see the relish with which she ate the food which he had procured for her.% "Shall we go right away?" she asked, after draining her glass and brushing together the crumbs of the crusty loaf. "The sun isn't as low as it will be in two hours," he answered. "The sun will be gone in two hours." "Well, let it go; who cares!" They waited a good while under the orange trees, till Madame Antoine came back, panting, waddling, with a thousand apologies to explain her absence. Tonie did not dare to return. He was shy, and would not willingly face any woman except his mother. It was very pleasant to stay there under the orange trees, while the sun dipped lower and lower, turning the western sky to flaming copper and gold. The shadows lengthened and crept out like stealthy, grotesque monsters across the grass. Edna and Robert both sat upon the ground--that is, he lay upon the ground beside her, occasionally picking at the hem of her muslin gown. Madame Antoine seated her fat body, broad and squat, upon a bench beside the door. She had been talking all the afternoon, and had wound herself up to the storytelling pitch. And what stories she told them! But twice in her life she had left the Cheniere Caminada, and then for the briefest span. All her years she had squatted and waddled there upon the island, gathering legends of the Baratarians and the sea. The night came on, with the moon to lighten it. Edna could hear the whispering voices of dead men and the click of muffled gold. When she and Robert stepped into Tonie's boat, with the red lateen sail,

Thesaurus anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, lengthened: (adj) elongated, recently, over again, once more, once prolonged, long, protracted, again, new; (adj) only yesterday, the expanded, elongate, longer, other day, just now. lingering, extensive, stretched out, childishly: (adv) foolishly, babyishly, lengthy. lighten: (v) assuage, alleviate, light, silly, infantilely, stupidly, immaturely, simplely, juvenilely, illuminate, brighten, lessen, allay, absurdly, ridiculously, frivolously. clear, mitigate, relieve, illumine. gratified: (adj) glad, satisfied, pleased, ANTONYMS: (v) darken, intensify, delighted, happy, thankful, grateful, increase, dye, depress, aggravate, content, complacent, comfortable, exacerbate. panting: (adj) gasping, breathless, cheerful.

blown, winded, puffed; (v) palpitation; (n) heaving, gasp, asthma, heave, puff. repast: (n) feast, food, banquet, dinner, lunch, refection, collation, luncheon, spread, potluck, eating. stealthy: (adj) clandestine, secret, surreptitious, sneaky, covert, private, backstairs, concealed, feline; (adj, v) sly, insidious. ANTONYM: (adj) blatant. storytelling: (n) fiction.

66

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

misty spirit forms were prowling in the shadows and among the reeds, and upon the water were phantom ships, speeding to cover.%

Thesaurus among: (prep) between, amidst, mid, in, amongst, in the middle of, inter, in the midst of, with, within, middle. ANTONYM: (prep) outside. misty: (adj) hazy, foggy, cloudy, brumous, dim, indistinct, nebulous, fuzzy, dark, dull, blurred. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct. phantom: (n, v) apparition, phantasm, vision, phantasma; (n) spectre, specter, appearance, shade, shadow, wraith, spirit.

reeds: (n) Poaceae, grass family, spirit: (n, v) courage, mind; (n) mood, Graminaceae, family Gramineae, ghost, apparition, disposition, energy, essence, soul, phantom; (adj, family Graminaceae, bamboo, n) animation. ANTONYMS: (n) Gramineae. shadows: (n) dark, darkness, night, lethargy, body, cowardice, surface, dimness, dusk, fogginess, mistiness, sluggishness, lifelessness, defeatism. gloom, cloudiness. ANTONYM: (n) upon: (adv, prep) above; (prep) up, onto, against, towards; (adv) on, on brightness. speeding: (n) acceleration, quickening, that occasion, then, before, by; (n) at. hurrying, fastness, f number, scudding, focal ratio, amphetamine; (adj) active, hastening; (adv) faster.

Kate Chopin

67

XIV

The youngest boy, Etienne, had been very naughty, Madame Ratignolle said, as she delivered him into the hands of his mother. He had been unwilling to go to bed and had made a scene; whereupon she had taken charge of him and pacified him as well as she could. Raoul had been in bed and asleep for two hours.% The youngster was in his long white nightgown, that kept tripping him up as Madame Ratignolle led him along by the hand. With the other chubby fist he rubbed his eyes, which were heavy with sleep and ill humor. Edna took him in her arms, and seating herself in the rocker, began to coddle and caress him, calling him all manner of tender names, soothing him to sleep. It was not more than nine o'clock. No one had yet gone to bed but the children. Leonce had been very uneasy at first, Madame Ratignolle said, and had wanted to start at once for the Cheniere. But Monsieur Farival had assured him that his wife was only overcome with sleep and fatigue, that Tonie would bring her safely back later in the day; and he had thus been dissuaded from crossing the bay. He had gone over to Klein's, looking up some cotton broker whom he wished to see in regard to securities, exchanges, stocks, bonds, or something of the sort, Madame Ratignolle did not remember what. He said he would not

Thesaurus caress: (v) stroke, fondle, tickle, pat, pet, kiss, nuzzle, cuddle, coddle; (n, v) touch; (n) endearment. ANTONYM: (n) hit. chubby: (adj) fat, plump, fleshy, round, pudgy, stout, chunky, heavy, tubby, overweight, ample. ANTONYMS: (adj) skinny, slim, bony, anorexic, slender. coddle: (v) baby, cosset, indulge, pamper, spoil, cocker, mollycoddle, coax, cherish, pet; (n, v) caress.

ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, deny. alleviation. ANTONYMS: (adj) nightgown: (n) nightie, nightclothes, upsetting, disturbing, hostile, scary, nightwear, pajamas, bedgown, worrying, stimulating, exasperating, nightshirt, night clothes, night robe, annoying, invigorating, painful, lingerie. intimidating. pacified: (adj) appeased. tripping: (adj) easy, flowing, rubbed: (adj) polished, refined, terse, lightsome, readable, swinging, attrite, marked, accomplished, swingy, nimble, lilting, light, fluent; (v) failing. fretten. soothing: (adj) calming, soft, smooth, whereupon: (adv) thereupon, pacifying, quiet, restful, bland, calm, hereupon, upon which, at what, at assuasive; (adj, n) softening; (n) which.

68

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

remain away late. She herself was suffering from heat and oppression, she said. She carried a bottle of salts and a large fan. She would not consent to remain with Edna, for Monsieur Ratignolle was alone, and he detested above all things to be left alone.% When Etienne had fallen asleep Edna bore him into the back room, and Robert went and lifted the mosquito bar that she might lay the child comfortably in his bed. The quadroon had vanished. When they emerged from the cottage Robert bade Edna good-night. "Do you know we have been together the whole livelong day, Robert--since early this morning?" she said at parting. "All but the hundred years when you were sleeping. Goodnight." He pressed her hand and went away in the direction of the beach. He did not join any of the others, but walked alone toward the Gulf. Edna stayed outside, awaiting her husband's return. She had no desire to sleep or to retire; nor did she feel like going over to sit with the Ratignolles, or to join Madame Lebrun and a group whose animated voices reached her as they sat in conversation before the house. She let her mind wander back over her stay at Grand Isle; and she tried to discover wherein this summer had been different from any and every other summer of her life. She could only realize that she herself--her present self--was in some way different from the other self. That she was seeing with different eyes and making the acquaintance of new conditions in herself that colored and changed her environment, she did not yet suspect. She wondered why Robert had gone away and left her. It did not occur to her to think he might have grown tired of being with her the livelong day. She was not tired, and she felt that he was not. She regretted that he had gone. It was so much more natural to have him stay when he was not absolutely required to leave her. As Edna waited for her husband she sang low a little song that Robert had sung as they crossed the bay. It began with "Ah! Si tu savais," and every verse ended with "si tu savais."

Thesaurus animated: (adj) alive, lively, animate, perky, spirited, sprightly, brisk, cheerful, quick, vivacious, airy. ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, dull, blank, lifeless, spiritless, stiff, unanimated, bored, impassive, unexciting, dead. awaiting: (adj) looming, imminent, in the near future, pending, expectant. bade: (v) bid, command, bad. detested: (adj) despised, unpopular, disliked, loathed, not accepted,

(adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n) unloved, scorned, reviled, out of favor, not liked. joining, meeting, connection, livelong: (n) Sedum telephium, Reunion. sedum, orpin, orpine; (adj) durable, sung: (v) sing; (n) call, sung dynasty, lasting. strain, song dynasty, song, birdsong, mosquito: (n) fly, crocodile, alacran, birdcall; (adj) spoken, outspoken, alligator, mosquitoes, midge, choral. wander: (n, v) stroll, saunter, tramp, octopus, mugger, dipterous insect, drift; (v) stray, digress, err, travel, dipteron, dipteran. parting: (n) adieu, division, leave, roam, deviate; (adj, v) rave. ANTONYMS: (v) settle, stay, think, departure, disunion, goodbye, leaving, segregation, dying, rupture; converge.

Kate Chopin

69

Robert's %voice was not pretentious. It was musical and true. The voice, the notes, the whole refrain haunted her memory.

Thesaurus haunted: (adj) ghostly, ghostlike, ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, musical comedy, music. ANTONYMS: (adj) unmusical, phantom, taken up, preoccupied, unostentatious, unpretentious, possessed, unearthly, magical, mad, grating, harsh, inharmonious, humble, ordinary, unaffected, infatuated, concerned. unmelodious. straightforward, restrained. memory: (n) memento, reminiscence, notes: (n) data, commentary, currency, refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid, leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj, remembrance, recollection, recall, paper, comments, remarks, v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold. commemoration, anamnesis, storage, annotation, information, ready retrospect; (adj, n) posthumous fame; money, observations, newspaper. ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act, (v) mind. pretentious: (adj) showy, pompous, consume, persist. musical: (adj) harmonious, melodic, affected, presumptuous, arrogant, snobbish, grandiose, ambitious; (adj, sweet, canorous, tuneful, dulcet, mellifluous, pleasing, lyrical; (n) v) boastful, stilted, conceited.

Kate Chopin

71

XV

When Edna entered the dining-room one evening a little late, as was her habit, an unusually animated conversation seemed to be going on. Several persons were talking at once, and Victor's voice was predominating, even over that of his mother. Edna had returned late from her bath, had dressed in some haste, and her face was flushed. Her head, set off by her dainty white gown, suggested a rich, rare blossom. She took her seat at table between old Monsieur Farival and Madame Ratignolle.% As she seated herself and was about to begin to eat her soup, which had been served when she entered the room, several persons informed her simultaneously that Robert was going to Mexico. She laid her spoon down and looked about her bewildered. He had been with her, reading to her all the morning, and had never even mentioned such a place as Mexico. She had not seen him during the afternoon; she had heard some one say he was at the house, upstairs with his mother. This she had thought nothing of, though she was surprised when he did not join her later in the afternoon, when she went down to the beach. She looked across at him, where he sat beside Madame Lebrun, who presided. Edna's face was a blank picture of bewilderment, which she never thought of disguising. He lifted his eyebrows with the pretext of a smile as he returned her glance. He looked embarrassed and uneasy. "When is he going?"

Thesaurus bewildered: (adj) bemused, confused, confounded, perplexed, befuddled, puzzled, dumbfounded, taken aback, addled, disoriented; (adj, v) lost. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressed, clear, oriented, precise, understanding, alert. bewilderment: (n) astonishment, quandary, confusion, surprise, wonder, bemusement, maze, chaos, jumble, mess; (adj, n) perplexity. ANTONYMS: (n) order, clarity.

blossom: (adj, n, v) flower, blow; (n, v) bud; (n) blooming, heyday, efflorescence; (v) prosper, flourish, thrive, progress, unfold. ANTONYMS: (v) wither, deteriorate, struggle, shrivel, shrink, fade, die; (n) withering. dining-room: (n) canteen, restaurant. disguising: (n) cover-up. gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock, vestment, wrapper, overclothes, outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes; (v)

clothe. haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, rush; (n) celerity, expedition, rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay, patience, forethought, caution. lifted: (adj) raised, elevated, lift, lofty, upraised, steep. spoon: (n) spoonful, ladle, shovel, soup spoon, tablespoon, trowel, teaspoon, dipper; (v) smooch, dally, bill and coo.

72

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

she asked of everybody in general, as if Robert were not there to answer for himself.% "To-night!" "This very evening!" "Did you ever!" "What possesses him!" were some of the replies she gathered, uttered simultaneously in French and English. "Impossible!" she exclaimed. "How can a person start off from Grand Isle to Mexico at a moment's notice, as if he were going over to Klein's or to the wharf or down to the beach?" "I said all along I was going to Mexico; I've been saying so for years!" cried Robert, in an excited and irritable tone, with the air of a man defending himself against a swarm of stinging insects. Madame Lebrun knocked on the table with her knife handle. "Please let Robert explain why he is going, and why he is going to-night," she called out. "Really, this table is getting to be more and more like Bedlam every day, with everybody talking at once. Sometimes--I hope God will forgive me-but positively, sometimes I wish Victor would lose the power of speech." Victor laughed sardonically as he thanked his mother for her holy wish, of which he failed to see the benefit to anybody, except that it might afford her a more ample opportunity and license to talk herself. Monsieur Farival thought that Victor should have been taken out in midocean in his earliest youth and drowned. Victor thought there would be more logic in thus disposing of old people with an established claim for making themselves universally obnoxious. Madame Lebrun grew a trifle hysterical; Robert called his brother some sharp, hard names. "There's nothing much to explain, mother," he said; though he explained, nevertheless--looking chiefly at Edna--that he could only meet the gentleman whom he intended to join at Vera Cruz by taking such and such a steamer, which left New Orleans on such a day; that Beaudelet was going out with his lugger-load of vegetables that night, which gave him an opportunity of reaching the city and making his vessel in time. "But when did you make up your mind to all this?" demanded Monsieur

Thesaurus disposing: (adv) disposingly; (v) dispose; (adj) decretive, dispositive; (n) distribution. drowned: (adj) prostrate, sunken; (v) drenched, drent. grew: (v) become, develop; (adj) grown. license: (n, v) permit, allow, licence; (n) allowance, freedom, permission, liberty, authority, authorization, certificate; (v) certify. ANTONYMS: (v) decertify; (n) restriction.

obnoxious: (adj) disagreeable, prickling; (adj, v) caustic, acrid, offensive, detestable, distasteful, piercing, poignant, biting, pungent, hateful, horrid, repellent, disgusting, keen. ANTONYMS: (adj) stingless, invidious; (adj, n) unpleasant; (adj, v) gentle. liable. ANTONYMS: (adj) charming, swarm: (n) host, horde, multitude, nice, pleasing, delightful, inoffensive, drove, throng, cloud, assembly; (n, v) mob; (v) teem, pour; (adj) shoal. cordial. steamer: (n) steamship, boat, liner, ANTONYMS: (v) retreat; (n) few. trifle: (n, v) play; (adj, n, v) trinket; (v) ship, Mya Arenaria, steam engine, dally, fiddle, flirt, fool, frivol; (n) sports car, roadster, clam, paddle nothing, triviality, detail; (adj, n) steamer, cruise ship. stinging: (adj) cutting, bitter, piquant, bagatelle.

Kate Chopin

73

Farival.% "This afternoon," returned Robert, with a shade of annoyance. "At what time this afternoon?" persisted the old gentleman, with nagging determination, as if he were cross-questioning a criminal in a court of justice. "At four o'clock this afternoon, Monsieur Farival," Robert replied, in a high voice and with a lofty air, which reminded Edna of some gentleman on the stage. She had forced herself to eat most of her soup, and now she was picking the flaky bits of a court bouillon with her fork. The lovers were profiting by the general conversation on Mexico to speak in whispers of matters which they rightly considered were interesting to no one but themselves. The lady in black had once received a pair of prayer-beads of curious workmanship from Mexico, with very special indulgence attached to them, but she had never been able to ascertain whether the indulgence extended outside the Mexican border. Father Fochel of the Cathedral had attempted to explain it; but he had not done so to her satisfaction. And she begged that Robert would interest himself, and discover, if possible, whether she was entitled to the indulgence accompanying the remarkably curious Mexican prayer-beads. Madame Ratignolle hoped that Robert would exercise extreme caution in dealing with the Mexicans, who, she considered, were a treacherous people, unscrupulous and revengeful. She trusted she did them no injustice in thus condemning them as a race. She had known personally but one Mexican, who made and sold excellent tamales, and whom she would have trusted implicitly, so softspoken was he. One day he was arrested for stabbing his wife. She never knew whether he had been hanged or not. Victor had grown hilarious, and was attempting to tell an anecdote about a Mexican girl who served chocolate one winter in a restaurant in Dauphine Street. No one would listen to him but old Monsieur Farival, who went into convulsions over the droll story. Edna wondered if they had all gone mad, to be talking and clamoring at that

Thesaurus anecdote: (n) tale, account, yarn, narrative, story, fable, relation, ana, fiction, trait, gossip. convulsions: (n) convulsion, spasm, epilepsy, eclampsia, mirth. hilarious: (adj) gay, convivial, humorous, funny, happy, jovial, blithe, merry, jaunty, festive, laughable. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, tragic. nagging: (adj) critical, troublesome, niggling, captious, vexatious,

unscrupulous: (adj) dishonest, bothersome, demanding, moaning, uneasy; (n) torment. unprincipled, unethical, immoral, revengeful: (adj) vengeful, vindictive, dishonorable, crooked, unfair, punitive, unforgiving, vindicative, unconscionable, sharp, resentful, despiteful, spiteful, unconscientious, sly. ANTONYMS: (adj) scrupulous, principled, ethical, implacable, rancorous, vengeable. ANTONYM: (adj) charitable. honest, moral. stabbing: (adj) piercing, acute, workmanship: (n) craft, handicraft, incisive, cutting, keen, penetrating, craftsmanship, skill, accomplishment, poignant, trenchant, knifelike, performance, acquirement, excruciating; (adj, n) shooting. priestcraft, trade, artistry; (v) ANTONYM: (adj) dull. handiwork.

74

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

rate. She herself could think of nothing to say about Mexico or the Mexicans.% "At what time do you leave?" she asked Robert. "At ten," he told her. "Beaudelet wants to wait for the moon." "Are you all ready to go?" "Quite ready. I shall only take a hand-bag, and shall pack my trunk in the city." He turned to answer some question put to him by his mother, and Edna, having finished her black coffee, left the table. She went directly to her room. The little cottage was close and stuffy after leaving the outer air. But she did not mind; there appeared to be a hundred different things demanding her attention indoors. She began to set the toiletstand to rights, grumbling at the negligence of the quadroon, who was in the adjoining room putting the children to bed. She gathered together stray garments that were hanging on the backs of chairs, and put each where it belonged in closet or bureau drawer. She changed her gown for a more comfortable and commodious wrapper. She rearranged her hair, combing and brushing it with unusual energy. Then she went in and assisted the quadroon in getting the boys to bed. They were very playful and inclined to talk--to do anything but lie quiet and go to sleep. Edna sent the quadroon away to her supper and told her she need not return. Then she sat and told the children a story. Instead of soothing it excited them, and added to their wakefulness. She left them in heated argument, speculating about the conclusion of the tale which their mother promised to finish the following night. The little black girl came in to say that Madame Lebrun would like to have Mrs. Pontellier go and sit with them over at the house till Mr. Robert went away. Edna returned answer that she had already undressed, that she did not feel quite well, but perhaps she would go over to the house later. She started to dress again, and got as far advanced as to remove her peignoir. But changing her mind once more she resumed the peignoir, and went outside and sat down

Thesaurus combing: (n) hairdressing, search, grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, grumpy, combing waste, cockscomb. irritable. commodious: (adj) capacious, wide, playful: (adj) frisky, humorous, roomy, spacious, comfortable, kittenish, mischievous, skittish, voluminous, extensive, useful, large; impish, naughty, merry, lighthearted, (adj, v) convenient, easy. frivolous, frolicsome. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) small, (adj) serious, lethargic, solemn, staid, uncomfortable, tight, incommodious, subdued, heavy. speculating: (n) conception. confined, squeezed. grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, stuffy: (adj) close, musty, stodgy, murmur, murmuring, mutter, airless, stale, sultry, stifling, muggy, muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) sweltering, ponderous, vapid.

ANTONYMS: (adj) airy, relaxed, clear, fresh, modern, lively. wakefulness: (n) insomnia, arousal, vigilance, guard, temporary state, alertness, consciousness, circumspection, caution; (v) vigil; (n, v) watch. ANTONYMS: (n) inattentiveness, unconsciousness. wrapper: (n) cover, wrap, cloak, peignoir, housecoat, neglige, envelope, wrapping, covering, dust cover, mantle.

Kate Chopin

75

before her door. She was overheated and irritable, and fanned herself energetically for a while. Madame Ratignolle came down to discover what was the matter.% "All that noise and confusion at the table must have upset me," replied Edna, "and moreover, I hate shocks and surprises. The idea of Robert starting off in such a ridiculously sudden and dramatic way! As if it were a matter of life and death! Never saying a word about it all morning when he was with me." "Yes," agreed Madame Ratignolle. "I think it was showing us all--you especially--very little consideration. It wouldn't have surprised me in any of the others; those Lebruns are all given to heroics. But I must say I should never have expected such a thing from Robert. Are you not coming down? Come on, dear; it doesn't look friendly." "No," said Edna, a little sullenly. "I can't go to the trouble of dressing again; I don't feel like it." "You needn't dress; you look all right; fasten a belt around your waist. Just look at me!" "No," persisted Edna; "but you go on. Madame Lebrun might be offended if we both stayed away." Madame Ratignolle kissed Edna good-night, and went away, being in truth rather desirous of joining in the general and animated conversation which was still in progress concerning Mexico and the Mexicans. Somewhat later Robert came up, carrying his hand-bag. "Aren't you feeling well?" he asked. "Oh, well enough. Are you going right away?" He lit a match and looked at his watch. "In twenty minutes," he said. The sudden and brief flare of the match emphasized the darkness for a while. He sat down upon a stool which the children had left out on the porch. "Get a chair," said Edna. "This will do," he replied. He put on his soft hat and nervously took it off

Thesaurus desirous: (adj) wistful, avid, ambitious, greedy, longing, eager, hungry, covetous, envious, agog; (adj, v) willing. ANTONYMS: (adj) undesirous, reluctant, undesiring, unconcerned. energetically: (adv) vigorously, strongly, actively, briskly, lustily, forcefully, lively, forcibly, powerfully, spiritedly, strenuously. ANTONYMS: (adv) idly, quietly, lifelessly, resignedly, indifferently,

feebly, wearily, languorously, lazily, rodomontade, vaporing, venditation, tall talk, magniloquence; (n) rescue, sluggishly, passively. fasten: (adj, v) attach, fix, affix; (v) height, altitude, haughty airs. porch: (n) lobby, hall, vestibule, connect, bind, tie, tack, pin, stick, clasp, anchor. ANTONYMS: (v) veranda, door, entrance, deck, detach, undo, unlock, loosen, release, gallery, portico, balcony, inlet. sullenly: (adv) sulkily, sourly, open, disconnect, untie, separate, unscrew. grumpily, morosely, moodily, flare: (n, v) blaze, flame, burst, glare; dourly, somberly, peevishly, surly, (v) burn, glint, blaze up, burn up; (n) crossly, petulantly. ANTONYMS: fire; (adj) detonate, explode. (adv) graciously, contentedly, gladly, heroics: (v) fine talking, bombast, cheerily.

76

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

again, and wiping his face with his handkerchief, complained of the heat.% "Take the fan," said Edna, offering it to him. "Oh, no! Thank you. It does no good; you have to stop fanning some time, and feel all the more uncomfortable afterward." "That's one of the ridiculous things which men always say. I have never known one to speak otherwise of fanning. How long will you be gone?" "Forever, perhaps. I don't know. It depends upon a good many things." "Well, in case it shouldn't be forever, how long will it be?" "I don't know." "This seems to me perfectly preposterous and uncalled for. I don't like it. I don't understand your motive for silence and mystery, never saying a word to me about it this morning." He remained silent, not offering to defend himself. He only said, after a moment: "Don't part from me in any ill humor. I never knew you to be out of patience with me before." "I don't want to part in any ill humor," she said. "But can't you understand? I've grown used to seeing you, to having you with me all the time, and your action seems unfriendly, even unkind. You don't even offer an excuse for it. Why, I was planning to be together, thinking of how pleasant it would be to see you in the city next winter." "So was I," he blurted. "Perhaps that's the--" He stood up suddenly and held out his hand. "Good-by, my dear Mrs. Pontellier; good-by. You won't--I hope you won't completely forget me." She clung to his hand, striving to detain him. "Write to me when you get there, won't you, Robert?" she entreated. "I will, thank you. Good-by." How unlike Robert! The merest acquaintance would have said something more emphatic than "I will, thank you; good-by," to such a request. He had evidently already taken leave of the people over at the house, for he descended the steps and went to join Beaudelet, who was out there with an oar

Thesaurus emphatic: (adj) decided, categorical, expressive, forceful, pronounced, assertive, loud, important, emphatical, insistent; (adj, v) absolute. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, unassertive, understated, unemphatic, halfhearted. fanning: (n) ventilation. preposterous: (adj) absurd, irrational, ludicrous, nonsensical, foolish, ridiculous, laughable, derisory,

monstrous, inconsistent; (adj, v) v) unfavorable; (adv) hostilely. extravagant. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, sensible, reasonable, impressive, welcoming, warm, amiable, plausible. approachable, sociable, hospitable, striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor, kindly, nice, outgoing, pleasant. unkind: (adj) cruel, harsh, unfeeling, strife, try, strain, attempt, strive, ambition, struggle, exertion. inconsiderate, pitiless, heartless, ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated. inhuman, hard, thoughtless, brutal, uncalled: (adj) spontaneous. mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, unfriendly: (adj) inimical, distant, considerate, pleasant, friendly, adverse, antagonistic, unkind, cold, thoughtful, tactful, mild, gentle, inhospitable, icy; (adj, adv) chilly; (adj, generous, flattering, compassionate.

Kate Chopin

77

across his shoulder waiting for Robert. They walked away in the darkness. She could only hear Beaudelet's voice; Robert had apparently not even spoken a word of greeting to his companion.% Edna bit her handkerchief convulsively, striving to hold back and to hide, even from herself as she would have hidden from another, the emotion which was troubling--tearing--her. Her eyes were brimming with tears. For the first time she recognized the symptoms of infatuation which she had felt incipiently as a child, as a girl in her earliest teens, and later as a young woman. The recognition did not lessen the reality, the poignancy of the revelation by any suggestion or promise of instability. The past was nothing to her; offered no lesson which she was willing to heed. The future was a mystery which she never attempted to penetrate. The present alone was significant; was hers, to torture her as it was doing then with the biting conviction that she had lost that which she had held, that she had been denied that which her impassioned, newly awakened being demanded.

Thesaurus awakened: (adj) excited, aroused, awakens, awoke, interested. brimming: (adj) teeming, brimful, brimful of, full, brimfull, brimfull of, replete, overflowing, chock-full, spilling over, packed. ANTONYMS: (adj) empty, unfilled. greeting: (n) welcome, salutation, address, greet, compliments, acknowledgment, accost, hello, hullo, nod; (v) salute. ANTONYM: (n) goodbye.

hers: (pron) she, his; (adj) own. contract. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, impassioned: (adj) fervent, fanatical, exacerbate, intensify, raise, grow, fiery, burning, passionate, hot, torrid, aggravate, accelerate, bolster, vehement, keen, zealous; (adj, v) worsen, strengthen, rise. enthusiastic. ANTONYMS: (adj) poignancy: (n) pathos, acuity, impassive, indifferent, calm. acerbity, poignance, mordacity, incipiently: (adv) introductorily, acuteness, acrimony, sorrow, inchoately, initiatively, nascently, sorrowfulness, quality, keenness. teens: (n) minority, tender age, inceptively, originally. lessen: (v) decrease, abate, fall, teenage years, childhood, large decline, dwindle, assuage, allay, integer, puberty, youth, boyhood, alleviate; (adj, v) abridge, curtail, adolescence, bloom.

Kate Chopin

79

XVI

"Do you miss your friend greatly?" asked Mademoiselle Reisz one morning as she came creeping up behind Edna, who had just left her cottage on her way to the beach. She spent much of her time in the water since she had acquired finally the art of swimming. As their stay at Grand Isle drew near its close, she felt that she could not give too much time to a diversion which afforded her the only real pleasurable moments that she knew. When Mademoiselle Reisz came and touched her upon the shoulder and spoke to her, the woman seemed to echo the thought which was ever in Edna's mind; or, better, the feeling which constantly possessed her.% Robert's going had some way taken the brightness, the color, the meaning out of everything. The conditions of her life were in no way changed, but her whole existence was dulled, like a faded garment which seems to be no longer worth wearing. She sought him everywhere--in others whom she induced to talk about him. She went up in the mornings to Madame Lebrun's room, braving the clatter of the old sewing-machine. She sat there and chatted at intervals as Robert had done. She gazed around the room at the pictures and photographs hanging upon the wall, and discovered in some corner an old family album, which she examined with the keenest interest, appealing to Madame Lebrun for enlightenment concerning the many figures and faces which she discovered between its pages.

Thesaurus braving: (n) try, effort, endeavour, spreading; (v) lentor; (adj) reptile, instruction, wisdom, illumination, facing, attempt, confronting, coping slow, reptant, reptatory, serpiginous, notice, Age of Reason; (n, v) with, grappling, face, tackling. moving. knowledge. brightness: (n) luminance, light, shine, diversion: (n) amusement, garment: (n, v) garb, apparel; (n) clarity, lustre, glow, glare, glitter, entertainment, pastime, deviation, habiliment, habit, gown, vest, things, luminosity; (n, v) illumination, gloss. distraction, detour, fun, sport, guise; (v) clothe, tog, raiment. ANTONYMS: (n) cloudiness, pleasurable: (adj, v) pleasant; (adj) recreation, digression, deflexion. dulled: (adj) dull, blunted, benumbed, enjoyable, delectable, delightful, murkiness, dimness, darkness, mistiness, softness, sadness, duller, blunt, uninterested, rounded, entertaining, nice, gratifying, merry, bleakness, dirtiness, pessimism; (adv) jaded, grayed, colorless, deadened. agreeable, lovely, joyful. enlightenment: (n) light, information, ANTONYMS: (adj) boring, seriously. creeping: (n) creep, crawl, locomotion, education, culture, civilization, disagreeable, dull, miserable.

80

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

There was a picture of Madame Lebrun with Robert as a baby, seated in her lap, a round-faced infant with a fist in his mouth. The eyes alone in the baby suggested the man. And that was he also in kilts, at the age of five, wearing long curls and holding a whip in his hand. It made Edna laugh, and she laughed, too, at the portrait in his first long trousers; while another interested her, taken when he left for college, looking thin, long-faced, with eyes full of fire, ambition and great intentions. But there was no recent picture, none which suggested the Robert who had gone away five days ago, leaving a void and wilderness behind him.% "Oh, Robert stopped having his pictures taken when he had to pay for them himself! He found wiser use for his money, he says," explained Madame Lebrun. She had a letter from him, written before he left New Orleans. Edna wished to see the letter, and Madame Lebrun told her to look for it either on the table or the dresser, or perhaps it was on the mantelpiece. The letter was on the bookshelf. It possessed the greatest interest and attraction for Edna; the envelope, its size and shape, the post-mark, the handwriting. She examined every detail of the outside before opening it. There were only a few lines, setting forth that he would leave the city that afternoon, that he had packed his trunk in good shape, that he was well, and sent her his love and begged to be affectionately remembered to all. There was no special message to Edna except a postscript saying that if Mrs. Pontellier desired to finish the book which he had been reading to her, his mother would find it in his room, among other books there on the table. Edna experienced a pang of jealousy because he had written to his mother rather than to her. Every one seemed to take for granted that she missed him. Even her husband, when he came down the Saturday following Robert's departure, expressed regret that he had gone. "How do you get on without him, Edna?" he asked. "It's very dull without him," she admitted. Mr. Pontellier had seen Robert in the city, and Edna asked him a dozen questions or more. Where had they met? On Carondelet Street, in the morning. They had gone "in" and had a drink and a

Thesaurus affectionately: (adv) lovingly, postscript: (n) appendix, addendum, fist, script, penmanship, longhand, tenderly, warmly, dearly, caringly, chirography, cursive, cacography, supplement, addition, continuation, devotedly, kindly, ardently, book, ability. epilogue, codicil, PS, annotation, long-faced: (adj) grave, serious, cordially, amorously, dotingly. footnote, late addition. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly, (n) introduction, preface. woebegone, unhappy. mantelpiece: (n) chimneypiece, void: (adj, n) hollow, null, blank; (n) frostily, roughly. curls: (n) hair, tresses, ringlets. emptiness, vacancy; (adj, v) vacant; mantlepiece, shelf, chimneybreast, dresser: (n) cabinet, chest of drawers, (v) nullify, quash, rescind; (adj) blanket, cape, sill, clavy, curtain, invalid, vacuous. ANTONYMS: (v) bureau, commode, chest, sideboard, drape, drapery. pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony, chiffonier, toilet table, assistant, validate, sanction, permit, keep, dressing table, table. twinge, affliction, sting, stab, distress, allow; (adj) full, occupied, filled, handwriting: (n) calligraphy, writing, ailment, cramp. meaningful, solid; (n) fullness.

Kate Chopin

81

cigar together. What had they talked about? Chiefly about his prospects in Mexico, which Mr. Pontellier thought were promising. How did he look? How did he seem--grave, or gay, or how? Quite cheerful, and wholly taken up with the idea of his trip, which Mr. Pontellier found altogether natural in a young fellow about to seek fortune and adventure in a strange, queer country.% Edna tapped her foot impatiently, and wondered why the children persisted in playing in the sun when they might be under the trees. She went down and led them out of the sun, scolding the quadroon for not being more attentive. It did not strike her as in the least grotesque that she should be making of Robert the object of conversation and leading her husband to speak of him. The sentiment which she entertained for Robert in no way resembled that which she felt for her husband, or had ever felt, or ever expected to feel. She had all her life long been accustomed to harbor thoughts and emotions which never voiced themselves. They had never taken the form of struggles. They belonged to her and were her own, and she entertained the conviction that she had a right to them and that they concerned no one but herself. Edna had once told Madame Ratignolle that she would never sacrifice herself for her children, or for any one. Then had followed a rather heated argument; the two women did not appear to understand each other or to be talking the same language. Edna tried to appease her friend, to explain. "I would give up the unessential; I would give my money, I would give my life for my children; but I wouldn't give myself. I can't make it more clear; it's only something which I am beginning to comprehend, which is revealing itself to me." "I don't know what you would call the essential, or what you mean by the unessential," said Madame Ratignolle, cheerfully; "but a woman who would give her life for her children could do no more than that--your Bible tells you so. I'm sure I couldn't do more than that." "Oh, yes you could!" laughed Edna. She was not surprised at Mademoiselle Reisz's question the morning that

Thesaurus appease: (n, v) allay, alleviate; (adj, v) rude, unprepared, unconscious, pacify, still; (v) placate, quiet, uncaring, inconsiderate. harbor: (n) dock, asylum, wharf; (n, v) conciliate, calm, mollify, abate, reconcile. ANTONYMS: (v) provoke, cover, port, harbour, shelter; (v) annoy, antagonize, enrage, shield, contain, cherish, conceal. ANTONYM: (v) relieve. exacerbate, excite, irritate, intensify. attentive: (adj) assiduous, diligent, queer: (adj) fantastic, odd, eccentric, heedful, watchful, observant, funny, curious, gay, peculiar, strange, advertent, mindful, careful, aware, quaint, fishy, outlandish. alert, respectful. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) conventional, unfocused, negligent, neglectful, normal, well. scolding: (n) rebuke, lecture, forgetful, heedless, unobservant,

castigation, admonition, reproof, objurgation, chiding, dressing, jobation, scold, rating. ANTONYMS: (n) compliment, approval. trees: (n) foliage. unessential: (adj) unnecessary, dispensable, extrinsic, small, not required, needless, extraneous, extra, external, surplus to requirements; (adv) neither here nor there. ANTONYMS: (adj) indispensable, basic.

82

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

lady, following her to the beach, tapped her on the shoulder and asked if she did not greatly miss her young friend.% "Oh, good morning, Mademoiselle; is it you? Why, of course I miss Robert. Are you going down to bathe?" "Why should I go down to bathe at the very end of the season when I haven't been in the surf all summer," replied the woman, disagreeably. "I beg your pardon," offered Edna, in some embarrassment, for she should have remembered that Mademoiselle Reisz's avoidance of the water had furnished a theme for much pleasantry. Some among them thought it was on account of her false hair, or the dread of getting the violets wet, while others attributed it to the natural aversion for water sometimes believed to accompany the artistic temperament. Mademoiselle offered Edna some chocolates in a paper bag, which she took from her pocket, by way of showing that she bore no ill feeling. She habitually ate chocolates for their sustaining quality; they contained much nutriment in small compass, she said. They saved her from starvation, as Madame Lebrun's table was utterly impossible; and no one save so impertinent a woman as Madame Lebrun could think of offering such food to people and requiring them to pay for it. "She must feel very lonely without her son," said Edna, desiring to change the subject. "Her favorite son, too. It must have been quite hard to let him go." Mademoiselle laughed maliciously. "Her favorite son! Oh, dear! Who could have been imposing such a tale upon you? Aline Lebrun lives for Victor, and for Victor alone. She has spoiled him into the worthless creature he is. She worships him and the ground he walks on. Robert is very well in a way, to give up all the money he can earn to the family, and keep the barest pittance for himself. Favorite son, indeed! I miss the poor fellow myself, my dear. I liked to see him and to hear him about the place the only Lebrun who is worth a pinch of salt. He comes to see me often in the city. I like to play to him. That Victor! hanging would be too good for him. It's a wonder Robert hasn't beaten him to death long ago."

Thesaurus bathe: (adj, v) steep, lave, immerse, sweetly, warmly, attractively. benevolently, friendly, genially, soak; (v) take a bath, tub, clean, rinse, impertinent: (adj) fresh, pert, saucy, mercifully. bath; (n, v) swim; (n) bathing. nutriment: (n, v) nourishment; (n) forward, audacious, brash, brazen, ANTONYMS: (v) smudge, stain, soil, extraneous, discourteous, food, fare, diet, nutrient, nutrition, dip. disrespectful, flippant. ANTONYMS: alimentation, feed, nurture, meat, desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable, (adj) respectful, polite, courteous. meal. desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly. maliciously: (adv) malevolently, pittance: (n) mite, meed, alimony, disagreeably: (adv) nastily, malignly, viciously, nastily, chicken feed, a few, donation, a unappealingly, offensively, malignantly, rancorously, smidgen, a little bit, driblet, trifle, cheerlessly, badly, distastefully, venomously, vindictively, bitterly, payment. tapped: (adj) poor, powerless, helpless. objectionably, unsympathetically. meanly, virulently. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adv) agreeably, (adv) kindly, harmlessly, ANTONYM: (adj) untapped.

Kate Chopin

83

"I thought he had great patience with his brother," offered Edna, glad to be talking about Robert, no matter what was said.% "Oh! he thrashed him well enough a year or two ago," said Mademoiselle. "It was about a Spanish girl, whom Victor considered that he had some sort of claim upon. He met Robert one day talking to the girl, or walking with her, or bathing with her, or carrying her basket--I don't remember what;--and he became so insulting and abusive that Robert gave him a thrashing on the spot that has kept him comparatively in order for a good while. It's about time he was getting another." "Was her name Mariequita?" asked Edna. "Mariequita--yes, that was it; Mariequita. I had forgotten. Oh, she's a sly one, and a bad one, that Mariequita!" Edna looked down at Mademoiselle Reisz and wondered how she could have listened to her venom so long. For some reason she felt depressed, almost unhappy. She had not intended to go into the water; but she donned her bathing suit, and left Mademoiselle alone, seated under the shade of the children's tent. The water was growing cooler as the season advanced. Edna plunged and swam about with an abandon that thrilled and invigorated her. She remained a long time in the water, half hoping that Mademoiselle Reisz would not wait for her. But Mademoiselle waited. She was very amiable during the walk back, and raved much over Edna's appearance in her bathing suit. She talked about music. She hoped that Edna would go to see her in the city, and wrote her address with the stub of a pencil on a piece of card which she found in her pocket. "When do you leave?" asked Edna. "Next Monday; and you?" "The following week," answered Edna, adding, "It has been a pleasant summer, hasn't it, Mademoiselle?" "Well," agreed Mademoiselle Reisz, with a shrug, "rather pleasant, if it hadn't been for the mosquitoes and the Farival twins."

Thesaurus abusive: (adj) scurrilous, insulting, stub: (n) butt, end, counterfoil, ticket, insolent, injurious, offensive, offensive, foul, rude, insolent, scurrilous, defamatory, opprobrious, tail, remnant, base, roach, check stub; (v) abrade, scrape. opprobrious, slanderous, harsh, rude, disgraceful, disdainful, nasty; (adj, v) reproachful. impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) thrashing: (n) beating, lashing, ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, polite, courteous, conciliatory, polite, flogging, whipping, drubbing, kind, flattering, complimentary, just, generous, cordial. licking, flagellation, rout, tanning, sweet, gentle, courteous, cordial, fair. invigorated: (adj) brisk, reinvigorated, hiding, debacle. ANTONYMS: (n) cooler: (n) beverage, freezer, impudent, impertinent, energizing, victory, win. drinkable, potable, drink, air energising, clean, bracing, refreshed. venom: (n) poison, malice, bane, spite, pencil: (n) beam, Pleiades, gleam, conditioner, penitentiary, choky, rancor, malevolence, maliciousness, light, group, cluster; (v) brush, draw, malignity, hate, bitterness; (adj, n) prison, chokey, clink. insulting: (adj) contemptuous, gall. ANTONYM: (n) affection. design, paint, limn draw.

Kate Chopin

85

XVII

The Pontelliers possessed a very charming home on Esplanade Street in New Orleans. It was a large, double cottage, with a broad front veranda, whose round, fluted columns supported the sloping roof. The house was painted a dazzling white; the outside shutters, or jalousies, were green. In the yard, which was kept scrupulously neat, were flowers and plants of every description which flourishes in South Louisiana. Within doors the appointments were perfect after the conventional type. The softest carpets and rugs covered the floors; rich and tasteful draperies hung at doors and windows. There were paintings, selected with judgment and discrimination, upon the walls. The cut glass, the silver, the heavy damask which daily appeared upon the table were the envy of many women whose husbands were less generous than Mr. Pontellier.% Mr. Pontellier was very fond of walking about his house examining its various appointments and details, to see that nothing was amiss. He greatly valued his possessions, chiefly because they were his, and derived genuine pleasure from contemplating a painting, a statuette, a rare lace curtain--no matter what--after he had bought it and placed it among his household gods. On Tuesday afternoons--Tuesday being Mrs. Pontellier's reception day--there was a constant stream of callers--women who came in carriages or in the street cars, or walked when the air was soft and distance permitted. A light-colored

Thesaurus appeared: (n) appearing. sulcated. carpets: (n) carpeting. scrupulously: (adv) carefully, carriages: (n) carriage. painstakingly, strictly, meticulously, damask: (n) fabric, napery, purple, religiously, thoroughly, nicely, magenta, red, fancier, cloth. exactly, fastidiously, particularly, floors: (adj) floored. accurately. ANTONYM: (adv) flourishes: (n) added extras, negligently. trappings, superfluities, trimmings, sloping: (adj, v) oblique, slope; (adj) accompaniments, additions, slanting, inclined, slanted, diagonal, leaning, sloped; (adj, adv) aslope, embellishments. fluted: (adj) corrugated, grooved, aslant; (v) slant. ANTONYMS: (adj) gadrooned, canaliculated; (v) ribbed, horizontal, upright.

statuette: (n) statue, figure, model, effigy, bust, sculpture. tasteful: (adj) refined, neat, graceful, savory, tasty, delicious, dainty, discriminating, clean, appreciate, artistic. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulgar, cheap, garish, offensive, unstylish, unrefined, unfashionable, loud, obvious, tacky. veranda: (n) gallery, porch, portico, verandah, terrace, patio, stope, stoop, piazza, deck, corridor.

86

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

mulatto boy, in dress coat and bearing a diminutive silver tray for the reception of cards, admitted them. A maid, in white fluted cap, offered the callers liqueur, coffee, or chocolate, as they might desire. Mrs. Pontellier, attired in a handsome reception gown, remained in the drawing-room the entire afternoon receiving her visitors. Men sometimes called in the evening with their wives.% This had been the programme which Mrs. Pontellier had religiously followed since her marriage, six years before. Certain evenings during the week she and her husband attended the opera or sometimes the play. Mr. Pontellier left his home in the mornings between nine and ten o'clock, and rarely returned before half-past six or seven in the evening--dinner being served at half-past seven. He and his wife seated themselves at table one Tuesday evening, a few weeks after their return from Grand Isle. They were alone together. The boys were being put to bed; the patter of their bare, escaping feet could be heard occasionally, as well as the pursuing voice of the quadroon, lifted in mild protest and entreaty. Mrs. Pontellier did not wear her usual Tuesday reception gown; she was in ordinary house dress. Mr. Pontellier, who was observant about such things, noticed it, as he served the soup and handed it to the boy in waiting. "Tired out, Edna? Whom did you have? Many callers?" he asked. He tasted his soup and began to season it with pepper, salt, vinegar, mustard--everything within reach. "There were a good many," replied Edna, who was eating her soup with evident satisfaction. "I found their cards when I got home; I was out." "Out!" exclaimed her husband, with something like genuine consternation in his voice as he laid down the vinegar cruet and looked at her through his glasses. "Why, what could have taken you out on Tuesday? What did you have to do?" "Nothing. I simply felt like going out, and I went out." "Well, I hope you left some suitable excuse," said her husband, somewhat appeased, as he added a dash of cayenne pepper to the soup. "No, I left no excuse. I told Joe to say I was out, that was all."

Thesaurus appeased: (adj) content, pacate. breakout, running away, running off, attired: (adj) clad, appareled, clothed, run-around; (adj) fugitive. garbed, habilimented, robed; (adj, liqueur: (v) spirits, malt liquor, stingo; prep) garmented. (n) honeysuckle, absinthe, absinth, cayenne: (n) red pepper, Chile, chilly, kummel, anisette, hydromel, sweet chili peppers, capsicum annuum wine, ale. mulatto: (adj) crossbreed, hinny, longum, cayenne pepper, flavorer, seasoner, flavoring, seasoning, Metis, mule. observant: (adj) mindful, watchful, flavouring. cruet: (n) crewet, phial, vial, caster, jar, alert, cautious, circumspect, careful, stoup, noggin. aware, heedful, vigilant, awake, keen. escaping: (n) evasion, getaway, break, ANTONYMS: (adj) unobservant,

dreaming, insensitive, unprepared, oblivious. patter: (v) clatter, rumble, roll, rattle, drum, scuttle, skip, tiptoe; (n) line of gab, vernacular, jargon. religiously: (adv) conscientiously, spiritually, devoutly, reverently, sacredly, holy, Godly, scrupulously, devotedly, morally, devotionally. vinegar: (n) verjuice, eisel, crab, condiment, chili vinegar, brine, cider vinegar, acetum, acetic acid, alum.

Kate Chopin

87

"Why, my dear, I should think you'd understand by this time that people don't do such things; we've got to observe les convenances if we ever expect to get on and keep up with the procession. If you felt that you had to leave home this afternoon, you should have left some suitable explanation for your absence.% "This soup is really impossible; it's strange that woman hasn't learned yet to make a decent soup. Any free-lunch stand in town serves a better one. Was Mrs. Belthrop here?" "Bring the tray with the cards, Joe. I don't remember who was here." The boy retired and returned after a moment, bringing the tiny silver tray, which was covered with ladies' visiting cards. He handed it to Mrs. Pontellier. "Give it to Mr. Pontellier," she said. Joe offered the tray to Mr. Pontellier, and removed the soup. Mr. Pontellier scanned the names of his wife's callers, reading some of them aloud, with comments as he read. "`The Misses Delasidas.' I worked a big deal in futures for their father this morning; nice girls; it's time they were getting married. `Mrs. Belthrop.' I tell you what it is, Edna; you can't afford to snub Mrs. Belthrop. Why, Belthrop could buy and sell us ten times over. His business is worth a good, round sum to me. You'd better write her a note. `Mrs. James Highcamp.' Hugh! the less you have to do with Mrs. Highcamp, the better. `Madame Laforce.' Came all the way from Carrolton, too, poor old soul. 'Miss Wiggs,' `Mrs. Eleanor Boltons.'" He pushed the cards aside. "Mercy!" exclaimed Edna, who had been fuming. "Why are you taking the thing so seriously and making such a fuss over it?" "I'm not making any fuss over it. But it's just such seeming trifles that we've got to take seriously; such things count." The fish was scorched. Mr. Pontellier would not touch it. Edna said she did not mind a little scorched taste. The roast was in some way not to his fancy, and he did not like the manner in which the vegetables were served.

Thesaurus fuming: (adj) enraged, incensed, roast: (v) burn, grill, bake, joke, heat, show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, quiz, fry, cook, scorch; (n, v) ridicule; deep, inner. boiling, irate, livid, mad, furious, violent; (v) wild, raving, ready to (n) joint. ANTONYMS: (v) cool, snub: (n, v) repulse, insult, cut, slight, burst. ANTONYM: (adj) pleased. put down; (v) disregard, offend, praise. fuss: (n, v) flurry, bicker, fidget, scorched: (adj) baked, adust, burnt, ignore, check, humiliate; (n) rebuke. hubbub; (adj, n) stir; (n) flap, ANTONYMS: (v) accept, dry, seared, burned, charred, torrid, commotion, ado, bother, disturbance; dried out, destroyed, drier. acknowledge, notice, boost, include; (v) fret. ANTONYM: (n) peace. ANTONYMS: (adj) wet, humid. (n) acceptance. procession: (n) march, convoy, seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial, trifles: (n) jests, nonsense, nugae, cortege, cavalcade, file, string, illusory, outward, probable, trivia. deceptive, specious; (adj, n) visiting: (adj) guest, impermanent, pageant, series, sequence, progress, appearance, semblance; (n) aspect, column. temporary, visitant.

88

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"It seems to me," he said, "we spend money enough in this house to procure at least one meal a day which a man could eat and retain his self-respect." "You used to think the cook was a treasure," returned Edna, indifferently.% "Perhaps she was when she first came; but cooks are only human. They need looking after, like any other class of persons that you employ. Suppose I didn't look after the clerks in my office, just let them run things their own way; they'd soon make a nice mess of me and my business." "Where are you going?" asked Edna, seeing that her husband arose from table without having eaten a morsel except a taste of the highly-seasoned soup. "I'm going to get my dinner at the club. Good night." He went into the hall, took his hat and stick from the stand, and left the house. She was somewhat familiar with such scenes. They had often made her very unhappy. On a few previous occasions she had been completely deprived of any desire to finish her dinner. Sometimes she had gone into the kitchen to administer a tardy rebuke to the cook. Once she went to her room and studied the cookbook during an entire evening, finally writing out a menu for the week, which left her harassed with a feeling that, after all, she had accomplished no good that was worth the name. But that evening Edna finished her dinner alone, with forced deliberation. Her face was flushed and her eyes flamed with some inward fire that lighted them. After finishing her dinner she went to her room, having instructed the boy to tell any other callers that she was indisposed. It was a large, beautiful room, rich and picturesque in the soft, dim light which the maid had turned low. She went and stood at an open window and looked out upon the deep tangle of the garden below. All the mystery and witchery of the night seemed to have gathered there amid the perfumes and the dusky and tortuous outlines of flowers and foliage. She was seeking herself and finding herself in just such sweet, half-darkness which met her moods. But the voices were not soothing that came to her from the darkness and the sky above and the stars. They jeered and sounded mournful notes without promise,

Thesaurus cookbook: (n) reference, book of facts, keen, disposed. tortuous: (adj) indirect, intricate, morsel: (n, v) bite, mouthful; (n) manual. circuitous, complex, knotty, winding, dusky: (adj) dark, cloudy, gloomy, crumb, chew, particle, fragment, convoluted, sinuous, involved, black, swarthy, dull, murky, obscure, taste, piece, nibble; (adj, v) gobbet, devious, roundabout. ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward, straight, dingy, sooty, somber. ANTONYMS: mite. (adj) light, bright, sunny, radiant, sounded: (adj) measured, oral. uncomplicated, untwisted, easy, tardy: (adj, adv, v) late; (adj, v) slow, clear. simple. eaten: (v) eat. remiss; (adj, adv) backward, dilatory, witchery: (adj, n) fascination, indisposed: (adj) ill, ailing, loath, sick, behindhand; (adj) belated, slack, enchantment; (n) sorcery, glamour, averse, poorly, sickly, reluctant, overdue, delayed, sluggish. spell, magic, black magic, ANTONYMS: (adj) early, punctual, unwilling, unwell, diseased. necromancy, enticement, allurement, ANTONYMS: (adj) inclined, willing, premature, speedy. temptation.

Kate Chopin

89

devoid even of hope. She turned back into the room and began to walk to and fro down its whole length, without stopping, without resting. She carried in her hands a thin handkerchief, which she tore into ribbons, rolled into a ball, and flung from her. Once she stopped, and taking off her wedding ring, flung it upon the carpet. When she saw it lying there, she stamped her heel upon it, striving to crush it. But her small boot heel did not make an indenture, not a mark upon the little glittering circlet.% In a sweeping passion she seized a glass vase from the table and flung it upon the tiles of the hearth. She wanted to destroy something. The crash and clatter were what she wanted to hear. A maid, alarmed at the din of breaking glass, entered the room to discover what was the matter. "A vase fell upon the hearth," said Edna. "Never mind; leave it till morning." "Oh! you might get some of the glass in your feet, ma'am," insisted the young woman, picking up bits of the broken vase that were scattered upon the carpet. "And here's your ring, ma'am, under the chair." Edna held out her hand, and taking the ring, slipped it upon her finger.

Thesaurus alarmed: (adj) afraid, scared, devoid: (adj) empty, vacant, absent, frightened, apprehensive, horrified, wanting, vacuous, destitute, clear, deficient, bereft, inane; (v) quit. anxious, uneasy, agitated, shocked, ANTONYMS: (adj) filled, supplied, terrified, concerned. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree. replete, full. crush: (n, v) squeeze, crunch, press; (v) glittering: (adj, v) brilliant; (adj) beat, break, compress, conquer, sparkling, flashing, dazzling, stamp, overpower, squash, bruise. glistering, glistening, glinting, ANTONYMS: (v) lose, congratulate, shining, scintillating, splendid; (adj, adv) aglitter. stretch, praise, inspirit, encourage, compliment, expand, resist, submit, hearth: (n) fire, oven, fireside, stove, smooth. chimney, focus, furnace, dwelling,

kiln, home, abode. indenture: (n, v) indent; (n) deed, covenant, agreement, contract, indentation, notch, assurance, charter; (v) bind, oblige. ribbons: (n) cavesson, hackamore, jaquima, lines, streamer, streamers, ticker tape, paper chain, decoration, decorations, bunting. vase: (n) jar, urn, barrel, vessel, container, jug, pitcher, pot, bouquet, bushel.

Kate Chopin

91

XVIII

The following morning Mr. Pontellier, upon leaving for his office, asked Edna if she would not meet him in town in order to look at some new fixtures for the library.% "I hardly think we need new fixtures, Leonce. Don't let us get anything new; you are too extravagant. I don't believe you ever think of saving or putting by." "The way to become rich is to make money, my dear Edna, not to save it," he said. He regretted that she did not feel inclined to go with him and select new fixtures. He kissed her good-by, and told her she was not looking well and must take care of herself. She was unusually pale and very quiet. She stood on the front veranda as he quitted the house, and absently picked a few sprays of jessamine that grew upon a trellis near by. She inhaled the odor of the blossoms and thrust them into the bosom of her white morning gown. The boys were dragging along the banquette a small "express wagon," which they had filled with blocks and sticks. The quadroon was following them with little quick steps, having assumed a fictitious animation and alacrity for the occasion. A fruit vender was crying his wares in the street. Edna looked straight before her with a self-absorbed expression upon her face. She felt no interest in anything about her. The street, the children, the fruit vender, the flowers growing there under her eyes, were all part and parcel of an

Thesaurus absently: (adv) absentmindedly, missingly, lackingly, inattentively, wantingly, offly, deficiently, lostly, removedly, preoccupiedly, outly. alacrity: (n) rapidity, speed, promptness, activity, preparedness, velocity, haste, swiftness, quickness, expedition; (adj) life. ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, reservation, reluctance, indifference, hesitance, dullness, disinclination, apathy, tardiness, delay.

banquette: (v) curtain, redan, mantlet, egocentric. trellis: (n) lattice, grille, espalier, ravelin, breastwork. bosom: (n) heart, interior, boob, treillage, train, grate, net, network, thorax, chest, bust, tit; (n, v) embrace; grill; (v) plait, wattle. (v) cherish, hug; (adj) intimate. vender: (n) vendor, dealer, pedlar, ANTONYMS: (n) outside, exteriority. hawker, peddler, trafficker, huckster, flowers: (n) analecta, anthology. fruiterer, marketer, tout, packman. inhaled: (adj) breathed in. wares: (n) merchandise, goods, jessamine: (n) common jasmine, commodities, stock, product, Jasminum, genus Jasminum, true commodity, freight, cargo, ware, jasmine, Jasminum officinale. refill, shipment. self-absorbed: (adj) egotistic,

92

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

alien world which had suddenly become antagonistic.% She went back into the house. She had thought of speaking to the cook concerning her blunders of the previous night; but Mr. Pontellier had saved her that disagreeable mission, for which she was so poorly fitted. Mr. Pontellier's arguments were usually convincing with those whom he employed. He left home feeling quite sure that he and Edna would sit down that evening, and possibly a few subsequent evenings, to a dinner deserving of the name. Edna spent an hour or two in looking over some of her old sketches. She could see their shortcomings and defects, which were glaring in her eyes. She tried to work a little, but found she was not in the humor. Finally she gathered together a few of the sketches--those which she considered the least discreditable; and she carried them with her when, a little later, she dressed and left the house. She looked handsome and distinguished in her street gown. The tan of the seashore had left her face, and her forehead was smooth, white, and polished beneath her heavy, yellow-brown hair. There were a few freckles on her face, and a small, dark mole near the under lip and one on the temple, halfhidden in her hair. As Edna walked along the street she was thinking of Robert. She was still under the spell of her infatuation. She had tried to forget him, realizing the inutility of remembering. But the thought of him was like an obsession, ever pressing itself upon her. It was not that she dwelt upon details of their acquaintance, or recalled in any special or peculiar way his personality; it was his being, his existence, which dominated her thought, fading sometimes as if it would melt into the mist of the forgotten, reviving again with an intensity which filled her with an incomprehensible longing. Edna was on her way to Madame Ratignolle's. Their intimacy, begun at Grand Isle, had not declined, and they had seen each other with some frequency since their return to the city. The Ratignolles lived at no great distance from Edna's home, on the corner of a side street, where Monsieur Ratignolle owned and conducted a drug store which enjoyed a steady and prosperous trade. His father had been in the business before him, and Monsieur Ratignolle stood well

Thesaurus deserving: (adj) meritorious, inutility: (n) uselessness, desirable, easygoing, happy, admirable, creditable, commendable, pleasing, sweet, nice. impracticableness, impracticability, discreditable: (adj, n) disgraceful; (adj) quality, inability, unusefulness, laudable, fit, good, deserved, condign; (v) deserve, worthy of. dishonorable, shameful, impracticality, disadvantage. ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, ANTONYM: (n) utility. dishonourable, scandalous, realizing: (n) thought. undeserving, unimpressive. reprehensible, outrageous, ignoble, disagreeable: (adj) nasty, offensive, reviving: (adj) bracing, restorative, humiliating, base, reproachful. glaring: (adj) conspicuous, bright, uncomfortable, distasteful, renewing, refreshing, revival, brisk, cantankerous, cross, ungrateful, blatant, egregious, obvious, plain, enlivening, recuperative, abhorrent, horrible, bad, painful. flaming, garish, crying, gross, glary. reanimating, promoting ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, friendly, ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, recuperation, giving life. ANTONYM: (adj) soothing. amiable, inoffensive, acceptable, inconspicuous, dull, minor.

Kate Chopin

93

in the community and bore an enviable reputation for integrity and clearheadedness. His family lived in commodious apartments over the store, having an entrance on the side within the porte cochere. There was something which Edna thought very French, very foreign, about their whole manner of living. In the large and pleasant salon which extended across the width of the house, the Ratignolles entertained their friends once a fortnight with a soiree musicale, sometimes diversified by card-playing. There was a friend who played upon the 'cello. One brought his flute and another his violin, while there were some who sang and a number who performed upon the piano with various degrees of taste and agility. The Ratignolles' soirees musicales were widely known, and it was considered a privilege to be invited to them.% Edna found her friend engaged in assorting the clothes which had returned that morning from the laundry. She at once abandoned her occupation upon seeing Edna, who had been ushered without ceremony into her presence. "`Cite can do it as well as I; it is really her business," she explained to Edna, who apologized for interrupting her. And she summoned a young black woman, whom she instructed, in French, to be very careful in checking off the list which she handed her. She told her to notice particularly if a fine linen handkerchief of Monsieur Ratignolle's, which was missing last week, had been returned; and to be sure to set to one side such pieces as required mending and darning. Then placing an arm around Edna's waist, she led her to the front of the house, to the salon, where it was cool and sweet with the odor of great roses that stood upon the hearth in jars. Madame Ratignolle looked more beautiful than ever there at home, in a neglige which left her arms almost wholly bare and exposed the rich, melting curves of her white throat. "Perhaps I shall be able to paint your picture some day," said Edna with a smile when they were seated. She produced the roll of sketches and started to unfold them. "I believe I ought to work again. I feel as if I wanted to be doing something. What do you think of them? Do you think it worth while to take it

Thesaurus assorting: (v) assort. (adj) unwelcomed, undesirable, soiree: (adj, n) party, reception; (n) darning: (n) darn, repair, stitching, evening, affair, musical soiree; (adj) undesired, unpleasant. embroidery, needlework, restoration, mending: (n) fix, repair, fixing, home, levee, entertainment, tapestry, hemming, healing, maintenance, restoration, reparation, conversazione, at. unfold: (v) spread, open, extend, renovation, needlepoint. improvement, darning, mend, diversified: (adj) diverse, different, amendment, correction. develop, stretch, spread out, reveal, musicale: (n) recital. display, stretch out; (adj, v) expound, heterogeneous, manifold, divers, explain. ANTONYMS: (v) fold, block, varied, altered, multifarious, motley, neglige: (n) negligee, wrapper, assorted, miscellaneous. peignoir, camisole, dishabille, stagnate, stop, hide, withhold, check, enviable: (adj) invidious, dressing gown, undress, dust cover, wrap, conceal. advantageous, envious, happy, lounging robe, book jacket, morning violin: (n) viol, bowed stringed pleasing, attractive. ANTONYMS: dress. instrument, fiddle dock, kit, string.

94

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

up again and study some more? I might study for a while with Laidpore." She knew that Madame Ratignolle's opinion in such a matter would be next to valueless, that she herself had not alone decided, but determined; but she sought the words of praise and encouragement that would help her to put heart into her venture.% "Your talent is immense, dear!" "Nonsense!" protested Edna, well pleased. "Immense, I tell you," persisted Madame Ratignolle, surveying the sketches one by one, at close range, then holding them at arm's length, narrowing her eyes, and dropping her head on one side. "Surely, this Bavarian peasant is worthy of framing; and this basket of apples! never have I seen anything more lifelike. One might almost be tempted to reach out a hand and take one." Edna could not control a feeling which bordered upon complacency at her friend's praise, even realizing, as she did, its true worth. She retained a few of the sketches, and gave all the rest to Madame Ratignolle, who appreciated the gift far beyond its value and proudly exhibited the pictures to her husband when he came up from the store a little later for his midday dinner. Mr. Ratignolle was one of those men who are called the salt of the earth. His cheerfulness was unbounded, and it was matched by his goodness of heart, his broad charity, and common sense. He and his wife spoke English with an accent which was only discernible through its un-English emphasis and a certain carefulness and deliberation. Edna's husband spoke English with no accent whatever. The Ratignolles understood each other perfectly. If ever the fusion of two human beings into one has been accomplished on this sphere it was surely in their union. As Edna seated herself at table with them she thought, "Better a dinner of herbs," though it did not take her long to discover that it was no dinner of herbs, but a delicious repast, simple, choice, and in every way satisfying. Monsieur Ratignolle was delighted to see her, though he found her looking not so well as at Grand Isle, and he advised a tonic. He talked a good deal on

Thesaurus bordered: (adj) fringed, edged, delimited, surrounded. carefulness: (n) care, precision, conscientiousness, prudence, diligence, cautiousness, discretion, frugality, thrift, attentiveness, exactness. ANTONYMS: (n) recklessness, negligence, impulsiveness, incaution, extravagance, foolishness, neglect, messiness. cheerfulness: (n) glee, happiness,

exhilaration, hilarity, mirth, living, natural, bright, truthful, lively, merriment, gladness, cheer, good genuine, true to life, live. ANTONYM: (adj) inaccurate. spirits, pleasure, joviality. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, grimness, unbounded: (adj) immeasurable, seriousness, misery, resentment, limitless, endless, infinite, immense, uncheerfulness, solemnity, lethargy, measureless, unlimited, vast, bleakness, gravity, gloominess. illimitable, unmeasured, absolute. framing: (n) frame, casing, sash, valueless: (adj) useless, futile, doorcase, cornice, cowcatcher, insignificant, meaningless, null, coaming, deckle, clotheshorse, buffer, unvalued, trifling, of no value, derrick. rubbish, priceless, refuse. lifelike: (adj) vivid, graphic, faithful, ANTONYM: (adj) valuable.

Kate Chopin

95

various topics, a little politics, some city news and neighborhood gossip. He spoke with an animation and earnestness that gave an exaggerated importance to every syllable he uttered. His wife was keenly interested in everything he said, laying down her fork the better to listen, chiming in, taking the words out of his mouth.% Edna felt depressed rather than soothed after leaving them. The little glimpse of domestic harmony which had been offered her, gave her no regret, no longing. It was not a condition of life which fitted her, and she could see in it but an appalling and hopeless ennui. She was moved by a kind of commiseration for Madame Ratignolle,--a pity for that colorless existence which never uplifted its possessor beyond the region of blind contentment, in which no moment of anguish ever visited her soul, in which she would never have the taste of life's delirium. Edna vaguely wondered what she meant by "life's delirium." It had crossed her thought like some unsought, extraneous impression.

Thesaurus chiming: (v) mocking. colorless: (adj) achromatic, neutral, drab, dull, monotonous, wan, tame, pallid, bloodless, white, colourless. ANTONYMS: (adj) rosy, interesting, rich, vivid, brilliant, vibrant, stimulating, lively, glamorous, exciting, distinctive. commiseration: (n) pity, compassion, sympathy, condolence, ruth, mercy, commiserate, bowels, consolation, fellow feeling, acknowledgement.

delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania, area, community, locality, place, quarter, environs, section; (adj) disturbance, fever, ecstasy, derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj) furor, neighboring, local. rage, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) possessor: (n) owner, holder, indifference, dejection. proprietor, householder, occupant, ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness, landowner, landholder, proprietary, melancholy, monotony, tediousness, somebody, someone, soul. unsought: (adj) unwelcome, dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) undesired, uninvited, unasked, variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, undesirable, unwanted, unbesought, energy, interest. unattempted, not requested, not neighborhood: (n) vicinity, district, desired. ANTONYM: (adj) welcome.

Kate Chopin

97

XIX

Edna could not help but think that it was very foolish, very childish, to have stamped upon her wedding ring and smashed the crystal vase upon the tiles. She was visited by no more outbursts, moving her to such futile expedients. She began to do as she liked and to feel as she liked. She completely abandoned her Tuesdays at home, and did not return the visits of those who had called upon her. She made no ineffectual efforts to conduct her household en bonne menagere, going and coming as it suited her fancy, and, so far as she was able, lending herself to any passing caprice.% Mr. Pontellier had been a rather courteous husband so long as he met a certain tacit submissiveness in his wife. But her new and unexpected line of conduct completely bewildered him. It shocked him. Then her absolute disregard for her duties as a wife angered him. When Mr. Pontellier became rude, Edna grew insolent. She had resolved never to take another step backward. "It seems to me the utmost folly for a woman at the head of a household, and the mother of children, to spend in an atelier days which would be better employed contriving for the comfort of her family." "I feel like painting," answered Edna. "Perhaps I shan't always feel like it." "Then in God's name paint! but don't let the family go to the devil. There's

Thesaurus angered: (adj) enraged, annoyed, angry, furious, incensed, anger, vexed, irritated, raging, exasperated, huffy. atelier: (v) studio; (n) workshop, office, den, branch office bureau. bonne: (n) ayah, nurse, biddy. contriving: (adj) designing, deep, calculating, shifty. courteous: (adj, v) civil; (adj) affable, attentive, gracious, decorous, chivalrous, bland, thoughtful,

urbane, mannerly, gentlemanly. ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, impolite, boorish, insulting, unmannerly, gruff, improper, vulgar, unhelpful, neglectful, graceless. ineffectual: (adj) ineffective, futile, useless, feeble, abortive, powerless, idle, weak, unable, void, vain. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, effectual, effective, useful, viable, competent, invulnerable, helpful, decisive. insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive,

disrespectful, impudent, fresh, arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, modest, gracious, meek, submissive. stamped: (adj) beaten, marked, pressed, printed; (v) fixed, engraved. submissiveness: (n) meekness, compliance, submission, humbleness, humility, servility, obsequiousness, subservience, submissness, passivity, passiveness.

98

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

Madame Ratignolle; because she keeps up her music, she doesn't let everything else go to chaos. And she's more of a musician than you are a painter." "She isn't a musician, and I'm not a painter. It isn't on account of painting that I let things go." "On account of what, then?" "Oh! I don't know. Let me alone; you bother me." It sometimes entered Mr. Pontellier's mind to wonder if his wife were not growing a little unbalanced mentally. He could see plainly that she was not herself. That is, he could not see that she was becoming herself and daily casting aside that fictitious self which we assume like a garment with which to appear before the world.% Her husband let her alone as she requested, and went away to his office. Edna went up to her atelier--a bright room in the top of the house. She was working with great energy and interest, without accomplishing anything, however, which satisfied her even in the smallest degree. For a time she had the whole household enrolled in the service of art. The boys posed for her. They thought it amusing at first, but the occupation soon lost its attractiveness when they discovered that it was not a game arranged especially for their entertainment. The quadroon sat for hours before Edna's palette, patient as a savage, while the house-maid took charge of the children, and the drawing-room went undusted. But the housemaid, too, served her term as model when Edna perceived that the young woman's back and shoulders were molded on classic lines, and that her hair, loosened from its confining cap, became an inspiration. While Edna worked she sometimes sang low the little air, "Ah! si tu savais!" It moved her with recollections. She could hear again the ripple of the water, the flapping sail. She could see the glint of the moon upon the bay, and could feel the soft, gusty beating of the hot south wind. A subtle current of desire passed through her body, weakening her hold upon the brushes and making her eyes burn. There were days when she was very happy without knowing why. She was

Thesaurus accomplishing: (n) doing; (adj) effectual. enrolled: (adj) listed, conscript. flapping: (adj) loose, detached, baggy, streaming, flying, slack; (n) fluttering, flutter, flaps, dither, disturbance. glint: (n, v) glimmer, flash, sparkle, glance, beam, glitter, twinkle, shimmer, shine; (v) gleam; (n) brilliance. gusty: (adj) blustery, stormy, windy, blowy, tempestuous, squally, dirty,

blustering, blusterous, airy, inclement. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, airless. housemaid: (n) amah, maid, handmaiden, handmaid, maidservant, cleaning woman, girl, ayah, charwoman, biddy, maiden. molded: (adj) shaped, characterized, affected, meld, melds, cast, inseparable, plastic, wrought, figulated, tough. requested: (adj) demanded.

ripple: (v) bubble, murmur, gurgle, billow, surge, burble, cockle; (n, v) wave, swell, riffle, purl. took: (adj) taken; (v) receive. unbalanced: (adj) crazy, mad, wobbly, disproportionate, unequal, demented, imbalanced, unsettled, unstable, unsteady, asymmetrical. ANTONYMS: (adj) sane, balanced, even, fair, equal, steady, symmetrical, well, firm, consistent, moderate. undusted: (adj) dirty.

Kate Chopin

99

happy to be alive and breathing, when her whole being seemed to be one with the sunlight, the color, the odors, the luxuriant warmth of some perfect Southern day. She liked then to wander alone into strange and unfamiliar places. She discovered many a sunny, sleepy corner, fashioned to dream in. And she found it good to dream and to be alone and unmolested.% There were days when she was unhappy, she did not know why,--when it did not seem worth while to be glad or sorry, to be alive or dead; when life appeared to her like a grotesque pandemonium and humanity like worms struggling blindly toward inevitable annihilation. She could not work on such a day, nor weave fancies to stir her pulses and warm her blood.

Thesaurus annihilation: (n) abolition, death, sensibly, carefully, considerately, slaughter, destruction, obliteration, purposely. fancies: (n) stock. extermination, extirpation, grotesque: (adj) fantastic, bizarre, disintegration, demolition, defeat, pulverization. ANTONYMS: (n) funny, antic, absurd, droll, strange, preservation, survival, creation, baroque, weird, ugly, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, normal, protection. blindly: (adv) darkly, dimly, commonplace, attractive. luxuriant: (adj, n) lush; (adj) abundant, blindfoldly, purblindly, obscurely, heedlessly, unreasoningly, blindfold, lavish, exuberant, dense, thick, fertile, unsightedly, inconsiderately, flourishing, fecund, opulent, profuse. ignorantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) barren, meager,

unhealthy, arid, withering, sparse, shabby, unadorned. pandemonium: (n) chaos, confusion, hubbub, disorder, commotion, racket, turmoil, noise, mayhem, clamor, hullabaloo. ANTONYMS: (n) order, peace, calm. weave: (v) twine, braid, knit, entwine, interweave, wind, waver, plait, fabricate, inweave; (n) texture. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, unweave, unpick.

Kate Chopin

101

XX

It was during such a mood that Edna hunted up Mademoiselle Reisz. She had not forgotten the rather disagreeable impression left upon her by their last interview; but she nevertheless felt a desire to see her--above all, to listen while she played upon the piano. Quite early in the afternoon she started upon her quest for the pianist. Unfortunately she had mislaid or lost Mademoiselle Reisz's card, and looking up her address in the city directory, she found that the woman lived on Bienville Street, some distance away. The directory which fell into her hands was a year or more old, however, and upon reaching the number indicated, Edna discovered that the house was occupied by a respectable family of mulattoes who had chambres garnies to let. They had been living there for six months, and knew absolutely nothing of a Mademoiselle Reisz. In fact, they knew nothing of any of their neighbors; their lodgers were all people of the highest distinction, they assured Edna. She did not linger to discuss class distinctions with Madame Pouponne, but hastened to a neighboring grocery store, feeling sure that Mademoiselle would have left her address with the proprietor.% He knew Mademoiselle Reisz a good deal better than he wanted to know her, he informed his questioner. In truth, he did not want to know her at all, or anything concerning her--the most disagreeable and unpopular woman who ever lived in Bienville Street. He thanked heaven she had left the neighborhood,

Thesaurus directory: (n) file, record, list, handbook, roll, catalog, guide, listing, reference book, register, Chamber of Deputies. grocery: (n) foodstuff, marketplace, grocery store, preserve, supermarket, julep, jam, mart, food market, confiture, consumer goods. hunted: (adj) coursed, afraid, wanted, required, sought, sought after; (n) victim. indicated: (adj) numbered.

knew: (adj) known; (v) recognize, wist. (n, v) probe, hunt, inquiry, mislaid: (adj) misplaced, absent, examination; (v) call for. questioner: (n) inquirer, interrogator, disordered, gone astray, not there, missing, lost temporarily. enquirer, interviewer, querist, ANTONYM: (adj) found. investigator, examiner, asker, neighbors: (n) neighbourhood. doubter, talker, speaker. pianist: (n) organist, accordionist, unpopular: (v) unacceptable, uncared for; (adj) unwelcome, undesirable, accompanist, player, violinist, piano player, musician, flautist, Chopin, ostracized, unattractive, detested, lewis. unfashionable, uninviting, lousy, quest: (n) pursuit, investigation, thankless. ANTONYMS: (adj) liked, exploration, chase, research, inquest; desirable.

102

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

and was equally thankful that he did not know where she had gone.% Edna's desire to see Mademoiselle Reisz had increased tenfold since these unlooked-for obstacles had arisen to thwart it. She was wondering who could give her the information she sought, when it suddenly occurred to her that Madame Lebrun would be the one most likely to do so. She knew it was useless to ask Madame Ratignolle, who was on the most distant terms with the musician, and preferred to know nothing concerning her. She had once been almost as emphatic in expressing herself upon the subject as the corner grocer. Edna knew that Madame Lebrun had returned to the city, for it was the middle of November. And she also knew where the Lebruns lived, on Chartres Street. Their home from the outside looked like a prison, with iron bars before the door and lower windows. The iron bars were a relic of the old regime, and no one had ever thought of dislodging them. At the side was a high fence enclosing the garden. A gate or door opening upon the street was locked. Edna rang the bell at this side garden gate, and stood upon the banquette, waiting to be admitted. It was Victor who opened the gate for her. A black woman, wiping her hands upon her apron, was close at his heels. Before she saw them Edna could hear them in altercation, the woman--plainly an anomaly--claiming the right to be allowed to perform her duties, one of which was to answer the bell. Victor was surprised and delighted to see Mrs. Pontellier, and he made no attempt to conceal either his astonishment or his delight. He was a dark-browed, good-looking youngster of nineteen, greatly resembling his mother, but with ten times her impetuosity. He instructed the black woman to go at once and inform Madame Lebrun that Mrs. Pontellier desired to see her. The woman grumbled a refusal to do part of her duty when she had not been permitted to do it all, and started back to her interrupted task of weeding the garden. Whereupon Victor administered a rebuke in the form of a volley of abuse, which, owing to its rapidity and incoherence, was all but incomprehensible to Edna. Whatever it was, the rebuke was convincing, for the woman dropped her hoe and went

Thesaurus altercation: (n, v) quarrel, squabble; (n) affray, scrap, fight, hassle, disagreement, fracas, strife, controversy, contest. ANTONYMS: (n) union, harmony, concord, agreement, unity, consensus. impetuosity: (n) eagerness, haste, heat, violence, vehemence, impulsiveness, impetuousness, excitability, temerity, precipitation, fervency. ANTONYMS: (n) deliberation, patience, consideration, carefulness.

incoherence: (n) incoherency, relic: (n, v) memento, souvenir, keepsake; (n) token, trace, remainder, disconnectedness, disjointedness, nonsensicality, nonsense, remains, antique, relict, vestige, meaninglessness, incoherentness, remnant. inconsistency; (adj) frenzy, tenfold: (adj) decuple, decimal, tenth, wandering, incoherent. ANTONYM: containing ten. (n) coherence. thwart: (adv, v) cross; (v) frustrate, rapidity: (n) expedition, quickness, prevent, oppose, baffle, obstruct, promptness, dispatch, celerity, haste, hinder, impede, defeat, disappoint, bilk. ANTONYMS: (v) promote, velocity, pace, fleetness, promptitude, speed. ANTONYM: (n) assist, encourage, aid, help, please, tardiness. permit.

Kate Chopin

103

mumbling into the house.% Edna did not wish to enter. It was very pleasant there on the side porch, where there were chairs, a wicker lounge, and a small table. She seated herself, for she was tired from her long tramp; and she began to rock gently and smooth out the folds of her silk parasol. Victor drew up his chair beside her. He at once explained that the black woman's offensive conduct was all due to imperfect training, as he was not there to take her in hand. He had only come up from the island the morning before, and expected to return next day. He stayed all winter at the island; he lived there, and kept the place in order and got things ready for the summer visitors. But a man needed occasional relaxation, he informed Mrs. Pontellier, and every now and again he drummed up a pretext to bring him to the city. My! but he had had a time of it the evening before! He wouldn't want his mother to know, and he began to talk in a whisper. He was scintillant with recollections. Of course, he couldn't think of telling Mrs. Pontellier all about it, she being a woman and not comprehending such things. But it all began with a girl peeping and smiling at him through the shutters as he passed by. Oh! but she was a beauty! Certainly he smiled back, and went up and talked to her. Mrs. Pontellier did not know him if she supposed he was one to let an opportunity like that escape him. Despite herself, the youngster amused her. She must have betrayed in her look some degree of interest or entertainment. The boy grew more daring, and Mrs. Pontellier might have found herself, in a little while, listening to a highly colored story but for the timely appearance of Madame Lebrun. That lady was still clad in white, according to her custom of the summer. Her eyes beamed an effusive welcome. Would not Mrs. Pontellier go inside? Would she partake of some refreshment? Why had she not been there before? How was that dear Mr. Pontellier and how were those sweet children? Had Mrs. Pontellier ever known such a warm November? Victor went and reclined on the wicker lounge behind his mother's chair, where he commanded a view of Edna's face. He had taken her parasol from her hands while he spoke to her, and he now lifted it and twirled it above him as he

Thesaurus according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, equal, agreeable, harmonious, conformable, consistent, corresponding, respondent; (adv) correspondingly, accordingly. comprehending: (adj) intelligent, general, observant, sympathetic, brotherly, conversant. folds: (n) laps. imperfect: (adj) faulty, deficient, defective, unfinished, incomplete, poor, flawed, partial, inadequate,

broken, fallible. ANTONYMS: (adj) perfect, whole, unblemished, adequate, complete, sound, boundless, capable, flawless. mumbling: (n) gumming, diction, enunciation, chewing, mussitation, mastication; (adj) inarticulate, incoherent. parasol: (n) sunshade, canopy, awning, umbrella, marquee, beach umbrella, shade, cover, tilt, tent. peeping: (n) cheeping, tweeting,

chirping; (adj) inquisitive. recollections: (n) memories, reminiscences, recollection, biography. refreshment: (n) bite, drink, recreation, collation, repose, relief, rest, entertainment, treat; (v) invigoration; (n, v) regalement. scintillant: (v) bright, nitid, lustrous, beamy; (adj) sparkling, glinting, glistering, fulgid, glittering, aglitter, light.

104

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

lay on his back. When Madame Lebrun complained that it was so dull coming back to the city; that she saw so few people now; that even Victor, when he came up from the island for a day or two, had so much to occupy him and engage his time; then it was that the youth went into contortions on the lounge and winked mischievously at Edna. She somehow felt like a confederate in crime, and tried to look severe and disapproving.% There had been but two letters from Robert, with little in them, they told her. Victor said it was really not worth while to go inside for the letters, when his mother entreated him to go in search of them. He remembered the contents, which in truth he rattled off very glibly when put to the test. One letter was written from Vera Cruz and the other from the City of Mexico. He had met Montel, who was doing everything toward his advancement. So far, the financial situation was no improvement over the one he had left in New Orleans, but of course the prospects were vastly better. He wrote of the City of Mexico, the buildings, the people and their habits, the conditions of life which he found there. He sent his love to the family. He inclosed a check to his mother, and hoped she would affectionately remember him to all his friends. That was about the substance of the two letters. Edna felt that if there had been a message for her, she would have received it. The despondent frame of mind in which she had left home began again to overtake her, and she remembered that she wished to find Mademoiselle Reisz. Madame Lebrun knew where Mademoiselle Reisz lived. She gave Edna the address, regretting that she would not consent to stay and spend the remainder of the afternoon, and pay a visit to Mademoiselle Reisz some other day. The afternoon was already well advanced. Victor escorted her out upon the banquette, lifted her parasol, and held it over her while he walked to the car with her. He entreated her to bear in mind that the disclosures of the afternoon were strictly confidential. She laughed and bantered him a little, remembering too late that she should have been dignified and reserved.

Thesaurus came: (v) arrive, come. confederate: (n) accomplice, accessory, partner, collaborator, colleague, assistant; (n, v) ally, auxiliary; (adj) allied; (v) league, conspire. ANTONYMS: (n) opponent, foe, enemy, adversary. despondent: (adj) desperate, dejected, depressed, hopeless, disappointed, desolate, gloomy, downcast, downhearted, forlorn, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, cheerful,

optimistic, joyful, elated, euphoric. disobediently, destructively, glibly: (adv) smoothly, slipperily, waywardly, hurtfully. ANTONYM: (adv) obediently. easily, fluently, superficially, rattled: (adj) hot and bothered, frivolously, eloquently, flippantly, effortlessly, confidently, facetiously. perturbed, upset, unsettled, puzzled, ANTONYMS: (adv) hesitantly, disconcerted, discomposed, awkwardly. bewildered, beside oneself, abashed, inclosed: (adj) confined, entrails, addled. ANTONYM: (adj) calm. vastly: (adv) greatly, hugely, included, internal, intestine. mischievously: (adv) roguishly, badly, enormously, infinitely, extremely, impishly, wickedly, puckishly, exceedingly, massively, very, playfully, perniciously, tremendously, highly, colossally.

Kate Chopin

105

"How handsome Mrs. Pontellier looked!" said Madame Lebrun to her son.% "Ravishing!" he admitted. "The city atmosphere has improved her. Some way she doesn't seem like the same woman."

Thesaurus admitted: (v) admitting, understood, of course; (adj) acknowledged, undisputed, known, orthodox. atmosphere: (n) ambience, ambiance, mood, aura, feel, environment, feeling, background, quality, medium, setting. city: (adj) municipal, urban, civic, public; (n) borough, the City, burgh, village, metropolis, municipality, state. ANTONYMS: (adj) suburban, country, private.

handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine, same: (adj) identical, equal, like, generous, charming, comely, corresponding, equivalent, similar, attractive, bountiful, considerable, uniform, even, consistent, matching; bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS: (adv) equally. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) ugly, unattractive, meager, different, varying, another, unlike, ungenerous, measly, plain. other, varied. improved: (adj) enhanced, new, seem: (v) appear, feel, seeming, loom, reformed, finer, enlarged, greater, expect, show, beseem, sound, glitter, greater than before, more, higher, glisten, gleam. increased, transformed. ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, lesser, unimproved.

Kate Chopin

107

XXI

Some people contended that the reason Mademoiselle Reisz always chose apartments up under the roof was to discourage the approach of beggars, peddlars and callers. There were plenty of windows in her little front room. They were for the most part dingy, but as they were nearly always open it did not make so much difference. They often admitted into the room a good deal of smoke and soot; but at the same time all the light and air that there was came through them. From her windows could be seen the crescent of the river, the masts of ships and the big chimneys of the Mississippi steamers. A magnificent piano crowded the apartment. In the next room she slept, and in the third and last she harbored a gasoline stove on which she cooked her meals when disinclined to descend to the neighboring restaurant. It was there also that she ate, keeping her belongings in a rare old buffet, dingy and battered from a hundred years of use.% When Edna knocked at Mademoiselle Reisz's front room door and entered, she discovered that person standing beside the window, engaged in mending or patching an old prunella gaiter. The little musician laughed all over when she saw Edna. Her laugh consisted of a contortion of the face and all the muscles of the body. She seemed strikingly homely, standing there in the afternoon light. She still wore the shabby lace and the artificial bunch of violets on the side of her head.

Thesaurus belongings: (n) property, luggage, unclean, grimy. ANTONYMS: (adj) buskin, Gamache, fuss, galligaskin, baggage, wealth, assets, gear, immaculate, spotless, sparkling, bicker. gasoline: (n) gas, gasolene, oil, fuel, chattels, personal property, bright, neat, brilliant, interesting, possessions, possession, equipment. smart. benzine, petrol, distillate, heating oil, chimneys: (n) chimney. disinclined: (adj) reluctant, loath, naphtha, hydrocarbon; (v) Naptha. contended: (adj) controversial. patching: (n) patch, tiling, fix, repair, averse, indisposed, loth, backward, contortion: (n) torsion, deformation, not content, opposed, dubious, reparation, plugging, connection, twist, dislocation, perversion, distort, afraid, not in the vein. ANTONYMS: burning, fixing. (adj) tending, willing, leaning, eager, prunella: (n) genus prunella. deformity, contort, garble, wrench, twisting. ANTONYM: (n) smile. soot: (n) smut, lampblack, carbon bent, keen, disposed. dingy: (adj) dark, black, drab, dull, gaiter: (n) legging, legin, shoe, black, grime, carbon, crock, dirt; (adj) muddy, impure, dim, seedy, dowdy, gambado, leggings, bickering, ink, ebony, coal pitch, jet.

108

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"So you remembered me at last," said Mademoiselle. "I had said to myself, `Ah, bah! she will never come.'" "Did you want me to come?" asked Edna with a smile.% "I had not thought much about it," answered Mademoiselle. The two had seated themselves on a little bumpy sofa which stood against the wall. "I am glad, however, that you came. I have the water boiling back there, and was just about to make some coffee. You will drink a cup with me. And how is la belle dame? Always handsome! always healthy! always contented!" She took Edna's hand between her strong wiry fingers, holding it loosely without warmth, and executing a sort of double theme upon the back and palm. "Yes," she went on; "I sometimes thought: `She will never come. She promised as those women in society always do, without meaning it. She will not come.' For I really don't believe you like me, Mrs. Pontellier." "I don't know whether I like you or not," replied Edna, gazing down at the little woman with a quizzical look. The candor of Mrs. Pontellier's admission greatly pleased Mademoiselle Reisz. She expressed her gratification by repairing forthwith to the region of the gasoline stove and rewarding her guest with the promised cup of coffee. The coffee and the biscuit accompanying it proved very acceptable to Edna, who had declined refreshment at Madame Lebrun's and was now beginning to feel hungry. Mademoiselle set the tray which she brought in upon a small table near at hand, and seated herself once again on the lumpy sofa. "I have had a letter from your friend," she remarked, as she poured a little cream into Edna's cup and handed it to her. "My friend?" "Yes, your friend Robert. He wrote to me from the City of Mexico." "Wrote to YOU?" repeated Edna in amazement, stirring her coffee absently. "Yes, to me. Why not? Don't stir all the warmth out of your coffee; drink it. Though the letter might as well have been sent to you; it was nothing but Mrs.

Thesaurus bumpy: (adj) uneven, rugged, jagged, presently, straightaway, cumbersome, granular, knobby, jolty, knobby, irregular, scabrous, not incontinently; (adj, adv) quickly; (adj) unshapely, rude, indolent, gawky; (v) lumpish; (n) failure. level, lopsided, jolting, jumpy. immediate. ANTONYMS: (adj) flat, smooth, gazing: (adj) fixed. quizzical: (adj) mocking, eccentric, gratification: (adj, n) delight; (n, v) comfortable, even, level. fanciful, fantastic, queer, playful, executing: (n) performing, execution, content; (n) enjoyment, pleasure, derisive, jocular, waggish, ironical, decapitation, capital punishment, satisfaction, fruition, complacency, ironic. wiry: (adj) lean, muscular, sinewy, electrocution, death penalty, joy, luxury, treat, fulfillment. crucifixion, implementation, corporal ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction, fibrous, brawny, stalwart, ropy, thin, punishment; (v) perform, execute. disenchantment, dismay, discontent, supple, vigorous, rough. forthwith: (adv) directly, immediately, anxiety. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, small, lumpy: (adj) chunky, uneven, at once, now, instantly, straight, tiny, smooth, soft, stout, fat.

Kate Chopin

109

Pontellier from beginning to end." "Let me see it," requested the young woman, entreatingly.% "No; a letter concerns no one but the person who writes it and the one to whom it is written." "Haven't you just said it concerned me from beginning to end?" "It was written about you, not to you. `Have you seen Mrs. Pontellier? How is she looking?' he asks. `As Mrs. Pontellier says,' or `as Mrs. Pontellier once said.' `If Mrs. Pontellier should call upon you, play for her that Impromptu of Chopin's, my favorite. I heard it here a day or two ago, but not as you play it. I should like to know how it affects her,' and so on, as if he supposed we were constantly in each other's society." "Let me see the letter." "Oh, no." "Have you answered it?" "No." "Let me see the letter." "No, and again, no." "Then play the Impromptu for me." "It is growing late; what time do you have to be home?" "Time doesn't concern me. Impromptu."

Your question seems a little rude. Play the

"But you have told me nothing of yourself. What are you doing?" "Painting!" laughed Edna. "I am becoming an artist. Think of it!" "Ah! an artist! You have pretensions, Madame." "Why pretensions? Do you think I could not become an artist?" "I do not know you well enough to say. I do not know your talent or your temperament. To be an artist includes much; one must possess many gifts-absolute gifts--which have not been acquired by one's own effort. And,

Thesaurus acquired: (adj) acquisitive, acquisite, possess: (adj, v) own; (v) hold, wield, inoffensive. talent: (n) genius, ability, aptitude, extrinsic, noninheritable, derivative. occupy, bear, keep, enjoy, contain, concerns: (n) dealings, affairs. retain, to have, maintain. capacity, skill, knack, flair, capability; constantly: (adv) continually, firmly, ANTONYMS: (v) lack, remove. (n, v) endowment, faculty; (adj, n) pretensions: (n) airs, affected manner, cleverness. ANTONYMS: (n) incessantly, eternally, steadily, endlessly, unremittingly, ceaselessly, mannerism. incapacity, lack, stupidity, steadfastly; (adj, adv) always, forever. rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent, coarse, incompetence, ineptness, drawback. ANTONYMS: (adv) inconsistently, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt, temperament: (n) character, nature, intermittently, acutely, erratically, discourteous, impolite, brutal, crude, disposition, constitution, personality, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, infrequently. quality, spirit, humor, equanimity, heard: (n) hearing. refined, courteous, chivalrous, civil, composure, mettle. includes: (v) involve; (adj) included. proper, decent, exact, clean, gentle,

110

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

moreover, to succeed, the artist must possess the courageous soul." "What do you mean by the courageous soul?" "Courageous, ma foi! The brave soul. The soul that dares and defies." "Show me the letter and play for me the Impromptu. You see that I have persistence. Does that quality count for anything in art?" "It counts with a foolish old woman whom you have captivated," replied Mademoiselle, with her wriggling laugh.% The letter was right there at hand in the drawer of the little table upon which Edna had just placed her coffee cup. Mademoiselle opened the drawer and drew forth the letter, the topmost one. She placed it in Edna's hands, and without further comment arose and went to the piano. Mademoiselle played a soft interlude. It was an improvisation. She sat low at the instrument, and the lines of her body settled into ungraceful curves and angles that gave it an appearance of deformity. Gradually and imperceptibly the interlude melted into the soft opening minor chords of the Chopin Impromptu. Edna did not know when the Impromptu began or ended. She sat in the sofa corner reading Robert's letter by the fading light. Mademoiselle had glided from the Chopin into the quivering lovenotes of Isolde's song, and back again to the Impromptu with its soulful and poignant longing. The shadows deepened in the little room. The music grew strange and fantastic--turbulent, insistent, plaintive and soft with entreaty. The shadows grew deeper. The music filled the room. It floated out upon the night, over the housetops, the crescent of the river, losing itself in the silence of the upper air. Edna was sobbing, just as she had wept one midnight at Grand Isle when strange, new voices awoke in her. She arose in some agitation to take her departure. "May I come again, Mademoiselle?" she asked at the threshold. "Come whenever you feel like it. Be careful; the stairs and landings are dark; don't stumble."

Thesaurus deformity: (n) malformation, disfigurement, defect, blemish, disfiguration, defacement, disability, abnormality, distortion, clubfoot; (adj, n) irregularity. imperceptibly: (adv) unnoticeably, gradually, slightly, invisibly, gently, quietly, softly, observably, indistinctly, scarcely, hardly. ANTONYMS: (adv) obviously, visibly, audibly, conspicuously, perceptibly, heavily, clearly, strongly.

improvisation: (n) extemporization, extemporisation, invention, performance, temporary expedient, figment, expedient, device, construction, stopgap, fiction. interlude: (n) intermission, interval, intermezzo, entr'acte, pause, episode, interact, adjournment, interim, recess, rest. landings: (n) landing. quivering: (adj, n) trembling, tremor, quaking, trepidation; (n) palpitation,

quiver, vibration; (adj) flutter, quavering, shivering, tremulous. ANTONYM: (adj) steady. topmost: (adj) highest, upmost, upper, maximum, uppermost, head, supreme, utmost, crowning, apical, uttermost. ANTONYM: (adj) bottom. ungraceful: (adj) clumsy, ungainly, graceless, inelegant, stiff, uncouth, maladroit, mean, gauche, unbecoming, unhandsome. ANTONYM: (adj) elegant.

Kate Chopin

111

Mademoiselle reentered and lit a candle. Robert's letter was on the floor. She stooped and picked it up. It was crumpled and damp with tears. Mademoiselle smoothed the letter out, restored it to the envelope, and replaced it in the table drawer. %

Thesaurus candle: (n) candela, light, taper, parched, arid, dried, fresh, hard. bougie, CD, candlepower, lamp, wax envelope: (n, v) covering, cloak, light, Standard candle; (v) examine, blanket; (n) casing, container, pack, illuminate. case, coating, jacket, integument, crumpled: (adj) rumpled, crinkly, vesicle. wrinkled, bent, corrugated, crinkled, floor: (n, v) level; (n) layer, earth, base, bottom, soil, platform; (v) stun, disheveled, lined, furrowed, dented, dump, deck; (adj, v) prostrate. damaged. damp: (adj) moist, muggy, clammy, ANTONYMS: (v) clarify; (n) ceiling. cool, dank; (v) check, chill, deaden, picked: (adj) select, chosen, best, break; (n) moisture, dampness. recherche, rare, priceless, preferred, ANTONYMS: (n) dryness; (adj) pointed, elected, named; (v) choose.

restored: (adj) new, healthy, comfortable, convalescent. smoothed: (adj) round, smoothened, curved. ANTONYM: (adj) sharp. stooped: (adj) hunched, stoop, stooping, crooked, bended, not straight, inclined, not erect, arched, asymmetrical, droopy. tears: (n) cry, crying, snivel, brine, weeping, activity, bawling, bodily function, bodily process, body process, lacerations.

Kate Chopin

113

XXII

One morning on his way into town Mr. Pontellier stopped at the house of his old friend and family physician, Doctor Mandelet. The Doctor was a semiretired physician, resting, as the saying is, upon his laurels. He bore a reputation for wisdom rather than skill--leaving the active practice of medicine to his assistants and younger contemporaries--and was much sought for in matters of consultation. A few families, united to him by bonds of friendship, he still attended when they required the services of a physician. The Pontelliers were among these.% Mr. Pontellier found the Doctor reading at the open window of his study. His house stood rather far back from the street, in the center of a delightful garden, so that it was quiet and peaceful at the old gentleman's study window. He was a great reader. He stared up disapprovingly over his eye-glasses as Mr. Pontellier entered, wondering who had the temerity to disturb him at that hour of the morning. "Ah, Pontellier! Not sick, I hope. Come and have a seat. What news do you bring this morning?" He was quite portly, with a profusion of gray hair, and small blue eyes which age had robbed of much of their brightness but none of their penetration. "Oh! I'm never sick, Doctor. You know that I come of tough fiber--of that old

Thesaurus disapprovingly: (adv) reproachfully, disdainfully, unenthusiastically, unhelpfully, harmfully, pessimistically, unconstructively, depressingly, critically, unsympathetically, scornfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) favorably, positively, hopefully, affectionately, respectfully, helpfully. laurels: (n) honor, laurel, accolade, fame, garland, award, trophy, decoration, glory, citation,

glorification. ANTONYMS: (n) dishonor, criticism. physician: (n) doctor, medico, doc, medic, quack, surgeon, leech, houseman, MD, allergist, intern. portly: (adj) plump, stout, corpulent, heavy, obese, chubby, fleshy, overweight; (adj, adv) burly, stately; (adv) plumply. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) thin, slim; (adj) skinny. profusion: (n) opulence, abundance, prodigality, plenty, excess,

cornucopia, plenitude, profuseness, copiousness, exuberance; (adj) amplitude. ANTONYMS: (n) insufficiency, scarcity. robbed: (adj) plundered, rubato, fleeced, borrowed, bereft. temerity: (n) nerve, effrontery, hardihood, boldness, rashness, imprudence, audaciousness, carelessness, assurance, indiscretion, venturesomeness. ANTONYMS: (n) caution, care, reticence.

114

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

Creole race of Pontelliers that dry up and finally blow away. I came to consult-no, not precisely to consult--to talk to you about Edna. I don't know what ails her." "Madame Pontellier not well," marveled the Doctor. "Why, I saw her--I think it was a week ago--walking along Canal Street, the picture of health, it seemed to me." "Yes, yes; she seems quite well," said Mr. Pontellier, leaning forward and whirling his stick between his two hands; "but she doesn't act well. She's odd, she's not like herself. I can't make her out, and I thought perhaps you'd help me." "How does she act?" inquired the Doctor.% "Well, it isn't easy to explain," said Mr. Pontellier, throwing himself back in his chair. "She lets the housekeeping go to the dickens." "Well, well; women are not all alike, my dear Pontellier. We've got to consider--" "I know that; I told you I couldn't explain. Her whole attitude--toward me and everybody and everything--has changed. You know I have a quick temper, but I don't want to quarrel or be rude to a woman, especially my wife; yet I'm driven to it, and feel like ten thousand devils after I've made a fool of myself. She's making it devilishly uncomfortable for me," he went on nervously. "She's got some sort of notion in her head concerning the eternal rights of women; and-you understand--we meet in the morning at the breakfast table." The old gentleman lifted his shaggy eyebrows, protruded his thick nether lip, and tapped the arms of his chair with his cushioned fingertips. "What have you been doing to her, Pontellier?" "Doing! Parbleu!" "Has she," asked the Doctor, with a smile, "has she been associating of late with a circle of pseudo-intellectual women--super-spiritual superior beings? My wife has been telling me about them."

Thesaurus associating: (n) connection, reference. restlessly, timorously, skittishly, feud, brawl, row, altercation, argue, cushioned: (adj) spongy, cushiony. conflict, squabble; (n) dissension, excitedly, neurotically, devilishly: (adv) diabolically, apprehensively. ANTONYMS: (adv) difference. ANTONYMS: (n) satanically, infernally, devilish, confidently, boldly, fearlessly, agreement, reconciliation, acceptance, concord, consensus; (v) hellishly, demoniacally, madly, unconcernedly, nonchalantly, wickedly; (adj, adv) deucedly; (adj) trustingly. agree. nether: (adj) lower, inferior, down, shaggy: (adj) bushy, hirsute, hairy, desperately, confoundedly. devils: (n) unclean spirits. low, chthonic, chthonian, infernal, bearded, shagged, pilous, brushy, housekeeping: (n) housewifery, subjacent, less, lesser; (adj, adv) unkempt, hispid; (adj, n) ragged; (n) rugged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sleek, household, domestic science. under. nervously: (adv) edgily, anxiously, protruded: (adj) extant, outstanding. tidy. quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v) fight, women: (n) sex, gentle sex. timidly, worriedly, uneasily,

Kate Chopin

115

"That's the trouble," broke in Mr. Pontellier, "she hasn't been associating with any one. She has abandoned her Tuesdays at home, has thrown over all her acquaintances, and goes tramping about by herself, moping in the street-cars, getting in after dark. I tell you she's peculiar. I don't like it; I feel a little worried over it." This was a new aspect for the Doctor. "Nothing hereditary?" he asked, seriously. "Nothing peculiar about her family antecedents, is there?" "Oh, no, indeed! She comes of sound old Presbyterian Kentucky stock. The old gentleman, her father, I have heard, used to atone for his weekday sins with his Sunday devotions. I know for a fact, that his race horses literally ran away with the prettiest bit of Kentucky farming land I ever laid eyes upon. Margaret-you know Margaret--she has all the Presbyterianism undiluted. And the youngest is something of a vixen. By the way, she gets married in a couple of weeks from now." "Send your wife up to the wedding," exclaimed the Doctor, foreseeing a happy solution. "Let her stay among her own people for a while; it will do her good." "That's what I want her to do. She won't go to the marriage. She says a wedding is one of the most lamentable spectacles on earth. Nice thing for a woman to say to her husband!" exclaimed Mr. Pontellier, fuming anew at the recollection.% "Pontellier," said the Doctor, after a moment's reflection, "let your wife alone for a while. Don't bother her, and don't let her bother you. Woman, my dear friend, is a very peculiar and delicate organism--a sensitive and highly organized woman, such as I know Mrs. Pontellier to be, is especially peculiar. It would require an inspired psychologist to deal successfully with them. And when ordinary fellows like you and me attempt to cope with their idiosyncrasies the result is bungling. Most women are moody and whimsical. This is some passing whim of your wife, due to some cause or causes which you and I needn't try to fathom. But it will pass happily over, especially if you let her alone. Send her around to see me."

Thesaurus antecedents: (n) history, colony. prospicience, prevision, forecast; (v) atone: (v) satisfy, pay, propitiate, foresee; (adj) prevoyant, conscious indemnify, compensate, make up, beforehand. recoup, apologize, abye, aby, repent. lamentable: (adj) grievous, pitiful, ANTONYM: (v) forfeit. distressing, sad, dismal, sorrowful, bungling: (adj) clumsy, maladroit, piteous, unfortunate, lugubrious; (adj, v) pitiable, mournful. ANTONYMS: incompetent, gawky, unskilled, (adj) laudable, fortunate. bumbling, inept, ungainly, moping: (adj) moody, gloomy, huffy, bunglesome, untrained, unproductive. ANTONYMS: (adj) melancholy, moldy, fusty, morose, dull; (v) mopish, mumpish. competent, efficient. foreseeing: (n) foresight, anticipation, tramping: (adj) moving.

undiluted: (adj) straight, neat, sheer, uncorrupted, untainted, strong, uncompounded, sterilized, unmitigated, unmixed, unpolluted. ANTONYMS: (adj) diluted, tainted. vixen: (adj, n) shrew; (n) virago, termagant, fury, harpy, hag, fox, reynard, hellcat, hart, harpy eagle. weekday: (n) working day, Tuesday, sat, Saturday, day of the week, feria, Th, Friday, Thursday, Monday; (adj) ferial.

116

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"Oh! I couldn't do that; there'd be no reason for it," objected Mr. Pontellier.% "Then I'll go around and see her," said the Doctor. "I'll drop in to dinner some evening en bon ami. "Do! by all means," urged Mr. Pontellier. "What evening will you come? Say Thursday. Will you come Thursday?" he asked, rising to take his leave. "Very well; Thursday. My wife may possibly have some engagement for me Thursday. In case she has, I shall let you know. Otherwise, you may expect me." Mr. Pontellier turned before leaving to say: "I am going to New York on business very soon. I have a big scheme on hand, and want to be on the field proper to pull the ropes and handle the ribbons. We'll let you in on the inside if you say so, Doctor," he laughed. "No, I thank you, my dear sir," returned the Doctor. "I leave such ventures to you younger men with the fever of life still in your blood." "What I wanted to say," continued Mr. Pontellier, with his hand on the knob; "I may have to be absent a good while. Would you advise me to take Edna along?" "By all means, if she wishes to go. If not, leave her here. Don't contradict her. The mood will pass, I assure you. It may take a month, two, three months-possibly longer, but it will pass; have patience." "Well, good-by, a jeudi, " said Mr. Pontellier, as he let himself out. The Doctor would have liked during the course of conversation to ask, "Is there any man in the case?" but he knew his Creole too well to make such a blunder as that. He did not resume his book immediately, but sat for a while meditatively looking out into the garden.

Thesaurus assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch; reinforce. broodily, musefully. ANTONYMS: (v) secure, persuade, satisfy, reassure, fever: (n) malaria, delirium, pyrexia, (adv) unthinkingly, rashly. affirm, promise, ascertain; (adj, v) resume: (v) restart, regain, summarize, heat, frenzy, feverishness, febricity, ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) alarm, Bilious typhoid fever, Levant fever, continue, revert, adopt, recapitulate; disclaim, deny, disbelieve, Hectic infantile fever, Typhoid fever. (n, v) outline; (n) digest, synopsis, knob: (n) button, swelling, hump, summary. ANTONYMS: (v) undermine. contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie, knop, protuberance, grip, nub, lump, abandon, suspend, die, discontinue, node, bump; (adj, n) bulb. conflict, confute, controvert, expand. meditatively: (adv) thoughtfully, ropes: (n) weight, pressure, leverage, contravene, disprove, refute, invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS: (v) reflectively, wistfully, musingly, form, authority, dealings, control, agree, match, correspond, approve, contemplatively, ponderingly, influence. corroborate, prove, support, ruminatively, broodingly, thinkingly,

Kate Chopin

117

XXIII

Edna's father was in the city, and had been with them several days. She was not very warmly or deeply attached to him, but they had certain tastes in common, and when together they were companionable. His coming was in the nature of a welcome disturbance; it seemed to furnish a new direction for her emotions.% He had come to purchase a wedding gift for his daughter, Janet, and an outfit for himself in which he might make a creditable appearance at her marriage. Mr. Pontellier had selected the bridal gift, as every one immediately connected with him always deferred to his taste in such matters. And his suggestions on the question of dress--which too often assumes the nature of a problemwere of inestimable value to his father-in-law. But for the past few days the old gentleman had been upon Edna's hands, and in his society she was becoming acquainted with a new set of sensations. He had been a colonel in the Confederate army, and still maintained, with the title, the military bearing which had always accompanied it. His hair and mustache were white and silky, emphasizing the rugged bronze of his face. He was tall and thin, and wore his coats padded, which gave a fictitious breadth and depth to his shoulders and chest. Edna and her father looked very distinguished together, and excited a good deal of notice during their perambulations. Upon his arrival she began by introducing him to her atelier and making a sketch of him. He took the whole

Thesaurus acquainted: (adj) knowledgeable, informed, aware, cognizant, conversant, hand and glove, intimate, thick; (adv) abreast; (v) inform, acquaint. bridal: (adj, v) spousal; (adj, n) wedding; (n) nuptials, matrimony, espousal, hymen, marriage ceremony, adoption, betrothal; (v) hymeneal; (adj) marriage. ANTONYM: (adj) unmarried. companionable: (adj) sociable, affable,

convivial, gregarious, cordial, discreditable, lamentable, poor, clubbable, congenial, friendly, jovial, blameworthy. genial, cosey. ANTONYMS: (adj) inestimable: (adj) incalculable, nasty, antagonistic, cold, unfriendly, immeasurable, invaluable, infinite, different, frosty, shy, hostile. priceless, incomputable, valuable, creditable: (adj, v) reputable, precious, untold, costly, beyond respectable; (adj, n) meritorious; (adj) measure. ANTONYMS: (adj) praiseworthy, laudable, worthy, worthless, slight, minor, limited. admirable, believable; (n) estimable, mustache: (n) mustachio, mastax, dignity; (v) up to the mark. moustachio, beard, whisker, ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, whiskers, toothbrush, hair, handlebar disrespected, disgraceful, mustache, body hair, facial hair.

118

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

matter very seriously. If her talent had been ten-fold greater than it was, it would not have surprised him, convinced as he was that he had bequeathed to all of his daughters the germs of a masterful capability, which only depended upon their own efforts to be directed toward successful achievement.% Before her pencil he sat rigid and unflinching, as he had faced the cannon's mouth in days gone by. He resented the intrusion of the children, who gaped with wondering eyes at him, sitting so stiff up there in their mother's bright atelier. When they drew near he motioned them away with an expressive action of the foot, loath to disturb the fixed lines of his countenance, his arms, or his rigid shoulders. Edna, anxious to entertain him, invited Mademoiselle Reisz to meet him, having promised him a treat in her piano playing; but Mademoiselle declined the invitation. So together they attended a soiree musicale at the Ratignolles'. Monsieur and Madame Ratignolle made much of the Colonel, installing him as the guest of honor and engaging him at once to dine with them the following Sunday, or any day which he might select. Madame coquetted with him in the most captivating and naive manner, with eyes, gestures, and a profusion of compliments, till the Colonel's old head felt thirty years younger on his padded shoulders. Edna marveled, not comprehending. She herself was almost devoid of coquetry. There were one or two men whom she observed at the soiree musicale; but she would never have felt moved to any kittenish display to attract their notice-to any feline or feminine wiles to express herself toward them. Their personality attracted her in an agreeable way. Her fancy selected them, and she was glad when a lull in the music gave them an opportunity to meet her and talk with her. Often on the street the glance of strange eyes had lingered in her memory, and sometimes had disturbed her. Mr. Pontellier did not attend these soirees musicales. He considered them bourgeois, and found more diversion at the club. To Madame Ratignolle he said the music dispensed at her soirees was too "heavy," too far beyond his untrained comprehension. His excuse flattered her. But she disapproved of Mr.

Thesaurus coquetry: (v) captation, discredit. masterly, Masterful beggar, skillful, kittenish: (adj) playful, frolicsome, obsequiousness, sentimentalism, proficient, adept, perfect, expert. ANTONYMS: (adj) incompetent, sycophancy, mock modesty, babyish, boyish, girlish, childish, minauderie, toadeating, flunkeyism, coquettish, cute, sporting, coy. meek, inept. prudery; (n) dalliance, invitation. ANTONYM: (adj) serious. unflinching: (adj) resolute, steadfast, honor: (n, v) respect, reputation, glory, loath: (adj) unwilling, disinclined, undaunted, firm, unfaltering, fame, reward; (n) award, accolade, reluctant, loth, indisposed, backward, determined, dauntless, intrepid, reverence; (v) celebrate; (adj, n, v) hesitant, antipathetic, antipathetical, undeviating, constant, unswerving. worship, grace. ANTONYMS: (n, v) loathe, shy of. ANTONYMS: (adj) wiles: (n) deception, trickery, slyness, dishonor, disgrace; (n) shame, eager, willing, disposed, keen. point of view, influence, deviousness, humiliation, wickedness, contempt, masterful: (adj) consummate, urging, deceitfulness, deceit, insult; (v) break, ignore, disrespect, imperious, dictatorial, overbearing, cunning, craftiness.

Kate Chopin

119

Pontellier's club, and she was frank enough to tell Edna so.% "It's a pity Mr. Pontellier doesn't stay home more in the evenings. I think you would be more--well, if you don't mind my saying it--more united, if he did." "Oh! dear no!" said Edna, with a blank look in her eyes. "What should I do if he stayed home? We wouldn't have anything to say to each other." She had not much of anything to say to her father, for that matter; but he did not antagonize her. She discovered that he interested her, though she realized that he might not interest her long; and for the first time in her life she felt as if she were thoroughly acquainted with him. He kept her busy serving him and ministering to his wants. It amused her to do so. She would not permit a servant or one of the children to do anything for him which she might do herself. Her husband noticed, and thought it was the expression of a deep filial attachment which he had never suspected. The Colonel drank numerous "toddies" during the course of the day, which left him, however, imperturbed. He was an expert at concocting strong drinks. He had even invented some, to which he had given fantastic names, and for whose manufacture he required diverse ingredients that it devolved upon Edna to procure for him. When Doctor Mandelet dined with the Pontelliers on Thursday he could discern in Mrs. Pontellier no trace of that morbid condition which her husband had reported to him. She was excited and in a manner radiant. She and her father had been to the race course, and their thoughts when they seated themselves at table were still occupied with the events of the afternoon, and their talk was still of the track. The Doctor had not kept pace with turf affairs. He had certain recollections of racing in what he called "the good old times" when the Lecompte stables flourished, and he drew upon this fund of memories so that he might not be left out and seem wholly devoid of the modern spirit. But he failed to impose upon the Colonel, and was even far from impressing him with this trumped-up knowledge of bygone days. Edna had staked her father on his last venture, with the most gratifying results to both of them. Besides, they had met some very charming people, according to the Colonel's impressions. Mrs.

Thesaurus antagonize: (v) antagonise, resist, counteract, anger, contravene, dispute, rile, run afoul of, vex, go dead against, rag. ANTONYMS: (v) befriend, soothe. bygone: (adj) ancient, former, gone, obsolete, outmoded, previous, archaic, old, late; (n) preterite, antique. ANTONYMS: (adj) future, current, coming, modern. filial: (adj) dutiful. gratifying: (adj) agreeable, pleasant,

enjoyable, delightful, pleasurable, rewarding, welcome, satisfying, nice; (adj, v) grateful; (v) gratify. ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointing, unwelcome, unrewarding, frustrating, disagreeable, heartbreaking, annoying, unpleasant. morbid: (adj) diseased, gruesome, macabre, corrupt, pathologic, unwholesome, peccant, sick, unhealthy, pathological; (adj, v) sickly.

procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn, win, gain, have, purchase, induce, derive, find. ANTONYM: (v) give. radiant: (adj, v) bright, glittering, lustrous, beamy, glorious; (adj) beaming, luminous, effulgent, lucid, glowing, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, dark, pale, unhappy. trumped-up: (adj) fictitious. turf: (n) sward, greensward, ground, grass, field, peat, lawn, green, divot, Corso, race course.

