Magach 6B Gal: M60A1 in IDF Service, Part 1

M60Al IN IDF SERVICE PART 1

MAGACH 68 GAL (M60A 1)

IN ISRAEL DEFENSE FORCES SERVICE PART 1

WriHen by: Michael Mass

Contents:

Editor and Graphic Designer: Rafy Levy All photos are from the author's private collection unless otherwise indicated.

© 2006 All rights reserved to Desert Eagle Publishing Approved by the Israeli Defense forces (IDF) Censorship Bureau Printed in Korea

The Magach Family, Names and Derivatives ............................... 3

The Magach 6B Gal in Action .......................... ......................... 9

The Man and the Machine ...................................................... 20

The Magach 6B Gal in Detail .................................................. 32

The Magach 6B Gal in Detail - Power Pack ............................... 48

Training With The Magach 6B Gal ........................................... 51

Tactical Signs - No One Alike .................................................. 53

Modeling The Magach 6B Gal .................................................. 56

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the following for their support and cooperation: IDF, IDF Armor Corps, its officers and soldiers Lt. Col Ron Karniely, IDF Censorship Bureau Our wives ... for their love and support Gilad Mass for his guidance Chan Kie Lee from Legend Productions JoAnn Sperber for her witty pen

Desert Eagle PUBLISHING

ISBN 0-9788844-1-3

Cover Page- A very mean-looking Magach 68, leaves for deployment equipped with the KMT 4 (Nochri) adapter.

6. An Armor formation that includes aformer Magach 68 Gal (M60Al), left, and advanced Magach 68 Gal 8atash (security) during training prior to deploy­ ment in the security zone on the Lebanese border. The difference between the two tracks is evident in this photograph. Although

the 68 Gal is equipped with an American made T142 track, the 8atash, right, is fitted with a new Merkava 2 track.

NAMES AND DERIVATIVES

THE

~

GAC

he Magach name was given to the Patton tanks used by the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) by General Avraham "Bren" Adan, and the meaning of the name is "Battering Ram." In Hebrew, the meaning of the three letters of the Magach name are: MA-40

CH - 8 (together 48 for M48)

G- for Germany (where the first M48 arrived from).

AMES AND DERIVATIVE THE M48 GROl"P (round turret, round hull front glacis) Magach 3 - The name for all M48Al, M48A2C, M48A3 and all their derivatives before or after the conversions made during their long service, also called "FROG" by IDF soldiers. All sub-versions had the T97 tracks. lilagach 3 tanks have been fitted with the Blazer explosive reactive armor (ERA) modules since the late '70s. Alarger turret basket was installed in 1984, replacing the old small storage basket in the rear part ofthe turret. Also, minor :inprovements were made to the fire control system (CFS). Final configuration of the Magach 3 included the :05mm L7 "Sharir" or the American-made M68 main gun. 3ecause the modified Magach 3 was based on several - d versions of the M48, some tanks had three sets of return ~ Jners on each side of the suspension, while others had five :~':s . The Magach 3 variants took part in the Six- Day War in : ;67, the Yom Kippur War in 1973 and the Peace for Galilee ::;eration in 1982. Magach 5 - The name for more than 100 M48A5 tanks , ~ _plied to Israel by the U.S. govenment in the late '70s. =-.~y were equipped with the low-profile "Urdan" cupola and =- AVDS1790-2C engine that differs from the M48A3 _.. .-mS1790-2A engine by having a new 650 AMP generator, :):npared to the 300-amp generator on the :._:. -2A engines. This new engine also was fitted with larger :~_ coolers and an improved injection pump. fne Magach 5 tanks were equipped with T97 tracks during -.:-.2.ir entire service, and used Blazer ERA modules on the :-.:...-ret and hull. The Magach 5 fleet was supplied to Israel ~ . ::-.~ with many other armored fighting vehicles (AFVs) ~ _:c-, as the M88Al armored recovery vehicle (ARV) , M60 ::"'~.J re d vehicle launched bridge (AVLB), M60Al Reliability :"-~ ~ovements for Selected Equipment (RISE) , Ml09A2 and :--:':.2[S.

=-,e Magach 5 saw operational service during the Peace for

.A. A Magach M48A2C, in service with the Steel Division, fights near Rajah in northern Sinai during the Six Day War in 1967.

Galilee operation, in the eastern part of Lebanon.

THE M60 GROUP' (round turret, flat hull front glacis) Magach 6 - This name represents the original M60 (plain) tanks supplied to Israel during the war of attrition. They saw widespread service in the Sinai peninsula until and during the Yom Kippur War in 1973. Because of massive losses of M60 tanks during the war, many M60s arrived from the United States during and after the war via air and sea transports. Under the name Magach 6, these M60s differed from the early M48s by having alu­ minum road wheels, fenders, air cleaners, stowage boxes and ammunition stowage racks. Their suspension arms also were different. At the time, only a few minor additions, such as gun supports for the UZI submachine gun, were added to the original configuration. All Magach 6 were fitted with T97 tracks and the original AVDS1790-2A engine, coupled with the CD850-6 automatic transmission. The original M19 cupo­ la was used until the low-profile Urdan cupola was installed in the entire fleet. Magach 6R (Reish)- In the late '70s, at same time as the arrival of a large fleet of the M60Al RISE, designated Magach 6B (Bet), IDF ordnance engineers developed a Magach 6 fleet (M60) improvement program, so the tanks would perform like the U.S. advanced Patton tanks. The improvements consisted of installation of a Honeywell hydraulic stabilization system, as well as an upgrade to the turret control-components. In addition to the stabilization system, a 10 HP electrical motor was installed in the hydraulic turret power pack,

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL replacing the 5 HP motor used in the M48 and M60 tanks. Other modifications were made to the traversing gearbox, gunner control, elevating mechanism and other turret- con­ trol components.

The old AVDS1790-2A engine with its 300-amp

First, a 60mm mortar was installed on the turret to the right side of the commander, together with a swivel-arm-mounted machine gun, installed on the left side of the turret for the use by the loader. Two smoke grenade launchers were fitted to the front of the turret on both sides of the main gun and new armored steel housings replaced the air cleaners' alu­ minum housings on the tank fenders. At that time, the Magach 6R was not equipped with a new advanced FCS, which was in the final stages of development. Magach 6Rs participated in the Peace for Galilee operation in 1982.

Magach 6R* (Kochav) - When the new Nachal-Oz FCS was ready to be installed, 100 Magach 6Rs were prepared for the new FCS installation. These tanks were designated Magach 6R*, but were identical to the Magach 6R in all other aspects.

