-.ANCIENT CHRI STIA N COMME N TARY ON S C RIPT U RE
OlDTESTI".tINT
II
GE NESIS 12-50
EDJTEI>IY
MARK SHERIDAN
GE~ERAl EOITOR THOMAS
C.
OOUI
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ANCIENT CHRIST I A/Io' COMMENTARI' P ROJECT R ESEA R C II TEAM GE~EIlAl
EDITOR
ASSOCI ATE
EOITOR
a."..opIK
MANAG~1l
J•• ll,.""k., TIIANSlATIO-" ~
PRO; [(T$
j .. IS, .. R ESE AlleH
Eo,
TO R' A l
Sl
RY'C' ~
II .'H. C.lh .. ORI GI"'AL
D'"[(TOII
J.",
A(Qr[S"10~5
AND
LA,'Gl·AG E
DI
R .~ .. "
D'II[(TOII
R [eTO R
..
".IISION
DIRECTOR
K •• " •• " . G." " r~, . GIlAOUA1E
_........,
RESEAIICH
ASSISTANTS
Snn",,-,"
H,w/>.JI.j'''lti\I..o...IN.-o... s..t,)'Ootj:S."l
Ek...
I'~J"
CON T EN T S
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
' • • • • • xi
A GUIDE TO USING T H IS COMMENTARY
ABBREVIATIONS
••••••
[NTlWDUCTION TO GENESIS 12<;0
COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 12-50
• • •••• xiii
xv ••••••
xvii
• ••• ••
J
ApPENDIX: E ARLY CHRISTIAN WRITERS AND THE D OCUMENTS CITED • • • • • • 353
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES
•••• • • 357
TIMEL I NE OF WRITERS OF TH E P ATRISTrC PER IOD •• •• •• 366
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS IN ORIG I NAL LANGUAGES • • • • • • 3;0
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF \\'ORKS IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS • • • • • • 374
AUTHOR/\\' RI T INGS I NDEX
SUBJECT INDEX
SCRIPTURE INDEX
· · · · · · 378
···· · ·
•• ' ,' ' .
379
388
GENBRAL I NTRO D UCT I ON
Tht Ane...." Chns... n Commrn<;>'Y on s.:roJXu~ has a.s Its plM mo,t.UIUflon of QlTIsn~n !aChIng ~ on cWslC.J Chns".n
tugais. tht
In.Cf\S.l6cd
srudy of ScTip
u,' pnson.o ..t.o ""oh 10 ,hlnk
.."hlht.arlyrhur(:habou•• hrcanoniC'lll«xl •• ndtMs"mubuonofCh".".nh"u""cal.b,bllc.l,th.oIog ic.J .r>
,,,,,,.rd fu"Mr i"'lulry Into scrIptural in,erpr..."on by ........."Ch,,"'''n wm...
Tht nme frarnt of rhest documents sp
from' M cnd of the NewTesumenl era ro ....D. 7SO. includIng ,ht V..... rabk Brd.
L»·r..dt ....... slr.lnghow,M)·migh,S1')' has bttn In«n,>On.a!lr pufWUI kw. gononJ
.""",Is who stud)'
u,- .udl<1lC. of nonrrofes
rt... Bib!. ~arfy and ..t.o ..mHd)· wlSh.o h.,,, cbssi.Ch",,,.,, obsc"'1ItOfI on , ....
"'" ..... dll)' ..·.. 1.<>1.
10
them. The
se.""" larg.'tro to ooyon< who w.nll 10 ...f1oc, .nd medlUl. "'"h ,h.
url!·churm.bout, .... pbJn..,....,.rhcoIog>c.Jwl.oom.r>
A
.ne....,. Chnm.n k fo. IMm.dves "'IU ~fr.'n
f.om ,h. ,emr""on '" fiX1It tndlcsdy upon
'0 provide
I<mwresourrafrom .dimngu"hedhiKoryofC'XogeI"th., has remaIned lfIUSIVelYIRx<"essibl•• r>
.nod.ngly diueg.>nkd dunng 'M W, cm,u,}·. W. >«k '0 nuUOI,..labk '0 ou. p"...... -d1<1lC....... mwtlCUlru •.J,mw,ihngu.o!.lfansg.nrr.t!on.l ..sou,a. of ,ht tarl), «um.n".l Ch"., ... n ""d"IO<"I. Prcxh,ng" ,ht.nd of ,h. fir" millrnnlum fo<uscd rrtnurtl)' on ,n.
,<x. ofs.:"pru.t as unde...ood b)
rht •• rI .......ttmt«ondmilltnn1Umlu........ rstdtlu,I""rrn.l, has so fOrgo".n mos, of .h • .., class", ..l1tph ..
so m.usrd ",.nllon upon po.ot·EnI,ghtcnment h,""ne.l and l, .. r~'l' method.
th~t"
has teft ,h!IIonpng
la~cl\·u""tt.ndrdar>
u,' ~ader ..."h convrn..n. m .....s ." ..,. wt... Adt.t ,,",nu. 0' John Ch'l'WS,om or the ok""" (.,h ....nd mothe .. had to uy .bout. par" ... l.. I<XI rOt r ...,h Th"
'ng.
for Jtud,-
~nd
rh< pas.or. "'
for rncd"."on. Th.", IS an emngtng .w."'n...... mong ulhoJ..;. J"rotesun, .r>
"".I
biblteal pttarh">g.nd l fOntw_ n.ttd ~ groundIR~~..,.,.j rht scopIionslh.,h.v
0rth0.:J(l< la!')· tru.
Hrn," Ihi. work IS d,,,,,,rd
to\\"~rd.
much broader ~ud,.nc. ,h.n I.... highly ,"nni<:al.nd Sp«lal,:ed
sd>oiarl)'MlJotpa,nsfl<.rudres.Thc.ud...... e .. lIOIlorruled,o .... unl ..nsuyschol.ar<""""n ... "ngonrh< study of ,.... hlStor)· of In. «.n.m,....,.., of the ten Or '0 ,hos., ... "h h,gh~' fOrusrd philologICal ,nte.ests ,n
"""'hep...... moun'on"'r<3'althUK'O<$. Th .. work is a Ch ...,,>n T~lmud. ~ Talmud u ajcw,sh roUtcuon of ... bb,n", • .-gumtnU and """,. menu on ,he M,ohn>h, "ohich tp"omiu
Ihc ..."", f"'""'I .ha. ,t... F"''' .... ''' "'",en we..rom"",n",,!; on '~$ of IhcChr .." .. n ''''''''IOI'l.Ch.uu.,,,, from ,he la,. F"''''''''' as<' .hrough .he mcdleval f"'""'I h;>d OOcumrnu .. ""logoUJ '0 !he j<wldl T.lmud and Mldrash (.J<wosh commtn,,,,,es) ",'"il>bk TO .h.m In ,negb.. nd c..en. ,r:idlllonJ, 'wo fOrm. of
orJ,,,,,,...
romp~,"g=r..:uo( F"'1TL",eptgc'l'-ln Talmu.d.c
&oh"", Ihcsacm:l ,t%! olChru".., Se"prult was mU.
The Aru;ltnt Ch"" ... n Commentary on Se"P'''1t h.. , ,..,,,,,,,blt .. n,«cden" In mcd"•••! urges .. of l""h ta.I,,", and weIt.m .rad",O<\S. as """ll as In !he Rcfornu,ion ..;>d",on. II oR'... (Of fi .., ume In
.n.
m .. ccn,,,,y m. e..rI ..., Chrun.. n """""""" and rtfkcI ....... on lheOld and NewT..,...".nu '0' mod.." .udl.ncc.lntnnucolly.nccumenlCilpfOj«"th"ocrICllSde$lgr.tdto"""" ProtcJunt,utho!lC>ncI
Orttv.d.o>olaJ"F"",oril.ndschoLorlyaudICncc•. In cues.....!xtt Grod<. Lann. SynM and Cop<", lUll ha,.., rtmlIned "n,,,,nob,cd '"'0 English. ""e p....
VIde new t",ns1a"ON. Whtrtvt'r CUr,....,. Englosh ."''''''''"Ons ... il..,ady well Itndtrcd..hty ",ill bt "". h::cd. but i( ncc..... ty ,h." I.nguage will bt brought up to dat •. W. seek '" pre.. n. f..,oh dyn.. mIC tq'Ulloaknq' ,l'2nIl.allonsoflong'ncgIcr'cd ,exuwl"ch hlStol'1U.lly ha .... bern rq;.rdcd u ...
,!>or".."...
1bcJ.: foulld.a"onil nJ· putonand lay pnson.s..lt il OtIt Inltn, "n.d ,h< publ.sh...-·I """,mltmen, '0 kup ,he ,.'hoIt $tneSlnp"n,ro....,..nyyunro""",.
ThomuC.Odrn
A G U ID E TO US I NG T HI S CO M MIlNT4 11. Y
~a1
fe.>'Urtl
'ntendcd
tu~
bttn ''''"'''f'O<'l,cd ,n,o ,ht dt$Ign of thIS rommcrtI''Y- n.. foIIow"'g wmmen .....e
'0,...".' reade""nmalungfullu.. of,h1.<wd ume.
Per;.op,,"ofS.rip.u rt
n.. .. "pru ..l,u,h.. b«nd,v,d.d ,nTopen'<>pe' , orp.....g••. wually..,...ral ...... inlength.E..hof thtseperoropesugwmahtad,ng.whICh:appea", .. ,htbtg,nn,ngofthcJ'<"'«'l"'.Foru.nnpk.,htfin,
Pmrn,..,.- 11". headmg" foI· I",,'cd by ,he S<:"p,u"I""""g<' quoted tn ,he Rev, ..,d S,~nd",l V.rsion (tlJlv) .,,,,,.. .h. futl w,d,h of the page-Thc:S<:np'u.. puoagc"p..,..odedforthoc""vcmmaol ..ad.ors.bu.""Wo,nu..p.ngwllhmedt . ..-at I"""'.. IC .. 'ex' of S<:np. pen«>p<' ,n tht """, ..... nul'}· on Gmtsu 12-50 ,,-12;(.3 n.. CtlI and me
FoIIow,ng ...h penrope of .ext" an "".",.. w of thcl"""i"ic
...... n:tSandgmcr.OO<\I.llnum.sumt1'\2ntSdon
""her du ••1It "ulous'rgumem••cnd roflow In. pUuJiblt. r«ogJ\l~ ponern. Mod·
em r...de .. C'>n mus gltm~:up«,. of COII"nu,I)' In rh<
now of d,l'<'rX eXcg<1ical .,"""",or.. "p,""n'",s
variousgmcra"on •• ndgcograpl",a1loca"ons.
TopicatHud ;ng. An abund.n<e of v."cd 1"";""
tJ
.vail.bI. for c..h pericoJxol m...: kltm. For rhos ..uon ....
tu"" b.okrn the petlp«1J of.od> verso ...... ,h
'0f'I<.1 headings .umnun~,ng ~
'om"",n' byevolunga key plu.u., m....rhor or id ... Th" f.,.""., prov>deo l bndgc by whICh rno
Id. n.ifyin g .h"P.Tri .. ic Tu to Following .he 'op,cal h.ading of each ..,c.ion of 'omm.n., .he n.me"f .h. Pl"i"i< "ommen"'O' is giv.n An Enghsh ... nsl •• iM of ,he p''';'';c comment .. ,h.n prov,ded, TIu< i. tmmed ... ely foUowed by .h•• id. of,h. 1"";")( work .nd ,h•• rx,w.1 reference-.i.h.r by book, sce.i"n ..>cl .ub..",oo or by book-.nd·" ..... ref...""".
R.ad.", wh" wish ro pu",uc. duper in"".iS"' .. on of .h. Pltr;"ic w"rI:. c;.ed m .hi, cornmen.. '}' wiU firnl .h. foo.not« esp<:c;"lly "alw.bl •. A foo,not. number d,,«u.h. read" ro.h. n",es.t ,h. bottom of.h. "gh •. h.ndoolumn. where.n .dd"ion to Nh" no""on' (clarificat;ons or bibli".l er) of .h. work is providedex"pI LncOl$e<wh.rc.lin •. by.lin.,omment.ry .. being'luo,cd,inwhit".h.,>om.exun,tran
.ha.
cd"cd out $uperflu"... conjunction. For the con",menU of oomputcr d...Nso ....... h. digital """ba.. reference< or. provid.d '0 .i,h", th. Th...urU$ Lingux G.ace.. (G .... k (ex.. ) or.o (he C..ed", (Lalin ,ex,,) In .he >pp
353·56.
A86 R, BVIAT I ONS
A"""", o,""un Wm,'" n.. Worbofd", F.d>trs In TrvuLa,-. /l.W.,...h. NJ.: Pa.L ... l~. A,h,n.",,>. Th R..."t...,," L""",. P... ph ....d .nd ,nlroJu«J by j.,k N. Sp"u, NuhvllI. 1979.
ThonwNdaon,
CCl CC
eo..p...O''''' .......... m.SenesLa, ...... Tumho.n.Ildg.um:8rq>oi&.19-S}..
n. Cl] rwi Pm·
Augwll ....
gum. 1984. M.~r...d.«I.CIoruAot"""C_....... T"mho.n,Bdglum,IIrtpolo.I974_1981.
C; .. ,rc .. nSn.d,<S.K.I.rrwoo.MlCh.:C;.,...
~oflhta.urm:A
l/166..
No-T........""n.W....""'on.D.C:CathoIxUn,........,.olAm..... J>re..
{~ .... .!_«k n..Libra
Lo.ba....c.! 1h.
MI.""J'~n...ov.M-.r~
T..... _...J .... t.~
".s-..S,,';... ",A",,,,,"pOOs:Fort ...... 1995.
I'Sch.lI" c< .... cds.A ScIulLibr..,.aflh< 1':i=>eond Po..·N~...... F.m....afdwCh""un o,,,,ch 2 ...... (14 .........m). BuIl".Jo. N.Y"Ch,m.." Li, .... ,,, .... 1887·1894: "'pnn,. G.. nubod)'. M ..... ,Htncln<"-'.1994.
o.p.o. FituPnoonp/t>. T~,edbyG.w.B..n........,..m.t.ond<w<:SPCK.19)6:ttpnn"Gouca
'er. M-., Pn.... Sm,!h. 1971. Ont"':StIt
"'''''"1'' TraruJ.,ed by Ro.... n A.G~,.Cl.w.lCSolW<"<m SI'",nuii
Ihul",.I979.
j.·P.M..... ed.Po'I<1IopoCU ..... CompIetuo.SenaGrxc.. 166 ...... Puu.:M'J"'o 18S7·1886. H.deL<.d>o<.j.o.ru&o.. .. .J..td..s......... Ch,tll"' ...... P:ms:Ed"'"... duc.-rr.1941 ..
Ttad.."" E.ge
j.E.Roce&.«I. Y, ..... "St.""'r"'_IL T......,... ~ .... T.....,.Fituc.."'7.H)"de~NY~New
Cioy"'-.I99S.
INTRODUCTION TO GENES I S I%-SO
nllS volume"
d.dicaled fO ,h. all)' Chmnan ex~$.or on,erpre,,"on. of ,he pa" ... rduJ h"'0l}·' ,h.....
dIt .. ~of Abraham. lsax.Jxob.nd)os
,hty we'" oft .... ra,h ng ,n a
MW
mcarung r.. her than drawing DU' .h. orIgInal munlng. Th. Ch"s,"'''
."'nprrtauon of IlK h .. ,ory of .he p... uardu btgan alrudy on me ""'.."V th,,,
In ••• p<e . .. iono( .h. P.lti ..." h.IHi .. o.y f.... mP.ul, o Orillcn Nt>o- T",,,,,,,,,, 'Uft'''' In G.aLa, ... ns. rnpond,ng 10 "f'I"'Mn.. ,,-1>0 W'K
uw. Paul ... ts up . n anNh.". bt.""",n-worksof , he I. w- and-h.ar,ng by fa" h" '" wh"h Ab .. h,m
r<pr...",,, ,he man of f."h, "Abraham 'beI,eved God. and It ....as reckoned to h,m as "gIl,...... n ...·- (Gal 3:6).App.armdyP... I... oppontn.. hadalsoappealed.oAbraham ... nex.ampkoffatm.ndoffoUow,ng.he ["w. Paul is
ab&. '0 scpar.>" ,he f.,rh of Abraham from ,he '1l1n"OIl of me la,.. McaUU",ht promise ,n G .... -
.... 12 ID Abraham respond ,ng In his tllth prececl... h~ me"tlon of ,h. Law of circum, .. ,on. a prinCIpal
poo"' of dispu'" ....uh ,he GaIa"a.... In GaLa"atu 3;8·9 Paul argues. -And the '''nplU''. f<)KSatng ,h.. God ...,..Id JU'"ry rhtGentil« hr r.,.h.pr<Mhecl.htppd bt£or"lund .0Ahraham."'l'ng. 'In you Jl,all all IIx .... ,""'. bt bksKd:- F.,. I"ul ,he prom'$C'o Abraham an'"'p.t''' rh. good ne .... rhal JliSt,m.roOll Coma through f. "h on J<.u. Chmt. Then. m'ng o. Ulmtacul'K£oru.. by.hcooofhangtngfTom.,....,
(Deut 21:23). showing th., the bIess'ng of Ahr..ham has
mm<
'0 ,h. G~n,il...part
from the uw (Gal
3:14). Thi. bI ....'ng. formerly undtrslOoo os th~ land and de..,.,"d.nu. now bttom.. -,,,, promi$C of.he
Sp'n
.ncien.
Paul then USH an cxeg<1"aI proccdur< ""her common .n Ch .....an "'''''l"",.."on. ,,-horn m
Iwbtcn ~ ""th.he resut ...... lOIlof)esw.. Th .. ,n't'Prc..,ionof AbriliMnandtlxprorrust ... n.....· tkpartur
dt:vdopmrn. of ChnStun ,n.«pr
A .adically
MW
ckf>l'ru.. aIJo IS p,,,Ji alkgorical rn.crp=anon of 'M Stof}' of Sa.. h .nd
16--21) InGili..un;4:21-S:1. H= Hagar
11
Haga. (Ge
in,ttpfCIo
whil~
Sa.m ""pr~nu ,Ix covenan, offrttdom.·Th. 5<)n of , h. ,la•• was born arrordlng '0 the l1esh, ,h' son of the fret wonan ,h""-'gh prom....- P,ul w.~ apt..1Ily-th.- lS.n allegory-.nd expt.,,,,, that Hag;t' represenuM,.Sln.lllnA~(thtpU.ce".......,thtL.w"""pn;>mulg>,ed)anddu,'hllrorre$pOnd.sWott
,h. p,esc:n, rIIy ofjcruulcm.tlm IJ"he clsm. Sa,.m, bycontras"correspo nd.'0 ,hc'jcruul
°
above: Implicu 11 ,Ix oda ,h., ,ht-jrnwkrn ~- has bun revukd 'hrough 'M I"CSUrtK.oon jcsw..P,ulcondudc:s.h.a, rht
cUl
f'rtt woman·(G.al4:30). I'..ul"s ""rodllCuonof alltgoncal ,n'trprei" 'C~t
strongly ,"flu.ne"':! Origcn (Ott below) and other extg<'C$ of 11.. Alu.. ndn.n ..:hool. who rrg...dc<
Jl.aul as the modcl ""'rpm.. ofrhc Old T..,.. mcn, Scnptures.. In Romans. p,uJ mums .0 ,he r>gUrc of Abrah:un. ln man)' resp«t, Ronuns r<prc«ntsa less polemICal
.nd morc,.. rcrull)',u ... Iopcd'rposi,ion of,he'rgum.n, alrcady found m Gal .." .. n$.ln Ronuns}:21·31 Paul "rgu.ts ,Iw all haw 0lJU'ICd, whcthttot no< they had the I..w, and du,)ust,f;an"", whcthct for tht jc"'" or fOr theG,n"I .., """.. through-fa,th ",pus: In Rom.ans 4 he ,n,roduc.. Abnh .. m .s·our fouf.: .h.r accord"'g '0 ,he flesh: As ,n G.J."",no, the principal .ex, be"'g ,n,trpmcd isGencsl$ IS:6,-Abnh.am bd......d God, and " ..... tcdone
.0
hun as nglu-...nQ&.· Ag.un Pau]"'rgumcn'
11
based on thtpr=·
cknecofm. p"""...,-To yourofl'spnng I will g.w thllland' (G~ 12:7).,...,. ,hel. w of"ttcmcn, ofG~.... 15:6 ,h~1 Abrsh.m bel....cdand Ih.a,,, was nckono
nghtOOUS~
wlum P:ml 1n1ecpc
helpofPsalm32:1·2(wh.rcth.wordmk.m ...lsofound),P.. ulcxpla,,,,,.h,,,Jtws .. ndG.ntil.. arc)u."ficd
br £..,m ..1I
11
also ",ed In 2 Connth ... ns 11:l2 In
•
polnrucal co•.,crt wh
.un, of Ab •• h .. m. Her, he .. prob.abiyd .. ,mlng no. m.""lyd....n'·arrording 10 the flesh' but Imply,ng aIJol his O .. is, ... n dmmy as Jus,ified tht"Ons''''n ' n.crp''''utlon,n.o<.....-tiyforhllf>lrtlI'rurthaJ hlSf.,.,.. " the ..... hot of the ....... '0 m. H.bttw.r, • ..ncn .... nbu,cdiliolol ... uJin .. n."lult)·.lnHtbttw$7h<de. wsa f>lralldbc-twccnrhcSonof God .. nd Md"hlZed.k, who il $;lid '0 ..... mbl. ,h. Son of God. U.'ng.he "J~cc of the tUt ofGe ........ 14:18·19 WIth rcg:ord ,0 thtgmalog of Mdc:h1Udck. he de.. ws ,t.. condUSlOn 'M Mdduzodd,; lI·wllh· OUt f..11e 01" mo.hcr.,.. gmealogy, and has nCI,hecbcglnn'ngof days normd ofh~: Like ,h.-Son of God. h. COn ,ln,,<S. pri.., for ",..- (Hob 7:3). fun, WIth ,h. aid of Psalm 110:4. ,he only other ..x, of ,h< Old T..... mml .0 mentIOn I'.'kld.,:edek. h< .. abk '0 apt..n w. Jesus 1$. p...... of an order wpenor '0 Nrcn. HII .. thcorderofMddtludd<. a!">d the abIe .0 show Ih., A• .on .. nd Lcvi. lhrn"gh ,h.".ne..,o<
.",hot ..
Ab...h.m, ImplICitly ..:knowledged Mekh,udck', $"PCr>Orlty when Abrwm offered hun ",lies (Hd> 7:7· 9; Gm 14:18·20). For ,he
.",hoc of ,his k,ter, Melcl..udd< and other figures and IltSllluI10nS of rhc Old
INTo.oI>UCT'I>~T"G.~ .....
,,-so
TosulMnt"""" to ill .... uu rhf figurQ and "'"u",,...... of rhf MW ml',:ru,u. Thr !ant. art rhf ''''''' huv· ontr.U11l... ,h.. lheOldT..umcnl r.g...rQ~nd,nst,tufll>rU_bk.]n~-s6:13·18.,hta"Iho.m.o
.!'Put. '" rhf ,u, "Gc...." 22:17
,,,!how ,h., G<>
1$
f."hful'l> hI, p",,,usu (in du. r.ut to Almh.m).
and In Hob« ..... 11:8·19 h. "fi.... Almh.m as an exampk offallh. V."ou, evenu "fh.. lofr rcfl«, Ih ..
r..lh.•"rh as hl$ m,s",mon In '.'pon.., I" G<>
I" hIS promlK
.nd h,s will,ngness I" offer "p]$.U(' (be<." .. h. behevW rh .. God Can ""K Ih~ d • .d). Th. mh~r
r'lr!-
.rmJ. [QOC.pmb and,lMtph. are at.o ..ud as examples of fa"h bt" wlthou, .unilar de,...!. Noublt Wo fOrrhf llKof,htpa,,,,,.-d>al hl$fOr)'"re PH ..... andS,cphn.' ApolIks(Ac..
~,n
.htAruofrhf
3:25:1:J.I6).Jn,htfonnnrhf~'andprornlSetoAb
""r~. 5
fOrm
M.n)· mht< .1I"slon. '" ,exl$.nd figura In ,he p.trlarch.1 hllt"r}, ar. fOund
In
the N.... T"'amem
,ndud,ngja,ol,.laddcr (Gn. 29) In joItn·. Gospel. b", ,host .If iIl",'n,.
8)' tht "m~ of Ongcn • ..mn. ...., b.g'" I" ha~ real ro
PIo,1c <>j .... ltxo.d" •. The d••• lop"'.'" of •• rly Ch".nan .xege.i. "'U h.ayil)· ;nA"."red br ,h. Ab.,,dn'''jcwish scholar. !'hil", Thll con,emporary ofJesu ••"d I'aul Cam. from. "'ealmy and cull,,~ mili.u ,n a my ,hat w.. no, "nI)·. ctn,.r of COmm'''''' bu, also ,h. prl"""paI anln of Hello", .. ;.- cull","" '" ,h • • na
..m.. can bt gkan..d from h.. n"mtrous......t:...
larg
• ppnts,,,ha,,,,fu"""lOntdas.nbb,{an,n.,,,uu,,,,,hcn&...-Iopong},,,,lvAle:uncin=jew,shcorn mu. n,,)'. ,h.n on. of ,helarga' and m"," AOUrlshmg ,n Ihe Do.:I.spor•. I>]'ilo .lso dcfondtd theJewuh cornmu· n"l' wh.n ,h. pr.fe<:I F1."", ,nsus.. .d ,h. pogrom of 38. and he he.ded ,I>< del.S.II"n .. m 10 Rom. I" :opp
In 1>]"Io·• .......b....,SndfOr the fi ...