120

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

Mortimer Merriman and Mrs. James Highcamp, who were there with Alcee Arobin, had joined them and had enlivened the hours in a fashion that warmed him to think of.% Mr. Pontellier himself had no particular leaning toward horseracing, and was even rather inclined to discourage it as a pastime, especially when he considered the fate of that blue-grass farm in Kentucky. He endeavored, in a general way, to express a particular disapproval, and only succeeded in arousing the ire and opposition of his father-in-law. A pretty dispute followed, in which Edna warmly espoused her father's cause and the Doctor remained neutral. He observed his hostess attentively from under his shaggy brows, and noted a subtle change which had transformed her from the listless woman he had known into a being who, for the moment, seemed palpitant with the forces of life. Her speech was warm and energetic. There was no repression in her glance or gesture. She reminded him of some beautiful, sleek animal waking up in the sun. The dinner was excellent. The claret was warm and the champagne was cold, and under their beneficent influence the threatened unpleasantness melted and vanished with the fumes of the wine. Mr. Pontellier warmed up and grew reminiscent. He told some amusing plantation experiences, recollections of old Iberville and his youth, when he hunted `possum in company with some friendly darky; thrashed the pecan trees, shot the grosbec, and roamed the woods and fields in mischievous idleness. The Colonel, with little sense of humor and of the fitness of things, related a somber episode of those dark and bitter days, in which he had acted a conspicuous part and always formed a central figure. Nor was the Doctor happier in his selection, when he told the old, ever new and curious story of the waning of a woman's love, seeking strange, new channels, only to return to its legitimate source after days of fierce unrest. It was one of the many little human documents which had been unfolded to him during his long career as a physician. The story did not seem especially to impress Edna. She had one of her own to tell, of a woman who paddled away with her lover one night in a pirogue

Thesaurus darky: (n) darkey, blackamoor, black person, nigger, Negroid, Negro, black. enlivened: (adj) bouncy, active, spirited, alive, bouncing. listless: (adj) indifferent, dull, indolent, careless, languid, inert, inattentive, dispirited, slow, uninterested, spiritless. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively, animated, energetic, strong, spirited. palpitant: (adj) fluttering, trembling,

aflare, flittering, flying, unsteady, flaring, uneasy. pecan: (n) wood, nut tree, edible nut, pecan tree. somber: (adj) gloomy, melancholy, solemn, dull, grave, drab, sober, dark, sullen, dim, dismal. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, funny, cheery, frivolous, fussy. unpleasantness: (n) nastiness, disagreeableness, horridness, unkindness, awfulness, odiousness,

discomfort, disagreeable, spite, offensiveness; (adj, n) ugliness. ANTONYMS: (n) straightforwardness, kindness, deliciousness, delightfulness, politeness, attractiveness. waning: (n) decrease, decline, lessening, ebb, failure; (adj) run to seed, ripe, mellow, diminishing, abating, moribund. ANTONYMS: (adj) growing, thriving, waxing, increasing; (n) improvement.

Kate Chopin

121

and never came back. They were lost amid the Baratarian Islands, and no one ever heard of them or found trace of them from that day to this. It was a pure invention. She said that Madame Antoine had related it to her. That, also, was an invention. Perhaps it was a dream she had had. But every glowing word seemed real to those who listened. They could feel the hot breath of the Southern night; they could hear the long sweep of the pirogue through the glistening moonlit water, the beating of birds' wings, rising startled from among the reeds in the salt-water pools; they could see the faces of the lovers, pale, close together, rapt in oblivious forgetfulness, drifting into the unknown.% The champagne was cold, and its subtle fumes played fantastic tricks with Edna's memory that night. Outside, away from the glow of the fire and the soft lamplight, the night was chill and murky. The Doctor doubled his old-fashioned cloak across his breast as he strode home through the darkness. He knew his fellow-creatures better than most men; knew that inner life which so seldom unfolds itself to unanointed eyes. He was sorry he had accepted Pontellier's invitation. He was growing old, and beginning to need rest and an imperturbed spirit. He did not want the secrets of other lives thrust upon him. "I hope it isn't Arobin," he muttered to himself as he walked. "I hope to heaven it isn't Alcee Arobin."

Thesaurus cloak: (n, v) veil, mask, camouflage, wrap, masquerade, screen, pall; (n) cape; (v) conceal, dissemble, hide. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, uncloak, unmask; (n, v) uncover. forgetfulness: (n) neglect, amnesia, obliviousness, inattention, memory loss, omission, unknowingness, unawareness, Lethe, carelessness, loss of memory. ANTONYMS: (n) awareness, concentration, remembering, attention.

fumes: (n) gas, exhaust, exhaust oblivious: (adj) careless, inattentive, fumes, smokes, smog, vapor, mindless, heedless, neglectful, exhalation, steam, smoke, toxic unaware, ignorant, unwitting, waste, contamination. Lethean, deaf, blind. ANTONYMS: glistening: (adj) shining, glossy, shiny, (adj) aware, watchful, mindful, glisten, brilliant, beaming, sleek, careful, sharp. rapt: (adj) engrossed, intent, ecstatic, lustrous, sparkling, reflecting light, gleaming. ANTONYM: (adj) dull. preoccupied, spellbound, captive, murky: (adj) dark, gloomy, cloudy, enthralled, attentive, fixed, enwrapped; (v) engrossed in. dusky, dingy, misty, dim, muddy, ANTONYMS: (adj) detached, opaque, dirty, black. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, light, obvious, sunny. inattentive, uninterested, bored.

Kate Chopin

123

XXIV

Edna and her father had a warm, and almost violent dispute upon the subject of her refusal to attend her sister's wedding. Mr. Pontellier declined to interfere, to interpose either his influence or his authority. He was following Doctor Mandelet's advice, and letting her do as she liked. The Colonel reproached his daughter for her lack of filial kindness and respect, her want of sisterly affection and womanly consideration. His arguments were labored and unconvincing. He doubted if Janet would accept any excuse--forgetting that Edna had offered none. He doubted if Janet would ever speak to her again, and he was sure Margaret would not.% Edna was glad to be rid of her father when he finally took himself off with his wedding garments and his bridal gifts, with his padded shoulders, his Bible reading, his "toddies" and ponderous oaths. Mr. Pontellier followed him closely. He meant to stop at the wedding on his way to New York and endeavor by every means which money and love could devise to atone somewhat for Edna's incomprehensible action. "You are too lenient, too lenient by far, Leonce," asserted the Colonel. "Authority, coercion are what is needed. Put your foot down good and hard; the only way to manage a wife. Take my word for it." The Colonel was perhaps unaware that he had coerced his own wife into her

Thesaurus coerced: (adj) bound. coercion: (n) force, compulsion, duress, pressure, restraint, threat, terrorism, extortion, enforcement, intimidation, violence. ANTONYMS: (n) wish, volition, liberty. endeavor: (n, v) struggle, try, strain; (n) effort, trial, essay, shot, enterprise, work; (v) strive, aim. ANTONYMS: (n, v) neglect. interpose: (v) interject, insert, interpolate, intercede, intervene,

meddle, intrude, tamper, step in, butt hardhearted. in; (adj, v) intermeddle. sisterly: (adj) sororal, fatherly, labored: (adj) elaborate, strained, motherly, sisterlike. ANTONYM: (adj) brotherly. laborious, heavy, arduous, hard, unconvincing: (adj) weak, artificial, laboured, awkward, unnatural, studied. ANTONYM: (adj) unbelievable, improbable, easy. implausible, feeble, unlikely, lenient: (adj) gracious, indulgent, inconclusive, lame, unpersuasive, flimsy, farfetched. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, clement, compassionate, easygoing, forbearing, forgiving, forceful, influential, persuasive, easy, kind, soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, decisive, conclusive, effective, severe, harsh, unforgiving, impatient, good, ordinary.

124

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

grave. Mr. Pontellier had a vague suspicion of it which he thought it needless to mention at that late day.% Edna was not so consciously gratified at her husband's leaving home as she had been over the departure of her father. As the day approached when he was to leave her for a comparatively long stay, she grew melting and affectionate, remembering his many acts of consideration and his repeated expressions of an ardent attachment. She was solicitous about his health and his welfare. She bustled around, looking after his clothing, thinking about heavy underwear, quite as Madame Ratignolle would have done under similar circumstances. She cried when he went away, calling him her dear, good friend, and she was quite certain she would grow lonely before very long and go to join him in New York. But after all, a radiant peace settled upon her when she at last found herself alone. Even the children were gone. Old Madame Pontellier had come herself and carried them off to Iberville with their quadroon. The old madame did not venture to say she was afraid they would be neglected during Leonce's absence; she hardly ventured to think so. She was hungry for them--even a little fierce in her attachment. She did not want them to be wholly "children of the pavement," she always said when begging to have them for a space. She wished them to know the country, with its streams, its fields, its woods, its freedom, so delicious to the young. She wished them to taste something of the life their father had lived and known and loved when he, too, was a little child. When Edna was at last alone, she breathed a big, genuine sigh of relief. A feeling that was unfamiliar but very delicious came over her. She walked all through the house, from one room to another, as if inspecting it for the first time. She tried the various chairs and lounges, as if she had never sat and reclined upon them before. And she perambulated around the outside of the house, investigating, looking to see if windows and shutters were secure and in order. The flowers were like new acquaintances; she approached them in a familiar spirit, and made herself at home among them. The garden walks were damp, and Edna called to the maid to bring out her rubber sandals. And there she stayed, and stooped, digging around the plants, trimming, picking dead, dry

Thesaurus acquaintances: (n) associates. ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, cool, liquefaction, fusion range; (adj) affectionate: (adj) fond, tender, kind, liquescent, pathetic; (adj, n) unenthusiastic, traitorous, mild, mild, devoted, ardent, warm, cordial, frigid, dispassionate, cold, disloyal, dissolving. caring, brotherly; (adj, adv) fatherly. sandals: (n) beach sandals, thongs. impassive, calm. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, callous, begging: (n) mendicancy, request, solicitous: (adj) eager, attentive, plea; (v) asking, beg; (adj) beseeching, apprehensive, careful, anxious, undemonstrative, aloof, cool, disapproving, reserved, antagonistic, entreating, mendicant, imploring, jealous, considerate, avid, thoughtful, fervent; (n) desirous. ANTONYMS: paternal, rough. suppliant, vagabond. ardent: (adj, n) enthusiastic, glowing; inspecting: (n) inspection; (v) inspect; (adj) uncaring, serene, thoughtless. (adj, v) burning, fervent, (adj) curious, inspective. trimming: (n) decoration, dressing, impassioned; (adj) keen, vehement, melting: (n) thawing, fusion, melt, adornment, ornament, fringe, border, eager, warm, acute, fervid. dissolution, warming, thaw, clipping, cutting, frill, edging, lace.

Kate Chopin

125

leaves. The children's little dog came out, interfering, getting in her way. She scolded him, laughed at him, played with him. The garden smelled so good and looked so pretty in the afternoon sunlight. Edna plucked all the bright flowers she could find, and went into the house with them, she and the little dog.% Even the kitchen assumed a sudden interesting character which she had never before perceived. She went in to give directions to the cook, to say that the butcher would have to bring much less meat, that they would require only half their usual quantity of bread, of milk and groceries. She told the cook that she herself would be greatly occupied during Mr. Pontellier's absence, and she begged her to take all thought and responsibility of the larder upon her own shoulders. That night Edna dined alone. The candelabra, with a few candies in the center of the table, gave all the light she needed. Outside the circle of light in which she sat, the large dining-room looked solemn and shadowy. The cook, placed upon her mettle, served a delicious repast--a luscious tenderloin broiled a point. The wine tasted good; the marron glace seemed to be just what she wanted. It was so pleasant, too, to dine in a comfortable peignoir. She thought a little sentimentally about Leonce and the children, and wondered what they were doing. As she gave a dainty scrap or two to the doggie, she talked intimately to him about Etienne and Raoul. He was beside himself with astonishment and delight over these companionable advances, and showed his appreciation by his little quick, snappy barks and a lively agitation. Then Edna sat in the library after dinner and read Emerson until she grew sleepy. She realized that she had neglected her reading, and determined to start anew upon a course of improving studies, now that her time was completely her own to do with as she liked. After a refreshing bath, Edna went to bed. And as she snuggled comfortably beneath the eiderdown a sense of restfulness invaded her, such as she had not known before.

Thesaurus candelabra: (n) candlestick, provender, stowage, stillroom, chandelier, sconce, electrolier, commissariat, spence. mettle: (n) heart, courage, spunk, branched candlestick, gaselier. doggie: (n) barker, dog, pooch. fortitude, guts, character, spirit, eiderdown: (n) duvet, quilt, bravery, valor, boldness; (adj, n) continental quilt, antimacassar, pluck. restfulness: (n) tranquility, rest, pillowslip, numdah, pillowcase, comforter, down. softness, comfort, ease, inactiveness, glace: (adj) sleek, crystalized, glossy, inactivity, inertia, lightness, lustrous, shiny, slippery, crystallized. mellowness, quietness. ANTONYM: larder: (n) storeroom, pantry, food, (n) harshness. sentimentally: (adv) romanticly, victuals, viands, provisions,

romantically, gushingly, mushily, slushily, effusively, softly, maudlinly, silly, tenderly, mawkishly. snappy: (adj) racy, sprightly, quick, smart, brisk, crisp, live, lively, animated, energetic, vigorous. ANTONYM: (adj) slovenly. snuggled: (n) contraband goods. tenderloin: (n) combat zone, cut of meat, city district, combat area, cut, beef tenderloin, haunch, loin, pork tenderloin, side, skid row.

Kate Chopin

127

XXV

When the weather was dark and cloudy Edna could not work. She needed the sun to mellow and temper her mood to the sticking point. She had reached a stage when she seemed to be no longer feeling her way, working, when in the humor, with sureness and ease. And being devoid of ambition, and striving not toward accomplishment, she drew satisfaction from the work in itself.% On rainy or melancholy days Edna went out and sought the society of the friends she had made at Grand Isle. Or else she stayed indoors and nursed a mood with which she was becoming too familiar for her own comfort and peace of mind. It was not despair; but it seemed to her as if life were passing by, leaving its promise broken and unfulfilled. Yet there were other days when she listened, was led on and deceived by fresh promises which her youth held out to her. She went again to the races, and again. Alcee Arobin and Mrs. Highcamp called for her one bright afternoon in Arobin's drag. Mrs. Highcamp was a worldly but unaffected, intelligent, slim, tall blonde woman in the forties, with an indifferent manner and blue eyes that stared. She had a daughter who served her as a pretext for cultivating the society of young men of fashion. Alcee Arobin was one of them. He was a familiar figure at the race course, the opera, the fashionable clubs. There was a perpetual smile in his eyes, which seldom

Thesaurus accomplishment: (n) attainment, v) low spirits; (n) gloominess, pluvious, stormy, juicy, dirty, soppy, depression. ANTONYMS: (n) raining, drizzly; (adj, v) showery. completion, exploit, performance, deed, skill, fulfillment, feat, action, happiness, cheerfulness, hopefulness, ANTONYM: (adj) pleasant. act, acquisition. ANTONYMS: (n) optimism; (adj) happy, bright, cheery, sureness: (n) confidence, certainty, abandonment, washout, flop, satisfied. firmness, faith, steadiness, mellow: (adj, v) ripe, mollify, smooth, debacle, defeat. conviction, authority, security, trust, cultivating: (adj) educating, taming, soften; (adj) gentle, luscious, mild, dominance, sanction. ANTONYM: soft, juicy; (v) melt, ripen. (n) uncertainty. humanizing, calming. deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, frantic, unfulfilled: (adj) wanting, melancholy: (adj, v) dreary; (adj, n) fresh, bright, strict, young, frenetic. unsuccessful, unsatisfied, unrealized, gloom, melancholic; (adj) depressed, nursed: (adj) care, suckled. unrealised, unhappy, dissatisfied, dejected, dismal, gloomy, doleful; (n, rainy: (adj) moist, pluvial, damp, displeased, discontented.

128

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

failed to awaken a corresponding cheerfulness in any one who looked into them and listened to his good-humored voice. His manner was quiet, and at times a little insolent. He possessed a good figure, a pleasing face, not overburdened with depth of thought or feeling; and his dress was that of the conventional man of fashion.% He admired Edna extravagantly, after meeting her at the races with her father. He had met her before on other occasions, but she had seemed to him unapproachable until that day. It was at his instigation that Mrs. Highcamp called to ask her to go with them to the Jockey Club to witness the turf event of the season. There were possibly a few track men out there who knew the race horse as well as Edna, but there was certainly none who knew it better. She sat between her two companions as one having authority to speak. She laughed at Arobin's pretensions, and deplored Mrs. Highcamp's ignorance. The race horse was a friend and intimate associate of her childhood. The atmosphere of the stables and the breath of the blue grass paddock revived in her memory and lingered in her nostrils. She did not perceive that she was talking like her father as the sleek geldings ambled in review before them. She played for very high stakes, and fortune favored her. The fever of the game flamed in her cheeks and eves, and it got into her blood and into her brain like an intoxicant. People turned their heads to look at her, and more than one lent an attentive car to her utterances, hoping thereby to secure the elusive but ever-desired "tip." Arobin caught the contagion of excitement which drew him to Edna like a magnet. Mrs. Highcamp remained, as usual, unmoved, with her indifferent stare and uplifted eyebrows. Edna stayed and dined with Mrs. Highcamp upon being urged to do so. Arobin also remained and sent away his drag. The dinner was quiet and uninteresting, save for the cheerful efforts of Arobin to enliven things. Mrs. Highcamp deplored the absence of her daughter from the races, and tried to convey to her what she had missed by going to the "Dante reading" instead of joining them. The girl held a geranium leaf up to her nose and said nothing, but looked knowing and noncommittal. Mr. Highcamp

Thesaurus contagion: (n) plague, contagious (n) rose geranium, storksbill, herb, incommunicative, reserved, disease, taint, transmission, fish geranium. uncertain, unrevealing. ANTONYM: contamination, disease, conduction, good-humored: (adj) affable, cheerful, (adj) definite. overburdened: (adj) burdened, loaded pest, corruption, pollution, grippe. good-natured, pleasant, sweet, favored: (adj) advantaged, preferred, funny, amicable, congenial, mild, down, full of, heavy, weighed down. unapproachable: (adj) aloof, distant, lucky, advantageous, pet, favorite, obliging. blessed, privileged, favorable; (adj, n) intoxicant: (n) alcohol, inebriant, remote, interminable, unreachable, happy, prosperous. ANTONYMS: drink, liquor, alcoholic beverage, immeasurable, incalculable, (adj) disliked, unpopular, Standard. hooch, cider, cyder, brewage; (adj) inexhaustible, illimitable, geranium: (adj) asphodel, buttercup, heady, intoxicating. innumerable, out of reach. noncommittal: (adj) neutral, guarded, ANTONYMS: (adj) accessible, anemone, ranunculus, rhododendron, windflower, day lily; restrained, vague, unclear, discreet, friendly, easy, affable.

Kate Chopin

129

was a plain, bald-headed man, who only talked under compulsion. He was unresponsive. Mrs. Highcamp was full of delicate courtesy and consideration toward her husband. She addressed most of her conversation to him at table. They sat in the library after dinner and read the evening papers together under the droplight; while the younger people went into the drawing-room near by and talked. Miss Highcamp played some selections from Grieg upon the piano. She seemed to have apprehended all of the composer's coldness and none of his poetry. While Edna listened she could not help wondering if she had lost her taste for music.% When the time came for her to go home, Mr. Highcamp grunted a lame offer to escort her, looking down at his slippered feet with tactless concern. It was Arobin who took her home. The car ride was long, and it was late when they reached Esplanade Street. Arobin asked permission to enter for a second to light his cigarette--his match safe was empty. He filled his match safe, but did not light his cigarette until he left her, after she had expressed her willingness to go to the races with him again. Edna was neither tired nor sleepy. She was hungry again, for the Highcamp dinner, though of excellent quality, had lacked abundance. She rummaged in the larder and brought forth a slice of Gruyere and some crackers. She opened a bottle of beer which she found in the icebox. Edna felt extremely restless and excited. She vacantly hummed a fantastic tune as she poked at the wood embers on the hearth and munched a cracker. She wanted something to happen--something, anything; she did not know what. She regretted that she had not made Arobin stay a half hour to talk over the horses with her. She counted the money she had won. But there was nothing else to do, so she went to bed, and tossed there for hours in a sort of monotonous agitation. In the middle of the night she remembered that she had forgotten to write her regular letter to her husband; and she decided to do so next day and tell him about her afternoon at the Jockey Club. She lay wide awake composing a letter which was nothing like the one which she wrote next day. When the maid

Thesaurus composing: (v) compose, comprise, constitute; (adj, v) component; (n) composition, arranging, arrangement, placement, makeup, constitution, manufacturing. cracker: (n) banger, biscuit, firecracker, firework, soda cracker, pyrotechnics, favor; (v) squib, popgun, gun, doughnut. embers: (v) cinder, ash, scoriae; (n) fire, ashes. icebox: (n) cooler, refrigerator, big

house, ice chest, icehouse, electric refrigerator, sentence, solitude; (adj) chilly, cold, frigid. races: (n) racing, athletics. tactless: (adj) impolitic, maladroit, clumsy, tasteless, indiscreet, indelicate, blunt, thoughtless, awkward, insensitive, inept. ANTONYMS: (adj) diplomatic, thoughtful, discreet, considerate, fitting, careful, tasteful, sensitive, urbane, appropriate, kind.

unresponsive: (adj) cold, apathetic, insensitive, unaffected, cool, dull, unreactive, chill, dead, unemotional, undemonstrative. ANTONYMS: (adj) enthusiastic, sympathetic, spirited, alive, sensitive, expressive, concerned, emotional. vacantly: (adj, adv) vacuously, expressionlessly, inanely; (adv) voidly, emptily, unoccupiedly, hollowly, unemployedly, thoughtlessly, freely, barely.

130

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

awoke her in the morning Edna was dreaming of Mr. Highcamp playing the piano at the entrance of a music store on Canal Street, while his wife was saying to Alcee Arobin, as they boarded an Esplanade Street car: "What a pity that so much talent has been neglected! but I must go." When, a few days later, Alcee Arobin again called for Edna in his drag, Mrs. Highcamp was not with him. He said they would pick her up. But as that lady had not been apprised of his intention of picking her up, she was not at home. The daughter was just leaving the house to attend the meeting of a branch Folk Lore Society, and regretted that she could not accompany them. Arobin appeared nonplused, and asked Edna if there were any one else she cared to ask.% She did not deem it worth while to go in search of any of the fashionable acquaintances from whom she had withdrawn herself. She thought of Madame Ratignolle, but knew that her fair friend did not leave the house, except to take a languid walk around the block with her husband after nightfall. Mademoiselle Reisz would have laughed at such a request from Edna. Madame Lebrun might have enjoyed the outing, but for some reason Edna did not want her. So they went alone, she and Arobin. The afternoon was intensely interesting to her. The excitement came back upon her like a remittent fever. Her talk grew familiar and confidential. It was no labor to become intimate with Arobin. His manner invited easy confidence. The preliminary stage of becoming acquainted was one which he always endeavored to ignore when a pretty and engaging woman was concerned. He stayed and dined with Edna. He stayed and sat beside the wood fire. They laughed and talked; and before it was time to go he was telling her how different life might have been if he had known her years before. With ingenuous frankness he spoke of what a wicked, ill-disciplined boy he had been, and impulsively drew up his cuff to exhibit upon his wrist the scar from a saber cut which he had received in a duel outside of Paris when he was nineteen. She touched his hand as she scanned the red cicatrice on the inside of his white wrist. A quick impulse that was somewhat spasmodic impelled her fingers to close in a

Thesaurus apprised: (adj) conscious, informed, familiar, knowledgeable. cicatrice: (n) cicatrix, callus, symptom, scar tissue, keloid. deem: (v) believe, assume, consider, count, hold, think, feel, view, suppose, regard, imagine. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard, doubt. impulsively: (adv) hastily, rashly, spontaneously, capriciously, suddenly, instinctively, intuitively, carelessly, precipitately, hotheadedly,

anxiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) late, predictably, deliberately, patiently, sensibly. ingenuous: (adj, n) frank; (adj) naive, guileless, honest, forthright, innocent, straight, artless, downright, green, hearty. ANTONYMS: (adj) disingenuous, dishonest, cunning, sophisticated, scheming, worldly, jaded, hesitant, experienced. invited: (adj) welcomer, wanted, cherished.

nonplused: (adj) at a loss, puzzled, perplexed; (n) graveled. remittent: (adj) decreased. saber: (n) cavalry sword, blade, sword, scimitar, falchion, dagger, cutlass, fencing sword; (v) cut, injure, stab. spasmodic: (adj) spastic, convulsive, intermittent, erratic, broken, irregular, sporadic, desultory, sudden, discontinuous; (v) inconsonant. ANTONYM: (adj) continuous.

Kate Chopin

131

sort of clutch upon his hand. He felt the pressure of her pointed nails in the flesh of his palm.% She arose hastily and walked toward the mantel. "The sight of a wound or scar always agitates and sickens me," she said. "I shouldn't have looked at it." "I beg your pardon," he entreated, following her; "it never occurred to me that it might be repulsive." He stood close to her, and the effrontery in his eyes repelled the old, vanishing self in her, yet drew all her awakening sensuousness. He saw enough in her face to impel him to take her hand and hold it while he said his lingering good night. "Will you go to the races again?" he asked. "No," she said. "I've had enough of the races. I don't want to lose all the money I've won, and I've got to work when the weather is bright, instead of--" "Yes; work; to be sure. You promised to show me your work. What morning may I come up to your atelier? To-morrow?" "No!" "Day after?" "No, no." "Oh, please don't refuse me! I know something of such things. I might help you with a stray suggestion or two." "No. Good night. Why don't you go after you have said good night? I don't like you," she went on in a high, excited pitch, attempting to draw away her hand. She felt that her words lacked dignity and sincerity, and she knew that he felt it. "I'm sorry you don't like me. I'm sorry I offended you. How have I offended you? What have I done? Can't you forgive me?" And he bent and pressed his lips upon her hand as if he wished never more to withdraw them. "Mr. Arobin," she complained, "I'm greatly upset by the excitement of the

Thesaurus awakening: (n) arousal, waking up, impel: (v) coerce, constrain, force, revival, disenchantment, carry, compel, goad, urge, stimulate, awakenment, introduction, actuate, animate, push. ANTONYMS: provocation; (adj) arousing, moving, (v) restrain, discourage, prevent. animating; (v) awake. ANTONYM: lingering: (adj) long, chronic, (n) suppression. extended, dilatory, protracted, effrontery: (n) audacity, brass, prolonged, residual, lengthy, inactive, dull; (n) delay. ANTONYM: presumption, face, boldness, (adj) quick. insolence, nerve, impertinence, mantel: (n) mantelpiece, mantlepiece, impudence, rudeness, assurance. ANTONYMS: (n) timidity, deference, chimneypiece, lintel, mantelshelf, courtesy. mantle piece, mantleshelf, shelf,

drapery, drape, curtain. scar: (n, v) mark, blemish, seam, stain, brand; (n) cicatrix, cicatrice, defect, scratch, injury; (v) disfigure. ANTONYM: (v) enhance. sensuousness: (n) sensibility. vanishing: (n) disappearance, vanishment, dissipation; (adj) dying, fleeting, momentary, breaking up, declining, diminishing, dissolving, evanescent. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, increasing.

132

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

afternoon; I'm not myself. My manner must have misled you in some way. I wish you to go, please." She spoke in a monotonous, dull tone. He took his hat from the table, and stood with eyes turned from her, looking into the dying fire. For a moment or two he kept an impressive silence.% "Your manner has not misled me, Mrs. Pontellier," he said finally. "My own emotions have done that. I couldn't help it. When I'm near you, how could I help it? Don't think anything of it, don't bother, please. You see, I go when you command me. If you wish me to stay away, I shall do so. If you let me come back, I--oh! you will let me come back?" He cast one appealing glance at her, to which she made no response. Alcee Arobin's manner was so genuine that it often deceived even himself. Edna did not care or think whether it were genuine or not. When she was alone she looked mechanically at the back of her hand which he had kissed so warmly. Then she leaned her head down on the mantelpiece. She felt somewhat like a woman who in a moment of passion is betrayed into an act of infidelity, and realizes the significance of the act without being wholly awakened from its glamour. The thought was passing vaguely through her mind, "What would he think?" She did not mean her husband; she was thinking of Robert Lebrun. Her husband seemed to her now like a person whom she had married without love as an excuse. She lit a candle and went up to her room. Alcee Arobin was absolutely nothing to her. Yet his presence, his manners, the warmth of his glances, and above all the touch of his lips upon her hand had acted like a narcotic upon her. She slept a languorous sleep, interwoven with vanishing dreams.

Thesaurus emotions: (n) reputation, emotion, entangled, inseparable, knotted, led astray, incorrect. monotonous: (adj) dull, flat, boring, feeling, temperament, personality, related. character, disposition, breast, bosom. mechanically: (adv) mechanistically, dreary, tedious, insipid, monotone, infidelity: (n) falseness, faithlessness, instinctively, routinely, involuntarily, monotonic; (adj, v) dry, uninteresting, stupid. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, adultery, treachery, unfaithfulness, industrially, unconsciously, inconstancy, impiety, fickleness, automaticly, intuitively, impulsively, varied, stimulating, lively, exotic, falsity, unbelief; (adj) rationalism. technically, technologically. enthralling, brilliant, flexible. ANTONYMS: (n) faithfulness, ANTONYMS: (adv) manually, narcotic: (adj, n) soporific, opiate, hypnotic; (adj) anodyne; (n) drug, loyalty. consciously. interwoven: (adj) interlinking, misled: (adj) fooled, undirected, false, anaesthetic, opium, stupefacient, interlacing, interlocking, complex, bewildered, confused, erroneous, sedative, methadone, meperidine. whether: (pron) where. interwove, twine, contextural, mistaken, misleading, misdirected,

Kate Chopin

133

XXVI

Alcee Arobin wrote Edna an elaborate note of apology, palpitant with sincerity. It embarrassed her; for in a cooler, quieter moment it appeared to her, absurd that she should have taken his action so seriously, so dramatically. She felt sure that the significance of the whole occurrence had lain in her own selfconsciousness. If she ignored his note it would give undue importance to a trivial affair. If she replied to it in a serious spirit it would still leave in his mind the impression that she had in a susceptible moment yielded to his influence. After all, it was no great matter to have one's hand kissed. She was provoked at his having written the apology. She answered in as light and bantering a spirit as she fancied it deserved, and said she would be glad to have him look in upon her at work whenever he felt the inclination and his business gave him the opportunity.% He responded at once by presenting himself at her home with all his disarming naivete. And then there was scarcely a day which followed that she did not see him or was not reminded of him. He was prolific in pretexts. His attitude became one of good-humored subservience and tacit adoration. He was ready at all times to submit to her moods, which were as often kind as they were cold. She grew accustomed to him. They became intimate and friendly by imperceptible degrees, and then by leaps. He sometimes talked in a way that astonished her at first and brought the crimson into her face; in a way that

Thesaurus adoration: (n) admiration, adulation, captivating; (v) disarm; (n) cult, appreciation, reverence, demobilisation, demobilization. ANTONYMS: (n) arming; (adj) glorification, idolization, homage, praise; (adj, n) devotion, passion. annoying, repulsive, irritating, ANTONYMS: (n) hatred, detestation, obnoxious, offensive, unpleasant. despising, disparagement, revulsion, imperceptible: (adj) invisible, repulsion, disgust, disdain. intangible, insensible, faint, bantering: (adj) banteringly, satirical, evanescent, inaudible, negligible, jovial, facetious, humorous. indiscernible, unseen, unnoticeable, disarming: (adj) charming, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) obvious, ingratiating, conciliatory, deferential, overwhelming, clear, visible, engaging, winning, endearing, perceptible, heavy, noticeable,

definite, considerable, conspicuous, strong. presenting: (adj) featuring. self-consciousness: (n) embarrassment, inhibition. subservience: (n) obsequiousness, dependence, submissiveness, sycophancy, subsidiarity, submission, subordination, obedience, subserviency, humility, application.

134

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

pleased her at last, appealing to the animalism that stirred impatiently within her.% There was nothing which so quieted the turmoil of Edna's senses as a visit to Mademoiselle Reisz. It was then, in the presence of that personality which was offensive to her, that the woman, by her divine art, seemed to reach Edna's spirit and set it free. It was misty, with heavy, lowering atmosphere, one afternoon, when Edna climbed the stairs to the pianist's apartments under the roof. Her clothes were dripping with moisture. She felt chilled and pinched as she entered the room. Mademoiselle was poking at a rusty stove that smoked a little and warmed the room indifferently. She was endeavoring to heat a pot of chocolate on the stove. The room looked cheerless and dingy to Edna as she entered. A bust of Beethoven, covered with a hood of dust, scowled at her from the mantelpiece. "Ah! here comes the sunlight!" exclaimed Mademoiselle, rising from her knees before the stove. "Now it will be warm and bright enough; I can let the fire alone." She closed the stove door with a bang, and approaching, assisted in removing Edna's dripping mackintosh. "You are cold; you look miserable. The chocolate will soon be hot. But would you rather have a taste of brandy? I have scarcely touched the bottle which you brought me for my cold." A piece of red flannel was wrapped around Mademoiselle's throat; a stiff neck compelled her to hold her head on one side. "I will take some brandy," said Edna, shivering as she removed her gloves and overshoes. She drank the liquor from the glass as a man would have done. Then flinging herself upon the uncomfortable sofa she said, "Mademoiselle, I am going to move away from my house on Esplanade Street." "Ah!" ejaculated the musician, neither surprised nor especially interested. Nothing ever seemed to astonish her very much. She was endeavoring to adjust the bunch of violets which had become loose from its fastening in her hair. Edna drew her down upon the sofa, and taking a pin from her own hair, secured the

Thesaurus animalism: (n) philosophy, temperament, ism, carnality, disposition, doctrine, lust, license, physicality. astonish: (adj, v) astound; (adj, n, v) surprise; (adj) astonishing, surprised; (v) flabbergast, daze, confound, dazzle, stun, alarm, nonplus. ANTONYMS: (v) expect, bore. cheerless: (adj) sad, dismal, dark, drab, dreary, gloomy, dull, murky, dispiriting; (adj, v) disconsolate,

joyless. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, unbiasedly, disinterestedly. happy, uplifting, lighthearted, sunny, ANTONYMS: (adv) passionately, smart, cheery, warm. obsessively, carefully, eagerly, drew: (n) move, John Drew. energetically, warmly, anxiously, fastening: (n) clasp, clip, buckle, enthusiastically, sympathetically. mackintosh: (n) Macintosh, mac, attachment, lock, catch, link, bonding; (n, v) bond; (v) tie, bind. material, textile, raincoat, slicker, flinging: (n) casting, cast. waterproof, fabric, cloth, oilskin, indifferently: (adv) carelessly, coldly, cagoule. quieted: (adj) composed. nonchalantly, listlessly, warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked. unconcernedly, uninterestedly, neutrally, middlingly, casually,

Kate Chopin

135

shabby artificial flowers in their accustomed place.% "Aren't you astonished?" "Passably. Where are you going? to New York? to Iberville? to your father in Mississippi? where?" "Just two steps away," laughed Edna, "in a little four-room house around the corner. It looks so cozy, so inviting and restful, whenever I pass by; and it's for rent. I'm tired looking after that big house. It never seemed like mine, anyway-like home. It's too much trouble. I have to keep too many servants. I am tired bothering with them." "That is not your true reason, ma belle. There is no use in telling me lies. I don't know your reason, but you have not told me the truth." Edna did not protest or endeavor to justify herself. "The house, the money that provides for it, are not mine. Isn't that enough reason?" "They are your husband's," returned Mademoiselle, with a shrug and a malicious elevation of the eyebrows. "Oh! I see there is no deceiving you. Then let me tell you: It is a caprice. I have a little money of my own from my mother's estate, which my father sends me by driblets. I won a large sum this winter on the races, and I am beginning to sell my sketches. Laidpore is more and more pleased with my work; he says it grows in force and individuality. I cannot judge of that myself, but I feel that I have gained in ease and confidence. However, as I said, I have sold a good many through Laidpore. I can live in the tiny house for little or nothing, with one servant. Old Celestine, who works occasionally for me, says she will come stay with me and do my work. I know I shall like it, like the feeling of freedom and independence." "What does your husband say?" "I have not told him yet. I only thought of it this morning. He will think I am demented, no doubt. Perhaps you think so."

Thesaurus belle: (n) beauty, fille, girl, miss, deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful, moderately, tolerably, adequately, missy. cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying, enough, well enough, okay, caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor, impartially, indifferent; (adj) pretty treacherous, imposing, delusive, well. ANTONYMS: (adv) quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit, sanctimonious, mistaken. capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS: ANTONYM: (adj) correct. insufficiently, intolerably, (n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality. demented: (adj) daft, brainsick, unsatisfactorily, inadequately. cozy: (adj, n) cosy, cosey; (adj) comfy, restful: (adj) quiet, peaceful, still, delirious, frenetic, mad, deranged, snug, familiar, homely, informal, insane, psychotic, distracted, lunatic, comfortable, placid, soft, tranquil, easy, close, intimate; (n) cozie. unbalanced. ANTONYMS: (adj) sane, reposeful, relaxing, easy, peaceable. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncomfortable, balanced, stable, reasonable, rational, ANTONYMS: (adj) uncomfortable, tense, unwelcoming, bleak, insecure, calm. unwelcoming, irritating, harsh, noisy, passably: (adv) reasonably, middling, impersonal, harsh. rushed, stimulating.

136

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

Mademoiselle shook her head slowly. "Your reason is not yet clear to me," she said.% Neither was it quite clear to Edna herself; but it unfolded itself as she sat for a while in silence. Instinct had prompted her to put away her husband's bounty in casting off her allegiance. She did not know how it would be when he returned. There would have to be an understanding, an explanation. Conditions would some way adjust themselves, she felt; but whatever came, she had resolved never again to belong to another than herself. "I shall give a grand dinner before I leave the old house!" Edna exclaimed. "You will have to come to it, Mademoiselle. I will give you everything that you like to eat and to drink. We shall sing and laugh and be merry for once." And she uttered a sigh that came from the very depths of her being. If Mademoiselle happened to have received a letter from Robert during the interval of Edna's visits, she would give her the letter unsolicited. And she would seat herself at the piano and play as her humor prompted her while the young woman read the letter. The little stove was roaring; it was red-hot, and the chocolate in the tin sizzled and sputtered. Edna went forward and opened the stove door, and Mademoiselle rising, took a letter from under the bust of Beethoven and handed it to Edna. "Another! so soon!" she exclaimed, her eyes filled with delight. "Tell me, Mademoiselle, does he know that I see his letters?" "Never in the world! He would be angry and would never write to me again if he thought so. Does he write to you? Never a line. Does he send you a message? Never a word. It is because he loves you, poor fool, and is trying to forget you, since you are not free to listen to him or to belong to him." "Why do you show me his letters, then?" "Haven't you begged for them? Can I refuse you anything? Oh! you cannot deceive me," and Mademoiselle approached her beloved instrument and began to play. Edna did not at once read the letter. She sat holding it in her hand,

Thesaurus bounty: (adj, n) largesse; (n) merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful, abundance, bounteousness, glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome, lighthearted, festive; (adj, n) premium, blessing, prize, munificence, beneficence, generosity; convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj) (v) benefaction; (n, v) gift. gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight. ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, fine, red-hot: (adj) impassioned, flaming, insufficiency, penalty, meanness. burning, fiery, incandescent, torrid, deceive: (v) cheat, circumvent, enthusiastic, boiling, up-to-date, bamboozle, pretend, hoax, fool, sultry, contemporary. cozen, trick, beguile; (n, v) dupe; (n) roaring: (n) bellowing, roar, bellow, fraud. ANTONYMS: (v) guide, thunder; (adj) booming, prosperous, inform, undeceive, protect. thriving, flourishing, deafening,

noisy, boisterous. unfolded: (adj) extended, stretched, outspread, outstretched, widely spread, stretched out, explicate, evolved, displayed, expanded, detailed. unsolicited: (adj) unsought, uninvited, undesirable, not desired, not requested, undesired, unasked for, annoying, unwanted, unwelcome, unasked. ANTONYMS: (adj) solicited, asked, invited, requested.

Kate Chopin

137

while the music penetrated her whole being like an effulgence, warming and brightening the dark places of her soul. It prepared her for joy and exultation.% "Oh!" she exclaimed, letting the letter fall to the floor. "Why did you not tell me?" She went and grasped Mademoiselle's hands up from the keys. "Oh! unkind! malicious! Why did you not tell me?" "That he was coming back? No great news, ma foi. I wonder he did not come long ago." "But when, when?" cried Edna, impatiently. "He does not say when." "He says `very soon.' You know as much about it as I do; it is all in the letter." "But why? Why is he coming? Oh, if I thought--" and she snatched the letter from the floor and turned the pages this way and that way, looking for the reason, which was left untold. "If I were young and in love with a man," said Mademoiselle, turning on the stool and pressing her wiry hands between her knees as she looked down at Edna, who sat on the floor holding the letter, "it seems to me he would have to be some grand esprit; a man with lofty aims and ability to reach them; one who stood high enough to attract the notice of his fellow-men. It seems to me if I were young and in love I should never deem a man of ordinary caliber worthy of my devotion." "Now it is you who are telling lies and seeking to deceive me, Mademoiselle; or else you have never been in love, and know nothing about it. Why," went on Edna, clasping her knees and looking up into Mademoiselle's twisted face, "do you suppose a woman knows why she loves? Does she select? Does she say to herself: `Go to! Here is a distinguished statesman with presidential possibilities; I shall proceed to fall in love with him.' Or, `I shall set my heart upon this musician, whose fame is on every tongue?' Or, `This financier, who controls the world's money markets?' "You are purposely misunderstanding me, ma reine. Are you in love with Robert?" "Yes," said Edna. It was the first time she had admitted it, and a glow

Thesaurus caliber: (n) quality, calibre, diameter, explicitly; (adj) wittingly. supplier. ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally. class, amplitude, size, degree, status, lofty: (adj, v) high, elevated; (adj) statesman: (n) politician, diplomat, superiority, diam, radius. exalted, eminent, arrogant, grand, ANTONYM: (n) inability. tall, haughty, great, distinguished, politico, Cicero, bacon, solon, esprit: (n) wit, animation, life, salt, majestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, national leader, strategist, minister, sagacity, d'Esprit, vivacity, lowly, base, modest, deferential, schemer, Julian. untold: (adj) infinite, incalculable, sprightliness, point, whim, quick humble. possibilities: (n) potential, field. parts. innumerable, vast, uncounted, financier: (n) capitalist, backer, purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, unnumbered, unlimited, endless; (v) advisedly, knowingly; (adv) banker, sponsor, dealer, broker, unsaid, untalked of, unpublished. moneylender, stockbroker, city man, intentionally, on purpose, by design, ANTONYMS: (adj) little, minor, investor; (v) operate. ANTONYM: (n) consciously, by choice, calculatedly, small, tiny, open, slight.

138

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

overspread her face, blotching it with red spots.% "Why?" asked her companion. "Why do you love him when you ought not to?" Edna, with a motion or two, dragged herself on her knees before Mademoiselle Reisz, who took the glowing face between her two hands. "Why? Because his hair is brown and grows away from his temples; because he opens and shuts his eyes, and his nose is a little out of drawing; because he has two lips and a square chin, and a little finger which he can't straighten from having played baseball too energetically in his youth. Because--" "Because you do, in short," laughed Mademoiselle. "What will you do when he comes back?" she asked. "Do? Nothing, except feel glad and happy to be alive." She was already glad and happy to be alive at the mere thought of his return. The murky, lowering sky, which had depressed her a few hours before, seemed bracing and invigorating as she splashed through the streets on her way home. She stopped at a confectioner's and ordered a huge box of bonbons for the children in Iberville. She slipped a card in the box, on which she scribbled a tender message and sent an abundance of kisses. Before dinner in the evening Edna wrote a charming letter to her husband, telling him of her intention to move for a while into the little house around the block, and to give a farewell dinner before leaving, regretting that he was not there to share it, to help out with the menu and assist her in entertaining the guests. Her letter was brilliant and brimming with cheerfulness.

Thesaurus baseball: (n) hockey, ball game, low. lowering: (adj) heavy, dismal, gloomy, ballock, baseball game, football. bracing: (n) brace, backing; (adj) threatening, dark, glum, murky; (n) invigorating, brisk, exhilarating, fall, drop, cut, decline. overspread: (v) cover, spread, refreshing, tonic, enlivening, cool, benign, energizing. ANTONYMS: disseminate, distribute, scatter, (adj) soporific, tiring, debilitating, diffuse, disperse, broadcast, overlay, draining, exhausting, soothing, mantle, clothe. scribbled: (adj) hard to decipher, warm, balmy, still. dragged: (adj) depressed, dejected, illegible, indecipherable, impossible upset, unhappy, spent, dispirited, to read, unreadable, somber, melancholy, gloomy, joyless, incomprehensible.

shuts: (adj) closed. splashed: (adj) dabbled, bespattered, besplashed, spattered, marked, unclean, dirty, splattered, distributed, showy, dotted. straighten: (v) tidy, unbend, neaten, square away, extend, dress, adjust, stretch, unwind, right, straight. ANTONYMS: (v) bend, sink, withdraw, align, stoop, distort, confuse, complicate, tilt. temples: (n) brow.

Kate Chopin

139

XXVII

"What is the matter with you?" asked Arobin that evening. "I never found you in such a happy mood." Edna was tired by that time, and was reclining on the lounge before the fire.% "Don't you know the weather prophet has told us we shall see the sun pretty soon?" "Well, that ought to be reason enough," he acquiesced. "You wouldn't give me another if I sat here all night imploring you." He sat close to her on a low tabouret, and as he spoke his fingers lightly touched the hair that fell a little over her forehead. She liked the touch of his fingers through her hair, and closed her eyes sensitively. "One of these days," she said, "I'm going to pull myself together for a while and think--try to determine what character of a woman I am; for, candidly, I don't know. By all the codes which I am acquainted with, I am a devilishly wicked specimen of the sex. But some way I can't convince myself that I am. I must think about it." "Don't. What's the use? Why should you bother thinking about it when I can tell you what manner of woman you are." His fingers strayed occasionally down to her warm, smooth cheeks and firm chin, which was growing a little full and double.

Thesaurus candidly: (adv) openly, ingenuously, visionary, foreteller, priest, sincerely, outspokenly, honestly, clairvoyant. sensitively: (adv) delicately, forthrightly, straightforwardly, plainly, bluntly, directly; (adj, adv) responsively, perceptively, touchily, freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) sorely, emotionally, tactfully, deceitfully, hesitantly, dishonestly, thoughtfully, diplomatically, untruthfully, guardedly, sympathetically, sentiently. ANTONYMS: (adv) insensitively, ambiguously, shyly. cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, heartlessly, unkindly, blandly, posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet. unsympathetically, severely, roughly. prophet: (n) augur, oracle, vaticinator, specimen: (n) exemplar, instance, seer, predictor, diviner, forecaster, example, copy, pattern, person,

representative, individual, model, illustration, type. strayed: (v) stray. tabouret: (n) stool. wicked: (adj) bad, sinful, atrocious, evil, vile, depraved, mischievous, immoral, unholy, nasty, naughty. ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, pure, pious, moral, kind, admirable, kindhearted, helpful, decent, assisting, aiding.

140

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"Oh, yes! You will tell me that I am adorable; everything that is captivating. Spare yourself the effort." "No; I shan't tell you anything of the sort, though I shouldn't be lying if I did." "Do you know Mademoiselle Reisz?" she asked irrelevantly.% "The pianist? I know her by sight. I've heard her play." "She says queer things sometimes in a bantering way that you don't notice at the time and you find yourself thinking about afterward." "For instance?" "Well, for instance, when I left her to-day, she put her arms around me and felt my shoulder blades, to see if my wings were strong, she said. `The bird that would soar above the level plain of tradition and prejudice must have strong wings. It is a sad spectacle to see the weaklings bruised, exhausted, fluttering back to earth.' "Whither would you soar?" "I'm not thinking of any extraordinary flights. I only half comprehend her." "I've heard she's partially demented," said Arobin. "She seems to me wonderfully sane," Edna replied. "I'm told she's extremely disagreeable and unpleasant. introduced her at a moment when I desired to talk of you?"

Why have you

"Oh! talk of me if you like," cried Edna, clasping her hands beneath her head; "but let me think of something else while you do." "I'm jealous of your thoughts tonight. They're making you a little kinder than usual; but some way I feel as if they were wandering, as if they were not here with me." She only looked at him and smiled. His eyes were very near. He leaned upon the lounge with an arm extended across her, while the other hand still rested upon her hair. They continued silently to look into each other's eyes. When he leaned forward and kissed her, she clasped his head, holding his lips to hers. It was the first kiss of her life to which her nature had really responded. It was a flaming torch that kindled desire.

Thesaurus adorable: (adj) lovely, attractive, delightful, endearing, pleasing, glamorous, delicious, wonderful, winning, appealing, cute. ANTONYMS: (adj) despicable, disgusting, wicked, unappealing, repulsive, monstrous, gross. bruised: (adj) wounded, hurt, raw, sore, livid, tender, sensitive, rotten, surbet, sore to the touch, painful. comprehend: (v) grasp, catch, see, comprise, appreciate, feel, sense,

apperceive, read; (adj, v) understand; flutteringly. (n, v) embrace. ANTONYMS: (v) kindled: (adj) enkindled, lighted, lit, mistake, misapprehend, exclude, burning. lounge: (n, v) loiter; (v) loll, loaf, misunderstand, misconceive. flaming: (adj, n) burning, ardent, recline, rest, dawdle, laze; (n) couch, glowing, passionate; (adj) blazing, saunter, divan, sofa. ANTONYM: (v) ablaze, aflame, hot; (n) enthusiastic, stand. flame, fire. ANTONYMS: (adj) soar: (v) climb, hover, fly, mount, glide, leap, jump, lift, billow; (n, v) extinguished, placid, gentle, quiet. fluttering: (adj) flying, palpitating, rise, increase. ANTONYMS: (v) flittering, flaring, aflare, waving; (n) decrease, drop, descend, collapse, flutter, flapping, flicker, flitting; (adv) sink.

Kate Chopin

141

XXVIII

Edna cried a little that night after Arobin left her. It was only one phase of the multitudinous emotions which had assailed her. There was with her an overwhelming feeling of irresponsibility. There was the shock of the unexpected and the unaccustomed. There was her husband's reproach looking at her from the external things around her which he had provided for her external existence. There was Robert's reproach making itself felt by a quicker, fiercer, more overpowering love, which had awakened within her toward him. Above all, there was understanding. She felt as if a mist had been lifted from her eyes, enabling her to took upon and comprehend the significance of life, that monster made up of beauty and brutality. But among the conflicting sensations which assailed her, there was neither shame nor remorse. There was a dull pang of regret because it was not the kiss of love which had inflamed her, because it was not love which had held this cup of life to her lips. %

Thesaurus brutality: (n) atrocity, barbarity, exemption, freedom, release, liberty, violence, cruelty, ferocity, renunciation, untrustiness, savageness, harshness, callousness, untrustworthiness, insanity. viciousness, ferociousness, savagery. ANTONYMS: (n) caution, maturity, ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness, deliberation, carefulness, reliability. multitudinous: (adj) innumerable, kindness, caring, gentility, humaneness, humanity. infinite, manifold, multiple, inflamed: (adj) impassioned, excited, numberless, myriad, many, angry, hot, flaming, ablaze, irritated, numerous, thick, populous, passionate, painful, burning; (n) red. innumerous. irresponsibility: (n) flightiness, overpowering: (adj) overwhelming, irresponsibleness, arbitrariness, oppressive, resistless, compelling,

intense, heavy, strong, onerous, devastating, uncontrollable, depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, subtle, imperceptible, insignificant, shallow, weak, faint, bland. remorse: (n) penitence, contrition, repentance, regret, guilt, penance, sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness, compassion. ANTONYM: (n) shamelessness. sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations, ambiance.

Kate Chopin

143

XXIX

Without even waiting for an answer from her husband regarding his opinion or wishes in the matter, Edna hastened her preparations for quitting her home on Esplanade Street and moving into the little house around the block. A feverish anxiety attended her every action in that direction. There was no moment of deliberation, no interval of repose between the thought and its fulfillment. Early upon the morning following those hours passed in Arobin's society, Edna set about securing her new abode and hurrying her arrangements for occupying it. Within the precincts of her home she felt like one who has entered and lingered within the portals of some forbidden temple in which a thousand muffled voices bade her begone.% Whatever was her own in the house, everything which she had acquired aside from her husband's bounty, she caused to be transported to the other house, supplying simple and meager deficiencies from her own resources. Arobin found her with rolled sleeves, working in company with the housemaid when he looked in during the afternoon. She was splendid and robust, and had never appeared handsomer than in the old blue gown, with a red silk handkerchief knotted at random around her head to protect her hair from the dust. She was mounted upon a high stepladder, unhooking a picture from the wall when he entered. He had found the front door open, and had followed his

Thesaurus abode: (n) dwelling, house, residence, place, domicile, lodge, abidance, mansion, lodging, address, seat. deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel, debate, caution, thought, advisement, attention, contemplation, consultation; (adj, n) calculation, circumspection. ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness, carelessness, impetuosity, distraction, rashness. fulfillment: (n) completion, fruition, achievement, satisfaction, fulfilment,

inadequate, insufficient, scant; (adj, attainment, execution, adv) stingy. ANTONYMS: (adj) consummation, contentment, observance, discharge. ANTONYMS: abundant, lavish, generous, fat, (n) disobedience, dissatisfaction, strong, luxurious, filling, large, abandonment, dismay. plentiful, ample, privileged. knotted: (adj) knotty, gnarled, gnarly, precincts: (n) entourage, arena, involved, entangled, complicated, outskirts, neighbourhood, walk, tangled, matted, knobbed, fastened; neighborhood, proximity, (adj, v) kinky. ANTONYMS: (adj) surroundings, vicinity, limitations, straight, tidy, relaxed. suburbs. meager: (adj, v) lean, gaunt, bare, stepladder: (n) steps, step ladder. spare, frugal; (adj) emaciated, feeble,

144

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

ring by walking in unceremoniously.% "Come down!" he said. "Do you want to kill yourself?" She greeted him with affected carelessness, and appeared absorbed in her occupation. If he had expected to find her languishing, reproachful, or indulging in sentimental tears, he must have been greatly surprised. He was no doubt prepared for any emergency, ready for any one of the foregoing attitudes, just as he bent himself easily and naturally to the situation which confronted him. "Please come down," he insisted, holding the ladder and looking up at her. "No," she answered; "Ellen is afraid to mount the ladder. Joe is working over at the `pigeon house'--that's the name Ellen gives it, because it's so small and looks like a pigeon house--and some one has to do this." Arobin pulled off his coat, and expressed himself ready and willing to tempt fate in her place. Ellen brought him one of her dust-caps, and went into contortions of mirth, which she found it impossible to control, when she saw him put it on before the mirror as grotesquely as he could. Edna herself could not refrain from smiling when she fastened it at his request. So it was he who in turn mounted the ladder, unhooking pictures and curtains, and dislodging ornaments as Edna directed. When he had finished he took off his dust-cap and went out to wash his hands. Edna was sitting on the tabouret, idly brushing the tips of a feather duster along the carpet when he came in again. "Is there anything more you will let me do?" he asked. "That is all," she answered. "Ellen can manage the rest." She kept the young woman occupied in the drawing-room, unwilling to be left alone with Arobin. "What about the dinner?" he asked; "the grand event, the coup d'etat?" "It will be day after to-morrow. Why do you call it the `coup d'etat?' Oh! it will be very fine; all my best of everything--crystal, silver and gold, Sevres, flowers, music, and champagne to swim in. I'll let Leonce pay the bills. I

Thesaurus bills: (n) currency, folding money. bizarrely, fantasticly, fantastically, duster: (n) rag, smock, dustcloth, dust drolly. idly: (adj, adv) foolishly; (adv) vainly, storm, dusting machine, spray, dishcloth, dustrag; (v) doily, doyley, vaguely, listlessly, forgetfully, distractedly; (adj) thoughtlessly. sponge. foregoing: (adj) previous, anterior, ANTONYM: (adv) energetically. indulging: (n) pampering, excess, antecedent, prior, past, above, preceding, aforegoing, earlier. indulgence, orgy, folly, foolery, ANTONYM: (adj) following. gratification. grotesquely: (adv) monstrously, languishing: (v) decayed, washy, ludicrously, unnaturally, anticly, pulled down, wasted, seedy, worn; (adj) sentimental, languorous, funnily, hideously, ridiculously,

languid, spiritless, sad. mirth: (adj, n) merriment, jollity; (n) amusement, happiness, delight, joy, hilarity, cheerfulness, festivity, gladness, exhilaration. ANTONYMS: (n) gloom, sadness, misery. reproachful: (adj, v) condemnatory, disparaging, vituperative; (adj) admonitory, opprobrious, disgraceful, shameful, reproving, objurgatory, contumelious; (v) denunciatory.

Kate Chopin

145

wonder what he'll say when he sees the bills.% "And you ask me why I call it a coup d'etat?" Arobin had put on his coat, and he stood before her and asked if his cravat was plumb. She told him it was, looking no higher than the tip of his collar. "When do you go to the `pigeon house?'--with all due acknowledgment to Ellen." "Day after to-morrow, after the dinner. I shall sleep there." "Ellen, will you very kindly get me a glass of water?" asked Arobin. "The dust in the curtains, if you will pardon me for hinting such a thing, has parched my throat to a crisp." "While Ellen gets the water," said Edna, rising, "I will say good-by and let you go. I must get rid of this grime, and I have a million things to do and think of." "When shall I see you?" asked Arobin, seeking to detain her, the maid having left the room. "At the dinner, of course. You are invited." "Not before?--not to-night or to-morrow morning or tomorrow noon or night? or the day after morning or noon? Can't you see yourself, without my telling you, what an eternity it is?" He had followed her into the hall and to the foot of the stairway, looking up at her as she mounted with her face half turned to him. "Not an instant sooner," she said. But she laughed and looked at him with eyes that at once gave him courage to wait and made it torture to wait.

Thesaurus acknowledgment: (n) admission, acknowledgement, acceptance, confession, greeting, credit, allowance, declaration, agreement, thanks, gratitude. ANTONYMS: (n) rejection, ungratefulness, oversight, snub, ignoring, invoice, blame, defiance. cravat: (n) neckerchief, neckcloth, stock, ascot, collar, handkerchief, scarf, neckwear, necktie, ruff. eternity: (n) aeon, afterlife, forever,

perpetuity, timelessness, endlessness, everlasting, endless time, everlastingness, everness, existence. ANTONYMS: (n) finiteness, impermanence. grime: (n, v) soil; (n) filth, dirt, squalor, grease; (v) dirty, colly, begrime, contaminate, pollute; (adj, v) smudge. ANTONYMS: (n, v) clean; (n) cleanliness. parched: (adj, n) thirsty; (adj) arid, adust, torrid, barren, desiccated,

dehydrated, scorched, baked, withered, shriveled. ANTONYMS: (adj) quenched, humid. plumb: (adj) vertical, upright, erect, sound; (adj, v) fathom; (v) measure; (adv) clean, plum, vertically, completely; (n) weight. ANTONYM: (adj) horizontal. stairway: (n) ladder, stairs, flight, stair, steps, flight of steps, companionway, roadway, backstairs, escalator, pathway.

Kate Chopin

147

XXX

Though Edna had spoken of the dinner as a very grand affair, it was in truth a very small affair and very select, in so much as the guests invited were few and were selected with discrimination. She had counted upon an even dozen seating themselves at her round mahogany board, forgetting for the moment that Madame Ratignolle was to the last degree souffrante and unpresentable, and not foreseeing that Madame Lebrun would send a thousand regrets at the last moment. So there were only ten, after all, which made a cozy, comfortable number.% There were Mr. and Mrs. Merriman, a pretty, vivacious little woman in the thirties; her husband, a jovial fellow, something of a shallow-pate, who laughed a good deal at other people's witticisms, and had thereby made himself extremely popular. Mrs. Highcamp had accompanied them. Of course, there was Alcee Arobin; and Mademoiselle Reisz had consented to come. Edna had sent her a fresh bunch of violets with black lace trimmings for her hair. Monsieur Ratignolle brought himself and his wife's excuses. Victor Lebrun, who happened to be in the city, bent upon relaxation, had accepted with alacrity. There was a Miss Mayblunt, no longer in her teens, who looked at the world through lorgnettes and with the keenest interest. It was thought and said that she was intellectual; it was suspected of her that she wrote under a nom de guerre. She had come with a gentleman by the name of Gouvernail, connected with one of

Thesaurus forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious; (n) disregard. jovial: (adj, n) gay; (adj) jolly, genial, glad, festive, joyful, gleeful, merry, jocund, cheerful, blithe. ANTONYMS: (adj) miserable, gloomy, frosty, serious, hostile. lace: (v) entwine, interlace, braid, bind; (adj, v) tie, string; (n) lacing, ribbon, edging; (n, v) net, rope. ANTONYMS: (v) untie, untwine, unpick. mahogany: (n) brown, kalantas,

hardtack, tree, wood, table, mahogany tree, cedar mahogany, mahogany wood. regrets: (n) regret, declination, RSVP regrets only, acknowledgement, acknowledgment, celestial latitude, excuse, Dec. thereby: (adv) whereby, hereby. thirties: (n) decade, decennium. trimmings: (n) embellishments, trappings, finery, fixing, superfluities, plumage, edge,

paraphernalia, gear, additions, fixings. unpresentable: (adj) unprepossessing, unseemly. vivacious: (adj) lively, animated, sprightly, vibrant, spry, effervescent, gay; (adj, v) cheerful, active, buoyant, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, lethargic, listless, compliment, inactive, praise, languid, lifeless, serious, sluggish. witticisms: (n) facetiae.

148

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

the daily papers, of whom nothing special could be said, except that he was observant and seemed quiet and inoffensive. Edna herself made the tenth, and at half-past eight they seated themselves at table, Arobin and Monsieur Ratignolle on either side of their hostess.% Mrs. Highcamp sat between Arobin and Victor Lebrun. Then came Mrs. Merriman, Mr. Gouvernail, Miss Mayblunt, Mr. Merriman, and Mademoiselle Reisz next to Monsieur Ratignolle. There was something extremely gorgeous about the appearance of the table, an effect of splendor conveyed by a cover of pale yellow satin under strips of lace-work. There were wax candles, in massive brass candelabra, burning softly under yellow silk shades; full, fragrant roses, yellow and red, abounded. There were silver and gold, as she had said there would be, and crystal which glittered like the gems which the women wore. The ordinary stiff dining chairs had been discarded for the occasion and replaced by the most commodious and luxurious which could be collected throughout the house. Mademoiselle Reisz, being exceedingly diminutive, was elevated upon cushions, as small children are sometimes hoisted at table upon bulky volumes. "Something new, Edna?" exclaimed Miss Mayblunt, with lorgnette directed toward a magnificent cluster of diamonds that sparkled, that almost sputtered, in Edna's hair, just over the center of her forehead. "Quite new; `brand' new, in fact; a present from my husband. It arrived this morning from New York. I may as well admit that this is my birthday, and that I am twenty-nine. In good time I expect you to drink my health. Meanwhile, I shall ask you to begin with this cocktail, composed--would you say `composed?'" with an appeal to Miss Mayblunt--"composed by my father in honor of Sister Janet's wedding." Before each guest stood a tiny glass that looked and sparkled like a garnet gem. "Then, all things considered," spoke Arobin, "it might not be amiss to start out

Thesaurus bulky: (adj) large, unwieldy, great, malodorous, odorless. unpleasant, harmful, dysphemistic, garnet: (n) essonite, almandine, huge, ample, fat, extensive, malicious, exciting. corpulent, heavy, gross; (adj, adv) lorgnette: (n) glass, eyeglasses, peridot, opal, lapis lazuli, pyrope, portly. ANTONYMS: (adj) compact, cinnamon stone, chrysolite, spectacles, specs, telescope, glasses. allochroite, andradite; (adj) dark red. splendor: (adj, n, v) brilliancy; (n) manageable, thin, insubstantial, miniature, tiny, wieldy, slight, light, gems: (n) jewels, Gemes, jewellery, magnificence, pomp, sheen, lustre, luster, glory, ostentation, glitter; (n, v) slim. trinkets, ornaments, charms. chairs: (n) seats. inoffensive: (adj, n) harmless, brightness; (adj, n) radiance. fragrant: (adj) spicy, odorous, balmy, innocent; (adj) innocuous, innoxious, ANTONYMS: (n) dullness, sweet, odorant, scented, redolent, safe, unoffending, euphemistic, ordinariness, paucity, austerity, savory, fragrance, odoriferous, scent. hurtless, pleasant, gentle, tame. understatement, shabbiness, ANTONYMS: (adj) smelly, putrid, ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, unsavory, simplicity, unattractiveness.

Kate Chopin

149

by drinking the Colonel's health in the cocktail which he composed, on the birthday of the most charming of women--the daughter whom he invented." Mr. Merriman's laugh at this sally was such a genuine outburst and so contagious that it started the dinner with an agreeable swing that never slackened.% Miss Mayblunt begged to be allowed to keep her cocktail untouched before her, just to look at. The color was marvelous! She could compare it to nothing she had ever seen, and the garnet lights which it emitted were unspeakably rare. She pronounced the Colonel an artist, and stuck to it. Monsieur Ratignolle was prepared to take things seriously; the mets, the entre-mets, the service, the decorations, even the people. He looked up from his pompano and inquired of Arobin if he were related to the gentleman of that name who formed one of the firm of Laitner and Arobin, lawyers. The young man admitted that Laitner was a warm personal friend, who permitted Arobin's name to decorate the firm's letterheads and to appear upon a shingle that graced Perdido Street. "There are so many inquisitive people and institutions abounding," said Arobin, "that one is really forced as a matter of convenience these days to assume the virtue of an occupation if he has it not." Monsieur Ratignolle stared a little, and turned to ask Mademoiselle Reisz if she considered the symphony concerts up to the standard which had been set the previous winter. Mademoiselle Reisz answered Monsieur Ratignolle in French, which Edna thought a little rude, under the circumstances, but characteristic. Mademoiselle had only disagreeable things to say of the symphony concerts, and insulting remarks to make of all the musicians of New Orleans, singly and collectively. All her interest seemed to be centered upon the delicacies placed before her. Mr. Merriman said that Mr. Arobin's remark about inquisitive people reminded him of a man from Waco the other day at the St. Charles Hotel--but as Mr. Merriman's stories were always lame and lacking point, his wife seldom permitted him to complete them. She interrupted him to ask if he remembered the name of the author whose book she had bought the week before to send to a

Thesaurus bought: (n) crook, hook. regalia. mundane, abysmal, bad, dreadful, centered: (adj) centralized, focused, inquisitive: (adj) inquiring, unworthy, dire, humdrum, concentrated, central, focussed, deep, speculative, nosy, prying, unimpressive, unremarkable, boring. musicians: (n) musical group. centralised. questioning, nosey, meddling, contagious: (adj) catching, investigative, meddlesome, quizzical, pompano: (n) carangid fish, carangid. overcurious. ANTONYMS: (adj) unspeakably: (adv) indescribably, communicable, pestiferous, transmissible, epidemic, apathetic, uninterested. horrifically, horrifyingly, transmittable, poisonous, spreading, marvelous: (adj) wonderful, fantastic, staggeringly, inexcusably, pestilent; (n) infection; (v) infect. incredible, fabulous, extraordinary, unbearably, unkindly, unpleasantly, ANTONYMS: (adj) noncontagious, tremendous, grand, astonishing, unutterably, offensively, terrific, great; (adj, v) prodigious. horrendously. ANTONYM: (adv) noninfectious. delicacies: (n) food, delices, cates, ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, pleasantly.

150

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

friend in Geneva. She was talking "books" with Mr. Gouvernail and trying to draw from him his opinion upon current literary topics. Her husband told the story of the Waco man privately to Miss Mayblunt, who pretended to be greatly amused and to think it extremely clever.% Mrs. Highcamp hung with languid but unaffected interest upon the warm and impetuous volubility of her left-hand neighbor, Victor Lebrun. Her attention was never for a moment withdrawn from him after seating herself at table; and when he turned to Mrs. Merriman, who was prettier and more vivacious than Mrs. Highcamp, she waited with easy indifference for an opportunity to reclaim his attention. There was the occasional sound of music, of mandolins, sufficiently removed to be an agreeable accompaniment rather than an interruption to the conversation. Outside the soft, monotonous splash of a fountain could be heard; the sound penetrated into the room with the heavy odor of jessamine that came through the open windows. The golden shimmer of Edna's satin gown spread in rich folds on either side of her. There was a soft fall of lace encircling her shoulders. It was the color of her skin, without the glow, the myriad living tints that one may sometimes discover in vibrant flesh. There was something in her attitude, in her whole appearance when she leaned her head against the high-backed chair and spread her arms, which suggested the regal woman, the one who rules, who looks on, who stands alone. But as she sat there amid her guests, she felt the old ennui overtaking her; the hopelessness which so often assailed her, which came upon her like an obsession, like something extraneous, independent of volition. It was something which announced itself; a chill breath that seemed to issue from some vast cavern wherein discords waited. There came over her the acute longing which always summoned into her spiritual vision the presence of the beloved one, overpowering her at once with a sense of the unattainable. The moments glided on, while a feeling of good fellowship passed around the circle like a mystic cord, holding and binding these people together with jest and laughter. Monsieur Ratignolle was the first to break the pleasant charm. At

Thesaurus cavern: (n) hollow, cove, vault, hole, languid: (adj) lazy, dull, indolent, claim, repossess, claim back, regain, enclosure, antrum, lair, antre, socket, feeble, lethargic, lackadaisical, recycle, salvage, correct, redeem. den; (v) cavern out. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, discard. sluggish, faint, torpid, inert, extraneous: (adj) exterior, foreign, apathetic. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, volition: (n, v) will, testament; (n) exotic, external, adventitious, outer, lively, exciting, vigorous. choice, option, selection, neighbor: (v) abut, adjoin, populate, outside, irrelevant, unrelated, determination, conation, preference, touch; (n) acquaintance, velleity, free will; (v) purpose. extrinsic, immaterial. ANTONYMS: (adj) relevant, intrinsic, necessary, neighborhood, national; (adj) volubility: (adj, n) fluency; (n) essential, integral, native, needed, neighborly, neighbouring, eloquence, articulateness, gab, gift of basic, pertinent. neighboring, adjacent. ANTONYM: gab, smoothness, hung: (n) hanging; (v) Heng; (adj) (n) foreigner. communicativeness, readiness; (adj) reclaim: (v) recover, reform, cultivate, flippancy. fatigued, puzzled, decorated.

Kate Chopin

151

ten o'clock he excused himself. Madame Ratignolle was waiting for him at home. She was bien souffrante, and she was filled with vague dread, which only her husband's presence could allay.% Mademoiselle Reisz arose with Monsieur Ratignolle, who offered to escort her to the car. She had eaten well; she had tasted the good, rich wines, and they must have turned her head, for she bowed pleasantly to all as she withdrew from table. She kissed Edna upon the shoulder, and whispered: "Bonne nuit, ma reine; soyez sage." She had been a little bewildered upon rising, or rather, descending from her cushions, and Monsieur Ratignolle gallantly took her arm and led her away. Mrs. Highcamp was weaving a garland of roses, yellow and red. When she had finished the garland, she laid it lightly upon Victor's black curls. He was reclining far back in the luxurious chair, holding a glass of champagne to the light. As if a magician's wand had touched him, the garland of roses transformed him into a vision of Oriental beauty. His cheeks were the color of crushed grapes, and his dusky eyes glowed with a languishing fire. "Sapristi!" exclaimed Arobin. But Mrs. Highcamp had one more touch to add to the picture. She took from the back of her chair a white silken scarf, with which she had covered her shoulders in the early part of the evening. She draped it across the boy in graceful folds, and in a way to conceal his black, conventional evening dress. He did not seem to mind what she did to him, only smiled, showing a faint gleam of white teeth, while he continued to gaze with narrowing eyes at the light through his glass of champagne. "Oh! to be able to paint in color rather than in words!" exclaimed Miss Mayblunt, losing herself in a rhapsodic dream as she looked at him, "`There was a graven image of Desire Painted with red blood on a ground of gold.'" murmured Gouvernail, under his breath. The effect of the wine upon Victor was to change his accustomed volubility

Thesaurus champagne: (v) chain lightning, cocktail; (n) sparkling wine, blonde. excused: (adj) privileged, immune. gallantly: (adv) courageously, intrepidly, chivalrously, splendidly, valiantly, heroically, fearlessly, finely, doughtily, pluckily, courteously. ANTONYMS: (adv) unchivalrously, poorly, timidly. garland: (n) anthology, coronal, wreath, festoon, chaplet, bouquet, decoration, ornament, laurels, prize,

lei. expansion. gleam: (n, v) glance, beam, blaze, rhapsodic: (adj) rapturous, shine, glimmer, glow, flash, flicker, rhapsodical, confused, enraptured, sparkle, glitter; (v) twinkle. enthusiastic, bombastic, joyous, graven: (adj) carved, engraved, etched, jubilant, rapt, deeply moved, captive. silken: (adj) glossy, silk, sleek, soft, sculptured, sculptile, sculpted, inscribed, carven. satiny, satin, shiny, smooth, slick, narrowing: (n) contraction, tightening, downy, mild. ANTONYMS: (adj) coarctation, stricture, angustation; coarse, dull, rough. (adj) dwindling, tapering, wand: (n, v) stick, rod; (n) scepter, constrictive, constricting, binding; verge, mace, pole, baton, sceptre, (adj, n) tapering off. ANTONYM: (n) fasces, rod of empire; (v) staff.

152

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

into silence. He seemed to have abandoned himself to a reverie, and to be seeing pleasing visions in the amber bead.% "Sing," entreated Mrs. Highcamp. "Won't you sing to us?" "Let him alone," said Arobin. "He's posing," offered Mr. Merriman; "let him have it out." "I believe he's paralyzed," laughed Mrs. Merriman. And leaning over the youth's chair, she took the glass from his hand and held it to his lips. He sipped the wine slowly, and when he had drained the glass she laid it upon the table and wiped his lips with her little filmy handkerchief. "Yes, I'll sing for you," he said, turning in his chair toward Mrs. Highcamp. He clasped his hands behind his head, and looking up at the ceiling began to hum a little, trying his voice like a musician tuning an instrument. Then, looking at Edna, he began to sing: "Ah! si tu savais!" "Stop!" she cried, "don't sing that. I don't want you to sing it," and she laid her glass so impetuously and blindly upon the table as to shatter it against a carafe. The wine spilled over Arobin's legs and some of it trickled down upon Mrs. Highcamp's black gauze gown. Victor had lost all idea of courtesy, or else he thought his hostess was not in earnest, for he laughed and went on: "Ah! si tu savais Ce que tes yeux me disent"-"Oh! you mustn't! you mustn't," exclaimed Edna, and pushing back her chair she got up, and going behind him placed her hand over his mouth. He kissed the soft palm that pressed upon his lips. "No, no, I won't, Mrs. Pontellier. I didn't know you meant it," looking up at her with caressing eyes. The touch of his lips was like a pleasing sting to her hand. She lifted the garland of roses from his head and flung it across the room. "Come, Victor; you've posed long enough. Give Mrs. Highcamp her scarf." Mrs. Highcamp undraped the scarf from about him with her own hands.

Thesaurus amber: (n) yellow, yellowness, electrum, ambergris, gold, brown, electron, gum; (adj) chromatic. carafe: (n) bottle, jug, container, flask, flagon, pitcher, container for liquid, thermos, water jug, hip flask. caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n) petting, foreplay, stimulation, dalliance, smooching, snuggling, arousal, hugging, cuddling. filmy: (adj) diaphanous, delicate, sheer, transparent, gauzy, fine, thin,

vaporous, limpid, light, ethereal. ANTONYMS: (adj) opaque, clear, thick, coarse, robust, heavy. impetuously: (adv) rashly, impulsively, vehemently, precipitately, fiercely, headily, passionately, intensely, fierily, spontaneously, thoughtlessly. ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately, sensibly, patiently. reverie: (n) dream, fantasy, air castle, brown study, revery, trance,

abstraction, castle in Spain, castle in the air; (adj) preoccupation, distraction. ANTONYM: (n) reality. shatter: (v) fragment, ruin, smash, destroy, burst, dash, rupture, crash, crumble, crack, demolish. tuning: (n) adjustment, change, calibration, alteration, standardisation, standardization, modification; (v) adjust. undraped: (adj) nude, stark, unclothed, bare; (v) undressed.

Kate Chopin

153

Miss Mayblunt and Mr. Gouvernail suddenly conceived the notion that it was time to say good night. And Mr. and Mrs. Merriman wondered how it could be so late.% Before parting from Victor, Mrs. Highcamp invited him to call upon her daughter, who she knew would be charmed to meet him and talk French and sing French songs with him. Victor expressed his desire and intention to call upon Miss Highcamp at the first opportunity which presented itself. He asked if Arobin were going his way. Arobin was not. The mandolin players had long since stolen away. A profound stillness had fallen upon the broad, beautiful street. The voices of Edna's disbanding guests jarred like a discordant note upon the quiet harmony of the night.

Thesaurus charmed: (adj) enchanted, delighted, fascinated, spellbound, entranced, captive, beguiled, infatuated, absorbed, enamored, captive hours. conceived: (adj) formed. discordant: (adj) conflicting, dissonant, jarring, raucous, incompatible, discrepant, inconsistent, disharmonious, harsh, hoarse, incongruous. ANTONYMS: (adj) musical, melodic, compatible, pleasant, cooperating, accordant,

agreeable, agreeing, soft. harmony: (n) accord, consonance, agreement, correspondence, accordance, congruity, consistency, amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v) concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, disagreement, argument, conflict, bitterness, harshness, incongruity, uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval. mandolin: (n) mandoline, chordophone. sing: (v) hymn, hum, chirp, drone,

intone, vocalize, pipe, carol, snitch; (n, v) twitter, squeak. stillness: (n) hush, calmness, immobility, serenity, silence, quietness, peacefulness; (adj, n) calm, quiet, peace, still. ANTONYMS: (n) bustle, movement, uproar, motion, turbulence, turmoil, vigor, disturbance, chaos, agitation. stolen: (adj) stealed, stole, stealing, steal, steals, furtive, stealthy, secret, taken, misbegotten, sly.

Kate Chopin

155

XXXI

"Well?" questioned Arobin, who had remained with Edna after the others had departed.% "Well," she reiterated, and stood up, stretching her arms, and feeling the need to relax her muscles after having been so long seated. "What next?" he asked. "The servants are all gone. They left when the musicians did. I have dismissed them. The house has to be closed and locked, and I shall trot around to the pigeon house, and shall send Celestine over in the morning to straighten things up." He looked around, and began to turn out some of the lights. "What about upstairs?" he inquired. "I think it is all right; but there may be a window or two unlatched. We had better look; you might take a candle and see. And bring me my wrap and hat on the foot of the bed in the middle room." He went up with the light, and Edna began closing doors and windows. She hated to shut in the smoke and the fumes of the wine. Arobin found her cape and hat, which he brought down and helped her to put on. When everything was secured and the lights put out, they left through the

Thesaurus cape: (n) headland, ness, shawl, tippet, coat, point, mantelet, promontory, mantle, capellet, capeskin. dismissed: (adj) discharged, unemployed, clear, convalescent. muscles: (n) sinew, strength. pigeon: (n) dove, gull, gudgeon, cully, ringdove, victim, cushat, gobemouche, cull; (v) bilk, mulct. reiterated: (adj) repeated, monotonous, frequent. relax: (adj, v) loose, debilitate, weaken;

(v) abate, lounge, unbend, give, melt, extend. remit, relieve; (adj, n, v) relent. trot: (n, v) run; (n) crib, canter, pony, ANTONYMS: (v) tense, compress, gait, ride, lope; (v) gallop, general, strain, stiffen, increase, fluster, bend, frequent, household. unlatched: (adj) unbarred, agitate, impose. secured: (adj) secure, protected, firm, unguaranteed, loose, unlocked, locked, fast, bonded, bolted, barred, unsecured. wrap: (v) envelop, cover, roll, wind, latched, securer, obtained. stretching: (n) tension, stretch, shroud, enfold, enclose, drape; (n, v) cloak, swathe; (n) wrapping. expansion, workout, reach, ANTONYMS: (v) uncover, undo, amplification, stretchiness, enlargement; (adj) stretched, long; (v) unwind, expose, reveal.

156

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

front door, Arobin locking it and taking the key, which he carried for Edna. He helped her down the steps.% "Will you have a spray of jessamine?" he asked, breaking off a few blossoms as he passed. "No; I don't want anything." She seemed disheartened, and had nothing to say. She took his arm, which he offered her, holding up the weight of her satin train with the other hand. She looked down, noticing the black line of his leg moving in and out so close to her against the yellow shimmer of her gown. There was the whistle of a railway train somewhere in the distance, and the midnight bells were ringing. They met no one in their short walk. The "pigeon house" stood behind a locked gate, and a shallow parterre that had been somewhat neglected. There was a small front porch, upon which a long window and the front door opened. The door opened directly into the parlor; there was no side entry. Back in the yard was a room for servants, in which old Celestine had been ensconced. Edna had left a lamp burning low upon the table. She had succeeded in making the room look habitable and homelike. There were some books on the table and a lounge near at hand. On the floor was a fresh matting, covered with a rug or two; and on the walls hung a few tasteful pictures. But the room was filled with flowers. These were a surprise to her. Arobin had sent them, and had had Celestine distribute them during Edna's absence. Her bedroom was adjoining, and across a small passage were the diningroom and kitchen. Edna seated herself with every appearance of discomfort. "Are you tired?" he asked. "Yes, and chilled, and miserable. I feel as if I had been wound up to a certain pitch--too tight--and something inside of me had snapped." She rested her head against the table upon her bare arm. "You want to rest," he said, "and to be quiet. I'll go; I'll leave you and let you rest."

Thesaurus adjoining: (adj) contiguous, neighbor, near, abutting, touching, conterminous, neighboring, immediate, next, vicinal; (adj, v) close. ANTONYMS: (adj) separate, divided, detached, apart, far. chilled: (adj) frozen, freezing, cool, refrigerated, icy, inhibited, restrained, confined, shivering, iced, stiff. ensconced: (v) imbedded, situate, posited.

habitable: (adj) livable, liveable. conscious. homelike: (adj) domestic, cosy, parlor: (n) front room, lounge, sitting comfortable, homy, easeful, snug, room, saloon, salon, parlour, parlors, cozy, homey, comfy, homebody. livingroom, common room, parlours, locking: (n) lockup, bolting, drawing room. interlocking, engagement, cordoning parterre: (adj) esplanade, estrade; (n) off, closing off, binding, guarding. shrubbery, seats, seating, plantation, matting: (n) matt, mounting, carpet, pinery, pinetum, orchard, ledge, gym mat, flatness, floor covering, avenue. satin: (adj) glossy, sleek, velvet, down, matte, master of arts in teaching, lusterlessness. silky, silklike, silken, satiny, velure; noticing: (n) observation, look; (adj) (n) cloth, fabric.

Kate Chopin

157

"Yes," she replied.% He stood up beside her and smoothed her hair with his soft, magnetic hand. His touch conveyed to her a certain physical comfort. She could have fallen quietly asleep there if he had continued to pass his hand over her hair. He brushed the hair upward from the nape of her neck. "I hope you will feel better and happier in the morning," he said. "You have tried to do too much in the past few days. The dinner was the last straw; you might have dispensed with it." "Yes," she admitted; "it was stupid." "No, it was delightful; but it has worn you out." His hand had strayed to her beautiful shoulders, and he could feel the response of her flesh to his touch. He seated himself beside her and kissed her lightly upon the shoulder. "I thought you were going away," she said, in an uneven voice. "I am, after I have said good night." "Good night," she murmured. He did not answer, except to continue to caress her. He did not say good night until she had become supple to his gentle, seductive entreaties.

Thesaurus brushed: (adj) napped, fleecy. disproportionate; (adj, n) jagged, alluring, inviting, desirable, sexy, delightful: (adj) delicious, delectable, rugged, harsh, ragged; (adj, v) irresistible, persuasive, charming, broken. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, charming, pleasing, grateful, blissful, fascinating; (adj, v) seducing. ANTONYM: (adj) repulsive. amiable, adorable, lovely, nice, straight, equal, symmetrical, gorgeous. ANTONYMS: (adj) supple: (adj, v) flexible, pliable, limber, corresponding, balanced, constant, pliant; (adj) lithe, soft, plastic, unpleasant, unwelcome, hateful, stable, consistent, level, steady. miserable, unhappy, unappealing, graceful, lithesome, lissom, lissome. upward: (adv) upwards, upwardly, ANTONYMS: (adj) rigid, inflexible, aloft; (adj) overhead, rising, upper, horrific, horrible, disagreeable, depressing, annoying. stocky, clumsy, hard, rough, slow, increasing, open, vertical, mounting, nape: (n) nucha, scruff, occiput, rear, upright. ANTONYMS: (adj) tight, unyielding. uneven: (adj) unequal, irregular, descending, downward; (adv) down. back end, backside, chine. seductive: (adj) enticing, tempting, patchy, spotty, erratic,

Kate Chopin

159

XXXII

When Mr. Pontellier learned of his wife's intention to abandon her home and take up her residence elsewhere, he immediately wrote her a letter of unqualified disapproval and remonstrance. She had given reasons which he was unwilling to acknowledge as adequate. He hoped she had not acted upon her rash impulse; and he begged her to consider first, foremost, and above all else, what people would say. He was not dreaming of scandal when he uttered this warning; that was a thing which would never have entered into his mind to consider in connection with his wife's name or his own. He was simply thinking of his financial integrity. It might get noised about that the Pontelliers had met with reverses, and were forced to conduct their menage on a humbler scale than heretofore. It might do incalculable mischief to his business prospects.% But remembering Edna's whimsical turn of mind of late, and foreseeing that she had immediately acted upon her impetuous determination, he grasped the situation with his usual promptness and handled it with his well-known business tact and cleverness. The same mail which brought. to Edna his letter of disapproval carried instructions--the most minute instructions--to a well-known architect concerning the remodeling of his home, changes which he had long contemplated, and which he desired carried forward during his temporary absence.

Thesaurus carried: (adj) conveyed, imported. worthless, tiny, slight, finite, few, contemplated: (adj) intended, willful. definite, small, minor. heretofore: (adv) formerly, as yet, menage: (n) household, house, home, before, so far, yet, already, until now, manage, folk, kin, class, family unit, previously, once, hereunto; (adv, n) mansion, kinsperson, kinsfolk. promptness: (n) promptitude, agility, hitherto. incalculable: (adj) countless, celerity, readiness, eagerness, innumerable, numberless, boundless, expedition, dispatch, rapidity, inestimable, immense, infinite, alacrity, punctuality, speed. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, myriad, numerous, invaluable, unpredictable. ANTONYMS: (adj) sluggishness, tardiness, delay. remodeling: (n) correction, adaptation, calculable, negligible, limited,

change, conversion, redress. remonstrance: (n) protest, expostulation, objection, dissuasion, censure, remonstration, reprehension, admonition, monstrance, mediation, dehortation. whimsical: (adj, n) fanciful, eccentric; (adj) capricious, freakish, humorous, changeable, fickle, erratic, wayward, odd, arbitrary. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, behaving, normal, serious, predictable.

160

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

Expert and reliable packers and movers were engaged to convey the furniture, carpets, pictures --everything movable, in short--to places of security. And in an incredibly short time the Pontellier house was turned over to the artisans. There was to be an addition--a small snuggery; there was to be frescoing, and hardwood flooring was to be put into such rooms as had not yet been subjected to this improvement.% Furthermore, in one of the daily papers appeared a brief notice to the effect that Mr. and Mrs. Pontellier were contemplating a summer sojourn abroad, and that their handsome residence on Esplanade Street was undergoing sumptuous alterations, and would not be ready for occupancy until their return. Mr. Pontellier had saved appearances! Edna admired the skill of his maneuver, and avoided any occasion to balk his intentions. When the situation as set forth by Mr. Pontellier was accepted and taken for granted, she was apparently satisfied that it should be so. The pigeon house pleased her. It at once assumed the intimate character of a home, while she herself invested it with a charm which it reflected like a warm glow. There was with her a feeling of having descended in the social scale, with a corresponding sense of having risen in the spiritual. Every step which she took toward relieving herself from obligations added to her strength and expansion as an individual. She began to look with her own eyes; to see and to apprehend the deeper undercurrents of life. No longer was she content to "feed upon opinion" when her own soul had invited her. After a little while, a few days, in fact, Edna went up and spent a week with her children in Iberville. They were delicious February days, with all the summer's promise hovering in the air. How glad she was to see the children! She wept for very pleasure when she felt their little arms clasping her; their hard, ruddy cheeks pressed against her own glowing cheeks. She looked into their faces with hungry eyes that could not be satisfied with looking. And what stories they had to tell their mother! About the pigs, the cows, the mules! About riding to the mill behind Gluglu; fishing back in the lake with their Uncle Jasper; picking pecans with Lidie's little black

Thesaurus apprehend: (v) arrest, comprehend, ground, bottom, floored, level, story, grasp, catch, understand, fathom, carpeting, bell deck, bridge decking. realize, sense, follow, nail; (adj, v) hardwood: (n) timber. ANTONYM: conceive. ANTONYMS: (v) (adj) softwood. maneuver: (n, v) manoeuvre, scheme, misunderstand, discharge, free, measure, act; (n) ruse, artifice, device, liberate. balk: (n, v) frustrate; (n) hindrance, stratagem, trick; (v) guide, handle. setback, barrier; (v) retard, prevent, movable: (adj) portable, transferable, flinch, traverse, hamper, baffle, foil. mercurial, adjustable, ambulatory, ANTONYMS: (v) aid, facilitate, help, changeable, transportable, moveable, flexible, active; (v) shifting. proceed, progress, agree, approve. flooring: (n) floorboard, floors, base, ANTONYMS: (adj) immovable,

unchangeable. pecans: (n) Juglandaceae, hickories, family Juglandaceae. relieving: (adj) pertinent, comforting, applicable; (n) encouragement. risen: (v) uprise. snuggery: (n) nest, nidus, cubbyhole, snug, den, room, pigeonhole. sojourn: (adj, v) reside, inhabit; (n) residence, abode; (adj, n, v) stay; (v) remain, lodge, abide, live; (n, v) delay, domicile.

Kate Chopin

161

brood, and hauling chips in their express wagon. It was a thousand times more fun to haul real chips for old lame Susie's real fire than to drag painted blocks along the banquette on Esplanade Street! She went with them herself to see the pigs and the cows, to look at the darkies laying the cane, to thrash the pecan trees, and catch fish in the back lake. She lived with them a whole week long, giving them all of herself, and gathering and filling herself with their young existence. They listened, breathless, when she told them the house in Esplanade Street was crowded with workmen, hammering, nailing, sawing, and filling the place with clatter. They wanted. to know where their bed was; what had been done with their rocking-horse; and where did Joe sleep, and where had Ellen gone, and the cook? But, above all, they were fired with a desire to see the little house around the block. Was there any place to play? Were there any boys next door? Raoul, with pessimistic foreboding, was convinced that there were only girls next door. Where would they sleep, and where would papa sleep? She told them the fairies would fix it all right.% The old Madame was charmed with Edna's visit, and showered all manner of delicate attentions upon her. She was delighted to know that the Esplanade Street house was in a dismantled condition. It gave her the promise and pretext to keep the children indefinitely. It was with a wrench and a pang that Edna left her children. She carried away with her the sound of their voices and the touch of their cheeks. All along the journey homeward their presence lingered with her like the memory of a delicious song. But by the time she had regained the city the song no longer echoed in her soul. She was again alone.

Thesaurus brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think, hammering: (n) beating, pounding, becripple. incubate; (n) offspring, issue, pessimistic: (adj) sad, cynical, pound, fagging, drudgery, needle progeny, young, posterity, family; hammer, defeat, knock, failure, depressed, hopeless, despairing, (adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v) British pound, Ezra Loomin Pound. negative, pessimist, resigned, ANTONYM: (n) victory. reassure, delight, console. foreboding, distrustful, misanthropic. dismantled: (adj) razed, destroyed. hauling: (n) pull, haulage, shipping, ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, foreboding: (n) apprehension, boding, transportation, cartage, drag, confident, constructive, cheery, presentiment, fear, anxiety, carrying, haul, towing, vehicle, cheerful. went: (v) walked, proceeded. premonition, misgiving, anticipation, trucking. sign; (adj) ominous, sinister. lame: (adj) crippled, disabled, halting, wrench: (n, v) pull, jerk, strain, turn, ANTONYMS: (adj) favorable; (n) feeble, halt, weak, paralytic; (adj, n) twist, tug, yank; (n) spanner; (v) game; (adj, v) paralyze, maim, calmness, bravery, equanimity. distort, contort, force.

Kate Chopin

163

XXXIII

It happened sometimes when Edna went to see Mademoiselle Reisz that the little musician was absent, giving a lesson or making some small necessary household purchase. The key was always left in a secret hiding-place in the entry, which Edna knew. If Mademoiselle happened to be away, Edna would usually enter and wait for her return.% When she knocked at Mademoiselle Reisz's door one afternoon there was no response; so unlocking the door, as usual, she entered and found the apartment deserted, as she had expected. Her day had been quite filled up, and it was for a rest, for a refuge, and to talk about Robert, that she sought out her friend. She had worked at her canvas--a young Italian character study--all the morning, completing the work without the model; but there had been many interruptions, some incident to her modest housekeeping, and others of a social nature. Madame Ratignolle had dragged herself over, avoiding the too public thoroughfares, she said. She complained that Edna had neglected her much of late. Besides, she was consumed with curiosity to see the little house and the manner in which it was conducted. She wanted to hear all about the dinner party; Monsieur Ratignolle had left so early. What had happened after he left? The champagne and grapes which Edna sent over were TOO delicious. She had

Thesaurus avoiding: (n) shunning; (adj) fugitive, antisocial. completing: (adj) complementary, complemental, final, unessential, definitive, consummative; (n) finishing, carrying out, implementation. conducted: (adj) directed, guided. consumed: (adj) exhausted, finished, used up, worn, depleted, obsessed, possessed, lost, tired, immersed, gone.

deserted: (adj) desert, solitary, empty, accompanist, harpsichordist, harpist. lonely, isolated, forsaken, lonesome, neglected: (adj) dilapidated, desolate, bleak, vacant; (adj, v) disregarded, ignored, deserted, forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj) occupied, derelict, forsaken, obsolete, packed, crowded, mobbed, antiquated, antique, shabby, unnoticed. ANTONYM: (adj) populated, populous, overcrowded. grapes: (v) clam, chupatty, compote, salubrious. damper, fish, frumenty, chowder; (n) refuge: (n) sanctuary, asylum, safety, vintage. retreat, cover, harborage, haven, musician: (n) singer, composer, shelter, harbor; (n, v) recourse, resort. instrumentalist, minstrel, clarinettist, sought: (adj) required, quest, seeking, lutenist, director, choirmaster, popular.

164

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

so little appetite; they had refreshed and toned her stomach. Where on earth was she going to put Mr. Pontellier in that little house, and the boys? And then she made Edna promise to go to her when her hour of trial overtook her.% "At any time--any time of the day or night, dear," Edna assured her. Before leaving Madame Ratignolle said: "In some way you seem to me like a child, Edna. You seem to act without a certain amount of reflection which is necessary in this life. That is the reason I want to say you mustn't mind if I advise you to be a little careful while you are living here alone. Why don't you have some one come and stay with you? Wouldn't Mademoiselle Reisz come?" "No; she wouldn't wish to come, and I shouldn't want her always with me." "Well, the reason--you know how evil-minded the world is--some one was talking of Alcee Arobin visiting you. Of course, it wouldn't matter if Mr. Arobin had not such a dreadful reputation. Monsieur Ratignolle was telling me that his attentions alone are considered enough to ruin a woman s name." "Does he boast of his successes?" asked Edna, indifferently, squinting at her picture. "No, I think not. I believe he is a decent fellow as far as that goes. But his character is so well known among the men. I shan't be able to come back and see you; it was very, very imprudent to-day." "Mind the step!" cried Edna. "Don't neglect me," entreated Madame Ratignolle; "and don't mind what I said about Arobin, or having some one to stay with you. "Of course not," Edna laughed. "You may say anything you like to me." They kissed each other good-by. Madame Ratignolle had not far to go, and Edna stood on the porch a while watching her walk down the street. Then in the afternoon Mrs. Merriman and Mrs. Highcamp had made their "party call." Edna felt that they might have dispensed with the formality. They had also come to invite her to play vingt-et-un one evening at Mrs. Merriman's.

Thesaurus appetite: (n, v) desire; (n) appetence, formality: (n) ceremony, formalities, appetency, relish, inclination, decorum, etiquette, custom, stomach, taste, thirst, passion, liking, ceremoniousness, starch, ritual, rite, gusto. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, observance; (n, v) stiffness. repulsion, revulsion, apathy, distaste. ANTONYMS: (n) casualness, boast: (v) bluster, brag, blow, crow, possibility, warmth, friendliness. gasconade, show off, rodomontade, imprudent: (adj) foolish, foolhardy, exult; (n, v) vaunt, pride; (n) indiscreet, hasty, improvident, arrogance. ANTONYMS: (n) impolitic, heedless, unadvised, deprecation; (v) downplay, lack. injudicious, unwary, unwise. evil-minded: (adj) malevolent, ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, prudent, lascivious. cautious, wise, deliberate, discreet,

guarded, judicious, advisable. overtook: (v) overtake. ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj, n) downfall; (v) break, consume, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom, ravage, destruction, damage. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance, save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect; (n) making, success, triumph, rise, preservation. squinting: (n) strabismus; (adj) closed. toned: (adj) pastel.

Kate Chopin

165

She was asked to go early, to dinner, and Mr. Merriman or Mr. Arobin would take her home. Edna accepted in a half-hearted way. She sometimes felt very tired of Mrs. Highcamp and Mrs. Merriman.% Late in the afternoon she sought refuge with Mademoiselle Reisz, and stayed there alone, waiting for her, feeling a kind of repose invade her with the very atmosphere of the shabby, unpretentious little room. Edna sat at the window, which looked out over the house-tops and across the river. The window frame was filled with pots of flowers, and she sat and picked the dry leaves from a rose geranium. The day was warm, and the breeze which blew from the river was very pleasant. She removed her hat and laid it on the piano. She went on picking the leaves and digging around the plants with her hat pin. Once she thought she heard Mademoiselle Reisz approaching. But it was a young black girl, who came in, bringing a small bundle of laundry, which she deposited in the adjoining room, and went away. Edna seated herself at the piano, and softly picked out with one hand the bars of a piece of music which lay open before her. A half-hour went by. There was the occasional sound of people going and coming in the lower hall. She was growing interested in her occupation of picking out the aria, when there was a second rap at the door. She vaguely wondered what these people did when they found Mademoiselle's door locked. "Come in," she called, turning her face toward the door. And this time it was Robert Lebrun who presented himself. She attempted to rise; she could not have done so without betraying the agitation which mastered her at sight of him, so she fell back upon the stool, only exclaiming, "Why, Robert!" He came and clasped her hand, seemingly without knowing what he was saying or doing. "Mrs. Pontellier! How do you happen--oh! how well you look! Is Mademoiselle Reisz not here? I never expected to see you." "When did you come back?" asked Edna in an unsteady voice, wiping her face with her handkerchief. She seemed ill at ease on the piano stool, and he

Thesaurus aria: (n) air, tune, melody, song, strain, unsympathetic, listless. invade: (v) infringe, intrude, occupy, apparent character, arietta, ariette, hymn, action. overrun, impinge, encroach upon, bars: (n) grinding media, gymnastics, raid, infest; (n, v) assail, attack, assault. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, parallel bars. betraying: (adj) treacherous, revealing, surrender. mastered: (adj) down pat, low, Judas. exclaiming: (n) deuce, Dickens, downhearted, perfecter, dispirited, ejaculation, exclaim, devil, depressed, declining, downcast, interjection, ecphonesis. down in the mouth, cut down, half-hearted: (adj) hesitant, lukewarm, beaten. unpretentious: (adj) plain, humble, irresolute, lackadaisical, tepid,

unassuming, quiet, simple, unpretending, unobtrusive, unostentatious, understated, homely, small. ANTONYMS: (adj) pretentious, affected, arrogant, ostentatious, fancy, flashy. unsteady: (adj) insecure, changeable, dizzy, unbalanced, rickety, unsettled, shaky, unsound, precarious, uneven; (adj, n) uncertain. ANTONYMS: (adj) steady, stable, alert, firm, secure, constant.

166

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

begged her to take the chair by the window.% She did so, mechanically, while he seated himself on the stool. "I returned day before yesterday," he answered, while he leaned his arm on the keys, bringing forth a crash of discordant sound. "Day before yesterday!" she repeated, aloud; and went on thinking to herself, "day before yesterday," in a sort of an uncomprehending way. She had pictured him seeking her at the very first hour, and he had lived under the same sky since day before yesterday; while only by accident had he stumbled upon her. Mademoiselle must have lied when she said, "Poor fool, he loves you." "Day before yesterday," she repeated, breaking off a spray of Mademoiselle's geranium; "then if you had not met me here to-day you wouldn't--when--that is, didn't you mean to come and see me?" "Of course, I should have gone to see you. There have been so many things--" he turned the leaves of Mademoiselle's music nervously. "I started in at once yesterday with the old firm. After all there is as much chance for me here as there was there--that is, I might find it profitable some day. The Mexicans were not very congenial." So he had come back because the Mexicans were not congenial; because business was as profitable here as there; because of any reason, and not because he cared to be near her. She remembered the day she sat on the floor, turning the pages of his letter, seeking the reason which was left untold. She had not noticed how he looked--only feeling his presence; but she turned deliberately and observed him. After all, he had been absent but a few months, and was not changed. His hair--the color of hers--waved back from his temples in the same way as before. His skin was not more burned than it had been at Grand Isle. She found in his eyes, when he looked at her for one silent moment, the same tender caress, with an added warmth and entreaty which had not been there before the same glance which had penetrated to the sleeping places of her soul and awakened them. A hundred times Edna had pictured Robert's return, and imagined their first

Thesaurus aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong, pictured: (adj) envisioned, portrayed, out, audibly, hard, forte. graphic, delineate, delineated, ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, inaudibly, impictured, unreal, visualised, quietly. visualized, impressed. burned: (adj) baked, scorched, seeking: (n) hunt, pursuit, hunting, effort, pursuance; (adj) searching, tempered, sore, hurt, heated, hardened, destroyed, bleak, parched, zetetic; (prep) looking for. sleeping: (adj) asleep, inactive, latent, adust. lied: (n) song, hymn. sleepy, vegetive, vegetative; (n) mademoiselle: (n) girl, signorina, dormancy, noctambulism, damsel, drum, silver perch, quiescence, quiescency, short sleep. ANTONYMS: (adj) active; (n) drumfish.

waking. spray: (n) mist, froth, aerosol, atomizer, foam, branch; (n, v) spout, spurt; (v) splash, shower, atomize. ANTONYM: (v) trickle. stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, droppings, bowel movement, form. uncomprehending: (adj) vacuous, expressionless, undiscerning, inane, empty, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) knowing, animated.

Kate Chopin

167

meeting. % It was usually at her home, whither he had sought her out at once. She always fancied him expressing or betraying in some way his love for her. And here, the reality was that they sat ten feet apart, she at the window, crushing geranium leaves in her hand and smelling them, he twirling around on the piano stool, saying: "I was very much surprised to hear of Mr. Pontellier's absence; it's a wonder Mademoiselle Reisz did not tell me; and your moving--mother told me yesterday. I should think you would have gone to New York with him, or to Iberville with the children, rather than be bothered here with housekeeping. And you are going abroad, too, I hear. We shan't have you at Grand Isle next summer; it won't seem--do you see much of Mademoiselle Reisz? She often spoke of you in the few letters she wrote." "Do you remember that you promised to write to me when you went away?" A flush overspread his whole face. "I couldn't believe that my letters would be of any interest to you." "That is an excuse; it isn't the truth." Edna reached for her hat on the piano. She adjusted it, sticking the hat pin through the heavy coil of hair with some deliberation. "Are you not going to wait for Mademoiselle Reisz?" asked Robert. "No; I have found when she is absent this long, she is liable not to come back till late." She drew on her gloves, and Robert picked up his hat. "Won't you wait for her?" asked Edna. "Not if you think she will not be back till late," adding, as if suddenly aware of some discourtesy in his speech, "and I should miss the pleasure of walking home with you." Edna locked the door and put the key back in its hiding-place. They went together, picking their way across muddy streets and sidewalks encumbered with the cheap display of small tradesmen. Part of the distance they rode in the car, and after disembarking, passed the Pontellier mansion, which looked broken and half torn asunder. Robert had never known the house, and looked at it with interest.

Thesaurus asunder: (adj, v) separate; (adv) aside, in two; (adj, adv) in Twain; (adj) loose, distant, adrift, aloof; (v) discrete, far between, free. ANTONYM: (adv) together. discourtesy: (n) indignity, rudeness, incivility, affront, contempt, contumely, insult, abruptness, brusqueness, impudence, bad manners. ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, civility. encumbered: (adj) burdened,

burdensome, weighed down, heavy, deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM: (adj) unencumbered. expressing: (adj) significant; (n) speech. feet: (v) legs, pegs, pins, trotters; (n) foots, ft, fete, meter, rescue. hair: (n) coat, coma, haircloth, pile, locks, filament, fleece, fur, hairbreadth, down, forelock. leaves: (n) departure, leaving, plants, trees, vegetation.

passed: (adj) accepted, approved, legal, gone. smelling: (n) smell, flavor, scent, olfactory modality, sensing, sense of smell; (adj) redolent, scented, odorous, stinking, rotten. streets: (n) street. tradesmen: (n) fellow tradesmen. whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for.

168

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"I never knew you in your home," he remarked. "I am glad you did not." "Why?" She did not answer. They went on around the corner, and it seemed as if her dreams were coming true after all, when he followed her into the little house. "You must stay and dine with me, Robert. You see I am all alone, and it is so long since I have seen you. There is so much I want to ask you." She took off her hat and gloves. He stood irresolute, making some excuse about his mother who expected him; he even muttered something about an engagement. She struck a match and lit the lamp on the table; it was growing dusk. When he saw her face in the lamp-light, looking pained, with all the soft lines gone out of it, he threw his hat aside and seated himself. "Oh! you know I want to stay if you will let me!" he exclaimed. All the softness came back. She laughed, and went and put her hand on his shoulder. "This is the first moment you have seemed like the old Robert. I'll go tell Celestine." She hurried away to tell Celestine to set an extra place. She even sent her off in search of some added delicacy which she had not thought of for herself. And she recommended great care in dripping the coffee and having the omelet done to a proper turn. When she reentered, Robert was turning over magazines, sketches, and things that lay upon the table in great disorder. He picked up a photograph, and exclaimed: % "Alcee Arobin! What on earth is his picture doing here?" "I tried to make a sketch of his head one day," answered Edna, "and he thought the photograph might help me. It was at the other house. I thought it had been left there. I must have packed it up with my drawing materials." "I should think you would give it back to him if you have finished with it." "Oh! I have a great many such photographs. I never think of returning them. They don't amount to anything." Robert kept on looking at the picture.

Thesaurus dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast, dining, dusky. ANTONYMS: (n) dawn, light, meal, give, have supper, take tea, daybreak, morning, afternoon. irresolute: (adj) hesitant, uncertain, grub, consume, entertain. ANTONYM: (v) abstain. hesitating, infirm, spineless, dripping: (adj) wet, damp, drenched, doubtful, weak, undecided, fickle, sodden, soaked, soggy; (adj, adv) fluctuating, inconstant. ANTONYMS: sopping, soaking; (adj, v) reeking; (n) (adj) resolute, firm, stubborn, dribble, a drop. ANTONYM: (adj) unyielding, determined, decided, lacking. decisive, strong, confident. dusk: (n) nightfall, twilight, darkness, omelet: (n) firm omelet, fluffy omelet; (v) pudding. gloaming, sunset, gloom, night, shade, shadow, sundown; (adj) pained: (adj) offended, aggrieved,

distressed, displeased, sore, grieved, miserable, injured, wounded, worried, upset. ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected. softness: (n) mildness, kindness, flabbiness, flaccidity, suavity, downiness, gentleness, tenderness, faintness; (adj, n) delicacy; (adj) smoothness. ANTONYMS: (n) rigidity, hoarseness, brightness, hardness, volume, harshness, tone, noise, heaviness, firmness, loudness.

Kate Chopin

169

"It seems to me--do you think his head worth drawing? Is he a friend of Mr. Pontellier's? You never said you knew him." "He isn't a friend of Mr. Pontellier's; he's a friend of mine. I always knew him-that is, it is only of late that I know him pretty well. But I'd rather talk about you, and know what you have been seeing and doing and feeling out there in Mexico." Robert threw aside the picture. "I've been seeing the waves and the white beach of Grand Isle; the quiet, grassy street of the Cheniere; the old fort at Grande Terre. I've been working like a machine, and feeling like a lost soul. There was nothing interesting." She leaned her head upon her hand to shade her eyes from the light. "And what have you been seeing and doing and feeling all these days?" he asked. "I've been seeing the waves and the white beach of Grand Isle; the quiet, grassy street of the Cheniere Caminada; the old sunny fort at Grande Terre. I've been working with a little more comprehension than a machine, and still feeling like a lost soul. There was nothing interesting." "Mrs. Pontellier, you are cruel," he said, with feeling, closing his eyes and resting his head back in his chair. They remained in silence till old Celestine announced dinner. %

Thesaurus closing: (n) end, finish, conclusion, close, ending, shutting, finishing; (adj) ultimate, last, final, terminal. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) opening; (adj) first. comprehension: (n) knowledge, inclusion, conception, understanding, intelligence, grasp, wit, capacity, familiarity, discernment, uptake. ANTONYMS: (n) incomprehension, ignorance. fort: (n) fortress, citadel, fortification,

stronghold, bastion, defense, bulwark, refuge, defence, garrison; (v) fortify. grassy: (adj) verdant, gramineous, weedy, herby, woody, fertile, blossoming, abundant, leafy, lush, flourishing. ANTONYMS: (adj) grassless, urban, withering. resting: (adj) idle, quiescent, inactive, dormant, quiet, sleeping, reclining, obligatory, unemployed, asleep; (n) repose.

shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow, tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue, blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten, clarify, expose. sunny: (adj) bright, clear, gay, cheerful, merry, blithe, shiny, shining, radiant, brilliant, fair. ANTONYMS: (adj) overcast, dull, shady, unhappy, cloudy, sad, miserable, gloomy, unpleasant.

Kate Chopin

171

XXXIV

The dining-room was very small. Edna's round mahogany would have almost filled it. As it was there was but a step or two from the little table to the kitchen, to the mantel, the small buffet, and the side door that opened out on the narrow brick-paved yard.% A certain degree of ceremony settled upon them with the announcement of dinner. There was no return to personalities. Robert related incidents of his sojourn in Mexico, and Edna talked of events likely to interest him, which had occurred during his absence. The dinner was of ordinary quality, except for the few delicacies which she had sent out to purchase. Old Celestine, with a bandana tignon twisted about her head, hobbled in and out, taking a personal interest in everything; and she lingered occasionally to talk patois with Robert, whom she had known as a boy. He went out to a neighboring cigar stand to purchase cigarette papers, and when he came back he found that Celestine had served the black coffee in the parlor. "Perhaps I shouldn't have come back," he said. "When you are tired of me, tell me to go." "You never tire me. You must have forgotten the hours and hours at Grand Isle in which we grew accustomed to each other and used to being together."

Thesaurus accustomed: (adj, n) habitual; (adj) familiar, normal, wonted, usual, natural, everyday, ordinary, habituated, common, traditional. ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, green, unseasoned, unconventional, untrained, abnormal, uncharacteristic, exceptional. bandana: (n) bandanna, hankie, hanky, handkerchief, hankey. buffet: (n, v) blow, cuff, hit, smack, buff; (v) beat, batter, knock, punch;

(n) restaurant, canteen. patois: (n) idiom, dialect, lingo, slang, ceremony: (n) courtesy, celebration, cant, vernacular, accent, brogue, ceremonial, parade, pomp, rite, language, argot, tongue. ceremonies, manners, custom, ritual, tire: (n, v) bore, jade; (adj, n, v) fatigue; pageant. ANTONYMS: (n) modesty, (v) exhaust, harass, fag, weary, wear, pall, prostrate; (n) tyre. ANTONYMS: understatement. cigar: (n) cheroot, cigars, smoke, (v) interest, invigorate, energize. cigarette, corona, panatela, panetella, twisted: (adj) perverted, deformed, segar, cigarillo. bent, distorted, misshapen, coiled, cigarette: (adj) cigar; (n) tobacco, fag, twined, curved, wry, contorted; (adj, v) winding. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, butt, can, coffin nail, cubeb, scroll, buttocks, reefer, butt joint. normal, perfect, wholesome.

172

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"I have forgotten nothing at Grand Isle," he said, not looking at her, but rolling a cigarette. His tobacco pouch, which he laid upon the table, was a fantastic embroidered silk affair, evidently the handiwork of a woman.% "You used to carry your tobacco in a rubber pouch," said Edna, picking up the pouch and examining the needlework. "Yes; it was lost." "Where did you buy this one? In Mexico?" "It was given to me by a Vera Cruz girl; they are very generous," he replied, striking a match and lighting his cigarette. "They are very handsome, I suppose, those Mexican women; very picturesque, with their black eyes and their lace scarfs." "Some are; others are hideous. just as you find women everywhere." "What was she like--the one who gave you the pouch? known her very well."

You must have

"She was very ordinary. She wasn't of the slightest importance. I knew her well enough." "Did you visit at her house? Was it interesting? I should like to know and hear about the people you met, and the impressions they made on you." "There are some people who leave impressions not so lasting as the imprint of an oar upon the water." "Was she such a one?" "It would be ungenerous for me to admit that she was of that order and kind." He thrust the pouch back in his pocket, as if to put away the subject with the trifle which had brought it up. Arobin dropped in with a message from Mrs. Merriman, to say that the card party was postponed on account of the illness of one of her children. "How do you do, Arobin?" said Robert, rising from the obscurity. "Oh! Lebrun. To be sure! I heard yesterday you were back. How did they

Thesaurus embroidered: (adj) ornate, inflated, exaggerated, bewrought, decorated. handiwork: (n) handicraft, creation, production, handcraft, product, handwork, work, produce, design, performance; (v) workmanship. hideous: (adj) dreadful, frightful, fearful, ghastly, horrid, ugly, repulsive, lurid, horrible, grisly, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, pleasant, beautiful, wonderful. impressions: (n) impersonation,

imitation. fame, light, simplicity, prominence, imprint: (n, v) mark, stamp, brand, celebrity, brightness. print; (n) impression, effect, feeling; postponed: (adj) delayed, late, belated, (v) engrave, inscribe, emboss, dent. off, later than usual, put off. needlework: (n) stitchery, sewing, pouch: (n, v) bag; (n) pocket, poke, needlecraft, stitching, knitwork, mailbag, sac, pod, purse, sack, bladder; (v) bulk, bulge. crochet, crocheting, knit, knitting, ungenerous: (adj, v) illiberal; (adj) fancywork, creation. obscurity: (n) gloom, darkness, shade, stingy, parsimonious, miserly, cheap, dimness, obscureness, night, uncharitable, close, narrow, oblivion, haze, ambiguity, shadow, tightfisted, closefisted, penurious. cloudiness. ANTONYMS: (n) clarity, ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, kind.

Kate Chopin

173

treat you down in Mexique?" "Fairly well." "But not well enough to keep you there. Stunning girls, though, in Mexico. I thought I should never get away from Vera Cruz when I was down there a couple of years ago." "Did they embroider slippers and tobacco pouches and hat-bands and things for you?" asked Edna.% "Oh! my! no! I didn't get so deep in their regard. I fear they made more impression on me than I made on them." "You were less fortunate than Robert, then." "I am always less fortunate than Robert. Has he been imparting tender confidences?" "I've been imposing myself long enough," said Robert, rising, and shaking hands with Edna. "Please convey my regards to Mr. Pontellier when you write." He shook hands with Arobin and went away. "Fine fellow, that Lebrun," said Arobin when Robert had gone. "I never heard you speak of him." "I knew him last summer at Grand Isle," she replied. photograph of yours. Don't you want it?"

"Here is that

"What do I want with it? Throw it away." She threw it back on the table. "I'm not going to Mrs. Merriman's," she said. "If you see her, tell her so. But perhaps I had better write. I think I shall write now, and say that I am sorry her child is sick, and tell her not to count on me." "It would be a good scheme," acquiesced Arobin. "I don't blame you; stupid lot!" Edna opened the blotter, and having procured paper and pen, began to write the note. Arobin lit a cigar and read the evening paper, which he had in his pocket.

