Coleoptera of the Seychelles Islands (Faunistica)

The Coleoptera of the Seychelles islands Edited by JJustin ustin G Gerlach erlach 1 The Coleoptera of the Seychelles ...

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The Coleoptera of the Seychelles islands Edited by JJustin ustin G Gerlach erlach

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The Coleoptera of the Seychelles islands Edited by Justin Gerlach

Soﬁa–Moscow 2009

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Seychelles Fauna Monographs The Indian Ocean Biodiversity Assessment 2000-2005 reviewed the biogeography of the Seychelles islands through systematic collecting of all taxonomic groups. Biodiversity collecting for this assessment started in 2000 under a Memorandum of Understanding with the Seychelles government with taxonomic support from 87 expert taxonomists in 20 countries. These taxonomists reported the identiﬁcation of a large number of previously undescribed species and the material initiated taxonomic revisions of most of the groups concerned. These revisions are being published in widely dispersed academic journals, most of which are not available in Seychelles. The only comprehensive taxonomic treatments available cover dicotyledon plants and vertebrates. The information generated by the project has been collated into a monographic series on the Seychelles fauna. The aim of these monographs is to disseminate taxonomic information in a form that can be easily utilised by future workers in the region and by conservationists and researchers in Seychelles. This high quality biodiversity information is essential for future sustainable biodiversity management. Further details of the Indian Ocean Biodiversity Assessment can be found on the Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles web-site: http://islandbiodiversity.com.

Cover photo:

First published 2009 ISBN 978-954-642-498-3 (paperback) ISBN 978-954-642-499-0 (e-book) Pensoft Series Faunistica No 88 ISSN 1312-0174

© PENSOFT Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Pensoft Publishers Geo Milev Str. 13a, Soﬁa 1111, Bulgaria Fax: +359-2-870-42-82 e-mail: [email protected] www.pensoft.net

Printed in Bulgaria, August 2009

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Contents Contributors

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Introduction

4

History of beetle research in Seychelles

6

Classiﬁcation of Seychelles Coleoptera

6

Systematic section

11

Water beetles

11

Terrestrial beetles

35

Red Listing

210

Index

241

Colour plates

261

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The Coleoptera of the Seychelles islands Edited by Justin Gerlach Contributors Juanita A. Forrester – Department of Entomology, 455 Biological Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2603, USA Justin Gerlach – Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles, PO Box 207, Victoria, Mahé, Seychelles Pier Mauro Giachino – Museo Regionale Di Scienze Naturali, Via Giolitti 36, 10123 Torino, Italy Matthew L. Gimmel – Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA Manfred A. Jäch – Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria Wenhua Lu – The Conservation Agency, 6 Swinburne Street, Jamestown, RI 02835, USA Joseph V. McHugh – Department of Entomology, 455 Biological Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2603, USA Michael Madl – Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria Charles W. O’Brien – Center for Biological Control, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307-4100, USA Frank W. Pelsue, Jr. – 1556 Iris Grove Drive, Corona, CA 92881-4049, USA Darren A. Pollock – Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130 USA Floyd W. Shockley – Department of Entomology, 413 Biological Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2603, USA Eduard Vives – Centre Cultural Caixa Terrassa, Rambla d’Egara, 340-08221, Barcelona, Spain Introduction The Seychelles islands comprise 115 islands in the western Indian Ocean. These form two main groups; the northern granitic islands and the southern, coralline islands (Fig. 1-2). The southern islands are less than 10m above sea level, representing raised coral atolls or sand cays. This results in limited habitat variation and correspondingly low species diversity. The granitic islands (Fig. 2) are the remnants of the Seychelles microcontinent which was isolated following the break-up of Gondwanaland 65-100 million years ago. These are high islands reaching 905 metres above sea level. This results in great habitat diversity and high rainfall, contribution to the growth of diverse rain forest habitats. The following account concerns all species of beetle (Coleopteraa) recorded in the islands. The Coleoptera of Seychelles comprise 860 species (506 endemic, 319 indigenous, 35 introduced). The highest level of diversity is found on Mahé (556 species, 343 endemic), Silhouette (468 species, 318 endemic), Praslin (148 species, 106 endemic) and Aldabra (122 species, 40 endemic). Small islands have lower levels of diversity, although some near larger islands may have numerous species (e.g. Long island near Mahe has 64 species, 24 endemic). Low levels of diversity are found on the smaller coral islands (e.g. Desroches 11 species, none endemic, Cosmoledo 12, 1 endemic). The indigenous species are predominantly regional endemics (25% found in the Western Indian Ocean), Asian (21%) or African (19%). Much smaller proportions are more widespread: 9% pantropical and 7% palaeotropical. Only 5% are cosmopolitan or Indo-Paciﬁc in distribution. Distributions are given and the conservation status discussed using the IUCN Red List criteria. Non-native species have not been assessed. Representative species from each of the families recorded in Seychelles are illustrated in Fig. 3-5.

5

50E

55E

Denis Bird

granitic islands Remire D'Arros St. Joseph Boudeuse Desnoeufs Alphonse Bijoutier

5S Platte Desroches Poivre Marie Luise Coetivy St. Francois

Aldabra Assumption

Cosmoledo Astove

Providence 10S Farquhar

Fig. 1 The Seychelles islands

55° 30

Aride Curieuse

North

Cousin Cousine

Silhouette

Grande soeur

La Digue Praslin 4° 30

St. Anne Cerf Mahé

Fregate

20km

Fig. 2 The granitic islands

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History of beetle research in Seychelles The ﬁrst Seychelles beetle to be described was Pulposipes herculeanus Solier, 1848. The origins of this specimen is not known, it was labelled ‘Bengal’. This ﬁrst species to be described from a specimen deﬁnitely colleced in Seychelles was Parastasia coquereli Fairmaire, 1869, based on a specimen collected by Ch. Coquerel between 1848 and 1852. The ﬁrst signiﬁcant collections were made by W.L. Abbott in the southern atolls (1890, 1893) and Ch. Alluaud in the granitic islands (1892). Collections were made by A. Voeltzkow’s expedition on Aldabra in 1889 and on Mahé and Silhouette by A. Brauer in 1895-6 who gave particular attention to the beetle fauna. The largest collection of Seychelles species was made by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions of 1905 and 1908-9. Small collections were made by Desmond Vesey-Fitzgerald in 1945 and E.S. Brown in 1952. Large series of beetles were collected in the southern atolls by the Royal Society Expedition of 1967-8. The present publication reviews the historical data on all the Seychelles Coleoptera, with the addition of data from the comprehensive surveys of all islands undertaken as part of the Indian Ocean Biodiversity Assessment 2000-2005.

Classiﬁcation of Seychelles Coleoptera Order and families are listed in the order of the classiﬁcation below. For convenience the fauna is divided into two non-phylogenetic sections: water beetles and terrestrial beetles. Water beetle families are marked with an asterisk. ORDER COLEOPTERA Linnaeus, 1758 Suborder ADEPHAGA Schellenberg, 1806 GYRINIDAE Latreille, 1810 NOTERIDAE Thomson, 1860 DYTISCIDAE Leach, 1815 CARABIDAE Latreille, 1802 Suborder POLYPHAGA Emery, 1886 Series STAPHYLINIFORMIA Lameere, 1900 Superfamily HYDROPHILOIDEA Latreille, 1802 HYDROPHILIDAE Latreille, 1802 HISTERIDAE Gyllenhal, 1808 Superfamily STAPHYLINOIDEA Latreille, 1802 HYDRAENIDAE Mulsant, 1844 PTILIIDAE Erichson, 1845 SCYDMAENIDAE Leach, 1815 STAPHYLINIDAE Latreille, 1802 Series SCARABAEIFORMIA Crowson, 1960 Superfamily SCARABAEOIDEA Latreille, 1802 LUCANIDAE Latreille, 1804 SCARABAEIDAE Latreille, 1802 Series ELATERIFORMIA Crowson, 1960 Superfamily SCIRTOIDEA Fleming, 1821 SCIRTIDAE Fleming, 1821 Serfamily BUPRESTOIDEA Leach, 1815 BUPRESTIDAE Leach, 1815

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a

b

d

c

e

f

l g

h

i k

j

m o

n

q p

r

s

t u

w

v x

y

Fig. 3 Representative species of Seychelles Adephaga, Staphyliformia, Scarabaeiformia and Elateriformi. a) Gyrinidae, b) Noteridae, c) Dytiscidae, d) Carabidae, e) Hydrophilidae, f ) Histeridae, g) Hydraenidae, h) Ptiliidae, i) Scydmaenidae, j) Staphylinidae, k) Lucanidae, l) Scarabaeidae, m) Scirtidae, n) Buprestidae, o) Ptilodactylidae, p) Elmidae, q) Dryopidae, r) Limnichidae, s) Heteroceridae, t) Callirhipidae, u) Throscidae, v) Eucnemidae, w) Elateridae, x) Lampyridae, y) Cantharidae

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Superfamily DRYOPOIDEA Billberg, 1820 PTILODACTYLIDAE Laporte, 1836 Superfamily BYRROIDEA Latreille, 1804 ELMIDAE Curtis, 1830 DRYOPIDAE Billberg, 1820 LIMNICHIDAE Erichson, 1846 HETEROCERIDAE MacLeay, 1825 CALLIRHIPIDAE Emden, 1924 Superfamily ELATEROIDEA Leach, 1815 THROSCIDAE Laporte, 1840 EUCNEMIDAE Eschscholtz, 1829 ELATERIDAE Leach, 1815 LAMPYRIDAE Latreille, 1817 CANTHARIDAE Imhoff, 1856 Series BOSTRICHIOFORMIA Forbes, 1926 Superfamily BOSTRICHOIDEA Latreille, 1802 JACOBSONIIDAE Heller, 1926 DERMESTIDAE Latreiile, 1804 BOSTRICHIDAE Latreille, 1802 ANOBIIDAE Fleming, 1821 Series CUCUJIFORMIA Lameere, 1938 Superfamily LYMEXYLONIODEA Fleming, 1821 LYMEXYLIDAE Fleming, 1821 Superfamily CLEROIDEA Latrielle, 1802 TROGOSSITIDAE Latreille, 1802 CLERIDAE Latreille, 1802 MELYRIDAE Leach, 1815 Superfamily CUCUJOIDEA Latreille, 1802 SPHINDIDAE Jacquelin du Val, 1860 NITIDULIDAE Latreille, 1802 MONOTOMIDAE Laporte, 1840 SILVANIDAE Kirby, 1837 CUCUJIDAE Latreille, 1802 LAEMOPHLOEIDAE Ganglbauer, 1899 PROPALTICIDAE Crowson, 1952 PHALACRIDAE Leach, 1815 CRYPTOPHAGIDAE Kirby, 1837 BOTHRIDERIDAE Erichson, 1845 CERYLONIDAE Billberg, 1820 DISCOLOMATIDAE Horn, 1878 ENDOMYCHIDAE Leach, 1815 COCCINELLIDAE Latreille, 1807 CORYLOPHIDAE LeConte, 1852 LATRIDIIDAE Erichson, 1842 Superfamily TENEBRIONOIDEA Latreille, 1802 MYCETOPHAGIDAE Leach, 1815 CIIDAE Leach in Samouelle, 1819 MYCTERIDAE Blanchard, 1845

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a

c

b

h

g

e

f

k

l

d

i

j

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p

n q

r

m u s t

v y

w

x

Fig. 4 Representative species of Seychelles Bostrichioformia, Lymexyloniodea, Cleroidea and Cucujodiea. a) Jacobsonidae, b) Dermestidae, c) Bostrichidae, d) Anobiidae, e) Lymexylidae, f ) Trogossitidae, g) Cleridae, h) Melyridae, i) Sphindidae, j) Nitidulidae, k) Monotomidae, l) Silvanidae, m) Cucujidae, n) Laemophloeidae, o) Salpingidae, p) Propalticidae, q) Phalacridae, r) Cryptophagidae, s) Bothrideridae, t) Cerylonidae, u) Discolomatidae, v) Endomychidae, w) Coccinellidae, x) Corylophidae, y) Latridiidae

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MORDELLIDAE Latreille, 1802 COLYDIIDAE Erichson, 1842 MONOMMATIDAE Blanchard, 1845 TENEBRIONIDAE Latreille, 1802 OEDEMERIDAE Latreille, 1810 PYROCHROIDAE Latreille, 1807 ANTHICIDAE Latreille, 1819 ADERIDAE Winkler, 1927 Superfamily CHRYSOMELOIDEA Latreille, 1802 CERAMBYCIDAE Latreille, 1802 CHRYSOMELIDAE Latreille, 1802 Superfamily CURCULIONOIDEA Latreille, 1802 ANTHRIBIDAE Billberg, 1820 ATTELABIDAE Billberg, 1820 BRENTIDAE Billberg, 1820 CURCULIONIDAE Latreille, 1802 a

g

b

c

d

h

j

i

l m

n

f

e

k

p o

q

Fig. 5 Representative species of Seychelles Tenebrionoidea, Chrysomeloidea and Curculionoidea. a) Mycetophagidae, b) Ciidae, c) Mycteridae, d) Mordellidae, e) Colydiidae, f ) Monommatidae, g) Tenebrionidae, h) Oedemridae, i) Pyrochroidae, j) Anthicidae, k) Aderidae, l) Cerambycidae, m) Chrysomelidae, n) Anthribidae, o) Attelabidae, p) Brentidae, q) Curculionidae

11 1. WATER BEETLES OF SEYCHELLES (COLEOPTERA)

M.A. Jäch & M. Madl This chapter is dedicated to our friend and colleague Stefan Schödl († 2005), who was supposed to publish this contribution together with us. Stefan successfully explored the water beetle fauna of the Seychelles in 1996 when he collected for instance the holotype of Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Ruta, 2008. Stefan’s early death has left a big gap in water beetle research. Introduction Ecologically, water beetles are most diverse. They can live in almost all kinds of aquatic habitats, such as rivers, springs, lakes, ditches, puddles, phytotelmata, seepages, ground water, etc. However, they do not inhabit the oceans, although some species dwell at sea shores in the intertidal zone. Six ecological groups of water beetles were deﬁned by Jäch (1998): 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

6)

“True Water Beetles” (at least partly submerged for most of the time in the adult stage). “False Water Beetles” (submerged for most of the time in the larval stage; adults terrestrial). “Phytophilous Water Beetles” (living and feeding on water plants (mono- or oligophagous), submerged for at least some time in any developmental stage). “Parasitic Water Beetles” (like Phytophilous Water Beetles, but their hosts are aquatic mammals). “Facultative Water Beetles” (actively submerged (occasionally or regularly) or actively dwelling on the water surface (occasionally or regularly) for a limited period of time, e.g. while hunting, feeding, seeking refuge, etc. during any of their developmental stages in at least one population). “Shore Beetles” (riparian, living close to the water’s edge during all their developmental stages, not entering water voluntarily or actively, they may get submerged regularly or irregularly during spates or tides).

According to Jäch & Balke (2008), True Water Beetles, False Water Beetles, and Phytophilous Water Beetles are considered as “aquatic” in the strict sense whereas Facultative Water Beetles, Parasitic Water Beetles, and Shore Beetles are termed “paraquatic”. Water beetles do not form a phylogenetic unit. In fact, aquatic and paraquatic representatives are found in at least 50 different families of Coleoptera. In Seychelles, nine beetle families are known to include aquatic/paraquatic representatives: Dytiscidae, Elmidae, Gyrinidae, Heteroceridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Limnichidae, Noteridae, and Scirtidae. All Seychellois members of these nine families, including all terrestrial ones, are treated in this chapter. The dryopoid family Ptilodactylidae includes several False Water Beetles. However, the single ptilodactylid species known from Seychelles, Ptilodactyla scabrosa Champion, 1924, is most probably fully terrestrial and thus not listed herein. This species is endemic to the Inner Seychelles (Mahé, Silhouette). Several species of the genus Laius Guérin-Méneville (Malachiidae) are known to live on marine shores (Jäch 1998). However, nothing is known about the habitat of Laius sericatus Champion, 1924, endemic to the Inner Seychelles (Félicité). This species is thus not included in the present compilation.

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Table 1: Checklist of the water beetles of Seychelles, including ecological and distributional data. Abbreviations: A (Aldabra Group), Af (Afrotropical, incl. Malagasy Subregion), Au (Australian), C (Coëtivy), COS (Cosmopolitan), E (endemic), F (Farquhar), FAC (Facultative Water Beetle), FWB (False Water Beetle), H (hygrophyllic), HP (hygropetric), I (intertidal), IS (Inner Seychelles), M (Malagasy Subregion), O (Oriental), OS (Outer Seychelles), P (Palearctic), PH (Phytotelmata), R (Running Water), S (Stagnant Water), SB (Shore Beetle), TB (Terrestrial Beetle), TWB (True Water Beetle). Bold characters indicate Seychellois endemics Ecology Family DYTISCIDAE Copelatus aldabricus Balfour-Browne, 1950 Copelatus gardineri Scott, 1912 Copelatus pandanorum Scott, 1912 Cybister tripunctatus ssp. africanus Laporte, 1835 Eretes griseus (Fabricius, 1781) Hydaticus servillianus Aubé, 1838 Hydroglyphus capitatus (Régimbart, 1895) Hydroglyphus farquharensis (Scott, 1912) Hydrovatus acuminatus Motschulsky, 1859 Hyphydrus impressus Klug, 1833 Laccophilus addendus Sharp, 1882 Laccophilus posticus Aubé, 1838 Uvarus rivulorum (Régimbart, 1895) Uvarus sechellensis (Régimbart, 1897) ELMIDAE Microlara mahensis Jäch, 1993 GYRINIDAE Dineutus subspinosus (Klug, 1834) HETEROCERIDAE Heterocerus vulpes Grouvelle, 1906 HYDRAENIDAE Hydraena mahensis Scott, 1913 HYDROPHILIDAE Berosus bergrothi Régimbart, 1900 Berosus bidenticulatus Mulsant & Rey, 1859 Berosus cuspidatus Erichson, 1843 Berosus inermis Fairmaire, 1896 Berosus nudicollis Schödl, 1994 Bourdonnaisia mahensis Scott, 1913 Bourdonnaisia silhouettae Scott, 1913 Cercyon conjiciens (Walker, 1858) Cercyon fructicola Scott, 1913 Cercyon laticollis Régimbart, 1903 Cercyon nigriceps (Marsham, 1802) Chasmogenus mollis (Régimbart, 1903) Coelostoma punctulatum (Klug, 1833) Coelostoma rusticum Mouchamps, 1958 Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius, 1792) Dactylosternum pygmaeum Régimbart, 1903 Enochrus natalensis (Gemminger & Harold, 1868) Helochares nigrifrons Brancsik, 1893 Helochares sechellensis Régimbart, 1903 Paracymus alluaudianus Scott, 1913

IS

Distribution OS global

TWB/S TWB/R,S TWB/PH TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S

A

IS

M E E Af Af, Au, O, P Af M Af Af, O, P Af Af M M Af

TWB/R

IS

E

TWB/S

IS

Af

IS IS IS IS

SB TWB/HP,R,S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/H TWB/H TB TB TB TB TWB/S TWB?/S? TWB?/S? TB TB TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S TWB/S

A A C A F A A A A A

A IS

E A A A A A

IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS IS

Af

A A A C A C

M Af Af, P M M E E M, O M M COS M M Af COS M, O Af, Au, O, P M E ?E

13 Paromicrus atomus Scott, 1913 TB Paromicrus carinatus Scott, 1913 TB, ?FAC Paromicrus thomasseti Scott, 1913 TB, ?FAC TB Paroosternum degayanum Scott, 1913 Regimbartia inﬂata (Brullé, 1835) TWB/S LIMNICHIDAE Hyphalus crowsoni Hernando & Ribera, 2000 SB/I Hyphalus madli Hernando & Ribera, 2004 SB/I NOTERIDAE Canthydrus notula (Erichson, 1843) TWB/S Neohydrocoptus subvittulus seychellensis (Pederzani &TWB/S Sanﬁlippo, 1978) SCIRTIDAE FWB/?PH,?R,?S Cyphon biperforatus Champion, 1924 Cyphon insularius Champion, 1924 FWB/S,?PH,?R Cyphon mahensis Champion, 1924 FWB/?PH,?R,?S Scirtes conﬁnis Ruta, 2008 FWB/?PH,?R,?S Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Ruta, 2008 FWB/S Scirtes mahensis Ruta, 2008 FWB/?S Scirtes seychellensis Champion, 1924 FWB/S,?PH,?R

IS IS IS IS A

E E E M, O M

A

E E

A IS

Af, P E

IS IS IS IS IS IS IS

E E E E E E E

IS

Key to families (adults) (modiﬁed after Jäch & Balke 1998, and Balke, Jäch & Hendrich 2004 see http://www.wasserkaefer.de/Malaysia/Balke%20et%20al%20Malaysia%20Book.pdf ). Scirtidae are completely terrestrial in the adult stage and are therefore not included in this key. 1 Middle and hind legs strongly modiﬁed (short and ﬂat, oar-like), much shorter than forelegs. Head with two pairs of well developed eyes, one on dorsal side and one on ventral side. GYRINIDAE 2 Fore and middle legs never oar-like. Head with only one pair of eyes. 2 Dorsal surface of body more or less glabrous, only very sparsely pubescent. 3 Dorsal surface of body more or less densely pubescent. 6 3 Underside of body glabrous. Maxillary palpi short, inconspicuous. Antennae simple, more 4 or less ﬁliform. Underside of body largely pubescent. Maxillary palpi long, protruding. Antennae with 5 pubescent club. 4 Metacoxal process conspicuously elevated. NOTERIDAE Metacoxal process – if present – never conspicuously elevated. DYTISCIDAE 5 Pronotum more or less heart-shaped. Pubescent antennal club with ﬁve antennomeres. HYDRAENIDAE Pronotum never heart-shaped. Pubescent antennal club with three antennomeres. HYDROPHILIDAE 6 Body length: ca. 3-4 mm. Elytra vividly bicoloured, yellow and brown. Front tibiae strongly toothed. HETEROCERIDAE 7 Body length: ca. 1.0-2.8 mm. Elytra unicoloured, dark. Front tibiae not toothed. 7 Body length: ca. 2.6-2.8 mm. Antennomeres 1+2 forming a distinct shaft. ELMIDAE LIMNICHIDAE Body length: 1.0-1.3 mm. Antennae without distinct basal shaft. Family DYTISCIDAE The Afrotropical Rhantaticus congestus (Klug, 1832) was recorded from the Seychelles by Wewalka (1980: 724). However, this record is based on an error (G. Wewalka, pers. comm.).

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Copelatus aldabricus Balfour-Browne, 1950 (Plate 1) Copelatus pulchellus (Klug, 1834): Régimbart 1900: 50 (tax., distr.); Kolbe 1902: 574 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 260 (tax., distr.); Peschet 1917: 33 (cat.); Zimmermann 1920: 142 (cat.) Copelatus aldabricus Balfour-Browne 1950: 365 (cat.), 368 (descr.), 370 (ﬁgs. 5, 6); Guéorguiev 1968: 19 (tax., cat.); Guignot 1961: 705 (cat.), 709 (ﬁg. 615), 710 (descr.) Copelatus aldabricus Balfour-Browne, 1950: Nilsson, Billardo & Rocchi 1997: 22 (fig. 9), 33 (cat.) Copelatus (Copelatus) aldabricus Balfour-Browne, 1950: Nilsson 2001: 67 (cat.); Bameul 1984: 95 (distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from the Comoros, Madagascar and Réunion. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Copelatus gardineri Scott, 1912 (Plate 1) Copelatus gardineri Scott 1912: 257 (descr., biol.); Scott 1913: 196; Zimmermann 1920: 139 (cat.); Scott 1933: 341 (biol.); Guéorguiev 1968: 33 (tax., cat.), 35 (key); Guignot 1961: 741 (key), 742 (descr.); Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (cat.), 240 (tax., distr.), 241 (ﬁgs. 8-10); Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.); Starmühlner 1979: 641 (biol., distr.), 701, 703; Nilsson, Billardo & Rocchi 1997: 29 (ﬁg. 16), 35 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.); Gerlach 2003b: 18 (distr.) Copelatus (Pelocatus) Gardineri Scott, 1912: Peschet 1917: 27 (key), 28 (tax.) Copelatus (Liopterus) Gardineri Scott, 1912: Zimmermann 1919: 198 (cat.) Copelatus gardineri Scott, 1913 (!): Wewalka 1980: 723 (cat.), 724 (distr.) Copelatus (Copelatus) gardineri Scott, 1912: Nilsson 2001: 67 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Cousin: ﬁrst record, Denis: ﬁrst record, La Digue (La Reunion): ﬁrst record, Mahé (Anse Nord-D’Est, Beau Vallon, Mare aux Cochons, Morne Blanc, Morne Seychellois), Praslin (Anse Lazio, Cap Samy), Silhouette (Grande Barbe, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Stagnant water, especially in small pools near running water, and occasionally also in slowly running water with sandy bottom. Copelatus pandanorum Scott, 1912 Copelatus sp.: Scott 1910: 25 (biol.) Copelatus pandanorum Scott 1912: 258 (descr., biol., distr.), pl. 12 (ﬁg. 16); Zimmermann 1920: 141 (cat.); Scott 1933: 340 (biol.), 341; Guéorguiev 1968: 26 (tax., cat.), 27 (key); Guignot 1961: 728 (key), 729 (descr.); Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (cat.); Marlier 1979: 52 (biol., distr.); Wewalka 1980: 723 (cat.); Nilsson, Billardo & Rocchi 1997: 34 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.) Copelatus (Copelatus) pandanorum Scott, 1912: Peschet 1917: 28 (key), 33 (cat., biol.); Zimmermann 1919: 201 (cat.); Nilsson 2001: 67 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc), Praslin (Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Phytotelmata (water-ﬁlled leaf bases of Pandanus hornei and P. sechellarum). Cybister tripunctatus africanus Laporte, 1835 (Plate 1) Cybister tripunctatus Olivier, 1795: Linell 1897: 699 (distr.); Régimbart 1900: 50 (cat.); Kolbe 1902: 573 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 261 (tax., distr.) Cybister tripunctatus var. cinctus Sharp, 1882: Alluaud 1900: 72 (tax., cat.)

15

Cybister tripunctatus africanus Laporte de Castelnau, 1840: Kolbe 1902: 572 (distr.) Cybister tripunctatus aldabricus Kolbe 1902: 572 (descr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.) Cybisteter [sic] tripunctatus Olivier, 1795: Peschet 1917: 38 (tax.) Cybister tripunctatus var. aldabricus Kolbe, 1902: Zimmermann 1920: 266 (cat.) Cybister tripunctatus Olivier, 1795: Guignot 1961: 910-914 (key, descr.) Cybister tripunctatus africanus Castelnau, 1834: Guignot 1961: 910 (key), 911 (ﬁg. 813), 912 (descr.) Cybister (Cybister) tripunctatus africanus Laporte, 1835: Nilsson 2001: 90 (cat.) Cybister (Gschwendtnerhydrus) tripunctatus africanus Laporte de Castelnau, 1835: Bameul 1984: 97 (distr.) Distribution: Known from the Palearctic and Afrotropical Regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from the Comoros (Mayotte). Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Eretes griseus (Fabricius, 1781) (Plate 1) Dytiscus griseus Fabricius 1781: 293 (descr.) Eretes griseus (Fabricius, 1781): Miller 2002: 263 (distr.) Eretes sticticus (Linné, 1767): Linell 1897: 698 (distr.); Régimbart 1900: 50 (cat.); Kolbe 1902: 573 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 261 (tax., distr.); Peschet 1917: 37 (descr.); Zimmermann 1920: 216 (cat.); Guignot 1961: 774 (descr.), 775 (ﬁg. 671) Distribution: Known from the southern Palearctic, the Afrotropical Region, the Oriental Region, and the northern tip of Australia. Specimens recorded from Mauritius under the name Eretes sticticus (e.g. by Peschet 1917) might also belong to E. griseus. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Hydaticus servillianus Aubé, 1838 (Plate 1) Hydaticus leander (Rossi, 1790): Régimbart 1895: 196 (descr., distr.); Alluaud 1897: 213 (cat.); Kolbe 1910: 19 (cat.); Scott 1912: 260 (tax., distr.); Peschet 1917: 44 (key), 45 (tax.); Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Hydaticus servillianus Aubé, 1838: Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (cat.); Wewalka 1980: 723 (cat.) Hydaticus (Guignotites) servillianus Aubé, 1838: Nilsson 2001: 105 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from Madagascar. Inner Seychelles: La Digue, Mahé (Anse aux Pins, Anse Nord-D’Est), Silhouette: ﬁrst record (Grande Barbe). Outer Seychelles: Coëtivy. Habitat: Stagnant water. Hydroglyphus capitatus (Régimbart, 1895) Bidessus capitatus Régimbart, 1895: Scott 1912: 254 (descr., distr.), pl. 12 (ﬁg. 14); Peschet 1917: 4 (key), 5 (descr.) Bidessus (Bidessus) capitatus Régimbart, 1895: Zimmermann 1920: 49 (cat.) Guignotus capitatus (Régimbart, 1895): Guignot 1946: 245 (tax.); Guignot 1959a: 285 (ﬁg. 274), 290 (key), 291 (descr.); Pederzani 1982: 139 (distr., tax.), 141 (Figs. 5-8) Hydroglyphus capitatus (Régimbart, 1895): Biström 1988: 12 (cat.); Nilsson 2001: 121 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water.

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Hydroglyphus farquharensis (Scott, 1912) (Plate 1) Bidessus farquharensis Scott 1912: 255 (descr.), pl. 12 (ﬁg. 15); Peschet 1917: 4 (key), 8 (tax.) Bidessus (Bidessus) farquharensis Scott, 1912: Zimmermann 1920: 51 (cat.) Guignotus farquharensis (Scott, 1912): Guignot 1946: 238 (key), 1959a: 276 (key), 282 (descr.); Biström 1988: 12 (cat.) Hydroglyphus farquharensis (Régimbart, 1895): Nilsson 2001: 122 Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. Outer Seychelles: Farquhar Group: Farquhar. Habitat: Stagnant water. Hydrovatus acuminatus Motschulsky, 1859 (Plate 1) Hydrovatus humilis Sharp, 1882: Scott 1912: 253 (tax., distr.); Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (cat.); Wewalka 1980: 723 (cat.) Hydrovatus sordidus var. humilis Sharp, 1882: Peschet 1917: 15 (tax.); Zimmermann 1920: 36 (cat.) Hydrovatus (Vathydrus) humilis Sharp, 1882: Guignot 1959a: 125 (key), 129 (descr.), 132 (ﬁg. 100) Hydrovatus acuminatus Motschulsky, 1859: Biström 1997: 351 (descr., distr.), 356 (ﬁgs. 747-754), 358 (ﬁg. 755: map), 556 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Palearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental Regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from the Comoros, Madagascar and Mauritius. Inner Seychelles (ﬁrst conﬁrmed record): Mahé (Port Launay), Praslin (Cap Samy). Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Hyphydrus impressus Klug, 1833 (Plate 1) Hyphydrus impressus Klug, 1833: Régimbart 1900: 49 (distr.); Kolbe 1902: 574 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 257 (tax., distr.); Peschet 1917: 15 (key, descr.), 16 (ﬁg. 3); Zimmermann 1920: 41 (cat.); Biström 1982: 7, 11 (ﬁg. 6m), 107 (descr.), 109 (ﬁg. 106a–e) Hyphydrus (Aulacodytes) impressus Klug, 1833: Guignot 1959a: 77 (key, ﬁgs. 45, 46), 78 (descr.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Laccophilus addendus Sharp, 1882 (Plate 1) Laccophilus addendus Sharp, 1882: Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 253 (cat.); Bameul 1984: 89 (ﬁg. 5), 95 (distr.); Guignot 1959b: 570 (key), 573 (ﬁg. 521), 576 (descr.) Laccophilus addendus var. geminatus Régimbart, 1895: Régimbart 1900: 49 (distr.); Peschet 1917: 24 (key), 25 (descr.) Laccophilus addendus geminatus Régimbart, 1895: Kolbe 1902: 573 (distr.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar and Rodrigues. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water.

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Laccophilus posticus Aubé, 1838 Laccophilus posticus Aubé, 1838: Régimbart 1900: 50 (distr.); Kolbe 1902: 573 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1912: 253 (tax., distr.); Peschet 1917: 23 (key), 24 (descr.); Zimmermann 1920: 24 (cat.); Guignot 1959b: 570 (key), 572 (descr.), 573 (ﬁg. 516); Bameul 1984: 94 (distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar and Mauritius. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Uvarus rivulorum (Régimbart, 1895) (Plate 1) Bidessus rivulorum Régimbart 1895: 84 (descr.) Bidessus sp.: Scott 1912: 256 (descr., distr.); Peschet 1917: 13 (distr.) Uvarus rivulorum (Régimbart, 1895): Nilsson 2001: 139 Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded so far only from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles (ﬁrst record): Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Uvarus sechellensis (Régimbart, 1897) (Plate 1) Bidessus sechellensis Régimbart 1897: 208 (descr.); Alluaud 1897: 211 (cat.); Peschet 1917: 5 (key), 12 (descr.); Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Bidessus peringueyi Régimbart, 1895: Régimbart 1906: 244 (syn.); Scott 1912: 256 (tax.) Bidessus (Bidessus) peringueyi var. sechellensis Régimbart, 1897: Zimmermann 1920: 56 (cat.) Amarodytes (Uvarus) sechellensis (Régimbart, 1897): Guignot 1946: 248 (key), 249 (distr.) Uvarus sechellensis (Régimbart, 1897): Guignot 1959a: 295 (key), 297 (descr.), 308 (ﬁg. 279); Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (cat.), 240 (distr.); Wewalka 1980: 723 (cat.); Biström 1988: 10 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. Inner Seychelles: La Digue (La Reunion), Mahé (Marlier 1979), Praslin (Cap Samy), Silhouette: ﬁrst record (Anse Lascars). Habitat: Stagnant water. Key to Dytiscidae (adults) Species recorded from the Inner Seychelles. 2 Species recorded from the Outer Seychelles. 6 2 Body length: ca. 10 mm. Hydaticus servillianus 3 Body length: ca. 1.4-5.5 mm. 3 Body length: ca. 4.7-5.5 mm. Scutellum not concealed, visible in dorsal view. 4 Body length: ca. 1.4-2.7 mm. Scutellum concealed, not seen without dissection. 5 4 Elytra brown with transverse yellowish basal band and with yellowish subapical spots, without distinct striae. Copelatus gardineri Elytra unicoloured brown, with six striae. Copelatus pandanorum 5 Body length: ca. 2.1-2.7 mm. Body form almost globular. Hydrovatus acuminatus Uvarus sechellensis Body length: ca. 1.4-1.7 mm. Body form elongate. 6 Scutellum not concealed, visible in dorsal view. 7 Scutellum concealed, not seen without dissection. 10 Body length: ca. 5-6 mm. Eyes in anterior view laterally emarginate. 7 Copelatus aldabricus 8 Body length: ca. 10-30 mm. Eyes in anterior view laterally not emarginate. 1

18 8

9

10

11 12 13

14

Body length: 25-30 mm. Elytra black, with yellowish margin. Cybister tripunctatus ssp. africanus 9 Body length: 10-15 mm. Elytra yellowish, more or less densely speckled. Body length: ca. 10 mm. Eyes not protruding. Elytral apices not acuminate. Hydaticus servillianus Body length: ca. 10-15 mm. Eyes very large and protruding. Elytral apices acuminate, forming small denticles. Eretes griseus Fore- and middle tarsus with ﬁve distinct joints. Hind tarsomeres 1-4 with distinct apical lobes. Laccophilus addendus and L. posticus (these two species can be distinguished by the shape of the penis – see Guignot 1959b: ﬁgs. 516, 521) Fore- and middle tarsus appearing four-segmented (fourth joint small, concealed by third 11 joint). Hind tarsomeres 1-4 without distinct apical lobes. Body length: ca. 2-4 mm. Body form almost globular. 12 Body length: 1.5-2.3 mm. Body form elongate, subparallel. 13 Body length: ca. 2.1-2.7 mm. Elytra unicoloured. Hydrovatus acuminatus Hyphydrus impressus Body length: ca. 3-4 mm. Elytra with distinct colour pattern. Dorsal surface yellowish, with dark markings, head and pronotum basally distinctly 14 darkened. Dorsal surface more or less unicoloured, head and pronotum not darkened basally. Uvarus rivulorum Species found on Farquhar. Apex of penis wide, subtruncate (ventral or dorsal view). Hydroglyphus farquharensis Species found on Aldabra. Apex of penis acuminate (ventral or dorsal view). Hydroglyphus capitatus Family ELMIDAE

Microlara mahensis Jäch, 1993 (Plate 2) Microlara mahensis Jäch 1993: 15 (typ. gen., descr.), 16 (ﬁg. 1), 17 (ﬁgs. 2-4); Gerlach 2003b: 19 (distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Rivière du Cap, Congo Rouge, Casse Dent, La Reserve/Brulée). Habitat: Running water. Family GYRINIDAE Dineutus subspinosus (Klug, 1834) (Plate 1) Dineutus (Spinosodineutus) subspinosus (Klug, 1834): Gerlach 2003b: 18 (distr.) Dineutus subspinosus (Klug, 1834): Vinson 1967: 315 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from the Comoros (Moheli), Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius. Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Stagnant water.

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Family HETEROCERIDAE Heterocerus vulpes Grouvelle, 1906 (Plate 2) Heterocerus vulpes Grouvelle, 1906: Grouvelle 1913: 116 (distr.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Fresh water shores. Family HYDRAENIDAE Hydraena (Hydraenopsis) mahensis Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Hydraena (Hydraena) mahensis Scott 1913: 194 (cat.), 196 (descr.); Knisch 1924: 39 (cat.); Hansen 1998: 49 (cat.) Hydraena mahensis Scott, 1913: Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Hydraena (Hydraenopsis) mahensis Scott, 1913: Jäch, Beutel, Díaz & Kodada 2000: 116 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Anse aux Pins, Anse Royal, Grand St. Louis River, Sans Souci), Silhouette: ﬁrst record (Jardin Marron). Habitat: On Mahé this species was collected in running and stagnant water from the coast up to more than 600 m. A single female, very probably belonging to this species, was collected in 2007 by G. Wewalka at Jardin Marron (Silhouette) on a hygropetric rockface at about 400 m. Family HYDROPHILIDAE The Afrotropical Cercyon hova Régimbart, 1903 was recorded from the Seychelles by Bameul (1986: 888) and Hebauer (2003b: 17). However, this record is based on a data base error (F. Bameul, email of 5.XII.2007). Two species of Helochares Mulsant were erroneously recorded from the Seychelles: the West and Central African H. crenatostriatus Régimbart, 1903 (Hansen 1999b: 166), and the West African H. melanophthalmus Mulsant, 1844 (Hebauer 1996: 26; 2003a: 67). These records are based on confusion with H. nigrifrons (Régimbart 1903: 28; Scott 1913: 203). The taxonomy of three hydrophilid genera, Cercyon Leach, Coelostoma Brullé, and Dactylosternum Wollaston, is still unrevised. The records of the species listed herein were taken from the literature – some of these names still need to be conﬁrmed. Berosus (Berosus) bergrothi Régimbart, 1900 Berosus bergrothi Régimbart 1900: 51 (descr.); Alluaud 1900: 229 (cat.); Kolbe 1902: 574 (tax., distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Knisch 1924: 268 (cat.); Orchymont 1947: 735 (key) Berosus (Berosus) bergrothi Régimbart, 1900: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 200 (tax., distr.); Orchymont 1941: 15 (cat.); Schödl 1994b: 211 (cat.), 213 (key), 215 (descr., distr.), 237 (ﬁg. 7a, b), 240 (ﬁg. 27), 242 (ﬁg. 44: map); Hansen 1999b: 84 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra, Astove. Habitat: Stagnant water.

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Berosus (Berosus) nudicollis Schödl, 1994 Berosus (Berosus) nudicollis Schödl 1994b: 211 (cat.), 213 (key), 227 (descr.), 237 (ﬁg. 6a, b), 240 (ﬁg. 30), 242 (ﬁg. 44: map); Hansen 1999b: 91 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Berosus (Enoplurus) bidenticulatus Mulsant & Rey, 1859 Berosus (Enoplurus) prolongatus Fairmaire, 1868: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 199 (descr., distr.) Berosus (Enoplurus) bidenticulatus Mulsant & Rey, 1859: Knisch 1924: 262 (cat.); Orchymont 1941: 15 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 74 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Berosus (Enoplurus) cuspidatus Erichson, 1843 (Plate 2) Berosus (Enoplurus) acutispina Fairmaire, 1868: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 198 (tax., distr.) Berosus (Enoplurus) cuspidatus Erichson, 1843: Knisch 1924: 263 (cat.); Orchymont 1941: 15 (tax.); Balfour-Browne 1952: 136 (ﬁgs. 10-12), 137 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 75 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Palearctic and Afrotropical Regions. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Berosus (Enoplurus) inermis Fairmaire, 1896 Berosus (Enoplurus) inermis Fairmaire, 1896: Schödl 1994a: 142 (cat.), 145 (key), 157 (descr., distr.), 173 (ﬁg. 8a, b), 179 (ﬁg. 37), 181 (ﬁg. 78), 184 (ﬁg. 82: map); Hansen 1999b: 78 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Bourdonnaisia mahensis Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Bourdonnaisia mahensis: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 215 (typ. gen., descr., biol.), pl. 14 (ﬁg. 12); Knisch 1924: 115 (cat.); Scott 1926: 4 (tax.); Scott 1933: 329 (biol.), 343; Hansen 1991: 207 (descr.); Hansen 1999b: 253 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Pilot, Morne Seychellois, forest above Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Damp forest ﬂoor on wet mountain peaks, in slimy moisture ﬁlm on big smooth leathery leaves of Northea seychellarum. All specimens were collected at elevations between 600-730 m (Scott 1913). Bourdonnaisia silhouettae Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Bourdonnaisia silhouettae Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 215 (biol.), 216 (descr.); Knisch 1924: 115 (cat.); Scott 1926: 4 (tax.); Scott 1933: 329 (biol.), 343; Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 253 (cat.); Gerlach 2003a: 33 (distr.)

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Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé: ﬁrst record (Morne Blanc), Silhouette (Mont Dauban, Jardin Marron ridge). Habitat: Leaf litter in saturated mist forest. The beetles were found in a water ﬁlm trapped between leaves (J. Gerlach, pers. comm.). All specimens were collected between 600-670 m. Cercyon conjiciens (Walker, 1858) (Plate 2) Cercyon uniformis Sharp, 1890: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 219 (biol., distr.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.) Cercyon (Cercyon) uniformis Sharp, 1890: Knisch 1924: 149 (cat.) Cercyon (Clinocercyon) conjiciens (Walker, 1858): Balfour-Browne 1954: 231 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 295 (cat.); Hebauer 2003b: 17 (cat.), 19 (key) Distribution: Known from the Oriental Region and the Seychelles. Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc, Port Glaud, Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-eau, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Terrestrial – often found in decaying plant material, e.g. rotting fruits (orange, Pandanus sechellarum, jackfruit); forest (150-600 m). Cercyon fructicola Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Cercyon fructicola Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 217 (descr., biol.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.) Cercyon (Cercyon) fructicola Scott, 1913: Knisch 1924: 149 (cat.) Cercyon (Clinocercyon) fructicola Scott, 1913: Bameul 1986: 889 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 295 (cat.); Hebauer 2003b: 14 (descr.), 17 (cat.), 19 (key) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius. Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons), Praslin (Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-eau, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Terrestrial – often found in decaying plant material, e.g. rotting fruits; principally in damp mountain forest, 300-600 m. Cercyon laticollis Régimbart, 1903 Cercyon laticollis Régimbart, 1903: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 218 (tax., distr.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.) Cercyon laticollis Régimbart, 1903 var.: Scott 1913: 219 (tax., distr.) Cercyon (Cercyon) laticollis Régimbart, 1903: Knisch 1924: 138 (cat.) Cercyon (Cercyon) laticollis Régimbart, 1903: Hansen 1999b: 281 (cat.); Hebauer 2003b: 13 (descr., distr.), 17 (cat.), 19 (key) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar and Réunion. Inner Seychelles: Long, Mahé (“low country”), Praslin (Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Not recorded. Cercyon nigriceps (Marsham, 1802) Cercyon sp.: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 219 (descr., distr.) Cercyon (Cercyon) atricapillus (Marsham, 1802): Bameul 1986: 888 (tax.) Cercyon (Cercyon) nigriceps (Marsham, 1802): Hansen 1999b: 284 (cat.); Hebauer 2003b: 17 (cat.), 19 (key) Distribution: Known from all zoogeographical regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues. Inner Seychelles: Anonyme Island (near Mahé). Habitat: Not recorded.

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Chasmogenus mollis (Régimbart, 1903) (Plate 2) Philydrus (Philydrus) abnormalis Sharp, 1890: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 205 (tax., distr.) Helochares (Chasmogenus) abnormalis (Sharp, 1890): Knisch 1924: 195 (cat.) Helochares (Chasmogenus) livornicus Kuwert, 1890: Orchymont 1925: 70 (tax.) Helochares (Crephelochares) mollis (Régimbart, 1903): Orchymont 1939a: 161 (tax., ﬁg. 4, distr.); Orchymont 1941: 15 (cat.) Philhydrus abnormalis Sharp, 1890: Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Chasmogenus mollis (Régimbart, 1903): Hansen 1999b: 175 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Inner Seychelles: Mahé: ﬁrst record (Anse Nord-D’Est), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons). Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Coelostoma punctulatum (Klug, 1833) (Plate 2) Coelostoma punctulatum (Klug, 1833): Kolbe 1910: 24 (distr.); Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 213 (cat.); Knisch 1924: 113 (cat.); Orchymont 1936: 10 (descr.), 11 (ﬁg. 3); Hansen 1999b: 246 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Inner Seychelles: Mahé. Habitat: Coelostoma is generally regarded as aquatic (Hansen 1991), however, no details are known about the habitat of C. punctulatum in the Seychelles. Note: This species was recorded from Mahé by Kolbe (1910). A single specimen collected on Mahé (“low country, 1908”) might also belong to this species (Scott 1913). No specimens have been collected since. Coelostoma rusticum Mouchamps, 1958 Coelostoma ruﬁtarse (Boheman, 1848): Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 212 (tax., distr.); Knisch 1924: 113 (cat.) Coelostoma ruﬁtarse rusticum n. form.: Orchymont 1936: 15 (descr., ﬁg. 6) Coelostoma ruﬁtarse rusticum Orchymont, 1936: Orchymont 1941: 15 (cat.) Coelostoma (Coelostoma) rusticum Orchymont, 1936: Mouchamps 1958: 25 (tax.) Coelostoma rusticum Orchymont, 1958: Hansen 1999b: 247 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Afrotropical Region. In the Malagasy Subregion also recorded from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: see under C. punctulatum. Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius, 1792) (Plate 2) Dactylosternum insulare Castelnau, 1840: Kolbe 1910: 24 (distr.); Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 196, 211 (biol., distr.); Knisch 1924: 116 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 32 (cat.) Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius, 1792): Orchymont 1941: 15 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 254 (cat.) Distribution: Known from all zoogeographical regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from the Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues. Inner Seychelles: Long, Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade Estate), Praslin (Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Jardin Marron, La Passe). Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Terrestrial – often found in decaying plant material, e.g. rotting fruits of Lodoicea maldivica.

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Dactylosternum pygmaeum Régimbart, 1903 (Plate 2) Dactylosternum pygmaeum Régimbart, 1903: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 195, 211 (tax., distr.); Knisch 1924: 116 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 258 (cat.) Distribution: Known from the Oriental Region, the Seychelles and Mauritius. Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade Estate). Habitat: Terrestrial, no details reported. Enochrus natalensis (Gemminger & Harold, 1868) (Plate 2) Philydrus parvulus Reiche, 1856: Alluaud 1900: 231 (cat.); Régimbart 1900: 50 (tax., distr.); Kolbe 1910: 24 (distr.) Philhydrus parvulus Reiche, 1856: Kolbe 1902: 574 (cat.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Philydrus (Methydrus) parvulus Reiche, 1856: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 203 (tax., distr.); Knisch 1924: 219 (cat.) Philydrus (Methydrus) parvulus Reiche, 1856 var.: Scott 1913: 196, 204 (tax., distr.) Philydrus (Philydrus) abnormalis Sharp, 1890, partim: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 205 (tax., distr.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 32 (cat.) Enochrus (Methydrus) parvulus (Kuwert, 1890): Orchymont 1941: 15 (cat.) Enochrus (Methydrus) natalensis (Gemminger & Harold, 1868): Hansen 1999b: 184 (cat.); Hebauer 2002a: 257 (key), 260 (ﬁg. 2), 261 (descr., distr.), 262 (ﬁgs. 7, 8c), 267 (map) Distribution: Known from the Palearctic, Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian Regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius. Inner Seychelles: Félicité (Grande Anse), La Digue: ﬁrst record (La Reunion), Mahé (Anse Royale, Anse NordD’Est, Mare aux Cochons), Praslin: ﬁrst record (Cap Samy), Silhouette (La Passe, Pointe Zeng Zeng). Outer Seychelles: Coëtivy. Habitat: Enochrus natalensis is probably the most common water beetle in the Seychelles. It is found in various kinds of stagnant water. Helochares nigrifrons Brancsik, 1893 Helochares melanophthalmus var. nigrifrons Brancsik, 1893: Alluaud 1900: 231 (cat.); Régimbart 1900: 50 (tax., distr.) Helochares nigrifrons Régimbart, 1900: Kolbe 1902: 574 (cat.) Helochares melanophthalmus Mulsant, 1844: Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.); Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 203 (tax., distr.) Helochares (Graphelocharus) melanophthalmus Mulsant, 1844: Kolbe 1910: 24 (cat.) Helochares (Hydrobaticus) melanophthalmus var. nigrifrons Brancsik, 1893: Knisch 1924: 194 (cat.) Helochares (Hydrocaticus [sic]) nigrifrons Brancsik, 1903: Orchymont 1939b: 297 (tax.) Helochares (Hydrobaticus) nigrifrons Brancsik, 1903: Orchymont 1939c: 319 (tax.); Orchymont 1941: 15 (cat.); Hebauer 1996: 20 (distr.), 31 (ﬁg. 11: aedeagus); Hansen 1999b: 170 (cat.); Hebauer 2003a: 67 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Helochares sechellensis Régimbart, 1903 (Plate 2) Helochares (Graphelochares) melanophthalmus sechellensis Régimbart 1903: 27 (descr.)

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Helochares melanophthalmus sechellensis Régimbart, 1903: Kolbe 1910: 24 (distr.) Helochares melanophthalmus var. sechellensis Régimbart, 1903: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 203 (tax., distr.); Scott 1933: 334; Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Helochares (Hydrobaticus) melanophthalmus ssp. sechellensis Régimbart, 1903: Knisch 1924: 194 (cat.) Helochares (Hycrobaticus [sic]) sechellensis Régimbart, 1903: Orchymont 1939b: 297 (tax.), 298 (ﬁg. 1) Helochares (Hydrobaticus) sechellensis Régimbart, 1903: Hebauer 1996: 26 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 171 (cat.); Hebauer 2003a: 67 (cat.) Helochares melophthalmus [sic]: Gerlach & Canning 2001: 320 (biol., distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Félicité (Grande Anse), La Digue (La Reunion), Mahé (Anse Royale, Anse Nord-D’Est, Beau Vallon), Praslin: ﬁrst record (Anse Lazio). Habitat: Stagnant water. Paracymus alluaudianus Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Paracymus (Paracymus) alluaudianus: Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 196, 201 (descr.) Paracymus alluaudianus Scott, 1913: Knisch 1924: 194 (cat.); Orchymont 1926: 377 (key); Wooldridge 1977: 376 (key), 380 (ﬁg. 5), 382 (descr.); Marlier 1979: 53 (listed as Paracymnus [sic] alluaudianus); Bameul 1986: 898 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 109 (cat.) Paracymus chalceus alluaudianus Scott, 1913: Balfour-Browne 1952: 128 (tax.) Paracymnus [sic] alluaudianus Scott, 1913: Marlier 1979: 53 (distr.) Distribution: Probably endemic to the Seychelles. Records from Mascarenes doubtful (Bameul 1986). Inner Seychelles: Curieuse: ﬁrst record, Grande Soeur: ﬁrst record, Mahé (Anse Royale, Mare aux Cochons), Praslin: ﬁrst record (Cap Samy), Silhouette: ﬁrst record (La Passe). Outer Seychelles: Coëtivy. Habitat: Stagnant water, coastal marshes. Note: We have examined one specimen from Coëtivy, deposited in the University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge. Externally, this slightly damaged specimen, which lacks its abdomen, more or less agrees morphologically with the specimens from the Inner Seychelles. Paromicrus atomus Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Paromicrus atomus Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 208 (key), 210 (descr., biol.), pl. 14 (ﬁgs. 4, 11); Orchymont 1919: 131 (key); Knisch 1924: 155 (cat.); Bameul 1993: 765 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 32 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 262 (cat.); Gerlach 2003a: 28 (distr.), 33 (distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Félicité, Long, Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons), Praslin (Vallée de Mai, Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mont Potà-eau, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Terrestrial – forest, e.g. under bark of partly decayed stem of Dracaena sp.; from the coast to higher elevations (up to 600 m). Paromicrus carinatus Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Paromicrus carinatus Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 208 (key, typ. gen., descr., biol.), pl. 14 (ﬁgs. 1-3, 5-9); Orchymont 1919: 130 (key); Knisch 1924: 155 (cat.); Scott 1933: 340 (biol.); Bameul 1993: 765 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 32 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 262 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons), Praslin (Vallée de Mai, Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-eau).

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Habitat: Terrestrial – forest, decaying wood, 250-600 m. Found also in water-ﬁlled leaf bases of palm trees (Phoenicophorium, Roscheria), and might therefore be facultatively aquatic. Paromicrus thomasseti Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Paromicrus thomasseti Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 208 (key), 209 (descr., biol.), pl. 14 (ﬁg. 10); Orchymont 1919: 130 (key); Knisch 1924: 155 (cat.); Scott 1933: 340 (biol.); Bameul 1993: 766 (cat.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 32 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 263 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Cascade Estate, Morne Blanc, Mont Sebert), Praslin (Vallée de Mai, Côtes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-eau, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat: Terrestrial – forest, up to over 600 m; often found in water-ﬁlled leaf axils of palm trees (Phoenicophorium, Verschaffeltia, Lodoicea), and might therefore be facultatively aquatic. Paroosternum degayanum Scott, 1913 (Plate 2) Paroosternum degayanum Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 221 (typ. gen., descr.), pl. 14 (ﬁg. 22); Knisch 1924: 154 (cat.); Hansen 1999a: 242 (tax.); Hansen 1999b: 301 (cat.); Hebauer 2002b: 5 (key); Gerlach 2003a: 28 (distr.), 33 (distr.) Distribution: Known also from the Oriental Region. Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Morne Blanc), Silhouette (Gerlach 2003a). Habitat: Terrestrial – no details were reported about the habitat of the specimens collected in the Seychelles. In Asia this species was found in “cut grass”. Regimbartia inﬂata (Brullé, 1835) (Plate 2) Volvulus cupreus Régimbart 1900: 51 (descr.); Kolbe 1902: 574 (distr.); Voeltzkow 1902: 558 (cat.) Brachygaster denticulata Mulsant, 1853: Régimbart 1903: 41 (syn.) Brachygaster cuprea (Régimbart, 1900): Alluaud 1900: 229 (cat.) Volvulus stagnicola (Mulsant, 1853): Régimbart 1906: 267 (syn.); Scott 1913: 194 (checklist), 200 (descr., distr.); Knisch 1924: 277 (cat.) Regimbartia inﬂata (Brullé, 1835): Orchymont 1941: 5 (key), 14 (tax., ﬁg. 4), 15 (cat.); Hansen 1999b: 98 (cat.) Distribution: Endemic to the Malagasy Subregion. Recorded also from Madagascar and Mauritius. Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Key to Hydrophilidae (adults) 1 Lateral margin of eyes, when seen from above, distinctly angulate. Tarsi very short; hind 2 tarsi (claws not included) about as long as terminal segment of maxillary palpi. Lateral margin of eyes, when seen from above, straight or rounded, never distinctly 4 angulate. Hind tarsi much longer than terminal segment of maxillary palpi. 2 Elytra distinctly carinate. Body length about 1.3 mm. Paromicrus carinatus 3 Elytra not carinate. Body length about 1.0-1.3 mm. 3 Intervals between elytral rows of punctures convex. Body length about 1.3 mm. Paromicrus thomasseti Paromicrus atomus Elytral intervals ﬂat. Body length about 1.0 mm. 4 Antepenultimate segment of maxillary palpi not inﬂated subapically, not thicker than penultimate one. First segment of hind tarsi considerably shorter than second tarsomere

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5 6

7

8

9

10 11

12

13

14

(often hard to see without dissection), thus tarsi seem to be four-segmented (although 5 they are in fact always ﬁve-segmented). Antepenultimate segment of maxillary palpi inﬂated subapically, considerably thicker than penultimate one. First segment of hind tarsi always longer than second one, thus 12 tarsi always with ﬁve well-visible tarsomeres. Middle and hind tarsi dorsally with a fringe of long swimming hairs. 6 Middle and hind tarsi without swimming hairs. 8 Pronotum and elytra totally black. Regimbartia inﬂata Pronotum and elytra yellowish to brownish, often with dark patches, never totally 7 black. Elytra without conspicuous subapical spines. Berosus sensu stricto (for identiﬁcation of the two species refer to Schödl 1994b) Elytra with a pair of conspicuous subapical spines. Berosus subgenus Enoplurus (for identiﬁcation of the three species refer to Schödl 1994a) Terminal segment of maxillary palpi longer than penultimate one. Metafemur entirely without hydrofuge pubescence. Body length: 1.9-2.4 mm. Paracymus alluaudianus (Fig. 24) Terminal segment of maxillary palpi shorter than penultimate one. Metafemur with 9 hydrofuge pubescence. Body length: < 2.6 mm. Elytra with ten longitudinal rows of serial punctures. 10 Elytra without longitudinal rows of serial punctures, but with one sutural stria on each 11 elytron. Species recorded from the Inner Seychelles. Helochares sechellensis Species recorded from the Outer Seychelles (Aldabra). Helochares nigrifrons Anterior corners of pronotum (seen in dorsal view) not projecting. Pronotum and elytra more or less black, their margins narrowly reddish brown. Chasmogenus mollis Anterior corners of pronotum (seen in dorsal view) projecting, anterior margin of pronotum thus more or less distinctly U-shaped. Pronotum yellowish, medially more or less comprehensively darkened. Elytra dirty yellowish or brown, never black. Enochrus natalensis Elytra with impressed longitudinal rows of punctures. 13 Elytra without impressed longitudinal rows of punctures, at most with a pair of sutural 16 striae. Pronotum with a transverse subbasal row of punctures. Body length: ca. 1.0-1.6 mm. Paroosternum degayanum 14 Pronotum without a transverse row of punctures. Body length at least 2.0 mm. Body length: ca. 2.0-3.0 mm. Antennal base on lateral margin of head. Cercyon Body length: > 3.5 mm. Clypeus produced laterally, covering antennal base from above. 15

15

16 17

Body length: 3.5-4.0 mm. Eyes (in dorsal view) shallowly emarginate anteriorly. Dactylosternum pygmaeum Body length: ca. 4.0-5.0 mm. Eyes (in dorsal view) deeply excised (almost one third) anteriorly. Dactylosternum abdominale Body length: ca. 4.0-6.0 mm. Elytra with a pair of sutural striae. Coelostoma 17 Body length: 1.6-2.5 mm. Elytra without sutural striae. Body length: 1.6-2.0 mm. Eyes very small, not excised. Bourdonnaisia mahensis Body length: 2.2-2.5 mm. Eyes very deeply excised laterally, almost completely divided by genal projection into a dorsal and a ventral part. Bourdonnaisia silhouettae

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Family LIMNICHIDAE Hyphalus crowsoni Hernando & Ribera, 2000 Hyphalus crowsoni: Hernando & Ribera 2000: 240 (descr., ﬁgs. 1-3), 242 (map) Distribution: Endemic to the Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Intertidal zone of rocky coast. Hyphalus madli Hernando & Ribera, 2004 (Plate 2) Hyphalus madli Hernando & Ribera 2004: 413 (descr., biol.), 414 (ﬁgs. 1-9), 415 (ﬁg. 10) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Silhouette (Anse Lascars). Habitat: Intertidal zone of rocky coast. Family NOTERIDAE Canthydrus notula (Erichson, 1843) (Plate 1) Canthydrus notula (Erichson, 1843): Régimbart 1900: 49 (distr.); Kolbe 1902: 574 (distr.); Scott 1912: 253 (distr.); Guignot 1959b: 493 (key), 498 (descr.), 499 (ﬁg. 422) Canthydrus biguttatus Régimbart, 1895: Kolbe 1902: 574 (syn.); Peschet 1917: 21 (descr.) Distribution: Known from the southern Palearctic and the Afrotropical Regions. In the Malagasy Subregion recorded also from Madagascar. A subspecies (Canthydrus notula comorensis Guignot, 1959) is endemic to the Comoros (Moheli). Outer Seychelles: Aldabra Group: Aldabra. Habitat: Stagnant water. Neohydrocoptus subvittulus seychellensis (Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo, 1978) (Plate 1) Hydrocoptus subvittulus seychellensis Pederzani & Sanﬁlippo 1978: 239 (descr.), 240 (ﬁg. 1); Wewalka 1980: 724 (tax., distr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Anse Nord-D’Est, Port Launay), Praslin (Cap Samy). The nominotypical subspecies is known from the Oriental Region. Habitat: Stagnant water. Key to Noteridae (adults) 1 Body length: ca. 2.7-3.0 mm. Body drop-shaped. Colouration of pronotum and elytra predominantly black (pronotum usually with yellowish margin). Prosternal process apically truncate. Metacoxal process densely setose. Canthydrus notula Body length: ca. 2.2 mm. Body elongate, suboval, not distinctly drop-shaped. Colouration of pronotum and elytra yellowish and brown. Prosternal process apically pointed. Metacoxal process without setae. Neohydrocoptus subvittulus ssp. seychellensis Family SCIRTIDAE The Seychellois species of this family were recently revised by Ruta (2008), who described three new species. Speciﬁc identiﬁcation should be based on the examination of genitalia. The male of Cyphon biperforatus, the female of C. insularius, and the female of Scirtes mahensis are still unknown. Cyphon biperforatus Champion, 1924 Cyphon biperforatus Champion 1924: 298 (descr.); Ruta 2008: 50 (descr.)

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Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Cascade Estate). Habitat of larva: Not exactly known, around 300 m. Cyphon insularius Champion, 1924 (Plate 2) Cyphon insularius Champion 1924: 296 (descr.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.); Ruta 2008: 51 (descr.) Cyphon circumductus Champion 1924: 297 (descr.); Ruta 2008:51 (syn.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons, Morne Seychellois, Port Glaud), Silhouette (Grande Barbe, Mare aux Cochons). Habitat of larva: Stagnant water, maybe also in running water and/or phytotelmata; from the coast up to 600 m. Cyphon mahensis Champion, 1924 Cyphon mahensis Champion 1924: 298 (descr.); Ruta 2008: 55 (descr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Port Glaud). Habitat of larva: Not exactly known; 150-600 m. Scirtes conﬁnis Ruta, 2008 Scirtes conﬁnis Ruta 2008: 59 (descr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons, Morne Blanc), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons). Habitat of larva: Not exactly known; ca. 300-600 m. Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Ruta, 2008 (Plate 2) Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Ruta 2008: 61 (descr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Grande Soeur, La Digue, Mahé (Anse aux Pins), Praslin (Anse Lazio), Silhouette (Grande Barbe). Habitat of larva: Stagnant water, near coast. Scirtes mahensis Ruta, 2008 (Plate 2) Scirtes mahensis Ruta 2008: 64 (descr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Bel Ombre). Habitat of larva: Not exactly known, probably in stagnant water; near coast. Scirtes seychellensis Champion, 1924 Scirtes seychellensis Champion 1924: 299 (descr.); Gerlach, Matyot & Saaristo 1997: 31 (cat.); Ruta 2008: 57 (descr.) Distribution: Endemic to the Inner Seychelles: Mahé (Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons: marsh at summit of pass). Habitat of larva: Stagnant water, maybe also in running water and/or phytotelmata; 300-600 m. Key to Scirtidae (adults) (modiﬁed after Ruta 2008) 1 Hind femora not enlarged. Hind tibia without apical spine. 2 Hind femora distinctly enlarged. Hind tibia with long apical spine. 4 2 Body length 1.4-1.6 mm. Cyphon mahensis 3 Body length ca. 1.9-2.4 mm. 3 Body form elongate, length/width ratio of elytra app. 1.5. Female: Apterous. Upper surface unicoloured yellowish-brown. Elytra with a pair of conspicuous oval patches near anterior margin. Male unknown. Cyphon biperforatus

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4

Body form broader, length/width ratio of elytra app. 1.2. Male: Hind wings present. Upper surface usually bicoloured: pronotum dark brown, elytra paler brown. Elytra without oval patches. Female unknown. Cyphon insularius Elytra usually brown with large yellowish humeral region, rarely completely yellowish. Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Elytra unicoloured brown. Scirtes conﬁnis, S. mahensis and S. seychellensis (these three species can be distinguished from each other mainly by the shape of the aedeagus – see Ruta 2008)

Discussion So far, 54 species of water beetles in the wider sense (including Shore Beetles and some terrestrial hydrophilids) are recorded from the Seychelles. However, the actual number of species is higher because of several undescribed/unidentiﬁed species. At least two undescribed species of Copelatus (Dytiscidae) were collected recently (Silhouette, leg. R. Gerlach, 2005; Conception, leg. P. Matyot, 2001). Undescribed species of Hydraena Kugelann (Hydraenidae) and Microlara Jäch (Elmidae) were discovered by G. Wewalka in 2007 on La Digue resp. Silhouette. Undescribed species are to be expected also in the family Scirtidae (e.g. Champion 1924: 298); three of the seven known Seychellois species were described very recently. The genus Cercyon (Hydrophilidae) dearly needs revision: Some specimens deposited in the Vienna Natural History Museum can not be identiﬁed properly at present, they might represent a species new to science or an unidentiﬁed species known from elsewhere. The family Scirtidae is most noteworthy in the Seychelles. All seven species are endemic to the Inner Seychelles. The females of at least two species, Cyphon biperforatus and C. mahensis, are wingless, which is a most unusual character in this family. Females of C. insularius have so far not been collected, they might be wingless too. Three other families, Hydraenidae, Elmidae, and Limnichidae, are represented in the Seychelles exclusively by endemic species. In the Hydrophilidae, seven out of 19 species (= 37 %) and in the Dytiscidae, two out of 14 species (= 14%) are endemic to the Seychelles. Two endemic water beetle genera are so far known from the Seychelles: Bourdonnaisia Scott (Hydrophilidae) and Microlara (Elmidae), each with two species (the second Microlara species being still undescribed). The water beetle faunas of the Inner Seychelles (34 spp.) and the Outer Seychelles (26 spp.) differ from each other quite signiﬁcantly (Table 1). While there are 19 described endemic species (= 56%) in the Inner Seychelles, only one endemic species (= 4%), i.e. Hyphalus crowsoni, is so far recorded from the Outer Seychelles. Only six species occur on the Inner and the Outer Seychelles. It should be noted here, that, with the inclusion of the four known undescribed species (see above) the percentage of endemic water beetles of the Inner Seychelles raises to 68. Among the islands of the Outer Seychelles Aldabra is to be regarded as a water beetle hot spot. Twenty-two of the 26 species recorded from the Outer Seychelles occur on this particular atoll. Its proximity to Madagascar and the African continent and the relative abundance of fresh water habitats are obviously responsible for this wealth of aquatic taxa. In contrast, only three species are known from Coëtivy and only one from Farquhar. The water beetle fauna of the Seychelles is clearly of African origin. Apart from the 21 endemic species, 23 species are conﬁned to the Afrotropical Region. Thirteen of these 23 species are Malagasy endemics. Almost all the endemic species of the Seychelles have their closest relatives, as far as we are able to conﬁrm at present, in the Afrotropical Region. An exception is Neohydrocoptus subvittulus ssp. seychellensis. The nominotypical subspecies is Oriental in

30

distribution. The phylogenetic sister group of Bourdonnaisia is, however, totally unknown at present. The genus Psalitrus Orchymont, which Scott (1926: 4) considered to be closely related, in fact belongs to the tribe Omicrini, whereas Bourdonnaisia is placed in Coelostomatini. The True Water Beetles of the Seychelles are probably all autochtonous, whereas among the terrestrial hydrophilids several species (e.g. Cercyon conjiciens, C. nigriceps, both species of Dactylosternum) are to be regarded as introduced. The majority of the Seychellois water beetles is found in coastal fresh water marshes. No halophilic species, except for the intertidal coastal limnichids, are known. Very few species are found in running water, Microlara mahensis being the only strict rheobiont. Bourdonnaisia mahensis and B. silhouettae can be regarded as the most peculiar water beetles of the Seychelles, not only because of their morphology (the male antenna of B. mahenis consists of eight antennomeres, while in the female there are nine antennal segments; both species are wingless), but also due to their unique habitat, which was perfectly described by Scott (1913: 215): “… the specimens were only found in extremely circumscribed areas on the very summits of the highest peaks of Mahé and Silhouette, at elevations of over 2000 feet [= 610 m], in the highest and dampest forest-zone. These peaks are covered with forest of the endemic Capucin Tree, Northea seychellarum, which has big smooth leathery leaves. These leaves, when fallen and dead, collect in hollows on the ground, lying closely on one another and (owing to the extreme humidity) having ﬁlms of moisture between them. In this moisture the beetles live: when the leaves are pulled apart and turned over the little creatures are seen crawling on the wet and slimy surfaces, their shape causing them to ﬁt closely down on to the leaf, …”. Like madicolous beetles in hygropetric habitats, specimens of Bourdonnaisia are completely covered with water. Therefore they have to be considered truly aquatic sensu Jäch (1998). However, in contrast to typical hygropetric habitats the water on the Northea leaves is usually not ﬂowing (unless it rains) and the substrate is organic. Analogously, this peculiar type of habitat could be termed “hygrophylic habitat” and the mode of life “phyllomadicolous”. According to Vinson (1962) Psalitrus vinsoni Balfour-Browne, 1958 from Mauritius lives in the same type of habitat. Truly hygropetric habitats have been inadequately explored in the Seychelles so far. The only Seychellois species which was collected in this type of habitat is Hydraena mahensis. Phytotelmata are remarkably well represented in the moist mountain forests of the highest peaks on Mahé and Silhouette. Leaf bases of various species of palms (Lodoicea maldivica, Coco de Mer; Phoenicophorium borsigianum, Thief Palm; Roscheria melanochaetes, Latanier Hauban; Verschaffeltia splendida, Seychelles Stilt Palm) and Screwpines (Pandanus hornei and P. sechellarum) are often populated by small animals (Champion 1924: 298, Marlier 1979: 53, Scott 1933: 340). These lofty potholes can be ﬁlled with plant debris, soil and water, thus forming ideal microhabitats for numerous beetles. Sixty-four species of beetles were recorded from this peculiar type of habitat by Scott (1933). Some parts of the mist forests of Mahé and Silhouette, where palms and screwpines abound, have therefore been called “marshes on stilts”. Most of the 64 beetle species use the wet detritus/soil of the phytotelmata as habitat, a few species are however truly aquatic (Copelatus pandanorum Scott, Dytiscidae, found in Pandanus, and Cyphon sp., Scirtidae, found in Verschaffeltia). Some of the 64 species recorded by Scott (1933), as for instance Paromicrus carinatus and P. thomasseti, might in fact be facultatively aquatic. The behaviour of all these species should be examined closely to determine their habitat requirements exactly. The two limnichid species are noteworthy because of their intertidal mode of life. Thorough investigations of this habitat type are still wanting in the Seychelles. The discovery of additional new endemic species on other islands can be expected.

31

Our knowledge of the riparian fauna of the Seychelles is still very scanty. It is quite probable that for instance some carabid or staphylinid species are in fact living at the edge of inland waters or in the littoral zone of the Indian Ocean. The Shore Beetle fauna of the Seychelles is dearly in need of thorough investigations. Occurrence of Phytophilous Water Beetles, Facultative Water Beetles, and Parasitic Water Beetles has so far not been conﬁrmed for the Seychelles. Several hydrophilid genera (Cercyon, Dactylosternum, Paromicrus, Paroosternum) are obviously more or less completely terrestrial. The larvae of most species of the Seychellois water beetles, including the endemic genera (Bourdonnaisia, Microlara), are still unknown. Acknowledgements We are indebted to G. Wewalka (Vienna) for providing unpublished faunistic data, and for the identiﬁcation of Uvarus rivulorum. Thanks are also due to F. Bameul (Villenave d’Ornon), O. Biström (Helsinki), M. Fikácek (Praha), W.A. Foster (University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge), J. Gerlach (Cambridge), R. Gerlach (Seychelles), J.E. Hogan (Oxford University Museum), A. Komarek (Mödling), P. Matyot (Seychelles), R. Stebbings (University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge), R. Ruta (Wroclaw), A.E.Z. Short (Kansas City) and C. Taylor (Natural History Museum, London) for contributing to this publication in various ways. The photographs were made by M. Brojer (Vienna). References Alluaud, C. 1897. Énumeration des Dytiscidae et Gyrinidae des Îles Mascareignes et Séchelles. Bull. Soc. Entomol. France 1897: 210-214. Alluaud, C. 1900. Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V–VIII, 509 pp. Balfour-Browne, J. 1950. On the aquatic Coleoptera of Northern Rhodesia (Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae and Palpicornia). Occ. Pap. Natnl. Mus. S. Rhodesia 2(16): 359-399. Balfour-Browne, J. 1952. Mission A. Villiers au Togo et au Dahomey (1950). Bull. Inst. franc. Afr. Noire 14,1: 126-139. Balfour-Browne, J. 1954. Descriptions of four new species of Hydrophilidae from Mauritius and Réunion. Mauritius Inst. Bull. 3,4: 227-233. Balke, M., M.A. Jäch & L. Hendrich. 2004. Insecta: Coleoptera, pp. 555-609. In: Yule, C.M. & H.S. Yong (eds.): Freshwater invertebrates of the Malaysian Region. Academy of Sciences Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. 861 pp. Bameul, F. 1984. Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae et Gyrinidae capturés dans les Îles Mascareignes et à Madagascar par Yves Gomy (Coleoptera, Hydradephaga). Nouv. Revue Ent. (N.S.) 1(1): 87-103. Bameul, F. 1986. Les Hydrophiloidea des Îles Mascareignes (Coleoptera). Rev. Suisse Zool. 93(4): 875-910. Bameul, F. 1993. Omicrini from Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae). Invertebr. Taxon. 7: 751-778. Biström, O. 1982. A revision of the genus Hyphydrus Illiger (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Acta Zool. Fenn. 165: 121 pp. Biström, O. 1988. Generic review of the Bidessini (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Acta Zool. Fenn. 184: 41 pp. Biström, O. 1997. Taxonomic revision of the genus Hydrovatus Motschulsky (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Entomol. Basil. 19: 57-584.