,11.... IIvrncoun,n00 agr.ndocakof,,,,,,, "'11" ...... , ... Hdle"... i<
.ndrlwJcw<shorbiblical.Philo'P"aluofh"predecesson'n I... 6eldof,n' ....p'""u'ion.bu, .... know of
only a few: .... a"u- of dw: Let, .... of Am'.u. and An .. obul .... wt-t fragmtn ... f< presnwd tn ,h< .......tuof,he,hu.ch h .. ,onan EUJebtw.Plulow"".""merous......t:..indudingllYtllof,... pa, ..... rch. Abrah.m.]QOC.ndJacob .• ndal ........"y,rar.. on I"'"irular,ub:l«"<.ofe"he ode. of (excre'KOI" prxlla) and ,h. no,ion of philosoph)· "Klfen ..... ocnp'ural.,,
_":,,;s
cany 0.",,,.,, ,nlaprcu,ion
I>hilo ~ppI,td.o ,h" ,n'.rp~,a"on of ,h. Scnp'ures .. ,,~in ,n,erpreti... rule. and pl'OC<,qulrcd.nacc<j>.~blcme.mng.L.tne> In Gcncsos ,n'enm ofG.m.. odt:as about ,he.deal phibopluugt. lam,ng. He m'SUle< from H'",n, m.t 'I. ,he Land of till ......... ,n ,h...arm fur wOOom .nd mar .... S.... h. ",Im ~pr< .. n.. v",ue. A, S..ah'. "'''''"n« hc .. ~ ......y h,. ~;\Il' Hag;. •. by whom he had btgonen. I0Il.1"'",",,1. beca .... H.V" rep .... n.. tht cycI< 0 prep.>mory .. ud .... (gnm ...... nuthornau's. ge<>mnry, mOUl(:. ne.) duI mill' b. kft bdllnd ,n the surd forwlodom.Jaro!>""'''rp.",edu lh"onowho...,!uwI$dom,hrough th. :asc""cstruggl"ag,unst v1C<.nG by enn:ismg VI""". He ,. calk')' hadalrndyl>«n appbed rod.. ourm for wISdom. Th...ugl:l mu mnhodof ""npru.non Pholc. wed • La,!" p.1n of ,he t<x .. of me Pen,.,euch. mclud,ng me d, ...,), and ri.uaIla ...... U ... h,cl .. for t
"me
Many cl these 'ntcrp....... oons will h..w • long hlSfOl')' m Ch ...... n pmeand Ambroso: of Milan. Eus... bous anodp...... .!"ta. Phllo practocally u ,fhe wtI"t a Ch ...... n•• nd la"", Chn."an •..d,."", regarded hIm .s • Chris".n bIShop. In ,he Ca«na on Gene"" (0« below) many pus.aga ribu«d .0 "Philo ,h..
.r< ...
n.~ft-PtooJ"'Onfm.lntheperiodol:appronnut ."'~of.htgre.a,rnntm<'tl .. riftofOrigm.m:myChn .... n""" ..... con"nucd,oin.. rp",,"".a.oI\ ofto" fuUowtng ..... xample of P.uLAmong .... writ.... and """"ngs ma, .... worthy of not< In rhlSpenod ... tht FinlLmttofa.-. tbrLm .. .jB.mwlio.aandjusl:", Manyr" n..Iopt ....., Trypho.n.... ....... · ..... nd ro" .. OO T.... mm. 'ens. mdudlng figu .... from mep.1,nan:hal h'""")'" proof In apoIogerlC .rgummt or uexampl .. cl v;rrutro be imimed_In ,h" ptriod ..... find ",.fi... Gnollicwnttngs.pmduttd by wn,.... wbom con.......,......,),Chrwwu ~ as Q ..unan her<'toa. Thq 100 nudo. .... ol the OIdT",,,,· rtWn.Scnpru .... bu,wtth""nprt'UtOOlUfO"'PP""tht"
~
.a..
S""il., but differmt from ,he GnostIC use of Scnp,ure was tM movemen, l.unched by M.won .• Chrl,"nI ,e""h., from Sin"!,,, in Pon,w "",iv. on Rome about 140. M..cion d.n,ed thu ,he God ofJe.u. Ch,i" w... tho .. m. as theGod of tho Old Tes.. ment. He found ,he Old To"am.n, Sc"p,ures '00 dtffer. cn,f'romth.'.""hmgofjesu.roh..·.bttnprodtKedby,h... m.d."y.• nd..,h •• ttribu,edth. Old Tesra· m.nt to ,h. d.m,urgc. Th. canon ofScnp,ure produced by M.rcion onclud.d only the Gosp<1 of Luke .nd ,h. Ien .... ofPaul.but ,h... heh:.d,oeditinord.rtoremov.,Mlntcrpre,.tlon,P.ulh:.dgivtn of,heOld T.".m.n" whICh tended '0 val"ht. it. Marc;"n·, r:.die.1 chall.nge '0 the Old Te$l.ment '00 I... to '" .uccc.. fuI. although M.rcionite communi".. ",portedly cx""d for centuries to com • . By th .. Itm. (1.w)
w.,
'M Go.p.Jledrunningcomm.nt.".. on.nyof,hebooluofSc"ptu" ThM ajorC hri., ian ln, erpre,. .. Orig<" of AI •...".Jr"'. Orig.n of Alennd,;" w;u r'ghtly regarded by the church h,ston.n Euseba,,; as the
gre.test Chri'tlnI W,ifC' .nd ,healog;"n of ,he e.rly church . Origcn'. contribution< ,n tho fidd, of tex,u.1 "i,ic"m, biblical in,.rpremion .nd 'perul.",.. ,healogy left .I...,ing imp"m on the church, Although hi. wooo .... re the .ubject of much comroversy in btcr perlOd$ .nd dron, ,,"re m.de '0 des,toy hI> wo,ks .nd cIf""e hi. id.as. h" inAucnce h... rem.ined, H~n, Uu von Balth..... r h... compared ,h. late, ."empt> 10 wipc'out h",nflu grea, work. ,h. H=pL:t, "'as.n .ffOt', to comp.re all 'M ' ....;on. ~nd.1l the ,'ar;"n" in.n .ffort '0 det .. min. ,h. o"g,nal Or co',," «:.dmg. Unfor ,un.«ly.nocoprof,hl>work.uTV"·edbe),,ndthefourthcen,ut)' On. ofOrigen'. mos, inAuemi.1 wotb was known ... -On Fir5t Principl." (D. p.m,,?,"). writt.n ",hil. h.w... th.h.:.doftheca,echctKal ... hool in Alexandn. in Egypt before mov,ngto 5pods for the 'merprC!~tlon of Scripture h:.d great influenc •. cven In the w.st In the Latin -spcilingchurch. \ViIil. some ofOrigcn', pem· ctplesofmterpr....ion "'..ela,,rconlest.d.th'$work remain ..... ntialtc.d;ngfor.nyon.w"lungto undcntandth.tr:.dirionofAlcx.ndri.nbiblicalinterpretation. Origcn was al.., ,he fir" '0 produc< runnmg comm.nU".. on ....-hole book.< of tM Bibl •. wing ,"v.ral h.. ",,'Y genr.. (sce below). Hi, Ho."l;" "" Gm .. ~. preached probably between 239 .nd 243 In Caesarea. rcflcct great crcatn-i,y in rel."ngth.t.xtofGcncs"toNe,,·TC$,amen, tc""hi ng. EpIortm 11,. S)'TI"". Eph,em ((. 306-373). known ... thed.ocon of the murch ofEd ...... 5p
hr. In the CIty ofNisibi•. moving '0 Ed..... ..,me time after ,h. ,r•• ty of 363. In wh"h the Romans ceded
G ........ ,,·~
m. .em,,,,}, Nt$J"b.$ ro I.......... Ephrnn .. gmtral~' ttgankd as m. first ~~, "T1'U of .... Syrun chu", and h .. volummou. wrumg. r(Cfica • ,rod""", l>rgmM
b,-w In E&u.a. rdlca. Jc=wu.h .. wo:ll:os Chm"~n ""egetlCiI ,radltlOn•.• nd II has b«n ,ugg<'StW .h~. h. "",.hod of Int<rpttt~non is ,!oKr ro Jc=w .... H.ggaII" devoted.o m~ elU."'" and fill n.run",,; ~ omtt1tdmuchof'hcl"""t.>rchaln.rr~""".
Do.i]-..", BlmJ oJ ~OnrofOngrn·.mos. mfiumtlil wcc~lnthec.,tdJ .. onlochool. . Alex.ndria wu Didymu. (d. 398).bhnd from ,tu ago: offwr.One of ,h. but .due •• ed "",n ofh .. time an
..... oIm.mootprol,fi,(o..nou.... tuwuabltroc".mos,of,tuSCnp'.. rQfrom"""""'}'... wtU . . mar ","gan. Ch, ..".n .nd Jc=w .... SOUr""'- In .n"qu,,)·....d,ng
w" gtneully don••loud; an In,dhgtn, a..
a"en""" list< ..... rould reo.c ,he ",.>d""hehc.:lrdUl<>n;lc..
La,.,.
rot
m. owh (mmry. and m. tmptn
and Ev.grtw o( Pomw ,n 543. A . ... wh. many of h" fWog,,"l ""rh and C<>mmmuriuon ,tu ScnF turn wt ... loo:I. bw abou, .any ~.n ago tTUJlwcnpu contAln",!;.bou, !WO d.owand page> of ,he worb ~ Or'gtt\.nd Dldymw ...... d,scovcr.d., Tun . ..,,,,h o(C.lfQ.Among .h •.., w... I'rge po,,,on o(h .. eo"
_ary'" G.....u. ,ndudmgwmt nu,.,.ti1 on m. fin, part 01 m. $tO<)' 01 AbuIum. Ambrost of MiLm.A~bul>opofMilanfrom374,0397."hddinhonoralongw"hJ
fill' and Gregoty... onc of ,he fo..,. P"I\Clpal Wa.tm church r.,he .... 1-k " ... born at Trxr.• tu """ of ,I>
praed h,m.d( ... l1w~, and an oro. or.• nd in
37213 he
lOO"
af'PO'n,«I g w,.h hcadqua"crJ
U
Milan. In 37" ,h. Ar .. n h"hopo( M,I.n. Auxcn.ius,dltd .• nd" (.ll.o Ambrou.o matn,atn .he ptace OOWttf m. AnaIl f:on"," in m. chusdt and the ouppon .... of tM Nicent ddin"",". When lit appeared In mlS ..... a' ,he basilic_ wh ..... tu dCctIOll of ,h~ new b,shop wu to ,ake place. An.n •• nd C.,hol,co unIted i, dcnundlllg flu, tIu go>"tffiO< btmm. ,hr new boshop. Ambrnot. wlthou. 'heoIog:ocil
fUlIung
and
not)"tl
evm b..pnud. rdumn'~' "''''"1''«1 and ..... qu"kly ~,LWi.nd ord.med bolS 12-SOillogorin Loon ..... , ..... AugtUune loft . n ,nddibk .tamp
'nflumced la,.. Lann ""rhon on
ontMmeologyand$p'n,uaI,ryofm.WUttmchurch.l-k ...... bomln35olof.a.nSt""'motbt..and.~ fa,hcr III Thagastc ut Ronwt Afnca (modern Tun .... ).1-k 1l'«1>-w. La.,n p""'incul t.rn.... gotng
cduca,,,,,,
ro Rome and Milan '0 ro,nin ... hI< ",,,hes. In hIS search for ,rum Augus,in< btamt for • tim •• Manichac.m
.nd La("" d(td hlm.cif (0 tht ,rudy of N",,·PLuOIlism (Plotln ... ). At Milm the petachinj; of Ambrooc. as wcll as the 'nfluence of h,. mother. Moo;"•. played. roI. in his COIl.....,..''''' to C ..hoIi< Ch.;";'n,,y.• nd AmbroK l>ap"ztd h,m
In
}86.
Aft"" hI< ttturn '" Nonh Aftic•. he w.s ord:omtd pnest In 391 .nd in 395
dtcredb,.hopofHlppo.whtrthecon"nutd.his:>CtlVityun,i1h .. ck.. hin4.J.O.Augusfi""iscelebra,tdfOrCtt·
,.m wom, especully the eo..frss""" and n,. Cuy <1 God, but nun)' of hi' works weet poIemlcU. dIrected .g.. n.. hert,ical groups ,uch as the M.mchoun<. ,ht Don.,is,. and ,h. Ptl.gian •. He also produced num"" 0 ... cammenta""
and homih.. 011 the Sc,;pture$, notably ,he eom""""ary "" lilt Ps.oI"" .nd th>" on the Gov
pel of John. Apm from a kw ..,nnOll•. ho~er. Augus""" did no, comment dirtcdy on rhc pm;'rchal h"'Of),.Ne,-crthtlessheolttnn:f
Mo C/:ry>cl''''''' Born., A""och .bout 34S.John Chrysoaniu •. Du. '" ,h. influence of th. bIshop of Antioch, Mcl."u •. john.l>andon.dd.... i,.I.rudie>,nddcvoted him..,lfto.n;u.crucai life and ,he.tudJ'of,h. Scnp(u.-cs. He emered" monas,;c communi'}' .nd lue, .pent lime'$' hermi' bcfort rtlUrninj; '0 Annoch (0
..,rv. a-
f.mous pn:ach.r of hi' day. Hi. cammcntari.. on Scriprun: a.. chiefly homili.. ba.. d "" ,h. Pasuft< of biblical boohr.adin"'qutnc.durmj;rh.d.,lyhturgr.From 397Ch,}·.".",m,,·.sb,snopofConst.ntmo. pk wh ... confJ.c, wi,h coun circl.. eventually It
'0 hIS exile and dc:l.th in 407. H. i. ont of ,ht most
re,.. n:dchun:hf.,he",,,, rh. W..tcrn as "'tU a, '" ,he Easrern church.. John Ch'l"""om preach.d .ixty·..,ven homi!. .. on Genu;. m ,ht J'UT 389, ",hJt h. "'as • pTO..' at Antioch , .. plainmg ,he book ver.., by From what hc .. y. ot,he bcgLnning of ,ht , "'t"'y·,h ...!.i,
V"..,.
"pp"'" ,h., he p..achcd ,h. 6.., ,hi,ty·(Wo du,ing Un, of rh .. Y".r and ,h~ rest aft~r Pt-n'tcoS! of ,ht samt yea,. ChrpO$lom ... Itading rtp ..... n,.,i ..... of ,he Am,ochene school of 'X<~$i •. h.,·m~"udicd wi,h DJOdore ofTa.,us, ""0 i.often crrd;,td a,. fuundcr of,hi,,,ad;(ion . He concen, ra,U ""1",,.1 "".'p'" ta,;"n and seeks ,o.void .. llegorical or figur.." ......"plan.. ions as far as pouible, Th.... ul, IS a,ommenta'}' ht.vil>' WClj;lutd wi,h mo .. h,m in whIch ,he biblical figuet. provick modd, of virrut!O Lm,,"'" This col I",,,,,,, ofhomil;.. i. (he m"" .xren
'0 ,uNivt fmm (he e.,lr,hurch
Cyil of AI,... ndn... Cyril of Altund';. (bom c. 370) succeeded hi. uncle Thfi>j>hllu..., p.trlarch of Alexandria;n 412. H. is known above ..nfOT hi' vigomusopposi(;on
'0 ,he reach"'j;ofNe"onus, the pa"i
arch of Con"a",;nople, whom h. wa-< m<trumtn,ai in dtposing .. ,h. Council of Ephesu. m 431, Ne"o rius had denitd Ihe leg"'''"''y of .pplying '0 Mary ,ht ,idt IhcOlol
flict .. m.. La",. howev.,. after Cyril'. death (444). wh.n (h. Council ofChalcedon...cd .tennir.olog), dif· rt.-cn,rmm(hatofCyrilind.fining,hertl.,;on.hipof,h.divin •• nd,hehum.ninCh,i"(",,ep
Gma"", of A,,,",. Carunus was born In Burpmdy (470) and dicd at Ad.. In 542. h."ing",,,·ed the" as bIshop for fonYY"..... H"tpi..,opa1 ci,)·, near the mourhoflhe Rhone.nd dose , oM.fMiU ... rc,.incdi" a""len, lmporUnce in the social.commt"uland indu5I,iallif.ofGaul.and ;tsbi.nopheld the ,,,It of Vicar
of th., AF"l"'oIic S« In G>.u1. ex•.",.... show.. rhorough knowkdgo of ,ht Lann ,rad,,1On of "'''p'uraIn'«pm.llOn. ,....,. rt"J"'a,td InvU""" of Ga,,1 and tht colI.apw 01 th., Roman adnunilf ....1On h.d
$horttr
and .,mpl.. horni:
h.. ofea......, .... g"..'eVKknce oIdung>ngcccJHi.utical ConctrnJ.Hpccially for"" .."""n,aI and
Gcn..,,,
Clpll= Caesan .... prud>cd • """" oIhomill<$ on .ht tu,. of wh"h clearly
&J.:.rhrV....,..u.It.Btu.,,~, onc of!hc """'. lamed mm oIh ........ Whil. Std< bdongs mort '" th., arty Middle AS" dun ....hi; pa",,,.. ~"od.
h" rhorough "'G"''''''rtCI'
e.rly Otr ...... n •.,rhon ~ h,m
m<>K In
wlIh .he worles of Amhro.<.. Augunin<. Grcgory and o.h.,' "","""wry ""uh rhnn. Like .htm. ht comp<>J«i many ......... or
",npNral Int<rp<eUtlOn. IMurung. rnm"",n"ryonGrnt<" up ... ,htbuth tl l......:. In ad
n..,..,.,.. ... c;....,u.$omnuntlnthtS«ondhalfof.htfi/thunturyanuru....-n ....hor ....... wotIt...,. produce"' v... rompibtlOn of texU "I..tlng 10 Iht ml<rpd of 'Y""P"" of the =. g...cal "ad"Oon. H. Kletred ucerpu from numerous won.. of .u,hors ... nglng In "me from Philoof AIex,
'0 !hcrompdanoni '0 " by 1..,... &cltoJ..rJ; ,.,,,,,,, (. ch.m). Tht .u,hori
and ....... Cyni ofAkxandn.a. Tex .. 1Tom ScvoerusofAn,KKh{d.S38)b,... w.tffadckd whICh hu comt to .... known b). ,h. Lan" name g>.v
h.v< been "''''
i"or......t.1"htaurhorsodccrcd.rrnolofa.mgleochooJ(AlcxandnanorA",KKh..,,).andaUthtpuoagcs, .rr
~rftctl)·
OI"thodox. No. only cornmen .." ...nd hont,h .. but allO poI.mic.1 works.rr ,,,ed. Thlll·", ·
......n: has «tolProcopr.... ofGa:a on tht Pen·, Among ,he many .u,hors ex,erpted arc FI...,us Jouphus (d. after 95): EUKb,us ofC.... <e. (d. 340): Sui! th.,Grr., (d. ~~J:Gregory ofN=>nzus (d. l89):Grcgoryof Nys.s.a Cd. 394): Dodymw the Bl.Jnd (d. 398): Eptph.ruw of Salamis (d. 4(3): John Otrysosrom (d. 407).nd CyriI of Alexandria (d. 444).1"ht· worksClt«lhav.allObc.:nr,..,..rvcdlnd.~nden,lrln,hco"glnal!angw.ge.lnaddi'ion.'htcompiltrused
worksfrom:w,hors.""h .. PhiloofAlcxandna (tht~alT."nbu,edIOPhilothe8tlhop): I
(d.bcfor<394):ScvoenanolG>baI..(d.t:.cfoKotOS}:
The<>dorrofM"I""H'" (.1.428) and Suc«1UU$ <>fDtoc...... ra (d. ahout 440). The Liu r.ry G enr ... Uu d by Earl y Chti •• ia " C o mmen .. , o ..
Tht 1".... ry fomu used and de ... lopcd by Or,gtn greatly ",A""r>ecd all b ... suI>ocquen. pnn."c exegetical work.kcord,ng'O"ypoiogypropoocdby.l<$andboob.. Thtfimofrhnc..,.,.,S«dofcolkct"""ofbnd" n(I(<$.ln whoch ht dult .uCCln
qu<J""'" ,h;IIt appeared obku<e to h,m or rh.. cont..",cd d,ffin,J,
p
:u;"
Thtoccond'ypecoruosudofhomibadutM~nc..u.lUmdma'''''=talandownby ... -
nograpn.n.
[n that horrulocs. Orogm adap,ed I",n..[f 10 • m.w audKtKt contaln'ng • maJOrIty of
unJ ..mcd p
In •
luurgocal
"'''''S- Mos, of ,h... horndl<S may h_ bttn produced ",.mm' ,h,...·
,n ",tlleh Orlgtn rotlowtd me eycl. of !i,urgical ,..,ad,np. Ongtn grncraUy rotl"",. ,h. "ad"
"on.ldIYIJlonof.pub[lCdiKou.... ln'oprologu •. bod)·.nJcond ...,on.To'ntrodu«,h.fir$'''''''''''b. """",,,n,ed on. h. nu)' beg;n .."h a gene",1idea. C;'ation of. wo,k Or' "ory """,,,chow ",la'eI to
,he ,ha, ,he,..,.., ma, w;UfoU"',... A .....lelofquouu"rufromtherud,ngl'oUowcdbym'.'Pr...."orucon,,,,u,csth.
of u.. homily. ~ WIl. ,..,.., .... y ~ q...... of S<"W"ralUmCSIf d,Ikrm,~ ... of 11 ... '0 be expla,ned JUC«Ulfflyor,f • ..,.,.,.of.xpt......"o..... ,,,beoff..red.Ongen ...AShogftly ..lectlffmrn..o.'''F ..t,,,h ~toapl"n.rn..o.lng,h"" tIu, Ien, ~ to,n,e:p="uoru tlu, woulded,1j- the [.. ,."."o. [n ,hese horni[,a ,M",.,..al and hor..,"'}" 'one" Tcd",ed and con<;o:n,,,,ud .. ,h •• nd. Or.gen always ,,,,,dud.. hu h.,mi[,a w"h the S.UTIC' dox.,[ogy borrowed from 1 P"".. 4: 1I:· To h,m b
bod)'
chapc..,.and
and OOmin"'" fo' " .... nd ._cr. Amcn: Som."m., ,h" " ."ached '0 the explan."on of ,he Ju, ,...... ""ed.bu,o/i.n ""pr«cdcdl»"morcclabora.. concl ... lCH1.. The ,h,rd &,
thac.dcluned fOr. ~ sol .... aud....u. e>nga. pur$ucd the .xoges.. of indIVidual book. on a ""'" -)'S' " ........, "'3)'.
fW'>il" by puuge. "",hout .-.g.onl
'0 hm"."oru of spoa or u"", and oft.n ..."h not.ablt
d.,~
Even In ,he m<>$' ex'er"'''' p.,m", """men,"nes. ,he e.rly Ch"..,," <<>mm
<'"'' ktr certain ,h'pt... of Gcn~'" I~-SO•
• udl AS Gklch,zcdck) Ind G.ne... 2~ (,he
n.cs. ...
thep"""pall"Cf~ryfOmtsuscdfOrbibl,,al.n'''''P'.u''ononthcannon•• r.dpol"",,,,allndapologe<jc,,,,,rlt.<.The .. adcrohouldol,,·aysl«cp,nmlndth.. ,he
n1tu",of the ,ntcrp,.mion nuy be 'nfluenced 1»'
Th"R"l u ofln'crpTc,a.ion ModcmmethodJof<..lumoU$
con.ey,ng wh .. ,he ong",alauthor In,.,"'ed to ... ).
in..,f~r ;u
!"'Mible. Ho ......... ,he goal. of ,hc .ncten,
wme" _,.., quit. difkren,. They h.d ''''PT''lng[)' ],,,Ie In'.res,
to
the 1'"" excep' :u " ",t...d
to
,hc
n..AIt....nJna...nJAnI"""""'~""nI~""'.Two.arl)'Chn.. "n>pproodtcs"'bibl"al.nfCrp"'. ,....,., a.. commonly noted. Akundrun md Annochcan.
~.5chool
of Alaandru ....... on fKt ...al
KhooI. 'M ,",ccMuu/ .d>OOl
(~_).
whICh empIw.tud alkgcncal
mtnpm~non. Ahhouf
mod<m KhoI.o. .. h• ..., doulx«l ..t.em .... the.moot had. connn\lOW h.. ,or)'. Ongm."d Dodymw occm' h,,'~ h...d.d
tI.
Tht school o( Ami«h. by contrat'. Wat
pm'"". group of""',.....
no<. phyo.ial.n,i,y bu, . sd>ooI of though,
COf\
WIth ronnccllons m An'oodt. Th" pnnop.ll mtmbm; ai th .. group. In duonolo
,ul ",d"r. 'r< D,oc\oru$ of T...."'. John Chrysos'''''' .nd Thn>dor. of Mop'UCooI and '.. ,n ••"......,. 00 "'" Srnprura·I".ral ........., althougt. not the h,,,,,,,,. SOnse: at mod .. n ,ulhors use: the fO,m. Th, An"""hean, w
M..., ,nfiu.n,uJ 'n'''P......... b
1'"""-.
lOIn< of whoch .... r< sh.r«l w"h rh< Anllod"' ..... can most ck.rl)o b< K<1l from "'" poon' <" v,"wo(thc prmc'p.lcxponc.lIld""ough nO I all uscd or . grce:
Wlth.Uofhl
"'1..
,tu,
[Paol[g..... oomtor.omplaai"'.. rp ....,""',hoc ..... .....,"""',..,.....,.;t.rm"'P .. od.....pus>ga.la.I .... I bd...,..dw:by""',.won" .... ,""".nddocumer"." .... jtw> ..... bonudtd.saploo.H< ..."""" ......di>n-1O • d,,,,,IgU"'" dlonpks "O"'''rnm.d,Klplaai .....y'.. SOSUrby .... '''''y'h
In ,h .. quouuon lWO phraK' in "",,,,cui., should bt .-«1: "U.1mpk, of mlapr.ta.""," .nd· under· .... nd,ns 'he t.w '1''''''11.111)": From Or'~n·. 1'0"'1 o( >""w. PauJ hat g""C1\ uampk$ of how.o ''''<rpm! rh. Sc"I"u,~" W. shoul d .n.lyz. ,h.se: .umpl.. and Imlu,e .he pnnClplu and p
usc:d in ordcr m coo"n ... rh< workof,n,erprtuns ,Iv Scnp,ur<$. 5«ond.rh"programci",«rprtuuOfl can b< d.Kribod o,"undcrsurodms ,h. L..w sp"" ... Uy:Th. ' " '' ,d.u or, un'l.d m . I'milar phrase: I"er In ,he .. m. horn,I)'. "·h,,.. Orl~n .pukJ of ,he "«
bksse
he ",a most tnqucndy a.. 1 ConmhWlJ 10:).11. 2 Con"tI"a", 3:(,·18, GaUrwu 4:21·24. Hebrews 8::5
.. r.dHd>re ..... !O:I
Thtgosptl 'W"" ,,,,h ,ht!.~, I Cor,mh","! 11):1·1 J. In the fifth oom,lyon Exodus ..fm.d '" .bov•. Or'gc" ..1..abr,d1)·thee •• nuofExodw 12-17.1'he (hildr.n of 1..,..,1 sUpp<>$
mm
m. "". Paul aIk .. bar".m; wha, Ihq' suf'r"" i, thr Holy Spcot:Hos furtha coo>
Ius al •• ady "Iabl~ ,h.1 the uOOus
fmmEgypri.wbe'nr.rp"'.d.p,n(uallr.• h.. , ... 'nl...... oftheJ<>urncrofrh.'ndov,dtul..,.,I.R.. m .... me." •. h. sa),s.·,hc commotion of. mo.h: H. ,h.n moves. by associ .. non ",,,h ,he ..'Md mOl~. '0 ,h. ,ex,
cl M..,thew 6:20:""".. moth and rus, ron.umc - and """'lpO... ' .. thos ,nlO m. P.uli .... ,n,c"P"'.."on: OrpanfmmlUm
you',n thc column cl m. dood' ~·thc....t,· ""Y tOIIoo.- you. wit .... o&r. you "1"""....1 food ..,.,;I.op",,..] d"nl(noIcss-Noo-U>ouldyoustOUtfe.uu .. ·,........ t...-c .... ""'.hdcs."'Y"Uldtholl):h.nd ..... • Th","wf"""'Lord .. y.:·I(you",,,hroMp
Ongcn h....ad hctt tlwron ..." ofNc... T .., .. mcn. ",ach"'g""(>"nQldT""amen, .m.1lK .... of an ttymologyg<"='''' mun,n&- ..."'.ch thrn ""'das .. bndgc ro. New Test>men, la •. uslng.he pro"coplc cI·'nlerp... ingS<"plu"'I»·SC"p'u..:'n.h .. c.... by.....,.,..""'.hrougil,heh<>Ol<"',,.d ...,b. Con,inuingin Exlldw'0 Ih.... xl pLtuofoncampmc"I.StKrolh.Or'g<nsa)'$,h.. ,httt)'molog""
',,,,,,£,'
undtrsund the name 10 = .. n Iad'ng h,m '0 "'" 2 Connlh .. na S:<J:"For ...-hilc .... an .un '" th .. •rnt._SIgI>...,th ......""Y:nolm..,_wouIdb"undothcd.bu.tlu, .... wouldbcfurthc.dothed:Thc ...., or Ihm! cncampmtn." Etham. fOr whom Ongw govcs th •• raduoorul mumng:'"p" fOr ,hem:'The
f>Ct Ih... h .. os me Ih,rd''''I'I"ngpl><.a1lowsh,m ro...."".".,e" "'"hother,a" ...."nglo,h• Ih,rd day. ,ndud,ng Exlldu< 5:3. Hou.. 6:2 "nd ,h. ,
dud. th ..
