Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations, 2nd Edition, Second Edition (Paint & Coatings)

Second Edition

by

Ernest w. Flick

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NavEs

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Park

PUBLICA Ridge,

New

TlaNs Jersey,

U.S.A.

Copyright Q 1999 by Ernest W. Flick No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in miting from the Publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 99-20463 ISBN: 0-81 55-1 440-9 Printed in the United States Published in the United States of America by Noyes PublicationsfWilliam Andrew Publishing, LLC 13 Eaton Avenue, Norwich, New York 13815 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Flick, Ernest W. Printing ink and overprint varnish formulations /by Ernest W. Flick. -- 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-8155-1440-9 1. Printing-ink. 1. Title. TP949.FS7 1999 667'.5--dc21

99-20463 CIP

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt%

Section II

Overprint Varnishes

8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt% 8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

64

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Grease-Barrier O v e r p r i n t s Table 1 g i v e s a formula f o r an o i l - b a r r i e r o v e r p r i n t based on CAP-482-0.5. Table 2 shows a comparison o f o i l p e n e t r a t i o n r e s i s t a n c e o f t h e CAP-482-0.5 o v e r p r i n t w i t h v a r i o u s o t h e r overprints. Grease- and O i l - B a r r i e r

Table 1 O v e r m i n t Based on CAP-482-0.9

Components: CAP-482-0.5 Eastman T r i a c e t i n p l a s t i c i z e r Tecsol C s o l vent (anhydrous) E t h y l a c e t a t e (99%)

Wt%

Lb/100 U.S.

21.7 1.8 53.5 23.0

Gal. 161.2 13.4 397.5 170.9

Propert ies : N o n v o l a t i l e , w t % : 23.5 V i s c o s i t y a t 24C (75F): Brookf ie l d, mPa-s ( cP) : 576 No. 3 Zahn Cup, sec: 74 The o v e r p r i n t shown i n Table 1 may be reduced t o a p p l i c a t i o n v i s c o s i t y w i t h a 70/30 weight b l e n d o f Tecsol C s o l v e n t [(anhyd r o u s ) / e t h y l a c e t a t e (99%).] T r i a c e t i n p l a s t i c i z e r , w h i l e n o t mandatory i n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n , may be used t o g i v e f l e x i b i l i t y t o the f i l m . Gloss o f t h e o v e r p r i n t may be improved by r e s i n m o d i f i c a t i o n w i t h m a t e r i a l s such as A c r y l o i d 8-68 a c r y l i c r e s i n a t approxi m a t e l y two weight p a r t s CAP-482-0.5 t o one weight p a r t a c r y l i c resin. Table 2 O i 1 P e n e t r a t i o n Resistance o f Various O v e r p r i n t s ( a 1 Type o f O v e r p r i n t : CAP-482-0.5 (GLRC-4) Nitrocellulose Polyamide Vinyl chloride-acetate copolymer

Test Period Hours 2 2 2

Test Temp. CfF) 66(151) 66( 151 ) 66(151)

2

66( 151 )

O i l Penetration Resistance Excel l e n t Fair Poor

Fai r

( a ) O v e r p r i n t s were a p p l i e d t o clay-coated paperboard and allowed t o d r y o v e r n i g h t a t room temperature. Corn o i l c o n t a i n i n g a r e d dye was placed on each o v e r p r i n t e d s u r f a c e and allowed t o remain i n c o n t a c t f o r 2 hours a t 66C (151F). The t e s t m a t e r i a l s were then wiped o f f t h e o v e r p r i n t e d surfaces w i t h a s o f t t i s s u e , and t h e degree o f p e n e t r a t i o n was observed.

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.: Formula GLRC-4

Overprint Varnishes

Heat R e s i s t a n t OPV

wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset GA-1604 Carboset GA-1166

53.4 19.4

Premix and and s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Water Z i n p l e x 15

16.0 4.3

Add w h i l e m i x i n g : BYK 321 Michem 160 BYK 045 Mix f o r 30 minutes.

1.1 5.4 0.3

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 31 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : 47 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, 25C: 25 seconds pH: 9 . 3 G l o s s : 45 B l o c k i n g , Face-to-Face. 20 p s i : 420F S l i d e A n g l e * : 31 C o e f f i c i e n t of F r i c t i o n (COF): 0 . 6 * T e s t i n g on C a r o l i n a 18 s t o c k . C o a t i n g a p p l i e d g r a v u r e (165 l i n e a n i l o x ) head p r o o f e r . F o r m u l a t i o n CL-165 P e t Food Bag OPV Raw M a t e r i a k Carboset GA-1604

60.0

Add t h e f o l l o w i n g w h i l e m i x i n g : 15% Z i n c Ammonium Carbonate Isopropyl Alcohol Water OP-340 L i q i g a r d 85 S a n t i c i z e r 160

4.0 5.0 27.0 1. o 2.0 1. o

Physi c a l P r o p e r t i6 s : V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #2, 25C, s e c s . : pH: 9 . 5 4 D r y B l o c k T e s t : Pass Wet B l o c k T e s t : Pass S l i d e Angle: 38.0 F o r m u l a t i o n CL-230

18

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Polymers: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

65

66

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Heat S e a l a b l e O v e r p r i n t s A l t h o u g h CAP-482-0.5 has a h i g h s o f t e n i n g range [188C (370F) t o 210C (41OF)], t h i s c e l l u l o s e e s t e r can be m o d i f i e d t o produce an o v e r p r i n t which h e a t s e a l s under c o n d i t i o n s used i n t h e industry

.

Table 5 gives a f o r m u l a t i o n f o r a heat-seal o v e r p r i n t f o r paper. T h i s o v e r p r i n t heat-sealed t o i t s e l f ( f a c e - t o - f a c e ) a t 149C (300F) and 2 . 8 kg/cm 2 (40 p s i ) , and an u n p r i n t e d s u r f a c e ( f a c e - t o - b a c k ) a t 177C (350F) and 2 . 8 kg/cm 2 (40 p s i ) i n t h r e e seconds on Kromecoat p a p e r . ( 1 ) Table 5 Components: CAP-482-0.5 Eastman DOP p l a s t i c i z e r SAIB-90 (Sucrose a c e t a t e i s o b u t y r a t e ) Tecsol C s o l v e n t (anhydrous) E t h y l a c e t a t e (99%)

K% 16.0 8.0 17.7 43.3 15.0

Lb/100 U S . Gal 124.6 62.3 137.9 337.3 116.9

Properties: V i s c o s i t y a t 24C ( 7 5 F ) : B r o o k f i e l d , mPa-s ( c P ) : 422 No. 3 Zahn Cup, sec: 52

I f necessary, t h e o v e r p r i n t s o l u t i o n g i v e n i n T a b l e 5 may be d i l u t e d w i t h a 70/30 b l e n d o f Tecsol C s o l v e n t (anhydrous) and e t h y l a c e t a t e (99%). H e a t - s e a l i n g c o n d i t i o n s may be reduced by i n c r e a s i n g t h e DOP and t h e S A I B c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , b o t h o f which f u n c t i o n t o s o f t e n t h e f i l m so t h a t a s e a l can be formed. ( 1 ) P r o d u c t o f Champion I n t e r n a t i o n a l Overprints

Repul p

CAP-504-0.2 possesses t h e a b i l i t y t o f o r m h i g h - g l o s s o v e r p r i n t s w h i c h a r e r e p u l p a b l e under c o n d i t i o n s a c c e p t a b l e t o t h e industry. Paper o v e r p r i n t e d w i t h t h e r m o p l a s t i c CAP-504-0.2 r e p u l p e d under t h e f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s :

can be

1 . Heat a m i x t u r e o f 1 w t % o v e r p r i n t e d paper i n 99 w t % o f a 1 w t % aqueous s o l u t i o n o f NaOH a t 82C (180F) f o r 30 m i n u t e s . 2 . A g i t a t e t h e m i x t u r e ( a f t e r h e a t i n g ) a t moderate speed f o r 30 m i n u t e s . Heat-Resi s t a n t O v e r p r i n t s ~

O v e r p r i n t s w i t h h e a t and chemical r e s i s t a n c e can be f o r m u l a t e d by c r o s s - l i n k i n g CAP-482-0.5 o r CAP-504-0.2 w i t h a r e a c t i v e resi n, SOURCE: Eastman Chemical C o . : Formula GLRC-5

Overprint Varnishes

67

H i a h Gloss OPV (CDX-563) P r i m a r y Purpose: H i g h e s t g l o s s OPV f o r f l e x o / g r a v u r e board, and p r i m e d o r unprimed f o i l .

a p p l i c a t i o n s on p a p e r ,

Wt%

Formula : J o n c r y l 682 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Ammon ia Jonwax 26 Water I PA B u t y l C e l l os01 ve Z i n c O x i d e S o l u t i o n #1

18.0 37.0 10.0 4.0 8.0 13.0 3.0 4.0 3.0

Typical Characteristics: T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 40.5-42.5% V i s c o s i t y : 200-800 c p s pH: 8 . 7 - 9 . 3 Lbs./Gallon: 8.7 F o r m u l a t i o n CDX-563 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n t O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h SCX-660 Anti-Foam: Water

80.00 0.25 19.75

Bubble B r e a k e r 748

OPV Performance Data* pH: 8 . 3 V i s c o s i t y , seconds, Zahn cup #2: 30 Hot Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F: 450 60 G l o s s : 48 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle: 24 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s * * :

200

A d d i t i o n a l l y , h o t mar r e s i s t a n c e can be i n c r e a s e d t o approxi m a t e l y 500F when SCX-660 i s u t i l i z e d as t h e i n k l e t d o w n v e h i c l e and t h e n o v e r p r i n t e d w i t h t h e above v a r n i s h f o r m u l a t i o n . * R e p r e s e n t a t i v e p e r f o r m a n c e r e s u l t s can be o b t a i n e d i n t h e l a b o r a t o r y by s i m u l a t i o n o f t h e c o r r u g a t i o n heat a f t e r a p p l i c a t i o n . Performance p r o p e r t i e s a r e s u b s t r a t e and i n k f o r m u l a t i o n dependent. I n k s have been a p p l i e d w i t h 180 Q. A n i l o x . OPV has been a p p l i e d w i t h 165 Q. A n i l o x . * * T e s t r e s u l t s based on v a r i o u s c l a y c o a t e d l i n e r s .

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

68

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

H i g h - G l o s s Thermoset O v e r p r i n t Based on CAP-504-LL.2

Wt% Lb/100 U . S . Gal Components: P a r t A: CAP-504-0.2 7.5 56.4 Cyme1 300 hexamethoxymethylme1 ami ne r e s i n 15.0 112.8 Krumbhaar K-1979 p o l y e s t e r r e s i n 7.5 56.4 BYK 301 (50%) s l i p a d d i t i v e 2.0 15.0 52.5 394.7 Tecsol C s o l v e n t (anhydrous) E t h y l a c e t a t e (99%) 9.5 71 . 4 P a r t B: p - t o l u e n e s u l f o n i c a c i d (50% i n 6.0 45.1 ethyl alcohol) Add P a r t B t o a s o l u t i o n o f P a r t A. T h i s o v e r p r i n t i s s t a b l e f o r a p p r o x i m a t e l y one month a t room t e m p e r a t u r e and a t a p p l i c a tion viscosity. Properties: V i s c o s i t y a t 24C ( 7 5 F ) : B r o o k f i e l d , mPa-s ( c P ) : 32 N o . 3 Zahn Cup, s e c : 20 Formula FCRC-6 Typical

Overprint Formulation

Components: P a r t A: CAP-504-0.2 7.8 Resi mene U-980 15.5 BYK-301 a d d i t i v e (50%) 1.o 74.5 S o l v e n t b l e n d (See b e l o w ) P a r t B: 1.2 p-Toluenesulfonic acid Add P a r t B t o a s o l u t i o n o f P a r t A . Properties: W t % s o l i d s : 25.0 Relative properties (5=8est): Scuff resistance: 5 Gloss: 5 Solvent release: 4 Suggested S o l v e n t B l e n d s : B l e n d 1: E t h y l a l c o h o l : S O / W a t e r ( l ) : 10: 100 B l e n d 2 : I s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l : 8 0 / W a t e r ( l ) : 20: 100 Blend 3: n-Propyl a l c o h o l : 70/Water(l):30: 100 B l e n d 4: E t h y l a l c o h o l : 9 O / E t h y l a c e t a t e : 1 0 : 100 ( 1 ) The p e r c e n t a g e s g i v e n a r e optimum w a t e r l e v e l s f o r s o l u b i l i t y and f i l m c l a r i t y . I f d e s i r e d , w a t e r can b e changed +/-5% w i t h o u t any d e t r i m e n t a l e f f e c t . F o r m u l a FCMC-2 SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Overprint Varnishes

H i g h S k i d Angle/Low

VOC O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h

Raw M a t e r i a1 s : Place i n t o c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset XPD-1993 63.0 Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset XPD-1926 25.0 Water 8.0 S u r f y n o l OP-340 2.0 L i q u i t r o n 250 2.0 Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 42.7 pH: 8.7 Weight p e r g a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 8 V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #2 @ 25C, seconds: 40.0 Drawdown V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, seconds: 28.0 % Water Added: 3 . 0 G l o s s on O p a c i t y C h a r t , 60, #3wwr: 50.0 G l o s s * : 43.0 B l o c k i n g , 45 p s i , Face-to-Back*: Passes 270F B l o c k i n g , 45 p s i , Face-to-Face*: Passes 220F S l i d e Angle*: 40 C o e f f i c i e n t o f F r i c t i o n (COF)*: 0.816 * T e s t i n g p e r f o r m e d on F r a n c o t e 18 s t o c k . C o a t i n g a p p l i e d g r a v u r e (150 l i n e a n i l o x ) a t drawdown v i s c o s i t y . F o r m u l a t i o n CL-210

Low VOC O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset XPD-1993 35.0 Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset XPD-1926 61 .O L i q u i t r o n 250 2.0 S u r f y n o l OP-340 2.0 Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 42.7 pH: 8 . 9 Weight p e r G a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 8 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : 3000 Drawdown V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, seconds: 2 9 . 0 % Water Added: 21.0 G l a s s on O p a c i t y C h a r t , 60, #3wwr: 47.0 G l o s s * : 48.0 B l o c k i n g , 45 p s i , Face-to-Back*: Passes 370F B l o c k i n g , 45 p s i , Face-to-Face*: Passes 270F S l i d e A n g l e * : 28 C o e f f i c i e n t o f F r i c t i o n (COF)*: 0 . 5 3 * T e s t i n g p e r f o r m e d on F r a n c o t e 18 s t o c k . Coat ng a p p l i e d g r a v u r e ( 1 5 0 l i n e a n i l o x ) a t drawdown v i s c o s t Y . Formul a t ion CL-212

SOURCE:

BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Polymers: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

69

70

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Low VOC O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h W S

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset GA-2136

63.C

Then add whi l e m i x i ng: Carboset GA-1926 Water S u r f y n o l OP-340 WWX-1041

25.0 8.0 2.0 2.0

F o r m u l a t i on C o n s t a n t s : T o t a l s o l i d s b y w e i g h t , % ( t h e o r e t i c a l ) : 42.8 pHi 8.65 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s . : 8 . 9 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : 160 Drawdown V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, seconds: 25 (% w a t e r added): 7 60 G l o s s , C a r o l i n a 18, #4wwr: 68.5 60 G l o s s , O p a c i t y c a r d , #4wwr: 5 4 . 0 B l o c k i n g , 20 p s i , Face-to-Back, F: 235 B l o c k i n g , 20 p s i , Face-to-Face, F: 215 S l i d e Angle: 34.5 C o e f f i c i e n t o f F r i c t i o n (COF): 0.68 60 G l o s s : 69 Water R e s i s t a n c e ( 1 E x c e l l e n t \ 5 P o o r ) : 1 A l c o h o l Rub R e s i s t a n c e ( 1 E x c e l l e n t \ S P o o r ) : 2

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Polymers:

F o r m u l a t i o n CL-234

Overprint Varnishes

71

O f f s e t I n k T r a i n - Varnish J o n c r y l 74 a l s o l e n d s i t s e l f t o t h e f o r m u l a t i o n o f w a t e r reducible overprint varnish f o r o f f s e t p r i n t i n g applications. These v a r n i s h e s can b e a p p l i e d t h r o u g h t h e e x i s t i n g i n k f o u n t a i n i n web o f f s e t h e a t s e t and s h e e t f e d o p e r a t i o n s , e l i m i n a t i n g t h e need f o r a s e p a r a t e r o l l e r c o a t e r o r t o w e r c o a t e r . The "open" t i m e o f f i n i s h e d p r o d u c t s w i l l b e d i r e c t l y r e l a t e d t o t h e amine/ g l y c o l combination selected a l l o w i n g f o r broad formulating parameters. A t y p i c a l " s t a r t i n g p o i n t " formula c o u l d i n c l u d e t h e s e components: Wt% 25.0 25.0 15.0 10.0 10.0 15.0

J o n c r y l 682 P r o p y l e n e G1 y c o l Ammonia, 28% J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 J o n c r y l 74 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y : 690 c p s V i s c o s i t y @ 96 h r s : 1600 c p s pH: 1 0 . 0 T o t a l Polymer S o l i d s : 38.0% G l o s s , #6 r o d on L e n e t a N2C: B l a c k : 90 d e g r e e s W h i t e : 88 d e g r e e s Sutherland, 4 l b x 50: Scratched S l i d e A n g l e , s t a t i c : 30 d e g r e e s S l i d e A n g l e , k i n e t i c : 27 d e g r e e s Dry time*, ambient: 4 h r s . approx.

*Oven a s s i s t e d d r y t i m e s u p p o r t s web o f f s e t p r i n t i n g , speeds Procedure: D i s s o l v e J o n c r y l 682 i n p r o p y l e n e g l y c o l A 1a b o r a t o r y b l e n d e r and pre-warmed g l y c o l w i l l y i e l d a u s a b l e s o l u t i o n i n a p p r o x i m a t e l y 10 m i n u t e s a t h i g h s p e e d . Add ammonia t o r e s i n s o l u t i o n . I n a s e p a r a t e v e s s e l , add J o n c r y l 89 t o Jonwax 26 and m i x t o u n i f o r m i t y . Add J o n c r y l 89/Jonwax 26 b l e n d t o r e s i n s o l u t i o n u n d e r s t e a d y a g i t a t i o n . F i n a l l y , add J o n c r y l 74 t o t o t a l b a t c h under a g i t a t i o n and m i x t o u n i f o r m i t y .

.

SOURCE: SC Johnson P o l y m e r : J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n

72

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

O v e r p r i n t Lacouer f o r H i a h - Q u a l i t y G i f t WraD

E %

Components: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31321) ( a ) Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31281) ( a ) n-Propyl a l c o h o l Wax e m u l s i o n ( b ) S u r f y n o l 104 PA s u r f a c t a n t ( c ) B i o c i d e (d)

70.3 23.1 4.2 2.0 0.3 0.1

( a ) Eastman ( b ) Suggested wax emulsions i n c l u d e F l e x o n i c 600 and F l e x o n i c 901 ( L a w t e r ) ; Hydrocer 600 and Hydrocer 901 (Shamrock T e c h n o l o g i e s ) ; Jonwax 26 (S.C. Johnson); Michem 46940 and Michem 48040 (Michelman). ( c ) A i r Products ( b ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca). F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2 . T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 17-20 sec/#2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s cup. I f necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h w a t e r o r w i t h an 80/20 b l e n d o f w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a l c o h o l . 3 . T h i s f o r m u l a t i o n i s u s e f u l as a b a l a n c e d e x t e n d e r f o r Eastek 2140 and Eastak 1300 i n k s . Application:

Gravure

Substrates: G i f t wrap Coated p a p e r s Features: *High g1,oss o v e r a c r y l i c - o r s o l v e n t - b a s e d * F a s t r u n n i n g speeds *No pH a d j u s t m e n t s needed

inks

SOURCE: Eastman Chemicals: E a s t e k S t a n d a r d No. 91295

Overprint Varnishes

73

Overprint Varnish J o n c r y l 67 c a n a l s o be u t i l i z e d i n o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h f o r m u l a t i o n s t o enhance r e s o l u b i l i t y , t r a n s f e r , and g l o s s / l e v e l i n g p r o p e r t i e s . The f o l l o w i n g i l l u s t r a t e s a f o r m u l a t h a t w o u l d be appropriate f o r i n - l i n e l i t h o applications.

wtsb Jonwax 26 J o n c r y l 89 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 63 Isopropanol W e t t i n g A g e n t : A e r o s o l OT-75 A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748 Performance D a t a : Non-Vol a t i 1e : 39.3% pH: 8 . 5 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , s e c s ( # 3 Z a h n ) : 20 60 G l o s s on L e n e t a Form N2A ( B l a c k / W h i t e ) :

10.0 20.0 39.0 23.5 4.0 3.0 0.5

79/78

Overprint Varnish J o n c r y l 56 i s an e x c e l l e n t r e s i n s o l u t i o n f o r o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s . OPVs u s i n g J o n c r y l 56 can be f o r m u l a t e d t o i m p r o v e a l k a l i , w a t e r , and wet b l o c k r e s i s t a n c e . % -by~--We-ight_ C o a l e s c e d J o n c r y l 537* 45.0 J o n c r y l 56 30.0 N-propyl Alcohol 5.0 10.0 Water Jonwax 26 10.0 Performance Data: V i s c o s i t y ( c p s ) * * : 285 60 G l o s s on L e n e t a 2A-White: W h i t e : 88 B l a c k : 89 Water R e s i s t a n c e ( 5 m i n u t e w a t e r s p o t ) : E x c e l l e n t * * B r o o k f i e l d LVF #2 s p i n d l e , 3 0 rpm. 25C *Coalesced J o n c r y l 5 3 7 : J o n c r y l 537 i s an a c r y l i c e m u l s i o n t h a t has been s p e c i f i c a l l y designed f o r i t s a l k a l i r e s i s t a n c e p r o p e r t i e s . I t i s a hard p o l y m e r t h a t needs t o be c o a l e s c e d ( s o f t e n e d ) i n o r d e r t o maximize i t s r e s i s t a n c e and f i l m f o r m i n g p r o p e r t i e s . % by_Weight 95.0 J o n c r y l 537 G l y c o l E t h e r : B u t y l C e l l o s o l v e & E k t a s o l v e EB 5.0 Add t h e c o a l e s e c i n g s o l v e n t t o t h e J o n c r y l 537 w i t h moderate a g i t a t i o n . C o n t i n u e a g i t a t i o n u n t i l homogeneous. SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymers:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

74

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h o v e r Wet L i t h o I n k

Wt%

Raw M a t e r ia1 s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g v e s s e l : Carboset GA-1324

63.5

Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset GA-1931 DOSS OT-75 Isopropanol B e n z o f l e x 50 P r o p y l e n e G1y c o l

26.5 2.6 2.1 2.1 3.2

Formulation P r o p e r t i e s : pHi 8 . 6 Weight p e r G a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 7 P r i n t V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #3, seconds: 25 % Water Added: 1 8 . 0 G l o s s , 60C: R o l l o u t w i t h 1 8 0 - l i n e hand p r o o f e r o v e r d o u b l e bump o f l i t h o i n k a p p l i e d w i t h quick-peek p r o o f e r . M e t a l 1ized Paper: 72 SBS Board: 54 F o r m u l a t i o n CL-232 Low VOC O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a clean m i x i n g vessel : Carboset XPD-1324

63.0

Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset XPD-1926 Water S u r f y n o l OP-340 L i q u i t r o n 250 Foamblast 370

25.0 7.9 2.0 2.0 0.1

Formulation Constants: Drawdown V i s c o s i t y , #2, seconds: 25 (% w a t e r added): (6%) G l o s s on O p a c i t y C h a r t , 60, #4wwr: 51.3 G l o s s on O p a c i t y C h a r t , 60: 48.9 200 l i n e a n i l o x r o l l o u t G l o s s on C a r o l i n a 18, 60, #4wwr: 63.1 S l i d e A n g l e : 22 C o e f f i c i e n t o f F r i c t i o n (COF): 0.40 T e s t i n g p e r f o r m e d on C a r o l i n a 18 s t o c k . C o a t i n g a p p l i e d #4 WWR a drawdown v i s c o s i t y .