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Champion, G.C. 1924. Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923(3-4): 295-304. Fabricius, J.C. 1781. Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias speciﬁcas [etc.] I–II. Hamburgi et Kilonii: VII+552 pp. Gerlach, J. 2003a. Animal diversity on small islands – the pattern of invertebrates in the Seychelles islands and its implications for conservation planning. Biota 4(1-2): 21-48. Gerlach, J. 2003b. The biodiversity of the granitic islands of Seychelles. Indian Ocean biodiversity assessment 2000-2005. Biodiversity assessment celebrating the centenary of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean. Phelsuma 11(B): 47 pp. Gerlach, J. & L. Canning. 2001. Range contractions in the critically endangered Seychelles terrapins (Pelusios spp.). Oryx 35(4): 313-321. Gerlach, J., P. Matyot & M. Saaristo. 1997. Silhouette species list. Phelsuma 5(A): 42 pp. Grouvelle, A. 1913. Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Heteroceridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 16(1): 93-116. Guéorguiev, V.B. 1968. Essai de classiﬁcation des Coléoptères Dytiscidae, I. Tribus Copelatini (Colymbetinae). Izv. Zool. Inst. Musei Soﬁa 28: 5-45. Guignot, F. 1946. Mission scientiﬁque de l’Omo 6 (58). Coleoptera Dytiscidae (2e partie). Mém. Mus. Natnl. Hist. Nat. Paris 19(2) (1945): 215-322. Guignot, F. 1959a. Revision des hydrocanthares d’Afrique (Coleoptera Dytiscoidea) première partie. Ann. Mus. Roy. Congo Belge Tervuren, (Sér 8°, Sci. Zool.) 70: 1-313. Guignot, F. 1959b. Revision des hydrocanthares d’Afrique (Coleoptera Dytiscoidea) deuxième partie. Ann. Mus. Roy. Congo Belge Tervuren, (Sér 8°, Sci. Zool.) 78: 323-648. Guignot, F. 1961. Revision des hydrocanthares d’Afrique (Coleoptera Dytiscoidea) troisième partie. Ann. Mus. Roy. Congo Belge Tervuren, (Sér 8°, Sci. Zool.) 90: 659-995. Hansen, M. 1991. The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classiﬁcation and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera, Hydrophiloidea). Biol. Skr. 40: 367 pp. Hansen, M. 1998. Hydraenidae (Coleoptera). World Catalogue of Insects 1: 168 pp. Hansen, M. 1999a. Taxonomic changes in the genera Oosternum Sharp and Paroosternum Scott (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Entomol. Scand. 30: 240-241. Hansen, M. 1999b. Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera). World Catalogue of Insects 2: 416 pp. Hebauer, F. 1992. The species of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 7(2): 61-92. Hebauer, F. 1996. Synopsis der afrikanischen Arten der Gattung Helochares Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 12(2): 3-38. Hebauer, F. 2002a. Taxonomische Studien zur Hydrophiliden-Gattung Enochrus Thomson, 1859. 3. Teil: Die afrikanischen Arten der Untergattung Methydrus Rey, 1885. B: Die Enochrus natalensis-Gruppe. Beiträge Entomol. 52(1): 255-269. Hebauer, F. 2002b. New Hydrophilidae of the Old World (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 18(3): 3-24. Hebauer, F. 2003a. Checklist of the Malagasy Helochares with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 19(1): 67-69. Hebauer, F. 2003b. Review of the Malgassic Cercyon, with description of a new species and a new genus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Acta Coleopterologica 19(2): 5-26. Hernando, C. & I. Ribera. 2000. The ﬁrst species of the intertidal genus Hyphalus Britton from the Indian Ocean (Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Hyphalinae). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France, N.S. 36(3): 239-243. Hernando, C. & I. Ribera. 2004. Hyphalus madli sp.n., a new intertidal limnichid beetle from the Seychelles (Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Hyphalinae). Koleopt. Rdsch. 74: 413-417.

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Jäch, M.A. 1993. Microlara gen. n. mahensis sp. n., from the Seychelles (Coleoptera: Elmidae, Larainae). Zeitschr. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österr. Entomologen 45(1/2): 15-18. Jäch, M.A. 1998. Annotated check list of aquatic and riparian/littoral beetle families of the world (Coleoptera), pp. 25-42. In: Jäch, M.A. & L. Ji (eds.): Water Beetles of China, Vol. II. Wien: Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Österreich and Wiener Coleopterologenverein, 371 pp. http://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/nhm/2Zoo/coleoptera/publications/china_vol2_ index.html Jäch, M.A. & M. Balke. 2003. Key to adults of Chinese water beetle families (Coleoptera). In: Jäch, M.A. & Ji, L. (eds.): Water Beetles of China, Vol. III, pp. 21-36. Wien: ZoologischBotanische Gesellschaft & Wiener Coleopterologenverein, VI+572 pp. Jäch, M.A. & M. Balke. 2008. Global diversity of water beetles (Coleoptera) in freshwater, pp. 419-442. In: Balian, E.V., C. Levéque, H. Segers & K. Martens (eds.): Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment. Hydrobiologia 595(1): 1-637. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-007-9117-y. Jäch, M.A., R.G. Beutel, J.A. Díaz & J. Kodada. 2000. Subgeneric classiﬁcation, description of head structures, and world check list of Hydraena Kugelann (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hydraenidae). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 102B: 177-258. Knisch, A. 1924. Hydrophilidae. In: Schenkling, S. (ed.): Coleopterorum Catalogus 79. Berlin: W. Junk, 306 pp. Kolbe, H. 1902. Koleopteren der Aldabra-Inseln. Abhand. Senckenb. naturf. Gesellsch. 26(4): 569-586. Kolbe, H. 1910. Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Nebst Betrachtungen über die Tiergeographie dieser Inselgruppe. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 5(1): 1-44. Linell, M.L. 1897. On the insects collected by Doctor Abbott on the Seychelles, Aldabra, Glorioso, and Providence islands, with descriptions of nine new species of Coleoptera. Proc U.S. Natl. Mus. 19,1119: 695-706. Marlier, G. 1979. Un mission hydrobiologique aux Seychelles. Les Naturalistes Belges 60(1): 44-58. Miller, K.B. 2002. Revision of the genus Eretes Laporte, 1833 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Aquat. Insects 24(4): 247-272. Mouchamps, R. 1958. Notes sur quelques Coelostoma (Brullé) (Coléoptères Hydrophilidae) principalement africains (12me note). Bull. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 34(41):1-36 Nilsson, A.N. 2001. Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). World Catalogue of Insects 3: 395 pp. Nilsson, A.N., A. Bilardo & S. Rocchi. 1997. A check list of Copelatus Erichson 1832 species (Coleoptera Dytiscidae) from Afrotropical and Madagascan regions with a review of published penis drawings. Tropical Zoology 10(1): 11-48. Orchymont, A. d’ 1919. Contribution à l’étude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 88: 105-168. Orchymont, A. d’ 1925. Contribution à l’étude des hydrophilides I. Bull. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 65: 63-77. Orchymont, A. d’ 1926. Notes on Philippine Hydrophilidae. Philipp. J. Sci. 30(3): 361-385. Orchymont, A. d’ 1936. Revision des Coelostoma (s.str.) non américans. Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg., Deuxième Série, 7: 3-38. Orchymont, A. d’ 1939a. Revision des espèces du sous-genre Crephelochares d’Helochares. Bull. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 79: 154-166. Orchymont, A. d’ 1939b. Notes sur les Helochares africains. Bull. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 79: 293-323. Orchymont, A. d’ 1939c. Helochares (Hydrobaticus) Andreinii n. sp., H. melanophthalmus Régimbart, 1905 (nec Mulsant, non Reiche). Redia 25: 319-322.

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Orchymont, A. d’ 1941. Revision des espèces du genre Régimbartia Zaitzev (Coleoptera Hydrophilidae). Bull. Mus. Royal Hist. Nat. Belg. 17(4): 1-15. Orchymont, A. d’ 1947. Report on Palpicornia (Coleoptera), Mr. Omer-Cooper’s investigation of the Abyssinian fresh waters (Hugh Scott Expedition). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 117(4): 716-741. Pederzani, F. 1982. Notes on some Dytiscidae of the British Museum (Natural History) with descriptions of three new species. Boll. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 114(8-10): 139-143. Pederzani, F. & N. Sanﬁlippo. 1978. Contributo alla conoscenza dei dytiscidi delle isole Seychelles e del Madagascar. Mem. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 56: 239-243. Peschet, R. 1917. Coléoptères des Îles Mascareignes et Séchelles. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 86(1): 1-56. Régimbart, M. 1895. Revision des Dytiscidae et Gyrinidae d’Afrique, Madagascar et Îles voisines. En contribution a la faune entomologique du Congo. Mém. Soc. ent. Belgique 4: 1-244. Régimbart, M. 1897. Dytiscides nouveaux recueillis par M. Ch. Alluaud aux Séchelles et à l’Île Maurice. Bull. Soc. Entomol. France 1897,13: 208-210. Régimbart, M. 1900. Coléoptères aquatiques capturés dans l’Île d’Aldabra, près des Comores, par le Dr. Voeltzkow, de Strasbourg, et communiqués par le Dr Bergroth. Bull. Soc. Entomol. France 1900,3: 49-52. Régimbart, M. 1903. Coléoptères aquatiques (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae et Hydrophilidae) recueillisdans le sud de Madagascar par M. Ch. Alluaud (Juillet 1900–Mai 1901). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 72,1y:1-51. Régimbart, M. 1906. Voyage de M.Ch. Alluaud dans l’Afrique orientale. Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophilidae. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 75: 235-278. Ruta, R. 2008. Contribution to the knowledge of Seychellian Scirtidae (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea). Zootaxa 1913: 49-68. Schödl, S. 1994a. Revision der Gattung Berosus Leach 4. Teil: Die äthiopischen und madegassischen Arten der Untergattung Enoplurus Hope (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopt. Rdsch. 64: 141-187. Schödl, S. 1994b. Revision der Gattung Berosus Leach 5. Teil: Die äthiopischen und madegassischen Arten der Untergattung Berosus Leach, s.str. A: Die Berosus nigriceps Gruppe (Insecta: Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 96B: 209-246. Scott, H. 1910. Eight month’s entomological collecting in the Seychelles Islands. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 14(1): 21-39. Scott, H. 1912. Coleoptera, Lamellicornia and Adephaga. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 15 (2): 215-262. Scott, H. 1913. Coleoptera; Hydrophilidae, Histeridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 16(2): 193-235, pl. 12. Scott, H. 1926. Coleoptera, Ciidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 19(1): 1-41, pl. 1. Scott, H. 1933. General conclusions regarding the insect fauna of the Seychelles and adjacent islands. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2nd ser., Zool.) 19(3): 307-391. Starmühlner, F. 1979. Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part I: Preliminary report: Introduction, methods, general situation of the islands with description of the stations and general comments on the distribution of the fauna in the running waters of the islands. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82B: 621-742, 17 pls. Vinson, J. 1962. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Mauritius and Rodriguez. Part IV and Supplement I. Mauritius Inst. Bull. 4(4): 197-297. Vinson, J. 1967. Liste chorologique des coléoptères des Mascareignes. Mauritius Inst. Bull. 4(5): 299-272.

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Voeltzkow, A. 1902. Die von Aldabra bis jetzt bekannte Flora und Fauna. Abhand. Senckenb. naturf. Gesellsch. 26(4): 539-565. Wewalka, G. 1980. Results of the Austrian Hydrobiological Mission, 1974, to the Seychelles-, Comores- and Mascarene Archipelagos: Part VII: Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae (Coleoptera). Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 83B: 723-732. Wooldridge, D.P. 1977. The Paracymus of the Ethiopian Faunal Region (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 50(3): 375-388. Zimmermann, A. 1919. Die Schwimmkäfer des Deutschen Entomologischen Museums in Berlin-Dahlem. Arch. Naturgesch. 83(A) 12: 68-249. Zimmermann, A. 1920: Dytiscidae, Haliplidae, Hygrobiidae, Amphizoidae. – In: Schenkling, S. (ed.): Coleopterorum Catalogus 71. Berlin: W. Junk, 326 pp.

2. TERRESTRIAL BEETLES

Key to terrestrial Coeloptera families in Seychelles: Antennae not clubbed 2. 31. Antennae clubbed or terminally expanded Antennae long, ﬁne and hairy Scaphididae 2. Body elongate or oval 3. 27. Body rounded 3. Elytra short, elongate, exposed abdomen Staphylinidae 4. Elytra covering abdomen Elytra covering abdomen, except for projecitng pygidium Mordellidae 4. Antennae short, eyes large, female wingless (ﬁreﬂies and glow worms) Lampyridae 5. Not as above 5. Long legged, often brightly coloured 6. 13. Shorter legged 6. Elongate with a distinct neck formed by elongate anterior part of thorax 8. 7. Neck not distinct 7. Antennae very lomg (longhorn and blister beetles) 9. 10. Antennae not lomg 8. Black Pedilidae Not uniform black Anthicidae 9. Elytra soft Canthariidae Elytra hard Cerambycidae 10. Elytra hard, not hairy 11. Slightly hairy body, elytra slightly soft Melyridae 11. Fast-running, powerful jaws, antennae 11 segmented Carabidae 12. Jaws not obvoisuly powerful Cistelidae 12. Very large eyes and jaws, antennae attached above jaws, body ﬂattened Cicindellinae Antennae attached between eyes and jaws Carabinae 13. Jewel beetles, metallic, bullet shaped, pointed abdomen Buprestidae 14. Otherwise 14. Eyes large, antennae long, ﬁliform or lamellate 48. Eyes large, rostrum projecting, antennae long, broad ½ way down rostrum Brentidae 15. Eyes not large, or without long antennae or rostrum 1.

36 15.

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32.

33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

Antennae long, ﬁliform 16. Antennae moderately long, stout Jacobsoniidae 23. Antennae short Antennae very long, often ﬂattened Cermabycidae 17. Antennae moderately long Very narrow 18. 19. Ovate to elongate, hard Elytra and body soft Oedmeridae Hard bodied Ostomidae Minute, ﬂattened beetles 20. 21. Otherwise Head partly covered by thorax Ptiliidae Head not covered Xylophilidae Tarsi of middle leg with 4 segments Tenebrionidae 22. Middle tarsi with 5 segments Oval to elonage (less than 3 times as long as wide); thorax rectangular Cucujidae Lymexylonidae Very elongate (at least 3 times as long as wide); thorax rectangular Eyes large 24. 25. Eyes not large Brightly coloured, hairy, jaws moderate, visible Cleridae Dull, jaws small Melandryidae Click mechanism, backwards projecting edges to thorax, jaws samll, concealed 26. Grain beetle – small, short legged, serrated edges of thorax Silvanidae Thorax longer than wide Elateridae Thorax narrower than wide Melasidae Distinct neck Scydmaenidae 28. No distinct neck Very rounded, head sunk into pronotum 29. Slightly rounded, very long antennae Ptinidae Flattened, long antennae Endomychidae 30. Hemispherical Short antennae, legs short and retractable Coccinellidae Long antennae, legs variable Chrysomelidae Elytra truncate, exposing end of abdomen Monotomidae 32. Elytra long Eyes large, exposed 33. 35. Eyes not large or completely covered by thorax Eyes large and partially covered Ciidae Body oval, thorax conﬂuent with elytra 34. Otherwise Colydiidae Head exposed Phalacridae Head covered Corylophidae Club short 36. 49. Club elongate Antennae elbowed 37. 42. Antennae not elbowed Fore limbs powerful, spiny 38. Forelimbs not powerful Curculionoidea 39.

37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48.

49.

50. 51. 52.

Jaws not especially large, slightly ﬂattened, shiny Histeridae Large jaws Lucanidae Antennae straight, club loose 40. Antennae elbowed, club compact Curculionidae & Dryophthoridae Eyes lateral, widely separated Anthribidae 41. Eyes dorsal, close or contiguous Narrow, elongate-oval Brentidae Short, oval Attelabidae Jaws visible from above 43. 44. Jaws hidden from above Hairy or scaly, oval to elongate Dermestidae Smooth, shiny, small but powerful jaws Nitidulidae Head covered by thorax Notophygidae 45. Head exposed Forelimbs modiﬁed for digging Scarabaeidae 46. Forelimbs not modiﬁed Elytra short Staphylinidae (Pselaphinae) 47. Elytra covering abdomen Head elongate with antennae terminal Lathrididae Head not elongate, antennae near eyes Cryptophagidae At least 15mm long, elongate, at least 3 times longer than wide; male antennae a very large comb; empodium present Callirhipidae Less than 10mm long; body less than 3 times as long as wide, tarsal empodium reduced Ptilodactylidae Mid-tarsi with 5 segments 50. Mycetophagidae Mid-tarsi with 4 segments, ﬂattened Phalacridae Mid-tarsi wth 4 distinct segments and a reduced 5th, oval Mid-coxal cavities open laterally 51. 52. Mid-coxal cavities closed At least 11 antennal segments; elongate, hairy Throscidae Sphindidae Fewer than 11 antennal segments; oval, punctured in rows Fore coxal cavities open; thorax with tubercles on hind margin Scydmaeidae Fore coxal cavities closed; not tuberculate Bostrichidae Suborder Adephaga Family CARABIDAE Pier Mauro Giachino

Ground beetles are terrestrial predators, phytophagous or spermaphagous usually found in open habitats, forests soils or subterranean environment. Several subfamilies have been described (Lorenz 2005) as treated here. The Cicindelinae are tiger beetles, usually brightly coloured, with long legs, prominent jaws and large eyes. The remaining carabids are typical ground beetles, usually dark coloured, with shorter legs and smaller eyes and jaws. Identiﬁcations of recently collected material was provided by G.E. Ball and D. Shpeley. The paucity of the Seychelles carabid fauna has been noted by Scott (1922), Basilewsky (1972) and Becker (1975).

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Key to Seychelles Carabidae: 1. Clypeus and labrum more wide than antennal insertion Myriochila melancholica ssp. 2. Clypeus and labrum less wide than antennal insertion 2. Penultimate labial palpomere with 2-3 setae Stenolophus (Egadroma) spp. 3. Penultimate labial palpomere with numerous setae 3. 7-8 abdominal sterna exposed; elytra truncate Pheropsophus (Stenaptinus) humeralis 6 abdominal sterna exposed; elytra may be truncate or complete 4. 4. Mandibular scrobe with at least one seta 12. 5. Mandibular scrobe without setae 5. Head with 0-1 pair of setal punctures above eyes 6. 9. Head with 2 pairs of setal punctures above eyes 6. Elytra without internal plica near apex 7. 17. Elytra with internal plica near apex 7. Antennomere 3 with sparse setae, not pubescent; terminal part of antennomere 4 21. pubescent 8. Antennomere 3 terminally pubescent, antennomere 4 all pubescent 8. Maxillary palps elongate; labial palps not elongate. Abacetus (Caricus) gondati 18. Maxillary and labial palps not elongate, similar in size 9. Pronotum narrow, elongate wide, as wide as head 10. 11. Pronotum broader than head 10 Terminal maxillary and/or labial palpomeres triangular. Pachycallida rufoplagiata Terminal palpomeres cylindrical. Casnoidea sp. 11 Elytra apex truncate 22. Elytra apex entire Perigona (Trechicus) nigriceps 12. Eyes absent 13. 14. Eyes present 13. 8th and 9th pores of the umbilicate series geminate Paranillus insularis 8th and 9th pores of the umbilicate series not geminate Argiloborus scotti 14. Elytra uniform 15. Tachys jucundulus Elytra dark with 2 pale patches 15. Uniform colour Elaphropus (Tachyura) ascendens 16. Elytra paler than head and thorax or with pale areas 16. Uniformly blackish with a slight bronze tint Elaphropus (Tachyura) bibulus Head and thorax dark blue, elytra different Tachys spp. 17. Black with yellow spots on elytra Chlaenius (Pachydinodes) bisignatus Black with green tint; elytral margins brown Chlaenius (Oochlaenius) allacteus 18. Length <5mm Stenolophidius alluaudi 19. Length 5-10mm 19. Thorax oval, slightly narrowed at base of abdomen 20. Thorax oval, markedly narrow at base of abdomen Idiomelas (Egaploa) fulvipes 20. Dark bluish green, tooth at hind angle of pronotum Siopelus (Pseudosiopelus) pulchellus Black, no tooth Siopelus (Aulacoryssus) pavoninus Dark brown no tooth Notiobia (Diatypus) diffusa 21. Thorax distinctly emarginate anteriorly, prominent anterior angles Liagonum fulvipes Thorax less emarginate, angles not prominent Platymetopus interpunctatus 22. Elytra not patterned Pentagonica perrieri Elytra black with orange spots Pentagonica ‘mahena’

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Cicindelinae Latreille, 1802 Myriochila melancholica perplexa (Dejean, 1825) Cicindela melancholica Alluaud 1900: 9. Scott, 1912: 243 Cicindela melancholica var. seychellensis Scott 1912: 244 Cicindela trilunaris var. aldabrica Kolbe 1902: 571 Cicindela melancholica var. tenuilineata Alluaud 1900: 9 Myriochile melancholica perplexa (Dejean) Basilewsky 1970: 212. Frith 1979: 7 Myriochila melancholica perplexa Lorenz 2005: 59 Myriochila melancholica trilunaris Scott, 1912 Cicindela melancholica var. trilunaris Scott 1912: 244 Myriochila melancholica trilunaris Lorenz 2005: 59 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar subspecies. Granitics – Mahé (1909), Praslin (‘paths behind Grande Anse’ – Scott 1912, 1892, 1905, 1908). Aldabra (1895, 1910, 1968, 1974-7, 2000, 2005), Assumption (1910, 2005), Farquhar (1905). Seychelles populations are currently referred to the subspecies M. melancholica perplexa, although specimens from Aldabra and Assumption were referred to M. melancholica trilunaris (Klug 1832) by Scott (1912) and Lorenz (2005). All individuals from this population have a longer prothorax than those from the granitic islands but all Seychelles specimens have the smooth head and prothorax of M. melancholica perplexa. Description: Elongate, head short and broad; thorax quadrangular, narrower than head and elytra; elytra parallel sided; legs long and slender; jaws and eyes prominent. Dark metallic green with white markings on elytra (two small humeral spots – one marginal one in midline of elytron, a band 2/3 of way down elytron running from margin to mid-line of elytron, a marginal spot at 4/5 with mid-line spot an one apical band. Length 9.5-12.5mm. Most specimens from the granitic islands are from Praslin: one in 1892, and a total of 20 in 1905 and 1908. One specimen (1909) has been found on Mahé. The species appears to be extinct in the granitics, having not been found for 100 years. On Aldabra it has always been more abundant with more than 70 specimens collected in 1908, 435 collected in a light trap (Frith 1979) and abundant populations noted in 2000 and 2005 in all parts of the atoll. Brachininae Bonelli, 1810 Pheropsophus (Stenaptinus) humeralis Chaudoir, 1843 Pheropsophus humeralis Scott 1912: 246 Pheropsophus omostigma Basilewsky 1970: 212 P.(Stenaptinus) humeralis Lorenz 2005: 15 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar, Mascarenes – Aldabra (Takamaka – 1905, 1968) Description: Elongate, thorax quadrangular, longer than wide; elytra parallel sided. Slightly shiny, elytra strongly ridged. Brown; head yellowish; small pale humeral mark on elytra. Length 18mm. Trechinae Bonelli, 1810 Paranillus insularis Giachino, 2008 Paranillus insularis Giachino 2008: 95 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé. Description: Extremely small in size (0.82-0.83 mm). Head big and pronotum slightly transverse; elytra oval, poorly elongated. Depigmented, testaceous.

40

Argiloborus scotti Jeannel, 1937 Anillus sp. ? Scott 1912: 251 Argiloborus scotti Jeannel 1963: 132 Argiloborus scotti Lorenz 2005: 204 Distribution: Endemic – Felicite (1908). Description: Narrow, elongate; eyeless and wingless. Prothorax quadrangular, a little broader than long; elytra slightly broader, subparallel. Pale yellowish-brown. Length: 1mm The single specimen was originally preserved in the University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge but was transferred to the British Museum (Natural History) in 1932 and described by Jeannel in 1937. Elaphropus (Tachyura) ascendens (Alluaud, 1917) Bembibium (Elaphropus) exiguus Boheman 1848 Tachyphanes exiguus Basilewsky1970: 212 E.(Tachyura) ascendens Lorenz: 208 Distribution: Africa – Aldabra (Anse Mais [Grande Terre] 1968, 2006) Description: Thorax quadrangular, rounded anteriorly, almost as wide as elytra; elytra oval. Head and thorax black, elytra blackish brown, margins may be paler. Limbs and ﬁrst antennal segments pale brown. Length 2mm. Elaphropus (Tachyura) bibulus (Coquerel, 1866) Tachys bibulus Alluaud 1900: 16. Scott 1912: 250. Basilewsky 1970: 212 Elaphropus (Tachyura) bibulus Lorenz 2005: 208 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Mahé (Anse aux Pins marsh 1909), Silhouette (La Passe 2000), North (in mud at marsh edge 2000), (Aldabra (1908-9). Known from marshy lowlands. Description: Thorax quadrangular, wider in front, slightly narrower then elytra; elytra slightly convex. Shiny, elytra ridged. Brown to blackish with a slight bronze tint, two ochre spots on each elytron (humeral spots may be indistinct); legs ochre, antennae black. Length 2mm. Tachys (Polyderis) brevicornis Chaudoir, 1846 Tachys seychellarum Scott 1912: 250, 1926: 51 Tachys (Polyderis) brevicornis Lorenz 2005: 212 Distribution: – Mahé (Cascade; 1909 single specimen). Description: Broadly oval; thorax narrower than elytra, 1 ½ times as broad as long, narrowed behind with sharp posterior angles. Elytra convex, smooth and shiny. Brown, head and elytra darker than thorax; antennae and limbs pale. Length 1.25mm. Three Afro-Malagasy Tachys species have been recorded on Aldabra: Tachys (Polyderis) impressipennis (Motschulsky, 1859), Tachys (Tachys) androyanus (Jeannel, 1946) and Tachys (Tachys) jucundulus Peringuey, 1908 (Basilewsky 1970; Frith 1979 [as ‘Tachys sp.’]). A Tachys species was collected in the granitic islands, this resembles T. (P.) brevicornis except it has striae on the elytra, the head, thorax and elytra are concolorous, length 1.7mm. (NPTS Hc1998.74, Roche Caiman, Mahé 2004). Tachys species are halophilous, being found in coastal habitats. Polyderis are all very small, many small eyed and apterous.

41

Tachys jucundulus Péringuey, 1908 Eotachys euryphacus Alluaud 1902 Tachys jucundulus Lorenz 2005: 214 Distribution: Madagascar – Silhouette (La Passe 1999), North (2000). Description: Thorax quadrangular, anterior wider than posterior. Shiny, elytra ridged. Dark brown, two ochre marks on each elytron; limbs ochre. Length 3mm. Pterostichinae Bonelli, 1810 Abacetus (Caricus) gondati Chaudoir, 1869 Astigis (Caricus) goudoti Jeannel 1948: 431 Abacetus goudoti Basilewsky 1970: 212 Abacetus (Caricus) gondati Lorenz 2005: 256 Distribution: Palaeotropics – Aldabra (1968). Description: Thorax broadly oval; elytra parallel. Eyes prominent, near back of head. Shiny; elytra ridged. Dark blackish brown with pale crescentic marks on elytra; legs brown. Length 5mm. Licininae Bonelli, 1810 Chlaenius (Oochlaenius) allacteus (Alluaud, 1919) Oochlaenius alacteus Basilewsky 1970: 212 Chlaenius nr. allacteus Frith 1979: 6 C.(Oochleanius) allacteus Lorenz 2005: 330 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar, Mascarenes – Aldabra (1968). 5 in light trap (Frith 1979) Description: Thorax quadrangular, anterior margins curved, narrower than elytra, posterior margin with sharp angles. Elytra convex. Slightly shiny; elytra ridged. Eyes large, near back of head; antennal segments elongate. Black with greenish tint to head and thorax; elytra margins reddish; limbs reddish brown. Length 10mm. Chlaenius (Pachydinodes) bisignatus Dejean, 1826 Chlaenius bisignatus Alluaud 1900: 31. Kolbe 1910: 17. Scott 1912: 247. Frith 1979: 6 Chlaenius (Pachydinodes) bisignatus Lorenz 2005: 330 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (low cultivated country, 1905, 1892, 1895), Silhouette (La Passe 1999), Curieuse (2002), Aldabra (Picard 1974) Description: Head and thorax narrower than elytra; thorax quadrangular, rounded anteriorly; elytra parallel sided. Moderately shiny, elytra ridged. Black; two yellow spots on posterior ¾ of elytra (may be absent); legs and antennae reddish brown. Length 11mm. Harpalinae Bonelli, 1810 Notiobia (Diatypus) diffusa (Klug, 1832) Harpalus diffusa Klug 1832 N.(Diatypus) diffusa Lorenz: 350 Distribution: Africa – Silhouette (La Passe 1999-2000) Description: Thorax and elytra almost of equal width, wider than head; elytra slightly convex. Shiny, especially on head; elytra ridged. Black, legs and antennae dark reddish brown. Length 10 mm. Stenolophus (Egadroma) spp. Three Afro-Malagasy Egadroma species were recorded from Aldabra in 1968 (Basilewsky 1970): S. (Egadroma) concinuus Dejean, 1829, S. (Egadroma) laticolle (Jeannel, 1948) (NN1 = laticollis Jeannel, 1948 [nec Motschultsky, 1864] Lorenz 2005:355) and Egadroma trivittis

42

Fairmaire, 1868. Of these 16 E. laticolle and 3 E. trivitte were also collected in a light trap 1974 (Frith 1979). Identiﬁcation of these similar species is not certain. S. (Egadroma) laticolle (sensu Jeannel, 1938) is different from S. (Stenolophus) ochropezus (Say, 1823) (= laticollis Motschultzky, 1864) (Lorenz 2005: 353, 355). Description: Thorax quadrangular, wider than long, almost as wide as elytra. Shiny, elytra very ﬁnely striate. Eyes large, near back of head. Black, legs and antennae brown. Length 6-7mm. Stenolophidius alluaudi Jeannel, 1948 Carabid. get. et sp. indet. Scott 1912: 252 Acupalpus sp. Scott 1926: 51 Stenolophidius alluaudi Basilewsky 1970: 212. Lorenz 2005: 356 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1909, 1968) Description: Thorax quadrangular, wider than long, slightly convex laterall; elytra slightly broader, subparallel, slightly wider posteriorly. Shiny; elytra ﬁnely striate. Blackish brown with two brownish striae. Length 3.5mm. Idiomelas (Egaploa) fulvipes (Erichson, 1843) Stenolophus fulvipes Kolbe 1910: 18. Scott 1912: 249 Anisodactylus basicollis Alluaud 1900: 35. Kolbe 1910: 17 I. (Egaploa) fulvipes Lorenz 2005: 361 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (lowland, 1892, 1895, 1908-9), Curieuse (2002), Silhouette (Grande Barbe, La Passe, 1999-2000), Remire (1905) Description: Thorax and elytra of equal width, slightly wider than head; elytra parallel sided. Shiny; elytra finely ridged. Dark reddish brown, head and elytra dark, contrasting with reddish thorax. Postero-lateral margins of elytra paler. Legs pale orange-brown. Length 7mm. Platymetopus interpunctatus (Dejean, 1829) Dioryche interpunctatus Alluaud 1900: 35. Kolbe 1902: 572. Basilewsky 1970: 212 Platymetopus interpunctatus Frith 1979: 7. Lorenz 2005: 373 Distribution: Madagascar, Mauritius – Aldabra (1895, 1907-9, 1968, 1979), Cosmoledo (1907), Coetivy (1905). 15 in light trap (Frith 1979) Description: thorax oval, as wide as elytra, head slightly narrower; elytra subparallel. Slightly shiny; elytra ridged. Dark blackish brown to black. Length 4-6mm Siopelus (Aulacoryssus) pavoninus Gerstaecker, 1867 Siopelus sechellarum Kolbe 1910: 17 Aulacoryssus aciculatus pavoninus Basilewsky 1970: 212. Frith 1979: 6 Hypolithus pavoninus Kolbe 1902: 572. Scott 1912: 248. Hypolothus sechellarum Scott 1912: 248 Siopelus (Aulacoryssus) pavoninus Lorenz 2005: 375 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes, Comoros – Mahé (Mammelles, 1895, 1908-9), Cousine (1998), Remire (1905), Farquhar (1905), Coetivy (1905), Aldabra (1895, 1907, 1968, 1979). 355 in light trap (Frith 1979) Description: Pronotum quadrangular, rounded anteriorly, hind margin smooth; elytra subparallel. Slightly shiny; elytra striated and ridged. Black; legs brown. Length 5mm

43

Siopelus (Pseudosiopelus) pulchellus (Dejean, 1829) Hypolithus pulchellus Alluaud 1900: 34. Scott 1912: 248. Basilewsky 1970: 212 Siopelus (Pseudosiopelus) pulchellus Lorenz 2005: 376 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Aldabra (1907, 1968), Cosmoledo (1907) Description: Pronotum quadrangular, rounded anteriorly, with tooth at the hind angle; elytra subparallel. Slightly shiny; elytra striated and ridged. Dark brown; elytra pale brown with dark bluish green patches on sutural and lateral margins of elytra, meeting at mid-line; limbs brown. Length 5mm. Platyninae Bonelli, 1810 Liagonum fulvipes (Laferté-Senectères, 1853) Anchomenus (Liagonum) xantholoma (Chaudoir, 1854) Liagonum xantholoma Basilewsky1970: 212 Liagonum fulvipes Lorenz 2500: 422 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1968) Description: Thorax lateral margins strongly convex, interiorly emarginate, giving prominent anterior angles; elytra subparallel. Shiny, elytra strongly ridged; submarginal groove on thorax. Eyes prominent, near back of head. Black; thorax with reddish brown margins. Length 3mm. Lebiinae Bonelli, 1810 Casnoidea sp. Ophionea sp. Scott 1912: 245 Casnoidea sp. Baehr 1996: 1044 Distribution: Mahé (no locality, 1907), Silhouette (La Passe, 2000). The single species mentioned from Seychelles (Scott 1912) has been perhaps doubtfully identiﬁed (Baehr 1996) Description: Elongate; head and thorax distinctively rounded and markedly narrower than elytra; eyes prominent, at widest part of head. Shiny, elytra ﬁnely ridged. Blackish brown with metallic bluish tint; mouthparts reddish, antennae and legs brown. Length 6.25-6.5mm. Perigona (Trechicus) nigriceps (Dejean, 1831) Perigonia nigriceps Scott 1926: 50 P.(Trechicus) nigriceps Lorenz 2005: 439 Distribution: Pantropical – Silhouette (La Passe 1999), Praslin (Grand Anse 2002), Bird (2001), St. Joseph Atoll (2003), Desroches (2006), Providence (Cerf 1905). Description: Thorax quadrangular, slightly narrower than elytra. Elytra slightly convex. Antennae slender, originating below a ridge; eyes moderate, towards back of head; legs slender. Shiny, elytra smooth. Head black; thorax reddish; elytra blackish brown with a pale crescentic mark on each elytron; limbs paler. Length 2mm. Pentagonica perrieri Fairmaire, 1889 Pentagonica mahena Kolbe 1910: 18. Scott 1912: 247 Pentagonica perrieri Lorenz 2005:446 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahe (Mare aux Cochons 2002), Silhouette (La Passe, Jardin Marron, Gratte Fesse in Pandanus litter 1998-2000), Praslin (Valle de Mai 2002). Description: Flattened. Thorax oval, wider than long, slightly narrower than elytra. Elytra parallel sided, tip truncate. Shiny; elytra ridged. Black, legs ochre. Length 3mm. P. mahena was described from a single specimen collected on Mahé in 1895, this differs from P. perrieri in having orange markings on the elytra. None of the recent Pentagonica specimens

44

from Seychelles have any trace of such markings. The single specimen of P. mahena may have been an aberrant individual and is included within the synonym of P. perrieri until further specimens become available for dissection. Tetragonoderus (Tetragonoderus) bilunatus Klug, 1833 Tetragonoderus bilunatus Kolbe 1902: 572, 1910: 17. Scott 1912: 246. Basilewsky 1970: 212. Frith 1979: 7 Tetragonoderus (Tetragonoderus) bilunatus Lorenz 2005: 453 Distribution: Africa, Asia – Mahé (1905), Silhouette (La Passe 1905, 2002), Praslin (1905), Cousine (2001), Bird (1905), Remire (1905), Desroches (1905, 2006), Alphonse (2001), Aldabra (1895). Reported to be abundant in low herbage in coastal localities (Scott 1912), runs over the ground in sandy areas with sparse or patchy vegetation. Description: Thorax quadrangular, widest at front, narrower than elytra; elytra parallel sided, posteriorly truncate. Slightly shiny; elytra ﬁnely ridged. Dark bronzy brown to bluish black, edges darker; each elytron with two ochre marks, one humeral crescentic mark reaching to mid-point of elytron and one zig-zag posterior marking; legs reddish brown. Length 4-6mm. Pachycallida rufoplagiata (Jeannel, 1949) Callidia rufoplagiata Frith 1979: 6 Pachycallida rufoplagiata Lorenz 2005: 490 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1979). 23 in light trap (Frith 1979) Description: Elongate; head and thorax distinctively rounded. Thorax slightly narrower than elytra; elytra subparallel. Shiny; elytra ridged. Dark reddish brown; elytra bluish-black; legs dark. Length 5-7mm. References Alluaud, C. 1900 Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21: 1-509 Alluaud, C. 1916 Coléoptères des Iles Mascareignes et Séchelles : Missions scientiﬁques de MM. Ch. Alluaud (1892, 1893 et 1897) et P. Carié (1910-1913): Cicindelidae et Carabidae. Ann. Soc. entomol. France 85 : 37-90. Baehr, M. 1996 The Ground Beetle Genus Casnoidea Castelnau: Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Zoogeography (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthidae). Invert. Taxon. 10: 1041-1084. Basilewsky, P. 1970 Les Coléoptères Carabidae de l’Ile d’Aldabra (Océan Indien). Bull. Ann. Soc. R. Ent. Belge 106: 211-222 Basilewsky, P. 1972 Note sur les Coléoptères Carabidae de l’Ile d’Agalega et note supplementaire sur seux de l’Ile d’Aldabra (Océan Indien). Bull. Ann. Soc. R. Ent. Belge 108: 147-148 Becker, P. 1975 Island colonization by carnivorous and herbivorous coleoptera. J. Anim. Ecol. 44: 893-906 Frith, D.W. 1979 A list of insects caught in light traps on West Island, Aldabra Atoll, Indian Ocean. Atoll Res. Bull. 225: 1-12 Giachino, P.M. 2008 New genera and species of Anillina (Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidiini) from Madagascar and Seychelles Islands, with notes about their origin and distributions. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat., Verona, 32: 91-136. Jeannel, R. 1948 Coléoptères Carabiques de la Région Malgache (Deuxième partie). Faune de l’Empire Français. 10, Paris: 373-765. Kolbe, H.J. 1902 Koleopteren der Aldabra-Inseln. Abhand. Senckenb. Natur. Gesellsch. 26: 286-567 Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49

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Lorenz, W. 2005 Systematic list of extant Ground Beetles of the World (Insecta Coleoptera “Geadephaga”: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae). Tutzing, 530 pp. Scott, H. 1912 Coleoptera, Lamellicornia and Adephaga. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.) 15: 215-262 Scott, H. 1926 Coleoptera from the Seychelles and adjacent iIslands: Carabidae (Supplement), Cryptophagidae (supplement), Dermestidae, Lymexylonidae, Rhipiceridae, Sphindidae, Throscidae, Brenthidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 18: 50-76

Suborder Polyphaga Series Staphyliniformia Superfamily Hydrophiloidea Family HISTERIDAE S. Mazur The histerids are a distinctive group of mostly small, black, mainly predacious beetles. Most species are round or oval in dorsal view and stout. Some, however, are cylindrical, others are dorsoventrally ﬂattened, and there are yet other manifestations which are completely bizarre. They are extremely compact in form, with retractile head and appendages. The elytra are truncate, as usually, exposing the last 2 abdominal segments. The posteriormost of these, the pygidium, is operculate. All species have geniculate antennae with a compact, usually 3-segmented club. The species composition of the Seychelles histerids fauna is typical of a “ﬁltered” island fauna found in Mascarenes or Hawaii. This feature may be expressed by a relatively high degree of endemism: almost 30% (5 species) and, on the other hand, by the presence of species with vast geographical distributions (41%, 7 species). Cylistosoma richteri, Saprinus erichsoni and Hypocaccus disjunctus may be considered as the elements of the Malagasy fauna, whereas Santalus elongatulus (if not introduced) is restricted in its distribution to the Indian subcontinent (including Sri Lanka). The inter-species relationships of the Seychelles species of Aeletes and Bacanius possibly indicate that there has been some development of endemic species complexes. Also as expected, there appears to be some relation between endemic species inhabiting the endemic montane forests and non-endemic species inhabiting cultivated ﬁelds and the coasts. Key 1. Very small species, the body size under 1.2mm 2 Greater species, the body size over 1.5mm 8 2. Elytra rounded at apex, covering the propygidium (Fig. 5) 3 Elytra obtuse at apex, not covering the propygidium (Figs. 10, 11) 5 3. Elytra without subhumeral striae. Mesosternum with a transverse line of punctures (Fig. 7) Abraeomorphus atomarius 4 Elytra with subhumeral striae (Fig. 5). Mesosternum without punctiform stria 4. Pronotal base with a transverse, crenulate stria (Fig. 5) Bacanius rombophorus Pronotum without such a stria Bacanius ambiguus 5. Foretibia distinctly expanded apically, their outer margin adorned with spinules (Fig. 16) Halacritus algarum 6 Foretibia slender and ﬁnely multisetose

46 6.

Pronotal base with a transverse stria in front of scutellum. Upper surface punctulate, Aeletes daubani without strigose microstriolation (Fig. 10) Pronotal base without a transverse stria. Upper surface with a dense microstriolation 7 (Fig. 11) 7. Greater, the meso-metasternal suture marked as a ﬁne line (Fig. 15) Aelets davidsoni Smaller, the meso-metasternal suture with 6 large, transverse punctures Aeletes fryeri 8. Elytra without sutural stria (Figs. 2, 3, 13) 9 Sutural stria present, at least at the apex (Figs. 1, 12, 18, 21) 13 9. Elytra, at least, with 3 complete dorsal striae (Figs. 2, 3). Body size over 3.0mm 10 Elytra without complete dorsal striae, at most with a shortened fragment of the oblique 11 dorsal stria (Fig. 13). Body size under 2.5mm 10. Body convex. Fourth dorsal stria nearly complete (Fig. 3). Pygidium margined laterally Santalus elongatulus (Fig. 4). Body size over 6 mm Body compressed. Fourth dorsal stria present at apex only (Fig. 2). Pygidium not margined. Platylister tenuimargo Body size under 5 mm 11. Clypeo-frontal stria absent anteriorly. Foretibia strongly bent at apex, with a heel-like Eulomalus calciger projection (Fig. 9) 12 Clypeo-frontal stria complete. Foretibia nod modiﬁed (Fig. 13)

3

6 5 9 7

1

2

10

4

11 8

Figs. 1-11; 1-3 outline of body: 1 – Cylistosoma richteri, 2 – Platylister tenuimargo, 3 – Santalus elongatulus, 4 – S. elongatulus, pro- and pygidium. 5 – Bacanius rombophorus, 6 – Aeletes daubani, 11 – Ae. davidsoni; 6 – 7; pro- and mesosternum: 6 – Bacanius rombophorus, 7 – Abraeomorphus atomarius; 8 – Platylomalus gardineri, mesosternum; 9 – Eulomalus calciger, foretibia, ventrally.

47 12.

13. 14.

15.

16.

Mesosternum without a transverse stria at middle. Female pygidium with irregular circles Platylomalus alluaudi Mesosternum with a tripartite, transverse median stria (Fig. 8). Pygidium in both sexes without a special sculpture Platylomalus gardineri Dorsal striae 1-4 complete (Figs. 1, 12) 14 Dorsal striae present at base only (Figs. 18, 20, 21) 15 Body strongly elongate, almost cylindrical. Foretibia with 4-5 teeth (Fig. 1) Cylistosoma richteri Carcinops troglodytes Body oval, moderately convex. Foretibia with 2 teeth (Fig. 12) Head rugosely punctate, the frontal stria obsolete (Fig. 17). Elytra black with yellow spot Saprinus erichsoni at apex (Fig. 18) Head impunctate, with two transverse rugae. Frontal stria distinct, carinate (Fig. 19). 16 Elytra unicolored, brownish or pitch-brown Sutural stria complete, united by an arc with the 4th dorsal stria basally. Apical half of Hypocaccus brasiliensis elytra densely and coarsely punctured (Fig. 20) Sutural stria abbreviated basally, not united with the dorsal stria. Apical half of elytra Hypocaccus disjunctus ﬁnely and sparsely punctate (Fig. 21)

Cylistosoma richteri (Schmidt, 1889) Platysoma richteri Schmidt 1889: 335: Schmidt 1893: xcic-c. Cylistosoma richteri Lewis 1905: 18. Cylistolister richteri Bickhardt 1921: 175. Distribution: Madagascar, Seychelles: La Digue (1892) Description: Body (Fig. 1) elongate, almost cylindrical. Upper side black and shiny, very ﬁnely punctulate. Head, pronotum and elytral apex irregularly and sparsely punctured. Pro- and pygidium more densely punctured. Frons feebly concave, the suture between frons and clypeus indistinct. Clypeus concave, margined anteriorly. Pronotal marginal stria interrupted behind the head. Dorsal striae 1-4 complete, the 1st one a little abbreviated apically, the 5th one abbreviated basally or replaced here by a row of punctures. Sutural stria complete, inwardly bent at base. Outer subhumeral stria reaching beyond the elytral midlength. Under side ﬁnely punctulate. Prosternal lobe rounded and margined. Carinal striae of prosternum divergent basally. Anterior margin of mesosternum emarginate, margined. Foretibia with 4-5 teeth, midtibia with 4, hindtibia with 3 spinules. Length: 3.0-3.5mm. Ecology: Nothing is known of the ecology of this species; it may be subcortical. Platylister tenuimargo (Schmidt, 1893) Platysoma tenuimargo Schmidt 1893: c; Scott 1913: 224; Bickhardt 1921: 197. Platylister tenuimargo Mazur 1999: 17. Distribution: Endemic: Mahé (Cascade Estate, 1908), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-eau, Mare aux Cochons, 1908; Jardin Marron, 2005), La Digue (1892). Description: Body (Fig. 2) compressed, black and shiny. Legs reddish-brown. Clypeus incised. Frontal stria complete, weakly sinuous. Pronotal sides distinctly punctate. Pronotal lateral stria thin, broadly interrupted anteriorly. Dorsal striae 1-3 complete, the 4th present on apex only, the 5th one marked sometimes by elongate points. Prosternal lobe margined. Mesosternum deeply emarginate at anterior margin. Marginal stria complete. Foretibia with 4 teeth, midtibia with 3, hindtibia with 2 spinules. Length: 3.0-4.0mm. Ecology: Found in forests, in decayed head of felled palms, coconut planted country near coast, at 250-500m, in March, August and September.

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Santalus elongatulus (Marseul, 1854) Hister parallelus Redtenbacher 1848: 514 nec Ménétries 1832: 171 Hister elongatulus Marseul 1854: 194 Santalus parallelus Lewis 1906: 341 Pactolinus parallelus Mazur 1984: 182 Pachylister parallelus Dégallier & Mazur 1989: 84 Pachylister elongatulus Johnson in Johnson et al. 1991: 13 Santalus elongatulus Mazur 2004: 172 Distribution: Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Seychelles [introduced?]: Mahé (no locality, undated) Description: Body (Fig. 3) oval, moderately convex, black. Frontal stria complete. Mandibles without carina at base. Inner lateral pronotal stria complete, the outer one abbreviated basally. Pronotal epipleura with short ciliae. Elytral surface with a coriaceous microreticulation. Inner subhumeral stria present on apical 1/2. Dorsal striae 1-4 present, the fourth stria abbreviated basally. Propygidium only laterally coarsely punctured, pygidium margined laterally (Fig. 4). Foretibia with 3 teeth. Length: 6.0-10.0mm. Ecology: This species usually found in fresh cow dung. Bacanius rombophorus (Aubé, 1843) Abraeus rombophorus Aubé 1843: 75 Abraeus rhombophorus Aubé 1843: t 1(IV), f. 2 Bacanius rhombophorus Marseul 1856: 571; Gomy 1980: 174 Bacanius inopinatus Schmidt 1893: 102; Scott 1913: 229 Distribution: Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Mauritius, Reunion, Madagascar, Nigeria, introduced to West Europe and Hawaii. Mahé (Cascade Estate, 1892, 1908-9) Description: Body (Fig. 5) oval, strongly convex, brown, shiny. Head and pronotum paler, pronotum distinctly punctulate. Pronotal base with a crenulate stria, the space behind it smooth. Elytral punctation becoming gradually ﬁner apically, the elytral base with some irregular rugae. Outer subhumeral stria incised, the inner one reaching to pronotal angles, both subhumeral striae complete. Pygidium very ﬁnely punctulate. Prosternum (Fig. 6) nearly quadrate, carinal striae feebly arcuate. Prosternal lobe punctulate. Mesosternum sinuate anteriorly, margined. Foretibiae expanded, covered with minute spinules. Length: 0.75-1.0mm. Ecology: Sifted from litter and humus; found under bark of trees or in decaying wood. Bacanius ambiguus Schmidt, 1893 Bacanius ambiguus Schmidt 1893: 101; Scott 1913: 228; Bickhardt 1921: 92-93 Distribution: Seychelles, Madagascar, Glouriese Is., Moluccas, New Guinea, Solomon Is., New Ireland. Long (1908), Sillhouette (Pte. Etienne, Mt. Pot-à-eau, Mare aux Cochons, 1908), Praslin (Côte d’Or Estate, 1908), La Digue (under seaweed on beach 1892), Félicité (1908). Description: Body convex, brownish-red, shiny. Frons very ﬁnely punctulate. Pronotum margined, rather densely punctulate. Elytra more strongly punctulate as pronotum, the elytral base with indistinct dorsal stria. Inner subhumeral stria apical, reaching to the middle. Outer subhumeral stria abbreviated apically. Suture elevated. Pro- and pygidium very ﬁnely punctulate. Prosternum short, carinal striae feebly arcuate. Anterior margin of mesosternum bisinuate, margined. Metasternum punctulate laterally. Foretibia with ﬁne spinules. Length: 0.7-0.9mm. Ecology: It lives under algae on beach on sandy soils, under bark of felled dicotylodonous trees and under bark of decayed stems.

49

Abraeomorphus atomarius (Sharp, 1885) Bacanius atomarius Sharp in Blackburn & Sharp 1885: 297; Scott 1913: 229; Bickhardt 1921: 91-92 Abraeomorphus atomarius Gomy 1980b: 194 Distribution: Hawaii, Seychelles, Comores, Mascarenes, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Malaysia. Mahé (Cascade Estate 1909) Description: Body oval, convex, reddish-brown, rather closely and densely punctulate. Pronotal base with a transverse line of large punctures, the space behind it punctured. Elytral apex more ﬁnely and densely as on elytral disc. Interspaces between punctures intermingled with microsculpture. Pygidium densely punctured. Prosternum strongly punctured. Carinal striae present at base only. Mesosternum with a crenulate line at middle (Fig. 7). Metasternum coarsely punctured laterally. Foretibia strongly dilated. Length: 1.0mm. Ecology: Sifted from decayed agaves and other vegetable matter. Carcinops troglodytes (Paykull, 1811) Hister troglodytes Paykull 1811: 46 Paromalus troglodytes Erichson 1834: 169 Dendrophilus minutus Fahraeus in Boheman 1851: 551 Carcinops troglodytes Marseul 1855: 92; Gomy 1983: 333 Epierus rubripes Boheman 1858: 37 Carcinops palans Marseul 1862: 9 Carcinops quattuordecimstriata Scott 1913: 225 Distribution: Tropicopolitan: South America, Central and South Africa, Madeira, Canaries, India, Seychelles, Society Is., Madagascar, Comores, Reunion, Mauritius, Indochina, Taiwan, Philippines, Mariannas, New Caledonia, Hawaii. Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), La Digue (1892). Description: Upper surface black, shiny. Pronotum (Fig. 12) with ﬁne punctures mixed laterally with moderately coarse ones. Elytra with ﬁne punctures mixed on posterior half with moderately coarse but sparse ones. Dorsal striae 1-5 entire, rather coarsely punctate, relatively deep in anterior half, the 5th stria slightly arched at base. Sutural stria abbreviated basally. Inner subhumeral stria complete. Metasternum with two lateral striae, very ﬁnely punctulate laterally, with some coarser punctures near hind coxae. Legs paler as body, brownish red. Foretibia with 2 large teeth. Length: 2.1-2.6mm. Ecology: This species is commonly found under bark of trees where it may be a predator upon various insects. It may also occur in grain and stored grain products or in sheep-folds and poultry-houses owing to a human activity. Platylomalus alluaudi (Schmidt, 1893) Paromalus alluaudi Schmidt 1893: c; Scott 1913: 225 Platylomalus alluaudi Mazur 1984: 133 Distribution: Endemic: Silhouete (Mare aux Cochons, 1908), La Digue (1892) Description: Body oblong, nearly parallelsided, depressed, black, shiny. Mandibles and legs reddish-brown. Head very ﬁnely punctulate, clypeo-frontal stria complete. Pronotum incised in anterolateral angles, sparsely punctulate on disc, more strongly at sides. Marginal pronotal stria interrupted behind the head. Elytral punctation more coarse as on pronotum, the elytral base incised with an opaque dorsal stria reaching to the elytral midlength. Suture elevated in apical half. Propygidium densely punctulate. Pygidium very ﬁnely punctulate, with irregular circles in a female. Carinal striae present. Mesosternum covered with transverse rugae or punctures apically. Metasternum very ﬁnely punctulate. Foretibia with 4 teeth. Length: 1.3-2.0mm. Ecology: Under bark of trees.

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Platylomalus gardineri (Scott, 1913) Paromalus gardineri Scott 1913: 226; Bickhardt 1921: 159 Platylomalus gardineri Vienna 1983: 474 Distribution: Seychelles, Mascarenes, Comores, Spain, Morocco, Tunisia, Bali, Celebes, Nepal, Thailand, Hawaii. Long (1908), Silhouette (Jardin Marron, 2005) Description: Body (Fig. 13) oval, slightly convex, black, shiny. Head and pronotum densely and ﬁnely punctulate. Clypeo-frontal and pronotal marginal stria complete. Elytra strongly punctured, the punctures becoming ﬁner towards the inner basal angles. Elytral base with a transverse impression and with some coarse punctures. Single dorsal stria present, widened basally, terminating at about the middle of the elytral length. There is also a ﬁne subhumeral stria. Suture slightly elevated apically. Propygidium fairly densely and strongly punctate; pygidium with coarse punctures at base, the punctures becoming ﬁner apically, the apex very ﬁnely punctulate. Carinal striae divergent basally, sinuous medially. Marginal mesosternal stria widely interrupted anteriorly. Transverse median stria arched medially (Fig. 8). Meso- and metasternum very ﬁnely punctulate. Foretibia with 4 teeth. Length: 2.0mm. Ecology: Found under bark of trees where it probably preys on various small insects and other invertebrates. Eulomalus calciger (Scott, 1913) Paromalus calciger Scott 1913: 227; Bickhardt 1921: 158-159 Eulomalus calciger Cooman 1937: 158 Distribution: Endemic: Mahé (Morne Blane, Cascade Estate 1908-9), Silhouette (Mont Pot-àeau, 1908; Jardin Marron, 2005). Description: Body moderately convex, pitch-black, shiny. Head rather coarsely punctured, intermingled with ﬁne ground punctulation. Clypeo-frontal stria present along eyes only.

Fig. 12. Carcinops troglodytes.

Fig. 13. Platylomalus gardineri.

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Pronotum incised in antero-lateral angles, densely punctured. Elytra densely and strongly punctate, the punctures near the suture becoming ﬁner towards the base, the elytral base with a feeble transverse impression. Pro- and pygidium ﬁnely and fairly densely punctured. Prosternum narrow between carinal striae, slightly broader at base. Carinal striae feebly sinuous. Mesosternum only laterally margined. Median mesosternal stria transverse, biangulate, the median part as wide as two lateral parts together. Mesosternal disc punctate in front of the median stria, behind it almost impunctate. Metasternum densely and strongly punctured. Foretibia (Fig. 9) bent strongly at apex, forming a conspicuous blunt heel-like projection, with 4 teeth at outer margin. Length: 2.0mm. Ecology: Captured from under bark of trees at 250-500m altitude. Aeletes daubani (Scott, 1913) Acritus daubani Scott 1913: 231; Bickhardt 1921: 106 Aeletes daubani Mazur 1984: 24 Distribution: Seychelles, Comores, New Guinea. Silhouette (Pointe Étienne, Mare aux Cochons, 1908) Description: Body (Fig. 10) narrowly oval, moderately convex, pitch-ferrugineous with legs and antennae paler. Head very minutely punctulate. Pronotal punctation sparsely distributed, the punctures separated by almost twice their diameter. Pronotal base with a slightly arcuate crenato-carinate line, the disc behind this line impunctate. Elytral punctures slightly less strong than those on pronotum, shallow and disperse. Pro- and pygidium almost impunctate. Prosternum between carinal striae about 1.25 times as long as its breadth at base. Carinal striae slightly arcuate. Mesosternal marginal stria complete. Meso-metasternal suture composed of elongate, coarse punctures (Fig. 14). Metasternum almost impunctate medially, rather strongly but not closely punctate at sides. Length: 0.75mm. Ecology: Found together with Bacanius ambiguus under bark of a felled dicotyledonous tree and under bark of partly decayed stems. Aeletes davidsoni (Scott, 1913) Acritus davidsoni Scott, 1913: 231; Bickhardt, 1921: 106 Aeletes davidsoni Mazur, 1984: 24 Distribution: Endemic: Mahé (Morne Blanc, 1908), Silhouette (Mont Pot-à-Eau, 1908) Description: Body (Fig. 11) broadly oval, a little depressed, reddish-pitchy. Pronotum and elytra fairly closely punctured, the punctures drawn out into extremely ﬁne rugae, producing a dense striolation, differently directed but there is a general convergence towards the middle of the pronotal base and towards the inner angles of elytra; towards the humeri the punctures becoming obsolete but the strioles still present. Pro- and pygidium closely and ﬁnely strigoso-punctate, the general direction of the strioles being transverse. Prosternum narrowest at middle, a little longer than broad at base. Marginal mesosternal stria interrupted medially. Meso-metasternal suture marked as ﬁne line, without special sculpture (Fig. 15). Meso- and metasternum strongly punctured, much closer at middle than laterally, the punctures drawn out into short strioles. Length: 0.8mm. Ecology: Found in high damp forest at about 500m altitude. Aeletes fryeri (Scott, 1913) Acritus fryeri Scott 1913: 232; Bickhardt 1921: 106-107 Aeletes fryeri Mazur 1984: 25 Distribution: Endemic: Mahé (Cascade Estate, Mare aux Cochons, 1909), Praslin (Côtes d’Or Estate, 1908)

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Description: Body oblong-oval, depressed, reddish-brown, shiny. Head impunctate. Pronotum and elytra covered with a dense striolation, directed longitudinally, the striolation at the elytral apex being curved inwardly towards the sutural angle. Propygidium with extremely ﬁne, transverse striolation, the apex smooth. Prosternum a little more than 1.5 times as long as broad at base. Carinal striae diverging somewhat in front. Meso-metasternal suture distinct, with 6 large, transverse punctures medially. Meso- and metasternum ﬁnely striolato-punctulate. Length: 0.6-0.7mm. Ecology: Found at 250-500m altitude. Halacritus algarum (Schmidt, 1893) Acritus algarum Schmidt 1893: ciii; Scott 1913: 229-230 Halacritus algarum Lewis 1905: 62; Gomy 1978: 196-197 Halacritus lewisi Wenzel 1944: 61 Distribution: Seychelles, Comores, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, North Yemen, Sibuti, Somali, Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya. Long (1908), Anonyme (1909), La Digue (1892), Marianne (1892), Aride (1999). Description: Body oblong-oval, yellowish-brown, strongly shiny. Pygidial segment, mesosternum lateral and posterior to the middle coxae as well as prosternum alutaceous. Head and pronotum strongly and sparsely punctate. Elytral punctures much coarser than those of pronotum and for the most part aciculate, ﬂanks impunctate ore nearly so. Pro- and pygidium not evidently punctate. Mesosternum with a few rather ﬁne punctures, its marginal stria complete. Metasternal disc ﬁnely punctate on about anterior part, the punctures on posterior half moderately coarse. Foretibia (Fig. 16) with 7-9 spinules. Length: 0.9-1.0mm. Ecology: A maritime species being found in and under decaying seaweed on beaches. Saprinus erichsoni Marseul, 1855 Saprinus erichsoni Marseul 1855: 363; Scott 1913: 233; Bickhardt 1921: 114; Gomy 1983: 313-314 Distribution: Madagascar, Seychelles, Mauritius, Reunion, Somalia. Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1909), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Description: Body oval, moderately convex, black. Head (Fig. 17) ﬂat, rugosely punctate; frontal stria obsolete. Pronotal disc ﬁnely punctulate, more coarsely and densely anteriorly and laterally. Marginal pronotal stria complete. Hypomeron ciliate. Elytral punctation (Fig. 18) dense and coarse, the humeri, elytral apex and basal part of the 2nd and 4th interval almost impunctate. Elytral apex with a yellow, bilobate spot. Dorsal striae 1-4 present, reaching to the middle. Sutural stria abbreviated basally. Pygidium narrowly margined, densely punctured. Pro- and mesosternum punctate. Carinal striae divergent and united anteriorly. Mesosternal marginal stria complete. Foretibia with 7-8 rather large teeth. Length: 5.0-6.0mm. Ecology: Found under carcasses of small animals (cats, birds, reptiles, ﬁshes, etc.) Hypocaccus brasiliensis (Paykull, 1811) Hister brasiliensis Paykull 1811: 66 Saprinus apricarius Erichson 1834: 194; Scott 1913: 234 Saprinus dentipes Marseul 1855: 728 Saprinus bistrigifrons Marseul 1855: 729 Saprinus permixtus LeConte 1878: 401 Saprinus laxatus Casey 1893: 572 Saprinus piscarius Blackburn 1903: 108

53

14

16

15

17

18

19 21

20

Figs. 14-21. 14-15; pro- and mesosternum: 14 – Aeletes daubani, 15 – Ae. davidsoni, 16 – Halacritus algarum, foretibia, 17-18 – Saprinus erichsoni: 17 – head, 18 – left elytron, 19-20 – Hypocaccus brasiliensis: 19 – head, 20 – elytra, 21 – H. disjunctus, body outline.

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Hypocaccus brasiliensis Lewis 1905: 77 Hypocaccus apricarius Bickhardt 1921: 138 Distribution: South Europe, North and tropical Africa, Central and South America, Oriental Region, Central Asia, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Canaries, Reunion, Mauritius, Seychelles. Bird Island (1908), Providence (Cerf 1905). Description: Body oval, brown and shiny. Frons (Fig. 19) with distinct and straight frontal stria and, additionally, with two transverse, more or less arcuate rugae. Pronotum densely and rather coarsely punctured, the punctation becoming rugose in antero-lateral angles. Elytra with four dorsal striae reaching to the middle, the 4th one united basally with complete sutural stria. Elytral punctation usually dense and coarse (Fig. 20). The interspaces intermingled with a ground dense shagreen, giving an opaque appearance. Carinal striae parallel in apical half. Mesosternum sparsely and ﬁnely punctate. Foretibia with 6 teeth. Length: 2.5-4.0mm. Ecology: Found under small carcasses and other decaying matter where it preys on dipteran larvae. Hypocaccus disjunctus (Marseul, 1855) Saprinus disjunctus Marseul 1855: 731; Scott 1913: 234 Hypocaccus disjunctus Lewis 1905: 77; Bickhardt 1921: 127 Distribution: Madagascar, Comores, Glorieuse and Cargados Carajos Islands (its occurrence in Seychelles is not conﬁrmed but is highly probable). Description: Shortly oval, feebly convex, pitch-brown with brownish tinge. Punctation of the pronotum, posterior elytral half and pygidial segments very ﬁne and indistinct. Head ﬂat, the frontal stria feebly arcuate, there are also two transverse rugae behind it. Marginal pronotal stria complete. Dorsal striae abbreviated, reaching only to 1/3 of elytral length (Fig. 21), the 4th one more shorter, often obsolete. Sutural stria abbreviated basally. Prosternum narrow. Carinal striae parallel anteriorly. Mesosternum smooth, its marginal stria complete. Foretibia with 5 teeth. Length: 2.5-3.0mm. Ecology: Found on sandy coastal shores under small carcasses or wrack where dipteran larvae serve as food. References Aubé C. 1843. Description de deux coléoptères nouveaux appartenant a la faune parisienne. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France (2) 1: 73-76. Bickhardt H. 1921. Die Histeriden des aethiopischen Faunengebiets. Teil I, II. Arch. Naturgesch. (A) 87: 43-145, 146-208. Blackburn T. & Sharp D. 1885. Memoirs on the Coleoptera of the Hawaiian Islands. Sci. Trans. R. Dublin Soc. (2) 3: 119-300. Blackburn T. 1903. Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with description of new genera and species. Trans. Proc. R. Soc. South Austral. 27: 91-182. Boheman C. 1851. Insecta Caffraria annis 1838 – 1845 a J.A. Wahlberg collecta. Coleoptera pars I, fasc. II, Holmiae, p. 299-625. Boheman C. 1858. Coleoptera. Species novas descripsit. Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies resa omkring jorden unter befäl af C. Virgin. Vetenskapliga Jakttagelser Insecter. Stockholm, 1, 112 pp. Casey T.L. 1893. Coleopterological notices. V. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 7: 533-578. Cooman A. 1937. Étude sur les genres Paromalus Er. et Eulomalus n. g. (Col. Histeridae). Avec descriptions d’espèces nouvelles. Notes Entomol. Chin. 4: 89-167. Dégallier N. & Mazur S. 1989. Note synonymique sur les genres Pactolinus Motschulsky, Pachylister Lewis et Macrolister Lewis (Col. Histeridae). Nouv. Rev. Entoml. (N. S.) 6: 84.

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Erichson W.F. 1834, Uebersicht der Histeroides der Sammlung. Jahrb. Insectenkunde 1: 83-208. Gomy Y. 1978. Les Halacritus Schmidt des rivages de la Mer Rouge et de l’Ocean Indien occidental (Col. Histeridae). Nouv. Rev. Entomol. 8: 181-203. Gomy Y. 1980. Contribution à la connaissance des micro-Histeridae (Première note). Nouv. Rev. Entomol. 10: 163-175. Gomy Y. 1980b. Courte note sur le sous-genre Neobacanius (Col. Histeridae). L’Entomologiste 36: 193-196. Gomy Y. 1983. Les coléoptères Histeridae des iles Mascareignes. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 84: 269-348. Johnson S.A. & all., 1991. Mazur’s World Catalogue of Histeridae: emendations, replacement names for homonyms, and an index. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 62 (2), 100 pp.. LeConte J.L. 1878. Additional descriptions of new species by John L. LeConte. Pp 373-434. In: Schwarz A.: The Coleoptera of Florida. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 17: 353-472. Lewis G. 1905. A systematic catalogue of Histeridae, London, vi+81 pp. 1906. On new species of Histeridae and notices of others. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 17: 337-344. Marseul S.A. 1854. Essai monographique sur la famille des histerides (Suite). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France (3) 2: 161-311, 525-592. Marseul S.A. 1855. Essai monographique sur la famillle des histerides (Suite). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France (3) 3: 83-165, 327-506, 677-758. Marseul S.A. 1856. Essai monographique sur la famillle des histerides (Suite). Ann. Soc. Entomol. France (3) 4: 97-144, 259-283, 549-628. Mazur S. 1984. A world catalogue of Histeridae. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 54 (3-4): 1-376. Mazur S. 1999. Preliminary studies upon the Platysoma complex (Col. Histeridae). Ann. Warsaw Agr. Univ., Forestry & Wood Technology 49: 3-29. Mazur S. 2004. On the genus Pactolinus Motschulsky, 1860 and two related genera (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Baltic J. Coleopterol. 4(2): 165-172. Ménétries E. 1832. Catalogue raisonné des objets de zoologie recueilis dans un voyage au Caucase et jusqu’aux frontières actuelles de la Perse entrepris par ordre de S. M. l’Empereur. St. Pétersbourg, [2]+271+xxxii+iv+[1] pp. Paykull G. 1811. Monographia Histeroidum. Uppsaliae, 114 pp. Redtenbacher L. 1848. Aufzählung und Beschreibung der von Freiherrn Crl. v. Hügel auf seiner Reise durch Kaschmir und das Himalayagebirge gesammelten Insecten. In: C. Hügel: Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek. Stuttgart, 4 (2), p. 393-564, 583-585. Schmidt J. 1889. Neue Histeriden (Coleoptera). Entomol. Nachrich. (Berlin) 15: 329-341. 1893. Histeridae des îles Séchelles. Bull. Soc. Entomol. France 1893: xcix-ciii. Scott H. 1913. The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. Vol. V, No. X. Coleoptera; Hydrophilidae, Histeridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lon. (2: Zool.) 16: 193-235. Vienna P. 1983. Gli Histeridae (Coleoptera) raccolti in Estremo Oriented al Dr. Osella. Bol. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Verona 4 (1982): 469-478. Wenzel R.L. 1944. On the classiﬁcation of the histerids beetles. Fieldiana: Zoology 28: 51-151.

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Superfamily Staphylinoidea J. Gerlach Family PTILIIDAE The Ptiliidae (featherwing beetles) are minute beetles, consequently although they are diverse (over 400 species described) they are very poorly known. Wings of ptiliids are reduced to a narrow membrane fringed with hairs. They are the smallest beetles, ranging from 0-3-2.0mm. The eggs of these beetles are large relative to their body size (half the abdomen length) and consequently are developed only one at a time. Some genera are parthenogenetic. They are detritivore and fungal spore feeders, found in detritus. The Seychelles species (including material collected in 2000-2005) are currently being revised by G. Hoffman. Actinopteryx acuminata Britten, 1926 Actinopteryx acuminata Britten 1926: 91 Distribution: Endemic – Long (1908), Anonyme (1909). Actinopteryx rufescens Britten, 1926 Actinopteryx rufescens Britten 1926: 92 Distribution: Endemic – Anonyme (1909). Acrotrichis brunnea Britten, 1926 Acrotrichis brunnea Britten 1926: 91 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Acrotrichis ovatula Motschulsky, 1808 Acrotrichis ovatula Britten 1926: 91 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Cascade 1909) Actidium lineare Matthews, 1874 Actidium lineare Britten 1926: 89 Australasia – Anonyme (1909). ‘Ptenidium’ reticulatum Britten, 1926 Ptenidium reticulatum Britten 1926: 88 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908). Johnson (1970) considered this species to belong to a different genus. Ptiliodes pruinosus Britten, 1926 Ptiliodes pruinosus Britten 1926: 90 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Ptiliolum castaneum Britten, 1926 Ptiliolum castaneum Britten 1926: 89 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1909).

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Ptiliolum rufotestaceum (Matthews, 1894) Ptiliolum rufotestaceum Britten 1926: 89 Distribution: Pantropical – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Ptinella concinna Britten, 1926 Ptinella concinna Britten 1926: 90 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Ptinella impressicollis Britten, 1926 Ptinella impressicollis Britten 1926: 90 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Pilot, Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Ptinellodes aldabrica Johnson, 1970 Ptinellodes aldabrica 1970: 450 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra. Throscidium testaceum Britten, 1926 Throscidium testaceum Britten 1926: 88 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908). Throscidium brunneum Britten, 1926 Throscidium brunneum Britten 1926: 89 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). References Britten, H. 1926 Coleoptera, Ptiliidae (Trichopterygidae). Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.). 19: 87-92 Johnson, C. 1970 Insular species of Ptenidium (Col., Ptiliidae) from the Indian Ocean. J. Nat. Hist. 4: 447-454 Johnson, C. 1985 Revision of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) occurring in the Mascarenes, Seychelles and neighbouring islands. Entomol. Basil. 10: 159-237 Family SCYDMAENIDAE Scydmaenids are a large family of some 4,500 species of small beetles (‘ant-like stone beetles’) reaching 3mm long. There may be a constriction at the back of the head and the thorax, resulting in an ant-like shape to the thorax. They are leaf-litter and rotten wood inhabiting organisms. Many feed on oribatid mites and are associated with ants. No ant associations have been reported for the Seychelles species. All Seychelles species belong to the subfamily Scydmaeninae. Due to their small size (the largest Seychelles species is 2.3mm long) they are usually overlooked and are very poorly known. Key: 1. Antennal insertions widely separated Antennal insertions narrowly separated

Cephenniini 6 2

58 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Emarginate end of antennomere I; pronotum ovoid and convex Scydmaenini 3 Antennomere I not emarginate Cyrtoscydmini 13 Black Scydmaenus seychellensis 4 Reddish Shiny Scydmaenus lodoiceae 5 Hairy 1.6mm Scydmaenus armatus 1.3mm Scydmaenus insularum Prothorax as wide as elytra 7 Prothorax narrower than elytra 8 2 tubercles at back of prothorax Cephennium felicitas 4 tubercles Neseuthia typica 2 tubercles on elytra Neseuthia crenata 9 Fewer than 2 tubercles Distinctly waisted Neseuthia cordithorax 10 Not waisted Black Neseuthia minor 11 Brown Uniform 12 Head reddish Neseuthia cornuta Dull, hairy Neseuthia perexigua Shiny, hair inconspicuous Neseuthia polita Prothorax as wide as elytra Stenichnoteras montanum 14 Prothorax narrower than elytra Elytra hairy Euconnus seychellensis Elytra not hairy Euconnus senex

Cephennium felicitas Scott, 1922 Cephennium felicitas Scott 1922: 200 Description: Shiny red-brown, antennae yellowish. Distinctive in possessing a long curved spine on the apex of the middle tibia. Short and broad. Length 0.7mm. Distribution: Endemic – Felicite (1908). Known only from the holotype. Euconnus senex Scott, 1922 Euconnus senex Scott 1922: 218 Description: Black, very shiny, with ﬁne yellow pubescence. Length 1.5mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Morne Dauban 1908). Euconnus seychellensis Scott, 1922 Euconnus seychellensis Scott 1922: 219 Description: Blackish with reddish appendages; shiny with ﬁne brownish pubescence. Length 1.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908-9), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Some specimens from axils of Lodoicea maldivica palms.