Thesaurus blotter: (n) blotting paper, day book, color. ANTONYMS: (v) understate, paper, police blotter, charge sheet, unpick, deemphasize, minimize. imparting: (n) giving, conveyance, smelling paper, prison calendar. convey: (v) communicate, channel, conveyance of title, conveyancing, bring, conduct, transfer, fetch, conveying. imposing: (adj, n, v) impressive; (adj, express, transmit, bear, transport, take. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, n) noble, commanding, solemn; (adj) maintain, withhold, retain, refrain, dignified, grandiose, stately, hold, absorb, receive. distinguished, regal, lofty, baronial. embroider: (v) embellish, adorn, ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressive, decorate, broider, trim, hyperbolize, modest, unimposing, weak, stitch, ornament, glorify, lard; (adv, v) undignified, lowly.

photograph: (n, v) film; (n) picture, image, photo, likeness, print, portrait, copy, pic; (v) snap, shoot. regards: (v) regard, esteem, respect, consideration, honor, motive; (adj) abord, devoir; (n) greeting, relation, duty. tobacco: (adj) nicotine; (n) filler, nicotian, plant product, mustard tree, herb, herbaceous plant, common tobacco, drug of abuse, street drug, smoking mixture.

174

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"What is the date?" she asked. He told her.% "Will you mail this for me when you go out?" "Certainly." He read to her little bits out of the newspaper, while she straightened things on the table. "What do you want to do?" he asked, throwing aside the paper. "Do you want to go out for a walk or a drive or anything? It would be a fine night to drive." "No; I don't want to do anything but just be quiet. You go away and amuse yourself. Don't stay." "I'll go away if I must; but I shan't amuse myself. You know that I only live when I am near you." He stood up to bid her good night. "Is that one of the things you always say to women?" "I have said it before, but I don't think I ever came so near meaning it," he answered with a smile. There were no warm lights in her eyes; only a dreamy, absent look. "Good night. I adore you. Sleep well," he said, and he kissed her hand and went away. She stayed alone in a kind of reverie--a sort of stupor. Step by step she lived over every instant of the time she had been with Robert after he had entered Mademoiselle Reisz's door. She recalled his words, his looks. How few and meager they had been for her hungry heart! A vision--a transcendently seductive vision of a Mexican girl arose before her. She writhed with a jealous pang. She wondered when he would come back. He had not said he would come back. She had been with him, had heard his voice and touched his hand. But some way he had seemed nearer to her off there in Mexico.

Thesaurus amuse: (v) please, beguile, absorb, entertain, enjoy, disport, distract, delight, occupy, recreate, rejoice. ANTONYMS: (v) bore, dull, tire, annoy, anger, cloy, depress, weary, disappoint. dreamy: (adj) faraway, romantic, impractical, somnolent, visionary, sleepy, pensive, moony, idealistic, drowsy; (v) balmy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cynical, vigorous, pragmatic, practical, awake, alert, ordinary,

stupor: (n) lethargy, stupefaction, prosaic. instant: (adj, n) present; (adj) coma, shock, insensibility, immediate, prompt; (n) flash, minute, unconsciousness, trance, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v) exigent; sluggishness, torpor, haze, (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent. grogginess. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj) alertness, awareness, wakefulness. transcendently: (adv) considered, delayed, slow. jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious, transcendentally, sublimely, covetous, suspicious, jealousy, supremely, superiorly, matchlessly, resentful, invidious, green, grudging, exceedingly, divinely, excellently. writhed: (adj) crooked, writhen, jaundiced, attentive. ANTONYM: (adj) trusting. distorted, twisted.

Kate Chopin

175

XXXV

The morning was full of sunlight and hope. Edna could see before her no denial--only the promise of excessive joy. She lay in bed awake, with bright eyes full of speculation. "He loves you, poor fool." If she could but get that conviction firmly fixed in her mind, what mattered about the rest? She felt she had been childish and unwise the night before in giving herself over to despondency. She recapitulated the motives which no doubt explained Robert's reserve. They were not insurmountable; they would not hold if he really loved her; they could not hold against her own passion, which he must come to realize in time. She pictured him going to his business that morning. She even saw how he was dressed; how he walked down one street, and turned the corner of another; saw him bending over his desk, talking to people who entered the office, going to his lunch, and perhaps watching for her on the street. He would come to her in the afternoon or evening, sit and roll his cigarette, talk a little, and go away as he had done the night before. But how delicious it would be to have him there with her! She would have no regrets, nor seek to penetrate his reserve if he still chose to wear it.% Edna ate her breakfast only half dressed. The maid brought her a delicious printed scrawl from Raoul, expressing his love, asking her to send him some bonbons, and telling her they had found that morning ten tiny white pigs all lying in a row beside Lidie's big white pig.

Thesaurus despondency: (n) despair, scrawl: (n, v) scrabble, doodle, scratch; invincible, unruly. ANTONYMS: (n) squiggle, cacography, scrape, desperation, dejection, despondence, (adj) vulnerable, easy, manageable. maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass, melancholy, gloom, sadness, scratching, mark, dent, chicken feed; (v) write. hopelessness, desolation, anguish, lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin, grief. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, unwise: (adj, n) silly, stupid, absurd, maiden, housemaid, handmaid. penetrate: (v) bore, imbue, fathom, indiscreet; (adj) imprudent, hopefulness, cheerfulness, joy, resilience, delight, cheer. infiltrate, pierce, permeate, cut, filter, injudicious, ridiculous, senseless, insurmountable: (adj) insuperable, interpenetrate, get through, enter. inadvisable, impolitic, unreasonable. pigs: (n) stock, hogs, Suidae, livestock, ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, prudent, unsurmountable, impassable, impossible, unconquerable, litter, family Suidae, domestic thoughtful, sagacious, judicious, unbeatable, indomitable, animals, cattle, boars, sheep, farm advisable. impregnable, overwhelming, animals.

176

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

A letter also came from her husband, saying he hoped to be back early in March, and then they would get ready for that journey abroad which he had promised her so long, which he felt now fully able to afford; he felt able to travel as people should, without any thought of small economies--thanks to his recent speculations in Wall Street.% Much to her surprise she received a note from Arobin, written at midnight from the club. It was to say good morning to her, to hope she had slept well, to assure her of his devotion, which he trusted she in some faintest manner returned. All these letters were pleasing to her. She answered the children in a cheerful frame of mind, promising them bonbons, and congratulating them upon their happy find of the little pigs. She answered her husband with friendly evasiveness, --not with any fixed design to mislead him, only because all sense of reality had gone out of her life; she had abandoned herself to Fate, and awaited the consequences with indifference. To Arobin's note she made no reply. She put it under Celestine's stove-lid. Edna worked several hours with much spirit. She saw no one but a picture dealer, who asked her if it were true that she was going abroad to study in Paris. She said possibly she might, and he negotiated with her for some Parisian studies to reach him in time for the holiday trade in December. Robert did not come that day. She was keenly disappointed. He did not come the following day, nor the next. Each morning she awoke with hope, and each night she was a prey to despondency. She was tempted to seek him out. But far from yielding to the impulse, she avoided any occasion which might throw her in his way. She did not go to Mademoiselle Reisz's nor pass by Madame Lebrun's, as she might have done if he had still been in Mexico. When Arobin, one night, urged her to drive with him, she went--out to the lake, on the Shell Road. His horses were full of mettle, and even a little unmanageable. She liked the rapid gait at which they spun along, and the

Thesaurus avoided: (adj) unpopular. force, motive, whim, drive, goad, awaited: (adj) expected, appointed, motivation, momentum, incentive. scheduled, forthcoming, prospective. ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, evasiveness: (n) avoid, equivocation, disincentive, disinclination. escape, shun, evade, untruthfulness, keenly: (adv) eagerly, zealously, avoidance, obviation, secretiveness, piercingly, acutely, cuttingly, equivocalness, conspiracy. ardently, strongly, lively, ANTONYM: (n) honesty. penetratingly, fervently, avidly. gait: (n, v) pace, step, tread, footstep, ANTONYMS: (adv) rate, stride, action; (n) walk, carriage, unenthusiastically, apathetically, movement, velocity. faintly, reluctantly, patiently, impulse: (n) pulse, urge, impulsion, passively, halfheartedly, vaguely.

mislead: (v) betray, deceive, cheat, beguile, misinform, fool, con, lie, lead astray, hoodwink, trick. spun: (adj) spined; (v) rotate, revolve. unmanageable: (adj) unwieldy, intractable, uncontrollable, awkward, cumbersome, stubborn, clumsy, bulky, recalcitrant, ungovernable, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) manageable, orderly, wieldy, amenable, biddable.

Kate Chopin

177

quick, sharp sound of the horses' hoofs on the hard road. They did not stop anywhere to eat or to drink. Arobin was not needlessly imprudent. But they ate and they drank when they regained Edna's little dining-room--which was comparatively early in the evening.% It was late when he left her. It was getting to be more than a passing whim with Arobin to see her and be with her. He had detected the latent sensuality, which unfolded under his delicate sense of her nature's requirements like a torpid, torrid, sensitive blossom. There was no despondency when she fell asleep that night; nor was there hope when she awoke in the morning.

Thesaurus comparatively: (adv) rather, somewhat, reasonably, quite, approximately, some, pretty, fairly, to some extent, to a certain extent, moderately. ANTONYM: (adv) absolutely. latent: (adj) covert, secret, potential, occult, inactive, cryptic, dormant, hidden, possible, smoldering, concealed. ANTONYMS: (adj) manifest, obvious, unlikely, overt. needlessly: (adv) uselessly,

redundantly, unnecessarily, dead, lifeless, flat, supine. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, lively. gratuitously, superfluously, torrid: (adj) hot, burning, sultry, unwantedly, to no avail, meaninglessly, groundlessly, impassioned, fervent, perfervid, excessively, without need. fervid, fiery, ardent, sweltering, sensuality: (n) sensualism, animalism, passionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensualness, lust, carnality, freezing, cold, cool, frigid, arctic. concupiscence, animal gratification, whim: (n, v) fancy, vagary, humor, freak; (n) notion, impulse, fad, mood, bodily enjoyment, hedonism, sensationalism, debauchery. whimsy, thought, idea. ANTONYMS: torpid: (adj) inactive, sluggish, (n) plan, reality, aversion. indolent, dull, slow, dormant, lazy,

Kate Chopin

179

XXXVI

There was a garden out in the suburbs; a small, leafy corner, with a few green tables under the orange trees. An old cat slept all day on the stone step in the sun, and an old mulatresse slept her idle hours away in her chair at the open window, till, some one happened to knock on one of the green tables. She had milk and cream cheese to sell, and bread and butter. There was no one who could make such excellent coffee or fry a chicken so golden brown as she.% The place was too modest to attract the attention of people of fashion, and so quiet as to have escaped the notice of those in search of pleasure and dissipation. Edna had discovered it accidentally one day when the high-board gate stood ajar. She caught sight of a little green table, blotched with the checkered sunlight that filtered through the quivering leaves overhead. Within she had found the slumbering mulatresse, the drowsy cat, and a glass of milk which reminded her of the milk she had tasted in Iberville. She often stopped there during her perambulations; sometimes taking a book with her, and sitting an hour or two under the trees when she found the place deserted. Once or twice she took a quiet dinner there alone, having instructed Celestine beforehand to prepare no dinner at home. It was the last place in the city where she would have expected to meet any one she knew. Still she was not astonished when, as she was partaking of a modest dinner

Thesaurus ajar: (v) dissentient, unclosed, varied, ever changing, motley, plaid, unstopped, wide open, out of tune; dappled, variable, mutable, (adj) open, gaping, partly open, not multicolored, mottled. dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution, closed. beforehand: (adv) previously, ahead, licentiousness, extravagance, excess, in advance, in anticipation, first; (adj, profligacy, consumption, adv) early, aforehand; (adj) advance, decomposition, disintegration; (n, v) already, afore; (n) prior. diffusion, dissemination. ANTONYMS: (adv) afterwards, ANTONYMS: (n) appearance, afterward, later, late, subsequently. growth, restraint, moderation, blotched: (adj) splotched, maculate. decency, uprightness. checkered: (adj) check, chequered, escaped: (adj) at large, at liberty, loose,

on the loose, runaway, easy, wild; (n) freer; (v) escaping. filtered: (n) clean, drinkable; (adj) refined. leafy: (adj) green, verdant, lush, foliose, foliate, leafed, luxuriant, foliaceous, leaved, bowery, flourishing. ANTONYMS: (adj) leafless, urban, withering. partaking: (n) input, contribution. slumbering: (adj) dormant, asleep, latent. ANTONYM: (adj) awake.

180

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

late in the afternoon, looking into an open book, stroking the cat, which had made friends with her--she was not greatly astonished to see Robert come in at the tall garden gate.% "I am destined to see you only by accident," she said, shoving the cat off the chair beside her. He was surprised, ill at ease, almost embarrassed at meeting her thus so unexpectedly. "Do you come here often?" he asked. "I almost live here," she said. "I used to drop in very often for a cup of Catiche's good coffee. This is the first time since I came back." "She'll bring you a plate, and you will share my dinner. There's always enough for two--even three." Edna had intended to be indifferent and as reserved as he when she met him; she had reached the determination by a laborious train of reasoning, incident to one of her despondent moods. But her resolve melted when she saw him before designing Providence had led him into her path. "Why have you kept away from me, Robert?" she asked, closing the book that lay open upon the table. "Why are you so personal, Mrs. Pontellier? Why do you force me to idiotic subterfuges?" he exclaimed with sudden warmth. "I suppose there's no use telling you I've been very busy, or that I've been sick, or that I've been to see you and not found you at home. Please let me off with any one of these excuses." "You are the embodiment of selfishness," she said. "You save yourself something--I don't know what--but there is some selfish motive, and in sparing yourself you never consider for a moment what I think, or how I feel your neglect and indifference. I suppose this is what you would call unwomanly; but I have got into a habit of expressing myself. It doesn't matter to me, and you may think me unwomanly if you like." "No; I only think you cruel, as I said the other day. Maybe not intentionally cruel; but you seem to be forcing me into disclosures which can result in nothing; as if you would have me bare a wound for the pleasure of looking at it, without

Thesaurus embodiment: (n) shape, epitome, shoving: (n) thrusting. studiedly, expressly, purposefully, intendedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) sparing: (adj, n) economical, saving; incarnation, avatar, amalgamation, (adj, v) scanty, poor, chary, meager, union, unification, incorporation, accidentally, innocently. coalescence, cast; (adj) integration. laborious: (adj) hard, arduous, parsimonious, spare, moderate; (adj) idiotic: (adj) absurd, foolish, fatuous, thrifty, careful. ANTONYMS: (adj) backbreaking, heavy, industrious, imbecile, crazy, stupid, ridiculous, diligent, grueling, assiduous, spendthrift, generous, wasteful, mindless, silly, unwise, daft. exhausting, formidable, tough. extravagant. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, genius, ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, effortless, stroking: (v) caress, strike, blow; (n) clever. undemanding, light, brisk. cam stroke, feeling, effleurage, intentionally: (adv) deliberately, melted: (adj) molten, fluid, liquified, diagonal, CVA, commendation, advisedly, consciously, purposely, on dissolved, liquefied, baked, fluent, glide, slash. purpose, knowingly, willfully, touched, limpid, sorry, flowing.

Kate Chopin

181

the intention or power of healing it." "I'm spoiling your dinner, Robert; never mind what I say. You haven't eaten a morsel." "I only came in for a cup of coffee." His sensitive face was all disfigured with excitement.% "Isn't this a delightful place?" she remarked. "I am so glad it has never actually been discovered. It is so quiet, so sweet, here. Do you notice there is scarcely a sound to be heard? It's so out of the way; and a good walk from the car. However, I don't mind walking. I always feel so sorry for women who don't like to walk; they miss so much--so many rare little glimpses of life; and we women learn so little of life on the whole. "Catiche's coffee is always hot. I don't know how she manages it, here in the open air. Celestine's coffee gets cold bringing it from the kitchen to the diningroom. Three lumps! How can you drink it so sweet? Take some of the cress with your chop; it's so biting and crisp. Then there's the advantage of being able to smoke with your coffee out here. Now, in the city--aren't you going to smoke?" "After a while," he said, laying a cigar on the table. "Who gave it to you?" she laughed. "I bought it. I suppose I'm getting reckless; I bought a whole box." She was determined not to be personal again and make him uncomfortable. The cat made friends with him, and climbed into his lap when he smoked his cigar. He stroked her silky fur, and talked a little about her. He looked at Edna's book, which he had read; and he told her the end, to save her the trouble of wading through it, he said. Again he accompanied her back to her home; and it was after dusk when they reached the little "pigeon-house." She did not ask him to remain, which he was grateful for, as it permitted him to stay without the discomfort of blundering through an excuse which he had no intention of considering. He helped her to light the lamp; then she went into her room to take off her hat and

Thesaurus blundering: (adj) clumsy, tactless, inept, maladroit, ungainly, unthinking, ridiculous, obtuse, oblivious, lumbering, insensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, sensitive, dexterous. bringing: (n) delivery, consignment, serving, service, passage, post. chop: (n, v) chip, slice, cut; (v) mince, slash, whittle, hash, hack, cleave, hew, chop up. cress: (n) bittercress, common garden

lumps: (n) repulse, deserts, due, grit, cress, common scurvy grass, cress plant, pepperwort, bitter cress. punishment. crisp: (adj) short, terse, fresh, crispy, silky: (adj, v) silken; (adj) glossy, soft, sharp, crunchy, brisk; (adj, v) wrinkle; smooth, satiny, delicate, fine, fluffy, (v) crease, crinkle; (n) chip. sericeous, slick, downy. ANTONYMS: (adj) soggy, soft, limp, ANTONYMS: (adj) rough, harsh, wilted, rumpled, stale, slovenly, coarse, dull. spoiling: (n) spoilage, spoilation, sloppy, wordy, long, lengthy. disfigured: (adj) crooked, ugly, spoil, despoliation, deterioration, damage, deform, shabby, hurt, detriment, erosion, indulgence, injury; (v) withering; (adj) easy, shapeless, dishonest, stained, blemished. lenient.

182

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

to bathe her face and hands.% When she came back Robert was not examining the pictures and magazines as before; he sat off in the shadow, leaning his head back on the chair as if in a reverie. Edna lingered a moment beside the table, arranging the books there. Then she went across the room to where he sat. She bent over the arm of his chair and called his name. "Robert," she said, "are you asleep?" "No," he answered, looking up at her. She leaned over and kissed him--a soft, cool, delicate kiss, whose voluptuous sting penetrated his whole being-then she moved away from him. He followed, and took her in his arms, just holding her close to him. She put her hand up to his face and pressed his cheek against her own. The action was full of love and tenderness. He sought her lips again. Then he drew her down upon the sofa beside him and held her hand in both of his. "Now you know," he said, "now you know what I have been fighting against since last summer at Grand Isle; what drove me away and drove me back again." "Why have you been fighting against it?" she asked. Her face glowed with soft lights. "Why? Because you were not free; you were Leonce Pontellier's wife. I couldn't help loving you if you were ten times his wife; but so long as I went away from you and kept away I could help telling you so." She put her free hand up to his shoulder, and then against his cheek, rubbing it softly. He kissed her again. His face was warm and flushed. "There in Mexico I was thinking of you all the time, and longing for you." "But not writing to me," she interrupted. "Something put into my head that you cared for me; and I lost my senses. I forgot everything but a wild dream of your some way becoming my wife." "Your wife!" "Religion, loyalty, everything would give way if only you cared."

Thesaurus arranging: (n) arrange, arrangements, disposition, composing, composition, order, position, set, orchestration, organization, agreement. longing: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (adj) eager, wistful, nostalgic; (n) nostalgia, wish, hankering, urge, appetite; (adj, n) yearning. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, disinclination; (adj) satisfied, unconcerned. loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous, kind, friendly, ardent, attached,

admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v) convertible, daybed. tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v) uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving, prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad, provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v) rough, paternal, indifferent, distant, calm; (n) honesty. disapproving, callous. rubbing: (n) friction, abrasion, tenderness: (n) fondness, soreness, love, affection, sympathy; (adj, n) grinding, detrition, rub, grip, resistance, chafe, sweat, travail, clemency, mildness, compassion, massage. ANTONYM: (n) gentleness, softness, delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, dryness, smoothness. sofa: (n) couch, lounge, divan, bench, hatred, strength, detachment. davenport, seat, squab, chair, form,

Kate Chopin

183

"Then you must have forgotten that I was Leonce Pontellier's wife." "Oh! I was demented, dreaming of wild, impossible things, recalling men who had set their wives free, we have heard of such things." "Yes, we have heard of such things." "I came back full of vague, mad intentions. And when I got here--" "When you got here you never came near me!" She was still caressing his cheek.% "I realized what a cur I was to dream of such a thing, even if you had been willing." She took his face between her hands and looked into it as if she would never withdraw her eyes more. She kissed him on the forehead, the eyes, the cheeks, and the lips. "You have been a very, very foolish boy, wasting your time dreaming of impossible things when you speak of Mr. Pontellier setting me free! I am no longer one of Mr. Pontellier's possessions to dispose of or not. I give myself where I choose. If he were to say, 'Here, Robert, take her and be happy; she is yours,' I should laugh at you both." His face grew a little white. "What do you mean?" he asked. There was a knock at the door. Old Celestine came in to say that Madame Ratignolle's servant had come around the back way with a message that Madame had been taken sick and begged Mrs. Pontellier to go to her immediately. "Yes, yes," said Edna, rising; "I promised. Tell her yes--to wait for me. I'll go back with her." "Let me walk over with you," offered Robert. "No," she said; "I will go with the servant. She went into her room to put on her hat, and when she came in again she sat once more upon the sofa beside him. He had not stirred. She put her arms about his neck. "Good-by, my sweet Robert. Tell me good-by." He kissed her with a degree

Thesaurus dispose: (n, v) incline, order, influence; (v) adjust, predispose, position, place, lead, tend; (n) bias, array. ANTONYMS: (v) disturb, disqualify, displace, disorder, disincline, disarrange. dreaming: (n) reverie, ambition, nightmare, conception, castle in the air; (adj) absent-minded, asleep, visionary, vacant, wistful, rapt. foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise,

preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible, shrewd, prudent, visionary, diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, rational, mature, judicious. forehead: (n) brow, front, foreland, lineament, mut, phiz, physiognomy, visage, eyebrow, skull; (adv) foremost. possessions: (n) means, belongings, assets, goods, property, effects, wealth, gear, things, possession,

riches. recalling: (adj) revocatory; (n) recognition. stirred: (adj) excited, agitated, moved, affected, aroused, emotional, aflame, Stirn, horny, susceptible, stirred up. wasting: (n) homicide, atrophy, slaughter, slaying, cachexia, assassination, cachexy, amyotrophy, carnage; (adj) consuming, consumptive.

184

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

of passion which had not before entered into his caress, and strained her to him.% "I love you," she whispered, "only you; no one but you. It was you who awoke me last summer out of a life-long, stupid dream. Oh! you have made me so unhappy with your indifference. Oh! I have suffered, suffered! Now you are here we shall love each other, my Robert. We shall be everything to each other. Nothing else in the world is of any consequence. I must go to my friend; but you will wait for me? No matter how late; you will wait for me, Robert?" "Don't go; don't go! Oh! Edna, stay with me," he pleaded. "Why should you go? Stay with me, stay with me." "I shall come back as soon as I can; I shall find you here." She buried her face in his neck, and said good-by again. Her seductive voice, together with his great love for her, had enthralled his senses, had deprived him of every impulse but the longing to hold her and keep her.

Thesaurus deprived: (adj) bereft, poor, destitute, nonchalance, neglect, unconcern, consciousness, judgment, faculties, depressed, needy, broke, bankrupt, impassivity, disinterest. mother wit, right mind, sanity. ANTONYMS: (n) fervor, interest, suffered: (adj) permitted, permissive. denuded, humble, indigent, insolvent. ANTONYMS: (adj) rich, unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal, eagerness, dedication, sympathy, exalted, salubrious. favorite, compassion, anxiety, depressed, melancholy, sad, enthralled: (adj) charmed, spellbound, responsiveness, forcefulness, care. miserable, sorrowful, distressed, fascinated, absorbed, rapt, enslaved, neck: (n) cervix, nape, neckband, disconsolate, infelicitous, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful, engrossed, delighted, beguiled, bond, neckline, isthmus; (v) make out, pet, love, cut; (adj) stricture, middle enchanted. satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric, indifference: (adj, n) coldness, constriction. fortunate, contented, joyful, timely, phlegm; (n) detachment, senses: (adj) sober senses, sound mind; lucky. (n) reason, mind, conception, impassiveness, disregard, aloofness,

Kate Chopin

185

XXXVII

Edna looked in at the drug store. Monsieur Ratignolle was putting up a mixture himself, very carefully, dropping a red liquid into a tiny glass. He was grateful to Edna for having come; her presence would be a comfort to his wife. Madame Ratignolle's sister, who had always been with her at such trying times, had not been able to come up from the plantation, and Adele had been inconsolable until Mrs. Pontellier so kindly promised to come to her. The nurse had been with them at night for the past week, as she lived a great distance away. And Dr. Mandelet had been coming and going all the afternoon. They were then looking for him any moment.% Edna hastened upstairs by a private stairway that led from the rear of the store to the apartments above. The children were all sleeping in a back room. Madame Ratignolle was in the salon, whither she had strayed in her suffering impatience. She sat on the sofa, clad in an ample white peignoir, holding a handkerchief tight in her hand with a nervous clutch. Her face was drawn and pinched, her sweet blue eyes haggard and unnatural. All her beautiful hair had been drawn back and plaited. It lay in a long braid on the sofa pillow, coiled like a golden serpent. The nurse, a comfortable looking Griffe woman in white apron and cap, was urging her to return to her bedroom. "There is no use, there is no use," she said at once to Edna. "We must get rid

Thesaurus braid: (adj) knit, string, tie; (n, v) twine; (adj, v) embroider, lace; (v) plat; (n) tress, pigtail, ribbon, band. clutch: (n, v) clasp, grip, clench, grasp, hold, clinch, gripe; (v) grab, grapple, embrace; (adj, v) catch. ANTONYMS: (n) loose; (v) release, unfasten. coiled: (adj) curled, curved, twined, coiling, twisted, convoluted, rolled, wavy, bent, round; (adj, v) spiral. ANTONYM: (adj) uncoiled. haggard: (adj) emaciated, gaunt,

cadaverous, careworn, tired, worn, settlement, colony, parterre, grove, lean, thin, wasted, pinched, squalid. planter. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, carefree, serpent: (n) snake, ophidian, viper, healthy. snake in the grass, reptile, pinched: (adj) haggard, drawn, rattlesnake, colubrid, contrafagotto, cor anglais, hautboy; (v) goose. emaciated, cadaverous, narrow, penurious, thin, penniless, adenoidal; unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial, (adj, n) necessitous; (n) distressed. grotesque, supernatural, forced, ANTONYM: (adj) relaxed. abnormal, eccentric, uncanny, stilted, plaited: (adj) woven, folded, plicated. mannered, anomalous. ANTONYMS: plantation: (n) orchard, farm, garden, (adj) natural, normal, real, unaffected, shrubbery, hacienda, planting, commonplace, genuine, sincere.

186

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

of Mandelet; he is getting too old and careless. He said he would be here at halfpast seven; now it must be eight. See what time it is, Josephine." The woman was possessed of a cheerful nature, and refused to take any situation too seriously, especially a situation withwhich she was so familiar. She urged Madame to have courage and patience. But Madame only set her teeth hard into her under lip, and Edna saw the sweat gather in beads on her white forehead. After a moment or two she uttered a profound sigh and wiped her face with the handkerchief rolled in a ball. She appeared exhausted. The nurse gave her a fresh handkerchief, sprinkled with cologne water.% "This is too much!" she cried. "Mandelet ought to be killed! Where is Alphonse? Is it possible I am to be abandoned like this-neglected by every one?" "Neglected, indeed!" exclaimed the nurse. Wasn't she there? And here was Mrs. Pontellier leaving, no doubt, a pleasant evening at home to devote to her? And wasn't Monsieur Ratignolle coming that very instant through the hall? And Josephine was quite sure she had heard Doctor Mandelet's coupe. Yes, there it was, down at the door. Adele consented to go back to her room. She sat on the edge of a little low couch next to her bed. Doctor Mandelet paid no attention to Madame Ratignolle's upbraidings. He was accustomed to them at such times, and was too well convinced of her loyalty to doubt it. He was glad to see Edna, and wanted her to go with him into the salon and entertain him. But Madame Ratignolle would not consent that Edna should leave her for an instant. Between agonizing moments, she chatted a little, and said it took her mind off her sufferings. Edna began to feel uneasy. She was seized with a vague dread. Her own like experiences seemed far away, unreal, and only half remembered. She recalled faintly an ecstasy of pain, the heavy odor of chloroform, a stupor which had deadened sensation, and an awakening to find a little new life to which she had given being, added to the great unnumbered multitude of souls that come and

Thesaurus agonizing: (adj, v) excruciating; (adj) painful, harrowing, poignant, grievous, agonising, torturous, heartbreaking, sore, anguished, aching. ANTONYMS: (adj) restful, painless, enjoyable, easy, bearable, wonderful, unemotional. chloroform: (adj) anaesthetic agent, opium, ether; (n) put under, chloral; (v) deaden, anesthetize, anaesthetize. cologne: (n) Koln, eau de Cologne, scent, fragrance, essence, eau de

toilette, Cologne water. wet, dotted. couch: (n) bed, sofa, settee, divan; (adj, unnumbered: (adj) numberless, v) lie; (v) express, put, frame, lower, uncounted, countless, infinite, repose; (adj) recline. innumerous, untold, multitudinous, coupe: (n) auto, automobile, flivver, myriad, unnumberable, incalculable, jalopy, lemon, limousine, clunker, unbounded. unreal: (adj) illusory, fantastic, coopee, motor car. deadened: (adj) dead, numb, numbed, fanciful, imaginary, insubstantial, without sensation, duller, unfeeling, artificial, fictitious, visionary, untrue; under, frozen, insensible, insensitive, (adj, v) ideal, fancied. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, natural, substantial, knocked out. sprinkled: (adj) scattered, speckled, authentic, ordinary, plausible.

Kate Chopin

187

go.% She began to wish she had not come; her presence was not necessary. She might have invented a pretext for staying away; she might even invent a pretext now for going. But Edna did not go. With an inward agony, with a flaming, outspoken revolt against the ways of Nature, she witnessed the scene of torture. She was still stunned and speechless with emotion when later she leaned over her friend to kiss her and softly say good-by. Adele, pressing her cheek, whispered in an exhausted voice: "Think of the children, Edna. Oh think of the children! Remember them!"

Thesaurus invent: (v) devise, form, create, stunned: (adj) dumbfounded, love. outspoken: (adj) direct, open, frank, excogitate, concoct, imagine, astonished, astounded, amazed, contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate, candid, ingenuous, forthright, blunt, flabbergasted, dazed, stupefied, staggered, bewildered, confused; (adj, design, coin. explicit, round, sincere, inward: (adj) inner, intrinsic, internal, straightforward. ANTONYMS: (adj) v) astonied. ANTONYMS: (adj) interior, intestine, inherent, domestic; devious, guarded, quiet, reticent, indifferent, unimpressed. (adv) inwardly, inwards, in; (n) torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, evasive, reserved, tactful. innards. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) speechless: (adj) silent, mute, dumb, afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering, outward; (adj) outgoing, external. excruciation, grief; (v) rack, dumbfounded, voiceless, quiet, kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief, tongueless, tacit, noiseless, mum, touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss wordless. ANTONYMS: (adj) alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy, of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate. loquacious, eloquent, talkative.

Kate Chopin

189

XXXVIII

Edna still felt dazed when she got outside in the open air. The Doctor's coupe had returned for him and stood before the porte cochere. She did not wish to enter the coupe, and told Doctor Mandelet she would walk; she was not afraid, and would go alone. He directed his carriage to meet him at Mrs. Pontellier's, and he started to walk home with her.% Up--away up, over the narrow street between the tall houses, the stars were blazing. The air was mild and caressing, but cool with the breath of spring and the night. They walked slowly, the Doctor with a heavy, measured tread and his hands behind him; Edna, in an absent-minded way, as she had walked one night at Grand Isle, as if her thoughts had gone ahead of her and she was striving to overtake them. "You shouldn't have been there, Mrs. Pontellier," he said. "That was no place for you. Adele is full of whims at such times. There were a dozen women she might have had with her, unimpressionable women. I felt that it was cruel, cruel. You shouldn't have gone." "Oh, well!" she answered, indifferently. "I don't know that it matters after all. One has to think of the children some time or other; the sooner the better." "When is Leonce coming back?" "Quite soon. Some time in March."

Thesaurus blazing: (adj) flaming, afire, burning, ardent, aflame, glaring, bright, blatant, alight, passionate; (n) blaze. ANTONYMS: (adj) freezing, quiet. cruel: (adj, v) hard, harsh, sharp, severe; (adj) barbarous, unkind, brutal, bloody, bitter, savage, atrocious. ANTONYMS: (adj) merciful, gentle, sympathetic, humane, liberal, compassionate, charitable, friendly, caring, considerate, libertarian.

dazed: (adj) bewildered, stunned, dumbfounded, muzzy, stupefied, dizzy, stupid, groggy, amazed, astounded, bleary. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unimpressed, conscious. dozen: (adj, n) XII; (n) dozens, boxcars. mild: (adj, n) kindly, gracious; (adj) easy, lenient, benign, docile, humble, clement, sweet, balmy, delicate. ANTONYMS: (adj) extreme, pungent, spicy, sharp, severe, scathing,

incisive, hot, powerful, great, passionate. stars: (n) heavenly bodies, fate. tread: (n, v) pace, walk, rate, march, tramp; (n) gait, stride, footstep, footfall, track; (v) trample. unimpressionable: (adj) unimpressible, callous. ANTONYM: (adj) impressionable. whims: (n) vagaries, freaks, humor, ill humor, mood, facetiousness, caprices, disposition, temper.

190

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

"And you are going abroad?" "Perhaps--no, I am not going. I'm not going to be forced into doing things. I don't want to go abroad. I want to be let alone. Nobody has any right--except children, perhaps--and even then, it seems to me--or it did seem--" She felt that her speech was voicing the incoherency of her thoughts, and stopped abruptly.% "The trouble is," sighed the Doctor, grasping her meaning intuitively, "that youth is given up to illusions. It seems to be a provision of Nature; a decoy to secure mothers for the race. And Nature takes no account of moral consequences, of arbitrary conditions which we create, and which we feel obliged to maintain at any cost." "Yes," she said. "The years that are gone seem like dreams--if one might go on sleeping and dreaming--but to wake up and find--oh! well! perhaps it is better to wake up after all, even to suffer, rather than to remain a dupe to illusions all one's life." "It seems to me, my dear child," said the Doctor at parting, holding her hand, "you seem to me to be in trouble. I am not going to ask for your confidence. I will only say that if ever you feel moved to give it to me, perhaps I might help you. I know I would understand, And I tell you there are not many who would-not many, my dear." "Some way I don't feel moved to speak of things that trouble me. Don't think I am ungrateful or that I don't appreciate your sympathy. There are periods of despondency and suffering which take possession of me. But I don't want anything but my own way. That is wanting a good deal, of course, when you have to trample upon the lives, the hearts, the prejudices of others--but no matter-still, I shouldn't want to trample upon the little lives. Oh! I don't know what I'm saying, Doctor. Good night. Don't blame me for anything." "Yes, I will blame you if you don't come and see me soon. We will talk of things you never have dreamt of talking about before. It will do us both good. I don't want you to blame yourself, whatever comes. Good night, my child." She let herself in at the gate, but instead of entering she sat upon the step of

Thesaurus decoy: (n, v) trap, lure, attract; (n) bait, device; (v) entice, tempt, allure, seduce, entrap, coax. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse, dissuade. dupe: (n, v) fool, con, gull; (v) defraud, bamboozle, beguile, deceive, take in, kid, trick; (n) victim. ANTONYM: (v) enlighten. gate: (n) door, mouth, entry, doorway, port, exit, goal, barrier, approach, inlet, threshold. grasping: (adj) avaricious, covetous,

acquisitive, greedy, avid, voracious, viscerally, unconsciously, rapacious, grabby, mercenary, stingy; automatically, mechanically, (n) seizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) inbornly, inherently, innately, generous, altruistic. involuntarily, nonrationally, hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades. perceptively. illusions: (n) fantasy. ungrateful: (adj) unmindful, incoherency: (n) meaninglessness, unthankful, unappreciative, nonsensicality, nonsense, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant, unintelligibility, disjunction, distasteful, displeasing, unkind, disjointedness, disconnection, disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative. disconnectedness, disjuncture. intuitively: (adv) impulsively, voicing: (n) articulation, speech.

Kate Chopin

191

the porch. The night was quiet and soothing. All the tearing emotion of the last few hours seemed to fall away from her like a somber, uncomfortable garment, which she had but to loosen to be rid of. She went back to that hour before Adele had sent for her; and her senses kindled afresh in thinking of Robert's words, the pressure of his arms, and the feeling of his lips upon her own. She could picture at that moment no greater bliss on earth than possession of the beloved one. His expression of love had already given him to her in part. When she thought that he was there at hand, waiting for her, she grew numb with the intoxication of expectancy. It was so late; he would be asleep perhaps. She would awaken him with a kiss. She hoped he would be asleep that she might arouse him with her caresses.% Still, she remembered Adele's voice whispering, "Think of the children; think of them." She meant to think of them; that determination had driven into her soul like a death wound--but not to-night. To-morrow would be time to think of everything. Robert was not waiting for her in the little parlor. He was nowhere at hand. The house was empty. But he had scrawled on a piece of paper that lay in the lamplight: "I love you. Good-by--because I love you." Edna grew faint when she read the words. She went and sat on the sofa. Then she stretched herself out there, never uttering a sound. She did not sleep. She did not go to bed. The lamp sputtered and went out. She was still awake in the morning, when Celestine unlocked the kitchen door and came in to light the fire.

Thesaurus arouse: (v) wake, stir, agitate, excite, impassive; (adj, v) dull; (v) benumb, pleasure, paradise, blessedness, deaden. ANTONYMS: (adj) awaken, stimulate, anger, kindle, felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven, provoke, raise; (n, v) rouse. blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, responsive, conscious; (v) sensitize. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, dampen, scrawled: (adj) scribbled, hard to sorrow, agony, grief, anguish, stifle, sedate, quiet, pacify, bore, sadness, suffering, gloom, hell, decipher, incomprehensible, written, allay, lull, quench, suppress. dissatisfaction. unreadable, indecipherable, awaken: (v) arouse, wake, rouse, call, intoxication: (n) inebriation, inebriety, impossible to read. unlocked: (adj) unbarred, unlatched, stir, kindle, get up, raise, wake up, poisoning, tipsiness, fascination, waken, revive. ANTONYMS: (v) grogginess, ecstasy, daze, excitement, unbolted, not closed, loose, dampen, calm, retire, suppress, spoil, euphoria, wine. unsecured, ajar, wide open, numb: (adj) benumbed, dead, asleep, quench, douse, stifle. unguaranteed. bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy, torpid, insensible, deadened, callous,

Kate Chopin

193

XXXIX

Victor, %with hammer and nails and scraps of scantling, was patching a corner of one of the galleries. Mariequita sat near by, dangling her legs, watching him work, and handing him nails from the tool-box. The sun was beating down upon them. The girl had covered her head with her apron folded into a square pad. They had been talking for an hour or more. She was never tired of hearing Victor describe the dinner at Mrs. Pontellier's. He exaggerated every detail, making it appear a veritable Lucullean feast. The flowers were in tubs, he said. The champagne was quaffed from huge golden goblets. Venus rising from the foam could have presented no more entrancing a spectacle than Mrs. Pontellier, blazing with beauty and diamonds at the head of the board, while the other women were all of them youthful houris, possessed of incomparable charms. She got it into her head that Victor was in love with Mrs. Pontellier, and he gave her evasive answers, framed so as to confirm her belief. She grew sullen and cried a little, threatening to go off and leave him to his fine ladies. There were a dozen men crazy about her at the Cheniere; and since it was the fashion to be in love with married people, why, she could run away any time she liked to New Orleans with Celina's husband. Celina's husband was a fool, a coward, and a pig, and to prove it to her, Victor intended to hammer his head into a jelly the next time he encountered him. This assurance was very consoling to Mariequita. She dried her eyes, and

Thesaurus charms: (n) trinkets, jewelry, jewels. enticing. ANTONYM: (adj) boring. unexampled, peerless, transcendent, consoling: (adj) consolatory, cheering, evasive: (adj) shifty, oblique, unrivaled. ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging, grateful, reassuring, ambiguous, devious, elusory, ordinary, commonplace, abysmal, soothing, calming; (n) shuffling, roundabout, deceitful, mediocre, unremarkable. encouragement. ANTONYM: (adj) scantling: (n) pattern, modicum, equivocal, indefinite, furtive. ANTONYMS: (adj) forthright, direct, model, prototype, ideal, bit, whit, upsetting. diamonds: (n) hearts, ice, spades, morsel, standard, mite; (adj) inch. unambiguous, straightforward, veritable: (adj, v) real, true, actual, sparkler, clubs. honest, candid, straight, clear, entrancing: (adj) captivating, very; (adj) genuine, authentic, bona careless. enthralling, bewitching, fascinating, incomparable: (adj, v) superlative, fide, unquestionable, factual, sovereign; (adj) unparalleled, unique, truthful, right. ANTONYMS: (adj) charming, attractive, magnetic, glamorous, tempting, engaging, matchless, rare, excellent, false, unreal.

194

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

grew cheerful at the prospect.% They were still talking of the dinner and the allurements of city life when Mrs. Pontellier herself slipped around the corner of the house. The two youngsters stayed dumb with amazement before what they considered to be an apparition. But it was really she in flesh and blood, looking tired and a little travel-stained. "I walked up from the wharf", she said, "and heard the hammering. I supposed it was you, mending the porch. It's a good thing. I was always tripping over those loose planks last summer. How dreary and deserted everything looks!" It took Victor some little time to comprehend that she had come in Beaudelet's lugger, that she had come alone, and for no purpose but to rest. "There's nothing fixed up yet, you see. I'll give you my room; it's the only place." "Any corner will do," she assured him. "And if you can stand Philomel's cooking," he went on, "though I might try to get her mother while you are here. Do you think she would come?" turning to Mariequita. Mariequita thought that perhaps Philomel's mother might come for a few days, and money enough. Beholding Mrs. Pontellier make her appearance, the girl had at once suspected a lovers' rendezvous. But Victor's astonishment was so genuine, and Mrs. Pontellier's indifference so apparent, that the disturbing notion did not lodge long in her brain. She contemplated with the greatest interest this woman who gave the most sumptuous dinners in America, and who had all the men in New Orleans at her feet. "What time will you have dinner?" asked Edna. "I'm very hungry; but don't get anything extra." "I'll have it ready in little or no time," he said, bustling and packing away his

Thesaurus amazement: (n) admiration, wonder, tumultuous; (v) stirring, full of backpacking. surprise, consternation, stupefaction, incident. ANTONYM: (adj) inactive. rendezvous: (n) encounter, tryst, stupor, wonderment, feeling, alarm, dreary: (adj) depressing, drab, dull, appointment, meeting, meeting place, jolt; (v) amaze. ANTONYMS: (n) date, engagement, resort, affair; (v) cheerless, drear, miserable, gloomy, preparation, indifference, dark, dismal, stuffy, disconsolate. meet, center round. ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, sumptuous: (adj) magnificent, expectation, coolness, cool, composure, calmness, contempt, cheerful, sunny, brilliant, lively, light, luxurious, opulent, splendid, belief. exciting, clear, cheery, pleasant, gorgeous, deluxe, costly, lush, lavish, beholding: (n) fusion, seeing, visual grand, plush. ANTONYMS: (adj) exotic. packing: (n) boxing, package, gasket, perception, look. unadorned, humble, ascetic, meager, bustling: (adj) lively, busy, boisterous, bundling, fill, pad, pack, scanty, impoverished. buzzing, brisk, alive, vibrant, noisy, envelopment, wadding, wrap,

Kate Chopin

195

tools. "You may go to my room to brush up and rest yourself. Mariequita will show you." "Thank you", said Edna. "But, do you know, I have a notion to go down to the beach and take a good wash and even a little swim, before dinner?" "The water is too cold!" they both exclaimed. "Don't think of it." "Well, I might go down and try--dip my toes in. Why, it seems to me the sun is hot enough to have warmed the very depths of the ocean. Could you get me a couple of towels? I'd better go right away, so as to be back in time. It would be a little too chilly if I waited till this afternoon." Mariequita ran over to Victor's room, and returned with some towels, which she gave to Edna.% "I hope you have fish for dinner," said Edna, as she started to walk away; "but don't do anything extra if you haven't." "Run and find Philomel's mother," Victor instructed the girl. "I'll go to the kitchen and see what I can do. By Gimminy! Women have no consideration! She might have sent me word." Edna walked on down to the beach rather mechanically, not noticing anything special except that the sun was hot. She was not dwelling upon any particular train of thought. She had done all the thinking which was necessary after Robert went away, when she lay awake upon the sofa till morning. She had said over and over to herself: "To-day it is Arobin; to-morrow it will be some one else. It makes no difference to me, it doesn't matter about Leonce Pontellier--but Raoul and Etienne!" She understood now clearly what she had meant long ago when she said to Adele Ratignolle that she would give up the unessential, but she would never sacrifice herself for her children. Despondency had come upon her there in the wakeful night, and had never lifted. There was no one thing in the world that she desired. There was no human being whom she wanted near her except Robert; and she even realized that the day would come when he, too, and the thought of him would melt out of her existence, leaving her alone. The children appeared before her like

Thesaurus chilly: (adj, adv) unfriendly; (adv) coolly, frigidly; (adj) cool, bleak, algid, freezing, frozen, icy, frosty; (adj, n) cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) hot, tropical, responsive, mild, welcoming, friendly, balmy, torrid. dwelling: (n) domicile, home, residence, house, place, accommodation, address, building, lodge, habitation; (adj, n) dwell. instructed: (adj) taught, tutored, enlightened, intelligent, arranged,

instruct, experienced, qualified; (v) erudite, lettered, leaned. melt: (v) dissolve, deliquesce, vanish, coalesce, relent, meld, fade, defrost; (adj, v) run, liquefy; (n, v) thaw. ANTONYMS: (v) freeze, solidify, cool, set. sacrifice: (n, v) oblation, forfeit; (v) offer, immolate, offer up, give, give up, relinquish; (n) immolation, loss, forfeiture. swim: (n) dip, swimming, bathing,

diving; (adj) rise; (v) hover, spin, drift, spire, plane, reel. victor: (n) winner, champion, vanquisher, master, champ, medalist, superior, title holder, hero, victorious, skipper. wakeful: (adj) vigilant, sleepless, awake, observant, restless, light, wary, psychologically light, lightheaded, tripping; (v) wistful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaware, asleep, inattentive, relaxed.

196

The Awakening & Other Short Stories

antagonists who had overcome her; who had overpowered and sought to drag her into the soul's slavery for the rest of her days. But she knew a way to elude them. She was not thinking of these things when she walked down to the beach.% The water of the Gulf stretched out before her, gleaming with the million lights of the sun. The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander in abysses of solitude. All along the white beach, up and down, there was no living thing in sight. A bird with a broken wing was beating the air above, reeling, fluttering, circling disabled down, down to the water. Edna had found her old bathing suit still hanging, faded, upon its accustomed peg. She put it on, leaving her clothing in the bath-house. But when she was there beside the sea, absolutely alone, she cast the unpleasant, pricking garments from her, and for the first time in her life she stood naked in the open air, at the mercy of the sun, the breeze that beat upon her, and the waves that invited her. How strange and awful it seemed to stand naked under the sky! how delicious! She felt like some new-born creature, opening its eyes in a familiar world that it had never known. The foamy wavelets curled up to her white feet, and coiled like serpents about her ankles. She walked out. The water was chill, but she walked on. The water was deep, but she lifted her white body and reached out with a long, sweeping stroke. The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body in its soft, close embrace. She went on and on. She remembered the night she swam far out, and recalled the terror that seized her at the fear of being unable to regain the shore. She did not look back now, but went on and on, thinking of the blue-grass meadow that she had traversed when a little child, believing that it had no beginning and no end.

Thesaurus circling: (v) snaky, serpentine; (adj) pricking: (adj, v) keen, poignant, sharp; (v) suffer, smart, penetrating; rotating, spinning, circular, spiral, moving; (n) circulation, circuit, (adj) pointed, piercing, urchin, thistly; cycling; (adv) around. (n) Peter. elude: (adj, v) evade, circumvent; (v) reeling: (adj) giddy, intoxicated, tipsy, dodge, duck, avoid, skirt, escape, queer, lightheaded, groggy, fuddled, baffle, defy, shirk, bilk. ANTONYMS: bewildered; (n) titubation, rotary (v) face, encounter, meet, acquire. straightening. overpowered: (adj) beaten, conquered, slavery: (adj, n) bondage, involuntary inundated, engulfed, flooded, routed, servitude; (n) servitude, drudgery, vanquished, subdued, subjugated, thraldom, thrall, yoke, travail, overflowing, mild. vassalage, thralldom, toil.

ANTONYMS: (n) liberty, freedom. solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness, seclusion, privacy, aloneness, isolation, retirement, lonesomeness, retreat, desert, solitariness. ANTONYMS: (n) companionship, closeness. whispering: (n) whisper, murmur, susurration, rustle, report, stage whisper; (adj, n) rustling; (adj) susurrant, tranquil, hoarse, susurrous.

Kate Chopin

197

Her arms and legs were growing tired.% She thought of Leonce and the children. They were a part of her life. But they need not have thought that they could possess her, body and soul. How Mademoiselle Reisz would have laughed, perhaps sneered, if she knew! "And you call yourself an artist! What pretensions, Madame! The artist must possess the courageous soul that dares and defies." Exhaustion was pressing upon and overpowering her. "Good-by--because I love you." He did not know; he did not understand. He would never understand. Perhaps Doctor Mandelet would have understood if she had seen him--but it was too late; the shore was far behind her, and her strength was gone. She looked into the distance, and the old terror flamed up for an instant, then sank again. Edna heard her father's voice and her sister Margaret's. She heard the barking of an old dog that was chained to the sycamore tree. The spurs of the cavalry officer clanged as he walked across the porch. There was the hum of bees, and the musky odor of pinks filled the air.

Thesaurus barking: (adj) latrant; (n) abay, latration. bees: (n) Apoidea, superfamily Apoidea. cavalry: (n) cavalier, voltigeur, uhlan, hussar, troops, soldiery, mounted rifles, light horse, horse artillery, dragoon, horse cavalry. chained: (adj) in chains, enchained, bound. courageous: (adj, n) bold; (adj) audacious, fearless, valiant, gallant,

intrepid, spirited, heroic, undaunted, patience, pedestal, stamina. manly, confident. ANTONYMS: (adj) sycamore: (n) plane tree, maple, great timid, wimpy, weak, spineless, maple, mulberry fig, lacewood, pusillanimous, fearful, fainthearted, buttonwood, platan, Scottish maple, afraid, despicable. tree, wood, plane. exhaustion: (n) consumption, terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n) dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay, enervation, tiredness, lassitude, attrition, weakening, weariness, consternation, horror, panic, inanition, weakness; (adj, n) collapse; apprehension, scourge. (adj) prostration. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security, vitality, pep, restoration, vim. delight, calm, confidence. legs: (v) pegs, trotters, pins; (n)

Kate Chopin

199

BEYOND THE BAYOU

The bayou curved like a crescent around the point of land on which La Folle's cabin stood. Between the stream and the hut lay a big abandoned field, where cattle were pastured when the bayou supplied them with water enough. Through the woods that spread back into unknown regions the woman had drawn an imaginary line, and past this circle she never stepped. This was the form of her only mania.% She was now a large, gaunt black woman, past thirty-five. Her real name was Jacqueline, but every one on the plantation called her La Folle, because in childhood she had been frightened literally "out of her senses," and had never wholly regained them. It was when there had been skirmishing and sharpshooting all day in the woods. Evening was near when P'tit Maitre, black with powder and crimson with blood, had staggered into the cabin of Jacqueline's mother, his pursuers close at his heels. The sight had stunned her childish reason. She dwelt alone in her solitary cabin, for the rest of the quarters had long since been removed beyond her sight and knowledge. She had more physical strength than most men, and made her patch of cotton and corn and tobacco like the best of them. But of the world beyond the bayou she had long known nothing, save what her morbid fancy conceived.

Thesaurus bayou: (n) inlet, estuary, fiord, lake, swamp, cove, fen, marsh; (v) creek, river, stream. crescent: (n) circus, carve, arch, arcade, bow, peristyle, lunule; (adj) semilunar, falcate; (adj, n) convex, concave. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncoiled, straight, unbent, unbowed. gaunt: (adj) lean, thin, cadaverous, desolate, bleak, dreary, meager, bony, angular, lanky, sullen. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, rounded,

obese. hostility, warfare, combating. imaginary: (adj) fictitious, unreal, solitary: (adj) forlorn, only, alone, false, mythical, illusory, ideal, single, lonely, lone, sole, unaccompanied, isolated; (adj, n) hypothetical, visionary, fictional, recluse; (n) hermit. ANTONYMS: notional, chimerical. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, palpable, actual, concrete, (adj) sociable, combined, common, prosaic, normal, true. outgoing. powder: (n, v) dust; (v) grind, crush, staggered: (adj) dumbfounded, pound, comminute, pulverize, astonished, flabbergasted, astounded, sprinkle, pulverise; (n) gunpowder, stunned, bewildered, surprised, pollen, explosive. thunderstruck, angular, dizzy, taken skirmishing: (n) altercation, bickering, aback.

200

Beyond the Bayou

People at Bellissime had grown used to her and her way, and they thought nothing of it. Even when "Old Mis'" died, they did not wonder that La Folle had not crossed the bayou, but had stood upon her side of it, wailing and lamenting.% P'tit Maitre was now the owner of Bellissime. He was a middle-aged man, with a family of beautiful daughters about him, and a little son whom La Folle loved as if he had been her own. She called him Cheri, and so did every one else because she did. None of the girls had ever been to her what Cheri was. They had each and all loved to be with her, and to listen to her wondrous stories of things that always happened "yonda, beyon' de bayou." But none of them had stroked her black hand quite as Cheri did, nor rested their heads against her knee so confidingly, nor fallen asleep in her arms as he used to do. For Cheri hardly did such things now, since he had become the proud possessor of a gun, and had had his black curls cut off. That summer--the summer Cheri gave La Folle two black curls tied with a knot of red ribbon--the water ran so low in the bayou that even the little children at Bellissime were able to cross it on foot, and the cattle were sent to pasture down by the river. La Folle was sorry when they were gone, for she loved these dumb companions well, and liked to feel that they were there, and to hear them browsing by night up to her own enclosure. It was Saturday afternoon, when the fields were deserted. The men had flocked to a neighboring village to do their week's trading, and the women were occupied with household affairs,--La Folle as well as the others. It was then she mended and washed her handful of clothes, scoured her house, and did her baking. In this last employment she never forgot Cheri. To-day she had fashioned croquignoles of the most fantastic and alluring shapes for him. So when she saw the boy come trudging across the old field with his gleaming little new rifle on his shoulder, she called out gayly to him, "Cheri! Cheri!"

Thesaurus alluring: (adj) tempting, charming, attractive, enticing, beguiling, glamorous, magnetic, enchanting, enthralling, appealing, appetizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing, unattractive, dull, repulsive. baking: (adj) hot, scorching, roasting, burning, boiling, sweltering, torrid; (n) cookery, cooking, stoving, firing. ANTONYM: (adj) fresh. browsing: (n) feeding, eating, reading, bruting.

companions: (n) circle, entourage, people. confidingly: (adv) trustfully, naively, untutoredly, simplely, unaffectedly, inartificially, unsophisticatedly. gayly: (adv) cheerfully, merrily, mirthfully, gaily, jovially, airily, lightly, sportively, easily, finely, courageously. pasture: (v) graze, browse, crop; (n) grass, grazing land, pasturage, field, ley, lea; (n, v) feed, forage.

scoured: (adj) worn, windswept, wrinkled, weathered, tough, gnarled, battered, craggy. wailing: (n, v) lamentation, lament, moaning; (adj) lamenting, weeping, crying, wailful, howling, sobbing; (adj, n) bawling; (n) cry. wondrous: (adj) marvelous, miraculous, marvellous, astonishing, tremendous, fantastic, phenomenal, extraordinary, rattling; (adv) wonderfully, marvellously.

Kate Chopin

201

But Cheri did not need the summons, for he was coming straight to her. His pockets all bulged out with almonds and raisins and an orange that he had secured for her from the very fine dinner which had been given that day up at his father's house.% He was a sunny-faced youngster of ten. When he had emptied his pockets, La Folle patted his round red cheek, wiped his soiled hands on her apron, and smoothed his hair. Then she watched him as, with his cakes in his hand, he crossed her strip of cotton back of the cabin, and disappeared into the wood. He had boasted of the things he was going to do with his gun out there. "You think they got plenty deer in the wood, La Folle?" he had inquired, with the calculating air of an experienced hunter. "Non, non!" the woman laughed. "Don't you look fo' no deer, Cheri. Dat's too big. But you bring La Folle one good fat squirrel fo' her dinner to-morrow, an' she goin' be satisfi'." "One squirrel ain't a bite. I'll bring you mo' 'an one, La Folle," he had boasted pompously as he went away. When the woman, an hour later, heard the report of the boy's rifle close to the wood's edge, she would have thought nothing of it if a sharp cry of distress had not followed the sound. She withdrew her arms from the tub of suds in which they had been plunged, dried them upon her apron, and as quickly as her trembling limbs would bear her, hurried to the spot whence the ominous report had come. It was as she feared. There she found Cheri stretched upon the ground, with his rifle beside him. He moaned piteously:-- "I'm dead, La Folle! I'm dead! I'm gone!" "Non, non!" she exclaimed resolutely, as she knelt beside him. "Put you' arm 'roun' La Folle's nake, Cheri. Dat's nuttin'; dat goin' be nuttin'." She lifted him in her powerful arms. Cheri had carried his gun muzzle-downward. He had stumbled,--he did not

Thesaurus bulged: (adj) bulgy, convex. calculating: (adj) scheming, sly, shrewd, crafty, calculative, wily, wary, discreet, devious; (n) calculation; (adj, v) wise. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncalculating, unassuming, reckless, artless, rash, guileless, candid, unconscious. emptied: (adj) empty, void, depleted, emptier, annulled, open, vacuous. ominous: (adj) baleful, inauspicious, ill, menacing, threatening, black,

sinister, minatory, unlucky, unfalteringly, boldly, steadily, forbidding, minacious. ANTONYMS: stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly, (adj) promising, auspicious, unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv) reassuring, bright, lucky, wonderful. irresolutely, indecisively, uncertainly, pompously: (adv) ostentatiously, feebly, hesitantly, aimlessly. squirrel: (n) hackee, spermophile, turgidly, proudly, pretentiously, imperiously, conceitedly, affectedly, baranduki, burunduki, gopher, stiltedly, puffily, showily, haughtily. baronduki, barunduki, collector; (v) ANTONYMS: (adv) modestly, bank, conserve; (adj) courser. suds: (n, v) foam, froth, spume; (n) meekly. resolutely: (adv) determinedly, lather, soapsuds, bubbles, head, beer, decidedly, steadfastly, decisively, bubble, lager, surf.

202

Beyond the Bayou

know how. He only knew that he had a ball lodged somewhere in his leg, and he thought that his end was at hand. Now, with his head upon the woman's shoulder, he moaned and wept with pain and fright.% "Oh, La Folle! La Folle! it hurt so bad! I can' stan' it, La Folle!" "Don't cry, mon bebe, mon bebe, mon Cheri!" the woman spoke soothingly as she covered the ground with long strides. "La Folle goin' mine you; Doctor Bonfils goin' come make mon Cheri well agin." She had reached the abandoned field. As she crossed it with her precious burden, she looked constantly and restlessly from side to side. A terrible fear was upon her, --the fear of the world beyond the bayou, the morbid and insane dread she had been under since childhood. When she was at the bayou's edge she stood there, and shouted for help as if a life depended upon it:-- "Oh, P'tit Maitre! P'tit Maitre! Venez donc! Au secours! Au secours!" No voice responded. Cheri's hot tears were scalding her neck. She called for each and every one upon the place, and still no answer came. She shouted, she wailed; but whether her voice remained unheard or unheeded, no reply came to her frenzied cries. And all the while Cheri moaned and wept and entreated to be taken home to his mother. La Folle gave a last despairing look around her. Extreme terror was upon her. She clasped the child close against her breast, where he could feel her heart beat like a muffled hammer. Then shutting her eyes, she ran suddenly down the shallow bank of the bayou, and never stopped till she had climbed the opposite shore. She stood there quivering an instant as she opened her eyes. Then she plunged into the footpath through the trees. She spoke no more to Cheri, but muttered constantly, "Bon Dieu, ayez pitie La Folle! Bon Dieu, ayez pitie moi!" Instinct seemed to guide her. When the pathway spread clear and smooth

Thesaurus despairing: (adj) hopeless, desperate, despondent, forlorn, desolate, dejected, pessimistic, sad, brokenhearted, miserable, inconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, optimistic, rosy, happy, confident, cheerful. frenzied: (adj) frenetic, crazy, delirious, hectic, furious, wild, manic, fanatical, raging, rabid; (n) maniac. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, controlled, mellow, composed.

lodged: (adj) wedged, stuck fast, stuck, jammed. restlessly: (adv) fidgetily, apprehensively, agitatedly, fretfully, unquietly, sleeplessly, nervously, restively, edgily, anxiously, disturbedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) peacefully, unconcernedly. scalding: (adj) boiling, hot, torrid, burning, scorching, broiling, blistering, fiery, searing, baking, steaming. ANTONYM: (adj) cold.

secours: (n) lift. soothingly: (adv) softly, quietly, calmingly, lullingly, lightly, tenderly, kindly, blandly, calmly, comfortingly, sedatively. unheard: (adj) aspirated, atonic, deaf, indistinct, involving surds, nonvocal, radical, sharp, silent, surd, irrational. unheeded: (adj) unnoticed, neglected, disregarded, ignored; (v) unthought of, unseen, unperceived, unobserved, unnoted, unmarked, unmissed.

Kate Chopin

203

enough before her, she again closed her eyes tightly against the sight of that unknown and terrifying world.% A child, playing in some weeds, caught sight of her as she neared the quarters. The little one uttered a cry of dismay. "La Folle!" she screamed, in her piercing treble. "La Folle done cross de bayer!" Quickly the cry passed down the line of cabins. "Yonda, La Folle done cross de bayou!" Children, old men, old women, young ones with infants in their arms, flocked to doors and windows to see this awe-inspiring spectacle. Most of them shuddered with superstitious dread of what it might portend. "She totin' Cheri!" some of them shouted. Some of the more daring gathered about her, and followed at her heels, only to fall back with new terror when she turned her distorted face upon them. Her eyes were bloodshot and the saliva had gathered in a white foam on her black lips. Some one had run ahead of her to where P'tit Maitre sat with his family and guests upon the gallery. "P'tit Maitre! La Folle done cross de bayou! Look her! Look her yonda totin' Cheri!" This startling intimation was the first which they had of the woman's approach. She was now near at hand. She walked with long strides. Her eyes were fixed desperately before her, and she breathed heavily, as a tired ox. At the foot of the stairway, which she could not have mounted, she laid the boy in his father's arms. Then the world that had looked red to La Folle suddenly turned black,--like that day she had seen powder and blood. She reeled for an instant. Before a sustaining arm could reach her, she fell heavily to the ground. When La Folle regained consciousness, she was at home again, in her own

Thesaurus awe-inspiring: (adj) awesome, solemn, betoken, forecast, foreshadow, bode, continuation, maintenance. terrifying: (adj) horrible, frightening, glorious, monumental, brilliant, presage, herald, predict, foreshow. saliva: (n) drivel, spittle, spit, dribble, dignified, fearful, terrible, unusual, alarming, fearsome, scary, horrifying, weird, wonderful. drool, sputum, secretion, slabber, terrific, appalling, formidable, bloodshot: (n) inflamed. ghastly, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) mucus, slaver, slobber. breathed: (adj) unvoiced, inaudible, superstitious: (adj) superstition, false, safe, pleasant, reassuring. treble: (adj) threefold, ternary, triplex, breathing, aphonic. groundless, eerie, irrational, intimation: (n) hint, inkling, fallacious. thribble, double, dual, high, voce di testa, shrill; (adj, v) triple; (v) sing. implication, insinuation, suggestion, sustaining: (adj) underneath, weeds: (n) viduity, mourning band, clue, allusion, indication, cue, notice, alimentary, at the bottom of, innuendo. comforting, filling, fundamental, garment, cypress, widowhood, dress; portend: (v) foretell, indicate, augur, healthy, profitable, rich; (n) (adj) willow.

204

Beyond the Bayou

cabin and upon her own bed. The moon rays, streaming in through the open door and windows, gave what light was needed to the old black mammy who stood at the table concocting a tisane of fragrant herbs. It was very late.% Others who had come, and found that the stupor clung to her, had gone again. P'tit Maitre had been there, and with him Doctor Bonfils, who said that La Folle might die. But death had passed her by. The voice was very clear and steady with which she spoke to Tante Lizette, brewing her tisane there in a corner. "Ef you will give me one good drink tisane, Tante Lizette, I b'lieve I'm goin' sleep, me." And she did sleep; so soundly, so healthfully, that old Lizette without compunction stole softly away, to creep back through the moonlit fields to her own cabin in the new quarters. The first touch of the cool gray morning awoke La Folle. She arose, calmly, as if no tempest had shaken and threatened her existence but yesterday. She donned her new blue cottonade and white apron, for she remembered that this was Sunday. When she had made for herself a cup of strong black coffee, and drunk it with relish, she quitted the cabin and walked across the old familiar field to the bayou's edge again. She did not stop there as she had always done before, but crossed with a long, steady stride as if she had done this all her life. When she had made her way through the brush and scrub cottonwood-trees that lined the opposite bank, she found herself upon the border of a field where the white, bursting cotton, with the dew upon it, gleamed for acres and acres like frosted silver in the early dawn. La Folle drew a long, deep breath as she gazed across the country. She walked slowly and uncertainly, like one who hardly knows how, looking about her as she went. The cabins, that yesterday had sent a clamor of voices to pursue her, were

Thesaurus clamor: (n, v) outcry, cry, clamour, hullabaloo, roar, shout; (n) noise, racket, uproar, exclamation, hubbub. ANTONYMS: (n) silence, serenity, tranquility; (v) whisper, mutter. compunction: (n) repentance, remorse, contrition, qualm, penance, regret, compassion, rue, scruple, sorrow, guilt. ANTONYMS: (n) hardness, indifference, meanness, remorselessness. frosted: (adj) rimy, frozen, nacreous,

opaque, iced, icy, white, pearly, milky, frigid, crisp. healthfully: (adv) wholesomely, soundly, robustly, halely, salutarily, salubriously, sanitarily, hygienically, nourishingly, goodly, remedially. mammy: (n) mama, mamma, mum, mummy, mommy, momma, mom, nurse, mam, nursemaid, mother. soundly: (adv) sound, fully, solidly, thoroughly, deeply, substantially, validly, strongly, stably, fastly, safely.

ANTONYMS: (adv) harmfully, halfheartedly, fitfully, unconvincingly. stride: (n, v) pace, tread, walk, stalk, rate, toddle, stump; (n) footstep, gait, progress; (v) march. tempest: (adj, n) storm, gust; (n) gale, hurricane, squall, disturbance, cyclone, typhoon, agitation, tornado, blizzard. ANTONYM: (n) serenity. tisane: (n) camomile tea, herbal tea, herb tea.

Kate Chopin

205

quiet now. No one was yet astir at Bellissime. Only the birds that darted here and there from hedges were awake, and singing their matins.% When La Folle came to the broad stretch of velvety lawn that surrounded the house, she moved slowly and with delight over the springy turf, that was delicious beneath her tread. She stopped to find whence came those perfumes that were assailing her senses with memories from a time far gone. There they were, stealing up to her from the thousand blue violets that peeped out from green, luxuriant beds. There they were, showering down from the big waxen bells of the magnolias far above her head, and from the jessamine clumps around her. There were roses, too, without number. To right and left palms spread in broad and graceful curves. It all looked like enchantment beneath the sparkling sheen of dew. When La Folle had slowly and cautiously mounted the many steps that led up to the veranda, she turned to look back at the perilous ascent she had made. Then she caught sight of the river, bending like a silver bow at the foot of Bellissime. Exultation possessed her soul. La Folle rapped softly upon a door near at hand. Cheri's mother soon cautiously opened it. Quickly and cleverly she dissembled the astonishment she felt at seeing La Folle. "Ah, La Folle! Is it you, so early?" "Oui, madame. I come ax how my po' li'le Cheri do, 's mo'nin'." "He is feeling easier, thank you, La Folle. Dr. Bonfils says it will be nothing serious. He's sleeping now. Will you come back when he awakes?" "Non, madame. I'm goin' wait yair tell Cheri wake up." La Folle seated herself upon the topmost step of the veranda. A look of wonder and deep content crept into her face as she watched for the first time the sun rise upon the new, the beautiful world beyond the bayou.

Thesaurus assailing: (v) assail; (n) attack; (adj) aggressive, assailant, offensive. astir: (adj) agog, lively, wakeful; (adv) afoot, abroach, about; (v) sparkling, up the qui vive, wrought up. ANTONYM: (adj) asleep. bells: (n) addition, approval, matrimony, marriage, approbation, wedding. dissembled: (adj) secret, treacherous. enchantment: (n) attraction, captivation, charm, conjuration,

ANTONYM: (n) dullness. sorcery, spell, bewitchment, incantation, delight, bewitchery; (adj, springy: (adj) flexible, elastic, resilient, n) rapture. ANTONYMS: (n) bouncy, yielding, whippy, pliable, displeasure, discomfort. spongy, lively, live, supple. perilous: (adj, v) dangerous, ANTONYM: (adj) unyielding. hazardous; (adj) insecure, unsafe, velvety: (adj) smooth, soft, velvet, parlous, precarious, risky, silky, fluffy, woolly, supple, creamy, delicate, furry; (v) lanate. treacherous, dicey, critical, dodgy. ANTONYM: (adj) secure. ANTONYMS: (adj) croaky, watery. sheen: (n, v) shine, gleam; (n) polish, waxen: (adj) pale, waxy, white, gloss, light, glow, lustre, glitter, colorless, wan, ashen, yielding, soft, brightness, brilliance; (v) burnish. gray, drawn, cereous.

Kate Chopin

MA'AME PELAGIE

207

Kate Chopin

209

I

When the war began, there stood on Cote Joyeuse an imposing mansion of red brick, shaped like the Pantheon. A grove of majestic live-oaks surrounded it.% Thirty years later, only the thick walls were standing, with the dull red brick showing here and there through a matted growth of clinging vines. The huge round pillars were intact; so to some extent was the stone flagging of hall and portico. There had been no home so stately along the whole stretch of Cote Joyeuse. Every one knew that, as they knew it had cost Philippe Valmet sixty thousand dollars to build, away back in 1840. No one was in danger of forgetting that fact, so long as his daughter Pelagie survived. She was a queenly, white-haired woman of fifty. "Ma'ame Pelagie," they called her, though she was unmarried, as was her sister Pauline, a child in Ma'ame Pelagie's eyes; a child of thirty-five. The two lived alone in a three-roomed cabin, almost within the shadow of the ruin. They lived for a dream, for Ma'ame Pelagie's dream, which was to rebuild the old home. It would be pitiful to tell how their days were spent to accomplish this end; how the dollars had been saved for thirty years and the picayunes hoarded; and yet, not half enough gathered! But Ma'ame Pelagie felt sure of twenty years of life before her, and counted upon as many more for her sister. And what could

Thesaurus accomplish: (v) perform, reach, do, compass, perfect, attain, make, fulfill, realize, execute, carry out. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, neglect, choke, blow, lose. flagging: (adj) tired, fading, lazy, slack, failing, remiss, pendulous; (v) lame, halting, enervate; (n) pavement. ANTONYM: (adj) prompt. majestic: (adj) grand, awesome, stately, imperial, royal, exalted, glorious, kingly, August; (adj, v)

imposing; (adj, adv) regal. ANTONYMS: (adj) pathetic, pitiful, modest, lowly, undignified. matted: (adj) entangled, tangled, knotted, flat, matt, matte, knotty, fixed, kinky, twisted; (v) crossed. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, straight, free. pitiful: (adj, n) abject; (adj) pathetic, lamentable, piteous, contemptible, miserable, distressing, mean, wretched, poor, sad. ANTONYMS:

(adj) generous, heartwarming, admirable, cheerful, fine, happy, impressive. portico: (n) portal, arcade, entrance, veranda, corridor, mouth, lips, inlet, chops, balcony, orifice. queenly: (adj) queenlike, royal, noble, dignified, regal, majestic, imperial, sovereign. rebuild: (v) restore, repair, mend, rehabilitate, rebuilding, renew, renovate, reform, fix, do up, heal.

210

Ma'ame Pelagie

not come to pass in twenty--in forty--years? Often, of pleasant afternoons, the two would drink their black coffee, seated upon the stone-flagged portico whose canopy was the blue sky of Louisiana. They loved to sit there in the silence, with only each other and the sheeny, prying lizards for company, talking of the old times and planning for the new; while light breezes stirred the tattered vines high up among the columns, where owls nested.% "We can never hope to have all just as it was, Pauline," Ma'ame Pelagie would say; "perhaps the marble pillars of the salon will have to be replaced by wooden ones, and the crystal candelabra left out. Should you be willing, Pauline?" "Oh, yes Sesoeur, I shall be willing." It was always, "Yes, Sesoeur," or "No, Sesoeur," "Just as you please, Sesoeur," with poor little Mam'selle Pauline. For what did she remember of that old life and that old spendor? Only a faint gleam here and there; the half-consciousness of a young, uneventful existence; and then a great crash. That meant the nearness of war; the revolt of slaves; confusion ending in fire and flame through which she was borne safely in the strong arms of Pelagie, and carried to the log cabin which was still their home. Their brother, Leandre, had known more of it all than Pauline, and not so much as Pelagie. He had left the management of the big plantation with all its memories and traditions to his older sister, and had gone away to dwell in cities. That was many years ago. Now, Leandre's business called him frequently and upon long journeys from home, and his motherless daughter was coming to stay with her aunts at Cote Joyeuse. They talked about it, sipping their coffee on the ruined portico. Mam'selle Pauline was terribly excited; the flush that throbbed into her pale, nervous face showed it; and she locked her thin fingers in and out incessantly. "But what shall we do with La Petite, Sesoeur? Where shall we put her? How shall we amuse her? Ah, Seigneur!" "She will sleep upon a cot in the room next to ours," responded Ma'ame Pelagie, "and live as we do. She knows how we live, and why we live; her father

Thesaurus dwell: (adj, v) inhabit; (v) reside, bide, live, stay, lodge, delay, occupy, continue, be, settle. ANTONYM: (v) wander. motherless: (adj) unparented, parentless, udderless. nearness: (n) closeness, contiguity, vicinity, familiarity, adjacency, proximity, propinquity, presence, immediacy, neighborhood, nearby. ANTONYMS: (n) distance, farness, remoteness.

owls: (n) order Strigiformes, libant. tattered: (adj) shabby, ragged, scruffy, Strigiformes. prying: (adj) inquisitive, meddlesome, dilapidated, threadbare, frayed, seedy, worn out, torn, shattered; (adj, nosy, inquiring, nosey, intrusive, busy, snoopy; (n) nosiness, curiosity; v) bedraggled. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj, n) meddling. ANTONYMS: (adj) elegant, smart, new. apathetic; (n) apathy. uneventful: (adj) eventless, prosaic, sheeny: (adj) glossy, lustrous, shiny, humdrum, slow, dreary, indecisive, shining, glistening, glazed, without any passion, lifeless, calendered; (adj, v) bright; (v) radiant, uninteresting, general, mere. ANTONYMS: (adj) eventful, glittering, fair. sipping: (n) imbibing, imbibition; (adj) extraordinary, memorable, inspiring.

Kate Chopin

211

has told her. She knows we have money and could squander it if we chose. Do not fret, Pauline; let us hope La Petite is a true Valmet." Then Ma'ame Pelagie rose with stately deliberation and went to saddle her horse, for she had yet to make her last daily round through the fields; and Mam'selle Pauline threaded her way slowly among the tangled grasses toward the cabin.% The coming of La Petite, bringing with her as she did the pungent atmosphere of an outside and dimly known world, was a shock to these two, living their dream-life. The girl was quite as tall as her aunt Pelagie, with dark eyes that reflected joy as a still pool reflects the light of stars; and her rounded cheek was tinged like the pink crepe myrtle. Mam'selle Pauline kissed her and trembled. Ma'ame Pelagie looked into her eyes with a searching gaze, which seemed to seek a likeness of the past in the living present. And they made room between them for this young life.

Thesaurus chose: (v) choose, opt, decide; (n) annoy; (n) anxiety. likeness: (n) resemblance, copy, effigy, thing. crepe: (n, v) crape; (n) French pancake, image, affinity, similarity, correspondence, facsimile; (adj, n) pancake, battercake, crepe paper, marocain; (v) frizzly, wreathy. figure, form, semblance. dimly: (adv) obscurely, darkly, faintly, ANTONYMS: (n) difference, dully, duskily, vaguely, shadowily, diversity, dissimilarity, unlikeness, hazily, gloomily, somberly; (adj, adv) contrast. palely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clearly, myrtle: (n) Vinca minor. pungent: (adj, n) bitter; (adj) hot, strongly, distinctly. fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; peppery, acid, acrid, biting, (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, penetrating, caustic; (adj, v) poignant,

keen, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, sweet, faint, odorless. tangled: (adj) involved, complex, knotted, intricate, complicated, entangled, knotty, convoluted, disheveled, tousled, matted. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, straightforward, untangled, neat, simple. tinged: (adj) plausible, bright, painted, fey, touched, specious, colorful, stained, tined, dyed, tinct.

Kate Chopin

213

II

La Petite had determined upon trying to fit herself to the strange, narrow existence which she knew awaited her at Cote Joyeuse. It went well enough at first. Sometimes she followed Ma'ame Pelagie into the fields to note how the cotton was opening, ripe and white; or to count the ears of corn upon the hardy stalks. But oftener she was with her aunt Pauline, assisting in household offices, chattering of her brief past, or walking with the older woman arm-in-arm under the trailing moss of the giant oaks.% Mam'selle Pauline's steps grew very buoyant that summer, and her eyes were sometimes as bright as a bird's, unless La Petite were away from her side, when they would lose all other light but one of uneasy expectancy. The girl seemed to love her well in return, and called her endearingly Tan'tante. But as the time went by, La Petite became very quiet,--not listless, but thoughtful, and slow in her movements. Then her cheeks began to pale, till they were tinged like the creamy plumes of the white crepe myrtle that grew in the ruin. One day when she sat within its shadow, between her aunts, holding a hand of each, she said: "Tante Pelagie, I must tell you something, you and Tan'tante." She spoke low, but clearly and firmly. "I love you both,--please remember that I love you both. But I must go away from you. I can't live any longer here at Cote Joyeuse. " A spasm passed through Mam'selle Pauline's delicate frame. La Petite could

Thesaurus assisting: (adj) aiding, auxiliary, chattering: (n) chatter, cackle, yak, grabbing, claver; (adj) talkative, subsidiary, suffragan, adjuvant, supporting, support, secondary, loquacious, noisy, gabby, garrulous; supplementary, assistant; (n) helping. (v) natter. ANTONYM: (adj) main. corn: (n) clavus, cereals, Zea Mays, buoyant: (adj) cheerful, light, callus, wheat, Indian corn, callosity, grain; (v) feed, keep; (adj, n) optimistic, lighthearted, airy, hopeful, floaty, bright, blithe, elastic; commonplace. (adj, n) sanguine. ANTONYMS: (adj) creamy: (adj) greasy, sandy, buttery, heavy, weighted, down, depressed, pearly, soft, oily, rich, smooth, thick, fatty, unctuous. ANTONYMS: (adj) somber, miserable, serious, melancholy, downbeat. light, lumpy, clear, watery.

endearingly: (adv) lovely, sweetly, engagingly, charmingly, attractively. moss: (n) lichen, marsh, bog, morass, marish, fen, bryophyte, quagmire, swamp, Bryace; (adj) byssus. spasm: (n) fit, outburst, cramp, attack, twitch, paroxysm, convulsion, pain, pang, start, tic. trailing: (n) tracking, drift, pursuit, streaminess, hunt, heeling; (adj) following, rambling, sprawling, prone, procumbent.

214

Ma'ame Pelagie

feel the twitch of it in the wiry fingers that were intertwined with her own. Ma'ame Pelagie remained unchanged and motionless. No human eye could penetrate so deep as to see the satisfaction which her soul felt. She said: "What do you mean, Petite? Your father has sent you to us, and I am sure it is his wish that you remain." "My father loves me, tante Pelagie, and such will not be his wish when he knows. Oh!" she continued with a restless, movement, "it is as though a weight were pressing me backward here. I must live another life; the life I lived before. I want to know things that are happening from day to day over the world, and hear them talked about. I want my music, my books, my companions. If I had known no other life but this one of privation, I suppose it would be different. If I had to live this life, I should make the best of it. But I do not have to; and you know, tante Pelagie, you do not need to. It seems to me," she added in a whisper, "that it is a sin against myself. Ah, Tan'tante!--what is the matter with Tan'tante?" It was nothing; only a slight feeling of faintness, that would soon pass. She entreated them to take no notice; but they brought her some water and fanned her with a palmetto leaf.% But that night, in the stillness of the room, Mam'selle Pauline sobbed and would not be comforted. Ma'ame Pelagie took her in her arms. "Pauline, my little sister Pauline," she entreated, "I never have seen you like this before. Do you no longer love me? Have we not been happy together, you and I?" "Oh, yes, Sesoeur." "Is it because La Petite is going away?" "Yes, Sesoeur." "Then she is dearer to you than I!" spoke Ma'ame Pelagie with sharp resentment. "Than I, who held you and warmed you in my arms the day you were born; than I, your mother, father, sister, everything that could cherish you. Pauline, don't tell me that."

Thesaurus backward: (adj, adv) late, behindhand; (adj) tardy, retarded, reluctant, coy, slow, laggard, dilatory; (adv) behind, backwardly. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) ahead; (adv) onward; (adj) quick, developing, advanced, confident, brilliant, bold. cherish: (v) care for, nurture, treasure, entertain, cultivate, bosom, prize, esteem, harbor; (n, v) hug, foster. ANTONYMS: (v) hate, scorn, reject, denounce, despise, neglect.

comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased, palmetto, cabbage palm. privation: (n) hardship, need, comfortable, calmed. intertwined: (prep) clasped together, deprivation, necessity, poverty, interlocked, interfolded; (adj) related, deficiency, misery, impoverishment, destitution, dearth; (n, v) loss. matted, inseparable, disheveled, ANTONYM: (n) affluence. tangled, entangled. motionless: (adj) inactive, inert, spoke: (n) bar, rung, radius, rule, shoe, skid, rundle, line, clog, round; (v) immobile, stationary, fixed, unmoving, quiescent, dead, torpid; said. (adj, adv) calm, at rest. ANTONYMS: twitch: (n, v) twinge, pull, yank, pluck, (adj) mobile, active, alive, flowing. tug, tweak, wrench, pinch, start; (v) palmetto: (n) fan palm, cabbage draw, nip.

Kate Chopin

215

Mam'selle Pauline tried to talk through her sobs.% "I can't explain it to you, Sesoeur. I don't understand it myself. I love you as I have always loved you; next to God. But if La Petite goes away I shall die. I can't understand,--help me, Sesoeur. She seems--she seems like a saviour; like one who had come and taken me by the hand and was leading me somewheresomewhere I want to go." Ma'ame Pelagie had been sitting beside the bed in her peignoir and slippers. She held the hand of her sister who lay there, and smoothed down the woman's soft brown hair. She said not a word, and the silence was broken only by Mam'selle Pauline's continued sobs. Once Ma'ame Pelagie arose to mix a drink of orange-flower water, which she gave to her sister, as she would have offered it to a nervous, fretful child. Almost an hour passed before Ma'ame Pelagie spoke again. Then she said:-"Pauline, you must cease that sobbing, now, and sleep. You will make yourself ill. La Petite will not go away. Do you hear me? Do you understand? She will stay, I promise you." Mam'selle Pauline could not clearly comprehend, but she had great faith in the word of her sister, and soothed by the promise and the touch of Ma'ame Pelagie's strong, gentle hand, she fell asleep.

Thesaurus asleep: (adj) sleeping, deceased, sleepy, dormant, numb, dead, sound asleep, snoozing, slumbering, napping, gone. ANTONYMS: (adj) up, attentive, alert, conscious. cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, terminate, break, break off, close, conclude, discontinue, abstain. ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, commence, persist, stay. fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj) restless, anxious, testy, sullen, irritable,

impatient, uneasy, petulant, fidgety, crabbed. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree. gentle: (adj) easy, friendly, soft, kind, affable, balmy, mild, feeble, compassionate; (adj, adv) calm; (adj, v) tame. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, loud, fierce, caustic, violent, rough, hardhearted, abrupt, heavy, steep, sheer. promise: (n, v) covenant, guarantee, contract, vow, bargain; (v) augur, assure; (n) engagement, assurance,

plight, word. saviour: (n) deliverer, rescuer, savior, redeemer, Christ, saver, liberator, recoverer, messianic, Jesus Christ, Jesus. shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require, bequeath, leave. sobbing: (adj) crying, weeping, weepy, tearful; (n) lamentation, shortness of breath, shit, prick, motherfucker, tear, lament. soothed: (adj) composed.

Kate Chopin

217

III

Ma'ame Pelagie, when she saw that her sister slept, arose noiselessly and stepped outside upon the low-roofed narrow gallery. She did not linger there, but with a step that was hurried and agitated, she crossed the distance that divided her cabin from the ruin.% The night was not a dark one, for the sky was clear and the moon resplendent. But light or dark would have made no difference to Ma'ame Pelagie. It was not the first time she had stolen away to the ruin at night-time, when the whole plantation slept; but she never before had been there with a heart so nearly broken. She was going there for the last time to dream her dreams; to see the visions that hitherto had crowded her days and nights, and to bid them farewell. There was the first of them, awaiting her upon the very portal; a robust old white-haired man, chiding her for returning home so late. There are guests to be entertained. Does she not know it? Guests from the city and from the near plantations. Yes, she knows it is late. She had been abroad with Felix, and they did not notice how the time was speeding. Felix is there; he will explain it all. He is there beside her, but she does not want to hear what he will tell her father. Ma'ame Pelagie had sunk upon the bench where she and her sister so often came to sit. Turning, she gazed in through the gaping chasm of the window at

Thesaurus agitated: (adj) upset, excited, nervous, restive, tumultuous, distressed, tense, jumpy, overwrought, anxious, alarmed. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, lethargic, tranquil, relaxed, assured, cool, still. chasm: (n) breach, gap, hiatus, gulf, ravine, hole, abysm, vacancy, canyon, aperture, emptiness. ANTONYMS: (n) junction, closure. chiding: (n) scolding, rebuke, blame, reprehension, rap, censure,

portal: (n) gate, door, mouth, gateway, upbraiding, wigging, brawl, admonition; (adv) scoldingly. porch, entry, entrance, inlet, portals, gaping: (adj, n) agape; (adj) vast, entree, lips. yawning, cavernous, discontinuous, resplendent: (adj, n) bright, lucid; (adj) wide, ajar, drowsy, hollow, wide radiant, luminous, illustrious, open; (adj, v) oscitant. ANTONYMS: splendid, flamboyant, glorious, (adj) cramped, narrow. magnificent, gorgeous, effulgent. noiselessly: (adv) silently, soundlessly, ANTONYM: (adj) dull. sunk: (adj) sunken, undone, finished, stilly, softly, mutely, delicately, wordlessly, gently, speechlessly; (adj, ruined, profound, immersed, adv) stealthily; (adj) noiseless. damaged, lowed, lying flat; (v) cut ANTONYMS: (adv) heavily, audibly. up, dashed.

218

Ma'ame Pelagie

her side. The interior of the ruin is ablaze. Not with the moonlight, for that is faint beside the other one--the sparkle from the crystal candelabra, which negroes, moving noiselessly and respectfully about, are lighting, one after the other. How the gleam of them reflects and glances from the polished marble pillars! The room holds a number of guests. There is old Monsieur Lucien Santien, leaning against one of the pillars, and laughing at something which Monsieur Lafirme is telling him, till his fat shoulders shake. His son Jules is with him-Jules, who wants to marry her. She laughs. She wonders if Felix has told her father yet. There is young Jerome Lafirme playing at checkers upon the sofa with Leandre. Little Pauline stands annoying them and disturbing the game. Leandre reproves her. She begins to cry, and old black Clementine, her nurse, who is not far off, limps across the room to pick her up and carry her away. How sensitive the little one is! But she trots about and takes care of herself better than she did a year or two ago, when she fell upon the stone hall floor and raised a great "bo-bo" on her forehead. Pelagie was hurt and angry enough about it; and she ordered rugs and buffalo robes to be brought and laid thick upon the tiles, till the little one's steps were surer.% "Il ne faut pas faire mal a Pauline." She was saying it aloud --"faire mal a Pauline." But she gazes beyond the salon, back into the big dining hall, where the white crepe myrtle grows. Ha! how low that bat has circled. It has struck Ma'ame Pelagie full on the breast. She does not know it. She is beyond there in the dining hall, where her father sits with a group of friends over their wine. As usual they are talking politics. How tiresome! She has heard them say "la guerre" oftener than once. La guerre. Bah! She and Felix have something pleasanter to talk about, out under the oaks, or back in the shadow of the oleanders. But they were right! The sound of a cannon, shot at Sumter, has rolled across the Southern States, and its echo is heard along the whole stretch of Cote Joyeuse.

Thesaurus buffalo: (n) American bison, bison bison, anoa, American buffalo, zebu, yak, metropolis, Cape buffalo, city; (v) cow, bully. checkers: (n) checker, dominos, go bang, solitaire, chequers, board game, chessboard, backgammon, misere chess. oaks: (n) beech family, Castanopsis, Nothofagus, Lithocarpus, genus Quercus, Genera Castanea, family Fagaceae, Fagus, Fagaceae, chestnuts.

respectfully: (adv) reverentially, reverently, politely, courteously, civilly, attentively, graciously, submissively, obsequiously, admiringly, regardfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently, contemptuously, disdainfully, rudely, insolently, audaciously, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently, disobediently, arrogantly. sparkle: (n, v) flicker, flash, shimmer, spark, shine, blaze, fizz, gleam,

glitter; (v) blink, glare. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, dullness, lifelessness. tiles: (n) floor covering, flooring. tiresome: (adj) tedious, dull, laborious, irksome, monotonous, annoying, slow, dreary, bothersome; (adj, v) wearisome, troublesome. ANTONYMS: (adj) stimulating, fun, varied, soothing, pleasant, brisk, exciting, convenient, refreshing. trots: (n) Aztec two-step, Montezuma's revenge; (adj) ill.

Kate Chopin

219

Yet Pelagie does not believe it. Not till La Ricaneuse stands before her with bare, black arms akimbo, uttering a volley of vile abuse and of brazen impudence. Pelagie wants to kill her. But yet she will not believe. Not till Felix comes to her in the chamber above the dining hall--there where that trumpet vine hangs--comes to say good-by to her. The hurt which the big brass buttons of his new gray uniform pressed into the tender flesh of her bosom has never left it. She sits upon the sofa, and he beside her, both speechless with pain. That room would not have been altered. Even the sofa would have been there in the same spot, and Ma'ame Pelagie had meant all along, for thirty years, all along, to lie there upon it some day when the time came to die.% But there is no time to weep, with the enemy at the door. The door has been no barrier. They are clattering through the halls now, drinking the wines, shattering the crystal and glass, slashing the portraits. One of them stands before her and tells her to leave the house. She slaps his face. How the stigma stands out red as blood upon his blanched cheek! Now there is a roar of fire and the flames are bearing down upon her motionless figure. She wants to show them how a daughter of Louisiana can perish before her conquerors. But little Pauline clings to her knees in an agony of terror. Little Pauline must be saved. "Il ne faut pas faire mal a Pauline." Again she is saying it aloud--"faire mal a Pauline." The night was nearly spent; Ma'ame Pelagie had glided from the bench upon which she had rested, and for hours lay prone upon the stone flagging, motionless. When she dragged herself to her feet it was to walk like one in a dream. About the great, solemn pillars, one after the other, she reached her arms, and pressed her cheek and her lips upon the senseless brick. "Adieu, adieu!" whispered Ma'ame Pelagie. There was no longer the moon to guide her steps across the familiar pathway to the cabin. The brightest light in the sky was Venus, that swung low in the east. The bats had ceased to beat their wings about the ruin. Even the mocking-

Thesaurus adieu: (int, n) farewell; (n) vale, valediction, goodbye, leave, cheerio, adios, bye, so long, parting; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYM: (n) greeting. akimbo: (adj) geniculated, knock kneed, crinkled; (n) knuckle, fluke, kimbo, crane, groin, crotch, knee, zigzag. blanched: (adj) ashen, colorless, white, bleached, bloodless, benevolent, wan, pale, lightened, fair, faded. brazen: (adj) audacious, impudent,

brassy, insolent, bold, brash, impertinent, blatant, flagrant, forward, saucy. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, abashed, prudish, reserved, quiet, discreet, respectful, ashamed, veiled, modest. clattering: (n) crash; (adj) clattery. impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass; (n) cheek, gall, audacity, impertinence, insolence, face, cheekiness, effrontery, assurance. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, reticence.

perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) survive, live, appear. slashing: (adj) severe, vehement, violent, superb, tremendous, racy, spirited, stunning, bold, lively; (n) ground clearance. volley: (n, v) hail, firing, blast, explosion; (adj, n, v) burst, discharge; (n) fusillade, shower, storm, barrage, fire.

220

Ma'ame Pelagie

bird that had warbled for hours in the old mulberry-tree had sung himself asleep. That darkest hour before the day was mantling the earth. Ma'ame Pelagie hurried through the wet, clinging grass, beating aside the heavy moss that swept across her face, walking on toward the cabin-toward Pauline. Not once did she look back upon the ruin that brooded like a huge monster--a black spot in the darkness that enveloped it.%

Thesaurus aside: (adv) apart, away, beside, alongside, in reserve, off, abreast; (adj, adv) by; (n) digression, divagation, parenthesis. ANTONYMS: (adv) erectly, uprightly, vertically. beating: (n) reverse, defeat, whipping, thrashing, battery, flogging, pounding, pulsation, pulse, rout; (adj) pulsing. ANTONYMS: (n) victory, win. clinging: (adj) adhering, sticky,

adherent, devoted, adhering closely, cursory, precipitate, prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried, affectionate, dependent, tenacious, osculant; (n) coherence. leisurely, considered, patient, darkness: (n) dark, shade, shadow, meticulous, thorough. spot: (n, v) place, speck, blemish, blindness, gloom, blackness, speckle, fleck, dirty, dapple; (adj, n, v) duskiness, murk, cloud, blackout, dimness. ANTONYMS: (n) stain, soil; (n) dot, space. swept: (adj) clean. brightness, lightness, glow, walking: (n) gait, ambulation, wading, comprehension, knowledge, day, clearness. shuffling, shambling, marching, hurried: (adj) fast, sudden, speedy, noctambulism, traveling; (adv) afoot; rapid, quick, swift, headlong, abrupt, (adj) moving, active.

Kate Chopin

221

IV

Little more than a year later the transformation which the old Valmet place had undergone was the talk and wonder of Cote Joyeuse. One would have looked in vain for the ruin; it was no longer there; neither was the log cabin. But out in the open, where the sun shone upon it, and the breezes blew about it, was a shapely structure fashioned from woods that the forests of the State had furnished. It rested upon a solid foundation of brick. Upon a corner of the pleasant gallery sat Leandre smoking his afternoon cigar, and chatting with neighbors who had called. This was to be his pied a terre now; the home where his sisters and his daughter dwelt. The laughter of young people was heard out under the trees, and within the house where La Petite was playing upon the piano. With the enthusiasm of a young artist she drew from the keys strains that seemed marvelously beautiful to Mam'selle Pauline, who stood enraptured near her. Mam'selle Pauline had been touched by the re-creation of Valmet. Her cheek was as full and almost as flushed as La Petite's. The years were falling away from her. % Ma'ame Pelagie had been conversing with her brother and his friends. Then she turned and walked away; stopping to listen awhile to the music which La Petite was making. But it was only for a moment. She went on around the curve of the veranda, where she found herself alone. She stayed there, erect, holding to

Thesaurus awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant; amazingly, strangely; (adv) superbly, (adv) briefly. magnificently, wondrously, enraptured: (adj) rapt, rapturous, terrifically, fantastically, captive, bewitched, rhapsodic, marvellously, excellently, ecstasy, confined, absorbed, jubilant, miraculously. ANTONYMS: (adv) joyous, enamored. abysmally, terribly, unremarkably, forests: (n) country. incompetently, mildly, poorly. furnished: (adj) fitted, arranged, pied: (adj) mottled, piebald, privileged, instruct, carrying multicolored, motley, mixed, weapons, equipt, enlightened; (v) multicoloured, colorful, varicoloured, provide, furnish, begone, beset. multicolour, varicolored, marvelously: (adj, adv) astonishingly, particoloured. ANTONYMS: (adj)

limited, plain. re-creation: (n) recreation, picture. sisters: (n) sistren. vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited, fruitless, idle, empty, abortive, ineffectual, unproductive, narcissistic; (adj, v) useless. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful, possible, persuasive, selfless, fruitful, humble, useful, responsible, worthwhile, effective.

222

Ma'ame Pelagie

the banister rail and looking out calmly in the distance across the fields. She was dressed in black, with the white kerchief she always wore folded across her bosom. Her thick, glossy hair rose like a silver diadem from her brow. In her deep, dark eyes smouldered the light of fires that would never flame. She had grown very old. Years instead of months seemed to have passed over her since the night she bade farewell to her visions. Poor Ma'ame Pelagie! How could it be different! While the outward pressure of a young and joyous existence had forced her footsteps into the light, her soul had stayed in the shadow of the ruin. %

Thesaurus banister: (n) baluster, bar, handrail, parapet, bannister, rail, railing, balusters, breastwork, stanchion, guardrail. calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly, serenely, placidly, sedately, smoothly, peacefully, easily, undisturbedly, steadily. ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously, hysterically, nervously, agitatedly, uncontrollably, histrionically, restlessly, frantically, irritably,

emotionally, tensely. diadem: (n) crown, coronet, tiara, circlet, sovereignty, headdress, crest, power, capitulum, cap of maintenance, crown jewels. farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, salutation, welcome. glossy: (adj, v) sleek; (adj) smooth, bright, glazed, brilliant, flat,

glistening, burnished, resplendent, lustrous, glassy. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, rough, coarse, shoddy. joyous: (adj) happy, gleeful, elated, jolly, glad, gay, jovial, merry, festive, cheerful, jocund. ANTONYMS: (adj) despairing, joyless, miserable. outward: (adj) external, apparent, extrinsic, outer, superficial, surface, outside, ostensible, foreign, outdoor; (adv) out. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) inward; (adj) inner, internal, deep.

Kate Chopin

223

DESIREE'S BABY

As the day was pleasant, Madame Valmonde drove over to L'Abri to see Desiree and the baby.% It made her laugh to think of Desiree with a baby. Why, it seemed but yesterday that Desiree was little more than a baby herself; when Monsieur in riding through the gateway of Valmonde had found her lying asleep in the shadow of the big stone pillar. The little one awoke in his arms and began to cry for "Dada." That was as much as she could do or say. Some people thought she might have strayed there of her own accord, for she was of the toddling age. The prevailing belief was that she had been purposely left by a party of Texans, whose canvas-covered wagon, late in the day, had crossed the ferry that Coton Mais kept, just below the plantation. In time Madame Valmonde abandoned every speculation but the one that Desiree had been sent to her by a beneficent Providence to be the child of her affection, seeing that she was without child of the flesh. For the girl grew to be beautiful and gentle, affectionate and sincere,--the idol of Valmonde. It was no wonder, when she stood one day against the stone pillar in whose shadow she had lain asleep, eighteen years before, that Armand Aubigny riding by and seeing her there, had fallen in love with her. That was the way all the Aubignys fell in love, as if struck by a pistol shot. The wonder was that he had

Thesaurus accord: (n) agreement, consensus, graven image, image, hero, favorite, Thraso. harmony; (n, v) consent, concord, prevailing: (adj) prevalent, rife, star, simulacrum, beloved. assent; (adj, v) agree; (v) give, bestow, lain: (adj) artless, unsophisticated, dominant, common, current, suit, grant. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, unaffected, naive, untutored, simple, overriding, popular, general, strife, antagonism, hostility, friction, pure, natural, native, inartificial. influential, epidemic, powerful. dissidence, dissension; (n, v) conflict; pillar: (n) brace, mainstay, post, ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, rare, (v) withhold, question, oppose. obelisk, foundation, pier, monument, unusual. gateway: (n) entrance, gate, entry, stanchion, backbone, buttress; (adj, n) wagon: (n) truck, wain, paddy wagon, doorway, portal, passage, tower. waggon, lorry, station wagon, dray, pistol: (n) firearm, gun, gat, revolver, passageway, inlet, admission, car, chariot, Jagger wagon, beach entryway, gangway. rod, Captain Bobadil, derringer, wagon. idol: (n) fetish, deity, effigy, divinity, spray gun, shooter, drawcansir,

224

Desiree's Baby

not loved her before; for he had known her since his father brought him home from Paris, a boy of eight, after his mother died there. The passion that awoke in him that day, when he saw her at the gate, swept along like an avalanche, or like a prairie fire, or like anything that drives headlong over all obstacles.% Monsieur Valmonde grew practical and wanted things well considered: that is, the girl's obscure origin. Armand looked into her eyes and did not care. He was reminded that she was nameless. What did it matter about a name when he could give her one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana? He ordered the corbeille from Paris, and contained himself with what patience he could until it arrived; then they were married. Madame Valmonde had not seen Desiree and the baby for four weeks. When she reached L'Abri she shuddered at the first sight of it, as she always did. It was a sad looking place, which for many years had not known the gentle presence of a mistress, old Monsieur Aubigny having married and buried his wife in France, and she having loved her own land too well ever to leave it. The roof came down steep and black like a cowl, reaching out beyond the wide galleries that encircled the yellow stuccoed house. Big, solemn oaks grew close to it, and their thick-leaved, far-reaching branches shadowed it like a pall. Young Aubigny's rule was a strict one, too, and under it his negroes had forgotten how to be gay, as they had been during the old master's easy-going and indulgent lifetime. The young mother was recovering slowly, and lay full length, in her soft white muslins and laces, upon a couch. The baby was beside her, upon her arm, where he had fallen asleep, at her breast. The yellow nurse woman sat beside a window fanning herself. Madame Valmonde bent her portly figure over Desiree and kissed her, holding her an instant tenderly in her arms. Then she turned to the child. "This is not the baby!" she exclaimed, in startled tones. French was the language spoken at Valmonde in those days. "I knew you would be astonished," laughed Desiree, "at the way he has grown. The little cochon de lait! Look at his legs, mamma, and his hands and

Thesaurus branches: (n) branch, brushwood. clement, lenient, soft, kind, gracious, unidentified, unsung, corbeille: (n) jardiniere, cradle, basket, tolerant, merciful, compassionate; undistinguished, unspecified, (adj, v) permissive. ANTONYMS: pannier, maund, bassinet, pottle, inexpressible, strange, indescribable, (adj) intolerant, unsympathetic, whisket, wisket, crate, hopper. obscure, unspeakable. ANTONYM: cowl: (n) bonnet, cowling, kerchief, (adj) famous. severe, restrained, harsh, oldest: (n) elder, doyen; (adj) older. protection, helmet, cow, condition, hardhearted, abstemious, prairie: (n) meadow, lea, grassland, chock, soe, tonsure. disapproving. encircled: (adj) enclosed, bounded, mamma: (n) breast, mother, ma, field, savanna, steppe, heath, bush, circinate, circular, decorated, knocker, boob, mum, mammy, mom, jungle, desert, pampas. shadowed: (adj) shady, shaded, delimited, ringed, wreathed, momma, mommy, mummy. master's: (n) postgraduate degree. bordered, annulated, annular. shadowy, queer, dim, louche, funny, indulgent: (adj) forgiving, gentle, nameless: (adj) unknown, unnamed, incensed, indignant, faint, fishy.

Kate Chopin

225

fingernails,--real finger-nails. Zandrine had to cut them this morning. Isn't it true, Zandrine?" The woman bowed her turbaned head majestically, "Mais si, Madame." "And the way he cries," went on Desiree, "is deafening. Armand heard him the other day as far away as La Blanche's cabin." Madame Valmonde had never removed her eyes from the child. She lifted it and walked with it over to the window that was lightest. She scanned the baby narrowly, then looked as searchingly at Zandrine, whose face was turned to gaze across the fields.% "Yes, the child has grown, has changed," said Madame Valmonde, slowly, as she replaced it beside its mother. "What does Armand say?" Desiree's face became suffused with a glow that was happiness itself. "Oh, Armand is the proudest father in the parish, I believe, chiefly because it is a boy, to bear his name; though he says not,--that he would have loved a girl as well. But I know it isn't true. I know he says that to please me. And mamma," she added, drawing Madame Valmonde's head down to her, and speaking in a whisper, "he hasn't punished one of them--not one of them--since baby is born. Even Negrillon, who pretended to have burnt his leg that he might rest from work--he only laughed, and said Negrillon was a great scamp. oh, mamma, I'm so happy; it frightens me." What Desiree said was true. Marriage, and later the birth of his son had softened Armand Aubigny's imperious and exacting nature greatly. This was what made the gentle Desiree so happy, for she loved him desperately. When he frowned she trembled, but loved him. When he smiled, she asked no greater blessing of God. But Armand's dark, handsome face had not often been disfigured by frowns since the day he fell in love with her. When the baby was about three months old, Desiree awoke one day to the conviction that there was something in the air menacing her peace. It was at first too subtle to grasp. It had only been a disquieting suggestion; an air of mystery among the blacks; unexpected visits from far-off neighbors who could hardly

Thesaurus deafening: (adj) earsplitting, far-off: (adj) distant, far, faraway, thunderous, shrill, piercing, noisy, outlying, extreme, inaccessible, last, massive, roaring, enormous, gigantic, long, obscure, unknown, wide. tremendous; (v) thundering. majestically: (adv) magnificently, ANTONYM: (adj) tranquil. regally, imperially, splendidly, nobly, disquieting: (adj) alarming, worrying, sublimely, solemnly, grandly, loftily, distressing, troublesome, disturbing, impressively, gloriously. menacing: (adj) threatening, sinister, shocking, uncomfortable, discompose, restless, unsettling, ominous, imminent, impending, uneasy. ANTONYMS: (adj) minatory, ugly, frightening, reassuring, soothing, settling, minacious, dangerous, formidable. ANTONYMS: (adj) auspicious, pacifying, calming, comforting.

approachable, promising, reassuring, soothing, favorable. scamp: (n) rascal, imp, miscreant, scalawag, rogue, monkey, villain, brat, scallywag, rapscallion; (v) skimp. searchingly: (adv) closely, piercingly, cuttingly, inquisitively, penetratingly, trenchantly, acutely, exhaustively, curiously, inquiringly, exploratorily.

226

Desiree's Baby

account for their coming. Then a strange, an awful change in her husband's manner, which she dared not ask him to explain. When he spoke to her, it was with averted eyes, from which the old love-light seemed to have gone out. He absented himself from home; and when there, avoided her presence and that of her child, without excuse. And the very spirit of Satan seemed suddenly to take hold of him in his dealings with the slaves. Desiree was miserable enough to die.% She sat in her room, one hot afternoon, in her peignoir, listlessly drawing through her fingers the strands of her long, silky brown hair that hung about her shoulders. The baby, half naked, lay asleep upon her own great mahogany bed, that was like a sumptuous throne, with its satin-lined half-canopy. One of La Blanche's little quadroon boys--half naked too--stood fanning the child slowly with a fan of peacock feathers. Desiree's eyes had been fixed absently and sadly upon the baby, while she was striving to penetrate the threatening mist that she felt closing about her. She looked from her child to the boy who stood beside him, and back again; over and over. "Ah!" It was a cry that she could not help; which she was not conscious of having uttered. The blood turned like ice in her veins, and a clammy moisture gathered upon her face. She tried to speak to the little quadroon boy; but no sound would come, at first. When he heard his name uttered, he looked up, and his mistress was pointing to the door. He laid aside the great, soft fan, and obediently stole away, over the polished floor, on his bare tiptoes. She stayed motionless, with gaze riveted upon her child, and her face the picture of fright. Presently her husband entered the room, and without noticing her, went to a table and began to search among some papers which covered it. "Armand," she called to him, in a voice which must have stabbed him, if he was human. But he did not notice. "Armand," she said again. Then she rose and tottered towards him. "Armand," she panted once more, clutching his arm, "look at our child. What does it mean? tell me."

Thesaurus clammy: (adj) viscous, sweaty, sticky, affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, ANTONYMS: (adv) defiantly, muggy, moist, humid, damp, viscid, horror, consternation, apprehension. assertively, wildly. sultry, dank; (n) ropy. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, peacock: (v) strut, swagger, pose; (n) (adj) arid, dried, fresh. courage, confidence, security. iris, tortoise shell, peafowl, bird of dealings: (n) business, dealing, moisture: (n) damp, dampness, wet, Juno, tulip, spectrum, peacock relations, traffic, proceedings, humid, moist, moistness, vapor, butterfly, chameleon. riveted: (adj) immovable, immobile, transaction, affairs, contact, moisture content, moisten, dank, intercourse, trade, communication. dampen. irremovable, rooted, wrapped up, feathers: (n) plumage, fur, indument, obediently: (adv) dutifully, yieldingly, intent; (v) wrapped in, engrossed in, garment, garb, fine hair, clothing, compliantly, meekly, acquiescently, rapt, absorbed, transfixed. ANTONYM: (adj) detached. dress, apparel, attire, array. respectfully, tamely, subserviently, fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, slaves: (n) helotry, bondsmen. passively, loyally, devotedly.

Kate Chopin

227

He coldly but gently loosened her fingers from about his arm and thrust the hand away from him. "Tell me what it means!" she cried despairingly.% "It means," he answered lightly, "that the child is not white; it means that you are not white." A quick conception of all that this accusation meant for her nerved her with unwonted courage to deny it. "It is a lie; it is not true, I am white! Look at my hair, it is brown; and my eyes are gray, Armand, you know they are gray. And my skin is fair," seizing his wrist. "Look at my hand; whiter than yours, Armand," she laughed hysterically. "As white as La Blanche's," he returned cruelly; and went away leaving her alone with their child. When she could hold a pen in her hand, she sent a despairing letter to Madame Valmonde. "My mother, they tell me I am not white. Armand has told me I am not white. For God's sake tell them it is not true. You must know it is not true. I shall die. I must die. I cannot be so unhappy, and live." The answer that came was brief: "My own Desiree: Come home to Valmonde; back to your mother who loves you. Come with your child." When the letter reached Desiree she went with it to her husband's study, and laid it open upon the desk before which he sat. She was like a stone image: silent, white, motionless after she placed it there. In silence he ran his cold eyes over the written words. He said nothing. agonized suspense.

"Shall I go, Armand?" she asked in tones sharp with

"Yes, go." "Do you want me to go?" "Yes, I want you to go." He thought Almighty God had dealt cruelly and unjustly with him; and felt,

Thesaurus agonized: (adj) distressed, painful, galling, controlling. suspense: (n) doubt, expectancy, woeful, tormented, suffering, miserable, hurt. anticipation, indecision, insecurity, hysterically: (adv) feverishly, unrest, expectation, irresolution, suspension, tension; (adj, n) frantically, agitatedly, worriedly, hesitation. ANTONYM: (n) wildly, violently, turbulently, excitedly, emotionally, passionately, knowledge. stormily. ANTONYM: (adv) thrust: (n, v) poke, stab, jab, drive, peacefully. shove, force, punch, boost, cast, dig; seizing: (v) seize; (n) seizure, clutches, (v) ram. ANTONYM: (n) inertia. unjustly: (adv) wrongly, wrongfully, prehension, taking, apprehension, capture, infection; (adj) catching, wickedly, iniquitously, inequitably,

undeservedly, illegally, foully, injuriously, unrighteously, unjustifiedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) rightly, reasonably. unwonted: (adj) unaccustomed, rare, unusual, unused, infrequent, uncustomary, singular, extraordinary, scarce, unaccountable, remarkable. wrist: (n) wrist joint, radiocarpal joint, neaf, gliding joint, fist, articulatio Plana, neif; (v) paw, hand, finger.

228

Desiree's Baby

somehow, that he was paying Him back in kind when he stabbed thus into his wife's soul. Moreover he no longer loved her, because of the unconscious injury she had brought upon his home and his name.% She turned away like one stunned by a blow, and walked slowly towards the door, hoping he would call her back. "Good-by, Armand," she moaned. He did not answer her. That was his last blow at fate. Desiree went in search of her child. Zandrine was pacing the sombre gallery with it. She took the little one from the nurse's arms with no word of explanation, and descending the steps, walked away, under the live-oak branches. It was an October afternoon; the sun was just sinking. Out in the still fields the negroes were picking cotton. Desiree had not changed the thin white garment nor the slippers which she wore. Her hair was uncovered and the sun's rays brought a golden gleam from its brown meshes. She did not take the broad, beaten road which led to the faroff plantation of Valmonde. She walked across a deserted field, where the stubble bruised her tender feet, so delicately shod, and tore her thin gown to shreds. She disappeared among the reeds and willows that grew thick along the banks of the deep, sluggish bayou; and she did not come back again. Some weeks later there was a curious scene enacted at L'Abri. In the centre of the smoothly swept back yard was a great bonfire. Armand Aubigny sat in the wide hallway that commanded a view of the spectacle; and it was he who dealt out to a half dozen negroes the material which kept this fire ablaze. A graceful cradle of willow, with all its dainty furbishings, was laid upon the pyre, which had already been fed with the richness of a priceless layette. Then there were silk gowns, and velvet and satin ones added to these; laces, too, and embroideries; bonnets and gloves; for the corbeille had been of rare quality.

Thesaurus commanded: (adj) lawful. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fast, beyond price, valuable, picked, best, layette: (n) outfit, kit, swaddling cloth. choice, elect. ANTONYMS: (adj) brisk, lively, alert, speedy, meshes: (n) cobweb, mouse trap, toils, worthless, cheap. industrious. maze; (adj) awkwardness, knot, pyre: (n) pile, heap, funeral, funeral stubble: (n) stalk, shuck, chaff, husk, Gordian knot, delicacy, ticklish card pyre, stake, wake, mound, hair, fire, bran, straw, shackle, leavings, pale to play. funeral pile. yellow, result, stalking. pacing: (n) accelerando, andante, shod: (adj) shoed, calced, booted; (v) tore: (v) tare; (n) moulding, molding. willow: (n) willow tree, black willow, allegro, allegretto, pace, walk, tempo, clad, costume. ANTONYM: (adj) musical time, maneuvering alongside discalced. arctic willow, arroyo willow, balsam sluggish: (adj) inert, indolent, inactive, willow, bay willow, bearberry another vessel, cardiac pacing. priceless: (adj) invaluable, rare, idle, slow, torpid, slack, languid; (adj, willow, white willow, silver willow; n) lazy, drowsy, heavy. (adj) mourning, weeds. inestimable, incalculable, costly,

Kate Chopin

229

The last thing to go was a tiny bundle of letters; innocent little scribblings that Desiree had sent to him during the days of their espousal. There was the remnant of one back in the drawer from which he took them. But it was not Desiree's; it was part of an old letter from his mother to his father. He read it. She was thanking God for the blessing of her husband's love:-"But above all," she wrote, "night and day, I thank the good God for having so arranged our lives that our dear Armand will never know that his mother, who adores him, belongs to the race that is cursed with the brand of slavery."%

Thesaurus blessing: (n) benediction, approval, bundle: (n, v) pack, cluster, clump, mercy, felicity, benison, benefit, luck, wad; (n) sheaf, pile, batch, stack, advantage, boon, bless, godsend. package, group, heap. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) curse, misfortune, (v) scatter, separate, disperse, divide. cursed: (adj) damned, doomed, disaster, condemnation, adversity, desecration, refusal, veto, execrable, cussed, wretched, unlucky, disadvantage. accursed, blamed, blasted, brand: (n, v) mark, class; (adj, n, v) confounded; (v) accurst. stigma; (adj, n) blot, stain; (n) type, ANTONYMS: (adj) commendable, blade, brand name, badge, kind, sort. honorable, nice, sweet, kine. ANTONYMS: (v) praise; (n) honor, espousal: (n) adoption, engagement, glory. bridal, acceptance, advocacy,

backing, aid, marriage, wedding, assistance, rite. ANTONYM: (n) opposition. lives: (n) life, living, estate, existence, earnest living. remnant: (n) end, relic, remains, residue, fragment, leftover, survival, trace, oddment, balance, stub. thanking: (n) curtain call, appreciation, acknowledgement, blessing.

