The Art of Go Series: Volume Two Capturing Stones
Wu Dingyuan and Yu Xing Editor - Everett Thiele
Originally published by the People's Athletic Publishing Co., China, under the title of Measures Following Capture
All rights reserved according to international law. This book and any parts thereof may not be reproduced in print or electronically without written permission from the publisher.
ISBN 1 - 889554 - 17 - 0
Table of Contents
Editing, layout, and diagrams by Everett Thiele Proof Assistance - David Dows, John Lamping, and Steve Plate Translated by Dr. Sidney W.K. Yuan Preface-
3
Chapter 1- Under the Stones (ishi-no-shita)
5
Problems 1-32
And it came to pass at midnight that the LORD struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of livestock. Exodus 12:29
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Chapter 2- Oversized Eyes (nakade)
69
Problems 33-65 .
Chapter 3- Other Techniques
135
Problems 66-91
Index and Glossary-
189
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Preface In go there are various capturing techniques which require sacrificing stones. Most beginners fail to see these moves. Even advanced players might overlook them if they don't pay attention. Mastering these techniques equips a player with powerful weapons for both attack and defense. In addition, the training in visualization that we get by studying these tactical finesses will serve us in good stead even in more straightforward positions. Generally, there are the following three kinds of sacrifice techniques, each of which is devoted a chapter: 1) Under the Stones (Ishi-no-shita)- This spectacular technique involves allowing your opponent to make a seemingly decisive capture in order to set up a recapture, thereby forming an eye, taking territory or forcing ko. 2) Killing Oversized Eyes (Nakade)- With this technique you also sacrifice some stones in order to then make a placement at the vital point inside the resulting oversized eye. In most cases this reduces the nakade to only one eye, but in certain positions you can convert the whole nakade into a single false eye. You are no doubt familiar with such unsettled shapes as the pyramid-four, bulky-five and flowery-six. However, if the defender's position has certain defects, you can even sacrifice larger shapes which are related to these basic patterns. 3) Other Sacrifice Techniques- Concerning various ways of using throw-ins to force your opponent into shortage of liberties or make false eyes.
2
This book provides thorough training in the three types of techniques listed above. By working through the following reading problems, you can practice these skills and improve your level of play. 3
The Art of Capturing Stones Sacrifice Techniques
Chapter 1 Under the stones (Ishi-no-shita)
Problem 1
Black to play
H~(5
~~.
•....• CanB lack kill this white come r group ?
4
5
The Art of Capturing Stones
H6
rt~
~2~
IloqQ :"T'
8
,~
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 2
Correct Answer- Black's throw-in and atari at 1 and 3 force White to connect and lose an eye. Black then turns at 5, letting White capture three black stones by wedging in at 6. Black feeds one more stone at 7, and ifWhite resists by capturing with 8...
White to play
White 4 connects at 1
Continuation- ...Black takes two white stones with 9, breaking the eye and killing the group.
~~ re:
.s: ~ xT ( X
..
111111'....
.....
~
'... 11'111111'
~~'r'" ,.J.;. TY
-
...
...
111111'
Can the surrounded white stones make life?
6
7
-
Sacrifice Techniques
The An of Capturing Stones
~i.
$~ .@@ ')
...••
~
XC~) r I
Problem 4
CorrectAnswer- Black has no choice
White to play
but to widen his eye space with 1, and block at 3, making an eye. White expects Black to respond to the throwin at 6 by capturing, but instead Black connects at 7, letting White capture six stones.
.... :: .. )..,.-:.r: ":l.. '~ ...." ~,Q". p.~ 0 ~:~~ ,
Ill.
6 throws in at 4, 8 captures at 2
):<''lII1I'......
Continuation- Black clips off two
,.~'
stones with 9, making a second eye.
\
\--
s
,
At first glance, Black looks alive. However, White can kill by playing under the stones.
10
11
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- The atari at white 1 is inevitable, but the descent to white 3 is an exquisite play, forcing Black to descend to 4. White then destroys an eye with 5 and Black is dead. If Black tries to resist by capturing the three white stones with 8, White increases the sacrifice with 9.
Continuation- Black has hoped to make life by capturing the four white stones, but white 11 finishes off the entire group.
Problem 5 Black to play
~-
.~ .I~
-<~~ K)=~ ~
y
~ \"j
It looks like Black only
has one eye in the comer. How should Black play in order to live? 12
13
The Art of Capturing Stones
feOJ( )( Xo. ;; 6 x
1
x .;;,;;
r--{ ~ x
A
'X
)«,/
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 6
Correct Answer- Black thrusts at 1 and plays atari at 3. White 2 and 4 are forced. With the moves from 5 to 14, White captures four black stones.
White to play
::=::
'1!l2 ;:=;
@8a y
~~ A I
Y
I
T
Continuation- Black plays under the stones with 15, making life by killing six white stones. If white 6 in the previous diagram is played at 7, Black plays at 6 forming a seki.
-,
~ A
'"
\..../
.X ......
''11II11''
:!TT
'Y
How can White make use of the under-the-stones technique to kill Black?
14
15
cell)() X oe iii
'!!
;=::;;=;
(6)(
(UX
)l
t;~
l't«) 2
~I
I(
)-H
~
The Art of Capturing Stones
,J'x
;:=:
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 6
Correct Answer- Black thrusts at I and plays atari at 3. White 2 and 4 are forced. With the moves from 5 to 14, White captures four black stones.
White to play
~ 'r A
I
Y T
Continuation- Black plays under the stones with 15, making life by killing six white stones. If white 6 in the previous diagram is played at 7, Black plays at 6 forming a seki.
..... .....
~
l.....4 ..
,/
.....
'X ,I' .....
"1III1l"
:!TT
'Y
How can White make use of the under-the-stones technique to kill Black?
14
15
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 7
White to play
.....
,
-<>:'-./ .J---I-l
~ ~YL .:=:.:=: ::.::
)-1-->-
.
)--
~:: :: ~ 5)(f)l t( )--
'-lJWl flW7~
Correct Answer- The attachment at white 1is the vital point, forcing Black tohaneat 2. Through 8,Black captures four white stones .
"
...
... IOH
~~
~ .. .... .
.. ...
II'
Continuation- White 9 is played under the stones to kill Black.
16
Black is gambling that White won't know how to parry the marked tricky placement. White has to play under the stones to live.
17
The Art of Capturing Stones Sacrifice Techniques
Correc t Answe r- The connection at white 1 and the cut at black 2 are both necessary. White 3 is a tesuji. When Black plays atari with 4, White feeds one more stone, forming an under-thestones shape to make life.
)( )XX )( ) .......
Problem 8 Black to play
Tricked If White plays 3 here instead, Black has the tesuji at 4. If White captures the two black stones, Black throws back in at the marked stone killing the white group. '
.....
~iO -(?C ?y-~~ - k)OC'\~ ,-/'
~......, ".~
T
18
1'111
......
'l1li"
lIIIl
This doesn't look like an easy group to kill, but with a little imagination and thought it can be done. White may have abundant eye space, but there are some glaring weak points to aim at. 19
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 9 .....
)til(
~ \)( 61 =::ll!: 6( 4~ il
(2
Correct Answer- The placement of black I is at the vital point. The subsequent moves are White's strongest defence, but after the capture with white 8...
'Ill
=~
(8)(
r::.:
......
'lIP
'Ill'"
White to play
_tQC
H·~66 ~
......
1-4.(
'Ill'"
""
n•.x .;=::
....\. ''IIl~
.IIi 'IIl1I")=<
I-~)V'lllll" ""'Continuation- ...Black can atari at 9, killing White.
./
\.
There are some unsettling defects in Black's shape. The question is: how can White take advantage of them? 20
21
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- White 1 occupies the vital point. If Black blocks at 2, White plays a diagonal move at 3. The connection at black 4 is forced. White feeds in stones with 5 and 7, allowing the black capture at 8.
Problem 10
White to play
Continuation- White plays atari at 9. Black fails to t2rm two eyes and is dead.
Failure- If White uses 3 to cut here instead, Black takes away a white liberty with 4. After the atari at white 5, Black starts ako with 6 and 8. White has failed.
)()()()J
••
I I I I
~
I
?<
1 3 5 7
Failure- IfWhite captures the marked stone, Black makes a hanging connection at 2. With the moves to 8,White tries to pull something off, but Black has effective counters. 5 connects at the marked stone
I
--411.
9994.-
~H
,......
'11II
I
I I I
xx
X:
,.l
r-r-rr-r-r r- r-r f-f-
Variation- If Black connects at 2 in reply to White's placement at 1, White draws back to 3. Resisting with 4 to 12 is futile. After the hane of white 13, it is all too clear that Black has failed.
At first glance Black looks alive. What's the best result White can get?
r
r- 1H-t--t-1-+-+-l22
23
Sacrifice Techniques
The An ofCapturing Stones
Problem 11 White to play
xxx}1"\.
<;~
1tP
"'x X T T T 1'3
I-<
Correct Answer- White can force a ko, while giving Black an opportunity to slip up. The clamp of white I is the correct move. Black plays atari at 2 and White plays a counter-atari starting a ko for the life of the black group.
.~~rx:r. ,.. )~ .. ~ "III 11"... '11II
X)(
V-
Suicide- If Black resists with 2 here, white jumps in at 3, forcing Black to cut at 4. Through 10, Black captures four white stones, but White can play back in at 7 killing Black unconditionally.
.~'''III
.-
1IlI'''III1IlI'
-'
The white group in the comeronly seems to have one eye. Is there some way to make life? 24
25
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art ofCapturing Stones J. J.
',:AJ-
~
»<
;:Q
.
.
... '" ~':!!)t'(3J
Problem 12
Correct Answer- White ataris at I and 3. Black can start a ko with 4 for the life of the white group.
Black to play
~1}-
Variation- If Black resists with 4 here, White extends to 5 forcing Black tohane at 6. With the moves from 7 through 12, Black captures four white stones. White plays back in at the marked stone making life.
.. .. .. '"
H j(yy
~.
)~."'IQQ~~
k~' TT1TT
~
What measures should Black adopt to kill White?
26
27
Sacrifice Techniques The Art of Capturing Stones
Black to play
.... Correct Answer- The atari of black
~0x
~~~::=:~
)(
::=:~~~ ~ ~
.......
-
1 and the extension to 3 are brilliant. White is forced to descend to 4. Black connects at 5 forming an under-thestones shape.