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Neseuthia cordithorax Scott, 1922 Neseuthia cordithorax Scott 1922: 204 Description: Blackish, head reddish, shiny; antennae and legs yellowish; pilosity short, pale. Prothorax with sinuous sides, elytra broad before middle giving a “waisted” appearance. Length 0.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (near Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype. Neseuthia cornuta Scott, 1922 Neseuthia cornuta Scott 1922: 205 Description: Dark brown, head reddish, legs and antennae yellowish. Elytra punctured, pilosity short, pale. Head with two deep depressions between eyes. Length 0.9mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908). Known only from the holotype. Neseuthia crenata Scott, 1922 Neseuthia crenata Scott 1922: 207 Description: Shiny black with a translucent reddish spot on either side of prothorax; legs yellowish, antennae black. Broad. Length 0.9mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois 1908). Neseuthia minor Scott, 1922 Neseuthia minor Scott 1922: 203 Description: Black, slightly shiny with pale pubescence. Legs and antennae yellowish. Length 0.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Trois Freres 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). One specimen collected from a Phoenicophorium borsigianum palm axil. Neseuthia perexigua Scott, 1922 Neseuthia perexigua Scott 1922: 205 Description: Dark blackish brown, surface dull, densely punctured, pilosity long. Legs and antennae yellowish. Length 0.6mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Felicite (1908). Neseuthia typica Scott, 1922 Neseuthia typica Scott 1922: 201 Description: Shiny reddish black; legs and antennae paler. Fine pale pilosity. Prothorax wide, margins slightly sinuate. Broad. Length 0.9mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Mt. Sebert, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (forest at 500m 1908). Neseuthia polita Scott, 1922 Neseuthia polita Scott 1922: 206 Description: Dark brown, legs and antennae yellowish. Shiny with short, sparse, pale pubescence. Broad. Length 0.7mm. Distribution: Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype, collected from the axil of a Pheonicophorium borsigianum palm. Scydmaenus armatus Scott, 1922 Scydmaenus armatus Scott 1922: 208 Description: Reddish or yellowish, antennae dark at tips. Stout. Length 1.6mm

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Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Felicite (1908). From sea level to 600m. Scydmaenus insularum Scott, 1922 Scydmaenus insularum Scott 1922: 212 Description: Reddish or yellowish, shiny with ﬁne, golden pubescence, longer than in S. seychellensis. Length 1.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mt Dauban, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Scydmaenus lodoiceae Scott, 1922 Scydmaenus lodoiceae Scott 1922: 213 Description: Blackish, prothorax may be reddish. Shiny, ﬁnd golden pubescence. Length 2.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Collected from axils of Lodoicea maldivica palms. Scydmaenus seychellensis Scott, 1922 Scydmaenus seychellensis Scott 1922: 211 Description: Reddish or yellowish, shiny with ﬁne, golden pubescence. Length 1.4mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Stenichnoteras montanum Scott, 1922 Stenichnoteras montanum Scott 1922: 217 Description: Eyes very small with no clear facets, reniform. Blackish. Shiny with long erect yellowish pubescence. Head small, eyes prominent, prothorax expanded. Length 2.0mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Pilot 1908), Silhouette (Gratte Fesse 1998). Suggested to be a possible termitophile or myrmecophile (Scott 1922), 1998 specimen collected from Pandanus hornei liter.. References Scott, H. 1922. Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae ( supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. In: J.S. Gardiner. The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr J. Stanley Gardiner, M.A. Volume VII. Trans Linn Soc Lond Zool (2) 18(4): 195-260. Family STAPHYLINIDAE The Staphylinidae are a highly diverse group. Most taxa are in need of world-wide taxonomic revision, this is particularly true of the Seychelles taxa, most of which are poorly deﬁned. The majority of species are known only from material collected by Scott in 1908-9 and inadequately described by Bernhauer (1922). It has proved impossibly to identify most of the recent collections from this work and only a small number of provisional identiﬁcations are added to the localities of the species listed below.

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Key to Seychelles subfamilies: 1. Abdomen long 2 Abdomen short and broad, not longer than prothorax Pselaphiinae 2. Antennae inserted between or behind eyes 3 Antennae inserted before eyes 5 3. Elytra concealing all except last 2 abdominal tergites; short, wedge-shaped, long slender appendages Scaphidiinae 4 Elytra exposing at least 3 tergites; body not wedge-shaped 4. Eyes large and protruding; head wider than prothorax Steninae Eyes not large and protruding, head not wider than prothorax Aleocharinae 5. Head with paired ocelli Omaliinae 6 Head without paired ocelli 6. Antennae with 2-segmented club Euaesthetinae 7 Antennae not clubbed 7. Antennal insertions concealed by frontal ridges 8 Antennal insertions exposed 10 8. Abdomen cylindrical, or ﬂattened in yellowish species with constricted thoraxOsoriinae 9 Abdomen laterally keeled 9. Apical segment of maxillary palp much longer than preceding segment Oxytelinae Apical segment of maxillary palp reduced Paederinae (part) 10. Head without distinct neck, spindle-shaped Tachyporinae 11 Head with distinct neck 11. Pronotum with distinct, post-coxal projection Paederinae (part) Pronotum without post-coxal process, mostly large, robust species Staphylininae Aleocharinae Adult Aleocharinae are stout and may reach 9mm long although Seychelles species are all under 2mm. Most species are dark coloured. The abdomen may be ornamented with tubercles or spines. Most are generalist predators, some may be mycophagous (e.g. Gyrophaena), some species are termitophilous or myrmecophilous. Larvae of Aleochara are internal parasitoids of ﬂy pupae, the adults feed on the eggs and larvae of cyclorrhaphous ﬂies. Key: 1. Tarsi 4-4-4 segmented Hypocyphtii (Holobus chrysopyga) Pronomaeini (Bryothinusa seychellensis) Tarsi 4-4-5 segmented 3. Tarsi 4-5-5 segmented Tarsi 5-5-5 segmented; maxillary and labial palps with an additional pseudosegment, so Aleocharini (Aleochara funesta) appearing 5 and 4 segmented respectively 2. Eyes very small, less than 0.3 times length of head Placusini (Placusa insularis) Eyes larger Gryphaenina (Gyrophaena plicata) 3. Elongate 4. Paracyphea spp. Less elongate (<1.5 times longer than wide) 4. Abdomen broad Falagriini (Falagria coarcticollis) Abdomen fusiform Acrotona spp. 5. Abdomen parallel sided 5. Pronotum 1.2-1.4 times wider than long 6. Dalotia coriaria Pronotum 1.4-1.8 times wider than long

62 6.

Pronotum slightly narrowed posteriorly Athetini (Atheta, Brundinia) Pronotum distinctly rounded Homalotini (Anebolura, Coenonica, Diestota, Neosilusa) & Bolitocharina (Bolitochara)

Acrotona dilutipennis (Motschulsky, 1858) Atheta (Atheta) dilutipennis Bernhauer 1922: 185 Distribution: Asia, Mascarenes – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Marianne (1908). Acrotona ﬂavocephala (Bernhauer, 1921) Atheta (Acrotona) ﬂavocephala Bernhauer 1922: 185 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Felicite (coastal dry forest 1908). Aleochara funesta Bernhauer, 1901 Aleochara funesta Bernhauer 1922: 186 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9). 300m. The Seychelles species was suggested to belong to the Madagascar species A. aepyornithidorum Pace, 1999 but this is not certain from the material available (Pace 1999). Anebolura longicollis (Bernhauer, 1922) Leptusa longicollis Bernhauer 1922: 180 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (high forest 1908). Found in leaf bases. Anebolura minutissima Bernhauer, 1922 Anebolura minutissima Bernhauer 1922: 182 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Seychellois, Morne Blanc, Cascade, Trois Freres 19089), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Felicite (1908). Anebolura rudepunctata (Bernhauer, 1922) Leptusa rudepunctata Bernhauer 1922: 180 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Anebolura sechellarum (Bernhauer, 1922) Leptusa sechellarum Bernhauer 1922: 181 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Anebolura tenuipunctata (Bernhauer, 1921) Paracyphea tenuipunctata Bernhauer 1922: 183 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (high forest 1908). Some collected from leaf bases. Anebolura tropica (Bernhauer, 1922) Leptusa tropica Bernhauer 1922: 179 Distribution: Mauritius – Mahé (Morne Blanc), Silhouette (high forest 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Collected from palm axils.

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Atheta (Atheta) laeticollis Fauvel, 1898 Atheta (Atheta) laeticollis Fauvel 1898: 121; Kolbe 1910: 21. Bernhauer 1922: 185 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 19089), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (1892). Recorded from 500605m. Specimens possibly of this species were collected on Mahé (Mt. Sebert) in 2002. ‘Bolitochara’ sp. (?) Bolitochara amabilis Bernhauer 1922: 184 Distribution: Long (1908). Identiﬁcation requires conﬁrmation. Brundinia insulana (Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926) Atheta (Metaxya) insularis Bernhauer 1922: 185 Brundinia insulana Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz 1926: 600 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). 500m Bryothinusa seychellensis Pace, 2008 Bryothinusa seychellensis Pace 2006: 549 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Grande Anse 1972). Coenonica puncticollis Kraatz , 1857 Coenonica puncticollis Fauvel 1898: 122; Kolbe 1910: 21. Bernhauer 1922: 184 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz, 1856) Atheta (Atheta) coriaria Bernhauer 1922: 185 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Marianne (1908). Diestota testacea (Kraatz, 1859) Diestota testacea Bernhauer 1922: 179. Pace 2008: 552 Distribution: Australia, Mauritius – Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai). Recorded from 300-650m. Falagria coarcticollis Fauvel, 1898 Falagria coarcticollis Fauvel 1898: 121; Kolbe 1910: 21. Bernhauer 1922: 184 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Mahé (Anse Aux Pins, Anse Royale marshes 1909). Gyrophaena plicata Fauvel, 1898 Gyrophaena plicata Fauvel 1898: 120; Kolbe 1910: 21; Bernhauer 1922: 179 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (coastal marshes and high forest 1908-9), Silhouette (high forest 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1892, 1908). Holobus chrysopyga (Kraatz, 1859) Oligota chrysopyga Bernhauer 1922: 178 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Neosilusa tropica (Bernhauer, 1915) Neosilusa tropica Newton & Thayer 2003: 50 Distribution: Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles – no locality (Newton & Thayer 2003)

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Paracyphea asperata Bernhauer, 1922 Paracyphea asperata Bernhauer 1922: 183 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1908), Silhouette (high forest 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). From axils of Pandanus spp., Roscheria melanochaetes, Lodoicea maldivica. Recorded fro 250m (Vallee de Mai, Praslin) to 650m (Morne Pilot, Mahé). Paracyphea maheana Bernhauer, 1922 Paracyphea maheana Bernhauer 1922: 184 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Marianne (1908). Some specimens collected from Pandanus hornei and Phoenicophorium borsigianum bases. Placusa insularis Bernhauer, 1922 Placusa insularis Bernhauer 1922: 179 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), from under bark of Dracaena Euaesthetinae Adults are slender and reach 4mm long. They are brown, often yellowish or reddish, densely punctured. They live in debris at water body margins and are probably predatory. Key: 1. 2.

Prothorax longer than wide, dull, >1mm long Prothorax length and width subequal, shiny, 0.7-0.8mm 2mm 1.8mm

2

Edaphus sechellarum Edaphus africanus Edaphus spectabilis

Edaphus africanus Eppelsheim, 1885 Edaphus africanus Bernhauer 1922: 169 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Some specimens collected from axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum. Edaphus sechellarum Bernhauer, 1922 Edaphus sechellarum Bernhauer 1922: 170. Orousset 1985: 250, 1988: 52 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (La Passe, Mare aux Cochons, upper Jardin Marron 1908, 1999, 2001). Some collected in association with the ant Technomyrmex albipes. Edaphus spectabilis Bernhauer, 1922 Edaphus spectabilis Bernhauer 1922: 169. Orousset 1986: 402, 1988: 50 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), La Digue (2007). Omaliinae Omaliinae vary from small (1.5) to large (6mm) broad staphylinids. They live in leaf-litter preying on insects or feeding on detritus, or live in ﬂowers where they may be pollen feeders. Only a single Seychelles species is recorded.

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Paraphloeostiba seychellensis Steel, 1960 Phloeonomus singularis Bernhauer 1922: 167 Paraphloestiba seychellensis Steel 1960: 150 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (over 300m 1908, Mt. Dauban 2008). Osoriinae This subfamily is very varied in body size, from 1.5mm to 15mm. They live under bark, in rotting wood or among plant roots where they are saprophagous or mycophagous (Thoracophorus). Clavilispinus are largely parthenogenetic species. Key: 1.

2.

3. 4.

5.

6. 7.

8.

Membranous suture present between each abdominal tergum and sternum; body ﬂattened Eleusinini (Eleusis terminata) Abdominal terga and sternites 3-7 fused into complete rings; body ﬂattened to convex 2 Procoxa with deep groove and carina mesally; protibia with inner edge concave and a comb of setae; body convex, nearly cylindrical, antennae strongly geniculate Osoriini 4 No ﬁne carina; procoxal inner edge straight, no comb of setae; more or less ﬂattened 3 Procoxae separated ventrally by a ﬂat prosternal process Lispinina 5 Procoxae contiguous Thoracophorini 6 Lateral marginal carina or pronotum and epipleural keel of elytra absent; pronotum constricted at base Arpagonus insularis Lateral marginal carina of pronotum and epipleural keel of elytra present; pronotum gradually constricted at most Mimogonus, Osorius & Thoracogonus Abdominal segments with diagonal striae ventrally; elytra may have subhumeral sulcus Lispinus on disc; tarsi 4-segmented; head angular Abdominal segments without diagonal strigae; no discal sulcus; tarsi 5-segmented; head rounded Nacaeus Procoxal ﬁssure open, trochantin exposed Clavilispinina 7 Procoxal ﬁssure closed, trochantin concealed 8 Head large, subequal in width to elytra; abdominal sterna without distinct diagonal strigae Clavilispinus exiguus Head small, narrower than elytra; sterna with diagonal strigae Allotrochus curticollis Elytra costate; body surface roughly sculptured, dull; abdominal sternite 8 extended dorsally in front of tergite; tarsi 5-segmented Thorcophorina (Thoracophorus alluaudi) Elytra not costate; body coarsely but sparsely punctuate, shiny; abdominal sternum 8 not Glyptomina (Espeson & Lispinodes) visible from above; tarsi 4-segmented

Allotrochus curticollis (Fauvel, 1898) Holotrochus curticollis Fauvel 1898: 115. Kolbe 1910: 29. Allotrochus curticollis Fagel 1955: 79. Coiffait 1979: 64 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – La Digue (1892). Arpagonus insularis (Bernhauer, 1922) Paragonus insularis Bernhauer 1922: 168 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Possibly this species collected on Mahé (Le Niol 1991) and Silhouette (Anse Patates 1999).

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Clavispinus exiguus (Erichson, 1840) Ancaeus laevigatus Fauvel 1898: 114. Kolbe 1910: 21 Ancaeus exiguus Bernhauer 1922: 165 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Cascade 1909), La Digue (1892). Eleusis terminata Fauvel, 1869 Elueusis kraatzi Bernhauer 1922: 165 Distribution: Asia – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Cousine (1998). Espeson peyrierasi Lecoq, 1995 Espeson peyrierasi Lecoq 1995: 418 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (700m). Lispinodes scotti (Bernhauer, 1922) Espeson scotti Bernhauer 1922: 166. Scheerpeltz 1970: 125 Pseudespeson scotti Lecoq 1994: 304 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), 500m. Reddish-yellow. 3mm. Lispinus aequalis (Fauvel, 1878) Lispinus aequalis Bernhauer 1922: 166 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Cascade 1908). Lispinus obscurellus (Fauvel, 1904) Lispinus obscurellus Bernhauer 1922: 166 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1909), Long (1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Pt. Etienne 1908). Lispinus politulus (Fauvel, 1898) Lispinus politus Fauvel 1898: 111. Kolbe 1910: 21. Bernhauer 1922: 165 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), La Digue (1892). Mimogonus fumator (Fauvel, 1889) Mimogonus fumator Bernhauer 1922: 168 Distribution: Pantropical (widely introduced) – Felicite (1908). Nacaeus castaneus (Fauvel, 1878) Lispinus castaneus Fauvel 1898: 114. Kolbe 1910: 21 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (1892). Nacaeus robusticollis Bernhauer, 1929 Lispinus impressicollis Bernhauer 1922: 166 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1909), Long (1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Some from Pheonicophorium borsigianum bases.

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Nacaeus specularis (Bernhauer, 1904) Lispinus specularis Bernhauer 1922: 165 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Pte. Etienne 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Some collected from Phoenicophorium borsigianum axils Osorius sechellarum Kolbe, 1910 Osorius sechellarum Kolbe 1910: 20. Bernhauer 1922: 169 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Casse Dent, Cascade 1909, 2002), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons, Jardin Marron 1908, 2000-8). From rotten wood and leaf bases of Phoenicophorium borsigianum. Abundant in leaf litter in all high forest areas, one of the commonest staphylinids. Thoracogonus caecus Coiffait, 1979 Thoracogonus caecus Coiffait 1979: 25 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Seychellois) Thoracogonus peyrierasi Coiffait, 1979 Thoracogonus peyrierasi Coiffait 1979: 24 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Seychellois) Thoracophorus alluaudi Fauvel, 1898 Thoracophorus alluaudi Fauvel 1898: 115. Kolbe 1910: 21. Bernhauer 1922: 166 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), La Digue (1892). Oxytelinae Most oxytelines are small (<1mm) although they can reach 10mm. They are relatively robust, most with large heads and prominent jaws. Some species (e.g. Bledius) are subsocial, with adults maintaining the tunnels containing eggs. They are saprophagous, fungivorous or, in the case of Bledius, algivorous, living in detritus, dung or tunnels in muddy or sandy shores. Key: 1. 2.

Procoxal ﬁssure absent; head at least as wide as prothorax and elytra Anotylus nitidifrons 2 Procoxal ﬁssure present; head narrower than other tagma Head and thorax with horn-like projections; anterior tibia with longitudinal spine row; 4-5mm Bledius marinus Thinodromus palustris Head and thorax unarmed; anterior without spines; 2mm

Anotylus nitidifrons (Wollaston, 1871) Oxytelus nitidifrons Fauvel 1898: 115. Kolbe 1910: 20 Oxyteles ferrugineus Fauvel 1898: 115 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (1892). Possible specimen from Silhouette (La Passe 2008). Bledius marinus Bernhauer, 1922 Beldius marinus Bernhauer 1922: 168 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Dark red brown, 4-5mm head and thorax with horns

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Thinodromus palustris (Bernhauer, 1922) Trogophloeus (Carpalimus) palustris Bernhauer 1922: 167 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Anse aux Pins, Anse Royale 1909), from coastal marshes Dark blackish brown. 1.9-2.2mm. Paederinae Adults may reach 20mm, although most are much smaller. They are elongate and some may be brightly coloured. Mandibles are long, slender and curved. They live in detritus, although some are arboreal (Palaminus), all are predatory. Key: 1. Front of head with a broad projection, eyes nearer thorax than mouth, neck narrow 2 Front of head normal 5 2. Thorax angular 6 Thorax rounded, 3-4mm; reddish to black 3 3. Neck long and narrow, distinct; thorax narrower than other sections Rugilus ceylanensis 4 Neck narrow but not distinct from above; thorax narrower than elytra, as wide as head 4. Anterior tarsi not expanded, terrestrial Dibelonetes depressipennis Anterior tarsi expanded, climbs on vegetation Palaminus pennifer 5. Stout bodied, thorax distinctly angular, abdomen truncate, mostly red to yellow-brown 6 Slender, thorax less angular, usually tapering; neck long, slender; black Scopaeus spp. 6. Thorax quadrangular 7 Thorax pentagonal, 4-5mm Astenus spp. 7. Thorax distinctly small Medon microthorax 8 Thorax normal 8. No more than 2mm, slender (10 times longer than wide), head wider than thorax 9 3mm or more, not slender (less than 7 times longer than wide); head may be wider or 10 narrower than thorax 9. <2mm Sunius debilicornis 2mm Sunius testaceorufus 10. Red-yellow 11 Brownish 14 11. Head wider than anterior of thorax; c3mm, reddish brown Isocheilus duplicatus 12 Head narrower than thorax 12. Pale brown Medon cephalotes Reddish brown Medon strigosus 13 Dark brown 13. 3mm Medon nigripennis Medon testaceomarginatus >3mm 14. Head red-yellow Medon trapeziformis Head rusty red Medon variipennis Two European species were listed by Bernhauer (1922) but probably represent misidentiﬁcations: ‘Astenus melanarius’ (Silhouette 1908) and ‘Astenus neglectus’ (Long, above tide-line 1908).

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Astenus scotti Bernhauer, 1922 Astenus scotti Bernhauer 1922: 170 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Copolia, Congo Rouge 1908, 1996), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Dibelonetes depressipennis (Bernhauer, 1921) Astenus depressipennis Bernhauer 1922: 171 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Pilot, Morne Seychellois 1909). Recorded over 500m. Isocheilus duplicatus (Fauvel, 1905) Medon duplicatus Bernhauer 1922: 175 Distribution: Madagascar – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Medon cephalotes Bernhauer, 1922 Medon cephalotes Bernhauer 1922: 174 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (high forest 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Many from axils of Pandanus hornei, Phoenicophorium borsigianum and Lodoicea maldivica – Bernhauer 1922). Medon microthorax Fauvel, 1898 Medon microthorax Fauvel 1898: Distribution: Madagascar – Seychelles (1898): specimens referred to this species from Cousine (1998). Medon nigripennis Bernhauer, 1922 Medon nigripennis Bernhauer 1922: 174 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Medon strigosus Bernhauer, 1922 Medon strigosus Bernhauer 1922: 175 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), a possible specimen from Aride (1999) Medon testaceomarginatus Bernhauer, 1922 Medon testaceomarginatus Bernhauer 1922: 173 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Many collected from Phoenicophorium borsigianum axils Medon trapeziformis Bernhauer, 1922 Medon trapeziformis Bernhauer 1922: 173 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Copolia 1908, 1994), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Cascade (Cote d’Or 1908). Medon variipennis Bernhauer, 1922 Medon varipennis Bernhauer 1922: 173 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908).

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Palaminus pennifer Fauvel, 1904 Palaminus pennifer Bernhauer 1922: 170 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (high forests over 300m 1908-9), Silhouette (over 300m 1908). Collected throughout high forest. Rugilus ceylanensis (Kraatz, 1859) Stilicus ceylanensis Bernhauer 1922: 172 Distribution: Asia, Australia, Mauritius – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908) Scopaeus sp. Scopaeus velutinus Bernhauer 1922: 175 Distribution: Long (beach 1908). Bernhauer (1922) incorrectly recorded this oriental species from Seychelles; the identity of this record is currently unknown (J. Frish pers. comm.). Scopaeus punctatellus Fauvel, 1905 Distribution: Africa – Silhouette (La Passe 2000), North (2000), Praslin (Vallee de Mai), Cousine (identiﬁed by J. Frisch). Scopaeus aff. limbatus Kraatz, 1859 Distribution: Asia – Silhouette (La Passe 2000), North (2000). Indian Ocean specimens previously referred to S. limbatus have been transferred to the Asian species S. sundaensis Frisch, 2005 and S. janaki Frisch, 2005 (Frisch 2005). Seychelles material is restricted to two females; males are needed to identify which species of the S. limbatus group is present (J. Frisch pers. comm.). Sunius debilicornis (Wollaston, 1857) Medon debilicornis Bernhauer 1922: 172 Distribution: Asia, Australia, Mascarenes – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons, Congo Rouge 1908-9, 1994), Long (1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Sunius testaceorufus (Bernhauer, 1922) Medon testaceorufus Bernhauer 1922: 172 Distribution: Endemic – Long (above high water mark 1908), beaches in seaweed. A possible species of Sunius was located under seaweed on Desroches in 2006. Pselaphinae (Staphylini) Pselaphines are unusually shaped for staphylinids, with a short, broad abdomen and an elongate thorax. The palps are notably elongate and clubbed. Eyes are large. All species are small (typically <2mm). They live in detritus, soil and in rotten wood, feeding on small insects. Some may be myrmecophilous. They are sometimes considered a distinct family. Key: 1. 2nd tarsomeres often longer than 3rd; metacoxae close Euplectitae 2 2nd tarsomeres at least as long as 3rd; metacoxae widely separated Goniaceritae 5 Tarsomere 2-3 usually subequal in length; metacoxae narrowly to moderately separated Batrisitae (Batrisodes caudatus)

71 2.

Head with prominent frontal rostrum, narrow (1/3 head width) Bythinoplectini 7 Head with wide rostrum if present (1/2 head width) 3 3. 2 tarsomeres; frontal rostrum prominent, narrow Dimerini (Octomicrus semipunctatus) 3 tarsomeres; frontal rostrum usually broad and low Trichonychini 4 4. No antebasal sulcus on pronotum; mesocoxae not widely separated Bibloporina (Omobathus elegans) Antebasal sulcus on pronotum; mesocoxae separated by a posterior projection of the mesosternum. Panaphantina 9 5. Antennae with 7 segments; abdominal tergites visible dorsally and fused into single plate Cyathigerini (Sunorfa) 10 10-11 antenna segments; at least three tergites visible dorsally 6 6. First visible abdominal sternite (III) short, next sternite (IV) much longer; keel between eyes and mandibles Brachyglutini 13 Abdomen with ﬁrst visible sternite (III) easily seen posterior to metacoxae, at least half as long as following sternite; often no keel on head Iniocyphini (Apoplectus obesus) 7. 1.8-1.9mm, back of head curved, thorax and elytra weakly ridged 8 (Hughia) 1.2mm, back of head angled, thorax and elytra strongly ridged Cerennea brevipennis 8. Broad, brown Hughia phantasma Elongate, elytra dull red Hughia carinata 9. Reddish brown to black; >1mm Neothesiastes scotti Apheloplectus longicollis Red with dense pubescence; 0.8mm. 10. Elytra black 11 Elytra smoky, rough Sunorfa punctipennis Elytra red Sunorfa fasciculata 11 Uniform black 12 Black, antenna and legs brown Sunorfa picea 12 Rough elytra, elongate head Sunorfa nigripennis Smoother elytra, shorter head Sunorfa bicolor 13. Black with reddish elytra, 1.7mm, elytra with curved sides Batraxis egregia Batraxis insularis Brown, 1.5mm, head rounded, elytra with straight sides Triomicrus seychellensis Reddish, 1.3mm, shiny Apheloplectus longicollis Raffray, 1913 Apheloplectus longicollis Raffray 1913: 127 Distribution: Endemic – Felicite (1908) Apoplectus obesus Raffray, 1913 Apoplectus obesus Raffray 1913: 137 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Batraxis egregia Raffray, 1913 Batraxis egregia Raffray 1913: 131 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Batraxis insularis Raffray, 1913 Batraxis insularis Raffray 1913: 132 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Known only from the damaged holotype.

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Batrisodes caudatus Raffray, 1913 Batrisodes caudatus Raffray 1913: 130 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Some collected from Vollenhova alluaudi ant nests. Cerennea brevipennis Raffray, 1913 Cerennea brevipennis Raffray 1913: 125 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois 1908) Hughia carinata Raffray, 1913 Hughia carinata Raffray 1913: 124 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908) Hughia phantasma Raffray, 1913 Hughia phantasma Raffray 1913: 123 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mt. Anse Major, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Congo Rouge 1908-9, 1994). Description: Head broader than thorax; back of head curved; thorax and elytra weakly ridged, broad. Brown. Length 2mm Neothesiastes scotti Jeannel, 1960 Thesiastes cordicollis Raffray 1913: 129 Neothesiastes scotti Jeannel 1960 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Trois Freres – Morne Seychelles 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). One collected in a nest of Camponotus grandidieri ants (Raffray 1913). Octomicrus semipunctatus Raffray, 1913 Octomicrus semipunctatus Raffray 1913: 129 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909). Omobathus elegans Raffray, 1913 Omobathus elegans Raffray 1913: 128 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Gratte Fesse 1998). Sunorfa (Sunorfa) fasciculata Raffray, 1913 Sunorfa fasciculata Raffray 1913: 134 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, La Reserve 1909, 1994), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Felicite (1908). Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) bicolor Raffray, 1913 Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) bicolor Raffray 1913: 136 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Some specimens from Phoenicophorium borsigianum palm axils. Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) nigripennis Raffray, 1913 Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) nigripennis Raffray 1913: 136 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Congo Rouge 1908, 1994).

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Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) picea Raffray, 1913 Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) picea Raffray 1913: 137 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). From axils of Pandanus sechellarum. Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) punctipennis Raffray, 1913 Sunorfa (Sunorfoides) punctipennis Raffray 1913: 136 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Triomicrus seychellensis Raffray, 1913 Triomicrus seychellensis Raffray 1913: 133 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above 300m 1908) Scaphidinae (Staphylini) Scaphids are small beetles (2-7mm) with only the terminal 2-3 abdominal segments exposed. The body is typically wedge-shaped with relatively long elytra, the antennae long and terminally thickened. They live in leaf-litter and rotten wood where they are mycophagous on Bascidomycetes and Myxomycetes. Scaphisoma is associated with polypore fungi. They are sometimes considered a distinct family. Some unidentiﬁed specimens were recently collected from Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2000-1). Key: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Elytra sinuous towards suture 2 Elytra not sinuous 4 Black with dull red bands on elytra Scaphobaeocera typica 3 Black Legs reddish, darker in middle; 1.3-1.6mm Toxidium seychellense Toxidium praslinense Legs uniform reddish; 1.4mm Yellow brown; 1mm Scaphosoma achardianum 5 Black Yellow patches; 1.6mm Scaphosoma nigrofasciatum Scaphosoma mahense Large red-yellow spot on each elytron; 1.4mm Scaphosoma silhouettae Reddish on front of head, elytra apices and pygidium; 1.6mm

Scaphobaeocera typica (Scott, 1922) Nesotoxidium typicum Scott 1922: 229 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Trois Freres 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Description: Elongately ovate. Shiny black with a reddish band (may be indistinct) across elytra. Length: 1.2mm. Scaphosoma achardianum Scott, 1922 Scaphosoma achardianum Scott 1922: 225 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Pt. Etienne 1908). From fungus and from ant (Pheidole punctulata) nests. Description: Elytra tapering. Yellowish-brown, elytra dark at tip. Length 1.0mm.

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Scaphosoma mahense Scott, 1922 Scaphosoma mahense Scott 1922: 224 Distribution: Mauritius – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Description: Black; a large reddish-yellow spot on each elytron, apex of elytra pale; limbs and antennae yellow. Length 1.4mm Scaphosoma nigrofasciatum (Pic, 1915) Scaphosoma pictum Scott 1922: 222 Distribution: Mascarenes – Mahé (coastal, Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (coastal, Grande Barbe 1908, 2002), Cousine (2001). From fungus. Description: Black with narrow dorsal stripe on thorax, widening posteriorly, with two large lateral yellow patches, these may cover the whole of the prothorax; elytra with a large yellow spot and pale apex. Limbs yellow. Length 1.6mm Scaphosoma silhouettae Scott, 1922 Scaphosoma silhouettae Scott 1922: 223 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (coastal 1908). From fungus. Description: Black, front of head, apex of elytra reddish, limbs reddish-brown. Length 1.6mm Toxidium praslinense Scott, 1922 Toxidium praslinense Scott 1922: 227 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Description: Elongately ovate, elytra truncate. Shiny blackish brown; legs reddish. Length: 1.4mm. Toxidium seychellense Scott, 1922 Toxidium seychellense Scott 1922: 226 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Elongately ovate, elytra truncate. Shiny black; legs reddish, darker in middle of femorae. Length: 1.3-1.6mm. Staphylininae This is the largest and most varied subfamily. They may reach 40mm, although usually are less than 20mm long. Mandibles are long, curved and slender. They live in varied habitats, most are predatory; the large, robust Philonthus species feed on insect larvae in decomposing organic matter. Caﬁus live in stranded seaweed. Key: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Elongate, head not wider than prothorax Rounded; head wider than prothorax Slender, abdomen tapering gradually Less slender, abdomen not tapering All tarsi with 5 segments Middle and hind tarsi with 4 segments Head smooth; abdomen tapering Head with long lateral setae; abdomen not tapering

2

Leptacinus magniceps 3 5 4

Atanygnathus piceus Gabrius spp. Caﬁus nauticus

75 5. 6. 7.

Glabrous, head not punctured; thorax quadrangular Not glabrous, head distinctly punctured; thorax pentagonal Head rounded, widest near middle Head tapering anteriorly, widest posteriorly Mandibles not prominent Mandibles prominent

6

Remus corallicola Philonthus spp. 7

Diochus punctipennis Gabronthus thermarum

Atanygnathus piceus (Motschulsky, 1858) Atanygnathus piceus Bernhauer 1922: 177 Tanygnathus piceus Fauvel 1898: 118 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (high forest, La Passe 1908, 1999), La Digue (1892). Some from bases of Pandanus hornei. Caﬁus nauticus (Fairmaire, 1849) Caﬁus nauticus Fauvel 1898: 117. Kolbe 1910: 19. Bernhauer 1922: 177 Distribution: Asia, Paciﬁc – Anonyme (1909), Long (1908), La Digue (1892). Found on beaches. Diochus punctipennis (Motschulsky, 1858) Diochus punctipennis Fauvel 1898: 117. Kolbe 1910: 20. Bernhauer 1922: 176 Distribution: Asia, Australasia, Mascarenes – Mahé (Port Glaud 1908), Long (1909), Silhouette (1908). Gabrius ﬁmbriolatus (Erichson, 1840) Philonthus ﬁmbriolatus Fauvel 1898: 118. Bernhauer 1922: 176 Distribution: Africa, Mascarenes – Mahé (mountain forests 1908-9), Silhouette (mountain forests 1908). A common species. Gabrius oceanicus Tottenham, 1956 Philonthus ﬁmbriolatus Kolbe 1910: 20 Gabrius oceanicus Tottenham 1956: 223 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Roche Caiman, 1894, 1994). Gabronthus thermarum (Aubé, 1850) Philonthus thermarum Bernhauer 1922: 176 Distribution: Cosmopolitan (widely introduced) – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Collected at 300m; probably introduced to Seychelles. Leptacinus magniceps Bernhauer, 1922 Leptacinus mangiceps Bernhauer 1922: 175 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Pt. Etienne 1908). Philonthus dilutipes Fauvel, 1898 Philonthus dilutipes Fauvel 1898: 117. Kolbe 1910: 20 Distribution: Asia, Madagascar, Mascarenes – La Digue (1892). Philonthus lacustris Bernhauer, 1915 Philonthus lacustris Bernhauer 1922: 176 Distribution: Africa – Aldabra (Takamaka 1908)

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Philonthus peliomerus Kraatz, 1859 Philonthus peliomerus Fauvel 1898: 118. Kolbe 1910: 20 Distribution: Palaeotropical – La Digue (1892). Philonthus peregrinus Fauvel, 1866 Philonthus peregrinus Fauvel 1898: 118. Kolbe 1910: 19 Philonthus bisignatus var. peregrinus Bernhauer 1922: 176 Distribution: Africa, Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (1908-9), Silhouette (1908). Collected throughout the mountain forests. Philonthus specimens (probably this species) were collected on Mahé (Congo Rouge, Le Niol 1991-4) and Silhouette (Gratte Fesse 1998). Remus corallicola (Fairmaire, 1848) Caﬁus corallicola Fauvel 1898: 117. Kolbe 1910: 19. Bernhauer 1922: 177 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (1892), Long (1908), Round (1892), La Digue (1892), Marianne (1892). Steninae Steninae are small (2-6mm), elongate species. Eyes are prominent, prothorax oval; abdomen tapering only at tip. Only a singe genus of this subfamily has been recorded in Seychelles; Stenus species are slender, with long legs and distinctively large eyes. They live at the edge of marshes where they are active during the day. They and are able to walk on the surface of water using a secretion of the pygidial glands as a surfactant to reduce water surface tension behind them. This propels them back to the land when they fall in the water. They feed on small insects. Stenus irroreus (Fauvel, 1904) Distribution: Madagascar, Comores – Aldabra (Picard 1974). Stenus reticulatus Benick, 1920 silvicola Bernhauer, 1922 Stenus silvicola Bernhauer 1922: 169 Stenus reticulatus silvicola Puthz 1992: 13 Distribution: African species, endemic subspecies – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade, Port Glaud 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Pisonia forest 1908, 2000). Tachyporinae Tachyporinae are small (1-6mm) distinctively spindle-shaped beetles with a head sunk into the thorax and a tapering abdomen. Many species are brightly coloured. They live in damp leaf-litter and fungi, some are mycophagous (Sepedophilus feed on the underside of bracket fungi) although most are predators. This subfamily comprise the ‘ﬁrebrats’ – small, spindle-shaped reddish beetles. Key: 1. Head distinct, abdomen truncate Head sunk into thorax, evenly tapering to a point Coproporus atomus Kraatz, 1859 Coproporus atomus Bernhauer 1922: 178 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (1908).

Coproporus spp. Sepedophilus spp.

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Coproporus exul (Fauvel, 1889) Coproporus exul Fauvel 1898: 119 Cilea exul Kolbe 1910: 19 Distribution: Australasia – La Digue (1892). Coproporus heterocerus (Fauvel, 1898) Cilea heterocera Fauvel 1898: 118. Kolbe 1910: 19 Coproporus heterocerus Bernhauer 1922: 178 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (sea level to high forest 1908), La Digue (1892). One collected from fungus. Coproporus marinus Bernhauer, 1922 Coproporus marinus Bernhauer 1922: 178 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908-9). Red brown. Length 2.5mm Coproporus minimus (Motschulsky, 1858) Coproporus minimus Fauvel 1898: 119. Bernhauer 1922: 178 Cilea minima Kolbe 1910: 19 Distribution: Mascarenes, Asia – Mahé (forests 1908-9), Silhouette (forests 1908), Praslin (1892). Coproporus tachyporoides Kraatz, 1859 Coproporus tachyporoides Bernhauer 1922: 178 Distribution: Asia – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Sepedophilus alluaudi (Fauvel, 1898) Conurus alluaudi Fauvel 1898: 119. Kolbe 1910: 19 Conosmoa alluaudi Bernhauer 1922: 177 Sepedophilus alluaudi Herman 2001: 16 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), La Digue (1892). Sepedophilus pedicularius (Gravenhorst, 1802) Conosoma pedicularium var. maheanum Bernhauer 1922: 177 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908-9). 300-600m Sepedophilus ruﬁventris (Fauvel, 1898) Conurus ruﬁventris Fauvel 1898: 119. Kolbe 1910: 19 Conosoma ruﬁventre Bernhauer 1922: 177 Sepedophilus ruﬁventris Herman 2001: 18 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (sea-level to high forest 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), La Digue (1892). Some collected on palms (Phoenicophorium borsigianum). A Sepedophilus species was collected on Silhouette (Gratte Fesse, Jardin Marron 1998, 2004) and seen on North island (2006). References Bernhauer, M. 1922 Coleoptera, Staphylinidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 18: 165-186.

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Bernhauer, M. & O. Scheerpeltz 1926. Staphylinidae VI. In: Junk, W. & S. Schenkling (Eds.): Coleopterorum Catalogus. 82. Junk, Berlin. Coiffait, H. 1979. Insectes Coléoptères: Staphylinides. Oxytelidae Osoriinae. In Faune de Madagascar 51: 1-136 Fauvel, A. 1898. Rev. Ent. Fr. 17: 114-122 Frisch, J. 2005 “Scopaeus limbatus Kraatz” of ancient authors – a monophyletic species group distributed in the Mascarene Islands, the South-East Palaearctic, the Oriental and the Australian regions (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae). Mitt. Mus. Nat.kd. Berl., Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 52: 73-96 Herman, L.H. 2001 Nomenclatural changes in the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. His. 264: 1-83. Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 5: 1-49 Lecoq J.-C. 1994. Un nouveau genre et une nouvelle espèce d’Osoriinae de Sierra Leone: Pseudespeson rossii (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Prob. Att. Sci. Cult. 267: 299-306. Lecoq, J.-C. 1995 Quatre nouvelles espèces d’Osoriinae de la région malgache, des Philippines et du Cameroun (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 100: 415-420 Pace R. 1999. Insectes coléoptères Staphylinidae Aleocharinae. Faune de Madagascar 89:1-362 Pace, R. 2008. Alecoharinae (Inseca, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) des iles de l’ocean Indien. Zoosytema 30: 547-553 Newton, A. F. & M. K. Thayer. 2003. Catalog of austral species of Staphylinidae and other Staphylinoidea. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. http://www. ﬁeldmuseum.org/peet_staph/db_1b.html Orousset, J. 1985. Désignation du lectotype d’Edaphus sechellarum Bernhauer (Col. Staphylinidae). Nouv. Rev. Entomol. (n. ser.) 2(3): 250. Orousset, J. 1986. Note sur quelques Euaesthetinae. Nouv. Revue Ent. (N.S.) 3: 20 Orousset, J. 1988. Insectes Coléoptères Staphylinidae Euaesthetinae. Faune de Madagascar 71: 1-208. Fagel, G. 1955 Osorinae (Coleoptera Polyphaga) Fam. Staphylinidae. In: Exploration du Parc National du l’Upemba. Mission G.F. du Witte. 39 Puthz, V. 1992 Neue und bekannte Stenus-Arten aus Madagaskar (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Biologie. (A) 477: 1-15. Raffray, A. 1913 Coleopter, Pselaphidae de l’Archipel des Seychelles. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond (2 Zool.) 16; 117-138 Scheerpeltz, O. 1970 (for 1969). Studien über die Arten der Gattungen Espeson Schaufuss und Parespeson Bernhauer (Col. Staphylinidae, Subfam. Piestinae, Tribus Thoracophorini). Mitt. Münchner Entomol. Gesellsch. 59: 115-129 Scott, H. 1922 A geographical summary based on Mr. Max Bernhauer’s enumeration of the Staphylinidae of the Seychelles, Chagos and Aldabra Islands, with notes on their biology. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 18: 187-193 Steel, W.O. 1960. Three new omaliine genera from Asia and Australasia previously confused with Phloeonomus Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Trans. Royal Entomol. Soc. Lond. 112: 141-172 Tottenham, C.E. 1956 Studies in the genus Philonthus Stephens (Col., Staphylinidae). Entomol. Mo. Mag. 92: 237-244.

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Series Scarabaeiformia J. Gerlach Superfamily Scarabaeoidea Key to families: 1. Segments of antennal club not capable of being tightly closed together Lucanidae 2 Segments of antennal club capable of being closed together 2 Antennal club with 3 segments, 1st segment hollowed out to receive 2nd Hybosoridae Antennal club with 3-7 segments, 1st segment simple, not hollowed out to receive 2nd Scarabaeidae Family LUCANIDAE Lucanidae is a worldwide family comprising some 95 genera and 1250 species. Lucanids usually show extreme sexual dimorphism with expanded jaws developed for combat in males. However, the only genus recorded in Seychelles, Figulus, does not show signiﬁcant sexual dimorphism. Key: 1. 2.

Head lacking a lateral ridge; wide; length 9-10mm Figulus magnus 2 Head with a low lateral ridge; narrow (at least twice as long as wide) Elytra ridged; length 13-18mm Figulus seychellensis Figulus striatus Elytra not ridged; length 7-8mm

Figulus seychellensis Scott, 1913 Figulus seychellensis Scott 1913: 222. Benesh 1960: 28; Maes 1992: 40 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons, Gratte Fesse 1908, 1998). Description: Oblong; shiny, elytra strongly ridged, thorax smooth. Head wide, with a low lateral ridge. Black. Length 13.8-15.5mm. Figulus striatus (Olivier, 1789) Figulus striatus Alluaud 1894: 298. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 221 Distribution: Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (Cascade, Mamelles 1894, 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Jardin Marron 1908, 2007), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Description: Elongately oval, parallel sided. Glossy; thorax ﬁnely punctured, quadrangular with raised tubercles on postero-lateral margin; elytra with ﬁne punctures in 7 rows. Head ﬂattened, with low lateral ridge. Length 7.5mm. Figulus magnus Benesh, 1955 Figulus magnus Benesh 1955: 62; Benesh 1960: 154; Maes 1992: 39. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Jardin Marron, La Passe 2005-7). Description: Oval, ﬂattened; moderately shiny, elytra strongly ridged, thorax rugose. Head without a lateral ridge. Black. Length 9-9.5mm.

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References Benesh, B. 1955. Some further notes on the stagbeetles, with especial reference to Figulinae (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 81:59-76 Benesh, B. 1960. Familia Lucanidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa 8:1-178. Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Maes, J.-M. 1992a. Lista de los Lucanidae (Coleoptera) del Mundo. Rev. Nicarag. Entomol. 22A:1-60. Family HYBOSORIDAE Hybosorids (‘scavenger scarab beetles’) are small beetles (3-7mm) with 9-10 segmented antennae with a 3-segmented club. The ﬁrst segment of the club is hollowed to receive the remaining segments. Little is known of their ecology; adults feed on fungi, rotting wood, dung and carrion while the scarabaeoiform larvae are found in rotting plant material and under bark. There are some 220 hybosorid species, one species has been recorded from Seychelles. Historically Hybosoridae has been considered a subfamily of Scarabaeidae. Kuijtenous laeviceps (Fairmaire, 1893) Phaeocrous insularis Linell 1897: 699. Alluaud 1900: 244. Kolbe 1902: 575. Scott 1913: 223 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1893, 1908-9). One specimen from 1905 labelled Mahé (Scott 1913), otherwise not known from the granitic islands. Description: Ovate, convex; shiny, elytra with rows of ﬁne punctures. Dark blackish brown. Terminal tarsal joints swollen in male. Length 7-9.5mm References Alluaud, C. 1900: Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V-VIII, 509 pp. Kolbe, H. 1902: Koleopteren der Aldabra-Inseln. Abhandlung. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Gesell. 26(4): 569-586. Linell, M.L. 1897: On the insects collected by Doctor Abbott on the Seychelles, Aldabra, Glorioso, and Providence islands, with descriptions of nine new species of Coleoptera. Proc. U.S. Natnl. Mus. 19: 695-706. Family SCARABAEIDAE The Scarabaeidae are a large family, with some 28,000 species, including ﬂower scarabs, dung beetles and chafers. They are robust beetles (3-60mm). The antenna is clubbed, with 3-7 moveable lamellae. In many species the head of the male has protruberances and/or excavations. Adults and larvae may be herbivorous, detiritivorous or coprophagous. Of the subfamilies recorded in Seychelles some Aphodiinae are specialised dung feeders, although others are herbivores. Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae larvae feed on rotten wood or plant roots while adult Rutelinae are leaf eaters, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae nectar and pollen feeders. Melontinae adults feed on plant leaves (although some species have non-feeding adults) while larvae feed roots. Identiﬁcations of recent material were provided by B. Smith.

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Key to subfamilies: 1. Pygidium covered by apex of elytra. Length 1.5-13.0mm (Seychelles species 2.5-9.5mm) Aphodiinae 2 Pygidium exposed. Longer than 5mm 2. Clypeus notched, exposing antennal base Cetoniinae 3 Clypeus not notched, antennal base not visible from above 3. Claws of middle and posterior tarsi unequal in length, independently mobile Rutelinae 4 All tarsal claws equal in length, not capable of independent movement. 4. Pronotum and elytra almost equal in width, maxillae often exposed dorsally 5 Pronotum narrower than elytra, mandibles covered Melolonthinae 5. Mandibles and labrum projecting, visible dorsally. Metatibial spines separated by base of Orphininae tarsomere 1 Mandibles and labrum not visible in dorsally. Metatibial spines adjacent, not separated by Dynastinae base of tarsomere 1 Aphodiinae Aphodiines include small dung beetles, most are dung or fungus feeders although some may be phytophagous. Key: 1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

Uniform dark brown or black Not uniformly dark 3mm >5mm Ridged Punctured Appears smooth Black Not black Shiny black, edges and appendages reddish Reddish brown Thorax densely punctured in rows, abdomen smoother Weakly punctured

2. 5. 3. 4.

Rhyssemus ritsemae 6. Ataenius frater Nilaphodius nigritus Labarrus lividus Saprosites laticeps Saprosites pygmaeus Saprosites palmarum Saprosites lodoiceae

Ataenius frater Arrow, 1903 Ataenius frater Scott 1913: 226 Distribution: Pantropical: Mahé (lowland, Cascade 1909), Silhouette (La Passe 1998). Description: Weakly punctured, ﬁne striae between punctures on thorax. Black. Length 3mm. Labarrus lividus (Olivier, 1789) Aphodius lividus Alluaud 1900: 240. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 223 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (coastal 1894, 1908-9), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (La Passe, Mon Plaisir 2000-1). Mainly coastal, recorded at 550m (leaf litter at Mon Plaisir, Silhouette). Description: Shiny, dark brown. Prothorax with paler postero-lateral and posterior margins. Elytra pale on suture, humeral area and postero-lateral margin; pale areas may cover all of elytra. Head excavated anteriorly; pronotum quadrangular, punctured; elytra with longitudinal rows of ﬁne punctures.

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Nilaphodius nigritus (Fabricius, 1801) Aphodius nigritus Alluaud 1900: 240. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 223 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (lowland 1894, 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (lowland, La Passe 1908, 1998), Felicite (1908), La Digue (1892), Dennis (1908). Recorded only from coastal areas, mainly in cultivation (especially coconut plantations). Description: Shiny black; elytra ridged, tarsi short and stout. 9.5mm Rhyssemus goudoti Harold, 1868 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (no locality, 1892). Possibly confused with the following species. Rhyssemus ritsemae Clouet, 1901 Rhyssemus goudoti Alluaud 1900: 241. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 228 Rhyssemus ritsemae Scott 1913: 228 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (above the beach at Port Glaud 1908), Cerf (2001), Bird (2001) and Bijoutier (2001). R. goudoti Harold, 1868 was recorded from Mahé in 1892 (Alluaud 1900) with no detailed locality , this may have been an error for the present species. Description: Black. Pronotum with transverse ridges, elytra with longitudinal ridges. Pronotum fringed with broad scales. Length 3mm. Saprosites laticeps (Fairmaire, 1871) seychellensis Bordat, 1990 Saprosites laticeps Alluaud 1900: 241. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 226 Saprosites laticeps seychellensis Bordat 1990: 110 Distribution: Madagascar – Silhouette (Pointe Etienne, above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Cousine (2001), La Digue (1892). Description: Shiny black, edges and appendages reddish. Finely punctured, thorax with large and small punctures, elytra ﬁnely ridged. Length 2.5-3mm. Saprosites lodoiceae (Scott, 1913) Ataenius lodoiceae Scott 1913: 225 Saprosites lodoiceae Bordat 1990: 112 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2001), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Collected from leaf bases of Lodoicea maldivica. Description: Weakly punctured, head and thorax shiny. Elytra dull with 8 longitudinal carinae with punctures between carinae. Black. Length 3mm. Saprosites palmarum (Scott, 1913) Oxyomus palmarum Scott 1913: 224 Saprosites palmarum Bordat 1990: 111 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908). 106 specimens collected in 1908-9, only found in debris in the axils of palms (most from Pheonicophorium borsigianum, 35 from a single tree, few from Verschaffeltia splendida and Pandanus sechellarum (2 specimens), between the inner leaves (Scott 1913). Description: Thorax densely punctured, elytra with four raised carinae separated by lower ridges. Head slightly elevated in middle Black. Length 3mm.

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Saprosites pygmaeus Harold, 1877 Saprosites pygmaeus Scott 1913: 227. Bordat 1990: 110 Distribution: Indo-Paciﬁc – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), Felicite (1908). Some collected from Phoenicophorium borsigianum leaf bases (Scott 1913). Description: Reddish brown, elytra may be darker. Finely and evenly punctured. Length 2-2.5mm. Cetoniinae Flower scarabs are diurnal nectar feeders, larvae feed on rotten wood. Key: 1. Dark coppery brown Protaetia aurichalcea 2 Black 2. Dorsum clothed with scales or hairs 3 Dorsum without hairs or scales Mausoleopsis aldabrensis 3. Finely pubescent; two large lateral and one medial white patch on each elytron Oxycetonia versicolor With long white hair-like scales; small white spots on elytra Oxythyrea aldabrensis Mausoleopsis aldabrensis (Linell, 1897) Microthyrea aldabrensis Linell 1897: 700. Alluaud 1900: 293 ?Microthyrea providenciae Linell 1897: 705. Alluaud 1900: 293 Elassochiton selika var aldabrensis Kolbe 1902: 574 Mauseleopsis aldabrensis Scott 1913: 238 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Esprit, Picard 1907-9, 2004), Assumption (1908), Cosmoledo (1907, 2005), Astove (1907, 2005), St. Pierre (1907), Providence (1895). One specimen from Wasini island, Kenya (Scott 1913), this record is undated and the species has not been located on the island subsequently; this record may have been a temporary colonisation or an error. Description: Shiny black with variable symmetrical matt white marks on thorax and elytra. 8.5-9.5mm Oxycetonia versicolor (Fabricius, 1775) Glycyphana versicolor Alluaud 1900: 293. Kolbe 1910: 23 Oxycetonia versicolor Scott 1913: 236 Distribution: Asia, Madagascar – Mahé (lowlands 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (La Passe 1998), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1999), Coetivy (1905), Poivre (1905), Desroches (1905, 2006), Alphonse (2001), Farquhar (1905). Description: Shiny black with two lateral and one medial matt white patch on each elytron. Finely pubescent. Variety with red medial. Length 10-11.5mm. Oxythyrea aldabrensis Linell, 1897 Oxythyrea aldabrensis Linell 1897: 700. Alluaud 1900: 293. Scott 1913: 237. Leucocelis aldabrensis Kolbe 1902: 575 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Picard 1892, 1895, 1907, 1909), Coetivy (1907). Description: Shiny, coarsely punctured with long white hair-like scales. Black with white spots on pronotum and elytra. Length 10mm

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Protaetia aurichalcea (Fabricius, 1775) Cetonia maculata Alluaud 1900: 294 Protaetia maculata Kolbe 1910: 23 Protaetia aurichalcea Scott 1913: 237 Distribution: Asia, Mascarenes – Mahé (1892, 1894, 1905, 1909), Silhouette (La Passe 1998, 2001), Praslin (1905), Aride (2000), Curieuse (2002), Marianne (1908, 2002), Fregate (1905), Bird (2000), Dennis (1908), Desroches (1905), Remire (1905). Recorded from lowland areas. Description: Dark coppery brown with white marks on thorax and elytra. 12.5mm Dynastinae Dynastines are large beetles, larvae feed on roots or decaying plant matter, adults eat leaves. Key: 1. 2.

>30mm, rhino beetle <25mm 12mm, elytra with irregular lines of punctures 20mm, elytral punctures not in lines

Oryctes monoceros 2. Temnorrhynchus truncatus Lonchotus astovensis

Lonchotus astovensis Arrow, 1911 Lonchotus astovensis Arrow 1911: 88. Scott 1913: 229 Distribution: Endemic – Astove (2 specimens collected by Dupont in about 1909). Description: Shiny dark reddish with reddish hairs. Cylindrical. Head rugose, male with a short horn; elytra with large irregular punctures. Length 20-22.5mm. Oryctes monoceros (Olivier, 1789) ‘rhino beetle’ Oryctes monoceros Alluaud 1900: 250. Linell 1897: 697. Kolbe 1910: 23. Scott 1913: 229

Distribution: Africa – Mahé (1892-3, 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (1908), Fregate (1908), Bird (1908), Dennis (1908), St. Joseph (1905). Description: Shiny black. Length 30-50mm Temnorrhynchus truncatus (Klug, 1832) Temnorrhynchus truncatus Alluaud 1900: 249. Scott 1913: 229 Description: Dark reddish brown, shiny. Head and prothorax rugose; elytra with large punctures in irregular lines. Male with a short horn. Length 12mm. Distribution: Madagascar – Assumption (1909). Melolonthinae Chafers feed on leaves, larvae are subterranean root feeders. In most species adults are short lived and do not ﬂy long distances. Key: 1. 2.

Uniform dark brown or black Not uniformly dark Black or dark brownish, shiny brassy, 9-11mm Brownish bronze, 11-13mm

2. 3.

Perissosoma aenescens Perissosoma grande

85 3.

8mm, reddish brown 5-7mm, reddish brown

Nesohoplias senecionis Comaserica granulipennis

Comaserica granulipennis (Fairmaire, 1897) Comaserica granulipennis Scott 1913: 232. Serica granulipennis Alluaud 1900: 258. Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (Grande Terre 1907). Description: Ovate, widening posteriorly. Uniformly reddish brown with pale yellowish setae. Dull, clypeus; frons, tibiae and tarsi shiny. Length 3.7-6.7mm. Nesohoplias senecionis Scott, 1912 Nesoholias senecionis Scott 1913: 230 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1905, 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above, Mont Poules Marrons, La Passe and above 1908, 1997-8, 2007). Scott (1913) noted that specimens were frequently beaten from Gynura seychellensis (‘Senecio sechellensis’ after which he named the species). In 1997 it was observed on Clidemia hirta and on Pheonicophorum borsigianum (Matyot pers. comm.). In 2007 the species was located on G. seychellensis. Description: Elongate. Densely covered in long scales. Dark reddish brown. Length 6-8mm. Perissosoma aenescens Waterhouse, 1875 Perissosoma aenescens Waterhouse 1875: 410. Alluaud 1900: 269. Linell 1897: 703. Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 233 Perissosoma tenuitarse Fairmaire 1895: 278. Kolbe 1910: 22 Distribution: Glorieuses – Mahé (widespread at 300m, 1868, 1892, 1905-9), Therese (2002), Cosmoledo (Menai 2005), Aldabra (Picard 2005). Description: Black or dark bronzy brown, shiny and brassy. Length 9-11mm. Perissosoma grande Scott, 1912 Perissosoma grande Scott 1913: 234 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai and surrounding area 1908, 1999), Cousine (1998), Felicite (1908), Marianne (2002). Description: Shiny brownish bronze, legs long with prominent spines. Length 11.7-13mm Rutelinae Rutelines are herbivorous, larvae feeding on plant roots. Key: 1.

Not uniformly dark Uniformly dark with pale scales, 9-11mm

Parastasia coquereli Adoretus versutus

Adoretus versutus Harold, 1869 ‘rose beetle’ Adoretus insularis Fairmaire 1897: 105. Alluaud 1900: 271. Melolontha umbrosa Linell 1897: 696 Adoretus versutus Kolbe 1910: 22. Scott 1913: 235 Description: A large, robust rose-chafer. Shiny orange brown densely covered in long pale scales. Darker lines on elytra, dark margins to pronotum. Eyes large, prominent, black. Elytra with rows of punctures. Length 9.5-11mm

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Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Victoria, Cascade, Mamelles 1892, 1894, 1905), Silhouette (La Passe 1908, 1997, 2001), North (2000), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Felicite (1908), Alphonse (2001). Noted by Scott (1913) to eat ‘rose-tree’ in gardens at night,; a polyphagous species. Collected from sea level to 350m. Parastasia coquereli Fairmaire, 1869 Parastasia coquereli Fairmaire 1868: 789. Linell 1897: 696. Alluaud 1900: 269. Kolbe 1910: 23. Scott 1913: 235 Description: Shiny, elytra with widely spaced rows of ﬁne punctures. Dark brown to black; large yellowish to reddish brown humeral patches on elytra, brighter in male than female. Length 27mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Victoria c1850, 1892-3, 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (La Passe, Jardin Marron, 1999-2001), La Digue (1892). References Alluaud, C. 1900 Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V-VIII, 509 pp. Arrow, G.J. 1911 A synoptical revision of the dynastic genus Lonchotus. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 7: 84-89. Bordat P., R. Paulian & R. Pittino. 1990. Insectes Coléoptères Aphodiidae. Faune de Madagascar 74: 1-255 Fairmaire, L. 1869 Notes sur les coléopteres recueillis par Charles Coquerel a Madagascar et sur les cotes d’Afrique. Ann. Soc. Ent. (4) 9: 179-260 Fairmaire, L. 1895 Descriptions de quelques Coléopteres de Madagascar. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 39: 8-40 Fairmaire, L. 1897 Matériaux pour la faune coléoptèrique de la région Malgache. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 41: 363-406 Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin. 5: 1-49 Linell, M.L. 1897: On the insects collected by Doctor Abbott on the Seychelles, Aldabra, Glorioso, and Providence islands, with descriptions of nine new species of Coleoptera. Proc. U.S. Natnl. Mus. 19: 695-706. Scott, H. 1913: Coleoptera; Hydrophilidae, Histeridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2, Zool.) 16: 193-235, pl. 12. Waterhouse, C.O. 1875 Description of some new genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa, Madagascr, Mauritius and the Seychelles Islands. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 15: 403-414

Series Elateriformia J. Gerlach Superfamily Buprestoidea Family BUPRESTIDAE Jewel beetles are large, distinctive beetles, often brightly coloured. Adults are herbivorous, larvae feed on the wood of dead or dying trees and are often host speciﬁc. Some species also feed on nectar and pollen.

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Key (after Matyot 1996): 1. Elytra with three transverse black bands Diplolophotus owas 2 Elytra without transverse black bands 2. Over 10mm long, granitic islands 3 Less than 10mm long, Aldabra group 6 3. Less than 15mm long; blackish Chrysobothrix dorsata Over 15mm long; sides of pronotum whitish or reddish or elytral edges with yellow 4 Over 15mm long, shining green Amblysterna johnstoni 4. Posterior part of sides of pronotum reddish; scutellum elongated; eyes less than 1mm apart Belionota prasina 5 No part of pronotum reddish; scutellum indistinct; eyes over 1mm apart 5. Sides of pronotum whitish; pronotum crossed by a thing line; eyes 2mm apart Euiridotaenia mahena Sides of pronotum not whitish; pronotum divided; eyes more than 2mm apart Lampetis alluaudi 6. Over 5mm long, grossly punctured; pronotum angularly dilated about one-third of the way from base Aldabrica fryeri Sponsor pilosellus Less than 5mm long; ﬁnely punctuate; pronotum rounded Aldabrica fryeri (Kerremans, 1914) Pseudocastalia fryeri Kerremans 1914: 377 Aldabrica fryeri Cobos Sanchez 1981 Matyot 1996: 61 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Michel, Picard 1908, 1972) Description: Blackish brown; elytra strongly ridged and coarsely punctured. Length 9mm, width 3mm. Amblysterna johnstoni Waterhouse, 1885 Amblysterna johnstoni Holm 1979:2 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (SE 09,46, v.1966 – Grimaldi) Description: Shiny green with small foveae on elytra, fresh specimens have white pulverulence in fovea. Length 25mm. Food plants not known, A. natalensis is associated with Fabaceae (C. Bellamy pers. comm.). Belionota prasina Thunberg, 1789 Belionota prasina Kerremans 1914: 378. Matyot 1996: 59, 1997: 73 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (Victoria, Marie Laure Estate, Beau Vallon 1908-9, 19956), Praslin (Anse Lazio 1996) Description: Blackish with red irridescence on sides of pronotum; eyes close together. Length 20mm Chrysobothrix dorsata Fabricius, 1787 Chrysobothris dorsata Kerremans 1914: 378. Matyot 1996: 59, 1997: 74 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Ma Josephine, Victoria, North-East Pt., Mamelles 1892, 1905, 1909, 1994-6) Description: Blackish with greenish metallic tint. Length 15mm

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Diplolophotus owas (Gory & Laporte, 1837) Agrilus owas Kerremans 1914: 378. Matyot 1996: 59 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Cascade 1909). In Seychelles known only from a single specimen. Description: Elytra with three transverse black bands. Length 10-15mm Euiridotaenia mahena (Fairmaire, 1891) Iridotaenia mahena Fairmaire 1891: 46. Kerremans 1914: 377. Matyot 1996: 60, 1997: 74 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Marie Laure Estate, Mamelles, Victoria 1905, 1908-9, 1996), Silhouette (Anse Mondon, La Passe, above La Passe 1990, 2008-9), La Digue (1892). Description: Black with white on sides of pronotum; elytra ﬁnely ridged and punctured; eyes widely separated. Length 15-20mm Lampetis alluaudi Kerremans, 1893 Dicercomorpha alluaudi Kerremans 1893: 103, 1914: 378. Alluaud 1894: 70. Matyot 1996: 60, 1997: 74 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Victoria, Port Glaud, Anse aux Courbes 1996-7, 1994), La Digue (1892) Description: Black with yellow edges to elytra; elytra ﬁnely ridged and punctured; eyes widely separated. Sponsor pilosellus Kerremans, 1914 Sponsor pilosellus Kerremans 1914: 378. Matyot 1996: 61 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Takamaka, Michel 1908, 1967-9). Description: Blackish with grey pubescence; elytra strongly ridged. Length 4.5mm, width 1.7mm References Alluaud, C. 1894 Voyage aux îles Séchelles. Le Tour du Monde 67(5): 65-80 Bellamy, C.L. 2006 Insecta Coleoptera Buprestidae de Madagascar et des îles voisines/Insecta Coleoptera Buprestidae of Madagascar and Adjacent Islands. Faune de Madagascar 92 Cobos Sanchez, A. 1981 Ensayo sobre los géneros de la subfamilia Policestinae (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). Eos 55-56(1979-1980): 23-94 Fairmaire, L. 1891 Description d’une nouvelle espèce de buprestide (des îles Seychelles). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 60: 156 Fairmaire, L. 1914 Coleoptera, Buprestidae (of the Percy Sladen Trust Expeditions). Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.) 16: 377-378 Holm, E. 1979. Revision of the genera Amblysterna Thomson, Neojulodis Kerremans and the African species of Julodella Semenow, plus Appendix. Dept. Agric. Tech. Serv. Rep. South Africa Entomol. Mem. 51: 1-35. Matyot, P. 1996 The jewel beetles (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) of Seychelles. Phelsuma 4: 57-62 Matyot, P. 1997 Further records of jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from Seychelles. Phelsuma 5: 73-74

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Superfamily Dropoidea Family PTILODACTYLIDAE Larvae of this family are often aquatic, the single Seychelles species is probably terrestrial. It is a small beetle (2.75-3mm long). Ptilodactyla scabrosa Champion, 1924 Ptilodactyla scabrosa Champion 1924: 300. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (near Mare aux Cochons 1908). References Champion, G.C. 1924: Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Superfamily Byrroidea Family CALLIRHIPIDAE Callirhipidae is a small tropical family of 8 genera and 150 species. The single Seychelles genus Callirhipis is Oriental in origin. These highly distinctive beetles are large, elongate and with pectinate antennae in females and remarkably long ﬂabellate antennae in males. Their larvae feed on decayed wood. There is a single endemic species in Seychelles; the only Afrotropical callirhipid (Hajek 2008). Callirrhipis philiberti Fairmaire, 1891 Callirrhipis philiberti Fairmaire 1891: 120, 1893: 323. Alluaud 1900: 204. Kolbe 1910: 25. Scott 1926: 70. Hajek 2008: 568 Description: elongate, not shiny; elytra ridged and punctured, thorax pitted, two large depressions on thorax. Male antennae long (83-88% of body), lamellate, females’ shorter. Eyes large. Dark red brown, pubescence ochre. Length female 18.5-26mm, male 16-21mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (widespread from 230m, ﬁrst recorded 1894), Long (1908), Silhouette (widespread from sea level, ﬁrst recorded 1908), Praslin (Pasquiere 1888, 1908), La Digue (1892). Larvae have been reared from rotting wood of a variety of species (Scott 1926). One specimen from the coast of Kenya is believed to be an isolated specimen (Hajek 2008). References Alluaud, C. 1900: Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V-VIII, 509 pp. Fairmaire, L. 1891 Description d’une nouvelle espèce de buprestide (des îles Seychelles). Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (1891): 120-121 Hajek, J. A taxonomic review of the Callirhipidae of the Afrotropical region. Ann. Zool. (Warszawa) 58: 567-572 Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Scott, H. 1926 Coleoptera from the Seychelles and adjacent islands: Carabidae (Supplement), Cryptophagidae (supplement), Dermestidae, Lymexylonidae, Rhipiceridae, Sphindidae, Throscidae, Brenthidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 18: 50-76

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Superfamily Elateroidea Family EUCNEMIDAE The Eucnemidae (or Melasidae) are elongate, cylindrical beetles. They resemble elaterid clickbeetles, with which they share the prothoracic clicking structure, but are distinctive in having a labrum concealed by the clypeus, all ventrites connate and often the antennae sunk into grooves on the head, pronotum and sternum. Identiﬁcations of recent material were provided by Paul Johnson. Key: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Antennal ridge on underside of head, <4mm 3 No antennal ridge, >4mm Melasinae 2 Antennae shorter than elytra; black, yellow elytral bases; 2.5mm Xylobius mahenus Prolycaon longicornis Antennae longer than elytra; red-brown, elytra paler; 3-4.5mm Antennal ridges submarginal Gastraulacinae – Potergus ﬁliformis Antennal ridges marginal Eucneminae 4 Antennae broad Arganus distinctus 5 Antennae ﬁne Elytra parallel; reddish brown; 4.5-8mm Ceratus scotti 6 Elytra tapering; brown; 5-6mm Prosternal projections parallel Fornax sternalis Prosternal projections tapering Fornax puncticeps

Arganus distinctus Bonvouloir, 1871 Arganus distinctus Fleutiaux 1923: 403 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Ceratus scotti Fleutiaux, 1923 Ceratus scotti Fleutiaux 1923: 404 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mt. Pilot, Cascade 1909) Fornax puncticeps Fleutiaux, 1923 Fornax puncticeps Fleutiaux 1923: 406 Distribution: Chagos – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908). Fornax sternalis Bonvouloir, 1872 Fornax sternalis Fleutiaux 1923: 405 Distribution: Asia – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Malaise trap in palm litter at La Passe 1908, 2000). Potergus ﬁliformis Bonvouloir, 1871 Potergus ﬁliformis Fleutiaux 1923: 402 Distribution: Asia, Australasia – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), collected from leaves of palms (Scott in Fleutiaux 1923). Prolycaon longicornis Fleutiaux, 1923 Prolycaon longicornis Fleutiaux 1923: 402 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908).

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Xylobius mahenus Fleutiaux, 1923 Xylobius mahenus Fleutiaux 1923: 401 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mt. Pilot 1908). Known from the holotype only. References Fleutiaux, E. 1923 Coleoptera: Melasidae et Alaterides des Sechelles etudes iles voisines. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. (1922): 398-436 Family THROSCIDAE Throscids are elongate, usually ﬂattened beetles. The antennae have a distinct 3-segmented club in most species, rarely ﬁliform They posses a prothoracic clicking mechanism. Most larvae occur in soil, feeding on ectomycorrhizal fungi or in rotten wood. Two species have been recorded in Seychelles, although neither has so far been identiﬁed. Aulonothroscus sp. Aulonothroscus sp. Scott 1926: 75 One damaged specimen assigned to this genus by Scott (1922) Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Trixagus sp. One specimen identiﬁed as this genus by P. Johnson (pers. comm.) from North island (2000). References Scott, H. 1926 Coleoptera from the Seychelles and adjacent islands: Carabidae (Supplement), Cryptophagidae (supplement), Dermestidae, Lymexylonidae, Rhipiceridae, Sphindidae, Throscidae, Brenthidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 18: 50-76 Family ELATERIDAE The elaterids are the true click-beetles, all members having a prothoracic clicking mechanism which enables them to jump when upside-down or when held by a potential predator. Identiﬁcations of recent material by P. Johnson. They are elongate, often slightly ﬂattened beetles. The labrum is always visible and the antennae usually serrate. Larvae are saprophagous, phytophagous on plant roosts, or sometimes predatory (including some Caridophorinae). Key: 1. Prosternal sutures open, allowing antennae to be concealed Agrypninae 6 Prosternal sutures closed or ridged 2 2. Body with squamous pubescence, covering surface; 16mm Hemirhipinae 8 Pubescence light, not obscuring surface 3 3. Prothorax globular; 8-10mm Esthesopinae 9 Prothorax more or less convex, narrowed anteriorly 4 4. Tarsi simple Elaterinae 11 Tarsi with 1-2 segments dilated 5 5. Tarsomeres 2-3 lamellate Dicrepidiinae – Propsephus alluaudi Pachyderinae 19 Tarsomere 3 dilated, 4 lamellate

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6. 7. 8.

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

20. 21.

Tarsomere 3 lamellate Physorhininae – Porthmidius 20 Tarsomere 4 expanded Conoderinae – Conoderus 21 27-35mm Agrypnus 7 10-12mm Adelocera modesta Shiny black, little pubescence Agrypnus fuscipes Dull black, covered in yellow pubescence Agrypnus aequalis Antennomeres 2-3 reduced, subequal; interstriae of elytra ridged; pubescence dense, white Alaux mahenus Alaux scotti Antennomere 3 longer than 2; interstriae not ridged; pubescence light, grey Tarsomere 4 normal Cardiophorus lutosus Cardiotarsus 10 Tarsomere 4 dilated Elytra yellow Cardiophorus vitellinus Elytra uniform brown Cardiophorus gardineri Punctures of pronotumm on ridged surface Aeoloides senex 12 Punctures on smooth surface Antennomere 3 longer than 4 Trelasus antennalis 13 Antennomere 3 shorter than 4 Tarsomere 4 shorter than 1-3; 11mm Elastrus aldabrensis 14 Tarsomere 4 similar to 1-3; 4-8mm Elytra coarsely punctured in rows Megapenthes 15 Glossy, ridged elytra, dark brown with pale patches on elytra Melonoxanthus 16 Posterior angles of pronotum bicarinate Megapenthes curtus Megapenthes difformis Posterior of pronotum unicarinate; 6-6.5mm; yellow-brown 7mm 17 4mm 18 Yellow to red brown, black on head and elytra apex Melanoxanthus melanocephalus Black Melanoxanthus insularis Yellow humeral patch with red at base Melanoxanthus frivolus No red Melanoxanthus puberulus 14-14.5mm; posterior angles of pronotum divergent; tarsomere 1 shorter than others; shiny black Gonodyrus tarsalis 4-4.5mm; posterior angles of pronotum not divergent; tarsomere 1 at least as long as others; black with yellow patches Dactylosimus dorsalis Punctuation superﬁcial; 3.5-5.5mm, yellow-brown Porthmidius ﬂavescens Porthmidius solitarius Punctuation deep; 7mm, brown Punctuation deep; 4-5.7mm, yellow with black marks Conoderus gracilipes Conoderus dimidiaticollis Punctuation ﬁne; 3-4mm, yellow with brown marks

Adelocera modesta (Boisduval, 1835) Adelocera modesta Kolbe 1910: 25 Distribution: Asia, Mascarenes – Mahé (lowland 1894), Long (1908). Aeoloides senex (Candeze, 1895) Heterodes senex Kolbe 1902: 575 Aeoloides senex Fleutiaux 1923: 418 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (Picard 1895, 1907, 1909), Farquhar (1905).