... A Magach 6A (Aleph) , a former American made M60Al Patton tank, in service with the Armored Forces in Sinai (AFIS) in the early '70s. In the years before the Yom Kippur War (Odober 1973), the AFIS consisted of the Sinai Division (252) and the Steel Division (162) . The tank is stil/fitted with the high-profile Mk 19 cupola and the original T9 7 tracks.

generator was not powerful enough, so IDF engineers devel­ oped a program to enable the original engine to have -2C capabilities. The new engine was designated AVDS1790-2AG (-2A with generator). The name for the Magach 6R was based on the RISE's -2C capabilities. Together with the opening of the modification line in the 7100 Central Tank Depot, the Urdan company was asked to develop and manufacture sprocket wheels and hubs that would enable the installation of the all-steel Merkava-style track on the Magach 6. The first 100 Magach 6Rs left the assembling line with the original T97 tracks, sprockets and hubs. The tanks were sup­ plied to the armored units with Blazer ERA modules on the turret and hull, a new larger stowage basket on the rear of the turret, along with other changes and modifications such as supports for the Galil short assault rifles (SARs) inside and on top of the turret. After the Yom Kippur War-and as a result of lessons learned on the battlefield, involving enemy infantry and anti-tank hunters-more defensive elements were added.

Magach 6M (Mem) - After installation of the Nachal-Oz FCS in the Magach 6R and 6R*, the final configuration of the Magach 6 improvement program was designated Magach 6M or Mem. The Magach 6M was externally identified by the thermal sleeve on the main 105mm gun, similar to the one on the Merkava Mk. 1 and 2 variants. Acrosswind sensor mast also was installed in the left rear part of the turret roof. The total program ended in early 1984, after delivering heavily modified and improved M60s to the Armor Corps brigades. Many of the Magach 6R/6R* and 6M tanks were in service with armored units during the Peace for Galilee operation in 1982 and later in the "security zone" in southern Lebanon. Magach 6M Tadach - Aamerican-made M9 dozer kits were installed on 28 Magach 6Ms. These tanks were the only dedicated dozer Magach tanks (Tadach) that were used with a permanent dozer blade. Magach 7- After its long and massive service in the Armored Corps, the IDF improved the Magach 6M's protec­ tion by replacing the ERA armor modules with improved applique sections on the turret and hull, along with newly installed side skirts that were used for the first time on Magach tanks. The new large rectangular shape of the armored turret gave the Magach 7 a unique and threatening appearance; however it reduced the commander's ability to see the tank's margins during maneuvers. The increased weight of the tank caused a reduction in the power-to-weight ratio. Additionally, the tanks were too

NAMES AND DERIVATIVES

.... AMagach 7 on a flat bed of a FH16 Volvo trailer with its gun traversed backward and secured in the travel lock. The box-shaped turret .', evident in this photo, a unique shape among the up-armored Magach den'vatives.

:-.eavy for their already limited 750 HP engines. Magach 7C (Gimel) - As a result of the Magach 7's o':-.ortcomings, IDF engineers designed improvments to the -: :-tk by increasing the existing engine power from 750 to ; ~ o HP the same as the Merkava Mk 1 and 2 tanks. The turret applique armor modules were redesigned, : ~cring an arrowhead shape that enabled the commander ~---:-.?roved control ofthe tank's position during maneuvers.

GRO

to the Magach 6B configuration.

As a result, the Magach 6A finished its career under its origi­

nal designation and started a new service period within the

Magach 6B fleet.

Magach 6B (Bet) - The largest delivery of armored fight­ ing vehicles after the Yom Kippur War resupply arrived in 1978, in what was called the "Brown Deals." Among the many models of vehicles, which included self-propelled guns and armored personnel carriers, were

. (long turret, flat hull front glacis).

Hagach 6A (Aleph) - Shortly before the Yom Kippur War, ::- ~ U.S. government supplied the first long-turreted Patton :::~<s to the IDF. The tanks saw immediate service in the .-_----=.ored Corps units, with their high-profile M19 cupolas in ~- ~ :urrets equipped with the electrically operated M85 .50­ --: :--- 2r machine guns. Together with the Magach 3 and 6 :~~:s , these M60A1s took part in the War of Attrition along ~-_ ~ Suez Canal, and later, in the Yom Kippur War, in the : : ::':-.ern front. .~_-:1o ng the losses of Israeli tanks during the Yom Kippur -';':- :nany were M60Ai tanks. : -.:...ing and after the war, the U.S. government supplied -..: ~ ~F with other M60A1 tanks. Only minor changes and :-_::: ~.2ments were fitted on the IDF M60A1s during their first --c. :.:, ~f service. AU Magach 6A were converted in 1980-81

... This Magach 6M Tadach is on display at the Yad Lashiryon Memon'al Site and Museum in Latrun.

A A 6B Gal leaves an emplacement for a patrol mission. This is the tank of First Platoon commander of the Second Company. He sits high in his cupola, while giving radio instructions to his crew members and other two tanks. A Puma engineers armored personanel carrier is parked in the background. The Magach belongs to the Third Battalion, Second Company. Two short towing cables hang in front of the two frontfenders, aI/owing easy accessibility. The armor shield for the gunner sight is folded up for daylight use, unlike the photos on page 9, where the shield is down.

several hundred M60Al RISE that received the designation Magach 6B (Bet). Compared to the Magach 6A, the 6B included an improved turret-control system with a 10 HP electrical motor, main gun stabilization kit, improved AVDS1790-2C engine, and T142 track with a removable rub­ ber pads. The Magach 6B was immediately fitted with Blazer ERA, Urdan cupola, 60mm mortar and an additional machine gun on the turret. Although the Magach 6B was based on a modern version, the Magach 6M was considered superior because of its advanced Nachal-Oz FCS.

Magach 6B Gal (Wave) - After the Peace for Galilee oper­ ation, the Ordnance Corps decided to improve on the Magach 6B FCS, since it was based on the optical M17 range finder and M13 ballistic computer. The advanced Gal optical system was installed, changing the tank's disignation to Magach 6B Gal. The installation of a new peritelescope forced the construction of new and larger armored housing, which was positioned immediately in front of the comman­ der's cupola. A thermal sleeve also was installed on the original main gun, and a crosswind sensor mast was positioned on the rear left hand of the turret's roof. Some additional modifications were made during the conversion line, noticeably a large stowage basket was installed in the rear of the turret, replac­

ing the original narrow-bowed basket. The Magach 6B Gal was considered a first-line tank for many years, in parallel to the Merkava Mk 3 Baz.

Magach 6B Gal Batash (routine security) - In the late '90s, new threats were identified in the security zone between Lebanon and Israel, caused by the massive supply of state-of-the-art anti-tank missiles in the hands of the Hezbollah guerilla forces. Aspecial advanced armor envelope was designed and installed on the Magach 6B Gal. This armor, which replaced the old Blazer ERA modules, included heavy armor around the turret, roof armor sections and hull front. An armored section was added on the gun mantlet, and new side skirts were installed on special mounting consoles. This unique design gave the Magach 6B Gal, "Batash" as it was caned by the crews, much improved protection and also led to an engine conversion from 750 to 900 HP. Another addition to the armor envelope was the belly armor, which was attached to the front and rear shackles. The Gal Batash had an important role in the fighting in Gaza and Samaria. Magach 6C (6 Gimel) - Among the AFVs supplied by the U.S. government in the late '70s, were M60A3 TIS tanks.