........
~ '- Q4'.~.)~
Continuation- After White captures )(
eX)
0
Problem 13
":jjj
the six black stones, Black can play back in at 9. White has only one eye and is dead.
.. H)()(X
l
..,.
-
Failure- The order of moves is important. Black 1 here leads to ko. White can get a seki by capturing the stone at 1 and connecting there.
Can Black make life in the comer? Although it may look hopeless, one can apply the under-thestones technique. 29
28
-
X8
The Art of Capturing Stones .. 8
.(Y')
2
I I
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 14
Correct Answer- Black plays atari at 1. White turns at 2 and Black captures at 3. By extending to 4, White overlooks the possibility of Black playing under the stones. After black 5, White is forced to play atari at 6. Black connects at the marked stone with 7 forming one eye. When White captures at 8...
White to play
7 connects at t!.temarked stone
Continuation- ...Black plays back in at 9, capturing five white stones and making life.
...
...
I
x •
.u
?l"
tea
wa l4a
><
FailureIf Black uses 7 to first capture the 4 white stones, White has the tesuji placement at 8 to kill Black.
)0
'r
~ I I
.4
X2
~ ~~ IIlii
>c >c
~3
* I
30
Variation- If White plays atari at 2 instead, Black forms an eye at 3 while reducing White's liberties. For White to capture with 4 is futile, as Black can play back in at the marked stone.
Can White can make a nuisance of the single stone behind Black's lines? 31
The Art of Capturing Stones
...
..
'"
: 3 ::=: 5 x;:;: 1).
••
~.r.,
~
~K>
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 15
Black to play
Correct Answer- With the moves from 1 to 5 White forms an under-the. stones shape. Through 10, Black captures four white stones. 9 at the marked stone
tc
.... ... HlllJ---+-+-I-+-+--+-+H
l Il
"",,>-+-+--+--t--t-+-+-
Continuation- White plays back in at 11, starting a ko for the 6 black stones.
.... 'Il ....
~
~~~K> LC)-L-.l-..L......L-.l-..L......L-.L..
it.
'Il'"
~~:
~
III'
011I'
4~~8, rQ-....."
III'
T" '"
32
Despite the appearance that White is alive on the left, Black can still kill this group. 33
The An of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 16 White to play
(6)(8)(
Correct Answer. Black first attaches at L The block at white 2 is forced. Black 3 and 5 set up a clever sacrifice. After White captures with 8..
I A
~Q )(J(\ r'
k>- lo
y
Continuation- ...Black plays in at 9, killing White.
What happens if the lone white stone in the comer is set into motion? 34
35
The Art of CalfiUrin~Stones
5
,e~l-i-r-
3 lJWm<9 I). .: 7 J5Jt
xxxx k)- ~ •
I AI
V-I-
1 .... .~
.x
,~
•
Continuation- ...White plays in at 17 turning the tables on Black.
X X
Wk> ••
'I cke - WhIte I sets a trap for Black. Black blocks at 2. When White turns at 3, Black hanes at 4. White hanes as well. When Black connects at 6, White forms a bulky-five with 7. Black falls for White's trap with the hane at 8.Through 16, Black captures three white stones, but...
X X X
)
)-~-+-
-
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 17 White to play
•'III'" .... --..,
III
....
~
.
~
.;.-
'III""'>=<
...... >< 'III!" ")l X )(
Correct Answer- Black should give up the corner area with the diagonal move at 8. Through 12, Black makes life for part of the group.
Failure- If White extends at 1, black 2 attaches at the 'belly' of White's stones making miai of a and b.
•
x
X X
J+-+-+-+-K~r~J-t-t-t-t-I--t-+-
36
Also Correct- The diagonal play at 1 also takes the corner but is lacking in guile. With the moves up to 8, Black makes life for part of the group.
It looks as if Black has ample eye space in the corner. Let's see how White proceeds to kill Black.
37
-
mll)(9 ::::=: e-3)(5)( "'!I!
(13)~ 1-4
The Art of Capturing Stones
'-:r:
= ~~
+
I
..
::x::
~
~
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- White clamps at 1 before hopping to 3 and connecting at 5. These are calculated moves. The cut at white 7 is crucial. Through 14, Black captures five white stones, but to no avail.
Problem 18
White to play
-
15 ataris at 3
'111I"......
~
~
~
...A
.oil
"II
~x
I!!"
X X"
)<
><
Failure- IfWhite attaches underneath with 1, Black makes life by exchanging 2 for 3, and reinforcing at 4.
~ ~ ~
....
-<X\&'-I---jl--l--+--+-I--+---+-+-+-+-++-+--t-l H,
Without careful consideration, White might not live here.
38
39
()( l. ....l J...J.
~~.;:>-.... Correct Answer-
1(1~.1;:=:l-"-
(Cx)~O~:Jl.4.4:::=:.4=.
l t(",5,,-,_I-H X
to:
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
'xl-"X)l l-....
H-{ T
El :::=:
Problem 20
White forms a bulky-five with I, reducing Black to only one eye. This is a calculated move. Through 7, White captures four black stones.
Black to play
3~
'~~'.y~".-r-tI.-+-+-II I
13 at the marked stone
Continuation- Black makes the placement at 8, planning to capture four white stones in a snapback. This would be a devastating move if White couldn't form an eye by descending to 9. When Black throws in at 10, White reduces Black's liberties at II. After Black captures the four white stones with 12, White plays in at the marked white stone, capturing three black stones and making life. The entire black corner is dead.
~
(Jt tC
ITT
It seems trivial for Black to make life in the comer. However, one little slipup and Black might be in for a nasty surprise. 42
43
The Art of Capturing Stones I
,~ 1_ ~
4.('
.er
o.c
(8) ~
~!~ ~l ~ )(
I
Sacrifice Techniques
I
CorrectAnswer- The atari at black 1 is inevitable. After White's extension to 2, the connection at 3 is a well thought-out move. White puts up stiff resistance, but after capturing with 12, Black plays 13 in at the marked black stone making life. 11 at the marked white stone 13 at the marked black stone
I
4~ Ht0 H,r
Problem 21 White to play
06•
...L....L. ........
{500001T__•
000
Failure- In the previous diagram, if Black captures four white stones with 11, White makes the tesuji placement of 12, killing Black.
Ill.r
4~'E J-ey
t1~'I( .iii
a'"
~~4teOO Variation- If white 4 is here instead. Black sets up an underthe-stones capture with 5. After White captures at 6, Black plays in at the marked black stone. (Also, if Black plays 3 at 5, White kills with white 3, black 6, white throw-in at the marked white stone, black 2, white 4.)
44
Can White pull anything off in the comer?
45
The Art of Capturing Stones
J6{'1J"T9 I-H. X
3 7
xxx x ~
; ;079
f-K
{)('X
X
••
x Jr.Ij
9
8<5<4
-
f-K?
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 22
Correct Answer· White must exchange 1 for 2 before cutting at 3. Black is short of liberties and must capture a stone with 4. Through 7, White captures four black stones.
White to play
...L....1.....l......l.. ::=::::=::. )\/
......,
Continuation- Black ataris under the stones itt 8. White feeds one more stone at 9. Black captures six white stones.
)(
~YJ?"5 "l'L?'.
J...l ~x
.!
....'"
A ..... ./
...
..... ..... ...
...
-,....
1
%.1'
XXXX
Continuation- Cutting immediately at white 11 is exquisite. White sqeezes, and through 19 forces Black into a ko fight.
1 >-:1
e
'" '"
~
17 at 11 18 at 13
.... K
A
X
Q<.i}-.v
)
1
XXX
Failure- White 1 here fails to kill Black.
;
-(?
.~ f-KX
N jH ~ ~~
xxxYli
46
Failure- This white 1 doesn't work either.
How can White rescue the the eight surrounded stones?
A'7
The Art of Capturing Stones "l'
II!'I
-(j)@
35.
Y"
(7-
X .l'
(;
~~
f+-f1
~)(
~ 3:
(5--
Variation- If Black blocks at 4, White links upat5. AfterBlack'shane at 6, White throws in at 7 forming a ko. This ko is also a heavy burden on Black, therefore one shouldn't rush into it recklessly.
XX~~
Reference Diagram- If Black connects at 2, White draws back at 3. Black has only one eye in the comer and loses the capturing race.
~
I
m ~
K
Answer- White hanes at 1 to probe Black's response. Against the hanging connection at 2, white 3 is an effective play. Through II, White captures some black stones and makes life using the under-the-stones technique.
XJ4I'~
K)(
11 . .
x
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 23 White to play
t-
•
I
(111.-
19?r-
Xb-t~ '-
I-
Failure- If White hanes at 1, Black jumps to 2 making miai of a and b. White has failed.
K)(
etffIT· •
EHI (5X X
-rrc
KX
48
>=<
11'
-<x .. .. • ~ ~?9~..~ ... "" ~ II' -¢Cl •
tI
k'"
t - -r<~. 1Il
~ ...
tt-
.,.,.
X
18_
tt~
Failure- White tries the placement at I instead. Black blocks at 2 and White makes a diagonal move. Both sides block at 4 and 5 respectively. The black connection at 6 makes miai of 'a' and 'b', so White collapses.
.411
t-
'lil
Can White kill the black comer group? Although it looks quite impossible, White might be able to do it using the under-thestones technique.
49
~ ~
'-' '-' 6 IilIEl (4
.."'"
The Art of Capturing Stones
TI I..l.
•
8
"Z~ ~
,..L,.
~COO
Failure- Black peeps at 1 and White extends to 2. Through white 8, White lives in the comer by forming an under-the-stones shape.
-
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 25
White to play
7 at 5
K. ~~~,
... .'~
II 1:.1.
4 til
8
.,
2
Y)
I--~
A
AnswerPeeping at 1 is the correct answer. White blocks at 2 and Black extends to 3. White captures at 4. Black throws-in with 5 at 3, and White captures at 1 with 6. When Black peeps at 7, white 8 is a mistake. Black plays a diagonal move at 9 linking up to the outside. White has been annihilated. 5 throws in at 3
,-
D:
I
)f<~- J.
F
~
l-
I-
,-,-
~(:..,j, 2
1..,1;
U= )() ~ I-
52
~.,x ~
~~
••~K5 )( )(
6 captures at I
Variation- When Black peeps at 7, White should bump into Black's stone at 8. When Black pokes in at 9, White plays the counter-atari of 10 forming a ko.
