ll. ll. l0rttnloruscngilrnr
MrHe x
aTotpcCrcreuc>
yAK 8ll.l11(07s.4) BBK 8l.2AHu-9 x93
Co4epxaxre ..-----_-_-_n
rlpe4uc.loaue.
.10
BnoAnrril $oHeru'recrcufi rypc.'.........
Anrop
19
KauIUIm nelaFor[qecKl{x HayK, /qoueHT, npenoAaBarenu anranficroro tsr;xa JI. II. XpucmopocrcdecmaeucKnu,
Grammar:
!.
Iraroa
VratarengHste
6e
Mecr
Simple). nx (Pfesent ., !.i
npldxatelrnbie
MecroilMerrrlg'
PerIeHs,eHr
,
Karrrqar Qwriuornrecr[x
HayK,
aoqerr, iaeeaylorqlil rarfegpofi anrnuftcrofi pevl
'npo0@crouaJruHo'opfier{rupoBaHHofi
Eenopyccroro nocyAapcrBeHHolo oroHoMr{qecroro yllunep cwer:a H, A, H oe ux
.......................-.-..,37 Grammar: Have
(got)."'....'..';'....'.....
""""""""""""""37
HeonpeqeaexHbte MecrotrMenufl some, any' no. MoAa'nrnuIft HaroJl
ccz labitity,
possibility)....
""""""""""37
.........................46
X93
Xpr.rcropox.qecrBeHcKafl , JI. n. Haqmr roBoplrrb no-aHrnr{ficKu : Start Speaking English : HHreHcl,nnrrfi rypc l JI. fI. XpncropoxAecrBeHcKafl. - MuHGK: .Te-rpaCucrcuc, 2011. - 512 c.
Grammar: Uo ger[reJrsHoe HatclroHeurle.,
O6serrnutfi
naAe?K
r!|tlHbtx MecrouMeHuF. IIpeAnor|| nahpanleHlin
'
"46
5l
Unit4......................':'.'............:..................
rsBN 978-985-536-l 054.
.
"""""""
,,..-..--...'........'55
floco6ne npegcraBJnef, urnescrornril xypc o6yrerur pa3mBopHoMy anrnuficKoMy r3hrKy. Cocrom rc 39 yporon, nocrreAoBarerrtuo cBr3aHHblx ruex,qr co6oft TeMarrlrecKr,t, JrerlcuqecKlt u rpaMMarr,rqecftu, Araprr cAelaH ua rarpemeunn 6aroBbD( crpyrcryp annrmficroro rs6rr(4 DuAoBpeuerorux doprrl 4eficrnnreJrbnono H crpaAarenf,Hono ranorz" refirpanrno6nronofi nexcnxrr tt pa3noBopHblx tlopruyl, neo6xo4nrrrx Arx rroJruorlegHoro odrqewu. Cneqramso nolo6pannue reKcrbr r.l xoMrrnexc yrlpaxarerlatr Ha I{x ocuoBe,ueflalor npouecc o6yrenur JrerKr,rM r,r AocTynuuu. Becr s3Lrxorofi Marepl{an [o.AdpaH u3 aHUIo-aMepI,tKaHcIg,tx ]rcroqHnKoB r.r
Grammar: Present Simple: statements and negatives' Adverbs of frequency' Prepositions of time...........
coaeprcrr o6pasrl6l conpeuernrofi parronopnofi pevu. Aapecyerct reM, rcto Haq[Haer r{D larb anrrrficrufi r3brK r,r.Jl}r npoAonxaer erc Hq {arb noclre flepepbrBa. Moxsr 6rrrr ncnolrgoBaflo Ha Kypco( r4Hocrpafi-
Grammar: Present Continuous. Prepositions of place and movement. Reflexive pronouns
55 6r.
74
II6IX r36rKOB, p Her3brKOBbrX B)^la)(.
vAK 8rr.1r1(07s.4) BBK 8l.2Arrr.n-9
Unit 8;.........Ciarnmar; The..re ls/There are. The indefinite Pronouns inuch, many, a lot ol/lots oti,few, afew,
iopic: House/Flat rsBN 978-985-536-105-4
@ XpucropoxaecrBeHcKafl @ Or[opu^nenue.
JI.
n., 201 I
HTOOO
(1)
lifle' a littk ':""""""""""""'82
........................90 90
Unit 10
97
Grammar: The indefinite pronouns all, bolh, either, neither, none Compounds of some, any, no, every. Gerund Topicl Farnily. Friends, Relatives. Appearance. Character......
97
Unit 1l
ll
I
f'
Grammar: Modals: can/co uld/m ayhnif r (permission), uld/wilUwozld (requests) Topic: Telephoning Communication: Permission. Requests. Desire............ ca n/co
.................... l g0
Unit 20 Grammar: Future Continuous. Present Simple and Present Continuous in r/- and rylrez- sentences Topic: Future plans and arrangements .................... l g6
Unit 2l
il8 Grammar: Modals: have to, must, need. The infinitive of purpose Topic: Jobs and work. Daily routine.
Grammar: Past Simple of De Topic: Past experiences...
...................12<)
Unit 14 Grammar: Past Simple: regular and irregular verbs. Questions
experiences Unit 15..........
...................... 192
Grammar: Modals : may/m ig ht (uncertainty), rzzst (certainty). ....................... I l8 129
Topic: Past
Grammar: Past Continuous Topic Past experiences
......................:
......................135 .............-..148
Impersonal subject Topic: Seasons and
i!
weather
...............1!7
Unit 23.......... ..,.............205 Grammar: Review of tenses. Infinitive. Gerund. Be able to. The verb gef Topic: Weekend. Picnic...... .............j.........................205
Unit 24.... Grammar: Present Perfect Continuous. Present perfecf (2) Topic: Talking about activities one has been doing.....
...................215
Grammar: Degrees of comparison.
Articles with geographical names Topic: Comparing things and people
.......................148
Grammar: Attributive clauses. Modal verbs of advice: should, ought to, had better.
Unit 16
155
Grammar: Past Simple. Article Topic: Biography................
Complex object Topic: Holidays (2). Sightseeing
t55
Communication:
Unit 17
r59
Grammar: Future Simple - wilUshall. Modals: have to, be able lo,
Object clauses Topic: Future predictions....
Unit
............... 159
18..........
................167
4
........223 .234
Grammar: Indirect questions Topic: Asking the way Communication: Directions. Arresting someone's attention. Gratitude...............234
Unit27 Grammar: Past Perfect. Past Perfect Continuous. Future Perfect.
Grammar: Present Perfect (1)
Topic: Talking about activities one has (not)
Advice...
done......
................... 167
Future Perfect Continuous Topic: Past experiences...
...................245
*
Grammar: Passive
Unit
Voice.............
Unit
.........251
29..........
.................258
Unit 39.......... Grammar: Review of tenses. Reported speech. Complex object
Topic: Hotel
Desire............
Topic: Shopping
269 Grammar: Articles with names of meals and food.
Review ofthe indefinite pronouns Topic: Meals' Cdmmunication: Offers. Preference, Requests..:...................::....... ........................269
Unit 31
Communication: Requests. Offers. Desire................................:.............,...............358
t
cnpasoqHr.rr........................... .....................376 cnparovuur..............-...... ......................,..,............38 I floypounufi cnoBapE.......... ..................qA Kparrufi t[onerr.rvecrnfi fpalrua'ruvecrufi
............................284
Ta6nuua HenpaBnrBHbIX mano;IoB CnNcor ncnonrgonauuof fir.rreparypEr...
Grammar: Sequence of tenses
Unit 32
............288
Grammar: Review of tenses. Participle, Articles. Preposiiions Topic: Going out. Entertainment. Cinema Communication: Suggestions and inyitations. Likes and dislikes. Opinions. Agreeing and disagreeing. Praise and criticism...................................288
Unit 33
...,...........:...........305
Grammar: Reported speech. Tbe use of tenses in reported speech .......................305
Unit
34..........
................312
Grammar: Review of tenses. Participle. Articles Topic: Going out. Entertainment. Theatre/Concert Communication: Suggestions and invitations. Likes and dislikes. Opinions. Agreeing and disagreeing....-............... ..........................312
Unit
35..........
................322
Grammar: Reported statements and
questions
Unit
.........322 327
Grammar: Clauses of purpose. Verbals. Be Topic: Travelling by
train..............
* to-infinitive. ........,..................327 1
Unit 37.......... Grammar: Reported Commands lRequests /Suggestions. Greetings, leavetakings, wishes, thanks, introductions, spologies and exclamations in reported
speech.......
................346
................258
Grammar: Complex object. Have something done Communication: Requests.
38..........
Grammar: Review of tenses. Reported speech Topic: Travelling by plane Cornmunication: Permission. Requests. Desire...................................,.......:.........:.346
i ,1
.......................338
....................5-l I
u crpaAarenbnoro 3zlJrora, uefi'rparuro-6rrrosofi reKclrKn r.r pa3roBopHbrx r[oprr,ryn, neo6xoAurraux AJrr rroJrHouenHoro o6u1enu.r. Tularenuro no4o6paunufi rsuxoaoft Marepuan B coBoKy[Hocrr,r c [peAnoxenHofi uero4nrofi, B ocHoBe roropofi nexar rrpuuur,rrrlr KoMMyHrrKarr{Buoro o6yreuur, rro3BoJurr ) rarquMcr B orHoclrreJrbtro roporrufi cpox u 6es Br{TeJrbHoro
Ilpegrcnoere Hacro.sruee noco6ne rrpegcraBnter co6oil Ha.{amHHft nypc o6ytenrar pa3roBopHoMy anrnuficrouy t3blKy. Ono paccvrraHo Ha Tex, KTo Haqr,IHaer lr3) rarb anunftcxufi.fl3blK trlrra [poAoJlxaer ero itc)Aarb [ocJle AoJrroro rrepepErBa. floco6ne Moxer 6urr ucnoru3oBaHo Ha Kypcax llHocrpaHHhlx t3blKoB, Ha r[arynrrerax rrHocrpaHHEIX t3bIKoB B KaqecrBe yre6rnra rlo BTopoMy r{HocrpauHoMy q3brKy, a raKxe B Het3bIKoBbIX By3tx. Buecre c reM roco6ne uoxer yAoBnerBopr{Tb' lllupoKufi rpyr JIIrIq, xeJli[otqrlx uayrurrcr roBopr{Tb na anrnuficxoM t3hrKe unu [poAoDKI,ITb ero Lrl1^reHue caMocrotTenbHo.
B noco6nu npeAcraBleHu uau6onee ynorpe6urenbHble pa3roBopHble Klrlrne, ocuonrnre 6rrroarre reMbr It rpaMMarl{qecxue rsreu[t. O6yrenr,re crporrrcf, lra ocrroBe rexcron-o6pasqoB Al{urnoruFlecKoro }r MoHoJIorFIecKoro xaparrepa, MoAenfipyrculo< ynorpe6reHlle Ial) raeMoro TBJIeHHT B pa3nrrurx c$epax KoMMyHr,rKarlurr rr B coBoKy[Hocrl{ c coorBercrBylourl{M KoMrrrrercoM ynpaxuenuft o6ecnequnatoulnx ueJteHalpaBneHHyrc aKTI{BI,r3aIILilo Bcex r3brKoBHx qsreHl,lfi B cl{ryarllBHo-KoHTeKcrHoft pevu. MeroAra.{ecxofi rrpeAnocbrJrKoft uoco6lu tBJlserct r[ynxryronanbHo-cllcreMHsIfi no,qxo4, n cooTBeTcTBr4n
c
KOTOpbIM AOMI,IHI.TpyIOUeU
npu
aKTI,IBu3aUr{lt fl3bIKOBOfO
Marep[aJra Bhrcryrraer ero rfynrwu, a'cav. npoqecc aKTrrBI,tsaqHH crporo AO34pOBaH rro uaraM. Kypc cocroltr ns 39 ypoKoB, nocreAosareJlbHo cBt3aHHux uexAy co6oft TeMarlrqecKli, JIeKc[rIecKr,I rl rpaMMar[tlecNn. Marepltilfi flocneAyloulnx ypoKoB BKrroqaer s ce6s Marepl4arl npeAbl,ryrq[x, B cBf,3ll c qeM [oBTopeHue lr
[po[cxoAxr napannenbHo c rr3)^IeHLreM HoBoro. floco6ue o6ecneq[saer BbrcoKylo crerreHb noBropteMocrra yre6noro Marep[zlna 3a cqer clequanuHo uo4o6paHHblx TexcroB I,I KoMIrJIeKca ynpaxHeHnit sa vr>< ocHoBe, yro Aeraer rlpouecc o6yleruar JIerKuM Iit AocrynHblM, ue rpe6yer clequaJrbHoro 3a'ytwBaHvr cnoB I4 [paKTlIqecKH He Bbl3blBaer rpy4nocrefi n 3aKperureHne
oBJraAerrnu lpaMMarr[IecKI{M crpoeM Marepr,rzrn
roao6pau lrr
anrluficxoro t3blKa. Becr sgHronoft u co.qepxur o6-
aHrJIo-aMepr,IKaHcKID( I{croqHuKoB
pa3rlbr coBpeuennofi pasroaopnofi pevu. ,{anuoe noco6ue crpol4Tc.t Ha rex )Ke MeroAruecKl4x rIpI,IHuItlax, Koropbre aBTop lrcrroJrb3oBlul rrpI,r co3AaHI,t]I AByxroMHI,IKa "AumuficKHfi t3bIr" (u. l-2, Mocxaa, "3KcMo", 2009), ogHaro oHo coAepxur 6olee HarlpaBneHuufi o6reu r3blKoBoro Marepllurna. Tar, o loco6ul4 He [peAcraBn€Hbl cocJlarareJlbHoe HaKJIoHeHLIe, cJIoxIrEIe $oprvru MoAtlJlbubtx fJlatoJroB, r,rHt[uunurBa, r€pyH4lrr 14 trpLrtacrut. B Aannou uoco6ru aKIIeHT cAenaH Ha 3aKpeIrJIeHrra 6a:osux crpyKTyp aHulrftcroro {3bIKa, B}IAoBpeMeHHbIx r[opm Aeficr8
oco6ux upo6leu oBJraAerb ueo6xo4HurrM Mr,rHaM)ailona yuenufi Ns.o6lqletllz.t Ha anuzficxoM r3brKe. floco6ne lrMeer cneAyrotrtyo crpyKTypy:
l. 2.
r,r
r,r HaBbrKoB
c.
ras,[Byx rrdnoB ypoKoB
-
rpaMMarr.{qecKr.l
TeMaTr{qecKn opueHTr.rpoBaHH6rx.
3. Kparxuft Qouernvecruft cnparouHur. 4. fpanruaruvecrafi cnpanoqHrlK, Koroprrfi npe,qclanaeH B Br4Ae ra6tmur-, 5. floypovHuft caonapr. 6. Ta6nlua Herrp:lBrrnbHbrx DraroJroB.
aBoAHUrla OOHEThqeCXTt KyPC
lle.rarHstft tupuQr
0 3eyxoaure
ynpaxHeHut
12
drm
di:d
It - i:t
IN
sIn
st'.2
rl
fil
rf It
trp
li:v ti:m
drd - di:d hd - li:d trn - ti:n
lrt
vi:l
Pyrco-
llalsaHue
lleqarsslft
Pymo-
HassaHne
drd
srt
n
nncnslil
6yxesI
urpuQr
NUCHBTfi
6yrnur
brg
prk
si: k,
rrrnulhT Aa Bb Cc
Aa Bb
lerl
Cc
Is
Dd
Dd
d
Ee
Ee
Ff
Ff
lefl
Gs Hh
Gs Hh
Ii
Ii
lt
Ji
Ji
d<erl
KK
KK
IkerI
LI Mm
LI Mm
Nn Oo
Ibt
rrrnurhr Nn Oo
r:s
ed
fil - fi:l drp - di:p srt - si,:t nrt - ni:t
enl aul
Pp Oo
Pp
rl
Oo
Ku
Rr
Rr
o:l
Ss
Ss
esl
rk
Tt
Tt
t :l
eit
Uu
Uu
tiu l
Vv
vil
Ww
Ilw
I'd^bliu:l
Xx Yv
Xx
Iel leml
Zz
Zz
es
an
bed
bed
zed
led
beg pen men fel vet
pae.m
men ,pEk
blak mep
ed-ed es-e5 bed - bed ded - dad pen - pen pel - pat men - m&n ges - gas rrset - sat ,' .
a'map e'lamp a 'desk o 'tekst e 'srn
a'film a
,'ti:m,
.
a'si:t
14xronaquonHoe ynpaxHeHr.te
flp o ua te c u nt e cn e dltto u4u e c o o 6 uqe nua c n u c x o dn u4u u
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
eks
Yy
It It It It It
's a'desk. It's a 'big 'desk. 's a'sea. It 's a 'deep 'sea. 's a'tent. It's a 'little 'tent. 's a'text. It 's an'easy'text. 's a'cat. It 's a 'black'cat.
zec
3nyru
ftaursre: 3ayxn aHrnnf cKoro 93HKa
m o, r oJn.
Eyrnrr Ii, Hh, Gg, Jj
[er] , [ar], [ral, [ea]
Cor.racurre: tfl,Iz1, tUl, [4], thl
fnacaue ti:l trl tel tal IoJ tnl
trl
tpl tul [u] [r:] [e] [er] [ar] laul [au] [rr] [ta] [ea] [ua]
Coutacnue tpl tbl ttl ldl tkl Isl tfl lvl Ie1 [6l'tsl tzl ul
t51 ItJl
tdd lhl Iml lnl [rJl trl tl] twl [j]
x
Anuuftcrufi altfanur cocrolrr uz26 6yxn: - IUeCTI4 rJIaCHbIX: a, e, I, o, u, y, - ABaAqarH cotJlacHbtx: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, tl, P, 9, r' s' t' v, w' x' z' xoropbre o6o3Ha.ralor 44 wyxa- 20 rlacnux tt24 cotnacH'blx 3ByKa'
Practice
hacnrte:
3nYxlr [r], [i:], [e], [e], [a]
cor.nacHure: Itl, tdl, tp1, tbl, tll, tml' lnl, [s],[z], lfl, tvl, tk], tgl
{
Evrcsrt Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Pp, Ss, Tt, Vv, Xx,Zz
{ I
$
t I (
t t
{& 3eyxoesre ynpaxffieH}rh terl
Iarl
hal
EI
AI
IO
der mer
mat
dra bra
selv 9eIm
tar pat
kern
satz
mIe nIe tra
ferI
naln
pra
terk plert
fart
kha
dar
naIS
leal
I
ea bea
ri:
dea
Jetm
kea
Jelf Ji:t
pea fea stea
Iar
Jrft
frl
drl kaJ
Irll
'le3e 'plega 'mega
tfin
'vI3n dr'sr3n dr'vrgn
tJern tJers
ld{l' d;i:
tjes
d3rn:
t[i:z
$rst 6em
fefl merj i:tf ti:tt
Sern
thl hi: har her
hez hem
sleS
haet
perB badt erB
htz hrl
'hrnt
1 1 11
10
I
2. Ifpousaecume o6t4ue conpocbt c eocxodnuqum moHoJa.
o
llnroxaqnoHttoe YnPaxnexre
Ilpoutnecume utedynulue o6t4Ue sOnPOcb, c eocxodnr4uttt moHort
l.
t
'Is it a 'chair? 'Is it 'heavY ? 2. 'Is it a 'lamp? 'Is it'nice? 3. 'Is it a 'hat? 'Is it'black? 4. 'Is it a 'bag? 'Is it 'emPtY? 5- 'Is it a rchain? 'Is it 'silver? 6. 'Is it a 'ship? ils it 'big? 7. 'Is it a 'kitchen?'Is it'clean? 8. 'Is it a 'tie? 'Is it 'nice? 9. ''Is it an 'apple? 'Is it'tasty? 10.'Is she a'teacher? 'Is she'kind? I I .'Is he a 'pilot? 'Is he 'clever?
1.
Cor.nacnxrfi: frl
bnd daz lnv dnn
Bvrsbr Oo, Yy
O 3eyxoeuteynpaxHeHht
o'.
ko:m
o;m ko:
tJo:m
knt brs
Ba'. go:d fo:m
- ht:l nDt - n):t knt - b:t pot - p):t lok - fr:k
dol
JDk - t):k spDt - spl:t
eu
neu seu gau
rz'6et
6auz
keut
{l
l.
t2
tua
nau hau kau dau haus
pjua kjua
tu:
tuk huk
tu:l mu:n
put
su:n
aut
Iu'. bu: blu:
ful buk
trl
laul au
T
( fl
t I
gud - fu:d ful - fu:l
9ud Jud
pul - pu:l Juk - Ju:t kuk - ku:l tuk - tu:0 buJ - bu:t
Coqsrasre comacnux c [rI
rar rer rern
trar
rart
krar krarm kri:m drar
rAn
red reSt
rent rrd rrsk
trep trrm
drrl prer prars
llnronaquonHbre ynpaxHeH[e
I. Ifpouznecume cnedynr4ue coodr4enun c aucxodtaluJu
YnPaxHeHxn
'This is a'box. The'box is'empty' 2, 'This is a'toY. The'toY is'nice' 3. "This is a'fork The'fork is 'silver. 4. 'That is a'shop. The'shop is'big. 5. 'That is a'pencil. The'pencil is'thick'
do:t
saup
at'6at
I.Ifpousnecumeetedynt4uecoo6r4enuncnucxodnt4uwmolto'rt'
Ia:p
Jua pua bua mue
Jau
tz 'Otn rz '0rk at'6rs
bo:k po:k
- do:n k^t - ko:t dnk - do:k bak - bo:k lnk - lo:k mntJ - mo:tJ bnn dan
lual
laul
Coqgraxlle corJlacHbx c tOl, t6l
Svrssr Rr, Uu
[ue], laul, [au]
lnk sak
Cor.nacusre: tel, tdl, tjl
O l,lxroxaqnoHflble
3sYrll [ul,
f.nacHure: [n], [o:], [u],
3iynu fracnue: {ol, [::1, lrrl
'Is 'this a'coin? 'Is the'coin'silver?
2. 'Is'this a'desk? 'Is the'desk 'heavy? 3. 'Is'this a'clock? 'Is the'clock rbig? 4. 'Is 'that a 'lake? 'Is the 'lake 'deep? 5. 'Is 'that a 'bottle? 'Is the 'boffle 'empty? 6. 'Is 'that a 'cake? 'Is the 'cake'tasty?
moHoJa.
1. 'These are'cups. The'cups are'blue. 2. 'These are'coats. The'coats are'grey. 3. 'These are'knives. The'knives are'sharp. 4. 'Those are 'cars, The 'cars are'red. 5. 'Those are'shoes. The'shoes are'brown. 6. 'Those are'maps. The'maps are'good. 7. 'Those are'glasses. The'glasses are'nice, l3
2. Ilpouumailme odr4ue sonpocb, c eocxodnr4un, a ,<pamKae emoemu c
O llxroxaqroHxbre ynpaxHeHrn
nucxodtt4un mowotrt.
I.
l.
'Is 'this a'pen? -'Yes, lit'is. 2. 'Is 'that a'bag? -'Yes, iit'is. 3. 'Is 'that a 'bed? -'No, lit'isn't. It's a'sofa. 4. 'Is 'this a'book? -'No, lit'isn't._It's a'notebook 5. 'Is 'that a'chak? -'No, lit'isn't. It's an'armchair. 6. 'Are 'these 'pens? -'Yes, lthey'are. 7. 'Are 'those 'shoes? -'No, lthey'aren't. They are'b6o'i!' iil .
l.
i:'
,
'
I
'Where 'Where 3.. 'Where 4. 'Where 5. 'Where 6. 'Where 7. 'Where 8. 'Where
2.
'
,
""
',1j":;.,:,,r
3. Ilpouzneiume cnedynt4ue pazdetumeJlbHbte
l.
sonPogbr.
- ,r ,,:,r
are'glasses, t'aren't
thef BYrau
fnacnurfi: [s:] Coqeraxue An$ronroo: [at], [au], [au]
(i
ww, Qq
-c nefi'rpanrnr,tu rlacHrrr,r [a]
Cor.raqrue: tw], InI 3ayxoesre ynpaxHeHut
3:
hr:d
3:n
gr:l
r:l
kr: I lr: n
r:0
fi:
t3:m
p3: s3:
Jr:t
i' i 't
I
lr:l - [r:] fr: - fr:
lel - [r:] bed - b::d
lr:l
ben - br:n ten - t3:n det - dr:t best - br:st
kr:
- kr:n
t3:n - tf:n
br:n - br:n
Jr:t'Jr:t
lr:l -
fr
[au]
'!
faum
- baun t3:n - taun pr:l - paul gr:l - gaul p3:s - pauz br:n
I
{' I
I
fr:st
I
1
I
fara bare tara lara -flara
t4
aua
gaue
saua laua taue slaua Jaua ritua paua
Oraua
- pln - krq Orn - Otq
sr0
baqk
prn
IT\
drrqk hqk
krn
kwi:n
wi: - vi: wi:l - vi:l wrm - vlm werl - vetl wet - vet war - val
kwtk
w3:s
-
loo
'r![ro
toq
'harlrq
wi: wat weI
wr:d wr:k
wea
twrst
wr9
SWrm
wel
went
twelv
are my'glasses?
is his 'jacket? is the'ball?
is-mJ'towel?
14.'Who is'that'man?
3sYrcfi
C
are 'Jack and'Lucf is your'watch?
9.
2. 3. 4. 'Dick'isn't here, l'is he? 6. 'Those
is'Peter?
is the'bank? 'Where are the'flowers? 10.'Whose'handbag is,that? I l.'Whose 'keys are ,these? 12.'Whose'car is,that? 13.'Who is'that'girl?
You are a'student, l'aren't You? 'Jack is a'teacher, l'isn't he? You are'busy, l'aren'tyou?
5,. 'This is an'office, l'isn't it?
flpouznecume utedynr4ue.cnequoJ.buwe eonpocar c aucxodtt4ail mo-
HOJW.
v3:s
oro
berl 'ri:drq herJ 'mi:trg seeq 'st4tq
wrn - wln
fan - fail ren -
reen
s^n - sen gon - gon
1
I
t
{
I
(
t
'What's 'this? 16.'What's 'that? 17.'What are'these? 18.'What are'those? 15.
2. Ifpouzaecume cnedynque nodydumenb*bre obrcKtnweaHut c nucxot dnt4atn moHoJn.
l.
'Read the 'text.
2. 'Take the'chalk. 3. 'Fix the'lamp. 4. 'Come'here. 5. 'Do your'homework. 6. 'T1pe the'article. 7. 'Write the 'test. 8. 'Wash the 'shirt. 9. 'Send the'letter. 10.'Ask'Peter. I
l.'Meet her.
12.'Teach us. 13.'Take them-
14.'Askhim. 15.'Send it.
l5
5 3. flpousnecume cne$tnt4ue urbmepuomusnbre sonpocbt. Coflapdotrme
3. What are these? - They are apple trees. 4. What are those? - They are palm trees. 5. Who is this? - It's John. 6. Who is that? - That is my sister, Mary. 7. Who are these girls? - They are my friends. 8. Who are those boys? - They are Tom and Ron.
vreHenue Qpasu na doe uwmoHaquouubte zplnnbr.
l.
'Is 'that a 'table I or a'desk?
2. 'Is 'this an'apple I or a'pear? 3. 'Is 'that a 'pen I or a'pencil? 4. 'Is the 'pencil 'ttriclt I or'thin? 5. 'Is he a 'sailor t or a 'pilot? 6. 'Is she a 'tEacher I or a'doctor? 7. 'Is he 'poor I or'rich? 8. 'Is she 'old I or'young? |&
L
4. flpouumailme cnedyw4ae ubmepusmasHbrc eonpocbr, cotnndut aeaue Qpaznt na dce uHmouaquoHHbte zpynnbr. 1. Is this a calculator or a mobile phone? - It's a calculator. 2. Is that a guitar or a trumpet? - It's a trumpet. 3. Are these sofas or beds? - They are sofas.
KonrponuxsteynpaxHeHxf,
4. Are those chairs or armchairs? - They are armchairs.
flpouumartme caedyrcr4ue KsmezopuqecKue cbtcnssbrcaHufl c ,rucxo-
5. Ilpouumailme cledyw4ae pazdetrumerbHbre sonpocbt. Co1nrudailme
dat4uu moilo.u.
l.
npogunbHyro uilmowoqun.
10. 11.
l.
This is a carpet. It's a nice carpet.
2. That is a watch. It's an expensive watch. 3. That is a cinema. - No, it isn't a cinema. It's a theatre. 4. These are shoes. They are good shoes. 5. Those are flowers. They are beautiful flowers. 6. Those are cups. -No, theyaren'tcups. Theyare glasses. 7. This is cheese. It is fresh cheqse. 8. This is Nick and that is Peter: 9. This is my umbrella. That is our car. This is his camera.
1.
qI
i
(
l2.That is her doll. your gloves. our toys. 15. Those are their newspapers. 13. These are
I
14. Those are
2. flpouznecume o6t4ue sonpocb, c
1
eocxodtuquJlt mouota. O6pamame
SHUMAHUe HA AHmOHAqAn KpamKux omgemog.
l. Is this a camera? - Yes, it is. A.{o, it isn't. 2. Are these sunglasses? - Yes, they are. A.Io, they aren't. 3.
4.
Is that a helicopter? - Yes, it is. lNo, it isn't. Are those birds?.- Yes, they are. A.,lo, they aren't.
3. Ilpouznecume cne4aanbubte nonpocot c nucxodnt4uJn mouoJn.
l.
What's this? - It's a library.
2.
What's that? - It's a school.
t6
I I
This is
a
park, isn't it? - Yes, it is.
2. Thatis a notebook, isn't it? - No, it isn't. It's a textbook. 3. That isn't a vase, is it? - Yes, it is. It's a beautiful vase. 4. These are cassettes, aren't they? - Yes, they are. 5. Those are lions, aren't they? - No, they aren't. They are tigers. 6. Those aren't armchairs, are they? - Yes, they are. They are comfortable annchairs. 6. Ilpouznecume pennuKa, cbtpsxrconulae cowrrcHue, yduenenue c Hu3KuM eocxodnt4uu moHoJn.
l.
This is an oak. - ,Is it?
2. This isn't an oak. - ,Isn't it? 3. These are oaks. - ,Are they? 4. These aren't oaks. - ,Aren't they? 7.
l.
llpouumartme utedynr4ue uuxpoduattozu c npscunonoil unmoaaqueil.
A: Is this a book? B: Yes, it is.
A: Is the book interesting? B: Yes, it's very interesting.
2. A: Are these
oranges?
B: Yes, they are. A: Are they sweet? B: Yes, they are very.sweet.
A: Are the apples sweet, too? B: No, they aren't.
t7
-f 3. A: Is Alice
beauriful?
B: She is verybeautiful. A: Is her friend beautiful, too?
OCHOBHO]4 KYPG
B: No, she is ugly.
Unit
1
4. A: Is Tom a doctor or a teacher? B: He is a doctor.
A: Is your husband
Grammar:
a doctor, too?
B: No, he is an officer.
A: Your brother is a joumalist, isn't
he?
ir
I
5. A: Are you tired or not?
I
B: I am very tired. A: You are happy, arenit you? B: Yes, I am.
I
l
I {
HeHue. 3Haxorlrcrso.
.
flpou-1anun.
IlpueleveH ue
BH
llMa
H
o".1,. Urp"-
tlq.
ustrative Situations
. i
1
. fi,{
. l
.J '.
I
i
I t i
..1
with ages How old are you? - I'm twenty. How old is Jack? - He's twenty-five. with jobs What's your job? (: What are you?) - I'm a teacher. What is your father's job? - He's a doctor.
with nationality words Where are you from? - I'm from Spain. I'm Spanish. What nationality are you? (: What's your nationality?) - I'm Greek.
I
i J
with names What's your name? - (It's) Chris Best. What's your surname (last name), please? - (It's) Best. What's yqur fust name? -It's Chris. Who are you? - I'm John Forest. Who is that man? - He's Peter Baker.
1
is that pretty girl?
B: He is my son.
l8
Topic:Oce6eroApyrrx Communication: rrpunercraur.
i,1
man?
9r-rl
The verb De is used:
B: It's coffee. A: Are those lemons or oranges? B: They are lemons. A: This is juice, isn't it? B: Yes, it is.
B: She is my daughter. A: Who is that handsome
noe
Mecra, BonpocurelrHhre cfl
lll
A: The calculator isn't expensive, is it? B: No, it isn't. It's quite cheap. A: The mobile phone isn't expensive either, is it? B: Yes, it is. It is very expensive.
A: And what's this? B: It's milk.
Bp€MeHn (Present Simple).
uquure u npurqxareJrbnbre MecronMe-
cyulecTBHTerrbHbrx.
t
B: Yes, it is.
8. A: Who
qficJro
computer is expensive, isn't it?
7. A: Is that tea or coffbe?
Jf
Hur. flpurnxarerrnurfi
i't
B: Yes, he is.
6. A: This
flaror De u nacronrqeM
YxarareluHbre Mecror4MeHlrg.
.
with adjectives You're right. I'm happy. Are you tired? Is he tall? What are the cars like? - They're very comfortable. What is your brother like? - He's tall and handsome. He's very clever. What colour is your car? - It's blue. What kind of house is that? - It's big and modern. 19
wrth this/that, th es e/tho s e This/that is my bike. These/those are my glasses. Is this/that your seat? Are these/those our seats? What's this/that? - It's a DVD player. What are these/those? - They're calculators. Is that Betty or Kate? - It's Kate. / Are those books or notebooks? - They're notebooks. This is an orange, isn't it? - Yes, it is. /No, it isn't. That isn't apeat, is it? - No, it isn't. It's an apple. / Yes, it is. It's a very tasty pear. These are oranges, aren'tthey? - Yes, they are. A.Io, they aren't, They are lemons. Those aren't pears, are they? - No, they aren't. /Yes @ut) they are. They are very tasty pears.
. with introductions Informal A: This is Pat Wilson and this is Chris Best. B: Hello, Chris. C: Nice to mee! you, Pat. Formal A: This is Mr Pat Wilson and this is Miss Chris Best. B: How do you do, Miss Best. C: How do you do, Mr Wilson. (At an informal pafry)
A
Hello. My name's Pat Wilson B: Hi! I'm Chris Best.
A: Pardon? B: I'm Chris Best. '
with places Where is Mary? - She's in the garden. Where are Bob and Sue? - They're in the library.
with phrases of possession This This This This This This
is is is is is is
my book. The book is mine. her book. The book is hers. his book. The book is his. our book. The book is ours. your book. The book is yours. their book. The book is theirs.
A: Nice to meet you.
.
urith social greetings A: Hello, Pat. How are you today? B: Fine, thanlxs, Chris. And you? A: Oh, verywell. How's the family? B: (They're) all fine, thanks. A: Good. Well, give my regards to everyone. B: Thanks. And give my love to your sister, too. Goodbye.
Practice
A: Whose cigar is that? B: It's Mr Brown's cigar. It's his. A: Whose glasses are they? B: They are Jane's glas'ses. They're hers.
A: Whose car is that? B: Which one?
A: The green one. B: Oh, it's Mr Black's. A: Which books are yours? B: The ones on the table. with numbers and addresses What's your address, please? - My address is 235 Main Street. What's your email address? - It's silvioTT hotserve.com. What's your phone number? - My phone number is 741 8906.
with the impersonal r'f
It's cold. It's easy (to do it). 20
7. 3 an on nu me np o ny c Ku
co
omc e mcmey rc t4e il
Q optw o
il
zr tnon a to
be
1. This... myfamily.2. These... myparents.3. Lucy... English.4. We... in the garden. 5. This ... her pen. 6. Maria and Anna'... students. 7. My dog ... happy. 8. I ... happy. 9. They... my sisters. Their names ... Mary and Kate. 10. I ... from Canada. I l. Those ... the boys' bikes. 12. It ... a very expensive car. 13. We... tired. 14. You...angry.
2. Cdenailme sbtcnnt ucoHun ompuqameJrbHbrrtu. e.g. It's hot today. It isn't hot today. 1. My friends are here. 2. I'm at home. 3. You're a teacher. 4. We're at the cinema. 5. It is diffrcult. 6. Kate is happy. 7.1am married. 8. She is beautiful. 9. You are right. 10. This is a typewriter. I l. Those'are computers. 1 2. It is cold today. 13. She is American. 14. He is from France. 15. They are doctors.
2l
16. The dictionary is expensive. 17. It is easy, 18. I am tired. 19. That is fish. 20. She is a clever grl.2l. They are tourists.
3. 3anonnume nponycKu ymeepdimeaonoil
ztazonu to be.
6. 3anonuume nponycKu coomcemcmsynryfr Qopmofr urazona
tobe.
1. A: ... she a singer? B: Yes, she ... . She ... a singer.
u,u ompuqilmeninoil (topnou
2. A: ... your dog dangerous? B: No, he ... . He ... gentle
3. A: ,.. you from
Sweden?
B: Yes, we ... : We ... from Sweden.
4. A: ... Lris father
\
j,;!
4. rro c m ac tm e cte dy n r4ue npedn o ucen ufl I a rt
H
o ercecmce
ti-
e.g. This is a pen. These are pens. That is a pen. Those are pens.
H H o e 4t u cJ,
. 'r
{
o.
'
i,
/
l. This is a spoon. 2. That is 5, That is his dog. 6. That is he
I
{
textbook. 9. That is our child. watch. 12. This is a nice vase. 15. This isn't an interesting story. 16. This is a tall man. 17. That is my teach-
{
er.
i
e.g. This hat is brown. Thesehats are broum. That hat is brown. Those hats are brown.
i'
l.This skirt is short. 2, This watch is gold. 3. That dress is nice. 4. This necklace isn't expensive. 5. This woman is rich. 6. Is that your glove? 7. Is this our car? 8. That story is interesting. 9. That house isn't big.
5. Cocmaeame npedtouceHufl
I
coomcemcmsuu
dannue cnooa.
t
This is a car. It's an expensive car. The car is o(pensirc. b) hatVnice
uJueHw.
c) juice/fresh
This is juice. It is fresh juice. The juice is
l.
fresh.
2. flat/clean; 3. dog/clever; 4. coffee/strong; 5.
A: How old are you?
B: ... 'm
'
toys/nice; 6.meatlfat;7. computer/old;8. schooVmodern;9. bag/black; 10. shirtVwhite; I l. teallndian; 12. book/interest'ng
22
B: No, I... . I... single. A: ...that a calculator? B: No, it ... . It ... a mobile phone. 16. A:'... these your gloves? B: No, they... .They...Mary's. 7. 3aeepuume duanozu, ucnonwyfl coomoemcmq,nulae raqwbte ilecmo-
These are hats. They are nice hats. The hats are nice.
pearVsweet;
A: ...you married?
15.
a) carl expensive
l.
painter?
.
14.
o"riury"
c o6poz4ottt,
a
B: No, he... . He ... an actor. 5. A: ... you a vet? B: Yes, I ... . 6. A: ... he your brother? B: No, he ... . He ... my cousin. 7. A; ... you a teacher? B: No, L.. . I ... a policewoman. 8. A: ... theysad? B: No, they... . They... happy. 9. A: ... he Spanish? B: No, he... . He... French. 10. A: .,. you a ta:ci driver? B: No, I... . I ... a pilot. 11. A: ...they from Birmingham? , B: No, they... .They... fromYork. 12. A:...you Jackie Wilson? B: No, I ... . I... Sandra Collins. 13. A:...Warsaw in Hungarf B: No, it ... . It ... in Poland.
2. A: Who 3.
19 years old.
is...
?
B: ... is my friend, Anna. A: Where is George? B: ... 's at school. 23
4. A: Are Julie and Maria sisters?
I
B: Yes, ... are. B: Yes,... is.
6. A: Are ... a policeman? B: No, ... 'm not
8.
u,[tceiln.
Ted and Jane are married' Ted is Jane's husband. Jane is Ted's wife. Bobby is Ted and Jane's son' Nancy is their daughter. Jane is Bobby and NancY's mother. Ted is their father.
5. A: Is this your book? a policeman.
7. A: Are Brian and Robert from
8. Ifpovumailme o cettoe Teda
France?
B: No, ... aren't from France. A Is Ben a pilot?
B: Yes,... is.
9. A: Is Lisa your
friend? B: No, ... isn't my friend. 10. A: Where is the Statue of Liberbf B: ... is in America. (
I
father son
daughter
Ilpouumailme o cemoe Atucuu.
9.
lraodtather
Myname is Alicia.
grandmolhcr
This is my husband. His name is George. This is my daughter. Her name is Martha. These are my sons. Their names are Ricardo and Ramon. Our last name is Castro. This is my dog. Its name is Coconut'
pandson grrnddrughter
mother
Bobby is Nancy's brother. Nancy is Bobby's sister. Hilda is Bobby and Nancy's grandmother' Fred is their grandfather. Bobby is Fred and Hilda's grandson. Nancy is their granddaughter.
70. 3ueptuume npedroilceHufl, Ucnorb3yr npumflilcsmenbHbre Jaecmo' uJfieHufl my, his, her, its, our, their.
bro!her sister
1.
Hello. ... last name is Delgado.
2. ...nane is Olga. 3. And this is ... husband. 4. ... name is Hector. 5. This is my daughter. ..' nzrme is Isabel. 6. These are my sons. ... names aro Eddie and Tommy' 7. This is their cat. ... name is Tex. Bobby
1
Nancy
1. 3aeepwume
nP umn ucamen
uefiinu4re npedruilseHufl' ucnonffiyl sflconnmty bH
bu
Me cm
o
n
Qopny
uMe H u il.
e.g. This is your money. The money is yours'
Ifobby
Nency
l. It's my bag. [t's ... . 2. That is their car. It's ' '. . 3. T They're ... .4. That is their camera. It's ... . 5. They are
books are ... . 6. They're my glasses. The glasses are "' 7 It's ... . 8. That is our dog. It's ... . 9. Those ail'o your dolls. The dolls
24
...
.
25
-l is our house. It's... . 11. This is your TV. It's ... . lZ. This is my It's ... . 13. These are your caSsettes. They're ... .14. Those are her They're ... .
10. This
bicycle. photos.
I
16. Ilpouuntailme eonpoeil e recoil KoJroHKe u naildume Ho Hux omsembt e npaaoil KoJroHKe.
12. Budepume npasuJrbHoe cnoao.
l.
'Whose umbrella is this?'
Short is oftenbusy, ...? 20. He.isRussian, ...? 21, We're inKing Street, ...? 22.Youaren'tangry, ...? 23, The children are still at sbhool, ...?
'It's my/mine.' 2. Is that hers/her dog? 3. ,Are
,those computer games your/yours?' 'Yes, they are our/ours.' 4. 'Whose guitar
l. Where are your friends froin?
a. Red.
2. What's your nationality?
b, No,
is this?' 'It's their/theirs.' 5. 'Who'sAilhose she?' 'She's Sally/Sally's sister.'
6. Are these their/theirs books? 7. These aren't our/ours p"nJ. Th"y'r" your/yours. 8. 'Who is he?' 'He's Alex's and Rachel's/Alex and Rachel's cousin.' 9. 'Is this TV ours/bur?' 'No, it's Mark and Amanda's/Tvlark's and Amandals.' 10. That bicycle is hers/her. 11. This is mine/my camera. 12.'Are these gloves PauUPaul's?' 'No, they're your/yours.'
i'
it comfortable or
jl
{,
I
14. 3adailme urbmepHamusubre conpocbr, ucnonbsyt danuate croea.
I
e.g. she/teacher/doctor? Is she a teacher or a doctor?
{
l. he/taxi driver/pilot? 2.helsinglelmarried? 3. they/from BrazrlJ from Spain? 4. she/Canadian/American? 5. this/calculator/mobile phone? 6. that/ tiger/lion? 7. plates/cleanldirfy? 8. he/old/young? 9. Kateldancet/singer?
1
r(ononnume.anedynu4te npednowenun npuc oeduuenubrtrtu
s
onpoc ut tu. t,
a fine old hotel, isn't it?
I
I
They aren't at home, ... ? They are4't at home, are they?
l.
He's a businessman,
...? 2. She's pretty, ...?
1 1
cheap, ...? 15. This is my notebook, ... ? 16: These are your children, ...? 17. Mrs Dobson isn't in London yet, ; . .? 18. She is still in Rome, . . .? 19. Mr
26
Paris, Frairce.
k. Yes, I am. l. The Spice Girls. m. No, it's easy. n. It's Linda's. o. That is David Smith.
\
p. It's an English dictionary.
... Jane Smith, What... yowname?' ... Simone Starr. ... you an actress? Jane : No, I ... not. L.. a singer. ... you a guitarist? Simone: Yes, I ... . My friend ... a drummer. We ... in a band. Jane: Who ... your favourite singer? Simone: My favourite singer ... Celine Dion. She ... a pop singeg. Jane: ... she from Holland? Simone: No, she ... . She ... from Canada.
I
i
I
J
,
-
18.'Ilpouumafime a eocnpouzeedumb caedynt4ue duanozu. Cocmaeome nododnue duatozu.
ir
3. His answer is clever, ...?
4. They aren't married, ...? 5. This is a dishwasher, ...? 6. Those are your shoes, ...? 7.Dave isn't at home yet, ...? 8. They are in Madrid,.,.? 9. I'm not late, .., ? 10. I'm.late, ...? 11. She isn't a teacher, ...? 12. They aren't here, ...? 13. This annchair is comfortable, ...? 14. Those umbrellas are
i. i'm Italian.
j.
Simone: My name
e.g. It's a fine old hotel, ... ?
It's
Whose bag is this? Is English diflicult? What book is this? Who is that man?
f. She's 17, g. We're from Germany. h. She's a hairdresser.
Jane: Hello, myname
17. he/heavy/thin? 5.
13. 14. 15. 16.
d.In Spain. e. 660068.
17. 3anonnume nponycKtt coomcemcmsJnqeil Qopnofi ztazona to be"
l0.these/books/.notebooks? ll. those/pens/pencils? 12. watcVgold/silver? l3.house/old/new? 14. he/rich/poofl 15. helhandsome/ugly? 16. he/talVshort?
7
,
:
13. Omaemtme Ha sonpocbr o ceoeil Kespmupe.
1. Is your flat large or small?-2. Is it noisy or quiet? 3. Is not? 4. Is it expensive or cheap? 5. Is it light or dark?
3. How old is she? 4. Are you a doc-tor? 't 5. What's'your favourite colour?. 6. Are you in the school basketball team? 7. What-s your home town?:, 8. What's your favourite band? .. : , 9. What's your telephone number? 10. Where is Barcelona? . I l. What's her job? 12. Where are you and your friend from?
Ilm in the school foot-
ball team. c. They're from Portugal,
l.
A: What coloii'is your new car? B: It's green. ,
'A:What is the car
like?
'
:
B: It?s fast and comfortable. A: Is it? B: Yes, it is. Come and see it. 27
A: Where is my bag?
A: Look, Nick, is this your
B: I think it',s on the table. A: But it isn't there! B: Then look under the table or near the bookcase. 3
A: Where
A: The red one? B: No, the white one.
are we?
9. A: Are these Kate's pencils? B: Which ones? A: The ones on the desk.
B: Why! We're in front of the stafion. A: The station? So soon? Well, where are our tickets? B: They are in mybag. A: Very well. Where is my newspaper? B: It's in your pocket.
A: And the umbrella? B: Oh yes, realln where is your umbrella? ... Oh, but it is in your A: And the dog? Where is it? B: It's still in the car. Ann, fetch it, please. 4. A: Excuse me, sir. B: Yes? A: Where is the lift, please? B: Go down the corridor, there. A: Thank you.
B: No, they're Helen's. 10.
hand.
C: Yes, it's mine. Thank you.
1l. A: Excuse me. Is this your ball? B: No, it isn't mine. It's his.
A: Is this yours? C: No, it isn't mine. It's hers. A: Excuse me! Is this your ball? D: No, it isn't mine. I think it's theirs.
1 1
A: Pardon me, madam. B: Yes, sir. What is it?
l
A: Hello. Is this yours? E: No, it isn't mine. It's the dog's.
A: Where is the bar? 12.
B: Downstairs, in the hall, please.
A: Thank you very much. B: Not at all.
A: Lookhere!
I
B: Yes? What is it?
I
A: Where is the parking place? B: It's just round the corner behind that long wall. A: Thanks a lot. B: It's all right. 7.
A: Sorry to interrupt you, sir. B: It's all right. What is it? A: Where is the smoking room? B: It's next door, there. A: Thankyou. B: Don't mention it.
28
A: Is this your wallet? B: No, it isn't mine. A: Whose is it then? B: I think it's Simon's. His wallet is brown.
A: Simon, is this wallet yours?
B: You are welcome. 5.
car?
B: No, mine is over there.
A: Whose gloves are those, on the chair? B: They're probably Kate's. A: Hers? Not yours? B: No, they're not mine. Mine are black and old.
19. Ilpouumsilme
u eocnpouzaedume cnedyor4ue duatozu.
Cocmacame
nododaote duanozu.
I
At the Gusfoms Security Offrcer: Open your bag, please, sir. Man: OK. SO: What's this? Man: It's a laptop computer for my work. SO: Mmm. And what are these? Man: They're magazines - computer magazines. SO: And this? Man: It's a scarf for my wife. 29
Billy Wants to Know
Billy: LookDad! What's Dad: It's
21. Ilpouymailme o Mopu Xonxuac
that?
SURNAME
a scorpion. Scorpions are very dangerous.
Billy And
what are those?
FIRST NAME
Dad: Those are camels.
Billy: What's that?
COUNTRY
Dad: It's a snake.
Billy: It's horrible! And who
are those people over there?
Dad: They're Bedouin. They live in tents in the desi:rt.
Billy;'They look
strange!
.
JOB
,r
.
ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER
Alice: Yes, it is, and this is myuncle. Betty: Are those your cousins? Alice: No, they're my brother's friends. Betty: And who are those handsome men? Alice: They're my neighbours, and this is my dog Rover. Betfy: No, it isn't. ThaJ's your cat. Alice: I'm sorry. I made a mistake. Where are my glasses? 20.
Ilpouumafime u eocnpouseedume cnelynr4ue
MARRTED?
duuJtozu.
name? B: My name is Harryr Ross. A: What is your address? B: My address is l0 River Street.
A: What is your phone number? B: Myphone number is723-1576. A: Where are you from? B: I'm from Chicago. A: Who is that man? B: Oh, that's David Smith. A: How old is he? B: He's thirty. A: What's his job? B: He's a chemist. A: Is he married? B: Yes, he is: That pretty woman next to him is his wife.
------l l-Joumatilt --__l I-Ensland
F5--f;frstreetEstoi--l
lffirffi----l l-6----
I
3aeepwume sonpocbt. a.
What's her sumamo?
b. c.
her fust name?
she
? What's --iob? phone number?
,|
g. How old
h. Is
she
Hopkins. Mary. England. She's ajournalist.
?
d. e.
A: What is your
30
l-F6-PK-iiis-------l
?
35 North Street, Bristol.
0272 478 2209. Twenty-three.
No,
she
isn't.
3adailme aH&rozuttHbae tonpocbt csoeM! nspmuep!. Paccxatcume o csoeMnapmHepeuoce6e. 22. Ilocmaeame sonpocb, ecexmunos x cnedyrut4uu npednotceaunn.
l.
The hotel is comfortable. 2.The desks are brown. 3. This is a calculator. It is cold today. 6' Helen's parents are in Rome. 7.Mal.y is Russian. 8. Alice is 22. 9. John is, an officer. 10. That.is milk. I 1. Betsy is in New York. 12, The book is interesting. 13. This is David's daughter. 14. Her name is Kate.15. It is Peter's umbrella' 4. These are John's children. 5.
23. Ilepeeedume Hs sHzJtuilcKuil n3ilK cnedyruI4ue npedtoatcenun. co6axa. Co6axa uoy^.2.3ro rsou KHI4TI{. KnHrlI rsol'I. 3. 3ru M€rJrbqlrKI,I MoLI Apy3bt. 4.}ru Kaccerbl HoBbIe. 5. Te caurxfi cvtuvrc.6' 3to crrHlre qarrrKrr. 7. 3ro Balua I4JIH ee rerpaqr? - 3ro ee re'IpaAb. 7. 3ro KapaH-
A. l.3ro uor
31
- Ona gronouucr, - Kax ona srrm.sAur? - Ona shlcorar crpofina.r AeByurKa c rorry6nuu Dra3aMn.
Aarufi. 3Tr.r KapaHAaruu 3eJlerrb're, a re cr.rHae. 8. 3na KHI{m nrilepecnrre? Het, orm He HHTepecHbIe. - A te KHr{rlI l{HTepecnue? - Aa, re Krlr,rflr HHTepecnhle. 10. I[rn sro uBerbr? - 3ro nron qBerhr. Il. Iae rrou 6parrr? - Onn Ha pa6ore. 12. 3to Bama Wu ee rerpaAr! - 9ro ee rerpaAb. 13. Kaxono qsera rBof HoBbrfi asroMo6lrnr? - forry6oro. 14. Kro 3ra AeByruKa? - 9ro Mapnr. 15..fl ne cryAenr. .f, npeuo4anarenr. 15.3ro rpacrnufi napx. 16. 9ro rexcr. Texcr nerrnfi. 3ro nerxr,lfi rercr. 17. 3ro oaepo. Ono rny6oxoe. 18. 9ro KBapr[pa [:rera. Ona 6onrua.r r{ KpacuBaf,. 19. tlru sm rdatrrr,lHH? Hauu. 20.r{rs ero co6axa? - Mo.r. 21. fte rBolr Apy3br? - B flapr.rxe. 22.Kro gror MoJroAofi ,{eroser? - 3ro uofi 6pan.23.9ro ornr.r'rHar Marurua. - \a,so bna cJrr{rrrKoM.qdporar. 24. Kro onra? - OHn r{oll Apy3br. 25. 3ro ne 3nrsa. 9ro 9uua. OHa cecrpa Eesa. OHa npa.r: OHa xopourufi epav. 26. 3ro ruan CuIa. 3ro rnoxofi rurata. 27. Muncrc 6oruuroft ropgA. Os crolnqa Berapycn. 28; Sror vafi foprvnfi? - He'r, ero xonoAdrrfi\afa.29.3rn cyMKLr 6enrre. 3ro 6enrre cyrrKr.r. 30. 3ro cJraArr.re anetrcunn? - ,{a, ero
3l. Kapangauru n ropo6xe.32. faeerrr Ha croJre. 33. Xne6 a 6yQere. 34.Hss ero ruura? - Kaxar? - Ta, xoropaa Ha croJre. 9ro rurura Karn. 35. 9ru ero ry$nn? - Kaxue? - Te, xoropue B r(opr.rAope. 36. 9ro flupoxHoe. 3ro claAxoe lupo)ruoe. 37. 3ro n[poxHbre. 3ro craAKlre rmpoxrrbre. 38. 3ro Bar[u crynb{? - Her, He Mou. 9ro rsot,t crynbr. 39. r{ro sro? - 3ro rsofi Honrrfi BeJrocurreA. 3ro oqeHr xopouufi BeJroc[rreA. 40. fae rraofi soHrnr? - Os y re6.r s pyKax. 4l: 3ro rranKa. IIIanra qepHarr. 9m vepnar uranKa. 42.9ro Kaccerbr. Kaccerrr HoBbre.9ro nonue KaccerH. 43. 3ro Mor cyMra. - Oua,repHar nnr{ KoplrrrHeear? - Kopnnesafl. 44. r{ro ero? - 3ro Mor,r HoBbre qacbl. - Ouu oqeHr Aoporne, He raK ln? - Aa.45. 3ro qafi, 3ro vuIlztficKLri4.rafi. 9ro xoporuuft qaia.46. Kro oH? - 3ro Anercc. - A KTo 3Tr g,enyruru? - Onn uou cecrpbr. 47. Te qartrr
- OHa saMyr(eM? - Her. 24. 3adartme sonpocb, ccex munos x cnedynt4uttt mcncmail-
This is my classroom. It is large. The walls are grey. Those are pichresThey are on the walls. These are desks. The desks are brovm- This is my desk These are notebooks and textbooks. They are on the deslc The textbools are new. These are shelves. They are brown and yellow. This is a blacliboard" It is brown. All the students are in the classroom, but the teacher isn't in the
l.
classroom yet. Onuwume csoa rqaccHyn KoMHqmY.
orreHb cnaAKne aneJrbcuHrl.
B. Vtof 6par Burrop xeHar. Ero xeny ronyr Annofi. Asue 30 ner, a Buxropy 35 ner. Bnrrop Bpaq, ero xeHa npenoAaBareJrbHlrqa anu[ficxoro rsrtxa. LIx Aoqepfi Onrre 5 -ner. Ona orleHb xopo[eHbKarl I,Ix cuny l4ropn 8 ner. Os ouenr yunuft MzurLqI,IK. Cerurs uoero 6para oqeHb ApyxHat.
B. - Kax 3oByr rBoro
cecrpy?
- Hrura. - Croruxo eflrer? - 25. - 9eu ona 3anruuaercr?
32
I
2. The Franklin family is at home today. \[r FranHin is in the garden- Mrs Franklin is in the yard. Tom and Jane are in the living root- Befly is in the bedroom. The dog is in the dining room. The cat is in the bathoom-
I
{
t I
3. Hi, I'm George. I'm English. I'm a pilot. This is my frie'nd' Mtry. Mtry and I are neighbours. We're also good friends. I'm tbirty-tbree yeus old and Mary is twenty-seven. We're from Edinburgh, Scotlmd. We're fond of sports. My favourite sport is football, Mury't favourite sport is basketball Cdetailme nodo6uozo poda coo6t4euus o ce6e u ceoen dpyze.
4. Paul Evans is a Maths teacher. He's thirly-nine. He's at school now. His ad&ess is 34 King Street, Bristol. His wife, Penny, is at work in her office' She's a bank manager. Her phone number at wqrk is 830 9771. They have two children, Mark and Jane. Mark is ten and Jane is seve'n- They're at school.
cdenailme nodo6uoeo poda coo6uleHw o ceottx dpyztw utru podcmeenuuKCIX.
and 5. This is Henry. He's twenty-five years old and he's a gardener. f[s'5 tall is Martha She's plump with short fair hair Jessica- She is a thirry years old and she's lovely little child. She is six.
6. Jimmy Moss is twelve years old'and he is a shy boy. His fafher, Donald Moss, is a hard-working pilot. Jimmy's mother, Shirley; is a uriter anil she is
very clever. Jimmy has one sister and one brother. His sister, Jill, is kind- His brother, Peter, is friendly but he is also lazy. 2 3aK. 2510
33
7. Fred McQueen is tall and handsome. He isn't fat, and he isn't-thin, Ho's
veryrich. Fred's car is'new and beautiful. His house is large and expensive. His noighbours are rich and quiet. Fred isn't married.
2.
B: Fine, thanks. And You? A: Fine. Lucy, this is Keiko. She's a new student. She'sfrom Japan' B: It's nice to meet You, Keiko' C: Nice to meet You, too.
25. Hanuuume u poccKoucame I Kflacce o ce6e u csoeil cewbe. ,(ailme xapaKmepucmary wteuert csoefr cewba u onuraume ux o+eutHocmb. 26. Cocmueome dualozu u nodecedyilme c napmflepoJtt o oawux ceJwbfl)c
3. A: Excuse me. Are You Rita Wilson?
27. Ilpouumafime a cocnpouzeedume uedynt4ue duatozu. Cocmaeame
B: Yes, I am' A: Hi. I'm your new neighbour, Tonn Tony Broum' B: Oh, hello, TonY. Nice to meetYou. A: Nice to meet You, too.
nodgduue .duaaozu, ucnorb3ys paszosopHbre tfiopuynu, Bhrpaxtcapr4ue np aeemcmeue
l.
B: I'm Mary Smith. A: Nice to meet You' A: Hi, Lucy. How are You?
u npo r4afuue.
A: Goodmonring, George. B: Goodmorning, Mary. A: How arg you?
4. A: Hello, Patriclg this is LucY.
B: Fine, thanks.
She's my friend from America.
i
A: Hello, Mrs Ford. How
B: Pleased to meet You, LucY.
I
are you?
d
B: Pretty good, thanls. How about you, John? A: Notbad, thanl6.
5.
t
i
A: Good afternoon, Ann. How's everything?
C: Pleased to meet You, too.
He is Russian.
!
B: OK, thanks. How are you today, Tom?
B: Hello, Nick!
A:
A: Nick is a student from Moscow University. B: Pleased to meet You. C: I'm glad to meet You, too.
Just fine, thanks.
4. A: Hi, Dave. How are you? B: Not bad, thanks. And you? A: Verywell. Howare the children?
6.
B: They're fine.
A: Goodbye. See you tomorrow. B: Seeyou. Take it easy.
See
u
eocnpouzeedame duaJroz nododnue duatozu u pazuepailme ux I Knscce. 29. Ilpouumailme
A: Goodbye. B: Bye-bye.
A: Hello, Mr smith. This is Jane Hall. She is a student of Russian. B: How do you do? C: How do you do?
A: Jane is from Glasgow, B: Glad to meet You. C: I'm glad to meet You, too.
A: Bye! See you later. B: Yeah, bye ! 7.
A: Hi, meetmy friendNick.
you on Wednesday.
B: Thanks. You, too.
u
eocnpouzaedume cnedyrut4ue dualozu, npedcmaeame ce6n u ceoltx zuaKoJltbrx.
1. A: Hello! Myname's
John Morgan.
Cocmaeume
At a ParU
A: Goodbye. Have a nice evening.
28. ffpouumailme
'At a Pafi"
a
3amerl
2.
A: Nice partY, isn't it? B: Yes, it's gteat. A: I'm Alison, by the way. What's your name? B: I'm Steve, Steve Blair. Nice to meet you'
B: Hi! I'm Mary Smith. 34
35
-
A: Nice to meet you, too. Where are you from? B: I'm from Scotland. A: Where exactly? B: Glasgow. What about you? A: I'm fromBirmingham. What's your job? B: I'm a doctor. And you?
I
A: I'm
$
t {
Grammar: Have (got) Heonpege.nenHbre MecrouMeHnq some, anyrno.
i
a student.
B: Really? How old are you?
!
A: I'm twenty-five. And you? B: Well, I'm thirty-frve. A: Thirty-five! Are you really?
i^
"{
Have (got) lllustrative Situations
ii
.
B: Yeah! 30. Ilepecedume Ha ananuilcxuil tzrtx cnedynr4ue duqloza.
l.
- ,{o6pu[ 4eHr. - 34paacrnyilre,
-.f,,{xou. A sro Anna. Mrr ng JIoH4ona. A rro nu? - Mrr Oler r.r Karr. Mrr Hs MnHcra.
d xll
I l
{l ,,
I
Mu crygenrrr.
;
S,yturett.
2. - 3gpancroyir,Huna. - 34parcrnyfi, BHxrop. Kax noxnnaerur? - Heruroxo. A xax y re6r Aena? - Xopouo. Kax noxusaer rnox cecrpa? - Botocr, qro He orleHb xopomo.
lo
-,(o
cnngauua.
l1
i
t
Short answers
What have they got? -They've got roller skates. What colour eyes has Eric got? -He's got dark brown eyes. What sort of hair has he got? -He's got light brown straight hair. Who has got a watch? - I have. Or - questions Have you got a cat or a dog? - I've got a cat.
1l
Tag questions 1l
You've got a brother, haven't you? - Yes, I have. A'{o, I haven't. You haven't got a sister, have you? - No, I haven't. /Yes, I have.
$ .
36
a yacht.
They've got a computer. They haven't got a video camera. He's got a motorbike. He hasn't got a car. She's got blonde hair. A bird has got a beak, a tail and wings. She has got a headache. You've got flu.
l{h - questions
Ona ceft.rac 6oneer.
cnnaatut.
a brother.
We've got a big house. We haven't got
Have you got a calculator? - Yes, I have. lNo, I haven't. Has he got a dog? - Yes, he has. A'{o, he hasn't. Has she got long hair? - No, she hasn't. She's got short hair.
- O.reur nplttrHo rIo3HaKoMI,ITbct.
- Cuacu6o. Ilepegafi npr.rBer csoeft Marde. - O6.qgareJrrHo.
Statements and Negatives
Yes/Irlo questions
A Anna roxe cryAeHrKa.
-.fl coxanero o6 srou. flepeaafi efi or uem npuBer.
We use the verb have (got) a) to express possession: I've got a cat. She's got a red bicycle. b) to describe people, animals or things: She's got green eyes. c) wittr the following expressions: I've got a headache, I've got (a) toothache, ['ve got a cough, I've got a cold, I've got a problem.
I've got a sister. I haven't got ,l
A rro sH uo npor[eccnr,r? -
MogaluHu[ r.naro.r ccr
(ability, possibility)
I
37
..
' Maryhas got some money.
Some, Any, No
3.3sdailme o6t4ue sonpocbt u dailme na nax rtpumnae omsembl e.g. Simon/sports car? No, _. Has Simon got a sports car? No, he hasn't.
,
Fred has no money. -- Fred hasn't got any money. Have you got any spgar? - yes, I have (some).
some *rigo we haven't got anylemong we bave no appres either. Has your brother got any Spanish books? - No, he hasn't (*V).
l. RacheVlaptop computer? Yes, . 2t theylbighouse? No, _. 3. your flat/garden? No, _- 4. Kelly/washing machine? Yes, _. 5. Spain/king? Yes, _. 6. Simon and Helen/children? No, _ . 7.they/wide-screen TV? No,_ .8. your towr/airport? Yes, _i 9. Simon/any brothers or sisters? No, _. 10. Anna and Tom/parrot? No, .' I l. you/pet? Yes, _ .
wg've got
Solidarity I have some coffee. - So have I. So lhs Nick.
I've got a mobile phone. -
4. Cdetailmb coodt4eaut o ce6e unu o dpyeux xu4ux e coomcemcmcuu c modettro.
We haven't got any children. - Neither have we. She hasn't got any relatives in London. - Neither has Mary.
I
Surprise
e.g. I've got a cooker but I haven't got a microwave. My sister's got a washing machine but she bdsn't got a dishwasher.
I
j
I haven't got a oalgulator. - Haven't you? She's got a yacht. - Has she?
Prompts: a CD player, a DVD player, an answering machine, a telephone, an arrnchair, a sofa , a dining table, a cupboard, a mobile phone, a computer, a fridge, a microwave, a TV, a video camera, a stereo
I
I
Practice
I. Cocmactme Qopmu.
npedaoarcenus
c
havelhas
l. Emily
got lfcnonwyilme
,qramKue
I
e.g. Jenny/apartuent in the city Jenny's got an apartuent in the city.
l.
They/swirnming pool 2. vtwo brothers.3. John/lvlp3 player 4. we/new sofa 5. Yo'/phone message 6. vthre€ children z. She/boytriend in New york 8. wd big house 9. Hd expensive car 10. They/ t€nt I l. you/ good watch 12. My sister/brown eyes 13. My grandmother/grey hair 14. v headache 15. Tom/ cold 16. our tovm/theatre 17. our flat/ balcony lg. Their carlcD player l9.London/ five airporb 20. His girlfriendlgood job 2.
ffocmactmc cn€dyroque npedtoerceuun s ompuqomenwyn eopny. e.g. Ilve got a car. I haven't got a car.
l. we've got a big kitchen. 2. He's got a DVD player. 3. you've got the answers. 4. They've got a microwave. 5, He's got a credit card. 6. Maria's got a dictionary. 7.I've got a computer. 8. She 's got a stereo. 38
5. Cocmaetme uuxpoduaaozu s coomcemcmeuu c modanon. ,C
car
r' bicycle
A: Has Emily got a car? B: No, Emily hasn't got a car. She has got 2. Carl 3. Samantha
4.
Jane and
5. Joe 6. You
T.Lrtcy 6.
r r
beard
r *
wrinkles long hair
blue eyes
Tim j( stereo
r
gpewriter
a
bicycle.
/ moustache / brown eyes /TV / freckles / short hair / computer
3anonnume nponycKu MecmourteHuflJwa someralny
aru no.
l. I haven't got ... pets. 2. T\eyhave ... children. 3. Have you got ... fresh I've got... butterbutlhaven'tgot... milk.5. He'p got... money. 6.'Have you got ... monel4' 'No, I haven't got... money.' 'l .I've got... lemonadp. $.'Have we got ... potatoes?''Yes, we have .., .' Tlave we got ... apples?' 'No, we haven't got ... .' 9. I've got .., flourthut I haven't got ... sugar. 10. 'Have you got ... casseftes?' 'Yes, I have ... .' 11. Don"t buy ... eggs? 4.
butter. We have ... in the fridge. 12. They have ... French books. 13. I've got ...
neunpAers in myb,riefcape. 14. We have .. . cheese. Please go and buy
..
.
.
39
7 Omeemome Ha conpoctt cgourt nopm$epoJn.
u oflmeatilmeco nodoflntwu
perurunsJltu co
l. Have you got any problems? 2.Have you got a job? 3. Have you got a hobby? 4. Have you got any friends? 5. Have you got a video camera? 6. Have you got a mobile phone?
7
. Have you got any time? 8. Have you got
any money about you? 9. Have you got any CDs? l'0. Have you got any matches? ll. Have you got acar? 12. Have you got a good flat? 13. Have you got any questions to me? 8. Sadoilme sonpocbt scex mano6 x cnedynr4un npednocrcenuntw.
l. John has got a guitar. 2. Dick has got a red bicycle. 3. They have got a big house. 4. Lucy has got long fair hair. 5. She has some relatives in Moscow. 6. He has got some T-shirts. 9. Botpazume coludapnocmb co cKo3auHbrJu.
e.g. A: I have some English books. (I) B: So have I.
A: I haven't got a hobby. (Mary) B: Neither has Mary.
l. Dick has a CD player.
2. Mr Austin is a businessman. He is 45 years old. He is American. He is tall and slim with short dark hair and brown eyes. He is married and has got two children. Mr Austin is very rich. He has got a beauti.firl house in the counbry. It has got a big garden and a swimming pool. Mr Austin has got an expensive fast car. Mr Austin is fond of sports. Hecan ski very well. 1
2. flepeoedume Ha anutuilc xu il .sttrx cnedy ru uque npednorcenun.
I . V sac ecrr pa6ora? - \a, y Meru xoporuar pa6ora. 2. Y vess Her p) {Kr.r. 3. Y ,{xoHa rpoe gerefi. 4. 9ro y Hero n pyxe? 5. Y nux 6omruar xnaprnpa? 6. Y re6q ecrb roHKr,re rerpagn? - Her. 7. Y sac Her MyKrr. - Ha cauou Aele? 8. Y Hrrx Her asrolro6unr. 9. Y sero ecrb HecKoJrbro anuuftcx[x cJronapeir. 10. Y re6s ecrb Kpacrrbrft xapangaur? -,{a. Bor on. ll. Y nac ner co6aru. - Y Hac roxe. 12. Y nrx ecrr KoMrrbrorep. - Y nac roxe. 13. Y see cBerJrbre BoJrocbr, rorry6ue ruta3a v np.rrrrofi Hoc. 14. Y nac crrH rirr,r Ao'rr? 15. Karoro rlBera y Hero BoJlocbl? 16.y Koro ecrb ruo6rurrxrrfi rele$on? V Bnrropa. 17. Y Bonrosa 6orsuar celm.r? - Her. Y nero ne o.reHr 6orurlraq ceMb,fl. Y uero xeHa H gnoe gerefi. 18. Y sac ecru $oroannapar? - \a. Y Nlenq xopouruii r[oroauuapar. 19. y Hero Her ceMblr. - Ha calrona 4ene? 20. Ecrr ru asrnnficrue xypHalbr s naurefi 6u6-nuorere? - Her.2l. V nac ecrb Bonpocbr? - Her. 22. B r,atruetv' ropoAe ecrr xnuorearp?
(Mike) 2. Iane has a pet. (Mary) 3. I haven t got a (I) a. We have two children. (we) 5. Tom hasn't got a guitar. (I) has got a boat. (Tom) 7. Helen hasn't got a car. (Lucg 8. I haven't got
Gan (ability, possibility)
computer. 6. Ron
any tea. (I) 9. We have a good garden. (we)
IA
Botpazume uumepec u,tu ydueneuue no noeody cKassuHo?o. e.g. A: They have six children. B: Have they?
A:
She hasn't got a telephone.
B: Hasn't
she?
l. He has a villa in Italy. 2. She has no friends. 3. I have no mobile phone. 4. She has five dogs. 5. He hasn't got a family. 6. We haven't got any apples. 11.
3odailme aonpocbt K meKcmo.M a nepecKnrcume ux.
l. Gloria Gusto is an actress. She is from
London. She's got a flat in London and a house in Hollywood, with a swimming pool. She's got a new Mercedes and a lot of money in the bank. She's got a husband and three wonderful children in Hollywood. She is young and beautiful. She's got fair hair and blue eyes. In fact, she's got everything
40
ll
lustrative Situations
Statements
I can swim. Jane can play the guitar. John and Tim can play basketball.
Negatives
I cannot swim. (Informal writing and speech) I can't lift this table. Sorry, I can't come to your party on Friday. Jack can't dance. Yes/I{o questions + Short on$lt)ers Can you see it? - Yes, I can. A.{o, I can't. Can your husband drive? - Yes, he can. A.{o, he can't.
41
2. Ilocnompume Ha ma6nut4y, s samew 3snonuume nponlcKu, ))nompedue can unu cantt
llh - questions What can ycu do? What games can you PlaY? Where can we have dinner? When can you visit me? Who can help me? Which of you can paint? Or - question Can you see a helicoPter or not? Tag questions
l. )
You can cook a pizza, cat'tyou? - Yes, I can. / No, I can't You can't speak German, can you? -No, I cal't. lYes, I can'
J.
Jane can drive . - So can Helen. a
.play cricket.
Eqe paz nocMompume aa madnutqy. 3adaiime dpyz dpyzy Bonpocb,
bicycle. - Neither can Dick.
I
co-
omsemcmauu c odpaz4ou.
Surprise
SA: Can Ben play cricket?
Jack can fly a plane. - Can he (really)? I can't dance. - Can't You?
SB: Yes, he can. SA: Can Daniel play cricket? SB: No, he can't.
Practice
3.
1. 3adailme sonpocbt a duilme Ha HuX KpamKue om^emil, ucno'tatyn dan-
Cocmaetme npednotceaan us zadanHbtx cJtoc, acnonb3lt can unu cantt. e.g. An artist/paint pictures. An artist can paint pictures.
HUe Cnoga.
e.g. you/PlaY tennis? (Yes) A: Can You PlaY tennis? B: Yes, I can.
l. A monkey/climb trees; 2. A leopard/run fast; 3. A dog/taft 4. A fish/ walk; 5. An elephantlfly;6. A baker/make bread;'7. A typistltype letters; 8. A whale/read
Hans/sPeak French? (No) A: Can Hans sPeak French? B: No, he can't.
4. Omeemtme Ha sonpocbt o ce6e. sh and Por-
You/swrm?
42
..
4. Ben, Daniel and Kate ... speak English. 5. Ben and Daniel ...eook, but they ... use computers.
Solidarity Tom can't ride
Kate ... play cricket, but she ... swim. Daniel . . . sing very well and he . ..use computers but he Ben ...cook but he ... play cricket.
Can you swim? 2. Canyou dance? 3. Can you roller-skate? 4. Caiyou fly plane? 5. Can you ride a bicycle? 6. Can you play the violin? 7. Can you a speak Spanish? 8. Can you ride a horse? 9. You can speak Japanese, can't you? l0.You can't ski, can you?
l.
43
5. Sanpocume donsaaumenbHlp untpopua4un' ucnonwin cnequurbwile BonPocbt.
Helen:
e.g. A: I can't play cricket. (What games?) B: What games can you play?
l. We canlt.havedinnerhere. (Where?)2.He can'thelp
me. (Why?) 3. Betty
I
I can't
omsem Hs cKasswwoe.
e.g. A: I can't swim. B: Can't you?
2. I can't dance. 3. I can't cook. 4. 5. I can't ride a bicycle, 6. I can dive well.
I
can do card tricks.
Bupazume caludapnocmh co cK&ssHltbrM.
A
I can roller-skate. (I)
B:
So can I.
A: I can't
use a comPuter.
o Batuax
Helen:
Alice:
No, I can't, but Maria can.
Helen:
Can you play tennis? I can't, but Jane can. Look, they are playrng now. Perhaps, they can
Alice:
teach us.
1. Moq cecrpa He )rMeer Kararbcr Ha KoHbKirx. 2. Tsr wrAr,rrur ro gAaHUe? 3. f4e ryr MoxHo KynATb rute6? 4..f, ue uory nepeBecr[ 3To npeAJroxeHlre. 5. Onn He Moryr upnftru ceroAlur. 6. Osa yMeer roBoprrrl rro-ncflaHcKr,r, a
l. I can play poker.
e.g.
nqpmfiepo.Dt
10. flepeeedume cnedynr4ue npedtoerceuufl Ho aaznuficxuil xsttx.
A: Mike can swim well. B: Canhe?
7.
u nozosopame co ccouw
Can you swim? Yes, I can, but I can't dive. Can you ski?
Alice:
can't speak French. (Who?) 4. Tom can't draw. (Which of you?) 5. visit Peter tonight. (When?) 6. Bupasume uflmepec wtu yducaenue
9. flpouamailme duanoz yileHa.flx u HoghtKtrx
(I)
B: Neither can I.
oH no-rnftrJrbrHcKr4. 7. Ona BeAb roBopr{r uo-Qpaurry:crn, 4a? 8. Oua He yMeer nnaBarr. - Her, yMeer. 9. Pagse oH He yMeer Ka-rarbc.f, ua nrrxax? 10. Heyxenu oHa He Moxer re6e noMo.ru? ll. fl, vory re6.n ncrperurr. 12. -[ urpan Ha cKpr{rrKe. - .f roxe. 13. .f ne yr\lero pncoBarr. - -fl roxe. 14. Tu Moxerub MHe fioMoqb uru Her? 15. Kro Moxer orBer]rrb Ha 3Tor nonpoc? 16. A ue Mory oro cAeJrarb ceft,rac. 17. Mos AoqE rre yMeer roroBuru. - HeyNenu? 18. -fl ue Mory rrr,rrb xoJroAHoe MoJroK.o. 19. Trr Mo)Keurb 6rrcrpo 6erarr? 20. Osa Moxer nepeBecrlr sro nucrllo? 21. Brr yM€ere BoAurb M:Lrurany? - Her, ue yMero.
l. Mary can qpe well. (Susan) 2. Tim can ride a horse. (his.wife) 3' I can see a bird there. (I) 4. I can't come to the party. (I) 5' I can't answer this question' (I) 6. Billy can't read yet. (Johnny) 7. He can run fast. (Roger) 8- I can't play the violin. 8.
(I)
ffpouumtilme mexcm u cdensilme nododuozo poda coo6t4enu.fl o csoux
JJVeHAnX A HAsbrKgX
Sarah: Well, there are a lot of things I can't do! I can't draw and I can't drive a car. I can't play any musical instruments, not the piano, the guitar, or any-, thing.
I can .-. I can type and I can use a word processor. What about sports? Mm. Well, I certainly can't ski, but I'm quite good at tennis, yes, I can play tennis' And I can swim, of course. And I can cook. I think I'm a very good, well, no, just good ... a good cook! Now, then ... languages' I can speak French and German.
44
45
.l
I
Call her.
!
Tell us.
I
Grammar: floser Hrefl rHoe HaKJroHeH tle. O6rercrHur [ lraAerr JrHq Hblx MecrouMeHHfi . [pe,qloru
Ha
l
rlpaBneHHq
lllustrative Situations We use the imperative to a) give ordets, e.g. Stop that noise!
b) give instructions, e.g. Cut the paper in two pieces.
See them.
"i
( t I
i { .i
{
c) offer something, e.g. Have some cake.
Stand up!
Sit down! Come in! Don't read the letter, please. Don't be a bad boy. Don't do it again. Don't fall offthe ladder. Askhim to help me. Teach them to make a plan. Tell her to do it. Let's read the map. - Yes, let's. Let's go for a walk.
Let's buy this CD. Let Let Let Let Let Let
d) make a request. We usually add the word please at the beginning or at the end ofthe sentenc€. e.g. Be quiet, please. or Please, be quiet.
We use let's * verb to make suggestions. e.g. kt's help her.
me help you.
me see. him stay out. her do it. them come.
Ann use your computer.
Here are some more examples:
Practice
Take the map. Please do it again. Give Ann the pen. Give the pen to Ann. Send Tom the tickets. Send the tickets to Tom. Please, lend me five dollars. Mend the tent, please.
Take the book from the table and give it to me. Take the newspaper offthe desk and put it in/to your briefcase. Take your exercise book out of the bag and put it on the table in front of me. Go out of the room.
Meet Jane. Please meet me.
Help him. Send it.
46
1. TpancQopnupyilme cnedynr4ue npednouceuut
I
coomsemcmeau c o6-
p03qoM. {
e.g. Give me that cup. Give that cup to me.
1. Send me my books. 2. Give him the ball. 3. Take Jane these flowers. 4. Show her your new dress. 5. Please bring us your cassettes. 6. Show them your garden. 7. Send Ted this telegram. 8. Please lend rrie your pen. 9. Pass me the salt, please. 10. Take her these newspapers. e.g. Show that dictionary to him. Show him that dictionary.
l. Give that pen to her, 2. Bring that book to me. 3. Take this parcel to Mary. 4. Send that letter to Peter. 5. Show your new car to them. 6. Pass the bread to her. 7. Give these toys to the children. 8. Lend some money to him. 47
2.3anonnume nponycna
6. Ilncqenupyilme duottoz, KaK noKs3auo o o6pat4e. Ilcnonozyilme ciloaat dunaile e cxodxax-
me, him, her, us, them.
l. Give Tim this shirt. Give ... this one, too. 2. Give the children these rce creanr. Give ... these ones, too.3. Give Jane this watch. Give ... this one, too. 4. That is my passport. Gila ... my passport, please. 5. That is our computer. Give ... our computer back.
T: Nell! N: Yes, Ted?
3. Ilocmaeame cnedynt4ue npednotcenu.fl e ompu,lsmanbHyn
N: Test 7? T: Yes, seven, please.
Qopuy,
npu ?moJ,t cnoos, ootdetenuue ,gpcusoM, ilecmourteuunwu ofttexmnon nadetce.
SgJnelras
T: Let me see test 7.
I
(lesson 10; exercise 2; your test) 7. Ilucqenupyfime duoaoz, so.ilteHnn eudeteantite cnoea cJrossJtlu, uu e cxodxax
e.g. Give John the ball! Don't give him the ball.
N: Ben!
l. Look atSusanl
B: Yes, Nell? N: Please mend Eve's tent. B: Mend Eve's tent? Let Ted mend Eve's tent!
2.Eat the ice creaml
3.TellAlice the news! 4. Look at the catl 5. Listen to Anna and Markl 6. Open the windowl 7 . I-ook at the childrent 8. Make a sandwich for Samt 9.Put the cups on the table! l0.Meet Kate and me at the station! 1 l. Send the letter to Maxt
(test Steve's TV set; lend Eve the bicycle) 8. Ifepeeelume Ha ananuficxuil ncoui
1. floxarryftcra, o4olxl{T€ MHe ABa Aonnapa. 2. 3narourrecr - AHna. 3. flosn.{aftrecr c 3uuofi Aeu. 4. floxaryftcra, IpIIITJII{ MHe Mofi oqKI4. 5. Iloxarryftcra, cKa)KIme Teay.6. Iloxarryficra, Bcrperbre uens.'J. BosrMH
A.
Mou orrxrr y Jlernr n [pLrHecI{ ID( MHe. 8. Y6epn KHnflt co crora r'l noJloxu ID( Ha flonKy. 9. Iloxarryficra, nufigute I{3 KoMHarEI. 10. floxarryficra, He rreqa-
rafire ero. 11. He eltrb 3To nllpoxHoe. ll. He norynaft gTor KoM[LIorep. 12. He nocrtrai efi ero ilucbMo. 13. He roBopl{ erray o6 erorra. 14' He oarprtsail oxno. 15. He orAasafi e[ ceou KoHc[eKrbI. 16. Ilonpoclt l'rx noMot{b re6e. 17. Craxn Har,I rsofr ceKper. 18. Haytn ee Kararbct Ha BenocllneAe'
4. 3anotnume nponycKu npedtozauu. Please go ... the door and close.it. 2. Please take your pen ... the table and put it ... your bag, Jane. Now please take it ... ... your bag and put it ... book. 3. Please take the vase ... Helen and put it ... the table. 4. Don't fall ... the ladder. 5. Send that dictionary ... George. 6. Read it ... Peter. 7 . Com6, ... ,
l.
5. Ilncqeuupyilme dualoz, KaK noKu3auo e o6pas4e. Ilcnonrcyilme cnoaa, e
cxo6xax.
{,
I
T: Steve! S: Yes?
T: Let's see Nell. S: See Nell? Yes, let's. (see Ben's tests; mend Nell's tenq meet Eve; send Ted the cassettes)
48
l.
Helln. - !a,
aanailt.2. lanafi cxoAI'IM lra nporynKy. 4. 3. \aaali noroBopl,lM c TeAou. \asafi riosnoHlr{ Anue. 5. \anafi oAonxI'IM eMy lieMuoro AeHer.
E.
please.
dunnile
dannu'
1
,(arafi
Bc'rperI,IM
B. l. ,(aftre MHe nocMorperb ypoK ceur. 2.,{aaafire .fl [oBI'IAaIocb c J}ocn fpefi. 3. ,(anafire r Bcrpeqy Hennn. 4. \aine rlo4/Marb. F.
l. Ilycrr Teg nponepur
rr,tuofi.
3. flycrr
reJIeBLI3op
3uurr. 2. llycrs Ben nosuAaerct co
Hrar no3BoHtIT Tolvry. 4.
flycrr
Pou rroqrrHllr BenocilfleA
HnHur.
49
9. Ifpouumailme daatozu u uucqe*upyilme
ux
Cocmaeome nodofinarc
duatozu.
l. Mark Hi, Kevin. Kevin: Oh, hello, Mark. Mark Irt's go to the youth club. Kevin: Sorry, I'mbusy. Mark Oh well, see you. Kevin: See you, Mark. 2. Kevin: Barbara! Barbara:
Kevin:
Oh hello, Kevin! Let's go to the snack bar.
Grammar: Numerals
Topic: Calendar. Time
Calendar Exptanations
tilriting British English: 2/I I/02
2(nd)
November
Barbara: Yes, good idea!
Kevin: 3.
OK, let's go.
US:
lI/2/02
Nwember
2(nd)
2ndNw Nov
2nd
2002
The Wilkins family move into their new flat.
Mr
Wilkins:
Mrs
Wilkins:
Right, let's take some things inside now. OK. Now let me see ... yoS, put the fridge in the kitchen, please.
Denis: Mrs
Where
Wilkins:
Denis: Kevin:
Mrs
Wilkins:
Kevin:
'
Hazel:
Kevin: Hazel:
exactl/
.'
Speaking BritishEnelish: the second of November, US: November second
wi-ting
What about the cupboard, Mum?
r999
Put it in tlre kirchen too. Under the windoW, next to the sink
2001
OK, Mum... Cor!
Days
It'sveryheavy!
1999
November the second, 1999
Years
Er ... between the sink and the door. All right. Come on, Dad! Give me a hand.
What's the matter?
Monday 2nd Novernber, 2002 Monday Nwember 2nd
.
Let me help you, then.
.
Speaking nineteen ninety-nine two thousand and one
Days of the week Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday. I'll see you on Monday. Other times
Future: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, nextweek, next Monday Past: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last Monday Months January, February, Marck, April, ber, November, December
.
Mry
June, July, August, September, Octo-
Short forrrs
Jan Feb Mar Apr Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec (May, June, July do not have short forms,) I'll be back in March. 50
51
'
2.00 9.20 6.50 7.30
Other times Fufure: next month Past: last month
It is two o'clock. It is trventy minutes past nine.
spring, summer, autumn, winter
It is ten minutes to seven. It is half past seven. 12.15 It is (a) quarter past twelve. 12.45 It is (a) quarter to one.
It's lovely here in spring. I'm going to Spain in the summer.
Digital system
Seasons
LI0 one ten 3.25 three twenty-five
. Other times Future: next summer, etc. Past: last winter; etc.
5.40
2.15 twofifteen 4.30
Time
Practice
Explanations
L flpouumailme
Parts of the day
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night, at midday (noon), at midnight
am and,pm midnight to midday midday to midnight
:
am 1.00 am
: pm 4.45 pm
four thirty
6.45 sixforty-five
five forty
midnight: 12.00 am middaY: 12'00 Pm
Telling the time
no-a narufrcxu,ruatumenbtbte.
45; 82; 36; 7 8; 25; 13; 19; ll2; 287 ; 492; 1116; 2321; 8 I I 8; 6 154; 9 07 4; 54 274;999 983; 100 023; 7 350; 596 376;45 791;35 616 234;7 506 017; 5 200 875 2, IIp
ou
um
ailme
n o -a nan u
ilc xa
o 6 oc u
aqe n u8 sp e.Dte Hu.
2.30; 10.35; 6.15", 12.20;2.15;3.45; 11.55; 10.05; 5.20;8.20; 12.28: 1.30; 12.50; ll.l2;9.55; 6.23;7 .15;8.45; 5.25;3.30; 10.45;7 .12
3. flpotumailme damot
otclock
t2l 08 I 1287 ;
five past
ten past
422; 2008
24 I 06 I I
20 / 03 / 2004 ; 0 6 /
I
II
30 / 07 / | 48 5
;
08 I 04 / 17 23
;
25 I 0 I I
t9
85
;
3 | / t2
/
2000 ;
4. Hazoeume duu nedetu.
5. Hanaume uecnqot' zoda.
a quart€r to
a
quarter past
6. Hazoeume epeuena zoda. 7.
twenty to twenty-five to What's the time? l{hat time is it? 52
twenty past twenty-five past
l.
flpouumafime caedynr4ue luanozu u cocmarbme nodofinore dusJrozu. - What day is it today! - Today is Monday. (It is Monday today.) - What day was it yesterday? - Yesterday was Sunday. (It was Sunday yesterday.) - What day is it tomorrow? - Tomorrow is Tuesday. (It is Tuesday tomorrow.) - What date is it today? (What's the date today?)
53
- Today is the eighth of October. (It is the eighth of October today.) - What date was it yesterda/ (What was the date yesterday?) - Yesterday was the sEventh of October. (It was the seventh of Octobcr yesterday.) - What date is it tomorrow? (What is the date tomorrow?)
- Tomorrow is the ninth of October. (It is the ninth of October tomorrow.)
Grammar: Present Simple: statements and negatives. Adverbs qucncy. Prepositions of time
2. - What time is it by your watch?
(What is the time by your watch?) - It is twenty minutes to eleven. - By my watch it is half past ten. - The right time is twenty-five minutes to eleven. So my watch is five minutes fast and your watch is five minutes slow.
3; - What's the right time? - 10.37. - It's 10.44 by my watch. My watch is 7 minutes fast. 8. Ifepeeedume Hu anatuilcxufi
l.
ttun
- 10.45; 11.30; 12.15; 8.20; 5.40; 11.30; 6.50; 12.45; 6.20; ; 9.25; 7.15; 10.10; 9.10; I 1.27 ; 2.32 2. Cxolrro BpeMeHr{ no rBonM qacau? - 10.50. - MoH ,{acrI orcrtuor Ha AecflTb Mur{yr. - A uou qacbr cueular Ha ruecrb MI,IrryT. 3. Kaxoe ceroArur.rucno? . Cero.uru cpe4a, 16 MapTa. (Ceroaur vernepr,30 ruoHq. CeroAHfl BropHLIX, 26 rleapam. CeroAsr nqrHnua, 13 alpena.) Koropnfi qac?
of fre-
lllustrative Situations Statements
I live in Moscow. We drink a lot of tea. They study medicine. You like playrng with your computer. She teaches history. He worls in a shop. I want to help you. She likes to get up early.
8.3'7
Jane Smith works as a secretary. She starts work at eight o'clock every day. She types Mr Morgan's lefters.
Adverbs offrequency
I usually have lunch at the office. butl'musually at the offrce at 10.00. He often buys her flowers. butHe is often late. She sometimes walks to school. They rarely/seldom watch television these days. Ben occasionally calls me. They never drink coffee. Negatives
I don't wear gloves. We don't go to school. They don't come on Mondays. You don't walk fast. She doesn't have lunch at home. It's a nice house, but it doesn't have a garage. Wc don't always travel by train. Suc and Jill don't usually wear jeans.
54
55
3. Study and practise the
They don't often go to the cinema. Tim doesn't want to do bis homework. He doesn't like to get up early.
I live in the south of France. I'm very active. My week is very busy. On Mondays, I swim in the sea or in the sv/imming pool. On Tuesdays, I go to the gym and then I go to a dance class. On Wednesdays, I ride my bicycle in the mountains but on Thursdays, I stay at home and relax. On Fridays, I play tennis or football with friends. At the weekend, I usually go skiing. My name's Ivan.
Practice 1. Study and practise the
following text
following terts.
like thisi'
l. Mr and Mrs Forrester have a son and a daughter. The son lives at home, and the daughter is a student. at university. Mr Forester is a journalist. He works for the Times. He writes articles about restaurants. 'I love food!'he
Speak about lvan. Begin
says.
Hans Huser is a ski-instnrctor. He is Swiss and lives in Villars, a village in the mountains. In summer he works in a sports shop and in winter he teachos skiing. He speaks four languages, French, Gennan, Italian, and English. He is married and has two sons. He plays football with them in his free time.
2. Every day I sit in the park. I read the newspaper (:the press), I play cards, I eat my lunch, and I listen to the radio. I'm not a busy person. My friend Harry lives around the corner from my house. Every day Harry cleans his aparhnent, he plays the piano, he reads books, he does exercises, an{ he cooks, My friend Harry is a very busy person. 3. Gavin Hunter is 32 years old. He is a famrer and lives in Somerset with his wife and two children. Every morning he gets up at 6.00 and makes tea for his wife, Helen, and prepares a bottle of milk for his baby daughter, Kate. At about 6.30 he milks the cows and after brealdast he works on the farm. Gavin has his main meal of the day at lunchtime. In the evening Gavin and Helen usually watch television. They go to bed at about 10.30. Last thing at night Gavin listens to the weather forecast on the radio.
His name is Ivan. He lives ...
.
4. Read about Hans Huser.
Speak about Georges Teste, Keiko Wilson, and Mark King.
GeorgesTeste
country Town
l-abxidriver
-----l
l-F-* l--l--l Paris
uuort l-in t ecente6iFffi--l Marid? l-ilt--l-:-----l Famiry Fdat]j----l
Place of
Free time
walking
his dog and
foohall
2. Change the sentences, as in the example
,
e.g. They live in a large flat. Tom Tom lives in a large flat.
...
.
l. I frnish work at 7.00. He ... .2.My sons go to a music school. His daught€r... .3. I teach Spanish. Alex... .4. Theydo such jobs atthe office. My assistant ... . 5. They call us sometimes. She ... . 6. You know him. Jane ... . 7. I love music. Ann ... 8. I like skiing. Jim ... - 9. I watch TV in the evening. He ... . 10. Theyread a lot. Tom... . ll. We speakGerman. Nick ,.. .12.I help her with maths. He ... . 13. I come hclme late. My father ... . l4.I wear old clothes at home. She ... . 15. I see Robert every day. Kate ... . 16. They close the shop at 7.00. He ... . 17 .I study Italian. Mary ... . 56
Keiko Wilson
an
country l-Japan -------l Town h{"w-%* ----l Place ol work Languages
Family
atfie United Japanese, English, and Russian
manied to an American, two sons
Free time
skiing
57
Malr
Kins
FFumaiist
fdffiBBc-]
country l-Ensmd Town Place ofwork Languages
9. Say what you always/usuallyhometimes/often /rorely/never/ occasionally
Moscow ln an
She usually has dinner with her family ... the evening, then she plays computer games. She always goes to bed late ... Saturday night. do during the weekend.
-l
English, Russian, and
10. Study and practise the following
tex$
John Dobson: I'm a student at a school in Cambridge and I'm sixteen years I don't live in Cambridge but in a town just outside. I go to school by bus. I like listening to music and playing tennis. At weekends I go out with my friends. Sometimes we go to the cinema and sometimes we just go for a walk. I speak English and French, but I don't speak German. My favourite subjects at school are Computer Studies and Maths, but I don't like History. L.
Family l-ma;Alhre-e daughiers I Free time
tennis
5. ll/rite about a friend, or your mother or father. Example
Myfriend Anna is q student. 6. Study and practise the
She lives
in
...
text
l. Angela Davis is a teacher. She always gets up at 7 o'clock in the morning on weekdays. She always has a shower and she usually has breakfast at about half past seven. She gets to school at 8.30 and sometimes she corrects homework bbfore the lessons. She leaves work at 4 o'clock and rarely gets home after five. In the evenings Angela cooks or listens to music. She usually goes to bed at about half past eleven. On Saturdays, she often sees her friends. They usually go out for dinner or to the cinema. Angela never gets up early on Sunday moinings. Sunday is her day to relax. 7.
Putthe adverbs in the correctplace.
l. I drink a glass of milk in the morning.
(always) 2.They are late for school. (often) 3. She eats in a restaurant. (seldom) 4. They are at home in the evenings. (usuall, 5. I stay in bed until lunch time. (sometimes) 6. You clean your teeth! (never) T.Ihave a holiday in September. (usually) 8. She is polite. (always) 9. I read comic books. (rarely) 10. I getup before f.00. (never) 10. I sing in the shower. (often) l2.l am late for work. (never) 8.
Fill in: atrin or
...
on, then retell the texl
Saturdays, Sally always gets up early ... the morning - ... about half past six. After that, she goes to,the newsagent's to collect the papers. She finishes her paper round ... eight o'clock, then she goes home for breakfast. After breakfast, she usually goes shopping with her mum, and then ... noon, she meets her friends. They sometimes go to the cinema ... Saturday afternoons.
58
old.
2. Every spring the children go skiing, so my wife and I go to Paris on holiday. We stay in a hotel near the River Seine. We have breakfast in the hotel, but we have lunch in a restaurant. French food is delicious! We walk a lot, but sometimes we go by taxi. After four days we don't want to go home and go back to work. 3. Keiko Wilson is Japanese but she lives in New York because she is married
to an American. Keiko is an interpreter. She likes New York because New York is interesting, but Keiko's husband doesnlt like New York. Walter wants to leave and live in the country. Keiko and Walter have two children. Walter takes the two children and the two children's dog out of the city in his free time. Walter and the children go walking in summer anii skiing in winter, but Keiko doesn't often go with them because she doesn't have any free time. 11.
Maxe the positive sentences negative. e.g. You know the answer. You don't know the answer.
l. I play the piano very well. 2. She works very hard. 3. Ann has a car. 4.T\at shop closes at nine. 5. They do the same thing every day. 6. I like to go to discos. 7. He wants to help me. 8. I smoke. 9. She loves Peter. 10. Mr Burns has lunch at the offrce. l-1. He reads a lot. 12. My car has a CD player. 13. Simon sings in his car. 12. Make the positive sentences negative and make the negat'we sentences positive. 1. She doesn't speak German. 2.They want to learn English. 3. We're tired and we want tro go to bed 4. John likes watching football on TV, but he doesn't like playing it. 5. I work at home because I have a word processor. 6. Sarah
isn't happy because she doesn't have a nice flat. 7.
I smoke, I
drink, and
I
59
don't go to bed early. 8. He doesn't smoke, he doesn't drink, and he goes to bed early. 13. Say what
you (the members of your family) Iike (want) to do and what
you don't like (want) to do. 14. Pat the verbs in brackets into the cortectform.
l.
He (often/lose) things. 2. He (never/do) his homework on time! 3. She Al and Jo (not/know) each other very well, but they (always/say) hello. 5. I (not/usually/trave) dinner at the offtce. 6. She (not/often/help) me with the ironing. 7. She (not/usually/be) at home at this (noVoften/call) me. 4.
time. 8. We (noValways/go) to the country at the weekend. 15. Say what
you (the members of your family) don't often/always/usually
do on Sunday/fuIonday. 16. Read the text and correctthe sentences below.
Isabel: I do lots of things at the weekend. I often meet my friends at the shops on Saturday morning and we go shopping, then we have lunch in a caf6. Sometimes I have a game of tennis in the park on Saturday afternoon or I swim and sunbathe at the swimming pool. In the evening I go to the cinema. On Sunday I like to relax, and I usually stay at home.
e.g. Isabel has lunch at home on Saturdays. Isabel doesn't hale lunch at home on Saturdays. She has lunch in a cafe.
1.
She plays tennis at the sports centre.
2. She meets her friends at the gym. 3. She watches filrns at home in the evening. 4. She swirns at the beach. 5. She relaxes at a club on Sundays. 17. Say what you do and don't do st b,eekends. 18. Translate into English.
1. Moft cun mo6nt $yr6or. 2. 9ru AeBoqKLr He pa6otaror, oHLI )Aarc.r. 3. Mu qacro xoAlrM B rlapK. 4. Moil uyx o6uvuo Bo3Bpalqaercx 4ouofi n ceMb r{acoB. 5. Ero Aor{b xoqer KynHTb HoByto MaIxI,IHy. 6. Mor MaMa rlpenoAaer alnrnuitcxuir f,3brr B IuKoJIe. 7. .fl pe.qro 3BoHIo cBoeMy Apyry Beqeporra. 8. Osa se nrc6ltr cMorperb reJIeBLI3op y'IpoM. Osa mo6nr cMorperb TeneB[3op BerrepoM. 9. Mofi [aIIa He xoqer crpol4Tt ualenrxnfi 4ov, lroil nana xoqer flocrpollrb 6olrurofi,uou. 10. Ou He o6eAaer AoMa. 11. Osu ne npr,rcbrJrilror MHe KHI,Ir. 12. O:aa HIdKorAa He xoAI,IT Ha AlrcKoreKra. 13. 3ror 60
nc roBopr,rr no-Qpanuyrcxw. 14. Ou ne ncerAa )D(oAIrr AoMofi locne ypoKou. 15. .fl se ryprc. 16. Mrt nreu rotle no yrpaM. 17. fl ae llrparc B Bolefi6o.rr, ro r ltrparo B reHHHc. 18. On BcerAa oqeHb 3aHtr. 19. Ott ue pa6oTae'f' ro cy66orau. 20. Brr oqeHb xopouo roBopnre no-auunIcxu.2l. Otr AeJracl' rry pa6ory orreHb xopouo.22. A He 3Hiuo ee aApeca. 23. Mrr o6bl'{Ho yxuuaeM B ceMb r{acoB. 24. Oy He qacro 3BoHI{T }aHe. 25. Mor 4o'rr xover cna'rr'. 26. Mofi cun BcerAa llber coK. 27. Onu nHorAa [JIaBaIor B peKe. 28. Mu xorr,rM Bc'rperlrrb re6 ,. 29. Kara npuxognr Aouofi B Ixecrb qacoB. Oua o6rrqno cMorpr.rr reneBn3op I{JII{ r{uraer KHnry. Ona ne lrc6ar ryntrb B oro BpeMr. Ee uaua nprxoAlrr B ceMb. OHa roronnr yxuu. flororu oHI,I yxllsanr. 30. Moft 6par x(r{Ber r Muucxe. OH ne xraser n Epecre. Ou lro6r.rr lpr.re3xarb n Epecr JreroM. 31. Ona o6squo 3aKaHqlrBaer pa6ory n 5 vacos. 32. Kax npaBrlno, lmr o6eAaeu s 7 . 33. -f, ncerAa nprIHLIMaIo .ttyu no yrpaM. 34. Mofi nana o6Hquo yxoAl4r na pa6ory B ceMb yTpa. 35. -f .{acro Bcrpeqarc 3Aecb groro Manbql{Ka. 36. flocne 3aBlpaKa Mo,a Aotlb ltAer B IUI(ony. 37.Mos 6a6yuxa He rloKynaer 6aHaHrt, oHa lrx He nro6nr.38. OHn I,IHorAa e3Arr B EepnrH. 39. A ue rpuxollry cloAa yrpoM. 40. Mu lr3)qaeM Qpanuyscrnfi rlur. 41. Mu He rrc) raeM IiramqHcxzfi xsbtx.42. Mt'l xoruu loexarb e JIoHAoH. 43. fl, ne mo6lro rfiicaitb rrr4cbMa. -fl ruo6nro noJrlnrarb nl4cbMa. 44.Mst He ) {r.rMcr JreroM. 45. Ona He nro6r4r BcraBarb paHo yrpoM. 46. Osa BcerAa 3BoHrrr MaMe flocJre o6eAa. 47 . Mot cecrpa He quraer xIrur. 48. Moft 6par uacro cnyuraer 3Ty My3brKy. 49. Moir Apyr o6bl.iHo pa6oraer :qecr. 50.-f uuor4a qnraro ra3erbl no yrpaM.5l. Mor 6a6yurra o6rtquo roroBl,rr 3aBTpaK Arr scefi uaruefi ceMbLI. 52. Ou peAKo xoAI,Ir B rearp. 53. Ypor HaquHaerc.fi B AeBrrb. 54. Euy HpaBurcf, ql,Irarb uocne o6eAa. 55. Mofi 6par cnr,rr Ha AnBaHe s xr,uroil KoMHare. 56. Moft ArAt rrrtruer KHlrrn. 57. O6rr.rHo f, He Bo3Bparqarocu Aortlofi paHbrrre cervru. 58. OH .racro onasAHnaer. .59. -[ o6rtquo Aot,t qeJrorioK
\ {
I
Grammar: Present Simple: questions Topic: Daily routine. Free time
',
'i
ltlustrative Situations
Yes/l,{o q'uestions
Do you like comedies and rornantic films? Do I knowhim? Does she have dinner at home? Does he always drive to work? Do we have any buttel? (: Have we got any butter?) Do they often visit you? Short answers
How long do you stay at school? - From 9.00 till4.00. How long does it take you to get to work? - Twenty minutes. Why do you come here so often? - To see you. Why don't you help me? - I have no time. Why don't we go to the cinema? - Good idea. Which sbirt do you want to buy? - The green one. Who(m) does Alice love? - Tom. Who does the car belong to? : To whom does the car belong? (formaD What do you want that knife for? - To cut thebread. Subject questions
Who sits in this seat? - Helen does. Who knows Pamela? - I do. ' Compare : Who(m) does Pamela kriow? - She knows Nick Wilson. What makes people happ/ - Love does. Which of you knows his address? - I do. How many people work at this factory? - 200. Who works with Ken? - David does. Or-questions
Does she work for a company? - Yes. /Yes, she does.A.[o.lNo, she doesn't. Do you have a swim before breakfast? - Yes. .A(es, I do./No.A.{o, I don't. Do you ever see him? - Yes, often. / Yes, I often do. Does she work late? : No; she never does. / Never. Does he often miss classes? - No, not often.
Do you live in a house or a flat? - In a flat. Does it work well or bad$ - It works very well. Do you walk to school or do you take the bus? - I usually walk. Does she know him or not? - She doosn't. Tag questions
Wh-questions
What do you do? (: What's yourjob?) What do you do in the evening? - I usually go out. What subjects do you teach? - Litgrahue and History. What time do you start work? - At half past seven. What does Fiona look like? - She is tall and slim. What kind of music do you like? - I like classical music. Where do you ke-ep your clothes? - In my wardrobe. Where does Kevin come from? (: Where is Kevin from?) When do you bave dinner? - At two o'clock as a rule. How do you get to school? . By bus. Howwell do you swim? - Quite well. Howoften do you wash your hair? - Once a week. How much water do we need? - A bucket.
Howmanyeggs do youwant? - Ten. 62
Mike lives in California, doesn't he? - Yes, he does. A.[o, he doesn't. He lives in Florida.
You study Japanese, don't you? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. I study Chinese. Ann catches the bus, doesn't she? - No, she goes by car. Kate plays the piano, doesn't she? - Well, yes, but not very well. You don't often use these maps, do you? - Yes, I do, often. Your daughter doesn't go to school, does she? - Yes, she does, and she likes
it
at school.
Negative questions
Surprise
:
,'
,,.
Don't you want to watch that film? : Do yo.u not.want'to watch that filn? Don't you like their new house? Don't you know how to boil an,egg? Doesn:t she
want to see him?
I don't speak French. - Don't you? I speak Japanese. - Do you? 63
Admiration
A: Who works withhim?
Doesn't he speak English well! Doesn't she sing nicely!
Solidarity I work hard. - So do I. /So does Mary. I don't like him. - Neither do I. A.Ieither does Mary.
B: A group of young joumalists do. A: Which of them writes those firnny stories? B: Betty Smith does.
7.
A: How much
Practice
B: No, I don't. A: Don't you like it? B: I do, but I prefer to go to the cinema.
1. A: Where does Hans come from? B: Swizerland. A: Whatdoes he do? B: He's a ski-instnrctor.
A: B: A: B:
B: Yes, he does. Spanish?
B: No, he doesn't.
2. A: Do you go out on Friday afternoons? B: No, I don't. A What do you do? B: I just relax. A: Do you stay at home on Friday evenings? B: Yes, I do. I cook dinner for friends.
9. A: Why
don't you finish your homework and come and watch TV? Because I don't understand it. It's too diffrcult. B: A: Why don't you ask your teacher to explain it? B: Because I don't like him. A: Why don't you like him? B: Well, he always shouts at me. A: Why does he shout at you? B: Well, I don't work in class and I don't do my homework A: Well, no wonder he shouts at you.
A: You've got a bad headache, don't you? B: Yes, I have.
A: Do you often have headaches? B: No, I don't, it's only today.
4.
A: What time does Denis get up? B: He gets up at eight ten.
A: What time
does he have lunch?
10.
A: B: A: B:
How do you get to school? I usually go by bus. Real$ How long does it take? Ooh! It usually takes about 15 minutes.
6. A: Who publishes B: Myfriend does. 64
this interesting magazine?
A: Your husband doesn't smoke,
does he?
B: Yes, he does. He's a heavy smoker. I don't like it but I can't stop him. A: That's a pity. It's bad for his health. Doesn't he know that? B: Of course, he does! I often say that to him, but he doesn't listen.
B: He has lunch at twelve thirty.
5.
How often do you go to the cinema?
Everyweek. And how often do you go to the theatre? ' Usually once a month. A: Do you ever go to concerts? B: Yes, I do from time to time. A: Whatmusic do you like? B: First of all I like operas. I also like piano recitals. Do you like music? A: Yes, I do. First of all I like symphonic music. But I like operas, too.
A: Does he speak French and Gerrnan?
3.
cheese do we need?
B: We don't need any cheese. We've got enough in the fridge.
8. A: You don't often go to the theatre, do you?
1. Study a"nd practise.
A: Does he speak
A: How many loaves of bread do we need? B: Two.
A: Too bad! 11.
A: Have you got any holiday plans? B: No, not yet. A: Oh, don't you have a holiday in Ju$ B: No, I don't. I usually go on holiday in September.
3 3aK. 2510
65
f il You are asking somebody questions. I(rite questions n'ithDo[Does
...
Shc (finish) work at 2 o'clock and sometimes she (meet) her friends for lunch. She usually (get) home at about 3 o'clock. In her free time, she (listen) to music. She (be) very happy with her job. 'I (get) up early every day, but I don't mind because I have the whole afternoon
?
e.g. I work hard. How about you? Do you work hard?
I play tennis. How about you? ... you ... ? I play chess. How about Ann? ... Ann ... ? Iknowthe answer. Howaboutyou? ... the answer? I like hot weather. How about you? ... ? My father drinks coffee. How about your father? ... ?
I exercise every morning. How about yori? ,,. ? I speak English. How about your friend ? ... ? Mr Bridge teaches maths. How about Mr Dobsoir? ... I want to be famous. How about you? ... ?
Fill in do,
frce,'
t
b) In pairs, ask and answer questions about Mandy Taylor,:as in the examples.
,
l.
?
2.
does, don't or doesn't
A: ... you live in Madrid? B: No, I ... . A: ... Tim like watching TV? B: Yes, he... . A: ... they live in a flat? B: Yes, they ... . A: ... Mary work in a hospital? B: No, she ... . A: ... she like playing tennis? B: Yes, she... . A: ... they go flshing on Sundays? B: No, they... . A: ... he work in a school? B: No, he ... . 8. A: ... you get up late on Sundays? B: Yes, we.., . 9. A: ... they like playing football? B: Yes, they ... . 10. A: ... she like listening to jazz music? B: No, she... . 4. Put the verbs
in brackets into
the present simple.
you/go to the caf6lat six o'clock? : : SA: Do you go to the cafe at six q'clock? SB: Yes, I do. l.r; the other waiterslarrivelat six o'clqck? SA: Do, the other waiters arrive at six o'clock? SB: No, they don't. They arrive at seveno'clock.
3
4. I 5.
,)
.t
6. you /get home/at4 o'clock?
SA: SB:
7.
you /listen to music/in your free time? SA: SB:
c) In pairs, ask and answer questions about Mandy Taylor's working day. Do
it like this: Does Mandy come to work early? - Yes, she does.