NAMES AND DERIVATIVES

~ Magach 6B Gal Batash inside a tank emplacement in northern Samaria. Note the difference in color between the sandy turret and front hull glacis, compared to the side skirts. New armor on the turret, hull front and the side skirts changed the Magach 5 shape. This tank uses American- made steel road "heels still painted green, in addition to wheels painted sand gray. The tank belongs to the battalion commander and carries five crew members instead of -:;ur.

'JUs tank's exterior was similar to the Magach 6B; the turret and ~: II were the same size and shape. The Magach 6 Gimel (Gimel is equivalent to Cor 3), were fit­ :2d with a smooth American-made thermal sleeve for the main ~'.J1 and a different crosswind sensor mast. A Blazer suite was :..-:unediately installed on the Magach 6 Gimel, but the original ': c'.'led turret stowage basket was never replaced. This tank had a unique American FCS, which was based on ~e XM21 ballistic computer, a laser range finder and a thermal ~.:',:lTIer's sight. A majority of the 6 Gimel tanks used T142 tracks , ':-~',e in service with the U.S. Army, but arrived in Israel with :-:~el (M48) road wheels. The tank participated in the Peace for ~~'..'.;ee operation in 1982, and served afterward in reserve units. :1 Magach AVLB (6 Tagash) - The fleet of M60A1 armored -=":-icle lounched bridge (AVLBs) also known as Tank Gishur or ~~~ash Magach, was produces in a very small quantity. An additional quantity of M60A1-based AVLBs arrived in 1979 :':: ::-:-. the United States. as part of the "Brown Deals." The ~::~::sh tanks have participated in all fronts and battles since the ,:=.::'.y 1970s.

Several years ago, 1M1 developed a dual bridge for the M60A1 .-.'.LB, using the same hydraulic Launcher, and received the :-lame Tagash Tsemed (pair). Magach M88/M88Al (Tachlats) - The IDF had seven gaso-

TWO BADGES OF BRIGADES

OPERATING MAGACH TANKS

Badge of the 401 Brigade, known as "Iron Tracks," former unit of the Regulars 6B Gal tanks. Today the brigade is equipped with the state-of-the-art Merkava Mk 4 tanks.

Badge of the 500 Brigade, known also as "Kfir"(young lion) , unit of the Magach 7 and 7 Gimel tanks.

BADGE OF A BATTAI.ION

OPERA'rING MAGACH TANKS

The "Eshet" Battalion belongs to the 401 Brigade.

The emblem is based on the "PAL-MACH" symbol from

the 1948 War ofIndependence.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

... This Magach 68 Gal is fitted with almost every Gal version feature, including the new Gal FCS as evidenced by the crosswind mast on the turret rear roof, the big gunner sight housing and the thermal sleeve on the main gun. Also visible are the large stowage basket in the rear of the turret and Merkava tracks and sprocket wheels. Only the second road wheel from the front is an aluminum wheel (with ribs); all the others are steel wheels. This is a First Platoon commander tank of Second Company.

T The entire fleet of ARV (Tachlats) is still in active service with the Ordnance Corps, and has undergone several minor modifica­ tions.

"'A Tagash Magach was on display at the Yad Lashiryon Memorial Site and Museum in Latrun.

line M88 heavy armored recovery vehicles in service with the Magach 3 and 6 units in the late 1960s and early '70s. fu; part of a large delivery by the United States, several diesel M88A1 ARVs entered service with the IDF. At that time, the seven M88s were sent to BMY Co. in the United States to be upgraded to M88A1 standards.

'-"

THE MAGACH' 6B GAL IN ACTION

'"

.­ .... . ,.'"

. 68 GaL tanks from two reserve armored units engage in training maneuvers in the northern Negev Desert. The tanks have improvised company and pLatoon

- :: ·ngs. The battalion markings on the main gun are missing on the tank at right. Most of the tanks in the reserve units are fitted with the originaL T142 ::-::::ks and aLuminum road wheels, as seen on this tank. The observation tower is noticeabLe above the trees, enabling training :: - manders to spot targets and identify hits.

... - :: :~alion commander tank of a Third reserve Battalion. No company insignia appears on this tank. It is fitted with two communication -.= - - ::5, since it is a unit commander's tank that operates two separate radio sets. The 60mm mortar, in traveL Lock, is painted sand gray.

.A. A Magach 6B Gal moves in the heavy dunes of the Negev Desert on its T142 original tracks. Afolded stretcher is secured to its leftfrontfender, while the right fender is free of the crew tent that is stowed there only in emergencies. The tank is part of Company Alef (A). Note how the oil that drops from the .50­ caliber on the gun's mantlet and the loader's 7. 62mm MAG, leaves stains of oil mixed with dust under the machine guns.

.A. Side photo of a Magach with the "Nochri" (foreigner) KMT 4 mine roller. Many mine rollers were captured by the IDF during the wars, and entered service with the Armored Corps. The KMT 4 was later copied and manufactured in Israel, and was installed on many tank varieties using special adaptors. Note the red painted service, or special attention points on the KMT 4. A mount for the search light is welded to the upper rear part of the turret basket. This Magach also has folded antennas. Its .50-Caliber machine gun is missing from the coaxial cradle on top of the gun mantlet. This tank belongs to Third Battalion, Second Company (Bet), but it has no other markings.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN ACTION

... :he First Platoon commander of Bet Company, Third Battalion, is ready to move out on a mission. The main gun muzzle is blocked by a plastic cap, to preo-t dust and moisture from entering the barrel. Two towing cables are stored on each front fender, connected to the front shackles. Only the second road -"el is made of the aluminum (with ribs); all others are the M48 steel type that are heavier and stronger.


I

.. Two tanks of Second Company wait on the side of the road far the other company's tanks to join. While the first tank is a standard 6B Gal, the tank behind is fitted with a Nochri mine roller adapter. Note the missing Blazer modules an the lower hull glacis on the front tank and the Merkava tracks.

.. Tank 1 Ale!, (second tank in Company Bet) goes on its mission equipped with the KMT 4 (Nochri) adapter, which is carrying its own identity number plate,

that is not the tank identity number. The front lights were relocated to the adapter close to the center to prevent damage dun·ng a mine explosion, as the big

arms will rotate up and backward. The photo shows some missing Blazer modules on the right side of the turret. The 60mm

mortar is covered in its travel lock.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN ACTION

~ --:?

commander of First Company, Third Battalion during winter training maneuvers in the hills of the Jericho Valley. Compared to the tank in the previous : -:::: chis tank is fitted with all Blazer modules. The tank is also fitted with the early type battering ram (a pushing device), and has an additional portable - "--:.::. stowage box attached behind the commander's position. The left track in this photo is loose because the tank is turning.

L':.