Kate Chopin

231

A RESPECTABLE WOMAN

Mrs. Baroda was a little provoked to learn that her husband expected his friend, Gouvernail, up to spend a week or two on the plantation.% They had entertained a good deal during the winter; much of the time had also been passed in New Orleans in various forms of mild dissipation. She was looking forward to a period of unbroken rest, now, and undisturbed tete-a-tete with her husband, when he informed her that Gouvernail was coming up to stay a week or two. This was a man she had heard much of but never seen. He had been her husband's college friend; was now a journalist, and in no sense a society man or "a man about town," which were, perhaps, some of the reasons she had never met him. But she had unconsciously formed an image of him in her mind. She pictured him tall, slim, cynical; with eye-glasses, and his hands in his pockets; and she did not like him. Gouvernail was slim enough, but he wasn't very tall nor very cynical; neither did he wear eyeglasses nor carry his hands in his pockets. And she rather liked him when he first presented himself. But why she liked him she could not explain satisfactorily to herself when she partly attempted to do so. She could discover in him none of those brilliant and promising traits which Gaston, her husband, had often assured her that he possessed. On the contrary, he sat rather mute and receptive before her chatty

Thesaurus eyeglasses: (n) spectacles, glasses, goggles, lorgnette, dark glasses. journalist: (n) reporter, correspondent, author, columnist, pressman, scribe, newscaster, diarist, diary keeper, chronicler, newsman. mute: (adj) dumb, silent, inarticulate, dummy, tongueless; (v) muffle, dampen, deaden, hush; (adj, v) quiet, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) talkative, speaking, spoken; (v) amplify. receptive: (adj) responsive,

susceptible, impressionable, complete, continual, constant, intact, hospitable, sensitive, approachable, incessant, endless, whole, undivided, solid. ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, sympathetic, recipient, vulnerable, perceptive. ANTONYMS: intermittent, temporary, plowed, (adj) resistant, unreceptive, discontinuous, disturbed, sporadic, unresponsive, hostile, indifferent, partial. undisturbed: (adj) peaceful, quiet, slow, standoffish. tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat. tranquil, serene, placid, still, easy, traits: (v) lineaments, area, expanse, smooth, uninterrupted, untroubled, exposition, extent, length, tract, trace; composed. ANTONYMS: (adj) tense, (n) character, nature, personality. anxious, agitated, bothered, unbroken: (adj) continuous, entire, disordered, disturbed, noisy, scared.

232

A Respectable Woman

eagerness to make him feel at home and in face of Gaston's frank and wordy hospitality. His manner was as courteous toward her as the most exacting woman could require; but he made no direct appeal to her approval or even esteem.% Once settled at the plantation he seemed to like to sit upon the wide portico in the shade of one of the big Corinthian pillars, smoking his cigar lazily and listening attentively to Gaston's experience as a sugar planter. "This is what I call living," he would utter with deep satisfaction, as the air that swept across the sugar field caressed him with its warm and scented velvety touch. It pleased him also to get on familiar terms with the big dogs that came about him, rubbing themselves sociably against his legs. He did not care to fish, and displayed no eagerness to go out and kill grosbecs when Gaston proposed doing so. Gouvernail's personality puzzled Mrs. Baroda, but she liked him. Indeed, he was a lovable, inoffensive fellow. After a few days, when she could understand him no better than at first, she gave over being puzzled and remained piqued. In this mood she left her husband and her guest, for the most part, alone together. Then finding that Gouvernail took no manner of exception to her action, she imposed her society upon him, accompanying him in his idle strolls to the mill and walks along the batture. She persistently sought to penetrate the reserve in which he had unconsciously enveloped himself. "When is he going--your friend?" she one day asked her husband. "For my part, he tires me frightfully." "Not for a week yet, dear. I can't understand; he gives you no trouble." "No. I should like him better if he did; if he were more like others, and I had to plan somewhat for his comfort and enjoyment." Gaston took his wife's pretty face between his hands and looked tenderly and laughingly into her troubled eyes. They were making a bit of toilet sociably together in Mrs. Baroda's dressingroom.

Thesaurus attentively: (adv) carefully, mindfully, watchfully, observantly, heedfully, vigilantly, cautiously, considerately, diligently, alertly, obligingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unhelpfully, neglectfully, abruptly, carelessly, hastily, casually. laughingly: (adv) merrily, gaily, lightheartedly, playfully, dizzily, giddily, perkily, flippantly, smilingly, riantly. piqued: (adj) irritated, irate, hurt,

convivially. ANTONYMS: (adv) irked, intoxicated, indignant, up in arms, in a huff, offended, huffy, shyly, unsociably, inhospitably. excited. ANTONYM: (adj) tires: (v) pressure release valve, safety unconcerned. valve. planter: (n) husbandman, grower, toilet: (n) lavatory, attire, dress, John, settler, flowerpot, plantation owner, lav, privy, can, stool, loo, costume, sodbuster, colonist, cultivator, raiser, convenience. plantation, pot. ANTONYM: (n) wordy: (adj) prolix, windy, lengthy, native. verbose, redundant, loquacious, sociably: (adv) socially, pleasantly, talkative, garrulous, rambling, warmly, kindly, entertainingly, tedious, exuberant. ANTONYMS: enjoyably, cordially, companionably, (adj) taciturn, quiet.

Kate Chopin

233

"You are full of surprises, ma belle," he said to her. "Even I can never count upon how you are going to act under given conditions." He kissed her and turned to fasten his cravat before the mirror.% "Here you are," he went on, "taking poor Gouvernail seriously and making a commotion over him, the last thing he would desire or expect." "Commotion!" she hotly resented. "Nonsense! How can you say such a thing? Commotion, indeed! But, you know, you said he was clever." "So he is. But the poor fellow is run down by overwork now. That's why I asked him here to take a rest." "You used to say he was a man of ideas," she retorted, unconciliated. "I expected him to be interesting, at least. I'm going to the city in the morning to have my spring gowns fitted. Let me know when Mr. Gouvernail is gone; I shall be at my Aunt Octavie's." That night she went and sat alone upon a bench that stood beneath a live oak tree at the edge of the gravel walk. She had never known her thoughts or her intentions to be so confused. She could gather nothing from them but the feeling of a distinct necessity to quit her home in the morning. Mrs. Baroda heard footsteps crunching the gravel; but could discern in the darkness only the approaching red point of a lighted cigar. She knew it was Gouvernail, for her husband did not smoke. She hoped to remain unnoticed, but her white gown revealed her to him. He threw away his cigar and seated himself upon the bench beside her; without a suspicion that she might object to his presence. "Your husband told me to bring this to you, Mrs. Baroda," he said, handing her a filmy, white scarf with which she sometimes enveloped her head and shoulders. She accepted the scarf from him with a murmur of thanks, and let it lie in her lap. He made some commonplace observation upon the baneful effect of the night air at the season. Then as his gaze reached out into the darkness, he

Thesaurus baneful: (adj) harmful, deadly, discern: (v) differentiate, see, pestilent, ruinous, hurtful, baleful, comprehend, detect, distinguish, make out, perceive, find, note; (n, v) poisonous, injurious, pernicious, maleficent, malignant. ANTONYMS: descry; (adj, v) recognize. (adj) helpful, beneficial, ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, neglect, advantageous. disregard, observe, overlook. commotion: (n) tumult, ado, footsteps: (n) road, footprints, way, disturbance, turmoil, stir, din, flurry, trail, path, track, footpath. fuss, bedlam, tempest; (n, v) hotly: (adv) heatedly, passionately, agitation. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, fervidly, fervently, pepperily, order, calm, serenity, calmness, sultrily, intensely, sharply, torridly; stillness, quiet, tranquility, inactivity. (adj, adv) violently, vehemently.

ANTONYMS: (adv) impassively, mildly. lighted: (adj) illuminated, lit, light, ablaze, bright, ignited, burn, burning, ignite, kindled, lighten. murmur: (n, v) grumble, mumble, hum, whisper, mutter, whine, babble, drone; (v) complain, bubble, breathe. overwork: (v) exhaust, tax, strain, overtax, exploit, overlabor, drive, wear, abuse; (adj) overtask; (n) overworking.

234

A Respectable Woman

murmured, half to himself: "`Night of south winds--night of the large few stars! Still nodding night--'" She made no reply to this apostrophe to the night, which, indeed, was not addressed to her.% Gouvernail was in no sense a diffident man, for he was not a self-conscious one. His periods of reserve were not constitutional, but the result of moods. Sitting there beside Mrs. Baroda, his silence melted for the time. He talked freely and intimately in a low, hesitating drawl that was not unpleasant to hear. He talked of the old college days when he and Gaston had been a good deal to each other; of the days of keen and blind ambitions and large intentions. Now there was left with him, at least, a philosophic acquiescence to the existing order--only a desire to be permitted to exist, with now and then a little whiff of genuine life, such as he was breathing now. Her mind only vaguely grasped what he was saying. Her physical being was for the moment predominant. She was not thinking of his words, only drinking in the tones of his voice. She wanted to reach out her hand in the darkness and touch him with the sensitive tips of her fingers upon the face or the lips. She wanted to draw close to him and whisper against his cheek--she did not care what--as she might have done if she had not been a respectable woman. The stronger the impulse grew to bring herself near him, the further, in fact, did she draw away from him. As soon as she could do so without an appearance of too great rudeness, she rose and left him there alone. Before she reached the house, Gouvernail had lighted a fresh cigar and ended his apostrophe to the night. Mrs. Baroda was greatly tempted that night to tell her husband--who was also her friend--of this folly that had seized her. But she did not yield to the temptation. Beside being a respectable woman she was a very sensible one; and

Thesaurus apostrophe: (n) address, interpellation, invocation, punctuation, salutation, monologue, stream of consciousness, soliloquy, motion, appeal, digression. diffident: (adj) coy, modest, reserved, shy, timid, tentative, unassuming, retiring, hesitant, backward, selfconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj) outgoing, confident, brash, assertive, unrepentant, brave, arrogant, approachable.

hesitating: (adj) indecisive, irresolute, undecided, doubtful, hesitate, reluctant, faltering, unwilling, hesitancy, backward, hesitatingly. periods: (n) period. philosophic: (v) platonic, staid, stayed, stoical; (adj) thoughtful, rational, patient, learned, ideologic, ideological. ANTONYM: (adj) nonphilosophical. rudeness: (n) disrespect, audacity, insolence, impudence, discourtesy,

incivility, effrontery, bad manners, impoliteness, impropriety, primitiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) civility, refinement, propriety, courteousness, courtesy, decency, respect, diplomacy, praise, thoughtfulness, gentleness. tips: (n) information, guidelines, commands, orders. whiff: (n, v) blow, smell, drag; (n) scent, breath, aroma, odor, trace, taste, touch; (v) sniff.

Kate Chopin

235

she knew there are some battles in life which a human being must fight alone.% When Gaston arose in the morning, his wife had already departed. She had taken an early morning train to the city. She did not return till Gouvernail was gone from under her roof. There was some talk of having him back during the summer that followed. That is, Gaston greatly desired it; but this desire yielded to his wife's strenuous opposition. However, before the year ended, she proposed, wholly from herself, to have Gouvernail visit them again. Her husband was surprised and delighted with the suggestion coming from her. "I am glad, chere amie, to know that you have finally overcome your dislike for him; truly he did not deserve it." "Oh," she told him, laughingly, after pressing a long, tender kiss upon his lips, "I have overcome everything! you will see. This time I shall be very nice to him."

Thesaurus departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late, antipathy, disdain, disfavor, hard, grueling, active, keen, tough, revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination, former, bypast, defunct, past, left; eager, dynamic, forward, difficult. (adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent. aversion, distaste; (v) detest. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive. ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness, undemanding, refreshing, effortless, deserve: (v) rate, warrant, gain, earn, taste, attraction, enjoyment, feeble, light. to deserve, demand, justify, bear; (n, preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy, tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v) v) reward; (n) richly deserve, worth. affectionate; (adj) painful, sensitive, approve, adore. desired: (adj) coveted, desirable, ended: (adj) concluded, finished, over, soft, loving, sore; (v) propose, present. ANTONYMS: (adj) favorite, wanted, welcome, needed, done, completed, closed, through, beloved, required, most wanted; (adj, terminated, consummate, all over; hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough, v) chosen; (v) consenting. (adj, v) past. uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling, dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection, strenuous: (adj) arduous, energetic, cold, experienced; (v) withdraw.

Kate Chopin

237

THE KISS

It was still quite light out of doors, but inside with the curtains drawn and the smouldering fire sending out a dim, uncertain glow, the room was full of deep shadows.% Brantain sat in one of these shadows; it had overtaken him and he did not mind. The obscurity lent him courage to keep his eves fastened as ardently as he liked upon the girl who sat in the firelight. She was very handsome, with a certain fine, rich coloring that belongs to the healthy brune type. She was quite composed, as she idly stroked the satiny coat of the cat that lay curled in her lap, and she occasionally sent a slow glance into the shadow where her companion sat. They were talking low, of indifferent things which plainly were not the things that occupied their thoughts. She knew that he loved her--a frank, blustering fellow without guile enough to conceal his feelings, and no desire to do so. For two weeks past he had sought her society eagerly and persistently. She was confidently waiting for him to declare himself and she meant to accept him. The rather insignificant and unattractive Brantain was enormously rich; and she liked and required the entourage which wealth could give her. During one of the pauses between their talk of the last tea and the next reception the door opened and a young man entered whom Brantain knew quite

Thesaurus ardently: (adv) fervently, warmly, attendant, setting, environs, eagerly, intensely, fierily, avidly, environment, suite, precincts, enthusiastically, burningly, following, train. zealously, fervidly; (adj, adv) hotly. firelight: (adj) light, rushlight, ANTONYMS: (adv) indifferently, starlight. guile: (n) fraud, cunning, craft, apathetically, unenthusiastically, halfheartedly, calmly. duplicity, deception, trickery, blustering: (adj, v) stormy; (adj) deceitfulness, wiliness, craftiness, artifice, slyness. ANTONYMS: (n) raging, blusterous, blustery, turbulent, loud, vaporing, vociferous, honesty, straightforwardness, noisy, hectoring; (adv) blusteringly. candor, frankness. entourage: (n) cortege, milieu, court, lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide.

persistently: (adv) stubbornly, constantly, continually, firmly, tenaciously, unremittingly, continuously, incessantly, insistently, doggedly, pertinaciously. ANTONYMS: (adv) sporadically, acutely, aimlessly, inconsistently, spasmodically, halfheartedly. satiny: (adj) glossy, satin, slick, sleek, silken, delicate, gossamery, fine, filmy, slippery, soft. smouldering: (adj) live, angry.

238

The Kiss

well. The girl turned her face toward him. A stride or two brought him to her side, and bending over her chair--before she could suspect his intention, for she did not realize that he had not seen her visitor--he pressed an ardent, lingering kiss upon her lips.% Brantain slowly arose; so did the girl arise, but quickly, and the newcomer stood between them, a little amusement and some defiance struggling with the confusion in his face. "I believe," stammered Brantain, "I see that I have stayed too long. I--I had no idea--that is, I must wish you good-by." He was clutching his hat with both hands, and probably did not perceive that she was extending her hand to him, her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak. "Hang me if I saw him sitting there, Nattie! I know it's deuced awkward for you. But I hope you'll forgive me this once--this very first break. Why, what's the matter?" "Don't touch me; don't come near me," she returned angrily. "What do you mean by entering the house without ringing?" "I came in with your brother, as I often do," he answered coldly, in selfjustification. "We came in the side way. He went upstairs and I came in here hoping to find you. The explanation is simple enough and ought to satisfy you that the misadventure was unavoidable. But do say that you forgive me, Nathalie," he entreated, softening. "Forgive you! You don't know what you are talking about. Let me pass. It depends upon--a good deal whether I ever forgive you." At that next reception which she and Brantain had been talking about she approached the young man with a delicious frankness of manner when she saw him there. "Will you let me speak to you a moment or two, Mr. Brantain?" she asked with an engaging but perturbed smile. He seemed extremely unhappy; but when she took his arm and walked away with him, seeking a retired corner, a

Thesaurus defiance: (n) challenge, opposition, rebellion, insubordination, rebelliousness, disobedience, resistance, contempt, intractableness, mutiny, contradiction. ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance, surrender, deference, conformance, submission, acquiescence, cooperation, loyalty, meekness, support, agreement. deuced: (adj) cursed, infernal, damn, damned, darned, blessed, goddamn, goddam, demonic, unholy, satanic.

extending: (adj) expanding. misadventure: (n) calamity, disaster, mischance, ill, plague, mishap, misfortune, bad luck, catastrophe, woe, ill luck. perturbed: (adj) disturbed, agitated, hot and bothered, confused, uneasy, concerned, worried, unsettled, troubled, upset, distraught. ANTONYMS: (adj) untroubled, relaxed. softening: (adj) emollient, salving,

relaxing; (v) soften; (adj, n) soothing; (n) maceration, mitigation, easement, mollification, inteneration, encouragement. unavoidable: (adj) necessary, inescapable, ineluctable, irresistible, obligatory, certain, indispensable, essential, sure, required, avoidless. ANTONYMS: (adj) escapable, unpredictable, optional, unlikely, uncertain.

Kate Chopin

239

ray of hope mingled with the almost comical misery of his expression. She was apparently very outspoken.% "Perhaps I should not have sought this interview, Mr. Brantain; but--but, oh, I have been very uncomfortable, almost miserable since that little encounter the other afternoon. When I thought how you might have misinterpreted it, and believed things" --hope was plainly gaining the ascendancy over misery in Brantain's round, guileless face--"Of course, I know it is nothing to you, but for my own sake I do want you to understand that Mr. Harvy is an intimate friend of long standing. Why, we have always been like cousins--like brother and sister, I may say. He is my brother's most intimate associate and often fancies that he is entitled to the same privileges as the family. Oh, I know it is absurd, uncalled for, to tell you this; undignified even," she was almost weeping, "but it makes so much difference to me what you think of--of me." Her voice had grown very low and agitated. The misery had all disappeared from Brantain's face. "Then you do really care what I think, Miss Nathalie? May I call you Miss Nathalie?" They turned into a long, dim corridor that was lined on either side with tall, graceful plants. They walked slowly to the very end of it. When they turned to retrace their steps Brantain's face was radiant and hers was triumphant. Harvy was among the guests at the wedding; and he sought her out in a rare moment when she stood alone. "Your husband," he said, smiling, "has sent me over to kiss you." A quick blush suffused her face and round polished throat. "I suppose it's natural for a man to feel and act generously on an occasion of this kind. He tells me he doesn't want his marriage to interrupt wholly that pleasant intimacy which has existed between you and me. I don't know what you've been telling him," with an insolent smile, "but he has sent me here to kiss you." She felt like a chess player who, by the clever handling of his pieces, sees the game taking the course intended. Her eyes were bright and tender with a smile as they glanced up into his; and her lips looked hungry for the kiss which they

Thesaurus ascendancy: (n) ascendance, supremacy, control, influence, power, mastery, rule, dominion, domination, advantage, authority. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, subordination. blush: (n, v) glow, color; (v) redden, crimson; (n) red, bloom, rosiness, ruddiness, redness; (adj) bashful; (adv) blushingly. ANTONYMS: (v) blanch, pale, blench; (n) paleness. comical: (adj) funny, comic, laughable, absurd, humorous, ridiculous, zany,

droll, jocose, grotesque, jocular. open, straightforward. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, sad, grave, (adj) dishonest, sly, evasive. undignified: (adj) low, inappropriate, solemn, unfunny, dull, sensible. graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, humiliating, rude, indign, impolite, amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, demeaning, degrading, improper, debasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, stocky, dignified, distinguished, polite. weeping: (adj) tearful, lachrymose, awkward, vigorous, jerky, ugly, dolourous, dolorous; (n, v) lament, stilted, heavy, coarse, strenuous. guileless: (adj) candid, artless, lamentation; (v) wailing; (n) sobbing, tears, cry; (adj, n) howling. forthright, sincere, innocent, ANTONYM: (n) celebration. ingenuous, honest, pure, simple,

240

The Kiss

invited.% "But, you know," he went on quietly, "I didn't tell him so, it would have seemed ungrateful, but I can tell you. I've stopped kissing women; it's dangerous." Well, she had Brantain and his million left. A person can't have everything in this world; and it was a little unreasonable of her to expect it.

Thesaurus everything: (pron) anything, something, whatever thing, no matter which; (n) whole, everyone, all things, everybody, entirety, universe, thing. expect: (v) assume, anticipate, demand, understand, hope, think, suppose, calculate, await, abide, conceive. ANTONYMS: (v) fear, despair. kissing: (n) hugging, cuddling, fondling, arousal, foreplay, necking;

(adj) embracing, adhering closely, stops. ANTONYMS: (adj) unstopped, billing, clinging, interosculant. moving. quietly: (adv) stilly, calmly, peacefully, unreasonable: (adj) immoderate, silently, softly, smoothly, tranquilly, undue, absurd, extravagant, serenely, restfully, lully, moderately. excessive, preposterous, exorbitant, ANTONYMS: (adv) loudly, harshly, illogical, inordinate, irrational, ridiculous. ANTONYMS: (adj) raucously, vociferously, anxiously, energetically, manically, unquietly, logical, practical, sensible, affordable, clearly, heavily, brashly. economical, justified, realistic, fair, stopped: (adj) stopped up, stoped, obliging, just, rational. congested, unmoving, stop, finished, stopen, stopt, blocked, stopping,

Kate Chopin

241

A PAIR OF SILK STOCKINGS

Little Mrs. Sommers one day found herself the unexpected possessor of fifteen dollars. It seemed to her a very large amount of money, and the way in which it stuffed and bulged her worn old porte-monnaie gave her a feeling of importance such as she had not enjoyed for years.% The question of investment was one that occupied her greatly. For a day or two she walked about apparently in a dreamy state, but really absorbed in speculation and calculation. She did not wish to act hastily, to do anything she might afterward regret. But it was during the still hours of the night when she lay awake revolving plans in her mind that she seemed to see her way clearly toward a proper and judicious use of the money. A dollar or two should be added to the price usually paid for Janie's shoes, which would insure their lasting an appreciable time longer than they usually did. She would buy so and so many yards of percale for new shirt waists for the boys and Janie and Mag. She had intended to make the old ones do by skilful patching. Mag should have another gown. She had seen some beautiful patterns, veritable bargains in the shop windows. And still there would be left enough for new stockings--two pairs apiece--and what darning that would save for a while! She would get caps for the boys and sailor-hats for the girls. The vision of her little brood looking fresh and dainty and new for once in their lives

Thesaurus afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that; (adv) thereafter, afterwards, later, subsequently, later on, next, soon; (adj) following; (n) future. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, previously, before. appreciable: (adj, adv, v) perceptible, noticeable; (adj) considerable, respectable, conspicuous, palpable, discernible, apparent, manifest; (adj, adv) observable; (v) measurable. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant,

inconsiderable, negligible, unnoticed. (adj) stupid, tactless, indiscriminate, caps: (n) brevier, bourgeois, pica reckless, illogical, extreme, untimely. percale: (n) cloth, fabric. boldface. dollars: (n) bread. revolving: (adj) turning, rotating, insure: (v) assure, secure, guarantee, vertiginous, rotary, gyratory, cover, underwrite, ensure, wheeling, rotative, rotatory, rotational; (n) revolution; (v) revolve. indemnify, ascertain, control, cinch, skilful: (adj) adroit, practised, verify. judicious: (adj, v) discreet; (adj) experienced, cunning, expert, careful, discerning, sensible, prudent, dextrous, clever, adept, proficient, rational, sagacious, sound, cautious, practiced, good. reasonable, advisable. ANTONYMS:

242

A Pair of Silk Stockings

excited her and made her restless and wakeful with anticipation.% The neighbors sometimes talked of certain "better days" that little Mrs. Sommers had known before she had ever thought of being Mrs. Sommers. She herself indulged in no such morbid retrospection. She had no time--no second of time to devote to the past. The needs of the present absorbed her every faculty. A vision of the future like some dim, gaunt monster sometimes appalled her, but luckily to-morrow never comes. Mrs. Sommers was one who knew the value of bargains; who could stand for hours making her way inch by inch toward the desired object that was selling below cost. She could elbow her way if need be; she had learned to clutch a piece of goods and hold it and stick to it with persistence and determination till her turn came to be served, no matter when it came. But that day she was a little faint and tired. She had swallowed a light luncheon--no! when she came to think of it, between getting the children fed and the place righted, and preparing herself for the shopping bout, she had actually forgotten to eat any luncheon at all! She sat herself upon a revolving stool before a counter that was comparatively deserted, trying to gather strength and courage to charge through an eager multitude that was besieging breastworks of shirting and figured lawn. An all-gone limp feeling had come over her and she rested her hand aimlessly upon the counter. She wore no gloves. By degrees she grew aware that her hand had encountered something very soothing, very pleasant to touch. She looked down to see that her hand lay upon a pile of silk stockings. A placard near by announced that they had been reduced in price from two dollars and fifty cents to one dollar and ninety-eight cents; and a young girl who stood behind the counter asked her if she wished to examine their line of silk hosiery. She smiled, just as if she had been asked to inspect a tiara of diamonds with the ultimate view of purchasing it. But she went on feeling the soft, sheeny luxurious things--with both hands now, holding them up to see them glisten, and to feel them glide serpent-like through her fingers. Two hectic blotches came suddenly into her pale cheeks. She looked up at

Thesaurus besieging: (n) encirclement, Syracuse, Orleans, Atlanta, beleaguering, Corregidor, Lucknow, military blockade. figured: (adj) figurative, glyptic, conjectural, implied. glide: (adj, n, v) slide; (n, v) coast, slip; (v) float, run, fly, flow, drift, lapse, slink, skid. ANTONYMS: (v) lurch, hurtle, flounder, sink. glisten: (n, v) gleam, sparkle, flash, glance, shimmer, glitter, glister; (v)

glimmer, beam, coruscate, glint. advertisement, notice, handbill, hosiery: (n) hose, socks, sock, tights, posting, broadside, tablet; (v) hosepipe, footwear. advertise, post. indulged: (adj) pet, privileged, retrospection: (n) memory, cherished, admired. reminiscence, remembering, revision, limp: (adv, n, v) hobble; (adj, v) flabby; looking back, recurrence. (n, v) hitch; (adj) flaccid, slack, shirting: (n) shirt cloth, fabric, flexible, drooping, flimsy, weak, material, cloth. loose; (v) hop. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiara: (n) crown, coronet, circlet, miter, taut, firm, hard, rigid, upright, alive, triple crown, cap of maintenance, strong, stiff, tight. jewelled headdress, jewelry, tiar. placard: (n) sign, card, poster,

Kate Chopin

243

the girl.% "Do you think there are any eights-and-a-half among these?" There were any number of eights-and-a-half. In fact, there were more of that size than any other. Here was a light-blue pair; there were some lavender, some all black and various shades of tan and gray. Mrs. Sommers selected a black pair and looked at them very long and closely. She pretended to be examining their texture, which the clerk assured her was excellent. "A dollar and ninety-eight cents," she mused aloud. "Well, I'll take this pair." She handed the girl a five-dollar bill and waited for her change and for her parcel. What a very small parcel it was! It seemed lost in the depths of her shabby old shopping-bag. Mrs. Sommers after that did not move in the direction of the bargain counter. She took the elevator, which carried her to an upper floor into the region of the ladies' waiting-rooms. Here, in a retired corner, she exchanged her cotton stockings for the new silk ones which she had just bought. She was not going through any acute mental process or reasoning with herself, nor was she striving to explain to her satisfaction the motive of her action. She was not thinking at all. She seemed for the time to be taking a rest from that laborious and fatiguing function and to have abandoned herself to some mechanical impulse that directed her actions and freed her of responsibility. How good was the touch of the raw silk to her flesh! She felt like lying back in the cushioned chair and reveling for a while in the luxury of it. She did for a little while. Then she replaced her shoes, rolled the cotton stockings together and thrust them into her bag. After doing this she crossed straight over to the shoe department and took her seat to be fitted. She was fastidious. The clerk could not make her out; he could not reconcile her shoes with her stockings, and she was not too easily pleased. She held back her skirts and turned her feet one way and her head another way as she glanced down at the polished, pointed-tipped boots. Her foot and ankle looked very pretty. She could not realize that they belonged to her and were a part of herself.

Thesaurus elevator: (n) levator, extensor, crane, lifter, rise, winch, ski lift, silo, paternoster; (v) dumbwaiter, escalator. fastidious: (adj, n) exacting, critical, accurate; (adj) delicate, particular, careful, exigent, dainty, discriminating, nice, fussy. ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy, unfastidious, careless, uncouth, uncritical, easy, indifferent, undemanding, slapdash, relaxed,

easygoing. bogus, affected. fatiguing: (adj) arduous, tiresome, reveling: (n) revelry, revels, revel, tedious, hard, laborious, wearisome, comessation, festivity, gaiety, noisy festivity, triumph; (adj) carousing, wearing, strenuous, exhausting, trying, onerous. bacchanalian, bacchant. lavender: (adj) lilac, purple, puce, light shabby: (adj) poor, abject, mean, purple, pale purple, indigo, mangy, low, sorry, decrepit, worn, chromatic; (adj, n) violet, amethyst; sordid, ragged; (adj, v) frayed. (n) shrub, genus Lavandula. ANTONYMS: (adj) pristine, elegant, pretended: (adj, v) sham, mock, opulent, honorable, decent, new, counterfeit, pseudo, spurious; (adj) neat, comfortable, tasteful, strong, assumed, fake, feigned, fictitious, respectful.

244

A Pair of Silk Stockings

She wanted an excellent and stylish fit, she told the young fellow who served her, and she did not mind the difference of a dollar or two more in the price so long as she got what she desired.% It was a long time since Mrs. Sommers had been fitted with gloves. On rare occasions when she had bought a pair they were always "bargains," so cheap that it would have been preposterous and unreasonable to have expected them to be fitted to the hand. Now she rested her elbow on the cushion of the glove counter, and a pretty, pleasant young creature, delicate and deft of touch, drew a long-wristed "kid" over Mrs. Sommers's hand. She smoothed it down over the wrist and buttoned it neatly, and both lost themselves for a second or two in admiring contemplation of the little symmetrical gloved hand. But there were other places where money might be spent. There were books and magazines piled up in the window of a stall a few paces down the street. Mrs. Sommers bought two high-priced magazines such as she had been accustomed to read in the days when she had been accustomed to other pleasant things. She carried them without wrapping. As well as she could she lifted her skirts at the crossings. Her stockings and boots and well fitting gloves had worked marvels in her bearing--had given her a feeling of assurance, a sense of belonging to the well-dressed multitude. She was very hungry. Another time she would have stilled the cravings for food until reaching her own home, where she would have brewed herself a cup of tea and taken a snack of anything that was available. But the impulse that was guiding her would not suffer her to entertain any such thought. There was a restaurant at the corner. She had never entered its doors; from the outside she had sometimes caught glimpses of spotless damask and shining crystal, and soft-stepping waiters serving people of fashion. When she entered her appearance created no surprise, no consternation, as she had half feared it might. She seated herself at a small table alone, and an attentive waiter at once approached to take her order. She did not want a

Thesaurus admiring: (adj) admire, admiringly, peacefulness, composure, happiness, loving, respectful, glowing, tranquility, hopefulness, comfort, affectionate, amatory, appreciative, equanimity. deft: (adj) dexterous, cunning, neat, enthusiastic, flattering, approving. ANTONYMS: (adj) defamatory, handy, expert, quick, apt, adept, able, artful, nimble. ANTONYMS: (adj) critical, disdainful, disapproving, disrespectful, uncomplimentary. unskilled, bumbling, inept, awkward, brewed: (adj) alcoholic, done, meshed. inelegant, rough. consternation: (n) alarm, shock, fear, high-priced: (adj) costly, expensive, apprehension, astonishment, fright, precious, valuable, dear, high, confusion; (adj, n) terror, awe, dread, prohibitive. horror. ANTONYMS: (n) places: (n) chairs, seating, spaces.

spotless: (adj) faultless, clean, innocent, pure, guiltless, flawless, chaste, perfect, impeccable, unblemished, stainless. ANTONYMS: (adj) dirty, messy, blemished, filthy, soiled, shameful, tainted, guilty, blameworthy, impure, imperfect. well-dressed: (adj) handsome. wrapping: (n) covering, wrapper, envelope, bandage, wrap, swathe, case, packaging, plaster, film, lint.

Kate Chopin

245

profusion; she craved a nice and tasty bite--a half dozen blue-points, a plump chop with cress, a something sweet--a creme-frappee, for instance; a glass of Rhine wine, and after all a small cup of black coffee.% While waiting to be served she removed her gloves very leisurely and laid them beside her. Then she picked up a magazine and glanced through it, cutting the pages with a blunt edge of her knife. It was all very agreeable. The damask was even more spotless than it had seemed through the window, and the crystal more sparkling. There were quiet ladies and gentlemen, who did not notice her, lunching at the small tables like her own. A soft, pleasing strain of music could be heard, and a gentle breeze, was blowing through the window. She tasted a bite, and she read a word or two, and she sipped the amber wine and wiggled her toes in the silk stockings. The price of it made no difference. She counted the money out to the waiter and left an extra coin on his tray, whereupon he bowed before her as before a princess of royal blood. There was still money in her purse, and her next temptation presented itself in the shape of a matinee poster. It was a little later when she entered the theatre, the play had begun and the house seemed to her to be packed. But there were vacant seats here and there, and into one of them she was ushered, between brilliantly dressed women who had gone there to kill time and eat candy and display their gaudy attire. There were many others who were there solely for the play and acting. It is safe to say there was no one present who bore quite the attitude which Mrs. Sommers did to her surroundings. She gathered in the whole--stage and players and people in one wide impression, and absorbed it and enjoyed it. She laughed at the comedy and wept--she and the gaudy woman next to her wept over the tragedy. And they talked a little together over it. And the gaudy woman wiped her eyes and sniffled on a tiny square of filmy, perfumed lace and passed little Mrs. Sommers her box of candy. The play was over, the music ceased, the crowd filed out. It was like a dream ended. People scattered in all directions. Mrs. Sommers went to the corner and

Thesaurus attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, wear; (n) costume, garment, outfit, clothes; (v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, strip, unclothe; (n) nakedness. candy: (n) bonbon, sweet, toffee, taffy, sugarplum, sugar candy, praline, lozenge, confection, lollipop; (adj, n) cake. craved: (adj) coveted. gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, garish, flamboyant, tasteless, colorful,

tacky, brassy, tawdry, florid. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, restrained, muted, drab, modest, dull, quality. leisurely: (adj) slow, deliberate, easygoing, leisure, at ease, unhurried, measured, idle; (adv) deliberately, slowly, at leisure. ANTONYMS: (adj) rushed, hurried, formal, vigorous, speedy, fast; (adv) formally, quickly. lunching: (n) feeding. matinee: (n) assignation, histrionics,

levee, love affair, reception, adultery. perfumed: (adj) fragrant, odoriferous, odorous, scented, sweet, honeyed, mellifluous, angelic, angelical, fresh, gratifying. ANTONYM: (adj) odorless. sparkling: (adj, v) effervescent; (adj) bright, brilliant, radiant, glittery, bubbly, glittering, scintillating, shining, scintillant; (n) sparkle. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, lifeless, lethargic.

246

A Pair of Silk Stockings

waited for the cable car.% A man with keen eyes, who sat opposite to her, seemed to like the study of her small, pale face. It puzzled him to decipher what he saw there. In truth, he saw nothing-unless he were wizard enough to detect a poignant wish, a powerful longing that the cable car would never stop anywhere, but go on and on with her forever.

Thesaurus cable: (n) line, telegram, cablegram, ribbon, twine, cord, guy, cable television; (n, v) wire, report; (v) telegraph. decipher: (v) interpret, explain, solve, decode, translate, disentangle, resolve, construe, read, decrypt, discover. ANTONYMS: (v) encode, code, encipher, scramble, confuse. detect: (v) find, discover, discern, notice, observe, spot, see, ascertain, trace, identify, distinguish.

ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, ignore, acute, cutting, moving, affecting; (adj, n) piquant. ANTONYMS: (adj) overlook. forever: (adv) always, eternally, unemotional, cheerful, emotionless. evermore, everlastingly, continually, puzzled: (adj) bewildered, confused, permanently; (adj) eternal, baffled, nonplussed, doubtful, permanent; (n) eternity; (adj, adv) bemused, at a loss, curious, interminably, ad infinitum. mystified, nonplused, dazed. ANTONYMS: (adj) occasionally, ANTONYM: (adj) clear. never, sporadically; (adv) briefly, wizard: (n) necromancer, sorcerer, intermittently. conjuror, genius, enchanter, conjurer, poignant: (adj, v) acrid, biting, harsh, expert, whiz, ace, warlock; (adj, n) painful, penetrating, brisk; (adj) adept. ANTONYM: (n) rookie.

Kate Chopin

THE LOCKET

247

Kate Chopin

249

I

One night in autumn a few men were gathered about a fire on the slope of a hill. They belonged to a small detachment of Confederate forces and were awaiting orders to march. Their gray uniforms were worn beyond the point of shabbiness. One of the men was heating something in a tin cup over the embers. Two were lying at full length a little distance away, while a fourth was trying to decipher a letter and had drawn close to the light. He had unfastened his collar and a good bit of his flannel shirt front.% "What's that you got around your neck, Ned?" asked one of the men lying in the obscurity. Ned--or Edmond--mechanically fastened another button of his shirt and did not reply. He went on reading his letter. "Is it your sweet heart's picture?" "`Taint no gal's picture," offered the man at the fire. He had removed his tin cup and was engaged in stirring its grimy contents with a small stick. "That's a charm; some kind of hoodoo business that one o' them priests gave him to keep him out o' trouble. I know them Cath'lics. That's how come Frenchy got permoted an never got a scratch sence he's been in the ranks. Hey, French! aint I right?" Edmond looked up absently from his letter. "What is it?" he asked.

Thesaurus fastened: (adj) tied, fast, buttoned, closed, tight, secure, pinned, binding, empight, steady, firm. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfastened, unbuttoned. flannel: (n) washcloth, cloth, face cloth, pants, trousers, flannelette, white, tweed, gabardine; (v) blanket, fur. grimy: (adj) dirty, filthy, grubby, dingy, unclean, impure, nasty, begrimed, squalid, messy, muddy. ANTONYMS: (adj) pure, pleasant.

hoodoo: (n) voodooism, hoodooism, vodoun, voodoo, fetich, fetish, ghost dance, sundry, whatchamacallit, whatsis, priest. sence: (n) purpose, import, aim, intent, object. shabbiness: (n) seediness, raggedness, decrepitude, fragility, weakness, inelegance, ruin, decay, collapse, disrepair. ANTONYMS: (n) opulence, strength, decency, elegance. stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive,

rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling, active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressing, boring, inactive, dull, conciliatory, asleep, uninspiring, unimpressive; (n) suppression. unfastened: (adj) open, movable, loose, unbuttoned, overt, opened, opened out, slack, undecided, undetermined, assailable. ANTONYMS: (adj) buttoned, fixed, shut, tied.

250

The Locket

"Aint that a charm you got round your neck?" "It must be, Nick," returned Edmond with a smile. "I don't know how I could have gone through this year and a half without it." The letter had made Edmond heart sick and home sick. He stretched himself on his back and looked straight up at the blinking stars. But he was not thinking of them nor of anything but a certain spring day when the bees were humming in the clematis; when a girl was saying good bye to him. He could see her as she unclasped from her neck the locket which she fastened about his own. It was an old fashioned golden locket bearing miniatures of her father and mother with their names and the date of their marriage. It was her most precious earthly possession. Edmond could feel again the folds of the girl's soft white gown, and see the droop of the angel-sleeves as she circled her fair arms about his neck. Her sweet face, appealing, pathetic, tormented by the pain of parting, appeared before him as vividly as life. He turned over, burying his face in his arm and there he lay, still and motionless.% The profound and treacherous night with its silence and semblance of peace settled upon the camp. He dreamed that the fair Octavie brought him a letter. He had no chair to offer her and was pained and embarrassed at the condition of his garments. He was ashamed of the poor food which comprised the dinner at which he begged her to join them. He dreamt of a serpent coiling around his throat, and when he strove to grasp it the slimy thing glided away from his clutch. Then his dream was clamor. "Git your duds! you! Frenchy!" Nick was bellowing in his face. There was what appeared to be a scramble and a rush rather than any regulated movement. The hill side was alive with clatter and motion; with sudden up-springing lights among the pines. In the east the dawn was unfolding out of the darkness. Its glimmer was yet dim in the plain below. "What's it all about?" wondered a big black bird perched in the top of the tallest tree. He was an old solitary and a wise one, yet he was not wise enough to guess what it was all about. So all day long he kept blinking and wondering.

Thesaurus bellowing: (n) roaring, roar, bellows, hollo, holloa, rout, yowl, boation, mugiency, hollering; (adj) mugient. blinking: (adj) flickering, bally, blooming; (adj, n) winking; (n) shimmer, blink, wink, twinkling, nictation, blink of an eye, nictitation. clematis: (n) blue jasmine. coiling: (v) to coil; (adj) coiled, spiral, spiraling, whorled, sinuous, volute, voluted, turbinate; (n) twisting, convolution.

droop: (adj, v) decline; (v) dangle, wilt, pendant, case, ornament, bracelet, hang, flag, sink, slump, loll, collapse; anklet, adornment, accessory, (n, v) sag, pine. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, carcanet. tormented: (adj) worried, tortured, bloom. duds: (n) threads, clothes, togs, hagridden, troubled, beleaguered, apparel, wear, garment, thing, beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform, vesture, dress, attire, garb. distraught, distressed. ANTONYM: humming: (adj) droning, zippy, (adj) calm. reeking, bustling, grunting, stinking; unfolding: (n) development, growth, (n) buzzing, vocalizing, sound, flowering, display, recitation, dawn, process, solution, disclosure; (adj) murmur, growling. locket: (n) jewelry, medallion, ongoing, duration.

Kate Chopin

251

The noise reached far out over the plain and across the hills and awoke the little babes that were sleeping in their cradles. The smoke curled up toward the sun and shadowed the plain so that the stupid birds thought it was going to rain; but the wise one knew better.% "They are children playing a game," thought he. "I shall know more about it if I watch long enough." At the approach of night they had all vanished away with their din and smoke. Then the old bird plumed his feathers. At last he had understood! With a flap of his great, black wings he shot downward, circling toward the plain. A man was picking his way across the plain. He was dressed in the garb of a clergyman. His mission was to administer the consolations of religion to any of the prostrate figures in whom there might yet linger a spark of life. A negro accompanied him, bearing a bucket of water and a flask of wine. There were no wounded here; they had been borne away. But the retreat had been hurried and the vultures and the good Samaritans would have to look to the dead. There was a soldier--a mere boy--lying with his face to the sky. His hands were clutching the sward on either side and his finger nails were stuffed with earth and bits of grass that he had gathered in his despairing grasp upon life. His musket was gone; he was hatless and his face and clothing were begrimed. Around his neck hung a gold chain and locket. The priest, bending over him, unclasped the chain and removed it from the dead soldier's neck. He had grown used to the terrors of war and could face them unflinchingly; but its pathos, someway, always brought the tears to his old, dim eyes. The angelus was ringing half a mile away. The priest and the negro knelt and murmured together the evening benediction and a prayer for the dead.

Thesaurus angelus: (n) prayer, Angelus bell. begrimed: (adj) grubby, dirty, besmirched, unclean, raunchy, discolored, grungy, filthy, stained, dingy, soiled. ANTONYM: (adj) clean. benediction: (n, v) blessing; (n) grace, orison, thanks, communion, doxology, hosanna, invocation, supplication, beatitude; (v) bless. ANTONYMS: (n) damning, malediction, anathema.

garb: (n, v) dress, apparel, array, (adj) upright. garment; (n) attire, clothing, costume, someway: (adv) someways, in some frock, outfit, clothes; (v) clothe. manner, in some way, one way or musket: (n) fusil, blunderbuss, gun, another, for some reason. sward: (n) sod, greensward, lawn, rifle. plumed: (adj) plumate, crested, green, divot, turf, grass, meadow, emplumed, plumy, plumose, mead, sodomite, grassplat. unflinchingly: (adv) intrepidly, firmly, decorated, flying, feathery. prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, level, resolutely, undauntedly, fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm, determinedly, dauntlessly, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj) unshrinkingly, bravely, daringly, deject, knock down. ANTONYM: audaciously, steadfastly.

Kate Chopin

253

II

The peace and beauty of a spring day had descended upon the earth like a benediction. Along the leafy road which skirted a narrow, tortuous stream in central Louisiana, rumbled an old fashioned cabriolet, much the worse for hard and rough usage over country roads and lanes. The fat, black horses went in a slow, measured trot, notwithstanding constant urging on the part of the fat, black coachman. Within the vehicle were seated the fair Octavie and her old friend and neighbor, Judge Pillier, who had come to take her for a morning drive.% Octavie wore a plain black dress, severe in its simplicity. A narrow belt held it at the waist and the sleeves were gathered into close fitting wristbands. She had discarded her hoopskirt and appeared not unlike a nun. Beneath the folds of her bodice nestled the old locket. She never displayed it now. It had returned to her sanctified in her eyes; made precious as material things sometimes are by being forever identified with a significant moment of one's existence. A hundred times she had read over the letter with which the locket had come back to her. No later than that morning she had again pored over it. As she sat beside the window, smoothing the letter out upon her knee, heavy and spiced odors stole in to her with the songs of birds and the humming of insects in the air.

Thesaurus bodice: (n) corsage, stays, corset, brassiere, top, slip, waist, corselet. cabriolet: (n) cab, drosky, hansom, growler, equipage, carriage, rig, droshki, stage wagon, car, fly. coachman: (n) teamster, cabman, charioteer, carter, carman, Jehu, postboy, drayman, wagoner, postilion; (v) whip. discarded: (adj) waste, junked, scrap, unwanted, unnecessary, useless, throwaway, surplus, superfluous,

smoothing: (n) fine cutting, unused, obsolete. hoopskirt: (n) skirt. smoothness, sleeking; (adj) sleek, notwithstanding: (adv, conj) even, not harsh, smooth porcelain, nevertheless, although, even though, bland, not rough, moving equably, yet, but; (conj) albeit; (adv) mild. spiced: (adj) hot, spicy, flavorful, nonetheless, though, still, all the same; (prep) despite. flavourful, peppery, flavored. sanctified: (adj) consecrated, sacred, urging: (n) spur, encouragement, blessed, holy, divine, justified, prod, prodding, goad, advocacy, elected, adopted, unearthly, spurring, goading, influence, exhortation; (adj) driving. consecrate, dedicated. ANTONYM: (adj) secular.

254

The Locket

She was so young and the world was so beautiful that there came over her a sense of unreality as she read again and again the priest's letter. He told of that autumn day drawing to its close, with the gold and the red fading out of the west, and the night gathering its shadows to cover the faces of the dead. Oh! She could not believe that one of those dead was her own! with visage uplifted to the gray sky in an agony of supplication. A spasm of resistance and rebellion seized and swept over her. Why was the spring here with its flowers and its seductive breath if he was dead! Why was she here! What further had she to do with life and the living! Octavie had experienced many such moments of despair, but a blessed resignation had never failed to follow, and it fell then upon her like a mantle and enveloped her.% "I shall grow old and quiet and sad like poor Aunt Tavie," she murmured to herself as she folded the letter and replaced it in the secretary. Already she gave herself a little demure air like her Aunt Tavie. She walked with a slow glide in unconscious imitation of Mademoiselle Tavie whom some youthful affliction had robbed of earthly compensation while leaving her in possession of youth's illusions. As she sat in the old cabriolet beside the father of her dead lover, again there came to Octavie the terrible sense of loss which had assailed her so often before. The soul of her youth clamored for its rights; for a share in the world's glory and exultation. She leaned back and drew her veil a little closer about her face. It was an old black veil of her Aunt Tavie's. A whiff of dust from the road had blown in and she wiped her cheeks and her eyes with her soft, white handkerchief, a homemade handkerchief, fabricated from one of her old fine muslin petticoats. "Will you do me the favor, Octavie," requested the judge in the courteous tone which he never abandoned, "to remove that veil which you wear. It seems out of harmony, someway, with the beauty and promise of the day." The young girl obediently yielded to her old companion's wish and unpinning the cumbersome, sombre drapery from her bonnet, folded it neatly and laid it upon the seat in front of her.

Thesaurus affliction: (n, v) adversity; (n) distress, regret, martyrdom, torment, curse, trial, bane, misadventure, sorrow, agony. ANTONYMS: (n) gift, godsend, solace, blessing. autumn: (n) fall, season, downfall, descent, declivity, harvest. cumbersome: (adj) bulky, unwieldy, heavy, hefty, weighty, clumsy, burdensome, inconvenient, inept, onerous; (adj, v) cumbrous. ANTONYMS: (adj) manageable,

light, graceful, insubstantial, small. appeal, request, rogation, plea, drapery: (n) drape, clothing, dress, orison, blessing, imploration. unreality: (n) irreality, cloud, blind, raiment, costume, toilette, furnishings, trim, guise, toilet. falseness, imagination, immateriality, fabricated: (adj) fictitious, false, fake, pointlessness, uselessness, futility, ben trovato, unfounded, pretended, emptiness, nonexistence, hollowness. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, value, feigned, forged, sham, improbable, made-up. ANTONYMS: (adj) factual, existence. visage: (n) face, look, mug, truthful, honest, true. homemade: (adj) native, crude. physiognomy, expression, kisser, supplication: (n, v) entreaty, appearance, aspect, brow, smiler, solicitation; (n) petition, invocation, forehead.

Kate Chopin

255

"Ah! that is better; far better!" he said in a tone expressing unbounded relief. "Never put it on again, dear." Octavie felt a little hurt; as if he wished to debar her from share and parcel in the burden of affliction which had been placed upon all of them. Again she drew forth the old muslin handkerchief.% They had left the big road and turned into a level plain which had formerly been an old meadow. There were clumps of thorn trees here and there, gorgeous in their spring radiance. Some cattle were grazing off in the distance in spots where the grass was tall and luscious. At the far end of the meadow was the towering lilac hedge, skirting the lane that led to Judge Pillier's house, and the scent of its heavy blossoms met them like a soft and tender embrace of welcome. As they neared the house the old gentleman placed an arm around the girl's shoulders and turning her face up to him he said: "Do you not think that on a day like this, miracles might happen? When the whole earth is vibrant with life, does it not seem to you, Octavie, that heaven might for once relent and give us back our dead?" He spoke very low, advisedly, and impressively. In his voice was an old quaver which was not habitual and there was agitation in every line of his visage. She gazed at him with eyes that were full of supplication and a certain terror of joy. They had been driving through the lane with the towering hedge on one side and the open meadow on the other. The horses had somewhat quickened their lazy pace. As they turned into the avenue leading to the house, a whole choir of feathered songsters fluted a sudden torrent of melodious greeting from their leafy hiding places. Octavie felt as if she had passed into a stage of existence which was like a dream, more poignant and real than life. There was the old gray house with its sloping eaves. Amid the blur of green, and dimly, she saw familiar faces and heard voices as if they came from far across the fields, and Edmond was holding her. Her dead Edmond; her living Edmond, and she felt the beating of his heart against her and the agonizing rapture of his kisses striving to awake her. It was as if the spirit of life and the awakening spring had given back the soul to her youth and bade her rejoice.

Thesaurus advisedly: (adv) intentionally, purposely, on purpose, designedly, wittingly, knowingly, studiedly, by choice; (adj) pointedly, studiously, freely. debar: (v) exclude, suspend, block, prohibit, avert, avoid, deter, preclude, inhibit; (adj, v) hinder, check. feathered: (adj) plumy, plumelike, featherlike, plumose, plumed, plumaged, fledged, plumigerous,

flighted, decorated; (v) fledge. passionate, intoxicated. melodious: (adj) harmonious, musical, rapture: (n) joy, bliss, delight, sweet, tuneful, mellow, dulcet, soft, happiness, exaltation, elation, exultation, enchantment; (adj, n) gentle, full, canorous, mellifluous. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, enthusiasm; (n, v) transport; (adj, n, v) passion. ANTONYMS: (n) unmelodious, inharmonious, tuneless, grating, loud. indifference, boredom, misery, quaver: (n, v) quiver, quake, shake, gloom, agony, hell, despair. shudder, shiver, tremble; (n) tremor, relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften, eighth note; (v) warble, flutter, moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax, capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS: flicker. quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid, (v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand.

256

The Locket

It was many hours later that Octavie drew the locket from her bosom and looked at Edmond with a questioning appeal in her glance.% "It was the night before an engagement," he said. "In the hurry of the encounter, and the retreat next day, I never missed it till the fight was over. I thought of course I had lost it in the heat of the struggle, but it was stolen." "Stolen," she shuddered, and thought of the dead soldier with his face uplifted to the sky in an agony of supplication. Edmond said nothing; but he thought of his messmate; the one who had lain far back in the shadow; the one who had said nothing.

Thesaurus agony: (n) torture, suffering, torment, distress, misery, passion, pain, grief, pang, sorrow, throe. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, joy, euphoria, bliss, happiness, ecstasy, peace, content. encounter: (n) collision, conflict, battle, action, confrontation, brush; (n, v) combat, contest, rencounter; (v) confront, face. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, surrender, evade, avoid, yield; (n) shunning, avoidance, withdrawal. hours: (n) period, duty period; (adv)

o'clock. hurry: (n) haste; (n, v) bustle, hasten, dispatch, flurry, rush; (v) scurry, dash, accelerate, expedite, run. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, calmness, patience, unimportance; (v) dawdle, delay, linger, crawl, amble; (intj) wait. messmate: (n) companion, skainsmate, shopmate, shipmate, acquaintance. questioning: (adj) inquisitive, curious, suspicious, quizzical, doubting; (n)

question, inquiry, query, examination, interrogation, enquiry. ANTONYMS: (adj) illogical, certain, credulous. retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart; (n) refuge, departure, asylum, den, lair, retirement; (n, v) resort, return. ANTONYMS: (n) raid, development, extension, arrival, company; (v) progress, remain.

Kate Chopin

257

A REFLECTION

Some people are born with a vital and responsive energy. It not only enables them to keep abreast of the times; it qualifies them to furnish in their own personality a good bit of the motive power to the mad pace. They are fortunate beings. They do not need to apprehend the significance of things. They do not grow weary nor miss step, nor do they fall out of rank and sink by the wayside to be left contemplating the moving procession. Ah! that moving procession that has left me by the road-side! Its fantastic colors are more brilliant and beautiful than the sun on the undulating waters. What matter if souls and bodies are failing beneath the feet of the ever-pressing multitude! It moves with the majestic rhythm of the spheres. Its discordant clashes sweep upward in one harmonious tone that blends with the music of other worlds--to complete God's orchestra. % It is greater than the stars--that moving procession of human energy; greater than the palpitating earth and the things growing thereon. Oh! I could weep at being left by the wayside; left with the grass and the clouds and a few dumb animals. True, I feel at home in the society of these symbols of life's immutability. In the procession I should feel the crushing feet, the clashing discords, the ruthless hands and stifling breath. I could not hear the rhythm of the march.

Thesaurus abreast: (adv) opposite, acquainted, furnish: (v) afford, provide, aflare, flittering, flying, unsteady, off, au fait, alongside, on one side, contribute, render, offer, vibrant, flaring. abeam; (adj) near, aligned, accommodate, supply, outfit, yield, thereon: (adv) on that, thereupon, knowledgeable; (prep) against. decorate; (n, v) give. ANTONYM: (v) afterward, at once, early, ANTONYMS: (adv) uninformed, lost, divest. immediately, therefore. immutability: (n) changelessness, undulating: (adj) sinuous, waved, unaware. clashing: (adj, n) discordant; (n) invariability, majesty, infinity, undulant, undulatory, curly, collision, interference, antagonism, unchangeableness, sovereignty, apprenticed, zigzag, crimped, curvy, discord; (adj) conflicting, unchangeability, unchangingness, indented, intended. ANTONYMS: (adj) steep, straight. incompatible, opposed, contrary; fixedness, fixity, permanency. (adv) clashingly; (v) bickering. ANTONYM: (n) mutability. wayside: (n) edge, curb, verge, ANTONYM: (adj) consistent. palpitating: (adj) fluttering, throbbing, margin, shoulder, border.

258

A Reflection

Salve! ye dumb hearts. Let us be still and wait by the roadside. %

Thesaurus dumb: (adj) mute, speechless, dense, dim, silent, dull, slow, stupid, inarticulate, foolish, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, communicative, intelligent, loquacious, sharp, smart, speaking, brilliant, talkative. hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades. roadside: (n) verge, shoulder, border, edge, margin. wait: (n, v) pause, hold, stop; (v) expect, anticipate, stay, await, lurk,

ambush, remain; (adj, v) tarry. ANTONYMS: (n) act, continuation, doing; (v) interrupt, leave, begin, depart, continue; (intj) hurry.

Kate Chopin

259

GLOSSARY abandon: (v) relinquish, renounce, resign, vacate, waive, evacuate, desert, give up, leave, depart, throw away. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, support, maintain, adopt, retain, continue, defend; (n) restraint, inhibition, deliberation, control abandoned: (adj) immoral, profligate, deserted, stranded, empty, shameless, wicked, lonely, depraved, corrupt, licentious. ANTONYMS: (adj) inhabited, orderly, overcrowded, used, pure, virtuous, upright, seemly, reserved, principled, moral abiding: (adj) immortal, stable, constant, everlasting, lasting, enduring, perpetual, eternal, perennial, continuing, imperishable. ANTONYMS: (adj) ephemeral, fleeting, impermanent, temporary, passing, mortal, erratic, inconstant ablaze: (adj, v) afire, alight, blazing; (adj) flaming, burning, on fire, passionate, bright, flushed, fiery; (v) splendid. ANTONYMS: (adj) dark, dispassionate, dull, dim, smothered, unexcited, extinguished abode: (n) dwelling, house, residence, place, domicile, lodge, abidance, mansion, lodging, address, seat abreast: (adv) opposite, acquainted, off, au fait, alongside, on one side, abeam; (adj) near, aligned, knowledgeable; (prep) against. ANTONYMS: (adv) uninformed, lost, unaware abrupt: (adj) sudden, brusque, sharp, precipitous, steep, instantaneous, unexpected, swift, instant, hasty; (n) bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, gradual, rambling, gracious, courteous, polite, anticipated, kind, calm, protracted, deliberate abruptly: (adv) precipitously, rudely, brusquely, curtly, gruffly, shortly, sharply, bluntly, hastily,

unexpectedly, steeply. ANTONYMS: (adv) gradually, civilly, attentively, kindly, politely, verbosely, eventually, pleasantly, slowly, indirectly absent: (adj) wanting, inattentive, not present, preoccupied, lost, missing, faraway, nonexistent, absentminded, out; (adj, adv) off. ANTONYMS: (adj) alert, attendant, attending, existing, here, real, attentive; (adv) in, visible absently: (adv) absentmindedly, missingly, lackingly, inattentively, wantingly, offly, deficiently, lostly, removedly, preoccupiedly, outly absent-minded: (adj) forgetful, oblivious, inattentive, preoccupied, abstracted absorbed: (adj) rapt, intent, immersed, fixed, deep, engaged, preoccupied, pensive, fascinated, enthralled, held. ANTONYMS: (adj) bored, disinterested, distracted, restless, unfocused, uninterested, indifferent, shallow, superficial, detached absurd: (adj) ridiculous, foolish, unreasonable, irrational, meaningless, inept, senseless, nonsensical, illogical, ludicrous; (adj, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, reasonable, logical, wise, weighty, sound, consistent, serious, plausible, credible, acceptable abundance: (adj) plenty; (n) plenitude, store, richness, profusion, amplitude, exuberance, affluence, treasure, enough; (adj, n) riches. ANTONYMS: (n) scarcity, shortage, insufficiency, lack, aridity, scarceness, paucity, emptiness, fruitlessness, bareness abusive: (adj) scurrilous, insulting, offensive, foul, rude, insolent, opprobrious, slanderous, harsh, nasty; (adj, v) reproachful.

ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, polite, kind, flattering, complimentary, just, sweet, gentle, courteous, cordial, fair accent: (v) emphasize, emphasise, punctuate, accentuate; (n) dialect, emphasis, idiom, importance, speech, articulation, pronunciation. ANTONYMS: (v) attenuate, downplay, hide, ignore, lessen, minimize, slight accidentally: (adv) incidentally, casually, fortuitously, by chance, coincidentally, adventitiously, unintentionally, contingently, haphazardly, occasionally, inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately, knowingly, purposely, unfortunately, correctly accompaniment: (n) concomitant, part, backing, escort, support, occurrence, protection, companionship, addition; (adv) second, bass accompaniments: (n) equipment, trimmings, fixing accompany: (v) attend, follow, companion, guide, company, lead, walk, associate, consort, conduct, concur. ANTONYMS: (v) desert, abandon, leave accompanying: (adj) concomitant, concurrent, related, acceding, incidental, accessory, subservient, auxiliary, collateral, minor, supplementary accomplish: (v) perform, reach, do, compass, perfect, attain, make, fulfill, realize, execute, carry out. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, neglect, choke, blow, lose accomplished: (adj) proficient, able, skillful, gifted, finished, experienced, completed, adept, fine, versed, competent. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfinished, amateur, untrained, unskilled, unseasoned,

260 unable, inexpert, green, clumsy, bad, mediocre accomplishing: (n) doing; (adj) effectual accomplishment: (n) attainment, completion, exploit, performance, deed, skill, fulfillment, feat, action, act, acquisition. ANTONYMS: (n) abandonment, washout, flop, debacle, defeat accord: (n) agreement, consensus, harmony; (n, v) consent, concord, assent; (adj, v) agree; (v) give, bestow, suit, grant. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, strife, antagonism, hostility, friction, dissidence, dissension; (n, v) conflict; (v) withhold, question, oppose according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, equal, agreeable, harmonious, conformable, consistent, corresponding, respondent; (adv) correspondingly, accordingly accusation: (n) complaint, charge, accusal, blame, allegation, condemnation, insinuation, denunciation, indictment, inculpation, impeachment. ANTONYMS: (n) exoneration, argument, compliment accustomed: (adj, n) habitual; (adj) familiar, normal, wonted, usual, natural, everyday, ordinary, habituated, common, traditional. ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, green, unseasoned, unconventional, untrained, abnormal, uncharacteristic, exceptional ache: (n, v) hunger, pain, hurt, yen; (n) twinge, thirst; (v) long, yearn, itch, smart, pine. ANTONYMS: (v) help, assist; (n) comfort, ease, health, relief, joy acknowledge: (v) recognize, confess, accept, profess, own, admit, concede, appreciate, notice, declare, approve. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, overlook, reject, repudiate, snub, refuse, renounce, abjure, disavow, disregard, refute acknowledgment: (n) admission, acknowledgement, acceptance, confession, greeting, credit, allowance, declaration, agreement, thanks, gratitude. ANTONYMS: (n) rejection, ungratefulness, oversight, snub, ignoring, invoice, blame, defiance acme: (n) crown, peak, pinnacle, top, apex, height, summit, vertex, climax, zenith, crest. ANTONYMS: (n) bottom, lowest, valley, base, pit,

A Reflection trough acquaintance: (n) connection, friend, acquaintanceship, mate, awareness, associate, buddy, friendship, intercourse, companion; (n, v) knowledge. ANTONYMS: (n) ignorance, inexperience, unfamiliarity, animosity, enemy acquaintances: (n) associates acquainted: (adj) knowledgeable, informed, aware, cognizant, conversant, hand and glove, intimate, thick; (adv) abreast; (v) inform, acquaint acquiescence: (n) compliance, consent, resignation, permission, sanction, approval, accord, agreement, submission, conformity; (n, v) assent. ANTONYMS: (n) disagreement, insubordination, rebellion, defiance, rejection acres: (n) land, acres and perches, roods and perches, landed estate, leasehold, homestead, glebe, manor, freehold, fief, feoff acute: (adj, n, v) sharp; (adj) incisive, intense, penetrating, keen, severe, critical; (adj, v) high, shrewd; (adj, n) strong, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) obtuse, insignificant, stupid, unimportant, moderate, blunt, slow, slight, mild, minor, imperceptive adieu: (int, n) farewell; (n) vale, valediction, goodbye, leave, cheerio, adios, bye, so long, parting; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYM: (n) greeting adjoining: (adj) contiguous, neighbor, near, abutting, touching, conterminous, neighboring, immediate, next, vicinal; (adj, v) close. ANTONYMS: (adj) separate, divided, detached, apart, far adjust: (v) temper, accommodate, adapt, align, fix, set, fit, regulate; (adj, v) balance, dress; (n, v) square. ANTONYMS: (v) derange, upset, unsuit, unfit, confuse, disorganize, disorder, disarrange, maintain, leave, worsen adjusted: (adj) altered, set, arranged, accustomed, correct, fitted, right, tuned, secure, familiarised, familiarized. ANTONYM: (adj) maladjusted adjusting: (v) adjust; (n) adjusting operation administer: (n, v) manage, rule, minister, command; (v) dispense, distribute, give, operate, deal, supply, handle. ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, neglect, frustrate, refuse, deny, mismanage, take

admiration: (n) esteem, adoration, appreciation, reverence, estimation, amazement, liking, awe, compliment; (adj, n) regard; (v) laud. ANTONYMS: (n) disdain, criticism, disapproval, contempt, abhorrence, loathing, disgust, despising, dishonor, disparagement, detestation admired: (adj) respected, admirable, estimable, favorite, pet, beloved, honored, August, loved, accepted, popular. ANTONYM: (adj) disreputable admiring: (adj) admire, admiringly, loving, respectful, glowing, affectionate, amatory, appreciative, enthusiastic, flattering, approving. ANTONYMS: (adj) defamatory, critical, disdainful, disapproving, disrespectful, uncomplimentary admission: (n) acknowledgment, access, confession, reception, entrance fee, declaration, recognition, admittance, profession, confirmation; (v) acknowledge. ANTONYMS: (n) impediment, secret, concealment, blockage, barring, confidentiality, exclusion adorable: (adj) lovely, attractive, delightful, endearing, pleasing, glamorous, delicious, wonderful, winning, appealing, cute. ANTONYMS: (adj) despicable, disgusting, wicked, unappealing, repulsive, monstrous, gross adoration: (n) admiration, adulation, cult, appreciation, reverence, glorification, idolization, homage, praise; (adj, n) devotion, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) hatred, detestation, despising, disparagement, revulsion, repulsion, disgust, disdain adore: (v) worship, idolize, admire, glorify, cherish, appreciate; (n, v) honor; (adj) adoring, worshipping, worshiping; (adv) adoringly. ANTONYMS: (v) detest, despise, condemn, loathe, disrespect, abhor, scorn adored: (adj) loved, respected, precious, idolized, idolised, acclaimed, blessed, favorite, dearly loved, beloved, venerated adoring: (adj) doting, adoringly, worship, adore, loving, worshiping, worshipping, warm, fervent, fanatical, devout. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, disapproving, cold advancement: (n, v) advance; (n) promotion, furtherance, upgrade,

Kate Chopin growth, development, cultivation, progression, improvement, progress, elevation. ANTONYMS: (n) reverse, downgrade, retreat, demotion advances: (v) access, approach advancing: (adj) progressive, moving forward, increasing, moving, processive, thriving, ongoing, aggressive; (n) advancement, progression, proceeding adventure: (n, v) venture, chance; (n) accident, escapade, incident, event, undertaking, consequence, essay; (v) risk, jeopardize. ANTONYMS: (n) stillness, passiveness, inactivity, inaction, avoidance, inertia, bore advise: (v) recommend, propose, warn, inform, acquaint, suggest, notify, announce, tell, offer, forewarn. ANTONYMS: (v) betray, deceive, delude, fool, trick advised: (adj) studied, considered, premeditated, deliberate, calculated, intended; (v) determinate, express, designed advisedly: (adv) intentionally, purposely, on purpose, designedly, wittingly, knowingly, studiedly, by choice; (adj) pointedly, studiously, freely afar: (adv) off, away, far away, distantly, beyond, Afar off, in the distance, by far, apart; (adj) outlying, far. ANTONYMS: (adv) close, nearby, near; (prep) within affection: (n) charity, attachment, fondness, heart, love, disease, nature, feeling, affectionateness, tenderness, kindness. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, neglect, malice, loathing, dislike, detachment, coldness, roughness affectionate: (adj) fond, tender, kind, mild, devoted, ardent, warm, cordial, caring, brotherly; (adj, adv) fatherly. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, callous, undemonstrative, aloof, cool, disapproving, reserved, antagonistic, paternal, rough affectionately: (adv) lovingly, tenderly, warmly, dearly, caringly, devotedly, kindly, ardently, cordially, amorously, dotingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly, frostily, roughly affections: (n) bosom affliction: (n, v) adversity; (n) distress, regret, martyrdom, torment, curse, trial, bane, misadventure, sorrow, agony. ANTONYMS: (n) gift, godsend,

solace, blessing afresh: (adv) again, newly, over again, new, once again, freshly, once more, often; (adj) the other day, just now, only yesterday afterward: (adv, conj) then, after that; (adv) thereafter, afterwards, later, subsequently, later on, next, soon; (adj) following; (n) future. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, previously, before agility: (n) quickness, lightness, alacrity, adroitness, promptitude, mobility, legerdemain, liveliness, rapidity, speed, activity. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, oafishness, inflexibility, heaviness, awkwardness agitated: (adj) upset, excited, nervous, restive, tumultuous, distressed, tense, jumpy, overwrought, anxious, alarmed. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, lethargic, tranquil, relaxed, assured, cool, still agitation: (n) disturbance, excitement, tumult, stirring, convulsion, stir, commotion, emotion, unrest, shake, turmoil. ANTONYMS: (n) serenity, calm, equanimity, rest, peace, deterrent agonized: (adj) distressed, painful, woeful, tormented, suffering, miserable, hurt agonizing: (adj, v) excruciating; (adj) painful, harrowing, poignant, grievous, agonising, torturous, heartbreaking, sore, anguished, aching. ANTONYMS: (adj) restful, painless, enjoyable, easy, bearable, wonderful, unemotional agony: (n) torture, suffering, torment, distress, misery, passion, pain, grief, pang, sorrow, throe. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, joy, euphoria, bliss, happiness, ecstasy, peace, content agreeable: (adj) accordant, nice, sweet, consistent, suitable, amusing, enjoyable, affable; (adj, v) pleasant, desirable; (adj, n) acceptable. ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable, discordant, unpleasant, nasty, unwilling, resistant, aggressive, repugnant, averse, stubborn, unacceptable aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, pointlessly, without aim, randomly, haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, vagrantly ajar: (v) dissentient, unclosed, unstopped, wide open, out of tune; (adj) open, gaping, partly open, not

261 closed akimbo: (adj) geniculated, knock kneed, crinkled; (n) knuckle, fluke, kimbo, crane, groin, crotch, knee, zigzag alacrity: (n) rapidity, speed, promptness, activity, preparedness, velocity, haste, swiftness, quickness, expedition; (adj) life. ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, reservation, reluctance, indifference, hesitance, dullness, disinclination, apathy, tardiness, delay alarmed: (adj) afraid, scared, frightened, apprehensive, horrified, anxious, uneasy, agitated, shocked, terrified, concerned. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree album: (n) portfolio, recording, volume, anthology, albo, phonograph album, medium, disc, LP, photograph album, vinyl alien: (n) foreigner, outsider; (adj) strange, extrinsic, remote, exotic, extraneous, unfamiliar; (n, v) alienate; (adj, n) unknown; (v) estrange. ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, akin, ordinary; (adj, n) native; (n) citizen, local alike: (adj) corresponding, equal, equivalent, cognate, analogical, parallel, analogous, identical, similar, the same, duplicate. ANTONYMS: (adj) different, dissimilar, contrasting, unalike, disparate, unlike, opposite; (adv) differently, unequally, unevenly aline: (v) adjust, alline, allineate, allign, alineate, orient, reorient, dress, align with, collimate, concenter. ANTONYM: (v) skew allay: (n, v) ease; (adj, v) still, quell, lay, appease, quiet; (v) abate, mitigate, moderate, quench, alleviate. ANTONYMS: (v) arouse, excite, heighten, intensify, magnify, provoke, stir, exacerbate, aggravate allegiance: (n) adherence, dedication, devotion, faith, troth, faithfulness, commitment, fidelity, homage, constancy, fealty. ANTONYMS: (n) sedition, treason, betrayal, disobedience, enmity, treachery, indifference alluring: (adj) tempting, charming, attractive, enticing, beguiling, glamorous, magnetic, enchanting, enthralling, appealing, appetizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing, unattractive, dull, repulsive almighty: (adj) omnipotent, powerful, potent, great, supreme;

262 (adj, n) divine; (n) lord, Jehovah, deity, God, godhead. ANTONYMS: (adj) ineffectual, insignificant, lay, powerless, lowly aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong, out, audibly, hard, forte. ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, inaudibly, quietly altar: (n) shrine, Communion table, sanctuary, table, structure, sanctum sanctorum, sacristy, construction, examination hall, holy of Holies altercation: (n, v) quarrel, squabble; (n) affray, scrap, fight, hassle, disagreement, fracas, strife, controversy, contest. ANTONYMS: (n) union, harmony, concord, agreement, unity, consensus altered: (adj) transformed, changed, diversified, varied, distorted, affected, castrated, malformed, misrepresented, misshapen; (v) battered. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaltered, unadjusted alternate: (adj, n, v) substitute; (n) surrogate, standby, vice; (v) reciprocate, vary, take turns, fluctuate, change; (adj, n) alternative; (adj) secondary. ANTONYMS: (adj) consecutive, successive, required, opposite, necessary, essential; (v) remain, continue amazement: (n) admiration, wonder, surprise, consternation, stupefaction, stupor, wonderment, feeling, alarm, jolt; (v) amaze. ANTONYMS: (n) preparation, indifference, expectation, coolness, cool, composure, calmness, contempt, belief amber: (n) yellow, yellowness, electrum, ambergris, gold, brown, electron, gum; (adj) chromatic ambition: (n) aim, hope, goal, drive, ambitiousness, wish, dream, purpose, target, objective, intention. ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, contentment, sloth, laziness, lethargy amiable: (adj) friendly, genial, agreeable, benign, complaisant, sweet, cordial, pleasant, likable, nice, lovely. ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable, argumentative, aggressive, antisocial, unkind, hateful, mean, quarrelsome, rude, surly, cold amicable: (adj) affable, kind, amiable, cordial, gracious, genial, familiar, peaceful, peaceable, congenial, amical. ANTONYMS: (adj) hostile,

A Reflection unfriendly, unpleasant, aggressive, nasty, standoffish, disagreeable, inaccessible amid: (adv, prep) among, amongst; (prep) between, amidst, mid, during, in the midst of, with, surrounded by, stuck between; (n) midst. ANTONYMS: (prep) outside, separate amiss: (adj, adv) wrong; (adj) bad, haywire, faulty, astray, guilty; (adv) badly, poorly, awry, wrongly, adrift. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) right; (adv) perfectly, properly, suitably, appropriately, correctly, well; (adj) okay, correct, good ample: (adj) abundant, big, broad, copious, large, plentiful, heavy, liberal, roomy, affluent, considerable. ANTONYMS: (adj) small, meager, insufficient, scarce, sparse, scant, cramped, narrow, partial, sketchy, slender amuse: (v) please, beguile, absorb, entertain, enjoy, disport, distract, delight, occupy, recreate, rejoice. ANTONYMS: (v) bore, dull, tire, annoy, anger, cloy, depress, weary, disappoint amused: (adj) amusing, smiling, tickled pink, pleased, diverted amusement: (n) pleasure, recreation, entertainment, distraction, diversion, sport, pastime, laughter, enjoyment, joy, hobby. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, boredom, work, tedium, business, despondency, discomfort, displeasure amusing: (adj) humorous, fun, pleasant, entertaining, risible, comical, diverting, enjoyable, laughable, agreeable, pleasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, boring, unpleasant, unfunny, tiring, grim, depressing, sad, annoying, heavy, serious anchorage: (n) berth, port, mooring, moorage, encampment, roads, harbor, dock, road, moorings, haven anecdote: (n) tale, account, yarn, narrative, story, fable, relation, ana, fiction, trait, gossip anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, recently, over again, once more, once again, new; (adj) only yesterday, the other day, just now angelus: (n) prayer, Angelus bell angered: (adj) enraged, annoyed, angry, furious, incensed, anger, vexed, irritated, raging, exasperated, huffy

angostura: (n) angostura bark angrily: (adv) irately, passionately, fiercely, indignantly, cholericly, resentfully, enragedly, infuriatedly, wrathfully, madly, crossly. ANTONYMS: (adv) warmly, lightly, calmly, cheerfully, gently, gladly anguish: (n, v) pain, ache; (n) torment, agony, torture, distress, misery, suffering, despair, grief, sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, happiness, calm, euphoria, joyfulness, ecstasy, content, peace, hopefulness animalism: (n) philosophy, temperament, ism, carnality, disposition, doctrine, lust, license, physicality animated: (adj) alive, lively, animate, perky, spirited, sprightly, brisk, cheerful, quick, vivacious, airy. ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, dull, blank, lifeless, spiritless, stiff, unanimated, bored, impassive, unexciting, dead animation: (adj, n) life, vivacity; (n) liveliness, vitality, activity, spirit, exhilaration, dash, energy, buoyancy; (adj) alacrity. ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy, lifelessness, inertness, inertia, sluggishness, boredom ankle: (n) knuckle, kimbo, crane, fluke, crutch, crotch, zigzag, groin, sickle, scythe, malleolus annihilation: (n) abolition, death, slaughter, destruction, obliteration, extermination, extirpation, disintegration, demolition, defeat, pulverization. ANTONYMS: (n) preservation, survival, creation, protection announcement: (n) annunciation, advertisement, declaration, release, statement, communication, report, proclamation, promulgation, pronouncement, intimation. ANTONYM: (n) request annoyance: (n) anger, harassment, aggravation, disturbance, inconvenience, pain, bother, botheration, temper, displeasure, vexation. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, satisfaction, patience, calmness, delight, equanimity, advantage, balm annoyed: (adj) irritated, vexed, irate, aggravated, angered, cross, disgruntled, exasperated, infuriated, displeased, resentful. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleased, unprovoked, smiling, patient, unconcerned, contented

Kate Chopin annoying: (adj) galling, vexatious, aggravating, vexing, worrying, awkward, trying, bothersome, disagreeable; (adj, v) irritating; (n) annoyance. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, delightful, pleasant, charming, satisfying, welcome, convenient answering: (adj) respondent, responsive, according, agreeing, responsory; (n) respondency antagonistic: (adj) counter, opposite, opposed, conflicting, averse, warlike, inimical, unfriendly, repugnant, contrary; (adj, v) adverse. ANTONYMS: (adj) synergistic, conciliating, peaceable, peaceful, compatible, agreeable, sympathetic antagonize: (v) antagonise, resist, counteract, anger, contravene, dispute, rile, run afoul of, vex, go dead against, rag. ANTONYMS: (v) befriend, soothe antecedents: (n) history, colony anticipating: (v) anticipate; (adj) pregnant, anticipant, hopeful, ready, oracular anticipation: (n) forecast, hope, foresight, prevention, augury, expectance, hopefulness, prefiguration, presentiment; (n, v) outlook, prospect. ANTONYMS: (n) despair, boredom anxiously: (adv) uneasily, restlessly, carefully, worriedly, fearfully, nervously, concernedly, solicitously, timidly, keenly, enthusiastically. ANTONYMS: (adv) calmly, confidently, merrily, indifferently, fearlessly, nonchalantly, patiently, unconcernedly apartment: (n) residence, lodging, suite, place, dwelling, chamber, room, abode, house, home, accommodation apologies: (n) regret apology: (n, v) excuse; (n) amends, regret, defense, justification, reason, explanation, vindication, alibi, acknowledgment; (v) apologize. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, reprehension, accusation, shamelessness, epitome apostrophe: (n) address, interpellation, invocation, punctuation, salutation, monologue, stream of consciousness, soliloquy, motion, appeal, digression appalled: (adj) dismayed, scared, shocked, horrified, afraid, fright, amazed, astonished, stunned,

outraged, scandalized. ANTONYM: (adj) indifferent appalling: (adj, v) shocking, grim, terrific; (adj) alarming, dire, ghastly, dreadful, frightful, terrible, atrocious, vile. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, admirable, lovely, encouraging, laudable, comforting, pleasing, agreeable, honorable, appealing, humane apparition: (n) ghost, phantom, spirit, spectre, hallucination, spook, shade, eidolon, wraith, advent; (n, v) vision appealing: (adj) charming, adorable, prepossessing, enchanting, inviting, fascinating, engaging, absorbing, likable, pretty, magnetic. ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing, repellent, disgusting, unattractive, unpleasant, horrifying, unsympathetic, uninteresting, repulsive, modern, forgettable appearances: (n) show, semblance, outlook, indicia appease: (n, v) allay, alleviate; (adj, v) pacify, still; (v) placate, quiet, conciliate, calm, mollify, abate, reconcile. ANTONYMS: (v) provoke, annoy, antagonize, enrage, exacerbate, excite, irritate, intensify appeased: (adj) content, pacate appetite: (n, v) desire; (n) appetence, appetency, relish, inclination, stomach, taste, thirst, passion, liking, gusto. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, repulsion, revulsion, apathy, distaste applause: (n, v) acclaim, praise; (n) admiration, approval, eulogy, compliment, plaudit, commendation, clapping, clap, ovation. ANTONYMS: (n) disapproval, Boos, booing, denigration, hisses, hissing, rejection, condemnation, criticism, jeering appointments: (n) installation, schedule, upholstery, fixture, furnishings, furniture, movements, possession, actions, arrangements, activities appreciable: (adj, adv, v) perceptible, noticeable; (adj) considerable, respectable, conspicuous, palpable, discernible, apparent, manifest; (adj, adv) observable; (v) measurable. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, inconsiderable, negligible, unnoticed appreciated: (adj) respected, prized, valued, comprehended, welcome,

263 treasured, valuable, aesthetic, apprehended, esteemed, gratifying appreciation: (n) admiration, acknowledgment, recognition, approval, taste, understanding, awareness, conception, grasp, feeling; (n, v) sense. ANTONYMS: (n) depreciation, loss, ungratefulness, ignorance, disrespect, disregard, disapproval, deflation, dislike, discomfort, condemnation apprehend: (v) arrest, comprehend, grasp, catch, understand, fathom, realize, sense, follow, nail; (adj, v) conceive. ANTONYMS: (v) misunderstand, discharge, free, liberate apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized, understood, under arrest, in custody, detained, appreciated, comprehended apprehension: (n) alarm, comprehension, dread, misgiving, understanding, capture, foreboding, arrest, trepidation; (n, v) doubt, appreciation. ANTONYMS: (n) release, confidence, calmness, tranquility, freeing, misunderstanding, peace, relief, bravery, calm, equanimity apprised: (adj) conscious, informed, familiar, knowledgeable approaching: (adj) future, forthcoming, impending, imminent, oncoming, near; (adj, n) coming; (n, v) approach; (adv) nearly, almost; (prep) toward apron: (n) skirt, proscenium, pall, pontificals, lawn sleeves, pinafore, petticoat, gathering head, wife, jupe, farthingale aptitude: (n) capability, skill, capacity, fitness, facility, dexterity, potential, talent, flair, gift, proficiency. ANTONYMS: (n) inability, inaptitude, stupidity, disinclination, incapacity, skillessness, incompetence arbitrary: (adj) optional, capricious, dictatorial, erratic, random, peremptory, masterful, haphazard, unfair, domineering, dogmatic. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, nonarbitrary, scientific, rational, supported, reasoned, objective, circumspect, democratic, deliberate, logical architect: (n) producer, maker, founder, inventor, creator, designer, prime mover, generator, builder, author, artificer. ANTONYM: (n)

264 destroyer ardent: (adj, n) enthusiastic, glowing; (adj, v) burning, fervent, impassioned; (adj) keen, vehement, eager, warm, acute, fervid. ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, cool, unenthusiastic, traitorous, mild, frigid, dispassionate, cold, disloyal, impassive, calm ardently: (adv) fervently, warmly, eagerly, intensely, fierily, avidly, enthusiastically, burningly, zealously, fervidly; (adj, adv) hotly. ANTONYMS: (adv) indifferently, apathetically, unenthusiastically, halfheartedly, calmly ardor: (adj, n) eagerness, zeal; (n) fervor, fervency, fire, flame, passion, enthusiasm, ardency, heat, avidity. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, coolness, coldness, hatred aria: (n) air, tune, melody, song, strain, apparent character, arietta, ariette, hymn, action arisen: (adj) risen arose: (v) happen, occur arouse: (v) wake, stir, agitate, excite, awaken, stimulate, anger, kindle, provoke, raise; (n, v) rouse. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, dampen, stifle, sedate, quiet, pacify, bore, allay, lull, quench, suppress aroused: (adj) ablaze, aflame, passionate, hot, agitated, inflamed, susceptible, tense, fascinated, emotional, elated arousing: (adj, n) stirring; (adj) moving, stimulating, affecting, animating, hopeful, pitiful, poignant; (n) awakening, start, beginning arranging: (n) arrange, arrangements, disposition, composing, composition, order, position, set, orchestration, organization, agreement artificial: (adj) affected, theatrical, unreal, unnatural, strained, manmade, bogus, forced, phony, feigned, false. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, real, sincere, authentic, organic, untreated artificially: (adv) synthetically, factitiously, affectedly, contrivedly, insincerely, unreally, feignedly, falsely, fictitiously, artfully, counterfeitly. ANTONYM: (adv) naturally artistic: (adj) esthetic, aesthetic, elegant, ingenious, pleasing, tasteful, attic, imaginative, creative, inventive, harmonious.

A Reflection ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, scientific, ugly, unattractive, unimaginative, crude ascendancy: (n) ascendance, supremacy, control, influence, power, mastery, rule, dominion, domination, advantage, authority. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, subordination ascent: (n) ascension, climb, ascending, elevation, hill, incline, advance, grade; (n, v) rise; (v) ascend, uprise. ANTONYMS: (n) fall, drop, declivity ascertain: (v) determine, find out, learn, discover, check, tell, control, find, ensure, detect; (adj, v) establish. ANTONYM: (v) disprove ashamed: (adj) hangdog, guilty, embarrassed, sheepish, remorseful, regretful, bashful, disconcerted, contrite, chagrined; (v) dashed. ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, arrogant, unremorseful, unashamed, pleased, blatant, bold, happy, unabashed, unrepentant ashes: (n) dust, cinders, remains, cinder, clay, earth, embers, clinker; (adj) scoriae, mother, precipitate asleep: (adj) sleeping, deceased, sleepy, dormant, numb, dead, sound asleep, snoozing, slumbering, napping, gone. ANTONYMS: (adj) up, attentive, alert, conscious assailing: (v) assail; (n) attack; (adj) aggressive, assailant, offensive asserting: (v) affirm; (adj) declaratory, declarative, evidentiary; (n) assertion assistants: (n) cabinet assisted: (adj) aided assisting: (adj) aiding, auxiliary, subsidiary, suffragan, adjuvant, supporting, support, secondary, supplementary, assistant; (n) helping. ANTONYM: (adj) main associate: (n, v) affiliate, connect, link; (n) partner, fellow, companion, assistant, accomplice, adjunct; (v) company, relate. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, distance, separate, disconnect, clear, divide, estrange; (adj) chief; (n) stranger, rival, competitor associating: (n) connection, reference assorting: (v) assort assurance: (n) confidence, guarantee, belief, pledge, security, promise, sureness, poise, conviction, nerve, warrant. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt, uncertainty, mistrust, lie, fiction, awkwardness, timidity, clumsiness

assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch; (v) secure, persuade, satisfy, reassure, affirm, promise, ascertain; (adj, v) ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) alarm, disclaim, deny, disbelieve, undermine assured: (adj, v) certain, sure; (adj) confident, guaranteed, positive, definite, assertive, confirmed, convinced, reliable, safe. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, doubtful, unsure, troubled, timid, questionable, hesitant, confused, halting, unlikely astir: (adj) agog, lively, wakeful; (adv) afoot, abroach, about; (v) sparkling, up the qui vive, wrought up. ANTONYM: (adj) asleep astonish: (adj, v) astound; (adj, n, v) surprise; (adj) astonishing, surprised; (v) flabbergast, daze, confound, dazzle, stun, alarm, nonplus. ANTONYMS: (v) expect, bore astonished: (adj) astonish, dumbfounded, flabbergasted, stunned, aghast, bewildered, astounded, taken aback, thunderstruck, astonied; (v) amaze astonishment: (n) admiration, wonder, wonderment, surprise, marvel, stupefaction, confusion, consternation, awe, alarm, startle. ANTONYMS: (n) calmness, belief, contempt asunder: (adj, v) separate; (adv) aside, in two; (adj, adv) in Twain; (adj) loose, distant, adrift, aloof; (v) discrete, far between, free. ANTONYM: (adv) together atelier: (v) studio; (n) workshop, office, den, branch office bureau atone: (v) satisfy, pay, propitiate, indemnify, compensate, make up, recoup, apologize, abye, aby, repent. ANTONYM: (v) forfeit atonement: (n) amends, reparation, satisfaction, compensation, penance, redress, redemption, reconciliation, recompense, propitiation, penitence attached: (adj) affectionate, committed, affiliated, associated, devoted, fond, loving, loyal, near, added; (n) attachment. ANTONYMS: (adj) separate, unmarried, unattached, vagile, free, distant attachment: (n) appendix, addition, accessory, adherence, regard, link, bond, fitting, devotion, liking, connection. ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, estrangement, repulsion,

Kate Chopin separation, dislike attendant: (n) companion, follower, assistant, escort, subordinate, employee, guide, varlet; (adj) accompanying, concomitant, incidental. ANTONYMS: (n) superior, boss; (adj) absent, unrelated, significant attentive: (adj) assiduous, diligent, heedful, watchful, observant, advertent, mindful, careful, aware, alert, respectful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfocused, negligent, neglectful, forgetful, heedless, unobservant, rude, unprepared, unconscious, uncaring, inconsiderate attentively: (adv) carefully, mindfully, watchfully, observantly, heedfully, vigilantly, cautiously, considerately, diligently, alertly, obligingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unhelpfully, neglectfully, abruptly, carelessly, hastily, casually attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, wear; (n) costume, garment, outfit, clothes; (v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, strip, unclothe; (n) nakedness attired: (adj) clad, appareled, clothed, garbed, habilimented, robed; (adj, prep) garmented attracted: (adj) paying attention, concerned, enamored, enthusiastic, interested, involved, amatory attraction: (n) allure, invitation, affinity, appeal, charm, allurement, lure, fascination, bait, draw, attractiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) repulsion, revulsion, disgust, aversion, repellant, drawback attractiveness: (n) appeal, allure, charm, allurement, affinity, beauty, enticement, grace, loveliness, adorableness, animal magnetism. ANTONYMS: (n) unattractiveness, unpleasantness, repulsiveness, repulsion, infamy, awkwardness attributed: (adj) credited. ANTONYM: (adj) unofficial avalanche: (n) deluge, occurrence, cascade, landslip, mud slide, plenty; (v) debacle, descend, roll down. ANTONYMS: (n) deficiency, lack, famine, drought avenue: (n) road, route, sort, path, passage, approach, way, means, boulevard, course, lane aversion: (n) antipathy, distaste, abhorrence, disinclination, dislike, grudge, aversation, nausea, enmity, revulsion; (n, v) disgust. ANTONYMS: (n) attraction, love,

inclination, predilection, desire, fondness, goodwill avoidance: (n) escape, evasion, abstention, forbearance, cancellation, prevention, annulment, dodging, avoid, evade, shun. ANTONYMS: (n) embrace, confronting avoided: (adj) unpopular avoiding: (n) shunning; (adj) fugitive, antisocial awaited: (adj) expected, appointed, scheduled, forthcoming, prospective awaiting: (adj) looming, imminent, in the near future, pending, expectant awake: (v) wake, awaken, realize, waken; (adj) alive, alert, attentive, conscious, keen, intelligent; (adj, v) broad awake. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconscious, sleeping, comatose, sleepy, relaxed; (v) deaden, lull, sleep awaken: (v) arouse, wake, rouse, call, stir, kindle, get up, raise, wake up, waken, revive. ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, calm, retire, suppress, spoil, quench, douse, stifle awakened: (adj) excited, aroused, awakens, awoke, interested awakening: (n) arousal, waking up, revival, disenchantment, awakenment, introduction, provocation; (adj) arousing, moving, animating; (v) awake. ANTONYM: (n) suppression awakens: (adj) awakened awe-inspiring: (adj) awesome, solemn, glorious, monumental, brilliant, dignified, fearful, terrible, unusual, weird, wonderful awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant; (adv) briefly awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy, embarrassing, uncomfortable, ungainly, untoward, crude, inept, sticky, left-handed, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy, adroit, manageable, straightforward, simple, dexterous, rotund, convenient, helpful, skillful awning: (n) screen, shade, tilt, sunblind, marquee, umbrella, blind, canopy, cover, tarpaulin, shelter awoke: (adj) awakened babes: (n) babies, babe babies: (n) children, babes, babe, babying, offspring backward: (adj, adv) late, behindhand; (adj) tardy, retarded, reluctant, coy, slow, laggard, dilatory; (adv) behind, backwardly. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) ahead;

265 (adv) onward; (adj) quick, developing, advanced, confident, brilliant, bold bade: (v) bid, command, bad bait: (v) badger, tease; (adj, v) molest, harass, harry; (n, v) lure, bribe; (n) decoy, snare, temptation, attraction. ANTONYMS: (v) repel, repulse, pacify, mollify, please baking: (adj) hot, scorching, roasting, burning, boiling, sweltering, torrid; (n) cookery, cooking, stoving, firing. ANTONYM: (adj) fresh balk: (n, v) frustrate; (n) hindrance, setback, barrier; (v) retard, prevent, flinch, traverse, hamper, baffle, foil. ANTONYMS: (v) aid, facilitate, help, proceed, progress, agree, approve bamboo: (adj) wicker, basket weave, natural fiber, rush; (n) rattan, Poaceae, family Graminaceae, family Poaceae, Gramineae, grass family, family Gramineae bandana: (n) bandanna, hankie, hanky, handkerchief, hankey baneful: (adj) harmful, deadly, pestilent, ruinous, hurtful, baleful, poisonous, injurious, pernicious, maleficent, malignant. ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, beneficial, advantageous bang: (n, v) slam, hit, beat, strike, knock, smash, boom, thud, bump; (adv, n, v) smack, slap. ANTONYMS: (n) silence; (v) tiptoe banister: (n) baluster, bar, handrail, parapet, bannister, rail, railing, balusters, breastwork, stanchion, guardrail banquette: (v) curtain, redan, mantlet, ravelin, breastwork banter: (n, v) chaff, badinage, jest, quiz; (v) kid, tease, joke, deride, twit; (n) raillery, fun. ANTONYMS: (v) flatter, placate, soothe bantering: (adj) banteringly, satirical, jovial, facetious, humorous baptism: (n) affusion, aspersion, chrism, sacrament, immersion, designation, entrance, introduction, initiation, blessing; (v) baptize bare: (adj) naked, austere, bald, stark, bleak, exposed, desolate, plain; (adj, v) empty, vacant; (v) show. ANTONYMS: (adj) cultivated, ornate, concealed, elaborate, adorned, decorated, dressed, clothed, embellished; (v) cover, conceal barefooted: (adj) shoeless, unshod, discalced, bare footed

266 bargain: (adj, n, v) cheap; (n, v) covenant, deal; (n) agreement, treaty, arrangement, buy, chaffer; (v) exchange, stipulate, agree. ANTONYM: (adj) inflated barking: (adj) latrant; (n) abay, latration barrier: (n) bar, bulwark, dam, rampart, hurdle, restraint, obstruction, handicap, partition, frontier, constraint. ANTONYMS: (n) advantage, opening, passage, aid bars: (n) grinding media, gymnastics, parallel bars baseball: (n) hockey, ball game, ballock, baseball game, football basin: (n) bowl, pot, hollow, washbowl, washbasin, depression, dock, tank, washstand, sink, basinful. ANTONYMS: (n) hill, hump basket: (n) cage, hamper, basketful, creel, Corf, coop, bucket, spinner basket, bassinet, containerful, cradle batch: (n) band, lot, body, battery, charge, suite, squad, heap, bevy, covey, set. ANTONYMS: (n) single, individual bathe: (adj, v) steep, lave, immerse, soak; (v) take a bath, tub, clean, rinse, bath; (n, v) swim; (n) bathing. ANTONYMS: (v) smudge, stain, soil, dip bathed: (adj) sweaty bathhouse: (n) edifice, building, house, bathing machine bathing: (n) bathe, bath, shower, diversion, recreation, dip, washing, wash, purification, washup bats: (adj) nutty, loony, crackers, cracked, barmy, batty, balmy, goofy, wacky, nuts, loopy battered: (adj) worn, damaged, hurt, maltreated, tattered, ragged, shabby, injured; (v) seedy, pulled down, shattered bayou: (n) inlet, estuary, fiord, lake, swamp, cove, fen, marsh; (v) creek, river, stream bead: (n, v) drop; (n) astragal, beading, pearl, dot, necklace, pellet, droplet, beadwork, bubble; (v) beautify beads: (n) pearls, chaplet, censer, pax, patera, host, cross, pyx, reliquary, rood, thurible beard: (v) defy, dare; (adj, v) brave; (adj, n) hair; (n) whiskers, moustache, sloven, facial hair; (n, v) camouflage, disguise, mask. ANTONYM: (n) shaven bearing: (n, v) demeanor; (n) manner,

A Reflection direction, deportment, conduct, attitude, aspect, approach, appearance, respect, air. ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance, irrelevance; (adj) nonbearing beaten: (adj) overpowered, routed, conquered, overcome, prostrate, frothy, trounced, worsted; (v) beat, lose, fail. ANTONYMS: (adj) heartened, uplifted, triumphant, encouraged, loose beating: (n) reverse, defeat, whipping, thrashing, battery, flogging, pounding, pulsation, pulse, rout; (adj) pulsing. ANTONYMS: (n) victory, win bedlam: (n) chaos, madhouse, pandemonium, loony bin, turmoil, muddle, booby hatch, havoc, disturbance, disorder, mayhem. ANTONYMS: (n) order, peace, calm, quiet bedtime: (n) night, gloaming, going down of the sun, dewy eve bees: (n) Apoidea, superfamily Apoidea beethoven: (n) Ludwig van Beethoven beforehand: (adv) previously, ahead, in advance, in anticipation, first; (adj, adv) early, aforehand; (adj) advance, already, afore; (n) prior. ANTONYMS: (adv) afterwards, afterward, later, late, subsequently begging: (n) mendicancy, request, plea; (v) asking, beg; (adj) beseeching, entreating, mendicant, imploring, suppliant, vagabond begone: (int) shoo, scat, out, off, avaunt; (v) take off, get out, clear out; (adv) aside, absent begrimed: (adj) grubby, dirty, besmirched, unclean, raunchy, discolored, grungy, filthy, stained, dingy, soiled. ANTONYM: (adj) clean beholding: (n) fusion, seeing, visual perception, look believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful, basic cognitive process, gullible, Catholic, religious, loyal, certain, Christian, credent belle: (n) beauty, fille, girl, miss, missy bellied: (adj) bulging, ventricous, bellying, bulbous, protuberant, ventricular, ampullated, protrusive bellowing: (n) roaring, roar, bellows, hollo, holloa, rout, yowl, boation, mugiency, hollering; (adj) mugient bells: (n) addition, approval, matrimony, marriage, approbation,

wedding belong: (v) appertain, pertain, lie, go, belong to, attach, dwell, consist, come, rank, stand. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, disagree, disassociate, leave, quit, differ belonging: (adj) appertaining, appertinent, apropos, apposite; (n) household, family, appendage, appurtenance, intimacy, commodity, closeness. ANTONYM: (n) antipathy belongings: (n) property, luggage, baggage, wealth, assets, gear, chattels, personal property, possessions, possession, equipment beloved: (adj, n) dear, darling, favorite, pet; (adj) precious, loved, cherished; (n) love, dearest, honey, sweetheart. ANTONYMS: (adj) detested, despised, disliked belt: (n, v) band, hit, whack, wallop; (n) area, strap, strip, zone, fascia, baldric; (v) beat bench: (n) banquette, chair, workbench, court, terrace, bank, bar, judicatory, Ottoman, board, form bend: (n, v) bow, turn, arch, arc, crook, twist, elbow; (adj, n, v) curve; (v) stoop, crouch; (adj, v) flex. ANTONYMS: (n, v) square; (v) align, unbend, leave bending: (n) bow, bend, deflection, deflexion, refraction, flexure, crook; (adj) flexible, supple, winding, pliant. ANTONYM: (adj) stiff benediction: (n, v) blessing; (n) grace, orison, thanks, communion, doxology, hosanna, invocation, supplication, beatitude; (v) bless. ANTONYMS: (n) damning, malediction, anathema beneficent: (adj) benevolent, kind, philanthropic, good, gracious, munificent, merciful, generous, eleemosynary, bounteous; (n) kindly bent: (adj) curved, arched, deformed, crooked; (n) propensity, inclination, fancy, leaning, flair, gift, curvature. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, inability, aversion; (adj) undetermined, undecided, uncurved, uncaring, rigid, unbent bequeathed: (adj) hereditary besieging: (n) encirclement, Syracuse, Orleans, Atlanta, beleaguering, Corregidor, Lucknow, military blockade betraying: (adj) treacherous, revealing, Judas bewilder: (v) astound, amaze, puzzle, bemuse, baffle, nonplus, befuddle,

Kate Chopin stump; (adj, v) perplex, confound, stun. ANTONYMS: (v) explain, enlighten, inform, sharpen bewildered: (adj) bemused, confused, confounded, perplexed, befuddled, puzzled, dumbfounded, taken aback, addled, disoriented; (adj, v) lost. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressed, clear, oriented, precise, understanding, alert bewildering: (adj) astonishing, puzzling, perplexing, confusing, marvelous, mystifying, amazing, astounding, discomfit, upsetting, staggering. ANTONYMS: (adj) enlightening, simple, soothing bewilderment: (n) astonishment, quandary, confusion, surprise, wonder, bemusement, maze, chaos, jumble, mess; (adj, n) perplexity. ANTONYMS: (n) order, clarity bible: (n) scripture, scriptures, book, Holy Scripture, word of God, good book, bibliography, bibliotheca, Holy Bible, handbook, word billiards: (n) billa, pingpong, pyramids, pool, bagatelle billows: (n) great waters, high seas, offing, watery waste, brine, vapors, clouds, smoke, sea, ocean, main binding: (n) band, dressing, tying, linkage, binder, wrapping, bond; (adj) obligatory, necessary, valid, mandatory. ANTONYMS: (adj) voluntary, alterable, flexible, revocable, unbinding, unconfining, unnecessary, unfastened, temporary birthright: (n) patrimony, inheritance, heritage, claim, right of primogeniture, tradition, legacy, demand, due, entitlement, heirloom biscuit: (n) rusk, hardtack, cooky, cookie, bisque, tea biscuit, almond cookie, wafer, tan, sea bread, oreo bite: (n, v) nip, cut, taste, hurt, pain; (v) pinch, chew, erode, gnaw, eat; (n) morsel. ANTONYMS: (n) lot, whole, mildness biting: (adj, v) acute, acrid, sarcastic, sharp, acrimonious, pungent, severe, cutting; (adj) acid, bitter, barbed. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, blunt, kind, bland, nice, soothing, sweet, hot, complimentary, faint, sympathetic bitter: (adj, v) acrimonious, acrid; (adj) sharp, acid, malicious, caustic, virulent, sour, resentful, keen, acerbic. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, charitable, hot, sugary, kind, wonderful, warm, pleasant, nice, agreeable, gentle

blanched: (adj) ashen, colorless, white, bleached, bloodless, benevolent, wan, pale, lightened, fair, faded blank: (adj) bare, empty, unfilled, pure, vacant, clean; (n) space, blankness, form, vacuity; (v) addle. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, expressive, used, understanding, thoughtful, incomplete, marked, filled, excited, lively, aware blaze: (n, v) flash, glare, flame, mark, scintillation; (n) fire, light, burning, inflammation, sheen; (adj, v) burn blazing: (adj) flaming, afire, burning, ardent, aflame, glaring, bright, blatant, alight, passionate; (n) blaze. ANTONYMS: (adj) freezing, quiet blessed: (adj) happy, holy, cursed, sacred, damned, hallowed, blasted, fortunate, saintly, lucky, divine. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky, condemned, damned, disapproved, unhappy, unholy, secular blessing: (n) benediction, approval, mercy, felicity, benison, benefit, luck, advantage, boon, bless, godsend. ANTONYMS: (n) curse, misfortune, disaster, condemnation, adversity, desecration, refusal, veto, disadvantage blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder, blindly, reckless, unsighted, blindfold, dizzy blindly: (adv) darkly, dimly, blindfoldly, purblindly, obscurely, heedlessly, unreasoningly, blindfold, unsightedly, inconsiderately, ignorantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly, carefully, considerately, purposely blinking: (adj) flickering, bally, blooming; (adj, n) winking; (n) shimmer, blink, wink, twinkling, nictation, blink of an eye, nictitation bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy, pleasure, paradise, blessedness, felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven, blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, sorrow, agony, grief, anguish, sadness, suffering, gloom, hell, dissatisfaction blonde: (adj) fair, golden, fairish, sandy, flaxen; (n) towheaded, person, somebody, someone, soul, buff. ANTONYM: (n) brunette bloodshot: (n) inflamed blossom: (adj, n, v) flower, blow; (n, v) bud; (n) blooming, heyday, efflorescence; (v) prosper, flourish, thrive, progress, unfold. ANTONYMS: (v) wither,

267 deteriorate, struggle, shrivel, shrink, fade, die; (n) withering blotched: (adj) splotched, maculate blotter: (n) blotting paper, day book, paper, police blotter, charge sheet, smelling paper, prison calendar blowing: (n) processing, insufflation, bravado; (v) fanning, blow out; (adj) windy, breezy blown: (adj) puffy, panting, swollen, winded, inflated, moving, high, haughty lofty, late; (v) puffing and blowing; (n) blowen bluegrass: (n) blue grass, bluegrass country blunder: (n, v) mistake, stumble, slip, botch; (adj, n) fault; (n) error, gaffe, trip; (v) fail, fumble; (adj, n, v) miss. ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, correct, accomplish, achieve; (n) achievement blundering: (adj) clumsy, tactless, inept, maladroit, ungainly, unthinking, ridiculous, obtuse, oblivious, lumbering, insensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, sensitive, dexterous blunt: (adj, v) dull, deaden; (adj) bluff, plain, direct, forthright, frank, candid, outspoken, round, abrupt. ANTONYMS: (v) hone, sharpen, point, accentuate, needle; (adj) devious, pointed, thoughtful, polite, guarded, gentle blur: (n, v) blemish, smudge, slur; (v) taint, smear, cloud, obscure, blear, dim; (adj, v) daub; (adj, n) stain. ANTONYMS: (v) sharpen, accentuate, uncloud, purify, focus, define, cleanse, clean blush: (n, v) glow, color; (v) redden, crimson; (n) red, bloom, rosiness, ruddiness, redness; (adj) bashful; (adv) blushingly. ANTONYMS: (v) blanch, pale, blench; (n) paleness blustering: (adj, v) stormy; (adj) raging, blusterous, blustery, turbulent, loud, vaporing, vociferous, noisy, hectoring; (adv) blusteringly boast: (v) bluster, brag, blow, crow, gasconade, show off, rodomontade, exult; (n, v) vaunt, pride; (n) arrogance. ANTONYMS: (n) deprecation; (v) downplay, lack bodice: (n) corsage, stays, corset, brassiere, top, slip, waist, corselet boiling: (adj) hot, ebullient, heated, burning, scalding, torrid, humid; (adj, v) effervescent; (v) seethe, effervesce; (n) ebullience. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, happy,

268 frozen, cooled, cool, collected, calm, fresh, airy boldly: (adj, adv) courageously, valiantly, heroically; (adv) fearlessly, daringly, bravely, intrepidly, impudently, audaciously, shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS: (adv) discreetly, modestly, nervously, hesitantly, shyly, fearfully, meekly, submissively, secretly, respectfully, diffidently bonbon: (n) sweet, jujube, sweetie, chocolate, comfit, sugarplum, sweetmeat, candy, licorice, lollipop, marmalade bonds: (n) securities, stock, stocks, handcuffs, irons, chains, servitude, common stock, confinement, preferred stock bonfire: (n) fire, balefire, blaze, conflagration, firecracker, fireworks, salute, beacon, campfire, feu de joie, flames bonne: (n) ayah, nurse, biddy bonnet: (n) cap, protection, chapeau, tile, wimple, beret, lid, cowling, castor, poke bonnet, sunbonnet bookshelf: (n) bookcase, ledge, bookshelves, shelf, sill boot: (n, v) kick; (n) boots, Wellingtons, bang, gain, jackboot, buskin, kicking, charge, shoe, bootikin bordered: (adj) fringed, edged, delimited, surrounded bore: (v) dig, tire, pierce, tap, annoy, perforate; (n, v) bother, plague; (n) auger, well, gimlet. ANTONYMS: (v) fascinate, excite, hypnotize, engage, entertain, stimulate; (n) charmer, exciter, excitement, pleasure borne: (adj) weak, wanting, spoony, soft, sappy, shallow, little, limited bosom: (n) heart, interior, boob, thorax, chest, bust, tit; (n, v) embrace; (v) cherish, hug; (adj) intimate. ANTONYMS: (n) outside, exteriority bother: (n, v) trouble, torment, worry, hassle, pain; (adj, n, v) fuss, bore; (v) vex, annoy, irritate; (n) nuisance. ANTONYMS: (n, v) delight; (v) soothe, please, help, aid, comfort, placate, encourage, defend; (n) accord, satisfaction bothered: (adj) troubled, disturbed, nervous, distraught, uneasy, concerned, upset, annoyed, harassed, vexed, fazed. ANTONYMS: (adj) peaceful, unconcerned, pleased, serene,

A Reflection untroubled, content bothering: (v) teasing, tormenting, carking; (n) harassment, provocation bough: (n) arm, limb, bow, member, tigella, ramage, offshoot, ramification, spray, sprig, stem bouillon: (v) blackberry, blancmange, bloater, bouilli, chop suey, breadfruit; (n) brewis, beef tea bounty: (adj, n) largesse; (n) abundance, bounteousness, premium, blessing, prize, munificence, beneficence, generosity; (v) benefaction; (n, v) gift. ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, fine, insufficiency, penalty, meanness bourgeois: (adj) conservative; (n) capitalist, burgher, snooks, accountant, bourgeoisie, epicier, cockney, burgess, capitals, caps. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconventional, untraditional, bohemian bout: (n, v) round; (n) attack, spell, turn, competition, fight, battle, fighting, effort, game, fit bowed: (adj) arched, curved, inclined, crooked, arciform, arching, arced, bandy, arcuate, twisted, bended. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, concave, plucked bowing: (n) obeisance, playing, gesticulation, capitulation, genuflection, scraping, submission; (adj) bowed, bent, fawning, submissive boyish: (adj) young, puerile, adolescent, youthful, babyish, childish, girlish, kittenish, boylike, callow, immature. ANTONYM: (adj) mature bracing: (n) brace, backing; (adj) invigorating, brisk, exhilarating, refreshing, tonic, enlivening, cool, benign, energizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) soporific, tiring, debilitating, draining, exhausting, soothing, warm, balmy, still braid: (adj) knit, string, tie; (n, v) twine; (adj, v) embroider, lace; (v) plat; (n) tress, pigtail, ribbon, band brand: (n, v) mark, class; (adj, n, v) stigma; (adj, n) blot, stain; (n) type, blade, brand name, badge, kind, sort. ANTONYMS: (v) praise; (n) honor, glory brandy: (n) applejack, spirits, brandies, liquor, Brandywine, Marc, fruit brandy; (v) brandy smash brass: (n, v) face; (adj, n) boldness; (n) nerve, cheek, administration, audaciousness, insolence, arrogance;

(adj) bronze; (v) assurance, impudence brave: (adj, n) bold, hardy; (adj) audacious, fearless, courageous, virile, intrepid, valiant; (adj, v) endure; (v) defy, face. ANTONYMS: (adj) cowardly, frightened, pathetic, gutless, afraid, cautious, fainthearted, meek, mousy, nervous; (v) skip braving: (n) try, effort, endeavour, facing, attempt, confronting, coping with, grappling, face, tackling brazen: (adj) audacious, impudent, brassy, insolent, bold, brash, impertinent, blatant, flagrant, forward, saucy. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, abashed, prudish, reserved, quiet, discreet, respectful, ashamed, veiled, modest breadth: (n) width, spread, amplitude, wideness, size, length, latitude, extent, area, broadness, stretch. ANTONYMS: (n) length, longitude, emptiness, thinness breast: (n) boob, udder, tit, titty, chest, knocker, mammilla, bust, pap, heart; (n, v) front breathed: (adj) unvoiced, inaudible, breathing, aphonic breathing: (adj) animate, live, living, respiratory, alive, above ground; (v) breathe, respire; (n) respiration, instant, moment. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate, breathless, dead breathless: (adj, adv) out of breath; (adj) panting, inanimate, breathtaking, winded, choking, puffing; (v) all agog, aghast; (adj, n) eager; (n) in hysterics. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, expected, boring breeze: (n) breath, air, gust, gale, flurry, zephyr, rumor, wind, blow, bise; (v) move brewed: (adj) alcoholic, done, meshed brewing: (v) preparing, forthcoming, culinary art, brooding; (n) production; (adj) impending, destined, imminent brick: (n) adobe, block, rough diamond, ugly duckling, lump, unit, red; (adj) trump, concrete; (v) pot, terra cotta bridal: (adj, v) spousal; (adj, n) wedding; (n) nuptials, matrimony, espousal, hymen, marriage ceremony, adoption, betrothal; (v) hymeneal; (adj) marriage. ANTONYM: (adj) unmarried brightening: (n) blooming, polishing, limb, illumination, first blush, break

Kate Chopin of day brightness: (n) luminance, light, shine, clarity, lustre, glow, glare, glitter, luminosity; (n, v) illumination, gloss. ANTONYMS: (n) cloudiness, murkiness, dimness, darkness, mistiness, softness, sadness, bleakness, dirtiness, pessimism; (adv) seriously brilliantly: (adv) brightly, glitteringly, gloriously, superbly, radiantly, shiningly, resplendently, splendidly, magnificently, dazzlingly, vividly. ANTONYMS: (adv) incompetently, terribly, poorly, dimly, badly, abysmally brimming: (adj) teeming, brimful, brimful of, full, brimfull, brimfull of, replete, overflowing, chock-full, spilling over, packed. ANTONYMS: (adj) empty, unfilled broiled: (adj) heated, baked, barbecued, done broker: (n) mediator, go-between, agent, middleman, factor, dealer, attorney, stockbroker, intermediary, merchant, bailiff brokerage: (n) brokerage house, brokage, business, wharfage, concern, freightage, workplace, work, intermediary, agency, tax bronze: (adj, n, v) tan; (n) brown, brass, sculpture, statuette; (v) terra cotta, discolour, discolor, marble, plate; (adj) bronzed brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think, incubate; (n) offspring, issue, progeny, young, posterity, family; (adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v) reassure, delight, console broom: (v) sweep, to sweep, bream, shovel, rake, screen, sieve; (n) brush, Scots heather, Calluna vulgaris, heath brow: (n) peak, brink, brows, height, summit, forehead, eyebrow, edge, crown, brim, border. ANTONYM: (n) trough brows: (n) brow browsing: (n) feeding, eating, reading, bruting bruised: (adj) wounded, hurt, raw, sore, livid, tender, sensitive, rotten, surbet, sore to the touch, painful brush: (n, v) broom, touch, kiss; (v) sweep, polish, graze, clean; (n) brushwood, conflict, copse, encounter brushed: (adj) napped, fleecy brushing: (n) brush, slashing, hairdressing, rub, striking, combing; (adj) ripping. ANTONYM: (n) set

brutality: (n) atrocity, barbarity, violence, cruelty, ferocity, savageness, harshness, callousness, viciousness, ferociousness, savagery. ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness, kindness, caring, gentility, humaneness, humanity brute: (adj) brutal, harsh, gruff, brutish; (adj, n) animal, savage; (n) barbarian, fiend, creature, monster; (adv) beastly. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, refined, mild, gentle; (n) gentleman bucket: (n) pail, container, bucketful, scoop, tankard, pipkin, skeel, mug, pan, can; (v) rain cats and dogs buffalo: (n) American bison, bison bison, anoa, American buffalo, zebu, yak, metropolis, Cape buffalo, city; (v) cow, bully buffet: (n, v) blow, cuff, hit, smack, buff; (v) beat, batter, knock, punch; (n) restaurant, canteen buggy: (adj) nutty, kooky, loony, loopy, balmy; (n) cart, pushchair, trap, truck, pram, random bulged: (adj) bulgy, convex bulky: (adj) large, unwieldy, great, huge, ample, fat, extensive, corpulent, heavy, gross; (adj, adv) portly. ANTONYMS: (adj) compact, manageable, thin, insubstantial, miniature, tiny, wieldy, slight, light, slim bumpy: (adj) uneven, rugged, jagged, jolty, knobby, irregular, scabrous, not level, lopsided, jolting, jumpy. ANTONYMS: (adj) flat, smooth, comfortable, even, level bunch: (n, v) crowd, clump, pack, bundle, group, huddle; (n) batch, lot, band, troop, gang. ANTONYMS: (v) spread, separate, scatter; (n) individual bundle: (n, v) pack, cluster, clump, wad; (n) sheaf, pile, batch, stack, package, group, heap. ANTONYMS: (v) scatter, separate, disperse, divide bungling: (adj) clumsy, maladroit, incompetent, gawky, unskilled, bumbling, inept, ungainly, bunglesome, untrained, unproductive. ANTONYMS: (adj) competent, efficient buoy: (v) uphold, encourage, bolster, sustain, cheer, buoy up, inspire, give a lift, weigh mount; (adj) float; (n) signal. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage; (n) drown, sink buoyant: (adj) cheerful, light, optimistic, lighthearted, airy, hopeful, floaty, bright, blithe, elastic;