5. Fill in do(n't), does(n't), am(not), is(n2t) or are(n't).
l.
A: ... Brian get up early? B: Yes, he ... .
2. A:... youMrStewart?
' 66
I ... . Nice to meet you. A: ... you usually watch TV? B: No, I..., butmysisters ... . B: Yes,
67
A: ... you go to the gym on Saturdays? B: No, I ... . I usually go climbing. 4. A: ... he often make dinner? B: No, he ... . He ... like cooking. 5. A: ... the children in the garden? , B: Yes, they... . 6 A: ... they fr. om Argentina? B: No, they... . 7. A: Hello, ... James at home? B: No, he ... . He ... get home before 6 o'clock. A: ... these your glasses? B: No, they... . 9. A: I ... an Oasis fan. B: I ..., too but I ... a Spice Girls fan.
(7). It takes him He goes to work by (8) to get there. He likes his work, because But he doesn't earn very much - only -does he live? l. Where 2. When 3. Who 4. What 5. When 6. Where
6. Put the verbs into the correctform.
Now here is the missing information. Put it into the parugraph in the ap' propriate spaces.
3.
(e).
(10) a year.
7. How 8. How long
9. Why 10. Howmuch
1. What time (the banks/close) here? 2.'Where (Martin/come) from?' 'He's Scottish.' 3. 'What (you/do)?' 'I'm an electrician.' a. It (take) me an hour to get to work. How long (itltake) you? 5. I always have eggs for breakfast. What (youlhave)? 6. 'Who (look) after the children?' 'Mary does.' 7. Who (meet) her after work? 8. Who (she/meet) after work? 9. Why (he/get) so many bad marks? 10. What (his son/want) to be? ll. When (yor.r/ have) lunch? 12. Where (your sister/ work)? 13. Who (live) next door? 14. What (cats/eat)? 15. Who (you/want) speak to? 16. Why (we/not go) out for a meal tonight? 17. How (yor:/make) the cake? 18. How long (this fikn/last)? 19. 'Which bag (Helen/like)?' 'The black one.' 20. What stories (you/like)? 21. What kind of job (you/want)? 22.What (he/look) hke? 23.'What paper (your father/read)?' 'The Daily Mirror.' 24.How often (Kate/go) to the gym?
PeoPle 25 minutes
he meets o lot of
his wife ond children
€ 8.000
bus
7.OO 8.
.o deportment
store
bocon and
Dover
qgs
S.3O
Make questionsfrom the prompts. e.g. she/live/in London? Does she live in London?
25. Which colour (you/ prefer)? 26. Which of you (know) his brother? 27.Who (Jenny/live) with? 28. 'Who (yor.r/want) to see?' 'The manager.' 29.What kind df books (she/ like)? 30. How many apples (you/want)?
l. Where/he/eat lunch? 2. William/leave home/at eight o'clock? 3. Where/ your parents/go on holiday? 4. you/work/in an office? 5. she/havela far< machine? 6. What time/helget home? 7. When lBmilylfeed the children?
31. Why (this machine/not work)? 32. What (she/always/look) at? 33. Look at this sentence. What (this word/mean)?
8. yon/like/nightclubs?
7. Read ubout Jim Brown. For each sentence think of a question which you must asik dyou want to know the hissing information. pomplete the qaestions below. The cowect question word is given to you.
in
(1). Every moming he gets up Jim Brown lives He takes a shower and then he wakes For.brealdast he usually eats (5). Hewodcs in Thenhe leaves his house at
68
at
@. (3). (4). (6).
yon/work?
ll.
9. theylgo/ to the beach/at the weekend? 10. Where/
What/you/do? 12: Where/sheiwork? 13. What/she/do/in her
free time? 14. you/play tennis? 14. How many children/they/trave? 15. youhave/a dog? 16. he/have dinner/at a restaurant? 17. he/do/much work? 18. How much/coffee/you ldrirlt_ lat the weekend? 19. you/sing? 20. your husband/coold
9. Complete the dialogue.
A When .,. you get
up?
B At ten in the evening.
69
A: ... you work atnight?
13. Respond expressing
B: Yes, L.. . A: What ... you ... in the afternoon? B: I sleep.
A: ... do you have dinner? B: I ... di A: Do... B: No, I ... . A: Where ... you work? B: I ... in a hospital. A: So, what... yorr .., ? B. I...anursie.
surprise.
e.g. Dick hates opera. Does he (really)?
l. She plays football. 2. I don't like chocolate. 3. I don't eat meat. 4. drink coffee. 5. Alex still lives with his parents. 6. He speals Japanese.
n in the morning.
I don't
14. Give short answers to the following questions beginning with so or nei.
ther. e.g. I
I don't come home early,
.
10. Ask or-questions.
comrc home early, and what about
you? (and you?) - So do I.
and you? - Neither do I.
l. I get up at seven o'clock, and what about you? 2. I don't get up early, and you? 3. You don't like this man, and what about your husband? 4. You often visit your parent$, and what about your brother? 5. Nelly studies very well, and your sister? 6. Nick likes to play football, and what about his son? 7. You don't want to go to the theatre, and what about your daughter? 8. I like her
p.g. Ai I like tea. (sfiong or weak) B: Do you like your tea strong or weak?
very much, and you? 9. Your mother cooks well, and what about you?
ll.
Add question togs to
swer these questions.
the
foilowing sentences and let your partner
10. John often goes to the theatre, and what about his sister? I l. tr don't come home late, and you? 12. My daughter doesn't like to watch TV, and what about your son? 13. They don't live in Moscow, and their son? 14. I like cofan_
e.g. She doesn,t study Spanish. She doesn't study Spanish, does she? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
fee, and you? 15.
Ask all types of questions about the following statements.
l. Helen studies French. 2. Roger Ferry comes from Biitain. 3. He plays the violin. 4. It takes her twenty minutes to get to work. 5. They want to buy some toys for their little son. 6. He often goes fishing.'7. Susan likes our house. 8. Barbara loves Tom. 9. Dick has a good car. 10. Alice likes French food. ll.She often goes out with her boyfriend. 12. She usually has dinner at a restawant. 13. This computer belongs to Tom Brown. 16. Read the t*ts, ask and ansbter questions, retell the textt. In pairs, ask questions about your working days and weekends.
12. Read and translate the questions.
l.
Do you like music? Don't you like music? 2. Do you play chess? Don't you play chess? 3. Does this bus go to the station? Dodsn't this bus go to the station? 4. Do they sell video cassettes in that shop? Don't they sell video cassgttes in that shop? 5. Does your son go to school yet? Doesn't your son go to school yet? 70
David's and'Rosa's Day David is a bank nuutager and Rosa is a doctor in a large hospital. David gets up at 7.30 am and has a shower. He leaves home at 8.30 and goes to work by train. He arrives at the bank at 9.00. Rosa gets up at 9.30 because she doesn't start workuntil 1.00 in the afternoon. She catches the bus to the hospital at 12.15.
7l
David finishes work at 5.30 pm and goes shopping in a supermarket near the bank Then he goes home and cooks the dinner. He eats alone in the kitchen at1.OO and he usually watches TV in the living room until Rosa arrives home
17, Trtnslate into English-
at 10.00. She often has her dinner in front of ttre TV. David goes to bed at 1 1.00, but Rosa usually goes to bed a bit later.
qrrarr? 8. Kro xoqer rliuo? 9. Kaxas MaIIIuHay TBoero npoAonxaAerr4 nrc6rT MopoxeHoe? 11. cxolsxo BpeMeHI{ ercr BauI pa6o'rufi Aeur? - Boceur
7.
Ricardo's and Ramon's Day Ricardo and Ranon are Alicia and George's Castro's sons. They go
9ro
BaM HpaBuTcq
nansr? 10. qsu
to t
urpaere e uaxMarul? -
school. They.are twins, and they are in the s'ame class.
[a'
14. Koro
pox4enua? 15. Pagse oHa He roBo
Ricardo and Ramon have English, math, and history every day. They have
16. Patse re6e
science on Tuesday and Thursday. They have music on Tuesday and Thursday too.
ne HPaBHrcr Axa3? 3yeTcc 3TI'1M KoMtlLrore-
npn
After school they play with their friends and do their homework. They have dinner with their parents and sister, and then they watch television.
On Saturday morning, they have tennis lessons. On Saturday afternoon, they clean their rooms. On Sunday, they study or go swimming. Sometimes they go to the movies with thrir parents. Free Time
Ann McGregor lives in London. She is thirty-four and worls for the BBC. She interviews people on an early morning news programme called The World Today. Every weekday she gets up at 3.00 in the morning because the programme starts at 6.30. She loves her work because it is exciting and she meets a lot of interesting people, but she loves her weekends, too. Read to what Ann says about her weekends.
On Fridays I come home from the BBC at about 2.00 in the afternoon and I just relax. On Friday evenings I don't go out, but sometirnes a friend comes fordinner. He or she brings the wine and I cook the meal.
I love cooking! We listen to music
or just chat.
On Saturday mornings I get up at 9.00 and I go shopping. Then in the evenings I sometimes go to the theate or the opera with a fri,end. I love opera! Then we eat in my favourite Chinese restaurant.
I 1
{ $
j
i, ,:1
{
I { i
!a.41. Kro xuner
B
eroM AoMe? - Mot Bb-I ID( HaBeur
Kax qacro
B AepeBHe. 43. Pagse rbl ero se :saeurr? 44.
C
xlnyr Mectu' rearp?
On Sunday ... Oh, on Sunday mornings I stay in bed late, I do-n't get up until 11.00! Sometimes in the afternoon I visit my sister. She lives in thg country and has two children. I like playing with my niece and nephew, but I leave early because I go to bed at 8.00 on Sunday evenings!
72
73
Negatives
I'm not watching TV. Tum it off. Grarnmar: Present Continuous. Prepositions of place and movement. Reflexive pronouns Topic: Holidays (1)
We aren't having a good time. They aren't playng football. They're playing rugby. She isn't writing. She's reading.
He isn't sleeping.
It isn't raining. You aren't listening to me.
'
lllustrative Situations
Yes/I,{o questions and short answers
Look at the pictures below and read about claire Bryan. compare the use of the present simple and the present continuous.
Present Simple
Present Continuous
The present simple ls used lor pemanent slatea,
.
tor repeated actlons and daily rouunes.
The ptesent continuous is used for lemporary acllons happening al or around the momsnt of speaking.
secretary.
ll's nine o'clock. Chire is dill al hone becatfe she is ill and she rs sn]r/lg on het
She bed.
o,clock every day.
lfe^.
Here are some more example situations:
I can't
speak to you,
I'm
w.ashing my hair.
We are having dinner. They are swimming in the sea. My brother's talking on the telephone now. She's reading a book at the moment, lt is raining hard. You're making a lot of mistakes. 74
Wh-questions
What are you doing? What is she wrifing? Where are you going? Why are they hurrying? What book is she reading? Who are you waiting fof? What are you listening to? Who is she speaking to? Subject questions
Who is sitting on the bench? How many children are playing in the yard? What is lying on the table? Or-queslions
Statements Sorry,
y.
Are you listening to me? -,Yes, I am; A.{o, I am not. ' ' Are they still playing football? - Yes, they are. A.{o, they aren't. Is he waiting for a bus? - Yes, he is. A.{o, he isn't. Is Lucy having dinner at the moment? - Yes, she is. lNo, dhe istt't. Is it still raining? - Yes, it is. A.{o, it isn't.
Are you drinking tea or coffee? Is she swimming or sunbathing?
(:
lying in the sun?)
Tag questions She's waiting for Peter, isn't she? They're having lunch at the rhoment, aren't they? He isn't sleeping, is he? It isn't snowing, is it? You aren't working now, are you?
75
Practice
Questions
1. Look at the picture and read the rext berow. Answer rhe questions
the people
in
the picture.
l. Who is on Capri? 2. Where is he staying? 3. What is the weather like on Capri? 4. What is the food like on Capri?
ab'ul
3. Fill in thc gaps with
words
from the list
hersc$ yourself themselves, itself yourselves, himself, ourselves
I'm enjoying myself. You're enjoyng .., He's enjoying ... She's enjoying... It's enjoying ... .
.
. .
We're enjoying ... . You're enjoying ... . They're enjoying ...
.
4. lArite the postcard below
infall
sentences.
Dear Joe,
Ilhave la wonderful time/in Malta. We/staylat a lovely hotel in Valetta.
It/be/warm and sunny today. Right now, I/sunbathe/on the beach and/write/this postcard. JilVvisit/a museum and Diane/have breakfast/at a caf6. The water here/be/very blue and the beach/be/beautiful. We/really enj oylourselves ! I/think/Malta/be/a fantastic island. 5. lVrite the sentences in the negative and interrogative, as in the example. e.g. He is playing football. Questions
He isn't playing football. Is he plalng football?
LWh
ing?
3
eating
S?#';
2. Read the postcard below, then answer the questions.
Dear Emily,
{
a
1
i
I
Love, Ben 76
l
l. They are sleeping at the moment. 2. You are writing. 3. We are studying French this year. 4. Anna's having a good time. 5. Ben and Tom are watching television. 6. I'm making a lot of noise. 7. It is raining. 8. They're waiting for us. 9. He is sunbathing. 10. They are wearing heavy jackets. ll. Katherine is lying. 12. We're relaxing. 13. I'm using this pencil at the moment. 14. You are working hard. 15. The children are having lunch in the kitchen. 16. My sister is walking on the beach now. 17. He is playing the guitar. 18. She is talking on the phone. 19. We are waiting in the right place. 20. You are sitting here. 21. David is enjoying the f,rlm. 22.The bus is stopping.
77
6. Give short answers to the questions, as in the example.
e.g. A: Is he sleeping? B: No, he isn't.
10. I.ook at the
picture andJill in the correctprepositions of place. Then,
covcr the text and ssk and anstoet questions.
This is Paul's room. He is sitting ... an armchair, and his guitar is ... a small chair. He has several pictures ... the wall, and there are some pichrres ... the ceiling, ... his bed. He is packing for his trip, so his bag is ... a corner of the room. Some of his clothes are .., the floor. You can see a tree ... the window. His flat is ... 53 East Street, .., the ground floor.
7.
G
!
11. Look at the picture and fill in the correct prepositions Then, cover the text and describe the picture.
Ask wh-questions.
e.g. She's reading
a newspaper.
(what)
lrom the IisL
-
What is she reading?
l. They are h-urrying to the station. (where) 2. Betty is washing the floor. (who) 3. I'm relaxing because I'm tired. (why) a. They are having dinner in the kitchen . (where) 5. They are having soup and meat for dinrrer. (what) 6. The boys are doing their homework. (What) 7. you are smiling. (WhV) 8. She is drawing a picture of a horse. (what picture) 9. Jane and Mary are
studying German. (who) 10. A mobile phone is lying on the table. (what) 11. Twenty women are working in the fields. (How many) 12. Betty's brothers are playng teruris. (whose) 13. Tim is reading 'war and peace'. (what book) 14. I'm going home. (Where) 8. Use the prompts to ask questions, as in the example.
onto, through, out of, to, over, down, into, along, up
It is Saturday morning. Tim and Bob are playing football in the garden. Their sister Jenny is getting ... her bicycle. Her friends are riding their bicycles ... the pavement. Their father is carrying the shopping bags ... the house. Their mother is coming ... the house. Someone is painting their house. He is climbing ... the ladder. A black cat is jumping ... from the tree. A white cat is
going ... the house ... the window. Some birds are flying ... the house.
e.g. you/who / for/
arel waiting? Who are you waiting for?
l. they/listenrng/what/are/to? 2. who/she/is/with/walking? 3. you/arelat/what/ looking? 4. is/whaushe/looking/for? 5. aboutJare/thinking/what/you? 6, he/ speaking/who /is/to? 9.
7
.
you/about/talktng/what/ are?
Ask all types of questions about the following statements.
I . They are working in the garden . 2. He is looking for a flat at the moment. 3. She is studying Japanese. 4. They're waiting for us. 5. A thick dictionary is lying on the table. 6. He is playrng the violin. 7. She is drinking coke. g. They
12. Find pictures from a magazine and say what the people are doing using prepositions of movement and place. 13.
Read the letter below and then ask and answer questions.
Dear Walter,
We're on vacation in New York City, and we're having a good time. New York is beautiful. The weather is hot and sunny. It's 80o F. Today my mother and father are at the Statue of Liberty' My sister Julie is sryimming at the beach, and my brother Henry and his friends are playing soccer in the park.
are dancing.
78
79
--,] beautiful, Aunt Martha is cooking a big dinner, and Uncle Charlie i's singing and playing the guitar. I'm in Aunt Mar0ra and Uncle Charlie's apartuient. It's large
and
Cousin Tommy and Cousin Gloria aren't on vacation. They're doing their homework in fronLof the TV. Their homework isn't easy. How is the weather in Los Angeles? Is it hot? what are you and YourfamilY doing? Are vou busy ttuT"t";"
Michael
14. Rebd and reproduce the ielephone convetsation below. Act out a similar telephone conversation on the topic 'Holidayst.
Ian: Hello? Paul: Hi Ian, it's Paul. Ian: Paul! How are you? How's Sonia? Paul: Fine, we're both very well. You can't i-agine how lovely
16. Put the verbs in bracke$ into the present simple or continuous.
1
I (u/rite) to you from the Golden Beach Hotel. I am here with Sandy and pat. The hotel (belong) to Pat's uncle and she (spend) every summer here. The place is very nice and I (think) all the people at the hotel (have) a nice time. We (swim) and (go) windsurfrng every morning. At noon we (have) hurch and in the evening we (gq) for walks. Today it (rain) so we can't go out. I (hate) this weather! At the moment Sandy and Pat (have) lunch. They (eat) fish today and it (smell) very good. (you/trave) a good time at home? Write soon and tell me all your news. Love,
it is here in
Jamaica.
Put the verbs in brackets into the prcsent contiiaous or the present
simple.
l.'Where's Sally?' 'She (speak) to Paul.'2.'Steve is in the bathroom.' '(he/have) a shower?' 3. She (know) everybody in her schoel. 4. 'Who (he/wait) for?' 'I (not/know).' 5. I (have) problems with this computer. 6. Don't worry about the cat. He (only/eat) once a day.7. This is an examination. Why (you/talk)? 8. My frierids (notrbelieve) my story- 9. Where (we/go)? This is the wrong road! 10. You're agreat cook. This cake (taste) wonderful. I l. Who (this wallet/belong) to? 12. She (like) listening to music. She (have) a lot of cassettes. 13, You can tum offthe television. I (not/watch) it. 14. I have a motorbike, but I (not/usually/ride) it to work. 15. (you/want) to come to Julie's party with me? 16. Please be quiet. I (try) to do my homework; 17. Drive carefully. It (rain). 18. He (need) to buy a new pair of shoes.' 19. Sarah (never/forget) people's names. 20. She (have a bath) at the moment. 21. 'What (you/do)?' 'I'm a doctor.' 22.'What (you/do) here?' 'I (visit) my
80
I
Jessy
Ian: What's the weather like? Paul: It's very hot and the sun is shining Ian: Where's Sonia? Is she with you? Paul: Sonia is sunbathing in her swimming costume near the pool. Ian: And where are you phoning from? Paul: At the moment, I'm sitting on the balcony of our hotel room. I'm enjoyrng the wonderful view. Hey, have you got Jack's address? Ian: Yes, why? Paul: Because I want to send hirir a postcard. 15.
I
grandparents.' 23. (they, have) a lesson at the moment? 24.Why (you/wear) a heavy coat? 25. We (noVwatch) videos at school.
Dear Donna,
,""",
Cousin
I
i
Imagine you're on holiday. Write a similar letter to one of your relatives. fn your letter use both: ihe present simple and the present continuous. 17. Translate into English.
l. Ceft.rac Beqep. Mu cuorpru reneBr,r3op. 2. flocuorpn s oxHo! llger npofltlsHoft aoxar. 3. B Eenopyccur qacro rrl[yr AoxAr{. 4. Kyaa ru ngerur? - -f H/Iy B KI.rHo. - TrI .rasro xoAr.rrrrb n xuHo? - Kax.qno HeAeJrK). 5. Mo.r rvraMa He r{rpaer Ha [fiaurrHo cefiqac. Ona nrpaer Ha nuaHlHo rro yrpaM. 6. tlro rrr cefiqac Aelaeurr? - .f, raarparalo. '1 . Tsofi 6par cuorprr ceft.rac renenusop? - Her, ou He cMorpHT TereBr.r3op, oH roroBtrr yxr,rH, 8. f. gyuato, ouu ceftqac Hrparcr B TeHHr{c. 9. Ona s naHuofi. Oua npunnuaer Ayru. 10; Kyaa ona ul.ler? - Oua nrer B Mara3lrn Kynrrrb MoJroKa. 11. Ceft.rac lrrer cHer. B rHsape qacro r{,[er cHer. 12. fae rBofi cecrpa? - Ona AoMa AeJraer )poxr{. 13. Cefi.qac ruecrb qacoB. Mofi gpyr qr.rraer KHHry, a eno cecrpa cMorpr{r TeneBl{3op. Manra u nana pa3roBapr.rBaror. 14. Kro Kf,r.rqnr n xousare? 15. .f He crurlo. 16. Koro rrr xgeurr? 17. flouerray 16r cMeeubcr? 18. Kro gro croury oxua? -f He sHalo 3Ty xeHrrlurry.19- fl, He noHr.rMruo, rrro oH roBopr{T. 20. Ha Kaq/rc Kaprrilry T6r cMorpl,IIur? 21. Kaxoe y[pa]KHeH[re oHn Aelator?
\eu rbr Amaerxb? 23. *to rbr rrepeBoAr{uts? 24.3soHrr reler[oH. 25. floveuy BH He cJryrrraere yvrrear? 26. Btt.ruraere? tlro su quraere? 27. Kouy Bbr rru[rere m,rcrvo? - Cecr-pe.28. C reu os raM pa3roBapusaer? 29. O qervr Bbr roBoprrre? 30.9ro AeJraer rnoil 6par? - OH pa6oraer Ha 3aBoAe. - A qro oH ceftqac Aelaer? - On ,{t,traer riBery. -f, npunoury eMy ra3erbr, KorAa oH nprxoAur c pa6orn. 30. fae Mn<arn? - OH ceftqac o6eAaer. Ou BcerAa o6eAaer B sro BpeMr. 31. -f He Br.DKy, qm Bbr rurrrere. 32. tlro Jre)Klrr Ha crole? 33. ilru Aerr.r lrparor na ylrue? 34. Bu ropolr,rrecb nasaurrvfi? ,{a. B I1.00 y Hac neKur{r. 22. O
81
Tag questions
Grammar: There is/There are. The hdefinite pronouns rrzcfr, many, a lot of/Io8 ofifew, afew, Iitde, a lidle
Topic: House/Flat
(1)
There is a desk in the room, isn't there? - Yes, there is.A.{o, there isn't. There isn't a sofa in the room, is there? - No, there isn't, /Yes, there's a comfortable sofa there. There are somg cinemas in the town, aren't there? - Yes, there are (some). /No, there aren't (any). ! There aren't any theatres in the town, are there? - No, there aren't. /Yes, there are two.
rrustrative Situations There is/There are Statements
There is/There's a bus stop near the college. There's some vrine in the bottle. There are some students in the classroom. Negatives There is not/isn't a man in the room. /There's no man in the room. There is not/isn't any butter in the fridge. /There's no butter in the fridge. There are nouaren't any cars in the street. /There are no cars in the street.
A lot of/lots of. Itluch. Many She's got a lot ofllots of books. ,r :' , ", ' There's a lot ofllots of milk in the fridge. There are a lot ofllots of people at the party. There isn't much sugar in the bowl, ,, : There aren't many books on the shelf. I haven't got much time. He hasn't got many friends. Is there much money in the purse? - No, not much. Are there many people in the swimming pool? - No, there aren't many. There are only two. How much sugar do we need? - A kilo. How many boys are there in your class? - Twenty. ,
r
)
Yes/No questions + Short answers
Is there a post office near here? - Yes, there is. A.{o, there isn't. Is there any cheese in the fridge? - Yes, there is (some). a.{o, there isn't (any). Are there any children in the garden? - yes, there are-(some). lNo, there aren't (any). Wh-questions
What is (there) on the table? Who is (there) in the classroom? What book is (there) on the table? How many students are (there) in the classrsom? How much butter is (there) in the fridge? Or-questions Is there an elephant or a giraffe in the zoo? Are there teachers or students in the classroom? Is there cheese or butter on the dish? 82
(A) little. (A) few
A little is a positive idea: They have a little money, so they are not poor.
(:
some but not much money)
Little is a negative idea: They have little money. They are very poor.
A few is
I have Few is
I'm
a
nearly no money)
posifive idea:
a few friends, so a
(:
I'm not lonely.
(:
some but not many friends)
negative idea:
sad and lonely. I have few friends.
(: nearlyno friends)
Here are somb more examples:
Carol has got a little flour. She can make a cake. has got (very) little flour. She can't make a cake. Carol has got a few strawberries. She can make some jam. Jill has got (very) few strawberries. She can't make any jam. I've got a little money. I can buy some bread.
Jill
83
fl They've got (very) liffle money. They can't buy any bread.
4. Look at this picture. Are there
There are a few tomatoes. We can make a salad. There are (very) fewpeople in the cinema. It is almost empty. Have you got any toothpaste? - Yes, a little. Are there any car parks near here? - Yes, a few.
l. Look
.
{
Practice
I
at the pictures, study and pructise the texts describing them.
,1 i
l.
Look at this picture. This is a classroom. There are some desks in the classroom. There is a blackboard on the wall.
'(
Is there a clock on the wall? Yes, there is a clock on the wall. Is there a table in the classroom? Yes, there is. Where is it? It is near the blackboard. Are there any words on the blackboard? No, there are not.
f,
il
There are not any words on the blackboard. Is there a chair in the classroom? Yes, there is. Where is it? It is near the table. Are there any students in the classroom? No, there are no sfudents
in
(.1
-l
I
l. ... a famous zoo in Berlin.2. ... a dishwasher in the kitchen? 3. ... sixteen classrooms in our school. 4. ... no fruit juice in this shop. 5. ... some interesting museums in this town. 6. ... any cigarettes in the box? 7. ... ty salt in the packet? 8. ... a garden with the apartrnent but there is a large terrace. 9. ... any shops near here? 10. ... a good Italian restaurant in the centre ofthe town. 1 l. . . . a message for you on the answering machine. 12. ... any cafes in the village. 13. ... there a concert in the concert hall this Sanuday? 14. ... some bread in the cupboard. 15. ... no magazines in the bookcase.16. ... a gym on the ship? 17. ... aCD player in my bedroom. 18. ... any honey in the jar? 19. ... some armchairs, a sofa and a table in the room.
Fill in there is/there are, it
is or they are
t
l. ... ; lefter on your desk. ... from your uncle. 2. ... some people in the office. 3. ''Where's my football?' ' ... in the garden.'4. Look!.... a beautiful rainbow in the sky. 5. ... two parks in this town. ... quite big. 6. ... a box on the desk. ... Laura's. 7. ... a hotel in this street. ... a new hotel. 8. ... a good film on the telly. ... an Italian filn. 9. ... two armchairs in the living room. ... very comfortable. 10. ... a mistake in the fax. ... a bad mistake. 11. Look at these two girls. ... are very beautiful.
i
4. FilII in a, an, some or any.,
i J
t
a
plate. What is there on the plate? There is some bread. Is there a lot of bread on the plate? No, there is not much bread on the plate. There is a small dish on the tray, too. It is a butter dish. There is only a little butter on the dish. There is not much but-
I {
ter on it.
84
(Some are questions or negatives.)
3. i
classroom.
3. This is a purse. Is it full or empty? It is empty. Is there any money on the table? Yes, there is some money on the tbble. Is there much money on the table? No, there is not much.money on the table. There is only a little.
2. Complete the sentences with lhe correctform of there is/there are.
l
the
2. What is there on this tray? There is
many
books on these shelves? No, there are not many. There are only a few books. There are only six.
-@qo
l. There are ... flowers in the vase. 2. Is there ... beer in the bottle? 3. There aren't ... chairs in the kitchen.4. Are there ... towels in the bathroom? 5. There isn't ... arrrchair in the dining room. 6. There are ... books in the bookcase. 7. There isn't ... cheese inthe fridge. 8. There aire ...rnagazines on the table. 9. There isn't ... bathroom downstairs. 10. Are there ... flats for rent in this area? 11. There isn't ... computer in the office. 12. There aten't ... drawings on the wall. 13. There are ... plants in the garden. 14. There's ... water in the jug. 15. Are there ... benches inthe garden? 16. There's ... elephant in the zoo. 17. There isn't ... railway station in this town. 18. There isn't ... bread in the shop. 85
5.
Ask all types of questions about
the
following
sentences.
1. There is a Strange dog in the garden, 2. There is a phone in the office. 3. There are some beautifirl parks in Minsk. 4. There is some wine in the bottle.
9. Match the questions with the answers.
6. lvork in pairs. Practise the conversations and. make similar bonversa-
l. Do you eat many hamburgers?
tions.
2.Have you got many computer games?
A: Excuse me!'Is there a chemist's neaf here? B: Yes. It's over there. A: Thanks.
:
A: Excuse me! Is there a sports club near here? B: Yes. It's in Queen Street. Take the second street on the right., A: Thanks. A: Excuse me! Is there a newsagent's near here? B: Yes. There's one in Church Street next to the bank and there's one in park Lane opposite the swimming pool. A: Is that one far? B: No. Just two minutes, that's all.
A:
Is there a cinema near here?
' B: Take the fust left, and it's on the left, opposite the flower A: Thanks a lot.
shop.
7. Fill in many, much or a lot of.
l.
There is ... milk in the carton. 2. Are there ... people in the cinema today? 3. He has got ... money. 4. There isn't ... sugar in the coffee. 5. Is there ... orangejuice in thejug? 6: She had got ... books in her bag. 7.Have you got ... friends? 8. There aren't ...tiscuits in the packet. 9. We haven't got ... bread. 10. There are ... animals in the zoo. 11. Are there ... shops in this street? 12. There isn't ... pepper in the soup. 13. The children have got ... toys. 14. Is there ... tea inthe cup? 15. She has got... rings. 15. How... children have you got? 16. Hurry up! We haven't got ... time. 17. How ;.. butter have we got? 18. Please, write this again. There are too ... mistakes. 19. I can't play tennis now. I've got too ... homework. 20. I can't sleep in this room. There is too ... noise.
'
ven't got ... with me. 6. There isn't ... in the cupboard. 7. This.shopping centre is very big. There are ... . 8. There is ... outside. Let's build a snowrnan.
8. Fill in the gaps with much, many o/ a lot of and one of the words from the list
friends, giraffes, money, snow, time, suitcases, rice l. This sweater dogsn't cost ... . 2. Mairais very popular. She has ... . 3. Do you spend .., studying for exams? 4. How ... are there in the zoo? 5. I hashops,
86
3. How many pets have you got? 4. How much is this T-shirt? 5. How much time do you spend doing your homework? a. Two; a dog and a cat. b. No, not many. c. Not much, about two hours every day.
d. No, I haven't got any. e.
f
15.
10. Answer the questions
with alot, much or many.
l. Have you got any stamps? Yes, a lot. 2. Is there any bread in the cupboard? No, not ... . 3. Have you got anybisouits? No, not .... 4. Have you got any video tapes? Yes, . .. . 5. How many apples do we need for the cake? Not .. . . 6. How much nioney do you need for the weekend? Not ... . 7.,Have you got any sugar? Yes 11,
F|II in few,
...
.
a few,
Iittle or
a
little
l. It's cold. That's why there are very ... children in the park today. 2. She's got ... money. She can buy a new dress. 3. I've got ... apples. I can make an apple pie. 4. I have got ... CDs but a lot of cassettes. 5. I eat very ... meat. I prefer fish. 6. She isn't verypopular. She has... friends. 7.Yery... people can speak Welsh. 8. Put ... p€pper in the soup. 9. I don't lcrow much Spanish only ... words. 10. The village is very small. There are only ". houses' 11. She is lucky. She has Ver/ ;.. problems. 12. There is very ... milk in the fridge. Go to the superm4rket and buy some, please. 13. There are ... lions in the zoo. 14. There is ... milk in the fridge. You can drink some. 15. There is
... snow on the mountains. 1
2. Answer the qaestions with a
little or
i
few, as i1 the example.
l. Do you want some biscuits? Yes, a few. 2. lHave you g9t any toothpaste?' 'Yes, ... .' 3. 'Ate there any car parks near.here?' iYes, ... '' 4.'Have you got any bread?' 'Yes, ... .' 5. 'Are there any students at the meeting?' 'Yes, ... .' 6. 'Do you want some cake?' 'Yes, ... .' 7 .,'Is there any lemonade in the bot87
tle?''Yes, ... .' 8.'Are there any carrots in the basket?''Yes, ..- .' g.'Has he got rrany English books?' 'No, only ... .' 10. 'Have we got much buttefl' .No, only....'
15"
I
13. Choose the cowect ansoer.
l.
Has he gotmany friends?''Yes,
2.
A) a little B) a lot C) much I've got ... free time now. A) very little B) very few C) few
... .'
3. There
are ... pencils in the drawer. Take one. a few C) a little 4. You haven't got ... flowers in your garden this year. A) much B) a lot C) many 5. Put ... chocolate in the cake. A) a little B) a few C) few 6. Jack has got ... comics. He is very fond of them. A) a lot of B) a lot C) few 7. There is ... shampoo. Buy some at the supermarket. A) very few B) a lot of C) very little 8. He hasn't got ... money A) many B) much C) a lot 9. He's got ... sweets in his pocket. A) little B) a few C) a little 10. There aren't ... good hotels in this town. A) much B) a lot C) many I l. Have you got ... money in the bank? A) fewB) manyC) much
A)
a
Look at the picture. Ask and answer questions about the picture. De-
scribb the'picture.
1
lot B)
14. Study and practise the conversation below, then, in pairs, act oat a simiIar conversation.
Jill: How many eggs are there in thre fridge, Steve? Steve: A lot. But there aren't any apples and there are only a few tomatoes. Jill: And milk? Howmuch is there? Steve: There's a lot of milk, but there isn't much butter. There isn't any cream and we've got too little ice cream. There's a lot of.orange juice but therc isn't much beer. There are only a few bars of chocolate. And buy somc
{ 1
{
16. Translate into English 1. B ayauropulr ABeHaArIarb cryrbeB. 2. B sarueM caAy MHoro ueeros? 3. B tlro BVcLrr Ha creHe? 5. Crolrro xovrHar B KBaprupe Baruer Aovepu? Tpu. 6. B erou pafione ecrb 6u6nr4oreKa? ,{a, ecru. 7. B xnacce ecrb Aocra? - Her. 8. B naruefi rpynne 12 utru 14 cryAenros? 9. B rnacurofi rolruare 4 crola u 7 crynbeB. 10. B xopo6xe ecrb naen? -,{a, ecrr. 11. Ha croJre Mnoro rute6a? -,{a, uuoro.12. B BarueM ) reGHuKe MHoro KaprI{HoK? - Tonmo HecKoJIbKo. 13. B rorraHare ecrE TeJIe-
eroft ropo6re nexar KapaHAarurr. 4.
nu:op? - Her. 14. I{ro HixoAr{rc{ noA crororra?'- Talr 6omruoft srqur. 15. Cxoruxo oKoH B naurefi xoruHare? 16. Cxorirxo qrLq B uaKere? 17. B qarrrKe HeMHoro 'rafl. 17. B qaruxe Mzuro qur. 19. B qaurre Mrioro sas. 20. B qarrKe Her qtu.
2l.Ha
rtucbMeHHoM croJre KHr4ru. 22.Ha uracbMeHHoM croJre
MHoro xsnr. 23. Ha nucrrvrenHoM croJre HecKoJrbKo xsur. 24. Ha nzcruenHoM croJle
ecrr
rcrurr,r? 25.Ha nucbMeHHoM croJle Her KHItr.
biscuits, please, and some of that lovely chocolate cake.
88
89
I love my house because it makes me feel safe and relaxed. After all, there is no place like home. b) Ask and snswer questions about Steve's house.
3. Use the information in the table below to complete Terry's letter to his friend, Brian.
Grammar: There is/There are Topic: House. Flat (2)
Type
ofplace:
Where: Size:
Part A 1; a) Read.about Tom's house.
Inside the
flat:
| flat I in the centre of Banbury I bie | five rooms - two small bedrooms
(each with
Text 1: My House Tom: I live in a house near the sea. It's an old house, about 100 years old, and it's very small. There are two bedrooms upstairs but no bathroom' The bathroom is downstairs next to the kitchen and there's a living room where there's a lovely old fireplace. There's a garden in front ofthe house. The garden goes down to the beach and in spring and summer there are flowers ever5nvhere. I live alone with my dog, Boxer, but we have a lot of visitors. My city friends often stay with me.
Feelings:
{
I love my house for many reasons: the garden, the flowers in summer, the fire in winter, but the best thing is the view from my bedroom window' b) Answer the questions.
the house old or new? 3. Is it large or small? 4' What's there upstairs? 5. Where is the bathroom? 6. What else is there downstairs? 7. Has Tom got a garden? 8. What is it like? 9. Does Tom live alone? iO. Wtrat does Tom love the house for?
l. Where does Tom live? 2.Is
2. a) Read about Steve's house.
My family and I live in a pretty
house near the centre Brighton is a lovely city on the south coast of England.
big
5ffiffi"*;;;; It's a great Rachel and
I are having a house-warming parly next weekend. Lots of people are coming, so please try and come too. Hope to see you soon.
Best wishes,
Terry
Text 3: A House in the Country
of Brighton.
My house is quite big and it is in a very nice area. There are seven rooms in it. Upstairs, there are two bedrooms and a bathroom. My bedroom is quite big and it has got a comfortable single bed and lots of posters on the walls. Downstairs, there is a big kitchen, a spacious living-room, a study and a small bathroom. My favowite room is the study because there is a big bookcase with lots of books there. Outside our house, there is a garage for my parents' car and a huge garden with lots of trees and flowers' 90
a
4. a) Read about Susan and Harry's house.
Text 2: There's No Place Like Home Steve:
garage a great flat - small but comfortable; home is where the heart is
Dear Brian, At last, Rachel and I are in our new hcime and we're very happy with it.
It's
{
I I
Susan: I live in a big house in the country with my husband, Harry. The house has got four bedrooms and a big garden. We've got two children and three cats - thcy love the garden. They play in it every day. And we've got a garage I haven't got a car, but my husband has. I'm an artist and I work at home. I use on€ of the bedrooms. I've got a big terrace. I can sit on the terrace in the summer and paint the garden - it's lovely. Harry's a computer programmer. He's got three computers. Actually, he's got lots of electronic things in the house. He's got a digital camera and he makes DVDs. In fact we've got forty DVDs now. In the evenings we eat dinner in the kitchen'we haven't got a
9t
you got a telephone in your flal.l. 23.Is there a lift in the building? 24. Is there a chute, too? 25. Do you like your flat? 26. What is your neighbourhood like? 27. What sort of people live in your neighbowhood? 28. Are there any shops there? 29. Is there good fansportation nearby? 30. What do you like most about the neighbourhood? Is there anything you don't like about it? 3 l. Have you got a house in the country? 32. How big is it? 33. Has the house got all modern conveniences? 34. Is there a garage? 35. Do you like it there? Is there anything you don't like about it?
b) Ask and answer questions ahout Susan and Harry's house
5. Complete the text with the words from the
mine his
hers
ours
list
Use each word once only.
yours
theirs
I live in a large aparhnent with my sister. It belongs to our parents. The furniture doesn't belong to me and my sister - it's ..., too. But the television and music system are ... - we bought them together last year. We've both got mobile phones: :.. is a Nokia and my sister's is a Motorola. We use them a lot, but ... isn't very good because it hasn't got a camera. My phone's got a camera and it plays MP3s! My sister's boyfriend's got a really good phone. He can use ... when he travels because it works in lots of different countries. Have you got a mobile phone? Qan you use ... in different countries? 6, a) Read about Silvio and Ana's new neighborhood.
Text 4: Silvio and Ana Costa's New Neighborhood
Silvio and Ana have a new aparfinent in a wonderful neighborhood. Their aparunent building is on Etn Steet. It is across from a park. They are happy there.
There are a supermarket, a drugstore, a post office, a banlq a movie theatre, and a police station near their aparfinent building. The drugstore is on Washington Street. It's between the post oflice and the police station. The movie theate is on Washington Street. It's across from the bank. The supermarketis on Park Avenue. There are a library and a hospital in their neighborhood, too. The hospital is on the corner of Ridge Avenue and Elm Street. It's next to the library.
'
8. Translate into English.
A xany B ropoAe Mnncre. .f xovy cKa3arb BaM HecKoJrbKo cJroB o
9. Speak about a)
b) Ask and answer questions aboat Silvio and Ana's new neighborhood. 7.
b) your neighbourhood.
Gonversation Practice
l.
92
your house[Iat;
Part B
Answer the questions
Do you live in a flat? 2. On what floor is your flat? 3. Is it large or small? 4. How many rooms are there in your flat? 5. Is it in a new block of flats? 6. Is it in a new residential area or in the centre of the city? 7. Is it well furnished? 8. What is your living room like? 9. What furniture is there in the living room? 10. Are there any pictures on the walls? I l. Is there a carpet on the floor? 12. How many windows are there in the living room? 13. Is your living room comfortable? 14. How big is your bedroom? 15. Is there much furniture in it? 16. Have you got a separate room? 17. Is it a study? 18. What is the kitchen like? 19. Is there an electrib or a gas stove in the kitchen? 20. Is your kitchen convenient? 20. What is your favourite room? Whf 22. Have
cBoeM
ropoAe. Mne oqenr HpaBr{rcr Muucx. Yruqrr B ropoAe ruupoKr{e }r qucr6re. fopo4 seneHrrfi, ecrf, HecKonlxo 6omunx KpaclrBbrx napKoB, rAe Mbr Jrro6r.lu or4oxHyu. -f, xuny B crapoM ,[oMe B ueHTpe. V uac rpn KoMHarbr, KyxH\, BaHHafl n 4na 6alrona. locrr4Har 6olrrua.s H cBerJrru. Y creurr crour urxaQ u 6orsurofi Ar.rBaH. Harpornn naaneurxrfi croJu.IK rr ABa Kpecna. B yrJry cronr reneBr,r3op. Ha orurax y Hac 3aHaBecKIr, a Ha floJry ronep. Haua c[aJrbHr se6oruuas. B ueft ABe KpoBarlr u HecKoJIbKo crynbeB. CreHrr s c[arrbHe po3oBbre. V MeHr ecrr csofi xa6nnet. Ou raxxe ne6oruruofi. B ueu crour rrrlcbMegnrtfi cror. Ha HeM KoMnbrorep, -f ruo6rno pa6orarr Ha KoMrrbrorepe. HnorAa f, r,Irpan B KoMnbrcrepHbre rrrpbr. Haura xyxu.r 6ortrua.s H yAo6Haa, r,r Mbr rrcrroJrb3yeM ee B KaqecrBe (as) croronofi. B ryxHe Ha xoJloAruIbHHKe y Hac ManeHrrnfi rereerrcop, r,r Mor MaMa cMorpllT ero, KorAa roToBnr nJru Moer nocyAy. Taxxe y Hac Ha qn(He ecrb 4na ruxaQa, croJl c rleTbIpbMr cryJlbtMl,t, xoJtoAl4nblrllK, MLtKpoBoJtHoBat nerrb U nocyAoMoeqHuul MaruHHa. Mne oqegr HpaBlrrcr roroBlrrb na uarueft KyxHe. Harua nanHas 6oluuar. Crenrt n saHHoft rorry6ue. B nefi urt AepxIrM HaIIry crrpanhr{yrc Marur,rHy. .fI o.{eHr AoBoJrbHa ceoefi xnaprupofi .
Study and practise the conversations below. Do the exercises thatfollow lhe conversations.
A Studio Apartment Amanda: .
Pete:
.So,
where do you live, Pete? Have you got your owrr house? No, I haven't. I've got a modem sb.rdio apartnentin the celrtne of town
93
Amanda: Has it got a garden? ,,6..1 Pete: No, it hasn't got a garden, but it,s got a small terraoc, ,t,r Amanda: Is there a kitchen in the apartment? Pete: No, there isn't but there's a kitchen area with a fridge, n cooker ahd a sink. But I haven't got a microwave. Amanda: What about furniture? Pete: I've got a coffee table, and there are two chairs. And I've got a beautiful sofa - I love that sofa. I use it all the time. I eat my meals tl.rere because I haven't got a dining table! Amanda: Is there a TV? Pete: Yes, of course, And I've got a music system. Amanda: Have you got a computer? , :: Pete: Yes, I've got a laptop computer - I use the Internet a lot. Amanda: And have you got a mobile phone?
Pete:
B. Read the conversation below and
tlal
B. fnpairs, ask each other questions aboutyoarflat/house.
in the questions.
How many rooms has it got? Where is it? When can I see it? What's it like? Is there a garden? How much is it?
Hello. Is that Ms Powers? Yes. Who's speaking?
I'm Tony Black. I want to rent your house. It's on the other side of town, in Silverdale Drive.
....''....? It's
a
i;;;
;;ry;s;it;;;;;;,h
Yes, I have.
A. Imagine you are Pete. Speak about your
jlll
big house, actually and it's not very expensive.
That'sagreatprice.
'
?
..................?
There are two bedrooms, a bathroom, a living room, a dfuing room,
a
kitchen and a garage. Renting a Flat
A: B: A:
Bi A: B:
A: B:
Good morning. can you give me some information Sbout the aparlnent on Chandos Road? Yes, of course. It's a very nice, big apartrnent. There are three bedrooms, ... Is there a bathroom with each bedroom? No, there isn't. The main bedroom has got a bathroom, and then there is one other bathroom in the apartment. OK. Is the kitchen big? Yes, it is, and it's got a lot of equipment. What about the dining room? Ah, well, there isn't a dining room. But there is a large living room with a
dining area.
A: I know there's a garden but are there any terraces? B: No, there aren't, I'm afraid. A: And finally, is there a garage? B: Yes, there's a garage at the front of the house. A. Speak about the spartment on Chandos Road.
94
'.'...'..'....''..?,
Yes, there is a small garden at the front of the house and a larger gardan at the back. It's lovely.
A It
sounds
perfect.
......................?
B How about Saturday afternoon? A Great. I'll see you then. C. Study the advertisements below and in pairs, act out two conversations on the topic 'Buying / Renting a Flat'.
. For Sale f370,000 Address: I l, Hawk's Lane, Canterbury This lovely house is half a mile from the ci,ty centre, and is near the shops and the main road. It is quite expensive, but it is very large. Upstairs, there are three bedrooms, each with a wardrobe and a bathroom. There is also a study with a big bookcase. Downstairs, there is a small bathroom with a shower and a toilet, a huge kitchen, a dining room and a spacious living room with a fireplace. The house has also got a beautiful garden and a swimming pool.
. For Rent €180/month Address: 6, Shell Street, Canterbury This attractive flat is in a quiet street near the city centre. It is rather small, but it is in a very pleasant area. It is also very cheap. It has got a pretty bedroom, a bathroom with a shower and a toilet, a modern kitchen with a cooker, 95
a dishwasher and a fridge, and a comfortable living room. The flat has also got a big balcony with a wonderful view. There is a large gal^age behind the building.
Unit 10
Final Discussion
Grammar: The indelinite pronouns all, both, either, neither, none. Compounds oI some, any, no, every. Gerunll
1. Give your idea of an ideal flat/house for yourself,
2. You've moved to a new Jlat in a suburb. Advise your friend to move to this district Speak infavour of the place. 3. TelI your classmates what your office/school is like-
Topic: Family. tr'riends. Relatives. Appearance. Character "
Part A 1. a) Read obout Srewart Jones.
4. You prefer to huve a nice Jlat in the centre ofthe cily, your friend prefets a house in the country. Give teasonslor and against each variant
5. Imagine you've got a new flat friends' questions about the flat
Ifs a dream of a flat
Answer your
6. You wunt to rent 4 counnt cottage for your family. Phone the landlady and ask her all possible questions. She may want to ask you as well. 7. Comment on the proverbs.
There is no place like home. East, west, home is best. Home is where the heart is. My house is my castle. Men make houses, women make homes.
Text 1: Stewaft Jones Stewart Jones is twenty-nine years old. He is a policeman. He lives in Dover, in the south-east ofEngland.
Stewart lives in a small, comfortable flat with his wife, Jessica and their son, Jason. Jessica is twenty-eight years old. She is a vet. Jason is seven years old. He goes to school every day from 9 am to 3:30 pm. Stewart is goodJooking. He is tall and well-built with short brown hair and broum eyes. Everybody likes him because he is a kind man and a very loving father.
In his free time Stewart likes playing basketball. He doesn't llks
u/atehing
TV. He thinks it is boring. b) Correctthi sentences
I
to
7.
l.
Stewart is a vet.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Stewart is a policeman. Stewart lives in Dover, in the north-east of England. Stewart lives on a farm with his wife Sally and his brother Tom. Stewart has long brown hair and green eyes. Stewart is a rude man and a very bad father. Stewart likes playing football. Stewart doesn't like going to the theatre.
c) Ask and
anster questions about Stewart Jones and hisfamily.
d) Imagine you are Stewafi Jones. Speak about your family. Give additional information. 4 3ar. 2510
96
e7/
5. Complete the sientences using everybody' everyone, everything
2. Use the information in the table below to talk about BiIL
I
Age:40 Occupation: pilot Lives: Bristol, west coast of England House: large house
Family members: wife - f'oily/nurse; daughter - Lisa/student at University of Bristol Appearance: tall, slim, curly faii hair, blue eyes Character: plpasant, patient Likes: reading, travelling Doesn't like: goirrg frshing - too boring
3. First, Iook at the key, then we
the prompts to write sentences, qs
't
knows Tom. 5. FIe follows me ... . 6. ... is good in its season. 7. I know .:. here. 8. ... in the capital is now quiet. 9. Is ... here? 10. ... is tired. ll. You can b-ny this book ... . 12. Please tell me ... about it. 13. ... knows about the meeting, don't the/ 14. ... comes to him who waits. 15. Does ... know about the change? 16. My family means ... to me. 17. Not ... can understand it. 18. He thinks he knows . . . . 6.
in the
@ love @ like
not like hate
Perry@/ going shopping. Perry likes going shopping.
2. Terry @/ listening to classical musio. 3. We @/going to the cinema. 4. Adam and Kelly @/exercising. 5. She @/going on picnics. 6. They @/cleaning the house. 7. I @/travelling. 8. George @/playing computer games. 9. I @/doing the washing-up.
Fill in L, I\ ot the il
7.
uitlr somebody/someone, anybody/anyonei nobody/no
llrite quesfions and negatives,
as
in the uample.
e.g. H€ has got something in his hand. Has he got anything inhis hand? He hasn't got anything in his hand. He's got nothi:rg in his hand.
necessary.
Jim is from ... Scotland. He's got... two brothers and ... sister. They live with their mother and father in ... big house in ... countrysidd. lim has lots of hobbies. He likes ... football and he plays ... guitar. He has ... red bicycle. Every day he takes his dog for ... walk in ... park. His dog's name is .. . Spot.
98
the gaps
l. 'Is there ... behhd the door?' 'No, I think there's ... there.' 2. Is there ... interesting in this magazine? 3. Give me ... to read, please. 4. Can you hear .,. ? 5. ... can answer this question. 6. 'Where's'the book?' 'It's on the table.' 'No, there's ... there.' 7. Has ... in the group got a dictionary? 8. I don't like this caf6. I want to go ;.. else. 9. Is there a departnent store '.. near here? 10. Have you got ... to tell me? 11. Peter has ..' in his box. 12. ... is calling me. I don't know who it is. 13. We aren't going ... this summer. 14. 'Where is the pen?' 'It is,,.. in this drawer.' 15. I'm going to the shop. Do you want ... ? 16. I don't know... about French history. 17. ... can help him now. 18.Hello! Is there ... athome? 19. 'Is there ... inyour suitcase?' lNo, it's empty.' 20. Is he reading ... nov/? 21.I live alone. ... lives with me.22.lt'sa secret. Don't tell ... . 23. You can't go ... tonight. You must study. 24. I can't find Tom. He is ... . 25. I waut to buy ... for my sister. 26' ' ' '. is talking to Jirn' 'Ye1 it'smymum.' 27.I'mlooking for '.. in this box, but I can't find it.
l0.Rebecca @/fishing. 11. He @/walking in the park. l2.David and Anna 6/waking up early. 4.
Fill in
one, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere
example.
l.
eve-
. rywhere l. ... is her€, aren't thell 2. Money isn't ... . 3. There are books ... . {:. .'.
Name: Bill Brown
@
ot
l.
She has got something in her bag. 2. There is somebody in ihe garden. 3. He wants something else. 4. The iog is somewhere in the house. 5. There is something on the table. 6. I can see someone in the garden. 7. I want to go somewhere tonight.
99
8. Translate into English.
i4^
l. B croronofi ecrr rro-Hn6yAu? 2. Axouy ryga-ur,l6yAr noexarb na sltflnuc KaHlKynEr. 3. Tav ecrb xro-ro. 4. Tanr HLrKoro Her. 5, flo4 rponarrrc ecrb vro-nz6y4r?. H€T, raM Hr,rqero ner. 6. IIoA cronou rrro-To ecrr. 7..Kronn6yar 3Haer aApec Harrrero yuurent? 8. AnHa xnBer rAe-ro B gToM pafioue. 9. Mofi 6par xouer MHe qro-ro paccra3arb. 10. Huxro o6 sroM Hr{qero He gnaer. I l. Os rAe-ro B ca.uy. 12. X suxoro He 3Haro B oroM ropoAe. 13. B roff KoMHare Kro-To ecrb. 14. Kro-Hu6yAb xoqer rrocMorperl relenurop? 15. Kyla rrr nqeurr? - Huryaa. 16. [aftre MHe, floxarD/ficra, vro-nn6yar " noecu. 17: fluureyla He xoqy r,rArr.r ceroAHr BeqepoM. 18. B eroil crarbe ecrrrro-Hr.r6yAb nHTepecnoe? 19. B uoeE cyMre Hr.rqero se'r. 20. Ilocrry-
urail! Kro-ro
pa3roBapr.rBaer
s coce.[Hefi KoMHare.2l..f urqero He noHH-
Maro: O6btcHlrre lrne Bc€, noxaryficra. 22. Bce 3Aecb, He rar an? 23. Besne no4a.24. Paccxaxure LrHe sc€ o6 sroM, noxanryficra. 25.Bce xorrrnoexarb 3a ropoA.
9. d) Read about the twin brothers, Tim and Tom.
Text 2: My Brothers
10. Rephrase the sentences using
avetb and an adverb'
e.g. He is a good writer' He writes
as
in the *ample'
well'
\
' He is a careful driver' 6' Paula is a beautiful
1: She i 4. They dancer.
ll.Sndyandpractise"theseelcamples.Notethepositionofboth'andall.
Both (my) sisters live in London. 3. They tan both sing well. Both of them can sing well' people B. l. All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses. 2. All the my are them of All ir, ,fr" ,oorn are my relatives. They are all my relatives' relatives. All my relatives are my friends' 2.They all like sweets. All of them like sweets' 3. You can all come onFriday moming'
many ways as possible' 12. Rephrase the sentences zsing both and atll in as
I have twin brothers, Tim and Tom. They are very similar and a lot of people don't know which is which. They both have blond hair and blue eyes, and they always wgar jeans and T-shirts.
They like doing the same things, too. For example, they both like jazz and they're crazy about football. They go to a football match once a week. Tim doesn't like dancing or discos and Tom doesn't like them, either. Although they're twins, they're not exactly the same at everything. Tim works hard at school because he wants to go to university, but Tom is a bit lazy.
Our mother is often away from home because of her job, so we all work together in the house. Most of the time it's hne, but sometimes we fight a bit!
(Ise 13. Comptete the sentences.
the words in bracke8 {some/mos$ erc'l'
Sometimes you need of (some of/most oI, etc')' PeoPle like Jack' (most) Most PeoPle like Jack
e'g. ..'
... this money is Yours' (some) Some of this money is Yours'
b) Answer the questions.
l. What are the twins' names? 2. What do they look like? 3. What are their likes and dislikes? 4. Which of ttre boys rtotks hard at school? 5. Why is the boys' mother often away from home? 6. Do the boys get along well? c) Speak about the twin brothers, Tim and Tom.
100
101
16.
Iriil h
the gaps with too or either.
l. Peter can't go and I can't go ... . 2. CanI come with you .., ? 3. He doesn't call us and he doesn't call his sister ... . 4. t like boxing and John likes boxing .., . 5, I don't know his ad
e.g. Rick/football Ribk is crazy about football. 1. John/hockey; 2. They/fishing; 3. Kate/dancing; 4.
My father/boxing 5. She/
music;6. She/him 18. Use the following adjectives to say what you like and don't like giving reasons, as in the example.
(some) 34. I don't go out very often. I'm at home ...days. (most)
'14.
Translate into English.
l.
Heroroprre lrg Hac He yMercr [.rraBarb. 2. Heroropue r.r3 grr.rx crarefi oqeHb r'rHTepecHbre. 3. Kro-uu6yar r.r3 TBorD( ApFer Moxer nolro'Ib re6e? 4.
Y Mens ana 6para. Hnrro lr3 Hr.D(
He Kypr{T. 5. Hr,r oguH rm Morlrx poAcr-
no-rrarrbrHcxn. 6. Hurro n3 Hac He sHabr o6 sroM. 7. Huroro rrs cryAeHToB Her B ayAr.tropr{H. 8. Kaxaufi. wJ :arD(. Moxsr noMoqb BaM. 9. MIIe He rryxHa Hn oAHa r,r3 srlrx rlrur. 10. Hexoroprre u3 MarrEBerrHr'rKoB He roBopr.rr
qr{xoB
xorrr r{cKynarbcr. I L Mse
Hr{Kro r,rs aKTepoB He HpaBr.rrcr. 12. Hexo-
TOPbIC JIrcAN 3HArcT HECKONbKO I{HOCTPAHHbIX
13. MrrOrrE JITAIi
HE
'3bIKOB. ruioqpaHHhx r3blxoB. 14. EolrruuncrBo H3 errx yre6uurou sa axrrraficxorrl rguxe. 15. Heroropbre Bllrbr cnopra or{eHs onacHbl. 16. EonrunHcrBy AeByrueK rrpaBrrcr raHq6r. 17. Bce rIBErrr Kpacr{Bhre.
3HZlrOT HUKaXIIX
18. Bce uBerbr B 3roM caAy Kpacr{Bhre. 15. Use a
bit instead of a little e.g. Wait a little! Wait a bit!
l. I'm a little nervous. 2. Think a little
before answering: 3. These shoes are a little too big forme. 4. canyou rnove up a little? 5. He is a little shy. 6. 'Are you tired? ' 'Yes, I am a little.' 7. He speaks German a little. g. I'm sorry. I'm a little late. 9. I'm a little angry.
t02
difficult, fantastic, easy, boring, delicious, relaxing, interesting e.g. I don't like watching TV because it's boring. I like eating pizzas because they are delicious. 19. Translate into English.
l. On npocto [oMeuIaH ua pn6anre. 2.O:aa He Moxer npulrrrr ug-sa csoefi 6oresHfi. 3. Errly HpaBlmct pacc(mtHBarb I{cropI{H. 4. A ne ruo6mo y6rparr B KBaprlrpe. 5. On mo6ur roroBrlrb . 6. O6a 6para nsytalor arrnnficrr'rfi rgrrr. 7. OHu o6e crIacrJILIBbI. 8. Mne HpaBtrct o6a rurats. 9' Y nac o6olo< ecrr xo66n. 10. O6e MoI{ cecrpbl xtmyr sUlTatruu. ll. OHIa o6e s orbesAe12. Bu o6a pd6oraere s oAHofi xoMnaHlIH, He rAK nu? 13. Mu o6a yMeeM
roBoprlTb no-HeMeIIKI{. 14. O6e AeBoqKI,I MHoro quralor. 15; Mrr o6a lro6nrra nyTerrrecrBoBarr. 16. Bce cryAeuru cefi'Iac Ha KaHI{Kynax 17' Bce MoH Apysrr nro6rr My3bIKy. 18. Te6e HpaBtrct Bce erl raprul+r? 19. Bce cry.(eHrrl Haxo.{rrct B ayAl,Iropnr Ng28. 20. BceM ualrquKaM HpaBlrrct urparb B Qyr6on u onu firpalor raxArrft Aenr. 21. Bc€ n nopr4re.22. Bce s4ecr, He raK lu? 23. Bce saH.rrrt. 24. Bce o6 erou 3Halor. 25. He nce o6 sroM 3Halor. 26.Mst Bce ycraIln. 27.}Jaw ropoA KPac[Brrfi. Jlerou 3AecE noBclory uBe-
rrr. 28. I{ro rrt
HocHuIb sur,aofi? 29. OI1ia KpacltBo raHlryer. 30. Ott HecKoJrE-
3BoHInT HaM, TaK rax Ceft.IaC OH CI{nbHO 3aIUIT. pognrelefi lprr piBa B Mectu' 33' oua xorler crarb )Allt32. Mrr HaBeIqaeM pa6oraer IIIKoJIe. 34. On cJIerKa ono3A:IJI. 35. Ou seB relrHnqefi LI MHoro KO 3aCTeIIrI[B.
31, On peAKO
MHoro roBoplar no-aurnnfcxra. 36.
fl
seuuoro nporoJloAzlJlct.
103
2 0.
Answer
the
b) Ask and answer questions about Tony'sfamily.
following qaestions.
l.
How old are you? 2- What do you do? 3. Where do you work? 4. Is your work interesting? 5. Are you married? 6. Is your family large? 7. What is your wife's (husband's) name? 8. What does she (he) do? 9. Is she (he) fond of her/his work? 10. What does your wife (husband) look like? ll. What is she (he) like? Has she (he) got a good character? 12. What are her (his) likes and dislikes? 13. Have you got any children? 14. What is your son's (daughter's) name? 15. How old is he (she)? 16. What does your son (daughter) look like? 17- What is each of them like? 18. What form-is your son (daughter) in? 19. Is your son (daughter) fon{ of reading? 20. Does he (she) read a lot? 21. What is his (her) hobby? 22.Ishe (she) keen on sports? 23. What sports does he (she) like? 24. Is your son (daughter) sociable? 25. Has he (she) got many friends? 26. Who are the/ 2'l.Do you like his (her) friends? 28. Do you think they are the right friends for your son (daughter)? 29. Do you spend much time with your famil)4 30. Have you got a brother or a sister? 31. How old is he (she)? 32. Where does he (she) live? 33. What does he (she) do? 34. What does he (she) look like? 35. Is your brother (sister) married? 36- Does your brother (sister) often visit you? 37. What do your parents do? 38. Where do they live? .39. What do they look like? 40. In what way do your parents help you? 41. Do you help your parents?
21. a) Read the letter below. Text 3: A Lefter Dear Jane,
Hello! My name is Tony Wilson and I am your new penfriend. I am thirteen years old and I live in Liverpool in England. There are five of us in our family. My father, John, is an artist. He's a very clever person and he's very kind. My mother, Elaine, is very beautiful. She is tall and slim with long straight hair and blue eyes. My brother, Martin, is sixteen years old. He is tall with brown hair and blue eyes. He's quite lazy.My sister, Karen, is fifteen years old. She's short with green eyes. She is a bit bossy. I like tennis but I don't like basketball. My favourite subject is Geography but I don't like Chemistry because it's difficult. I love pop music but I don't like opera. I like dogs but I don't like cats. My dog's name is Pluto. My favourite singer is Elton John and my favourite actress is Melanie Griffrth. They are fantastic! Well, that's all about me. Please write soon and tell me about your family. Best wishes,
Tony
104
c) Speak about
Tony'sfamily.
22. Use the words in the list to write the opposites of the phrases below. small, short, foir, thin, curly, l. tall boy: shortboy 2. slim girl: 3. long hair: 4. straight hair: 5. dark hair = 6. tull
fat
lips:
7. big nose: 8. big eyes: Now use some of these phrases to describe your partner.
Ted is tall and slim. He's got short dark hair and thin lips. He's got ..;
.
23. Read the following descriptions and use them to describe your friends
::';^{:?*rr
and irr her early rwenties. She's got an oval face, long btack curly hair and a small nose. Her eyes are brown. 2. Ian is frfty-two years old. He is middle-aged. He is of medium height and he is fat. He has got grey straight hair, a beard and a moustache. He has got a large nose and full lips. 3. Mike's tall, well-built and middle-aged with a square face. His mouth is wide, and his nose is rather big. He has large dark brown eyes and short grey hair. 4. Sally's short and plump. She's in her late sixties. She's got a square face, shoulder-length wavy grey hair and awide mouth. Her eyes are green. 24. Choose wordsfrom the tablp and describe your classmates. general appearance:
handsome, good-looking, prettyr, athactive, beauti-
fuI, plain, ugly
age:
.(
young, middle-age4 ol4 inhis earlylmid-/late thirties
build:
tall, short, of medium height fat, plump, well-built, slim, thin, of mediumbuild
eyes:
green, blue, grey, big, small
hair:
short. lone. waw. curlv. staiehl fair. lisht/daftbrown beard, moustache, glasses, broad shoulders, full lips,
heieht:
other features:
friendly smile, dark/light compldxiofl, bald, -wrinkles, freckles 105
E. V uenr MHoro Appefi. OAr.lH lrs Hn< Buxrop. Ero Qauunrr I,IsaHoa. Ou uofi lyruufi lpyr. Mu xr{BeM HeAarrero Apyr or Apyra. Mbr xoAr{M s oAHy uxony n cr.rArlM :a oAnofi uaprofi. Bulcrop srrcoxrtft MaJrbrrr{K. Y.nero vepHbIe BoJrochr, 6olrurue reunrrb rJra3a, npf,Moil uoc u roHKI{e ry6u. OH xoporunfi qapeHb. OH o.reur qecruufi u 4o6pufi. A euy AoBeprK,. Burrop ynJlexaercr xv:aueft u xoqer royrrft xr.rMlrro B yHuBepclrrere. V'Bnxroila Her cecrep u 6parrer. Hur ero orua Huronafi. On tuxenep. I''Irut ero uausl AHsa. Ona Aor(mp. Ero pogrrren[ 3aMerrarenlnue. Onn BcerAa apyxenro6Hu. Burrop mo6nr cJryruarb My3EtKy, ruraBarl r,r roroBr.rrb..lI qacm [p[xo)Ky K HeMy, r{ oH BcerAa roroBr.rr vro-Hn6yAr BKycHoe. Mu qacro npoBoAr,rM BocKpeceHbr BMecre, Mrr xoAnlra B napK wnunrpae\t B KoMrrbrcTepHbre lrrpbl BMecre rlenufi Aenr. MU rracro cMorpr4l4 Br.rAeo r4nr{ cny[aeMlvryurry. I,InorAa Mhr xoAuu B KuHo nnurerrp nnu [pocro rynreM no qeHtpy ropo4a. Mu Ha caMoM Aene orreHb xopoIune ApFba. 3to tce, qro t xoqy paccxa3arb o
25. Game: Choose one of your classmates The rest of the class ask questions to find out who the person is, as in the example. S1: Is it a male? L: Yes, he is.
52: Is he ...
?
L: No, he isntt. 53: Has he got ...
L:
?
Yes, he has.
54: Is it ... ? Yes, you'rg right, it is ...
L:
26. Match tlie adjectives to thi'eir justiJications. generous shy
kind rude sociable
bossy energetic
it, as
in the example.
likes to be active all the time tells everyone what to do gives a lot to other people doesn't say a lot works hard never stops talking
lazy
hard-working talkative
Do
cBoeM JDArueM Apyre. 2
loves meeting people
,
Study and practise the conversation.
hates working hard
is always ready to help people e.g. Lucy is very shy. She doesn't say a lot.
As ki ng Pe rcon al Quesfions
28. Tranststi into Engtish.
ecrb cno6o[Hoe speMf,, oHa xoAr,rr co MHoft B 6accein, Ho 9To cn) Iaerct Tar rar Mor MaMa oIIeHb 3aHf,Ta ua pa6ore, uana 6a6yruKa ttpucMarpl,IBaer 3a AoMoM, ona roronr.rr Kylu?Tb, a r roMoraro eft Mblr6 rrocy.ry. HnorAa fl xoxy B Mar?:!HH Kynurb npo,ryKTbr. Bevepou r flporynr.rBarocb c co6arofi. flocle yx;una Harua ceMb{ co6npaercr BMecre B 3aJre. Mu pasroBapHBaeM o pa3Hbrx upo6reuax. Mor 6a6yruxa nro6ur noqr.rrarb KHfiry BeqepoM, Mor MaMa [peAnoquraer rrpr{rurrl TenJryro BaHHy. -fl loxycr cnarr Hee
oKoJIO AeCrTI,t,
106
and' relatives.
Gonversation Practice
isn't polite to other people
A. Mesr sonyr Taur. Mue 15 ter. f. ) rycb B rrrKore Nel0. Mor ceMbr He oqeHr 6olrurar. y MeHf, ecrb MaMa, ttatta, 6par n 6a6ytxa. Y uenr rarxe ecrr co6ara. Ero raur Pexc, Euy rpr,r roAa. Mue Hpanurcf, r.rrparb c Hl,rM. Moeuy 6pary 20 ner, ceftuac oH ) {r.rrcr B yHuBepcrrrere. 5, oqeHr lrc6lto cBoero 6para. On BcerAa hoMoraer rrane. Moft oreq fagxyp. OH pa6oraer nrrr Aneil, B HeAeJrK), r.l oH ruo6rr cnoro pa6ory. -f roxe xouy crarb 6auxuporu. Mox MaMa MeHeAxep. Y uee BcerAa unoro pa6orrr u or[uce. Korga y
frie nds
Part B
27. How many people are there in your family? Whst does each person look like? llhat is each person like?
He r{acro.
9. Speak about your family,
f 14
.t I
riit
ifr n
il #,
{
Rita: What do you do, Keiko? Keiko: I'm a lawyer Rita: Really? Tell me about yorrr family. Keiko: Well, I'm married and have two chil&en. Rita: And what does your husband do? Keiko: He has an export business. Rita: Oh, that's interesting. Keiko: And how about you, Riti? Do you have any brothers and sisters? Rita: Yes, I have a brother and a sister. Keiko: Real$ And what do they do? Rita: Well, my brother teaches French, and my sister.drives a taxi. [.eiko: No kidding!
k the missing questions, A: ............
A. FiIl
B: My nmre
.......?
is Linda Richardson,
A: ............ B: I'm
then, in pairs, act out the conversation.
,......?
twertty years old.
t07
A: ............
.......................? B: I'm a student at Bournemouth University. A: ...................,.......: ...,...? B: We live in a big house near the town centre. A: .......................;.... .......? B: There are six of us in our family. A: ............ .......? B: My mother's name is Judy and my father's name is David. A: ...,........ .......? B: My father is a dentist. A: ............ .......? B: He is kind and generous A: ............ .......? B: My mother is a teacher. A: ............ .......? B: She's short and slim with long hair and blue eyes.
A:............
A: ............
Age:
27
Height
178 cm
Weighr 73 kg I
il II
.l t.
Steve Shallow
26 193 cm 79 kg
and two sisters.
.......? sports in my free time.
each other about your families, friends or rcIstives.
FinalDiscussion
I.
,i
and watching TV in my free time.
B: No, I don't like playing fn pairs, ask
f,
.......?
B: I like reading
B.
Name: Bruce Bantock
.......?
B: Yes, I have got one brother
A: ..-.........
2. Look at these four peopl:. Describe their appearancq. IJse your imagina_ tion to speak abouttheir characters, tobs, tikii, etc.
C.omplete ilE tuhle wilh information about advertise me nt for a p e nfrie nd.
rylf,
I
then write an Internet
Name:. Jenny Lane
Age:
Height:
Start with: HellolHi!... Finish with:, Please e-mail me today. /Please, be my e-mail pen pal/Hope to hearfrom you soon.
23 156 cm
Weight: 5l kg .J
i Sylvia Kardoma 22 172 cm 57 kg
108
109
3.
Describe somebody very famous:
a
fiIm/pop star, a politician,
etc.
4.
Find out about your classmqtes: their age, origin, domicile, address, telephone numbgr, likes and dislikes, family' etc. 5. A friend of yours is gefting married. Ask her/him about her/his
ft-
Grammar: Present Continuous and Present Simple
ance/liancee. 6. fmaging you are having a big parly. fntroduce alt the members of your family and yoar relatives to lhe guests. Say what thefu names are, what relation they are to you, what they do, etc. 7. Comment bn
for the future.
Be Going to
Topic: Plans, arrangements, appointments
.
lllustrative Situations
thefollowing itatements.
l. A friend in nepd is a friend
indeed.
Present Continuous (I am doing) with a future meaning
2.l-endyour money and lose your friend.
We use the present continuous wtren we talk about arrangements for the future.
3. Appearances can be deceptive. 4. A man is as old as he feels, and a woman is as old as she lools. 5. The apple never falls far from the tree. 6. The face is the index of the mind, 7. Handsome is as handsome does.
. My parents are buying me a bike for my birttrday. (I'm sure about this.) . I'm going to the doctor's on Friday. (It's fxed. I have an appointment.) . A: Are you doing anything on Saturday? B: I'm having a party. (It's fixed. I've invited my friends.) . A: What are you doing tomorrow?
8. Beauty lies in lover's eyes. 8.
B: I'm staylng at home and studying.
Argue the statements.
I-arye family, quick help. 2. No family is ideal.
Present Simple (l.do) with a future meaning
L.
We use the present simple when we talk about timetables, programmes etc. (for public transport, cinerhas etc.). . My train leaves at 1 1.30, so I need to be at the station by I 1. 15. . What time does the frlm begin this evening? . It's Wednesday tomorrow. /Tomorrow is Wednesday.
if their plans are fixed like a timetable. . I start mynew job on Monday. What time do you finish work tomorrow?
You can use the present simplo to talk about people
But the continuous is more
r.lsrral for personal arrangements. . What time are you meeting Ann tomorrow? (not do you meet)
Compare:
Present Continuous . What time are you arriving? . I'm going to the ciirema this eve: rung.
110
Present Simple . What time does the
train arrive? . The film begins at 8.15 (this evening). 111
Be Going to
Nick Well, no. In a holidaybungalow. What about
you? Are you staying with
your gran'l Sarah: Yes, that's right.
We use be going to: a) for plans and intentions for the (near) future.
. Kate is going to start a computer course. . Bob is going to drive to Manchester tomorrow morning. . We are going to plant some trees in the garden.
.
Sarah is not going to get married yet. . We are not going to play football today. . Are you going to play baqketball tonight? What are you going to do in the summer? When is he going to speak to the boss? Who is going to help him? . You are going to clean the room, aren't you?
2. Looh ut Tom and Heather's diary below. Then, use the present continuous form n say whot theb Mrangemen8 are for this week, as in the example.
Monday Tuesday
Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sundav
b) when there is evidence that something is going to happen in the near future. . It's going to rain. There are dark clouds in ttre sky. . Look at him. He 's going to jump out of the train. Be Going to or Present tonfinuous? . l'6 fpying aparty. (Fixed arrangement) . I'm going to have a party. (Plan/Intention)
. She's bulng a new car tomorrow. (Fixed arrangement) . She's going to buy a new car tomorrow. (Plan/Intention)
Practice
go to the cinema
visit Heather's parents take the car to a mechanic
buyacomputer clean the house have adinnerparty qo on a
e.g. They're going to the cinema on Monday.
3. Robert Hanis is a businessman Look at his secretary's nqtes about his tip to Germany. fn pairs, ask und answer questions using the prompts, as in the example e.g. SA: Is Mr Harris flying at 12 o'clock on Tuesclay? SB: No, he isn't. He's flying at 10 o'clock on Mondaymorning.
MondayDecember l6th fly- 10.00 (morning) meet - Mr Miller - 12.00 have lunch - with Mr Miller - 2.00 TuesdayDecember lTth
1. Study and practise the dialogues. Note the use ofthe present continuous
makeaspeech- 11.00
for thefuture.
give an interview - 3.00 back - 6.00
l.
Susan: Hello, Chris. How are you?
Chris: I'm fine, thanks. Listen ... what are you doing tomorrow evening? Susan: Oh, nothing much. I'm going to church with my parents. Why? Chris: Well, I'm going to a disco in Kingsbury. Do you want to come? Susan: Mmm ... y€s, all right. Are you going by bus? Chris: Yes, I am. Susan: Good!
l. fly ll2.O0l Tuesday? 2. meet Mr Miller ll2.ODlMonday? 3. have hurch with Mr Miller /3.00/ Monday? 4. make a speech /11.00/ Tuesday? 5. give an interview /5.00/ Tuesdaf 6. fly back /6.00/ Tuesday?
2. Sarah: Where are you going for your holiday, Nick? Nick Oh, I'm going to Saint David's ... in Wales. Sarah: Are you going with your parents? Nick: Yes, of course. Sarah: Are you staying in a hotel?
First
tt2
Now write about Mr Harris' plans. Use these words to join your sentences: Then, After that, Finally. Mr Harris is flying to Germany at 10.00 on Monday morning. First, he is meeting After that 113
4.
is planning to go on holiday soon, You ssk her / him his plans. Use the words in brackets to make your questions.
Afriend ofyours
about her
l.
(where
/ I go2) ...Where are you going?
Scotland'
(howlong/gofor?)......... ....... ':' 3. (when / leave?) ................ 4.(go/alone?) 5. (travel lbycar?).:.............. 6. (where I stat'D 2.
,5.
Tendays' Next Friday.
No,withafriend. No,bytrain. In a hotel.
Change thre verbs in brackets into the present continuous.
What (you/do) this evening? 2. I (not/come) to school tomorrow. 3. Tina (go) to Italy next week. 4. (you/have) a party this week? 5. We (not/go) home
I I
,f
l.
Simpson/teach) us this aftemoon? 7. Catherine and George (not/arrive) tomorrow. 8. (John/go) to the football match tomorrow? 9. Ann (not/wor$ on Friday. 10. (you/ leave) this afternoon? 11. I (see) John tonight. 12. What time (you/meet) Ann tomorrow? 12. Alex (get) married next mrcnth. 13. '(you/do) anyttring on Saturday?' 'I (have) a pa$y.' 14. My parents (buy) me a bike for my birthday. 15. I (fly) to Paris tomorow. My plane (leave) at 6 am. 16. 'What (you/do) tomorrow?' 'I (stay) at home and (study).' 17. What (we/eat) this evening? I'm really hun-
on the bus after school. 6. (Mrs
I
{
t
l. .fl ncrpevarocr c upoQeccopoM B rpn qaca. 2. Mu yesxaeM B orrycK qepe3 mtr.(uefi. 3. Tu llrpaerur r Syr6ol n ery cy66ory? 4. 9ro Bbr leJlaere 3aBrpa? - Hnqero oco6enuoro, cr.rAr.rM (stay) gorua. 5. B ery rurrHlrqy r Bctpeqarocb co cBor.rMLI poAcrBeHHr,rKattu. 6. OHr.l He e.q/T B Pury n [oHeAeJIbHlrK. 7. Moit 6par xennrcr n cenrr6pe. 8. Bu nqere BerrepoM B pecropar ulu ner? 9. Osa o6eAaer 3aBrpa BeqepoM y flerponnx. 10. Mu nepee3xaeM Ha HoByn roaprffpy Ha cneAyrouefi seAele. 11. Kyaa Bbr eAere ranrpa? - Mu eAeM B Puu. 12. Tsl ceroAH.[ BeqepoM Bcrpeqaerubcr c Pnrofi, He rax au? ,{a, usr HAeM B rearp. 13. floesA ornpaBJrrercf, B rurrb qacoB Beqepa.
I'm not doing anything
I
'..
or
this evening. 2. (tomorrow morning) I ......"...'... 3. (tomorrow evening) 4. (next Sunday) 5. (choose another day or time) .... "..'
Put the verb into the more suitable form, present continuous or present
simple.
l. I
(go) to the cinema this evening. 2. (the fikn / begin)rat 3.30'or 4.30? 3. We (have) a party next Saturday. Would you'like to come? 4' The art exhibition (frnish) on 3 May. 5. I (not / go) out this evening. I (staD at home. 6. '(you / do) anyttring tomorrow morning?' 'No, I'm free. Why?' 7' We (go)
Korla
ornpaBJr-rrercs
cauoler?
15. Korga Haqr.rHaercr Qr.urrrr,r?
9. Sndy and practise the dialogues Note the use of the construction be going
l.
{
7.
E. Translate into English.
to
Plansfor the Weekend
6. Have you arranged to do anything at these times? llrite sentences about yourself.
(tlris evening) ...1'm going out lhis evening'
13. Sue (come) to see us tomorrow. She (travel) by train and her train (anive) at 10.15.
14.
w. 1.
byt, 9. Excuse me. What time (this tain/get) to London? 10. Helen,I (go) to tho eupermarket. (you / came) with me? ll. I'm bored with this programme. What time (it / end)? 12. I (not / use) the car ftis 6ysning, so you can have it.
,i
i
t
It's Friday afternoon, and all the employees at the Acme Inswance Company are thinking about their plans for the weekend. Doris is going to plant flowers in her yard. Michael is going to paint his house. Tom and Jane are going to go to the beach. Peter is goingto play baseball with his children: Rita is going to go camping in the mountains. Karen and her friends are going to have a picnic. Unfornrnately, the employees at the Acme Insurance Company are going to be very disappointed. According to the radio, it's going to rain cats and dogs all weekend.
2. A: What are you going to do tomorrow? B: I don't know. I want to have a picnic,
but
I think the weather is going
to be bad.
A: Reall/ What's the forecast? B: The radio says it's going to rain. A: That's sfange! According to the newspaper, it's going to be nice. B: I hope you'ie right. I really want to have a picnic.
to a concert tonight. It (start) at 7.30. 8. I (leave) now. I've come to say good-
tL4
1ls
10.
Look at the Talilors'family diary for next week, In pairs, ask qnd an-
swer questions using the prompts, as in the
e.g. SA: Are Eric
*ample.
and Rose going to wash the car on Sunday?
SB: Yes, they are.
Sunday Monday Tuesday
walkhome
visit friends
do some exercise listen to music do your homework watch a film clean your house
14. Ask aII possible questions about the
following statements.
drive home go shopping have a snack
Eric and Rose - wash the car Mrs Taylor - visit her mum Mr and Mrs Taylor - play tennis
Wednesday Eric - study for
an exam Rose - tidv her room
l. Our teacher is going to give us a test tomorrow 2. He is going to study engineering in France. 3. They are going to learn to drive. 4. Helen is going to start a computer couae in autumn.
Eric and Rose/wash the carlSwrda/ 2. Mrs Taylor/visit her murlluesda/ 3. Mr 2rnd Mrs Taylor/play tennis/Tuesday? 4. Eric/study for an exam/Thursday? 1.
15. Ask your friend about his/her plans end/nextweek Use going to.
5. Rose/tidy her room/Thursday? 11. Complete each sentence. Use goingto qnd the verb
l. (you/bry)
13. Use the list of word combinations below to make sentenies about whst you are and,aren't going to do after youftnish worHschool today.
in brackets
bike? 2. Tom (not/be) a doctor. 3. I (buy) sorne new shoes. 4. (HelerVcatch) the train? 5. Who (carry) the shopping for me? 6. Jim and Dinah (not/get) married. 7. Sam (take) a holiday. 8. What time (you/phone) me? 9. Where (we/eat) tonight? 10. I (noVgive) Dave a birthday present. 11. Caretul! You (fall)! 12. What (you/do) in the summer? 13. There is a lot to do. (anyone/help) you? 14. We've got an a'ppoinhne.nt, so we (not/come). 15. Hurry up! We (miss) the bus. 16. Look out! You (hit) that tree. 17. What (yor.r/discuss) at the next meeting? 18. He says he (not/wash) the car today. 19. Martin's wife is pregnant again. She (have) a baby. 20. According to the weather forecast, it (snow) tomorrow. 21. Tom and Ann (travel) abroad next year- 22.I (do) lots of work this evening. 23. (you/spend) your holidays in the mountains? 24. Where (you/have) dinner today? a new
for
tomorrow/tonighl /this week-
16. Trunslate into Englislt
l. Oia co6upaerce
yexarb
ras ropoAa.
2. On co6npaercr npoAarb
AoM.
3. Ottn ne co6nparorcr 3BoHr{rb re6e. 4. Kro co6upaercr ncrpeumr eno? 5. Ona ue co6upaercr BbrxoArfrb 3a Hero 3aMyx. 6. I4 qro ona co6upaercr Aenarb cefiqac? 7. Arre co6nparocs o6MaHbrBarb ee. 8.9ro rrr co6upaeurcr AeJrarb B 3Tr{ BlrxoAnue? 9. fAe mr co6r.rpaerurcr [poBecrn caofl otrrycr? 10. Korga ru co6npaeurbcr Hanr{carb cBoHM poAnreJrf,rrr? ll.CxolrKo oaa co6[paercr npo6rrm Ha rore? 12. Bu co6npaerecr Kynnrb nosHft AoM, Aa? 13. Orm ue co6upatorcr ee rpr{rJlalrrars, rrpaBAa? 14. Tu co6rpaerurcr y6n-
parb KBaprr.rpy ceroAur?
.
72. Rewrite each sentence with goingto.
e.g. Joe plans to buy
a new computer next year.
Joe is going to buy a new computer next year.
1, We don't plan to play tennip this weekend. 2. Does Nick plan to join the sports club? 3. What are your plans for next summer? 4. Look! That tree is about to fall over! 5. Do you plan to work hard this year? 6. I don't intend to get a new car. 7. The forecast for tomorrow is rain. 8. Do Mike and Pat plan to make sandwiches for the party? 9. I think it's about to snow. 10. Do you plan to wash the car tomorrolV?
116
tt7
7. She usually does the washing-up with her brother after dinner 8. She never watches TV after dinner. e)
Grammar: Modals: have to, must, need. The infinitive of purpose Topic;.Jobs and work. Daily routine : -
Part A
1. a) Read qbout Melanie's weekdays.
Text 1: My Day My name is Melanie smith. I'm sixteen years old and I live in oxford in England. From Monday to Friday my daily routine is always the same.
My day starts at eight o'clock in the morning when I get up aud have a shower. Then I go downstairs and have a quick breakfast wittr my family. I
usually have toast and a glass of milk, but I never have bacon and eggs. After breakfast I make my bed and then I go to school.
I
stay at school from nine o'clock in the morning until half past three in the afternoon. on Tuesdays and Thursdays I stay later because I-have guitar lessons. on the other days I usually go shopping with my friends. when I get home I often take our dog, Gemma, for a walk.
Ask and answer questions aboutMelanie's daily routine d) ReteII the
2, Put a preposition
tut
from the box inn each gap.
with in after on
at to
by for
about during
... a small flat ... Cambridge. He lives ... two other boys who are students ... Cambridge University, They work hard ... the week, but ... weekends they invite a lot of friends ... their house. They cook a meal for their friends, and then they go out... the pub ... a drink, or they stay... home'and listen... music.
James lives
James has two jobs. ... Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays he works ...a hospital, where he helps to look... the children who are ill. He goes... the hospital ... bus. He starts ... ten o'clock and works until quarter ... five. On Thursdays and Fridays he works ... home. He has a word processor ... his bedroom and he writes stories. ... the evening, one of the boys cooks a meal. ... dinner they look in the newspaper to see what's. on TV or they talk ... their day. They usually go to bed ... about midnight.
3. Translate into English.
b) Say whether these statements are true orfalse.
A. l. fl, o6H.{Ho [plrHr{Malo BaHHy rlo BeqepaM, Ho Mot cecrpa HI{KorAa 3Toro He Aenaer. 2. KorAa rrt o6rrqso Jloxtllubcf, cnarr? 3. [aYair uoo6eAaela s groM pecropaue. 4. \anafi 6ucrpeurro rlo3aBrpaKaeM. 5. -fl nurcorAa He rlblo rorfe u ne eu pn6y. 6. -fl naxoxycr na pa6ore c 8 Ao 5. 7. Mse HpaBurct ToM, no MHe He HpaBtrcfl Apyrlle MalEr{I,IKH. 8. flocne o6eAa q o6rtqno ornoxy Aerefi Ha flporynKy. 9. Kro Moer [ocyAy s saueft cert'rre? - Mos uaua. 10. .f, ienaro AoMaIuHee 3aAaHLIe \Ba wnv rpla qaca. ll. [anaft uo6onraeu. 12. Mrr nce mo6nru cropr. 13. Baru cbIH xoAtrr n ruxoly? 14. B cy66ory r ruo6lro noxoAllrb rlo Mara3I{HaM. 15. t He roroB K ypoKy. 16. fl vyncrnyo ce6r ycraluM ceroArul lT. flocne raKoro IUIorHoro o6e\a s xoqy orAoxnyrr. 18. Trr o6eAaeurb AoMa wil4Ha pa6ore? 19. Crrycxaficf, BHII3. 3anrpar
l.
roron. 20. Yrpona
I
always do my homework from five o'clock until half past six or sometimes seven o'clock in the evening. Then we all have dirmer together. After dinner,
I usually do the washing-up. I often, watch TV for about an hour after dinner but my brother never does. He always plays computer games in his room. He's crazy about them! If I don't watch TV, I sometimes *y "ult friend Sally for a chat. I always go to bed before eleven o,clock. my brother and
After such
a btrsy day,
I usually feel sleepy and ready for my comfortable bed!
Melanie has a shower at 9 o'clock in the moming. She always has bacol and eggs for breakfast.
2. 3. She makes her bed before breakfast. 4. She usually stays at school until halfpast three in the afternoon. 5. She has guita? lessons on Mondays and Fridays. 6. She often takes Gemma for a walk when she gets home. 118
t
BcetAa ropo[nlocb
Lr
I,IHorAa ra6ltnaro y6parb rlocreJlb.
2l. O6rrqno -fl npr4xoxy na pa6ory paurrue 9 qacoB. B. -fl xoxy B rrrKoJry urecrr Ane.ft B Ho,[€JrK); raruu o6pa:oM, y MeIUI TonbKo oAr4H BllxoAHofi. B eocxpeceHbe t [pochlnalocb oKono AecflTIl. -fl He ecrarc cpa3y, MHe HpaBHTcf, noJlexarb B KpoBarli u nocuorperb reneBl'l3op. Orono ABeHaAuarr.{ fl Bcrarc. fl, uly e BaHHyto, t.4e t nplrHl,IMato Aolrufi .uyul. Korga J lwcrsri4, A Ltry B KyxHIo noKyluarb. Ha sanrpar y Meru o6squo 6yrep6poa
119
b) Ash und answer questions about the people and their jobs. c) Retell the
rrarrrKa v,ar.. fl, He ilo6ffo nr{rb KoQe )npoM. 3areu r AeJrarc HecKonbKo reneaDoHubrx 3BoHKoB. B nocxpeceHbe f JIIo6np cMorperb Morr Jrro6uuue Qralrruu rro reneBr,r3opy, unorAa c rro6ro Hrparb B KoMnbrorepHbre urpu. O6e4aro oKoJro .raca. MHe npannrbr Kyruarb MHoro Ha o6eA. Ha o6eA use HpaBr{Tcr Kyruarb eanar, Kypr{r.ry c xaplourofi, nnpor lr, KoHerrHo, r{aurKy rorpe. -f, nAy rynrrb oKono qerbrpex. -fl o6H'rHo npoBo)Ky Ha ynrqe oKoro rrerbrpex rrJlu ruITH qacoB. -f no6nro rynrrb BMecre c Mor{Mr,r Apy3brtrllt. .fI nplD
c cbrpoM rl
Hrr, 6.
r
is your job? 2. What do you do at work every day? 3. Is your work Is t do you like and what don't Yo to 7. . How long is Your holidaY? ng 8. Who is your boss? Do You does your working day last? 10. How do you get to work? I I . How long does it take you to get to work? 12. How do you spend your free time?
l. What
c.racrrrisrrfi. Mor uaua roroBtrT yxru. Mu nce co6upaeMcr Mne npanarcr
r,r y)Kr{HaeM. grr,r BocKpecHbre Beqepa. OHn oco6ennrre.rlJr.t MeHfl. Beveporrr
{
cMorpro reneBlr3op, 3areu o6rt.rHrlfi arrxo4nofi,
4. llthat
is
r
npI{HI,IMaIo
ryru tl nox(ycb cnarr. 3ro uofi
about people's
jobs
fext 2: People and theirJobs
l. Lucy works in a travel agency. Her salary is very low. She only gets three weeks' holiday a year and works long hours. But Lucy doesn't mind because she enjoys her work. She has a nice boss and she meets a lot of people during the day. Her work 1r lo1s1s5ting and varied. Also, every year her company gives her a free two-week holiday in Europe. 2. Gerry Winter lives and works in Cardiff. He works in a museum there. He buys pictures for the museum. He is an art expert. His work tak,es almost all his time but for him it's not a problem. He is interested in modern and classical art very much. At weekends, he plays cricket with his friends.
I
3. Angela Burton lives in Chicago. She worls there, too. She is a joumalist. She writes articles for a local magazina She worls in a small offrce with a lot of other people. Her offrce is a long way from home. The way there takes one hour by car. She likes herjob but she enjoys weekends, too. In her free time she usually goes to the cinema.
i,
4. Larry Gowing lives in Edinburgh. He buys and sells cars. Some are old, and some are new. Cars are his true passion. He goes everywhere only by car. Larry is very interested in'money, too. He thinks about money all the time. 5. Margaret Johnson lives in l-ondon. She works in television. She is a makeup artist. She gets up very early because she has to be at work at 6.30. It takes her forty minutes to get to work by bus. She enjoys her work because she meets a lot of interesting people there. She spends all her free time with her family and her.cats. In her family there are five: Margaret, herhusband Eric, their son Thomas and two cats, Rosemary and Spot.
t20
and translate lhe sentences. Note the use of have tol. I love walking, but it"s a long way to college from my house and I usually have to take a bus. 2. l'have to phone Tim at 9.00. 3. We have to work very quickly. Wp just have to. 4. You don't have to cross the street. The house is on this side. 5. I don't have to do much work. My husband helps me a lot. 6. She doesn't have to take the train to work. It's very close to her house and she can walk. 7. 'Do you have to take your children to nursery school?' 'Yes; I do.' 'Do you have to fetch them home, too?' 'No, I don't.' 8. 'Does she have to wear glasses?l 'Yes, she does.' 9.'At your school you have to wear a uniform, don't you?' 'Ybs, we do.' 10. 'We don't have to answer all those letters, do we?' 'No, of course not.' ll. 'She doesn't have to do it all today, does shq?' 'I'm afraid she does. It's urgent.' 12. 'Why do they have to stay so late at the bffice? ' 'There's a lot of work to do today.' 13. 'Whirch days do you have to get up early?' 'Wednesdays and Fridays.' 7. Read
your daily routine? Describe it in details.
1 a) Reud the tqt
Answer the questions about yourself,,
I
x
]o
d ,?
;\
8. Use the verbs in brackets to make negative sentences with have to. e.g. Kate (take) an exam tom€rrow. Kate doesn't have to take an exam tomorrow.
l. Jim
You row. 7
4.
3. George (do) the shoPPing. 6. You (go) to school tomorManY women (*otk). 9. She
(cook).
Fitl in the gaps with the correctform ofhave to or don't have to. l. Alice ... study hard. She has a test tomorrow. 2. Jane's mother wakes her up, so she ... use an alarm clock. 3. We .'. go to bed early. It is Sunday tomor9.
row. 4. We ... be at the theatre at eight o'clock. 5. They ... work on Sundays. The shop is closed. 6. I ... clean my room every Saturday. 7. Sally... catch the bus to work. She has a car. 8. Brian .'. come with us. He can stay at home. 9. I ... take the dog for a walk every morning. 10. You .'. do the shopping. We'vc got a lot of food.
t2l
I0. Intemiew your portner. Ask him if he has to get up early; why he has to miss hk English classesl if he has to work hard at English; if he often has to go away on businessl why he has to spend his holidays in towry if he has to help his children with their homeworlc 11.
Ask all lypes of questions about
the
following
sentences.
l. Helen has to study hard. She has an exam in three days.2. Jane has to make
,
P: A: P: A:
a lot of telepho-ne calls every day. 3. John has to work late.
evening.
12. Translate into English
A. l. Mou
poAr{renr{ crapbre: MHe npnxo4lrrcr nru rroMorarb. 2. Mne ue npuxogurci ceftqac paHo BciaBarb, raK Kax y Meru orrrycK. 3. Y ueru se1 grlrx Kulrr, r,r fl..rbrrryxAeH xoAr,rrb n 6ra6ruorery. 4. floveuy efi upraxo.qurcl Hoclrrb oqxn? 5. Te6e .racro nplrxoAr.rrcr flpru(o.rtr,rrb arcaa? 6. Kar .racro BaM rrpr{xo4nrcr e3Ar.rrb B KoMaHAuposxw? 7. Anro6yc Hr,rKorAa He orra3AbrBaer. HaM He flptrxoAurcr )r(Aarb. 8. Efi He o6.rsarerrHo Aerarl gro Bce ceroArur. Mrr uoxeu leAoxAarb. 9: Batlefi Aoqepu nptlr
l.
Ona xorrer uoMeHrrr pa6ory, TaK KaK y Hee HI43K{uI 3apflnara. 2, Moft On'racro floKyrraer rroAapKr{ Arr cnoeft Aorrspn. 4. Efi nprc
E.
cbrH r,rHTepecyerct LrcKyccrsora. 3.
6. I4:yreuue Spauuyrcroro t3blKa 3aHllMaer rlor{rll Bce ee BpeM.n. 7. fl,yryct B yH[Bepcl{Tere. Ynunepcr,rrer A{ureKo or AoMa. Y uena y(oAlar oKoJIo qaca, qro6u ryAa Ao6parrcr. 8.. B cso6oAHoe BpeMt r nro6nlo [oryJlf,rb B napKe. 9. Kaxnrrft toA y MoHf, TpexHeAenbnbIfi orrrycx B aBrycre. 10. B mrxoAnrre gnu r o6runo urparc n $yr6on. 11. Y rraeru Her astoltlo6l,LJlfl, tro3roMy MHe nplrxoAr.rrcr e3Anrb na pa6ory na anro6yce.
_
Part B
Conversation Practice
P: When does the show start? A: Atteno'clock, andwedon'tusuallyfrnish until two o'clock in the morning. P: What do you do then? A: I go back home, read for a while, then go to bed. P: Annie, I know you don't have much free time, but what do you like doing in your free time? A: I love going to the cinema or having dinner with friends. I don't really like going to parties, though. P: One last question. Are you satisfied with your life? A: Oh yes. I love singing and I enjoy my freb time. P: Annie Franklyn, thank you for joining us.
A. Speak about Annie's typtical day, B. Match aetions to purposes in the table. Use the information to write sentences.
Action 1.
versations.
I
Celebrity
Welcome to the show, Annie. A: Thanks. It's great to be here. P: Well, Annie. Do you like yourjob?
I'm going to improve my English
l. We
are going to Warsaw
work
b. sunbathe c. play computer games d. get a
betterjot
e. lose weight f. send emails g. visit our grandparents
h. get frt i. buy fresh food j. listen to music k. get some money
e.g. I go to the beaoh to suntathe.
I
P: Our special guest in the studio roday is,our loca! singer, Annie Franklin.
a. commute to
2. My sou uses his computer 3. We always go to the market 4. He is going to the bank 5. You can use a computer 6. I'm going to get an MP3 player 7. She'sjoining a g)4n 8. Mike uses his bicycle 9. I'm going on a diet 10.
Interviewing,a
Purpose
I go to the beach
Study and practise the conv?rsations. Do the exercises thatfollow the con-
122
I like it a lot. The only bad thing is that I don't se€ my family and friends very often. I'm very busy. Well, tell;us about a typical day in your life. What time do you get up? I usually get up at noon because I go to bed very late every night. I have lunch at about two. What do you do then? I go to the club to practise for about two hours, then I go home or sometimes I go slropping. I go back to the club again at about eight o'clock in the
A:Yes,
C Translate into English" A. l. fl uyy t 6u6truorexy, uro6rr B3rrb HecKoJrbKo BoK3ulJr,
rrro6br Bcrperr{Tb cBoro
MarvD/.
KHr.tr. 2.
fl. cnetty na
3. AHHa 3BoHliT cnoefi nogpyre, qro-
123
6u npurnacu:rE ee Ha BerlepuHKy. 4. Po6epr noKynaer ra3ery, qro6u nosr' Tarb ee B rloe3Ae. 5. [2rcou rtoKylaer posrt,'rro6u floAapnrb lrx csoeft xeHe Ha AeH6
poxAgHl{t. 6.
fl
A. Speak about Danny's daily routine. B. Intemiew your partner about his/her job.
uay Ha floqry, qro6rr ornpaBnrb renerpaMMy.
E. 1. Trr AoBoneH cnoefi pa6oroir? 2. Moir rvryx He qacro paccKa3blBaer MHe o csoefi pa6ore. 3. [o6po noxulJloBarb a Mocray! 4. llnrepecuo 6rnr sAecr ceftqac. 5. Tqxeao rr3)4larb unocrpaHnrrfi qsrtr. 6. Ona unoro q[Taer. 7. O:nu MHoro rryreluecrBytor. 8. Tu co6npaeurcr K HI'IM npl'lcoeAllsntrcr? 9. -fl nro6nn prr6a'rnru. 10. flo6yar 3AecE HeMHoro. 11. Cnacn6o 3a ro, qro Tbr
A Week in Victor's Llfe
[oMoraeurb MHe. 12. O:rta eAuHcrBeHHbIil uelonex, xoroprtil Te6e uoxer'
f {
Danny is 32. He is the manager of a holiday hotel in the Caribbean. Interviewer: Danny. Tell us about your routine. Danny: OK. Well, I get up at about half past seven' I wash at quarter to eight' and then I have breakfast with the family. Int: When do you start work? Danny: I start work at nine. Int: What do you do in the moming? Danny: I talk to my secretary and then I read my emails and faxes. Inf Do you meet people? Danny: Yes, I meet the holiday reps at about half past ten. We have coffee at eleven o'clock in the oflice and talk about the guests' Then I check the hotel lesms and the swimming pool. Int Do you eat in the hotel? Danny: Yes, I do. In the hotel restaurant. Inl What do you do after lunch? Danny: I go to the bank Then I meet the hotel clients. Int Do you work in the offrce? Danny: Yes, I write emails and letters and I meet the accountant at five
o'clock Inf When do you go home? Danny: I leave work at half Past six. Infi What do you do in the evening? Danny: Well, I have dinner with my wife and children and at ten o'clock . watch the news on TV.
t24
I
must
work. John: Work? You?
IloMoqb.
Danny's Day
John: Tell me, Victor, what do you do on Sundays? Victor: On Sunday I try to sleep late. John: And on weekdays? Victor: Unfortunately, I never have much peace on weekdays because
Victor: Yes, I'm a student of English -like yout John: OK, Victor. What exactly do you do on weekdays? Victor: On Monday I play golf.
John:Golfl Victor: Yes. And on Monday afternoons I go swimming at the swimming pool. I need to relax after my game of golf. John:
O[
yes.
Victor: On Tuesdays and Wednesdays, after my serious music lessons at the , music school I am a singer in a rock group. John: Stop! Stop!! Please ... enough! What do you do on Thursdays? Victor: I rest all day long. I wake up in the evening to set my alarm-clock for lunch-time on Friday. On Fridays I go to the library to meet my friends to organise a picnic in the country among the birds and the bees and the flowers and the ffees. John:. Please, Victor. But there's one thing I don't understand. When do you learn English? Victor: A quarter of an hour every evening, in a comfortable armchair, with my video English method and a large glass of orange juice! A. Answer the questions. 1. What does Victor do on
Mondaf
on Tuesda/ on Wednesday? On Thursday?
on Friday? on Sunday? 2. What do you do on weekdays?
B. Rephrase each imperative with must ar mustn't
e.g. Do it again! You must do it again.
I
'
'
Don't do it again! You mush't do it again,
t2s
l. Work faster! 2. Turn to page 50! 3. Don't
be late! 4. Don't tcll l'ctcr!
5. Hurry up! 6. Don't use this computer! 7. Don't park here! 8. Stop talking!
9. Listen to me! 10. Don't talk while you are driving! homework! 12. Don't open the window! 13. Sit down! C,
In
ll.,Givc
me your
pairs, csk and onswer questions using the prompts below, as ln lhe
HLI
rll'rl'r'r, pa6ory? 15. Mue
He HyxHbr rBor{ AeHbu{. 16.
Mne HyxHo rro3Bo-
gmt. 17, Te6e HyxHa Mo.f, noMorrlb? 18. Mue He HyxHa rBor rroMorub. 19. lifi rryxna rBot noMolqr. 20, Mne HyxHo Kylnrb ABa cnoBapr g]rfl,pa6oru. 21. l-lyxno Jru noKynarb raK MHoro suua? 22. Hail{ Hega.{eM exarb ryAa cHosa. 23. Te6e'racro flpnxoAr,rrcr pa6orarr no BocxpeceHrsu?
24.Haytu-
Ue o'roHb xapKo, r,I MHe npuxoAHTcr [oJlrBarb rIBerEr raxArril Aeuu. 25. Mue He nprxoArrrcr fleqararb cauofi: y Merur ecrb ceKperapt. 26. Mse ue HyxHo noKynaTb KoMnbroTep, y Merur yxe ecTb oAr,rH.
example"
A: Must I write
a composition? you needn't write a composition. B: No,
FinalDiscussion
l. pay for it now? 2. stay here? 3. go to the gym? 4. buy her a present? 5. call him now? 6. frnish the exercise now? D. FilI in mustn?t or needn't
7.
l. You ... play with matches. It's dangerous. 2. You ... talk loudly. The baby I ... go to the bank. I've got some money. 4. You ... feed the
l. What do you do? 2. What sort of work does your job involve? 3. Can you use a computer? 4. What computer skills do you have? 5. Do you have to do much paperwork? 6. Do you often make phone calls? 7. Do you sometimes send faxes? 8. Are you very busy at work? 9. What are your working hours? 10. Do you sometimes have to work overtime? I l. Do you like a'regular nine.
is sleeping. 3.
dog. It is not hungry. 5. You ... forget to buy some milk. There isn't any left. 6. You ... phone Julia. She's coming here later. 7. You... go wittr me. I can go alone. 8. You ... tell Sonia. It's a secret. 9. We ... stay out late. We have to get up early tomorrow. 10. You . . . buy a newspap€r. You can read mine. I l. You ... talk during the exam. E. Read the sentences. Note the use of need as a notional verb. you need any help? 2. What do you need your owrr computer for? You can use ours. 3. I don't need your comments, thank you. 4. I need to get some sleep. 5. He needs to win the game to stay in the match. 6. You don't need to leave yet, do you? 7. I don't need to go to the bank. I've got enough money to buy this suit. 8. He needs this joumal for his studies. 9. She doesn't need my
l. Do
help.
AorxeH Aenarb ypoKLI KaxAbIfi Aenr. 2.
.f
Bn ue
AoJIxHbl sa6unarr o
Aonxes ceroArul [oBI'IAarb cBoero apyra. 4. Trr AoJIxeH BHr{MareJIrHo cJDIIIIaTb 1nllrrent. 5. Tu ue AoJIxeH orla34blBarb Ha 3awffvtt.6. [onxen JIu oH noMorarb eMy raK unoro? 7. A \onxna ero cAeJrarl HeMe,4lleutro? 8. Hyxuo JIH exarb ryAa raK pano? 9. Y Hac unoro apeuenn. Hau He3arreM Topo[HTbct. 10. Te6e He IfDKHo roBopl'Irb tune o6 erou. -fl sce uoHl{\{aro. ll. Mne nyxuo re6e nouoralr? - Her, He HaAo. 12' Brt Moxere He xoArrb ry1a. 13. Kro Aolxen cAeJlarb sro? 14. KorAa urr Aonxcsoux o6csaHHocrtx. 3.
126
to-five job? 12. Are you punctual? 13. How much do you earn? 14. How many weeks' holiday do you get? 15. Do you like your job? 16. What's your idea of a good job? 17. Is career an important part in your life? 18. What are your colleagues like? 19. Are you good at managing people? 20. Do your parents have a job? 21. What do they do? 22. What business is your brother/sister in? 23.Is helshe pleased with his/her job? 2. Speak about 3. Describe
yourjob and daily routine.
your asual day at wotk (your duties and responsibilities).
4. Say what you like and dislike about your job.
F. Translate into English"
l. Ts
Answer the questions.
5. This is Mr Hanson's work schedule (is going to do) tomorrow.
for tomorron.
Say what he is doing
9.00 - 10.00 phone Mr Morgan 10.00 - I1.00 dictate replies to business letters I1.00 - 12.00 lunch at a restaurant 12.00 - 14.00 visit the BBC Television Centre 14.00 - 15.00 see a customer from Brazil 15.00 - 17.00 press conference at Heathrow Airport
127
6. Look at
your diary and say what you are doing (going to do) tomoruow.
7. Say whether your jab involves travelling. questions about your business trips.
If
so, answer your friend's
8. fmagine you are a television reporter. Interview a famous pop/film star. Ask hiny'her about his/her work Ask some personal questions, too.
Grammar: Past Simple of De
Topic: Past experiences
9. At an international conference you get acquainted with one ofthe parlicipants. Yoa ask each other some questions.
lllustrative Situations
10. Comment on the proverbs.
Statements
l. The early bird catches the worm. 2. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 3. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
I was ill last week. He was busy yesterday. ' She was late,for school today. It was very cold in lanuary We were tired and hungry. Dave and Sue were at the cinema lastnight. You were happy yesterday.
j '
,,
Negatives I wasn't here on Monday, Kate wasn't happy at work last year. He wasn't at the party last night. It wasn't cold in February. We weren't at home last night. They weren't lucky. Yes4rlo questions + Short answeri Was Harry in London last month? - Yes, he was. /No, he wasn't. Was it cold yesterday? - !es, it was. A.{o, it wasn't. Were you at school onTuesday? - Yes, I was. /No, I wasn't. Were they at the theatre on Sunda/ - Yes, they were . A.{o, they weren'L Were we at home on Friday evening? - Yes, we were. A{o, w€-wer.en't.
I|/h-questions
Why was he absent on Monday? Where was Mary at 6.00? When were they in London last?
Whatwas the frlrnlike? Who was absent yesterday?
t28
729
Practice
Or-queslions Were you busy or free yesterday? Was he tired or ill yesterday?
1. Study and praetise the
Tag questions
You were late for school this moming, weren't you? - Yes,
I
was. A.Io,
I
wasn't.
Mr Short was andry with Steve, wasn't he? - Yes, he was. AIo, he wasn't. You weren't late for work today, were you? - No, I wasn't. /Yes, I was five
following
texts.
was terrible. It 'weie'anglY be re dishes in the
l. I was very
and foggy. M children were children's clothes were on the floor in their bedroom, and our refrigerator was ):' " . broken. I'Was'tired[ntl hurigry all'inorning. , ,,,
minutes late.
'
,. ,,,,
Questions
There was/There were Statements There was a sofa in the room. It was big and comfortable. There were some trees in the garden. They were apple trees.
like? 1. Wu. Lucy happy lday.?.?r What was the weather Why were the neighbours angry? 5. 3. What was wrong What did the house look like? 6. What was there in the sink? 7. Where wqre the children's clothe6?,8, What was wtong with the r:eftigerator? 9' Lpcy was tired and hungry, wasn't she?
Negatives There wasn't a cinema here when I was a child. There weren't any cars here forty years ago. There weren't any biscuits left in the tin.
2. I was very happy yesterday morning' The weather was beautiful. It was warm and sunny. There were flowers in the garden. There was a bird at the
Yes/I{o questions Was there a telephone call for me? - Yes, there was. A{o, there wasn't. Were there many people at the party? - Yes, there were. A.{o, there weren't.
was happy yesterday, wasn't she? 2. Was the weather hne? 3. There were flowers in the garden, weren't there? 4. was there a bird at the window? 5. The children weren't at home, were they? 6. Were Lucy and her husband at
l4h-questions What was (there) on the desk yesterday? - A computer. Who was (there) in the room? - Mike and Peter. How many people were (there) at the party? How much butter was (there) in the fridge?
Or-quesiions Was there a post offrce or a cinema here twenty years ago? Were there m:rny or few cars here twenty years ago? Tag questions
There was a hotel here five years ago, wasn't there? - Yes, there was. A.{o, there wasn't. There were some old houses here some years ago, weren't there? - Yes, there were. A.{o, there weren't. There wasn't any milk in the fridge yesterday, was there? - No, there wasn't. /Yes, there was some. There weren't many people in the shop, were there? - No, there weren't. /Yes, there were a lot. 130
window. My children were at school, and my husband and I were on vacation. Questions
l. Lu"y
work? 3. A thief stole an expensive car from a garage on Main Street last Sunday at 5.00. Mr and Mrs Jones were in a restaurant next to the garage. Charlie Green was across the street in a bar. According to Mr and Mrs Jones, the thief was tall.and thin. His hair was brown and curly. According to Charlie Green, the thief was young and handsome. His clothes were exPensive.