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Overprint Varnishes

75

O v e r p r i n t Varnishes The f o l l o w i n g a r e s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r m u l a t i o n s f o r h i g h g l o s s , h i g h s o l i d s o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s made f r o m J o n c r y l 682 commerc i a l l y a v a i l a b l e s o l u t i o n s . The i n g r e d i e n t s a r e l i s t e d i n t h e appropri a t e order o f addition. H i q h Gloss

Wt% Jonwax 26 Water J o n c r y l 89 J o n c r v l 77 J o n c r i l 52 G l y c o l E t h e r : B u t y l C e l l o s o l v e & E k t a s o l v e EB Z i n c O x i d e S o l u t i o n #1

OPV Performance D a t a : S o l i d s : 40.2% V i s c o s i t y ( c p s ) * : 230 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn ( s e c s ) : 16 60 G l o s s on L e n e t a N2A: B l a c k : 90 W h i t e : 87 pH: 9 . 1 T h e o r e t i c a l VOC ( b y w e i g h t ) : 7.2% * B r o o k f i e l d LVF #2 s p i n d l e , 30 rpm, Low

7.7 11.7 9.6 35.5 28.8 3.8 2.9

25C

voc Wt%

Jonwax 26 Water J o n c r y l 89 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 50 OPV Performance D a t a : S o l i d s : 42.9% V i s c o s i t y ( c p s ) * : 230 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn ( s e c s ) : 16 60 G l o s s on L e n e t a N2A: B l a c k : 81 W h i t e : 77 pH: 8 . 4 T h e o r e t i c a l VOC ( b y w e i g h t ) : 0.7% * B r o o k f i e l d LVF #2 s p i n d l e , 30 rpm,

8.2 6.6 10.3 37.9 37.0

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 682 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

76

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Fvrmulations

O v e r p r i n t Varnishes S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r y l 678 a r e e s s e n t i a l components o f o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s t h a t r e q u i r e e x c e l l e n t r e s o l u b i l i t y , g l o s s , and h o l d o u t . "Water r e s i s t a n t " r e f e r s t o t h e w a t e r s h e d d i n g p r o p e r t i e s r e q u i r e d t o m a n u f a c t u r e p r o d u c t s l i k e f r e s h p r o d u c e boxes and paper p l a t e s . The i n g r e d i e n t s a r e l i s t e d i n t h e recommended order o f a d d i t i o n . Water R e s i s t a n t

Wt% Jonwax 120 Water A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 61 Z i n c Oxide #1 S i 1 icone Emu1s i on: A e r o s o l OT-75

15.0 0.9 0.1 32.5 32.5 14.0 1.5 3.5

N o n - V o l a t i l e : 41 .O% I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , secs ( # 3 Zahn): 15 V i s c o s i t y , 1 week, secs ( # 3 Zahn): 21 pH: 8 . 5 G l o s s , 60: 62 S u t h e r l a n d Rub ( l = b e s t ; l O = w o r s t ) : Face-to-Face: 8 Face-to-Back: 8 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 30 Face-to-Back: 29 K i n e t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 12 Face-to-Back: 12 Water Shedding: E x c e l l e n t

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n

Overprint Varnishes

77

O v e r p r i n t V a r n i shes S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r y l 678 a r e e s s e n t i a l components o f o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s t h a t r e q u i r e e x c e l l e n t r e s o l u b i l i t y , g l o s s , and h o l d o u t . " I n - l i n e l i t h o " i s related t o the a b i l i t y o f the varnish t o l e v e l and d r y o v e r f r e s h l y a p p l i e d o i l based i n k s . The i n g r e d i e n t s a r e l i s t e d i n t h e recommended o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . In-Line L i t h o

Wt% Jonwax 26 Water J o n c r y l 89 A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 61 W e t t i n g / L e v e l i n g a g e n t : LE-410 Isopropanol

10.0 3.5 20.0 0.5

40.0 20.0 3.0 3.0

Non-Vol a t i 1e: 38.5% I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , secs ( # 3 Zahn): 16 V i s c o s i t y , 1 week, secs ( # 3 Zahn): 18 pH: 8 . 4 G l o s s , 60: 69 S u t h e r l a n d Rub ( l = b e s t ; l O = w o r s t ) : Face-to-Face: 5 Face-to-Back: 5 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 27 Face-to-Back: 25 K i n e t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 16 Face-to-Back: 17

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 078 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n

78

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

O v e r p r i n t Varnishes S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r y l 678 a r e e s s e n t i a l components o f o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s t h a t r e q u i r e e x c e l l e n t r e s o l u b i l i t y , g l o s s , and h o l d o u t . "General p u r p o s e " would p r o v i d e t h e k i n d o f f i l m i n t e g r i t y n e c e s s a r y f o r f o l d i n g c a r t o n s , d i s p l a y s , and s i m i l a r a p p l i c a t i o n s . The i n g r e d i e n t s a r e l i s t e d i n t h e recommended o r d e r o f addition. General Purpose

Wt% Jonwax 26 Water A n t i foam: Bubble B r e a k e r 748 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 60 Z i n c Oxide # 1

9.7 2.5 0.2

57.0 25.0 5.6

N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.0% I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , secs ( # 3 Zahn): 16 V i s c o s i t y , 1 week, secs ( # 3 Zahn): 16 pH: 9 . 5 G l o s s , 60: 58 S u t h e r l a n d Rub ( l = b e s t , l O = w o r s t ) : Face-to-Face: 7 Face-to-Back: 7 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 30 Face-to-Back: 24 K i n e t i c S l i d e Angle: Face-to-Face: 16 Face-to-Back: 9

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Overprint Varnishes

O v e r p r i n t Varnishes J o n c r y l 74 i s an e s s e n t i a l component o f o v e r p r i n t v a r n i s h e s t h a t r e q u i r e g l o s s , h o l d o u t , and w a t e r and g r e a s e r e s i s t a n c e . The suggested s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r m u l a t i o n s l i s t e d adddess a few s p e c i a1 t y a p p l ic a t i ons. "Water r e s i s t a n t " r e f e r s t o t h e w a t e r shedding p r o p e r t i e s r e q u i r e d t o manufacture p r o d u c t s l i k e f r e s h p r o d u c e boxes and paper p l a t e s . "General purpose" w o u l d p r o v i d e t h e k i n d o f f i l m i n t e g r i t y necessary f o r f o l d i n g c a r t o n s , d i s p l a y s , and s i m i l a r a p p l i c a t i o n s . The i n g r e d i e n t s a r e l i s t e d i n t h e recommended o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . Water R e s i s t a n t

Wt% Jonwax 120 Water A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748 J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 61 Z i n c O x i d e S o l u t i o n #1 S i l i c o n e Emulsion: LE-410

15.0 0.9 0.1 32.5 32.5 14.0 1.5 3.5

N o n - V o l a t i l e : 41 .O% I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , secs ( # 3 Zahn): 13 V i s c o s i t y , 1 week, secs (#3 Zahn): 38 pH: 8 . 8 G l o s s * , 60: 56 S u t h e r l a n d Rub** ( l = b e s t ; 1 0 = w o r s t ) : Face-to-Face, 500 c y c l e s : 3 Face-to-Back, 500 c y c l e s : 7 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle*: Face-to-Face: 28 Face-to-Back: 27 K i n e t i c S l i d e Angle*: Face-to-Face: 10 Face-to-Back: 11 Water Shedding: E x c e l l e n * T e s t S u b s t r a t e = 8 p t . Warrenf o Paper ( P a p e r b o a r d ) * * T e s t S u b s t r a t e = P r e p r n t e d li ho p o s t e r (Continued) SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

79

80

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h e s (Continued) General Purpose

E % Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 60 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n # I

9.7 2.5 0.2 57.0 25.0 5.6

N o n - V o l a t i l e : 40.0% I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , secs ( # 3 Zahn): 16 V i s c o s i t y , 1 week, secs ( # 3 Zahn): 16 pH: 9 . 2 Gloss*, 60: 49 S u t h e r l a n d Rub** ( l = b e s t ; l O = w o r s t ) : Face-to-Face, 500 c y c l e s : 4 Face-to-Back, 500 c y c l e s : 4 S t a t i c S l i d e Angle*: Face-to-Face: 31 Face-to-Back: 28 K i n e t i c S1 ide Angle* : Face-to-Face: 17 Face-to-Back: 16 Water Shedding: NA * T e s t S u b s t r a t e = 8 p t . W a r r e n f l o Paper (Paperboard) **Test S u b s t r a t e = P r e p r i n t e d l i t h o p o s t e r

SOURCE: SC

Johnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Overprint Varnishes

81

Water I Grease R e s i s t a n t OPV ( J o n c r v l 19381 P r i m a r y PurDose: J o n c r y l 1938 i s a w a t e r and grease r e s i s t a n t c o a t i n g f o r paper p l a t e s , f o o d wraps, f o l d i n g c a r t o n s , and f u r n i t u r e s h i p p e r s . I t has good f r o z e n f o o d r e l e a s e , e x c e l l e n t low tempe r a t u r e b l o c k r e s i s t a n c e , h e a t s e a l r e s i s t a n c e , and e x c e l l e n t w a t e r shedding. I t c a n n o t be g l u e d w i t h c o n v e n t i o n a l a d h e s i v e s .

E %

Formula: J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 61 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n Jonwax 120 S i l i c o n e Emulsion* D o w i c i l 75 Bubble B r e a k e r 748 Water

32.5 32.5 14.0 1.5 15.0 3.5 0.2 0.7 0.7

*Union C a r b i d e LE 410 Food Grade Emulsion ( a v o i d s i l i c o n e fluid). Components P r o v i d e : J o n c r y l 77: F i l m i n t e g r i t y , g l o s s , hardness f o r r e l e a s e , and water r e s i stance. J o n c r y l 74: F i l m i n t e g r i t y , g l o s s , w a t e r r e s i s t a n c e , o i l r e s i s t a n c e , chemical r e s i s t a n c e , and adhesion. J o n c r y l 61: R e s o l u b i l i t y , t r a n s f e r , l e v e l i n g , and h o l d o u t / gloss Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1: C r o s s l i n k i n g f o r improved chemical r e s i s t a n c e , hardness, b l o c k r e s i s t a n c e , and heat r e s i stance. Jonwax 120: P a r a f f i n c o n t e n t p r o v i d e s e x c e l l e n t w a t e r shedding and r e l e a s e p r o p e r t i e s ; p o l y e t h y l e n e promotes g l o s s and mar r e s i s t a n c e . Silicone: Contributes t o a l l resistance characteristics and p r o v i d e s e x c e l l e n t r e l e a s e p r o p e r t i e s .

.

SOURCE:

SC Johnson Polymer: Formula J o n c r y l 1938

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt%

Section III

Coatings

8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

Coatings

83

f o r Aluminum F o i l

-coat

Components: E a s t e k 1200 p o l y m e r d i s p e r s on (31125) Deionized water S u r f y n o l 104 PG s u r f a c t e n t b ) Wax e m u l s i o n ( c ) Biocide (d)

Wt.% 87.9 10.0 1.5 0.5 0.1

(a)

( a ) Eastman ( b ) A i r Products ( c ) Suggested wax e m u l s i o n s i n c l u d e F l e x o n i c 600 and F l e x o n i c 901 ( L a w t e r ) ; H y d r o c e r 600 and H y d r o c e r 901 (Shamrock T e c h n o l o g i e s ) ; Jonwax 26 (S.C. Johnson); Michem 46940 and 48040 ( M i c h e l m a n ) . ( d ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD ( Z e n e c a ) . F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. T y p i c a l l y , t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n i s c u t 30%-50% w i t h w a t e r o r w i t h an 80/20 w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a l c o h o l b l e n d t o a c h i e v e t h e d e s i r e d c o a t i n g w e i g h t a n d / o r COF. Wax c o n t e n t may be a d j u s t e d , i f n e c e s s a r y , t o p r o d u c e t a r g e t COF. A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure S u b s t r a t e : Aluminum f o i l Features: * R e s i s t a n c e t o w a t e r and m e n t h o l / a l c o h o l s o l u t i o n s *Adhesion t o f o i l *Low o d o r * C o n t r o l l a b l e COF ( c o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n ) SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

E a s t e x S t a n d a r d No. 91299

Overprint Varnish

Innredient s : Polymer Butyl Cellosolve F l o u t r o n 200 BYK-346 SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h Co.:

Total 88 6 5 1 Carboset XPD-2224 F o r m u l a t i o n

Parts Parts Parts Parts Parts

84

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Carboset GA-33 i n Waterborne I n k s f o r V i n y l Substrates Carboset GA-33 r e s i n i s p a r t i c u l a r l y s u i t e d f o r use i n waterborne p r i n t i n g i n k s and t o p lacquers f o r p l a s t i c i z e d v i n y l subs t r a t e s as found i n wal7covering. marine and automotive uses. Waterborne i n k s and t o p lacquers based on Carboset GA-33 can be formulated t o meet forthcoming governmental emission r e g u l a t i o n s . These c o a t i n g s can be used on p r o d u c t i o n equipment c u r r e n t l y i n use. C o s t l y s o l v e n t recovery o r i n c i n e r a t i o n equipment i s not necessary. I n k s and c o a t i n g s based on Carboset GA-33 may a l s o p r o v i d e a s u b s t a n t i a l c o s t savings over s o l v e n t borne systems as t h e p r i c e o f s o l v e n t s based on petroleum products c o n t i n u e t o rise. S t a r t i n g Formulation: Waterborne i n k s and c o a t i n g s made w i t h Carboset GA-33 demons t r a t e good scrub, abrasion, UV l i g h t . and crock r e s i s t a n c e , as w e l l as good adhesion and non-blocking c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . These c o a t i n g s can be cured w i t h i n one minute a t 180F when c r o s s l i n k e d w i t h an a z i r i d i n e c r o s s l i n k e r . The c l e a r t o p c o a t described can be pigmented u s i n g commerc i a l l y a v a i l a b l e pigment d i s p e r s i o n s . I t should be noted t h a t n o t a l l o f t h e d i s p e r s i o n s a v a i l a b l e t o t h e graphic a r t s i n d u s t r y w i l l work i n t h i s a p p l i c a t i o n . I t i s recommended t h a t t h e pigment d i s p e r s i o n n o t c o n t a i n s t y r e n a t e d a c r y l i c s which may l e a d t o long-term adhesion and c o m p a t i b i l i t y problems. A d d i t i o n a l l y , pigment d i s p e r s i o n s o r concentrates c o n t a i n i n g excessive amounts of water s e n s i t i v e s u r f a c t a n t should be avoided as t h i s may d e t r a c t from adhesion and r e s i s t a n c e p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e f i n a l i n k . The suggested s t a r t i n g r e s i n t o pigment r a t i o i s approximately 4/1 on a s o l i d s b a s i s . Carboset GA 33 Top Coat f o r V i n y l W a l l c o v e r i n g Materi a1 s : P a r t s Der Hundred P a r t A: Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel. Carboset GA-33 80.0 Add w h i l e m i x i n g a t moderate speed. 6.7 Level 2 7 Butyl Cellosolve 8.0 Water 3.7 Part 8 : Add j u s t p r i o r t o use. XAMA-2* 1.6 Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 4 1 . 7 pH: 7.8 C r o s s l i n k e r R a t i o , r e s i n / a z i r i d i n e : 4/1 Cure Cycle: 1 minute @ 180F *When u s i n g t h i s i n g r e d i e n t t h e user should r e f e r t o t h e MSDS

SOURCE: BFOoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset Formulations

Coatings

Food Release

-

85

Bakery P r o d u c t s

Though t h e normal c o a t i n g f o r m u l a t i o n s a r e e x c e l e n t f o r most a p p l i c a t i o n s , bakery p r o d u c t s o c c a s i o n a l l y s t i c k t o t h e coated s u r f a c e . F o r b a k e r y p r o d u c t s such as cinnamon r o l l s e t c . , t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a t i o n shows e x c e l l e n t r e l e a s e . T o t a l S o l i d s L % ) P a r t s ( D r y Weight) P a r t s (Wet W e i g h t ) Carboset GA-1105 50 60 120 Carboset GA-1103 50 40 80 Cyme1 373 50 8 16 Michem Lube 160 25 15 60 To a c h i e v e good r e l e a s e , t h e c o a t i n g must be c r o s s l i n k e d . The c o a t e d s u r f a c e s h o u l d r e a c h 300F t o a c h i e v e c r o s s l i n k i n g . I f 300F i s n o t p o s s i b l e , a c a t a l y s t such as PTSA can be used. Lidding Films L i d d i n g f i l m s . such as 3M 5850 can be h e a t s e a l e d t o p a p e r b o a r d which has been c o a t e d w i t h compounds u s i n g Carboset GA-1103 and Carboset GA-1105. I n a d d i t i o n , l i d d i n g f i l m s can be produced by a p p l y i n g compounds based on t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a t i o n t o an i n e r t f i l m subs t r a t e such as p o l y e s t e r . T o t a l S o l i d s ( % ) P a r t s ( D r y Weiqht) P a r t s ( W e t W e i g h t 1 Carboset GA-1105 50 70 140 50 30 60 Carboset GA-1103 10 50 5 Propylene G l y c o l t o pH 8 . 5 Sodium H y d r o x i d e 10 t o pH 8 . 5 0.2 CMC-12M 0.5 0.1 Economics Ovenable and non-ovenable c o a t i n g s a r e economical.

A c o a t i n g w e i g h t o f 6 t o 10 l b s . / 3 , 0 0 0 f t . 2 o r 0.3 t o 0 . 5 m i l s i s t y p i c a l l y r e q u i r e d on b o t h f l a t b o a r d and p r e - f o r m e d containers. A c o a t i n g w e i g h t o f 24-26 l b s . / 3 , 0 0 0 t o achieve s i m i l a r p r o p e r t i e s .

f t . 2 ream o f PET i s used

I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e c o s t o f t h e c o a t i n g , t h e equipment needed f o r a p p l y i n g these s p e c i a l t y emulsions i s c o n s i d e r a b l y l e s s e x p e n s i v e t h a n t h e PET e x t r u s i o n equipment. SOURCE: BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

86

Non-Blockina Coatings C o a t i n g s produced u s i n g t h e p r e v i o u s l y mentioned f o r m u l a t i o n possess n o n - b l o c k i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s under t h e f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i ons :

* *

Non-blocking f a c e - t o - f a c e Non-blocking face-to-back

a t 180F, 2 l b s . / i n . a t 212F, 2 l b s . / i n .

2 f o r 24 h o u r s 2 f o r 24 h o u r s

To a c h i e v e n o n - b l o c k i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s up t o 300F, s u r f a c e waxes, o i l s a n d / o r c r o s s l i n k i n g r e s i n s a r e u s u a l l y r e q u i r e d . A recommended f o r m u l a i s l i s t e d below: T o t a l Sol i d s ( % ) 50 Carboset GA-1105 Carboset GA-1103 50 C i t r i c Acid 50 Ammoni um H y d r o x i de 28 P r o p y l e n e G1 y c o l 50 Michem Lube 160 25 50 Cyme1 373 CMC- 1 2M 5 Ammoni um H y d r o x i de 28

P a r t s ( D r y W e i q h t l Parts(Wet Weight1 70 140 30 60 1 2 t o pH 9 . 5 t o pH 9 . 5 7.5 15 10 40 10 20 10 200 t o pH 9 . 5 t o pH 9 . 5

B r o o k f ie l d V i s c o s i t y

485 CP

485 CP

I n o r d e r t o improve t h e non-blocking n a t u r e o f t h i s c o a t i n g t h r o u g h c r o s s l i n k i n g , i t must be d r i e d / c u r e d a t 300F f o r 1-2 minutes. Non-Blocki n g M o i s t u r e B a r r i e r C o a t i n g Foodboard a p p l i c a t i o n s o c c a s i o n a l l y r e q u i r e r e s i s t a n c e t o m o i s t u r e v a p o r as w e l l a s oxygen a n d / o r c a r b o n d i o x i d e . A s t a r t i n g f o r m u l a t i o n f o r such a c o a t i n g i s l i s t e d b e l o w : Total Solids(%) 50 Carboset GA-1105 50 Carboset GA-1103 Michem Lube 316 50 Michem Lube 743 35 Propylene G l y c o l 50 Cyme1 373 50 C i t r i c Acid 100 MCC-12M 5

P a r t s ( D r y Weiqht) PartslWet Weight) 60 120 80 40 5 10 10 29 15 7.5 10 20 1 1 7 0.35

Source: BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals:

Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Coatings

87

R e p u l p a b i l i t y o f Paperboard Coated w i t h C a r b o s e t GA-1103 and C a r b o s e t GA-1105 BFGoodrich has d e v e l o p e d two a c r y l i c e m u l s i o n s , Carboset GA-1103 and Carboset GA-1105, s p e c i f i c a l l y d e s i g n e d f o r c o a t i n g o v e n a b l e and non-ovenable p a p e r b o a r d i n f o o d p a c k a g i n g . Due t o e n v i r o n m e n t a l c o n c e r n s , i t i s d e s i r a b l e t o be a b l e t o r e p u l p t h e coated paperboard. Summary The Carboset GA-llOS/Carboset GA-1105 c o a t e d p a p e r b o a r d was r e p u l p a b l e under l a b r e p u l p i ng c o n d i t i o n s . The c o a t i ngs were c o m p l e t e l y s e p a r a t e d f r o m t h e p a p e r b o a r d . The p a p e r b o a r d was c o m p l e t e l y d i s i n t e g r a t e d . The Carboset GA-llOS/Carboset GA-1105 c o a t i n g s were n o t r e d i s p e r s i b l e . They were c u t i n t o s m a l l p i e c e s i n t h e Waring b l e n d e r . The c o a t i n g d e b r i s were v i s i b l e i n b o t h t h e r e p u l p e d f u r n i s h and i n t h e handsheet c o n t a i n i n g t h e r e c y c l e d p u l p . I n o r d e r t o use t h e r e p u l p e d paperboard, t h e c o a t i n g d e b r i s needs t o be removed f r o m t h e p u l p s l u r r y . R e p u l p a b i l i t y o f t h e Coated Paperboard 601 -750-637-1 Carboset GA-1103 Carboset GA-1105 D r y i n g C o n d i t i o n s : 250F 4 m i n u t e s Repulpabi l i t y : R e p u l p a b l e Observation: Pulp c o n t a i n c o a t i n g d e b r i s & small w h i t e oarticles

Wt% 40 60

601 -750-637-2

Wt% C a r b o s e t GA-1103 Carboset GA-1105 D r y i n g C o n d i t i o n s : 300F 1 m i n u t e R e p u l p a b i l i t y : Repulpable Observation: Pulp c o n t a i n c o a t i n g d e b r i s & small w h i t e particles

SOURCE: BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals:

40

60

Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

88

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

R e p u l p a b i l i t y o f Paperboard Coated w i t h Carboset GA-1103 and Carboset GA-1105 ( C o n t i n u e d l R e p u l p a b i l i t y o f t h e Coated Paperboard (Continued) 601-750-637-3

Wt% Carboset GA-1103 Carboset GA-1105 Cymel 3 7 3 Drying Conditions: 250F 4 minutes R e p u l p a b i l i t y : Repulpable Observation: Pulp c o n t a i n c o a t i n g d e b r i s & small w h i t e particles

40 60 3

601-750-637-4

Wt% Carboset GA-1103 Carboset GA-1105 Cymel 3 7 3 Drying Conditions: 300F 1 minute Repul p a b i 1it y : Repul p a b l e Observation: Pulp c o n t a i n c o a t i n g d e b r i s 8 small w h i t e particles Handsheet: 100% Recycyled P u l p : C o a t i n g d e b r i s on t h e s u r f a c e o f handsheet 90% C o n t r o l P u l p / l O % Recycled P u l p : C o a t i n g d e b r i s on s u r f a c e o f t h e handsheet

40

60 3

the the

601-750-637-5

Wt% Carboset GA-1103 40 Carboset GA-1105 60 D r. y i n e- C o n d i t i o n s : 2 1 2 F 1 m i n u t e R e p u l p a b i l i t y : Repulpable Observation: Pulp c o n t a i n c o a t i n g d e b r i s & small w h i t e particles Handsheet: 100% Recycled P u l p : C o a t i n g d e b r i s on t h e s u r f a c e o f t h e handsheet 90% C o n t r o l P u l p / l O % Recycled P u l p : C o a t i n g d e b r i s on t h e s u r f a c e o f t h e handsheet Control Carboset GA-1103 Carboset GA-1105 Cymel 3 7 3 Drying Conditions: Repul p a b i 1 it y : Repulpable O b s e r v a t i o n : Small w h i t e p a r t i c l e s Handsheet: 100% Recycled P u l p : Clean 90% C o n t r o l Pulp/lO% Recycled P u l p :

---

SOURCE:

----

BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Coatings

89

V i n y l P1a s t i s o l F a b r i c C o a t i n g

P a r t s p e r Hundred H i g h Speed M i x : Geon 12 DIDP D i o c t y l Adi p a t e Drapex 4 . 4 F e r r o 1742 Pigment A, AX, GT,

100 28 12 15 6 5-30

or T

Can be c o n v e r t e d t o an o r g a n o s o l by t h i n n i n g w i t h v o l a t i l e d i l u e n t s such as VM&P Naphtha o r X y l e n e . F u s i o n Temperature 350F (177C). The p r o p e r s t a b i l i z e r s e l e c t i o n is v e r y i m p o r t a n t when u s i n g f l u o r e s c e n t p i g m e n t s i n PVC. Day-Glo recommends c o n s u l t i n g a d d i t i v e m a n u f a c t u r e r s w h i c h f r e q u e n t l y o f f e r heavy m e t a l f r e e h e a t s t a b i l i z e r s s p e c i f i c a l l y d e s i g n e d f o r use w i t h f l u o r e s c e n t colorants. A c r y l i c Urethane C o a t i n g

Wt% Component A : G-Cure 867-Plus 60 Exempt Sol v e n t 81 end Day-G1 o T - P i gment

16.4 8.9 35.6

D i s p e r s e above i n g r e d i e n t s on a h i g h speed m i x e r and add t h e f o l l o w i n g under a g i t a t i o n : 17,8 12.3 0.1

G-Cure 867-Plus 60 Exempt Sol v e n t B1 end A d d i t i v e #11 Component B C a t a l y s t : Desmodur N-75

8.9

Add c a t a l y s t t o c o a t i n g b e f o r e a p p l i c a t i o n . Aerosol Concentrate

K% A c r y l o i d F-10 Post 4 Day-Glo A- o r AX-Pigment L a c t o l S p i r it s To1 uene

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r C o r p . : Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

40.0 1.2 35.0 22.0 1.8

This is a collection of more than 200 formulations .a printing inks, overprint varnishes, and related products. The data represent selections from manufacturers' descriptions made at no cost to, nor influence from, the makers or distributors of these materials. Only the most recent formulas have been included. It is believed that all of the trademarked raw materials listed here are currently available, which will be of utmost interest to readers concerned with raw material discontinuances. The formulations in this book are divided into the following 4 sections: Section I Section II Section 111 Section IV

Printing Inks Overprint Varnishes Coatings Miscellaneous

In addition to the above, there are two other sections which will be helpful to the reader: Section V A chemical trademark section where most tradenamed raw materials included in the book are listed with a chemical description and the supplier's name. The specification which each raw material meets are included, if applicable. Section VI Main office addresses and phone numbers, including 800 numbers, of the suppliers of trademarked raw materials, some of which are not available in the usual reference books. The book lists the following product information, manufacturer's own words: 1. Description of end use.

as available, in the

viii

Preface 2.