269 (adj, n) sanguine. ANTONYMS: (adj) heavy, weighted, down, depressed, somber, miserable, serious, melancholy, downbeat bureau: (n) office, authority, chest, division, department, desk, dresser, commode, chest of drawers, chambers, burr buried: (adj) hidden, covert, interred, underground, inhumed, profound, covered, ulterior; (v) perdu, imbed, embed. ANTONYMS: (adj) explicit, overt burn: (adj, v) glow; (n, v) bite, fire, sunburn; (v) sting, scorch, incinerate, blaze, flare, ignite, cremate. ANTONYMS: (v) smother, give, subdue, help, quench, repay, stifle, extinguish, wet burned: (adj) baked, scorched, tempered, sore, hurt, heated, hardened, destroyed, bleak, parched, adust burning: (adj) blazing, ablaze, boiling, afire, flaming, hot; (n) combustion, firing; (adj, n) passionate, zealous, glowing. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, trivial, cool, out, painless, quenched, soothing, unimportant, apathetic, insignificant, unconcerned burnt: (adj) adust, heated, baked, torrid, sunburnt, seared, scorched, well done, tempered, overdone, combust. ANTONYMS: (adj) underdone, unburned, wet bursting: (adj) explosive, teeming, chock-full, full, complete, paroxysmal, exploding, disruptive, detonating, crowded; (n) outbreak. ANTONYM: (adj) hungry bury: (v) inter, overwhelm, lay to rest, hide, mask, secrete, conceal, cloak, entomb, suppress; (n) burial. ANTONYMS: (v) exhume, unearth, uncover, dig, disclose, distract, expose, ignore, reveal, air, remember burying: (n) entombment, inhumation busily: (adv) actively, occupiedly, briskly, industriously, engagedly, energetically, assiduously, lively, officiously, fussily, meddlesomely. ANTONYM: (adv) inactively bust: (adj) broke; (n, v) arrest, tear, capture, raid; (adj, v) bankrupt; (v) break, burst; (n) flop, thorax, heart. ANTONYMS: (adj) solvent; (v) mend, fix, exonerate, aid, help, free, repair bustling: (adj) lively, busy,

270 boisterous, buzzing, brisk, alive, vibrant, noisy, tumultuous; (v) stirring, full of incident. ANTONYM: (adj) inactive butcher: (v) slaughter, kill, murder, slay; (n, v) massacre, botch; (n) assassin, bungler, slaughterer, meatman, murderer. ANTONYMS: (v) develop, create, grow, build butter: (v) gloze, slaver, flatter; (adj) butyraceous, dough, pudding; (n) fat, scrapper, fighter, oil, tallow button: (n, v) knob; (adj, n) tie; (n) knop, push button, push, key, fastening, clasp, bud, buckle; (v) fasten buttons: (n) bellboy, peyote buzzing: (n) noise, murmur; (adj) humming, abuzz, bustling, lively, droning, purring, vibrant, vivacious, full of beans bygone: (adj) ancient, former, gone, obsolete, outmoded, previous, archaic, old, late; (n) preterite, antique. ANTONYMS: (adj) future, current, coming, modern cabin: (n) booth, cabana, cot, lodge, stall, shed, chamber, bothy, room, apartment, cell. ANTONYMS: (n) chateau, mansion, palace cable: (n) line, telegram, cablegram, ribbon, twine, cord, guy, cable television; (n, v) wire, report; (v) telegraph cabriolet: (n) cab, drosky, hansom, growler, equipage, carriage, rig, droshki, stage wagon, car, fly cage: (n, v) jail; (n) basket, birdcage, hutch, gaol, frame, corral, cell; (v) confine, imprison, enclose. ANTONYMS: (v) release; (n) freedom, liberation calculating: (adj) scheming, sly, shrewd, crafty, calculative, wily, wary, discreet, devious; (n) calculation; (adj, v) wise. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncalculating, unassuming, reckless, artless, rash, guileless, candid, unconscious calculation: (n) account, analysis, estimate, forecast, computation, deliberation, arithmetic, assessment, projection; (adj, n) discretion; (v) estimation. ANTONYM: (n) ingenuousness caliber: (n) quality, calibre, diameter, class, amplitude, size, degree, status, superiority, diam, radius. ANTONYM: (n) inability calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly, serenely, placidly, sedately, smoothly, peacefully, easily,

A Reflection undisturbedly, steadily. ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously, hysterically, nervously, agitatedly, uncontrollably, histrionically, restlessly, frantically, irritably, emotionally, tensely camaraderie: (n) companionship, fellowship, friendship, friendliness, closeness, familiarity, sociability, association, brotherhood, fraternity, amity. ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, dislike, antagonism, coldness, enmity, animosity camomile: (n) chamomile, Anthemis nobilis, herb canal: (n) channel, conduit, duct, sound, culvert, adit, trench, sewer, passage, watercourse, pipe candelabra: (n) candlestick, chandelier, sconce, electrolier, branched candlestick, gaselier candidly: (adv) openly, ingenuously, sincerely, outspokenly, honestly, forthrightly, straightforwardly, plainly, bluntly, directly; (adj, adv) freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) deceitfully, hesitantly, dishonestly, untruthfully, guardedly, ambiguously, shyly candle: (n) candela, light, taper, bougie, CD, candlepower, lamp, wax light, Standard candle; (v) examine, illuminate candor: (adj, n) honesty, sincerity, truth, abandon, fidelity, uprightness; (n) frankness, integrity, fairness, candidness, outspokenness. ANTONYMS: (n) unfairness, indirectness, deception, doublespeak, delicacy, conformity, caution, tact candy: (n) bonbon, sweet, toffee, taffy, sugarplum, sugar candy, praline, lozenge, confection, lollipop; (adj, n) cake cane: (n, v) scourge, whip; (v) flog, beat, birch, thrash, lash; (n) stick, bat, rattan, twig cannon: (n) clash, carom, gun, shank, basilisk, gun of position, carambole, carronade, culverin, field piece, howitzer canopy: (n) awning, baldachin, screen, tester, sunshade, marquee, blast deflector, shade, ceiling, cloth, cab shield capability: (n) ability, aptitude, abilities, potential, capableness, gift, competence, power, qualification, faculty, potency. ANTONYMS: (n) failure, incapability, incompetence, incapableness, insufficiency,

inexperience cape: (n) headland, ness, shawl, tippet, coat, point, mantelet, promontory, mantle, capellet, capeskin caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor, quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit, capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS: (n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality capricious: (adj) fanciful, whimsical, irregular, freakish, arbitrary, fickle, changeable, impulsive, volatile, variable, unpredictable. ANTONYMS: (adj) dependable, predictable, stable, steady, steadfast, placid, logical, fixed, consistent, serious caps: (n) brevier, bourgeois, pica boldface captivating: (adj, v) enchanting, charming, engaging; (adj) attractive, absorbing, alluring, bewitching, delightful, engrossing, lovely, enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj) repellent, boring, unpleasant, unappealing, forgettable, annoying carafe: (n) bottle, jug, container, flask, flagon, pitcher, container for liquid, thermos, water jug, hip flask carefulness: (n) care, precision, conscientiousness, prudence, diligence, cautiousness, discretion, frugality, thrift, attentiveness, exactness. ANTONYMS: (n) recklessness, negligence, impulsiveness, incaution, extravagance, foolishness, neglect, messiness careless: (adj) forgetful, inattentive, insouciant, haphazard, cursory, reckless, lax, unwary, sloppy; (adj, adv) thoughtless; (adj, v) heedless. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, prudent, meticulous, thoughtful, diligent, attentive, thorough, wary, guarded, methodical, strict carelessness: (n) negligence, inattention, indifference, nonchalance, thoughtlessness, abandon, incaution, disregard, omission, forgetfulness, dereliction. ANTONYMS: (n) attention, caution, alertness, vigilance, carefulness, thoughtfulness, assiduousness, economy, regard, prudence, forethought caress: (v) stroke, fondle, tickle, pat, pet, kiss, nuzzle, cuddle, coddle; (n, v) touch; (n) endearment. ANTONYM: (n) hit caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n) petting, foreplay, stimulation,

Kate Chopin dalliance, smooching, snuggling, arousal, hugging, cuddling caring: (adj) tender, affectionate, loving, fond, compassionate, concerned, sympathetic, kind, solicitous, considerate, obliging. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, unfeeling, callous, flippant, unkind, inhumane, hardhearted, unhelpful, thoughtless, rough, paternal carpet: (v) cover, drape, rebuke, encase, row, chew out; (n) rug, carpeting, tapis, runner, covering carpets: (n) carpeting carriage: (n) attitude, conveyance, cab, air, walk, position, mien, shipping; (n, v) transport, behavior, port carriages: (n) carriage casting: (n) cast, hurl, pouring, molding, teeming, block, Malleable castings, fling, to throw something a long distance, flinging, pelt casual: (adj) adventitious, careless, chance, occasional, nonchalant, irregular, easy, cursory, coincidental, passing, random. ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate, formal, thorough, careful, rushed, premeditated, predetermined, planned, serious, permanent, intense cathedral: (n) church, temple, place of worship, house of worship; (adj) authoritative, parochial, official, cathedralic catholic: (adj) liberal, general, universal, Christian, prevailing, broad-minded, tolerant, scriptural, schismless, divine; (n) Roman. ANTONYMS: (adj) sectarian, limited, parochial, provincial, conservative caution: (n) advice, carefulness, warning, wariness, precaution, vigilance, prudence, admonition, commandment; (v) warn, advise. ANTONYMS: (n) carelessness, rashness, incaution, honesty, foolishness, encouragement, irresponsibility, openness, approval; (v) dare, approve cautiously: (adv) guardedly, prudently, warily, circumspectly, charily, discreetly, vigilantly, timidly, attentively, watchfully, sparingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) openly, irresponsibly, imprudently, bravely, recklessly, incautiously, thoughtlessly, wastefully, tactlessly, rashly, liberally cavalry: (n) cavalier, voltigeur, uhlan,

hussar, troops, soldiery, mounted rifles, light horse, horse artillery, dragoon, horse cavalry cavern: (n) hollow, cove, vault, hole, enclosure, antrum, lair, antre, socket, den; (v) cavern out cayenne: (n) red pepper, Chile, chilly, chili peppers, capsicum annuum longum, cayenne pepper, flavorer, seasoner, flavoring, seasoning, flavouring cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, terminate, break, break off, close, conclude, discontinue, abstain. ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, commence, persist, stay ceased: (adj) finished ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence ceiling: (n) cap, limit, maximum, overhead, upper limit, top, roof, limitation, confine, tile, thatch. ANTONYMS: (n) minimum, floor celestine: (n) Celestinian cello: (n) violoncello, string, bowed stringed instrument center: (n, v) centre, focus; (adj, n) middle; (n) heart, core, pivot, midst, kernel, substance, seat; (v) concentrate. ANTONYMS: (n) edge, outside, exterior, circumference; (adj, n) border; (adj) extreme, right, left; (v) scatter, dissipate, disperse centered: (adj) centralized, focused, concentrated, central, focussed, deep, centralised ceremony: (n) courtesy, celebration, ceremonial, parade, pomp, rite, ceremonies, manners, custom, ritual, pageant. ANTONYMS: (n) modesty, understatement chained: (adj) in chains, enchained, bound chains: (n) fetters, bond, chain, bonds, handcuffs, irons, manacles, shackles, iron, confine, trammel chairs: (n) seats chamber: (n) hall, bedchamber, cavity, cell, council, compartment, assembly, apartment, ventricle, dormitory, cubicle champagne: (v) chain lightning, cocktail; (n) sparkling wine, blonde channels: (n) canals, course, form, routine, conduct, process, method chaos: (n) disarray, jumble, maze, mess, muddle, clutter, uproar, disorder, bedlam, pandemonium, mix-up. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, orderliness, regulation, regularity, organization, tranquility, serenity, neatness, calm chaotic: (adj) messy, hectic,

271 disorganized, confused, wild, turbulent, untidy, disordered, haphazard, cluttered; (adj, adv) topsy-turvy. ANTONYMS: (adj) orderly, organized, calm, systematic, harmonized, ordered, tidy, sensible, peaceful, mellow characteristic: (adj, v) typical, representative; (adj) individual, distinctive, original, specific; (n) sign, attribute, character, point; (adj, n) peculiar. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, unusual, untypical, rare, abnormal, typical, atypical charm: (n, v) allure, captivate, appeal, spell, fascinate, bewitch, conjure; (adj, v) attract; (n) amulet; (v) enchant, entrance. ANTONYMS: (n) ugliness, repulsion, repulsiveness, awkwardness, hatefulness, unpleasantness; (v) repulse, offend, irritate, disgust, bore charmed: (adj) enchanted, delighted, fascinated, spellbound, entranced, captive, beguiled, infatuated, absorbed, enamored, captive hours charming: (adj) beautiful, lovely, captivating, winning, attractive, enchanting, delightful, pleasing, nice, magic, cute. ANTONYMS: (adj) repellent, unpleasant, unappealing, repulsive, charmless, disgusting, gross, irritating, offensive, uninteresting, annoying charms: (n) trinkets, jewelry, jewels chasm: (n) breach, gap, hiatus, gulf, ravine, hole, abysm, vacancy, canyon, aperture, emptiness. ANTONYMS: (n) junction, closure chastity: (n) honor, purity, abstinence, virtue, innocence, chasteness, continence, modesty, cleanliness, austerity; (adj) honesty. ANTONYMS: (n) nymphomania, lewdness, adultery chattering: (n) chatter, cackle, yak, grabbing, claver; (adj) talkative, loquacious, noisy, gabby, garrulous; (v) natter chatty: (adj) gabby, garrulous, loquacious, familiar, informal, communicative, gossipy, voluble, talky, conversable, expansive. ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, quiet, formal, silent, laconic, reticent, restrained, reserved checked: (adj) checkered, chequered, check, plaid, examine, temperate, tartan, silent, safe, pent-up, numbered checkered: (adj) check, chequered, varied, ever changing, motley, plaid,

272 dappled, variable, mutable, multicolored, mottled checkers: (n) checker, dominos, go bang, solitaire, chequers, board game, chessboard, backgammon, misere chess checking: (n) examination, verification, audit, inspection, scrutiny, going-over, arrest, interference, supervision, collation, approval of plans cheek: (n) audacity, nerve, brass, boldness, impertinence, face, lip, mouth, gall, insolence, impudence. ANTONYMS: (n) respect, cowardice, timidity, humbleness, meekness, reticence, seriousness; (v) praise cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet cheerful: (adj, v) buoyant; (adj) breezy, merry, optimistic, pleasant, glad, blithe, carefree, bright, lively, happy. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, gloomy, sad, depressing, grim, hopeless, miserable, morose, somber, dejected, unwelcoming cheerfully: (adj, adv) gladly; (adv, v) happily; (adv) merrily, readily, brightly, jovially, cheerily, genially, chirpily, lively, blithely. ANTONYMS: (adv) bleakly, dismally, grimly, sullenly, unhappily, somberly, sadly, grudgingly, gloomily, dourly, forlornly cheerfulness: (n) glee, happiness, exhilaration, hilarity, mirth, merriment, gladness, cheer, good spirits, pleasure, joviality. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, grimness, seriousness, misery, resentment, uncheerfulness, solemnity, lethargy, bleakness, gravity, gloominess cheerless: (adj) sad, dismal, dark, drab, dreary, gloomy, dull, murky, dispiriting; (adj, v) disconsolate, joyless. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, happy, uplifting, lighthearted, sunny, smart, cheery, warm cherish: (v) care for, nurture, treasure, entertain, cultivate, bosom, prize, esteem, harbor; (n, v) hug, foster. ANTONYMS: (v) hate, scorn, reject, denounce, despise, neglect cherished: (adj) dear, precious, loved, treasured, prized, intimate, wanted, valued, pet, valuable, close. ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable, hated, distant chess: (n) chess game, chess set, cheat, shogi, cheater, cheating,

A Reflection brome, bromegrass, bearded darnel, checkers, board game chicken: (n) fowl, hen, broiler, coward, cock, poultry, weakling, nestling; (adj) yellow, fearful, chicken-hearted. ANTONYM: (n) daredevil chickens: (n) Galliformes, order Galliformes chiding: (n) scolding, rebuke, blame, reprehension, rap, censure, upbraiding, wigging, brawl, admonition; (adv) scoldingly chiefly: (adv) principally, primarily, above all, especially, headly, mostly, largely, primely, predominantly; (adj, adv) mainly, particularly. ANTONYM: (adv) partially childish: (adj) childlike, naive, babyish, immature, simple, puerile, infantile, juvenile, silly, frivolous, young. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, old, wise, adult, jaded childishly: (adv) foolishly, babyishly, silly, infantilely, stupidly, immaturely, simplely, juvenilely, absurdly, ridiculously, frivolously chill: (adj, v) cool; (adj, n) cold; (adj) bleak, icy, chilly, frosty, depressing; (v) freeze, dispirit, damp; (n) coolness. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) warm; (n) warmth, warmness; (v) encourage, hearten, inspirit, thaw; (adj) hot, gregarious, friendly, sociable chilled: (adj) frozen, freezing, cool, refrigerated, icy, inhibited, restrained, confined, shivering, iced, stiff chilly: (adj, adv) unfriendly; (adv) coolly, frigidly; (adj) cool, bleak, algid, freezing, frozen, icy, frosty; (adj, n) cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) hot, tropical, responsive, mild, welcoming, friendly, balmy, torrid chiming: (v) mocking chimney: (n) fireplace, smokestack, shaft, flue, hearth, vent, lamp chimney, chimneys, nostril, throat, weasand chimneys: (n) chimney chin: (n) jaw, Kuki, jawbone, lineament, rap, jowl; (v) elevate, speak, chin up, confer, bring up chips: (n) money, potato crisps, sticks, featherings, coin chloroform: (adj) anaesthetic agent, opium, ether; (n) put under, chloral; (v) deaden, anesthetize, anaesthetize chocolate: (n) bonbon, hot chocolate, cocoa, burnt umber, sweet, candy; (n, v) coffee; (adj) brunette, tan,

tawny; (v) tea choir: (n) quire, chancel, choral society, choral group, crypt, Golgotha, nave, transept, vestry, chorister, ensemble choking: (n) strangulation, throttling, slugging, asphyxiation; (adj) suffocative, suffocating, smothering, breathless, clogging, bitter, blinding chop: (n, v) chip, slice, cut; (v) mince, slash, whittle, hash, hack, cleave, hew, chop up choppy: (adj) fickle, disconnected, inconstant, turbulent, variable, changing, jerky, spasmodic, wild, stormy, uneven. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, glassy, serene chords: (n) key, clef chubby: (adj) fat, plump, fleshy, round, pudgy, stout, chunky, heavy, tubby, overweight, ample. ANTONYMS: (adj) skinny, slim, bony, anorexic, slender cicatrice: (n) cicatrix, callus, symptom, scar tissue, keloid cigar: (n) cheroot, cigars, smoke, cigarette, corona, panatela, panetella, segar, cigarillo cigarette: (adj) cigar; (n) tobacco, fag, butt, can, coffin nail, cubeb, scroll, buttocks, reefer, butt joint cigarettes: (n) tobacco, cigaret cigars: (n) cigar circlet: (n) bracelet, crown, tiara, armlet, ring, annulet, roundlet, round, wristlet, wreath, hoop circling: (v) snaky, serpentine; (adj) rotating, spinning, circular, spiral, moving; (n) circulation, circuit, cycling; (adv) around cistern: (n) water tank, sump, storage tank, reservoir, container, cesspool, sac, pond, pool, sink, cesspit clad: (adj) dressed, attired, clothed, coated, garbed; (n) cladding; (prep) gowned; (v) costume, shod, dress, attire. ANTONYMS: (adj) undressed, unclothed clammy: (adj) viscous, sweaty, sticky, muggy, moist, humid, damp, viscid, sultry, dank; (n) ropy. ANTONYMS: (adj) arid, dried, fresh clamor: (n, v) outcry, cry, clamour, hullabaloo, roar, shout; (n) noise, racket, uproar, exclamation, hubbub. ANTONYMS: (n) silence, serenity, tranquility; (v) whisper, mutter clamoring: (n) clamouring, clamour, blare, blaring, hue and cry, cacophony; (adj) brawling, bawling, blatant

Kate Chopin claret: (v) cider, Brazil tea, ice water; (n) blood, red wine, Bordeaux, red; (adj) dark red, burgundy, cherry, crimson clashing: (adj, n) discordant; (n) collision, interference, antagonism, discord; (adj) conflicting, incompatible, opposed, contrary; (adv) clashingly; (v) bickering. ANTONYM: (adj) consistent clasping: (adj) tendril classic: (adj) classical, ancient, typical, exemplary, ideal, archetypal, representative, chaste; (adj, n) model; (n) classics, masterpiece. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncharacteristic, new, unconventional, worst, poor, irregular, inferior, abnormal, radical, minor, tentative classics: (n) classic, literature, belles lettres, letters, humanities, dead languages, classics of literature, republic of letters, muses, polite literature, literae humaniores clatter: (n, v) rattle, jingle, bang, clank, clang, roll, clink; (v) clash, chatter; (n) noise, racket. ANTONYM: (n) quiet clattering: (n) crash; (adj) clattery clematis: (n) blue jasmine clementine: (n) clementine tree clergyman: (n) minister, chaplain, priest, pastor, churchman, preacher, parson, rector, dominie, vicar; (adj) divine. ANTONYMS: (n) layman, layperson clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary, transcriber; (n) servant, shop assistant, salesclerk, employee, accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener, scribe clever: (adj) capable, acute, intelligent, able, apt, expert, skillful, cunning, sharp; (adj, v) brilliant, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) clumsy, unintelligent, dim, dull, inept, thick, naive, idiotic, moronic, incompetent, open cleverly: (adv) cunningly, expertly, smartly, shrewdly, adroitly, intelligently, dexterously, handily, craftily, skillfully, acutely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clumsily, foolishly, honestly, ineptly, awkwardly, openly, incompetently cleverness: (n) ingenuity, adroitness, wisdom, aptitude, acumen, intelligence, skill, dexterity, astuteness, brightness, smartness. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, clumsiness, imbecility, foolishness, ineptness, simplicity,

straightforwardness, uselessness, frankness click: (n, v) clack, tick; (n) catch, chink, dog, detent, pawl, clink; (v) chatter, beat, cluck climax: (n, v) peak, crown; (n) top, zenith, culmination, acme, height, summit, pinnacle, meridian; (adj, n) orgasm. ANTONYMS: (v) dip, drop, delve; (n) low, nadir, bathos, anticlimax, comedown, base, trough, prelude climb: (v) ascend, arise, scale, escalate, go up, scramble; (n, v) clamber, mount, increase; (n) ascent, jump. ANTONYMS: (n, v) drop; (n) descent; (v) wane, dismount, plummet climbing: (n) climb, ascension, mounting, mountain climbing, mountaineering, rock climbing, acclivity; (v) ascending, uprise, arise; (adj) scandent clinging: (adj) adhering, sticky, adherent, devoted, adhering closely, affectionate, dependent, tenacious, osculant; (n) coherence cloak: (n, v) veil, mask, camouflage, wrap, masquerade, screen, pall; (n) cape; (v) conceal, dissemble, hide. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, uncloak, unmask; (n, v) uncover closet: (n) cupboard, cubicle, cell, latrine, bathroom, wardrobe, water closet; (adj) clandestine, confidential, secret, private. ANTONYM: (adj) open closing: (n) end, finish, conclusion, close, ending, shutting, finishing; (adj) ultimate, last, final, terminal. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) opening; (adj) first cloth: (n) drapery, fabric, clothes, clothing, rag, stuff, linen, tapestry, silk, flannel; (v) napkin clothing: (n) attire, threads, outfit, gear, dress, cloth, duds, habit, wear; (n, v) apparel, vesture clouds: (n) exhaust, fumes, gas, smoke, vapors cloudy: (adj) dull, gloomy, nebulous, murky, dark, turbid, foggy, muddy, misty, sunless, vaporous. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, bright, sunny, cloudless clown: (n) fool, joker, jester, boor, harlequin, joke, comedian, rustic, comic, acrobat; (v) antic cluck: (v) cackle, clack, click, chuckle, utter, emit, chuck, fuss, blab, clatter; (n, v) cry clumsily: (adv) awkwardly, ineptly,

273 crudely, ungracefully, maladroitly, gawkily, inelegantly, gauchely, inexpertly, unwieldily, roughly. ANTONYMS: (adv) skillfully, cleverly, coherently, deftly, elegantly, gracefully, carefully, expertly, competently, tactfully, urbanely cluster: (n, v) clump, bundle, huddle, group, crowd; (n) batch, agglomeration, gang, collection, tuft; (v) collect. ANTONYMS: (v) dissemble, scatter; (n) individual clutch: (n, v) clasp, grip, clench, grasp, hold, clinch, gripe; (v) grab, grapple, embrace; (adj, v) catch. ANTONYMS: (n) loose; (v) release, unfasten clutching: (n) locking coachman: (n) teamster, cabman, charioteer, carter, carman, Jehu, postboy, drayman, wagoner, postilion; (v) whip coals: (n) ashes, fire, residue, embers coarse: (adj) vulgar, boorish, rough, brutal, crude, gross, common, earthy, blunt, bawdy; (adj, v) harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, refined, smooth, polite, soft, civil, cultured, delicate, fine, genteel, gentlemanly cocktail: (n) bullshot, mixture, combination, cocktail party, concoction, blend, mix, pink lady, beverage; (v) chain lightning, champagne coddle: (v) baby, cosset, indulge, pamper, spoil, cocker, mollycoddle, coax, cherish, pet; (n, v) caress. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, deny coerced: (adj) bound coercion: (n) force, compulsion, duress, pressure, restraint, threat, terrorism, extortion, enforcement, intimidation, violence. ANTONYMS: (n) wish, volition, liberty coil: (n, v) spiral, curl, roll, circle, loop, reel; (v) round, wind, involve; (adj, v) twist; (adj) coiling. ANTONYMS: (v) uncoil, untwist, unwind, straighten coiled: (adj) curled, curved, twined, coiling, twisted, convoluted, rolled, wavy, bent, round; (adj, v) spiral. ANTONYM: (adj) uncoiled coiling: (v) to coil; (adj) coiled, spiral, spiraling, whorled, sinuous, volute, voluted, turbinate; (n) twisting, convolution coin: (v) invent, mint, originate, create, strike, cast; (n, v) forge; (n)

274 specie, money, penny, piece coldly: (adv) frigidly, icily, coolly, indifferently, frostily, distantly, gelidly, reservedly, bleakly, wintrily, frozenly. ANTONYMS: (adv) warmly, affectionately, sympathetically, sensitively, kindly, cheerfully, emotionally coldness: (n) chilliness, coolness, indifference, distance, apathy, iciness, reserve, frost, frigidity, unconcern; (adj, n) cold. ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness, sympathy, sensitivity, hotness, heat, responsiveness, concern, brightness, kindness collar: (n, v) arrest, catch, capture, pinch; (n) choker, ruff, lapel; (v) apprehend, nail, grab, clutch. ANTONYMS: (v) free, release collectively: (adv) together, generally, conjointly, communally, aggregately, unitedly, mutually, commonly, altogether, corporately, cooperatively. ANTONYMS: (adv) alone, individually cologne: (n) Koln, eau de Cologne, scent, fragrance, essence, eau de toilette, Cologne water colonel: (n) captain, coronel color: (n, v) flush, blush, tint, tinge, paint, stain; (adj, n, v) colour; (v) redden; (n) guise, complexion; (adj, n) tone. ANTONYMS: (v) discolor, pale, show, whiten, untwist, denote, depict, represent, blanch, blench colored: (adj) chromatic, black, tinged, tinted, colorful, dyed, coloured, partial, dark, bleached, biased. ANTONYMS: (adj) truthful, white, uncolored, unbiased, pale, objective, honest, genuine, real coloring: (n) color, paint, coloration, tint, colouring, dye, complexion, pigment, colour, dyeing, colouration colorless: (adj) achromatic, neutral, drab, dull, monotonous, wan, tame, pallid, bloodless, white, colourless. ANTONYMS: (adj) rosy, interesting, rich, vivid, brilliant, vibrant, stimulating, lively, glamorous, exciting, distinctive colors: (n) flag, colours, paints, banner, color, colour, ensign, pigment, tint, dye, paint comb: (v) brush, ransack, search, dress, eliminate, groom; (adj) weed; (n) crest, combing, caruncle, currycomb combing: (n) hairdressing, search, combing waste, cockscomb comedian: (n) clown, buffoon, comic,

A Reflection actor, joker, performer, jester, entertainer, zany, comedians, jokester comedy: (n) play, humor, drollery, show, clowning, drama, wittiness, slapstick, jesting, interlude, hilarity. ANTONYMS: (n) melodrama, seriousness, solemnity comfortably: (adv) easily, pleasantly, cosily, conveniently, easy, snugly, richly, advantageously, leisurely, well, wealthily. ANTONYMS: (adv) uncomfortably, awkwardly, unpleasantly comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased, comfortable, calmed comic: (n) clown, joker, buffoon, zany; (adj) comical, amusing, laughable, humorous, burlesque, funny, absurd. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, serious comical: (adj) funny, comic, laughable, absurd, humorous, ridiculous, zany, droll, jocose, grotesque, jocular. ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, sad, grave, solemn, unfunny, dull, sensible commanded: (adj) lawful commanding: (adj) imperative, imperious, peremptory, bossy, imposing, ascendant, compelling, magnificent; (adj, n) grand, impressive; (adv) commandingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, unassertive, indecisive, unimpressive, insignificant, subservient commiseration: (n) pity, compassion, sympathy, condolence, ruth, mercy, commiserate, bowels, consolation, fellow feeling, acknowledgement commodious: (adj) capacious, wide, roomy, spacious, comfortable, voluminous, extensive, useful, large; (adj, v) convenient, easy. ANTONYMS: (adj) small, uncomfortable, tight, incommodious, confined, squeezed commonplace: (adj, v) trite, hackneyed; (adj) banal, ordinary, humdrum, common, average, plain, mundane, dull; (n) platitude. ANTONYMS: (adj) extraordinary, unusual, exceptional, infrequent, rare, romantic, uncommon, weird; (n) deepness, profundity, profoundness commotion: (n) tumult, ado, disturbance, turmoil, stir, din, flurry, fuss, bedlam, tempest; (n, v) agitation. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, order, calm, serenity, calmness,

stillness, quiet, tranquility, inactivity companion: (adj, n) associate; (n) colleague, buddy, mate, peer, chum, partner, fellow, comrade, assistant, brother. ANTONYMS: (n) foe, stranger, adversary companionable: (adj) sociable, affable, convivial, gregarious, cordial, clubbable, congenial, friendly, jovial, genial, cosey. ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty, antagonistic, cold, unfriendly, different, frosty, shy, hostile companions: (n) circle, entourage, people comparatively: (adv) rather, somewhat, reasonably, quite, approximately, some, pretty, fairly, to some extent, to a certain extent, moderately. ANTONYM: (adv) absolutely compare: (adj, v) liken; (v) confront, equate, to compare, associate, contrast, correlate, equalize, resemble, equal; (n, v) comparison. ANTONYMS: (v) imbalance, contrast compartment: (n) cell, division, cabin, cubicle, separation, cubbyhole, booth, cockpit, cab, bay; (v) partition compass: (n) scope, range, room, extent, area, circumference, reach; (n, v) round, grasp, circle; (v) get. ANTONYM: (v) lose compelled: (adj) forced, obligate, enforced, constrained, responsible, answerable, unwilling, destined compelling: (adj) forcible, effective, forceful, captivating, commanding, powerful, stringent, convincing, fascinating, compulsive, cogent. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, boring, unconvincing, dull, repellent complacency: (n) contentment, conceit, satisfaction, self-satisfaction, comfort, entire satisfaction, peace of mind, gratification; (adj) amiability, soft tongue, mansuetude complainingly: (adv) querulously, petulantly, grumpily, grouchily, peevishly, crabbily, crossly, tetchily, cantankerously, crankily, complaining. ANTONYM: (adv) calmly completing: (adj) complementary, complemental, final, unessential, definitive, consummative; (n) finishing, carrying out, implementation complexion: (n, v) tint; (n) cast, character, appearance, look, hue, aspect, flush, glow, dye, fashion

Kate Chopin compliments: (n) respects, commendation, wish, greetings, salutation, respect, applause, flattery, acclamation, regards, approbation composed: (adj) calm, dispassionate, cool, peaceable, pacific, staid, imperturbable, temperate, level, impassive, unflappable. ANTONYMS: (adj) distressed, trembling, nervous, excited, tense, ruffled, jumpy, intemperate, discomposed, upset, worried composing: (v) compose, comprise, constitute; (adj, v) component; (n) composition, arranging, arrangement, placement, makeup, constitution, manufacturing composure: (n) calmness, serenity, poise, calm, equanimity, temper, aplomb, tranquillity, peace, temperament, disposition. ANTONYMS: (n) panic, discomposure, anger, nervousness, perturbation, anxiety, agitation, turbulence, awkwardness comprehend: (v) grasp, catch, see, comprise, appreciate, feel, sense, apperceive, read; (adj, v) understand; (n, v) embrace. ANTONYMS: (v) mistake, misapprehend, exclude, misunderstand, misconceive comprehending: (adj) intelligent, general, observant, sympathetic, brotherly, conversant comprehension: (n) knowledge, inclusion, conception, understanding, intelligence, grasp, wit, capacity, familiarity, discernment, uptake. ANTONYMS: (n) incomprehension, ignorance compulsion: (n) force, enforcement, urge, constraint, pressure, restraint, necessity, duress, obligation, requirement, oppression. ANTONYMS: (n) persuasion, coaxing, disinclination compunction: (n) repentance, remorse, contrition, qualm, penance, regret, compassion, rue, scruple, sorrow, guilt. ANTONYMS: (n) hardness, indifference, meanness, remorselessness conceal: (v) hide, disguise, bury, screen, cloak, smother, shield, suppress, mask, obscure; (n, v) veil. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, show, expose, divulge, clarify, uncover, disclose, tell, admit, spotlight, flaunt conceived: (adj) formed conception: (n) concept, idea, view,

thought, creation, mind, design, imagination, impression, understanding, fancy. ANTONYMS: (n) termination, finish, ending, concrete, abortion, ignorance, destruction condemning: (adj) inculpative, censorious, inculpatory, critical; (n) conviction, reproachful conducted: (adj) directed, guided confederate: (n) accomplice, accessory, partner, collaborator, colleague, assistant; (n, v) ally, auxiliary; (adj) allied; (v) league, conspire. ANTONYMS: (n) opponent, foe, enemy, adversary confidential: (adj) secret, classified, private, intimate, privileged, clandestine, furtive, thick, inner, esoteric, confident. ANTONYMS: (adj) open, familiar, known, external, accessible, official, unrestricted confidently: (adv) hopefully, surely, securely, assuredly, intrepidly, boldly, courageously, certainly, sanguinely, bravely, definitely. ANTONYMS: (adv) powerlessly, weakly, hesitantly, anxiously, uncertainly, timidly, despairingly, tentatively, pessimistically, irresolutely, awkwardly confidingly: (adv) trustfully, naively, untutoredly, simplely, unaffectedly, inartificially, unsophisticatedly confining: (adj) restricting, limiting, narrow, confined, oppressive, stringent, constrictive, restrictive, closemouthed; (v) confine; (n) contraction confirmatory: (adj) collateral, affirmative, confirming, confirmative, assenting, corroboratory, positive, substantiating, substantiative, validating, validatory conflicting: (adj) repugnant, opposed, incompatible, clashing, inconsistent, opposite, contrary, divergent, adverse, paradoxical; (v) antagonistic. ANTONYMS: (adj) consistent, compatible, parallel, peaceful, harmonious, corresponding, agreeing, agreeable, congruous confused: (adj) abashed, baffled, befuddled, bemused, dizzy, chaotic, confounded, deranged, incoherent, disjointed, indistinct. ANTONYMS: (adj) enlightened, orderly, alert, clearheaded, organized, oriented, precise, systematic, ordered,

275 unimpressed, methodical confusing: (adj) bewildering, baffling, perplexing, difficult, puzzling, embarrassing, misleading, ambiguous, uncertain, obscure, disturbing. ANTONYMS: (adj) enlightening, simple, soothing, truthful congenial: (adj, v) concordant, consonant, accordant; (adj) compatible, affable, kindred, genial, kind, pleasant, pleasing, delightful. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncongenial, unfriendly, disagreeable, hostile, incompatible, despicable, abominable, unsavory, reserved connected: (adj, v) related; (adj) attached, allied, affiliated, coherent, linked, committed, conjoint, combined, relevant, consecutive. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrelated, separate, unimportant, disjoined, unaffiliated, disconnected, unattached, irrelevant conquered: (adj) overcome, vanquished, overwhelmed, crushed, subdued, profligate, routed, overthrown, done for, under enemy control, baffled. ANTONYMS: (adj) victorious, liberated consciously: (adv) deliberately, intentionally, purposely, premeditatedly, sentiently, wittingly, studiedly, awarely, on purpose, willfully, purposefully. ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, unconsciously, unintentionally consecutive: (adj) sequential, uninterrupted, serial, straight, continuous, continual, sequent, following, seriate, subsequent, connected. ANTONYMS: (adj) random, irregular, interrupted, intermittent, discontinuous, alternate consigned: (adj) destined, aboard consist: (n, v) be; (adj, v) lie; (v) belong, fit, comprise, lie in, reside, exist, make up; (adj, n) abide; (n) agree consoling: (adj) consolatory, cheering, encouraging, grateful, reassuring, soothing, calming; (n) encouragement. ANTONYM: (adj) upsetting conspicuous: (adj) apparent, blatant, visible, manifest, obvious, marked, glaring, blazing, flagrant, famous; (adj, v) salient. ANTONYMS: (adj) unobtrusive, unremarkable, unnoticeable, concealed, hidden, indistinct, invisible, secret,

276 unimportant, unseen, doubtful consternation: (n) alarm, shock, fear, apprehension, astonishment, fright, confusion; (adj, n) terror, awe, dread, horror. ANTONYMS: (n) peacefulness, composure, happiness, tranquility, hopefulness, comfort, equanimity constituted: (adj) habitual, planted, legitimate, grooved, accomplished, official consultation: (n) interview, conference, negotiation, counsel, talk, discussion, audience, advisement, council, deliberation, meeting consumed: (adj) exhausted, finished, used up, worn, depleted, obsessed, possessed, lost, tired, immersed, gone consuming: (adj) blazing, overwhelming, burning, absorbing, corrosive; (v) grating, searching, grinding, racking; (n) consumption, wasting contagion: (n) plague, contagious disease, taint, transmission, contamination, disease, conduction, pest, corruption, pollution, grippe contagious: (adj) catching, communicable, pestiferous, transmissible, epidemic, transmittable, poisonous, spreading, pestilent; (n) infection; (v) infect. ANTONYMS: (adj) noncontagious, noninfectious contained: (adj) implicit, unspoken, unexpressed, latent, understood, numbered, inside, confined to a small area, being within, limited to a small area. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrestrained, generalized, pervasive contemplated: (adj) intended, willful contemplation: (n) consideration, reflection, thought, attention, cogitation, musing, introspection, speculation, animus, deliberation; (n, v) study contemptuous: (adj) scornful, disdainful, insulting, arrogant, proud, haughty, derisive, cynical, sarcastic, disrespectful; (adj, v) supercilious. ANTONYMS: (adj) approving, complimentary, deferential, humble, polite, respected, admiring contended: (adj) controversial contentment: (n) content, happiness, pleasure, fulfillment, ease, delight, comfort, complacency, bliss, joy, contentedness. ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction, sadness, discomfort,

A Reflection discontentment, misery, unhappiness, displeasure, discontent, panic, anxiety continuously: (adv) continually, incessantly, ceaselessly, endlessly, unceasingly, persistently, uninterruptedly, unremittingly, steadily, perpetually, permanently. ANTONYMS: (adv) sporadically, inconsistently contortion: (n) torsion, deformation, twist, dislocation, perversion, distort, deformity, contort, garble, wrench, twisting. ANTONYM: (n) smile contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie, conflict, confute, controvert, contravene, disprove, refute, invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS: (v) agree, match, correspond, approve, corroborate, prove, support, reinforce contradictory: (adj) inconsistent, incompatible, contrary, opposite, antagonistic, ironic, repugnant; (adj, n) discordant, disagreeing; (n) contradiction; (v) contradict. ANTONYMS: (adj) consistent, similar, compatible, parallel, agreeing, corresponding, confirming, coherent, corroboratory, reconcilable, sound contrary: (adj, n) contradictory, reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting, unfavorable, perverse, cross, disobedient, alien, different, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, harmonious, helpful, obliging, compatible, complaisant, concordant, parallel, agreeable, cooperative, favorable contriving: (adj) designing, deep, calculating, shifty convenience: (n) contrivance, accommodation, opportunity, utility, occasion, fitness, comfort, leisure, appliance, availability; (adj) convenient. ANTONYMS: (n) uselessness, distance, hardship, unsuitability, clumsiness, remoteness conveniences: (n) creature comforts, comforts, convenience, living, support, livelihood, keep, sustenance, facility, facilities, device convey: (v) communicate, channel, bring, conduct, transfer, fetch, express, transmit, bear, transport, take. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, maintain, withhold, retain, refrain, hold, absorb, receive conveyed: (v) borne, sent

conviction: (n) belief, confidence, certainty, condemnation, persuasion, faith, trust, certitude, firmness, doctrine, determination. ANTONYMS: (n) acquittal, doubt, release, absolution, disbelief, justification, insecurity, distrust convince: (v) persuade, convert, sway, reassure, prevail on, induce, entice, argue, convict, win over; (adj, v) satisfy. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage, repel convinced: (adj, v) sure, positive, confident, firm; (v) cocksure, persuaded, satisfied, assured, bold; (adj) clear, definite. ANTONYMS: (adj) doubtful, unconvinced, uncertain, cynical convincing: (adj) cogent, forceful, persuasive, compelling, believable, probable, impressive, likely, credible, valid, plausible. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, unrealistic, unpersuasive, questionable, dubious, doubtful, unbelievable, disputable, inaccurate, hesitant, unreliable convulsions: (n) convulsion, spasm, epilepsy, eclampsia, mirth convulsively: (adv) spasmodically, paroxysmally, spasticly, with convulsions cookbook: (n) reference, book of facts, manual cooked: (adj) well done, overcooked, cook, done, wanting, damaged, defiled, heated, suitable for eating, done for, fit for human consumption. ANTONYMS: (adj) poisonous, raw, underdone cooler: (n) beverage, freezer, drinkable, potable, drink, air conditioner, penitentiary, choky, prison, chokey, clink copper: (n) brass, bull, cop, Cu, constable, gold, fuzz, pig, cent, bobby, coin coquetry: (v) captation, obsequiousness, sentimentalism, sycophancy, mock modesty, minauderie, toadeating, flunkeyism, prudery; (n) dalliance, invitation corbeille: (n) jardiniere, cradle, basket, pannier, maund, bassinet, pottle, whisket, wisket, crate, hopper cord: (n) band, bond, tie, twine, tape, whipcord, thread, yarn, lace, rope, leash corinthian: (n) Aristarchus, euphemist, arbiter elegantiarum, Stagirite, hedonist, virtuoso, critic,

Kate Chopin conoscente, dilettante, amateur, judge corn: (n) clavus, cereals, Zea Mays, callus, wheat, Indian corn, callosity, grain; (v) feed, keep; (adj, n) commonplace correspondent: (adj, v) congruous, consonant, accordant, concordant; (n) reporter, journalist, writer; (adj, n) parallel, equivalent; (adj) corresponding, equal. ANTONYM: (adj) different corresponding: (adj, v) same; (adj) similar, equal, comparable, commensurate, consonant, like, analogous, equivalent, matching, alike. ANTONYMS: (adj) dissimilar, unlike, against, counter, differing, mismatched, opposite, unbalanced, uneven, disproportionate corridor: (n) aisle, lobby, hall, lane, hallway, vestibule, artery, alley, gallery, way; (n, v) passage cote: (n) cot, sty, booth, shanty, hut, hutch, byre, neighborhood, kennel cotton: (n) absorbent cotton, yarn, thread, cotton cloth, cotton plant, cotton wool, upland cotton, cord, string, fiber; (v) agree couch: (n) bed, sofa, settee, divan; (adj, v) lie; (v) express, put, frame, lower, repose; (adj) recline countenance: (n) aspect, expression, brow, complexion; (n, v) face, sanction, support, favor; (v) allow, tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, oppose, discourage, disapprove, prohibit counter: (adj, n) converse; (n, v) reply; (n) bench, reverse, numerator; (v) contradict, resist, react, retort, respond; (adj) antagonistic. ANTONYMS: (v) yield, surrender; (adv) similarly, same, equally; (adj) corroborating, corresponding, consistent, concurring, analogous, agreeing counting: (n) calculation, count, reckoning, computation, enumeration, numbering, numeration, tally, nosecount; (adj) calculating, including. ANTONYM: (prep) excluding counts: (adj) details, particulars, items coup: (n) conquest, percussion, triumph, takeover, crack, success, revolution, breath, accomplishment, dint, stroke of time. ANTONYMS: (n) flop, debacle, defeat coupe: (n) auto, automobile, flivver, jalopy, lemon, limousine, clunker,

coopee, motor car courage: (n) audacity, fortitude, boldness, nerve, spirit, backbone, valor, heroism, gallantry, mettle, chivalry. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, faintheartedness, weakness, wimpiness, yellowness courageous: (adj, n) bold; (adj) audacious, fearless, valiant, gallant, intrepid, spirited, heroic, undaunted, manly, confident. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid, wimpy, weak, spineless, pusillanimous, fearful, fainthearted, afraid, despicable courteous: (adj, v) civil; (adj) affable, attentive, gracious, decorous, chivalrous, bland, thoughtful, urbane, mannerly, gentlemanly. ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, impolite, boorish, insulting, unmannerly, gruff, improper, vulgar, unhelpful, neglectful, graceless courtesy: (adj, n) civility, complaisance; (n) propriety, chivalry, comity, politeness, gallantry, decency, attention, breeding, etiquette. ANTONYMS: (n) rudeness, discourtesy, unkindness, informality, impoliteness, disservice, brusqueness, incivility, vulgarity, crudeness, neglect coward: (n) cur, pantywaist, sneak, dastard, milksop, weakling, milquetoast; (adj) gutless, chickenhearted, pusillanimous, chicken-hearted. ANTONYMS: (n) daredevil, stalwart; (adj) brave cowl: (n) bonnet, cowling, kerchief, protection, helmet, cow, condition, chock, soe, tonsure cows: (n) cattle, cow, bull, ox, oxen, Bos Taurus, bullock, beef, Cowes, steer, milker cozy: (adj, n) cosy, cosey; (adj) comfy, snug, familiar, homely, informal, easy, close, intimate; (n) cozie. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncomfortable, tense, unwelcoming, bleak, insecure, impersonal, harsh crabs: (n) pediculosis pubis, order Decapoda, Decapoda, Crustacea, sexually transmitted disease, returns, barnacles, venereal disease cracker: (n) banger, biscuit, firecracker, firework, soda cracker, pyrotechnics, favor; (v) squib, popgun, gun, doughnut crackers: (adj) nuts, mad, kooky, nutty, loony, bats, barmy, haywire, crazy, dotty, bonkers

277 cradle: (n) cot, birthplace, nursery, berth, crib, nest, hammock, bassinet, origin; (v) hold, groundwork cramp: (v) restrict, constrict, confine, bind, limit, hamper; (n, v) spasm, pinch; (n) crick, pain, constraint. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, permit, liberate; (n) release cramped: (adj) cramp, limited, close, constrained, contracted, crowded, narrow, poky, restricted, small, tight. ANTONYMS: (adj) roomy, open, uncrowded, vast, liberated crash: (n) collision; (n, v) clash, collapse, bang, clank, dash, clang, fall, crack, clatter; (v) break. ANTONYMS: (n) silence; (v) raise, repair, skyrocket, increase, fix, restore, mend, work, thrive cravat: (n) neckerchief, neckcloth, stock, ascot, collar, handkerchief, scarf, neckwear, necktie, ruff craved: (adj) coveted crazy: (adj) wild, mad, brainsick, absurd, eccentric, silly, wacky, cracked, crazed, demented; (adj, n) madcap. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, sane, rational, indifferent, stable, reasonable, realistic, balanced, levelheaded, cool, calm cream: (n, v) best, top, ream; (v) skim; (adj, n) prime, flower, milk; (n) ointment, balm, liniment, elite. ANTONYMS: (n) trash, dregs, worst; (v) lose creamy: (adj) greasy, sandy, buttery, pearly, soft, oily, rich, smooth, thick, fatty, unctuous. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, lumpy, clear, watery creature: (n) being, brute, animal, tool, individual, person, body, entity, human, puppet, somebody creditable: (adj, v) reputable, respectable; (adj, n) meritorious; (adj) praiseworthy, laudable, worthy, admirable, believable; (n) estimable, dignity; (v) up to the mark. ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, disrespected, disgraceful, discreditable, lamentable, poor, blameworthy creep: (v) grovel, sneak, steal, fawn, lurk, truckle, cringe; (n) creeping, crawling, toady, sycophant. ANTONYMS: (v) race, dash, hasten, hurry, speed, fly creeping: (n) creep, crawl, locomotion, spreading; (v) lentor; (adj) reptile, slow, reptant, reptatory, serpiginous, moving creole: (n) creolian, trade language crepe: (n, v) crape; (n) French

278 pancake, pancake, battercake, crepe paper, marocain; (v) frizzly, wreathy crescent: (n) circus, carve, arch, arcade, bow, peristyle, lunule; (adj) semilunar, falcate; (adj, n) convex, concave. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncoiled, straight, unbent, unbowed cress: (n) bittercress, common garden cress, common scurvy grass, cress plant, pepperwort, bitter cress crimped: (adj) corrugated, kinky, frustrated crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, scarlet, maroon; (v) blush, flush, redden; (adj) bloody, ruddy, cherry; (n) deep red crinkled: (adj) corrugated, wrinkled, zigzag, crinkly, uneven, curly, wavelike, knock kneed, wavy crisp: (adj) short, terse, fresh, crispy, sharp, crunchy, brisk; (adj, v) wrinkle; (v) crease, crinkle; (n) chip. ANTONYMS: (adj) soggy, soft, limp, wilted, rumpled, stale, slovenly, sloppy, wordy, long, lengthy critically: (adj, adv) gravely; (adv) seriously, severely, censoriously, crucially, acutely, significantly, hypercritically, decisively, vitally, importantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) uncritically, slightly, positively, insignificantly, illogically, favorably croquet: (n) golf, polo, pallone, tipcat crossing: (n) transit, ford, intersection, hybridization, crossbreeding, passage, voyage, mating, crossway, crosswalk, cruise crowded: (adj) compact, congested, full, packed, busy, dense, populous, jammed, cramped, tight; (adj, n) thronged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, deserted, uncrowded, loose cruel: (adj, v) hard, harsh, sharp, severe; (adj) barbarous, unkind, brutal, bloody, bitter, savage, atrocious. ANTONYMS: (adj) merciful, gentle, sympathetic, humane, liberal, compassionate, charitable, friendly, caring, considerate, libertarian cruelly: (adv) harshly, ferociously, fiercely, viciously, inhumanly, mercilessly, pitilessly, heartlessly, roughly, unkindly; (adj, adv) bitterly. ANTONYMS: (adv) kindly, mercifully, sympathetically, tamely, peacefully, humanely, compassionately, sensitively, respectfully, innocently, genially cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness, oppression, barbarity, ferociousness,

A Reflection tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity, mercilessness, harshness. ANTONYMS: (n) compassion, gentleness, friendliness, humanity, benevolence, sensitivity, liberty, decency cruet: (n) crewet, phial, vial, caster, jar, stoup, noggin crumpled: (adj) rumpled, crinkly, wrinkled, bent, corrugated, crinkled, disheveled, lined, furrowed, dented, damaged crush: (n, v) squeeze, crunch, press; (v) beat, break, compress, conquer, stamp, overpower, squash, bruise. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, congratulate, stretch, praise, inspirit, encourage, compliment, expand, resist, submit, smooth crushed: (adj) beaten, subdued, low, conquered, flattened, dispirited, compressed, overwhelmed, shattered; (v) victimized; (n) crushing. ANTONYMS: (adj) victorious, euphoric crushing: (adj) overpowering, overwhelming, destructive; (n) grinding, quelling, stifling, suppression, flattening, pressure; (v) shatter; (adv) crushingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, wonderful crusty: (adj) brusque, crotchety, crabbed, crusted, curt, gruff, cantankerous, cross, churlish, abrupt, rough. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, pleasant, bendable, cheerful, easygoing, elastic, flexible, happy, pliable, pliant, friendly crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant, pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent, clamant, imperative, blatant; (n) weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling crystal: (adj) clear, bright, translucent, pebble, crag, stone; (n) watch glass, quartz, gem, vitrite; (adj, n) rock. ANTONYMS: (adj) foggy, murky cuff: (n, v) hit, knock, clout, punch, slap, whack, manacle, handcuff; (v) box, buffet, beat cultivating: (adj) educating, taming, humanizing, calming cumbersome: (adj) bulky, unwieldy, heavy, hefty, weighty, clumsy, burdensome, inconvenient, inept, onerous; (adj, v) cumbrous. ANTONYMS: (adj) manageable, light, graceful, insubstantial, small curiosity: (n) curiousness, rarity, interest, curio, oddity, prying, nosiness, peculiarity, novelty, marvel; (adj, n) prodigy. ANTONYMS: (n) emotionlessness,

indifference, disinterest curious: (adj) odd, unusual, abnormal, strange, peculiar, interested, quizzical, quaint, queer, inquiring, inquisitive. ANTONYMS: (adj) incurious, ordinary, apathetic, uninterested, unconcerned, typical, indifferent, everyday, disinterested, conventional, common curled: (adj) coiled, curling, having curls, round, braided, twisted, bowed, wreathy, Crull, curled up, tressed curls: (n) hair, tresses, ringlets cursed: (adj) damned, doomed, execrable, cussed, wretched, unlucky, accursed, blamed, blasted, confounded; (v) accurst. ANTONYMS: (adj) commendable, honorable, nice, sweet, kine curtain: (n, v) cover; (n) barrier, drapery, blind, screen, mantle, mask, shade, pall, shroud; (v) hide curtains: (n) passing, demise, finish, decease, tragedy, termination, calamity, cataclysm; (adj) last, ultimate, terminal curve: (n, v) crook, bow, turn, curl, arc, hook, kink, round; (n) curvature; (v) arch, wind. ANTONYMS: (v) untwisting, straighten curved: (adj) crooked, arched, curve, round, deformed, curvy, curving, rounded, hooked, tortuous; (v) bowed. ANTONYMS: (adj) concave, flat, sharp, square, unbent cushion: (n, v) pad, buffer; (v) insulate, soften, protect, bolster, mollify; (n) shock absorber, mat, pincushion; (adj, n) wadding. ANTONYMS: (v) harm, hurt, injure, exacerbate, expose cushioned: (adj) spongy, cushiony custom: (n) habit, convention, usage, practice, consuetude, fashion, method, mores; (n, v) use, accustom; (adj) bespoke. ANTONYMS: (n) fad, innovation, phenomenon, rage, rarity cynical: (adj) distrustful, cynic, ironic, disenchanted, disbelieving, misanthropic, suspicious, negative, contumelious; (adj, v) satirical, sardonic. ANTONYMS: (adj) trusting, convinced, approving, dreamy, positive, hopeful, resigned, believing, aggressive, fresh, certain dabbled: (adj) bespattered, besplashed, covered, covered patchily, spattered, splashed, splattered, splashy; (v) soggy

Kate Chopin dabbling: (n) dalliance; (adj) dilettante, unfinished dada: (n) papa, pappa, daddy, Dadaism, father, pa, pater, pop, begetter dainty: (adj, v) nice; (adj, n, v) delicacy; (adj) fastidious, savory, tasteful, squeamish, particular, mincing, refined; (adj, n) tidbit; (n) luxury. ANTONYMS: (adj) coarse, vulgar, rough, inelegant, harsh, gross, awkward, accepting, heavy, careless, thick damask: (n) fabric, napery, purple, magenta, red, fancier, cloth dame: (n) lady, female, queen, girl, gentlewoman, wench, skirt, matron, madam, ma'am, woman damp: (adj) moist, muggy, clammy, cool, dank; (v) check, chill, deaden, break; (n) moisture, dampness. ANTONYMS: (n) dryness; (adj) parched, arid, dried, fresh, hard damsel: (n) demoiselle, damosel, damozel, damoiselle, wench, maiden, maid, girl, nymph, unmarried woman, virgin dancing: (n) choreography, Terpsichore, saltation, break dancing, ceremonial dance, galloping, hoofing, Pavan; (adj) morrice; (adv) adance; (v) saltant dangling: (adj) suspended, pendent, pendant, limp, floppy, pendulous; (n) suspension, abeyance, break, abatement; (adv) adangle. ANTONYM: (adj) upright dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave, hazard, confront, risk, resist, make bold; (n) adventure, daring, defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, flee, pass, refrain, retreat, obey daring: (adj, n) bold, courageous, adventurous; (adj) audacious, venturesome, intrepid; (n) bravery, audacity, boldness, courage, adventurousness. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, timidity; (adj) timid, cautious, dull, afraid, chicken, fearful, unadventurous, wimpy darky: (n) darkey, blackamoor, black person, nigger, Negroid, Negro, black darning: (n) darn, repair, stitching, embroidery, needlework, restoration, tapestry, hemming, healing, renovation, needlepoint dash: (adj, n, v) rush; (n, v) touch, sprint, strike, splash, jog; (v) dart, break; (n) tinge, beat; (adj, n) animation. ANTONYMS: (v) dawdle, inspirit, languish, saunter,

encourage, linger; (n) stagnation, languor, listlessness, mass, dullness dawn: (adj, n) break of day, daybreak; (n) beginning, commencement, cockcrow, onset, morning, prime, aurora; (v) break, begin. ANTONYMS: (n) twilight, sunset, nightfall, close, departure, demise, conclusion, ending; (n, v) end, finish; (v) set daylight: (n) dawn, daybreak, light, morning, sunrise, clearance, sunup, daytime, broad daylight, first light, afternoon. ANTONYMS: (n) night, sunset, dusk, dark, sundown, twilight, darkness, nightfall dazed: (adj) bewildered, stunned, dumbfounded, muzzy, stupefied, dizzy, stupid, groggy, amazed, astounded, bleary. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unimpressed, conscious dazzling: (adj) brilliant, blinding, splendid, glaring, vivid, stunning, dazzlingly, striking, sparkling, fulgent, resplendent. ANTONYMS: (adj) dim, ugly, uninspired, unremarkable, unexceptional, gradual, abysmal, humdrum, dark deadened: (adj) dead, numb, numbed, without sensation, duller, unfeeling, under, frozen, insensible, insensitive, knocked out deadly: (adj, adv) deathly; (adj) baneful, lethal, fatal, destructive, mortal, pernicious, virulent, toxic; (adv) lifelessly, lethally. ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, uplifting, readable, mild, healthy, healthful, benign, innocuous, exciting deafening: (adj) earsplitting, thunderous, shrill, piercing, noisy, massive, roaring, enormous, gigantic, tremendous; (v) thundering. ANTONYM: (adj) tranquil dealer: (n) merchant, trader, monger, vendor, seller, marketer, barterer, broker, agent, trafficker, chandler. ANTONYM: (n) buyer dealings: (n) business, dealing, relations, traffic, proceedings, transaction, affairs, contact, intercourse, trade, communication debar: (v) exclude, suspend, block, prohibit, avert, avoid, deter, preclude, inhibit; (adj, v) hinder, check deceive: (v) cheat, circumvent, bamboozle, pretend, hoax, fool, cozen, trick, beguile; (n, v) dupe; (n)

279 fraud. ANTONYMS: (v) guide, inform, undeceive, protect deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful, cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying, treacherous, imposing, delusive, sanctimonious, mistaken. ANTONYM: (adj) correct decent: (adj) adequate, appropriate, becoming, decorous, sufficient, honest, acceptable, modest, seemly, comely; (adj, adv) right. ANTONYMS: (adj) immoral, inappropriate, disreputable, indecent, unsuitable, inadequate, filthy, undressed, unkind, smutty, selfish decipher: (v) interpret, explain, solve, decode, translate, disentangle, resolve, construe, read, decrypt, discover. ANTONYMS: (v) encode, code, encipher, scramble, confuse declare: (v) advertise, assert, allege, attest, aver, admit, acknowledge, proclaim, avow; (n, v) affirm, say. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, revoke, suppress, retract, repress, disclaim, withhold, request, refute, block declined: (adj) less decorate: (v) deck, beautify, embellish, adorn, dress, bedeck, grace, apparel, bedight, array, enrich. ANTONYMS: (v) dishonor, dismantle, disrespect, mar, spoil, uglify, disgrace, deface decorations: (n) flags, badges, streamers, bunting, insignia, streamer decoy: (n, v) trap, lure, attract; (n) bait, device; (v) entice, tempt, allure, seduce, entrap, coax. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse, dissuade dedicated: (adj) consecrate, zealous, devoted, committed, sacred, votive, passionate, eager, fervent, holy; (prep) dedicate. ANTONYMS: (adj) desecrated, uncommitted, halfhearted, disloyal, undedicated, unenthusiastic, unfaithful, generalized, uncaring deem: (v) believe, assume, consider, count, hold, think, feel, view, suppose, regard, imagine. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard, doubt deepened: (adj) concentrated, gathered deer: (n) caribou, buck, fawn, stag, reynard, brocket, cervid, ruminant, roe, roebuck, hart defend: (n, v) guard, shield, advocate; (v) justify, protect, assert, support, maintain, champion,

280 apologize, shelter. ANTONYMS: (v) prosecute, abandon, endanger, surrender, renounce, oppose, forsake, assault, contradict, destroy, expose defending: (v) defend; (adj) caring, shielding, protective, opposed, protecting; (n) patrol deferred: (adj) put off, delayed, belated, late, later than usual. ANTONYMS: (adj) hurried, hastened, expedited, advanced, early defiance: (n) challenge, opposition, rebellion, insubordination, rebelliousness, disobedience, resistance, contempt, intractableness, mutiny, contradiction. ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance, surrender, deference, conformance, submission, acquiescence, cooperation, loyalty, meekness, support, agreement define: (v) characterize, explain, clarify, bound, name, interpret, limit, construe, restrict, circumscribe, outline. ANTONYMS: (v) obscure, confuse, confound, conceal, tangle deformity: (n) malformation, disfigurement, defect, blemish, disfiguration, defacement, disability, abnormality, distortion, clubfoot; (adj, n) irregularity deft: (adj) dexterous, cunning, neat, handy, expert, quick, apt, adept, able, artful, nimble. ANTONYMS: (adj) unskilled, bumbling, inept, awkward, inelegant, rough deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel, debate, caution, thought, advisement, attention, contemplation, consultation; (adj, n) calculation, circumspection. ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness, carelessness, impetuosity, distraction, rashness delicacies: (n) food, delices, cates, regalia delicacy: (adj, n) weakness, fragility, tidbit; (n) finesse, daintiness, delicate, elegance, sensitivity, luxury, treat, airiness. ANTONYMS: (n) sturdiness, toughness, durability, frankness, inelegance, ruggedness, vulgarity, tactlessness, insensitivity, inaccuracy, clumsiness delicate: (adj) accurate, tender, dainty, refined, breakable, fragile, beautiful, brittle, soft, nice, frail. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, robust, heavy, sturdy, tough,

A Reflection careless, inaccurate, rough, well, substantial, unscrupulous delicately: (adv) exquisitely, softly, tenderly, gracefully, subtlely, sensitively, daintily, precisely, elegantly, ticklishly, weakly. ANTONYMS: (adv) inelegantly, tactlessly, thickly, imprecisely, clumsily, ungracefully, unsubtly, heavily, carelessly, roughly, severely delicious: (adj, v) delicate; (adj) tasteful, pleasing, delightful, appetizing, agreeable, sweet, toothsome, savory, enjoyable, dainty. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteless, distasteful, yucky, unsavory, unpleasant, unappetizing, revolting, nauseating, inedible, gross, dry delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement, rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish, amuse, please, captivate, transport, enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness, nuisance, discontent; (v) depress, displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore delighted: (adj) glad, cheerful, blissful, jubilant, happy, overjoyed, joyful, captivated, pleasant; (adj, v) pleased, elated. ANTONYMS: (adj) shocked, unhappy, sorrowful, depressed, melancholy, miserable, desolate, sorry, sad, down delightful: (adj) delicious, delectable, charming, pleasing, grateful, blissful, amiable, adorable, lovely, nice, gorgeous. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, unwelcome, hateful, miserable, unhappy, unappealing, horrific, horrible, disagreeable, depressing, annoying delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania, disturbance, fever, ecstasy, derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj) furor, rage, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, dejection demanding: (adj) severe, difficult, trying, finicky, strenuous, hard, tough, particular, arduous, challenging, exigent. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy, halfhearted, reasonable, unchallenging, trivial, easygoing, effortless, soothing, sketchy, simple, relaxing demented: (adj) daft, brainsick, delirious, frenetic, mad, deranged, insane, psychotic, distracted, lunatic, unbalanced. ANTONYMS: (adj) sane, balanced, stable, reasonable, rational, calm demure: (adj) humble, modest, coy, reserved, prim, bashful, shy,

retiring, timid; (adj, v) sober, grave. ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, outgoing, extroverted, loudmouthed, boisterous, decadent, exciting, indecorous, brazen demurely: (adv) soberly, primly, virtuously, staidly, reservedly, solemnly, sedately, bashfully, seriously, gravely, properly. ANTONYMS: (adv) improperly, brazenly, brashly, boldly deny: (v) controvert, rebuff, contradict, disavow, gainsay, reject, oppose, refuse, disown, abnegate, renounce. ANTONYMS: (v) affirm, claim, acknowledge, declare, maintain, agree, spoil, accept, accede, allow, argue departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late, former, bypast, defunct, past, left; (adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent. ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive departure: (n, v) decease, demise; (n) exit, leave, deviation, divergence, depart, parting, aberration, passing, takeoff. ANTONYMS: (n) appearance, conformity, greeting, ingress, influx, homecoming, regularity, entrance, birth, coming, advance deprecatory: (adj) deprecating, depreciatory, belittling, expostulatory, intercessory, mediatorial, apologetic, pejorative, slighting, depreciative; (adj, v) derogatory depressed: (adj) low, blue, dejected, sad, dispirited, downhearted, downcast, down, gloomy, hollow, disappointed. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, happy, convex, booming, elated, encouraged, euphoric, exhilarated, flourishing, optimistic, prospering deprived: (adj) bereft, poor, destitute, depressed, needy, broke, bankrupt, denuded, humble, indigent, insolvent. ANTONYMS: (adj) rich, exalted, salubrious depths: (n) bottom, abyss, depth, lowest point, low point, depression, bowels, rock bottom, slump, midst, nadir. ANTONYM: (n) peak derived: (adj) secondary, calculated, variant, resulting, resultant, plagiaristic, imitative, derivate, deliberate, copied, calculable descend: (v) settle, condescend, down, drop, deign, subside, go down, dismount, derive, get off, come down. ANTONYMS: (v) ascend, climb, float, scale, increase,

Kate Chopin level, mount descended: (v) extraught descending: (v) descend; (adj) downhill, down, descendent, decreasing, dropping, falling, sloping, degressive, occasive; (adv) downward. ANTONYM: (adj) upward deserted: (adj) desert, solitary, empty, lonely, isolated, forsaken, lonesome, desolate, bleak, vacant; (adj, v) forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj) occupied, packed, crowded, mobbed, populated, populous, overcrowded deserve: (v) rate, warrant, gain, earn, to deserve, demand, justify, bear; (n, v) reward; (n) richly deserve, worth deserved: (v) merited, richly deserved; (adj) appropriate, due, fitting, just, earned, suitable, rightful, adequate, required deserving: (adj) meritorious, admirable, creditable, commendable, laudable, fit, good, deserved, condign; (v) deserve, worthy of. ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy, undeserving, unimpressive designing: (adj) deceitful, crafty, scheming, cunning, insidious, deceptive, deep, calculating, dishonest, Machiavellian; (n) design. ANTONYMS: (adj) artless, aboveboard, honest, innocent, straightforward, unplanned, ingenuous desired: (adj) coveted, desirable, favorite, wanted, welcome, needed, beloved, required, most wanted; (adj, v) chosen; (v) consenting desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable, desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly desirous: (adj) wistful, avid, ambitious, greedy, longing, eager, hungry, covetous, envious, agog; (adj, v) willing. ANTONYMS: (adj) undesirous, reluctant, undesiring, unconcerned desolate: (adj, v) desert, forlorn; (adj) bare, barren, alone, bleak, deserted, cheerless, disconsolate; (v) devastate, destroy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, inhabited, happy, sheltered, mobbed, overcrowded, ecstatic, hopeful; (v) create, construct, build despair: (n) disappointment, desolation, dejection, melancholy, gloom, desperation, depression, dismay, discouragement, pessimism, sorrow. ANTONYMS:

(n) happiness, hopefulness, expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness, resilience, elation, joyfulness despairing: (adj) hopeless, desperate, despondent, forlorn, desolate, dejected, pessimistic, sad, brokenhearted, miserable, inconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, optimistic, rosy, happy, confident, cheerful despairingly: (adv) forlornly, desperately, despondently, dejectedly, sadly, desolately, disconsolately, resignedly, sorrowfully, frantically, franticly. ANTONYMS: (adv) energetically, expectantly, cheerfully desperately: (adv) forlornly, despairingly, hopelessly, terribly, extremely, despondently, recklessly, seriously, wretchedly; (adj, adv) severely, madly. ANTONYMS: (adv) hopefully, easily, optimistically, trivially, cheerfully, slightly, sluggishly, hardly despondency: (n) despair, desperation, dejection, despondence, melancholy, gloom, sadness, hopelessness, desolation, anguish, grief. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, hopefulness, cheerfulness, joy, resilience, delight, cheer despondent: (adj) desperate, dejected, depressed, hopeless, disappointed, desolate, gloomy, downcast, downhearted, forlorn, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, cheerful, optimistic, joyful, elated, euphoric destined: (adj, v) bound, fated; (adj) predetermined, sure, inescapable, intended, predestined, inevitable, prepared, foreordained, appointed. ANTONYMS: (adj) unscheduled, unlikely destroy: (v) demolish, blight, despoil, subvert, dismantle, devour, wreck, devastate; (adj, v) desolate, abolish; (n, v) murder. ANTONYMS: (v) preserve, create, make, construct, protect, repair, restore, uphold, sustain, submit, revive desultory: (adj) indiscriminate, aimless, spasmodic, purposeless, capricious, superficial, cursory, random, rambling, immethodical, fitful. ANTONYM: (adj) wholehearted detachment: (n) division, dissociation, indifference, corps, rupture, contingent, disjunction,

281 aloofness, seclusion, rift; (n, v) party. ANTONYMS: (n) involvement, attachment, interest, bias, bond, friendliness, union, affection, approachability, connection, warmth detain: (v) arrest, confine, catch, capture, apprehend, stay, keep, jail, imprison, incarcerate, retard. ANTONYMS: (v) free, liberate, rush detect: (v) find, discover, discern, notice, observe, spot, see, ascertain, trace, identify, distinguish. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, ignore, overlook detected: (adj) apparent, convicted, detect detested: (adj) despised, unpopular, disliked, loathed, not accepted, unloved, scorned, reviled, out of favor, not liked detract: (v) depreciate, defame, derogate, deprecate, traduce, disparage, lose, cut, slander, subtract, damage. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, heighten, enhance deuced: (adj) cursed, infernal, damn, damned, darned, blessed, goddamn, goddam, demonic, unholy, satanic devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost, monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub, deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag. ANTONYM: (n) angel devilishly: (adv) diabolically, satanically, infernally, devilish, hellishly, demoniacally, madly, wickedly; (adj, adv) deucedly; (adj) desperately, confoundedly devils: (n) unclean spirits devise: (v) contrive, conceive, invent, plan, create, concoct, design, arrange, frame, formulate, excogitate devoid: (adj) empty, vacant, absent, wanting, vacuous, destitute, clear, deficient, bereft, inane; (v) quit. ANTONYMS: (adj) filled, supplied, replete, full devote: (n, v) apply, destine, give, assign, vow; (v) consecrate, dedicate, commit, appropriate, allot; (n) devotion. ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, refuse devoted: (adj, v) addicted, ardent, fond; (adj) affectionate, constant, loyal, pious, faithful, reliable, zealous; (adj, prep) consecrated. ANTONYMS: (adj) disloyal, indifferent, unfaithful, neglectful, uncaring, unenthusiastic, unattached, lukewarm, inconstant, halfhearted, disobedient

282 devotion: (n) allegiance, attachment, dedication, loyalty, worship, affection, enthusiasm, fondness, devotedness; (adj, n) veneration, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) disloyalty, negligence, apathy, disobedience, neglect, hatred, separation, dishonesty, infidelity devour: (v) eat, bolt, gulp, demolish, guzzle, swallow, gorge, ingurgitate, gobble, use up, absorb. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, abstain, regurgitate, nibble, fast, sip dewy: (adj) wet, dank, bedewed, humid, moist, damp, fresh, new, roric, undried, rorid diadem: (n) crown, coronet, tiara, circlet, sovereignty, headdress, crest, power, capitulum, cap of maintenance, crown jewels diagonally: (adv) obliquely, slantingly, crossways, transversely, slopingly, aslantly, biasly, slantedly, slantways, cornerwise, bias. ANTONYM: (adv) square diamonds: (n) hearts, ice, spades, sparkler, clubs dickens: (n) devil, demon, exclaiming, exclamation, the Devil, Satan, fiend, urchin, Beelzebub, Charles Dickens; (adj) mischievous diffident: (adj) coy, modest, reserved, shy, timid, tentative, unassuming, retiring, hesitant, backward, selfconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj) outgoing, confident, brash, assertive, unrepentant, brave, arrogant, approachable digging: (n) excavation, excavating, digs, dug, excavate, take, locality, mining, barb, creating by removal, attack reception dignified: (adj) exalted, majestic, noble, grand, lofty, respectable, solemn, distinguished, lordly, high; (adj, v) great. ANTONYMS: (adj) undignified, foolish, dishonorable, boisterous, unceremonious, unseemly, vulgar, poor, lowly, modest, base dignity: (n) degree, prestige, glory, decorum, face, distinction, honor, majesty, eminence, solemnity; (adj, n) decency. ANTONYMS: (n) lowliness, indecency, impropriety, simplicity, cheerfulness, austerity dilution: (n) lotion, weakening, maceration, rarefaction, adulteration, diluting, thinning, solution, yield dilution, intensity, concentration diminutive: (adj) minute, Lilliputian,

A Reflection small, petite, tiny, bantam, baby, exiguous, short, miniature, midget. ANTONYMS: (adj) big, huge, gigantic, large, giant, tall dimly: (adv) obscurely, darkly, faintly, dully, duskily, vaguely, shadowily, hazily, gloomily, somberly; (adj, adv) palely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clearly, strongly, distinctly dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast, dining, meal, give, have supper, take tea, grub, consume, entertain. ANTONYM: (v) abstain dingy: (adj) dark, black, drab, dull, muddy, impure, dim, seedy, dowdy, unclean, grimy. ANTONYMS: (adj) immaculate, spotless, sparkling, bright, neat, brilliant, interesting, smart dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat dining-room: (n) canteen, restaurant dipped: (adj) immersed, unfit, swaybacked, lordotic, curved in, swayback directed: (adj) oriented, manageable, destined, concentrating, intent, formal, absorbed, prescript, focussed; (v) instruct; (adv) under directions: (n) advice, instruction, guidance, instructions, briefing, commands, orders, will directory: (n) file, record, list, handbook, roll, catalog, guide, listing, reference book, register, Chamber of Deputies disagreeable: (adj) nasty, offensive, uncomfortable, distasteful, cantankerous, cross, ungrateful, abhorrent, horrible, bad, painful. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, friendly, amiable, inoffensive, acceptable, desirable, easygoing, happy, pleasing, sweet, nice disagreeably: (adv) nastily, unappealingly, offensively, cheerlessly, badly, distastefully, objectionably, unsympathetically. ANTONYMS: (adv) agreeably, sweetly, warmly, attractively disappear: (v) vanish, melt, fade, depart, dematerialize, sink, die out, pass, go, end, extinguish. ANTONYMS: (v) appear, stay, arrive, show, materialize, grow, surge, wax, continue, increase disappointed: (adj) despondent, disgruntled, regretful, dissatisfied, depressed, sad, unhappy, frustrated, disenchanted, dejected, disappoint. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleased, satisfied, composed, happy,

triumphant, fulfilled, cheerful, idealistic disapproval: (n) condemnation, disapprobation, censure, blame, criticism, dislike, disfavor, dissent, objection, dispraise, denunciation. ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, commendation, favor, respect, pleasure, acceptance, praise, admiration, enthusiasm disapproved: (adj) old-fashioned, contraband, chid disapproving: (adj) critical, unfavorable, severe, disapprove, serious, reproachful, reproving, unconstructive, dim, depressing, stern. ANTONYMS: (adj) complimentary, affectionate, hopeful, cordial, admiring, favorable, constructive disapprovingly: (adv) reproachfully, disdainfully, unenthusiastically, unhelpfully, harmfully, pessimistically, unconstructively, depressingly, critically, unsympathetically, scornfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) favorably, positively, hopefully, affectionately, respectfully, helpfully disarming: (adj) charming, ingratiating, conciliatory, deferential, engaging, winning, endearing, captivating; (v) disarm; (n) demobilisation, demobilization. ANTONYMS: (n) arming; (adj) annoying, repulsive, irritating, obnoxious, offensive, unpleasant disband: (v) break up, dismiss, disintegrate, disperse, dissolve, discharge, demobilize, dispel, disenthral, disenthrall, demob. ANTONYMS: (v) inaugurate, unite, mobilize discarded: (adj) waste, junked, scrap, unwanted, unnecessary, useless, throwaway, surplus, superfluous, unused, obsolete discern: (v) differentiate, see, comprehend, detect, distinguish, make out, perceive, find, note; (n, v) descry; (adj, v) recognize. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, neglect, disregard, observe, overlook discernible: (adj) observable, apparent, visible, appreciable, conspicuous, detectable, evident, noticeable, obvious, audible, palpable. ANTONYMS: (adj) indiscernible, unrecognizable, indistinguishable, obscure, obscured, unnoticeable, invisible, undetectable

Kate Chopin discernment: (n, v) appreciation, sense, apprehension; (n) comprehension, discretion, taste, understanding, insight, discrimination, perception, recognition. ANTONYMS: (n) ignorance, tastelessness, uncouthness, clumsiness discomfort: (n) uneasiness, annoyance, unease, anxiety, distress, displeasure, agitation, hurt, malaise, suffering, restlessness. ANTONYMS: (n, v) ease, comfort; (n) enjoyment, pleasure, calmness, calm; (v) relieve, alleviate discordant: (adj) conflicting, dissonant, jarring, raucous, incompatible, discrepant, inconsistent, disharmonious, harsh, hoarse, incongruous. ANTONYMS: (adj) musical, melodic, compatible, pleasant, cooperating, accordant, agreeable, agreeing, soft discourage: (n, v) daunt, intimidate, dampen, cow, abash; (v) dishearten, demoralize, depress, dismay, deject, dispirit. ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, promote, persuade, support, endorse, cheer, advocate, convince, urge, embolden, inspire discouragement: (n) dismay, disappointment, despair, determent, depression, deterrent, despondency, check, dejection, dissuasion, alarm. ANTONYMS: (n) incentive, boost, hopefulness discouraging: (adj) discouragingly, chill, disappointing, disheartening, bad, bleak, gloomy, sad, demoralizing, daunting, dispiriting. ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging, uplifting, inspiring, heartening, comfortable, hopeful discourtesy: (n) indignity, rudeness, incivility, affront, contempt, contumely, insult, abruptness, brusqueness, impudence, bad manners. ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, civility discreditable: (adj, n) disgraceful; (adj) dishonorable, shameful, dishonourable, scandalous, reprehensible, outrageous, ignoble, humiliating, base, reproachful discriminating: (adj) discerning, astute, discriminate, refined, penetrating, keen, sharp, critical, discriminatingly, characteristic, distinctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) indiscriminate, indiscriminating, uncritical, stupid discrimination: (n) difference,

distinction, taste, differentiation, discretion, sense, prejudice, favoritism, wisdom, acumen; (n, v) judgment. ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance, impartiality, justice, unity, tastelessness, fairness, equality, uncouthness disfigured: (adj) crooked, ugly, spoil, damage, deform, shabby, hurt, shapeless, dishonest, stained, blemished disguising: (n) cover-up disgust: (n) antipathy, aversion, abhorrence, abomination, detestation, dislike, repugnance; (n, v) shock, distaste; (v) nauseate, displease. ANTONYMS: (n, v) delight; (n) love, attraction, liking, adoration; (v) attract, allure, charm, entice, please disheartened: (adj) dejected, depressed, despondent, dispirited, demoralized, disappointed, sad, downcast, down, low, daunted. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, enthusiastic, happy, positive, hopeful dishes: (n) food, meal, crockery, dinner service, dishware, menu, plates disinclined: (adj) reluctant, loath, averse, indisposed, loth, backward, not content, opposed, dubious, afraid, not in the vein. ANTONYMS: (adj) tending, willing, leaning, eager, bent, keen, disposed dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection, antipathy, disdain, disfavor, revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination, aversion, distaste; (v) detest. ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness, taste, attraction, enjoyment, preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy, approve, adore dismantled: (adj) razed, destroyed dismay: (adj, n, v) appall; (v) depress, dishearten, discourage, horrify; (n) consternation, discouragement; (n, v) daunt, affright; (adj, n) terror, dread. ANTONYMS: (n, v) delight; (v) stimulate, assure, ensure, encourage, elate; (n) spirit, satisfaction, mettle, resolution, assurance disorder: (n, v) ailment, disarray, disease, jumble, muddle; (n) clutter, disturbance, disarrangement; (v) derange, confuse, perturb. ANTONYMS: (n, v) order; (n) orderliness, calm, peace, tranquility, health; (v) organize, align, arrange, systematize, neaten

283 dispelling: (n) evaporation displayed: (adj) extendant, expanded, splay dispose: (n, v) incline, order, influence; (v) adjust, predispose, position, place, lead, tend; (n) bias, array. ANTONYMS: (v) disturb, disqualify, displace, disorder, disincline, disarrange disposing: (adv) disposingly; (v) dispose; (adj) decretive, dispositive; (n) distribution disposition: (n) attitude, character, disposal, tendency, predisposition, inclination, propensity, bias, arrangement, direction, aptitude disquieting: (adj) alarming, worrying, distressing, troublesome, disturbing, shocking, uncomfortable, discompose, restless, unsettling, uneasy. ANTONYMS: (adj) reassuring, soothing, settling, pacifying, calming, comforting disregard: (n, v) disdain, slight, scorn; (n) carelessness, contempt; (v) discount, defy, despise, cut, flout; (adj, v) overlook. ANTONYMS: (v) notice, heed, value, obey, accept, consider; (n) respect, thoughtfulness, consideration, attention; (n, v) regard dissembled: (adj) secret, treacherous dissenting: (adj) dissident, heretical, discordant, profane, unorthodox, uncooperative, skeptical, sacrilegious, recalcitrant; (v) disagreeing, disagree. ANTONYMS: (adj) conformist, cooperative dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution, licentiousness, extravagance, excess, profligacy, consumption, decomposition, disintegration; (n, v) diffusion, dissemination. ANTONYMS: (n) appearance, growth, restraint, moderation, decency, uprightness dissolution: (n) breakup, decomposition, cancellation, abolition, analysis, dismissal, dissipation, death, annulment, demise, dissociation. ANTONYMS: (n) inauguration, parsimony, decency distinguish: (v) discriminate, perceive, know, describe, make out, discover, descry, behold, identify, recognize, separate. ANTONYMS: (v) mistake, confound, ignore, Miss, unite, demean distinguished: (adj) dignified, celebrated, illustrious, renowned, conspicuous, important, reputable,

284 great, noble, high, well-known. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, insignificant, undignified, Standard, pedestrian, low, common, coarse, base, undistinguished, modest distorted: (adj) deformed, contorted, twisted, misshapen, perverted, wry, bent, misrepresented, malformed, distort; (adj, adv) awry. ANTONYMS: (adj) unchanged, distinct, balanced, perfect distress: (n, v) pain, torment, trouble, concern, torture, upset, worry; (n) anguish, agony; (adj, n) difficulty, grief. ANTONYMS: (n, v) comfort; (v) please, soothe, relieve; (n) peace, encouragement, straightforwardness, solace, relieving, relief, prosperity distribute: (v) apportion, allot, dispense, disperse, administer, disseminate, assign, diffuse, deal out, circulate; (n, v) deal. ANTONYMS: (v) amass, collect, gather, hoard, store, hold, garner, disorder, disarray, declassify, keep disturb: (v) trouble, disorder, disconcert, distress, perturb, disquiet, distract, discompose, disrupt, upset, concern. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, please, soothe, smooth, order, reassure, sort, settle, respect, quiet, organize disturbance: (n, v) commotion, brawl; (n) disorder, turmoil, upset, derangement, dislocation, disruption, tumult, din; (adj, n, v) trouble. ANTONYMS: (n) stillness, peace, satisfaction, serenity, respect, accord disturbed: (adj, v) concerned; (adj) anxious, disquieted, upset, confused, worried, restless, disordered, unsettled, distressed, turbulent. ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, relaxed, calm, sane, unaffected, unbroken, peaceful, stable, carefree, unconcerned, untroubled disturbing: (adj) disquieting, alarming, disconcerting, worrying, bothersome, worrisome, upsetting, unsettling, troubling, troublesome, distressful. ANTONYMS: (adj) soothing, comforting, pleasing, pleasant disuse: (n) desuetude, discontinuance, discontinuation, obsolescence, abandonment, carelessness, closedown, disusage, intermission; (v) have done with, leave off

A Reflection diverse: (adj) assorted, dissimilar, various, several, mixed, distinct, disparate, variant, divergent; (adj, v) divers, sundry. ANTONYMS: (adj) homogeneous, similar, same, alike, conforming, uniform, equivalent, identical, limited, like, parallel diversified: (adj) diverse, different, heterogeneous, manifold, divers, varied, altered, multifarious, motley, assorted, miscellaneous diversion: (n) amusement, entertainment, pastime, deviation, distraction, detour, fun, sport, recreation, digression, deflexion divine: (adj) sacred, wonderful, blessed, holy, exquisite; (n) clergyman; (v) guess, conjecture, augur, anticipate; (adj, n) almighty. ANTONYMS: (adj) imperfect, profane, earthly, dreadful, physical, ugly, secular doggie: (n) barker, dog, pooch dollar: (n) greenback, note, coin, cartwheel, clam, bill, dollars, silver dollar, sterling coin, symbol, currency dollars: (n) bread dominated: (adj) under enemy control, conquered, dominated by, henpecked, obsessed, occupied, subject, subjugated, submissive don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition dormer: (n) window, lantern, dormer window doubled: (adj) twofold, multiple, doubles, folded, repeated, dual, bivalent, reduplicate doubted: (adj) distrusted, suspected doubtless: (adv) assuredly, undoubtedly, probably, unquestionably, clearly, without doubt, presumably; (adj) sure; (adv, v) questionless; (adj, adv) no doubt, to be sure. ANTONYMS: (adj) improbably, uncertain, unlikely, questionable downward: (adv) underneath, under, below, downwards, downwardly, beneath, down below; (adj) downcast, sloping, depressed, downright. ANTONYMS: (adv) up; (adj) rising drag: (v) attract, draw, lug, cart, heave, tow; (n, v) pull, puff; (adv, v) trail; (n) bother; (adj) dragging. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure; (v) hasten, hurry, shove, speed, rush, propel, fly dragged: (adj) depressed, dejected, upset, unhappy, spent, dispirited,

somber, melancholy, gloomy, joyless, low dragging: (n) pulled wire, stemming, haulage; (adj) slow, sickly, slack, unfit, sluggish, tardy, tedious; (v) involve. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, energizing, exciting, prompt, short drained: (adj) tired, weary, spent, dead, wiped out, beat, pooped, depleted, effete, run-down; (adj, v) dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) undrained, bouncy, lively, energized, relaxed, vigorous, zippy, refreshed, fresh, strong draining: (n) drainage, emptying, refinement; (adj) wearing, ruinous, tiresome, fatiguing, irksome, tiring, strenuous; (v) consume. ANTONYM: (adj) undemanding dramatically: (adv) spectacularly, theatrically, strikingly, vividly, emotionally, suddenly, fabulously, outstandingly, stunningly, amazingly, meaningfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) modestly, blandly, mildly drank: (v) absorb draped: (adj) mantled, covered, cloaked, clothed, curtained, disguised, absorbed, clad drapery: (n) drape, clothing, dress, blind, raiment, costume, toilette, furnishings, trim, guise, toilet drawer: (n) draftsman, drawers, till, designer, box car, cartoonist, commode, engraver, chest, case, locker drawers: (n) knickers, pants, tights, shorts, bloomers, briefs, underwear, breeches, underpants, underdrawers, trousers drawl: (adv) creep, loiter, linger, saunter; (adj) dawdle, slouch, hang back, droil; (v) mouth, pronounce, enounce. ANTONYMS: (v) contract, shorten, abridge dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear, panic; (n) anxiety, awe, consternation, alarm, trepidation, dismay, foreboding, terror. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, welcomed, pleasant; (v) welcome, want; (n) reassurance, fearlessness, confidence, security, ease, calm dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming, atrocious, fearful, terrible, abominable, appalling, direful, grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, great, lovely, fantastic, marvelous, admirable, successful, nice, joyous, honorable,

Kate Chopin fair dreaming: (n) reverie, ambition, nightmare, conception, castle in the air; (adj) absent-minded, asleep, visionary, vacant, wistful, rapt dreamy: (adj) faraway, romantic, impractical, somnolent, visionary, sleepy, pensive, moony, idealistic, drowsy; (v) balmy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cynical, vigorous, pragmatic, practical, awake, alert, ordinary, prosaic dreary: (adj) depressing, drab, dull, cheerless, drear, miserable, gloomy, dark, dismal, stuffy, disconsolate. ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, cheerful, sunny, brilliant, lively, light, exciting, clear, cheery, pleasant, exotic dresser: (n) cabinet, chest of drawers, bureau, commode, chest, sideboard, chiffonier, toilet table, assistant, dressing table, table dressing: (n) bandage, stuffing, fertilization, binding, bandaging, scolding, fertilizer, manure, compress, preparation, farce dried: (adj) arid, desiccated, dehydrated, shriveled, shrunken, drained, torrid, parched, withered; (n) drier, dryer drift: (adj, n) stream; (n) current, course, tendency, tone, intent; (adj, n, v) flow; (n, v) aim, blow; (v) ramble, float. ANTONYMS: (v) guide, struggle, set, sink, aim, repel drifting: (adj, adv) aimless, wandering; (adv) adrift; (adj) floating, nomadic, vagabond, rootless, roaming, wayfaring, migratory; (n) running with the regulator closed. ANTONYM: (adj) resident drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, intake, potation, drunkenness, crapulence, boozing, drinkable, uptake, intemperateness, booze drinks: (n) refreshments, food and drink dripping: (adj) wet, damp, drenched, sodden, soaked, soggy; (adj, adv) sopping, soaking; (adj, v) reeking; (n) dribble, a drop. ANTONYM: (adj) lacking droll: (adj) comical, humorous, funny, laughable, burlesque, ludicrous, ridiculous; (adj, n) comic, witty; (n) buffoon, clown. ANTONYMS: (adj) dramatic, dull, grave, tragic, solemn droop: (adj, v) decline; (v) dangle, wilt, hang, flag, sink, slump, loll,

collapse; (n, v) sag, pine. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, bloom dropping: (adj) dropped, down, fatigued, plunging, plummeting, dipping; (n) sagging, reducing, sinking, dropping of the launcher stages, dispatching drowned: (adj) prostrate, sunken; (v) drenched, drent drowsily: (adv) sleepily, lethargically, somnolently, lazily, dozily, indolently, sluggishly, soporifically, slowly, dreamily, languorously. ANTONYM: (adv) vigorously drowsiness: (n) sleepiness, lethargy, dullness, doziness, laziness, somnolency, inertia, drowse, lassitude, languor, sluggishness. ANTONYM: (n) alertness drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy, comatose, somnolent, slow, lethargic, sluggish, dull, indolent, soporific, listless. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, awake, lively, vigorous, vivacious, refreshed drunk: (adj) tipsy, wet, tight, blotto, drunken, inebriated; (adj, n) inebriate; (n) boozer, dipsomaniac, drunkard, drinker. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, clearheaded; (n) teetotaler drying: (n) curing, desiccation, seasoning, dryness, ventilation, drying up, aeration, airing; (adj) desiccative, siccative, parching dual: (adj) duplex, geminate, binary, twofold, twin, duple, doubled, twoply, doubles, duals, paired. ANTONYM: (adj) individual duds: (n) threads, clothes, togs, apparel, wear, garment, thing, vesture, dress, attire, garb duel: (v) combat, duello, contest, buck, repel, resist; (n, v) fight, tilt; (n) affaire d'honneur, monomachy, prize fight duet: (n) twosome, deuce, brace, pair, duo, duetto, dyad, two, Twain, Gemini, twins dull: (adj) dreary, dense, sluggish, dismal, slack, torpid; (adj, v) blunt, stupid; (v) deaden, dampen; (adj, n) cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively, sharp, stimulating, exciting, lustrous, interesting, exhilarating, varied, glossy, glittery, luminous dulled: (adj) dull, blunted, benumbed, duller, blunt, uninterested, rounded, jaded, grayed, colorless, deadened dumb: (adj) mute, speechless, dense,

285 dim, silent, dull, slow, stupid, inarticulate, foolish, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, communicative, intelligent, loquacious, sharp, smart, speaking, brilliant, talkative dupe: (n, v) fool, con, gull; (v) defraud, bamboozle, beguile, deceive, take in, kid, trick; (n) victim. ANTONYM: (v) enlighten dusk: (n) nightfall, twilight, darkness, gloaming, sunset, gloom, night, shade, shadow, sundown; (adj) dusky. ANTONYMS: (n) dawn, light, daybreak, morning, afternoon dusky: (adj) dark, cloudy, gloomy, black, swarthy, dull, murky, obscure, dingy, sooty, somber. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, bright, sunny, radiant, clear duster: (n) rag, smock, dustcloth, dust storm, dusting machine, spray, dishcloth, dustrag; (v) doily, doyley, sponge dwarfed: (adj) stunted, dwarfish, deformed, diminutive, Lilliputian, poor, short dwell: (adj, v) inhabit; (v) reside, bide, live, stay, lodge, delay, occupy, continue, be, settle. ANTONYM: (v) wander dwelling: (n) domicile, home, residence, house, place, accommodation, address, building, lodge, habitation; (adj, n) dwell dwelt: (v) dwell, inhabit dying: (n) death, demise, decease, mortality; (adj) vanishing, moribund, last, final, ultimate, failing, ebbing. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, well, opening, aborning, developing, flourishing, growing, reviving, rejuvenating; (n) birth eager: (adj) avid, ardent, agog, acute, zealous, enthusiastic, keen, ambitious, industrious, studious; (adj, n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unconcerned, apathetic, disinterested, unwilling, unenthusiastic, lukewarm, patient, reluctant, listless, bored eagerly: (adv) zealously, readily, keenly, fervently, avidly, greedily, enthusiastically, intently, earnestly, impatiently, actively. ANTONYMS: (adv) apathetically, nonchalantly, grudgingly, patiently, halfheartedly, reluctantly, unenthusiastically eagerness: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (n) enthusiasm, avidity, cupidity, readiness, passion, keenness, ambition, fervor, avidness.

286 ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, unwillingness, aloofness, disinterest, lethargy, listlessness, patience, gloom, reluctance earliest: (adj) earlier, early, initial, primordial, matutinal, original, primitive, aboriginal, chief, foremost, opening. ANTONYMS: (adj) latest, subsequent, contemporary earn: (v) acquire, deserve, get, attain, win, bring in, bring, achieve, bear, merit, yield. ANTONYMS: (v) spend, cost, scatter earnest: (adj, v) devout; (adj) eager, solemn, heartfelt, diligent, studious, sincere, intense, ardent, staid; (n) guarantee. ANTONYMS: (adj) flippant, halfhearted, uncertain, insincere, unimportant, nonchalant, lethargic, apathetic, unenthusiastic, indifferent, frivolous earnestness: (n) seriousness, sincerity, gravity, fervor, devotion, graveness, staidness, honesty; (adj, n) ardor, zeal, intentness. ANTONYMS: (n) slackness, lightness, carelessness, frivolousness, cheerfulness, insincerity, flippancy earthling: (n) earthman, mortal, inhabitant, man, terrestrial, denizen, dweller, tellurian earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj) carnal, worldly, conceivable, human, geotic, secular, terrene, temporal, telluric, sublunary. ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, divine, ethereal, immortal, impossible, improbable, inconceivable, celestial easy-going: (adj) carefree, indulgent, easygoing, tranquil, tolerant, slack, lax, tender, amiable, breezy, unsociable eaten: (v) eat eaves: (n) arch, balcony, cupola, dome, penthouse, eave, overhang, attic, loft, projection, roof space echo: (n, v) answer, repeat, resound, rebound, reply; (v) reproduce, reverberate, imitate; (n) repercussion, reaction, replication ecstasy: (n) delight, rapture, joy, bliss, delirium, happiness, trance, enthusiasm, exaltation, elation; (n, v) transport. ANTONYMS: (n) desolation, gloom, downheartedness, melancholy, depression, dejection, anguish, sadness, despair, agony, bore efface: (v) cancel, erase, obliterate, destroy, expunge, wipe out,

A Reflection suppress, sponge, blot out, blur, raze effectually: (adv) efficaciously, effectively, validly, adequately, potently, tellingly, strongly, decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv) ineffectually effrontery: (n) audacity, brass, presumption, face, boldness, insolence, nerve, impertinence, impudence, rudeness, assurance. ANTONYMS: (n) timidity, deference, courtesy effulgence: (n) brilliance, brightness, radiancy, glow, radiance, luster, burnish, glory, shine, sheen, refulgence effusive: (adj) emotional, ebullient, exuberant, expansive, talkative, warm, burbling, burbly, unrestrained, hearty, immoderate. ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, reserved, restrained, constrained, shy; (adv) partially eiderdown: (n) duvet, quilt, continental quilt, antimacassar, pillowslip, numdah, pillowcase, comforter, down ejaculatory: (adj) distinct, interjectional, jaculatory, oral, articulate elaborate: (v) develop, specify, amplify, work out, expand, expound, detail; (adj) careful, complicated, complex, involved. ANTONYMS: (adj) plain, simple, modest, common, stark, straightforward, uncomplicated, uninvolved; (v) simplify, condense, contract elbow: (n, v) poke, nudge, jolt; (n) cubitus, elbow joint, angle, articulation; (v) jostle, push, shove, crowd elevated: (adj) exalted, towering, noble, lofty, grand, great, majestic, tall, elated, magnanimous; (adj, v) steep. ANTONYMS: (adj) base, lowly, decreased, humble, inferior, lessened, low, sunken, undignified, lowered elevation: (n) height, highness, exaltation, ascent, climb, hill, aggrandizement, raise, El, Alt, stature. ANTONYMS: (n) degradation, descent, levelness, depression, downgrading, demotion, drop, depth elevator: (n) levator, extensor, crane, lifter, rise, winch, ski lift, silo, paternoster; (v) dumbwaiter,

escalator elude: (adj, v) evade, circumvent; (v) dodge, duck, avoid, skirt, escape, baffle, defy, shirk, bilk. ANTONYMS: (v) face, encounter, meet, acquire elusive: (adj) evasive, intangible, shifty, slippery, fugitive, ambiguous, artful, impalpable, cramped, indefinable; (adj, v) insidious. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, tangible, definite, concrete, overpowering embarrassed: (adj) awkward, abashed, uncomfortable, disconcerted, bashful, sheepish, shy, shamefaced, mortified, discomfited, chagrined. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, unabashed, natural, talkative embarrassment: (n) abashment, difficulty, quandary, discomfiture, humiliation, bewilderment, mortification, uneasiness, shame; (n, v) distress; (adj, n) dilemma. ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, honor, pride, shortage embers: (v) cinder, ash, scoriae; (n) fire, ashes embodiment: (n) shape, epitome, incarnation, avatar, amalgamation, union, unification, incorporation, coalescence, cast; (adj) integration embrace: (v) comprise, adopt, comprehend, contain, admit, espouse, include; (n, v) clasp, hug, grip, bosom. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, exclude, spurn, shun, renounce, release, loose, disbelieve embroider: (v) embellish, adorn, decorate, broider, trim, hyperbolize, stitch, ornament, glorify, lard; (adv, v) color. ANTONYMS: (v) understate, unpick, deemphasize, minimize embroidered: (adj) ornate, inflated, exaggerated, bewrought, decorated emerge: (v) come out, spring, emanate, arise, transpire, surface, rise, develop, come forth, issue, occur. ANTONYMS: (v) leave, fade, recede, sink emotion: (n) love, feeling, passion, heart, commotion, mood, pathos, excitement, sensibility; (n, v) sensation; (v) impression. ANTONYMS: (n) detachment, coldness, unfeelingness, calmness emotions: (n) reputation, emotion, feeling, temperament, personality, character, disposition, breast, bosom emphasized: (adj) accentuated,

Kate Chopin accented, stressed, emphatic emphasizing: (n) accenting, accentuation, accent, emphasise, stressing, emphasize, action emphatic: (adj) decided, categorical, expressive, forceful, pronounced, assertive, loud, important, emphatical, insistent; (adj, v) absolute. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, unassertive, understated, unemphatic, halfhearted employ: (v) use, apply, exploit, consume, wield, hire, engage, exercise, work, busy, utilize. ANTONYMS: (v) fire, dismiss, can, ignore, misuse, sack, underuse; (n) unemployment emptied: (adj) empty, void, depleted, emptier, annulled, open, vacuous enamored: (adj) loving, smitten, crazy, taken with, dotty, amorous, besotted, captivated, hooked, mad, enamoured. ANTONYMS: (adj) sickened, repelled enchantment: (n) attraction, captivation, charm, conjuration, sorcery, spell, bewitchment, incantation, delight, bewitchery; (adj, n) rapture. ANTONYMS: (n) displeasure, discomfort encircled: (adj) enclosed, bounded, circinate, circular, decorated, delimited, ringed, wreathed, bordered, annulated, annular encircling: (adj, prep) surrounding; (prep) around; (adj) comprehensive, encompassing, roundabout, circuitous, rotary, circumferential, inclusive; (v) encircle enclose: (v) contain, confine, circumscribe, corral, enfold, encircle, envelop, cover; (adv, v) encompass, beset; (adv) compass. ANTONYMS: (v) expose, release, unwrap, lack enclosing: (n) enclose, inclosure, boxing, encasement, introduction, insertion, intromission, surrounding, incasement, grip, envelopment enclosure: (n) appendage, annex, cage, appendix, addendum, barrier, enclosing, pen, yard, hedge, addition encounter: (n) collision, conflict, battle, action, confrontation, brush; (n, v) combat, contest, rencounter; (v) confront, face. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, surrender, evade, avoid, yield; (n) shunning, avoidance, withdrawal encouragement: (n) aid, support,

promotion, backing, incentive, cheer, consolation, boost, advocacy, fosterage, assistance. ANTONYMS: (n) neglect, deflation, disheartening, disincentive, dissuasion, opposition, deterrent encumbered: (adj) burdened, burdensome, weighed down, heavy, deep, clayey, cloggy. ANTONYM: (adj) unencumbered encumbrance: (n) check, hindrance, load, burden, barrier, impediment, tie, obstacle, imposition, charge, onus endearingly: (adv) lovely, sweetly, engagingly, charmingly, attractively endeavor: (n, v) struggle, try, strain; (n) effort, trial, essay, shot, enterprise, work; (v) strive, aim. ANTONYMS: (n, v) neglect endeavoring: (n) effort; (adj) aspiring ending: (n) conclusion, end, closure, close, completion, finish, termination, dissolution, death; (adj, n) closing, last. ANTONYMS: (n) beginning, middle, commencement, inauguration, kickoff, prelude, establishment; (adj) first energetic: (adj) animated, brisk, busy, driving, dynamic, powerful, strong, effective, agile, emphatic, forcible. ANTONYMS: (adj) sluggish, lazy, weary, languid, inactive, exhausted, indolent, apathetic, dull, indifferent, listless energetically: (adv) vigorously, strongly, actively, briskly, lustily, forcefully, lively, forcibly, powerfully, spiritedly, strenuously. ANTONYMS: (adv) idly, quietly, lifelessly, resignedly, indifferently, feebly, wearily, languorously, lazily, sluggishly, passively enfeebled: (adj) infirm, enervated, feeble, decrepit, crippled, old, adynamic; (adj, v) sickly, vacillating; (v) weak, accessible enfolding: (n) change of shape, involution, elaborateness engage: (v) contract, book, employ, retain, absorb, charter, draw, rent; (n, v) attract, enlist, betroth. ANTONYMS: (v) disengage, release, evade, bore, can, discharge, disconnect, dismiss, eject, terminate, escape engaged: (adj) occupied, betrothed, employed, affianced, engrossed, reserved, absorbed, working, pledged, involved, committed. ANTONYMS: (adj) free, unengaged, unemployed, uncommitted,

287 unattached, single, detached, idle engagement: (n, v) combat, battle, action, fight, contest; (n) conflict, commitment, appointment, contract, duty, date. ANTONYM: (n) disengagement engaging: (adj, v) charming, inviting, prepossessing; (adj) attractive, interesting, lovable, delightful, appealing, pleasant, captivating; (adv) engagingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) repulsive, loathsome, repellant, unattractive, undesirable, unlikable, dull, unpleasant, repellent enjoyment: (n) delight, appreciation, gratification, comfort, relish, satisfaction, happiness, delectation, gusto, amusement, diversion. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, abhorrence, antipathy, apathy, aversion, discomfort, displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, repulsion, sorrow enlightenment: (n) light, information, education, culture, civilization, instruction, wisdom, illumination, notice, Age of Reason; (n, v) knowledge enliven: (v) animate, inspire, refresh, encourage, exhilarate, elate, liven up, stimulate, invigorate, energize; (adj, v) brighten. ANTONYMS: (v) bore, subdue, tire, spoil, dull, deflate, dampen, deaden, exhaust, depress enlivened: (adj) bouncy, active, spirited, alive, bouncing ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness, melancholy, monotony, tediousness, dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, energy, interest enormously: (adv) hugely, prodigiously, mightily, vastly, immensely, greatly, extremely, massively, infinitely; (adj, adv) monstrously, excessively. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, somewhat, hardly enraptured: (adj) rapt, rapturous, captive, bewitched, rhapsodic, ecstasy, confined, absorbed, jubilant, joyous, enamored enriching: (n) enrichment; (v) enrich; (adj) uplifting, educational, inspiring, elevating, edifying, artistic, enlightening enrolled: (adj) listed, conscript ensconced: (v) imbedded, situate, posited entering: (n) entry, entrance,

288 admission, enrollment, penetration, ingress, registration, encroachment, entree; (adj, n) incoming; (v) go in entertain: (v) amuse, delight, bear, cherish, beguile, admit, accommodate, harbor, hold, distract; (n, v) interest. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard, ignore, banish, forget, tire, displease entertained: (adj) diverted, pleased entertaining: (adj) enjoyable, fun, funny, diverting, witty, merry, comical, laughable, convivial, humorous, droll. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, boring, heavy, slow, tiresome, tiring, unentertaining entertainment: (n) distraction, diversion, enjoyment, show, pleasure, recreation, fun, reception, pastime; (adj, n) party; (n, v) regalement. ANTONYMS: (n) job, boredom, discomfort enthralled: (adj) charmed, spellbound, fascinated, absorbed, rapt, enslaved, engrossed, delighted, beguiled, bond, enchanted entourage: (n) cortege, milieu, court, attendant, setting, environs, environment, suite, precincts, following, train entrancing: (adj) captivating, enthralling, bewitching, fascinating, charming, attractive, magnetic, glamorous, tempting, engaging, enticing. ANTONYM: (adj) boring entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore, pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure, crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand, reject entreatingly: (adv) imploringly, suppliantly, pleadingly, importunately entreaty: (n) plea, prayer, request, petition, adjuration, supplication, suit, demand, desire, invocation; (v) solicitation envelope: (n, v) covering, cloak, blanket; (n) casing, container, pack, case, coating, jacket, integument, vesicle enveloped: (adj) convoluted, enclosed, cover, bounded, Byzantine, clothed, involved, misty, swallowed, vestured, emotionally involved enviable: (adj) invidious, advantageous, envious, happy, pleasing, attractive. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwelcomed, undesirable, undesired, unpleasant envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n) enviousness, desire, heartburning,

A Reflection resentment, envies, heartburn, jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous. ANTONYM: (n) generosity episode: (n) affair, incident, chapter, event, occurrence, occasion, installment, happening, circumstance, subdivision, anecdote erect: (adj) upright, vertical, straightforward; (v) build, raise, rear, construct, assemble, lift, put up, put together. ANTONYMS: (v) dismantle, wreck, topple, level, demolish, destroy; (adj) prostrate, drooping, prone, flaccid, flat escaped: (adj) at large, at liberty, loose, on the loose, runaway, easy, wild; (n) freer; (v) escaping escaping: (n) evasion, getaway, break, breakout, running away, running off, run-around; (adj) fugitive escort: (n, v) chaperon, attend, convoy, guard, guide, conduct, date; (v) accompany, see; (n) suite, attendant. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, desert, leave, follow esplanade: (n) walkway, park, parade, mall, public walk, place, boulevard, path; (adj, n) terrace; (adj) parterre, estrade espousal: (n) adoption, engagement, bridal, acceptance, advocacy, backing, aid, marriage, wedding, assistance, rite. ANTONYM: (n) opposition espoused: (adj) affianced, matrimonial, betrothed; (n) better half esprit: (n) wit, animation, life, salt, sagacity, d'Esprit, vivacity, sprightliness, point, whim, quick parts esteem: (n) deference, admiration; (n, v) respect, value, consideration, account; (v) appreciate, deem, adore, admire, count. ANTONYMS: (v) scorn, hate, disdain, insult, despise, abominate, abhor, dislike, reject; (n) disesteem, disapproval esteemed: (adj) dear, reputable, respected, honorable, noble, honored, prestigious, important, distinguished, August, respect. ANTONYM: (adj) disreputable eternal: (adj) constant, perpetual, ceaseless, everlasting, lasting, continual, aeonian, immortal, boundless, deathless, enduring. ANTONYMS: (adj) mortal, finite, brief, ephemeral, fleeting, terminable, ending, fragile, inconstant

eternity: (n) aeon, afterlife, forever, perpetuity, timelessness, endlessness, everlasting, endless time, everlastingness, everness, existence. ANTONYMS: (n) finiteness, impermanence ether: (adj) air, elastic fluid, anaesthetic agent, steam, flatus, fume, reek, vapor; (n) divinyl ether, firmament, vinyl ether evasive: (adj) shifty, oblique, ambiguous, devious, elusory, shuffling, roundabout, deceitful, equivocal, indefinite, furtive. ANTONYMS: (adj) forthright, direct, unambiguous, straightforward, honest, candid, straight, clear, careless evasiveness: (n) avoid, equivocation, escape, shun, evade, untruthfulness, avoidance, obviation, secretiveness, equivocalness, conspiracy. ANTONYM: (n) honesty everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless, endless, constant, continual, perpetual, immortal, deathless, ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting. ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, ephemeral, fleeting, mortal, ending, terminating, inconstant, fragile, perishable evidently: (adv) clearly, patently, plainly, obviously, manifestly, openly, certainly, overtly, markedly, conspicuously, palpably. ANTONYMS: (adv) doubtfully, imperceptibly, obscurely, questionably, actually, ambiguously, inconspicuously evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, righteousness, morality; (adj) kindhearted, righteous, benign, moral, pure, upright, virtuous, sinless evil-minded: (adj) malevolent, lascivious exacting: (adj) fastidious, austere, strict, trying, stern, difficult, hard, finicky, nice; (adj, v) exigent; (adj, n) exact. ANTONYMS: (adj) lenient, relaxed, tolerant, unexacting, unfastidious, basic, careless, relaxing exaggerated: (adj) extravagant, theatrical, immoderate, inflated, overdone, hyperbolic, magnified, pretentious, overstated, excessive; (adj, v) hypertrophied. ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained,

Kate Chopin unembellished, minimized exalted: (adj) elevated, eminent, noble, high, August, elated, dignified, great, sublime, grand, big. ANTONYMS: (adj) belittled, condemned, criticized, debased, humble, humiliated, low, lowly, minor, ridiculed, base examining: (v) examine, investigate; (adj) investigative, curious, disquisitive, exploratory, inquiring exceedingly: (adj, adv) very, highly; (adv) too, exceptionally, overly, surpassingly, extraordinarily, greatly, awfully, terrifically, eminently. ANTONYMS: (adv) slightly, hardly, insufficiently, somewhat exceptional: (adj) abnormal, excellent, particular, prodigious, extraordinary, uncommon, singular, unusual, outstanding, unique, superior. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, ordinary, average, normal, usual, poor, abysmal, inferior, unexceptional, regular, everyday excess: (n) extravagance, dissipation, plethora, abundance, exaggeration, overindulgence, surfeit, overabundance, overplus; (adj) extra, unnecessary. ANTONYMS: (n) lack, restraint, moderation, shortfall, dearth, temperance, deficit, insufficiency, justice, scarcity, abstinence excessive: (adj) exaggerated, intense, superfluous, undue, exorbitant, unreasonable, immoderate, enormous, profuse, extravagant, extreme. ANTONYMS: (adj) moderate, affordable, deficient, underdone, insignificant, insufficient, thrifty, skimpy, meager, basic, small exchanged: (adj) counterchanged, bartered, substituted exchanges: (n) communications, relations, interactions excited: (adj, v) animated, ardent; (adj) ablaze, enthusiastic, emotional, frantic, warm, heated, delirious, fervent, passionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cool, unexcited, bored, tranquil, easygoing, disappointed, despairing, comatose, apathetic, sedate, composed exclaiming: (n) deuce, Dickens, ejaculation, exclaim, devil, interjection, ecphonesis exclamation: (n) clamor, ejaculation, exclaiming, utterance, whoop, interjection, shout, expletive, deuce,

Dickens, ecphonesis exclusive: (adj) sole, particular, individual, special, single, private, peculiar, select, choice, undivided; (n) scoop. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, public, vague, unrestricted, shared, open, inferior, collective, cheap, available, admissive excused: (adj) privileged, immune executing: (n) performing, execution, decapitation, capital punishment, electrocution, death penalty, crucifixion, implementation, corporal punishment; (v) perform, execute exhausted: (adj) fatigued, tired, spent, dry, empty, depleted, jaded, enervated, faint; (adj, v) gone, weak. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, refreshed, strong, restored, vigorous, unexhausted, replenished, remaining, energized, invigorated, restocked exhaustion: (n) consumption, enervation, tiredness, lassitude, attrition, weakening, weariness, inanition, weakness; (adj, n) collapse; (adj) prostration. ANTONYMS: (n) vitality, pep, restoration, vim exhibit: (adj, n, v) display; (v) evince, evidence, expose, demonstrate, disclose, flaunt, announce, present, show, produce. ANTONYMS: (v) hide, cover; (n) concealment, hiding exhibited: (adj) ostensible, avowed, apparent, declared expanse: (n) breadth, expansion, space, region, compass, extent, orbit, latitude, acreage, dilation, length. ANTONYM: (n) closeness expectancy: (n) anticipation, expectation, suspense, hope, reversion, prospect, trust, wait, probability, prediction, waiting. ANTONYMS: (n) despair, discouragement explosion: (n) blast, detonation, boom, eruption, bang, fulmination, outbreak, outburst; (adj, n, v) discharge; (adj, n) paroxysm; (n, v) salvo. ANTONYMS: (n) collapse, slump exposed: (adj) open, defenseless, uncovered, unprotected, nude, subject, obvious, naked, bald; (adj, v) vulnerable, liable. ANTONYMS: (adj) covered, hidden, safe, guarded, armed, secluded, sheltered, sheathed, enclosed, safeguarded, protected

289 expressing: (adj) significant; (n) speech expressions: (n) vocabulary, terms, language expressive: (adj) significant, meaningful, descriptive, mobile, revelatory, indicative, articulate, graphic, emphatic, suggestive, vivid. ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional, undemonstrative, nondescript, cold, expressionless, empty, emotionless, inarticulate, innocent, impassive, reserved exquisite: (adj) beautiful, delicate, excellent, dainty, gorgeous, admirable, acute, heavenly, choice, wonderful; (adj, v) delightful. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, inferior, ugly, subdued, rough, poor, coarse, mild, imperfect, horrible, flawed extending: (adj) expanding extraneous: (adj) exterior, foreign, exotic, external, adventitious, outer, outside, irrelevant, unrelated, extrinsic, immaterial. ANTONYMS: (adj) relevant, intrinsic, necessary, essential, integral, native, needed, basic, pertinent extraordinary: (adj) odd, exceptional, curious, rare, special, phenomenal, amazing, astonishing, unusual, strange, abnormal. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, normal, everyday, usual, common, mundane, regular, undistinguished, unremarkable, insignificant, natural extravagant: (adj) wasteful, luxurious, prodigal, exaggerated, profligate, costly, expensive, lavish, immoderate, profuse, undue. ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained, frugal, parsimonious, plain, stingy, understated, thrifty, reasonable, moderate, cautious, tasteful extravagantly: (adv) excessively, immoderately, inordinately, luxuriously, prodigally, wastefully, profligately, profusely, ostentatiously, improvidently, unrestrainedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) economically, stingily, reasonably, meagerly, cheaply, modestly, humbly exuberance: (adj, n) abundance; (n) copiousness, ebullience, happiness, life, affluence, spirit, excess, overflow, joy; (adj) plenty. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, shortage, scarcity, listlessness, lethargy, depression, boredom, sadness, misery exultation: (n) jubilation, joy, delight,

290 ecstasy, elation, rejoicing, revelling, transport, joyousness, bliss, glee. ANTONYMS: (n) depression, desolation, misery, sorrow eyeglasses: (n) spectacles, glasses, goggles, lorgnette, dark glasses fabricated: (adj) fictitious, false, fake, ben trovato, unfounded, pretended, feigned, forged, sham, improbable, made-up. ANTONYMS: (adj) factual, truthful, honest, true faculties: (n) mother wit faculty: (adj, n) capacity, cleverness; (n) aptitude, capability, bent, power, staff, facility; (adj, n, v) talent; (n, v) endowment, gift. ANTONYMS: (n) students, pupils, ineptness, incompetence, incapacity faded: (adj) pale, bleached, dull, exhausted, faint, washy, withered, colorless, discoloured, attenuate; (adj, v) dilapidated. ANTONYMS: (adj) vivid, Colored, colorful, fresh, vigorous, strong, bright fading: (n) attenuation, bleaching, discoloration, disappearance, evaporation, colour fading, decay; (adj) disappearing, paling, weakening, decaying. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, increasing, growing failing: (adj, n) deficiency, blemish, imperfection; (n) fault, shortcoming, failure, weakness, flaw, inadequacy, foible; (adj) declining. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, flourishing, well, strong, growing, healthy; (n) strength, virtue, specialty, capability, passing faint: (adj, n, v) swoon; (adj) dim, feeble, dizzy, indistinct, vague, soft, dull; (adj, v) weak; (v) languish, pass out. ANTONYMS: (adj) distinct, clear, obvious, loud, considerable, pungent, invigorated, hearty, energetic, defined; (v) revive faintly: (adv) dimly, vaguely, indistinctly, lightly, weakly, hazily, slightly, softly, shadowily, infirmly, palely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clearly, intensely, distinctly, overpoweringly, harshly, considerably, powerfully, strongly, brightly, obviously, audibly faintness: (n) weakness, debility, indistinctness, languor, fuzziness, blurriness, fogginess, dullness, ambiguity, lassitude, infirmity. ANTONYMS: (n) acuteness, strength, harshness, clearness, loudness, clarity fame: (n, v) credit, celebrity, report, reputation, renown, cry; (n)

A Reflection distinction, bruit, honor, prestige, buzz. ANTONYMS: (n) infamy, obscurity, anonymity, ignominy, dishonor, commonness, oblivion, criticism familiarity: (adj, n) acquaintance; (n) intimacy, closeness, experience, casualness, conversancy, knowledge, conversance, naturalness, nearness, friendship. ANTONYMS: (n) unfamiliarity, formality, abnormality, distance, animosity familiarly: (adv) intimately, usually, ordinarily, nearly, frequently, commonly, regularly, informally, closely, acquaintedly, conventionally. ANTONYM: (adv) distantly fancied: (adj) unreal, chimerical, fictional, fanciful, fictitious, fabricated, preferred, assumed, illusory, imagined, ideal fancies: (n) stock fancy: (n, v) desire, fantasy, caprice, dream, wish, daydream; (v) imagine, consider; (adj, v) conceive; (n) conception, conceit. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, certainty, actuality, conviction; (adj) unadorned, common; (v) hate, demonstrate, detest, disapprove, test fanning: (n) ventilation fantastic: (adj) bizarre, extraordinary, antic, marvelous, fantastical, grotesque, wonderful, extravagant, terrific, strange, illusory. ANTONYMS: (adj) awful, ordinary, real, unpleasant, tiny, plausible, normal, lousy, little, Lilliputian, poor faraway: (adj) far, preoccupied, remote, outlying, inaccessible, absent, pensive, long, wistful, lost, foreign. ANTONYMS: (adj) close, nearby, alert, neighboring farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, salutation, welcome farming: (n) cultivation, husbandry, culture, gardening, tillage, land, arboriculture, dairying, animal husbandry; (adj) agrarian, agricultural far-off: (adj) distant, far, faraway, outlying, extreme, inaccessible, last, long, obscure, unknown, wide far-reaching: (adj) comprehensive, far-flung, broad, widespread, wide, extensive, extended, expansive,

momentous, serious, vast farther: (adj, adv, prep) beyond; (adj) additional, more, distant; (adv) furthermore, besides, abroad, in addition, too; (adj, prep) outside; (pron) another. ANTONYMS: (prep) within; (adv) nearer, closer fashionable: (adj) popular, current, classy, trendy, chic, up to date, stylish, dressy, modern, swanky, swell. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpopular, styleless, dated, out, outmoded, tacky, inclusive, old, plain fashioned: (adj) formed, featured, fictitious, intentional, bent, wrought fasten: (adj, v) attach, fix, affix; (v) connect, bind, tie, tack, pin, stick, clasp, anchor. ANTONYMS: (v) detach, undo, unlock, loosen, release, open, disconnect, untie, separate, unscrew fastened: (adj) tied, fast, buttoned, closed, tight, secure, pinned, binding, empight, steady, firm. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfastened, unbuttoned fastening: (n) clasp, clip, buckle, attachment, lock, catch, link, bonding; (n, v) bond; (v) tie, bind fastidious: (adj, n) exacting, critical, accurate; (adj) delicate, particular, careful, exigent, dainty, discriminating, nice, fussy. ANTONYMS: (adj) sloppy, unfastidious, careless, uncouth, uncritical, easy, indifferent, undemanding, slapdash, relaxed, easygoing fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck, fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment, portion, lot; (v) destine, designate. ANTONYMS: (n) will, design, choice, accident, chance fathom: (n, v) plumb; (v) penetrate, discern, bottom, understand, comprehend, know, make out, measure; (n) probe, gauge. ANTONYMS: (v) confuse, misunderstand, Miss fatigue: (v) exhaust, tire, weary, harass, enervate, fag, jade, wear; (n) exhaustion, weariness, tiredness. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, liveliness, vitality, vigor, strength; (v) energize, renew, rejuvenate, restore, invigorate fatiguing: (adj) arduous, tiresome, tedious, hard, laborious, wearisome, wearing, strenuous, exhausting, trying, onerous faultless: (adj) blameless, correct,

Kate Chopin immaculate, clean, spotless, innocent, flawless, unblemished, absolute, infallible, consummate. ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled, blameworthy favor: (n, v) countenance, aid, grace, support, benefit, boon; (adj, n) kindness; (n) advantage; (v) befriend, encourage, patronize. ANTONYMS: (v) hinder, contradict, dislike, hurt, differ, thwart, reject, demean; (n) derogation, disapproval, unkindness favored: (adj) advantaged, preferred, lucky, advantageous, pet, favorite, blessed, privileged, favorable; (adj, n) happy, prosperous. ANTONYMS: (adj) disliked, unpopular, Standard favorite: (adj, n) darling, favourite, dear, number one; (adj) favored, beloved, popular; (n) pet, choice, pick, preference. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, superior, underdog; (adj) unwanted, despised, disliked, hated, unusual fawn: (v) crawl, creep, grovel, cringe, cower, crouch, bootlick, kowtow, blandish, flatter; (n) deer. ANTONYMS: (v) insult, despise, ignore, domineer feast: (n, v) junket, fete; (n) entertainment, dinner, binge, spread, celebration, jamboree, carousal; (v) feed, eat. ANTONYMS: (v) abstain, starve; (n) snack feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion, nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n, v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge feathered: (adj) plumy, plumelike, featherlike, plumose, plumed, plumaged, fledged, plumigerous, flighted, decorated; (v) fledge feathers: (n) plumage, fur, indument, garment, garb, fine hair, clothing, dress, apparel, attire, array feebly: (adv) faintly, unenthusiastically, dimly, hopelessly, unproductively, unpersuasively, unconvincingly, uncertainly, reluctantly, powerlessly, insipidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) robustly, confidently, domineeringly, vehemently, stubbornly, strongly, effectively, convincingly, competently, admirably, wholeheartedly feline: (adj) cattish, subtle, bovine, animal, canine, insidious, fishy, vulpine; (n) felid; (v) furtive; (adj, v) stealthy

fellows: (n) fellow, membership, faculty fellowship: (n) community, company, companionship, communion, camaraderie, society, comradeship, association, body; (adj, n) familiarity, acquaintance. ANTONYMS: (n) unsociability, unfriendliness, hostility feminine: (adj) effeminate, womanly, maidenly, delicate, not male, pistillate, wifely, mild; (n) girl, lady, gender. ANTONYMS: (adj) male, unwomanly, neuter fence: (n, v) hedge, wall, bar; (n) barrier, hurdle, pale, boundary; (v) quibble, enclose, parry, contend. ANTONYMS: (v) challenge, face, confront ferry: (n) ferryboat, boat, pass, ship, passage, ford; (v) convey, transport, transfer, take, bring fever: (n) malaria, delirium, pyrexia, heat, frenzy, feverishness, febricity, Bilious typhoid fever, Levant fever, Hectic infantile fever, Typhoid fever feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery, frenzied, fevered, excited, sick, fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj, n) hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, afebrile, collected, composed, mellow fictitious: (adj) bogus, assumed, fictional, counterfeit, artificial, fake, fabulous, sham, fabricated, fanciful, apocryphal. ANTONYMS: (adj) true, honest, historical, factual fidelity: (n) constancy, devotion, faithfulness, adherence, allegiance, loyalty, faith, dedication, exactness; (adj, n) honesty, truth. ANTONYMS: (n) infidelity, unfaithfulness, disloyalty, inaccuracy, faithlessness, dishonesty, unreliability fierce: (adj) bitter, acute, cruel, ferocious, brutal, grim, nasty, intense, ardent; (adj, v) savage, furious. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, mild, calm, quiet, tame, docile, weak, peaceful, pleasant figured: (adj) figurative, glyptic, conjectural, implied filial: (adj) dutiful filling: (n) filler, weft, contents, loading, plug, packing, pad, replenishment, padding, impletion, stuffing. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, insufficient filmy: (adj) diaphanous, delicate, sheer, transparent, gauzy, fine, thin, vaporous, limpid, light, ethereal.