The police are,looking for the thief today. They're talking to Frank Harris. He's a tall, thin man with brown curly hair. Police: Were you on Main Street last Sunday at 5'00? Frank: No, I wasn't. I was at home with my wife. Police:
Frank
Police:
Your wife says she was at homb ail evening, but you
weren't there.
Frank I wasn't? Police: No, you weren't. 131
at: school, work, the cinema, the shops, home, a hotel, the sports centre, the
Frank Oh, I forgot, last Sunday at 5.00 I was with my friend Tom. Police: Where were you and your friend? Frank We were at the police station. Police: Why were you at the police station? Frank We were here because at 4.00 last Sunday a thief stole my friend
Tom's cirrl
,. ., i'.,r
on: holiday, an island, the beach, a fann, etc room. the classroom. the in: the mountains, the
',rir' |:il;:' .{
Questions
l,
$: fuir
bl
4, W.grq
hi
Was he
withhis
w:dje? 7.
.
Who was he with?.8, Vllhelowert,th.eV?.9rWhy?',',,'
'' 2. Filt in the gaps with wrs,wasn't, wdie oi weien'tl"
i', ' : .\ ' ..
I. There ... a lot of people at the party last night.r2j isaiiili',.:"teuyears old in 1998. 3. Tom and Jean... in Spain last week.4.'Therbi:.. airydepartment stores here twenty years ago. 5. '... there a park here then?' 'No, there ,.. .' 6.What ... your favourite toys when you ... a child? 7. There ... any cars here forty years ago. 8. Is Julia ill? She ... at school today. 9. Where ... you yesterday? 10. The girls ... with us. They.., with their grandparents. l l. What ... your brother like when he ... young? 12. . . . there a theatre here ten years ago? 13. I called David, but he ... at home. 14. ',..your brother a quiet child?' 'No, he ... .' 15. They... at the party last night. They... too busy. 16. There ... any biscuits left in the tin. 17.'... yop at work yesterday?' 'No, I ... .' 18. '... there any hotels on the island in those days?' 'No, there ... .' 19. 'What ... there in the park in 1990?' ' There ... houses in the park.' 20. The children ... at the beach yesterday.2l.... the students at school? 22. ... Betty at the library? 23. All the doctors at the hospital ... very busy. 24. Sarah and Mike ... at a restaurant, They ... at a caf6.25. Ben ... at the clothes shop. He ... at the record shop. 26. There .:. a good film on TV last night.
,
etc
A: Where were you last Sunday? B: I was at home. Where was your best friend two weeks A: He was on holiday. Where ... etc 4.
FilI in were, was or wasn't In pairs,
ago? 'i'
!
use the prompts to act out.a
similar
dialogue. at a restqurant - Sl&ron -.thefood - not very - horrible - Craig - at afootball match
nice'
.
,
;
A: ... you at home last night? B: No, L.. . I ... at the cinema. A:Who ... youwith? B:
L..
with Claire.
A:How... the film? B: Well, it ... very good. It ... boring. Where ... you? A: I ... at home. B: ... you with Sally? A: No, I ... . She ... at work. 5.
Fill in there was, it was, there were or they were
l. ... twentypeople at the party. ... all John and Patty's friends. 2. ... acat outside my house this morning. ... a white sports car. 3. ... a lot of messages for Paul at the office. ... all from his boss. 4. ... a hundred guests atthe wedding. ... all relatives. 5. ... no clouds in the sky yesterday. . .. a beautiful day. 6. ... a call for ybu this morning. ... your friend Tony. 7. ... lots of holes in my jacket. ... very old. 8. ... a lot of people in the room. ... very crowded.
3. Use the prompts to ask and answer questions, as in the example. 6.
Where was/were ...
seaside,
etc
Fill in was, wasn't, were ol weren't
l. ' ... Marilyn Monro a famous actress?' 'Yes, she ... .' 2.' ... Alfred Hitchcock an actor?''No, he ... . He . .. a famousdirector.' 3.' ... Beethoven, Mozart and Chopin directors?' 'No, they ... . They... :
you your your your your your
best fi-iend parents brother/ sister
uncle/ aunt cousin(s) etc
t32
last Sunday two weeks ago yesterday rnorning last summer last weekend last Novernber last
composers.'
4. ' ... Thomas Edison a singer?' 'No, he ... . He ... an inventor.'
' ... Abraham Lincoln and George Washington presidents of the USA?' 'Yes, they... .'
5.
133
7 htt the words in the correct order to mlake questions. Then match
the
questions to the answers.
l. waVwith/you/who? 2. the meettngl aVwerelpeople/how many? 3. you/were/sad/whf
4. open/waVshop/the?
Grammar: Past Simple: regular and irregular verbs. Questions .
5. last nighVyou./atlhomelwere 6. were,/mucVtickets/the/how?
a-..-.-....... No, itwas closed. b. .................,... Forty frve.' c. ............................ f20. d. ......... Because I was alone.
f
....,.........,.. No, I was out. .................... Aunt Mary.
8.
Ask
e.
all
qtpes
of
questions about the fottowing sentences.
l. Ben wis here five minutes' ago. 2. She was away on holiday last month. 3. Thers was a nice progralnme last night. 4. There were a lot ofpeople at the exhibition last Saturday. 5. They were tired. 6. There were three faxes from London yesterday. 9. Tianslate into English
l.,on 6un 6ru 6oren
B ruKoJIe e.repa? 2.Bst6sttru B napKe B 9ro BocKpecesre? 3. fl, Bqepa. 4. Osa ne 6ula 6onrna. 5. B cy66ory uu 6ruu B KLrHo. 6. Onra ne 6rulu B KHHo. 7 : Moft Mrr 6;;.n rerquKoM. 8. Bu 6ruru B rearpe B
ryouuryo cy66ory? - Her, ue 6slu,9. f4e ru 6un? - A 6:';.n ua pa6ore. 10. Mrr 6nnra s llnxaro sn{ofi. I l. Brr 6HnH nerqurorr,r? - }Ier, I 6bu nogu. TeneM. 12. Mapur Bqepa orcyrcrBoBara Ha 3aH-flrurx, He raK nu? 13. Tsorx 6parrer Bqepa He 6nno goua, Aa? 14. Korga Bn s uocreAHufi pa3 6blrIu B 4eperne? 15. Cxonrro BpeMeH[ rbr HixoAr,ucr n uxone? - A6lo;.n rau c 9 Ao 3. 16. Ha croJre ne)Katro seixolrro xnnr. 17. B npour.norr.r ro.ry, sgecr 6un KnHorearp. 18. Ha coSpanuu 6uro luroro napo.ry? - Her. 19. OE 6orer Ha nponnolZ HeAe.re, Ea? 20. Cxonirb aarouo6meft 6rrno nuepa ao 4nope? !1. B uporunoM rory B HaueM ca,ry 6ulo MHoro rF€ToB; 22. Buepa n srofi KoMHare 6nn cron, nparga? 23.8o ABope HHKoro He,6ruo.
,,.
Topic:Pastexperiences
lllustrative Situations Sfafemenfs Regular verbs Yesterday I watched a graat film on TV.
It
started dt 8pm'and-finished at
10.15pm. My grandparents mov_ed to Scotland last year. The bus arrived at 9.30. In 1998 I.decided to move to Australia. Yesterday we walked to school. Kate stayed in Turkey last summer.
Irregular verbs Last week we went to the cinema. Pedro ate l0 cakes yesterday. Yesterday I drank Japanese beer. Harry always came late. We made dinner last night. Negatives I didn't start learning English last year. I started this year. She didn't arrive on Monday. She arrived yesterday. We didn't watch the football game last night. We watched it this moming. We didn't go to school last week. Ketty didn't eat an ice cream yesterday. They didn't give Jack a present. I didn't have breakfast. Yes/I,{o questions
Did you start leaming English last year? - Yes, I did. A'{o, I didn't. Did they arrive yesterday? - No, they didn't arrive yesterday. They arrived on Sunday.
Did you go to the cinema last night? - Yes, we
t34
did-. A'{o, we
didn't. 135
---rf,r-
DidPedro eat many cakes
Dil
5. Then I (play) basketball with my friends. 6. At 8.30 we (finish) the game. 7. Before bedtime I (telephone) my friend.
YesterdaY?
you send me a letter last week?
WEqtestions Wlrerrdid you start school? Wlry did you arrive so late?
3. Change the sentences into past simple sentences
e.g. Tom looks out of the window. Tom looked out of the rvindow.
Where did you staY for Your holidaY? Whophoned ]ou this morning? - Mike did' Bun Who(m) did you phtne this morning? Where did you go YesterdaYJ What didyou do?
Or-qu&ions
l. We arrive at 6.30. 2.Lavra watches television all afternoon.3. The bus stops at the end of the street. 4. I visit my parents very often. 5. Sue waits for her friends for more than an hour. 6. We discuss a lot of problems. 7. They want to go to the theatre. 8. He walks to the offrce. 9. She listens to her teacher carefully. 10. They decide to come to my party. 11. We test the new machines at the factory.
Dil yw
4. Change the sentences into negative sentences.
Wlren did you first (last) see him? start work at 8 or 9?
Didhe arrive earlY or late?
.
Did she tell him the news or not? Did youbuY juice or mineral water?
l. Sue phoned last night. 2. Maria finished work early yesterday. 3. The train stopped at Harry's station. 4. I wanted to go to bed early. 5. Carlos answered my letter. 6. John invited lots of people to his paty. 7. The shops opened on Sunday. 8. Peter liked his new shoes.
Tag questions You cleaned the flat yesterday, didn't you? You didn't clean the flat yesterday, did you? Youputthe keys on the kitchen table, didn't you? You didn't find Your gloves, did You?
5. Change the statements into questions
e.g. Tim arrived at2.00. Did Tim arrive at 2.00?
Practice I. eudy and practise the text les-
lot! les-
d.It was a long and tiring daY.
Z
Change the vetbs in brackets into the past simple' My day YesterdaY
1. Mymother (call) rne at'l.00. 2. t(wash) and (dress)vev guickly' 3. I (walk) to school' 4. Aftsr schocl I (watch) television. t36
e.g. Our bus arrived on time. Our bus didn't arrive on time.
1. Sarn phoned home. 2. Helen wanted to make a phone call. 3. Paul visited the doctor. 4. Bill missed the bus. 5. George walked to school. 6. Jim opened the window. 7. Emma helped the teacher. 8. Alice washed her hair. 6.
Ask wh-questions to the words in bold type.
l. They studied at the library after classes. 2. Ali worked hard at his English last year. 3. The Browns visited their parents at the weekend. 4. John invited me to his birtlday party. 5. Helen waited for Jane for an hour. 6. Tom enjoyed the party. 7. Roger wanted to go to the country. 8. Sue translated three articles yesterday. 9. They frnished work at 5.00. 7.
Ask or-questions about the following statements.
l. They arrived early.2. He started work at 7.00. 3. They played tennis on Sunday. 4. She wanted to go to Rome. 5. She enjoyed the filrn. t37
v u---" of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines but I didn't understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed very quickly. I didn't send any postcards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got'up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room but I didn't write a single card.
8. Ask tag questions.
l.
Jane liked Peter. 2.'Kate missed the train. 3. You washed your hair. 4. You
t
didn't frnish your homework. 5. Tom didn't arrive yesterday' 6. He didn't work yesterday. 9.
Sndy and practise the text
Luisa's day started at 8.00 am yesterday. She walked to work at 9.00 and she a friend from 4.30 to worked from.9.30 t lped her son with his . she home At 5.30. relaxed. school work. In the Now speak about Warren's DaY. start - 6.30 am walk to bus stop - 7.00 wait for bus - 7. l5 to 7.30 work - 8.00 to 4.00 repair cars all day cook dinner - 6.00 to 7.00 study - 7.30 to 9.30 listen to music - 9.30 to 10.00
Wanen's Day
t
i i
Questions 1. What spoils the writer's holidays? 2. Where did he spend his holidays last year? 3. What did a friendly waiter teach him? 4. What did the writer think about every day? 5. Did he send any cards to his friends or not? 6. How many - cards did he buy on the last day? 7. Where did he stay all day? 8. Did he write any cards or not? '11. Complete the sentences with the positive of the verb.
form
e.g. I didn't go to New York, I went to Chicago.
l. We didn't meet Jim, we ... Max. 2. He didn't leave last Tuesday, he ... last Thursday. 3. We didn't see Jim, we ... David.4. They didn't buy a Volvo, they ... a Saab. 5. You didn't know the answer, Tom ... the answer. 6. I didn't lose my passport, I ... my ticket. 7. We didn't have white wine, we ... red wine. 8. He didn't write a letter, he ... a postcard. 9. The film didn't begin at 6.30 pm, it ... 7.30 pm. 12. Make the positive verbs negative. Make the negative verbs positive.
e.g.
Warren's day started at 6.30 am yesterday. He ... 10.
Study and practise the texts.
1. Yesterday was a nonnal day for Sally Green, the writer. She got up at 6.00. She went to the bathroom, and then she put on her clothes. After that she ate
breakfast and read the newspaper. Then she made her bed. From 7 to 10.00 she sat in the living room and watched television. Then she went shopping. At l.00 she came home and had her lunch. After lunch she began work. She wrote from 2.00 to 9.00. She drank a lot of tea. Then she met her friends at a nightclub. Questions l. What does Sally Green do? 2. What time did she get up yesterday? 3. What did she do in the morning? 4. Did she go shopping yesterday? 5. When did she have lunch? 6. How long did she work yesterda/ 7. Did she drink tea or coffee during the day? 8. Who did she meet at a nightclub? 2. Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words 138
She drove to work. She didn't drive to work. She didn't see me at the cinema. She saw me at the cinema.
l. My aunt gave me a birthday present. 2. It didn't rain until five o'clock. 3. I didn't drink the coffee, but I ate the cake. 4. She didn't bring a-bottle of wine. 5. She wasn't tired, so she didn't go to bed. 6. He forgot his passport and he lost his ticket. 7. It didn't cost a lot of money. 8. I didn't have a lot of time, so I didn't go shopping. 9. We understood the hlm. 10. We spoke about these problems at the meeting. ll. It didn't take me a long time to get there. 12. Jack had some problems with the car. 13. John didn't pay all the bills. 14. I had an exiun last week. 15. Mary and Susan ran fast. 16. I didn't sleep well last night. 17. Maria and Carlos did the housework. 13. Read
whst Laura says about a typical working day.
get up at 7 o'clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which me about half an hour. I stad work at 8.45. I never have lunch. I finish takcs
I usually
139
work at 5 o'clock. I'm always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal in the evening. I don't usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o'clock, and I always sleep well. Yesterday was a typical worbing day
for Laura. Write whqt she did or didn't
do yesterday
l.
She
2. She 3. She
gotup at 7 o'clock.
.......,..... ........
a bigbreakfast.
4-It........,........togettowork.
5. 6.
-r
............................. at 8.A5. .............................. lunch.
,
it_
;
7..............
at5 o'clock. 8. ...... tired when .......... home. 9. ..:... ameal yestgrdayevening. 10. I 1.
'
...................
at 11 o'clock. ................... well last night.
14. lVhot could yoty'couldn't you do when you were slx?
. ride a horse . fly a plane . read . write . play cricket . dive . swim . count . draw . play chess . use a computer . use a camera . cook . play hide-andseek . play the guitar . speak English . play football
e.g. I couldn't ride
a horse when
I was six.
I could write when I was six. 15. Change the statements into questions.
e.g.
She found her watch yesterday.
Did she find her watch yesterday?
l. She had dinner at 2.00.2. He came early. 3. They saw Alice yesterday. 4.'She spoke to the boss on Friday. 5. I left home at 8.00. 6. He lost his glasses some days ago.7. She did her homework yesterday evening. 8. She bought some dresses. 9. John met his boss yesterday. 10. They told him the news. I l. He woke up at 7.00. 12. You ate all the bread. 16.
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple.
Last Sunday the Carter family (go) camping in the countryside. They (find) a nice place by a iiver. Mr Carter (put up) the tent. After that they (eat) some sandwiches and cakes. Then, Mr Carter (show) Sam and Pamela how to fish. Mrs Carter (pick) some flowers, and their dog Champ (swim) in the river. They all (have) a very good time. l
AA
Read the tad again and in pairs, csk and ctnswer qucstions, cts in'the example. 1. the Carter familyl go shopping? A: Did the Carter family go shopping? B: No, they didn't. They went camping.
2. they lfind /a nice place for their tent? 3. Mrs Carter /put up/ the tent? 4. they leat /hamburgers and biscuits? 5. Mr Carter /show the children /how to fish? 6. Mrs Cartef /swirn in the river? 7. they lhave agood time?
:
j
--
j'
j
i i
l
::
:
17. Anna's mothcr teft a list of things for Annu to tlol Now she is talking to Anna on the phone. Look at the list and fill in the gap; with the correc.t vcrb in the past simple. Give short answers.
go to the supermarket post the letters go to the baker's feed Blacky take him for a walk make the beds water the plants wash the di.shes
,(
x
x
Mother: Hello Anna. Anna:'Hi Mum. Mother: Did you do the things I asked you to do? Anna: I did some of them but not all of them. Mother: So, ..: to the supermarket? Anna: .. but I .......... to the baker's. Mother: That's all right. .. .. the letters?
Anna:....
Mother:
the beds?
Anna: ...... :.............., and I also ................ the itishes. Mother: Good! What about the dog? Anna: I Blacky and then I him for a walk.
Mother:
the plants?
Anna: .....,., Mother: It doesn't matter. I'm glad you did all those things. Anna: To tell you the truth Mum, Grandma came and helped me!
t4t
18. First, put the verbs into the interrogative match the questions to the answers'
fotm of
6. Howmuch/pa/ 7. What/take with her?
What time (you/get) to work this morning? 2: Where (she/go) on holidaY? 1.
3. Why (he/leave) the ParrY
earlY? i
B:
'
21.
,.
:, r,. .. et? rr.rj'l;'lr'''
6, 7' 8. What frlm (yor.r/see) last
a.At9:30am. b.Hewastired, c.Cereal.
ll
'
When did you last ...
lt
,:i i -
- i:..'i,,,,,1 : :..'
Asterix and Obelix. f. To Paris. g. Jean and Tom' h. Tina did.
Make questions in the past simple'
1.
school?
20.Megv'entonhotidaylastsummer.Matchthequestionstotheanswers. ask and attstaer questions, as
ilt
the example'
A By plane.
2. When/leave?
B [500,
3. How/get there? 4. How long/sPend there?
C Japan.
t42
'
i
'
- write a letter - lose something - go out with friends - break something - drink lemonade ; see jour grandparents
- tidy your room - rent a video
'Who broke the window?' (Mrs Brown's son broke the window.)
D In
a
five-sfiu hotel'
......?' (Kate brought the ice cream.) .......?' @at looks after the children.) .....?' (Love makes people happy.) .....?' @unning made me tired.) ......?'0phonedMike.) ......?' (Mike phoned me.) ......?' (I talked to the manager.) ......?' (He waited for Sally.) .....?' (Joe decided to take the job.) .....?' (I answermost of the questions.) .....?' (I play with my little brother.) .....?' (An accident stopped the trdffio.)
Change the answers in brackets into short answers.
l
Whereigo?
l
22. Complete each qaestion.
2. 'Who 3. 'Who 4. 'What 5. 'What 6. 'Who 7. 'Who 8. 'Who 9. 'Who 10. 'What I l.'Who 12. 'Who 13. 'What
1.
Japan.
?
- take a photo - ge on holiday - study English - havel by coach - eat at a restaurant - give sb a present . visit your friend - play video gimes
e.
Io poii,
She went to
e.g. A: When did you last take a photo?, B: I took a photo a week ago. When did you ... etc
d. On TuesdaY,
19.
weeks.
Ask and answer questions, ss in the example.
,
night? I ;' :-.rrr:::,,,
GTwo
e.g. A: Where did Meg go?
4. Who (send) the letter? 5
E Light clothes and a camera. F 2nd July.
5. Where/stay?
the past simple' Then
e.g. - Who broke the window? - Mrs Brownls son did.
I
23. Put the verbs in brackee into the cowectform of the past simple.
l I
l.
I
l
A: What (you/do) when you (fmish) school? B: I (travel) through Europe.
i J
143 l
l
\ 2. A: How much meat (you/buy)?
B: Two kilos.
'The navy.'
A: (you/enjoy) your holida/
3.
'How many yearsi .......... he .................. at sea?'
B: Yes, we (spend) most of our time on the beach. 4. A: When (you/visit) India? B: Ten years ago. I (like) it very much.
'Ten years.' 5. 'Where ......:...... he ...... when he left the navy?' 'Back to his village.'
5. A: (yor.r/speak)
to Fred yesterday? B: Yes, I (phone) him. 6. A: (you/frnish) the book I (give) you? B: Yes,I did. 7. A: What (they/have) for breakfast? B: Bacon and eggs. 8. A: Where (you/be) last night? B: I (meet) a friend for dinner. 9. A: (you/be) at home last night? B: No, I (nottbe). I (go) to hospital. A: What (happen)? B: I (fall) offmy bicycle and (break) my arm. 10. A: When (be) the last time you (go) out for dinner? B: Last Saturday. A: Where (you/go)? B: To Pierre's, the new French restaurant. A: Who (you/go) with? B: I (go) with Terry and Sandra. A: (youfrave) a good time?
B: Yes, it (be) great. 24. a) Read the text and put the verbs into the past simple.
,
6. 'What
i
7.
'A farm.' 'Who .......
he............
he
.........?'
.......':??
:'
l
'Carla'.
8. 'Howmanychildren thgy.......... .......,.'l' '.
'Tbree.'
I
25.
,' ,.
Study and practise the conversations.
l.
Isabel: Mom, do I really have to help Dad? Yes, you do. He wants to clean the garage and he needs your help. Isabel: Did you have to help your parents when you were my age? Olga: Yes. As a matter of fact, I had to work in your grandfather's store. Isabel: When did you have to work? Olga: I had to help him on the weekends and after school. Isabel: What did you have to do? Olga: I cleaned around the store, and when it was very busy I had to help the customers. Isabel: What else did you have to do? Olga: Sometimes I had to cook dinner and clean the house. Isabel: Why did you have to do that? Olga: Because your grandnnother wasn't well, and she couldn't do it.
Olga:
Complete this conversation.
A: Did you have to help your parents when you were younger?
B:.... A: What did you have to do?
B:.... A: When/why/what else ...
?
B:.... b) Now complete the questions I
.
'Where
'On
a
. . . ..
Tom
farm.'
2. 'What.........:he ...........-. 'To 144
see the
world.'
as a boy?
'
.. to do??
2. Simon: Hello, Wendy. Wendy: Hello, Simon. Hello, William. Did you have a good holiday?
Simon: Yes I did. It was fantastic! William: No, itwasn't. Wendy: Where did you go?
r45
Simon: We went to France.
rbr He nHgel Pury ceroAIUI yrporr,r? 22.Pasae ee He 6blno AoMa, KorAa rbl npnurer? 23. Mue He rloHpaBlulcx Snlru. - Mue roxe. 24- Yrpou a nran xoQe. - -f roNe. 25. Auu He 6rrno Ha BeqepnHKe. - Bzxropa roxe. 26. B Be
Wendy: Really? What was the weather like? was very hot. Wendy: Oooh, you were lucky! What was the food like? Simon: Oh ... it was very good. Wendy: What did you do there? Simon: I played tennis every day. Wendy: Oooh, great! Simon: And I went cycling. Wendy: Great! Did you go byplane? Simon: No, we didn't. We went by train, but it was very comfortable. Wendy: When did you get back? Simon: Yesterday ... Wendy: Well . ". that's the end of the holidays! Simon: Yes ... what a pity! William: Thank goodness!
Simon: It was fantastic! It
26. Ask each other about your last holidays.
nporxJr)rc urrHltqy q 6rtr o.ieHr 3aHflT. - fl roxe. 27.f[oueuy rll He HaBecrr4Jr cBoro 6a6yrury? 28. flocleAsufi paz s urpilIa s. sorefi6or r.nrb rer Hasa1.29. OH ue gnan o rBotD( upo6leuax, ne'tak lu? 30.,Tu ocraHhar[nancn y poAcrBeHHuKoB IIJII{ n rocruuuue? 31. Os npnexan n uae?,- Her, on npnexzrn B anpene.32. lloveMy oH He roHul uac? 33. Kar
yunn 4ereil rrJraBarb. 41. Kro npLIHec eru xpacnaGte'qeerrr? 42: O 're[,{ BbI goxropa? 43, fAe 6rtru sTl,I xHuru? - 3ru ruur* 6rnn'noA cm"npo""nr tou.44. Ha raerpan y MeHr 6ru 6yrep6poA LI qaIIIKa xo$e. 45. OHa raxxe 3annarvnaMHoro Aeuer? --f[ ne nugen. 46. Kot'o nrt ncrpeiu.rtr n pecropaiie? - -f, ecrperur cBoero craporo npyra.47.OHa npurotosma're6e yxuu? Her.48. Osa ue y3Hulna MeHq. - Ha cauou nerc? 49. OHa sa6urra o MoeM AHe
27. Translate into English"
poxAeHm. - Heyxelu?
6ulo cyxo lr coJrHer{Ho. Mu Aaxe xoAr{JrH ry3. KorAa 6rrl rnoft AeHb pox(Aerius.? - flrroro gera6pa. Bce uou Apy3bfl npr{unn [o3ApaBr.rrb Merur. 4. Haru nana BoArrn Hac B 3oonapK B npounoe BocKpeceHbe. Mrr nugelu MHoro cJroHoB, MeABeAeft H TurpoB. 5, X xorena nocJrarb lr,lcbMo rroApyrc, Ho y Merur ne 6ruo KorrBepra r.r MapoK. 6. Bvepa 6rrl nperpacuufi AeHu! Hau ne FryxHo 6silo u1rlz, Ha pa6ory, no3ToMy M6r no3AHo BcrirJrur, AoJrro 1. B.repa lren AoxAr? - Her,
tsru. 2. Kara.r 6rrra noroAa
B BocKpeceHbe?
KarzlJrrrcb Ha Jrbrxax B flapKe, rroroM BKycHo noo6eAanu AoMa, a BeqepoM cMorpenu reJleBr{3op r{ roBopr{n[ o xr,r3Hr,r. Mrr ornnquo npoBeJrr{ BpeMr.
7.Y sac rvepa 6unu sauarus? - Her,
nuepa 6rrn urrxo4Hofi. 8. KorAa srl 6ruru y Bpaqa B nocle4unfi par? - flosan.repa. V MeHrr clrJrbHo 6oler ey6. 9.Koraa Bbr rrpocHynrlcr yrpou? 10. tlro y rac 6ulo ua yxun? 11. Kro nplcnarr e'ro nucruo? 12. Kor.ua 3BoHrrrr rnofi 6par? 13. floueuy oHa rrpr{rrrJra B rpu? 14. KorAa rn n nocle4uuft pa3 BuAen Toua? 15.9ro rno6un Kyruarb rnoft crru, KorAa oH 6rrl pe6eHxorvr? 16. KyAa ero Apy3br e3Aunlr B bro nero? 17. Ou 3BoHnJr re6e avepa nevepou? - [yuaro, qro 3BoHlrJr. 18. Ilrrr ner Ha3aA.f, xnr B Pure. B ro BpeMr tpa6orwt B rtrKoJre. 19. Mos 6a6yurxa xoreJra r,rcneqb r6ro.{nbrfi trt,rpot, no3TgMy oHa rronpoczJra Merur Ky[r.{rE 16lor. Iftapor 6rrl oqenr nrycnufi! 20. Kro HaBerq€u nac nvepa? Hauru pogcrneHHr.rKu rrpxexzutl x nau. Mu 6ruru pa4u yBr{Aerb ux.2l.Paz-
t46
t47
f,rve years older tha'l me. My grandmother is the oldest in our family. Her eldest son is my father. The police station is farther from here than the library.
My elder brother is
I Grammar: Degrees of comparison. Articles with geographical names
saw Dick in the farthest corner of the park.
Please send me the books back without'fuither delay.
Topic: Comparing things and people :
.
.'lllustrative
Adverbs Susan runs fast. Lucy runs faster than Susan. And Mary runs fastest.
Situations .
France is bigger than Spain. Ge6rge is happior than he.was:
, Paula is a faster swimmer than Jane. .
j
,: .
Jane plays
.
.
i,
My sitting room is much,/far larger than my bedroom. Susan is alittle/a bit taller than Mary. The Nile is the longest river in the world.
l
well today. Mary plays better than Jane does. Helen plays best (of all).
Alice translates more quickly than Julie does. Susan translates most quickly. Olaf speaks English fluently. Hans speaks English less fluently than Olaf. Victor speaks English least fluently Michael works much harder than his brother. She runs much more slowly than Peter does.
ofhis friends. Sam is the tallest. Jane's hotel is comfortable. your hotel is more comfortable than hers. Mine is Sam is the tallest
I can't speak French as well as you. Mary doesn't work as/so hard as Peter does.
the most comfortable of the three hotels. Mine is the most comfortable.
My hotel is comfortable. your hotel is less comfortable than mine.
Practice Jane,s
hotel is the least comfortable of the three hotels. Jane's hotel is the least comfortable.
1. lVrite the comparative and superlative forms of
2. lVrite the comparative and superlative forms of
lrregular forms
l.
Sarah is a good swimmer. Lucy is a better swimmer than Sarah. Kate is the best swimmer. Kate is the best.
spelling is the worst. I have few books. I have only 10. peter has fewer books. He has 7. Jack has the fewest books. He's got only 3 books I have little free time. Mary has less free time than me. Jane has the least free
most books. He has 15.
148
John has the
following adverbs.
slowly 2. quietly 3. hard 4. fast 5. noisily'6. early 7. satisfactorily L late 12., carelessly 13. clearly
3. Agree with the
following statements. Do it, as in the example.
e.g. A: George's house is very big. B: Yes, it's bigger than mine.
l. Sally's
dress is very expensive. 2. Peter's sister is very young. 3. Tom's job is very exciting. 4. Jenny's hair is very long. 5. This book is very interesting.
4.
ll.
the
8. carefully 9. quickly 10. easily I
Mike's spelling is bad. Roger's spelling is even worse than Mike's. Jack's
Robert has 6 notebooks. Jack has more notebooks. He has
following adjectives.
1. long 2. expensive 3. strong 4. diffrcult 5. intelligent 6. popular 7. safe 8.important 9. loud 10. weak ll. comfortable 12. delicious 13. beautiful 14.4ry 15. hot 16. happy 17.bad 18. angry 19. good 20.fat2l. sad 22.pretty
The book is much,/far more interesting than the film. My brother is as tall as my father. (They are the same height.) Maiy is not as (so) clever as Julie.
time.
the
Fill in the comparative form,
as
in the example.
e.g. My motorbike goes (fast) yours. My motorbike goes faster than yours.
t49
(old) you' work (hard) Paul. 2. Today it is (cold) yesterday' 3' I'T the first (crowded) was +. gngrirr, is 0ittie) diflicult Japanese. 5. Thg last bus o'".6.tneed-a(big)bagthis.T.Travellingbytrainis(expensive)travelling are (good) for your by bus. 8. A coat costslmuch) a jacket' 9' Vegetables 1.
1 . This bag is too small. I need something . . . . (much/big) 2. It was very hot yesterday. Today it's ... . (a biUcool). 3. I enjoyed our visit to the museum. It was ... I expected. (farlinteresting) 4. You're driving too fast. Can you drive ...? (a bit/slowly) 5. It's ... to learn a foreign language in a country where it is spoken. (a lot/easy) 6. I thought she was younger than me, but in fact she's ... . (a little/old).
I
health crisps.
5. Fitl in the superlativeform,
as
in the example'
9. Fill in the gaps with the comparative or superlative form of the adverbs, adding any necessary words.
e.g. Sarah .'. person in my family' (young)
Sarah is the youngest person in my family'
e.g. Al swims ... you do. (fast)
Al swims faster than you I ,
l (
6. Complete the sentences. (Jse a superlative (-est or most
"') I
a
preposi'
L Jill Thomas works ... all. (hard) 2. My best friend plays chess ... I do. (well) 3. Catherine dances... all. (beautifully) a. I lefttheparty...youdid. (late) 5. The leading actress speaks... all. (clearly) 6.Mysisterdrives... us all. (carelessly) T.Myuncle gives ... to the poor ... my father does. (generously) 10. Rephrase these sentences using 'as
tion (of or in).
It "'
a
It l. It's a very cheap restaurant. It's .., the town. 2. It was a very happy day. It's a 4. class. the ... she student. intelligent was ... -yiit". 3. she's a very me' for time busy very a is Spring 5' gallery' the lo"ry .rut rutt" painting. It ... It ... the year. the
following
sentences use one of r
a superlalivs
* a pteposition'
very good room' It "' the hotel' It is one of the best rooms in the hotel'
e.g. It's
try.
S.Ilsethewordsinbracketslocompletethesentences'Usemuch'labitetc' a comparative.
e.g. Her illness was .. ' we thought' (much/serious) Her illness was muoh more serious than we thought'
150
l. Jean's mother is generous and so is Jean.2. Nell's brother is clever and so is Nell. 3. Mary drives fast and so does Helen. 4. Our home is comfortable and so is yours. 5. Last srunmer was very hot and so is this su[lmer. 6. Jenny works hard and so does Becky, 7. Jackcan run fast and so can Jill. 11. Complete the sentences using 'as
.
.. as ... '.
e.g. I'm quite tall, but you are taller. I'm not as tall as you.
a
It l. He's a very rich man' He's one ' " the world' 2' lt's a very big castle' ' ' ' bad a very was It 4' Britain. 3. She's a very good player' She "' the team' counthe ge's He criminal' "' a very dangerous op"ri"rr.". It ... my tiie. S.
*
. as . .. '.
John is as handsome as his father.
the hotel'
very good room' It's the best room in the hotel'
In
..
e.g. John's father is handsome and so is John. e.g. It's
7.
do.
l. My salary is high,
but your salary is higher. 2. You know a bit about cars, I but know more. You don't ... . 3. It's still cold, but it was colder yesterday. It isn't ... .4.I still feel quite tired, but I felt a lot more tired yesterday. I don't ... . 5. Our neighbours' house is large, but our house is larger. Our neighbours'house ...
.
12. Complete the sentences using as 1.
I don'teat...
..
. as o/ than and the word in brackets.
you. (much) 2. Englandhas... people... Holland. (more)
3. I can't speak French ... you. (well) 4. Harry isn't ... I am. (strong) 5. Chocolate isn't ... milk. (healthy). 6. Bill's car isn't ... Tom's. (fast) T.Julie isn't... her husband. (old) 8. This knife is ... that one. (sharper)
151
9. This dictionary is ... that one. (good) 10. The petrol station is house ... the bank. (farttrer)
... from my
Lynn:
ThePacific.
Keiko:
Right again. All right, what's the longest river in the world? That's a good question. Let's see. The Amazon? No. The Nile. What's the highestmountain? Mt. Everest in the Himalayas. ':'; ,': :;"l : Yeahj What'sthelargestdesert?,\ "';1 I don't krtow. The Gobi Desert in Asia? No. The'Sahara Desert. OK. One more and I've had enough. I get tired of playing games like this. What's the'bigge'st lake? ' Lake Superior is the biggest freshwater lake, isnlt i!? And ttie Cas. pian Sea is the biggest saltwater lake. Ut-huh. Ybu got it.
Lynn:
13. Write one word in each space.
Keiko:
I . This book is better . -. the other one. 2. Jim is not . . . tall as his sister, 3. I don't like running. ft's ... interesting than swimming. 4. This filn is fun1ier ... tlie last onewb saw 5. Do this exercise fust. It's... important.6. These boots are cheaper ... the other ones. 7. Don't wor4r. It's not ... bad as you think 8. This rqad is loqger ... I thought. .
Lynn:
14.
Fill in the blanks,
as
in the example.
was a disaster! My hotel ,oo^ iu smaller than (small) the one in the photograph in the brochure. I think it was (small) room ... the hotel. The weather was terrible too. It was (cold) in England. The beach near the hotel was very dirty - it was (dirty) all thd beaches on the island. The food was (expensive) ... I expected and I didn't have enough money. One day I went shopping in a big deparbnent store and broke a vase. It was (expensive) vase ... the whole shop. But (bad) thing ... all was that I lost my passport and couldn't go back home. It was (honible) holiday ... my life.
I went on holiday last year but it
15. F1II
in the blanks,
as
in the example.
M: I'm happy Irm not a woman! W:Why? M: Men are better than (good) women. W: But you are (stupid) person I know! M: Don't be horrible. Men are (intelligent) ... women They are (logical) and (good) cooks ... women are! W: Your ideas are (old-fashioned) ... mine. I think women are (clever). They are (sensible) and (practical) ... men - and men are (bad) drivers than women because women are fuatient).
M: But men
are (athletig). W: Oh, please. Let's talk about something else. tion I have ever had! 16. Learn and reproduce the
Keiko:
Lpn:
Keiko:
Llmn: Keiko: r52
fhis
is (ridiculous) conversa-
Lynn: Keiko:
Lynn: Keiko:
:
:
17. a) Compare your Jlat and your friend's cosy, Iight, dark, etc.).
flat (comfortable, Iarge,
small,
b) Compare the weather in January, the weqther i4 September and the weather in Jane. (cold, warm, cool).
c) Compare the members of your family (young, old, strong, tall, short, patienl friendly). d) Compare the Volga, the Neva, the Don (ong, short); the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the fndian Ocean (warm, deep, cold). 18. Translate into English.
l. 3ro MopoxeHoe He raKoe DKycHoe, KaK To. 2. Ona cav.ar' r<pacnBafl, AeByurKa B ruKore. 3. Kaxa.fl rr3 grlrx KHur caMiur uurepecnax? 4. Ona xoporuufi AoKrop. 5. Ona 6onee xopourufi gorrop. 6. Ona caurrfi nyrumfi Aoxrop. 7.3ro xpacunnft ropoA. 8. 3ror ropog 6onee rpacnnrrfi. 9.3ro caruufi xpacueufi ropoA. 10. OH noKir:rJr MHe HHrepecHyro KHr,rry. 11. OH noKa3arr MHe
6olee uurepecHyro KHHry. 12. 3ro 'r,ucTu KoMHara. 3ra xounara.ruue. 3ro cauas cucrafl KoMHara. 13. .flHnapt canaufi xoloAusft Mecrq B ro.uy. 14. OHa 6nneru. 15. Mox KoMHara- TaKrur )Ke cBerJraur, KaK saua. 16. CeroAnfl noroAa HaMHoro xonoAuee. 17. Ero pa6ora xy)Ke, rreM pa6ora uoefi cecrprr. 18. 3ra ynuqa caM&r KopoTKar. 19. Y ilenr MeHrrue Apy3eft, veu y re6r. 20. Y uee MeHbure pa6oru, qeM y MeHr. 21. Mofi crapllruir 6par Ha ABa roAa crapnre ueus.. 22. On ne rarofi yunufi, KaK Bbr AyMaere. 23. Muuct< ne raxoft 6olrruoft, xax JIoH.qon. 24. Muttcxoe Merpo TaKoe )Ke Kpacr{Boe, KaK noHloHcKoe Merpo? 25. Olaa pa6oraer raK )Ke KyflLrna caMbrs Jr)trrurue
following conversation.
What's the smallest-country in the world? Vatican City. Right. OK, ryhat's the largest city in the world? Mexico City or Tolryo. Mexico City. What's the biggest ocean?
Keiko:
l
153
ynopHo, KaK r{ ee 6par. 26. Ou 6exa.l 6rtcrpee, qeM ocralbHble pe6l't'u. 27. Atuca caMilr [pHBJreKarerbHat [I3 rpex AeByIueK. 28. Ott [puexaJl no3xe, qeM ul'i,.29.3ror uarq 6olee unrepecHltft, rreM npeAblAylquil. 30. Tbl Moxerub pa6orarr 6ucrpee? 31. 3ror r[rurrrr.r MeHee HHrepecHltfi, qeM Tor. 32. Kars eJra Melrbule, veu Angpeil. 33. Ceronm xapqe, qeM Br{epa. 34. Mse Hyx(eH uxarp nouenblue, raK KaK KoMHara ne6omuaq. 35. Balu 6faC xa-
Muoro crapue sac?
- Her, oH MoJIoxe uenr,
36..
-f uauel
ero B
Grammar: Past Simple.
Article
Topic:Biography
caMoM
AanbHeM yrJry rrapxa. 37. Kaxne lI3 3Tlrx KHI{I BaM 6olrue nceno HpanrrcR? 38. B nocxpeceHbe fl BcraJIa no3xe, .IeNa o6rt,{Ho. 39. Bolruryo qacrb cBo-
Part A 1. a) Reod about Charles Dickens.
ero cso6oAHoro BpeMeHI4 oH rtpoBoAnr s 6vl6ruorere. 40. Onn uJlI{ raK xe MeArreHHo, KaK LI MbL 4l. Crolxo,ner naruefi ula[rueil,cecrpe? 42.3ror MaJrbrrnK Bbrrue Bcex Apyrn MarbqltKoB B Knacce. 43. Tou ropa3Ao yMHee
rel(cr ropa3Ao rpyAHee nepBoro. 45. Kaxofi ropog AHrrr,ru A€rnblue Bcero or 6epera uopr^? 46. CeroAtrs y Hac 6olrure pa6orrr, ueu Bqepa. 47. O:aa nepeBoAtlr MeAJIeHHee, qeM TbI. 48. Tu carurtft cnoro< 6parren. 44. Bropoft
rryqurufi ) reHlK Haruero KJIacca, He npaBAa tu? 49. fAe sAecr 6nnxafiruaq craHrrr{t uerpo? 50. Kro flpblraer Bbrlue n 6eraer 6ucrpee? 5l' 3ro 6unr caMbre cqacrJrllBble AHH B ee xtr3uu. 52. 3ro oqeub JIeTKUI saAaqa. Aafire une 6oree rpyAl{yto 3aAaqy. 53. Ir1rnlus He raKiul 6olluax, rax Kuraft. 54. Terusa raKiul xe KpacltBzul, xar Hena.
:_
Text 1: Charles Dickens (1812-;1870) Charles Dickens is one of the wrote about the reil *oild of
sts in the English language. He and and many of his characters were not rich, middle-class ladies and gentlemen, but poor and hungry people.
Dickens the child
His family lived in London. His father was a clerk in an offrce. It was a good job, but he always spent more money than he earned and he was often in debt. There were eight children in the family, so life was hard. Charles went to school and his teachers thought he was very clever. But suddenly, when he was only eleven, his father went to prison for his debs and the family'went, too. Only Charles didn't go to prison. He went to work in a factory, where he washed bottles. He worked ten hours a day and earned six shillings (30p) a week. Every night, after work, he walked four miles back to his room. Charles hated it and never forgot the experience. He used it in many novels, especially David CopperJield and Oliver Twist.
Dickens the writer When he was sixteen, he started work for a newspaper. He visited law courts and the Houses of Parliament. Soon he was one of the Morning Chronicle's best journalists. He also wrote short stories for magazines. These were funny descriptions of people that he met. Dickens' characters were full of colour and lile - good p"opt" were very, very good and bad people were horrible. His books became popular in many countries and he spent a lot of time abroad, in America, Italy, and Switzerland. Dlckens the man Dickens had ten children, but he didn't have a happy family life. He was successful in his work but not at home, and his wife left him. He never stopped uniting and travelling, and he died very suddenly in 1870.
154
155
b) Answer the questions.
... guitar and ...
l. How old was Dickens
when he died? 2. How many brothers and sisters did he have? 3. Was he good at school? 4. Why did he leave school when he was
eleven? 5. Who was in prison? 6. What did Charles do in his first job? 7. What was his next job? 8. Was he happy at home? 9. When did he stop
writing? c) Ask more detailed questions sbout Charles Dickens.
saxophone. 19.
... young should listen to ... old. 20. ...
highest rnountains in ... Europe are ... Alps. 2l.I wrote to her, but ... letter never arrived . 22. We live in .. . old house near .. . train station. It's two miles from ... city centre. 23. I was hungry this morning because I didn't have ... breakfast. 24. ... Rocky Mountains are in ... North America. 25. ... Texas is famous for ... oil and ... cowboys. 26. Mary comes from ... small town in ... west of .. . Ireland. 27 . Take the medicine three times ... day. 28. He reads . . . DailyMirror.29. ... two men entered... room.30. Look at... two menon...
bench.
d) Speak about Charles Dickens.
2 a) Read sbout Alexander'Graham Bell. Put the veybs
it
brackets into the
correctforms. Text 2: Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell (be) a famous inventor. He (be) born on 3rd March, 1847 inEdinburgh, Scotland.
Bell (graduatg) from Edinburgh's Royal High School in 186l and (begin) his first studies in sound in 1864 at Elgin's West House Academy. In 1870, together with his family, he (move) to Canada. In 1871 he (lecture) in Boston, USA, about how to teach speech to the deaf and in 1872 he (open) his own school for training teachers of the deaf in Boston. He (become) a professor at Boston University in 1873. Bell (invent) the telephone in 1876. He (marry) Mabel Hubband a year later and in 1880 he (invent) the gramophone. He was granted eighteen patents for his inventions.
Alexander Graham Bell (die) on 2nd August 1922, on Cape Breton Island, Canada. b) Ask and answer questions about Alexander Graham Bell.
c) Speak about Alexander Graham Bell.
i
:
4. Complglp the sentences with 'stop doingl and.$telt,to do'.,:
l. The phone never stops (ring). 2. Stop (shout)! 3. She got annoyed because her husband stopped (look) in every shop window. 4- Please stop (cry) and tell me what's wrong. 5. The place was very beautifirl and we stopped (take) pictures. 6. Why,don't we stop (eat) in that restaurZrrt? It has great food. 7. Why don't we stop (eat) in that restaurant? The food is awful. 8. It stopped (rain) a few minutes ago. 5. Translate into English.
l. Mocxea oAr,rH r,r3 caMbrx 6orsrurx ropoAoB uupa.2. flyurxr,rH oAr4H l,r3 nern.{afiurux nrcarerefi vupa. 3. Auuuficrufi r3btK He rarofi rpyAHsrfi, xar pyccxufi rsux. 4. Muorue lr3 Mor.rx ApFe[ yexanu :a py6ex. 5. Ona BcerAa B AoJrrax. 6. Ero oreu yr{Hren6 B uJKoJre s He6ortulofi AepeBeHbxe. 7. fae 4eHrru? - Onn Ha rrrcbMeHHoM crole. 8. Ero rorosa no.uua uaefi. 9. Onu nepecr€Inn pa3r'oBapuBarb, KorAa fl Botrrer B KoMHary. 10. flo Aopore e 6li6nxoreKy r Bcrperun cBoero crapolo flp]rrrrenx. -f ocraHonulcr, vro6lr noroBoprrrb c HHM. I l. Y rrren-q uHTepecHar pa6ora, Ho .rr He uuoro rapa6arbrBaro. 12. Ov nrc6nr r[yr6ol. Ou rarxe nrc6r.rr pu6a.nry. 13. B uoerr,r KHr4xHoM ryKaQy noJrHo KHIF. 14. -f oxonqun yHlrBepclrrer s 1998 roAy ri uauar pa6o-
necessary.
rarr n 6orruroft $nprvre. 15. -fl Haseqaro cBor{x pogureleil ABa pa3a B Mecru. 16. OH xynnl 6olnue r6nox, qeM f, [pocuna. 17. B grona ro.qy 6rrao MHoro
1. There is nobody at ... home. ... children are at ... school and ... parents are at ... work. 2. There are 20 classrooms in ... school. 3. Who invented ... telescope? 4. Sue's brother is ill in ... hospital. 5. There is ... good hospital in
cHera, IrogroMy Mbt r{acro xoAl4JIn Kararbcr Ha r6txax. 18. -f Ayua.l, qro N,Iofi cbrH HaxoAr.rrcr B urKoJle, a os 6ul Ha craAtroHe. 19. f.uaytuttcr Kararrct Ha KoHbKax, KorAa MHe 6ruro rolrxo lflTb Jrer. 20. -Tsos. cecrpa Bce eue
3.
Fill in the gaps with srticles if
our town. 6. He lives in .., Bristol now. He is ... lecturer at ... University of Bristol. T. Andrewhates... examinations.8. I like... tea. I like... strongtea. 9. Do you think ... love is ... most important thing in . . . life? 10. I enjoy talking to ... oldpeople. ll. I like... horses. 12. Lookat... horses inthat field. 13. I've got ... book about ... life of J.F.Kennedy. 14. There is ... post ofhce in West Street. 15. We ate ... cheese and drank ... wine. 16. Do you take ... milk in your tea? 17. ... flowers are always ... good present. 18. She can play 156
HaxoAr4Tcq n 6onrnuqe? - ,{a. - 3ro 6olrHurla Halporl,rB uapxa? - ,{a. 2l . Ona BblruJra r cag, .rro6rr orAoxrryTb. 22. Og BepHyncr B KoMHary, qro6rr ssqrr K;rror{r4. 23. On npr4Be3 vuoro QororpaQufi. 3ro 6tr.nrz cHunrxrz rex KpacHBbrx Mecr, Koropbre oH rrocerrrn. 24. Ou ruuoro pa6oran n pas6orarel. OH Huror4a He [peKparqar pa6ory. 25.
f
tro6tlno cnopr, oco6enHo reHHuc.
t57
-
Part B
Conversation Practice Study and pra)tise the:
ctinveriatiori. Tell Me
Linda:
So, Danny, could you:
Grammar: Future Simple - wilVshdll. Modals: have to, be able to. Object clauses
:
Tofic: f,'uture predictions
a Littte aboutYourself telline
a
Were you born in Lohdon? I was born in Cumbria, but we moved to London'wliien twelve.ryea1qpldr, '' : ,:, ,:,i,::,:. 1. ,'' :.. : ,:i1 :; ,;:rr rr
Danny: No, Linda:
lllustrative Situations,:
little about yourself?
I was
o'n.by
then,
bu1,
ive ha{ some great
and every weeiiend we went camping by the lake. Linda: How do you spend your weekends now? Danny: Working in the studio. When I have some free time, though, I go jetskiing. I really enjoy it.
Linda: Isn't it dangerous? Danny: Yes, it is. But I love every minute of it.
about future beliefs, opinions, hopes and predictions.
1. When and where were you born? 2. Where did you grow up? 3. At what age did you go to school? 4. Did you do well at school? 5. What did you do after you finished school? 6. What Institute did you graduate from? 7. \dhen did you graduate from the Institute? 8. What did you do upon graduation? 9. Where do you work now? 10. Are you pleased with your job? Why? Why not?
Parents work? live?
pasl
Use these ideas to help
School like? not like?
Free time sports? hobbies?
you
First
Illgher
inh
educnfinn
what? when? earn?
be late tonight.
In this case we often use win ('il) with: probably I'll probably be home late tonight. perhaps/maybe Perhaps/Maybe I'll be late tonight. (I'm) sure Don't worry about the €X&trI; I'fiI sure you'll pass.
(I) think (I) don't think
Do you think Mary will like the present we bougtrt hefl I don't think the exam will be very difficult. I expect it will rain tomorrow. I don't expect it will rain. I wonder what will happen.
(I) don't expect I wonder
2. to make decisions at the time of speaking (on-the-spot decisions).
'What would you like to drink?' 'I'll have an orange juice, please.' 'Did you phone Lucy?' 'Oh no, I forgot. I'll phone her now,' 3. to make promises. Thanks for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday. I won't tell anyone what happdned. I promise.
B. Ask your partner about the most important events in his/her life.
C. Write about your
I'll
It will rain tomorrow. I think there will be a lot of people there.
@ expect
A. Tell about the mqin events in your life.
when? where?
l. to talk
Jim willpass all his exams.
Danny:
Born
We use will:
Present
inh what? earn?
4. to make requests.
Will you take me to the station in the morning? Water the flowers, will you? 5. to make refusals
I've hied to give her advice, but The car won't start.
158
(:
she won't listen. the car lrefuses' to start)
159
1 Or-questions
6. to make offers.
Will you fly to Scotland or Ireland? Will it snow tomorrow or not?
That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. Will you (Won't you) have a snack?
Tag questions
7. make appoinbnents.
I'll
see
You'll see Nick tomorrow, won't you? We'll have to wait long, shan't /won't we? We shan't/won't be late, shall / will we? You won't come, will you?
you outside the cinema at7.3O.
I'll see you later. Shalt I ...? Shall we ...?
Bye,
.
we use shall to ask somebody's opinion (especially in offers or suggestions): Shall I open the windor/? (: Do you want me to open the window?) I've got no money. What shall I do? (:What do you suggest?) 'Shall we go?' 'Just a minute. I'm not ready yet.'
I. Study
Where shall we go this evening? Let's discuss it some other time, shall we?
l.
Practice
Compare: wiil, f am doing and I am going to (do). In the year 2100, people will live on the moon. (prediction) our school t.ip starts tomorrow. we're leaving atslu.. (F*ed arrangement) Are you going to play basketball tonight? (plan/Intention)
George: We
Yes
/ No questions * Short answers
think/expect so. Wh-questions
When will you finish yourhomework? Where will you gb for your holidays this summer? Who will phone Peter? When shall we start? 160
'll
of seds
have?
have the best seats, of course.
2. A: Hello. Can I speak
to Ms Jones, please.
B: I'm sorry. She isn't here right now.
A: Oh, that's too bad. When will she be back? B: She'll be back in two hours. A: I see. Illl call back then. Thank you.
Negatives
Will the shop be open tomorrow? - Yes, it will. A.[o, it won't. Will you buy a new car? - Yes, I will. A.Io, I won't. shall we have to wait long? - I'm afraid /I think /expect /suppose so. I don't
Brenda: I hope it won't be too hot in the theatre. ' George: No, I don't think it will be. Brenda: We won't be late, will we? George: No, we won't. We'll be on time. Brenda: I hope we'll have good seats. Do you lrrow what kind
we'll
Stqtements I'll have a holiday in July. I think there will be a lot of people atthe party. I'm afraid you'll have to wait a little. The boss is busy now. I think she will be able to help you.
I won't be at school on Friday. It won't rain tomorrow There won't be many people there. You won't have to wait. The boss isn't very busy right now. He won't be able to take part in the discussion, I,m afraid.
and practise.
I
B: You're welcome. Goodbye. 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple.
l. I (meet) them again in two weels. 2.I'm sure Jane (like) her birthday present. 3. Dimitri (notftnow) the hnswer,4. (you/give) ushoneurork olFridaf 5. I think ow team (win) the match. 6. Lots of people (rad) Micbael White's book. 7. There (not/be) any lessons tomorrow. 8. Mr Jones (be) back at about 7.30. 9. You (not/have) a lot of time to answer the questions. 10. I (choose) the team next week. 11. (weisee) you tomorrow moming? 12. (tfu train/be) late? 13. (you/be) free this evening? 14. I don't think there fte) any difficulty. 15. (you/get) a taxi? 16. How long (he/stay) in Rome? 1Z Where (George/live) next year? 18. What (Mary/study) next yeadl 19. When @illylcall) his uncle? 20. What (your children/have) for dinner? 21. Do you think (it/be) cold tomorro*? 22. Who (Jane/go out) with on Saturdal4 23. Who (come) to the party? 24. What do you think (you/get) for your bfuftday? 161
What (Mr and Mrs Peterson) plant in their garden? 26. When (the tain/arrive)? 27. When (Mr and Mrs Smith) move to Miami? 28. When 25.
(we/finish) our English booHl 29. (Mary and Bob/get married) soon?
It'll I'm
be cold tomorrow. (I'm sure) will be cold tomorrow'
1.
I...
a
hurry.
youmine.
I... it.
'
-
i
tomor-
row. 3. ... will be sunshine in Ma&id next week. 4. ... will be hot in Rome tomorrow. 5. ... will be less pollution in 20 years' time. 6. ... will be cold in prague tomorrow. 7. . . . will be rain in Paris today. 8. . . ..will be strong winds in London next week. 7.
Make short dialogues using the promp6. Roger will be able to get a new job soon? B: I don't know Maybe he will, and maybe he won't. We'll just have to wait and see.
1. A: Do you think
Don't worry, I won't forget. I'll br-lng it toniorrow, I promise! c. No, I won't. It's mine.
a.
Prompts: Doris/frnd an aparfrnent; Mr and Mrs Wilsolr/move to Paris; you/go to the beach this weekend; we/speak English well; Jeff/go skiing
b.
will.
I
you later.
I'll see you outside the cinema. g. I'll have a sandwich, please. 5. FiII in the gaps iith tne verbs from the list in the future
... apizza,the\.
l. ... will be fewer cars in the future. 2. ... will be foggy in London
l. Bye for now!
see
can't find myumbrella and I'm in
6. FilI in It or There
I
2. Give me that piece of cake! 3. Where's your homework? 4. What would you like to eat? 5. Where are we going to meet? 6. Please remember to call me. 7. Will you be at home tonight?
I'll
A:
B:
4. Choose the most suitable reply (a-g).
e. Bye,
5.
t
car next year. (I think)
d. Yes,I
don't want to cook tonight.
: 6. A: The ice cream is melting. ' B: I ... it in the freezer. 7. A:I don't know how to use this computer' B: OK.I... you. 8. A: Goodbye! Have a nice holidaY! B: Thanks. I ... You a Postcard. 9. A: The phone is ringing-
sure it
We;llwin. (I expect) 2. I'll leave soon. (I think) 3. Jim won't be late. (I'm sure) 4. It won't take long. (I expect) 5. You won't have any problems' (I'm ' swe) 6. You'll enjoy the parry. (I think) 7. They won't decide anyttring yet. (I imagine) 8. The train will be late. (I don't expect) 9. They won't be at home. (I'm sure) 10. They will go to the seaside. (I suppose) 11. I will buy my own
A: B:
B: OK.
3. Rewrite each sentence using the words in brackets.
e.g.
4,
I
2. A: I;m afraid I won't be able to help
you clean yotr garage tomorrow'
B: You won't? WhY not?
f.
A: I've got to go to the bank. simple.
B: Don'iworry about it ['m sure I'll be able !c clean my garage by mpelf'
put, take, show, go, 6rder, teach, answer, lend, send
prompts: paint your living room/fly to chicago; fix your bicycle/go to work; make a pizzalvisitmy parents in the country
l.
3.
A: The dog is ill. B:
I ... it to the vet.
2. A: We haven't 3.
got any milk.
B: Never mind. L.. and buY some, A: Have you got a new car? B: Yes, I ... it to you later.
t62
A: I won't be able to come to see you tomorrow. B: Whf
A: I'll have to do mYhomework'
Prompts: take you to the station/ study for my exam; see you'/help my son with maths
t63
T Aercfl [oAoxAarb.' - C4onrxo rratre:nf4ietca xAarr? . Ororo ,tn;ca.'Zg, Borocb, rrro oHa H-e cMoxeT p4M noruovp.,30. !u .orrloxerur p,{enarb ory pa6ory
8.,Ask all types of questions about the following sentences.
l: She vrill spend twd'day3'in'the'couhtry.'2.'Roger'urill go tb'I-ohdon'cih Tdesday:'3.' They {vill!have to do'thi's ".wbrk"agaih;"4,'They'willihiv6 'to stay heretill Friday. 5. She will be able to use the cornpufer. 6. Tom willbe ablb :'' to find a good job in Australia. 9. Put each verb in brackets into a forp'of
tinuous More than one ansreer may
be
call? 31..fl. He cMory tputrryv, roToyy ,rro 6y.uy 3arurr BecE Aeay. 32.
peg, Ha (onrrepre 6yAer uuoro q4pary.33.
,, ,
.
., ^:...
11.
George: Will you marqrme, dading? Brendal Of course;I will. George: Is.that a promise? Brenda: Of course it is . ..-I love you. . 2. Brenda: Ge-orge!
l. Sorry to keep you waiting. I (not/be) long. 2. 'I need to gb do the dentist.' 'Okay, I (drive) you there.' 3. I'm sorry I can't meet you tonight. I (go out) with my parents. 4. Careful! Y6u (knock) that jug offthe table! 5. Oui teachel (give) us a test tomorrow. 6. I think our team (probably/win).'1:rli(gO) tb end of next week. 8. In .fifty years' tinib, most i2eople ycles to work. 9. According to the weather forecast, it 10. 'Your shirt is dirty.' 'I know. I (wash) it later.' 11. 'What (yor.r/do) next we I'm sure Kate (let) you borrow her CDs. bicycle. 14. I (fly) to Madrid next week. I n. 16-. 'It's hot here.' 'I (open) the window. you.' 'Okay, I (phone)-her tomorrow.' 18. 'Why did you buy those brushes?l 'I,(p?rint) the house.' 19. They (have) dirurer at Mario's on Saturday eyening.
5.
ftt
-fl cupouy y
6ecnorofic.fl, roruo 6y.[y. ll. I4Hrepeoro, 6yger ru,r xounuotbp pd6ora,rr ceroArur. 12. He..ynepeua, 6y_.uer,41l 9ra rre,crur ng5ry-urpHofi,,t3, fI9 auary, nprrAer Jrr,r oHla celo4{r. 14. Tr.r 6yaeUn AoMa 3aBrpa B rrrb?.- Hgrr, r 6yly " 6u6ryrorexe..f 5. fae nu 6yAere uocrg geuuf 16. Onu noftrrayr rrac? -HaAeqacaM Be-q9pa? paAg4oBa rroqb, EjTo ga,.l1,'Qg,e9pHercr K Aecqrr "!8.,A,6yxy 19. Ko14qrpry xyn4un y61
On ue npr.lggr, ue rax.ru? Ha gaMou.nere?r24. So 25. A se A)rMaro, vro 6yAer AoxAE, 26..Ou ue nofiAgr B:pecropaH:cgroArrr BerrepoM. Ou 6yaer sautr. 27. He 6ecuoxofics,. fl, se ono3Aruo. 28. Bau nplr-
-
t64
)
A: Oh, yes, ofcourse! The date, too. A: I've got an excellent new catalogue. B: Oh, have you? Let rpe have a look at it. A: It's in my oftice. Shall I fetch it? B: Yes, please do!
1
uaro o6 groru.
,:.
Brenda: You're drunk. Shall I drive? George: No, I'm OK. I'll drive. Brenda: No, you won't. Give m9 the keyg! 3. Brenda: Oh, George ... we haven't got much for dinner. George: That's all right. Shall we eat out? Brenda: Oh, yes! Where shall we go? George : Let's go to that irew Italian restaurant. Brenda: That's a marvellous idea. 4. A: Please fill in this form. B: Shall I put myfull name? A: Yes, yourftrme infrill, please. B: Shall I put the date?
l. He noo6eAaerrrb ru,r rbr co usofi? - Iloo6eAarc. 2. tlro 6yAena sarasusarr? .fl rosrruy prr6y, a K?rm, t AyMaro, Bo3bMer. Mrco. 3. He 3Haro, KyAa ,r noeAy orAHxarb cneAyrorqr.rM JreroM. 4. rlepee ro4 a nonpo6yn [ocrynurb B yHtrTI
.
George: Yes, dear.
10. Translate into English.
MEHHO B'IM
Study and practise the following dialogues.
l.
.
nepcnrer. 5.
5 ys9-
B Ha3HaqeHHoe
BpeMfl.
will, going to or present"'cdn-
possible.
Mu 6yAeurovno
12.
FilI in shall ar will
l. 'You look tiied. ... I do the cooking tonigla?' 2.'I carf t do this exercise. ... you help me do it, Pat?' 'Yes, of course.' 3. 'This room is in aness. ... I clean it?' 'Yes, plehse.'4. 'I have a headache. ... you bring me an rispirin, please?' 'Yes, I'll get one for you.' 5. "The phone is rin$ng. ... I answer it for you?' 'No, thanks. I'll get i{.' 6. 'I'm busy. ..' you pick up the children from school?"Yes, certainly.' 7. 'l'm tliirsty. ... )lou get me a glass of water, please?' 'Yes, of course.' 8. 'The posfinan has just deliveied the mail. ..- I (No, it's alright, I'll do it.' open it for you?' 165
13. Helen is giving a party. some friends have come to help her. Look at lhe prompts and make sentences zsmg shalt as in the example.
e.g. Shall I send the invitations for you?
'send the invitations . decorate the living rocim . make the cake . do the
Grammar: Present Perfect (l) Topic: Talking about activities one has (not) done
cooking
The day after the party the house is in
a
rnes;. Heren is asking her friends to
help her. Look at the prompts and make sentences using wiile as in the ex-
I
ample.
Will you put the decorations away, please? . put the decorations away . do the washing-up . help me move e.g.
the CDs away 14.
Fill in the gaps with
the question words
from the
ii
*"
,o1u
o
put
'{
,01
list and shall we.
when, what, how, how much, who, where
^ll 1r
lr
I
MHe rroMorrb narra? - Her, cuacn6o, Mbr crrpaBr.rM
;
B cr 8. Bxnroqurr rererusop?
Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key. He has lost his key: He lost it-recently, and he still doe$n't have it. When we say that 'something has happened', this is usu4lly new information.
. . .
Oh! I've cut my finger.
The road is closed. There's been (there has been) an accident. Wom the news) Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery. When we use the present perfect, there is a connection tirth now. The action in the past has a result n ovv.
. . . .
Where's your key? - I don't know. I've lost it. (: I don't have it now) remember it now) He told me his name, but I've forgotten it. 1: 1 now) Is Sally here? - No, she's gone out. (: she is out"un', I can't find my bag. Have you seen it? (: Do you know where itis now?)
You can use the present pbrfect withjusl, already, yet, ever, never.
15. Translate into English.
l.
lllustrative Situations
{
cs..
2. Btt nau nouoxere?
x"ffi.#["i;. rpa a rearp?
- Aa.g. rloxanyficra, nepegafire MHe
_
flouuralocr. coJrb. 10. Trr
l. O6rxcHurr ero euqe pas? _ ceroAHr n xuno?, C yAonoJrbcrBlreM. floegeu 3aBTpa:a ropoA? - Eotoct, rrro He - KoHe.rHo. I
Are you hungry? - No, I've just had lunch.
Hello. Have you just arrived? Don't forget to send the letter. - I've already sent it: Has it stopped raining yet? I've written the letter, but I haven't sent it yet. Have you ever seen a lion? - Yes, I have. A.{o, I haven't: I've never seen a lion.
Note the difference between gone (to) and been (to):
.
Jim is on holiday. He has gon€ to Italy. (= he is there now or on his way
.
Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy.
there)
(:
she has now come back)
Compare the present perfect and the past simple.
. . 166
Sorryr, he isn't here. He's left.
Sorry, he isn't here. He left at 8.00.
t67
.
elephant. 37, She has just flown in ager about it. 39. Peter has already learnt my irregular verbs. 41. I've r
Rmaldo has sc-ored a goal! We are interested that he has scored. We are not interested in when he did this.
.
Ronaldo scored a goal in the second minute of the match. We are interested in the time when he scored. . I\e broken my pen. Now I can't write my essay! This explains why we can't do something now. . I broke mypen at school in the maths test. This orplains what heppened, where it happened and when it happened. . Haveyoubeen to China? Yes. . When did you go to China? I went in 1998.
We use the present perfect to give new information (see above). But contirure to talk about ig we normally use the past simple.
I
if
{ we
A: Oh! I've burnt myself B: IIox' did youdo that?
A
I picked up
a
f
spoken to the manand snacks. 40. I've e's plays. 42. I have poems? 44. How much already had my dinner. 43. Have you ever written his bed. 46' I can't made already money have you spent this week? 45. He has pictures fifteen has taken 47. She money. believe that Mike has stolen the 50. job? you visited Brazil? ever 49.Have you a new found today. 48. Have that put on the rnagazine . I have 5l place ever visited. I've Brazil is the best shelf. 52. I have sent the invitations. 53. I'm afraid I've forgotten his addreqs. 54. She has gone home. 55. I haven't rung him up yet. 56. Have you eaten ye9 57. Mr Hanson has taught me swimming. 58. Ow! I've cut myself! 59. I've never driven so fast before. 60. I have run five miles today. 61. Mary hag just sung a nice song. 62.Davidhas built a shed in his yard. 2. Read Nick's list
of 'Things to Do'for
/
hot dish.
Book hotel Check the limetoble
A
Look! Somebody has spilt something on the sofa. B: We[ it wasn't me. I didn't do it.
fnvite Titn
r
Borrow o guide book
/
Practice
Look ot the moP Buy o ticket x Pock my suitcose x Choose my clothes
f. Lookand say 1. I've
just come from
a very important meeting. 2. He has not thought about
univenitl'yet. 3. I have just spoken to my boyfriend on the phone. 4. Helen has brought the mail. 5. He has caught a cold. 6. Andrew has chosen a good present. 7. Victor has told us an interesting story. 9. Lucy has drawn a nice picttrre. 10. Have you heard this opera before? 11. Have you over swum in the Atlantic Ocean? 12. Has he lent you any money? 13. Has Bill shown you his newcar? 14. He has fallen asleep. 15. She has just woken up. 16. I've left my wallet in the car. 17. ['ve never worn a tie to work, and I refuse to start now! 18. Why are you so hard on him? What has he done? 19. We have drunk all the wine. 20. I'm afraid they have eaten all the cake. 21.l've broken my arn, ari you can see. 22.Have you fed the baby? 23.He has sold his car. 24.Iha-
ven't found her phone number yet. 25. I've never been to China. 26. Have you ever been to France? 27. I haven't real the letter yet. 28. I have thrown ttre newspaper away. 29. The meeting has just begun. 30. Dad hasn't given me a present yef. 31. Our team has won the game. 32. He has paid a lot of money for his house. 33. I have never met him before. 34. He has hit me twice. 35. I've lost my diary. Have you seen it anywhere? 36. I have ridden an
r68
3. Read Nick's
I
\
t I
I
his holiday.
/ /
r
list Write questions about iL
Use the words
in brackets.
a) (hotel) ...Hus he booked the hotel?
b) (Tim) c) (map) d) (suitcase) e) (timetable) . ............. f) (guide book) ........ g) (ticke| h) (clothes) 4. Read
Nick's IisL |lrite statements and negative sentences.
a) (hotel) ...He's booked the hotel. b) (rim)
c) (map) d) (suitcase)
169
;l
............. (guide book) ........ f)
{
8. lYork in pairs. Use the prompts to ask snd snswer questions with yet and
I
just,
g) (ticket) h) (clothes)
I
e) (timetable)
.
I
l. Harry (do) the housework. 2. There is water on the floor! What (happen)? 3. My dog (eat) my sandwich! 4. I (!ry) to learn Japagese. 5. Nick,(send) an email. 6. Gerald (catch) a big fish. 7. Where's my dictionary? Someone (take) it. 8. We're too late. The programme (furish). 9. Tina isnrt here. She (leaye). 10. Helen (lose) herbag. ll. I'm sorryI (break) yourpen. 12. I (frnd) your book! Here it is! 13. Jack (write) five letters. 14,'I (buy) some new shoes. 15. Kate and Bill (find) a new flat. 16. Carlos (buy) a dog. 17 . Maria and Helen (start) at a new school. 18. Jane (break) her cup. 19. { (lose) myumbrella. 6, Complete each sentence with the present perfect form of a verb from the
Iist arrive, copy, take, have, make,
miss;
phone, read, see, spend, wash
l. Oh no! That's the last bus, and we ... it. 2. (you) ... any James Bond books? They're really good. 3. I haven't got any more money. I ... all of it! 4. Ma< ... the dog for a walk. 5. I ... an idea! Let's go to Big Burger's! 6. I won't lose this information now. I ... the disk. 7. Your hair looks tenible! (you) ... it? 8. Hurry up, Carol. Your taxi ... . It's waiting outside. 9. I'm sorry I (nSt) ... the travel agent. I've been very busy. 10. (you) ... Harry Porter? It's my favoirrite film. I l Read this again. You ... some mistakes. ,,
In pairs, ask qnd answer questions, as in the example.
'
e.g. A: Have you booked a table.yet? B: Yes, I've just booked it.
l. book a table 2. pack our swimming costumes 3. furd the tickets 4. talk to the receptionist 5. meet Steve 9.
pairs,
ask
and answer questions, as in the examples.
,,
I
A: Have they done their homework yet? Br No, they haven't done their homework yet.
l.
yor.r/eat dinner/Yes
2. they/ do/their homeworl
8. 9.
bed/No realdast/No I 0. Mike/visit/the Louwe/Yes I l. you/tidy/your roomA'{o
10. Write sentcnces using the
l,
e.g. A: Have you seen Mary? B: Yes, I've seen het.
3. John/talk tolhis parents/Yes 4. she/read/that boolc/No 5 . theyI clean/ their house/Yes 6. Mark/buy/a new bike/Yes 7. you/phone/your fatherA.lo
fn
e.g. A: Have you eaten dinneryet? B: Yes, I have already eaterf dinner.
l. you/see/lr4aryiYes 2. Jim/eailltrsmeaL/No
170
in the example.
i
5. Change the verbs in brackets into the present perfecl
7.
as
ti.me
qressions in brackets, as in the example.
You have been to America. (evdr) Have you ever been to America?, (never) I have never been to America. Molly has worked in an oftice.
(ever)... (never)...
\
3. Colin has gone home.
(ve0... (already)... 4
Ralph and Wendy have eaten brealdast.
(vet) ... (ust) ... 1.71
Il.
F1II in the gaps withhave/hzs been (to) or have/has gone (to).
1. 'Where are Tom and Lucy?' 'They (go) Cornwall for the weekend.' 2. I don't live in London. I ... only ... there once. 3. 'Are you going to Vienna for your holiday?' 'No, I ... already ... Vienna.' 4.The Smiths ... many European countries. 5. Your sister -.. tlre theatre tonight. 6. Dad ... thelsupermarket. The ftidge is full. 7. I have heard that London is a pretty city but I ... nev€r ... there. 8. Tom and Bob ... the football match. 9. Tom has just come home. He ... the theatre. 10. 'Where are Julia and Dave?' 'They ... the sports centre with their friends.' I l.'. . . you ever . .. London?''Never.' 12. Complete the.sentences, as in the example
e.g. That's the fastest car ... (Veverlsee) That's the fastest car I've ever seen.
l.
... (Ileverlmeet), 2. That's the cheapest (Ueverlbuy)" 3. Mrs Green is the most interesting penion... (Veverltalk to) 4" That's the longest snake ... (/ever/see). 5. Those are the nicest flowers ... (yor.r/ever/give/me). 6. That/was the funniest joke .., She is the most beautiful woman
watch...
(Veverlhear). 7. That was the worst meal .. . (Ueverleat). 13. Complete the sentences with a time word
. l.
from the list
already, ever, just, never, yet, before
I don't want to
see this
filur- I've seen it...
.
2. Have you ... been to the Greek islands? 3. I've written the letter, but I haven't sent it ... . 4. It isn't a very good party. Most people have ... gone home. 5. 'Are you hungrf ' 'No, ['ve ... had lunch'. 6. George has ... eaten Chinese food, so this is the fust time for him. 14. Put the verbs in brackeE into the correctform ofthe present perfect
1- A: (you/everlgive) an interview? B: No, I (never/do) thal 2. A: What time does the train leave? B: It (ust/leave). 3. A: Is the new restaurant good? B: I (notreat) there yet. 4. A: Shall I do the cooking nou/.| B: No, I (already/do) it. 5. A Juli4 are youread/ B: No, I (not/dry) my hair yet. 6. A: Would you like tohave fturchwithme?
B: No, thanks. I (already/eat).
l:t2
I I
J
I
1
15" Sam hasn't seen John for a long time. He wants to lcnow what J'ohn has done since they last met. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the eiample.
A: Have you found B: Yes, I have. find /a new job?
a new
job?
buy a bigger car? move house? get married?
finish /your studies? start /taking karate lessons? 16. Make short exchanges using the prompts in brackets.
l.
The dog is barking. (yor:/take/for a walk) A: The dog is barking. Have you taken him for a walk? B: No, I haven't. 2. The food is burning. (you/turn offloven) The flowers are dry. (Ann/water/them) 4. The kitchen floor is dirty. (Scott/mop/it) 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
The baby iscrying. (CaroVfeed/her) There isn't anymilk. (Tim and Chris/do/shopping) Mary is on the phone, (yor.r/tell her/good news) The fridge isn't working. (Sam/calVrepairrrian) Our guests are here. (BilVset/table)
17. Ilse the prompts to make exchanges, as in the example.
l.
Haroldproud catch his fust fish A: Why is Harold proud? B: Harold is proud because he has caught his first fish. 2. Grace/trappy J.
4
graduate from university Nancy/tired cook/all day Frank and Lisa/excited book tickets for Hawaii Flora/smiling
win the lottery Andy/in pain break his leg
t73
T +
18.
Sndy and practise
the
,
following tex*. We Can't Decide
We haven't been to Greenwich Village yet, and we haven't been to Chinatown, either. We're going to do that tomorrow. Father: Have you seen the Statue of Liberty yet? Lilian: Oh, yes, we have. We've just had a helicopter tour of the city, and we flew really close to it.
My friends and I can't decide what to do tonight. I donlt want to
see a
movie. I have already seen
a
movie this week.
Jack doesn't want to go bowling. He has already gone bowling this week.
Nancy doesn't want to
eat
at arestaurant. She has already eaten at a restaurant
I
this week.
Betsy and Philip don't want'to play cards. They have already played cards this week. And nobody wants to go dancing. They have all gone dancing this week.
It's already
tiI
t
9 pm and we still haven't decided what we're going to do tonight.
I'm an employee of the Goodwell Computer Company. This is a fypical Friday afternoon at our offtce. All the employees are working overtime. We haven't gone home because we lraven't frnished our work yet. Friday is always a very busy day.
him.
haven't frnished my work yet either. I'm the custodian, and I still haven't cleaned all the offrces. I haven't cleaned them because my co-workers haven't
I
I'm not surprised. As I said, Friday is always
a
very busy day at our office.
19.
Sudy and practise
l.
Dave: Have you travelled a lot, Jane? Jane: Yes, I've been to lots of places. Dave: Reall/ Have you ever been to China? Jane: Yes, I've been to China nvice. Dave: What about India? Jane: No, I haven't been to India. Liliar is talking to her father on the telephone. Lilian: We're having a lovely time, Dad. Father: I'm sure there's a lot to do!
2.
l,r+
the
following conversstions.
20. sharon is on vacation in san Frqncisco. she's checking her list ofthings to do while she's on vacation. On the list below, check the things Sharon has already done.
I
Alan is a secretary in a very busy ffice. He's checking his list of things to do before 5 pm on Friday. On the list below, check the things Alan has already
{
done.
{
- call Mrs. Porter - type the letter to the Ajax Insurance Company - go to the bank - take the mail to the post office - clean the coffee machine - speak to the boss about my salary
1 l
{
I I
I
gone home yet!
Father: What about a show? Have you seen a show on Broadway yet?. Lilian: No, we haven't. We're going to one on our last night here, but we haven't decided what to see Yet.
- see the Golden Gate Bridge - visit Golden Gate Park - take a tour of Alcatraz Prison - go to Chinatown - eat at Fisherman's Wharf - buy souvenirs
Working Overlime
The secretary hasn't typed two important letters yel The bookkeeper hasn't vritten all the paychecks. The office clerks haven't delivered all the mail yet. And the boss hasn't spoken to three important people who are waiting to see
Lilian: There is! 'We've been for a walk in Central Park' It's so big! And we've climbed the Empire State Building. The view was fantastic'
( II
It's Saturday, and Judy and Paul Johnsort are doing lots ofthings around the house. They're checking the list of things they have to do today. On the list below, check the things they've already done. - do the laundry - wash the kitchen windows - pay the bills - clean the garage - fix the bathroom sink - vacuum the living room
175
. drive a bus? - no . fly in a plane - a month ago
21. TeII about your experiences in the place where you live. What have you done? What haven't you done yet?
Adjectives: exciting, fantastic, amazing, delicious, great, awful, horrible, terrible, disgusting
a
list of things you usually do at school, at work, or at home. Check the things you've already done this weelc Share your list with other students in your class. TeIl about what you've done and what you haven't
2. Make
A: Have you ever visited
done.
23. Translate into English.
B: Last surnmer. It was exciting.
A: When did you visit
1. 3axpoire, noxanyficra, oKHo. - -fl yxe sarpru. 2. Bst xor4a-un6yAb r.rrparn e uaxr\4ar;r c Po6eprou? Xoporuo nn oH r4rpaer? - { ue sHaro. -g Hr.rKorAa c HLrM He [rpan.3. Bu eu1e ne o6eAann? \ayafire noo6eAaena a raQei OHo ra yrnoM. 4. Bu ceroAnfl 6rrnu s 6n6rr,rorexe? - Her. 5. -fl roarro qro no3aB'rpaKurrr. 6. Mu eule He 3aBTpaKanu. 7. [eru yx€ no3aBrpaxanra? 8. Mu npulrrnu flo[pouarrcr. Mrr ye3xaeM qepe3 ABa AHfl. 9. -fl Hagerocr, qro f, He cAeJrzrna nv oAnofi ouru6ru n grofi pa6ore. 10. Brr HnKorAa ne 6rulr.r no Qpanqun, He raK tu? ll. Xalr, uro rbr He BHAeJra3ToT Srarru. Onraxoft cueurnofi. 12. Mu He MoxeM rroexarb 3a ropoA, Mbr erqe He c4arnt nocneAnuft sxsar\leH. 13. Ceroftrq flvcfiex:ila rsoft rlrc6urdnft nupor. 14. Mox Aoqr yxe 3axonruua r4Hcrnryr l,r oceHbro HaqHer pa6orarr. 15. Brr qr,rrnnu ory xnnry? Ona oqenr r4Hrepecutur. 16. fae rnor cecrpa? - OHa yma. 17. Brr yxe nepeexanrr Ha HoByro xnaprrapy? 18. Hss[Hr,r. f za6sn rBoro $aMnnr4ro. 19. Brr rorga-nu6ygb nr.rrrn raxofi nrycnrrfi cox? - Hr,morAa. 20. OH yxe upnnren? - Her, ou eue He rrpuruen.2l. flocuorpra! Ona paz6ur.a qa[rKy. 22. Cxolrro KHnr rbr npoqr,rrztl Ha groft HeAene? 23. A orserl4.Jr Ha gro uncbMo ceroArur. -fl He r4or cAenarb groro paHErne. 24. A cJroMirJr .{acrl. Koroprtft ,tac? 25. Mofi nana MHoro 3Haer, noroMy qro oH MHoro qr.rrirJl. 26.Ov yxe perurrlr, qro AeJrarb c KacceraMr{.27. Moir Apyr Kynr.u Hosrlil AoM, Ho oH eule He KynuJr ue6elr. 28. f rc ona? - Oua norula B Mara3r.ru. 29.Tnoir 6pa'r xenr,rrc.lt, He raK rtr? 30. Tu nH4er ceroAHf, Prary? - Her. 31. Tn npr,rnecna cronapr? - ,{a. Bor o:a.32.3ro caMa.q HHTepecHzur xHr4ra, Koropyn x ror4a-ru6o rrurilr. 33. 3ro caMas nyilnu Mar[r,tHa, Koropyrc t
Prague?
25.
In pairs, ask and ansuter questions using the prompts below, as in the
example.
A: Have you ever been to the USA? B: Yes, I have.
A; When did you go? B: I went n2002.
1. goltheUSA(When)
2. plantJa tree (Where) 3. sing /in a choir (When) 4. save/your money (Why) 5. meet a politician (Who) 6. travel by boat (When) 26. Put the verbs in brackets into the presentperfect or past simple.
l.
I 1
I
3. I
i .l
l.
A: (you/ever/be) to
a circus?
B: Yes, I (go) to one last year. A: (you/have) a good time? B: Oh yes! I (have) a lot of fun. A: (you/go) to the theatre last night? B: Yes, I (see) an excellent play. A: What (you/see)? B: Romeo and Juliet.
,l
. visit Prague? - last summer . ride a camel? - no . stay in a big hotel? - last winter . eat Chinese food? - last Sunday
,
A: Have you ever ridden a camel? B: No, I haven't. I've never ridden a camel.
KorAa-nn6o BoAnn. 24. fn pairs, use the prompts and the adjectives in the list to ask and answer questions, as in the examples.
.
Prague?
B: Yes, I have.
A:
-./
(yor.r/do) the shopping yet?
B: Yes, I (do) it this morning.
A: (you/wash) the car yet? B: Yes,I (already/wash) it.
I
. meet a famous person? - no
176
r77
roBopr{r, qro ee poAr{renr{ Kynunu oqeHb Aoporyn MarunHy. OHa ronopnr, qro oHt{ Kyrlnu ee B rporuJryo cy96ory. 6. B 6u6luorexe 6p1no MHoro Ha-
4. A: (you/wer/eat) Chinese food? B: Yes, I (eat) Chinese food last month.
5.
A: (you/like) it? B: No, it (taste) terrible. A: (you/ever/work) in a bar? B: Yes, I (work) in
6. 7. 8.
I
l
a bar last month.
A: (yor.r/enjoy) it? B: Yes, I (enjoy) it very much. A: I (eat) at Martin's Steak House last night - the food was delicious. B: That's iny favourite restdurant, I (eat) there manytimes. A: (youlbuy) a dress for the wedding yet? B: No, I (not/frnd) anything that I really like. A: (Susan/come) home from work yet?
1
i
i
I ( q
I
potry.7.Kar sa^{ [oHpaBr{ncf, uocneAnuft Qnnuu rro reJreBu3opy? 8. .f ne Mory Aarb re6e ery KHr{ry, noroMy qro r Atur ee AHe. 9. fol HagaA ruu 6rrrr.r 3Aecb. floMHnur? 10. Oua ocrperu.na cBorc MaMy ABa qaca Ha3aA. ll- On yxe cAeniu AoMarrrHee 3aAaHHe, r,t oH Moxer nofiql norylrys. 12.Iloxalyftcta, gait MHe rBolo pysKy. f. norepm cnorc. 13. On'rynun rro-Hu6ygr? Her, oH roBopt{T, rrro y Hero ne 6ulo Aener. 14. Karr yuna B Kr,rHo ABa,raca Ha3aA r{ eule He BepHynacl. 15. Trr 3axa:laJra 6nnern?,- Her eue. - Iloveuy TbI He cAelana groro nvepa? - -f, corepruenno sa6rura o6 srou. 16.,fl 4arHo BUeJIa 3Ty nbecy. Ayxe sa6rrra ee. 17. floveuy Bbr nporrycrHnr,r 3aHrrr,rrr IIo aHrnuficxouy f,3brKy B vernepr? -.f yeaxan B KoMaHIHpoBr(y.
B: No, she (call) and (say) that she's going to come home late tonight.
27. Complete the story. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or past simple tense. A Sad Story of a Sad Man One Sunday evening two men (meet) in a London pub. One of them was very unhappy. 'Life is terrible, everything in the world is really boring.' 'Don't say that,' said the other man. 'Life is mawellous! The world is so exciting! Think about Italy. It's a wonderful country. (you/everlbe) there?' 'Oh, yes. I (go) there last year and I (not/like) it.' 'Well, (you/be) to Norwaf (you/ever/see) the midnight sun?' 'Oh, yes. I (go) in 2004 and I (see) the midnight sun. I (not/enjoy) it.' .
'Well, I (iust/return) from a safari in Africa. (you/visit) Africa yet?' 'Yes, I (go) on safari in Africa last year and I (climb) Mount Kilimanjaro. It was really boring.' 'Well,' said the other man, 'I think that you're really ill. Only the best psychiatrist can help you. Go to see Dr Greenbaum in Harley Street.' 'I'm Dr Greenbaum,' answered the man sadly. 28. Translate into English
l. Bu yxe Br{AerH eror Qrurru? 2. Ero
Aa, x B[AeJr ero Ha npouulofi HeAene. uarr yMepna, (orAa eMy 6ruo ceur ner. 3. On ne s ru.KoJre ceroArul,
noroMy rrro oH ga6olen. - KorAa oH 3a6one[? - .f, gyuarc, oH 3a6onen Br{epa.
4. Kyna rEI nonoxtl.u uonorenqe? 178
'
fl
ne uory uafirn ero. 5. Mor roApyra
r79
Practice 1. llrork in pairs. Take turns to ask for and grant permission using the words given. Try to ask and answer in as many ways as possible. Grammar: Modals: can/could/may/might Qrermission),
{
can/could/wilVwould (requests) Topic: Telephoning
1
Communication: Permission. Requests. Desire
CarlCould I ask you a question? may (formal) mrght (moreformal) May/\4ight I speak to the manbger, please? Giving permission
Yes, you canlmay. Certainly. Sure. Of course.
All right.
Please do.
Refusing permission
No (I'm afraid), you can't. No, you may not. Sorry, no. No, I'm afraid
not.
Please don't.
Can you? (informal request)
Can you help me, please?
Will you? (familiar)
Will you get
me my glasses, please? Could you make me some tea? May I have a glass of water? (request)
comptre: May I open the window? (askingfor permission) Would youAVould you mind? (more polite andformal than "could you) Wouldyoupost this letter forme? Would you mind typing these letters for me?
Agreeing Of course. Sure. Certainly. No problem. OK. No, not at all. No, of course not.
Refusing
I'm afraid/Sorry I can't. I would. I expect so. Expressing a desire to do something I'd like to talk to you.
180
and politely refuse
words below. Try to ask and answer in as many dilferent ways
as
possible.
l. help me move into my new
house 2. open the window 3. take the car to the gange 4. switch the lights offwhen you go to bed 5. tell John I can't see him tomorrow 6. lend me your rubber 7. see who's at the door 8. take these letters to the post offrce
4, Work in pairs. A makes polite requests, using the words below. B refuses politely, using the words in brackets. Try to ask and answer in as many ways as possible.
Making requests
I want totalkto
for
3. llrork in pairs. Take turns to make and agree to a request, using the
polite)
Could you? (polite request) ll'/ay I (formal request)
smoke 2. open the window 3. use the phone 4. come in 5. take offmy tie 6. switch on the television 7. borrow your umbrella 8. speak to Emily 9. come and see him 10. use the lavatory
2. This time, use lhe same word combinations to ask permission.
Permission. Requests" Desire Asking permission can (informal) could (more
l.
l.
give me a lift to the party (I'm not taking the car.)
2. post this leffer (I'm not going anywhere near the post offrce.) 3. babysit for me on Thursday (I've got to go to a meeting.) 4. help me with my homework (It's too diffrcult for me, too.) 5. pick me up from the theatre (The car's still in the garage.) 6. work overtime tonight (I've promised my sister to take her to the theatre.) 7. lend me €2 (I've got only 50p on me.) 8, help me move the piano (My doctor has told me I mustn't lift heavy weights.) 5. Express a desire. Do it, as
in the examples.
I'd like to be a pop singer. I want to go to a restaurant. 6. Translate
inn English
l. Bu ue nepeAaAuTe eft ery ranucry? - KoHeqHo. 2.3ail,aw, uoxar5/ficra, sa MHofi a uecrb. - Xopomo. 3. Tu ue noABe3errrb MeHfl Ha sorsar? - Konequo [oABe3y. 4. -fl ruory BocnoJrb3oBarbc{ Bau[M releQonou? - Koueqno. 5. Brt He MolJr{ 6ur uHe noMorrb npfi nepegAe? - 6orocr, r{To He cMory. .II yesxaro B KoMaHA[poBKy. 6. Mory r BKJrK)rlrrrb uarHntoQoH? - floxarryffcra, He Ha181
Ao. .fl ycrafla r{ xoqy nocnarb. 6.,{orrop, MoxHo MHe Kynarbcr r uope? ,{a, no roJIbKo He rynafirecr c;rr,trrKoM Aonro. 7. MoxHo MHe B3trb Balrr crrG raps? - Eorocr, rrro Her. OH uxe HIDKeH cauofi. 8. Moxno s4ecr rypnrr? Her, nem3t. 9. 3aecr HeJlbs.f, ocraBJurrb Marunrry. 10. Bu He Bo3paxaere, ecnlu,fl, Bocnonb3yrccb BaruuM Mo6HnbHhrM releQouou? - Her. 1l..fl ue rr,ror 6u noronoprrrr c Ar{percopou? - Borocr, rrro rrer. On sHruefl.
A: Hello! Is that Mr.Iohnson's offrce? Br Yes, it is. What can I do for you?
A: Could I
speak to
Mr Johnson, please?
B: No, I'm afraid nol Not for the next two hours..Any message? A: No, I'll call back in two horus' time. I hope he'll be able to talk to me then" B: Yes, I think so. Your name, please?
A: Hailey. Frank Hailey.
Telephoning 1. Study and practise the lollowing conversations. Make similar conversa-
tions
Mr Carler? ' B: Yes, John Carter speaking.
seven). (Susan Roberts) here. Can I speak to John, please?
A: This is Jessica Adams. I'd like to discuss the IBM contract. B: Yes, of course. When can you come and see me? A: Is four o'clock on Monday, OK? B: Four o'clock on Monday. Let me see. No, I'm sorry. I'm interviewing a new secretary then. A: Well, could I come at nine o',clock on Friday? B: Yes, that'll be fine. I'll see you then.
2. A:Hello. B: Could I speak to Mr lvanov? A: Who's calling, please? B: This is Brown from the Foreign Office.
A: Thank you. I'm putting you through. I: Ivanov speaking.
A:575 09 79. B: Hello! Is that Bailey and Co.? A: Yes, it is. Can I help you? B: I'd like to speak to Mr Bailey.
3. A: Hello,33467. B: Oh, hello, Mrs Gibson. It's Adan here. Can I speak to Laura?
A: I'm afraid she's out. B: Oh, that's a nuisance. A: Can I take a message?, B: No, thanks. Just tell her I phoned and A: OK. I'll do that. Bye for now. B: Bye.
A: Mr Bailey? I'm not sure he's in. Will you hold on a moment?
I'll
I'll go and find out. (Afew seconds later) A: Are you there? B: Yes, I'm still here. A: Mr Bailey is out at the moment. Will you leave a message? B: No, I think I'll call back. When will Mr Bailey be in? A: In the afternoon. Will it be convenient for you to ring then? B: Yes, quite. Perhaps I'll even come round. Do you think he'll be able to
call back later.
i
'
4. A: Hello. B: Hello..Can I speak to Mary? A: She's not here right now. B: Could I leave a message? A: Certainly. Just a minute. I havo to get a pen.
.
,,
see me?
A: I think so. Who shall I
l
5. A: Hello.
May I speak to Mr Roberts? B: Sorry, sir. Mr Roberts is not available. Is there any message? A: No, thank you.
Q: Right.
t82
I'll
call back later.
Cooabye.
I'll tell Mr Johnson you rang him.
7. A: Hello, is this
l. A: Hello, 69077 (six-nine-oh-double B: Hello, it's A:Speaking.
B: Just a second, I'll write it down. A: Thank you, bye! B: Ble!
!
say was calling?
B: Lawson. A: Will you repeat the name, please? B: Let me spell it. L-a-w-s-o-n, Lawson. A: Yes, thank you, Mr Lawson. I'll tell him you called. Bye! B: Bye! 183
9. A: Hello.
A: What number did you dial? B:239-8063.
NOHqI?
A: This is 8064. Try it again. B: I'm terribly sorry. A: That's OK. Goodbye. 2. Translate into English. - Aruro. lonopHr Epayr. Pa:ronop cpovunfi. By.urre mo6esnbr r-Ha fpsr, noxanyficra. - He xraAure rpy6Ky, uoxaayficra. CoeAltrqrc.
[ua;lor
2. - Moxno r-na Xapra? - K coxanenno, r-H Xapr Bbrruet. Kro ero cnpaurunaer? tlro-uu6yAr nepegaru? - 3ro r-u Epayr. floupocnre r-ua Xapra [epe3BoHnrb rvne, noxaryrficra.
Mofi Houep 7524468. - Xoporuo. OH uepernonflT - Cnacu6o. ,{o cnugaHrr.
-
Bu
Bitn,r
rro3xe.
3.
- Auro. Mory
r
- Conepurenno Bepno. Blarogaprc nac. - He sa uro. [o cBv4anhr. - Ao csu,qaHrr.
.{uaror
,{nalor l.
.{uaror
BbIueJr. Ho r A1rutato, rITo oH BepHerct q€pe3 HecrolrbKo MlrHyr. 9ro-Hu6yAr nepeAarr? - ,{a, noxanyficra nonpocr,rre ero [o3BoHI,ITb Mne s rlo6oe BpeMt Ao o6eAa. Mofi uouep 245-3077, Sauurua - Xuln, A-p flarplrK Xrnn. - Xoporuo, csp. fl ranuruy ... 3Hauul, 245-3077, A-p Xull. -f, aac npanruruo
- O.{eHr xaJlb, Ho ru-p Bpyr
B: May.I speak to Dr Brown? A: You have the wrong number. B: I do?
noroBopr.rrb c M-poM fpnnou?
orun6nrncb HoMepoM,
6.
- Aruo! - Anno, oro KBaprr.rpa AraHa Epayua? - [a.
- fl6sl
xoreJr noroBopl,ITb c Alanou. - floAoxAnre, noxarryficra. (Vepez H eKom op o e ep eun) - Anno! - I'ro rrr, Anan? fonopur Sayapa. Kar rnou Aena? - A, 3aar.r! Cnacu6o. Bce n nopr4xe. A KaK y re6x? - Xoporuo, cnacu6o. -fl 3aoHro, qro6u cKa3arb re6e, qro n cne.qnou5no cy66ory neuepou r rlpurnalua]o r ce6e Apysefi. flplNo4tt, noxarryftcra.
- Eolrruoe c[acn6o. Oxoruo. - flpenocxogno! Haqueu npnMepHo B TIoJIoBI{He BocbMoro. - flocraparocb He o[o3Aarb. - Xoporuo. Ey4y xgarr re6.r. florca.
[o
cy66oru.
- floxa. Cnacr.r6o, qro [o3BoHI{,JL
lwa:lor
4. - A-nno. 3ro gsoHur r-H Bpayu. Mory.r noroBopurb c r-HoM Crrrurou? - K-coxanenrro, r-u Clrur BblueJr. r{ro-uu6yAr nepe4arr? - Her, cnacu6o. He uoupt 6rr srt cra3arb, KorAa BepHercr r-n Crunr?
- flpuuepuo qepe3 [onqaca. - Cnacn6q. .f neperromo qepe3 [onqaca.
.{nalor
5.
- O$r,rc Mncrepa Epyxa. - fl.6st xoreJr rroroBoplrrr c M:poM Bpyrorrl. - Oatry Mr,IHyrKy. He seurafire rpy6Ky. .{ nocuo'rpro , y ce6t Jrlr oH.
Bu -
crryuraere?
[a.
184
185
We'll
eat as soon as John gets back. go for a walk after I finish my homework come before the party begins. Wait until the boss comes back. I'll be cooking whifeyou are sleeping. I'll be angry ifit happens again. Hurry up! If we don't hurry, we'll be late. It's raining. We'll get wet if we go out. If it is raining this evening, I won't go out.
I'll I'll
Grammar: tr'uture Continuous. Present Simple and Present Continuous in Topic: Future plans and arrangements lll
f-
and when - ientences
ustrative Situations
Compare:
Future Continuous
I don't lnow when the boss will sign the documents. But when he signs them,
The future continuous is used: . for an action which will be in progress at a stated future time.
I'll
This time next week, I'll be skiing in Austria. This time tomorrow, I'll be eating lunch on the plane. Where will you be working in ten years' time?
I'll
as a result
of
a rou-
be going to the city centre later. Can I get you anything?
With this meaning 'will be doing' is similar to 'am doing'.
I'm going to the city cente later. We'll be moving to our new house on Tuesday. . when we ask politefy about someone's plans for the near future - to find out
if they can do something for
us.
A: Will you be going to the post offrce today? B: Yes. Why?
A: Can you post this letter for
me?
A: Will you be using your bicycle this evening? B: No, you can take it. Present Simple and Present Gontinuous in if - and when - sentehces
We'll go out when it
stops raining.
When you are in London again, come and see us. (said to a child) What do you want to be when you grow up?
186
whether) Father will come home early. If he comes home early
I. Put the verbs into
tine or arrangement.
I'll
(:
ask him to take me to the circus.
Practice
Compare will be (do)ing and will (do): Don't phone between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner. Let's wait for Liz to arrive and then we'll have dinner.
. for an action which will definitely happen in the future
let you know.
I wonder if
l
the
funre continuous
tense.
1. Don't phone between 7 and 8. (we/have) dinner then. 2. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o'clock (we/play) tennis. 3. 'Can we meet tomorrow?' 'Yes, but not in the afternoon. (I/work).'4. Do you think (you/stilVdo) the same job in ten years' time? 5. If you need to contact me, (I/stay) at the Lion Hotel until Friday. 6. (you/see) Laura tomorrow? - Yes, probably. Why? - I borrowed this CD from her. Can you give it back to her?' 7. Look, it's getting dark. (it irain) in a few minutes. 9. Jane is paoking her things. (she/leave) tonight. 10. Our best,player is injured and (not/play) in the game on Saturday. 11. What are your plans for tonight? - (I/take) a friend to a concert. 12. What (yotr/do) tomorrow evening? 13. (I/not use) rny car this evening. Do you want to borrow it? 14. When (you/visit) your grandparents again?
2. Complcle
the
following dialogue using
the
luture simple or future con-
tinuous. Graham: Can I phone you tomorrow, Suzy? Sury: What time? Graham: Well, I'm not working tomorrow re 1.(phone)'you at 9 o'clock in thc morning. Suzy: Oh no! I (sleep) then. Graham: OK. I (call) you atnoon.
Suzy:
Well,I (wash) myhair.
t87
B.Bob: (you/beable)togoskiingwithusnext-weekend? :: Peter: No, I (be) in London then.
I (come) and visit you in the afternoon, then What (yoddo) around 3 o'clock? Suzy: I (get) ready for my aerobics class. Graham:Well, if I phone you at'5, (you/be) at home? Suzy: No, I'm afraid not, I (visit) my aunt in hospital. Graham:When can I see you Suzy? Suzy: Phone me tomorrow evening. I (not/do) anything then. Graham: Perhaps
Bob:
Bpervrfl
arr 6ylere cryularE rIpeKPacHyIo
My3ErI(y.
A l. If you (see) him, give him this'note.
tense.
2.
classes (be) over.
188
you (giv.g) her
I (only/sta/ if you (offer)
me Mark Gepair) the boat,
more money. 3. I don't know if she (write) to me. 4. If we (go) fishing. 5. If she (not/cook) dinner, we (order) apizza.6. You (burn) yourself if you (not/be) careful. 7. If you (ride) your bicycle like that, you (fall ofD. 8. I'(not/leave) until you (give) me 'ttre money: 9. When I (grow up), I (become) an astronaut. 10. When Barbara (open) the door, we (sing) Happy Birttrday. 11. As soon arr the taxi (arrive), I (let) you know. 12. I (help) you with the washing before you (go) to the gym. 13. Karen (go) to the airport after she (finish) work'on Ftiday niglrt 14. I'(buy), you a magazine when I (come) home from work. 15. As soon as we (be) ready, we (phone) you. 16. Please stay in your seats until the bell (ring). 17. I can't tell jrou when she (be) back. 18. I wonder if he (be) on time. 19. When Ann (graduate), she (travel) abroad. 20. If Jack (not/leave) now, he (miss) his bus. 21. Don't worry if we @e) late tonight. 22. If they (not/come) soon,.I'm not going to wait. 23.I want to see Julie before -we (go out). 24- (youlbe) lonely without me wlrile I (be) away? 25. I doubt if I (see) Peter today. 26.I want to go to
(attend)'it tr (visit)ri
I'd
C.;
nyreurecrnonarr?
in brackets into the correct
:
Thp platfogn of Portsbridge,station is.full of.peopler:They (wait) for an important,visitgr - fte Queen.:.They (expect) her to arrivc,$oon; She (bp,going) to ope-n a new sgcondary sohool:-,Portsbridge Qo4prglnensive.'The Mayor's.sgcretary (tetl)lrim.ahoutthe,plans for the day: 'She.(!e) here soon. We (wait) until we (see) the train., Whe.n the train (stqp), theband- (start) playing. Your so4 @ive) her sgme flowers-,when slre (get) off the train. You (make) a speech before she (leave) the station. As soon as she,(arrive) a! the school the children (begin) cheering. After she (open) the school, we (go) to the Town Hall. When she (get) to the Town Hall, you (make) another speech. After you (make) the speech, we (have) lunch. Before she (leave) Portsbridge,
2. Bor
yBr,qme, q€pes M[I{yry On 6yAer paccKzl3LlBarb o]cBoefi Bcrp€qe G qeMnaoHoM. 3. He upn
I
,,:.
friend in Sussex. Bob: Before you (leave), (you/give) me a ring?There are a few things like you to buy while you (be) there. Peter: Yes, of course. I (ring) you on Friday.
3. Translate into English.
1, 3aapa B oro
Really? Why (you/go) there?
Peter: There's a very importtint mebting; and'aft€f
r r:
a
present from the
5. Translate into
l.
!
English.
town-'
:
I
.
'
3ry nporpaMMy tro rereBrlre5e, nonpocr4 €ro. nplrHecrr{ MHe KHr{ry. 3. KorAa ypoKr{ KoHsarcr, ruu uofiAeu Kyrrarbcr. 4,. Ea:ra 3aBrpa noro4a 6y4er xoporuar, Mbr [oeAeM la ropg4. 5. Mu troAoxAeM, uoKa oHa-He orBer]IT. 6.Ec4u Karq He rrprrAer, t rro3BoHro €ft n trrec,rr caua.7. Kax rolrro onu xynrr 6u-1errt, otiu ye4rr. 8. Ecln ru eMy [oMoxelrrb, oH ioxe re6e nouoxer. 9. KorAa ou rrpneAer r Mocruy, gH uotaonur uau. Ho fl He 3Haro, KorAa oH npr.reAer. 10. Ona 6yAer cuacrnrlBa, ecJII{ TbI orBeAeub ee B rlapK. ,l l. I4nrepecfio, 6yAer nI43aET pa AoxAb. Ecau AoxA.s H9 6yAer, un nofi4eu Ha rrrrflx" 12. 9ro crr)Alrrct, ecJII,r oH qs rIpI{leT? 13, Tou 6y4er pa4, eclu MaMa noAapnr eruy Qoroanlapar Ha .qen"]po*Aeuus. 14. Ecrtn s. ne 6y.uy 9arurr B nrrHr.rqy:EeqgPoM; x.noil,ql Ha pbIHoK. 15,.'.xouy 3Farb, KorAa oH Ecnu rvmr.6yAeru AoMa
topy. 2. Ecnn on
3aBTpa., Mbr nocMorpr.rM
no3BoHr4T
TpaKaeM. 26. Tst noJr)ryurub o6e4, rorga ou 6yAer
roros.27..fl'c nnu noro"189
Bop Bbr Aer
He
ro
JII'I oH ceroAHt ' 28' Ec.lln BbI cKopo 3aKoHrrure pa6ory, 29'Mne 6y'
yBepeHa' npl{Aer
Dimitri and his family are going to live in Chicago. They're going to stay with his wife's relatives. Dimitri will work in the farrily's restaurant. His wife Anna will take any job she can find during the day, and she'll study English at night
[pLIMere y{acrut B 3KcKypcuu' 30' EcrH srt BCTpeTrre Aruo, nonpocHTe ee [oTopo[r,rTbcs. 31, fl' He 3HaIO' KOIAa MbI oII[Tb BCTpeTUvlC ,.32. OH Ue 3Uaer, KotAa y uero 6yAer AOCTaTOTIHO BpeMeHu, vro6rt nepeBecru 3To rlrrcbMo. .
6. Put the verbs
in brackets into the correet
Mr and Mrs Anastas are both happy and s-ad. They're happy because they know that their son and his family will have a good life in their new home. However, they're sad because they lnow they're going to be very lonely. Their house will be quiet and empty, they'll have to celebrate holidays by
tunse.
Kevin: (we/go) to the beach tomorioly'?
Ruth:
'iVeU,
themselves, and they won't see their grandchildren grow up.
f (wor$ in the moming, but I (phone) you when I (frnish)'
Someday
Mr
and Mrs Anastas
will visit
Chicago, or perhaps they'll even
move there. But until then, they are going to miss their family very much.
As you can imagine, it's very difficult for them to say gocidbye. 9. Tell about your plans
I catr't wait! Put the verbs in brackcts into the present simple, present continuous ot the future tense. 7.
John: Hello, Gary. Where (You/go)? Gary: To the sports cenfie. I've got a football training session. Our team (go) to France next week. We (leave) on Wednesday. that (be) great! How (you/get) there? Gary: We (travel) on the ferry. It (leave) at 5 o'clock in the moming' John: How long (you/stay) in France? Gary: About a week. We (play) four matches. The first one (start) at 3 John:
-Oh,
o'clock on Wednesday afternoon, and the last one (finish) at 5 o'clock on the following TuesdaY.
Jobn: Do you think You (win)? Gary: Yes, but I have to go now. The coach (shout) at me training. I (tell) you all about it when I (get) back. 8.
if I
@e) late for
J
for
the
future.
1. How long are you going to study English? 2. What are you going to do after you finish? 3. What kind of work ar6 you going to do? 4. Where are you going to live?
I I
1
1 I
lr .t
I {
{
Sndy and practise the text Saylng GoodbYe
Mr and Mrs Anastas are at the Athens Airport. Tlpy're saying goodbye to
J I
their son Dimitri and his family. It's a very emotional day. In a few minutes, Dimitri and his family will get on a plane and fly to the united states. They won't be coming back. They're leaving Greece pelmanently, and Mr and Mrs Anastas won't be seeing them for a long time'
1e0
l9l
{
I il
I
Grammar: past Confinuous Topic: Past experiences
{ {
lllustrative Situations Yesterday Karen and Jim played tennis. They began at ished at I1.30.
.l
l0 o'clock and fin-
Compare the past continuous (I was doing) and past simple (I diit): Pqst Continuous (in the middle of an Past Simple (complete action) action) . I was walking home when I met . I walked home after the puty hst Dave. (in the middle of an action) night. (: all the way, completely) . Kate was watching television when . Kate watched television a lot vlhen we arrived. she was ill last year. . When Karen arrived, we were hav- . When Karen arrive4 we had dining dinner. (: we had already ner. (: Karen arrive4 and then rnrc started before she arrived) had dirmer)
I
Practice
So, at 10.30 theywere playng tennis.
They were playrng
:
1. Study and practise.
they were in the middle of playing. They had not fin-
ished playing.
l.
All day long yesterday I was busy. I was repairing my car. We didn't go out last Saturday. The whole day we were working in the garThis time last year I was living in Brazil. she
wasn't looking.
As I was going to the station, I met a friend.
While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction.
2. A: You look upset.
{
While the children were playing, Mrs Smith was talking to her neighbour. When I was going to the beach, I met Mike with his girlfriend.
It was raining when I got up. I didn't hear your question because I was listening to a colleague. I saw you in the park yesterday. You were sitting on the grass tt6 lsading book. Were you eating when I phoned?
What were youdoing at l0 o'clock last night? Who was he waiting for at the bus stop at 6.00? So what were we talking about?
Who was waiting for you at the bus stop?
{ a
see me.
B:Really? When? A: At about 2.30. You were walking into the post office. B: That wasn't me. Yesterday at2.30I was fixing my car. A: I guess I made a mistake.
den.
I waved to Helen, but
A: I saw you yesterday, but you didn't
{ I
B: Yes. I had a bad day today. A: Why? What happened? B: I burned myself while I was cooking dinner. A: I'm sorry to hear that. (How awful!) 3. Miss Henderson usually teaches very ryell, but she didn't teach very well this morning. In fact, she taught very badly. While she was teaching, her supervisor was sitting at the back of the room and watciling her. It was alvexy
diffrcult experience for Miss Henderson. She realized she wasn't teaching very well, but she couldn't do anything about it. She was too neryous. 4. Yesterday I went for a walk in the park. While I was there, I saw lots of children who were playing. There was a man who was walking his dogs. He was throwing sticks and the dogs were running to catch them. A gardener was planting some flowers and some old ladies were sitti4g on a park bench enjoyrng the warm sunshine. It was lovely.
t92
7 3aK.2510
193
minutes later she (stop) at the local newsagent's to buy a newspaper. 'Mrs Turner, what are you doing here so early on a Sunday morning?' (ask) Mr Dilon. ' Sundal' (repeat) Joanne. She (stare) dt Mr Dilon and (start) laughing.
5. Alex wanted'to talk to his wife Deb on the telephone during the lunch break, but,he couldn't get through to her, because the line was busy. 'Who were you talking.to on the phone at oire o'clock?' Alex asked Deb when they got home. 'At one? Let me see ... To Amy. Wh/' 'How long were you talking?' 'Not very long. Not more than five minutes.' 'Five minutes? I was trying to get through to you till a quarter to two, but the line was busy all the time-.' 2.
Match Column A with'Column B.