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Agrypnus aequalis Candeze, 1857 Agrypnus aequalis Kolbe 1910: 25, Fleutiaux 1923: 409 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (lowlands 1894, 1905, 1908-9), Long (1908), La Digue (1892). Agrypnus fuscipes (Fabricius, 1775) Agrypnus fuscipes Kolbe 1910: 25, Fleutiaux 1923: 408 Distribution: India, Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (Victoria, lowlands 1892,, 1894 1905, 19089), La Digue (1892) Alaus mahenus Fairmaire, 1892 Alaus mahenus Fairmaire 1892: 151; Candeze 1895: 69; Alluaud 900: 212; Fleutiaux 1903: 13; Schwarz 1906: 36; Kolbe 1910: 25; Fleutiaux 1923: 412 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (lowlands 1892, 1894, 1905), Silhouette (La Passe 2000), La Digue (1892). Alaus scotti Fleutiaux, 1923 Alaus scotti Fleutiaux 1923: 412 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype. Cardiphorus lutosus Candeze, 1896 Cardiophorus submaculatus Kolbe 1910: 25 Cardiphorus lutosus Fleutiaux 1923: 414 Distribution: Comores – Mahé (1894, 1905, 1908-9), Anonyme (1909), Long (1908), Silhouette (over 300m, La Passe 1908, 2000), North (2000), Praslin (1894, 1905), Dennis (1908), Remire (1905), Coetivy (1905), Aldabra (Grande Terre 1908), Farquhar (undated). Abundant in coastal foliage (Scott in Fleutiaux 1923). A variable species; Fleutiaux (1923) reported three varieties: thoracicus, trimaculatus and immaculatus. Cardiotarsus gardineri Fleutiaux, 1923 Cardiotarsus gardineri Fleutiaux 1923: 417 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (1908), Farquhar (1905) Cardiotarsus vitellinus (Klug, 1833) Cardiotarsus vitellinus Fleutiaux 1923: 416 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1907-8, Anse Mais 2006), Providence (Cerf 1905). Conoderus dimidiaticollis Fleutiaux, 1923 Conoderus dimidiaticollis Fleutiaux 1923: 435 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mt. Pilot, Trois Freres, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908) Conoderus gracilipes Fleutiaux, 1923 Conoderus gracilipes Fleutiaux 1923: 434 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908)

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Dactylosimus dorsalis Fleutiaux, 1923 Dactylosimus dorsalis Fleutiaux 1923: 431 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mt Pilot, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Many collected from vegetation (Scott in Fleutiaux 1923). Elastrus aldabrensis Fleutiaux, 1923 Elastrus aldabrensis Fleutiaux 1923: 422 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Grande Terre 1908). Known from the holotype only. Gonodyrus tarsalis Fleutiaux, 1923 Gonodyrus tarsalis Fleutiaux 1923: 430 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype. Megapenthes curtus Candeze, 1878 Megapenthes curtus Fleutiaux 193: 422 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (coastal 1908), Praslin (1905). Megapenthes difformis Fleutiaux, 1923 Megapenthes difformis Fleutiaux 1923: 423 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Grande Terre 1908). Melanoxanthus insularis Fleutiaux, 1923 Melanoxanthus insularis Fleutiaux 1923: 425 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Melanoxanthus frivolus Candeze, 1900 Melanoxanthus frivolus Fleutiaux 1923: 426 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Mon Plaisir 1908, 2000), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908) Melanoxanthus melanocephalus (Fabricius, 1781) Melanoxanthus melanocephalus Kolbe 1910: 25, Fleutiaux 1923: 424 Distribution: Asia, Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (1892). Notably not found by the Gardiner expeditions. Melanoxanthus puberulus Candeze, 1898 var. cribricollis ( Fleutiaux, 1903) Melanoxanthus cribricollis Fleutiaux 1903: 14, Kolbe 1910: 25 Melanoxanthus puberulus Candeze, 1898 var. cribricollis Fleutiaux 1923: 427 Distribution: Chagos (species from Asia) – Mahé (Port Glaud, lowland 1908), Long (1908), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (Grande Barbe 1908) La Digue (1892), Poivre (1905). Some collected from Tournefortia argentea ﬂowers (Scott in Fleutiaux 1923). Porthmidius ﬂavescens Fleutiaux, 1923 Porthmidius ﬂavescens Fleutiaux 1923: 432 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9), Felicite (1908), Marianne (1908)

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Porthmidius solitarius Fleutiaux, 1923 Porthmidius solitarius Fleutiaux 1923: 433 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype. Propsephus alluaudi (Fleutiaux, 1903) Psephus alluaudi Fleutiaux 1903: 13, 1923: 428, Kolbe 1910: 25 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1892, 1894, 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Dauban 2000), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1905). Trelasus antennalis Fleutiaux, 1923 Trelasus antennalis Fleutiaux 1923: 420 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Known only from the holotype, collected from the leaf base of a Lodoicea maldivica palm. References Fleutiaux, E. 1923 Coleoptera: Melasidae et Alaterides des Sechelles etudes iles voisines. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1922): 398-436 Family LAMPYRIDAE The lampyrids are the nocturnal ﬁreﬂies. They are notable for their ability to produce light from abdominal light organs in mating displays. This is produced through enzyme action in an oxidation reaction produces light and minimal heat. Larvae are predators of invertebrates in the soil and leaf litter, molluscs are the principal prey of many species. Luciola laeta Gerstaecker, 1871 Luciola laeta Kolbe 1910: 23. Champion 1924: 296 Distribution: Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons, Mamelles, Le Niol 1888, 1892, 1905, 1908, 1994). Description: Orange; elytra dark brown to black, eyes prominent, black. Length 9mm. References Champion, G.C. 1924: Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Family CANTHARIDAE The Cantharidae (‘soldier beetles’) include some 5000 species; only one species is recorded from Seychelles. Adults of most species are diurnal and may congregate in large numbers on ﬂowers where they feed on pollen and nectar. They are also predatory and some may feed on leaves. The larvae ate terrestrial predators of arthropods in leaf litter and soil. Many species produce defensive alkaloids, these tend to be brightly coloured species.

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Caccodes oceaniae (Bourgeois, 1884) Caccodes debilis Champion 1924: 301 Distribution: Indo-Paciﬁc – Mahé (Cascade 1909). 2 specimens from 1909. Description: uniform, small, antennae long and stout; prothorax subquadrate; elytra short, divaricate, wings largely exposed. References Champion, G.C. 1924: Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Series Bostrichioformia J. Gerlach Superfamily Bostrichoidea Family JACOBSONIIDAE The Jacobsoniidae (or Sarothriidae) are small (2mm) elongate, narrow beetles with long, stout antennae. The tarsal segments are reduced, appearing 2-segmented. A single species has been recorded from Seychelles. Sarothrias eximius Grouvelle, 1918 Sarothrias eximius Grouvelle 1918: 8 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). References Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family DERMESTIDAE Dermestidae are small to medium-sized beetles (to 12mm). Elytra are hairy or scaly and may have contrasting patterns. There is a singe ocellus in the centre of the head in all genera except Dermestes and Trichelodes. Antennae are distinctly clubbed, usually concealed in a groove on the underside of the thorax when at rest. Adults feed on pollen and nectar, most larvae feed on dry animal protein, including carrion, fur and museum specimens, although some species feed on plant matter, inlcuding stored cereals. The larvae are densely clothed with tufts of defensive barbed hairs. Key: 1. Head small, projecting; elongately oval; 4mm Attageninae (Attagenus undulatus) 2 Head larger, partially covered; 2-10mm Head moderately large but covered; oval; 2-2.8mm Megatomini (Orphilus brevicornis) 2. Elongately oval, black, 5-10mm Dermestes 3 Short, rounded, chestnut-brown, 2mm Paratrogoderma mahense 3. 10mm, black with grey and brown pubescence, pale ventrally Dermestes vulpinus 5-9mm, black, moderately shiny with pale pubescence Dermestes ater

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Attagenus (Aethriostoma) undulatus (Motschulsky, 1858) Attagenus (Telopes) undulatus Scott 1926: 62 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Desroches (1905). Paratrogoderma mahense Scott, 1926 Paratrogoderma mahense Scott 1926: 67 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Orphilus brevicornis (Sharp, 1885) Trogoderma unicolor Kolbe 1910: 24 Orphilus brevicornis Scott 1926: 61 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Cascade, Trois Freres 1894, 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). Dermestes ater DeGeer, 1774 Dermestes cadaverinus Kolbe 1910: 24. Scott 1926: 60 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade, Mamelles 1894, 1909), Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2005), Bird (1908), Remire (1905), Providence (1905), Cerf (1905), Aldabra (Picard, Takamaka 1908). Dermestes vulpinus Fabricius, 1781 Dermestes vulpinus Scott 1926: 60 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Silhouette (La Passe 2006), Cosmoledo (1907), Assumption (1909), Aldabra (Michel 1908). References Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Scott, H. 1926 Coleoptera from the Seychelles and adjacent islands: Carabidae (Supplement), Cryptophagidae (supplement), Dermestidae, Lymexylonidae, Rhipiceridae, Sphindidae, Throscidae, Brenthidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 18: 50-76 Family BOSTRICHIDAE The bostrichids are the ‘shot-hole borers’; notable pests, boring holes in timber and bamboo. Many species are cosmopolitan, following introduction through transport of timber. Of the 10 species recorded in Seychelles two are probably introduced and a further 5 may also be introductions. Key: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Head visible from above Lyctinae (Lyctus brunneus) 2 Head concealed from above Prothorax less than 1.5 times as long as elytra, no elytral declivity Dinoderinae 9 Prothorax more than 1.5 times as long as elytra, with elytral declivity Bostrichinae 3 Apical declivity with thick dorsal keel; 3.5-6mm Sinoxylini (Sinoxylon conigerum) 4 Otherwise; 5-6mm Pubescent Bostrichini 8 Elytra shiny 5

98 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Elytra with granulate apical declivity Apatini (Apate congener) Xyloperthini 6 Elytra without apical declivity; 4-9mm Lateral pronotal carina indistinct at posterior angles 7 Lateral pronotal carina very distinct, angled posteriorly Xylothrips ﬂavipes Antennal club of 3 segments, much wider than basal segments Xyloperthella picea Xylopsocus capucinus Antennal club of 4 segments, basal segments also broad Elytra with large punctures, head with broad depression Heterobostrychus aequalis Elytra with ﬁner, coarse punctures, head depression narrow Heterobostrychus brunneus Elytra punctures coarse; 6-8 rows of prothoracic tubercles, 3mm Dinoderus minutus Dinoderus ocellaris More ﬁnely punctured; prothoracic tubercles not in rows, 4mm

Apate congener Gerstaecker, 1855 Apate congener Scott 1922: 258 Distribution: Africa – Aldabra (1907-9). Dinoderus minutus (Fabricius, 1775) Ghoon borer Dinoderus minutus Scott 1922: 257 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade 1909) , Silhouette (La Passe 1999). Dinoderus ocellaris Stephens, 1830 Auger beetle Dinoderus ocellaris Scott 1922: 257 Distribution: Introduced? – Mahé (Mamelles 1894) Heterobostrychus aequalis (Waterhouse, 1884) Lesser auger beetle Heterobostrychus aequalis Kolbe 1910: 27. Scott 1922: 256 Distribution: Asia – no locality, collected by de Gaye in 1890s. Heterobostrychus brunneus (Murray, 1867) Auger beetle Heterobostrychus brunneus Scott 1922: 256 Distribution: Africa, introduced elsewhere – Mahé (cultivated places 1894) , Silhouette (La Passe 2004). Lyctus brunneus Stephens, 1839 Brown powderpost beetle Lyctus brunneus Scott 1922: 258 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade 1908, 1914) Sinoxylon conigerum Gerstaecker, 1855 Conifer auger beetle Sinoxylon conigerum Scott 1922: Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Aldabra Xyloperthella picea (Olivier, 1790) Xyloperthella picea Scott 1922: 258 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Baie Lazare 1905-6, 1909), Praslin (1905, 1908). Xylopsocus capucinus (Fabricius, 1781) Xylopsocus capucinus Scott 1922: 258 Distribution: Introduced? – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908).

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Xylothrips ﬂavipes (Illiger, 1801) Auger beetle Xylothrips ﬂavipes Scott 1922: 258 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (. 1894, 1906), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (1905). References Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260 Family ANOBIIDAE Anobiids are very small (1-9mm), often globose beetles. The Ptininae have long thin legs and antennae and are called spider-beetles. Adults and larvae are mainly found in detritus, feeding on fungi, seeds, detritus, hair and stored produce. Key: 1.

Spider-like, long legs and antennae; antennae close Ptininae 3 Not spider-like; antennae widely separated 2 2. Prothorax hood-like, covering head; antennae not serrate, last three segments elongate; ﬁrst ventral segment not excavated for reception of hind legs Anobiinae 7 Prothorax hood-like, covering head; antennae serrate, rarely flabellate, last segments not elongate; ventral segments not excavated Xyletiininae – Lasioderma serricorne Prothorax not covering head; antennae with last three segments enlarged and serrate; ﬁrst ventral segment deeply excavated on sides Dorcatominae 5 3. Antennae comb-like Ptinus spp. 4 Antennae not comb-like 4. Elongate, elytra dark at tip, 2.3mm Mirosternus alluaudi Narrowly elongate, elytra pale at humeral angle and tip Sulcoptinus gothicus Suboblong. Black; legs reddish; pubescence pale. Length 2mm Mirosternus excisipalpis 5. Palps divided 14 Palps entire 15 6. Prothorax base reﬂected, forming a ridge, elytral punctures circular 8 Prothorax not reﬂected, punctures oval 11 7. Elongate; brown; length 3-4mm Falsogastallus seychellensis Mesocoelopsis silhouettae Oval; dark grey brown; elytra base red or yellow; 2mm 8. Punctures long and narrow 9 Punctures oblong 10 9. Punctures small, 1-7-2.3mm Nesotheca typica Nesotheca cognata Punctures larger, 1.7mm 10. 1.8-1.9mm Nesotheca lateoblonga 2mm Nesotheca subdepressa 11. Posterior pit on metasternum small, 2.4-2.6mm Nesotheca maxima 12 Posterior pit on metasernum large, 1.6-2.3mm 12. Dull, 1.6-1.9mm Nesotheca germana 13 Shiny, 1.6-2.3mm

100 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

18.

punctures oval, 1.9mm Nesotheca praslinensis Nesotheca communis & N. simillima Punctures elongated, 1.6-2.3mm Long erect pubescence Metatheca rugulosa Short, decumbent pubescence Nesotheca 6 Round to oval-elongate 16 Cylindrical, 1.6mm Petalium thomasseti Oval, elytra rounded, length equal to width Caenocara subplana 17 Longer than wide Dark red-brown grey; thorax lighter; antennae and anterior legs yellowish, other limbs Mesothes tenuibrachium dark grey. 1.5mm. 18 Brown; 2-38mm Antennae appearing evenly serrated Metadorcatoma peculiaris Antennae not serrated Dorcatoma insulana

Subfamily Dorcatominae Caenocara subplana Scott, 1924 Caenocara subplana Scott 1924: 373 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Dorcatoma insulana Scott, 1924 Dorcatoma insulana Scott 1924: 376 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Mont Pilot 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Mesothes tenuibrachium Scott, 1924 Mesothes tenuibracium Scott 1924: 362 Distribution: Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Known only from the holotype. Metadorcatoma peculiaris Scott, 1924 Metadorcatoma peculiaris Scott 1924: 383 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Subfamily Ptininae Mirosternus alluaudi Scott, 1924 Mirosterus alluaudi Scott 1924: 372 Distribution: Endemic – La Digue (1892). Known only from the holotype. Mirosternus excisipalpis Scott, 1924 Microsternus excisipalpis Scott 1924: 369 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Ptinus monticola Scott, 1924 Ptinus monticola Scott 1924: 351 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mont Pilot, Mt. Anse Major, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908).

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Ptinus sechellarum Scott, 1924 Ptinus sechellarum Scott 1924: 354 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons, above Port Glaud 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Sulcoptinus gothicus (Scott, 1924) Sulcoptinus gothicus Scott 1924: 348 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Subfamily Anobiinae Falsogastallus seychellensis Scott, 1924 Falsogastallus seychellensis Scott 1924: 357 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Victoria 1909), Long (1908), La Digue (1892). Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792) Lasioderma serricorne Kolbe 1910: 27. Scott 1924: 360 Distribution: Cosmopolitan (introduced) – Mahé (1894). Collected on cigars by Brauer (1894). Mesocoelopsis silhouettae Scott, 1924 Mesocoelopsis silhouettae Scott 1924: 366 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Metatheca rugulosa Scott, 1924 Metatheca rugulosa Scott 1924: 421 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mont Pilot, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Nesotheca cognata Scott, 1924 Nesotheca cognata Scott 1924: 403 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Nesotheca communis Scott, 1924 Nesotheca communis Scott 1924: 409 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Nesotheca germana Scott, 1924 Nesotheca germana Scott 1924: 407 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Nesotheca lateoblonga Scott, 1924 Nesotheca lateoblonga Scott 1924: 399 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mont Pilot, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908).

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Nesotheca maxima Scott, 1924 Nesotheca maxima Scott 1924: 414 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Nesotheca praslinensis Scott, 1924 Nesotheca praslinensis Scott 1924: 405 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Nesotheca simillima Scott, 1924 Nesotheca simillima Scott 1924: 412 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Nesotheca subdepressa Scott, 1924 Nesotheca subdepressa Scott 1924: 401 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Mont Pilot 1908-9). Nesotheca typica Scott, 1924 Nesotheca typica Scott 1924: 396 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mont Pilot, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Petalium thomasseti Scott, 1924 Petalium thomasseti Scott 1924: 360 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909). References Scott, H. 1924 Ptinidae and Anobiidae of the Seychelles. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 14: 345-426 Series CUCUJIFORMIA Family SPHINDIDAE Joseph V. McHugh & Juanita A. Forrester Introduction Sphindidae, a family commonly known as the ‘cryptic slime mold beetles’, comprises 69 species and 9 genera divided among 4 subfamilies. All species are thought to be exclusively myxomycophagous as larvae and adults. Sphindid beetles occur in most habitats that support myxomycete growth. Sphindid larvae and adults are usually found on slime mold sporocarps, where they feed on spores and supporting structures (Burakowski & Ślipiński 1987). Some sphindid species have been collected on a wide range of myxomycete hosts (see Benick 1952; Russell 1979; Stephenson et al. 1994). However, there is evidence that at least some sphindids have a much more restricted range of acceptable hosts for breeding (McHugh & Kiselyova 2003). Sphindidae is unique among beetle families in that all species complete their entire life cycle on or near their myxomycete host. They typically oviposit directly on myxomycete fruiting bodies. The

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shiny white eggs have a very short incubation period, only about three days in Aspidiphorus orbiculatus (Gyllenhal) (Burakowski & Ślipiński 1987) and Sphindus americanus LeConte (JVM, pers. obs.). There are four larval instars. Mature larvae use an anal secretion to secure a purchase on the substrate before pupation. Pupae are often located on or near the host sporocarp. The entire developmental cycle lasts from 20 to 30 days. Other than their close association with slime molds, little is known about the natural history of Sphindidae. One unusual anatomical feature of the family is the large cavity on the dorsal surface of each mandible which Crowson (1981) suggests is a mycangium. Sphindid beetles possess many potentially mycangial punctures and depressions (McHugh & Wheeler 1991; McHugh 1993), but it is unclear whether the beetles use these structures to maintain viable slime mold spores or to inoculate new substrates. Adults of Sphindidae are recognized by the following combination of features: antenna with 10-11 antennomeres and abrupt 2-3 segmented pubescent club (Figs. 1, 2); scape and pedicel abruptly and asymmetrically inﬂated for distal 2/3; dorsal surface of mandible bearing large setose cavity and tubercle (Fig. 3); coxae transverse; tarsi simple, formula usually 5-5-4 male and 5-5-5 female; elytral punctation usually seriate, and myxomycophagy. Only two species of Sphindidae have been reported from Seychelles. Both represent the genus Aspidiphorus Ziegler in Dejean, 1821 (Sphindinae). Adults of Aspidiphorus may be distinguished from other sphindid genera by the following combination of features: body form oval, convex (Fig. 1); antenna with 10 antennomeres; pronotal posterior margin sinuate; pronotal lateral margin smooth (not denticulate or crenulate); procoxal cavities widely open exteriorly; pygidium bearing sharply deﬁned, median longitudinal groove dorsally (Fig. 4). Key to the Sphindidae of the Seychelles Islands Body length 1.5-1.8 mm; body black, antennae and legs reddish yellow Aspidiphorus lareynii Body length about 1.1 mm, body dark pitchy-brown, antennae and legs yellowish brown; antennal clubs dull black Aspidiphorus perexiguus

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Species Accounts Below are diagnoses for the two species of Sphindidae reported by Scott (1926) to occur in Seychelles. A brief summary of their distributions and natural history is provided. Aspidiphorus lareynii du Val, 1859 Aspidiphorus lareynii Jacqueline du Val 1859. Scott 1926 Aspidiphorus lareyniei Perris 1877 Aspidophorus lareyniei Reitter 1879 Conipora lareyniei Peyerimhoff 1921 Distribution: Aspidiphorus lareynii occurs widely in Europe & Northern Asia. The specimens tentatively identiﬁed as A. lareynii from Seychelles have the following collection data: Silhouette (near Mont Pot-à-eau); and Mahé (near Trois Frères, ≈1000’; Mare aux Cochons, 1000-2000’; and Cascade Estate, 800-1000’). Diagnosis: Scott (1926) states that, in most regards, he was unable to distinguish 15 Seychellan specimens from a palearctic specimen of A. lareynii, a large blackish species that lacks frontal lines on the head. Despite the admitted limitations of his microscopy equipment, Scott makes the important observation that “The 4th segment of the antenna in the European example is short, not longer than broad, about 1/3 the length of the third segment; while in the Seychelles examples the fourth segment is distinctly longer than broad and appears nearly half as long as the third.”

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The relative lengths of antennomeres are often diagnostic for sphindid species, including Aspidiphorus spp. (see Forrester & McHugh, 2007). Although Scott felt that the Seychellan specimens probably represented a new species or subspecies he refrained from describing them as a new taxon because he had only a single specimen of A. lareynii for comparison. Until Scott’s specimens can be reexamined, this lone record of A. lareynii occurring in Seychelles should be considered dubious. It probably represents an undescribed species. Ecology: Presumed to be myxomycophagous. The collection data for one specimen from Mahé reports that it was collected from “fungus.” The sporocarps of myxomycetes, however, are easily mistaken for fungi. In fact, myxomycetes were formally classiﬁed as fungi until the second half of the 19th century (Martin & Alexopolous 1969). Aspidiphorus perexiguus Scott, 1926 Aspidiphorus perexiguus Scott, 1926 Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles. Specimens reported by Scott (1926) have the following collection data: Silhouette (cultivated land near coast); Praslen (Côtes d’Or Estate); and Mahé (Cascade Estate, 800-1500’). Diagnosis: Length 1.1 mm. Body widest at 3/4 length of elytra; dark pitchy-brownish; shiny; antennae and legs yellowish-brown; antennal clubs dull black. Head lacking frontal striae,

1

2

3

4

Fig. 1-4. Non-Seychellan Aspidiphorus species illustrating diagnostic generic features. 1. Dorsal habitus of undescribed Aspidiphorus sp. (Japan); 2. Dorsal view of right antenna of Aspidiphorus quadratidentis Forrester & McHugh (Madagascar); 3. Dorsal view of mandibles of Aspidiphorus bisulcatus Forrester & McHugh (Madagascar); and 4. Dorsal view of pygidium for Aspidiphorus protuberans Forrester & McHugh, (Madagascar).

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surface bearing very ﬁne punctures and a group of 3-6 larger punctures on each side near the base. Antenna with antennomere 3 long, slender, considerably longer than antennomere 2; antennomere 4, long, slender, at least 1/2 length of 3 and about as long as 5 and 6 combined, antennomeres 5-7 very short. Pronotal punctation very ﬁne with irregularly scattered larger punctures, large punctures becoming more numerous near the base and sides of pronotum. Elytral punctures large, seriate. Ecology: Presumed to be myxomycophagous. Acknowledgement. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0329115 (to JVM, M. F. Whiting, and K. Miller). The habitus illustration in Figure 1 was drawn by Tatiana Kiselyova (Monroe, Georgia, U.S.A.). References Benick, L. 1952. Pilzkäfer und Käferpilze. Acta Zoologica Fennica 70: 1-250. Burakowski, B. & S.A. Ślipiński. 1987. A New Species of Protosphindus (Coleoptera: Sphindidae) from Chile with notes and descriptions of immature stages of related forms. Ann. Mus. Civ. storia natur. Giacomo Doria. Genova. 86: 605-625. Crowson, R.A. 1981. The Biology of the Coleoptera. Academic Press, London. 802 pp. Forrester, J.A. & J.V. McHugh. 2007. A Review of the Sphindidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) of Madagascar. Coleopterists Bulletin 61(4): 590-603. Jacquelin du Val, P.N.C. 1859-1863. Manuel entomologique. Genera des Coléoptères D’Europe, Comprenant Leur Classiﬁcation en Familles Naturelles, la Description de Tous les Genres, des Tableaux Synoptiques destinés à faciliter l’étude, le Catalogue de Toutes les Espèces, de Nombreux Dessins au Trait de Caractères. A. Deyrolle, Paris. 464 pp. Martin, G.W. & C.J. Alexopoulos 1969. The Myxomycetes. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City. 561 pp. McHugh, J.V. 1993. A revision of Eurysphindus LeConte (Coleptera: Cucujoidea: Sphindidae) and a review of sphindid classiﬁcation and phylogeny. Systematic Entomology 18: 57-92. McHugh, J.V. & T.G. Kiselyova. 2003. First descriptions for larval stages of Eurysphindus (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Sphindidae). The Coleopterists’ Bulletin,57(1): 17-25. McHugh, J.V. and Q.D. Wheeler. 1991. Notosphindus slateri a new genus and species of Australian Sphindidae. Journ. New York Ent. Soc. 99(3): 527-537. Perris, E. 1877. Larves de Coléoptères. Deyrolle, Paris. 590 pp. Peyerimhoff, P. de. 1921. Études sur les larves des Coléoptères. I. Introduction. – II. Corylophidae. – III. Sphindidae. Bull. Soc. Entomol. France. 1921: 97-111. Reitter, E. 1879. Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europäischen Coleopteren. I. Enthaltend die Familien: Cucujidae, Telmatophilidae, Tritomidae, Mycetaeidae, Endomychidae, Lyctidae, und Sphindidae. Verhand. Kaiserlich-Kön.Zool.Bot. Gesell. Wien 29: 71-100. Russell, L.K. 1979. Beetles associated with slime molds (Mycetozoa) in Oregon and California (Coleoptera: Leiodidae, Sphindidae, Lathridiidae). The Pan-Paciﬁc Entomologist 55: 1-9. Sen Gupta, T. and Crowson, R.A. 1979. The Coleopteran family Sphindidae. Entomol. Mo. Mag. 113: 177-191. Scott, H. 1926. Coleoptera from the Seychelles and adjacent Islands: Carabidae (Supplement), Cryptophagidae (Supplement), Dermestidae, Lymexylonidae, Rhipiceridae, Sphindidae, Throscidae, Brenthidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 9 18: 50-76. Stephenson, S.L., Q.D. Wheeler, J.V. McHugh & P.R. Fraissinet. 1994. New North American associations of Coleoptera with Myxomycetes. Jour. Nat. Hist. 28: 921-936.

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Family PHALACRIDAE The shining mold beetles Matthew L. Gimmel Introduction and biology With 52 genera and over 600 species, the Phalacridae is a moderately diverse family of Coleoptera. The family is distributed nearly worldwide, with the highest concentration of species in tropical regions. They are generally easy to recognize by their small size (1-5mm, Seychelles species 1-2.5mm), convex and glabrous dorsal surface, more or less vertically explanate lateral margins of the elytra and pronotum, globular front coxae, and distinct 3-segmented antennal club. The only prior treatment of the Seychelles fauna was the outstanding work of Scott (1922), but most of his types have not been compared with Malagasy and nearby continental species by any subsequent workers and it is unknown whether any of the Seychelles species is truly endemic. Unfortunately in most cases examination of male genitalia is necessary for reliable species-level identiﬁcation. There are likely additional species of the family waiting to be discovered on the islands. The author is currently performing a world-level generic revision of the family, and some Seychelles species will likely receive generic reassignments. Nothing has been recorded about the biology of the Seychelles species, though related taxa are thought to be surface mold grazers on dry vegetation (dead hanging leaves, grass tussocks, legume pods, etc.) as larvae and probably also as adults. Sweeping and beating of these habitats should produce adults in moderate numbers. Key to Seychelles species Mesoventrite a large sclerite between middle coxae, longer than wide (Scott 1922, Fig. 39); hind tarsi similar to other tarsi (Scott 1922, Fig. 5d, e); body broadly oval (length not much greater than width) (subfamily Phaenocephalinae) Phalacratomus exiguus Mesoventrite concealed or forming only a narrow, horizontal sclerite between middle coxae (Scott 1922, Fig. 34 & 36); hind tarsi with one or more segments distinctly longer than corresponding segments on other tarsi (Scott 1922, Fig. 1c, d, 2b-d, 3d-f ); body more 2 elongate (distinctly longer than wide) (subfamily Phalacrinae) 2. Elytron with nine regular striae Biophytus sp. Elytron with one sutural stria (and sometimes additional, very faintly indicated striae) 3 3. First segment of hind tarsus greatly elongate, longer than remaining segments combined (Scott 1922, Fig. 2d); hind tibial spurs long, much longer than crown of spines at apex of tibia; elytra testaceous, often with black maculations Augasmus thoracicus First segment of hind tarsus shorter than second segment (Scott 1922, Fig. 1d, 3e, f, 4b); hind tibial spurs short, hardly longer than crown of spines at apex of tibia; elytra 4 unicolorous, dark 4. Coxal lines of metaventrite broadly rounded behind (Scott 1922, Fig. 36) 5 Coxal lines of metaventrite angularly acuminate behind (Scott 1922, Fig. 34) Stilbus angulicaput 5. Hind tarsi with second segment more than twice as long as ﬁrst segment (Scott 1922, Fig. 4b); 1.5-1.8mm Nesiotus similis Hind tarsi with second segment less than twice as long as ﬁrst segment (Scott 1922, Fig. 3e, f ); 1.3-1.5mm Tinodemus tropicus 1.

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Subfamily PHAENOCEPHALINAE Phalacratomus exiguus Scott, 1922 Phalacratomus exiguus Scott 1922: 242. Distribution. Endemic. Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). Description. More globular in shape than other Seychelles phalacrids. Brownish-black with head, pronotum and tip of elytra sometimes yellowish-brown; underside paler; appendages yellowish, with antennal club usually darker. Easily recognized by the comparatively large mesoventrite and short hind tarsi. Length 0.9-1.2mm. Notes. A monotypic, endemic genus, and the only Seychellois representative of the subfamily Phaenocephalinae, but not sufﬁciently distinguishable from Phaenocephalus Wollaston. Phalacratomus will probably be synonymized with that genus in a forthcoming publication. Subfamily PHALACRINAE Tinodemus tropicus (Scott, 1922) Nesiotus tropicus Scott 1922: 237. Tinodemus tropicus: Švec 2002: 236. Distribution. Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Pot Glaud, Cascade, Anse aux Pins / Anse Royale 1892, 1908-9), Round (1908), Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Description. Uniformly black above; underside reddish, appendages reddish to yellowish. This species and Nesiotus similis are easily separated from other Seychelles species by the arcuate coxal lines on the metaventrite. It differs from N. similis in having a relatively shorter second hind tarsal segment. Length 1.3-1.5mm. Notes. Scott provisionally referred specimens from Madagascar and Réunion to this species. This species will soon receive a different generic assignment, as true Tinodemus are exclusively New World taxa. Nesiotus similis Scott, 1922 Nesiotus similis Scott 1922: 239. Distribution. Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Pot Glaud, Cascade, Anse aux Pins / Anse Royale 1892, 1908-9), Round (1908), Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Description. Similar to Tinodemus tropicus but with a relatively longer second hind tarsal segment. Length 1.5-1.8mm. Notes. Scott indicated that a few Rodrigues and Madagascar specimens may belong to this species. The status of the genus Nesiotus Guillebeau is questionable. Stilbus angulicaput (Scott, 1922) Stilboides angulicaput Scott 1922: 233. Stilbus angulicaput: Švec 2003: 108. Distribution. Endemic. Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description. Uniformly black above; underside and appendages dark reddish. Easily separated from all other Seychelles species by the acutely pointed coxal lines on the metaventrite. Length 1.6 mm. Notes. Originally described in the Guillebeau genus Stilboides, which was later synonymized with Stilbus Seidlitz.

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Augasmus thoracicus (Fleutiaux, 1887) Olibrus thoracicus Fleutiaux 1887: 61. Heterolitus thoracicus: Guillebeau 1893: 376. Parischius seychellensis Scott 1922: 235. Augasmus thoracicus: Lyubarsky 1994: 51. Distribution. Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Description. Highly variable in colouration and patterning; usually with ferrugineous ground colour, with or without black markings in the form of a diamond centered on the elytral suture, or a black basal band across elytra, sometimes only one is present, and sometimes both are expanded such that the greater part of the elytra is black except for a pale basal and pale apical spot. Distinctive for its elongate ﬁrst hind tarsal segment. Length 1.7-2.0mm. Notes. Originally described as an endemic, Parischius seychellensis, it is now known to be synonymous with an abundant and widely distributed species in the Old World tropics. Biophytus sp. Distribution. Aldabra (Ile Picard Settlement, 1986, D. Adamski). Description. Pale testaceous throughout, and easily recognized by its nine regular elytral striae. The ﬁrst hind tarsal segment is about as long as the remaining segments combined. Length 2.1 mm. Notes. The speciﬁc identity of the single collected specimen is unknown, but it is likely conspeciﬁc with one of the Malagasy or mainland African forms. The genus is endemic to the Afrotropical region. References Fleutiaux, E. 1887. Descriptions de Coléoptères nouveaux de l’Annam. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 56: 59-68. Guillebeau, F. 1893. Contributions a la faune Indo-Chinoise. Phalacridae. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 62: 374-379. Lyubarsky, G.Yu. 1994. New and little-known Phalacridae (Coleoptera Clavicornia) from the Oriental region. Russ. Entomol. Journ. 3(1-2): 49-59. Scott, H. 1922. No. 4. Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905 under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardner, M.A. Vol. 7. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260, pl. 19-22. Švec, Z. 2002. Revision of the African species of the genus Tinodemus Guillebeau (Coleoptera, Phalacridae). Results of the entomological expeditions of the Museum of Natural History, Berlin to Africa. 76th contribution. Mitt. Mus. Naturk. Berlin Zool. Reihe 78(2): 217-256. Švec, Z. 2003. A review of the genera Stilbus Seidlitz, 1872, Podocesus Guillebeau, 1894 and Entomocnemus Guillebeau, 1894 from Africa, Madagascar and the Seychelles (Coleoptera, Phalacridae). Entomolog. Basil. 25: 99-133.

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Family ENDOMYCHIDAE Floyd W. Shockley Introduction Endomychidae (the handsome fungus beetles) is a moderately speciose family of mycophagous beetles which feed primarily on the hyphae and spores of basidiomycete and ascomycete fungi but also contains members that commonly feed on zygomycete molds. Endomychids are primarily a tropical group found throughout the temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of the world with highest diversity in the Neotropics, Equatorial Africa, and Southeast Asia. To date, very few phylogenetic studies have been completed to clarify the higher-level relationships within the family and the relationships of the family to other members of the Cerylonid Series of Cucujoidea (Robertson et al. 2008; Ślipiński & Pakaluk 1991; Tomaszewska 2000a, 2000b, 2005). At present, Endomychidae contains 12 subfamilies and approximately 1782 species in 130 genera (Shockley et al. in press). Like many other mycophagous cucujoid families, the family Endomychidae is poorly represented in the Seychelles Islands. Kolbe (1910) recorded 2 species in his treatment of the Seychellen beetle fauna, and Arrow (1922) added 4 more species. No new species have been described from the Seychelles since Arrow’s treatment. However, since many similar species are often difﬁcult to diagnose or are found only in cryptic or specialized habitats, it seems likely that there may be additional, unidentiﬁed species still housed in museums around the world. The following is a key to the six known species of Endomychidae found in the Seychelles Islands. Key to the Endomychidae of the Seychelles Islands Antennae 5-segmented and stout Trochoideus desjardinsi 2 Antennae 9- or 10-segmented 2. Antennae 9-segmented; elytra with 2 yellow maculae Anagaricophilus pulchellus 3 Antennae 10-segmented; elytra uniformly dark 3. Tarsi 4-segmented; 2-segmented antennal club Eidoreus minutus 4 Tarsi 3-segmented; 3-segmented antennal club 4. Tarsi linear; tarsal claws simple Geoendomychus oculatus 5 Tarsomere I w/ single long narrow lobe; claws appendiculate 5. Antennomeres III-VII uniform in size and small Cyrtomychus minor Antennomere VII expanded apically compared to III-VI Cyrtomychus coccinelloides

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Species Accounts The following are individual species accounts of the species of Endomychidae known to occur in Seychelles. These treatments are not intended to be full redescriptions of these species, but instead are provided to diagnose them. Included with each description is a brief summary of their distributions (world and within Seychelles) and any available biological/ecological information. Anamorphinae Anagaricophilus pulchellus Arrow, 1922 (Fig. 1a) Anagaricophilus pulchellus Arrow 1922: 82 Description: Length: 1.5mm. Form elongate-oval. Dorsal vestiture ﬁne and short. Antennae 9-segmented with a loose, 3-segmented club. Pronotum with long, lateral sulci bounded externally by a distinct carina. Prosternum narrow but extending between the procoxae and

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rounded at tip. Mesosternum also narrow between mesocoxae. Each elytron with two yellow maculae, the anterior macula extends posterior from the middle of the basal margin and then bends towards the medial margin near the midpoint of the elytra to create a dark area near the mediobasal margin. The posterior macula is large, round and located just anterior of the elytral apex. Tarsi are 4-segmented with simple tarsal claws apically. Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles. Collected on Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons) and Mahe (Cascade; Mount Sebert). Collected in 1908-9. Biology/Ecology: Rarely collected. Their habitat appears to be limited to high elevation forests between 300-750m. There is no biological information known about this species. However, Pakaluk (1986) found the gut of an unidentiﬁed Anagaricophilus larva from Madagascar to be ﬁlled with spores of Fungi Imperfecti and also pointed out that species of similar genera are often found in forest debris (a common condition associated with mycophagy on microfungi). It seems likely that this species has similar habits. Cyrtomychus coccinelloides Kolbe, 1910 (Fig. 1b) Cyrtomychus coccinelloides Kolbe 1910: 35. Arrow 1922: 78 Description: Length: 1.8mm. Form elongate-oval. Dorsal vestiture moderately long. Antennae 10-segmented with a loose 3-segmented club; antennomeres III-VI similar in size and small, VII expanded apically (making it appear to be part of the club). Pronotum narrowly margined with short lateral sulci; laterally rounded and somewhat constricted basally. Prosternum narrow, parallel and acutely rounded at tip. Mesosternum strongly narrowed between the middle coxae. Elytra of male with apices produced and thickened, uniformly dark brown in color. Tarsi are 3-segmented with tarsomere I produced beneath to form a long, narrow slender lobe; tarsomere II much reduced; tarsomere III long and slender; tarsal claws bearing a sharp basal tooth ventrally. Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles. Collected on Silhouette (Mont Pot-a-eau; Mare aux Cochons), Mahe (Morne Blanc; Morne Pilot; between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois; Mare aux Cochons; Cascade Estate), and Praslin (Cotes d’Or Estate). Collected in 1894 and 1908-9. Biology/Ecology: Found exclusively in old growth high forests at elevations of 300-750m. Specimens have been collected from August to March. This species, along with the following, are rarely collected but locally abundant once a population has been found. Arrow (1922) reported specimens collected in Coco-de-Mer (Lodoicea) palm forests, which are endemic only to the islands of Praslin and Curieuse of Seychelles. However, specimens have been recovered from other islands suggesting that this is not an obligatory association. Cyrtomychus minor Arrow, 1922 (Fig. 1c) Cyrtomychus minor Arrow 1922: 78 Description: Length: 1.5 mm. Form elongate oval. Dorsal vestiture is prominent but shorter than in the preceding species. Antennae 10-segmented with a loose 3-segmented club; antennomeres IIIVII all small and similar in size. Pronotum more evenly rounded and broader at the base, its lateral sulci short but conspicuous. Prosternum narrow, parallel and acutely rounded at tip. Mesosternum strongly narrowed between the middle coxae. Tarsi identical to the preceding species. Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles. Collected on Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons), Mahe (Morne Blanc; Morne Pilot; Cascade Estate; Mare aux Cochons; Mount Sebert), and Praslin (Cotes d’Or Estate). Collected in 1908-9. Biology/Ecology: Sympatric with the previous species and like the preceding species is locally abundant and endemic to old growth high forests at elevations of 300-750m. According to Arrow (1922), this species can be found in forests containing Capucin fruit trees (Northia seychellana), Pheonicophorium borsigianum palms, or Coco-de-Mer palms (Lodoicea).

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A

B

C

D

E

F

Fig. 1. Line illustrations of the Seychellen Endomychidae species (vestiture and punctation not shown). A. Anagaricophilus pulchellus. B. Cyrtomychus coccinelloides (left side = male; right side = female). C. Cyrtomychus minor. D. Eidoreus minutus. E. Geoendomychus oculatus. F. Trochoideus desjardinsi (left side = male; right side = female). A-C and E redrawn from Arrow (1992); D redrawn from Sasaji (1986); E redrawn from Arrow (1925).

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Geoendomychus oculatus Arrow, 1922 (Fig. 1e) Geoendomychus oculatus Arrow 1922: 80 Description: Length: 1.0mm. Form elongate-oval. Dorsal vestiture erect and grayish in color. Antennae are 10-segmented with a 3-segmented club. Pronotum is transverse, narrowly margined, and with anterior-medially curved, deeply impressed lateral sulci reaching the middle of the pronotal disc; basal margin lobed medially. Prosternum is narrow between the procoxae but widened behind the procoxae, ﬂat, and margined along each side, apex truncate. Tarsi are 3-segmented and linear with simple tarsal claws. Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles and has only been collected on the island of Mahe (Cascade Estate) in 1909. Biology/Ecology: Very rarely collected. Known only from forests at approximately 300m elevation. No biological information is known about this species. Eupsilobiinae Eidoreus minutus Sharp, 1885 (Fig. 1d) Pseudalexia sechellarum Kolbe 1910: 34 Description: Length: 1.0mm. Oval and moderately convex. Dorsal surface smooth, extremely ﬁnely and sparsely pubescent. Antennae 10-segmented with a large 2-segmented compact club. Pronotum lacking lateral sulci or basal foveae entirely. Prosternum broadly separating procoxae and expanding laterally beyond procoxae. Mesosternum is highly modiﬁed and internalized, only visible as two small lateral plates. Anterior metasternal process large and rounded and meeting the posterior margin of the prosternum. Tarsi are 4-segmented with simple claws. Distribution: Widely distributed across Atlantic and Paciﬁc islands. Known from Cuba, Ecuador (Galapagos Islands), Fiji, French Polynesia (Tubuai Islands), Guadeloupe, Mascarene Islands, Seychelles, the Solomon Islands (Guadalcanal), Sri Lanka, the United States (Hawaiian Islands), and the Virgin Islands (Pakaluk & Ślipiński 1990). Within Seychelles, E. minutus was collected in 1908-9 on Mahe (Cascade Estate), Long Island and Praslin (Cotes d’Or Estate), and on Mahé (Le Niol) and Cousine in 1991 and 1998 respectively. Biology/Ecology: Most likely a myrmecophilous inquiline. Kolbe (1910) recorded specimens of this species from an ant nest found under a stone. Arrow (1922) further reported collecting it from the nest of the ant Pheidole punctulata found in a decayed log. Pleganophorinae Trochoideus desjardinsi Guérin-Méneville, 1838 (Fig. 1f ) Trochoideus desjardinsi Guérin-Méneville 1838: 22. Arrow 1922: 82 Trochoideus amphora Cantor 1844: 282 Pseudopaussus monstrosus Schulze 1916: 292 Trochoideus termitophilus Roepke 1919: 34 Trochoideus rouyeri Pic 1922: 8 Trochoideus particularis Pic 1922: 8 Description: Length: 3.0-4.0mm. Form elongate and parallel-sided. Dorsal vestiture consisting of short dense setae. Antennae 5-segmented (appearing as 4-segmented) and highly modiﬁed, the last segment greatly swollen in males and somewhat sausage-shaped in females (giving them a similar habitus to Paussine carabids) with the last 2 antennomeres appearing fused to form a massive club. Pronotum with lateral sulci represented only by very shallow depressions on the basal margin. Prosternum very narrow and not separating the procoxae. Tarsi are 4-segmented

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and linear, tarsomeres I and IV relatively long, tarsomeres II-III are similar in size and much shorter than I or IV. Distribution: Widely distributed across many of the Indian and Paciﬁc oceanic islands. Introduced into southern Florida (Skelley & Burgess 1995). Collected in the Andaman Islands, Borneo, Fiji, India, Java, Madagascar, Malay Peninsula, the Mascarene Islands, Myanmar, New Guinea, the Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the United States (Florida). Within Seychelles, collected in Mahe (Morne Blanc; Cascade Estate), Long Island, Silhouette (La Passe), Bird, Amirantes (Poivre and D’Arros islands), Farquhar and Providence in 1905, 1908-9 and 1999-2003. Biology/Ecology: Often found in association with rotting coconut husks of the Coconut Palm. However, it is also a facultative nest symbiont of social insects. Arrow (1925) reported specimens of this species were collected from the nests of two different termite species, Termes gilvus and Eutermes ceylonicus. Hölldobler & Wilson (1990) and Lawrence & Reichardt (1969) both list it generally as a myrmecophile, and Wasmann (1894) reported collection of it from the nest of an ant, Plagiolepis longipes. Specimens have been collected in ethanol/turpentine traps and at mercury vapor lights, black lights, and ﬂuorescent light traps (Skelley & Burgess 1995). Hinton (1945) and Aitken (1975) both reported this species as a pest of stored grain products where it probably feeds on the hyphae and spores of a variety of molds. Acknowledgements This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0329115 (to J. V. McHugh, M. F. Whiting and K. B. Miller). References Aitken, A.D. 1975. Insect Travellers. Volume I. Coleoptera., pp. xiv-xv; 86-87; 98-99. H.M. Stationery Ofﬁce, London. Arrow, G.J. 1922. Coleoptera, Erotylidae and Endomychidae, from the Seychelles, Chagos, and Amirantes Islands. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: 73-84. Arrow, G.J. 1925. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera. Clavicornia. Erotylidae, Languriidae, and Endomychidae. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. i-xvi, 1-416, 1 pl., 1 map. Cantor, T.E. 1846 [new taxa] Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 17 : 270-293 Guérin-Méneville, M. 1838. Sur le genre Trochoide, Trochoideus, Westwood. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Applique 1838: 22-24. Hinton, H.E. 1945. Lathridiidae, Murmidiidae, Endomychidae, pp. 112-188. In Hinton, H.E. [ed.], A Monograph of the Beetles Associated with Stored Products. British Museum of Natural History, London. Holldobler, B. & Wilson, E.O. 1990. The Ants. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., xii + 732 p. Kolbe, H. 1910. Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. (1910): 1-49 Lawrence, J.F. & Reichardt, H. 1969. The myrmecophilous Ptinidae (Coleoptera), with a key to Australian species. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard 138(1): 1-27. Pakaluk, J. 1986. Description of an Anagaricophilus (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) larva from Madagascar. Pro. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 88: 313-315. Pakaluk, J. & Ślipiński, S.A. 1990. Review of Eupsilobiinae (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) with descriptions of new genera and species from South America. Rev. Suisse Zool. 97: 705-728. Pic, M. 1922 Nouveautés diverses. Mélanges Exotico-Entomologiques 35: 1-32 Robertson, J.A., Whiting, M.F. & McHugh, J.V. 2008. Searching for natural lineages within the Cerylonid Series (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 46: 193-205

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Roepke, W. 1919 Ein termitophile Trochoideine von Java. Trochoideus termitophilus n. sp. (Col. Endomychidae). Treubia 1: 34-45 Sasaji, H. 1986. Systematic position of the genus Eidoreus Sharp (Coleoptera: Clavicornia), pp. 229-235, Papers on Entomology Presented to Prof. Takehiko Nakane in Commemoration of his Retirement. Japanese Society of Coleopterology, Tokyo. Schulze, W. 1916 Beitrage zur Coleopteren Fauna der Philippinen. Philippine Journ. Sci. 11: 291-299 Shockley, F.W., Tomaszewska, K.W. & McHugh, J.V. In press. An annotated checklist of the handsome fungus beetles of the world (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Endomychidae). Zootaxa Skelley, P.E. & Burgess, G.R. 1995. Trochoideus desjardinsi Guerin found in Florida (Endomychidae: Trochoideinae). Coleopt. Bull. 49(3): 289-291. Ślipiński, S.A. & Pakaluk, J. 1991. Problems in the classiﬁcation of the Cerylonid series of Cucujoidea (Coleoptera), pp. 79-88. In Zunino, M., Belles, X. & Blas, M. [eds.], Advances in Coleopterology. AEC, Barcelona. Strohecker, H.F. 1953. Coleoptera, Endomychidae, pp. 1-145. In Wytsman, P. [ed.], Genera Insectorum. Louis Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles. 1980. Eine neue Trochoideus-Art mit Uberblick uber die asiatischen Formen (Col. Endomychidae). Dtsch. Ent. Z. 27: 89-92. Tomaszewska, K.W. 2000a. Morphology, phylogeny and classiﬁcation of adult Endomychidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Ann. Zool. (Warszawa) 50: 449-558. 2000b. A review and a phylogenetic analysis of the genera of Leiestinae (Coleoptera, Endomychidae). Mitt. Mus. Nat.kd. Berl., Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 41: 65-86. 2005. Phylogeny and generic classiﬁcation of the subfamily Lycoperdininae with a re-analysis of the family Endomychidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Ann. Zool. (Warszawa) Supplement: 1-172. Wasmann, E. 1894. Kritisches Verzeichness der myrmekophilen und termitophilen Arthropoden. Felix Dames, Berlin. Xi + 231 pp. Family MORDELLIDAE Wenhua Lu A total of 13 tumbling ﬂower beetles (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) are recorded from Seychelles. Among them three are probable new species in three different genera. These 13 species belong to two tribes and eight genera (Mordellini: Glipa, Hoshihananomia, Mordellaria, and Stenomorda. Mordellistenini: Falsomordellistena, Glipostenoda, Mordellina, and Mordellistena). Glipa perigrinator (Champion, 1917) is resurrected and transferred from Mordella; Falsomordellistena partilis (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda coleae (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda degressa (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda mahena (Kolbe, 1910), Mordellina dirempta (Champion, 1917), and Mordellina septemcarinata (Champion, 1917) are transferred from Mordellistena; all this results in a total of seven new name combinations. Unusual sexual dimorphism of S. disparilis in elytral color pattern is noted for the ﬁrst time. The diversity of genera and the small number of species within each genus may indicate occasional colonizations and unlikely relics of former land connection. However, close resemblance and sympatric geography of species within each of Glipostenoda, Mordellina, and Mordellistena suggest recent speciation. Historical records suggest that Bignoniaceae is a novel larval host plant of Mordellidae. The tumbling ﬂower beetles (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) are known for frequenting ﬂowers and attempting to escape capture by springing and falling, or tumbling. Most species are only

115 3-5 mm long, but the larger species can approach 10mm. The family occurs worldwide from

temperate to tropical regions with the exception of a few remote oceanic islands like those in Hawaii. Many species are dark brown or nearly black, but some are colorfully patterned in shades of yellow, orange, or red. In addition to this chemical (pigment) pattern, pubescence of some other species creates a structural pattern in bands, stripes, or spots that often can be seen only at certain light angles. Often both the chemical and structural patterns in combination form a unique appearance of a species. The body shape of mordellids is quite distinctive and makes these beetles easy to recognize. The last abdominal segment is elongated into a spikelike process termed pygidium, which extends well beyond the carapace formed by the elytra. Their hind legs are disproportionately large and often have comb-like ridges on tibial and tarsal segments. Unlike most other beetles, mordellid beetles are vertically compressed and bowed or hump-backed. Champion (1917) recorded 10 species from Seychelles. Scott (1933) synonymized Champion’s Mordella perigrinator under the Javanese Glipa tricolor (Wiedemann, 1825); Blair (1940) conﬁrmed this; this is thus the origin of the G. tricolor record from Seychelles. However, current taxonomy (Takakuwa 2000) narrows its distribution range to exclude Seychelles. M. perigrinator is thus resurrected and transferred to Glipa. Accordingly, I have added three more newly recorded, if not new, species to the list, resulting in a total of 13 species. These beetles are in two tribes and eight genera (Mordellini: Glipa, Hoshihananomia, Mordellaria, and Stenomorda; Mordellistenini: Falsomordellistena, Glipostenoda, Mordellina, and Mordellistena). Hoshihananomia braueri (Kolbe, 1910) and Stenomorda disparilis (Champion, 1917) were respectively transferred from Mordella by Franciscolo (1965) and Horak (1995); Mordella perigrinator is resurrected and transferred to Glipa; no more species is left in Mordella by current taxonomic deﬁnition. Falsomordellistena partilis (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda coleae (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda degressa (Champion, 1917), Glipostenoda mahena (Kolbe, 1910), Mordellina dirempta (Champion, 1917), and Mordellina septemcarinata (Champion, 1917) are transferred from Mordellistena, and only one out of the seven original described species is left in that genus. As a result, there are in total seven new name combinations. Overall, no one genus has a large number of endemic species. This may indicate multiple colonizations and that the family in Seychelles has multiple geographic origins. This argues for that they are not relics of a former land bridge connection. However, based on close morphologies (especially number of tibial and tarsal ridges and color), there may have been local divergence and endemism in Glipostenoda, Mordellina, and Mordellistena. Except for Stenomorda that was previously known only from Congo, Ivory Coast, and Madagascar, most of these genera are widely distributed. However, Mordellaria ranges only from Africa to America and Asia (Jackman and Lu 2001, 2002); it is reported from the Indian oceanic islands for the ﬁrst time. Scott (1933) iterated that the Coleoptera of Seychelles mainly show Indo-Australian or Madagascar-Mascarene afﬁnities, but fewer African relationships. Presence of Stenomorda may suggest its Madagascar afﬁnity but that of Mordellaria may argue for an African association and against its Madagascan afﬁnity. Without comparison with these related faunas, I delay an opinion on his conclusions. Materials and Methods New species descriptions are postponed to a future publication because species from likely sources must be checked in case of synonyms. Justin Gerlach of the Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles (P. O. Box 207, Victoria, Mahe, Seychelles) provided specimens collected over the years. Most of these specimens were from malaise traps on the island of Silhouette within forest, on steep and rocky terrain with mostly ferns for ground cover, but capture method

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for all are stated in the species accounts. Distributions of all species are summarized based on current specimens and references, where speciﬁc localities and collecting dates are given in parentheses if information is available. Taxonomic terminology follows Lu et al. (1997) where the ridge formula includes the subapical ridge on the hind tibiae. Front legs include fore and middle legs throughout. Size is measured from head to tip of the pygidium when specimens are in deﬂexed position (head pressed ventrally close to thorax). A key to species is constructed for ﬁeld identiﬁcation without going into details requiring great taxonomic knowledge of the family. Acronyms for the National Museum of Natural History and my personal collection are NMNH and LUWH, respectively. Key to species in Seychelles Hind tibia without any lateral ridge except a subapical lateral ridge or a ﬁne dorsal ridge 2 (Mordellini) Hind tibia with lateral ridges in addition to a subapical lateral ridge 6 (Mordellistenini) 2. Size large (≥10mm) 3 Size small (<7mm) 4 3. Black with both color and pubescent patterns and isolateral maxillary palpus Glipa perigrinator Black with yellow or white spots and scalene maxillary palpus Hoshihananomia braueri 4. Head mostly yellow, with a yellow, oblique stripe on each elytral humerus Stenomorda disparilis male 5 Head dark, with elytral pattern or spots 5. Each elytral humerus with a ferruginous spot Mordellaria sp. indet. Stenomorda disparilis female Each elytrum with 2 ferruginous irregular spots 6. With at least 4 lateral ridges on tibia 7 With 3 lateral ridges on tibia 9 7. Elytra with 2 cinereous pubescent bands, ridge formula 4; 3, 2, 0-1 Falsomordellistena partilis 8 Elytra without any pattern or spot 8. Short antennae (antennomere 4<5), ridge formula 4-5; 3-4, 2, 2 Glipostenoda degressa Long antennae (antennomere 4=5), ridge formula 4-5; 3-4, 2, 2 Glipostenoda mahena 9. Ridge formula 3; 3, 2, 0 10 Ridge formula 3; 2, 2, 0 11 10. Antennomeres 1-4 subequal, with 3-5 stiff erect setae on lower edge of hind tibia Glipostenoda coleae Antennomeres 3-4 shorter than 1-2, without erect setae on lower edge of hind tibia Glipostenoda sp. indet. 11. Eyes large and coarse with distance on vertex between eyes <2-eye widths 12 Eyes small and ﬁne with distance on vertex between eyes ≥2-eye widths 13 12. Distance on vertex between eyes ≤1-eye width, with 2 tibial spurs Mordellina septemcarinata Distance on vertex between eyes >1-<2-eye widths, with 1 tibial spur Mordellina dirempta 13. Head and legs ferruginous, pronotum as broad as long, pygidium slender Mordellistena argutula Uniformly black to castaneous, pronotum broader than long, pygidium thick Mordellistena sp. indet. 1.

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Species Accounts Glipa (Stenoglipa) perigrinator (Champion, 1917), comb. nov. Mordella perigrinator Champion 1917: 179-180 Glipa tricolor (Wiedemann, 1825) partim, Scott 1933: 361; Blair 1940: 147; Ermisch 1949-50: 67 Diagnosis – Large (≥10mm), black to dark brown, with a complicated elytral pattern of color and pubescence: basal maculation XX-shaped, middle annular maculation gentle before and acutely zigzag behind; genae very narrow, indistinctly projected outwards in middle; eyes hairless; maxillary palpi broad isolateral triangular with apical sides longest; a ﬁne dorsal ridge on hind tibiae that is often hidden by long and light pubescence; male fore tibiae straight, not curved inward; Comparative Specimens – Glipa (Stenoglipa) annulata (Redtenbacher, 1868): Indonesia: Sulawesi (Celebes) (NMNH – 1 male: Tengah Prov., Palolo Valley, 600-800m, 8.VIII.1985, J. D. Weintraub). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (Round Island), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, IX.1908). Champion (1917) described M. perigrinator from Seychelles and included Java, Borneo, Singapore, Philippines, Sulawesi (Malacca), and Ceylon as its distribution range, apparently not aware of Mordella tricolor by Wiedemann (1825: 81-82). Scott (1933) transferred M. tricolor to Glipa correctly, but considered M. perigrinator a junior synonym of G. tricolor and reported G. tricolor present on Seychelles for the ﬁrst time. Blair (1940) conﬁrmed this and expanded its range even more widely. Working with specimens from New Guinea, Franciscolo (1952) described a new species G. griseopubens, which is depicted very much like M. perigrinator as shown by Champion. In his key to species, G. malacanna (Pic, 1911) was separated by bicolored pubescence from G. griseopubens. Horak (1994) synonymized G. malacanna under Glipa (Stenoglipa) annulata (Redtenbacher, 1868). Neither Franciscolo nor Horak may have been aware of G. tricolor or M. perigrinator. Takakuwa (2000) divided the subgenus Stenoglipa of Glipa into two supergroups: nipponica and annulata; he placed G. tricolor in the nipponica super-group, narrowed its distribution to Java and north Sumatra, thus excluding Seychelles, and synonymized both G. malacanna and G. griseopubens under G. annulata. However, M. perigrinator is considered a valid species different from G. annulata in the annulata super-group (Horak, pers. comm. 2007). To make the problem even more confusing, Champion (1917) regarded Mordella mixta Fabricius (1801: 122) from New Guinea as close to M. perigrinator, but M. mixta was not mentioned by either Franciscolo (1952) or Takakuwa (2000), indicating another possible synonym in the New Guinean Glipa. Without a large collection of specimens of all species involved, I refrain from further taxonomic assessments except to resurrect M. perigrinator as a valid species again and transfer it to Glipa. The following localities for G. perigrinator may prove to be incorrect because G. tricolor and G. perigrinator are different species in current taxonomy: Java, Borneo, Singapore, Philippines, Sulawesi (Malacca), Ceylon, and New Guinea. Although most Glipa species are forest dwellers, no specimen of this species was found in the malaise trap within forest and no recent Seychelles specimen was seen. I place it in the subgenus Stenoglipa based on the long antennae and the long pygidium with acutely pointed apex, as described by Champion (1917). Hoshihananomia braueri (Kolbe, 1910) Mordella braueri Kolbe 1910: 27-28, Champion 1917: 178-179 Hoshihananomia braueri (Kolbe, 1910), Franciscolo 1965: 426 Diagnosis – Large (≥10mm), black with yellow to white spots on pronotum (6) and elytra (8, 4 on each elytrum), securiform maxillary palpi, without any ridges except a subapical lateral ridge on each hind tibia.

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Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 1 male: La Passe, 11.I.1999, J. Gerlach, at light, also observed at Glacis Noel resting on Psidium cattleianum 18.XII.2008, J. Gerlach pers. comm.). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (Brauer), Silhouette. No specimen of this species was found in malaise traps and the only specimen here is almost 11 mm in total length, apparently a male. The two anterior spots on the pronotum are semilunate. But unlike the description of Champion (1917), the four basal spots on the pronotum are not so conﬂuent: the middle two are conﬁned to the basal lobe and more or less connected, but the submarginal ones are rather distant from the middle pair. This is probably individual variation. The pygidium is 1/2 as long as the elytra, thick, and blunt at tip, not sharp, twice as long as the hypopygium. The outer spur of hind tibiae is slightly shorter than the inner spur. Champion (1917) obviously did not have any specimens at hand but reported the holotype of Kolbe (1910) from an unspeciﬁed locality on Mahé Island. His measurement of the type to 14 mm suggests it is a female; the pronotal difference in basal spot conﬂuence may thus be just sexual. The genus has species worldwide but its highest diversity is in the Old World tropics. Hoshihananomia pirika from Taiwan (Formosa) is similar to this species in elytral pattern and pygidium shape, but different in pronotal pattern, all as depicted by Kono (1935). Mordellaria sp. indet., new record Diagnosis – Small, stout, globous, black with a yellow oval spot on each humerus; maxillary palpi securiform; eyes glabrous; antennomeres 3-4 narrower and slender, as long as antennomere 5, 5-10 sub-serrate, enlarged apically; a ﬁne dorsal ridge on hind tibiae and basal tarsi; front penultimate tarsomeres linear (not enlarged apically); pygidium short, ﬂat at base but pointed at tip, as long as last 2 abdominal segments combined or basal 3 hind tarsomeres combined or slightly <1/2 elytral length. Specimens Examined – Aldabra (LUWH – 3 males: Picard, 1974, R. Prys-Jones, malaise trap). Records of the genus Mordellaria range from Africa to America and Asia (Jackman and Lu 2001, 2002). The current record expands the range of the genus Mordellaria. This species is similar to the American M. undulata in size and in position of the humeral yellow spot; the latter has a pubescent pattern in addition to the color pattern. The body shape of this species is short and stout, quite distinct from the slender Stenomorda species, below, which is highly variable and has similar elytral patterns of yellow spots and may thus occasionally resemble this Mordellaria. Stenomorda disparilis (Champion, 1917) Mordella disparilis Champion 1917: 180-181 Stenomorda disparilis (Champion, 1917), Horak 1995: 79 Diagnosis – This species is strongly dimorphic, very different in color patterns of head, pronotum, and elytra between sexes. Male: small, robust but elongate, dark brown to black with head (except a dark cloud on vertex) and lateral pronotal edges yellow, and 1 yellow elongate spot on each anterior elytrum; maxillary palpi securiform; eyes not hypocranially expanded; antennomeres 2-3 shorter and narrower, 4-10 darker, slightly elongate and enlarged apically, subserrate; front penultimate tarsomeres slightly enlarged, bilobed apically, and emarginate dorsally; a ﬁne dorsal ridge on each hind tibia and tarsomeres 1-3; pygidium about 2.5 as long as hypopygium, as long as hind tarsi, or 1/2 as long as elytra. Female: larger than males, more robust, head and pronotum all black, each elytrum with 2 yellow elongate spots (male with only 1 such spot). Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 8 females: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, malaise trap at 390m; 2 males: Grande Barbe, VI.2001, J. Gerlach, malaise trap). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (summit of Morne Pilot; Mare aux Cochons District; Cascade Estate; Cascade, 14.X.1991; Le Niol, 28.X.1991), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and Pointe Etienue, both IX.1908).

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The genus was ﬁrst established in 1950 and had a total of ﬁve species with S. motoensis (Pic) and S. vittatipenis (Pic) from Belgian Congo (Pic 1931: 48; Ermisch 1950: 17-21; 1958: 355, 379-381), S. fasciata Ermisch and S. ﬂavipes Ermisch from Ivory Coast (both Ermisch 1968: 260-263), and S. fairmairei (Pic) from Madagascar (Pic 1908: 59, Franciscolo 1965: 346). Pic (1908) discovered that Mordella ornata Fairmaire (1895: 451) and Mordella tetraspilota Fairmaire (1895: 452), both of Madagascar, were junior homonyms of M. ornata Waterhouse (1878: 233) of Australia and M. tetraspilota Champion (1891: 278-279) of Mexico, respectively; he gave the species replacement names madecassa and fairmairei accordingly. Franciscolo (1965) transferred M. fairmairei to Stenomorda in a footnote that could be easily overlooked in his voluminous South African work. Horak (1995) added a 6th species by transferring M. disparilis to Stenomorda based on the character of 4th and 5th antennomeres being the same length and width, and compared differences among the closely related Seychellois S. disparilis, the Madagascan S. fairmairei (Pic, 1908), and the two Congolese S. motoensis (Pic, 1931) and S. vittatipennis (Pic, 1931). The Madagascan S. fairmairei (with head black in both sexes) is very similar to the Seychellois S. disparilis (Horak, pers. comm. 2007). Some adult mordellids congregate around their larval host plant (Lu 2006). Champion (1917) reported that adults of this species were found in a burrow in a stick in the jungle on Silhouette. The larvae of this species may be deadwood borers or fungus feeders, as many mordellids are. The two yellow spots on each elytrum of females often connect or are extended posteriorly with a spectrum of variation, as noted by Champion. The sexual dimorphism in color pattern is unusual in this species. Normally in Mordellidae, males differ from females mostly in head and pronotum, brighter in males and duller or darker in females. Males of S. disparilis not only have yellow head and yellow pronotal edges, versus dark head and dark pronotum in females, but also have only one yellow spot on each elytrum, versus two yellow spots on each elytrum in females. Strong sexual dimorphism has often resulted in a single species being named twice. Falsomordellistena (Falsomordellistena) partilis (Champion, 1917), comb. nov. Mordellistena partilis Champion 1917: 183-184 Diagnosis – Yellow head with 2 cinereous pubescent bands on elytra; antennomeres 3-4 subequal, slender, and barely longer than 1-2, 5 nearly twice as long as 4; eyes small and ﬁne with distance on vertex between eyes >2-eye widths; front penultimate tarsomeres slightly enlarged and deeply emarginated; hind legs with lateral ridges on all 1-3 tarsomeres (ridge formula: 4; 3, 2, 0-1) and 2 hind tibial spurs; pygidium twice as long as hypopygium, 1/2 as long as elytra, or as long as basal 3 hind tarsomeres combined. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 1 specimen: La Passe Reservoir, 7-14.VII.2001, J. Gerlach, malaise trap; 3 females: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, a malaise trap at 390m). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (Cascade Estate), Silhouette (Mont Pot-a-eau). Franciscolo (1967: 150-151) transferred six Mordellistena species from Madagascar to the genus Falsomordellistena and its subgenus Falsomordellostenoda: griseoapicalis Pic 1937: 30 (as variant of bicoloripes), atropyga Pic 1937: 28 (as variant of madecassa), bicoloripyga Pic 1937: 29, griseolineata Pic 1937: 29, madecassa Pic 1917: 23, and subunifasciata Pic 1942: 6 (not subunifasciata Pic 1924: 24, but correctly given a replacement name as Mordelistena unifasciolata Ermisch 1965: 201); all are placed in a footnote that is easily overlooked. However, F. partilis belongs to the subgenus Falsomordellistena sensu stricto because it has two hind tibial spurs.

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Glipostenoda coleae (Champion, 1917), comb. nov. Mordellistena coleae Champion 1917: 184-185 Diagnosis – Dark brown with 2 hind tibial spurs (outer 1/3 length of inner); maxillary palpi triangular; eyes large and coarse; antennomeres 1-4 subequal but 3-4 more slender, 5 nearly twice as long as 4; no lateral ridges on tarsomere 3 (ridge formula: 3; 3, 2, 0); ventral branch of right parameron not forked; pygidium about 2.5 as long as hypopygium, 1/2 as long as elytra, or as long as hind tarsi. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 1 male: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, a malaise trap at 390m). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe, Silhouette. Male genitalic comparison indicates that this species is different from Glipostenoda sp. indet., below, an apparently new species with the same ridge formula in the same genus. Although Champion (1917) paid close attention to the length of antennal segments, it is not clear what the proportional length of antennomeres 3-4 to 1-2 was. I judge the name applies to this specimen based on size, proportions of tibial spurs, presence of erect setae on tibiae, and shape of antennae, as stated by Champion. This species is larger than any other Seychelles member of Glipostenoda, including the new species, up to 5 mm (Champion 1917). The outer tibial spur is 1/3 the length of the inner spur, being relatively long as depicted by Champion (1917), as compared to the new species. There are ﬁve stiff erect setae along the lower edge of the tibia. The antennomeres 5-11 are rather broad, compressed, and elongate, with 3-4 like that of “Mordellistena” degressa where specimen examination reveals that antennomeres 1-4 are also of equal length regardless of width. Glipostenoda degressa (Champion, 1917), com. nov. Mordellistena degressa Champion 1917: 183 Diagnosis – Brown with 2 hind tibial spurs (outer 1/2 length of inner); maxillary palpi triangular; eyes large and coarse; serrate and short antennae with antennomeres 1-4 short and subequal, 5 nearly twice as long as 4; lateral ridges on all 1-3 tarsomeres (ridge formula: 4-5; 3-4, 2, 2); pygidium twice as long as hypopygium, as long as basal 3 hind tarsomeres combined, or slightly <1/2 as long as elytra. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 2 males/8 females: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, a malaise trap at 390m). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe, Silhouette. Champion (1917) correctly separated this species from the following species even though they have the same ridge formula. Glipostenoda mahena (Kolbe, 1910), com. nov. Mordellistena mahena Kolbe 1910: 28-29, Champion 1917: 182-183 Diagnosis – Brown with 2 strong hind tibial spurs (outer 1/2 length of inner); maxillary palpi triangular; eyes large and coarse; long ﬁliform antennae with antennomeres 2-3 shorter and narrower, antennomere 4 three times as long as 3 in male, 5 as long as 4; lateral ridges on all 1-3 tarsomeres (ridge formula: 4-5; 3-4, 2, 2); pygidium twice as long as hypopygium, 1/2 as long as elytra, or as long as hind tarsi. Specimens Examined – Curieuse (LUWH – 1 male: Baie Laraie, 20.III.2002, J. Gerlach, malaise trap); Praslin (LUWH – 1 male: SE coast, X.2001, J. Gerlach, malaise trap). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (Morne Blanc, IX-X.1908; Long Island, VII.1908; Round Island, VII.1908), Felicite Island (XII.1908), Marie Anne Island (XII.1908).

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Contrary to Champion (1917), antennomeres 1-2 are not shorter than 3; in fact each is longer than 3 (1 is stout and longer than 2, 2 is as long, if not longer, than 3) in male. I have no female specimens for comparison; the generic placement is thus tentative. Interestingly, this species has not been found on Silhouette Island yet. A host plant association may shed light on such an absence. Glipostenoda sp. indet., new record Diagnosis – Brown with 2 hind tibial spurs (outer 1/3-1/4 length of inner); maxillary palpi triangular; eyes large and coarse; antennomeres 3-4 shorter and narrower, subequal, each deﬁnitely shorter and narrower than 1 or 2; lateral ridges on tarsomeres 1-2 only (ridge formula: 3; 3, 2, 0); ventral branch of right parameron forked; pygidium at least twice as long as hypopygium (incomplete specimen), 1/2 as long as elytra, or as long as basal 3 hind tarsomeres. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 1 male: Grande Barbe, 15.III.2002, J. Gerlach, malaise trap). As mentioned above, the genitalia of this species are very different from G. coleae. It is also smaller in size, lighter in color, and less cuneiform (therefore more streamlined) than G. coleae with the same ridge formula. The outer tibial spur is much shorter than “Mordellistena” coleae depicted by Champion, only 1/4 the length of the inner spur. There are no stiff erect setae along the lower edge of the tibia other than regular pubescence. The antennae of both species ﬁt the description of “Mordellistena” coleae but the proportional lengths of antennomeres 3-4 to 1-2 are different in that 3-4 are shorter than 1-2 in this new species; in G. coleae the length of each antennomeres 1-4 is similar; 3-4 of both species are narrower. The front penultimate tarsomeres are short but not as dilated apically as in the other members of the genus. The only specimen is too damaged to compare its antennal length with G. coleae, but it would presumably be shorter because its antennomeres 3-4 are shorter than those of G. coleae. The forked ventral branch of the right parameron is similar to that of Mordellistena minuta from North America depicted by Lu (1997). Mordellina (Mordellina) dirempta (Champion, 1917), comb. nov. Mordellistena dirempta Champion 1917: 186 Diagnosis – Soft-bodied and delicate, brown anteriorly but darker posteriorly; short and serrate antennae, with antennomeres 3-4 slender and subequal, combined slightly longer than 5; eyes large and coarse with distance on vertex between eyes <2-eye widths; front penultimate tarsomeres dorsally emarginated but not dilated or bilobed; basal lateral ridge of hind tibiae crossing (ridge formula: 3; 2, 2, 0); hind tibiae with long erect setae on basal half of lower edge and only 1 hind tibial spur; pygidium long, slender, at least 3 times as long as hypopygium, as long as basal 3 hind tarsomeres combined, or slightly <1/2 as long as elytra. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 6 specimens: Grande Barbe, VI.2001, J. Gerlach, malaise trap; 8 specimens: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, a malaise trap at 390m). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe (Morne Blanc), Praslin (Cotes d’Or Estate), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons). This is the smallest species in Mordellistenini on Seychelles and can be easily confused with Mordellina septemcarinata (Champion, 1917), with the same ridge formula, below, but the number of hind tibial spurs distinguishes them. Some of the specimens distinctly show dark gray outer and sutural (inner) margins on the posterior half of each elytrum. I place it in the subgenus Mordellina sensu stricto because it has only one hind tibial spur.