VariationIf White connects at 2 in reply to black 1, Black jumps in at 3. White bumps into the black stone at 4 and Black extends to 5. When White blocks at 6, Black plays the severe move at 7 killing White.
.
What is White's strongest attack?
53
The Art of Capturing Stones rr-va
~'x''''!!!
..
I
6
I!ll;l( (4 X8
H~"
2.,.
A.
I
f-tQ<)
Failure- Black peeps at 1 and White extends to 2. Through white 8, White lives in the corner by forming an under-the-stones shape.
-
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 25 White to play
7 at 5
..''''!!!'
I I
4 2
....
8
X
~
A.
..'T
f--too "
AnswerPeeping at 1 is the correct answer. White blocks at 2 and Black extends to 3. White captures at 4. Black throws-in with 5 at 3, and White captures at 1 with 6. When Black peeps at 7, white 8 is a mistake. Black plays a diagonal move at 9 linking up to the outside. White has been annihilated. 5 throws in at 3
~··R ~O!>< ::
~
•
~~50
6 captures at I
00-
A
I
f-
1 I ,... 1 ....
•
''''I!''
X
~.
Variation- When Black peeps at 7, White should bump into Black's stone at 8. When Black pokes in at 9, White plays the counter-atari of 10 forming a ko.
VariationIf White connects at 2 in reply to black 1, Black jumps in at 3. White bumps into the black stone at 4 and Black extends to 5. When White blocks at 6, Black plays the severe move at 7 killing White. 52
What is White's strongest attack?
53
The Art of Capturing Stones ~
5 1
:!: ~ 'iY
><
Correct Answer- White hanes at 1 and connects at 3 with a well thoughtout plan. When Black throws in at 4, White captures at 5, allowing Black to capture four stones in a snapback.
-
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 26 Black to play
6 captures at 4
, 7
><
><
Continuation- White plays back in at 7. Black plays counter-atari at 8 forming- a ko.
x
5 3
Failure- White breaks an eye with 1. Black hanes at 2, and through 6 captures four white stones.
1
H-t--t-\x_)(j~YJU';).....4--+-+-~--+--+-+-t-t--+---t
'1JlX .9J1 • 7J1.
"" ""
Continuation- White plays atari at 7. Black forms an eye with 8 allowing white 9 to capture two stones.
":o!! ":o!!
X
~
!II :.IU~ ><
•
II"
54
Continuation- Black throws in at 10 making life for the group with a snapback.
How can Black make life for his surrounded group?
x
55
The An a/Capturing Stones
Correct Answer- Black 1 is very clever. White plays atari at 2 and Black squeezes with 3 through 7.White can't connect at 1, so Black captures.
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 27 White to play
8 connects at the marked stone 9 captures at 1
Continuation- White plays atari at 10, and Black has little choice but to start the ko.
I I I I I I
~ rrH H
~
-.. ';;;,;:'.
)2
~'.§.)..l
)-r-r-
Q-r-r)-r-r-
~t-t-
Ka-
~4~
Reference DiagramIf White connects at 2 in reply to black 1. Black plays atari at 3. Through the capture at black 7, White can't connect and Black lives unconditionally.
Failure- If Black plays atari at 1 here instead, White plays a counter-atari at 2. The throw-in at 4 puts an end to black's misery.
56
What's the status of the black comer?
57
Sacrifice Techniques
The An of Capturing Stones
fuH11
"'"
I
5)(9JCFJ •
3)11)
-t-+-+--H?"'.
Problem 28
Correct AnswerWhite I is an exquisite placement. Black blocks at 2 and White extends to 3. Through 12, Black captures four white stones.
Black to play
--
j
-+--+-+-+-I~~I.-:~ "
~
~ii I IA >dl...l..J.,~'-
..-: ~~)\X6l;.'1 .,
Continuation- White plays back in at 13, forcing Black to form a ko with 14. Note the role played by Black's shortage of outside liberties.
J •
.
'.
Is the white group dead or alive?
58
59
The Art ofCapturing Stones
Correct Answer- The extension at black 1 is sharp. After White throws in' at 2, Black captures at 3 and connects! at 5, allowing White to capture four: stones with 6. 6 captures at 2
-
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 29 White to play
.... ,. ".'>!. >< K '''II' ~. ...
':it!.. .....
lIlilt..A
./
rOrQO• •
411<. X XS>±< )(
~'-K X X X X
e8!i nr w}J--.1-+1.1'(
X)(
Continuation- Black plays atari at 7, forcing White to form a ko with 8. The fate of the comer depends on the outcome of the ko.
,/
,.I
Variation- If white 2 here, Black removes a liberty at 3 and White is dead. Consider how the status of White's group would change if there were one more outside liberty.
What's the status of this black group?
60
61
The An of Capturing Stones
9
WXJX
rr+-+-+-
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- The turn at 1 and placement at 3 reduce Black to one eye. Up to the connection at White 9, an under-the-stones shape is formed. Although Black captures four White stones...
Problem 30 Black to play
10 captures at 6 r-
.....
T
I
'1
lit.
,...
-X- ,J-
I
)<
»<
I
=¢:
Continuation- White plays atari at 11 forcing Black into a disadvantageous ko,
J() )('"
~
.,
"\
'11II">< ><
,'Ill... :... j,.
II'
r4~)Qt
~~ r=
....
... '11II ....
'11III11"
•
''Ill
How healthy is this white group?
The An of Capturing Stones
,....,....-
In
1;" ~3)( 5
Ul 1..... • ~ ;:0:; .::
;><
19~
~
X
A
P'''x
)I
X
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- The turn at 1 and placement at 3 reduce Black to one eye. Up to the connection at White 9, an under-the-stones shape is formed. Although Black captures four White stones...
Problem 30 Black to play
10 captures at 6
11
Kfi ~
y
k5
... .. '"
')~
,J-
x »<
XX X
Continuation- White plays atari at 11 forcing Black into a disadvantageous ko,
?
i(
.....
""'>=: ....J ·~··;~r· ... >::: '..
III" III"
r1~;Q9
.. ~~~
~ ~
.
.. ",
""''r UU'~ !III" • 1
How healthy is this white group?
62
63
....
"IIIII'
. .. '>f< ,.. )(
'::<'
~.)~.""\ X
~
ti
@O .81
..
,.. ....
2
;:
Correct Answer- Black plays at threatening to throw in at 2. This is exquisite move. If White connes Black breaks an eye with 3. Throu 12 White captures four stones.
--
12 captures at 8
x .......
Problem 31 Black to play
~~
i.
~~
• • •1
H
.....
Sacrifice Techniques
Continuation- Black plays in at 1 and White plays counter-atari, starti a ko. White has the marked internal threat, so there is some hope.
)(
,...
"
~91T '~A\".J'
~~ O
.. ~
r"
"IIIII'
H
~~
.'
Is is possible to cause any trouble inside the white group?
64
65
..... '
The Art of Capturing Stones
~ ~ ~
~ )
~
X:!I!!::
2)(
x x
Sacrifice Techniques
CorrectAnswer- Black plays at ari at
Problem 32
1 and captures at 3, allowing White to capture five Black stones in a snapback,
Black to play
4 captures at the marked stone
~ ~ ~
H
Continuation- Black plays atari at 5, forcing White to form a ko with 6. H H
flO .~ ..
--/\
,.
!!lI!
~ >fC:)XO..+-t-+-
~ tl6
);;,
!:.::.
What will be the outcome of the capturing race in the comer?
66
Sacrifice Techniques
Chapter 2
The Art of Capturing Stones
Oversized Eyes (Nakade)
CorrectAnswer- The descent toBlack 1 is a calm move. White has only the diagonal move at 2. Through 6, White captures six stones. 6 captures at 2
Problem 33
Black to play
....
H ~O :.,
~~.><'~
H
Continuation- Black plays back in at 7, forcing White to form a ko with 8.
t~ .:.' "II"
,./
...... ~:
... 11""
Failure- Black impulsively hanes at 1. White can now throw in at 2. Through 6, White captures six Black stones.
~~@('~)e-Hr-t
::~~_H--+--+X)
Continuation- Playing in at 7 no longer works. When White plays atari at 8 and 10, Black cannot connect. Black has failed.
Kill the white group mercilessly.
69 68
The Art of Capturing Stones
... H
H (2)l
"!P ~
~
•ot )1) :::=::
"'" ... ::
Correc tAnswe r- The connection at 1 is very clever. White throws-in at 2 planning to catch the black stones if they try to connect around the top Black dodges to 3, allowing White to capture four stones.
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 34 White to play
0
II"
Contin uation- Black occupies the vital point at 5 and can extend to either side turning this into a false eye. White dies. Playing black 1 at 3 would start ako.
What's the status of the black group ?
70
71
The An of Capturing Stones
I I
f-¥>0
•
I I
A ....., .?"'.
:y I
A1
~
3
09
Correct Answer- White plays atari at 1 before the hane at 3. These are well thought-out moves. Through 10,Black captures four white stones.
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 35 Black to play
5 captures at 1 7 connects at 4 10 captures at the marked stone
11
T
I I I
~).x)
,
I
I A .....,
Continuation- The white placement at 11 kills Black.
~?"'.
.)
:y I
Q-4. ~~ I I
TfT
I
=f.rx5H-+
I -t-++-t->-._ILJ:OH-+-I---+-
Failure- If white 7 connects on the outside, Black captures at 8 starting a ko. White has failed.
..
..
'Ill 11I'....
'T'I YY I I I
I
I I I
I
I
x """
X
i3 1
I
~.
Failure- If White connects at 3, Black throws in at 4 making life by capturing four white stones.
yH-+-I---+-
Is the white group alive?
72 73
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 36 Correc t Answer~
~
-J\.., "!!!' '>.<
)(
~ '>.<
~Y)()l~l--)ft t(
Black to play
The capture at
black 1 is inevitab le. When White plays atari at 2, Black cleverly feeds one more stone. White caplUresfour stones with 4.
~~~ '>.<
~
_ _ _ .....) 0(
Continuation- Black makesilieplace_ ment at 5. Resista nce by \\'hire is futile. Throug h the throw-in at II White is uncond itionall y dea~. ' 9 plays in at 7 10 connects at the marked stone
...... ~tQ
....~fS it 0 0 •• 0
How's the well-being of the white group?