Thc....,th .... placamen"oncdinthc£xodusjool11t)· .... Pihah"om.MogdoIM>d~.wh.ch ..... on"''P"'ladcrymologicoUy .. · ",md,ngucrnl;·rowcr" .. nd·uconlcl.",..td>,O\I",rrap« lrvcl r·1l>«codeas
kadOngrn ro notclh .. Ihe "'.). roGod i,'an as«n, and. wir>dmgu«ot:n.. .....y ,Ov,rt~" 1101 downhill. b.u·1tosanaso;en .... nd""qcrr,dadWlmgt't.. ld,fficulty:n..n.tj>rough ......... 'ioncl.dw..Ongrnbnngs
'ndw:'Cl<,ofM ...hew7:!4'-F.xlheg.a,c"""l'TOWanddw:"~i$Iun:l.dutk..dsrolik.oo!hoocwholinr.
.,.. b.,-FUWly~=I..mns. -Stt.~Wwlwalenl dw:goopd>gr=wnhlhcL.v.·. In rhclawdw"" of'"'rtu< .. ohownrobc.wtndlnSaKcnl;>ndw:Go.pd.ott,. .. lddu.'d~"·.)"wlu'hluds,oloftisst"',g 'OO .... row:<:.n"""' ...... nlhe:bbnd_dt.rlydu.l ..... andlhtsarncSplnl""""'lhrla"·:mdlhrGos:pdsr, ~Ongm........stfom mt2tImg:sgrnaaudbyct)moIogKsto Nc..>Taurnm, 1LXU,>lk>wmgh"" rut! Ihr Ntw Teswn ...., ,eadungs Nck Inro,htOld T",amtnl tc>cts.ln Ihi. "'.r.lhe Exodus JOUrney"'n I rud .... COO",".,,.... >aoIJn,oith.: "P'n,uaijoumeyoith.: ond,vioduai ChNIl.n. Theopeculfasc,,..."onw'm'ht=.n>nSofn.m.. shoukIbt .......... panofdw:rno«"~ncr-alAJex., dn.n conv""on ,h., ,he la.raI kn5t ofScnplu", covered. du~. mumng. ..... h,eh" w • • Ih. I.o.sl< of d-
=sc" '" """'"tt. The...., of "tyrnOIog... to go""""'e ,nltTpfflalton$ of $n ....... ofdw: Old T..ument :KCOplual .00 II"S"tIlI J...."r,,:Jtton.ErymoIogj.·.ndalkgonalmlnpn:t.. tontcndcdmgolund'nhand.Chn."'.n.uthors.aboY all Orts.n. w.cd ,h. work of Philo.nd addblyextS«da well ... I.... du., fcI Jawed dw: ...-dt.of me bihloc.al booIu. MMI .ulhors unde. Aiu=d""n ",flu."". mad. U5t of me nymolo
,.".,n
.0
s,"'''gcne •• ,,:alI''go
Ongm often e".. 1 Connm",... IO {csp. 1 Cor 10:6. 11) to
Paul ..... COO'Ut of I Connlh..... 10:1-11. 11,.... 'n com=nnngon theuprcss.on -in mana.:and hncb' (Eo. 1:14).0"gtn "a'd.-ThtS<: word. ""'.. no, wr,tt.n '0 'n.. ruc,~. in hi"",)" nor m .... ' "'" ,hink th.i thed •• ir>< books rurr.t. lhe ..:uofthe Egyp'~N- Wha, h ... ;""'n wnn.n·lusbctn wn"'" f"orow- ',,"NC'! uon' :md ..:imo.""",, __ ~ fait-. • mor:al cxhotu ..on In wltoch the lung of Egyp, -who knew
..J
Joac-ph-,.,ntc'Pm...! ... th.dcvil
S"nil.t.rI),. on d ...I'ng wIth the command of Iht lung of Egyp. to tht m!dw.ves to k.ilI the male child ..... cl
the 1."",Lus. Ongm SU'''' -Bu, -. who Iu,~ lurned th., all m,ngs wltoch an: wrmen .'" wnnen """
fO
reb".n",cn. h .. ,orrbu, f"orourdjJC,plme . ndUk.und.n,.nd,h.,these,h,ngs""hic h.", ..!d:al",hap-
only in Ih" wwld . ..-hoch" figur.o{tvdy called Egyp.:. bu, ,n ,ach on< of us aIso __ He then conun.... the allegonc..l mt.'P ......""'.upWn'ng dw: puilOfU of the t1.tsh ate $ymbolt.:
not
.h..,
bullhem.I ••• p ...... tI,h.""ion.lkn...nd,h.'nt.llca~l.il (,he k,ngof EJrP'} wuhutodc$rroy. The """"'" of the: xrwJltyof,ht Scnptun:s..,ems to be ,ht pn:s"l'P""u"" for a110g0nz,nll' lr.decd,the
1d•• oftheX1u.llt)'ofScrtp,,,rt,..,,,uaIl)".corolbryof,henollOflofScrip,,,rc,uclf.nd.he ...ultof,hI: <:>I>O.II:.>.IIon of ,ht 'nu In the SOCI<1")'. The """ton du. the Spoptures........, ""rt"en"f"or us: du: thty ...
IN~..oOUCT'O~TOG."",,",SO
~
mbe .n.npm:ed m rJt«.ncc:
,0
1&1
and OIU .. nu""" .. h~rdlyonguul WI.h Paul orOrogm. h
<~n
bt don..:,ed airanOtny m ,he anp/us" on rod...y (Drill 4: 1·3). ..h.m " no longtT tht ""'" of .h<<"'Cf't$bemg",I.:I.edbu,.hCC.g.:"nbdi>r<:themluncc:,nto rh. PromISed Lond rDruttronomy" mtaru ,he K
lhowJ a .,mil.. (OnUrn for the ac.ual"y of ,h. ,ul.a concern h. ach,.va Ihrough allegory. To IhlS general oduofth.amW,tyof.h.:Sc"ptU~P.ul h.. added
m.ronc'l" ofrl>c.woageo(1 Cor 10:1 I}.... h.rn con·
~yfaciLta,es'hgr£.dwnandnow._h ....
IOund ,n 1 Connm=- \0:1·11 and GaJ..'L.1ru4:21.14. While.h<noc_ofdw ....... agcshti'" m$f«Lf'y dw
COfL.m. ofdwalltgoty." .. not """,,,al.o dw.de. ofdw :actU.>Ltyoldw Srnprur.......o.1I< aUcgoncal m.mod. AI1tg<wy<>/S.",h4M H~goT; G~1.r"'"J
4:21·2~.
When Origonul,.. on
Gen ..... I>c",yolh>thc.kf.rscrpli",i,romm.marybecau.. th ••postl.ha,al",ady;nd"'a1«I ho ..·Ih.... uung..",.obeundm.ood .• ndhe'lllO,esGaJa'i.an04:11.24.H.,hent>O,cs,ha'cicsp".,hed""nCl"'"
m.dcby I'>ul bctwttn dw fItsh and "~prom...,.1uac ..... born accord,ng to the fItsh. Sa...... dod g"'" bum. and Iuac ...... ctfCU1t"IClJCd ,n the fItsh. Paul'. ,n""'P""':"-" y lum how m behave ..."h "'S.rd.o ......... thmgs..~ all ",,,h r'p,d.o lhooc ""'....gcs wm« .he hlS'orICal n.>rr'"'''' does not!«m '0 ,M'''''te anythmg worthy of ,he dll',n. 1.:1 .... T""POlnllsltouldbenQ,ed,nlh,.con....,,,on.Firs,.Ch-'g
$«I
n, the ",'erpr.'.""" th" P.~I h..
oIittcd.nd,ha,is,oJC1"W .. amodelforolhcndoesnolob/"er.!Cth.:I""almeanmgoftheh,!,orr(.ln.r . .... ,..... bu.... upnunposedupon".ndp~uppoocs".Sccond.thcph ..... ·.nyth'ngwonh)'of.l>cd,,·'ne I.:Iw·md.c.,.. :anlrnpoo-tan'.-xcgnlCllpnnnpltforOrigen."""du'rn.>ybe
n«
"'OS" In ,he
co",.~,ofalmgthydj$
I.:Iw,hat arcnol '0 be ob.
to
b(compl... I)
ch.ngtdbyallcgorybu,.n:lobeobservW .. formul.:l,«Iin'h.:Scrrptu~;.Mth_th • • ,.nJ(.nd.,'ord.
let,,,
Ing to the bu, for ...I",h one mW' "'so ....1< an aUer.Mbeunned ..."hh•• :andthcl_wiUbecomeoneflcsh.P~~ohowndu,thu
,,·,f.
.. mbe.nt"l""'«I~(EphS:3~·_bu,
the teach'ng of)csw (Ml I9:S'{;) makes " equally de.. duo " u to be
obser>~ acrordrng
lhe I....... Paw, 'nte'Pr....;"" olG.n.... 21:9·10 In GaJ...,oa ... 4:21·24 .. 10 be undcrocood in ,I>c ... m. ",·a)·. Th. nat· ((I
ra"v'(.nbeund.rsroodl"".lly.bu,,,shouJd.lsobe~ndcmoodoll.gorlCally ... «f.... ng'° th.,,,,·oT•• ·
~"! rOt U
vti!: 2 Cor,mh ...", 3,7·18. Onc of.he P.:tulm" te~n mOl' frequently ci,«I by Ch-rgcn r>O' onl)"
In .... mplc of Pauline uegcs.r. but .. ..,rtually. prog.. m of ""npm:.tlon is th., of2 Connth,.." V'·
18. I"_=nngonExodw.3-4:33 .. 3-4.whcn:.he""I"".... l>cporrfi«lfaccoll'.{oocs .. mm,IOMd.On.
GU;lSlSl1-S<>
gcn d""ribes Paul"o mt~rp'tt.allon <1$ - m.>g",fic~nt'-1hen he proucds to dwdl esp«i.a!ly on rh< sign,fin" of the...,~ and rh
"bo
.ff.,,,
.0
tollS.~ngt'nodl"con..., ....'"""ndxr""r$of,t..dlure
whil.th.SC"ptur..."t..'ngn:.d.notonly."'ilbu ....... w... li.pl:act
n..."-mdhng.t:i....tud>""'tud.'ndxOldTuu:nent.Iw • ..,~on".~butwhrndxvnl .. ~ ro.dxbndt.tlu, ... forthpmgupon,,",,*moo.n. ,mu_th.' ... dxboobt:idx"..;.:odonth«oc.al ...... ,. . . . . . ..,pU,nly.:od ... d..rfy
tnatufutcdth.a'hoopnngofOnh....m..-man ....rdy'PP'.... T""""Idxp>gpI>tu .... byont.b 'n>r.>.r>«.oh< findoCh,,,, 'P"""",forthfi-omthern.• O>d.!IO>I',h."ho .. il,h.,Cr.shd<m<'i''''fi-om".J.''''d....J~''' .... ,e>o:Lng.r.::Ibu .... mg'''',al
'0
Th. ",il <1$ in... prcted by o..'gcn i.s on.n th.li,.ral h",oricai accoun,. or Ih~ lmer. In onkr mnov< th ..... il. howne •. ,t.. com,ng of Chn .. "'<1$ ,ndospntUbl<. Onr goes '" (ar <1$ (0 '""Y that dx -dIY,,,,, char· :acl• .- of th~ prophetIC wn"ngs.ne! the «."", pouibl.to h .... -knowkdge of rh~ goods of whi.h rh. h. ~rhr"'
"a
..
,I""'~~7,J4.1heph.--undo ...:andongdotlawspm.u.alI)·.-no,t
rd.,..,.nc. '0 Rom.n. 7:14. one of th" p.ulme ,.~n m,'" frequ.ntly cued by Or,S"n.ln altemp"ng ,a
upLtin.he K'n.d.a.i""" >t"'Y
In
Gmosi.<
In
whICh Abrah.m gi""" h" wif< '0 Abun<:l.«:h. "'}'Ing ,hat si>< i.s
h.. $IJ'er. o,.,gcn tells hIS IlStmefl• ..,.".....-hot po/emocafl)'. dw of .nyone ·...anu '" "ndera.. nd oJ,cs." wordJ In","'I),. ,h.t pe""'" should gather with ,h ........ rath.r th.n ...."h ,h( Chn,,!>n" Th. pus.agc ,h.t follows " worth (U'ng" Length for ,t.. JUlIUf"»""'" of ,,,,,,und the ;nsogh. tha, "g..... ,n'o o..
,ngoftht ..... of,nterprouuon: lIu'ifht [doe ht.rnj"'aIocs'oboo.a"I>tW\.:od.d ... ,pkalV..... koh,mhc.. P.uI"J'1ngm .. ·dx .. w .. .....r..:od __
JPrmoal'-~m..,,,-......u_-.a.p.ur-wm.-nthc,,,..opc.abalAlnlumandh ..
INTOODU<;TIONT<>G~NESIS"·SO
Arodald>ougnnoon.of ... <.nt.. ilydamh.. h•• n.-;f,I>e",,..ny<><><whorri<>totum,otl>< Lord---fO,. ,I>e Lord ",I>e Sp""'-rh,, ,I>e Lord mlgn' remove tI>< , .. I of,hek"eSpln'=egioryof"'I>eLord"'''h''!'
Inro' ...... mr,in ,h,$.1me""n"" .. I'.ul,od.no«. ,extin "'hIm on' ,hing" ... id bu, 'no,her i. in.. nded . Th. tu, "ken h«ull)' doe< h>v. meanlng.bu, ,h.", i••1"" ."",her meafllng, which i. generally ,he more Import.nt one. Th" d,«o,,,y of ,he .Ilegorical meaning c.n alsobedescrib.:d ..... mov'ng,he ..il.rorwh"'h"'.."orconv.rslon.ndpo"""'ionof,h. Spirn of,he Lord ... ...,utr.d.ln,h,.caM.bym.. nsof.n.'Ymology,h., ...U ,h. whole "ory ontO the mor.1 pl.n •• nd to •• pi.in .w.y ,he ... nd.lou, 'sp<tion, ,h ...an mokt,he h.."rsCT i'i..lofl\.1o .... They begm '0 ask why .uch p....... gt. having 10 do wi,h ,he j.ew,sh mwl or the obscrnnc. of ,he .. hl>a,h ." ..adinchurch.bec.usemeyhaveno,hing,odowi,h,h.h •• rtrs.Toavoid,uchsc.nd.I'.$.1y.O"gtn ... "n""...... ry· '0 explain ,h.,"th.l"", i, 'p,m ....!." H,,, .g.in Origtn cite, 2 Corimhians 3:16 as an exhort> ,ion '0 b.:ron,,,,,,ed ""h. lon! "" that ht will ,ake.way,h...",il.nd M"",will"pp'arrou. n,,,a. defonnedbu'gloriousandspl.ndld Paul', Ust of ,h. ,erm 'JP< (or ~gur") mOrt f..quendy ,han alltgcry '0 indicate Old T.... mem fo ..,had. ow"'g.ofChri... nd,hechurchh...",our'gedb.:l .. f,h.,hewt
,0 ..
be'wc.n.llegory.nd 'Ypoiogy seem. '0 h.vedeve!oped in me nlne'«n,h c.n,ury· in aneliOfl ..:ut Paular>d """,.,hingofp.tristicneg<s'"Sorn. «hol.r< h.ve "',,n , ugge"ed ,h., rypoiogyi ."",,,,mucha question of method". i,,, of. sp"i,ua1 "'ar of viewing ,hings. Th .. ,·i.w .. firmly reJdwhopo""ou, . .. wdl"h .. m...n,..xegetical,ool.~.nb.:used,oproduc"qui"difftren',heoIogicalcootent .. O"gendt,ects 'wo types of .piri,ualor allegorical scnsc in me Scrip,ure•. or. pu, .no,her wa)". hcd,,,,,,
G"'UI,,,'SO
gu.shes thl'ft kvds 0( ,n'npttutoon.1n ,he fourth book of tht Pm Am..... havmg ...abI,shN ,he tleCQaI')' of In'~rpretingtht Scnprum sp""wU,·.he '''~. p,.",-nb$ 22:20-21 (LXX).,n wh,m ruclt .... ttahoned I" not. ,h~ '''''''~pt' Ihttt lIm.. In their mmds .nd he.m In order '0 be .b). '0 r••pond w"h wcmis of trulh '0 ,hou who,!,,,,,,,,,,, ,I>cm. Orlg<"n colldud.. from th .. ,h., one mu", Il0l. the concepti of '-'ICr..d Scnp- I 'Utt th, ... nmH III onc', ooul.• oo he uII"CI .h" thr«fold d,,·....,., of tht oensc '" the .n,hrupolog.c.1 dw,. S>OfI
to , ... Ihreeiold d",..."", ofbdl~ Into d.. pe.-fca- ( I Cot 2:6-IS). Thw the .. mplt WIU be sbk '" find
ofbod)·. """ snd 'P'n,. Thu d".....,., ,n rum IS ",Is,..d
slmplc:. m.- who ha..., nu.dt progress.nd ,he
..d,fic"IOOIn the flesh of,he Scnp"''''' ,h., u.'n,h.li'cralS(nS(:,hOS(whoha...,progr......J will findfoodl for ,hough, in ,he Joul of ,h. 5<:np'um.• nd ,h. perfect will6nd .d,fic.,icm In ,hcsplmuallsw. whlCh (on.
,.,ns ,he sNdow of the fu'UK goods (11« Rt.m 7:14: Htb 10:1). Hett the sp,n'u..>! sc:nuof,he Isw SternI m"'e,..d ""he perfect snd ,he fufUK.
.
A,.n ex.mple: of tht t)"f'<" of tntnprw._ ,ha. corresponds.o tht ooul of ..... 5<:nptu..... Ongm mCl ' l'aul whnl ht ,n",'"P""''' ",,"comtn.1nd of Da!!."""",,), 2S:~,'You ohallllOl mu:::lc an out ,h. graIn: .. "'k.... ng '0 ,he "ght< of ,h. 'pos,les. Or'gcn sal"
WC
when" ,ruda
,Ju, num"",w . um 'n .. rp....tlon. In
(m:ul."on3teodtpt..d,o,h(ISCwhoc.nno,h •• rmottprnfound,h,ngs.Th.,ruly'P""uaIch.rac,..-ofthc 5<:"p,,,.... IS ",...,.kd In thou Imnpret.,,,,,,, fo. whlCh ,he j"..-a1_ i.I bu •• figur•• nd. ohadow (Hob
8:S; Rom 8:5; Hob 10:1 ). One mUll 11«1. ..... ",-..dom rh., u ..."IeIn LConnrhians 10:1l.wt.n..... s.sys.I'aulapls'ns In rckrttn '0 p....ges from E..odus.nd Nwnb.n ,hese ,hlngs h~ '0 them In f)""bol.c form. but.hq .
,Ju,
w...
w " ,. .
n f.... US It th •• nd ofth. tlmCl.
In eomm.n'lng on .he ..k bUIlt by Nosh. Orlgcn a1$<1 dl.ungulshu .hrtt KnS($ ofScnp.tlK bu, w,th· ou,,,,f... nccfO.nthropologyorthe.hl'ftd.u.suofpcrsoru .. p.>bIeof"I'P""'iatlng,hc
,a,
..... n"'g. Aaord"'g '0 tht of the Sepcwgtn, UKd by Or,gtn. Nosh ""as In....uct..d '0 build ,he an. •.... ,h ..wo dtds· .nd -.... ,h ,h ... do.:b.: llK three dodu would .. fa the h,Sfoncal or 1"..-a11tvd of,
r...
"",.n,ng.. the mystlc.l ",canlng....re...0Chnst.nd ,he murch .• nd finslly m= IS ,h. moral meaning. Tht
.wo d""ks ,..,re, '0
.h~ .",,"tion wh~rt ,here .. lacking ,h~ h ..,ori<31 ur ht ...1 m~.nlng. Th'. "PCC' of Or,·
gooIr
Iu.... $f"n~ ",umng,btaus. tht·]., .... IS 'P'ntual:;md ",hIm
" ...... dear tha, noI all IUU hsd a 11m"a1 fI\UII'ng. In th .. homily"", Gtne... he ",CI:as tx.mpks ..... 1UU ·thorn.willgrow'n ..... lundof.drunk.ud· (SttP'rov26:9) .nd·,hekp \3:48; 14:34). In h .. e.rI,..- """". Pm ,\""",,he h.d ",pounded ,h.... rn. idea uSIng .h( '~p"Ulon .. k~n from ,h. Gmpel of }ohn, whe .. " IS .. id ,h., ,he)'lTS UsN for purific..ion contained tWO or th .... rn ... u.... of w..... lhe rhr ... m... u ...... fer '0 ,ho 'e~uwhe .. thert1S.I".raImu'lLng~ofcdtfy1ng.
Ongen g<>CS'" flr:as to s.sy dut ,n tht bw snd ,n tht lustoncs. fW'III'" Iu... btm I"..,.'..d du'.r< Impo...ibl. or ",congruou. in order.o sic.. US .0 the preo<:ncc of • more profound m~.nlng. H. fum,shes.n I .... n .....,Ii.. ofps ....gcs,h., ranno,be In'crpr ....dJi'er.lly.lndudmg,h•• n'irec ... tlonace° un, ......1IOS . • pcclfi< .b.
sUo be found It work In the New Tes.."",n,. fo. txamplt in
on< <'IIO.Ild ........ all the kmgdomtof th~ ,,'Odd {M, 4:8). In <:IpOUncLng .h" pru'lClpk. railed'"'' ml$SJng lu
era! ~·(J.fo<"n llllrNt) on ,he I..er La"" I.od",,,.,. Or'ge"OOes nOl appal.o ","ut. bu, ho doH.ppaJ 10 • mo" gene ..1 princlpl •. nOl .n"rely .boem from P.ul. Ihu _ muS, always search fur. me,",ns ,ha. "
",-orthYlJ(God
c.m.""u-.IIj!ht&t.ort. Ongrn d<Jcs"", oppul ro l'a'" on expoundmS'h< P"nopl< ofd.tJ«,,,, b/,........ alth<>ugh h< doea :appe.aI.., Paul ,n alTemp"ng to dui wnh the quat"'" of e'mlmc1s00n. on whICh .he qucs' ,oon of rile ,,,hd,ry ri rhc I"en! mran'ngand rile nonon of. mran,ng".......my riGod' come In.., pU)'. He ,n,rOOuas ,he 'Ub;t«1 by W"ng rhrror;c"Uy' ,f .h. OfI"Impottn. God. wh<> hold, domon,,,,, of h.....,n .nd .arth. wh.n he w,mrd.o make. 'QVe",n' ... uh, holy man pu, ,h. m"n pom. (If ,urh," ,mportan, matt« ,nd"j.tho.rIlefur.~,nofh"fk
s<" 0'iJ'«" from d .. tt.an or h.c.a",. is OOrl)· ntg."..,. Then •• ft., """ng rh.a, .h< ,.ache", of the ,)n ~doholdth"'mpl",dy.bwrd.du.hr~lol>aul:
W·.m.....,...·'''''ruw=~'nrhctigu...nd ''''''g< offu,uf"C ttu,h ..... I",.h" ,,"CUmm,on of fk>h " ... bunns ,h. form of
""'""'I'
P'"
Ht ,Iw-n "'<eo ","ul i uwn"", tho,·"", an the lrue "'nunc'....... ,,-110 God ,n "I"n•...• nd noron/JJencr,n,heflrsh"(p1"13:2·3)andm.".,emtn,,nRomons2:28·29:·Forhe""""fuJJr"·"t.o u one ou.wardly. nor .. '''''' ClmI""".ion """""h,ng e~, ...... I.nd phYSICal. Ht " • In.' who '. one ,nw.rdI)·.
and r,.1 '"CUmci''M''' nutt .. of ,he he,rt. 'I'""uol.nd nO' 1"."I.·Th. ,ntrod"""M of .h. phr... ·cu cume","" of the n..rt ·I"',m,.. Orlgcn fO no," ,h" th .. i,I""a1ly ,onJ'OU,hlc, B)' VIrtu< cl the pnnClple of f
kfwt&J /"',.,.""" mUSl ht,n,«p«t"; spm'uall), Ho","... Eub
f
.he prophgru,es bo.h Hlmlmcisoon ri,he fk
,h.
tlu"hlatemen, of M.,.... (',n Ih. Hebre", cop .... ) ,h •• he ",as uncif"Cumc,Kd in l,p.s (Ex 4:\O).nd~ ..
hktwlSt
,ha, "'is" "'" ,n«rp",ed Inn-alJy bu, figuum-d,·. H .. cond........ ,,',f)'OU
.mr <'ImlmnJoOn of Lp< '0 a11tgor). U>d say no .... du, rir~~ of c.... '" ollegonc.al:>nd figuu".-c. whydo you nor also ""1"'" aIi.,. allegory '" <'ImI"""""'" of the foroon!"Then he i. fta, 10 nhort hI< li<.