Column A 1. While I was driving horne, 2- We were rynfshing the
children
r
3. The whole day yesterday 4. He cut his finger 5. At eight o'clock yesterday morning 6. As she was crossing the street, 7. While theywere talking,
Column B a. as he was chopping.wood. b. we were painting the floor in our house. c. he was sleeping in his bed. d. while they were playng. e. she slipped and fell. f. I ran out ofpetrol. g. the doorbell rang.
l
'l
I
3. Join the sentences using as, when or wlule, as in the example.
e.g. Kim was looking out of the window. She sawMike. AdWher/While Kim was looking out ofthe window,
she
sawMike.
l. Cathy was washing the dishes. She dropped a glass. 2. T\e children werg playrng. Their father came home. 3. Robert was drirring home. He got a flat tyre.4. Mick and Charlie were leaving the bank. The police surrounded them. 5. Tina was cooking. She burnt herself. 6. Mrs Jason was sitting in the garden. It started raining. 7: She was walking in the park. A dog attacked her. 4. Put the verbs
in brackets into
the past simple or pastcontinuous.
That eVening Joarure (wake) up verl early. She (dress) and (leave) for work at 8.30 am. As-she (drive) down Main Street, she (notice) something strange. No one (stand) at the bus stop and there (be) very few cars in the streets. A few
t94
in brackets into the past simple or past continuous. (walk) l. We in the woods when the storm (begin)r 2r!(you/work) last night? Last night? No, I (not/work) last night.,3. ,A.s I (do) the washing-up,'I (break) a glass. 4. Who (yor.r/dance) with at the parfy last night? 5.'We (talk) when she (come) into the room. 6. Why (you/laugh) all through your history lesson yesterday? 7. I (drink) a glass of milk I"(be) a boy. 8. It (rain) while I (wait) for a bus. 9. How fast ( thb accident (happen)? 10. Sam (take) photographs while I (not/look). I l. When I last saw Stevd;rfue (try) to get a job. 12. We (be) in a very difficul.t.position.,We'(not /kibw) what to do. 13. I (meet) Tom and Jane at the a.irporla fewlweeks,ago.rilhey (go) to Paris and I (go) to Rome. We (have) a chat while we, (wait) for our flights. 14. I (see) Sue in town yesterday, but she (not/see)'me. She (look)ithe other way. 15. What (you/do) at six, o'clock y6sterday moming? 16. My brother (fix) the washing machine while I (water) the.plants: l7."(Vtell) you what (happen) to me last Sunday? 18. When Tom (come\home from work I (talk) on the phonb. 19. Tom (clean) the swimming pgol and Lily (paint) the fence. 20. I (frnd) my pen while I (look for) my bag. 2l . I (clean) the windows when the telephone (ring).21. When he (frnd) the cat, it (play) under the bed. 23. Jarrc (have) a shower when the window cleaner (come). 24. What 5. Put the verbs
(you/talk) about when I (come in)? 6. A policeman is asking Mrs Hutchinson about a car accident she happened to see yesterday. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. P: What (you/do) when you (see) the accident, madam? H: I (walk) down the street. P: What exactly (you/see)?
H: Well, the driver of the car (drive) down the road when suddenly the old man just (step) in front of him! It (be) tbnible! P: (the. driver/speed)?
H: No, not really, but the old man (not/look) both ways before he (try) to cross the road.
P: (anyoire elselsde) the accident? H: Yes, the lady in the post ofhce. P: Thankyouverymuch. V.
Ask all types of questions about
the
fo.Ilowing statements.
1: At 10 o'clock yesterday Jack was drawing pictures. 2. Sam was listening to music all evening;:3..Tim was driving home'when fie accideni hrippened.
195
4. The Hawks were working in the garden having t,tppet when Mike Phoned.
all day yesterday' 5' They were
g. Read the texts and fiIt in the past simple ot ptst continuous. Then, ask and answer questions about the texts. Make similar tuls about yout ohtn
experiences.
Grammar: Modals: may/might (uncertainty), must (certainty). Impersonal subject r'r Topic: Seasons and weather
:
Part A 1. a) Read the texts written by three childrenfor an international teendger magazine.
Tert 1: Spring ls Here! and I (decide)- to go to the beach on the bus' it suddenly (start) to ratn. We,(wear) surnmer umbrella. While we (stand) there in the rain, we (wave) to her. Luckily, she (notice) us, and
Sprittg is.a wonderful season. It is my favourite season because everything is so beautiful and colourful. The weather is usually warm and sunny in spring. Beautiful flowers grow everywhere and the birds build their nests in the trees. However, the weather changes quickly. Sometimes, grey clouds appear in the sky and it rains, but after the rain, the sky nrrns blue again. In spring, I spend a lot of time outdoors. I often ride my bicycle and play with my friends in the park. The countryside is lovely in spring, so my family and t often go on picnics on Sundays. I love spring. It makes me feel happy and energetic.
(take) us home in the car.
I
I i
i
_t
for school. 9. Translate into English.
L Xors 6urlo norAno,
KTo-TO
r{rpafl Ha rruaHI,IHO B
CTOJIOBOfi.
2. OHa roso-
puna no reneQony, KorAa t Bo cMaTpr4BilJr, KOrAa Bbl BoIrlJIlI ,oo"4. 5. C Aecsrn Ao ntru a
oH rlpoHrpan B Ka Pe6e-
noTOMy qro HOK CnaJr, oHa roToBr{,fla o6eA. 7. Oua He BbIXOAIIJIa Ha ynl{Lv' B rueJl cl4JlbHbtft AoxAr. 8. -fl xoporuo rnato Pury. Mu xrulu rarrl l0 ler' 9' MbI yBHAen[
rHutfi AoxAr. 3BOHI{n
KorAa nossoruafl? 14. KyUa BarM,
ru
KorAat nplluen?
cnetrn;ul, KoIAa 16.
Tn cuorper
t re6r ncrperun?
re6e
t re6e
15. O qeM Bbl pa3rpBilPl{-
Brrepa BeqepoM re'nenusop?
-
Tert 2: Autumn Changes Autumn is a beautiful season. It is my favourite season because it's cool and thelrees change colour. In autumn, it often rains and ttre wind blows. kaves fall from the trees and birds fly to warm places. ln autumn, my mother always buys me a new bag, because school starts in September. My father collects the leaves from the garden. Sometimes I help him after school. At the weekends we often visit my grandmother. I like autumn very much. It makes me feel relaxed and happy. Text 3: Wondertul Ufinter
I ll
Winter is a lovely sgason.
It is my favourite season because
everything is
beautiful when it snows. The weather is very cold. It often snows and the sky is usually cloudy. Some animals sleep all winter. There are no leaves on the trees and there aren't any flowers.
[a' t97
196
do lots of things in winter. I go to school in the moming. In the evening I stay at home and watch TV or read a book next to a wa[n fire. When it snows, my friends and I go to the park and make a snowrnan. At the weekend my family and I go skiingrin the mountarns.
I
b) Ask and answer questions about the seasons ofthe year.
c) use lhe plan and,the prompts helow to write an article for your school newspaper with the title 'summer fs Great!' (50 - 70 words). Use the texts above as a model
'
Plan
Paragraph l: say why summer is your favourite season Paragraph 2: describe the weather and nature Paragraph 3: say what you do/what happens during the seasoni Paragraph 4: sayhow this season makes you feef . favourite season - beautiful, fantastic . weather and nahrre - hot, sun shines, sunny, aren't any clouds, trees, green leaves, birds sing, warn sea . activities - go on holiday, swim, make sandcastles, go on picnics, ride my
bicycle
. feelings - feel happy, lively, lelaxed, energetic 2, Put the verbs in brsckets into the correctforms. 1, It (never/snow) here but it (often/rain). 2. It (snow) for three days without stopping. 3. Look! It (rain). 4. It (rain) heavily when I left the house. 5. I don't think it (rain). 6. (itlever) snow here in September? - No, never. 7. It (novsnow) much last winter. 8. It (snow) so hard when we left the house that we could hardly see the road. 9. (itlrain) here yesterday? 10. It (often/novrain) here at ttiis time of year, it's usually dry and sunny.
3. Use the words on the left side with those on the right side. e.g. high temperature strong
fog
thick
weather
heavy cold
climate
wann frosty rainy windy
rain
198
snow autunrn
day moming
tenible'
r.. , rlight
dull''
afternoon
fine
S€ASON
nasty
month
dry
forecast clouds evening arr
wet sunny
hot
foggy light 4.
wind summer
Answer the questions using the prompts.
What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? on Sunday? in June? in July? in autumn? next week? Prompts: cool, sunny, rainy, warm, lovely, fine, dar.np, foggy, windy, cold, wet, snowy, nasty, cloudy e.g. I think it'll be hot next week. 5.
Ask your partner questions. Use the word combinations with the gerund
e.g. go shopping
A: Do you often go shopping? B: Twice a week. Prompts: go dancing (swimming, boating, skating, skiing, fishing, boating, climbing) 6. Read and translate the senteices.
l. The leaves were already turning brown.
2. The weather has turned cold and
windy. 3. He got very angry when I told him that. 4. They plan to get married in the summer. 5. The old man is getting weaker. 6. It is growing dark. 7. Green has become the richest man in the town. 8. It was becoming more and more diffrcult to live on his salary. 9. Are you getting tired? 7. Read and translate the sentences. Make similar sentences with the verb make rz the meaning 'to cause sb/sth to do sth'.
l. She always makes me laugh. 2. What makes you say that? 3. Nothing will make me change my mind. 4. The film was very sad. It made her cry. 5. Hbt weather makes me feel tired. 6. She made me do the,test again. 8.
Fill in the gaps with articles if
l.
She's going to her sister's for ... evening. 2. Our house can be very cold in
necessary.
... winter. 3. It was ... winter and we often went skiing.4. It was ... early 199
Part B
Gonversation Practice WeatherTalk
I" Read, learn and uct out
the
foUowing conversations.
l.Hans: Where doyou come from? Jim: I come from England. 9.
FiItr
in the gaps wilh prepositions if necessary.
the afternoon yesterday? 2. Where were you ... the afti:rnoon of May 21? 3. We went to New Zealand ..' last winter. 4. These animab only come out ... night. 5.They sleep ...day and hunt '.. night. 6. Tlb accid€ot happened ... Friday night. 7. It happened ... the night of l0 January- 8. Did you hear fhe storm ... last night? 9. Let's go out ... Saturday nighl 10. I'm working late .,. tomorrow nigh't. I l. I didn't get home until two -.. the moming" 12. We got the news ... the morning of the wedding. 13' Our group meets ... Friday mornings. 14. See you ... tomorrow morning, 15. We met ... a beautifirl Srmday evening. 16. The best view of London is on Water-
[.
Hans: What's the climate like in your country? Jim: It's mild, but i1's not always pleasant. The weather's often cold in the North and windy in the East. It's often wet'in the West and sometimes warrn in the South. Hans: Which seasons do you like best? Jim: I like spring and sumrner. Thrc days are long and the nighs are short. The sun rises early and sets late. I don't like auturnn and winter. The
\Mhere v/ere you
...
days are short and the nights are long. The sun rises late and sets early. Our climate is not very good, but it's certainly interesting. It's our favourite subject of conversation.
2.
B:
less expensive '.. the Nor,th than ... thE Sou*r. I 8- He lives ..-. the west of the town. I 9. They bought a villa' . . the Sotrth of F'rance.
ho Bridgp ... a rainy day. 17 . Houses are
A: B:
A:
IA Trarclatento Eftglish I. Xonoaaer. 2. Teuseer..3. Crano xaPKo, lI t oTKpEIJI onro. 4. Mrr sce crapeer (cranorl,IMct craprue). 5. Haua pa6ora craHoBl,rrct Bce uurepecHee. 6. Pe6enor no6leAnen ra noxyAeJl. 7. Pe6enor xyAeer. 8. Mope craHoBllrct cnoroftnee. 9. Iloroaa crzlna ropa3Ao xoJIoAHee. 10. .f6noru KpacHeror. 11. Brepa 6un noxar? 12. Bvepa ne 6ruro Ao)KAt. 13. Tu .4/Maelnb 3aBrpa 6yxer Aore,{r? 14. Hocblo ruen cI'IJrbHbIfi AoxAu. 15. ,{oxar sce enle Hr,er? 16. 3necr qacro I{A/r Aox,{l{ lerou? 17, 3aecr He r{acro ltlyr AoxAI{. 18. Mrr qacro KaraeMc.u Ha KoHbKax LI nblxtx smuofi. 19. Iloueuy AerI{ He crut? 3icTaBL ID( rerrb cnarr. 20. Mou poAllreJILI HI'IKorAa He 3acraBJltnu [f,eHf, AenaTb AoMaItrHee 3aAaHHe.
A:
B:
A: B:
3.
A: B: A:
4, A: B:
.A: B:
200
Lovely day, isn't it? Hmm, it's quite nice now, but I'm suro it may rain soon. You know I've got my umbrella with me, just in case. Yes, well, it might tum out wet or fine really, our English weather's so very changeable. But it's getting cold already. I think it'll be cold and dull all day. Hmm, it's very cold. My fegt are freezing. I suffer terribly from the cold. It may snow. The weather forecast said snow in high places. Hmm, I don't know. But I think it might be windy tonight. Where's the bus? I'm frozen. What kind of weather do you like? I like all sorts of weather, when it's hot, warm or cold, frosty or cloudy, except windy weather. It gets on my nerves. The English say: there's no bdd weather, there are bad clothes.
We're going for a picnic tomorrow. Why don't you come with us? I'd like to, but I think it's going to rain. The weather foiecast is not verygood. Rubbish! If hasn't rained for a week and it's not even cloudy today. But the weather forecast is more often right than wrong. 201
T A: B:
Forget the weather forecast. It must be about eighty this aftemoon. It'll be fine for our picnic. All right, I'll come, but I'll bring my umbrella with me!
b) Tell a story: Jack's Parents Need a Vacation. [Jse the word cues below.
Might
Might not
4. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? 5. What is your favourite sea-
l. watch too much TV 2. drink too much/many _ 3. eat too much,/many_ 4. go _ and get _ 5. forget to
son? Why? 6. Do you like winter? Why? Why not? 7. Which is the coldest/hottest rnonth in your town? 8. What kind of weather do you like/dislike? 9. Which is a good season for sports?
Jack's parents really need a vacation, but they're afraid to go. They're worried about their son Jack. They're afraid he might .
3. Study and practise.
6. Complete the following senlences zsrng must to express certainfit.
2. Answer the questions.
1. What is the weather like in your country in (the) spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter? 2. What is the weather like today? 3. What was it like yesterday?
L 2. 3.
4. 5.
Maybe it'll rain tomorrow. It might/may rain tomorrow. Maybe Illl get married soon. I might get married soon: Maybe I'll move to New York. I might move to New York, Maybe she won't come. She might not come. Maybe he won't like it. He mightnot like it.
A: Would you like to go skiing with me? B: No, I don't think so. A: Whynot? B: I'm afraid I might break my leg. A: Don't worry! You won't break your leg. B: Are you sure? A: Yes, I'm positive! B: OK. I'll go skiing with you. Prompts: go to the beach, get a sunburn; take a walk, catch a cold; travel by sea, get seasick; go to the movies, fall asleep 5. a) Read and learn the following dialogue.
A: Why don't you want to go to a party tonight? B: I might have a tenible time./ I might not like the music./
My friends might not 202
8.
on time
'i
e.g. A: Is he British? B: Yes, he must be grifish.
l. Are they married?'- Yes, they ... . 2. Does Arur know many people? - yes, she ... . 3. Is she in the garden now? - Yes, she ... . 4. Does he speak French? - Yes, he ... . 5. Is that Sue? - Yes, that ... . 6. Are they tired? - yes, they ... . 7. Does he earn much? - Yes, he ... . 7.
Rephrase each sentence using may/might or must.
e.g. Perhaps it will rain.
4. Read and learn the following dialogue, then make similar dialogues us-
ing the prompts.
6. do
7. feed
It might rain.
l. I'm sure this is right. 2. Perhaps I'll see you tomorrow. 3. I'm sure this is the place. 4. Perhaps I won't come to your party. 5. It's possible that our team will win the basketball match. 6. I'm sure we are early.i. perhaps I shan't 'have time to finish tonight. 11. I'm sure he is a tourist. 12. perhaps your watch is wrong. 13. It's possible Carol will phone me tonight. 14. I'm sure that Sam knows the answers.
8. Trsnslate into English.
Bosuoxno, ceroArut BerrepoM 6yAer AoxAr. 2. Moxer 6rrrr, urr floe,qeM B 3, BosN{oxno, r (yrrJrro gTy KHr,rry n Mocxae. 4. Ou, AonxHo 6rrt, Ha pa6ore. 5. On, Moxer 6trrb, Ha pa6ore. 6. OHu, Bo3MoxHo, He :Haror o6 srolr. 7. Beporrno, oHa 3a ropoAoM. 8. ,{onxno 6rrrr, Snuru eror nnrepecH-rrfi. 9, Brr, Bo3MoxHo, qpaBbr. 10. Ona, AonxHo 6urr, ouenr cua1.
}I:cnauurc,
CTJII,IBA.
be there.
243
9. Translate into English.
l. Karofi npolHo3 na sanrpa? - Eyaer xoJroAHo I{ AoxAJI}IBo. 2. 3ro cnfluJrocb ryr{auHrrru centr6prcrerM yrpoM. 3. B Har[eM ropoAe a Hor6pe yxe H€T Jrr,rcrseB Ha AepeBb{x. 5. Ha AepeBe Hanporl,tB Harlrero oKHa rp}t nrriubl. 6. Ha ne6e nn o6.naqra. 7 . Tsofl. cecrpa raKafl Kpacl{Baf . 8.,3ro raKilt r{HrepecH:ur KHHra. 9. IIoroAa 6ula xopoureft, n Mlt peuunn nofiru ncryuarucr. 10. OHa 3avraBurracuaaydpars KBaprLIpy. 11. .f oqeHr nro6nro BecHy, Kor.IIa
Teruro u rpKo cBerl,tr conHqe. 12. BosMoxHo, t Bc'rpeqy ee ceroAHt a 6n6Ju.roreKe. 13. fionxuo 6rnr, ona Aorua. 14. Te6e eue vro-uz6yAu rryxHo? 15. B nor6pe xonoAaer 14 qacro I,IAyr Ao)KAI{. 16. -fl .{acro 93)Ky Ha BeJIoct{-
neAe Ha ynla\e. 17. Kaxoft y Bac Krrr.rMar? - XonoAlrHft'n AoxArLtsufi. 18. Cefiqac Ha ceBepe rerrno, a Ha rone npoxJlaAHo. 19. Buepa cornue B3oIulo r 6 yrpa, a 3arruro B ceMb Beqepa. 20. Kaxar orBparl{Terbuar noroAa!
21. Karofi xaprrafi geHst. 22. IIoroAa craJla xonoAuoft n AoxArnsofi. 23. Ho.r 6rraaxoloAHofi, u ro4a sa 6alroue saMep3na. 24.Borc 3aMep3aer npr{ Hyne rpaAycoB I{erucur.
Final Discussion 1. Speak about the weather in your country. Say what you like or dislike about
it
2. Speark about your favourite season. 3. Describe the weather in your
county last summer/winter/autumn/spring.
4. Compare the weather in your country and the counry you visited some time ago. 5. Roleplay the
situttions
suggested.
1. Your friend and you are planning a weekend holiday. It depends on the weather, of course. Your friend knows the weather forecast for the coming weekend.
2. You and an Englishman are speaking about the weather in your countries. 3. Your friend has spent his/her holiday in the south. You ask himlher some questions about the holiday and the weather.
Grammar: Review of tenses. Infinitive. Gerund. Be able to. The verb ger Topic: Weekend. Picnic
j I.
a) Read "text
' PartA
1,
.
:
Text 1: What About Trying lt?
At the end of the week Father usually gets good ideas. Lasi Saturday when he was looking through the newspapers he found an article about skiirg. He read it and said: 'I don't remember when we last went skiing. What about trying it tomorrow?' Everybody liked the idea and we started our preparations immediately. All of us wanted to look smart. Jane took out her sports clothes. Mother sent me out to buy skiing caps. when I came back she was mending Father's old trousefs. She got angry when she saw the caps as they were all the same colour. Late at night our clothes were ready and we could go to bed.
At I I
o'clock in the morning I suddenly woke up. The women were still sleeping. 'Wake up, everybody!'I shouted. 'Stop joking in a silly way,' Mother said from her bedroom.'What about skiing?' I asked Father who was coming out of the bedroom. He paid no attention to my words. At breakfast he was reading his newspaper as usual and suddenly exclaimed: .Look, they say, swimming is the best way of losing weight. What about trying it?' b) Ask and answer questions about the texL c) ReteII the text
2. Make suggestions. Do it, as in the example. e.g. have a swim
A: What about having
a swim?
B: Yes, that's a good idea. Prompts: go to the theatre; borrow a TV set; play cards; go shopping; spend the weekend at the seaside; buy a cat; camp; stay in a hotel
204
205
qeHur r.rHocrpaHHoMy r3brKy. 16. Tn Bce eule pa6oraeur uaA csoefi crarbefi? 17. OHa uHoro sapa6arrrnaer. 18. B flpotunoM Mecrqe r He noxyAen. 19. flnasaHr.re 9ro xopouee yrpaxHerrre. 20. Bce yrpo oH roBoplrr o pbr6anxe. 2l,.fl He nour*o, KorAa r B rrocneArrlrfi pas xoglur B Tearp. 22. Bceu noHpaBl,ulacb rBof, HoBarr MaIUItHa, He raK nn? 23, Mrr nce BbrrIlJII{, qro6u Bcrpernrb Harrrero rocrr.34.,(ocranr Hoxrd r{ pla:,,nuv no;rox}r rx Ha croJr, 25. Bcn oAexAa 6rura oAsoro u roro xe pa3Mepa. 26. Btepa Mbr uo3AHo
3. Change each sentence so that it,starts with a gerunde.g. It's difficult to learn a foreign language. Learmng a foretgn language is difficult.
l. It:s
interesting to visit ttruseumsr ,2..:It:s imporfant to get:a':good education. 3. It's nide'to .niake new friends. 4. It's expenslve to buy a house.' 5. It's hard to get up early. 6. It's pleasant to camp in a forest. 7. It's dangerous to cycle on a busy road. 8. It's tiring to study late at night. 9. It's not necessafy !o bBo.[
neDrr{ cflaTb.
.
8. Read
twt
2.
I
a table.
4. Make sentences usii:! th'i
pnrtisg"'ri5i|t
e.g. They say hd's$etting lharried:
l.;,
'ill,'
'1-
.',i,':
5. Note the meartngs
of
get
i4t
:r';r:r
A week ago the Smith family went for
: 1{ t :1' ::',
',1
Text 2: A Plcnic tn the Country
I
,
,'1,, ,l'
in everyday,use.
1. Can you get me some milk at the shops? got a letter this morning.'
(buy)
2.I
(receive)
3. Are you getting tired? 4. How much do you get? 5. When did you get here? 6. I'll just go and get my coat.
(become) (earn)
6.
:
(anive) (collect)
Replace the anderlined words with a vgrb from the
list
arrive in, become; buy, collect, earn, receive 1. How much do you set in your new job? 2.Did you g9! any letters this morning? 3. Could you E! me some stamps when you go shopping? 4. Put your coat on. You don't want to gglcold. 5. I have to gg! my trousers ftom the cleaner's today. 6. What time do we set to London? 7. Translate into English.
l. Tu eue pa3 AonxHa [pocMorperb cBoe coquHeune. 2. CeroAss t, KaK o6rruno, BcraJr B 6 qacos. 3. Ero oAexAa 6Fla uoxpofi. 4. fAe rnos oAexAa? 5. Ha ranrpax 4 Bbrnru qallKy xor[e ra cben napy 6yrep6poaon. 6. Osa uenpecraHHo 6onraet 3a.3aBTpaKoM. 7. fonoprr, qro HHHeIuxee nero 6yAer TerynbJM. 8. Ona. BbrrJItAeJIa, ycratrcfr, KorAa fl.BuAen ee n uocne4nnft pas. 9. Karc Hac.rer roro, .{ro6H nporymrbct? - Xoporuax MbIcJIb (naex). 10. Oua ue o6paqaer Ha MeHf, IIlIKaKoro BrlnMalrtwn. 11. Ilocnyruail! \azafr nprrnacr,rnr Toua Ha BeqepllHKy. 12. B KoHue Mgctutl t FcerAa orreHb 3aIUIT Ha pa6ore. 13. KorAa rvtr s nocreAHlrfi pa3 xoAl{nr pu6aunrr? 14. Maua paccepqro 3ro rryvurnil cnoco6 o6y1oz,nracb, Korra y3Hana o6 erou. 15. -f rynaaro, 266
a picnic in the country. It was early spring, so they thought it was too cold to go to the seaside. Mrs Smith packed a large basket of food, and David put it in the back of dre car.
They set off early after brealdast and drove about 30 miles into the country until they came to the woods. The sun was shirling brightly and the ground was dry. Susan put the blanket on the ground, so that they could sit on the grass. David took the food out of the car. Mr Smith made a fire and Mrs Smith made tea. 'Isn't it beautiful here!' said Mrs Smith. 'It's very quiet and green.' David had a kite, and soon he was running across the grass with it. 'Be careful,' shouted his mother, but it was too late! David fell over the basket of food and everything fell out. 'Look!' cried Susan. 'There are ants in the
food!' Yes, there were- There were hundreds of them. The blanket was on the ants'nest! b) Ask
and ansv,er questions sbout the text
c) Retell the
text
9: Rephrase the sentences using too, or enough. a T-shirt. It's cold outside. It's too cold to wear a T-shirt. It's very hot today. Let's go to the beach. It's hot enough to go to the beach.
e.g. Don't wear
1. We're not going to the party yet. It's early. It's ... . 2. You can't touch the ceiling. You're short. You're not ..- . 3. He's weak. He can't lift the zuitcase. He's ... . 4. You can buy this sweater. It's cheap. This sweater is ... . 5. You can walk to school alone. You aren't too young. You're ... . 6. She isn't old. She can't drive a car. She's ... . 7. The pie is very hot. I can't eat it. The pie ... . 8. You can lift this box. It's light. This box ... . 9. They can buy a villa. They're rich. They're ... .
207
didn't want to stop because he said it was too expensive' but we stopped anyway, and Mum and Dad went inside. Sharon and I stayed in the garden with the dog. Anyway, I think Mum drank a bit too much. Dad didn't. He's too frightened oi the potice. You know, drinking and driving. Anyway, we were driving down this road and we were stopped by the police. The policeman asked Dad to blow into the bag, but he was really nervous and he couldn't do it. He's never been,stopped by the police before. Sharon and I were laughing in the back seat, 6ut Mum was furious. 'Give me that bag!' she shouted at Dad. She took it from him and blew into it herself. 'See?' she said to Dad. 'Like that!' The policeman looked at the bag, and then at my Mum. He said,
10. Translate into English. 1. On Aocraroqno yMeH,
qro6u [oHrTb
Baury luyrKy. 2. On CnnruxoM HLBKO-
ro pocra, qro6r,r urpaTb n 6acxer6ol. 3. Ona HacroJrbKo ycTana, qTo He Mor.rrO6rt t,lATy^ ryIla Jra B6TTTOJIHI{T6 AoMaIuHee 3AAAH]gr1.4. fl cnuuxOttt Cla6a, qro6bl Kararbct Ha Jlbllrzx. 6. -f cnnturou oAuofi. 5. Ou AocraroqHo 3AopoB, crap,-qro6rr KaTaTbcf Ha KoHbKax. 7. Sror seMoAaH cJrlrruKoM Tf,xeJIbIft AIt uem. 8. Euy AocratoqHo MHoro JIer, qro6bl 6urr uolll'I Ae,uyruKofi. 9. OH CJrr{tuKoM yCTilIt, qTO6H BeCT}I
MaI[IlHy. 10. Oga AoCTaToqHO B3pOCJItu' t{TO-
ll. on cJrr,rruKoM MOJrOA,An Xenun6u. 6u cauofi npr{HHMaTb aHmr,lilcKr4fi f,3brK, rrTo6bl llepeBecTl4 3Ty 38aeT xopoluo 12. ou AocTaToqHo peurenrr,
'I can see you've had a few drinks, madam. It's lucky you're not driving!' b) Ask and answer queslions about the text c) Retell the text
craTbn. 11.
Express surprise or admiration using negative interrogative. $
e.g. Isn't she lovely!
14. Answer the questiolts.
e.g. Can you give me this book nolV? (next Monday) No, I can't. I'll be able to give it to you next Monday.
Doesn't Kate look beautiful! 12. Comptete each sentenc.e with a suitableform of make or do.
l. Can Arur translate the text today? (next Saturday) 2. Can you take the children to trc Zno toda/ (next Sunday) 3. Can little Kate read and write? (next year) 4. Can Dan play the piano? (in a few weeks) 5. Can you give a lecture on Hemingway to the students today? (next Tuesday) 6. Can you buy your son a new bicycle? (next month) 7. Can they go to the theatre this week?
l. Wait a minute. I'm ... my hair at the moment. 2. Please don't ... so much noise! 3. My father ... most of the cooking in our house. 4. Oh dear, I think I've ... a mistake. 5. Are you going to '.' Michael's birthday cake? 6. They ... Harry an offer which he couldn?t refuse. 7. Don't forget to ... your homework before you go out. 8. ... this exercise in writing. 9. I have a number of things to ... today. 10. She ... her own clothes. 11. The dress ." me look fat. I
l. Dick
is busy at the moment. He is
13. a) Read
Do it, as in the example.
..
(next week) 15.
. a bench.
t
text 3.
Replace was/were able to Dy could where possible.
l. My grandfathrr w:rs very clever. He was able to speak four languages. 2. The fuemen were able to put the fue out in less than ten minutes. 3. The ,
Today most people have a job of some kind, and their only free time is at the weekends. What do people do with this time? take the Barclay family, for exanple. James Barclay works in one of Britain's larger cities. He's in his middle forties. His wife is a secretary and
kt's
they have two children, one ten and one thirteen. They have an old car, and about once a month they are able to get out into the coun-fr'-y. We talked to Jennifer, the eldest daughter:,'We don't go out a lot but sometimes we go to a place in the coun!ry which Mwn and Dad know. I think they knew it when they were, you know, younger. It's got a lake, well a pond really, and trees. The dog likes it, he can run around and nobody really minds' It's a very quiet place. Dad doesn't do very much. Often he just sleeps. M-um talls to the dog. Once, earlier this spring, Mum and Dad stopped at a pub for a drink. Dad
208
but
.He
Text 3: A Day in the Counlry 1
il
long way from the stage. I was able to see all right, but I wasn't able to hear very well. 7. We were able to borrow umbrellas, so we didn't get wet. 8. Were you able to walk or did they have to carry you? 16. Tell yaur parlner what instructions you gotfrom your mother today-
e.g. Clean the kitchen. My mother told me to clear-r the kitchen.
i i
Please wash the floor in the living room. She asked me tb wash the floor in the living room.
Don't
eat too much ice cream. She told me not to eat too much ice cream.
&'
n'I
t, ,l .l
209
l. Please do the washing-up. 2. Buy some bread. 3. please post this lettor. 4. Do your homework. 5. Don't watih too.much television. 6. Don't be late. 7. Please be careful. 8-Pleaserdon't'forget to phone me. 9. Dust the furniture. 10. Don't go out. ll. Please fx the washing machine. 12. Don't rnake this rnistake again. 13. Take out the rubbish. 14. Please m:k6 a pizza for the guests. 15. Please water the flowets. 16. Don't spend so much money on books. 17. Don't go to night clubs.
15. Are you keen on fishing? 16. Are you fond of sunbathing and swimming?
17. When did you last go to the country?'18. Did the preparations take you a
was the weather like? you stay there? 23. Did oing to spend your next ::,i ,;i.,,,:;
li i
,,,
20. a) Read tetct 4.
17. Translate into English.
l. -f 4yuato, rrro oHr,r He cMoryr rrynur! 6uners Ha Marq. 2. On cuoxEr xoporuo ronopuir no-r[paurryrcKr.r, ecJur npoBerer napy nEr n flapuxe. 3. Bu cMoxere.olBe3Tr{ Merur 3aBTpa.B atpo4gpl?,- (onevuo. 4. OHa cMorura BbrrroJrHr,rrb 3aAaHVe, noroMy- r{ro y nee 6un cnoBapb. 5. fl, se uorla npufiru r re6e nvepa, raK KaK y Menr 6ulo co6paHue. 6. Kor4a rbr cMoxerub rro.llrHlrrb Moil renocuneg? 7. IIoroAa 66ura xopourarr, r{ Mbr Mornq ryJIflrb B napxe xaxgoe yrpo, 8. Ona nanoro 3aHlrMaJrac6, u eftyAuocb cAarb oK3aMeH. 9. Eruo raK TeMHo, qro MEI Hr{qero rre BnAelrn. 10. Pe6enor cMo)Ker xoAurr qepe3 HecxonbKo rreAenb. ll. Xorx 6rrno reuno, oH.cMor uafiru 4opory x xnxune. 12, Tut cMo)Kerub ceroArur noMoqb MHe no uateuaruxe? - [yr*.raro,
qro Aa. 13. .fl He crraory sarrpa? 14. Koraa 15.
r
BaM
3a[larurb ceroAHr. Brr uoxere noAo)KAarb Ao r Mor npofirn 30 xruouerpoB B reHb.
6sln uoloAbrM,
3ry xnr.rry MoxHo r(ynr,nb
n ruo6oru Mara3lrHe.--.
18. Translate into English.
l.
Cexperaprua [o[pocr,llra Hac HeMHoro noAoxAarb. 2. .fl nonpocnn tD( He AeJrarb aroro. 3. On cxasar uHe, uro6u r Kyilul Asa 6unera.4. OH nonpocHJr Merur noq[Hr{rb ero TeneBlr3op. 5. oHa cKa3ara naue np[firu s 5. 6. oH cKa3aJr uHe, vro6u x ne pa6orala iar unoro. 7. Maua cKa3aJra une, uro6u f, JroxlrJracb cuarr. 8. Ona noupocula MeHr; qro6rr r BcrperHJI ee MaMy Ha sorsare. 9. Ou upocra Merrfl Hr.lKoMy 06 srou ue ro"opur". 10. Myxvuna
cK&a[ rrHe, uto6u 19.
r
He xoArrJr no rpaBe.
-ii,: i,
,) r ,:.:,,
,,7?.'!t,4,i4,1-?ft",1:r,',,
peafrA4gig, ,'l :t t.
,:, ;.
,. ' "
)
, t: i rii it-ir,;; , t:'.r ,i;l'r. ,i.r . . (.., -:,ii :r::::ii-: Izm havirtg a gfeaf tfuird:hetc"Ar the' SrnantA eaifiij'The $'lace' i3 ltiVely'and the weathetisgoodl. .":, '. -1' -:'.rj'-:1r:: i' r:'. ;1 .' ii1';':|]';r:'!': :ili :1 t:i 'i : :
Ih'the morning'.s" we have Art lessons or ye go- s-w!m*irrg. .fn th,9l#.fiemqonS we go canoeing or horse riding. Everyone looks for.ward to thb evenings, when we all sil together around the campfire. We usually I have a barbecue, singsongs or tell stories. It'sjust great. I
Itrs the end of my first week here. We've got lots of exciting plans. On Saturday we're going rafting. !.Ve're spending the whole day on the river and having a picnic lunch. Then on Sunday we're having a big parly with live music and lots of food and drink We're all looking forward to this weekend- I can'twait Well, that's all for now.
See
you in a couple of weeks.
Love, Ryan b) Ask and answer questions about Ryan's holiday.
c) lYrite a similar letter
to
your friend.
21. Do you sometimes go on picnics to the country? Describe one
of your pirnics
Part B
Answer the questions.
l. How
many days off a week do you have as a rule? What are they? 2. Do you spend your weekends with your family? 3. Do you often visit your friends? them to your place? 5. What.is your favourite watching television? 7. What TV programmes go in for sports? 9. What is your favourite sport? 10. Do you practise at the weekend? 11. Do you sometimes spend yorlr holidays in the country? 12. Where do you usgally go? 13. How do you spend your time in the countrf 14. Do you sometimes go camping?
210
Conversation Practice Study and praatise the conversations: What's the News?
Mr Smith: Good afternoon, Mr White, how are you? Mr White: Very well indeed, thank you, and how are you? Mr Smith: Quite well, thank you. Won't you sit down? Have a cigarette, will you?
2TI
Mr White: Mr Smith: Mr White: Mr Smith:
Thank you. Well, what's the news, Mr White? How's business? Pretty good, thank you. And how are things with you? Well, not too good, I'm afraid and going from bad to worse.
Roleplay I.' The other day a friend of yours called on you. He looked somewhat unhappy. You wanted to know how he was getting on. Roleplay 2.' This morning your friend dropped in at your oflice for a small talk.
, What Are You Doing This Aftemoon? ' Roger: Hi! It's me.
I
Mr white: I don't know exactty, but he's having a very pleasant time and it's doing trim a lot of good, so the longer he stays, the better.
A. Repeatthefollowing exchanges and make up similar exihanges.
.
.
.
- Good afternoon, Mr White. How are you? - Very well indeed, thank you, and how are you? - Quite well, thank you. (Mr Dobson; Mrs Ford. - Fine; thank you; Not too bad, thanks; pretty good, and you; So-so) - Well, what's the news, Mr White? How,s business? - Pretty good, thank you. And how are things with you? - Well, not too good I'm afraid. (Not bad; Very much the same. - Going from bad to worse; euite all right, thank you.) - And how's your son getting on? - Oh, Richard's getting on quite well, thank you. (your mother, your sister, your wife - Not bad; She's fine; She's all right.)
B. Change the following commands into requests by using will. e.g. Fetch another chair. Fetch another chair, will you?
l. Give me the manager's telephone number. 2. Answer the telephone for me. 3. call me back in half an hour. 4. Take a message for the accountant. 5. come over here. 6. write it down. 7. Phone me tomorrow. 8. Shut the door. 9. Be quiet.
C Change thefollowing commands into invitstions. e.g. Sit down.
Won't you sit down?
Peter: Roger:
Peter:
Sure. Iid be happy to. Going frshing soun.ds a lot more exciting than staying home and reading a book. Good! I'll pick you up at around one o'clock. See you then.
Invite your friend to some place. Your friend will accept your invitation. e.g. - Would you like to come to the pub with me tonight? - That sounds like a good idea.
Prompts: have dinner with you; join you for golf on Friday; go on a picnic with you; spend the weekend in the country; come to your party; visit the new art gallery, etc.
I'd love to; I'd be happy to; Certainly; With pleasure; Of course; That sounds nice/lovely/super; That would be very nice. Roleplay 3.' Your friend phones to invite you to a disco on Saturday. You don't feel like going to a disco. Besides, you are going to have a barbecue on Saturday. You invite your friend to come round, too. He willingly accepts your invitation.
FinalDiscussion 1. Speak on: a) how you usually spend your weekends; b) how you spent your last weekend; c) how you are going to spend your next weekend; d) your favourite pastime; e) a picnic in the country you enjoyed.
l. Come in and join us. 2. Have a cup of tea. 3. Have a cigarette. 4. Stay for dinner. 5. Stay with us for a few days. 212
213
2" Ask your partner how he spent last weekend, where he went to, with whom he spent his weekend, if he had a good time, if the weatherwas good, etc.
3. Did you ever have a bad experience
ihen you once went on a picnic?
llthat was it?
I I I I
I
4. Talk on
the
following poinis.
L What do you think is the best way of
spending a weekend? Why? 2. What are the most popular hobbies? What do you think of them? What is your hobby? 3. I think watching television is a pleasant pastime. Are you of the same
opinion? Why do you think so? 4. Are you for or against spending the next weekend in the country? Give reasons. 5. Do you agree that summer is the best time for sports? 6. There is no point in making plans for anything. you never know what may happen tomorrow. What do you think of ihi,s opinion? Group Work
You are discussing how to spend the coming weekend. you want to spend it together but each of you has a different idea of what to do at the weekend.
Grammar: Present PerfectContinuous. Present Perfect (2) Topic: Talking about activities one has been doing
I
{
lltustrative Situations
A: Is it raining? No, but the ground is wet. It has been raihirig. We use the present perfect continuous for an activity that has recently stopped
orjust stopped. There is a connection tlvithnow:
. You're out of breath. Have you been running? (= you're out of breath now) . Paul is very tired. He's been working very hard. (= he's tked now) . Why are your clothes so dirry? What have you been doing? . I've been talking to Amanda about the problem and she agrees with me. . Where have you been? I've been looking for you everywhere.
B. It began raining two hours
ago and it is still raining.
How long has it been raining? It has been raining for two hours. We.use the present perfect continuous in this way with how long, for ... and since ... . The activity is still happening (as in this example) or has just stopped.
. How long have you been learning English? (: you're still lea:ning English) . Tom is still watching television. He's been watching television all day. . Where have you been? I've been looking for you for the last half hour., . Chris hasn't been feeling well recently You can use the present perfect continuous for actions repeated over a period of time. . Debbie is a very good tennis player. She's been playing since she was eight. . Every morning they meet in the same caf6. They've been going there for years.
C. Compare I am doing and I have been doing: . Don't disturb me now. I'm working.
. I've been working hard. Now I'm going to have a break. . We need an umbrella. It's raining.
2t4
215
" The ground is wet.
It's
Eric: I'm sorry, dear ... but he's talking to that girl. Pam: Yes, he's been talking to her since we came in.
been raining.
"Ilurry up! We're waiting.
. We've been waiting for an hour.
Eric: Waiter! Waiter: Yes, sir ... Do you want the bill? Eric: The bill! We haven't seen the menu yet'
D. Some verbs (for example, be/knodhear/have/believe) are not normally used in the continuous form, with these verbs when we talk about something that began in the past and still continues now, we uSe the present perfect.
2.
Compare the present and the present perfect.
e.g. Richard started studying for tomorrow's exam four hours ago. He is still
. Bill is in hospital
studyng.
-
butHe
Richard has been studying for four hours.
has been in hospital since Monday. . Do you know each other well? butHave you known each other for a long time? . Do they have a car?
1. Sandra began painting the picture a month ago. She hasn't finished it yet. 2. Torn went to the airport at 8.00. It is now 10.00 and he is still waiting for his flight. 3. James and Amy went outside to play with their friends an hour ago. They haven't come home yet. 4. The Moores set offfor their trip at 7.00It is I 1.00 and they are still travelling. 5. Roger started playing the guitar two hours ago. He is still playrng it. 6. The headmaster started speaking two hours
butHow long have they had their car? Here are some more example situations: . Have you heard from Brian recently/lately? .I've met a lot of people in the last / past few days. . Everything is going well. We haven't had any problems so far.
ago. He hasn't stopped Yet. e.g. Lucy began computing at 9 o"clock. She is still computing. Lucy has been computing since 9 o'clock'
. I have been here all day. . I haven't seen Peter for ages. . He hasn't phoned me for months.
doing my homework at 7 o'clock. I'm still doing it. 2. Bill began building his house in May. He hasn't finished it yet. 3. The teams started playing football at 5.00. It is 6.00 now. They are still playrng. 4. My mother began cooking at I1.00. It is 2.00 now. She hasn't finished yet. 5. Mr White began to work for this company last year. He is still working for the company. 6. I started reading this book on Friday. It is Sunday today. I have,n't frnished
l. I started
. He has always loved you.
Practice
l.
1
Study and practise the following texts.
it yet.
Judy has been typing letters since 9 o'clock, and she's very tired. She has typed 25 letters today, and she has never typed that many letters in one day before! She only has to type one more letter, and then she can go home. She's really glad. It's been a long day.
2. A: Have you been verybusy lately?
3. Complete the sentences. Use for o/ since.
t t
B: Yes, I have. Extremely busy.
A: Have you been working on your paper?
I
B: No, I haven't. I've been preparing for a seminar.
3.
{ Pam: Eric! Call the waiter again! Eric: I've been trying to call him. Pam: Eric! We've been sitting here for twenty minutes ing to wait any longer!
216
Say how long the action has been going on.
...
and
I'm not go-
1. It's been raining ... lunchtime. 2. Sarah has lived in Paris ... 1998. 3. Paul has lived in London ... ten years. 4. I'm tired of waiting. We've been sitting here ... an hour. 5. Kevin has been looking for ajob .'- he left school. 6. I haven't been to a party ... ages. 7. I wonder where Joe is. I haven't seen him ... last week. 8. Jane is away. She's been away ... Friday. 9. The weather is
dry. It hasn't rained ... a few weeks. 4. Expand the prompts into sentences using for or since, as
in the example.
e.g. She/live inBranV 1992 She has lived in Brazil since 1992.
2t7
1.
He/be/ilVthree days
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Theyl not visit/their grandparents/last month Ilbe / a policeman/twenty years
Karer:/not be/home/October He/not traveVby boat/last summer Vnot golto Parisisix years Jaclc/work in Canada./ten years She/notbe abload./two years
3. 4. 5. '8.
'r
:{
5. Give additionat informa:tio4. Do it, as in the example.
ill. (for a wegk) ill for a week.
He has been
1. My brother is married. (fo1 two years) 2. I know Steve Baxter. (since I was a child) 3. Nick is absent. (for a week) 4. Jack lives in Bishopton. (since he was born) 5. Helen is in the library. (all day long) 6. Mr Morgan is away. (for two months) 7. Bill is unemployed. (since April) 8, Ann has a bad cold. (for the last few days) 9. My cousin is in the anny. (since he was 18) 10. The shop is open. (since 8 o'clock.) ll. The Baxters are at the seaside. (the whole month) 12. We are happier. (since we moved to the country)
6. Write B's sentenees using lhe words in brackets.
-
e.g. A: Do you often go on holiday? B: (no/five years) No, I haven't had a holiday for five years.
l'.
A: Do you often
2.
B: (no/about a month) A: Do you often go to the cinema? B: (no/a long time)
see Sarah?
3. A: Do you often eat in restaurants? .
B: (no/ages)
4. A: Do you often visit yourparents? B: (no/two months)
5. A: Do you often write to your penfiiend? B: (no/a lgng time) 7.
Fill in
the gaps with yetrrecently, how long, never, since, just, so far,
for or ever.
Jefflnot callAvlonday
e.g. Mike is
They/worklhere/six months. Peterlknoilthem/last year Rob/be/ilVTuesday.
fn pairs, usk and answer questions, as in the example.
l. ... have you been a teacher? 2.Katehas ... cleaned the windows.3. He hasn't phoned ... Sunday. 4. She has only written one letter ... . 5. Have you ... been to Eg1'pt? 6. Sandra has ... driven a car beforg. 7. Have you used it ... ? 8. You have known them ... five years. 9. I haven't invited anyrcne to the party ... . 10. She has been skiing ... she was a child. g. F|II in the gaps with qne of the verbs continuous.
work, snow, exercise, play, sunboihe, rain,
Jeirnyilive/here/three years.
2. Kim/hel/ a teacher/ 199 5 218
cry
;
.
l. Everything is white outside. It ... all nght.2. He is hot. He ... for two hours. 3. They are tired. They ... volleyball all afternoon. 4. He has got a headache: He ... hard all morning. 5. Her eyes are red. She ... . 6, The streets are wet. It ... atl morning. 7. George has just come fronr the beach. He ... . 10.
Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect o,
tinuo4s.
In
pr"r"rt p"rfect
con-
pairs, act out the conversation
Pam: What are youdoing, Ben? Ben: I (look through) my old toy box all morning. It brings back lots of memories. Look, I (frnd) my old train set!
Pam: You (play) with those trains for over an hour. I (watch) you. Ben: They're great! I (not/have) so much fun for years..Look at this one! ' Pam: Yes, Ben - it's a very nice train. But (you/see) wh6t time it is? Ben: No... Why? Pam: It's 10.30. Yout boss (ust/phone) from the office. Ben: Why? Ptrm: He (wait) for you all morning. You have an important meeting. Ben: Oh nol I thought it was Sunday! 11. Reud
the texl Ask and answer questions about the Pstterson famtly.
Speak about yaur family.
e.g. A: How long h4s Jenny-lived here? B: She has lived hbre forihree years.
1.
frim tlie,ilit i1t the present perfect
A.Wondefiul Family are very proud of their ft"lly.Their daughter, Ruth, is a very successful engineer. She.has been an engineer since shp finished col-
Mr and Mrs Patterson
2t9
\ I
lege. Her husband's name is Pablo. They have been happily married for thirry years. Pablo is a professional guitarist. He has lsrown how to play the guitar since he was four years old.
Ruth and Pablo have two children. Their son, David, is a computer programmer. He has been interested in computers since he was a teenager. Their daughter, Rita, is a doctor. She has been a doctor since she'finished medical I'
school in 2005.
Mr and Mrs Patterson also have a son, Herbert. Herbert is single. He has been a bachelor all his life. He's a famous joumalist. They haven't seen him since he moved to Singapore several years ago.
Mr and Mrs Patterson feel fortunate to have such wonderful children
and
grandchildren. They're veryproud of them. 12. Translate into English1. Kro nrql uoro pyrry? A nury ee yxe HecKoJrbKo Mr{Hyr. 2. IIoroAa yxacH€ur, ueJryo HeAeJrro H.qyr AoxArr, oqeHE clrpo n xono.qHo. 3. On onxrr cMo'rpr{T reneBn3op. flo-uoeuy, oH cMorpr.rr ero c caMoro yrpa. 4. fl uryraro
)DKe ABa roAa. 5. fAe Au.a? A x[y ee c rpex .racos. 6. fAe 6un? - .fl norfl-Ban uBerbr. 7. Mu ue 6rrln B KHHo c lpotunoro roAa. 8. Ona MHe He flHuer yxe ABa Mecrqa. 9. Ou uue He 3BoHr.rr ueJryro HeAenrc.
aurnuficrufi {3bIK
ru
f,
ycrwra. .fI uensrft 4eur pa6orala B caAy. I l. .f o.{eHr ronoAHa. .fl nn{ero He eJra c caMoro yrpa. 12. -fl ue nlaxy Burropa c rex nop, KaK Mbr BMecre xoAflnr{ Ha pn6alry. 13. .f 4aouo snaro PuuapAa. Mrr coceAu )DKe nqrb ner. 14. Cro rer re6r He Br,rAena. Kax noxnnaerur? 15. Mrr ne BuAenr{cb c 1990 roAa. Eorocb, rrro r ee He y3Haro. 16. .f Hnrero He q[Taro B rrocneAHee Bpe10.
us. 17. Cromro
srr c ToMoM apyxnre? - C cauoro 4ercrna. 18. xueere? 19. Mrr n Jlonlone yxe HecKonbKo Auefi. Mu yxe MHoroe yBrpcnv. 20. f, rc e3\r4Jta 3a ropoA c rex [op, KaK Har{aJra :gecr pa6orars. 21. Muccuc Epayn oqeHu 6oruHa. OHa )DKe ABe HeAenLI B 6oruruue. 22. Cxonrxo BpeMeHr.r y re6x sra rapruHa? .f ee paurure He BLIAena. 23. Cxolrro BpeMeHrl ouu o6cyxgaror 3ror noupoc? - Eolee rroJrfraca. 24. Tnu, noqeMy y re6.r rpf,3Hbre 6orusxu? Tu onrrr urpax B $yr6or? BpeMeHr.r
Cxoruxo BpeMeH[
13.
14. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the past simple.
I,tr
I I { {
A: Hello, Billy. I (not/see) you for B: Yes, I (be) very busy recently. A: B: A: B:
l. How long (you/know) your best friend Sall/ 2. When (you/start) driving lessons? 3. How long ago (you/visit) Austria? 4. When (you/frnd) a job? 5. Since when (you/have) your car? 6. How long ago (yor.r/move) to York? 7. How long (you/be) a medical student? 8. Since when (yor.r/live) in London? 9. How long (you/do) your homework yesterday? 10. How long (you/be) interested in computers?
a long time.
Really? Tell me what (yor.r/do) since we last (see) each other. Well, I (get) my degree last month and then I (move) house. When (you/move)?
Last week, but I (noVunpack) everything yet. A: I (phone) you on Tuesday, but there (be) no answer. B: I (be) busy at my new house then. A: Never mind, I only (want) to invite youio a party next week at my house. B: Great! Thank you. 1
5. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
l. 2. 3.
A: Why is Carol tired? B: She (clean) the house all moming. (yor-r/see) my watch? I (look) for it since yesterday. A: (yor:/have) a good time yesterday? B: Yes, the party (be) great.
4. A: (yor"r/cook) the whole morning? 5. 6.
7.
Bbr 3Aecb
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or present pedecl
220
I
8. 9.
B: No, I (iust/start). A: Where (you/be)? I (call) you all afternoon.
B: I (work) in the basement and I (not/hear) the phone. A: What (you/do) when the storm (begin)? B: I (drive) to work. A: Where's Dad? B: He is in the garage. He (repair) the car. He (repair) it all morning. A: Dave (leam) to drive for six months. B: I know. He (not/pass) his test yet, though. A: I (know) Alison for ten years. B: Well, I only (meet) her last week.
A: (you/know) her brother? B: No, I (never/meet) him. 16. Put the verbs in brackets into the coruect tense. Reproduce the letter below and write a similar letter to your friend. Dear Angie,
I
(write) to you from Madrid. My family and
I
(come) here on holiday ten
days ago.
We (stay) in a fabulous hotel in the city centre. So far the weather (be) fine. We (do) a lot of sightseeing. We (already/be) to the Plaza Monumental, a 221
huge stadium where bullfights (take) place. However, we (not/be) to the Prado Museum yet.
I (try)
paella yesterday at an open-air restaurant. The food
(be) delicious and the service (be) excellent. The only bad thing was that' while we (enjoy) our dessert, it (start) raining. Fortunately it was just a shower!
Well, I must go now - we (go) to Toledo today.
:Love, Viclcy 17. Translate into English. 1.
fl
Aanuo Kyrruna gror cnoBapb:"
.{
AasHo He noKyrr.na Honrtx
xnnr. 2. B
nocre4unft pa3 0H en MopoxeHoe npournbrM JreroM. B rocneAHee
BpeM.f, oH He eJr Hr,rqero cnaaKof,o. 3. Mu uen)4o BeqHocrb He srrAerrrcu! Kax Aorro sac 3Aecb He 6rrno! 4. onr,r AaeHo noxeHurncu? ,{a, oHlr oqeHb AaBHo xeHarbr.
AyMaro 6. fne xe rlt 6ru sce npuexal? - ,(a, oH rge 5. -f, nce
BpeM.rr
trop, Mrr AH.rr.
n nocregnufi pas. BcroAy. 7. Cepreir Mo,s xeHa rruurer nr,rcbMa. ona sanucala y)Ke nrrb nnceM. 9. f.qe Anna? - osa Bbruna noryJlrrrb qac Ha3aI\A etue He Bepgynacr. 10. ,fl ne nr.rNy JIeHy B nocneAHee Bpe_ ur.. - A roxe. I l. Koro rrr xAeur? - Mapuro. - Tu AasHo r4ecr crourur? _ oxolo ABaAqarr.r MxHyr. - Tu roro-un6yAr r4ecr Br'AeJr, KorAa npr4rrren crc-
B'4arHo xuBere n Mancre? - Her, uur flepeex.nu e MuHcK Aea Brr 6rrnalra 3Aecb paH6ure? - la,.fl rrpoBen s4ecr cnofi ornycK B npounoM roAy. . Bu xopouo [poBenu npeu.r? _ .{a, noro4a 6rr[a xopouaq, 6uuo necelo. 14. gro rbr AeJraerub? - .f nepeeoxy crarrro. _ rc?
12.
roAa Ha3aA. 13.
Cxonrro
BpeMeHH Tbr ee flepeBo Auutr? -
,{na vaca.
{
Attributive clauses.
{
Grammar:
i
Modal verbs of advice: should, ought to, had better. Complex object Topic: Holidays (2). Sightseeing Communication: Advice
Part A
.
1. a) Read text 1"
Text 1: Pacific Paradise Tour
The Pacific Paradise Tour took us to California, on the west coast of the United States, and to the Hawaiian islands in the Pacific Ocean. With beautiful countryside, exciting cities and fantastic beaches, this holiday had everythiog. The first place we stopped at was San Francisco, in northern California. This city is famous for its cable cars - and it certainly needs them because San Francisco is extremely hilly and has some very steep roads! By the sea, next to the fishing boats, there are the fish restaurants. Here we enjoyed watching the street actors and musicians as we ate delicious fresh fish. One thing we'll never forget is the Golden Gate Bridge, which is very big and beautiful. The next city on the tour was Los Angeles. This city is very exciting and has some very famous attractions. The nearby beaches are long and sandy and the mountains outside the city are high and dry. We visited the beach where they were filming Baywatch. We also went to Disneyland where we saw E.T. and shook hands with Mickey Mouse. After that they took us to Hollywood to see the houses of the stars who have made a lot of films - and a lot of money! The last place we visited in California was San Diego, a city with sun, sand, sea and all kinds of watersports. We went to the San Diego Zoo which is one of the world's largest zoos. We also visited Mexico, which is only a short drive away from San Diego.
Finally, we went to Hawaii. It's paradise! We sat on golden beaches with green palm trees and yatched amazing red sunsets. We also saw colourful fish at Sea Life Park and went snorkelling in Hanauma Bay. In the evenings we en-joyed the lively clubs, bars and ice-cream parlours. Best of all, we ate fantastic Hawaiian food while watching Hawaiian people performing traditional Pollmesian dances.
222
223
6ul yrpou,
HaxoAlrrct s nauefi rrarrKe. 4. Bor QororpaQur Malrlfl{ilil, Koropyro Mhr Bqepa BnAenI,I Ha BbrcraBKe. 5. Tu augel Qarc, xotoprrft Mrl rlotryvr,llu yrpolr? 6. 3ro AoIqa,reHTbI, Koropble MEI ToJIrKo qTo rlpocn{orl}eJrli7. Bor creqlrulJlllcr, o KoropoM fl g Bar'rt4 roBopnn. 8. Maragurm, Koropble
This holiday was fanJastic. So when you have time, get on the fust plane to the west coast of The United States and have the time of your b) Ask and ansryer questions about the
texl
c) Retell the
life!
text
Fill in: who, whose, which ar where. My school, ... is called King Edward's, has about 2,000 students. My favourite teacher, ... is called Mr Brown, teaphes sport. The sports centre, ... I play 2.
6rrsarcr orr(pbITbIMI,I'rlo BocKpeceHbtM, pa6oralor roJrb(o ao rpex 9- -f 3Haro rreJroBexa, xoropHfi roBopllT Ha n{rn uHocrpalilclx f3bIrGDL, 10- 3ro AoM, B KOTopoM r xIaBY. 11. Kro ra.[eByIIIKa, Ha KOTopyrc T5r cMorprdtrrL?
I
12. Bot na[Ka, Koropyrc TbI nlrlelub. 13. Bce MaIrII4HbI, Koropble M6r rotrbro qro nocMorpelrvl Ha BbIcraBKe, oqeHb coBpeMeHHbL 14- {enoaer, Ko'roporo Tbr Br{Alrrub Bo ABope, uofi urxo.nrnrrft yrurelr. 15. cryaenr, qblo reqPalb t
basketball and tehnis, is the largest in the area. I walk to school every day with my friend Mike, ... father teaches me History.
BaM
3. FilI in the. correct relative pronbun. Say in which of these sentences the relatives can be omitted.
6.
1. Did you se€ the man ... stole her bag? 2. The eggs ... you've bought are bad. 3. Please give me the keys ... are on the table. 4. Is that the man ... we
saw in the park yesterday? 5. What's the name of the lady ... babysits for you? 6. Tom is playing with the dog ... lives next door. 7. Have you eaten all the cakes ... I made yesterday? 8. How old is the man ... owns this shop? 9. Have you met the man ... Jackie is going to marry? 10. Let's all look at the picture ... is on pageT.l'1. Has Peter retumed the money ... he borrowed from you? 12. What colour is the dress ... you're going to wear tonight? 13. The parcel ... is on the table is your birthday present. 14. We will ask the man ... delivers milk to leave an extra bottle. 15. Is she the person ... gave you this record? 16. We spent our holiday in a small town ... is near the sea. 17. The man ... married Kate is a millionaire. 18. Where are the shoes ... I bought this moming? 19. I still write to that lady ... I met twenty years ago. 4. Join these sentences together. e.g. She is the girl. I met her yesterdpy. - She's the girl I met yesterday.
This is the ship. I travelled on it. This is the ship I travelled on.
l.
I
drove her to London. 2. That's the film. I saw it. I bought it yesterday. 5. This is the radio. I won it in the competition. 6. That's the hotel. I stayed in it last summer. 7. This is the window. i repaired it yesterday. 8. That is the girl. I danced with her. 9. This is the man. I want to see him. 10. These are the people. You asked me about them. I l. This is my new coal I bought it in yesterday's sale. She is the woman.
3. That's the man.
I
spoke to him. 4. Here's the alarm clock.
5. Translate into English
9elorex, roroprrft
3BoHlrn BaM yrpoM, Hr{lrero He rrepeAaBaJr. 2. Coo6r{e-
HI{e, Koropoe roJrbKo
vro npr,r6ruro, oqerrb BaxHo. 3. @arc, roroprril npu-
1.
224
noKa3aJr,Y*rlcfl oqeHb xopoffo,
Fill in:
a, an or the
if
necessary.
in ... castle near ... River Rhine. 2. ...Maltais in ..- Mediterra3. ... United Kingdom consists of ... England, ... Scotland, .-.lffales and ... Northern Ireland. 4. Have you ever climbed ..- Elbrus? - I've clided ... Andes.5. Where is... SaharaDesert? 6. Whatis... biggestislmdin-.Greece? 7. Is ... Indian Ocean larger than ... Arctic Ocean? 8. Is ... Evemest ... highest mountain in the world? 9. Where are ... Mississippi River and -.Thames? 10. When we went to ... Paris we saw ... Eitrel Touaer aad ".. Louwe. 11. ... Victoria Coach Station is near .:. Apolo theatre. 12.Annaoom€s from... Netherlandsbut"she lives in... USAnow. 13. There is..- cinemain ... Bridge Street called ... Odeon. 14. They are going for... wa{ktetlr..: London Zoo in. . . Regent's Park. I 5. . . . Morpeth is ... tovn in ... norfh of ... England. 16. Does ... d,mazon run through ... Africa or .-. South Anericd?
l.
She lives
nean. i
{
t'
17. They spent their vacation in ... Alps. 7.
Put the verbs in brackets into the -ingform or the infinitfue widtout'to'.
I saw Su9 (drop) the bag and pick it up again. 2. As I walked past the room, heard two people (argue). 3. We stopped for a rnoment and watched them (build) the new hospital. 4. Did you see someone (break) the window? 5- We watched them (climb) up to the top of the hill and flren corne down again 6. We saw the man (post) a letter and walkdown the streeL 7. AsI looked out of the window I noticed the woman (repair) her car. 8' Why diS you punish the child? I heard him (cry). 9. Ask Mark to lend you the book. I saw hirn (buy) it.10. Steve tries to keep frt. I sawhim (og) intheparkyesterday. 1.
I
8. Translute into English.
l. .f, clrrrual, KaK oH Llrpan Ha rltaHtiHo. 2, Asuyena, qm ofla qro-To tluurer. 3. .f, nurorAa He cJIbIurtlJI, KaK oH roBopllT no-OpaHlry3cru. 4. Ou ne clirruan, KaK t nocryqan B ABepb. 5. OHa BI'l,[eJIa' qro oH BorueJr B ,4oM u
crrycrr4rracb nuu3, uto6rt BcrperurF ero. 6. -f, BI{IeJI, KaK OHa B3ffIa qrGTo co crona. 7 . Hurro He 3aMerI,IJI, rrro oHa BbIIruIa ltg KoMHarbI. 8. .fl nu4exa, rax 8 3ax.2510
225
oH 6exan. 9, flnugen, KaK oHa Borlna B KoM.Hary,3axr.Jra cBer rr ceJra 3a cror. 10. Ana6tnoAur, xaK Aerr.r nrparorr 9.
l.
Answer the questions.
A:
Have you
Did you go s..whai sigfts warm count4f what was it
You visited?
3.
sightseeing?
r some other
like?
10. Speak about your trip abroad and your impressions of the trip. 11. a) Read text 2.
Text 2: What a Terribte Holidayl Ian MacDonald is talking about his holiday at Vista Beach.
Vista Beach. What a terrible holi_ boring, the hotel was dreadful and every d11,and there was a skong wind when it didn't rain it was impossible to So
of
i;
vost
The hotel looked beautiful in
it *u, ,-uu
*Jffi
L1'rt:?:r-:1ffi: l?J*:
b) Ask and answer ouestions about the text c) Speak abofi fan Mac_ Donafis holiday at Vista Beach the sentences using the
Good morning, madam. Can I (help) you? W: Yes. I'd like (book) a holiday, please. A: Certainly. I must (ask) you a few questions. Now ... where would you like (go)? How long are you going (stay)? Would you prefer (have) a relaxing beach holiday or (go) sightseeing? What countries are you interested in (visit)? What means of transport do you prefer? W: Well, young man. I don't know where (go) or how long (stay): I hate (go) to the beach and I don't enjoy sightseeing. I don't want (visit) any foreign countries because foreign food makes me (feel) ill. As for means of transport, I'm too frightened (fly) in an aeroplane. I hate (go) on boats. I don't like (travel) by frain and (havel) on a coach makes me (feel) sick. A: Well, madam. I don't know what (suggest). I don't want (appear) rude, but I really think you should (stay) at home!
14. Translate into English.
l. Ka(oe Kpacr.rBoe ruarre! 2. Kaxoft nHrepecruft Qrurru! 3. Karoft nrycHufi xle6! 4. Karar yxacHaf, noroAa! 5. Kaxne uryMHbre Aeru! 6. Karofi yrrrnrrfi Maru.{ux! 7. Karre Aoporne uauuHsr! 8. Eil nyxen xoporunft orAbrx. 9.Mue HyxHa rBofl Marrrr{Ha. 10. Te6e HyxHa Mor MaruuHa? 11. MHe ue rry)rua rBor MarrrrHa. 72. Y Meru Her HaAexAbr yBlAerE ero cKopo. 13. flpegcronr cAeJrarb MHoro pa6oru. 14. Bor rocruHlrqa, rAe MoxHo oc-
V aac xopouar Bo3MoxHocrb Bblr,[parb Marrr. Bor re6e rsura noqr{rarb B [oe3Ae. 17. Tpyruo rc] rarb nnocrpaunuft
TaHoBlrrbcf, Ha Horrb. 15,
and a se! At at the
12' hmplete
13. Complete the conversation between a travel agent and d woman, using the inJinitive or the -ing form.
toinfiniriveform of the verbs in the Ii*
say, unlock, catch, wear, eat, write, tell
16.
xgsrx. 18. CryAeHrau BaxHo BhrnoJrrrflrb AoMaruHee 3aAamrzre. 19. B.repa He 6ulo AoxAr, uo 6brl curutrfi nerep. 20. floroAa 6rua yxacHofr, u t nponogru 6oruuryo qacrb BpeMeHrr Aoua. 2l. Bvepa r 6rur s 6ape u roBopu c oAHr{M or{eHb uHTepecHbrM uyxruHofi. 22.Korla t Bepnynct gouofi, a vyrcrBoBaJr ce6r oqenr ycranbrM. 23. Pasdyau Merrfl B ruecrb qacoB. 24. He 6yAu Aerefi. 25. Koraa r orKpbrn ropo6ry, a o6napyxru, qro oHa nycra., 25. Kor4a y rvrenx 6rtn orrrycK, MbI rlacro BbxoAI{n[ noryntrr. 26. KorAa uu 4o6panucr Ao o3epa, 6ruo yxe reMHo. 15.
Answer the questions aboutyour last holiday.
l. Where did you go? 2. Who did you go with? 3. How long did you stay there? 4. Where exactly did you stay? 5. What were the facilities like? 6. What was the weather/food like? 7. What things did ybu do? 16. Speak
aboulyour last holiday. Say what you liked und didn't like about
it
226 227
Part B
17. Look at the advertisementfor the Golden Beach Campsite and answer the questions Then, use the information in the advertisement to talk about the campsite
Conversation Practice
THE GOLDEN BEACH CAMPSITE SEA, SUN & LOTS OF FUN!
.5
miles from Brighton . clean, attractive campsite . l00s ofcaravans to rent . l00s oftent sites available . caravans - for up to 6 people,
Advice / Recommendations Giving advice / Making recommendations
:
Why don't you ... (+inf)? (I think) you should ... (+in| (I thiok) you ought to ... (+mf) (I think) you'd better .. (+in| How about / What about ... (+ing form)? The best thing you can do is (to) ... (+infl I strongly advise you to ... (+inf;
:
modern kitchen, shower,
toilet, TV, electricity, hot & cold running water . heated bathrooms on the campsite
NEVER A DULL MOMENT! . heated outdoor swimming pool . games room - play pool/darts/table tennis . excellent children's play area
.
Accepting Yes, that's a good idea. I'll take your advice. Thanks for the advice. I'll do what you suggest. that. Thank Yes- I'll certa
Gol den Beach Restaurant (breakfasVlu nch/dinner)
. Dunes Bar
Study and practise the conversations below.
LOCAL OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES . hiking, horse riding, cycling
You'll Love Paris
THE IDEAL PLACE FOR A MEMORABLE FAMILY HOLIDAY! Open from the beginning of May to the end of Septernber. Please book in advance. Ask campsite stafffor current prices.
!
(Jse the information from the leatlet and the plan below, to write an article about the Golden Beach Campsite (120 -180 words).
Plan
fntroduction l: name and location of the place, why it is special
You and your wife have been to France before, havenit you? Simon: No, we haven't. Ellen: Well, then, you really ought to go. You'll love Paris, and the weather
Ellen:
Tel: (0273) 350729
Questions l. What is the name of the campsite? 2. Where is it located? 3. Why is it special? 4. What can you find at the campsite? 5. What can you do at the campsite? 6. What outdoor activities are available locally? 7. When can you stay at the campsite? 8. What words are used to recommend the campsite?
Simon is talking to Ellen Change, a travel agent'
{
\ i
Simon:
Ellen:
is perfect this time of the Year' But we don't speak French.
You shouldn't worry about that. A lot of people speak English in
France, especially in the hotels and restaurants. Simon: Should we make our reservations now? Ellen: Well, you ought to make them as soon as possible. Simon: Where should we stay? Do you have any suggestions? Ellen: I'll find an inexpensive hotel for you' Simon: Do you have any brochures? I don't know anyone in Paris' and
I
Para
Moin Body Para2: description Para 3: what you can do there
Conclusion Para4: recommendation, best time to go
228
Ellen:
to visit Notre Dame, the have time You ought to drive to Versailles for a day. It's really beautiful.
A. Complete the lollowing sentences zsing ought to or ought not to' 229
1. You ought to drive carefully on a busy road. 2. You ought not to eat between meals if you want to lose'weight. 3. ... pay your bills regularlY 4. ... be selfish. 5. ... smoke too- heavily. 6. ... go to the dentist's regularly. 7. ... lie in bed late every daY. 8. ..: clean your teeth at least twice a.day. 9. ... eat a lot of sugar 10. ... be more careful
B. Mary doesri,t always do the iight thing. What does her mother advise her to do?
.
e.g. She doesn't do her homework. She should do her homework.
She talks all the time.2. She neverwashes the dishes.3. She doesn'ttidy her room. 4. She eats lots of chocolate. 5. S[re argues with her sisters. 6. She doesn't put her clothes away.7. She never takes the dog for a walk.
l.
C. Complete the sentences usinghadbetter and the verbs
from the list
not go, discass, stay, hurry, not stay, take
3, take diet pills 4.
join
a gym
5. stop eating fattY foods 6. cut out milk and bread 7. go on a diet .it'
F. Translate into English.
l,
Bau He cJreAyeT
TaK MHofo Kypr,rrb.
pbrc B raKoM rotte.'l . Te6e 6u rrrllle ocTarbcr Aoua. floxoxe 6yAer AoxAb. g. yr*" no3AHO. Jlyurue 6H saM ero He 6ylnrr. 9. Baru oneAyer 6onrure'II{ra.rb. 10. Te6e 6br Jryqrue ry,u,a oAnofi He xoAltrb. 11. Harvr 6rt ny'rrue ne roqeM rbl Bopl.rrb o6 sroM Ane. 12. Te6e rlaAo rrpoBepl.Irb cotII4HeHI,Ie, npexAe efo cAaIIrb. 13. He cneAyer rlpepblBarb Apyrl'D( nroAefi B pillroBope' 14' Bau 6u rryuue nofiru u [oroBopr{Tb c nnu cefiqac x(e, noKa oH elqe He yIueJI. 15.
Helrgs BcraBarb raK paHo. Trt scex par6y,uurur'
Roleplay 1.. You have a guest from England and you must entertain himlher for two evenings. Ask your partner for hisiher suggestions on where you should take the guest to.
pairs. A gwes advice, using the wotd combinations below' B sccepts the advice. [Ise as many conversstionalformulas as possible'
Peter:
D. Work in
1. see a doctor; 2. qtop smoking; 3' sell the house; 4. go on a cruise; 5' buy a new car; 6. stay at a hotel; 7' eat less; 8, work harder;9. worry less; l0' get more exercise; 11. take things easy; 12. go in,for sportsi 13. go to Spain; 14. go on a diet; 15. send a fax; l6' buy a Ford.
E. Give advice ti yourfriend who
I'veputonw-eight,, .i l. ride your bike 2. go jogging
230
A Fantastic Place
Paul: Paul: Peter:
A advises B to:
i
n
nuuraQouuoft na6oparopnn. 3. ,{errrra cJle.[yer sa6ornrrcs o cBoID( poAI'Iren'{x,4. Fft cle4yer [LrcaTb Ar4KTaHTbr xaxAblfi AeHs. 5. Hox oqe]r,b o.cTpbrfi. Ban nyxuo 6rtrr arryparHuu. 6' Bau ne cne.ryer pa3roBap[Barb c Mare-
late. we'd better hurry. 2. You ... the matter with the other members of the committee. 3. You don't look very well. You ... to work today' 4. It rnay rain. We .;. an umbrella, 5.. I think you .. ' here till you hear from your husband. 6. It's almost eleven; I .. ' long.
l. we're
Z.EvIy HyxHo 6olrrue pa6orarr
Paul: Peter: Paul:
says:
Peter: Paul: Peter: Paul:
Hello, Peter. What a surprise to meet you here in Madrid' Hey, Paul! Fancy meeting you here' This place is fantastic' Yes, it is. How long have you been here? Oh, I arrived last Saturday. I am staying at the Monaco Hotel. Where are you staying? With my friend Carlos. I have been here since'last Monday' Which places have you visited? Well, I have already visited the Prado Musewn' I went there last Monday. It's fantastic. I saw some beautiful paintings there' You really should go. I will, indeed. Have you gone shopping to Palacio Real yet? Yes, I went there yesterday. The state rooms were magnificent' That sounds nice. Have you been shopping at all? No, I haven't, but I will do that soon. I want to go to the Rastro flea market to buy some souvenirs.
231
{Peten
Paul: Peter:
Pauk Peter:
PauI:
Petec
we caD meet tomorrow. Okay, then. How about 7 o'clock at Bistro Caf6? All tight. See you tomorrow. Seeyou.
QaeMions
Friend: What did you do most Sandra:
{
Friend: Sandra:
{ { I
;t
,*
R"I"pIoy 2.. Your friend is in your city on business. He/she is staying at a hotel. You are free today and can take hinr,firer sightseeing. But it turns out that your friend has already seen most of the sights you wanted to show hin/her.
Sandra Castle had a wonderful holiday friend in the street
in ltaly. Here she is talking.to her
Frie,nd: Hello. You look well. Where have you been? Sandra: I've just come back from Italy. Friend: Oh. Did you have a good time? Sandra: Yes. Wonderfrrl. Friend: Where did you go exactly?
Sardra: Rimini.
Fricnd: Did you go on a package holida)4 Sandra: Yes, I did. Itwas very cheap. Friend: Did you stay in a hotel? Saridra: Yes I did. Friend' And how long were you there? Sandra: Aforbright. Friend: Did you go alone? Sandra: No, I went with my boyfriend.
Friend: And what was the weather like? Sandra: Itwas fantastic. It was really hot every day.
Sandra:
Friend:
A. Imagine you are Sandrs Castle. Talk aboutyour holiday. B. In pairs, ask each other qaestidns about your last holidays
t
':
t
i I
FinalDiscussion
I
1, Describe the most memorable holiday you've ever had.
il
2. Deicribe your sightseeing
in a town of special histotic interest
3. Speak about a holiday you spent at the seaside.
{ WhatWas Your Holiday Like?
Friend:
days?
We went swimming and lay on the beach. And what did you do in the evenings? Some nights we went to a bar or a disco and other nights we just stayed in the hotel. Did you go on any excursions? No, we didn't. Oh. Look at the time. I must rush. See you.
Sandra: Bye. if;
q
1. Where is Paul? 2. When did he arrive? 3. Where is he staying? 4. What places has he visited? 5. What hasn't he done yet? 6. Where is he going tonight?
232
t,
That's a good idea. Have you tried paella yet? Of course. I went to 'Lhardy' restaurant last night with some friends. The food was just delicious. I see you don't waste your time. What are you doing tonight? Shall we go out for a drink? I'd love to, but I can't. I am going to the opera to see Carmen. But
tf ,!,
r (l
I
4. Talk on the following points:
l. What is your idea of a good holiday? 2. What sort of places do you like for your holidays? 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a holiday at the seaside /in a holiday camp /in a quiet fishing village? 4. What do you think of a walking holida/ Do you find it enjoyable? 5. Summer is coming and it is time to make holiday plans. Ask your partner what his/her plans for the holiday are. 6. Discuss some ways of spending a holiday.
{
I i
I j
I
I d
{ :, i
233
2. Ted is talking about u holiday which he had once in the United States ll/rite prepositions from the table above in lhese blonks, adding other words if necessary @.g. the,$. In New York I went
Liberty
Grammar: Indirect questions
i Topic: Asking the way ' Communication: Directions. Arresting someone's attention. Gratitude
Part A
I. Read the tixt and speak abbut the English trdlfic. Text: Traffic in London There is a lot of haffic in the streets of London. Most of London buses are the famous red double-deckers that have two.platforms for passengers. There are also green one-storey buses, they run from London to the countryside. Brown
around on foot mainly. You
can visit ttre Statue
-"t anothei Englishman. We decided to go together to San Francisco _ bus, because it's cheaper than going plane. Altogether train or we spe4t four days and nights _ bus. We wauted to go round San Francisco caq a cousin of mine lent me his car, car for only a few hours, it broke down. By this time but after we'd b€en _ it was midnight, and we started to go back to my cousin's house foot, lorry,. I came back to Lonbut a lorry-driver stopped and took us back _ plane! I don _ air, and I can tell you I was too tired to talk to anyone _ think it would be great to do the trip from New York to San Francisco motorbike. There's a book'about a man who took his small son right across the States old motorbike. On time and ln time
buses belong to British railways.
Be careful when you cross the street in London, because in Britain the traffrc keeps to the left, and not to the right as in European countries. When you want to cross the sfteet, look first to the right and then to the left.
l. On time means 'at exactly the correct time'. The train arrived right on time.
The traffic lights in Britain are not like those in Europe. The red light says 'Stop', the green light says 'Wait' and the yellow light says 'Cross'. 'Keep lef is the general rule in Great Britain. People cross the street at the blackand-white crossing, but if ttrey are in a hurry they just run across at any place . Sometimes a policeman stops them. They call him 'Bobby'. He stands at street corners regulating the traffic.
2. In time means 'not late, early enough to be able to do sth'. Will we be in time for the six o'clock train?
IIow? Ways of travelling
In seneral bikey'motorbikey'car/
by
van/t,ony/trainlplanel
airlbuVtram/ship
When talkins about oarticular vehicles on hiVthat, etc. bikdmotorbike iz nrylthig etc- cat/vanAorry on the hain/plane/buVtram/ship
The ambulance got there just in time (= to save sb's 3.
oz the boat (ifa large boat) in the boat (if a small boat)
on foot
Examples I like travelling by bike. I travelled around Italv on rru
:
caz.siri
'.s
bike.
Note It is oossible- but less usual. to sav in the train. etc.
234
FilI iz.' on time or in
time.
t
,,'i
;
,
Mr Savage was driving very fast last night because he wanted to be home ... for the late film. He knew it probably wouldn't start ... but he didn't want to take any chanctjs. Suddenly, a boy on a bicycle appeared in front ofhis car and Mr Savage just managed to stqp ... to avoid hitting him. He :lvas so frightened by this that he dreve the rest of the way home very slowly. Unfortunately, the film had star,ted . . - and he missed the first half hour of it. 4.
boat
of
bout I
boat, and
Answer the
questions
:
l.
What is the traffic in.yorlr city like? 2. What kind of city hansport do yo.t like? 3, Whai is the most cohVenient ineans of city transfiort? 4. At'6that tim€ does the bus service begin in your citf 5. Till what time do buses run? 6. What do we call the hours when the city transport carries the greatest number of passengers? 7. When are buses usually full? 8. What do we call the mortey passengers pay for their trip'on buses? 9. Do you find the tansport service in
235
2. - Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the station?
your city satisfactory? 10. Have you ever tavelled abroad? ll.What countries have you visited? 12. Is the public transport in those countries different fromthe public transport in this coun@
'
,
'
- WiU it take me long to get there? - No, it's no distance at all.
-Thankyou.
Part B
'
:
- That's OK.
Conversation Practice
I. Sady,the conversadonolformulas.used to askfor Asking for directions
Can (Could) you tell me
(Excuse mer) do you know
3. - Excuse me, please. Could you tell me how to get to the town centre? and give
how to get how I carr get
directions
- First right, second left. You can'tmiss it: - Is it too far to walk? - il;;:t only a couple. of hundred yards. - Thanks very much.
I
I to
the station?
the wav the way to the bank? where the nearest police station is?
It's a pleasure.
',
4.
- Does this bus go to the town centre? - No, you'll have to get offat the bank andtake a 182. - Can you tell me where to get off? - It's the next stop but one.
'
5.
- Excuse me.
Is this the/right/way to ...? Am I right for ... f Does ttris buVtrain go to... ?
Go straight qr/ahead.
Giving
I
dircc'tions:
'J
fint It's Take
the
second
third
tuming on the leff/right.
-yes? - Could you tell me how to get to the bank, please? - Yes, of course. Go along this road as far as the trafiic lights. Then tum left into *re High Street and it's on the right. - Is it far? - No, not very far. - Thankyou verymuch.
I
next Go along/down/up this street as fa as the crossroads. Turn leff/right at the traffic lights.
f \,
Turn.into Beech Road.
It's
at the end
ofthe street.
Shaigbt ahead till you come to the traffic lightVcrossroads, then tum leff/right. Takea number ... bus. (all the way) Take a number,.. bus and get off at ... . Take a tube to .../a bus to .../a frain to . .. .
2. Sndy and pructisc the yo ur ow n co nversatio ns.
following conversations. Use them as models Asking theWay
1. - Excuse me,
can you tell me wtrere South Street is, please? - Take the secondtuming on the left and then ask again.
'
- Is it far? - No, it's only about five minutes' walk - Many thanls.
236
I
- You're welcome.
6.
- Excuse me, miss. Is this where the 33 bus stops? - Well, several buses-stop here. The 33 stops here, too. Wlrere do you want'to go?
for
r
'
r
J.
- I want to get to La Guardia Airport. - The 33 will take you there. Thank you. Not at all. - Excuse me. Can you tell me where the bus station is? - Walk two blocks up Reed. Then turn right on Jefferson. - RiCht on Jefferson. OK ... Then go one block to Peter Steet, cross Peter, and you'll see it on your left. It's opposite the'drugstore - Cross Peter and it's on the left, opposite the drugstore.
237
8.
- Listen, do you know the way to the police station? - The police station. Yes, it's easy. You furn left at the next road. Mill Street .,. - Turn left, OK ... - Then go straight on for about 200 inetres. Then you get to the post
22.Get offin/at Theatre Square and change to/for anwnber 2 bus.
I get to Red Square? 24.I'm looking for a post ofiice. 23. How can
frce.
- The post office. - Yes, ifs on the right. - On the right, OK. - Next to the post office; turn right into Beech Road. - Beech Road. OK. - Go along the road, then turn left at the bookshop, into Lime Avenue. - Yes, OK. - The police station is in Lime Avenue. It's at the end of the street, on the left. - OK, thanks verymuch. 3. Find the Rassian sentence in Column B which is close in meaning to the English sentence in column A.
Column A
l.
Go straight on as far as the fust (second) turning on the left (right).
4.
AmI right for the British Museum? Are vou getting offat the next stop? It's very far from here.
2. Take a number 2 bus. 3. It's a five minutes' walk 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
from here.
It's just round the corirer.
Which is the quickest way to the centre? A number 56 bus will take you right there. 10. It's just.two steps fromhere. I l. Do I get offhere? 12. Go straight ahead till you come to the traffic lights.
13 All
fares, please. 14. Where do I have to change? 15. Move to the front, please. 16. There is some room in the middle. 17. Ygu'd better go by underground. 18. Go three blocls and then turn to the right. 1 9. The 22 bus stops just round the corner. 20. The nearest underground station is quite a long way from here. 21. Could you please tell me the way to the port?
238
I'm a stranger here. : I'm afraid I've lost my way. get 27.You should offat the next stop but one. 25. You see
of--
26.I'm afraid I'm lost. Column B
a) f. rryanwrbHo r{Ay x Epurancxorray rrryrero? 6) Brr bnxognre Ha cneAyrouefi ocraHosre? n) 3ro rprMo 3a yrJroM.
r)
Kar 6ucrpee ncero'npoftrn x qenrpy?
a) 3ro s AByx urar€tx orcroAa. e) .fl rgecr nuxoxy? x) Lllure nprMo 4o cnerorfopa. s) fllarnre 3a [poe3A, noxarryficra. u) fae MHe rryxHo cAeJrarb repeca4xy? x) Bau flyqrue npexaTb Ha Merpo.
r)
H.qure nprMo go nepnoro(rroporo) noBopora HrueBo (nanpano).
u) CaAlrrecr ua "4noftry". n) 3ro B rurrlr MnHyrax xoAr6sr oiuoAa. o) Oruoga oqeHb AaJreKo. u) 56 anro6yc AoBe3er Bac rlp.flMo ryAa. p) Kax upofirn r KpacHofi nnoulaAn?
c) Ilpoxoanre
r)
y)
B[epeA, noxanryficra.
Alcllry roqry. Cofi4rare na Tearpamuofi nnouraAu u nepecx4rre ua auro6yc Nl2.
Q) Eorocr, vro r sa6nygrarcr.
x)
Blr4Hre Jrvr,fl34ecb BlepBbre. ry) 22 anro6yc ocraHaBJlrrBaerc.fl KaK pa3 3a yrnoM. v) Brr He cKaxere, xar npoftrr.t n nopr? ru) B cepe4r,lfle ecrb Mecro. IrI) BaTu Hyxuo srrfiru qepe3 ocraHoBKy. r) Ilpofi4ure rpr{ KBapriua LI noBepHlare HanpaBo. rr) Bnaxafiruafl crantlvrg Merpo AaneKo orcloAa. 4. Translate into English.
A.
Bn He Moxere nne uorraoqr? - Becrva oxorHo. 9eu a ltory 6rrrr nau nole:en? - Kar nane ronacrb Ha Borcirn? - O, sro HerpyAHo. Mir cefiqac na Bocroqnoft ynnqe. HeAanero orcloAa ecrr rpaueafi Hilr ocTaHoBKa. - ZssflHlrre,
239
B: Right behind you, ma'am. A: Oh! Thanls a lot.
- -f, ruory cecrb raM sa.mo6oil rpaunail?
- Her,
Bu Moxere cecrb
Ha
rpaunan l,3'
I J
7
- Cxolrxo BpeMeHH nonaAo6urcr, uto6lt 4oexarr ryAa? - Oxoro 20 uunyr. flepna.r ocraHoBKa nocJle Mocra 6yger Baua' - Eonruroe cnacu6o. - He cT onr 6laro4aPuocru.
I I
2
A: No, not really. I'm just passing through. B: Well, first go down this street to the traffic light. A: OK. B: Then turn left and go along Sunset Boulevard for about two blocks.
I
coxaneHl,fio, orcK)Aa Her nptMoro rpancflopra' Bau nPhAercr cAerarb nepecaAKy. - Mu npnes)Kl,Ie l,t He 3HaeM cl4creMbl ropoAcl(oto rpaHcnopra' But He
-K
- Het, oua 3a yl-noM. - fAe urr AoJIxHbl nttilru? - Bu nrtftrnre ua I-l,errrpalrsofi rutolqaAr. Taru Bbl AoJrxHbI [ePececrb lla rpaunaft Ne 5. Orryaa MoxHo raxxe Aofirn [eltrKOM. Kunorearp o lecrrl{ MI,II{yrax xoAr6u or I{eurpanrHofi n-noura'u,l't' - Eomruoe cnacn6o. - floxarryficr-a. Roleptay 1.. 1. You've moved house and are going to have a house-warming party. You phone your friend to invite him/her to the party and give directions to your new flat.
of " ' ' You ask a passer-by
to show
know Roleplay 3: You have invited your parhers to a restaurant. They don't liom get thcrc to way best the them Tell ho*'to let there by public transport. the area each of them lives in.
in 5. Sndy and practise the foltowing conversations. Note the word order indirect questions.
l. A: Excuse me, officer. Could you tell me how often the numbcr 6 bus comes?
B: You've just missed it, ma'am, but there's another one in half an hour. A: Oh, no! Then could you tell me where Adam Street is? B: Two blocks east and one block north, ma'am' A: Thank you. And just one a1s1s thing' Do you know where the nearest restroom is?
240
the nearest bank is?
Do you know where the Main Post Offrce is?
I
o6rccHUTe narra 4oPory? _ OxOrsO. CHa.{ara BaM HaAO AOexaTb AO I{eHrparuuoil rutouraAu' Bu Moxere cecrb Ha anro6Yc 56 l,rrlu 38. - Anro6ycuar ocraHoBKa AaneKo orcrcAa?
A: Excuse me, please. Do you know where B: Well, the City Bank isn't far from here.
- I43BnHlrre, KaK [Poexarl K Kl{Horearpy "Mocrea"?
Roleplay 2.' You are. lost in the streets you the way to Your hotel.
See that sign?
The bank is on your right, just past the post office.
A: All rigbt. Thanks! B: You're welcome. 3.
A
E:rcuse me officer. I'm looking for a taxi stand- Can you tell me where one is? B: Sure. There's one on Jefferson Street. A: Yes, but where is Jefferson? I'm new in town. B: Oh, well, go along Quincy here for two blocks. A: Along Quincy, OK. B: Then turn left and go up to Luke Street. You'll go past Adam Street. A: OK. Past Adam Street. B: Right. The taxi stand is on the corner of Luke and Jefferson Street. A: OK. Thanks a lot.
6. Make indirect questions
from
these wh- and yes/no questions.
e.g. How often does the bus come? (Can you tell me ... ?) Can you tell me how often the bus comes?
l. How much does a taxi to the airport cost? @o you know ... ? \ 2. Where is the nearest subway station? (Can you tell me ... ?) 3.Does this bus go to the station? (I wonder ...) 4. What time does the last bus come? (I'd like to know ...) 5. How often does the airport bus leave? (Could you tell me ... ?) 6. Where is the train station? (Do you know ...?) 7. Is there a bus from here to the Bristol Hotel? (Can you tell me ... ?) 8. How far is it to Chicago? (I wonder...) 9. How can I get to Broadway? (Will you tell me ... ?) 10. Is there an underground station not far from here? (Can you tell me ... ?) 11. Fiow long will it take me to get to the cenhe? (I wonder ...) 12. How far are we from New York? (I want to know ...) 13. Does this train stop at Leeds? @o you know ...?) 14. Can you direct me to the British Museum? (I'd like to know ...) 15. Where can I catch the bus? (Could you please tell me ... ?) 16. Where is the police station? (I wonder ...) l7.Is this the right bus to the Central Park? (Do you lanow ... ?) 18. Does the 24 bus stop here? (I wonder ...)
24r
B. l. What street do you live in? 2. Where do you work? 3. Ig yogr offrce far
7. Translate into English.
TH sHaerub, KorAa ornpaBnterct nepnufi arro6yc? 2, fl xoty 3uar6, trpl'IAercr nn MHe Aenarb flepecaAKy. 3. Bu se cKaxere, l0-fi arm6yc ocraHaBrr;[BaErcr. gAecr? 4. klnnepecao, npuAer nLI oH BoBpeMr na ceft pa:. 5. { 6u
l.
xoreJr 3Har6, ror4a npu6uBaer noe3A us AtucrepAaua. 6. Hnrepecno, ycrIeJI JrH oH Ha arto6yc. 7. Bu se cKa)Kere MHe, -rAe HaxoAI'ITct 6luxaillur'Ifi cynepuapxer? 8. .fl 6u xoreJl 3Harb, KaK fl Mory ryAa Ao6parbct cKoJIbKo 'I BpeMeHH y MeHfl yfi4er na gro. 9. Brr ne :uaete, 3To Mecro cso6oaHo? 10. Iloxanyilcra, cKrDKr{re MHe, Ha raxou anro6yce,..[ Mory Aoexarb Ao phIHra. 11. Tu ge 3H?eIIrb, oHH exaln Ha lloe3Ae I{,Iu{ JIeTeJII'I ua cauolere?
He rloMHurtrr, cKoJIbKo Mbt ITJIaTLHI{ ra npoerg? 13..fl 6rr xorel 3Harf,, He ivoxerur nn rbl Aarb MHe aApec Hnnn. 14. I{rrrepecuo, KTo ocrasl,Irt asroMo6lulb rlepeA HaIIIIIM AoMoM. 16. Tn He 3Haeulb' KaK rlacro lrAyr 3JreKTpr{rrKlr'na Mocxny? 17. Brr He Mornu 6tl wue cka3arb, xorAa ornpaBnf,ercr noe3A a Eeplun? 18. Brr ud sHaete, eror anro6yc LIAer B qeurp?
l2.Ttt
8, Study and practise the conversation.
Commuting
Julia:
Billy: .
The way I commute to work is probably quite unusuaM rollbrblade! I live in Surfside, a suburb in the north of Miami and I work at a hotel on Miami beach. It takes about twenty minutes to get to work.
And of course it costs nothing. It's usually warm and surury in Miami and rollerblading is very healthy - I really eqjoy it. But rollerblading is a bit dangerous when you cross busy roads. And it's tiring! Commuting is really difficult in London. It's a huge city and there's a lot of traffrc. You canlt really commutE by, car beoause it's impossible to park in the centre of London. There's a good underground system but there aren't any stations near my house so I get the bus to work It isn't expensive but it's sometimes quite slow because of all the traffic. And I hate waiting at the bus stop in the winter, it's very
boring! Questions,
How does Julia commute to work? 2. How long does it take.her to get to work? 3. Dotis she like rollerblading? 4- Why is it sometimes abit dangeroris? bY 5. Why is ctimmuting diffrcult in ow car? 7. What makes it diffrcult for
A.
1.
does he get to work? 9. Is the
boring in the winter?
242
bus
car
II {
i
{
from your house? 4. Do you commute to work by car or by public tranqport? 5. Which of you goes to work by bus/rolleybuVtram? 6. What number bus do you take to get to work? 7. Do you have to change on the way to the office? -8. Wh"r" dq you change? 9. ,How long does it take you to get to work? 10. How did you get here? 1l;,How long did it take you? 12.Have you ever been lost in a large city? Where? When? 13. Did you ever have to give directions to a stranger in this citf 14. Do you always buy a map when you go to a new city in this country or,abroad? Are the maps helpful? 9. Translate into English. 1. He uorrur 6H srr cKruarb MEe, KaK nonacrb a aeponopr? 2. f rc dllnxaitruaf, craHrllrr uerpo? 3. I]oqra B Tpex KBapranax orcrcAa. Ilpoft4me rpn KBaprurna ulu noegxafire Ha METpo. 5. BrtxoAure Ha nocJle.ulrefi ocranosre. 6. flepecaxcuBafrecb ua arro6yc ceAbMoro Maplrpyrai 7, A ryla MoxHo upofiru neruxou? 8. -fI 6rr xoreJr y3Harb, KaK Ao6parbcf, Ao BoK3aIIa. 9. floBepHlrre Ha Bropyro ynurry cneBa lr I,IAI,ITe flptMo. 10. fle MrIe HyxHo cAe[ar6 rrepecaAry? ll, Craxrne, noxuryfrcra, rAe MHe lryxHo BbIxoAI,ITb. 12.fl.za6nylurcr. He rroKtDrure JIII MHe Aopory lo ... 13. Brtlotute uue, noxanryftcra, rarcu. 14. B raxcn AJII MeIu He oKa3ulrlocb Mecra. 15. [anafrre srrfiAer{ Ha cne,e/Ioqefi ocraAosre u npofi4euca [euKoM. 16. Cro-nrxo apeMeHn y Bac yxoAr.rr Ha roe3AKy na pa6ory? - He 6onee 35 uusyr. 17. IIpocrr{Te, Bbr Moxere cK&rarb une, raroft tporuefi6yc I{Aer no Ilerpoare? 18. X xr{By Ha oAsoft r{3 Har.I6onee oxLIBJreHHhtx ynl{u Haurero ropoAa. 19. Cxaxure, KaK uHe upofiru K ueHTpanbHoMy craAuol{y. - vllnre nptMo no erofi yrr[ue, 3areM noBepHr.rre HarrpaBo. 20. Mne Kalxerc,r, rITo MbI He ryAa eAeM (c6ulncr c nyrn). 21. Bn6tuoreKa B gnyx ilarax orcloAa. Il4ure nptMo no erofi yrnqe. fl ury ryrc xe. Ecnu xorl{Te, nofiAeure co unofi. 22,8-firpausaft Aoseser MeHt Ao rearpa Korr,re4ul.r? -Her.23. Mu nrtfiAeu ur aaro6yca Ha cneAyrorqefi octaHonre u nepectAerrl Ha 5-fi rpauaafi. On npnaeser Hac rrpf,Mo K rearpy. 24. Ha ror JII{ rporurefi6yc s. cet? 25. Mu ne npoexan[ ocraHonry? - Her. Harra HaAo BbtxoA[Tb qepe3 ocraHoBKy. 26.He yAI{BItreJIbHo, vro anro6yc nepe[onneH. Vac nm. 27. f rc 6nuxailtnat crotHxa raxcn? A ona3.&rBaro. 28. Cxaxrrre, noxarryftcra, r npofigy raK K rocrl'lguue "Mocrsz"? 29. }44trre nptMo, AofiAete Ao BblcorHoro 3Aar.UA> a raM cnpocure y
xoro-nn6yAr. 30. Barvr HaAo cecrb na lS-fi rpauaaf H rpoexarb... ,{afire noAyMarb... H npoexarr rlerblpe ocraHoBKtl.3l. Iloesxafire ua aaro6yce go
uerpo (sro
KoHer{HtuI ocranonxa), 3areM Ha MetPo K ueHTpy rlerBlpe ocra-
Ha 3roM anro6yce ao TpaQalrrapcroft moulaAu? - Eorocb, qro ner. Bau HaAo cecrb ua22 utru 14. A sror arro6yc soo6qe nAer B o6paruou uanpaueiun. 33. Kar Glcrpee go6parrcr 4o Spunraxca? - CaArrrecb na l0-fi rporurefi6yc n uoegxaftre Ao 3ttufiero ABopqa. Talvr sn sHfiAr{Te r{ nofi,qere Ao nepBoro noBopora HarlpaBo. HoBKr.r. 32.
fl. rcery
243
Final Discussion
l.
Speak on:
a) the public transport in your city; b) howyou oommut€ to work; : : c) your experience in finding the way in this country br,abroad,
2. Compare the public transport in your cig and the public transport in the count4t you visited some tiJne ago..
Grammar: Past Perfect. Past Perfect Continuous. Future Perfect. Future
Perfect Continuous Topic: Past experiences
lllustrative Situations
3. ll/ork in pairs. Use the map. Askfor and give directions.
from
to
the bank the train station
the bridge the bank
the library
the cinema the art gallery
the hospital
The past perfect is used: . for an action which happened before another past action or before a stated time in the past. They had already reserved the table when they went to the restaurant. (They made a reservation fust and then they went to the restaurant.) They had already sat down for dinner by 8 pm. . for an action which finished in the past and whose result was visible in the past. She was sad because she had failed her exam. Note: The past perfect is the past equivalent of the present perfect. He can't find his watch. He has lost it. He couldn't find his watch. He had lost it.
The past perfect continuous is the past equivalent ofthe present perfect con-
@ o
g a4
a
Rfuer Lane
tinuous. I hope the bus will come soon. I've been waiting for 20 minutes. (before now) At last the bus came. I'd been waiting for 20 minutes. (before the bus came) James is out of breath. He has been running. James was out of breath. He had been running.
.
The future perfect is used for an action which
will be finished before a
stated future time. They will have finished their meeting by four o'clock this afternoon. Next year they will have been married for 25 years. We're late. The film will have already started by the time we get to the cinema.
. The future perfect continuous is used to emphasise the duration of an action up to a certain time in the future. By the time Rick retires, he will have been working for the same company for
thirty years. By the end of next month, Alec will have been fiavelling for ten years. 244
245
1. Put the verbs
in brackets into
Practice
was in a mess. He ... it for a month. 6. The streets were covered with snow. It ... heavily the night before. 7. Tom was exhausted. He ... well. 8. Helen was
the past perfect or past simple.
very frightened. She ... a horror frlm. 9. Alan bought a large house and an
up) when someone (kndck) on the front door. 2. She (enjoy) her visit to Rome although she (already/go) there once.before- 3.:When we (return), wb (frnd) that somebody (breal inio) our flat. 4. I (noVfinish) cooking dinntir when my parents (come) to visit. 5. Jim (go out) for coffee after he (unite) a letter to his grandmother. 6. They (leave) the cinema after the frlm (end).7. S.he (be) excitedbecaussshe (not/see) aplaybefore. 8. (youilike) the cake she (bake)? 9. He (hear) the song on the radio before he Oug the CD. 10. They (be) tired because ttrey (play) football. 11. She was sad because she (lose) the game. 12. The match (aheady/start) when tliey (arrive) at the stadium. 13. When she (hang up) the phone she (realise) she (forget) to take down the caller's name and number. 14. After they (frnish) their picnic, they (take) their rubbish home with them. 15- Lorna (look) wonderful after she (lose) some kilos. 16. Maria (never/see) the ocean before slle (leave) hervillage. 17. By the time she (reach)'the harbour, the fgni (eave). 18. He (al-
expensive car. He ... the lottery.
ready/pack) his suitcase before he (go) to bed.
2. A: (yor.r/go)
l. I (just/wake
2. Join the sentqnces using the words in
brackets.
a solution to nry problem. Then,
'
' ' j'
. ,
5. Put the verbs in brackets into thq past simple, past perfect or past continuous.
l.
A:'Where (be) you last night? B: I (be) at the cinema. I (watch) A: Oh gosh! How (itlhappen)?
wg(!.,folfet,
1ot e.g. The kitchen smelt delicious.
Murn had just b"aked a cake.l
i' : r;-' :' ,:;
film when a fire (break out).
a match into a waste-paper basket. to the beach on Saturday? B: No, I (go) on Sunday instead. A: (you/have) a good time? B: No, I didn't. I (sunbathe) when it (start) raining, so I (leave) in a hurry. A: I (lose) my keys yesterday.
B: Where (you/lose) them? A: I don't know. I (go) shopping and when
4.
6.
sleep, not clean, borrow
a great
B: Someone (drop)
I felt happier. (when) 2. The boys
I got back, I (realise)
that
I
(leave) my keys somewhere. A: I (crash) my car last night. B: Oh, dear! How (yor.r/manage) to do that? A: Well, I (drive) down Ford Street when a cat (run) in front of my car. A: What (happen) next? B: I (turn) too quickly and (hit) a post. A: And the cat? B: Oh, it (already/climb) up a tree.
Study and practise the texts.
A SmaftTeacher '
out of her . her dress
The house
246
l. By Saturday ... .2. Bythe end of themonth... .3.ByJuly... .4.8y2007 ... . 5. By l0 o'clock ... . 6. ... by the end of the lesson.
3.
3. Complete the sentences using a verb lrom the liet below.
I
By five o'clock yesterday I had translated the article.
:
finished their homework. Then, they went out to play. (before) 3. He locked the door. Then, the phone rang. (after) 4. Sarah washed the dishes..!hen, her husband arrived. (by the time) 5. The concert finished. Then, the fans left the the theatre. (alstadium Engligh. Oy the ready .. Jason fai.led his time) 8. 't0.'Wendy frndriving ished the washing-up. She played chess. (after) :
bqke, snow, win, walk, rain,
e.g. By five o'clock yesterday ...
.
e.g. She cleaned the house. Then she watched TVr (after) : After she had cleaned the house, she watched TV,
l. I forurd
4. Complete the following.
My most embarrasing experience happened when I had just left the university. I had just started teaching in a Liverpool secondary school. One morning my alarm clock didnlt ring. I had forgotten to wind it up. I woke up at half past eight and school began at nine. I quickly washed, shaved, jumped into my car and drove to school. When I arrived, the students had already gone into class.
247
2.
1
After two or thtee minutes the students began laughing, and I couldn't understand why. Suddenly I looked down and irnderstosd. I had put on-one black
3.
shoe and one brown shoe!
The Most ImpodantThing
Mr and Mrs Jenkins thought F"y *ere all prepared for their vacation' They
had packed their suiteases several days ahead of time. They had gone to the bbnk and got travellers cheques. They had even asked their next-door neighbour to water their plants and feed their dog u'hile they were away;
A: What
toys.
5. 6.
l.
Onn o6cyx4anlr HoBocrI,I, Koropble roJrbKo qro non) run w. 2. O:na [p]rror{To oTToBr.r,Jra Bce K rurrlr qacaM I,I xAarla rocreft. 3. Cerperapr coo6Iqul, cryK B KorAaycJrbrluana 4. f, e:l{Le. He 3aclry{a, fiopx. n Hrro rrpaBr4rr Qarc rrpuKorAa MbI nplrrnaluenxn. 5. or sro orKa3illlct coxareJl, 4. Os ABepb.
l.
& Puttheverbs in brgclceE into thepntperfect or the pastperfectcontinutus'
l.
A: Did you do anything last night? B: I went to the gym and I fiust/arrive) when Michael balled me. He Said he (try) to call me f'or ten minutes before I finally answered the phone.
248
in brackets into the coftect
A: Why was Tim
tense.
so tired lastnight?
B: Oh, he (work) hard all day.
2. A:l 3.
[Jrr,r B Tearp, c[eKnaK,Ib
yH[BepcLITeT.
I (clean),the house for hours. when the children came in with muddy shoes. A: Why are you so late for work this mcirnin!? B: I'm sorry. I (wait) for the train for over an hour before it eventually arrived.
9. Put the verbs
Translatc into EngliSh.
HI4 OHa )DI(e OXOHq]uIa
A: Why were you so upset this morning?
B: Well,
forgottento do the most important thing.
9. [ern norepr.rrlr co6auxy t4vcKurv ee B caAy.'10. Os 6rut 6naroAapeH cBolrM poAI,ITeJrf,u. Onn raK MHoro cAenanu Art Hero. 11. Oua He 3HaJIa, KaK Harrarb, nororvry qro paHbrue He BbInoJIHtrIa raroft pa6oru. 12, Ha y:i.uge 6rur currHrrfi rraopos. flerra ue BbIxoAI'uIlI Ha ynruIy yxe ABa Anr. 13. KorAa MLI Bcrperl4nucl, uofi oAHoKJIaccHI'lK cKa3aJI, qro f orleHb IBMeHI'IJrct. 14. TenerparvrMa IrpLIIuna Aec.f,Tb MrIFryr inycrr nocJle roro, KaK TEI yexara15. K cerrau qacaM Bce yNe npu6rtru{ Ha BoK3aJI' 16. K rouy BpeMeHI'I KaK HarruurbHuK rrpl{ItreJr, r yxe nanra6aJl AoKIIaA. 17. ott yruen Ao rofo, KaK MbI norryqnnu renerpaMMy. 18. Mofi 6par cxa:al, qro oH yxe trocerl'In 3ry BbIcraBr(y. 19. K cerr.rI,r qacaM sce yxe npu6ullr Ha BoK3aJI' 20. K srorray BpeMe-
a shame!
B: Yes, the children (dusQ the furnihre and they (put away) all of their
t
Mr and Mrs Jenkins were heartbroken. They couldn't believe what they had done. They thought they were all prepared for their vabation, but they had
yxe Haqaflct. 5. Kor,qa oHI{ ygrJll4, MbI BCTI9MHHJII'1' rrro He noKa3aJrr{ rav rfororpasuu. 6. os cKtl3ilrl, tITo roJrbKo rITo BepHynct rar Klrras.7. -fl o'relrb y\aBuncb, KorAay3Hzrla, qro oH HauI{ctlJI sror 6ecrcerxep. 8. On 6olel yxe HeAenIo, KorAa poAcrBeHHI4KI4 trocJlaJln 3a Bpa{oM.
.
4. A: Was tbe house tidy when you got home?
However, as soon as Mr and Mrs Jenkins arrived at the alport, they tealized that they had forgotten to bring their plane tickets with them and there wasn't enough time before the fligit to go back home and get them.
7"
A: Did you catch bny,frsh on your frshing trip today? B: Yes, I (sit) in the boat for two hours when I caught a big fish: .' A: Did you enjoy the open-air concert yesterday? B: The music was good, but the weather was terrible. The concert (ust/start) when suddenly, it began to rain. The musicians (only/pla/ for ten minutes.
4. "
5.
(go) to the cinema last'night.
B: Really? What (you/see)? A: Did you have enough to eat at the patty? B: Yes. Sarah (make) a lot of food. A: What (you/do) at eight o'clock last night? B: I (watqh) television. Why? A: Colin! Look at yourself! You're frlthy! B: I know. I (repair) my motorbike ' really silly yesterday. B: Really, what? A: I (get up) and (set off) for work as usual. (realise) it was Stmday. A:I0ust/hear) some incredible news! B: What?
6. A: I (do) something
. '1
'
'
.
an hour before
I
I:s Vegas. Isn't that amazing? Dad? A: Where's B: He's in the garage. He (repair/the car) all morning.
A:
8:
I (drive) for
Jason and Emily (get) married last week in
10. Put the verbs in brackets into the future petfect or futute perfect continuous. l. By 3 o'clock, she (study) for six hours. 2. By the end of next month, Sam (finish) the project. 3. He (not/start) painting before Tuesday. 4. By the time she arrives in Paris, she (travel)'for four hours. 5. I hope I (buy) my own
249
I'm thirty-five. 6. By Saturday, Lisa (diet) for two weeks. (sit) in the hairdresser's for three hours. 8' By next weekI 4 o'clock, 7.By end, Brian (move) house. 9. By Chrisfrnas, I (work) for this company for
house by the time
eighteen months. 10. Hopefully, the builders (furish) building the house by Grammar: Passive Voice
next month. 71. Translate into English.
lllustrative Situations
yxe Aonro pa6orulJl, KorAa npI4ueJI vofi 6par. 2. Ero.cectpa xI,IJIa raM KorAa Hatltulacb BofiHa. 3. Ou cytrlel [oH.flTb Sulrlr, loroMy qro roAa, ABa MHOfO Jrer 3aHUMaJrCr rfpanuyrcruu. 4. Qu urrn MaruI4Hy oKoJlo qaca, KofAa noHrr, qro aro He ero uaururia. 5. B Aoue 3aMeqareJlbHo naxJro. Maua nexna nuporl,t c yrpa. 6. JLoan npoxAanl{ qac, flpexAe qeM npl{uen aBro6yc. 7. Aoxar ruen yxe ABa qaca, KorAa t BbIIrreJI I,I3 AoMat 8. OHa BI;IrJIf,Aera oqeHb ycriurofi. Ona qe.rrtfi 4enr y6npzura KBaprLIpy. 9. K ceuu qacaM t 3aKoHrry 3Ty pa60ry rr cMory orAoxlryrb. 10. Iloesnyxe yftger K roMy BpeMeHH, KaK Mbr rrpl{AeM Ha BoK3tlJI. 11. K rouy BpeMeHI{, KaK BbI BepHerecb,.u yxe yeAy. 12. HaAerocr, qro t Hafiay pa6ory K KoHI-ry roAa. 13. 3anrpa r 3TOMy BpeMeHH Mbt yxe noo6eAaeru. 14. .fl HanI.tury cBoe coqlrHeHHe K TpeM qacaM. 15. K xonuy roAa MbI 6yAeu xurr s Mocrne yxe ABaAqarb ner. 16. Kor,qa nprreAer rloJu,ulwl, Spux yxe rpI,I qaca 6y4er exarr s Texac. 17. K ToMy BpeMeHu rax gefn BepHyrct H3 urolll, trx MaMa yxe HecKonbKo qacoB
l.