~. - . ~ : Jrnmander of Third

Platoon, Alef Company (First) during training in the Jericho Valley. The tank is in observation position, with the gun lowered to the commander low in his cupola, and the antennas bent. The muddy track and suspension show different colors of turret and hulL The loader's ....::. : :':~o n, rests inside the gap between the Blazer modules and the turret armor. The company's chevron mark is painted on ~. -':: ,-'Je of the turret with a corner partially missing, probably because of a previous replacement of the module to the left. -

; : ·- ; .2,

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

... These two tanks are in a similarfiring positions. While tank 2 Alef (second in Second Platoon) prepares to fire, the 1 Alef photo shows the tank during the very instant offiring. Note the dust clouds in front of the tank and around the suspension components. It is evident that there is 0 difference in the way the tactical plate is painted. While 2 Alef is painted on a black background, the 1 Alef is painted on standard sand gray. The road wheel angles are different on the firing tank compared to the resting tank. The last road wheel in the firing tank is compressed inside (up), compared to the same wheel in the resting tank.

4

Bet (Second) connects the tow cables to the platoon commander tank, marked with the number 2, in preparation to be pulled from the _ ; . ;.0. 'our bed rolls are attached to the right side of the turret. The 60mm mortar is wrapped with cloth, the stretcher is secured on the leftfront - :- : :-)ke grenade launchers are emptied. :.::-" 2

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

~

The commander of First P/ntoon stands low in his cupola. The tank is pushing a KMT 4 mine roller attached by means of a massive adapter. The rollers are tilted in various angles because of differences between the diameter of the bore in the middle of each roller and the main carrying shafts.

~ ;~'#. ..~~.;. ~ . "" .---~";-~-'~:: .. _ • . . • -

......-

. . . .~....;;'

-.--":: -: - ~

..

' '

.' ..

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN AC1'ION

... A tank without markings. A very rare photo of

a reserve unit's Magach 6B Gal without any tacti­ cal markings, during training in the Land Forces

Training Center in the Negev Desert. Only the

"Yanush" white strip is painted on top of the

main gun barrel. It is evident that the road

wheels, which are mounted on trailing arms, are

in different heights because of the terrain.

.... The commander of 20 Gimel stands high in his

turret, for better observation without exposing his

tank silhouette above the position. In the back­ ground, a high-level commander in

his SUFAjeep observes the hits on the metal tar­ gets spread throughout the training area i

n the Jericho Valley. The sandy terrain is criss­ crossed by the many Magach tanks on the train­ ing field, with the Merkava style tracks.

:_- : Ciatoon of the Bet Company, Third Battalion, entering the combat formation convoy .- ,- :: :he final training destination in the Negev Desert. The tonk's tactical marking is point­ =:: _- : =5 of the turret baskets. The chevron sign of the Bet Company points forward, and the _---,..~- _"'-:: -e on the right rear fender and the three white strips on the main gun indicate that this - =- = -i7ird Battalion. The tank number also is marked in white on the left rear fender in vari­ _ -_.~ - ,-: fonts. Two different road wheels types are visible --.,; _-,--.~ and six locations of the tank in the foreground.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO.1 -

MAGACH 6B GAL

i I

T Armored Corps units feature extensive engineering equipment, which is used by tank crews without support of the Engineer Corps. This is a good example of a Magach with Nochri, practidng a pass over a "Meyshar" bridge, while its turret is traversed to 9 o'clock for better obselVation of a narrow pass. The tank is missing some of its weapons, such as the 60mm mortar, and its .50-caliber machine gun. The front main lights are missing as well. The commander's personal stowage box, just behind the cupola, is secured to a rectangular support.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN ACTION

- ' _~gach 6B Gal in an attack. The com­ - _-~ ,,- of First Platoon with its Nochri KMT - ~-:? close tank, and his -...::: -:: ~ank commander in the second tank. - ~ __,) t of the turret Blazer .: __ 2S and the angle of the smoke _ '- -::::~ launcher are clearly seen in this _ ____-_'1Iis is a typical scene in the ~ _ ,, 17

Negev Desert during

~

- _~ w otion of three Magach tanks - -- /"g to the First Platoon, Second - ________ :: / Third Battalion. The tank to =- _::; - :ght, is equipped with a pair of - j ~o be used to connect a "Meyshar"

ny of a Second Battalion unit watch a tank in the

•= a significant dust cloud in <. instant offiring. ;~ush strip" is visible on the :_~ F e gun-painted in insignia

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

DT E

The tank crew, right, performs an "on the tank" procedure. As the driver (second from right) and gunner (far left) are the first ones to enter the tank, they are pushed by the com­ mander and loader. Crew members wear Nomex gloves and the latest design of tank crew vest with flat water bottles mounted on the chest for easy drinking.

'Y One, two, three and up. The tank's main gun is traversed to 10 o'clock to allow the driver easy access. Several items are missing from this tank, including the 60mm mortar, the spent cartridges bag from the .50-caliber machine gun, and the front upper small Blazer module on the turret.

-;- ~ :ommander smiles in his position, with half of his body exposed. The commander's hatch is secured in vertical position, while the loader's hatch is backward. The metal parts for mounting and securing the missing 60mm mortar are clearly visible. This photo offers a view of the scissors-type .~- the commander's machine gun, typical of all Urdan cupolas installed in the entire Magach fleet.

- ~ " -=is

-­ : '"'ier leaves his hatch. The tank belongs to the First Platoon commander, evidenced by the rectangular canvas plate with the number 1 on the - : . = ~urret basket. The chevron mark is hand'painted on the turret side Blazer modules, indicating Second (Bet) Company. The bolts and texture of - : : "ies are clearly visible.

2

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

THE MAN AND THE MACHINE

~

Many details of the turret are visible in this photo ]s the tank commander pulls out the gunner during a -::aining exercise. To the left, the .50-caliber coaxial - achine gun is mounted on the xenon searchlight : ;;/1 mounts. The ammunition box support, with its e-ght-reducing holes, and the remote operating :'es are wrapped araund the machine gun. The main ; _ 's accardion-shaped dust cover is not concentric :: - e barrel, but sloped down because of its own ="jht. Most ::.:_:: model manufacturers that are not attentive to :--=shape of the dust cover.

:ower photo with the turret traversed to the ; : --: o'clock), shows the crew members using the -.; - stretcher, stored on the front left fender, to - ::" one of the crew members. Different helmets ___-=: by the crew members, and different road _-: _- : e used on the tank. A mockup _--:D, is visible in the background. It is also is -': -medevac training.


.6 The tank commander assists one of his crew members to improve the connec­ tion of his VIC 1 harness. The commander is connected to the tank's system by means of aflexible harness that allows him to listen to the communications network during preparations. The gunner's sight housing is wide open, showing its dual objective for daylight and night elbows_

.... A platoon commander stands high in his cupola, broadcasting his instructions via the VIC 1 intercom system. Four 7. 62mm ammu­ nition boxes and the mastfor crosswind sensor are located to the right of the short white antenna. Tank commanders use col­ ored flags for silent signaling, including the white and blue flag in front of the cupola.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 6B GAL

~ A closeup of a tank crew member helmet shows his microphone and harness, while the securing belt is unfastened.