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Mordellina (Pseudomordellistena) septemcarinata (Champion, 1917), comb. nov. Mordellistena septemcarinata Champion 1917: 185-186 Diagnosis – Ferruginous to castaneous; long antennae, antennomere 3 small, 1/2-2/3 length of antennomere 4; eyes large and coarse with distance on vertex between eyes ≤1-eye width; front penultimate tarsomeres dorsally emarginated but not dilated or bilobed; basal lateral ridge of hind tibiae crossing (ridge formula: 3; 2, 2, 0); 2 hind tibial spurs (outer 1/4<1/3 length of inner) yellow; pygidium very long, slender, 4 times as long hypopygium, as long as basal 3 hind tarsomeres combined, or slightly <1/2 as long as elytra. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 20 specimens [at least 2 males]: Jardin Marron, IX.2000-X.2001, J. & R. Gerlach, a malaise trap at 390m). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Mahe, Praslin, Silhouette. This species is the most numerous in Mordellistenini. All specimens of this species are ferruginous except one male that is castaneous. If one overlooks the eye size and the emargination of front penultimate tarsomeres, the darker specimens of this species can be confused with Mordellistena sp. indet., below, but the shape of the pygidium is different: long slender pygidium, as long as hind tarsus, in this species, versus thick and decurved in Mordellistena sp. indet. below. There are some erect setae on the lower edge of the hind tibia in this species but not mentioned by Champion. I place it in the subgenus Pseudomordellistena because it has two hind tibial spurs. Mordellistena (Mordellistena) argutula Champion, 1917 Mordellistena argutula Champion 1917: 186-187; Balir 1935: 269 Diagnosis – Slim, yellow head with dark cloudy area on vertex, light brown thorax, castaneous elytra; antennae short, with antennomeres 5-11 darker, antennomere 3 much shorter and narrower than 4, 4 slightly shorter than 5 and enlarged apically, antennomeres 5-10 subserrate, 1.5 as broad as long at most; eyes small and ﬁne with distance on vertex between eyes >2-eye widths; pronotum long, nearly as long as broad, anterior margin almost as broad as posterior; front penultimate tarsomeres linear, not dilated apically; basal lateral ridge of hind tibiae crossing (ridge formula: 3; 2, 2, 0); 2 hind tibial spurs yellow (outer 1/4-1/3 length of inner); pygidium slightly more than twice as long as hypopygium, 1/2 as long as elytra, or as long as hind tarsi. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 1 large male: Pointe Varreur, 18.VII.2000, J. Gerlach, sweeping Panicum maximum grass; 1 small male: Isle Aux Vaches Marines; 5.IV.2003, J. Gerlach, sweeping). Previous Distribution – Seychelles: Felicite, Mahe (Anonyme Island, Round Island, Morne Blanc, Anse aux Pins, Anse aux Royale, and Mare aux Cochons District), Silhouette (Pointe Etienue, 17.IX.1908; Mare aux Cochons). Champion (1917) noted the long pronotum of this species; it is nearly as long as broad and its posterior margin is not much broader than its anterior margin; both characters make this species slimmer than the following undetermined species. Champion (1917) also noted that the antennae of females are shorter than those of males; I do not have female specimens to conﬁrm this, but that is commonly so in Mordellidae. I place it in the subgenus Mordellistena sensu stricto because it has two hind tibial spurs. Mordellistena (Mordellistena) sp. indet., new record Diagnosis – Relatively cuneiform, black to castaneous; antennae short, slender, with antennomeres 5-11 darker; antennomere 2 longer than 1, antennomeres 3-4 shorter and narrower, antennomere 3 slightly shorter than 4, 4 slightly shorter than 5, 5 longest among 5-10, which are all nearly twice as long as broad; eyes small and ﬁne with distance on vertex between

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eyes ≥2-eye widths; pronotum transverse, broader than long, posterior margin broader than anterior; front penultimate tarsomeres linear, not dilated apically; basal lateral ridge of hind tibiae crossing (ridge formula: 3; 2, 2, 0); 2 hind tibial spurs yellow (outer 1/4-1/3 length of inner); pygidium thick, decurved, slightly more than twice as long as hypopygium, 1/2 as long as elytra, or almost as long as hind tarsi. Specimens Examined – Silhouette (LUWH – 2 females: Anse Lascars, 25.V.2003, D. Lachaise, sweeping mangos and Chinese guava (guave de chine); 1 female: Grande Barbe, VI.2001, J. Gerlach, malaise trap). This species is very close to Mordellistena argutula above superﬁcially except for body color, antennae, and pronotal shape. I only have female specimens and was concerned that the much darker body color might be a result of sexual dimorphism and these might be just the females of M. argutula. But the slender antennae of these females contrast with the shorter antennae of the females of M. argutula described by Champion (1917). The pronotum is distinctly broader than long and the posterior margin is wider than the anterior margin; thus the body is more cuneiform than M. argutula. Therefore, I conclude that this is a different species and place it in the subgenus Mordellistena sensu stricto because it has two hind tibial spurs. Ecology – Adult tumbling ﬂower beetles visit ﬂowers for pollen and nectar. Their larvae live a very different life (Lu 2006); they are mostly stem or wood borers; sometimes fungus eaters or gall makers; a few mordellids have long been reported predatory as inquilines. They can occasionally cause damage to some agricultural or horticultural plants; Takakuwa (2000) even reported a Glipa species caused damage to pine trees. The host plants are spread over >30 families that are not necessarily related; they are most frequently reported from legume, composite, and umbelliferous plants. Some specimens of Glipostenoda coleae were bred from larvae and pupa in the wood of an endemic tree Colea pedunculata (Champion 1917). This larval host plant is in the trumpet creeper family Bignoniaceae and had been missed in the diet of Mordellidae by Lu (2006). References Blair, K.G. 1940. Coleoptera from the Caroline Islands. Occ. Pap. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 16(6): 131-157. Champion, G.C. 1891. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Heteromera (part). 4(2): 278-279. Champion, G.C. 1917. Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Lond. 19: 161-187. Ermisch. K. 1949-50. Die Gattungen der Mordelliden der Welt (16. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mordelliden). Entomol. Blatter 45-46: 34-92. Ermisch, K. 1950. Exploration du Parc National Albert: Mission G. F. De Witte (1933-1935). Mordellidae (Coleoptera Heteromera). Inst. Parcs Nat. Congo Belge 71: 3-94. Ermisch, K. 1958. Uber Typen afrikanischer Mordelliden M. Pic’s des Musee Royal du Congo Belge (30. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mordelliden). Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 57(3-4): 354-387. Ermisch, K. 1965. Synonymische und nomenklatorische Feststellungen in der Familie Mordellidae (Coleoptera). 45. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mordelliden. Reichenbachia 5(22): 197-201. Ermisch, K. 1968. Contributions a la Connaissance de la Faune Entomologique de la CoteD’Ivoire (J. Decelle, 1961-1964). XIX.-Coleoptera Mordellidae (55. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mordelliden). Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. Centr. Zool. 8(165): 257-287. Fairmaire, M.L. 1895. Description de Coléoptères de Madagascar et iles voisines. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belgique 39: 443-454.

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Fabricius, J.C. 1801. Systema Eleutheratorum, vol. 2. Kiliae, London, UK. Franciscolo, M.E. 1952. Le Neoglipa e generi vicini della Nuova Guinea. Ann. Mus. Civ. Storia Natur., Genova 65: 325-357. Franciscolo, M. 1965. Chapter IV. Coleoptera: Mordellidae. A monograph of the South African genera and species. 2. Tribe Mordellini. South African Animal Life 11: 344-468. Franciscolo, M. 1967. Chapter VI. Coleoptera: Mordellidae. A monograph of the South African genera and species of Mordellidae. 3. Tribe Mordellistenini. South African Animal Life 13: 67-203. Horak, J. 1994. Description of Glipa (Macroglipa) thoracica sp. n. and revision of some species of the genus Glipa Leconte from the Oriental region (Coleoptera, Mordellidae). Folia Heyrovskyana 2(8): 101-110. Horak, J. 1995. Contribution to the taxonomy of Mordellidae from South and East Africa (Coleoptera: Mordellidae). Part 1. Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem. 59: 79-88. Jackman, J.A. & W. Lu. 2001. Nomenclatural changes for selected Mordellidae (Coleoptera) in North America. Insecta Mundi 15(1): 31-34. Jackman, J.A. & W. Lu. 2002. Family 101. Mordellidae Latreille 1802. In: Arnett, R.H., M.C. Thomas, P.E. Skeley & J.H. Frank (eds.), American Beetles, pp. 423-430. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Kolbe, H. 1910. Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Nebst Betrachtungen uber die Tiergeographie dieser Inselgruppe. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 5(1): 1-49. Kono H. 1935. Die Mordelliden Japans. Fuenfter Nachtrag. Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 123-130. Lu, W. 1997. Notes on identiﬁcation and ecology of tumbling ﬂower beetles (Mordellidae: Mordellistena) from Ossabaw Island, Georgia. Florida Entomologist 80(1): 95-98. Lu, W. 2006. A new larval host plant of Mordellidae (Coleoptera). Coleopterists Bulletin 60(2): 112. Lu, W., J.A. Jackman & P.A. Johnson. 1997. Male genitalia and phylogenetic relationships in North American Mordellidae (Coleoptera). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 90(6): 742-767. Pic, M. 1908. Colepteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. L’Échange, Rev. Linn., urgane mens. Natur. Reg. Lyon. Centre 24: 59-61. Pic, M. 1911. Coleopteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. L’Échange, Rev. Linn., urgane mens. Natur. Reg. Lyon. Centre 57(324): 190-191. Pic, M. 1917. Nouveautes diverses. Melanges Exotico-Entomologiques, Moulins 25: 21-23. Pic, M. 1924. Nouveautés diverses. Mélanges Exotico-Entomologiques, Moulins 42: 1-32. Pic, M. 1931. Coleopteres Malacodermes Heteromeres nouveaux. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 21(1): 37-50. Pic, M. 1937. Nouveautes diverses. Melanges Exotico-Entomologiques, Moulins 69: 25-30. Pic, M. 1942. Coléoptères du Globe. L’Échange, Rev. Linn., urgane mens. Natur. Reg. Lyon. Centre 58: 5-9. Takakuwa, M. 2000. A taxonomic study of the mordellid subgenus Stenoglipa (Coleoptera, Mordellidae). Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus. (Nat. Sci.) 29: 53-105. Redtenbacher, L. 1868. Reise der Osterreichischen Fregate Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. Zoologischer Tell. Zweiter Band. 1. Abtellung. A. Coleopteren, Mordellidae. Wien. 1-249. Scott, H. 1933. General conclusions regarding the insect fauna of the Seychelles and adjacent islands. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 19(3): 308-391. Wiedemann, C.R.W. 1825. Zweihundert neue Kafer von Java, Bengalen und dem Vorgebirge der Guten-Hoffnung. Zoologisches Magazin 2(1): 1-133.

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Family CERAMBYCIDAE E. Vives Cerambycidae is a large beetle family inhabiting all continents. Up to 32 species have been reported from the Seychelles Islands, including representatives of four subfamilies (Disteninae, Prioninae, Cerambycinae and Lamiinae) out of twelve in which the family is divided. Three genera and 24 species are endemic to Seychelles; three species are also present in Africa or Madagascar; and ﬁve species have a wide distribution, and have probably been recently introduced (Cogan, 1984). Most species have Malagasy (20) or African (9) afﬁnities, with a small group of species (3) with Indo-Paciﬁc afﬁnities (Scott, 1933; Gomy, 2000). All cerambycid species in Seychelles are able to ﬂy and they are associated to endemic plants in the islands (Gerlach, 2005). The Cerambycidae of Seychelles have been studied by several authors, including Lameere (1893), Théry (1897), Linell (1897), Alluaud (1900), Kolbe (1902,1910), Aurivillius (1922), Breuning (1957,1980), Adlbauer (2004) and Vives (2007). New samples obtained after the Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles campaigns during the past six years allowed updating the cerambycid species catalogue increasing it with two additional species. Thanks to the kind collaboration of Dr. Justin Gerlach (University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge), we could study these samples collected in the 2000-2006 campaigns, which are reported below. DISTENINAE Micronoemia albosignata Aurivillius, 1922 Micronoemia albosignata Aurivillius 1922: 429. Adlbauer 2005: 2 Nethinius madli Adlbauer 2004: 2 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands, Mahé (Morne Pilot 1905, 1908 – Aurivillius 1922; Mont Copolia, 15.V.2003, M. Madl – Adlbauer 2004), Silhouette (1000-2400ft; Aurivillius, 1922). Description: Diagnosis: 7-9mm long. Body black with some markings of greyish pubescence. Two transverse bands on the elytra with oblique stripes in the middle of each elytron. Elytral rows of punctures irregular at the base. Ecology: Found in the high forest, some specimens on the endemic Northea sp. (Scott, 1933). Status: This is a common species in Mahé and Silhouette. Micronoemia glauca Aurivillius, 1922 Micronoemia glauca Aurivillius 1922: 430. Adlbauer 2004: 2 Nethinius seychellensis Adlbauer 2004: 3 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands, Mahé (Mont Blanc, Mont Pilot over 600m, 1905, 1908 – Aurivillius 1922; Morne Seychellois Nat. Park, Dent Casse, 9-10.X.2002, M. Madl – Adlbauer 2004), Silhouette (1000-2000ft, above Mare aux Cochons, Mont Dauban – Aurivillius 1922; Mt. Plasir, 500m a.s.l., on Phoenicophorium borsignianus leaves, J. Gerlach leg.). Description: Diagnosis: 6-8mm long. Testaceous-brown with glaucous greyish-green pubescence, without markings on the elytra. Elytra ﬂattened basally, with six rows of punctures. Femora testaceous. Micronoemia glauca humeralis Aurivillius differs from the typical form in its smaller size and the presence of a lateral subhumeral yellow stripe on the elytra. Ecology: Found in the high damp forest of Morne Seychellois, Mahé. Some larvae were found into a stem of Northea sp., about 2400ft. J. Gerlach collected this species on leaves of Phoenicophorium borsigianum, 500m a.s.l. Status: Uncommon in Mahé and Silhouette.

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Micronoemia bifasciata Aurivillius, 1922 Micronoemia bifasciata Aurivillius 1922: 430 Distribution: Endemic to Mahé: Mare aux Cochons, 1500ft (Aurivillius, 1922). Description: Diagnosis: 5mm long. Body black with sericeous pubescence. Pronotum narrower at base than at apex. Each elytron with two transverse lateral spots. Punctures of elytral rows coarse, reaching behind the middle. Tarsi pale fuscous at base. Ecology: Adult specimens collected in forest of endemic “Bois de fer”, Vateria seychellarum. Status: Very rare species, present in the oldest forest of Mahé. (The forest of Vateriopsis that this was collected in no longer exists, it has now been replanted but for most of the 20th century Vateriopsis survived only as fewer than 30 trees, so I fear this species may not have survived) Micronoemia gerlachi Vives, 2007 Micronoemia gerlachi Vives 2007: 3 Distribution: Endemic to Silhouette, Jardin Marron, 350m a.s.l, Holotype 1 male. Collected in Malaise trap between October-September 2001. Description: Very similar to M. glauca, but without the six rows of elytral punctures, and with fulvous pubescence. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. PRIONINAE Discoblax wrighti (Waterhouse, 1880) Macrotoma wrighti Waterhouse 1880: 414. Lameere 1903: 111 Macrotoma dejeani Waterhouse 1894: 384 Hovatoma wrighti Lameere 1919: 44 Distribution: Seychelles, Mahé 1 male (Holotype) collected by E. P. Wright in 1868 (N.H.M.London coll.). Description: Diagnosis: Black with brown elytra. Antennae slightly longer than elytra. Elytra parallel, very slightly narrowed apically. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Platygnathus seychellarum Aurivillius, 1922 Platygnathus seychellarum Aurivillius 1922: 425. Quentin & Villiers 1975: 25. Komiya 2003: 35 Distribution: Species described upon a single female collected by Gardiner (1905) in Frigate Is., Seychelles. Komiya (2003) has recently found and described the male from specimens collected in Babuyan Is., a small island in the Northern Philippines. These two localities are more than 8000km apart, but they are both in the ancient maritime route of European ships sailing towards China and Japan in the XVII-XIXth Centuries. One of the two populations is probably introduced. Description: Diagnosis: 29-39mm long. Body blackish-brown. Head, thorax, antennae and legs blackish. Antennae ﬁnely punctured, about 0.6x as long as body length. Males with mandibles longer than females. This species is very similar to P. octangularis (Olivier) from Mauritius. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown.

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Paradandamis fuscovittatus Aurivillius, 1922 Paradandamis fuscivottatus Aurivillius 1922: 428 Distribution: Endemic to Mahé. Known exclusively from Aurivillius’ holotype (NHM, London) collected from Mahé 1908-1909, without more data. Aurivillius described the holotype as male, but the holotype specimen held at the NHM collection is a female. Description: Diagnosis: 17mm long. Pale brown, elytra testaceous, each with two darker longitudinal stripes. Prothorax transverse, narrower than head (including eyes), sides broadly obtusely angled near the middle. Aurivillius (1922) studied the remains of two Prionini specimens from Aldabra, which were tentatively classiﬁed with doubts as Hovatoma sp., an endemic genus from Madagascar. CERAMBYCINAE Xystrocera globosa (Olivier, 1795) Cerambyx globosus Olivier 1795: 27 Xystrocera globosa Serville 1834: 69. Lynell 1897: 699. Aurivillius 1922: 431 Distribution: Asian longhorn introduced in Africa and America. In Seychelles it is only found on Mahé (cultivated ﬁelds at Port Victoria 1894, Le Niol 1996). Description: Diagnosis: 15-30mm long. Prothorax nearly as long as broad, widest well behind the middle. Pronotum with median green stripe. Elytra with a slightly oblique submedian green stripe. Antennae serrate internally. Ecology: A highly polyphagous species. The larvae live on Acacia, Acrocarpus, Albizzia, Bombax, Xylia, Prunus, etc. (Duffy 1957). In Seychelles it lives on Albizzia lebbeck (Scott 1932). Status: Very common Asian species imported to Europe, Africa, and America. Stromatium barbatum (Fabricius) Callidium barbatum Fabricius 1775: 189 Stromatium barbatum Théry 1897: 66. Aurvillius 1922: 432 Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Southeast Asia. This species is also widely distributed through Madagascar, Mauritius and Reunion. In Seychelles it is only recorded from Mahé, cultivated ﬁeld Port Victoria (1905, 1908-9 – Aurivillius 1922). Description: Diagnosis: 12-29mm long. Ground colour reddish-brown to brownish-black, sparsely covered with tawny pubescence. Antennae about one-third longer than body in males. Elytra with two pairs of costae and sutural tooth at apex. Ecology: Very polyphagous species. The larvae live in caducifolia, perennifolia and also coniferous threes (sapwood). This species is of considerable economic importance. It is usually a pest of plywood packing-cases and furniture. E. S. Brown informed Crowson (1957) that Casuarina is the preferred host in Seychelles. Status: Very common species; considered a pest. Paralocus semitibialis Fairmaire, 1898 Paralocus semitibialis Fairmaire 1898: 252. Aurivillius 1922: 432 Distribution: Endemic to Madagascar. Only two specimens collected in Aldabra. Taken at light by Fryer (1908-09) and determined by Gahan. Aurivillius (1922) also mentioned these specimens, held at the University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge. Description: Diagnosis: 17mm long. Body of elongated shape, ground colour brown with greyish tomentum. Elytral base with brown fascia. Furrow between antennae striated. Prothorax ovalshaped, with lateral tubercles. Elytra elongated, with protruding humeri, rounded apex and

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acuminated sutural angle. Elytral surface strongly punctured. Legs short and slender, covered with greyish tomentum. Ecology: Unknown. Status: The presence in Aldabra of this Malagasy endemic is likely the result of accidental introduction. After Freyer’s 1908-1909 captures, the species has never been collected again. Ceresium albopubens Fairmaire, 1891 Ceresium albopubens Fairmaire 1891: 182. Alluaud 1900: 343. Aurivillius 1922: 432 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands, Mahé, Cerf (A. Bauer), Silhouette (La Passe, 20.VIII.2000, light trap, J. Gerlach leg.), North island (29.VII.2000, J. Gerlach leg.). Description: Diagnosis: 10-14mm long. Body elongated, yellowish-grey, with sparse white setae. Pronotum feebly arched laterally, completely covered with white tomentum except on middle of disc. Elytral apex rounded. Legs short and clubbed. Antennae shorter than elytra. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Found in axil of Dracaena reﬂexa. Ceresium ﬂavipes (Fabricius, 1792) Callidium ﬂavipes Fabricius 1792: 327 Distribution: Indo-Paciﬁc species reaching eastern Africa, central and south America, southeast Asia and Oceania. Collected on Conception Is., IV.2003 and 4.II.2003, and Silhouette, VIIVIII.2000 (J. Gerlach leg.). Description: Diagnosis: 11-16mm long. Body greyish-brown, antennae and legs yellowish. Pronotum almost entirely covered with grey tomentum, with two golden longitudinal stripes. Elytra ﬁnely punctured, covered with brownish tomentum. Antennae reaching beyond elytral apex in males. Ecology: Adults emerge in June, after eight or nine months. This species is reported to have caused serious damage to plantations of Casuarina sp. in India and of Citrus in Comores and Madagascar (Duffy 1968). Status: Of the Seychelles Cerambycidae this species has the widest distribution outside the islands. Idobrium sechellarum Aurivillius, 1922 Idobrium sechellarum Aurivillius 1922: 433. Scott 1932: 337 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands. Mahé, Mare aux Cochons, 1909, Aurivillius (1922). Description: Diagnosis: 5-6.5mm long. Brownish or testaceous. A pair of brownish testaceous longitudinal stripes on frons, continued as lateral bands on pronotum and elytra; on pronotum, lateral bands connected to median spot. Antennae longer than body in both sexes. Elytra with parallel sides, dehiscent at apex. Legs testaceous. Ecology: The specimens of the original description were collected on beaten trees of “Bois de fer”, Vateriopsis seychellarum (Scott, 1932). Status: Very rare species only known from the typical series. Idobrium voeltzkowi Kolbe, 1902 Idobrium voeltzkowi Kolbe 1902: 584. Aurivillius 1922: 432 Distribution: Endemic to Aldabra, Takamaka, XI.1908 (Aurivillius, 1922). Aldabra, Picard, 1974-76, R. Prys Jones leg., two females. One male West island nr. Settlement, 7-12.III.1968, B. Cogan & A. Huston leg. (N. H. M. London). Description: Diagnosis: 6.5mm long. Brownish testaceous with grey pubescence. Pronotum conspicuously broadened medially. Elytra twice and a half as long as pronotum, ﬁnely punctured.

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Elytral apex without punctures. Legs yellowish, slender, glabrous and without punctures. Femora feebly pedunculated. Eyes protruding, grossly faceted. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Idobrium femoratum Aurivillius, 1922 Idobrium femoratum Aurivillius 1922: 432 Distribution: Endemic to Aldabra. Takamaka, XI.1908, two specimens collected by Fryer. Description: Diagnosis: 7-8mm long. Ground colour yellowish-brown; head, pronotum and legs slightly darkened. Pronotum much longer than broad, not narrowed basally, with four gibbosities on disc. Elytra long and parallel, with six or seven delicate punctured grooves. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Obrium nitidicolle Aurivillius, 1922 Obrium nitidicolle Aurivillius 1922: 435 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands, Mahe (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons 19089 – Aurivillius 1922), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908 – Aurivillius 1922; Gratte Fesse 25.III.2006, J. Gerlach leg.; Grande Barbe, VI.2001, J. Gerlach leg., at sea level), Praslin (31. IV.2003, J. Gerlach leg.). Description: Diagnosis: 5-6mm long. Yellowish-testaceous, with a broad stripe on each side of prothorax and ﬁve spots on elytra. Elytral spots more or less obsolete. Antennae longer than the elytra in both sexes. Pronotum shining, naked, impunctate and smooth without elevations. Elytra parallel-sided, rounded at apex, naked and shining. Ecology: The specimens of the type series were collected on Vateropsis seychellanum (Aurivillius 1922), near Morne Blanc, 1000m a.s.l. Status: This species has been collected by light trap throughout Silhouette island. Anomoderus rugosicollis Aurivillius, 1922 Anomoderus rugosicollis Aurivillius 1922: 436 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands. Mahé, Holotype from Cascade Estate, 1909, 800m a.s.l. (Aurivillius, 1922). Silhouette, Jardin Marron, one male collected in a Malaise trap between October 2000-September 2001, J. Gerlach leg. Description: Diagnosis: 4mm long. Fuscous brown, with head and pronotum blackish, elytra brownish, legs bright chestnut-brown. Pronotum elongated, subcylindrical, strongly constricted at base. Legs short, femora clavate. Ecology: Unknown. Status: This species is very similar to the other two known species of this genus, A. coquereli Fairmaire and A. tubericollis Fairmaire, which are found in Madagascar, but can be easily distinguished by its pronotal shape. Iresiodes aldabrensis (Linell, 1897) Leptocera aldabrensis Linell 1897: 701 Leptocera (Glaucytes) aldabrensis Kolbe 1902: 583 Glaucytes aldabrensis Aurivillius 1922: 436 Iresiodes aldabrensis Breuning & Villiers 1968: 60. Vives 2007: 3 Distribution: Endemic to Aldabra, XII.1908 (Fryer): Picard, 1974-76, R. Prys-Jones leg., two males.

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Description: Diagnosis: 5-8mm long. Ground colour blackish brown; antennae and legs brown. Head and pronotum with two yellowish longitudinal stripes. Elytra black, each elytron with sutural, discal and lateral longitudinal band, the latter only reaching basal third. Surface entirely covered by strong punctures and yellowish tomentum. Ecology: This species can be collected on a variety of shrub ﬂowers. Status: See Vives (2007). LAMIINAE Coptops aediﬁcator (Fabricius, 1792) Lamia aediﬁcator Fabricius 1792: 275 Cerambyx fuscus Olivier 1792: 462 Coptops parallelus Serville 1835: 64 Coptops aediﬁcator Breuning 1957: 13 Distribution: Widely distributed through tropical Africa and southern Asia. Also present in Madagascar, Mascarene is. and Seychelles (Silhouette [specimen in NHM, London; no further details], Coetivy [1905], Aldabra [1907-8] and Assumption [1909-10]), where it has been most likely intrdocued (Aurivillius 1922). Description: Diagnosis: 11-21mm. Ground colour dark brown with golden and greyish pubescence. One longitudinal stripe behind each eye and two on pronotum. Elytra ﬁnely granulated basally, each elytron with a basal gibbosity. Middle of elytra with two transverse zigzagged stripes of dark tomentum. Ecology: This species is generally found at sea level on Ficus carica. The specimens from Aldabra are slightly smaller and darker. Status: Fairly common, widely distributed species. Coptops humerosa Fairmaire, 1872 Coptops humerosa Fairmaire 1872: 69 Distribution: Endemic species to granitic islands, Mahé (lowlands 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette, coastal and Maré aux Cochons (1908 – Aurivillius 1922), La Digue (Ch. Allauaud 1892). One male from Silhouette (Riviere Machabee, 13.VI.2001, J. Gerlach leg.). Description: Diagnosis: 13-20mm long. Shiny black, sides of elytra, upper body parts, legs and antennae with ﬁne yellowish-brown pubescence. Elytra ﬁnely granulated, rather acuminated apically; prebasal gibbosities weak; humeri straight and protruding. Antennae much longer than body in males. Ecology: J. Gerlach captured this species on Jantropha curcas, 20m a.s.l. It seems to be mainly associated with littoral areas. Status: Endemic species, known from the shores and lower regions of granitic islands except specimens from 350-390m (Mare aux Cochons and Jardin Marron, Silhouette). Olenecamptus bilobus (Fabricius, 1801) Saperda biloba Fabricius 1801: 324 Olenecamptus lacteoguttatus Fairmaire 1881: 351 Olenecamptus bilobus var. trimaculatus Breuning 1940: 55 Distribution: Eastern Asia, Paciﬁc Islands, Australia and Madagascar. Species widely distributed, imported with fruiting and ornamental trees. In Seychelles known from Mahé (1905-6) and Silhouette (La Passe 1908 – Aurvillius 1922). One male from Silhouette VII-VIII.2003, J. Gerlach leg. Description: Diagnosis: 12mm long. Ground colour cinamon-brown, with yellowish-grey pubescence. Head, pronotum and ventral surfaces covered with white tomentum. Elytra with

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markings of whitish tomentum, one postscutellar, a small lateral one, and an oval postdiscal one. Breuning (1940) described one Seychellan variety presenting an additional small sutural marking. Ecology: This species is a pest of cultivated trees, such as Ficus or Artocarpus, among others (Duffy 1968). It has an annual cycle, with adults ﬂying in daylight. The larvae excavate tunnels under the tree bark which severely dmages the branches. Status: Very common, widely distributed species. Tragocephala alluaudi Lameere, 1893 Tragocephala alluaudi Lameere 1893: 62 Distribution: Endemic to La Digue (1892). Description: Diagnosis: 20-24mm long. Elongated, parallel-sided. Tegument colour black, with whitish-yellow tomentum markings. Pronotum with two broad black transversal stripes. Elytra with two broad transversal bands and two large postmedian discal spots. Legs and antennae covered with blackish-brown tomentum. Ecology: Larvae living in cultivated plants such as Citrus sp., Theobroma sp. and Coffea sp. (Duffy 1957). Status: Unknown. Pterolophia instabilis Aurivillius, 1922 Pterolophia instabilis Aurivillius 1922: 349. Breuning 1957: 295 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands, Mahé, Long Island, Silhouette; collected below 300m a.s.l. in 1908-9. Description: Diagnosis: 4-7mm long. Shape elongated, subparallel. Ground colour reddishbrown with grey and brownish pubescence forming designs on the elytra, such as a big lateral triangular marking. Antennae slightly longer than body in males. Elytral markings have been used to describe up to six colour variants (Aurivillius 1922). Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Ropica sechellarum Breuning, 1957 Ropica sechellarum Breuning 1957: 304 Distribution: Endemic to Seychelles. Only known from Mahé (Holotype) and recent captures of one male from Silhouette, Jardin Marron, 350m a.s.l., collected in a Malaise trap between October 2000-September 2001, J. Gerlach leg.; and one female from Grande Barbe, 22.VII.2000, J. Gerlach leg. Description: Diagnosis: 5.5-7mm long. Reddish-brown with yellowish pubescence. Antennae and legs reddish. Prebasal discal gibbosity of elytra unconspicuous. White postmedian transverse stripe on elytra. Breuning (1957) described the form interruptefasciata for specimens with a reduced elytral band. Ecology: The specimens collected in Grande Barbe were found at sea level on Sophora tomentosa. Status: Unknown. Sybra geminata (Klug, 1832) Saperda geminata Klug 1832: 208 Apomecyna sechellarum Lameere 1893: 106 Sybra geminata Breuning 1957: 312 Distribution: Malagasy species occasionally reaching Mahé (1892) and Silhouette. One male from La Passe, Silhouette, 20.VI.2001, at sea level, J. Gerlach leg.

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Description: Diagnosis: 7-9mm long. Antennae as long as body in males. Pronotum with strong, conspicuous puncturation. Elytral vestiture brown with a longitudinal, medially narrowed white band. Elytra obliquely truncated apically. Ecology: This species reaches Seychelles within coffee and watermelon plant stems (Duffy, 1957). Status: This species does not usually constitute a pest. Sybra fauveli (Théry, 1897) Apomecyna fauveli Théry 1897: 66 Sybra fauveli Breuning,1957: 313 Distribution: Endemic to granitic islands. Described from La Digue (Théry 1897), with one male recently captured from Mon Plaisir, Silhouette, 8.VII.2000, 500m a.s.l., with light trap, J. Gerlach leg. Description: Diagnosis: 6-8mm long. Very similar to S. geminata, but recognisable by an almost obsolete prothoracic punctuation, three small discal tubercles and paler pubescence. Ecology: This species could be better adapted to higher altitudes than S. geminata. Status: Unknown. Prosoplus dentatus (Olivier, 1792) Lamia dentata Olivier 1792: 496 Prosoplus dentatus Gahan 1893: 192. Aurivillius 1922: 441 Micracantha obliquata Fairmaire 1896: 386 Distribucion: Malagasy species occasionally reaching Reunion, Mauritius, Aldabra (d’Emmerez 1907) and Silhouette (La Passe – 2007). Description: Diagnosis: 10-14mm long. Tegument brownish, covered with ochre and greyish tomentum. Pronotum with two basal transverse stripes. Elytra with broad, wavy postmedian band. Antennae slightly longer than elytra in males. Male hind coxae with small spine. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) subreticulatus Breuning, 1957 Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) subreticulatus Breuning 1957: 242 Distribution: Endemic to Mahé (no further data – Breuning 1957). Captured on Bird Island, 4.IV.2001, a.s.l., J. Gerlach. Description: Diagnosis: 4-6mm long. Antennae almost as long as elytra. Third antennal segment slightly longer than fourth. Puncturation of head and pronotum very ﬁne. Lateral tooth of pronotum strongly bent. Elytra with sparse small white markings, without forming longitudinal stripes. Elytral surface covered with small granules, each bearing a black seta. Ecology: This species usually attacks Theobroma sp. weak branches. Status: Unknown. Mahenes semifasciatus Aurivillius,1922 Mahenes semifasciatus Aurivillius 1922: 443. Breuning 1957: 231 Distribution: Endemic to Silhouette and Mahé. Mare aux Cochons, Silhouette, IX.1908; Morne Blanc, Mahé, XI.1908, and Cascade Estate, I.1908, Long Is., VII.1908 (Aurivillius 1922). Recently captured at Grande Barbe, Silhouette, 22.VII.2000. J. Gerlach leg. Description: Diagnosis: 6mm long. Reddish, covered with grey and brown tomentum. Pronotum with two brown stripes on disc. Lower lobes of eyes twice as long as cheeks. Antennae slender, longer than elytra, with interior face densely striped with setae. Median transverse band on elytra short.

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Ecology: The specimens from Grande Barbe where collected at light during the night. Status: Unknown. Mahenes demelti Breuning, 1980 Mahenes demelti Breuning 1980: 50 Distribution: Described from Mahé, Beau Ballon, VII.1978, C. V. Dermelt leg. (Breining coll.). Description: Diagnosis: 4.5mm long. Very similar to M. semifasciatus, distinguishable by third antennal segment clearly shorter than fourth, pronotum about as long as broad, elytral design with short longitudinal brown stripes, anastomosing at places, and apical half of mid tibiae almost black. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Mahenes multifasciatus Vives, 2007 Mahenes multifasciatus Vives 2007: 5 Distribution: Only known from the type locality. Silhouette, Grande Barbe, VI.2001, J. Gerlach leg. Description : Diagnosis: 4.4mm long. This species is very similar to Mahenes demelti, but can be distinguished by its smaller size, antennae slightly shorter with third antennal segment clearly longer than fourth, narrower thorax with less protruding lateral spine of pronotum, and elytral pattern consisting of entire parallel stripes. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. Hyllisia (Hyllisia) quadricollis (Fairmaire, 1871) Hippopsis quadricollis Fairmaire 1871: 75 Hyllisia quadricollis : Aurivillius 1922: 442 Distribution: Endemic to Mahé, Morne Blanc and Cascade Estate (Aurivillius 1922). Recently collected in Silhouette, Chemin Montagne Passe, 30.IX.2003, J. Gerlach leg. (Vives 2007) and Jardin Marron 1999. Description: Diagnosis: 10-23mm long. Antennae twice as long as body in males, with segments 3-5 densely striped internally with long setae. Pronotum with ﬁve white longitudinal stripes. Elytra with six narrow yellowish longitudinal stripes. Elytral apex obliquely truncated. Ecology: Unknown. Status: Unknown. References Adlbauer, K. 2004. Neue Distenidae und Cerambycidae aus Afrika und den Seychellen (Coleoptera). Les Cahiers Magallanes 37: 1-17. Alluaud,Ch. 1900.Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Région malgache.In Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, 21: 335-355. Aurivillius, Ch. 1922. Coleoptera (Cerambycidae) from the Seychelles Islands, Aldabra and Rodriguez. Ann.Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 10: 421-443. pl.12,13. Breuning, S. 1957. Faune de Madagascar. Insectes, Coléoptères, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae. Inst. Recher. Scien. Tananarive 4: 1-401. 1980. Nouvelle espèce de Lamiinae des Iles Seychelles. Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse, OctobreDecembre (1980): 50 Cogan, B.H. 1984., Origins and afﬁnities of Seychelles insect fauna. In: Stoddart,D.R., (ed.) Biogeography and ecology of the Seychelles Islands. Dr.W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, pp. 245-258.

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Duffy, A.E.J. 1957 A monograph of the immature stages of African timber beetles (Cerambycidae). British Museum (Natural History), London. 338pp. Duffy, A.E.J. 1968 A monograph of the immature stages of Oriental timber beetles (Cerambycidae). British Museum (Natural History), London. 434pp. Gerlach,J. 2005. The biodiversity of the granitic islands of Seychelles ﬁrst report of the Indian Ocean Biodiversity Assessment 2000-2005. Gomy,Y. 2000. Nouvelle liste chorologique des coléoptères de l’archipel des Mascareignes. Soc. Réunionn. Amis Muséum,Saint-Denis (2000): 1-140. Hill, M.J. 2002 Biodiversity surveys and conservation potential of inner Seychelles islands. Atoll Res. Bull. (2002): 1-495. Kolbe, H.J. 1894. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der longicorner. Stettiner Entomol. Zeit. 55: 11-50. 1902. Koleopteres der Aldabra-Insel. Abhandlugen der Schenck. Natur. Ges. 26: 569-586. 1910. Die Koleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 5: 38. Lameere, A. 1893. Mission scientiﬁque Ch.Alluaud aux Sèchelle. Bull.Soc.ent. France 62: 105-106. Linell, M.L. 1897. On the insects collected by Doctor Abbott on the Seychelles, Aldabra, Glorioso and Providence Islands, with descriptions of nine new species of Coleoptera. Proc.U.S.Nat.Museum 119: 695-702. Scott, H. 1933. General conclusions regarding the insects fauna of the Seychelles and adjacent islands. Trans. Linn. Soc. London (2) 19(3): 307-391, pl.17-23. Théry, A. 1897. Description d’un Cerambycidae nouveau des îles Seychelles (Col.). Bull. soc. Ent. France (1897): 66-67. Vives, E. 2007. On some Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from Seychelles, with description of two new species. Entomologia Africana, 12: 3-5. Superfamily CURCULIONOIDEA Frank W. Pelsue, Jr. & Charles W. O’Brien The Curculionoidea is the largest superfamily of animals (beetles) on earth comprising numerous families, subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes. The following families were identiﬁed from the insect fauna found during this project: Anthribidae, Attelabidae, Brentidae, Dryophthoridae, and Curculionidae (true weevils), Platypodidae and Scolytidae. What separates this superfamily of beetles from the remainder of the Coleoptera is their having the head prolonged into a beak or rostrum of various forms, except for Platypodinae and Scolytinae; rigid palpi; absence of a labrum except in the Anthribidae and Nemonychidae; Anthribids lack a gula or gular sutures, many primitive weevils two sutures and a gula; all weevils have antennae with a compact or loose club (Blatchley & Leng 1916). Key to the families of Curculionoidea in Seychelles 1. Antennae straight, moniliform or ﬁliform, antennomeres usually have last 3 antennomeres 2 forming loose club 4 Antennae geniculate, club usually compact 2 Eyes broadly separated usually lateral, lacking gula and gular sutures Anthribidae 3 Eyes dorsal or contiguous, with gula and paired gular sutures 3 Eyes with crystalline coating; antennal club scarcely wider than funicle; body narrow, elongate-oval Brentidae Eyes normal, lacking crystalline coating; antennal club distinctly wider than funicle; body short, stout-oval Attelabidae

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Scape exceeding posterior margin of eye, funicle with 4 or 6 antennomeres Dryophthoridae Scape not exceeding posterior margin of eye, funicle with 5, 6 or 7 antennomeres Curculionidae Family ANTHRIBIDAE

Anthribids, primitive weevils living on fungi, in wood, seeds and other niches. Four species have been identiﬁed in IOBA material: Cleranthribus anthicopsis Jordan, Cleranthribus colydiopsis Jordan, Hormiscops sp. and Sintorops alloeus Jordan. The family is wide spread, in most biotypic zones. Anthribids are considered primitive due to their mouthparts having a well developed labrum and moniliform antennae with many having an extremely elongate segments, so the antennae may be as long as or longer than the body in males, including Sintorops; usually with a loosely three segmented club. Diagnosis: Small to large beetles usually brown to black some with variegated markings and extremely long antennae of 11 antennomeres the last 3 broader than the rest forming a loose club; mouthparts with a labrum, long labial palps; antennae inserted just in front of eye or almost at apex of rostrum; rostrum mostly short, broad and ﬂattened, with some longer and cylindrical appearing; thorax with anteapical or apical basal, carina separating these weevils from the Nemonychidae and all other weevils. Ecology: IOBA material found in malaise trap, one specimen no collection data. These weevils are called “fungus weevils” and found in various species of fungi usually associated with wood. Many smaller species attack seeds of various plants. Status: Little known regarding biology of these weevils, but probably only of scientiﬁc interest on Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Achoragus tener Jordan, 1914 Achoragus tener Jordan 1914: 265 Mahé (above Port Glaud, Mt. Sebert, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Araecerus fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775) Araecerus fasciculatus Jordan 1914: 267 Mahé (Cascade 1909), Long (1909), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Pantropical Choragus ornatus Jordan, 1914 Choragus ornatus Jordan 1914: 262 Mahé (Cascade 1909) Choragus bolus Jordan, 1914 Choragus bolus Jordan 1914: 263 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Cleranthribus anthicopsis Jordan, 1914 Cleranthribus anthicopsis Jordan 1914: 259 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (2000) Cleranthribus colydiopsis Jordan, 1914 Cleranthribus colydiopsis Jordan 1914: 258 Mahé (all high forest areas 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908, 2000).

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Contexta murina Jordan, 1901 Contexta murin Jordan 1914: 256 Mahé (Cascade 1909), Long (1909). Also Asia. Corynaecia scotti Jordan, 1914 Corynaecia scotti Jordan 1914: 264 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Dysnos aethiops Jordan, 1914 Dysnos aethiops Jordan 1914: 266 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Epitaphius licheneus Jordan, 1914 Epitaphius licheneus Jordan 1914: 253 Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908) Hormiscops sorbrinus Jordan, 1914 Hormiscops sorbrinus Jordan, 1914: 251 Mahé (all high forest areas 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Marianne (1908) Hormiscops tibialis Jordan, 1914 Hormiscops tibialis Jordan 1914: 251 Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Port Glaud, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Felicite (1908) Hormiscops laetus Jordan, 1914 Hormiscops laetus Jordan 1914: 252 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908) ‘Hormiscops’ tesselatus Jordan, 1914 Hormiscops (?) tesselatus Jordan 1914: 253 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909) Phlaeobius gigas cervinus (Klug, 1833) Phlaebius nigroungulatus Fairmaire 1893: 324. Kolbe 1910: 39 Phlaeobius gigas cervinus Jordan 1914: 255 Mahé (Cascade, Le Niol 1888, 1892, 1908-9, 1996). Subspecies also in Madagascar and Mascarenes, species in Asia. Phlaeobius pustulosus Gerstaecker, 1871 Phlaeobius pustulosus Jordan 1914: 256 Aldabra (1908). Also Africa and Madagascar. Sciretinus dimidiatus Jordan, 1914 Sciretinus dimidiatus Jordan 1914: 261 Mahé (Morne Seychellois, Trios Freres, Cascade, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois 1908-9) Scirtetinus eumelas Jordan, 1914 Scirtetinus eumelas Jordan 1914: 260 Mahé (above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), Felicite (1908). Scirtetinus luteipes Jordan, 1914 Scirtetinus luteipes Jordan 1914: 261 Mahé (Cascade, Mt. Planeau 1909) Scirtetinus piceus Jordan, 1914 Scirtetinus piceus Jordan 1914: 262 Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Sintorops alloeus Jordan, 1914

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Sintorops alloeus Jordan 1914: 249 Mahé (high forests 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Xenotropis rugicollis Fairmaire, 1895 Xenotropis rugicollis Fairmaire 1895: 281. Kolbe 1910: 39. Jordan 1914: 248 La Digue (1892) Family ATTELABIDAE Attelabids are primitive leaf rolling weevils, but not as ancient as Anthribids. One species submitted for identiﬁcation and probably the only species known from Seychelles. These leaf rolling weevils have a longer more cylinderical rostrum than Anthribids. Mouthparts lack a labrum, with stout mandibles toothed on inner margin. This group has brightly colored species and some specimens with prothorax and head extended into a long narrow neck, and include the “Giraffe” weevil Trachelophorus giraffa from Madagascar. Diagnosis: Euops viriditinctus rather distinctive in that it has very large holoptic eyes and rather short rostrum differing from the majority of Attelabidae that have long cylindrical beaks; antennae with at least 3 antennomeres forming broader club than found in Anthribidae, but with most species having these antennomeres forming a loose club; abdomen rather thick laterally and rectangular in shape in dorsal view; integument glabrous, brightly colored, usually shiny; legs have tibiae with two strong hooks at apex. Ecology: Found on Tamarindus and Chrysobalanus in Seychelles. In other areas found on oaks, roses, and many more plants. Status: Probably of little importance as pest of any vegetation on Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Euops viriditinctus Champion, 1914 Euops viriditinctus Champion 1914: 395 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Pt. Varreur 1908, 2003) Family BRENTIDAE Brentidae are primitive weevils that usually are associated with trees and woody shrubs. Their larvae develop under bark feeding on the cambium layer. A group of them develop as guest in the nests of ants or termites. Another group is known to use the galleries of ambrosia Platypodines and scolytines for their entry in to wood and the fungi there for food for their larvae. This includes the single brentid collected in this study, in the African and Asian tribe Cyphagogini. Diagnosis: Small to very large elongate beetles (3 to 80mm.); with a short to long rostrum; usually brown to back, some variegated with brown or yellow; antennae straight, with 3 antennomeres in the somewhat loose club, which is not or hardly wider than the funicle; the eye is covered completely with a crystalline coating; the claw tarsomere is longer than tarsomeres 2 + 3 combined. Ecology: The single brentid in the IOBA material (“Cryptogonus” sp.) belongs to a group that is known to invade the galleries of ambrosia weevils, Platypodinae or Scolytinae. They eject the adults guarding the entrance or kill and eat them and destroy the larvae or eggs in the galleries. They lay their own eggs in the ambrosia beetles egg niches and the larvae either eat the fungus there or make their own galleries burrowing in and eating the wood.

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Status: Based on the biology of related species cited above, this species should not have any economic importance in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Cylas formicarius (Fabricius, 1798) Cyclas formicarius Champion 1914: 450 Mahé (coastal, Cascade 1905, 1908-9), Anonyme (1909), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Pantropical (introduced ?) “Cyphogogus” sp. sensu lato Silhouette, Jardin Marron; new to Seychelles, widespread in Africa, Madagascar, Asia, the Paciﬁc Region and Papua New Guinea. Eupsasalis amitina Kolbe, 1910 Eupsalis amitina Kolbe 1910: 39, Scott 1926: 75 Mahé (1894), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Family DRYOPHTHORIDAE Dryophthorids were for a long time a subfamily of the Curculionidae, or a tribe in the Cossoninae, but recently Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999) have elevated it to family level. These weevils have geniculate antennae and range in size from the largest weevils to very small weevils. Three species have been identiﬁed in this study. Species found in Seychelles, are mainly small weevils found in leaf litter. The characteristics that separate the Dryophthorids from the rest of the weevils are a stout scape projecting past the eye, basally inserted on the rostrum, without scrobe for scape to rest in; third tarsal segment not bilobed, may be broad and heart shaped apically; funiculus with 4 or 6 antennomeres; antennal club with antennomere 1 long, usually glabrous, last two antennomeres not well differentiated in external view. Diagnosis: Small to very large weevils comparing grainary weevil with huge palm weevils. Ovate-oblong with long rather thick, cylindrical rostrum; antennal scape usually reaching hind margin of eye or beyond; antennal funiculus with 4 or 6 antennomeres; antennal club usually oval with rather blunt apex, basal segment long, glabrous; distance from pro-, mesocoxa short compared with distance from mesocoxa to metacoxa usually twice the distance compared with pro-, mesocoxal distance. Ecology: Found in leaf litter in Seychelles. Stenommatus musae is often found in large numbers in rotting banana stems. Sitophilus linearis is a pest of tamarinds; most Dryophthorids are found on a variety of grasses, bromeliads, palms, bananas, and grains such as rice, wheat, barley etc. Status: The little known about the biology of this family on the Seychelles islands suggests they will not be signiﬁcant economic pests there. Species recorded in Seychelles: Caldanra oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) Caldanra oryzae Champion 1914: 494 Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Coetivy (1905), Providence (Cerf 1905), Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Cosmopolitan, widely introduced. Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar, 1824) Cosmopolites sordidus Champion 1914: 493 Mahé (1905, 1908-9), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Also Asia.

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Diocalandra frumenti (Fabricius, 1801) Cadandra stigmaticollis Kolbe 1910: 46. Champion 1914: 495 Calandra sechellarum Kolbe 1910: 46 Diocalandra frumenti Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940c: 394 Mahé (1908-9, 1936), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Also Asia and Indo-Paciﬁc (the four-spotted coconut weevil). Dryophthorus ecarinatus Champion, 1914 Dryophthorus ecarinatus Champion 1914: 457 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Impatiens site 2000) Dryophthorus lymexylon (Fabricius, 1792) Dryopthorus lymexylon Champion 1914: 457 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1908-9). Cosmopolitan. Eugnoristus braueri Kolbe, 1910 Eugnoristus braueri Kolbe 1910: 47. Champion 1914: 492 Mahé (Cascadem Mare aux Cochons 1888, 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908) Myocaldanra exarata (Boheman, 1838) Caldanra exarata Champion 1914: 495 Mahé (1905). Also Asia. Polytus mellerborgi (Boheman, 1838) Polytus mellerborgi Champion 1914: 494 Mahé (Morne Blanc 1905, 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (1908). Also Asia. Sitophilus linearis (Herbst, 1797) Caldanra linearis Champion 1914: 494 Long (1908). Pantropical. Stenommatus musae Marshall, 1920 Silhouette (2000). Pantropical. Trochorhopalus strangulatus (Gyllenhal, 1838) Trochorhopalus strangulatus Champion 1914: 493 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9). Also Asia. Family CURCULIONIDAE The curculionidae are the largest family of insects (animals) in the world with more than 50,000 species known to science with probably another 200,000 yet to be discovered or named. To date they are found on all continents of the world except for Antarctica. These weevils are found in numerous habitats and many are economic pests. They are distinguished from most other families of the Curculionoidea by having geniculate antennae, compact club of usually 3 antennomeres; rostrum may be broad and short, or long and narrow. Diagnosis: Males and females with short and broad to elongated, almost straw like rostrum; mouthparts lacking labrum, with short rigid palpi usually concealed within the mouth; antenna geniculate with scape (elongated antennomere 1), and funiculus usually of 2-7 antannomeres, with compact club of 3 antennomeres, making total 11 antennomeres; thorax without sutures separating prosternum; procoxal cavity open or enclosed, globular or transverse; mesocoxal cavity enclosed oval, often transverse; tarsal claws either connate or free with or without either biﬁd or appendiculate accessory appendage; claws rarely single or absent; abdomen composed of 5 exposed sterna.

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Ecology: Leaf litter; on or in various plants either feeding or ovipositing in wood, leaves, roots, or fruit. Status: Members of this family of weevils could be of economic importance in damaging important vegetation, roots or fruits. However, further data for each species must be obtained to determine their importance. Key to subfamilies of the Curculionidae 1 Rostrum long or short and broad; tibiae lacking external spines along outer margin; or 2 tarsi not slender, with ﬁrst tarsomere not as long as tarsomeres 2-4 Rostrum lacking or very short; tibiae with external spines along outer margin, or tarsi 7 slender, with ﬁrst tarsomere as long as tarsomeres 2-4 2 Prosternum with median channel 3 5 Prosternum lacking median channel 3 Rostrum ﬁts into median channel when in repose with apex ﬁtting into cup in median mesosternum Cryptorhynchinae Rostrum may or may not ﬁt into median prosternal channel when in repose, but channel 4 lacking apical cup entirely 4 Eyes large usually holoptic or frons very narrow; anterior lateral margin of prothorax lacking postocular lobes; mesepimeron ascending visible in dorsal view Conoderinae Eyes normal sized not unusually large; anterior lateral margin of prothorax with postocular lobes or at least indication of postocular lobes when rostrum ﬁts into median channel; mesepimeron not visible in dorsal view Molytinae 5 Metatibiae 3 lacking ascending comb of stout setae; apex of protibiae formed into long, large uncus (hook) exceeding apex of tarsus, funicle with 5 or 7 antennomeres Cossoninae Metatibiae 3 usually with ascending comb of stout setae, apex of protibia with shorter uncus not exceeding apex of tarsi, or not uncinate; funicle with 6 or 7 antennomeres 5 6 Rostrum short and broad Entiminae Rostrum longer than prothorax; slender may be very long Curculioninae 7 Tarsus very slender, tarsomere 1 as long as 2-4 together Platypodinae Scolytinae Tarsus with tarsomere 1 not as long as 2-4 together; antennae geniculate Baridinae This subfamily is a very large and diverse group occuring world wide with numerous hosts. The group is characterized by having an ascending mesepimeron visible in dorsal view and lacking a deep prosternal median channel for the reception of the rostrum. No members of this subfamily were discovered by the IOBA. The taxa mentioned below apparently are the only species known from Seychelles. Baridomorpha triplaris Champion, 1914 Baridomorpha triplaris Champion 1914: 446 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Baris multivaga Champion, 1914 Baris multivaga Champion 1914: 449 Bird (1908), Desroches (1905), Remire (1905) Baris seychellensis Champion, 1914 Baris seychellensis Champion 1914: 418 Mahé (Cascade 1909)

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Conoderinae The subfamily Conoderinae is a moderately large group of weevils that can be distinguished by their large holoptic eyes in most species. There was one species in the genus Phaenomerus collected during the IOBA, which we believe is new to Seychelles. There is some evidence that these weevils inhabit the tunnels of Platypodines and may feed on detritus (feed on dead material left by other insects). Diagnosis: Small to large weevils with large eyes that are holoptic in most species. These weevils are elongate-oval to slender may be squat looking in lateral view: usually with a rather long rostrum; many species have a prosternal channel in which the rostrum rests, if they lack the channel the procoxae are widely separated; even though they may have a prosternal channel they lack postocular lobes on the anterior margin of the lateral prothorax; abdomen slopes strongly, obliquely upward in lateral view in most species; mesepimeron ascending and usually visible in dorsal view. Ecology: Leaf litter. Status: The importance of this weevil is not known in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Phaenomerus lineolatus (Fairmaire, 1898) Phaenomerus lineolatus Fairmaire 1898: 325. Silhouette (Mt. Corgat 2000) Sphadasmus granocostatus Fairmaire, 1893 Sphadasmus granocostatus Fairmaire 1893: 325. Champion 1914: 449 ‘Seychelles’ (1892) Cryptorhynchinae Cryptorhynchinae, are a large subfamily of weevils that breed on a variety of vegetation from wood of trees of various species to nuts and other seeds. Two species were found in the collections of this project. These are identiﬁed on basis of the rostrum ﬁtting into a median channel in the anterobasal prosternum, with the rostrum extending behind with the apex ﬁtting into a receptacle in the median mesosternum, with postocular lobes on the anterior lateral margins of the pronotum. Diagnosis: Weevils in this subfamily have a median channel on anterior prosternum between procoxae with rostrum ﬁtting in channel when in repose with apex ﬁtting into cup situated in mesosternum; with propleural post ocular lobes. Ecology: Acalles seychellensis was found in a pitfall trap in IOBA material, but probably is a wood borer. Cryptorrhynchideus graniger was found in leaf litter. Status: Little known regarding biology of these weevils found on the Seychelles islands, but may be of economic importance. Species recorded in Seychelles: Acalles seychellensis Champion, 1914 Acalles seychellensis Champion 1914: 441 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Mon Plaisir 2000) Camptorrhinus brullei Bohem, 1826 Camptorrhinus brullei Kolbe 1910: 45. Champion 1914: 441 Mahé (1894). Also Madagascar.

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Cryptorrhynchus erratus Champion, 1914 Cryptorrhynchus erratus Champion 1914: 442 Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Also Africa Cryptorrhynchideus graniger Champion, 1914 Sphadasmus granocostatus Kolbe 1910: 45. Cryptorrhynchideus graniger Champion 1914: 443 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908, 2000), Praslin (1905). Rhetogenes sexcristatus Champion, 1914 Rhetogenes sexcristatus Champion 1914: 445 Long (1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Rhetogenes spurcus Champion, 1914 Rhetogenes spurcus Champion 1914: 445 Silhouette (1908). Shutea acminatum Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal, 1999 Rhombosoma acuminatum Champion 1914: 447 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Cossoninae This subfamily often is found under bark of a variety of tree species, and frequently is associated with palm fronds and palm ﬂower stalks. From this project we have identiﬁed eight species. These small, elongate, ﬂat weevils to cylindrical weevils have larvae that bore in the cambium layer of wood. Dryotribus breeds in driftwood along beaches. Diagnosis: Small, elongate, ﬂat to cylindrical beetles, usually with elongate to short, tube like rostrum; protibiae prolonged beyond articulation of tarsus into a long curved hook Kissinger (1964); metatibiae lacking apical and ascending combs at apex; procoxae often widely separated by at least diameter of coxae; mesocoxae widely separated from metacoxae; derm usually glabrous. Ecology: IOBA material found in leaf litter, malaise trap, at light. Status: Found primarily in dead tree trunks so pose little economic impact on trees in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Chaerorrhinodes tenuiculus Champion, 1914 Chaerorrhinodes tenuiculus Champion 1914: 458 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Conarthrus sp. Mahé (Beau Vallon 28.vii.2002 – probably introduced) Coptus latiusculus Champion, 1914 Coptus latiusculus Champion 1914: 488 Mahé (Cascade 1908) Cossonus suturalis Boheman Cossonumus suturalis Champion 1914: 485 Silhouette (open secondary habitat, La Passe, Jardin Marron 1908, 2000). Also southern Africa. Cossonus incivilis (Fabricius, 1871) Cossonus incivilis Champion 1914: 485 Mahé (between Morne Seychellois and Trois Freres 1908). Also southern Africa. Dendroctonomorphus muriceus Champion, 1914 Dendroctonomorphus muriceus Champion 1914: 491

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Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9). Also Asia. Dryotribus mimeticus Horn, 1873 Assumption (north coast 13.xii.2005). Also Paciﬁc islands. Himatinum breviusculum Champion, 1914 Himatinum breviusculum Champion 1914: 481 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Himatinum conﬂuum Champion, 1914 Himatinum conﬂuum Champion 1914: 480 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9) Himatinum rugipenne Champion, 1914 Himatinum rugipenne Champion 1914: 480 Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Seychllois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Hypopentathrum microcephalum Champion, 1914 Hypopentathrum microcephalum Champion 1914: 462 Praslin (Vallée de Mai 1908) Lasiotrupis clavigera Champion, 1914 Lasiotrupis clavigera Champion 1914: 478 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Melarhinus incrustatus Champion, 1914 Melarhinus incrustatus Champion 1914: 481 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909) Microhimatium pubescens Champion, 1914 Microhimatium pubescens Champion 1914: 479 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Microplatymerus lodoiceivorus Champion, 1914 Microplatymerus lodoiceivorus Champion 1914: 452. Zimmerman 1968: 27 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Microtrupis piligera Champion, 1914 Microtrupis piligera Champion 1914: 477. Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Microtrupis puncticeps Champion, 1914 Microtrupis puncticeps Champion 1914: 477 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Microtrupis longipennis Champion, 1914 Microtrupis longipennis Champion 1914: 476 Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Orthotemnus ﬁliformis Champion, 1914 Orthotemnus ﬁliformis Champion 1914: 484 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Oxydema fusiforme Wollaston, 1873 Cosmoledo (Grande Ile 2005). Also Mascarenes and Paciﬁc. Pentarthrum longicolle Champion, 1914 Pentarthrum longicolle Champion 1914: 459 Mahé (Mare aux Cocons, Cascade 1908) Pentarthrum punctatissimum Champion 1914 Pentarthrum punctatissimum Champion 1914: 460 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908)

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Pentarthrum scotti Champion, 1914 Pentarthrum scotti Champion 1914: 461 Mahé (no locality 1909) Pentarthrum seychellarum Champion, 1914 Pentarthrum seychellarum Champion 1914: 460 Mahé (Cascade 1908) Phlaeophagosoma aldabrum Champion, 1914 Phlaeophagosoma aldabrum Champion 1914: 483 Aldabra (Takamaka 1908) Phlaeophagosoma conicicolle Champion, 1914 Phlaeophagosoma conicicolle Champion 1914: 482 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Proeces compressicollis Champion, 1914 Proeces compressicollis Champion 1914: 488 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Proeces silvestris (Kolbe, 1910) Proeces silvestris Kolbe 1910: 45. Champion 1914: 489 Mahé (Cascade, Mt. Planeau 1908) Rhyncolosoma dubium (Gahan, 1900) Rhyncolosoma dubium Champion 1914: 486 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Felicite (1908). Also on Christmas island. Stenomimus orientalis Champion, 1914 Stenomimus orientalis Champion 1914: 490 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenopentarthrum pandanae Champion, 1914 Stenopentarthrum pandanae Champion 1914: 463 Mahé (high forest 1909), Silhouette (high forest 1908) Stenotrupis biformis Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis biformis Champion 1914: 470 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis caliginosa Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis caliginosa Champion 1914: 471 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Stenotrupis conicicephala Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis conicicephala Champion 1914: 472 Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis convexiuscula Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis convexiuscula Champion 1914: 467 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis crassipes Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis crassipes Champion 1914: 468 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1909) Stenotrupis dumetorum Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis dumetorum Champion 1914: 475 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mt. Sebert 1908), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallée de Mai 1908)

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Stenotrupis ﬁlum Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis ﬁlum Champion 1914: 469 Silhouette (Mare aux cochons 1908) Stenotrupis lodoiceicola Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis lodoiceicola Champion 1914: 466 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Stenotrupis nemoralis Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis nemoralis Champion 1914: 472 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis nitidula Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis nitidula Champion 1914: 474 Mahé (Morne Pilot 1909) Stenotrupis parallelus Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis parallela Champion 1914: 468 Mahé (Trois Freres, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Stenotrupis polita Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis polita Champion 1914: 473 Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis ruﬁpes (Fairmaire, 1902) Stenotrupis ruﬁpes Fairmaire 1902: 467. Kolbe 1910: 45. Champion 1914: 467 La Digue (1892) Stenotrupis sericata Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis sericata Champion 1914: 473 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Stenotrupis silvicola Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis silvicola Champion 1914: 475 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Mt. Anse Major 1908-9), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908) Stenotrupis tarsalis Champion, 1914 Stenotrupis tarsalis Champion 1914: 470 Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9) Stenoscelis crassifrons Wollaston, 1873 Stenoscelis crassifrons Champion 1914: 491 Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Also southern Africa. Temnorrhamphus latirostris Champion, 1914 Temnorrhamphus latirostris Champion 1914: 461 Mahé (Cascade 1908) Tetragonorrhamphus tuberculirostirs Champion, 1914 Tetragonorrhamphus tuberculirostirs Champion 1914: 487 Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Blanc ,Mare aux Cochons, Cascade, Mt. Sebert 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Prasin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Felicite (1908), Marianne (1908) Trapezirrhynchus silhouettensis Champion, 1914 Trapezirrhynchus silhouettensis Champion 1914: 464 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908)

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Entiminae Entiminae is a large subfamily of broad nosed weevils, considered the most primitive weevils in the family Curculionidae and found in a variety of habitats. Adults feed on foliage of many plants and larvae burrow in the soil to feed on plant roots. Five species and one variety were found during the IOBA. Distribution: Conception, Silhouette, North, Alphonse, Cousine, Cosmoledo, Astove, Assumption, Malabar and Aldabra for this project. Diagnosis: The common name broad nosed weevils, refers to the short broad rostrum. In addition, the mandibles have a scar where a deciduous cusp once attached to aid in the adult in emerging from the pupal cell and the soil in which it develops; the adult body is either elongate, or broad and robust. Ecology: IOBA material found at light, in pitfall traps, heath trap, stomach contents of Neomantis thomassett, and leaf litter. Status: Little known regarding biology of these species of weevils in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Barianus litoralis (Champion, 1914) Epirrhamphus litoralis Champion 1914: 398 Farquhar (1905), Cosmoledo (1907, 2005), Assumption (2005), Aldabra (1907-8, 2005) Brachycyclus minor (Champion, 1914) Brachycyrtus minor Champion 1914: 397 Aldabra (Takamaka 1908) Cratopus adspersus Waterhouse, 1884 Cratopus adspersus Champion 1914: 402 Bird (1905), Dennis (1905), Remire (1905), Desroches (1905), Poivre (1905), D’Arros (1905), Farquhar (1905), Astove (1907), Cosmoledo (1907), Assumption (1909), Aldabra (1907). Also in Chagos. Cratopus aurostriatus Fairmaire, 1892 Cratopus aurostriatus Fairmaire 1892: 22. Kolbe 1910: 41. Champion 1914: 402 Cratopus parcesquamosus Fairmaire 1893: 324. Kolbe 1910: 41 Cratopus abbotti Linell 1907: 704 Mahé (1888, 1894, 1905-6, 1908-9), Cerf (1906), Silhouette (2000), Praslin (1905), Felicite (1908). Also Madagascar. Cratopus aurostriatus var. Champion, 1914 Cratopus aurostriatus var. Champion 1914: 402 Mahé (1908-9), Marianne (1908). Cratopus griseovittatus Linell, 1897 Cratopus griseovittatus Linell 1897: 697. Kolbe 1910: 41. Champion 1914: 400 Cratopus sparsutus Fairmaire 1898: 485 Mahé (all coastal areas 1905, 1908-9), Round, Silhouette (all coastal areas 1908, 2000), Praslin (1905), Cousine (1998). Cratopus muticus Champion, 1914 Cratopus muticus Champion 1914: 404 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons, Montagne Anse Major 1905-6, 19089), Silhouette (1990). Only at high altitude feeding on Northea hornei (Mahé) or Pisonia sechellarum (Silhouette).

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Cratopus segregatus Champion, 1914 Cratopus segregatus Champion 1914: 402 Cratopus segregatus var. subcincuts Champion 1914: 403 Mahé (1990-2006), Silhouette (1908, 1990-2006), Praslin (1905-6, 1908). Common at all altitudes. Cratopus viridisparsus Fairmaire, 1896 Cratopus viridisparsus Fairmaire 1896: 22. Linnell 1897: 702. Champion 1914: 401 Aldabra (Takamaka, Picard 1907-8) Lepydnus nepenthicola Champion, 1914 Lepydnus nepenthicola Champion 1914: 397 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Cascade, Montagne Anse Major 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mt. Dauban 1908, 2000) Sciatrophus fuscus Sampson, 1914 Sciatrophus fuscus Sampson 1914: 380 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Endemic. Found in Lodocea maldivica axils. Molytinae Another large subfamily of weevils with most of the specimens found on the Seychelles islands being very small and found in leaf litter. Fifteen species were found in Seychelles, thus making it by far the best represented family of weevils. This subfamily is found world wide in a variety of habitats with some members being economic pests. Diagnosis: Molytinae are separated from Cryptorhynchinae by having a median channel in anterior prothorax where the rostrum rests when in repose, but apex of rostrum does not rest in a terminal cup of the mesothorax. Some tribes lack this character of a median channel; then the apex of the metatibiae have one or two large uncui (hooks or barbs); the rostrum varies from long and thin to shorter and stouter; all femora not exceptionally clavate; some species with the head hooded by the apex of the pronotum. Ecology: Found in leaf litter. Status: Little known regarding biology of these weevils in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Cycloterinus ampliatus Kolbe, 1910 Cycloterinus ampliatus Kolbe 1910: 43. Champion 1914: 411 1892, Silhouette (Mon Plaisir 2000) Cycloterinus caecus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus caecus Champion 1914: 415 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1908) Cycloterinus canaliculatus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus canaliculatus Champion 1914: 412 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Morne Seychellois, Trois Freres 1908-9) Cycloterinus carinifer Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus cariniferChampion 1914: 412 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Cycloterinus erosus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus erosus Champion 1914: 414 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Mt. Anse Major 1909) Cycloterinus foveatus Kolbe, 1910 Cycloterinus foveatus Kolbe 1910: 42. Champion 1914: 411

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Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Praslin (1894) Cycloterinus humeroalatus Kolbe, 1910 Cycloterinus humerolalatus Kolbe 1910: 42. Champion 1914: 410 Mahé (all high forest areas 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Dauban, Mon Plaisir, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908, 2000) Cycloterinus microphthalmus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus microphthalmus Champion 1914: 415 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mon Plaisir, Mt. Dauban 1908, 2000) Cycloterinus sphaeropterus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus sphaeropterus Champion 1914: 414 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908, 2000) Cycloterinus unicristatus Champion, 1914 Cycloterinus unicristatus Champion 1914: 413 Mahé (all high forest areas 1908-9) Cycloterodes sechellarum Kolbe, 1910 Cycloterodes sechellarum Kolbe 1910: 44. Champion 1914: 405 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Silhouette (1908) Eucycloteres terreus Champion, 1914 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Eucycloteres terreus Champion 1914: 406 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Gonotrachelus quinquecarinatus Champion, 1914 Gonotrachelus quinquecarinatus Champion 1914: 407 Long (1908) Homalorrhynchus serripes Champion, 1914 Homalorrhynchus serripes Champion 1914: 453 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9) Homalorrhynchus rubricatus Champion, 1914 Homalorrhynchus rubricatus Champion 1914: 453 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres 1908-9) Homalorrhynchus verschaffeltiae Champion, 1914 Homalorrhynchus verschaffeltiae Champion 1914: 454 Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908) Phoenicobates alatus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates alatus Champion 1914: 433 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Mt. Sebert, Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Anse Major 19089), Long (1908), Round (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates albosetosus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates albosetosus Champion 1914: 422 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons to Mt. Dauban 1908) Phoenicobates curvipes Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates curvipes Champion 1914: 426 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 19089), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates cuspidatus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates cuspidatus Champion 1914: 431 Mahé (high forest 1908-9)

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Phoenicobates cylindricus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates cylindricus Champion 1914: 420 Mahé (high forest 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Phoenicobates depressirostris Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates depressirostris Champion 1914: 425 Mahé (Cascade 1908) Phoenicobates duplovestitus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates duplovestitus Champion 1914: 424 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 19089), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates ﬂexirostris Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates ﬂexirostris Champion 1914: 420 Mahé (high forests 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Impatiens site 1908, 2001), North (2000). Phoenicobates fortirostris Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates fortirostris Champion 1914: 423 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9) Phoenicobates foveiventris Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates foveiventris Champion 1914: 425 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 19089), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates gibbirostris Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates gibbirostris Champion 1914: 429 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates hispidulus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates hispidulus Champion 1914: 431 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates lodoiceae Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates lodoiceae Champion 1914: 432 Mahé (between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates nigrolimbatus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates nigrolimbatus Champion 1914: 421 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons 19-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates parallelus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates parallelus Champion 1914: 421 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9) Phoenicobates pandanicola Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates pandanicola Champion 1914: 433 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Trois Freres, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates peropacus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates peropacus Champion 1914: 428 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908)

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Phoenicobates praslinensis Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates praslinensis Champion 1914: 424 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates ruﬁtarsis Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates ruﬁtarsis Champion 1914: 434 Mahé (Morne Blanc 1909) Phoenicobates simplex Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates simplex Champion 1914: 427 Mahé (Cascade, above Port Glaud, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908) Phoenicobates sebertensis Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates sebertensis Champion 1914: 434 Mahé (Mt. Sebert 1909) Phoenicobates stevensoniae Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates stevensoniae Champion 1914: 430 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobates stricticollis Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates stricticollis Champion 1914: 429 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Morne Blanc 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), North (2000), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates tenuis Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates tenuis Champion 1914: 427 Mahé (high forest 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Jardin Marron 1908, 2000), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Phoenicobates vittatus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobates vittatus Champion 1914: 419 Mahé (high forests 1908-9), Silhouette (1908) Phoenicobatopsis echinatus Champion, 1914 Phoenicobaopsis echinatus Champion 1914: 435 Mahé (Mt. Anse Major, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Phoenicobatopsis septiceps Champion, 1914 Phoenicobatopsis septiceps Champion 1914: 436 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Anse Major, Cascade 1908-9) Phoenicogenus inermis Champion,1914 Phoenicogenus inermis Champion 1914: 437 Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908) Scytha aldabrana Champion, 1914 Scytha aldabrana Champion 1914: 448 Aldabra (Takamaka 1908) Sphodrias magdaloides Champion, 1914 Sphodrias magdaloides Champion 1914: 455 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Sycites pilicornis Champion, 1914 Sycites pilicornis Champion 1914: 456 Mahé (Morne Blanc 1909)

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Tanyomus palmicola Champion, 1914 Tanyomus palmicola Champion 1914: 409 Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Morne Seychellois 1908-9) Curculioninae 1

Key to Tribes of Curculioninae Eyes almost contiguous to connate dorsally; metafemur may be incrassate or not Rhamphini Eyes not contiguous dorsally; metafemur not incrassate, at least profemur strongly toothed Tychiini

Rhamphini Rhamphini is a tribe in the Curculioninae Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999), commonly called “ﬂea weevils” as the metafemur is incrassate in most species and they usually jump when disturbed. Can be distinguished from other tribes of Curculioninae by their eyes being almost holoptic or closely contiguous and the incrassate metafemur in most species. Diagnosis: Rhamphini are small weevil’s distinguished by holoptic or closely contiguous eyes; incrassate metafemur to rather slim metafemur in some genera; “metatibiae with apical comb of setae oblique and strongly ascending for distance greater than width of tibia at apex” Kissinger (1964); thorax broader at base than apex. Ecology: Found in leaf litter; larvae are known as leaf miners of living leaves in other areas of their range. Status: Importance of these beetles is not well known in Seychelles, but some species elsewhere are pests of various fruits trees. Species recorded in Seychelles: Rhynchaenus spissus Champion, 1914 Rhynchaenus spissus Champion 1914: 440 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Aldabra (2005) Tychiini Tychiini are a diverse moderately small tribe of minute to small weevils, with 2 species found in the study. They are broadly elongate-oval to short and round-oval. The stout femora are normally strongly toothed, though not incrassate. The species found in this study belongs to the subtribe Ochyromerina found primarily in Africa and Asia. Diagnosis: Minute to small weevils (1.75-3.20mm.), with 6 funicular antennomeres, and stout clavate toothed femora. The rostrum is long, slender and curved. The head is large with prominent eyes, and the species are winged. The procoxae are contiguous and exserted. The vestiture is variable, from setae to a mix of setae and scales. Ecology: One of the species collected by the IOBA was taken in a Malaise trap. Status: Little is known of the biology of this tribe in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Endaeus anthonomoides (Champion, 1914) Endaeopsis anthonomoides Champion 1914: 438 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Aldabra (2005)

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Endaeus curvimanus (Champion, 1914) Endaeopsis curvimanus Champion 1914: 438 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Moren Seycehllois, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Aldabra (2005) Endaeopsis delicatus Champion, 1914 Endaeopsis delicatus Champion 1914: 439 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Platypodinae Small subfamily of beetles commonly called “ambrosia beetles” since larvae feed on fungi deposited in galleries made by adult Platypodines. These beetles are found in many parts of world and an indication of their great age is that commonly they are found in amber. Large head wider than thorax; body cylindrical in form; elytra perpendicularly declivous at base; geniculate antennae places these beetles in the Curculionidae, although the head is not prolonged into a rostrum; elytra with various forms of processes at apex. Diagnosis: Separated from most weevils by lack of rostrum; cylindrical form; head large wider than thorax; body long and narrow with apex of elytra with various processes; tarsomere 1 longer than tarsomeres 2-4 combined. Ecology: Found in wood carried to many parts of world via water as drift wood. Status: Of no economic importance in Seychelles. Species recorded in Seychelles: Crossotarsus externedentatus (Fairmaire, 1849) Crossotarsus externedentatus Schedl 1969. Beaver 1988: 69 Mahé (Congo Rouge 1985, 1994). Palaeotropical. Polyphagous. Platypus sp. – Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2000) Platypus caliculus Chapuis, 1866 Platypus caliculus Schedl 1941 Uncertian record (Beaver 1988). Platypus hintzi Schaufuss, 1897 Platypus hintzi Beaver 1988: 69 Mahé (Victoria 1985). Asia. Polyphaous. Platypus lepidus Chapius, 1866 Platypus lepidus Sampson 1914: 382. Schedl 1969. Beaver 1988: 70 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Asia. Polyphagous, feeding only on palms in Seychelles. Platypus parallelus (Fabricius, 1801) Platypus diegensis Schedl 1941 Platypus parallelus Beaver 1988: 70 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (La Passe 1998). Pantropical. Polyphagous. Scolytinae Scolytidae, commonly are called bark beetles with many species economic pests of many species of trees. Some scolytines are termed “ambrosia beetles.” They differ from Platypodinae by their protarsomere 1 shorter than 2-4 combined, eyes emarginate, body almost sausage like and not ﬂat. The bark beetles also have no rostrum, have geniculate antennae, and are cylindrical, some with processes on the apex of the elytra, the majority with simple pubescence.

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Corthylini Distribution: Silhouette (Mon Plaisir), Fregate Diagnosis: Body short to elongate, cylindrical, head exposed or concealed dorsally by pronotum; eyes emarginate, antennae with funiculus short, of 2-5 antennomeres; protibiae with anterior tooth or not and serrated externally; some with anterior area of pronotum aspirate, and apical area of elytra with projections or smooth; femora and tibiae ﬂattened; tarsus consisting of 5 easily visible tarsomeres. Ecology: Adults oviposit in weakened trees boring into cambium layer forming notches along their tunnel depositing eggs where upon hatching larvae feed forming lateral galleries. Some, such as the Corthylini (one group of “ambrosia beetles”), chew galleries straight into trees or longs and place niches with eggs along the sides of the galleries, at the same time depositing fungus spores carried in place on their bodies, and on hatching the larvae then feed on the fungi produced. Adult beetles attack tree species of both hard and soft wood. Many trapped in Malaise traps some in leaf litter. Status: Many species are economic pests attacking stressed and weakened trees ultimately killing the trees. Species recorded in Seychelles: Coccotrypes bicolor Sampson, 1914 Coccotrypes bicolor Sampson 1914: 390. Beaver 1987: 13 Mahé (Morne Seychellois 1909, 1985). Endemic. Feeds in Northea hornei leaf stalks. Coccotrypes carpophagus (Hornung, 1842) Coccotrypes pygmaeus Sampson 1914: 389 Coccotrypes carpophagus Beaver 1987: 13 Mahé (Morne Blanc/Morne Pilot 1909). Pantropical, record uncertain (Beaver 1987). Coccotrypes cardamomi (Schaufuss, 1905) Coccotrypes cardamomiBeaver 1987: 13 Mahé (1985). Asia. Feeds on seeds (including Nephrosperma vanhouetteana). Coccotrypes cinnamomi (Eggers, 1936) Coccotrypes cinnamomiBeaver 1987: 14 Mahé (Victoria 1985). Asia, introduced. Polyphagous. Coccotrypes cyperi (Beeseon, 1929) Coccotrypes cyperi Beaver 1987: 14 Mahé (1985). Pantropical. Polyphagous, mainly in fruit. Coccotrypes dactyliperda (Fabricius, 1801) Coccotrypes dactyliperda Schedl 1977. Beaver 1987: 14 Mahé (1985). Pantropical, introduced. Breeds in palm seeds (including Nephrosperma vanhouetteana). Coccotrypes declivis Sampson, 1914 Coccotrypes declivis Sampson 1914: 390. Beaver 1987: 15 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, above Port Glaud, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 1908-9, 1985), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Also on Madagascar. Breeds in large seeds (including Verschaffeltia splendida). Coccotrypes excavatus Schedl, 1977 Coccotrypes sp.? Sampson 1914: 391 Coccotrypes excavatus Schedl 1977. Beaver 1987: 17 Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908).