.II
6y4er pa6orarb
B
Use The Passive is used: l. when the agent (the person who does the action) is unknown, unimportant sr obvious from the context. My purse was stolen on tho train. (unlmown agent) He was arrssted. (obvious agent) The plants are watered every evening. (unimportant agent)
2. when the action is more important than the agent, as in processes, instructions, events, reports, headlines, news items and advertisements. The local bank was robbed this morning. (news report') Bread is baked in an oven for about 45 minutes. Qtrocess) Taking pictures is not allowed. (wyitten notice\ The Fine Arts Museum will be opened to the public on November l4rh_ (formal notice)
caAy. 8. B ruole 6yger roA, Kalct 3Aecb xllBy.
Structures Present simple
Active They clean the offrce twice
a week. Passive The oflice is cleaned twice a week.
Past simple Active They cleaned the offrce last week. Passive The office was cleaned last week.
Future simple Active They will clean the offrce tpmorrow. Passive The office will be cleaned tomorrow. Present Continuous Active They are interviewing her now. Passive She is being interviewed now.
250
I
1
'
251
Past Continuous
Active They were interviewing her at 5 o'clock. Passive She was being interviewed at 5 o'clock.
twice a day. 5. Will the work be finished soon? 6. When will the,conference be held? 7. Who will be invited to the conferense? 8. Where.will breakfaSt be
served?
' i.
Passive The boxes haven't beert packed yet.
D. L The road is still being repaired. 2. The film is being much talked about. 3. Is the floor in the sitting room still,being polished?,4.,Whatproblerns are being discussed at the 6eeling? 5. Whqi$being examined now? : :
Past Perfect
E.
Present Perfect
ActiveTheyhaven't packed the boxes yet.
ActiveTheyhad.alreadysoldalltheticketsbythetimeJohnandMary.ar-
l. The car was being repaired the whole day yesterday. 2. I was, told that qntered the h.alt the yorurg speeialrny article was still bqiqe ryped. '3..'Whe+;,I ists were being instnrcted what to do.
|"f*"All
F. l. My bike
the tickets had been sold by the time John and Mary arrived.
I'm
sorry, madam, but this carpet has akeady been sold. 4. Linda h3s lqgn gr-
Future Perfect 'Active They will have repaired the car by tomorrow Passive The car will have been repaired by tomorrow.
The Passive He wants to be told the truth.
Infinitive The roof of
has been stoldn. 2. Their house hasn't been finished'yet' 3'
the house must be repaired.
This machine can be used for cutting bread.
rested. 5. Have you evef been intervipwed on television?.
G. l. The documents had been signed before I arrived. 2. The room had been prepared for the Hunts but they didn't cqpe. 3. They realized'thqt the telegram hadn't been received. 4. Luckily by th.g time we got there ihe paintrng had not been sold.
1. Look and say.
H. 1. The factory will have been completed by the end of the month. 2. The work will have been frnished by the time you com€ back. 3. The documents will have been typed by the time the boSs ieturns. L l. The dog must be taken for a walk. 2. The car may not be repaired this week. 3. The room has to be cleaned today. 4. This work can be done in an
A. l. The news journal is published every month. 2. Students are asked not to
hour.
smoke. 3. Coffee beans are grown in BraziL 4. Lost time is never found again. 5. The washing-up is done by Joseph every night. 6. The streets are swept every day. 7. Are you allowed-to use this laboratory? 8. Is this gallery visited by manypeople? 9. What's your sbirt made ofl 10. When is breakfast served hlre? Ll. What is produced at this facloqf 12. His novel is much spoicen about. 13. The mail is brought at 9, isn't it?
2.'Put the vetbs ih brackets into the correct passive iense.
Practice
1. All the furniture was taken out of the room. 2. The prize was won by Jack. 3. I was advised to obtain a visa in advance. 4. The old newspapers were thrown away. 5. Rome wasn't built in a day. (proverb) 6. She was given a vase as a present. 'l .The windowwas opened with a hrife. 8' Were the thieves caught? 9. Was Tom told the news? 10. Who was Au$tralia discovered by? 11. \Mhen and where was the party held? 12. Who was invited to the party? 13. You were taught by Mary Brown, weren't you?
B.
You will be paid the money in a few weeks. 2. Mr Jones will be arrested. 3. The sofa won't be delivered on Friday' 4. The animals will be fed
C.
l.
252
'1. Love stories (always/sell) well, 2. The 'Mona Lisai, (paint) by I-eonardo da
Vinci. 3. Nothing (decide) before next Saturday. 4. Ari office block (build) near our school. 5. At 6 o'clock the floor (stilVpolish). 6. 'The, letters (not/type) yet. 7. When he retumed tb the city the stadium (already/build). 8. This road (never/clean)..9,, This purse,{leqve) in the elassroom yesterday. 10. Today's post (not/bring) yet. ll. Your Qrder (send) as,soon as possible. l2.The hole in the roof (repairJ wlren I came home' 13. When (this
church/build)? 14. When (yor:/telll about the:newrrules?'15. I (not/invite) to parties. 16. How (this word/pronounce)?;t7, We,(rvake) by S loud noise at
I drove south, I could see that the old road (rebuild). 20. Harry (duestion) by the police about the accident. 21. Your drinks (bring) in a moment ' 22. When'we arrived we found that one of the windows (break). 23. The suitcases (pack) by the time the taxi comes. 24. Some building work (do) in Park Avenue. 24. Bicycles
night. 18. How much money (steal) in the robber54 19. As
253
(widely/use):in the city instead of public'transport. 25.'The'nsw shopping center (open),by the local MP. 26. Alot of meetings (hold), but nothing (decide) yet. 27. Last week it (decide) not to have an'office party after all. 28. The
(ask) to on holid
I
;jT*: O.
(tUe t
documents/keep) in the safe? 41, (the woman/take) to hospital? 42.(Mr Black/meet) bt the station? 43. When (the meeting/hold)? 3.
Filt inby or witlr.
4. Turn thefollowing into the passive in two ways. e.g. They offered me a job at the bank. I was offered a job at the bank. A job-at the bank was offered to me.
,
1. They often send us letters. 2. They pay him a lot of money. 3. Someone gave her a book. 4, She will send you a fax. 5. My friend advised me to visit this exhibition. 6, I lent Jane $20 yesterday. T. They will order you a taxi. 8. She handed me a note. 9. They will show us their new house. 10. They will fax yoir the report tomorrow morning. 11. They promised us seats in the first row. 12. The doctor recommended me a rest'in the south. 13. They teach us French at the courses. 14. Our chief offered me a day off. 15. Someone has sent her flowers.
5. Turn from the active into the passive. Omit the agent where necessary.
l.
Shakespeare wrote 'Hamlet'. 2. They will paint die office next week. 3. Someone stole my father's calyesterday. 4. We make yoghurt from milk. 5. Sam will fx the roof, 6. My parents gave me this ring' 7. They built the bridge in 1996. 8. He has mended the puncture. 9. They feed the animals tt"i"E u Juy. 10. Somebody has cleaned tir" too-. 11. Somebody is usiriLg the computer at the moment. 12. I didn't realise that somebody was recording our
254
1
conversation. 13. When we got to the stadium,'we found that they had canoelled the game. 14. They are building a new ioad round the city. 15. They have built a new hospital near the alrport. I 6. The car was three years old but they hadn't used it very much. 17. Somebody was cleaning the room whgn I arrived. 18. We plant hundreds of trees every year. 19. Who cooked this delicious turkef 20. A bomb killed the soldier. 21. V/il! Susandecorate the bathroom today? 22. Did lhey send the iwitations yesterday? 23.-Do they make bread in this facto42 24.Haue the police caught the thiefl 25,.A..r.e they still building the supermarket? 26. One of 'our visitors lost this cigarette lighter. 27. They haven't decided the exact time of the match yet. 28. The waitess will bring your drinks in a i'nohent. 29. People asked me the way'threatimes. 30. Lots of people had parked their cars on the pavement. 3 I . They have sold their ca1to pay the debts. 32. How much fsod did they buy? 33. People all over the world speak English. 34. Students write most'of this magazine. 35.They didn't give me the information I,needed. 36. Mrs Gates will look after the baby. 37. They broke the window wittr a baseball bat. 38. Do they produce oil in Spain? 39. Who invented the television? 40. Did they paint the walls? 41. Susan cledns the silver. 42. Who will make the speech? 43. The teacher allowed Tom to miss classes on Friday. 44. Someone wants you on the phone. 45. When will they change the plan? 46.Did you meet the delegation yesterday? 47 . ArL international company publishes these books. 48. Did they ask you a lot of questions after the lecture? 49. You must wash the car today. 50. You can use this saucepan for cooking spaghetti. 52. Everybody
listened to the speakers carefully, 53. They may cancel the appointrnent. 54. They should inform the citizens as soon as possible. 55. I have to finish my homework tonight. 56. They will have built the office by September. 6. Rewrite the
following passages in
the passive.
l. Somebody sent me a bunch of flowers. The man from the flower shop delivered them to my house. He told me that they were a present. A young man had ordered them. He had put no card in the flowers. I still don't knowwho sent them.
2. Someone started a fire in the Couqtney National Park early yesterday morning. They had used a match and some petrol to start the fire. The fire had burnt a lot of trees before someone called the fue brigade. The police have arrested & filani They are;still,questioning him. 3. (Julie's preparations for the wedding) She booked the church two months ago. She has.already sent out the invitations,and has ordered the cake. She hasnlt picked up the wedding dress yet. She will pick it up on Friday. The florist will deliver the flowers on Saturday morning, The hair&esser will style her hair right before the wedding.
255
7.
Ask all lypes of questions about
the
following sentences
11.
l. My neighbour's car was stolen last night. 2. His winter boots were made ih Germany. 3. Marmalade is made from oranges. 4. The TV set will be repaired tomorrow. 5. The mail has already been delivered. 6. The room is being cleaned at the 8.
m.
oment. 7. They
Fill in the qctive
will
have delivered the newspapers by 9.
or passiveform of the verbs
in brackets.
l. An Americaq in London (take) sightseeing by a guide and (show) many beautiful buildings. '(iVtake)'you long to build that house?' he asked the guide wheir they (pass) a hotel. 'About six months,' said the guide. 'A building like that (builQ during a month in New Yorh' the America{said.
/
I
Then he (show) a new offrce building. '(itltake) you long to build that?' he asked the guide. 'About a month,' said the guide. 'A buildi4g like that can (build) in a couple of days in New York,' the American said. Some minutes later they (come) to the Houses of Parliame,nt. 'That's not a bad place. When (it/build)?' asked the American. 'You may not believe me but that buildi'g was not there when I (cross) the street last night,' said the guide smiling.
2. Tom: The nervsagent's Nick
3.
"
13. Kor[e erqe He cBapeH. 14. Keu 6una par6rrabasa? 15. Iloveuy o6 erou .racro.ga6rrsaror? 16. OH 6un y6rr uoxou. 17. 3ra xHura 6rura Harrtrcaua Mor{M ApyroM. 18. K roMy BpeMeHn, KaK oH no3BoHrrJr, o6ea yxe upuroru nwts' 19, Moro rnaprnpy ceftuac peMorrnpyrcr.20.l4x cne.rycr npnrnacllrb Ha csa.qr6y. 21. 3a neft scerAa nochlJlalor. 22. KorAa npnneur o6eg? 23. Koro npurnacfinu Ha Beqepr{HKy? 24. Codpanrae npoBenl{ B [oHeAeJIbwvtx.25.,{enrru HaAo noroxr.rrb B cyMKy. 26. Evry He pa:}peruarcT rrllrb xonoAuyrc sory.27. Ha Taruo HaKpruzrnH. 28. OH roBoplTr, qro nl{r{$/ ilplBe3yr qepe3 Aecrrb Mr.rHyr. 29.Bav, qacm nora3hrsaror auuluficrue iflurrurr? 30. flepeno4 6yAer saxonren eanrpa? 31. flouerray HaA HaMI{ BcerAa cMex)F cs? 32. Hau nceu AaA/T no MarunHe. 33. Koraa Mbr no3BoHllltn, nee 6Hno yxe cAenaHo. 34. Koraa 6y4er uaneraraHa rBor rHura? 35. Euy He pa3peruar Kynarbcr. 36. MeH.t roJIbKo qro o6 groM cnparlrl{Butu. 37. Pa6ora 6yAer 3axoHqeHa K KoHIry Mectqa. 38. K ronry BpeMeHtr KaK BEr BepHerecb, oKc[epnMeHT 6yAer sarepureu.
(break) into. About f 1000 (take).
(the thieflfind)?
Tom: No, not yet. The theft (only./discover) an hour ago. There's a room at the back of the shop where the money (keep) in a safe. This moming the cleaner (notice) that the window (break), so she (tell) the owner. A few people (question) by the police, but nobody (know) much. An officer said that any information (welcome).
Nick
fle xpaHfrr xypuarrr? 10. Sror Mara3[rn 3ar(pburlr B uecrr? 05 srofi ruure MHoro roBopnnh. 12.3ro rruclMo HaM AaJrn Bqepa.
erqe Kpacr,tnu. 9.
'i I
I
(there/be) a reward?
Mrs Jones: (it/be) Joe's Auto Repair Shop? Yes, it (be). Can I help you? Man: Mrs Jones: Yes, please. This is N{n Jones. I (call) about my car. (itlrcpair) yen Man: Not yet. It (repair) right now. Mrs Jones: I see. Tell me, when can I pick it up?
Man:
Come by at four o'clock I'm sure it (be) ready then.
9. Translate into English.
l. He uryrur.rre! Ona ceftqac qaer (6eper) lnrrepruo. 2. KHLIxHbIe noJIKtt ero KoMHare noKpblrbl rlbrnblo, 3. Ouu6ra 6rua cAenana oqeHb AaBHo,
B
a
ncfipaBneHa roJrbKo ceftqac. 4. Topr Bce eule flerlerct, re6e npuaerct rloAo)r(Aarb. 5. Karro norrpoc.flr noMoqb. 6. [nepn mJIbKo t{To floKpaofiu.7. Osa cKa3arra, r{To ABepu yxe noKpac[nn. 8. KorAa f, BepHynct A0uoft, ABepI{ Bce
2s6
I i
9 3arc 2510
257
book your room early get a hotel key
B Grammar: Complex object. Have something done
Topic: Ilotel Communication: Requests. Desire
Part A
I.
a)
Read textr.
3. Translute
Text 1: Where to Stay in London Here are some places to stay in London.
In a quietresidential ar€a, the Wimbledon Hotel,
a family-run guest house, is good for families, tourists and business people. .The rooms are large and modem and a full English breakfast is included in the price. This is a very popular bed-and-brealdast hotel, and you might have to book early for July and August.
The Morstyn Hotel is near the heart of London, just a few minutes from Oxford Steet and about half an hour's walk from Piccadilly Circus. It has over 100 bedrooms with private bathroom and colour television. If there are a lot of guests you might frnd parking diffrcult during the day, but after 6.30 pm it is easier. The surrounding area is very famous for its shops and restaurants.
The London Inter-Continental Hotel is opposite Hyde Park, in the centre of London. It has everything: luxury rooms with bath; refrigerated bar and colour television; shops; sauna; swinming pool; conference rooms and full restaurant and bar service. But you might find it quite expensive. You might also have to pay a lot ifyou eat in the hotel restaurant. b) Speak about the London hotels.
2. Match Column A wilh Column B und then make sentences,. like this: You might have to walk up ten flights of stairs if the lift breaks down.
A walk up ten flights of stairs take a room without a bath pay more for your room wait in the bar
2s8
there are a lot ofguests all the tables are full you go out in the evenings the lift breaks down you go in the summer you want to stay there in July
inn
:
':: ':
'' "'
English.
.:
l. Sror ropoA cJraBI,ITct cBouMrI IrarlrflTnnxaMl{. 2. B reqeHl,Ie HorII,I f, He3, Mofi Aorr,r HuxoAr.rrcr B TI[xoM xrrJIoM paftone, rAe ecrb xopouuft cynepMapxer. 4. -f-tttnoro flyreluecrBoBar rrpolurtrtM nerou. 5. Bornpanulo, Koropoe HaAo 3atroMHI,trr. 5. 3ror.6anrc B HecKoJIbKtD( Mr.ruyrax xo4r6u or Harrrero Aona. 6. .f, sara3ar HoMep B MocKoBcKoi rocTnHr,rqe HaMatrr MectU. 7. Ha co6panulr 6ruro cBblrue cra qeJIoBeK. 8. Bos: Moxno, Mbr [oeAeM B llcrtaHruo, a Bo3MoxHo, u s I4rarrlo. Mrt ne MoxeM npruryrb perueruax. 9. Boruoxuo, BilM He y^acrct c Hr4M uoroBopr{rb. 10. M-p CMrar 3anqr. Bau, noluoxHo, rrpuAerct floAoxAarb. 11. Bogrr,roxno, oH IIo3BOHr{T MHe CerOAHr. 12. MOXer 6Hrr, Ond 3HaeT ero aApec. cKoJrbKo pa3 rrpocblrranac;.,
4, Rephrase
thefollowing,
as
in the example.
e.g. You must help me. I want you to help me.
I want ... 2. They mustn't leave now. I don't want ... 3. He must visit Aunt Linda. I want ... 4. You muStn't talk to strangers. I ddn't want ... 5. Fiona mustt't go on holiday by herself. I don't want ... 6. They must do their homework now. I want ... 7. You must go to bed now. I want ... 8. They must tell her the truth, I want ... 9. You must change your 1. She must eat her dinner.
clothes. They're wet.
I
want
...
10. They must apologise.
I want ... lt.
Stre
musfl't speak rudely. I don't want ... 12. She must stay in bed for a week. The doctor wants ... 13. She mustr't go to the disco. I don't want ... jt
.r
. . -t
:'.
:l
5. Complete the questions. Use do you want me to ...? o/ would you like me to ...? with these verbs (* any other necessary wordq): .
,
lend, repeat, thow, shut, wait e.g. Do you want to go alone, or do you wantme to come with you?'
259
l. Do you have enough money, or do you want ... ? 2. Shall I leave the window open, or would you ... 3. Do you know how to use the machine, or would ... ? 4. Did you hear what I said, or do ... ? 5. Can I go now, or do ... ? 6.
,
.:
Bob:
Patsy:
Bob:
'
Patsy:
Bob:
,
.f, xoren 6rr, .rto6u Bbr [oAoxAanrr Melur sgecs:2.,{orrop He xorrer, rrro6u r noexal qa tor. 3. A se oxnAaJr, rrro oHn [pneAyr raK paHo. 4. A xouy, qro6rr Bbr B3rJIIr gTy crarbro u nepeBenu ee. 5. fl, oxrrAnJr, tto o" noMo)Ker une. 6. On xover, qro6rr ero cbIH cran BpaqoM. 7. Hurro He oxo,IAan, qro noroAa rlBMeHltrcr rar 6rrcrpo. 8. Tu oxugafla, qro ou re6e Hauuruer? 9. Xoryrre Jrr,r Bbr, qro6sr r sal,r iroMor? 10, fre Bbr xorrrre, qro6rr r Bac [o-
l.
AoxAal? 11. -f xovy, .rro6rr rrr 6una 8. Read and retell the
That's true, but it's on the main road, next to all the discos and caf6s. $sf ffiat 6eans it's in the (covenient) part of town. But I'm sure it's much (noisy) than the other hotels. What about the Seaview, then? I don't know. It looks quite dirty, don't you think? Perhaps it's not as (clean) as the others, but the brochure says it's got 'the (friendly) staffin town'. I like the Grand. It's tlre (luxurious) of the tbree hotels, and it's (close) to the beach. But it's too expensive! We can't afford it; Patsy! Oh, I suppose you're right. Okay, let's stay at the Seaview. I'm sure
Patsy:
l. I expect that she will ilass the exam. 2. He expects that she will follow his
English.
Patsy:
Bob:
e.g. I expect that they will come on Tuesday. I expect them to come on Tuesday.
7. Translate into
Let me see. Hmm ... why don't we stay at the Sunset? It looks the (comfortable) of the three, and it's not as (expensive) as the Grand.
Rephrase the sentences. Do it, ss in the example.
advice. 3. we expect that they will help us. 4. I don,t expect that he will lend me the money. 5. I don't expect that she ryill be late. 6. I expect Bill will arrive before dark; 7. I expect that he will mend the bike.
Bob:
Patsy:
it will be frne. I 0. Remember the following rules and reguhtions. When travelling people almost always stay at hotels. It is advisable, therefore, to remember the following: l' The first thing to do is to book'a room in advance either by fax, letter, telephone or telegram. Otherwise you may arrive at the hotel and be told that
cqacrJrr.rBa.
text
there are no roonrs.
Text 2:7fte Seaside Resort Hotel
shirley and Joe took a vacation last month at the seaside Resort Hotel. They were verypleased with the hotel and had a wonderfrrl time on their vacation. The beach was the cleanest and most beautiful they had ever seen. The ocean water was the clearest and warmest they had ever swum in. Their room wuui the most spacious and most comfortable they had ever stayed in. The food was the most delicious they had ever eaton. The hotel staffwas the friendliest and most helpful they had ever encountered. The golf club was the most challenging they had ever played on. And the nightclub show was the most entertaining they had ever been to.
shirley and Joe really enjoyed themselves at the seaside Resort Hotel. It was the best vacation they had ever taken.
9. Read the conversation and
then act out the conversation
Bob:
fill
in the comparative and superlative forms,
What are you doing, Patsy?
Patsy: I'm looking at the holiday brochure
again. There are three hotels in the town, but I can't decide which one we should stay at.
260
I a
2. On arrival at the hotel go to the reception desk in the lobby and confirrr your reservation. The clerk will then give you a registration form to fill in and sign (the form is filled in capital / block letters). In smaller hotels you simply sign the visitor's book and give your permanent address.
3. At large hotels you may ask for any service by telephone. You tell the operator if you wish to be called at a certain time, you call room service when you want a meal or drinks to be sent to your'room, valet or maid service if you want to have something (a suit or a dress) cleaned or pressed.
4.
kt
the hotel management know well in advance the day and time of your
departure.
Ifave Something Done
* object * past participle to say that we arranged for someone to do something for us. Sue hired a painter to paint the house. Sue had the house painted. (She didn't paint it herself - the painter did it.) . We use have
26t
. Questions and negations aro formed wifrr do/does in
the
lished. 6. Becky's hair is done. every.week. 7. Edward's dinner was cooked by redecorated next his mother yesterday. 8. Jane house is being w tested are eyes My 9. month. Your glasses can decorated at the moment. I l. be mended at the hotel.
present simple and
did infhe past simple. Do you have your hair cut every six months? I didn't have the fence painted last week. Study thefollowing: Present Simple Present Cont.
She makes her clothes. She has her ol6thes,made.
Past Simple Past Cont.
clothes made. She made her clothes. She had her clothes made. She was making'her clothes. Sfre #is having her clothes made. ,
She
She
Future Simple
is making her clothes.
will
She
make her clothes. She
is having
will have her
clothes made. She will be making her clothes. She will be having her clothes made. She has made her clothes. She has had her clothes
Future Cont. Present Perfect
13,
her
I
Having things done a Partner, ask someone at the jacket dry-cleaned, to have a
Uqi"g hotel t blouse away have hotel
at or iepaired, to have a rolltable'reserved for dinner and to by the switchboard operator' The thatitwill be done immediately'
14. Translate into English.
made.
Present Perfect Cont. Past Perfect Cont.
Infinitive
She has been making her clothes. She has been having her clothes made. She had been making her clothes. She had been having her clothes made. She must make her clothes. She must have her
Bcro oAexAy. 12.f te t Mory orpeMoHrupoBarb cBoll ryQnu? 13' Efi Mecflrl MoIOT orua. 14. B'repa HaM rol(pacl{nl{ 4rxlilo.
clothes made. 11. Complete the sentences by
Part B
putting the verb have into the correctform.
... her newspaper delivered every morning by her neighbour's son. 2. T\e Campbells ... their kitchen painted at the moment. 3. I ... my hair cut short last week because I needed a change. 4. He ... his car serviced by the mechanic_next Tuesday. 5. She ... her carpets fitted yesterday when I called. 6. I ... just ... my picture taken by a professional photographer. 7. Mark ... some apple trees painted in a week's time. 8. I ... my TV repaired yesterday; 9. L.. my jeans shortened tomorrow. 10. I always ... my rubbish collected on
Conversation Practice
1. Emily
(Jse them as models 1. Sndy and practise the fotlowing conversations. your own conversations.
l.
following serttences zsl'zg have something done.
will be delivered tomorfow. 2. Tim's car was serviced last week. 3. Mrs Scott's cat was examined by the vet yesterday. 4. Paul's house will be painted next weekend. 5. Mr Brown's book has just been pubSarah's new dress
262
- I wonder whether you have any vacancies for tonight? - Yes, I can offer you room 24 on tho first floor' - Howmuch is it? - 38.60 anight excluding service. .- Can
e.g. Her house was cleaned by a cleaner. She had her house cleaned by a cleaner. ':
l.
for
Booking a Hotel Room
Fridays. 12. Rephrase the
raxlufi
I
see
it please?
- Certainly. Would you take a seat for a moment?
2.
-Have you a single room for two nights? - Yes, but onlY on the toP floor. - What price is it?
263
a - 40. 60 with service and TV. - Fair enough. Can you show me the room please? - Of course. Would you like to follow me?
3.
give me the bill? have some coffee, please?
In the bedroom
- Can I book a double room from now until Friday? - You can have room 33 overlooking the sea. - What's the price?
have brealdast in my room, please? clean my shirts, please? wake me up at 7.00 tomorrow monring?
- 80 pounds, service included. - Can I have a look at it please?
At the reception desk change some traveller's cheques? recommend a good restaurant?
- Yeg of course. Come this way.
4.
- Good afternoon. I'd like a room for a few nights. - Single or double? - gingle, please. - We've got a nice 5ingle room with bath on the second floor. - Is that an inside or an outside room? - It's an outside room facing the park. It's light and comfortable and only 50 pounds a night. -
B. ll/ork in pairs. Practise some conversotions in a hotel, using the ideas above. One of you ls the guesl the other the woiter or receptionisl 2. Study and practise the conversation
At the Europa Hotel Reception: Hello. Hotel Europa. Can I help you?
All right I'll take it.
5, A: Good evening.
Woman:
Can I help you?
Woman:
B: Yes, please. Could I have a room for the night?
g; gingle, please.
A: Would you like a room with a shower or a bath? B: A shower. How much is the room? A: f72 for the room and breatdast.
Woman:
please.
For two nights.
Do you have twin roorfls?
Reception: Yes, we do. Woman: I'd like to book a twin room, then. Does it have a private bath-
Would you like an evening meal? B: No, thanl$. Just breakfast. Can I pay by credit card? A: Yes, of course. we take visa and Access. could you sign the register,
room?
Reception: All our rooms
have private bathrooms, madam. Oh, OK. How much is that, please? Reception: That's 240 euros, 120 a night.
Woman:
please?
B: Yes, sure. Do you want my ad{ress, too? A No. Just a signature. Do you have any luggage? B: Just this one bag. A: Here's your key. Your room number is 3ll. I hope you enjoy your
Woman:
Is breakfast included?
Reception: No, it isn't. Brealdast is ten
Woman:
euros.
OK. Oh, just one thing. Can I book
a beauty
teatnent before we
come.
stay.
Reception: Yes, madam.
B: Thanks.
I
can transfer you to the beauty salon, but can
I
take your name and credit card details, first, please?
A. Look at the requests of a hotel guest Complete.them, using Could
I ... ?
A. Looh at the hotel informafion and answer the questions
? I
In the restaurant have the menu, please?
264
I'd like to book a room,
Reception: Which dates, please? Woman: For the l5th and l6th of May, please. Reception: OK, that's fine. Would you like a single or a double room?
A: Certainly. A single room or a double?
ar Could you ...
Yes,
Reception: OK. For how many nights?
I
1. How much is a room for one person? For two people? 2. What do we call a room for two pgople, but with only one bed? 3. Is brealdast included in the room price?
26s
I Ecrr xarle u 6y$errr Ha 3raKax rocruHnrsr. - Mory r no3aBTpaKarb y ce6nn Houepe? - Hnxarux cloxnocrefi. BH Moxsre 3aK:Barb 3aBrpaK no reneQotry.
4. Can you have a beauty t€atrnent before breakfast? (WhyMhy not?) 5. How much does it cost to go swimming? 6. Where do you find out the prices of tennis and golf?
Jlerv y Hac or I L00 .qo 1.30, vafr ororo 5, r.r o6eA s 6 wru 7 qacos. - f.ue r Mory Kynnrb MapKr.t H xoHnepru? - faserHHfi xr.rocK rrprMo nepeA BaMn. :. - flpexpa*ro. - H3nuwne, erqe o.qrH Bonpoc. Karue 6uronrre ular6rl esrr s rocneil,ue? - Ecrr Myxqr,rH r,r Alrfl xeHrr{l,r-u, o6ueu BilJrrorbl, xr.rMrr npaqeqHaf. Bce oHu na riepnou araxe.
Hotel Europa RECEPTION PRICES
Single room €85 Double/hrin room €120 Suite €160 Breakfast €10 (6.00-10.00)
- Cnacu6o.
B. - y
rr,leHx 6pour Ha HoMep B BaueM orere. I 'i : 3apancrnyrre. Kar aaue ntvrr? -- Jlo6os. A uz Poccuw. MHe nyxeH oAHoMecrHbtil uouep
FACILITIES OPENING HOURS Restaura nt 12 -OO-23.30 Swimming pool 8.00-22.00 (fiee to guests) Gym/sauna 8.00-22.00 (fiee to guests) Shops 8.00-20.00 Beauty salon 10.00-18.00 (price list at reception) Tennis/golf 10.00-18.00 (price list at reception)
'
B. Imagine you sre at the hotel 'Europa'. You want to book a quiet room with all convenience* Besides you sre interested in the facilities at the ho-
tel
The receptionist seems to be very
xounaru
helpful
A. - [o6poe yrpo.
3. Study and practise the following conversations.
MeHr soayr IIIeplu llapn. Hagerccr, y Bac ecrb HoMep.Urf, Merfi. - He uomn 6rt nrr cKa3arb cBoe r,rMf, no 6yxrarra? - NSPJI - IIIEPJII{ TISPJI.
Muuyroury, Mucc flepl. ,{a, ace flpaBr,rnbno, Mrr uoxev npeAroxr,rrb
Making a Complaint
L Reception: Woman:
BaM oAHoMecrHrtfi
Reception:
nouep
Woman:
c ceroAurmr{ero AHr na 12 Aseit.
- Ecrr ln raru.ryur? - B uouepe orAeJIbHarI BaHHat KoMHara, TeneBr{3op r{ xonoAr,rJIEHHK, - Cxolxo sro cror,tfl - 70 4oulapoB B cyrKr.r. - flnara npr{eMrreMat . 3anonnnre eror 6laxry, noxanyficra. floAnuuure s4ecr, noxarryfi cra. - Bor saru Kr[o.{. - Kcrana, B KoropoM vacy sarrpar? - B mo6oe BpeMr MexAy 7 u l0 nHu:y B pecropaHe. -
105.
- Cnacu6o. Ha raxou sraxe uofi uouep? - Ha rperreu. Croga, noxarryficra.
C. Translate into English.
'-
B Ba[reM orene.
- MnHyrry, Mncrep Jlo6oa. ,(a, aalr sa6pounporaH HoMep 105. 3auonnure ory Qopuy, noxarryilcra - Xoporuo. Crolrxo crouT HoMep n cyrxn? - $ 100. Ha xaroe BpeMr Bbr y Hac ocraHos[Tecr? -.f 4yrvraro ocraHoBr,rTbcr Ha HeAenro. onlara Bnepe.4 vnv flpu omerAe? - BnepeA. ,fl npnroronaK) crrer r.r np[runrc ero BarM B HoMep. Bor rjuoq or
Reception:
Woman: Reception:
Reception:
Reception. Can I help you? Yes, I asked for tea with my brealdast. Yes? And you've given me coffee. I'm sorry, sir. I'll call thekitchen and get you some tea.
Man:
OK. Thankyou.
Reception:
Man:
t ] a
Can I help you, madam? Yep, I asked for a twin roorn. Yes, madani. Well, you've given me a double room. Oh, I am sorry, madam. Can we have a twin room, please? I'lljust have a look . . . yes, we have one on the second floor.
Reception:
Man:
t'
266
i ,t ,,
267
l.
Answer the questions.
stayrng atlin hotels? 2. What are guests required to do fust thing when they arrive at a hotel? 3. What information is required from you when you are chpcking in at a hotel? 4. What services does a guest get at a modem hotel? 5. What is meant by the term 'bed and breakfast'? 6. What is the usual rate for a single (double) room in this country? 7. What are the duties of the reception clerk (charnbermaid, porter)? 8. What is the best hotel in
Grammar: Articles
A. L Do you like
pronouns Topic: Meals Communication: Offers. Preference. Requests
t
Part A
your city? Why do you think so?
1, a)
When did you stay in a hotel last? Where? What is the hotel like? Is it diffrcult to get accommodation in that hotel? Did you reserye a room in advance? Do yori remember how much it cost? Describe how you registered at the hotel. Did you like your room? What was it like? Did you have your meals at the hotel? How did you find the cooking? Were the prices reasonable? What was the service like? Was there a dry-cleaner's at the hotel?
B. l.
2. Have you ever
bee,n abroad?
milk and sugar, or toast with marrnalade, jam, or honey' Marmalade and jam are not the same! Marmalade is made from oranges and tea, which jam is made from other fruit. The tant coffee' Some milk. cold people have with coffee this just water. hot wnicn is made with disgusting! For many people lunch is a qUick meal. In cities there are a lot of sandwich se the kind of bread they want - brown' bars, salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwhite food, both hot and cold' Schoolchildren wich. many just take a snack from home - a but school, at meal a hot have can
3. What's the best hotel you have ever stayed in? Why do you think so?
itt
3. Roleplay the situations suggested. a
room at the
.
.
. hotel. You are now in the lobby
. The re-
to
fill in.
sandwich, a drink, some fruit, and perhaps some crisps'
2. You're now in Washington on business. Your colleague recommended you to stay at the Ramada Hotel. According fs him, the prices in the hotel are rearott"bl" and the service is good.'The receptionist at the hotel says there are
things. It is a drink and a meal! Some people have aftemoon tea, with sandwiches, cakes, and, of course, a cup of fea' Cream teas are popuiar. You have scones (a kind of cake) with cream and jam'
'Tea' means
some vacancies. Have a talk with the receptionist and find out everything about the room you would like to engage and the services at the hotel'
together.
On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch. They have roast meat, gralry' either beef, lamb, chicken, or pork, with potatoes, vegetables, and
tl
given you a single room. Make a complaint.
5. There are a lot of hotels in your city. Your English colleague which one you can recommend him. You give him some advice.
as-ks
6a7s
The evening meal is the main meal of the day for many people. They usudlly have it quite early, between 6.00 and 8.00, and often the whole family eats
3. Your colleague is back from ... . You ask him where he put up fterc' He sa)6 he sta)€d in a hotel. You ask him wlretlrer it was'difficult to get a room lh€re, wlrether he made a reseryation in advance, what sort of room he had, eb' 4. You are the guest. You booked a double room in the hotel but they have
'
A fiaditional English breakfast is a very big meal - sausages, bacon, eggs, tornatoes, mushrooms ... . But nowadays many people just have cereal with
the hotel and the service there?
l. A week ago you reserved
'
Readkrtl. Text 1: MEALS IN BRTTAIN
Did you put up at a hotel? How did you find
2. Describe one of the hotels you snyed
with names of meals and food. Review of the indefinite
Gravy is a sauce made from the meat juices'
you 't
268 I I
l
269
The British like food from other countries, too, especially ltalian, French, Chinese, and Indian. People often get take-away meals - you buy the food at the restaurant and then bring it home to eat. Eating in Britain is quite interna-
3.
... gin, lemon and soda. 2. Be careful not to break it' your shirt made ..' ? 4. We make butter and glass. What's 3. It's made ... is made ... wood. 6. I made this bed cover ... cheese ... milk. 5. The table bits and pieces of material. 1. This cocktail is made
tional!
b) Say whether these statements are true or false. Correct the fclse statements.
4.
l. Many British
people have a
lig
brealdast.
c) Ask snd ansb'er questions about the English meals.
d) Speak about the English meals. 2.
Fill
in the gaps with articles if necessary.
l. ... coffee and .. . tea are not ... good drinks for ... children. 2. Where' s ... ooffee I bought? 3. I'm ... vegetarian. I don't eat ... meat or ... fish. 4. I'll put ... shopping away. Shall I put ... meat into ... freez.er? 5. Could you pass ... milk please? 6. ... milk is good for you. 7. Let's'go to ... restaurant this evening. - That's ... good idea. 8. I like ... jam on ... piece of ... bread. 9. .. , butcher opposite ... library always sells ... good meat. 10. I want ... tin of ... peaches, ... sugar, ... pound of ... raspberryjam. 11.I always drink... boiled water. 12. I don't like ... chocolate ice cream. 13. I'm afraid ... soup is cold. 14. We'd like ... hot tea. 15. What about having ... snack? 16. Would you like to have ... dinner with me? 17. I never eat ... big dinner. 18. I liked ... dinner she served. 19. It's time for ,.. dinner. 20. I'd like to take you out to ... dinner tonight. 21. We had ... three-course dinner. 22.We shall have ... early brealdast tomorrow. 23.Do you want... bacon'and ... eggs for ... brealdast? 24. At ... end of ... meal we paid ... bill- 25. ...pizza is ... very popular dish which cane from ... ltaly.26. It i$ ... brown bread, but I usually havo ... white bread. 27.I don't like such ... sweet tea.28.It is such ... tasty cake! 270
FilI in prepositions or adverbs if
necessary.
usually consists ... three courses. 2. I don't like chips because they'rg full ... oil. 3. He pre{ery tea ... coffee. 4. The English are very particular ... what they eat. 5. Help yourself .,. the cake. I think it's very tasty. 6,May I trouble you...a slice ... brownbread? 7. Dicktreatedus '.. sweets. 8. May I offer ... you another cup ... tea? 9. Have you washed ... yet? 10. Weak tea is not ... my taste. ll. They often dine ..' - 12. What will you have ... the main course? - I'm fond ... roast chicken. - As ,.. rne I prefer fish ... chicken. 13. Take another helping ..' salad' 14' Will you please pass ... me the sugar? 15. She's going to make some fish soup ". dinner. 16. He likes to read a newspaper ... breakfast. 17. Marmalade is made ... orange peel. 18. Are you .. , a diet? 19. No sugar ... me, thank you' 20. '.. midday people have their meals ... home or... the canteen' 21. Custard is made ... eggs and
l. My dinner
{ 7. Pubs are good places to go fo1 lunch. 8. British people eat dinner late in the evening. 9. Sunday lunch is a special meal. 10. When you get a take-away meal, you eat it at home.
FiIl in the gaps with a suitable preposition.
I I
1
t t
milk: 22.The fish is just ... my liking. 23.
I
don't take milk
".
my
tea.
please hand,... me the salt-cellar? 25. What do you usually order
24.Willyou ... dessert? 26. You may ask ... a second'helping. 27.What do your family talk ... dinner about? 27.Will you put ' '. the dishes please? 5.
Fill in the gaps with either food or meal.
Brealdast is the fust ... of the day'2. Rice is the main ..' in many Asian countries. 3. Are you in the habit of having a rest after ... meal? 4. The English call a midday ... lunch while the Russians call it dinner. 5. Why don't you eat? Your ... is getting cold. 6. I hate.to cook my own ... . 7. You ought io take the pills before ... three times a day. 8. The ... in the restaurant is always fresh and tasty. 9. The English are fond of good plain .. ' .
l.
6. Complete each sentence. Use a wotdfrom the
list
brealcfast, take-away (n), dinner,food, lunch, menu, picnic, snack, course,
dish, meal get hungry and feel like a .'., I eat an apple.2' The waiter gave us the ... and we chose our meals. 3. A good ... is fhe best way of starting the day. 4. Peter has to take medicine an how before every ... . 5' I'm meeting
l.
When
I
271
Carol for ... at 1.30, so I'll be back late this afternoon. 6. ... is served every evening in the hotel dining-room. 7. Michael really loves Greek ... . 8. We took some fruit and sandwiches and had a ... on the beach. 9. Helen didn't have time to cook so she phoned for a ... . 10. After the starter we ordered ourmain... . ll.I canrecommendthe chefs... of theday.
3. Do you eat red meat more than nuice a week? 4. Do you usually eat a large meal before yougo to bed? 5. Do you eat salted snacks (crisps, nuts, etc) at least once a daf 6. Do you have frpsh vegetables with your meals less than three times a week? 7.'Do you drink fizzybeveftrges more than once a da/ 8. Would you rather eat orrt instead of at home? 9. Do you always add salt to your food at the table? 10. Do you prefer butter to olive oil?
7. Translate into English.
l.
Bpuranqrr ilo6.Er $yr6on. 2..f,nonqu qacro eArr pu6y. 3. Ha uofi Aenr
poxAeHr,rr MaMa roroBar oco6ufi yxvn.4. { scerAa nonb3yrocb ryluHapnofi rHnroft, KorAa roroBJrp o6en'5. Vxun s ungr.rficrou pecropaHe 6rur oqenr ocrpblM. 6. He sa6yar rloMbrrr pyKr.r nepeA o6eAou. 7. Bperr,n JreHqa. tl'ro rsr o6bl'rHo elub 3a neHceM? 8. Ha Pox.qecrBo Mbl o6bt.tHo roroBI,IM or{eHb BKycrrfi pou. 9. Yzanr cocrorr ll: pu6u lr )KapeHoro xaproQenr. 10. O6ea roros! - A qro y Hac sa o6eA? - Heqro oco6eHHoe! 11. iDpanryrbr, KaK npaBrJIo, eAtr nropeupo,qirrrr na o6eA vlrvHayxun. 12. Korfe cnuurou roprvnfi
fl
rlo6nro nrrrb coK B xapKyro uoroAy. l4.Puc ocHoBH:ur eAa rurafiqds, t[oHrIeB, BberHaMueB. 15. Crapn ror plrc, roropuft r ocraBula Ha croJre. 16. Ynorpe6nrfire urco ABa-Tprr pa3a B HegeJrro. 17. Cor cJrr{tuKoM cnaAKufi. On une He HpaBr.rrcr. 18. Mu He MoxeM roroBr,lrb 6eg collr. 19. Os rno6ur lgeurrft .rafi c caxapoM r{ JrrrMoHoM. 20. Pe6euoK cben cyrr oueuu 6ucTpo. On scerAa ecr cyn na o6er. 2l.llepelait MHe caxap, roxarryficra. 22. Ha o6e4 t eM Mrco wm pu6y c raprorfeleu urtr pncou. 23. fl u xpemufr. 13.
ronoAeH. Yrpou 8.
r
roJrbKo cben rrapy 6yrep6po4on r{ Bbr[r.rJr rraruKy rr:rr.
Answer the questions
l. How many
meals a day do you usually have'! 2. What do you like to eat for breakfast? 3. Which do you prefer: tea or coffee? 4. Are you fond of cocoa? 5. Is your brealdast light or substantial? 6. What does your usual dinner consist ofl 7. Which soup do you like better: cabbage soup or beelroot soup? fish or. milk soup? meat soup or chicken broth? mushroom soup or vegetable soup? 8. What do you prefer for the main course? 9. Do you often have fish for dinner? 10. Do you like roast meat? ll. Do you like your food spicy? 12. Whatdo you have for dessert? 13. What juice/fruit do you prefer? 14. Are you fond of sweet dishes? 15. When do you have supper? 16. What do you usually have for supper? 17. Is yow supper a substantial meal? 18. What did you have for brealdast/dinner todaf Did you enjoy your meals?
9. Answer the following yes/no questians concerning eating habits. Then, check your score to Jind out what kind of dia yoa have.
1
Score 8
-
10
5-7 3-4
| -2
+ very unhealthy diet - be careful! Yes --+ fairly healthy diet Yes + quite healthy diet Yes + veryhealthy diet Yes
10. Say what someone should do to change their unhealthy eating habits. e.g. You should eat fiuit instead of crisps when you want a snack. 11. Speak
aboutyour eating habits.
12. a) Read about Laara's restauranl
Text 2: Laura' s Restaurant
Laura's is the new family restaurant on Bridge Street and it's open for lunch and dinner every day.
The food is very well cogked. There are a lot of tasty dishes to choose from, such as pepper steak, roast chicken, frsh with rice, tomato soup, and lots of different salads. Don't miss the chance to try Laura's home=made bread - it's delicious! For dessert, have a slice of the chefs superb apple pie, or a bowl of Laura's special ice cream.
A meal for two costrs about f25. T\e service is excellent, with helpful and friendly waiters. The restaurant is openfrom eleven in the morning till eleven in the evening Laura's is a great restaurant for
ar-ry
occasion, but
it is very busy,
so don't
forget to book a table frst.
(Tel.: 6640306) Enjoy your meal!
l. Do you eat at z fast-food restaurant more than once a week? 2. Do you often eat fresh fruit? 272
273
1. Study and practise the conversations below. Use the prompts to act out similar c o nv ers atio n s.
b) Speak about Lsura's restaurant
Answer the questions.
13.
l. Do you sometimes have your meals in a restaurant? 2. What do you think is the best restaurant in your city? What do you like about it? 3. Where is it located? 4. Is there a good choice of dishes in that restaurant? 5. Are there any special dishes that you like? 6. What is the cost of the dishes? Are the prices reasonable? 7. Are the waiters friendly and helpful? 8. What are the opening hours in the restaurant? 9. When did you last go to that restatirant? 10. What dishes did you order? I l. Did you like the service and the cooking? 12. Do you remember how much you p'aid for your meal? 13. Did you have a good time at the restaurant? 14. Did you dance? 15. What was the music like? 16.
Do you have to book a table in advance ifyou go to your favourite restauranP
Treating Guesfs
l.
B: Would you like some orauge juice? A: No, thanks. I don't like orange juice. B: How about some Coke?
y,gs, please! I'd love qomo:Coke! (coffee/tea; beer/mineral water)
A: Oh,
2. A:l'mhungry.
work Your classmate mentions that he/she weft to a restautant nighL Ask him/her questions about the restsurant he/she went to, the cooking, the service, the cqst of the food at the restaurant, etc. 1 5, Speak about your last visit to s restauranl Iast
A: Oh, yes, please! I'd love
'
Gonversation Practice
i,
L
'i'
a cheese sandwich.
of meat pie?
B: No, thanks, really. I'm on a diet. A: Please, do. You've hardly eaten anything. B: It's delicious, but I don't think I ought to. (chicken, pudding, cake)
Offers. Preference
4.
Offering something Do you want
A: Will you please give me a little more salad? B: Just a moment. Here you are. What about bacon and eggs?
Will you have
a hamburger/some tea?
Would you like
B: Yes,
I'll
some?
have some, please. And then a cup of strong tea.
(cheese, fish)
Accepting or refusing Yes, I'd like one/some, please. Yes, please. A.Io, thanks.
5. A: Is there any coffee,
please.
/I'd prefer (to have)
Would you like some grapes?
(chocolate, cake)
tea, please.
NB! When we ask for things and offer things, we use some, not any, in question.
please?
B: Yes, there is. A: May I have some, please? B: Help yourself.
Preference -Would you like tea or coffee?
Can I have some milk,
-
(spaghettilsoup; chips/hamburger)
3. A: Another piece
Part B
I'd rather have coffee,
Is there anything{o eat?
B: Would you like a ham sandwich? A: No, thanks. I don't like ham,' B: How about a cheeSe sandvi'ich?
14. Group
-
A: I'm Qforty. Is there anything to drink?
the
6. A: Would you like some bacon?
,
B: Yes, please. And can I have some crisps, too? A: Of course. Do you want a peach? B: No, thanks. I'd rather have an apple. (ham, salad, an orange, a pear)
274
275
! 7. A: Would you like ssmsrhing
to eat?
B: Yes, please. I'm starving. A: Well, we've got sandwiches. Would you prefer tuna or cheese? B: I'd like a cheese sandwich, please.
J $
I
(some meat, pork, beef)
A. Put in some or any.
Bob: Ann:
Yes, hurryuP, then. (At the canteen) I wonder if there is anything to your taste on the menu' perOh, yes, all kinds of things' kt's have some soup' clear soup' haPs?
Bob: I don't think I'll have any soup today. I'd like some salad to begin with'
l. We didn't buy . . . flowers. 2. This evening I'm going out with . . . friends of mine. 3. Can I have ... milk in my coffee, please? 4. I was too tired to do ... work. 5. If there are ... words you don't understand, use a dictionary. 6. With the special tourist train ticket, ybu can tiavel on ... train you like: 7. I didn't have ... money, so I had to borrow :.. . 8. You can cash these traveller's cheques at ... bank.9. 'Have you seen..; good filrns recently?' 'No, I haven't been to the cinema for ages.' 10. Can you give me.... information about places of interest in the town? I l. 'Is there ... milk in the fridge?' ,'No, I'm afraid there isn't ... milk. Would you like ... Coke instead?' 'Yes, please. I'd love ... . Can I have ... ice too?''Yes, of course.'
B. Complete the sentences with
some -
or any - + - body/ - thing/ -where.
was too surprised to say ... . 2. There's ... at the door. Can you go a4d who it is? 3. Does .,. mind if I open the windo#? 4. I wasn't hungry, so I didn't eat ... . 5. You must be hungry. Would you like ... to eat? 6. Quick, let's go! There's ... coming and I don't want ... to see us. 7. This machine is very easy to use. ... can leam to use it very quickly. 8. Does ... else want to come?= 9. 'Do you live ... near Joe?' 'No, he lives in another part of town.' 10. 'Where shall we go onholiday?' 'Let's go ... warm and sunny.' ll. They stay at home all the time. They never seem to go ... . 12. I'm going out now. If ... phones while I'm out, can you tell them I'll be back at 11.30? 13. Why :rre you looking under the bed? Have you lost ... ? 14. The police have asked that ... who saw the accident should contact them. 15. 'Can I ask you ... ?' 'Sure. What do you want to ask?' 16. Sue is very secretive. She never tells '.' . (2 words) 17. You can tell him ... you like. 1.
Ann:
'{ il n
il 't
Annl Bob: e*r Bob: Ann: .Bob: Ann: Bob: Ann: Bob:
I
see
f.' You are at your friend's house. offers you some food and beverages.
Roleplay
It's lunchtime and the hostess
2. Read, Iearn and aet out the conversations.
Will you have mixed salad, chops and mastred-pota-toes?
Why, yes of course. What do you say to a bottle of beer? No tee., thanks. I prefer a glass of soda-water or just a cup of tea' All right. Tea then. Will you pass me the mustard, please? Here you dre. As forme, I never take mustard orpepper'
You don't saY so! Look! The waitress is alreadybringing our tea' We want neither ham nor sausage, do we? No, ham as well as sausage is out of the question. I'd like some fruit; apples or oranges. \ies, but I'm alaid you forget about themeeting of our English club. we rirust leave at once to be in tim6 for the beginning of the discussiou.
Ann:
Right you are. Let's pay for the dinner and be off'
A. Express solidarity with the follofling statements' e.g. - I go to the UniversitYbYbus'
-SodoI. - I can't Sanslate this sentence. - Neither can I.
l.MysisterspeaksEnglish.2.Mymotherisadoctor.3.Ipreferapplesto I don't take-mustard. 5. He lives in Minsk. 6. He doesn't live with ti, p**o. 7. I don't lnow this old man' 8' I can't come at four' 9' He
bananas. 4.
at the.cinema on doesn,t work much. 9. I didn't watch T V last night. 10. I was this summer' seaside the to 1?'I'!.go my exam' Sunday. 11. I have passed swim. 16. I can 15. eight. at brealdast hal we t+. yesterday. 13. I saw Helen I haven't done myhomeworkyet. 17' Peter is leaving tomorrow'
B.
Respond to the
276
I think it's high time to have a bite. I am hungry. you are ready to go down to the.canteen. I arn just finishing this article. Will you wait a minute, please? So am I.
I
see
Exptess your denial of the both'
e.g. I like both aPPles and Pears' I like neither aPPles nor Pears'
At the Canteen
Ann: Bob:
following statements'
l.Theyhavebothasonandadaughter.2.:shecandobothsinganddance. 5. I I usi both pepper and mustard. 4. He speaks both Erglish and French. 7' I and brother' cousin my both lnows She 6. hockey. and foofUoti
3.
tit"
Uottt
277
am going to buyboth cabbage and potatoes, 8.
I am going to have both coffee My cousin likes both autumn and winter. 10. We need both cucumbers and tomatoes. 11. Both my mother and my father like tennis. and cake. 9.
order fast food by telephone? 8. Do you think the prices at fast food restaurants are reasonable?
12. Both Jane and Mary are going to come. tr3. Both Chris and Pat were late. 14. Both Jack and Bob play chess.
C Complae thefollowing sentences. l. I should like ... .2. Will you give me ...
I
rhink it's higb time ... . 4.Well, I see you are ready... . 5. Would you like .-. ? 6. I wonder ... . 7. Let us ... . 8. As for me, ... . 9. What do you say,to ... ? 10. Will yotr pass, me ... ? I 1. I don't think he ... . tZ. I am afraid ... . ? 3.
Roleptay 2.' You and your friend have been sightseeing since moming. yrcu are both hoogry. Your friend suggests buying some sandwiches but you prefer to have a substantial meal. You go to a restaluant, find a comfortable table by the window, take a menu card and choose the dishes to your taste.
ln a Fast Food Restaurant
A: Hello, what can I get you today? B: I want a tuna, cheese and tomato pwza,please.
A: Small or large? B: Howmuch is the large pizza?
A: It's C7.75. B: OK, large, please. A: Right. A large tuna, cheese and tomato pizza. Any side orders? B: Do you have fries? A: No, we don't. Do you want a salad? B: OK. A small tomato salad. A: Anything to drink? B: Yes, I'd like a large cup of coffee, please. A: OK. B: Howmuch is that?
Ordering Food in a Restaurant
Waitress: Mr Smith: Waitress: Mrs Smith: Waitress:
Good evening, sir. Table for two? Yes, please. This way, please.
Thankyou. Would you like to lookaJihe menu?
Waitress: May I take your order, please? Mr Smith: Yes. Tostart with I'd like the tomato soup. Mrs Smith: Tomato soup for me, too, please. Waitress: Certainly. And for the main course? Mr Smith: I'd like the grilled fish. Mrs Smith: And the roast chicken for me, please. Waitress: I'm sor4r, madam. There's no more chicken tonight. Mrs Smith: Oh. Can I have a pepper steak, then? Waitress: Of course. Would you like something to drink? Mrs Smith: Just a little water, please. Waitress: Very well. Would you like to order your dessert, now? Mr Smith: Yes. I'll have the apple pie. Mrs Smith: Have you got &ny strawberries? Waitress: I'm sorry, we haven't. Would you like something else instead? Mrs Smith: Just some ice cream, plf:". Mrs
Mr
Smith:
Smith:
Mrs
Smith:
How is your fish? Delicious. How about the steak? A bit tough, but the sauce.is nice.
Ansy,er the questions.
Waitress: Mrs Smith: Mr Smith: Waitress:
l. What food
A. Fill iz.'some, any, much, many, few, little.
A: That's €10.95. B: Can I pay by credit card?
can you get at a fast food restaurant? 2; Which do you prefer: a cheeseburger or a fishburger? 3. Do you like to eat at fast food restaurimts? 4. How often do you eat there? 5. Do you think the food in frst food restau: rants is health/ 6. Do you know how to make a pizza? 7. Do you sometimes
278
'
Is everything all right? Yes, thankyou. Can we have the bill, please? Of course, sir. One moment ...
A: Have you got enough to eat, David? B: Yes, thanls. Or - can I have a ... moro fried onions, please?
279
A: Of course. Here you are. C: Is there ... ketchup? A: Isn't the food tasty enough aheady? C: It's really delicious - but I would like a ... ketchup for my chips. A: Okay. I think there's ... in the cupboard.
- .f, .ryruaro o6eA nr rpex 6no4. Aanairre HaqHeM c carrara, saleu rypunufi cyn, Mrco c oBo[laM[. - 9ro an 6yzere marr? r{afi, xoQe, nogy, cor, rnuo? - A 6st Bbrnr{Jr aneJrbcr,rHoBbrft cor u qaruKy .rar 6e3 ctxapa. - Brr na Anere?
C: Can you pass the
-
salt,
food.
A: Here you are. Too ._. C: I know. So ... things I B: Would you like ... of my chips? I can't eat ... more. I'm firll. C: Okay. I'll take ... offyour p_late.
I
B. Look at the menu. l{hich of thq;efoods,are:
Green salad
Main Courses: Steak and chips
Beef curry Spaghetti Carbonara Roast beefand potatoes Fish and chips Steak and kidney pie Desserts: Ice cream Fresh fruit salad Chocolate cake
lazaine
cAenaeM Haru 3aKa3.
O$uuuadr! - 44, csp. - Mu 6u xoreJru cAenarb Harrl 3aKa3. - Xoporuo. tlro ssr xorure saxa3arr? - Harra rryareH o6eA ug rpex 6;uo4 xa AsorD(: caflar, xypi&srfi cyn, Mrco c
spicy, sweet, salty, healthy, fattening, creamy, juicy?
Starters: Chicken soup
[a.
- Xoporuo.
oBouIaMI{.
- Xorure vro-Hu6yAr srtnuTr? - Apa craxaHa arreJrbcr{HoBoro coKa, qa[eqr(y qepHoro ro$e n craxaH rrat 6ee caxapa.
- He xorur6 nusuHa? - Her suna HaM He uaAo. Cnacn6o. - Kax saM noHparurcx o6e4? - Mue nonpaanncs Kypr,rnbrft cyn, no Mf,co 6blno HeAoxapeHo. -
.f corepureuHo
c BaMr{ corJraceH.
Xopouro. {anafirc rro3oBeM oQnrrHarna ll paccrl[TaeMct. D. In pairs, order a meal, using the menu below.
ME,NU Starters - Chefs salad
92.50
C. Translate into English
- Ham and cheese crq)es - French onion soup
f2.00
- B rocrr.rnraqe ecrr pecropan?
Main Course
- Aa, pecropaH BHr{3y, 6ap Ha [epBoM orarre H MaJreHbKoe raQe na ynruIe. - Brr ne nporonoAanncr? ,{anafi're uofiAeu B pecropaH. - ,{a, nopa nepexycrrrb. (B pecmopane) - Hac Asoe. Harra 6n xoreJrocb cecrb y otrHa.
- Xoporuo. - Melilo, uoxanryficra. -
9ro uu sorrveM?
280
- Fish and chips - Vegetable curry - Spaghefti Bolognese - Steak with roast potatoes
Dessert - Strawberries and cream - Apple pie and custard
82.45
f3.60 f3.00 f3.00 84.50
82.50
f2.00 281
A watched pot never boils. Half a loaf is better than no bread. Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.
Cold Beverages
Beer -Wine - Soda water - Mineral water -
fZ.0O €1.50 €0.50
Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper. flrrnger is the best sauce. Every cook praises his own broth. The pot calls the kqttle black. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. Don't put all your eggs in one basket. Too many cooks spoil the broth. i Ouf the
91.00
FinalDiscussion 1.
Answer the questions
of.the Ashungry
fire.'" 'r
Tastes differ.
last visited you? 17. Do you always eat at home or do you sometimes eat out? 18. Is there a canteen at your office? 19. Do you often have your meals there?
20. How do you find the cooking at the canteen? 21. what do you tisually eatldrink - at schoouwork? - on a picnic? - on a special occasion? : at a fast food restaurant? - at an expensive restaurant? 22.what do you know about
people's eating habits in other countries? 23.Have you ever tasted ethnic food (e.g. Chinese, rrdlan, efc.p Did you enjoy ip
2. Yourlricnd is overweight Give him'some advice. 3. Ask your partner about
hidlier eating habits.
4. Describe a meal you had on e special occasion (a birthday party o, other sort of celebratio n).
,o^)
5. Order a substantiul dinnerfor three people in a restsursnt
6. Explain the meanings of the following proveibs and-sayings. Learn them.
Man cannot live by bread alone. Eat to live, but not live to eat. You cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs.
282
283
2. Transform the sentences. Do it, as in the example. e.g. I think I lnow it. I thought I knew it. 1. They say the hotel is a mile from the shore. 2.
Grammar: Sequence of tenses
lllustrative Situations Study these example situations. a) a simultaneous action
l.
Yesterday evening when
I ietumed from work my friend phoned me. He
said he had a spare ticket for a concert and invited me to join him. But I answered that I was too tired and didn't want to go anywhere. 2. Yesterday on my way home I met Mary. She was in a hurry. I thought she was hurrying to the Institute but she said she was going to the station to meet a friend of hers who was coming by the 9 o'clock train.
b) a prior action 3. Last month I saw Alec. He loqked very sunbumt. He said he had spent a month in the South. 4. When I entered Jane's room yestdrday, I saw that her eyes were red. I un derstood that she had been crying. c) a posterior action 5. Last Sunday the weather was fine. I knew that my uncle would go to the country. I rang him up and said that I would also come with him. He said he would start in an hour and asked me not to be late. I piomised that I would be at his place in half an hour. We enjoyed the time we spent in the country that day.
Practice 1. Read the text and analyse the use of tenses. Translate and retell the
turt
The secretary told me that Mr Harmsworth would see me. I felt very nervous when I went into his office. He did not look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people'had aheady left. I knew that my turn had come. 'Mr Harmsworth,' I said in a weak voice. 'Don't intemrpt,' he said. Then he smiled and told me that I would reoeive an extra f,2000 a year!
284
I think the exercise is easy.
3. They write they are going to the south coast of Spain for their holiday. 4. He says he doesn't even know such problems exist. 5. The newspapers write that he is, without any dotibt, the bbst actor of the year. 6. He says it's impossible. 7. She says she is glad to see me. 8. I know he always gets up early. 9. She says he is still waiting. 10. I want to knowwho is.singing. ll: I think he is Ebrave man. 12. She;s.ays she has a terrible }ejadache;,13. I think tlrat he is
joking.
14.
He asks,what
19u
are dorng. l-5;
I
dbn'1t
know wherei she is"
1..
j
,:
She said she had heard it on the,radio.i
1. He knows she didn't say that. 2. I suppose they met in the street. 3. He says they spent most of their time on the beach. 4. He says he took a lot of photographs while travelling in the Caucasus. 5. I think he recognized me. 6. He says he didn't recognize her. 7. I know that he saw her at the theatre. 8. I don't know why she was absent. 9. He says he worked hard at school. 10. I think he came in a taxi. I l. I know that he made a mistake. 12. i don;t know
what he told her. e.g. I hope he has done it.' I hoped he had done it.
1. She thinks she has lost the key. 2. He says he has never thought of that. 3. We are surprised to see that nothing has changed. 4. She says she has already written the article. 5. Peter thinks his friend has already returned home. 6. She says she has just arrived. 7. I don't know where my father has gone. 8. He says he has left his bicycle in the yard. 9. I can't believq she has done it. 10. She says she has been waiting for an hour.
,
:.
e.g. I'm sure everything will be all right. I was sure everything would be all righ!.
l. They say they will come to soe us next Friday. 2, Arui is sure we will arrive on Friday. 3. We expect Alice will join us in the evening. 4. Harry doesnlt know when his cousin will come. 5. She is sure we will'be'glad to see her. 6. They are sure we will be waiting for them ih the bar: 7. I don't think they will be having breakfast so early. 9. I wonder if he will come back. 10. I think you will stay in town for a night at least. 285
T{
1
Z. Transform the sentences. Do it, as in the example. e.g. I think I know it. I thought I knew it.
l.
Grammar: Sequence of tenses
lllustrative Situations Study these example situations. a) a simultaneous action
1. Yesterday evenin3 when I ieturned from work my friend phoned me. He said he had a spare ticket for a concert and invited me to join him. But I answered that I was too tired and didn't want to go anywhere. 2. Yesterday on my way home i met Mary. She was in a hurry. I thought she was hurrying to the Institute but she said she was going to the station to meet a friend of hers who was coming by ttre 9 o'clock train. b) a prior action 3. Last month I saw Alec. He loeked very sunburnt. He said he had spent a month in the South. 4. When I entered Jane's room yesterday, I saw that her eyes were red. I understood that she had been crying. c) a posterior action 5. Last Sunday the weather was fine. I knew that my uncle would go to the country. I rang him up and said that I would also come with him. He said he would start in an hour and asked me not to be late. I piomised that I would be at his place in half an hour. We enjoyed the time we spent in the counbry that day.
Practice 1. Read the text and analyse the use of tenses. Translate and retell the
texl
The secretary told me that Mr Harmsworth w.ould see me. I felt very nervous when I went into his office. He did not look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people had already left. I knew that my turn had come. 'Mr Harmsworth,' I said in a weak voice.
'Donlt intemrpt,' he said. Then he smiled and told me that I would receive an extra f,2000 a year! 284
They say the hotel is a mile from the shore. 2.
I think the exercise is easy.
3. They write they are going to the south coast of Spain for their holiday. 4. He says he doesn't even know such problems exist. 5. The newspapers write that he is, without any dotibt, the bbst actor of the year. 6. He says it's impossible. 7. She says she is glad to see me. 8. I know he always gets up early. 9. She says he is still waiting. 10. I want to know who is singing. I l. I thinkhe isabrave man. 12. She;says she has a.terribleheadache:,,13. I think thathe
is
|,
joking.
14.
He asks what'y_ou are doing. 15. I don't know where she is. ::
, ,
,
i
e.g. She says she heard.it on the radio. She said she had heard it on the,radio. .i
I:i
:
".
t. He knows she didn't say that. 2. I suppose they met in the street. 3. He says they spent most of their time on the beach. 4. He says he took a lot of photographs while travelling in the Caucasus. 5. I think he recognized me. 6. He says he didn't recognize het. 7. I know that lre saw her at the theatre. 8. I don't know why she was absent. 9. He says he worked hard at,school. 10. I think he came in a taxi. I l I know that he made a mistake. 12. I don't know what he told her. e.g. I hope he has done it.I hoped he had done it.
1. She thinks she has lost the key.2. He says he has never thought of that. 3. We are surprised to see that nothing has changed. 4. She says she has already written the article. 5. Peter thinks his friend has already returned home. 6. She says she has just arrived. 7. I don't know where my father has gone. 8. He says he has left his bicycle in the yard. 9. I canlt believq she has done it. 10. She says she has been waiting fqg an hour. e.g.
;.
I'm
sure everything
will be all right.
I was slue everything would be all right"
1. They say they will conte to soeu*s next Friday. 2. Arui is sure we will arrive on Friday. 3. We expect Alice will join us in the evening. 4. Iirarry doesnlt know when his cousin will come. 5. She is sure we will be glad to see her. 6. They are sure we will be waiting for them in the bar, 7. I don't think they will be having brealdast so early. 9. I wonder if he will come back 10. I think you will stay in town for a night at least.
28s
3.
FiIl in the correct
tefise forms.
l. Yesterday I (receive) a phone call from an old friend who I (not/hear) from for months. I asked him what he (do), and he told'me that he (spend) the past three months sailing around the world on an old-fashioned sailing ship. I (al-
school and ... with the principal. 24. She ... nothing to me about it. 25. He ... to meet him here. 26. He ... that his name was Sam. 27. Why wasn't I ... about the accident?
5. Translate into English.
1..fI nourn, rITo oH Hfirrero He cAeJraer, qro6q rroMoqE uue.2. Ou3ual, o. qeM oHa Ayilaer. 3..On eqe He 3HaJr, .rro 6yAer Aenars B Hbro fiopre. 4. Ona cK&|aJra, rrro npoBera B My3ee oKoJIo rpex qacoB. 5. Bce rroraraJrr,r, qro y
2. ,Richard told.Sarahittuit he (have) a parry.on Saturday night.
IIe said that it (start) early but iti(finish) quite late. ftre toild her to bring her sister alon! as well:'Sarah said,slie (look fortvard) to going. Richard told het he;(prcibably/call)againonrFridaytotellher.the:waytohishouse. : r,.rir,
:."li;
.:1
,;
,
li
'
3. Last Friday Mr Hanson told,his wife, Jane, that he (not/come) early that evening. He said that he (have) several matters to attend to at hi.s offrce and they (take) him two or three hours to finish. He hoped that she (not/be) too angry with him. He (have) a lot of extra work to do during the previous three weels and he (not/be able) to complete it. Jane said that she (not/mind) if Mr Hanson (be) late. She (go) next door and talk to her friends, Eric and Eliza-
Hero ecrb 6parur u cecrpLt. 6. Ou uageuct, qro noroAa 6yAer xoporuaa. 7. OH crasaJr, qro qr.rraer neKqlu B yHlBepcr,rrere. 8.-Toru cKa3an Apyry, qro ero orell nerou 6olen,9, f. rua4es.ncr, qro [otoAa ]BMeHr,rrcf,. 10, Mrr naAetll.vcb, qro flplrgeM Ha BoK3n[ KaK pa3 BoBpeM.s. ll. fl luu1 qro oHu nofylmnv Harue [[rcbMo. 12. f 6rrn ynepen, qro oH 6y.qer pa,q Br.rAerb Bac. 13. Mu AyMaJrr.r, rrro oH y_exan Ha ror. 14. Bvepa { c[poclu cbrHrltrrKy, rAe ,ero Be;rocr{neg. .f, 6ul rrorprceH, KorAa oH coo6ulur MHe, qro rrpoAzln ero cBoeMy rrprrrreilot 15. .f ayrraal, uro re6e 18 ner. 16. Mrr 3Harru, qro oHr4 yBJreKarorcr
ularrrofi
.
beth Grey. 4.
Fill in the gaps with say, tell,
speak or talk in the correctform.
l. Kathy ... her friends the truth about what had happened last night. 2. 'I'll call you later,' he ... to her. 3. Ken ... us that he was having a barbecue at the weekend.4. 'Please turn the volume down,' Cindy ... . 5. I ... to Helen, and she ... she would phone you. 6. The President refused to ... to the waiting journalists. 7. Can I ... with you for a minute? 8. Simon ... to me in the mdrket yesterday. 9. She ... me it was waun. 10. An interpreter ... the President what everyone was ... . 11. 'Look,' L..her, 'why don't you ... me what you mean?' 12. I ... my teacher that L.. Chinese, but phe didn't believe me. l3.Daniel ... me that he was playing in the school basketball team. 14.'You're luiky,' ... Steve.'I ... youthatyouwouldwin' 15. CanI... to Susan? 14. 'I'm sorry I can't ... you the wdy to the station because I'm lost too,' he ... . 15. Why did you ... everybody my secret? 16. Jane ran down the
stairs, ... good morning and left for work. 17. We ... on the phone for over an hour. 18. Who were you ... to just now? 19. 'Open your books at page
28: ... the teacher to her pulils. 20. 'Could you ..: me the time, please?' he 27.My grandmother usEd to ... us exciting stories by the fre every night. 22. . . . to your doctor if you are still worried. 23 . W e looked around the
asked me.
286
28V
2. Rephrase the sentences using P,arltciple
IL
e.g. The car which is parked in front of the house is mine. The car parked in front of the house is mine.
l'
The jewels which were taken by the thieves were very valuable- 2. They live in a house that was built in 1950. 3. I shall show you a pichrre that was
Grammar: Review of tenses. Participle. Article. Prepositions
Topic: Going out. Entertainment. Cinema Communication: Suggestions and invitatiohs. Likes and dislikes. Opinions. Agreeing and disagreeing. Praise and criticism
Part A
l.
a) Read the
text
I
Tert
l:
Titanic
One day when Mr Robinson was looking through the Daily Express, he found a review on the flJm Titanic, which was the latest screen version of the tragedy that happened on April 14-15, l9l2 during the maiden voyage of the British luxury passenger liner when the ship sank with a loss of about 1500 lives: men, women and children. The review of the Daily Express critic was very favourable. It praised the acting, the music, the new technologies of film making used by James Cameron, the film-maker. The critic wrote that the fitm was interesting not only from the artistic point of view, but from the technical one as well. Both the ship and the ocean were virtual, created by computers.
Besides, one could see unique pictures of the Titanic buried in the depth of the ocean. According to the review, Leonardo Di Caprio and Kate Winslet played the leading parts in the frlm. Besides, there were many other film stars in the cast. In short, the film promised to be interesting. When Mr Robinson told his wife about the film, they made up their minds to go to the cinema on'Saturday. They didn't want to stand in a queue, so Mr Robinson phoned the box office and booked two tickets for the 6 o'clock show at the Odeon.
Both Mr and Mrs Robinson were greatly impressed by the thrilling plot of the filrn. They were deeply moved by the love story of Jack and Rose, a young poor artist and a l7-year old girl from the upper class. Some time later when Mr Robinson learned that Titanic had won eleven 'Oscar' rewards he thought that it was really worth it. b) Ask and answer questions about the c) Retell the
288
ii
tut-
painted by my son. 4. Everything that is written hgre is quite right. 5. The house which is surrounded by the trees is very beautiful. 6. The floor that was washed by Helen looked very clean. 7. The ideas which are presentecl in that book are very interesting. 8. A fish which is taken out of water cannot live. 9. Name some places that were visited by you last year. 10. Here is the letter that was received yesterday.
3. Trsnslate the sentences. Note the use of the pronounE ased to refer ta people in general
l. You take the train to the airport from the Cental Station. 2. She is the sort of person you can always go to if you have a problem. 3. You learn a language better if you visit the country where it is spoken. 4. One should never
if one is not sure of one's facts. 5. One gets the impression that ihey disapprove. 6. The rest, as they say, is history. 7 . They now say that red wine is good for you. 8. They sell bread here.
criticize
4. Join two sentences to make one sentence. e.g. Don't get a taxi. It's not worth it.
It's not worth getting
a
taxi.
l. Don't hurry. Itls not wortli it. 2. Don't see
5.
get.angry. It's not worth iL 3- Don't this filrn. It's not worth it. 4. Don't read this book. It's not worth it
Explain the use of articles in
the
following sentences
l. Mr J. Benn, the owner of the shop, made no comment 2.My friend, a teacher of history, has got a grant. 3. Mr Ivirnov, the inventor of this macffis, is an old friend of mine. 4. Pushkin, the great Russian poet was bom m17995. Mr Kedrov, (the) rector of the Medical University, w:ul among the guests. 6. Mr Drobush, a student of our Instituto, got a prve.7. At the puty he was introduced to Mary Smith, a young English scientist. 6. Rephrase the following sentences. Use the verb 'impress'. Do tt, as in the example.
t*t
e.g. The story made a deep impression on me. I was greatly impressed by the story. l0 3aK 25f0
289
He is tall and slim. His beautiful blue eyes and good looks are difficult to
l. Her acting produced a great impression
on me. 2. Did the film make a good impression on you? 3. Paris makes a great impression on tourists. 5. I'm swe their desigir will make a good impression 9n you. 6. The exhibition made a great impression on the visitors. 7. My words made no impression on her. 8. Did hbr singlng make any impression on you? 7"
forget. Brad Pitt is a humorous person; his friends enjoy his compariy. He iC a sensi' ble person who does not lead a glamorous life. When he has free time, he enjoys reading about architecture, a subject that he finds interesting. He also enjoys listening to music and has a huge CD collection. Brad Pitt is a talented as well as a,handsome young actor. We are suro to see a lot mdre of him in the future!
Translate into English
1. Ha anrx r [poqr.rrrur r,rHTepecHyro crarbro o6 uctopnn Haruefi crpaHbr. 2.fIeruue Arucon [por{3Beno Ha Po6epra 6bnrnoe BuerrarreHue. 3. Arrpuca, urpaBruarr rnaBrryrc ponr, 6rtra orreHb xoporua. 4. 3ro cn) rr4tacl 2O *l.ons.2002 roAa. 5. Bvepa Mbr c cecrpofi xoAr,un B Kr{Ho. V uae, u Qrulrrr,r rroHpaBnncr. Croxer 6un gaxsarnnarorguri, urpa aKTepoB [peBocxoAna. @lutru, KoHerIHo, crol4rr roro, qro6rr ero uocMorperb. 6. Y rraenr ecrb cBo.f, ToqKa 3peHur no groMy Bonpocy. 7. flpex.{e qeM cHrlr-
b)
uoefi cecrpe
uarr r[nurnl,
pex
8. CleAyer 6urr
orreHb BHuMareJrbHbrMrr, nepexoAr ynurry. 9. 3aecr [poAaror reneBr43opbr H KoMrrbrorepbr.l0. Knr,rrul, npoqr,rraHHbre cryAeHTaMr4, AoJrxHbr 6srrr notnparqeHhr B 6ra6nuorery. On rno6uT Aenarb KoMMeHrapuu rro xoAy co6pa-
ll.
vw.
12. Bo rpeur ypoKa yqnreJrb paccKa3arr HaM MHoro r{Hrep€cHoro. 13. Koraa on 6un B AecflToM Krracce, oH np4Hrn perueHr{e crarb yr{HTeneM. 14. Crapm 6rrn o.reHr pacrporau Mor{M xeJraHneM noMotrb err,ry. 15. Buxrop Cegon, nrD{GHep c rpaKropHoro 3aBoAa nprusr yincrve s sHsraBre.'l6.Mue
ALsk
10. I
(\
und attsier questions sbout Btad
Pin
c) Speak about Brad
Pitt
Read the sentences and translate them. Make similat sentences'
l. This novel is too boring to read. 2. He is easy to please. 3. T\ bicycle is diffrcult to repair. .4. She is pleasant to look at and interesting to talk to. 11.
Read the sentences and translate them. Make similar sentences"
l. The exhibition is sure to be popular. 2. It's
sure to rain. 3. Our team is sure
to win the cup. 4. He is sure to marry her. -12. IJse prepositions or adverbs. Retell the text
oqerb [oHpaBilrcfl AoKila4 c4elaunrril HarunM ALrpeKTopoM. 8.
Answer
the
following questions.
1. Are you a keen cinema goer? 2. How often do you go to the cinema? 3. Which of the cinemas in your city do you like best? 4. Which do you prefer: to see a film on television or on the screen in the regular cinema? Why? 5. What kind of films do you prefer?- Do you like popular science films? Do you find animated cartoons amusing? What do you think of horror films? Are you keen on love stories? Are you interested in wegterns? 6. What kind of frkns don't you like? Why? 7. Have you seen any interesting films lately? 8. When did you last go to the cinema? What film did you see? Who starred in it? Did you like the acting? What is the plot of the frlm? Did you enjoy the
fikn? 9. a) Rcad about Brad
Pitt Text 2: A Hollywood Star
13.
Fill in articles if
necessary.
Brad Pitt is one of Hollywood's brightest stars. He is a very successful actor who hal starred in many films, such as Interttiew with the Vampire and Twelve Monkeys
290
291
hands with him! I couldn't believe-that I was so close to such ... big star: He was dressed in ... expensive clothes and looked fabulous. It was ... experience that I'll never forget.
B: I'm afraid I can't. I'm babysitting for my sister. A: Would you like to meet on Friday, then? B: I'm sorry. I'm working late that day.
14. Translate into English.
A: What about Saturday? Do you have any free time? B: Yes, that sounds brilliant! Where shall we go?
l.
(Dunrnr HaquHrurcr n 8 racon, r{ Mbr AoroBop;lrltucb Bcrperr,rrlcf, y KuHorearpa B '1 .45. 2. Vro u4er n xunorearpe "Mocrnat'? - lonop.rr, qro raM r.rAer
unrepecrnrfi AereKTr,rB. - fiar,aia ero uocMorpnr. Trr 3Haerrrb, .rrb s rro6no - { roxe. 3axaxeu 6unerrr 3apaHee urr.r Ky[r,rM ru( nepeA ceaH_ cou? - -fI 4)nuaro, trro Mbr cMoxeM r(ynr,rrb 6nueru rtepeA HaqanoM ceaHca.
AereKTr,rBhr.
In
pairs, act out similur conversations using the expreisions ory box and the notesfrom the diary.
..
3. Ilouerr,ry ru ouorgan? rlro: c ro6ofi crqnrvrtocr? - .f, ne ycnel na anro6yc, roroprrfi ornpduaercs s 7 .racos. 4. KorAa t r4try B Kr,rHo, r o6rr.rHo 3aKa3br-
.
saro 6rrtrer6r 3apaHee. -f, aro6ruo c44erb B AecrroM prry. 5. oror arrep cnuMaJrcr Bo MHonrx Sunrnaax. 6. A ue r{Hrepecyrocb $ulbtuauu yxacon. 6. Ou He npon)/cKaer Hu oAHOTO AereKTr{BHOTO r[lUrrrra no reJreBr{Aesr.no, 7. On o6ssaremuo rrplrAer. 8. ona o6.agarenrHo cAacr 3K3aMen. 9. Ero BHerrrHocrb
_
Tpyauo ga6rrrr. 10. I
on
xoporunfi raHrlop.
c uru
l. Osa oqeHb yrr{Hrur. C uefi vHrepecHo o6rqarrca.
Monday: go to thg dentist Tuesday: revise for maths test Wednesday: play tennis with Phil Thursday: go shopping Friday: have dinner with parents Saturday: go to Tom's partY Sunday: free
Conversation 2 Peter: Would you like to go out this evening?
qprarrruo raHrleBarb.
Ann:
Yes, why not? What do you have in mind? The Ragford Symphony Orchestra's playing at the Sindican Centre tonight at7.3O. Oh no! I'm not in the mood for that kind of thing. What about going to the theatre? We could. Oh, maybe not. There's a pantomime on, but it starts at 6.30, and it's 6.15 now. Oh, I see. Well, why don't we go to the cinema? Rob Roy is on at the
Peter: Do you fancy going to a concert?
Part B
Conversation Practice
Ann:
Suggestions / lnvitations
Peter:
Making suggestions / invitations Let's ..., Shall we ...?, Why don't we ...?, HodWhat about... + ing?, Would you like to ...?, Do you want to .,.?, We could ..., etc.
Ann:
i";f:::fr,(That's
Ann:
Odeon.
Peter: That sounds
nice. We could have a quick snack before w€ buy our
ticketsa) good idea!, That sounds great/ntcetgood!, etc.
Rgfusing I'd love to, but ..., I'm afraid
I
I can't .,., I'in
I don't think
study and practise the following conversations. Do the exercises thatfollow the conversations.
Conversation
I
.
kt's
go to Pierre's.
friend:
playing cards; exhibition; go golf; going to a Greek restaurant.
Yourfriend will accept or turn dovn the suggestion.
I
Conversation 3 a meeting at
work tonight.
A: Why don't we go out tomorrow night, then? 292
I
That's a lovely idea.
Suggest to your
I
sorry I can't ..,, that's a good idea ..., I'm not in the mood for ..., €te.
A: Shall we go out tonight? B: I'd love to, but I'm attending
from the the-
Male: Female l: Male:
So, SaturdaY. AnY ideas?
Howaboutafilm? During the
daf
293
l: 2: Female l: Female
Yes.
Female
I prefer watching fiLns in the evening really. OK. Well, why don't we go to the sports centre? We can go
swimming. Male: Female 2:
Female
l:
Female 2:
Male: Female 2:
Male: Female l: Female 2:
Male: Female 2:
Female
l:
Female 2:
Male: Female
l:
There are always lots of children in the pool on Saturdays. And I don't like swimming very much. Well, how about shopping then? Yes, I like shopping more than swimming! .-There's fhat new shopping centre in Bath ... That sounds like firn. What about the shops in Clifton? No, the shops are more expensive there. Yes, and Clifton's very crowded at the^weekend. All right, we'll go to Bath then. centre in Bath's got a good restaurant.
cente in the morning and then we can OK, that sounds good. Let's meet at eleven and we can get the bus. OK. We'll meet at eleven outside the bus station.
- Iloo6eAaeu ceroAHr rge-uu6ygr? - He aospaxaro 9. - He noexarr Jrr.r HaM na cy66ory r{ BocKpeceHbe oa ropo4? - 3ro 6ruo 6u gaueqarerlHo. 10. - flo.reuy 6u uau He ocraHoBr{rbcr y poAcrBeHHnxos? - Mue ne xoqercf,. .II upegnoven 6u ocraHonnrrcr B rocrr.rHr,rqe. - flofiAerr,r 3aBrpa Ha rrnrx?
- Mne 6u xoreJrocb, Ho r He ruory. .f 6yay pa6orarr. - Kax xacqsr mro, qro6br nofrru n nocrpecetre? 12.
2.
- Kar Hacqer roro, uro6u nofirn ua BhrcraBKy rperon? - Xall, Ho ceroArlt r 3arrf,T. - Irro rhr ceroArrf, BeqepoM Aenaemr? - H[qero oco6enHoro, a qro? - Ilofuerr,r B K[rHo?
3.
- Hemoxas uubnr. - Ilofilerr,r 3aBTpa Kararbcr na
4.
- Xoponar uaex. . He HaBecrnrb JrH HaM 3aBrpa Bncropa! - 3ro 6rno 6u xopouro. Korqa urr ncrpernucr?
luxax?
- X'rya;lato,r 7. - Xoporuo.,{oroaopmucr. 5. - Kar Hacrrer roro, uro6u nepeKyclrrb? - lanah cxoAr{M n xa0e Ha ynruIe I{eHrpanrHofi. - Aanafi.
6. - Iloverrry 6u nau nb nossoHnrr 7.
euy?
- lanallre raK rr cAenaeM. - Tu He xoqerub ceroAnf, cxoAnrb B Kr{Ho? - V uenx Her HasrpoeHr{rr. .fl 6u npe4norura ocrarbc, AoMa.
294
BerrepnHKy n cy66ory?
- Xoporua.r MhrcJlb.
iloroAa ceroAlur. He npoftrn lr{ HaM HeMrroxxo uerurou? - Oxorno. 14. - He noo6eAarb Jrr{ HaM ceroAr{rr o pecropane? - A6r;t c yAoBoJrbcrBr.reM, Ho He Mory. 3anm. 13. - 9y4ecHaa
Roleplay.l.'Your friend
and you are making plans for the coming weekend.
Likes and Dislikes
Translate into Englislt
l.
-,{a, sro 6ulo 6u Heruroxo. - floveuy 6u Hau He ycrpollrE
Likes I {ike, I enjon I love, I'm fond of, Irm keen on ... Agreeing and disageeing with a person's likes So do I. So am I. I don't. I'm not.
'
Dislikes I don't like, I dislike, I hate, I can't stand, I can't bear ... Agreeing and disagreeing with a person's dislikes NeitherA.Ior do I. So do I. Neither can L I don't. I can.
Conversation 4
Pierre: What's playng tonight?
Tony:
Well, there's The Cowboy Rides Again with Pat Conroy.
Gina:, I don't know. ... I don't really like westerns. Piere: I agree. I don't like westerns very much either. And I don't think Pat Conroy is a good actor. OK. What about Love in the Afternoon? I don't like love stories. Pierre: Neither do I. Giira: Hey! What about Ihat's a Laigh? It's a comedy. Pierre: Yeah. I like comedies. How about you, Ton/
Tony: Gina:
295
Tony:
That's fine with me. I like comedies, too.
Pierre: Keiko?
Keiko:
What?
Pierre: Do you like comedies?
Keiko:
No. Not really.
A- rnpairs, qsk and answer questions aboutyour tikes and disrikes asfar as movies are concerned:
horror films? westems? science fiction? comedies? soap operas? documentaries? mysteries? love stories (romance)? (animated) cartoons? nature films? thrillers?
B. fn pairs, act out short convercations, as phrases wpressing likes and dislikes. A: What's playng at the cinema B: The Last Star is.
in the example. Use dffirent
Peter:
today?.
Jack
A: What kind of frlm is it? B: It's science fiction.
l. American filrns are awful. 2. English is a very difficult language to learn. 3. Indian films are exciting. 4. Women are less intelligent than men. 5. Jogging is useful for health. 6. The taxes are too high. 7.The climate here is very pleasant.
(I really don't like science fiction very much.) So do
pecting so much more to happen, I suppose. Oh, come on! A lot happened! It's really exciting. You are the first person I've met who hasn't enjoyed the film. Tastes differ, you know.
A. Agree or disegree with an opinion.
Al I Iove science frction. B:
Conversation 5 Jack, you've seen Star Wars,haven'tyorf! Jack Yes, that's right. Peter: What do you think of it? Jack Well, I was a bit disappointed, really. I didn't think it was a particularly good film at all. Peter: Oh, I disagree, Jack. I thought it was great. It's one of the best films I've ever seen. I enjoyed every minute of it. Jack I think it was pretty boring. Peter: I really can't agree with you tliere, Jack. I don't see how you can say it was boring. It was full of excitement. Jack In my opinion, it wasn't. I was bored ... mainly because I was ex-
Peter:
I. (Neither/Nor do I.) Opinions. Agreeing/Disagreeing
In pairs, makg up similar exchanges B. Now look ut these worils. Do they describe reaction?
a
positive (+) or a negative (-)
wonderful, awful, marvellous, terrible, great, superb, dull, exciting, amusing, fantastic, boring, terrific, dreadful, silly, fascinating, thrilling, shocking, moving, humorous, scary Giving an opinion I thinl(, I believe, I s-ppose, In my opinion, To my mind, It seems to me that
Agreeing with an opinion I agree with you. That's right. You are quite/absolutely right. Disagreeing with an opinion
I don't agree with you. I disagree. I don't think so. I'm afraid I can't agree with you. I don't think you
are right.
Use some of the adjectives above to describe movies, actors, and actresses. ...
C. Make sabstitutions using the adjectives expressing praise and criticism.
A: What did you think of the film? (play /concert /party) B: I liked it. I thought it was great. (good /delightful /exciting) A: Yes, I liked it too. Did you like the acting? (scenery /programme /food) B: Yes, I thought it was excellent, didn't you? A: Not really. I thought it was disappointing. (poor /dull /awfrrl) B: It's a nice cinema, isn't it? (theatre /concert hall lhouse) A: Do you think so? I don't like it very much. I find it rather uncomfortabli:. (depressing /old-fashioned /cold)
296
297
.
A, Complete,these sentences with in brackets.
Conversation 6
Bob:
So what did you think of the frlm?
M4ry: I really enjoyed it. It was very amusing,
Steve:
was completely unbelievable? I mean, for a pet in the first place? an elephant have who would ever is all"about. And anyway, the characcomedy But Steve, that's what just the'people I know. were ters wer€ very realistic they I think Bob's right. And the dialogue was very clever too. I suppose I'd rather see a more serious film. I admit the script was well'written, but I can't say I enjoyed myself much.
In pairs, talk about types offtlms using the adiectives
in the lisr
. amusing, shocking, exciting, boring, humorous, moving, scary, disgusting, terrific, thrilling; fascinating, awful, great, shocking, terriffing, entertaining . (T1pes of frlms: science fiction film, cartoon, adventure film, detective film, romance, horror film, comedy, historical filn, thriller, mystery) e.g. A: Do you like westems? B: !es, I do. I think they're exciting. /l'[o I don't. I find them boring' Conversation 7 Woman: Howwasthemovie? Man: I didn't like it, The story wasn't very interesting. Woman: I'm sorryyou were disappointed. Man: Me, too. tr didn't enjoy myself at all'
Woman: Wlio did You go with?
Man:
I went by myself. How was the
museum?
Woman:
We were fascinated. The paintings were very exciting' I'm glad you enjoyed yowselves. We are' too. Who did yougo with? My husband and I went by ourselves. And how was that new res-
Man:
taurant You went to? I was disappoinled. The foo{ wasn't s16i1ing 4t all
Woman:
Man: Woman:
Man:
Woman:
sorryYou didn't like it. Me, too. I didn't enjoy myself at all. Who did You go with?
Man:
I wentwith mY girlfriend
Woman: Ilm
Man:
y,erbs
(interest) 2. I find nature filrns .i.'. (fascinate). I'm ... with watching television. (bore) 4. I didn't lke Bqtman at all. I was ... that it was so successful. (surprise) 5. Star Wats,$tas apreIly... movie; (excite) 6. Meryl Steep is avery... actress. (interest) 7.I'm... byStephen King's novels. (faseinate) 8. All tlroughthe parS she was ... by one of the guests. (entertain) 9.,It's ... they don't make many west€rns these days. (surprise) 10. I was ... by the clown's perfonhance. (amuse) 11. Marywas ..; when she heard the nows. (excite) 12. It was the most ... film I've ever s€en. (th4lt) 13. He was ..: when he fell down the stairs in front qf all his friends. (embarrass) 14. It was an.;. situation. (emparraqs) 15., 'We were ... by.th" magician's tricks. (arnaze) 16. It was suCh a ... fihn that I fell asleep. (bore) 17. What are you ... ofl (fiighten) lS. I didn't find the joke a! all .'.. . (amirse) 19.Iwas... withmyself. (disappoint)20.Iwas..t tobeinvited. (ihrill) 21.It was an... performance. (amaze) 22.The result'was... . (disappoint) 23: It was a ... experience. (frighten:) 24. tr found the talk both informative and ... . (enteftain) 25. I was ... with myself for missing the bus. (annoy) 26. This in3.
Steve: But didn't you think the plot
Mary:
participle of.the
l. I'm not ... in horror films.
and I thought the acting was
excellent.
Bob:
the past or present
I
temrption is very .;. (annoy).
B. Complete thh chart with a classmatets What What What What What What What
was was was was was was was
anfieers.
saw?
Rain Man
the last movie you the last museum you visited? the last concert you went to? the last performance you saw? the last match you attende.d? the last restaurant you ate in? the last pany you went to?
Now practise thh conversatian. (Jse the v o c abul ary fro m exerc ise A.
l
anSvsers
from the chart and the
A: How was Rain Mqn? B: I liked it. The story @aintings, music, fdod) was very interesting A: I'm glad you enjoyed yourself. OR
B: I didn't like it. The story wasn't very interesting.
A: I'm sorry you were
disappointed.
)
298
299
TheNews n Ithinkit'sbrilliant. s Idon'tthinkmuchofir Horror Filns o absolutely fascinating o absolutely disgusting
B: Me, too. A: Who did you go with? B: I went by myself (with Sandy).
Documentaries
them. Dating Shows c They're great Sporb a my idea of fun in
Roleplay 2 Your friend and you are discussing the film you've just seen. You liked everything about the film and you enjoyed the acting. Your friend has a different opinion of the frlm.
Roleplay 3.' You have spent the whole day sightseeing. At the end of the day you ar€ sharing your impressions of the things you've seen and the places
I:
I
minute.
I:
Mrs
X: X:
Alright then,
as long as you're quick. aqe your favourite programmes? soap operas, they're fun. I like finding out about what
OK then, what Oohh.
I like
Molly: Peter: Molly: Peter: Molly: Peter: Molly: Peter: Molly: Peter:
Interesting ... So whatdon'tyouenjo/
Mrs
I: Mrs
I: Mrs
X: I don't think much of the neps really. It's so depressing:
X: X:
I:
all blood
and killing. And as for those horror films they have on late at night, I find thern absolutely disgusting. What about documentaries? I'rn not really interested in them. I prefer something that'll make me laugh. Aaah, dating shows perhaps? Dating shows? Yes, they're great, especially that one on Saturdays. But my husband always wants to watch sports on the other channel. Sports programmes - that's not my idea of ftrn. Thank you very much for your time, madam. You've been very help-
sorts.
Operas o I like them. Shows o' I love them.
It's
an old James Bond film. Great! What time does it start?
It starts at 8.30. It's on
at the Odeon cinema.
What time shall we meet and where? Let's meet outside the cinema just before 8.30. All right, see you then. Thanls for the call. Bye. Bye. See you later.
Conversation 10
A. Tick the expressions lhe woman lr.tes to talk about the programmes she Iikes and doesn't like. Then usi the expressions in the table to tell your pafiner about the types of W progtsmmes you lihe or dislike, giving rea-
iz
Peter? Yes,I am. Why? til/ould you like to come to the cinema with me? Oh, yes, I'd love to. What's on?
(Before thefilm) Jane: What about going to the pictures tonight, Ann? Ann: What's on? Jane: Richard III is on at the Ritz, and there 's a Norrnan Wisdom comedy showing at the Odeon. Which one? Ann: Jane: A St:itch in Time. Arur: Oh, I've seen that already. Mary and I went one afternoon during the summpr holidays.
tuI.
Soap
They're terrible.
tr not my idea offun
Conversation 9 Peter: Hello, Molly, it's Peter. Are you free tonight?
families are doing. They can be very exciting. Oh yes, and I love quiz shows. I like trying to answer the questions before the contestants.
I:
o
l. Do you watch TV alof? 2. When do you usually watch TV? 3. What kind of programries do you usually watch? 4. Do you like soap operas?'5. Do you regularly watch the n€ws prograrnmes? 6. Are you interested in documentaries? 7. Do you like talk shows? 8. Do you ever watch quiz shows? What do you think of them? 9. How many hours a day is television on in your country? 10. How many different television channels are there? 11. What is the difference between them? 12. What are the good and bad things about.telwision?
Fxcuse me madam, I'm doing a iuwey on television progtammes for our local TV channel. Can I ask you a few questions? It won't take a
Mrs
interested
in tftem.
B. Answer the questions
you've gone t9.
Conversation
o I'm'really interested o I'm not really
o I don't like them. o I can't stand thern.
Jane:
Was it good?
301
300 ,1,
I
Ann: Jane:
Ann: Jane:
Quite amusing, the sort of frlm I really enjoy. Well do you fancy Titanic? Yes. Good idea. I'll just check the time of the performance in the evening paper. Here it is: 'Last complete performance ,- 7.20.' If you hurry up we can catch the 7 o'clock birs from the bridge. I hate missing the start of a
film.
.
Jane:
Ann:
Jane:
Ann:
(After theJilm) Well, did you enjoy it? Very much. It's marvellous to see such good acting. I liked the production tob. Yes, it's great, really fantrastic.
Using the plan below, write a review
for
any
ftIm you have
seen.
Plon
fntroduction
l: the title of the filn, stars, tlpe of fikn, director, place character(s), what the story is about.
Phra
it is set, main
Moin Body Para2: main points of the plot
Para3: comments about the acting, plot, gound effects, etc. Conclusion
Roleplay.4: You know.there is a good film on at the cinern'lA. You invite your friend to see it. He accepts your invitation and asks you some questions about the film' You agree to meet outside'the cinema at7A0. After the film you share your impressions. Yoru tastes differ.
P.ar a 4 : rec
Conversation 11 Chris: Mum, car,r you tape something for me because I'm going out tonight? Mum: What is it dear?
l. What is,one of the best movies you have ever seen? What did you like about it? 2. Who do you think is the best film director in your country? Which of his/her films did you like best? 3. Who is the best film star at'the moment? Why do you think so? 4. Who is your favourite actor /actress? What do you know about him / her? Describe his (her) appearance and character. 5. Are yciu fond of French/Indian films? 6. Have you seen any FrencfuIndian films lately? 7. What do you think of Hollywood'films? 8. Do you know any Russian films that won international prizes? Whose productiong were they? 9. Are there any interesting films on now? 10. Are you going 1o the cinema this week? What film are you going to see?-Have you read any rwiews on the film? What is the film about? Who stars in it?
Chris: Bqtman Returns. Mum: Batmqn Returns?
Isn't that the frlm starring Michael Keaton? I heard
it's a very good frlm.
Chris:
. Mum:
Yes, it is. Listen to what they say about it fn the TV guide. 'Michael Keaton stars in this adventure film, difected by Tim Burton. The film is set in an imaginary city in America where Batnan, the action hero, fights the evil villains Penguin and Cat Woman. The acting is brilliant, especially Michelle Pfeiffer who plays Cat Woman. The plot is a little complicated at times and hard to follow. But the costumes and the special effects ar.e out-of-this world and very imaginative. This is an excellent fihn, not to be missed.' Sounds good, doesn't it? It starts
FinalDiscussion 7. Answer the questions.
2. Speak on:
at 9 o'clock.
a) the cinemas in your city;
Mmm I think I might watch it myself tonight.
b) your last visit to the cinema; c) the frlm that impressed you greatly; d) the best film(s) of the year;
A. Read anotherftlm review.
In my opinion, the best frlm of the last ten years was La Confidential, from 1997. It's a thriller and it stars Russel Crove, -Guy Pearce, Kim Basinger and Kevin Spacey. The film is set in Los Angeles in the 1950s, and it's about problems in the police depirtrrent. It's very exciting and the acting is excellent. Go and see it! 302
onrmendation
e) your favourite actor'/actress
/film
director;'
:
f) your favourite TV programmes; g) your impression of the performance you watched on television. 3. Interview
a
famous sctor/actress. 303
Group work 1. Your classmate says he/she is keen on cinema. He/She also mentions that he/she was at the cinema some days ago. You ask himlher all sorts of questions about his/her likes and disl^kes as far as cinema is conierned. You also want to know about the last fiLn he/she saw. Perhaps your friend can recommend you a good film to see.
2. It's Friday. Saturday is your day off, so you are free tomorrow and you want to go out together. At the moment you are discussing your weekend plans.
3. Now you are speaking about your likes, dislikes and preferences as far
as
television progranrmes are concerned. You discuss some of the programmes you've recently seen. 4. Argue the statement: Watching television is a'waste of time.
Grammar: Reported speech. The use of tenses in reported speech
lllustrative Situations . In reported speechpersonal pronouns, possessive adjectives/possessive pronouns change according to the meaning of the sentence. e.g. Sam said, 'I'm leaving for.Germany with my family tomorrow.' Sam said (that) he was leaving for Germany. with his family the following day. We can report someone's words either a long time after they were said (outof-date-reportrng) or a short time after they were said (up-to-date-reporting)'
out-of"date reporting We usually report someone's words a long time after they were said. In this case the
intoductory velb is in the past simple and the
tenses change as
follows:
reported speech
direct speech
later,' shc said
past simple He said (that) he wanted to go to bed early. past continuous He said (that) she was feeding the baby. past perfect She said (that) she had bought a new dress. past simple or past perfect Alex said (that) he (had) finished work early. past continuous or past perfect contihuous She said (thaQ she was planning/had been planning to call me later.
future (will)
conditional (would)
'I'll
She said (that) she
present simple 'I want to go to bed early,' he said. present continuous 'She's feeding the baby,' he said. present perfect 'l've bought a new dress,' she said. past simple
'I finished work early,' Alex
said.
past continuous 'I was planning to call you
talk to you tomonow,' she said
would talk to me the next
. The past perfect and past perfect continuous remain the same. 'The film had finished by the time I got home,' he said. direct speech: reported speech: He said (that) the film had frnished by the time he got home.
304
305
. The verb tenses change in reported speech: a) when reporting someone's words a long time after they were said (out-ofdate reporting). b) when we consider what the speaker says to beluntrue' direct speech: 'I like Shakespeare's plays a lot,' he said to us. reportei speech: He told us (ihat) he liked Shakespeare's plays a lot, but he didn't know the name of anY. . The verb tenses can either charige or remain the same in reported speech: a) when reporting someone's words a short time after they were said (up-todate
reporting).
.
(outside the
o
onthe context'
Monday''
there onMondaY.
7. Yesterday you met a friend ofyours, Steve. You hsdn't seen him fot a long time. Here are some of the things Steve said to you:
l. I'm living in London.
306
rqtorted speech
2. Report what the gwests said at a wedding last Sunday.
Miss Moore: They'll make a lovely couple Mr Smith: They arq going to live inBrighton.
Mrs Jones: The bride and the groom are very nice young people.
Mr Roberts: The bride is wearing a beautiful wedding Mr Clarke: The couple's parents lookhappy.
dress.
Miss Mayall: The bride's father has bought them a big flat.
3. Complete these sentences. Make ony necessary tense changes.
Practice
2. My father isn't very well. 3. Rachel and Mark are getting married next month. 4..My sister has had a babY. 5. I don't know what Frank is doing. 6. I sawHelen at a party in June and she seemed fine. 7. I haven't seen Diane recentlY. ' 8. I'm not enjoying mY job very much.
(Jse
l. Steve said that he was living in London. 2. He said that ...
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
. The verb tenses remain the same in reported speech: When the introductory verb is in the present, future or present perfect' direct speech: The singer says, 'I enjoy cycling-' reported speech: The singer says (that) the enjoys cycling. again on
Later that day you tell anotherfriend what Steve said.
1.
'There is plenty of food in the fridge,' Mum said' Mum said (thdt) there is /there was plenty of food in the fridge. 'I will call you baclg' he said. He said he wilVwould call me back 'I'm seeing the manager tomorrow,' Tom said to us. Tom told us (that) he is seeing /was seeing the manager tomorrow. b) when reporting a general truth or law ofnature. direct speech: 'The sun sets in the west,' the teacher said. reported speech: The teacher said (that) the sun sets/set in the west.
Inreported qpeechcertainwords (seep,42 (in his office) e.g. here -+ there
9. You can come and stay at my place if you're ever in London. l0; My car was stolen a few days ago. I l. I want to go on holiday, but I can't afford it. 12.I'll tell Chris I saw you.
l. When I was a child, a friend of my father's told me that ... ('I take a cold bath every morning.l) 2. Just before the plane took off, Mary told Peter that ... ('I'm feeling rather frightened.') 3. There was a knock on the door and in came a man who said that ... ('I'm a detective.') 4. When John got home from the offrce, his wife told him that ... ('I've got a surprise for you.') 5. When he was a child, Harry used to tell everybody that ... ('I want to be a doctor when I grow up.') 6. The last time I saw Mary, she said that ... ('You're not looking very well.') 7. Tom rang up this morning to say that ... ('I'll come round at about seven.'), but he still hasn't come. 8. Several years ('You'll marry a rich man and have a _ago a fortune teller told Joan that ... large family.') 9. The tailor told me that ... ('Your suit will be ready on Saturday.') That was three days ago, and it still isn't ready. 10. Bill was delighted with his birthday present. He said that ... ('I've always wanted a gold watch.') ll. When I rang you up in the ofhce,I was told that ... ('She's just left.')I2. I was so surprised when John said that ... ('I fuven'tread,Oliver Twist.') that I lent him,my copy at once. 4. Somebody says something to you which is the opposite of what they said
earlier. Complete the answers.
1. A: That restaurant
is expensive.
B: Is it? I thougbt you said it was cheap.
2. A: Sue is coming to the party tonight. B: Is she? I thought you said she ... 307
.
J.
A:
Sarah likes Paul.
25. Robin said, 'These biscuits taste delicious.'
B: Does she? Last week you .uid ... 4. A: I know lots of people. B: Do you? I thought you said ... 5. A: Jane will be here next week.
B: Will she? But you didn't
6. A: I'm 7. 8.
saY
26.Tina said, 'You should exercise regularly.' 27.Theysaid, 'We had booked the'room before we left.'' I 28.'I've written you a letter,' she said to her friend. 29.'I'm going to bed early tonight,' Caroline said. 30. 'I'm starting a new job next Monday,' Bob said. 3 l. 'My mother can look after the children next vreelg' Sue said to Harry. 32.'We've decided to spend our holidays in Jordan,' they told us. 33. 'I haven't spoken to Mary since last weelg' Gloria said.
:
;'
...
going out this evening.
B: Are you? But you said ... A:'I'can speak a little French.B: Can you? But earlieryou said ... A: I haven't been to the cinema for ages. B: Haven't you? I thought you said ...
5. Turn the foltowing sentences into repotted speech. Use the formal
6. Turn each direct-speech statement into indirect with tense changes.
Just What the Doctor Ordered! se-
quence oftenses"
l.
\
He said, 'I'm going to th9 station He said (that) he was going to the station. 2. Tina said, 'This meal is delicious.' 3. 'I received a parcel this morning, but I haven't opened it yet,' Tom said. 4. She said, 'You must do your homework now.' 5. She said, 'I can meet you on Tuesday.' 6. 'We won't be visiting Tom this evening,' Sam told us' 7. 'He's playrng in the garden now,' his mother said. 8. Jill said, 'I'll go to the bank tomorrow.' 9. Keith said, 'There is a letter for you on the table.' 10.'I don't want to go to school today,' Sammy said to his mother. I l. He said,'I'd like to buy this jumSer.' 12. Fiona said, 'That picture was painted by my great-grandfather.' 13. 'You fnusbr't do that again,' Mum said to Bob. 14.'I can'tsee you this afternoon because I've got a lot to do,' Ann told me. 15. She came into the room hoiding some letters in her hand and said, 'I found these while I was tidying the desk drawers.' 16. Jane said, 'I haven't frnished my homework yet.'
'I've conducted a number of tests,' Dr Grey said 'I must put you on a very strict diet,' she told me. 'You're putting on a lot of weight,' she said. 'You have gained 5.5 kilos in six months,' she added. 'You gained l0 kilos last year,' she reminded me. 'You will get very fat if you go on like this,' she told me. 'You should eat very little,' she said. 'So I'll have to live on nuts and water,' I said nervously. 'You can live on nuts and water without the nuts,' she said. 7. Turn the sentences into reported
speech
\
In which of the following se'htences do the tenses not change?
Inwhich do they not have to be changed?
Why?
1. -The article says, 'The artist only uses oil paints.' ... The article says (that) the artist only uses oil paints
... The
...
tenses do not change because the introductory verb is in the pre-
sent simple.
2. 'They are working lqard today,' he said. 3. 'I've done the things you asked me to do,' Mary said. 4. 'The sun rises in the east,' she said. 5. 'He broke the window,' she said. 6. 'We've never been on holidayabroad,' they said. 7. Mum says, 'Dinner is ready.' 8. 'I'll start cooking at six o'cloclg' she said.
9.
'We went to the supermarket yesterday,' he said. Mrs Jones says, 'My daughter is going to have a baby.' I l. 'You're never going to get a job,' Dan always says. 12. 'Fish live in water,' he said. 10.
24 .
'T ony was practising the violin last night,' his father paid'
308
13. 'We went to the beach last weekend,' they said.-
309
14.'He showed me his photographs,' she said' 15. 'I'm working on my project now,' Billy, said. , 16. 'They'll go shopping tomorrow,' she said' l7' 'we have never been to a circus'l she said' l8:'They are watching a film on TV now,' she said-
r :r
20.'I'll
l
:
2l . 'I didn't understand the meaning of the film,' he said.
:':
22.'You can come to me if you have any problems,'
25.'She doesn't understand,' he said. (uptd-date reporting) 26.'I will not repeat this again,l he said to us. (out-of-date reporting) 2'7.'I'm afraid I can't come,' he said to:nie. (up.to-date reporting) 28. 'If I finish it this wening, we 'll go out '' he said to her. (out-of{ate reporting) 29. 'I saw him yesterday but he didn't recognise'me,' she said. (up-to-date reporting) 9. Complete the following letter. The words in direct speech are given at the foot'of the letter, 26 Chestnut Avenue, Reading. March 23rd.
DearMary, This is just a note - since I never see you these days - to let you know that I met our old friend George Brown the other day, just as I was coming out of
'seaweed grows in the sea,' the teacher said to the students'
The teacher said to the students/ told the'students (that)
seaweed
the station. I hardlyiecognised him at first because he's changed so much. He told me that ... (t) ana ... (2). However, he's quite better now. Did you know he had left Reading? He told me ... (3) and .:. (4). He.teaches History and English in a Secondary Modern School - I forget exactly where in London and seems to like it, though he says ... (5). He asked after yout. I told him ... (6)- He asked to be remembered to you2 and said . . . (7), so I expect you'll be hearing from him shortly. Yours sincerely, Peter
a.
cinema,' she said. (upto-date reporting) any more,' he said to me. (out-of-date reporting)
.
4.', orting)'
6.'
7.', 8. 'You should make a deoision,' he said to us. 9. "You can ask John for advice"' she said. (upto-date reporting) 10. 'I'll pick you up at five o'clock,' he said to her. 11.
The words in direci speech were:
,The meeting started ten minutes ago,' she said. (up-to-date reporting)
12.'It's time for lunch,' Ruth saYs. 13.
t4.
15. 16. said to us.
rQortinC)
the teaCher
"
17. 'China is a densely populated country,' she said. oC,' he said. 18. 'Water freezes below 0 19. 'I was reading the childrcn a storylastnightwhenthe lights we,ntou!'she said.
310
him.(out-of-
'I saw the frlm you recommended last night,', he said to her. 24.'I'm going to Spain next week,' he said. (out-of-date reporting)
8. Turn the following sentences into repotted speech.
5.'
'
23.
.
2.' 3. '
'
she said to
date reporting)
, 'i, 19. 'Penguins can't fly,' he said. . . 20. 'Mammals feecl their babies on milk,' the teach. er said. 21.'The sun sets in the west,' he said. 22."Itwtllbe sunny tomorrow,' he says, 23.'They visited the zoo lastweek,' he said. 24. 'She dropped the vase on theflqor,' Tony said. 25. 'The Earth moves round the sunr' the teacher said. 26.'He's studying for an exdm,' she said, 27.'We haven't seen Tom for'two weeks,' she said' 28. 'I've put the washing in the washing-machin:,' Rose said' 29.'Agtraffe is bigger than a mouse,' he said. 30. 'There is no one at home,' he said' 31. 'I haven't phoned my uncle since last monthr' she says. 32.'Hetook the money to the bank this morning,' she said. l.
help you to repair your car tomorrow,' he said to me. (out-of-date
reporting)
-
I I
')
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
'I 'I 'I 'I 'I
ryas seriously
ill lastyear.'
had to spend several months in hospital.'
now work in London.' only come down at weekends to seb my parents.' hated it at first.'