T One way to improve the tough life of a tank crew membe is using the turret basket for hanging a hammock and using the basket as a roof Items stored in the basket are visible through the uncov­ ered structure. (Photo source unknown)

THE MAN AND THE MACHINE

.... A moment of rest during training. Two crew members of the Bet tank, Third Battalion relex near their tank, while other members fix gear stowed in the basket. Tactical markings of this tank are clearly painted on three identical cloth square plates on all sides of the basket.

... A Magach 6B Gal of the Eshet (Steel) Battalion is in its final approach of loading on a tank transporter trailer towed by a FH16 Volvo trailer. Only an armor officer is permitted to direct the loading or unload­ ing of a tank on a transporter. This officer wears a T-shirt with the Eshet emblem. The chipped paint on the road wheels is caused by friction with sand and stones.

2

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

... The commander helps the loader prepare the machine gun before a training session. There are many details in this closeup. Two Blazer modules are missing on this tank, under the gunner's sight. ... On the next page, the .50-caliber machine gun is prepared before the move. The .50-caliber Browning machine gun must be cocked before leaving on a mission, since there is no accessibility to the machine gun during tank operation. This coaxial machine gun is mounted on the same loca­ tion as the mounting for the large coaxial search­ light. ~ An

officer of the Eshet Battalion (note the patch on his chest in the inset) directs the loading of a tank on a tank transporter. Normally, all loaded tanks are without antennas, machine guns and mortar, and the turret is traversed to 6 o'clock with the main gun secured in travel lock, as seen in this photo. The first axle of the trailer is elevated during the loading.

THE MAN AND THE MACHINE

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 6B GAL

... Atank commander searches for targets, while the loader (closest to the camera) keeps an eye on threats from close range. The commander's 7. 62mm MAG is the model without the stock, while the loader's MAG has one. The MAG's ammunition is fed directly from the housing without using its box. Also, the Blazer modules on the front turret glacis fit very tight to the turret's surface.

II

I

... Preparations before a mission are the normal day-to-day activities of the tank crew. Members of the Lahav (Blade) Company, the Second Company of the Eshet (Steel) Battalion, load small orms ammunition, as well as 105mm rounds. The antennas are bentfor low visibility, and the commander's helmet is slumped on his machine gun.

THE MAN AND THE MACHINE

.... Better to have a nap in the basket than to spend time in organizing the gear on the turret. Note the mounting tubes for signaling flags to the right of the commander's cupola, and the leaf springs that seen through the hinge of the loader's hatch. The mast to the soldier's right is the crosswind sensor, typical of the tanks equipped with Gal FCS.

.. This Magach 6B Gal with Merkava tracks has many mark­ ings. Although it is marked as 11 Gimel on the turret basket tactical markings, it is evident that the tank was 1 Bet, as marked in white on the black painted brake adjustment cover to the left of the central towing pintle. Sometimes, tanks have participating roles under different tactical markings. This tank belongs to the Third Battalion, as marked in white on the black painted brake adjustment cover, to the right of the central tow­ ing pintle, and the digit 3 in a circle, painted on the right rear fender. The brigade marking is painted in white an the n'ght rear fender to the left of the battalion insignia. The tank num­ ber is painted on the left rear fender (818555) and also welded .- : _:-on letters under the left taillight. There are four rear towing shackles in every Magach 6B. The two smaller inner ones are original Patton equipment that - ~- ~ /160 towing cables. IOF added two welded brackets with two Merkava pinties, to enable the use - ~~
/: /

-,_\~~:"'. .

.'

~~. . . . ,.....rf l !lll-l'

. _".. . . ... f l "

I J~· ~

~

.

..

/

I

IOF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 6B GAL

... Compared to the Merkava style tracks that are based on links and pins, the American-made T142 track links are connected in three locations-two end con­ nectors in each side of the link and a track guide in the center_ Connecting or disconnecting a track, such as the T142 (with rubber pads) or T97 with chevror.­ molded rubber, requires substantial work. Aspeo"al track adjuster is used to reduce the tension on the link connectors and release the bolts. The track adjuster also is used to reconnect the two track ends. In the photo at left, the large wrench, known as the "pocket wrench " is used to release or tighten the hexagon bar behind the idler wheel, increasing or relieving the track's tension.

Track tensioning mechanism

~ Photos on the opposite page depict a track replacement competition between tank crews. After releasing the track tension, the track adjuster is connected to the section between the idler and firs: road wheel. The two end connectors center guide and track adjuster are removed, leaving the two track ends disconnected. The tank is then driven in reverse on the power of the connected track. To reload the track end on the sprocket wheel assem­ bly, the tank crew uses a speo"al rope connected to the track end and wrapped around the sprocket. The rotation of the sprocket along with the tank's forward motion, lifts the track end and pulls it toward the idler wheel and the other track end. Thi, activity requires substantial practice and coordina­ tion between the driver in his compartment, the soldiers with the rope and the tank commander.

'rHE MAN AND THE MACHINE

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO.1 -

GA H

MAGACH 68 GAL

G L

The installation of the GAL (wave) fire control system on the Magach 6B led to some changes in the turret layout. The most significant was a new armored housing that was built for the gun­ ner's day-and-night sight, enabling the installa­ tion of the large peritelescope head.

~ Several versions of this housing and its protec­ tive covers are used, some include a slot for the daylight channel and some do not. In some ver­ sions, the two protective covers can be secured in the open position using locks. The germanium coating on the night-vision peritelescape, also known as the elbow, reflects like a mirror, showing the photogropher.

~ Personal gear and tank accessories must : stowed properly to allow optimal field of vision, accessibility and added protection : the crew. This photo shows several pieces of equipment, including, from left, the infrarec and laser detector mast, crosswind sensor masts, a support for four 7. 62mm ammnitic boxes and spare track links.

_

J

_ _ _--'----'..a.u. _ _ _

... The arrangement af the rear sectian af turret's roaf includes, fram n"ght, the crosswind sensar mast, sup­ part far faur ammunition boxes, bracket for small BeF extinguisher, antenna mount and a rectangular brack­ etfor the platoon commander's personal stowage box, which is mounted above the turret ventilating blower.

.. A better view of the left rear side of the turret,

where the infrared and laser detector mast is missing.

The location is covered by a round plate. On this tank,

a 20-liter plastic water jerry can is mounted inside the

basket, along with spare

track links.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

These photos offer three views of the main gun mantlet and surrounding items. The Blazer mod­ ules are not installed on the gun mantlet, expos­ ing its metal support. The three ball-mount is assembled in the center, above the gun barrel. This mount was used on Patton tanks for con­ necting heavy searchlights, but is used in IDF Patton tanks for the coaxial .50-caliber Browning machine gun. ~

-

.

'I ... ~ To the right and left of the gun mantlet are two smoke grenade launchers, installed using angled, welded brackets. The steel tube behind each launcher guards the electrical wiring harness. The box-shaped launchers are normally covered by dust covers that can be opened using a zipper. The upper side of the front section of the fenders stores special gear. Astretcher is usually stored on the left fender, while a crew tent is stored on the right fender in wartime only.

--".