,.""" '0 ',ake up ,n. ",rcume.."", worthy of ,he word ri God ,n you, ......nd ,n your Lp<.nd ,n )'OUt
h•• rt.nd ,n ,hc (orc.k,n ofyourAcshand ,n .llr
... _of ,hest ,·.now fornuri <1rrurnci.ion on ,h. mo,a1In·.l. n.,k .. gov
n.. kt,,.,. hIU; dot .s,.nr I""" Lj: 2 c.:.......&.a.u 3:6. Oo.d)' ",b.ed '0 m. nJ<)' of"und......and'ns the bw 'P'",ually" is rhc pnnc>pk. also drnV<'d from l'aul. "'.. ·.h.w",,"" rod.kills.bu, .... Spm' S'Vtlhfe'
'"
(2 Cor 3:6). At the beg,nn,ng ri hi. hornih•• on UvIUCU•. Or,S"n draws. p',a1kl br'Wffn ,h. WO
.n
God ,n ,h. Aesh. the knowkdg< of whruc div,n,,)' w.. g"..,n only '0 . kw. and the Wd thc l'ropltet •. n.. veil of,he Arsh "like lhe yeil of the lcn ... h "p'rnrubrlyimpor·
t.
G.,.UOSIl.,..
.~n., accordlng.o
o,.,g.,n. m k«p m ....mllan
SlfY of offenngs and 11;.( mlnl""n of,ht pnnu.Otherwl'" ,h.
rt~dt,
killl-", me.., wor
hLlLnuP'tgnlC2i worh In dlvttse (
In
will ptrc ..... only',h.I'''er I
In 0«1., ,m, n."·1InO of 'M re",1;o,,,,,, gwm by Ch,lSt. A, och., 11",.. I1 fUnnoont m urge !he bel....
tuu. Som.uma M p"'HM·len.,. ma' kills-,n p",alld wlfh '
tmph ... rz.
no< IOrrnp a•• M beau.yoi m.prop/>eflC Ip:u bul 10 prnnm. ,o.ht meanlngmall>e$ ben .... h them.~ In parallel "'tlh Col ..... "'"' 3:1 ·2 and 2Co"n.hiaru 4:18 fOUrge Ch'Ll''''ru rn' I m. Jp'nnW me>nlng 01 ,h. 'er •• n ordtr , ...., ,hey nuynapt ,ht mnd""", of.u..<s '0
d..,WMn: h. emplo)'J i, Finally h...... "
'0 warn that evon In .h. Ne", Tnumtnt ,hen: "
becomt'""
,h.'I.".. th., kIll,' :
Fot.lrcuI'ollowXl"hcgoopclfot""".""'hc:,·k ....-th., ·klllJ,-·I-k ... ys:Lct ...., '"'" who doe. ""' ....... sword oe!I h.. ,UN< ond t.q ••woni·l:Iddd. "'.. IS m.1=u of m. rord. M-" kln..-~.J)'Wf.lh"Jf"rm.wlr·"doa""'kill.bu,....,.."'n"-.'fP''',!I... gt ... hr.:
Orogrn ..I..so<> m.. pnnnplt.ld
Th. ph....,·.p'mu.1 dungs ",.. h Sf'",.ua1 th,ngs- deno.es. hcrm.ncultcaI proc.du.. Ih., ptrme:lla 1 c:xq;e<wiUd,"""""rinthIlPasJa~m.1n)·5«'r< .. of.p"'foundandh.ddmm)'S!.I')·:For'I p>I"Sticp'~."Ll
..,uorn....ctlu,on....ouldlttkthtcxl'l.,,"'t""'of.,cnnQ<.6gu.. ,norhtr'..
..mn: the ...... ,...,.-d Ll U$td. To ..... !TIOdcmln"'Prctu. cond"ooocd '0 I".,.ory genra and d,ff...n. htl'O ... lc"n .. x... ulttnlS.lm.,.Ic.pricIOUSI"expla,".p ..... gemon.bookbym •• n.cf.p.....geh.vIngon ••bgh. vn-baI "mibrtty from ano
Ill. wffe"",' cpodo. To d
p."'."f.xcg<: ... OI'.,I..",MAI.undr.. n.xcg< .... uchapro
Ongrn ,nvok.. ,h.. procedure e.lnlng how 10 d,,,,,,,,« m. m..ntng of passage! ,h... laun literall ,relmpossib!c: i\«ordlngly ..... ..-horuoUln.n«rn.>nnC.rnrlwS>.·"" .. PI'«<1'I'ha, ...,...-Su ........
Slar."I"="""tf><m<... ,ng"".,,..-.d~.
"'.......
EJse....t.c.. Ongen rela,... "m~e .h.I I;.( he...d from I rabbo In "'tllch ..... SC"p''' ....re ,omp.red wld IhOU.< houw. 'The key men <0 one pa>Ug< of Sc"P'u", IS '" be fOund In orhtr PasJaP \\/..... bI.tound..... ndobs<:urepa$$OgesofSCrip.u .. "'I!.nwc,akcasapoln,ofdcp.,..ur.... mi1;or l"'"
....grtionofSCripmn:.becau"'",h.pnncipl.ofin"'pr.'U"onhub«ndispersed among th.m,"OnS"'n pUts thi, princ'pl. in'o p,acri.. in hIS comm.ntary on Song of Solomon. wh.n:. in order ro <xpl .. n Song2:9.mwh"hthcbelov.discomp.tred ro.gazclleoryoung.r.g.he=bI",:>.llref.rencesro mt«.nu".l< m "mer books ofSc"ptu",. Thi' pro.:tdUrt "f exp!.ining Scripture by Scripture is based on the fund>.mentoU p",rruk that the Holy SpirIt is the true .uthor of the whole Bibl •. In f:Kt, fmm. form:>.l p"mt of view. the prin"pl,,, th" <.tme .. •~plaming Homer by Homer. a rradil;on.1 pnncipk "f AI.x.ndrian philology. which h.d been .pph.d '" otherdusical.uth""suchuPl.a,o.ndH;ppocr:"" A s"nib, if not identic.1 proadurecan be found :>.l",.dy In the Ne,,' Test.ment in the writings ofP>ul InGat.,i.ns3: 16P>ulconsftucu:lnexegee "f th .. pro.:tdure. Or,S"'n does n<>t .ppeou so much '0 ,he exam' pie of P.ul .. '" the prmciple of "oomp.t'ing spiritual th,ngs with 'p",tual,"w\uch he finds ..."d ,n I Cor· ,nthL1ns2;13 ("interp .."ng.piritu:>l tru,hs ro,h""" who p" ...... rh. Sptr;t").Or,gen k= .,obe,h.firs, toil1l.rpre'thi,phr.stu.n.x
of AI.x.ndri •• nd 'n two other wor\:s , CI.men, ..em. 1o h.v. imerprettd the wQrd 'pm,..I ... m.sculin. noun.ndundemood,tto mc.n"'pin'u:>.lm.n:tha,;s.in"i.,eo,'0 ,,+,om,h.·.pintuoUth,ngs"oouldbe S',·tth,. rnethod,,·...mploy<:din,h.jt ..... h.ndp.g.nschool..hulhecons'''.nrly.ppe.1,,0 I>aul •• nis.urnor''Y for 'he method. Thu" for O"gns 2:13. Origen . Iso ,n,i... ,hat onl)' one who" 'pmtual Or perfect tS cap.tble of romp>rtng .pmtual ,hinS' "'tin spiri,u:>.l ,hings_ The person who is .. ilI'p"ttu.lIy' mild (1 Cor 3,1-2). who is nourtShed''''tth milk" and'i, unskillful in the wor
letn...fmru«. .... 'her .!w.y> abound and flow In rh< bttad,h of aptn..w Inl<rpr<'"'''''' n.. dmrm dnnlu.abo
Th .. "",1hod md.c•• td by the pIlrut-cornpati"S'pmn..1 dungs ... ,msptntu.>l.h'ng<·wuiliocorn· btncdby~"""'theuscolttyrn<>logxs.An"'rmology ...... pIoydm~pU«fO""pWn"<XI'"' .. bt .atd...hertYUrNc",,,,,,"",,,,,OCCUr1.o,nu-odu«rNc,,,mtmt'I\lI>gmrothr.<XI.even.hough.hc,uII
m.y bt un.d".d. Thw Origon In,erpm. G.n ..i, 45:27·28. In whIch ,h. n.mtspcob.nd ls ... t1 occur.
'n
'IKh. w.y ,h".he n.me ls ... cI ,ep.... nIJ'p,,,,ual ,",elhgonce.·he who seC< in I", mmd ,h. ",.. 1,(., wh.ch .. Ch.i ... ,he "',. God: H••1.., "'Y' d"" ,he
!WO
n.m ... ,IKob .nd /....,1. c.n bt In .. rp''''cd m .. way
whcrevertheyoccu.mSc"p'u",andgIYU.longliAtolouchoccu.1'C1ICeS. The Mi ..ing Li, e •• 1 Sen.e in In,e.p.e,ingWhat h Ill ogical o r Impo.. iblc In the fourth book of the Pm Arc""" (~.2.9). o, 'gcn •.,... rhe quc ..",n of how one can know whoth.,. p..sagoofSCrip.u •• h... h.. ul..,...., .. wcU ....p,,,tu.>lon. , H .. aru; ........ h .. unhkd)·ming •. which auK d.fficulty or
5Clnd.aI bK.usc they .... unworthy of God. h... $Omct,m" bnn "U
,hey .... ro bt mtnpmtd splntu.>lly .... he. ,lI..n IlIcnll), n.. pnn<.pk hold. true ro. ,he 'n.np.....,""'of thrGoo.pds and thr In.... of 01.. 'p"',Ic. wtuch.ht ... )'$.
the h .. rones. Th .. d,fficulty ... s.gn du. wnt
do"", a1w.ys pra<1I' • limp!< acroun, of thr f:orUM.he 1".r:aI ~1. Ne,ther .h... not.he l~t.r
Ongm then off... examples of m .. pnnc,pIe. Firs, he od«t.sunung!l' hlltoncaJ XCOlU1U. whICh ~ vetlltmillluokouch .. thr , ..... of the Icnowkdgt-ol good:and
r....... ".lUmm"(MI4:8). ~n ......yoth..t In ,... M.,...... 1cgI.L..
'''''' ... well_ .h,n&, . ... -ilIoglCaI·.nd oohtts a..,·,mpouiblt: Among those that • .., ahsunl. he "'.. the eomm.nd no,
'0
u. g..ffon. (lov 11:13), .. "'"
' hcydo ""t u'st. Aft~. fu ",,,,lung n"m~rOUS S1m iL.renm·1
pI... cmg.-nu'.«cMlo.vo.dt... nOllOrllh>< noleg>sLollonlStobe:obsc.......dI" ••a1ly .. mpiybK.uscJOm< :or",""nU a ... illogICal. ~ Iw.w: uwmpt""''' dw aD Sc"P'UR has. spirirual..,..... nd much has .I"tnl .. well u • 'P.n,ua1 manl"S. h=.nd """"and
n.. J>fCIIIPPC"'uon is du, all 5cnp,ur< .. the Won:! of God. d.,..,.,td
'0 III
mal God would "'" g.... w ........m,ng ,ha, has no mun,,,£- If ,h~ ,.,.. does "'" haw.
I,,~ .. I manlng." m..s, h.ve. spomual one.·lllogicaln.... i•• k..,..o '<eogn,%,ng ... h~n ,h~ "X' " n'" '0 be:
tal
John (U 1:20·22). Ongm apl .. n. Ihat the " I.""e of Zc:h.rw.,. ,h. lil.ne" of .h. proph ..... mong.he f'<'opl~ of 1....1. Zechari>.h i. ·,he lm.~
Inso:"u,ions ar" •...
of ,h.. whICh .. (.",cd
OU,
.mong ,h.m up ro our d.:tys.' Tht"
"hou, .ason or ..,not.·Ther ar. unabJc"o gow.n ..:count of .he,. gcsrnres.. Orog
11
.-nJ du, liw" e,rcumc,soon IS a gesnore ....,hou, ""'lI"'ng. LiUw ... the .. Pasoover aoo mne. ~u!J "'" gtsn're$ mh ... dun fTU,h. Up '0 this day .ne poop!< of ....
d>t Word. Tlwy "'" Iih- M<>$d III Egypt {Ex HO}. who ... od '0 theloni.-I am "'" doqunu·[w"hou, worKS,og,...,Moocsdwwordsrospuk {Ex4:11.12.22). Moocs,hord"oreboth<ece,vcd!hewordlloo und ....ood".p..or.boence."T"Mpoop!
word: MO$CIICc.AJlofthe.. ,n,erprc,,uOll.deponalmean· Ing. Th., whlCh!J illoguoal Or wuhout mean,ns"also WIthout the Word of God or dl< Logos.Juu..o Ch".,. ThcLogooalon.:g
n ttsmeir
..gn,fiesdutth<
low...~thou, 0 ...,. no Iongtr .... mean,ng. To rd"usc ,he ...-vd..oon of the Logos. '0 hold fO .he ord""'lICts fO mn.un I frxnd ofrhc Im.,.. rolot·,Ilogt<;al:Thu..o the ..-hokQldT... amcn, could lot wd fO 1ot·,Oog.c;al-"t.m It" nor mtaptttcd In tht I,p., of the Logos.
of rh< old L.w ..
Thc,duthllttheOldTmomc;al·or·.... mout.......,-whcnthey."'noI,n,.,.·
pret«! ,n ,he l'ghtof'he Logos tsobvoowJyOmst ... n,bu"he ",rm'noIogyand the notion of.he mw'ng 1,,,,r.J S(n$C havt I much older history. Already In .he In,ttof An"c'" (the JeCOnd.cenfU'1 RC. :lC(OUnt of ,he ortson of ,he GfUk tr,,,$l,,,on of the Penta,euch) Wc find the admonltlon''''',)'''u mu" no, f.ll 'nto
..,....,l••ndothcr."'h ,h, ngs,h., M<».J drc,.. up
,h.deg,adongod.lIth., "w... outof,cg.rdtomicclnd .. h.. la.... w,th Juch cX<'tt
the~
",dm.nea weu mad. for ,he oakc of rlgh,eousne ..
c"',,,,,,,,:
'0 a,d ,he
'I""'" fOr v,mJe.nd ,he perfectl"g of Onc "'lino! lI"11K! ,he Impl'dSlOll tha, me commen,.,.,. known :u I~AtlSte.. fttIs embarru.od by rh< ,.x,. For hIm ,he I. .... of ,he Pmu,,,,,ch :lr<" the dMndy ,nsptrN wod. of Mous. but ne emno< ,nugo"" ,h.t hIS God ",..,..Jd lot ,,,tc,,,,,od
In
"",lung lows
'Mth uJttt.nce «J the 'utnncn, in Gc ....... 3:B mll' me nun hod hlntS
·W.ttonc "'" «J Intcrpm" aU~·." ....,..Id bt·impouibk· «J KCept the sta,crnctlf. fOr God fills and pm<1r:1.t" ~U thln~ Ind h.u kft no .pot "IlK! or empty of hIS pracnce: Philo nuka ."'.".......... of ,h.
m~t • «rUIn ",n<ept"'" "f God dom"'.t" th. cxcgnic.l p,,,,,,ice of thcsc .u,OOn.
\Vh., "
IrtConsllt(n, wtlh th" conceptIon m"" be: "'tcrp,.,ed .JJ.sonc:alI)". Th" 'ppmach .pparend)· und"loeJ ~Iso P.ul·,Clt."onoflXu,cronom)"25:4 ("You sh.JI not mu::le.n"",,·h;lt",,,,ads ou,gr.",·) ;n I Cor,,,. tbt.1lU 9:8·10. He ,hmmtnt-Jo" for ""en ,h.. God " e<>n«rncd! Dots he not speak enmd)" fur OUr oakd·Th" «hoe< rh • ..",oment of~.Arut .... mcnno",dabo
The embarra.somcn, of the a""im, ""
<ex, d,fficult «J «JCOtJcik ..~m hIS ""'''''' of God IS
ptrhapt.~sstd "'001 durly by Origcn in cornmcn''''gon In;neU$.:
Jf.a
,hokgula,""'wUlapp<" ..,ormyolrhodlvln.""'pl)'.lf,n".ad...,..n""nnrhoktter.ndunde.... nd'h< th,""Wn'tmln,ho .. w:u"-....'orho.l< .... ondlOrho.IOWd.I.m:ubal'l'l«llO .. y.ndlO"""'""tha'God shoWdlu..gwm ...... t-...[ntha'c.... IIwnm ....... lUr:eumpltd>ootRomanoOl"olm.~OI" ol""Spon ..... ...u'""'morcm;t><dond~.IfINU..d"" .... olGod .. >=p
For Orogm-rh< undtrstandmgdu, ,he church ,tachn- mu",
m. ,....ru'oon of aIlegoncalextgUlS
0<
spit
n.u1,n'«prCt."on found .If.''''·ln ,he N ..... T"'t.m~t'l"'mrula,ly in ,h. Pauhne I.ne ... wlllch he undO' Rc-lnod to rh.M'tlKol nnb.ar<~' du,
m. ''''ICf\, ...egne feh ,n d.. pramctof m.... 'UlI ...... hI
conecmforrh<ethlQl.n.doduc."onal.ff«uol,hc:texts..Tht,..... "'..'P,tdonrhe-h.. r:alkv..lww,dan
gnow 0,. pu, d,fferentl)". 'hq
w ..... "n",c"I'"bI. '0 ,he .n... n, cugetc beelus< ,h ... h,.,,1 COn'~t
w.
incompatible with h'$ "h;cal and thc:oIogic:a! I
boob .... ligura.r.dtlwrtfo<-c ... m'" •• ndthc,..ro..undcr
... ndtlxth"'g> ...J:usp,,"'.. I.odrlOl:uc.mal.•"'u.,fyou"".,vrm..m ....rnaLthc}' ... iU""""""'you
IIIlI.adol""" ..... I"',.,...E...... ,n rhcU..rhe"' .. rhokn .. tha,kiIh(2Cot3:6). ... k [rl>tGooprlJoayo.. -Whoeverdoes"", ........word rhouldsdlh .. tunoC"ond bur ••wwd-(UOl2:J6).5«.d"......... rh< km< III
Tht ....... of tmb.arrusmcn, .nd ,he conenn for rh. eth"aI .mpi".""ns of L,.,.a1 ,ad"'g> cl rh< ..,ru h.a ... ,hc.'fW"aIlcb '" ,he nnb.a...--n, and /"eh byG .....k "'",.... ,1'1 ,he prcsnoc:e cl ,he H<>rn.n.. "1"", ...-hoc:!. pUl-ed. role In G,,,,,k culru", and I
""""cm
""''''y.
and Ch" .... n ThIS pr<>blenl ".viden, .Itc.dy In ,h.dusi, ph il.,>neIj.ndtduca''''''ft>I"m.>.nyunrun.. b«....... cl,heHomcriccpia un,ral role In me G"",k educatoon.allJ'S,nn. Tht I""nst" exegn",.,ntdlecrually formed
,n ,he ,rad,ncnaI
G ..... k IChooI •. undcub,tdl)' learntd ,he ,rad",ooul mcthcd. cl,m'rpreltng H"m...nd c.",td ,h., "P!'rNChJO,ward,o,hti,Scnp'Ul';Ilstudics.
S.. mmary-andC .. ndu . ion Ih.~J>"""'fodrhlllurvq·cf,hep"nC1p1"'cflntc",.."."on.csp«wl)',hoocustdbrOngtnb«.usche ..
,he ~'It Ch';'".. n 0'<,&<'< ,,,.!temp' .o,odify ,he.. proccdur... nd his "",k had enormouS m!1~nce. 0,.;. gtn ,hcuj;h, du, he wao ,mtt'''ng P.wland appIy'ng his rules In "'rttp"'''''g the: Se,,""'..... In f"" . ..,.,.,. 01 hlSpnnc,plcslu~odwr....,rr .... l'hcst,ndudcdwUICof.rymoIog ... togen.m.aIkgoncal'n'<rp"' .._
't<,...
and rht """on of ,he m .... ng l".raJ S
'ex" as ~U. It com"
mroplay parflcuhrfr III dfOru '0 miucc mthropomo
Nt<-d1 .... rouy.not..tlof ..... pa,..suclntcrpm.... usedalJofthcstruks.Somot.np«wlt·menotl""of tht mIssing I,ura! KnK. b«~mt ob)tcu of ron'rovenr. The AnuoclKnc .u,hors ,n parucuhr tried '0 I,mn
,IK UK of .Iltgory. 1'CS";'-'IIng" '0 ,host ca ....... her<. p.",lld. called Iypology.
bc,~en
Old
.nd New Test.ment figura and evem •.
n.. early Ch"""n m,crpr<,eNof ,IK Old Taumcn, S!_
I>0I.l""'''''''''
ogtnc.ip«Ul..",·e-bu,.bovc all ,hey wc .. rnnccrncd '0 P""''''' 'I''''nW ror Ihm rongrrga· t.om.Thcm,crprrt.,I
sp'''''''')
pouihk w,ng ,he rul", .xpt..,ncd~. h. 5<>Ugh, ,a find .... h nour ..hmenl ,n ,h. New Te ... melll and th.n rc.d n ,n,o ,h. Old T<$t.menr ,ex,. Th. An,io.:!,.ne authors ...... <11 ,.. the
""J"I'"yofth.Alcxandn.n'nrcrpre'..... sh.redthi'pcrsperll,...Thu.,hc.""rof,hcp.tr .."hsbo:comes ....llIck for "ach,ng N.... T<$ramcn, doctnnc
12:1·3 THE CALL AND THE PROMISE
' Now Ih. LOI.D 'Q"j 10 Ab.Qm , 'Go from Jour (OUM'J nd JOu. kmd.td nd JOu, f41htri bow.t 10 ,h. 14nd ,h«r I ""II.ho", JOu. ' And I "",11 m~k. of JOU 4 grr~r n~lIOn. and I w,1I Eoltu JOu. and make yo., nam. grrar .•o rhAt JOu will br a blwlng. ' I will blm ,hou who blm JOu. and hIm who 'urm JOu I "'ill cum; and by you 011 rh. faml/i •• of tb •• ortb .hall h/m themu/v, .. .. • 00 • .,.. .....
1-"-~
... _ _ .. _
O'-~Il'· ' .""
a,S 'M ,ns wnh Phi )<>, ,h. nil and rJ,.m'gro\1onofAbr.hamcam.,ob.,n,t'pr."d oJlrgo.lCally to .. pr... ntaU' ...... who"n.krlake rb. 'pm,,,.1 )OII.n.y (A...-ow-< 1"Hti GIlEAT), tomm.nd '0 I.... h,.,ounrry ...J... ,ann.n.d toj<sus·,.II,o·followm. ·( D,nY .. II.TH I SLlHDj Thrd"." ,nflu.",. of Ph,Jo .....,d.n' ,n ,h. ,n' "rpr.""on.,[Ab-uham ...II.m'ndth.... com m.ndtnI CA... aoSi). Abrah,m".I ,om"'pro"daoa modeJaff." h CAu.;un'Na). lnaJ".. d... lapm.n •.• h•• II'ga r • " oJ'"tcrprc.."onofPh,loalroadyobSon·,. ... n'obcfulr.lI.d), .. nllrb~, . 1... 'p'f)fuallr b... u.. "~.g''''n ... ),.. ,n _.. ru. CO' ..... IISTH.BLlND).Th.prom'... omake·yo~' n.m.g .... · "~nd" ...,ood,ob.ruIr.lled.n,h. r.ct,h.,.II.,n{)ud,ng.h.j<w •. cI&lmk,n. h,p
God.
.11.
Wlt " Ab .. h.m (C".rSO!iTo,,). Th .. prom,... how ........ only .n .. "hly .. n".wh,l.th.p'om'''' .h•• ·.1I ,h. i.m,ltu of rhe ... rh· w,1I b. bI.ued .n Abraham nlyo""fulfoll.d ,n ,h. n.. 'on ....d,nChm,from.ll'h.f.m,huof,h. .. "h.Th"on"man. wh ... b.nd"".d.h.I.ndof 1hb.1 ..... n. forth from .. ",ilhnglyb)·.h.or.krof ,h"loni.h.y.ngh...d.dd"ued, .. h,m",lithe pfOm, .. ,h.. ,nan.
" .h....
12,\ n..C.llfro ",Cod Gu'o~<> BT T'"
S~' .'T. ANTO'" TH ~ GnAT Som...... " rcached by ,h"Word of God 'hrough ,h. lawafprom ... and.he dllCernmen' of,h. good ,nh... n, ,n ,h.m from ,h."r. .... form."on. Th'ydidno,h.,,,,,.bu.follow
G ...UI">;'-)
Whe ...... nd wh~nen' '''Ull.nd", •• nd boWl" ",hq ...iI" ....,n ,h... "".. , "n« ,h." h.. ,u .re r• .dy '0 bt gu,d,d by ,h. Sp""o(God. Lu-
w,nl (o"h .h. on. who •• hom.land" ,n .h, h, ••• n•. O"A ...... HA .. ,.'_l.' A.UH ...
B .~ ,n.D GOD'~
p ..",., n. AU\)U5'
v.".,-r... "gh"h,ng,odo.bro.h..".n.d ......... W,IY H.t .. T.D,ov .. "sT".IIL, .. .,:h"no, by ,h.nce ,h.. God orde" Ab"h.m '0 1.... h,. bnd.ndh,.r<:I.".<:.bu,b«.Ukh~k .. 'nh,m oome.h,ng.h.. ~e.h,mwo"hro(bt'ng'h. obJCC, o(dl~'n.D pro· cl.,m •. -Jfanyon,w"h .. '0 (ollow me and dou no,h ... hi.r.. h... h"b,o,h ..l ,h,. ......... nd ....n h"w,&.nd,hild .. n.h.nn"", be my d, .. ,_ pk-'Th.tOldd,dnOlNy,hu,no.der,opro. ...,keh.rr.dofon".rel>"""•. bu"("",,oI,h.m beeomu.nob...d.,o.",u<,,,,,n ..ce,,,.. y'o h... h,nlfor.'rDI""ud.of.f.,he,·s"".. n. 'he ,n"'" p<"f>Dn. Th" m,nd .h.n ..... In Hat.n. ,hat ... ,ncavrrn •.• ubj«"o.h.d,ffi:"n,p'" . ;on •. Fo"h",u>Dnn",old,·Gofromyour coun"y.-,hat ... f,omy<>u,bod)·.From,hi,l'nd
,0.....
".obtl,.veGodbtfo,.h.p.y."p.ny.h'~g.bt.
caukJu" .. hec.nno' pou,hlyl" .• oh.canno, d.c<,~. For h~ i. God. Th .. '. 10",,· ou, .nCn,oacoun"y",h"eJ willg, .. Y"".-And ... bth.ve
,h.