:,She's gefting married this summer.'
'I'll write to her soon.' Notice how these words were reported: I 'How's Mary?'
2
'Please remember me to her.'
311
When I v/.ls younger, I hadn't enough.money to go out for an evening like that. Now I can afford it but I haven't got the energy to stay up so late. h) Ask and answer questions ubout the Grammar: Review of tenses. Participle. Articles
texl
... when the train was due. 12. How did they react when 13. I haven't... anything abouthimyet. 14. She'dbeen seeing the boy for a while, but didn't want her parents ... . 15. I'... exactly how you feel. 11. Grace telephoned
Text 1: A Visit to the Theatre
Mr Ford: Both my wife and I
text
l. Can you ... what time the meeting starts? 2. I ... where he was hiding. 3. I ... o{ her arrival from a close friend. 4. You ... about Amanda's baby, don't you? 5. Go and ... whether your timetable has been changed. 6. We only... who the new teacher was a few days ago. 7..1 didn't ... what he was talkitrg about. 8. We were surprised ... that she had got married again. 9. I asked the secretary... when I could see the dean. 10. I... a lot from my father.
Part A a) Read the
c) Retell the
2. FiA ra.'learn, find out or kn-ow in the correctform.
Topic: Going out. Entertainment. Theatre/Conbert Communication: Suggestions and invitations. Likes and dislikes. Opinions. Agreeing and disagreeing
I.
tut
they... the news? are keen on theatre. We go to the theatre when-
ever we can. But before we decide to buy tickets, we like to know something about the play. When a new play opeirs, we usually read the review in our newspaper to find out what the critic thinks.
3. Complete the sentences using at the end or in the end. . of the day he'll have to make his own decision . 2. He tried various jobs and ... he became an accountant. 3. ... of the film I felt very sad. 4. We couldn't decide what to do yesterday. ... we decided to stay at home. 5. They are golng to Italy ... of next week. 6. I looked ever5nvhere for my wallet and ... I found it in my pocket. T.Ihated school at first, but ... I quite enjoyed it. 8. Ann is coming to see us ... of May. 1.
Last week a ngw comedy opened at the Hippodrome. The newspaper report said it was very amusing, so we decided to go on Saturdaynight.
My wife took a long time to make up her mind what to wearand we left our house a little late, so we came to the theatre five minutes before the show began. We presented our tickets to the usherette and she took us to our seats which were in the fifth row in the stalls. The house was packed, but we had booked our tickets in advance, so we had good seats fiom which we could see every part of the stage.
1
1
4. Use the inftnitives from the following list and trunslate the sentences into Russian.
Both my wife and I enjoyed the performance. The cast was good, the characters seemed quite real, the scenery was beautiful. At the end of each act we applauded enthusiastically to the actors. However my wife was a bit disappointed because her favourite actress wasn't in the cast. But we both agreed that the review in the newspaper had been right. It was a very entertaining comedy. It was really worth seeing.
..
tofollow, to laugh at, to do, to ssy, to speak to, tit read, towaste
l.
Packing was the fust thing ..; .2. You see I have no time ... 3. This is just the man ... .4. She will always find something ... . 5. She had very little ... . 6. These are the letters ... . 7. These are the rules ... 5. Translate into English.
There were two intqrvals during which I went to the lobby and smoked. The final curtain fell at about eleven o'clock.
1. Onn flp[e3xaror B KoHue MecflIa. 2. 9, turatacb HecKoJrbKo pa3 Io3BoHnrbcr Ao Hee, Ho B KoHqe KorrrloB MHe nprururocb gbe3Anrb x nefi. 3. Bga-
After the play was over; we met some.friends we hadn't seen for a long time. They wanted to go to a night club. It had been many years since my wife and I went dancing but I frnally agreed. By the time we got home, it was about two o'clock in the moming. I never stay out so late and I was extremely tired.
.rare:MHe BerIepI{HKa He HpaBl,Inacb, Ho B Kolrqe cralo BeceJIo: 4. 3soHlrre MHe B Jro6oe BpeMr. 5. Bcmuft ptt3, Kor4a { ero BriDKy, oH crrpau[Baer o re6e..6. fl rrywwla frerueHr{e noexarb n Kpurrr Bo BpeMr ornycKa. 7. Ilocrapaficr pasy:uarb, KorAa oHu rrpr{e3}Kiuor. 8. .f, He Mory ce6e nossorr.rrb Ky-
3t2
313
I
i AOpoIyO MaIuuHy. 9. KOrla ypoK 3aKoIItILIJIct, MbI IIOIITIH Ha [nt)K. 10. -f rOrosl411acb K gK3iIMeIry U gSIOAIUI He JIOXIdiIaCb C[aTb. I I ' MOr' qTo oHlI He MaMa He pa3peruaeT MHe rynf,Tb AOnO3AHa. 12. ott cKa3uIJl, r y3Hana.o 13. KorAa yHl'IBepcI4TeT. BclpeqaJu,Icb c Tex nop, KaK 3aKOHtIllJII'I y yrpoM Meru ypoK ee qpne3Ae, .s cpa3y xe efi no3BoHlt4ll;a,. 14. B naruutry rrr4Tb TaKyIo
tlroobl ynaKoBarb $paruryrcxoro r3brKa, 15. Y ueHx yruJro MHoro BpeMeHu, t{ro qbMoAaHbL 16. Ha Hefi 6ruo ua BeqepI'IHKe? 17. -fl nrlurol H3 AoMa c He6oJlbrinlM olo3AaHI4eM I{ oIIo3Aan Ha aBTo6yc. 18. 3ro 6nu upesnu'ra'fino r,rHTepecHblf r[ranrrvr. 19. On COHlaCnJIct ngMorlb rvrHe. 20, Y tr{eHs HeAOcTaroqHo BpeMeHI,I, tITo6bI cMorperb Syr6onrHHfi }aaTr' 21' OHa uoer AocraroqHo xopouo.22. O:fIa AocraroqHo yMHa, q-to6bl floHtrb sro' 23' fl se 3Haro, rrro noAapr{-rb gr Ha AeHb poxA€Hr,rf. 24. fl. 6ltria HecKoJIbKo pa3oqapoBaHa, KOrAa y3Hana, qTo oH He upI{AeT. 6. Say a few words about 7. a) Read
yout last visit to the theatre.
8. Choose the correctform ofthe participle.
l. Here is fte fax (receiving, received) yesterday. 2. Everything (writing, written) here is quite right. 3. The girl (writing, written) on the blackbbard is out best pupil. 4; Do you know thb boy (come, coming) towards us? 5. The (losing, lost) keys were not found. 6. The (losing, lost) team will not get the prize. 7. I don't like the video (buying, bought) yesterday. 8. The question (discussing, discussed)rat the meeting was very iniportant. 9. The girl (washed, washing) the floor is my siSter. 10. The floor (wa5hing, washed) by Helen is very clean. I l. She picked_ up the (breaking, broken) cup. 12. Who is the boy (do. ing, done) his homework at that table? 13. The exeicises (doing; done) by the pupils were very easy. 13. She was reading'the book (buying, bought) the day' before. 14.'The (singing, sirng) girlis Mikd's cousin. 15. We like the songs (singing, sung) by this singer. 9. Rephrase the
following sentences using Participle I.
e.g. When he was doin! his homework, he was thinking hard. Doing his he-was thinking hard.
the text
lromework
Text 2: Unforgettable Moments
l.
Have you ever been to a rock concert? I went to one last saturday at Pinecrest, a public park near Bath, and it l,vas fanJastic. It was an all-day event with six different bands, including The Runriers, my favourite group' It was only nine o'clock in the morning when I got there, so.I watched as they set up the speakers for the sound system. One of ttie men working there even asked me to help, so I ran over and gave him a hand. The concert started at eleven o'clock and since I had helped earlier I was allowed to sit at the edge of the stage. I was almost close enough to touch the
I
was walking through the park, I saw some flowers. 2. When he was correcting th_e students' test papers, the teacher underlined the mistakes with a red pencil. 3. When she was going down the stbps, she suddenly stopped as she remembe;ed that she had left the gas buming. 4. When you speak English, When
pay attention to the. order of words. 5. Be carefirl when you are crossing a street. 6, You must have a lot of practice when you ar€ learning to spgak a foreign language. 7. When they were travelling in Cental Africa, they met a lot of wild animals. 8. When you are leaving the.room, don't forget to switch offthe light. Complete the sentencesusizg could or was/were allowed to. Sometimes either form is possible. 10.
l. Andrew... leave school early yesterday because he wasn't feeling well. 2.Until the lgth centuq/, people ... travel freely between most countries without a passport.3. Sue's children... watch the film on TV last night. Walking home,:I felt exhausted, but also delighted that I had had ttre qhance to see my favourite band and talk to Eddie in front of five thsusand people' b) Ask and answer queStions aboat the
314'
texl
c) Retell the
4. Her son has to wear a uniform in his new school, but in his old school he ... wear whatever he liked. 5. I ... see him for a few momenti yesterday. 6. I ... borrow my parents' car last night. 7. When I was 18, I ... borrow my parents' car whenever I wanted to.
text 315
11. Translate into English"
Part B
1. Ilepexogr qepe3 Mocr, a ncrperrul cBoero ABoIopoAHoFo 6para.2' Otta cMorpIIT Ha crapynKy, cI{[tIIS/Io Bo3rle KaMI{Ha. 3- Yqrrrelr BHI{MarerbHo npoqrrralr coqrltreHlrt, HaIrlcaHHhIe yraurmrncr. 4. Oxulag rpaMBat' tpnAeJr cBoero oAHoKlaccH[Ka. 5. Bor renerpaMila, noJr]ry€Hrraf, uuofi. 6. floIyrlafl TenerpaMMy, OH:a6rU 1OCTaBI,IT6 IIOAII,IC6. 7. Malrqux B31II KHItry, JrexaBurFo Ha croJle. 8. Y uenr 6lua ruta, Il, MHe pa3pelullnu [epeceqb
p pa3pe[raerc{.rloJlb3oBarbcr clonaleu TbI, I{ f, paA, qm oH rloMor une. 12' fl' rpaHr{rry. 9.
llocne aBapnlr 9[dy
He
' BaM t pa6oKaK
t
'
Sndy and practise ihefollowing conversations Do the
(Nick dials the ntrmber. Helen answers the call.)
Helen: Hello!
sxaer Qparurygcxufi rgur. OH Aaxe HeMHoro roBopm no-flnoHcKl{. 19. OHa
Nick
x
20' A6rl.lr B Bocropre or roro, qro MHe yAanogr nocrryuraTLsToro rreBrla. 21.3a yrnoM norBlrncs asroMo6ltns.22. A
ADKq Tpacl{Bee, qeM ee cecrPa.
qenuf
AeHb 3aIII{MaJIacr y6opxOfi KBaprl{pbr; LI B KOHUg AIIfl ltrlH€Mora;1a oT ycTanocrr{. 23. Tst He lloMoxeulb MHe c {euoAaHaruu? Onu c.rururKoM TDKe-
Helen:
Well, I've beetr trying to get connegted with you for nearly ten minutes and ...
Helen: But what's wrong? The line wasn't Helen:
Nick
Helen:
Nick
12. Answer the questions
Nick
sort of music do you like? 2. Are you fond of pop music? What about classical music? 3. Do you often go to concerts? 4. Have you ever been to a rock concert? If you have, rvtat was it like? 5. Who is the most popular composer in your countr5/? What.music did he compose? 6. Which is your favour-
Nick
ita kind of.entertainment?
Thank God; is that you, Helen? Sure, that's me, Nick, darling. You sound a bit annoyed. Is anything the matter?
Nick
JIbIC.
l. What
thatlollow
A Tetephone Conversation
6uc'rpo HaIueJI rryxryo KoMHaly. 13. Haur nonrrfi AoM HaxoAr,trcr prAoM co ruronoft..Ja.,9ra nbcH.t Hacror-' rqufi xur. 15. .f qyacrBonal ce6s ycr:lrlblM, KorAa BepHyncr Aoruofi' 16. B BbrxoAHhre Mbr eAeM 3a ropoA. Trr ne xoqeu6 K HaM npl{coenunrrrcr? 17. B cy66ory t 6:un Ha BeqePnrKe. Mu xoPouo noBecenluucr. 18. Moft 6par 6rtsan raM paHblue,
exercises
the conversations.
Nick
HeoAr,roKparHo
Conversation Practice
Helen: Helen: Helen:
Nick Helen:
engaged, I hope?
Yes, it was. Besides, I got the wrong number several times. Oh, Nick, I'm so sorry! That's all right now. I say, Helen, have you got anything special on tonight? No, notreally. Wh/ I suggest our going to the theatre. I'd love to. What are we going to see? I've got two tickets for 'Lady Windermere's Fan' by Oscar Wilde. It's the fust night. Oh, it's at the Maly Theatre, isn't it? I have heard the play is worth seeing. It is staged very well. The scenery is simple, but good and the acting is splendid. And what about the seats? I hope they are not in the balcony or in the gallery? Oh, dear, no. They are in the dress-cirle-, box 5. Let's hope we'll enjoy ourselves. Will you call for me or shall we meet at the theatre?
Nick: Helen:
Nick: Helen: 316
I'd ralher call for you. I don't like waitin!
and you take such a long time to get ready. Sb I do. But I love to look smart when I go to the theatre. All right, then. I'll call for you at 5.30, so we'll have plenty of time to get to the theate before the perforrrance starts. That suits me perfectly. I'll be waiting for you. And, oh, Nick! Thank you ever so much for your invitation.
317
Nick
That's all right, dear. See you tonight.
pensive. ... most theatres and music halls have popular conductors.
Helen: Bye-bye! A. Questions
1. Why does Nick phone Helen? 2. Why does he sound a bit annoyed? 3. What performance does he invite Helen to see? 4. Has he booked the tickheard about the play? 6. W-here are theii seats? or will they meet at the theatre? 8. Why does Nick B. Tianslste into English Mecra B rearpe - n udprepe fi 6enb3rar(e, gro caMble Aoporne Mecra. Mecra na 6anroue I{ rarlepKe xyxe u AeIueBJIe. 2. fl.6st fly.Iure rrouula B KoHcepBaroplro ceroAH.E, B nporpaMMe npoI,I3BeAeHurI MoI,D( rtto6uvrx KoMuo3rITopos. 3, Mrr noJryqLInH 6oluuoe yAoBonbcrBlile or Beqepa, on 6rtl xopouo 6prannsoaan. 4. Braxrop npeAroxun gaftru sa Anefi nopanuue. Oua BcerAa raK AoJrro co6upaerc.r. 5. Pexuccep npegroxIln, qro6u rnaBlrylo ponb A:rnu nynueft ax'rpuce. 6. ,{eropaqnn n stofi ofiepe'npocro BenI,IKoJIenHbr. T.Ilurtut 6ura samra, rI y MeHfl yltulo oKono qaca Ha to, vto6rt cu3arlcr c HrrM. K rorray x(e .f, ABa pa3a HenpaBllnruo ua6par HoMep. 8. Ilocrryuraft, [2moH! Tu ynngurur Anny cero4Hr? - \a, Mbr BcrperuMca s rury6e. floxarryficra, flonpoclr ee [o3BoHr4TE tune. . KoHe.tto. 9. Tu Kaxe.rubct HecKoJrbKo pa3ApaxeHHblrra. Ilro-ro crIy.IruIocr? 10..f, ne cvoi ryurarr 6uleru
l. Jlyrune
Ha 9TOT CrreKTaKJIb 3apaHee, HO MHe yAanocb AocTaTb
xopolllne MecTa B Kac-
ce rearpa. 11. 3afiau 3a uHofi, rorAa nofiAeIIIb Ha KaroK. 12. Mu cLIAeJILI B 6enreraxe u xoporuo BUTeJIIT cqetry. 13. Bcrperlarract y rearpa n 7? - Xopouro. 3ro MeHr BIToJIHe ycrpalrBaer. [o cxopofi Bcrpeqn. 14. 9epes Mectu B sToM rearpe 6yaer eule oAHa [peMbepa. 15. B qeu Aelo? Trt ourtr ono3Aara. - l4zsunn> u cera He Ha ror aaro6yc. 16, fl.6ttn B groM My3ee ABDKArI, oH cror,rr roro, .rro6rr ero nocerl{Tb. 17. Trr 6rr xorena cxoAI,ITb a qlpr? - C yAoBonbcrBr,rev. -f, ne 6u-ua n ql{pKe cro ner. C.
FiIl in articles if necessary. Retell the texl
... theatres
are very much
...
same in London as anywhere else; ..,. main thea-
tres, mu.sic halls and cinemas are in . . ., West End. If you are staying in London for ... few days, you will have no diffrculty whatever iri finding somewhere to spend ... evening. You will find. ... opora, ... comedy, ... drama,.... variety, ... cinema performances.start at about eight or .... half past, and finish about eleven.
... best seats are those in ... stalls, in ... dress circle and upper circle' Then comes ... pit and ..r. last of all ... gallery. ... boxes, of course, are more ex318
... good orchestras with...
The opera house is at Covent Garden. There you get -.. best ofeverything: ... first rate orchestra, ... famous singers and ... celebrated conductors. But, of course, if you are not fond of ... music, this won't interest you. At ... West
End theatres you can see ... most of ... famous English actors and actresses. . . . plays are staged well. Choose . . . good play, and you'll enjoy yourself from ... moment ..,. cudain goes up, to ... end of ... last act. Get your seat beforehand either at... box office of ... theatre itself orat one of ... agencies.
Roleplay 1.' Phone your friend and invite himlher to see a performance that you think is worth seeing. Booking Seats
fora Conced
Peter:
Hello? Is that the concert hall? Booking clerk: Yes, speaking. Peter: I'd like to book some tickets for the concert on Saturday, please.
clerk
How many would you like? Two, please. Two seats together. Booking clerk: Well, the stalls are sold out, but we have a few in the circle. Peter: I see. What time is the performance? Booking clerk Eight o'clock. Peter: Is there a matinee? Booking clerk No. Peter: Well, can I book nvo tickets? Booking clerk Sorry, we don't take telephone bookings. Can you come to the box office? Peter: Oh, all right. Thank you. Booking
Peter:
Booki ng T heatre .T i c kets Booking
clerk
Caller:
Apollo Theatre.
Hello. I'd like to book a seat for the Tuesday evening perfonrrance, please.
Booking'clerk: Stalls or circle? Caller: Well, how much are the tickets? Booking clerk: f,I1.40, f,9.30 or f.7. Caller: I'll have one seat at I 1.40, please. Booking clerk: What name is it, please? Caller: Kovalsky. K-O-V-A-L-S-K-Y. Booking clerk Can you come and pickup your ticket tomorrow, please?
319
Caller:
Yes, all right. Thank you very much.
Booking
Thankyou.
clerk
6omunncrse rearpoB uupa. 10. Kaxrae eure arcrepbr nprunMaror ) rasrre (urparor) B sroM cneKraKre? 11. Hau Hyxr{o eule rpn 6ruera Ha 3Tor c[erraxnt. 12. Auna npe4roxura noflrn n 6yQer Bo BpeM.rr [epephrBa: 13. Koraa Bbr upr{xoAr,rre B Tearp, Bbr ocraBJrrere rralrbro n rapaepo6e. Taru xe Bbr Moxere B3rrb 6unour ra [porpaMMKy. 14.Menr oqeirr nosaSaBnnn rproru
Roleplay 2.' You are free today and you feel like going to the theatre. Phone the box office and book a ticket for an evening performance at the Drama Tlieatre.
KroyHa. 15. Mne HacKytrnn crIeKTaKJIb, tI
Afteithe Pertormance Alice: Jane:
Alice: Jane:
Alice: Jane:
Alice:
Jane:
Well, how did you find the perforrnance? The cast was just excellent No.wonder, with so many stars in it. You can call it an all-star cast. N's acting impressed me greatly. He is always very good, but tonight he was at his best. Don't you think so?
Final Discussion
l.
enjoyed the last scene of the second act when he finds out the tmth about his brother. His acting was very convincing. The actress who played his wife was not bad either,,was she? I think she was not quite natural. There was sqrnerhing stilted about her acting. Was there? I'm afraid I can't agree with you. And did you like the very much to tlre success of the per-
formance.
I'm very thanlfirl to you for this lovely evening. After all, it was your
Alice:
idea to see the play. Noth'ing to speak of.
Are you keen on theatre?
on the day of the perfonnance? 5. What performance did you see? 6 Who was in the cast? 7. Did you know the actori or did you leam their names frsm the theatre programme? 8. How did you find the acting? 9. Did you like t}e costumes and the scenery? 10. Was the house full? ll. Could you see the stage well from your seat? 12. Do you enjoy opera and ballet? 13. Do you sometimes go to the.Opeia and Ballet House? 14. What opera (ballet) did you see there last? 15. Did you enjoy it? 16. What did you like in particular: the music, the singing, the dancing, the sets? 17. Have you ever been to the Botr shoi Opera and Ballet House? 18. What do you think of the cast at ffre Bolshoi? 19. What is your favourite theatre? 20. What kincl of performances are staged there? 21. What do you like that theatre for? 22. Who is yourfavowie actor? 23. Which of her (his) roles did you like best of all? 24. Is theatr becoming more or less popular today? 25. Which do you prefet cinerna or fhea-
scenery?
Jane:
Answer the questions.
2. lilhat kind of iheatres do you like best? 3. When did you last go to the theatre? 4. Did you book a ticket in advance or
l.
I agree. I greatly
Alice: It was splendid. It conhibuted
t BhIKJIIoqIIuI TeneBl,ttop.
Roleplay 3.' In pairs, share your impressions of the performance you've just seen. There are some things you liked and didn't like about the performance.
tre? Why? 26.Do cinema and theatre have an educational role?
Translate into English"
2. Speak on:
l. Buepa M6r cMorpenu rroByro rrbecy B rearpe KoueArau. Cnercraxlr npouen c 6onbtnuM ycnexoM. InanHue ponr{ ucrroJrnfllrlr MonoAbre aKTepbr. Vcnexy cneKTaKJUr cnoco6crsoeirnil npeKpacHbre AeKopaunr. 2. A 6u xorela nocMorperb HoByro nbecy B Tearpe [parrrrr. - fouopar, Ha Hee tpyAHo Aocrarb 6rareru. - A qro ecJrr{ Mbr nonpo6yeu 3ar(a:rarb }D( 3apaHee no reneQoxy? Xoporuar MbrcJIb. \ar;air nonpo6yerr,r. 3. fiayafi KyrLrM nporpaMMrry. I,Inre-
a) your last visit to the theatre. b) the performance that impressed you greatly. c) your favourite theatre.
pecHo, KTo ceroArur 3arrrr B cneKTaK;re. 4. Or.uru oKa3aJrcr HaMHoro yBneKaTeJrbrree, qeM o HeM rrncaJru Kprrrr{Kr{. 5. Haxoueq ee MeqTa ocy[recrBnnacb, oHa [ocMorpena "Jle6eAnsoe o3epo" s BonrmoM Tearpe. VI yyzuxa, u vtcnoJIHeHHe rIpoLBBenI{ Ha Hee orpoMrroe sue.rdrreHze. Ona AasHo MeqraJra
B Eoruurou rearpe. 6. Ilreca 6rura rarar c$ rH,u. Mrr yuuu us TeaTpa, KoIAa oHa elrle He KoHrrrrrJraQb. 7. Mst ci{oIJIu AocTaTb 6ulerrr ronrKo noroMy, rrro KTo-To or Hrlx orKa3aJrcr. 8. flo 4opore B Tearp r BcrroMHr{Jr, r{To ocraBr,r,Jr 6rurerrr.qoua. 9. flrecy Bepnap4a IIIoy "flnruanuoH" craBlr s
no6rrsarr
320
Ifso, what?
Group work I )
1. You know that A. is fond of theatre. He / She casually mentions thal klshe was at the theatre at the weekend. You ask him/,her all sorts of questions about his / her likes and dislikes as far as theafi'e is coircenred. You alss want to know about the last perforrnance he/she saw.
2. Discuss the theatres in your city, ite actors and actresses. Share'your some time ago.
113r.2510
32t
Reported statements and questions III
ustrative Situations
1. Reporting verbs used to report
statements:
conveying information - say, tell, inform; promise - promise; explanation explain; qgreement - agree; refusal - refuse; denial - deny; canfession - aonfess,' admit; assurance - assurre; can ouncement - announce; declaration - declare; complaint . complaini answer. answer, reply additional remark - add; casual remark - remark and others.
. 1
. .
.
(:
inquire)
-'I bought a new camera yesterday.' She said (that) she had bought a new camera the day before. 'The hot dogs are delicious. You're a great cook.' She told me (thaf) the hot dogs were delicious and that I was a great cook. 'The results will come out tomorrow.' He infonned us that the results would come out the next day. 'Yes, I'll lend you the money.' He agreed to lend me the money. 'Yes, it's a big house.' He agreed that it was a big house. -
. .
'No, f won't call her.' He refused to call her. "
'Of course I'll pay you.' He promised to pay me. (He promised that he would pay me.)
'That's how it works.' He explained to us how it worked. 'I don't like him because he is rude.' She explained that she didn't like him because he was rude. '!'ll let you know about my arrival. I'll sendyou a telegram.' She said that she would let me know about her arrival and added that she would sendme a telegram. 'The weather is fine.' 'Yes, it is.' He remarked that the weather was fine and she agreed with him.
322
It was announced that trre exriin ,, '.I'mi:tlove with her.:
*6liid'ifheia
iilt
tim zb:"'''
I
'
her.
: He declared that he was in love with I,'Harad you had any experience? Why do.yourwant this,job?l:',-:,' :',,
i
' The manager asked Eric iflwhethsr he.had had any Experierice. He also asked him why he wanted the job. 'How much did you pay for the car?' He wanted to know how much I had paid for the car. 'Shall I be able to pass my exam?l
2. Reporting verbs used to report questions: ask; wonder; want to know; enquire
'I'm sure you'll win the cup.' He assured us that we would win tho cup. 'No,-I didn't take it! [ wasn't even there!' He denied taking it. 'Yes, I gave away your secret,' He admitted (confessed) (tQ'giviriSafiay fny Sdcret:' 'I have noisy neighbours.' He complained of having noisy.neiglrbciurs: : '' 'The exam will be held in Room 2Q.'
She wondered iflwhether she would be able to pass her exam. 'When does the I-ondon train leave?' She enquired when the London train left.
Piactice
I.
Complete the following sentences.
l. Mr Smith has just complained to me that ... ('Your children make too much noise, Mrs Jones.') 2. When he had given us our instructions, he added that ... ('What I have just told you is confidential.') 3. When.the police came to arrest him, he swore that ... ('I'm not the man you'r€ looking for.') 4. After thinking the matter over, Mary agroed... ('It's not worth the trouble.') 5. That's the first time I've ever heard George confess that ... ('I've made a
mistake.') 6. Much to our suryirise, Bill rang up yesterday and announced . . . ('I've just got married.') 8. The last time the Browns came to see .us, my husband refused ... ('I won't speak to them.l) 9. He wrote back, ans_wering that ... ('I can't accept your invitation.') 10. I told Fred ... but he assured me that . . . ('I don't like the idea.' 'There's nothing to worry abgut.l) 1 I . Iive just had a letter from the hotel confinning ... ('We havg reserved a room for you.') 12. Aftr-r that incident, Maly declared that ... ('I'll never speak to Tom again.') 13. Peter was very late. tte explained thai ... ('I missid the train.') 14. When I saw Helen, she mentioned that ... ('My husband's got a new job.') 15. I invilod HE1ry to thg parff but he rgplied thrt .., ('tlm.too bu.sy.,)
323
16. I've just had a letter from my bank manager, informing me ... (lThere's no money in your account.') 17. Mary admitted that ... but she denied that ... ('I saw the accident. But I didn't cause it.') 18. We had just sat down to dinner when we heard someone shout ... ('The hotel's caught fire.') 19. He argued for nearly an hour that . . . ('I need more money.') 20. All summer Peter boasted tha! ...'('I'll pass the examination easily.') 21. Then he gotvery an: gry and threatened ... ('I'll resign.') 22. She said ... and promised ... ('I must be off.' 'I may look in to see you tonight.')
-
Dick No, I didn't. 7. John: Will you be having a meeting at 5.00?
Sam: Yes. 8. Tom: Must you leave at once? Alicti:: I'm afraid I must. 9. George: Are you still busy? Steve: Yes, I am. 10. Mr Dobson: Is there a hotel in the town? Mr Bridge: Yes, there is. 11. Donald: Have you written to your parents? Mike: No, I haven't. 12. Mrs Robinson: May I use your phone? Mrs Shorl Certainly. 13. Mr White: Have you seen this man before? Mrs Lee: No, I haven't. 5. Report the
2. Last night Barbara interyiewed a famous writer. She asked her the following questions. Turn them into.reported. speech-
6. 'Have you travelled to many exotic places?' 7. 'Who is your favourite author?' 8. lWhich actors would you like to star in a film based on one of your books?' 9. 'What is your latest book called?'
It's time to start. Have you packed everything? John told Mary it was time to start and asked whether she had packed everything.
l. NicWictor: I'm learning French. Can you speak French? 2. Jack/Helen: I took an interesting book in out' library. Do you want to read it? 3. Mr Black/his wife: I've been waiting for you for an'hour. When'will you be ready? 4. Peter/his sister: I must write some letters. What date is it? 5, Ben/\4ary: I don't like that jacket. Do you like it? 6. Jack/his brother: Mike was at home in the evening. Did you phone him?
b) HarryiDonald: Where are the Greens spending their holiday? They usually go to the seaside.
3.
Yesterday, Marion met a coiple who were on holiday in London. They were looking qt a map. She asked them some questions. Turn them into reported questions. 1. 'Are you lost?'
2.' Canyou
.
speak English?' 3. 'Where ar€ you from?' 4. 'Is your hotel near here?' 5. 'Where do you want to go?' 6. 'Were you looking for Big Ben?' 7.'Have you been to the British Museum?' 8, 'Have you visited Buckingham Palace?' 9. 'Do you like London?'
4. Turn the following into reported speech, e.g. Alex: Are you tired, Bob? Bob: Yes, I am.
Alex asked Bob iflwhether he was tired. Bob said (that) he was.
l. Bill: Are you going away for the weekend? Dick: No. 2.Harry: Can you swim? George: Yes, I.can. 3. Sam: Do you play tennis? Mary: No, I don't. 4. Mr White: Have you got a car? Mrs Parker: Yes, I have. 5. Ruth: Did you eqioy the play, Sarah? Sarah: Yes. 6. Paul: Did you leave Mary a message? 324
sentences.
a) John/Mary:
l.
'Do you enjoy being a writer?' 2.'What wag your first book about?' 3. 'How many books have you written?' 4.'Have any of your bools been bestsellers?' 5. 'Do you do a lot ofresearch for your books?'
following
Harry asked Donald where the Greens were spending their holiday and added that they usually went to the seaside. 1. Jack/Lucy: What time is it? My watch has stopped. 2.Mary/her sister: Why
don't you want to phone Helen? She's always ready to help. 3. The teacherlAlex: Why can't you answer at once? You are' always so sloiv. 4. Mike/\{ick: What suit will you take? I'd like to have the grey one. c) BarbaraiKate: Where do you live? Do you get to work by bus? Barbara asked Kate where she lived and whether she got to work by bus.
l. Jane/Mary: Where did you buy your coat? Did it cost much? 2. Mike/tlelen: When are you leaving? Wilt anybody see you of? 3. Johnlhis brother: When will you be free? Will you be able to help me with my maths? 4. John/his brother: When did you see Peter? Did you speak to him? 6.
Report the fohowing dialogues.
e.g. Mr Brown: Why are you so late? Mrs Brown: I'vp been shopping. I bought you a nice pair of shoes.
Mr Brown asked his wife why
she was so late. She answered (said, told him) that she had been shopping and added that she had bought him a nice pair of shoes.
325
l.
Jack:
Will you fly to London?
I'll go by train. Can we still get tickets to the game? Bob: I've already bought them. 3. Teacher: Bobby, wha! is the capital of Australia? Steve:
2
No,
Fred:
Bobby: 4. Mike:
Boris: 5. Jane:
Grammar: Clauses of purpose. Verbals.,Be + to-infinitive
sure, but I think it's Sydney., Where will the next chess match take place?
I'm not
It hasn't been decided yet. Will we be able to visit the Air and Space Museum and
Topic: Travelling by train
Part A the
1. a) Read the text
Natural History Museum, too? Father: 6. Alex: Jane: 7. Jane:
Ann: Jane:
We will ifwe leavi the hotel before l0 o'clock tomorrow moming. What are you doing?
Textl: Linda Goes to Liverpool
I'm drawing a picture.
a young journalist, had an interview and got job with the EBC (the English Broadcasting Company).
A few months ago, Linda Blake,
Where are yog going, Ann? I'm on my way to the market. Do you want to come with me? I'd like to, but I have to stay at home. I have a lot of work to do.
a
j I 't:
jI {
1
Last Monday when she came to work the secretary told her that her boss, Robert Wilson, the director of educational programmes, wanted to see her, so Linda went straight into his office.
R.Wilson told her that on the following day she was to go to Liverpool on business. Linda had very little time and there were so many things to do. Firstly, she had to do some paperwork to get ready for her business trip. Secondly, she had to book a ticket and pack her things.
{
ul
I I
)
dl I
r { { 1
1
She phoned up the railway booking office and inquired about the timetable and tickets. A clerk replied that there were tickets for the 10 o'clock train. It arrived in Liverpool at 4.00. It suited Linda all right, so she booked a single ticket for Tuesday.
On Tuesday she arrived at the station an hour before the departure. On her arrival at the station she went to the reservations desk to collect her ticket. Then she bought some newspapers and a magazine at the newsagent's and went to the waiting room to wait for her train. She was reading a newspaper when she heard the loudspeaker: 'Attentibn, please! The train to Liverpool departs from platform I.' She put the newspaper she was reading into her case, got up and went to the platform. Her train hadn't arrived yet, so she stood on the platform watching the busy life of the railway station. A train was standing at one of the platforrns ready to leave. The porters were busy carrying luggage to the train or pushing it on their trucks. On another platform a train had just come in. Some passengers were getting out, others were getting in. At the cloakroom some people were leaving and taking their luggage. Five minutes later the train to Liverpool arrived. Linda was among the first to get into her carriage. She found a seat in a compartment that was full of middle-aged businessmen. One of them offered to put her case on the rack for
326
"327
her. Sh€ politely told him she could do it herself. The man started talking to ha after she had sat down. He was one of thrise boring types that go on talking even if nobody is interested. Whe& she casirally mentioned that she was going to Liverpool to do a report on the city, he began telling her all about the place. Several hours went by. He talked and talked. Linda hardly said anything. Finallythe train got into Liverpool The man kept on talking until the very last minute. Linda got up to go. fust then he invited her to a party. He said he would introduce her to all his friends ss that she could leam more about Liverpool. Linda politely refused and hurried oqt of the comparhent. She could.still hear the man's voice. He was talking to.someone else in the comparhnent and she happened to catch a
fewwoids.
'Nice girl,' he was saying. 'But you know she talked so much hardly put in a word.' b) Ask aud ansser questions about the 2. Make sentences, as
I
in the examples.
first (last, etc) + to-
off
the first/to greet himj the next/to start; the last/to board the the thfrd/to answ€r; tlre fint/to help me; the next/to sing; the last/to come
4. Trcnslate the sentences and mqke similar sentences.
l She happened to be out when we called. 2. You don't happen to know his nams, ds you? 3. I happened to meet him on the way to the offrce. 4. Today happens to be our wedding anniversary. 5. I just happened to ask him the time. 6. I happened to give him a lift. 5. Translate the sentences and make similar seiltences. 1. He said nothing but just went on working. 2. Go on talking! 3. She stopped for a while and then went on regding. 4. He kept (on) intemrpting me. 5. She
328
Ask und answer questiong, as in the
documents.
:
the; Iollowing
questions.
exumple,
.
,
A: What were your instnrctions about phoning Bill? B: I was to phone him at 6.00. What were yow instructions about
...
i
l. posting the documents? 2. meeting George? 3. seeing the agents? 4. starting? 5. opening the doors? 6.palng the workmen? 8.
Ioin
the
following sentences Do it, as in the example. e.g. She was excited. She couldn't speak. She was so excited that she could hardly speak.
l Our seats were far from the stage. We could not see the actors' faces well. 2: The scene was touching. Jane couldn't hide her tears. 3. It was very noisy in the hall. We didn't hear the speaker well. 4. The news is exciting. I cannot believe it. 5. The child is so active. He cannot sit still for a minute. 6. The patient is very weak. He cannot raise his hand. 7. Bill was €xtremely tired. He rose to his feet with great diffrculty. 8. I had a terrible headache. I couldn't continue my work. 9. Choose the correct word.' to rise
e.g. the first/to leave He'was the lust to leave.
keeps breaking cups. 6. He keeps losing
7.
text c) Retell the text
3. Make sentences using the word combination be the infinitive. Use the prompts below.
taiq
fmagine you are planning to go to Brest Answer
When are you to go to Brest? When is your train to arrive there? Who is to meet you at the station? Where are you to stay? How long are you to stay in Brest? What are you to do there? When are you to come back?
could
e.g. She sat at her desk writing a letter. I stood there wondering what to do next. He is lying in bed reading a novel. She was busy practising for the school concert.
ths last/to get
6.
-
to raise.
1. He ... his head when he heard a slight noise. 2. When we started, the sun had already ... . 3. There was a stom of applause when the curtain ... . 4. He ... his hat to greet us. 5. Ann_slowly ... to her feet. 6. It was very noisy and the reporter had to .:. his voice. 7 . T\e curtain wouldn't ... and we had to ... it. 8. Smoke was ... from the chimney. 9. The river has ... by several metres. 10. She .,.. the eun and fired.
10. FilI
in yet, still, more, another, other,
Russian
a.s
tteulett
else, which are translated into
l. Don't hurry. The perforrnance is not over ... .2.['d like to read something ... by this author. 3. What ... irhpression did you get there? 4. What ... did Jane say about the performance? 5. I've read two ... books by Dickens. 6. You'd better ask somebody ... .1.It is ... spring, but it is getting rather hot. 8. The theatre is going to stage ... play by this playunight. 9. How many ... English books have you got? 10. Fetch ... chair, please. I 1. What ... have 329
didn't want to be thirsty during the night. 4. Pierre is taking cocikery classes. He wants to be a chef. 5. Ann worked hard. She wanted to finish her report on time. 6. Debbie hid her diary. She didn't want anyone to read it. 7. We sat near the door. We wanted to leave early. 8. She wrote the date in her diary. She didn't want to forget it. 9. I went to bed early. I didn't warit to be tired the next day. I0. Jack is studying business at universiff.-He wants to get a good job. I l. Emma has booked a first-class ticket. She wants to havel in comfort. 12, He recorded the match. He wanted to watch it later. 13, She left some soup in'1fue fridge.'She wanted Jim toieat it later.
you seen in this ancient town? 12. He hasn't retumed from the South. He is ... there. 13. Please book two ... tickets for rne. 14. Will you oall ... time? 15. What ... things did you buy? 11. Translate into English.
l. fae eule MoxHo
[ocMorperb sry rnecy? 2. Mrr peulrJrr.r ycrponrb erue 6u xorelocr €ue qaruKy ro$e. 4. Eorocr, qro oH eule cnlrr. 5. Mrr 6orrucr o[o3Aarb, Ho c[eKTaIsIb errle He HarraJrcr. 6. Mne HyxHa erqe oAHa KHrrra rro ncropr{u rearpa. 7. 9eHecxoJrbKo BeqepoB na anrruftcxoM r3brKe. 3. Mne
pe3 Mecf,rl B 3roM Tearpe 6y.uer erue oAHa npeMbepa. 8. Kaxue exre aKrepbl rrpr,rnr,rMzuor yvacrue (urparor) B sroM cnerrarure? 9. ,{ox4r errle He nepecr:rJr, Ho norerrrreJro. 10. Brr Bce eue pa6oraere HaA AoKJraAou? - \a. -f, erue ne co6para Bcero rryxHoro Marepuarra. 11. Hau HyxHo €rqe rpr,r dwrcraua gror cneKTaKJrr. 12. Koro eule Bbr Bcrperlrrr[ n rearpe?
:
4
15. Translate into English.
l. fl, c'ros;lr u na6mogal, KaK flp]rxopr
r.r yxoA.rrr rroe3Aa. 2.'l[o npu6wruu n cron nerillr B KaMepe xpaneulix., 3. Tu: Tiyuaerlm, urr cMoxeM Aocrarb 6ulerrr Ha rroe3A, rotoprfi ornpan.lrercr B ceMb qacoB? 4, fl 6tt xoren npogllTarr vro-Hu6yAb erqe, HarrucaHHoe grr.rM aBTopgu. 5. A clyrailuo Bcrperr{n ero n Co.ru. 6. Crry,runocb raK, qro r paHo yextrlr r,r3
Mocxay
12. Translute into Russian.
l. She'll save money so that she can buy a flat. 2. He worked hard so that he could go to university. 3. I have drawn a diagram so that the explanation will be clearer. 4. I'll pick you up from the station so that you won't {leed to take a taxi. 5. He arrived at the office before the others so that he could start work early. 6. I moved the vase so that the dog wouldn't break it. 7. She learnt Spanish so that she could get a job in Spainr 8. They booked their tickets in advance so that they wouldn't have to queue. 13. Choose the correctword.
l'
She went to the chemist's so that/to get some cough synrp. 2. He bought a
ideo in order to/so that record his favourite programmes. 3. They left the house early so that/to they would arrive on time. 4. He goes to the gym every day in order to/so that he can lose some weight. 5. She went to Madrid to/so that learn Spanish. 6. They sold their house so that/to they could buy a bungalow. 7. They arrived early in order not to/not to miss the firework display. 8. She went to the countryside so that/to take a walk in the fresh air. 9. I ordered a Chinese takeaway in order to/so that I wouldn't have to cook. l0.,They walked slowly onthe ice so as not to/so thqt slip and fall. 14. Join the sentences using clauses ofpurpose introduced by so that so that + cart/will (present or future referencp) so that + could"/would (past reference)
1. They put lhe gifts under the Chrishas tree. They wanted the children to see them in the moming. 2. He pra0tises playlng the piano every day. He wants to pass his music exam. 3. I had a glass of water before I went to bed. I
330
I
I l.
r
ocraBr,Ur
orfnca n ror,qeHb. 7. OH sce npeu.a ea4aer rnynbre Bonpocbr. 8. On nocrorHr{o npepbrBaer Merur. Mne sro )DKe HaAoeno. 9. On upe.Igroxnn MHe rroqr{nnrr uoft asloMo6rurr. 10. Torr,r npeAJroxrur rocJrarb unr Qarc, la uu cAelaJrr{ 3To. 11. Mrr xoporuo [poBenr{ BpeMf,, Kynarrcb r,r 3aropzur Ha coJrHrle. 12. Yrpeuuuilpeitc MeHf, He ycrpar.rB:rn. 13. Ona yroMrlryna, ryAa oua e.qer? 14. OH yruen r.r3 na6oparopnu uocJreAHrlM. 15. On orBerraJr BTopErM. 16. Ou cMorpeJr Ha Hee, yru6arcr. 17. I{elufi AeHb r 6rura garura y6opxoft xnaprupu. 18. -f, uacronrxo ycrirJr, qro eABa Mor 4nrararbc.r. 19. Po6epr 6rur rax B3BoJrHoBaH, qro c rpyAoM roBopr4n. 20. Ottu uuru, pa3roBapr,rBiur o qeM-To c 6omrunu nHrepecoM. 21. Kanuran crorJr Ha narry6e, orAaBarr pacnoprxenn r Marpoc€tM. 22. flpo4onxaftre nepenogr.rrb crar6K). 23.Xory r oqeHb ycra;na, r npoAonlKr.rna pa6ory B caAy. 24. Mu AoJDKHrT ornpaBr.rrbcr 3aBTpa y'rpoM poBHo B ceur. 25. Yqurerrr cKil3arr, rrro Mb.r AonxHbr npuilnu n 9 qacos. 26. Ou rpeAcraBr.rn re6s csolM Apysrru? - Her. 27. Haroueq roe3l npu6ru n flapux. 28. Ilapoxog npH6lur n iropr c orro3AaHxeM Ha copoK Mlrrryr. 29.Bce 6ruo cgelaHo, vro6tr cnacrr,r,ero.30. OH ruen Me.rrIeHHo, vro6tr ue
ynacrb.31. Os
rroJro)KnJr KJtro.r B uopr(pe.nr, rrro6br He [oreprrb ero.32. A paz6ylwta ee, vro6H oHa He orro3Aana na pa6ory. 33. Ona.qana MHe AeHer, qro6rr r Moura rynmb sce Heo6xoArrMoe Ar.f, rD/reruecrBrrr. 34. fonopn fpoMrre, rlTo6br s te6t cJrbrrrrzur. 35. Orn rn(o orxpbrna .qBepb, .rro6H Aeu.I He npocHyJrlrct, 36. Yqnrelr roBopr,rr MeAJreHHo, qro6u Aerr.t rroHr,rManu ero. 37. Po:a ocraerrra B noJrlrquu HoMep cBoero rene(poHa, FTo6br oHll MorJIlr no3BoHtrrb efi. 38, .fl nouory euy, .tto6q oH cMoF paHo 3a1ogrtr,rrb. 39. On Mr{oro pa6oraer, ,{ro6rr He noreprrl pa6ory. 40. Mox MaMa Aaer MHe )poKr{ My36rKr.r, qro6rr r cMor crarb My3brKaHToM. 41. Onu noropoilr-
331
In addition, travelling by train is far more pleasant than, for example, travel-
Jllrcb, rrro6hr He ono3AaTb Ha [oe3,{. 42. Oga 3anl{Maercfl xaxAufi AeHb, qro-
6rr ycneurno cAarl gK3aMeHbI.
ling by bus. Trains are faster, and what is more the seats are far more comfortable. You can also sit back and enjoy watching the coutryside, instead of
16. Answer the questions.
having to stare at other cars and buses on the motorWay.
1. How many railway stations are there in your city? What are they? Which of them is the oldest? Do you happen to know when it was built? 2. Where do trains come in and go out? 3. Where can you buy a ticket for your journef 4. What is the fare to Moscow? 5. Where can you while away your time before the journey? 6. Who can help, you with your luggage? 7. In what way do porters carry luggage? 8. What.is a luggage van? 9. What kinds of trains do you know? In what trains do you prefer to travel? Why? 10. Where can you have a light refreshment? I l. What trains have dining-cars? 12' Do you prefer to book your ticket beforehand or queue up at the booking office? 13. What is the left-luggage offrce for? 14. Do you usually. travel light or heavf 15. Where can you buy a newspaper at the railway station? 16. Where can
On the other hand, although trains are fast and comfortable; some people say that train fares are too expensive, tickets cost a lot of money. As far as I'm concerned, though, you get what you pay for, and the extra speed, convenience, safety and comfort of a train is worth a little extra cost.
one get information about the time
of arrival
and departure
.
All in all, I think that although rail tavel can be expensive it is worth it. There are no traffrc jams to cope with and you can relax and enjoy the scenery in comfort and safety. So, nert time you have to make a joumey, why not try travelling by train and see what a difference it makes?
b) llhy does the writer think that travelling by train is the best way to travel? Do you agree with the writer on this point?
of trains?
c) Say afew wordsfor and against travelling by train.
17. What does a big railway station look like? 18. What do you like or dislike
18. Complete each sentence using gerunds.
about large stations? 19. Do you enjoy travelling by train? Why? Why not? 20. Do you often travel by trair{'! 21. Do you like to be seen off at the station by youifriends or relatives? 22. When did you last travel by train? Where did you go? Did you book a ticket in advance? How much did your ticket cost? By what train did you travel? Did you have to change trains on your way to X? What time did your tain leave? How did you spend your time during the journey? Did you enjoy your trip? Why? Why not? Who were your travelling companions? Did you talk with them? Was the conductor very helpful? Did you got offthe train on your way to ...? When did the tain reach X? Was the tain on time? Did anybody meet you at the station? What did you do on your arrival in X? IIow long did you stay in X? What was your journey back like? 23.Have you ever travelled to a foreign country by train? Was the joumey comfortable?
l. Do you think I have a chance of ...? 2. She hates the idea of ... . 3. At the party I had the pleasure of ... . 4. This is the most perfect instrument for ... . 5. He has no hope of ... . 6. What is the reason for ...? 7. I hope you have a gooC excuse for .... 8. Thank you for ... . 9. I'm not happy with this way of ... . 10. I'vegotno experiencein... . ll.Idon'tlikethe ideaof ... . 12. She ... . 13. I think he doesn't realise the importance of ... .
is in the habit of 19.
l She tried (finish) her homework, but it was too difficult. 2. What are you trying (do)? 3. Try (lnock) at the window if nobody answers the door. 4. Why don't you try (use) olive oil instead of margarine when cooking? 5- They hied (fix) the roof. 6. You should try (wal$ more. It's a great form of exercise. 7. I tried (lift) the boxes but they were full of books so they were too heavy. 8. If you can't go to sleep, try (drink) some milk.
17. a) Read the text Text 2:
Trains Are the Best!
20. Join the sentences using gerunds.
Why do thousands of people every day let the train take the strain? Because
e.g. I didn't do my homework. I went to the cinema instead. Instead of doing my homework I went to the cinema.
travelling by train is, in my opinion, the best way to travel.
To start with, travelling by train is safe, you don't have to worry about traffic jams or other problems that you find on the roads:
1. She didn't punish the boy. She gave him a sweet instead. 2. He didn't go to Spain. He went to Italy instead. 3. He didn't bring me the radio. He brought me the CD player instead. 4. She didn't clean the house. She went swimming
Furthermore, because there is no other traffrc there is less chance of having an I
accident. l
332
Put the verb in brackets into the correct inftnitive lorm or the -ingform.
333
I
jr
instead. 5. She didn't write a letter (as she had promised). She phoned me instead. 6. She didn't buy a typewriter. She Sought a computer instead.
A: Which train do I take for Victoria, please? B:9.28. A: When does it get in? B: It gets there at I1.34.
21. Complete the sentences. Do it, as in the example. €.g. ..., she looks younger. Although she's fifty, she looks youn€99.
,, ,
A: Must I change? B: No. It's a through train.
,
1. ..., she isn't wearing a coat. 2. ...,he is mean with his money. 3. ..., he failed the test. 4. ..., she put on,seven kilos. 5. ...,'he went to work, 6; ..., I was still hungry. 7. :..,he went swimming. 8. ..., he plays with toy trains. 9. ..., she can't speak French. 10. ..., he doesn't have a car. I l. ..., he saves
alotofmoney..:..,,..l..], 22.TranslateintoEnglish. : l. Mue uoHp.?,punacr Href, upoBecrr,r,grrrycr rrraHcoB 3aKa3arb
3. A: What time's the next train to Victoria, please?
B:9.26. Platrorm 4. A: When do we get there? B: It's due at 11.35, but they're running late today. A: Is it necessary to change? B: Yes. Change at East Croydon.
:
::ii
!,
,r - ,j .
n Kprluy. 2..Jle1ou
"i' MeHbrue
4
xopotuyto rocrl{Hr{I5/. 3. Y uenr Her HaAexAbL.yBIlAerb ero
cKopo. 4. Mucnb. qpoBecrrr KaHI4Kynbl np Bolre npuHa.q.rexl.IT-Moerray.6pary. 5. Y uero rutoxtul [p[BbIqKa KypIaTb [epeA 3aBTpaxou. 6. V tuesr M€IJIo onblTa B UpeIIoAaBaHuLr anmnftcroro t3blKa. 7, Brt .qruaere, y Hero ecr6 IIraHc cAarL 3rcaMen? 8. Buecro roro qro6rr [oexarb ua anro6yce, MbI noIIlJI]I neruKoM lr oflo3Airnll Ha KoHIIepr. 9, Buecro Toro qro6bl foroB]rrbct K 3K3aMer{y, Mofi cun qenbrfi Beqep cMorpel reJleBu3op. 10. Hecuorpf, Ha ro, qro 6rrno nogAno, oH [poAonxan pa6orarr. 11. -fl rarvr 6ygy, xorr, rvroxet 6rttr, r orro3Aaro. 12. OH He rrbtrilJlct cAenarb sro. 13. flonrrrafics [o3BoHnrb eMy. Bo3uoxuo, or{ AoMa. 14. Ona rlblTarlacb Ky[I{Tb 6ulerrt Ha KoHlrepr, Ho oHI4 yxe 6rulu nce pacnpogaurr. 15..[I nolsero. - flonuraftcx ecrr 6onrue onorqefi u Qpyxron.
Part B
I
to change at Brighton. at Brighton? Isn't there a through train? B: Yes, there's one at 10.27. But that doesn't get in until 11.39. A: Oh, that's too late. Could you repeat that information about the first train, please? When does it leave?
A: Change i
I
5.
l l
I l
1, Study and practise the following conversations. fn pairs, act out similar conversations.
Booking Train Tickets
1. A: When does
the London train leave, please?
B:9.25.Platform
3.
l
A: What time does it reach London? be there at 11.31, but you may be a bit late. A: Do I have to change? B: Yes, you change at Lewes and East Cloydon.
B: You should
334
a town
B: Yes, sir. I know where it is. Wheri did you want to go? A: Tomorrow. I have to be there before I 1.30. You see, L . . B: There's a fast train at 10.08. It'll get you there at I 1.20. But you have
I
Gonversation Practice
A: I'd like some infonnation about the trains to Hove; please. It's near Brighton and ...
I
A; Hello. I'd like a ticket to Newcastle, B: Single or return? A: Return, please.
please.
B: Day retum oi period return? A: I want to come back this evening, so a day return. B: How do you want to pay?
A:
Cash, please.
B: Forty-eight pounds, fifty, please. A: Twenty, forty, sixty pounds. B: Here's your change and your ticket. A: Thankyou.
A: I'd like a ticket for B: Single or return? A: A return, please.
the next train to York, please.
B: What date will you be retuming? A: On the lSth of January. Could you tell me if that's adirect train?
B: I'm afraid you have to
change at Doncaster.
335
A: Which platform does it leave from?
I
2" Reud the railway announcements.
This is a British Rail announcement. The train from Edinburgh arrives on platform eight at 0830. Edinburgh train, platform eight, 0830: The train from Hertford arrives.on platform six at 0835. Hertford train, plat-
0835.
FinalDiscussion
.1
B: Six. A: And how much is the ticket? B: That'll be € 35.50, please. A: Here you are ...
form six,
TI I \
I
The train from Newcastle arrives on platfonn fifteen at 0845. The train is forty minutes late. Newcastle train, platform fifteen, 0845. Forty minutes late. The train from Darlington arrives on platform nine at 0855. Darlington train, platform nine, 0855. The train to Peterborough is on platform twelve, departs 0825. The train to Peterborough, platform twelve, 0825.
i
I. Speak on:
,
a) the local railway station; b) your last journey by train; c) a bad (funny, embarrassing) experience you had when travelling by train.
2. Tell afunny story you've read about some people travelling by train. 3. Roteplay
the situations suggested.,
l. You have to make an urgent trip to Moscow You want a ticket for a night express sleeper. The clerk at the booking office says there are no tickets for that train. He is offering other trains certainly less convenient for you. 2. Your business keeps you two days longer. You have to put offyour departure. So you phone the booking offioe to cancel your reservation and book another ticket.
3. An English colleague of yours wants to go to Moscow to take part in an exhibition. He asks you about trains to Moscow. You've been to Moscow many times and give him all the necessary information.
The train to Newcastle is on platform seventeen, departs 0840. The train to Newcastle, platform seventeen, 0840. The train to York is on platform five, departs 0900. The train to York, plat-
4. Your preparations for the trip took you a bit too long. You have missed
form hve, 0900.
Group Work
3. Translate into English" - [o6pnft qenr! - flo6pufi Aenr! I{ro fl Mory cAenarb Ntssac? - Ecrr nu noe3Aa Ha MocrnY ceroAH-fl? - ,{a, ecrr ABa HoqHbIX rloe3Aa. - KorAa oHI,I ornpaBnqlorcq?
-B9ullqacon.
your train. Imagine your explanation to the stationmaster.
1. Your groupmate has missed a lot of classes lately. He says he had to go away on business. He travelled by train. Ask him some questions about his lastjourney and his business travels in general. 2. Discuss the following: a) A big railway station is a good place to spend a spare hour. b) Your idea of how to enjoy a long joumey. c) There is nothing like travelling by train.
- KorAa rloe3A, roroprtfi orflpaBnf,ercl n 9 vacon, npn6rrnaer n Mocxay?
-BTvaconyrpa. - 3ro npeur Meurycrpausaer. Ecrr lu 6r'uerrt Ha sTor uoegA? -,{a, ecrr HecKoJlbxo 6ruleros [epBoro Knacca. - Mne noserro.
- Croruro crour 6ralet [epBoro KJlacca? - flonroprt rblctqr py6nefi. - floxaryficra, Aai4Te une 6sler s oAIry cropoHy ua20 anpeu'. - floxarryficra, Bor BaIu 6tzll,er u c4a'ra' - Cnacu6o.
336
337
. . Grammar: Reported Commands lRequests /Suggestions.
Greetings, leavetakings, wishes, thanks, introductions, apologies and exclamations in reported speech
'For goodness' sake put your money in the bank.' She urged me to put my money in the bank. 'Be quiet or I'll send you to your room.' She threatened to send me to my room if I wasn't quiet.
Greetings, leavetakings, wlshes, thanks, introductionsr' apologies:in r€-
ri
portedspeech
:
1. - Hello, Ann.
lllustrative Situations Reported Commands /RequeSts /Suggestions Reporting verbs used to report commands, requests and suggestions: order - order; requesl - ask, urgent request - beg; instraction - tell, advice advise; reminder - remind; warning - warn; invitation - invite; suggestionsuggest; olfer - offer, permission - allow; prohibition - forbid; threat - threaten; urgent advice - urge
. . . . .
. . . . . . . .
'Give me yoru money!' He ordered me to give him my money. 'Cut the paper into two pieces.' She told me to cut the paper into two pieces. 'Could you do something for me?' She asked me to do something for her. 'Please, please call the police.' She begged me to call the police. 'You should see a doctor.' He advised me to see a doctor. 'Will you como to my party?' She invited me to (go to) her parfy. 'Don't forget to write to Paul.' She reminded me to-write to Paul. 'Don't go neiu the oven.' She warned me not- to go near the oven.
'Let's visit Jane.' She suggested visiting Jane.
'Shall we go to Helen's parfy?' He suggested going to Helen's party. 'You can use my phone.' He allowed me to use his phone. 'You mustn't come home after eleven.' He forbade us to come home after eleven. 'Would you like me to drive you home?' He offered to drive me home.
338
- Hello, Steve. Ann and Steve greeted
: "u"h
.,.., :
r. '
othbt.
George: Goodbye, Roger. Roger: So'long,George.
ur
,
.
"' "
:''
"'.,''
George'and Roger parted 2. Mike,/Ilelen: Goodbye, Helen. Mike said goodbye to Helen.
:
3. Tom: Goodnight, Mary. Tom wished Mary good night. 4. Mary: Come to the cinema with me.
Kate: Thankyou. Mary invited Kate to the cinema. Kate thanked her. 5. John /you: I'm sorry, I've broken your cup. John apologized for breaking my cup. 6. Harry: Mary, this is Steve Baxter, an old friend of mine. Harry introduced his friend Steve Baxter to his wife. 7. Mrs Brown /you: Congratulations!
Mrs Brown congratulated me. 8. Kate /Tim: You fool! Kate called him a fool!
Exclamations in reported speech We use the verbs exclaim/say that to report exclamations which begin with 'What a./an ...'or 'How ...' in indirect speech. e.g. 'What an unusual design!' he said. He exclaimed/said that it was an unusual design. He exclaimed./said that the design was unusual.
But with exclamations such as 'Splendid!', 'Great!', 'Good', 'Excellent!', 'Oh','Oh dear!'etc. we use the expressiongive an exclamation of delight/ relief / surprise, etc. 339
e.g. 'Wow!' he said as he unwrapped his gift. He gave an exclamation of surprise as he unwrapped his gift.
Reporting a dialogue In dialogues we use a mixture of statements, questions, commands, requests, etc. In reported speech we use: and, as, adding that, and (he/she) added that, because, but, since, and then (he/she) went on to say (that), while, then, etc. to link the sentences in a dialogue. We can also use the reporting verbs in the present paniciple form (offering, begging, exptaining, titc.). a.
'I'm exhausted,' she said to him. 'Can you make me a cup of tea?'
She exclaimed tlrat she was exbausted and asked
him to make her a cup of tea.
'I'll take a taxi home. It's getting late,' he said. He said that he would take a taxi home as/because/since it was getting late. b.
c. Mr Adams: Can I talk to Mr Stephens? Secretary: I'm sorry, but he's not here. Would you like me to take a message? Mr Adams:.No, thank you. I need to see him in person.
ill
('Don gested... ('Whydon'tweplaychess?') Iun go to tire party.') 23.He asked me ...
20. My sister didn't allow me
Mr Adams asked to talk to Mr Stephens.,Hib secretary said that he wasn't there and offered to take a message. Mr Adams declined, explaining that he
...
' ')
3. Report the following phrases using the verbs suggest
needed to see him in person.
sug'
('You
or offer'
Practice
I. Mrs Baxton is giving
her cleaner instructions about whot to do
for
the
day. Report her instructions.
l. Clean the bathroom. 2. Make the beds. 3. Don't forget to tidy the bedroom. 4. Feed the dogs. 5. Sweep the kitchen floor. 6. Don't leave the rubbish in the kitchen. 7. Remember to water the plants. 8. Do the washing-up. 9. Hoover the sitting room. 10. Don't let anyone into the house. 2. Complete the lollowing sentences
l.
We all advised them ... ('Don't climb the mountain without a guide.') 2,The teacher warned the children... ('Don't play football in the road.') 3. There's a letter from thg grocer requesting us ... ('Will you please pay your 340
10. 'Shall we go out at the weekend?' said Helen'
4. First write an appropriate reporting verb, then rcPort I I
I I
the
following sen-
tences.
e.g. You should staY in bed.
advise
He advised-her to stay in bed.
l. .Don't go near the fire!' 2.'Let's go out tonight.' 3. 'Please, please give me ,o-" -o*y!, 4. .Don't forget to tell Annli 5. 'would you like a cup of tea?'
6. .Can you pass me the salt, please?' 7. 'Tell me where he is.' 8. 'You ought .Yorr mustl't be back later than ten.' 10. 'Everybody be to stop imoking., 9. quietl' I l. 'You may see Mr Rogers.' 12. 'Let's have some tea'' 13' 'Don't
move!' 14. ,Please post this letter.' 15. 'Shall
I
get you an aspirin?'
,Don,t be late., 17. 'Don't stay out late tonight.' 18. 'Don't walk on the 16. grass.' 19. ,Wait here, please.' 20. 'Don't touch anything.' 21. 'Please, please
h"lp
^e.'
22.
,Don,tplay near the road! It's dangerous!' 23. 'Shall we watch
34t
tordgho'
.Iror't n ke ant mire!'
owbg pastdgr: Th. ttords in dir.ct qt.ech ar. tist d o,
25. .IIow
about 26. 'Plesle get lne a Ehss of watd; 21.'l
a vid€o?' 24.
asa
mor€ vegetablcs.' 2E. 'Woulrt yol like ne to do lhe shoPping?' 29. please don't leave m€ dorc in lhc darlc' 30. 'Go 0o bed! ...
Now!'
5 R.pott th.louofiittg
?Icarc,
scntuacc,
.ll ,i r;
r.-, Oi"t, Ton:
t""uoia oy;ng,'o ;.*;G
,irro-""ia.wm."u,.your"" 'Y.
ler.
ou
loo\v€ry
dl9j:&
-*;;;Gx.. q.'qr'i ycry 'hi!
ri#;:l
catr't corc€qtsate.' 9, 'Can you
a
b[
bus,'
'You good wait tro ]ou niss
61un hefoltowi,ts s."E rc.s i^to reported $'ccct'.
sky. dcss€rt. ur pr€s€ot act
they said as the fr€wor!<s exploded i'r lte 2. 'How delicioull ' sh€ said .r she t rted the 3. 'You'[ ty to visit Jobn, won't ]ou?' he rqid to rwhat a surprise!' he said \r/b€n hc saw thc 4. 5. 'AEazing!' sh€ ssid $hco lhc aaw tb! Dsgician's 6. 'Well, good luck, then,' she said to him. 7. 'HappyBirthday!' we said to 8. 'Oh, that is a verynice sweater', stre said. 'Where did you buy J
Roger.
- - ! it?' "r, stopped.' ""-iiti'r"rz' get up early tomorrow., 12. ,Don't be late tonight,, rv'u.^'r'said Dad. ,you have to 'i;
*rry I;-
rui". I ro.t -v *uv,; trt" r"ia.o 10. 'Are you leaving now?' Sam asked. 'My watch has
c^- ages.' :^^- , ^--r for -^:) .rr'go out toniglrt,', L^ he said. 'We L---^-,r haven't L^^been out 1'.A-------L----',L---t--r --^.r---tr-^-tr-a------' 14. 'Are you bus/' he asked me. 'I need to talk to you.'
13..'kt's 1L1
nanager.
il
*,ff' I|T#""r*ffj1f,ffiXffi,fi";j3X*i?Sjffi,;#]; :i,-:Jif,:":1:-T.LI3 (',
f,
I
l! iL I I li jl ]t ! ]:I
fl
1
1 i ij 'i i\ I (
wav'
th€
1l ,.* Hffffifm:iu'" '.t him. ]| DtA w"U-*t* *i,it l" '1. 4d. 'l'n
13, 'Why are you listening to lhis mDsic?'le askcd hc(. 'It's a\rdrl.' 14. should op€o 14 your o*n rcstausnt' he said to Biil. 'You arE :ry cook' 15. 'Arc you going to tlke lb€ job?l he asked Jane 'or 'wil you for s betfar otre?' 16, 'I rc€d to buy some morc oil,' shc said. 'Th€re i! morc lcft.' l?. 'Sha[ I Tom about lhc aip?' he said to her, 'or do wrtrt to lell hiDr youl!€ln' 18. 'I mult go trow,' said Sarah 'or I night ihe
s.
How didvou do
'P&a!e stpp-iald,ls 6ar.no'.tue,'-ih: sai( . _
l. 'Wow!'
s€e the
Ee . (l)Iluppos€vougotit.
lsrtmo.h'hev,a!told...(2) oh' he probablv did it h the lrf.ory
si;a
srl(c dinner to ght, ToD?' she wsrking late.' 10. 'Ple$c don't talH'said tbe t€acher,'This i! a test.' I l. 'Why don't you tum ofr tle l-W' she laid to hinr. 'You ar€d't warching it' 12. 'Come !o our hous€ totright, Ma+,' h€ !aid. 'Jim sranB to ice you.'
'I
George told
Ofc4ur{€.
thc tlcs h tle lake," ![6 said iThe wrt tl. ntly.' -:rl"-."r".1J* *;rc6.;+.
I'vejustbccd to
W€!! you ryctE luc_ky: Ys]-ttrow dlat whd Smith askcd for a rbe
l. .Wbat timedocs the niext bdi:LaiE?r'he sirid it rced io get to He asj<Ed !,hat tibc the Dcxt bu! left because he nedd€rl to Jtto 2. 'Dbtr't so swim'ins
You look plcared with yours€lf, Wbt's happ€ned?
tq
'I.o.,
""r"a...
Oi.t
(6) aad oferert
htttinkhe
nc r cigar.
had alrerdy guessed.
I
,) and .,. O0)
ro-, niot
to-: So whar did you s.y? nicf; Isaid...(12)but...(13) tom: Alld did he offef ],ou arfu€? Dick Not at ftst, But lhen I told hiE ... 04). Wet then he said ... (15) snd tlked me ... (16). so I told hin. To'r: How Itru.h did he oEer you 6en? Dick He said... (l? i"., w"rr,l"" ri'"ty,I'[ haveto iyrtis n]rer. ldr in dircct
"* sp€ech vrrc:
k's gping to ask for a rk€.' morc dscs wil b€ giv€[ thb ]€ar. ' I com€ ard s€e you somc tim€, sir?' a, come io an! day aftcr lunch' (5) 'He's in a good temper.' (q) lP9 tildg*1.' (7) 'What's itall about?'
t*.'- , worl.
!?l:1:: PT-lT-f:-T:;' 'Now I'd like. to know what my prospects are.' ltq) it t) 'I
can't pro'mise yoir promotion for hnother five years'' pron (12) Q2) 'I'm not really interested in promotion"
(13)'Idoneedanincreaseinsalary''
343
(14) 'I've been offered a job with another frrm.' (15) 'I'd be sorry to lose you.' (16) 'How much has the other firm offered you?' (17) 'I'll give you a rise of ninety pounds this year, and another ninety next
'Even be'tter. But threatened.
'Not at
l.
following conversations.
wanted a mountain bike. His mother replied that Sammy didn't need a mountain bike and that his bike was fine.
Sonia: What's wrong?
problem with my computer. I can't get it to work.
10. Turn thefollowing into u conversation.
4. 'How can I lose weight?'Alan said. 'You mustn't eat sweets or oily food. You can eat potatoes, though.' 'You should also get plenty of exercise,' said the doctor.
Christine complained that their house was too small. She suggested looking for somewhere bigger. Wayne asked her why she wanted to move. He pointed out they had only moved in a year before. She reminded him that he had said it would only be temporary. He agreed, but told her that his business hadn't been very successful so they couldn't aflord to move yet. Christine asked if they would be able to move the following year. She said that the baby was growing up fast and that he needed his own room. Wayne admitted that she was right, but asked her to be patient. He promised that they would move as soon as they could afford it.
'Shall I join a gym?' said Alan. a gym.
You can
go
jogging every day,'said the doctor.
5. 'How can I get a job?' Jane said. 'You can look throrigh the newspapers at the job advertisements. You can also go to the Job Centre. I'm sure they could find you a job,' said Julie. 'Shall I go to a private employment agency?' said Jane. 'You could, but it will cost you a lot of money and you don't have much,'
if you're
2. Sammy asked his mother to buy him a new bike. His mother refused and said that he already had one. SammSr begged his mother and said that he
3. Eric: Are you busy? I need some help.
'You needn't join
only had my eyes closed to enjoy the music.,' Daniel ex-
l. The boss said that ah important client was arriving the next day. He asked us to be at work on time. He explained that the client was going to stay for a week. He pointed out that he owned sevqral large companies and that he was the most important client we had ever had.
George: Tim isn't here. He's playrng football. John: Where is he playing? George: At the school. I'm going there now.
a
asleep like the last time!' Sally
9. Turn the texts below into direct spee.ch.
Ben:.I've joined a gym. I want to get fit. .Tom: Which gym have you joined?
Eric: There's
if you fall
'All right then, I'll go, but you should keep your mouth closed going to snore,' Sally said.
Ben: The Star Gym. It's close to my house.
2.
walk out
plained.
Yeat.' 8. Report the
alM
I'll
i
said Julie. I
6. 'Oh, Roger! What a surprise!' Lisa said at the sight of her husband. 'Hello, Lisa. Happy Birthday!' Roger said, giving her some flowers. 'Wow - they're lovely!' Lisa said. 'Thank you.' 'Would you like me to put them in water for you?' Roger asked. 'Yes, please,' Lisa said. 'Let's go out tonight, shall we?' Roger said. 'I've found a new restaurant which I think you'll like.'
\
7. 'Sally, would you like to go out tonight for a change?' Daniel asked. 'What a lovely idea! Why don't we go for a meal?' Sally said. 'Well ... mm ... possibly, but I've already bought two tickets for the opera,' Daniel said.
344
345
\ may be brought in duty-free). If the traveller has nothing to declare he may just go through the 'green' section of the Customs. In some cases tlie Customs inspector may ask you to open your bags for inspection. It sometimes happens that a passenger's luggage is carefully gone through to prevent smuggling.
Topic: Travelling by plane
b) Ask and answer questions about the airp ort for m s litie s.
Communication: Permission. Requests. Desire
2" Complete each septence with
Grammar: Review of tenses. Reported speech
1. a) Read the text
Text 1: Air Travel
Here are some hints on air travel that may be helpful. Passengers are requested to arrivc at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights and an hour before on domestic flights as there must be enough time ts complete the neoessary airport formalities.
Before the flight you have to register your ticket and weigh in and register the luggage. You go to the check-in desk where your ticket is looked at, your things are weighed and labelled. Each pissenger is allowed 20 kilos of luggage free bfcharge. Ifyour luggage is overweight you have to pay extra. At the registration desk you are given a boarding pass which has your seat number on it. ofcourse, before your flight you also go through passport control and the security check. Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. when the 'Fasten seat Belts' sign goes on, do it promptly, and also obey the .No Smoking' signal.
plane.
l
When you travel abroad you must go through the Customs inspection. Customs on
fuil arisa.
Then the passenger goes to the Customs for an.inspection of the "luggage. There the passenger frlls in the customs declaration. He nrust list all dutiable articles (personal bblongings - handbags, briefcases, umbrellas, souvenirs -
346
aworflfrom thelisl
through, declare, departure lounge, extra, overweight, call, tand, board, fill in, reach, dutiable, underweight, gangway, check;''iiirsick, take, taxi out, register, miss, cancel, take gff (n), boarding pass, luggage, bo6k, runway,
reserve, departure, baggage check
Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air, as it is the fastest means of travelling.
board name, rived
afrport formalities..,c) Speak about
reserttation, altitude, announce, speed, check in, landing, visibility, porthole; take-off (v), fly, fasten, weigh, delay, destination, see ofi crew, non-stop, pass
Part A
Do not forget your personal belongings when leaving the
lfg
1. ... w,as good and I could see for miles through the ... . 2. He arrived at the airport an hour before the ... 3. Have you ... the, immigration card? 4. Passengers ar€ not allowed to'smoke when the plane is ... or ... . 5. The announcer has ... flight 325. 6. Is my luggage ...t no I have to pay ...? 7.I was so neryous about flying that I left my bag in the ... . 8. Tim ... Paris safely, but his lUggage didn't reach its ... . 9. Our plane nqarly crashed into a fire-engine on the ... . 10. David's plane was ... by thick fog. 1l. You have to ... an hour before the.plane leaves. 12. All ... goods must be ... at the customs. 13. We were flying at an ... of 3000 metres. 14. Our flight was ... because of the weather. 15. I wasn't ... though the flight was rather rough. 16.Passenger planes usually fly at a ... of 300 lsn an hour. 17. Our pilot
made a perfect ... and we got out of the plane. 18. The airport doesn't ... planes because of the weather. 19. Here is your:... . Have a nice flight! 20. Has flight246 bben ... yet? 21. My friends are going,to ...'me ... at the airport. 22. Ovr luggage was ... when we ... ... the customs in Paris. 23. The stewardess ... our tickets at the ... . 24. Wemade a ... flight from Moscow to New York. 25. The plane is ... into the middle of the freld. 26. No, you can't have this bag with you. You must have it ... . 27. The plane ... on time but arrived half an how late. 28. The customs officer asked Bill if he had any-
. amI ...? 3 'clock xtra.
3
me a seatontheplane, please.36. The aircrafthas a... of four.37. The ... of our plane has been delayed. 38. The clerk asked me if I had made a ... . 39: We arrived late at the airport, and ... the plane. 40. I arrived at-the airport, ..., ild had some coffee. 41. When mybaggage was weighed and registered, I was given a ... .
347
Ping! The sound of a bell woke Clarissa from her dreams, 'Ladies and Gen-
3. a) Read the text
'Tert
tlemen, we are now approaching London Heathrow ... V/ill you please fasten your seatbelts and extinguish all cigarettes. Kindly refrain from smoking until you are inside the tenninal building.'
2: Back to England
Clarissa Hopper is on her way back to England after a visit to Italy.
Clarissa looked out of the taxi window at the wet road.
When the plane landed and came to a standstill Clarissa saw that outside the sun was shining and the sky was clear. It was going to be a peffect day.
It was still raining.
She was looking forward to getting home after a busy and tiring week in Italy.
b) Ask and answer questions about the
The taxi began to slow down. Then the handsome brown-eyed driver turned round to face Clarissa and said, 'Terminal, signorina.' He smiled. The taxi stopped outside the terminal and Clarissa got out. While she was finding some money in her purse, the driver took out her luggage. 'That's the last of my lira,' thought Clarissa sadly as she paid her fare.
Dear Jane,
5. Translate into English.
'British Airways announce the departure of Flight 8A677 to London Heath-
It
was time to leave. After waiting in the queue wi0r the.other passengers, Clarissa got her seat number in the non-smoking section and walked down the corridor and onto the plane. Her seat was next to the window and the emergency exit. With relief she sat down and fastened her safety belt. But she still felt nervous. She travelled by plane so often, but she still hated every moment of it. She couldn't understand why she was afraid of flying.
While the plane was taking off, she closed her eyes, but when the plane was in the air she began to relax. She pressed the button at the side ofher seat, lay back and opbned her eyes again. 'I wonder if Simon's going to come and meet me at the airpoi. It's so much nicer to come home when you know there's someone to meet you and to help you with your luggage. All those books! They're heavier than I expected. Anyway, I don't really care if he's there or not . . . Oh, well, back to business!' Clarissa took out her calculator.
348
text
Thanks so much ... your last letter. I had to fly ... Paris . .. ai business conference last week, and what a terrible journey it turned out to be. First of all, when I arrived .,. the airport I discovered that my flight was delayed ... three hours. . . . a long boring wait I eventually boarded ... my plane. I had to sit ... ... a man who wouldn't stop talking.'To make matters worse, the weather was so terrible that the flight was very uncomfortable. Worst ... all, when we finally arrived ... Paris, I discovered that my luggage was missing, along .. . all ... my important papers. I was furious when I found .... that it had been sent ... Mexico Cify . .. mistake. Needless to say, I won't be travelling ... that airline again. Lots of love. Write soon. Cathy
She saw from the television screens that her flight was not yet boarding. There was still half an hour before her flight left. While she was waiting she bought some duty-free goodS for her parents - some wine, some olives and some salzimi for herself. She thought suddenly of Simon. 'Perhaps I ought to buy something for Simon. But he never telephoned me before I left, so . . .'
Heathrow is now boarding.'
c) Retell the
4, Fill in the blanks with prepositions if necessary.
She picked up her suitcase, passed through the automatic doors and entered the terminal building. She felt as if she had just crossed the border of Italy. The British Airways check-in desk was near the enfrance. After checking-in her luggage, she went to buy some magazines. Then she went through passport control and the security check and into the departure lounge.
row. Will all passengers please proceed to Gate II. Flight B.A677 to London
text
-
l. KonAa Bbl Jrerlrre caMoJreroM, ro no npn6urr{r{ B zuponopr, lpofi4ure perucrpaqr,rrc, cKaxrrre, rAe 66r Bbr xoTeJII,I cuAerb (y oxua, y npoxoAa, B ceKulllr Alrr Heqtprurx), norryvu're nocaAoqHHft'ralon u 6araxHHe xsnTaHrIr{u, ecJrH Bbr cAalu 6arax, u v4rll:e K yxa3aHHoMy BbrxoAy. 2. Ilepe.q fiolreroM Mbr 3arroJrHr,uru ra[ioxeHHbre ,[eKJrapaqfir{ r{ npoluJrl{ rauoxeHurtfi AocMorp. 3. Y rraenr He 6buo neqefi, noArexarq[x o6roxenmo norunnnofi, rro3roMy r [porueJr qepe3 (€eneHufi roprgop>. 4. Mot no4pyra co6Hpanacu Jrererb r Kpruvr. flocxolrry ero 6ruo ee [epBoe Bo3AyruHoe rryTeruecrBr.re, ona oqeHb BoJrHoBaJracb...f cnpocum ee, norreMy oHa He xoqer exarb rroe3AOM, ecJrr{ nererb. crpanHo. oHa cKa3ara, qro efi He xorrercfl Tp?THTb MHoro BpeMeHr{ Ha Aopory, efi xorenocb 6u noAo$ue [o6brrb a Kpnuy. B Aeur orbe3Aa Mbr noexaJrr.r B a3ponopr. Karr saperucrpr.rpoBzrna 6uter u 6arax, 14 Mbr rrorrrJrn n 6ySer Bbrrrr,rrb qaulKy xor[e. floroga 6rlra He oqeHb o6naAex[sarcuas. Iller He6onbuofi AoxAb. flo paauo o6t.aBunr4, vro pefic 237 sa CuuQepononb 3aAep*[Baercr Ha rrorqaca. Karr Haqana HepBHr{qarb. A crazata, rrro [HorAa raK]Ie BeuI[ crqn13ro""". Ilepes noavaca [accaKr,IpoB 349
Ha pefic 237 rrpurtacruln npoilrn K caMonery. Mu nonpoulaJlltcb, no6exana. V rpana naccorr{poB Bcrpeqana crroapAecca.
u Karr
A: B: A: B:
Ileper uecxonbKo Mnrryr caMoJrer Bblpynun ua auer@ [onocy. HaA xa6nnofi uurora 3aKrJrrncb HaAnHcH <<[Ie rypr.mr!>, (dlpucrerHyrr peuuu!> flac-
I'd like to travel first You'll have to be
2. Stephen:
:ti 6.
,!:i:,
tration? 4. What is registration like? 5. How much luggage can a passenger take without extra pay? 6. Who informs passengers about flights? 7. Are flights often cancelled in this countr/ Can you say wh/ 8. Is there a security check before you board the plade? 9. Who takes you on board the plane? 10. What are the duties of a stewardess? 11. When are passengers requested to fasten their seat belts? 12. Can passengers smoke during the flight? 13. Do they serve meals on board the plane? 14. Do you feel neryous during the flight? 15. Are you ataid of flying? 16. Have you ever had a bad experience while flying? Whgt happened? 17. Which form of tansportation do you believe is the safest and which is the most dangerous? 18. Do you sometimes
Study and practise the following conversations. Use them as models your own conversations Report the convercutions
Boris:
{ d
for
Booking Plane Tlckets
l. A: B: 350
What flights are there from London to Vienna tomorrow? If you'd like to take a seat, I'll find out for you. , ,
Air Terminal at 8.10
at the latest.
Do you sell airline tickets for Brazil? We'd like two tickets
3. Travel agent: Can I help you?
feel airsick on board the plane? 19. When did you last travel by plane? Where did you fly? How did you get to the airport? When did registration begin? What was it like? Did you have excess luggage? What did you do after you had checked in? When did your plane take ofP Was your journey pleasant? When did your plane land in X? What did you do ot your arrival in X?
Gonversation Practice
at West London
from Amsterdam to Rio de Janeiro. Travel agent OK. What is your depadtue date? Stephen: Sattrday the 2lst. Travel agenfi One way or return? Stephen: Renrrn. We'd like to come back on Saturday fte 28th. Travel agent: Business class oreconomyclass? Stephen: Economyclass,please. Travel agenfi Let me see ... We have a flight wift Varig' Stephen: How much is that flight? Travel agent:' It's € 650. Stephen: Is it a direct flight? Travel agent: No, it stops in Lisbon. Stephen: What time does it leave? Travel agent It leaves Amsterdam.at 10.30 in the morning'
Answer the questions.
Part B
class, please.
BEA flight BE takes offfrom Heathrow at 9.25 and flies direct. What time do I have to get there?
I
I want to fly to London next week I'd like to make
a reser-
vation for a roundtrip ticket. Travel agent What day are yotr ptanning to leave for London? Boris: On the l2th of March. Travel agent There are three flights to London on that day - at l0 am, at 8.30 and 10.00 pm. Do yoq have any preference about the time of the da/ t I'd rather leave at 10.00 pm. I want to get to London early Boris: in the moming. Travel agenf I can make a reseryation for a TWA flight. Are you going to travel business class or econom/ I prefer €conomy. How much will it be? Boris: Travel agenc 5!0 dollars. Are meals and refreshments served on the flight? Boris: Travel agent: Yes, theY are. What's the flying time? Boris: Travel agenl Six hours. What's the London ajrport we'll arrive at? Boris: Travel agenf Heathrow Airport. How many days are you planning to stay in London? Nine days. Boris: Travel agent: When would you like to fly home from London? 351
Boris:
March 22nd. Travel agent All right. Your name and address? Boris: Boris Brown, 6442 99th Sfieet, Rego-Parte, New York
1t374. Travel agent: And your telephone number? (718) 439-7286. Boris: Travel agent Will you pay by credit card? Boris: Yes, by Master Card. Nurnber ... Valid until January 15, 201l. When can I get my tickets? Travel agent: You'll have them two days before your departure.
A. Speak about Boris Brown's air trip.
Smitrr: No, it's a non-stop flight. Is there anything else? Mrs Smith: Yes ... No ... Yes! I am already airsick. call the flight atten Mr
dant! Make it fast!
A. Questions worried? 2. BY ue to take off? 4.
the plane? 6. Is it Smith ask her husband to call the flight attendant?
B. Translate into English-
l.
Ona: Cropee! Yxe o6rsnluu nocaAxy' fAe reofl 6arax? -fl ocraBI'[JI ero oKoJlo crofuu perl4c'rpaql4l'I' Ona: A rbl Yx<e 3aPenucrPllPonancs?
B. Translate into English
On:
- Ao6poeyrpo! Cxaxrre, noxatyftcr4 ecrrrupefic HaJIoHgon 25 oxrt6pt2 - [a, ecrr gna pefica yrpoM l.r BeqepoM. - KorAa yrpenHraft pefic?
Os: Her eue.
-B6uaconyrpa. - Her, ero cJrr,rruKoM pauo. Y uenr 6yAer 6eccoHnas Hoqb, 3Tr,rM
ecJrr.r
r
norreqy
y Ona:O, focnoau! Cauoler yJleraer qepe3 fltrHaAllarb MI{Hyr' a re6a bure ger nocaAorrHoro ralona!
lu 6zleru
Boprnpouoanur: Oroao rpex qacoB' flaccaxupra:Sronparr,tofiIIoJlernrHMblAeJIaeMocraHoBKIT? Eoprnpono4unx: 3ro ttptMof rtoJler' naccaxnpxa: Cnacu6o' KorAa MbI [pu6blBaeM EoprnponogHnx: B 6.30 YrPa.
ua eror pefic?
[a, ecrr HecKoJrbKo 6nneron nepBoro K,racca, - floxanyficra, oAr.rH 6r.uer ryAa u o6paruo. -fl nornpaqarocr 30 oxrx6pr.
-
flaccaxnpxa:
Smith:
Mr
Smith:
Mrs Smith:
Mr Smith: Mrs Smith:
Mr
Smith:
Smith: Mr Smith: Mrs Smith: Mrs
352
[aicaxrapra:
Look! The take-off time is 15.30, and they haven't started the engines yet. Something is up, gency exit?
I'm afraid. Where is the
uaguaqesus?
I'laccaxrlpauAarorecrr?
A
KaK Hacqer
cnl'IprHblx nanurKos?
EoprnponoqH[K: CnilprHble HarrI4TKI4 noAalor E 6u:Hecc-Knacce' Ho sbl tt'toxete 3aKa3arb' u f, npnHecy' flaccaxnpra: cnacu6o. A .{ro fi Aolxua Aenarb, ecnu nollyBcTByx) rorurrory? Bop'rnpoeoguur: flosonu're MeIUI, r{ t BaM noMory' pairs, act oilt a conversatibn between a) two fellowAassengers on
emer-
Come on! Don't worry. The flight is delayed by half an horu. We'll take offat 16. There's nothing to be afraid of. I don't like this plane. Next time we'll flybyPANAM. PANAM doesn't fly its planes to Austin. Why did you take the economy class? The business class is
C. In board rhc plune b)
much more comfortable. And they serve food there.
a
passenger and a stewardess'
Atthe Check'in Desk
We had a meal half an hour ago. And didn't you tell me that you hate to travel business class? Oh, my! How long is the flight to Austin? The landing time is 17.30. Two hours all in all. Is it a direct flight or do we stop anywhere?
B rryHKr
Boprnpono4nnx: /{a. Mu noAaeu o6eA'
On Board the Plane Mrs
flpocri'rre!,CKoJIbKo BpeMeHn Nrbrrcfl'noler?
2. flaccaxrapra:
caMoJrerou. KorAa aevepHufi pefic?
-B8qacosBeqepa. - 3ro npeur Menrr ycrpar{saer. Ecrr
delaYed?
? 5' WhY does Mrs
l. Maria:
Is this the check-in for the flight to Athens?
12
3il,
21l(l
I
see your tickets and passports, please? And could you put your luggage on the scales?
Check-irr clclk: Yes, that's
right. Can
353
Peter:
CanI take this briefcase
Maria: Check-in
clerk
'
as handbaggage?
Check-in clerk: Yes, that's all right. Smoking ornon-smoking? Maria: Non-smoking, please. Check-in clerk Here are your boarding cards, You'll need
Officer: to show them
Maria:
again at the gate.
Officer:
Mr Green: I
Thankyou.
2.
Dobson:
I check here for the British Airways flight to New yorld Check-in-clerk: May I see your ticket and passport? Mr Dobson: Here you are. Check-in-clerk: That's fine. Can you put your suitcase on the scales, please? Mr Dobson: Of course. How much does it weigh? .23 kilos.t'I'm sorry but you'll have to pay excess baggage Clerk
Mr
charge.
through to the {epar-ture lounge?
fn
Officer:
pairs, act out similar conversations on the topic .At thb check-inl=
desk'. B. Read the airport announcemenE. This isflight information for today, 24 June. British Ainrays flight BA 516 to Geneva at gate 14, last call. Flight BA to Geneva at gate 1.4, last call. Scandinavian Airlines flight SK 832 to Frankfurt at gate 7, last call. Flight SK 832 to Frankfurt, last call, gate 7. Air France flight
Have ydu anyttring to
sir?.
declare?
:
:
,
i
.
I am allowed. .Will you pa6l this notice careful$ ... Well, have y6u got anyam se1ry 6rr, I don't know what
thing to declare?
Mr Green: Yes, I've got
some presents. I've got a bottle of brandy and some cigarettes. Offrcer: Will you show them to me? Mr Green: Yes, here they are. Officer: Oh, yes, only a bottle of brandy. You are allowed that. Now these
boxes of cigarettes. That's more than I can allow you free. I'm afraid you'll have to pay some duty on them. I'll tell you how much in a moment. But fust let me see inside your bags.
Can
Mr Dobson: Oh! It's only three.kilos overweight Check-in-clerk: Yes, sir ,.. that's t,6 .,, Thank you. Would you like to go
A.
Are these two bags all you have, are all I have. .
Mr Green: Yes, they
Canwe board the aircraft noly'? Can you wait until it's annesassd, please, and then go to
Passport Connol. Announcernent: Sabena Ainrays flight.SN 862 to Athens and Brussels, This flight is now boarding at gate 6. Check-in clerk Boarding noui at gate 6.
At the Customs
Mr Green: Here they
Officer: Thank
are.
you, sir. Ever5fthing's all rigbt. Nothing is more dutiable.
Welcome to our country!
Mr Green: Thankyou. A. Questions
l. What is Mr Green doing at the moment? 2. What does the customs officer want to kno#? 3. Has Mr Green got anything to declare? 4. What will hehave to do? B. What sre the exact words the customs olficer asked-Tracy? The customs officer asked Tracy if she llad anything to declare. He asked her she had bought anything in the Duty Free shop. He also asked her which hotel she was going to stay at. Then he asked her if she minded opening her suitcase. Next he asked her whose camera that was. He asked her if she was meeting anyone there. Finally he asked her what she had got in the bag and told her to have a pleasant day.
' if
C. Translate into English-
AF 472 to Amsterdam is delayed thirty minUtes. Flight AF 472 to Amsterdam, delayed thirty minutes. Lufthansaflight LH 309 to Miami, now boarding at gate 32. Virgin flight VS 876, now boarding at gate 20. Passengers are reminded to keep their luggage
Or[rauep rpocMarpuBaer nacnopra.
with them at all times. Thank you.
nyftcra.
Or[nuep: Ifpnroroure Ba[m nacnopra, noxarqtficra. Bam nacnopr, uoxa-
II: floxarryficra. O: Bu rpaxAaHr{H Beruxo6puraunn? 354
355
fI: Her, t
aMePI'IKaHeq.
O: HgsuH[Te .., Bce
B
D. Ansoer the questions.
noptAKe' Baur nacuopr, noxalyficra'
Have you ever travelled abroad? Where? When? What is the procedure of going through immigration and customs? Did you have any dutiable articles? Did you declare them? Did the customs offrcials examine your luggage? Did you enjoy your trip? Why? Why not? How long did your trip last? Which do you prefer: travelling by plane or travelling by train? Wh/
fI: Iloxarryficra. O: Cuacu6o. flacnoPr, noxarryficra. fI: [a-a ....Muuyrovry. Ott y ueux B cyMKe. Ara, nor ou' O: Cuacu6o.
TanoxeHHn
ocMaTpnBaeT qeMoAaHbr
r,I
oTKpbIBaeT HeKoTopble vt3
HLD<.
FinalDiscussion
T: [o6poe yrpo. Bu )Keraere'rro-nu6yAr satsurr? f[: Her. Y tvrenfl B qeMoAaHe roJIbKo JII{qHbIe ne4tl. Orrpurr? T: Her, cnacl,r6o. Bce n uopr4xe. 3'ro Baur vevo4au, csp? fI: Her, 3To He ruoft. 3ror rony6ofi'{el\4oAaH Ivrofi' T: Tax, [otuITHo. 3ro qacrnar noesAra? fI: Her, s 6rtuecl{eH. Mue orrpnrr cyrvrry? T: Her, He HyxHo. Bu uoxere npoxoAurb. T: [o6poe yrpo. Brr Hr OPauuult? fI: Her, suzPoccuu.
I.
a) your last flight; b) your trip to a foreign country; c) the services one can get
on board a modern liner; d) your fust flying experience; e) an episode from any book you've read or any fikn you've seen which deals with air trips, air crashes, air pirates, etc.; D the local airpon; g) your experience ofbooking a flight. 2. Roleplay the situations suggested. 1. You want to go to Warsaw foi a week. You haven't decided yet whether to travel by train or by plane. At the moment you are at a travel agency enquiring about travel to Warsaw.
T: V sac o6uerPaxAancxHfi nacnoPr? fI: Her, y MeHt 6urnec [ac[opr. T: Brt uoxere MHe ero noxasarr?
Bor on. ... Orxpoire Baluy cyMKy, uoNatryficra' rIoHflTHo Bce T: Tax,
fI: [a,
I
t
T: Brt eAere no Aelau? fI: [a, y MeIu npl,rrnafueH]re crpourenbHofi xounastlu 3Aecb' B Topou,o'
t
T: Brt gAecr oAun? fI: Her, r c xenoft. Ona eAer c JIIT.IHrIM T: 3ro naua co6ara?
1
Mu napruePn.
BH3r'IToM'
Aexrapaqnu? Xelaere qTo-To gansurY? BbI 6rcpo. cIIpaBOVnOtr B ero B3rTb T: Brr uoxere fI: ,{a, y MeHf, MHoro curaper vIwITb 6yrlrlor cnuprHoro' T: ,{a, nau [pu,[erct 3alrJlarl'trb Ha 3To rlounuHy' fI: Y MeHq Her aMepnKancroft narlr.IHocrl'I' fAe q vory IIoMeHflrb 4eur'ru? PsAolr,r
co c[paBoqHoil ecrr O6Venurrfi
rryHKT.
spelled your name incorrectly.
3. Your journey is over. You safely reached your destination. You go to the baggage reclaim to get your suitcase but it is missing. You talk to an offtcial and explain the situation. I
fI: Koueqno Her! T: floruuus! 3Aect co6axa. Y6epnre ee. II: I4ssllHlrre! Y sac ecrr 6lanx Art raMoxeHqofi
T:
2. You booked your flight over the telephone but when you arrive at the airport the woman at the reservations desk says your name is not on the passenger list. You lnow there is some misunderstanding. The thing is the clerk
KoHerrHo.
fI: floxarryficra.
Group Work
1. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages oftravelling by air.
i
For: The speed is very high. The flight is very short. Against: If the weather is cloudy you may sit in the airport and wait for your plane for hours. It takes a lot of time to get to the airport. Flyng is expensive. You may get airsick. A plane is not a very safe means of transport.
Jfto6ofi MOXeT.noMeHflTb
TAM HANI'FIHOCTb.
t 356
Speak on:
Think of more atguments. Use these arguments in your discussion. 2. Speak aboutyourfavourite means oftransporl Supportyour opinion by your travelling experience.
I
t
j )
357
4. Mork and Spencer orrJy sells food. 5. Barclays is the name of a British bank.
2. a) Read the text Gramrnar: Review of tenses. f,.eported speegh. Complex object Topic: Shopping Communication: Requests. Offers. Desire
Part 1. a)
When Celia went to buy a new blouse, Cliff and Adrian went too, which turned out to be a mistake. They entered the shop, and Celia started looking at
A
the blouses.
Redthelut
A shop-assistant approached
her.
'Can I help you, miss?'
Tertl:
pm.
'Not for the moment, thanks. I'd like to look around for
Shopping in Britaln
tine, sho TheY oPen at
ttie first countries 6.oo
Text 2: The Shopping Eqedition
something
in Britain at 5'30 or
British shops and shopping habits are also different from those in other countries. For example, in Britain you can buy postage stamps only at a post office. You can buy cigarettes in many different places (supermarkets, pubs, newsagenJs and ofcourse tobacconists), but you've got to be at least sixteen. You can buy fitn for your camera at the chemist's. Most British families don't buy their milk or nelvspaperc from a shop; a milhan and a paperboy or papergirl deliver them to their houses.
In almost all towns there
are. pubs, rbstaurants, fish and chip shops, a post office, clothes and shoe shops and food shops. Here are some of the bestknoum shops that you can find in the High Street of a British town. Marks and Spencer is a large clothes and food supermarket. Boots is another large shop that sells records, household goods, radios and hi-fi, and is also a chemist'sl Lloyds, Barclays; Nation;al Westminster and Midland are the names of
a
bit.'
Celia took a blue, long-sleeved blouse from the rack and held it against herself. 'What do you think of this?'
'It suits you,' Adrian said. 'I don't think it suits you,' Cliffsaid. 'It's too conservative
and old-fashioned,
with that high neckJine.' 'What's wrong with being conseruative?' Adrian said.
'It's the wrong size anyway,' Celia said quickly, before they got into another argument. 'I take size 36.' She turned to the assistant. 'Have you got this in a smaller size?' she said. 'I'm afraid not, miss.' 'It doesn't matter. It's not quite the right shade of blue anyway. I want something in navy-blue. Navy-blue goes with most things, you know.'
'What about this one?' 'Ye's, I rather like that. Howmuch is it?' The assistant glanced at the price-tag. ' I 2 pounds.'
Brjtain's most famous banks. You can change your money here.
'That seems reasonable. I'd like to
b) Questions
Celia went into the changing-room, put on the blouse, and came out wearing it. 'Do you like it?' Celia asked.
ty it on.'
l. Can you buy stamps in a tobacconist's in Britain? 2. Canyou buy cigarettes in a zupermarket? 3. Can you buy filn in a chemist's? 4. Can yorr buy a shirt at Mark and Spencer2 5. Can you buy eggs at Boots?
Adrian said, 'I'm not sure about the colour, but it's a good fit. Ferhaps a bit on the tight side.'
c) True orfalse?
Cliff said, 'The colour's all right, but it doesn't fit you properly. Itls too big
l. British
shops are usually open at lunch time.
2. Children can't buy cigarettes in Britain. 3. British people usually buy their milk from a shop.
for you.'
'I wish you two would stop arguing,' Celia said. 'It doesn't feel too loose or too tight. It's just right. What sort of material is it made of?' she asked the assistant.
358
359
pain of sentenca,
'Cotton and polyester.'
4. Join tlrcse
'Is'it
1. I watched the sun. It was rising. I watched ... 2. She left the house. I saw her. 3. She was shouting at the children. I heard her. 4. She took the letter and read it. I saw ... 5. I heard him. He was singing an English song. 7. We noticed a man. The man was cleaning his shoes. 8. She watched the children. They ran about and played in the garden. 9. Jobn heard his daughter. She was talking loudly. 10. We saw the robbers. They got into the car and drove off.
easy to wash?'
'Very easy.
It can be washed by hand, It can also be machine-washed, and the
colour is guaranteed not to run.'
.l
\ink I'll take it.'
'It's not navy-blue, though,' Cliffsaid. 'It's black.' 'You must be colour-blind,' Adrian said. 'It's navy-blue.'
deciding when to use a bare
infinitive or -ing.
5. Complete the qudstions using the complu object
'One can't see in this lighg le1's have a look outside.'
the blouse.
l. Do youwant...? 2-Did youhear...? 3. Do youexpect...? 4. Has anybody seen ...? 5. Did anybody make ...? 6. Who has noticed ...? 7. Why doesn't the doctor let ...? 8. Do you often see ...? 9. Would you like ...? l0.Did.anybody expect ...? ll. Can you make ...? 12. Who made ...? 13. Did your parents want ...? 14. Who let ...?
'Have you paid for this article?' the manager said.
6. Translate into English using the complex object
'Why? Did you think we were trying to steal it? We wanted t6 look at it in the daylight.'
l. -f cnrruran, KaK KTo-To BorueJr B KoMHary. 2. Hrarro He cJrbrrrralr, rax pe6eHoK orKpbrn ABepb. 3, -II qacto cJrbrruzll, Kax oHa 3aAaBara oAuH ]r ror ]Ke
'They were arguing about the colour,' Celia said.
Borpoc. 4. A suaeta, uro ,{5op,rpr< LrAer no ynqe. 5. Mu Br4errr,z', KaK Aeru no6e)Kalu s caA. 6. V.rnrem 3aMerrrr, rrro )AeHuKLt pa3roBapnBaror. 7. Ona na6ruo4ana, KaK ee cblli roroBr{T nurlrV. 8. Mrr 3acraBl{rlfi 6para upo.recir cBotr crID(I,I. 9. -f xovy, ttTo6bl TbI l(yruna 3To rrJtaTbe. 10. Mq He xoTLtM, 'rro6H Bbr 3To Aerrut4 oauu. 11. Mrr oxr,rAarrt,l, rITo Aenerau[r rrpr,teAer B KorilIe HeAenu, 12. 3acraBbre ee [oMoqb nr. 13. Mrt oxnlaeM, qro oHr4 cKopo [pr,rAyr. 14. Tu xoqerrrb, qro6br r re6e nouor? 15. OHn oxulaJrrr, t{To MbI np}IMeM IacTI,Ie n O6cyxgeuhu. 16. fl xory,.rro6rr BbI IIoIIrIH Me) lan, 17. Oua xouet, qro6rt ee cbrH [ocrynr.ur B yHr.{Depcr{Ter. 18. I cJrbrrrrala, rrro KTo-To orKpbrn r,r 3aKphur ABepb. 19. 3ro 3acraB[T Te6t no.ryMarb, KaK r{crrpaBr{Tb outn6ry. 20, Mou poAr,rrenr{ He rro3BoJrrr MHe ocraBaTbcfl. Ha ynHrle Aono3 lrra. 21. Mofi 6par pa3pemun MHe noJtb3oBarbcr ero asroMo6r,r-
They each tooi< one of Celia's arms, and marched her rapidly out of the shop. She was too surprised to protest. An assistant, seeing them disappear, told the managcr, and he went qfter them. He found them outside, looking intently at
'I
see.' L
I
'They're dways arguing.'
J[6
manager smiled at her. 'They have something to argue 'and I don't mean clothes.'
about' he said,
b) Questions
l. Where are Celia, Cliffand Adrian at the moment? 2.What does Celia want to buy? 3. What colour blouse does Celia want? 4. What does the shop assistant tell her about the blouse she is going to buy? 5. Why do the two young men keep arguing?
in
7.
iadirect speech.
3. Point out the complex object and the verbs after which is used-
thk consfruction
1. She made me do it. 2. I saw him enter the room. 3. We watched the train disappear. 4. You will hear him speak. 5. Mother didn't let the boy go to the yara. O. Ths teacher made the pupil repeat the rule once more. 7. We wanted him to join us. 8. I should like you to come to our place. 9. Nobody expected him to say that, 10. Who wanted you to go there?
360
I
JICM.
c) Ask more detailed questions about Celia's shopping.
d) Retell the text both in direct and
!
Fill in do or make in the correctform.
1. James ... an exercise in his book when his pen ran out. 2. She ... lots of mistakes in her homework. 3. I like.... the washing-up straight after dinner. 4. Sam ... the shopping for me on the way home yesterday. 5. She ... a joke but nobody laughed. 6. She has ... several movies. 7. Just a small slice of cake won't ... any harm. 8. John is going tg ... an appoinhnent to have his hair cut. 9. If you are going to . . . a job you should do it properly. 10, Mum is busy... preparations for the party. ll. Will you ...yourbeds now, please? 12. Could you ... a translation of this article for me, please? 13. You must ...
36r
9. Make your own sentences,
your best to pass want to buy. 15. I
larly.
16.
He ...
a) She turned out to be a successful lawyer.
a
b) It turned out that it was true.
but... much. 18. ... next' beg you to ... nothing 4' I hoPe ZZ.What... you come English? they won't ... him any anslation' hr 26. At last he ... up 28. He tried hard to ... a good impression on the professor, but in this he was not successful.29. At the seaside we ... friends with some people called Blacksmith. 30. She had no idea what to ... 31. He is ... very well at school. 32. L'm... some research on the subject. 33. I like the way you've .'. your hair.34. She ... her own clothes. 35. She ... him her assistant. 36. I like listening to the radio whenl'm... the ironing.37. we will ... whatwe canto help. 38. The local dramatic society is ... 'Hamlet'next month. 39. She "' coffee for us all. 40. We need to think of ways to ... money. 41. The girl's
10. Read the dialogue and
Do it,
8. Make up short dialogues using the prompts.
as
A:
in the exanples'
passenger looked out of ... window ... woman who was selling ... cakqs. ... man wanted to buy ... cake. ... woman was standing rather far from ... carriage. ... man called... boy who was walking on ... platform near ... carriage and asked him: 'How much does ... cake cost?' 'Three pence, sir,' answered ... boy. ... man gave him ,.. sixpence and said to him: 'Bring me ... cake, and with ... other three pence
and saw
did he?
l. smoke much 2. often ask for help 3. talk about her 4. argue much 5. often forget your telephone number 6. often use the phone 7. often have accidents 8. often boast 9..often break things 10. ofteir let you down 11. grumble much
12. oftentell lies
362
necessary. Retell the texts.
A. ... train stopped at ... small station. ...
buy one for yourself.'
B: Oh yes, he did. He was always intemrpting! A: He didn't often change his job, did he? a) He doesn't ... does he?
Fill in articles if
B:
his job!
B: Oh yes, he did. He was always changing
11.
B:
A:
A: He doesn't often change his job, does he?
b) A: He didn't intemrPt much,
B:
special to wear to my cousin's wedding. Something in blue, I think. How about this lovely dress? It has a jacket in the same colour to ... it. Yes, it's beautiful, but it looks a bit smali. Do you think it will ... me? Why don't you try it on? (After some minutes) There. How does it look? It's perfect! The colour ... you. Do you think so? Now all I need is a pair of shoes to . . . .
A:
A: Mike doesn't interrupt much, does he? B: Oh yes, he does. He's always intemrpting! B: Oh yes, he does. He's always changing
JiIl in: match, go with, suit, fit.
A: Good moming, madam. May I help you? B: I hope so. I'm looking for something really
skirt ... from her mother's old dress. 42' This bed ... of wood.
a)
as in the examples.
Some minutes later ... boy returned. He was eatipg ... cake. He gave three pence change and said, 'There was only one cake, left, sir.'
his job!
b) He didn't ...'did he?
\
... man
B. Lpst Saturday Susan and Ann went shopping. First they bought all ... necessary foodstuffs, and then Ann said she wanted to buy ... new sandals for ... summer. So they went to ... nearestbig shopping centre. It is ... big department stor€ where you can buy practically overything. Susah took Ann around and showed her all ... departnents. First they went to ... shoe department where Ann tried on several pairs ofsandals and at last bought her style in ... white that fitted her perfectly and at ... reasonable price. ... two girls then went to .. . ready-made clothes deparhnent where they sold ... dresses, ... skirts, ... blouses, ..: shirts, ... sweaters, ... jackets and so on. Some beautiful summer frocls attracted Ann's attention, she looked at ... qounter but didn't buy any; some vr'ere too tight, some too loose, none fitted well. Besides, ready-made clothes were expensive in this shop. ... only thing Ann bought for herself was ... pair of ... black stockings.
363
12.
Fill
ryQlu n)qrue rex, r
in prepositions or adverbs if necessary.
l. What size . . . gloves does your daughter wear? 2. Ip your blouse made . . . silk or ... nylon? 3. This frock suits ... her and she looks so well today. 4. Go !o the frtting room and try .... the green frock. 5. Go ... the mirror and have a look... yourself. 6. I'm afraid this shin is a bit loose ..: you. 7. Youmust choose another belt. This one does not go ... your light dress. 8. Jeans are still ....fashion. 9. Some st5rles never go ... ... fashion. 10. My wife has spent a lot of money ... fashionable furniture. 11. Where do I pay ... the things I've bought? - ... the cash-desk which is ... the exit. 12. I need a suit ... everyday wear. 13. Won't you have another look... these shoes? I think it's just the pair . . . you. 14. What size do you take . .. shoes? 13. RetuA the
will you give me if I give you five
shall give you forty cents,' answered the shopman.
want to buy anything. It is my homework for tomorrow, and I cannot do it myself.'
'Thank you,' said the boy.
'I don't
14. Translate into English.
Kaxoro pasMepa'nepvarril (ryQln, nalrro) nn Hocrre? 2. 3to rrlarre uler sra rulrud. He npurrreprftre 3ro [narbe. Bau He [oAxoAr,rr rlBer. l4pLel nu MHe ora 6rysxa? 2. fl, xouy Kyrlltrb ryQnu B roH cBoeMy IIoBoMy KocrloMy. 4.3ror KocrK)M IrJIoxo cl,rAlrr na une. 9ro ruratre oqenr xoporuo cr{Arrr Ha sac. 5. gror roly6ofi ruapr[ KpaclrBo coqeraerct c nauefi 6nysrofi. 6. 9ru ry{nr He rloAxoAtr K rBoeMy HapsAlroMy ruIarblo. 7. 9ra 6ny:ra uupoxa re6e. Sror KocrIoM BaM ul{poK. 9m marre uHe ysro. 9ru
l.
BaM rnAer. Bam
ry($fl{ Mrre Ma,rbl. gror nuAxaK BaIu y3oK. 8. 3ru ry$nn oqeHb KPac}IBbI. Ilprurcpme roc 3ro lanbro oqeHb 3reraHTHo. Ilpnueprre e4o, 9. 3ro uarrro cJrlrrrrKou Aoporo Ar{ Merlfl. 9ror soHrrir He oqeHb goporofi. 10' Mse rryxnbf IeureBbre ryrfull AJII ynnlbl. fl upegnouuraro HocHTb AelueBble BeilIH. 11. Bu xoture, qto6rr oHa Ky[nna grl{ AoPorue ryflnvt/l - [a, ouu uegr
TaKne Kpacr4Bste. 12. Huna ne cnaJla lr cJIbIuIa[a' KaK ee cecrpa BoIIrra B KoMHary. Oua noryrctBoBaJla, qto Anna Kacaerct ee pyKl{. 13' Xorr sru
364
B Hr,tx
ueyao6np. flo,xax[le,
-
Once a little boy entered a shbp and said to the shopman: 'How much shall I have to pay for ten pounds ofsugar, two pounds ofcoffee and three pounds of butter?' The shopman took a piece of paper and a pencil, wrote something down and said: 'Four dollars and sixty cents.'
'I
qro
Koropbre rroKyrrKlr. Mne r{nr
story using reported speech.