74 75
The An of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 37 White Fails- The attachment of black 1 strikes the vital point. The atari of white 2 is a mistake. Black links up at 3. Through 6 White captures four black stones. Black throws-in at 1 with 7, killing White.
(2)l
~.I-';--+--t--+--t--;
( X X
l4K
1II~x:
2~
•
7 throws-in at 1
Black to play
~()n-
O.4~
~.O4~
Correc t Answer- White must throw in at 2 here. After the capture at black 3, White plays hane at 4. White can make life in the comer by winning the ko.
~ ;~~Q4. .... .,....
II"
)(
l
l )( )(
L.::i:C
Can the white group withstand a black attack?
76
77
The Art ofCapturing Stones
~
•• eO. _
X2)
rr: ~
Correct Answer- The extension to black 1 is exquisite. When White plays atari at 2, Black hanes at 3, allowing White to capture four stones at 4.
~Q4t
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 38 White to play
......
~II'"
...
-
.r
'!!!!'.l ")
X1l1
~I
.
_\ X)
>< ~ ~
Continuation- The black placement at 5 was the idea behind the sacrifice at 1. With the moves through black 7, White is unconditionally dead.
.oil
""
It looks like White has enough eye space to make life, but Black can still kill. The descent of the marked black stone is very effective. 78
79
The An of Capturing Stones
..... ") ~
)
.........
~
x 6 111 x x 8 ~ I ~2
Il
;:0:;
1(1
,..,.
1(4
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- The extension to black 1 is a sharp play. After white 2 and 4, Black keeps up the pressure with 5. After the forcing sequence to 12, White captures five stones. (Black should not be satisfied with playing 5 at 6 and only picking off a few stones.)
-> it ..L. ~ ~
::.ex )(
)( r "II" II"
White to play
-64~~t ~~ X
::.e)l )lot
.... .....
Problem 39
-y~
I(
X
....
,~~f Continuation- Black plays back in at 13, making rniai of 'a' and 'b'. White is dead.
..... ./
0-
I--
~>2
>: a
)
""",I-
~
,
~
Can White kill the black corner?
80 81
The Art of Capturing Stones
J..:::: •
--I--+--JHo+Q- H'r)(~7 -1--+--+--+--+--+-/-H¢- ~
,
1
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 40
Correct Answer- The atari at white I is the vital move. Black sacrifices one more stone at 2, trying to confuse the opponent. With the moves through 7, Black captures six white stones. 4 throws in at the marked stone 5 captures at 2 8 captures at the marked stone
Continuation- White plays back in at 9, killing Black.
Black to play
..
....
-.".~.mn
.... ,... .,,. ..-. ..... ~QO~.~.O ,.. .,,. ., , . . "-60
....
.. .,..
~_.-
"Ill
"... ,..........'" .... ...,. ...' "Ill Ill"
-1-+--<>-(-<)': -Q-~1)( Y
....
--l--+--+-+--+-+-'/+-(¢-~ T
How can Black kill the white group?
82
83
Sacrifice Techniques
-
Problem 41
The Art of Capturing Stones
T
....
)(.-
~~-
Black to play
Correct Answer- Black connects at I and White naturally throws in at 2. Black 3 sacrifices 7 black stones. White captures with 4. (Black 3 at 4, giving White a snapback-capture also works, though the variations are more complicated.)
Continuation- The placement at black 5 makes miai of 'a' and 'b', thus White is dead. If White plays at 'c', black 'a' is good enough.
..........
ijoo ~'I I
"'--l-+-+-+-+-+-t-f--+-+-t---t---t-t
~1:~~)--+-+--+--;-+-+-+-+-+--+--+-1---; )
......~):""-+-+---1f--+-+--+-+-t---i--+-+--+-;-r-t--; ~' .,
Can this white group be killed?
85 84
The Arl ofCapturing Stones Sacrifice Techniques
I
I .. )., I ' l l ' C).+.--l-4-_+-+-+-+-+-
Problem 42
Correct Answer- The extension at black 1is inevitable. Through 5, Black captures five white stones.
Black to play
~6~
•
~.cM
~
--
......
I
r (-
..
:A... ,.
.\
~
"'III" ~. 'III
)(
.t ore
(S.
Continuation- White plays back in at 6. Black plays at 7 and White captures the four black stones with 8.
)(J(
~ ~6
I
r
6"" .E:. ( ...
86
Continuation- Black plays atari at 9, forcing White to form a ko with 10.
What's the status of the white group?
rr--- ---
The Art of Capturing Stones
6)QDl 2 '!!!!',y
H
x )8(4lM.04'->.-
H)lll )()()(
..
Correc t Answer- Black plays a diagonal move at 1. White throws in at 2. Through 8, White captures three black stones. However, Black can recapture at 9, giving White a false eye.
Sacrifice Techniques
Prob lem 43 White to play
8 captures at 2, 9 captures at 1
-
"4)8 --
'::=:~'!!!!'.l (6)j'¥X )II 2 • ).... 1-
4ne
X)~
....
Variati on- If white 2 is played here instead, Black happily connects at 3. Through the placement at 7, Black easily kills White.
Q4 ~ ... ~
~~~ ~ II'
...
.C?9 r-Q~ H
~~
How can White kill the black group? 88
89
The Art of Capturing Stones I
CX ) X
c_ ...
I(
T>t
~
).
H >c
iii
® 7
~
W,
0
'9'
1)(
(Y ~
6). A
•
~
Correct Answer- The combination of 1 and 3 displays keen judgement. When Black then cuts off a stone with 4, White's descent to 5 is the perfect follow-up. Black connects at 6, and White feeds a stone with 7. With 8 to 12 Black captures three white stones, but... 12 at 8
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 4
Black to phi
Continuation- ...Black's shape is flawed. White captures at 13 killing Black.
1311
.c
0
(y (-
)(
A
l~
...~
,..l
Failure- White jumps in at 1 and black connects at 2. Through the capture at 8, Black lives easily.
>c
~ FS Failure- If White plays atari at 1, Black forms a ko at 2.
)(
......
)I
1)t !J
1-1-
~~
" 'r
•~ 'r
90
Is the white group alii or dead?
Sacrifice Techniques The Art ofCapturing Stones
i IfJ
2
•
rr-
6 4X X
r-
~
wxr)~1-
(11() ()()
I 8 fi
-
6
•
2)( 4X )(
Correc t Answer - Black's extension at 1,feeding one more stone, is the key. Through 8, White captures four black stones.
Problem 45 White to play
Contin uation- Black plays in at 9 threatening a snapback. White is forced to initiate a ko with 10.
Variati on- If white 2 here, Black plays atari at 3. The end result is the same as in the previous diagram.
X
9 at the marked stone
~
{)til
211(6 ~
)(
4X X
§.,.
Failure - Jumpin g to black I is a mistake because White hasthe effective throw-in at 2. After the atari at 6 it is clear that White has made life cleanly.
Black has neglected to reinforce this side group. How can White punish hi m.? 93
92
.. ,;
Sacrifice Techniques
The Arl ofCapturing Stones
.,
Problem 46
.
ill ~ ~
:I)- 1-1)-""""':-
Y' ~
J..r' A.
Answer- Black 2 in reply to the atari of white 1 is a mistake. White crimps down Black's eye space with the sacrifice up to 9, feeding five stones to Black.
Black to play
.......,... oo~~~ .... .,...'11I" ... ~~t ...... .. ..... ., rQ :'
-«
rOO.
)ol
...
T
T-r
Continuation- White plays back in at 11taking the vital point. Black is dead.
Variation- The counter-atari of black 2 is correct. White captures at 3 and Black blocks at 4. If White takes the vital point at 5, Black starts a ko at the marked stone. If White connects at the marked stone, Black makes unconditional life at 5.
. ....
'III"
What's the best local result Black can get?
95
The An of Capturing Stones
~.:: • 2)_ ro • • X ;=: ~.><
~~~)""" H
tr .. ....'"
...
.. '"
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 47
CorrectAnswer- Black connects at 1 and White throws in at 2. Black 3 looks clumsy, but is actually a good move. White captures six black stones with 4. 4 captures at 2
Black to play
S8i~ •
.~
,..!..... '"
............. '" ...... .....
,
Continuation- Black occupies the vital point at 5, killing the entire white group. In the previous diagram, if Black starts by connecting at 2, White throws in at 1, forming ko.
~ ~ 'Il
...'Il1I"
·0" '". ~~ r:... .....
'lIII'"
How can Black win this fight?
97
AA GO Sacrifice Techniques
Pr ob lem 49
The Art q[ Capturing Stones
The diagonal Cor rect Ans wer te jum ps Whi . iant brill is 1 at play down to 2 and Black thrusts inat 3. Up
Black to pla y
is to the thro w-in at 9, the whi teco mer killed. 9 throws in at 1
• ,~ • >< l
a Fail ure- Turning at black 1 is ws thro then tz, mistake. White tbru srsa inat 4an d6. Bla ckfa ilsto con nec tand White lives.
4
•
2
..
Fall ura, TfBlackbegins with the hane at 1, White blocks at 2. Now the diagonal move at 3 comes too late. 8, a Whi te thro ws in at 4, and through ko is formed.
1"1'"
..•
.:
~( ~
!~ .~
5 in Var iatio n- IfBl ack cap ture s with ezes the prev ious diagram. White sque k with 6. Thr oug h the atari at 10. Blac . fails to con nect and Whi te lives
~'-I...
~m Is the white group alive?
101 100
The Art of Capturing Stones 6 8
X ~
4
..>-
2
~
Sacrifice Techniques
CorrectAnswer- The 'bungee jump' of black 1 is a far-sighted, calculated move. Through 8, White captures six black stones.
Problem 48 Black to play
"'T 1
§~
!QQ~
x
Continuation- The black placement at 9 leaves White with only one eye. White is dead.
~~ JI.
•
~ 6 4 2
I I I
.. tlo. •HH~~ to
1::
'~II'..... ~'" ~III'
Failure- If Black plays 1here, White clamps at 2. Through white 10, the best Black can do is start an approachmove ko.
j
I
J'
I .. .nn~"
""
...
8
III
~
"'T I
~1
.III
.
"N
2
Failure- The descent to black 1 is no good either. Through 6, the result is similar to the previous diagram.
14
'T
,
~
1
1
• f.l
4>r H211
.,..
A
I
98
I
'T I
.