291 ANTONYMS: (adj) opaque, clear, thick, coarse, robust, heavy filtered: (n) clean, drinkable; (adj) refined financier: (n) capitalist, backer, banker, sponsor, dealer, broker, moneylender, stockbroker, city man, investor; (v) operate. ANTONYM: (n) supplier finest: (adj, n) elite; (adj) top, select, excellent, most favorable, most excellent, most advantageous, exclusive, classic, best possible; (n) cream finishing: (n) completion, close, accomplishment, conclusion, end, coating; (adj, n) ending; (adj) closing, last, final, ultimate. ANTONYMS: (n) beginning; (adj) first fired: (adj) discharged, unemployed, passionate, interested, heated, enthusiastic, ablaze, zealous firelight: (adj) light, rushlight, starlight fireplace: (n) chimney, fire, hearth, oven, stove, fire place, fireside, kitchen, niche, recess, furnace fishing: (n) fishery, casting, fishing job, piscary, piscation, rodding, halieutics, sport fishing; (v) coursing, hawking; (adj) halieutic fist: (n, v) hand; (n) duke, clenched fist, feist, manus, grip, index; (v) finger, paw, neif, neaf fistful: (n) containerful fitness: (n) adequacy, propriety, aptness, appropriateness, capability, physical fitness, correspondence, health, fittingness, correctness, convenience. ANTONYMS: (n) unsuitability, inability, unfitness, illness fitting: (n) adaptation, adjustment, appointment; (adj) apt, appropriate, applicable, felicitous, just, decorous, becoming, suitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) improper, wrong, incompatible, inconvenient, undue, unfit, unsatisfactory, unseemly, unsuitable fixtures: (n) equipment, furniture, plant, heirloom, furnishings, fixture, possession, mill work, hardware flagging: (adj) tired, fading, lazy, slack, failing, remiss, pendulous; (v) lame, halting, enervate; (n) pavement. ANTONYM: (adj) prompt flaky: (adj) scaly, outlandish, flakey, bizarre, capricious, filmy, brittle, peculiar, queer, odd, erratic.

292 ANTONYM: (adj) solid flame: (adj, n) fire, sweetheart; (adj, v) burn, glow; (n, v) flash; (n) ardour, burning, fervor, enthusiasm, combustion, sheen flames: (n) fire, blaze, firestorm, hellhole flaming: (adj, n) burning, ardent, glowing, passionate; (adj) blazing, ablaze, aflame, hot; (n) enthusiastic, flame, fire. ANTONYMS: (adj) extinguished, placid, gentle, quiet flannel: (n) washcloth, cloth, face cloth, pants, trousers, flannelette, white, tweed, gabardine; (v) blanket, fur flap: (v) flop, wave, beat, brandish, shake; (n, v) fuss, flutter, pother; (n) slap, disturbance, valve flapping: (adj) loose, detached, baggy, streaming, flying, slack; (n) fluttering, flutter, flaps, dither, disturbance flare: (n, v) blaze, flame, burst, glare; (v) burn, glint, blaze up, burn up; (n) fire; (adj) detonate, explode flash: (n, v) flicker, blaze, shimmer, glitter, gleam, glimmer, blink, flame; (adj, n, v) twinkle; (n) instant; (v) coruscate. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful; (n) age; (v) dawdle flask: (n) bottle, flasket, container, cask, ampulla, carafe, decanter, jar, flagon, vacuum flask, vial flattered: (adj) pleased flattering: (adj) ingratiating, complimentary, courtly, obsequious, adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, unflattering, unattractive, wounding, uncomplimentary, negative; (adv) partially flinging: (n) casting, cast flippancy: (n) giddiness, levity, humor, rashness, sauciness, lightness, disrespect; (adj) tongue, procacity, petulance, flowing. ANTONYMS: (n) gravity, penetration, sincerity flooring: (n) floorboard, floors, base, ground, bottom, floored, level, story, carpeting, bell deck, bridge decking floors: (adj) floored flourishes: (n) added extras, trappings, superfluities, trimmings, accompaniments, additions, embellishments fluffiness: (n) downiness, featheriness, weightlessness, shagginess, buoyancy, fleeciness, lightness, hirsuteness, fuzziness,

A Reflection furriness, wooliness. ANTONYM: (n) baldness fluffy: (adj) fleecy, light, flossy, feathery, soft, hairy, silky, bushy, velvety, downlike, tender. ANTONYM: (adj) rough flurried: (adj) frightened, agitated; (v) gallied flush: (adj, n, v) blush, glow; (adj) flat, affluent, rich; (adj, v) even, smooth, level; (n) bloom; (n, v) color; (v) redden. ANTONYMS: (n) pallor; (v) blanch, blench; (adj) empty, low, poor flushed: (adj, n) red, sanguine; (adj) feverish, glowing, aroused, aflame, burning, exultant, exulting; (n) flush, elated. ANTONYM: (adj) cool flute: (n) wineglass, furrow, groove, fluting, tooth gap, champagne flute, corrugation, plow, wood, woodwind; (v) channel fluted: (adj) corrugated, grooved, gadrooned, canaliculated; (v) ribbed, sulcated fluttering: (adj) flying, palpitating, flittering, flaring, aflare, waving; (n) flutter, flapping, flicker, flitting; (adv) flutteringly foam: (n, v) froth, bubble, spume; (adj, v) boil, seethe; (v) effervesce, suds, fizz, ferment; (n) lather, bubbles foamy: (adj) effervescent, foaming, bubbly, spumy, spumous, sudsy, effervescing, bubbling, beaten, yeasty, barmy folded: (adj) plaited, pleated, doubled, artful, braided, corrugated, doubled over, fluted folds: (n) laps foliage: (n) verdure, foliation, greenery, leaf, frond, cotyledon, ramage, tigella, stem, blade, leaves folk: (n) family, common people, nationality, nation, country, clan, tribe, race, persons, man; (adj) popular folly: (n) fatuity, foolishness, silliness, tomfoolery, nonsense, stupidity, craziness, density, freak; (adj, n) irrationality, trifling. ANTONYM: (n) sense fond: (adj) affectionate, caring, devoted, tender, loving, amorous, delicate, adoring, doting, ardent, attached. ANTONYMS: (adj) aversion, cold, rough fondly: (adv) lovingly, tenderly, warmly, kindly, caringly, adoringly, devotedly, amorously, dearly, dotingly, foolishly. ANTONYMS:

(adv) coldly, ill fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown, idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v) deceive, bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull. ANTONYM: (n) savant foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise, preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible, shrewd, prudent, visionary, diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, rational, mature, judicious footpath: (n) track, walk, path, trail, sidewalk, footway, walkway, trottoir, way, lane, pavement footsteps: (n) road, footprints, way, trail, path, track, footpath forbidden: (adj) banned, taboo, illegal, prohibited, contraband, illicit, verboten, proscribed, outlawed, illegitimate; (adj, adv) offlimits. ANTONYMS: (adj) allowed, permitted, permissible, legal, open forcibly: (adv) forcefully, emphatically, powerfully, by force, mightily, under protest, cogently, hard, strongly, convincingly, clearly. ANTONYMS: (adv) voluntarily, weakly, gently forcing: (adj) pressing, constraining, penetrating, compulsatory; (n) push foreboding: (n) apprehension, boding, presentiment, fear, anxiety, premonition, misgiving, anticipation, sign; (adj) ominous, sinister. ANTONYMS: (adj) favorable; (n) calmness, bravery, equanimity foregoing: (adj) previous, anterior, antecedent, prior, past, above, preceding, aforegoing, earlier. ANTONYM: (adj) following forehead: (n) brow, front, foreland, lineament, mut, phiz, physiognomy, visage, eyebrow, skull; (adv) foremost foremost: (adj, adv, v) first; (adj, n) chief, capital, leading, cardinal, principal, main; (adj) best, front, central, top. ANTONYMS: (adj) last, insignificant, inferior, worst, secondary foreseeing: (n) foresight, anticipation, prospicience, prevision, forecast; (v) foresee; (adj) prevoyant, conscious beforehand forests: (n) country forethought: (n) caution, care, forecast, anticipation, deliberation, premeditation, precaution, counsel, circumspection, consideration, discretion. ANTONYMS: (n)

Kate Chopin hindsight, unpreparedness, neglect, impulsiveness, carelessness forever: (adv) always, eternally, evermore, everlastingly, continually, permanently; (adj) eternal, permanent; (n) eternity; (adj, adv) interminably, ad infinitum. ANTONYMS: (adj) occasionally, never, sporadically; (adv) briefly, intermittently forgetfulness: (n) neglect, amnesia, obliviousness, inattention, memory loss, omission, unknowingness, unawareness, Lethe, carelessness, loss of memory. ANTONYMS: (n) awareness, concentration, remembering, attention forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious; (n) disregard forging: (n) shaping, origin, manufacturing forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, castigate fork: (n) crotch, bifurcation, turn, branching; (n, v) branch, bend; (v) diverge, split, branch off, separate, divide. ANTONYM: (v) converge formality: (n) ceremony, formalities, decorum, etiquette, custom, ceremoniousness, starch, ritual, rite, observance; (n, v) stiffness. ANTONYMS: (n) casualness, possibility, warmth, friendliness formerly: (adv) already, previously, earlier, lately, originally, anciently, aforetime, first, erstwhile, at one time, once. ANTONYMS: (adv) afterward, lastly, later, now fort: (n) fortress, citadel, fortification, stronghold, bastion, defense, bulwark, refuge, defence, garrison; (v) fortify forth: (adv) away, along, onward, ahead, before, on, off, on the high road, on the road, on the way, under way forthwith: (adv) directly, immediately, at once, now, instantly, straight, presently, straightaway, incontinently; (adj, adv) quickly; (adj) immediate forties: (n) decennium, decade fortnight: (n) two weeks, period, amount of time fortunate: (adj) favorable, lucky, auspicious, advantageous, favored, happy, prosperous, fortuitous, well, successful; (adj, n) blessed. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky,

disadvantaged, disastrous, unfavorable, underprivileged, inauspicious, unenviable, unsatisfactory fortunately: (adv) happily, prosperously, propitiously, fortuitously, providentially, successfully, auspiciously, opportunely, felicitously, blessedly, advantageously. ANTONYMS: (adv) disastrously, unluckily, inauspiciously, negatively fortune: (n) estate, fate, fluke, destiny, luck, accident, means, assets, riches, abundance, doom. ANTONYM: (n) design fountain: (n, v) fount, well; (n) jet, font, source, reservoir, origin, derivation, repository, root, squirt fowl: (n) poultry, bird, domestic fowl, chick, cochin, birds, partlet, poult, hen, fowls, rooster fragrant: (adj) spicy, odorous, balmy, sweet, odorant, scented, redolent, savory, fragrance, odoriferous, scent. ANTONYMS: (adj) smelly, putrid, malodorous, odorless framed: (adj) counterfeit, prepared, orderly, methodical, spurious. ANTONYM: (adj) unframed framing: (n) frame, casing, sash, doorcase, cornice, cowcatcher, coaming, deckle, clotheshorse, buffer, derrick frankly: (adv) openly, sincerely, bluntly, honestly, truthfully, directly, unreservedly, straightforwardly, ingenuously, plainly; (adj, adv) freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) hesitantly, indirectly, guardedly, untruthfully, deceitfully, ambiguously, politely frankness: (n) honesty, truth, forthrightness, candidness, freedom, sincerity, candour, plainness, bluffness, outspokenness, ingenuousness. ANTONYMS: (n) cunning, tact, delicacy, deceit, conformity, reticence, indirectness, evasiveness freed: (adj) disentangled, emancipated, disengaged, liberated, extricated, freer, unchained, untied, loosened, disillusioned, not tied up freely: (adv) loosely, frankly, openly, generously, independently, gratuitously, voluntarily, liberally, free, sparely; (adj, adv) spontaneously. ANTONYMS: (adv) reluctantly, deceitfully, accurately, meagerly, parsimoniously, secretly, stingily, unwillingly; (adj) restricted

293 frenzied: (adj) frenetic, crazy, delirious, hectic, furious, wild, manic, fanatical, raging, rabid; (n) maniac. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, controlled, mellow, composed frequent: (adj, v) customary, usual, ordinary, incessant; (adj) everyday, many, familiar, continual, habitual; (v) patronize, haunt. ANTONYMS: (adj) infrequent, occasional, intermittent, spasmodic, unusual, few; (v) shun, boycott, avoid freshly: (adv) recently, lately, saucily, impertinently, lively, modernly, fresh, new, sweetly, greenly, rawly fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, annoy; (n) anxiety fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj) restless, anxious, testy, sullen, irritable, impatient, uneasy, petulant, fidgety, crabbed. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree friendship: (n) association, familiarity, affection, companionship, friendliness, intimacy, company, attachment, relationship; (n, v) amity, concord. ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, animosity, antagonism, conflict, formality, rivalry, hatred, detachment, distance, isolation fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, horror, consternation, apprehension. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, courage, confidence, security frightened: (adj) fearful, timid, startled, terrified, scared, alarmed, anxious, apprehensive, horrified, intimidated, restless. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressed, confident, brave, fearless, reassured frightfully: (adv) awfully, ghastly, dreadfully, fearfully, hideously, terribly, gruesomely, terrifically, atrociously, horrendously, awful frosted: (adj) rimy, frozen, nacreous, opaque, iced, icy, white, pearly, milky, frigid, crisp froth: (n, v) bubble, spume, fizz, suds, sparkle; (v) boil, effervesce, ferment; (n) effervescence, bubbles, spindrift frozen: (adj) cold, frosty, frigid, wintry, glacial, arctic, icy, freezing, stiff, congealed, iced. ANTONYMS: (adj) moving, hot, warm, boiling, fluid, liquid, melted, unfrozen, thawed, tropical, soft fruitless: (adj, v) abortive; (adj) barren, useless, empty, futile, ineffective, idle, pointless, sterile,

294 bootless, unproductive. ANTONYMS: (adj) fertile, useful, effective, satisfying, fruitful, worthwhile, profitable, successful, productive, hopeful, meaningful fruits: (n) revenue fulfillment: (n) completion, fruition, achievement, satisfaction, fulfilment, attainment, execution, consummation, contentment, observance, discharge. ANTONYMS: (n) disobedience, dissatisfaction, abandonment, dismay fumes: (n) gas, exhaust, exhaust fumes, smokes, smog, vapor, exhalation, steam, smoke, toxic waste, contamination fuming: (adj) enraged, incensed, boiling, irate, livid, mad, furious, violent; (v) wild, raving, ready to burst. ANTONYM: (adj) pleased furnish: (v) afford, provide, contribute, render, offer, accommodate, supply, outfit, yield, decorate; (n, v) give. ANTONYM: (v) divest furnished: (adj) fitted, arranged, privileged, instruct, carrying weapons, equipt, enlightened; (v) provide, furnish, begone, beset furnishings: (n) fitting, equipment, curtain, drape, drapery, carpeting, appointments, installation, apparatus, fixture, gear fusion: (n) coalition, union, merger, unification, alliance, coalescence, combination, compound, amalgam, synthesis, mixture. ANTONYMS: (n) divergence, disconnection fuss: (n, v) flurry, bicker, fidget, hubbub; (adj, n) stir; (n) flap, commotion, ado, bother, disturbance; (v) fret. ANTONYM: (n) peace futile: (adj) useless, empty, ineffective, frivolous, idle, abortive, bootless, hopeless, meaningless, vain, hollow. ANTONYMS: (adj) successful, useful, fruitful, meaningful, worthwhile, promising, productive, effective futility: (n) emptiness, inanity, worthlessness, vanity, uselessness, fruitlessness, frivolity, unusefulness, purposelessness, hollowness, insignificance. ANTONYMS: (n) importance, worth, worthiness, fruitfulness, effectiveness, competence, usefulness gaily: (adv, v) happily; (adv) gladly, jovially, joyfully, cheerfully,

A Reflection mirthfully, joyously, gleefully, sunnily, blithely, lively. ANTONYMS: (adv) sadly, anxiously, dully, despondently gaining: (n) acceptance, acquisition, attainment, capture; (adj) ahead, fortunate. ANTONYM: (n) loss gait: (n, v) pace, step, tread, footstep, rate, stride, action; (n) walk, carriage, movement, velocity gaiter: (n) legging, legin, shoe, gambado, leggings, bickering, buskin, Gamache, fuss, galligaskin, bicker gallantly: (adv) courageously, intrepidly, chivalrously, splendidly, valiantly, heroically, fearlessly, finely, doughtily, pluckily, courteously. ANTONYMS: (adv) unchivalrously, poorly, timidly gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race, spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v) fly; (n, v) trot; (n) gait gangrene: (n, v) chagrin; (adj) corruption, caries, sphacelation, leprosy; (n) necrosis, sphacelus, humiliation, decay; (v) mortify, sphacelate gaping: (adj, n) agape; (adj) vast, yawning, cavernous, discontinuous, wide, ajar, drowsy, hollow, wide open; (adj, v) oscitant. ANTONYMS: (adj) cramped, narrow garb: (n, v) dress, apparel, array, garment; (n) attire, clothing, costume, frock, outfit, clothes; (v) clothe garland: (n) anthology, coronal, wreath, festoon, chaplet, bouquet, decoration, ornament, laurels, prize, lei garment: (n, v) garb, apparel; (n) habiliment, habit, gown, vest, things, guise; (v) clothe, tog, raiment garments: (n) attire, clothing, dress, apparel, raiment, outfit, costume, garb, array, gear, anything worthless garnet: (n) essonite, almandine, peridot, opal, lapis lazuli, pyrope, cinnamon stone, chrysolite, allochroite, andradite; (adj) dark red gasoline: (n) gas, gasolene, oil, fuel, benzine, petrol, distillate, heating oil, naphtha, hydrocarbon; (v) Naptha gateway: (n) entrance, gate, entry, doorway, portal, passage, passageway, inlet, admission, entryway, gangway gather: (n, v) fold, tuck; (v) convene, garner, congregate, compile,

assemble, accumulate, collect, meet, flock. ANTONYMS: (v) disperse, scatter, spread, distribute, disband, decrease, part, smooth gathered: (adj) deepened, congregated, accumulated, amassed, assembled, concentrated, equanimous, congregate, collective gathering: (n) collection, accumulation, concourse, congregation, assemblage, crowd, compilation, meeting, crew, gather, throng. ANTONYMS: (n) dismantling, scattering gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, garish, flamboyant, tasteless, colorful, tacky, brassy, tawdry, florid. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, restrained, muted, drab, modest, dull, quality gaunt: (adj) lean, thin, cadaverous, desolate, bleak, dreary, meager, bony, angular, lanky, sullen. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, rounded, obese gauntlets: (n) gauntlet, gantlet gauze: (n) film, curtain, blind, bandage, mask, mantle, muslin, screen, gauze bandage, shutter, daze gayly: (adv) cheerfully, merrily, mirthfully, gaily, jovially, airily, lightly, sportively, easily, finely, courageously gaze: (n, v) stare, regard, look, behold; (v) gape, see, contemplate, face, pry, view, glance. ANTONYMS: (v) glance, peek gazing: (adj) fixed gems: (n) jewels, Gemes, jewellery, trinkets, ornaments, charms generate: (v) develop, bear, cause, beget, bring about, get, provoke, yield, produce, father; (n, v) engender. ANTONYMS: (v) defuse, halt generous: (adj) ample, abundant, copious, benevolent, bountiful, kind, charitable, flush, fair, liberal; (adj, n) free. ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, tightfisted, miserly, measly, mean, small, ungenerous, avaricious, greedy, petty, pitiful generously: (adv) profusely, copiously, bountifully, abundantly, largely, magnanimously, munificently, kindly, handsomely, freely, benevolently. ANTONYMS: (adv) acquisitively, selfishly, prudently, grudgingly, malevolently, parsimoniously, harshly, scantily, stingily, thinly, ungenerously

Kate Chopin geneva: (n) hollands, gin, Geneva mechanism, Geneve, Holland gin, Genf gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs genuineness: (n) reality, sincerity, veracity, truth, honesty, earnestness, actuality, fact, validity, purity, openness. ANTONYMS: (n) spuriousness, affectedness, flippancy geranium: (adj) asphodel, buttercup, anemone, ranunculus, rhododendron, windflower, day lily; (n) rose geranium, storksbill, herb, fish geranium germs: (n) bacteria, germ, infection, microbes, microorganisms gesture: (n, v) sign, signal, motion; (n) beck, gesticulation, indication, movement; (v) gesticulate, beckon, wave, bless ghost: (n, v) apparition, specter; (n) shade, spirit, demon, soul, spook, spectre, goblin, appearance, monster giant: (adj) gigantic, colossal, jumbo, gargantuan, elephantine, huge, immense, large; (n) behemoth, Goliath, colossus. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, miniature, insignificant, short; (n) dwarf giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, faint, silly, changeable, vertiginous, featherbrained, light, fickle, capricious; (adv) careless. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull gifts: (n) money, generosity, contributions, charity, caliber, aid, munificence, bounty. ANTONYM: (n) meanness girlhood: (n) adolescence, boyhood, maidenhood, youth, babyhood, youthhood, maidhood, age glace: (adj) sleek, crystalized, glossy, lustrous, shiny, slippery, crystallized glamour: (n, v) charm; (n) allure, enchantment, appeal, beauty, spell, glamor, attraction; (v) fascinate, enchant, bewitch. ANTONYMS: (n) attractiveness, ugliness glance: (n, v) look, peek, flash, peep; (n) gaze, glimpse, coup d'oeil, gander; (v) bounce, glint, ricochet. ANTONYMS: (n, v) study; (n) examination, perusal; (v) stick, stare glancing: (adj) passing glare: (n) glance, brilliance, radiance, brightness; (n, v) glower, flash, shine, scowl, beam, frown; (v) flame. ANTONYMS: (n) dullness, dimness glaring: (adj) conspicuous, bright, blatant, egregious, obvious, plain,

flaming, garish, crying, gross, glary. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, inconspicuous, dull, minor gleam: (n, v) glance, beam, blaze, shine, glimmer, glow, flash, flicker, sparkle, glitter; (v) twinkle gleaming: (adj) brilliant, shiny, radiant, glossy, lustrous, glowing, beaming, resplendent; (n) gleam, glimmer; (adj, adv) agleam. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, rough glibly: (adv) smoothly, slipperily, easily, fluently, superficially, frivolously, eloquently, flippantly, effortlessly, confidently, facetiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) hesitantly, awkwardly glide: (adj, n, v) slide; (n, v) coast, slip; (v) float, run, fly, flow, drift, lapse, slink, skid. ANTONYMS: (v) lurch, hurtle, flounder, sink glimmer: (adj, n, v) flicker, twinkle; (n, v) gleam, shimmer, flash, sparkle, beam, glow, shine; (v) blink; (n) gleaming glimpse: (n, v) look, peek; (v) blink, see, notice, spy, spot, espy; (n) coup d'oeil, view, peep. ANTONYMS: (n) scrutiny, observation, perusal; (v) scrutinize, survey, Miss, study glint: (n, v) glimmer, flash, sparkle, glance, beam, glitter, twinkle, shimmer, shine; (v) gleam; (n) brilliance glisten: (n, v) gleam, sparkle, flash, glance, shimmer, glitter, glister; (v) glimmer, beam, coruscate, glint glistening: (adj) shining, glossy, shiny, glisten, brilliant, beaming, sleek, lustrous, sparkling, reflecting light, gleaming. ANTONYM: (adj) dull glittering: (adj, v) brilliant; (adj) sparkling, flashing, dazzling, glistering, glistening, glinting, shining, scintillating, splendid; (adj, adv) aglitter gloom: (n) desolation, dark, darkness, blackness, depression, dimness, dusk, dreariness, despair, dejection; (n, v) cloud. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, happiness, cheerfulness, glee, ecstasy, joy, optimism, cheer glory: (n) celebrity, brightness, honor, distinction, glorification, eclat, dignity; (n, v) halo, pride; (v) exult, boast. ANTONYMS: (v) blasphemy, lament, profanity; (n) dishonor, disrepute, ugliness, blame, criticism glossy: (adj, v) sleek; (adj) smooth, bright, glazed, brilliant, flat,

295 glistening, burnished, resplendent, lustrous, glassy. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, rough, coarse, shoddy glove: (n) boxing glove, gloves, mitt, mitten, baseball mitt, baseball glove, handwear, wristband, sleeve, mittens, batting glove gloves: (n) gauntlet, mitten, mittens, gauntlets, scarf, ornament, handbag, belt, batting glove, boxing glove, baseball mitt glow: (n, v) flush, gleam, shine, glimmer, glare, color, sparkle, beam; (v) burn, flare, kindle. ANTONYMS: (n) wanness, darkness, paleness; (v) pale, struggle glowing: (adj, n) enthusiastic, cordial, passionate; (adj) burning, fervent, blazing, flaming, fiery, dazzling; (adj, v) warm; (adj, adv) aglow. ANTONYMS: (adj) pale, wan, unhappy, unenthusiastic, derogatory, dispassionate, unwell gods: (n) gallery goncourt: (n) Jules de Goncourt, Edmond de Goncourt, Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt, Edmond Louis Antoine Huot de Goncourt goodby: (n) adieu, so long, good-bye, adios, good-by, farewell, cheerio, bye, goodbye, arrivederci, auf Wiedersehen good-humored: (adj) affable, cheerful, good-natured, pleasant, sweet, funny, amicable, congenial, mild, obliging good-looking: (adj) beautiful, comely, handsome, pretty, fine, fair, lovely, gorgeous, charming, bonny, graceful goodly: (adv) benignly, kindly, strongly, rightly, graciously, virtuously, soundly, uprightly; (adj) sizable, handsome, respectable goodness: (adj, n) generosity, kindness, gentleness; (n) good, excellence, benefit, virtue, worth, morality; (adj) favor, beneficence. ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness, badness, corruptness, bad, immorality, corruption gorgeous: (adj) luxurious, gaudy, attractive, brilliant, wonderful, glorious, gay, florid, palatial, dressy; (adj, v) rich. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, unattractive, detestable, shabby gospel: (n) creed, dogma, tenet, gospels, evangel, truth, doctrine, church doctrine, gospel truth, veracity; (adj) pope gossip: (n, v) chatter, rumor, chitchat,

296 gab, talk, babble, natter, tattle; (n) chatterbox, conversation, small talk. ANTONYM: (n) truth gothic: (adj) barbaric, mediaeval, doggerel, rude, outlandish, tramontane, unclassical, truculent, brutal, heathenish, barbarous gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock, vestment, wrapper, overclothes, outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes; (v) clothe grace: (adj, v) adorn; (v) garnish, deck, embellish, beautify, decorate, embroider; (adj, n, v) favor; (n) elegance, beauty; (adj, n) clemency. ANTONYMS: (n) unseemliness, awkwardness, disfavor, inelegance, heaviness, unkindness; (v) deface, demean graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, stocky, awkward, vigorous, jerky, ugly, stilted, heavy, coarse, strenuous gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good, courteous, compassionate, kind, accommodating, civil; (adj, n) benevolent, congenial, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious, boorish, discourteous, reserved, rude, abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted, harsh, poor grandfather: (n) gramps, grandad, grandpapa, grandpa, grandsire, granddaddy, ancestor, father's father, paternal grandfather, father, forefather grandmother: (n) grandma, granny, crone, grannie, grandam, mother, dam, grandmamma, father's mother, paternal grandmother, hag grapes: (v) clam, chupatty, compote, damper, fish, frumenty, chowder; (n) vintage grasp: (adj, n, v) catch; (n, v) clutch, clasp, hold, clinch; (v) comprehend, embrace, grapple, apprehend, conceive, cling. ANTONYMS: (n, v) Miss; (v) overlook, lose, give; (n) ignorance grasping: (adj) avaricious, covetous, acquisitive, greedy, avid, voracious, rapacious, grabby, mercenary, stingy; (n) seizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, altruistic grassy: (adj) verdant, gramineous, weedy, herby, woody, fertile, blossoming, abundant, leafy, lush, flourishing. ANTONYMS: (adj) grassless, urban, withering

A Reflection gratification: (adj, n) delight; (n, v) content; (n) enjoyment, pleasure, satisfaction, fruition, complacency, joy, luxury, treat, fulfillment. ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction, disenchantment, dismay, discontent, anxiety gratified: (adj) glad, satisfied, pleased, delighted, happy, thankful, grateful, content, complacent, comfortable, cheerful gratifying: (adj) agreeable, pleasant, enjoyable, delightful, pleasurable, rewarding, welcome, satisfying, nice; (adj, v) grateful; (v) gratify. ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointing, unwelcome, unrewarding, frustrating, disagreeable, heartbreaking, annoying, unpleasant grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical, earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad, grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v) engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree, slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable, minor, insignificant, favorable gravel: (adj, v) nonplus, bother; (v) bedevil, rag, chevy, flummox, bewilder, puzzle; (adj) grating; (adj, n) dirt; (n) grit graven: (adj) carved, engraved, etched, sculptured, sculptile, sculpted, inscribed, carven gray: (adj) dull, dim, bleak, gloomy, pale, grizzled, hoary, leaden, old, overcast; (n) grizzle. ANTONYMS: (adj) sunny, cheerful, clear, youthful grazing: (n) pasturage, feeding, shaving, farming, Estancia, eating, skimming greedily: (adv) covetously, avidly, voraciously, ravenously, rapaciously, acquisitively, gluttonously, hungrily, graspingly, eagerly, enviously. ANTONYM: (adv) sparingly greedy: (adj) avid, gluttonous, desirous, grasping, acquisitive, glutton, piggish, voracious, selfish; (adj, v) avaricious, covetous. ANTONYMS: (adj) temperate, ascetic, unconcerned, abstemious, moderate greeting: (n) welcome, salutation, address, greet, compliments, acknowledgment, accost, hello, hullo, nod; (v) salute. ANTONYM: (n) goodbye grime: (n, v) soil; (n) filth, dirt, squalor, grease; (v) dirty, colly, begrime, contaminate, pollute; (adj, v) smudge. ANTONYMS: (n, v)

clean; (n) cleanliness grimy: (adj) dirty, filthy, grubby, dingy, unclean, impure, nasty, begrimed, squalid, messy, muddy. ANTONYMS: (adj) pure, pleasant grocer: (v) purveyor, feeder, batman, caterer, commissary, restaurateur, victualer, quartermaster; (n) merchandiser, grocery store, merchant groceries: (n) foodstuff, provisions, chow, victuals, grocery, compensation, earnings, essential, fare, fundamental, heart grocery: (n) foodstuff, marketplace, grocery store, preserve, supermarket, julep, jam, mart, food market, confiture, consumer goods grotesque: (adj) fantastic, bizarre, funny, antic, absurd, droll, strange, baroque, weird, ugly, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, normal, commonplace, attractive grotesquely: (adv) monstrously, ludicrously, unnaturally, anticly, funnily, hideously, ridiculously, bizarrely, fantasticly, fantastically, drolly grove: (n) forest, orchard, thicket, coppice, wood, gardens, residences, Holt, bosquet, park, Hurst grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, murmur, murmuring, mutter, muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, grumpy, irritable guest: (n) caller, visitor, customer, alien, foreigner, client, invite, foreign, company, guests, houseguest guiding: (adj) scouting, directive, leading, controlling, guidance, directional, guide, direction, management, steering, sovereign guile: (n) fraud, cunning, craft, duplicity, deception, trickery, deceitfulness, wiliness, craftiness, artifice, slyness. ANTONYMS: (n) honesty, straightforwardness, candor, frankness guileless: (adj) candid, artless, forthright, sincere, innocent, ingenuous, honest, pure, simple, open, straightforward. ANTONYMS: (adj) dishonest, sly, evasive gulf: (n) abyss, depth, creek, vortex, bay, loch, cove, abysm, gap, gorge, bight gusty: (adj) blustery, stormy, windy, blowy, tempestuous, squally, dirty, blustering, blusterous, airy,

Kate Chopin inclement. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, airless habit: (n) clothing, practice, dress, garb, attire, convention, character, ritual, addiction, clothes; (n, v) use. ANTONYM: (n) innovation habitable: (adj) livable, liveable habits: (n) behavior, decorum, pratique habitual: (adj, n) common, frequent, usual; (adj) chronic, conventional, confirmed, accustomed, natural, commonplace, everyday, ordinary. ANTONYMS: (adj) occasional, infrequent, mild, irregular, exceptional, erratic, abnormal, innovative habitually: (adv) usually, ordinarily, normally, generally, regularly, frequently, commonly, routinely, wontedly, conventionally, commonplacely. ANTONYMS: (adv) unusually, seldom, erratically, exceptionally, occasionally haggard: (adj) emaciated, gaunt, cadaverous, careworn, tired, worn, lean, thin, wasted, pinched, squalid. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, carefree, healthy half-hearted: (adj) hesitant, lukewarm, irresolute, lackadaisical, tepid, unsympathetic, listless hallway: (n) entrance hall, porch, foyer, corridor, lobby, passage, antechamber, aisle, vestibule, passageway, concourse. ANTONYM: (n) room halted: (adj) motionless, nonmoving, unmoving hammer: (v) strike, beat, knock, bang, tap, forge, thrash, hit; (n, v) pound, club; (n) gavel hammering: (n) beating, pounding, pound, fagging, drudgery, needle hammer, defeat, knock, failure, British pound, Ezra Loomin Pound. ANTONYM: (n) victory hammock: (n) berth, hill, cot, cradle, bed, crib, to lash a hammock, stretcher, shakedown, litter, bedstead handful: (n) smattering, armful, mouthful, capful, containerful, lump; (adj) thimbleful, company, several, maniple, strong handiwork: (n) handicraft, creation, production, handcraft, product, handwork, work, produce, design, performance; (v) workmanship handkerchief: (n) hankie, kerchief, bandanna, cravat, hanky, wipe, bandana, collar, shawl; (n, v)

napkin; (v) sudary handling: (n) treatment, management, administration, dealing, conduct, transaction, use, running, touch, fielding, employment handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine, generous, charming, comely, attractive, bountiful, considerable, bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, unattractive, meager, ungenerous, measly, plain handwriting: (n) calligraphy, writing, fist, script, penmanship, longhand, chirography, cursive, cacography, book, ability hanging: (n) execution, curtain, arras, wall hanging; (adj) suspended, pendent, pendant, pendulous, hung, pending; (n, v) suspension happily: (adv) fortunately, joyously, joyfully, merrily, luckily, gladly, blissfully, cheerfully, felicitously, providentially, successfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) miserably, unhappily, sadly, unfortunately, unsuccessfully, reluctantly, gloomily, discontentedly, despondently, negatively, grudgingly happiness: (n) delight, merriment, ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck, cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss, felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, despair, grief, misery, dissatisfaction, seriousness, dullness, discontent, dejection, gloominess, displeasure harassed: (adj) annoyed, pestered, irritated, bothered, annoy, jittery, worried, troubled, beleaguered, obsessed, harried. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, carefree harbor: (n) dock, asylum, wharf; (n, v) cover, port, harbour, shelter; (v) shield, contain, cherish, conceal. ANTONYM: (v) relieve harder: (adj) serious hardwood: (n) timber. ANTONYM: (adj) softwood hardy: (adj, n) hard, fearless, rugged, daring; (adj) sturdy, manly, audacious, brave, strong, robust, gallant. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, delicate, tender, feeble harmonious: (adj) congenial, musical, consonant, amicable, peaceful, gentle, consistent, compatible, friendly, harmonical, calm. ANTONYMS: (adj) discordant, dissonant, harsh, hostile, bitter, incompatible, inharmonious,

297 miserable, disagreeable, disruptive, unbalanced harmony: (n) accord, consonance, agreement, correspondence, accordance, congruity, consistency, amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v) concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, disagreement, argument, conflict, bitterness, harshness, incongruity, uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval harrowing: (adj) agonizing, excruciating, painful, distressing, torturous, disturbing, tormenting, traumatic, frightful, terrible; (v) rending. ANTONYMS: (adj) heartening, pleasing, safe haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, rush; (n) celerity, expedition, rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay, patience, forethought, caution hastened: (adj) careless hastily: (adv) hurriedly, rapidly, quickly, rashly, promptly, suddenly, thoughtlessly, impetuously, swiftly, imprudently, speedily. ANTONYMS: (adv) carefully, unhurriedly, industriously, sensibly, prudently, late, calmly, thoroughly, patiently, gradually, cautiously hated: (adj) despised, disliked, not liked, reviled, scorned, unloved, unpopular. ANTONYM: (adj) precious haul: (v) tow, drag, cart, carry, lug, draught, tug, transport; (n, v) pull, heave; (n) freight hauling: (n) pull, haulage, shipping, transportation, cartage, drag, carrying, haul, towing, vehicle, trucking haunt: (n, v) resort, ghost; (n) den, hangout, home; (v) pursue, follow, stalk, afflict, persecute; (adj) harass haunted: (adj) ghostly, ghostlike, phantom, taken up, preoccupied, possessed, unearthly, magical, mad, infatuated, concerned hazily: (adv) mistily, foggily, indistinctly, vaguely, fuzzily, faintly, dimly, unclearly, indefinitely, blurrily, blearily. ANTONYMS: (adv) distinctly, precisely headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) rash, hurried, desperate, precipitous, impetuous, sudden, precipitate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautiously, considered; (adv) carefully healing: (n) cure, convalescence, recuperation, therapy, treatment,

298 recovery; (adj) curative, sanative, sanatory, remedial, therapeutic. ANTONYM: (n) deterioration healthfully: (adv) wholesomely, soundly, robustly, halely, salutarily, salubriously, sanitarily, hygienically, nourishingly, goodly, remedially hearth: (n) fire, oven, fireside, stove, chimney, focus, furnace, dwelling, kiln, home, abode hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades heated: (adj) fierce, burning, excited, ardent, fevered, passionate, hot, furious, fiery, fervent; (v) heat. ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, cooled, mild, apathetic, quiet, impassive heating: (n) warming, heat, warm, utility, overheating, thawing, burning; (adj) calefactive, calefactory, hot, calorific heaven: (n) Eden, firmament, bliss, Elysium, sky, nirvana, glory, Elysian Fields, Garden of Eden, utopia; (adj) celestial. ANTONYM: (n) misery hectic: (adj) frantic, frenzied, agitated, busy, hurried, chaotic, exciting, fevered, furious, febrile; (n) fever. ANTONYMS: (adj) idle, leisurely, quiet, empty, dull, mellow hedge: (v) fudge, dodge, elude, evade, skirt, duck, avoid, circumvent, equivocate; (n) barrier, hedging. ANTONYM: (v) confront heed: (n, v) consideration, concern, regard, mind, attention, notice; (n) caution, advertence, advertency; (v) attend, hear. ANTONYMS: (n, v) disregard; (n) inattentiveness heel: (n) blackguard, dog, counter, cad, villain, scoundrel, shoe, sole, bounder, tree rest; (v) lean helpless: (adj, v) forlorn, destitute, abandoned; (adj) powerless, weak, defenseless, disabled, impotent, feeble, hopeless, unable. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, independent, capable, invulnerable, armed, powerful, impervious heretofore: (adv) formerly, as yet, before, so far, yet, already, until now, previously, once, hereunto; (adv, n) hitherto heroics: (v) fine talking, bombast, rodomontade, vaporing, venditation, tall talk, magniloquence; (n) rescue, height, altitude, haughty airs heroine: (n) woman, persona, brave woman, role, protagonist, part, leading lady, heroess, role model, female lead, character

A Reflection hesitating: (adj) indecisive, irresolute, undecided, doubtful, hesitate, reluctant, faltering, unwilling, hesitancy, backward, hesitatingly hide: (n, v) cover, disguise, shelter, veil; (adj, v) obscure; (n) fur, fell, coat; (v) bury, mask; (adj, n, v) darken. ANTONYMS: (v) show, expose, express, divulge, unearth, amplify, advertise, clarify hideous: (adj) dreadful, frightful, fearful, ghastly, horrid, ugly, repulsive, lurid, horrible, grisly, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, pleasant, beautiful, wonderful hiding: (n) covering, concealment, concealing, beating, screening, thrashing, flogging, rout, burial, drubbing, ambush high-priced: (adj) costly, expensive, precious, valuable, dear, high, prohibitive hilarious: (adj) gay, convivial, humorous, funny, happy, jovial, blithe, merry, jaunty, festive, laughable. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, tragic hitherto: (adv) as yet, yet, so far, up to now, until now, thus far, before, hereunto, to date, still, all the same hoarded: (adj) store, collective homelike: (adj) domestic, cosy, comfortable, homy, easeful, snug, cozy, homey, comfy, homebody homely: (adj) plain, common, rustic, artless, home, snug, homelike, domestic; (adj, adv) ugly; (adv) plainly, simplely. ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, striking, uncomfortable, bleak homemade: (adj) native, crude homeward: (adj) oriented, orientated honor: (n, v) respect, reputation, glory, fame, reward; (n) award, accolade, reverence; (v) celebrate; (adj, n, v) worship, grace. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dishonor, disgrace; (n) shame, humiliation, wickedness, contempt, insult; (v) break, ignore, disrespect, discredit hood: (n) bonnet, cowl, hat, headdress, coif, hoodlum, thug, lid, kerchief, malefactor; (n, v) cover hoodoo: (n) voodooism, hoodooism, vodoun, voodoo, fetich, fetish, ghost dance, sundry, whatchamacallit, whatsis, priest hoopskirt: (n) skirt hopeless: (adj) incurable, despondent, forlorn, disconsolate, desperate, impossible, useless, abject, despair, dismal, irreparable.

ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, competent, promising, optimistic, encouraging, helpful, useful, successful, practical, laudable, effective hopelessness: (n) despair, despondency, discouragement, depression, desolation, sadness, dismay, hopeless, gloominess, gloom, dissatisfaction. ANTONYMS: (n) capability, power, worth, cheerfulness, effectiveness, joy, possibility, competence, happiness horizon: (n) ambit, reach, purview, vista, view, perspective, prospect, skyline, arena, celestial horizon, amphitheater horizontal: (adj) flat, level, straight, direct, prostrate, smooth, recumbent, flush, clear; (adj, n) plane; (n) orientation. ANTONYMS: (adj) sloping, perpendicular, inclined, standing hosiery: (n) hose, socks, sock, tights, hosepipe, footwear hospitality: (n) entertainment, generosity, friendliness, cordiality, welcome, cordial reception, kindness, amiability, warmth, solicitously, politely. ANTONYMS: (n) frostiness, inhospitality hostess: (n) mistress, air hostess, flight attendant, housewife, steward, innkeeper, landlady, prostitute, host hotly: (adv) heatedly, passionately, fervidly, fervently, pepperily, sultrily, intensely, sharply, torridly; (adj, adv) violently, vehemently. ANTONYMS: (adv) impassively, mildly housekeeping: (n) housewifery, household, domestic science housemaid: (n) amah, maid, handmaiden, handmaid, maidservant, cleaning woman, girl, ayah, charwoman, biddy, maiden housewifely: (adj) thrifty hovering: (adj) suspended, poised, impending, flying, high humanity: (n) benevolence, mankind, flesh, human race, human, humankind; (adj, n) compassion, charity, kindness, benignity, gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) severity, inhumanity, nastiness, selfishness humming: (adj) droning, zippy, reeking, bustling, grunting, stinking; (n) buzzing, vocalizing, sound, murmur, growling humor: (n, v) caprice, freak, humour;

Kate Chopin (n) temper, mood, disposition, wit; (v) indulge, gratify; (adj, n) spirit, frame of mind. ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness, gravity, solemnity; (v) displease hung: (n) hanging; (v) Heng; (adj) fatigued, puzzled, decorated hungry: (adj) eager, avid, famished, starving, esurient, greedy, ravenous, desirous, meager, starveling; (v) starve. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, satiated, sated, thirsty, unconcerned, moderate, healthy, disinterested hunted: (adj) coursed, afraid, wanted, required, sought, sought after; (n) victim hunter: (n) fowler, huntsman, trapper, Nimrod, seeker, tracker, falconer, hawker, courser, watch, ticker hurried: (adj) fast, sudden, speedy, rapid, quick, swift, headlong, abrupt, cursory, precipitate, prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried, leisurely, considered, patient, meticulous, thorough hurry: (n) haste; (n, v) bustle, hasten, dispatch, flurry, rush; (v) scurry, dash, accelerate, expedite, run. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, calmness, patience, unimportance; (v) dawdle, delay, linger, crawl, amble; (intj) wait hurrying: (n) hastening, speed, quickening, rushing, early, speeding, speeding up, stepping up, amphetamine, forward, eager hushed: (adj) calm, silent, still, subdued, placid, muffled, noiseless, soft, soundless, tranquil, gentle. ANTONYM: (adj) noisy hysterical: (adj, n) feverish; (adj) wild, violent, eccentric, frenzied, emotional, fitful, febrile, erratic; (n) fanatical, hysterics. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, composed, restrained hysterically: (adv) feverishly, frantically, agitatedly, worriedly, wildly, violently, turbulently, excitedly, emotionally, passionately, stormily. ANTONYM: (adv) peacefully icebox: (n) cooler, refrigerator, big house, ice chest, icehouse, electric refrigerator, sentence, solitude; (adj) chilly, cold, frigid idiotic: (adj) absurd, foolish, fatuous, imbecile, crazy, stupid, ridiculous, mindless, silly, unwise, daft. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, genius, clever idle: (adj) lazy, indolent, inactive,

free, unfounded, fruitless, baseless, groundless, frivolous, empty, disengaged. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, employed, industrious, energetic, meaningful, productive, worthwhile, diligent; (v) change, run, work idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness, torpor, inactivity, idling, unemployment, sloth, inaction, inertia, faineance, idlesse. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, activity, bustle, liveliness, responsibility idly: (adj, adv) foolishly; (adv) vainly, vaguely, listlessly, forgetfully, distractedly; (adj) thoughtlessly. ANTONYM: (adv) energetically idol: (n) fetish, deity, effigy, divinity, graven image, image, hero, favorite, star, simulacrum, beloved idolized: (adj) adored, beloved, loved, precious, worshipped ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience, folly, unwisdom, innocence, denseness, ignorancy, stupidity, obtuseness, tabula rasa, unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n) intelligence, acquaintance, education ignore: (v) neglect, cut, omit, forget, snub, disregard, discount, flout, overrule, overlook, rebuff. ANTONYMS: (v) observe, react, honor, notice, greet, accept, address, consider, distinguish, heed, know illumination: (n) brightness, illuminance, lighting, light, explanation, elucidation, edification, luminousness, luminosity, illustration; (adj, n) irradiation. ANTONYMS: (n) education, knowledge, confusion illusions: (n) fantasy imaginary: (adj) fictitious, unreal, false, mythical, illusory, ideal, hypothetical, visionary, fictional, notional, chimerical. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, palpable, actual, concrete, prosaic, normal, true imagined: (adj) fanciful, notional, unreal, fancied, fictitious, nonexistent, unseen, hypothetical, feigned, dubious, doubtful imitate: (n, v) duplicate; (v) forge, ape, emulate, follow, feign, counterfeit, mimic, mock, assume, act imitation: (adj, n) fake, sham, reproduction; (n) dummy, forgery, mockery, copy, emulation; (n, v) parody; (adj) false, bogus. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, real, natural; (n) original, formalism

299 immaculately: (adv) perfectly, faultlessly, blamelessly, purely, flawlessly, unblemishedly, stainlessly, undefiledly, unsulliedly, clearly, cleanly immense: (adj) vast, enormous, great, gigantic, immeasurable, colossal, boundless, big, large, giant, infinite. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, small, insignificant, miniature, slight, negligible, compact, narrow, short, minor immensely: (adv) highly, infinitely, greatly, enormously, tremendously, extremely, mightily, hugely, massively, immeasurably, monstrously immutability: (n) changelessness, invariability, majesty, infinity, unchangeableness, sovereignty, unchangeability, unchangingness, fixedness, fixity, permanency. ANTONYM: (n) mutability immutable: (adj) unchangeable, permanent, changeless, eternal, inflexible, unchanging, irrevocable, stable, unalterable, invariable, fixed. ANTONYMS: (adj) changeable, variable, flexible impaired: (adj) sick, damaged, crippled, defective, faulty, corrupted, poor, unfit, hurt, deficient, depressed imparting: (n) giving, conveyance, conveyance of title, conveyancing, conveying impassioned: (adj) fervent, fanatical, fiery, burning, passionate, hot, torrid, vehement, keen, zealous; (adj, v) enthusiastic. ANTONYMS: (adj) impassive, indifferent, calm impatience: (n) annoyance, eagerness, anger, intolerance, restlessness, fidget, nervousness, fidgetiness, enthusiasm, edginess; (adj) nonendurance. ANTONYMS: (n) calmness, endurance, apathy impatiently: (adv) petulantly, restlessly, keenly, intolerantly, hastily, avidly, uneasily, enthusiastically, edgily, fidgetily, restively. ANTONYMS: (adv) uncomplainingly, calmly, unenthusiastically, lightly impel: (v) coerce, constrain, force, carry, compel, goad, urge, stimulate, actuate, animate, push. ANTONYMS: (v) restrain, discourage, prevent impelled: (adj) prompted, provoked, determined, compulsive, encouraged, goaded, motivated,

300 bound imperative: (adj) essential, imperious, exigent, absolute, pressing, peremptory, vital, commanding, urgent; (adj, v) necessary; (adj, n) prerequisite. ANTONYMS: (adj) trivial, unimportant, optional, submissive, beseeching; (n) option imperceptible: (adj) invisible, intangible, insensible, faint, evanescent, inaudible, negligible, indiscernible, unseen, unnoticeable, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) obvious, overwhelming, clear, visible, perceptible, heavy, noticeable, definite, considerable, conspicuous, strong imperceptibly: (adv) unnoticeably, gradually, slightly, invisibly, gently, quietly, softly, observably, indistinctly, scarcely, hardly. ANTONYMS: (adv) obviously, visibly, audibly, conspicuously, perceptibly, heavily, clearly, strongly imperfect: (adj) faulty, deficient, defective, unfinished, incomplete, poor, flawed, partial, inadequate, broken, fallible. ANTONYMS: (adj) perfect, whole, unblemished, adequate, complete, sound, boundless, capable, flawless imperfectly: (adv) faultily, defectively, badly, deficiently, incompletely, partially, poorly, inadequately, sketchily, incorrectly, halfway. ANTONYMS: (adv) perfectly, flawlessly, correctly, well imperious: (adj) haughty, domineering, authoritative, arbitrary, imperative, masterful, dictatorial, commanding, lordly, magisterial, despotic. ANTONYM: (adj) subservient impertinent: (adj) fresh, pert, saucy, forward, audacious, brash, brazen, extraneous, discourteous, disrespectful, flippant. ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, polite, courteous impervious: (adj) impenetrable, inaccessible, callous, impassable, imperviable, invulnerable, waterproof, tight, resistant, insensitive, pachydermatous. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, pervious, susceptible, affected, penetrable, receptive, scared, sensitive impetuosity: (n) eagerness, haste, heat, violence, vehemence, impulsiveness, impetuousness,

A Reflection excitability, temerity, precipitation, fervency. ANTONYMS: (n) deliberation, patience, consideration, carefulness impetuous: (adj) boisterous, hasty, fiery, headlong, heady, hot, brash, foolhardy, dashing, fierce; (adj, v) impulsive. ANTONYMS: (adj) considered, careful, slow, sensible, patient impetuously: (adv) rashly, impulsively, vehemently, precipitately, fiercely, headily, passionately, intensely, fierily, spontaneously, thoughtlessly. ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately, sensibly, patiently implicitly: (adv) unquestioningly, absolutely, tacitly, virtually, indirectly, silently, unspokenly, inherently, obliquely, completely, unexpressedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) openly, explicitly imploring: (adj) appealing, begging, suppliant, pleading, entreating, piteous, importunate, entreating urgently; (v) supplicate, plead; (n) prayer import: (n, v) matter, sense, denote; (n) meaning, effect, connotation, implication, moment, significance, value; (v) imply. ANTONYMS: (n, v) export; (n) insignificance, inconsequence, triviality impose: (v) dictate, prescribe, enforce, exact, charge, clamp, deceive, enjoin, burden, set, lay. ANTONYM: (v) revoke imposed: (adj) compulsory, obligatory imposing: (adj, n, v) impressive; (adj, n) noble, commanding, solemn; (adj) dignified, grandiose, stately, distinguished, regal, lofty, baronial. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressive, modest, unimposing, weak, undignified, lowly impress: (n, v) mark, print, stamp; (v) move, affect, inscribe, instill, touch, emboss, inculcate; (n) impression impressed: (adj) touched, bewildered, amazed, susceptible, stupefied, stunned, confused, bemused; (v) imprinted, stamped, carved. ANTONYM: (adj) unimpressed impressions: (n) impersonation, imitation impressively: (adv) strikingly, splendidly, grandly, magnificently, majestically, movingly, massively, heroically, commandingly,

remarkably, arrestingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) weakly, execrably, slightly, simply imprint: (n, v) mark, stamp, brand, print; (n) impression, effect, feeling; (v) engrave, inscribe, emboss, dent impromptu: (adj, adv) off the cuff, ad lib, offhand, ad libitum; (adj) extempore, extemporaneous, unprepared, improvised, extemporary, makeshift; (adj, adv, v) ad-lib. ANTONYMS: (adj) planned, rehearsed improving: (adv) recuperating, getting better; (adj) edifying, progressive, civilizing, cosmetic, evincing progress, helpful, moralistic, advancing; (v) improve improvisation: (n) extemporization, extemporisation, invention, performance, temporary expedient, figment, expedient, device, construction, stopgap, fiction imprudent: (adj) foolish, foolhardy, indiscreet, hasty, improvident, impolitic, heedless, unadvised, injudicious, unwary, unwise. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, prudent, cautious, wise, deliberate, discreet, guarded, judicious, advisable impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass; (n) cheek, gall, audacity, impertinence, insolence, face, cheekiness, effrontery, assurance. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, reticence impulse: (n) pulse, urge, impulsion, force, motive, whim, drive, goad, motivation, momentum, incentive. ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, disincentive, disinclination impulsive: (adj) capricious, hasty, driving, rash, instinctive, changeable, hotheaded, quicktempered, impellent, headlong, passionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, considered, predictable, unflappable, prepared, sensible, gradual, overdue, patient, placid, premeditated impulsively: (adv) hastily, rashly, spontaneously, capriciously, suddenly, instinctively, intuitively, carelessly, precipitately, hotheadedly, anxiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) late, predictably, deliberately, patiently, sensibly inattention: (n) neglect, heedlessness, carelessness, forgetfulness, negligence, inobservance,

Kate Chopin inadvertence, indifference, oversight, slight, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) attention, notice, caution, concentration inborn: (adj) native, born, connatural, connate, congenital, hereditary, inherent, constitutional, indigenous, natural, instinctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) acquired, spiritual incalculable: (adj) countless, innumerable, numberless, boundless, inestimable, immense, infinite, myriad, numerous, invaluable, unpredictable. ANTONYMS: (adj) calculable, negligible, limited, worthless, tiny, slight, finite, few, definite, small, minor incessantly: (adv) constantly, endlessly, continually, perpetually, continuously, unceasingly, eternally, persistently, unremittingly, unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS: (adv) sporadically, briefly inch: (n) in, bit, column inch, morsel; (v) crawl, creep, ease; (adj) tatter, mite, seed, shive incipiently: (adv) introductorily, inchoately, initiatively, nascently, inceptively, originally inclination: (n, v) desire, bent; (n) fancy, affection, tendency, leaning, drift, appetite, dip, proclivity, bias. ANTONYMS: (n) disinclination, reluctance, aversion, indifference, unwillingness, antipathy, dislike, horror inclined: (adj, v) given; (adj) prone, willing, oblique, apt, predisposed, ready, minded, likely, liable, bowed. ANTONYMS: (adj) reluctant, unwilling, disinclined, horizontal, unbiased, vertical, impervious inclosed: (adj) confined, entrails, included, internal, intestine incoherence: (n) incoherency, disconnectedness, disjointedness, nonsensicality, nonsense, meaninglessness, incoherentness, inconsistency; (adj) frenzy, wandering, incoherent. ANTONYM: (n) coherence incoherency: (n) meaninglessness, nonsensicality, nonsense, unintelligibility, disjunction, disjointedness, disconnection, disconnectedness, disjuncture incomparable: (adj, v) superlative, sovereign; (adj) unparalleled, unique, matchless, rare, excellent, unexampled, peerless, transcendent, unrivaled. ANTONYMS: (adj)

ordinary, commonplace, abysmal, mediocre, unremarkable incomprehensible: (adj) inapprehensible, inscrutable, inarticulate, abstruse, cryptic, unfathomable, puzzling, obscure, inexplicable, inconceivable, unaccountable. ANTONYMS: (adj) comprehensible, explicable, understandable, intelligible, legible, obvious, straightforward inconsiderable: (adj) inconsequential, immaterial, small, petty, slight, negligible, trivial, fractional, minute, imperceptible, slender. ANTONYM: (adj) major inconsolable: (adj) disconsolate, desolate, forlorn, desperate, despairing, dejected, heartbroken, sad, wretched, comfortless; (adj, v) unconsolable. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, euphoric, happy incredibly: (adv) unbelievably, improbably, implausibly, greatly, dreadfully, fantastically; (adj, adv) astonishingly, amazingly, marvelously, surprisingly; (adj) emphatically. ANTONYMS: (adv) unremarkably, slightly, credibly, believably, sensibly, plausibly, conceivably, hardly indecision: (n) hesitation, irresolution, uncertainty, indecisiveness, hesitance, qualm, vacillation, hesitancy, dubiety, infirmity of purpose; (adj, n) suspense. ANTONYMS: (n) determination, resolve, resolution, confidence indefinitely: (adv) indistinctly, indeterminately, unclearly, uncertainly, undefinedly, unfixedly, loosely, imprecisely, undeterminedly, unsettledly, obscurely. ANTONYM: (adv) temporarily indenture: (n, v) indent; (n) deed, covenant, agreement, contract, indentation, notch, assurance, charter; (v) bind, oblige indescribable: (adj) indefinable, ineffable, unutterable, vague, beyond expression, nameless, inexpressible, nondescript, terrible, intangible, termless. ANTONYMS: (adj) explainable, conceivable, concrete indicating: (v) indicatory, indicate; (n) indication, reference; (adj) representing, representative, demonstrating, signifying, indicant, designatory, indicative of

301 indifference: (adj, n) coldness, phlegm; (n) detachment, impassiveness, disregard, aloofness, nonchalance, neglect, unconcern, impassivity, disinterest. ANTONYMS: (n) fervor, interest, eagerness, dedication, sympathy, favorite, compassion, anxiety, responsiveness, forcefulness, care indifferent: (adj) apathetic, impassive, cold, cool, callous, fair, insensible, unconcerned, careless, dull, average. ANTONYMS: (adj) enthusiastic, fervent, keen, obsessive, energetic, eager, involved, surprised, exceptional, concerned, shocked indifferently: (adv) carelessly, coldly, nonchalantly, listlessly, unconcernedly, uninterestedly, neutrally, middlingly, casually, unbiasedly, disinterestedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) passionately, obsessively, carefully, eagerly, energetically, warmly, anxiously, enthusiastically, sympathetically indignant: (adj) angry, incensed, furious, enraged, wrathful, hurt, rage, provoked, hot, anger, irate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cool, content, unaffected indiscriminately: (adv) promiscuously, arbitrarily, randomly, at random, every which way, irregularly, chaotically, sweepingly, unsystematically, messily, wholesalely. ANTONYM: (adv) systematically indiscriminating: (adj) undiscriminating, indiscriminate, not discriminating indisposed: (adj) ill, ailing, loath, sick, averse, poorly, sickly, reluctant, unwilling, unwell, diseased. ANTONYMS: (adj) inclined, willing, keen, disposed individuality: (n) character, individualism, personality, originality, distinctiveness, identity, peculiarity, selfhood, ego, disposition, independence. ANTONYMS: (n) commonality, sameness, conformity indoors: (adv) at home, inwards, within, inwardly, internally, deep down, at heart, at bottom, in reality, arrived, here. ANTONYMS: (adv) out, outdoors induce: (v) generate, tempt, cause, impel, bring, create, draw, engender, beget, get, infer. ANTONYMS: (v) prevent, restrain

302 indulged: (adj) pet, privileged, cherished, admired indulgence: (adj, n) gratification, delight; (n) allowance, extravagance, debauchery, hobby, tolerance, luxury, enjoyment, leniency, pardon. ANTONYMS: (n) denial, virtue, intolerance, uprightness, necessity, indifference, dismay, severity indulgent: (adj) forgiving, gentle, clement, lenient, soft, kind, gracious, tolerant, merciful, compassionate; (adj, v) permissive. ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerant, unsympathetic, severe, restrained, harsh, hardhearted, abstemious, disapproving indulging: (n) pampering, excess, indulgence, orgy, folly, foolery, gratification ineffectual: (adj) ineffective, futile, useless, feeble, abortive, powerless, idle, weak, unable, void, vain. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, effectual, effective, useful, viable, competent, invulnerable, helpful, decisive inestimable: (adj) incalculable, immeasurable, invaluable, infinite, priceless, incomputable, valuable, precious, untold, costly, beyond measure. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, slight, minor, limited infant: (n) child, babe, minor, nursling, youngster, chick, toddler, suckling, kid, pappoose; (adj, n) juvenile infants: (n) brood infatuation: (adj) devotion, fascination, enchantment, gross credulity; (adj, n) passion, fervor, fanaticism; (n) crush, idolatry, love, hobby. ANTONYM: (n) indifference infidelity: (n) falseness, faithlessness, adultery, treachery, unfaithfulness, inconstancy, impiety, fickleness, falsity, unbelief; (adj) rationalism. ANTONYMS: (n) faithfulness, loyalty inflamed: (adj) impassioned, excited, angry, hot, flaming, ablaze, irritated, passionate, painful, burning; (n) red inform: (v) acquaint, impart, advise, enlighten, announce, tell, familiarize, explain, advertise, apprise, warn infusion: (n) extract, infuse, implantation, influx, dash, brew, smack, transfusion, touch; (n, v) injection; (v) inoculation ingenuous: (adj, n) frank; (adj) naive, guileless, honest, forthright,

A Reflection innocent, straight, artless, downright, green, hearty. ANTONYMS: (adj) disingenuous, dishonest, cunning, sophisticated, scheming, worldly, jaded, hesitant, experienced ingredients: (n) contents, element inhaled: (adj) breathed in injustice: (n) iniquity, wrong, unfairness, bigotry, wickedness, prejudice, crime; (adj, n) injury, evil, harm, damage. ANTONYMS: (n) fairness, evenhandedness, reasonableness, goodness, tolerance innocent: (adj) chaste, artless, clear, ingenuous, innocuous, guileless, guiltless, ignorant, unsophisticated, spotless, naive. ANTONYMS: (adj) culpable, responsible, wicked, wary, experienced, corrupt, worldly, unfair, meaningful, offensive, jaded inoffensive: (adj, n) harmless, innocent; (adj) innocuous, innoxious, safe, unoffending, euphemistic, hurtless, pleasant, gentle, tame. ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, unsavory, unpleasant, harmful, dysphemistic, malicious, exciting inquisitive: (adj) inquiring, speculative, nosy, prying, questioning, nosey, meddling, investigative, meddlesome, quizzical, overcurious. ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic, uninterested inroads: (n) wear insane: (adj) foolish, daft, demented, mad, delirious, lunatic, fool, moonstruck, frantic, idiotic, nutty. ANTONYM: (adj) sensible insects: (n) Arthropoda, phylum Arthropoda, Insecta, Hexapoda, crustaceans, class Insecta, class Hexapoda, centipedes insensibly: (adv) imperceptibly, apathetically, numbly, motionlessly, inertly insidious: (adj) cunning, crafty, deceitful, deceptive, guileful, subtle, treacherous, devious; (adj, v) sly, wily, elusive. ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward, harmless insignificant: (adj) inconsequential, inconsiderable, humble, poor, immaterial, trivial, unimportant, light, infinitesimal, indifferent, small. ANTONYMS: (adj) significant, enormous, major, important, huge, substantial, considerable, great, colossal, valuable, influential

insistent: (adj) exigent, pressing, emphatic, persistent, crying, importunate, instant, clamant, imperative, adamant, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) satisfied, irresolute, gentle insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive, disrespectful, impudent, fresh, arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, modest, gracious, meek, submissive inspect: (v) overhaul, overlook, survey, watch, scrutinize, view, explore, look, review, inquire, monitor. ANTONYMS: (v) skim, ignore inspecting: (n) inspection; (v) inspect; (adj) curious, inspective inspiration: (n) afflatus, encouragement, idea, incentive, revelation, breath, inhalation, notion; (n, v) illumination, infusion; (adj, n) genius inspired: (adj) ingenious, adopted, elysian, creative, imaginative, elected, inventive, unearthly, brilliant, stimulated, enthusiastic. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, unimaginative, abysmal, mediocre inspiring: (adj) rousing, provocative, inspire, inspirational, inspiringly, heartening, encourage, entertaining, exhilarating, hopeful, imposing. ANTONYMS: (adj) ridiculous, uninspiring, banal, boring, dull, unimpressive instability: (n) fluctuation, flightiness, unreliability, flux, unrest, unstableness, insecurity, vacillation, disequilibrium, volatility; (adj, n) fugacity. ANTONYMS: (n) stability, calm, balance, constancy, solidity, dependability, order, predictability installing: (n) installment, start, instalment, commencement, beginning, initiation, induction, facility, episode instance: (n) exemplar, case, time, illustration, sample, affair, pattern, chance, cause; (v) exemplify, illustrate instances: (v) conceive, abate, commotion, decline, decrease, imply, diminution, diminish instant: (adj, n) present; (adj) immediate, prompt; (n) flash, minute, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v) exigent; (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent. ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj) considered, delayed, slow

Kate Chopin instantly: (adv, n) directly; (adj, adv) immediately, at once; (adv) instantaneously, promptly, forthwith, now, readily, quickly, momently, momentarily. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, slowly, gradually instigation: (n) fomentation, encouragement, incitement, abetment, incitation, agitation, provocation, inducement, initiation, excitation, stimulus instinct: (n) impulse, urge, aptitude, gift, feeling, sixth sense, inherent aptitude, knack, inspiration, talent, genius instinctively: (adv) involuntarily, mechanically, spontaneously, automatically, intuitively, inherently, automaticly, unconsciously, impulsively, unthinkingly, instinctually. ANTONYMS: (adv) consciously, objectively instructed: (adj) taught, tutored, enlightened, intelligent, arranged, instruct, experienced, qualified; (v) erudite, lettered, leaned insulting: (adj) contemptuous, insolent, injurious, offensive, scurrilous, defamatory, opprobrious, rude, disgraceful, disdainful, impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) courteous, conciliatory, polite, generous, cordial insure: (v) assure, secure, guarantee, cover, underwrite, ensure, indemnify, ascertain, control, cinch, verify insurmountable: (adj) insuperable, unsurmountable, impassable, impossible, unconquerable, unbeatable, indomitable, impregnable, overwhelming, invincible, unruly. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, easy, manageable intact: (adj) full, entire, whole, integral, undamaged, perfect, untouched, unbroken, uninjured, sound, thorough. ANTONYMS: (adj) damaged, hurt, injured, used, incomplete, marred intangible: (adj) immaterial, incorporeal, ethereal, indefinite, spiritual, elusive, imperceptible, insubstantial, airy, indefinable; (n) intangible asset. ANTONYMS: (adj) concrete, palpable, touchable, actual integrity: (adj, n) honesty, fairness, candor, honor; (n) probity, completeness, righteousness, justice, unity, entireness, fidelity.

ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty, wickedness, injustice, division, decadence, badness, immorality, corruption intellectual: (n) intellect, brain, thinker, scholar; (adj) rational, mental, cerebral, learned, spiritual; (adj, n) mind, academic. ANTONYMS: (adj) nonintellectual, intuitive, emotional, dim, ignorant, physical, thick, lowbrow; (n) dunce intelligent: (adj) intellectual, astute, sensible, alert, rational, quickwitted, bright, cunning, gifted, knowledgeable, brilliant. ANTONYMS: (adj) dim, thick, slow, stupid, dull, foolish intend: (v) destine, design, mean, aim, determine, denote, contemplate, plan, purpose, consider, believe. ANTONYM: (v) improvise intense: (adj) acute, deep, brilliant, fervent, fierce, ardent, burning, severe, furious, extreme; (adj, v) vivid. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, calm, weak, slight, imperceptible, superficial, shallow, gentle, dim, insignificant, relaxed intensely: (adj, adv) extremely; (adv) strongly, powerfully, severely, violently, vehemently, acutely, keenly, brightly, profoundly, fiercely. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, calmly, gently, dully, indifferently, impassively, jokingly, slightly, hardly, superficially, unexceptionally intensity: (adj, n) strength; (n) force, forcefulness, volume, depth, fierceness, emphasis, energy, forte, fury, ferocity. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, dullness, indifference, mildness, softness, scarcity, quietness, calmness, apathy, gentleness, faintness intent: (n) idea, intention, design, spirit, meaning, import, goal, purpose; (adj, n) attentive; (adj) absorbed, engrossed intentionally: (adv) deliberately, advisedly, consciously, purposely, on purpose, knowingly, willfully, studiedly, expressly, purposefully, intendedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, innocently intercourse: (n) contact, coition, conversation, communication, coitus, dealings, converse, commerce, liaison, congress; (adj, n) acquaintance interfere: (n, v) interpose; (v)

303 intercede, obstruct, disturb, conflict, impede, hinder, meddle, intervene; (n) interference; (adj, v) intermeddle interfering: (adj, n) meddling; (adj) officious, busy, disturbing, meddlesome, nosy, busybodied, curious, overbearing, domineering; (n) hindrance interior: (adj) inner, internal, inland, inward, midland, central, domestic, innermost; (n) hinterland, bosom; (adj, n) center. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) exterior; (adj) external, foreign, outer, outdoor; (n) shore, shoreline, edge interlude: (n) intermission, interval, intermezzo, entr'acte, pause, episode, interact, adjournment, interim, recess, rest interpose: (v) interject, insert, interpolate, intercede, intervene, meddle, intrude, tamper, step in, butt in; (adj, v) intermeddle interrupt: (v) disturb, break, hinder, intermit, stop, cut, break in, arrest, check; (n, v) suspend; (adj, v) pause. ANTONYMS: (v) cheer, respect, restore interrupted: (adj) discontinuous, fitful, intermittent, discontinued, disconnected, unsuccessive, intervallic, episodic, gaping, periodic; (prep) interrupt interrupting: (adj) cross, interchanged, interpelling, meddlesome, adverse, defensive, contrary, interpellant, interruptive interruption: (n) disruption, intermission, halt, pause, suspension, discontinuance, hiatus; (n, v) break, hindrance, impediment; (v) interrupt. ANTONYMS: (n) permanence, help, respect intertwined: (prep) clasped together, interlocked, interfolded; (adj) related, matted, inseparable, disheveled, tangled, entangled interval: (n) intermission, interruption, distance, break, interlude, hiatus, interim, pause, period, respite, gap. ANTONYM: (n) intensification intervening: (adj) middle, interstitial, intervene, interposed, intermediate colors, mediate, mesne; (adj, v) intercurrent, interjacent; (v) intervenient; (n) middler. ANTONYM: (adj) permanent interwoven: (adj) interlinking, interlacing, interlocking, complex, interwove, twine, contextural, entangled, inseparable, knotted,

304 related intimacy: (adj, n) familiarity, acquaintance; (n) closeness, fellowship, association, friendship, intercourse, affair, camaraderie, conversance, confidence. ANTONYMS: (n) distance, formality intimate: (adj, adv, v) close; (n, v) express, imply; (v) hint, indicate, allude, suggest; (adj) informal, inner, internal; (adj, v) confidential. ANTONYMS: (adj) formal, cold, unfriendly, external, outermost, public, superficial intimately: (adv) nearly, familiarly, personally, secretly, internally, privately, narrowly, thoroughly, near, well, thickly. ANTONYM: (adv) superficially intimation: (n) hint, inkling, implication, insinuation, suggestion, clue, allusion, indication, cue, notice, innuendo intoxicant: (n) alcohol, inebriant, drink, liquor, alcoholic beverage, hooch, cider, cyder, brewage; (adj) heady, intoxicating intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) sober intoxication: (n) inebriation, inebriety, poisoning, tipsiness, fascination, grogginess, ecstasy, daze, excitement, euphoria, wine introducing: (n) introduction intruding: (adj) aggressive, interfering, intrusive intrusion: (n) infringement, encroachment, disturbance, interruption, inroad, trespass, invasion, violation, incursion, disruption, entry intuitively: (adv) impulsively, viscerally, unconsciously, automatically, mechanically, inbornly, inherently, innately, involuntarily, nonrationally, perceptively inutility: (n) uselessness, impracticableness, impracticability, quality, inability, unusefulness, impracticality, disadvantage. ANTONYM: (n) utility invade: (v) infringe, intrude, occupy, overrun, impinge, encroach upon, raid, infest; (n, v) assail, attack, assault. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, surrender invent: (v) devise, form, create, excogitate, concoct, imagine,

A Reflection contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate, design, coin invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated, imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical, legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous, ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, factual, true, actual invention: (n) fabrication, conception, fiction, imagination, creation, discovery, device, innovation, excogitation, artifice; (n, v) forgery. ANTONYM: (n) truth investigate: (v) examine, inspect, explore, search, inquire, research, check, look into, hunt, ask, analyze investigating: (n) detection, enumeration, calibration, examination, analysis, counting, reckoning, tabulation, detecting, testing, surveillance invigorated: (adj) brisk, reinvigorated, impudent, impertinent, energizing, energising, clean, bracing, refreshed invigorating: (adj) exhilarating, fresh, tonic, brisk, healthy, wholesome, cordial, benign, curative, crisp, fascinating. ANTONYMS: (adj) soporific, soothing, relaxing, tiring, dull, debilitating, deadly invitation: (n) call, bidding, temptation, lure, asking, request, attraction, enticement; (v) invite, solicitation; (n, v) supplication invite: (v) tempt, allure, bid, call, entice, ask, summon, attract, receive, solicit; (n) invitation. ANTONYMS: (v) elect, repel inviting: (adj) attractive, alluring, engaging, tempting, enticing, appealing, magnetic, captivating, prepossessing, seductive, appetizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) offensive, repellent, uninviting, unappealing, unwelcoming, bleak, uncomfortable inward: (adj) inner, intrinsic, internal, interior, intestine, inherent, domestic; (adv) inwardly, inwards, in; (n) innards. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) outward; (adj) outgoing, external inwardly: (adv) inside, interiorly, innerly, within, secretly, intrinsically, intimately, privately, spiritually, incomingly; (adj) inwards. ANTONYM: (adv) openly iota: (adj, n) speck, dot, particle, molecule, jot, atom; (n) whit, tittle, shred, scintilla, crumb. ANTONYM: (n) lot irrelevantly: (adv) immaterially,

inconsequentially, trivially, insignificantly, inappropriately, extraneously, inappositely, slightly, pettily, pointlessly, inconsequently. ANTONYM: (adv) relevantly irresolute: (adj) hesitant, uncertain, hesitating, infirm, spineless, doubtful, weak, undecided, fickle, fluctuating, inconstant. ANTONYMS: (adj) resolute, firm, stubborn, unyielding, determined, decided, decisive, strong, confident irresponsibility: (n) flightiness, irresponsibleness, arbitrariness, exemption, freedom, release, liberty, renunciation, untrustiness, untrustworthiness, insanity. ANTONYMS: (n) caution, maturity, deliberation, carefulness, reliability irritable: (adj) fractious, irascible, edgy, cantankerous, touchy, petulant, excitable, cross, sensitive, grumpy, disagreeable. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, happy, cheerful, amiable, patient, pleasant, stable, courteous; (n) cheeriness irritably: (adv) splenetically, cholerically, cholericly, impatiently, angrily, heatedly, irately, pettishly, petulantly, snappily, sulkily. ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, cheerily, lightly irritation: (n) exasperation, anger, annoyance, displeasure, bother, excitation, temper, excitement, irritability, vexation, annoying. ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, balm, calm, calmness, equanimity, patience isle: (n) islet, ait, reef, eyot, wight, aisle, ile, coral reef, coral Island, breaker, atoll jaded: (adj) tired, fatigued, worn, weary, wearied, fed up, satiate, worn-out, bored, satiated, sick. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, innocent, brilliant jagged: (adj) rough, angular, irregular, crooked, craggy, toothed, scraggy, rugged, bumpy, jaggy; (adj, n) ragged. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, even, straight, blunt, level jasper: (n) bloodstone, hematite, jasp, jasper-ware, jasperite, jasp, moonstone, sunstone jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious, covetous, suspicious, jealousy, resentful, invidious, green, grudging, jaundiced, attentive. ANTONYM: (adj) trusting jealousy: (n) suspicion, jealous, jealousness, envy, envious,

Kate Chopin alertness, distrust, contention, competition, scruple, qualm jelly: (n) conserve, jam, gelatin, aspic, preserves, gelatine, kickshaw; (v) jellify, jell, congeal; (adj) mucilage jessamine: (n) common jasmine, Jasminum, genus Jasminum, true jasmine, Jasminum officinale jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, sneer, clown jockey: (v) beguile, defraud, chicane, chouse, bamboozle, deceive, cajole, maneuver, screw; (n) equestrian, horseman joining: (n) connection, junction, connexion, union, combination, association, concatenation, attachment, assembly, fastening; (adj) connecting journalist: (n) reporter, correspondent, author, columnist, pressman, scribe, newscaster, diarist, diary keeper, chronicler, newsman jovial: (adj, n) gay; (adj) jolly, genial, glad, festive, joyful, gleeful, merry, jocund, cheerful, blithe. ANTONYMS: (adj) miserable, gloomy, frosty, serious, hostile joyous: (adj) happy, gleeful, elated, jolly, glad, gay, jovial, merry, festive, cheerful, jocund. ANTONYMS: (adj) despairing, joyless, miserable judging: (n) judge, judgment, judged, decision making, assessment, thought, deciding, prejudgment, discernment judicious: (adj, v) discreet; (adj) careful, discerning, sensible, prudent, rational, sagacious, sound, cautious, reasonable, advisable. ANTONYMS: (adj) stupid, tactless, indiscriminate, reckless, illogical, extreme, untimely justify: (v) explain, exonerate, vindicate, confirm, absolve, defend, deserve, apologize, claim, palliate; (n, v) warrant keel: (n) foot, hoof, carina, root, fin keel; (v) careen, cool, pitch, tumble, droop, flag keenly: (adv) eagerly, zealously, piercingly, acutely, cuttingly, ardently, strongly, lively, penetratingly, fervently, avidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unenthusiastically, apathetically, faintly, reluctantly, patiently, passively, halfheartedly, vaguely kentucky: (n) Bluegrass state, KY kerchief: (n) napkin, neckerchief,

hood, snood, headscarf, muffler, scarf, shawl, coif, babushka, Kercher kick: (v) grumble, complain; (n) bitch, beef, thrill, gripe, charge, excitement; (n, v) recoil, spurn, protest. ANTONYMS: (v) start; (n) bore kindled: (adj) enkindled, lighted, lit, burning kindly: (adj) kind, amiable, genial, charitable; (adv) sympathetically, benevolently, tenderly; (adj, n) benign, gentle, sympathetic, benevolent. ANTONYMS: (adv) harshly, nastily, callously, cruelly, sharply, disagreeably, grumpily, malevolently; (adj) upsetting, unfeeling, sour kindness: (n) generosity, clemency, compassion, grace, good will, graciousness, humanity, goodness, affection; (adj, n) courtesy, gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, spite, nastiness, callousness, cruelty, unfriendliness, maliciousness, thoughtlessness, sourness, severity, disservice kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, love kissing: (n) hugging, cuddling, fondling, arousal, foreplay, necking; (adj) embracing, adhering closely, billing, clinging, interosculant kittenish: (adj) playful, frolicsome, babyish, boyish, girlish, childish, coquettish, cute, sporting, coy. ANTONYM: (adj) serious knee: (n) bracket, articulation, joint, kneel, knee joint, genu, articulatio genus, scythe, zigzag, sickle, bend knob: (n) button, swelling, hump, knop, protuberance, grip, nub, lump, node, bump; (adj, n) bulb knock: (n, v) hit, blow, bang, bump, tap, strike, whack, bash, punch, cuff; (n) crash. ANTONYMS: (n) improvement, boost; (v) encourage, bolster, approve knot: (n) bow, cluster, lump, gang, joint; (v) entangle, knit, bind; (n, v) tie, loop, tangle. ANTONYMS: (v) unravel, undo, unknot, disentangle knotted: (adj) knotty, gnarled, gnarly, involved, entangled, complicated, tangled, matted, knobbed, fastened; (adj, v) kinky. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, tidy, relaxed labor: (n, v) toil, endeavor, drudgery, travail, struggle, confinement, childbirth, delivery, grind; (n) effort,

305 exertion. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rest; (v) relax, ignore; (n) management, leisure, death, relaxation labored: (adj) elaborate, strained, laborious, heavy, arduous, hard, artificial, laboured, awkward, unnatural, studied. ANTONYM: (adj) easy laborious: (adj) hard, arduous, backbreaking, heavy, industrious, diligent, grueling, assiduous, exhausting, formidable, tough. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, effortless, undemanding, light, brisk lace: (v) entwine, interlace, braid, bind; (adj, v) tie, string; (n) lacing, ribbon, edging; (n, v) net, rope. ANTONYMS: (v) untie, untwine, unpick lacking: (adj) incomplete, inadequate, defective, absent, short, wanting, destitute, empty, devoid, insufficient; (adj, prep) without. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, plentiful, burdened, capable, adequate, perfect, present, complete, privileged; (prep) with, including ladder: (n, v) run; (n) stair, stepladder, steps, stairs, degree, washboard, flight of stairs, stile, stairway, staircase lain: (adj) artless, unsophisticated, unaffected, naive, untutored, simple, pure, natural, native, inartificial lame: (adj) crippled, disabled, halting, feeble, halt, weak, paralytic; (adj, n) game; (adj, v) paralyze, maim, becripple lamentable: (adj) grievous, pitiful, distressing, sad, dismal, sorrowful, piteous, unfortunate, lugubrious; (adj, v) pitiable, mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj) laudable, fortunate lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing, sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj, v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v) complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v) dissatisfied lamp: (n) light, lantern, beacon, headlight, flashbulb, flashgun, table lamp, oil lamp, storm lantern; (n, v) look; (v) behold landings: (n) landing languid: (adj) lazy, dull, indolent, feeble, lethargic, lackadaisical, sluggish, faint, torpid, inert, apathetic. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, lively, exciting, vigorous languishing: (v) decayed, washy, pulled down, wasted, seedy, worn;

306 (adj) sentimental, languorous, languid, spiritless, sad languor: (adj, n) inactivity, inertia, feebleness; (n) lethargy, fatigue, infirmity, lassitude, weakness, indifference, ennui; (adj) atony. ANTONYM: (n) energy languorous: (adj) lackadaisical, lethargic, dreamy, lazy, torpid, listless, weak, sluggish, spiritless, inert, languishing larder: (n) storeroom, pantry, food, victuals, viands, provisions, provender, stowage, stillroom, commissariat, spence lashing: (n) beating, drubbing, flagellation, trouncing, whipping, fastening, tanning, lacing, castigation, chastisement, thrashing lasting: (adj) abiding, everlasting, firm, eternal, enduring, continuous, permanent, constant, perpetual, tough; (adj, v) fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) fleeting, impermanent, superficial, ephemeral, caducous, unstable, occasional, insubstantial, erratic, acute, fickle lateen: (n) lateen sail latent: (adj) covert, secret, potential, occult, inactive, cryptic, dormant, hidden, possible, smoldering, concealed. ANTONYMS: (adj) manifest, obvious, unlikely, overt laughing: (adj) merry, smiling, laughable, jolly, gay, lighthearted, frolicsome, playful, pleased, dizzy; (adv) laughingly. ANTONYM: (adj) serious laughingly: (adv) merrily, gaily, lightheartedly, playfully, dizzily, giddily, perkily, flippantly, smilingly, riantly laughs: (n) diversion, comedy, amusement, sport, recreation, merriment, entertainment, levity laughter: (n) amusement, fun, guffaw, merriment, chortle, chuckle, mirth, hilarity, giggle, derision, happiness. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, gloom, despair, boredom, misery, despondency laundry: (n) launderette, wash, washing, dairy, Laundromat, workplace, airstream, backwash, coach house, household linen; (v) lavatory laurel: (n) bays, honor, rose-laurel, cassia, cinnamon, sweet bay, Daphne, bay tree, palm, garland, fame laurels: (n) honor, laurel, accolade, fame, garland, award, trophy,

A Reflection decoration, glory, citation, glorification. ANTONYMS: (n) dishonor, criticism lavender: (adj) lilac, purple, puce, light purple, pale purple, indigo, chromatic; (adj, n) violet, amethyst; (n) shrub, genus Lavandula lawn: (n) grassplot, field, green, park, meadow, grassplat, plot, lea, turfs, turves, turf layette: (n) outfit, kit, swaddling cloth laying: (n) egg laying, placing, parturition, place, repose, setting, put, position, lay, oyster park, oviposition lazily: (adv) indolently, idly, slothfully, languidly, slowly, torpidly, supinely, lethargically, sleepily, drowsily, apathetically. ANTONYMS: (adv) dynamically, vigorously lazy: (adj) indolent, inert, idle, inactive, shiftless, slothful, faineant, slow, sluggish; (adj, n) drowsy, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) diligent, active, prompt, vigorous, industrious, keen, productive leaf: (n) page, folio, foliage, petal, frond, leafage, slip, verdure, leaflet; (n, v) sheet; (v) leave leafy: (adj) green, verdant, lush, foliose, foliate, leafed, luxuriant, foliaceous, leaved, bowery, flourishing. ANTONYMS: (adj) leafless, urban, withering lean: (adj, v) gaunt; (adj) emaciated, thin, bony, lank; (n, v) bend, tilt, slant, list, careen; (n) inclination. ANTONYMS: (adj) plump, rich, chubby, greasy, stout; (v) straighten, repel leaned: (v) erudite, lettered; (adj) tilted, inclined, educated leaning: (adj, n) bent, disposition, partiality; (n) propensity, bias, tendency, incline, lean; (adj) tilted, canted, inclined. ANTONYMS: (n) antipathy, dislike; (adj) upright legends: (n) tradition, mythology, myths legitimate: (adj) authentic, genuine, just, justified, valid, orthodox, true, justifiable; (adj, v) lawful; (v) legalize, legitimatize. ANTONYMS: (adj) illegal, banned, informal, unlawful, bogus, invalid, illegitimate, unconstitutional, imitation, unreasonable; (v) outlaw leisurely: (adj) slow, deliberate, easygoing, leisure, at ease, unhurried, measured, idle; (adv) deliberately, slowly, at leisure.

ANTONYMS: (adj) rushed, hurried, formal, vigorous, speedy, fast; (adv) formally, quickly lemon: (n) lemon yellow, gamboge, citrus Limon, automobile, citron, sapidity, yellowness, tang, corn, crumb, clunker lend: (v) grant, give, advance, impart, bestow, contribute, borrow, bring, add, confer; (n) lending lending: (n) lend, loaning, borrowing, usury, disposal, disposition lengthened: (adj) elongated, prolonged, long, protracted, expanded, elongate, longer, lingering, extensive, stretched out, lengthy lenient: (adj) gracious, indulgent, bland, clement, compassionate, easygoing, forbearing, forgiving, easy, kind, soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) severe, harsh, unforgiving, impatient, hardhearted lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide lessen: (v) decrease, abate, fall, decline, dwindle, assuage, allay, alleviate; (adj, v) abridge, curtail, contract. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, exacerbate, intensify, raise, grow, aggravate, accelerate, bolster, worsen, strengthen, rise lesson: (n) example, education, instruction, class, learning, sermon, recitation, task, study, message; (n, v) rebuke lessons: (n) classes, coaching, tuition, schoolwork, revision, learning, education, training letting: (n) lease, rental, let, renting, hire, leasing, rent, belongings, permission; (adj) lenient liable: (adj) answerable, accountable, disposed, apt, responsible, inclined, exposed, likely, subject, culpable, vulnerable. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwilling, innocent, unlikely, disinclined, impervious license: (n, v) permit, allow, licence; (n) allowance, freedom, permission, liberty, authority, authorization, certificate; (v) certify. ANTONYMS: (v) decertify; (n) restriction lied: (n) song, hymn lifelike: (adj) vivid, graphic, faithful, living, natural, bright, truthful, lively, genuine, true to life, live. ANTONYM: (adj) inaccurate lifetime: (n) life, life span, lifespan, life expectancy, generation, hour, decade, day, time, animation; (adj) lifelong

Kate Chopin lifting: (n) rising, hoisting, plagiarism, restyling, copying, jacking; (adj) elating, enlivening, exciting, invigorating, thrilling lighted: (adj) illuminated, lit, light, ablaze, bright, ignited, burn, burning, ignite, kindled, lighten lighten: (v) assuage, alleviate, light, illuminate, brighten, lessen, allay, clear, mitigate, relieve, illumine. ANTONYMS: (v) darken, intensify, increase, dye, depress, aggravate, exacerbate lighting: (n) light, kindling, ignition, firing, inflammation, burning, combustion, setup, the illumination supplied by lights, illume, illuminate lightly: (adv) slightly, airily, thinly, easily, gently, light, fairly, weakly, flimsily, delicately, wantonly. ANTONYMS: (adv) seriously, heavily, thickly, sturdily, angrily, hard, harshly, densely, brightly, awkwardly likeness: (n) resemblance, copy, effigy, image, affinity, similarity, correspondence, facsimile; (adj, n) figure, form, semblance. ANTONYMS: (n) difference, diversity, dissimilarity, unlikeness, contrast lilac: (adj) lavender, mauve, purple, violet, puce, chromatic; (n) shrub, heliotrope, ash, common lilac, family Oleaceae limp: (adv, n, v) hobble; (adj, v) flabby; (n, v) hitch; (adj) flaccid, slack, flexible, drooping, flimsy, weak, loose; (v) hop. ANTONYMS: (adj) taut, firm, hard, rigid, upright, alive, strong, stiff, tight lined: (adj) wrinkled, creased, wrinkly, striped, streaked, ruled, banded, paved, worn, with stripes, windswept. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, plain, unlined, straight linen: (n) fabric, flax, lingerie, doily, doyley, doyly, cambric, underwear, underclothes, hemp; (v) muslin linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover, stay, hesitate, hang around, procrastinate, dawdle, tarry, saunter. ANTONYMS: (v) hurry, end, rush, depart, lead lingering: (adj) long, chronic, extended, dilatory, protracted, prolonged, residual, lengthy, inactive, dull; (n) delay. ANTONYM: (adj) quick liqueur: (v) spirits, malt liquor, stingo; (n) honeysuckle, absinthe,

absinth, kummel, anisette, hydromel, sweet wine, ale liquid: (adj) flowing, fluid, juicy, limpid, watery, succulent, sappy; (n) liquor, drink, beverage, juice. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) gaseous; (adj) firm, set, unavailable, unmelted liquor: (n) fluid, broth, alcohol, booze, brew, brandy, arrack, spirits, schnapps; (n, v) drink; (adj, n) liquid listless: (adj) indifferent, dull, indolent, careless, languid, inert, inattentive, dispirited, slow, uninterested, spiritless. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively, animated, energetic, strong, spirited listlessly: (adv) sluggishly, spiritlessly, indifferently, languidly, slowly, weakly, indolently, supinely, lazily, inanimately, slackly. ANTONYMS: (adv) brightly, nimbly literally: (adv) precisely, plainly, faithfully, strictly, accurately, rightly, verbally; (adj, adv) word for word, really, sic, actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) metaphorically, loosely livelong: (n) Sedum telephium, sedum, orpin, orpine; (adj) durable, lasting lively: (adj, adv) jolly, sprightly; (adj, v) active, cheerful; (adj) energetic, agile, keen, busy, gay, fresh, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, listless, inactive, unexciting, lifeless, awkward, sad, gentle, tired, insipid, subdued loaf: (adj, v) lounge; (v) hang around, loiter, loll, linger, laze, mess about, be idle; (adj, n) block; (adj) lump, poke. ANTONYM: (v) work loath: (adj) unwilling, disinclined, reluctant, loth, indisposed, backward, hesitant, antipathetic, antipathetical, loathe, shy of. ANTONYMS: (adj) eager, willing, disposed, keen lock: (n, v) bar, hug; (v) close, latch, fasten, engage, hold; (adj, n) hair; (n) curl, padlock, hook. ANTONYMS: (v) open, undo, disengage, flex; (n) key; (adv) partially, partly locked: (adj) bolted, closed, fast, barred, blocked, fixed, guaranteed, barricaded, safe, protected, fastened locket: (n) jewelry, medallion, pendant, case, ornament, bracelet, anklet, adornment, accessory, carcanet locking: (n) lockup, bolting, interlocking, engagement,

307 cordoning off, closing off, binding, guarding lodge: (n, v) cabin, place, house; (adj, v) live, dwell, reside, inhabit; (n) cottage; (v) quarter, accommodate, fix. ANTONYMS: (v) dislodge, evict lodged: (adj) wedged, stuck fast, stuck, jammed lofty: (adj, v) high, elevated; (adj) exalted, eminent, arrogant, grand, tall, haughty, great, distinguished, majestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, lowly, base, modest, deferential, humble logic: (n) argument, logical, sense, reasoning, reason, good sense, art of reasoning, order, logics, principle, coherence. ANTONYMS: (n) inconsistency, disorder lonely: (adj) deserted, lone, dreary, solitary, forsaken, desert; (adj, n) isolated, alone; (adv) lonesomely, solely, solitarily. ANTONYMS: (adj) sheltered, populous, cheerful, nearby; (n) foe long-faced: (adj) grave, serious, woebegone, unhappy longing: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (adj) eager, wistful, nostalgic; (n) nostalgia, wish, hankering, urge, appetite; (adj, n) yearning. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, disinclination; (adj) satisfied, unconcerned loose: (adj, v) lax, dissolute; (adj, n) limp, liberal, licentious; (adj) light, vague; (v) disengage, relax, release, liberate. ANTONYMS: (adj) dense, close, taut, compressed, strict, compact, wedged, secure, strong, similar; (v) confine loosely: (adv) freely, vaguely, wantonly, broadly, softly, desultorily, laxly, relaxedly, lasciviously, baggily, flabbily. ANTONYMS: (adv) closely, firmly, tight, strictly, narrowly, efficiently, densely, accurately, precisely, clearly loosen: (n, v) relax, release, ease; (adj, v) loose, disengage; (v) detach, undo, ravel, discharge, fluff, untie. ANTONYMS: (v) fasten, compress, fix, tense, stiffen, bend loosened: (adj) disentangled, loose, freed, disengaged, extricated, unsnarled lore: (n) erudition, folklore, letters, literature, tradition, science, acquired knowledge, knowledge, wide information, lesson, legend lorgnette: (n) glass, eyeglasses,

308 spectacles, specs, telescope, glasses louisiana: (n) lah, lanthanum, Pelican State lounge: (n, v) loiter; (v) loll, loaf, recline, rest, dawdle, laze; (n) couch, saunter, divan, sofa. ANTONYM: (v) stand lovable: (adj) delightful, charming, likable, engaging, sweet, taking, adorable, friendly, kindly, delectable, lovely. ANTONYMS: (adj) horrible, unappealing, unlovable, detestable, despicable lover: (n) dear, darling, fan, devotee, beau, buff, love, admirer, beloved, amorist, man loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous, kind, friendly, ardent, attached, admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v) tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving, rough, paternal, indifferent, distant, disapproving, callous lowering: (adj) heavy, dismal, gloomy, threatening, dark, glum, murky; (n) fall, drop, cut, decline loyalty: (n) allegiance, faith, honesty, devotion, fealty, faithfulness, dedication, integrity, commitment, attachment; (adj, n) fidelity. ANTONYMS: (n) unfaithfulness, disobedience, infidelity, treachery, impoliteness, deceit, indifference, doubt, dishonesty, unreliability luckily: (adv) happily, prosperously, auspiciously, fortuitously, successfully, providentially, propitiously, opportunely, advantageously, felicitously, as luck would have it. ANTONYMS: (adv) unluckily, inauspiciously lugger: (n) cutter, corvette, clipper, foist, ketch, sloop, smack, yawl, hoy, barge, sail lugger lull: (n, v) calm, quiet, hush, rest, pause; (adj, v) assuage, pacify, tranquilize; (v) allay, still; (n) peace. ANTONYMS: (v) waken; (n) activity, intensification lullaby: (n) berceuse, alleviation, easement, antispasmodic, laudanum, palliation; (n, v) lull; (v) sedative, sing; (adv) soft music, siren strains lulling: (adj) drowsy, assuasive, dreamy, dull, lethargic, quietening, unalarming, dozy; (n) appeasement lumps: (n) repulse, deserts, due, grit, punishment lumpy: (adj) chunky, uneven, cumbersome, granular, knobby, unshapely, rude, indolent, gawky;

A Reflection (v) lumpish; (n) failure luncheon: (n) meal, tiffin, dejeuner, dinner, repast, party; (v) nunchion lunching: (n) feeding luscious: (adj) juicy, appetizing, delicious, delectable, scrumptious, rich, dulcet, succulent, yummy, mellow, voluptuous. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteless, unappetizing luxuriant: (adj, n) lush; (adj) abundant, lavish, exuberant, dense, thick, fertile, flourishing, fecund, opulent, profuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) barren, meager, unhealthy, arid, withering, sparse, shabby, unadorned luxurious: (adj) voluptuous, costly, deluxe, lavish, sumptuous, epicurean, grand, luscious, opulent, magnificent; (adj, n) lush. ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, frugal, poor, Spartan, austere, humble, unpleasant, ascetic, impoverished luxury: (n) comfort, luxuriousness, extravagance, opulence, wealth; (adj, n) delicacy, gratification, elegance; (adj) luxurious, deluxe, indulgence. ANTONYMS: (n) paucity, necessity, poverty, filth, discomfort, bareness, shabbiness; (adj) basic, inferior, cheap, Spartan ma'am: (n) lady, madam, gentlewoman, milady, woman, madame, Grande dame, doll, chick, brothel keeper, bird mackintosh: (n) Macintosh, mac, material, textile, raincoat, slicker, waterproof, fabric, cloth, oilskin, cagoule madame: (n) ma'am, dame, lady, Mrs, woman, mistress, adult female, Grande dame, gentlewoman, brothel keeper, bawd maddening: (adj) exasperating, annoying, aggravating, irritating, galling, trying, vexing, madden, bothersome, crazy, vexatious. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, soothing, satisfying mademoiselle: (n) girl, signorina, damsel, drum, silver perch, drumfish madonna: (adj, n) saint; (n) Blessed Virgin, Mother of God, patron saint, bloody shame, good woman, the Virgin, Madonna Louise Ciccone, holy mother, perfect lady; (adj) Our Lady magnet: (n) lodestone, magnetic, seduction, siderite, prestige, permanent magnet, magnetic force, temptation, magnets, loadstone,

magnetism magnetic: (adj) fascinating, magnetics, charismatic, inviting, magnetized, magnetism, alluring, tempting, Magnetic needle, enchanting, captivating. ANTONYMS: (adj) nonmagnetic, geographic, antimagnetic, repellent magnificent: (adj) imposing, brilliant, splendid, grandiose, superb, elegant; (adj, n) grand, excellent, gorgeous, illustrious, glorious. ANTONYMS: (adj) awful, ridiculous, unimpressive, humble, inglorious, modest, meager, unattractive, boring, unexceptional, humdrum mahogany: (n) brown, kalantas, hardtack, tree, wood, table, mahogany tree, cedar mahogany, mahogany wood maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass, lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin, maiden, housemaid, handmaid majestic: (adj) grand, awesome, stately, imperial, royal, exalted, glorious, kingly, August; (adj, v) imposing; (adj, adv) regal. ANTONYMS: (adj) pathetic, pitiful, modest, lowly, undignified majestically: (adv) magnificently, regally, imperially, splendidly, nobly, sublimely, solemnly, grandly, loftily, impressively, gloriously majesty: (adj, n) grandeur, splendor, nobility; (n) dignity, loftiness, magnificence, stateliness, greatness, king, royalty, highness. ANTONYMS: (n) austerity, simplicity malicious: (adj) evil, vicious, venomous, spiteful, unkind, cruel, poisonous, mean, mischievous, pernicious, nasty. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, harmless, kindhearted, loving, unmalicious, compassionate, good, merciful, pleasant, provoked maliciously: (adv) malevolently, malignly, viciously, nastily, malignantly, rancorously, venomously, vindictively, bitterly, meanly, virulently. ANTONYMS: (adv) kindly, harmlessly, benevolently, friendly, genially, mercifully mamma: (n) breast, mother, ma, knocker, boob, mum, mammy, mom, momma, mommy, mummy mammy: (n) mama, mamma, mum, mummy, mommy, momma, mom, nurse, mam, nursemaid, mother mandolin: (n) mandoline,

Kate Chopin chordophone maneuver: (n, v) manoeuvre, scheme, measure, act; (n) ruse, artifice, device, stratagem, trick; (v) guide, handle mania: (n) passion, craze, delirium, fad, fury, enthusiasm, rage, obsession; (adj, n) insanity, lunacy, madness manifestation: (n) appearance, indication, exhibition, expression, display, demonstration, sign, incarnation, advent, show, revelation manifestly: (adv) evidently, plainly, clearly, patently, obviously, openly, overtly, markedly, conspicuously, distinctly, transparently. ANTONYMS: (adv) furtively, unnecessarily, vaguely, covertly manners: (n) conduct, etiquette, propriety, behavior, deportment, manner, courtesy, custom, decorum, good manners, usage. ANTONYM: (n) vulgarity mansion: (n) house, manor, residence, castle, home, manor house, hall, building, palace, villa, abode. ANTONYMS: (n) hovel, shack, hut mantel: (n) mantelpiece, mantlepiece, chimneypiece, lintel, mantelshelf, mantle piece, mantleshelf, shelf, drapery, drape, curtain mantelpiece: (n) chimneypiece, mantlepiece, shelf, chimneybreast, blanket, cape, sill, clavy, curtain, drape, drapery mantle: (n) cloak, cape, pall, blanket, curtain, blind, coat; (n, v) cover, veil; (adj, n, v) blush, flush manufacture: (v) construct, frame, fabricate, produce, build, contrive, invent; (n) formation, construction, production, fabrication. ANTONYMS: (v) consume, destroy marble: (n) taw, marver, leopard, heart of stone, granite, cheetah, marbling; (adj, n) stone; (v) foolscap; (adj) flint, quartz marriages: (n) marriage, matrimony marvel: (n, v) wonder; (n) prodigy, curiosity, phenomenon, amazement, miracle, portent, marl, surprise, admiration; (v) admire. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) nightmare marvelous: (adj) wonderful, fantastic, incredible, fabulous, extraordinary, tremendous, grand, astonishing, terrific, great; (adj, v) prodigious. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,

mundane, abysmal, bad, dreadful, unworthy, dire, humdrum, unimpressive, unremarkable, boring marvelously: (adj, adv) astonishingly, amazingly, strangely; (adv) superbly, magnificently, wondrously, terrifically, fantastically, marvellously, excellently, miraculously. ANTONYMS: (adv) abysmally, terribly, unremarkably, incompetently, mildly, poorly masquerade: (n, v) disguise, pose, revel; (n) camouflage, masque, fancy dress, pretense, fake, cover; (v) impersonate, pretend mastered: (adj) down pat, low, downhearted, perfecter, dispirited, depressed, declining, downcast, down in the mouth, cut down, beaten masterful: (adj) consummate, imperious, dictatorial, overbearing, masterly, Masterful beggar, skillful, proficient, adept, perfect, expert. ANTONYMS: (adj) incompetent, meek, inept master's: (n) postgraduate degree matched: (adj) fitting, complementary, equal, fitted, duplicate, conformable, level, suitable, competitive, coordinated, corresponding. ANTONYM: (adj) wrong matinee: (n) assignation, histrionics, levee, love affair, reception, adultery matins: (n) mass, vespers, canonical hour, evensong, at daybreak matronly: (adj) grave, womanly, ladylike, wifely, sedate, matronlike, maidenly, anile, female matted: (adj) entangled, tangled, knotted, flat, matt, matte, knotty, fixed, kinky, twisted; (v) crossed. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, straight, free matting: (n) matt, mounting, carpet, gym mat, flatness, floor covering, matte, master of arts in teaching, lusterlessness mattress: (n) bedding, bed, featherbed, pad, blinding, brush gully plug, feather bed, futon, paillasse, pallet, palliasse maze: (n) tangle, snarl, web, jungle, muddle, confusion, complication; (v) eel; (adj) delicacy, knot, awkwardness meadow: (n) hayfield, lea, mead, grassland, plain, lawn, sward, grazing land, greensward, pasturage, paddock

309 meager: (adj, v) lean, gaunt, bare, spare, frugal; (adj) emaciated, feeble, inadequate, insufficient, scant; (adj, adv) stingy. ANTONYMS: (adj) abundant, lavish, generous, fat, strong, luxurious, filling, large, plentiful, ample, privileged meals: (n) nourishment, fare, food, meal, the food we eat, provisions mechanical: (adj, v) instinctive; (v) involuntary, blind; (adj) unthinking, automated, habitual, mechanic, perfunctory, routine, mechanized, industrial. ANTONYMS: (adj) nonmechanical, deliberate, thoughtful, unusual, enthralling, stilted mechanically: (adv) mechanistically, instinctively, routinely, involuntarily, industrially, unconsciously, automaticly, intuitively, impulsively, technically, technologically. ANTONYMS: (adv) manually, consciously meditations: (n) contemplation, consideration, cogitation meditative: (adj, v) thoughtful, pensive; (adj) wistful, reflective, broody, museful, ruminative, musing, brooding; (v) philosophical, sedate meditatively: (adv) thoughtfully, reflectively, wistfully, musingly, contemplatively, ponderingly, ruminatively, broodingly, thinkingly, broodily, musefully. ANTONYMS: (adv) unthinkingly, rashly medium: (adj, n) mediocre, mean; (adj) intermediate, fair, mid; (n) instrument, vehicle, atmosphere, gobetween, means, agency melancholy: (adj, v) dreary; (adj, n) gloom, melancholic; (adj) depressed, dejected, dismal, gloomy, doleful; (n, v) low spirits; (n) gloominess, depression. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, cheerfulness, hopefulness, optimism; (adj) happy, bright, cheery, satisfied mellow: (adj, v) ripe, mollify, smooth, soften; (adj) gentle, luscious, mild, soft, juicy; (v) melt, ripen. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, frantic, fresh, bright, strict, young, frenetic melodious: (adj) harmonious, musical, sweet, tuneful, mellow, dulcet, soft, gentle, full, canorous, mellifluous. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, unmelodious, inharmonious, tuneless, grating, loud melt: (v) dissolve, deliquesce, vanish,

310 coalesce, relent, meld, fade, defrost; (adj, v) run, liquefy; (n, v) thaw. ANTONYMS: (v) freeze, solidify, cool, set melted: (adj) molten, fluid, liquified, dissolved, liquefied, baked, fluent, touched, limpid, sorry, flowing melting: (n) thawing, fusion, melt, dissolution, warming, thaw, liquefaction, fusion range; (adj) liquescent, pathetic; (adj, n) dissolving menacing: (adj) threatening, sinister, ominous, imminent, impending, minatory, ugly, frightening, minacious, dangerous, formidable. ANTONYMS: (adj) auspicious, approachable, promising, reassuring, soothing, favorable menage: (n) household, house, home, manage, folk, kin, class, family unit, mansion, kinsperson, kinsfolk mending: (n) fix, repair, fixing, maintenance, restoration, reparation, improvement, darning, mend, amendment, correction mentally: (adv) spiritually, psychologically, rationally, ideally, innerly, psychically, lunatically, subjectively, madly, spiritual, inwardly. ANTONYMS: (adv) emotionally, physically menu: (n, v) bill of fare, table; (n) fare, card, carte, bill, list, food, listing, carte du jour, computer menu mercantile: (adj) commercial, business, trade, mercenary, economic, merchant, trading, moneymaking, commercial relations, for profit, industrial mercy: (n) kindness, compassion, pity, favor, leniency, pardon, forgiveness, grace, charity, humanity; (n, v) quarter. ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, harshness, unkindness, severity, mercilessness, ruthlessness, impatience, inhumanity merging: (n) confluence, concourse, merger, meeting, conflux, unification, coming together, amalgamation, merge, integration; (adj) blending. ANTONYM: (n) segregation merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful, glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome, lighthearted, festive; (adj, n) convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight meshes: (n) cobweb, mouse trap, toils, maze; (adj) awkwardness, knot, Gordian knot, delicacy, ticklish

A Reflection card to play mess: (n) jumble, clutter, hodgepodge, jam, difficulty, confusion, disorder, chaos; (v) soil, botch; (adj, n) scrape. ANTONYMS: (n) success, space, neatness, ease messmate: (n) companion, skainsmate, shopmate, shipmate, acquaintance mettle: (n) heart, courage, spunk, fortitude, guts, character, spirit, bravery, valor, boldness; (adj, n) pluck mexican: (n) wetback mexico: (n) Polianthes, ceratozamia, genus Polianthes midday: (n) noon, noonday, noontide, afternoon, twelve noon, hour; (adj) meridian, meridional; (adj, n) culmination midnight: (n) dark, noon, hour midst: (adj, n) middle; (adv) mid, between; (prep) among, amid; (n) core, center, thick, interior, heart, waist mild: (adj, n) kindly, gracious; (adj) easy, lenient, benign, docile, humble, clement, sweet, balmy, delicate. ANTONYMS: (adj) extreme, pungent, spicy, sharp, severe, scathing, incisive, hot, powerful, great, passionate mincing: (adj) mince, prim, mannered, twee, pretentious, foppish, affected, la-di-da, simpering, nice, sentimental mingled: (adj) miscellaneous, complex, indiscriminate, heterogeneous, medley, confused, eclectic, motley, different; (v) blended, blent ministering: (adj) assisting, helpful, latreutical, ministrative, ministrant mirth: (adj, n) merriment, jollity; (n) amusement, happiness, delight, joy, hilarity, cheerfulness, festivity, gladness, exhilaration. ANTONYMS: (n) gloom, sadness, misery misadventure: (n) calamity, disaster, mischance, ill, plague, mishap, misfortune, bad luck, catastrophe, woe, ill luck mischief: (adj, n) evil, hurt, harm; (n) damage, ill, detriment, disadvantage, devilry, caper, devilment, maleficence. ANTONYMS: (n) obedience, beneficence, help mischievous: (adj) bad, injurious, detrimental, naughty, deleterious, impish, harmful, playful, maleficent,

arch; (adj, v) hurtful. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmless, serious mischievously: (adv) roguishly, badly, impishly, wickedly, puckishly, playfully, perniciously, disobediently, destructively, waywardly, hurtfully. ANTONYM: (adv) obediently miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched, unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject, deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate; (adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, generous, cheerful, cheery, bright, fortunate, hopeful, jubilant, luxurious, overjoyed, heavenly misery: (adj, n) grief; (n, v) distress; (n) affliction, agony, anguish, woe, hardship, evil, ill, infelicity, suffering. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, ecstasy, cheerfulness, fun, hopefulness, peace, contentment, pleasure, wealth, sport, cheer mislaid: (adj) misplaced, absent, disordered, gone astray, not there, missing, lost temporarily. ANTONYM: (adj) found mislead: (v) betray, deceive, cheat, beguile, misinform, fool, con, lie, lead astray, hoodwink, trick misleading: (adj) deceptive, false, fallacious, delusive, deceitful, dishonest, illusory, untrue, erroneous, deceiving, lying. ANTONYMS: (adj) honest, correct, real, truthful, valid, fair, balanced misled: (adj) fooled, undirected, false, bewildered, confused, erroneous, mistaken, misleading, misdirected, led astray, incorrect mississippi: (n) Mississippi river, Master of Science, manuscript, Magnolia State, disseminated sclerosis, disseminated multiple sclerosis, Ms mist: (n, v) cloud; (v) blur, cover, obscure, befog, drizzle, bedim; (n) haze, vapor, brume; (adj) misty mistaken: (adj) wrong, erroneous, false, misguided, inaccurate, fallacious, untrue, misleading, confused, improper, error. ANTONYMS: (adj) accurate, wise, right mistress: (n) dame, concubine, madame, inamorata, lady, lover, fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept woman, missis misty: (adj) hazy, foggy, cloudy, brumous, dim, indistinct, nebulous, fuzzy, dark, dull, blurred. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct

Kate Chopin misunderstanding: (n) misapprehension, disagreement, misconception, misinterpretation, error, misconstruction, dispute, quarrel, mistaking; (n, v) dissension, difference. ANTONYMS: (n) harmony, fact, agreement, understanding mite: (n, v) bit; (n) atom, jot, hint, pinch, crumb, acarus, dole, grain, acarid, iota moan: (n, v) grumble, gripe, whine, lament, cry, howl; (v) bewail, complain, mourn; (n) complaint, lamentation. ANTONYMS: (v) compliment; (n) praise mocking: (adj) derisive, ironic, jeering, mock, quizzical, sarcastic, taunting, derisory, teasing, sardonic, sneering. ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, approving, complimentary, sympathetic; (n) praise mockingbird: (n) oscine, flouter, jeerer modeling: (n) molding, moulding, cheoplasty, model, clay sculpture, sculpture, representation, simulate, simulation, mildew, mold modest: (adj) humble, lowly, moderate, gentle, low, meek, chaste, decent, unassuming; (adj, n) bashful, diffident. ANTONYMS: (adj) pretentious, arrogant, spectacular, conceited, showy, proud, pompous, elaborate, grand, conspicuous, ostentatious moisture: (n) damp, dampness, wet, humid, moist, moistness, vapor, moisture content, moisten, dank, dampen molded: (adj) shaped, characterized, affected, meld, melds, cast, inseparable, plastic, wrought, figulated, tough mole: (n) jetty, freckle, spy, bulwark, nevus, mol, groyne, blemish, birthmark; (adj, v) mound; (v) embankment monotonous: (adj) dull, flat, boring, dreary, tedious, insipid, monotone, monotonic; (adj, v) dry, uninteresting, stupid. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, varied, stimulating, lively, exotic, enthralling, brilliant, flexible monster: (n) beast, fiend, devil, freak, brute, demon, ogre, leviathan, behemoth, monstrosity; (adj) huge moody: (adj) gloomy, dark, irritable, morose, capricious, glum, grumpy, fickle, petulant, dour, sullen.

