AK-47 - Operators Manual

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY . I

AK-47

ASSAULT RIFLE

PRODUCED BY 203d

MILITARY INTELLIGENCE BATTAL,ION

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SAFETY

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

GEf.tERAl

SECTIQN ISECTI=ON II..

LOAn I N(.

2

TECHNICAL

DATA

L. .

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2:

I:.A.Il.:

OPERATiON

5

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0 rSASSEMBl

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1 of"~

ASSEMBLY

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SECTION V.

L"'.L.

FIRING A,

SEcrI~

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SECTION III+

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CHARGING

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FORWARD:

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per~ol1oed

WL t 1 a.id

YUUI

SECTION VI..

A-CCESSORIES

31 CAlITIDN::

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SECT! ON VI I

MAl NTENANICE

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the

38 HAND -GRENADE 11U

SECT! ON VI I I

.

AMMUNITION (BALL & BLANK)

b 1 ~ nk ammL~1J r:- i on may b-c fire d "Wh~Tl t be b 1.3 ak .t i r i [tg dev'i r:f: i ~ in -::-J P 0 r ~h~ c cn:.::d. [1a:: ::0 11 r- no 1 k L~ a:-; a blank f L r irlg de'il ic ~ ..

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CAUTION::

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and

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gas

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KA.cAZINE;

-a i r b 0 r noe..

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Th-e

So\' ie t AK.-47

a ETlI0 t" tLiI Its

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SECT!ON

I~

G'EMERAL

The AK-,47 (fig 3) is a short, compact, selective..fired weapon designed by the, Soviets in 1946 whi en fi res a -cartri dge intermediate in

power between submachine gUTland ri fle, cartri dges. It ha.s a mi Id recoi 1 which gi ves it the capabi 1ity of d,el i vering effective full automatic fire up to 300, meters. In addition

to the Soviet

Union, the People1s

Rep-ubtic Df China,

East GennanY!l Po 1and, Bu1ga r; a ~ Romafl; a, Nort h Korea" Hunga ry, a,nd YugosT av; a have maTluf'ac:tured the AK-47~ The sel ect,or marking,s Dn the

ri ght side of tlie rece; 'fer pray; de a ready mean s of i dent; fy'; ng the country

FIGURE: 1.

of origin

(fig

4).

The AK-47 is produced i'n two: di fferent bas ie models - one, with a cOT1ventiona1 fixed wooden stock (fig 5} and tne other with a folding metal stock (fig 6).. The folding stock is us~d mostly by .air'borne and

LEFT VIEW~ AK-47

armor units. SECTION

11.

TECHNICAL

7. 62x39rrm

Cartridge Feed Magazine capaci ty Gas operated Weight Length Length wjfo1ded

Magazine

., -

.

FIGURE

2~

RIGHT

VIEW!t

.

'.-'.-=.":';"'.

AK-47

-

.

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7}

9~5 1b 34~2 in 27.5 in 40 rpm 100 rpm 600-800 rpm 400 meters

stock

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FIGUIRE 3. .,

(fig

30 rds

Rate af fire semiautomatic Rate of fire automatic Rate of fire cyclic 1t1aximumeffective raflge

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DATA

2

A.K-47

WEAPON FACTORY

"

SELECTOR

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FI GURE

5.

WOODEN S,TOCK

GERM.

GERM. PRC PRC,

USSR --

U~SSR

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CZECH - -----00

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HUNGARY

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F1NLAND -,

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CZECH GERM,.

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FIGURE 6.

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RUM. -

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BULG. -- -- PO,L.

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FOLDING STOCK

--- ----

PRC

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.

.

N., KOREA

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RB

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1'5;

COUNTRY

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SAFE - -UPPER --~-

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-- _.

MARKINGS

..

SECTIDN

II I

.

OPERATION

load i ng the Magal i ne : P1 a,ce a rQU nd between the feed 1; ps (fi 9 8). Press it down unti 1 it 10cks i nsi de th~ m~gazine.. Repeat unti 1 magaZiT1-e is full (3D rds)..