AN
Failure- Black 1 here is premature. White replies by clamping at 2. Through the atari at white 6, Black's position is hopeless. Black captures at 7 trying to form a ko. But Black isjust wasting moves, as it is only an approach-move ko.
Can Black kill the white corner?
99
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 50 White to play
Correct Answer- Black plays a combination of hane and diagonal move with 1 and 3, setting up a trap. Through the capture at 8, White still fails to form two eyes.
..... ...
.. c"""
.. ""
""
..""
x
-» H"" .........')01" ...... ..., """r........
1-1.
~J- H
X )(
1-1-
I-
'-'
Continuation- After the black placement at 9, White has only one real eye.
:~ ...
4~ ~/"'\ "'~
04~~
§3'~ (
,
'-
~-~ Can White capture the black group?
102
103
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 51 Black to play
Correct Answer- White plays atari at 1 and extends at 3. When Black blocks at 4, White clamps the stone with 5. Black captures a block of stones with 6.
Continuation- White throws in at 7 prompting black 8. The placement at white 9 then kills the entire black group.
.... ,...,
.... ~~
""1'
J
\...
....
........ ..,
..1-.. ... ....: . ........... ...
"111""111"
"FQ~
104
,,';;I
V~
,...
~ ,~~,."
It's a turmoil in the comer. What's the most aggressive way for Black to play?
105
Sacrifice Techniques The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 52 Black to play
Correc t Answer- The connection at black I is an inspired move. This allows White to capture a black group from white 2 through 4.....
I
Continuation- ...but black 5, 7 and 9 tum the tables on White.
.... ... ... .. .,
--,II'... ....
I .................. ~:
~
~~
•••
y
. . 11'
It looks like the black
group in the come r is surrounded and will die. Can Black kill the white group instead? 107 106
The Art ofCapturing Stones
Sacrifice Technsiques
Problem 53
White to play
Correc tAnswe r- The atari at black I is brilliant, leading to White capturing eight stones with 8 . 8 captures at the marked stone .
..
.
-,\,
~ X
~
"'
....
~a. ~'\ T
.
XJO ..
Contin uation- Black continues with the placem ent at 9. If White connects at 10, Black descends to 11. The entire white group has only one eye and is dead.
'-,../
'"
y A y
~
.'
""\
,)- r-,,-/
~~~Q. ~QQQ-
.... -
Wlliat will be the result of the capturing race in the conner? 109
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 55 White to play
Correct Answer- Black cuts at 1
.. 11".. lit.
prompting White to connect at 2. Black cuts again with 3 and then captures with 5. White connects at 6 and Black reinforces at the marked stone with 7. White captures the black group with 8. 7 at the marked stone
Continuation- Black creates a 'bent four in the corner' with the moves to 13. White is dead.
.. lit. 'OlI1I"
___ lit.
t""lx
<. ~
.'OlI1I"
'S< )4 tl }-H
M
~·)(fl»<. y.,xx
}.,
ii T ~ ~
--
t~ II
i"" -
11".. 'OlI1I"
.... 'OlI1I"
*~~ ,
~ ~><
"'''''y
What will be the result of the fight in the comer? Can White kill Black?
112
113
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 56
Correct Answer- The placement at white 1 is splendid, forcing Black to tum at 2. White extends to 3, prompting Black to connect. White throws-in at 5, hanes at 7 and connects at 9. When Black plays at 10,White forms a 'bulky five' in the comer to kill Black. I
I
~
Failure- If White plays hane with 1, Black takes the vital point at 2, and lives unconditionally. White has failed.
H x)., H
H
.....
Black to play
.J. )l
>< 1
0.. •. . ..
lilt.
r<
'-.:,.
.....,
...lilt.,.
1
',.~'1111
~~
4t-k)(
r.,,......
tQ~r lIt.
~
)(
... lIt. ~.,
'l1li
...•
;III
Can Black kill the white group?
114
115
The Art of Capturing Stones
~ ~4A -4I!J(
(6X
x
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 58
Correct Answer- The placement at 1 strikes the vital point in this shape. White attaches underneath and Black extends to 3. Through9, Blackreduces White's eye space to the dead bulkyfive shape.
ax
H t(
White to play
rnn; '::::'
r.:,
~
~J.~
11(2)(
.i!iI?'" (4 H
§l!...l~
)(a
..
'"
Variation- IfWhite bumps into Black with 2, Black extends to 3, followed by the descents of 4 and 5, and the hanes of 6 and 7. White is still dead.
J~ -{to -
A
,'/ ,./
,./
Find the right move to win the capturing race in the comer.
118
119
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 79 .~ I-j,:::;<
4"::-:
'2)11
::-::::ol: ::-:
8) )
Correc t Answer- The placement at black 1is correct. White plays atari at 2, and Black cuts at 3. This is a powerful move, allowing White to capture. Through white 8, four black stones are in atari, but.,
¢is
I ~6)
to
.::=::=
~~XX)-tQ
txT
l.o(..,
Contin uation- ...Black's throw-in at 9 puts White in a tough spot. ,~
H . .f-+-+-+-I--+--+--+-
( >D
...l1li'
White to play
~,~ 'l1li ....
~~y)(
",V .-I
Contin uation- After 13, it is obvious that White is dead.
'III;n
II< ~
A::-: ~~::-: I-{)(
4~
Can White kill the large black group?
~ 160
161
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 60
The Art of Capturing Stones
White to play
.....
...,
..II. 6 at 3
1)( X
.
~
~.r:+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
Correc t Answer - In the previous diagram, White should have played a hane in reply to the throw-in at black 3. This forms a ko instead of allowing Black to kill cleanly.
r-k.l
f-C/.W- ~) ~5q¢9
~lB ~ ~~
A
y
What will be the outcome of the capturing race in the corner?
123 122
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 61 White to play
Correct Answer- White turns at 1 and Black blocks at 2. White connects at 3 and black hanes at 5. After white 5, Black captures at 6. Black's eye space has been reduced to the dead bulky-five shape. I
~ K)).....t..--4---+-JI-t-+-+
rY .Rr-e)H-t--+-
Failure- IfWhite connects at 1instead, Black hanes andforrns ko with 2 and 4. White has failed.
"...
k)--(
!~ -(,Y
~.~A . . . ~~r Q ~
'O....y
Can White capture the black group?
124
125
The Art of Capturing Stones
... ... H
Sacrifice Techniques
..
..
X X X
-
'.
White to play
6 captures at the marked stone "II
.... ..• ... ..
'-.
Problem 64
Correct Answer- Black hanes at 1, sealing in White. White plays atari at 2. Black captures a white stone with 3. When White plays atari at 4, Black blocks at 5. Letting White connect out would be a cowardly compromise. White captures seven black stones by playing 6 at the marked stone.
Continuation- The black placement at 7 kills White. Note the role the marked stone plays in preventing White from making a seki.
t--
-9...... ()~~C../ '\ "'..
'-,/
~
k~i ,~& . [I'
. ...
II'
"II'.. Ill. II'
r-Q"
.... ""
',/
. ...
"":'; ..
~: II'
""
'-./
~' Can White capture the black group?
130
13
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Prob lem 63 Black to play
Failure - Turning at black 1 looks natural but is a mistake. White has no trouble reducing Black's eye space to the dead flowery-six shape.
I
I
I
I I
I
I
J. J. J. J.
H)(Jl )(
Correc t Answer- The jump to black 1 is the correct move to prevent White from creating a dead nakade shape. If White connects at 2, Black descends to 3. Against the white cut at 4, Black connects and plays atari on White, making life for the group.
.....
'-.
..
...
"'" How should Black make use of the ugly rectangular six-stone clump?
129 128
The Art of Capturing Stones
f--t--I I I I I ~.
...
I I
....
6 captures at the marked stone
Con tinu atio n_ The black placement at 7 kills White. Note the role the marked stone plays in preventing White from making a seki.
.. Ill. '11111"
"Ill.
""'.. ~X.,.xN -K ) •. '111'" "!
.~
T
.-..
.~r}-t-~ H
~J'-\ '
Wh ite to pla y
"I'"
~ t-t-..
Problem 64
Cor rect Ans wer - Black hanes at I sealing in White. White plays atar i'; 2. Black captures a white stone With k 3. When White plays atari at 4, Blac out nect con te Whi blocks at 5. Letting . would be a Cowardly comprOmise by es ston k blac n White captures seve playing 6 at the marked stone.
.
H
Sacrifice Techniques
I
.t. . .
Jt .C ~It.
"I'"
)-r-t-
-
r9·C).....(,)(~ . >Qi ~ ~~ .~~ -'~ K .. ~ .. . ... 11'"
r-
• '-,/'
Ill.'-. /
...,..,~...'llllI"-,,"'\ '-.
! :~n ~' ~l ...'"
t-<;>.....
.r
Can White capture the black group?
130
131
Sacrifice Techniques The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 65 White to play
Correct Answer- The placement at white 1 is marvelous. White connects at the marked white stone with 11, setting up a 7 stone sacrifice. 11 connects at the marked stone
I
I
I
..l..l..l
f- k)cx X.I
. .V")",Of-
I-- t-
K
..... "III
'\!1 ?'~.. .,!"
I
KX?-fY r-e;>Y
t-
t-
Continuation-The placementof white 13 kills Black. Note the role that the marked white stones play in preventing Black from getting a seki.
[ ~~,.I" "III. ..
.411~
Y
.~X), rx .~,.
y
What will be the outcome of the capturing race in the corner?
132
133
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Chapter 3
Correct Answer- White's turn at 1 is clever. Black must block at 2 and White makes a hanging connection with 3. Although Black can capture the white stones in the corner, a flowery-six shape is formed, and Black is dead. If White plays 1 at 3, Black plays at 1 and lives.
Other techniques
Problem 66 Black to play
Failure- If White exchanges 1 for 2 here first, Black still manages to capture the white group, but capturing one extra stone forms a live shapefor Black. If White plays 3 at 4, connecting out his 3 stones, Black cuts one space above 3 and lives.
.. .... .... ... ... .... .
.......
. . . ~'III
..
... ..
~~'?9 : .. QQ AY .~ ..'III
11'... 'l1li
r1
YI .... ... •
'111
What's the best result Black can get?
134
135
The Art of Capturing Stones
Correc t Answer- Black gets a ko with the attachment at 1. White jumps to2and Blackh anesat3 . When White extends to 4, one correct response is for Black to press along with 5. White connects at 6 and Black captures two stones at 7.