Then the boy said: 'How much change dollars?'
tD( He Bo3bMy,, noToMy
ry uapy. CxolrKo oHa cron,? 14. 3aorasr pe6euxa y6parb cBor{ seqfi. 15. A noryuuna crurreHAr,rK), r4 MHe rrpr{Aercr cAOlr?Tb HOMHe, nox(alD/ficra,
{
t
flpzrraepr re, Kopr,rqHeBrre. Mne xaxerc.t, qro tjuu no4oft.4yr K TBOeMy 3enenonay rocrrouy. 20. Ilocnyruafire naoero ionera, ue 6epure sro narirro.,Ono y)Ke He MoAHo. To, cepoe, ropa3Ao [yque. A yaepeua, qro- oHo 6yAer xopo[ro cnAerb Ha Bac. llpofi4ure B rpr,rMepoqu)fio. Cnga, noxaryftcra. - O, rrurrrbro 4eficrnurenrHo lr3yMrrreJnnoe, Cronrro oHo cronr? - 6000 py6nefi. Bunucarr vex? - ,{a, noxatyficra, r BaM oqeub'6narogapna. 21- v re6a ecrr c co6ofi 4eHrru? - [a, a qro? - OAonxr MHe,'Eoxaryftcrd, cro pydlefi, x zafi,Ey n raserHrlfi KuocK. 22.Btepa f, xoAr4na r yrrnOpuar. -f,.xorena K1mllrb ryQry uo paryurroft qene. Tau 6ura oAna rapa, Koropiu npr{BJrexJra Moe BHr{MaHr.re, Ho Moeno pa3Mepa He 6rrlo. 23. fl.se 6ygy np[Meprrb gro narrbro. -fl He co6uparocr ero noKynarv 24. Cwutu Bbrur.{AeJra KaK npIrHrlecca. Ona 6rua B Kpacr{BoM HoBoM rorry6onr [JrarEe. 25. Csv. 6y4er xgarr nac n a3poropry. Ha HeN{ 6yAer uepuufi nn4xax u cepbte 6aroxll. B pyxax y Hero 6yAer rasera . 26. Olaa 6es rouqa 6wta nocySy: 27. fl" ne lroSlro ee. Ona 6eg KoHqa Bopqur. 28. Ona orreHb pacceflH*afl,. OHa nocrosHHo reprer Berun. 29.Haut ruraH oKa3aJrcr ycneruHbrM. 30. On oKitrancr xopour.rM r,rqxeH€poM. 3l. Oxagarocb, rrro oHa Bcrpeqanacb c Hr,rM paHbrue. 32. Oxasaflocb rtro oHa 3Hara o ero xeHtrr6e, Ho Hlrqero HaM He roBoprdra. 33. Mon po.qrireil,r He rIo3Bonhnt,t MHe noexarl Ha nr4KIrHK B BocKpeceHbe. 34. 3ra rrcaHb xopomo HocuTcr. 35. 3ra KHrrra JrerKo rrHTaercr. 36. Y rrneH.r ecTh, qTo uoqurair s noe3.4e. 75.
An$ter the questions.
l. Where do you usually buy clothes? 2. Where did you buy the suit you are wearing? Did anybody help you to choose the suit? Did you try, the suit on before you bought it? Is the suit expensive? 3. What size do yorl tahe in shoes? 4. Where do you usually buy shobs? 5. What shop do you go to if you want to buy a present?,6. What was the last present you bought? Where did you buy it? 7. What is the best present for.d girl (boy) on her @is) birthday? 8. Do you like to go window-shopping? 36s
Part B
Conversation Practice Sndy
and practise the
4.
following conversatians Relort the conversations.
A: f, 80. English clothes are really good valpe. They C: All right. I can afford the price. A: Are.you being sewed, madam?
are so well-made.
C: Not yet. But could you show me that lovely dress, size 12?
A: Here it is. It's medium size, very atffactive and ma'am ... it fits you Buying Clothes
(A
fssistant,
C;
perfectly, exactly your size. I don't like the colour. Yellow doesn't really suit me. Have you got anything in blue? It matches the colour of my eyes. ,A: I'm afraid I can't help you at the moment. Blue dresses are all sold out. Why don't you try this dark grey one? C: But I don't like the fashion. It makes me look like a saok of potatoes. A: I'm very sorry I can't help you ma'am.
C: Yes, but
llstomer)
1:' C: Excuse me. Can you show me this dress, please?
A: Certainly, madam. Here you are. C: Thank you. Where can I try it on? A: Here is the frtting room. This way, please ... C: . . . I'm afraid, it's a little too small for me. And it's out of fashion, I'm
A. Translate into English.
afraid. A: What size do you wear? C: I have always worn the 20th. And I want a different colour. Maybe, something in green or yellow And another design, too, A: Try this one, please ... Well, it suits you OK. Do you want anything
- flpocrure, rAe orAeJr roroBoro ruarrq? - Ha rropou gTrDKe, HanpaBo or orAeJra ranaHTepeu. - Cnacn6o.
else?
C: Yes,
a
pair of shoes and a raincoat to match the dress.
2. A: Good morning.
Can I help you? C: Good morning. I'd like to buy an outfit for my daughter - a nice dress with a jacket to match. A: How about this?
'
i
,(
\ l
C: Oh, that's nice. I think that will really suit her. A: What size is she? C: Medium will fit her very well.
1
A: Here you are - and here's a jacket to go with it. C: I'm sure they'll look lovely on her.
1
-
I
l
rrJrarbe.
Kaxofi pa3Mep nrr nocure? 48. Moxso ero npuuepnrr? Koneqno. flpurrrepovnar HarrpaBo.
Bau
xaxetcl, qro
oHo HeMHoro senuro? ,{a, uoxarryft. flpr,rueprre 46-ft pa:uep. Her, ouo 6yaer ysro. A vro y Bac ecrb etrIe B cepbrx roHax? - MHe raxercr, BaM no4ofi4er Bor 3To,rr[aTre c 6onrrunu nopornnrou n He
KapMaHaMr{.
t I
9ro 6u nu xorenra? Iloxaxnre MHe BoH To cBerJro-cuuee ruepcr{Hoe
-,{a,srolroftcrurrr.CuAvr[peKpacHo.CxolrxooHocToI,T? - 2000 py6nefi. - 3ro qncraq uepcrr?
I
3.
A: Can I help you? C: No, it's all right, thanks. I'm just looking around. (Some minutes later) C: I like this navy-blue jacket. Can I try it on? A: Yes. The fitting room is in ttre righrhand corner. C: Oh, it suits me very well, doesn't it? A: That's a really nice jacket. Pure wool, a modern fashion. C: How much is it?
366
I
l
i I
-
[a.
- 3anepnnre, uoxarryficra.
.f ero 6epy. A rAe orAel vynor?
K eroyy [rrarbro
Hy)r(Hbt qynKlr B ToH.
- Ha nepaou ?Taxe, cflpaBa.
-Cnacu6o. locnuganut. Roleplay 1.' You are buying a suit for yourself. You want a special kind of suit. A shop-assistant is helping you to make your choice.
367
- Karofi pa3Mep nn Hocnre? -,{yrvraro, vro paruep 5. - Y ueru Hsr raKnx rySelr rrrroro pa3Mepa, Ho Bbr Mox(ere lpuMeprrrb pa3uep 4.5 u 5.5.
B. Describe how you once bought some clqthesfor youtself'
Af a Shoe Shop Shop Assistant Good morning, madam. What can I do for you? Brown: A pair for this boY. Shop Assistant: Shoes or boots, madam?
- 3ru c.nnuxoM
Mrs Mrs
Brown:
Shop Assistant:
Shoes.
Very good. Will you please come this way? Take a
seat,
please. What size does he take? I take size four, and I want a pair of brown shoes. Sam: Shop Assistant: Very good. Will you take offyour boots and try this pair on? They are a very good make and will wear a long time. Here, they are too tight. Sam: Mrs Brown: Try a larger Pair. Shop Assistant: Here we are. This pair is a size larger. But they are too big. Sam: Shop Assistanl I believe we have a half size. Yes, here we are. Try these on. I hope they'll fit nicelY. Yes, they feel all right. trt me have this pair, Mother. Sam: Mrs Brown: Very well. How much do they cost? Shop
Assistant:
Brown:
Thirty pounds, madam. (to Sam) If you will I'll wrap them up for You.
take them off,
Where do I PaY? Shop Assistant: Over there, at the cash desk. Here is the bill. (Mrs Brown goes over to the cash desk and pays the bill. She comes back with the receipted bill, which she hands to the
Mrs
MaJIbI, a 3TI,I cJrnIuKoM BeJII,IKI,I. Kporrle
roro, 3To He coBceM
TO, qTO MHe HaAO.
- Kar saM HpaBrrcr eru ryr[lu c ocrpbrMr,r uocraura? 3ro caurre MoAHhre. Onu nonmyorcr cnpocoM y MonoAbrx rroAefi. - O, oul.r BeJurxoJrenubr! 3ro rar puB To, qro r xoqy. V.nac ecrr pa:ruep 5? -f r.D(
nplMeplo.
-,{a, not, noxanryficra. - O, vro xax pag Mofi pa3Mep. MHe s - 60,4orurapon. - fAe une orularnrr? - Bon'rau, B Kacce.
Hr.rx oueuu
- Brr rpnnnuaere KpeAurHble KaprorrK[ - Kar saM yAo6Ho.
I,rJIIr
yAo6uo. Cxonrxo oun crorr?
roJIbKo Hartlr.IH6ttr,rn?
Roleplay 2.' You are buying a pair of shoes for yourself. helping you to make your choice.
C Describe how you once bought a pair of
A
shop-assistant is
shoes.
Buying Food
l. Mothec
assistant. He gives her a parcel with the shoes') Anything else, madam? Mrs Brown: No, thankyou. Good morning. Shop Assistant: Good morning,.madam, and thank you.
Pete, we've run out of vegetables and we've hardly any bread in the house. You know, now it's your turn to go to the greengrocer's and to the baker's. Peter: Oh, Mother! Why do we have to go shopping so often? Mother: The day before yesterday it was Nelly who did all the shopping. She went to the grocer's and to the butcher's. Pete: Did she? But, Mother, girls are fond of shopping. Let Nelly do it
A. Questions
Mother:Oh, you've been a la4rbones ever since you were born! It's
today as well.
l. What does Mrs Brown want at the shoe shop? 2. What size does Sam take in shoes? 3. Does Sam want brown shoes? 4. How much do the shoes cost? 5. Where does Mrs Brown pay for the shoes? 6. Does Mrs Brown want anything else at the shoe shoP?
B. Translate into English- 3,qpancrnyftre. r{eu uory nouovr?
-.fl
rraory rIpHI\{epLITb
368
sru ryr[nn?
so
difficult to make you go anywhere.
Pete:
Do you want to make me a model boy, Mum?
Mother:I'd like to. Take that bag and don't grumble. Buy a cabbage,
a
pound of onions, half a pound of carrots and a loaf of bread. Here is the money and don't forget the change. Pete: Did I ever forget it? Mother:I don't say you did. But you are so absent-minded. Pete: (sighing): My teacher says the samo.
369
Mother:I expect you to be back in half an hour. Pete: All rieht. I'll dci my best.
-
Mrs Green:
Two packets of butte"r, a pound of chcese and threq bottles
Assistant: Mrs Green: Assistant: Mrs Green:
of milk and a packet of biscuits, please. Plain ones or chocolate ones? :. Plainones, please.. Here they aro" Pay'by cheque at the cash desk. ., Excrrse me'do you happen to knsw where I could find some
Assistant: Mrs Green: Assistant:
ham, minced meat and beef sausages? They are all sold at the butcher's. And I wonder if you stock any cigareltes
here.
I'm afraid we don't. You should try the shop
:.
nBxt door for
the cigarettes.
B. Translate into English.
Y sac KoHrlu;rocb urco. Y Hac KoHtIIucx rryr. Y Hac KorirIHJIca xapro$enr. 2. MHe lryxHo nofrru n 6aranero (6ynovnyro, osoqnofi MarfflllH' psl6rlrril MaratlrH, B KolunrepcK)rc, MonorlrDfio, t[pyrronrrfi uara:rur). 3. 9to HHna BaM rroMonra. 9ro ualra BbrMbrJra Bcrc flocy,ry. 3ro Hurolafi 6sttr.HaIULIM rr.r,qoM. 4. Mos oqepeAb qlrrarb. Trox ouepegr u4Tn3a noKy[KaM]I. Ee oqe1.
fletr xynur rryr. flycrr Aur ryunr KoqaH KaKyrnr olypllbl. 6. He xAure ero' Os He npI'IAer' rrycrbr. flycrr Huxorafi Mu ne oxI'IAaeM' '{ro oi{tl HaM noMoryt. r o6ery. ero 10. Mrr oxuAaeM pa6orarr. 12. Tu xoqerub cAenarb I'rs MeH{ uHoro ee raK 11. He sacraBntft
pe4r rrlrrrs noiyry. 5. IIycP
ueanbHoro
rr,ryxa?
C. Say what thefollowing shops and tsdesmen sell: the butcher, the baker, the grocer, the greengroceq the dairy, the fishmonger, the confectioner, the cakeshop, the sweet shop/the candy store, the chemist, the drugstore, the florist, tlie newsagent
D.
Say
atwhat
shops you can buy
thefollowing:
flour, coffee, sugar and rice; meat; bread, buns, rolls and cakes; milk, butter, cream, sour cream and cheese; fish and hening; fruit an! vegetables; flriwers and plants; sweets and chocolate; medicine and toiletgoods; newspapers and magazines
A.
l.
2. Assistant:
it
B.
Use the words on the left side with those on the right side.
e.g. Abottle of.juice a
kilo
milk
a
packet
a
box
sugar toothpaste matches bread
a tube a
a
tin loaf
of
pgund ajatr
a
bag
a
bottle
a can
carton bar
jam sardines
a
tea butter
.'
a PPt
honey potatoes chocoldte
'lemonade
orangejuice
C Answer the questions WhaJ can I do for You?
Mrs Green: Yes, please, t wouta fike to have ,o*"thiogtfrom this shopPing list.
Assistanf Oh, yor5 shopping list is very big' We stock only items you ask for: butter, milk and cheese.
370
::
questions does stre ask the shop assishnfl) 7. What do€s tbe strop assisAnt tell hex?
a
shopping.
:
Does Mrs Green need a lot of rhings? 2, What exactly does she need? 3. What items on her shopping list does the shop stock? 4. What sort of shop is do you think? 5. Does Mrs Green buy anything in the shop? 6. What
a
Roleplay 3.. Make a shopping list and ask one of your family people to do the
Questions .r
three
l. What are your duties about the house? 2. Do you ofte4 go shopping? 3. Where do you usually buy food? Is there a good choice of foodstuffs there? Do you like to do your shopping in that shop? 4. Is there a butcher's (greengrocer's, baker's) near your house? Do you sbmetimes do your shopping there? 5. When did you last go shopping for food? What did you buy? How
371
much did you pay for the food you bought? 6. Do you sometimes go to the market? What do you buy there? When did you last gg to the market? What did you buy there then? Do you think market prices ar-e reasonable? Do you like to do your shopping at the market? Why? Why not? 7. What food do you buy for a festive dintrer? 8. Who does the usual shopping in your family? ,
-,{afire,
,
3.
Shop assistant: Good morning, Mrs Smith. How are you this morning?
Mrs.Smith: I'm fine, thank you. And how are you? Shop assistant: I'm having a little trouble. I don't have any eggs or butter. Smith: Oh, that's a shame. I need two pounds of butter and a dozen eggs. Shop assistant: I can deliver them this afternoon. Mrs Smith: That'll be fine. I'm having a party tonight for 15 persons. I have a list here of about twenty things. .,. Shop assistant: First, what do you want in the line of meat? Mrs Smith: Can you give me a ten-pound ham? Shop assistant: Yes, here's a nice one. It's $ 5 a pound. Mrs Smith: That seems expensive. But all right I'll take it. Shop assistant: Now what else? Well, I want some canned goods, three cans of peas and a Mrs Smith: can ofpeaches. Shop assistant: Here they are. Now, do you need any milk?
Smith:
Yes, three quarts, please, and a pint of cream ... Well, that's all for today. How much do I owe you? Shop assistant: That's 67.7D.Here is your change from the 100 dollar bill 32.30. Thank you. Goodbye; Mrs Smith. Mrs Smith: Thanks a lot.
noxaD/ficra, rmorpauu.
fluanor 2
Mrs
Mrs
MHe,
- floxarryficra. tlro-uu6yAr eue? - Aa, oAzn nauoH, noxanryficra. - 9ro-Hlr6ygu etrle? - Her, cnacH6o. Cxolrxo c tuenr? - 7.50, noxarryftcra. - Cnacu6o.
- Bau nyxno ceroAHr urco, rvu.rccuc JIn? -,{a, noxanryficra. - Bu xourre roBrAnHy r,urlr Mrco MonoAoro 6aparura? - fonaguny, noxarryficra. - 3ra LroroAaq 6apauuua otreHb xopouar. - -fl I
I 1
I
i
rrc6rrc MonoAyro 6apannny,
1. Why did Mrs Smith come to the shop? 2. What did she want to buy? 3. Why didn't Mrs Smith buy eggs or butter? 4. What did Mrs Smith buy? 5. How much did she pay?
B. Translate into English. flnanor
1
- fl.6st xorelra Kyrl,rrb cBexlre Bac €cTb KoHcepBI,IpoBaHHbI€
rroMr4Aopbr l,I KoHcepBupoBaHHbIe
orypurr?
:
orypuu. Y
I
- \a,rpu AonJlapa, noxalyilcra. Cxolrro [oMI.rAopoB srt so:rMere? - Ouu xoporuge? Cromo cronr nulor-partra? - ,{a, verrrpe AonJlapa KI4norpaMM.
372
ilo6tir.
- Brr xorure Kyprrr,rHy, Mr,rcc[c JIr.r? Ona oqeHb xopouar.
-Hun,
Hn
uofi Myx
He ruo6nrra Kyprrr,rrry.
- r{ecrno roBopr, Mr.rcc[c JIH,
r roxe
ne ruo6.mo Kyprryuy.
l
1
l
Roleplay y'.' You've dropped in at the comer shop to buy a number of things you qeed. The shop assistant seems to be very helpful. Note: comer shop - a small shop that sells food, newspapers, cigarettes, etc., especially one nbar people's houses
J
Making a Complaint
1
A. Questions
Ho ruofi M)D( He
- 9'ro-uu6ygr eure? - Kr,urorpanru Qapura, noxaDlftcra.
l.
Customer: Shop assistant: Customer: Shop assistant: Customer: Shop assistant: Customer: Shop assistant: Shop assistant: Customer: Shop assistant: Customer:
Excuse me. Can you help me? Yes madam? I bought this jacket yesterday and it doesn't fit. Do you want to try a different size? No, I'{ like a refund. Have you got your receipt? ' Yes. Here it is. OK. So that's 150 euros. Here you are. Can I help you? Yes, I bought this DVD player last week and it doesn't work
I see. Haveyou got your receipt? Yes, I have. Can I exchange it for another one? 373
5. Say whether you like to do your shopping in self-sewice shops. Say wh'at , you like or dislike about it
Shop assistant: Of course. Just a moment. Here it is.
Customer: 3.
Customer:
Thanlsverymuch. Excuse me,
I
bougfut
.
a pullover yes&rday and I'd like to
change it.
Shop assistant: Can I see the receipt, please? What's wrong item? Customer: I'm afraid it's the wrong size. Shop assistant: Yes, you're right. I'll get you another one.
4.
Shop
assi$anl
with the
7.
9.
Customer: I
bought this coffee-pot from your shop some days ago and I don't like the colour. I'd like to have my money
back, please. Shop assistant: I'm afraid we don't give refunds. May I see your receipt?
A. Describe something you recently bought Are you satisfted with it? Why? Why not?
Wat?
Do you agree with the statement 'The customer is,always
8. Describe how you once bought some articles of clothes present for your frien.d or relative.
Can I help.you, madam?
B. Did you eyer have to return something you have bought?
6. ll/rite a true or imaginary story how you were oTtge T\ressed into buying somethirtg you didn't like.
Where?
right?'
for yourself or a
Describe a bad experience you had iohen you were doing yout shopping.
for his relative.s and friends. He buy. advice" TeIl him what shops to. try and what articles
10. Imagine a tourist wants to buy presents asks you
for
.to
Group Work
l.
Your classmatg says he/she is fond of shopping. You ask him/her all sorts
of questions about shopping. 2. Discuss the best places for shopping in your crty.
llhy? Roleplay 5.' You bought a suit for € 130 last Wednesday. It doesn't fit. You want a refund or another suit in a larger size. The shop assistant offers you a size larger, you try the suit on and it fits you perfectly. So you don't need a refund any longer.
Roleplay 6.' You bought a watch-in a shop. There's something wrong with it because
it is always
ten minutes slow. You want a refund.
FinalDiscussion
l.
Describe a big department store in your cig (abroad).
2. Describe the shops in your residential area 3, Speak a)
on:
yow everyday shopping;
b) your last shopping for food; c) your last visit to the market; d) your expeiience ofshopping abroad.
4. Say what you think of advertising Does it help to shop? Do you trust advertising?
374
375
Cornacnure rayrn
Kparrrai Sonerr vecrrfi cnpaBoqHnx
lfpoulnoruenue coruracHbrx 3ByKoB ffponrsoruesne
3ayr p b
l-nacnure eayrr m
flponrnorueuue r.lracHbtx 3ByKoB
I
AOJIFIII4 H
see
I
roarrufi. otrDrrrstfi u
bie ten
e
noxoxe
a
6oree otrprrruft, ueu e
o
Aolrufi, uy6ornfi a rparxufi, orxprrrrtfi o
arTn
o
f
AOJIIHII
saw
A
fv0 cnnrHoro orpymerur
Bap[TB,6paur.rt; stot
asuuficrufi uacsbtfi floqrn norynaDenreM
a
f
BcerAa
-
croltr
.uolrnfi uacutrfi, HecKonbro nanouunaroulxfi ovccxufi6scrosefeTe 6eayAapnufi maorttft, ganouunaxiutufi pyccxr.rfi 6eyAapurrfi rnacuuft B cJIoBax HyxeH,
er - eil (paee) au - oy (home)
put too
e
(myxofi)
ar
- aft (five)
au - ay (now)
NB!
376
Y-naoenNe s
cr4JrEHo
oKpyrntloTct
l,l Bbl.llBl{rztroTc, Bne-
Q, npu npor.rsneceHr{r{ Hl.IxHtt ry6a cnerKa fiDr,rxuMaercr r seDxHnrvr sy6aM
npfi npor{3Heceuur,t Ht{xutt ry6a clerua
np[xr{Maercr
K Bepxrr,rM ry6arrt, e xonrqe
o6a rayra o6paryrorcr npl4 noMolqlt t3blr(a, KoHqnK KoToporo noMerllaeTct M9x.uy
wet
fall volce,
live thin
epe4Hrrr.r ra sy6ar',nr
0
then
(gnosxufi) c, npil npoH3HeceHl{r4 Kotrtll,IK t3BIKa Haxos
cup
so
A!4TC' npoTlrB aJrbBeoJr 3, npH npoI,I3HeceHuI{ KoHqI{K .f,36lKa H(IXO-
fur
ago
z
AItTCt npoTxB zur6BeoJl,
B KOHUe CJIOB He
zoo
ornyuraerct
t
d
T, rpox3HeceHHoe He y ry6or, a y B6InyKrofi'{actu aJlbBeot, nepeA DIacHEIMU 3ByKatM u npor.r3Hocr4Tcr c flpr,rl6lxaHlreM A, npou3HeceHHoe He y sy6on, ay BbInyKrofi .iacrn aJIEBeoJI, B KoHqe cJIoB He or-
tea
did
nyuraerct n
H, npou3HeceHHoe He y sy6on, a y BbtnyKnoil qacrlr aJrbBeor, Bo3Alx npoxoAlrr qe-
no
DC3 HOCOBYIO IIOJIOCTb
ue - va (tour)
rudroHrax Bcerna naJlaer Ha neDgrtfi 3teMerIT.
man
HVTBI
n
rr - o[6oin) ra - ua (near) ee - ea (hair)
bad,
lab
cnoB He oflvuaercc
KOMHATA
IuQroHrn
B KoHue cJloB He
ry6rt urorno corur-
M, npu rrpor43HeceHun
B,
rpairlrfi uaurufi, npn6nr.rxatoquficr r pyccKoMy a B cJIoBix:
3
156
upoll:nocurcr 3BoHKo,
orrvilaeTcc
oe.n o6oagvq vsrcoe rownoe orBepcrl{e
got
O
aorrl,rfi y 6es
w
v
rpa'rxufi y co cra6slrr,r oKpyrneuleM
u u
Ha e B cJloBlx 3Tor, uenb
6,
rIonnrep pen
[pr4 rrpo]€HeceHux Haflptxenuste ry6u
llpuuep
llpoulroueHue
3ayrc
n, [por43Hocr,rTcr c [pr4AE.xaHr,reM
J, nporrcHeceHuoe ue y sy6on, I
nofi qdcrr4 arbBeoJl
a
y Bblrryx-
leg
377
cnerKa 3arHyrErfi f
I
Har34A KoHqr,rK f,3BrKa
flo,uHr.rMaercr fi 3a,4HeMy.cKaTy BBrnyKnogrI,I aJIBBeor. Kon.rur gsrtra a6comorHo HenolIBI4XeH L He (aCaeTCt aJIbBeOJI, M-STKI'I,I DVCCKHI4
III
u-rr4ufi pyccxlrft rc
YAapxsre rnacHbre she
B cJroBe Borgmr,r
3
tJ
nDoH3HOCl,rTcr rBeD)Ke DVCCKOTO
d1
o3BOHqeHHbIU rr
k
K. IIDOI,I3HOCI,ITC'
I
r,
q
C NDIINbIXAHHEM
B KOHTIe CIOB He
llpaarna qreHrt
red
OrlyrraeTcrl
Tun crora
vrslon
Orxprnufi cror
chin June cat
3arpurrrfi cror
got,
bie n
nPI4 npolr3HeceHr.rr,r 3aAHrfl cnfiHKa q3blKa
cMrrKagTcr c onyueHHrrM
urrxuu ue6ou,
x Bo3Ayx rPoxo.(r.rr qePe3 HocoByro no-
F.nacnnfi
rnaqrrri
sing
h
JICTKI,II,T BbUIOX
MeHee rrryMHbrfi, cna6srfi
how pyccrnil il
* r*
corlacnuril
JIOCT6
J
*ru
firacusrfi
yes
* r*
uacsufi
li
lerl
li:I
larl
laul
[iu:]
Yv larl
name
she
nice
hope
tube
my
Aa
Ee
Oo
Uu
lal
leI
lrl
lpI
lnl
lrI
bad
pen
pin
box
cup
myth
lo:l
lr:l
lr:l
lr:I
lr:J
[r:l
car
her
sir
or
fur
Byrd
dark
term
glrl
pork
bum
bymie
leal vary
lral
lalal
[r:]
UuaI
laal
Here
hire
story
DUre
twe
Co.{eraxrn rnacHbtx - see; a{rs - grass;
ea - sea;
ie - believe;
ei: receive
a*st - last;
a+sk-
a*sp - grasp;
a+lf-half; a*lk - talt
ea
lpI
a+lm-calm; a+ll - wall; oo+r - door; wa - want
Iu:]
oo - too;
ou - group
Uu:l
ew-new
li:l lo:l
lr:l
lul
lr:l In]
lerl larl
lrrl laul laul
lral I
leal
lual
ee
oo - book ea*r - learn; o - son; ai - rain; i+gn - sign;
oi - oil; ou - out; oa - coat; ea*r - neal; ai*r - chair; oo*r - poor;
*r
au -
tas[
- heart
author;
alv - saw;
augh+t.taught ought + t - thought; wa*r - warm
wo*r-work ou - country; ay - day; i+ld - child; oy
oo
-
toy
-
ow - down or(- know; ee+r
o+ll - toll;
o+ld
-
cold
-
engineer e*re - there; ea*r
our
flood
they; eigh- eight i+nd - blind; igh- night ey -
-
-
bear
tour
t.
I
378
379
llrroxaqnR
Goqeranrn cornacHbtx ck
tkl
luck
sh
t[
ch
IU]
ship chip
tch
rur t0t t6t
th th ph
,{,lr anrnnficrofi ut{rouaur{u
thick this
rz'lert]
TeA onosAar.
tfl
phone
late. ['ted
qu ktr ng
lkwl
quite
BOCxOAquIufi TOH BblpaxaeT He3aKOHqeHHOCTb BblpKAlbIBaHHt, OTCyTCTBI19 KaTenO-
lnI tnI
knife thing
nk
lrlkl
sink
wh
puqHoqru. On ynotpe6ruerct npn [€p€t{ucreHI4u,'s o6unx Borlpocax, tpe6ynulnx orBera 'ha' url.r "Hgr", n nepaofi rlacr[ ItrbrepHar]tBHblx BonpocoB, a raloKe B KoHue cMErcJloBblx rpynn, Ha roiopr,re .qertrct .qnr o6nerqeHilt npol'r3Hecegrul AJIt'tHHbte rrpeAnoxeHr.rr. Kpoue roro, socxoAqrqufi tou ynorpe6nlsw npil nexnrnou o6parIIeHuIr B rrpr{BercrBl,ttx, BttpoKeHntx 6laro.qapnocru I{ T.rI. B rpaucrpnnulrl,I Bocxorctr1flfi rbH o6osHa.Iasr"t atu"*o" [ ' ], nanpaanetrxslrrr enepi. Is Ted late? ['Iz 'ted 'lertl Tea
[h] who
*
ocralgHbre uacHrre wr B Haqale cnoBa IIePeA rJrircHbrMrl
Cornacxue
3ByKr,r,
lwl what [d writer
xuetoqre ABa BaplaHTa qreHrn
l-pauuarnqecKnf cnpaBoq
c lsl - nepe,q eriry: nice, city, iq [k] s ocraruHbrx cnyqarx: come, catch g tdJl - repeA e, iry: large, engine, gtm lrcKJrpqeHr{t: get, begin, give [g] - n ocranrHbrx cJrJ rarx: good, go
o
fiE:t'
Closecnuu yAopeHrreM HtBbrBaercx sbuerdnr.le clora B crose. B rpancKpfinqr{H o6osHa.Iaercr 3HaqKoM [ ' I nepea yAapHbrM cJroroM. Hanpur',rep: happy ['hepl] cvac rut uewil; again fa' genl c u oea,
yAapHEiM cnoroM: engineer
[,en$r'nre]
l-s
2
vou-TBl.
z;
O6sercnruil naaorc (roro? romv?) me
he-
;rt o
MuonocJroxHble cloBa uMetor, KaK npaB[Jto, ABa yAapeH[t: MaaHoe tt
[ ,]
ll*reHnre.nuusrfi na.qern (ICro?)
I
86I
oH
3
she - ona
I
we
2
you-
3
they - oulr
it - ono
BTOPOCTeneHHOe.
tpancr<prnquu BTopocren€HHoe yAapeHne o6ooHaqaflcr snaqroN,r
r-K
O6osHa.raror Jtl{qo unu npelMgr n ynorpe6nxrorct BMecro I{MeHil cyDlecrBI{TeJIEHono. llueior rfopvn nte*"ten""oto ll o6ierrnoro na,uexefi. Jft.ruo
Agrlnficrre
H
Iuqnule MecrotiMeHxn (Personal Pronouns)
Ygapexre
- MbI B6t
-
MeH.t. MHe
- te6c- re6e. aac. gaM him -.ero, : vou
her
itus
euy
-
ee, eft ero- ee-
evv. efi
-
Hac, HzlM you - Bac, BaM
them
- rx, r.ru
NB! Mecroravenue I gceraa nultsrct c 6olsuofi 6yxsn!
nepea
uHncevep.
ynorpe6refi ue JrlqHbrx uecrgurueHnfi
Oparoauru yAspen[eu Ha3HBaercr 6oaee cusnoe npor€HeceHtle oAHt{x cJroB (yaapxrx) B npernoxeHnfi no cpaBHeHlrrl c .qpynr.rMn cJroBaMH (ueyaapHurrru).
he, she
-
V4apnrruu croBaMr.{, KaK npaul{no, -sBrttorcr c) uecrBrrerhHHe, npxnarare;lbHbte, cMbIcJloBEle rJlaronbr, qucJlmeJlbHHe, Hapoqnt, Borlpocl{TenbHbte I{ yKa3aTeIbHBte
it
MegtoKMeH[r. Heylapurnrrn o6HqHo csflxro[craptnr.ni, coro3Br, npelnoru, BcnoMonaFellbH6le l-Jlan0Jl6r, aTarcKe tlfqHBle I{ nPl{Ttx(aTenbHHe MeCTOt{MOHr{t.
they
-
you
-
-
.
BMecTo.
:
oAyllenneHgbx c]4r1ecrEurenbn6xi
BMecre HeoAyIIIeBneEHBIx cyulecrBl'ITensH.rx, a6srpartnrx
nosrtnfi u
xuBorHblx B eAItIrcrBeHi{oM ql4cJt€; : ' 3aMen*er KaK o.[yuegrBJIeHHEIe, TaK I{ HeoAyIuecrBneHHBIe cyqeorBrrenlHagsaHrnft
t 380
ro-
catch
,wh*o
B
xapaKrePHbl ABe ocHoBHbre PerreB6le uelo.qnz, ABa
Ha: Hncxo.(culufi u socxoAxtqufi.
HHe BO MHOXeCTBeHHOM ql{Cfie,
(yrHocl'lrct Ko BiropoMy nnlry eAI'rHcrBeHHoro
x
MHoxecrBeHHoro rrEcn4
T.e. MOXer Ooo3Haqarb o,[Ho Jluuo I{ MHOrO JII,Iq.
381
llprrnxarenbxbte MecrolueHne (possesslve pronouns) Brrpaxaror npuuq,q.nexnocrr tr orBeqarot Ha Bonpoc whose - ueil, uot, uae? l{Meror.uge lpoprrrrr: ocHoBHyro u a6comqrnyrc. JIuuo o
I
()
2
Oixoaxas 6ooua
I
o q o
2
lr
3
Boruparxue MecrouMeHHq L cn/+il. cdtt- coila- ca-uu- ce6n
JInqHrre MecrofiMeHllg
A6coabrnac doonra
my - Mofi your - Tnofi, Barrr his - ero her - ee its - ero, ee
3
t!d
Boseparnure MecrorMeHrn (Reflexive Pronouns)
I
mlne yours his
you he
myself yourself himself
hers
she
herself
it
itself
we you
ourselves yourselves themselves
its
our - Har[ your - BaIIt their - ux
ours yours theirs
ther
She cut herself. Ona nopesanacr. She oocncd the door herself. Ona cava orKDlrJra rBeDb
Be 1= 6t,^") e Present Simple
Ynorpe6nexxe nprrfli(arenbHbrx MecroxmeHnf MectouMeHl{r ocHogHoil doprvrEr ynorpe6rrlorcr onpeAenexr.reM K HeMy: This is my bag.
c
:
VrnepAure.nsHan rbonrra
cyulecrBr{TenEHblM. tBJltrcb
orpe6lrrcrrcr 6eg claleqrnrneruxoto H rbr. rronHeHnl ll uueHnofi qacru cKagyaMono,
I
your umbrella Take mine. They are not my
ft)
hel she I'
I
YxasarenrHure Mecroruexnn (Demonstrative pronou ns) Vnorpe6rulorcr npu yKa3aHr[ I4ueror er[HcrBeHHoe
Ha
flpeAMerlr,
I
{
Jrrnqa rr.Jru,BJteHr{r.
r MHoxecrBeHHoe qficro.
'j
ErnHcrseuHoe qflcno
MxoxectseHHoe qllcno
,r
this book - 3ra Kur.rra that boy - Tor MaJlBqr{K
these books - 9Tr{ KHlrru
t
those boys - Te
Marrbrlr.tKr.r
Vnorpe6lexue yKaSarenbHslx uecroumesnfi this, these that,
-
those-
thcyJ
is
ls
f
are
I
(we're)
(vou'r")
are
L lthey're)
f "{
I?
I
net
he
she?
L
rtr
(
we'! youz
.{
L theY?
am not ')
i"j
is not
we I you I they
J
are
[ (wearen't) not I (you aren't) L
(treyaren't)
Arc you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not (I'm not). I am (I'm) a student. Is John a doctor? Yes, he is. / No, he is not (he isn't). He is (he's) an ofrcer. Are they students? Yes, they are. / No, they are not (they aren't). They are (they're) teachers.
I
:
i L
npfi
yKat?r*uu Ha 6a]rrrfie s npocrpaHcrne ,nr!r npeIMeTBr, Jluqa ilJlr{ tBreHnc, npu yKa3aHr.rx Ha 6onee vaarenune s nDosrpansme
so
es.
t,
rrtt
3ro rapangaru, aro pyqKa. 9ro yre6nr,mn, a ro clorapu.
those books on the shelf Bogruu 3Tr.r Kunru Ha croJle, ue 6ept re Kunrrr Ha nonKe.
O6opor there islthere are (ecmb, uueemcnl
soeMeHu
MCHH NPCAMETbI, TIVT\Z I4.iI]/.'IBTEHVT'j
go noe-
fi I i r!
1
382
we ') you I
dmnur
am
trm
Orpxqarensuar Soprua
Bonpocrrre.nuxar
Vraepnrrre.nruas dopua There is (There's) a desk in the roorn. There are some knives on the table.
BonDocure.nrnas dopma Is there a desk in the room?
Are there any knives the table?
on
OrDnuare.ruxaq doDMa There is not (isn't) a desk in the room. There are not (aren't) any knives on the table. are no
:
There
kiives on the table.
Is there any tea in the cup? Yes, there is (some). A.Io, there isn't (any). Are there any questions? Yes, there are (some). A.,lo, there aren't (any).
383
t I
lloeenrrenuHoe
door. pen. , careful. book. late.
Close the Give me a Be Don't take my Dontt be
Don't forget to take your
umbrella.
her them
Let's
.
I I
1 1
l
d6 it.
flycrr
oH cAenaeT 3To. oHa cAeJlaer 3To. oHLr c,qenaroT
flofiAenre ryAa. ,{arafi re noo6e.uaeu
The water is
I
l
Aprr.rr.nr rBrrercq caM6rM pacnpoqrpaHeHHblM orlpQAenrueneM cylqecrBl{TeJlbHoro B aurnuilcrou xgrrxe. B pyccKoM t3blKe aprHKJIs orcyrcrByer. B aguuficrov r36rre uMeerct aBa apruKllt: HeolrpeAeJleunufi (rnaccuQuqutryo-
rqyfi) -a n onpeaelleHHuft (r.rH4r.rnr.r,qyalllsr,rpyrournfi) -the. Hconpe4e.nenuufi aprurlr uMeer ABe i[opuu: a, an. Oopttla a ynorpe6nrercr -nepeA cyuldcrBtrreJrbHblM, HaquHaroul{Mcr c couauroft 6ywt: a desk; t[opua an neper cyuecrBr.rreJrbHbrM, Haql{HaroullrMcr c uacuofi: an apple., Heonpe.qereuHurfi apruur npofi3o[Ien or qI4cJIr4TerEHoro one oduu u Moxer ynorpeSnrrrcr ronrro c uctttacrtceMBlMlt cyulecrBrreJlbHblMl,r B eAnHcrBeHHoM r{I'lcre. Give me a pen. Aaine MHe pfrxy (oauy pyvry). Heonpe.4erennuft aprr,tklr roJrbro yKa3EIBaer Ha ro, tITo npe,(Mer npuHaAJlexur K rcaxonry-nra6yat xnaccy npeAMeroB, Ho He BBlrenter ero tr3 oAHopoAHbIx [peAMeroB,
'
o6parou, xraccu0raunpyroutee This is a pen. It's a good pen. r.rMer, TaKr,rM
3HaqeHI,re.
3ro pyvxa. 3ro xoporuar pyrxa.
3naqeHue HeonpeAeneHHoro aprl'Ixnt npol4cxoA[T or 3HaqeHI'It .rvcnwone, oH xe yno'rpebn-retcr c cyuecrufireJlbHhlMl4 Bo MHoxecrBeHHoM r{I{c-
flocxorury rerirsoto
nel Korra neo6xoAuuo Ha3Bar6 rpynny rpeAMeroB, o6laAaroulm< o6rquyfi, oAI'IHaKoBbrMl{ nprl3HaKuIMI,I, apJLIKIB soo6ue ne ynorpe6l.rercr. 'These are pens. They are good pens. 3ro pyrru. 3to xopomne pyrxu.' OH NOKAIBIBACT, Onpege.neHHurfi a punnu uueer 'qro peqb r4.aer LIMeHHo o AaHHoM rlpeaMerg (unr,r nperrr,rerax), loeecrnorra co6ece.4. HvrKy, u 6rlrgor rlo 3HaqeHI,IKt K TaKUM cJIoBtlM, KaK ?mom, mom, mom c(u'tbru. Kapra (ora rapra) xoporuax. The map is good. 3ro c6roro. .f,6noro This is an apple. (sro r6noro) KpacHoe. The apple is red. I{avrsr (etu quvrn) Kpac{B6Ie. The flowers are nice. ynorpe6Jltlorcf, 6es aprurlr, xorAa pe'Ii ureT o BelrlecrBennue Cyr{ecran'relrHble
BelqecrBe e o6u4eu cwbrcre, T.e. o BeilIecrBe KaK TaKoBoM.
384
rasnrrfi
I like the music of this ballet.MHenpawircr ruyrrmarroro &rera
I
Kar
npaaraao, apTuxnu ne yuorpe6nrK)Tcs c'co6crseHHuM[ rMeHa,Mtr, K rcoT.op6u orHoctTct: l. nuesa uQauunuu ruoAeil: Peter, John Smith; 2. l;,agaatrut nopoAoB: Rome, New York, London;
II
Aprrxns (The Article)
Bo4a roprvar.
oHr,r uMeror npu ce6e onpeAeneHr,re, cJrlD(arqee Anr roro, qro6u ornecrtr npr{3HaK, cocro.*rub, rryBcrao t,t T.n. K KaKoMy-nu6o nuuy r,rJM xpeAMery.
1
fiaaaIrre npoquTaeM nosHfi rergr.
hot.
CyuecrnurenrHbre orBJreqeHHue ynorpe6nrrorcc 6es apruKnr, Korra onu Blrparrc tor orBJIeqeHHBIe noHf,TI,It e o6uqeu crrlucre. I like music. { mo6mo r'lysrucy. CyuecrnnrenmHe orsreqeHnue yuotpe6r-uorcr c o[peAer€HrrErM apruKJreM, rcorAa
vro.
cefi .Iac.
9ro goA4 a He Macno. This is water, not oil. BeulecrseHHrre cy{ecrnu'reatHue ynorpe6rcrcrc.t c onp€Aen€nuBrM aprnxreM, Koj rra peqb uacr o6 onpe.qeneHHoM xornqdcrse AaHHoro BeuecrB4 Korra n3 cr/rg@r1lfl{ r{Jrn KoHTeKcra rcHo, o KaKoM r4MeHHo Konr{qecrBe geiqecrga ruicr peq6. B 3Tou crryqae roBopnAufi fiMecr B Br4Ay Bce KoJrr{qecrBo B€rrl€crBa; rdMerouleecr s Aag+rofi.o6 CTAHOBKC.
iI 1
go there. have dinner now. read the new text.
[,et us
i.r
3axpoil(re).qnepr. Aafi uue pyuxy. EyAr ocroPoxen. He 6epr Molo KHI'Iry. He onarArtaafi. He sa6yAr ssrT r csoft 3oHTI'IK.
him Let
HaKfl oHeH gre
I
.J
3. HarsaHu.r crpau: England, Germany, Spain, Greece, Argentina;
I
4. Hassanut KoHrnHeHToB: America, Asia, Europe, Australi4 Africa; 5. uagsauuc yJrurl, nJrorrlaJ\eft: King Street, Oxford Circus; 6. uazsauus napKoB: Hyde Park, Sokolniki Park; 7 . HassaHus cranqufi rraerpo: Bond Sheet Underground Statiur; 8. narsaHur asporoproB: London (Heathrow) Airport, Vnukovo Airporg 9. Ha:sauur' iuuaepcurvros: London University, Moscow University, uo: the University of London, the University of Moscow.
I
{ I
.
I
i !
rl,1
ii I
1
Ir{B! Ilepea t[aruunr,r.rrrlra, ynor:pe6neHHuMl4 Bo MqoxesrBeHrroM qucn€ .qJrr o6ocgaqeHr.rc qfleHoB oAnofi u rofi xe ceMbr{, yrrorpe6rrrffcs. onpe4erenusrfi apt-nrrls: the Browns, the Pavlovs. Aprnxlu ue yuorpe6rxrorcr nepeA Hapr{qarenbHbrMr{ r.rM€rraMr.r cyqecror{Tenrr{brMu c onPeAeneHHeM, BhrpDKeqHErM .npr4TrxaTeJrEHBrM lrnrr yKa3aTeJrf,ssrM MecTonMeHuEM fiNfi I(OJIUqCCTBCHHBIM qI{CJII,NCJIBHBM. My pen's bad. Mox pyxa naoxax. That man's nice. Tor.reroser xoporunfi. Page seven is clean. Crpafl lqa cenrE qrdcrar.
I 1
l I
I t l i I
BonpocrrenbHbre cnoBa
.t
1
What?
- v'ro? rro, - rnrnfi?
Who? Whom? Where?
- rro? - rono?
i I
i
I 1
When? Whv?'
{
13 3ax.2510
I
ri i
vro (no nporfeccur)?
row?
- r-ne? rv.na? - rorua?
- no.reuvi
'
385
II.
Oco6ue cflyqafi o6Darosafl uq MHor(ecTBeHHoro.qrrcna cvuccrBrrerbHbrx a
(vyxvuua) (xeuquua)
nlan
foot
(nona)
a tcioth
(sv6)
- women - feet - teeth
amouse
(urrrrs)
: mlce
child apostnan
(pe6eHgr)
- children - postmen
a woman a
a
., :.
,Gnoeo-sauecrlre,Ib
a
o'le
:.
1.,.,_
(u""' ono 3alueuaTt Bo ns6exaHxe norropeHr*- cyqesrBlnenrlroro -:lt::o1::: yKa3ereJIBHOe' ynorDe6ntrbcx BO MHoxgCf,BeflEoM qncne};"nep€A KOTOpbIM ',Mofyt ) T'rI'' ' ' MecronMelrner aPrur'Ib' flputiqar€nbHoo l{ saul? asroluo6xnb ''r''' ':'Koropblfl - l. - Which cariisyours?' i forry6of mine. - The blue onqis craKaEEI. re -"flo.Uafi MHe 2. - Give me those glasses. -Koropne? - Which ones? - Te,
- The ones on the shelf'
rmoPue
Ha)(oAfrct ua
Brtr€Jrbtrblx,
oKalrrr'n-
BIIIOUID(C{ Ha cofJIaCuui snlx u.m rnacnylo
'a
ilonre'
a desk - desks
a dog
oftallqnBaroqnect Ha st Ss, x, sh, ch
- days - dogs
a dress a
box - boxes
a bush - bushes
a
cyulecTBlffenbHbre'
y c
Ha
npe4lrecr-
Byrouefi cornacnofi c)uecrBnreJr6116re'
orenqmaroruiecc Haf
knowl'edge,'
- ue6em - CBe,ueHHt
pro'gress
advice
: corer(sr)
news
-
love ..,.. anger . , ':-
money watch
- AeHEnrd
work
- pa6o, a
- r{acBl
fish
- pu6a
fruit
- rbovrrrr
baby - babies a story - stories
leaf- leaves a shelf- shelves a knife - knives
- 3HAIIW*
:
'
i
:.}CIrexU
-
BOJIOCbI
- ffo6oB6 - 3nocrb
slums - rpy{o6rr trousers - 6prorr spectacles - orrKr.r tropics - rponr4Kr{
memoirs - MeMyapEr scales - Becbr
IlpnrnxarenbHbri naAex cyqecrBl,rrBryEnbHBtx OcHosrrre 3HarreHr.ri: npuuagrexudcru, o6lq4an4e treM-To, onncanie (c o.qyueonesnuuu rMeHztM[ c1mlecrBu'renrnrmu) EauncrB€nuoe quc.lro MHoxecrseHHoe qugro
-'s a
boy's toy
a
girl's
a
-'s
dress
an actress's a
:
hair
HOBOCTT4
zuburbs - orp:trlna
city - cities
a
T
Cyulecrune..ubHbre, ynorpedlqeulre ro.JtbKo Bo Muo?rcocrBeHnoM qrlcre
- dresses
a bench - benches
6yrny
- I,IOFOAO "
furniture information
a bus - buses
cyrqecTBlfrerbHhle'
oraHqnBaroul[ecc
weather--
clothes - oAe)KAa goods - ronap politics - rioni.nr.rxa
cat: cats
a day
- phenomena - sheen
-
(onria)
contents - coAepxaHr.re wages - 3apflnara
book- books
a
(rnnenue)
phenomenon
a sheep
m.
IV. 6onsurrnrsrBo cyuecr-
(nosraaron)
life
woman's maga-;zine
boysl toys
children's shop
girls'dresses
rnen's hobbies
actres'ses' livF6
womeli's magazines sherp's wool
lawyers'dutiix
Brrms'/s\ mms :deer?s;hnrns the Romanovs' farnilv.'tree Heoryureblerurte cyulecrBrfleJrr{ue, xak npaBl{Jro, nepeAaror 3Harr€Hne ,
-
flp-r{Ha,ulexHocTl{ npH noMorq[ coqeTalMt
theroofofthehouse theendofthestorv
of * cttuecmeumtennnoe
I thecoverofthebook I thebackofthechoir 387
386
Hermopne Heo.uyrueBJregH rdvd.6'r ri-'E npr6aueuur lrpI{oaBJIeHilt
20-90
month's holiday, today's news, an hour's sleep, a mile's
:-r,r-]_. industry, rtr^^^^--.,Moscow's
a,_
,
HaBBaHr.r, .. ,,l.ro6osHavarorq[e HeKoroprre
crpaH r.r ropoaoj (B.ituin,,
theatres)
20 twenty
100 n aa.nee 100 a (one) hundred ['hrrndrrd] l0l a (one) hundred and one 102 a (one) hundred and two, eti.
['twentrl
2l twenty one 22 twenty-two, etc, 30 thirty ['03:trl
200 rwo hundred 300 three hundred, etc. 1000 a (one) thousand ['Oauzand] I 340 a (one) thousand three hundred and forty 2235 two thousand two hundred and thirty-five
40 fony ['fr:tr] 50 fifty ['frftrl 60 sixty ['srkstr]
Hexoropqre oco6eHHocryt ynorpe6reHm nprrexarenbnoro naAexa
70 seventy ['sevntrl 80 eighty ['ertr] 90 ninety ['narntr]
3000 three thousand 100 000 a (one) hundred thousand 1.000.000 a (one) million ['mIUan] I 000 000 000 a (one) milliard ['mrUo:dJ (au ep. billion) [i bt U an]
Ilopngroesre qrcnrrenbHbre
t-fr-12-fr 9ucnrrenuxbte (Numbers) 9nclnrelrsrre leJrtrc .JrlnreJrb'Ere or 13 ao 19 06paryorcr or coorBercrByroulrfx Aec{TKa npr6aBreuneu cyrfr[r,rrca -teen: six HOCtTcr c AB)atr yaapeHn',uu.
9rcnrre*xue,
-
lst first lfg:stl qr4crr4Ter6HBrx nepBoro
'six'teen, seven
-
seventy.
flopailrorsre qucJrr.rreJrrH're, Ha',vH. c Morllbrc cy$r[urca -th: sixth, seventh.
r{rrcJrr,rrelrBHoro
-ty: six -- sixty,
l -12
{0ri:l
4 four [fr:] 5 five [farv] 6 six lsrks] 7 seven [sevrr] 8 eight [ert] 9 nine [narn] l0 ten [ten]
ll
'
eleven [r'levn]
13-19 3 tlirteen ['0r:'ti:n] 4 fourteen ['fr :'ti : n] l5 fifteen ['frf'ri:n] I 6 sixteen ['srks'ti : n] I
I
7 seventeen ['sevn'ti:n] 8'eighteen ['er'ti:hl I 9 nineteen ['narn'ti:n] I
I
seven
-
4 (four), o6parylorcr c no-
KonnqecraeHHbte q[cnrrrenbfl bte
3 three
,{.npo}r3-
o6o:uararoulr{e AecrrKl., o6paryrorcr or coorBercrByloul,x rrucnil-
TeJrbHErx nepBoro AecrrKa rryrervr npr,r6arneHr.rr cyQQuxca
"l one [wnn] 2 two [tu:]
,seven,t@n
2nd second ['sekandl 3rd third [0r:dl 4th fourth [fr;01 5th fifth lfrfel 6th sixth [stksOl 7th seventh ['sevnO] 8th bighth lerte] 9th ninth [natnO] lOth tenth [tenO] I lth eleventh [r'levn0]
13-fi:19-ft 3th thirteenth ['0r:'ti : nol l4th fourteenth ['f]:'tl:n0l .
I
l5th fifteenth ['frf'ti:n0] 6th sixteenth ['srks'ti: n0l 7th seventeenth ['sevn'ti : n0] I 8th eigbteenth ['er'ti : ne] I fth nineteenth ['narn'ti:n0] I I
l2th twelfth [twelv0] 20-ft - 90-R 20th twentieth ['twentr0]
2lst twenty-first 22nd twenty-second, etc. 30th thirtieth ['or:ti 0] 40th fortieth ['fr:trO] 50th fiftieth ['frftro] 60th sixtieth ['srkstr0l 70th seventieth lsevntl0l 80th eightieth ['ertr0] 90th ninetieth ['narntrO]
100-ft u aa;ree 00th hundredth ['handrrd0l l0lst hundred and first l02nd hundred and secon-d, etc. 200th two hundredth I 000th thousandth ['Oauzend0] l001st thousand and firsi I 000000th millionth ['mrljan0] I
l2 twelve [twelv] 388
389
:
e HayKe, HanpuJnep dta
2. zero l'ztaraol
-15'C
:
minus fifteen degr*s
uLru
fifteen depnees below zero . 3. o [au] 705 21 80 - seven o five two one
into e, auympo ofl c (co) out of ar, u:tHympu
2:0 : the score was two nothing arr two nil
into the room
to the library r 6r6aumery, to the south Ha ror towards the forest rro HanpaBneHr{ro K necy
uanpaercnun)
dM o6osnaqeiun
KoMHary
pe3 nec
ua towards (no
e meteQouuau Howepax
6 cnopme
B
offthe shelf c nolrcu, offthe wall co sresn out of the house n3 AoMa, out ofthe window u3 oKHa
to e, x,
rc
up s6epx no, (edom)
utru nothing
r.rs
through qep8,c,<6o3bqmon through the window qepe3 orHo, through the forest qe-
o6oznavenun
me 'tnepamypd
eight o
4. nil
from the shelf c noalrtr, from me or MeHr, from Kiev Kr,r'esa
a MameMantfke
1. nought [nr:t] 0.7 noueht.point seven
u:,
from c, om, y,
Pasroeopnure $opusr qu{ipur 0
as
cqemd yzpbt
far
as
do ,
no
up the stairs BBepx rro necrHuqe, up the street uo ynuqe i as far as the tailw4y station.qo soxiana the post'office MrMq floqrgr
Present Simple
(Hacronqee npecToe epeun)
llpegnorn necra abovenad, ewwe
above the city ua4 roporotr,l, above zero Brtrxe Hynt
amongcpedu
among people cpe4lr mogefi at the window y oKHa, at the door oKono ABepI,I at the theatre B rearpe, at the meeting na co6panr.ru bdrind the house sa .qoltoN{, behind the door ga ABepr,p below the ground noA seMnefi, below zero HI,DKe rrynt beside me prAoM co ntrofi, beside the sea y rrropr
uty,6,
Ha, oKono,
uecmonpe6orcauue
behindsa, nosadu below nod, uutce beside pnd ou' c, ox otr o,
e6nwu between uetcdy , by y, eoue, orcono, npu
ina in front ofneped aear effine,oKono,y
nextto padou c on Ha opposite Hanpomul ovir xad
rount
eoxpyz
under nod
between two armchairs Me)K.qy AByMr kpecnaMfi by the river y perr,r, by the window Bo3ne oKHa in the bag B cyMre, in Russia s Poccult in front ofthe house repe/I roMoM near the town Bo3ne ropoA4 near the'river y peri next to the garden ptAoM c ca.qoM on the roof sa Kpbrrrle, on the table Ha crofle opposite that building HanporLIB roro 3AaHut over the table Haa croJroM round the house Borpyr AoMa under the tree rto,[ , under the table no.q croaou
flpegnorn HanpaBneH[F
qepq
across the
actoss (nepeceueuue)
tlongedotta (no),
c; ilowt nq edom (no) euuz no,
390
s@t qepe ymry,
aqoss the river uepee pery
I
{
VraepAure.nsxar
BonpocurersHar
Orpuqare.nrHar
rbonua
rhonu-e
rhonuc
I
we 'l
you |
;" I
you [
,p.ut
they J
they
he 'l
il" j
donotspeak..
(don't)
)
does not speak
speak ...?
speaks
,.,
(doesn't)
I
Cnyrau ynorpe6neHre
i 1
l. Perylrpuo
noBropqoul[ecs
B HacrorureM BpeMeHr4,
Aefi crsr4r
{larrrr,
o6u1e-
I{3BCCTHbIE HCTI,IHbI.
I go to school every day. xoxy B rnxony xar4,qnfi 4eur.
-fI
She reads a lot.
usoro qrrraer-I like this idea.
C)na
Ir ,1
ir
2. C nnaronavra vyrcreennofi u yvrcrneruofi IerTeJrbHocTr4, a Taroxe c uamaaur,r oG flaAaHr,rt: see, hear,
beliwg know, under-
stan4 like rralize, own, possess, belong
Mfie npararc-r 3Ta r,rne{. I see and hear you well. .f, xopouro Blrxy r.r clruny re6.r.
rrefer- mean n nn. 3, Bygyu{ee refrcreue B coorBercrBrlr,r c pacIII'caH]IeM.
My bus starti in five minutes.
Mofi amo6yc ornpaBJlrercr qepe3 flrrb MrrHyr.
The plane arrives at 7 o'clock.
no
along the road no Aopore, along the river BAonb pexlr down the stairs rnur tlo JlecrHl,tue, down the hill c ropsi, down tre conidor no ropu.uopy, down the road no gopore
Cavonsr nofi6breasr s 7. Hall6olee vacro ynorpe6JrreMbre o6crosrerscrna BpeMeHr.r: always, ever, never, as a rule, every day, (weelq mgnth, year), now and then, generally, seldonr, occasionally, usually; r'egularly, rarely, sometimeq from time to time
391
to have a good tirne (a rest, a joumey, a holiday), to have a class, to have a look
-
V + -(els: Spelling Rules Hanncanne rnaronoB c cy$Qraxcou'(e)s firaro.n
Orconqanue
rqEnHqlftteTgn:
e HacorracHrtfi
n 3.n.
o'clock.
flocre r.nyxoro
works
ash work narnacgslfi
dooma I have dinner at four
flocne gsoHroro corracnoro - [z]
asks,
cornacHoro
-s
t zl
-
We always have a good time in summer.
[sl
+-y
o
Br:
pass,
passes,
push, catch,
pushes, catches, boxes
cdl-ltacutrfi
lzl
fly,
flies,
cry, fru
tries
lzl does, goes
dot so
after noarc
afterthemeeting nocreco6panur
tt
at 2 at
e (movnoe epeun)
{
neped, do
{ {.
HavelHave gof B Present SimPle
l. dooua
f havegot he 'r f fte's got) st'e LuaY {(stre'sgot) it -j nas got L (it's sot) 2. hrve
Bonpocnre.lsuar dooua Do you have ...? (Br, Am)*
uJtu
Haveyou go/.....? (Br) Does she have ...? (Br, Am)
I haven't gbt . .. (Br) She doesn't have.'.
uu
ulru
Has she got ...? (Br)
She
(Br, Am)
bell
Ao 3BoHKa
o'clock
during the
in e (uecnq, zod),
in 2005, in May a 2005 ro.uy, n rvrae rrepe3 HeAerro, in a week, qepe3 rBaAHt in two days
qepe3
for e meqenue
party
for an hour, for three months
from ... till c ... do
from 9
on e (duu, damw)
on
till l0
Friday,
K ceMr,r qacaM
Bo BpeM.fl BeqeprHKl.r
qac,
.
TpI,r
c9
since c
since l0 since
tilVuntil do, eruoma do
5
ao
l0
5 tur,apt
o'clock, c Aecrru qacoB,
moming
till August,
till
Mectua
B rrrrHr4uy,
on the fiftlr of January
hasn't got ... (Br)
B pfAe. ycrofi.rraruo< coue,ranuft, BbIpDKUUOUI.{X AeqTeIbHOCTb I'IJIII OIIHO-
Hoqbro-
dirring eo epeun
(Br, Am)
uJtu
rqwnoe qeiicrsne: tohave breakfast (lunclr, dinner, tea' supper), to h:lve a snack (a talk, a bath, a seat, a walk, etc'), 3i92
Orpuqare.lrHar ' 6opua I don't have ...
before the
s2 taca,
by geven
have/have got = umeru, o6.naAaru
Yt.eeprurreJrnan
dclock, night
by* {
J
We don't always hAve a eood time in summer.
British English
before
cries,
o Ha-o
drcy
at
four o'clock.
llpep,norr BpeueHx
-es
+-y
I o*" you
dooma
I doi't have dinner
Do you have dinner at four o'clock? Do you always haVe a eood time in summer?
lrzl
sa-sq+hr+br-x
1*
Orpuqare.nuHan
Am= AmericanEnglish
paYs
box
o
*
plays,
play, pay
Bonpocurenrnar dooua
VraepAurelruaR
rIpourxorueuue
erl- qHc.Ile
runs,
run,
o
f.naror
o'clock
c
yrpa
.{o aBrycTa, Ao nrru qacoB
393
HeonpegeneHHble MecTorileHnF'some, any' no n vtx npon3BopHbn B VTBeD,IUT. [peAro?lc.
B BOnDOCIIT. nDeJlJIOrl(.
llcqrcaseuue
Heuc.tucJneMgle
CYTUOCTBllTC.'IbHHC
cvrIlecTBrTe.IlbHbte
raroftnu6ygr,
CKOJISKO-
l. YrnepArtrenruue
There are a lot ofinteresting
sv6yrr
npeAnoxeHut
things in our life. Students have a lot of exams.
any
HECKOJIEKO
something
/not any
HeonpeAeneHHbre MecroliueHxt a lot of, many, much
npeafiox. - unraxoil,
- xarofiHn6yAr,
- xarofi-ro,
some
B OTDUUaT.
- qTo-To,
anything
uro-nr.r6yAs
rio
HI{CKOJIbKO
There is a lot
We have a lot of snow this year.
ru6o,
nothing / not any-
qToj
thing
Ho: You have so many books!
nobody, no one / not anybody, not
You have too many mistakes
- r{To-
- Hl{qero
- KTO-TO, rro-nra6yAs
anybody
-
anyone
ra6o,
KTO-
KTO-
xr.r6yar
- HH
OAr.rH,
somewhere
anywhe(e
nlr6yAs, rcyAa-
- rAenu6o, ryAa-nn6o
nowhere
not anywhere
/
I've got very many problerns
- H}trAe, Hnr(yAa
relatives in Moscow. 2. Have you got any relatives in Moscow? 3' I
2. BonpocrreruHrte
Are there rhany interesting
Is there much
npelnoxeHt{t
things in your life? Do students have many ex-
Do you have much snow
ams?
this year?
3. OrpuqarenrHrte
There aren't many interesting
Ther,e.isn't much work to do.
nPeAnoxeHI{t
things in our life.
Students dori't have many exams.
{(. dog anywhere:
workto do?
We don't have much snow this year.
Heonpe4eneHHbre ilecrorMeHrrn
few, (a) Iiftle
(: I can find the dog nowhete') Heucqrc.nnerubre cyulecrBtrreJlbHbte
I{cqHc.tlqemule cvulecrBureJrbHbte Oco6ue cn) rau ynorpe6llesur some
t,r
any
some rrloxsT l{crroJtb3oBaTbcr B BorrpocltTeJIbHBX npeAnoxeH}rf,x, eclu oxugaeuufi qro-nIl6o: orBer nonoxurelrHufi, Hanpl{Mep, KorAa BbI npeAnaraere unu npocwre to sornething you like Would tea? some Would you like some coffee? Do you want examples? give me some you please? Could eat? Can I have some tea,
a few (= some, several) HecKar bKo s noroxurefirHoM
a
little
(:
some)
HEMHOZO B NOJIOXI'TEIEHOM
CMbICJIC
cMbtcJre
He is happy because he has a few friends here. ?ew
BCe,
He's got very much money.
at the moment.
uu6var
l. I have some
He has too much enerry!
in your paper.
HI,IKTO
anyone
- fAe-
There is so mrich work to do.
Hn6yAr somebody someone
ofworkto do.
(:
not many)
I
have a little free time today. the cinema.
little 1: nol
I
can go to
trr.n,
M(UO
MCUO
There are few flowgrs in my gatden. (= There aren't many flowers in my garden.)
have little time for dancing today. (= I hanvr'tgot much tinre for dancing today.)
I
qro xoT[Te.
39s 39i4
HeonpeAeneHHble Mecrol4MeHrc botl4 all, either, neither, none, another, other, each, every (everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere)
none HuKmo, Huqmo, uu oduu (us
Both (the) brothers live in London. Both (of) the children are mine.' The children are both mine. We're both watching the telly. We can both stay and help you. You've both lot good ideas We both like travelling. = Both of us like travelling.
both o6a, o6e
They both speak French.
=
Both of thern
i
speak
I I
Frehch.
I
t
'Which picture do you want to buy?' 'Both'. I liked both. (I liked both films.)
both.,, and... - u... u..., KAK ... maKu ... allece; eeca, acn,6ce
either
l.
mom utu dpyzoil, ddwt us
deyx,
tn6oit
(uz dayx)
Both Mary and Ted were late. I like both skiing and skating. All the children can speak English. All children like toys. All the students are on holiday now. Not all the students are on holiday now. I usc all thesedictionaries. They all live in France. Do you all speak English? We like them all. = We like all of them. All of us can come and help you. : We can all come and help you. They are all here. We are all tired.
You cart park on either side of the street. Here are two dictionaries, you can take either (of them).
2. u mom u dpyeoil, o6a, xacrcdaril (uz deyx)
either... or ...uru ...
uJIu ...,
The offices on either side were empty.
Well, I think she's either Russian or Polish.
ttu6o ... tu6o ...
neither Hu mom, nu dpYeoit (uz dayx)
neither ... nor ... Htt :..
396
Htt
Neither answer is correct. Neither of them has/have a car. 'Which do you like?' 'Neither. I think 0rey're both ugly" Neither my wife nor I enjoyed the party. Their house is neither big nor small. Neither the TV nor the video actually work/works.
I I
J I
1
I t,
I
'Is there a telephone in dre roirm?' 'No, there is none.' xaxozo-nu6o uuua); None of these pens works/work. uuxaxoit None of the books is/are Enslish. NB! Neither of rcnoarayercr, KonAa peqb r,rAer o AByx Berqax n rr4urx, none of ucnorrryercr, Koraa peq6 r.rAer 6onee, r{eM o.uB\D( Berrlax u nr4uix. Each rule has its exceptions' each rcatrcduri (a omdetanocmu) He gave each boy a present. Each ofus likes to receive presents. She plays the piano every day. every xacrcdaril, ecnxuil, Every bird likes its ewn nest. an6ou Everything is all right. everything ecd Everybody (everyone) knows about it. everybody, everyone sce He follows rne everywhere. everywhere aesde Would you like another drink? another l. er4e oduu LetTs do it aiiother time. 2. tn6oil dpyzoi (ynompe6,tnemct moJtbKo c We need another computer (a new one). ucqucrneMbtMu cyqecmcumeJrbH btMlt e eduucmeenuon uucte) He has other plans. other dpyeoil (ynompe6tnemct c cyt4ecmWe can't see the other side of the moon. aumerbHbt ru rcax e eduucm6eHHOM, mAK U 60 MHOilCecmeeuuou uucie) (the) others dpyzue There are only two magazines. Where are the others? (ynompe6tnemcn 6 Kaqecm- Some people like travelling by air, others don't. ee cvu,ecmaumetwtozo) NB! Other exoAt,tr B cocraB B3ariMH6rx naecrornnregr.rfi each other z one another dpyz dpyza.
CloxHne urecroniueHnr, coAepxauile B cBoeM cocraBe one, body, thing (someone, somebody, anyone, anybody u r,n.), He ynorpe6n*orcr B coqeraHxcx c npe.(noroM. Bvecro Hux ynorpe6,r.flrcTcr coorBercrryroqr.re HeonpeAeneHHbre MecronMeHurr some, any, one, ilone, neither, each, every one. Some of us are Russian. Do you know any ofthe people here? Neither of my sons is/are here.
None of nry friends likes / like my new car. Each ofthe boys got a present. Every one of their CDs is a hit.
397
/
Present Gontinuous
Ynorpe6nexre aprt,trnt c cyqecrBxre-nbHblMrl breakfast" lunch; dlnner, supfer, tea
(Hacronu.lee AJnf, rrleece BpeMe) 'to be (a HyxHofi $ropue) + Present Participle 6eg
YrnepAnrelruar
Bonpocrrearnan
rhnnun
I am he'l
(I'm) reading ffte's)'l
ste I is .{ Gne'l freading
it J *" I
L(it's) J f (*e'rq
theyJ
(thev're)
you Iarel6ou're) f rcading
srcr onucatenbHoe onpeAeneHile, ro ynofpe6nadrct HeonpeAeJleuHufi aprnrlr. You can have a good suppettrcte. ,t.'; 'r ; 3AeCB MoxHo xopouo noyxt4H'arb.
Am
rhonuq I readins?
rs ^."
I
h"l
{
shJ isnot(isnl)
if}.*.','
{ffi} ttreyJ
reading
we "l you I are not (arur't) reading
reading?
they)
L
Cnyrar ynorpe6nex4q
l.
,{eficrnlre, npo[cxoArruee s aaHHufi
I
2. Aeficrsue, flponcxoArulee B onpe.(e1
ani writing a letter. .II nr.rury rrHcBMo. They are having a dinner, Oun o6eaarcr. This team is playing very well this year.
lensufi neproA
?ra-xorrlarua xopoilo urparer B
MoMeHT. cefiqac.
Ynorpe6net[e aprrtxnq c cyqecrBl{renbHblMx school, college, bed, hospihl, prison, church, market
Orpnqare.lruan rhonlrl arnnot(I'mnot) reading
BpeMeHr.r B HacroffIqeM._
gToM
ro.[y. Ynorpe6renr.re aprl,IKnt c cyurebinr.rr'enrsrnr,ru eT ofi rpynnbl 3aBtcl'Ir or rol'o'3HaqeHt4t, KoTopqe oHI4 I4MeIOT B rrpeAnoxefixx. a) B cnoeu KoHKperHoM 3HarreHI4rI (i1aYut, npeAMera r'l r.n.) oHn ynorpe6Jtarcrc.r c apruKIIeM'no o6urnv [paBI{nnM.
There is a l4rge school in this street. The school is large and comfortable.
Theipisabedandasmalltableinmyroom. Your bag is on the
bed.
Harrofi yrulrre ecrr 6ornuar urroaa" lUxola 6onrurar r'r f.uo6Haq'
B
naoefi KoMHarc
crol{r
KpoBarb u
I'm studlng at college now. -fI cefiqac )
3, 3voquonarrno
oKpa[reHnue 4eficrsuc (Herarr4gHoro xaoarrena). 4. 3apanee 3arrnaHupoBaunoe gefibraue u
6rrxafiureu 6yayruev (vacro c rnaronarrru
4ruxeHug $o, come n gp).
They are in bed now.
,
Onu cefiqac cmt.
Iaardr
o r
398
6es
Kfiroqil.
We are leaving tomorrow. Mn rarrpa y@xaeM. They are coming backnext Sunday. Ouu B
crq.uyrouee Bocxpec€HEe.
'
ae-
BcTpeqauocb c Toruou.
Verb + -lng: Speiling Rules Hanrcaxue rnaronoB c oxoHr{aH}te}t -i?g
.
,
KOHTIa Tep.{eT
rrepoM
B eoqerasl{n c HeKoropbIMI{ rpeAnoraMl'I (to school, in hospital) erl't cyuIecrBIrreJIrHbIe reptoT KoHKperHoe 3HaqeHI'Ie I'r B;Iporutror qell, xoropofi clyxar [peAMerll uun o6oguaqdeurte: rurola - yve6y, 6oarunlla - JreqeHne I{ T.n.
now.'
KoIIeAXe.
I'm meeting Tom tonight. Cero4ur
'6),O4Haro
go to school- TF-"y +t" at school Thechildrep go to bed etirly.
B
Bo3Bparqarorcr
uaaenrxuft croJII{K. Tnox cyrlra Ha KpoBarI{.
B raxr.rx.cnyrarx cyuecrBl,ITenLnste :rofr rpyrlrlbl ynorpe6mlorc-r 6er apruxlr. I.n the morning tfre children
rycb
He is always losing his keys. Ou
oKaHqrlBagrcfl:
Orosqagne
F.naroa B HacToflrueM trrqllteMfs
RneMpHu
Ha Kparfufi'rnacsufi
*
ruging, robbing
cornacHrIft run, rob
Ha-e write, makg Ha -ie tie. lie
-lng
writing, making
Mng. lvine
399
Be going fo + rHSxHurxB
Gnyvan ynorpe6nenrn
,
npolxnoM, He cBt3aHHBIe C Ha-
Haru-epenue:
.I'm
going to phone Kate
tonight.
Cero.(H.c BeqepoM
r
co6npalocr
cTorrur,IM MOMeHTOM.
nogsoHllTr Kare.
What are you going to do
2)
,{eftcrtrr, co6rrrnr, r[arrst r
l.
Brrpaxaer:
'l)
tot'norrow?
9ro ru oarrpa co6npaerurcr.qe.nars?
'ro, .rro HerrpeMeHHo nnu seng6exso nponsofiger, TaK KaK egru sBItrIe [pH3HaKu, yKa3brBaroul[e Ha 3To: Iook at the clouds! It's'going to
BonpocxreasHar
Orpuqare.nunaa
rhonul
rhonue
6onua
they J
latel Was he lucky? Were you
Were
TCNCBil3OD.
V + -ed: Spelling Rules Hanncaxre rnaronoB c cyQ$raxcorta -ed
t. ..2
n....r we.-.?
'{ you...r L thev.. .?
were not (weren't)
Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. I was on time. Yes, ho was. / No, he wasn't.
O
HA-E
.
improve, realize Ha Kp4Tl(Irfi ruaorbIfi + cdrnaurufi rob, stoP
IIo:
.
o
we you they he she
try' cry Ha
rnacnnfi
*
went
played, prayed
Haperre (The Adverb) O6pasoeanre HaPeqhi
Ororuare.nrHaq 6ooMa
npunarare.nuHoe * lY + Hapeqne clearly clear r haPPilY huppy exactly exact i serious + seriously bad + badly
Ho: She has a clear voice. He is a happy
child. It is an exact science. They are serious people He lot a bad marl. He
400
opened
tried, cfied
-y
finished enjoyed bad
did
-ed
couracHuft + -y
l. Bonnocllre.nrnaq donma
robled, stopped
open Ha
f.naro.n B npocroM nnoilretruteM BDeMeHH improved, realized
olav- orav
Past Simple (l-lpoueguree npocroe epeun) V + -ed (npaa. rn.l unu 2 Sopua HenpaB. rn. (cu. ra6nrqy nenpaa. rn.) VrseDtr[rerrHaq 6opMo
Orconqauue
Lnaro.n oKaHquBaercg:
she...?
L i,...r (
-f, npNuren Aouofi, orKpbtJr ABepb l4 BKrloqlr
On Sunday he always took her to cinerna. B socrpeceHse oH BcerAa BoAlln et f, Isago. neficreus B nDoIrJroM. O6crocrerucrBa BpeMenll: ago, last week (month, year), the other day (Ha qxnx), yesterday, the day before yesterday, etc.
YrnepANreauHar
we1 you | ,n"r.
roAy. I saw the film long ago. -fI gauno BI4'4en sror drunru hotn", opened the door and Switched on I "ame. TV-set. the
3. O6runue, noFToPtlouilect
Be e Past Simple
was 1
nPo-
flocuorpu Ha ryrru. Cefivac 6yaer AOxAb.
I
npu onncannu co6urrafi B IIIJIOM.
rain.
r
2. flocreAosareJlbHocrb Aefisrsnil
He left yesterday. Ou Yexal nvePa. We rnet last year. Mu acrpeualncb B npouJloM
iot
a good
mark.
sooda
well
it clearly. He smiled happily' I tett us exactly about it' I lhey do eve.qttrigc seriously' I He answered badly' I He answered well' She said
I
401
Ilora.nararenrnsre- o6oasvlouue gteneHl,t cDaBHerrlrr He rlo rrDaBr,rnzw
2. npuaarale;rbHoe = Hapeque
hard* late frr
fast
Good Bad
early
It's
Think hard about it.
I'm an early bird. It's a far country.
He always drives fast. We came honie late. I always.get up early. How far is it?
CreAyer o6parrlart BHnMaHUe Ha pa3nuqtle
E
a hard task. We took a fast train. It was a late hour.
Those birds
older
old
elder
3Haqenr.trx uapevuft:
much/rnany
Little
highly of her teacher. (aucororo yuenru) Ho lives near his office. (6nnrxo, prroy) It's nearly five ofcloek. (noufu),
[o.noxu're.nunas yt
big
CoanHurerrHaq bigger watjmer
elde.st
,least
less
lfew€5t
r
.
ar.r... 4S_TaKgfi.lfCe,:r, KAli:i: .; :r,iil ; .: ' ,: The dog is as big 4{ 4 h9{!9. Itlq 4s 9q!4 4t in-wi-4tgJ;, .1 1t _
not as (so):.. d.r: H€ T2ri(of r.'.:'KaIC :.'i' i She was not as (so) young 4s h'd
thought.
wann easy
asier faster
easiest fastesl
Mnorocloxsrre-
fast beautiful interesting
morebeautiful
zosl beautifi:l
dangerous
more interesting more (ess) danger-
rzosl interesting most.(east) dan-
careflrlly
ous
gerous rnosf carefullv
more carefullv
I{B! Ilpurarareil*,ubte angry, clever, common, friendly, gentle,
handsome, narrow,
pleasant, polite, quiet, simpleuoryr rMerb KaK cr{HTeruqecKfie, TaK l,r araJrnrr{qecKr{e $opuu creneseft cpaBHeuxr.
simplelsimplerlsimplest nore simple I most simple handsomelhandsomerlhandsomest handsome I
most handsome
* 3anounrrre:
i
= "uauHoro" * cpagHl.tt. creneHb: ""ana", much younget HaMHoro Monoxe, muchbetter - HaMHoro Jryque, much more interesting - uaunoro fiHrepecHee
ffDesocxoaHas biggest wafmast
HeKoTOPHe ABy-
i
the... the-\eM... reM The morewe study llre moie we know.
xaperri
cnoxHEre
more
I
.fewer. r ,
Few
Hapeure hardly r{Meer 3HaqeHr{e "eJre-ere, e4na''. He is very old. He can hardly walk. I hardly know what to say,
OAnocaoxnrre
worst oldest (coasHeHfie no sogoaqrv)
I
.
fly high. (gucoro)
Crenenn cpaBHeHns nplnanarerbHbtx lt
best
(craDrttuxcrso s ceMre) farther (.uaruue) farthest further (aaree) furthest , mostl,., : mofe
Far
She thinks
* '
better
worse
much *cpaBHr,rreJrbHar
still
*
cpasnnffenrua.s crenegb = "eule"
*
cpaBHrrenbHat crelreHb:
s/i// easier - eqe upoue, slil/ more difficult
II
-
eule rpyAHee
Tom is bigger than Jane because he is 2 years older than she, but she is more beautitu1.
il
I
Mike is the youngest of their children.
{
Tom is my eldest son. The University isfarther from here than the Medical Institute. We are waiting for further instructions. I'm as tall as my brother. Italy is not as (so) hot as Iraq. The party was much more exciting than I thought.
i I J"
I I
t' Apruxnn c reorpa$i.rvecKvrMvr HasBaHxqMi
d 1
(I
Ilepea cyulecrBrfreJrbHbrM, onpeAeJrreMBrM nplrnarar€JrlH:au e npeeocxodnoil cmene-
\
Hil, KaK npaBuJro, ynorpe6are,rcr on pege.l0H nul f, aprn r.n r. She is the tallest girl in our class. He is the most serious boy in our class.
{ I
L
Kar yraruBrlnocl Bbuue, HatBaHr{g KoHTuHeHToB, crpan, IUTarou, nposuuqnil, nrnr nopoAoB, .[epeBeHb, Kar( npaBr{Jro, ynorpe6urorcr 6es aptnrutr, 4axe bcln
r
uMeercc oflpeAeneHie: France, China; Poland, Madrid, Central Africa, Northem Eu
i
{
402
&1
Future Simple (Eygytqee npocroe apeun) shall/wifl + nn$unurna (6es vdcrraqur to)
Zcxluo.reHnrl4u u3 sroro npaBnna.sBrtrorcc: the USA, the Netherlands, the Crirnea, the Caucasus, the Ruhr, the Riviera, the Kameroon, the Hague, the Argentine (ao: Argentina).
2. Hazsar.us, oKeaHoB, ruopefi, nponr,rBoB, KaHaroB, pex n o3ep o6grquo ynorpe6nronpe.rleJreurrbrM apruxneM: the Pacific Ocea[ (the Pacific), the Black Sea, the Don, the Volga, the English Channel, the Baikal (xo: Lake Baikal). ,I 3. HazsaHrs FopH'rrx qenefi r,l rpynn omponoa ynorpe6rrlorct c -onpeAeJIeHHbtM
Iorcr c
apruKrreM: the AIps, the Urals, the Bermudas. Hassannr orAearnrrx ropHErx BepuHH I,r ocrpoBoB ynorpe6nruorcr 6es Elbrus; Everest, Madagascar, €yprus.
4.
Hazsauui,,nycirrrHE o6uqsb ynorpe6r.rrcrct
c
onpeAeJIeHHbIM
YrneDAure.nruaq doplra
I ] shalV _[be here weJ will ('ll) lSrhone you
Orpuqarelunan $oplra
I
wiu
II I
l
wEf
behere? phone you?
w
aptltrlr: You
.apr[Kneu: the
the Gobi.
be here
'
Bonpocnrenuuaa Qopua
Shall
wiil
phoneyou
Past Continuous
he she
it'
be here? phone you?
they
(tlpoueguee Antqeece apeun) wasrwere + Present Participle
Cnyrau ynorpe6nernn
VroepaNrersHan
Bonpocrrerunan
Orpuqarerruar
doorua
doprvra
Sopua
*",
l" I
reading
:h" I
f
reading?
lr"
reading?
J we ''l you |
I she
{l- }
rtJ we 'l you
*-
rn.."
theyJ
reading
w.."{ffi } L they J
*".
no,
wiil 1. .ftr
reading
2. Atrt
(wasn'O
(weren't)
reading
His parents think he'll become an artist
I'm afraid, I'm sure,
I know, probably u.up.
BqeDa B
This time last year
nporrJnoM.
oAHoBpeMeHHbx Aefisronc
.B
I
.(m aupaxeHur
o6eu1auufi, npocr6,
npe4noxeuufi, orKrBoB.
3To BpeMt
t
Since it's your birthday lunch.
I'll
pay for your
flocronmy cero.qur raofi leur po)KleHVIA,9 SaflrAt{y 3a IeHq.
Will you open the door for me, please? floxarvfiqra- mrcoo fi aneor.
rou'taca?
was resting
South. Ha
3, .{ea
cTar{er xyAoxHr4KoM.
She'll probably come early. Ona, ueporruo, upr,re.qer pal{o.
You were still sleeping when I left. Trr gce eue crrzlJl, Korla t yuen.
B
rpyfry.
one day. Eno porrrenn A)n,tator, rrro o.qHor(rbr oH
3.
B nporuaou ro4y
answer it.
Bbtpa:KeHr,rr npeAnonoxeHfir,
What were you doing at 3 o'clock yesterrdaf
2. [eilcrsue, npoucxoArlBlxee B onpe.(eaeguufi nepnoA BpeMeHI{ B llpounoM.
I'll
3aorutr releQoH. .fl om,ry
they J
tlro erI relrun
The phone's ringing.
qacro co crbsaMr.r expect, think, believe, suppose, hope,
were not
Cnysau ynorpe6neHrn 1. .(efimaxe, npo[cxoAllBuree B onpegeaeguufi rrrorveHi B IlporxnoM.
orrpaxeunr peruennfi, rpr,tHrrrrx
CNOHTAHHO.
in
the
4. ,{m nrrpaxenr.rr 6ylyutllx geficrnrafi, orAblxan
Ha KOTOpHe Mbr Hr{KaK He MOXeM nOBJtr.t-
Kate will be l0 tomorrow. 3asrpa Kare ucnornu:rc.s l0 rsr.
rcre.
While
I
was cooking supper, Kate was
having a shower.
flora c roroBnra yxnH, Kar.r
npHHr{Ma-
na.uyu.
My father never talked while he
was
driving.
Mofi meq
HI{KorAa He pa:tt'oBapuBan,
'TL. Shall
1.,(nr nrrpaxeHut
rrpeAnoxeHr.rr ycJD/r
Shall I give you a hand wi{h those bags? BaM noNao.rr c cyuravu?
(:
Do you want me to give you a hand with those baes?) .
KOT.IA OH BEN MAIIHHY.
404
405
2.
ln
r"rpuxeun" npegJroxelnr
BepuHTb Kakoe-Jrlr6o Aefi cTBUe.
Shall we wait until tt .topSl floAoxAem, floKa.uoxrg".-^in ue rperpanrrcr?
I
Aprnruru c cyulecrBurerbHbrMr.r, o6olHaqarcuuMu qacru cyroK
l.r BpeMeHa roAa (sunrise, dawn, moriing, noon, daytime, afternoon, dusk, ntilight, sunset, evening, 'niEht, midnight, winter, spring, summer, autumn)
What shall I do with all these letters? I'ro lrue Aelarr c gTr.rMh nncruaun?
(:
What do you want me to do wiitr ail
these letters?)
a6crparcrHoe 3HaqeHne, o6ogga.ragr nneMq ct,tor If's mnmino Night fell. Day broke. It was sunrise.
(ua 4unx), next week , somc day,
in an hour
Futuie Continuous . ._.(Eyayqee Ancuteecq epeun) shall/will be + y-;pn (preseni participte)
It was autumn.
It is spring.
a
the.
onncaTeJIbHoe nnnetretreHUe
cilTya\ns5 KomeKcT, nuMUTffnvnt[ee
It is a sunnv mornins.
It was a dark night.
It
was a beautiful sunrise. It was a golden auturnn. We had a wam spring.
onnenetreHue
The mornins is sunnv. The night was dark. The sunrise was beautiful.
We met
in the autumn of
1998. The sorins is warm.
3anorrlgnre:
I
lstralywru Ue
*e.t('ll)
u"
I t f Will Jwe fbewatching? Shall
watching
I nrn in early moming. It's broad day.
shall not
i.
] $iiiil? {i:*
It was late autumn.
It's early spring. It was hieh noon.
will
be
watch-
(,I) be
3anovnnre: in the moming,
B npq4.noxnsrx Qparax: at night, at dawn, by noon, by day, by
be
watching
lng
in the daytirne, in the aftemoon, in the evening,
night, by midnight, past noon, after sunset, before nightfall
Cnyrar ynorpe6neHre
in the night, in (the) autumn, in (the) winter, in the summeftime
1. ,4eficrnr.re s npoqec- B uufi vouesr B 6yryuleM.
2, lefiwsue
olrpeAeJreH.
xaparoepa,
""rn"tanr"o.o Koropoe npousofiAsr B 6yayrlev npl,l
o6n.ruou, ecrecrBeHHoM xoae co6rm.rfi H KOTOpOe BOCnpr{HnMaeTc, KaK OrreBilA_ HOe.
o qrux-au6o
*""kFitTffiffiiil
This time n"^t Alps. Ha cleryroulefi He.qele B gro xc npcM, 6yAy rcararrcs Ha rbrxax s Arsnax.
nnanax
c
r"4,olliili
qenbKl nocne_
Ayrorqefi npocr6H x co6ecegxtry.
.{xoH_ll Huu.
r
Mu
from moming
till
night,
dav and nisht
Oopuansnoe no4nexaqee
pa6oraeu B o.qHoM yqpexAe_ yBt{,quMcr
c
HuM 3aBTpa na
BbrptDKeHHoe MecTor.rMeHueM it, nocroruxy a aHulrftcrorrl c3brKe gJIeMeHToM flpe.qnoxeHxr.
IIoAJIexaqee rBJrfl:
ercr o6qgarerhHrlM
Can you buy me some tea?
Mecrounesne it ynorpe6.nrercr g rcaqeCree Qoprraamuom no4Jrexaulero B cJr€Ayro-
Brr nofi.qere ceroAHr a ynunepcau? Brr Kynrtrr MHe,{ato?
it
B asuuficxr.lx 6egrl.rHnx npeAnoxeHr.rrx ynorpe6l.nercx {roprvrarsnoe noJrexaulee,
Will you be going to the srp-rrnurkil
He MOXeTe
406
day after day;
,t
John and I work at thEiaile omce,J;it E" seeing him at work tomorrow.
pa6ore.
3. .{nr nexrxao"o .unpo"i
3anouxrre: all day (long), all night through,
d
{
uI,tx 6esr]r.{Hsrx npe.(roxeH14cx: . KOrAa Mbr roBopr4M o rBreHHrx np4poaEl HJru o noroAe.
It is
autumn. warm.
It is wet/ cold/ It is raini
Ocens.
Crrpo/ xologno/ renro. I4agr roxar.
407
-_l i
It
never snows in Africa.
.
KOr-Aa MbI rOBOprzM
B Arppnre Hr4KorAa He nae.r cHbr.
Present Perfect o BpeMeHr,r,
It is 6 o'clock. It is early morning. It is late.
.
IIIecrr
qacos.
Paunee yrpo.
fIor.quo.
VrgeoaxrelrHaq dooMa 'l f arrived
I
KOrAa MBr rOBOpr{M O paCCTOrHr,Ilt.
It is not far to the railway station.
.
(Hacronqee cBepuleHHoe BpeMr) have (has) + Past Participle
KorAa Mecror,rMenne
we I h"n"l'l
,{o rorrala uegaaexo.
you
it ynorpe6nrercr c rJlaroJtaMn say,
Te.nEHoM 3aJtorg B 3HaqeHI4I,r
believe, expect B crpa.qaeo6oprm, nonazapm, otrcudatom.
It is said/believed/expected . ..
.
(
ecJrr{ rroAJrexarqee B npeAJroxeHr.trn BbrpaKeno
It is easy to do it.
| they J
aur}rnr,rruBoM
Caelat
r.rJn{
he
)
she
I
it J
repy}uueM.
1've;
('s;
arrived?
b""o
been? gone?
goo"
t farrived
nas
.,1
been
L
non.
9To JrerKo.
H^
(he )
I' {;r,. J
l.
3axonqessoe Aeftcrsue,
CB'3AHHOC C HACTOqUIfiM MOMCIITOM.
TEKTI,IBOB. 1
2. \eitcryue, BrrpiDxiuouee npe.uurecrByrorrlnfi onbrr, pe3ynrrar (noaoxurglrurrfi n orpnqa'rentuufi).
l-naronut-casgxr 1. faaronrr-cs.s3Kx, BbrptDxutrou{.re Hzuuqxe KaqecrBa rrJru cosrorHfie: He is 20. Eruy 20 ner. Life is interesting. Xusnr r,rHrep€cHa. She fbels well. Onavyncrnyer ce6r xoporo. It feels great. 3ro uperpacHo. to You look worried. Bu.reM-.ro oea6o.reHrr. lo It seems easy. 3ro Korerc.f, JrenKr.tM. He seems OK. Kaxercr, c Hr,rM Bce B noprAKe.
1
l
be
3. .{eficrnue,
tofeel
I
look seem
2. firanorsr-csr3Kn, BbrpaKaroufie lpflo6pcreHr4e HoBoro KaqecrBa ilrr.t flepexo.u Apyroe cocToflHl.re: to become She has become an actress. Ona crala arrpr.rcofi. to get I got tired of this work. .f, ycran or erofi pa6mu. to grow It's growing dark. Teusesr. to turn She turned pale. Osa no6ae.qsela. lo fall He fell asleep in class. Ou sacrryl Ha 3anflrun. lo go She went mad. Oua couua c yua.
arrived?
he f
has
not'\ arrived
she .{ {nasn't)
b""o?
it
eone?
J|
L
been gone
Cnyvau ynorpe6neHrc
Mecrounrenue it raxxe Moxer yrrorpe6nsrrcq B ponlr AonoJrHeHlu nocJre DranoJroB like, find, consider, think n ap. I like it when it rains. Mue upaaurcr, Korla r4Ier Ao)r(rb. I find it interesting to read detectives. .fl uaxoxy rlrrrepecssru qrenxe Ae-
to
OrDnuare.nssaq 6oDMa
Bonoocure.nrHaq 6ooMa
flpor4cxoAr.rBrxee
3aBepurfiBureecc
B
t I
B
npo-
ITIJIOM BnJIOTb AO HaCTOflUeTO MOMer{fa I,|JII HaqaBureecr B IIpoIIIJIOM U elqe He
K
MoMeHry pevN
(r
I've bought a new dictionary. fl.xynut xonufi clonapr. We've just done the work. Mrr rolrro qro 3ilKogrrr,lJl4 oa6ow I have always liked music. .fl ecerAa mo6un My3BrKy. Have you ever been to England? Bu xorra-lu6o 6srBanx r Arrrnnn? He has never heard about it. OH gnrorra He cJr,ruirJr 06 lToM.
The students have just left. They have been here since 5 C'ry.uen'rur .ul,rJrr,rcB
o'clock. r{To ytunu. Onu Haxo-
rolrlKo
3AecL c 5 qacos.
ocHoBHoM c fJIaroJIaMr4, He r.{Melooll4Mr4 i[opr,aur Continuous: be, have, see, hear,
The students are still here. They have
know, understand, realize, like,
Cry.leH'rur Bce eue agecr. OHu HixoArr-
hate,
beeir here since 5 o'clock.
love, believe, own, possess).
crgliecrc5qacos.
npeAronaMN for (gnr o6osHaqeHr,rr nepno.(a apenrenu) u since
John is my best friend. I have known him for twenty years. .{xou l,rofi nyqruvfi npyr. 3HaIo ero
Vnotpe6lrvrcfl c
(.qn.r o6osua.reHl{r MoMeHTa, Haqil-nocb Aeficrsfie).
c Koroporo
t
ner. They have owned this cottage since they built it. ABa,qrIaTE
OHr sraAeror noD, xaK
3Tr.rM Kor-reA)KeM
c rex
nocrpounil ero.
O6crocrerucrBa BpeMeHI,r : ever- never- iust. alreadv- before. vet. latelv. so far
408
409
Present Perfect Continuous (Hacronqee 4n xrenbHo-rlroroBoe apeun) have (has) been + Fresent Participle
DIATOJI
nnaron (uuen-
I
(rrro.qalsnufi, rnarol+ersrca)
:yertlO|O)
we you
Do
you
know
they
Are
they
English?
Is
she
writing
a letter?
Can
vou
heln
me?
Where What Wbat time
do can does
you
live
I
do
now? for you?
the meeting
How lons
will
it
begin? take
you?
Is Do
he
a student
or a worker?
you they
like
coffee or tea?
leaving
today or tomorrow?
Orpuqare.nurrar
rhonme
rhnnul
rbonura
he
it
BCnOMOfar.
Bonpocure.nsHan
working?
)
n*t"'
fhe
Has
t il"
been
working?
he she
it
fhu.
not I b""n
lGrasn'tl
Jil:'"
B npo-
ulnoM, [poAoJrxaJroct rarofi-'ro
nepr4oA
BpeMeHu H ToJrbKo r{To 3aKoHqxnoc6 H pe3yr6Tar erono Aeficrsrar ovenr,raen. flepeBoAr,rrcr Ha pyccrnfi r3BrK DranoJriMlr HecoBeprueHHoro BvJia B rrpoueArleM BpeMeHll.
B
BOnpocbr:
- Why are your boots so dirty? - I've been playing football. ("rpan) He looks tired, he has been running
Are
fast. (6eNaa)
PagAenurenbHbre bonpocur (Tag Questions)
1
anrnricrona npeAnoxeHnl
i.
l-lpeuofi nopaAoK cnoB 1
noarexarIIee flosecrsosareruHoe nrlenroxeHl{e Bonpoc
cKa3yeMoe
live
in Moscow.
The train
is arrivine
on time. French? that noise?
PasAerrarenrHrrfi
You
BOnpoc
The train She
speaks
made are a sfudent, hasn't stopped, is American,
Pa:Aelurearsbre Borpocrt qraBtrct o qen6n noryql,rrb no,[TBepxAeHne cnpaBeAJlr.rBocrr4 Bbrcra3brBaeMoro B npe.qnoxeHnn. CrpyxrypHo pa3AeJrureJlbHlte Boflpocbl cocrorr r.r3 ABlx qacrefi. flepnar qacrb npeAcrilBaccr co6oft yrBepAlrrenlHoe IlJ'll.{ orpr{rrarenbHoe norecrBoBarenbHoe [peAJloxeHr4e, a BTopafl - xpar:rufi o6ulraft sonpoc, npmeM; ecnH nepBar r{acr6 )nBepAr4TeJrbHarr, To BTopat oTpuuareJlbHat, rt uao6opor. He likes football, doesn't he?
I
We Who What
French?
Aastepuatrruue
I
Ilopn4or cnoB
qacTb CI@-
HZUI
BonpocLr:
MEHil.
HaqzrJrocl
cMblcnQBou
Cnequa.nrsrre
C.nvqau vnorne6:renuq l. [eftcrnue, Koropoe Haqarocs B npo- I've been learning to drive a car for a lUJrOM, AJil,rJrOCb B TeqeHI,Ie KaKO|O-TO nernonth. (yrycr) p[oAa BpeMeHr4 r,r Bce ellle npoAoJr)KaeTcr. How long has he been studying Chiflepeeo4ntcr ua pyccxufi f,3ErK rJranoJlaMn nese? (usyuaer) HecoBepureHHoro Br.rAa B HacToqqeM Bpe-
2. [ei,rcrtue, Koropoe
no.tlJIexaluee
06urne BOnpocbr
VraepAure.nuuar
been
she
O6parxsri nopeAor cnoB
He doesn't'like football, does he? You can swim, cah't you? She isn't English, is she?
1
aren't you? has it?
isn't
she?
'On nro6ur
r[yr6or, ue rar
lnpassall
sa''
OH seAs He
lr?
no6iii 0yr6on,
aa?
Bst eeAr yveere nlararr? Ona xe se anrrnqaura?
3anonuume: {
I am right, aren't l? I'm not right, am I? Everybody is here, aren't they? Nobody is ill, are
4r0
4tt
Haxnonenre e axrnt,ticxoM c3btKe.
NB!
flonsrue o cocnararenbHoM HaxrroHeHuu
1. B npU1arOqlt6rx
B anruurficrona r3brx.e, TaK xe KaK r,r B pyccl(oM, cyqecrBysr rpr,r HaKJroHeHllr: a) noBenrrrenbHoe HaKJroHeHue (The Imperative Mood), Koropoe Bbrpaxaer no6yxAesue x-Aeilcr:nnro (npocr6y uln npuxasanne): Go at
once!
I4Anre
Don't be late.
ror
qac
xe!
2.
He onaglHsafire,
BBI
MecrouMeHI,It oH cfaBl,rrcf, rIocJIe rnafora
6) rasranureniHoe
HaKrroHeHue (The Indicative Mbod), Koropoe eirpaxaer pearuHoctr .qeficrsilfi e HacroqueN,r; rtperxeArxeM ralra'6y4yu1er'.r: .. Mrl .racro xoAHM B rearp. We often go to.the theatre.
He is leaving tomorrow.
O5p9A9JII4T6JILHEIX npeAngx(eHntx OTHOCl,nenbHble MegIOI'IMenoJIHttoql4e aDyH Ku]'IIo AortorHeHlri, qacro onycKtuorct'' This is the girl that (whom) we saw in the park yestet'day. : This is the girl we saw in the park yesterday. This is the book which/that I read last week. : This is the book I read last week Ectn nepeA orHocureJlbHhtM MecroIaMeHI'IeM croilT npeanor, To Irpfi nporycre
Hr.rr,
Here's thei woman about whom I told you last week. = Hergls the woman I told ydu about last
week.
ll
On ianrpa yesNaer.
a) cocranarelbHoe HaKJroueuvle (The Subjunctive Mood), koropoe BbrpzDKaer Bo3MoxHocrr, rrpeAnono)Kl,ITeJrEHocrb I,Inu Hepe{rnBHocrr 4eficrnut il coorBercrByer pyccrouy npe4noxduraro c tacrwgefi
Past Perfect (l'lpoureguree cBepueHHoer eperar) had + Past Participle
6 at. I
Ecru srtcKa3rrEaHrre orHocr,rrct K HacrorrqeMy
r4Jru
6ylyrqer\ay BpeMeHr4,'ro $oprvra
cocnarareJrbHoro HaKJroHeHr.rr B npocroM npeAnoxeHr4r,r r.rMeer crelyrcqnil rug: would * unrluuumud 6es vactuqrr /o, could/might * uu4tunumue 6es uacrnqu to: It's a pity you can't come tomorrow. Xanr, qro B6t He,cMoxere npnilru 3aIBTpa. . Axou lrolror 6u uau (cvor 6sr saM novour). John would/could help you. Cregyet lrMerb B Bnry, rrro cor{sraHtrr would. + uxQuxumue w could/ might + uurhuHuthur ur'otAa ynorpe6n.rrorcr B npoc3Lrx [pernoxeHr.r.sx, Aaxe eclrr{ Her Hr4raKono noApa3yMeBaeuoro ycnobu.r, a flpocro - Would you like a cup of coflee? . - I'd love to. (I would love to.) Do you know Walter Grey? Could vou write to him?
arrived ,..?
Oronuarerr.saq doDMa arrived
examined
examined ...? passed ...?
youl hadnotl passed
Ronnocure.nsHac 6ooMa
passed
Alr
6onrureff BexJrr,rBocrn: - Bu se xorenn 6u .raurevrcy xoQe? - C yAoBonbcrBleM. Trr sHaeus Baas'repa: fpe.r? Tsr uor 6rr sanrcarr
arrived
Vrnennure.runaq dooMa
done
done,..?
they) (hadn't){ done
gone
gone ...?
he
gone
written
written...?
she
written
cost
cost...?
ir
cost
C.nyvau ynorpe6lertnr $
Ornocuren sHbre Mecro]rMeHrc.
1.,fleficrane, Koropoe npor43ouno paH6rue Apyrono AeficrBl,Ic r,rflI,I MoMeHTa B I
npounoM.
Oinocu'renrnne Mecror.rMeHr.rr who (whom, whose), which, that Brlcrynaror.B npr{.qa[oqHBD( onpeAemmejlBHBx rrpelloxeHr4rD( B r(IIq@TBe
nolre)Kauero
r.rJrr.l
AonolrHeHr.tfl.
Vnorpe6leune orHocHT€JIbHblx t'.tectoutueuufi : - who (whom, whose) ynorpe6rrvrcr B nprrAaroqHoM onpe/IenureJrbHou npeAno-
-
2. [eircrsne, Koropoe Haqanopl Ao KOrO-TO MOMeHTa B
Ka-
nporunoM I{ BCe eue
school last week. He's the man whom we hired last Monday. That's the boy
npoAonxanocb B ToT MoMeHT. (c rnaroflaMu, He I,IMelouI,rMI,I t[oprrau Continuous: be, have, see, hear, know, understand, realizo, like, hate,- love, believe,
whose brother won the prize.
own, possess.)
which ilcnoJrrlyerc.f,,
O6crosreltcrBa
xeHLrIl, ecJll,t cJtoBo, K KoTopoMy oHo oTHocI4Tcc B I'IaBHoM npearoxeHraN, o6o3Haqaer ony[JeBreHHoe CvuecrBilTenBHoe: She's the teacher who came to our
-
ecJrr.r cJroBo, r( KoropoMy ono ornoo.rrcc B rnaBHoM npernoxeuru{, - HeonyrueBJreHnoe cyuecrBurerrbHoe: This is thg house which belongs .to my friend.
that Moxer orHocarlcr
KaK K o.[vrxeBJreHHbrM, TaK r{ K HeonvrrreBne4HrtM
c'rsrrrenrHur\,r: There's the boy that which) was
4t2
(:
who) started the fight. I saw a film
examined
I rernembered that I had met hirn before. .f, scnoMHrlr, qro Bcrpeqzu ero paHbue. She had cleaned the flat by five o'clock. Ona y6pa.ra KBapixpy K ntrl4 qacaM.
I
knew they hadn't seen each othBr for many years. A zawt, r{To oHI,I He B}'IAeJII4 .upyr Apyra HecKoJIEKO JreT.
They had owned the house for twentY years already
whor they, decided to sell it.
,{oru npuua,uexa:l I,IM ABa,quarr KOfIa OHlt pefivnv ero npoaarb.
Jrer,
BpeMeHLI, colo3Bl x flp€Anorl{: before, after, already, just, for, since, tilUuntil, when, by' by tho time, never, etc.
cvue-
that(:
4t3
Past Perfect Gontinuous
Future Perfect Gontinuous (Eygyqee cBepueHHoe Fpeqeecs epeun)
(l'l poureguree
AnnrenbHo-nroroeoe,apeun) had been + Present Participle
* Present Participle Crv.rer vnorne6legug ,{eilcrnue, Ksropoe HaqHercfl paHee I shall have been staying at this hotel r Ipyroro 6ylyurero Aefictgrr (ulu vo- for a week next Sunday. shalVwill have been
YraeolureJrnaq 6oDMa
BonnocnteltHac 6onua
OrnHume.nrxec 6onMe
I\
vou
I
*: I
had
(d) beendolng
MeHra) r{ 6yle, eUb Ho(o.qxrbct B npouecce E MoM9HT ero HacTynJIeHfl{.
been doing?
B cneayrouee
BocKpeceHre 6yAer ueae-
nr
a
KaK
t"xuBy
troft roffrrHlrqe.
We will have been playing tehnis for an hour wheir you come. Mu 6yrerrr nrparr
L,J
B T€HHI{C VXE qAC. KOT-IIA Thl NDITtrEIIIE.
Ynorpe6neHxe BpeMeH B npxAaroqHbtx npeAnoxeH[9x BpeMeHr n ycnoBnf, 1. ,[efictnne, Kroropoe HaqalrocE Ao onpeAenenHoro MoMeHTa (unn 4eficraur) u flpoIIIxoM r,r Bce eule npoAonxanocb B
They had been driving all night when they saw the lights ofthe city.-
3TOT MOMEHT.
vBI,{_IleJrI,t
2. \eilrcraue, Koropoe Haqanocb Ao on-
It
peaeneHHoro MoMeHTa (nau aeficranr) u rrporufloM, .[JInJroc6 KaKoe-To BPeMr ,l
mother had been makingjam.
3AKOHqI,UIOCE
B 3TOT MOMEHT IIM{
HC3A-
Simple Continuous Perfect
Onu exaru Ha MaIIIHHe BcIo Hot{6, Korra i
orHn roDo-IIa.
smelt delicious
in the kitchen.
My
B 41xHe BKycHo naxro. Mor MaMa Bapr,rraAxeM.
.[onro Ao Hero.'
.--- --
Simple Continuous Perfect
npnAarovnbrx npeAnoxeHr4sx BpeMeHu Lr ycJloBut, orHoctuluxct r 6ygyurerrly BpeMeHu, BMecro BpeMeH Future ynorpe6nrtorcc coorBercrByuqlre BPeMeHa Present. B nrasuotr{ npernoxeHnl{ ynmpe6.nrercr Future.
B
if when before
Future Perfect (Eygyqee cBepuleHHoe apeun)
Present
after while
Concu npudamowtux npednotceaafr speneuu
u
yutosat :
- ecrn
till / until
- Kofra -.uo roro KaK - nocJreroro KaK
as soon as
- (AoT ex nop) nora (ue) - KAK TOJILKO
as unless
- noKa - ecJru He, noKa He
as long
- nora(rro npeur xar)
an fi,ee tomonow I shall call you. Ecnu r 6yry cso6oAeH rar4ia r noseorlo te6e. When everybody comes we shall start the discussion. KonAa sce npluyr, MbI HaqHeM o6cyxAeune. He will rernember it as long as he lives. On 6yle, irouxutr 3ro, rlorca 6y.uvr xrrr. You won't master a foreign language unless you work hard, Tr,I ne osaqAeelub uHo-
IfI shalUwill have * Past Participle C.rvqan vnoroe6 ,fleficrene, Koropoe 3axoHqurcr Ao on- They will have passed the exams by peAeneHHorc MoMenra B 6yayureu.
June. Ouu cAa,[yr gK3aMeHLr
K
rjroHlo.
She will have done the work by the time we retum. Ona raaepurut pa6ory K ToMy apdnenu, KAK M6I BEPHEMC'.
'1 O6crortenrcrBaBpeMeul{: 't " -' by,that time, by thcn, by Sunday ..., by now, by the end ofthe yeor..., by tbe
time he comes
4t4
crpaHHbtM c3brKoM, ecrt! He I'll go for a walk after I do
6yAeur uuoro pa6matr
(:
have done) the washing-up.
I
nofixy roryrltrb, Korra
BbrMoro nocy.uy,
I
shall do it while you are talking to him.
f,
caenaro 3ro, noKa
nu 6y4vre Pa3toBapl{-'
BATB C HI,iM.
They'll wait till you return. Oxa noAolttryr, She
will have leamt the
TOITO; KOK
rloKa Bht He BepHerecr. news before she gets this letter. Osa ysnaer ery HoBocrb Ao
nOJI}^IIfI 3TO III{C6MO.
415
llepeao4 crpaAarenbHbrx o6oporoB
Crpagarenuxuri ganor (The Passive Voice) Present Simple Past Simple
built
was/were
shall/will be
asked
have/has been had been shall/will have been
translated brought
amlis/are being was/were being
examined
2) Ilaroaom <<6urr>> * rparroe npttqacrrle: The first book was printed in Germany. fleprar xHnra
done
Dinner was sen/ed at 6. O6ea uoaanu s 6 qacos. .
noruerue) was given a grant. (rocneunoe Aonon-
KOCBeHHOe .qOnOJIHeI{ne.
I
nenrae)
2. B crpaaarenEHoM
saJrone,
ue ynorpe6-
4) Ilepenoq qaccuBHbrx roucrpyrcuuft c.npeAJroraMrr: The film is much spoken about. 06 srou ipr,rrirue Mnono roBoprr. Your house will be taken care of. l4 sarrrsl4 AoMoM npncMorpf,rTIACTO CCEIJIAIOTCfl. This book is often referred to. Ha
This wine is selling quickly. These clothes wash well. Her novel is reprinting already.
JI'K)TC'. IJIATOJIET C NACC}IBHBIM 3HAqCH[CM
se[ wash, wear, rea{ bake, cleanq reprint u tn-
3. firaromr,'rpe6yrcutue npeAfio)i(Horo AOIIOJTHeHIT{, B CTPa,qaTenbHOM 3ZrJrOre
They laughed at him. He was
npeAnor coxpaHrroT.
pended on.
I
flpeg,norn, BbrpaxaKtull,re pa3nrqHbre {trHouJeH$e
laug[ed at. can depend on her. Shd can be de-
rIoea.rorn about
l.
3naqeHue o; npo, orHoomeibHo
2. oroao, npuMepHo,
If ox*relu vnoro e6lerrlln
Tell us about your tripShe's about thirlyyears old
upu6luau:renruo
We'll look into this matter matter
lep-
3) HeonpegenexHo-rrrqHnrM npeAfl oxeHueM: Newspapers are delivergd in thd morning. farctn.qocraBrlf,nr ytpoM.
A grant was'given to me. (nprrr,roe Ao-
Ta MOXeT CTaHOBT{rBC' KaK nprMoe, TaK r{
Harerlarru{a a
The new school will have been built by the lst of September. Hosat ruxona6yler flocrpoeHa r I ceurr6pr.
discussed
They gave me a grant
flo.qaexatrlr.rM crpa,qareJrrHoro o6opo-
6ula
MAHIII.
Oco6ennocr[ ynorpe6neHxg
l.
pyoct$tfi nacx
1) Lnirro.nom c Bo3BparHbrMu qacrrlqaMrr "-cr", "-cr"' Bread is sold at the bakerts" Xne6 npoAaerct B 6ynoqHofi. Coffee is produced in Brazil. Kor[e npon:aoarrcr r Eparulun.
to be (e svxsofi doorue)+ Past Particinle an/islare taken
Future Simple Present Perfect Past Perfect Futurb Perfect Present Continuous Past Continuous
Ha
will be-looked into
soon. This
3. noxpyr, KpyroM, no 4. (ruerr.num6o) npu ce6e, c
soon.