Ourr..nd"ourbody:~gofor,hrror
'(.$AI"'. U,.;Itf<M'I"I' 'M"llAcf_M'I"; 2·'UI6-)f..'CSI;L)2'~·\\'$.\)~118·
·l e..-
OIIrland if ..... b.ndonou'c.. n. lh.b""ofoll,,'"
~£~~~t~~~~i~~f~~f;~"
Truly. bro< ....... <>M who 1> ch.ng.d,hl&, outof loo'< fo< God h>pp,ly 1....~.I"l own 1.nd. F'n.>lly. .... n inp<' ... ' •• nn." .. "on.,fon.wh" .. "',.hd wdd.p". m.b .... hroughbop". muhu buoe!andof,helov,ng.h .. ,h.""'Ybndof .hidlthep ... lm,.".b,,,:Ib.opmm... I oa,d,"e h."" brr<>m< d..Ww:l of'h.t..'ng.nd ..... .,f,h.dymg. ,h., ... of""" .,,'un.ndnotof,ht."... H..-•••.• h .. i"n1cI,¥Jngw.do..."p".fo.m.tu, w...-on..y. wlCkN d..,dJ of de ..... ·And come: Lord:,n,o, ... land ""I"chI wlll.ho"" J'O".:h ........ n'h."h.nw'wlllcmn'wnhJoy "'dwl.nd,.... God.h_. " . ,f ... nhh .. h.lpwt: &m:repd .. n• • nd~I
,0
C'
"Y'''''
Oua K"'noLK A ... 0". SIHS AHI) V,e ... c..U'O'.... ulo.A.Lu: ·Ln•• Y"u.k.J ...folk.-Our lrn..rl ... il.hto ..ghbap... mw •• .., wiII"",obtolo.hr"l.nd,dl • • I{, ....... ,.. .. >t1l wri." ntn.h.Go'p
-Wh.n,h."nck.n 'p"nh"gonto"t ofam.n. h.ro.nu'h.oughd'Yplac.. 'n~ ..chof .." .nd find. non •. If.f..,h...""... tu,findsh"t.ou .. ulMlCcupl.d.h...k..... nhh,m .... no.h.t·r"'" mo""il,".nn,m.cy could no, h.v.bt.nbocnofh,m , hu"hcyd,d ..·.nt'o,m'. .."h,m.Th .. f"'.'h .. 'n.d •• il ...... ou.fir.. f.th ... h'p"lm, .... 1~ ... 'n,h.p<'lOflofGod .~.k,ns'o,h.rhurch,-H .... Od~ugh ..... nd ... :'ucnyour .... forg.. your~opl •• ndyour f.. h.... ho" ...-" SU"ON 80.). "
12:2 A Promi.. of. Grur Nal;U A Ii .A •• NU GUATNHU. Dm... u. TH. IhtND; A. for ,h. promlS< m.k, ofh,m-' g .... n."on:i.nn ....... 'Y.ogl.... munlnj;0.h.. ,h.n ,h. h.. ul on.' Brc..... n .. d .... h.. " ...... ... h:cdmluh,,,ort,,l .. n... 6 u•. h.vtngh< .
'0
'I'O P.I)(1""' )OOO) 'R; ... J·... ·."M.
:No I, "FGo47'" "jn "'"
ll>4 l-46.·'Soo"""'
.,...~ t U\ ...IJ
IX.).
" FC"~
b
'he n.m." m.d. gr.. , .nd b<~om .. ,.1.b,.,.db<,oml"n"dbyv",,,•• ndby ,ha'b<."I)·wht
"u'·. Goo-Fu ....", Q "'"u", ,u . CH.""
Th. "'0p< of Ih. prom ... " u".ord,· nuy:·I ...,Il""uyou'gru, na""",1 "'ill blc .. you.nd magntfyy"urnam.: No, only "",11 I pI...-.you~"h.hudof.gr< .. n."on.ndca" .. yourn.m.'obrgru,.bu ...... II.-I ... ,lIbI... )·ou .• nd)·ouw,lIbrbl ....d:I .... ,lIf•• oryo" ... "h ... mu.h bI...,ng........ YJ .• h.. " .. ,III... fOl" • 11"m•. -rouw,llbebl....d-,o.uch.n .... nt .h•••...,'Y 0n....'llbe.n.iou.'o,hru."h.m..I... ,n,oyou,comr·ny,nprrf",.n •• ,o,h. h'Sh ... hono •. Su how God .. gh. f.om ,h. be· s,nn,ngfo...oId,oh,,,,.h.honorh.wouldl.tn •• ~ryon ....."m... on' For ,h. "rn. btmg, how.,,«. be fo" ,h''''1uel ,It~ J~" m.n·. God·f.acong '1ua1"'...r< d.mon· • " ...d on ,h. ".y h~brl ..".d ,h~ ,..".d.C"Om.ng SOUO .. :
from God.nd a••• p.ed wuhou,d.mur •• «y_ ,h,ng.d,fficuh,houghtt ..e",cd.HoN.UESo .. G.N.S"JI,'j."
12; } Th. E"'tu l ~f t". Pr~", is< TH . G ... E ...... 'Oo; .. . T N . S . . . 'T U AL Is ....... H~OH: Th. prom". of ,h .. bI.nlng" gru«r .nd mo ... mpo".n, ,h.n ,bt p..cedmg on •. Thar w.. .... hlr. ,h" on." he.v.nlr... n<~ ,h.. on. re· f.rr.d,o,h'g.".c."onof,hel1•• hlyl ...eI.nd ,h"."..,o.h'I"nttonof,h"p""u.lbrxl: ,h., on •• o,h.na"onhornf.omh,m.cco,d.ng'o ,h.fk.h.nd,h,.on•• o,hcg.n&tl.P.ul"r··-lf,..,.. ... of Ch"".ro~."'h.n'h •• ccdol'Ab.. h.m:" Th&d~ mean, ",h.nhc'pok.of,h.",!
,0
I
"S'''_~I_''SCloM')''''),''UJ.''''J9. ''M,l1-9•
"A:~!-06."GoI"-"'."CO.JL""'J6f.
12:4"9 MIGRATION FROM HARAN TO BE T HE L
'50 A&r~m IV.M. ~I Ih! Lou> h~d lold h,m, a~d LOI IV,"I Will, h,m. A\tr~m wa • •tprnr,-fwr "arJ old whr" h. d'porud f,om Hor~n. 'A nd Abr~m rook Saral hi' wifr. "nd Lor hll bro rh.. ! Ion. and 011 rhm pOlltJIIO"' ...hi,h Ih', h~d gorbtr.d. nd Ih. pmo", Ihal Ih., h~d gorun In Horn; o"d rht, Jfr fOrlh 10 go ro lb. lud of C,,"oon. \Vb." Ih!] hod ro m. ro lb. I~nd of Co"oan. ·"b,am paHtd r~r.ugh rht I.nd ro rh. plaer ~r Sh"h.m , rD rb. oaf of Mortb. Ar rhol li ..t I~' CO"~O""" ...... '" rbt 10"J. 'Thtn rh. LOlD ~pprorrJ 10 Ab, .... ~"d IOIJ. "To ,our dll,nJon" 1 IVllIgwt rb .. I,,"d." So hr hl/r Ibt .. o" allar ro rbt LolD, ...~o hodopp.orrd ro b,,,, 'Th ,",t h. ,,,,,op.a ro rht mow"Wln On Ih, ro1l of Btrhd. and p"(htJ h.. unr. wllb Stlht! on Iht u·m o..d Ai on rh, t~lr, o"d rh ... h. hdr 0" .Iror 10 rb. Loao o~d (ollrd 0" rl.. "omt of I"'LoaD. ·A"J"it.om)owr"fJtdon.lliIIgo'"glo .... rJlh.N.g.b.
OVE ...,U "', Abr.ham·.dcr· nu ", " In,crp",..d .1I
12,4
A"r~"~,,,'1
Ob.di." u
WI Go FO IITK •• 0 .. 0". L ..., ... B... ~: In thlJ.h"£<"ngfor.hbyd,v,n.ronhfromo~.I.ndwh.n"' ... noun •• ,h< plu.u,.. of,h.n.. h,f,omou,k,nwh.n"n.h. trI, . . ur
l..... 'M ..·orld,..clf ..."hn,h.ad.,h.d.v,I....1I ofu., 'nf.... l>rcou.. oftl"fi"'d,sobcd .. n...... born ,nto.M w""d .. ..,.,.of,h.d•• ,LBu'. ,hrough,h.g.... of ..,.n..."on,.II,ho..... ho belons,o,h •••• do(Ab .. ham."m.J • ..,n.of God.b«.us< ....,F.,h" .. ho",nhuven ' .. Y"o u••• h.,,,.,oh,,.hu .. h.·Ht ... Od~u,h ..r.",,, • .. drr, and ,nchnryou,ur;(o'getyou1 p«>pl.and your f"h.,.. hou ..:' 0" Ge",sls J.'
IT \\.'u T HI SO" WHO Wu SU N. NOV~TIA" PI.... ...,.. ,h.t'hr ... mrM~ ...J'f"n.no'hrr p....g. ,h .. God'pp' ...d '0 Ab .. h.m, y.. ,h. .. m. Mo••• h.... from God ,hat no man un ... God.nd hv • .' lfGodc.nno, bc ...... ho ... d,d God'pp'>r'lfh"pp'a,.,d.hnw"",h.,h...n· no, bc ... nl Fo,john .. y... mil.rly."Noon< h.. ,yrr ... n God .... And.h ••"...d, P.ul .. Y'. "'Nhom nO m." hu.un o,c.n ... :"8u'et'. u'nlrScr;p,ured<><.no,hr;,hr,ero"God",.. ".ny ...n ....«o,d,ngly'h....nonLym.. n'h.. " •·•• no,th. F.,h". who ""v.. h.. be ... ".n .• h.,
'M, .., ""&'01...." ..... ) 'O:l.UIlAI"II-n ILl.LJo.I,l.">T."L6.
~Iuo.,.
w""
sun. bu' ,h~ Son ........ wJ!kd '<,>dtSund and ,obtK.n.for,h~ .. mpkr.:uon'ha,h.hud,· ... nd"d. In f..".h"" ,h.-,mag.or,h. ,nvlSibk God:·,h.,ourl,mncdhum.nn.. u",.ndf,.,hy m'gh' In ""'" grow .uu.."",cd '0 .... God 'he F.,ht<,nh,mwho",n.l=g.ofGod.,h." •. ,n 'he Son of God. Gradu.lly.nd by d"g", ... hu. m.nfn,hyhad,obt ...eng,hcncdbymcan.of Im'g, for ,h'gloryofbtms.bl.on.d.y '0 ... God,n,Fuh«.ONT".TR'''rTT,$'''J''
,n,
T .. . AYH.U. 00 Goo. A....on' \Vh.", ,h.", 11 lk,h,I.,ha,,..,h.houstofGod. ,h.", ".1... ,h••h... wt.."',t.. .. "rh•• I.... 'h...... bo ,h.call,ngon ,h.n."", of God. It tI noT by
chan
12:10·16 ABRAHAM GOES TO EGYPT
'ONow r~.rt ... 01 a f~,"m. ,n r~. land. So Abram .... nl do ... n ro EDpr ro I")OUrn rh.". f •• th. fam,n ....~ll
f.m,n.
,n, ..·
O"uv,mw, n., ,n ,h.l.nd can bt p.... d.p"',""II>"H,h~fa,lur",oh .. "h.... o,d
ofGod.Follow,ng,h"m'~rpr.u"on"'I'h,lo.n
"''''ph." ..d,h .. Abr>h'mg"",d"wn,,,Egyp'. no',od ....1I ,h... bu, '''-'''Jou,,,-,h,,, •. · Th. JloryofAbrahamp,"tngoffh"wif"lh'II'"" off".dacon"d... bl.ch.n.ng.,op. tri"'c,n .. r· p....".On,h.ln... II ..·eI.ncouldbt ........ d .. d ..........g)·.whil.on,h •• p"', ... ll... I.wh ••• S... h "p..stn...",u •• ttco"ldbt ,n'''p" .. d .. mod,.. y.ndp.ud.",. "milar '0 ,h., ol 1'...1,n h"d •• ltng .... nhd,vo ..,p«Jpks. n. ••,ftuou. dono, .. y,h ....,"uth•• btcome'h." ..dIlIl V•
l'"vdogo,nonk,no"opro,·ok"h<Ju!ou.,.of ,ho.. whodonoth.V
ch.rg~
"" .. {Dto"
,ng.bouI,hedc.".bil"yof ... k,ng."'ut,n. w,r.r.,h .. ,h.nbtau'y.nd ..chco(A...oou). S.... h·••• p< ... n
'n..·t...:-."'-.... _Ecrro_ . __ -..,. .... _.....,. ...... _..... __ 1)0...."'-,...1QlAJ-oIOp-l.TI
•h.upc,,
h.m",nterp .. t~ .... ,he .y mboh,le ... J,o .. p... _""' ....... rdofhumil")'(D".... usTl. . Ou"p)
T" .TNDLo",,". H .~ .DT " . '",O"DOFTH E
Lo .. o.D,oT"usT... SLl~p'Th.
",10,.. Tho.. who"e wou ,n God'K'bove the ..'m... roe<.hcy .... ""'CJI,h......h.Af.m'n. then<.me~r.hrm .bttau .. fortllosewho .reDu, ...,hly,hong •. ,hereoftnu.e he h.d .ymp.· thy for ,h •• ,'''m. of .h. fam,n •. Lilr..w, .. D.mel .nd hIS
SAU U R n . . . . "TS V ' RTU •• D,,,vwus THB Bu"o,On,h.lucra.lk..lAb .. h.mmadt.n ,n«II,S'n, comprom,w wuh .h.I""f"ln." of .10. Egyp".nl,bc,ngcc".,n,hatCod.whoh.dm.d. hIm I.... hll own.ountry, would "·."hov.rh,, m.rn.S'.H •• ugg."cd,oh"w,f.,h.,.h.,,1I 'h<m,h...h< ..... h" ."",.be.. u.. ,f.h.y ...... ,oId,h.,.nd ""Iy.h .... ,h .. begonmng...h
SOmuch(or,h.It....ll .... I.A.fo"htJp"' • ,ual munong. thou who p'" (rom .,"U. ,0 .,et rod .... nd,n'o Egyp'.One find. CJI"n m 'heSCrop'.... I.·W.,.'o.ho..... hod ..e,,, •. "f«ie. not '''provolte.h< J
ar.
':5C:.o.+t,.,...'GooJlU;:' · Ic..9.»21.'AP~'T.
Ul. 'lc..,~. ~.-..._ .. _",,",s.....
aIIoJon<>Ilr .. _.So
u.low m.u\, bu., h~ do.. not kup 1><. fe. h"nJ.. .,u""h... ngh«""""ut,on ofyou,h",Hw,d"pr..d.< mode .. y of h"w,f.wo"ldb.d.f.n .. I.... nd,h.,h .. be.u.y wouldbt.d.angerfo,h,m.Soh.,oldh" ... ,f.,o .. y.h.,.h."'· .. h"., ...., By'huw.... uught .h.,n"no,.omuchbe.u'y,h.,on •• hould ••• k ,n.w,f.,for,h"oflsno,ofmorc:no· bl.ong,n.Th ... fo ... h.d,dno, ,hinkher h".· b.and",f.norbu,lov.dh,m .. on.of'qu.1 d'gnny.ShewHno,h.ldbukb)·nch ... byhu pu.n,.. by 1><, u~,,~ b", .h. follow.d I>
•.
... k,ng,o.n.n.rc:h .. mode"ywouldh.""lnll.d h,m ... rtv.l.ndd.f.nd" ofh" w,f.,Th. Egyp. "an•. ,n f.c, ... soon .. ,h.y .. ", h", ,..uck by h.. uncommonh<.u')·.p .... ntedh .. 'o'htk,ng and """,.d Abrah.m ... uh r..pc«. honormg h'm .. "otbro,h.. ofh«who"'''plullng'o,h.t kmg.O"A .... " ... u.6." A . ... "u, I) ", NOT D.",. T .... ,. S ... .. w.. & H, . \ V" ,•• Au,aIST' Nu:H .. ,ngbuih.n.l"r ,h•••• ndc.lI.d"ponGod..Ab .. h.mproc ..d.d ,h.n«.nddwclt,n,h.d.e.. rt'I\J",",.ompeUcd bypr..."reoff.m,... ,ogo"",n,oEgyp •. Th.rc: h.c.ll.dh ..... ,f.h" ...' .... nd h.,old no h•. Fo, .!,e ..... ,h, •• l.o,becau...h.w>snurofblood.: ju.... Lo'.on.«oun'of,h... m.n.. rn .... be. ingh"bro\h< Lord do ,OOIt pi.... f01' Pt... r.oh.k,ngofEgyp •• whoh.d .. ken h.. 'oh,m .. h.. w,f•.•~"o .. dh
,0
,cd,odo,h".CIT,.o~Goto.6.". ·
A .... HU' G ...... Hu ..... RU50 ... h" .... THRSU'."'Ab.. h.mg •••• hum.n ...son •• hum.nbe'ng.do.N •••"hol.... bec ..... s.... h ,hough,,, ...:u Abuh.m ... ho "'...",,1 •. oh. "'... ,U<.. ,0.h.tp.lac •. r n."h'Pf"'ncd J fi ..,. 00 ,h.. >h. m'gh' lu.n ,ha< i, w>s .h. who "'", barun: .erond .... 'h.'h.. I"".r..rh.rhulb.ndmlgh'b. .«n.for.h.d,dno, ..ch.nge[h.rhu. b.ndJfo ••
',c..a.
14O,1 __
·'CotH.
"_'~)I.U. '''''·~UIX<-
"'Clllll,_'."NP~'f'l<1U'
''Se
kmgwh,I •• h,w"''''Journcr:.nd(I ... ].• o,hat ,h.rny.... yofh •• d••«nd.num,gh,~p,dig. uwl,nh ••. J.......... h.dnokw.fo.,h.k,ng· dorno(Egyp,.,h.y ........ ldno.lovcc.h.odoI •.• h. g.. h
G",..OSIS,.).'·
",,"HAM E"TBIIHDE" ... T. D''''''..,S THB
S",..p:Th.,n .. lhg.n'''''''gyo(,h'p .....",h Q,dno,(.,I.Theyd,dno, ... k,odoh,rnharm MORoY ... ..... yo ..,oi"p.... n'ed,u.lf"'.h., " .. m.orn.. '"of,h.hoIr .... nwo .. ldno,~.IO· iJltd.bec..... 'h.ESyp .... n.d,dno,fl,ng,h.m· •• I.... on,h ....om.n.eI' nq .. " h.dbyh ,m ,II .."t.. offic,.! •.• (.. ,h... ,ng ... nhn.,norde"oob, .. n
,h<S··",ud.of,h.krng.pr ... n.. d hec ,oh ,mu agif,.and,h ... "h' ppcn.d ,h."h.y" ... ,«I Ab .. h.. m .... Ilb«.II ... ofh ••. Ab .. ham.n«ud,hen ,ntO EgYP"U'g<>"uJly by.d.p'rngh,m.. lfHon.of,h.~rf.c"o'h. ,m~.f«'rnord .. 'odogood,o,h.min.... dor hold,ngon'o."' ....... pfO.,I.g< . ... h•• ~.n ...,d.bov •. bu"noh"""ngh.. ,,,.II .. h,, ....... ,nhumil"y.""h.. bycon'.rnrbllngher,h.y rn'gh'com •• oloY.hl'Ie.. tly ......dEgyp'''.n.'''m. m.n ... ho .... pu...,wl>oh ..... g....,c.. p..ctlyfo, ~t< ...
lng"," .. '.And,h.)'no'onl)'~«c,v.d
h... bu"h<)"n,roduc.dh.. ,o,h.",u~"or. ,h •• '•.• o.h.t •••",n ,h..,s"",m, ,h.tm .• nd ,h,y pr....dh.t.O .. G£Io.OS .. 12 .. ..
12:17·20 ABRAHAM DEPARTS FROM EGYPT
" Bur rh, L"i.D ~ff!,(ltd PhQrQDh .md b" "GW,. wllh grur pl~gw.s "'(Q"S' of SQ'~' • .... b,~"'·s ..,(•. " So Pharuh call.d .... br~m. nd 'a,d. ·Wh.r 11 rbi' JGW hQv. dG'" rG m.! WbJ d,d JOW ~or
,.11 m. r"~r ,I" "'., JOU' ... if.! " WhJ d,d JGU laJ. ·Sh. is mJ mUT: 'D rhar J rook hrr for mJ ""'f'? Now rh,,, , hfr. i, your Wift, ,.kt h". and e. gOnt : ~"""d Pharaoh g_v. m." ord ... bou'ch ..",y ,n m....",S' ( .... "'..on). Ph...oh·. q""..,on, 10 Abrah.m .. ~ .. ~n u ,h. n.ult of " .... nd'h.f... orGod,n."II~d,nh,mbyp~n. "hm.",.H, . .."o.. "onorS... h",Ab,.h.m,. ...,denctofGod·,prov,d.n<eindifficuh." .... ,,,,,, •. Ab .. ham·.d'p.tlu .. f,,,,,,Egyp< ... ,,h.n h<~.a.d" ... n .... d.mon" .."onof,h.t ....... n:I. for ",.l• • nd.nduunre(C" ..rIlOSTO"),
12:17 Th.Ll>rd ....ff/iwPhQruh NHCUSny 00 M~,,, To\ '''''''' C""nITY. ........ on: Th"p ...... gt" " .. g........ "n.... nd d.mon"raflonof,h.n.«",,)· ofm .. mu,n,ng ch ..,i,y.•• hortl"s··tryone,o.ho ... h,m.e!f ch..... no"olongf""h.~dof.no'hc •• ndno' ,o ..duc. ,h...,f,ofano,hel.,ounflngon rh. ho~ofnorbe,ngd, .. o~ .. d.ndofgo'ngunpun· "h.d,h .. ho,,,.lInot ,ol.. th.m ... I.... be TH.
TOM:\Vb>t ,m.~m."on"dlUIV.lt."ongu. O.,,,an .• nd).. ,.h. luv<:.h"rT<:.. n<<:un,ouch.d.v,,,hh"'po ... g'wnup ... hop!. pow" ,n ,v''Y ctrcum... "" •. HaM'c,u a>: GE>:·
t.mp,.dby ncgl.ct ... a.by a p.alang.dabscnco. God. ,i>c d.f.nd •• of m~.r"g< ... p.u.,n,. Fro", lI"nna,II,ng •• maln.h,ddcn.na,lI,ng'sc,po' h,m.and no an. c.n ",.kc'potl ofll,m.God ukuon,htuskofth •• bscntllusband.nd m.mUm. the 'tn'md •. lnd«d . ••• n ,""hau, scn,,,,.lsht.u.pnsc •• h'guJI'l'b,,forth.puts ,n.oorllonwhalht.d. ln,h'lOul of."h on •. 'n ,h. m,ndof.ll ht'«ogn,=<. guih.Aduh ...... v.n,fynuh ••• d.«, •• d,h. hu.band.youdana,d«.,y.God.E •• nifyou ha••• sc.ped from ,h. husb.and •••• n ,(ynuha... m.d •• port afrh'Judgt of,h. ",hun.l . you do no,.sc.pefrom,h.Judg.af,h.whol ....arld.H. pum,h., w"h g.utt'l
,h.
.... )•. n.'
TH. O. O/UIT PK',., H, . T. 'A LS. C ....:JO.· To .. :Youwouldbe"gh"n'pply,ng,o,h"JuSl m.n,ho .. ""'.d.,h.. bl....dP •• ,du..dof ,ho.. who •• ,u,nedfromrh'''p''''''y.nB.ab)·. 10n:"Tllough,h·YlOw,ntea".,h'yw,II".p,n )cIT"'.y.nd .... p, ... ,hey"'" ,h,,, ••,J.d,oohow "'pocofo.,h......... holO.n)n<·•• ".n"on. H"pu'pose.you . ... 'np.. m""ngcvcry,h",g.ndln.lIo ... 'ng,h. J'''' m.an .. t"aJ ••o ..... h.uch.p"'n' ...·.. ,h.. hil .ndu •• n<.m'gh"ppearmareconJp>
F .... QUEJoICHU.. THnF'. 8o. 1'H ..... OH ·'
,0
ANCU. CHkV50sTa.. :No1< ,h.. ,h ••••• "'yof ,hepun"hm.nt d.p ...... dh" ,hlOk,ng.,o,h.u. .. n,oflud,ngh,m,oofl".r.nucu.. toth'JUlt m.n"nd sha," "'g'" of",,,)' Clre farh,m. And ~,h~ God', g.act na, b".n acflY<: ,n 'rpo""'g h"m ,nd.nd'n"ilhngf... ,n,ah ,m.,h.con •• • qucnuwouldh ..... b".n,h.,h.""'uldh.,·. Oown 'n,o.n".n wa'l< .. mpor '0 ,h..... n' of • ".mr"ns·a ..·.n'h.Kor<w"hh"d.u, .... ,h<ju"m.n.w.uk,ngh" ...nj: ••"".onh,mand bnng,ngh,m,a,hruh,m.'<ponI.H.d,dnon.of ,h". how ••••• Fur qu.nch.d ,h. fi ... ofhi •• ng", HIS an. Cont,I".vo.f.omonn,gh. HOM .. 'UONGKN.SlSJ"".'
gooOm,",,,,,",.