Continuation_ White throws in at 8 and Black creates a ko at 9.
~
~8.~
~,
~
~~
Problem 67 Black to play
....
ij K
Also Correct- Playing atari with black 5 also forms a ko. This is a more straightforward approach.
a.
Sacrifice Techniques
.. .4Il ..... 11""
~
~
.
. .'III
P'"
It.. ~
White failure- White hanes at 2 in reply to the attachment at black 1. Black plays atari at 3, and after White connects, cuts at 5 trapping two white stones in a shortage of liberties. The white group is unconditionally dead.
What 's the best way to attack the white group in the comer? 136 137
Sacrifice Techniques
1·· 6
8
2
~ -:'l'" 1
c....
The Art of Capturing Stones
Prob lem 68
Correc t Answer - Black I is the vital point. White descends to 2 and Black draws back at 3. This is followed by the extension of white 4, and the block at 5. After white 6, Black extends at 7. White plays atari at 8, Black counteratari at 9, and White captures at 10.
White to play
22
U
1
'" "'"
l~
Contin uation- Black recaptures at 11. After the exchange of white 12 for black 13, a ko is formed.
-.... 6
8 4
~
Failure Black clamps at 1, inducing white 2. The placement at black 3 is no longer effective. Through 8, White is alive.
I ....
I
........
~ tfJ< )(
~H~ (2X
~
4~~ ,!,$~
Failure - If Black plays atari at 5 in reply to the extension at 4, White makes life with 6, giving up four stones.
1
K.l~~r· ~II'...t
-
""~T
.r IlL I
--... H~ 2 ~~ 8""'
Variati on- Blocking at 2 in reply to black 1 is a mistake. White dies with the moves to black 9.
Can White live comer?
In
the
~
<¥~ L:J'
I
138
139
The Art of Capturing Stones
.'W
•4:.1
X)(
...
4 .. C7r'!!!!~
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 69
Correct Answer- White first cuts at 1 in sente, then cuts at 3 and descends to 5. The sequence is exquisite. After White plays atari at II...
White to play
(9)111:::.::' "'" :x ~t(3 • .1
e~
IID<S>I··e irli Y -~
IIiiiI
4·_'6-!-r"" 7. It< X ¥ -{
x X'>=(,. )("')( J'~
:::;;:
-
_1~
iii
Continuation- ...Black is forced to grip the cutting stone with 12. After White captures at 13, Black can't connect and White lives.
V
)( ..~ %:: ::l!!!" ~"'~
--
::::"="
I'
.. ..... ...
~R)~" I-'lill. )( ,
.... . . <) ,.... H
.. ... ~
II'
,
_I )fIy~~ ... H -Qyy.i ...
:..,
~~ ~
White is to make life. Be careful-Blackmay have a trick up his sleeve.
140 141
The An of Capturing Stones Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 70
....
• '" ~tQ. . .. ~ e~0Ga· ®.
White to play CorrectAnswer- The cut at white 1 is brilliant. Through the atari at white 9, Black fails to connect and White lives. Playing white 5 as a throw-in at 1 would only be helping Black.
03.:
..... .......... tQ.. ~
I--
'I.x._
~H ' y . '" .'~T~. )
':>c'
...
~.J.
J..
_JX_
'"III'"
Failure- White makes a bamboojoint while taking away a black liberty with 1. Black threatens to make two eyes with 2, then forms a flowery-six with 4 to kill White unconditionally.
...... ,..,
•.... ..... III
~)(;:=
,. III"~ ~ 'l1li
.?I "'y
"111"
•
Who will win the skirmish in the comer?
142 143
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 71 Black to play
... Correc t Answer- Playing in at 1 is splendid. When Black plays atari at 2, White descends to 3. Through 12,Black captures three stones.
...
II.~
}-tQ ... '-.a~~. .,
«~= '-,
.. _.-
1
.
~,~
~
Continuation- White captures three black stones with 13. Since blackfails to connect out, White makes life. Note that Black did not use 7 to throw in at 1, as is commonly done in similar positions.
.
Win the capturing race unconditionally.
144
145
The An of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Cor rect Ans wer - Black I is at the vita l poin t. Bla ck link s up underneath with 3 and connects at 5. Playing 5 at 6 would give ko. When White plays atari at 6, black 7 allows White to capture at 8.
Problem 72 Bla ck to play
~~J ¢ Con tinu atio n- The black placement at 9 hits White at the new vita l poin t. Bla ck wins the capturing race by one move.
•
~¢9
~
Howcan Black makelife in the corner?
146
147
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 73
The Art of Capturing Stones
Black to play
>-rl JtII
2X
)II
x
I,~
'I'll\.( I I I I I I I
Correct Answer- Black I buys the time he needs to live. White plays atari at 2, and Black's capture at 3 forces white 4.
I
Continuation- Black reinforces at 5, making unconditional life.
..
~~~~ ~~..... ~
.....
~,..,
,. .,..
..'IIII1l"
'IIII1l"
2~ )(
;.;:.,..'"
:-:'V\
yy
Variation- The connection at 2 here is not playable. Black plays atari at 3 and White suffers a territorial loss compared with the correct answer.
I I I I
.~ .
~
~ ~
Failure- Black plays here, capturing the stones right off...
.~
yyY I I I I I
I
I
Continuation- White plays atari at 2. Black is forced into a ko.
Perhaps white has played too optimistically here.
149 148
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- Black 1 is clever forcing White to capture at 2. '
Problem 74 Black to play
111"......
...
on: 40
\lila.
?"'. ;:«.
I
l
?'"
><
'......
......
II"
Continuation- Blackmakestheplacement at 3. If White connects at 4 Black draws back to 5, leaving whi~ with only one eye.
{i .0..••• ""
"-
~
,/
Is the black group on the side alive?
150
151
The Art of Capturing Stones Sacrifice Techniques
Correct Answer- Black turns at 1 tempting White to play atari at 2. When black captures at 3, White plays atari at 4. Black's atari at 5 forces White to capture three black stones with 6 at the marked stone.
(XJ4t(
~
I
X
Problem 75 Black to play
6 at the marked stone
I I I
I
I
I
~..l
Continuation- White must reinforce at 8, allowing Black to make two eyes with 9.
~
~t- -()
.
j"",
.. Ill.
x
v:
:.{X
III I
I
I
Is the white group alive?
152 153
Sacrifice Techniques The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 76 White to play
Correc t Answer- Black plays hane at 1, then throws in at 3 and plays atari at 5 to reduce white's eye space. Black then brilliantly feeds one more stone to white at 7. White captures two black stones with 8. 6 connects at 3
.J.....I.. A
~ ~' ", ... K) ... ..... . ...,.. H t><
... 11"'''' II'"
x X)'"
.II•
Continuation. Black throws in at 9, destroying White's second eye. White is dead.
Can White make life in the corner?
155 154
The Arl of Capturing Stones
(7H--+-+-1--.t-+-+--+-+.. ...
.......... 'II'"
CorrectAnswer- The cut at white 1is the key. Black plays atari at 2 and connects at 4, trying to form an underthe-stones shape. However, White manages by throwing in at 5 and playing atari at 7. Through II, White captures 4 black stones. 9 captures at 5
f:·
Continuation- Black captures three stones with 12. White makes two eyes with 13.
G;o!:r 1
OK XX
''11'"
..II. II'"
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 77 Black to play
• lQ: 6R-
A~
.... ..... .. "Ill"
~.,~
~~ ~
,/~
,,/
,.......
.,~
~
II'"
.
'l1li11'"
How should black play the capturing race?
156
157
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 78 Black to play
11 I-lC~).~ ••+ -t-t- H-
f..{
9 plays in at 5
....
~@'
Variation- If White throws in at 4
-!
()I,~ 2 "";:.:
..
~
PIIIII!!!! ."..
.y.
H
'lI
)(
..
'lI1I'
f...'?'"
.... 'lI1I'
here, Black captures at 5 and White descends to 6. Black plays atari at 7, forcing a ko fight.
.....
~~
4~~"·
~~~!!' ''Ill
H H
-0
to
~~ t8~
Can the white group in the corne r survi ve Black's attack?
159 158
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 80
Correct Answer- White 1 is the vital point. Through 7, an under-the-stones shape is formed. Black captures four white stones with 8.
Black to play
...
~rr
Continuation- White plays a counteratari at 9 and black captures at 10. White descends to 11 destroying Black's eye. If Black plays 12 at 'a' instead, White still plays 13 and Black is helpless due to shortage ofliberties.
4~
..... 'IIIIll"
&~ .. ...
Is the white group on the side alive?
162
163
The An of Capturing Stones
..
.. :E.t-t-wt-t-+-+-+-+-
,
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 81
CorrectAnswer- Black pushes in and cuts with I and 3, then makes the clever extension to 5. White captures two black stones with 6.
Black to play
H X .1..1...1.
K~
.r.r
rr ,
• •;0:
..
Continuation- Black has the exquisite throw-in at 7. When White captures with 8, Black turns at 9. White can't play on either side and is dead.
=, §<~ \)\;60 ~,~
.
.. . ""'.... ..'"
.01(
(~: ( )(8
( X )(
Is the white corner group alive?
164
165
The Art of Capturing Stones
1~
-I
6
k)4 t-f-
8 2 . ..iII
."'1' T
I I )
I-f-
1
Contin uation- Black makes the placement at 11. Through black 17, White can't play on either side and is dead.
1
r J
..['6
_4
Correc t Answe r- White 8 should should be here to initiate a ko.
Il
8
t
......
... ~
W: ~~0.. ,I,..... "... ~~(
I• •
I-
l(d~
T
1iI~
Black to play
~~
1 .iIIi.
Prob lem 82
White Resists- The thrust at black 1is the correct answer, followed by the placement at 3. When Black hanes at 7, white 8 is a mistake, allowing Black to form a pyramid-four shape. White captures at 10.
T
0 >-:..L
Sacrifice Techniques
• ."... . ....
,. ,.
'l1li'"
'l1li
f-O t-'-
211
'T
-
~ \xl "!I!'
I TI
4
2 (
.
1~ ~ .... 1-16
.... -
8
Variati on- If White connects on the other side in reply to black 3. Black hanes at 5. Through the cut at 11, the result is similar to that the 'White Resists' diagram .