Inserting the mag-azine into the re-cE!1v'er : Cant t,he magaz.ine forward so the 1ug on the front of the magazi ne engag~s with its re'cess in the magazine we1l (fig 9); then pull the ma-gazi ne tD the rear unti 1 it snaps into place. Loading the AK~47: Pull the operating handle (fig the rear and release it so the lug on the bottom of the ~ rou nd from tl1e mag13 z i neaT! d ; nto the c ha.moer NOTE: (fig ll)t must be in a firing positionK CAUTION: Al ways keep' the sel ector in the safe (upper) the weapo'TI is ready to be fi red a

10), fully to bolt can strip The se 1ector

pas; tion unt; 1

for thi-s purpose (fig 18). Later'a 1 zeroing is done by movi ng the cy'lindrical front sight post mount from side tD side using the l-ater.al zeroing tool (fig 19). If the strike of the sight should be screwed the strike of the bullet 51 ide.. of the front si ght to the right.

bullet in If is to should ~

is below the control pDint, the front above it shoul d be screwe,d out., If the left of the control point~ the be mov~d to the left; ; f' tD: thE: r; ght:l ~

Moving the front sight slide to th~ left~ right~ up or down lrffi1, changes tne stri ke of the bul1et 26cm at 100 meters One fu11 turn an the front sight post moves the stri ke of the bull et 2Dcm' when f; ri ng at 100 meters. Front si gnt post changes sho~ld be ver'i fied by a group of four indi vidua I 1y aimed shots. After the weapon ha,s been zeroed" tne Dld mark s"'ould be removed and a new one written in. ~

a

Firing the AK-47: Place the s~lector on the desired positfon (automati c mi dd1e positi Din and sem.i-automati clower positi on) (fig 12). Aim usi ng a nonna 1 sight pi'cture and pull the tri gger ~

~

with the metal stock can a.150 be fired with the stock fo1ded~ This is done by pressing the stock latch located on the left rear of the receiver (fi 9 13) swi ng,ing the stock down beneath the ~eapDn {fig 14). This position is used mainly by airborfle and armor units., The AK-47'

~

Ill111edi ate ac ti 0 n : For ij ru naway' gun ~ keep the ri. fl e poi n ted up a,nd down range unt i ~ a 11 a,mmuni t ion is e xpen ded Cl ea r the: wea.poTl and II

ins,pect it to' detE!rmine the caus~ of the ma1 fune,tiol'l.. Immediate action for a m~sfi re is to, keep th~ ri fle pointed down range for at least one minute. Then pull the operating handle to the rear and eject the n~isf;red ro-und~ Load a new round and attempt to fi re i't.

If it does no,t fire~ wait one minute and then IJnload the rifle. spect to determine the caus:e of tfle malfunction.

In-

Unloading: Remove the magazine by pressing the magazifle catch (fig, 15) toward the magaz;ne; then swing the magazine forward and out of the receiver.. Pull the operating handle fully to the reart inspect the chamber and receiver. If no cartridge is present, release the operating hand1e and pull the tri-gger (fig 16). Zeroing; Set the rear sight for the desired range by pressing in on the s1id-e catch and moving the s1ide bar along the 1eaf until the frolnt edge of the bar is al igned with the 1ine below the number that correspDnds with the range in meters (fig 17).. The froflt sight just for elevatiDn.

in or out Df its base' to adThe wrench in the combination tool kit is used

post

c:a.n be scrE!wed

5

6

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FIGURE 7.

AK-47

~

MAGAZINE

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FIGURE 9~

-

INSERTING MAGAZINE

1.

MAGAZINE LUG

2.

MAGAZIN E W'Ell

_,,)11

2

".,.

F I GIURE 8.i 1

LOADING MAGAZIJtE

& 2.

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FEED LIPS

FIGURE 10. 1

OPE RAT ING

HAN DLE B

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FIGURE 13.

FIGURE 11.

SELECTOR IN FIRING

POSITION

FOLD I~lG STOCK

1.