The formulas include the following: A. A listing of each raw material contained. B. The amount of each raw material included in the formula, as presented by the supplier. C. An description of the formula D. The formula source, which is the company or organization, that supplied the formula. A secondary source may be the originating company and/or the primary source's publication title, or both. A formula number is included, if applicable.

An End Use Index has also been included in the book for rapid location of the various types of ink and varnish formulations.

Ernest W. Flick

May 1999

NOTICE To the best of our knowledge the information in this publication is accurate: however, the Publisher does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of, or consequences arising from, such information. This industrial guide does not purport to contain detailed user instructions, and by its range and scope could not possibly do so. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the Publisher. In some cases ink and varnish formulations may contain potentially toxic materials, and therefore due caution should be exercised and expert advice obtained when handling these materials. Final determination of the suitability of any information or product for use contemplated by any user, and the manner of that use, is the sole responsibility of the user. We strongly recommend that users seek and adhere to a manufacturer's or supplier's current instructions for handling each material they use. The Author and Publisher have used their best efforts to include only the most recent data available. The reader is cautioned to consult the supplier in case of questions regarding current availability.

Offset Heatset Inks-37 Overprint Lacquer-72 Overprint Varnishes-4, 12, 23, 63, 64,65. 66,67,68,69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80,81, 83 Paper & Board Inks-54 Paper Board Inks-4, 6, 24, 42 Pigment Dispersions-91, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101 Pigment Grinds-93, 104, 105 Polyethylene/Board Ink-1 2 Polyethylene Ink-26, 42, 58, 59 Polyethylene Primer-1 02 Polyethylene Wax Dispersions26, 92 Polyolefin Ink-13 Polypropylene Ink-48 Polypropylene Primer-1 02 Primer for Paper-41 Repulpability of Coated Paperboard-87, 88 Resin Cuts-5, 92, 93, 104, 105 Resin Solutions-103, 106 Screen Printing Inks-43 Sheetfed Offset Inks-30, 37, 45 Slipcoat-83 Stir-In Additive-1 02 Tag & Label Inks-17, 22, 55 Textile Ink-44 Topcoat for Vinyl-84 Urethane Coating-89 Vinyl Film-107 Web Offset-37

Acrylic Emulsions-95, 96 Aerosol .Concentrates-89, 91 Alkali Resistant Ink-1 1 Alkyd Brushing Paint-91 Beverage Board Ink-13 CAP/Aclylic Ink-2, 8 Corrugated Inks-6, 14, 15, 23, 29, 36, 40 Extender for Bronze Pastes/Powder-94 Fabric Coatings-89, 107 Flexo Inks-20 Flexographic Inks-18, 19, 46 Flexo Vehicles-39 Fluorescent Coatings, Vinyl Films, Tempera Paint-107 Fluorescent Inks-49 Foil Inks-27, 53 Foil, Film, Metallized and Tissue Inks-16 Food Release Coating-85 Gravure Ink-7, 24, 25, 28, 43, 44, 47, 56,57 Ink, Black-3, 34, 51, 60 Ink, Blue-5, 31, 35, 41, 51, 59, 61 Ink, Carbon Black-32, 50 Ink, Litho1 Rubine-33 Ink, Red-3, 35, 51 Ink, Yellow-34, 50,60,61 Ink for Films-2, 9, 10, 21, 52 Lidding Film Coating-85 Marker Ink-44 Neutralization Formula-38 Non-Blocking Coatings-86

127

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt%

Section IV

Miscellaneous

8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

Miscellaneous

91

A c r v l i c Aerosol Concentrate ( H i g h Speed M i x )

Wt% A c r y l o i d F-10 (40% i n M i n e r a l Thinner/Amsco F) o r E l v a c i t e 2044 (40% d i s s o l v e d i n M i n e r a l S p i r i t s ) Day-Glo A - P i gment Lactol S p i r i t s To1 uene T h i n w i t h Toluene,

45.5 35.0 17.7 1.8

o r w i t h 1 / 3 Toluene and 2/3 L a c t o l S p i r i t s

To can, use 65% o f t h e t h i n n e d a e r o s o l c o n c e n t r a t e and 35% o f a p r o p e l l a n t , such as A-70 ( p r o p a n e / i s o b u t a n e b l e n d ) A1 kyd B r u s h i n g P a i n t ( H i g h Speed M i x )

X% W a l l k y d 11-151 (35% i n O d o r l e s s M i n e r a l S p i r i t s ) Cyasorb UV 24 Day-Glo A - P i gment 12% C o b a l t O c t o a t e D r i e r Exkin 2 Cab-0-Si 1 Mineral S p i r i t s

44.000 0.400 50.500 0.075 0.200 0.200 4.625

Water D i s p e r s i o n

Wt% 26.1 22.5 0.2 1.2 50.0

Water 2% QP-4400 N a l c o 2341 N a l c o 2335 Day G l o A- o r AX-Pigment

Add m a t e r i a l s i n o r d e r l i s t e d and c o m p l e t e l y d i s p e r s e b e f o r e making n e x t a d d i t i o n . Should be made on a h i g h speed d i s s o l v e r . Aerosol Concentrate 44.6 1.2 34.8 17.6 1.8

A c r y l o i d F-10 Post 4 Day-Glo GT- o r T-P gment L a c t o l Spi r i t s To1 uene SOURCE: Day-Glo Co o r C o r p . :

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

92

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

C a r b o s e t GA-1162 R e s i n C u t CL 119

Wt%

Raw M a t e r ia1 s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : Water Ammonia, 28% I s o p r o p y l Alcohol D i e t h y l e n e Glycol E t h y l Ether

52.0

8.0 5.0 3.0

M i x and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset GA-1162 Mix f o r 1 hour o r u n t i l c o m p l e t e l y d i s s o l v e d . Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 3 4 . 5 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 31 pH: 8.8 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8 . 8 Speci f ic G r a v i t y : 1 .05

32.0

140

C a r b o s e t GA-1162 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax D i s p e r s i on CL 1 3 5 M a t e r i a1 : P l a c e i n t o a c l e a n Cowles m i x e r : CL 119 (See above F o r m u l a t i o n ) Water M i x a t moderate speed and s l o w l y add: S-232 M i x a t h i g h speed f o r 30 m i n u t e s

Wt% 60.0 15.0 25.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 46.0 A c t i v e Wax b y Weight, %: 25.0

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Miscellaneous

93

Carboset GA-1250 Resin Cut

E %

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g v e s s e l : Water Ammonia, 28% I s o p r o p y l Alcohol Ethylene G l y c o l D i e t h y l e n e G l y c o l E t h y l Ether

51 . O 7.5 5.0 1.5 2.5

Mix and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g . Carboset GA-1250

32.5

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 36.0 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, %: 32.0 pH: 7.8 B r o o k f i e l d V i s c o s i t y , 25C, cps: 2,140 Weight per G a l l o n , l b s . : 8 . 8 S p e c i f i c G r a v i t y @ 25C: 1 . 0 6 F o r m u l a t i o n C L 121 Carboset GA-1250 O r q a n i c Pigment G r i n d s Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n b a l l m i l l . Carboset GA-1250 Resin Cut (CL 121) Water BYK 035 A d j u s t pH t o 8 . 5 - t h e n add: O r g a n i c Pigment B a l l m i l l 12 hours check g r i n d . G r i n d should be l e s s t h a n 0.5 m i l .

-

Wt% 40.0

29.5

0.5 30.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 44.1 Pigment t o Binder R a t i o : 2.14/1.00 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 130

SOURCE:

BF Goodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

94

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

E x t e n d e r f o r Bronze Powders/Pastes Comoonents: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31321) ( a ) Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31281) ( b ) n-Propyl a l c o h o l Deionized water S u r f y n o l 104E s u r f a c t a n t ( b ) Cobratec 99 b e n z o t r i a z o l e ( c ) Defoamer ( d ) A s s o c i a t i v e t h i c k e n e r (.o .D t i o n a l ) ( e ) Biocide ( f )

67.0 15.3 7.0 9.2 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Eastman A i r Products PMC S p e c i a l t i e s Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 Add t i v e (Dow C o r n i n g ) ; S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r P r o d u c t s ) ; Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD- 386 (R&A A u x i l i a r es); Mazu DF 327C (PPG) ( e ) Suggested a s s o c i a t i v e t h i c k e n e r s i n c l u d e A c r y s o l RM-025 (Rohm and Haas); DSX-1514 ( H e n k e l ) . ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 3 8 L V (Calgon); and P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca).

.

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1 . Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2 . T y p i c a l l y , 25%-35% b r o n z e powder o r p a s t e i s s t i r r e d i n t o t h i s e x t e n d e r t o produce an i n k . I n k v i s c o s i t y w i l l depend on b r o n z e l e v e l . Applications:

Gravure S t i r - i n bronze i n k s

S u b s t r a t e s : G i f t wrap Other coated papers Features : * P r o v i d e s good "metal 1i c " appearance *Fast r u n n i n g speeds *Easy s t i r - i n o f b r o n z e powders/pastes, storage

i n i t i a l l y and a f t e r

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical P r o d u c t s : E a s t e k S t a n d a r d

No. 91430

Miscellaneous

95

H i g h H i d i n q A c r y l i c Emulsion f o r Inks on N a t u r a l K r a f t SCX-631 i s a c o n t r o l l e d p a r t i c l e s i z e e m u l s i o n d e s i g n e d t o h i d e t h e brown background o f n a t u r a l k r a f t s u b s t r a t e s . The use o f SCX-631 as a l e t d o w n v e h i c l e r e s u l t s i n more i n t e n s e and b r i g h t e r p r i n t e d c o l o r s . The semi-opaque n a t u r e o f SCX-631 a l l o w s f o r r e d u c t i o n o f t h e l e v e l o f p i g m e n t s as w e l l as e x t e n d e r s . Key F e a t u r e s & B e n e f i t s : Increase c o l o r i n t e n s i t y Cost e f f e c t i v e High d i l u t a b i l i t y E x c e l 1e n t r e s o l u b i 1 it y and p r i n t a b i 1 it y Broad compati b i 1 it y Very l o w VOC

* * * * * *

S t a r t i n g P o i n t Formulation: White Pigment D i s p e r s i on: R-960 J o n c r y l 60 SCX-631 Water T i -Pure

Letdown : SCX-631 Jonwax 22 Water I n k Values: pH: 7 . 9 Viscosity, Viscosity,

E % 60.0 5.0 8.0 17.0 6.0 3.0 1. o

I n i t i a l ( # 2 Zahn): 23 secs One week ( # 2 Zahn): 23 secs S t a r t i n a Point Formulation: Black

Wt%

Pigment D i s p e r s i o n : Carbon B l a c k : E l f t e x 5 J o n c r y l 91 A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748 Water

15.0 19.2 0.6 25.2

Letdown : SCX-631 Jonwax 22 Water

5.0 3.0 32.0

I n k Values: pH: 8 . 0 Viscosity, Viscosity,

SOURCE:

I n i t i a l ( # 2 Zahn): 25 secs One week ( # 2 Zahn): 24 secs

SCJohnson Polymer: SCX-631 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

96

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

H i g h H i d i n g A c r y l i c E m u l s i o n f o r I n k s on N a t u r a l K r a f t (Continued) S t a r t i n g P o i n t Formulation-Red Pigment D i s p e r s i on : C a l c i u m L i t h o 1 Red: S u n b r i t e Red 48:2 J o n c r y l 60 Water Letdown : SCX-631 Jonwax 22 Water I n k Values: pH: 8 . 4 Viscosity, Viscosity,

Wtl 13.0 9.6 17.4 52.0 3.0 5.0

I n i t i a l ( # 2 Zahn): 27 s e c s One Week ( # 2 Z a h n ) : 26 s e c s Sta-rtjng P o i n t Formulation-BlLe

Pigment Di s p e r s i on: P h t h a l o B l u e : S u n f a s t B l u e 1 5 : 3 (Green shade) J o n c r y l 60 Water Letdown : SCX-631 Jonwax 22 Water I n k Values: pH: 8 . 2 Viscosity, Viscosity,

55.0 3.0 4.9

I n i t i a l ( # 2 Z a h n ) : 25 s e c s One Week ( # 2 Z a h n ) : 27 s e c s StaCjng-P-oLnt

F o r m u l a t ion--Yellow

P i gment D i s p e r s i on : D i a r y l i d e Y e l l o w : S u n b r i t e Y e l l o w 12 J o n c r y l 60 Water Letdown : SCX-631 Jonwax 22 Water I n k Values: pH: 8 . 3 V i s c o s i t y , I n i t i a l ( # 2 Z a h n ) : 25 s e c s V i s c o s i t y , One Week ( # 2 Z a h n ) : 25 s e c s

SOURCE:

Q 13.0 9.6 14.5

SCJohnson P o l y m e r : SCX-631 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

wta

13.0 9.6 14.5 54.6 3.0 5.3

Miscellaneous

97

Pigment D i s p e r s i o n f o r Water-Borne I n k s Usins Carboset Polymers Introduction Pigment d i s p e r s i o n i s t h e process by which pigments are ground t o a very small p a r t i c l e s i z e and dispersed i n t o a l i q u i d , f o r subsequent use i n a l i q u i d i n k o r c o a t i n g . A pigment d i s p e r s i o n f o r water-borne p r i n t i n g i n k s c o n s i s t p r i m a r i l y o f pigment, r e s i n , water. Various a d d i t i v e s a r e a l s o used, i n c l u d i n g w e t t i n g agents and a n t i - f o a m i n g agents. P i ament S e l e c t i o n The f o l l o w i n g pigments account f o r most o f t h e volume i n water-borne i n k s . A l l a r e used on a r e g u l a r b a s i s w i t h good results. Barium L i t h o l Calcium L i t h o l L i tho1 Rubi ne Red Lake C Barium Red 28 Phthalo Cyan Blue D i a r y l ide Ye1 1ow AAA Phthalo Cyan Green D i a r y l i d e Yellow AAOT Carbon Black Titanium D i o x i d e S t a r t i n q Formulations Formulations f o r pigment d i s p e r s i o n s vary g r e a t l y , depending on a p p l i c a t i o n requirements. Standard d i s p e r s i o n s g e n e r a l l y c o n t a i n about 35% pigment and 9% polymer s o l i d s , p l u s water and additives. To make h i g h g l o s s d i s p e r s i o n s , polymer content i s increased and pigment content i s decreased. Due t o t h e p r i c e d i f f e r e n t i a l i n these raw m a t e r i a l s , t h e c o s t per pound f o r t h i s d i s p e r s i o n w i l l be s l i g h t l y lower. However, because l e s s pigment i s used, t h e c o l o r value o f a h i g h g l o s s d i s p e r s i o n i s a l s o lower, and i n k f o r m u l a t o r s may have t o use more pigment d i s p e r s i o n per pound o f i n k t o achieve d e s i r e d c o l o r values. The f o l l o w i n g s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r m u l a t i o n s have been used s u c c e s s f u l l y i n t h e BFGoodrich l a b o r a t o r i e s : Standard Commercial

Wt% Pigment Polymer s o l u t i o n (Carboset GA-1166HS) Water A n t i -foam agent

35.0 25.0-28.0 37.0-40.0 0 . 1 - 0.2

Hiah Gloss

3 Pigment Polymer s o l u t i o n (Carboset GA-1116HS) Water Anti-foam agent

SOURCE:

25.0 50.0 25.0 0. -0.2

BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboeet Formulat

ons

98

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Piament D i s p e r s i o n f o r Water-Borne I n k s Using Carboset Polymers (Continuedl D i s p e r s i o n Procedure: Dispersions a r e g e n e r a l l y made i n t h r e e steps: pre-mix. g r i n d i n g , f i n i s h i n g . The purpose and procedure i n v o l v e d i n each s t e p i s as f o l l o w s : Step 1. Premix: I n t h i s step, pigment agglomerates a r e broken down i n t o p a r t i c l e s small enough t o go through t h e equipment used i n Step 2 . To do t h i s , t h e polymer s o l u t i o n , pigment and water a r e mixed t o g e t h e r under h i g h shear c o n d i t i o n s . T h i s can be accomplished u s i n g a Cowles o r Scholds type mixer. A Kady m i l l can a l s o be used. Step 2 . G r i n d i n g : Here, t h e p a r t i c l e s i z e i s f u r t h e r reduced f o r more complete d i s p e r s i o n . T h i s can be accomplished i n a g r i n d i n g m i l l , u s i n g a very f i n e g r i n d i n g medium, g e n e r a l l y l e s s than 2mm i n p a r t i c l e s i z e . E i t h e r a h o r i z o n t a l o r v e r t i c a l m i l l can be used, however BFGoodrich has achieved b e t t e r r e s u l t s using h o r i z o n t a l m i l l s . The g r i n d i n g process should be run " c o n t a i n e r t o c o n t a i n e r " , meaning t h a t i t should n o t be d i r e c t l y r e c i r c u l a t e d through t h e m i l l . T h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n assures t h a t t h e product r e c e i v e s u n i form m i l l i n g . The throughput r a t e used w i l l v a r y depending on t h e q u a l i t y o f t h e d i s p e r s i o n being made. For h i g h e s t g l o s s d i s p e r s i o n s smaller p a r t i c l e s a r e r e q u i r e d and t h e throughput should be kept very low t o maximize g r i n d i n g . Several companies produce shot m i l l s s u i t a b l e f o r pigment g r i n d i n g . BFGoodrich has seen successful g r i n d i n g u s i n g equipment from Buhler, Netzch. D r a i s , and Scholds. Step 3. F i n i s h i n g : The f i n i s h i n g s t e p i s grinding m i l l t o further made u s i n g t h e same shot f i n i s h i n g can be through

simply an a d d i t i o n a l pass through t h e d i s p e r s e t h e pigment. This pass can be o r , t o g i v e a g l o s s i e r appearance, extremely f i n e shot.

SOURCE: BFGoodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset Formulations

Miscellaneous

99

Pigment D i s D e r s i ons J o n c r y l 67 p r o v i d e s s u p e r i o r w e t t i n g p r o p e r t i e s f o r t h e m a n u f a c t u r e o f h i g h s o l i d s , l o w v i s c o s i t y pigment d i s p e r s i o n s . T y p i c a l s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r m u l a s f o r b o t h pigment d i s p e r s i o n s and f i n i s h e d i n k s f o r a v a r i e t y o f s u b s t r a t e s and a p p l i c a t i o n s a r e as follows: Dispersion A Formula: C a l c i u m L . i t h o l Red 28 (48.2): S u n B r i t e 48:2 J o n c r y l 63 Water pH: 8 . 5 Viscosity: I n i t i a l , c p s : 1,775 90 Days, c p s : 1,510 Pigment:Binder R a t i o : 4:l

Wt% 32.5 23.9 43.6

Dispersion B Formula: P h t h a l o B l u e G.S. (15.3): S u n f a s t B l u e 15:3 J o n c r y l 63 Water pH: 8 . 5 V i scosi t y : I n i t i a l , c p s : 450 90 Days, c p s : 440 P i g m e n t : B i n d e r R a t i o : 4:l

Wt% 37.5 31.3 31 .2

Dispersion C Formula: D i a r y l i d e Y e l l o w , AAA: S u n B r i t e Y e l l o w 12 J o n c r y l 63 Water pH: 8.4 V i scosi t y : I n i t i a l , cps: 1,240 90 Days, c p s : 1,280 Pigment:Binder R a t i o : 4:l

Wt% 37.5 31.3 31 .2

Procedure: 1. P r e b l e n d b a t c h t o u n i f o r m i t y u s i n g h i g h speed d i s p e r s i n g equipment. 2. Feed b l e n d i n t o s m a l l media m i l l . 3. I n c r e a s e speed and d i s p e r s e t o r e q u i r e d f i n e n e s s o f g r i n d 4. R e c i r c u l a t e u n t i l a l l a i r has been d i s p l a c e d .

SOURCE:

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 7 4 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

100

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

P i ament D i s p e r s i ons J o n c r y l 67 p r o v i d e s s u p e r i o r w e t t i n g p r o p e r t i e s f o r t h e m a n u f a c t u r e o f h i g h s o l i d s , l o w v i s c o s i t y pigment d i s p e r s i o n s . T y p i c a l s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r m u l a s a r e as f o l l o w s : Dispersion A Formul a : Phthalo Blue G.S. J o n c r y l 63 Water

Wt% (15:3): SunFast B l u e 15:3 (G.S.)

37.5 31.3 31.2

pH: 8.5 V i scosi t y :

I n i t i a l , c p s : 450 90 Days, c p s : 440 P i g m e n t : B i n d e r R a t i o : 4:l Dispersion B Formu 1a : D i a r y l i d e Yellow, J o n c r v l 63 Water-

AAA (12): S u n B r i t e Y e l l o w 12

37.5 31.3 31.2

pH: 8.4 Viscosity : I n i t i a l , c p s : 1,240 90 Days, c p s : 1,280 P i gment : B i n d e r R a t i o : 4: 1 Dispersion C Formu 1a : C a l c i u m L i t h o 1 Red 2 8 (48:2): S u n B r i t e Red 48:2 J o n c r y l 63 Water

Wt% 32.5 23.9 43.6

pH: 8.5 Viscosity: I n i t i a l , c p s : 1,775 90 Days, c p s : 1,510 P i g m e n t : B i n d e r R a t i o : 4:l Procedure: 1 . P r e b l e n d b a t c h t o u n i f o r m i t y u s i n g h i g h speed d i s p e r s i n g equipment 2. Feed b l e n d i n t o h o r i z o n t a l , smal 1 media m i 11. 3. I n c r e a s e speed and d i s p e r s e t o r e q u i r e d f i n e n e s s o f g r i n d . 4. R e c i r c u l a t e u n t i l a l l a i r has been d i s p l a c e d .

.

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Miscellaneous

101

P i qment D i s p e r s i o n s S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r y l 678 p r o v i d e t h e r h e o l o g y and w e t t i n g t o p r o d u c e h i g h q u a l i t y pigment d i s p e r s i o n s . The s o l i d s l e v e l o f J o n c r y l 678 s o l u t i o n s can be a d j u s t e d t o d i s p e r s e e i t h e r d r y pigment o r " h i g h " and " l o w " s o l i d s p r e s s c a k e . Dispersion A

k % C a l c i u m L i t h o l : S u n B r i t e Red 48:2, J o n c r y l 60 Water

#234-0077

33.0 24.0 43.3

V i s c o s i t y , cps : 1825 Dispersion 0

5 P h t h a l o B l u e : SunFast B l u e 15:3 ( G . S . ) , #249-1282 J o n c r y l 60 Water Viscosity,

35.0

26.0 39.0

c p s : 360 Dispersion C

5 D i a r y l i d e Yellow: J o n c r y l 60 Water Viscosity,

S u n B r i t e Y e l l o w 12, #273-3556

35.0 26.0 39.0

c p s : 830

T y p i c a l Procedure: 1 . P r e b l e n d b a t c h t o u n i f o r m i t y u s i n g h i g h speed d i s p e r s i n g e q u i pment 2 . Feed b l e n d i n t o s m a l l media m i 11. 3. I n c r e a s e speed and d i s p e r s e t o r e q u i r e d f i n e n e s s o f g r i n d . 4. R e c i r c u l a t e u n t i l a l l a i r has been d i s p l a c e d .

.

SOURCE:

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

102

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

P r i m e r f o r P o l y p r o p y l e n e and O t h e r P l a s t i c s and M e t a l s W S Raw M a t e r ia1 s : 1 2 CP 343-1 (25%) 20.0 10.0 ---E l v a x 260 o r 40W R e s i n ( 1 ) 2.5 To1 uene 80.0 87.5 ( 1 ) E t h y l e n e v i n y l a c e t a t e copolymer r e s i n s f r o m DuPont.

S t i r - I n A d d i t i v e i n C o a t i n g s f o r P o l y p r o p y l e n e and O t h e r P l a s t i c s

Wt% 1 2 Raw M a t e r i a l s : CP 343-3 (50%) 5.0 ( 1 ) CP 515-2 (40%) --7.5 ( 1 ) A c r y l i c enamel o r l a c q u e r 100.0 100.0 ( 1 ) L e v e l o f c h l o r i n a t e d p o l y o l e f i n may be a d j u s t e d t o g i v e optimum p r o p e r t i e s .

----

Primer f o r Polyethylene

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s 1 2 20.0 16.0 CP 153-2 (25%) E l v a x 40W o r 260 r e s i n ( I ) 2.5 To1 uene 80.0 87.5 ( 1 ) E t h y l e n e v i n y l a c e t a t e copolymer r e s i n s f r o m DuPont.