Do y"""". d...ly beloy.d. ,he magnttud< of .h. b"n.fi,
Go"·, P.oV " )... c.I~MA ""'LOU ,.CH":JOS·
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"'mu'.. "'u .. g< .... mu,h.ff"""onfOl"n~.n. o.h".,u,h.l>c>ndofl"veILe.u,.II,m".. ~,h .. • ndn.v~.be'om.d"r,ru.d".e"n .. d.r,h~"n •• ' of"ibul."""",, be. m.,k <>f.b.ndonm.n, "n
God"p ..'''•• nond.~"fKorn.R •• h'',I'IU' ,.., •• " ••• h.,k ..... d.man .... "anafGod'. p.oy,d~".I .... far u'. HQ.... ,u ON G ... u,. j:·:4·H
13:1·7 ABRAHAM DEPARTS FOR BETHEL
'So Abr~m .... nl wp f.om EfJpl, h. and hi$ ...if" and all ,ha, h. had, and Lo, ...1110 hIm. InIO 110, N.g.b 'Noli' Abr~", lI'al v"J ",10 ,n CAlrl •. 'n ,;1vrr. and in gold. ' And h. Jo"rncy.d 0>, f.om rio, N'g,"aJfa.as B"h,l.rorh'pla"wh, .. hiJrrnthaJbwlarrh,btgi,,"ing,b"M"tnBtrhtland Ai. '/0 ,h. plau wh.Tt 10, had ",ad, an Qliar A' rh, [om; and Ih.r. Ab,a", (al/.d an ,10, nQm' of rh. LO~D. 'And Lo, ....100 1I"nl ",,110 Abr~m. al." hadj!",L and h,rd, and /(nll. ·10 .h~ •• 10, land cowldno'lwpporrbolhoflh,,,,d ...dl,ng'ogrrbrr;!,,rlh'''polJ'Jllon IW,rtlogrrdl.ha.,hcyco"ld nOI d",dllogrlh ••. 'and th ... Wd , "'if' brrwtt" th. "",IJm,,, of Abram'J calli, and rb. h"d"",,, ofLot'ICaul"Arlhalllm'lb,Ca"aanllrJa"dth,Ptrinu'ld",tll,nlb• land. OvH''''..... 'On •• p""u.lar.JI.go"coll•• t1.fol lowmg Ph,lo. Abnh.m·. retu.n fTOm Egyp' ..."h h.....,r.'.nbe'n..'p....d'o ..gnifylhem,nd ,h •• poN<.k. Y . . 'U~. Abuh.m·. ng,,,,,nurl,.r byOt-'g.n .nd D,dymu •. H,. nof,h,n.m.Lo, 'ugg..... nupl.n."onof ... hyh"w .... on. "m. JO,ned ,.."h Abrmam.nd •• a"",ht. "m. Jomed .."hSodom.A'(Of,h.d,,,,,,rd,ha•• ,,,,, •• no.poc~"Ia.g •• naughfo'If {A"."""'),D,,·
SU.AH RBP . ..... n V'"T" •• A''''QU' So Ab .. ham I.f,. I.k,ng with h,m h" wife S... h. wh"hm •• n.·oo .....gn:no'·... v.n'."n.""fo .. " ........,d,oAb.. h.m.·L",.n.oyou, ... ,f.~· uh:' In fac,.&h ... ho"libeu,,,d from.h,,&l£y. "yaromobt.,nl JO"""'gn'y.no, ocrv"ud •. Th.f.fo....oundmondpo........overetgn.". ,ue,whochhudom,n,onon •• h.bodolyknk" ...h"h,.nol.ub)tCI ...hlChhubroughl~k".
.rytlllngfrom Egyp, .... h,ch h:uno, Lef•• hc ••• ny of,h.norm • •h.trrl!ul.t
SP' R' TUAL R , c lI ~ •. AMBRO$": "Ht was ... y "ch; .... n.'u .. I'oro~whow •• no,ll
lu.. ",.d.R",h,nde,h ... ,h.n. ,h .. Sc"pml'C' h.dl>rough,'ohgh,.O .. A.... H~ . . . .S.'o.1t.' GOO·. I·. (> .ID . ... <;~A .. DA . ... ,
o.
A Lovn P UC. A.... Q UI "-. C""YSOSTO .. · Con • .dc"['o!
down'o,hotpl ...... h.r.h.h.dp ... ,ou.lyhuilt ,h•• l, ... Br coll1hgon ,h. n.m.ofGod h. "gh' ffotn,h.""rybcgmmngfulfiU.d,n.n""p."on ,h., .. y,ngofD.v,d.·/would ... h.. bcofnoac. roUR,m ,h. hou .. of my God ,h.n .. k.up""· d.n
tOT LAc,," A R RA " ~"·. S~ 'R'T U~L R,c"u. A....os<:h,.m~'n.'obc ... niflo"oo,h .. ... pht"·.,,... roch.uoncwhobtlong..:ltoth. »m.f.mi1r. 6u, SCrtp'u .... y>only".. , h. h.d ... nycattl •. lnf"",.,h...x,rc.d.:lo,.loo . ..-ho ... n, ..."h Abrah.m.h.d flock •. h..d. and ten ..: H.h.dno"I,.., •. brc..... hc .. uno,IT,J ..·!;'n f.o< •. ·,hrtonS.. col,hcju •• m.an"ltk ... I""rpu n . fi.dbyfi ..... H.h.dnogold,wh'chwa •• h.po •. ..."onof,h.on • ..-ho ..... ,h.po... "'yof Ch ..... of ... homlti .... r" .. n:"Andh"J'O', .."Y oh,n.. lik. gold:' Ab .. h.m ..... h,m .... . h.Loo-d ,••"r..d ...t.tnh.»,d.·Ab •• h.",s.wmyd'y.nd "JO,c.d:·"Th,., .... hyh.d ..."cd ,o.h,n.lik. g<>td.nd '0 h••• gold u h".ndowmcn,. 0 ..
who,.ke.on,worol ... ,h."non •• nd,h... m. ,nd,.,du.1 'woth,ng.....ign'r..d. Num«,,,,Ur Lo" ....ngl.,nd,.,dual;v,fTu,Urh., •• wo.ln fa '0 I, .. m Sod· om.And""" ..... ,h.,h.b«......I.. n...dfrom h,m..lf; .... houghtolh,m..lf .. of.no,h.f... of on •• ,h.,,,.who ... ,,hdtaw,no,onlyfrom,ht juJt m.n bu, ... n f,om h,m ..lf.O .. A..~"A ..
w""
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,m?"""bl. form. '0 Om" h... a d",cu .. ion oI.qu.."on,h .. h.... umpough wc w... '0 und.",and wu.no,h.r Lo,whod,dn .. tgowi,hh,m.Andmanrbclt ••• ,h.probl.m .... r.. un ....oJ •• d.SO,o ..".fy ,htsr.nd .. ,h... m."mc.o.b,d.by,"'rulcof Srnp'u", we would uythat ,h"' .. on< p<,oon
,h .. ,h."
TH. SOURUOfAuP.OBL . ... . CHkY50STO": NOfl.,.how,h •• bund.nccol,h'''po&kJ.>,on. PfOVUKr... ,he" .. par."on. cru"ng' d, ... ,on"undCflng,h."h.. mony and undo,ng,h.bondofk ,noh'p.·' roubledevelop
bc ...... n Ab .. m·, "e".·.. n ,h. h.rd.m.n,·n.y ... ,h. on.. "'ho p.... v.d.,h,ocu .. onfo, .. pa .. """.... ho.und •• '''eh.. mon)·.wh''g,v,.v,d'TK,ofb.dt«lmg. HO .. 'L, .. o"GO:NU'SIl·6."
,.x, ...
C ATTUTyP,,'.T" . IRRATlO"ALSR .... S . AMno,,: Lr, u. now '"n"de..... ho .... ch< .n.p. h.rd, .• ndwhatl,v,ng.re"u ••• ,h.y.h'ph
of,h. n'gl'g,n,b" not ... ,ibut.d '0 ,h. d,ltg.n, Bu'.,"'........ h... no'.p.. k,ngof."il>l. ,htng.,I.tu,fi..,of.U,on"derwh.,l,ndof.n. ,m.l,h'yh.v.,ooheph•• d.W... n,uppl)'.ddi· n'''onofth....h.phe ...b:·,h.y ... oh.ph<:.d.o( .."!<.· .. y,,h., .. t.Now< .. ti .... ...,.h•• , ...,d. .. gn,fy,h.,
"1t"..
13:8-13 ABRAHAM AND LOT SEPARATE
'T"rn "'br~ ... s~id rD LOI. ·L.I Ibtrt bt n~ lI.ift b.III'un }OU and m•• and b.III'«n yowr nuJs "Itn ~nd my btrdsmt"; for wt art kms",,". Or. nOI rb. ","01. lud b.fart lOW? S, lik, rb. land of EUrr. in rbt dimrion oJ Zoor: Ih;s "JJ ".fOrt lh. LOll> drslroy
OV~""'~W ' Th. okc,.i"",,f Ab .. h.m .nd L", ,,, "fura'~ ..." ...... ,d.nee of Abuh.m '. ok."e I"
;:::7h~;=:~:' :~:m:r';:f:.h~~':~.II •.
i"ncol 1•••1ofm,trp,... ""n.th. ""'y i•• bou, ,hcprapl<Judg.but.w,.d ,ng ,o,h<,nncrcon. JCi.ntt(A ...oosa). h.l..,,,...l,.h., Lot rhO$<' occ"rd,nK'o h,. ok .... for roch .. r.,hcr ,h.n up' ngh,n",(CH"""",,TO").
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13:8 No
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TH ~ P U .UVAT''' ", O. H U ... OHT. "' .. 800. . '
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f".nd.h'pmigh.r.m .. n.When.woc.nno.l,v. .ogt.herm.hou....."hrotnmonpropcrty... " M.... g...."".ly.o ... ,thd....... h.n." h•• ,0' g
no.
R.,,: HU THR C . un O. ST., n. A .....,u, Abnh.m mad, ,h. d, ..."",. Mc.u .. -,h. '' .."0, ry"- .. y.S<"p,u .. --...... 'n.uffic .. n"o co n· ,.,n,h.mbo,h:MC1UJ<.hcy"" ... oor.. h.1ti. .worldl y. ",.h.. I.nd ".J... Y' ,n.uffic.. n. for ,h. ",h. No.h,ns .. ",fla ,h'S...d of,hf'"eh. Th."ch'f on.II .• h<mo·<s"·dilyon.d.,,r.. pcw< ..",n •. Thenrhm.n""g
HA . . . O"'T. A ....OSE:
·L.. ,h... Mno."'f.;h· .. Y··-M' ..... nyo".nd me .nd M...... n rour h"dlm,n 1nd my h"d •. humon M,ng>.nd bro.h...: W • m.n; for h...... n'h .. Ab •• h.m .. Lo,.uncl •• ndLo'" h,ln.pl1 ..... Wh y ,h.ndOC.... C1l1h,mhro,h.., N""(.,h",h.mofl ... ,nvok.dby,h.",,... m.n .... ho .. ofconcord.For'h"r....,nh.flr.. 'Put.. of ,h,,, common hum.n,'f a.·hum.n hemg.:AlIhum.nbcmg.... ch,ldrcnof • .,ngl • n.,u ... ound.oon •• n· o,h.. by"e,.. ,n f.mil), I...., I,k.bro,h ... , Mgo,. .. nofon.f.. h...ndborn. ,n,o,h" """
w. ar,
G"'UI"~"J
.f.er.lI.for ,hI, to h.ppen.h. ",y.... nc. w<are bro.h.... Do you ... hIm fulfillmg t~ •• poltolic Low. wh,ch uys. ·Already, m.n. ,h ••• rd, .. h.. compl...lygon<.g.mll you for h•• ,nglawluI", ",,,hon<.no,h.r.\Vhyno,n,her.uff.. wrongl Why not r.,her Ix defraud"dl Instud. you do wrong.nd,kf.... d.•nd ,h" '0 you, own b""h. • ..... AII.hu• .>dmon"'onJ.hep.. "."hot>. ...... In f ... by"y,ng,·L.. ,h... Ix no!roubl. Ix,w".n my herd.m.,..nd your herdsm.n, be· •• u.. ..,. ... bro'h ....:V,/h.. could Ix mo •• p...«-I""'ng,h.n.""h.,p"" .... h .. I!t ..·..,,'. ,dly.ofcourk.or,onopu'poH,h.,lm.n"o<>n.h r ough'h. cl.no.. callofh .. , ....... n"nm.n"" ... nd,o."" urt th.m ,n'o Iml"'orS 01 h" own .",u•. Ho ..
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on.
'LI •• ""GINUISjj.7.'
T " . J un l· ...... " H ..'OL.. E.,....TH'"'' "" TN RU TBA ' ..... CN . . 5O$TO .. : NmIC.howht .dd ...... Lo,on .. rm.of.'!\LI.h'y~.ndy .. 1 h••• ,h"mp..."on,h .. ,h.ou,b.eakof,roubl• ~ad no."h"o"S'" th.n ,n ,he refusaJ of ,h. pa",."h·.h.rds""nlO.n"", lo. ,o.nJOym... "", p".iJegnu,hty.T'htJuotm.n,how,,,,,r.h.ndl.. ••• ry,h'''Gwuh .."nmt,d.monltr."ng.h...m.. hbl,d'g ... .,fh;,owngood .. n... nd,uch 'ng no. only ,h""'p.... n' .. ,h. "m.bu•• I.., ... ryon.,n .... futur......:tto .. "k,h."d,AU· tn«.wnhourrd." ... byf.udmg.Th'''l<Ju.bblmsb"ng'gr... d;.gra«onu•.• ndi""",dof .roubl,lx,ng ... "b",.dto.htm.thcbl.......·
T .. BExT ... o. oI .. AnI)B".uo.A.U H.... ·~ H " •.,UTT. CHUI
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16
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...",ou•. So wh . , fiftLngnc •• could ,h... bc fo, bro,h.".• h."ng,nf>",h... m.n3lu... ,h. ..,m.hnluofk,n.h'p.nddu"."h"po,n"o d .... II ....'.o.""hoth....... ng·V'nh ..."I",•• ... h.n" ...... u~«.dor,h.m'opl.y'h.rol ...f ,..chmg.II'h ... p.opl.r..',., n'.g. nC'Opl.whobch.n,h.y ... abo ...."d••• p..... chg, ... h«d,o,h .. u.mpl. ""'.non,h.gr.... nd.of,d."on.h,p,h.yconntv" ",h." rd." •••·lac«ny. f1p"my.s.o~ .• ndon,h .. baJ",h.y.how.uch_un. d..l •••• ng, .. ,.. f•• ot,Ho .. ".'uo"GK"lS'S
lJ··· .. 1;, 10 LfI S••,
0
F...,iI., l'oll'1
lOTWU H, .. THU 1",.ou"T. A ....ou: H.ugh'm..... ,h. comp."'onof,ho ..... hod••;· ... f.om
13: 11 L.t Cl..... f~r Hi,.".1j CHOOSB T" n W •.,CH b T.uu Bn1"" •• ..... noSti:How.pprop"."'ly'h.nSC"p'u •• ..1'.·lo,;.h..... d.vll"on.·cho .. forhu".. Ir.· ItId..d.Godh .. pl .... dbdo ..... good.nd. y,1. ooth ...... hm.ydloo"" ... h.. h.w"h ••. lctu. not,h.nchool
GuDEx .... ' N.. TH.CDNSC' ... CB O.1" II M M. No . ..... uoSl: Bu, ,h. (x, ,h.,.he m.no/So· dom ...... w.. W.g"'.''''nnnstn'h.''g/ltcltbe lonI'"no,.man.,clmuxw,ml"""""".,n,.nn • of the w. yGod
... w.,
m."...
TH~SU .... tTO. lh.sSIl.(].I . Up. 'G HTN . ... CHorsosTo .. : Do you obJ,o...., loo humg tcga,d only fo,thc ... ,u," oftlw land.nd no,coruoden"i thewocktd ..... of,hemh.b".ntslWbo,good,.f. ,.r.II''''«,il''yofiatldand.bundan«ofp'odu« wh.n'h.mh.b".n ..... tv,I,n .... lfw.yslBy od_h ,h... m ,h. """nI,·Now ,h. p<0rl.ofSodom ...... vcrywick.d"nn ... ,nGod .. "gh,:Th.)· wc .. nOt
....... HA .... 6.)S." "I'Cnlill.fl"'CS(LlZl~"l;SulZt,m . ·'csaJl
13: 13TbtPropi."jS"domWrrtWirktd
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m.rtl)'·"'lCk.d"bu,.lso·"nn...:.nd""""mply
pl..,e>T.k.no«,'nfac"A.,h.,..... U<1,ond
-',nll<"-"'" .1i
"P.,.,••h.U..,.,h."hton.,.,ho,ookd"p",kof
IOn, of ,h........ wun,re ....... nd ,he .. WICked_ n.... uP" •• bound.d- h.nro" . dd.duw.II.· •• ry wICk.d ,nGoer. .. gh,:Do)'O"..., ,he .x".m"y of ,h...,I'l)oyou...,howg ••• ,,,n •• ,I,, ",ou,u'p p"d.ofplac."nd no, ,ocon.. d •• ",h","fo.,h. common F' Do)'O""" grt., ,hlng .. d.r..
d",b."pioc"V",u ... pI
wh.,.
1}:14-18 ABRAHAM MOVES TO HEBRON
" Tbr Lo~n .~,d 10 Ab'~m. 4rrr LOI baa stp4r~"dj.om b,m. "Lif' up yow, <Jrl. and lookj.om Ih. pl~'" IVb,.. JOM "". """hIVG,J gna 10MlhIV~.d and '~1/M·",d G"d ....1/IVnJ; .'1'" ,,11 Ih.lua ",hi,h JO" ." I will giv. I~ JO" ana I~ JOu, d.".nd~n" jo, 'Vtr. " 1 will ",~k. JO"' d'1(.nd~nlJ o.
II"d"""jl""""/"'O 1/'0' ifO"
1
~:r:I:J~'~::~J~;.";:!~. 1:~~";IIb~~:!'an!~';ln:JI~:.h:;~~.'~/~IIIh;!;.n:L:~ J,,:i~lg~;b':ol:: ~O:j ~~'!: J b, boil! an
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/0 Ih.
Lo~/).
THBW, .... ,..,fU TI,. ULI'o "" unALL TH, ,,, .. ~.A ... tl(>51,The .. fol"""'·"I"""Vtha, d .. rlyru
O " U "l tiW, Con"nu,ng ,ht.lltgorte.1 "''''p''' ,."ono(Ab... h.m.,hed"l"nu .. ofLo,.n.d,h. p.omi .. of,h.l.nd ••••• I'h~prog •• nof,n •• <>ul ~mbod,.d In.h< s.o'e mu,m rh., ",v''Y,h,ng be· long. ,h< WI" m.n·(A ....os.). Th. p.omlk o(,h< land " also ,mrcp'«nd.Ru .. num
onc.,hruc<~,of,h ..... "on·Jraruh ... be
'0
«umul."onof.IC<S.No,w"hou, ••• sonJid $cnp'u •• PU'" ,h.. ,,·.y:"And GoJ u,d '0 Ab ..· h.m .• ft
lo,oph",d".oo,of,',,,doc,,,,,lm,,,m,
::::~~:,~,~'.n.~:::~s:::, '~;e :~~ p:;,:'~~~;4. unWOfk, they .ncomp... ,he en" .. world. And
18
I
you.d .... nd.n .... num ..ou.... ll,h.g ... n.of """,Id. If.nyon.c.n number.'" sra,n.of .. nd,n.h.WOfld,you,
.... n.nGodprom"u.ha' h. wllIgl ••• 1I of ,h"'0 Abraham . .... h.. d..,lIh ...ylng'han'ha •• h. ,....., • ..db"hfulm.npoue..... . llthlng •• lod.. no.hmg ...1I1 For wh,ch ...son Solomon.loo .. Y"nl'To •• rb •• ·Th..... hol .... orldofnch.. bt . !ongo,ohlm ... ho lS f.llhfuL" ' Ho ... much ...l,.r d"Solo""",h~,h.nZ.no."' ... ch.r.nd found .. o(,h. S.olc ..,hool i,..,lfl How much ...· h.....alh.'h.nPla'o.'h.... yf.. h•• ofphllo.o· phy.or Py.h.gor ...... h.o Inv.n .. d .......m rbil••.,.by.Bu.whol. th.f."hful~r""'ifno, on .... ho " ",,,.' For·,h.fool ch.ngcs hke ,h. """,n.·' bu •• h.w,..,~ on .. m,'n.unch.n'lng ,nf."h. O .. Aaa"H~"'·7-J7.
..nd In.h.
lIOn. HOM'LfU 0" G'''U''i) •. ,O.'
..
TH . P.O..... I .. C LU". . CH.' H ....... A""u. · T'''~: Truly ,h.. multltud .... h"h prom ... d '0 Ab<>namilno"nnum...bJ • ..,God,.lthougb " .. '0 ,h. hum.n m'nd. Su, '0 God no, e•• n .h. d""of,h ...r1h .. so. Fu"..... ,h< rroml" h... m.d ..... ybtund .... oodno'onlyof,h.n."ono{ 1....1bu,of,h. whol....d of Ab .. h.m, whICh m'ybefidycomp.a,ed ... "h,h.dullf.... " . mul" .ude. R.g..d,ng'h" .... d.,h ... ".J.o ,h. prom· ...ofm.nych;ld •• n.no,>cco,d,ng,oth.fleoh bu, acco.d,ng'" ,h••p"" . Ho ........ ,h .... wn whyl ..,d,h.. ,h.... no,ck .. ftom.h.,ex, .. •h...""n,h.mulmud.of,hto".propl.lprung f'om Ab .. h.m .• ccord"'S,o,h. fl ..h.,hrough h .. S.. ndsonJ ..ob.h.. 'ncr....d..,g ... rly .. ,o fill alm ... , ...."1 «goon of ,h. ",,,,Id. I! .. 1>,,...11• •• en.h. numbe. of ,h .. progeny " beyond hu· m.npo ..... ,ocoun"ha,,,m'y.by.hrp
w"
GOD R."'A'U>S AU.A" .... ·5 H "M IUTr. CHU' Su ,h. promp'"'" of God'. pro.«len· nil r«om~n .. okmon.".. ed In f..... r of .... good m.n.S ....dSCnp.ur....·.nn,o ...chu•• h. ....",of,h.,.. mbu ... m.n •• h.p."' ....:h w .. >CC"'okdfor . uchhumll"yftom.h.l .... lngGod And so af..... yinS ,h.. Lo,.ookhllk....nd .... n'oIT,o,h.t.ndh.h.d .. IUT<don,h...o.. of".be.u.y, [Sc"p,u« j Imm.d,. .. ly.dd.d. ·Th. Lord God ",d .oAbnm .. Th.n.fo,ou. prffl..... h::.a"on'h .. h...,d,h"by ...yof .. · ..... dlngh,m for wh .. h.db<." don. for Lo'," .dd.d,·God ..id,oAbrama(••• Lot·.parttng .."hh,m.... ,f,o .. y ,h.foll"""ng_.ds.oh,m .."hou. d.m""you c.d.d ,h. be.u"ful reg,on '0 you.n.ph .... on.ccoun'ofyourgre .. r..'ra.n' and,hu·v··uld
,0
g<~'OUI .. w .. d. HO .. ,L'ES 0 .. GaHUtl J4.S.'
Tau ..,. , .. "
I .. YH B 1'0 .... O F GOD. CHUS" S' TO.. : Th~n. ,n c~.., Abuham ohould hn. ~",.d OI'Ily,oh"owncond"lOn.hi •• dv.n«dyu, • • nd S, .. h·. "''']''y.and ,nu. lo.. conf\d.nc~ in ,h. Proml" In ... ad of It".. ,ng ,n ,h. p" ..... of,n. 0... malt'ng .h. ptom,... h...,.1.'1 WIll m.k.
19
maln"en,o,h<.nd,Ande'enwhen,ho, ... h"l. bnd "Inh.I""d by Ch
13: 18 TI. O~k. of MAm ... L,lt .
~ ST ...... C; . .... ~ PI.C;., ... C".Y5()s, Wond .. ful ,h..... n' or ,h. pmm .. <; , •• m..lu.bIt,h"d'p,hof,.nno'''yof,h.Lordof u•• JLu".ord,n.
TO .. ;
... nh.a... ndmakmgnod,fficulryofch.n"ng frompl", •• opia.t.You w,lI no«•• nd from .1>... '0 ,h. nu'pb«.AnJ ",.11 c..... 1>" "",. « m "·...oglv... id.n€.,,fh"God.fu'm' .. " . •ud. In h" :KIlon •. Ho."uuo .. GENulI H.".'
14:)-)2 THE CAMPAIGN OF THE FOUR KINGS
,I,.
Ell",,,,.
'In .Ill" of Am'''pbd kIng ofSh,na,. A.io.h k"'g of Chcd·o,·I..omtr hllg of El" .... "lid T,dal king o/Gpi,,,,. l .~,,, k,ngl ",od, wa' ""I~ Rtf" kmg of So do"" S,,,h,, bng D/Go ... e,. ,,,b, S&'II"b k,ng of Ad",,,&. SIUm,hrr killg 0fZchoilm. "lid rh,klllg of BrI" (,har u. Z,,"r). ' And all r~rIt)o'nrdfo'«I In Ih, Vall" DfS,JJlm (rh"l u. Ih. Sah S,,,), 'T",dw Ibr, h"rl ,rrv,J Ch,d-or.lltom ... hw. In Ih, rblTlt'nrb ],a. Ih] ..h,U,J. ' In Ih, four"cnrb ,car Chrd-or·IIlo",rr
"a"
"lid rh. k,ng' ",h" "'crc "'''h hi ... '''m' ""d ".bdurd .h, Rrph"lm '" Alh"'Olh·k","",m, lb. Zw;:,m '" H"m. Ih, fmlm '" Shav,h_b.i"rh",m. ' "nd .h, Ho",,, In Ih .., Mou". Sri' "' f"'.I fl'p"ronon rh,bordrrofrh,,,,i/drrllm; .hrn'''qIY,n,dbll(kll"d."mcloEllm''''p"r (rb''It). K"dnh ). "nd lubdu,d ,,11th (ownt'] of Ibr Am"I,kiUI. "".I "lIe rh, Amo",,, ",ho d",rlr i" HilH:On·,,,m,,,. 'Tb, ,, thr klllg of SodOm, Ib, king of GemoTT"h . Ih. krng of Adm"h. Ih king Zrbolim. and Ibr king of Bc I" (r b", il. 20",) ",cnr Oul. ,,"d rh"jo;n,d b""I, ,n .h, Vallq ofSid• .I,m ' ",,,,, Ch,d·o.·I"o",r. kIng of El"",. Tid,,1 klllg of Go" .... """"phd klllg ofSh,,,,, •• "".I A,,· k,ng of EI/",,, •• fo.r kIng' "galnll fivr. IONo'" Ihr VAII" of S,dJ,m full 0/ btlumrn P'"; Il"d III rh, klngl DJ Sodo", Il"d Gomo .."h flrd. lomr f,l/'nlD rh.m. "".I Ib, rtSl ft,d 10 rh mDOII r"ln. "So rh. ,n.m, rook ,,/I rh, goodl ofSodom and Go",o",,~, "nil aflthr;r prov;I;O"I. ""d wcr.1
4
or"
w.,
rhm
w~J: "rhr] ~Iso
look LOI. rhr son of Ab.ur·s brOlhtr. who Jwrl! rn SoJom. ~nJ hIS goods.
~nJ dtp~rrrJ.
o.·..v,u... ,Th.accoun' .. no, w"hou, ulutbu,
"v"1n ... mpl.ofv~lor.ndp,ep",•• 'hrw.y
for ,I>< accoun' ,h", follow •• howm,(;od"I"'"",r • 1'Id d•• p""'.rch·....""" CC"RYSOSTOoo). Qn ,h. • ~,C>lkv.l.,h.fiv.k,n .... p'utn' .... rfiv. b«\ily •• nu •.• nJ ,h. four k,ngs "'" ,h ••• duc "on.of,h.t>ody.ndof.h.worlJCA.....Of;.). (.0, lurn. f.om h.. uptu •• not h" hun on •htl><".. m.' ..... I'h,ng •• ndwh ... gr ... good "h.. mony(C ...ysosro .. ).