STOCK

2,.

STOCK. LATCH

1

A .

.

-

.

...,..

~~

FIGURE 14~ FIGURE

12.

SELECTOR IN FIRING

1.

AUTO~ATIC

2.

SEMIAUTor.IATI 9

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FIGU'RE

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HANDLE

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OPERATING

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FIGURE

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MAG/lZ I r~E CATCH

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FIGIURE 1'5.

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REAR SI BHT

1.

SLIDE

CATC~

29

SLIDE

BAR,

3.

LEAF

4~

BAR FRONT EDGE

5..

NUMBERS

3

SECTION TV.

DISASSEMBLY

Unloading and clearing the AK-47: Remove the magazine and pull the operating handl e fully to the rear Inspect, the chamber and rE!cei ver to insure no cartridges ar-e present" Relea,se the operating handle and pull the trigger (fig 20}. ~

Remove the bolt cover: spr';ng guide (fig 21) into

2

in~ lift

Press the serrated end of the driving the bolt cover~ and while holding the guide off the bolt cover! rear end first {fig 22).

Remove the driving spring assemb ly: Push forwa,rd on the end of the driving spri ng guide (f';g, 23) di sengaging it from its seat in the rear of the receiver (fig 24); the'n pull the ccmpl ete driving spring assembly out of the bolt carrier (fig 25). ~

fIGURE

i!

-

18,

FRONT SIGHT SiGHT

Pull the operati ng ha,nd1 e fully' to the carrier' sl ightly upward (fig 27) and then remove the bolt and carrier by pulling it to the rear (fig 28)k Remove bolt and carrier: r~ar (fig 25}~ lift the bolt

1.

fRONT

POST

2~

BASE

3. 4.

COMB:JNATION TOOL CYl.INDRI CAl POST MOUrn

RemDve the bolt

from the carrier: Press the bol t into the carrier (fig 29) until the bolt operating lug can be twisted fre,e of i't'S cam p'a,th iTl the carr; er (fig 30)~, Pull the bol t stra.ight forward and out of the carrier (fig 31). Rem-ove -gas cyl inder

~'

ward (fig

tube; Rotate the gas cy11Tlder tube 1DCk up32 and 33) to free the gas cylinder tube. Pull up on the

rea r of the hand guard

and r'emove tne

1

.

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FIGURE

19~,

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a

FRONT SIGHT

1.

FRONT SIGHT BASE

2.

SPECIAL TDOl ~3

14

tube

(fi g 34) II

3 SECTION

IV.

DISASSEMBLY

Un1oadi ng and c,l earing

the AK-47: Remove the magazi ne and pull the ope-rati ng handle fully to the re'ar. Inspect the chamber and r-ecei \I'er to insure, no cartr idQeS are present. Relea,se the op-erating handle and pull the trigger, (fig 20). Remove t~e bolt cover: Press the serrated end of the driving spring guide (fig 21) into the bolt cover, and while holding the guide in!8 1ift off the bol t cover, rear end first {fig 22) ~

the driving spring assembly: Push forward on the end of the driving spring guide (fig 23), disengagi,ng it from i:ts seat in the rear of the receiver (f';g 24); the,n pull' the c.OOlplete driving spring assembly out of the bolt carrier (fig 25). Remove

F1 [iURE 18.

FRONT SIGHT

Pull the OPerati ng handle fullr to the rear (fig 2-5)~ lift the bolt carrier slightl,y upwar'd (fig 27) and tl1en remove thE: bolt and carrier by pulling it to the rear (fig 28). RemDve b-olt and carrier: ,

1. .

FRONT'S I GHT POST

2. 3. 4.

BASE C,OMBINATIONTOOL CYLINDRICAL POST MOUNT

R~mnve the bolt

from the carrier: Press the bolt into the carrier' (fig 29) until the bolt operating 1ug carl be twisted fre'e of i't-s eam pa,th in the carr; er (fig 30) Pull the bol t straigl1t forward. a.nd ~

out of the carrier :::

~

,

(fig

31).