----

Eastman C h l o r i n a t e d P o l y o l e f i n s i n C o a t i n g s f o r S e l e c t e d Plastics: F e a t u r e s and B e n e f i t s : *Promotes a d h e s i o n t o p o l y o l e f i n s and o t h e r p l a s t i c s *Promotes a d h e s i o n t o aluminum and g a l v a n i z e d s t e e l *Useful f o r s t i r - i n o r primer f o r m u l a t i o n s * U s e f u l f o r i n k s and c o a t i n g s * A v a i l a b l e i n s o l u t i o n o r powder f o r m

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.: Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Miscellaneous

103

Rest n S o l u t i ons

The f o l l o w i n g r e s i n s o l u t i o n s a r e c o m m e r c i a l l y a v a i l a b l e : J o n c r y l 50

Wt% J o n c r y l 682 R e s i n F l a k e Ammonia, 28% Water pH: 8 . 4 V i s c o s i t y (cps)*:

50.0 11 . 8 38.2

5,000 J o n c r v l 52

Wt% J o n c r y l 682 R e s i n F l a k e Isopropyl Alcohol Ammonia, 28% Water pH: 8 . 7 Viscosity (cps)*:

60.0 10.0 14.0 16.0

5,000

J o n c r y l 55

Wt% J o n c r y l 682 Resin F l a k e Ammonia, 28% Water pH: 8 . 4 V i s c o s i t y ( c p s ) * : 30,000 * B r o o k f i e l d LVF #3 s p i n d l e ,

61 . O 14.2 24.8

12 rpm, 25C

Procedure f o r making t h e r e s i n s o l u t i o n s : 1 . Add h o t w a t e r (130-150F), i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l ( i f a p p l i c a b l e ) , and ammonia i n a c o v e r e d v e s s e l f i t t e d w i t h h i g h speed d i s persing agitation. 2. S t a r t a g i t a t i o n and add J o n c r y l 682 s l o w enough t o p r e v e n t t h e f o r m a t i o n o f lumps o r b a l l s . A g i t a t e a t medium speed f o r 15 m i n u t e s . 3 . Cool and check pH. A d j u s t pH w i t h ammonia t o r e q u i r e d specif i c a t i on. P r e c a u t i o n s must be t a k e n i n o r d e r t o p r e v e n t l o s s o f a l c o h o l o r ammonia d u r i n g t h e r e s i n c u t t i n g p r o c e d u r e . S i g n i f i c a n t l o s s o f e i t h e r t h e a l c o h o l o r ammonia may r e s u l t i n u n d i s s o l v e d r e s i n i n the solution. R e s i n c u t s can be made a t v a r i o u s v i s c o s i t i e s by a d j u s t i n g t h e s o l i d s l e v e l , a l c o h o l , o r pH.

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 682 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

104

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Solvent Free Resin C u t

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : Water Ammonia, 27%

56.0 9.0

Add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : C a r b o s e t GA-1161 35.0 M i x a t h i g h speed f o r 45 m i n u t e s o r u n t i l a l l r e s i n has d i s s o l v e d F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 35.1 V i s c o s i t y . B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8 . 9 F o r m u l a t i o n CL 1016

1850

O r g a n i c Pigment G r i n d s Raw M a t e r ia1 s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : Carboset GA-1161 Solvent Free R e s i n Cut (Formula CL 1016) Water BYK 035 A d j u s t p H t o 8 . 5 - t h e n add: O r g a n i c P i gment Shot m i l l 12 hours-check g r i n d . G r i n d s h o u l d be l e s s t h a n 0.5 m i l .

Wt% 40.0 25.9

0.5 30.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 44.2 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 2.14/1 .OO F o r m u l a t i o n WI119B

SOURCE:

BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals:

Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Miscellaneous

Solvent Free Resin C u t

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a1 s: Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Water Ammonia, 28%

56.3 8.7

Add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset GA-1162

35.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 35.0 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, %: 33.1 pH: 8.9 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C. cps: 1032 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s . : 8 . 8 F o r m u l a t i o n CL 173 Organic P i ament G r i nds Raw M a t e r i a1 s: Place i n t o a clean b a l l m i l l : Carboset GA-1162 Resin c u t (CL 1096) Water 8YK 035 A d j u s t pH t o 8 . 5 - t h e n add: Organic P i gment B a l l m i l l 12 hours Check g r i n d . G r i n d s h o u l d be l e s s t h a n 0 . 5 m i l .

-

Wt% 40.0 29.5

0.5 30.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 44.1 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 2.14/1.00 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 1218 SOURCE:

BF

Goodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

105

106

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r v l 678 J o n c r y l 678 i s s u p p l i e d i n s o l i d f o r m and must be n e u t r a l i z e d and d i s s o l v e d t o f o r m a v a r n i s h b e f o r e use. S o l u t i o n s o f J o n c r y l 678 shown below a r e c o m m e r c i a l l y a v a i l a b l e as J o n c r y l 60 and J o n c r y l 61: J o n c r y l 60

Wt% J o n c r y l 678 Ammonia, 28% Water

34.00 7.50 58.50

Appearance: C1 e a r s o l u t i on N o n - V o l a t i l e : 34.0% V i s c o s i t y : 5500 cps pH: 8 . 4 Weight p e r G a l l o n : 8 . 9 4 l b s . T h e o r e t i c a l VOC ( b y W e i g h t ) : 0.7% J o n c r v l 61

Wt% J o n c r y l 678 Ammonia, 28% P r o p y l e n e G1 y c o l Isopropanol Water

35.00 7.40 1.45 5.65 50.50

Appearance: C l e a r s o l u t i o n Non-Vol a t i 1e: 35.5% V i s c o s i t y : 3250 cps pH: 8 . 3 Weight p e r G a l l o n : 8.80 l b s . T h e o r e t i c a l VOC ( b y W e i g h t ) : 7.0% Procedure f o r making t h e r e s i n s o l u t i o n s : 1 . Add h o t w a t e r (130-150F), i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l ( i f a p p l i c a b l e ) , and ammonia i n a c o v e r e d v e s s e l f i t t e d w i t h h i g h speed d i s p e r s i n g a g i t a t i o n . 2. S t a r t a g i t a t i o n and add J o n c r y l 678 s l o w enough t o p r e v e n t t h e f o r m a t i o n o f lumps o r b a l l s . A g i t a t e a t medium speed u n t i 1 dissolved. 3. Cool and check pH. A d j u s t pH w i t h ammonia t o r e q u i r e d speci f i c a t i o n . P r e c a u t i o n s must be t a k e n i n o r d e r t o p r e v e n t l o s s o f a l c o h o l o r ammonia d u r i n g t h e r e s i n c u t t i n g p r o c e d u r e . S i g n i f i c a n t l o s s o f e i t h e r t h e a l c o h o l o r ammonia may r e s u l t i n u n d i s s o l v e d resin i n the solution.

SOURCE:

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 670 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Miscellaneous

Vinyl

107

P l a s t i s o l M o l d i n q . F i l m Foamina 8 F a b r i c C o a t i n g ( H i g h Speed M i x )

Geon 121 DIDP (Coalescing Solvent) D i o c t y l Adipate (Coalescing Solvent) Drapex 4 . 4 ( S t a b i l i z e r ) F e r r o 1742 ( S t a b i l i z e r ) Day-Glo A- o r AX-Pigment

P a r t s p e r Hundred 100 28 12 15 6 5-30

Can be c o n v e r t e d t o an o r g a n o s o l b y t h i n n i n g w i t h v o l a t i l e d i l u e n t s such as VM & P Naphtha o r X y l e n e . F u s i o n t e m p e r a t u r e i s 350F (177C). Semi - R i a i d Calendered V i n v l F i l m Tenneco 225F DIDP Mark GS Drapex 6 . 8 Day-Glo GT-

100.0 15.0 p h r 2.5 phr

5 . 0 phr 10.0 phr

o r T-Pigment F l u o r e s c e n t Paper C o a t i ng

E % Day-Glo EPX D i s p e r s i o n 25 ( a d j u s t pH t o 7 . 5 t o 8.0 b e f o r e a d d i n g o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s ) C a l c i u m Carbonate 15 Thickener A s Needed Latex Binder 23 Water 37 Defoamer, B i o c i d e As Needed Tempera P a i n t

Wt% Day-Glo EPX D i s p e r s i o n 50 ( a d j u s t pH t o 7 . 5 t o 8.0 b e f o r e a d d i n g o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s ) Thickener As Needed Latex Binder 25 Water 25 Defoamer, B i o c i d e As Needed

SOURCE: Day-Glo Color C o r p . : Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : #1 J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 1679 Water

Section I

Printing Inks

Wt% 8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

2

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Adhesion Promoters T i t a n i u m A c e t y l A c e t o n a t e (TAA) D e r i v a t i v e s : The use o f TAA d e r i v a t i v e s i n a CAP-based i n k f o r m u l a t i o n c o n t a i n i n g a high-acid-number m a l e i c o r a c r y l i c r e s i n was found t o improve adhesion t o c o e x t r u d e d f i l m s such t h a t commercial i n k s were i n t r o d u c e d i n t h e l a t e ‘70s. The use o f m o d i f y i n g r e s i n s h a v i n g a p p p r e c i a b l e a c i d v a l u e s was necessary i n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n t o o b t a i n adequate adhesion t o t h e c o e x t r u d e d p o l y o l e f i n substrate. T a b l e 4 shows a t y p i c a l i n k f o r m u l a t i o n . The adhesion promoter ( P l - 2 ) i n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n i s isopropoxyethoxy t i t a n i u m b i s a c e t y l a c e t o n a t e , which was p r e f e r r e d o v e r t h e u n m o d i f i e d TAA s i n c e i t does n o t c r y s t a l l i s e i n c o l d weather. The t i t a n i u m d e r i v a t i v e i s t h o u g h t t o promote adhesion by r e a c t i n g w i t h h y d r o x y l groups on t h e CAP r e s i n and w i t h groups i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e p o l y o l e f i n f i l m d u r i n g t h e corona d i s c h a r g e t r e a t m e n t . CAP/Acrvlic

Table 4 I n k f o r Coextruded P o l v o l e f i n F i l m s

I n a r e d i e n t s: CAP-482-0.5 S u r c o l 836W a c r y l i c r e s i n T i o x i d e R-TC 90 t i t a n i u m d i o x i d e Dibutyl phthalate T i l c o n P1-2 (65%) isopropoxyethoxy t i t a n i u m b i s acetylacetonate L a n c o g l i d d TD (25%) wax 1 : l d e n a t u r e d e t h a n o 1 : e t h y l a c e t a t e , 99%

Wt% 8.6 4.3 25.8 1.7 2.0 2.0 55.6

Notes : * T h i s i n k may be o v e r p r i n t e d w i t h an u n m o d i f i e d C A P / a c r y l i c c o l o u r e d i n k as shown i n T a b l e 2. *The d r y i n g r a t e may be r e t a r d e d , i f necessary, by adding 1%-5% n - B u t y l a c e t a t e . *CAP-504-0.2 may be s u b s t i t u t e d f o r CAP-482-0.5 i f a g r e a t e r concentration o f ethanol i n t h e solvent blend i s required. The i n k s t a b i l i t y , which appears t o be i n excess o f 12 months, depends on b o t h t h e presence o f a l c o h o l i n t h e s o l v e n t b l e n d and on t h e a c i d v a l u e o f t h e m o d i f y i n g r e s i n . The a c i d v a l u e o f t h e m o d i f y i n g r e s i n i n T a b l e 4 i s around 60; i f r e s i n s h a v i n g h i g h e r v a l u e s a r e used, t h e i n k s t a b i l i t y i s i m p a i r e d . SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co. : F o r m u l a t i o n W16

Printing

Inks

Black Ink Raw M a t e r i a l s : P l a c e i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s . Carboset GA-1364 DM Water Monoethanolamine Foamburst 151 Foamburst 157 Raven 450 Check g r i n d .

Wt% 69.2 18.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 12.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 30.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 23.0 pH: 8 . 7 Weight p e r G a l l o n / l b s : 9 . 1 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 211 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn. 25C, s e c . : 12 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 62 Red

Ink

Raw M a t e r i a l s : P l a c e i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s . Carboset GA-1364 DM Water Monoethanolamine Foamburst 151 Foamburst 157 S u n b r i t e Red Check g r i n d .

69.2 18.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 12.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 30.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 23.0 pHi 8 . 8 Weight p e r G a l l o n / l b s . : 9.0 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 443 V i s c o s i t y . #3 Zahn, 25C, sec: 16 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 159 SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

3

4

Printing Ink and Overprini Varnish Formulaiwns

B l a c k Ink f o r Paper Board

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: L i q u a f 1ex B l ack

34.0

S l o w l y mix and add: Carboset GA-1086 CL 119 (See page 92) Michem 32535 CL 135 (See page 92) Water Butyl Cellosolve BYK 301 M i x a t medium speed f o r 30 m i n u t e s

35.0 18.0 3.0 3.4 4.3 2.2

0.1

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 41 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, 96: 36 pH: 8.1 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 9 . 1 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 20 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 135 F o r m u l a t i o n WI 141 Overprint Varnish

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset GA-1086

60.0

S l o w l y mix and add: CL 119 (See Page 92) Michem 32535 CL 135 (See Page 92) Water B u t y l C e l l os01ve BYK 301 M i x a t medium speed 30 minutes F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 43 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, %: 40 pH: 8 . 1 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 0 . 7 V i s c o s i t y , #3, 25C, s e c . : 20 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: F o r m u l a t i o n CL 142

29.1 2.8 2.0 4.0 2.0 0.1

160

SOURCE: BF Q o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing

Inks

5

Blue I n k

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : F l e x i v e r s e BFD-1121

30.0

Mix and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : CL 1066 (See below) Water Carboset GA-1087 S a n t i c i z e r 160 Michem 32535 M i x a t medium speed f o r 15 m i n u t e s .

20.0 11 . o 31 . O 3.5 4.5

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 44 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 39 pH: 8 . 8 V i s c o s i t y , 25C, #3 Zahn, Seconds: 36 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 9 . 1 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 131 High S o l i d s Resin Cut Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a clean m i x i n g vessel: Water Isopropanol Ammonia, 28%

C % 27.0 10.0 13.0

Add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset GA-1161 50.0 Mix a t h i g h speed f o r 45 m i n u t e s o r u n t i l a l l r e s i n has d i s s o l v e d Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s Weight, %: 52.0 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, %: 47.6 pH: 8 . 2 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 3,250 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8.9 Formula CL 106B

SOURCE:

BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

6

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

B l u e Ink

for Paper and PaDer Board

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n b a l l m i l l : Carboset GA-1387 DM Water Isopropyl Alcohol BYK 035 S u n f a s t B l u e 249-1291 B a l l m i l l 12 h o u r s check g r i n d

-

Wt9(

65.0 16.8 3.0 0.2 15.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 3 0 . 0 Pigment b i n d e r r a t i o : 1 : l V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, 25C, sec: 22 pH: 8 . 2 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 138 B l u e C o r r u a a t e d Ink Raw M a t e r i a l s : S l o w l y Premix t h e f o l l o w i n g : S u n f a s t B l u e 449-1281 Carboset GA-1387 Isopropyl Alcohol Huber 900 Foamburst 338 Water Ethanolamine P l a c e i n t o a c l e a n b a l l m i l l and b a l l m i l l 1 2 h o u r s g r i nd.

Wt% 30.0 60.0 3.0 5.0 0.2 1. I 0.7 check

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 3 0 . 8 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 23.6 pH: 9 . 0 Weight p e r g a l l o n , l b s . : 9 . 2 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 29 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 135 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 1 / 1 . 2 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 140

SOURCE: BF Goodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Bronze Gold I n k Components: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n ( a ) Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n ( a ) n-Propyl a l c o h o l S u r f y n o l 104 PA s u r f a c t a n t ( b ) Cobratec 99 b e n z o t r i a z o l e ( c ) Defoamer ( d ) Associative thickener (e) Biocide ( f ) R i c h g o l d f l a k e 9520X (bronze powder) ( 9 )

Wt% 47.2 11.7 5.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 45.0

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Eastman A i r Products PMC S p e c i a l t i e s Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow C o r n i n g ) ; S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r P r o d u c t s ) ; Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; Mazu DF 327C (PPG) ( e ) Suggested a s s o c i a t i v e t h i c k e n e r s i n c l u d e A c r y s o l RM-825 (Rohm and Haas) ; DSX-1514 (Henkel ) . ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Cal gon) ; P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca). ( 9 ) U . S . Bronze Powders

.

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. I n k v i s c o s i t y w i l l depend on bronze l e v e l . To a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h w a t e r o r w i t h an 80/20 b l e n d o f w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a l c o h o l . A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure Substrates: G i f t wrap Other c o a t e d papers Features: *Good m e t a l l i c appearance *Redi s p e r s i b l e a f t e r s e t t ing *Fast r u n n i n g speeds

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.

Eastek Standard No. 91501

7

8

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

__ C A.P/Acrvlic

I n k W i t h Amino S i l a n e Adhesion Promoter

S i 1anes : S i l a n e s r e a c t w i t h h y d r o x y l groups on CAP and promote adhesion s i m i l a r l y t o t h e t i t a n i u m d e r i v a t i v e s d e s c r i b e d . However, i t has been f o u n d t h a t amine s i l a n e s have t h e g r e a t e s t e f f e c t on adhes i o n improvement. The amino s i l a n e d e r i v a t i v e s t h a t appeared t o o f f e r t h e b e s t p r o p e r t i e s were S i l a n e 26020 f r o m Dow C o r n i n g o r D y n a s i l a n DAMO f r o m Dynamit N o b e l . The l e n g t h o f t h e a l k y l c h a i n on t h e amino s i l a n e appeared t o have l i t t l e e f f e c t on adhesion, b u t t h e l o n g e r - c h a i n s i l a n e s produced a s t r o n g amine odour d u r i n g i n k d r y i n g . A n o t h e r a s p e c t o f u s i n g amino s i l a n e s i s t h a t f o r m u l a t e d i n k s cannot be s u c c e s s f u l l y p r i n t e d i m m e d i a t e l y . There appears t o be some chemic a l r e a c t i o n between t h e s i l a n e and t h e b i n d e r ; i f p r i n t i n g i s c a r r i e d o u t b e f o r e i t i s completed, p o o r adhesion r e s u l t s . W i t h S i l a n e 26020 t h e d e l a y was 16 hours, b u t w i t h new samples o f D y n a s i l a n DAMO t h e d e l a y was 10 m i n u t e s , a l t h o u g h i t i n c r e a s e d w i t h a g i n g . The d e l a y , however, c o u l d be o b v i a t e d b y p r e p a r i n g master s o l u t i o n s o f s i l a n e w i t h a c r y l i c r e s i n s o l u t i o n . These appeared s t a b l e t o l o n g - t e r m a g i n g and c o u l d be used i n i n k s f o r immediate use. T a b l e 7 shows a t y p i c a l CAP-based s i l a n e i n k f o r m u l a t i o n . F o r t h e s i l a n e s examined, i t was i m p o r t a n t t h a t t h e a c r y l i c r e s i n has a z e r o a c i d number; a c r y l i c s h a v i n g a measurable a c i d v a l u e r e s u l t e d i n poor g l o s s . One d i s a d v a n t a g e o f s i l a n e based i n k s was t h e i r l a c k o f v i s c o s i t y s t a b i l i t y d u r i n g a g i n g o v e r s e v e r a l weeks. Table 7 Ingredients: CAP-482-0.5 P l e x i g u m N742 a c r y l i c r e s i n O i butyl phthalate T i o x i d e R-TC 90 t i t a n i u m d i o x i d e S i l a n e 26020 a m i n o s i l a n e d e r i v a t i v e 1 : 1 i n d u s t r i a l ethano1:ethyl acetate

Wt% 8.73 4.37 1.75 26.20 1.31 57.64

The v i s c o s i t y i n c r e a s e , however, c o u l d be reduced somewhat b y a d d i n g 2.6% t r i m e t h y l o r t h o f o r m a t e o r t r i e t h y l o r t h o f o r m a t e t o t h e f o r m u l a t i o n i n T a b l e 7 . The use o f D y n a s i l a n 1411 a m i n o s i l a n e d e r i v a t i v e , a c h e m i c a l l y m o d i f i e d D y n a s i l a n DAMO, r e s u l t e d i n a reduced v i s c o s i t y i n c r e a s e d u r i n g i n k a g i n g . The r e s u l t i n g CAP-based i n k p r i n t p r o p e r t i e s appeared good and compared q u i t e f a v o u r a b l y w i t h t h e unmodifed amino s i l a n e d e r i v a t i v e . As w i t h t h e p o l y e t h y l e n e i m i n e adhesion p r o m o t e r , s i l a n e s c o u l d n o t b e used w i t h n i t r o c e l l u l o s e - b a s e d i n k s ; g e l a t i o n o c c u r r e d a 1most immedi a t e l y

.

SOURCE:

Eastman Chemical Co.:

F o r m u l a t i o n W44

Printing Inks

CAP/Acrylic

9

I n k f o r PVDC-Coated F i l m s

I n Europe p r o b a b l y t h e most common f i l m s p r i n t e d w i t h CAPbased i n k s a r e PVDC-coated c e l l o p h a n e o r p o l y p r o p y l e n e . A c r y l i c s a r e t h e most p o p u l a r m o d i f y i n g r e s i n s for t h e s e CAP-based i n k s because t h e y o f f e r a c o m b i n a t i o n o f e s s e n t i a l p r o p e r t i e s . The most i m p o r t a n t p r o p e r t i e s a r e l o w odour and l o w r e t a i n e d s o l v e n t , h i g h h e a t r e s i s t a n c e , t h e a b i l i t y t o be o v e r l a c q u e r e d w i t h PVDC, and e x c e l l e n t adhesion. T a b l e 2 shows a t y p i c a l f o r m u l a t i o n o f such an i n k . The a c r y l i c r e s i n and p l a s t i c i s e r i n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n may be a l t e r e d t o s u i t p r i n t i n g c o n d i t i o n s . I n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n i n T a b l e 2, t h e w h i t e base i n k c o n s i s t s o f 2 : l C A P : a c r y l i c r e s i n t o produce adequate heat r e s i s t a n c e . The p i g m e n t : b i n d e r r a t i o i s 2 : l i n o r d e r t o p r o v i d e h i d i n g . The t o p i n k c o n t a i n s 3 : l C A P : a c r y l i c r e s i n t o improve t h e heat r e s i s t a n c e as much as p o s s i b l e and t o reduce t h e odour, s i n c e a c r y l i c polymers nay c o n t a i n r e s i d u a l monomer. Table 2 CAP/Acrvlic

ink f o r PVDC-Coated F i l m s Base Ink

Raw M a t e r i a l s : CAP-482-0.5 P a r a l o i d 872 r e s i n T i o x i d e R-TC 90 t i t a n i u m d i o x i d e Dibutyl phthalate L a n c o g l i d d TD (25%) wax Crodamine OR wax 1 : l denatured ethano1:ethyl a c e t a t e

Wt% 8.6 4.3 25.8 2.0 4.5 1.5 53.3

TOP Ink

Raw M a t e r i a l s : CAP-504-0.2 Plexigum NBO r e s i n Dibutyl phthalate Pigment L a n c o g l i d d TD (25%) wax 4 : l denatured ethano1:ethyl

% &

9.0

acetate

3.0 2.0 12.0 2.3 71 . 7

Notes : *It was found t h a t i n t h o s e cases where t h e d r y i n g r a t e was t o o r a p i d t h e a d d i t i o n o f 1%-5% n - b u t y l a c e t a t e was b e n e f i -

cial. *The above f o r m u l a t i o n may a l s o be used on a c r y l i c - c o a t e d p o l y p r o p y l e n e ( e . 9 . B i c o r M6600) o r t r e a t e d p o l y e s t e r f i l m ( e . g . M e l i n e x 813). SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

10

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

CAP/Acrvlic

I n k w i t h Zirconium P r o p i o n a t e

Z i r c o n i um D e r i v a t i ves: Several z i r c o n i u m compounds a c t as adhesion promoters f o r CAP-based i n k s , p r o b a b l y by r e a c t i n g w i t h a v a i l a b l e h y d r o x y l groups on t h e CAP m o l e c u l e s i m i l a r l y t o t h e p r e v i o u s l y d e s c r i b e d t i t a n i u m d e r i v a t i v e s . Zirconium propionate e x h i b i t s t h e c o r r e c t s o l u b i l i t y , c o m p a t i b i l i t y , and r e a c t i v i t y t o be u s e f u l w i t h c e l l u l o s e a c e t a t e p r o p i o n a t e and was f o r m u l a t e d i n t o p r i n t i n g i n k s as T a b l e 8 shows. Table 8 Inaredient: CAP-482-0.5 Plexigum N742 a c r y i c r e s i n Dibutyl phthalate T i o x i d e R-TC 90 t i t a n i u m d i o x i d e Zirconium p r o p i o n a t e 1 : l i n d u s t r i a l ethano1:ethyl acetate Notes: * T h i s i n k may be o v e r p r i n t e d w i t h an u n m o d i f i e d c o l o u r e d i n k as T a b l e 2 shows. *The d r y i n g r a t e may be r e t a r d e d , i f necessary, 1%-5% n - b u t y l a c e t a t e . *CAP-504-0.2 may be s u b s t i t u t e d f o r CAP-482-0.5 c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f e t h a n o l i n t h e s o l v e n t system

8.73 4.37 1.75 26.20 1.31 57.64 CAP/acrylic by adding i f a greater i s required.

As w i t h t h e s i l a n e adhesion promoters, t h e use o f a z e r o - a c i d number a c r y l i c r e s i n was necessary t o produce t h e b e s t g l o s s , c o m p a t i b i l i t y , and s h e l f l i f e . Z i r c o n i u m propionate-based f o r m u l a t i o n s d i d n o t appear t o i n c r e a s e i n v i s c o s i t y w i t h t i m e , and u s e f u l s h e l f l i f e appeared t o be i n excess o f 12 months. The f o r m u l a t i o n s a l s o adhered s u c c e s s f u l l y on m e t a l l i s e d p r o p y l e n e f i l m . The adhesion i m p r o v i n g markedly w i t h o v e r n i g h t a g i n g .