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Coccotrypes furvus (Sampson, 1914) Dryocaetes furvus Sampson 1914: 389. Coccotrypes furvus Beaver 1987: 15 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Breeds in leaf stems (including Northea hornei and Dillenia ferruginea). Coccotrypes laticollis (Browne, 1980) Coccotrypes laticollis Browne 1980. Beaver 1987: 16 Mahé (1985). Breeds in palm seeds (Nephrosperma vanhouetteana) and leaf stems. Coccotrypes medius (Eggers, 1927) Coccotrypes medius Beaver 1987: 16 Mahé (1985). Asia. Polyphagous. Coccotrypes parvus Sampson, 1914 Coccotrypes parvus Sampson 1914: 391. Beaver 1987: 17 Mahé (Morne Blanc/Morne Pilot 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Coccotrypes variabilis (Beeson, 1939) Coccotrypes variabilis Beaver 1987: 16 Mahé (1985). Asia. Polyphagous. Cryphalus discretus Eichhoff, 1871 Cryphalus discretus Beaver 1987: 17 Mahé (1985). Asia. Breeds in Calophyllum inophyllum. Cryphalus pallidus Eichhoff, 1871 Cryphalus pallidus Sampson 1914: 382. Beaver 1987: 17 Mahé (Cascade 1909), Long (1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Africa and Madagascar. Cryphalus trypanus Sampson, 1914 Cryphalus trypanus Sampson 1914: 383. Beaver 1987: 17 Mahé (all high forest areas 1985), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Marianne (1908). Breeds in Northea seychellana. Reported to breed in Calophyllum inophyllum and to transfer the pathogenic fungus Leptographium calophylli (Wainhouse et al. 1998) but this may be a confusion with C. discretus. Eccoptopterus spinosus (Olivier, 1795) Eccoptopterus sexspinosus Sampson 1914: 389 Eccoptopterus spinosus Beaver 1988: 63 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Palaeotropical. Polyphagous. Hypothenemus birmanus Eichhoff, 1879 Hypothenemus validus var. valens Sampson 1914: 385 Hypothenemus birmanus Beaver 1987: 18 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Pantropical, introduced. Polyphagous. Hypothenemus eruditus Westwood, 1836 Hypothenemus eruditus Sampson 1914: 385. Beaver 1987: 19 Mahé (Cascade 1909, 1985), Long (1908), Silhouette (Pt. Etienne 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Pantropical. Polyphagous. Hypothenemus javanus (Eggers, 1908) Hypothenemus javanus Beaver 1987: 19 Mahé (1985). Pantropical. Polyphagous. Hypothenemus seriatus (Eichhoff, 1872) Stephanoderes vulgaris Schaufuss 1897: 209. Kolbe 1910: 40. Sampson 1914: 384 Stephanoderes communis Sampson 1914: 384

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Hypothenemus seriatus Beaver 1987: 19 Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909, 1985), Long (1908), La Digue (1892). Pantropical, introduced. Polyphagous. Scolytogenes confragosus (Sampson, 1914) Cryphalomorphus confragosus Sampson 1914: 386 Scolytogenes confragosus Beaver 1987: 13 Mahé (Cascade 1909). Scolytogenes crenatus (Sampson, 1914) Cryphalomorphus crenatus Sampson 1914: 385 Scolytogenes crenatus Beaver 1987: 13 Mahé (between Trois Freres and Morne Seychellois 1908). Xyleborinus andrewesi (Blandford, 1896) Xyleborinus andrewesi Sampson 1914: 387. Beaver 1988: 63 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Asia, introduced to Africa. Polyphagous. Xyleborus afﬁnis Eichoff, 1868 Xyleborus afﬁnis Kolbe 1910: 41. Beaver 1988: 65 Xyleborus mascarensis Schedl 1969 Mahé (Victoria 1894, 1985). Pantropical: widely introduced. Polyphagous Xyleborus africanus Eggers, 1927 Xyleborus africanus Schedl 1969. Beaver 1988: 65 Record doubtful (Beaver 1988). Polyphagous. Xyleborus bicolor Blandford, 1894 Xyleborus bicolor Beaver 1988: 65 Mahé (1985). Asia. Feeds in Northea hornei in Seychelles (Beaver 1988). Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius, 1801) Bostrichus ferrugineus Bohemann 1858: 88 Xyleborus confusus Schaufuss 1897. Kolbe 1910: 41. Sampson 1914: 387 Xyleborus ferrugineus Beaver 1988: 65 Mahé (above Cascade 1909, widespread and abundant in 1985), Long (1908), Silhouette (high forests 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Pantropical, probably introduced. Polyphagous. Xyleborus oblongus Schedl, 1950 Xyleborus oblongus Schedl 1950. Beaver 1988: 66 La Digue. Endemic. Xyleborus perforans (Wollaston, 1857) Xyleborus kraatzi Schaufuss 1897. Kolbe 1910: 40 Xyleborus perforans Sampson 1914: 387. Beaver 1988: 66 Mahé (widespread and abundant in 1892, 1908-9, 1985), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (all areas 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), La Digue (1892). Pantropical. Polyphagous. Xyleborus madagascariensis Schaufuss, 1891 Xyleborus madagascariensis Sampson 1914: 386 Xyleborus piceus Beaver 1988: 66 Mahé (1985), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Madagascar. Polyphagous. Xyleborus similis Ferrari, 1867 Xyleborus bucco Schaufuss 1897: 212. Kolbe 1910: 41. Sampson 1914: 388 Xyleborus dilatus Schaufuss 1897: 212. Kolbe 1910: 41. Sampson 1914: 387

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Xyleborus similis Beaver 1988: 66 Mahé (Victoria 1892, 1985), La Digue (1892). Palaeotropical. Polyphagous. Xyleborus volvulus (Fabricius, 1775) Xyleborus badius Schaufuss 1897 ?Xyleborus badius Kolbe 1910: 40 Xyleborus torquatus Sampson 1914: 387. Schedl 1969, 1977 Xyleborus vovulus Beaver 1988: 67 Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), La Digue (1892). Palaotropical, introduced. Polyphagous. Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866) Xyleborus semigranosus Sampson 1914: 386 Xylosandrinus crassiusculus Beaver 1988: 68 Mahé (Cascade 1909, widespread and abundant in 1985), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Asia, introduced. Polyphagous. Xylosandrus compactus (Eichoff, 1875) Xyleborus morstatti Brown 1954 Xylosandrus compactus Beaver 1988: 63 Mahé (1953, 1985). Asia, introduced. Polyphagous. Xylosandrus mancus (Blandford, 1898) Xyleborus abruptus Sampson 1914: 388 Apoxyleborus mancus Beaver 1988: 63 Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9, 1985). Asia, introduced to Africa and Western Indian Ocean. Polyphagous. Xylosandrus morigerus (Blandford, 1894) Xylosandrus morigerus Beaver 1988: 68 Mahé (1985). Asia, introduced. Polyphagous. References Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A. & Lyal, C.H.C. 1999. A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae) Entomopraxis, Barcelona. 315 pp. Blatchley W.S. & Leng, C.W. 1916. Rhynchophora or Weevils of North Eastern America. The Nature Publishing Company, Indianapolis. 682 pp. Browne, F.G. 1980 Some new species of Scolytidae and Platypodidae from Africa and the Seychelles Islands (Coleoptera): Rev. Zool. Afr. 94(4): 773-779. Champion, G. C. 1914. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 16(4): 393-497 + pl.22-24. Fairmaire L. 1893. Communications, Seance du 13 decembre 1893. Bull. Ent. Soc. Fr. 1893 Fairmaire, L.M.H. 1898. Matériaux pour la faune coléoptèrique de la région Malgache (5e note). Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 42 Jordan, K. 1914. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. Vol. 5. XIII. Coleoptera: Anthribidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 16(3):247-267 + pl. 15. Kissinger, D.G. 1964. Curculionidae of America North of Mexico. A key to the Genera. Taxonomic Publications. South Lancaster, Massachusetts. vi + 238 pp. Sforzi, A. & Bartolozzi, L. (eds.). 2004. Brentidae of the world (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Mono. Reg. Sci. Natur. Torino 39: 1-976

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Valentine, B.D. 1989 The Anthribidae of the Seychelles and Mascarene Islands: taxonomy, keys, and a bibliographic catalogue (Coleoptera). Insecta Mundi 3(3): 233-246. Zimmerman, E.C. 1968. The genus Microplatymerus of the Seychelles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cossoninae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 70: 27-32

Other Cucujiformia J. Gerlach Family BOTHRIDERIDAE Bothriderids are elongate beetles, resembling Colydiidae. The Bothriderinae are predators of wood-boring insect pupae (especially Buperstidae, Bostrichidae, Anobiidae, Cerambycidae and Curculionidae). One species has been recorded in Seychelles. Bothrideres fryeri Grouvelle, 1918 Bothrideres fryeri Grouvelle 1918: 28 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Takamaka 1908). Description: Elongate; legs relatively long, spiny; prothorax wider at front, elytra ridged; 4mm; shiny; brown; eyes distinct References Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family LYMEXYLONIDAE The Lymexylidae are a small family of 60 species of wood-boring beetles. The larvae feed on ascomycete fungi which are cultivated on tunnel walls and may cause vascular wilts of host plants. Females have specialised pouches on the ovipositor which are used to transport fungal spores to egg-laying sites. There is a single species in Seychelles which has been an economic pest of coconut plantations (Gahan 1908; Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940; Brown 1954). Protomelittomma insulare (Fairmaire, 1893) Melittoma insulare Fairmaire 1893. Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940: 383 Protomelittomma insulare Wheeler 1986: 167 Melittomma curtipenne Pic, 1939 syn. Wheeler 1986: 177 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (1936), Silhouette (La Passe 1936, 1998), Praslin (1936). Breeds in coconuts (especially cultivated varieties) and wild occasionally in endemic palms and (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940c; Brown 1954). Description: Elongate: ﬁve times longer than wide. Head rounded, eyes large; thorax quadrangular, longer than wide, coarsely punctured; elytra ﬁnely pubescent. Dark brown. Length 6-20mm. References: Brown, E.S. 1954. The biology of the coconut pest Melittomma insulare (Col., Lymexylonidae), and its control in the Seychelles. Bull. Entomol. Res. 45(1): 1-66

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Fairmaire L. 1893. Communications, Seance du 13 decembre 1893. Bull. Ent. Soc. Fr. 1893; 323-324. Gahan, C.J. 1908. On the Larvae of Trictenotoma childreni, Gray, Melittoma insulare, Fairmaire and Dascillus cervinus, Linn. Trans. entom. Soc. Lond. 1908: 275-282 Vesey-Fitzgerald, D. 1940. Melittomma insulare Fairm. (Col., Lymexylonidae), a serious pest of coconut in the Seychelles. Bull. Entomol. Res. 31: 383-402 Wheeler, Q.D. 1986. Revision of the genera of Lymexylidae (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 183(2): 113-210 Family TROGOSSITIDAE (=Ostomidae) The trogossitids are a morphologically diverse group; the two Seychelles species are both elongate forms. Most species are predators, although some species are mycophagous and a few are pests of stored produce, feeding on grain. Of the Seychelles species one is endemic and one probably introduced. Key: 1.

7.5mm, very elongate (six times as long as wide), greenish bronze Alindra costulata 1mm, moderately elongate (three times as long as wide), bronze Lophocateres pusillus

Alindra costulata Grouvelle, 1918 Alindra costulata Grouvelle 1918: 3 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Esprit 1908) Description: Parallel sided, length 6 times width; convex; shiny with rows of punctures on elytra. Greenish bronze; antennae and feet reddish. Length 7.5mm Lophocateres pusillus (Klug, 1832) Lophocateres pusillus Grouvelle 1918: 4 Distribution: Cosmopolitan (introduced) – Silhouette (1908). A widespread pest of stored produce (‘Siamese grain beetle’). Description. – Parallel sided, length 3 times width; convex, shiny with rows of punctures on elytra. Uniformly bronzy. Length 0.5-1.0mm References Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family CLERIDAE Cleridae are elongate, parallel-sided beetles, usually hairy and often brightly coloured (metallic or red or yellow). They are mostly predators, the larvae feeding in wood or under bark and the adults diurnal predators on vegetation, Of the 8 species recorded in Seychelles 5 may be endemic, one is restricted to the Western Indian Ocean and two are cosmopolitan. The latter may be introduced.

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Key: 1. Flattened Platyclerus planatus 2. Not distinctly ﬂattened 2. Elongate (at least twice as long as wide), at least 3mm long 3. 6. Rounded (less than twice as long as wide); less than 3mm long 3. Thorax constricted, red, black, white 4. Thorax not constricted, red and blue Necrobia ruﬁpes 4. Legs hairy, body longer than 5mm Pallenis laterisignatus 5. Legs not hairy, body less than 5mm 5. Elytra twice as long as head and thorax Steocylidrus dimidiatus Stenocylidrus glaber Elytra 1.5 times as long as head and thorax 6. Uniform black Anthriboclerus scotti Black with yellow hairs Allochotes praslinensis Tarsostenus univittatus Black with 4 orange spots on elytra Allochotes praslinensis Champion, 1924 Allochotes praslinensis Champion 1924: 305 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (1908), Silhouette (La Passe 2006). Description: Oval, shiny black with yellow pubescence, brown on head and thorax. Length 3.3mm, width 2.3mm Anthriboclerus scotti Schenkling, 1921 Anthriboclerus scotti Schenkling 1922: 328 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (La Passe, Mare aux Cochons and above 1908, 2006). Description: Oval. Black, shiny with long sparse pubescence; elytra dark brown with yellowish medial area. Length 2.0-2.5mm. Necrobia ruﬁpes (De Geer, 1775) “copra beetle” Necrobia ruﬁpes Kolbe 1910: 24. Schenkling 1922: 329 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (1894), Silhouette (La Passe 1998), Coetivy (1905), Remire (1905), Providence (Cerf 1905), Astove (1907), Cosmoledo (1907), Aldabra (1907). Description: Elongately oval, antennae clubbed. Dark metallic bluish-green with red-brown or orange legs. Thorax and elytra with erect pubescence. Length 3.5-6.0mm Adults feed on dried ﬁsh; larvae burrows into the ﬁsh feeding on, ﬂy larvae and Dermestid beetle larvae. May also feed directly on copra. Pallenis laterisignatus Schenkling, 1922 Pallenis laterisignatus Schenkling 1922: 326 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Slender. Black; palps reddish; pronotum with a pale shiny posterior band; elytra with grey pubescence with white medial band; legs reddish. Length 5.5-6.0mm. Platyclerus planatus Spinola, 1841 Platyclerus planatus Schenkling 1922: 328 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1908-9).

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Steocylidrus dimidiatus Schenkling, 1922 Steocylidrus dimidiatus Schenkling 1922: 326 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Slender. Black, shiny; elytra with yellowish margins; elytra with white medial band and ﬁne white pubescence. Length 3.5-4.0mm. Stenocylidrus glaber Schenkling, 1922 Stenocylidrus glaber Schenkling 1922: 327 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc 1908). A specimen collected in 2003, probably on Silhouette. Description: Slender. Brown, shiny; prothorax black; elytra shiny with white medial band. Length 3.5-4.0mm. Tarsostenus univittatus (Rossi, 1792) Tarsostenus univittatus Schenkling 1922: 329 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Anonyme (1909). A predator of Bostrichidae. Description: Slender. Black with white mark on elytra. References Champion, G.C. 1924: Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Schenkling, S. 1922 Coleoptera: Cleridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 325-329 Family MELYRIDAE Melyrids are elongate, soft-bodied beetles. Many species are brightly coloured although the Seychelles species are black, brown or bluish green. Adults are mostly pollen feeders, some may be predators. Larvae are predators or carrion feeders. Two species of Melyridae have been recorded in Seychelles, in addition Kolbe (1910: 24) listed a possible species of Melyris. The subgenus Malachiinae is sometimes regarded as a full family (including Laius, Pelochrus and Pachyebaeus in the Seychelles fauna). Laius sericatus Champion, 1924 Laius sericatus Champion 1924: 301 Distribution: Endemic – Felicite (1908) Description: Shiny bluish green with ﬁne greyish pubescence. Length 4mm, width 1.8mm. Malthacodes cioides (Champion, 1924) Xamerpus (?) cioides Champion 1924: 302 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade 19089), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Abundant in 1908-9. Description: Shiny black with greyish pubescence. An elongate brown mark may be present over most of elytra, in addition the prothorax may be brown or reddish brown. Length 1.82.5mm.

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Pelochrus takamakaensis Wittmer, 1991 Pelochrus takamakaensis Wittmer 1991: 217 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra. Pachyebaeus aldabraensis Wittmer, 1991 Pachyebaeus aldabraensis Wittmer 1991:218 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra. Description: Pale brown with light pubescence. Length 2mm. References Champion, G.C. 1924 Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Wittmer, W. 1991 Some Malachiidae from Madagascar, Mauritius and Aldabra, Coleoptera. Nouv. Rev. Entomol. 8: 217-221 Family NITIDULIDAE Ovate or elongate beetles with a distinct antennal club. Larvae oblong or elongate, often tuberculate. The subfamily Cybocephalinae is sometimes regarded as a distinct family. Key: 1. Very elongate, elytra short 6 Round or suboblong 2 2. Brown or black 3 Yellowish or reddish 11. Pria 3. Less than 1mm, black Cybocephalinae – Cybocephalus spp. 4 More than 1mm, brown 4. Smooth, brown hairs 5 Ridged, yellow hairs Stelidota explanata 5. Suboblong, shiny, brownish with lighter limbs and antennae 12. Carpophilinae 18. Nitidulinae Oblong, slightly shiny, limbs and antennae reddish 6. Elytra coarsely ridged; prothorax tapered anteriorly 13. Brachypeplus 7. Cillaeus Elytra ﬁnely ridged; prothorax not tapered 7. Smooth 8 Pubescent 9 8. Broad, elytra, slightly longer than wide Cillaeus subplagiatus Elongate, elytra twice as long as wide Cillaeus micros 9. Fine, widely separated striae on elytra Cillaeus opaculus 10 Striae very strong 10. Long pubescence, base of elytra reddish Cillaeus megacephalus Pubescence short, elytra not distinctly coloured Cillaeus confusus 11. Reddish brown with black antennae Pria scotti Head and appendages red, thorax brown, elytra yellowish with black marks Pria nitidior 12. Oval 14. Urophorus 15. Carpophilus Elongately oval

162 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

18. 19.

20. 21.

22.

Reddish brown, elytra paler in centre Brachypeplus notatus Blackish with brown elytra Brachypeplus aequalis Humeral red mark on elytra, punctured Urophorus humeralis No humeral red mark, smooth Urophorus foveicollis Black with brown markings 16. Carpophilus (Myothorax) 17. Carpophilus (Carpophilus) Brown, some with paler markings Shiny black, anterior and medial elytral edges brown; 3mm Carpophilus dimidiatus Carpophilus angustatus Finely pubescent; uniform light reddish brown; 2.5mm. 1mm, shiny, brown with paler antennae and legs Carpophilus scotti 2mm, shiny, uniform brown Carpophilus fusciceps 4mm, thorax punctured, elytra yellow Carpophilus hemipterus Ochre to reddish brown, with paler markings 19. Lasiodactylus 20. Haptoncus Brown with darker markings or uniform Elytra ochre, mottled reddish brown along suture and 3 transverse lines, thorax reddish Lasiodactylus pictus brown; 5mm Ochre; elytra with indistinct darker transverse lines; thorax dark; 6.5mm. Lasiodactylus breviusculus Uniformly brown; 1-1.5mm 21 Brown with dark markings; 1.5-2mm 22 Fine yellowish pubescence, reddish underside; 1.2-1.4mm Haptoncus obscurus Haptoncus luteolus Sparse brown pubescence, brown underside; 1.5mm Haptoncus minutus Sparse pubescence, shiny; 1mm Brown with black mark on elytra; 1.5mm Haptoncus ocularis Ochre; back of head dark; elytra blackish brown with subhumeral ochre band and Haptoncus sobrinus central spot; 2mm

CARPOPHILINAE Carpophilus and Urophorus are found in rotten fruit or store dried fruit, Brachypeplus feed on plant sap Brachypeplus aequalis (Walker, 1858) Brachypeplus aequalis Grouvelle 1913: 97 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (above Port Glaud, near Morne Blanc, Cascade, Baie Lazare, Victoria, Le Niol 1892, 1908-9, 1991), Silhouette (coastal, La Passe, high forest near Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908, 1998), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908), Marianne (1908). In rotten fruit. From sea level to 500m Description: Blackish with brown elytra. Length 2.5mm Brachypeplus notatus Murray, 1864 Brachypeplus patruelis Alluaud 1900: 114 Brachypeplus notatus Grouvelle 1913: 97 Distribution: Asia & Australia – Mahé (Baie Lazare, Cascade estate, Roche Caiman 1905-8, 1994), Silhouette (La Passe, Jardin Marron 1908, 1998, 2000-4), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908), La Digue (1892), Marianne (1908). From sea level to 300m (Cascade, Mahé). From decaying fruit. Description: Elongate. Shiny. Dark reddish brown, elytra paler in centre. Length 4mm.

163

Carpophilus (Myothorax) angustatus Murray, 1864 Carpophilus angustatus Alluaud 1900: 115 Carpophilus (Myothorax) angustatus Grouvelle 1913: 105 Distribution: Africa, Madagascar, Comoros – Silhouette (La Passe 1905, 1908, 1998), Farquhar (1905) Description: Oblong. Finely pubescent. Uniform light reddish brown. Length 2.5mm. Carpophilus (Myothorax) dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1792) Carpophilus biguttatus Alluaud 1900: 115 Carpophilus (Myothorax) dimidiatus Grouvelle 1913: 104

Cybocephalus

Pria

Cililaeus

Brachypelpus

Myothorax Urophorus Carpophilus

Stelidota Lasiodactylus

Haptoncus

1mm

Fig. 1 Seychelles genera of Nitidulidae

164

Carpophilus (Myothorax) dimidiatus var. contingens Grouvelle 1913: 105 Carpophilus (Myothroax) dimidiatus var. ochropterus Grouvelle 1913: 105 Description: Oblong; shiny. Black with anterior and medial edges of elytra brown. Length 3mm. Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Cascade estate 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908), Marianne (1908), Felicite (var. contingens – 1892, 1908) Farquhar (1905), Providence (Cerf 1905). From sea level to 400m, some specimens from rotting Pandanus seychellarum fruit Carpophilus (Carpophilus) fusciceps Grouvelle, 1913 Carpophilus (Carpophilus) fusciceps Grouvelle 1913: 102 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Description: Shiny with yellowish pubescence, dense at edges masking the brown colour. Length 1.8mm Carpophilus (Carpophilus) hemipterus (Linnaeus, 1767) Carpophilus hemipterus Alluaud 1900: 115 Carpophilus (Carpophilus) hemipterus Grouvelle 1913: 102 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Africa, Asia – Mahé (Cascade estate 1908), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Coetivy (1905), Providence (Cerf ) (1905), Farquhar (1905). Recorded from sea level to 550m (above Mare aux Cochons, Silhouette). Description: Thorax punctured. Brown, elytra yellow with large brown spot. Length 4mm Carpophilus (Carpophilus) scotti Grouvelle, 1913 Carpophilus (Carpophilus) scotti Grouvelle 1913: 103 Description: Oval; shiny with yellowish pubescence. Brown head and thorax, elytra darker. Length 1.2mm. Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Jardin Marron 1908, 2000) Urophorus (Anophorus) humeralis (Fabricius, 1798) Carpophilus humeralis Alluaud 1900: 115 Carpophilus (Urophrous) humeralis Grouvelle 1913: 101 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Long (1908), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908), Felicite (1908), Providence (Cerf ) (1905), Farquhar (1905). Recorded from sea level to 300m (Cascade, Mahé). Description: Elongately oval; dark brown with pale reddish mark on humeral area of elytra. Length 2-3mm. Urophorus (Anophorus) foveicollis (Murray, 1864) Carpophilus foveicollis Alluaud 1900: 115 Carpophilus (Urophorus) humeralis var. foveicollis Grouvelle 1913: 102 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1892, 1905, 1908-9), Poivre (1905). One specimen collected from rotting Pandanus seychellarum fruit (Grouvelle 1913). Recorded from sea level to 350m (Cascade, Mahé). Description: U. foveicollis differs from U .humeralis in the lack of the humeral red mark and smoother surface.

165

CILLAEINAE Cillaeus confusus Grouvelle, 1913 Cillaeus confusus Grouvelle 1913: 100 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Cascade 1908). Recorded from 250m above sea level. Description: Short golden pubescence, brown, antennae and feet red, abdomen edges pale. Length 3.5mm Cillaeus megacephalus Castelnau, 1835 Cillaeus megacephalus Alluaud 1900: 114, Grouvelle 1913: 101 Distribution: Madagascar – Long, Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Description: Fawn with central blackish line from 1/3 to tip of each elytron, tip of abdomen blackish. Length 3.5mm Cillaeus micros Grouvelle, 1913 Cillaeus micros Grouvelle 1913: 99 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above, Jardin Marron 1908, 2004). Collected from leaf-bases of Pandanus hornei and axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum. Description: Very elongate elytra. Glabrous, reddish brown, abdominal edges brown. Length 3.2mm Cillaeus opaculus Grouvelle, 1913 Cillaeus opaculus Grouvelle 1913: 98 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Description: Elytra ﬁnely striate. Blackish with yellow pubescence. Length 3.5-4.2mm Cillaeus subplagiatus Grouvelle, 1913 Cillaeus subplagiatus Grouvelle 1913: 100 Distribution: Endemic – Mahe (Morne Blanc, Mt. Pilot 1905-9), Poivre (1905). Recorded from sea level to 650m (Morne Pilot, Mahé). Description: Elytra short, glabrous. Black. Length 6mm CYBOCEPHALINAE Scale insect predators. Minute, clambid-like beetles. 7 endemic species of Cybocephalus have been described from Seychelles (Grouvelle 1913; Endrödy-Younga 1964) but it is probable that more species are present as these are very small (0.1-1.1mm) easily overlooked species and are probably signiﬁcantly under-collected. Most species have been recorded from coastal and high forest areas on several islands: Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Victoria, Anse aux Pins, Morne Pilot, Mt. Sebert, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Planeau 1908-8), Round (1908), Long (1908), Anonyme (1909)., Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, Pt. Etienne, Mare aux Cochons, Jardin Marron, La Passe 1908, 2005-6), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908, 202), Marianne (1908) and Poivre (1905). Cybocephalus brevis Grouvelle, 1913 Cybocephalus minimus Grouvelle, 1913 Cybocephalus minutus Grouvelle, 1913 Cybocephalus subpallipes Grouvelle, 1913 Cybocephalus tantillus Grouvelle, 1913 Cybocephalus mahensis Endrody-Yonga, 1964 Cybocephalus seychellensis Endrody-Yonga, 1964

166

NITIDULINAE Haptoncus luteolus (Erichson, 1843) Haptoncus luteolus Alluaud 1900: 116, Grouvelle 1913: 106 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Cascade 1892, 1908-9), Silhouette (coast, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908), Marianne (1908). From sea level to 350m. Description: Brown, with ﬁne pubescence. 1.1mm Haptoncus minutus (Reitter, 1873) Haptoncus minutus Grouvelle 1913: 107 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (Cascade estate 250-350m 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 350m 1908). Recorded from 250-350m in axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum. Description: Brown, sparse pubescence. 1mm Haptoncus obscurus Grouvelle, 1913 Haptoncus obscurus Grouvelle 1913: 107 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahe (Cascade estate, coastal Anse aux Pins/Anse Royale, Morne Blanc, Victoria 1908-9), Long (1909). Some collected from leaf bases of Phoenicophorium borsigianum (Grouvelle 1913). Recorded from sea level to 350m (Cascade, Mahé). Description: Moderately shiny, ﬁne yellowish pubescence. Brown, reddish underneath. Length 1.2-1.4mm Haptoncus ocularis (Fairmaire, 1849) Haptoncus decoratus Alluaud 1900: 116 Haptoncus ocularis Grouvelle 1913: 105 Distribution: Palaeotropics – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mt. Pilot, Cascade, Baie Lazare 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1892, 1908), La Digue (1892). The commonest nitidulid species, represented by some 350 specimens in the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition collection. Recorded from sea level to 650m (Morne Pilot, Mahé), in fruit of Pandanus seychellarum, oranges and jak fruit (Grouvelle 1913). Description: Shiny. Dark fawn with black mark on elytra. 0.5mm. Grouvelle (1913) considered H. decoratus to be a Malagasy form of the widespread H. ocularis, distinguished by its wider prothorax, stronger punctuation, more truncated elytra and darker colour. Haptoncus sobrinus Grouvelle, 1894 Haptoncus sobrinus Alluaud 1900: 116, Grouvelle 1913: 107 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Mahé (1892), Silhouette (Anse Patates 1999) Description: Suboval. Ochre; back of head dark brown; elytra dark blackish brown with subhumeral ochre band and central spot on each elytron. Length 2mm. Lasiodactylus breviusculus Fairmaire, 1899 Lasiodactylus breviusculus Grouvelle 1913: 120 Distribution: Madagascar & Mascarenes – Mahé (Cascade, Baie Lazare 1905, 1907-9), Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2005). Description: Oblong, slightly longer than wide. Not shiny. Ochre; elytra with indistinct darker transverse lines; thorax dark. Length 6.5mm.

167

Lasiodactylus pictus (MacLeay, 1825) Lordites costulatus Alluaud 1900: 120 Lasiodactylus pictus Grouvelle 1913: 119 Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahe (Morne Blanc, Victoria 1892, 1908) Description: Oblong, slightly longer than wide. Not shiny. Reddish brown; elytra ochre with mottled reddish brown line along suture and 3 transverse lines, markings may not be distinct. Length 5mm. From rotting mangoes (Grouvelle 1913) MELIGENTHINAE Pria nitidior Grouvelle, 1913 Pria nitidior Grouvelle 1913: 96 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (1908). Known only from the holotype. Description: Shiny brown with a bronze tint, ﬁne yellowish pubescence. Elytra yellowish with a brown triangular scutellar mark. Length 1.5mm Pria scotti Grouvelle, 1913 Pria scotti Grouvelle 1913: 95 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, 1000 feet at Cascade 1908-9, 1998). Recorded from 200-350m. Description: Shiny; backish brown with reddish brown pubescence. Length 1.5-1.8mm Stelidota explanata Grouvelle, 1913 Stelidota explanata Grouvelle 1913: 108 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1909), Silhouette (1908), Cousine (1998). Stelidota species are found in leaf litter. Description: Shiny, elytra ridged. Brown with yellow pubescence. Length 2.5-3.5mm References Alluaud, C. 1900 Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V-VIII, 509 pp. Endrödy-Younga S. 1964 Die Cybocephalus-Arten von den Maskarenen und Seychelles (Col. Cybocephalidae). Acta zool. hung. 10: 61-84. Grouvelle, A. 1913 Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Heteroceridae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 16: 93-116 Family MONOTOMIDAE (= Rhizophagidae) Two species of this family are recorded as resident in Seychelles: Monotoma madagascariensis Grouvelle, 1906 and Shoguna polita Arrow, 1900. In addition four predatory species were introduced, apparently unsuccessfully: Rhizophagus dispar (Paykull, 1800), Rhizophagus ferrugineus (Paykull, 1800), Rhizophagus depressus (Fabricius, 1792) and Rhizophagus bipustulatus (Fabricius, 1792) (Greathead 1971).

168

Key: 1.

Head narrow behind eyes Head not narrowed, body elongate

Monotoma madagascariensis Shoguna polita

Monotoma madagascariensis Grouvelle, 1906 Monotoma madagascariensis Grouvelle 1918: 5 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (above Port Glaud 1908), Silhouette (La Passe 2006). Recorded from sea level to 300m. Description. – Dark brown, with chestnut edges to thorax, elytra chestnut, punctured in rows, elytral hind marking dark. Length 3-6mm. Shoguna polita Arrow, 1900 Shoguna polita Grouvelle 1918: 5 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Recorded from 250m. Many Shoguna species live in tunnels of ambrosia beetles (Scolytidae). Description – Glabrous, subcylindrical, head and thorax narrow. Length 4mm References Greathead, D.J. 1971 Review of biological control in the Ethiopian region. Commonw. Insti. Biol. Control Misc. Publ. 5. Commonwealth Institute, London Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family SILVANIDAE Silvanids are elongate, often ﬂattened and pubescent beetles. They inhabit leaf litter and bark, feeding on detritus and fungi. Some species are pests of stored produce. Identiﬁcations of recent material were provided by M.C. Thomas. Key: 1. Eyes not large; loose antennal club; carina on pronotum and elytra; up to 5 times as long as wide Silvaninae 4 Large eyes; no antennal club; elytra with deep punctures, no carina; less than 4 times as long as wide Brontinae 2 2. 3 times as long as wide Cryptomorpha desjardinsi 2-2.5 times as long as wide Psammoecus 3 3. Elytra pale (reddish or yellowish, Oblong (length > 2.5 x width), dark transverse band across middle of elytra Psammoecus laetulus Elytra dark brown with pale areas, Ovate (length < 2.5 x width), band posterior to middle Psammoecus nitescens Elytra pale (reddish or yellowish Psammoecus simoni 4. Small pubescent beetles, length = 2 x width Ahasverus advena 5 Not pubescent, length > 2 x width 5. Antennae short; elytra with pale bands or patches Monanus 8 Antennae not short; unicolorous 6 6. Prothorax with serrated margin, not carinate; elytra dark brown to black Oryzaephilus surinamensis

169

7. 8.

Prothorax with acute antero-lateral margins extending behind eyes, with 2-4 carinae; 7 reddish-brown Prothorax widest at middle, 3rd tarsomere not lobed Silvanus inarmatus Silvanoprus scuticollis Prothorax narrower posteriorly, 3rd tarsomere lobed Elytra dark brown with pale bands, Monanus concinnulus Elytra dark with pale areas. Monanus denticulatus Elytra dark with pale areas, parallel, punctured, short antennae, shiny, yellow hairs, 2 transverse ochre bands on elytra, black Monanus (Monanops) ornatus

Silvaninae Ahasverus advena (Waltl, 1832) Ahasuerus advena Grouvelle 1914: 145 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Monanus concinnulus (Walker, 1858) Monanus concinnulus Grouvelle 1914: 146 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), St. Anne (12. xii.2001), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Monanus denticulatus Grouvelle, 1914 Monanus denticulatus Grouvelle 1914: 145 Distribution: Asia – Long (1908). Monanus (Monanops) ornatus Grouvelle, 1914 Monanus (Monanops) ornatus Grouvelle 1914: 146 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Oryzaephilus surinamensis Grouvelle 1914: 144 Distribution: Introduced – Mahé (Victoria 1908), Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Aride (1997). Silvanus inarmatus (Wollaston, 1867) Silvanus hebetatus Grouvelle 1914: 145 Silvanus inarmatus Halstead 1973: 59 Distribution: Africa – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Silvanoprus scuticollis (Walker, 1859) Silvanus scuticollis Grouvelle 1914: 145 Distribution: Asia – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Brontinae Cryptamorpha desjardinsi (Guérin, 1838) Cryptamorpha desjardinsi Grouvelle 1914: 150 Distribution: Introduced Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Port Glaud, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9). Pasammoecus laetulus Grouvelle, 1914 Pasammoecus laetulus Grouvelle 1914: 148 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908).

170

Psammoecus nitescens Grouvelle, 1914 Psammoecus nitescens Grouvelle 1914: 149 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). Psammoecus simoni Grouvelle, 1892 Psammoecus simoni Grouvelle 1914: 147 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). References Grouvelle, A. 1914 Coleoptera: Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 17: 141-159 Halstead, D.G.H. 1973. A revision of the genus Silvanus Latreille (s.l.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). British Museum (Natural History), London.

Family LAEMOPHLOEIDAE The Laemophloeidae are elongate, ﬂattened beetles. Their heads are distinctly prognathous with prominent mandibles. They are mycophagous or feed on stored produce. Identiﬁcation of recent material was provided by M.C. Thomas. Key 1. Slender, 3-4 times as long as wide; unicolorous Less slender, 2.5 times as long as wide; elytra paler than prothorax 2.

2.

Laemophloeus proprior Prothorax widest at front; elytra ridged Cryptolestes pusilloides Prothorax anterior and posterior width equal; elytra not ridged Placonotus politissimus

Cryptolestes pusilloides Steel & Howe, 1952 Distribution: Africa, Australia – Silhouette (Grande Barbe vi.2001). A widely introduced pest of stored produce. Placonotus politissimus (Wollaston, 1867) Laemophloeus (Silvanophloeus) mirus Grouvelle 1914: 143 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Cascade 1909) Laemophloeus (sensu lato) proprior Grouvelle, 1914 Laemophloeus (Silavanophloeus) proprior Grouvelle 1914: 143 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Mt Pot a Eau 1908). Many collected from Verschaffeltia splendida palm axils. References Grouvelle, A. 1914 Coleoptera: Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 17: 141-159

171

Family SALPINGIDAE Salpingids are elongate, ﬂattened beetles. Adults are found on vegetation, larvae are usually under bark or in wood, feeding on bark and phloem. Some species may be predatory and mycophagous. Key 1. Elytra black or brown; truncated, 2-3 abdominal segments exposed Inopeplus mimetes 2 Elytra reddish brown or yellow; elytra not truncated 2. Brown, 4-5mm Prostominia scotti Prostominia convexiuscula Black, 3-3.5mm Inopeplus mimetes Grouvelle, 1914 Inopeplus mimetes Grouvelle 1914: 151 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Prostominia convexiuscula Grouvelle, 1914 Prostominia convexiuscula Grouvelle 1914: 153 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, above Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Larvae were described by Grouvelle (1913) based on material collected from Dillenia ferruginea by H. Scott. Prostominia scotti Grouvelle, 1914 Prostominia scotti Grouvelle 1914: 152 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908) References Grouvelle, A. 1914 Coleoptera: Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 17: 141-159 Family PROPALTICIDAE Propalticidae are small, oval and very ﬂattened beetles with distinctly large heads and eyes. They occur under bark. One species has been recorded from Seychelles. Propalticus sechellarum Scott, 1922 Propalticus sechellarum Scott 1922: 255 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Front legs elongate, spur on tibia. Elytra with a large yellow spot, scutellum yellow. Length 1.4mm. References Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260

172

Family CRYPTOPHAGIDAE Cryptophagids are elongate, ﬂattened beetles found under bark and in detritus, feeding mainly on fungi. Three species have been recorded from Seychelles, all endemic. Key 1. Blackish, punctured Brown, shiny 2. Oval (length less than 5 times width) Elongate (length at least 5 times width)

Eurycratus laticaput 2

Hapalips championi Hapalips scotti

Eurycratus laticaput Scott, 1924 Genus et Species ? Scott 1922: 244 Eurycratus laticaput Scott 1924: 55 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9). Known only from the holotype. Description: Elongate, parallel sided; head broad. Shiny dark brown. Length 3.9mm. Hapalips championi Grouvelle, 1913 Hapalips championi Grouvelle 1913: 154 Distribution: Endemic – North (2000), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). This species may have been collected on North island (2000). Description: Oval, less than ﬁve times as long as wide. Shiny brown. Length 3.5mm Hapalips scotti Grouvelle, 1913 Hapalips scotti Grouvelle 1913: 155 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mt. Sebert 1908, 2002), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above, Mt Pot a Eau 1908). Some specimens from Pheonicophorium borsigianum axils. Description: Elongate, more than ﬁve times as long as wide. Shiny brown. Length 3-4mm. References Grouvelle, A. 1913 Coleoptera: Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 17: 141-159 Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260 Family CERYLONIDAE Cerylonids are mostly oval, ﬂattened beetles with a 1-2 segmented antennal club. They are found in detritus and under bark and feed on fungi and slime molds. Over 300 species worldwide, 14 species have been recorded in Seychelles. Key to Seychelles subfamilies 1. Frontoclypeal suture absent; maxillary palps aciculate, apical segment reduced, penultimate inﬂated; labrum developed into a sucking tube Ceryloninae Frontoclypeal suture present; maxillary palps not aciculate; mouthparts not piercing 2

173 2.

Lateral edges of pronotum serrulate; apical segments of labial palp constricted at apex; body short, broad, ﬂattened and setose Otomopsinae Lateral edges of pronotum not serrulate; apical segments of labial palp not constricted; elongate Euxestinae

Ostomopsinae Ostomopsis solitaria Scott, 1922 Ostomopsis solitaria Scott 1922: 200 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Euxestinae Euxestus globosus Arrow, 1922 Euxestus globosus Arrow 1922: 74 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Euxestus parki Wollaston, 1858 Euxestus parki Arrow 1922: 75 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Euxestus phalacrodies Wollaston, 1877 Euxestus phalacrodies Arrow 1922: 75 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Long (1909), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), Dennis (1909), D’Arros (1905), Poivre (1905), Desroches (1905). Ceryloniinae Key 1. Twice as long as wide; elytra three times as long as head and prothorax 2 At least twice as long as wide; elytra less than three times as long as head and prothorax Neotrichus parallelocollis 2. Antennal fossae on prosternum 3 Fossae not on prosternum 5 3. Prothorax smooth Mychocerus alluaudi 4 Prothorax with irregular punctures and depressions 4. Elytra notched at back; antennal club narrow; black; 2mm Axiocerylon cavicolle Elytra not notched; antennal club oval or rounded; brown; 1mm Thyroderus sculpticollis 5. Shiny 6 Hairy 8 6. 1st segment of abdomen longer than metasternum Praslirylon curtulum 7 Equal 7. Elytra parallel sided, red-brown, 2x1mm Philothermus gomyi Elytra widest at front 1/6; striae on elytra equally marked at base, strongly punctured Cerylon longuis Elytra widest at front 1/4; elytra striae more strongly marked at baste, ﬁnely punctured Cerylon nitidum 8. Elytra twice a long as wide; long hairs Cerylon gardineri 9 Elytra more than twice as long as wide; short hairs 9. Punctuation irregular on elytra; prothorax slightly narrowed at front Cerylon tantillum 10 Punctuation regular; prothorax parallel sided

174 10.

Fine punctures on elytra Deep punctures on elytra

Cerylon liliputianum Cerylon perparvulum

Axiocerylon cavicolle Grouvelle, 1918 Axiocerylon cavicolle Grouvelle 1918: 42 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (forest 1908). Cerylon gardineri Grouvelle, 1918 Cerylon gardineri Grouvelle 1918: 36 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (all high forests, Cascade coast, 1908-9), Silhouette (all high forests, Mon Plaisir 1908, 2000). Cerylon liliputianum Grouvelle, 1918 Cerylon liliputianum Grouvelle 1918: 38 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909). Cerylon longuis Grouvelle, 1918 Cerylon longuis Grouvelle 1918: 32 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Pt Etienne 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Cerylon nitidum Grouvelle, 1896 Cerylon nitidum Grouvelle 1918: 30 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc – Morne Pilot, Cascade 1892, 1908-9), Long (1909), Round (1908). Cerylon perparvulum Grouvelle, 1918 Cerylon perparvulum Grouvelle 1918: 33 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Seychellois, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Cerylon tantillum Grouvelle, 1918 Cerylon tantillum Grouvelle 1918: 35

Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908) Praslirylon curtulum (Grouvelle, 1918) Cerylon curtulum Grouvelle 1918: 40 Praslinia peyrierasi Dajoz 1974: 117 Philothermus curtulum Dajoz 1979: 448 Praslinia curtulum Ślipiński 1982: 220 Praslirylon curtulum Nussbaum & Ślipiński in Ślipiński 1985: 615 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Casse Dent, Congo Rouge, Morne Blanc, Morne Seychellois, 1909, 1970, 1972), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Mychocerus alluaudi Grouvelle, 1894 Mychocerus alluaudi Grouvelle 1918: 45 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (Pt Etienne, above 300m, 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), Felicite (1908), La Digue (1892).

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Philothermus gomyi Ślipiński, 1982 Philothermus gomyi Ślipiński 1982: 222 Mauritius – Mahé (Anse Marie Louise 1971), Silhouette (La Passe 2000). Thyroderus sculpticollis Grouvelle, 1918 Thyroderus sculpticollis Grouvelle 1918: 44 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). References Arrow, G.J. 1922 Coleoptera, Erotylidae and Endomycidae, from the Seychelles, Chagos and Amirantes Islands. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: 73-84 Dajoz, R. 1974 Coléoptères Colydiidae et Cerylonidae nouveaux des Séchelles. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 79: 113-118 Dajoz, R. 1979 Coléoptères Cerylonidae nouveaux ou peu connus. Bull. Soc. Linn. Lyon (7) 48: 441-452 Ślipiński, S. A., 1982 Studies on the Cerylonidae (Coleoptera, Clavicornia). Part II. Cerylonidae from the Mascarene, Seychelles and Comoro Islands, Rev. suisse Zool. 89: 219 228. Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Nussbaum, R.A. & Ślipiński, A. 1985 p.615 in Ślipiński, A. Notes rectitavies concernant les publications de Roger Dajoz relatives aux Colydiidae et Cerylonidae (Coleoptera). Rev. Suisse Zool. 92: 613-619 Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lycitdae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260 Family DISCOLOMATIDAE (=Notiophygidae) Discolomatids are oval, ﬂattened beetles, the margins are expanded margins with glandular pores on prothorax and elytra. The antennae are clubbed. Larvae are ﬂattened, disc-like. Both adults and larvae are mycophagous (feeding on polypores). Key: 1. Oblong (length more than 1.5 times width) 2 Oval (length 1.5 times width) Aphanocephalus acuminatus 2. 1 reddish patch on each elytra Aphanocephalus binotatus Aphanocephalus quadriplagiatus Black with 2 red patches on each elytron 3 No red patches 3. Thorax truncated anteriorly, ﬁne hairs; elytra longer than wide Aphanocephalus subdepressus Thorax rounded in front, long hairs; elytra length equals width Aphanocephalus insularis Aphanocephalus acuminatus Grouvelle, 1918 Aphanocephalus acuminatus Grouvelle 1918: 55 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé and Silhouette 1908-9, recorded “From the high mountain forests” (Grouvelle 1918). Description: Oval; length 1.5 times width. Brown. Length 1.3-1.7mm.

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Aphanocephalus binotatus Grouvelle, 1918 Aphanocephalus binotatus Grouvelle 1918: 50 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909). Recorded from 250-350m. Description: Oblong, length 1.6 times longer than wide; convex. Black with red margins to the prothorax, antennae and feet. Large transverse red patches on the middle of the elytra. Length 2mm. Aphanocephalus insularis Grouvelle, 1918 Aphanocephalus insularis Grouvelle 1918: 49 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (near Morne Blanc, above Cascade, Mt. Sebert, 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons, 1908), Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Some specimens have been collected from the axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum palms. Description: Oblong, length 1.5 times width; convex. Brown with a reddish tint to the margins of the prothorax and elytra; antennae and feet pale brown. Length 1.2-1.5mm Aphanocephalus quadriplagiatus Grouvelle, 1918 Aphanocephalus quadriplagiatus Grouvelle 1918: 52 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1909). Recorded from 250-350m. Description: Oblong, length twice width; convex. Black with red areas restricted to antennal bases; legs brown; two orange-red patches on the elytra, the posterior reaching the lateral margin. Length 1.4-1.6mm. Aphanocephalus subdepressus Grouvelle, 1918 Aphanocephalus subdepressus Grouvelle 1918: 53 Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). All 9 specimens collected in 1908 were from the leaf bases of a coco-de-mer (Lodoicea maldivica) palm. Description: Oblong, length 1.6 times width; moderately convex. Brown. Length 1.5-1.7mm. References Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family COCCINELLIDAE The coccinellids are the ladybirds, ovate, convex (almost hemispherical) beetles. The antennae are short and weakly clubbed, unlike other similar shaped beetles. Most species are predators, feeding on Hemiptera on foliage. Many have been introduced in biological control. Some species are mycophagous. Many are brightly coloured, with yellow, orange and red. Key 1. Black Not black 2. Elytra uniform black Yellow marks on elytra Red spots on elytra 3. Finely pubescent Shiny

2 12 3 8 Chilocorus distigma Stethorus cf. aethiops 5

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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Underside of abdomen yellow 6 Underside yellow with black in central area Exochomus laeviusculus Pale are restricted to underside Chilocorus nigritus Lateral margins of pronotum pale 7 Legs yellow Exochomus ﬂavipes Legs not yellow Exochomus ventralis Two yellow marks on prothorax Cheilomenes sulphurea No yellow marks on prothorax 9 Yellow marks on elytra not reaching margins 10 Yellow marks on elytra reaching margins 11 Variable yellow humeral marks; medial elongate yellow mark from apex not reaching anterior margin Scymnus constrictus Large yellow marking on elytra, reaching margins Scymnus lunulatus Two yellowish patches on elytra, one humeral, one apical Xamerpillus gahani Elongate yellow mark on elytra Pullus arrowi Elytra with large yellow patches, not reaching margins Scymnus cryptogonoides Large oval discal spot covering ¾ of each elytron Scymnus oblongosignatus Yellow brown with dark stripes Brumoides suturalis Not striped 13 Yellow with black markings Thea variegata Orange, red or brown 14 Pale orange Cheilomenes sexmaculata Reddish 15 Brown to blackish brown 17 Shiny 16 Dense red pubescence Rodolia chermesina Reddish, head black; two red spots on elytra Phlyctenolotis scotti Reddish brown with dark brown to black markings Rodolia cardinalis Finely pilose 18 Shiny; elytra with two reddish marks Sticholotis madagassa Elongate yellow mark on each elytron, >1mm Scymnus voeltzkowi Uniform, <1mm Pullus plutonus

Brumoides suturalis (Fabricius, 1798) Distribution: Asia, widely introduced – Silhouette (La Passe 2007), Bird (2003), Cosmoledo (2005) Description: Oval, convex. Shiny. Yellow-brown with a broad longitudinal band along each elytron, starting from thorax but not reaching apex. Length 2.7-3.2mm Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) Chilomenes sex-maculatus ab. interrupta Sicard 1912: 361 Distribution: Asia, Australia, Chagos – Silhouette (Anse Mondon 1998). Description: Oval, convex. Shiny. Pale orange; thorax blackish. Elytra with black marks: an anterior inverted V-shaped mark, a band from margin to centre and a sub-apical spot. Length 5mm. Cheilomenes sulphurea (Olivier, 1791) Cydonia lunata ab. sulphurea Sicard 1912: 361 Distribution: Africa, Western Indian Ocean – Cosmoledo (1907), Aldabra (1907)

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Description: Oval. Shiny. Black; antennae, mouthparts and feet yellow; two yellow anterolateral marks on prothorax, joined anteriorly by a yellow band; scutellum black; four bright yellow marks on each elytron and two reddish yellow markings on suture. Length 6.2mm. Chilocorus distigma Klug, 1835 Chilocorus distigma Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940b: 268, 1953: 405 Distribution: Introduced – Mahé (introduced 1936 – Grande Anse 1952), Silhouette (Anse Mondon path 1952, 1998), Praslin (1952). Introduced as a biological control agent in 1936 (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953). Feeds on coccoid scale-insects (including Pseudaulacaspis pentagona). Description: Oval, very convex. Shiny. Black with a red spot on each elytron. Length 5.5mm. Chilocorus nigritus (Fabricius, 1798) Chilocorus nigritus Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 405 Distribution: Introduced – Mahé (introduced 1936), Cerf (from 1952), St. Anne (from 1952), Therese (2003), Conception (2003), Silhouette (introduced 1936, La Passe, Belle Vue), North (introduced 1936), Praslin (introduced 1936), Aride (2003), Cousine (2000), St. Pierre (2001), La Digue (from 1944), Platte (introduced 1936), Aldabra (introduced 1988). Introduced as a biological control agent in 1936, established by 1939 and the dominant ladybird species in Seychelles since 1940 (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953). Feeds on coccoid scale-insects (including Chrysomphalus ﬁcus, Ischnaspis longirostris and Pinnaspis luxi). The similar species Chilocorus wahlbergi Mulsant, 1850 was introduced in 1952 but failed to become established (VeseyFitzgerald 1940b, 1953). Description: Globular, slightly longer than wide; strongly convex. Shiny; elytra very ﬁnely punctured. Black; head yellow-brown; elytral epipleures yellowish brown, bordered black; underside yellow-brown. Length 3.6mm Exochomus laeviusculus Weise, 1909 Exochomus laeviusculus Sicard 1912: 361 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Aldabra (1907) Description: Oval. Shiny with ﬁne punctuation. Black; head black in female with brown mouthparts, in male the front, clypeus and mouthparts are yellow; antennae yellow; prosternum black in females, yellow in males. Length 3.2mm. Exochomus ﬂavipes Thunberg, 1871 Exochomus nigromaculatus (ex errore) Kolbe 1902: 584 Exochomus ﬂavipes Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940a: 192, 1953: 407 Distribution: Africa (indigenous to southern atolls but introduced to granitic islands) – Mahé (introduced 1936, common in 1952), Cosmoledo (Menai 1937), Aldabra (1896, 1940). Introduced to the granitic islands as a biological control agent in 1936 (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940a, 1953). Feeds on coccoid scale-insects (including Coccus mangifearae, Leucanium spp. and Pulvinaria spp. As well as preying on Diptera (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940a). Description – Oval, convex. Shiny with ﬁne punctures. Black, lateral margins of pronotum and vertex orange brown, limbs orange, palpi black. Length 3mm Exochomus ventralis Gerstaecker, 1871 Exochomus ventralis Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 407 Distribution: Introduced – Mahé (common in 1952). Introduced as a biological control agent in 1936 (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953). Feeds on coccoid scale-insects (including Coccus mangiferae).

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Description – Oval, convex. Shiny with ﬁne punctures. Black, lateral margins of pronotum and vertex orange brown, limbs yellow, palpi black. Length 3mm Phlyctenolotis scotti Sicard, 1912 Phlyctenolotis scotti Sicard 1912: 365 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above, La Passe 1908, 2000-1), Aride (2003) Description: Oval, moderately convex. Shiny. Reddish, head black; two red spots on elytra. Length 2.5mm. Pullus arrowi Sicard, 1912 Pullus arrowi Sicard 1912: 361 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, La Passe, Jardin Marron 1908, 1998, 2000) Description: Black with elongate yellow mark on elytra; head yellow (male) or black (female); pilose. Length 2mm Pullus plutonus (Mulsant, 1853) Pullus plutonus Sicard 1912: 361 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Mare aux Cochons, Cascade, Anse Aux Pins / Anse Royale, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Pt. Etienne, Jardin Marron 1908, 2000), Marianne (1908). Description: Oval; pale brown; pilose. Length 0.9mm Rodolia chermesina Mulsant, 1850 Rhodolia chermesina Sicard 1912: 361 Rhodolia chermesina ab. dionysia Sicard 1912: 361 Rodolia chermesina Vesey-Fitzgerald 1940a: 191, 1953: 407 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Mt. Sebert 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (La Passe, Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Gratte Fesse 1908, 2004-6), Denis (1908). Feeds on the margarodid mealy buy Icerya seychellarum. Description: Oval, convex. Dense red pubescence. Reddish brown. Length 4mm. Rodolia cardinalis Mulsant, 1850. Rodolia cardinalis Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 405 Distribution: Introduced – Mahé (introduced 1939), Silhouette (1952), Praslin (1952), Grande Soeur (introduced 1939), Desroches (introduced 1939). Introduced as a biological control agent in 1939. Feeds on the margarodid mealy bug Icerya seychellarum. Description: Oval, convex. Shiny, ﬁne pubescence. Reddish brown with dark brown to black markings of one humeral spot and one central spot on each elytron. Development of markings variable – from distinct spots to bands reaching margin of elytra, may be conﬂuent. Length 3.5mm. Scymnus constrictus Mulsant, 1850 Scymnus (Scymnus) constrictus Sicard 1912: 362 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Mahé (Victoria, Cascade, Morne Blanc, Anse aux Pins / Anse Royale 1908-9), Anonyme (1908), Silhouette (Grande Barbe, Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Felicite (1908), Bird (1908), Providence (Cerf 1905). A specimen was collected in 2003 (locality not recorded).

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Description: Oval, pubescent. Black, yellow humeral marks, may extend into an antero-marginal band; each elytron with a medial elongate yellow mark from the apex but not reaching the anterior margin, this is constricted at its midpoint (typical form), reduced (f. subsuturalis) or divided into two markings (f. intercissus). Frons brown in female, yellow in male. Length 1.8mm. Scymnus cryptogonoides Sicard, 1912 Scymnus cryptogonoides Sicard 1912: 362 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Description: Black, head yellow (male) or black (female); elytra with large yellow patches, not reaching margins. Length 2.5mm. Scymnus lunulatus Sicard, 1912 Scymnus cryptogonoides ab. lunulatus Sicard 1912: 363 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Description: Oval; black with large yellow marking on elytra reaching to margins; feet reddish. Length 2.5mm. Scymnus (Nephus) oblongosignatus Mulsant, 1850 Nephus oblongo-signatus Sicard 1912: 364 Nephus oblong-signatus ab. grinerae Sicard 1912: 364 Nephus oblongosignatus Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 408 Distribution: Mascarenes – Mahé (Victoria, Cascade, Anse aux Pins / Anse Royale, Port Glaud, Morne Blanc 1908-9, 1952), Long (1908), Anonyme (1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Aride (1999). Feeds on coccoid scale-insects (Pseudococcus spp.). Description: Oval, ﬁne pubescence. Black with a large oval discal spot covering ¾ of each elytron; mouthparts yellow. Length 1.6mm. Scymnus (Nephus) voeltzkowi (Weise, 1910) Nephus seychellensis Sicard 1912: 363 Distribution: Madagascar, Mascarenes – Mahé (Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Cascade, Anse aux Pins / Anse Royale, Mt. Anse Major 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), D’Arros (2003). Description: Oval. Finely pilose. Brown to blackish brown, paler at apex of elytra, elongate yellow mark on each elytron. Length 1.5-1.7mm Stethorus cf. aethiops Stethorus sp. Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 408 Distribution: African species, identiﬁcation uncertain – Silhouette (Jardin Marron 2000), Praslin (1952). Recorded feeding on “red-spider” mites (Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953). Description: Oval. Shiny; ﬁnely pubescent. Black. Length 1.4mm. Sticholotis madagassa Weise, 1909 Sticholotis madagassa Vesey-Fitzgerald 1953: 408 Distribution: Mascarenes – Mahé (1952), Silhouette (La Passe, Anse Lascars, Belle Vue, Jardin Marron 1999-2006), Praslin (1952). Feeds on the coccoid scale-insect Pseudalacaspis pentagona. Description: Oval, convex. Shiny. Blackish brown; pronotum and elytra with red margins; elytra with two reddish marks. Length 1.8mm.

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Thea variegata (Fabricius, 1781) Thea variegata Matyot 1997: 72 Distribution: Africa, Mascarenes – Mahé (Foret Noire 1997-7). Description: Oval. Shiny; dense punctuation. Yellow; back of head black; 5 black marks on pronotum; scutellum black; elytra marked with up to 9 subcircular black marks, many fusing into transverse bands. Length 3.5mm. Feeds on Oidium sp. fungus which grows commonly on he underside of Carica papaya leaves (Matyot 1997). Xamerpillus gahani Sicard, 1912 Xamerpillus gahani Sicard 1912: 366 Description: Oval. Finely pubescent. Blackish brown; elytra with two large yellowish spots: one humeral and one apical, both well separated from suture. Length 2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade, Mt. Sebert, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Jardin Marron, 1908, 2000-3). References Kolbe, H. 1902 Koleopteren der Aldabra-Inseln. Abh. Senckenb. Ges. 26: 567-586 Matyot, P. 1997 Two additions to the insect fauna of Seychelles. Phelsuma 5: 72-73 Sicard, D. 1912 Coleoptera, Coccinellidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 15: 361-366 Vesey-FitzGerlad, D. 1953. Review of the biological control of coccids on coconut palm in the Seychelles. Bull. Ent. Res. 44: 405-13. Family CORYLOPHIDAE The Corylophidae (‘minute hooded beetles’ or ‘minute fungus beetles’) are small, ovate and ﬂattened beetles. The head is usually concealed by the prothorax and the long antennae are usually clubbed. In some species the elytra are truncate. They are mycophagous, found in leaf litter, under bark and in fungi. 12 species have been recorded from Seychelles. Key 1. Elytra straight, tapering Elytra convex, oval 2. Elytra black Elytra brown 3. Elytra uniform Marked 4. Thorax reddish Thorax black 5. Thorax red Thorax red-yellow 6. 2 red-yellow spots on each elytron 2 red-yellow spots forming bands 1 pale spot Red edges

Sericoderus seychellensis 2 3 7 4 6 5 Arthrolips sp. Daubania seychellarum Sacium rochonianum Sacium picaultium Sacium grossinium Sacium roslanium Lewisium seychelleum

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7. 8.

Thorax red Thorax red-yellow Thorax brown Thorax uniform Thorax edges dark

Meioderus quinssyanus Rhypobius aquilinus 8 Orthoperus minutissimus Arthrolips insulaelongae

Arthrolips sp. Arthrolips sp. Scott 1917: 15 Description: The single damaged specimen is suboblong, shiny; blackish with paler thorax, ﬁne pale pubescence. Length 1.0mm. Distribution: Endemic? – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Arthrolips insulaelongae Scott, 1917 Arthrolips insulae-longae Scott 1917: 13 Description: Oval, shiny. Brown, prothorax paler anteriorly and with a dark mark on disc, dark mark on elytra at suture. Length 1.2-1.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Long (1908). Daubania seychellarum Scott, 1917 Daubania seychellarum Scott 1917: 21 Description: Oval, shiny; head covered by pronotum. Red with pale anterior margin to thorax; elytra black. Length 0.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Cascade), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Lewisium seychelleum Scott, 1917 Lewisium seychelleum Scott 1917: 23 Description: Oval, very shiny. Reddish black or black with brown anterior edge to thorax, disc and suture of elytra reddish. Length 1.1mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (lowlands to 350m, 1908-9), Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mar aux Cochons, Pt. Etienne 1908), Praslin (lowland 1908), Felicite (1908). The commonest species in 1908, especially in grass in cultivated areas (Scott 1917). Meioderus quinssyanus Scott, 1917 Meioderus quinssyanus Scott 1917: 16 Description: Broadly oval, shiny. Thorax reddish; elytra blackish; underside brown. Length 1.1mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Rhypobius aquilinus Scott, 1917 Rhypobius aquilinus Scott 1917: 27 Description: Oval, shiny. Thorax reddish, elytra dark brown; appendages yellowish. Length 0.9mm Distribution: Endemic – Remire (1905). Orthoperus minutissimus Matthews, 1899 Orthoperus minutissimus Scott 1917: 31 Description: Oval, shiny. Blackish brown. Length 0.7mm. Distribution: Pantropical – Silhouette (Mare aux cochons 1908).

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Sacium grossinium Scott, 1917 Sacium grossinium Scott 1917: 9 Description: Oblong-oval, thorax long. Pubescent. Black with two red-yellow marks on each elytron, one humeral band and one large sub-apical spot contacting medial border. Length 1.2mm Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Sacium picaultium Scott, 1917 Sacium picaultium Scott 1917: 7 Description: Oblong-oval. Sparse pubescence and punctuation. Black with two red-yellow spots on each elytron. Length 1.1-1.3mm Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Sacium rochonianum Scott, 1917 Sacium rochonianum Scott 1917: 12 Description: Oval, shiny. Reddish yellow, elytra blackish, head and appendages yellowish brown, abdomen reddish. Length 0.9-1.0mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908). Sacium roslanium Scott, 1917 Sacium roslanium Scott 1917: 10 Description: Oval. Punctured. Black with one large pale spot on each elytron. Length 1.0mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux cochons, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Sericoderus (Anisomeristes) seychellensis Scott, 1917 Sericoderus (Anisomeristes) seychellensis Scott 1917: 18 Description: Oval, thorax broader than elytra. Golden pubescence. Yellowish brown, appendages yellow. Length 0.8-1.0mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux cochons 1908). Collected in large numbers from vegetation, including grassy clearings, in 1908 (Scott 1917). References Scott, H. 1917 Corylophidae from the Seychelles and Rangoon. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 19: 1-33 Family LATRIDIIDAE The Latridiidae or Lathridiidae are small beetles with a narrow pronotum. The clypeus is laterally expanded in front of the antennal bases. They are mycophagous and found in leaf litter and fungi, some may occur on foliage. Three species have been recorded from Seychelles, one of which may not belong in this family. Key 1. 1.5-2 times as long as wide; thorax ridged or smooth, oval 2 Three times as long as wide; thorax ridged, margins angular Enicmus minutus 2. Thorax ridged Metophthalmus (Euchionellus) albofasciatus Thorax smooth Nesolathrus typicus

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Enicmus minutus (Linnaeus, 1767) Enicmus minutus Scott 1912: 245 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Silhouette (Grande Barbe 1908, 1999-2000) Metophthalmus (Euchionellus) albofasciatus Reitter, 1891 Metophthalmus (Euchionellus) albofasciatus Scott 1912: 247 Distribution: Cosmopolitan, widely introduced – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908) Nesolathrus typicus Scott, 1921 Nesolathrus typicus Scott 1912: 250 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mt. Sebert 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). This species is not a true Latridiid (W. Rucker pers. comm.) and was placed in the family by Scott (912) with uncertainty, Scott noted similarities to the Colydiidae. References Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lycitdae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18; 195-260 Family MYCETOPHAGIDAE Mycetophagids (‘hairy fungus beetles’) comprise 200 small (1.5-5.5mm), oval and hairy beetles. They are found in fungi, bark and rotten wood. They are brown or black, often with orange markings. One species has been recorded in Seychelles, belonging to the store-pest genus Typhaea. Typhaea stercorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Typhaea fumata Scott 1922: 253 Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (La Passe, Jardin Marron on Musa sp. 1999) Description: Elongately oval. Elytra punctured with pubescence in longitudinal rows. Light brown to reddish brown with long yellowish pubescence. 2-5mm References Scott, H. 1922 Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae, Scaphidiidae, Phalacridae, Cucujidae (supplement), Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae (including Propalticus), Bostrichidae, Lyctidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 18: 195-260 Family CIIDAE Ciidae are variable in shape, most are cylindrical or slightly ﬂattened. The head is usually deﬂexed, with a distinct frontoclypeal ridge. In males his ridge may be extended into raised tubercles or horns. The antennae is loosely clubbed. They are mycophagous on Basidomycetes (especially Polyporaceae), although a few species are phytophagous.

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Key 1. Antennae 10-segmented with a 2-3-segmented club 2 Antennae 9-segmented with a 3-segmented club 6. Ennearthron 2. Antennal club 3-segmented 3 Antennal club 2-segmented; depressed, shiny; no hind wings Dimerapterocis apterus 3. Tibiae dilated towards apex Paratrichapus sechellarum Tibiae not dilated 4 4. Elytra with elevated longitudinal keels 5 No keels 7. Tropicis 5. Tibiae with comb-teeth on outer margin Xylographus seychellensis Tibiae without teeth 8. Cis 6. 1.8-2.5mm, yellow with black marks Ennearthron pulchellum 1.1-1.4mm, uniform black or reddish black Ennearthron cucullatum 7. Elytral keels distinct for full length Tropicis ﬂexicarinatus Elytral keels distinct only in front half Tropicis brevicarinatus 8. Hairy 9 Smooth or with minute hairs 16 9. Elytra with regular longitudinal series of erect hairs 10 Elytra without a line of erect hairs 14 11. Elytra with regular longitudinal series of large punctures, long, narrow, parallel sided 12 Elytra without large punctures, short and more convex 13 12. Narrow, short hairs Cis mahensis More robust, long hairs Cis felicitas Cis biacutus 13. Head and thorax smooth Head and thorax ridged, not shiny Cis praslinensis 14. 3-4mm, black prothorax, elytra yellow, marked with black, short hairs Cis insignis <2mm, uniform blackish 15 15. Sparse hairs, black and bristly Cis aldabranus Dense hairs, paler Cis subsquamosus 16. Elytra with regular, large punctures; elongate, narrow, parallel sided, 3mm Cis parallelus Elytra without punctures, <3mm 17 17. 2mm, head and thorax blackish, elytra brown Cis sublacernatus 1mm, uniform black or reddish 18 18. Prothorax slightly broader than long 19 Prothorax wider than long Cis stevensoniae 19. Shiny 20 Dull with dense punctures Cis retithorax 20. Elytra ovate, tapering behind and narrowed at base Cis cacuminum Elytra less narrowed behind, less constricted at base of thorax and elytra Cis silvicola Cis mahensis Scott, 1926 Cis mahensis Scott 1926: 15 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908-9). Description: Resembles C. parallelus except more slender, having more conspicuous setae. Male dark reddish black, female black; legs brownish. Length 1.6mm.

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Cis felicitas Scott, 1926 Cis felicitas Scott 1926: 16 Distribution: Endemic – Felicite (1908). Known only from the holotype. Description: Resembles C. mahensis except in being broader and having more prominent setae. Length 1.8mm. Cis biacutus Reitter, 1908 Cis biacutus Scott 1926: 17 Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (above Mare aux cochons, Pt. Etienne 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Description: Suboblong, shiny. Blackish, front margin of prothorax and front of head may be reddish, legs reddish brown, antennae red or yellow. Length 1.2-1.3mm. Cis praslinensis Scott, 1926 Cis praslinensis Scott 1926: 18 Distribution: Africa – Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Known only from the holotype. Description: Resembles C. biacutus, differing in having a ridged surface to the head and prothorax (appearing dull), head broader, eyes more prominent. Length 1.4mm. Cis insignis Scott, 1926 Cis insignis Scott 1926: 18 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9). Description: Suboblong. Head and prothorax black, elytra yellowish brown with black marks; legs dark reddish, black at base; antennae reddish with black clubs. Length 3.0-4.3mm Cis aldabranus Scott, 1926 Cis aldabranus Scott 1926: 20 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Michel 1908). Collected from fungus. Description: Suboblong, broad; shiny black; legs and antennae reddish. Length 1.9mm. Cis subsquamosus Scott, 1926 Cis subsquamosus Scott 1926: 21 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Suboblong, moderately shiny. Male dark reddish black with a pale sutural area on elytra; female black with yellowish patch on elytra. Length 1.7mm. Cis parallelus Scott, 1926 Cis parallelus Scott 1926: 23 Distribution: Madagascar, Comoros – Mahé (Cascade 1892, 1908), Silhouette (lowlands 1908). Description: Elongate, slightly shiny. Dark brown, sometimes blackish brown; antennae and legs reddish. Length 1.4-2.7mm. Cis sublacernatus Scott, 1926 Cis sublacernatus Scott 1926: 24 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Pt. Etienne 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), La Digue (1892). Description: Elongate. Blackish; mouth reddish; anterior margin of prothorax reddish; elytra pale brown; antennae reddish-yellow; legs reddish brown. Length 2.0-2.3mm.

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Cis stevensoniae Scott, 1926 Cis stevensoniae Scott 1926: 29 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908). Known only from the holotype, collected from the axil of a Phoenicophorium borsigianum palm (suggested to be an accidental location – Scott 1926). Description: Subcylindrical. Shiny black; legs yellowish; antennae bright yellow. Length 1.25mm. Cis retithorax Scott, 1926 Cis retithorax Scott 1926: 28 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908-9), Long (1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, above Mare aux Cochons, Pt. Etienne 1908), Felicite (1908). Description: Subcylindrical. Dark reddish black, head and front of prothorax paler; legs reddish; antennae yellowish. Length 1.3mm. Cis cacuminum Scott, 1926 Cis cacuminum Scott 1926: 26 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Description: Subcylindrical. Shiny black; legs reddish; antennae yellowish with darker clubs. Length 1.4mm. Cis silvicola Scott, 1926 Cis silvicola Scott 1926: 27 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochosn 1908). Description: Subcylindrical. Shiny black, reddish at tip of elytra; legs reddish; antennae yellowish. Length 1.5mm. Dimerapterocis apterus Scott, 1926 Dimerapterocis apterus Scott 1926: 35 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Description: Shiny black; head reddish; legs and antennae yellow. Length 1.2-1.4mm. Ennearthron pulchellum Scott, 1926 Ennearthron pulchellum Scott 1926: 36 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (above Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Some collected from fungus. Description: Constricted at base of prothorax and elytra. Pale yellowish brown with black markings. Length 1.8-2.5mm. Ennearthron cucullatum Mellie, 1848 Ennearthron cucullatum Scott 1926: 37 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (from lowland to 500m 1908), Felicite (1908), Aldabra (Michel 1908). Collected in large numbers in 1908-9. Description: Reddish to black. Length 1.0-1.4mm.

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Paratrichapus sechellarum Scott, 1926 Paratrichapus sechellarum Scott 1926: 40 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). Collected in large numbers in 1908-9, some from fungus. Description: Shiny black with pale pubescence; legs and antennae reddish brown. Length 1.7mm. Tropicis ﬂexicarinatus Scott, 1926 Tropicis ﬂexicarinatus Scott 1926: 32 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (no recorded locality – probably high forest 1908). Collected from fungus. Description: Broad; punctures elongate on prothorax, large but not elongate on elytra. Shiny dark reddish-brown; legs and antennae lighter. Length 1.4mm. Tropicis brevicarinatus Scott, 1926 Tropicis brevicarinatus Scott 1926: 33 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908), Silhouette (lowland and widespread in high forests including Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Most collected from high forest although one specimen is from near sea level (Scott 1926). Some collected from fungus. Description: Shiny; punctures round, edges raised on elytra giving a ridged appearance. Blackish; legs and antennae brown. Length 1.0-1.1mm. Xylographus seychellensis Scott, 1926 Xylographus seychellensis Scott 1926: 10 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons, Morne Blanc, Cascade, Morne Seychellois 1908-9). Most specimens collected from fungi. Description: Black, palps and basal segments of antennae reddish. Shiny. Length 2.6-3.7mm. References Scott, H. 1926 Coleoptera: Ciidae. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 19: 141 Family MYCTERIDAE Darren A. Pollock Mycterids are a diverse group of mainly tropical beetles; body shape ranges from very narrow and parallel-sided (Hemipeplinae) to broadly oval (Mycterinae and most Eurypinae). The relationships of Mycteridae to other families of Tenebrionoidea are not fully resolved, although it seems very likely that they are allied with Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Prostomidae, etc. (Pollock 1994; Beutel & Friedrich 2005). Many species now placed in Mycteridae were originally placed in other families of Tenebrionoidea; one such family is Melandryidae, in which both species of Seychelles Mycteridae were placed originally. Only two species (Stictodrya longipennis Champion and Mycteromimus insularis Champion) are recorded from Seychelles, both in the subfamily Eurypinae, and also the sole representatives of their respective genera. Within Eurypinae, there are approximately 26 genera and 114 species worldwide, with about 20 species found in the Afrotropical region (including the Seychelles). Larvae of Eurypinae for which adequate biological data are available, are associated with dead trees, including palms (Lawrence 1991; Pollock, in press). Overall, very little is known about the biology or natural history of this family.