Remove gas cyllnder

tube; Rotate the gas cylinder tube lock upward (fig 32 and 33} to free the gas cylinder tube. Pull up on the rear' of the hand guard and r'emove the tube (fi g 34).

~ -.

1 2,

-..

1 ~

Fl G,URE 19~

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FRONT SIGHT

1.

FRONT SIGHT BASE

2.

SPE CI Al.

TOOL 13

14

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j FIGURE 20.

ClfARING

FIGURE 22.

THE AK-47

1.

PoECHYEP.

2.

CHPJ.1BER

REMOVING BOtT COVER

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FIGURE 23. FIGURE 21.

DRIVING

SPRING

DRIVING SPRING GUIOf

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FIGURE 2A.

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{HSENGAGINGf}PJ\fING

SPRING

FIGURE 26.

OPEAATING HANDLE

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FIGURE 25.

REMOVING ORI VING SPRING ASSEfilJL Y

Fi GUP.E 27. 17

LI FTl t{G BOLT OiRRI ER 18

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F1GURE 28.

OF'r R,Il"n m; :.t;G

R910VING CARRIE~

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FIGURE

2~.

REr10VING BOLT

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fIGURE

11.

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FIGURE 33.

REMOViNG HAND GUARD

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TUBE LOCK UPWARD

21

2:2

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~~'~ SECi 10M If,

First,

REASSEMBLY

En~age the front open;n9 of the gas cyl h14:ler tube with the

g~s cylinder' (fig 35). Then swt the rear of the tube into the rear sight base (fig 36). Rotate the gas cylinder tube loci< doW"t1 to its lock positiDn R~p'ace

\f1g 37). ,

thee bolt:

Slide

the spindTe

of the bolt

lflto

the carrier

{fig 38} an
the front

en d 0 f t h-e:bolt

ENGJi,GI ~JGruBE

cove r

i~to the circ~lar grooves in the rear sight base (fig 4S}. Apply t oomh pre~ su re ove-r the- squ a re 0(11e in t h.€orea r of the cove r {fi 9 46), press down and forward until through the ha'e (fig 47).

the e.nd of tile: driving

spring

guide

snaps

~

~-- ~!r

~

t

JI

~

23

36.

~

".-

- -.- J ~~

I

I

fIGURE

t

,

~

TUBE SEATED

2~

c;","_£ -

FI GU~E 37.

~

---

GAS CYLINGER TUBE IN LOCK POSITlor~

t

...~-- ~ -

-

81111J,"",,""

~-

-

- --~ "1

=-_c:

"

,.,- L~r---Jf

I:

~

I .,...,

:

- - -

~-

or

.;,

_.-

~

,-

f

.

..

-

l

.-;

;!J

J

~ ,.

"

~

fI(;HRE 39.

BOLT

In CARRiER

~. -~ ,

~-

.;iLg

- -:- - "-1/ -- r(-~" ~~

.

~

r.

FIGURE 38.

REPl,o.cmG THE BOLT

1.

SPWDLE

2.

CARRIER :;'5

FIGURE &0.

REPV,CING SOLT CARRIER 26

~f.o. ~

r.

FIGUHE 41.

CUT IN RECEI VER

FIGURE 43.

r--

REPLACING DRIVING SPRi~G

-\

~ FiGURE 44. fI GURE 42.

[)RIVWG

SPRWG GUIDE SLOT

CAP.RIER SEATED

"}7

21:1

~.

J

FIGURE 45.

REPLACING BOLT COVER

1.

FRDrH OF COVER

2.

CIRCULAR GROOVE

~ .

~~.,

t. 't'-''''

.

---=I"'~ ~*"._-....

.JI . c'

/~~

-

',T. .i1"".,. 1::-,....... ".Y~.

..

.

."-

...

.....

nGURE 47 .

BatT C.DVERSEATED

. FIGURE 46.

HOLE Tft REAR OF covrR

~9

ao

SECTION

The following AK-47: (fig 48).

accessories

VI.