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL .... The foldable stretcher is stored and secured on the left front fender. The unique main light guard and the triangular Blazer modules also are visible on the left hull side.

T In the center photo, the Blazer ERA modules are installed on the gun mant/et. The layout of these armor sections leaves access to the gun mantlet's lifting eyes and three ball-mount for the .50-caliber Browning machine gun.

T The two photos below show the smoke grenade launcher. A round cover under the right launcher allows access formainte­ nonce of the FCS resolver of the Gal.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

~ The Urdan cupola is comprised of an steel armor body and hatch. It is a low-profile cupola with three periscopes that is assem­ bled in the same location as the original M19 Amen·can- made cupola by means of an adapting ring. The hinges on the hatch are split in the center and consist of internal leaf springs. The two tubes on the left store signaling flags used by the commander. The communication set channel selection box can be seen in front of the cupala, for easy access by the commander. 1/

I•

I

I

I

I

. i

• ... The loader's hatch and access is the same original item, but with a grab handle and a securing handle that enables locking the hatch from the outside while in closed position. The antenna and its base and the loader's machine gun are visible. This photo also reveals the space between the Blazer modules and the turret.

~ Although the large stowage basket in the rear of the turret is used mostly to carry the crew's gear and accessories, many special supports are attached inside for storing and securing jerry cans, spare track links, signaling smoke boxes and other items.

..

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL

These photos show the rectangular large stowage basket welded directly to the turret armor. The basket structure consists of a mix of large tubes, flat vertical bars and round thin bars that are welded horizontally to create a cage.

I

.... The "Gimel" tactical insignia is painted in white with black "shadow" on a sand gray background. More information on tactical insignias and other markings appears on page 53.

~ The commander's machine gun is mounted on a scissors-type cradle and mount that can be easily elevated or traversed while located at 2 o'clock in the cupola's outer ring. Note the tip of the 60mm mortar.

T A close look at the scissors-type mount for the commander's machine gun, adapted to the Urdan Cupola. The 7. 62mm machine gun is known as MAG Chashan (Armored Corps MAG). This version does not use a stock. Colors of the machine gun parts vary from polished steel to a blue-black coating.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL

7. 62mm ammunition box support

MAG universal cradle

Swivel mount for the /

/ The MAG is secured to the cradle by two special pins.

commander's light projector.

Adjustment locks

Commander's sdssor-type mount

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO . 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

The loader operates two MAG machine guns. One is the internal coaxial, left of the main gun breech, and the other is an external MAG, mounted on a swivel arm, as shown in these photos. Two versions of the MAGs are shown: the MAG Chashan (Armor Corps MAG), above, and the version with a stock, below. The loader's personal weapon, a Glillon, can be seen tucked between the Blazer modules.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL

7.62mm ammunition box support

MAG universal cradle

The MAG is secured to the cradle by two special pins.

"Male" pintle

Loader's swivel arm and monunt

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

I,

I

I I j

I

.. The coaxial .50-caliber Browning machine gun is mounted above the main gun mantlet. The unique use of the. 50-caliber as a coaxial addition­ al firing option was designed for saving l05mm ammunition for training roles. This heavy machine gun was used for simulating the use of the main gun, but with less expensive ammunition, both in static and on-the-move firing. In static firing, the shooting trains soldiers in the use of observation and aiming equipment, as well as calibration of the equipment together with the main gun, also called sights adjustment. The .50-caliber machine gun also is used in static range for training the crews in a "Mataz" (sub­ caliber range). Additionally, the Israeli Armored Corps used this heavy machine gun against soft targets when the use of the main gun's ammunition is not necessary, since the quantity ofthe l05mm rounds is limited. The commander uses several remote operation solutions for the machine gun that do not require access to cock and feed the ammunition belt. In this picture, the mechanical solution is fitted, so the commander can operate the firing mechanism by pulling the ropes connected to the trigger.

Mechanical cocking handle

... An electrical solenoid device was developed to fit into the same adapter/ holder, for more con­ trolled operation.

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL

7J e mount for the .50-caliber Browning Machine gun is connected to two out of the three ball mounts that are bolted on almost every Patton gun :- :let. Since this machine gun is used both, for training and for combat firing, the accuracy of the mounting is very important.

.... The adjustable front "U" shape mount, is used for adjusting the height during sight and gun adjustment. The .50-caliber machine gun is easily connected to the mount by two pins and secured with chains.

- ~Q nvas bag for spent cartidges is -:= _ed over the metal frame and fas­ -0: : ...ith push buttons.

.50-caliber ammunition box support

.. The 60mm mortar was installed as a defen­ sive weapon on IDF tanks as a result of lessons learned dun'ng the Yom Kippur War in 1973, where tanks were attacked by enemy anti-tank hunting squads using mis­ siles and rocket-propelled grenades.

~ The

mortar is positioned outside the turret, to the n"ght of the commander who operates it. The mortar is clamped in its travel lock and mounted on the ball mount.

~ The mount and supports for the mortar are welded to the side of the turret in a special location that is free of Blazer modules.

4

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL Unlike the eastern bloc's tanks, mainly produced by the former Soviet Union, the Patton-based tanks, and the M60Al/3 in particular, are roomier and offer more comfort in the fighting compartment. Although it is not very convincing in these photos, the turret-control components are easily accessible to the tank commander and the Gunner. these components are located to the right of the main gun. The additional new GAl FCS components are easily seen in these pho­ tos.

Commander's position: 1. Control box for smoke grenade launchers 2. M17Bl Coptical range finder, used as a

backup to laser range finder

3. SAFE Spectronics Infrared/Ultraviolet

detector, part of the extinguishing system

4. Commander's control grip 5. Manual/hydraulic traversing no-back device 6. Commander's FCS Gal, control box with

protection cage

7. Traversing gear box 8. Hydraulic traversing pin lock

The gunner's position: 1. Main gun and coaxial machine gun switchbox 2. Gunner control for hydraulic elevation and traversing 3. Manual traversing handle 4. Stabilization control box 5. Gunner's FCS Gal control box 6. Red button measures distance to the target by laser range finder (LRF)

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

Gunner's position: 1. Optical splitter from gunner's sight to allow the commander access of sight 2. M68 105mm main gun 3. Small Nitrogen reservoir allows smooth hydraulic movement of the turret and gun 4. Manual elevating hydraulic pump 5. Gunner's hydraulic controls 6. Red button measures distance to the target by laser rangefinder

Gunner's position as seen from Loader's position: 1. M68 105mm main gun cradle. 2. Breech operating handle. 3. Firing pin location 4. M68 105mm main gun breech block to the left of gunner's position 5. Main gun right-hand shield 6. Gunner's position

MAGACH 68 GAL

THE MAGACH 68 GAL IN DETAIL

~ : ecial

metal connecting rulers are welded to the front upper glacis on T55, T62 and other models to connect the original mine roller to Soviet tanks. A modular adapter was designed for the KMT4 on IDF tanks. Using this adapter on Blazer-fitted tanks, like the Magach and Shot-Ka/, required no special "- : (J tions, other than the removal of the Blazer modules from the hull front. The adapter for the Magach 6B Gal can be fitted to all Blazer Magach tanks, - :;5 the Magach 6B, Magach 6B Gal and the Magach 6 Mem (M60) , with a straight "leading edge" on the hull. The main lights have been relocated and _'oned in the center of the adapter. ~'J (

~

: :iJri (KMT4) is connected to two long rulers on both sides of the main ~ - = our connectors are used in the lower part of the adapter.