.0 ..,
AJ<Eu ... UOFVALO •• CHkySOno .. , I..... ". no. ,dly p... ,h."wo.d. by. d•• rly belov.d,o. con."k •• h.accoun, '0 be of no va./ue. h "·.. ,,f Kfpurpo ... h" ",Keiry 'hry ,nvo/ved ,hem..lw, m ,,'u 00" '0 d..h<""n .. "h .... g'.nll_.h •• ~ ..... npow<.· ful,nbod,lyot. ru ..-.ndpu,rofl,gh,.II,h. p"0pl .. dwdl,ng,h.,..you .... Ju"'" ••• woll.n 'orr
S"NsrrS. A.. u"!ft' W. h.v ... e~ now .he prog. .... of.h. nobI. m'nd. whrch. finJ ,ns ".df.n pr" ,Iou. dev~,1OfI (rom ,... p",1I of v"'IK.'m_.J,~ ... Iya ..... 'o .. ~rchf"'th."'w.rdofw,sdom.,h • ,nh."'~naofJu'I'c,, Th. ",.d,ngs .h.. foil"", "'ill ,how how harmiul ... ,h. vrcesconn««d w"h f"vo/"y. Fo •• hou foor kmgs ... hoJ.f.~.rd ,h. fi"" k'ngs.noIe cav.l<), of .... Sodom"es"p'Ur«!I.ot.Moono(Abnh"m'. b.o,h.... ",,11 and ""m on ,her,w'y.Th. r. •• krnv . .. "u,r.v< t>odily .. n"':JI,h"'mell"a"r. ,ooch.ndh..."ng.1l.rfuu r kmp.rrtht ..dur · "".... ofthrbody.l'Idof,... world.btcau.. hunun flesh .nd ,h. world ar. com)"O"'ec.u.... nh ••• oov. .re'gn.yo( n_ OWn, h", iu own g"''' kingdom. For .h" ......... ,... aposrl .... ya.-t...., """tn"'gn,n you."""'.lt>odr.-'OU'..." ...... hrn ..... lyy .. ld 10 ,h. pI...u... of,h.body.nd ol.hrworld.nd bccom ••• " ....... ubj
14:1 2
L~t', C~pt ..
D,v,s,o"" Is
A
r.
G UAY EV,".CHkYSOSTOM: No
,
tru •. ,hatLo"r.,r",mbe",sbe".,offfo,hi. cho"":of,h.be""pa,,,,ra,h.,h.dl •• rn.d frome'pcri.nceno"o • .,h"h.a"on,h.b."., p..".You.e•. no,onlydidnobener."orn.,o h,mffOmn.bu',ndecdh.w ...... nl.d ..... )'in'o "p,ivny.Hti,,,,nmuchbeu.rfo,hlm'O.nJo)',h. ju.,m.n'.comp.ny,h.n,obep.".dfromh,m .ndund«go,h"·S,..'trI.l •• ven,fhvmgmde pcnd.n!ly.lm.:on,hep."
sudd.nh.becom..... p"'·<,d"po......d."..i'h. ou,he..,ho.hom._Th'p u'rosew.. foryou,o I... nwh.,ag ..... vildivi.,oni •• ndwh"'g'", goodh .. mony" .• nd,h.,weough,no,h:onker .ftcrp"d."fpl.«bur [ov.,ouke ..condplu. in.... d ,·No"'.,h.r .. i~ed Lo'.ncih",. rem.mbee. How much be, rerw •• ",obe,n,h.,omp.nyofth'p. "i.rch .nd.cc.pt.very,hing for ,h... k. of not. under. 'ngth<mutu.lh .. mony,h.nbe •• p.....d.nd whil",an"Ho .. 'l'fi.O",G."'."$ JPI. '
1 4:13·16 ABRAHAM R ESCUES LOT
'1Then one w~o ~ad .<eapcd ,.mc. "nd fOld Abram th. Heb"w. who wa, J;",ng by Ih. 0~1:i' ~J Mamrt ,ht Amori/t, b.eth" cf E,h,ol and of An,,: thm w,,' alli" of Abram. "Whcn Ab,"," h.Md Ihal hi' ki",man h~d bern ,ake" (apt,vI, h, l,dfcrth hi, [ra ined "'In. born In hi, how«, .hrc.hwnarcdand"ghlr,noflhtm.anaw," tinpu,,"ita'fa,a,Dan _ " And hI divided hi'forw agai"" r~em by "'ghr. h, a"d hi, Str"~nlS. and roulrd Ih,," and pursw,d Ih.m 10 Hobab, north oJ Damauu, _ I· Th,n h, brought bar~ all th, good" and al," broughr hck h" k,",man Lor wllh hij good,. and ,h,wom." and,heplople
O"S..,""... , Th. n:om. used ,od..",ibe Abtah.m r,h. ,u,'e!er·j.how.GoJ·, lovingkond" ... . fo««lhng. v." .. ,oh.ppcn. long1l m.I.... (C H~,sosTo"j.Ev.nthen\lmbetofm.n(318j
h•••• ymbol"v.lu •. po'ntlngp«figll"flv. lyby. numerolos"al.n.ly."totho ... ""h"mh.judg.d wocthy to belong to the numb.,ofth. f."hful who wer. ",beh ••• in th. p.... on of our Lo,d J•• u. (A ....QSfij.Th.p."i."h prev.il.d'g.m"
rh •• n.mynot b)'ph)·.ic.l ".ength bur ,hrough f,"h,nGod(C"''''SOSTO.. j.Abrah.mp«figureo ,h.,,,,,n.dm ,nd,h., m.,,h .. ln,ob.ttle.gains< , h'p...ion.wi,h , h.,ronofChei".ndm,h. nam< ofJ.su •. The rout Qr rh. en.my and pUfSui' ., f" .. Hobah.lso re.e.1 ,h. "iun'ph of ,h. ... ined rntnd (A .. 8II,O.Hj.Th. recover)'ofLo' .how. that Abuh.m wOn the victo,y wllh aid fromonh'gh(C"ltYSO'TOMj.
GOI'FO • • T . LUlE .. ... T . O U.TO H " . . .....
Lo ,"," T."B L A T • • • CH ..SOSTO": How wu" ,h>t,hwh .. p.... n.... JJuna,...f< .•nd unbeh ..... '0 b!Jo,. g••• ,10< child ,h. n.m. un· d.. ,n.,nfluenc.ofGOO·. ,n>p"""y1F.. fromoccufflng ,dlyo"onopu ' p"' •. ,h""·ufo,Lo,,ol•• ,n ,hrough,hee..,nu,hem..l... ,h'p.. .,>rch ...". ,,,,,.• nd,h .. ,,,h... m'&h,olsobeuvcd .• nd,h., hem,gh,l •• mno"oh.nk...fterp"d.ofplac. bu,y .. ld,"h".ld.... H" .. ,L'os""G.NHs's
n.
IS"'"
bo,n,n,h.hou,'-.ndwi,h l ISm.nwon •• "ro· .y.ndlibt....dh .. n.ph ..... Th".h""".,h.. ,h. "pauflcmh.duk.npl>«,nf,>
,h.
'·).IS·'
T" . l'nR U . C" P uv ... ,uoT" • .,uc; " F... ,T". C"usoSTo.. :Con"de.m,h".ue.I.sJr.y"". d...lybtl"..d.,h.g,..'n... "fh..... ~.mrlofi.d ,n,h'jusrm.n'•• ,ftue.Tru."ng ,n,h.pow.. of God. he .... not '''.... d by In' forcc of ,he.n.my ,..h.nh.l •• ,n.dof,l>
. . .-_'Owr-._ .. _-_..__
Gn.I.".--._ .... _ .......-:
'feUJ!:!". '1..1.,2:1. '2T.l:t9. of .... - . J L I .... """""' ....
'Thoo.,-_,...._
q...It.,. ....... ,.,..,...
G...I.""""' _ _ br""""'ltl"TIH. IH .. """
T... V... u. OF E• • C;T toN. A....ou: ·\Vh.n Abroh.ml..,n.dof,h ... h••oun..dhll ••" ... n"
;.~a.:-.of:'::::!:.~~~~. _s.,-.~'CSanl,s!l.!J
:::~::d"':(,:<;c:. ::;r:~~~ld,::;'i;':i:~~~h" '0 'hrough ,h"i,b.. v«y.wn,h" you m,gh,lcHn ,h."h< f>""""ch p,.v.il.d'g"o" ,h.m no' by phy>".I'''.'"':
,o.m"e",m•• nd cau.. ",hero '0 '0 fl,ghr, domg bo,h Incom pJ.....
,.ke
se.
THfi
V' CTO~~ »~OF ' GURU ~ H ~ C~uss.
AMBROSH,"Ab,..hamroun,.d31Sservan ... born inhi,hou« ... nf., •• Hob.h,wh"h",o,h. ngh,ofO.m • .\Cu,:Evld .." ,ochoo no .. 0 ...
H",". C"R~
SQ~n'M: Why was n. 'QT!1u '0 IU,n thar h.d,dn,,' ,imply t>h ev
,~lIed
fromonh ,gh.HoMICIESoNG~NESlSJS.,S.' T"aV'TALGuOI>SO"T"GSOuc. AM"~OS.
"Abrah.m.loo " covcred ,heg<><><><>ng,dUf1 ,;on.Thi,i.why,omepeople"ghrly,egardi, .. ,mprop'"o'p'.kofinh.",edsub".nce.lnfa.:" mh"It.nrc"no"h
14:17-24 MELCH1ZEDEK BLESSES ABRAHAM
" ...ftcr hu m"rnfrom ,h. dtftltl ofC~td-or-140mtrltnd I~. kmg' who wrTt wilh h,m. Ih. k,ng of Sodom lO',n, 0"' to mul b,,,, 4, tb. V~lIty Of Sbav.~ (tbal u. tb, K,ng', V"Jlty ). " ... "d M,I,b,udck k,ng Itf Sal,m bro"lbl 0"' brtad and won" h. wa. prom of God M"" HIgh. " And bt hl ....d h,m and la id. ·BlcJJ(db.... b.ambyGod ...10,IH,gh. m~ktr4J,taV<"Qnd,4rlh:
"'Qndblmtdb,GodMoIIH'gh. ",boJ,aldtl'PrT,dy"wr,n''''itJin/o]ou,bud!"'nd "'br~m 8~v' hIm It {rn{h of ,vtrJlh,ng. " "'nd {hc k,ng of Sod om laId '0 Abrl>m. ·G, •• m. lb. pm""I. hI Il>h thi glt"dl fo, Y"M""f.· :>8", ...b'4m laid 10 11" k'''l of s""" .... •, hu, ,wo,n 10 lb. LO.D God MOll H'gh. m"kt, of hrav,n and ,It"b. " 11,41 I wowld IIOt I"k, 4 tbrrd o. I> 14n· da/"hongor u]lb,ng Iha{ iIJ"wrJ.ltJI ]OM Iho"'d IltJ.·/ 1,4 •• madtAb."", rich." " / will tak, II"lh'''l b./ wbal IM yowng m,n bltv•• altn. /lnd 11" Iblt" of Iht m,n ",1,0 Wtnl '1'111, m" An ... Elhlol.""d MDmrrtDk.th,i"hl>rr:
,.t
O,·~.v, . ... ,Th.Ch",,,an,n"rp,.u,,onoflhe "o,~ of M,kh,=.d.k b<&,n .... .,h H.b" .... 7. wh ... M.kh'I.d.ki. ,n'''p.."d .. .,h,h.h.lp ofp.. lm 1){l:4u.figu.. ofCh"",h."... h'gh p".".Ahrah.m·•• ncoun ......"h.h.l:JngofSo· dom .... ul.Go,:I". p...... ,d."'. (c.._~). n..ofl"."ngofb ...d.nd ... m •• no,m.n"on.dby .h•• u'ho.ofH.b ...... . i. ... n '0 'n".... ,h... · oc",bI.",.bt,_
14:17 TI•• Ki"I OfSodo", O~ .. o .. n"'T,"(I
GOD', ""O"ID."C., CH'"
SOSTO.., Doyou"""'.. ,n'.''Ye",,n,rh'JuOI
m.nb<'ngcon.l'"'uou •• ndd.mon ..... on s'o •• · .ryon.on ••• ryocc..,onGod·.p ...... 'dcnct'nh" r<"g.ni! Now you «< h,maUo ""aI"". to f"O"<' .. ach .. of .. v... nc. for God ,o .... 5odom" ••. ·1l>rdf""hun. H.hadlu.n.d.you..., . •h...... ..d. v.nugc"'k,ngoh,p .... no,h,ng.o' ... ~""n ... ho!aek ....i... n.. f.omonhigh.nd,h .. no'h. ,ngcouldb<mo...ffic>c,ou.,h.nGod·. h:>nd ..,..,d '0''''''. Ho .. ,LlU ON G."1I11 JPS. '
".I .....
25
,u H, STOU. CHOYSOSTO .. : Wh, ,,.ul,oound... sr.nd.h,m,n,h"rol.,n,h<wo.ds·W"hnof•. ,h.r.w"hnomo,her...."hnof.milyh,",ory. l.ck,n,be"nn,n,ofd.y •• ndon.1 of Itfe. h. YC' ( .... mbl .. ,he Son ofGod."d .. ma,,, •• pn.., fo .....:'How.you .. k."" p"'.,bl. for. p
H,,,"
A P.' U T O. TH . MuST Goo. Cn"IA'" L,hw"e. ,n 'h< P"'" Mel
'0
,h.
6l ... .'
TH' .r.h LC H' :t EO ...· I. SH . ... E.H .... TH" Sn,.,,' 111 .. M.lto"lr'o ,he".... ofAb.. h.m ... SCnp.u....y•• bu' ..... n '0 [rh."meoflja.-ob.nd Euu. rh. , .. nd ... n. of Ab .. ham. It wo. '0 h,m Iha' Rrbok."h ....", '0 ask and wa. ,old. 'Two n,"on •• re ,n you .... omb . • nd,hcold ...h.llbe ••• rv.nt,o,h.youn,..:' R.bekahwouldnorh ••• byp....dh .. hu.b.nd. whoh • .1 I>«n d,h ... ".1 at ,ho h'gh pI.«.or h~r f.,h ••• ,n.l.>w.,owhomt
'1'oJtOo4(t09,""""1.'FCSj,l
""""",Ot."""'-' SOO f.OOJdOrOlW.- S<2lS-l6.""""",,,,,
=~"'"'~~~~S~·
26
M~kh,uiAO'q.'6."
"'"'grc.·
TM ~
S..
c.,.,e. No,," O •• U ~I)TO
GOD. "
C " .,~.,. , ...... . AU"'15T''''O: H •• ,ngrec.,v.d,h .. or.ck of pro"" .... Abr.h.m m,gr.,~d .nd , •• m.>JM..,d. ,h. o.k af M.m, •. which ... u H.hran "Then. on ,h~ ," ...,on '" Sodom. wh~n fi •• k,n" c..... don ...... g."n .. fou,.nd Lo,w .. ,.ken cap" ....." h thtconqu ...d Sodom" ... Ab •• h.rn d.h .... dh,mfrorn'h •• n.my.l.ad,ng ..."hh,m ,obaul,lISofh"homeborn"r•• n... (H,] wan ,h•• ,noryfor,h.k,ng.ofSodomhu' would uk. nodung of,....poil. ",h.nofftKd by ,h. k,ngfor whom h. had won th~m. H.... u ,ht" "IXnly bl .... d by M.kh ... d.k. who was P"~" of God ..-,h,gh."bou'whommany.ndg.... ,h,ng. ....... "'.n'ntht,p..,I",h., .. 'n."ibt
,0
.0. ...... 40. 8 ~C A .. 5M ou H u .. u •• A ....os.: Bu,on.... ho, •• ",torlou•• hauldno,eb,m,h. ''',o'y for h, ..... lf: , •• h~ •. h•• hould ... ribu .. " toGod. Th" " ,h. turh,ng of Abnh.m. who be c.m.ma.. humbl •. no,moreproud.,nv'(tory. lnd •• d.h.ofT.,.d.u,,,fice.ndg'"",h •• , fo' th" .. uonroo.h.rece,vcd.h.bl ... mgof M.kh'%<dek. wn1Ch mran. m tr.n.lal1on-~ong of Ju,"«.k,ngofpeat<:.-H. w•• ,nd.cd ,h. P"'" of the moo, hIgh God. Who .. ,h. king of J.... O«:. the p.... t ofGod,bu, h. to whom " " .. ,d.·You • ... p" ... fo .... ,..,cord,ngro,h.ord.rof
14: 19 . 20S!m.oIb, Gool \VIT"O IlTG ... C~ A .......... CO II LI>
NOT
H .. VB I' k . ... ' LBI> .CHnS05ToM:H."otonly
bI .....d h,m but .Iso p,.,..d God. In .h. wOftU ·1>1....d be Ab .. h.m by God ,h. most h'gh. who " ....dh ....".nd •• "h.-h•• lsoh.ghhgh ..d'0 w Go,fo po"'"u d .."ngu,.... d from h"" •• · ,urc •. lfh.onf..,.,.God.C .... oroflo.,.v,n.nd • ... h.tho. < wo .. h'ped by hum.n be,ng' would 1\01 be gods: 5cnp.u.. ,.membe •• -I..tr.hou god,»<""hwhod,dnotm.k.h.. v,n,,nd .. rth.- "Th. 'uw.-BI ..... d be God. wlw d~ Iov,,"dyou ••".m... >n,oyou,h~nd,'-No,,ce.l ..k yau.hawh, no' only «I.br.... ,h'Ju" m.n but.loo .. knowl.d~. God ·......'.nc •. Af..,alJ. w"hou'grace from abov. be could no' h ••• ptt· • .,ledavtrth,m,gntoftho.. be.. ",ngh,m ·\Vhod.I, ...~dyo",'n,m,,,,-,h, ... ,uy•• .... m.ly.h." .. whoc.u ..d • ....,
U,I.
'U'
A .......... R .. ,. .. H, &M"... TO H ""·."' LT TH,"' o •• A....ou:h .. ch ...""'."cof ,h. perf~ct mmd no. to t.k~ for " .. If.ny ,.rthly .b,ng•• ny,h,ngpron •• obod,ly .. dun,on. n,. '. why Al>rah.m oay.,·1 w,lI .. k. nOlh,ngof wh""you ...-H•• vo,a.,n .. mptra",.lik.th. pI'gu •. H.flc.. from ..... u.lbod,lyt<mp,."on. •• from fihh. Hr r.J .... worldly pl.........a ... k,ho.. ,h ...... bov.,h ....orld.n"" ... h.. 'FCA
""NP~FIUll.""'I'(I,I
(IO)9,OUIlC ).."C5l:tJ.lI.SI}·, .. ·.,..,O'I,."f<:&l<.I6.'r
nmcan •• or.,. .. o....·.h.nd.to.h. Lord."Th .. hand dougood,..h.v,,"ue ",ul.H. pu"(o"hh"h.ndno"o.h.(ru,,o(,h ••• r,hly " •• bu"o.h.l.ord:who;S<"p,ur.uy.:m.d. hu •• n.nd •• rth:" ,h .. ",ouy.l>o,h,n .. ll.gl bl.and vlllbl •• ubst.nce.ln (..,.,h"n,",bl•• ~ " •. or.ub...n ••• i.hu ... n.wh,l.,h....,h",h. vlllblt.nd •• n.ibl •• ub".n.<.Th.p•• uge,htn mun.'h.,Ab .. h.mral.... h.vIf.""ofh .. mlnd,oh ..... nlr·hlng•. Fromlh.,'n,dhglb/.. • ul»,.nnh.mlgh,ruch,h.h ..,h"of,h.con· .. mpl." •• Itf,.lnok,ngno,'olh"h,n,.,ha,.« ... nbu"o,hn.."M".«nn,.."n:no"o .. "hJy ,hlng •. no""oodily,h,ngs:nn"o,Mlng' p.... n,bu"o,htng.,h., ... ,mm."nal ... ' .. r· n.l,h .... nly. Bu,from.h .. o,h".ub... n«.,M. '1IIbl •. h'<~IrK .. 'h.~n.fi,o(.dl""phn.". 1a,.d'o,h.pr.oc"c.I01'd".nd'o'I"lltf•. O~' A ..,.... "4M •. S.46."
,h.,
No Nuo OF H UMAN Ruou. c ... C"UOO5. To": H. would no' "k....n.(h.n(. ".m .... n ""m.. h,ngw01',hl ... o•• nr,Mlng,hough,~. n..,hcon .. mp' .• v.n,h •• hoel ..... ,h."po( ,h•• ho<,wh ... ncom<s,o'poln,.Th.nMe ....... h.r ...onforh .. r.fu •• l.ltll·,nc... you ""'" '0 ")'.'1 g.n Ab.am hll ",.. lth: I h... On my"d •• h,.uppll<.ofcound ... good"l.fromonh,gh.[h • ..,no ..... dof wrahh(romyou.ldon·, .... n,hum.n"",u"eo.1 am conttn.... "h ,I><: ..,gatd God p.ay. me.] k..,h.g.n.roa"yofh"g,f" me. H,.,ng y.. ld.d.oLo,worthl... oc .. p•. Jh ... ~.n g.. n.. dgr .. 'prom .... ~yond .. lllng.Nowby no,ac"p"ngw<11'Mfromyou I Urn '0' myoclf gr.. ,erw.ahh.nden)"l'furthergru.fromh,m: Th" In my op,n,on ... w.. ,h. ' ..lOO why h. ,ooIt:.h.~.h,",h.wo.d.&·I""Il ..... myh.nd '0 .wear ~f'ot. God me mos< hIgh·: n.m<: k,ngu.ou]d nO' ,h.nk ,h.. h. w.. "mply P'" "ngup'p.... n,..oou ... hatw ... hk,ly.oh.p' p
of.h.
,.,....ed
THMPn. ' 4.c " ·.CoNT. Mn.o.M ....TS.' .... L \VULY " . C"nSQ'YOM: Th. I"',,,.,,h'. con· .. mp' for m...".1 w•• hh w •• ,""n,., Why .. " wlth.n"",h,h .. h'''Jecu,henff<'ory.SO don·,up
A" 4.N A ...... HA.. FouI L. ' "'ft . A~ouoLtC L........ CH_nouO": Th<.. I WIll allow ,o ..kt. port_,h...y•. .,n.. ,h
,ht,..
28
""". ,h.....,... of. f>vo •. Fo,,, m.kn'gru, d,ffc .. nctwh.,hc,onc h•• fough,fo,mon.yo, fo,f.m •. lnon. c..... pc.. onwlllb.... g..d.d .. • m.'ce ... ry.ln,h.o,h.,c ... h.... ,lIbedeem.d ....orthyoff.m.... d.lr ...".Th.holyratn .... h rrghtlr ..fu ... 'o.pproprr.... nyo(,h •• poll. ••• n I(" ...... off...d'oh,m.l ..' ,h...... who g••• "uy."[mad. hIm rrch:H. ".ufi.. ,h .. h• .. con"n, 'orec.... wh .. h.db.. n n..d...l(o. ,h. upkupof ,he young wrl.nOn. B.. , lIOmco'" ....ill .. )'.S1ncch.h.d won ,h.b.ttl..... hydoc.h. uy,oth.krngof,h.Sodom" ... ·]wIJjtak. "",hrngfromyou"!Sur<]y,h.l>oocybelonged.o .h'.IClorlAb.. hamllg,vlngln",u'[lonform,I" '''yp,o,oeol.E.''y,h,ng.houldbel.(,tDth. !<Jng. N .... nUy ht .ffirm•• h.. ~nr wbo mlgh, h••• bc.n .nli ...d,ohe1p,nhllmll"ary.ng'g'· m.n,.houldbegl •• n'l"'"of.h.p,ofi,mrec. Dmpc"" fD' .h....ffort. ON A ..... HU' , . ) . " . "
d>r".,M" ... np«p ...d,o'ak ........ poru..... .nd,n.h"on«'galnh.fulfJlJ,he'p"',oI..,law In ,h. wo,d,',he wo,kudu.r.u h" f.r< :" I "... n.h.l .... h.".,.k.nomo,.,h.n,h."du. ....."p, wh .. my young m.n consum.d .nd ,h. po,"on for ,he m.n whoacrompan .. d m•. E.· droI.An .. and ~hm .. -.h"r w,ll par",.n:Doyou ... ,h'pr
,.k<.
TM .GIlA" " ' ''O''SC H .IlACTE.O~. fAv" • . A....os.,How'.ma' ... bl." ....... n.th.tAb ... hamd,dnotw,shro,_ch.nyo(,h··po,[v,n...l by h".,ctD'YO' '0 n .... O«.red h,mlTh.f..., " ,ha' '0 ,••• ,....comp
,.h ••• h., ,,·..
15:1-6 THE LORD APPEARS TO ABRAHAM IN A VISION
Afr., IbclC Ihmgs tbr wo.d of Ih. LORV rame 10 Ab,n, ,,, a Vllio". "Fca, 7101, 14.bram. I ~m IOW' ,huld; yo w' reward ,hall b, vcr] grrar ."lBwr Abram 1~ld. "0 Lord GOD. whl WIll 1100" t'v, ...r.for f (o""oc (hildlm, a"d rh. brrr of my bowlt is fllCU' Df D«",a><",1" ' 14.".1 AbTam I",d. "Brhold. rho. ""'lgIVCn m, "0 o!fsr""g; a"d" si,,", bo,n In m] hou" w,[l b. my h,ir'- ' And brbold. lb. wordofrb. LORvram. rob,m. "Tbll man sh"lInorb.]ow,hm:yow,ownlo".hallb. ]o •• b.i,:'A"dbtb,o.gblb,mo.rsul,ud",d. "Look rowa,d hravrn. ""d ".mbrrrb. "",.. if ]0" a,. ablt 10 nu",ber Ibem: Tb.n 1" said ID b,m. ·So .hallyo., arscr"da"rs br: '14."a bc brl,tvratbrLo.o;udhe,rckonrdulob,ma.rrtbrro.snru. Ov.... ,.w, Th •• dmon"'Dn.o-f... not·"'e LrtedtoAb.. h.m·....,..."onof,h.""'..... lglf.. offe .. d him In ,h. p,e.,Du. cb'pte, (C".YS05· TOM). On,h.morall ••• l. •h·rroml..... ul.