ACCESSORIES

will

be issued

w~en available

with the ...

--

I'

~

1.

)8

Cnmbinat ion Tool Kit

~

..

2~

..

Bayonet ...

3.

51 i,ng

4.

Bl ank Fi ri ng Dev; ce

5~

Night Sighting

.,

.

~.

,.

Device

B1ank flring device: The blank firing device is installed by pressing in t,he muzzle nut 'ocking plunger (f'ig 51), unscr'e;wing the muzz1e nut by turning it clockwise and replacing it with the device (fig 52). It is removed the same way as the muzzle nut4

..

FIGURE 48.

i ti on may be fi re:cj when the blank f1 r.. ing device is in place. Do not use the cap of the combination teol kit as a blank firing device~ On 1y

...

W

Night Sighting Device: The night sighting device (f'i9 49) is attached by snaJJPing it oVler the sight~ It carl be moved out of the way in order to use conventional sights in the daytime. To use this device~ align the luminous dots (fig 50) over each other and on the targets aim and fire.

CAUTION:

"'~

b1 afl k dlm1un

Hand gr~nad~ latJncher: The hand grenade la,uncher is insta 11 ed by removi ng the muzzle nut (fig 53) a,nd screwing the launcher nnto the weapoTl (fi 9 54):. To fire

the grenade~, ;In-sert a. grenade with the pili Plulled into the lalJnc,ner- CAUTION: A specia.l type cartridge is used for firing

AK-47 ACCESSORIES

1.

COMBINATION

2~

BAYONET

3.

SLING

4.

BLANK FIRING

5.

NIGHT SIGHT1NG

TOOL K.IT'

DEVICE DEVICE.

the grenade Place the blJtt Q,f the weapon on the ground a.fld fire from thi s posi'ti Dn~ The maximum effect; ve range th-e grenade can be fired is 150 meters. ~

The bayonet (fig' 55) is af'fixed by positioning its loops In front of the mUlZ 1 e nut and gas cy1i nlde r body! and s 1i ding the bayonet to the rea,r unti 1 the bayonet catch engages the muzzle. nut (fi'9 56). The bayonet i:5 removed by pu11i ng the catch, loc:ated lJehi nd the hi 1t away from the hand,le and 51idi ng the bayorTlet forward and Dff.

~

Pl asti c magazi ne: The So:viet AK-47 metal magazine is gradua 1ly being repl aced by the pl astic magazine (f'; 9 57) which is 1i:ghter than the metal. The 'Plastic magazine, be-cause' it is 1ight we;'ght and: waterP'roof!t is used mainly by mar;nes~ airbDrne an-d armor -units. 31

32

/1

~2

FIGURE 51.

FIGURE 49.

LOCKING PLUNGER

NIGHT SIGHTING DEVICE

1.

FRONT

2.

REAR

1

FIGURE

FIGURE

SO~

LU~'INOUS

1..

FRONT

2~

REAR

52~

BlAHK

FIRING

DOTS

33

34

DEVICE

f

FI GURE 5:3

+

r~UZZl [

-

FIGURE

NUT

~

55~ BAYONET

2

.. ~

a

I FIGURE 56.

fIGURE

54.

BAYONET

1~

MUZZLE

NUT

2..

GAS TUBE

3.

LOOP

LAUNCHER

35

36

SECTION

VI I.,

MAINTENANCE

Car~ and cleaning: The AK-47 rifle must be kept in proper work; ng order a nd be ready for act i on . Th; s is achi eved by time ly and capable cleaning and lubricatin9~ The AK-47 assault During

preparation

--- J\fter firing

rifle

should be cleaned:

for fi ring.

with ball

and blank cartridges. The rece;:veT~ bores ch.ambe r, gas p; s ton!t s 1; de and: bo tare e 1eaned an dIu bri' cated i lm1ediately after firin9~ Final cleaning takes place daily over the next th re-e or four days.. 1

- - - Duri ng

comba t s i tuati on a,ndin ing noncombat action periods. .a ny

extended exerc i se; da i 1y du'r-

--- No less than once a week if the rifle is not used. Oil should be pl aced o,nly on we'l cl eaned and dry metal surfaces ;fTlJlediately after cleaning so that moisture is not allowed to form on the metal..