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Key to species 1. Body elongate, parallel-sided, dorsally depressed; pronotum approximately square, about as wide as head, across eyes; elytra with contrasting pattern of light and dark Stictodrya longipennis Body elongate oval, dorsally convex; pronotum distinctly transverse, much wider than head, across eyes; elytra with uniform color Mycteromimus insularis Stictodrya longipennis Champion, 1917 Stictodrya longipennis Champion 1917: 166 Distribution and natural history: Endemic. Champion (1917: 166): “Seychelles: Mahé…beaten from dense forest-vegetation of “Capucin”-trees (Northea) [= Northia, Sapotaceae], Roscheriapalms [Arecaceae], &c., on the summit of Morne Pilot, over 2000 feet, xi.1908.” Description: length: 5.8 mm; width 2 mm; body relatively depressed dorsally, shiny, blackish with bronzy tint; yellowish pubescence on antennae, prothorax, and elytra, forming bands on elytra; pronotum approximately square, only slighter wider than maximum head width across eyes. Notes: only a single specimen was seen by Champion (1917); contrary to the original description, the holotype (in BMNH) is actually a female. Champion (1917) referred this new species to near Thisias Champion, and other “Melandryidae” (almost all of which were eventually transferred to Mycteridae). Mycteromimus insularis Champion, 1917 Mycteromimus insularis Champion 1917: 167 Distribution and natural history: Endemic. Champion (1917: 167): “..obtained by beating from the growing leaves of one species of endemic palm (Stevensonia sechallarum) [= Phoenicophorium borsigianum, Arecaceae] in the mountain-forests: Silhouette, above Mare aux Cochons, over 1000 feet, ix. 1908; Mahé, near Morne Blanc, and above Cascade Estate, in both cases at about 1000 feet.” Description: length 4.0-6.5 mm; width 2.0-2.5 mm; body convex dorsally, shiny bronzy black; antennae brown; body with dense, uniformly pale brown to yellowish pubescence; pronotum distinctly transverse, much wider than maximum head width across eyes. Notes: the type series of M. insularis consists of 12 specimens; the male lectotype, female paralectotype and the syntypes are deposited in BMNH. Some previous authors (e.g. Lawrence & Newton 1995) placed this species in Mycterinae, based on the original comments of Champion (1917), who noted the similarities between M. insularis and various species of Mycterus Clairville (hence the name “Mycteromimus”). It was subsequently discovered that the genus belongs in Eurypinae (Pollock, in press). References Beutel, R.G. & F. Friedrich. 2005. Comparative study of larvae of Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Eur. J. Entomol. 102: 241-264. Champion, G.C. 1917. Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187. Lawrence, J.F. 1991. Mycteridae (Tenebrionoidea) (including Hemipeplidae). Pp. 535-537 in Stehr, F. W. (ed.) Immature Insects. Vol. 2. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa. Lawrence, J.F. & A.F. Jr. Newton. 1995. Families and subfamilies of Coleoptera (with selected genera, notes, references and data on family-group names) Pp. 779-1006 in Pakaluk, J. & S.A. Slipiñski (eds.) Biology, Phylogeny, and Classiﬁcation of Coleoptera. Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polska Akademia Nauk, Warsaw.

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Pollock, D.A. 1994. Systematic position of Pilipalpinae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) and composition of Pyrochroidae. Can. Entomol. 126(3): 515-532. Pollock, D.A. In press. Family Mycteridae. In: Beutel, R.G. & R. Leschen (eds.). Handbuch der Zoologie / Handbook of Zoology. Insecta: Coleoptera, Beetles: Volume 2. W. de Gruyter Inc., Berlin. Family COLYDIIDAE Colydiids are ovate to elongate beetles, they may be convex or ﬂattened and are usually dull coloured. They are usually found in leaf litter or under bark, feeding on fungi. Key 1. Fore-coxal cavities partially closed by the laterally expanded prosternal process, hind coxae widely separated; 2-3 times longer than wide, elytra 2-3 times as long as head and thorax Pycnomerinae – Pycnomerus confertus Fore-coxal cavities open or closed by notum only; hind coxae not widely separated; elongate, at least twice as long as wide; elytra less than three times as long as head and prothorax Colydiinae 2 2. More than three times as long as wide 3 Three times as long as wide 5 Less than three times as long as wide 6 3. Six times as long as wide, black Mecedanum sp. Four times as long as wide, reddish or black with yellow patches Lascotonus scotti 4 Less than four times as long as wide, black, yellowish scales in lines on elytra 4. Elytra wider than thorax, feet black Neotrichus gardineri Elytra as wide as thorax, feet reddish Neotrichus parallelocollis 5. Strongly ridged on prothorax and elytra Ditoma cavicollis Ridged on prothorax, elytra punctured, shiny Xuthia sicana Weak ridges on elytra only, hairy Colobicones singularis 6. Hairs on distinct tubercles, tiny eyes Paralyreus scotti 7 White or yellow scales present, eyes normal or large 7. Scales in patches Cicones scotti Scales in lines on elytra only Cicones compactus Scales in lines on elytra, head and thorax also scaly Diplotoma capito Cicones scotti Grouvelle, 1918 Cicones scotti Grouvelle 1918: 12 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908) Cicones compactus Grouvelle, 1918 Cicones compactus Grouvelle 1918: 14 Distribution: Mahé (Cascade 1908). Known only from the holotype. Colobicones singularis Grouvelle, 1918 Colobicones singularis Grouvelle 1918: 16 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908). Known only from the holotype.

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Diplotoma capito Grouvelle, 1918 Diplotoma capito Grouvelle 1918: 17 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mt Sebert 1909). Ditoma cavicollis Grouvelle, 1918 Ditoma cavicollis Grouvelle 1918: 10 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (forest near Mare aux Cochons 1908). Lascotonus scotti Grouvelle, 1918 Lascotonus scotti Grouvelle 1918: 22 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (La Passe, Mt. Pot a Eau, Pt Etienne 1908, 1999). Mecedanum sp. Mecedanum sp. Grouvelle 1918: 28 Distribution: Silhouette (forest at edge of Mare aux Cochons 1908). Neotrichus gardineri Grouvelle, 1918 Neotrichus gardineri Grouvelle 1918: 19 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Pt Etienne 1908). Neotrichus parallelocollis Grouvelle, 1918 Neotrichus parallelocollis Grouvelle 1918: 26 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade) Paralyreus scotti Grouvelle, 1918 Paralyreus scotti Grouvelle 1918: 25 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois 1908) Pycnomerus (Penthelispa) confertus (Reitter, 1878) Pycnomerus (Penthelispa) confertus Grouvelle 1918: 9 Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (1908), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908), all from mountain forests. Xuthia sicana Pascoe, 1863 Xuthia sicana Grouvelle 1918: 12 Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (Pt Etienne, and forest 1908), Felicite (1908). References Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Family MONOMMIDAE (=Monommatidae) The Monommidae or Monommatidae are ovate, convex beetles with large, subcontiguous eyes. Larvae are phytophagous. Only one species has been recorded in Seychelles, apparently endemic.

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Monomma pruinosum Champion, 1917 Monomma pruinosum Champion 1917: 162 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (1905). Description: A small species with ﬁne, dispersed pubescence. Dark reddish to black, reddish along margins. Length 3.25-4mm References Champion, G.C. 1917 Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187 Family TENEBRIONIDAE Tenebrionids usually have antennal bases covered by shelf-like genal extensions. Larvae are elongate, subcylindrical (distinct from other larvae except for some Elateridae) and specialised fungivorous burrowers in decaying wood; some species have also adapted to live in soil, leaflitter or in nests of social insects. Species of Alphitobius may feed on carrion and faeces. Key (after Watt 1974) Giant, >15mm Pulposipes herculeanus 2 Smaller <15mm 2. Tarsal claws distinctly serrate (‘comb-clawed beetles’) Alleculinae (=Cistelidae) 30. 3 Tarsal claws not serrate 3. Elytra striate, scutellary striae absent, sutural striae parallel to base. Each mandible tridentate at apex Phrenapatinae – Tagalus cavifrons Elytra, if striate, with scutellary striae, or at least with sutural striae diverging distinctly 4 at base. Mandibles bidentate, unidentate, or truncate at apex 4. Labrum (when dissected out) elongate, or at most weakly transverse. Epipharynx and tormae characteristic. Elytra, if striate, each with 10 striae. Penultimate segments of tarsi 22. Lagriinae frequently lobed below, at least weakly Labrum moderately to strongly transverse. Epipharynx and tormae not as above. Elytra each with fewer than 10 striae. Penultimate segments of tarsi rarely lobed below, if so 5 then elytra nine-striate 5. Outer surface of each tibia with a shallow, longitudinal groove or median carina, and with anterior and posterior margins of outer surface carinate. Antennae characteristic, with last six to eight segments bluntly serrate to ﬂabellate on inner margin, and bearing sensilla on the projections. Body strongly convex Diaperinae 7 If tibiae so formed, body strongly depressed (Catapiestus). Antennae not as above. 6 6. Antennae with distinct four-segmented, ﬂattened club Toxicinae – Cryphaeus capreolus Antennae otherwise Tenebrioninae 8 7. Reddish brown 24 Black 25 8. Oval, less than twice as long as wide 9 Elongate, at least twice as long as wide 10 9. Abdomen distinct 11 Abdomen merged into thorax 14 10. Abdomen globular, pointed at tip, strongly ridged. Camarothelops 20 Otherwise 21

1.

193 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

22. 23.

24.

25.

26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Antennae longer than head and thorax 12 Antennae shorter Pedini 13 Antennae ﬁne Gnathelops chatayi Antennae broad Alphitobius laevigatus, A. crenatus Antennae ﬁne 16 Antennae broad Ulomini 17 Elytra strongly ridged Triboliini 15 Elytra only weakly ridged Amarygmini – Amarygmus seychellensis Oval 19 Elongate Tribolium castanaeum Not ﬂattened; at least 6mm long Diphyrrhynchus spp. Cnodaloninae – Mahena cuprea Flattened; less than 5mm long Front tibiae serrate on outer margin Uloma spp. 18 Front tibiae not serrate Eutochia pulla Head short and wide Uloma crenatostiata Head narrow Uloma scita Flattened; elytra strongly ridged. At least 15mm long Pseudhadrus spp. Palorus spp. Not ﬂattened; elytra with rows of punctures. 2.0mm Front of prothorax rounded Camarothelops braueri Front of prothorax angled at sides Camarothelops scotti Tibiae not distally expanded, ﬁrst tarsomere lacking lateral projections; 3-6mm 26 Tibiae distally expanded, ﬁrst tarsomere with lateral projection. 7-8mm Tenebrionini - Opatropis blairi Oval; dull with irregular punctures; 1-2mm Enicmosoma punctum Gonocephalum 23 Parallel sided; shiny with rows of punctures; 3-6.5mm Lateral elytral grooves invisible from underneath; shiny; last protarsomere dilated Gonocephalum micantipenne & G. peregrinum (only separable by dissection) Lateral elytral grooves visible from underneath; matt; last protarsomere not dilated Gonocephalum alticola & G. simplex (only separable by dissection) Abdomen lacking exposed intersegmental membranes between sternites. Antennae 11-segmented with 3-segmented, ﬂattened club, or 10-segmented with 2-segmented club Dysantini – Cylindrosia foveifrons Abdomen with exposed intersegmental membranes between sternites 3-5. Antennae 31 with at least six-segmented, bluntly serrate club, or ﬂabellate Red-brown, with two yellow or orange patches on elytra. 3.5mm Crypticini – Microcrypticus variegates Phaleriini – Epiphaleria pallida Uniform red-brown to black. 5-6mm & Plesioderes madagascariensis Prothorax rounded, projecting at sides of head Blapimorpha – Zidalus spp. Prothorax prominently angled anteriorly, slightly narrowed posteriorly. Stenociniinae 27 Antennae 6-segmented; head ﬂat 28 Antennae 5-segmetned; head cylindrical at back 29 Head rugose, angled at front; legs black Bradymerus scotti Head with longitudinal ridges, rounded; tarsi reddish Bradymerus aspericollis 7-9mm; abdomen with long pubescence Bradymerus seychellensis 4-6mm; abdomen short pubescence Bradymerus hispidus At least 5mm long, head greenish Cacoplesia viriditincta ‘Cacoplesia’ annulipes Less than 5mm long, uniform brown

194 31.

Tarsal formula 4-4-4 32 Tarsal formula 5-5-4 Diaperini – Platydema inaequidens & Heterophyllus atomus 32. Antennae distinctly combed Rhipidandrini – Rhipidandrus speculifrons Antennae not forming a comb Gnathidiini – Tyrtaeus singularis Alphitobius crenatus Klug, 1833 Alphitobius crenatus Gebien 1922: 302 Description: Elongate head, prothorax and elytra conﬂuent. Prothorax punctured, elytra strongly ridged. Abdomen tip narrow, projecting beyond elytra. 6-7mm Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Cascade 1894-5, 1909), Long (1909), Silhouette (coastal 1908), Praslin (1908), Bird (1908), Dennis (1908), Remire (1905), Poivre (1905), D’Arros (1905), Desroches (1905), Coetivy (1905), Farquhar (1905), Astove (1907), Aldabra (Picard 1907, 1909). Common in 1908-9, collected from rotten wood and in roots. Alphitobius laevigatus Fabricius, 1781 Alphitobius laevigatus Gebien 1922: 302 Description: Elongately oval; prothorax and elytra conﬂuent, prothorax angled anteriorly. Prothorax punctured, elytra strongly ridged; antennae broad. 6.5mm Distribution: Cosmopolitan – Mahé (1908-9), Aride (in imported rice arriving on island 2005), D’Arros (1905), Assumption (1908). Amarygmus seychellensis Gebien, 1922 Amarygmus seychellensis Gebien 1922: 323 Description: Oval; head largely hidden, prothorax conﬂuent with elytra. Elytra shiny with rows of ﬁne punctures. Blackish brown to black. 4.3-5.1mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Many specimens collected on the bark of Atrocarpus altilis and A. heterophyllus at night (Gebien 1922). Bradymerus aspericollis (Fairmaire, 1868) Bradymerus aspericollis Gebien 1922: 281 Description: Elongate. Prothorax prominently angled anteriorly (extending along sides of head), slightly narrowed posteriorly. Elytra strongly ridged and with rows of punctures. Head rounded. 6.5x4.0mm Distribution: Madagascar, Comores – Aldabra (1907-8). Bradymerus hispidus Gebien, 1922 Bradymerus hispidus Gebien 1922: 285 Description: Similar to B. aspericollis. 4.2-5.6x1.8-2.2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908). Bradymerus scotti Gebien, 1922 Bradymerus scotti Gebien 1922: 282 Description: As B. aspericollis but elongately oval, prothorax more distinctly narrowed posteriorly, head angled at front. 6.4-8.5 x 3.0-4.8mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1909). Bradymerus seychellensis Gebien, 1922 Bradymerus seychellensis Gebien 1922: 284

195

Description: As B. aspericollis except elongately oval, prothorax not narrowed posteriorly. 7.0-9.0x2.9-3.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1908), Felicite (1908). Cacoplesia viriditincta Champion, 1917 Cacoplesia viriditincta Champion 1917: 163 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Esprit 1908) Description: Oblong-oval (at least twice as longer than wide). Subglabrous; brown with green or golden-green suffusion, especially on the head. Length 7.5-8.5mm ‘Cacoplesia’ annulipes Champion, 1917 Cacoplesia annulipes Champion 1917: 164 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9) Description: Oblong-oval (2.3 times as long as wide). Head and eyes small. Head and prothorax dull, elytra shiny; dull reddish brown head, prothorax and antennal bases; antennae black; elytra and legs brown. Length 3.5-4.0mm Champion (1917) suggested that this is not a true Cacoplesia. Camarothelops braueri Kolbe, 1910 Camarothelops braueri Kolbe 1910: 31. Gebien 1922: 318 Description: Abdomen globular, pointed at tip, strongly ridged. Prothorax rounded. Shiny black; antennae and tarsi reddish. 7.5x4.0mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1894, 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above 1894, 1908). Many specimens collected from palm litter in dry areas. Camarothelops scotti Gebien, 1922 Camarothelops scotti Gebien 1922: 319 Description: As C. braueri but more coarsely ridged and anterior margin of prothorax angled. 7.5-8.3x3.7-4.1mm Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), Silhouette (lower Jardin Marron 2006), Aldabra (Anse Mais, Dune Jean Louis 2005-6). Cryphaeus capreolus Fairmaire, 1869 Cryphaeus capreolus Gebien 1922: 307 Description: Flattened oval; antennae clubbed; pale brown. 8.0-10.5mm. Distribution: Comores – Mahé (Mamelles, Cascade 1894, 1908), Long (1908), Silhouette (coastal to 500m 1908), Praslin (1905), Fregate (1999). Cylindrosia foveifrons Gebien, 1922 Cylindrosia foveifrons Gebien 1922: 291 Description: Elongate, cylindrical. Prothorax rounded anteriorly; elytra ridged. Dull black. 5.1-5.6mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Mt. Sebert 1906, 1908). Diphyrrhynchus (Neoabantis) effeminatus Gebien, 1922 Diphyrrhynchus (Neoabantis) effeminatus Gebien 1922: 269 Description: Elongate, parallel. 5.0-5.4x2.2-2.5mm

196

Distribution: Endemic – Long (1908), Bird (1908), Assumption (1908), Aldabra (Picard, Michel 1908-9). Diphyrrhynchus (Neoabantis) fryeri Gebien, 1922 Diphyrrhynchus (Neoabantis) fryeri Gebien 1922: 271 Description: Elongately oval; head, prothorax and elytra conﬂuent. Elytra ridged. 6.2-7.1mm Distribution: Africa – Aldabra (Picard, Michel 1908) Enicmosoma punctum Gebien, 1922 Enicmosoma punctum Gebien 1922: 313 Description: Elongately oval. Prothorax rounded, narrowed posteriorly. Surface dull with irregular punctures. Brown. 1.4-2.0mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud 1908), Silhouette (Pt. Etienne, Mare aux Cochons and above 1908). An unidentiﬁed species has been collected from Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908), this is similar to E. punctum but has larger eyes (Gebien 1922). Epiphaleria pallida Lewis, 1894 Phaleria attenuata Kolbe 1910 Epiphaleria pallida Gebien 1922: 274 Description: Oval. Prothorax smooth, elytra ridged. Tibiae distally expanded with a lateral row of short comb-like spines. Reddish brown to black. 6.0mm Distribution: Asia – Mahé (coastal 1908), Long (1908), Bird (1908), Aldabra (Picard, Grande Terre 2005-6). Eutochia pulla Erichson, 1843 Eutochia pulla Gebien 1922: 305 Description: Oval. Prothorax ﬁnely punctures, elytra with rows of deep punctures. Shiny black. 8-9mm Distribution: Palaeotropical – Mahé (1905), Silhouette (coastal 1908), Praslin (1908). Gnathelops chatayi Gebien, 1922 Gnathelops chatayi Gebien 1922: 321 Gnathelops chatayi var. pallidus Gebien 1922: 322 Gnathelops chatayi pedestris Gebien 1922: 322 Description: Parallel sided; prothorax widened anteriorly; shiny reddish black with a metallic tint; appendages yellowish. Elytra with rows of ﬁne punctures. On Mahé var. pallidus is light brown with the last 4 antennal segments black. On Praslin subspecies pedestris is more coarsely punctured. 3.7-6.5x1.3-2.6mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, above Port Glaud, Cascade, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons and above, lower Jardin Marron 1908, 2006). In Phoenicophorium borsigianum leaves (Gebien 1922) on Praslin (ssp. pedestris – Vallee de Mai 1908). Common in 1908-9. Gonocephalum alticola Chatanay, 1914 seychellense Ferrer, 2000 Gonocephalum simplex (ex errore) Gebien 1922: 275 Gonocephalum alticola seychellense Ferrer 2000: 106 Description: Elongately oval; head, thorax and elytra conﬂuent. Anterior margins of prothorax extend around head. Lent 6mm.

197

Distribution: African species, subspecies endemic to the Western Indian Ocean – Mahé (Mammelles, Anse a la Mouche, Cascade, Mamelles 1894, 1909, 1972), Silhouette (coastal, Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (1908), Fregate (1905), Bird (1908), Dennis (1908, 2003). Specimens from the Amirantes (Remire, Desroches, D’Arros) and Coetivy collected in 1905 (Gebien 1922) may be referable to G. simplex aldabraense. Similar to G. simplex, shinier. Gonocephalum peregrinum (Kolbe, 1902) Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Aldabra (1892). Gonocephalum micantipenne (Fairmaire, 1893) Hopatrum micantipenne Fairmaire 1893 Gonocephalum micantipenne Fairmaire 1893: 324. Kolbe 1910:.Gebien 1922: 275 Description: Oblong, moderately convex. Shiny blackish brown with brown pubescence. Elytra shiny with longitudinal striae. Length 6mm Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Mahé (1909), Cerf (1894), Long (1908), Silhouette (coastal, Mt. Pot a Eau 1908), Praslin (1905, 1908), Bird (1908), Dennis (1908), Coetivy (1905), Aldabra (uncertain record). Gonocephalum simplex (Fabricius , 1801) aldabraense Ferrer, 2000 Gonocephalum micans Kolbe 1902: 578 Gonocephalum simplex aldabraense Ferrer 2000: 92 Description: Oval-oblong, moderately convex. Shiny blackish red-brown with ﬁne brown pubescence. Elytra shiny with longitudinal striae. Length 6mm Distribution: African species, endemic subspecies – Aldabra (Picard, Grande Terre, Michel 1908-9, 1968, 2005). Specimens recorded by Gebien (1922) as G. simplex from the southern atolls may belong to this form (Farquhar 1905, Astove 1907, Cosmoledo 1907). Heterophyllus atomus Gebien, 1922 Heterophyllus atomus Gebien, 1922: 293 Description: Very slender. Brown with yellow appendages. 1.0x0.7mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Mahena cuprea Gebien, 1922 Mahena cuprea Gebien 1922: 317 Description: Flattened, elongately elliptical. Prothorax angled anteriorly, glossy; elytra strongly ridged. Brown with a metallic sheen. 4.4-4.6x2.4mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Blanc 1908). An unidentiﬁed genus close to Mahena has been collected from Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) (Gebien 1922). Microcrypticus variegatus Kolbe, 1833 Microcrypticus variegatus Gebien 1922: 280 Description: Oval; thorax and elytra conﬂuent. Shiny, elytra ﬁnely punctured. Reddish brown with two yellow or orange patches on elytra. 3.5mm Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Aldabra (Grande Terre 1908, 2005).

198

Opatropis blairi Gebien, 1922 Opatropis blairi Gebien 1922: 276

Description: Tibiae distally expanded, ﬁrst tarsomere with lateral projection. 7.5-8.3 x 3.4-3.7mm Distribution: Africa, Comoros – Astove (1907). Palorus mahenus Gebien, 1922 Palorus mahenus Gebien, 1922 Description: Elongately oval, widest anteriorly. Prothorax and elytra conﬂuent. Prothorax extends anteriorly either side of head. Prothorax punctured, elytra with rows of punctures. Light reddish brown. 2.0mm Distribution: Endemic – Long (1908). Found in rotten wood associated with the ant Pheidole punctulata (Gebien 1922). Palorus praslinensis Gebien, 1922 Palorus praslinensis Gebien 1922: 304 Description: Cylindrical. Shiny brown. 2.4mm Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Known only from the holotype. Platydema inaequidens (Fairmaire, 1880) seychellarum Gebien, 1922 Platydema inaequidens seychellarum Gebien 1922: 292 Description: Oval; head, prothorax and elytra conﬂuent. Elytra ﬁnely ridged. Shiny black. 3.64.1mm. Distribution: Africa, Madagascar species, endemic subspecies – Mahé (Cascade, Mamelles 1894, 1908), Long (1908), Silhouette (forest at 500m 1908). Plesioderes madagascariensis Mulsant, 1859 Plesioderes madagascariensis Gebien 1922: 278 Description: Oval; head, prothorax and elytra conﬂuent. Prothorax irregularly punctured, elytra with ﬁne rows of punctures and ridges. Tiba I distally expanded, male tiba slender with a distinct additional medial expansion, female tibia broader, medial expansion less distinct. 5.0mm Distribution: Madagascar – Long (1908), Recifs (1908), Remire (1905), Desroches (1905), Aldabra (Picard 1895, 1908-9), Assumption (2005) Pseudhadrus braueri Kolbe, 1910 Pseudhadrus braueri Kolbe 1910: 33. Gebien 1922: 308. Description: Oval, ﬂattened; elytra strongly ridged; a wide ﬂange around thorax and elytra. Legs short. Brown. 15.6-18.0mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mon Plaisir, 1894, 1908, 2006). Pseudhadrus seriatus Kolbe, 1910 Pseudhadrus seriatus Kolbe 1910: 32. Gebien 1922: 308 Description: As P. braueri but smaller and more coarsely ridged. 11.0-15.5mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade, Morne Seychellois, summit of Mt. Anse Major 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons, Jardin Marron 1894, 1908, 2006). Pulposipes herculeanus Solier, 1848 Pulposipes herculeanus Solier 1848: 262. Gebien 1922: 311 Dysceladus tuberculatus Walker 1875: 412

199

Description: The largest Seychelles Tenebrionidae. Abdomen globular, elytra fused, tubercular. 25.0-31.3mm. Distribution: Endemic? – Fregate (ﬁrst recorded 1905). Historically possibly present on Round Island, Mauritius. Rhipidandrus speculifrons (Gebien, 1922) Cherostus speculifrons Gebien 1922: 288 Description: Cylindrical. Prothorax quadrangular, punctured; elytra ﬁnely ridged. Dull blackish brown. 2.3-2.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Long (1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Collected in large numbers in 1908, some from fungus. Tagalus cavifrons (Fairmaire, 1893) Tagalus cavifrons Gebien 1921: 295 Description: Cylindrical, parallel sided. Prothorax quadrangular, punctured; elytra strongly ridged. Tibiae toothed. 2.1-4.0mm Distribution: Asia – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Tribolium castaneum Gebien 1922: 302 Description: Elongate, parallel sided. Elytra strongly ridged. Dark reddish to blackish brown. 7-10mm. Distribution: Cosmopolitan, introduced – Mahé (Morne Blanc 1908), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux cochons 1908). One specimen bred from Campnosperma seychellarum wood (Gebine 1921). Tyrtaeus singularis Grouvelle, 1918 Tyrtaeus singularis Grouvelle 1918: 26 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Trois Freres- Morne Seychellois 1908) Uloma crenatostriata Fairmaire, 1868 Uloma crenatostriata Kolbe 1910. Gebien 1922: 296 Description: Elongately oval, parallel sided. Prothorax conﬂuent with elytra, punctured; elytra strongly ridged. Blackish brown, appendages reddish. 7.5-9.0mm Distribution: Africa – Mahé (Cascade 1894, 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons, Mt. Dauban 1908). Uloma scita Walker, 1858 Uloma scita Gebien 1922: 299 Distribution: Asia – Seychelles (no locality – two specimens labelled by Merian in Berlin Museum; Gebien 1922). Zidalus attenuatus (Klug , 1833) Opatrinus attenuatus Gebien 1922: 273 Description: Oval, coarsely punctured; black. 10mm. Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Cosmoledo (1907), Aldabra (Takamaka 1907)

200

Zidalus insularis (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) Opatrinus insularis Gebien 1922: 273 Description: Oval, coarsely punctured; black. 10mm. Distribution: Africa, Madagascar – Mahé (Victoria 1908). References Champion, G.C. 1917 Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187 Fairmaire, L.M.H. 1893. Coléoptères des îles Comores. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 37: 521-555 Grouvelle, A. 1918 Coleoptera: Ostomidae, Monotomidae, Colydiidae and Notiophygidae from the Seychelles and Aldabra Islands. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1918): 1-57 Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin. 5: 1-49 Watt, J.C. 1974 A revised subfamily classiﬁcation of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). New Zealand J. Zool. 1: 381-452 OEDEMERIDAE (false blister beetles) Oedemeridae (‘false blister beetles’ or ‘pollen-feeding beetles’) comprise some 1,500 species. Most species have larvae that feed on rotten wood, adults are mainly pollen feeders found on vegetation. They are slender, soft-bodied beetles with ﬁliform antennae. The adults are often brightly coloured and have chemical defences in the form of cantharidin. None of the Seychelles species are aposematic. Five species have been recorded from Seychelles, the family was ﬁrst recorded in the islands in 1893 but without identiﬁcation (Kolbe 1895). All ﬁve species appear to be regional endemics. Key: 1. Shiny thorax, pale brown Dull thorax, pale or dark brown 2. At least 10mm long, robust, Less than 11mm long, thorax with 2 dark spots, 3. Pale brown, 8-12mm Pale brown with 2 spots on thorax, 7mm Brown, 8-10mm

2 3 Oxacis grisescens Oxacis striola Ananca aldabrana Ananca submarginata Ananca scabripennis

Ananca aldabrana Champion, 1917 Ananca aldabrana Champion 1917: 170 Distribution: Endemic? – Aldabra (1908-9, 2005). There are three specimens in the BM(NH) from Round island, this may be Round island, Mauritius, rather than either of the Seychelles islands of that name. Description: Densely punctured, elytra ridged. Pale to dark brown. Length: 8-12mm. Ananca scabripennis Champion, 1917 Ananca scabripennis Champion 1917 Distribution: Indian Ocean (Christmas island) – Mahé (1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (1908). All coastal. Description: Sparsely punctured. Brown. Length: 8-10mm

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Ananca submarginata Champion, 1917 Ananca submarginata Champion 1917: 171 Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Takamaka 1908) Description: Slender. Shiny, ﬁnely pubescent. Pale brown with blackish oblong lateral spots on prothorax and indistinct submarginal stripes on elytra. Length: 7mm. Oxacis grisescens (Fairmaire, 1897) Ananca grisescens Fairmaire 1897: 119 Oxacis grisescens Champion 1917: 168 Distribution: Endemic? – Mahé (1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (1908), Felicite (1908), Bird (1905), Desroches (2006). All records are coastal. There is a specimen in the BM(NH) from Round island in 1870, this may be Round island, Mauritius, rather than either of the Seychelles islands of that name. Description:- Finely punctured and pubescent; thorax shiny. Pale brown. Length: 10-12mm Oxacis striola (Fairmaire, 1895) Oxacis lineola Champion 1917: 169 Oxacis striola Champion 1924: 295 Distribution: Madagascar – Aldabra (1908). Description: Shiny with ﬁne pubescence; pale brown; prothorax with a narrow medina line and usually with a lateral oblong spot. A spot may be present between the eyes; elytra darker. Length: 7-10.5mm References Champion, G.C. 1917. Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187 Champion, G.C. 1924. Coleoptera from the Seychelles: Lampyridae, Helodidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, and supplement to Cleridae. Trans. Entomol. Soc. 1923 (3-4): 295-304. Fairmaire, M.L. 1897. Matériaux pour la Faune coléoptérique de la région Malgache. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 41 Family ANTHICIDAE The Anticidae (ant-like ﬂower beetles) comprise 3,000 species. They are mostly elongate species with a distinct neck formed by a constriction of the head near the pronotum. Antennae are slender. They are omnivores, feeding on of small arthropods, fungi and pollen. Three species has been identiﬁed from Seychelles, at least two others have been collected but not identiﬁed. Two are endemic members of the genus Eurygenius (included by Champion [1917] in the Pyrochroidae). Large larvae resembling Anthicidae are commonly found in the axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum and Pandanus spp., but adults have not been collected in upland areas recently. These may be Eurygenis even though they are considerably bigger than the adults (15-20mm), however the only Eurgeniinae larva known to date is from a Nearctic species and a comparison is difﬁcult. Key: 1.

Antennae slightly thickened terminally; neck narrower than half head width Anthicinae 2 Antennae ﬁliform; neck more than half head width Eurygeniinae 4

202 2. 3. 4.

Elongate, 4-6.5mm Oval, <4mm Reddish brown with pale markings, 3mm Black, <2mm Shiny black Dull black

Sapintus oceanicus 3

Anthicidae sp. 1 Anthicidae sp. 2 Eurygenius fragilicornis Eurygenius convexicollis

Eurygenius fragilicornis Champion, 1917 Eurygenius fragilicornis Champion 1917: 174 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Seychellois 1909). Collected from “dense low growth of native ferns and shrubs” (Champion 1917). Description: Coarsely punctured elytra, shiny. Bronzy blackish. Length: 6mm Eurygenius convexicollis Champion, 1917 Eurygenius convexicollis Champion 1917: 175 Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (1908) Description: Coarsely punctured elytra, dull. Blackish, scutellum reddish. Length: 6mm Sapintus oceanicus (Laferté, 1849) Anthicus oceanicus Pic 1894: 668. Alluaud 1900: 487. Kolbe 1910: 27. Champion 1917: 174 Distribution: Indo-Paciﬁc – Silhouette (Grande Barbe 2000), Aride (2000), Bird (1908), also collected by Alluaud in 1892 from underneath seaweed at an unspeciﬁed locality (Pic 1894). A coastal species found mainly in sand and under seaweed. Description: Elongate; thorax rounded to pentagonal; elytra parallel sided. Coarsely punctured with sparse long pubescence. Shiny dark brown, elytra reddish brown, may have pale patches. Length 4-6.5mm Anthicidae sp. 1 Distribution: Silhouette (La Passe 1999) Description: Oval; thorax rounded, distinctly narrower than elytra; elytra convex. Finely punctured. Reddish brown, head dark. Elytra pale reddish brown with two ochre spots on each elytron. Length 3mm. Anthicidae sp. 2 Distribution: Ave Maria (2004) Description: Oval. Dull black. Length 1.8mm References Alluaud, C. 1900: Liste des Insectes Coléoptères de la Region Malgache. In: Grandidier, A. (ed.): Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar 21. Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères 1 Texte 1: V-VIII, 509 pp. Champion, G.C. 1917 Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187 Kolbe, H.J. 1910 Die Coleopterenfauna der Seychellen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.5: 1-49 Pic, M. 1894 Ann. Soc. Ent. France (1849): 668

203

Family ADERIDAE (=Xylophilidae) Aderids are elongate, ﬂattened beetles with a narrow pronotum and the head constricted behind the eyes. They are foliage inhabiting as adults, with larvae in leaf litter or rotten wood. Some species inhabit termite nests. Four species have been recorded in Seychelles. Key 1. Pubescence yellow Pubescence with grey patches Pubescence dark

Aderus torticornis Aderus clavicornis Aderus seychellarum

Aderus sp. One specimen belonging to this genus was collected on Silhouette (Mt. Corgat – Mt. Cocos Marrons 2000), identiﬁed by M. Ivie. This may belong to one of the following species. Aderus torticornis (Champion, 1917) Xylophilus torticornis Champion 1917: 176 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Mare aux Cochons 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or estate 1908) Description: Moderately shiny, black with yellowish pubescence. Antennae distinctly constricted at segments 6-8. Length: 1-1.5mm Aderus clavicornis (Champion, 1917) Xylophilus clavicornis Champion 1917: 177 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (1908-9), Silhouette (1908), Praslin (1908). Mostly from high forest and reputedly scarce on Praslin (Champion 1917). Description: Moderately shiny. Blackish with patches of grey pubescence. Slender antennae, 2nd segment broad, legs variegated. Length: 1-1.5mm Aderus seychellarum (Champion, 1917) Xylophilus seychellarum Champion 1917: 178 Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (1908-9), Silhouette (1908). Recorded from sea level to high forest. Description: Moderately shiny. Blackish. Eyes notably large. Length: 1.25-1.5mm References Champion, G.C. 1917 Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 110: 161-187 Family CHRYSOMELIDAE Chrysomelids are a diverse family of phytophagous beetles, ranging from ‘pea-weevils’ to ‘tortoise-beetles’. The antennae are often ﬁliform but vary, body shape may be hemispherical, globular, oval or elongate. They may be pests of store produce and tubers or foliage grazers. They are often shiny and brightly coloured, often with metallic reﬂections.

204

Key to Seychelles subfamilies 1. Head hypognathous with frons sloping posteriorly or with elytra with short spines or teeth, if prognathous with antennal bases close, eyes emarginate 4 Head prognathous, frons sloping anteriorly, if hypognathous antennal bases widely separated, eyes emarginate, elytra not spinose 2 2. Head strongly deﬂexed, short rostrum; head constricted with a distinct neck Bruchinae Head may be deﬂexed but lacks a rostrum; head sunk into prothorax 3 3. Antennal bases close (separated by <2.5 time their diameter) 5 Antennal bases widely separated Eumolpinae 4. Pronotum and elytra rarely with broad marginal expansions; body slender; head exposed Hispinae Pronotum and elytra with broad marginal expansions, often covering head Cassidinae 5. Hind leg with femur narrow, not modiﬁed for jumping Galerucinae Hind leg with femur enlarged for jumping Alticinae Subfamily Alticinae Alticinae are ‘ﬂea-beetles’, sometimes combined with the Galerucinae. Recent material was identiﬁed by M. Biondi. Key 1. Very strongly punctured thorax 2 Thorax smooth 4 2. Head distinctly shorter than thorax 3 Head as long as thorax 8 3. Uniform brown Pratima variabilis 2 transverse red brown stripes on elytra Pratima costata 4. Length = 2 x width 5 Length >2 x width, head black Longitarsus gardineri 5. Appendages distinctly brown 7 Appendages blackish 6 6. Finely punctured elytra Bikasha tenuipunctata Strongly punctured elytra Bikasha fortipunctata 7. Shiny black with brown appendages Biaksha minor Dark brown, appendages light brown except for blackish hind femorae Aphthona sp. 8. Hind tibiae dorsal margin unidentate Chaetocnema 9 Hind tibiae with bidentate dorsal margin Seychellaltica 10 Chaetocnema sundara 9. Bases of antennae and legs brownish yellow Uniform black Chaetocnema conﬁnis 10. Dorsally yellowish brown, elytra narrow, subparallel Seychellaltica mahensis Dorsally brown, elytra wide, laterally rounded 11 Seychellaltica gardineri 11. 8th antennal segment dark; elytra interstriae subcarinae 12 8th antennal segment yellowish; elytra interstriae ﬂat of subconvex Seychellaltica praslinensis 12. <2.1mm; 1st male tarsomere narrow Seychellaltica krishna >2.1mm; 1st male tarsomere wide Aphthona sp. Distribution: North (marsh edge 2000), identiﬁcation by M. Biondi.

205

Bikasha fortipunctata Maulik, 1931 Bikasha fortipunctata Maulik 1931: 258 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny black with bronzy to purplish tint. Length 2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908), Praslin (Cote d’Or 1908). Biaksha minor Maulik, 1931 Biaksha minor Maulik 1931: 259 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny black; appendages dark brown. Length 1.5mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Anse aux Pins – Anse Royale 1909), Dennis (1908). Bikasha tenuipunctata Maulik, 1931 Bikasha tenuipunctata Maulik 1931: 257 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny black; appendages dark brown, posterior femorae black. Length 2.3-2.5mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Cascade 1909), Silhouette (Mare aux cochons 1908), Aldabra (1907, 2005). Chaetocnema conﬁnis Crotch, 1873 Description: Oblong-ovate. Black or blackish brown. Length 2.5mm Distribution: Introduced – Silhouette (La Passe 2000-7), Aride (1999). Widespread through the tropics due to introduction and wind dispersal of pathenogenetic females. It is associated with Convolvulaceae, especially Ipomoea; in Seychelles it has been recorded on I. pes-caprae. Chaetocnema sundara Maulik, 1931 Chaetocnema sundara Maulik 1931: 252 Description: Ovate. Bronzy; legs and basal half of antennae yellowish-brown. Length 1.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Anse aux Pins – Anse Royale 1909). Known only from the holotype. Longitarsus gardineri Maulik, 1931 Longitarsus gardineri Maulik 1931: 259 Description: Oblong. Pale brown, head black, pronotum reddish. Length 2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Providence (Cerf 1905). Collected from Tournefortia argentea plants (Maulik 1931). Pratima costata Maulik, 1931 Pratima costata Maulik 1931: 255

Description: Oblong, coarsely punctured. Pale to dark brown, vertex dark, elytra with dark redbrown basal triangle and angled medial band. Length 2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908). Pratima variabilis Maulik, 1931 Pratima variabilis Maulik 1931: 253 Description: Oblong, very coarsely punctured. Pale to dark brown or blackish; vertex darker; elytra and medial with triangular basal patches of red-brown. Length 1.8-2.5mm, males smaller than females. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908).

206

Seychellaltica gardineri Biondi, 2002 Chaetocnema mahensis (partim) Maulik 1931: 250 Chaetocnema krishna (partim) Maulik 1931: 251 Seychellaltica gardineri Biondi 2002: 360 Description: Elongate-ellipctial, moderately convex. Anterior tibiae of males enlarged. Light brown dorsally, reddish ventrally. Length 2.2-2.3mm Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau 1908) Seychellaltica krishna (Maulik, 1931) Chaetocnema krishna Maulik 1931: 251 Seychellaltica Krishna Biondi 2002: 360 Description: Elongate-elliptical, moderately convex. Reddish brown to blackish brown. Length 2.3-2.5mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, Trois Freres, Morne Seychellois, Cascade, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908). Seychellaltica mahensis (Maulik, 1931) Chaetocnema mahensis Maulik 1931: 250 Seychellaltica mahensis Biondi 2002: 360 Description: Oblong. Yellowish brown with blackish longitudinal stripes on elytra; legs and antennae brown, apex of antennae black. Some individuals are reddish on head and prothorax. Length 2.2-2.5mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (above Port Glaud, Morne Blanc, Trois Freres – Morne Seychellois, Mont Sebert, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9). Seychellaltica praslinensis Biondi, 2002 Chaetocnema krishna (partim) Maulik 1931: 251 Seychellaltica praslinensis Biondi 2002: 363 Description: Elongate-elliptical, moderately convex. Reddish brown. Length 1.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Praslin (Vallee de Mai 1908). Subfamily Bruchinae Bruchinae (‘pea-weevils’) feed on pollen; larvae are seed predators, mostly of Fabales, pupating inside the seed capsules. Key 1.

Antennae serrate from 5th segment, eyes not emarginate, pronotum angular, hind femur with large basal spine and 10-13 smaller denticles, >8mm, oblong Pachmerus gonager Antennae not serrate, eyes deeply emarginate around antennae, pronotum semicircular, Spermophagus convolvuli hind femur slender, without spines, <5mm, oval

Pachymerus gonager (Fabricius, 1798) Pachymerus gonager Maulik 1913a: 146 Distribution: Pantropical – Mahe (Victoria 1908). Elsewhere a seed predator (Tamarindus, Cassia) Spermophagus convolvuli (Thunberg, 1816) Spermophagus convolvuli Maulik 1913a: 147 Distribution: Asia – Aldabra (1908). Reared from fruit of Evolvulus alsinoides

207

Subfamily Cassidinae Cassidines feed on eudicotyledons, the larvae are conspicuous and spiny. Adults are tortoise beetles. Key: 1. Oval. Green, yellow or black Angular, subquadrangular. Green 2. Black and yellow or orange Shiny green

2. Notosacantha lila Chiridopsis leopardina Aspidomorpha apicalis

Aspidomorpha apicalis (Klug, 1833) Cassida subeuropaea var lutea Fairmaire 1896: 224 Cassida subeuropaea Kolbe 1902: 584 Aspidomorpha apicalis Maulik 1917: 146 Description: Oval, convex. Shiny green, coarsely punctured. 5-8mm Distribution: Madagascar – Mahe (Cascade 1909), Aldabra (Picard 1892, 1971-2). On Mahé recorded from Ipomoea batatas in cultivation. Chiridopsis leopardina (Bohemann, 1855) Coptocycla leopardina Farmaire 1893: 525. Maulik 1913a: 146 Description: Oval, convex. Elytra strongly punctured. Black with yellow to orange margins, some specimens have a series of light spots on elytra and prothorax. Length 5-6mm Distribution: Madagascar – ‘Seychelles’ (1892). Only once recorded in Seychelles, possibly not established. Notosacantha lila (Arrow, 1924) Holpionota lila Maulik 1917: 144 Notosacantha lila Borowiec 1999: 16 Description: Quadrate, convex, highest at posterior 1/3 of elytra. Coarsely punctured. Green, orange-red underside. 5.0x4.5mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahe (Cascade 1908), Silhouette (La Passe 2005). Subfamily Eumolpinae Eumolpinae feed on leaves, ﬂowers or fruit as adults, the white subterranean larvae feed on roots. Key: 1. 2 3.

4.

Hairy Smooth At least twice as long as wide Less than twice as long as wide Brown with black edges Brown with paler elytra Reddish brown Strongly punctured elytra Elytra punctured in only front half

Eka nigra 2 3 4

Rhyparidula insularis Keeta aldabrana Keeta fryeri Rhyparida seychellensis Rhyparida scotti

208

Eka nigra Maulik, 1931 Eka nigra Maulik 1931: 244 Description: Oblong-ovate, white pubescence. Black with a purplish tint in light, antennal bases and limbs brown. Length 1.8mm. Distribution: Endemic – Silhouette (lowland 1908). Known only from the holotype. Keeta aldabrana Maulik, 1931 Keeta aldabrana Maulik 1931: 246 Description: Oblong. Shiny brown, head and pronotum dark with bronzy tint. Length 3.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Takamaka, Michel, Picard 1908, 2005). Keeta fryeri Maulik, 1931 Keeta fryeri Maulik 1931: 247 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny reddish brown. Length 3.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Picard, Grande Terre 1908, 1971-2, 2005). Rhyparidula insularis Maulik, 1931 Rhyparidula insularis Maulik 1931: 248 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny dark brown with dark patch in centre of pronotum, bronzy black margins of pronotum and elytra; apical 4-5 antennal segments blackish. Length 3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Aldabra (Picard, Takamaka 1907-8, 1971-2). Rhyparida scotti Maulik, 1931 Rhyparida scotti Maulik 1931: 243 Description: Broad. Brown to black, lacking metallic sheen. Elytra edged black. 3.0x1.5mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Morne Pilot, above Port Glaud, Mare aux Cochons, Morne Seychellois, Cascade 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Pot a Eau, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9). Collected in large numbers in 1908-9. Rhyparida seychellensis Maulik, 1931 Rhypardia seychellensis Maulik 1931: 242 Description: Broad. Shiny brown with bronzy sheen. Head darker, antennal bases brown. 3.5x2mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Blanc, Cascade 1908-9). Subfamily Galerucinae Galerucinae feed mainly on eudicots, adults making small holes in leaves. They are able to sequester plant toxins and many are aposematic. The larvae are usually stem and leaf-miners or root eaters. Diacantha unifasciata (Olivier, 1808) Diacantha unifasciata Maulik 1931: 249 Description: Oblong-ovate. Shiny, elytra bronzy bluish-green with a medial brown band (extending to tip in female); suture and margins metallic, often with purple reﬂections. Length 3-4mm Distribution: Madagascar – Mahé (Cascade 1905, 1908-9), Silhouette (coastal, high forest, Mare aux Cochons 1906-9).

209

Subfamily Hispinae The Hispinae are elongate beetles, the Seychelles species being specialised inhabitants of palm axils. They are close to the Cassidinae and may not form distinct subfamilies, despite the widely differing morphologies of the two groups. Key 1.

Black Black with pale markings

Nesohispa lambacrias Rhabdotohispa scotti

Nesohispa lambacrias Maulik, 1913 Nesohispa lambacrias Maulik 1913b: 239 Description: Elongate, head projecting between eyes and antennae, limbs stout. Black . Length 8.2-9.3mm. Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Pilot, Cascade, Mt. Sebert 1908-9), Silhouette (Mt. Dauban 2000). From leaves and axils of Phoenicophorium borsigianum and Roscheria melanochaetes palms. Rhabdotohispa scotti Maulik, 1913 Rhabdotohispa scotti Maulik 1913b: 241 Description: Oblong, parallel sided, stout. Tarsi distinctly dilated. Elytra with lattice of ridges. Black with irregular paler patches. Length 3.8-4.3mm Distribution: Endemic – Mahé (Morne Pilot, Mare aux Cochons 1908-9). Found on leaves of Phoenicophorium borsigianum and Roscheria melanochaetes palms. References Biondi, M. 2002 Chaetocnema Stephens and related genera: a systematic revision, with description of a new genus from the Indian Ocean (Seychelles) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Itali. Journ. Zool. 69: 22-33. Borowiec, L. 1999 A world catalogue of the Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biologica Silesiae, Wrocaw (1999): 1-476. Jacoby, M. & Clavareau, H. 1904 Coleoptera Phytophaga Fam. Crioceridae. In: Wystman, P. (ed) Genera Insectorum Fasc. 32. P. Wysman, Brussels. 87pp. Maulik, S. 1913a. Cryptostomes of the Indian Museum. Rec. Ind. Mus. Calcutta 9: 105-118. Maulik, S. 1913b Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae: Hispinae of the Seychelles. Trans Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 16: 237-242 Maulik, S. 1917 Cassidinae and Bruchidae from Seychelles islands and Aldabra. Ann. Nat. Hist. London (8) 19: 144-146. Maulik, S. 1931 Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae, Galerucinae and Halticinae. Trans Linn. Soc. Lond. (2 Zool.) 19: 241-260

Species Family DYTISCIDAE Copelatus aldabricus Copelatus gardineri Copelatus pandanorum Cybister tripunctatus africanus Eretes griseus Hydaticus servillianus Hydroglyphus capitatus Hydroglyphus farquharensis Hydrovatus acuminatus Hyphydrus impressus Laccophilus addendus Laccophilus posticus Uvarus rivulorum Uvarus sechellensis Family ELMIDAE Microlara mahensis Family GYRINIDAE Dineutus subspinosus Family HETEROCERIDAE Heterocerus vulpes Family HYDRAENIDAE Hydraena mahensis Family HYDROPHILIDAE Berosus bergrothi

Range (km2) 150 1000 900 150 150 40000 1500 50 80000 150 150 150 150 920 100 10 150 300 500

Islands 1 6 3 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 2

DD LC

mountain steams high altitude marsh fresh-water streams

<1 <1 <10

10

10

DD

VU

VU

DD LC DD LC LC LC DD DD LC DD DD DD DD LC aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic aquatic

<10 5 20 <10 <10 5 <10 5 10 <10 <10 <10 <10 5

Habitat

Area

Seychelles Red List

Red Listing Red List status of the indigenous and endemic species was determined using IUCN Red List Criteria . Abbreviations DD – data deﬁcient; NT – near threatened; LC – Least Concern; VU – Vulnerable; EN – Endangered; CR – Critically Endangered; Ex – Extinct. Only native species are listed, endemic species are shown in bold type.

210

Species Berosus nudicollis Berosus bidenticulatus Berosus cuspidatus Berosus inermis Bourdonnaisia mahensis Bourdonnaisia silhouettae Cercyon conjiciens Cercyon fructicola Cercyon laticollis Cercyon nigriceps Chasmogenus mollis Coelostoma punctulatum Coelostoma rusticum Dactylosternum abdominale Dactylosternum pygmaeum Enochrus natalensis Helochares nigrifrons Helochares sechellensis Paracymus alluaudianus Paromicrus atomus Paromicrus carinatus Paromicrus thomasseti Paroosternum degayanum Regimbartia inﬂata Family LIMNICHIDAE Hyphalus crowsoni Hyphalus madli Family NOTERIDAE Canthydrus notula

Range (km2) 150 150 150 150 100 300 300 920 900 1 80000 <150 150 80000 500 40000 150 930 40000 920 900 900 300 150 150 5 150

Islands 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 1 3 1 1 5 1 6 1 4 6 5 3 3 2 1 1 1 1

intertidal intertidal stagnant water

<10

stagnant water

lowland stagnant coastal marshes. 0-600m 250-600m 0-600m

lowland

0-600m 300-600m

high forest high forest >300m >300m 0-400m

Habitat

100 5

10 5 50 50 100 1 10 <10 <10 100 20 100 <10 50 50 100 100 100 20 <10

Area <10 <10 <10 <10

DD

DD VU (D2)

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD EN (B2a,biii) CR (B2a,biii) DD DD LC DD LC DD DD LC DD LC DD LC LC DD DD DD DD DD

211

Species Neohydrocoptus subvittulus seychellensis Family SCIRTIDAE Cyphon biperforatus Cyphon insularius Cyphon mahensis Scirtes conﬁnis Scirtes ﬂavohumeralis Scirtes mahensis Scirtes seychellensis Family CARABIDAE Myriochile melancholica trilunaris Myriochila melancholica perplexa Abacetus gondati Argiloborus scotti Pachycallida rufoplagiata Casnoidea sp. Chlaenites allacteus Chlaenius bisignatus Notiobia diffusa Stenolophus concinuus Stenolophus laticolle Stenolophus trivitte Idiomelas fulvipes Elaphropus ascendens Eotachys euryphacus Liagonum fulvipes Pentagonica perrieri Perigona nigriceps Pheropsophus humeralis 600 10 300 100 300 920 5 500 1000 300 150 2 150 300 150 80000 10 150 150 150 40000 150 30 150 900 80000 500

2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 6 1

Range (km2)

Islands

200 0 150 2 150 10 150 500 5 150 150 150 10 150 5 150 10 20 500

5 50 10 20 50 5 5

20

Area

lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands lowlands 0-500m lowlands

stagnant water, 0-600m 150-600m 300-600m stagnant water, near coast stagnant water; near coast Stagnant water; 300-600m

300m.

Habitat stagnant water

LC EX LC EX? LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

DD LC DD DD LC LC LC

Seychelles Red List LC

212

Siopelus pulchellus Stenolophidius alluaudi Elaphropus bibula Paranillus insularis Tachys brevicornis Tachys impressipennis Tachys androyanus Tachys jucundulus Tachys sp. Tetragonoderus bilunatus Family HISTERIDAE Cylistosoma richteri Platylister tenuimargo Bacanius rombophorus Bacanius ambiguus Abraeomorphus atomarius Carcinops troglodytes Platylomalus alluaudi Platylomalus gardineri Eulomalus calciger Aeletes daubani Aeletes davidsoni Aeletes fryeri Halacritus algarum Saprinus erichsoni Hypocaccus brasiliensis

Species Platymetopus interpunctatus Siopelus pavoninus 500 150 80000 150 5 150 150 150 1 80000 10 920 10 900 10 700 700 300 300 20 300 800 930 800 80000

1 3 1 5 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 5 2 2

40000 80000

3 5 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 9

Range (km2)

Islands 160

10 30 10 100 10 100 100 10 50 10 10 20 10 15 5

200 160 150 10 150 10 150 150 150 1 20

170

Area

coastal

on beaches

500m 250-500m

0-400m 250-500m

subcortical? 0-500m 300m 0-700m 300m

300m lowlands coastal coastal coastal coastal

lowlands lowlands marshy lowlands

Habitat lowlands lowlands

DD LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC CR (B1a,biii) EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD

LC DD LC DD DD LC LC LC DD LC

Seychelles Red List LC LC

213

Species Superfamily Staphylinoidea Family PTILIIDAE Actinopteryx acuminata Actinopteryx rufescens Acrotrichis brunnea Acrotrichis ovatula Actidium lineare ‘Ptenidium’ reticulatum Ptiliodes pruinosus Ptiliolum casteum Ptiliolum rufotestaceum Ptinella concinna Ptinella impressicollis Ptinellodes aldabrica Throscidium testaceum Throscidium brunneum Family SCYDMAENIDAE Cephennium felicitas Euconnus senex Euconnus seychellensis Neseuthia cordithorax Neseuthia cornuta Neseuthia crenata Neseuthia minor Neseuthia perexigua Neseuthia typica Neseuthia polita Scydmaenus armatus Scydmaenus insularum

Range (km2)

10 1 300 5 1 5 10 500 5 5 300 150 500 300 2 300 800 5 10 100 300 800 300 10 920 920

Islands

2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 4 3 2 100 100 5 5 10 20 10 10 5 50 50

1 1 20 5 1 5 10 20 5 5 50 150 20 50

Area

DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

Seychelles Red List

300-700m 250-600m 400m 300m 500-900m 300-600m 0-600m 300-600m

lowlands

DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD Pheonicophorium borsigianum axils DD sea level to 600m. DD 250-900m DD

coastal coastal 300-700m 300m coastal 600m 500-600m 300-600m 400m 300m 500-900m lowlands 300-600m 300-600m

Habitat

214

5 300 300 930 800 10 10 930 5 5 300 920 920 1 5 10 10 930 300 5 920 10

? 920 930

1 2 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 1

? 3 3 1 2

Placusa insularis Edaphus africanus

5 300

Range (km2)

Islands

Species Scydmaenus lodoiceae Scydmaenus seychellensis Stenichnoteras montanum Family STAPHYLINIDAE Acrotona dilutipennis Acrotona ﬂavocephala Aleochara funesta Anebolura longicollis Anebolura minutissima Anebolura rudepunctata Anebolura sechellarum Anebolura tenuipunctata Anebolura tropica Atheta laeticollis ‘Bolitochara’ sp. Brundinia insulana Bryothinusa seychellensis Coenonica puncticollis Dalotia coriaria Diestota testacea Falagria coarcticollis Gyrophaena plicata Holobus chrysopyga Neosilusa tropica Paracyphea asperata Paracyphea maheana 5 10

10 20

?

20 10 5 10 5 5 5 10 20 20 1 5 10 10 200 20 5 50 5

5 10 10

Area

Phoenicophorium borsigianum

250-650m Pandanus and Phoenicophorium borsigianum

300m

300-650m coastal marsh

high forest 0-700m 250m 250m 500m 250-600m 500-605m coastal 500m lowland 500-600m

250-600m 0-300m 300m

Habitat Lodoicea maldivica 500-700m 800m

DD DD

DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD DD

Seychelles Red List DD DD VU (D2)

215

Species Edaphus sechellarum Edaphus spectabilis Paraphloeostiba seychellensis Allotrochus curticollis Arpagonus insularis Clavispinus exiguus Eleusis terminata Espeson peyrierasi Lispinodes scotti Lispinus aequalis Lispinus obscurellus Lispinus politulus Nacaeus castaneus Nacaeus robusticollis Nacaeus specularis Osorius sechellarum Thoracogonus caecus Thoracogonus peyrierasi Thoracophorus alluaudi Anotylus nitidifrons Bledius marinus Thinodromus palustris ‘Astenus melanariu ‘Astenus neglectus’ Astenus scotti Dibelonetes depressipennis Isocheilus duplicatus Medon cephalotes Medon microthorax

Range (km2) 300 700 10 10 27-920 600 500 10 5 10 300 600 <150 300 920 300 5 5 930 100-300 500 5 20 1 300 10 5 920 1

Islands 2 3 1 1 1-3 2 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 3 1-2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1? 20 1 20 5 5 20 1

20 10 5 10 20 10 10 10 5 10 20 10 <150 30 50 50 5 5 20 150 500

Area

Habitat

above tide-line >300m >500m. 300m >250m lowland

coastal coastal marshes

high forest 900m 900m 300-600m

0-500m 0-900m

0-300m 300m 0-500m 700m 500m 300m 0-700m

0-600m 100-500m >300m

Seychelles Red List LC LC LC DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD LC DD DD DD LC

216

Species Medon nigripennis Medon strigosus Medon testaceomarginatus Medon trapeziformis Medon variipennis Palaminus pennifer Rugilus ceylanensis Scopaeus sp. Scopaeus punctatellus Scopaeus aff. limbatus Sunius debilicornis Sunius testaceorufus Apheloplectus longicollis Apoplectus obesus Batraxis egregia Batraxis insularis Batrisodes caudatus Cerennea brevipennis Hughia carinata Hughia phantasma Neothesiastes scotti Octomicrus semipunctatus Omobathus elegans Sunorfa fasciculata Sunorfa bicolor Sunorfa nigripennis Sunorfa picea Sunorfa punctipennis Triomicrus seychellensis

Range (km2) 300 5-20 920 920 300 300 10 1 600 20 920 1 2 800 920 10 600 10 10 150 920 5 300 800 10 100 10 300 15

Islands 2 1-2 3 2 2 2 1 1 4 2 4 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 10 5 30 30 30 50 10 1 15 5 50 1 1 20 25 10 20 10 10 50 40 5 10 20 10 20 10 20 15

Area

Habitat >300m 250m >250m >250m >500m >300m 500m beach 1908 <300m coastal 0-700m in seaweed. lowland 250-300m >250m 300m 300-500m >600m >500m >300m 0-900m 500m 300-500m 0-400m >500m >500m >500m >300m >300m

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC LC DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC LC DD LC DD DD DD

217

Species Scaphobaeocera typica Scaphosoma achardianum Scaphosoma mahense Scaphosoma nigrofasciatum Scaphosoma silhouettae Toxidium praslinense Toxidium seychellense Atanygnathus piceus Caﬁus nauticus Diochus punctipennis Gabrius ﬁmbriolatus Gabrius oceanicus Leptacinus magniceps Philonthus dilutipes Philonthus lacustris Philonthus peliomerus Philonthus peregrinus Remus corallicola Stenus irroreus Stenus reticulatus silvicola Coproporus atomus Coproporus exul Coproporus heterocerus Coproporus marinus Coproporus minimus Coproporus tachyporoides Sepedophilus alluaudi Sepedophilus pedicularius Sepedophilus ruﬁventris

Range (km2) 920 300 10 900 10 5 300 930 900 300 300 10 10 10 500 10 300 900 500 300 920 10 930 100 920 5 930 100 930

Islands 3 2 1 3 1 1 2 4 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 1 2 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 4 10 20 5 30 5 5 20 20 5 10 50 5 5 10 500 10 50 50 500 50 100 10 50 20 100 5 50 20 100

Area

500m >250m 300-600m <700m

forest

0-600m >300m

>300m

forests lowland

Habitat >250m 0-600m 300m 0-500m coastal 300m 300-600m 0-600m beaches lowland mountain forests coastal 0-500m

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD LC DD DD DD LC DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD LC DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

218

300 80000 10 80000 300 300 1000 <150 40000 900 600 300 900 1000 80000 40000 40000 5 40000 12 500 300

2 4 1 2 2 3 6 1? 3 3 2 2 3 6 8 2 11 1 7 1 1 2 4 4 6

Perissosoma aenescens Perissosoma grande Adoretus versutus

80000 300 40000

Range (km2)

Islands

Species Family LUCANIDAE Figulus seychellensis Figulus striatus Figulus magnus Hybosoridae Kuijtenous laeviceps Family SCARABAEIDAE Ataenius frater Labarrus lividus Nilaphodius nigritus Rhyssemus goudoti Rhyssemus ritsemae Saprosites laticeps seychellensis Saprosites lodoiceae Saprosites palmarum Saprosites pygmaeus Mausoleopsis aldabrensis Oxycetonia versicolor Oxythyrea aldabrensis Protaetia aurichalcea Lonchotus astovensis Oryctes monoceros Temnorrhynchus truncatus Comaserica granulipennis Nesohoplias senecionis 100 10 30

50 100 100 <150 20 50 10 20 50 20 100 100 100 5 200 12 500 10

100

50 150 5

Area

DD

coastal

associated with Gynura seychellensis <300m <300m <350m

coastal <500m 300-400m palm axils >100m lowland lowland lowland lowland lowland lowland lowland

LC LC LC

LC LC LC DD LC LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC DD LC DD LC DD DD EN (B1,2a,biii)

LC LC LC

>300m <500m <400m

<300m mainly coastal coastal

Seychelles Red List

Habitat

219

Species Parastasia coquereli Family BUPRESTIDAE Aldabrica fryeri Belionota prasina Chrysobothrix dorsata Diplolophotus owas Euiridotaenia mahena Lampetis alluaudi Sponsor pilosellus Family PTILODACTYLIDAE Ptilodactyla scabrosa Family CALLIRHIPIDAE Callirrhipis philiberti Family EUCNEMIDAE Arganus distinctus Ceratus scotti Fornax puncticeps Fornax sternalis Potergus ﬁliformis Prolycaon longicornis Xylobius mahenus Family THROSCIDAE Aulonothroscus sp. Trixagus sp. Family ELATERIDAE Adelocera modesta Aeoloides senex Agrypus aequalis Agrypnus fuscipes

Range (km2) 930 150 800 100 10 930 900 100 300 920 10 100 5 20 10 5 5 5 2 100 1000 900 900

Islands 3 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 2

100 160 100 100

5 2

10 25 5 20 10 5 500

150

10

150 100 100 10 100 100 100

20

Area

Seychelles Red List LC LC LC LC DD LC LC LC DD LC DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD

Habitat <500m lowland lowland lowland 300m lowland lowland

500m

forests 300m >300m 500m

palms, 500m 300m 700m 300m lowland

lowland lowland lowland lowland

220

Species Alaus mahenus Alaus scotti Cardiphorus lutosus Cardiotarsus gardineri Cardiotarsus vitellinus Conoderus dimidiaticollis Conoderus gracilipes Dactylosimus dorsalis Elastrus aldabrensis Gonodyrus tarsalis Megapenthes curtus Megapenthes difformis Melanoxanthus insularis Melanoxanthus frivolus Melanoxanthus melanocephalus Melanoxanthus puerulus var. cribricollis Porthmidius ﬂavescens Porthmidius solitarius Propsephus alluaudi Trelasus antennalis Family LAMPYRIDAE Luciola laeta Family CANTHARIDAE Caccodes oceaniae Family JACOBSONIIDAE Sarothrias eximius Family DERMESTIDAE Attagenus undulatus Paratrogoderma mahense

Range (km2) 930 5 80000 1000 1000 300 300 300 500 5 800 500 5 920 150 40000 900 5 920 5 100 10 10 40000 300

Islands 3 1 11 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 6 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 2

20 20

10

10

20

120 5 500 1000 150 100 100 50 500 5 20 500 5 50 100 60 30 5 40 5

Area

DD DD DD DD

>500m <400m >300m

LC

Seychelles Red List LC DD LC LC DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC DD LC DD DD LC DD

300m

>200m

lowland >100m

500m >250m

500m coastal

Habitat lowand 500m coastal foliage lowland lowland >300m >300m >300m

221

Species Orphilus brevicornis Dermestes ater Dermestes vulpinus Family BOSTRICHIDAE Apate congener Dinoderus minutus Heterobostrychus aequalis Lyctus brunneus Sinoxylon conigerum Xyloperthella picea Xylothrips ﬂavipes Family ANOBIIDAE Caenocara subplana Dorcatoma insulana Mesothes tenuibrachium Metadorcatoma peculiaris Mirosternus alluaudi Mirosternus excisipalpis Ptinus monticola Ptinus sechellarum Sulcoptinus gothicus Falsogastallus seychellensis Mesocoelopsis silhouettae Metatheca rugulosa Nesotheca cognata Nesotheca communis Nesotheca germana Nesotheca lateoblonga Nesotheca maxima 920 300 5 5 10 920 300 300 300 900 5 300 800 920 300 920 300

3 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 3 2

?

? 10 150 800 920

? 1 1 2 3

150 20

150 300

1 2

30 30 5 5 10 30 30 30 30 20 5 20 10 20 15 20 15

10 150 20 20

40 200 150

300 80000 80000

2 6 4

Area

Range (km2)

Islands

>200m >300m >300m >300m <300m 500m >500m

>200m >300m 500m 500m

lowland

300m

<300m

Habitat >300m <400m lowland

DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

DD LC DD DD DD DD DD

Seychelles Red List DD LC LC

222

Species Nesotheca praslinensis Nesotheca simillima Nesotheca subdepressa Nesotheca typica Petalium thomasseti Family SPHINDIDAE Aspidiphorus lareynii Aspidiphorus perexiguus Family PHALACRIDAE Phalacratomus exiguus Tinodemus tropicus Nesiotus similis Stilbus angulicaput Augasmus thoracicus Biophytus sp. Family ENDOMYCHIDAE Anagaricophilus pulchellus Cyrtomychus coccinelloides Cyrtomychus minor Geoendomychus oculatus Eidoreus minutus Trochoideus desjardinsi Family MORDELLIDAE Glipa (Stenoglipa) perigrinator Hoshihananomia braueri Mordellaria sp. Stenomorda disparilis Falsomordellistena partilis Glipostenoda coleae

Range (km2) 5 300 10 920 10 300 920 300 920 920 5 920 150 300 920 920 10 800 80000 300 10 500 300 300 300

Islands 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 2 5 5 1 3 1 2 3 3 1 4 8 2 2 1 2 2 2

5 10 500 30 20 10

15 30 20 10 20 100

20 30 30 5 20 150

20 15

5 15 10 30 10

Area

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD LC LC DD LC LC LC LC LC

Habitat

>300m >200m >300m <600m <600m 500m >300m

0-750m 300-750m 300-750m 300m <300m <500m

<500m <200m coastal mostly >300m <500m 390m

223

Species Glipostenoda degressa Glipostenoda mahena Glipostenoda sp. Mordellina dirempta Mordellina septemcarinata Mordellistena argutula Mordellistena sp. Family CERAMBYCIDAE Micronoemia albosignata Micronoemia glauca Micronoemia bifasciata Micronoemia gerlachi Discoblax wrighti Platygnathus seychellarum Paradandamis fuscovittatus Stromatium barbatum Paralocus semitibialis Ceresium albopubens Ceresium ﬂavipes Idobrium sechellarum Idobrium voeltzkowi Idobrium femoratum Obrium nitidicolle Anomoderus rugosicollis Iresiodes aldabrensis Coptops humerosa Olenecamptus bilobus Tragocephala alluaudi Pterolophia instabilis

Range (km2) 300 800 5 920 920 930 20 300 300 10 5 150 2 150 10 150 250 250 10 150 100 920 300 100 300 300 10 300

Islands 2 6 1 3 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3

?

10 10 10 5 <150 Frigate 1908 <150 5 <150 5 5 5 150 10 20 15 100 10 10 10

10 15 5 10 10 15 5

Area

LC LC EX? LC DD DD DD EX? DD LC LC EX? LC DD LC LC LC LC LC DD EN (B1a,biii) (EX?) high forest high damp Vateriopsis seychellarum 350m

lowland lowland lowland lowland Vateriopsis seychellarum lowland lowland forest 400-800m lowland lowland lowland lowland <300m

lowland

Seychelles Red List LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

Habitat 390m <500m coastal <500m <400m lowland coastal

224

Species Ropica sechellarum Sybra geminata Sybra fauveli Prosoplus dentatus Exocentrus subreticulatus Mahenes semifasciatus Mahenes demelti Mahenes multifasciatus Hyllisia quadricollis Superfamily CURCULIONOIDEA Achoragus tener Araecerus fasciculatus Choragus ornatus Choragus bolus Cleranthribus anthicopsis Cleranthribus colydiopsis Contexta murina Corynaecia scotti Dysnos aethiops Epitaphius licheneus Hormiscops sorbrinus Hormiscops tibialis Hormiscops laetus ‘Hormiscops’ tesselatus Phlaeobius gigas cervinus Phlaeobius pustulosus Sciretinus dimidiatus Scirtetinus eumelas Scirtetinus luteipes

Range (km2) 300 300 900 80000 900 300 10 5 300 300 800 10 10 300 300 150 5 300 300 300 930 600 10 100 150 100 930 50

Islands 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 5 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 30 30 10 5 10 20 10 5 15 15 20 25 10 10 15 100 20 30 10

10 10 10 10 1 5 10 5 5

Area

EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) 300-600m

forest 300m 300-600m 500m forest <300m 500m 300-600m >300m <600m >100m >250m 500m 300m lowland >500m >250m >300m

Seychelles Red List LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

Habitat <400m lowland forest lowland lowland forest coastal coastal <300m

225

Species Scirtetinus piceus Sintorops alloeus Xenotropis rugicollis Euops viriditinctus “Cyphogogus” sp. Eupsasalis amitina Cosmopolites sordidus Diocalandra frumenti Dryophthorus ecarinatus Dryophthorus lymexylon Eugnoristus braueri Myocaldanra exarata Polytus mellerborgi Sitophilus linearis Stenommatus musae Trochorhopalus strangulatus Baridomorpha triplaris Baris multivaga Baris seychellensis Phaenomerus lineolatus Sphadasmus granocostatus Acalles seychellensis Camptorrhinus brullei Cryptorrhynchus erratus Cryptorrhynchideus graniger Rhetogenes sexcristatus Rhetogenes spurcus Shutea acminatum Chaerorrhinodes tenuiculus ?

? 300 150 100 920 250 20 5 5

? 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 1

15 <150 100 30 5 <20 5 5

20 20 10 5 5 15 30 20 15 15 20 <150 15 1 5 10 20 5 10 5

920 300 10 20 5 300 800 300 300 100 300 150 920 1 20 100 300 50000 10 5

3 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 1

Area

Range (km2)

Islands

600m 500m

>300m ? lowland >200m <500m

lowland 400m 500m 300m <600m >250m >300m >300m ? >250m lowland forest >300m >500m lowland 300m 400m

Habitat >250m high forest

Seychelles Red List EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1a,biii) LC DD LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD LC CR (B2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?)

226

Species Coptus latiusculus Cossonus suturalis Cossonus incivilis Dendroctonomorphus muriceus Dryotribus mimeticus Himatinum breviusculum Himatinum conﬂuum Himatinum rugipenne Hypopentathrum microcephalum Lasiotrupis clavigera Melarhinus incrustatus Microhimatium pubescens Microplatymerus lodoiceivorus Microtrupis piligera Microtrupis puncticeps Microtrupis longipennis Orthotemnus ﬁliformis Oxydema fusiforme Pentarthrum longicolle Pentarthrum punctatissimum Pentarthrum scotti Pentarthrum seychellarum Phlaeophagosoma aldabrum Phlaeophagosoma conicicolle Proeces compressicollis Proeces silvestris Rhyncolosoma dubium Stenomimus orientalis Stenopentarthrum pandanae

Range (km2) 10 10 10 100 12 5 100 920 5 300 10 5 5 5 5 300 5 10 100 5 150 10 100 5 5 50 930 300 300

Islands 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 10 10 5 10 12 5 10 30 5 20 10 5 5 5 5 10 5 10 15 5 <150 10 100 5 5 10 30 30 20

Area

300m lowland 600m 500m >300m <700m >500m high forest

>250m 250m >300m 500m 250m 250m 500m 500m >300m 600m coastal >300m 250m

Habitat 300m <400m 800m >300m lowland

Seychelles Red List CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?)