ANTONYMS: (adj) equable, happy, reliable, stable, calm moon: (adj) lunar; (n) month, moonshine, satellite, moonlight, luck, lunar month, GHURRY, epoch, orb of night; (v) daydream moonlight: (adj, n) moonshine; (n) moonbeam, moonglade, occupation, lunation, lunar month, labor; (n, v) work; (v) pilfer, do work; (adj) moonshiny moonlit: (adj) moony, dreamy, bright. ANTONYM: (adj) moonless moping: (adj) moody, gloomy, huffy, melancholy, moldy, fusty, morose, dull; (v) mopish, mumpish morbid: (adj) diseased, gruesome, macabre, corrupt, pathologic, unwholesome, peccant, sick, unhealthy, pathological; (adj, v) sickly morsel: (n, v) bite, mouthful; (n) crumb, chew, particle, fragment, taste, piece, nibble; (adj, v) gobbet, mite mortal: (adj) deadly, fatal, lethal, deathly, earthly; (n) man, individual, creature, person, human being, body. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) immortal; (adj) eternal, heavenly, mild, perfect, spiritual mortimer: (n) Roger de Mortimer mosquito: (n) fly, crocodile, alacran, alligator, mosquitoes, midge, octopus, mugger, dipterous insect, dipteron, dipteran mosquitoes: (n) crane flies, Nematocera, gnats, fungus gnats, Culicidae, suborder Nematocera, family Culicidae moss: (n) lichen, marsh, bog, morass, marish, fen, bryophyte, quagmire, swamp, Bryace; (adj) byssus motherless: (adj) unparented, parentless, udderless motionless: (adj) inactive, inert, immobile, stationary, fixed, unmoving, quiescent, dead, torpid; (adj, adv) calm, at rest. ANTONYMS: (adj) mobile, active, alive, flowing motive: (n, v) cause; (n) account, incentive, impulse, inducement, motif, motivation, incitement, reason, subject; (v) aim. ANTONYM: (n) disincentive mount: (n, v) rise, climb, frame; (v) board, arise, advance, jump, increase; (n) hill, mountain; (adj, v) ride. ANTONYMS: (v) drop, decrease, wane, dismount; (n) valley, hollow

311 mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting, mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated. ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted mounting: (n, v) mount; (adj, n) climbing; (n) ascent, setting, climb, frame, assembly, chassis, framework, ascension; (adj, adv) rising mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, emotionless movable: (adj) portable, transferable, mercurial, adjustable, ambulatory, changeable, transportable, moveable, flexible, active; (v) shifting. ANTONYMS: (adj) immovable, unchangeable muddled: (adj) bewildered, disorganized, messy, addled, disordered, incoherent, bemused, unintelligible, chaotic, upset, jumbled. ANTONYMS: (adj) organized, precise, lucid, coherent, distinct, clear muddy: (adj) turbid, filthy, boggy, cloudy, dark, unclean, dingy, grimy, miry; (adj, v) foul, sloppy. ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, dry; (v) clarify, cleanse muffled: (adj) hushed, muted, hollow, inarticulate, faint, soft, subdued, low, quiet; (v) allusive, covert. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct, audible, slight mulatto: (adj) crossbreed, hinny, Metis, mule mules: (n) mule, scuffs, carpet slipper, scuff mullets: (n) grey mullet multitude: (n) flock, horde, crowd, host, throng, concourse, mob, masses, mass, herd, swarm. ANTONYM: (n) trickle multitudinous: (adj) innumerable, infinite, manifold, multiple, numberless, myriad, many, numerous, thick, populous, innumerous mumbling: (n) gumming, diction, enunciation, chewing, mussitation, mastication; (adj) inarticulate, incoherent murky: (adj) dark, gloomy, cloudy, dusky, dingy, misty, dim, muddy, opaque, dirty, black. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, light, obvious, sunny murmur: (n, v) grumble, mumble, hum, whisper, mutter, whine, babble, drone; (v) complain, bubble,

312 breathe murmuring: (n) murmuration, murmur, complaint, grumble, muttering, mutter, murmur vowel; (adj) whispering, humming, droning, murmurous muscles: (n) sinew, strength musicale: (n) recital musician: (n) singer, composer, instrumentalist, minstrel, clarinettist, lutenist, director, choirmaster, accompanist, harpsichordist, harpist musicians: (n) musical group musket: (n) fusil, blunderbuss, gun, rifle muslin: (v) linen, cloth; (n) mousseline, organdy, cambric, crash, fabric, nainsook, organdie mustache: (n) mustachio, mastax, moustachio, beard, whisker, whiskers, toothbrush, hair, handlebar mustache, body hair, facial hair mute: (adj) dumb, silent, inarticulate, dummy, tongueless; (v) muffle, dampen, deaden, hush; (adj, v) quiet, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) talkative, speaking, spoken; (v) amplify muttered: (adj) garbled, incoherent, broken, inarticulate myriad: (adj) innumerable, countless, multitudinous, numerous, numberless, infinite, untold, many; (adj, n) legion, scads; (n) ten thousand myrtle: (n) Vinca minor mystery: (n) arcanum, enigma, mysteriousness, secrecy, puzzle, craft, perplexity, poser, inscrutability, whodunit; (adj, n) secret. ANTONYMS: (n) explanation, openness mystic: (adj, v) secret, recondite; (adj) mysterious, occult, cryptical, cryptic, esoteric, inscrutable, weird, magical; (adj, n) psychic nagging: (adj) critical, troublesome, niggling, captious, vexatious, bothersome, demanding, moaning, uneasy; (n) torment naive: (adj) inexperienced, unsophisticated, simple, ingenuous, naif, green, ignorant, gullible, natural, callow, guileless. ANTONYMS: (adj) experienced, worldly, cunning, mature, astute, sly, suspicious, wary, sharp, smart, shrewd naivete: (n) artlessness, innocence, naiveness, credulousness, gullibility,

A Reflection ingenuousness, sincerity, simplicity, naturalness, candor; (adj) bonhomie. ANTONYM: (n) sophistication naked: (adj, v) bare; (adj) nude, exposed, open, barren, raw, bleak, unclothed, defenseless, au naturel, defenceless. ANTONYMS: (adj) covered, concealed, hidden, dressed nameless: (adj) unknown, unnamed, unidentified, unsung, undistinguished, unspecified, inexpressible, strange, indescribable, obscure, unspeakable. ANTONYM: (adj) famous nape: (n) nucha, scruff, occiput, rear, back end, backside, chine narcotic: (adj, n) soporific, opiate, hypnotic; (adj) anodyne; (n) drug, anaesthetic, opium, stupefacient, sedative, methadone, meperidine narrowing: (n) contraction, tightening, coarctation, stricture, angustation; (adj) dwindling, tapering, constrictive, constricting, binding; (adj, n) tapering off. ANTONYM: (n) expansion narrowly: (adv) closely, barely, hardly, strictly, slenderly, tightly, smally, contractly, slimly, precisely, nearly. ANTONYMS: (adv) broadly, inaccurately native: (adj, n) aboriginal, natural; (adj) inherent, inborn, innate, congenital, inbred, indigenous, domestic; (n) autochthon, aborigine. ANTONYMS: (n) stranger, migrant, foreigner; (adj) foreign, learned, acquired, nonnative, overseas, adopted; (adj, n) immigrant, imported naughty: (adj) mischievous, impish, blue, improper, disobedient, insubordinate, wicked, evil, lewd, dark, unruly. ANTONYMS: (adj) decent, behaved, obedient, clean nearer: (adj) adjacent, narre, hither; (adv) more rapidly, sooner, quicker, nigher, NER, faster, earlier, Neer nearness: (n) closeness, contiguity, vicinity, familiarity, adjacency, proximity, propinquity, presence, immediacy, neighborhood, nearby. ANTONYMS: (n) distance, farness, remoteness neat: (adj) elegant, tidy, clear, natty, graceful, dainty, pretty, clever, pure, straight, nifty. ANTONYMS: (adj) messy, scruffy, unkempt, clumsy, disordered, disorderly, diluted, large, lax, impulsive, loose neatly: (adv) sprucely, tidily, cleanly, adroitly, precisely, smartly,

tastefully, gracefully, properly, nattily; (adj, adv) dexterously. ANTONYMS: (adv) messily, shabbily, untidily, clumsily, loosely, inelegantly, awkwardly necessity: (n) demand, need, lack, exigency, essential, compulsion, emergency, distress, must, constraint, necessary. ANTONYMS: (n) inessential, treat, unimportance, luxury needle: (v) irritate, goad, sting, rile, gall, aggravate, nag; (n) injection, pointer, awl, plunger needless: (adj, v) unnecessary, superfluous; (adj) futile, dispensable, bootless, excessive, preventable, meaningless, pointless, wanton, unavailing. ANTONYMS: (adj) essential, worthwhile, inevitable, justifiable needlessly: (adv) uselessly, redundantly, unnecessarily, gratuitously, superfluously, unwantedly, to no avail, meaninglessly, groundlessly, excessively, without need needlework: (n) stitchery, sewing, needlecraft, stitching, knitwork, crochet, crocheting, knit, knitting, fancywork, creation neglect: (n, v) disregard, slight, default; (v) ignore, fail, overlook, miss, forget, drop; (n) carelessness, omission. ANTONYMS: (n) development, surveillance, caution, affection, cherish; (v) do, protect, complete, remember, heed; (n, v) care neglected: (adj) dilapidated, disregarded, ignored, deserted, derelict, forsaken, obsolete, antiquated, antique, shabby, unnoticed. ANTONYM: (adj) salubrious neglige: (n) negligee, wrapper, peignoir, camisole, dishabille, dressing gown, undress, dust cover, lounging robe, book jacket, morning dress negligence: (n) carelessness, disregard, dereliction, inattention, indifference, delinquency, heedlessness, neglectfulness, laches, inattentiveness, laxity. ANTONYMS: (n) attention, diligence, vigilance, caution, carefulness, concern, exactness, thoughtfulness, regard, decency, concentration negro: (n) black, darky, blackamoor, nigger, Negroid, black person,

Kate Chopin darkie, coon, moke, lightlessness; (adj) dark neighbor: (v) abut, adjoin, populate, touch; (n) acquaintance, neighborhood, national; (adj) neighborly, neighbouring, neighboring, adjacent. ANTONYM: (n) foreigner neighborhood: (n) vicinity, district, area, community, locality, place, quarter, environs, section; (adj) neighboring, local neighboring: (adj, adv) adjacent, near; (adj) adjoining, nearby, contiguous, neighbor, abutting, next, neighborly, nigh, next to. ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, remote, far, national neighbors: (n) neighbourhood nervously: (adv) edgily, anxiously, timidly, worriedly, uneasily, restlessly, timorously, skittishly, excitedly, neurotically, apprehensively. ANTONYMS: (adv) confidently, boldly, fearlessly, unconcernedly, nonchalantly, trustingly nestled: (adj) closer, close nether: (adj) lower, inferior, down, low, chthonic, chthonian, infernal, subjacent, less, lesser; (adj, adv) under neutral: (adj) indifferent, impartial, impersonal, dispassionate, noncommittal, inert, colorless, unbiased, fair, objective; (adj, n) neuter. ANTONYMS: (adj) colorful, aromatic, partisan, positive, negative, bright, proactive, vivid, subjective, strong, partial newcomer: (n) freshman, beginner, fledgeling, neophyte, recruit, immigrant, novice, arrival, entrant; (adj, n) foreigner, stranger nicety: (n) detail, exactness, fastidiousness, nuance, refinement, exactitude, justness, precision, correctness, daintiness, elegance nightfall: (n) dusk, evening, twilight, sunset, gloaming, evenfall, dark, eventide, sundown, darkness, fall. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, sunrise nightgown: (n) nightie, nightclothes, nightwear, pajamas, bedgown, nightshirt, night clothes, night robe, lingerie nipping: (adj) bitter, keen, barbed, frosty, crisp, cutting, inclement, fresh, pinching, snappy, raw noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious, patrician; (adj) imposing, impressive, elevated, majestic,

generous, high; (adj, v) dignified, great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful, humble, dishonorable, lowly, lowborn, disgraceful, unimpressive, ignoble, modest, petty; (n) lady nodding: (adj) cernuous, drooping, dozy, dozing, somnolent, drugged, pendulous, drowsing, droopy, annuent, flagging. ANTONYM: (adj) awake noiselessly: (adv) silently, soundlessly, stilly, softly, mutely, delicately, wordlessly, gently, speechlessly; (adj, adv) stealthily; (adj) noiseless. ANTONYMS: (adv) heavily, audibly noncommittal: (adj) neutral, guarded, restrained, vague, unclear, discreet, incommunicative, reserved, uncertain, unrevealing. ANTONYM: (adj) definite nonplused: (adj) at a loss, puzzled, perplexed; (n) graveled nonsense: (n) bosh, absurdity, humbug, balderdash, foolishness, drivel, folderol, baloney, falderal, jargon, claptrap. ANTONYMS: (n) sense, wisdom, substance, fact noon: (n) high noon, noonday, noontide, afternoon, hour, dinnertime, crest, twelve noon; (adj) meridian, meridional; (adj, n) culmination nostrils: (n) naris, nose noticing: (n) observation, look; (adj) conscious notwithstanding: (adv, conj) nevertheless, although, even though, yet, but; (conj) albeit; (adv) nonetheless, though, still, all the same; (prep) despite nowhere: (n) obscurity, limbo; (adv) not anywhere, nowhither, without, not anywhither; (adj) tiresome, vapid, uninteresting, tasteless, prosaic numb: (adj) benumbed, dead, asleep, torpid, insensible, deadened, callous, impassive; (adj, v) dull; (v) benumb, deaden. ANTONYMS: (adj) responsive, conscious; (v) sensitize nursed: (adj) care, suckled nutriment: (n, v) nourishment; (n) food, fare, diet, nutrient, nutrition, alimentation, feed, nurture, meat, meal oaks: (n) beech family, Castanopsis, Nothofagus, Lithocarpus, genus Quercus, Genera Castanea, family Fagaceae, Fagus, Fagaceae, chestnuts

313 obedience: (n) meekness, submission, deference, obeisance, acquiescence, subordination, bow, observance, docility, loyalty, allegiance. ANTONYMS: (n) disobedience, defiance, naughtiness, resistance, divergence, chaos, wildness obediently: (adv) dutifully, yieldingly, compliantly, meekly, acquiescently, respectfully, tamely, subserviently, passively, loyally, devotedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) defiantly, assertively, wildly objecting: (adj) disappointed, disinclined, opposed obliged: (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative, forced, accountable, compelled; (adj, v) bound, under obligation; (adj, prep) indebted; (v) oblige, binding. ANTONYM: (adj) ungrateful oblivious: (adj) careless, inattentive, mindless, heedless, neglectful, unaware, ignorant, unwitting, Lethean, deaf, blind. ANTONYMS: (adj) aware, watchful, mindful, careful, sharp obnoxious: (adj) disagreeable, offensive, detestable, distasteful, hateful, horrid, repellent, disgusting, invidious; (adj, n) unpleasant; (adj, v) liable. ANTONYMS: (adj) charming, nice, pleasing, delightful, inoffensive, cordial obscure: (adj, n) cloudy, dark; (adj) gloomy, mysterious, incomprehensible, hidden, ambiguous, concealed; (adj, v) darken, muddy; (v) hide. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, noticeable, simple, obvious, distinct, mainstream, famous, definite, overt, plain; (v) reveal obscurity: (n) gloom, darkness, shade, dimness, obscureness, night, oblivion, haze, ambiguity, shadow, cloudiness. ANTONYMS: (n) clarity, fame, light, simplicity, prominence, celebrity, brightness observant: (adj) mindful, watchful, alert, cautious, circumspect, careful, aware, heedful, vigilant, awake, keen. ANTONYMS: (adj) unobservant, dreaming, insensitive, unprepared, oblivious observe: (n, v) comment, notice, note; (v) commemorate, mind, guard, mention, mark, see, discover; (int, v) look. ANTONYMS: (v) feel, disregard, break, overlook, disobey, disrespect, Miss, violate observer: (n) bystander, spectator,

314 witness, viewer, watcher, eyewitness, onlooker, commentator, student, spotter, finder. ANTONYM: (n) participant observing: (adj) observant, mindful, watchful, commemorative, conscious, observative, perceptive, thoughtful; (n) investigation obsession: (n) compulsion, fixation, complex, mania, neurosis, rage, passion, fad, phobia, habit, addiction. ANTONYM: (n) indifference obstructed: (adj) blind, blocked, congested, impeded, impedite, foiled, tight, thwarted, stymied, frustrated, impassable. ANTONYM: (adj) unobstructed occupancy: (n) occupation, inhabitancy, employment, abidance, tenancy, residence, possession, ownership, tenure, residency, hold. ANTONYM: (n) vacancy occupation: (n) occupancy, business, craft, calling, job, place, vocation, career, function, line; (n, v) affair. ANTONYM: (n) surrender occupy: (v) have, engross, get, invade, employ, possess, inhabit, absorb; (n, v) engage, entertain; (adj, v) fill. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, bore, quit, surrender, vacate, desert, remove occupying: (n) commencement, employment, moving in, occupation occurrence: (n) case, event, occasion, accident, instance, circumstance, happening, contingency, affair, fact; (n, v) incident ocean: (n) deep, brine, salt water, main, waves, watery waste, multitude, lot; (adj) oceanic, many, marine odor: (n) aroma, scent, odour, bouquet, flavour, perfume, flavor, savor, stink; (n, v) smell, stench offended: (adj) angry, affronted, aggrieved, pained, wronged, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, proud, unconcerned offense: (n, v) crime, fault; (n) insult, misdemeanor, offence, aggression, attack, infringement, transgression, delinquency, misdemeanour. ANTONYMS: (n) defense, virtue, praise offensive: (adj, v) foul, odious, nasty, aggressive, coarse, hateful; (adj) distasteful, disgusting, loathsome, abusive, nauseous. ANTONYMS:

A Reflection (adj) complimentary, pleasant, polite, defensive, tasteful, peaceful, pleasing, savory, euphemistic, decent; (n) defense oldest: (n) elder, doyen; (adj) older old-fashioned: (adj) obsolete, antiquated, archaic, outmoded, outdated, ancient, old, musty, corny, behind the times, superannuated omelet: (n) firm omelet, fluffy omelet; (v) pudding ominous: (adj) baleful, inauspicious, ill, menacing, threatening, black, sinister, minatory, unlucky, forbidding, minacious. ANTONYMS: (adj) promising, auspicious, reassuring, bright, lucky, wonderful openly: (adv) frankly, publicly, clearly, candidly, directly, straightforwardly, evidently, publically, plainly, outspokenly; (adj, adv) manifestly. ANTONYMS: (adv) furtively, secretively, clandestinely, mysteriously, ambiguously, reticently, covertly, discreetly, affectedly, craftily, deceitfully opera: (n) opera house, bouffe, drama, or movie script, opera bouffe, operetta, theater, script, dramatic work, dramatic composition, theatre oppression: (n, v) hardship, grievance; (n) injustice, despotism, weight, stress, doldrums; (adj, n) abuse, tyranny, dictatorship, autocracy. ANTONYMS: (n) democracy, ease, freedom, liberty orange: (n) orangeness, orange tree, Methyl orange, bergamot, red and yellow, lemon, marmalade orange, orange river; (adj, n) reddish yellow; (adj) amber, ocher orchestra: (n) symphony, minstrelsy, seats, seating, parquet, pop group, ensemble, rock band, chamber orchestra, orchestre, orchester organized: (adj) organic, systematic, regular, shipshape, orderly, arranged, methodical, ready, efficient, neat, tidy. ANTONYMS: (adj) muddled, disorganized, haphazard, unorganized, unprepared, spontaneous, unprofessional, disorderly oriental: (adj) eastern, Asiatic, Asian, bright, eastern countries, pellucid, mongoloid; (n) easterner, mongols, oriental person, orientalist orleans: (n) siege of Orleans ornaments: (n) stuff, trim,

ornamentation, equipments, dress, disposition, custom, curios, condition, clothing, gaudery outburst: (n) explosion, spurt, eruption, fit, burst, flash, effusion, gush, ebullition, blast, rage outer: (adj) exterior, outward, outside, extrinsic, outdoor, outlying, peripheral, surface, utter, extraneous, outmost. ANTONYMS: (adj) internal, inner, interior, inward, inside outfit: (n, v) dress, gear, garb, attire, apparel; (n) kit, costume, company, ensemble; (v) furnish, equip outing: (n) excursion, jaunt, journey, junket, ride, trip, tour, airing, drive, promenade, voyage outlines: (n) elements, conspectus, prospectus, syllabus, alphabet, grammar, contents, rudiments, synopsis, textbook, ABC outspoken: (adj) direct, open, frank, candid, ingenuous, forthright, blunt, explicit, round, sincere, straightforward. ANTONYMS: (adj) devious, guarded, quiet, reticent, evasive, reserved, tactful outward: (adj) external, apparent, extrinsic, outer, superficial, surface, outside, ostensible, foreign, outdoor; (adv) out. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) inward; (adj) inner, internal, deep overburdened: (adj) burdened, loaded down, full of, heavy, weighed down overflowing: (adj) full, copious, exuberant, flooding, bountiful, generous, brimming, profuse; (n, v) flood, inundation, deluge. ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, scarce overhead: (adv) aloft, on high, over, up, high up; (n) expense, ceiling, budget items, command processing overhead, operating cost; (adj) upper. ANTONYM: (adj) surface overpowered: (adj) beaten, conquered, inundated, engulfed, flooded, routed, vanquished, subdued, subjugated, overflowing, mild overpowering: (adj) overwhelming, oppressive, resistless, compelling, intense, heavy, strong, onerous, devastating, uncontrollable, depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, subtle, imperceptible, insignificant, shallow, weak, faint, bland overspread: (v) cover, spread, disseminate, distribute, scatter, diffuse, disperse, broadcast, overlay,

Kate Chopin mantle, clothe overtake: (v) catch, attain, catch up with, exceed, overpower, overcome, go by, gain, devastate, outstrip, beat overtaking: (n) passing, overtake, pass, going, expiration, loss, departure, exit overtook: (v) overtake overture: (n, v) offer, advance; (n) prelude, approach, introduction, preface, opening, presentation, feeler, bid, motion. ANTONYMS: (n) finale, conclusion, postscript overturned: (adj) upturned, upside down, inverted, reversed, wrong way up, confused, broken, wrong side up, topsy-turvy, disturbed, disquieted overwhelming: (adj) devastating, irresistible, insurmountable, crushing, monumental, astounding, amazing, tremendous, resistless, formidable; (v) overwhelm. ANTONYMS: (adj) comfortable, comforting, weak, mild, shallow, insignificant, faint, disputable, easy overwork: (v) exhaust, tax, strain, overtax, exploit, overlabor, drive, wear, abuse; (adj) overtask; (n) overworking owing: (adj) due, unpaid, unsettled, outstanding, overdue, owed, payable, undischarged, indebted, fulfilling obligation, lawful. ANTONYM: (adj) settled owls: (n) order Strigiformes, Strigiformes pacified: (adj) appeased pacing: (n) accelerando, andante, allegro, allegretto, pace, walk, tempo, musical time, maneuvering alongside another vessel, cardiac pacing packed: (adj) full, compact, filled, jammed, overcrowded, crammed, dense, thick, congested, teeming, cramped. ANTONYMS: (adj) deserted, loose, open packing: (n) boxing, package, gasket, bundling, fill, pad, pack, envelopment, wadding, wrap, backpacking padded: (adj) cushioned, cushiony, fill, corrupt, faint, lengthy, redundant, full paddock: (n) field, enclosure, pasture, meadow, corral, compound, pound, stall, ground, hutch, parrock pail: (n) bucketful, jug, tub, pailful, cannikin, pails, skeel, tankard, pot, pipkin, vessel pained: (adj) offended, aggrieved,

distressed, displeased, sore, grieved, miserable, injured, wounded, worried, upset. ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected painted: (adj) colored, dyed, coloured, motley, stained, tinted, variegated, particoloured, delineated, graphic; (v) depaint. ANTONYM: (adj) unpainted painter: (n) artist, colorist, landscapist, impressionist, miniaturist, dauber, halser, Felis concolor, guy, cable, hawser paints: (n) colors pairs: (n) quinze, brag, speculation, cassino, commerce, connections, Earl of Coventry, lift smoke, lottery, patience, blind hookey palette: (n) pallette, scope, armour plate, ambit, battledore, armor plating, armor plate pall: (v) cloy, tire, jade, fatigue; (n) curtain, coffin, shroud, cloak, cerement, mantle; (adj, v) disgust palm: (n) medal, decoration, prize, palm tree, victory, thenar, laurel wreath; (v) filch, cabbage, rob; (adj) totipalmate palmetto: (n) fan palm, cabbage palmetto, cabbage palm palpitant: (adj) fluttering, trembling, aflare, flittering, flying, unsteady, flaring, uneasy palpitating: (adj) fluttering, throbbing, aflare, flittering, flying, unsteady, vibrant, flaring pandemonium: (n) chaos, confusion, hubbub, disorder, commotion, racket, turmoil, noise, mayhem, clamor, hullabaloo. ANTONYMS: (n) order, peace, calm pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony, twinge, affliction, sting, stab, distress, ailment, cramp pantheon: (n) temple, assemblage, memorial, collection, aggregation, accumulation, monument panties: (n) pants, briefs, knickers, shorts, underpants, bikini pants, petticoat, tights, underwear panting: (adj) gasping, breathless, blown, winded, puffed; (v) palpitation; (n) heaving, gasp, asthma, heave, puff papa: (n) father, pa, daddy, Dada, sire, pappa, pop, old man, paterfamilias, cardinal, high priest paraphernalia: (n) gear, apparatus, outfit, kit, tackle, equipment, appurtenances, fitting, things, belongings, baggage parasol: (n) sunshade, canopy,

315 awning, umbrella, marquee, beach umbrella, shade, cover, tilt, tent parcel: (n) bale, pack, bundle, package, packet, section, division, batch; (n, v) portion; (v) distribute, apportion parched: (adj, n) thirsty; (adj) arid, adust, torrid, barren, desiccated, dehydrated, scorched, baked, withered, shriveled. ANTONYMS: (adj) quenched, humid pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive, acquit, spare; (n) amnesty, forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify, exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate, condemn, convict; (n) intolerance parlor: (n) front room, lounge, sitting room, saloon, salon, parlour, parlors, livingroom, common room, parlours, drawing room parrot: (n, v) mimic; (n) popinjay, poll, parakeet, macaw, copycat, cockateel, Amazon, cockatiel, cockatoo; (v) ape partake: (v) deal, touch, share, consume, attend, eat, taste, receive, communicate, join, have. ANTONYM: (v) refrain partaking: (n) input, contribution parted: (adj) divided, separate, distributed, separated, divisible, disunited, compounder, compound, dividable parterre: (adj) esplanade, estrade; (n) shrubbery, seats, seating, plantation, pinery, pinetum, orchard, ledge, avenue partially: (adv) incompletely, in part, unfairly, part, halfway, sectionally, imperfectly, unjustly, prejudicedly, discriminatorily; (adj, adv) half. ANTONYMS: (adv) wholly, totally, wholeheartedly, mainly, fairly; (adj) fully particle: (n) molecule, grain, speck, iota, fragment, jot, bit, mite, corpuscle, spot; (adj, n) atom parting: (n) adieu, division, leave, departure, disunion, goodbye, leaving, segregation, dying, rupture; (adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n) joining, meeting, connection, Reunion passably: (adv) reasonably, middling, moderately, tolerably, adequately, enough, well enough, okay, impartially, indifferent; (adj) pretty well. ANTONYMS: (adv) insufficiently, intolerably, unsatisfactorily, inadequately passion: (n) affection, fire, fervor,

316 love, feeling, anger, enthusiasm, heat, craving, desire; (n, v) ardor. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, hate, serenity, meekness, hatred, doubt, dislike, calmness, moderation passionately: (adv) fervently, vehemently, violently, fiercely, eagerly, zealously, fervidly, fierily, enthusiastically, heatedly, stormily. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, apathetically, calmly, halfheartedly, impassively, jokingly, gently pastime: (n) game, avocation, entertainment, recreation, hobby, distraction, interest, fun, pursuit, amusement, sideline pasture: (v) graze, browse, crop; (n) grass, grazing land, pasturage, field, ley, lea; (n, v) feed, forage patch: (v) piece; (n) plot, fleck, darn, blot, freckle, bed, maculation, field; (n, v) botch, repair patching: (n) patch, tiling, fix, repair, reparation, plugging, connection, burning, fixing pathetic: (adj) deplorable, miserable, pitiful, wretched, forlorn, lamentable, tragic, distressing; (adj, v) touching, affecting, sad. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, comical, effective, impressive, admirable, spirited, praiseworthy, generous, fine, brilliant, decisive pathos: (v) emotion, inspiration, impression, affection; (n) poignancy, pity, ruth, commiseration, grief, poignance, sympathy pathway: (n) lane, road, path, footpath, course, trail, alley, highway, way, tract, track patience: (n) endurance, fortitude, longanimity, equanimity, tolerance, resignation, restraint, composure, sufferance; (n, v) moderation, calmness. ANTONYMS: (n) impatience, eagerness, intolerance, annoyance patois: (n) idiom, dialect, lingo, slang, cant, vernacular, accent, brogue, language, argot, tongue patter: (v) clatter, rumble, roll, rattle, drum, scuttle, skip, tiptoe; (n) line of gab, vernacular, jargon peaceful: (adj) peaceable, quiet, gentle, even, silent, meek, peace, staid, placid, tranquil, imperturbable. ANTONYMS: (adj) aggressive, tense, noisy, turbulent, disturbed, hostile, disruptive, bothered, warlike, unpeaceful, compulsory peacefully: (adv) tranquilly, placidly,

A Reflection stilly, serenely, Pacifically, quietly, meekly, restfully, undisturbedly, evenly, coolly. ANTONYMS: (adv) wildly, hysterically, agitatedly, restlessly, noisily, manically peacock: (v) strut, swagger, pose; (n) iris, tortoise shell, peafowl, bird of Juno, tulip, spectrum, peacock butterfly, chameleon peanuts: (n) bit, chump change, small change, stipend, trivia, chicken feed, piece of cake peasant: (n) farmer, churl, bucolic, countryman, clown, cottar, cotter, hind, provincial, rustic, muzjik pecan: (n) wood, nut tree, edible nut, pecan tree pecans: (n) Juglandaceae, hickories, family Juglandaceae peculiar: (adj) particular, odd, exceptional, different, extraordinary, curious, eccentric, characteristic, anomalous, abnormal, distinctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, typical, common, universal, explicable, conventional peeping: (n) cheeping, tweeting, chirping; (adj) inquisitive peignoir: (n) housecoat, neglige, wrapper, bathrobe, camisole, dressing gown, lounging robe, dust jacket, brunch coat, dust wrapper, dust cover pencil: (n) beam, Pleiades, gleam, light, group, cluster; (v) brush, draw, design, paint, limn draw penetrate: (v) bore, imbue, fathom, infiltrate, pierce, permeate, cut, filter, interpenetrate, get through, enter penetrated: (adj) perforated, entered penetrating: (adj) astute, sharp, cutting, discerning, incisive, piercing, perceptive, discriminating, trenchant; (adj, v) biting, acute. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, soft, mellow, low, gentle, dull, dense penetration: (n, v) intelligence, discernment, discrimination, judgment; (adj, n) acumen; (n) incursion, acuteness, entrance, interpenetration, invasion, breakthrough. ANTONYM: (n) foolishness pepper: (n) cayenne, capsicum, paprika, pimento, peppercorn, black pepper; (v) bombard, sprinkle; (adj) spice, season, salt percale: (n) cloth, fabric perceive: (v) comprehend, apprehend, discover, see, grasp, find, know, observe, sense,

appreciate; (adj, v) discern. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, observe, ignore perceived: (adj) sensed, apparent, supposed, professed, ostensible perched: (adj) perked, alert, on the edge, balanced, poised, on the brink, suspended, perked up performing: (n) impersonation, byplay, enactment, hamming, business, implementation, executing, performance, activity; (v) perform, execute perfume: (n, v) scent, essence, odor, smell; (n) aroma, bouquet, cologne, incense, odour; (v) embalm, aromatize. ANTONYMS: (n) stink, stench perfumed: (adj) fragrant, odoriferous, odorous, scented, sweet, honeyed, mellifluous, angelic, angelical, fresh, gratifying. ANTONYM: (adj) odorless perilous: (adj, v) dangerous, hazardous; (adj) insecure, unsafe, parlous, precarious, risky, treacherous, dicey, critical, dodgy. ANTONYM: (adj) secure perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) survive, live, appear perished: (adj) decayed, emperished, rotting, annihilated, fallen, lost, moldy, nonexistent, putrefied, dead, decomposed permit: (adj, n, v) give, allow, consent; (adj, v) grant; (n, v) license, leave; (v) admit, let, bear; (n) licence, permission. ANTONYMS: (n, v) ban; (v) prevent, prohibit, stop, refuse, veto, outlaw, disagree, debar, bar; (n) prohibition permitted: (adj) allowed, permissible, allowable, admissible, lawful, free, approved, legitimate, legal, legalized, venial. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlawful, constrained permitting: (adj) lenient, permitted perpetual: (adj) incessant, continual, constant, endless, eternal, everlasting, lasting, ceaseless, immortal, continuous, perennial. ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary, intermittent, transitory, mortal, unstable, finite, inconstant, occasional, sporadic persistence: (n) continuity, endurance, constancy, stubbornness, durability, doggedness, continuation, continuance, patience, perseveration, tenacity.

Kate Chopin ANTONYMS: (n) laziness, indifference, flexibility, impatience, feebleness persistently: (adv) stubbornly, constantly, continually, firmly, tenaciously, unremittingly, continuously, incessantly, insistently, doggedly, pertinaciously. ANTONYMS: (adv) sporadically, acutely, aimlessly, inconsistently, spasmodically, halfheartedly pertaining: (adj) relative, concerning, belonging, apposite, material, not absolute perturbed: (adj) disturbed, agitated, hot and bothered, confused, uneasy, concerned, worried, unsettled, troubled, upset, distraught. ANTONYMS: (adj) untroubled, relaxed pessimistic: (adj) sad, cynical, depressed, hopeless, despairing, negative, pessimist, resigned, foreboding, distrustful, misanthropic. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, confident, constructive, cheery, cheerful petite: (adj) diminutive, bantam, tiny, small, Lilliputian, minute, miniature, midget, dainty, slight, pretty. ANTONYMS: (adj) tall, large, inelegant, enormous, big phantom: (n, v) apparition, phantasm, vision, phantasma; (n) spectre, specter, appearance, shade, shadow, wraith, spirit philosophic: (v) platonic, staid, stayed, stoical; (adj) thoughtful, rational, patient, learned, ideologic, ideological. ANTONYM: (adj) nonphilosophical physician: (n) doctor, medico, doc, medic, quack, surgeon, leech, houseman, MD, allergist, intern physique: (n) figure, form, constitution, shape, body, habitus, frame, person, size, appearance; (adj, n) muscle pianist: (n) organist, accordionist, accompanist, player, violinist, piano player, musician, flautist, Chopin, lewis piano: (adj) soft, gentle, indulgent, lax; (n) grand piano, pianissimo, softness, upright piano, mechanical piano; (adv) quietly, gently picking: (n) option, selection, alternative, gathering, collection, choice, harvesting, leavings, collecting, indefinite quantity; (v) choose

pictured: (adj) envisioned, portrayed, graphic, delineate, delineated, impictured, unreal, visualised, visualized, impressed picturesque: (adj, v) pictorial; (adj) beautiful, striking, colorful, idyllic, scenic, vivid, quaint, lovely, romantic, colourful. ANTONYMS: (adj) drab, dull, ugly, unattractive, modern pied: (adj) mottled, piebald, multicolored, motley, mixed, multicoloured, colorful, varicoloured, multicolour, varicolored, particoloured. ANTONYMS: (adj) limited, plain piercing: (adj, n) sharp, cutting; (adj, v) keen, penetrating, biting, bitter, harsh, shrill; (adj) high, raw, loud. ANTONYMS: (adj) quiet, dull, soft, hot pigeon: (n) dove, gull, gudgeon, cully, ringdove, victim, cushat, gobemouche, cull; (v) bilk, mulct pigs: (n) stock, hogs, Suidae, livestock, litter, family Suidae, domestic animals, cattle, boars, sheep, farm animals pile: (n, v) heap, stack, mass, pack, jam; (n) congeries, mound, bunch, accumulation; (v) amass; (adj, n) nap. ANTONYM: (v) unload piled: (adj) heaped, dense, aggregate, collective, concentrated, cumulous pillar: (n) brace, mainstay, post, obelisk, foundation, pier, monument, stanchion, backbone, buttress; (adj, n) tower pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not move; (adj) wadding; (n) throw pillow, Wanger, bed pillow, feather bed, long pillow, padding pinch: (n, v) nip, arrest, twinge, squeeze; (n) emergency, crisis, exigency; (v) compress, lift, wring, constrict pinched: (adj) haggard, drawn, emaciated, cadaverous, narrow, penurious, thin, penniless, adenoidal; (adj, n) necessitous; (n) distressed. ANTONYM: (adj) relaxed pinned: (adj) fastened, engaged, helpless, stapled, intended; (adv) under piquant: (adj) peppery, spicy, engaging, tasty, salty, strong, sharp, gamy; (adj, n) pungent, racy, trenchant. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, dull, insipid, faint piqued: (adj) irritated, irate, hurt, irked, intoxicated, indignant, up in

317 arms, in a huff, offended, huffy, excited. ANTONYM: (adj) unconcerned pirate: (n) buccaneer, corsair, bandit, pillager, freebooter, sea robber, robber, sea rover; (n, v) plagiarist; (v) hijack, infringe pirogue: (n) piragua, canoe, kayak, dugout canoe, log canoe, keel boat, periauger, periagua, bunker pistol: (n) firearm, gun, gat, revolver, rod, Captain Bobadil, derringer, spray gun, shooter, drawcansir, Thraso pitiful: (adj, n) abject; (adj) pathetic, lamentable, piteous, contemptible, miserable, distressing, mean, wretched, poor, sad. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, heartwarming, admirable, cheerful, fine, happy, impressive pittance: (n) mite, meed, alimony, chicken feed, a few, donation, a smidgen, a little bit, driblet, trifle, payment pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) mercy, commiseration, condolence, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) sympathize, compassionate, feel sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy placard: (n) sign, card, poster, advertisement, notice, handbill, posting, broadside, tablet; (v) advertise, post placing: (n) placement, arrangement, disposition, installation, allocation, ordering, disposal, borrowing, composition plain: (adj) ordinary, comprehensible, intelligible, apparent, manifest, obvious, clear, simple; (adj, n) flat, homely, humble. ANTONYMS: (adj) elaborate, unclear, multicolored, mottled, ornate, concealed, attractive, confused, fussy, obscure, patterned plainly: (adv) evidently, manifestly, clearly, distinctly, openly, obviously, patently, overtly, definitely; (adj, adv) frankly, honestly. ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly, vaguely, obscurely, figuratively, unclearly, politely, incoherently, implicitly, finely, ambiguously, covertly plaintive: (adj) pathetic, piteous, lugubrious, doleful, sad, wistful, sorrowful, woeful, elegiac, dolorous, lamentable plaited: (adj) woven, folded, plicated plantation: (n) orchard, farm, garden,

318 shrubbery, hacienda, planting, settlement, colony, parterre, grove, planter planter: (n) husbandman, grower, settler, flowerpot, plantation owner, sodbuster, colonist, cultivator, raiser, plantation, pot. ANTONYM: (n) native playful: (adj) frisky, humorous, kittenish, mischievous, skittish, impish, naughty, merry, lighthearted, frivolous, frolicsome. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, lethargic, solemn, staid, subdued, heavy pleasantly: (adv) pleasingly, nicely, cheerily, enjoyably, agreeably, delightfully, sunnily, genially, gratifyingly, kindly; (adv, v) happily. ANTONYMS: (adv) disagreeably, offensively, awfully, discordantly, dreadfully, shockingly, unkindly, irritably, harshly, curtly, nastily pleasantry: (n) joke, wit, jocularity, jest, fancy, waggery, drollery, esprit, banter, sport, jocosity pleasing: (adj, n) acceptable; (adj) amiable, lovable, amusing, attractive, gratifying, lovely, pleasant, charming, delightful, inviting. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, unwelcome, infuriating, disappointing, straight, hurtful, maddening, displeasing, discordant, harsh, frustrating pleasurable: (adj, v) pleasant; (adj) enjoyable, delectable, delightful, entertaining, nice, gratifying, merry, agreeable, lovely, joyful. ANTONYMS: (adj) boring, disagreeable, dull, miserable plot: (n, v) plan, intrigue, cabal, plat, scheme, design, chart; (n) lot, patch, graph; (v) conspire plucked: (v) ploughed; (adj) pulled, unfeathered, featherless, moulting, pilled plucking: (n) harvesting, rip out plumb: (adj) vertical, upright, erect, sound; (adj, v) fathom; (v) measure; (adv) clean, plum, vertically, completely; (n) weight. ANTONYM: (adj) horizontal plumed: (adj) plumate, crested, emplumed, plumy, plumose, decorated, flying, feathery plump: (adj) chubby, corpulent, stout, round, obese, overweight, gross, buxom, pudgy; (adj, n) fleshy; (v) fatten. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, emaciated, skinny, slim, slender

A Reflection plunge: (n, v) drop, dive, fall, jump; (v) douse, duck, submerge, crash, dunk, plummet; (adj, v) immerse. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (v) hesitate; (n) improvement poet: (n) singer, songster, elegist, author, Gilbert, maker, lyricist, muse, versifier; (adj) poet laureate, Shakespearean poignancy: (n) pathos, acuity, acerbity, poignance, mordacity, acuteness, acrimony, sorrow, sorrowfulness, quality, keenness poignant: (adj, v) acrid, biting, harsh, painful, penetrating, brisk; (adj) acute, cutting, moving, affecting; (adj, n) piquant. ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional, cheerful, emotionless pointing: (n) punctuation, indication, scoring poise: (n) equilibrium, equanimity, composure, assurance, parity, bearing, calmness, cool, aplomb; (v) hover, brace. ANTONYMS: (n) unsteadiness, timidity, clumsiness, awkwardness, agitation, panic poking: (n) thrusting, jabbing, jab, driving force, dalliance, Phytolacca Americana, dig, biff, drive, carrier bag, garget polished: (adj) glossy, cultured, finished, refined, smooth, lustrous, genteel, courtly; (adj, v) courteous, civil, polite. ANTONYMS: (adj) rough, coarse, shoddy, unpolished, amateur, awkward, unsophisticated pompano: (n) carangid fish, carangid pompously: (adv) ostentatiously, turgidly, proudly, pretentiously, imperiously, conceitedly, affectedly, stiltedly, puffily, showily, haughtily. ANTONYMS: (adv) modestly, meekly ponderous: (adj) heavy, grave, onerous, burdensome, massive, unwieldy, bulky, stodgy, hard, tedious, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) elegant, graceful, lively, brisk, manageable poorly: (adv) inadequately, meanly, bad, meagrely, unfortunately, insufficiently, imperfectly; (adj, adv) ill, sickly; (adj, v) indisposed, sick. ANTONYMS: (adv) opulently, satisfactorily, graciously, clearly, fully, excellently, perfectly, outstandingly, affluently, smartly; (adj) healthy porch: (n) lobby, hall, vestibule, veranda, door, entrance, deck, gallery, portico, balcony, inlet pores: (n) voids

portal: (n) gate, door, mouth, gateway, porch, entry, entrance, inlet, portals, entree, lips portend: (v) foretell, indicate, augur, betoken, forecast, foreshadow, bode, presage, herald, predict, foreshow portico: (n) portal, arcade, entrance, veranda, corridor, mouth, lips, inlet, chops, balcony, orifice portly: (adj) plump, stout, corpulent, heavy, obese, chubby, fleshy, overweight; (adj, adv) burly, stately; (adv) plumply. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) thin, slim; (adj) skinny portrait: (n) effigy, image, likeness, icon, delineation, depiction, figure, portraiture, picture, photograph, painting pose: (n, v) position, masquerade, posture; (v) attitudinize, place, perplex, impersonate, lay; (n) affectation, bearing, airs positively: (adv) absolutely, definitely, decidedly, unequivocally, expressly, emphatically, categorically, clearly, confidently; (adv, int) surely; (adj, adv) really. ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly, pessimistically, uncertainly, doubtfully, inauspiciously, ill possess: (adj, v) own; (v) hold, wield, occupy, bear, keep, enjoy, contain, retain, to have, maintain. ANTONYMS: (v) lack, remove possessed: (adj) mad, obsessed, frantic, hysterical, furious, fanatical, infatuated, insane; (v) ought, owed, behoove. ANTONYM: (adj) uninterested possessing: (adj) fruitive possessions: (n) means, belongings, assets, goods, property, effects, wealth, gear, things, possession, riches possessor: (n) owner, holder, proprietor, householder, occupant, landowner, landholder, proprietary, somebody, someone, soul possibilities: (n) potential, field possum: (n) opossum, cuscus, koala, flying squirrel, flying opossum, koala bear, flying phalanger, marsupial, native bear, common opossum, kangaroo bear poster: (n, v) placard, broadside; (n) notice, handbill, advertisement, card, sticker, circular, announcement, posting; (v) affiche postponed: (adj) delayed, late, belated, off, later than usual, put off postscript: (n) appendix, addendum, supplement, addition, continuation,

Kate Chopin epilogue, codicil, PS, annotation, footnote, late addition. ANTONYMS: (n) introduction, preface pouch: (n, v) bag; (n) pocket, poke, mailbag, sac, pod, purse, sack, bladder; (v) bulk, bulge poured: (adj) concrete powder: (n, v) dust; (v) grind, crush, pound, comminute, pulverize, sprinkle, pulverise; (n) gunpowder, pollen, explosive practiced: (adj) adept, expert, skillful, versed, proficient, accomplished, skilful, skilled, trained, practised, able. ANTONYMS: (adj) inexperienced, untrained, incompetent, clumsy, unqualified prairie: (n) meadow, lea, grassland, field, savanna, steppe, heath, bush, jungle, desert, pampas praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter, celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend, compliment, honor, glory, acclaim; (n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n) criticism, disparagement; (v) reprimand, disparage, reproach, scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise, denigrate, sully prayer: (n) invocation, plea, entreaty, appeal, orison, request, suit, litany, devotion, supplication, asking prearrangement: (n) arrangement, deal, agreement precincts: (n) entourage, arena, outskirts, neighbourhood, walk, neighborhood, proximity, surroundings, vicinity, limitations, suburbs precious: (adj, n) beloved; (adj) valuable, costly, cherished, invaluable, expensive, golden, choice, inestimable, exquisite; (n) darling. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheap, hated, shabby precision: (n) accuracy, correctness, exactness, accurateness, preciseness, fidelity, nicety, delicacy, truth, exactitude; (adj) precise. ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness, inaccuracy, ambiguity, imprecision, clumsiness, impreciseness, neglect, messiness, incorrectness, faintness, carelessness predicted: (adj) foreseen, expected, known beforehand predominant: (adj) paramount, chief, overriding, prevailing, main, supreme, ruling, sovereign, principal; (adj, v) prevalent, regnant. ANTONYMS: (adj) minor, subsidiary, peripheral, sparse

pregnant: (adj, v) significant; (adj) meaningful, fraught, gravid, expectant, enceinte, heavy, big, meaning; (v) impregnate, conceive. ANTONYM: (adj) nonpregnant prejudice: (n, v) harm, hurt, damage; (v) influence, predispose, injure; (n) disadvantage, partiality, preconceived notion, discrimination, preconception. ANTONYMS: (n) tolerance, fairness, impartiality, justice, broadmindedness; (v) enhance preliminary: (adj) prefatory, early, inaugural, elementary, preparatory, first; (n) prelude, prelim, preface, introduction, overture. ANTONYMS: (n) finale, closing; (adj) concluding prelude: (n) preliminary, preface, introduction, beginning, overture, preamble, foreword, inception, opening, proem, prolusion. ANTONYMS: (n) postscript, conclusion, ending premeditation: (n) predetermination, predestination, provision, preparation, purpose, aforethought, predeliberation, forecast, preordination, foresight, planning preparing: (n) preparation, manufacturing; (v) brewing, prepare; (adj) preliminary, forthcoming, coming preposterous: (adj) absurd, irrational, ludicrous, nonsensical, foolish, ridiculous, laughable, derisory, monstrous, inconsistent; (adj, v) extravagant. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, reasonable, impressive, plausible presbyterian: (n) Episcopalian, presbyter presenting: (adj) featuring presently: (adv) instantly, directly, currently, before long, shortly, soon, now, at present, readily, just, actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, now, formerly pressing: (adj, v) exigent, importunate, important; (adj) imperative, immediate, imperious, instant, critical, insistent; (n) dishing, press. ANTONYM: (adj) mild pretended: (adj, v) sham, mock, counterfeit, pseudo, spurious; (adj) assumed, fake, feigned, fictitious, bogus, affected pretensions: (n) airs, affected manner, mannerism pretentious: (adj) showy, pompous,

319 affected, presumptuous, arrogant, snobbish, grandiose, ambitious; (adj, v) boastful, stilted, conceited. ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, unostentatious, unpretentious, humble, ordinary, unaffected, straightforward, restrained pretext: (n) pretense, pretension, color, pretence, mask, plea, guise, sham, appearance; (n, v) excuse, cloak prevail: (n, v) triumph, control, govern; (v) dominate, overcome, outweigh, obtain, persist, carry, vanquish; (adj) preponderate. ANTONYM: (v) lose prevailing: (adj) prevalent, rife, dominant, common, current, overriding, popular, general, influential, epidemic, powerful. ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant, rare, unusual prey: (n) chase, game, victim, immolation, quarry, target, mark, capture; (n, v) plunder, raven; (v) eat. ANTONYMS: (n) hunter, predator priceless: (adj) invaluable, rare, inestimable, incalculable, costly, beyond price, valuable, picked, best, choice, elect. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, cheap pricking: (adj, v) keen, poignant, sharp; (v) suffer, smart, penetrating; (adj) pointed, piercing, urchin, thistly; (n) Peter priest: (adj, n) clergyman, divine; (n) minister, ecclesiastic, churchman, pastor, celebrant, parson, cleric, presbyter, chaplain printed: (adj) written, imprinted, stamped, pressed, embossed, on paper privately: (adv) covertly, privily, confidentially, personally, closely, stealthily, secludedly, domestically, informally, retiredly; (adj, adv) quietly. ANTONYMS: (adv) publicly, officially privation: (n) hardship, need, deprivation, necessity, poverty, deficiency, misery, impoverishment, destitution, dearth; (n, v) loss. ANTONYM: (n) affluence privilege: (n) liberty, prerogative, immunity, freedom, grant, franchise, exemption, concession, claim; (n, v) license, permit. ANTONYM: (n) insult privileges: (n) human rights, rights, openness, license, liberty, liberality, independence, civil liberties,

320 immunities, constitutional rights, generosity proceed: (v) move, advance, originate, ensue, flow, issue, arise, emanate; (adj, v) pass, run, extend. ANTONYMS: (v) discontinue, recede, regress, return, retreat proceeded: (v) proceed, yode procession: (n) march, convoy, cortege, cavalcade, file, string, pageant, series, sequence, progress, column procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn, win, gain, have, purchase, induce, derive, find. ANTONYM: (v) give profitable: (adj) helpful, beneficial, fruitful, advantageous, good, lucrative, useful, gainful, desirable, fat, valuable. ANTONYMS: (adj) dependent, disadvantageous, unhelpful, fruitless profound: (adj) abstruse, intense, heavy, important, sound, bottomless, grave, obscure, utter, abysmal; (adj, v) solid. ANTONYMS: (adj) shallow, trivial, lightweight, stupid, simple, mild, facile, slight, insignificant, prosaic profusion: (n) opulence, abundance, prodigality, plenty, excess, cornucopia, plenitude, profuseness, copiousness, exuberance; (adj) amplitude. ANTONYMS: (n) insufficiency, scarcity prolific: (adj) fertile, copious, fecund, fruitful, profuse, abundant, bountiful, plentiful, fat, exuberant, pregnant. ANTONYMS: (adj) scanty, destructive, fruitless, scarce, unproductive promising: (adj) auspicious, bright, favorable, propitious, encouraging, favourable, hopeful, promise, budding, optimistic, probable. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeless, inauspicious, threatening, unfavorable, unlikely, depressing prompted: (adj) impelled, driven, encouraged, provoked, pressed; (n) contumely, abuse, discussions, dictated, insult, invective promptness: (n) promptitude, agility, celerity, readiness, eagerness, expedition, dispatch, rapidity, alacrity, punctuality, speed. ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, sluggishness, tardiness, delay prone: (adj) liable, apt, inclined, disposed, subject, flat, predisposed, likely, prostrate, procumbent, susceptible. ANTONYMS: (adj) upright, immune, resistant,

A Reflection unwilling, impervious, disinclined pronounced: (adj) clear, emphatic, distinct, prominent, notable, obvious, salient, evident, definite, bold, palpable. ANTONYMS: (adj) faint, inconspicuous, indefinite, loose, slight, small propensity: (n) proclivity, leaning, disposition, bias, bent, aptitude, aptness, proneness, predisposition, predilection, penchant. ANTONYM: (n) inability prophet: (n) augur, oracle, vaticinator, seer, predictor, diviner, forecaster, visionary, foreteller, priest, clairvoyant proprietor: (n) possessor, manager, landlord, holder, host, keeper, master, employer, patron, proprietress, proprietary prospects: (n) perspective, forecast, circumstances, odds, expectation, possibilities, prediction, projection, scenario, diagnosis prosperous: (adj, n) lucky, auspicious, fortunate; (adj) flourishing, favorable, opulent, easy, comfortable, affluent, advantageous, successful. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, unsuccessful, failing, underprivileged, impoverished prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, level, fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj) deject, knock down. ANTONYM: (adj) upright protected: (adj) guarded, immune, secured, sheltered, saved, covered, shielded, obtected, cosseted; (v) protect, private. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, harsh, insecure, exposed, susceptible protecting: (adj) shielding, defensive, preserving, protected, patron; (n) protection, patrol, conservation, tutelage, momism, preservation protruded: (adj) extant, outstanding proudly: (adv) haughtily, arrogantly, superciliously, boastfully, vainly, splendidly, stately, loftily, snootily, disdainfully, conceitedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) humbly, modestly providence: (n) forethought, fortune, fate, discretion, God, destiny, care, economy, caution, precaution, chance. ANTONYM: (n) improvidence provoked: (adj, prep) exasperated, inflamed; (adj) irritated, aggravated, infuriated, indignant, irate, huffy, hot, excited; (adv) up in arms.

ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, gratuitous, pleased prudery: (n) primness, modesty, coquetry, priggishness, prudishness, demureness; (v) sentimentalism prunella: (n) genus prunella prying: (adj) inquisitive, meddlesome, nosy, inquiring, nosey, intrusive, busy, snoopy; (n) nosiness, curiosity; (adj, n) meddling. ANTONYMS: (adj) apathetic; (n) apathy psychologist: (n) parapsychologist, behaviorist, behaviourist, hypnotizer, mesmerist, scientist, man of science, Jungian, Jung, James, psychologue puff: (adj, n, v) gasp; (n, v) blow, whiff, gust, drag; (v) boast, inflate, huff, heave, brag, distend puffed: (adj) puff, bloated, distended, puffy, tumid, turgid, swell, breathless, bepuffed, overflowing, out of breath pungent: (adj, n) bitter; (adj) hot, peppery, acid, acrid, biting, penetrating, caustic; (adj, v) poignant, keen, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, sweet, faint, odorless purchasing: (n) buying, purchase, buy, buy-out, purchases, shopping, transaction, sale, catalog buying, ownership purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, advisedly, knowingly; (adv) intentionally, on purpose, by design, consciously, by choice, calculatedly, explicitly; (adj) wittingly. ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally purse: (n) bag, pouch, money, handbag, sac, currency, pocketbook, pelf; (v) wrinkle, pucker, crease pursue: (v) follow, dog, prosecute, hunt, course, tail, stalk, persist, hound, haunt, go after. ANTONYMS: (v) shun, eschew, avoid, discourage, lead, precede, find pursued: (n) hunted person pursuing: (n) pursuit, search, hunt; (adj) coming, engaged pushing: (adj) enterprising, pushy, pushful, ambitious, officious, adventurous; (n) push, propulsion, thrusting, actuation; (v) meddlesome puzzled: (adj) bewildered, confused, baffled, nonplussed, doubtful, bemused, at a loss, curious, mystified, nonplused, dazed. ANTONYM: (adj) clear pyre: (n) pile, heap, funeral, funeral

Kate Chopin pyre, stake, wake, mound, hair, fire, funeral pile quadroon: (n) octoroon quaint: (adj) odd, funny, picturesque, comical, fanciful, curious, whimsical, strange, queer, peculiar, droll. ANTONYMS: (adj) modern, ordinary, dull quantity: (n) amount, quantum, extent, measure, sum, multitude, total, portion, heap, degree, deal quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v) fight, feud, brawl, row, altercation, argue, conflict, squabble; (n) dissension, difference. ANTONYMS: (n) agreement, reconciliation, acceptance, concord, consensus; (v) agree quarters: (n) abode, domicile, lodging, residence, quarter, diggings, pad, digs, lodgings, accommodation, barracks quaver: (n, v) quiver, quake, shake, shudder, shiver, tremble; (n) tremor, eighth note; (v) warble, flutter, flicker queenly: (adj) queenlike, royal, noble, dignified, regal, majestic, imperial, sovereign queer: (adj) fantastic, odd, eccentric, funny, curious, gay, peculiar, strange, quaint, fishy, outlandish. ANTONYMS: (adj) conventional, normal, well quest: (n) pursuit, investigation, exploration, chase, research, inquest; (n, v) probe, hunt, inquiry, examination; (v) call for questioner: (n) inquirer, interrogator, enquirer, interviewer, querist, investigator, examiner, asker, doubter, talker, speaker questioning: (adj) inquisitive, curious, suspicious, quizzical, doubting; (n) question, inquiry, query, examination, interrogation, enquiry. ANTONYMS: (adj) illogical, certain, credulous quickened: (adj) hasty, rapid, passionate, intoxicated quicker: (adv) more quickly, sooner, earlier quieted: (adj) composed quit: (adj, n, v) leave; (v) go, drop, break, cease, give up, depart, end, discontinue; (adj, v) discharge; (n, v) part. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, occupy, enter, maintain, start, come, arrive quitting: (n) departure, resignation quivering: (adj, n) trembling, tremor, quaking, trepidation; (n) palpitation, quiver, vibration; (adj) flutter,

quavering, shivering, tremulous. ANTONYM: (adj) steady quizzical: (adj) mocking, eccentric, fanciful, fantastic, queer, playful, derisive, jocular, waggish, ironical, ironic races: (n) racing, athletics racing: (n) overspeed, horse racing, boat racing, athletics, camel racing, greyhound racing; (v) contend; (adj) fast radiance: (n) gleam, glory, brilliance, luster, lustre, beam, brightness, effulgence, sparkle, light; (adj, n) brilliancy. ANTONYMS: (n) darkness, gloominess radiant: (adj, v) bright, glittering, lustrous, beamy, glorious; (adj) beaming, luminous, effulgent, lucid, glowing, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, dark, pale, unhappy rainy: (adj) moist, pluvial, damp, pluvious, stormy, juicy, dirty, soppy, raining, drizzly; (adj, v) showery. ANTONYM: (adj) pleasant random: (adj) accidental, aimless, patchy, irregular, fortuitous, arbitrary, casual, indiscriminate, incidental; (n) chance, accident. ANTONYMS: (adj) systematic, nonrandom, regular, predictable, ordered, logical, exact, discerning, methodical, organized, deliberate rank: (n, v) range, order, place, position, grade, class, line, file; (v) arrange, classify; (n) gradation. ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, pleasant, clean ranks: (n) rank and file rapidity: (n) expedition, quickness, promptness, dispatch, celerity, haste, velocity, pace, fleetness, promptitude, speed. ANTONYM: (n) tardiness rapt: (adj) engrossed, intent, ecstatic, preoccupied, spellbound, captive, enthralled, attentive, fixed, enwrapped; (v) engrossed in. ANTONYMS: (adj) detached, inattentive, uninterested, bored rapture: (n) joy, bliss, delight, happiness, exaltation, elation, exultation, enchantment; (adj, n) enthusiasm; (n, v) transport; (adj, n, v) passion. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, boredom, misery, gloom, agony, hell, despair rash: (adj, n) foolhardy, hasty, precipitate, eruption; (adj) imprudent, reckless, impetuous, heedless, audacious, sudden; (adj, adv) thoughtless. ANTONYMS:

321 (adj) cautious, careful, sensible, wise, considered, deliberate, prudent, modest, slow, responsible, patient rattled: (adj) hot and bothered, perturbed, upset, unsettled, puzzled, disconcerted, discomposed, bewildered, beside oneself, abashed, addled. ANTONYM: (adj) calm rays: (n) light, sunlight, Selachii, dogfishes, elasmobranch, Elasmobranchii, emission, daylight, sunshine, selachian, subclass Elasmobranchii realization: (n) accomplishment, awareness, fulfillment, implementation, comprehension, realisation, fruition, actualization, completion, grasp, performance. ANTONYMS: (n) failure, unconsciousness, abandonment, ignorance realize: (v) achieve, perform, discover, attain, appreciate, make, execute, complete, accomplish, know, sense. ANTONYMS: (v) fail, neglect realized: (adj) accomplished, realised, completed, effected, fulfilled, caught, done, finished, highly skilled, established realizing: (n) thought realm: (n) area, domain, field, country, region, nation, department, arena, land, empire, ground rear: (v) breed, raise, bring up, nurture, educate, foster, nurse; (adj, v) erect; (n) tail; (adj, n) posterior; (adj) after. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) front; (adj) fore; (n) head; (v) level reasoning: (n) argumentation, deduction, ratiocination, illation, logic, argument, abstract thought, sense, judgment, thought; (adj) rational reassure: (n, v) encourage; (v) guarantee, calm, comfort, console, hearten, assuage, quieten, soothe, promise; (n) cheer. ANTONYMS: (v) worry, unsettle, terrify, alarm, undermine, upset rebellion: (n) revolt, insurrection, mutiny, disobedience, uprising, unrest, revolution, outbreak, defiance, insurgency, commotion. ANTONYMS: (n) consent, compliance rebuild: (v) restore, repair, mend, rehabilitate, rebuilding, renew, renovate, reform, fix, do up, heal rebuke: (n, v) reprimand, rebuff,

322 reproach, chide, blame, reproof, lecture, check; (v) castigate, berate; (n) admonition. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise, compliment; (v) commend, acknowledge, approve; (n) approval recalling: (adj) revocatory; (n) recognition receiving: (n) getting, reception, acceptance, taking, adoption, recipiency; (v) receive; (adj) received, accepting, admitting, recipient. ANTONYM: (n) rejection reception: (n) acceptance, admission, receiving, greeting, getting, salutation, acceptation, comprehension; (adj, n) entertainment, party; (n, v) adoption. ANTONYMS: (n) dispatch, rejection receptive: (adj) responsive, susceptible, impressionable, hospitable, sensitive, approachable, friendly, sympathetic, recipient, vulnerable, perceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) resistant, unreceptive, unresponsive, hostile, indifferent, slow, standoffish recitation: (n) reading, narration, narrative, description, rehearsal, lesson, account, practice, exercise, oration, explanation reckless: (adj) careless, rash, foolhardy, hasty, incautious, extravagant, daring, desperate, brash; (adj, v) imprudent, wanton. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, prudent, sensible, wise, responsible, parsimonious, considered, safe, guarded, dutiful, discreet reclaim: (v) recover, reform, cultivate, claim, repossess, claim back, regain, recycle, salvage, correct, redeem. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, discard reclining: (adj, v) leaning; (adj) recumbent, decumbent, accumbent, lying, lying down, obligatory, idle, prone, prostrate; (n) relaxation recognize: (n, v) know, discern; (v) acknowledge, identify, distinguish, admit, discover, confess, realize, allow, appreciate. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, diminish, forget, ignore, disregard recognized: (adj) accepted, noted, recognised, established, illustrious, distinguished, standard, known, notorious; (adj, v) received; (v) ascertained. ANTONYMS: (adj) unofficial, concealed, dubious, informal recollection: (n, v) mind; (n) reminiscence, recall, anamnesis,

A Reflection remembrance, recognition, memento, memorial, commemoration, memoir, retrospect recollections: (n) memories, reminiscences, recollection, biography recommending: (adj) recommendatory, commendatory reconcile: (adj, v) conciliate, accord, harmonize; (v) accommodate, pacify, placate, mediate, adjust, harmonise, make up, propitiate. ANTONYMS: (v) alienate, estrange, provoke, quarrel, segregate, worsen reconciling: (adj) accommodative, peacemaking, gentle, mild, conciliatory, peaceful, cooperative, quiet; (n) integration, merging, reconciliation recovering: (v) recover, regain, restore; (adj) better; (n) rehabilitation, recovery, rescue, relaxation; (adv) getting better, on the road to recovery, improving re-creation: (n) recreation, picture red-hot: (adj) impassioned, flaming, burning, fiery, incandescent, torrid, enthusiastic, boiling, up-to-date, sultry, contemporary reed: (adj) thread, rope of sand; (n) triangle, surgeon, xylophone, woodwind, tuning fork, sawbones, arrow, pipe, dart reeds: (n) Poaceae, grass family, Graminaceae, family Gramineae, family Graminaceae, bamboo, Gramineae reeling: (adj) giddy, intoxicated, tipsy, queer, lightheaded, groggy, fuddled, bewildered; (n) titubation, rotary straightening reflection: (n) contemplation, thought, deliberation, meditation, musing, cogitation, idea, notion, introspection; (n, v) observation, reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n) impulsiveness, confirmation refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid, leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj, v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold. ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act, consume, persist refreshed: (adj) invigorated, rejuvenated, reinvigorated, new, novel, revived, impudent, energizing, overbold, energising, clean. ANTONYM: (adj) tired refreshing: (adj) bracing, invigorating, refreshful, pleasant, fresh, cool, refresh, refreshingly, crisp, tonic, pleasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwelcome, soporific, tiring,

relaxing, musty refreshment: (n) bite, drink, recreation, collation, repose, relief, rest, entertainment, treat; (v) invigoration; (n, v) regalement refuge: (n) sanctuary, asylum, safety, retreat, cover, harborage, haven, shelter, harbor; (n, v) recourse, resort refusal: (n) denial, declination, negative, rebuff, rejection, no, prohibition, ban, repulse, negation, exclusion. ANTONYMS: (n) permission, acceptance, compliance, approval, disposition, inclination, affirmative, affirmation refuse: (v) deny, reject, decline, disallow, rebuff, turn down; (adj, n) waste, trash; (n) offal, litter; (n, v) dross. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, receive, permit, offer, dedicate, approve, agree, admit, choose, pass, affirm regain: (v) retrieve, recoup, recuperate, reclaim, recapture, redeem, get, discover, feel, recall, get back regal: (adj) noble, imperial, grand, purple, royal, dignified, kingly, August, imposing, stately, magnificent. ANTONYMS: (adj) undignified, modest, poor regarding: (prep) about, as regards, for, on, towards, apropos; (adj, prep) with regard to, with reference to; (adj) as to, in regard to, in relation to regards: (v) regard, esteem, respect, consideration, honor, motive; (adj) abord, devoir; (n) greeting, relation, duty regret: (n, v) grieve, sorrow; (v) bewail, lament, mourn, bemoan, deplore; (n) remorse, penitence, compunction, contrition. ANTONYMS: (v) welcome, praise; (n) idealism, shamelessness, joy, satisfaction regrets: (n) regret, declination, RSVP regrets only, acknowledgement, acknowledgment, celestial latitude, excuse, Dec regulated: (adj) ordered, arranged, consistent, lawful, temperate, not haphazard, organized; (adv) in time, in harmony, keeping pace, keeping up reiterated: (adj) repeated, monotonous, frequent rejoice: (v) cheer, gladden, triumph, revel, jubilate, gratify, gloat, please; (n, v) delight, glory, joy. ANTONYMS: (v) lament, mourn,

Kate Chopin complain relate: (v) recount, narrate, link, associate, tell, appertain, apply, detail, describe, recite, refer. ANTONYMS: (v) dissociate, conceal, conflict, contrast, disconnect, separate relax: (adj, v) loose, debilitate, weaken; (v) abate, lounge, unbend, give, melt, remit, relieve; (adj, n, v) relent. ANTONYMS: (v) tense, compress, strain, stiffen, increase, fluster, bend, agitate, impose relaxation: (n) diversion, amusement, pastime, entertainment, rest, recreation, leisure, comfort, quiet, remission, respite. ANTONYMS: (n) anxiety, rigidity, work, increase, agitation relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften, moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax, capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS: (v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand reliable: (adj, v) trustworthy, credible; (adj) honest, firm, dependable, safe, trusty, true, certain, authentic, faithful. ANTONYMS: (adj) fallacious, inconsistent, false, careless, unpredictable, unsafe, disreputable, doubtful, shaky, senseless, irresponsible relic: (n, v) memento, souvenir, keepsake; (n) token, trace, remainder, remains, antique, relict, vestige, remnant relics: (n) relic, rood, rosary, thurible, reliquary, remainder, remain, leavings, remains, remnants, patera relieving: (adj) pertinent, comforting, applicable; (n) encouragement religiously: (adv) conscientiously, spiritually, devoutly, reverently, sacredly, holy, Godly, scrupulously, devotedly, morally, devotionally relinquish: (v) abandon, abdicate, leave, cede, quit, renounce, give up, discard, disclaim, yield, desert. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, accept, continue, enforce, acquire relish: (n, v) enjoy, fancy, love; (n) gusto, liking, palate, enthusiasm, enjoyment; (adj, n) flavor; (v) bask, like. ANTONYM: (n) apathy remainder: (n) excess, leftover, overplus, end, residue, oddment, balance, rest, surplus; (adj, n) remnant; (adv) after remark: (n, v) comment, notice, note, mention, regard, mind; (adj, n, v) observe; (v) perceive, mark, discern; (n) observation

remarkably: (adj, adv) outstandingly, markedly, conspicuously, particularly, prominently; (adv) signally, uncommonly, surprisingly, extremely, wonderfully, curiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) normally, slightly, poorly, unexceptionally remarks: (n) commentary, explanation remembering: (n) recollection, recall, memory, identification, recognition, remember, association, connection, connexion, reminiscence, remembrance reminder: (n) memento, note, memorandum, memorial, prompt, suggestion, commemoration, monument, remembrance, memory; (n, v) hint reminiscent: (adj) evocative, remindful, indicative, suggestive, redolent of, retrospective, aromatic, aware, important, meaningful, mindful remittent: (adj) decreased remnant: (n) end, relic, remains, residue, fragment, leftover, survival, trace, oddment, balance, stub remodeling: (n) correction, adaptation, change, conversion, redress remonstrance: (n) protest, expostulation, objection, dissuasion, censure, remonstration, reprehension, admonition, monstrance, mediation, dehortation remonstrate: (v) argue, complain, expostulate, object, protest, rebuke, dissuade, chide, scold, dispute, warn. ANTONYM: (v) agree remorse: (n) penitence, contrition, repentance, regret, guilt, penance, sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness, compassion. ANTONYM: (n) shamelessness removing: (adj) departing rendezvous: (n) encounter, tryst, appointment, meeting, meeting place, date, engagement, resort, affair; (v) meet, center round renewed: (adj) changed, born again, new, fresh, redintegrate, rehabilitated, transformed, regenerate, reformed, Renate repairing: (n) repair, adjustment; (adj) remedial repast: (n) feast, food, banquet, dinner, lunch, refection, collation, luncheon, spread, potluck, eating repeating: (n) repeat, iteration, renewal, repetition, redundancy, copying, reduplication; (adj)

323 repetitious, iterating, iterative, repetitive repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm; (n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure, recreation, relaxation; (v) lay. ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n) activity, panic, agitation repression: (n) restraint, coercion, confinement, suppression, control, oppression, check, inhibition, despotism, cohibition, domination. ANTONYMS: (n) democracy, expression, liberty reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n) compliment, commendation, approval reproachful: (adj, v) condemnatory, disparaging, vituperative; (adj) admonitory, opprobrious, disgraceful, shameful, reproving, objurgatory, contumelious; (v) denunciatory repulse: (n, v) rebuff, defeat; (v) repel, nauseate, disgust, drive back, revolt, reject, refuse, beat back; (n) refusal. ANTONYMS: (v) attract, accept, delight, yield, please; (n, v) welcome repulsive: (adj) offensive, detestable, ugly, disagreeable, nauseous, hideous, loathsome, abhorrent; (adj, v) abominable, hateful, obnoxious. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, delightful, desirable, reputable, lovely, lovable, humane, appealing, laudable requested: (adj) demanded requiring: (v) require; (adv) demandingly; (adj) demanding, pressing resemblance: (n) affinity, parallel, similarity, comparison, correspondence, likeness, conformity, appearance, analogy, semblance, resemble. ANTONYMS: (n) dissimilarity, contrast resembling: (adj, prep) like; (adj) analogous, parallel, similar, conformable, approximate, semblative, other, probable; (prep) similar to, reminiscent of. ANTONYM: (prep) unlike resentment: (n) grudge, displeasure, indignation, anger, ill will, rancor, umbrage, rage, envy, grievance, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) friendliness, happiness, contentment, calm

324 reserve: (adj, v) save; (n) reservation, backup, modesty, bank; (adj, n) substitute; (v) keep back, maintain, book, withhold, appropriate. ANTONYMS: (n) warmth, friendliness, informality, approachability, arrogance, boldness, brashness; (v) show, use; (adj) active reserved: (adj, n) cold, distant, frigid; (adj) coy, reticent, diffident, bashful, aloof, retiring, quiet, shy. ANTONYMS: (adj) open, forthcoming, uninhibited, relaxed, warm, communicative, talkative, free, definite, cordial, forward residence: (n) home, house, dwelling, lodging, accommodation, domicile, occupancy, place, mansion, habitation, manse. ANTONYM: (n) vacancy resignation: (n) endurance, surrender, patience, renunciation, abdication, submission, acquiescence, compliance, renouncement, demission, cession. ANTONYM: (n) defiance resigned: (adj) patient, acquiescent, yielding, pessimistic, abject, passive, forbearing, obedient; (adj, v) subdued; (v) bowed down, content. ANTONYMS: (adj) resentful, optimistic, intolerant resistant: (adj) impervious, immune, tough, durable, defiant, rebellious, proof, hardy, sturdy, strong, insusceptible. ANTONYMS: (adj) permeable, fragile, agreeable, susceptible, acquiescent, weak, accepting resolutely: (adv) determinedly, decidedly, steadfastly, decisively, unfalteringly, boldly, steadily, stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly, unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv) irresolutely, indecisively, uncertainly, feebly, hesitantly, aimlessly resolve: (n, v) purpose; (v) determine, solve, decide, dissolve, decompose, settle; (n) determination, firmness, decision, resolution. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, irresoluteness, vacillation, cowardice, flexibility, indecisiveness, indifference; (v) aggravate, complicate, exacerbate, waver resolved: (adj, v) resolute, firm, certain; (adj) fixed, definite, set, decided, conclusive, intent, solved, positive. ANTONYMS: (adj) undecided, flexible, irresolute,

A Reflection unconfirmed, uncertain resounding: (adj) booming, ringing, reverberating, loud, rolling, vibrant, emphatic, resonating, reverberant; (v) resound; (adv) resoundingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified, marginal respectable: (adj) considerable, decorous, fair, estimable, decent, honorable, good, proper, creditable, passable, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, small, sordid, scruffy, inadequate, unrespectable, paltry, discourteous, inappropriate, sinful, unacceptable respectful: (adj) deferential, mannerly, dutiful, courteous, attentive, obedient, reverential, regardful, reverent, polite, humble. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheeky, impudent, insolent, rude, contemptuous, disobedient, scornful, nasty, sneering, irreverent, impolite respectfully: (adv) reverentially, reverently, politely, courteously, civilly, attentively, graciously, submissively, obsequiously, admiringly, regardfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently, contemptuously, disdainfully, rudely, insolently, audaciously, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently, disobediently, arrogantly respects: (adj) abord, welcome; (n) compliments, greeting, compliment, baisemains, devoir, duty resplendent: (adj, n) bright, lucid; (adj) radiant, luminous, illustrious, splendid, flamboyant, glorious, magnificent, gorgeous, effulgent. ANTONYM: (adj) dull responsive: (adj) amenable, receptive, susceptible, delicate, agreeable, impressionable, respondent, responsible, conscious, interested, perceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unresponsive, unconscious, insensitive, slow, reserved, clumsy rested: (adj) comfortable restful: (adj) quiet, peaceful, still, comfortable, placid, soft, tranquil, reposeful, relaxing, easy, peaceable. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncomfortable, unwelcoming, irritating, harsh, noisy, rushed, stimulating restfulness: (n) tranquility, rest, softness, comfort, ease, inactiveness, inactivity, inertia, lightness, mellowness, quietness. ANTONYM: (n) harshness

resting: (adj) idle, quiescent, inactive, dormant, quiet, sleeping, reclining, obligatory, unemployed, asleep; (n) repose restless: (adj) fidgety, uneasy, impatient, restive, agitated, fretful, turbulent, feverish; (adj, n) nervous, apprehensive; (adj, v) unquiet. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, peaceful, lethargic, unbroken, still, contented restlessly: (adv) fidgetily, apprehensively, agitatedly, fretfully, unquietly, sleeplessly, nervously, restively, edgily, anxiously, disturbedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) peacefully, unconcernedly restored: (adj) new, healthy, comfortable, convalescent restrain: (adj, v) confine; (v) control, rein, hold, curb, bind, contain, prevent, limit, repress; (n, v) check. ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, promote, unleash, impel, release, intensify, increase, free, extend, express, support resume: (v) restart, regain, summarize, continue, revert, adopt, recapitulate; (n, v) outline; (n) digest, synopsis, summary. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, suspend, die, discontinue, expand retain: (v) keep, reserve, preserve, have, maintain, continue, hold, employ, engage, hire, own. ANTONYMS: (v) expel, dismiss, release, relinquish, fire, destroy, lack retained: (adj) maintained, reserved, durable, haunting, lasting, not shed, permanent, persistent, relentless, repaired, aeonian retire: (v) resign, retreat, withdraw, leave, abdicate, ebb, depart, turn in, fall back, hit the hay, go to bed. ANTONYMS: (v) remain, enter retired: (adj) obscure, secluded, sequestered, solitary, emeritus, secret, lonely, withdrawn, superannuated, close; (adj, v) covert retrace: (v) recollect, recall, trace, etymologize, recognize, construct, call up, bethink oneself, speculate; (n, v) reconsider; (n) flyback retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart; (n) refuge, departure, asylum, den, lair, retirement; (n, v) resort, return. ANTONYMS: (n) raid, development, extension, arrival, company; (v) progress, remain retrospection: (n) memory, reminiscence, remembering, revision, looking back, recurrence

Kate Chopin revealing: (adj) telling, telltale, significant, powerfully persuasive; (n) discovery, exposure, revelation, ratting, uncovering, reveal, apocalypse. ANTONYMS: (adj) confusing, secretive, concealing; (n) concealment revelation: (n) discovery, exposure, display, revealing, manifestation, betrayal, apocalypse, expose, inspiration, publication; (v) reveal. ANTONYM: (n) concealment reveling: (n) revelry, revels, revel, comessation, festivity, gaiety, noisy festivity, triumph; (adj) carousing, bacchanalian, bacchant revengeful: (adj) vengeful, vindictive, punitive, unforgiving, vindicative, resentful, despiteful, spiteful, implacable, rancorous, vengeable. ANTONYM: (adj) charitable reverie: (n) dream, fantasy, air castle, brown study, revery, trance, abstraction, castle in Spain, castle in the air; (adj) preoccupation, distraction. ANTONYM: (n) reality revived: (adj) fresh, refreshed, animated, revitalized, alive, invigorated, new reviving: (adj) bracing, restorative, renewing, refreshing, revival, brisk, enlivening, recuperative, reanimating, promoting recuperation, giving life. ANTONYM: (adj) soothing revolt: (n, v) mutiny, rebellion, insurrection; (v) sicken, nauseate, rebel, repel, repulse, offend; (adj, v) shock; (n) uprising. ANTONYMS: (n) attraction; (v) please, delight revolving: (adj) turning, rotating, vertiginous, rotary, gyratory, wheeling, rotative, rotatory, rotational; (n) revolution; (v) revolve rewarding: (adj) worthwhile, gratifying, pleasing, beneficial, fulfilling, successful, productive, remunerative, gainful, advantageous, fruitful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrewarding, unprofitable, disappointing, fruitless, frustrating, unhelpful rhapsodic: (adj) rapturous, rhapsodical, confused, enraptured, enthusiastic, bombastic, joyous, jubilant, rapt, deeply moved, captive rhine: (n) Joseph Banks Rhine, Rhein rhythm: (n) cadence, pulse, beat, cycle, tempo, rhyme, musical rhythm, calendar method, calendar method of birth control, metre; (adj, n) meter

ribbon: (n) band, riband, tape, strip, shred, decoration, medal, ribband, thread, fascia, belt ribbons: (n) cavesson, hackamore, jaquima, lines, streamer, streamers, ticker tape, paper chain, decoration, decorations, bunting richness: (adj, n) opulence, abundance, affluence, riches; (n) fruitfulness, profusion, fecundity, fullness, luxury, exuberance, cornucopia. ANTONYMS: (n) infertility, poverty, narrowness, shabbiness, weakness, bareness ridiculous: (adj) foolish, preposterous, funny, laughable, ludicrous, inane, nonsensical, comical, farcical, amusing, comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, inspiring, ordinary, sensitive, acceptable, generous, normal, possible, impressive, sane, worthwhile ridiculously: (adv) absurdly, preposterously, idiotically, silly, stupidly, farcically, nonsensically, laughably, comically, derisorily, foolishly. ANTONYMS: (adv) impressively, solemnly, sensitively, rationally riding: (n) ride, horseback riding, travel, hundred, tithing, soke, travelling, manege, athletics; (v) horsemanship; (adj) awheel rifle: (v) plunder, pillage, despoil, loot, ransack, steal, foray, reave, take; (n) gun, firearm rightly: (adv) correctly, rightfully, properly, accurately, appropriately, exactly, fitly, straightly, fairly, really; (adv, v) adequately. ANTONYMS: (adv) wrongly, inappropriately, incorrectly, immorally, unjustly, partially, sinfully, unfairly, falsely rigid: (adj) inflexible, hard, fixed, stiff, strict, austere, firm, set, tense, tight, tough. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, soft, elastic, loose, nonrigid, limp, liberal, lenient, adaptable, irresolute, floppy ringing: (n) buzz, peal, resonance, ring, sound; (adj) reverberant, jingling, loud, resounding, tinkling, hollow rings: (n) ornaments, necklaces, jewels, costume jewelry, charms, bracelets ripe: (adj) adult, ready, advanced, prepared, good, grown, perfect, matured, finished, consummate; (adj, v) mellow. ANTONYMS: (adj) green, unripe, immature, dry,

325 poisonous, young, unsuitable, sweet ripple: (v) bubble, murmur, gurgle, billow, surge, burble, cockle; (n, v) wave, swell, riffle, purl risen: (v) uprise riveted: (adj) immovable, immobile, irremovable, rooted, wrapped up, intent; (v) wrapped in, engrossed in, rapt, absorbed, transfixed. ANTONYM: (adj) detached roadside: (n) verge, shoulder, border, edge, margin roar: (n, v) bellow, cry, shout, howl, bark, clatter, holler; (adj, n, v) thunder; (v) bawl; (adj, v) bluster; (adj, n) peal. ANTONYMS: (v) cry, week roaring: (n) bellowing, roar, bellow, thunder; (adj) booming, prosperous, thriving, flourishing, deafening, noisy, boisterous roast: (v) burn, grill, bake, joke, heat, quiz, fry, cook, scorch; (n, v) ridicule; (n) joint. ANTONYMS: (v) cool, praise robbed: (adj) plundered, rubato, fleeced, borrowed, bereft robes: (n) garb, fine clothes, costume, best clothes robust: (adj, n) hardy, firm, hard; (adj) strong, athletic, vigorous, powerful, muscular, brawny, lusty, mighty. ANTONYMS: (adj) slight, fragile, frail, delicate, flimsy, feeble, fickle rockaway: (n) hackery, jigger, Brett, Dearborn, rig, ricksha, kittereen, jinrikisha, hack, dump cart rocker: (n) rocking chair, cradle, teenager, stripling, support, shoofly, chair, musician, platform rocker, player, adolescent rolled: (adj) rolling, furled, involute, scroll, coiled, resonant, trilled, reverberative, reverberating, resounding, spiral rolling: (n) peal, curling, wheeling, rolling movement, finish rolling, pealing, crimping; (adj) resounding, rolled, tumbling, resonating romance: (n) love affair, fiction, story, figment, intrigue, affair, tale, vagary; (v) flirt, court, exaggerate rope: (n, v) lasso, leash, tie, tape; (n) lariat, noose, hawser, line, string, cord, thread ropes: (n) weight, pressure, leverage, form, authority, dealings, control, influence rounded: (adj) round, curved, circular, orbicular, full, globular, rotund, spherical, blunt, fat, obtuse.

326 ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, sharp, bony, concave, angular, thin rounds: (n) patrol, beat, route, patient rounds rubbed: (adj) polished, refined, terse, attrite, marked, accomplished, fretten rubber: (n) overshoe, galosh, prophylactic, gum elastic, caoutchouc, eraser, condom, latex, ebonite, golosh; (v) rubberize rubbing: (n) friction, abrasion, grinding, detrition, rub, grip, resistance, chafe, sweat, travail, massage. ANTONYM: (n) smoothness ruddy: (adj) cherry, rubicund, rosy, flushed, florid, sanguine, reddish, glowing, blooming, crimson; (adj, adv) blushing rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent, coarse, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt, discourteous, impolite, brutal, crude, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, refined, courteous, chivalrous, civil, proper, decent, exact, clean, gentle, inoffensive rudeness: (n) disrespect, audacity, insolence, impudence, discourtesy, incivility, effrontery, bad manners, impoliteness, impropriety, primitiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) civility, refinement, propriety, courteousness, courtesy, decency, respect, diplomacy, praise, thoughtfulness, gentleness ruffle: (n, v) crinkle, ruff, crumple, wrinkle, fold; (v) agitate, discompose, fret; (adj, n) perturbation; (n) flounce, frill. ANTONYMS: (v) smooth, calm rugged: (adj, n) rough, jagged, ragged; (adj) difficult, rocky, tough, broken, robust, hilly, strong, craggy. ANTONYMS: (adj) delicate, easy, smooth, flimsy, fragile, soft, weak, feeble ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj, n) downfall; (v) break, consume, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom, ravage, destruction, damage. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance, save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect; (n) making, success, triumph, rise, preservation ruined: (adj, v) lost; (adj) dilapidated, desolate, broke, broken, bankrupt, finished, devastated, desolated, insolvent, spoiled. ANTONYMS: (adj) solvent, pure, rich, whole ruins: (n) debris, wreck, remains, remainder, carcass, wreckage, relics,

A Reflection rubbish, shell, remnants, hulk rush: (n, v) charge, flood, dash, flow, gush, race, run, speed, attack; (adj, n, v) burst; (n) onrush. ANTONYMS: (v) delay, dawdle, linger, wander, amble, hesitate, crawl, trickle; (n) shortage, slowness, unimportance rusty: (adj) ancient, out of practice, intractable, old, corroded, deaf to reason, exceptious, cantankerous; (v) moldy, raw, mildewed ruthless: (adj) merciless, inhuman, remorseless, heartless, cruel, ferocious, unsparing, relentless, inexorable, harsh, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, charitable, gentle, compassionate, principled, unmotivated, tolerant saber: (n) cavalry sword, blade, sword, scimitar, falchion, dagger, cutlass, fencing sword; (v) cut, injure, stab sacrifice: (n, v) oblation, forfeit; (v) offer, immolate, offer up, give, give up, relinquish; (n) immolation, loss, forfeiture saddle: (v) charge, load, burden, encumber, adjure, bear down, blame; (n) pillion, seat, saddleback, bicycle seat. ANTONYM: (v) relieve sadly: (adv) pitifully, dolefully, unfortunately, mournfully, sorrowfully, woefully, dejectedly, pathetically, wretchedly, forlornly; (adj, adv) seriously. ANTONYMS: (adv) cheerfully, contentedly, gladly, joyfully, fortunately, luckily, enthusiastically safely: (adv) surely, safe, certainly, cautiously, soundly, strongly, sure, steadily, harmlessly, unharmedly, unhurtly. ANTONYMS: (adv) harmfully, hazardously, loosely sage: (adj) sagacious, discerning, intelligent, prudent, judicious, learned, profound, knowing; (adj, v) grave; (n) philosopher, scholar sail: (n, v) cruise, float, voyage, sheet; (v) navigate, run, glide, drift, cross, sweep, travel. ANTONYM: (v) struggle sailing: (adj) nautical, at sea; (adj, n) seafaring; (n) departure, glide, gliding, boating, cruise, soaring, going, leaving sailor: (n) seaman, seafarer, tar, bluejacket, gob, boatman, navigator, navy man, lascar, Panama, leghorn saliva: (n) drivel, spittle, spit, dribble, drool, sputum, secretion, slabber, mucus, slaver, slobber

sally: (n) foray, quip, sortie, crack, joke, wisecrack, coupe de main, attack, onset, jaunt, excursion salon: (n) parlour, living room, beauty parlour, saloon, hall, sitting room, beauty salon, lounge, drawing room, parlor, beauty shop salve: (n) ointment, balm, unguent, liniment, oil; (v) relieve, salvage, assuage, heal, soothe, appease sanctified: (adj) consecrated, sacred, blessed, holy, divine, justified, elected, adopted, unearthly, consecrate, dedicated. ANTONYM: (adj) secular sandals: (n) beach sandals, thongs sands: (n) littoral, litoral, beach, coast, quicksands, shore sandy: (adj) gritty, granular, sabulous, arenaceous, powdery, mealy, loose, farinaceous, dusty, sandy laverock, nimble. ANTONYM: (adj) argillaceous sang: (n) panax quinquefolius, sing, herb, herbaceous plant sardonically: (adv) satirically, cynically, bitingly, ironically, derisively, mockingly, mordantly, contemptuously, scathingly, scornfully, cuttingly satan: (n) Lucifer, devil, deuce, the Devil, Old Nick, Belial, fiend, Prince of Darkness, Dickens, archfiend, daemon satin: (adj) glossy, sleek, velvet, down, silky, silklike, silken, satiny, velure; (n) cloth, fabric satiny: (adj) glossy, satin, slick, sleek, silken, delicate, gossamery, fine, filmy, slippery, soft satisfactorily: (adv, v) well, fully, rightly; (adv) sufficiently, satisfyingly, fairly, amply, enough, gratifyingly, competently, pleasingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unsatisfactorily, inadequately, intolerably, badly, negatively satisfactory: (adj) adequate, competent, sufficient, good, acceptable, ample, fair, tolerable, decent, presentable, plenty. ANTONYMS: (adj) inadequate, unacceptable, poor, appalling, disagreeable, bad, intolerable satisfied: (adj) happy, content, full, pleased, confident, complacent, persuaded, fulfilled; (adj, v) certain, sure; (v) convinced. ANTONYMS: (adj) frustrated, anxious, disgruntled, hungry, insistent, pensive, unsure, dissatisfied, ashamed

Kate Chopin satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet, satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj, v) content, fill, suffice, do. ANTONYMS: (v) intensify, displease, disappoint, disgruntle, frustrate satisfying: (adj) satisfactory, pleasant, enjoyable, gratifying, pleasurable, welcome, good, comforting, hearty, delightful, satisfy. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrewarding, disappointing, trying, light, frustrating, unwelcome, unflattering, insufficient, disagreeable saucer: (n) plate, platter, discus, bowl, pan, dot, calabash, disk, dish antenna, point, porringer saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold, impudent, audacious, insolent, fresh, forward, impertinent, flippant, rude, brazen. ANTONYM: (adj) respectful savage: (adj, v) fierce, wild, furious; (adj) ferocious, brutal, cruel, bloodthirsty, rough, pitiless; (adj, n) brute; (n) vandal. ANTONYMS: (adj) civilized, gentle, nice saving: (adj, n) frugal, economical; (adj) thrifty, save; (n) economy, conservation, salvation, rescue, preservation, cut, retrenchment. ANTONYMS: (n) extravagance, expenditure; (adj) spendthrift saviour: (n) deliverer, rescuer, savior, redeemer, Christ, saver, liberator, recoverer, messianic, Jesus Christ, Jesus scalding: (adj) boiling, hot, torrid, burning, scorching, broiling, blistering, fiery, searing, baking, steaming. ANTONYM: (adj) cold scamp: (n) rascal, imp, miscreant, scalawag, rogue, monkey, villain, brat, scallywag, rapscallion; (v) skimp scandal: (n) disgrace, dishonor, gossip, outrage, discredit, rumor, infamy, disrepute, ignominy, detraction, shame scantling: (n) pattern, modicum, model, prototype, ideal, bit, whit, morsel, standard, mite; (adj) inch scar: (n, v) mark, blemish, seam, stain, brand; (n) cicatrix, cicatrice, defect, scratch, injury; (v) disfigure. ANTONYM: (v) enhance scarcely: (adv) narrowly, rarely, hardly, just, scarce, uncommonly, insufficiently, scantily, scantly, only just, seldom. ANTONYMS: (adv) easily, liberally scarf: (n) neckerchief, handkerchief,

stole, necktie, cravat, kerchief, mantilla, shawl, wrap, tie, stock scatter: (n, v) spread, spray; (v) disperse, dispel, disseminate, distribute, break up, dissipate, sprinkle, circulate, diffuse. ANTONYMS: (v) collect, reform, attract, concentrate scattered: (adj) dissipated, thin, disordered, disconnected, confused, sparse, sporadic, distributed, rare, diffuse; (v) disperse scent: (n, v) fragrance, smell, odor, essence, nose; (n) aroma, bouquet, redolence, odour; (adj, n) savor, flavor. ANTONYMS: (n) stench, stink scented: (adj) fragrant, perfumed, aromatic, balmy, sweet, redolent, odoriferous, spicy, savory, smelling, angelical. ANTONYMS: (adj) scentless, smelly scintillant: (v) bright, nitid, lustrous, beamy; (adj) sparkling, glinting, glistering, fulgid, glittering, aglitter, light scissors: (n) clipper, shears, pair of scissors, scissors hold, compound lever, edge tool, scissor grip, scissors grip; (adj, n) cutters scolding: (n) rebuke, lecture, castigation, admonition, reproof, objurgation, chiding, dressing, jobation, scold, rating. ANTONYMS: (n) compliment, approval scorched: (adj) baked, adust, burnt, dry, seared, burned, charred, torrid, dried out, destroyed, drier. ANTONYMS: (adj) wet, humid scoured: (adj) worn, windswept, wrinkled, weathered, tough, gnarled, battered, craggy scramble: (v) clamber, beat, strive; (n, v) climb, struggle, bustle, jumble, scrabble, rush; (adj, n) hurry; (n) haste. ANTONYMS: (v) descend; (n) descent scrap: (n, v) fight, brawl, clash, quarrel, junk; (adj, n) remnant, fragment; (n) end, remainder, bit, piece. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, restore, preserve, adopt, insert; (n) chunk, lot scraping: (n) scrape, scratching, scratch, rub, sizing, rament, incision, mark, prick; (v) rubbing; (adj) grating scraps: (n) garbage, odds and ends, scrap, bits, food waste, leftover, trash, waste, oddments, leftovers, residue scratch: (n, v) mark, graze, notch,

327 scrape, nick, scrabble, dent, scar; (v) rub, chafe, rake. ANTONYM: (v) soothe scratching: (n) scrape, scraping, abrasion, mark, scar, poor handwriting, incision, excoriation, chicken feed; (adj) hoarse, abrasive scrawl: (n, v) scrabble, doodle, scratch; (n) squiggle, cacography, scrape, scratching, mark, dent, chicken feed; (v) write scrawled: (adj) scribbled, hard to decipher, incomprehensible, written, unreadable, indecipherable, impossible to read scribbled: (adj) hard to decipher, illegible, indecipherable, impossible to read, unreadable, incomprehensible scrub: (adj, v) scour, mop; (v) scrape, clean, rub, polish, cleanse; (n) brush, bush, scouring; (n, v) wash. ANTONYMS: (v) restore, dirty, insert scrupulously: (adv) carefully, painstakingly, strictly, meticulously, religiously, thoroughly, nicely, exactly, fastidiously, particularly, accurately. ANTONYM: (adv) negligently searching: (adj) piercing, inquisitive, probing, acute, exhaustive, curious, inquiring, profound, exploratory; (adj, v) cutting; (v) excruciating searchingly: (adv) closely, piercingly, cuttingly, inquisitively, penetratingly, trenchantly, acutely, exhaustively, curiously, inquiringly, exploratorily seashore: (n) beach, coast, shore, seaboard, seacoast, coastline, shoreline, seaside, landfall, litoral; (adj) marine seated: (adj) sat, sedentary seating: (n) room, circle, parterre, parquet, orchestra, service, way, base, footing, housing, stand seaward: (adj) inshore, onshore, coastal; (adv) toward the sea. ANTONYM: (adj) offshore secours: (n) lift secrets: (n) secrecy secured: (adj) secure, protected, firm, locked, fast, bonded, bolted, barred, latched, securer, obtained securely: (adv) surely, safely, closely, solidly, steadily, assuredly, strongly, tightly, fixly, setly, stably. ANTONYM: (adv) insecurely securing: (adj) protective; (n) acquisition, attainment, capture, collection, deed, acceptance

328 securities: (n) lettre de creance, bond, funds, stocks, bonds, credit, marketable security, investment portfolio, means seductive: (adj) enticing, tempting, alluring, inviting, desirable, sexy, irresistible, persuasive, charming, fascinating; (adj, v) seducing. ANTONYM: (adj) repulsive seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial, illusory, outward, probable, deceptive, specious; (adj, n) appearance, semblance; (n) aspect, show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, deep, inner seemingly: (adv) evidently, ostensibly, clearly, outwardly, presumably, obviously, allegedly, plainly, manifestly, probably, on the face of it. ANTONYMS: (adv) underneath, truly seized: (adj) confiscate, appropriated, condemned, apprehended, grasped, taken, held, seised, detained, obtained, arraught seizing: (v) seize; (n) seizure, clutches, prehension, taking, apprehension, capture, infection; (adj) catching, galling, controlling seldom: (adj) scarce, rare, few, infrequent; (adv) occasionally, infrequently, uncommonly, hardly, scarcely, not often, once in a blue moon. ANTONYMS: (adv) often, seldom selecting: (n) picking, option; (v) choose; (adj) selective, electoral, elective, eclectic self-absorbed: (adj) egotistic, egocentric self-assertive: (adj) brash, opinionated, militant, gay, pushy, forward, overconfident, pugnacious, strong self-conscious: (adj) shy, abashed, bashful, sheepish, diffident, modest, conscious, self-consciously, inhibited, uncomfortable, mannered self-consciousness: (n) embarrassment, inhibition self-contained: (adj) reserved, closed, uncommunicative, reticent, taciturn, impassive selfish: (adj) mean, greedy, mercenary, egotistical, egotistic, egoistic, self-interested, stingy, egocentric, self-centered, covetous. ANTONYMS: (adj) selfless, altruistic, generous, altruism, considerate, philanthropic, thoughtful, constructive, concerned, abstemious, kind

A Reflection self-respect: (n) pride, self-esteem, dignity, face, honesty semblance: (adj, n) color; (n) resemblance, appearance, look, aspect, air, image, similarity, pretense, guise, pretext. ANTONYM: (n) difference sence: (n) purpose, import, aim, intent, object sending: (n) forwarding, dispatch, transmission, transmittal, send, despatch, mailing, transport, dispatching, dispatchment, conveyance sensation: (n, v) feeling, impression, sense; (v) affection; (n) emotion, feel, perception, wonder, sensibility, sensitivity, thrill. ANTONYMS: (n) deadness, flop, dud, calm, failure sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations, ambiance senseless: (adj) foolish, mindless, preposterous, pointless, irrational, absurd, stupid, insensible, idiotic, fatuous, purposeless. ANTONYMS: (adj) meaningful, wise, conscious, provoked, prudent, useful, worthwhile senses: (adj) sober senses, sound mind; (n) reason, mind, conception, consciousness, judgment, faculties, mother wit, right mind, sanity sensitively: (adv) delicately, responsively, perceptively, touchily, sorely, emotionally, tactfully, thoughtfully, diplomatically, sympathetically, sentiently. ANTONYMS: (adv) insensitively, heartlessly, unkindly, blandly, unsympathetically, severely, roughly sensuality: (n) sensualism, animalism, sensualness, lust, carnality, concupiscence, animal gratification, bodily enjoyment, hedonism, sensationalism, debauchery sensuous: (adj) sensitive, sensual, lush, luxurious, voluptuous, epicurean, carnal, sensational, sexy, esthetic, esthetical sensuousness: (n) sensibility sentiment: (n) emotion, mind, notion, feeling, persuasion, opinion, judgment, sense, judgement, attitude, impression sentimental: (adj) maudlin, mushy, romantic, tender, soft, mawkish, schmaltzy, sappy, schmalzy, bathetic, slushy. ANTONYMS: (adj) hardhearted, cool sentimentally: (adv) romanticly,

romantically, gushingly, mushily, slushily, effusively, softly, maudlinly, silly, tenderly, mawkishly seriocomic: (adj) tragicomic, humorous serpent: (n) snake, ophidian, viper, snake in the grass, reptile, rattlesnake, colubrid, contrafagotto, cor anglais, hautboy; (v) goose servant: (n) manservant, domestic, lackey, maid, employee, flunkey, retainer, boy, footman, flunky, menial. ANTONYMS: (n) master, mistress serving: (n) helping, share, service, piece, attendance, help, serve, drumstick, plate, libation, service of process settling: (n) settlement, subsidence, defecation, dregs, clearing, sinking, dreg, remission, cave in; (adj) determining, definitive severity: (n) rigor, austerity, harshness, roughness, intensity, inclemency, asperity, gravity, hardness, tyranny, violence. ANTONYMS: (n) leniency, pleasantness, flexibility, clemency, softness, insignificance, warmth, lenience, brightness sewed: (adj) stitched, sewn, sew, sewen, seamed sewing: (n) embroidery, sew, needlecraft, stitch, stitching, fancywork, mend, gather, patch, gathering, binding shabbiness: (n) seediness, raggedness, decrepitude, fragility, weakness, inelegance, ruin, decay, collapse, disrepair. ANTONYMS: (n) opulence, strength, decency, elegance shabby: (adj) poor, abject, mean, mangy, low, sorry, decrepit, worn, sordid, ragged; (adj, v) frayed. ANTONYMS: (adj) pristine, elegant, opulent, honorable, decent, new, neat, comfortable, tasteful, strong, respectful shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow, tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue, blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten, clarify, expose shades: (n) shade, sunglasses, dark glasses, shadow, glasses, blind, awning, roller blind, eyeglasses shadowed: (adj) shady, shaded, shadowy, queer, dim, louche, funny, incensed, indignant, faint, fishy shadows: (n) dark, darkness, night,

Kate Chopin dimness, dusk, fogginess, mistiness, gloom, cloudiness. ANTONYM: (n) brightness shadowy: (adj) indistinct, misty, dark, faint, obscure, hazy, gloomy, vague, shady, insubstantial, dusky. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, palpable, light, distinct, open shaggy: (adj) bushy, hirsute, hairy, bearded, shagged, pilous, brushy, unkempt, hispid; (adj, n) ragged; (n) rugged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sleek, tidy shake: (n, v) jolt, beat, jar, quiver, wave; (v) agitate, excite, disturb; (adv, v) brandish; (adj, v) quake, totter. ANTONYMS: (v) soothe, steady shaken: (adj) jolted, agitated, dilapidated, frayed; (v) passe, lame, broken, threadbare, wilted, shaky, vibrate shakes: (n) hangover, jitters, nervousness, tension, anxiety shaking: (adj, n) quivering, tremor, jarring; (n) quiver, palpitation, quake; (adj) quaking, shaky, flutter, unsteady, shivering shallow: (adj) superficial, low, cursory, petty, little, sketchy, flimsy, frivolous, simple, surface, perfunctory. ANTONYMS: (adj) bottomless, profound, intense, pensive, serious, inner, weighty shame: (n, v) disgrace, dishonor, discredit, humiliate, degrade, chagrin; (n) humiliation, modesty, scandal, insult; (v) abash. ANTONYMS: (n) pride, glorification, making, worthiness; (v) acknowledge, glorify, respect, dignify shaped: (adj) formed, fashioned, shapen, made, created, beaten, educated, featured, having features, built, constructed shapely: (adj) symmetrical, comely, graceful, neat, fit, curvaceous, slim, pleasing, busty, seemly, beautiful. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, misshapen, unshapely sharing: (n) communion, dispensation, allotment, generosity, apportionment, pooling, allocation, division, show and tell, sharing out; (adj) sexual sharply: (adj, adv) piercingly, harshly, penetratingly; (adv) keenly, severely, abruptly, trenchantly, shrewdly, bitingly, cuttingly, bitterly. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently, kindly, sweetly, politely, gradually,

pleasantly shatter: (v) fragment, ruin, smash, destroy, burst, dash, rupture, crash, crumble, crack, demolish shattering: (n) smashing, breakage; (adj) piercing, loud, ruinous, severe, grueling, earsplitting, dreadful, disastrous; (v) shatter. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, fortunate shawl: (n) wrap, mantle, cape, muffler, scarf, pall, mantlet Mantua, wrapper, kerchief, headscarf, stole shed: (v) discard, drop, moult, scatter, exuviate, molt, cast off, dismiss; (n) shack, hut, cabin. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, cover; (adj) persistent sheen: (n, v) shine, gleam; (n) polish, gloss, light, glow, lustre, glitter, brightness, brilliance; (v) burnish. ANTONYM: (n) dullness sheeny: (adj) glossy, lustrous, shiny, shining, glistening, glazed, calendered; (adj, v) bright; (v) radiant, glittering, fair sheets: (n) rain, bed linen shell: (n) rind, sheath, case, casing, bullet, bark, shot, crust; (n, v) bomb, pod; (v) bombard. ANTONYM: (n) middle shelter: (n, v) guard, refuge, harbor, protect, shield; (adj, n, v) screen; (n) protection, asylum, sanctuary, security, hut. ANTONYMS: (n) danger, exposure; (v) endanger shielded: (adj) secure, safeguarded, sheltered, defended, screened, watched over, enshield, enshielded, sacred, safe, secured shifted: (adj) disordered, gone shimmer: (n, v) shine, flash, gleam, sparkle, glitter, glimmer, beam, luster, sheen; (v) flicker, twinkle shingle: (n) pebble, beach, shake, rubble, signboard, milk shake, Shindle, shore; (adj) powder, dust, sand shining: (adj, v) brilliant; (adj) lustrous, radiant, glossy, luminous, glorious, glowing; (adj, n) lucid, resplendent, clear; (v) shine. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, pale, blemished shirting: (n) shirt cloth, fabric, material, cloth shivering: (adj) quivering, shaking, trembling, shaky, quaking, tremulous, shuddering, chilled; (n) chill, cold, shiver. ANTONYM: (adj) composed shocked: (adj) dismayed, aghast, amazed, surprised, stunned,

329 distressed, afraid, speechless, appalled, bewildered, dumbfounded. ANTONYMS: (adj) delighted, indifferent, unaffected shod: (adj) shoed, calced, booted; (v) clad, costume. ANTONYM: (adj) discalced shoe: (n) horseshoe, sandal, shoes, moccasin, footgear, footwear, skid, flippers, anklet, flipper, track shoe shore: (n) coast, edge, beach, seashore, stay, seaside, brace, margin; (n, v) prop, land, buttress. ANTONYM: (n) sea shores: (n) coast, seaboard, seashore, shoreline. ANTONYM: (n) interior shout: (n, v) cry, clamor, scream, yell, roar, call, bellow, screech; (v) bawl, hollo; (n) cheer shouting: (adj, n) yelling; (adj) crying, howling, vociferous; (n) clamor, calling, noise, cheering, vociferation, tumult; (v) bawl shoving: (n) thrusting shrill: (adj) piercing, penetrating, strident, keen, shrewd; (v) shriek, screech, scream, yell; (adj, v) high, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) low, quiet, resonant shrimps: (n) subclass Malacostraca, prawns, beach flies, order Decapoda, class Crustacea, lobsters, decapods, crabs, Malacostraca, Crustacea, barnacles shrug: (n) motion, nod, leer, nudge, glance, gesture, gesticulation, tip the wink; (v) gesticulate, to shrug one's shoulders; (n, v) signal shuffling: (n) shuffle, evasion, shambling, make, shamble; (adj) evasive, moral turpitude, milling, laxity, abjection; (n, v) prevarication shuts: (adj) closed shutting: (n) closing, conclusion, end, closure, ending, finish, mop up, culmination, closedown; (adj) confining, claudent. ANTONYM: (n) opening sidewise: (adv) sideway, laterally, obliquely, sidelong, athwart, aside, perversely; (adj) lateral, side sigh: (n, v) groan, suspire, murmur; (v) breathe, languish, pine; (n) breath, wail, whimper, whine, suspiration silently: (adv) mutely, stilly, quietly, noiselessly, soundlessly, taciturnly, wordlessly, secretly, speechlessly, placidly, tacitly. ANTONYMS: (adv) loudly, audibly, openly, brazenly silk: (adj) silky, down, silken, velure, velvet; (n) silks, satin, cloth, animal

330 fiber, fabric, dental floss silken: (adj) glossy, silk, sleek, soft, satiny, satin, shiny, smooth, slick, downy, mild. ANTONYMS: (adj) coarse, dull, rough silky: (adj, v) silken; (adj) glossy, soft, smooth, satiny, delicate, fine, fluffy, sericeous, slick, downy. ANTONYMS: (adj) rough, harsh, coarse, dull sill: (n) ledge, threshold, doorstep, rung, step, round, stone, cornerstone, sole, window sill, windowsill simplicity: (n) plainness, simpleness, easiness, ease, clarity, austerity, gullibility, severity, artlessness, ignorance; (adj, n) inexperience. ANTONYMS: (n) difficulty, complexity, ambiguity, magnificence, sophistication, dishonesty, clutter, warmth simultaneously: (adv) at the same time, contemporaneously, synchronously, all at once, directly, meanwhile, meantime, together, coincidently, coincidentally, headlong sincerity: (adj, n) candor, honesty, integrity, probity, faithfulness; (n) earnestness, heartiness, genuineness, candour, frankness, cordiality. ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty, hypocrisy, flippancy, frivolity, affectedness, caution, reticence, deceit, doubt sing: (v) hymn, hum, chirp, drone, intone, vocalize, pipe, carol, snitch; (n, v) twitter, squeak singing: (v) sing; (n) chanting, caroling, crooning, hymnody, humming, intonation, scat, psalmody, harmonization; (adj) cantabile. ANTONYM: (adj) silent singly: (adv) one by one, separately, independently, severally, solely, respectively; (adj, adv) alone, only, merely; (adj) single, particularly. ANTONYM: (adv) multiply sinister: (adj) dark, forbidding, black, menacing, wicked, baleful, threatening, malevolent, malign, inauspicious, vicious. ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, hospitable, good, normal, favorable sink: (n, v) sag, dip; (v) decline, fall, set, descend, drop, fell, subside, settle; (adj, n, v) droop. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, float, improve, increase, recover, drift, ascend, raise sinking: (n) sinkage, settling, fall,

A Reflection descent, foundering, depression, immersion, submersion, submergence; (v) decrease, decline. ANTONYM: (adj) rising sipping: (n) imbibing, imbibition; (adj) libant sisterly: (adj) sororal, fatherly, motherly, sisterlike. ANTONYM: (adj) brotherly sisters: (n) sistren sits: (n) sat situated: (adj) set, situate, placed, sited, fixed, laid, contextualized, hardened, dictated; (v) locate; (prep) circumstanced sizzle: (v) fry, fizz, fizzle, sear, sizzling, swish, crackle, sputter, libel, cook, make noise sketch: (n, v) plan, outline, draft, scheme, picture, project; (n) drawing, cartoon, plot; (v) paint, draw sketching: (n) art, cartographic sketching skilful: (adj) adroit, practised, experienced, cunning, expert, dextrous, clever, adept, proficient, practiced, good skirmishing: (n) altercation, bickering, hostility, warfare, combating skirt: (n, v) border, edge, fringe, hem, flap, verge; (n) brim, kilt, apron; (v) evade, circumvent skirting: (n) skirt, edging, fringe, list, frill, frame, flounce; (adj) border, flanking, parietal, marginal slackened: (adj) leisurely slanting: (adj) oblique, sloping, diagonal, askew, slanted, aslant, aslope, awry, leaning, sloped; (adj, adv) sideways. ANTONYMS: (adj) upright, direct slashing: (adj) severe, vehement, violent, superb, tremendous, racy, spirited, stunning, bold, lively; (n) ground clearance slavery: (adj, n) bondage, involuntary servitude; (n) servitude, drudgery, thraldom, thrall, yoke, travail, vassalage, thralldom, toil. ANTONYMS: (n) liberty, freedom slaves: (n) helotry, bondsmen sleek: (adj) glossy, silky, shiny, slippery, silken, satiny, satin, even; (adj, v) slick, smooth; (v) polish. ANTONYMS: (adj) rough, shaggy, coarse sleeping: (adj) asleep, inactive, latent, sleepy, vegetive, vegetative; (n) dormancy, noctambulism, quiescence, quiescency, short sleep.