SOURCE: Eaetman Chemical Co.:

F o r m u l a t i o n W41

Printing Inks

I1

Coalesced Joncrvl 537 Joncryl 537 is an acrylic emulsion that has been specifically designed for its alkali resistance properties. It is a hard polymer that needs to be coalesced (softened) in order to maximize its resistance and film forming properties. % bv Weiaht

Joncryl 5 3 7 Glycol Ether: Butyl Cellosolve & Ektasolve EB

95.0 5.0

Procedure: Add the coalescing solvent to the Joncryl 537 with moderate agitation. Continue agitation until homogeneous. Alkali Resistant Ink-Blue

Wt% Pigment Blue: Sun F a s t - 2 4 8 - 1 2 6 2 Joncryl 5 6 Coalesced Joncryl 537 Water Jonwax 2 6

15.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 7.0

Viscosity ( # 2 Zahn): 20 secs A1 kal i Resistant Ink-Red

Wt% Pigment Red: Sun Fast - 234-0077 Joncryl 5 6 Coalesced Joncryl 537 Water Jonwax 2 6

15.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 7.0

Viscosity ( # 2 Zahn): 22 secs Alkali Resistant Ink-Yellow Pigment Yellow: Sun Brite Joncryl 5 6 Coalesced Joncryl 537 Water Jonwax 2 6

-

Wt% 273-3556

15.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 7.0

Viscosity ( # 2 Zahn): 21 secs

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: Joncryl 56 Suggested Formulations

12

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

D i a r v l i d e Yellow Ink for Polvethvlene/Board Raw M a t e r i a1 s: Place i n t o a clean mixing vessel: L i q u a f 1ex Ye1 1ow YD-3000 S l o w l y m i x and add: C a r b o s e t GA-1324 Water n-Propyl Alcohol Michem 32535 Foamburst 338 BYK 301 F l u o r a d FC120 M i x a t medium speed f o r 15 m i n u t e s

Wt% 26.8 57.8 5.0 3.0 7.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 4 2 . 7 pH: 8 . 7 Weight p e r G a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 8 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : 94 P.E. F i l m : G l o s s , 60C: 106 C o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n (COF): 88.2 C a r o l i n a Board: G l o s s , 60C: 35 B l o c k i n g , Face-to-Face, F: 280 S l i d e Angle: 33.6 C o e f f i e n t o f F r i c t i o n (COF): 88.0 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 136 O i l R e s i s t a n t OPV

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a clean mixing vessel : Carboset GA-1324 Premix and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Water Isopropyl Alcohol Carboset GA-1931 Michem 32535 M i x a t moderate speed f o r 30 m i n u t e s . Add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g . BYK 301 FC 129 A g i t a t e a t moderate speed u n t i l t h o r o u g h l y mixed. Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 3 6 . 0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 34.3 pH: 8 . 6 Weight p e r G a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 7 V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #2, seconds: 26.0 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: 54 F o r m u l a t i o n CL-164

SOURCE:

Wt% 50.0 20.3 4.0 20.8 4.4 0.3 0.2

BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing

Inks

Extender f o r Beverage Board I n k s Components: Wt% 74.5 Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31321) ( a ) 18.7 Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31281) ( a ) 0.5 S u r f y n o l 104 PA s u r f a c t a n t ( b ) 6.0 n-Propyl a l c o h o l 0.2 A c r y s o l RM-825 a s s o c i a t i v e t h i c k e n e r ( c ) 0.1 Biocide (d) ( a ) Eastman ( b ) A i r Products ( c ) Rohm and Haas ( d ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca). F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. Add pigment c o l o r bases t o t h e e x t e n d e r t o a c h i e v e d e s i r e d shade. Cut w i t h 50/50 w a t e r / a l c o h o l t o p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y ( t y p i c a l l y 20-25 s / # 2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s c u p ) . A t p r e s s - s i d e , add more e x t e n d e r o r pigment c o l o r base as necessary t o adjust color strength. A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure S u b s t r a t e : Beverage b o a r d Features : * F a s t r u n n i n g speeds * U s e r - f r i e n d l y on p r e s s *Compatible w i t h many pigment d i s p e r s i o n s and m i 11 bases *High g l o s s SOURCE: Eastman Chemical: Eastek Standard No. 91712 Blue I n k f o r P o l v o l e f i n s Material : Place i n t o c l e a n m i x i n a - vessel: Carboset XPD-1993 Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Isopropyl Alcohol T r i o n i c 100 S u r f y n o l 104PA F1e x i v e r s e 8FD-121 Water Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 42.4 pH: 8 . 7 Weight p e r G a l l o n , pounds: 8 . 9 V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #2, 25C, seconds: P r i n t v i s c o s i t y : 25.0

Wt% 47.0 4.0 2.5 0.5 43.0 3.0

39.0

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h : F o r m u l a t i o n WL-240

13

14

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Finished I n k s Pigment d i s p e r s i o n s made f r o m J o n c r y l 67 (see page 100) p r o v i d e a good b a s i s on which t o f o r m u l a t e water based f l u i d i n k s f r o m J o n c r y l 74. Q u a l i t y Corrusated-Red

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 35 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 31 *Secs. #2 Zahn Cup

43.0 11 .o 39.0 5.0 1.5 0.5

Q u a l i t y Corruaated-Blue

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 28 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 27 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup

37.0 11 . o 42.0

5.0 4.5

0.5

Q u a l i t y Corruaated-Yellow

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 36 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 32 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup

37.0 11 .o 42.0 5.0 4.5 0.5

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymers: J o n c r y l 74 SugQested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Finished I n k s Pigment d i s p e r s i o n s made f r o m J o n c r y l 67 (see page 100) p r o v i d e a good b a s i s on which t o f o r m u l a t e water based f l u i d i n k s from J o n c r y l 74. Economy Corrugated-Red Wt% 43.0 10.0 18.5 5.0 23.0 0.5

Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 32 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 29 *Secs. #2 Zahn Cup Economy Corrugated-Blue

__ Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 29 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 28 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup

37.0 10.0 20.0 5.0 27.5

0.5

Economy Corruaated-Yellow

wyt Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 22 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 21 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymers:

37.0 10.0 21 .o 5.0 26.5 0.5

J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

15

16

PrintinR Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

F l n i shed Inks Pigment d i s p e r s i o n s made from J o n c r y l 67 (see page 100) p r o v i d e a good b a s i s on which t o f o r m u l a t e water based f l u i d i n k s from J o n c r y l 74. F o i l . Film. Metallized,

& Tissue-Red

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

43.0

51.5 5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 39 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 33 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup F o i l , F i l m , M e t a l l i z e d . & Tissue-Blue

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

36.0

53.5 5.0 5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 28 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 27 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup F o i l , F i l m , M e t a l l i z e d . & Tissue-Yellow

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 740

37.0

51.5 5.0 6.0

0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 29 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 26 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymers: J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

F i n i s h e d Inks Pigment d i s p e r s i o n s made f r o m J o n c r y l 67 (see page 100) p r o v i d e a good b a s i s on which t o f o r m u l a t e water based f l u i d i n k s from J o n c r y l 74. Tag & Label-Red Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 Water Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 40 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 30 *Sees, #2 Zahn Cup

Wt% 43.0 22.0 27.0 5.0

2.5 0.5

Tag 8 Label-Blue Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 J o n c r y l 26 Water Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 29 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 28 *Sees. #2 Zahn Cup

Wt% 37.0 23.5 30.0 5.0 4.0 0.5

Tag & Label-Yellow Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 43 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 33 *Secs, #2 Zahn Cup

Wt% 37.0 23.0

29.5 5.0 5.0 0.5

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 74 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

17

18

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

F1exoaraphi c I n k s The f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a t i o n s a r e recommended as a s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r f l e x o g r a p h i c i n k s t o be used i n s u r f a c e p r i n t i n g o f t r e a t e d p o l y e t h y l e n e . M o d i f i c a t i o n may be necessary f o r i n d i v i d u a l applications. N i t r o c e l 1u l o s e Modi f i c a t i on-HM I n k

Wt% Day-Glo HM S o l u b l e Toner 1 / 4 Sec. SS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e (70% d r y b a s i s i n E t h a n o l ) Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E Pol ymi s t A-1 2

35.0 10.8 41 .O 10.2 1.o 1.o 1. o

N i t r o c e l l u l o s e Modi f ication-HMS I n k

Wt% Day-Glo HMS S o l u b l e Toner 1 / 4 Sec. SS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e (70% d r y b a s i s i n E t h a n o l ) Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12

35.0 10.8 38.4 12.8 1. o 1.o 1 .o

Water-Based F l e x o I n k

Wt% Day-Glo EPX D i s p e r s i o n 75.4 ( a d j u s t pH t o 7.5 t o 8 . 0 b e f o r e a d d i n g o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s ) R h e o l a t e 101 ( T h i c k e n e r ) 0.4 ( d i s p e r s e i n g r e d i e n t s , a t h i g h speed, b e f o r e addi ng ammonia) Ammon ia 0.8 10.0 G-Cry1 250 ( A c r y l ic B i n d e r ) 10.0 Lucidene 602 ( A c r y l i c B i n d e r ) I. 4 Tamol 731 ( S u r f a c t a n t ) L i q u i t r o n 251 (Wax D i s p e r s i o n ) 2.0 Defoamer, B i o c i d e As Needed

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

F1exogr aDh ic Inks The f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a t i o n s a r e recommended as a s t a r t i n g p o i n t f o r f l e x o g r a p h i c i n k s t o be used i n s u r f a c e p r i n t i n g o f t r e a t e d p o l y e t h y l e n e . M o d i f i c a t i o n may be necessary f o r individual applications. Propionate Modification-HM I n k

Wt% 35.0 8.0 2.0 41 . 6 10.4 1.o 1.o 1.o

Day-Glo HM S o l u b l e Toner C e l l u l o s e A c e t a t e P r o p i o n a t e (CAP-504-0.2) Krumbhaar Resin K-1717-8 Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E Pol ymi s t A-1 2 P r o p i o n a t e Modification-HMS

Ink

Wt% Day-Glo HMS S o l u b l e Toner C e l l u l o s e A c e t a t e P r o p i o n a t e (CAP-504-0.2) Krumbhaar Resin K-1717-8 Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12

35.0

8.0 2.0 39.0 13.0 1.o 1. o 1 .o

1-Type Gravure I n k

Wt% Day-Glo T- o r GT-Pigment P a r l o n S-20 To1 uene Paraplex G-60 S-395-N5 Wax

SOURCE:

Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

40.0 11 . o 42.0 5.0 2.0 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

19

20

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Flexo I n k P r o p i o n a t e Modi f i c a t i o n - H M I n k

Wt% 35.0

Day-Glo HM S o l u b l e Toner C e l l u l o s e A c e t a t e P r o p i o n a t e (CAP-504-0.2) Krumbhaar Resin K-1717-B Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12 P r o p i o n a t e Modification-HMS

8.0 2.0 41.6 10.4 1 .o 1.o

1 .o

Ink

Wt% 35.0 8.0

Day-Glo HMS S o l u b l e Toner C e l l u l o s e A c e t a t e P r o p i o n a t e (CAP-504-0.2) Krumbhaar Resin K-1717-8 Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12

2.0

39.0 13.0 1.o 1.o 1.o

N i t r o c e l l u l o s e Modification-HM I n k

Wt% Day-Glo HM S o l u b l e Toner 1/4 Sec. SS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e (70% d r y b a s i s i n E t h a n o l ) Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l #-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12 N i t r o c e l l u l o s e Modification-HMS

35.0 10.8 41 . O 10.2

1 .o 1 .o 1.o

Ink

y& Day-Glo HMS S o l u b l e Toner 1/4 Sec. SS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e (70% d r y b a s i s i n E t h a n o l ) Anhydrous E t h y l A l c o h o l N-Propyl A c e t a t e S a n t i c i z e r 141 Kemamide E P o l y m i s t A-12 SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

35.0 10.8

38.4 12.8

1 .o I .o 1. o

Printing Inks

21

f o r m u l a t i o n G u i d e l i n e s f o r CAP i n L i q u i d I n k s T a b l e 3 shows t h e r e s i n s and p l a s t i s e r s e v a l u a t e d i n t h e f o r m u l a t i o n . The a c r y l i c r e s i n i s added t o improve adhesion o f t h e i n k t o t h e s u b s t r a t e and adhesion o f t h e PVDC o v e r p r i n t t o t h e i n k . The CAP p r o v i d e s f a s t d r y i n g , heat r e s i s t a n c e , and low odour; t h e p l a s t i c i s e r . a p a r t from i m p r o v i n g f l e x i b i l i t y , i s added t o reduce f i l m c u r l , which t a k e s p l a c e when t h e s o l v e n t evaporates. The tendency t o c u r l occurs when t h e i n k f i l m s h r i n k s d u r i n g s o l v e n t e v a p o r a t i o n . Although adding p l a s t i c i s e r p r e v e n t s i t , t h e i n k f o r m u l a t o r must be c a r e f u l w i t h t h e amount o f p l a s t i c i s e r used. Too much p l a s t i c i s e r w i l l r e s u l t i n much-diminished h e a t r e s i s t a n c e and w i l l a l s o reduce adhesion i n c e r t a i n cases. Table 3 M o d i f y i n a Resins and P l a s t i c i s e r s f o r CAP-Based I n k s on I n k s on PVDC-Coated F i l m s Resi ns : P a r a l o i d 072 a c r y l i c r e s i n Plexigum N80 a c r y l i c r e s i n Plexigum N742 a c r y l i c r e s i n N e o c r y l 8814 a c r y l i c r e s i n N e o c r y l 8722 a c r y l i c r e s i n

Plasticisers DOP DIOP DBP DMEP

The t o p i n k i n Table 2 c o n t a i n s CAP-504-0.2 i n a 4:l a l c o h o l : e s t e r s o l v e n t system, w h i l e t h e base i n k uses CAP-482-0.5 i n a 1 : l a l c o h o l - e s t e r system. The reason f o r t h i s was t w o f o l d : *CAP-504-0.2 can produce improved pigment d i s p e r s i o n s over CAP-482-0.5, so i t s use w i t h expensive c o l o u r e d pigments i s sometimes an advantage. *The l e s s a g g r e s s i v e s o l v e n t b l e n d o f t h e t o p i n k w i l l r e s u l t i n l e s s r e d i s s o l v i n g o f t h e base i n k , which may l e a d t o improved g l o s s . However, i t i s p e r f e c t l y s a t i s f a c t o r y t o p r i n t w i t h e i t h e r t h e same CAP grade i n b o t h top and base i n k s o r t o use them t h e o p p o s i t e wau round t o t h a t shown i n t h e Table 2. SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

22

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

G l o s s Tag & L a b e l I n k - B l u e

Wt% 35.0 31.5 25.0 5.0

Dispersion A J o n c r y l 89 J o n c r y l 77 Jonwax 22 A n t i foam: Bubble B r e a k e r 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 33 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 28

0.5 3.0 26

G l o s s Taq & Label I n k - Y e l l o w

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 89 J o n c r y l 77 Jonwax 22 A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a1 V i s c o s i t y * , secs: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 32 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 25

35.0 30.8 24.7 5.0

0.5 4.0 25

G l o s s Taq & L a b e l Ink-&

y& Dispersion C J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 77 Jonwax 22 A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748 pH: 8 . 6 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 36 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 27 *#2 Zahn cup,

40.0 30.3 24.2 5.0

0.5 23

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Glossy B l a c k C o r r u g a t e d I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l : Carboset G A - I 387 Huber 35 DM Water Monoethanolamine Foamburst 338 P r i n t e x 35 check g r i n d B a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s

-

W B

65.2 7.5 11.6 0.5 0.2 15.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 38.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 2 8 . 0 pHi 8 . 9 Weight p e r g a l l o n , l b s . : 9 . 7 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 25 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 1/1 F o r m u l a t i o n WI 152 O v e r p r i n t V a r n i s h f o r Wet L i t h o I n k

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Carboset XPD-1993

52.5

Add w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset XPD-1931 DOSS OT-75 Isopropanol B e n z o f l e x 50 Propylene G l y c o l Water

21 .E 2.2 1.7 1.7 2.6 17.5

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 36 pH: 8 . 7 P r i n t V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #3, seconds: 25 % Water Added: 20.0 R o l l o u t w i t h 1 8 0 - l i n e hand p r o o f e r o v e r double bump o f l i t h o i n k a p p l i e d w i t h quick-peek p r o o f e r . M e t a l 1 ized p a p e r : 72 SBS b o a r d : 5 4 F o r m u l a t i o n CL-231

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Polymers: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

23

24

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

G o l d M e t a l l i c f o r Paper and Board Components: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n ( 3 1 3 2 1 ) ( a ) J o n c r y l 1535 a c r y l i c emulsion ( b ) N735A n o n l e a f ing a1 umi num p a s t e ( c ) C . I . Y e l l o w 74 pigment d i s p e r s i o n F l e x o n y l Rubine A-F6B ( C . I . Red 184) ( d ) Defoamer ( e ) Biocide ( f )

Wt% 54.2 15.0 20.0 9.0 1.5 0.2 0.1

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Eastman S . C . Johnson U . S . Aluminum Hoechst-Celanese Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow C o r n i n g ) ; S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r P r o d u c t s ) ; Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; and Mazu DF 327C (PPG). ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV ( C a l g o n ) ; and P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca)

.

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1 . Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. C a u t i o n : E x c e s s i v e o f f - g a s s i n g may r e s u l t i f t o t a l a l c o h o l l e v e l exceeds about 7 w t %. See Eastman P u b l i c a t i o n SPI-5 f o r a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n r e g a r d i n g t h e s a f e s t o r a g e and h a n d l i n g o f metallic inks. 3 . T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 25-30 sec/#2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s cup. I f necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h water. Application: Substrates:

Gravure Paper SBS b o a r d Beverage b o a r d

Features: M e t a l l i c appearance Adhesion t o s u b s t r a t e F a s t r u n n i n g speeds

* * *

SOURCE:

Eastman Chemical Co.:

Eastek Standard No. 90708

Printing Inks

25

Gravure I n k f o r G i f t Wrap Components: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31321) ( a ) Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31281) ( a ) n-Propyl a l c o h o l Pigment d i s p e r s i ons ( b ) S u r f y n o l 104 PA s u r f a c t a n t ( e ) Defoamer ( d ) Biocide (e)

Wt% 39.2 15.3 4.0 40.0 0.5 0.1 0.1

( a ) Eastman ( b ) Combinations o f Eastek polymer m i l l b a s e s and/or o t h e r suggested p i gment d i s p e r s i o n s t o achi eve d e s i r e d c o l o r matches. See Eastman P u b l i c a t i o n SPI-33. (e) A i r Products ( d ) Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow Corning); S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r P r o d u c t s ) ; Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; Mazu DF 327C (PPG)

.

( e ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l 8D (Zeneca). F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 20-25 sec/#2 S h e l l cup. If necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y ; t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n may be c u t w i t h water o r w i t h a 80/20 b l e n d o f w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a l c o h o l . Application:

Gravure

Substrates: G i f t wrap C i g a r e t t e 1abel s Other c o a t e d papers Features : *Fast r u n n i n g speeds *User-friendly *NO pH a d j u s t m e n t s needed

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Products: Eastek Standard No. 91477

26

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Green P o l v e t h v l e n e I n k W S

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g v e s s e l : Carboset GA-1339

55.0

Premix and add w i t h a g i t a t i o n : Water Isopropyl Alcohol Dowanol DB BYK 321

10.3 5.0 4.0 0.5

W i t h moderate a g i t a t i o n add: FC 129 CL 159 ( s e e below) F1e x i v e r s e Green M i x f o r 10 m i n u t e s a t slow speed.

0.2 5.0 20.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 45.8 pH: 8 . 7 V i s c o s i t y , Zahn #2, 25C, seconds: 26 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 201 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax D i s p e r s i o n Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : Carboset GA-1166 Add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g a t h i g h speed. Water Normal P r o p y l A l c o h o l Foamburst 157 Shamrock Neptune N-1 C o n t i n u e m i x i n g 30 m i n u t e s .

Wt% 65.0 4.5 5.0 0.5 25.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 46.0 F o r m u l a t i o n CL 159 SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboaet F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

27

H i qh Gloss Foi 1 Ink-B1 ue

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 7 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 28 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 25

35.0 53.0 5.0 0.5 6.5 25

H i g h Gloss Foil I n k - Y e l l o w

K% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 7 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 26 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 25

35.0

53.0 5.0 0.5

6.5 25

H i s h Gloss F o i l Ink-Red

K% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 8 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 34 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 27 *#2 Zahn cup,

40.0 52.0

5.0 0.5 2.5 25

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

28

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

H i g h G l o s s Wide Web Gravure I n k - B l u e

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 J o n c r y l 58 Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 5 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 39 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 34

35.0 42.5 5.0

10.0 0.5 7.0 27

H i a h G l o s s Wide Web Gravure I n k - Y e l l o w

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 J o n c r y l 58 A n t i foam: Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 5 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 38 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 32

35.0 42.5 5.0

10.0 0.5 7.0 27

H i a h G l o s s Wide Web Gravure Ink-Red

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 J o n c r y l 58 Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 6 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 53 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 40 *#2 Zahn cup,

40.0 42.0

5.0 10.0 0.5 2.5 27

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing

Inks

H i g h Q u a l i t y Corrugated I n k - B l u e

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i foam: Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 28 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 27

37.0 11 . o 42.0 5.0 0.5 4.5 25

H i a h Q u a l i t y Corruaated I n k - Y e l l o w

Wt% 37.0 11 .o 42.0 5.0 0.5 4.5

Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 36 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 32

26

H i a h Q u a l i t y Corruaated Ink-Red

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water

43.0 11 . o 39.0 5.0 0.5 1.5

pH: 8 . 6 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs: 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 35 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 31 *#2 Zahn cup,

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

29

30

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulatwm

High Solids,

Low Tack S h e e t f e d O f f s e t I n k

Wt% Day-Glo I n v i s i b l e B l u e MT-6172-IB AVO-797 #7 I s o p h t h a l i c A l k y d CC-5071 100% S o l i d s PTFE/PE S h e e t f e d Compound Day-Glo V e l e x Tack Reducer TR-052 6% Cerium O c t o a t e D r i e r

48.0 34.0 8.0 8.0 2.0

Tack=12.6 @ 1200 RPM/SOF 10 M i n . Tack R i s e = 3 . 0 @ 1200 RPM/SOF Web O f f s e t H e a t s e t I n k

Wt% Day-Glo I n v i s i b l e B l u e MT-6172-IB 48.0 Ecogel H Heavy Gel, Low Energy H e a t s e t Web-Offset V e h i c l e 36.0 CC-6273D Deodorized H i g h S o l i d s PTFE/Wax 8.0 Magiesol 47 O i 1 6.0 Kodaf 1ex TXIB 2.0 Tack=10.8 @ 1200 RPM/SOF 10 M i n . Tack R i s e = l l .O @ 1200 RPM/SOF Fluorescent B l u e Sheetfed O f f s e t Ink

Wt% Day-Glo I n v i s i b l e B l u e MT-6172-18 70-MM-2230 Green Shade P h t h a l o B l u e F l u s h TTDIA P o l y m e r i z e d Tung O i l CC-5071 100% S o l i d s PTFE/PE S h e e t f e d Compound 6% Cerium O c t o a t e D r i e r 6% Manganese L i n - A l l P I D r i e r 6% C o b a l t L i n - A l l P I D r i e r

56.0 24.0 11.0 8.0

0.4 0.4 0.2

Tack=13.0 @ 1200 RPM/SOF 10 M i n . Tack R i s e = 4 . 2 @ 1200 RPM/SOF When f o r m u l a t i n g i n v i s i b l e b l u e i n k s , raw m a t e r i a l s such v a r n i s h e s and wax compounds s h o u l d be s e l e c t e d f o r t h e l i g h p o s s i b l e c o l o r and f o r n o n - y e l l o w i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s so t h e f i l m w i l l n o t y e l l o w o r d a r k e n . Cerium d r i e r i s recommended t h e l e a s t amount o f c o l o r change.