227

Species Stenotrupis biformis Stenotrupis caliginosa Stenotrupis conicicephala Stenotrupis convexiuscula Stenotrupis crassipes Stenotrupis dumetorum Stenotrupis ﬁlum Stenotrupis lodoiceicola Stenotrupis nemoralis Stenotrupis nitidula Stenotrupis parallelus Stenotrupis polita Stenotrupis ruﬁpes Stenotrupis sericata Stenotrupis silvicola Stenotrupis tarsalis Stenoscelis crassifrons Temnorrhamphus latirostris Tetragonorrhamphus tuberculirostirs Trapezirrhynchus silhouettensis Barianus litoralis Brachycyclus minor Cratopus adspersus Cratopus aurostriatus Cratopus griseovittatus Cratopus muticus Cratopus segregatus Cratopus viridisparsus Lepydnus nepenthicola

Range (km2) 5 300 300 5 10 920 5 5 5 5 920 300 10 5 300 100 100 10 940 10 1000 100 80000 930 920 300 920 150 300

Islands 1 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 11 5 5 2 3 1 2 5 25 20 5 10 25 5 5 5 5 60 20 10 5 30 15 100 10 30 10 200 100 110 60 100 1 300 100 10

Area

Habitat 500m >300m 500m 500m >600m >250m 500m 250m 500m 800m >250m >300m ? 600m >300m >300m lowland 300m <700m >500m lowland lowland lowland lowland coastal >500m Pisonia sechellarum all altitudes lowland >300m

Seychelles Red List CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) LC DD DD LC LC CR (B2a,biii) LC DD LC

228

Species Sciatrophus fuscus Cycloterinus ampliatus Cycloterinus caecus Cycloterinus canaliculatus Cycloterinus carinifer Cycloterinus erosus Cycloterinus foveatus Cycloterinus humeroalatus Cycloterinus microphthalmus Cycloterinus sphaeropterus Cycloterinus unicristatus Cycloterodes sechellarum Eucycloteres terreus Gonotrachelus quinquecarinatus Homalorrhynchus serripes Homalorrhynchus rubricatus Homalorrhynchus verschaffeltiae Phaenicobates alatus Phaenicobates albosetosus Phaenicobates curvipes Phaenicobates cuspidatus Phaenicobates cylindricus Phaenicobates depressirostris Phaenicobates duplovestitus Phaenicobates ﬂexirostris Phoenicobates fortirostris Phaenicobates foveiventris Phaenicobates gibbirostris Phaenicobates hispidulus

Range (km2) 5 5 10 20 5 50 800 300 10 5 100 300 920 1 100 20 10 300 300 300 50 300 10 300 320 20 300 300 300

Islands 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 5 5 10 20 5 10 20 30 5 5 30 30 20 1 20 10 10 30 30 30 30 20 10 30 20 30 30 40 30

Area

>300m >500m high forest >500m 300m >300m <600m >500 >300m >500m >500m

Habitat Lodocea maldivica 550m >500m >500m 250m >300m >250m >500m >600m 500m high forest 500m 250-500m lowland >300m >500m 600m

Seychelles Red List CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2abiii) (EX?) EN (B1,2abiii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?)

229

Species Phaenicobates lodoiceae Phaenicobates nigrolimbatus Phaenicobates parallelus Phaenicobates pandanicola Phaenicobates peropacus Phaenicobates praslinensis Phaenicobates ruﬁtarsis Phaenicobates simplex Phaenicobates sebertensis Phaenicobates stevensoniae Phaenicobates stricticollis Phaenicobates tenuis Phaenicobates vittatus Phaenicobatopsis echinatus Phaenicobatopsis septiceps Phoenicogenus inermis Scytha aldabrana Sphodrias magdaloides Sycites pilicornis Tanyomus palmicola Rhynchaenus spissus Endaeus anthonomoides Endaeus curvimanus Endaeopsis delicatus Crossotarsus externedentatus Platypus hintzi Platypus lepidus Platypus parallelus Coccotrypes bicolor

Range (km2) 800 920 20 920 300 5 10 300 5 300 930 920 300 300 100 5 100 5 10 20 80000 80000 80000 5 5 5 600 300 5

Islands 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 20 20 15 25 30 5 10 15 5 20 15 15 30 30 20 5 100 5 10 20 100 100 100 5 5 10 15 50 10

Area

Habitat >250m >250m >300m >250m >500m 250m 600m >300m 350m >300m <600m >250m high forests >300m >300m 250m lowland 500m 600m >500m <600m <500m all altitudes 500m 600m lowland >250m lowland Northea hornei

Seychelles Red List EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC

230

Species Coccotrypes carpophagus Coccotrypes cardamomi Coccotrypes cyperi Coccotrypes declivis Coccotrypes excavatus Coccotrypes furvus Coccotrypes laticollis Coccotrypes medius Coccotrypes parvus Coccotrypes variabilis Cryphalus discretus Cryphalus pallidus Cryphalus trypanus Eccoptopterus spinosus Hypothenemus eruditus Hypothenemus javanus Scolytogenes confragosus Scolytogenes crenatus Xyleborus oblongus Xyleborus perforans Xyleborus madagascariensis Xyleborus similis Family BOTHRIDERIDAE Bothrideres fryeri Family LYMEXYLONIDAE Protomelittomma insulare Family TROGOSSITIDAE Alindra costulata Family CLERIDAE

Range (km2) 5 150 150 300 5 300 150 150 800 150 150 300 930 300 920 150 10 5 10 930 300 800 100 920 5

Islands 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 3 2 4 1 1 1 1 5 2 2 1 3 1

5

200

100

5 50 50 50 5 50 50 50 15 50 100 10 200 60 70 50 10 5 10 200 60 30

Area

DD LC DD

lowland lowland

Seychelles Red List CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD LC LC LC lowland

<400m 500m lowland

Calophyllum inophyllum. <500m mostly >500m >350m

>250m

palms

>300m 500m

Habitat 700m

231

600 300 80000 300 150 5 20 10 2 300 150 150 930 940 80000 80000 5 80000 5 80000 40000 10 250 10

2 2 7 2 1 1 1-2 2 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 7 1 5 1 7 2 1 2 1 2 2

Cillaeus opaculus Cillaeus subplagiatus

300 40000

Range (km2)

Islands

Species Allochotes praslinensis Anthriboclerus scotti Necrobia ruﬁpes Pallenis laterisignatus Platyclerus planatus Steocylidrus dimidiatus Stenocylidrus glaber Tarsostenus univittatus Family MELYRIDAE Laius sericatus Malthacodes cioides Pelochrus takamataensis Pachyebaeus aldabraensis Family NITIDULIDAE Brachypeplus aequalis Brachypeplus notatus Carpophilus angustatus Carpophilus dimidiatus Carpophilus fusciceps Carpophilus hemipterus Carpophilus scotti Urophorus humeralis Urophorus foveicollis Cillaeus confusus Cillaeus megacephalus Cillaeus micros 10 20

30 20 5 35 5 20 10 30 20 10 15 5

2 30 150 150

10 10 50 20 100 5 10 10

Area

DD DD DD DD

Seychelles Red List LC LC DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?)

LC LC LC <400m DD 600m DD <550m DD >350m LC <300m DD <600m DD 250m DD <600m DD Pandanus hornei, Phoenicophorium LC borsigianum >300m DD <650m DD

<500m <300m

lowland >300m lowland lowland

Habitat lowland all altitudes lowland >500m lowand 500m >400m <300m

232

Haptoncus obscurus Haptoncus ocularis Haptoncus sobrinus Lasiodactylus breviusculus Lasiodactylus pictus Pria nitidior Pria scotti Stelidota explanata Family MONOTOMIDAE Monotoma madagascariensis Shoguna polita Family SILVANIDAE Ahasverus advena Monanus concinnulus Monanus denticulatus Monanus ornatus Silvanus inarmatus Silvanoprus scuticollis Pasammoecus laetulus

Species Cybocephalus brevis Cybocephalus minimus Cybocephalus minutus Cybocephalus subpallipes Cybocephalus tantillus Cybocephalus mahensis Cybocephalus seychellensis Haptoncus luteolus Haptoncus minutus 120 930 300 300 50 20 100 900 300 10 10 300 1 10 5 10 300

2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2

40000 40000 40000 40000 40000 10 10 930 300

8 8 8 8 8 1 1 4 2 2 4 2 2 1 1 1 3

Range (km2)

Islands

10 10 1 5 5 10 20

20 10

35 40 10 10 15 20 15 25

75 75 75 75 75 10 10 40 40

Area

LC DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD

300m <500m lowland >500m 500m >500m >300m

DD DD LC LC DD DD DD LC

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

<300m 250m

200-350m <600m

Habitat all altitudes all altitudes all altitudes all altitudes all altitudes 300m 300m <350m. 300m, Phoenicophorium borsigianum <350m >300m lowland <400m <600m

233

Species Psammoecus nitescens Psammoecus simoni Family LAEMOPHLOEIDAE Placonotus politissimus Laemophloeus proprior Family SALPINGIDAE Inopeplus mimetes Prostominia convexiuscula Prostominia scotti Family PROPALTICIDAE Propalticus sechellarum Family CRYPTOPHAGIDAE Eurycratus laticaput Hapalips championi Hapalips scotti Family CERYLONIDAE Ostomopsis solitaria Euxestus globosus Euxestus parki Euxestus phalacrodies Axiocerylon cavicolle Cerylon gardineri Cerylon liliputinum Cerylon longuis Cerylon nitidum Cerylon perparvulum Cerylon tantillum Praslirylon curtulum Mychocerus alluaudi

Range (km2) 300 300 10 300 300 300 10 300 10 600 300 10 5 5 40000 300 300 10 600 120 930 10 300 940

Islands 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 7 2 2 1 2 3 3 1 2 5 10 5 5 100 20 20 10 15 20 40 10 20 40

10 5 20

20

20 30 10

10 30

20 30

Area

DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC LC DD DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD LC DD

>300m >500m 600m >300m 300m <300m >300m

>500m 500m 250m <250m >300m forest 500m <600m <700m >250m 600m >500m <600m

Seychelles Red List DD DD

300m Verschaffeltia splendida, >500m

Habitat >300m >500m

234

Species Philothermus gomyi Thyroderus sculpticollis Family DISCOLOMATIDAE Aphanocephalus acuminatus Aphanocephalus binotatus Aphanocephalus insularis Aphanocephalus quadriplagiatus Aphanocephalus subdepressus Family COCCINELLIDAE Cheilomenes sexmaculata Cheilomenes sulphurea Exochomus laeviusculus Exochomus ﬂavipes Phlyctenolotis scotti Pullus arrowi Pullus plutonus Rodolia chermesina Scymnus constrictus Scymnus cryptogonoides Scymnus lunulatus Scymnus oblongosignatus Scymnus voeltzkowi Stethorus cf. aethiops Sticholotis madagassa Thea variegata Xamerpillus gahani Family CORYLOPHIDAE Arthrolips sp. Arthrolips insulaelongae

Range (km2) 300 300 300 10 920 100 5 5 500 150 500 930 20 930 1000 80000 10 5 930 30000 600 920 5 300 5 1

Islands 2 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 4 6 1 1 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 1

5 1

5 160 150 200 20 10 30 200 30 5 5 50 5 10 30 5 50

20 10 40 15 5

10 10

Area

DD DD

500m lowland

>500m 500m <600m <600m <400m <400m 500m >300m

LC DD DD LC LC LC LC LC LC EN (B2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC LC LC

DD DD DD DD DD

Seychelles Red List LC DD

150m lowland lowland lowland <600m <500m <700m <600m

high forest 250-350m >250m 250-350m. Lodoicea maldivica

Habitat lowland >500m

235

Species Daubania seychellarum Lewisium seychelleum Meioderus quinssyanus Rhypobius aquilinus Orthoperus minutissimus Sacium grossinium Sacium picaultium Sacium rochonianum Sacium roslanium Sericoderus seychellensis Family LATRIDIIDAE Enicmus minutus Nesolathrus typicus Family MYCETOPHAGIDAE Typhaea stercorea Family CIIDAE Cis mahensis Cis felicitas Cis biacutus Cis praslinensis Cis insignis Cis aldabranus Cis subsquamosus Cis parallelus Cis sublacernatus Cis stevensoniae Cis retithorax Cis cacuminum Cis silvicola

Range (km2) 920 930 10 1 5 5 10 10 300 300 5 920 300 100 2 920 10 10 150 300 300 930 10 930 300 250

Islands 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 15 2 15 10 10 10 15 20 20 10 30 20 20

10

5 20

15 30 10 1 5 5 5 5 20 15

Area

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD LC DD LC DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

Habitat >250m <600m >500m lowland 500m 500m >500m >500m >300m >300m coastal <600m 300-400m

>300m lowland >250m 250m 300m lowland >300m <300m lowland 600m <500m >300m >400m

236

Species Dimerapterocis apterus Ennearthron pulchellum Ennearthron cucullatum Paratrichapus sechellarum Tropicis ﬂexicarinatus Tropicis brevicarinatus Xylographus seychellensis Family MELANDRYIDAE Stictodrya longipennis Mycteromimus insularis Family COLYDIIDAE Cicones scotti Cicones compactus Colobicones singularis Diplotoma capito Ditoma cavicollis Lascotonus scotti Mecedanum sp. Neotrichus gardineri Neotrichus parallelocollis Paralyreus scotti Pycnomerus confertus Xuthia sicana Family MONOMMIDAE Monomma pruinosum Family TENEBRIONIDAE Alphitobius crenatus Alphitobius laevigatus Amarygmus seychellensis <5

<5 300 10 10 10 5 10 20 10 300 10 10 920 930 150 80000 80000 300

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 14 3 2

200 100 20

100

10 10 10 5 10 10 5 15 10 10 15 20

15

5 15 100 30 10 30 15

10 920 80000 300 300 300 100

1 3 4 2 2 2 1

Area

Range (km2)

Islands

DD lowland

DD DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?)

DD DD DD DD DD LC DD DD DD DD DD DD

>500m 300m 300m 250m 500m <600m 500m <600m 300m 800m >250m <500m

lowland >300m

DD DD

Seychelles Red List DD DD DD DD DD DD DD

650m > 300m

Habitat >500m >250m <500m >500m >500m >300m >300m

237

Species Bradymerus aspericollis Bradymerus hispidus Bradymerus scotti Bradymerus seychellensis Cacoplesia viriditincta ‘Cacoplesia’ annulipes Camarothelops braueri Camarothelops scotti Cryphaeus capreolus Cylindrosia foveifrons Diphyrrhynchus effeminatus Diphyrrhynchus fryeri Enicmosoma punctum Epiphaleria pallida Eutochia pulla Gnathelops chatayi Gonocephalum alticola seychellense Gonocephalum peregrinum Gonocephalum micantipenne Gonocephalum simplex aldabraense Heterophyllus atomus Mahena cuprea Microcrypticus variegatus Opatropis blairi Palorus mahenus Palorus praslinensis Platydema inaequidens seychellarum Plesioderes madagascariensis Pseudhadrus braueri

Range (km2) 150 300 100 930 5 100 300 80000 1000 100 80000 100 300 80000 920 920 1000 150 40000 150 5 100 100 2 1 5 300 80000 5

Islands 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 3 5 1 4 1 2 4 3 2 6 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 6 1 150 10 10 20 5 10 30 160 50 15 50 100 30 160 30 30 60 150 200 160 5 15 100 2 1 5 30 170 10

Area

<500m coastal >500m

Habitat lowland 500m >300m <600m lowland >300m >300m <300m <500m >250m lowland lowland <500m coastal coastal Phoenicophorium borsigianum <500m lowland coastal

Seychelles Red List DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC DD LC LC DD DD LC CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD CR (B1a,biii) (EX?)

238

Species Pseudhadrus seriatus Pulposipes herculeanus Rhipidandrus speculifrons Tagalus cavifrons Tyrtaeus singularis Uloma crenatosttiata Uloma scita Zidalus attenuatus Zidalus insularis Family OEDEMERIDAE Ananca aldabra Ananca scabripennis Ananca submarginata Oxacis grisescens Oxacis striola Family ANTHICIDAE Eurygenius fragilicornis Eurygenius convexicollis Sapintus oceanicus Anthicidae sp. 1 Anthicidae sp. 2 Family ADERIDAE Aderus torticornis Aderus clavicornis Aderus seychellarum Family CHRYSOMELIDAE Aphthona sp. Bikasha fortipunctata Biaksha minor 150 920 100 40000 150 5 20 900 5 1 920 920 300 2 920 900

1 3 1 6 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 3 2

2 15 5

20 20 20

5 10 15 5 1

150 20 100 100 150

170 5

?

? 500 5

? 2 1

25 2 10 20 5 20

300 2 250 300 5 300

2 1 2 2 1 2

Area

Range (km2)

Islands

LC DD DD LC DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC DD DD EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B2a,biii) (EX?)

lowland coastal lowland coastal lowland 900m

coastal lowland lowland >250m >250m forest marsh >250m lowland

lowland lowland

Seychelles Red List EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) VU (D2) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD DD DD

Habitat >400m lowland <600m >300m >600m >300m

239

Species Bikasha tenuipunctata Chaetocnema sundara Longitarsus gardineri Pratima costata Pratima variabilis Seychellaltica gardineri Seychellaltica krishna Seychellaltica mahensis Seychellaltica praslinensis Pachymerus gonager Spermophagus convolvuli Aspidomorpha apicalis Notosacantha lila Eka nigra Keeta aldabrana Keeta fryeri Rhyparidula insularis Rhyparida scotti Rhypardia seychellensis Diacantha unifasciata Nesohispa lambacrias Rhabdotohispa scotti

Range (km2) 80000 10 5 10 300 10 300 100 10 10 150 80000 300 10 100 150 150 300 100 300 300 30

Islands 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 100 5 5 5 20 5 20 15 5 10 100 100 15 10 100 100 100 20 10 20 10 10

Area

Habitat lowland lowland Tournefortia argentea 600m 600m 600m >500m >400m 250m lowland lowland <250m <250m lowland lowland lowland lowland >500m >300m <500m palms >300m palms >500m

Seychelles Red List LC EX? DD CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) CR (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) DD DD DD LC LC DD LC LC LC EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) EN (B1,2a,biii) (EX?) LC CR (B1a,biii) (EX?)

240

241

Index A Abacetus 38, 41, 212 abbotti 146 abdominale 12, 22, 26, 211 abnormalis 22, 23 Abraeomorphus 45, 46, 49, 213 Abraeus 48 abruptus 156 Acalles 141, 226 achardianum 73, 218 Achoragus 135, 225 aciculatus 42 acminatum 142, 226 Acritus 51, 52 Acrotona 61, 62, 215 Acrotrichis 56, 214 Actidium 56, 214 Actinopteryx 56, 214 acuminata 56, 214 acuminatus 12, 16, 17, 18, 175, 210, 235 Acupalpus 42 acutispina 20 addendus 12, 16, 18, 210 Adelocera 92, 220 Adephaga 6 Aderidae 10, 203, 239 Aderus 203, 239 Adoretus 85, 219 adspersus 146, 228 advena 168, 169, 233 aediﬁcator 130 Aeletes 45, 46, 51, 53, 213 aenescens 84, 85, 219 Aeoloides 92, 220 aepyornithidorum 62 aequalis 66, 92, 93, 98, 162, 216, 220, 222, 232

aethiops 136, 176, 180, 225, 235 Aethriostoma 97

afﬁnis 155 africanus 12, 14, 15, 18, 64, 155, 210, 215 Agrilus 88 Agrypninae 91 Agrypnus 92, 93, 220 Ahasverus 168, 169, 233 alacteus 38, 41, 212 alatus 148, 229 Alaus 93, 221 albofasciatus 183, 184 albopubens 128, 224 albosetosus 148, 229 albosignata 125, 224 aldabraensis 161, 232 aldabrana 150, 200, 207, 208, 230, 240 aldabrensis 83, 92, 94, 129, 219, 221, 224 aldabrica 39, 57, 214 Aldabrica 87, 220 aldabricus 12, 14, 15, 17, 210 aldabrum 144, 227 Aleochara 61, 62, 215 Aleocharinae 61, 78 Aleocharini 61 algarum 45, 52, 53, 213 Alindra 158, 231 allacteus 38, 41, 212 Alleculinae 192 Allochotes 159, 232 alloeus 135, 136, 137, 226 Allotrochus 65, 216 alluaudi 38, 42, 47, 49, 65, 67, 72, 77, 87, 88, 91, 95, 99, 100, 131, 173, 174, 213, 216, 218, 220, 221, 222, 224, 234 alluaudianus 12, 24, 26, 211 Alphitobius 192, 193, 194, 237 Alticinae 204 alticola 193, 196, 238 amabilis 63 Amarodytes 17 Amarygmini 193

242

Amarygmus 193, 194, 237 ambiguus 45, 48, 51, 213 Amblysterna 87, 88 amitina 138, 226 amphora 112 ampliatus 147, 229 Anagaricophilus 109, 110, 111, 113, 223 Anamorphinae 109 Ananca 200, 201, 239 Ancaeus 66 Anchomenus 43 andrewesi 155 androyanus 40, 213 angulicaput 106, 107, 223 angustatus 162, 163, 232 Anillina 38 Anillus 40 Anisodactylus 42 annulipes 193, 195, 238 Anobiidae 8, 9, 99, 102, 157, 222 Anobiinae 99, 101 Anomoderus 129, 224 Anotylus 67, 216 antennalis 92, 95, 221 Anthicidae 10, 35, 201, 202, 239 Anthicinae 201 anthicopsis 135, 225 anthonomoides 151, 230 Anthribidae 10, 37, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139 156, 157 Anthriboclerus 159, 232 Apate 98, 222 Apatini 98 Aphanocephalus 175, 176, 235 Apheloplectus 71, 217 Aphodiinae 80, 81 Aphthona 204, 239 apicalis 207, 240 Apomecyna 131, 132 Apoplectus 71, 217 apricarius 52, 54 apterus 185, 187, 237 aquilinus 182, 236 Araecerus 135, 225 Arganus 90, 220 Argiloborus 38, 40, 212 argutula 116, 122, 123, 224 armatus 58, 59, 214

Arpagonus 65, 216 arrowi 177, 179, 235 Arthrolips 181, 182, 235 ascendens 38, 40, 212 asperata 64, 215 aspericollis 193, 194, 195, 238 Aspidiphorus 103, 104, 223 Aspidomorpha 207, 240 Astenus 68, 69, 216 Astigis 41 astovensis 84, 219 Ataenius 81, 82, 219 Atanygnathus 74, 75, 218 ater 96, 97, 222 Atheta 62, 63, 215 Athetini 62 atomarius 45, 46, 49, 213 atomus 13, 24, 25, 76, 194, 197, 211, 218, 238

atricapillus 21 Attagenus 96, 97, 221 Attelabidae 10, 37, 134, 137 attenuata 196 attenuatus 199, 239 Augasmus 106, 108, 223 Aulacodytes 16 Aulacoryssus 38, 42, 43 Aulonothroscus 91, 220 aurichalcea 83, 84, 219 aurostriatus 146, 228 Axiocerylon 173, 174, 234 B Bacanius 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 213 badius 156 barbatum 127, 224 Barianus 146, 228 Baridinae 140 Baridomorpha 140, 226 Baris 140, 226 basicollis 42 Batraxis 71, 217 Batrisitae 70 Batrisodes 70, 72, 217 Belionota 87, 220 Bembediini 38

243

Bembedinia 38 Bembibium 40 bergrothi 12, 19, 210 Berosus 12, 19, 20, 26, 34, 210, 211 biacutus 185, 186, 236 Bibloporina 71 bibula 38, 40, 213 bibulus 38, 40 bicolor 71, 72, 153, 155, 217, 230 bicoloripes 119 bidenticulatus 12, 20, 211 Bidessus 15, 16, 17 bifasciata 126, 224 biformis 144, 228 biguttatus 27, 163 Bikasha 204, 205, 239, 240 biloba 130 bilobus 130, 224 bilunatus 44, 213 binotatus 175, 176, 235 Biophytus 106, 108, 223 biperforatus 13, 27, 28, 29, 212 bipustulatus 167 birmanus 154 bisignatus 38, 41, 76, 212 bistrigifrons 52 blairi 193, 198, 238 Blapimorpha 193 Bledius 67, 155, 167 Bolitochara 62, 63, 215 Bolitocharina 62 bolus 135, 225 Bostrichidae 8, 9, 67, 97, 99, 147, 157, 160, 175, 184, 216, 222, 229 Bostrichiformia 67, 147, 216, 229 Bostrichinae 97 Bostrichini 97 Bostrichioformia 8, 9, 96 Bostrichoidea 8, 67, 96, 147, 216, 229 Bostrichus 155 Bostrychidae 37, 60, 108, 171, 172, 184 Bothrideres 157, 231 Bothrideridae 8, 9, 67, 147, 157, 216, 229, 231

Bourdonnaisia 12, 20, 26, 29, 30, 31, 211 Brachininae 39 Brachinini 38 Brachycyclus 146, 228

Brachyglutini 71 Brachypeplus 161, 162, 232 Bradymerus 193, 194, 238 brasiliensis 47, 52, 53, 54, 213 braueri 115, 116, 117, 139, 193, 195, 198, 223, 226, 238 Brentidae 10, 35, 37, 134, 137, 156 brevicarinatus 185, 188, 237 brevicornis 40, 96, 97, 213, 222 brevipennis 71, 72, 217 brevis 165, 233 breviusculum 143, 227 breviusculus 162, 166, 233 Brontinae 168, 169 Bruchinae 204, 206 brullei 141, 226 Brumoides 177 Brundinia 62, 63, 215 brunnea 56, 214 brunneum 57, 214 brunneus 97, 98, 222 bucco 155 Buprestidae 6, 7, 35, 86, 88, 220 Buprestoidea 6, 86 Byrroidea 8, 89 Bythinoplectini 71 C Caccodes 96, 221 Cacoplesia 193, 195, 238 cacuminum 185, 187, 236 Cadandra 139 cadaverinus 97 caecus 67, 147, 216, 229 Caenocara 100, 222 Caﬁus 74, 75, 76, 218 calciger 46, 50, 213 Caldanra 138, 139 caliculus 152 caliginosa 144, 228 Callida 38, 44 Callidia 44 Callidium 127, 128 Callirhipidae 7, 8, 37, 89, 220 Callirrhipis 89, 220 Camarothelops 192, 193, 195, 238

244

Camptorrhinus 141, 226 canaliculatus 147, 229 Cantharidae 7, 8, 32, 89, 95, 96, 160, 161, 201, 221 Canthariidae 35 Canthydrus 13, 27, 211 capitatus 12, 15, 18, 210 capito 190, 191, 237 capreolus 192, 195, 238 capucinus 98 Carabidae 6, 7, 35, 37, 38, 44, 45, 89, 91, 97, 105, 212 Carabinae 35 Carcinops 47, 49, 50, 213 cardamomi 153, 231 cardinalis 177, 179 Cardiotarsus 92, 93, 221 Cardiphorus 93, 221 Caricus 38, 41 carinata 71, 72, 217 carinatus 13, 24, 25, 30, 211 carinifer 147, 229 carpophagus 153, 231 Carpophilinae 161 Carpophilus 161, 162, 163, 164, 232 Casnoidea 38, 43, 44, 212 Cassida 207 Cassidinae 204, 207, 209 castanaeum 193 castaneum 56, 193, 199 castaneus 66, 216 casteum 56, 214 caudatus 70, 72, 217 cavicolle 173, 174, 234 cavicollis 190, 191, 237 cavifrons 192, 199, 239 cephalotes 69 Cephenniini 57 Cephennium 58, 214 Cerambycidae 10, 35, 125, 128, 133, 134, 157, 224, 241 Cerambycinae 127 Cerambyx 127, 130 Ceratus 90, 220 Cercyon 12, 19, 21, 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 211 Cerennea 71, 72, 217 Ceresium 128, 224 Cermabycidae 36

cervinus 136, 158, 225 Cerylon 173, 174, 234 Cerylonidae 8, 9, 172, 175, 234 Ceryloninae 172 Cetonia 84 Cetoniinae 80, 81, 83 ceylanensis 68, 70, 217 Chaerorrhinodes 142, 226 Chaetocnema 204, 205, 206, 209, 240 chalceus 24 championi 172, 234 Chasmogenus 12, 22, 26, 32, 211 chatayi 193, 196, 238 Cheilomenes 177, 235 chermesina 177, 179, 235 Chilocorus 176, 177, 178 Chiridopsis 207 Chlaeniini 38 Chlaenites 41, 212 Chlaenius 38, 41, 212 Choragus 135, 225 Chrysobothrix 87, 220 Chrysomelidae 10, 36, 203, 209, 239 Chrysomeloidea 10 chrysopyga 61, 63, 215 Cicindela 39 Cicindelinae 37, 39, 45 Cicindellinae 35, 37, 39 Cicones 190, 237 Ciidae 8, 10, 34, 36, 184, 188, 236 Cilea 77 Cillaeus 161, 165, 232 cinctus 14 cinnamomi 153 cioides 160, 232 circumductus 28 Cis 185, 186, 187, 236 Cistelidae 35, 192 clavicornis 203, 239 clavigera 143, 227 Clavilispinina 65 Clavispinus 66, 216 Cleranthribus 135, 225 Cleridae 8, 9, 32, 36, 89, 95, 96, 158, 160, 161, 201, 231 Cleroidea 8 Clinocercyon 21 Cnodaloninae 193

245

coarcticollis 61, 63, 215 Coccinellidae 8, 9, 36, 176, 181, 235 coccinelloides 109, 110, 111, 223 Coccotrypes 153, 154, 230, 231 Coelostoma 12, 19, 22, 26, 33, 211 Coenonica 62, 63, 215 cognata 99, 101, 222 coleae 114, 115, 116, 120, 121, 123, 223 Colobicones 190, 237 Colydidae 36 Colydiidae 10, 96, 157, 158, 168, 175, 176, 184, 190, 191, 200, 237 Colydiinae 190 colydiopsis 135, 225 Comaserica 85, 219 communis 100, 101, 154, 222 compactus 156, 190, 237 compressicollis 144, 227 Conarthrus 142 concinna 57, 214 concinnulus 169, 233 concinuum 41, 212 concinuus 41, 212 confertus 190, 191, 237 conﬁnis 13, 28, 29, 204, 205, 212 conﬂuum 143, 227 confragosus 155, 231 confusus 155, 161, 165, 232 congener 98, 222 congestus 13 conicicephala 144, 228 conicicolle 144, 227 conigerum 97, 98, 222 Conipora 103 conjiciens 12, 21, 30, 211 Conoderinae 92, 140, 141 Conoderus 92, 93, 221 Conosmoa 77 constrictus 177, 179, 235 Contexta 136, 225 contingens 164 Conurus 77 convexicollis 202, 239 convexiuscula 144, 171, 228, 234 convolvuli 206, 240 Copelatus 12, 14, 17, 29, 30, 33, 210 Coproporus 76, 77, 218 Coptops 130, 224, 241

Coptus 142, 227 coquereli 6, 85, 86, 129, 220 corallicola 75, 76, 218 cordithorax 58, 59, 214 coriaria 61, 63, 215 cornuta 58, 59, 214 Corthylini 153 Corylophidae 8, 9, 36, 105, 181, 183, 235 Corynaecia 136, 225 Cosmopolites 138, 226 Cossonus 142, 227 costata 204, 205, 240 costulata 158, 231 costulatus 167 crassifrons 145, 228 crassipes 144, 228 crassiusculus 156 Cratopus 146, 147, 228 crenata 58, 59, 214 crenatostiata 193 crenatostriatus 19 crenatus 155, 193, 194, 231, 237 crenulata 38 cribricollis 94, 221 Crossotarsus 152, 230 crowsoni 13, 27, 29, 211 Cryphaeus 192, 195, 238 Cryphalomorphus 155 Cryphalus 154, 231 Crypticini 193 cryptogonoides 177, 180, 235 Cryptolestes 170 Cryptomorpha 168 Cryptophagidae 8, 9, 37, 45, 89, 91, 97, 105, 170, 171, 172, 234 Cryptorhynchinae 140, 141, 147 Cryptorrhynchideus 141, 142, 226 Cryptorrhynchus 142, 226 Cucujidae 8, 9, 36, 60, 99, 105, 108, 170, 171, 172, 175, 184 Cucujiformia 8, 102, 157 Cucujoidea 8 cucullatum 185, 187, 237 cuprea 25, 193, 197, 238 cupreus 25 Curculionidae 10, 37, 134, 135, 138, 139, 140, 146, 152, 156, 157 Curculioninae 140, 151

246

Curculionoidea 10, 36, 134, 139, 156, 225, 241 curticollis 65, 216 curtipenne 157 curtulum 173, 174, 234 curtus 92, 94, 221 curvimanus 152, 230 curvipes 148, 229 cuspidatus 12, 20, 148, 211, 229 Cyathigerini 71 Cybister 12, 14, 15, 18, 210 Cybisteter 15 Cybocephalinae 161, 165 Cybocephalus 161, 165, 167, 233 Cycloterinus 147, 148, 229 Cylas 138 cylindricus 149, 229 Cylindrosia 193, 195, 238 Cylistolister 47 Cylistosoma 45, 46, 47, 213 cyperi 153, 231 Cyphagogini 137 Cyphogogus 138, 226 Cyphon 13, 27, 28, 29, 30, 212 Cyrtomychus 109, 110, 111, 223 Cyrtoscydmini 58 D dactyliperda 153 Dactylosimus 92, 94, 221 Dactylosternum 12, 19, 22, 23, 26, 30, 31, 211

Dalotia 61, 63, 215 daubani 46, 51, 53, 213 Daubania 181, 182, 236 davidsoni 46, 51, 53, 213 debilicornis 68, 70, 217 declivis 153, 231 decoratus 166 degayanum 13, 25, 26, 211 degressa 114, 115, 116, 120, 224 dejeani 126 delicatus 152, 230 demelti 133, 225 Dendroctonomorphus 142, 227 Dendrophilus 49 dentatus 132, 225

denticulata 25 denticulatus 169, 233 dentipes 52 depressipennis 68, 69, 216 depressirostris 149, 229 depressus 167 Dermestes 96, 97, 222 Dermestidae 8, 9, 37, 45, 89, 91, 96, 97, 105, 221 desjardinsi 109, 111, 112, 114, 168, 169, 223 Diacantha 208, 240 Diaperinae 192 Diaperini 194 Diatypus 38, 41 Dibelonetes 68, 69, 216 Dicercomorpha 88 Dichiropsis 38, 41 Dicrepidiinae 91 diegensis 152 Diestota 62, 63, 215 difformis 92, 94, 221 diffusa 38, 41, 212 diffusus 38, 41, 212 dilatus 155 dilutipennis 62, 215 dilutipes 75, 218 Dimerapterocis 185, 187, 237 Dimerini 71 dimidiaticollis 92, 93, 221 dimidiatus 136, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 225, 232 Dineutus 12, 18, 210 Dinoderinae 97 Dinoderus 98, 222 Diocalandra 139, 226 Diochus 75, 218 dionysia 179 Dioryche 42 Diphyrrhynchus 193, 195, 196, 238 Diplolophtus 87 Diplotoma 190, 191, 237 dirempta 114, 115, 116, 121, 224 Discoblax 126, 224 Discolomatidae 8, 9, 175, 235 discretus 154, 231 disjunctus 45, 47, 53, 54 dispar 167 disparilis 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 223

247

Disteninae 125 distigma 176, 178 distinctus 90, 220 Ditoma 190, 191, 237 Dorcatoma 100, 222 Dorcatominae 99, 100 dorsalis 92, 94, 221 dorsata 87, 220 Dropoidea 89 Drosophila 2 Dryocaetes 154 Dryophthoridae 37, 134, 135, 138 Dryophthorus 139, 226 Dryopidae 8 Dryopoidea 8 Dryotribus 142, 143, 227 dubium 144, 227 dumetorum 144, 228 duplicatus 68, 69, 216 duplovestitus 149, 229 Dynastinae 80, 81, 84 Dysantini 193 Dysceladus 198 Dysnos 136, 225 Dytiscidae 6, 12, 13, 210 Dytiscus 15 E ecarinatus 139, 226 Eccoptopterus 154, 231 echinatus 150, 230 Edaphus 64, 78, 215, 216 Egadroma 38, 41, 42 Egaploa 38, 42 egregia 71, 217 Eidoreus 109, 111, 112, 114, 223 Eka 207, 208, 240 Elaphropus 38, 40, 212, 213 Elassochiton 83 Elastrus 92, 94, 221 Elateridae 7, 8, 36, 91, 192, 220 Elateriformia 6, 86 Elaterinae 91 Elateroidea 8, 90 elegans 71, 72, 217 Eleusinini 65

Eleusis 65, 66, 216 Elmidae 8, 12, 13, 18, 210 elongatulus 45, 46, 48 Endaeus 151, 152, 230 Endomychidae 8, 9, 36, 105, 109, 111, 113, 114, 223 Enicmosoma 193, 196, 238 Enicmus 183, 184, 236 Ennearthron 185, 187, 237 Enochrus 12, 23, 26, 32, 211 Enoplurus 20, 26, 34 Entiminae 140, 146 Eotachys 38, 41, 212 Epierus 49 Epiphaleria 193, 196, 238 Epitaphius 136, 225 Eretes 12, 15, 18, 33, 210 erichsoni 45, 47, 52, 53, 213 erosus 147, 229 erratus 142, 226 eruditus 154, 231 Espeson 65, 66, 78, 216 Esthesopinae 91 Euaesthetinae 61, 64, 78 Euchionellus 183, 184 Eucnemidae 7, 8, 90, 220 Eucneminae 90 Euconnus 58, 214 Eucycloteres 148, 229 Eugnoristus 139, 226 Euiridotaenia 87, 88, 220 Eulomalus 46, 50, 54, 213 eumelas 136, 225 Eumolpinae 204, 207, 209 Euops 137, 226 Euplectitae 70 Eupsasalis 138, 226 Eupsilobiinae 112, 113 Eurycratus 172, 234 Eurygeniinae 201 Eurygenius 201, 202, 239 euryphacus 41, 212 Eutochia 193, 196, 238 Euxestinae 173 Euxestus 173, 234 exarata 139, 226 excavatus 153, 231 excisipalpis 99, 100, 222

248

exiguus 40, 65, 66, 106, 107, 216, 223 eximius 96, 221 Exocentrus 132, 225 Exochomus 177, 178, 235 explanata 161, 167, 233 externedentatus 152, 230 exul 77, 218 F fairmairei 119 Falagria 61, 63, 215 Falagriini 61 Falsogastallus 99, 101, 222 Falsomordellistena 114, 115, 116, 119, 223 farquharensis 12, 16, 18, 210 fasciata 119 fasciculata 71, 72, 217 fasciculatus 135, 225 fauveli 132, 225 felicitas 58, 185, 186, 214, 236 femoratum 129, 224 ferrugineus 67, 155, 167 Figulus 79, 219 ﬁliformis 90, 143, 220, 227 ﬁlum 145, 228 ﬁmbriolatus 75, 218 ﬂavescens 92, 94, 221 ﬂavipes 98, 99, 119, 128, 177, 178, 222, 224, 235 ﬂavocephala 62, 215 ﬂavohumeralis 11, 13, 28, 29, 212 ﬂexicarinatus 185, 188, 237 ﬂexirostris 149, 229 formicarius 138 Fornax 90, 220 fortipunctata 204, 205, 239 fortirostris 149, 229 foveatus 147, 229 foveicollis 162, 164, 232 foveifrons 193, 195, 238 foveiventris 149, 229 fragilicornis 202, 239 frater 81, 219 frivolus 92, 94, 221 fructicola 12, 21, 211 frumenti 139, 226

fryeri 51, 87, 157, 196, 207, 208, 213, 220, 231, 238, 240 fulvipes 38, 42, 43, 212 fumata 184 fumator 66 funesta 61, 62, 215 furvus 154, 231 fusciceps 162, 164, 232 fuscipes 92, 93, 220 fuscovittatus 127, 224 fuscus 130, 147, 229 fusiforme 143, 227 G Gabrius 74, 75, 218 Gabronthus 75 gahani 177, 181, 235 Galerucinae 204, 208, 209 gardineri 12, 14, 17, 46, 47, 50, 92, 93, 173, 174, 190, 191, 204, 205, 206, 210, 213, 221, 234, 237, 240 Gastraulacinae 90 geminata 131, 132, 225 geminatus 16 Geoendomychus 109, 111, 112, 223 gerlachi 126, 224 germana 99, 101, 222 gibbirostris 149, 229 gigas 136, 225 glaber 159, 160, 232 glauca 125, 126, 224 Glaucytes 129 Glipa 114, 115, 116, 117, 123, 124, 223 Glipostenoda 114, 115, 116, 120, 121, 123, 223, 224 globosa 127 globosus 127, 173, 234 Glycyphana 83 Glyptomina 65 Gnathelops 193, 196, 238 Gnathidiini 194 gomyi 173, 175, 235 gonager 206, 240 gondati 38, 41, 212 Goniaceritae 70 Gonocephalum 193, 196, 197, 238

249

Gonodyrus 92, 94, 221 Gonotrachelus 148, 229 gothicus 99, 101, 222 goudoti 38, 41, 82, 212, 219 gracilipes 92, 93, 221 grande 84, 85, 219 graniger 141, 142, 226 granocostatus 141, 142, 226 granulipennis 85, 219 Graphelocharus 23 grinerae 180 griseoapicalis 119 griseolineata 119 griseovittatus 146, 228 grisescens 200, 201, 239 griseus 12, 15, 18, 210 grossinium 181, 183, 236 Gryphaenina 61 Gschwendtnerhydrus 15 Guignotites 15 Guignotus 15, 16 Gyrinidae 6, 12, 13, 18, 210 Gyrophaena 61, 63, 215 H Halacritus 45, 52, 53, 55, 213 Hapalips 172, 234 Haptoncus 162, 166, 233 Harpalinae 41 Harpalini 38 Harpalus 41 Helochares 12, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 32, 33, 211 hemipterus 162, 164, 232 Hemirhipinae 91 herculeanus 6, 192, 198, 239 Heterobostrychus 98, 222 Heteroceridae 8, 12, 13, 19, 210 heterocerus 77, 218 Heterocerus 12, 19, 210 Heterodes 92 Heterolitus 108 Heterophyllus 194, 197, 238 Himatinum 143, 227 hintzi 152, 230 hispidulus 149, 229 hispidus 193, 194, 238

Hispinae 204, 209 Hister 48, 49, 52 Histeridae 6, 7, 34, 37, 45, 54, 55, 86, 213 Holobus 61, 63, 215 Holotrochus 65 Homalorrhynchus 148, 229 Homalotini 62 Hormiscops 135, 136, 225 Hoshihananomia 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 223 Hovatoma 126, 127 Hughia 71, 72, 217 humeralis 38, 39, 125, 162, 164, 212, 232 humeroalatus 148, 229 humerosa 130, 224 humilis 16 Hybosoridae 79, 80, 219 Hydraena 12, 19, 29, 30, 33, 210 Hydraenidae 6, 12, 13, 19, 210 Hydraenopsis 19 Hydrobaticus 23, 24, 33 Hydrocaticus 23 Hydroglyphus 12, 15, 16, 18, 210 Hydrophilidae 6, 12, 13, 19, 210 Hydrophiloidea 6, 31, 32, 45 Hydrovatus 12, 16, 17, 18, 31, 210 Hyllisia 133, 225, 241 Hyphalus 13, 27, 29, 32, 211 Hyphydrus 12, 16, 18, 31, 210 Hypocaccus 45, 47, 52, 53, 54, 213 Hypocyphtii 61 Hypolithus 42, 43 Hypopentathrum 143, 227 Hypothenemus 154, 155, 231 I Idiomelas 38, 42, 212 Idobrium 128, 129, 224 immaculatus 93 impressicollis 57, 66, 214 impressipennis 40, 213 impressus 12, 16, 18, 210 inaequidens 194, 198, 238 inarmatus 169, 233 incivilis 142, 227 incrustatus 143, 227 inermis 12, 20, 150, 211, 230

250

inﬂata 13, 25, 26, 211 Iniocyphini 71 Inopeplus 171, 234 inopinatus 48 insignis 185, 186, 236 instabilis 131, 224 insulaelongae 182, 235 insulana 63, 100, 215, 222 insulare 22, 157, 158, 231 insularis 38, 39, 61, 63, 64, 65, 71, 80, 85, 92, 94, 175, 176, 188, 189, 200, 207, 208, 213, 215, 216, 217, 221, 235, 237, 239, 240 insularius 13, 27, 28, 29, 212 insularum 58, 60, 214 interpunctatus 38, 42, 213 Iresiodes 129, 224, 241 irroreus 76, 218 Isocheilus 68, 69, 216 J Jacobsoniidae 8, 36, 96, 221 janaki 70 javanus 154, 231 johnstoni 87 jucundulus 38, 40, 41, 213 K Keeta 207, 208, 240 kraatzi 66, 155 krishna 204, 206, 240 Kuijtenous 80, 219 L Labarrus 81, 219 Laccophilus 12, 16, 17, 18, 210 lacteoguttatus 130 lacustris 75, 218 Laemophloeidae 8, 9, 170, 234 Laemophloeus 170, 234 laeta 95, 221 laeticollis 63, 215

laetulus 168, 169, 233 laetus 136, 225 laeviceps 80, 219 laevigatus 66, 193, 194, 237 laeviusculus 177, 178, 235 Lagriinae 192 Laius 11, 160, 232 lambacrias 209, 240 Lamia 130, 132 Lamiinae 130 Lampetis 87, 88, 220 Lampyridae 7, 8, 32, 35, 89, 95, 96, 160, 161, 201, 221 lareyniei 103 lareynii 103, 104, 223 Lascotonus 190, 191, 237 Lasiodactylus 162, 166, 167, 233 Lasioderma 99, 101 Lasiotrupis 143, 227 lateoblonga 99, 101, 222 laterisignatus 159, 232 Lathrididae 37 laticaput 172, 234 laticeps 81, 82, 219 laticolle 41, 42, 212 laticollis 12, 21, 41, 42, 154, 211, 231 latirostris 145, 228 latiusculus 142, 227 Latridiidae 8, 9, 183, 236 laxatus 52 leander 15 Lebiinae 43 Lebiini 38 leopardina 207 lepidus 152, 230 Leptacinus 74, 75, 218 Leptocera 129 Leptusa 62 Lepydnus 147, 228 Leucocelis 83 lewisi 52 Lewisium 181, 182, 236 Liagonum 38, 43, 212 licheneus 136, 225 Licininae 41 lila 207, 240 liliputianum 174 limbatus 70, 78, 217

251

Limnichidae 8, 13, 27, 211 lineare 56, 214 linearis 138, 139, 226 lineola 201 lineolatus 141, 226 Liopterus 14 Lispinina 65 Lispinodes 65, 66, 216 Lispinus 65, 66, 67, 216 litoralis 146, 228 lividus 81, 219 livornicus 22 lodoiceae 58, 60, 81, 82, 149, 215, 219, 230 lodoiceicola 145, 228 lodoiceivorus 143, 227 Lonchotus 84, 86, 219 longicolle 143, 227 longicollis 62, 71, 215, 217 longicornis 90, 220 longipennis 143, 188, 189, 227, 237 Longitarsus 204, 205, 240 longuis 173, 174, 234 Lophocateres 158 Lucanidae 6, 7, 37, 79, 80, 219 Luciola 95, 221 lunulatus 177, 180, 235 lutea 207 luteipes 136, 225 luteolus 162, 166, 233 lutosus 92, 93, 221 Lyctinae 97 Lyctus 97, 98, 222 Lymexylidae 8 lymexylon 139, 226 Lymexylonidae 36, 45, 89, 91, 97, 105, 157, 158, 231 Lymexyloniodea 8 Lymexylonoidea 67, 155, 167 M Macrotoma 126 maculata 84 madagascariensis 155, 167, 168, 193, 198, 231, 233, 238 madagassa 177, 180, 235 madecassa 119

madli 13, 27, 32, 125, 211 magdaloides 150, 230 magniceps 74, 75, 218 magnus 79, 219 maheana 64, 215 mahena 38, 43, 44, 87, 88, 114, 115, 116, 120, 220, 224 Mahena 193, 197, 238 Mahenes 132, 133, 225 mahense 73, 74, 96, 97, 218, 221 mahensis 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33, 165, 185, 186, 204, 206, 210, 211, 212, 233, 236, 240 mahenus 90, 91, 92, 93, 198, 220, 221, 238 Malachiidae 11, 161 Malachiinae 160 Malthacodes 160, 232 mancus 156 marinus 67, 77, 216, 218 mascarensis 155 Mausoleopsis 83, 219 maxima 99, 102, 222 Mecedanum 190, 191, 237 medius 154, 231 Medon 68, 69, 70, 216 megacephalus 161, 165, 232 Megapenthes 92, 94, 221 Meioderus 182, 236 melanarius 68 melancholica 38, 39, 212 Melandryidae 36, 188, 189, 237 melanocephalus 92, 94, 221 melanophthalmus 19, 23, 24, 33 Melanoxanthus 92, 94, 221 Melarhinus 143, 227 Melasidae 36, 90, 91, 95 Melasinae 90 Melittoma 157, 158 Melittomma 157, 158 mellerborgi 139, 226 Melolontha 85 Melolonthinae 81, 84 Melyridae 8, 9, 32, 35, 89, 95, 96, 160, 161, 201, 232 Melyris 160 Mesocoelopsis 99, 101, 222 Mesothes 100, 222 Metadorcatoma 100, 222

252

Metatheca 100, 101, 222 Metaxya 63 Methydrus 23, 32 Metophthalmus 183, 184 micantipenne 193, 197, 238 Micracantha 132 microcephalum 143, 227 Microcrypticus 193, 197, 238 Microhimatium 143, 227 Microlara 12, 18, 29, 30, 31, 33, 210 Micronoemia 125, 126, 224 microphthalmus 148, 229 Microplatymerus 143, 157, 227 micros 161, 165, 232 microthorax 68, 69, 216 Microthyrea 83 Microtrupis 143, 227 mimetes 171, 234 mimeticus 143, 227 Mimogonus 65, 66 minimus 77, 165, 218, 233 minor 58, 59, 109, 110, 111, 146, 204, 205, 214, 223, 228, 239 minutissima 62, 215 minutissimus 182, 236 minutus 49, 98, 109, 111, 112, 162, 165, 166, 183, 184, 222, 223, 233, 236 Mirosternus 99, 100, 222 mixta 117 modesta 92, 220 mollis 12, 22, 26, 211 Molytinae 140, 147 Monanops 169 Monanus 168, 169, 233 monoceros 84, 219 Monomma 192, 237 Monommatidae 10, 191 Monommidae 191, 237 Monotoma 167, 168, 233 Monotomidae 8, 9, 36, 96, 157, 158, 167, 168, 175, 176, 191, 200, 233 monstrosus 112 montanum 60 monticola 100, 222 Mordella 114, 115, 117, 118, 119 Mordellaria 114, 115, 116, 118, 223 Mordellidae 10, 35, 114, 119, 122, 123, 124, 223

Mordellina 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 224 Mordellini 114, 115, 116, 124 Mordellistena 114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 224 Mordellistenini 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 124

morigerus 156 morstatti 156 motoensis 119 multifasciatus 133, 225 multivaga 140, 226 muriceus 142, 227 murina 136, 225 musae 138, 139, 226 muticus 146, 228 Mycetophagidae 8, 10, 37, 60, 99, 108, 171, 172, 175, 184, 236 Mychocerus 173, 174, 234 Mycterinae 188, 189 Mycteromimus 188, 189, 237 Mycterus 189 Myocaldanra 139, 226 Myothorax 162, 163, 164 Myriochila 38, 39, 212 Myriochile 39, 212 N Nacaeus 65, 66, 67, 216 natalensis 12, 23, 26, 32, 87, 211 nauticus 74, 75, 218 Necrobia 159, 232 neglectus 68, 216 nemoralis 145, 228 Neohydrocoptus 13, 27, 29, 212 Neosilusa 62, 63, 215 Neothesiastes 71, 72, 217 Neotrichus 173, 190, 191, 237 nepenthicola 147, 228 Nephus 180 Neseuthia 58, 59, 214 Nesiotus 106, 107, 223 Nesohispa 209, 240 Nesohoplias 85, 219 Nesolathrus 183, 184, 236 Nesotheca 99, 100, 101, 102, 222, 223 Nesotoxidium 73

253

Nethinius 125 nigra 207, 208, 240 nigriceps 12, 21, 30, 34, 38, 43, 211, 212 nigrifrons 12, 19, 23, 26, 211 nigripennis 68, 69, 71, 72, 217 nigritus 81, 82, 177, 178, 219 nigrofasciatum 73, 74, 218 nigrolimbatus 149, 230 nigromaculatus 178 nigroungulatus 136 Nilaphodius 81, 82, 219 nitescens 168, 170, 234 nitidicolle 129, 224 nitidifrons 67, 216 nitidior 161, 167, 233 nitidula 145, 228 Nitidulidae 8, 9, 32, 37, 161, 163, 167, 232 Nitidulinae 161, 166 nitidum 173, 174, 234 notatus 162, 232 Noteridae 6, 13, 27, 211 Notiobia 38, 41, 212 Notiophygidae 96, 157, 158, 168, 175, 176, 191, 200 Notophygidae 37 Notosacantha 207, 240 notula 13, 27, 211 nudicollis 12, 20, 211 O obesus 71, 217 obliquata 132 oblongosignatus 177, 180, 235 oblongus 155, 231 Obrium 129, 224 obscurellus 66, 216 obscurus 162, 166, 233 oceaniae 96, 221 oceanicus 75, 202, 218, 239 ocellaris 98 ochropezus 42 ochropterus 164 Octomicrus 71, 72, 217 ocularis 162, 166, 233 oculatus 109, 111, 112, 223 Odacanthini 38

Oedemeridae 10, 200, 239 Oedmeridae 36 Olenecamptus 130, 224, 241 Olibrus 108 Oligota 63 Omaliinae 61, 64 Omobathus 71, 72, 217 omostigma 39 Oochlaenius 38, 41 Oochleanius 41 opaculus 161, 165, 232 Opatropis 198, 238 Ophionea 43 orientalis 144, 227 ornatus 135, 169, 225, 233 Orphilus 96, 222 Orphininae 81 Orthoperus 182, 236 Orthotemnus 143, 227 Oryctes 84, 219 oryzae 138 Oryzaephilus 168, 169 Osoriinae 61, 65, 78 Osoriini 65 Osorius 65, 67, 216 Ostomidae 36, 96, 157, 158, 168, 175, 176, 191, 200 Ostomopsis 173, 234 Otomopsinae 173 ovatula 56, 214 owas 87, 88, 220 Oxacis 200, 201, 239 Oxycetonia 83, 219 Oxydema 143, 227 Oxyomus 82 Oxytelinae 61, 67 Oxythyrea 83, 219 P Pachmerus 206 Pachycallida 38, 44, 212 Pachyderinae 91 Pachydinodes 38, 41 Pachyebaeus 160, 161, 232 Pactolinus 48, 54, 55 Paederinae 61, 68, 78

254

Palaminus 68, 70, 217 palans 49 Pallenis 159, 232 pallida 193, 196, 238 pallidus 154, 196, 231 palmarum 81, 82, 219 palmicola 151, 230 Palorus 193, 198, 238 palustris 67, 68, 216 Panaphantina 71 pandanae 144, 227 pandanicola 149 pandanorum 12, 14, 17, 30, 210 pandicola 149, 230 Paracymus 12, 24, 26, 35, 211 Paracynus 24 Paracyphea 61, 62, 64, 215 Paradandamis 127, 224 Paragonus 65 parallelocollis 173, 190, 191, 237 parallelus 48, 130, 145, 149, 152, 185, 186, 228, 230, 236 Paralocus 127, 224 Paralyreus 190, 191, 237 Paranillus 38, 39, 213 Paraphloeostiba 65, 216 Parastasia 6, 85, 86, 220 Paratrichapus 185, 188, 237 Paratrogoderma 96, 97, 221 parcesquamosus 146 Parischius 108 parki 173, 234 Paromalus 49, 50, 54 Paroosternum 13, 25, 26, 31, 32, 211 particularis 112 partilis 114, 115, 116, 119, 223 parvulus 23 parvus 154, 231 patruelis 162 pavoninus 38, 42, 213 peculiaris 100, 222 pedestris 196 pedicularius 77, 218 Pedilidae 35 Pedini 193 peliomerus 76, 218 Pelocatus 14 Pelochrus 160, 161, 232

pennifer 68, 70, 217 Pentagonica 38, 43, 212 Pentagonicini 38 Pentarthrum 143, 144, 227 peregrinum 193, 197, 238 peregrinus 76, 218 perexigua 58, 59, 214 perexiguus 103, 104, 223 perforans 155, 231 Perigona 38, 43, 212 Perigonini 38 perigrinator 114, 115, 116, 117, 223 peringueyi 17 Perissosoma 84, 85, 219 permixtus 52 peropacus 149, 230 perparvulum 174, 234 perplexa 39, 212 perrieri 38, 43, 44, 212 Petalium 100, 102, 223 peyrierasi 66, 67, 174, 216 Phaenicobates 148, 149, 150, 229, 230 Phaenicobatopsis 150, 230 Phaenocephalinae 106, 107 Phaenocephalus 107 Phaenomerus 141, 226 Phaeocrous 80 Phalacratomus 106, 107, 223 Phalacridae 8, 9, 36, 37, 60, 99, 106, 108, 171, 172, 175, 184, 223 Phalacrinae 106 phalacrodies 173, 234 Phaleria 196 Phaleriini 193 phantasma 71, 72, 217 Pheropsophus 38, 39, 212, 213 Philhydrus 22, 23 philiberti 89, 220 Philonthus 74, 75, 76, 78, 218 Philothermus 173, 174, 175, 235 Philydrus 22, 23 Phlaeobius 136, 225 Phlaeophagosoma 144, 227 Phloeonomus 65, 78 Phlyctenolotis 177, 179, 235 Phoenicobates 148, 149, 229 Phoenicogenus 150, 230 Phrenapatinae 192

255

Physorhininae 92 picaultium 181, 183, 236 picea 71, 73, 98, 217, 222 piceus 74, 75, 136, 155, 218, 226 pictum 74 pictus 162, 167, 233 pilicornis 150, 230 piligera 143, 227 pilosellus 87, 88, 220 piscarius 52 Placonotus 170, 234 Placusa 61, 64, 215 Placusini 61 planatus 159, 232 Platyclerus 159, 232 Platydema 194, 198, 238 Platygnathus 126, 224 Platylister 46, 47, 213 Platylomalus 46, 47, 49, 50, 213 Platymetopus 38, 42, 213 Platyninae 43 Platypodinae 134, 137, 140, 152 Platypus 152, 230 Platysoma 47, 55 Pleganophorinae 112 Plesioderes 193, 198, 238 plicata 61, 63, 215 plutonus 177, 179, 235 polita 58, 59, 145, 167, 168, 214, 228, 233 politissimus 170, 234 politulus 66, 216 Polyderis 40 Polyphaga 6, 45, 78 Polytus 139, 226 Porthmidius 92, 94, 95, 221 posticus 12, 17, 18, 210 Potergus 90, 220 prasina 87, 220 praslinense 73, 74, 218 praslinensis 100, 102, 150, 159, 185, 186, 198, 204, 206, 223, 230, 232, 236, 238, 240 Praslinia 174 Praslirylon 173, 174, 234 Pratima 204, 205, 240 Pria 161, 167, 233 Prioninae 126 Proeces 144, 227

prolongatus 20 Prolycaon 90, 220 Propalticidae 8, 9, 171, 234 Propalticus 60, 99, 108, 171, 172, 175, 184, 234

proprior 170, 234 Propsephus 91, 95, 221 Prosoplus 132, 225 Prostominia 171, 234 Protaetia 83, 84, 219 Protomelittomma 157, 231 providenciae 83 pruinosum 192, 237 pruinosus 56, 214 Psammoecus 168, 170, 234 Pselaphiinae 61 Pselaphinae 37, 70 Psephus 95 Pseudalexia 112 Pseudespeson 66, 78 Pseudhadrus 193, 198, 238, 239 Pseudocastalia 87 Pseudocentrus 132 Pseudomordellistena 122 Pseudopaussus 112 Pseudosiopelus 38, 43 Ptenidium 56, 57, 214 Pterolophia 131, 224 Pterostichinae 41 Pterostichini 38 Ptiliidae 6, 7, 36, 56, 57, 214 Ptiliodes 56, 214 Ptiliolum 56, 57, 214 Ptilodactyla 11, 89, 220 Ptilodactylidae 7, 8, 11, 37, 89, 220 Ptinella 57, 214 Ptinellodes 57, 214 Ptinidae 36, 102, 113 Ptininae 99, 100 Ptinus 99, 100, 101, 222 puberulus 92, 94 pubescens 143, 227 pulchellum 185, 187, 237 pulchellus 14, 38, 43, 109, 111, 213, 223 pulla 193, 196, 238 Pullus 177, 179, 235 Pulposipes 6, 192, 198, 239 punctatellus 70, 217

256

punctatissimum 143, 227 puncticeps 90, 143, 220, 227 puncticollis 63, 215 punctipennis 71, 73, 75, 217, 218 punctulatum 12, 22, 211 punctum 193, 196, 238 pusilloides 170 pusillus 158 pustulosus 136, 225 Pycnomerinae 190 Pycnomerus 190, 191, 237 pygmaeum 12, 23, 26, 211 pygmaeus 81, 83, 153, 219 Pyrochroidae 10 Q quadricollis 133, 225 quadriplagiatus 175, 176, 235 quattuordecimstriata 49 quinquecarinatus 148, 229 quinssyanus 182, 236 R Regimbartia 13, 25, 26, 211 Remus 75, 76, 218 reticulatum 56, 214 reticulatus 76, 218 retithorax 185, 187, 236 Rhabdotohispa 209, 240 Rhamphini 151 Rhantaticus 13 Rhetogenes 142, 226 Rhipidandrini 194 Rhipidandrus 194, 199, 239 Rhizophagidae 167 Rhizophagus 167 rhombophorus 48 Rhynchaenus 151, 230 Rhyncolosoma 144, 227 Rhyparida 207, 208, 240 Rhyparidula 207, 208, 240 Rhypobius 182, 236 Rhyssemus 81, 82, 219 richteri 45, 46, 47, 213

ritsemae 81, 82, 219 rivulorum 12, 17, 18, 31, 210 robusticollis 66, 216 rochonianum 181, 183, 236 Rodolia 177, 179, 235 rombophorus 45, 46, 48, 213 Ropica 131, 225 roslanium 181, 183, 236 rouyeri 112 rubricatus 148, 229 rubripes 49 rudepunctata 62, 215 rufescens 56, 214 ruﬁpes 145, 159, 228, 232 ruﬁtarse 22 ruﬁtarsis 150, 230 ruﬁventris 77, 218 rufoplagiata 38, 44, 212 rufotestaceum 57, 214 rugicollis 137, 226 Rugilus 68, 70, 217 rugipenne 143, 227 rugosicollis 129, 224 rugulosa 100, 101, 222 rusticum 12, 22, 211 Rutelinae 80, 81, 85 S Sacium 181, 183, 236 Salpingidae 9, 171, 234 Santalus 45, 46, 48 Saperda 130, 131 Sapintus 202, 239 Saprinus 45, 47, 52, 53, 213 Saprosites 81, 82, 83, 219 Sarothrias 96, 221 scabripennis 200, 239 scabrosa 11, 89, 220 Scaphididae 35 Scaphidiinae 61 Scaphobaeocera 73, 218 Scaphosoma 73, 74, 218 Scarabaeidae 6, 7, 37, 79, 80, 219 Scarabaeiformia 6, 7, 79 Scarabaeoidea 6, 79 Sciatrophus 147, 229

257

Sciretinus 136, 225 Scirtes 11, 13, 27, 28, 29, 212 Scirtidae 6, 13, 27, 212 Scirtoidea 6 scita 193, 199, 239 Scolytinae 134, 137, 140, 152 Scolytogenes 155, 231 Scopaeus 68, 70, 78, 217 scotti 38, 40, 66, 69, 71, 72, 90, 92, 93, 136, 144, 159, 161, 162, 164, 167, 171, 172, 177, 179, 190, 191, 193, 194, 195, 207, 208, 209, 212, 216, 217, 220, 221, 225, 227, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238, 240 sculpticollis 173, 175, 235 scuticollis 169, 233 Scydmaeidae 37 Scydmaenidae 6, 7, 36, 57, 60, 99, 108, 171, 172, 175, 184, 214 Scydmaenini 58 Scydmaenus 58, 59, 214, 215 Scymnus 177, 179, 180, 235 Scytha 150, 230 sebertensis 150, 230 sechellarum 14, 21, 30, 42, 62, 64, 67, 73, 78, 82, 101, 112, 128, 131, 139, 146, 148, 171, 185, 188, 215, 216, 222, 224, 225, 228, 229, 234, 237 sechellensis 12, 17, 23, 24, 26, 85, 210, 211 segregatus 147, 228 selika 83 semifasciatus 132, 133, 225 semigranosus 156 semipunctatus 71, 72, 217 semitibialis 127, 224 senecionis 85, 219 senex 58, 92, 214, 220 Sepedophilus 76, 77, 218 septemcarinata 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 224

septiceps 150, 230 seriatus 154, 155, 198, 239 Serica 85 sericata 145, 228 sericatus 11, 160, 232 Sericoderus 181, 183, 236 serricorne 99, 101 serripes 148, 229

servillianus 12, 15, 17, 18, 210 sexcristatus 142, 226 sexmaculata 177, 235 sexspinosus 154 Seychellaltica 204, 206, 240 seychellarum 20, 30, 40, 126, 128, 144, 164, 166, 179, 181, 182, 198, 199, 203, 224, 227, 236, 238, 239 seychellensis 13, 27, 28, 29, 39, 58, 60, 65, 71, 73, 79, 82, 85, 99, 101, 108, 125, 140, 141, 165, 180, 181, 183, 185, 188, 193, 194, 207, 208, 212, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 222, 226, 233, 236, 237, 238, 240 Shoguna 167, 168, 233 Shutea 142, 226 sicana 190, 191, 237 silhouettae 12, 20, 26, 30, 73, 74, 99, 101, 211, 218, 222 silhouettensis 12, 20, 26, 30, 73, 74, 99, 101, 145, 211, 218, 222, 228 Silvanidae 8, 9, 36, 168, 170, 233 Silvaninae 168, 169 Silvanoprus 169, 233 Silvanus 169, 170, 233 silvestris 144, 227 silvicola 76, 145, 185, 187, 218, 228, 236 similis 106, 107, 155, 156, 223, 231 simillima 100, 102, 223 simoni 168, 170, 234 simplex 150, 193, 196, 197, 230, 238 singularis 65, 190, 194, 199, 237, 239 Sinoxylon 97, 98, 222 Siopelus 38, 42, 43, 213 Sitophilus 138, 139, 226 sobrinus 162, 166, 233 solitaria 173, 234 solitarius 92, 95, 221 sorbrinus 136, 225 sordidus 16, 138, 226 sparsutus 146 spectabilis 64, 216 specularis 67, 216 speculifrons 194, 199, 239 Spermophagus 206, 240 Sphadasmus 141, 142, 226 sphaeropterus 148, 229 Sphindidae 8, 9, 37, 45, 89, 91, 97, 102,

258 103, 105, 223 Sphodrias 150, 230 Spinosodineutus 18 spinosus 154, 231 spissus 151, 230 Sponsor 87, 88, 220 spurcus 142, 226 stagnicola 25 Staphylinidae 6, 7, 35, 37, 60, 77, 78, 215 Staphyliniformia 6, 45 Staphylininae 61, 74 Staphylinoidea 6, 56, 78, 214 3Stelidota 161, 167, 233 Stenaptinus 38, 39 Stenichnoteras 58, 60, 215 Steninae 61, 76 Stenociniinae 193 Stenocylidrus 159, 160, 232 Stenoglipa 117, 124, 223 Stenolophidius 38, 42, 213 Stenolophina 38 Stenolophus 38, 41, 42, 212 Stenomimus 144, 227 Stenommatus 138, 139, 226 Stenomorda 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 223 Stenopentarthrum 144, 227 Stenoscelis 145, 228 Stenotrupis 144, 145, 228 Stenus 76, 78, 218 Steocylidrus 159, 160, 232 Stephanoderes 154 stercorea 184, 236 sternalis 90, 220 Stethorus 176, 180, 235 stevensoniae 150, 185, 187, 230, 236 Sticholotis 177, 180, 235 sticticus 15 Stictodrya 188, 189, 237 stigmaticollis 139 Stilboides 107 Stilbus 106, 107, 108, 223 Stilicus 70 strangulatus 139, 226 striatus 79, 219 stricticollis 150, 230 strigosus 68, 69, 217 striola 200, 201, 239 Stromatium 127, 224

subcincuts 147 subdepressa 99, 102, 223 subdepressus 175, 176, 235 subeuropaea 207 sublacernatus 185, 186, 236 submaculatus 93 submarginata 200, 201, 239 subpallipes 165, 233 subplagiatus 161, 165, 232 subplana 100, 222 subreticulatus 132, 225 subspinosus 12, 18, 210 subsquamosus 185, 186, 236 subunifasciata 119 subvittulus 13, 27, 29, 212 Sulcoptinus 99, 101, 222 sulphurea 177, 235 sundaensis 70 sundara 204, 205, 240 Sunius 68, 70, 217 Sunorfa 71, 72, 73, 217 Sunorfoides 72, 73 surinamensis 168, 169 suturalis 142, 177, 227 Sybra 131, 132, 225 Sycites 150, 230 T Tachura 38, 40 Tachyphanes 40 Tachyporinae 61, 76 tachyporoides 77, 218 Tachys 38, 40, 41, 213 Tachyura 38, 40 Tagalus 192, 199, 239 takamakaensis 161 tantillum 173, 174, 234 tantillus 165, 233 Tanygnathus 75 Tanyomus 151, 230 tarsalis 92, 94, 145, 221, 228 Tarsostenus 159, 160, 232 Telopes 97 Temnorrhamphus 145, 228 Temnorrhynchus 84, 219 Tenebrionidae 10, 36, 123, 189, 192, 199,

259 200, 201, 202, 203, 237 Tenebrioninae 192 Tenebrionini 193 Tenebrionoidea 8 tener 135, 225 tenuibrachium 100, 222 tenuiculus 142, 226 tenuilineata 39 tenuimargo 46, 47, 213 tenuipunctata 62, 204, 205, 215, 240 tenuis 150, 230 tenuitarse 85 terminata 65, 66, 216 termitophilus 112, 114 terreus 148, 229 tesselatus 136, 225 testacea 63, 215 testaceomarginatus 68, 69, 217 testaceorufus 68, 70, 217 testaceum 57, 214 Tetragonoderus 44, 213 Tetragonorrhamphus 145, 228 Thea 177, 181, 235 thermarum 75 Thinodromus 67, 68, 216 Thisias 189 thomasseti 13, 25, 30, 100, 102, 211, 223 thoracicus 93, 106, 108, 223 Thoracogonus 65, 67, 216 Thoracophorini 65, 78 Thorcophorina 65 Throscidae 7, 8, 37, 45, 89, 91, 97, 105, 220 Throscidium 57, 214 Thyroderus 173, 175, 235 tibialis 136, 225 Tinodemus 106, 107, 108, 223 torquatus 156 torticornis 203, 239 Toxicinae 192 Toxidium 73, 74, 218 Tragocephala 131, 224 trapeziformis 68, 69, 217 Trapezirrhynchus 145, 228 Trechicus 38, 43 Trechinae 39 Trelasus 92, 95, 221 Triboliini 193 Tribolium 193, 199

Trichonychini 71 tricolor 115, 117 trilunaris 39, 212 trimaculatus 93, 130 Triomicrus 71, 73, 217 triplaris 140, 226 tripunctatus 12, 14, 15, 18, 210 trivitte 42, 212 trivittis 41 Trixagus 91, 220 Trochoideus 109, 111, 112, 113, 114, 223 Trochorhopalus 139, 226 troglodytes 47, 49, 50, 213 Trogoderma 97 Trogossitidae 8, 9, 158, 231 tropica 62, 63, 215 Tropicis 185, 188, 237 tropicus 106, 107, 223 truncatus 84, 219 trypanus 154, 231 tuberculatus 198 tuberculirostirs 145, 228 Tychiini 151 Typhaea 184, 236 typica 58, 59, 73, 99, 102, 214, 218, 223 typicus 183, 184, 236 Tyrtaeus 194, 199, 239 U Uloma 193, 199, 239 Ulomini 193 umbrosa 85 undulatus 96, 97, 221 unicolor 97 unicristatus 148, 229 unifasciata 208, 240 uniformis 21 univittatus 159, 160, 232 Urophorus 161, 162, 164, 232 Uvarus 12, 17, 18, 31, 210 V valens 154 validus 154

260

variabilis 154, 204, 205, 231, 240 variegata 177, 181, 235 variegates 193 variipennis 68, 69, 217 Vathydrus 16 velutinus 70 ventralis 177, 178 verschaffeltiae 148, 229 versicolor 83, 219 versutus 85, 219 viridisparsus 147, 228 viriditincta 193, 195, 238 viriditinctus 137, 226 vitellinus 92, 93, 221 vittatipenis 119 vittatus 150, 230 voeltzkowi 128, 177, 180, 224, 235 volvulus 156 Volvulus 25 vulgaris 154 vulpes 12, 19, 210 vulpinus 96, 97, 222

X Xamerpillus 177, 181, 235 Xamerpus 160 xantholoma 38, 43 Xenotropis 137, 226 Xuthia 190, 191, 237 Xyleborinus 155 Xyleborus 155, 156, 231 Xylobius 90, 91, 220 Xylographus 185, 188, 237 Xyloperthella 98, 222 Xyloperthini 98 Xylophilidae 36, 203 Xylophilus 203 Xylopsocus 98 Xylosandrus 156 Xylothrips 98, 99, 222 Xystrocera 127 Z Zidalus 193, 199, 200, 239

W wrighti 126, 224

261

Colour plates

262

Plate 1. Water beetles, scale bars 0.5 cm. Photos: M.A. Jäch & M. Madl Plate 2. Water beetles, scale bar 0.1 cm. Photos: M.A. Jäch & M. Madl Plate 3. Cerambycidae, scale bar 1 cm. Photos: E. Vives except Coptops, Hyllisia, Iresiodes and Olenecamptus (J. Gerlach) Plate 4. Curculionoidea. Photos: F. Pelsue & C. O’Brien

Captions for Plates 1-2 Figs. 1-6: 1) Dineutus subspinosus, 2) Copelatus aldabricus, 3) C. gardineri, 4) Cybister tripunctatus africanus, 5) Hydaticus servillianus, 6) Eretes griseus. Scales: 0.5 cm, a: Fig. 4, b: Figs. 1-3, c: Figs. 5, 6. Figs. 7-14: 7) Laccophilus addendus, 8) Hyphydrus impressus, 9) Hydroglyphus farquharensis, 10) Uvarus sechellensis, 11) U. rivulorum, 12) Hydrovatus acuminatus, 13) Canthydrus notula, 14) Neohydrocoptus subvittulus seychellensis. Scales: 0.1 cm, d: Figs. 7, 8, e: Figs. 9-14. Figs. 15-24: 15) Hydraena mahensis, 16) Paroosternum degayanum, 17) Paromicrus atomus, 18) P. carinatus, 19) P. thomasseti, 20) Bourdonnaisia mahensis, 21) B. silhouettae, 22) Cercyon fructicola, 23) C. conjiciens, 24) Paracymus alluaudianus. Scale: 0.1 cm. Figs. 25-32: 25) Helochares sechellensis, 26) Chasmogenus mollis, 27) Enochrus natalensis, 28) Regimbartia inﬂata, 29) Berosus cuspidatus, 30) Dactylosternum pygmaeum, 31) D. abdominale, 32) Coelostoma punctulatum. Scale: 0.1 cm. Figs. 33-38: 33) Microlara mahensis, 34) Heterocerus vulpes, 35) Hyphalus madli, 36) Cyphon insularius, 37) Scirtes mahensis, 38) S. ﬂavohumeralis. Scale: 0.1 cm.

Plate 1.

263 2

1

4 9

3

12

6

5

13

10

7

8

14 11

Plate 2

264

16

17 18

15

33

34 19

20 21

35

22

23 36 24

25

26 37 27

32

38 28

29 30

31

Plate 3 Ceresium albopubens

265

Dyscoblax wrighti female male

Mahenes multifasciatus

Mahenes semifasciatus Paradandamis fuscovittata Micronoemia gerlachei

Pterolophia instabilis Coptops humerosa

Tragocephala alluaudi

Olenecamptus bilobus

Iresiodes aldabrensis

Hyllisia quadricollis

Plate 4

266

Euops viriditinctus

Sintrops alloeus

Cleranthribus colydiopsis

Phaenomerus lineolatus Dryophthorus ecarinatus Dryotribus mimeticus

Acalles seychellensis

Cryptorhynchidius graniger Cossonus suturalis

Barianus litoralis

Cycloternius ampliatus

Cycloternius humerolatus

Rhynchaemus spissus

Phoenicobates ﬂexirostris

Cratopus griseovittatus

Endaeus curvimanus

Platypus sp.

Scolytinae