'T'T
.. ..
I I T
I
-{
2 -(
H~ '-1-1-
(X X
Failure - Black plays a hane with 1 instead. White jumps to 2 and is alive. Black has failed.
Can Black kill the white corner?
..,. ..ill
T T
166
167
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
I" 6
Problem 83
White Resists- The combination of 1 and 3 is the correct answer, aiming at forming an under-the-stones shape. White 4 is a mistake. Through 8, White captures four black stones, but...
4 2 6
,.::.:
--
White to play
.i;
~1
Y
Of( n· >-_+-1-+4-+-4-+ .>-....+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Continuation- ...Black plays in at 9. When White captures at 10, Black descends to 11. White can't fill in from either side and is dead.
1'::.
--
6~ 8
ill
4
2
ill
>< 4~ '::.:
. -- ~
Correct Answer- White should play 4 as atari on the three black stones. Black forms a ko at 5. The throw-in at white 6 is important. Both sides capture at 7 and 8 respectively.
""I
(1 •
4~
•
)(y
Continuation- Black occupies the vital point at 9. White captures at 10 initiating a ko fight.
x x
4 ::.:
'P
-~
rr'8 02 4
"
:~
4~
'P
-
6
Failure- Black uses 3 to play atari on the three white stones. This crude move allows White to live easily.
XXls:
y
"
~ -
rQ!!Q8~ ~"'TQ
It is not too hard to make a ko here. But can you sniff out any peculiarity in the position?
..J..
168
169
---
I I
---:Th:..:.:.::.e..:..:A~rt....:o..:!...if~C__'ap<:...:t__'_u__'_n·n_'g'_S_to_n_e_s
_ Sacrifice Techniques
Bizarre Variation. White extends to
Problem 84
1 and Black connects at 2. Through the recapture at 10,an "eternal-life" ko is created. (Note: According to the Super-Ko rule, the "eternal life" ko is fought by not allowing the fUll-board position to repeat. In this case Black must find the first ko threat.) 10 captures at 4
The diagonal move at 1 is also correct. Through the throw-in at 7 White forces Black into a ko fight. Although this ko favors White, the result may not be as good as the previous diagram, depending on the rule-set one is employing. Here White must find the first ko threat.
Standa rd Answer.
White to play
I
~~
4
H ,.
~I ...'T'
-'!'A Y
-30=0
Is the black group on the side alive?
170
171
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
I
~
.x"'" l<>
I
5~
7-
:::.::~
1m
..L
I(
~
Problem 85
Correct Answer- White extends I, descends to 3 and throws-in at 5, aiming to kill Black unconditionally. The feeding of a stone at black 6 is exquisite. An "eternal-life" ko is the result.
White to play
.. K> :::::~
m ;=:;
~
~
~
T::=::
:::c:
3 1
J
QQI I
I
I
I
I
xx
Variation- If Black captures at 6 in reply to the throw-in at 5. White forms a bulky-five shape killing Black.
~
. .... ..
rl
~o4iQ~
~~' ~ ~,~~~ -(~r
I
I
I
I
I
'../
........
..... ,..- y ..... .....'III"''IIIII~
Can White rescue his surrounded group?
172
173
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 86
Correc t Answer- White connects at 1, allowing Black to play atari at 2. This is a very clever play. Through white 5, Black captures four white stones.
White to play
H
.or..J...J.. '-66.. ,"" ... ~~'
lIl".4Ilill.
.. ~ ~~ .... ..../.4Il ... J
'III"
:::0:: X
Continuation- Black must connect at 6 to prevent White from playing there. White casually escapes by linking up at 7.
..... .. .,.
'III'"
.4Il ..
'11111"
....
II"
Can White make life on the upper side?
174
175
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Problem 87
Correc t Answer- The hane at white 1 is brilliant. Black throws-in at 2, plays atari at 4 and captures four stones by playing 6 at 2.
Black to play
6 captures at 2
,., .
r-r'''' ...
~ -~
..J... '!P'
l S .... : ."'!!!!'
7)(
X
'III.\.
........
/
''111.
.~. 11'"-..,.
...........
./'" .... '111 III"
'III•
Continuation- White reduces black's libertie s with 7, prompting Black to reinforce at 8. White descends to 9 forming a second eye.
'11111"
K)(~~2l)-K..r ........,
I'J.......
e-K5..~K>).... 0...
0
~'
Can Black make life for the come r group?
176
177
Sacrifice Techniques
The An ofCapturing Stones
Problem 89
Black to play
I
)l
~~
g;g 1
...
Jo._ 1 }gx x3 _
:::=:::::=::::=:T a \Z. - ~l .§ W'
lit. II'"
•
an Cor rect Ans wer - White makes 10. to ence sequ the with e eye in sent ar The attachment at white 7 in particul k Blac 14, h oug Thr ng. noti is wor th es. ston ifice sacr te whi four captures 10 at 8
·~I
~.(
)( X jX.,
...1Il. 'IIIII'
.. ., .. •!!">< .... lIII
~
.• ~
~
to Con tinu atio n- White plays in at 15 form a second eye.
'"
...
~:!
lit.
..... . ~x I~T
Ho w can Bla ck kil l White?
181 180
The Art of Capturing Stones
@CI.~
(2,J<4~
H !io~(
~
X
r:. >:
lIII~>: 111" "I
... ~
r:lIII~
....x !!"
eis exquisite. White makes the plac 3. to ment of 2 and Black draws back k blac six Through 6, White captures stones.
Problem 90
Wh ite to pla y
'"
H~ >=::
Cor rect Answer- Turning at black 1
Sacrifice Techniques
Continuation- Black plays in with the placement at 7. White fails to form two eyes and is dead.
"II"
..Ill.
"'"
Ca n Wh ite kill the bla ck group?
183 182
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Problem 91
Correc t Answe r- Feeding an e ~tra stone at white 1 is very far-sigh ted. Black capture s at 2.
i1'll---~.O-r~~"'!!'
""'..",,~
~~-!~
y~o-~
~ ~~
~"'!I!')('""\..I--~
m
)l)4 -)-1-1
Ja 7
)....~
1 ill )j )( )(
..
~
"'!I!'
~1
~
-"~-!8="" 'lIIJII
I-
'l8at' )( )...1-
~
Continuation- White makes the phtce. ment at 3. Throug h white 7, Black Qas only one eye. When Black plays ill at 8, the connect ion of white 9 is another brilliant tesuji. Black throws in at 16, capturing six white stones. 12 at 10 15 at 8 16 at 10
Contin uation- White plays back ill at 17, killing Black.
."..
)( )( )...1-+-
)()(
x.)
-H
)-k /
tR: . . . . . \'.
j
~~ jQQ f¢ ~ ~;i
r=Q
H~O.,.~
) ·00 ~ -l
•~~y .~ I
Failure - The connect ion at white 1is a mistake. Black thrusts at 2 and plays atari at 4, making life easily. White at most capture s four black stones.
184
White to play
V YT r'<;
Which side will win the capturing race?
185
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
Correc t Answer - The atari at white 1 is the only move. This is followed by the connection at black 2, the hane at 3, the throw-in at 4 and the capture at 5.
I
I
Variati on Diagram -When White plays atari at 1, Black m~e~ a hanging connection at 2, gIVIng up two stones for one.
I
Contin uation- Black throws back in at 6. Through the atari at black 14, White fails to connect and allows Black to capture a large white group with 16. 15 at 8 16 at 6
I
I
I
Contin uation- Black recaptures at 4, trying to kill White in the capturing race. White attach.es underneath with 5. Through white 17, Black loses the capturing race by one move. 12 at IO
( )( I
I
I
I
~-»- K5 ~
~
I )l j )l
I3 at the marked blackstone 14 at the marked whitestone
y
)j
(
0- .I--
Contin uation- White plays atari at 17. Black fails to make two eyes and is dead.
.r\.:)... fQ
-9 rr .... A l t<1 "....,y '.x
(
)...
'III!'.
.. 186
Y
187
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
Index and Glossary
A approach-move ko a ko in which one player hasto ignore two ko threats in order to win 98 attachment a single stone played in contact with enemy stones 16,34,38,76,118,136,180,187
B bamboo joint a kind ofstrong connection 142 bent four in the comer a way to kill a group by setting up a ko which one has the option ofstartingflrs' when all ko threats have been eliminated 112 bulky-five anoversizedeyeshape(nakade) 3,36,42,
114, 118, 120, 124, 172 'bungee jump' a one space jump from the third line down to the first 98
C capturing race(semeai) afight where each side needs to kill the other in order to live 48,67,109,135, 146, 157, 185, 187 clamp playing twice in contact on opposite sides ofan enemy stone 24, 38, 98, 104, 138 counter-atari responding to an atari by giving atari back instead ofpulling out the threatened stone
24,52,54,56,64,94,138,162
D descent an extension towards the edge of the board 12,40,42,68,79,138,144,158,162 189 188
Sacrifice Techniques
The Art of Capturing Stones
diagonal move a diagonal extensionfrom a stone 22 36,48,52,68,88,100,102,120,170 '
E 'eternal-life' ko a repetitive position which is ko under the super-ko rule, and can lead to a game being annulled under Japanese rules 170, 172
F flowery-six a kind ofoversized eye(nakade) 3, 128, 134,142
H hane a diagonal move played in contact with the enemy (bending around an enemy stone) 16, 22,26,36,48,54,68,72,76,78,100,102,114, 122, 124, 130, 136, 154, 166, 176, 186 hanging connection playing adjacent to a cuttinB point to protect it 22, 48, 134, 187
K ko a repetitive situation in which one may ntJI immediately recapture 3, 8, 22, 24, 26,28, 32, 40,46,48,52,54,56,60,62,64,66,68,70,72, 76,86,90,92,94,96,100,122,124,136,138. 146, 148, 158, 166, 168, 169 ko threat a move played elsewhere to gain the right to retake a ko 61, 170
M miai two points related such that if I take one, you take the other and vice versa 8, 48, 80, 84
190
o oversized eye(nakade) a large eye-space typically having a single vital point for dividing it into two eyes 3,8, 128
p peep a move played adjacent to a cutting point threatening to extend in 52 placement an attacking move typically played inside an opposing group, but not in contact with any enemy stones 8, 17, 20, 22, 30,40,42,44, 48, 58,62,72,74,78,84,88,98,102,104,108, 110, 114, 118, 126, 130, 132, 138, 150, 160, 166, 182, 184 pyramid-four an oversized eye(nakade) shape 3, 116, 166
s
seki a way ofliving by bringing about an impasse in which neither group in a capturing race can put the other in atari without exposing itself to capture 14,28,50, 116, 130, 132 sente the initiative, a move requiring an answer 140, 180 shortage of liberties a position in which one cannot play on a certain important point without putting oneself in atari 3,46,58, 136, 162 snapback an immediate recapture based on shortage of liberties 40,42,54,66,84,92, 116 square- four an oversized eyernakade) shape differing from the others in that there is no way to make two eyes of it with a single move 122
191
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
T tesuji a clever move exploiting the special characteristics ofa local situation 18, 36,40,44, 184 throw-in .a single stone played deliberately into atari 3,6,10,18,40,52,54,56,60,64,70,72, 74,76,82,84,88,92,96,100,104,110,114, 122, 126, 142, 144, 154, 156, 158, 164, 168, 170, 172, 186
u under-the-stones a dramatic recapture where one plays into the space vacated by sacrifice stones 3,8, 1114, 15, 16, 17,28,29,30,32, 44,46,48,49,52,62,156,162,168
v vital point the key point in a position that must be occupied 3, 16, 20, 22, 70, 76, 94, 96, 114, 118, 138, 146, 162, 168
w
wedge a move played in between two enemy stones such that one is clamped 6, 120, 158
192
193
Other Books From Yutopian Sakata Series
Book Descriptions
Killer of Go Tesuji and Anti-Suji of Go
The Art of Connecting Stones by Wu Piao and Yu Xing The Art of Connecting Stones is a problem book covering connections: along the edge of the board, made by capturing stones, using influence of friendly forces, and in the endgame.