SOURCE:

Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

as est ink for

Printing Inks

31

I n k Compati b i 1 it y C h a r t Ink-Phthalo Blue P h t h a l o B l u e D i s p e r s i o n : F l e x i v e r s e BFD 1121 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Water

40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 45 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 45 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 50 pH: 8 . 3 I n k - P h t h a l o B~. l u.e Phthalo Blue Dispersion: J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Isopropyl Alcohol

F l e x i v e r s e BFD 1121

we5

40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1 it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , cps: 55 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 90 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 105 pH: 8 . 3 Ink-Phthalo Blue P h t h a l o B l u e D i s p e r s i o n : F l e x i v e r s e BFD 1121 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Normal P r o p y l A l c o h o l

wt%

40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1it y D a t a : I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 65 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 120 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 130 PH: 8 . 3 SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymers: J o n c r y l 2660 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

32

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Ink C o m p a t i b i l i t y Chart (Continued] Ink-Carbon B l a c k M a t e r i a1 s: Carbon B l a c k D i s p e r s i o n : C D I B l a c k BS14950 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Water

Wt% 40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1 it y D a t a : I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 150 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 160 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 155 pH: 8 . 3 Ink-Carbon B l a c k M a t e r i a1 s : Carbon B l a c k D i s p e r s i o n : C D I B l a c k BS14950 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Isopropyl Alcohol

_W_t % 40.0 45.0 10.0

5.0

S t a b i 1 it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 190 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 225 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 260 pH: 8 . 3 Ink-Carbon

Black

Mater ia1 s : Carbon B l a c k D i s p e r s i o n : C D I B l a c k BS14950 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Normal P r o p y l A l c o h o l

Wt% 40.0 45.0 10.0

5.0

S t a b i 1it y D a t a : I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 190 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 290 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 450 pH: 0 . 3 SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymers: J o n c r y l 2660 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

33

I n k C o m p a t i b i l i t y C h a r t (Continued) I n k - L i t h o 1 Rubine M a t e r i a1 s : L i t h o 1 Rubine D i s p e r s i o n : Drew L i q u i f l e x RD5200 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Water

Wt% 40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1 it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 45 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 45 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 55 PH: 8 . 3 I n k - C i t h o l Rubi ne Materials: L i t h o l Rubi ne D i s p e r s i on : Drew L i q u i f 1ex RD5200 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Isopropyl Alcohol

Wt% 40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 100 24 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 270 One Week V i s c o s i t y , cps: 450 pH: 8 . 3 .I n k - L i

t. h_ o l Rubi ne

M a t e r i a1 s : L i t h o l Rubi ne D i s p e r s i on : Drew L i q u i f 1ex RD5200 J o n c r y l 2660 Jonwax 26 Normal P r o p y l A l c o h o l

yy&! 40.0 45.0 10.0 5.0

S t a b i 1 it y Data: I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 140 2 4 Hour V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 360 One Week V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 690 pH: 8 . 3

SOURCE:

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 2660 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

34

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

I n k Formul a t i on-B1 a c k Pigment D i s p e r s i on : J o n c r y l 60 Pigment: Carbon B l a c k E l f t e x 5 Water Letdown : Water Anti-Foam:

Bubble B r e a k e r 748

SCX-660

Wt% 8.56 12.00 19.44 19.75 0.25 40.00

Performance D a t a o f I n k s : p H : 8.3

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , seconds, Zahn cup #2: 24 One Week V i s c o s i t y , sec. Zahn cup #2: 24 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F : 425-450 60 G l o s s : 22-36 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 100 Performance D a t a o f OPV A p p l i e d on Above I n k s : S t a t i c S l i d e A n g l e : 20-33 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F: 450-500 60 G l o s s : 35-46 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 200 In

k Formul a t i o n - Y e 1 low

P i gment D i s p e r s i on: wts/, J o n c r y l 60 11.68 P i gment : O i a r y l ide Ye1 1ow, S u n b r i t e Ye1 l o w 12, #273-3556 14.00 Water 14.32 Letdown : Water Anti-foam:

B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748

SCX-660

19.75 0.25 40.00

Performance D a t a o f I n k s : p H : 8.3

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , seconds, Zahn cup #2: 23 One Week V i s c o s i t y , s e c . Zahn cup #2: 24 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F : 450-475 60 G l o s s : 14-22 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 1 0 0 Performance D a t a o f OPV A p p l i e d on Above I n k s : S t a t i c S l i d e A n g l e : 16-30 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F : 450-500 60 G l o s s : 35-42 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 200

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: SCX-660 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

I n k F o r m u l a t i on-I31 u e

Wt%

Pigment D i s p e r s i on: J o n c r y l 60 Pigment: S u n f a s t B l u e 1 5 : 3 (Green shade) #249-1282 Water

11.68 14.00 14.32

Letdown : Water Anti-foam: SCX-660

19.75 0.25 40.00

B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748

Performance D a t a o f I n k s : pH: 8 . 3 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , seconds, Zahn cup #2: 21 One Week V i s c o s i t y , s e c . Zahn cup #2: 23 Hot Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F : 400-450 60 G l o s s : 20-30 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 100 Performance D a t a o f OPV A p p l i e d on Above I n k s : S t a t i c S l i d e A n g l e : 20-32 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F: 450-500 60 G l o s s : 35-42 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 200

Ink Formulation-Red Pigment D i s p e r s i o n : J o n c r y l 60 Pigment: C a l c i u m Red 28, Water Letdown : Water Anti-foam: SCX-660

Wt% S u n b r i t e Red 48:2,

#234-0077

8.56 12.00 19.44 19.75 0.25 40.00

B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748

Performance D a t a o f I n k s : pH: 8 . 3 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y , seconds, Zahn cup #2: 20 One Week V i s c o s i t y , s e c . Zahn Cup #2: 30 H o t Mar R e s i s t a n c e , F: 450-475 60 G l o s s : 21-33 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 100 Performance D a t a o f OPV A p p l i e d on Above I n k s : S t a t i c S l i d e A n g l e : 22-30 H o t M a r R e s i s t a n c e , F: 450-500 60 G l o s s : 35-43 S u t h e r l a n d D r y Rub R e s i s t a n c e , C y c l e s : 200

SOURCE:

SCJohnson Polymer: SCX-660

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

35

36

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Low Cost C o r r u s a t e d I n k - B l u e

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 647 Jonwax 22 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 3 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 27 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 23

35.0 20.6 5.0 0.2 39.2 23

Low Cost C o r r u a a t e d I n k - Y e l l o w

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 647 Jonwax 22 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 3 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 20 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 19

35.0 20.5 5.0 0.2 39.3 23

Low Cost C o r r u q a t e d Ink-Red

Wt% 40.0 20.5 5.0 0.2 34.3

Dispersion C J o n c r y l 647 Jonwax 22 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 3 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 30 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 24 *#2

Zahn cup,

23

25C

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Low Energy Web-Offset

Heatset Ink

A suggested s t a r t i n g f o r m u l a t i o n f o r a low energy w e b - o f f s e t h e a t s e t i n k u s i n g S t a r f i r e Base c o l o r i s as f o l l o w s :

Wt% Day-Glo S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r Low Energy H e a t s e t V a r n i s h S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax SST-3 PTFE Powder Magiesol 47 I n k O i l

70.0 23.0 2.0 1 .o 4.0

Tack=lO.O @ 1200 RPM, 9OF Sheetfed I n k

wt% Day-Glo S t a r f i r e F r e s h C o l o r Base Matte Vehicle S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 I n k O i l 6% Cerium O c t o a t e D r i e r Dri-RX Drier Tack=14-16 @ 1200 RPM,

80.0 14.0

2.0 2.4 1.o 0.6

9OF Web O f f s e t I n k

Day-Glo S t a r f i r e F r e s h C o l o r Base Low Energy H e a t s e t V a r n i s h S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax SST-3 PTFE Powder Magiesol 47 I n k O i l

Q 70.0 23.0 2.0 1 .o 4.0

Tack=14-16 @ 1200 RPM, 9OF Web O f f s e t H e a t s e t I n k

Wt% Day-Glo S p e c i a l Thermoset Base Ecogel H, Heavy Gel, Low Energy H e a t s e t Web O f f s e t Vehi c l e CC-6273D, Deodorized H i g h S o l i d s PTFE/Wax H e a t s e t Compound Magiesol 52 O i l Magiesol 47 O i l Tack=10.8 @ 1200 RPM, 9 O F 10 M i n . Tack R i s e = 10.0 @ 1200 RPM, 9OF

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.: Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

70.0 14.0 6.0 8.0 2.0

37

38

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

N e u t r a l i z a t i o n Formulas J o n c r y l 142 i s s u p p l i e d i n t h e a c i d i c form and must be n e u t r a l i z e d and d i l u t e d b e f o r e subsequent use i n i n k f o r m u l a t i o n s . F o l l o w i n g a r e t y p i c a l f o r m u l a s f o r n e u t r a l iz i n g J o n c r y l 142: J o n c r y l 91 % & 32.9 3.6 63.5

Water Ammonium Hydroxide, 28% J o n c r y l 142 pH: 7.7 V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 6,500 % Polymer S o l i d s : 25.0%

Joncryl 85

Wt% Water Ammonium Hydroxide, 28% I s o p r o p y l Alcohol (IPA) J o n c r y l 142 pH: 6 . 9 V i s c o s i t y , cps : 30,000 % Polymer S o l i d s : 30.0%

18.0 1.8

5.0 75.2

Wt% Water Sodi um Hydroxi de, 25% J o n c r y l 142 pH: 8 . 5 V i s c o s i t y , c p s : 2,200 % Polymer S o l i d s : 27.0%

28.4 8.8 62.8

Water Monoethanolamine (MEA) J o n c r y l 142 pH: 8 . 6 V i s c o s i t y , cps: 2,500 % Polymer S o l i d s : 25.4%

34.5 3.0 62.5

Wt%

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 142 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

39

News F l e x o V e h i c l e "H" Physical Properties: Aspect: T r a n s p a r e n t S o l u t i o n pH: 7 . 6 - 8 . 1 N o n - V o l a t i l e : 28-30% V i s c o s i t y : 200-400 cps A c i d Value: 175 M u l t i - C o l o r News F l e x o V e h i c l e S t a r t i n g P o i n t Formulations Red Rubine

Wt% Vehicle H Pigment (Presscake, Water Defoamer

28 51 20 1

40%)

Yellow D i a r y l i d e

Wt% Vehicle H Pigment (Presscake, Water Defoamer

34 47 18 1

40%)

Blue Phthalo Blue

Wt% Vehicle H Pigment (Presscake, Water Defoamer

34 47 18

40%)

Note: The i n k s s h o u l d be r u n a t 15-18 seconds,

1 cup S h e l l #2

News F l e x o V e h i c l e "F" News F l e x o V e h i c l e f o r Water-Based B l a c k Inks S t a r t i n g P o i n t Formulation

Wt% 18

Vehicle F Vulkan K Water Defoamer

SOURCE: SCJohnson Po ymer: News F l e x o Vehic e "H"/News V e h i c l e "F" : Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

22 59 1 Flexo

40

Printing

Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Phthalo G/S Corruqated I n k Raw M a t e r ia1 s : S l o w l y Premix t h e f o l l o w i n g : S u n f a s t B l u e , 449-5050 Carboset GA-1387 Huber 35 DM Water Monoethanolamine Foamburst 338 P l a c e i n t o a c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s

& y

-

24.0 65.2 7.5 2.6 0.5 0.2 check g r i n d

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 35.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 26.0 pH: 9 . 0 Weight p e r g a l l o n , l b s . : 9 . 4 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 15 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 1/1.25 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 147 Barium L i t h o 1 Corrugated I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : S l o w l y Premix t h e f o l l o w i n g : R49-HP-1210 Carboset GA-1387 Huber 35 DM Water Monoethanol ami ne Foamburst 338 P l a c e i n t o a c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s

% &

-

24.0 65.2 7.5 2.6 0.5 0.2 check g r i n d

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 38.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 3 1 . 0 pHi 8.3 Weight p e r g a l l o n , l b s . : 9 . 2 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 30 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 1 / 1 . 2 5 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 148 SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals:

Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing

Inks

41

P r e / P o s t - M e t a l l i z a t i o n P r i m e r f o r PaDer

Wt% CornDonants: Eastek 1200 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31126) ( a ) 71.8 Eastek 1300 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31281) ( a ) 8.0 n-Propyl a l c o h o l 2.0 Dei o n i zed water 17.8 0.3 S u r f y n o l 104 PA s u r f a c t a n t ( b ) Biocide (c) 0.1 ( a ) Eastman (b) A i r Products ( c ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e s Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca). F o r m u l a t i o n Notea: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 17-20 sec/#2 Zahn E2 s e r i e s CUD. I f necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y o f t h i s formu a t i o n , i t can' be c u t w i t h an 80/20 b l e n d o f w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a coho1 . A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure S u b s t r a t e : Coated paper Features : * R e s i s t s ami ne-contai n i ng l a b e l adhesives *Promotes g l o s s y m e t a l l i z e d s u r f a c e s * E x c e l l e n t adhesion t o vacuum-metallized l a y e r *Provides a r e c e p t i v e surface f o r p o s t - m e t a l l i a t i o n p r i n t i n g SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.: Eastek Standard No. 01482 B l u e Ink

Wt% Materials: 47.0 GA-2136 Add under moderate a g i t a t i o n 43.0 F l e x i v e r s e B l u e BFD-1121 5.0 Michem 39235 5.0 Water F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, i n i t i a l , seconds: 33 pH: 8 . 8 Water added t o g e t p r i n t v i s c o s i t y : 4% P r i n t v i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, seconds: 25 Def oami na : t h e low VOC n a t u r e o f Carboset GA-2136 foaming i s Due o c c a s i o n a l l y o b j e c t i o n a b l e . E f f e c t i v e defoamers a r e : Foamblast 370 (Ross Chemical) Foamblast 327 (Ross Chemical) DeeFo PI-35 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) Byk 023* (Byk Chemie) *Contains s i 1icone

to

SOURCE: 0F Goodrich: F o r m u l a t i o n WI-258

42

Printing Ink and Overprinf Varnish Formulations

Red f o r P o l y e t h y l e n e

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : F l e x i v e r s e , Red RFD-1133

22.0

W i t h moderate a g i t a t i o n , s l o w l y add: Carboset GA-1086 60.0 DM Water 5.8 n- But a n o l 2.0 n-Propanol 10.0 FC-120 0.2 Mix w i t h moderate a g i t a t i o n f o r 30 m i n u t e s o r u n t i l t h o r o u g h l y m i xed. Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 40.1 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 37.9 pH: 8 . 5 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, cps: Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8 . 6 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 1446

115

H i a h G l o s s Water I n k f o r Paper and Paper Board

Wt%

Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n mixer: L i q u a F l e x P r e d i spersed Pigment

30.0

Mix and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Carboset GA-1087

50.0

Premix and add s l o w l y w h i l e m i x i n g : Water B u t y l C e l l os01 ve BYK 301

7.9 4.0 0.1

Mix a t l o w speed f o r 15 m i n u t e s . Continue m i x i n g and add s l o w l y : Michem Lube 46025 8.0 Mix a t medium speed f o r 1 5 m i n u t e s . A d j u s t v i s c o s i t y w i t h w a t e r . I f a l c o h o l i s needed, add s l o w l y under a g i t a t i o n . F o r m u l a t i o n W I 105

SOURCE:

BF Goodrich S p e c i a l t y Chemicals: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Screen P r i n t i n g I n k V e h i c l e f o r General Purpose F l u o r e s c e n t Screen I n k % &

Aromat c S o l v e n t SC-100 o r Super H i g h F l a s h Naphtha EHEC H gh Bentone G e l : Bentone 38 7% sc- 100 90% 95% Methanol 3% Made on h i g h speed d i s s o l v e r

........................................................

A h a r d r e s i n such as Amberol M-82 o r P e n t a l y n G

360 M i n e r a l S p i r i t s A b i t o l 9OX (Can be r e p l a c e d i n p a r t by Castung 403-UV)

30.0 6.0

4.0 16.0 34.0 10.0

D i s s o l v e r e s i n s i n t h e a r o m a t i c s o l v e n t u s i n g a d i s s o l v e r such as a Cowles and b l e n d i n o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s i n o r d e r l i s t e d . S t r a i n t h r o u g h n y l o n f i l t e r bags. Above v e h i c l e Day-G1 o A - P i gment A r o m a t i c S o l v e n t SC-100

60.0 35.0 5.0

Blend pigment i n t o v e h i c l e u s i n g h i g h speed d i s s o l v e r such as a Cowles and add s o l v e n t . S t r a i n c o l o r t h r o u g h n y l o n f i l t e r bags. F i n a l v i s c o s i t y s h o u l d be about 10,000 cps. D i l u t i o n t o s c r e e n i n g v i s c o s i t y and wash can be done w i t h m i n e r a l s p i r i t s . A Type Gravure I n k

( H i g h Speed M i x )

Wt% A c r y l o i d NAD-10 Day-Glo A- o r AX-Pigment To1uene T h i n w i t h Heptane

30.0 50.0 5.0 15.0

C Type Gravure I n k

Wt% Day-Glo GT- o t T-Pigment RS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e 30-35 Sec. Hercolyn D S-395-N5 Wax Isopropyl Acetate To1 uene

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

(70% i n T o l u o l )

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

40.0 11 . o 5.0 2.0 21 . o 21 . o

43

44

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Semi-Permanent

Marker Ink

Wt% Day-Glo EPX D i s p e r s i o n ( a d j u s t pH t o 7.5 t o 8.0 b e f o r e a d d i n g o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s ) Propylene Glycol Water A c r y l i c 6 i nder

50 20 20 10

Textile Ink

Wt% Water Day-Glo EPX D i s p e r s i o n ( a d j u s t pH t o 7 . 5 t o 8 . 0 b e f o r e adding o t h e r i n g r e d i e n t s ) Rhoplex E-32 ( A c r y l i c B i n d e r ) H i F a s t 06-59282 ( C a r r i e r )

68 12 12 8

Gravure Ink-A Type

K % 30.0 50.0 5.0 15.0

A c r y l o i d NAD-10 Day-G1 o AX-Pi gment To1 uene T h i n w i t h Heptane Gravure Ink-C Type

Wt% Day-Glo GT- o r T-Pigment RS N i t r o c e l l u l o s e 30-35 Sec. Hercolyn D S-395-N5 Wax Isopropyl Acetate To1 uene

(70% i n T o l u o l )

40.0 11 .o 5.0 2.0 21 .o 21 . o

Gravure I n k - T Type

Wt% 40.0 11 . o 42.0 5.0 2.0

Day-Glo T- o r GT-Pigment P a r l o n S-20 To1 uene P a r a p l e x G-60 S-395-N5 Wax

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

45

Sheetfed O f f s e t 1. For maximum f u l l f l u o r e s c e n t e f f e c t s when p r i n t i n g p r i m a r y s o l i d colors:

yf& S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r Day-Glo M a t t e F l s . V e h i c l e , S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 I n k O i l 6% Cerium O c t o a t e D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r 6% Manganese D r i e r

V e l e x MFV-2080

80.0 14.0 2.0 1. o 1. o 1. o 1. o

Tack=14-16 @ 1200 RPM, 9 O F 2. For l o n g p r i n t i n g r u n s on a wide v a r i e t y o f c o a t e d and uncoated paper s t o c k , where maximum p r e s s s t a b i l i t y , w a t e r r e s i s t a n c e and sharp h a l f t o n e s a r e o f p r i m a r y concern:

Wt% S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r Day-Glo Gloss Q u i c k s e t V e h i c l e , S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 I n k O i l 6% Cerium D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r 6% Manganese D r i e r Tack=14-16 @ 1200 RPM,

Velex GQV-2030

70.0 20.0 2.0 5.0 1. o 1 .o

1.o

9OF

3. An economical rhodamine replacement f o r s t r o n g , c o l o r s and process p r i n t i n g :

clean spot

Wt% S t a r f i r e SFB-22 S t r o n g Magenta L i t h o 1 Rubi ne F1ush, 45-MM-2247 Day-Glo Gloss Q u i c k s e t V e h i c l e , Vel ex GQV-2030 S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 o r Magi e s o l 60 O i 1 6% Cerium D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r 6% Manganese D r i e r

30.0 30.0 29.0 2.0 5.0 1.o 1. o 1.o

Tack=16-17 @ 1200 RPM, 9OF For even s t r o n g e r magenta bases, ask f o r samples o f Day-Glo s p e c i a l bases, M-6165-22 ( B l u e Shade) o r M-6210-22 ( Y e l l o w Shade)

SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

46

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

S i l v e r M e t a l l i c f o r ParJer and Board ( F l e x 0 1 ComDonents: Eastek 2140 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31194) ( a ) J o n c r y l 1535 a c r y l i c emulsion ( b ) N735A n o n l e a f ing a1 umi num p a s t e ( c ) STAPA h y d r o x y l W-F 89 N.L. aluminum p a s t e ( d ) Defoamer ( e ) Biocide ( f )

Wt% 54.7 15.0 16.7 13.3 0.2 0.1

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Eastman S.C. Johnson U.S. Aluminum Obrion A t l a n t i c Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow Corning): S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r Products); DeeFo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) : Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; Mazu DF 327C (PPG) ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca)

.

.

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2 . C a u t i o n : Excessive o f f - g a s s i n g may r e s u l t i f t o t a l a l c o h o l l e v e l exceeds about 7 w t % . See Eastman P u b l i c a t i o n SPI-5 f o r a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n r e g a r d i n g s a f e s t o r a g e and h a n d l i n g o f m e t a l l i c inks. 3. T y p i c a l f l e x o p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s about 20 sec/#3 Zahn EZ s e r i e s cup. Application:

Flexography

Subst r a t e s : Paper Beverage b o a r d Features: * M e t a l l i c appearance *Adhesion t o s u b s t r a t e and o v e r t r a p p e d i n k s *Fast r u n n i n g speeds

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Eastek Standard No. 90790

Printing Inks

47

S i l v e r M e t a l l i c f o r Paper and Board (Gravure1 Comoonents: Eastek 1100 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31064) J o n c r y l 1535 a c r y l i c emulsion ( b ) N735A n o n l e a f i n g aluminum p a s t e ( c ) Defoamer ( d ) Biocide (e)

Wt% (a)

67.7 15.0 17.0 0.2 0.1

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Eastman S.C. Johnson U.S. Aluminum Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow Corning); S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r Products); Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD-1366 (R8A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; and Mafu DF 327C (PPG). ( e ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); and P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca).

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. C a u t i o n : Excessive o f f - g a s s i n g may r e s u l t i f t o t a l a l c o h o l l e v e l exceeds about 7 w t % . See Eastman P u b l i c a t i o n SPI-5 f o r a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n r e g a r d i n g t h e s a f e s t o r a g e and handling o f m e t a l l i c inks. 3. T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 25-30 sec./#2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s cup. I f necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h e f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h w a t e r . A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure Substrates : Paper SBS b o a r d Beverage board Features : * M e t a l l i c appearance *Adhesion t o s u b s t r a t e and over t r a p p e d i n k s *Fast r u n n i n g speeds

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Eastek Standard No. 90465

48

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

S t a b i l i z e d CAP I n k w i t h P o l y e t h y l e n e I m i n e Polyethylene Imine: P o l y e t h y l e n e i m i n e a c t s as an e x t r e m e l y e f f i c i e n t adhesion promoter f o r CAP-based i n k s , p r o b a b l y by f o r m i n g hydrogen bonds between c a r b o x y l groups on t h e CAP and amine hydrogen atoms i n t h e p o l y t h y l e n e i m i n e . An advantage o f t h i s adhesion promoter o v e r t h e p r e v i o u s l y d e s c r i b e d t i t a n i u m d e r i v a t i v e s i s t h a t i t can be used w i t h low- o r zero-acid-number a c r y l i c r e s i n s s i m i l a r t o t h o s e blended w i t h CAP f o r p r i n t i n g PVDC-coated f i l m s . A second advantage i s t h a t d u r i n g heat s e a l i n g t h e r e i s no odour from breakdown o f t h e adhesion promoter, as can occur w i t h t i t a n i u m a c e t y l a c e t o n a t e p r o d u c t s . A disadvantage o f p o l y e t h y l e n e i m i n e i s t h a t u n s t a b i l i r e d CAP i n k s have a s h e l f l i f e o f o n l y one t o weeks. However, s t a b i l i z a t i o n o f t h e i n k i s p o s s i b l e u s i n g a c e t o a c e t y l - 0 - t o l u i d i n e (AAOT) i n t h e r a t i o o f 2 p a r t s AAOT t o 1 p a r t p o l y e t h y l e n e imine. Table 6 g i v e s a t y p i c a l f o r m u l a t i o n .

Table 6 White

K%

Inaredient: Pigment CAP 504-0.2 P a r a l o i d 872 S i 1b e r c i s e r C6 AAOT Ethanol Ethyl acetate Polymin ( w a t e r - f r e e )

20.0 6.7 5.8 2.0 1. o 47.2 16.8 0.5 Colour

Wt%

Ingredient : Pigment CAP 504-0.2 P a r a l o i d 872 S i 1b e r c i s e r C6 AAOT Ethanol E t h y l acetate Polymin ( w a t e r - f r e e )

10.0 9.0 6.8 2.0 2.0 54.6 14.6 1 .o

Notes : *These i n k s a r e s u i t a b l e f o r r e v e r s e p r i n t i n g o f c o e x t r u d e d p o l y p r o p y l e n e f o r subsequent adhesive l a m i n a t i o n .

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

49

S t a r f i r e Base S i g n a l Green Base c o l o r i s n o t o f f e r e d as p a r t o f t h e S t a r f i r e Base c o l o r l i n e , s i n c e many v a r i a t i o n s i n c o l o r s t r e n g t h may be d e s i r a b l e and a r e e a s i l y o b t a i n a b l e b y t h e i n k f o r m u l a t o r . The S t a r f i r e S i g n a l Green Base c o l o r may be formu l a t e d as f o l l o w s :

Wt% Day-Glo S a t u r n Y e l l o w SFB-17 B1ue Shade P h t h a l ocyani ne Green F1ushed Co o r , Sun Chemical #U64-2357 ( o r equi Val e n t )

86.7 13.3

Many v a r i a t i o n s o f a f l u o r e s c e n t b l u e a e a l s o o b t a i n a b l e . Day-Glo recommended s t a r t i n g base c o l o r i s as f o l l o w s :

Wt% Day-Glo I n v i s i b l e B l u e Base MT-6172-IB Green Shade P h t h a l o c y a n i n e B l u e Flushed C o l o r , BASF #70-MM-2230 ( o r e q u i v a l e n t )

70.0 30.0

1. For maximum f u l l f l u o r e s c e n t e f f e c t s when p r i n t i n g p r i m a r y s o l i d colors:

Wt% Day-Glo S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r Matte Vehicle S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 I n k O i l 6% Cerium O c t o a t e D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r Tack=14-16 @ 1200 RPM, 90%

80.0 14.0 2.0 2.0 1. o 1 .o

2 . F o r l o n g p r i n t i n g r u n s on a wide v a r i e t y o f c o a t e d and uncoated paper s t o c k , where maximum p r e s s s t a b i l i t y , water r e s i s t a n c e and s h a r p h a l f t o n e s a r e o f p r i m a r y concern:

Wt% Day-G1 o S t a r f ir e Base C o l o r G1oss Qui c k s e t Vehi c l e S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 I n k O i l 6% Cerium D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r Tack=l4-16 @ 1200 RPM, 9OF

3 . An economical rhodamine replacement f o r s t r o n g , s p o t c o l o r s and p r o c e s s p r i n t i n g : Day-Glo S t a r f i r e SFB-22 S t r o n g Magenta L i t h o 1 Rubi ne F1ush, 45-MM-2247 Gloss Q u i c k s e t V e h i c l e S394-N1 P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax Magiesol 52 o r Magiesol 60 O i l 6% Cerium D r i e r 12% Manganese D r i e r Tack=16-17 @ 1200 RPM, 9OF SOURCE: Day-Glo C o l o r Corp.: SugQested F o r m u l a t i o n s

70.0 20.0 2.0 6.4 1.o 1.o clean

K % 30.0

30.0 29.0 2.0 6.4 1.o 1.o

50

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Fonnulatwns

S t a r t i n e P o i n t Formulations J o n c r y l 142 as a s o l e v e h i c l e system f o r carbon b l a c k i n k s Once n e u t r a l i z e d , J o n c r y l 142, p e r f o r m s as a s o l e v e h i c l e system f o r carbon b l a c k s . I t p r o v i d e s pigment d i s p e r s i o n and t r a n s f e r p r o p e r t i e s f o r c o r r u g a t e d and paper i n k s . P i qment D i s p e r s i o n

Wt% 15.0 19.2 25.5 0.3

Carbon B l a c k : E l f t e x 8 J o n c r y l 91 Water A n t i f o a m : Dee Fo PI-35 Letdown

12.0 3.0 25.0

J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water pH: 8 . 0 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 25 secs 48 h o u r s : 31 secs % Polymer S o l i d s : 7.8% % Pigment: 15%

J o n c r y l 142 as a letdown v e h i c l e : J o n c r y l 142 i s a c o s t - e f f e c t i v e l e t d o w n v e h i c l e f o r r e s i n o r surfactant-based organic c o l o r dispersions. J o n c r y l 67, J o n c r y l 678, o r J o n c r y l 690 r e s i n s can be used t o make v e h i c l e s f o r h i g h q u a l i t y d i s p e r s i o n s . Commercial pigment d i s p e r s i o n s , such as t h o s e l i s t e d , can a l s o be used.