ANTONYMS: (adj) active; (n) waking sleepless: (adj) insomniac, lidless, vigilant, wakeful, awake, watchful, disturbed, alert, unquiet, uneasy, restive sleepy: (adj) drowsy, dozy, slow, lazy, hypnotic, inactive, comatose, dull, heavy, dreamy; (adv) asleep. ANTONYMS: (adj) awake, energetic, vigorous, clear, lively, refreshed sleeve: (n) arm, liner, cover, cuff, wristband, collar, socket, skin, sheath; (v) plexus, skein slender: (adj, v) lean, meager; (adj) little, thin, fine, lithe, slight, delicate, lissom, flimsy, faint. ANTONYMS: (adj) stocky, fat, wide, considerable, short, substantial, good, adequate, stout, thick slice: (n, v) share, part, slash, gash, chip; (n) section, piece, bit, morsel, slab; (v) carve slightest: (adj) minimal, first, smallest amount slim: (adj, v) thin; (adj) slight, narrow, lean, remote, fine, skinny, tiny, meager; (v) reduce, lose weight. ANTONYMS: (adj) heavy, hefty, plump, stocky, wide, considerable, substantial, strong, stout; (v) gain slime: (adj) mud, silt; (n) mucus, ooze, phlegm, gook, muck, gunk, goo, filth; (adj, n) sludge slimy: (adj) greasy, slippery, muddy, sludgy, squalid, oily, oozy, ropy, viscous, slimed, sordid. ANTONYM: (adj) reputable slip: (adj, n, v) lapse, miss; (adj, n) fault, blunder; (n, v) slide, drop, mistake, escape, skid, trip; (n) cutting. ANTONYM: (n) invoice slippered: (adj) shod slope: (n, v) pitch, slant, dip, tilt; (v) cant, lean; (n) declivity, acclivity, hill, gradient; (adj, n) inclination. ANTONYMS: (v) level; (n) descent, hollow, ascent sloping: (adj, v) oblique, slope; (adj) slanting, inclined, slanted, diagonal, leaning, sloped; (adj, adv) aslope, aslant; (v) slant. ANTONYMS: (adj) horizontal, upright sluggish: (adj) inert, indolent, inactive, idle, slow, torpid, slack, languid; (adj, n) lazy, drowsy, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fast, brisk, lively, alert, speedy, industrious slumbering: (adj) dormant, asleep,

Kate Chopin latent. ANTONYM: (adj) awake smallest: (adj) least, minimal, littlest, lowest, last, first, negligible, smallest number of, bottom, littler. ANTONYM: (adj) maximum smashed: (adj) drunk, inebriated, intoxicated, broken, sloshed, plastered, crushed, tipsy, blotto, besotted, tight smelling: (n) smell, flavor, scent, olfactory modality, sensing, sense of smell; (adj) redolent, scented, odorous, stinking, rotten smiling: (adv) smilingly; (adj) bright, cheerful, jolly, joyful, of good cheer, twinkly, fair, sunny; (n) grinning, grin. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, gloomy smoking: (n) fume, marijuana, respiration, roll of tobacco, sens; (v) candent, ebullient, glowing; (adj) smoky, rabid; (adv) on a roll smoldering: (adj) latent, unexerted, smouldering, on fire, ablaze, aflame, angry, blazing, burning, flaming; (v) smolder smoothed: (adj) round, smoothened, curved. ANTONYM: (adj) sharp smoothing: (n) fine cutting, smoothness, sleeking; (adj) sleek, even, not harsh, smooth porcelain, bland, not rough, moving equably, mild smoothly: (adv) easily, evenly, calmly, swimmingly, sleekly, fluently, flatly, softly, quietly, oily; (adj, adv) readily. ANTONYMS: (adv) unevenly, harshly, abrasively, awkwardly, huskily, hesitantly smote: (v) smite smouldering: (adj) live, angry smudge: (adj, n, v) blot, daub; (n, v) smear, stain, blemish, slur, smirch; (adj, v) blur; (n) spot, blotch; (v) foul snack: (n, v) nosh, nibble; (n) refreshment, morsel, collation, meal, share, allotment; (v) eat, bever, dejeuner snakes: (n) Ophidia, suborder Serpentes, subclass Lepidosauria, suborder Ophidia, Lepidosauria snapped: (adj) torn snappy: (adj) racy, sprightly, quick, smart, brisk, crisp, live, lively, animated, energetic, vigorous. ANTONYM: (adj) slovenly snatched: (adj) hasty, speedy, brief, hurried, quick, rapid, short, sudden, swift. ANTONYM: (adj) slow snub: (n, v) repulse, insult, cut, slight, put down; (v) disregard, offend, ignore, check, humiliate; (n) rebuke.

ANTONYMS: (v) accept, acknowledge, notice, boost, include; (n) acceptance snuggery: (n) nest, nidus, cubbyhole, snug, den, room, pigeonhole snuggled: (n) contraband goods soar: (v) climb, hover, fly, mount, glide, leap, jump, lift, billow; (n, v) rise, increase. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, drop, descend, collapse, sink sobbing: (adj) crying, weeping, weepy, tearful; (n) lamentation, shortness of breath, shit, prick, motherfucker, tear, lament sociably: (adv) socially, pleasantly, warmly, kindly, entertainingly, enjoyably, cordially, companionably, convivially. ANTONYMS: (adv) shyly, unsociably, inhospitably sofa: (n) couch, lounge, divan, bench, davenport, seat, squab, chair, form, convertible, daybed softened: (adj) diffused, muffled, muted, quiet, slow, touched, sluggish, soften, pultaceous, subdued, low-key softening: (adj) emollient, salving, relaxing; (v) soften; (adj, n) soothing; (n) maceration, mitigation, easement, mollification, inteneration, encouragement softly: (adv) quietly, mildly, lightly, tenderly, delicately, gently, soft, quiet, silently, kindly, slowly. ANTONYMS: (adv) hoarsely, roughly, loudly, clearly, harshly, forte, severely, strongly, heavily, convincingly, brightly softness: (n) mildness, kindness, flabbiness, flaccidity, suavity, downiness, gentleness, tenderness, faintness; (adj, n) delicacy; (adj) smoothness. ANTONYMS: (n) rigidity, hoarseness, brightness, hardness, volume, harshness, tone, noise, heaviness, firmness, loudness soiled: (adj) grubby, dirty, nasty, grimy, unclean, filthy, muddy, black, mucky, polluted, foul. ANTONYMS: (adj) pure, immaculate soiree: (adj, n) party, reception; (n) evening, affair, musical soiree; (adj) home, levee, entertainment, conversazione, at sojourn: (adj, v) reside, inhabit; (n) residence, abode; (adj, n, v) stay; (v) remain, lodge, abide, live; (n, v) delay, domicile soldier: (n) warrior, fighter,

331 serviceman, champion, ranker, military personnel, swordsman, trooper, cavalryman, guardsman, janissary sole: (n) bottom, flounder, base; (adj) single, singular, one, exclusive, individual, only, alone, solitary. ANTONYM: (adj) common solely: (adj, adv) exclusively, merely, only, alone, barely; (adv) just, but, entirely, wholly, purely, completely solemn: (adj, n, v) serious; (adj, v) sober, important, sedate, devout, formal, demure; (adj) heavy, dignified, sacred; (adj, n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, cheerful, unceremonious, funny, playful, flippant, relaxed solicitation: (n) petition, appeal, importunity, invitation, entreaty, allurement, request, prayer, instance, demand; (n, v) postulation solicitous: (adj) eager, attentive, apprehensive, careful, anxious, jealous, considerate, avid, thoughtful, fervent; (n) desirous. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncaring, serene, thoughtless solicitously: (adv) considerately, concernedly, carefully, uneasily, kindly, apprehensively, attentively, caringly, politely, jealously, earnestly solicitude: (n) care, consideration, anxiety, thought, apprehension, regard, attention, fear, disquietude, heed, fret. ANTONYMS: (n) negligence, serenity, thoughtlessness solitary: (adj) forlorn, only, alone, single, lonely, lone, sole, unaccompanied, isolated; (adj, n) recluse; (n) hermit. ANTONYMS: (adj) sociable, combined, common, outgoing solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness, seclusion, privacy, aloneness, isolation, retirement, lonesomeness, retreat, desert, solitariness. ANTONYMS: (n) companionship, closeness somber: (adj) gloomy, melancholy, solemn, dull, grave, drab, sober, dark, sullen, dim, dismal. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, funny, cheery, frivolous, fussy sombre: (adj) dismal, dreary, dark, shadowy, mournful, morose, murky, gloomy, sober, dull, glum someway: (adv) someways, in some manner, in some way, one way or another, for some reason

332 sonorous: (adj) rotund, resonant, clear, rich, resounding, harmonious, round, full, ringing, vibrant, sonant. ANTONYMS: (adj) shrill, thin sooner: (adj, adv) rather, earlier, before, preferably, instead; (adv) first, before now, faster, previously, beforehand; (adj) prior soot: (n) smut, lampblack, carbon black, grime, carbon, crock, dirt; (adj) ink, ebony, coal pitch, jet soothed: (adj) composed soothing: (adj) calming, soft, smooth, pacifying, quiet, restful, bland, calm, assuasive; (adj, n) softening; (n) alleviation. ANTONYMS: (adj) upsetting, disturbing, hostile, scary, worrying, stimulating, exasperating, annoying, invigorating, painful, intimidating soothingly: (adv) softly, quietly, calmingly, lullingly, lightly, tenderly, kindly, blandly, calmly, comfortingly, sedatively soundly: (adv) sound, fully, solidly, thoroughly, deeply, substantially, validly, strongly, stably, fastly, safely. ANTONYMS: (adv) harmfully, halfheartedly, fitfully, unconvincingly soup: (v) pottage, potage, drink, liquor; (n) juice, gumbo, mulligatawny, borscht, bortsch, borsht; (adj) emulsion span: (n) length, distance, couple, range, period, extent, pair; (n, v) bridge, reach, stretch; (v) cross sparing: (adj, n) economical, saving; (adj, v) scanty, poor, chary, meager, parsimonious, spare, moderate; (adj) thrifty, careful. ANTONYMS: (adj) spendthrift, generous, wasteful, extravagant spark: (n, v) flicker, flash, gleam, glint, glitter; (n) light, glimmer, arc, flame, fire; (v) activate sparkle: (n, v) flicker, flash, shimmer, spark, shine, blaze, fizz, gleam, glitter; (v) blink, glare. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, dullness, lifelessness sparkling: (adj, v) effervescent; (adj) bright, brilliant, radiant, glittery, bubbly, glittering, scintillating, shining, scintillant; (n) sparkle. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, lifeless, lethargic spasm: (n) fit, outburst, cramp, attack, twitch, paroxysm, convulsion, pain, pang, start, tic spasmodic: (adj) spastic, convulsive, intermittent, erratic, broken,

A Reflection irregular, sporadic, desultory, sudden, discontinuous; (v) inconsonant. ANTONYM: (adj) continuous speaks: (n) talks specimen: (n) exemplar, instance, example, copy, pattern, person, representative, individual, model, illustration, type spectacle: (n) scene, pageant, display, exhibition, phenomenon, appearance, spectacles, view, wonder; (n, v) sight, parade. ANTONYM: (n) understatement spectacles: (n) glasses, specs, spectacle, eyeglass, goggles, lorgnette, monocle, bifocals, dark glasses, optical instrument, shades speculating: (n) conception speculation: (n) guess, venture, reflection, meditation, guesswork, gamble, supposition, theory, surmise, adventure, conjecture. ANTONYM: (n) fact speechless: (adj) silent, mute, dumb, dumbfounded, voiceless, quiet, tongueless, tacit, noiseless, mum, wordless. ANTONYMS: (adj) loquacious, eloquent, talkative speeding: (n) acceleration, quickening, hurrying, fastness, f number, scudding, focal ratio, amphetamine; (adj) active, hastening; (adv) faster spell: (n) magic, fascination, bout, conjuration, period, incantation, sorcery, enchantment, turn, span, bewitchment. ANTONYM: (n) alertness sphere: (n) region, range, province, domain, realm, area, department, round, ball, circle, globe spiced: (adj) hot, spicy, flavorful, flavourful, peppery, flavored spinal: (adj) vertebral, rachidian; (n) spinal anaesthesia, anesthetic, regional anaesthesia, regional anesthesia, saddle block anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, saddle block anaesthesia spirits: (n) alcohol, booze, humor, frame of mind, liqueur, strong drink, hard drink; (adj) cheer, geniality, good humor; (v) wine spiritual: (adj) religious, holy, immaterial, incorporeal, pious, ethereal, mental, psychic, divine, metaphysical, unworldly. ANTONYMS: (adj) physical, worldly, secular, earthly, tangible, uncommitted splash: (n, v) spatter, dash, plash,

spot, splatter, drop; (v) spill, slop, slosh, moisten, lap splashed: (adj) dabbled, bespattered, besplashed, spattered, marked, unclean, dirty, splattered, distributed, showy, dotted splashing: (n) spatter, spattering, painting, splattering, dab, plash; (adj) liquid splendid: (adj, n, v) illustrious, glorious; (adj) gorgeous, beautiful, royal, gallant, proud; (adj, n) magnificent, noble, grand; (adj, v) brilliant. ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressive, modest, humble, ordinary, undistinguished, meager, awful, dire, lowly, inglorious, shabby splendor: (adj, n, v) brilliancy; (n) magnificence, pomp, sheen, lustre, luster, glory, ostentation, glitter; (n, v) brightness; (adj, n) radiance. ANTONYMS: (n) dullness, ordinariness, paucity, austerity, understatement, shabbiness, simplicity, unattractiveness spoiled: (adj) bad, rotten, stale, spoil, coddled, pampered, corrupt, damaged, spoilt, putrid, rancid. ANTONYM: (adj) unspoiled spoiling: (n) spoilage, spoilation, despoliation, deterioration, detriment, erosion, indulgence, injury; (v) withering; (adj) easy, lenient spoon: (n) spoonful, ladle, shovel, soup spoon, tablespoon, trowel, teaspoon, dipper; (v) smooch, dally, bill and coo sporadic: (adj) rare, occasional, infrequent, irregular, periodic, few, scarce, dispersive, spasmodic; (adj, v) sparse; (v) broadcast. ANTONYMS: (adj) constant, nonstop, frequent, regular, continual, steady, common, unbroken sporting: (adj) fair, sportsmanlike, clean, gambling, betting, dissipated, athletic, adventurous, sporty; (v) tauromachy; (n) diversion. ANTONYM: (adj) unsporting spotless: (adj) faultless, clean, innocent, pure, guiltless, flawless, chaste, perfect, impeccable, unblemished, stainless. ANTONYMS: (adj) dirty, messy, blemished, filthy, soiled, shameful, tainted, guilty, blameworthy, impure, imperfect spots: (n) damp, drifter, floater, floating policy, muscae volitantes,

Kate Chopin Musca volitans spray: (n) mist, froth, aerosol, atomizer, foam, branch; (n, v) spout, spurt; (v) splash, shower, atomize. ANTONYM: (v) trickle springy: (adj) flexible, elastic, resilient, bouncy, yielding, whippy, pliable, spongy, lively, live, supple. ANTONYM: (adj) unyielding sprinkled: (adj) scattered, speckled, wet, dotted spun: (adj) spined; (v) rotate, revolve squander: (v) fritter, dissipate, exhaust, lavish, blow, expend; (adj, v) consume, spend, desolate; (n) prodigality, dissipation. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, manage squat: (adj) short, chunky, stumpy, squatty, thick, low; (v) crouch, perch, sit, hunker down, bend. ANTONYMS: (adj) slender, tall, slight squinting: (n) strabismus; (adj) closed squirrel: (n) hackee, spermophile, baranduki, burunduki, gopher, baronduki, barunduki, collector; (v) bank, conserve; (adj) courser stabbing: (adj) piercing, acute, incisive, cutting, keen, penetrating, poignant, trenchant, knifelike, excruciating; (adj, n) shooting. ANTONYM: (adj) dull staggered: (adj) dumbfounded, astonished, flabbergasted, astounded, stunned, bewildered, surprised, thunderstruck, angular, dizzy, taken aback staggering: (adj) astounding, amazing, incredible, inconceivable, prodigious, marvelous, startling, ghastly, shocking, remarkable, extraordinary. ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable, normal, lovely, comforting stairway: (n) ladder, stairs, flight, stair, steps, flight of steps, companionway, roadway, backstairs, escalator, pathway stakes: (n) stake, ante, wager, kitty, jackpot, pool, pot, gamble, prize, interest, fence stall: (n) bench, barn, compartment, stand, carrel, hut, stalling, cabin, kiosk; (n, v) delay; (v) procrastinate. ANTONYM: (v) advance stamped: (adj) beaten, marked, pressed, printed; (v) fixed, engraved stands: (n) bleachers, stood, grandstand, standing, stop, covered stand, standpoint, stall, sales booth, reviewing stand, rack

starched: (adj) formal, starch, punctilious, ceremonious, majestic, solemn, inflexible, prim, stately, severe, ritual stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare, peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n) regard, contemplation. ANTONYM: (v) glance startled: (adj) dumbfounded, dismayed, distressed, aghast, frightened, astonished, amazed, terrified, afraid, shocked, astounded startling: (adj) wonderful, shocking, surprising, striking, alarming, appalling, marvellous, dramatic, frightful, sensational, lurid. ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable, soothing, comforting starvation: (n) inanition, famine, famishment, hungriness, privation, starving, malnutrition, dearth, poverty, scarcity, esurience stately: (adj) solemn, imposing, elegant; (adj, v) noble, dignified, grand, proud, great; (adj, adv) regal, majestic, royal. ANTONYMS: (adj) boisterous, humble, modest, lowly statesman: (n) politician, diplomat, politico, Cicero, bacon, solon, national leader, strategist, minister, schemer, Julian statuesque: (adj) shapely, Junoesque, noble, imposing, monumental, trim, tall, formal, elegant, courtly, beautiful statuette: (n) statue, figure, model, effigy, bust, sculpture steadily: (adv) constantly, stably, regularly, fixedly, strongly, continually, steadfastly, uniformly, tightly, calmly, determinedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) unsteadily, nervously, loosely, weakly, rapidly, suddenly, excitedly, haphazardly, inconsistently, unevenly steady: (adj, v) steadfast, even, secure, resolute, regular, calm, sedate; (adj, adv) stable; (adj) constant, continual, fixed. ANTONYMS: (adj) shaky, wobbly, intermittent, unreliable, irregular, fluctuating, inconsistent, unbalanced, unstable, unfaithful; (adv) unsteadily stealing: (n) pilferage, larceny, theft, steal, burglary, misappropriation, embezzlement, stolen, thievery, pilfering, thieving stealthy: (adj) clandestine, secret, surreptitious, sneaky, covert, private, backstairs, concealed, feline; (adj, v) sly, insidious. ANTONYM:

333 (adj) blatant steamer: (n) steamship, boat, liner, ship, Mya Arenaria, steam engine, sports car, roadster, clam, paddle steamer, cruise ship steaming: (adj) hot, sweltering, roasting, baking, hot under the collar, hazy, scorching; (adv) piping; (n) fumigation steep: (adj, v) immerse, soak; (v) douse, dip, imbue, saturate; (adj, adv) excessive; (adj, n) abrupt; (adj) sheer, outrageous, exorbitant. ANTONYMS: (adj) gradual, undulating, inexpensive, flat, lenient, reasonable, cheap; (v) dip stepladder: (n) steps, step ladder stereotyped: (adj, v) commonplace, stock, trite; (adj) hackneyed, banal, stale, corny, stereotypical; (v) established, familiar, incontrovertible. ANTONYMS: (adj) original, unconventional, fresh sticking: (n) soldering, adhesion; (adj) adhering, clinging, glutinous, viscous, stuck, projected, tenacious, closefisted, cohesive sticks: (n) backwoods, firewood, frontier, outskirts, suburb, town, wilderness, brushwood, high sticks; (adj) distant stiff: (adj) hard, formal, inflexible, difficult, rigorous, numb, firm, sturdy; (adj, n) stark, severe; (n) corpse. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, supple, flexible, floppy, pliable, free, easy, loose, informal, mild, pliant stiffness: (n) hardness, severity, inflexibility, rigor, clumsiness, firmness, awkwardness, inclemency, harshness, tension, roughness. ANTONYMS: (n) softness, looseness, suppleness, weakness, ease, malleability, friendliness, relaxation, leniency, smoothness, limpness stifling: (adj) close, oppressive, sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid, sticky; (n) crushing, quelling, suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, airy, cool, temperate stigma: (adj, n) blot, stain; (n, v) brand; (n) mark, ignominy, reproach, blemish, slur, disgrace, scandal, defect. ANTONYM: (n) credit stillness: (n) hush, calmness, immobility, serenity, silence, quietness, peacefulness; (adj, n) calm, quiet, peace, still. ANTONYMS: (n) bustle, movement, uproar, motion, turbulence, turmoil,

334 vigor, disturbance, chaos, agitation sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v) prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad, provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v) calm; (n) honesty stinging: (adj) cutting, bitter, piquant, prickling; (adj, v) caustic, acrid, piercing, poignant, biting, pungent, keen. ANTONYMS: (adj) stingless, gentle stir: (adj, n, v) move, bustle; (v) rouse, arouse, affect, agitate, inspire; (adj, n) movement; (n) commotion, excitement, disturbance. ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, retire, stultify, bore, steady, stifle, suppress; (n) quiet, peace; (n, v) calm stirred: (adj) excited, agitated, moved, affected, aroused, emotional, aflame, Stirn, horny, susceptible, stirred up stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive, rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling, active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressing, boring, inactive, dull, conciliatory, asleep, uninspiring, unimpressive; (n) suppression stocks: (n) stock, bilboes, provisions, securities, whipping post, inventory, store, supplies, supply, bonds, instrument of punishment stole: (n) wrap, stolen, scarf, stolon, stealing, robe, alb, tunicle, surplice, alba, cassock stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, droppings, bowel movement, form stooped: (adj) hunched, stoop, stooping, crooked, bended, not straight, inclined, not erect, arched, asymmetrical, droopy stopping: (n) stoppage, cessation, shutdown, padding, fillet, suspension, stay, discontinuance, abeyance, interruption; (adv) haltingly storytelling: (n) fiction stout: (adj, n) sturdy, stocky, hearty; (adj) hardy, strong, robust, obese, husky, bold, corpulent, fleshy. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, slim, flimsy, cowardly, slight, skinny, fragile, weak stove: (n) cooker, hearth, heater, furnace, fireplace, kiln, oven, cooking stove, cookstove, kitchen stove, kitchen range straighten: (v) tidy, unbend, neaten, square away, extend, dress, adjust,

A Reflection stretch, unwind, right, straight. ANTONYMS: (v) bend, sink, withdraw, align, stoop, distort, confuse, complicate, tilt strain: (n, v) stretch, sift; (adj, n, v) tax; (v) screen, filter, try, exert; (n) effort, breed, exertion, song. ANTONYMS: (v) laze; (n) ease, relief strained: (adj) tense, labored, intense, constrained, laboured, unnatural, nervous, affected, taut, artificial, tight. ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, calm strains: (n) tension, tenseness straw: (n) rush, stalk, drinking straw, chaff, fig, bran; (adj) feather, cobweb, mote, gossamer; (v) strew stray: (v) wander, ramble, range, digress, straggle, meander, depart, deviate, rove, drift, err. ANTONYM: (v) settle strayed: (v) stray streaming: (adj) flowing, flapping, detached, incoherent, baggy, slack, relaxed, loose, lax; (n) cyclosis; (v) disheveled strenuous: (adj) arduous, energetic, hard, grueling, active, keen, tough, eager, dynamic, forward, difficult. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, undemanding, refreshing, effortless, feeble, light stretch: (adj, n, v) strain; (adj, v) extend, elongate, lengthen; (n) extent, expanse; (v) prolong, draw; (n, v) run, spread, range. ANTONYMS: (v) shorten, shrink, withdraw, narrow, relax; (adj) inflexible stretched: (adj) extended, stiff, tight, tense, stretched out, strained, expanded, outstretched, elongated, outspread, prolonged. ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, short stretching: (n) tension, stretch, expansion, workout, reach, amplification, stretchiness, enlargement; (adj) stretched, long; (v) extend strict: (adj) severe, stern, rigid, correct, austere, rigorous, harsh, scrupulous; (adj, v) exact, accurate, precise. ANTONYMS: (adj) lenient, lax, free, negligent, imprecise, flexible, relaxed, loose, gentle, inaccurate, liberal strictly: (adv) rigorously, severely, exactly, correctly, stringently, sternly, rigidly, precisely, closely, literally, harshly. ANTONYMS: (adv) loosely, leniently,

lightheartedly, negligently, inaccurately, unlawfully, falsely, amenably stride: (n, v) pace, tread, walk, stalk, rate, toddle, stump; (n) footstep, gait, progress; (v) march striking: (adj) outstanding, dramatic, spectacular, salient, imposing, conspicuous, vivid, remarkable, notable, astonishing; (n) strike. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, ordinary, unimpressive, unremarkable, inconspicuous, unattractive, uninteresting, plain, insignificant, humble, obscure strikingly: (adj, adv) notably, signally, unusually, singularly; (adv) prominently, stunningly, imposingly, impressively, markedly, outstandingly, obviously strip: (v) deprive, despoil, peel, rifle, plunder, divest, denude, ransack, pillage; (n) band, slip. ANTONYMS: (v) decorate, cover, add strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest, struggle, fight, attempt, combat, strain, work, aspire, aim striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor, strife, try, strain, attempt, strive, ambition, struggle, exertion. ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated stroke: (adj, n) blow; (n, v) touch, caress, mark, buffet, lick, pat; (n) beat, hit, knock, bang strokes: (n) approval, reward, recognition, prize, acclaim, credit, brownie points stroking: (v) caress, strike, blow; (n) cam stroke, feeling, effleurage, diagonal, CVA, commendation, glide, slash strove: (v) strive struggling: (v) strive; (adj) harassed, hostile, under pressure, stressed, aggressive, agonizing, rebellious, belligerent, careworn; (n) colluctation stub: (n) butt, end, counterfoil, ticket, tail, remnant, base, roach, check stub; (v) abrade, scrape stubble: (n) stalk, shuck, chaff, husk, bran, straw, shackle, leavings, pale yellow, result, stalking stubborn: (adj) contrary, hard, intractable, perverse, rigid, determined, persistent, refractory, tenacious, obdurate, inveterate. ANTONYMS: (adj) compliant, irresolute, flexible, amenable, docile, easygoing, malleable, agreeable, accommodating, cooperative, feeble stuck: (adj) stranded, jammed,

Kate Chopin delayed, fast; (adj, adv) aground; (n) stuck ware, thrust, sticking; (v) sticked, fasten, attach. ANTONYMS: (adj) unstuck, loose stuffed: (adj) crammed, packed, congested, replete, loaded, filled, fraught, chock-full, crowded, jammed, gorged. ANTONYMS: (adj) hungry, lacking stuffy: (adj) close, musty, stodgy, airless, stale, sultry, stifling, muggy, sweltering, ponderous, vapid. ANTONYMS: (adj) airy, relaxed, clear, fresh, modern, lively stumble: (adj, n, v) slip; (n, v) lurch, fall, err, stagger; (adj, v) blunder, flounder, fumble; (n) misstep; (v) hit, falter stumbling: (adj) lurching, astounding, hesitant, halting, awkward, astonishing, maladroit, clumsy, weaving; (adv) stumblingly; (n) hesitation. ANTONYM: (adj) firm stunned: (adj) dumbfounded, astonished, astounded, amazed, flabbergasted, dazed, stupefied, staggered, bewildered, confused; (adj, v) astonied. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, unimpressed stunning: (adj) beautiful, awesome, striking, tremendous, glorious, astonishing, dazzling, astounding, grand, spectacular, exquisite. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, dull, humdrum, ordinary, unattractive, unremarkable, dire, uninteresting stupor: (n) lethargy, stupefaction, coma, shock, insensibility, unconsciousness, trance, sluggishness, torpor, haze, grogginess. ANTONYMS: (n) alertness, awareness, wakefulness sturdy: (adj) strong, stout, solid, rugged, firm, mighty, robust, healthy, muscular; (adj, n) burly, brawny. ANTONYMS: (adj) flimsy, puny, fragile, rickety, slight, ramshackle, infirm, frail, feeble, delicate, soft stylish: (adj) fashionable, elegant, dapper, chic, dressy, trendy, modern, natty, neat, popular, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfashionable, unstylish, styleless, bland, plain, unsophisticated, awkward, modern, out, primitive, shabby submission: (n) compliance, obedience, acquiescence, bid, offer, deference, entry, presentation, conformity; (adj, n) resignation, surrender. ANTONYMS: (n)

defiance, divergence, disobedience submissively: (adv) meekly, subserviently, compliantly, passively, deferentially, tamely, obsequiously, yieldingly, slavishly, acquiescently, dutifully. ANTONYMS: (adv) forcefully, aggressively, wildly, defiantly, assertively submissiveness: (n) meekness, compliance, submission, humbleness, humility, servility, obsequiousness, subservience, submissness, passivity, passiveness submit: (v) comply, obey, acquiesce, give in, present, hand in, put forward, hand over, propose, give; (n, v) resign. ANTONYMS: (v) resist, persevere, defy, overpower, face, disobey, conquer subservience: (n) obsequiousness, dependence, submissiveness, sycophancy, subsidiarity, submission, subordination, obedience, subserviency, humility, application substance: (adj, n) subject; (n) body, significance, import, material, matter, meaning, amount, means, gist, core. ANTONYMS: (n) meaninglessness, lightness, surface subtle: (adj) delicate, sharp, nice, acute, astute, insidious, exquisite, elusive; (adj, v) shrewd, sly, crafty. ANTONYMS: (adj) loud, bright, considerable, tactless, overpowering, harsh, concrete, dark suburbs: (adj, n) environs; (n) outskirts, periphery, outer reaches, outer edge, fringes, entourage, borderland; (adj) purlieus, alentours, neighborhood succeed: (v) follow, arrive, prosper, prevail, manage, supplant, ensue, supersede, do, achieve, flourish. ANTONYMS: (v) fail, precede, lose, botch, restore, neglect, Miss, deteriorate suddenness: (n) steepness, hastiness, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitateness, sudden, craggedness, surprise, precipitousness, brusqueness, curtness suds: (n, v) foam, froth, spume; (n) lather, soapsuds, bubbles, head, beer, bubble, lager, surf suffused: (adj) distributed, covered, full suitably: (adv) appropriately, fittingly, befittingly, properly, fitly, becomingly, accordingly, decently,

335 correctly, aptly; (adv, v) conveniently. ANTONYMS: (adv) inappropriately, unsuitably, inconveniently, incorrectly, unreasonably, wrongly, inadequately, badly, indecently, unduly suited: (adj, v) proper, fit, fitted, adapted, convenient; (adj) appropriate, good, apt, eligible, capable, useful. ANTONYMS: (adj) incompatible, wrong, inappropriate sullen: (adj, n) morose, sulky, sour; (adj) gloomy, gruff, glum, moody, dark, cross, surly; (adj, v) grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, cheery; (n) cheeriness sullenly: (adv) sulkily, sourly, grumpily, morosely, moodily, dourly, somberly, peevishly, surly, crossly, petulantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) graciously, contentedly, gladly, cheerily summons: (n) call, invitation, bidding, process, writ, invocation, warrant, command; (n, v) summon; (v) demand, cite sumptuous: (adj) magnificent, luxurious, opulent, splendid, gorgeous, deluxe, costly, lush, lavish, grand, plush. ANTONYMS: (adj) unadorned, humble, ascetic, meager, scanty, impoverished sundry: (adj) several, different, diverse, assorted, miscellaneous, many, varied, mixed, divers, various; (n) sundries. ANTONYMS: (adj) uniform, homogeneous sung: (v) sing; (n) call, sung dynasty, strain, song dynasty, song, birdsong, birdcall; (adj) spoken, outspoken, choral sunk: (adj) sunken, undone, finished, ruined, profound, immersed, damaged, lowed, lying flat; (v) cut up, dashed sunlight: (n) sunshine, daylight, the sun, positive, solar, sunbeam, brightness, sunbeams, rays, shaft, beam sunny: (adj) bright, clear, gay, cheerful, merry, blithe, shiny, shining, radiant, brilliant, fair. ANTONYMS: (adj) overcast, dull, shady, unhappy, cloudy, sad, miserable, gloomy, unpleasant sunshade: (n) awning, canopy, parasol, shade, sunblind, marquee, umbrella, tilt, blind, covering, tent supercilious: (adj) proud, haughty, disdainful, lofty, contemptuous, contumelious, cavalier, lordly,

336 arrogant, scornful, high and mighty. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, affable superior: (adj) dominant, exceptional, predominant, better, great, proud, arrogant, excellent, select, high; (adj, n) elder. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) inferior, subscript; (adj) humble, worse, poor, adscript, junior, lesser, low; (n) subordinate, associate superstitious: (adj) superstition, false, groundless, eerie, irrational, fallacious supervision: (n) oversight, control, direction, charge, management, superintendence, guidance, custody, care, command; (n, v) observation supper: (n) meal, tea, lunch, repast, reception, mealtime, siesta, social affair; (v) dejeuner, bever, whet supple: (adj, v) flexible, pliable, limber, pliant; (adj) lithe, soft, plastic, graceful, lithesome, lissom, lissome. ANTONYMS: (adj) rigid, inflexible, stocky, clumsy, hard, rough, slow, tight, unyielding supplication: (n, v) entreaty, solicitation; (n) petition, invocation, appeal, request, rogation, plea, orison, blessing, imploration supplied: (n) supplying; (adj) adequate, ample, copious, complete, fitted, impregnated, made pregnant, offered, perfect, plenteous. ANTONYM: (adj) unavailable supplying: (n) supply, issue, feeding, logistics, issuing, issuance, irrigation, alimentation, purveyance; (v) furnish, provide supporting: (n) backing, shoring, propping up, hanging; (adj) auxiliary, collateral, encouraging, secondary, supplementary; (adj, prep) behind; (v) uphold. ANTONYMS: (prep) against; (adj) secondary sureness: (n) confidence, certainty, firmness, faith, steadiness, conviction, authority, security, trust, dominance, sanction. ANTONYM: (n) uncertainty surf: (n) foam, breaker, spray, wave, surge, swell, suds, bubble; (v) browse, beach comber, ground swell surrounded: (adj) enclosed, ingirt, not independent, ringed, inside, rooted, conditioned, circumstanced, bounded; (v) beset, furnished surroundings: (n) atmosphere, environment, environs, setting, neighborhood, habitat, milieu, neighbourhood, scene, background, ambiance

A Reflection surveying: (n) mensuration, measurement, investigation, triangulation; (v) inspect, examine; (adj) observant susceptibility: (n) sensitivity, liability, impressibility, inclination, capability, sensibility, susceptibleness, receptivity, responsiveness, proclivity, tendency. ANTONYMS: (n) resistance, insensitivity susceptible: (adj) impressionable, receptive, sensitive, subject, liable, delicate, susceptive, vulnerable, pliable, irritable, open. ANTONYMS: (adj) resistant, impervious, resisting, safe, invulnerable, indifferent, smart suspect: (v) mistrust, suppose, distrust, conjecture, guess, surmise, divine, disbelieve; (adj) fishy, questionable, shady. ANTONYMS: (adj) trustworthy, trusted, innocent, reliable, credible, aboveboard; (n) plaintiff; (v) know, believe suspected: (adj) supposed, doubted, suspicious, suspicion, inspiring distrust, distrusted suspended: (adj) hanging, dormant, pendulous, abeyant, dangling, in abeyance, inactive, pendant, in suspension, pensile, suspensory suspense: (n) doubt, expectancy, anticipation, indecision, insecurity, unrest, expectation, irresolution, suspension, tension; (adj, n) hesitation. ANTONYM: (n) knowledge suspicion: (n) distrust, inkling, misgiving, hunch, qualm, scruple, surmise, supposition; (n, v) doubt, mistrust, fear. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, knowledge, information, carelessness, recklessness, certitude sustained: (adj) prolonged, long, continuous, constant, chronic, free burning, perennial, supported, permanent, sostenuto, protracted. ANTONYM: (adj) brief sustaining: (adj) underneath, alimentary, at the bottom of, comforting, filling, fundamental, healthy, profitable, rich; (n) continuation, maintenance swallowed: (adj) engulfed, gulped, inundated, overcome, overwhelmed, flooded, overpowered, enclosed sward: (n) sod, greensward, lawn, green, divot, turf, grass, meadow, mead, sodomite, grassplat swarm: (n) host, horde, multitude,

drove, throng, cloud, assembly; (n, v) mob; (v) teem, pour; (adj) shoal. ANTONYMS: (v) retreat; (n) few swayed: (adj) persuaded, susceptible, touched, convinced. ANTONYM: (adj) doubtful swaying: (adj) swinging, convincing, oscillating, influential, persuasive, moving, lilting, groggy; (n) floating, manipulation sweat: (n, v) work, toil, struggle; (v) perspire, drudge, exude; (n) perspiration, lather, sudor, effort; (adj) perspiring. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) entertainment, ease, relaxation sweep: (adj, v) brush, rake; (n, v) range, reach, sway; (n) compass, expanse, scope, field; (v) sail; (adj, n) curve sweeping: (adj) broad, extensive, radical, wholesale, indiscriminate, exhaustive, blanket, thorough, general, wide; (adv) sweepingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) narrow, restricted, exclusive, specific, modest, isolated swelled: (adj) big, inflated, bloated, swollen, adult, boastful, bighearted, bad, fully grown, crowing, elder swept: (adj) clean swift: (adj, adv, v) fast; (adj) quick, fleet, speedy, alert, nimble, hasty, prompt, sudden, hurried; (adj, v) rapid. ANTONYMS: (adj) considered, leisurely, sluggish, gradual, delayed, clumsy swiftly: (adv) rapidly, speedily, fleetly, promptly, expeditiously, alertly, hastily, suddenly, readily; (adj, adv) quickly, fast. ANTONYMS: (adv) eventually, sluggishly, gradually swim: (n) dip, swimming, bathing, diving; (adj) rise; (v) hover, spin, drift, spire, plane, reel swimmer: (n) bather, natator, surfer, diver, traveller, traveler, aquanaut, athlete, surfboarder, divers, plunger swimming: (n) swim, natation, diving, bathing, skin diving; (adj) vertigo, naiant, liquid, natatorial, oily, overly diluted swing: (n, v) sway, sweep, turn, change, beat; (v) fluctuate, oscillate, dangle, rock, vibrate; (adj, v) hang sycamore: (n) plane tree, maple, great maple, mulberry fig, lacewood, buttonwood, platan, Scottish maple, tree, wood, plane syllable: (n) antepenultimate, antepenult, penultima, penultimate,

Kate Chopin articulate, utter, linguistic unit, solfa syllable, speech sound, syllabe, language unit symbols: (n) secret language, secret code, script, code, cipher, cryptogram symmetrical: (adj) symmetric, balanced, shapely, proportionate, regular, methodical, unsymmetrical, equal, even, correct, neat. ANTONYMS: (adj) irregular, disproportioned sympathy: (n) compassion, kindness, commiseration, mercy, feeling, understanding, rapport, benevolence, agreement; (adj, n) humanity, charity. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, cruelty, coldness, disdain, incompatibility, thoughtlessness, mercilessness, callousness, incomprehension, inhumanity, insensitivity symphony: (n) concord, accord, sinfonie, cavatina, fantasia, overture, exordium, pastorale, concerto, roulade, symphonic music systematic: (adj, v) orderly, regular; (adj) tidy, neat, businesslike, logical, correct, ordered, symmetrical, shipshape, en regle. ANTONYMS: (adj) disorderly, illogical, haphazard, chaotic, careless, random, disorganized, intuitive, unscientific tabouret: (n) stool tacit: (adj) silent, implicit, understood, implied, undeclared, unspoken, voiceless, mute, mum; (n) tace; (v) not expressed. ANTONYMS: (adj) spoken, express tact: (n) diplomacy, delicacy, finesse, address, discretion, skill, consideration, refinement, grace, thoughtfulness, tactfulness. ANTONYMS: (n) frankness, carelessness, thoughtlessness, insensitivity, clumsiness tactless: (adj) impolitic, maladroit, clumsy, tasteless, indiscreet, indelicate, blunt, thoughtless, awkward, insensitive, inept. ANTONYMS: (adj) diplomatic, thoughtful, discreet, considerate, fitting, careful, tasteful, sensitive, urbane, appropriate, kind tale: (n) account, narrative, narration, recital, fib, fable, report, fiction, lie, relation, yarn. ANTONYM: (n) fact talent: (n) genius, ability, aptitude, capacity, skill, knack, flair, capability; (n, v) endowment, faculty; (adj, n) cleverness.

ANTONYMS: (n) incapacity, lack, stupidity, incompetence, ineptness, drawback talkative: (adj, v) loquacious; (adj) garrulous, chatty, gabby, verbose, gossipy, glib, communicative, voluble, talky, wordy. ANTONYMS: (adj) reserved, mute, silent, shy, quiet, uncommunicative, restrained, reticent tangle: (v) entangle, embroil, enmesh, embrangle, ruffle, mat; (n) maze, confusion; (n, v) jumble, muddle, knot. ANTONYMS: (n) order, line, peace; (v) unravel, undo, untangle, straighten tangled: (adj) involved, complex, knotted, intricate, complicated, entangled, knotty, convoluted, disheveled, tousled, matted. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, straightforward, untangled, neat, simple taper: (n) candle, taper hole, bougie, rushlight, taper ratio; (v) sharpen, point, acuminate, diminish, lessen, reduce. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, widen tapped: (adj) poor, powerless, helpless. ANTONYM: (adj) untapped tardy: (adj, adv, v) late; (adj, v) slow, remiss; (adj, adv) backward, dilatory, behindhand; (adj) belated, slack, overdue, delayed, sluggish. ANTONYMS: (adj) early, punctual, premature, speedy tasteful: (adj) refined, neat, graceful, savory, tasty, delicious, dainty, discriminating, clean, appreciate, artistic. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulgar, cheap, garish, offensive, unstylish, unrefined, unfashionable, loud, obvious, tacky tasty: (adj) tasteful, delicious, spicy, dainty, delectable, appetizing, luscious, nice, palatable, savoury, scrumptious. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, inedible, unappetizing, insipid, revolting tattered: (adj) shabby, ragged, scruffy, dilapidated, threadbare, frayed, seedy, worn out, torn, shattered; (adj, v) bedraggled. ANTONYMS: (adj) elegant, smart, new taut: (adj, v) firm, close; (adj) tense, stiff, rigid, drawn, strained, stringent, stretched, inflexible; (v) fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, limp, slack, droopy, relaxed, flabby teachings: (n) education, order,

337 wisdom, instruction, information, direction, command, tradition tearing: (adj) fierce, violent, vehement, furious, ripping, ferocious; (n) lachrymation, lacrimation, riving ahead, tear, lancination teens: (n) minority, tender age, teenage years, childhood, large integer, puberty, youth, boyhood, adolescence, bloom temerity: (n) nerve, effrontery, hardihood, boldness, rashness, imprudence, audaciousness, carelessness, assurance, indiscretion, venturesomeness. ANTONYMS: (n) caution, care, reticence temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften, mitigate, harden; (n) character, disposition, humor, nature; (v) modify, season, qualify. ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v) soften, agitate, excite, flex, bend, increase; (n) composure, happiness, wrath, equanimity temperament: (n) character, nature, disposition, constitution, personality, quality, spirit, humor, equanimity, composure, mettle tempered: (adj) attempered, temperate, moderated, toughened, subdued, set, enured, proportioned, properly adapted, emotionally hardened, treated. ANTONYM: (adj) untempered tempest: (adj, n) storm, gust; (n) gale, hurricane, squall, disturbance, cyclone, typhoon, agitation, tornado, blizzard. ANTONYM: (n) serenity temple: (n) church, place of worship, shrine, Fane, house of worship, pantheon, pagoda, synagogue, brow, sanctuary, mosque temples: (n) brow tempt: (adj, v) attract, allure; (v) entice, decoy, charm, inveigle, invite, coax, seduce, fascinate, attempt. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage, appall, repel temptation: (n, v) lure, enticement, bait; (n) attraction, allurement, invitation, seduction, inducement, allure, appeal, pull. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, discouragement tempting: (adj) seductive, alluring, attractive, enticing, tantalizing, charming, appealing, captivating, beguiling, delicious, irresistible. ANTONYMS: (adj) repulsive, revolting, unattractive, repellent tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v) affectionate; (adj) painful,

338 sensitive, soft, loving, sore; (v) propose, present. ANTONYMS: (adj) hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough, uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling, cold, experienced; (v) withdraw tenderloin: (n) combat zone, cut of meat, city district, combat area, cut, beef tenderloin, haunch, loin, pork tenderloin, side, skid row tenderly: (adv) softly, kindly, delicately, affectionately, fondly, warmly, painfully, sensitively, caringly, sympathetically, gently. ANTONYMS: (adv) roughly, severely, disapprovingly, harshly tenderness: (n) fondness, soreness, love, affection, sympathy; (adj, n) clemency, mildness, compassion, gentleness, softness, delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, dryness, hatred, strength, detachment tenfold: (adj) decuple, decimal, tenth, containing ten tenor: (n) purport, meaning, substance, tendency, spirit, tone, mood, effect, set, temper; (adj) soprano tent: (n) awning, marquee, pavilion, canopy, collapsible shelter, tabernacle, attention, pack tent, parasol, pop tent; (n, v) camp tenth: (adj, n) tithe; (adj) denary, decimal, decuple, tenfold; (n) ten percent, tenth part, simple fraction, common fraction, disme terribly: (adv) horribly, awfully, terrifically, very, badly, awful, appallingly, atrociously, terrificly; (adj, adv) frightfully, shockingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) wonderfully, slightly, superbly, fortunately, happily, laudably, little, marvelously, pleasantly, hardly, honorably terrifying: (adj) horrible, frightening, alarming, fearsome, scary, horrifying, terrific, appalling, formidable, ghastly, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) safe, pleasant, reassuring terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n) dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay, consternation, horror, panic, apprehension, scourge. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security, delight, calm, confidence tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat texture: (adj, n) grain; (n) fabric, constitution, weave, tissue, web, woof, roughness, marbleizing; (n, v) finish, make

A Reflection thankful: (adj) appreciative, indebted, beholden, obliged, contented, pleased, gratified, relieved, under obligation, appreciatory, welcome. ANTONYMS: (adj) worried, unappreciative, unthankful, sorry thanking: (n) curtain call, appreciation, acknowledgement, blessing thereon: (adv) on that, thereupon, afterward, at once, early, immediately, therefore thereto: (adv) thereunto, moreover; (adj) likeness, accurate, coincidence, correct, correctness, deportment, detail, exact, expected thimble: (n) tablespoon, spoon, spatula, shovel, ladle, dipper, stirrer, cinder pot, containerful; (v) gauntlet, bulletproof vest thirties: (n) decade, decennium thorn: (n) barb, prickle, bramble, spike, point, brier, pricker, needle, sticker, fang; (adj, n) sting thoroughly: (adv, v) fully; (adv) entirely, totally, soundly, exhaustively, carefully, absolutely, perfectly, deeply, utterly, exactly. ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially, incompletely, negligently, partially, partly, barely, halfheartedly, deficiently, inadequately, insufficiently, hastily thoughtful: (adj, v) serious, solemn, grave; (adj) kind, careful, pensive, heedful, attentive, discreet, sensible, courteous. ANTONYMS: (adj) thoughtless, careless, heedless, uncaring, unkind, tactless, superficial, stupid, negligent, idiotic, unthinking thoughtfulness: (n) kindness, tact, deliberation, attentiveness, contemplativeness, attention, introspection, meditation, pensiveness, reflection, reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness, carelessness, cruelty, rashness, unthoughtfulness, inconsideration, unkindness, selfishness, insensitivity, neglect, cheerfulness thoughtlessness: (n) inconsideration, rashness, carelessness, impulsiveness, imprudence, indiscretion, heedlessness, bluntness, foolhardiness, neglect, negligence. ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtfulness, care, responsibility, carefulness, caution, wisdom, diplomacy, sensitivity thrash: (v) flog, whip, beat, pound,

defeat, whack, lam, drub, baste, lick, clobber thrashing: (n) beating, lashing, flogging, whipping, drubbing, licking, flagellation, rout, tanning, hiding, debacle. ANTONYMS: (n) victory, win thread: (n) screw thread, yarn, rope, wire, twine, ligature; (adj, n, v) line, file; (n, v) string together; (adj, v) range; (v) penetrate threatening: (adj) ominous, forbidding, sinister, minatory, black, imminent, perilous, impending, dangerous, grave, sullen. ANTONYMS: (adj) reassuring, nice, approachable, pleasant, promising, favorable, friendly, harmless, hospitable, soothing threshold: (n) brink, beginning, outset, entrance, entry, doorsill, doorstep, doorway, edge, vestibule, border. ANTONYM: (n) end thrilled: (adj) jubilant, excited, happy, overjoyed, elated, ecstatic, pleased, thrillful, contented, grateful, flattered. ANTONYMS: (adj) bored, unhappy, depressed, desolate, sad, down, miserable throne: (v) enthrone; (n) can, stool, place, fecal matter, potty, chair, cathedra, lavatory, crapper, pot thrust: (n, v) poke, stab, jab, drive, shove, force, punch, boost, cast, dig; (v) ram. ANTONYM: (n) inertia thwart: (adv, v) cross; (v) frustrate, prevent, oppose, baffle, obstruct, hinder, impede, defeat, disappoint, bilk. ANTONYMS: (v) promote, assist, encourage, aid, help, please, permit tiara: (n) crown, coronet, circlet, miter, triple crown, cap of maintenance, jewelled headdress, jewelry, tiar tied: (adj) bound, connected, laced, united, fixed, even, liable, tight, spiked, responsible, attached. ANTONYMS: (adj) untied, unlaced tight: (adj, v) narrow, parsimonious, compact, stingy; (adj, adv, v) fast, firm; (adj) mean, taut, secure, snug, tense. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, baggy, slack, wide, easy, open, leaky, giving, free, floppy; (adv) loosely tightly: (adv) closely, steadily, tautly, strictly, securely, densely, stiffly, solidly, tipsily, stably, parsimoniously. ANTONYMS: (adv) loosely, insecurely, sparsely tights: (n) hose, maillot, leotards,

Kate Chopin leotard, panty hose, stocking, drawers, hosiery, hosepipe tiles: (n) floor covering, flooring timely: (adj, adv, v) seasonable; (adj, v) convenient, appropriate; (adj) punctual, apt, prompt, propitious, pat, fit; (adv) apropos; (adj, adv) early. ANTONYMS: (adj) inopportune, premature, unlucky, inappropriate, late tinged: (adj) plausible, bright, painted, fey, touched, specious, colorful, stained, tined, dyed, tinct tint: (n, v) color, tinge, hue, stain, dye, tinct; (n) shade, tincture, tone, cast; (v) paint. ANTONYMS: (n) white, pallor; (v) whiten, pale tips: (n) information, guidelines, commands, orders tire: (n, v) bore, jade; (adj, n, v) fatigue; (v) exhaust, harass, fag, weary, wear, pall, prostrate; (n) tyre. ANTONYMS: (v) interest, invigorate, energize tires: (v) pressure release valve, safety valve tiresome: (adj) tedious, dull, laborious, irksome, monotonous, annoying, slow, dreary, bothersome; (adj, v) wearisome, troublesome. ANTONYMS: (adj) stimulating, fun, varied, soothing, pleasant, brisk, exciting, convenient, refreshing tisane: (n) camomile tea, herbal tea, herb tea tobacco: (adj) nicotine; (n) filler, nicotian, plant product, mustard tree, herb, herbaceous plant, common tobacco, drug of abuse, street drug, smoking mixture toddy: (n) hot toddy, negus, mixed drink, alcohol, bishop; (v) wassail toilet: (n) lavatory, attire, dress, John, lav, privy, can, stool, loo, costume, convenience toned: (adj) pastel tonic: (n) stimulant, restorative, keynote, soda pop, medicine, corroborant, tonic water; (adj) brisk, refreshing, fresh, invigorating. ANTONYM: (n) sedative toothsome: (adj) delicious, delectable, scrumptious, toothful, tasty, dainty, sweet, appetizing, palatable, yummy; (adj, v) savory topmost: (adj) highest, upmost, upper, maximum, uppermost, head, supreme, utmost, crowning, apical, uttermost. ANTONYM: (adj) bottom torch: (n) brand, light, flambeau, burner, great mullein, blowlamp, Verbascum Thapsus, flannel

mullein, common mullein, blowtorch; (v) burn tore: (v) tare; (n) moulding, molding tormented: (adj) worried, tortured, hagridden, troubled, beleaguered, beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform, distraught, distressed. ANTONYM: (adj) calm torn: (adj, prep) lacerated, rent, mangled; (adj) ripped, tattered, blasted, lacerate, shabby, goddamned, infernal, made uninhabitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) pristine, sure, resolute, healed, decided, mended torpid: (adj) inactive, sluggish, indolent, dull, slow, dormant, lazy, dead, lifeless, flat, supine. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, lively torrent: (n) flood, cloudburst, overflow, stream, downpour, rain, shower, soaker, inundation; (adj, n) volley, eruption. ANTONYMS: (n) drought, trickle, shower torrid: (adj) hot, burning, sultry, impassioned, fervent, perfervid, fervid, fiery, ardent, sweltering, passionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) freezing, cold, cool, frigid, arctic tortuous: (adj) indirect, intricate, circuitous, complex, knotty, winding, convoluted, sinuous, involved, devious, roundabout. ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward, straight, uncomplicated, untwisted, easy, simple torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering, excruciation, grief; (v) rack, excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief, alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy, pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate tottering: (adj) unsteady, ramshackle, easily shaken, tottery, sick, rocky, broken, trembling, cracked; (v) drooping; (n) convulsion touching: (adj, v) affecting; (adj) poignant, pitiful, pathetic, adjacent, adjoining, emotional; (n) touch, contact; (prep) concerning, about. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaffecting, everyday, heartwarming, unmoving, heartbreaking, emotionless, unemotional, impassive toward: (prep) to, towards, approaching, headed for, just before, of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on; (adv) about, around, by. ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away towering: (adj) lofty, tall, eminent, great, soaring, mighty, elevated,

339 monumental, exalted, imposing, distinguished. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, dwarfed, little, low trace: (n, v) line, shadow, spot, hunt, trail; (n) dash, clue, indication, suggestion, sign; (v) pursue. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) lot, overtone tradesmen: (n) fellow tradesmen trading: (n) business, commerce, round trip trading, bond trading, speculation, short selling, short covering, program trading, patronage, negotiation; (adj) mercantile traditions: (n) background, society, mores, conduct, behavior, civilization, customs tragedian: (n) thespian, comedian, role player, histrion, actor, author, player tragedy: (n) calamity, disaster, misfortune, play, cataclysm, drama, bad luck, bale, apocalypse, farce, tragic. ANTONYMS: (n) humor, blessing, joy, boon, advantage, comedy trail: (n, v) track, haul, trace, tail, hunt, path, train; (v) drag, pursue, chase, draw. ANTONYMS: (n) room; (v) push, precede trailing: (n) tracking, drift, pursuit, streaminess, hunt, heeling; (adj) following, rambling, sprawling, prone, procumbent traits: (v) lineaments, area, expanse, exposition, extent, length, tract, trace; (n) character, nature, personality tramp: (n) bum, hobo, beggar; (n, v) walk, trudge, vagabond, ramble, march; (v) roam, range, plod. ANTONYMS: (n, v) loyalist; (n) resident tramping: (adj) moving trample: (v) oppress, stamp, squash, crush, tread, flatten, defeat, suppress, step, frustrate; (n) trampling transcendently: (adv) transcendentally, sublimely, supremely, superiorly, matchlessly, exceedingly, divinely, excellently transformation: (n) alteration, metamorphosis, shift, change, mutation, translation, transition, transfiguration, metabolism, transmutation, modification transformed: (adj) changed, malformed, rehabilitated, bewitched, misshapen, distorted, reformed

340 transported: (adj) ecstatic, rapt, elated, inspirited, spellbound, exultant, puffed up, proud, delighted, elate; (adv) on cloud nine. ANTONYM: (adj) dejected tray: (n) plate, salver, dish, cheeseboard, tray bar, server, waiter, Cran, inkstand, icetray, jardiniere treacherous: (adj) unfaithful, deceitful, false, perfidious, dangerous, disloyal, unreliable, unsafe, Punic, fraudulent, faithless. ANTONYMS: (adj) faithful, loyal, honest, safe, true, genuine, forthright, stable, harmless, dependable, open tread: (n, v) pace, walk, rate, march, tramp; (n) gait, stride, footstep, footfall, track; (v) trample treadle: (n) blade, shank, tiller, shaft, foot lever, hilt, helm, heft, handle, haft, accelerator treadmill: (n) exercise device, galleys, grind, grinder, groove, rat race, routine, rut, treadwheel; (adj) humdrum, monotonous treasure: (n) gem, fortune, riches, funds; (n, v) hoard, prize, store; (v) cherish, appreciate; (adj, n) jewel, precious stone. ANTONYMS: (v) dislike, disparage, scorn, neglect; (n) dud, poverty treble: (adj) threefold, ternary, triplex, thribble, double, dual, high, voce di testa, shrill; (adj, v) triple; (v) sing trellis: (n) lattice, grille, espalier, treillage, train, grate, net, network, grill; (v) plait, wattle trembling: (adj, n) shaking; (adj, n, v) tremor; (adj) shaky, quaking, shivering, flutter; (n) palpitation, quiver, vibration, shiver, quake. ANTONYMS: (adj) stable, steady tremor: (n, v) shiver, quake, shudder, shake; (n) agitation, vibration, earthquake, convulsion; (adj, v) flutter; (adj, n) trepidation; (v) tremble tricks: (n) actions, behavior, thing, clowning around, fooling, magic, plunder, possession, activities trifle: (n, v) play; (adj, n, v) trinket; (v) dally, fiddle, flirt, fool, frivol; (n) nothing, triviality, detail; (adj, n) bagatelle trifles: (n) jests, nonsense, nugae, trivia trim: (adj, v) tidy, spruce; (adj, n, v) dress; (n, v) cut, clip, garnish, lop; (adj) neat, orderly; (v) shave, embellish. ANTONYMS: (adj)

A Reflection scruffy, unkempt, sloppy, large, chubby, disorderly, overweight; (v) lengthen, develop, expand, lose trimmed: (adj) down, slashed, shortened, neat, mown, level, gelded, emasculated, demure, cunning, sly trimming: (n) decoration, dressing, adornment, ornament, fringe, border, clipping, cutting, frill, edging, lace trimmings: (n) embellishments, trappings, finery, fixing, superfluities, plumage, edge, paraphernalia, gear, additions, fixings tripping: (adj) easy, flowing, lightsome, readable, swinging, swingy, nimble, lilting, light, fluent; (v) failing triumphant: (adj) victorious, successful, triumphal, exulting, winning, joyful, rejoicing, elated, conquering, prideful; (adj, v) exultant. ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointed, failing, losing, defeated, miserable, sorrowful trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little, small, commonplace, superficial, petty, paltry, inconsiderable, piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj) important, vital, major, urgent, profound, crucial, consequential, considerable, enormous, mature, serious troop: (n) group, corps, gang, crowd, band, brigade, crew, herd, swarm, horde; (n, v) flock trot: (n, v) run; (n) crib, canter, pony, gait, ride, lope; (v) gallop, general, frequent, household trots: (n) Aztec two-step, Montezuma's revenge; (adj) ill troubled: (adj, v) concerned, solicitous; (adj) distressed, anxious, worried, uneasy, uncomfortable, disconcerted, upset, apprehensive, restless. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconcerned, composed, calm, easy, relaxed, tranquil, assured, carefree, brave, stable, unaffected troublesome: (adj) difficult, hard, arduous, bothersome, inconvenient, onerous, awkward, annoying, laborious, tough, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, helpful, useful, advantageous, convenient, uncomplicated, delightful trousers: (n) breeches, knickers, pantaloons, trews, bellbottoms, chinos, cords, denim, flannel, gabardine, knickerbockers

trumped-up: (adj) fictitious trumpet: (n) horn, cornet, bugle, clarion, trump, brass, trombone; (v) proclaim, promulgate, show off, blare trunk: (n) stem, boot, torso, bole, body, stalk, snout, proboscis, stock, tree trunk, box trunks: (n) short pants, pants, luggage, Jockey shorts, Jamaica shorts, Bermuda shorts, bathing trunks, bathing suit, costume, drawers, swimming trunks trusted: (adj) intimate, confidential, sure, bosom, beloved, cherished, familiar, trustworthy, indisputable, trusty, reliable tumble: (n, v) drop, jumble, stumble, plunge, slip, spill, downfall; (v) crumble, collapse, topple, confuse tumbling: (adj) falling, billowing, dropping, rolled; (adj, adv) plunging; (n) gymnastics, acrobatics, stunting, stunt flying, rumbling; (adv) headfirst tumult: (adj, n, v) hubbub, disturbance; (n) stir, commotion, bustle, din, fuss, excitement; (n, v) clamor, disorder, brawl. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, push, serenity, order, calm tune: (n) song, strain, air, harmony, note, concord; (v) adjust, regulate, string, tune up; (n, v) chant. ANTONYMS: (n) silence; (v) untune tuning: (n) adjustment, change, calibration, alteration, standardisation, standardization, modification; (v) adjust turf: (n) sward, greensward, ground, grass, field, peat, lawn, green, divot, Corso, race course turmoil: (n, v) commotion; (n) disturbance, agitation, disorder, hubbub, confusion, excitement, flurry, mess, hullabaloo, disruption. ANTONYMS: (n) order, calm, peace, accord twined: (adj) bent, coiled, contorted, distorted, misrepresented, perverted twins: (n) Gemini, couple, brace, duet, cheeks, deuce, twin, two, Siamese twins, siblings, geminy twisted: (adj) perverted, deformed, bent, distorted, misshapen, coiled, twined, curved, wry, contorted; (adj, v) winding. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, normal, perfect, wholesome twitch: (n, v) twinge, pull, yank, pluck, tug, tweak, wrench, pinch, start; (v) draw, nip ugly: (adj, adv) surly; (adj) nasty,

Kate Chopin repulsive, frightful, forbidding, disagreeable, hideous, gruesome, evil, offensive, shocking. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, flowing, ornamental, nice, lovely, pleasant, safe, kind, gentle, appealing, agreeable umbrella: (n) parasol, sunshade, shelter, canopy, cover, gamp, protection, tent, shield, screen, umbra unacceptable: (adj) impossible, objectionable, unsatisfactory, inadmissible, unbearable, offensive, intolerable, unsuitable, disagreeable, thankless, ineligible. ANTONYMS: (adj) acceptable, satisfactory, allowable, permissible, valid, admissible, suitable, proper, fitting, on, bearable unaccountable: (adj) incomprehensible, inexplicable, strange, unintelligible, unexplainable, mysterious, impenetrable, undiscoverable, undecipherable, unknowable, unnatural. ANTONYMS: (adj) accountable, explainable, responsible, explicable unaccustomed: (adj) new, strange, unusual, inexperienced, unseasoned, unacquainted, uncustomary, rare, unfamiliar, unwonted; (adj, v) untrained. ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, normal, ready, usual, prepared, knowledgeable, customary unaffected: (adj) sincere, artless, natural, plain, real, genuine, unimpressed, ingenuous, naive, untouched, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj) unnatural, sophisticated, refined, pretentious, moved, hurt, disturbed, changed, vulnerable, dishonest, emotional unaided: (adj) naked, unassisted, defenseless, nude, bare, independent, unaccompanied, open; (adj, adv) alone, on your own; (adv) single-handed. ANTONYM: (adv) jointly unamiable: (adj) uncharitable, unfeeling, vinegary, sour, disobliging, resembling vinegar, morose unapproachable: (adj) aloof, distant, remote, interminable, unreachable, immeasurable, incalculable, inexhaustible, illimitable, innumerable, out of reach. ANTONYMS: (adj) accessible, friendly, easy, affable

unattainable: (adj) impossible, inaccessible, impracticable, impractical, unapproachable, unobtainable, out of print, not possible, unassailable, unavailable, unbeatable. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, accessible, possible, attainable, feasible unattractive: (adj) ugly, uninviting, unsightly, unprepossessing, unbecoming, unpopular, unpleasant, undesirable, disagreeable, plain, uncared for. ANTONYMS: (adj) beautiful, lovely, appealing, becoming, desirable, flattering, striking unavoidable: (adj) necessary, inescapable, ineluctable, irresistible, obligatory, certain, indispensable, essential, sure, required, avoidless. ANTONYMS: (adj) escapable, unpredictable, optional, unlikely, uncertain unaware: (adj) ignorant, incognizant, unwitting, unknowing, unconscious, oblivious, blind, unmindful, unweeting, unknowledgeable, uninformed. ANTONYMS: (adj) cognizant, conscious, informed, witting, knowledgeable, mindful, wary unbalanced: (adj) crazy, mad, wobbly, disproportionate, unequal, demented, imbalanced, unsettled, unstable, unsteady, asymmetrical. ANTONYMS: (adj) sane, balanced, even, fair, equal, steady, symmetrical, well, firm, consistent, moderate unbounded: (adj) immeasurable, limitless, endless, infinite, immense, measureless, unlimited, vast, illimitable, unmeasured, absolute unbroken: (adj) continuous, entire, complete, continual, constant, intact, incessant, endless, whole, undivided, solid. ANTONYMS: (adj) intermittent, temporary, plowed, discontinuous, disturbed, sporadic, partial uncalled: (adj) spontaneous uncanny: (adj) weird, eerie, strange, ghostly, unearthly, unnatural, eldritch, mysterious, odd, frightful, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, common, ordinary unceremoniously: (adv) casually, familiarly, easily, offhandedly, abruptly, ungraciously, uncivilly, curtly, closely, intimately, cozily. ANTONYMS: (adv) attentively, carefully, distantly, formally

341 uncertain: (adj) changeable, dubious, questionable, indistinct, equivocal, chancy, unsure, unsafe; (adj, v) indefinite, vague; (adj, n) doubtful. ANTONYMS: (adj) definite, clear, decisive, sure, decided, unquestionable, inevitable, safe, unreserved, sealed, determined uncertainly: (adv) dubiously, doubtfully, unsurely, unsettledly, falteringly, unsteadily, waveringly, irresolutely, undecidedly, undeterminedly, unfixedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) firmly, determinedly, decisively, steadily, indisputably, boldly, certainly, admirably unchanged: (adj) regular, undeviating, unalterable, unchanging, invariable, unvarying, unvaried, unmoved; (adj, v) identical, same; (v) like. ANTONYMS: (adj) reformed, distorted, affected, changed, altered, varied, fluid uncomfortable: (adj) ill at ease, embarrassing, troubled, disagreeable, inconvenient, difficult, discomfited, anxious, uneasy, cheerless; (v) untoward. ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, comfy, happy, untroubled, painless, content, easy, straightforward uncommon: (adj) extraordinary, peculiar, scarce, singular, strange, special, exceptional, infrequent, odd, unusual, unaccustomed. ANTONYMS: (adj) typical, usual, normal, familiar, poor, ordinary, bad, imperfect, customary, accustomed, frequent uncomprehending: (adj) vacuous, expressionless, undiscerning, inane, empty, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) knowing, animated unconscious: (adj) involuntary, unaware, ignorant, unwitting, subconscious, oblivious, automatic, insensible, unintentional, instinctive, senseless. ANTONYMS: (adj) conscious, awake, deliberate, aware, voluntary, intentional, alive, wary unconsciously: (adv) instinctively, unintentionally, unthinkingly, unwittingly, ignorantly, innocently, comatosely, automatically, obliviously, unsuspectingly, inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv) consciously, deliberately, knowingly, purposely unconvincing: (adj) weak, unbelievable, improbable,

342 implausible, feeble, unlikely, inconclusive, lame, unpersuasive, flimsy, farfetched. ANTONYMS: (adj) forceful, influential, persuasive, strong, decisive, conclusive, effective, good, ordinary uncovered: (adj) naked, open, bare, nude, unclothed, bald, unreserved, unprotected, evident, frank, manifest. ANTONYMS: (adj) indoor, concealed undertone: (n) undercurrent, murmur, tinge, nuance, whisper, suggestion, implication, connotation, overtone, association, hint underwear: (n) underclothing, undergarment, lingerie, skivvy, undies, long Johns, skivvies, underthings, ladies' underwear undignified: (adj) low, inappropriate, humiliating, rude, indign, impolite, demeaning, degrading, improper, debasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) dignified, distinguished, polite undiluted: (adj) straight, neat, sheer, uncorrupted, untainted, strong, uncompounded, sterilized, unmitigated, unmixed, unpolluted. ANTONYMS: (adj) diluted, tainted undisturbed: (adj) peaceful, quiet, tranquil, serene, placid, still, easy, smooth, uninterrupted, untroubled, composed. ANTONYMS: (adj) tense, anxious, agitated, bothered, disordered, disturbed, noisy, scared undraped: (adj) nude, stark, unclothed, bare; (v) undressed undressed: (adj) naked, unclad, unclothed, bare, raw, stripped, unattired, unappareled, crude, rough, disrobed. ANTONYMS: (adj) covered, decent undue: (adj) excessive, immoderate, unreasonable, unwarranted, inordinate, extravagant, exorbitant, extreme, unfair, improper, unjustified. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, due, appropriate, sensible, justified, just, fair undulating: (adj) sinuous, waved, undulant, undulatory, curly, apprenticed, zigzag, crimped, curvy, indented, intended. ANTONYMS: (adj) steep, straight undusted: (adj) dirty uneasy: (adj) anxious, fidgety, restless, concerned, nervous, apprehensive, ill at ease, unquiet, awkward, fretful, restive. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, untroubled, composed, relaxed,

A Reflection easy, unconcerned, still, comfortable, carefree, confident, serene unessential: (adj) unnecessary, dispensable, extrinsic, small, not required, needless, extraneous, extra, external, surplus to requirements; (adv) neither here nor there. ANTONYMS: (adj) indispensable, basic uneven: (adj) unequal, irregular, patchy, spotty, erratic, disproportionate; (adj, n) jagged, rugged, harsh, ragged; (adj, v) broken. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, straight, equal, symmetrical, corresponding, balanced, constant, stable, consistent, level, steady uneventful: (adj) eventless, prosaic, humdrum, slow, dreary, indecisive, without any passion, lifeless, uninteresting, general, mere. ANTONYMS: (adj) eventful, extraordinary, memorable, inspiring unexpected: (adj) sudden, abrupt, casual, unforeseen, unanticipated, accidental, strange, unsuspected; (adj, v) unlooked for, unpredicted; (n) surprise. ANTONYMS: (adj) expected, gradual, normal, commonplace, protracted, ordinary, typical, customary unexpectedly: (adv) by chance, suddenly, abruptly, casually, unforeseenly, unawares, surprisingly, unanticipatedly, hastily, strangely, circumstantially. ANTONYMS: (adv) intentionally, gradually, normally, predictably unfamiliar: (adj) strange, new, unaccustomed, unacquainted, uncommon, novel, mysterious, foreign, unidentified, inexperienced, unusual. ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, recognizable, known, usual, experienced, versed, accustomed unfastened: (adj) open, movable, loose, unbuttoned, overt, opened, opened out, slack, undecided, undetermined, assailable. ANTONYMS: (adj) buttoned, fixed, shut, tied unfit: (adj) inappropriate, improper, inapt, unbecoming, incompetent, unable, incapable, unsuitable, bad; (adj, v) incapacitate; (v) indispose. ANTONYMS: (adj) appropriate, suitable, ready, healthy, able, firm, competent; (v) qualify unflinching: (adj) resolute, steadfast, undaunted, firm, unfaltering,

determined, dauntless, intrepid, undeviating, constant, unswerving unflinchingly: (adv) intrepidly, firmly, resolutely, undauntedly, determinedly, dauntlessly, unshrinkingly, bravely, daringly, audaciously, steadfastly unfold: (v) spread, open, extend, develop, stretch, spread out, reveal, display, stretch out; (adj, v) expound, explain. ANTONYMS: (v) fold, block, stagnate, stop, hide, withhold, check, wrap, conceal unfolded: (adj) extended, stretched, outspread, outstretched, widely spread, stretched out, explicate, evolved, displayed, expanded, detailed unfolding: (n) development, growth, flowering, display, recitation, dawn, process, solution, disclosure; (adj) ongoing, duration unfortunate: (adj) inauspicious, sad, hapless, bad, inopportune, disastrous, adverse, deplorable, infelicitous, untoward, lamentable. ANTONYMS: (adj) lucky, auspicious, good, opportune, joyous, timely, appropriate, successful, easy, privileged unfriendly: (adj) inimical, distant, adverse, antagonistic, unkind, cold, inhospitable, icy; (adj, adv) chilly; (adj, v) unfavorable; (adv) hostilely. ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, welcoming, warm, amiable, approachable, sociable, hospitable, kindly, nice, outgoing, pleasant unfulfilled: (adj) wanting, unsuccessful, unsatisfied, unrealized, unrealised, unhappy, dissatisfied, displeased, discontented ungenerous: (adj, v) illiberal; (adj) stingy, parsimonious, miserly, cheap, uncharitable, close, narrow, tightfisted, closefisted, penurious. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, kind ungovernable: (adj) unruly, uncontrollable, irrepressible, intractable, licentious, violent, wild, indocile, uncontrolled, turbulent; (adj, v) headstrong ungraceful: (adj) clumsy, ungainly, graceless, inelegant, stiff, uncouth, maladroit, mean, gauche, unbecoming, unhandsome. ANTONYM: (adj) elegant ungrateful: (adj) unmindful, unthankful, unappreciative, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant, distasteful, displeasing, unkind,

Kate Chopin disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative unguided: (adj) aimless, misguided, aimlessly drifting, directionless, planless, rudderless, unled, unprompted. ANTONYM: (adj) guided unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal, depressed, melancholy, sad, miserable, sorrowful, distressed, disconsolate, infelicitous, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful, satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric, fortunate, contented, joyful, timely, lucky unheard: (adj) aspirated, atonic, deaf, indistinct, involving surds, nonvocal, radical, sharp, silent, surd, irrational unheeded: (adj) unnoticed, neglected, disregarded, ignored; (v) unthought of, unseen, unperceived, unobserved, unnoted, unmarked, unmissed unheedingly: (adv) carelessly, unobservantly, thoughtlessly, heedlessly, inattentively, unmindfully uniform: (adj, v) even; (adj, n) constant, steady; (adj) equal, consistent, same, level, invariable, homogenous, equable, unchanging. ANTONYMS: (adj) varied, assorted, inconsistent, unequal, different, multiform, multicolored, differentiated, unlike, dissimilar, intermittent unimpressionable: (adj) unimpressible, callous. ANTONYM: (adj) impressionable uninterested: (adj) apathetic, listless, unconcerned, cool, unenthusiastic, blas, lukewarm, unbiased, languid, disinterested; (v) used up. ANTONYMS: (adj) enthusiastic, interested, caring, fanatical, committed, keen, concerned, energetic uninteresting: (adj) insipid, dreary, tedious, bland, commonplace, flat, stupid, tame, tasteless, humdrum; (adj, n) dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, fascinating, scandalous, eventful, impressive, charming, brilliant, animated, colorful, lively, special universally: (adv) commonly, globally, ally, everywhere, totally, Catholicly, cosmically, ubiquitously, prevalently, regularly, usually. ANTONYMS: (adv) narrowly,

locally unjustly: (adv) wrongly, wrongfully, wickedly, iniquitously, inequitably, undeservedly, illegally, foully, injuriously, unrighteously, unjustifiedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) rightly, reasonably unkind: (adj) cruel, harsh, unfeeling, inconsiderate, pitiless, heartless, inhuman, hard, thoughtless, brutal, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, considerate, pleasant, friendly, thoughtful, tactful, mild, gentle, generous, flattering, compassionate unlatched: (adj) unbarred, unguaranteed, loose, unlocked, unsecured unlimited: (adj) boundless, unconditional, immeasurable, limitless, endless, absolute, indefinite, infinite, total, measureless, illimitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) restricted, partial, constrained, provisional, small unlocked: (adj) unbarred, unlatched, unbolted, not closed, loose, unsecured, ajar, wide open, unguaranteed unlooked-for: (adj) unforeseen unmanageable: (adj) unwieldy, intractable, uncontrollable, awkward, cumbersome, stubborn, clumsy, bulky, recalcitrant, ungovernable, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) manageable, orderly, wieldy, amenable, biddable unmarried: (adj) unwedded, sole, alone, unattached, individual, separate, celibate, widowed, bachelor, maiden, lone. ANTONYMS: (adj) married, marital, attached, wed, involved unmistakable: (adj) obvious, evident, plain, manifest, decided, palpable, apparent, decisive; (adj, v) unequivocal, positive, definite. ANTONYMS: (adj) vague, unclear, uncertain, indefinite, doubtful, inconspicuous, equivocal unmolested: (adj) undisturbed, untroubled, unthreatened, peaceable, tranquil, still, smooth, safe, quiet; (v) unafflicted, unplagued unmoved: (adj) apathetic, unaffected, indifferent, unconcerned, unimpressed, uninspired, dispassionate, imperturbable, calm, undisturbed, fixed. ANTONYMS: (adj) affected, compliant, uptight, concerned, enthusiastic, tolerant,

343 sensitive unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial, grotesque, supernatural, forced, abnormal, eccentric, uncanny, stilted, mannered, anomalous. ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, normal, real, unaffected, commonplace, genuine, sincere unnecessary: (adj) redundant, gratuitous, needless, dispensable, surplus, pointless, excessive, excess, undue, spare, useless. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, basic, worthwhile, required, indispensable, helpful, justified, essential, moderate, inevitable unnoticed: (v) unheeded, unthought of, unregarded; (adj) disregarded, unmarked, hidden, neglected, ignored, obscure; (adj, v) unremarked, unobserved. ANTONYMS: (adj) evident, seen, noticeable, noted, obvious unnumbered: (adj) numberless, uncounted, countless, infinite, innumerous, untold, multitudinous, myriad, unnumberable, incalculable, unbounded unoccupied: (adj) empty, vacant, unemployed, free, desolate, void, uninhabited, idle, inactive, deserted, abandoned. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, inhabited, overcrowded, solid, working, busy unpleasant: (adj, n) harsh; (adj) disagreeable, obnoxious, ugly, nasty, sour, awkward, repulsive, forbidding, bad, hard. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, agreeable, wonderful, nice, enjoyable, attractive, comfortable, charming, inoffensive, amicable, cordial unpleasantness: (n) nastiness, disagreeableness, horridness, unkindness, awfulness, odiousness, discomfort, disagreeable, spite, offensiveness; (adj, n) ugliness. ANTONYMS: (n) straightforwardness, kindness, deliciousness, delightfulness, politeness, attractiveness unpopular: (v) unacceptable, uncared for; (adj) unwelcome, undesirable, ostracized, unattractive, detested, unfashionable, uninviting, lousy, thankless. ANTONYMS: (adj) liked, desirable unpresentable: (adj) unprepossessing, unseemly unpretentious: (adj) plain, humble, unassuming, quiet, simple, unpretending, unobtrusive,

344 unostentatious, understated, homely, small. ANTONYMS: (adj) pretentious, affected, arrogant, ostentatious, fancy, flashy unprofessional: (adj) unskilled, amateur, unethical, negligent, lay, inexpert, private, informal, ballad, careless, clumsy. ANTONYMS: (adj) expert, skilled, skillful, diligent, strict, trained unqualified: (adj) incompetent, sheer, total, unconditional, absolute, incapable, complete, utter, unmitigated, unfit, perfect. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified, trained, prepared, competent, fit, conditional, indefinite, tentative, capable, incomplete, partial unreal: (adj) illusory, fantastic, fanciful, imaginary, insubstantial, artificial, fictitious, visionary, untrue; (adj, v) ideal, fancied. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, natural, substantial, authentic, ordinary, plausible unreality: (n) irreality, cloud, falseness, imagination, immateriality, pointlessness, uselessness, futility, emptiness, nonexistence, hollowness. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, value, existence unreasonable: (adj) immoderate, undue, absurd, extravagant, excessive, preposterous, exorbitant, illogical, inordinate, irrational, ridiculous. ANTONYMS: (adj) logical, practical, sensible, affordable, economical, justified, realistic, fair, obliging, just, rational unresponsive: (adj) cold, apathetic, insensitive, unaffected, cool, dull, unreactive, chill, dead, unemotional, undemonstrative. ANTONYMS: (adj) enthusiastic, sympathetic, spirited, alive, sensitive, expressive, concerned, emotional unrest: (n) agitation, disquiet, fermentation, disorder, tumult, revolution, ferment, turbulence, commotion, excitement, chaos. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, rest, peace, harmony, calmness, order, accord, stability unscrupulous: (adj) dishonest, unprincipled, unethical, immoral, dishonorable, crooked, unfair, unconscionable, sharp, unconscientious, sly. ANTONYMS: (adj) scrupulous, principled, ethical, honest, moral unsolicited: (adj) unsought,

A Reflection uninvited, undesirable, not desired, not requested, undesired, unasked for, annoying, unwanted, unwelcome, unasked. ANTONYMS: (adj) solicited, asked, invited, requested unsought: (adj) unwelcome, undesired, uninvited, unasked, undesirable, unwanted, unbesought, unattempted, not requested, not desired. ANTONYM: (adj) welcome unspeakably: (adv) indescribably, horrifically, horrifyingly, staggeringly, inexcusably, unbearably, unkindly, unpleasantly, unutterably, offensively, horrendously. ANTONYM: (adv) pleasantly unsteady: (adj) insecure, changeable, dizzy, unbalanced, rickety, unsettled, shaky, unsound, precarious, uneven; (adj, n) uncertain. ANTONYMS: (adj) steady, stable, alert, firm, secure, constant unthinking: (adj) inconsiderate, heedless, careless, mindless, incautious, negligent, rash, imprudent, involuntary, instinctive; (adj, v) unconscious. ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate, considered, cautious, voluntary, careful, caring, discreet, stilted, guarded; (adv) thoughtfully unthinkingly: (adv) inconsiderately, carelessly, rashly, incautiously, mindlessly, imprudently, foolishly, involuntarily, heedlessly, negligently, recklessly. ANTONYMS: (adv) consciously, deliberately, carefully, anxiously, discreetly, sensibly, tactfully, considerately untold: (adj) infinite, incalculable, innumerable, vast, uncounted, unnumbered, unlimited, endless; (v) unsaid, untalked of, unpublished. ANTONYMS: (adj) little, minor, small, tiny, open, slight untouched: (adj) intact, unharmed, unmoved, unscathed, virgin, whole, unhurt, new, impervious, imperturbable, impassive. ANTONYMS: (adj) affected, touched, refined, vulnerable, used, spoiled, partial, injured, marred, tainted, impure untrained: (adj) unskilled, uneducated, inexperienced, green, raw, inexpert, new, unseasoned, unhabituated, untaught; (v) undisciplined. ANTONYMS: (adj)

trained, expert, professional, prepared, accomplished, experienced, mature, educated, competent unusually: (adj, adv) uncommonly, particularly, outstandingly, remarkably, singularly, curiously; (adv) rarely, peculiarly, extraordinarily, signally, abnormally. ANTONYMS: (adv) usually, regularly, typically, frequently, slightly, commonly, ordinarily unwilling: (adj) involuntary, loath, disinclined, averse, recalcitrant, backward, indisposed, grudging, loth, adverse, forced. ANTONYMS: (adj) inclined, amenable, keen, prepared, ready, eager, disposed, agreeable, accepting, happy unwise: (adj, n) silly, stupid, absurd, indiscreet; (adj) imprudent, injudicious, ridiculous, senseless, inadvisable, impolitic, unreasonable. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, prudent, thoughtful, sagacious, judicious, advisable unwonted: (adj) unaccustomed, rare, unusual, unused, infrequent, uncustomary, singular, extraordinary, scarce, unaccountable, remarkable unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base, disgraceful, ignoble, low, contemptible, despicable, ugly, unmerited, unseemly, shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving, valuable, honorable, estimable, reputable upbraiding: (n) chewing out, bawling out, castigation, dressing down, earful; (adj) abusive, reproachful, base, expressing reproach; (v) chiding, admonish uplifted: (adj) high, raised, noble, not inverted, not prone, proud, undismayed, stately, lofty, sublime, animated upset: (n, v) overturn, trouble, disquiet, overthrow; (v) agitate, subvert, perturb, confuse, reverse; (adj) unsettled; (n) disturbance. ANTONYMS: (v) please, soothe, encourage, delight, fail; (adj) pleased, confident, happy, content; (n) peace, happiness upside-down: (adj) upside down upward: (adv) upwards, upwardly, aloft; (adj) overhead, rising, upper, increasing, open, vertical, mounting, upright. ANTONYMS: (adj) descending, downward; (adv) down

Kate Chopin urging: (n) spur, encouragement, prod, prodding, goad, advocacy, spurring, goading, influence, exhortation; (adj) driving usage: (n, v) practice, use, employment, convention, usance; (adj, n, v) habit; (n) method, consuetude, wont, exercise; (v) application useless: (adj) pointless, unnecessary, needless, worthless, fruitless, hopeless, abortive, idle, barren, superfluous, unavailing. ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, effective, competent, convenient, valuable, necessary, brilliant, great, meaningful, usable, worthwhile utilized: (adj) occupied, applied utmost: (adj, n) maximum, extreme, uttermost, furthermost, best, highest; (adj, adv) farthest; (adj, v) supreme; (adj) last, furthest; (adj, n, v) greatest. ANTONYMS: (adj) moderate, worst utter: (v) say, state, speak, breathe, articulate, deliver, voice, pronounce; (adj, n, v) express, declare; (adj, v) tell. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified, incomplete, uncertain, rather, slight; (v) conceal, hide, block uttered: (adj) expressed, express, verbalised, verbalized, vocal, explicit, oral; (v) spoke, quoth, said utterly: (adv) completely, absolutely, totally, entirely, extremely, altogether, expressly, purely, dead, fully, wholly. ANTONYMS: (adv) partly, uncertain, slightly, incompletely, hardly, somewhat vacant: (adj) blank, hollow, unfilled, void, free, unoccupied, bare, idle, expressionless, open; (adj, v) devoid. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, cognizant, overflowing, inhabited, aware, comprehending, animated, solid, expressive, knowing vacantly: (adj, adv) vacuously, expressionlessly, inanely; (adv) voidly, emptily, unoccupiedly, hollowly, unemployedly, thoughtlessly, freely, barely vacation: (n) leisure, leave, time off, recess, break, rest, stay, day of rest, sabbath, dies non, outing vague: (adj) obscure, indistinct, indeterminate, undefined, undetermined, indefinite, uncertain, faint, ambiguous; (adj, v) loose, equivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct, exact, particular, precise, specific, sure, certain, defined, alert, detailed

vaguely: (adv) hazily, faintly, indistinctly, ambiguously, dimly, mistily, unclearly, loosely, shadowily, indeterminately, obscurely. ANTONYMS: (adv) clearly, definitely, unmistakably, exactly, closely, distinctly, alertly, calmly, considerably, intelligibly vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited, fruitless, idle, empty, abortive, ineffectual, unproductive, narcissistic; (adj, v) useless. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful, possible, persuasive, selfless, fruitful, humble, useful, responsible, worthwhile, effective valued: (adj) precious, appreciated, respected, dear, prized, priced, treasured, value, esteemed, loved, beloved valueless: (adj) useless, futile, insignificant, meaningless, null, unvalued, trifling, of no value, rubbish, priceless, refuse. ANTONYM: (adj) valuable vanilla: (n) tang, seasoner, fraud; (adj) mediocre, lackluster; (v) frumenty, grapes, hasty pudding, trepang, ice cream, lettuce vanished: (adj, v) extinct, lost; (adj) disappeared, departed, missing, died out, absent, dead, wiped out, bygone; (v) exhausted. ANTONYMS: (adj) found, living vanishing: (n) disappearance, vanishment, dissipation; (adj) dying, fleeting, momentary, breaking up, declining, diminishing, dissolving, evanescent. ANTONYMS: (adj) thriving, increasing vase: (n) jar, urn, barrel, vessel, container, jug, pitcher, pot, bouquet, bushel vastly: (adv) greatly, hugely, enormously, infinitely, extremely, exceedingly, massively, very, tremendously, highly, colossally vegetable: (adj, n) vegetal; (n) plant, earthnut, fennel, pumpkin, rhubarb, gumbo, truffle, artichoke, cucumber, celery. ANTONYM: (adj) mineral vehemently: (adj, adv) ardently; (adv) violently, zealously, strongly, fervently, passionately, ferociously, fervidly, keenly, intensely, furiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) feebly, gently, impassively veil: (n, v) cover, hide, disguise, mask, cloud, shroud, camouflage; (v) cloak, conceal; (n) curtain, blind. ANTONYMS: (v) disclose, unveil, expose

345 velvet: (adj) velvety, down; (n) profit, gain, velour, velours, revenue, prosperity, receipts, satin, wealth velvety: (adj) smooth, soft, velvet, silky, fluffy, woolly, supple, creamy, delicate, furry; (v) lanate. ANTONYMS: (adj) croaky, watery vender: (n) vendor, dealer, pedlar, hawker, peddler, trafficker, huckster, fruiterer, marketer, tout, packman venom: (n) poison, malice, bane, spite, rancor, malevolence, maliciousness, malignity, hate, bitterness; (adj, n) gall. ANTONYM: (n) affection venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake, peril, attempt, gamble, adventure; (adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation, danger; (v) endanger venus: (adj) the Graces; (n) Urania, narcissus, terrestrial planet, Adonis, peri, solar system, Hyperion, houri, Hebe, genus Venus veranda: (n) gallery, porch, portico, verandah, terrace, patio, stope, stoop, piazza, deck, corridor veritable: (adj, v) real, true, actual, very; (adj) genuine, authentic, bona fide, unquestionable, factual, truthful, right. ANTONYMS: (adj) false, unreal verse: (n) rhyme, poem, stanza, poesy, strain, measure, song, paragraph, clause, couplet, vertex vertical: (adj) perpendicular, straight, erect, standing, plumb; (adj, v) sheer; (n) column, jamb, pillar, scantling, stile. ANTONYMS: (adj) prone, gentle, inclined, parallel vespers: (n) matins, mass, divine service, canonical hour, early evening, Evening Prayer, placebo, religious service, service, nightfall, worship vessel: (n) ship, pot, jar, duct, vas, boat, craft, container, bowl, barrel, canal vest: (n) waistcoat, undershirt, singlet, oilskins, jubbah; (v) invest, clothe, enthrone, endow, put, ordain. ANTONYM: (v) divest vibrant: (adj) resonant, glowing, vigorous, lively, spirited, rich, sparkling, dynamic, resounding, vivid; (adj, v) sonorous. ANTONYMS: (adj) quiet, pale, inactive, colorless, lethargic, lifeless, listless victor: (n) winner, champion, vanquisher, master, champ, medalist, superior, title holder, hero,

346 victorious, skipper vigor: (n, v) energy; (adj, n) intensity; (n) spirit, vitality, force, life, strength, power, might, vim, stamina. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, apathy, frailty, laziness, enervation, inactivity, indifference, illness, lifelessness, sluggishness, tardiness viii: (n) eighter from Decatur, octad, ogdoad, octonary, eighter, octet, octette, eightsome, digit vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low; (adj, v) base; (adj) despicable, ignoble, evil, sorry, revolting, offensive, nasty. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, kind, nice, lovely, lovable, gentle, honorable, good, delightful, admirable, noble vine: (n) grapevine, grape, creeper, vignette, vignoble, potato, gourd, groundnut, haoma, horsebrier, hoya vinegar: (n) verjuice, eisel, crab, condiment, chili vinegar, brine, cider vinegar, acetum, acetic acid, alum violin: (n) viol, bowed stringed instrument, fiddle dock, kit, string virgin: (adj) pure, new, chaste, innocent, fresh, untouched, intact, virginal; (adj, n) vestal; (n) maid, girl. ANTONYMS: (adj) defiled, sullied virtue: (adj, n) merit, excellence, quality, attribute; (n) honor, goodness, honesty, morality, decency, probity, efficacy. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, guilt, vice, peccadillo, sin, dishonor, immorality, evil, demerit, inadequacy, disadvantage visage: (n) face, look, mug, physiognomy, expression, kisser, appearance, aspect, brow, smiler, forehead visiting: (adj) guest, impermanent, temporary, visitant vivacious: (adj) lively, animated, sprightly, vibrant, spry, effervescent, gay; (adj, v) cheerful, active, buoyant, brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, lethargic, listless, compliment, inactive, praise, languid, lifeless, serious, sluggish vivid: (adj) intense, graphic, lifelike, brilliant, rich, live, strong, acute, animated, glowing, colorful. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, bland, light, vague, straightforward, dark, modest, secretive vividly: (adv) brightly, lively, intensely, clearly, brilliantly, graphically, strikingly, dramatically,

A Reflection colorfully, glowingly, severely. ANTONYMS: (adv) blandly, modestly, vaguely vixen: (adj, n) shrew; (n) virago, termagant, fury, harpy, hag, fox, reynard, hellcat, hart, harpy eagle voiced: (adj) vocal, spoken, sounding, articulated, verbal, intonated, express, oral, tonic. ANTONYMS: (adj) surd, silent voices: (n) chorus voicing: (n) articulation, speech void: (adj, n) hollow, null, blank; (n) emptiness, vacancy; (adj, v) vacant; (v) nullify, quash, rescind; (adj) invalid, vacuous. ANTONYMS: (v) validate, sanction, permit, keep, allow; (adj) full, occupied, filled, meaningful, solid; (n) fullness volition: (n, v) will, testament; (n) choice, option, selection, determination, conation, preference, velleity, free will; (v) purpose volley: (n, v) hail, firing, blast, explosion; (adj, n, v) burst, discharge; (n) fusillade, shower, storm, barrage, fire volubility: (adj, n) fluency; (n) eloquence, articulateness, gab, gift of gab, smoothness, communicativeness, readiness; (adj) flippancy voluptuous: (adj) luscious, voluptuary, sensual, carnal, sybaritic, epicurean, buxom, sexy, sensuous, lascivious, erotic. ANTONYM: (adj) underdeveloped vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend, allow, confer, stoop, give, please, bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the goodness, will you vultures: (n) ospreys, hawks, Falconiformes, eagles, caracaras wagon: (n) truck, wain, paddy wagon, waggon, lorry, station wagon, dray, car, chariot, Jagger wagon, beach wagon wailing: (n, v) lamentation, lament, moaning; (adj) lamenting, weeping, crying, wailful, howling, sobbing; (adj, n) bawling; (n) cry waist: (n) waistline, shank, middle, belly, isthmus, hourglass, undersurface; (adj) stricture, middle constriction, neck, wasp waiter: (n) lackey, valet, waitress, attendant, salver, lurcher, counterman, lurker, servant, tray, steward wakeful: (adj) vigilant, sleepless, awake, observant, restless, light, wary, psychologically light,

lightheaded, tripping; (v) wistful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaware, asleep, inattentive, relaxed wakefulness: (n) insomnia, arousal, vigilance, guard, temporary state, alertness, consciousness, circumspection, caution; (v) vigil; (n, v) watch. ANTONYMS: (n) inattentiveness, unconsciousness waking: (adj) wakeful; (n) awakening, wakefulness, consciousness waltz: (n) minuet, valse, tango, tap, polka, ballroom dance, music; (v) trip the light fantastic, zip, oscillate, waltz around wand: (n, v) stick, rod; (n) scepter, verge, mace, pole, baton, sceptre, fasces, rod of empire; (v) staff wander: (n, v) stroll, saunter, tramp, drift; (v) stray, digress, err, travel, roam, deviate; (adj, v) rave. ANTONYMS: (v) settle, stay, think, converge wandering: (adj) itinerant, nomadic, erratic, rambling, errant, migratory; (adj, v) stray, vagrant, vagabond, unsettled; (n) peregrination. ANTONYM: (adj) resident waning: (n) decrease, decline, lessening, ebb, failure; (adj) run to seed, ripe, mellow, diminishing, abating, moribund. ANTONYMS: (adj) growing, thriving, waxing, increasing; (n) improvement wanting: (adj, v) missing; (adj) deficient, lacking, absent, defective, short, failing, insufficient, devoid, poor, incomplete. ANTONYMS: (adj) sufficient, satisfactory, adequate, full, present wares: (n) merchandise, goods, commodities, stock, product, commodity, freight, cargo, ware, refill, shipment warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked warming: (n) thaw, melt, melting, warm, thawing, warmer, heat, heating system, temperature change, radiant heating; (adj) calefacient warmly: (adv) cordially, ardently, hotly, genially, affectionately, vigorously, fervently, zealously, eagerly, strongly, pleasantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) coolly, inhospitably, sourly, disagreeably, indifferently, frostily, roughly, rudely, apathetically warmth: (adj, n) glow, fire; (n) temperature, warmness, passion, fervor, geniality, affection, tenderness, fondness, sympathy.

Kate Chopin ANTONYMS: (n) aloofness, chill, chilliness, coldness, coolness, unfriendliness, hostility, sourness, abruptness, plainness, frostiness wash: (adj, n, v) soak; (n, v) paint; (v) clean, scrub, mop, moisten, lave, scour, bathe; (n) washing, ablution. ANTONYM: (v) soil washed: (adj) wash, cleaner, colored, refined, wet, watery washing: (n) laundry, laundering, ablution, lavation, bathing, cleaning, purification, elutriation, dishwashing, backwash; (adj) cleansing wasting: (n) homicide, atrophy, slaughter, slaying, cachexia, assassination, cachexy, amyotrophy, carnage; (adj) consuming, consumptive waters: (n) Clara Erskine Clement, amnionic fluid, amniotic fluid, body fluid, liquid body substance, Ethel waters, body of water, bodily fluid, boot waved: (adj) undulating, wavy, curly, not dated, undated waving: (adj) flying, aflare, fluttering, flaring, flared, curly, burning, blazing, billowy, palpitating; (n) wafture waxen: (adj) pale, waxy, white, colorless, wan, ashen, yielding, soft, gray, drawn, cereous wayside: (n) edge, curb, verge, margin, shoulder, border weakening: (adj) enfeebling, enervating, debilitative, flagging; (n) exhaustion, decline, enfeeblement, enervation, debilitation, attenuation, attrition. ANTONYMS: (n) strengthening, restoration, improvement; (adj) growing, increasing weary: (adj, n, v) fatigue; (v) exhaust, tire out; (adj) tired, exhausted, fatigued, aweary, beat, languid; (n, v) jade, bore. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fresh, lively, untiring, hopeful, refreshed; (v) refresh, enliven, energize, activate, rally weather-beaten: (adj) gnarled, rugged weave: (v) twine, braid, knit, entwine, interweave, wind, waver, plait, fabricate, inweave; (n) texture. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, unweave, unpick weaving: (adj) lurching, staggering, walking unsteadily, unstable, stupefying, irregular, astounding, unsteady; (n) braiding, creating

from raw materials, aspect weaving weeds: (n) viduity, mourning band, garment, cypress, widowhood, dress; (adj) willow weekday: (n) working day, Tuesday, sat, Saturday, day of the week, feria, Th, Friday, Thursday, Monday; (adj) ferial weep: (v) wail, bawl, lament, sob, blubber, moan, howl, drip, greet, whimper; (n) tear weeping: (adj) tearful, lachrymose, dolourous, dolorous; (n, v) lament, lamentation; (v) wailing; (n) sobbing, tears, cry; (adj, n) howling. ANTONYM: (n) celebration weighed: (adj) determined, deliberate, tared well-dressed: (adj) handsome wharf: (n) quay, harbor, port, pier, waterfront, jetty, nailery, bindery, beehive, basin; (n, v) berth whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence, because, for, why, wherefore, how, then, then thence so, how comes it, how happens it wherein: (adv) in what, in which, where whereupon: (adv) thereupon, hereupon, upon which, at what, at which wherever: (adv) anywhere, wheresoever, everywhere, where'er; (n) anyplace whiff: (n, v) blow, smell, drag; (n) scent, breath, aroma, odor, trace, taste, touch; (v) sniff whim: (n, v) fancy, vagary, humor, freak; (n) notion, impulse, fad, mood, whimsy, thought, idea. ANTONYMS: (n) plan, reality, aversion whims: (n) vagaries, freaks, humor, ill humor, mood, facetiousness, caprices, disposition, temper whimsical: (adj, n) fanciful, eccentric; (adj) capricious, freakish, humorous, changeable, fickle, erratic, wayward, odd, arbitrary. ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable, behaving, normal, serious, predictable whip: (n, v) lash, strap, goad; (v) flog, flagellate, beat, punish, thrash, trounce, stir, wallop. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, return whipped: (v) whipt whirling: (adj) rotary, revolving, dizzy, giddy, lightheaded, rotating, vortical; (n) rotation, gyration, revolution; (adj, n) swirling whisper: (n, v) murmur, hum, mumble, suggestion, hint, inkling;

347 (v) breathe, hiss; (n) rustle, trace, breath. ANTONYM: (n) information whispered: (adj) low, voiceless, unvoiced, nonvocal, weak, unheard, surd, supposed, sharp, thought, quiet whispering: (n) whisper, murmur, susurration, rustle, report, stage whisper; (adj, n) rustling; (adj) susurrant, tranquil, hoarse, susurrous whistle: (v) sing, twitter, hiss, warble, tweet, cheep, chirp, wheeze; (n, v) cry; (n) whistling, tin whistle whistling: (n) whistle, sound, tin whistle, music, pennywhistle, sign, signal, signaling whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for whithersoever: (adv) whatever place, whitherso wholly: (adj, adv) totally, entirely, altogether, quite, exclusively, perfectly, solely; (adv, pref) all; (adv) fully, utterly, absolutely. ANTONYMS: (adv) partially, inclusively, hardly, incompletely, slightly wicked: (adj) bad, sinful, atrocious, evil, vile, depraved, mischievous, immoral, unholy, nasty, naughty. ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, pure, pious, moral, kind, admirable, kindhearted, helpful, decent, assisting, aiding wicker: (n) wickerwork, caning, wood, dwelling, home, osier, piece of work, Wike, cane; (adj) twiggen widen: (v) extend, stretch, broaden, enlarge, increase, spread, distend, develop, dilate, amplify, flare. ANTONYMS: (v) contract, cramp, restrict, shrink, curtail, decrease widow: (n) woman, relict, widower, adult female, widow woman, war widow, nobbled line; (adj) widowed, additional; (v) leave behind width: (n) extent, wideness, size, latitude, length, broadness, distance, dimension, thickness, amplitude, measurement. ANTONYMS: (n) thinness, height, tallness, narrowness wilderness: (adj, n, v) desert; (adj, n) wild; (n) wasteland, solitude, badlands, wildness, frontier, boondocks, backwoods; (adj) Sahara; (v) squandering. ANTONYM: (n) metropolis wiles: (n) deception, trickery, slyness, point of view, influence,

348 deviousness, urging, deceitfulness, deceit, cunning, craftiness willingly: (adv) readily, voluntarily, cheerfully, spontaneously, helpfully, disposedly, actively, openly, obligingly, eagerly; (adj, adv) freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) grudgingly, reluctantly, uncooperatively, unenthusiastically willingness: (n) alacrity, obedience, promptness, receptiveness, receptivity, openness, desire, appetite, happy, volition, aptitude. ANTONYM: (n) reluctance willow: (n) willow tree, black willow, arctic willow, arroyo willow, balsam willow, bay willow, bearberry willow, white willow, silver willow; (adj) mourning, weeds winging: (n) flight wings: (n) insignia, agency wipe: (n, v) rub; (v) mop, clean, towel, brush, scour, scrub, clear, dry, wash; (adj) sponge. ANTONYM: (v) dirty wiry: (adj) lean, muscular, sinewy, fibrous, brawny, stalwart, ropy, thin, supple, vigorous, rough. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, small, tiny, smooth, soft, stout, fat wisdom: (n) judiciousness, knowledge, sapience, sagacity, sense, prudence, discernment, insight, learning, depth, reasonableness. ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, folly, inexperience, ignorance, flippancy, banality wise: (adj) reasonable, sensible, sound, rational, sagacious, intelligent, prudent, shrewd, discreet; (adj, n) knowing; (n) method. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwise, stupid, ignorant, mistaken, illogical, reckless, naive, irrational, dense wishing: (n) wish, want, velleity, option, need, privation, lack, deprivation, deficiency, choice; (adj) desirous witchery: (adj, n) fascination, enchantment; (n) sorcery, glamour, spell, magic, black magic, necromancy, enticement, allurement, temptation withdraw: (v) retire, remove, retract, retreat, abandon, pull out, disengage, draw, cancel, leave, recede. ANTONYMS: (v) propose, give, advance, extend, offer, deposit, remain, engage, allow, permit, stay withdrawn: (adj) reserved, retiring, solitary, indrawn, cloistered, reclusive, uncommunicative,

A Reflection taciturn, unsociable, lonely, shy. ANTONYMS: (adj) visible, forthcoming, forward, friendly, known, sociable, uninhibited, extroverted, seen, approachable, extrovert withholding: (n) detention, reservation, withholding tax, confinement, custody, deduction, deprivation, estrangement, holding, keeping, maintenance. ANTONYM: (n) release witness: (n, v) testimony, attest, evidence; (n) bystander, eyewitness, onlooker, observer; (v) observe, notice, see, view. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, participate, refute witticisms: (n) facetiae wives: (n) woman wizard: (n) necromancer, sorcerer, conjuror, genius, enchanter, conjurer, expert, whiz, ace, warlock; (adj, n) adept. ANTONYM: (n) rookie womanly: (adj, v) effeminate; (adj) ladylike, womanish, female, womanlike, wifely, weak, maidenly, matronly; (v) soft, feminate. ANTONYM: (adj) unwomanly wonderfully: (adv) superbly, astonishingly, terrifically, magnificently, fantastically, marvellously, wondrously, amazingly, excellently; (adj, adv) strangely, famously. ANTONYMS: (adv) awfully, unpleasantly, poorly, abysmally, unremarkably, mildly, horribly, badly, incompetently wondering: (adj) inquisitive, speculative, suspicious wondrous: (adj) marvelous, miraculous, marvellous, astonishing, tremendous, fantastic, phenomenal, extraordinary, rattling; (adv) wonderfully, marvellously woods: (n) forest, woodland, grove, timber, jungle, sir Henry wood, vegetation, timberland, Natalie wood, virgin forest; (adj) wooden wordy: (adj) prolix, windy, lengthy, verbose, redundant, loquacious, talkative, garrulous, rambling, tedious, exuberant. ANTONYMS: (adj) taciturn, quiet workbasket: (n) container, workbox, sewing basket workmanship: (n) craft, handicraft, craftsmanship, skill, accomplishment, performance, acquirement, priestcraft, trade, artistry; (v) handiwork worldly: (adj, adv) earthly; (adj)

mundane, secular, terrestrial, temporal, carnal, sophisticated, lay, profane; (adv) mundanely, temporally. ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, naive, cloistered, religious, unsophisticated, unworldly, unrefined, otherworldly, low, heavenly, immaterial worn: (adj) haggard, tired, tattered, threadbare, ragged, drawn, jaded, fatigued, exhausted, faded, wasted. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, smart, unused, unworn, pristine, original worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj) vile, idle, empty, trifling, void, trivial, cheap, miserable, null. ANTONYMS: (adj) precious, useful, worthwhile, priceless, meaningful, helpful, invaluable, deserving, valid, worthy, substantial worthy: (adj) noble, good, meritorious, valuable, estimable, respectable, deserving, worthwhile, virtuous, honorable; (adj, n) celebrity. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, unrespected, disreputable, mediocre, petty, poor, unimpressive, insignificant, dishonorable, despicable; (n) nobody wound: (n, v) bruise, cut, harm, pain, damage, scratch, stab, sting; (n) injury; (v) offend, injure. ANTONYMS: (v) heal, appease, aid, cure, repair wounded: (adj, v) hurt; (n) casualty, maimed; (adj) bruised, injured, bloody, aggrieved, saddened; (v) stricken, wound, struck. ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected wrap: (v) envelop, cover, roll, wind, shroud, enfold, enclose, drape; (n, v) cloak, swathe; (n) wrapping. ANTONYMS: (v) uncover, undo, unwind, expose, reveal wrapped: (prep) covered; (adj) clothed, draped, rapt, intent, absorbed, engrossed, mantled, packed, immersed; (adj, prep) cloaked wrapper: (n) cover, wrap, cloak, peignoir, housecoat, neglige, envelope, wrapping, covering, dust cover, mantle wrapping: (n) covering, wrapper, envelope, bandage, wrap, swathe, case, packaging, plaster, film, lint wrench: (n, v) pull, jerk, strain, turn, twist, tug, yank; (n) spanner; (v) distort, contort, force wriggling: (adj) squirming, writhing, twisting, wiggly, wriggle, moving, flexible, frisky, pliant, wriggly,

Kate Chopin winding wrist: (n) wrist joint, radiocarpal joint, neaf, gliding joint, fist, articulatio Plana, neif; (v) paw, hand, finger writhe: (adj, v) distort, wrest; (v) contort, wriggle, squirm, wrench, worm, coil, wiggle, thrash, warp writhed: (adj) crooked, writhen, distorted, twisted writhing: (adj, n) twisting; (adj) wriggly, squirming, wiggling, wiggly, twisty, tortuous, snaky, winding, sinuous; (n) twist xiii: (n) long dozen, large integer xvii: (n) large integer xviii: (n) large integer xxiii: (n) large integer xxiv: (n) large integer xxvii: (n) large integer yellowish: (adj) sallow, yellowed, flavescent, xanthous, turning yellow, sensationalistic, jaundiced, luteous, chickenhearted, easily frightened, chicken yield: (n, v) produce, return, allow, give; (v) surrender, concede, submit, give up, grant, cede; (n) output. ANTONYMS: (v) persevere, survive, stand, withstand, repel, reject, prevent, withhold, acquire, oppose, veto yielded: (v) yold, yolden yielding: (adj, v) flexible, pliable, supple, tractable, pliant; (adj) compliant, submissive, soft, obedient, docile; (n) submission. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard, firm, inflexible, solid, rigid, obstinate, stiff, stubborn, unyielding, rebellious youngster: (n) lad, juvenile, kid, child, urchin, toddler, youth, adolescent, bairn, baby, tot. ANTONYMS: (n) adult, elder youngsters: (n) teenagers, young people, youth youthful: (adj) immature, fresh, green, juvenile, vernal, adolescent, childish, new, tender, sappy, beardless. ANTONYMS: (adj) adult, mature, experienced, sophisticated, late

349

350