The Nihon Ki-In Series A Compendium of Trick Plays 100 Challenging Go Problems for 100 Days of Study Pro-Pro Handicap Go
Go Handbook Series Proverbs Fuseki
(available 1999)
Chinese Professional Series Nie WeiPing on Go Thirty-Six Stratagems Applied to Go, by Ma XiaoChun Beauty and the Beast, Exquisite Play and Go Theory by Shen Guosun Golden Opportunities by Rin Kaiho Winning A Won Game, by Go Seigen Yang Yilun's Ingenious Life and Death Puzzles, vol. 1 and 2 Essential Joseki by Rui Naiwei Power Builder, vol. 1, by Wang Runan Power Builder, vol 2, by Wang Runan (available 1999) Strategic Fundamentals in Go, by Guo Tisheng
Art of Go Series Art of Connecting Stones Art of Capturing
Pocket Book Series, by Yang Yilun Rescue and Capture Tricks in Joseki
(available 1999)
Korean Professional Series Cho HunHyun's Go Techniques, vol. 1 Lee ChangHo's Novel Plays and Shapes
Other Books From Yutopian Fighting Ko UtiliZing Outward Influence Master Go in Ten Days Dramatic Moments on the Go Board Igo Hatsuyo-ron, vol. 1
(available 1999)
Beauty and the Beast, Exquisite Play and Go Theory by Shen Guosun The author gives us biographical information,anecdotes, and playing-style profiles on the leading 1980's Chinese players. Some of this material is not available in any other form, because it stems from the author's intimate knowledge of the players as his colleagues and friends.
A Compendium of Trick Plays by The Nihon Kiin Tricks, traps, pitfalls and pratfalls, ruses and subterfuge, hocus pocus, snares and ambushes. With almost 900 diagrams in 22C pages, this is one of the great bargains on the market! Cho Hun-Hyeon's Lectures on Go Techniques Provides the basic fundamentals of Go. Basic shapes are analyzec covering Surrounding, Escaping, Connecting, Cutting Attachments, Diagonals, Tigers (Hangs), Empty Triangles, anc Hanes as well as basic techniques for Attachments, Extensions Establishing A Base, Running Towards Center, Capping, Ataris Cuts, Tigers, and Weaknesses. Dramatic Moments on the Go Board by Abe Yoshiteru Fascinating behind-the-scenes stories of unique and unusua occurrences in professional Go. Blunders and mis-readings by tOI players such as Go Seigen, Sakata Eio and Fujisawa Shuko arc presented by Abe 9 Dan, a born raconteur. 220 pages with glossan and indices. Essential Joseki, from The Masters of Go Series by Rui Naiwe 9 dan. A handy joseki reference. The author provides advice on when .te choose each variation based on the whole-board situation. Potentia ladders, ko fights, and seki are explained to understand tb conditions when a particular joseki can or cannot be played.
The Art of Capturing Stones
Sacrifice Techniques
T tesuji a clever move exploiting the special characteristics ofa local situation 18, 36,40,44, 184 throw-in a single stone played deliberately into atari 3,6, 10,18,40,52,54,56,60,64,70,72,
74,76,82,84,88,92,96,100,104,110,114, 122, 126, 142, 144, 154, 156, 158, 164, 168, 170, 172, 186
u
under-the-stones a dramatic recapture where one plays into the space vacated by sacrifice stones 3,8, 1114, 15, 16, 17,28 ,29,30 ,32,
44,46 ,48,49 ,52,62 ,156,1 62,16 8
V vital point the key point in a position that must be occupied 3, 16, 20, 22, 70, 76, 94, 96, 114,
118, 138, 146, 162, 168
w
wedge a move played in between two enemy stones such that one is clamped 6, 120, 158
192
193
Fighting Ko by Jin Jiang This book catalogues the wide variety of ko situations that one is likely to encounter over the board, as well as several that may not appear in the course of a lifetime of playing. Mastering the subject matter presented in this book will add potent weapons to any player's game. Golden Opportunities by Rin Kaiho Game positions are explained through compelling analogies with historical events in a way that repays re-reading the book many times. New insights will be found each time, Killer of Go by Eio Sakata Filled with murderous attacks, fatal stratagems and cutthroat tactics, a special section tests the reader while analyzing in depth a classic game by the master himself. Intermediate Level Power Builder, Vol. 1, by Wang RuNan 8 dan The book is based on a Chinese television program about go hosted by Wang RuNan 8 dan. The book emphasizes basic concepts, theories, and techniques for intermediate level players. This volume covers openings and invasions useful for Kyu-Ievel as well as low dan level players.
100 Challenging Go Problems for 100 Pays of Study 1
The Nihon Kiin , the sairr Test your skill and develop a disciplined study regtJ1l;n ~ ed tacti time. This book is filled with such a wide variety 0 r~ 10 ~ and insights into strategy, reading and perception, tha many m than I 00 days of enjoyment can be anticipated.
Pro-Pro Handicap Go by the Nihon Kiin " thi b k Su~tit1ed "Invincible Play with 3, 4 and 5 Stones~di~: ~~D{ designed to teach you how to get the most out of. l1 full Ph die Model play is highly illustrated with black gett1~~ I an c i terms that we~er value. All games are analyze d 10 th payers d ' 11 easily understand, and tests are included to measure e rea er s strength. A thoroughly enjoyable book to read!
Proverbs, Vol. 1, Nihon Ki-in Handbook Series b tl This book collects and explains over a hundred fifty prbe0ver s. have ari . to he Ip pIayer s .-p.mem J~ • Mr vanc ave ansen over the centunes 13asiC oves a . aspects of the game. There are e Ieven ch apters. 0 Din' Jose ~ Concepts; Good Shape and Bad; Playing Ko; The cpe gt" . , Framework s; L'J' th R unmn, . g if onnec. A mg, Temtonal he an d Dea; Gu, Capturing; Clever Moves, Forcing Moves, and S~cn Ices, to Fighting; and a Potpourri of Proverbs.
Igo Hatsuyo-ron - Volume I by Dosetsu Inseki Hailed as the highest authority in life and death problems, it contains 183 problems. Volume I contains the first 63 problems. Of all the life & death problem books in the literature, none exceeds the level of Igo Hatsuyo-ron. It sets the line between amateur and professional players.
Strategic Fundamentals in Go, by Guo Tisheog I t . I d' d i d 'I Oame y sen d 'th bie Ten Important essons are iscusse 10 etau, gote, big vs. small points, attack vs. defense, life v~: h~a , ~e' small territories, saving vs. sacrificing stones, 19 vs. fl : , d d rJloves vs. eXJ shapes, slack moves vs. urgent points, stan ar th id f I ' £ e at i 0 uesm , , , vanations, persistence vs. p aymg sa e. With these . illustrations, this book helps the reader to master ese ISS thus become a stronger player.
Master Go In Ten Days by Xu Xiang and Jin Jiang The book is designed to help beginners reach three or two kyu level amateur strength,
Tesuji and Anti-Suji of. Go by Sakata Eio
Nie Weiping On Go by Nie Weiping Using positions from his own games, one of the finest Chinese players shows how a grasp of full board principles is essential for effective play. Tactics in all phases of the game, as well as the operation of thickness is covered.
t0t l t ~ emuae The follow-up book to Killer of Go. If you W d t d1 exemplary play shown in Killer of Go, you have .t~ un ers ~ to exploit the potential for skilled play (tesuP)' as wed' adS . 00) 224 pages WIltn g jossary an m recognize crude play ( anu-suji).
he Thirty Six Strata gems Applied to Go by Ma Xiaochun anked as the best player in the world in 1995, Ma Xiaochun has a nenomena] career since turning professional just ten years ago. his book represents his first major work of Go literature. It xamines the application of ancient military maxims to the game of lo.
rtilizing Outw ard Influence by Jin Jiang and Zhao Zheng 'rovides a study of how to efficiently build and use outward ifhience. Numerous examples of how to construct thickness and Includes numerous examples for void thinness are given. onstructing thickness or outward influence through pivot point, acrifice, and ko tactics.
Ninning A Won Game, Vol. 2, Go Seigen Series }o Seigen provides Three Golden Rules with examples of their ipplication in actual games. One often encounters professional a game won by ~ames lost after building up a commanding lead, or hts such highlig book This ent. uming the tables on the oppon
.ases.
Vang Yilun 's Ingen ious Life and Death Puzzles- Volume 1 md2 volume I\. collection of over 200 life-and-death problems in each the design ed by Sensei Yang known as "yly" and "rabcat" on one s lnternet Go Server (IGS). By studying these intriguing puzzle can greatly improve one's reading/fighting abilities and appreciate the beauty of Go.
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