* *

Finished Ink-Yellow

Wt% AAA Y e l l o w :

Heucosperse YS-1330

J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

40.0 26.5 3.0 30.0 0.5

pH: 8 . 1

V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 25 secs 48 hours: 23 secs

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 142 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

S t a r t i n a P o i n t F o r m u l a t i o n s (Continued) J o n c r y l 142 a s a Letdown V e h i c l e ( C o n t i n u e d ) F i n i s h e d I n k - B l ue

Wt% P h t h a l o B l u e : F l e x i v e r s e BFD-1121 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 pH: 8 . 2 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 24 secs 48 h o u r s : 30 secs

35.0 35.0 3.0 26.5 0.5

F i n i shed Ink-Red Barium L i t h o l : F l e x i v e r s e RFD-3217 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 pH: 8 . 0 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 25 secs 48 h o u r s : 31 secs

36.0 50.5 3.0 10.0 0.5

F i n i s h e d Ink-Red

Wt% Barium L i t h o l : F l e x i v e r s e RFD-3217 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748 pH: 8.0 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 24 secs 48 h o u r s : 26 secs

35.0 40.0 3.0 21.5 0.5

Finished Ink-Black

Wt% Carbon B l a c k : L i q u i f l e x BD-1000 J o n c r y l 91 Jonwax 22 Water A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 pH: 8 . 2 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn: I n i t i a l : 24 secs 40 h o u r s : 28 secs

SOURCE:

35.0 37.0 3.0 24.5 0.5

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 142 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

51

52

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Suaaested S t a r t i n a P o i n t F o r m u l a t i o n s f o r F i n i s h e d I n k s F i lm-Red

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 624 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748

46.0 48.5

5.0 0.5

I n i t i a1 V i s c o s i t y * : 23 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 25 F i 1m-Bl ue

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 624 Jonwax 2 6 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

43.0 51 . 5

5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 2 6 F i 1in-Ye1 1o w % &

Dispersion C Joncryl 624 Jonwax 2 6 Antifoam: Bubble Breaker 748

43.0 51.5

5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 26 *Secs.,

#2 Zahn Cup

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

53

Suggested S t a r t i n g P o i n t F o r m u l a t i o n s f o r F i n i s h e d I n k s F o i 1-Red % &

46.0 48.5

Dispersion A J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : B u b b l e B r e a k e r 748

5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 24 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 27 F o i 1-61 u e

K% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748

43.0

51.5 5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 27 F o i 1-Ye1 1o w

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 74 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble B r e a k e r 748

43.0

51.5 5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 27 *Secs,

SOURCE:

#2 Zahn Cup

SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 S u g g e s t e d F o r m u l a t i o n s

54

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Suagested S t a r t i n a P o i n t F o r m u l a t i o n s for F i n i s h e d I n k s Paper 6 Board-Red % &

Dispersion A J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water

46.0 47.0 5.0 0.5

1.5

I n i t i a1 V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 45 Paper 8 Board-Blue

5 Dispersion B J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water

43.0 50.0 5.0 0.5 1.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 28 m e r 6 Board-Yellow

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 87 Jonwax 26 A n t i foam: Bubble Breaker 748 Water

43.0 50.0 5.0 0.5 1.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 26 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 45 *Secs,

#2 Zahn Cup

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

55

Sugaested S t a r t i n q P o i n t F o r m u l a t i o n s f o r F i n i s h e d I n k s

Taa 8 Label-Red

Wt% Dispersion A J o n c r y l 87 J o n c r y l 77 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

46.0 27.0 21.5 5.0 0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 31 Taci 8 L a b e l - B l u e

E % Dispersion B J o n c r y l 87 J o n c r y l 77 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

43.0 29.0 22.5 5.0

0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 27 T a q 8 Label -Ye1 l o w

Wt% Dispersion C J o n c r y l 87 J o n c r y l 77 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748

43.0 29.0 22.5 5.0

0.5

I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * : 25 One Week V i s c o s i t y * : 31 *Secs,

#2 Zahn Cup

SOURCE: SCJohnson Polymer: J o n c r y l 678 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

56

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

TransDarent Gold for Aluminum F o i l Components: Eastek 1200 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31125) ( a ) Dei o n i zed water C . I . Yellow 83 pigment d i s p e r s i o n Unisperse Red FBN-PI ( C . I . Red 2 ) (b) Wax emulsion ( c ) S u r f y n o l 104 PG s u r f a c t a n t (d) Defoamer ( e ) Biocide ( f )

Wt% 88.5 4.9 4.5 0.5 0.5

0.9 0.1 0.1

( a ) Eastman ( b ) Ciba-Geigy ( c ) Suggested wax emulsions i n c l u d e F l e x o n i c 600 and F l e x o n i c 901 (Lawter); Hydrocer 600 and Hydrocer 901 (Shamrock Technologies); Jonwax 26 ( S . C . Johnson); Michem 46940 and Michem 48040 (Michelman). ( d ) A i r Products (e) Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 65 A d d i t i v e (Dow Corning); S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r Products); Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a Addit i v e s ) , Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; Mazu DF 327C (PPG) ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV (Calgon); Proxel GXL and Proxel BD (Zeneca)

.

Formulation Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2. T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 17-20 sec/#2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s cup. I f necessary t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h i s f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h water o r w i t h an 8 0 / 2 0 b l e n d o f water/n-propyl a l c o h o l . Applicatlon:

Gravure

Substrate: Aluminum f o i 1 Features: B r i 11iant metal 1ic appearance Adhesion t o f o i l Resistance t o water and menthol/alcohol s o l u t i o n s Low odor A d j u s t a b l e shade and COF ( c o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n )

*

* * * *

SOURCE: Eastman Chemical Co.:

Eastek Standard No. 91166

Printing Inks

T r a n s p a r e n t L i p h t G o l d f o r Aluminum F o i l Components: Eastek 1200 polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31126) E a s t e k 1300 p o l y m e r d i s p e r s i on (31281 ) Deionized water U n i s p e r s e Red FBN-PI ( C . I . Red 2) ( b ) C . I . Y e l l o w 83 pigment d i s p e r s i o n S u r f y n o l 104 PG s u r f a c t a n t ( c ) Wax e m u l s i o n ( d ) Defoamer ( o p t i o n a l ) ( e ) Biocide ( f )

Wt% 81 .4 9.0 5.6 0.3 1.6 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.1

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Eastman C i ba-Gei gy A i r Products Suggested wax e m u l s i o n s i n c l u d e F l e x o n i c 600 and F l e x o n i c 901 ( L a w t e r ) : Hydrocer 600 and H y d r o c e r 901 (Shamrock T e c h n o l o g i e s ) ; Jonwax 26 ( S . C . Johnson); Michem 46940 and Michem 48040 ( M i c h e l m a n ) . ( e ) Suggested defoamers i n c l u d e DC 6 5 A d d i t i v e (Dow C o r n i n g ) ; S u r f y n o l DF-75 ( A i r P r o d u c t s ) ; Dee Fo 97-3 ( U l t r a A d d i t i v e s ) ; Defoamer RD-1386 (R&A A u x i l i a r i e s ) ; Mazu DF 327C (PPG) ( f ) Suggested b i o c i d e s i n c l u d e Tektamer 38LV ( C a l g o n ) ; P r o x e l GXL and P r o x e l BD (Zeneca).

.

F o r m u l a t i o n Notes: 1. Components a r e l i s t e d i n o r d e r o f a d d i t i o n . 2 . T y p i c a l p r i n t i n g v i s c o s i t y i s 17-20 s/#2 Zahn EZ s e r i e s c u p . I f n e c e s s a r y t o a d j u s t v i s c o s i t y , t h e f o r m u l a t i o n can be c u t w i t h w a t e r o r w i t h an 80/20 b l e n d o f w a t e r / n - p r o p y l a l c o h o l . A p p l i c a t i o n : Gravure Substrates: A1 umi num f o i 1 M e t a l l i z e d paper Features : *Resists menthol/alcohol s o l u t i o n s *Good s u b s t r a t e a d h e s i o n *Low o d o r * C o n t r o l l a b l e COF ( c o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n ) SOURCE: Eastman Chemical:

Eastek S t a n d a r d No. 01602

57

58

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

Treated Hieh S l i p .

Low D e n s i t y P o l v e t h v l e n e F i l m I n k - B l u e

Dispersion A J o n c r y l 624 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 26 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 26 Treated High S l i p ,

35.0 55.0 5.0 0.5 4.5 25

Low D e n s i t y P o l v e t h y l e n e F i l m I n k - Y e l l o w

Wt% Dispersion B J o n c r y l 624 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 Water pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 27 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 25 Treated High S l i p ,

35.0 55.0 5.0 0.5 4.5 25

Low D e n s i t y P o l y e t h v l e n e F i l m Ink-Red

Wt%

Dispersion C J o n c r y l 624 Jonwax 26 A n t i f o a m : Bubble Breaker 748 pH: 8 . 4 I n i t i a l V i s c o s i t y * , secs.: One Week V i s c o s i t y * : B e f o r e a g i t a t i o n : 32 A f t e r a g i t a t i o n : 25 *#2 Zahn cup,

SOURCE:

40.0 54.5 5.0 0.5 23

25C

SCJohnson Polymers: J o n c r y l 67 Suggested F o r m u l a t i o n s

Printing Inks

V i c t o r i a Blue I n k for Polyethylene

wt%

Raw M a t e r ia1s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel : F l e x i v e r s e BFD 3229

28.0

S l o w l y m i x and add: C a r b o s e t GA-1086 Water n-Propyl A l c o h o l Michem 32535 Foamburst 338 BYK 301 F l u o r a d FCI 20

60.0 2.6 3.0 6.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

M i x a t medium speed Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 45.8 T o t a l S o l i d s by Volume, %: 42.2 pH: 8.1 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8 . 9 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, 25C, seconds: 42 Formula W I 34 P h t h a l o B l u e G/S I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o a c l e a n m i x i n g vessel: Sunsperse RHD 6017 S l o w l y m i x and add: Carboset GA-1086 Water n-Butanol BY K - 035 BYK-301 F1u o r a d FC-120 M i x a t medium speed f o r 15 m i n u t e s

Q 28.0 60.0 8.6 3.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 44.5 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 43.2 pH: 8 . 6 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s : 8 . 9 V i s c o s i t y , #2 Zahn, 25C, seconds: 28 Formula W I 127 SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Chemicals:

Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

59

60

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Fortnulatiom

Yellow Corrugated I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l : C a r b o s e t GA-1387 Huber 35 DM Water Monoethanolami ne Foamburst 338 S u n b r i t e (AAA)-273-3556 B a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s - check g r i n d

65.2

7.5 14.6 0.5 0.2 12.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y W e i g h t , %: 35.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 28.0 pH: 9 . 0 Weight p e r G a l l o n , l b s . : 9 . 3 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 15 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o : 1 / 1 . 2 5 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 150 Black Corrugated I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : Place i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l : Carboset GA-1387 Huber 35 DM Water Monoethanolamine Foamburst 338 Raven 450 B a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s check g r i n d

-

Wt% 65.2 7.5 11.6 0.5 0.2 15.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 3 8 . 0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 28.0 pH: 9 . 0 Weight p e r g a l l o n , lbs. 9 . 6 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C s e c . : 25 Pigment t o B i n d e r R a t i o 1 / 1 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 151

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a t y Polymers: Carboset Formu a t i o n s

Printing Inks

Yellow I n k Raw M a t e r i a l s : P l a c e i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s . Carboset GA-1364 DM Water Monoethanol ami ne Foamburst 151 Foamburst 157 S u n b r i t e Y e l l o w 12 (AAA) Check g r i n d .

Wt% 69.2

18.0 0.3 0.4

0.1 12.0

F o r m u l a t i o n Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s b y Weight, %: 30.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 24.0 pH: 8 . 6 Weight p e r G a l l o n / l b s . : 9.0 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 25C, c p s : 63 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 30 F o r m u l a t i o n W I 160 Blue Ink Raw M a t e r i a l s : P l a c e i n t o c l e a n b a l l m i l l f o r 12 h o u r s . Carboset GA-1364 DM Water Monoethanol ami ne Foamburst 151 Foamburst 157 S u n b r i t e Y e l l o w 12 (AAA) Check g r i n d .

69.2 18.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 12.0

Formulation Constants: T o t a l S o l i d s by Weight, %: 30.0 T o t a l S o l i d s b y Volume, %: 23.0 pHi 8 . 6 Weight p e r G a l l o n / l b s . : 9 . 1 V i s c o s i t y , B r o o k f i e l d , 2%. c p s : 45 V i s c o s i t y , #3 Zahn, 25C, s e c . : 26 F o r m u l a t i o n WI 161

SOURCE: BF G o o d r i c h S p e c i a l t y Polymers: Carboset F o r m u l a t i o n s

61

Contents and Subject Index SECTION I: PRINTING INKS ............................. 1 2 Adhesion Promoters ................................ Black Ink ........................................ 3 3 Red Ink Black Ink for Paper Board ............................ 4 Overprint Varnish ................................... 4 Blue Ink ......................................... 5 High Solids Resin Cut 5 Blue Ink for Paper and Paper Board ..................... 6 Blue Corrugated Ink ................................. 6 Bronze Gold Ink ................................... 7 CAP/Acrylic Ink with Amino Silane Adhesion Promoter 8 CAP/Acrylic Ink for PVDC-Coated Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Top Ink 9 CAP/Acrylic Ink with Zirconium Propionate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Coalesced Joncryl537 .............................. 11 11 Alkali Resistant Ink-Blue ............................ 11 Alkali Resistant Ink-Red ............................. 11 Alkali Resistant Ink-Yellow ........................... Dialrylide Yellow Ink for Polyethylene/Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12 Oil Resistant OPV ................................. 13 Extender for Beverage Board Inks Blue Ink for Polyolefins 13 14 Finished Inks ..................................... 14 Quality Corrugated-Red ............................. Quality Corrugated-Blue ............................ 14 Quality Corrugated-Yellow ........................... 14 15 Finished Inks 15 Economy Corrugated-Red ........................... 15 Economy Corrugated-Blue ........................... 15 Economy Corrugated-Yellow ......................... 16 Finished Inks ..................................... Foil, Film, Metallized, & Tissue-Red .................... 16 Foil. Film. Metallized. & Tissue-Blue .................... 16

.........................................

...............................

........ ..........................................

...................... ..............................

.....................................

ix

x

Contents and Subject Index

Nitrocellulose Modification-HMS Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 18 Water-Based Flexo Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Flexographic Inks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Propionate Modification-HM Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Propionate Modification-HMS Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 T-Type Gravure Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Flexolnk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Propionate Modification-HM Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Propionate Modification-HMS Ink ...................... 20 Nitrocellulose Modification-H M Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nitrocellulose Modification-HMS Ink .................... 20 Formulation Guidelines for CAP in Liquid Inks . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Gloss Tag & Label Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Gloss Tag & Label Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Gloss Tag & Label Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 23 Glossy Black Corrugated Ink .......................... 23 Overprint Varnish for Wet Litho Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Gold Metallic for Paper and Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Gravure Ink for Gift Wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Green Polyethylene Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Polyethylene Wax Dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 High Gloss Foil Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 High Gloss Foil Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 High Gloss Foil Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Gloss Wide Web Gravure Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 High Gloss Wide Web Gravure Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 High Gloss Wide Web Gravure Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 High Quality Corrugated Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 29 High Quality Corrugated Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Quality Corrugated Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 High Solids. Low Tack Sheetfed Offset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Web Offset Heatset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Fluorescent Blue Sheetfed Offset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 31 Ink Compatibility Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ink-Phthalo Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 32 Ink-Carbon Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ink-litho1 Rubine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 34 Ink Formulation-Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Ink Formulation-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ink Formulation-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ink Formulation-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 36 Low Cost Corrugated Ink-Blue ........................ Low Cost Corrugated Ink-Yellow ...................... 36 Low Cost Corrugated Ink-Red ........................ 36

Contents and Subject Index

xi

Low Energy Web-Offset Heatset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 37 Sheetfed Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Web Offset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Web Offset Heatset Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Neutralization Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Joncryl91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 38 Joncryl85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 News Flexo Vehicle "H" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-Color News Flexo Vehicle Starting 39 Point Formulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Red Rubine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Yellow Diarylide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Blue Phthalo Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News Flexo Vehicle " F News Flexo Vehicle for WaterBased Black Inks Starting Point Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 40 Phthalo G/S Corrugated Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barium Litho1 Corrugated Ink ......................... 40 Pre/Post-Metallization Primer for Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Blue Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Red for Polyethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 High Gloss Water Ink for Paper and Paper Board . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Screen Printing Ink Vehicle for General Purpose 43 Fluorescent Screen Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Type Gravure Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 43 C Type Gravure Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Semi-permanent Marker Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Textile Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Gravure Ink-A Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gravure Ink-C Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Gravure Ink-T Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 45 Sheetfed Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Silver Metallic for Paper and Board (Flexo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Silver Metallic for Paper and Board (Gravure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Stabilized CAP Ink with Polyethylene Imine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 49 Starfire Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Starting Point Formulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pigment Dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Letdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Finished Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Finished Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 51 Finished Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Finished Ink-Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suggested Starting Point Formulations for Finished Inks . . . . . . 53 Film-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

xii

Contents and Subject Index

Film-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Film-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Suggested Starting Point Formulations for Finished Inks . . . . . . 52 53 Foil-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foil-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Foil-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Suggested Starting Point Formulations for Finished Inks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Paper & Board-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Paper & Board-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Paper & Board-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Suggested Starting Point Formulations for Finished Inks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Tag & Label-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Tag & Label-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Tag & Label-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Transparent Gold for Aluminum Foil .................... 56 Transparent Light Gold for Aluminum Foil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Treated High Slip. Low Density Polyethylene Film Ink-Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Treated High Slip. Low Density Polyethylene Film Ink-Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Treated High Slip. Low Density Polyethylene 58 Film Ink-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Victoria Blue Ink for Polyethylene ...................... 59 59 Phthalo Blue G/S Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Corrugated Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Black Corrugated Ink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Yellowlnk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Bluelnk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 SECTION II: OVERPRINT VARNISHES .................... 62 General Purpose OPV (Joncryl 1679) 63 OPV for Wet Litho (CDX-562) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Grease-Barrier Overprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Heat Resistant OPV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Pet Food Bag OPV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Heat Sealable Overprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Repulpable Overprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Heat-Resistant Overprints 66 High Gloss OPV (CDX-563) .......................... 67 Hot Mar Resistant Overprint Varnish .................... 67 High-Gloss Thermoset Overprint Based on CAP-504-0.2 . . . . . 68 Typical Overprint Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

...................

...........................

Contents and Subject Index

xiii

High Skid Angle/Low VOC Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Low VOC Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 70 Low VOC Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offset Ink Train Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Overprint Lacquer for High-Quality Gift Wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 73 Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overprint Varnish over Wet Litho Ink .................... 74 74 Low VOC Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overprint Varnishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 HighGloss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 75 LOWVOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Overprint Varnishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Water Resistant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overprint Varnishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 77 In-line Litho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overprint Varnishes ................................ 78 78 General Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Overprint Varnishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Water Resistant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 General Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water & Grease Resistant OPV (Joncryl 1938) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 SECTION 111: COATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Alcohol-Resistant Slipcoat for Aluminum Foil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Overprint Varnish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Carboset GA-33 in Waterborne Inks for Vinyl Substrates . . . . . 84 Carboset GA 33 Top Coat for Vinyl Wallcovering . . . . . . . . . . .84 85 Food Release - Bakery Products ...................... Lidding Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 85 Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Blocking Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Non-Blocking Moisture Barrier Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Repulpability of Paperboard Coated with Carboset GA-1103 and Carboset GA-1105 ..................... 87 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Repulpability of the Coated Paperboard 601-750-637-1 . . . . . . 87 87 601-750-637-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 601-750-637-3 601-750-637-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 601-750-637-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Control 88 Vinyl Plastisol Fabric Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 89 Acrylic Urethane Coating Aerosol Concentrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

..................................

......................................... ............................

xiv Contents and Subject Index SECTION N: MISCELLANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Acrylic Aerosol Concentrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Alkyd Brushing Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Water Dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Aerosol Concentrate ............................... 91 Carboset GA-1162 Resin Cut CL 119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92 Carboset GA-1162 Polyethylene Wax Dispersion CL 135 . . . . . 92 Carboset GA-1250 Resin Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Carboset GA-1250 Organic Pigment Grinds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 Extender for Bronze Powders/Pastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 High Hiding Acrylic Emulsion for Inks on Natural Kraft . . . . . . . . 95 Starting Point Formulation: White ...................... 95 Starting Point Formulation: Black ...................... 95 96 Starting Point Formulation-Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Starting Point Formulation-Blue ....................... 96 Starting Point Formulation-Yellow ...................... 96 Pigment Dispersion for Water-Borne Inks Using Carboset Polymers-Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Pigment Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Starting Formulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Standard Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 HighGloss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 99 Pigment Dispersions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dispersion A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 99 Dispersion B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dispersion C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Pigment Dispersions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Dispersion A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 100 Dispersion B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dispersion C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Pigment Dispersions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Dispersion A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Dispersion B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 101 Dispersion C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primer for Polypropylene and Other Plastics and Metals . . . . . 102 Stir-In Additive in Coatings for Polypropylene and Other Plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Primer for Polyethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Resin Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 103 Joncryl50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joncryl52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Joncryl55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Solvent Free Resin Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Organic Pigment Grinds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Contents and Subject Index

xv

Resin Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 103 Joncryl50 ...................................... Joncryi 52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 103 Joncryl55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Solvent Free Resin Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organic Pigment Grinds ............................ 104 105 Solvent Free Resin Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Organic Pigment Grinds ............................ 108 Solutions of Joncryl678 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joncryl60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Joncryl61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Vinyl Plastisol Molding. Film Foaming & Fabric Coating . . . . . . 107 107 Semi-Rigid Calendered Vinyl Film ..................... 107 Fluorescent Paper Coating .......................... Tempera Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 SECTION V TRADEMARKED RAW MATERIALS SECTION VI: SUPPLIERS' ADDRESSES END USE INDEX

. . . . . . . . . . . 108

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

...................................

127

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt%

Section V

Trademarked Raw Materials

8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

Trademarked Raw Materials

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

109

SOURCE

A b i t o l 9OX

Hydrobietyl alcohol

Hercules

A c r y l o i d 6-66

A c r y l i c r e s i n s o l u t i o n . TSC:51%

Rohm&Haaa

A c r y l o i d F-10

A c r y l i c r e s i n s o l u t i o n . TSC:4096

Rohm&Haas

A c r y l o i d NAD-10

Acrylic dispersion resin.

Rohm&Haas

Acrysol RM-825

Associ a t ive t h i c k e n e r

Rohm&Haas

Additive #I1 Aerosol OT-75

CasChem W e t t i n g / l e v e l i n g agent

Amberol M-82

AmCyan Rohm&Haas

Aromatic Solvent sc-100

Petroleum s o l v e n t . BP: 311F

Exxon

AVO-797 #7

I s o p h t h a l i c a1 kyd

BASF

BASF #70-MM-2230

Green shade phthalocyanine b l u e

BASF

Bentone 38

Rheological a d d i t i v e

Rheox

Benzoflex 50

P1a s t i c i zer

Vel s i c o l

Bubble Breaker 748

A n t i foam

W i tco

Butyl Cellosolve

Glycol e t h e r

UnCarb

BYK 023

Defoamer

BYKChemie

BYK 035

Defoamer

BYKCherni e

BYK 045

Defoamer

BYKChemie

BYK 301

Silicone leveling aid

BYKChemi e

BYK 321

Flow a i d

BYKChemie

110

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

SOURCE

Cab-0-Si 1

Fumed silica

Cabot

Cab-0-Si 1 M-5

Fumed silica

Cabot

CAP-482-0.5

Cellulose acetate prop onate. Vis: 0.40 sec

E astma n

CAP-504-0.2

Cellulose acetate prop onate. Vis: 0.15 sec

Eastman

Carbopol Ultrer 10

Carbomer

Goodrich

Carboset GA-33

Acrylic dispersion copolymer. Hard thermoplastic

Goodri ch

Carboset GA-1006

Styrene acrylic copolymer emul s i on

Goodr i ch

Carboset GA-1087

Styrene acrylic copolymer emu 1 si on

Goodr i ch

Carboset GA-1103

Acrylic emulsion. Medium hardness

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1105

Acrylic emulsion. Very hard.