.hat th. Lo,d i. no' .low 10 .ew.ni. Wh., Ab,,· h.m
"ueh.""Jeou.Ch"".Dr ... homl .. a
29
who prom1Ou In "rd.. t" g' ln "gh'~ou'~u' from (CHIlTSOITOM ). Abt~h.m". mod~1 Mea".., hcd,dn",..,.,k,hcu"on.loxpl.n,"onbu,M . hncd ... lfh gru, pmmp.nc" of 'P"'" 11.~ ph.:ou·1K !>roup" hIm ou,.,d."can br In •••· p'~I.d all'g",,'ally ,,, Ilg",fy,h. n.. d '0 pUrify "urd_lhng{.htbody)ofaUundunn'$S{A... ..ose ). W.beb ••• In ,he pow" "f th. One who pmml..",nord
A.. non, Ekc, u$< Ab .. h,m dLd no, •• ek "COm. pen.., fmm m.n. h. ",c.. ~" fmm God ........ tc~'nSCnp'u.e:"Af..:r,h.... wo.d.,helotd Ipoh,oAbrah.mlnl.I"on"Ylng.F.arno,. Ab.ah~m. I ... ,11 PI"OlCC' you. You, .......d ... ill be .~cudmglyg .... :Th.l",d"n",.lo... ,o ... "·..d.H.,, ..g.. 'oprom'.... ndh.g,vuln .bund.n«.leo,.nyd.l.yc.u....... k ..... ts,otc. f'<'n,ofh •• ,ngd··ri •• dv, .. bl.,h,nv·H.p.y. b.ck .... 'o.pe.k .•, h.gh t......dJng wuh g... ,.bund.n" 'hc one whoh .. no,be.noe· duc~by,h.,h,ng.O(,h,,"'orld'h .. w .. eo(. f.rcd,oh,m.ONA ....... M.'.).IS·
f~"h
f."" (C..
m''''''.
~.SOSTO.. )
FU R NOT. A . ... ...... . CHu$Ouo .. :God uld to h,m.·Oon·, bt af..,d. Ab .. m: No,,« ,IK U · ft.ord,n''l'dtg,.e "fh"ca",. Why dId h<.ay. 'Oon', be .fr.. d·! S,n" Ab .. h.m h~ Kotnrd ... much ... uhh by g,vlng h"I"mpo"mre of· f~tlnvof ,hr kIng. God u,d '0 hIm. H ••• no fur fo,dup"lngglfuof.uch •• lu •. Oono,btd". 'r... <don'h< Ko,~ofyourdlmlnlur pi",•. 1 ... ,11 hr your lh ..ld. ·You rr.,,·.rdw,lIbeu.uf. f...d In UP"""gyouu.l f,o .uch ".tu. ~'ou Korn.d ,h. ki"g.nd ... h., h. off".d you. I w,1I provld.Y"" ..."harc .....d.no"o,hrdcgr... ,h.. I'OU would h,," fCwv.d hu, ...onderfully. n~ud · Inpy g'''', ·You. ",,,.• r.d: th~ .. ~, uY' • ..,m.rn· bt r: w,lIbt ..c..d,nglyg .... :Ho."u .. o,. G."UISJ6.10. '
Pu s ... .: ON \\',nlollT CH I~"" . N . CHUJOS' ........d .• ...ondt,fullr· .....·d'nprg............ d,Ab ..h.m rncal«!llIo g"efof'p"If.nd,h.d,uppom,. m.n,.ffec"ngh,mconll>n,lyon:ucoun.ofh" childJ.ucOfldu"",.H.uys.·Lor.d.,,·h •• "",of ,h,ng ... ,1I youg'.' m.! Af.. r.11. you un •••. I h.ve rc .. hcd ,h. h..gh,of"ld.g •• nd.m '0p;t .... on w"hou,chiIJ ... n:S.. t.o ... from ,h. "u''''' 'h~Ju" m.n .ho...~d h..... und '''lnkmgm "II L nl hlld.po,turef
,,,,he
To .. ,S,n«Godh.dprom, ... dh,m
A SLAV~ FOII. .. ... H ., •. CHR'SOSTO.. ' 11..... word,rf'ul,h.utf<med'gre.of,h'p.. n,nh" ...ul.llt" If be "'c",uy,ngl ,0God. F.. from bot< Ingg.. " .. dwh .. mysl .....·... J.m'op .... • .... ·Y ... nhou'~hlldo.hr".... h..... myol ••• wIJJln· h.. ".hcglf"g.. n,.,.jm.byyou.d"p" •• h. promi ... ",,:r,..dfmmyoumor.,h.non,:e ln,h.
30
,"",d,',,, you, d~",~ruhnu I will g'v~ d ... land: Cono,d ... [uk you. ,h. JUS< man'. v,nu. In rh .. cue .Ioo,n rh~f.cr ,h.. ""h,I~.n, .. u'n'ng,h ... ,"ough,.,nhtlm,ndh
At< H.,. W".THY " F H" \"" ••• A...."n: Le[u •• l... ("On .. d.. wh., •• rt ... "hou, ey ... "'" mov.d hy.ny g<'. 0 .. A.... ·
H.O u,atiUT " . P."O. .. T"fT " .C" uaC H. A... o.ou:Bu"h.t.oIyandproph.",m,nd" mo ..
"y'.·Wh .. w,1I you gw. m•. "nee lam .bou, '0 d'p"rtw"hou"h,ldren!·\Vh .. h.d ..... dw .. ,h. progeny of ,he churc:h.Wh.. he w.. ,.quo.. · 'ngw ••• des
,og''''•.
word.ofAbrah.ma .. "",.""",gh '0'0...". con .. d.. 'h.WOIdofGod .... ho«onlkmn •• uch. mod.ortnn.m""ng 'nh.",.nce .·n." m.n .h.llno, M your h...: h,,,y •. ·bu, ,h. other whow,1I come ou' from you ....... ,11 M your .....: Who" ,h" o,h.. of whom h.. 'p<.ko! In f." Hagu'aobo ....on, l.hmul,bu, h. '. no' 'pc.k1ngof~,m.[n ... ad.h.".pc.k,ngorholy ....... For,h" ...... nh.adlkd·..mo ... '"com. ouo from you: In f.". ,h. on .... ho truly'am< ou,ofAb.u,am",h.on<whowubo.nofal.· S'"m.l<m....ag<.6u.,nllDC,''''kJ",m ... .on.w.
A k ...... p BU TO ... tiu. A",no..: Wh., i. ,h. m..n'ng,h~nof,h.up« ..""'·h.brough,h,m ou,",d"ITh'proph...... "w... l.douI , so 'h .. h.~.ou",d.of'h.body.nd .. n'h.l'm· "."on.,mpoudb,·th.n..hrh.... h.. ga.mtn. and ,h. ,nfu.. on oI,h. HolySp"" who m.k... kind of."ibl.du«n. , W. ,aomu" .. "f,orn,he ,onAn.mtn.or,h.. our'~mp""''Yd_lI,ng.\V. mu .. punfy,h. p!." .. h... our 10111 d"".II. from all und .. nn.... ,hrowou,.v•• y.,.'nof ... "hd. n.... ,fw.w"h''' ..' .... ,h••p""of,..II.dom. be" .... ·wl<domw'Uno'.n ......o
' ,Got
G",U"'S"~
,h.
Ab .. h.mbtl .. nd . ..."bec• ...., ....... d ..... nby aproml .. ofgoldo... tnrbutbenuKhebehn.d (rom,h.h ... ,.·h ........ kon.dmh,m •• "gh· Itou,,,,,..:A,..,... rdw .. bt....-d,h.,corr.· sponded,o,h.,r.. ofh .. mrnt.:-O"A ..... H ....
f'OWu of On~ who pro"...... In ord~r 'hat w< m'yv,n.toonshfOOU." ... from (."hand'''"n good Ihlng. proml .. d. HOMllItiI ON G . ... U I.)6.IS."
'0 Ih.
H ti BBlI BV. DWlTH P .. O .... TNR.. o"S .... n. A....ou: And how d,d Abuh.m·, progeny sp'ud!Only,hrough.h"nh,,,uncrh.,,.ru. d,,,.,'"u.off.lth.On'h"ba .... h.f.,,hful ...... ,mil.,.d,nh.... n.m.d.cnmp ... bl •• o .h•• ngel •.• qual 'o.bt ...... Th,. ""'hy h.oa"i, -s., ... ,ll rou' desc.ndan .. be. And Ab.. h.m:,b. t.x, ••I'•. -bel, •• rd,nGod .. INh ....... lyd Ldh. bel. •••! Pt-w ,h .. ,h"w ..... h.. he MI, ••• d. ,h. Lord say •• ·Ab.. h.m .. w my day .nd'.jOl<<
1.S.d." t 5:6 Ab r~b .. ", Bdiu••
,b. Lord
m" ..
RIC II T~OU S "~U •• 0 .. I'.. ,TH, C".UOHO": A«ordlnglyt~I .. II •• rn.lbeK«h)'O
,h.,
.u.
'on...>nd .... pn<..... - . _ _
~_""'
_............... _-.O'_ ....
........
""bno.J.J,.-..I - _ .............. -.,.a--.. _ _ _ .... .,.. :!onoI~=;I"cSuI!IMl!. ''F<;nlJ6.1," , .
1 5:7·12 ABRAHAM PREPARES THE SACRIFICE
'A nd hr $~Id 10 h,m .• / ~m lb. LO~D IIIbo brought YD. from Ur of Ib, Chald.anl. 10 g'v, ]00 Ihu I~nd 10 PO$!W _' ' B., b, la,d. '0 Lo,d GOD. bOIll am / 10 lino ... Ibal I !bafl rOHm u!' ' HI laId lob,m. 'B"ng m. a b.if., Ihrt. y.ar! old. a sb"goa'lb ... ],arl old. G ,am rb". yta"or~ •• ,.,d
Ovn V' R"" AI.h""gh va ..o.... ymbollc 'n'~.p"'· ..,,"".of.h
A Tu . A~lu:
o.
,u.
ALL N"T'O"' ~. Cu...... 0' Th ... rOff ,h. h.;f... ,h. th"F' .nd rh.
c.mof'h"~~"I .••• I.."h.,u,d.do ••• nd,h.
p'geon.p.... n.. d"ypu ... h.ynegIK"o'.OId.m •• nd '''... S,nc. Ih ... af<.p""ualooul ...."h ,h.",. n.lone •. forth ...uJ.onth~'urtledo .... ndp,. g.on ........ dded. In 'M Ia" .... plmu.l peopI • oseo,M. ,h .... nllnaJ. c.'n.lp
.wo
..... "".d,vllkd.ho..... ha'.p""w.lpeopk'n gene ..1, .. no,d,v,d.damong.h<m..lvu (Au. 6U!T,,..!j.Th.,urtl,,dov... p.... n,,ch'U"y.nd ,hep lgeon .. mphClty:,h.y ..~nOld Lv,d.dM·
15 :10
Tb.n; rJ.N.r D ;t·i~.d
CHILoaMH o. TH . P"o .. , u. A~(luST'''E: And ",.... ,d.·Bu, ,h. b"d.d,¥,d«I h......:bK...'" n. for bo,h b"d.... "mpl•• ndh.nnle ..... gn,fY'ng,h., ....<non'h.I•• ~I".p
A Sn. Bol Wu Gl v .... AU"UST'N~: H ....1· K>.,nr.n~ .•• ymbolw .. g'v.n.mn.; .. jngof,h ••• .nl""lo:.h~,fer .•• h.·go.1l .... m.ndlwob"d •. • ",nl.dcwc:.nd p'geon. ,h.. M m'gh, know ,h .. " .. ,h,nv ... h,«'pl ....... 'oM.. h.p.'h~... n, • ....1o ..e .. ,droMofrh ••• ~... oIdfOf,h..... · 'h...... 'h ..... m.. k.abl. d,v ........ of "me. r.CIm Ad.rn '0 No.h •• nd fmm hIm '0 Ab •• · h.m .• nd from h,rn '0 [).v,d. O•• jd.on ,h. I1onofSml.w.. fi ....... bl"h.dby , h.... ,"of ,helord;n ,h. bngdom or,h< l.r•• I,,< na"on . In ,h.. ,h"d d, ...,on. wh,ch uund. from Ab .. h.m to O•• .d.J>«'plJ,fpa ..,ng.hrough t/w:'h,rd.~ofhr..o.l"'m2p.;'rn'fbe'h .. 'hn.Clno,Goo ,6.,,..'
..... '0
S~,alT U" "
Souu Aa. NOT [), VI'.. O. C"E' 0' Auu: Now ...... uca .. fully Ab .. h.m '0 h ••• d,.,d.d ,h. ,h,...n,m.l. ,n'o 'wo p." •• nd,oh .... plac.d,h.mon•• g>tn"'he o,h.,. · Th.b"d • .- .. y.S
_".ha,
SU'U5
i ... ,d
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;::h':::::.O .. n.. ,hc)·.r.~d ,aon•• no,hrr.Haw., ... ,h. bird •. ,h .. " .• p,ruu.l.aul •.• ,~ na, d'Vld.d. \Vhy .... ,~ Ikc.u.. ,h.y h••• ·anc h..., .nd an. ..,.,1 ,n ,h. La,d."Ta""II.nd no, ,a will tI.1I an.,h,ng '0 ,h.m. Su .. ly ,h. ,urtl.doY••• nd P" g.on ••h., ..... m.n"an.d.ho..... lolt.'h... j.(>ul•. ln.h.'urtl.da •• ch ... ")· .... p.... n..d. • nd on ,h. p'g.on .• ,mph.,,)·. All God.f.. rong peapl.,n,h.,hu«hc.,hoh,d.ul)·.r ••1< u.from ,h.lol'CofChn"~ Sh.JJ,robuJanon.ard""USOfper..,.u"onl" Oth.. ..-ord.follo""un"I",, .. ,d.·No•• nya,h· ......,.. u.... iIlM.bl.'a •• p.u.. u.r,om.h. 1o•• of God. wh,.h " ,n Ch""j..... our Lo.d ..... Th...fo .. ·r""u.l.oul .... na' .. p.....df.om Ch.", b)' ,o,m.n". C •• n.1 ..,ul. art .omw",.. "p... rcdb)·,dl'goootp.Th •• rud.,,·o.d,anno, "p.,.tc.hcfo,m".bu,catn.J.ff.cnon••• nrt· m"". ,h. la"". No,h,ngh ..d b.e.k. down'plf,· ,u.lpeapl•• bu,ev.nfl."."ngwo.d ••• n
15: 11 ll i ..hofPrtJ T,w .
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v,dtdc.rr • ...,. .. pruen'na,h,nggoodbu,( .."" er) .... 'f'"".of,h".".... k,ngJOm.foodfor ,h.m.d.... ,n,h.d,.,.,onofcam.lpcopl•. B".
,h., Ab..h.m .. , do...n ..."h ,h.m JLgmfi.. that
...n.m,d ,h... d.. ",on.of,h" ... n.l.tru.bc. hn Ab .. h.m • ..:! • hO'ro.ofg .."darkn"... Th" "gn,r... ,h" .bom ..... ndof,hi."'orldbch ...... s.h.llbc,n g""pe"urb.. ,an and ",bulatlon.ofwh,.hthc La.d .. ,d,n'h.Gospel.·Fa.'h.n.h.llbcg.... "ibul."on .• ud.,d,ifw •• " bc"de ou •..,I .... " "fo.GoJ: if..,.... ,"'..."ngh'mi..l. ""fur you ..,. Sy ,h;" hc m. .", ""'· ....."'ou,,1 "."m'ndJfOfGod·bu,·.... nil ....... , .. nsporud .h"",gh.on.. mpl."onMyond,h.t<~lmofhu· ·IIHJ. 'PoSS>6(~1ux), 'llt14.)(0,,,-.,,,,), %oIlJO. ....... "n"'--"",~.,,'.f","Mtl •. l!.·'NPNF!l:m
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man ,h,np • .."do.h"ro,God:D",dI,kow,.< d«Lar<.:I ... >snolong< Holy Sp"". H. wo. quit. d,fT.,..n, from ,hou oi..bom" ..... od:WI"I.'~.... ,.<>lousyand srnft.mongrou··"youno,oI"thefluh.ndbe. h... nghktor.!,n.rymen,·IO \Vh.nAb .. h.mrh.n hadl>«n ".n'P"'",edou,oih,m.. lf.• ·d.o,k i..,· "11 upon h,m. d.orlc no,byf"""'I"',oon ,nda.k..... bu.'n'''' ...... ofob.cun.y.ofoom •• h,ng
whOJ<m •• n,ns"no.,mm.d,.,ely,v,den,.!k,ng .·g... t"f...... "nm,h.k"ld,h.. happen.'o,h. m.d,oc ... Rem.mbe.-d.rIcn ...• " of.. n u..dfor -ob.cun
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15:13-16 EGYPTIAN CAPTIVITY PRED I CTED
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"Tb." rb. LoaD ... id /0 Ab,.. ",. ·K"ow of .. • ~.,r] rbor ]o~' drJu"du/J will 10, 1,lId,h.. , U no"h,m. ~"d will b.,r~v'l ~"d ,h.] w;U b. opp,m.dfor fow, bu"d,.dy ... rJ; "~~, I w,ll brmlJudgm.n, On ,b• .. aroo" wbi.h '(tv •. and ..fir' ward Ih.) ,ball .Om. ou, wub po.. ,,"0",. " AI for }ou"'!j, }O~ ,b~H go ,0 }owr f ... b." '" p'''''; yow ,b.. U h. bw".d '" .. ,(HId old 'oA"d .b.) ,b.U com. b.. ,k ber. In lb. founh 1<""""0": for ,b. ""iUU} of ,b< AmOflltl;' no.].,compltlt:
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IS:110uUlldulI.o&SI., ••• No D'SC"B.""CY BET"·.. ,,G."GI'."" I> !ixu ll ul. D,oy .. usy".BuND:Thi.wo.d.n"c· ,p.... ,h."'JOu'nof,h.ptopI.'nEgrp,·fo•• hey _"'0loO)Ou.n .. "_re,n.l.ndno<.h.,,own. Th.ywould be •• duced '0.1.... )· by ,h. J>h ...oh .ndmi."•• ted on man)" 1A")"b)' h,..,.nd by ,h. Egyp,i ..... Th ... " nod""'pancybe,w«n wh., "u..dh....nd .............".nIn Exodu •. Th... "" .. ,d.·Af•• , ·4)0 ~."'. ,I>< army of ,h. Lo
pl.,.dbu, •.,h... f,.rfou,hund •• dy·'r··wh,ch I"."".""""fo<,h.,h,,,yy.:.... And.Mprom""·[W,[[,..dgr,htn.o'_,o wh,chyouw,Ube.ruLo ... d·wure.J,:ene fo •• flm •. h.dor.,h .. no, ... m.""of,nd,ff".
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AUGlln' .. E:IIu'no.. wh., .....,d,oAb.. h.m. ·Knowof •• u.«y,h .. Y"u....d.h.Ub<. .".nge.m.landno"h.", .• nd,hey,h.lI •• · du«,h.m'OKfY"ud •.• nd.h.lI.ff[>r"h.m I"ou.hund •• dy.: ......·n." .. m...,ck.,[y.pec.u•• ,harnumb<.,,·.. compl...d.no,b<· c.u.. " ..·...U.pen'm'h...fIIictlon.Th.y.:.n .....,d '0 be four hund ..d ,n
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l'ucB. D",n,usTHBB,,,,,,,Anyon.con ... i ,h.. God" h.... 'nnounc,ng Abraham" depo"'''' from th .. I,fe. .... fo..the.n.agog'cal!my.ucall .. nJ<.onecoulduythefollow,ng:Thew,,,,ptfOOII 1..... ,hLShk,,,pe.«.whLI.,h•• mncrdoe .... w1lh ,rouhJ.d ,hough... nd an.gll ...d .....l. And ,he,...yd... huk .. ""....... """Judged.O... w!.. h... .J ..ady ....,ned peacthe.. below uht, k ... .IJO 'npe.... 6u'on.whohaln<>lh,ngbu, d,oru.· b."... ndag''''''''' ,nhi.or h., 'houghuw,lIbt judgod alJO'n,h" ..·.y.Th";.clcarlTom ,he..,.. ,ng,BEcck...... a:·ln'h.pI .....-heK'he •....,f.n.. ,he.. 11 willl ....... Th,ngodo lIO!occur.h .. way,n h, .. orical ••• I"y.b
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.v... On' m'gh •• I.....k .. h. ,h.. ,h"",.. no, ...,dby.h.S.v'o.'n.hyprd"'J"m.nn....'mpJy .nmolu:th<>Hpropk .. fI"'whoh~d ..'nhlf m.... J.. andhadno' •• l"n..d.(o.hypcrbok ... common,uch,ngd...". T h.p." .nce ' ndgoodn ... of,h.J udg .... lho ... n.• hen.,n,h.f"".,hath.w.".un"J,h. .,,"oi.h.... mom.. h.......ch.d,h... fuUm ...u ... h .. only.f, .... p.ouh ••. nhoft.unns.nd •••• y,h,ng.h .. conp.ovok. ,.pcn .. nce ' h.. GocI infl,....h.." .. m.nu. Th... m. ",u .m. on .h. c... ofPhu.nIl:often"p"m.nd.d.ndh.. ,ng ob ..'n.dm.ny .. p" ...." .• htoughh"hudn.uof h••• ,h.btough,uponh,m.. lf,h.r.n.aIJudgm.nt ....... II.O"G.N .... ,j,·n"
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J'." 15, 16 TIo. FontloC,"muion Goo l" . u c n E .. . "C HU TIU M."n ...... " Mouu .... "u,,, T'M •. Dtov,,u.TH ft Bu,,,,
Aft •• h, .. ng .. ,d,h .. ofAbuh,mh,mJ.tlf.God 'p".uoi,"'ch,ld •• n ... t.o ... ,lIcom.fTOmh,m -In,h.t>gh.y ..o.uh.db..ndone.bcc......... y dodn"'''l''n,:W"",oyou.Chora=Jn!Woe,o )'Ou.n.,h.. ,d.!FOf i f,h,m'gh'y wOf~.don<m rouh.dt.<.ndon.,nTy...ndS,don.,h.y",ould h.o ..... l"n .. dlong.go'n ..ckcJo,h.odu....:" To "'"'eh ..... m,sh, oto,c..., Why ,"'n were ,h. mu.d«nn,don.mTy... ndS,don.btca" .. theywouldh..... p"n ..d.but"' ... p.. fo ..... d lIu,ud,npl.... wh ... ,h.pcopI.d,d no, .. prn.1 W.-..ld ... pond ,h., , ... Son ofGocI wt.o aacd,n.h,.w·ri.Wiodom ..... h.kn .... ,h.h,d· d.n,hmg •. h.kn.w ,h.. ,h... pcopl.woul dno, h.o.. b«n.u,h.n"cally .. pen.. n' .... n ... h,l.domgprn.r>ee.aod.h .. " why.h. m...d" d,d no. .u., pi... among ,hem. And on. could 'pprop". ... Iy ..)".bnu.,h... prople:hw.. be" •• fo. ,h.mno,.ohav.known,h."u,h,h.n.h.. ,ng onc. known u.,o •• ,u.n.o,h". fo ........"'... ThllSh.d,dno,do ... o.u,nTy",andSodon.bt. c.>u.. ,h..... penun«would bcf..g,J •.... How·
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I"T HBFo" .T"G.".uT,o"T" n S HALL R. T".". A....on:Th.h, ..orynf,h.jc.... .... ho W.nt down mto Egyp' .nd out fmm Egyp, .......s'o ..co.d .... "h,hll.Th.yc.... h.y sl"n',h • ..., ...... OO.but not all oI.bcm l....d. huod .. dyc~ ...ndmo ..... d,dMo ....nd jolhu•. ".."h.. ,h."m.o(,h.(ou"hgcn"."on ... ouldbt.ppcop..... 'nthIlCon'u,.SOI.. u• ..,fCh,.. h.,for.mrsuc.J .. n... Jnfac •. ,'" numbt.f"" •• dap"w
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;:;':i~!I~r:~U~:~~ ;;:re~;::, .:~ :;ir:.~ .:~~~~~~ "d ••. Th.d.,ad"oodwv•• from,h"numbcr. For if you ,oul up ,h. numb." from on. '0 four you wiJl hav. ,h. "umbc".n.Coun, on •. add ,wofO,hi",h"mak.. ,h, ••. Add,hr .. ,o,h", •• ,hi.m~k .. ,,<.And'o,i <.ddfou,.and,h .. m.k •• '.n.Fou"h.ng.n.'.... rh.d.cad •.• nd ,hedec.d. mdud •• • 1I numbe ... Four i••I", ,h. numberof'g .. of.man:childhood .•dolu«n« . • trilnj".nd m.. uft'y. He " ... gradu.lIr.• nd hi.
wi.dom",on",l;d...d. Thu.,h.fullne"ofwi, dom com ... c<>n.iJ
15, 17·21 A SMO KI NG FIR E POT AND A FLAMING TORCH
" Wh,n the lUn had gon, down a~d it was dar~ . bthold. a ,mokinffi" par and ajlam'~g to,,~ pa'lrd b'IWan tb ... pi" ... " On t~ar ciaJ rh . LORD madt a <"v'naM wilb Abram. laJing, "T. Jowr d..andants J g'Vt ,hi, land. from ,~ . rivrr 01 Egyp: ro lh. grear rivrr. rh. rivrr Eupbral", " ,bt land of lb. Kt"i"" Ih. Kt"i;:;;:;,w. lb. Kadmonirrl. 20 rbt Hirlilrj, rb. Prriniw, 11>< R'rbaim. " rb. Amo,i ... . lb. Canaanilrl, rb. GirgMbilel a~d Ihe )rbul;rrl. " Ovuv,uw, A. f,re ilium''' ..... nd .. 'ho •• m. "moburn •. ,heg,f,of,hel.wburn.,hokwho ab.ndonn ande"bghten.tno.<whoobserv.l' Th •• mok,ngf,cepo,.nd,h.n.m,ng,orch.l· lo .... d,h.p."i.rrh,o ...... h.. "'... h.ppen",g anJ '0 r
danui.,obeund<mood"'prom,sc,ohi,.pi, ttu. lpo"·"'Y·fO,ho•• whopracto«gloj.Theme nttonof,h.l.ndof,n
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gre .. "'.r Euphr"", It " no, ,h.n from.h. gr.., nv.r ofEgrr"d' a,,.. ,h. N;I •. bu, {ro",. .",allon. ,h" ..I""'es Egyr' from p.J • • "n•. wh.", ,h. cuj' ofRh,noC<>ru," ". C"o O.GOD
mod •. bu,.h.g,ftof'h.l.w .hroughM~. rook pIo«"..lf ,n,h.m,d.. of.r.... F".couldb<
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nd,wtthou,b<,ng.bl. '0'« ,hr on. who "''''p<.k,ng. ,h. glv,ng of ,h. comm.ndm<,or dan«w"hngh,re ..on. O"G."'E· ' ·'JJ·H· '