FIGURE 57.

PlASTI (: MAGAZINE

37

38

SECTION VII.

MAINTENANCE

Care and clean1~g: The AK-47 ing -order and be ready for action~ capable cleaning and lubricating. The AK-47 assault

--~ During preparation

rifle

must be kept in proper WorkThis;s achieved by timely and

rifle

should be cleaned:

for firing.

--- After firing

with ball and blank cartridges~ The receiver, bor'e, chambe r" gas pis ton ~ s 1 ; de and bo1 tare e 1 eane,d an d I1Jbr; cated ; 1I111ediately after firing.. Final cleaning takes place daily over the next three or four daY5 ~

---

Durin9 any combat situation ing noncombat action periods.

and in extended exerci5~;

daily dur-

--- No less than once a week. if the rifle is no,t used.. Oi 1 should be pl aced QnTy on well cleaned and dry metal surface'S irrrnediately after' cleaning 50 that moisture 15 not allowed to form on the metal.

FIGURE 57~

PLASTIC MAGAZINE

31'

38

SECTION VIII.

SERVICE AND TRAINING

AMMUNITION

The AK--47 au.tomatic

round$ weight fi r;nQ settings. 1.

rifle fires the 7..62x39nrn rDund~ M1943. The have varying construction depending upon thei'r purpose. Th~ Df the bull ets and their muzz1e velocity are select,~d 50 that with the different bullets can be co"duct~d w; th the same s iQht .Ammunition is divided intQ servic.e and auxiliary type-s.

Service

armlunition and its use

Service

armluni'tion

...

~..

......

is, divided

int,o ball

cartridges

a.nd: spec: ia 1

purpose cartridges~ Ba11 armun; t i on i s used t.o en gage; enemy pe rscnn e 1

Special

amnunition,

d~pending

upon its

.

constructiont

;s designed

for target indication and correction of fire~ i g'niting f'uel and high1y inflarrmab1-e objects I and for destroY1ing 1ightly armored ta,rgets~ Tracer cartridge-s

are designed for target

i ndi cati on fi re adjustment t s i' gna 1 purposes and engag ;ng personne 1 . Tra.cer bu 11et scan; g.. nite straw roofs dry gra,ss![ etc. T'he path of the bu1l et is i:ndi cate:d DY a red f1 aIDe:. The fl ame can De seen for a di stance of 100 meters ~

~

4

AP-incendiary

cartridge5

are used to destroy

1; ne} and fOT' des t royi ng targets

fuel

{kero$ene,

gaso-

pr'otected by thi n armor' p' ati n9 at

ra.nges up to 300 meters. Incendiary 3 mi 11imeter5

ca.rtridge5 thi ex...

ar~ u5ed to destroy

Incendi ary cartrl

fuel in iroln tanks up to

dge s also

canta; n a tracer

e 1e-

ment.. The pat,h of the bullet is indicated by a red flame which can be seen day or night~, I t can be seen for a di sta nee up to 700 meters.

2.

Training !wrm.Inition:t

purpose_~n:ld

Aconstruction

Training: antnunition ine1udes drilled

and blank 7._6ZI1Trt rounds,M1943..

Dr; 11-ed rounds -are designed

f'or tra;:ning in loading case there arE! longitudinal

and fi ring.. grooves, and

On the body or the cartridge on the cartridge caSE! mouth there are marks from the c1amping device. The primer is p;erced~ There is no pr:opel 1ant in the ca,rtridge case. Bl:ank ca,rtridges tacti ca 1 e,xerc i ses mouth ;s sea,led by a closer than 10 meters are being fired., ..

are designed for simulating

fi re and are used in

There i"S TlObull et in the bl an k ca,rtri dge5 . The star (rosette) crimp. It is dangercus to stand away from the rllJzzle f'ace when b1ank cartridges

39