Goodr i ch

Carboset GA-1161

Styrene-acrylic copolymer. Low MW

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1162

Styrene-acrylic copolymer. Low Mw

Goodri ch

Carboset GA-1166

Styrene-acrylic polymer solution Goodrich

Carboset GA-ll66HS

Styrene-acrylic polymer solution Goodrich

Carboset GA-1250

Styrene-acrylic polymer. Low MW

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1324

Acrylic copolymer emulsion

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1339

Styrene-acrylic copolymer emul s i on

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1364

Acrylic copolymer dispersion

Goodri ch

Carboset GA-1387

Styrene-acrylic copolymer dispersion

Goodrich

Trademarked Raw Materials

R A W MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

111

SOURCE

Carboset GA-1604

A c r y l i c copolymer emulsion

Goodrich

Carboset GA-1926

Polymer

Goodri ch

Carboset GA-1931

Resin s o l u t i o n

Goodr ich

Carboset GA-2136

A c r y l i c copolymer emulsion

Goodr ich

Carboset XPD-1324

Polymer

Goodri ch

Carboset XPD-1926

Polymer

Goodri ch

Carboset XPD-1931

Polymer

Goodrich

Carboset XPD-1993

Styrene-acrylic emu1s i on

Castung 403-UV

Dehydrated c a s t o r o i l

copolymer

Goodrich CasChem

CC-5071 100% S o l i d s PTFE/PE Sheetfed Compound

Carroll

CC-6273 Deodorized

High s o l i d s PTFE/Wax

Carroll

C D I Black 8814950

Carbon b l a c k d i s p e r s i o n

C D I D i sp

Cerium Octoate D r i e r - 6 %

Shepherd

Cobalt L i n-A1 1 P I - D r i er-6%

Mooney

Cobratec 99

Benzotriazole

PMCSpec

CP 153-2

Chlorinated p a r a f f i n

Eastman

CP 343-1

Chlorinated p a r a f f i n

Eastman

CP 343-3

Chlorinated p a r a f f i n

Eastman

CP 515-2

Chlorinated p a r a f f i n

Eastman

Crodami ne OR Wax

Croda

Cymel 300

Hexamethoxymethyl-melamine r e s i n AmCyan

Cymel 373

Melamine r e s i n

AmCyan

Cyasorb UV24

UV l i g h t s t a b i l i z e r

AmCyan

112

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

RAW MATERIAL Day-Glo A-Pigment

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION Thermoplastic f l u o r e s c e n t pigment

Day-G1 o AIT C o l o r a n t

SOURCE Day-G1 o Day-G1 o

Day-Glo AX Pigment

Thermoplastic f l u o r e s c e n t p i gment

Day-Gl o

Day-Glo EPX D i s p

Formaldehyde f r e e pigment

Day-G1 o

Day-Glo GT Pigment

Thermoset r e s i n based

Day-G1 o

Day-Glo HM S o l u b l e Toner

T r a n s p a r e n t f l o u r e s c e n t c o l o r a n t Day-Glo

Day-Glo HMS S o l u b l e Toner

T r a n s p a r e n t f l u o r e s c e n t c o l o r a n t Day-Glo

Day-Glo I n v i s i b l e B l u e Base MT-6172-IB

Day-G1 o

Day-Glo S p e c i a l Base M-6165-22

Magenta base ( B l u e shade)

Day-G1 o

Day-Glo S p e c i a l Base M-6210-22

Magenta base ( Y e l l o w shade)

Day-Glo

Day-Glo S p e c i a l Thermoset Base

Day-Glo

Day-Glo S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r

Day-Gl o

Day-Glo S t a r f i r e F r e s h C o l o r Base

Day-Glo

Day-Glo T-Pigment

Day-Glo

Thermoset r e s i n based

Day-Glo V e l e x Tack Reducer TR-052

Day-Glo

DC 65 A d d i t i v e

Defoamer

DowCor n

DeeFo P I - 3 5

Defoamer

U1t r a A d d

DeeFo 97-3

Defoamer

U1t r a A d d

Defoamer RD-1386

Defoamer

R8A A u x i l

Desmodur N-75

Catalyst

Mobay

DOSS OT-75

W e t t i n g agent

Cytec

Trademarked Raw Materials

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

SOURCE

Dowanol DB

Solvent

Dow

D o w i c i l 75

A n t i m i c r o b i a l agent

Dow

Drapex 4.4

Stabilizer

Argus

Drapex 6.8

Vinyl p l a s t i c i z e r

Argus

Dri-RX

I13

Mooney

Drier

DSX-1514

Associative thickener

Henkel

Dynasi 1an DAM0

A m i no s i 1ane d e r i v a t ive

Dynami t

Eastek 1100

Polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31064)

Eastman

Eastek 1200

Polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31125)

Eastman

Eastek 1300

Polymer d i s p e r s i on

Eastman

Eastek 2140

Polymer d i s p e r s i o n (31321)

Eastman

Eastman DOP

Dioctyl phthalate p l a s t i c i z e r

Eastman

Eastman T r i a c e t i n

Plasticizer

Eastman

Ecogel H

Heatset web o f f s e t vehic e

Ecovar

EHEC High

E t h y l hydroxyethyl c e l l u ose

Hercules

Ektasolve EB

Glycol ether

East man

Elftex 5

Carbon b l a c k

Cabot

Elftex 8

Carbon b l a c k

Cabot duPont

E l vaci t e 2044

Elvax 40W

Ethylene v i n y l a c e t a t e copolymer duPont

Elvax 260 Resin

Ethylene v i n y l a c e t a t e copolymer duPont

Exkin 2

A n t i - s k i n n i n g agent

Hul s

114

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

SOURCE

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

RAW MATERIAL FC-120

Wett ing agent

3M

FC-129

Wett ing agent

3M

F e r r o 1742

Stabi 1izer

Ferro

F l e x i v e r s e BFD-1121

Phthalo b l u e d i s p e r s i o n

Sun

F l e x i v e r s e BFD-3229

Pigment d i s p e r s i o n

Sun

F l e x i v e r s e Green

Pigment d i spe s i on

Sun

F l e x i v e r s e RCD-7108

Barium 1itho1 r e d ( s u r f a c t a n t based)

Sun

F l e x i v e r s e RFD-1133

Red pigment d spersion

Sun

F l e x i v e r s e RFD-3217

Barium l i t h o 1 r e d

Sun

F l e x o n i c 600 & 901

Wax emulsion

Lawter

Flexonyl Rubine A-F6B C . I .

Red 184

Hoechst

Foambl a s t 327

Defoamer

Ross

Foambla s t 370

Defoamer

Ross

Foamburst 151

Defoamer

Ross

Foamburst 157

Defoamer

Ross

Foamburst 338

Defoamer

Ross

G-Cry1 250

A c r y l i c binder

Henkel

G-Cure 867-Plus 60

Acrylic resin

Henkel

Geon 12

Resin

Goodri ch

Geon 121

Resin

Goodri ch

Germaben I 1

Preservative

Sutton

Trademarked Raw Materials

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

115

SOURCE

Hercolyn D

Hydrogenated r o s i n e s t e r

Hercules

Heucosperse YS-1330

AAA y e l l o w

Heubach

H i Fast 06-59282

Carrier

BASF

Huber 35

Kaolin clay

Huber

Huber 900

Kaolin clay

Huber

Hydrocer 600 & 901

Wax emulsion

Shamrock

J o n c r y l 50

A c r y l i c polymer s o l u t i o n

Johnson

J o n c r y l 52

Acrylic resin solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 55

Acrylic resin solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 56

A c r y l i c r e s i n emuls on

Johnson

J o n c r y l 58

A c r y l i c r e s i n s o l u t on

Johnson

J o n c r y l 60

A c r y l i c r e s i n s o l u t on

Johnson

J o n c r y l 61

Resi n s o l u t i on

Johnson

J o n c r y l 62

Acrylic resin solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 63

Acrylic resin solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 67

Solid acrylic resin

Johnson

J o n c r y l 74

A c r y l i c emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 77

A c r y l i c emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 85

Acrylic colloidal solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 87

Styrenated a c r y l i c emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 89

Styrenated a c r y l i c emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 91

Acrylic colloidal solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 142

A c r y l i c polymer emulsion

Johnson

116

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

SOURCE

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

RAW MATERIAL J o n c r y l 537

A c r y l i c polymer emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 586

Solid acrylic resin

Johnson

J o n c r y l 624

A c r y l ic polymer emu1s i on

Johnson

J o n c r y l 647

Acrylic colloidal solution

Johnson

J o n c r y l 678

Solid acrylic resin

Johnson

J o n c r y l 682

Solid acrylic resin

Johnson

J o n c r y l 1535

A c r y l i c emulsion

Johnson

J o n c r y l 2660

A c r y l i c polymer emulsion

Johnson

Jonwax 22

M i c r o c r y s t a l l i n e wax emulsion

Johnson

Jonwax 26

Polyethylene wax

Johnson

Jonwax 120

Pol y e t h y l ene/paraf f in wax

Johnson

Kemamide E

Erucamide f a t t y amide

Humko

Kodaf 1ex T X I B

Plasticizer

Eastman

Krumbhaar Resin K-1717-0

Lawter

Krumbhaar K-1979

Lawter

Polyester r e s i n

Lactol S p i r i t s Lancoglidd TD (25%)

Wax

LE-410

W e t t i n g / l e v e l i n g agent.

Level 27

F l a t t e n i n g agent

L i q i g a r d 85

Wax

Carroll

Liqua F l e x

Predi spersed p i gment

Drew

L i q u i f 1ex BD-1 000

Carbon b l a c k

Drew

Emulsion UnCarb

Trademarked Raw Marerials

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

RAW MATERIAL

SOURCE

L i q u a f 1ex RD5200

L i t h o l rubine dispersion

Drew

L i quaf 1ex YO-3000

Yellow pigment d i s p e r s i o n

Drew

L i q u i t r o n 250

Wax

Carroll

L i q u i t r o n 251

Wax d i s p e r s i o n

Carroll

L i t h o l Rubine Flush, 45-MM-2247

1I7

BASF

Lucidene 602

A c r y l i c binder

Morton

Luvi s k o l VA-73W

PVP/VA copolymer (50%)

BASF

Mackami de AME

Acetamide MEA

Mc In t y r e

Magiesol 47 I n k O i l

Aliphatic ink o i l

Magi e

Magiesol 52 I n k O i l

Aliphatic ink o i l

Magi e

Magiesol 60 I n k O i l

Aliphatic ink o i l

Magi e

Manganese Drier-12%

12% manganese

Mooney

Manganese L i n - A l l P I Drier-6% manganese

Mooney

Mark GS

Stabi 1iz e r

ArgusWitco

Maru DF 327C

Defoamer

PPG

Merquat Plus 3330

Pol yquaterni um-39

Michem Lube 160

Wax

Michelman

Michem Lube 316

M i c h e l man

Michem Lube 743

Michelman

Michem Lube 32535

Wax

Michelman

Michem Lube 46025

Wax

M i chel man

Michem 46940

Wax emulsion

M i c h e l man

Michem 40040

Wax emulsion

Michelman

M o i s t u r i z i n g Phytoamine Biocomplex

118

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

RAW MATERIAL N735A

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION Nonl e a f ing a1 umi num p a s t e

SOURCE USA1 umi num

Nalco 2321 Defoamer

Nal co

Nalco 2335 Dispersant

Nalco

Nalco 2341

Nal eo

Neocryl 8722

Acrylic resin

IC1

Neocryl 8814

Acryl i c r e s i n

IC1

Neptune N-1

CL159 r e c i p e , 25 p a r t s N-1

Shamrock

QP-340

Surfactant

A i rProd

P a r a l o i d 872

Resin

Rohm&Haas

Paraplex G-60

Plasticizer

Rohm&Haas

P a r l o n S-20

C h l o r i n a t e d rubber

Hercules

Pentalyn G

Pentaerythritol ester o f rosin

Hercules

Plexigum N80

Resin

P1e x i gum N742

A c r y l ic r e s i n

Pol ymi n Allied

Polymist A-12 Post 4

Rheological a d d i t i v e

CasChem

P r i n t e x 35

Pigment

Degus sa

Proxel GXL 8 BD

8 i o c i des

2 eneca UnCarbi de

QP-4400 R49-HP-1210

B a r i um 1itho1 presscake

Chromatic

Raven 450

Pigment

Col umbi an

Trademarked Raw Materials

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

119

SOURCE

Resi mene U-980 R h e o l a t e 101

Thickener

Rheox

R h e o l a t e 300

Thickener

Rheox

Rhoplex E-32

Acryl i c binder

Rohm&Haas

R i c h g o l d F l a k e 9520X

Bronze powder

USBronze

S-232

P o l y e t h y l e n e wax

Shamrock

S-394-N1

P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax ( 5 m i c r o n s )

Shamrock

S-395-N5

P o l y e t h y l e n e Wax ( 1 2 . 5 m i c r o n s )

Shamrock

SAIB-90

Sucrose a c e t a t e i s o b u t y r a t e

Eastman

Sant ic i z e r 141

Plasticizer

Monsant o

Sant ic i z e r 160

P1a s t i c i z e r

Monsanto

SCX-631

Waterborne a c r y l i c polymer

Johnson

SCX-660

Waterborne a c r y l i c polymer

Johnson

S i l a n e 26020

Ami nosi l a n e d e r i v a t i v e

DowCorning

PTFE wax

Shamrock

S i 1b e r c i s e r C6 SST-3 PTFE Powder

STAPA H y d r o x y l W-F89 NL a1 umi num p a s t e

ObronAt 1an

S t a r f i r e Base C o l o r

DayGlo

High-strength fluroescent pigment

S t a r f i r e SFB-22 S t r o n g Magenta f l u o r e s c e n t magenta

DayGl o

Sun B r i t e 273-3556

AAA y e l l o w

Sun

Sun B r i t e Red 48:2

C a l c i u m l i t h o 1 r e d 28 ( 4 8 : 2 )

Sun

Sun B r i t e Y e l l o w 12

Diarylide yellow

Sun

Sun #U64-2357 B l u e shade p h t h a l o c y a n i n e green c o l o r

Sun

120

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Formulations

R A W MATERIAL

SOURCE

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

Sun Fast 234-0077

Pigment r e d

Sun

Sun Fast 248-1282

G.S.

Sun

Sun Fast Blue 15:3

Phthalo b l u e G.S.

Sun

Sun Fast 249-1291

Pigment b l u e

Sun

blue

Sun Fast Blue 449-1281 Presscake (40% TSC)

Sun

Sun Fast Blue 449-5050 Phthalo G/S presscake

Sun

Sunsperse RHD 6017

Sun

Pigment d i s p e r s i o n

Super High Flash Naphtha Surcol 836W

A c r y l ic r e s i n

S u r f y n o l DF-75

Defoamer

A i rProduct

S u r f y n o l OP-340

Addi t i ve

A i rProduct

S u r f y n o l 104E

Surfactant

A i rProduct

S u r f y n o l 104PA

Surfactant

A i rProduct

Surfynol 104PG

Surfactant

A i rProduct

Tamol 731

Surfactant

Rohm&Haas

Tecsol C Solvent

Denatured e t h y l a l c o h o l

Eastman

Tektamer 38LV

Biocide

Cal gon Tenneco

Tenneco 225F T i l c o n P1-2 Isopropoxyethoxy t i t a n i u m b i s a c e t y l acetonate T i o x i d e R-TC 90

T i t a n i um d i o x i d e

Ti-Pure R-960

T i t a n i um d i o x i d e

DuPont

T r i o n i c 100

Solvent

P e t r o l it e

TTDIA

Pol yrneri zed t u n g o i 1

Degen

Trademarked Raw Materials

RAW MATERIAL

CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION

121

SOURCE

Union Carbide LE410

S i l i c o n e food grade emulsion

Uni sperse Red FBN-PI

C.I.

U v i n u l MS-40

Benzophenone-4

Vehicle F

News f l e x o v e h i c l e

Johnson

Vehicle H

News f l e x o v e h i c l e

Johnson

Vel ex GQV-971

Gloss q u i c k s e t v e h i c l e

Day-G1 o

Vel ex GQV-2030

Gloss q u i c k s e t v e h i c l e

Day-G1 o

Vel ex MFV-2080

Matte f l s . v e h i c l e

Day-G1 o

Velex TR-052

Tack reducer

Day-G1 o

Vulkan K

Carbon b l a c k

Cabot

Wallkyd 11-151

Alkyd (35% i n o d o r l e s s M . S . )

Rei chhol d

WWX-1041

Wax

Carroll

XAMA-2

Crossl i nker

Red 2

UnCarbide C i ba-Gei gy

Zinc Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 zinc/ammonium s o l u t i o n

Johnson

Z i n p l e x 15

U1traAdhes

Crossl inker

70-MM-2230 Green Shade Phthalo Blue F l u s h

BASF

Overprint Varnishes

63

General Purpose OPV (Joncrvl 16791 Primary Purpose: T h i s i s a general purpose OPV w i t h adequate g l o s s and hardness f o r most general purpose uses. The f o r m u l a t i o n can be used as a guide, t o a l l o w t h e f o r m u l a t o r f l e x i b i l i t y i n approaching t h e more e x o t i c requirements o f some OPV's. Formu 1a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 Z i n c Oxide S o l u t i o n #1 Jonwax 26 Sodi um Hydroxi de Bubble Breaker 748 Water

Wt%

Section VI

Suppliers' Addresses

8.80 59.00 5.90 10.00 1.90 0.20 14.20

Formula J o n c r y l 1679 OPV f o r Wet L i t h o (CDX-562)

P r i m a r y Purpose: OPV f o r i n - l i n e and o f f - l i n e c o a t ngs on l i t h o g r a p h c p r i n t e d surfaces using epic-type a p p l i c a t o r s Formul a : J o n c r y l 678 J o n c r y l 77 J o n c r y l 89 Jonwax 26 Ammon ia I PA Water W e t t i n g Agent Preservative A n t i -foam Typical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : T o t a l N o n - V o l a t i l e : 38.5-40.5s V i s c o s i t y : 100-300 cps pH: 8.5-9.0 Lbs. /Gal l o n : 8.5-9.0 Formula CDX-562

SOURCE: SC Johnson Polymer: Suggested Formulations

Wt% 7.0 40.0 20.0 10.0 1.5 4.0 13.8 3.0 0.2 0.5

Suppliers' Addresses

A i r P r o d u c t s 8 Chemicals Box 2662 A l l e n t o w n , PA 18001 (215)-481-4911/(800)-345-3148

CDI D i spersions 27 Haynes Ave. Newark, N J 07114 (201 )-824-1606

Allied-Signal Inc. P.O. Box 2332 M o r r i s t o w n , NJ 07962

Col umbi an Chemical s Co. 1600 Parkwood C i r c l e S u i t e 400 A t l a n t a , GA 30339 (404)-951-5700/(800)-235-4003

(201)-455-5010/(800)-526-0117 American Cyanamid Co. Cytec I n d u s t r i e s 5 Garret M t Plaza West P a t e r s o n , N J 07424 (201)-357-3309/(800)-443-0443 Argus D i v . W i t c o Corp. 520 Madison Ave. New York, NY 10022 (212)-605-3645/(800)-634-4010

Croda I n c . 7 Century D r Parsippany, NJ 07054 (201)-644-4900 DayGlo C o l o r Corp. 4515 S t . C l a i r Ave. C l e v e l a n d , OH 44103 (216)-391-7070

(201)-316-3939/(800)-426-8709

Degen Co. 200 Kel l o g g S t . P.O. Box 5240 J e r s e y C i t y , NJ 07305 (201)-432-1192

BYK-Chemi e USA 524 South Cherry S t . P.O. Box 5670 W a l l i n g f o r d , CT 06492

Degussa Corp. 65 C h a l l e n g e r Rd. R i d g e f i e l d Park, N J 07660 (201 )-641-6100

Cabot Corp. Cab-0-Si 1 D i v . R t e 36W T u s c o l a , I L 61953 (2171-253-3370

Dow Chemical USA M i d l a n d , M I 48674 (800)-447-4369

BASF 100 C h e r r y H i l l Rd. P a r s i ppany, N J 07054

Calgon Corp. P.O. Box 717 P i t t s b u r g h , PA 15230 (412)-787-6700/(800)-422-7266 Cas Chem I n c . Cambrex Co. 40 Avenue A Bayonne, N J 07002

(201)-858-7900/(800)-227-2436

Dow C o r n i n g Corp. Auburn, M I 48611 (517)-498-4000 Drew I n d u s t r i a l D i v A s h l a n d Chemical I n c . One Drew P l a z a Boonton. NJ 07005 (800)-528-1015

123

124

Printing Ink and Overprint Varnish Forrnulaiions

DuPont Co. 1007 Market S t . W i 1m i ngton, DE 19898

(800)-441-7515 Eastman Chemical Co. P.O. Box 431 Kingsport, TN 37662

(615)-229-4511/(8OO)-EASTMAN Exxon USA P.O. Box 2180 Houston, TX 77252

(713)-656-3636/(800)-44-EXXON

Johnson 8 Son, Inc: 1525 Howe S t . Racine. W I 53403 (414)-631-3920/(800)-231-7868

S.C.

Lawter I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n c .

990 Skokie B l v d . Northbrook. I L 60062 (31 2)-498-4700 Magie Bros O i 1 D i v . Pennzoil Products Co. 9101 F u l l e r t o n Ave. F r a n k l i n Park, I L 60131

(312)-625-2600 F e r r o Corp. 7050 K r i c k Rd. Bedford, OH 44146

(216)-641-8580/(800)-321-9946

M c I n t y r e Group L t d . 1000 Governors Hwy U n i v e r s i t y Park, I L 60466

(708)-534-6200 B.F. Goodrich Co. 9911 B r e c k s v i l l e Rd. Cleveland, OH 44141

(216)-447-5000

Michelman, I n c . 9089 S h e l l Rd. C i n c i n n a t i , OH 45236

(513)-793-7766 Henkel Corp. 300 Brooksi de Ambler, PA 19002

(215)-628-1476/(800)-531-0815

Mobay Corp. Mobay R d . P i t t s b u r g h , PA 15205

(412)-777-2000 Hercules I n c . Hercul es P1aza Wilmington, DE 19894

(800)-247-4372

Monsanto Co. 800 N. Lindbergh 81vd. S t . Louis, MO 63167

(314)-694-1000/(800)-325-4330 J.M.

Huber Corp. 907 R e v o l u t i o n S t . Havre de Grace, MD 21078

(301)-939-3500

Mooney Chemicals I n c . 2301 Scranton Rd. Cleveland, OH 44113

(216)-781-8383/(800)-321-9696 Humko Chemical D i v . Witco Corp. 755 Crossover Lane-Ste 216 Memphis, TN 38117

Morton I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n c . 150 Andover S t . Danvers, MA 01923

(9011-684-7047

(978)-774-3100

I C 1 Resins US

Nalco Chemical Co. One Nalco C t r N a p e r v i l l e , I L 60566 (312) -961 -9500

730 Main St. Wilmington, MA 01887

(617)-658-6600/(800)-225-0947

Suppliers' Addresses

P e t r o l i t e Corp. 6910 E 14 S t . T u l s a , OK 74112 (918)-636-1601

PMC Speci a1t i es Group 20525 C e n t e r Ridge Rd. Rocky R i v e r , OH 44116 (216)-356-0700/(800)-543-2466 PPG I n d u s t r i e s I n c .

3938 P o r e t t D r i v e Gurnee, I L 60031 (708)-244-3410/(800)-323-0856 R e i c h h o l d Chemicals, I n c . 525 N. Broadway W h i t e P l a i n s , NY 10603 (914)-682-5700/(800)-431-1920

Sutton Laboratories 116 Summit Ave. Chatham, NJ 07928 (201 ) -635-1551 3M

3M C e n t e r S t . Paul, MN 55144 (612)-733-5454

U l t r a Additives Inc. 460 S t r a i g h t S t . Park S t a t i o n , P.O. Box 98 P a t e r s o n , NJ 07543 (201)-279-1306/(800)-524-0055 Union C a r b i d e Corp. 39 O l d Ridgebury Rd. Danbury, CT 06817

(203)-794-5300/(800)-342-3698 Rheox I n c . Wyckoff M i l l s Rd. H i g h t s t o w n . NJ 08520 (8091-443-2320 Rohm 8 Haas Co. 100 Independence M a l l W P h i l a d e l p h i a . PA 19106 (215)-592-3000 Ross Chemical I n c . 303 D a l e D r i v e F o u n t a i n I n n , SC 29644 (8031-862-4474

U.S. Aluminum I n c . Route 202, P.O. Box 2190 F l emi ngton, NJ 08822 (201)-782-5454 U.S. Bronze Powders, I n c . Route 202, P.O. Box 31 F l e m i n g t o n , NJ 08822 (201)-782-5454

W i t c o Corp. One American Lane Greenwich, CT 06831

(203)-552-3382/(800)-634-4010 Shamrock T e c h n o l o g i e s I n c . Foot o f P a c i f i c S t . Newark, N J 07114 (201)-242-2999 Shepherd Chemical Co. 4900 Beech S t . C i n c i n n a t i , OH 43212 (51 31-731 -1 110 Sun Chemical Co. 411 Sun Ave. C i n c i n n a t i , OH 45232

(513)-681-5950/(800)-343-2583

125