This profile photo shows the structure of the adapter. Its design adds protection to the front hull front since the blazer modules are removed.

47

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO.1 - MAGACH 68 GAL

THE

GACH 6

GAL Oil coolers

The Magach 6B arrived with its American­ made original power pack, which consist­ ed of a 12-cylinder diesel air-cooled engine, Teledyne Continental Motors (TCM) model AVDS1790-2C. It was cou­ pled with an automatic transmission, Allison model CD850-6A.

d

Rear cooling Fan cover

Starter relay

Front cooling fan cover

--~ ,.

Intake manifold

cylinder heads

... Open doors reveal access to the CD850-6A transmission. When the friction bands for steering and braking show signs of wear; the brakes can be adjusted after opening the two black rectangular access panels to the right and left of the center towing pintle. The two exhaust tubes, insulated by silver covers, are visible on both sides of the transmission. Several Blazer modules were removed from the turret to allow easy removal of the engine deck and the power pack itself.

IN DETAIL -

POWERPACK

L

-:'J e engine deck is removed and grills are open in this top view of the power pack and the engine compartment. The two circles in the center are cooling -.:, while the triangular structure is the engine's cooling shroud. The intake hoses from the air cleaners to the turbocharger are visible on both sides of the ':fle, as are the electrical connections.

.A.

power pack is mounted on its special stand durind serice or storage. Several major components are visible: (1) the right turbocharger, with its cold-air -=--: :aped with a red seal, the engine's oil cooler (2) and the transmission oil cooler (3). The right exhaust tube, insulated by a silver cover (4) is visible.

... - -2

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

[,

.. This photo shows the Allison transmission with its right hand hydraulic braking pump (1), the right-hand universal spiderjoint between the transmission and final drive (2) and the right and left exhaust pipes (3 and 4). The two rear transmission mounts also are visible (5 and 6) .

.. This photo of the rear of the power pack shows the transmission and reviles verious stencils applied at the Armor Corps Central depot. This Magach 68 transmission was repaired and tested in depot 650 in 1997. the stencils below are REAR on left and LOW on right.

TRAINING WITH THE MAGACH 68 GAL

TRAINING WITH THE MAGACH 6B GAL

... The IDF uses a unique hands-on method in basic tank crew training and in the training of tank and platoon commanders, The instructor's chair is also " own as "Kise Gannan," or the teacher's chair (as in kindergarten teacher) . This special armored seat is fitted and secured on the top left side of the turret, :~h ind the loader's hatch.

~ The

chair is mounted and secured ith a special adapter behind the loader's -!Jtch. The instructors, seated high above : e tank crew, stay outside the line ofsight ::J enable optimal : Jservation capabilities for the :Jmmander trainee.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

The seat also is secured by a chain in the back rest and connected to the rear of the loader access with an adapter. The last three num­ bers of the tank 1D number are marked on the rear of the seat, as is the company name-''Alan'' (Oak) - for A Company.

52

1

TACTICAL SIGNS -

The IDF has used the same markings for many years and keeps them as simple as possible. The military markings on IDF combat vehicles have changed and evolved in various ways since 1948. Air identification panels, fonts and numbering systems have evolved as well. There also are numerous unit symbols that may be visible on vehicles. The accompanying chart reveals the tacti­ cal signs and their meaning.

NO ONE ALIKE

Notes

Tactical Sign

Company

Chevron points down

\1

First

Chevron points toward front of the vehicle Chevron points up Chevron points toward rear of the vehicle

- ----,

--,

Second

Third

Fourth Fifth

, s s

o

L!"\ \0

;1 •

650mm

•

53

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO.1 -

MAGACH 68 GAL

A The number of strips on the main gun and a small number on right rear fender indicate the battallion number. In this case, the three straps indicates Third Battalion. Black shading is painted on the right, or inner, part of the strap. The "Yanush" strap is painted white on top part of the main gun, and serves as a rough position of the gun in night­ time for direct aiming. It was named for Brigadier General Yanush Ben-Gal, commander of 7th Armored Brigade dur­ ing the famous night battle in the Valley of Tears, on the Golan, during the Yom Kippur War.

-
The brigade is indicated by a small brigade mark on the left front fender.

T The photo perfectly illustrates tactical markings in the IDF. A chevron mark on the two turret sides indicates the company number. The mark also appears on the side skirts of certain tanks. The platoon number is marked on three sides of basket or turret (rear, right and left), indicating a number and a letter. The number 1, indicates a platoon , commander, 1 Alefis the second tank in the platoon, and 1 Bet indiactes the third tank. An additional Hebrew letter is added to the platoon number to denote the tank's hierarchy in the platoon.

J

..... . J __

--

TACTICAL SIGNS -

NO ONE ALIKE

A The Tsadi number serve as an identity number or a "license plate number" and is painted in large type on the left rear fender.

There are few markings on the IDF armored

fighting vehicles. Tank crews

try to add a personal touch, within the reg­

ulations. Many types of fonts are

used for the painted "Tsadi" (~) number on

rear fenders. Different sizes and style of

fonts are used and are visible in the various

fenders and markings on this page.

~ After the Yom Kippur War, all IDF AFVs were

also marked with welded numbers on front and

back of the hull, due to difficulties in identify

burned tanks.

A Besides the tank Tsadi number and battalion insignia, crew members add moral markings, shown above. One reads: "The guys. " ':4 company that is a iream" is marked on the back of the oil can's stowage box. Another examples are the tank silhouette, and the ':4lon," or oak, for A company :n the same location. ~ Other examples uses a simple number inside

a shield or a silhouette to mark the battalion,

in this cases, 1st and 2nd battalions.

The rear fenders are partially painted in black. The

height of the painted area is not identical in all

tanks on in this page.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO.1 - MAGACH 6B GAL

To model the Magach 6B Gat we used the Academy TA 972 IDF MBT M60Al Blazer as a base kit; however every M60 kit in the market can be used. The model has two options: the Magach 6B Gat at right with the Blazer armor on the front Glacis, and a tank with KMT 4 "Nochri" adapter on the front. AU the resin parts are gray. The assembly of the kit is straight­ forward.

thickness than any other Blazer armor sets in the market. Some care is necessary when treating them to avoid damage to the thin resin edge around the blazer armor. The Blazer armor also is avail­ able as a separate kit (LFlll0).

This kit's fully detailed .50-caliber Browning machine gun for IDF MBTs comes with the later mount version and includes parts for the remote trigger device and a canvas bag used to collect the spent cartridges. This kit is also sold separately as a set of two machine guns under kit LFll07. For better reference, see photos on pages 42 and 43.

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 - MAGACH 68 GAL

.... The Magach 68 Gal conversion kit includes this accurate scissors-type commander's mount with a light projector and a "MAG Chashan. " Also included is a detailed 60mm mortar. The above photo on the right offers another view of the .50-caliber 8rowning machine gun with the later mount version, with the remote tn'gger device and a the canvas bag to collect the spent cartridges.

Magach 68 KMT "Nochn'" adapter (LF1109)

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 61 GAL

Painting the Magach 68 Gal: 1. Before the basic color is air-brushed, air brush Mr. Resin Primer Surfacer all the resin parts to ch eck for surface defects and dust and to create a good base for the next step, acrylic paints. Paints used in this model:

Tamiya XF-1 (Flat Black), XF-2(Flat White) , XF­ 25(Light Gray), XF-62(Olive Drab),

XF-65(Field Gray), XF-49(Khaki),

XF-59(Desert Yel/ow), XK-57(Buff)

XF-7(Flat Red), XF-64(Red Brown) and

X-11 (Chrome Silver) to be finshed with

various pastels.

2. Air brush the entire model with the IDF AFV

basic color made from XF-25, XF-62 and XF­ 65, mixed in the following ratio: 6:3:1.

3. The first step in the weathering stage is to

add a few drops of XF-1 to the basic color. Then dilute and airbrush it to make the shad­ ows and give the model depth.

MODELING THE MAGACH 68 GAL

4. Dry brushing is divided into three steps:

A. Basic color and XF-25: Drybrush the relatively flat and wide areas in the turret and hull. B. XF-25: Drybrush the parts, adding heights to the Blazer armor, cupola and other raised parts. C. XF-25 and XF2: Drybrush the highest parts in KMT adapter and instructor's seat.

5. Painting of various canvas (turret basket,

smoke discharger covers, mantlet cover and

instructor's chair cushions):

Use XF-49 as the basic color, followed by dry­ brushing with XF-59. For the second stage, dry­ brush XF-57 followed by a final drybrush with a

mixture ofXF-57 and XF-2.

6. Painting of the track: Use XF-l as basic

color. Then apply diluted XF-64 to depict rust. Finally, drybrush the surface of tracks and teeth of the sprockets with a small amount ofXF-ll. This must be done carefully to ensure that the color is not too intense. 7. Paint the markings using XF-2, adding a small amount of XF-59 to give a natural tone. 8. Using a small brush, paint the small parts

and remaining detail parts. 9. To add accents, paint some small parts (like

the hoist and some parts of KMT adapter) red (XF-7). XF-2 should be used first to attain the proper color.

10. Mix various pastels (mainly earth tones, var­

IDF ARMOR SERIES NO. 1 -

MAGACH 6B GAL

ious browns, black and yellow) and carefully apply them to tracks, wheels and to the overall model to depict dust, sand and rust. 11. Apply clear or top coat to protect the pastel and create an even tone.

DESERT AEGLE PUBLISHING

For years, modelers :.:.~ ''':~:: .o~~.- _:~:...:~ -·',0:0 ~2p;ived of real information and p~=~=, :c >::< . .o::~ ::-~,-=2=c.use of security restrictions and cer.s=:,C-..:.~ ~: _~_o, :c ~c-.c :sraeli Defense Forces (IDF). Now, as a res-..:.~ =c :. ~ =:2 :)2" environment, a treasure trove of photos and i:c::~:.:,,:::-, collected over a period of more than 30 years, is availabe, Desert Eagle Publishing, together with Legend Productions has taken advantage of this new environment to begin an amaz­ ing collaboration of expertise, knowledge and talent. The result is a series that will feature a variety of IDF armored vehicles for armor enthusiasts and their respective conversions for the scale modeler Both the auther and the editor/ graphic designer are evid and experienced modelers. They decided to put together this book series for-and-by scale modelers.

DESERT EAGLE PUB LIS H I NG IN COOPERATION WITH

LEGEND PRODUCTIONS

MERKAVA MERKAYA MK 3 IN IDF SERViCE P/.Ji1' 1

BY MICHAEL MASS NO_ 2 DfS1RY lAOLE PUBLISH LNG 'e-l

C COH:O/~ Ydll

LEGEND PRODUCTIONS

MAGACH AND GAL BAlASH

M60AI IN IDf SERVICE PART 2

BY MICHAEL !v\ASS

NO.3

L(G(ND PR.OOUCT10NS

Michael Mass was born in Israel in 1954, the son of Shoah (Holocaust) sur­ vivors. He has had extensive experience with Israel Defense Force armored fighting vehicles (AFV), particularly the modified T55 tank (Tiran 4/5) and the Magach tank family (M48/60), throughout his military service and his business career. Michael joined the IDF at 19, shortly before the October 1973 Yom Kippur War, beginning his military service with the Armored Corps. During the war, he was a T55 mechanic in the Suez Canal region. He later trained corps personnel on the tank and served for several months as chief inspec­ tor. Mass subsequently attended officer training school, where he was com­ missioned as an ordnance officer. He held various field assignments with Armored Corps units, rising to the rank of major. Since 1986, Michael has worked in the defense industry, specializing in AFV improvements and maintenance. He also is a lieutenant colonel in the Israeli Armored Corps Reserve forces. Michael became curator of the Yad Lashiryon Memorial Site and Museum in Latrun in 1990. He expanded the museum's AFV section from 26 exhibits to 170. He also established the Israel chapter of the International Plastic Modelers' Society and its magazine, Kne Mida. He and his wife, Sarah, have two children-a son, Gilad, who is an offi­ cer in the Armored Corps, and a daughter, Yael. They reside in Israel.

MAGACH 68 GAL

UBattering ram." That name fit the Magach generation of Israel Defense

Force tanks to perfection. The Patton tanks saw action in the Six Day

War, Yom Kippur War and the Peace for Gal11ee operation, as well as rou­

tine security operations along the borders. When the going got tough,

the Magach got going.

This book brings these workhorses to life. It is the first in a series devot­

ed to the tanks and armored vehicles that have helped keep Israel secure

for decades. Desert Eagle Publishing, in cooperation

with Legend Productions, is honored to bring this series to modeling afi­

cionados and armor enthusiasts who will revel in a treasure trove of more

than 100 one-of-a-kind photographs and detailed technical drawings.

This book represents an international collaboration between its author

and his team that spans thousands of miles and six time zones. Using an

extensive collection of never-before-seen photographs, the book takes

readers into the Magach for a closer look

at everything from tracks to turrets, for the benefit of armor

enthusiasts and modeling fans alike.

The text draws on the expertise of its author Michael Mass, who

has extensive experience with tanks and armored vehicles through his

IDF service and his business career. He joined the IDF's Armored Corps in

1973 and later trained IDF and foreign technical and

operating teams throughout the world.

The book also contains a modeling, detailing, painting and

weathering section for Legend Production Conversion kits for

the Magach series.

ISBN 0-9788844-1-3

I I

9 780978 88LfLf13