He walked aboutthe garden. I had a1l mydocuments aboutrne"
co6ofi
Ynorpe6nexxe npeAnoroB hv Vxsgueaem xa "axmug-
icnptxumeln": l).xr.rnoe cyulecrBo
nozo
2)
(be painted by an artist, be eaten by a lion) rraexalxcrr.r, TpaHcrroplHoe cpqAcrBo (be woun-
ded by a machine)
3) npi.rpo4noe rBJrenr{e (be destroyed by the
B
crpaAarenbHoM 3anore
against
l, npmnr 2.
with Vxagdeaem na "naccueucnolHumert": l) rrrrpyruem (be cut with a knife)
Hozo
2)
s€rqecrBo, varc,paar (be
filled with
smoke, be washedwith hotwater)
of. in. from Vrcaswe
anm H a n't a mepuan
of gold, be
be made
I'm againstthe idea. Put the piano tlrere, against tlae nral{. He hit his head asainst the door. She works as a euide.
y
as
B KAqCCTBE
besides
KpoMe, noMr.rMo (e
Vnompe6nnomc, c npunaa Qyux4uu npeduxamuea:
eamenbHbrMu
cuuue
ceepx ueao-tru6o, edo6aeox x vetw-au5o)
from grape)
be interested
prrorra,
3. o. o6
(be written in pencil, made
r,
by
l. gxu[saneHi TBoprfierruo-
Our dog vras hit by a bus.
ro ra,qex€ (KeM?)
t.
in law, be
na, uocpe,qcrrou
disappointed in sb KDOMC. 3A ICKJIK)IICHI{CM
for
Am, pa,qra,3a
6oatml4ucrBe cJr) {aeB uer neo6xo4nMocrn ynoMr,ruarr r{crroJrHr{Tenr B naccr4BEBrx KoucrpyKqrmx. He srroraMre ucflorHuTem B upeAnoxertne, ecru B SToM Her Heo6xo.r[.rMocrr.r.
like
TaK; KaK KrO-n.; KaK qTO-n.
4t6
14 3ax. 2510
wind)
workingasadoctor, he also writes'novels in his spare time. Besides
N$! B
She caue thsebybuV by train/ bv olane/ bv airl bv car. Evervone excsDt vou has come. What can I do for you? Can vou :translate this lettu for me? Don't talk like that. She looks very rnudr likeher moiher. She's weadnp a.dress like mine,
4t7
of
l.
2.ug on
with
Have you seen this book on the historyof this place?
o, oTHocIfieJIbHO, IlO nOBOAy
l-
exsr.rBareHT FO
B raxol xe
a book ofpoerns, a:bag ofPotatoes, a carton of juice, the roof of mY house, the plays of,ShakesPearg one of these articles, some of mY friends, most of us
grorrrarteuT poAri€fibnoro nalexa (qefi? qero?)
TBoprretllgor-
nalexa
OyHKqHu
ngux 6egluggblM l{Jlrt
He read a lecture on rare birds' We writewith pencils.
The bread was cut with a
ynmpe6nrercr MecTol{Meu[e they co snacixueM nodu (i'a-
BstPaxexre cornacxn ("f, roxe") sharP
knife. She lives
2. c (nuecre c)
witbout
with her parents.
A man with a sritcase in his hand ent€red the hall. I had an argument tnith mY boss. He listened to me with interest. I have no money with me. They walked two days without food.
l.6ee
2.
She sat
Vrseoau'ler rHoe nDeJutoxeHlre So do I. I work.
without moving.
xecoeepueuue deilamaun (6ee roro .no6ur) He, raK
A day never
.rro6u ne
ins
I arn hunprtr. I met her. I have done it. I will come. I can do it.
Passes without his comto see us.
BocrnrqarenbHble npeAnoxeHnn (Exclamations)
I shouldsohqne.
Bocruruqatepa3rl'IrlHbleBlrBltl]DcrB-paAocr6' otr'u naqutralotcfl yAHBJleHr{e, xoil,'4mosallsuchottrocctc'Kcyl[ecTBllTenbHo. uy, a how: K npnJr?roFenbHoMy ujur napevnlo. floprAox npruof,: noAJlexdqee, cKa3yeMoe I{ T.,q. TCt
C
i
[PeAJIOxeHntx
c ncqilcflteM6rMll d
na'[eHtreM TOHa.
w wellshe sings! HCTIONIIBIMU:' B HUX
a3yeMoe UeII{KOM.
Suounn rak)Ke BblPaxaror pmoPtqecKfie Bonpochl c orpuuturueM' Oh Albert, isn't she lovely? Doesn't Margo look'beautifirl?
{
,
cy-
ulecrBImeJIbHbIMII EJIUHCTBCHHOM
!/,
My friend, a
B
III{CIC student,
studies hard.
\
This'is my fricnd Tom Smith, a young scien-
I
I
tist.
l.
I didn't meet her. I haven't d6ne it.
I won't come.
I can't do it.
I shouldn't
eo home. B
c r{MeHeM
U3B€Cf,HOnO
/Nor do I A.{or are we.
/Nor did tttw. A.Ior have I. /Nor will she. /Nor can he. /Nor should I
nIlII4
UpU
HaJII{rrI,tn nl{MlfrIPyloqero onpeAeneBlrt nJlrr koHTeI(cTa
Pushkin, the great Russian Poet descdb€d autumn beautift llY. Mr Hooks, the newspaper editor, wants to see you. Mozart the music genius, is trc
o$wryramuufi nocr, !II{H,
AOJDKH(rcTE, KCNG
p6le Mo)Ker 3aHilMaT6 onllH qetroBex
Mr Brown, minister
prime
of England,
has arrived in France.
MrMd$all,
dircaof
trefurLisfromWal€$
be*nrodicinefume kau ttpwroucexue npedwecm-
1
a,em cvrrecmgumarbHow the painter Turner,
HeonpegeneHHbrc nqAnexa.4?,e one' you, they
IIo.'Queen Anne Pope Benedict President Lincoln
the composer Verdi, the studant Iranova'
@;bIcJIItTc'rr.Oonpe4eirenuoEIlro6o6ueuuo,nt}yuxunr,r yOU B 3HaqeHnu xactcdafi, noanexarudro ynorpe6nrtorcr MecTofiMeHr{r one HJIH pa3roBopecnniil'uenoeerc, nodu (rrmovar rOnoprqero). You npg4nouuteJlblce B n oi[uruanrnofi: pe.ru, one uofi HyxHo BcerraAepxarb cBoe cJIoBo. One must alwaYs keeP one's woid. Mecla voxno 3aKa3arb You can reserve seats in advance.-
Neither Neithet Neither Neither Neither Neither Neither
QyHKqllx npnnoxeHrt
the
g
cJroB B srrD(
I'm not hunqv.
Aprnrnlr c cyqecrB[renbHblmll
co cJIoB what - ra-
silly story it is! What an idiot I am! Such JIEHbIE r{acTb !What
So is she. So did I So has he. So will L So can we. So should I
Ornuulre:t tnoe n Dellro'tenne I don't work.
thescienti*Malov
NB!
I
Doctor Hewins
CyUecignTe1lHbte, o6OrHa.{aIOqIe oi[rlquarlEnbtfi nocr rr;rn ,[oJDKHOcTf,'
B
r[yxruuu npe4uKsrnBa roxe ynmpe6arurcr 6cs agrnurl H" rame to Moscow when he was Mh
:
4t9
,+18 ,I il'
"l
I I I
t
Apluwrr c xasedxrsMyi nexoropurx yvpexgexri u np.
l.
I
AorxeHcrsoBaHr{e, r{o(oArr{ee m roBoprrqeru
2,
1
l..HarsaHu,r roarpoB; My3eeB, KaprlrH{Etx ralepefi, KoEueprHlrx 3arJloB, KrrHo, Kny6os o6n.rHo ynorpe6rl ror:cr c onpegeneHHltlr,t aprr.tKJreM: the Covent Garden, the Bolshoi Thbatre; the Tate (Gallery); the British Museum, the Festival Hall, the Odeon,
I
u
orpnqauur.x-3a-
You must do it right now.
You mustn't go out today.
npvr (crpoxe, veu c can)
i!
You must be tired.
npeAlroJloxeHue, rpaHr{qarqee c yBepeHHocT6ro
the Rotary CIub. 2. Hazsa*mn pecroparHoB,
rocrnHxrl 6aHror, Man{ull,tHoB o6uqHo ynorpe6lrrcrcr c onpe.qereuHurrl apruxreil: the Bombay Restaurant, the Station Hotel, the Midland Bank, the Lord and Lady Departnienf Store. MHorue pecropaHbr, 6aHru, rocrnuurlbr u Mara3r4irr HassaHst B qecrb r.rx ocHoBarenefi. 3TI,I Ha3BaHnc oKagqrBarorct Ha -s uJIu -'s. B arou cn) {ae aprnKnB orcyrcrByer: Maxim's, Macdonalds, Selfridges, l.Iarrods, Lloy-ds Bank. 3. Harsauns xopa6nefi lr [apoxoAoB o6blqHo yuorpe6nno.rc.r rr.rKIeM: thb Titanic, the Sedov. 4.HazsaHvs rruer r.r )rypHzrJroB o6irqnb ynorpe6nrrorcr c onpe.ueneHHlrM aprr,rKneM: the Daily Star, the Sun.
i ,1
I
1.
have to
AonxeHcBoBaHHe,
BEt3BaHHOe O6CTOtTenbCTnamr.r
2.
'1
n
I have to get up very early. Doyouhaveto workhard?
("npnxo4urcr") oT
pnqannrx:orcJr'T-
I
crsue Heo6xo.qr.ruocrn (lre
(
ualo",'lle npn
We didn't have to wait.
1
should/oughtto
I
You shouldn't eat so many
("ueryer", "crour"), rrropaarnoe o6fl3a-
coBer
I
sweets.
Children ought
TCI6CTBO
i
to
help
their parents.
,l I
be to
Mo4anuxure rrlaronbl
(ModalVerbs)
Mo4alrnuft
ruaroJr
can/could 3KBHBurJreHT
* be-able to
i I
IIucaHr,rt
MoAa.nusoe 3HaqeHue
IfDurueDsr
l.
She can skate well.
I
eeuua.r cnoco6Hoc'ru;
He could read when
I
BO3MOXHOCTb
was4.
Sus4vecxallryMcr-
he
1
l
Shewill be able to help you. Anyone can make mis-
{ i
l
takes.
2.
parpelrrenre
l.
parpeueHue
CanlCould you help me? You can't park here.
May
I
corne in?
you may.
{ {,
-
Yes,
was allowed to use the library.
orteHKoM HeyBepeHHocrn
* 9rs[nareHTbr
MoAzIabHErx DraroJIoB
can H may r{Meror rollrKo nepBoe MoAanbnoe
3HAqEHI,TC.
ill. She may not/might not
He may/might be
know about it.
Ilepeaog MoAanbHbrx I can speak English. I couldn't speak English last year.
.fl
I hope I shall be able to speak good Eng-
f
rfl
aronoB
uory Oueo) roBopr.rrr no-aHmr{trcrt,r. roBopr{Tr no-aHrrnficxu s
.f, ne uor
nporxJroM roAy.
l
I
2: upegriorioxerue c
qtI{
You needn't do it now. : You don't have to do it now. : You don't need to
I
i exsusaJeHT be allowed to
orcyrcrBr{e neo6xoAnuo-
do it now.
{ ,(
npsr ("Henb3r") may/might
needn't / don't have to / dontt need to
We are to rneet at 5. I was to meet them at the station.
1
You can take this book with you.
3. npocr6a 4. r orptrqanvflx-3a-
o6rgaHsocrr unu neo6xoar{MocTb B cr4Jry AoroBopeHHocTl4, nnaHa UJ|H pac-
lish next year. You can buy this book in any shop.
xa4elocr, vto u 6yayueM ro.ry r cMory xopouro roBoprrrB rlo-anrnnficru. ?ry rHlrry MoxHo Kynllrb s nrc6olr [{ara3l,IHe,
Can/Could I use your car? You canlcan't go there alone.
Moxno MHe 83116 TBoro uaurnny? Tgr tuoxerus (He rr,roxeun/He gonxna)
May I ask you a qugstion? The children were not allowed to watch
vaTvrylJlaoIHa. MoxHo 3a,[arb Bonpbc? .{erru ue pa3pelrzurr{ no3AHo cMorperB
TV late at night.
TeJreBr43Op.
She may/might be
in the library.
Bmrraoxso/ Moxer 6rrrr, oua n 6u6mao TCKC.
420
-
421
She maylmight not like our idea. You must talk to your daughter about her
Efi uoxcr He noHpaB[Tbcr Haua ilAer. Trr ronxeg noroBopurt co csoefi Aoqe-
future.
pLrc o ee 6yayuev.
You muitn't miss your English classes. Your father must be 80 now.
Bn lre Aonxnbr nponycrarb 3aHflTrrr rlo aHrruficxouy murgr. Tnoeuy oruy cefivac, HaBepHoe (aeporr-
We have to work hard now.
Ho,.qorxHo 6urr), 80 nvr. Cefi'rac -HaM rtpuxoAurce rrluoro pa6o-
why, what, how, whose n .qp. Caeayer HMerb B Btuy' Yro BonpocrtrEnrlrbifi clor ynorpe6nterQt roJlbxo B cttMocroflTeJlbHblx BoupoclffeJlsHblx npeAroxeHfirx, n npu4arolrirrx.xe npegnoxeHl,ltx yrlorpe6rcercc noptAor cJIoB noBenoprAoK
crBoBareJrLHoro flpeilnoxeHl,rrl.
Why did tre come? I don't know why he came. How did he do it? I don't know how he did. it. How many cassettes have you brought? I'd like to know how many cassettes you have
TATL.
Tomorrgw is Sunday,
w_e
don't have t9
3arrpa aocrpeceure, H9 HqAo paHo Bcra-
getup early.
eatL (ruoxuo ne ucranaru pauo).
You should see'a doctor,
Bau cne4yet (caeroeaao 6u) o6panrrrcr K Bpaqy.
You shouldn't weai this dress every day.
He c,orr (ne cneryer) HqreBarb oro
ruarbe rarKArri Aenr. You ought to apologize.
Te6e cre.uyer ll3Br{Hr.rrBcr,
Sych things ought not to be allowed. The delegation is to arrive in April. She needn't (doesn't need / doesn't have tQ come to the office today, the boss will
Tarfie seuil Herb3t no3Bortrr.
be away.
]ICT.
,{eneraqnr AoJrxHa npuexarE B arrpene. Eil ne o6cgeremno (xe saAo) npuxo.qnrs cemAHr na pa6ory, uasamura ne 6y-
f[ononxrrenbHbre npnnaToqHbre npeAnoxeHlm (Object Glauses) ,flononurrrenrnbte nprl.qarorruBre npernoxennt BlrnorHrpr B cJroxuoM upe.qnoxennu i[yurquto npf,Moro rlJIH npeAnoxHoro KocBeHuore AononHeuur, OHu orseqarqr ua nonpocu what? 'rmo? about what o eew? ilr.n. rrrutoHrrM flpeAnoxe.flononnrrrearubte npfiraroqHlre npeAJroxeHllr saMH: who (whom) HneM coK)3aMn thait tmo, lf, whether .zr rr xmo/xoao, whose vei, wbct qmo, raxorT, which xomopwil, when koeda, where ade, rgdo, how rac, why noquq) l4r.t. Corcg that r parronopuoft pequ qacro orrycKaercr. I know (that) she has retumed- Nick says he will invite her. I'm afraid they have lost their way. I see that you are very tircd. I wonder iflwhether he will come. I've no idea where she lives, Can you tell me how I can get there? Do you know when she will come? Tell me whose book it is. Ask her when she saw Peter last.
flaronrr,
npnnararenlHhre H croBa Karenopnr{ coctottl.u, K KoropBIM npl{coear{HrroFcr'AonoJrrlnrenEH6te nPilAaToqHbre nPelnoxeHfir, pacnqAarorcs no csoefi ceMaHTrKe Ha rpynrrtr, KoropEro o6osHa.raror: a) npoqeccrt peqrl - say, tell, ask, answer s qyBmBa .qp- Q uurowuemnrre npoq€ocu - ttrinlg know, believe, hope, expect il ap. B) fear, feel, beafraid, be sorry n ap. r) rrpoqeccsr Bocnpmrr{r, o6xapyxeunr, noKdrblBaHrrr - see, heaf,, find, find out, show n.qp. yqarluecr uHonAa ouru6oqno ynotpe6lnor Bonpoc[TenbHufi noprAor cnoB B npl{-
-
Koceexxan pevu (Reported Speech) Co4epxauue paHee BbtcKa3ailnoro coo6qeHut Moxsr 6rttr nepeldno AByMs nyrtrrlr.l: a $opnae upevoil pevl (ot rrua roBoptutero) u n i[opve rocneHHofi peqv (or nnqa nepegaroqero). John: I want to go out. John says, 'I want to go out.' John says (that) he wants to go out. ,ftn nepeAavn noBecrBoBarerbHbrx It nonpocurelrnbD( npeAJroxeHllfi g rocseHHofi Pequ qaue Bcem HcloJIb3yIOTCt nprlaTorrHhle AOnoJIHIfTelEHhIe npeAfloxeHlltfloprlor cnoB B DtaBHoM I{ nP[.tlaroqHoM [PernoxeHun npruofi (no4lexarqee + craryeuoe): Bperrar rlarola g rocseHHofi peqfl He Melrterct' ecrr uaroJl, xoroprtfi ee BBoAr.rr, ynorPe6Jr€r.r B Hacrot[leM unn 6yayueu BpeMeHr{. I haven't heard from him lately. She says (has said, will say) she hasn't heard from Iir.n lately. Where did Steve go? She asks whete Steve went. I'm leaving tomorrow. She says she is ieaving tomorrow. B npurarovurx npeAnoxel{utx c xocseHuofi Peqblo' rAe rrlaron, ssorcuufi xocbeunpolueAlueM BpeMenu, o6rrqso co6npAarorcr.flp:lul{na cornacoHyro perrb, BAHU'
"rornt
"
Cornacoeaxre Xaparrep aeficrBlrfl
BpeMeH (The Sequence of Tenses)
B
npl|Aar(FrHoM npeAno-
Ilprmar
l.
Oanoepeuesnoe Aeft-
GTDfiC
Kocoenxan perr
pevu
t(eHl|l| Present SimpldContinious
He said,.:I workhard'
+
Past Simple/Continuous
He said (that) he uuked had
He said,
'I
hard.'
am
working
IIe
r
workins hard.
said (that) he
was
BBO,llgTCt COIO3aMIi
422
423
2.
llirc4urecroyoqee
.refiffgr.le
Present Perfect/Perfect
Continuous + PasfSimple/Continuous ->
tinuous
Past Perfect/Perfect Ccintinuous
He said (that) he worked hard.
'You should/ought to be more
He said, 'I have been working hard.' He said, 'I worked hard.'
He said (that) he had been
'I
Futre Simple/Continu*
:
had
working hard.
had worked hard. He said (that) he had been
workins hard. Futurein-the Past
He said (that) he would
He said, 'I will be working hard.'
work hard. He said (that) he would be workins hard.
aIflyaJIEHOCTr4:
Hesaidhedoesn'tlikddidn'tlikenwdanjw,.
nperJrorneur{e nepe.qaer o6r{ensgecruyro ucrr{Hy xJrr{ np[BbrqHoe
geficrene:
'TheEarttrmovesroundtheSun.' Copemicus proved that the Earth
'IusrallvoskiinsinMarch.'
careful.'
harder.'
llsuereHre o6crorrenbcrB BpeMeHr r Mecra npx nepeBoAe x3 nprMoi peel,l B KocBeHHyKt thiVthese - that/those - there now- then, at the time, at once, immediately 'today, tonight - that day, that night this week I month / year- that week / month / year yesterday - the day before, the previous day the day before yesterday - two days before / earlier two days / months / years ago - two days / months / years before / earlier last night / week / month / year - the provious night / week I month / year tomorrow- the next day, the following day, the day after the day after tomorrow - two days later, two days after, in two days' time next week / month / year - the following week / month / year, the next week / month year ,
moves/
ShesaidsheusuallveoedwoltskiinsinMarch,
l.
I met him last week, he said he would call on me the following (next) When
When I met him last week, he said, call on you tomorrow (:anrpa).'
.day (ua
ItlloAanuru.re rnaronbr, ileHnKtqt,te Sopuy B KocBeHHof peqr Heroropule MoraJrburre DraroJrrr r{Meror ABe r[opnu: Hacrorr{ero n flpoureAurero srr,r DranoJr.br rrarcro MeHrrcT uu na Qopuy nporu€,urueto BpeMeHu:
B KocseHHofi perrrl
t[opvy uacrorqero
BpeMe-
IIDsuac pcqs
Kocnexnar perr
wilt
would
won't
wouldn't
can
could
can'b
qay
couldn't might
!I'll write soon.'
He said he would write soon.
'You can sit down if you like.'
He said she could sit down
424
She said
cre4yoruufi aeur).
2. He called me a few days ago and said, 'I've had an important message today
He called nie a few days ago and said
(ceroanr).'
(s
3. Miss Bennett called last week and said to me, 'All the documents were sent off two days ago (ana.[HrroMy H.Bafl).'
Miss Bennett called last week and told me that all the documents had been senf off two days before (sa gaa AHr Ao
he'd had an important message that day
rot aeHr).
otoro). Taxaq lameHa cJoB
L
liked;
Youmayuse
/
moved round the Sun.
'I'll
BpeMeurr"
He told the boy that he should/ought to be more careful. She said that she must work harder.
here
He said, 'I will work hard.'
'[don' fikemodenjaz.'
must work
He said (that) he
ItlB! FlparruacornacoBrurtr r BpeMeH Moryr He co6no4anrcr, ecrr: l. s MouerrnepeBoAa nprvoft peqn B KocBenuyro cJroBa npavofi pgqfi He floreprnn
2. rryn4movnoe
Hexoropue MoAanbHbte rflaroJrbr u cnoBocoqerauur He uMelor t[oprrau npoue,[Irrero aperrabuu t,r se Meurrorcc s xocseHHofi pevu: must, should ought to, had better, could, might, would.
He said, 'I have worked hard.'
He said, 'I was working hard.'
3. IlooIe4youree Aelb. Bil{E -
Mo4ansxsre rrraronbr, He MeHRKlqxe SopMy B KocBeHHof pequ
Past Perfeet/Perfect Con-
I misht use her
if
she
He
uSacui, KoFAa cMbtcJr roro He rpe6yer.
I've just seen her and she said, it tomorrow.'
'l'll I I'vejust seen her and she said she'd deal
deal with
I with it tomorrow.
I spoke to the rnanager a minute ugo, and he said, 'All .the bills were paid yes-
I t spoke to the manager a minute ago and | he told me (that) all the bills were paid
2,
425
B pr4e
l--naronur speak, talk Speak (spoke, spoken) - ocylrlecrelmr arr peveaofl AetreJrEHocrI'I, Bblpaxarb MElcroBopLITb. I must speak to him about it. nu "cnyx, CelraHrra.recxat crpylcrypa ulanora speak coAepx[T cJleAyrcn\lle 3HaqQHI4t: I ) ocyulecranrrb peqeBylo .(etreJIEHocrr: Speak up, please. 2) ronopr.rrr sa rarou-ln6o t3blre: He speaks French fluently. 3) nsrcrynaru c peqBlo n o$nqualrHofi o6craHosre: The lecturer spoke about young Gogthe
ueune).
'Come here,' he said to me. 'Don't touch the vase!t she said to him. I don't remember what she said to me.
lnarol tell coqeragrcr c KocBeHHbrM
-
roaoprrs HMeer MeHee
I told him my name. I told her to come at 6.
t[opr*.rantuoe iHaveHne, npe.4nonaraer 6ece.uy npr'r
HauwTqUtd He MeHee AByX qeJIoBeK.
:
.
I called on my friend yesterday and we talked about our families the whole evening. He talks too much. O.qnoropenuue cyulecrBlreJlruue: speech, talk.
I {
3anovunre cneAyloulue QpasH frankly speaking strictly speaking speak one's mind these is nothing to speak
I,I
noroBopxrt: oTKpoBeHHO rOBOpt
cTpofo roBopt orrcpoebnuo BbrcKzrarL caoe neo4o6penue
of
I
I
3anousure cneAyrorqne Qparn: You don't say 6o! It goes without saying.
Camo co6oft
No sooner said than done. tell a story
CraraHo - c,uerauo. paccK4ar6 HcToPr,rIo
tell the truth tell a lie
cKa3aTb
6nrr! 9ro rn ronopr.ne! pturyeercr.
npaBly
corrarb
roBoprrrb yMHbIe BeIIIll roBQpHTb FJIynOCTI,I roBopr.rTB o noJII4Tv Ke
roBopnrB
o
pa6o're B npucyrcrBr.Il4 nlru, He
r,rMercuux x Hefi orHoureHur small talk
cauloHH6II{
Fnaronsr saEgest, offer
I
I J
I
I
1 j
j, l
f-naronur say, tell
Offer osHaqagr npe.{Jroxrtrb, xal( rpanr,rflo,
o6ycnorrena lrx pauuvuoil .qucrpu6yqnefi (oxpyxenuela) say coqeraerct c nptMbIM Ao[onHeHI{eM L cnyxuT Ars BBeAeHflt npruofi u xocaeuHofi pevu. flpruoe.qonolHeBr{e, cJleAylouree 3a rnaro:IoM say, uoxgr 6sn:r BElpDKeHo: l) npe.uroxeHl,IeM, rIpeAcraBntIouII{M nptMylo pevr: He said, 'I study two foreign
lnaror
languages.'
.{Tb-To KoHKpsrHoe.
He offered me a cup of tea. She offered him her help. : She offered to h9!p him,
Suggest o3Haqaer npe.qfioxrrrE
flaronu say, tell nMeror npaKTllgecKrl oAHo 3llaqeufie "nupa:u'ru cnoaavu, coo6ularr" u eoorBercrBylor pyccKoMy rnarony "crasatr'l. PasHuIIa a rax ynorpe6lenlrlr
. 3)
He Moxsr
I'I
nycTrKlr
talk sense lalk nonsense talk politics talk shop
2)
AonoJrHeHueM co 3naqeHueM aApecara peqr,t.
He told me that he studied two foreign languages. 'Don't touch the vase!' she told him.
I
Talk
rtaron soy Moxer conpoBo)r(Agrrcr npeAnoxg6rM (ocBeHHbrM.Eoco 3Haqeur{eM a,apecara peur.r (ecnr eMy npe.quesrByer nprMoe Ao[oJr-
cnyqaeB
noJrHeHneM
6rnr npunrro
flrar ultv HAexr, ocyulecrBJleH[e
O6parure BnriMaur{e Ha rpaMMaruqecKr.re KoHcrpyKrIr{H c rJraroJroM suggest. flonollreHue nocJle r.llaroJla suggest r"roxgr 6urrr bnilaxeuo:
l)
cyurecrnnreJlbgbrM:
I suggest
2)
a
trip to the
sea.
repyn4r.reru:
I suggest going there at once.
3)
npularovurrM
.qorroJrHr{TeJrbHr,rM npeAJIo)KeHr.reM
npraarovnHM Ao[oJIHrTeJIBHrIM npe.(noxeuneM, BBoAI'IMrIM c nQMourbrc corc3a
HAKJIOHEHITH:
that uru 6eccotostro:
Ann suggests that the party (should) begin at 7.
He said (that) he studied two foreign languages.
Koropblx-.rvroxer
nnn orBepnryro.
c uaronoM
clouor*,r uJru cJloBocoqeraul{eM:
He looked at me and said nothi
426
427
Henrqxure Qopuur rnarona (The Verbals)
Ilepq4ava ocHoBtbx KourryHrlqrlrBHbx rlnoB BbEr€3blBlHXi B KOCAeHHOi pe||{n (Reported statenrents, quetions, conrmandg and exclamations)
Tnnu npcA.roxeusi
flpnuan peru
Type of sentences
Direct Speech
He says, 'I
VraepxcaeHnr
Kocaenuan peru
the
He asks, 'Is
o6urrafi Bonpoc
2) cneuuansuufi Bonpoc
He says (that) he plays football.
He told me that
often
I
rpnqacrne Hacrorulero rona)'. writ ing
was
anyone
roll'a)'. written
that he would pass the exam.
He asks if anyone
heretomorrow?'
be there the next daY.
He asked whether
I
.
is
(:
He asked me where I had been the day before. He asked them why they
away, please.'
away.
better not drink this water.' He said, 'What a good
He advised me not
idea!'
a
she said when she
opened the present.
. uueHuofi qacrn cocraBlroro
go
{ to
drink that water. He exclaimed that it was good idea.
He thanked me. He called her a liar. She gave an exclamation
of
admiration when she
onened the Drescnt.
Ona noloxtna cn.fluero pe6enra xa
I
I
. o6ctorterscrna
OHa yuecra pa:6uryro r{arxKy. 9erouex, rlprrqlrfi nanfi pocy (: xoroprrfi Kyprar nanupocy),
uoft
-
6par. Mri rngenn 6omuyro vac'rr r.qauuft, noqpoeHrsD(
3a nocIeAHue ntrTb neT.
cxa3yeMoro,
The news was exciting. I was excited (by the news). The news was surprising. I was surprised (by the news).
were laughing.
He asked me not to
you!'
sofa.
We have seen most of the houses built which have been built) in the past five years.
speak.
He tells me to get my coat.
He said, 'Thank He said, 'Liar!'
child on the
is smoking a cigarette) is my brother.
He said to me'Don't go
He said, 'You'd
B KaqecrBe:
K cyuecTBuTelbHoMy.
She took away the broken cup. The man srnoking a cigarette (who
if I would
I can
rla-
AUBaH.
Tom asks me how many languages
r
She put the sleeping
seen the accident.
He asked me
onPe.ueJreHfi
-
-
had
He says, 'Get your coat.'
'Ah!'
-
Participle I (Present Participle) (4-r rpopva r.na-
o6cy..xgaroqyfi Participle II (Past Participle) (3-r <[opna HanncasHrrfi, discassed - o6cpx4eHHrrfi, o6cpq,qzuoquficr.
Tom assured Mike
there.
Tom asks, 'How many languages can you
-
u nplrqacrue npoureArxero BpeMeHlt
there?' He asked, 'Did you see the accident?' He asked, 'Will you be
'Wiere were you yesterday?' he said. He asked thern, 'Why are you laughing?'
Bocrnnqatrnr, gMoqHI{
BpeMeHH
nvtnyg1l,4ir, discu,ssing
wrong.
speak?'
flpocr6u, rplrKarilntdfl
-
flpuvacrne Moxer Bbrcrynarr
exam.'
l)
np[naraTen6Horo l,I Hapeqfit B aurluficrou t3brKe ecrb.[Ba npuqacrur:
Soeech
football.' He said to me, 'You are wrong.' Tom said to Mike, 'I'm
Bonpocst
flpnvacrue r.Bilflercu Herr.{Hoil r[opraofi rnarron4 xoropar ]rMegr caoftcrsa rnarona,
Indirect (Reported)
often play
sure you'll pass
-.' ' flpr,rracnre (The Participle)
Hososrr 6rua gaxgaruealoulefi 6rrn sgrorHosag. Hosoqrr 6sua y.{ueNrolsnofi
.
-f,
.
-fl 6ua yAuaneu.
a) npeveuil,,6) npnqnnsr, n) o6para4eficrsm.
:
Arriving at the station ( = When we
flpuexan
arrived at the station) we called a poder.
Mbr
Knowing English well (: As he knew English well) he translated the article without a dictionary.
Xoporuo gsas atarnuitcxNfi ssr{r (: Tar xar oE xoporxo 3Hzut anrnuficxr.rfi msrx), oH nepeBen crarbro 6ea clorapa.
Laughing, John left the house. He stood at the door smoking a pipe.
,{xou, cvercr, Brrrler
Ha BoK3irJr (
Koraa
npuexanu Ha norcan),
Mbr n03BIIJII,I HOCI4JIbUII{Ka.
OH
crorl
n3.uoMa.
y.qnepr,r u
s xoggeHgofi pequ coAepxagl,Ie nepBollaqaJlblloro B 3Haql{reJlbHofi cteneuu cnyxar nJlal'ollbl' BBoAnu[e KocBeHHyo pe+. (Cru. o6 srou no.upo6Hee yporu 35, 37.) NB! BaxHo
428
aAeKBaTHo nepe.qaTb
3toI qerll
429
T$
l4x$rmrnre (The
lnfi nitive)
,]t:
.
ti
She was the
1i
manoasuofi
i,
-
us London.
Bbrpa3rr6 qenb.
She went to the post
Ona nouura na
office to
llurluurruu
norry, tto6u Kyntlrl
KOEBeprbr.
buy some envelopes.
.
.
:
.
want
nocJre [p[JrarareJrbHED( glad, happyr
I was happy to
see her.
sorr], sngr] I'r Ap. .f, 6ru paa BuAerr
She was surprised to see us there'
.
nocJre BonpoprreJlbH6x cnoB
She wanted to
I'd ee.
smr6, .rro remrt.qaJbIIIe.
do next.
.
OHn o6eruaru HaBecrrrb uac n paccrararr HaM Bce o6 rx nyreruecrsuu n JIosAon.
ctn, must, may l{,qp.
rather play tennis.
Cne.ryer
nporoprrr 6omure upeueHn
Ha cBexeM BosAyxe.
Tsr
Aorxes npoqrrarb
oTy KHlrry.
Bau 6sr rryque noroponhrrcr. -II 6rr rryqure [onr?aJl B TeHHHc.
. B cJroxHoM AorronHeHr{r,r nocne rnaroJtoB yyBcrBeHHoro Bocnp}rrrnr see, hear, feel tl.up., a raKxe nocJre rlaronoB rrpurpK[eHl,rr let, make. Elnrto ne Br.rAeJr, Kar( oull yunu. Nobody saw them leave. flossolure nirMoqi gau. l,et me help you. He made me put offmy trip OH gacaaBur Merut orJtoxurg Moe
Ona 6run yAuwten4 Bcrpefla tvrc raM
OHa xorcfla
coro3oM
to ucnoauryercr:
. nocJre had better, would rather; You'd better hurry up.
where, how, whq wh|t n,up.
lnow what to
6es
nocJle MoAarr6Hbx HIaroJroB
You should spend more time in the opar (air). You must read this book.
decide, agree, expecf hope, plan, promiser. refrfse u Ap. .fl xory Hecxoltb3o He1pnb no6Htr s I want to stay in the coun{ry AePeEHe. for a few weeks. On Haaeerct Hatrrfl xoPouryao Pa6orry Hehopes to find a goodjob rrocJre HrarolroB
NB! Ecnn B upeAroxennr,t crorr prAoM ABa unQr.rnnrrn4 coe,wrsbnnrre and tnn or, To qacrttqa to nepe4 EropbtM tll nrx o6u.{Ho orrycKzrercx. They promised to visit and tell all about their trip to
ruri[trunrnB l{cnoJls3yerct:
. qro6u
me. office.
i
tl4
To
nocre be + the first/ second / next / last u r.n. first to greet Onaireprofi noeaopomnacr co mrofi. She was the last to leave the Ona nocne4neil yuua rc ot[nca.
nyreuecTBHe. nocJl€ cyluecrBmeJrbHbt
G
It's a pleasure to see you again. I've got a letter to answer.
. rocre would llke/would
flpu.rrno
Eac
yBnqerb BHoB6.
Mne rtpQAcmrtt tnneurrt
Ha
{"
luchtrto.
love/ would prefer.
We'd like to spend another week here'
Mu 6u xorcru
npoBecrtr 3.qecb eute
oAHy He.4enlo.
. noqle caon todenriugh. I'm too tired to go for awalk
f,
cnnurxou ycral, Yro6u UATI{
Ha
nporynKy. She is not old enough to travel alone.
OHa HeAocraroqHo
Erpoclat, vto6rt
nyreruecrnonam oguoil.
Cnoxnoe AononHeHre (Complex Object) Croxnoe AonorHeHre (Complex Object): / uecrouprenne + HHdttHmns / . nocJle HIaroJroB want, wish, I want you to help me. .f, xovy, qto6n rsr noMON MHC. would like, expect, find, advise, We would like you to join us, Mn xorelu 6u, believe, consider, order ,{To6H Brr npilcoeA[HrurficE K H,ttlr, (unQnnrrun c uacruuefi to) We expect Mum to come soon. Mu npe4nonaraeM, qTo MaI)4a CKOpO :npxJIeT, .
i. t,
,
.r
'
(uepeaorrrcr ua pyccrufi r36rK [pr,rAarorrHbrM
. rocn€ roHcf,pyrUnn itts nice / kind / stupid / clever ofyou / hlm / her to do sth.
Itwaskindofyoutoofferyourhelp.
Ewro no6eeso
c
Ballren cropoHbl
nPeAnoxtmb noMoqb.
430
431
:
flocne rnaloJroB tlyBcTBeHHoro nbcnpurrrr feel, hear, seg watcb,
They saw some people enter/entering the
notice (mQn*rnan 6es uacm-u to)
OHra ax.qeru,
. in order
to/so as to (rfopnanrHnfi
cT
r.nr).
house.
rar rarnb-ro JroAr,r Borrrnrr
(Sarr)/ BxqAxnr (npoqecc)
I stayed there so as (in order)
e noM.
osrarcc'rau, vro$u nocMorperb, vro npousoEqer.
-f,
to see what would happen.
She noticed the cat steal a fish from the table.
Oua saue,ur4 KaK KorrrKa yKpara prr6ry co
flepeA unQr.ranrxBoM c orpxqareruuofi'racrr.rqefi not rarxe o6uqno cTor,tT colo3 so
cTora.
as
The parents watched their phildren playing. Po.{urern ga6lro.ualra, KaK urparor rrx A9Trr. We felt thq bridge shaking. Msr vyecrnoaalN, KaK KaqaJrct Mogt.
NB! Ilocne rlarorob feel, bear,
nlu in order.
I'll write his telephone
.f,
number so as (in order) not to forget it.
ne
sarnury HoMep ero renei[ona, .rro6rr
sa6ut
ero.
"ruarr", "nournaarr" ynorpeSrrer-
see B 3uaseHr4r,r
. so that + can (could), may (might), will (would). I'll help hirn so that he can .f, nouory euy,
cr npr,rAaToqHoe flpeAnoxeHlle. I feel that you are right. A r{yBqrByro (nonunaaro), qro rbr npaB. We see that you are wrong. Mrr sll.utaM (nouuuaen), qro BH HenpaBbr. We hear you are leaving soon. Mrr cJrBlrxanu (sHaeu), qro BBr cKopo ye3xaere. . rIocJIe r[aroJroB make, let Don't make me eat the soup! He :asrasnsfi
v1o6sr oH cMor paHbrrre
finish early.
3AKOHTII,ITB.
I helped him so that he . could finish early.
.f, uonror eMy, rrrb66r oH cMor panbure
Irt us be friends! [atafire 6yAeru Apyarrrrlra. I shall never let you go. .f, unror4a re6c He
I'll pick you up at the station
.f,
ornyuy.
so that you
rvreHr
ecrr cyn!
a
3AKOHqI{TB.
won't need to take
saely sa to6oil Ha BoK3ar, qro66r re6e ne flpnrxJrocB 6pa'ru rarcn. .
taxi.
Cpannure r{ 3anoMH[Te:
,{eftcrnure;rrHbrfi 3aJror (6er to) I saw him drive a Toyota. They made the child go to bed at 9
CrpaAarenunuil ra;ror (c to)
He got a taxi so that he wouldn't-
He was seen to drive a Toyota. The drild was made to go to bed at 9 o'clock.
be late.
On
srrr rarcu, vto6rr He ono3,qar6-
l-epyxs4i (The Geiund)
o'clock.
in 'Tosca'.
We heard her sing in 'Tosca'.
She was heard to sing
.
I want to have my hair cut. Mne n),xno noA-
to have something done
("r.rnreru qro-To cAeranurtu", nacKTo-To Apyrofi CI,IBHOO 3HaqeHne
cTPUrIbCt.
BlnolrHrer,qeficrrue)
npoBeprrb nna3a.
:
t _1
You must have your eyes tested. Barra xyxuo
9rauemvuar Qoprr,ra rnleerct s alrrfffcxoM r3brKg Ho orcyrcrByer B pyccKoM r36rKe. Fepynaufi o6pa3ysrcr: uxSuurrru rrarora + oKoH.ranr.re -ing speak-speaking; leaveleaving; run-running. fepyngui BsrpaKasr Ha3BaHue.qefictrnr n o6na,qasr KaK cBofiqrBaMrr cyuesrBr{TenbHono, TaK u csoficrsaMr.r rraroJra.
fepyruufi xcnoJrrcyercr: Cparunre:
.
We washed our windows last week. (We washed them ourselves.) washed thern for us. We had our windows washed last week.
Reading is
fsurroaure cpegcrBa BbrpaxeHxg qenx
-
nHOt,tHvrrlrB
x nplAaroqHbre
npeAnoxeHxh qenu (The lnfinitive of purpose. Clause9 of purpose)
his
German.
432
up
useftl.
9renne noJre3no.
Talkingwithhimumsarealpleasurc. Pa:roaapnra,rc
urar*,r
6uijro oqeHb
flpnrrxo.
. rrocJre HraroJroB admit avoid, delay, deny, enjoy, excuse, fancy, finish, go, ine, involve, t<eqp (on) (=continue), min4 posipong put otf, suggest r.r gp.
Excusemybotheringyou. me.
On noexa.n a EepluH, qro6rr ocsexnrb cBofi
They kept (on) intemrpting I don't mind walking. Let's go fishing.
HevorrKxfi.
.
Ifear nupaaiaercr c floMoulblo: . to - infinitive (Hei[opruanruuft cruru). He went to Beflin to brush
B KarrecTBe cyqecTBnTenblroro.
rrocJre
imag-
I4gs[Hlnega6ecno(olcreo. Ouu npo.uolxaru,r npepHBarb MeHr. .f, ne aorpaxaro [o[rr,r neuroM. Aasafi cxoAr.rM na prr6amy.
dislikg enjoy, like, love, prefer, vro6sr arpa:u'r6
Hzrrrn npe.qnoqreHilr.
433
My son likes
.
reading.
Mofi cnn nto6nr qilratr.
Sayings ond
rrocJle npeAnoroB.
I?m tired of waiting. Mue He npanrrct ero MaHePa Pa3roBapnBarb' I hate his manner of speaking. OHa ugsmlllnacb 3a ono3.qanlte.: She apologized for being late. She left without saying goodbye. Ona yula He nonpolraBurl{ct.
f, ycrala xcgatr.
proverbs:
:
.
When in Rome do as thd Romans do. B vyxofi ruoHacrErpb co cBor,rM ycraBoM He xo,urT. Well begun is half done, Xoponree Harraflo norloBrHa ycnexaPromise little but do much. O6eu{aE ualo, a 4erafi uHoro. Neverput offtill tomorrow wlrat you can do today. He mxra.qrreafi na rarrpa'ro, ,r'ro MO)I(eUIE CJIetaTb CerOJIHr.
.
nocre nrtpaxexr.lfi: itts no user itts (not) worth, what's the use ofl cantt stand,
have difficulty (in) r Ap. Ii's no use complaining. The film is ivorth seeing;
'
Hsr cuucna xaroBarbct. @unru crollT Toro, qro6H ero nocMorPerb.
O6par1rre BHUMttHue ua repyHgnfi c npeAlu€cTByloquM cyIqeCTBllT€JIEIIEIM I{JII{ Me-
That will do. .{,ocrarovuo. Make hay while the sun shines. Kyfi xeneso, [oKa roprqo. Haste makes waste. flocngrunlub - tnorefi sacueururur, As you make your bed, so you,must lieon it. 9ro noceeun, To r{ [oxneurb. Make yourself at hsme. 9ync, nyfue ce6r rcax,uoua. A sood beginnins makes a HaqaJro - 3aJror
cTot{MeHleM: He insisted on me/my/you/your/her/him/hiVus/our/ther/their leaving. He insisted on Katey'Kate's leaving At once.
Fnaronu do, make nPH o6osnaqesnt geficranr, a raKxe s cbqsraHl'I[ c He I{MeIouIuMl{ Marepl{ilrlhxoro gHa'reHtll: to do B ocHoBHoM cyqecrBnrenbHltMr,r, repairs (lessons, harm, service, etc.). 2. f.rrarOn make UVegr B NaqeCTBe OCHOBHOn9 3HaqeHut (mpOLl3BOAcTBo C ngMolllblg Aeficrsufl>: to make a table (dress, cake, etc.).
L fnaron do ynorpe6lrerct
3anouHure cte,qyloIqne i[pasu n B6IPtDKeHut:
Do to do good, to do harm, to do exercises, to do business with sb, to do research, to do one's hair, to do right/wrong, to do a service, to do the shopping, to do the washingup, to do a translation, to do housework, to do homework, to do lessons, to do one's duty, to do work, to do an experiment, to do a job, to do one's best, to do sth for a
living Make to make a mistake, to make a remark, to make a noise, to make friends, to make a report, to make a living, to make money, to make trouble, to make Progress' to make an offer, to make sure, to make up one's mind, to niake an appointment, to make preparations, to make a mess, to make a joke, to make a fortune, to make an effort, to make a decision, to make an arrangement, to make changes, to make the beds, to make coffee, to make a discovery, to make an impression, to make an excuse, to make peace, to make war
434
435
floypqy;;ruli cnoeaph,
coin lkrrn] n MoHera come [kaml v (came; come) nprxogurr, npt,re3xar6
., ; ii,
comfortrble ['knmftbl] d yAo6nBrft ; xou$opra6enn*rfi cup [knp] n qaurKa; vaura, ry6ot< daughter ['dr:ta] n.qovr deep ldl:pl a rury6orufi; deeply ['di:plrl adv nry6oro desk [desk] n nrcrvensrrft ctor do [du:l v (did; done) aeaa'ru doctor ['dpkta] z rpav dog [dpg] z co6ara doll [dol] n KyKrra easy ['i:zr] a nerxnlr either ['arba] advrarore,roxe (a omputl. npedtoxexunc) empty ['emptrl a nycroft
BeoAxurfi Qorernsecrri rypc apple ['epl] n r6noxo armchair ['o:mtfea] r xpecJro
article ['o:trkll n cr:artt ask [q:sk] v l. cnparuraarr 2. npocurr; to ask sb for sth bag [bag] n cyuna, noprQelrs .
ball [br:l] n uav
:
!:
;
bank [beqk] n 6aur
fix [frksl
beautiful ['bju:tIfl] a nperpacnurfi, xpacuenfi bed [bed] n KpoBarb bicycle ['balsrkl] n (cotcp. bike) aeroo.rne.u
fork [f::k] n BHrrKa fresh [frefl a csexnfi
big [bIg] a 6onsruofi
friend [frend] n Apyr; friendly l'frendlr] a gppxecrnfi; Apyxenro6nurfi full lfull c noauufi, sarnrulfi luz HanorHerHrrfi ro KpaeB; HanonHennrrfi; lanonneuHufi; My bag is full of books. girl [gr:l] n AeBorrKa, AeByruKa glass [gla:s] z l. creuo 2. craKaH 3. pl otrn; sunglasses cofiHrle3arqrfrHbre orrK]r
bird [br:d] nnrwra black lblak] a.repuufi blue fblu:] c rorry6ofi book lbukl ll KHnra boot [bu:tl n 6ornuor, 6auruar bottle ['bptll z 6yrrura box lbpks] z xopo6ra; rur.rK; cyHIyK boy [brr] ,r MalJrbrrrrK brother ['braba] n 6par brown [braun] a xoprvuenufi busy ['brzr] a sanrroX, Hecso6oAHHfi cake lkerk] ,? ropr; nupoxHoe
calculator ['kelkjuIerta] n KzrnbKyJrflrop camera l'kamara] r Qoroannapar car [ko:] n Mailrnna carpet ['ka:prt] z r6aep cassette [ka'set] n Kacceta chain [tjern] z qenr, qenoqKa
chair [{ea] n cryn chalk ltJr:kl n r'aer cheese [tJi:z] n crip cinema ['srnrme] n (the cinema) Kr,rno, Kr{HeMarorpar[ar
clean [kli:n] auucrstfr', clean yqflcrurb; oqnularb clever ['kleva] a yv.usril clock [klok] n tacrl(cmeunwe, uacmotauarc)
coat [kaut]
r
narrBro
v rrr{Hnrb, peMoHrupoBarb
flower ['flaua] n qsffox
glove [glnv] n nepqarKa good [gud] a xoporurfi grey [grer] a cepufi
guitar [gr'to:] x rmapa; to play the guitar rnparb guitarist [gr'to:nst] r. rnrapncr
{ q
{ 1
{
I 1l
t' -1' { h'
,t]
436
Ha
rurape
handbag ['hendbag] n AaMcKar cyMoqKa handsome ['hansam] a rpacuasrfi (uaqe o uycrcuaxe)j cratnnfi hrppy ['hepr] a csac,uanrril; anr. unhappy necvacuuenft happily ['hepllt] adv cqacilmso; Beceno; anl. unhappily Hecrracrn{Bo hat [het],, rrrunq ranKa heavy ['hevr] a l. rrxelufi, rrxerosecurrfi 2. rpyrrufi,. Heyrmoxnfi helicopter ['hehkopta] n Beproner here [hra] advsnecs
homework ['haumwr:k] n AoMaruHee 3a.uanre; to do one's homework1elarr ypoKr,r husband ['hnzband] n Myx, cyrpyr interesting ['rntrestrq] a unrepecHuft jrcket ['d5akrt] n nnuxax, xyprKa journalist ['d5r : nahst] n xypHanrcr juice [Bu:s] z cor key [kr:] n Krrroq kind [karnd] a ao6pul[; arl. unkind [,nn'karnd] a ue4o6puft, r.rofi kitchen ['kttftn] n KyxHt
437
I
knife [narfl n nox lake flerkl n o3epo lamp flempl n raMfla lemon ['lemen] n
luuou
letter ['leta] n nr{cBMo lion ['laran] n leu little ['lttl] a uatessxufi man [men] n Qtl men) MyxqfiHa;
qerroBeK
map [mep] n Kapra meet [mi:t] v (me! met) Bcrpeqarb milk [mrlk] n MoloKo; milk v4ol.nr newspaper ['nju:sperpa] n r,Bera nice lnars] a xopouruft, npn.rrHrrfi, r,lnluil no [nau] part Het notebook l'nautbuk] n rerpa,qb oak [auk] n l. ty6 2. Apesecnua ry6a
student l'stju:dnt] n cryAeHr table ['terbl] n mon take lterk] v(took; taken) 6parr tasty ['terstr] a nrycur,rfi teach [ti:tj] v (taught; taught) yrrms, o6y.rarr; teacher l'ti:tJel tent [tent] n n,ua,tKa test [test] ir rect text ltekst] ,? reKcr
,?
yqrlrenb
thick [Ork] a ronsrufi thin [Orn] a ronrufi tie [tarl n ftrncryK too [tu:] advroxe, rarxe; Is Tom here, too? toy [bt] n nrpyrrrKa tree [tri:] ,N AepeBo
office ['ofis] x KoHTopa, oi[tc, rauqenrpur old [auld] a craprfi
trumpet ['trnmprt] n rpy6a; to play the trumpet urparb na rpy6e type [tarp] v fleqararb; typewriter ['tatpratta] n r:t4tnyt\M MIurnHKa; typist l'tarprst] n Mzurrr.rtrrcrKa ugly ['nglt] a nerpacrnufi; 6eao6parnrrfi
orange l'prund3] ll anenbcr.rn; orange a opaHxear,rfi park [po:k] n napr
vase [vo:2,
palm [po:m] n
natr,ua
t
pear [pea] n rpyra pen [pen] n pfrKa pencil ['pensl] n rapangaur phone lfaun] n (coxp. oz telephone) releQoH; mobile ['maubarl] phorie uo6nm-
nufi teaeQon; (tele)phone y 3BoHr{rE pilot ['parlat] rl rerqnK poor ['pua] a6e4r.l"l'fr pretty [' pntl] a uurlitrfr , np€lecT Hrrfi ; npuuexarelruuft read [rr:d] v (read; read) unrarr
umbrella [nm'brela] n 3oHrr{K vetzl n naza wash [wofl v l. urrru 2. crupart watch [wpU] ntacu (xapuitxuarc, uapyunarc) what lwotl qro? rarofi? where [wea] rre? KyAa? who [hu:] rro?
whose [hu:z] qefi? qrr? qre? v (wrote; written) nucarb; writer ['rarta] n nt4carerb
write lrart]
[es] part Aa young [jnq] a uonorofi yes
red [redl a rpacHeifi
lnfl c 6orarrrfi sailor ['serla] n.MoprK school [sku:ll z rrrr(oJra sea [si:l ,r Mope send [send] v (sent; sent) nocnlarr sharp [fo:p] a ocrpilfr ship [JIp] n Kopa6nr shirt [fr:t] z py6aulra rich
[fu:] z uorry6mnuox, ryQnr shop [Jop] z Maftr]ilH silver ['srlva] a cepe6prunrfi sister ['ststa] n cecrpa sofa ['saufa] n rt4BzH son [snn] n crru shoe
438
439
'l dictionary ['dIkJann] n cnoBaph diffi cult ['d ifr kalt] a rpy Tutrit dining room ['datnr4 rum] n ctolonas(e xeapmupe) dirty ['dr:trl a rprsunfi
Ocmoexoi rrypc Unit
1
disbwasher ['dIJwoJe] x nocy.qoMoeqHat MauHHa door [dr:] n rBepb; next door B coce,uueM AoMe, no coceAcrBy; HenoAzlneKy; no6nu3oqrlr, prroM; to live next door to sb xrrr.qaepr B.qBepB c KeM-JI. downstairs [,daun'steaz] adv l. suus2. yunty, B HIDKHeM sraxe drum [drnm] n 6apa6au; drummer ir 6apa6anrqar economist [r'knnamrst] n 3KoHoMHst evening ['i:vnrq] r Beqep; in the evening BeqepoM; on Sunday evening B BocKpeceHbe BeqepoM; this evening ceroAnt BeqepoM every ['evrr] a ranq.qnil; acrrufi; every day raxqrtfi Aesr everyone ['evrrwnn] pron : everybody ['evrrbpdr] rarx.qsril, gcgrufi (venoaer); ace;
actor ['ekte] ,r aKrep, aprucr; actress ['ektrrsl n arcpuc4' aprxcrKa address [a'dres] n arpec afternoon [,o:fte'nu:n] fl BpeMt nocne noJryAHr; in the aftemoon .{HeM, nocJle noxyAHr; this aftemoon ceroAnr AHeM; on Sunday afternoon
B BocxPeceHbe AHeM
album ['elbam] n anr6orra all [r:l] a Becb, Bct, ace, nc€; all his life, all men
all right [,r:l'rartl na.uHo! xoporuo! also ['r:lsau] adv raxxe; John is also here. angry ['engrr] a cepglrrufi; to be angry with sb atlabout sth; to get/to grow angry
Everybody is here. Bce sAecr.
paccePAr4TBct
everything l'evrr0rql pron sc€; Everything is clear. BcE qcHo. exact [rg'zekt] a rovnufi; exactly [rg'zaktkl adv"ro'ruo
answer ['a:nsa] n orBgr; answer v orBeqarr bad [bed] a ruroxofi; badly ['badh] advnnoxo
excuse [rk'skju:zl n ustuueHue; excuse v il3uuHt'tb; Excuse me! flpocrn/.te! BtHo-
band lband] n opKec-rp, np)anna My3blKar{roB basket ['bo:skrt] n ropruua; basketball ['bo:skitbt:ll z 6acrer6on; to playbasketball xrparb B 6acrer6or bathroom ['bo:Oruml n BaHHafl (rorr,tra'ra) bedroom l'bedruml n cflarbts blackboard ['blekbt:d] ,? KJIaccHiuI AocKa businessman ['brznrsmanl n Qtl - men) 6ugHecuen camel ['kaml] n rep6nna chef [Jefl n uretp-norap, uarurtfi noeap chemist ['kemlst] z l. xurvrx 2. aurerapr; i[aprrlauerr; chemistry ['kemrstrr] n xn-
eaT !
eye [ar] n mar
fair [feal a 6erorypurfi, cserrsrfi family. ['famrh] n cerr,rrr fast [fo:st] o cropufi, 6ucrprrfi; fast adv 6ucrpo, cKopo; to run fast
fat [fet] a xupunfi, carusufi father ['fo:6e] n oreq favourite ['fervarrt] c mo6nvufi, uglo6lesnslfi fetch [fetfl u (cxoAnt u) npr.trecru, npuBecrll fine [farn] a npexpacuurft, npenocxogurtfi fish [ftJ] npu6a; fish vpn6aurrr
MIT'
child ltjarld] n (p/ children) pe6euox,.4urr cigar [sr'go:] n cutapa ctassroom ['klo:srum] 14 Kracc (rorrauara); ayrrtopttfl. cold [keuld] a xoro4nufl; It is cold. XoroAno. colour ['knle] /, uBer, roH corner ['kr:na] n yrol; in the comer of the room B yr.lly KoMHaruI; atlon the corner of the street Ha yrny ynHIIbr; round the comer a) 3a yrnoM; 6) coacervr 6rnsro corridor ['kprrdr:] z Kopyrop country l'knntrl] n l. crpaHa 2. (the country); aepesHt, ceJlbcKurt uecruocrs; in the country B .[epeBHe, 3a nopoAoM; Ha laqe cousin ['krzn] n Ky3eH, Ky3HHa customs ['knstamz] n (the Customs) rauoxenuoe ynpaBreHl{e dance [do:ns] vraHueBarb; dancer ['do:nsa] rr TiIHuop danger ['dernfie] ,r onacHocrb; to be in danger 6rrrs B onacHocr]l; dangerous ['d ern
djeres] a onacstril
dark [do:k] c reuuuft
d
I
flat [flet] n KBaprr,rpa fond lfpnd] a nro6rquil; to be fond of(doing) sth; I'm fond oftennis / reading. football ['futbr:l] r r[yr6or; to play football r.rparr u rlryr6on fox [fnks] n nr.rca game [geim] n nr-pa garden ['ga:dn] n cag; gardener ['go:dna].,4 ca,qoBHLtK gentle ['@entll a urirxnfi, ao6p61fi, uexnufi give [giv] v (gave; given) Aanarr
glad lgled] a AosomHufi gold [geuld] a gororofi
granddaughter ['grend):te] n nHyvra; grandfather ['grenfo:ba] n AeAyuKa; grandmother ['granmnbe] n 6a6yura; grandparents ['grenpearents] n aeryuKa rr 6a6yurxa; grandson ['grensrn] n ruyr great [grett] a 1. 6onrurofi, onpouurtfi 2. sefluruia3. pasz.3zueqareJlbHBtfi, nelrlrolennrrfi; That's great! Bor eAopono!
desert ['dezat] n nyc'urtr
440
44r
I
Bonoclr; hairdresser ['hee,dresa] ,? flapnKMzxep (o6awu. datcxuil); at the hairdresser's y napurvaxepa; barber ['bo:be] n napuxM.xep (uyctccxoi); at the barber's n napuxuaxepcrofi hall [hr:l] n oar, 6olruroe rroMeuleHr4e hand [hend] n pyKa, Kr4crb pyKll
hair [hee]
,2
1
t
[,h o : d'wE : kt 0] a ycepAuufi , rpy.lolrc6unnil home [haum] rr.qoM, xunllue; at home.uorua horror ['hpra] n yxac; a horror film (story) Qr.rnrrra (por'aan) yxacoB; horrible ['horabl] a crpaururrfi, ]acacHufi hot [hot] a ropntnir, xapufi; It is hot. Xapxo.
I { t {
l
hotel lhau'tel] ,r rocrr4Halra, oreJlb house [haus] n Aov interrupt [,rnta'rnpt] v nepe6urarr, npepblBarb (rouoprrqero) job [6pb] n pa6or4 Aon)KHostb kind z copr, Krracc, p{rrprr; What kind of book (man, paper) is this? {ro ero 3a KHnna (.reloaer, 6yrrlara)? know [nau] v (knew; known) 3Harb; r.IMerb noHtrl,re ilril rrpeAcraBneHue laptop ['leptop] n uuHlrounbrorep large [o:dJ] a 6orsuroE, KpynHbIF; a large house/car/family late [ert] a onogAagunfi, :anosgaaurnft; to be late for school (for work, for dinner)
il 1 j
{
Ii
ono3.[arb B rrrKony (ua pa6ory, x o6e,qy)
magazine [,mega'zi:n] fl x]?Hzrn
mail lmerl] lr
noqr4 rloqroBa, KoppecrloilIeHuur; e'mail (:email) 3neKrpoHHarl
ma
nager
[' m
e
n t
d5e]
r?
ynpaBntlouufi , ueue.qxep
marry ['merrl v xeHurrcr, 3{M)DKnm;
BbIxoAHrB 3ilMyx;
to marry sb; married a xelrarutfi, 3al{yxeM; to get married
to be married 6utr xeuaruu, 6rru
(no)xeuntscr; nsrfirr sauyx msthematics [,me0a'matrks]
new [nju:] a Hosnfi noise lnrrz] n uryM; noisy ['ntrzr] a ruylrrrrrfi now lnaul adv renept, cefiiac number ['nnmbo] n l. vnclo, KoJlr{qecrBo 2. (nopr.qronrrfi) uovep often ['pfn] adv taclo; He is often late. open ['eupan] y orKpbrBarb paint [petnt] v l. xpacnrr, pacKparur{BarB 2. nncars KpacKaMI{, 3llHr.rMarrcr xuBonu-
crrc; painter n xygoxHr,rK pardon ['po:dn] ,r npouleHrre,
H3BnHeHr4e;
pardon v npoqar6, r43Bnnrrb; Pardon me!
t [' p e a ra n t] r, po,urrenr, poAHTeJrEHnua park [po:k] y craBurb Ha crorr{Ky (aemouo6uta, caworrem u m.n.); parking place (parklng lot) n rvrecro srorHKr.t astolao6nreil party ['po:tI] fl Beqep, BeqeprHKa people ['pl:pl] n ltwru photograph ['fautagro:fl n r[ororyar[u.r; photo ['fautau] n conp. oz photograph plcturc ['ptktJa] n KaprhHa, KaprrdHKa; in the picture Ha Kaprr4uKe play [plet] v ilrparb; player n l. yvacrunx nrpu2. aBToMaruqecKlfi uysuxalruufi paren
I{ucrpyMcur;
a
CD player, a DVD player
please [pll:z] udv noxasryilcr4 6yasre ao6pu pleased lpllzd] a.qonolrusrfi; to be pleased with sb/sth
t
plump [plnmp] a nolHrrfi, rgxlrrf,, orpyrurufi; a short, plump woman; a plump body lfacc/ tigurc pocket ['pokrt] n xapuaH pollcc[pe'li:s] nnonvrrJut;policeman nQtl-men) nolnqeficrcuE; policewomann(p/ worncn) xeHrunHa-noluqeficruft
pretty rrrlv,rtonorbHo, Aocraro.tHo; The film is pretty interesting. probably ['probablr] adv yepotrno; She is probably at home. qulet lkwal at] a ^ruxwi'r, 6ecruyuunfi rerlly ['rualr] adv reitcrsnrenBHo; Ha caMoM Aere regard [rr'go:d] n l. nuurrlaure, 3a6ora 2. Qt{) noxton, nprrBer; Give my kind (best) regurds to your family.
n
uareuaruxa; maths [maeOs] n pa:tz. coKp. om
mathematics
mention ['menjn] v ynoMr,rHarr, ccblJlarrct Ha; to mention sb's name mistake [mi'sterk] n ouru6ra; to make a mistake c.uenarB oruu6ry modern ['modn] a coBpeMeHHbtfi; uorufi
442
{l
neighbour ['nerbe] n coceA, coceaxa
-
noqTa
make [merk] v (made; made) aeaats, IBroroBJItrb, npon3BoA]rrb; to make tables (bricks, wine, machines).uelatr cT oru (ru.Ipnnvlr, BI4Ho, ruaruunst)
B BocKpece-
yrpoM; this morning ceroAHc yrpoM mother ['mnba] x MarB, MaMa name [nerm] n nur, Qauulr.r-r; first n{une HMr; family (last) name r[auull.lfl; surname ['sl:neIm ] n rlravnnnr nationality [,neJa'nalrtr] n Hartr{oHarrbHocrl necklace ['neklas] fl oxepenLe, KonLe Hbe
hard-working
lazy ['leIzr] a neuusstit light flartl a cneuuril; a light room like flarkl a nogo6uufi, noxoxnfi; What is he like? a) Kax ou srluturr?; 6) 9ro ou co6ofi npe4crasrset? live [hv] v xurr; life ilatfl n xH3H6 living room (= sitting room) r rocrltHitt, o6utac xoMHara long [pn] a Tnuuusrir; longhair(legs, nose) look flukl v cMorperB, rnsrerb; to look at sb/sth love [nv] z nro6oar; love vruo6nT r lovely ['lnvlt] a rpacuurtfi, oqapoBarenbHslfi , npunnexarenrnrtft
money ['mnnr] n genrrr.r; Where is my money?
morning ['mr:nrql z yrpo; in the morning yrpor'a; (on) Sunday moming
right [ralt] rr l. npanufi, cnpare,q.nt*ri; to
be
right 6rnr npausrlr 2. neprrufi, npa-
right answer npaBr.rnrHHfi orscr sad [sed] o nc.rallHrlfi, rpycrnsrfi, yuuaufi. scarf lsko:fl n (p/ scarves) ruaprf scorplon ['skr:pran] n cKopnnoH nnrrurrr,rl.l; the
443
wife [watfl n xeHa woman ['wuman] n (p/. women) xeHulilna work [w3:k] n pa6ora', work v paSoraT b
seat [si:t] n Mecro see lsi:] v (saw; seen) Bngerb shelf [Jelf] n (p/ shelves) norr
yard [o:d]
short [I>:t] a l. roporrnfi; short hair 2. Husrnfi, uearrcorrfi; a short man shy [Jat] d 3acreHr{r{Bbrfi, ctecnrrelrnufi sing [srq] v(sang; sung) netr; singer ['sr4a] n neBer1 single ['sr4gl] a l. eAuHcrseHHrrfi 2. xorocrofi; He3aMyxHrx
skirt [skr:t]
yeah
year [re] r roa yellow ['jeleu] a xerrrtfi yet [et] adv yxg, (renepr); noxa; (noxa) etsp (e eonpocumet bHdx. u ompuqamenbHba npedtotceuunt); Is it time to go yet? yx9 nqpa !/|I:r.t4?,He is not here yet' Eno
,? ro6Ka
slim [shrh] a rouruft, ffpofiHbrfi; a slim girl
small[smr:l]auaIenrrnfi,rre6orrrurofi;asmallroom/lrouse/towrr/car smoke [smauk] z l. asrr*r 2. xypeune; to have a smoke noKypnrb; smoke v l..quMr,rr6; AbrMHTrcr 2. snake [snerk] n rrraer
rypurr; smoking room
3.(ec6 eule HeT.
{
Paeroaopxute Sopuynbt
KyplrreJrrHar (rorrluara)
sorry ['snrr] 4 oropqenr{brfi; coxanerculufi; (I'm) sorry!
I
Br.rHosar! Hsar.rnure!
If.puauugmoun: Hello (: hallo, hullo)! Hi! Good moming!
IIpo-
CTHTE!
spoon [spu:n] n rroxKa
Good aftemoon! Good evening!
station ['sterfn] z nor:an still [sttl] adv Ao clax nop, (nc€) eqe, no-rpexnervry; He is still busy. take it easy orHocurecb cnoKofHo, ue noruyfirecr, ue nptunuafi're 6nugxo tall [b:l] 4 BsrcoKufi; a tall man taxi ['teksr] n raKcr{; taxi driver n Bo.(r{reJrb raKcr team [ti:m] n (cnoprunnar) rouaH4a thank [Oaqk] v 6rarogaputr; thank you cnacr6o tben [6enl adv l.rora4 BTo BpeMc 2. nocae, noroM,3areM there [6ea] adv 'ruvt; over there (nou) mrr,r
think
n 4aop
[ee] part pa3z. ra
How are you? How is your wife (mother, etc.)?
K cepAuy
I Fine, thank you. { V"w well (indeed), thank you.
j
ticket ['trkrt] n6u:lrer
i
today [te'der] adv ceroAtrc, tomorrow [ta'mpraul adv 3aBTpu, the day after tomorrow nocne3arrpa town [taun] r ropoA, ropoAoK uncle ['arjkl] n Acrr
I
vet n Berepr.rHap, Berepr{HapHrrfi rpar
l. xe.nauusrft, npurrnufi 2. uuetoalwft flpaBo urru pa3perrreHr.re cAenarb .{To-[.; You are welcome! floxanyficra! (e omeem Ha ndpcrxceHue 6tazo-
,Il,o6poe
yrpo!
,{o6puil,qexr! ,Il,o6pufi ae.rep! Kar noNnsasre? Kar noxnnasr rarua xena (uarb
14
T.n.)?
fXoporuo, cnacu6o.
{ o"e"r xoporxo, cnacu6o.
LEo,oar, rrro He oqe'b xopolxo.
Ifpouqanut:
[OrOk] v (thought; thought).(yMars
wall [wr:l] n ste'rla wallet ['wolrt] n 6yuaxnur wsnt [wDnt] n xorerb
LNot u"ry wetl, I'rn afraid.
flpuaer!
I
Goodbye! Bye-bye! See you. See you soon. See you later! Give rny love (regards) to your family (sister, etc.). Nice to see you!
,{o
caraAaHr.rr!
,{o uc'rpeuu! ,{o cxopofi Bcrpeqn! Vsr.r.unN.rcr nosAnee!
IepeAanafire npl4Ber cenre (cectpe u r.n.):
flpnrrno 6ruo nost Aarrci c satvtu.
Patronopurte rpOpruynsr [puBeTstBHt o6UqHO npol3HogcTct a
i[opuylr,I npoulaHlrt - c Ht{3KllM BocxoAflIllllM
C
Hr'IcxoAtUlI{M ToHoM'
ToHoM:
welcome ['welkam] a
'Good'mor,ning.,Good,bye,
dapnocmu); welcome y [prBercrBoBars (zocmn); Welcome to Edinburgh! Ao6po rroxaJroBarb s 3aru6ypr! well [wel] advxopouto, orJlr4qHo which [wrflf pron ynomp. a *onpocca, cefl3aHHbtx c ao3MoitcHocmtn eat6opa rcto (r.rs)?; sro (r.lr)? ro'ropuft (nr)?; xarofi?; Which umbrella is yours? white lwart] a 6etr;.ilr why [waIl adv noteuy?; no raroil rprr{r4He?; Why are you angry? why fnr rat
3uaxomcmso: This is Mr Brown (my husband, etc.). floguaxousrecb c MuqrepoM Epayuot"t (nrouv layxey uT .n.). florsaxourrecr c rrloefi xeHoft (6parorr'r u r.n.). Meet my wife (brother, etc.). 3.4pancrnyfire! How do you do? Pa,q c saMlr no3HaKoMtlrBc.fl. Nice to meet you.
444
445
Etazodapnocmc: Thank you (very much). Thanks. (@a.u.) Many thanks. Thanks a lot.
Unit 2
(Eonruroe) cnacu6o. Cnacu6o.
airport l'eapr:tl x rraponopr
Eolrruoe cnacr.l6o.
Omsemu Ha 6nazodapilocmb: 'l Not at all. Don't mention it. L I That's all right. ) You are welcome.
He sa
apartment [a'po:tmant] n auep. KBaprupa artist ['o:trst] z l. xyAoxnnx 2. aprucr, arrep bake [berk] vreqb, BsrneKarl
qto. He crorr 6aaro.qapuocrn.
floxaryficra.
Ifgeunenun:
(l'm) sorry.
flpocrme. BuHosar.
(I'm) so sorry.
-ff
I begyourpardon. Pardon (me). Excuse
me.
rax guHosar. flpocrure. Ilpoury rpouleHnr.
flpocrute
KITIoB
beard [brad] n 6opo4a blond(e) lblpnd] a 6erorypufi; cserrutfi boat lbautl rr noAK4 IIrrIIonKa boyfriend [' btrfren d] n pazz. " uo no gofi uenoaer", gogrIo6neHHHE bread [bredl n xne6 briefcase f'bri:fkers] n nopri[enr
,
MeHc. Plgsunr.tre Merrr.
butter ['batal r Macrlo certainly ['sr:tnlt] adv xonevuo, HenpeMeHHo; HecoMHeHHo climb lklarm] v rapa6iatrcx, ns6nparucr; to climb a tree mo6patrcr (nesrr) na,uepeBo
Omeemu ila uScuilenun: That's all That's J Never mind, Forget it.
right. 1 oK.
cold n l. xono4, cryxa 2. npocryAq HacMopK; to have a cold 6rrtr flpocr)DKenHblM cook [kuk] n noBap, KyxapKa; cook v rotoslfiE nl,rlqy, crptlrarb; cooker n flilLrt4
Hn rero. Bce u nopr.qre.
Hnqero. flycu ero sac He 6ecnoxour. 3a6yarre 9To. He scnouuHafiTe o6 yrorrr.
Patroaopuue uraMnbl 6lano.uapuocrx u u3BrHeHr.tc o6gt,rHo npofi3xoctrcs c HucxoA'IIII{M
beak [bi:kl n
TOHOM.
I'm'sorry. 'Pardon. 'Thank you. B l,tssnlreHufx ralo(e unpoKo ynorpe6trrcrcf coqeftlttfie HrtlKoro u'BocxoAcrrero
NCTIE
cougb lkofl n Karxerb; to have a bad cough cuJIEHo KaIItJtflrE; cough v KattlrJltrb credit card ['kredltko:d] n Kpe.qrrHat KaproqKa cupboard ['kabadl n urrar[,6y$er dinner ['drna] n o6eA; to have dinner o6eaarr
dive [daIv] v flpLlrarb
B Bo.uy, HBIptrE
Ex'cuse,me. I'm'very,sorry.
draw [do:l v (drew; drawn) pxcoeatr; drawing [do: I0] rr pncyHox drink [drrqk] v (drank; drunk) nrrr drive [drarv] v (drove; driven) BoA]rrb, Becrl{, rpaBl,trb; ynpaBltrr; to drive a car
flpuuretenue cntt tafl u4:
egg [e9] n
ToHoB, rrro npu.[aer grt{M BHcKa3rrMHHrM ocoOyp
renlory
H cepAeqHocrb.
BECTI{ MAUJI,IHY
... ;;;; ;; ::: I sav! ;L,oOK ^--'_.___, nere! Excuse me
I J 'l F
)
Sorry to ... (internrpt, interfere,
Justaminute!
etc.)
nocnylrta.fire! Mnuyrry!
flour ['flaual r MyKa flu [flu:] n (coxp. or influenza)pct3e.
in fact ua
flporuy npotr1estlr 3a ..., n3BnHnre, qro... rox.unre! 3fi, nocryurafire!
Ilpoccda nocmapumt cxazannoe(nepecnpoc) :
'Pardon?
'Sorry?
|
npocrrre, rrro
86r
craraln?
I 'beg your'pardon? J
,{atruoro poAa BHcKa3ErBaHur npon3nocrrcr c BocxoArrrlxM ToHoM.
446
c{ttr,toM AeJIe, s
fly [flar] v (flew; flown)
I.
tBJIeHHe 2. ucrruua, peaJlbHocrr, .uefisrsrrrenrHosrr; AeficrsrreruHocr]t
tpt4rtrt, uuQarceuqa; She's got (the) flu.
terarb, nercr. 2. Becrl{, n[Jrorl'Iposars
(ca]aoJtem, Koctvtu-
vecxuil xopa6no) freckle ['frekl] n BecuyrrrKa fridge [frr$] n (coxp. oz refrigerator) paze. xoJIo,uHJI6H]4I( game [germ] n r.rrpa girlfriend l'gr:lfrend] n noApyra, Bo3ni,o6JIeHH'ai, ffo6firitas.qesyruxa ' i good at cnoco6uufi K qeMy-n.; He is good at mathematics. headache ['hederk] n roJIoBHuuI 6olr; I have a bad headache. V NreHq cnlrno roroBahelp [helpl n [oMoulB, help v norvorarr horse [hr:s] n rrorua,ub 1
'l
I
l. r[arr, co6rttne,
fact [faktl n
Mr.rxy'oxrcy! Moxno Bac Ha M[lryrovxy! IIo-
Heyl (Qax.)
xiqo
-, Hrnuuure' noxaryncta' "
6olnr
447
just [6ast] adv npocro,
Bceno nurrrb; roJrbKo
talk [o:k] y
king [kr4] lr Koporrb language ['laqgwrd3] n r36rx; the Russian (the English) language lemonade [,leme'nerd] ,? n]uoHaA, leopard ['lepad] n neonap4
cr4Tpo
lift [hft] n l.
r.;
no4nrrr.te, no.q6eM; to give sb a lift nogc4qrr6 Koro-fl., ro.(Be3rr{ KoFoCan you give me a lift to the station? 2. nu[r; lift ilrftl y noAHr{Mar6; to lift a
table I a suitcase / a child match [metJ] ,r cnnrrKa message ['mesr$] n coo6lqeHue, ,qoHeieHr,re, nocnaHue; a phone message reler[oHorpaMMa microwave ['markrawerv] z vtxponoltoBarr flJrlrra monkey ['mnnkIl n odesbsHa motorbike ['mautabark] n MoroquKn moustache [ma'sta:Jl n ycrr
music ['mju:zrk]
n
ent/ski ll/in strumen
ruyrsrca; musical ['mju:zrkl]
t'
4
not married. - Neither am I.
-
Neither can I; I'm
pet [pet] n (nrc6r.lruoe) AoMaurHee xnBoruoe piano [pr'aneu] n QoprenuaHo, porn6; to play the piano plane [pletn] ,4 crMorrer potato [pe'tertau] n (p/ -oes) raprorpear question ['kwestjn] n Bonpoc relative ['relatrv] n po.usrBeHHrK
ride [raIdl v (rode; ridden) 1. exaru, e3Ar{rb MauuHe,
{ il sr
parrot ['parat] n nonyrafi perhaps [pa'heps] adv uoxsr 6snr, eolr',roxHo
\1
I
ilrparl
BepxoM; cKaKarE
Ha
I
QoprennaHo
I
2. exarr, e3aurb (6
again [a'gen; a'gern] adv cuona, nuons
(a
poJrr{Kn, pon}IKoBEIe KoHbKI,t
run [rnn] v (ran; run) 6exarr, 6erarr skate [skeltl v Kararrcr, 6era,r sa KoHbKax; skateboard ['skertbr:d] z cxefir6opg, .[ocKa Ha ponnKrx Anr K{ta*ut ua act[urre ski [ski:] v xoAr{rB Ha rbr)K.x so [sau I advroxe, raxxe; You are late, (and) so arn I; Tom has aboat. - So has Ron. sort [sr:t] fl Br1,q, po.u, copr, pa3HoBr{AHocrb spenk [spi:k] v (spoke; spoken) l. ronopurr; to speak English (yrrle,ru) roBopt4rL no. anuxficxr,3sarr asrluficrufi.rgHr 2. parroaaplaarr; to speak to/ with sb about
back [bek] ad.v o6panto, Ha3a,q; to give (to take, to send, to bring) back, to go (to come, to run, to fly) back
f, I
rl
bring [brr4] v (brought; brought) npHHocHrL; Bring me
a cup, please!
buy [bar] v (bought; bought) noKynarb call [kr:l] v l. 3rarr, no3Barb 2. ssor{firb no relei[ony close [klauz] y 3aKpbrBarb come in BxoAHTb come on 6 epaM. gHaq. ue)rcdorilemun pa3e. uy-ra, uy.uauafi; Come on, children, let's have a little quiet. Hy-ra, pe6.nra, He r[],I!rure. cut [kat] v (cut; cut) pe3arb, pa3pe3arb eat [i:t] v (ate; eaten) ecrb, noeAarl; rr]rrarbct exercise ['eksasarz] ,? ynpoxHeHr4e, rpeHr.tpoBKa; exercise book rerpaar; exercise y
ynpaxnmr(cr), rpeuupouarr(cr)
sb/sth
straight lstrert] a npruofi; straight adv no npruofi ilnr.vlt, nprMo; to ride straight swim y (swam; swum) nlana'rb, KynarBcc (e uope, oaepe); swimming pool ['swtmtqpu:l] n nJraBareJrBHrril 6acceis
448
wrinkle ['rInkl] n MoputuHa
Unit 3
motorbike)
tail lter[
whale [werl] n rnr wide [waId] a tstupoxnfi widescreen ['watdskri:n] a urnporoerpaHurrft wing [wr4] n Kpbrno wonderful ['wnndaf|] d yAr.rBr{renbHbrfi, uaynrrenruufi word processor ['wr:dprausesa] n yctpoficrBo Anr 3reKrponHofi o6pa6orKr.r rexcra
1
roller-skate l'raulaskertl y Kararf,cr Ha ponr{Kax; roller-skates ['raulaskerts] n p/
sb
yacht [ot] n rxra
fl
na eetocunede u m.n.); ynpaBnrrb, BoAmb; to ride a bicycle
to talk tolwith
T-shirt ['ti:t3:t] ,r reHHucKa; Qyr6oma use [u :z] u ynorpe6nrrr, noJrb3oBarlcr, nptlMeHrrb violin [,vara'lrn] /, cKpr.rnKa; to play the violin urpa'u Ha cKpr.rnKe visit ['vrzrt] y HaBeularb (xoeo-t.);3ixoAt4r6 (rc xouy-t.) walk [wr:k] y xo.qr,rrb, l,rlrr{ neuKoM; rynrrL, nporynr.rBarrcr; walk n xogr6a, nporynKa nerxKoM; to go for a walk nofirn rorynqrE, sHfiru Ha ilporynxy; to take a walk nporyrrrucr
M)BbtK.rn6Hufi; musical tal-
neither ['narbe] advrarxe He, roxe ue; He cannot speak French.
pa3roBapr,rBars, 6ece4ouarr; roBopurb, o6rqarscr;
about sb/sth thing [0t4] n BeuIE, rrpeAMer time ltatm] n L spev.q 2. vac, rovnoe nperul; What is the time?, What time is it? Cromro upeueHr?, Koropurfi vac? tonight [ta'nart] adv cero4us BeqepoM tooth [tu:O] n (pl teth) ry6; toothache ['tu:Oerk] n ty6ttax 6oar; He has (a) toothache. Y uero 6orm ry6u. translate ltrens'lert] y repeBo.q]rrb (c o.4noro r3brr(a Ha.qpyrofi); to translate a book from English into French.
n xBocr
fall [fo:l] u (fell; fallen) naaarb; to fall down/over yracrB go [gau] u (went; gone) ra4'ru, xoA]rr6 hand n noMorrlb; to give (to lend) a hand oKa3arb noMour6, noMorrb; Let me give you a hand
l5 3ar 2510
with those bags.
449
------T----I
inside [,rn'sardl adv snyrpr: BHyrpr{; to go inside sofiru s noMerqeHr,re; to be inside 6rrrs s noMerrleHr,rr (a .qoMe); inside prep. BHyrp6; BHyrpx; Go inside the house. BxoAure s Aov. He is inside the house. Ou s A6L{e. ladder ['lede] n necrHr{ua (npncmrnae) iend ilendl v (lent; lent) gararu nlafivu, .[aBarl Ha BpeMr; to Iend money / books KaK acn I) npuxazauue
let fletl u (let; let) Haqaem
,
aeor
I
I
n
date [dert]
day [der]
Aa'rl--rrt'tcno;What date is it today? (or What is the date today?)
AeHb; What day is it today? n I, t1449 2.,uut[ep6nar; the
fast [fo:st] o cropBrfi,,6r1-_crpufi1
flycrr
,
,z
face {fetsl
noaerumerrbHoM HawoHeHuu os-
u m.n. nyqr,; Let him come in.
4
Unit
fageof the clock adv 6ucrp-o, cropo; to run fast
g, fasq,[o1se.; f.ast
6exam 6uqpo ,:ir half [ho:fl z nonoBr{Ha; It is half past I I (o'clock)..IoroBr,rHa ABegaArlaroro.
BofiIsr (enycrme ero). 2) npuzraweuue K cozMecmHoMy deilcmewo 4aaaft(rc);
,
Let's have dinner. ,{aaafi noo6eAaeu. listen ['lrsn] v cryuarB; to listen to a lecture (to music) matter ['mata] n 1. gero, Bonpoc 2. (the matter) HenpmrHoe Aeno, He[pr4xrHocr6; TpyIHocrB; What's the matter? B venr geno? What is the matter with him? IIro c nuu? mend [mend] y q[Hr,rrb, ruhona'rr; nararb; r{cflpaBJrrrB, peMoHTr,rpoBarr; to mend
;,.,,1r,.,.,j11./.j
qgth, wegk) '
I Lr'
S,lpgg
Ay, (B
,l;rf -,lt
shoes
news lnju:zl n HoBocrE, HoBocrrt; r.r3Becrue; What's the news? 9io Hosoro? outside [,aut'sardJ adv l. cuapyxn; Haynrqe; Please wait outside. 2. Hapyxy; Let's go outside; outside prep aue, sa (npeaenarnru); The car is outside the yard. parcel ['po:sl] n naxs.r, cBeprol( 2. nocuma, 6arqeponr pass [po:s] y nepe.qaBarb; Pass me the butter, please. passport ['po:spr:t] n tracnopr piece [pi:s] n KycoK; a piece ofbread put [put] v (put; put) KracrB, craBr,rrb; noJroxr,rrb, rrocraBnrb repair [rr'pea] v per"rourupoBarb, rruHl,trb; to repair a house salt [sr:lt] n conr sandwich ['sanwrd3] n caH1'BLt t, 61nep6poa secret ['si:krrt] n cexper show [Jau] v (showed; sh.own) noxa3brBarb; show n npe.[craBnelre; rxoy sink lsIqk] n paKoBr.rHa (eo4onpoeo4a); kitchen sink ry
test ltest] /r npoBeporrHar aza ron,ponrrrafl pa6ora; test y p.rrr 2. recrr,rpoBarr, npoBeprrB c rroMorrllro recroB window ['wrndau] n orno youth [ju:0] n MonoAocrB, roHocrb
l.
r.rcnrrmiaarr, npore-
(no nper'aeura); 6yaywuia; next year a 6y4yuleru (r rogy); next week I ' Ha cle,qyrcqeft HeAeJre; next Sunday B cneAyrolqee night [nart] n Hoqb; BpeMr or HacrylneH[r reMHorlr Ao paccBera wtu w 6 \acos BeqepaAo 6 .{acoe yrpa; at night uovrro noon [nu:n] n noJrIeHE; at noon B rroJr,qeH6 quarter l'kwr:tal n qerBeprr; a quarter ofan hour qerBepfr rraca season ['si:zn] n BpeMt ro.qa, ceSoH slow [slau] a uegnenHrrft; slowly adv Me.{JreHHo week [wi:k] n :ae1ene; this (last, next) week Ha orofi (na npournofi, ua cnegyroqefi /
6ylyuefi)
HeAeJre
wrong [roq] rr HerrpaBr,rnbHufi, Heaepnufi, ouru6ouHufi; loxnrri yesterday l'jestadt] adv ytepa; the day before yesterday nosaavepa; yesterday momj
j 1
I
ing avepa yrporu; yesterday evening Bqepa BeqepoM \
,\nu neduu: Sunday
['snndr]
-eocrpecenre,
BropHr4K, Wednesday i
.l
Monday ['mnndr] roHeAeJrbHuK, Tuesday |tju:zdrl cpe.uq Thursday ['0r:zdr] qerBepr, Friday ['fraidr]
['wenzdrl
nrrHrqa, Saturday ['satadr] cy66ora
'{
I
Mectqou January
I
['dJanjuan]
rHBapE, February ['februarrl r[erpans, March [mo:tf] uapr, Mafi, June [@u:n] nrous, July [Su'lar] uronr,
April ['erprrl] anpen6, May [mer]
['r:gastl SBrycr, September orra6ps, Novernber [nau'vemba] nor August
I { I
Bpenenazoda.' winter ['wrnta]
i I
oceH6,
fall
lft:ll
ourraa,
lpk'teuba]
r
6
:r, spring
[sprrrl]
BecH4 surnmer
['snma] Jrsroi autumn []lteml
anep. oceut
i
450
{
45t
Bpenn: What time is it? 1 What's the time? J It's half past l0 by my watch. My watch is (five minutes) fast. My watch is (five minutes) slow. My watch is right (wrong).
Kmoprrfi vac?
flo vonu
qacaM noroBr,rHa oAlrHHa,quaroro.
Mon qacsr (na nrrr rnrlrHyr) cne[rar. Mou qacu (ua nrrr ruuHyr) orcraror. Moa qacsr nAyr npaBunEHo (Henpaeranuuo).
Unit 5 active ['ektiv] a AeqreruHrrfi, eirepru.runi; arrtlrnHrrfi, xranofi a lot of / lots of (c ttcuucJrneilbtMu u 4eucvucnteudMu cyt4ecn?6umenantu,tu) MHoro, MHoxecrBo; a lot ofbooks, lots ofnewspapers; a lot ofbread, lots ofbutter a lot (c z,tazonauu) ruHoro; She reads a lot. assistant [e'srsten t] n noMouIHr4K, accilcre]rr baby ['betbr] n Mna,qeHeu, pe6enor,4urr beach [bi:tJ] nilrfl)K begin [br'grn] v (began; begun) navrauarr boring ['bt:ruq] tl HaAoeArIr4BBrft; cxy.*mE; a boring man / film/ book/evening breakfast l'brekfast] n 3aBrpaK; to have breakfast 3aBrpaKarr build [brld] v (built; built) crpou'm caf6 ['kefer] n xaQe centre (auep. center) ['sente] 14 ueHrp chat [tjetl v 6olrarr, Herpr.rHyxAeHHo 6eceaoBarE; chnt n HenpuHyxAeHuttfi paro-
rop; to have
a chat
nororopurr, no6olrarr
clothes [klaubz] n oleN.ra; My clothes are dirty. Put thern in the washing machine. collect [ke'lekt] v l. co6Nparr 2. xolneruuoHlrpoBarE; collection [ka'lekjn] r nonneKrrr.rr; a stamp / coin collection correct Ike'rektl v ncnpapnrrb; r(opperclrpoBars; to correct mistakes cow [kau] n KopoBa delicious [dr'hjas] a l. socxurllreruuufi, npelecruufi 2. o.{eHr nrycuutfi; delicious dinner early ['r:lr] a pauttuir; errly advpawo
exciting [rk'sartr!] 4 3uxBarBlB{ilorrua7, yB,reKarsnubnT (o paccxase, noercmu u m.n.) farm [fo:m] z i[eprvra, xosrficrao; to live / work on a farm finish ['finIJl y KoHqarb, 3araHrrr.rBar6] to finish one's work; to finish doing sth food [fu:d] n ilvill\a, nuranuq eAa forecast ['fr : ko : s t] n npo nHo3, npeAcKa3aHr,re free [frI:] a l. ceo6oAHufi, ue:aaucurr.rufi; a free country 2. uetaunrrlit, cao6o4nttfi; Are you free in the aftemoon? garage ['gero:3] n tapuK get (to a place) nona,qarb, npu6rraarr KyAa-n.; .qo6rapatcr Ao KaKono-JI. Mecra; to get home; to get to Moscow
get up ['get 'npl phr v BcraBars, noAH[Marbct; to get up early in the morning go 6 coqemaHuu c nocnedynquu zepyndueu abtp&tcaem deilcmeue, coomaemcm6ynt4ee 3HaveHuro zepyudu.n; to go skating nofiru na KaroK; to go skiing xoAltrb Ha JrBrxarx; to go shopping ornpaBrtrsct 3a rIoKynKaMLI, xoAnrb rro MaTaulHHaIM go out ['geu 'aotl phr v l. esxoAl,Irr (nr norrleulexrat) 2. 6r;r,arr s o6qecrse; We go
out very seldom.
gym.[fitm]
r, rr.rMHacrr{qecrnfi san
hard [ho:d] 4 rpyAHrril, r:rxerurfi; rpe6yrourfi HanpnKeHr4t; hdrd work; hard adv l cruruo, lrHTeHcHBHo; gneprur.{Ho; to run hard 2. nacrofi.rr,teo, yflopHo, ycepJlHo; to work hard; to think hard
l. npa:.quur; Hepa6oqxfi AeHE, AeHb KaHr.rKynrr; on holiday B ornycKe, Ha KirHuKynax
holiday ['hpltdtl n
orArlxa 2. mtrc. pl ornycr,
interpreter [r n'tr p rrta] n y cruui'r flepeBo.uqxK interview ['rntevju:] r uHrepBbrc; interview v 6pa,ru r.rHTepBBIo iron ['aran] v yrroxr4Tl, rrra,unrb (the) last thing n nocrreAHroK) oqepeAb, HanocneAoK; (the) first thing npexle scero; :
nepBbrM AonfoM leave fli:vl v (left;left) l yxoaurs, y€xar6; to leave the room sufirn r,rs KoMHarbr; to leave Moscow yexarr x3 MocKsrr 2. (for) HanpaBfl.rrBct, ye3xarb Qgda-n.); to leave for London like flarkl v mo6nrr (umo-t.); xopouo uttu ogo6pvneJrbHo orHocl4TBcc K rleMy-[., KoMy-n.; to like dancing (dogs, fruit) lose flu:zl v (lost; lost) reprrr lunch flnntll n reHq, sropofi 3aBTpaK; to have lunch eaa'rpararb uJtu o6e.uarb B cepeAr{He AHr (t 12-14 vacoa); lunchtime l'lnntftalm] lr BpeMt Broporo 3aBrpaKa (npuruepno 12-14 r.acot) main [mern] a ocnouHofi, rrasHrtft many ['menr] p ron Mnoto; many books /eggs/ cars; how many cxoruxo? meal [mi:l] n npvr.rrve nuuu; era; Lunch is his main meal bf the day. medicine ['medsn] n l. uoAnIlrua 2. nerapcrno, MeAIiKaMeIrr moirntain ['mauntrn] n ropa much [mnd] pron Mmoto; much bread butterl time; how much? crolmo?; mtch adv unoro; He reads much. He smokes too much.
mum [mnm] nMaMa, MiMynr, MaMycfl nephew ['nefju:, 'nevju:] n nleMrHHr.rK newsagentts ['nj u zerdents] n rarerurrft rtocr niece [nr:sl ,r nJreMrHHrrua north [nr:0] n ceBep; in the north Ha ceBepe polite [pa'lart] a aexrnrufi; arf. impolite Henexnnssrfi prepare [prr'pea] v l. npuroraurnBarr, noroBrrrs (sapaxee); to prepare lessons; to prepare a lecture 2. rorouut(cr), uo.qrorauuaatr(cr); to prepare for an examination radio ['rerdraul n palno; arn the radio xo paar.ro relax lrI'leks] v orAsrxarb;.{enarb nepe.[6Iurrcy; paccna6ntrrct; to relax for an hour :
iestaurant ['restrpnt] r, pesropaH
452
453
round [raund] z o6xo;i; doctorls round o6xog rpa'rou srme lserml indgf,, pron. (the same) o6urnoneqnuft, tor xe cauufi, 3ror xe, oAr'IH u ror xe; at tlie same iime E oAHo ll to lie apeur say lserl v (said; said) roropnrr, cxdtarb; to say sth to sb secretrry l'sekretnl ,t ceKperapE sbower [Taua] n l. ruseu.B 2. ryru; to have /to takey' a shower ryI{HITE.4/III sleep [sli:pl v (slept; slept) cnarr . | , 1 i,l south [sauo] n rcr; in the gouth qe rcre start [sto:tl v l. iaqrgarb(cn); When does the class start? 2. ornpaorlnrct, nycKarbcr B nyr6; What time are we starting stay lster] v 1.. ocmBatrcr, He J4oArr6; dinner (to supper); Stay her,e with me.
hotel osranasnrsarrci B rocrlrr{rue; with friends nocrrrr y ApFefi; I'm goi parocb ocrauonutrcr y 6para study l'stadrl v l. usyraT r, uccrleAoBarb; paccMarP[Barr 21 y1uu, I'B]ruIarL (umo-t); to study history (medicine, Ianguages); study n l. rsyveuue, nccneroBaHlle; Haa
.
p/ upno6pvrexue 3uauufi, fleurle; 3aHATE ; to begin one's studies [pficrynarr K 3ltHtrntM lx yw&l; to continue (to finish) one's studies npo4orrxa'rr (saxonwrrr) saurrnr lyuefyl subjed ['sabdglkt] n l. npe.quer, reuaQlasaoeopa u m.n.) 2. npeluer, AI{cqurIJIuHa such [satfl a raxof; It is such an interesting film. 1rvune 3arurrfis2. o6urcn.
sunbathe ['sanberbl v nplrHltMarb corHequble BaHHBI, 3aroparb supper l'sapal z yxnn; to havesupp€r yxnlrarl train [trernl n roe3A travel ['travll v nyreuecrBoBarE; to travel by train /by plane nyreurecrnoBarb noe3.uoM / canaorgrov university [ju: nr'vr:srtrl n yuuBepcurer
dllege ['vrhd3] n aepeBHt watch IwptJI v na6moaarr, cMs.rpsrb; to watch
cMorPerb refleBr{3op; to watch the game sa6aloAa, r sa urpofi wear v (wore; worn) 6nrr orerrrM @o umo+); Hoclmb (odercdy u m-n.); to wear a hat lcoatl ingl watch/ glasses -
wbather ['weba] r nonoAa weekend [,wi:k'end, 'wr:kend] t,
BED(oAHEIe AHI,! B KoHqe HeAenx;
ynx-eng; at (on)
the weekend B BED(oAHhIe AHH world [wr:ldl n Mup, cBer; nnauera; BceJIeHHat
"
Unit 6
bit lbltl z l. xycox,
KycoqeK 2. (a bit) ne6olruoe Kolr4qecrBo, HeMHono, qyr6-qyrb; Wait a bit. floAoxAlr rreMHoro. I am a bit tired. .fI HeMHoro ycraa. He is a bit late. OH crerxa onos.uan. boll [bul] y Kuncrnrb; Bapmb; to boil an egg break [brerk] n repepHB, rrayl4 rrepeMeta (a uxorc); a coffee / lunch / tea break;
La's
take a break.
bucket ['bakrt] n BeApo catch [kefl v (caught; caught)
l. nofiuarr,
cxBarr{Tl 2. ycnert, [ocner6 (ua noesd,
doJttorem u m.n.); to catch the train nocnerr Ha noesA chess [tJes] n urxMarbq to play chess chocolate l'tfoklet] n rroKora.u
classical [fklesrkll a KnaccsqecKnit comedy l'kpmedl] n KoMeAr.rl, company ['knmpanr] n KoMnanrlf, concert l'konsat] n KoHqepr
customer l'k^stema]
noKynarenb; KrrHeHT
'l daily ['derh] a exeAnesHHfi deliver ldt'lrva] ? pa3Hocrrb, AocraBJurr; to deliver letters departmdnt store [dr'po:tmant str:] ,r ynrBepMzrr earn [r:n] v sapa6arnoarb electrician [I,lek'trIJn] ri enerrpur( enough
lr'nlfl c .qomatovnufi;
Have we got enough sugar for the cake? enough adv is old enough to understand. Ou AocraroqHo nrpocnrrft, vro6u rronr{Mar6. 2. gonolrno,.qo neroropofi cr€neHn. She sings well enough. explain lrk'splernl u o6rrcHmr; to explain sth to sb; explanation [,rkspla'nerJn] n
-
l. 4octarosuo; He
oOrrcgenue. famous l'fermes]'a snaueHurufi, figsecrHnfi fan lfanl n troKrroHHuK, novrrarenr; r[anar; a football fan first of all nper(Ae Bcero get [get] v (got; got) l. 4ocrara'rr, go6urarr; to get tickets / money 2. nolyvau; to
getaletter/apostcard ham [hem] n BerqHHa; oKopoK hate [heIt] v HeHaB[rerb; He BErHocr.rrl
health lhelO] , esoponrej healthy ['helOr] a lsopoorrfi hospital ['hpspttll n 6omunua
hungry ['hnngnl a rolo4uufi; I am not hungry. idea [ar'dral z naer
keep [ki:p] v (kept; kept) .uepxarr, r,rMerb, xpau]ml; Keep your passport in a safe place.
alone [a'launl adv s o1utotecrne, Hac1utie, oAuHoKo; to live'(to sit, to die) alone
last [o:st] v npoAonxarlcr, Arrr{rbcr; Each game lasts about an hour. lawn flr:nl n nprafira c noAsrpxxeHuofi rpaaofi; rarou; lawn tennis nayn,teusuc,
la'rarvl] nflpue34, npu6rrrrg; Guests receive dinner on/upon arrival at the hotel. belong [br'lp4l.v (to) npllHa,[rexmr, 6rrrr co6crrelrnocrbrc; The book belongs to
literature lilnratJe] n nvrepurypl
arrive [a'rarv] v npn6usaru, rpue3xarb; to arrive 'in London (at'a port); arrival me.
454
TeHHnC Ha TpaBe
loaf fl aufl n (p/ loaves) 6yxaHxa xle6a; 6ynxa; a loaf of bread
45s
Iook rfter sb / sth npncrua'rprBarb,
)D@)KuBarb 3a KeM-Jr.
whole [haul] o oecu, qensril; He is at school the whole day. wonder ['wnnda] rr {y.{o; Heqro yAr.tB}rrerbHoe, Heox{,[aHHoe; it's (no wonder) ...
/ serra-n.; Who looks after the
children?
HeyAHBHTeJIbTTO
lhkd ,r cqacrnuBbrfi, yAaqHbrfi; a lucky player mean fmi;nl v (meant; meant) suavu, E, o3Haqarb mind [marnd] v Bo3po(arb, uMerb qro-n. nporllB; Do you mind niy smoking? I hope' you don't mind the noise. mirror lmrral z 3epl€rlo lucky
niss[mrsl v-npofiycr]rrb, movie
fmu:wl atep.
He
pazz.
tBrr6ct;
to miss classes KItHoKaPrrHa 2. (the movies) KuHo;
l. t[ulull,
to go to
the movies
need [ni:d] v HJDKAarbcc, l.IN,Ierr HaAo6noct, norpe6Hocrr (a qer"ril.)i He needs rest. Do you need any help? I need to get some sleep. only ['aunlt] adv roll.r'ro opera ['opra] r onepa other ['ade] 1. erqe (oaI,tH), AonoJlHnrenbHnfi, apyrofi; Are there any other questions? 2. Apyrofl txofi, ue totl He is busy now, ask him atout it some other time. 3. rropofi, Apyrofi (ue deyx tuu mpex); the other half; on the other side ofthe road 4. ocransuge; Some of the touriSts are at the theatre, the other tourists are at the hotel.
ibiul n l. xanourr, cocrpaAaHue 2. neqanrHrlfi r[arr; r[arr, Aosrofinstfi coxaueuur; It's a pity. Xaar. What a pity! Kar xalxo! prefer [prr'f3:] v npe.qno'rntatr; I prefer fish to meaL quite [kwartl adv Bnorue, coBceM; norHocrb|o; AoBonbHo; quite big/ good/ cold/ wann/ interesting; He plays quite well. regital lrr'Saltll z xouUeprOAHoFo ltclloJlHl{real, Cglrultil KoHUepT; a piano / violin / organ recital QoptenuannuE/cxpunurHrtfi/oprauHnfi KoHIIepr romantic [reu'mantrk] a pouanruvecxufi science l'sarans] n l. uayrca2. co6up. ewgcraeHHble HayKr
pitv
sentence ['sentan sl n rrpe,qnoxeHue
set [setl v (set; set) l. craar6r, noMeuarb, KIIacrB; IroJIoxI'ITb, nocraBl'rrb 2' uaxprta{fiy (ua cmot);Plase set the table for three. floxalyftcr4 tarpofi're cron lra Tpl4 nePcoH6r.
shout Uaut] v Kpruarb; rPoMKo roBopI4TB; to shout at sb rpuvatr Ha Koro-JI. sulDerinarket ['s u : p am o : krt] z cyneprvraprer syrnphonic [srm'fonrk] a buuQouu'recrr'rfi take u rpe6orarr,; orHr,tMarb; It takes about an hour to get to the airport. Hyxno ororo qaca' vro6r,r 4o6parEcr Ao arporlopra. How long does it take you to cook dinner? Cxouxo y re6x yxoArt apeMeHI{, vro6ul npurotosurr o6eA? tidy l,tardrl a onprruufi, arrypa'ruuil; vucrufi; a tidy room / desk; tidy v (mcrc. tidy up) npn6npatb, npuBoAttrb B rloptqor; fo tidy a room twin [twrnl zpl 6nzrHequ; Aeoinqurrl. understand [,ande'stand] v (understood; understood) IroHuMtrrb waiter ['werta] n oi[nuuant; waitress l'weltrrs] z b$r'rqr'ranrra wardrobe ['wr:draub] n rapAePo6, nlat.rnoi urrai[ water fwr:tal tt BoAa; water v nonvsarr
456
Unit 7 amazin g [a'
,l
m
erzr 4] c
yAH BhreJr bHbrfi
, noparr.rrelrH u fi ,
nlyullrelsulrfi
aunt [o:nt] rr TerKa, Tert bath [bo:0] n l. xynarrne (e oanue, e 6ane); to have (to take) a bath npuHl.ruarb )1
BaH-
uy 2. ualrua bclieve Ibr'li:vl y Bepr.rr6 both lbauO] pron o6a, o6e; Both the boys are Russian. camp [kemp] n narepr (cnopmueuaril, dentcxilil u m.n.); 6ara or4uxa; camp y l. paa6lraarr narepB; pacflonararbcr narepeM, Ha np[BaJr 2. xurs (zde-a.) zpeMeHHo, 6er y4o6crn; to go carnping xtTb B naJtarKrx B Typucrcr(oM narepe; campsite ['kempsart] z Mecro par6unrn narepr careful l'keafll n ocropoxntrfi; carefully adv oc.ropoxuo carry ['kerr] y Hesrn, Hocr,{r;; She is carrying a heavy box. ceiling ['si:lrg] n nororroK costume ['kostjum] n KocrtoM fantastic [fen'tastrk] a 1. $anracrnvecmii, crpannrrfi 2. euo4.-yctu. u3yMurenbuuril, norplcarourufi; The beach is fantastic! field [fi:ld] n norre, lyr; in the fields ua none floor [fl>:l n l. nol 2. er:ax; We live on the fifth floor. forget [fa'get] v (forgot; forgotten) sa6urarr, He noMHr{rb fruit [fru:t] n l. nlo4; a fruit tree nlo.qoaoe.qbpeno2. co6up. rfpyrru each [i:f] a xaxgtrit, lro6oil; each othergpyr apyra; They all know each other. cnd [end] n KoHeu, oKoHqaHr4e; happy end cqaculssrfi (6aarononyvHsrfi) xoHerl; end v ronqaru, 3aKaHqI,IBarB enjoy [rn'd3tI] v l. nro6r.rrr (umo-t.), nolryqarb yAoBonhcTBrie (om vezo-t.); to enjoy music (poetry) 2. mtrc. refl. uactaxaarscx (ueutr.); Beceflr{TLcx, xopoulo npoBoAr.116 BpeMq; We are really enjoying ourse[ves at theparty! examination [rg,zemr'nerJnl n Qtazz. exam) srsauen; to take an exarnination 4epxarb gK3aMeH; to pass an examination Bbuepxars ?K3aMeH; to fail (in) an examination npona.nrrrbcr Ha 3K3aMet{e get on sth caiqr,rrLcr (e mpaueait u m.n.); to get on a bus cagnrrcr n an.ro6yc; Here is your horse, get on. get off sth cleaarb c qero-r.; to get offa bicycle (a horse) cnetarB c BeJrocrneAa (nouraan) gorgeous ['gr:$as] a eM04.-ycun. serNxorenHrrfi, 6recrluufi, npenocxo,4Hrrfi hurry [hnrt] n cneu;x\ ToponnuBoc'Tb; in a hurry B cne[Ke, BToporux; hurry v cnerrll,lTb, TOpOnr{TBCt
ice [ats] n te1;ice cream Mopoxeuoe imagine [I'me$rn] v noo6paxars, npe.qcraBnrrl ce6e; the children now. island ['arland] n ocrpoa jumper ['6ampe] n AxeMnep
I can't
imagine life without
457
laugh [lq:fl v cMetrbct lie [ar] v (lied, pres.p.lying) nrarr; conrar6; o6uannna'ru; You're lying! lie flatl v (lay;lain;' pres?. lyrnC) rlexarb look for sb/sth ucxarr Koro-Jt. / vro-1.; What are you looking for? museum [mju'zi:am] n uyteit national l'nafnal] 4 Haur.roH,ubHufi, rocyAapcrseutlt lfi
pack [pak] v ynaxoBEIBarB, yKnaAblBarb Bel{r't pair [pee] n L napa; napHrle npe.[Merb4 a pair of shoes 2. neu1s, cocro.tuat I'13 aByx vac'refi; a pair oftrousers pavement ['pervmantl n rporyap peace [pi:s] n uup pick [prk] v co6uparr, cHr4MarB; to pick flowersifruit/berries plant [plo:ntl n pacre*ue; plant v caxarr pyjamas (BrE) (AmE pajamas) [pe'dJo:maz] nynomp. c ar. so MH. q. nnkava rain lrern] n .qoxA6; rain v ugrn, wnscn (o doucde\; Is it raining? It often rains here. Does it often rain here? right now B 3Tor MoMeHT; cefi.rac, ceroAHt xe, cpzl3y ring [n0] v (rang; rung) l. 3BoHurb 2. ssoHnrr no rene{rony
road lraud] n.uopora sand [send] 14 necoK; sandy ['sandr] a necqaustfi shine lfarn] v (shone; shone) ceernrr smart [smo:t] a onprrurtfi; naprauufi; oaeraursstfi smell [smel] v (srnelt, smelled; smelt, smelled) l. o6ourru, qyBcrBoBarb 3anax; to smell gas 2. ruoxars 3. naxHyrs; I{Merb 3anax; to srnell good (nice, sour) nuers xoporur.rfi (npurmsli, xl,rurni) mnax; Dinner smells good; to smell of sth naxnyrr qCM-JI.
smile [smarl] v ylst6arrc.a; smile n ynu6ra snow lsnau] ,r cHer; snow v luru, na,uarE (o cueze); It is snowing. It often snows in winter. It doesn't often snow here in winter. soccer ['sokal n Qyr6or someone
l'snmwan] (:somebody) ['snmbadr] indefpron Kro-ro, Koe-Kro
soon lsu:n] adv cropo,,ncrope sun [snn] n conHue; colnequrtfi cner; Don't lie in the sun all day; sunny ['snnr] a
colHeqgtrft taste lterst] v I . npo6orarr; AerycrnpoBart 2. uuew BKyc; to taste sour (sweet) 6srrr
rucnr'tM (cnaarnrtr) Ha BKyc; to taste ofsth unrerr npnBKyc qero-Jl' time nperurnpenpoBoxAeHxe; to have a good time xopouo npoBecru BpeMt, lloBeceJI14TbC'
trip [tnp] lr noBAKa, nyreuecrBue; eKcKypcur
try ltraIl v nrnatrcr, craparbct; to try hard oqeHb craparbct turn ['tr:n] v 1. nonoparurarr(cr) 2. nepeaoparntarr turn on ['tr:n 'on] phr v txnwuats (eas, paduo, py6utanurc);3rDKHnarL, BKJIIoqarb (ceem); orKpbrBarl (xpau); rrycrarl Bo.[y; turn off ['tr:n 'ofl phr v BblKrlloqarb Qtaduo, zas); racurs (ceem); 3axpbtBarb (xpax, eody) vacation [va'kerJn] ,r KaHI{KynbI; They are on vacation in Hawaii now.
458
view [vju:] n suA, nefisax, rraHopaMa wait [weIt] v )Krarb; oxu,qarb; to wait for sb/sth
war [w::] nsofrHa warm [wr:m] alennstfi windsurfing ['wrndsr:frq] n nurqc€piluun
worry ['wnrr] v 6ecnororrr(c.r), nonuoearr(cr); Don't worry. We have a lot of
time.
Don't worry about me. Unit 8 atmost ['r:lmausll adv noxri,l; Dinner's almost
animal['anrml]
zxuoorube;snepr
ready.
' '! 't:)
:i
':'
I
''ri
area ['earra] n pafiou, o6aacrr; roHa bar [bo:] n KycoK, 6pycor; a bar ofchocolate beer [bra] z nuso bench [bentJl n cra.neilra biscuit ['brskrt] n cyxoe neqenBe, KpeKep bowl [beul] lr MHcKa; ra3; qarrKa; xy6or, varua carrot ['karat] z uoprour carton ['ko:tn] n xapronxa; KaproHH,ur ropo6ra chalk [tJr:k] n r'aer chemistts ['kemrsts] n anreKa cigarette [,srga'ret] n cvtapeta; nanxpoca
i
cost lkpst] v (cost; cost) crourr, o6xo.qurrcr; to cost much (little) cronrr Aopono (aeureso); How much does the book cost? cream lkri:m] n cnr,rBKu; KpeM dish ldrll n l. 6rrcao; Mr{cKa; qarrrKa 2. eg16trn.p'o, KyruanBe empty ['emptr] a nycrofi, He3anorHeHHbrfi, nopoxuufi; an ernpty box far [fo:] adv auexo, ua 6oluuou paccrotHl{I,r; It's not far to the beach. get (: buy) noKynarb
giraffe [$a'ro:fl n xnparf
hamburger ['hembt:ga] n nav6yprep honey ['hanr] n uea
\
jsm ldjam] n BapeHbe; AxeM
jar
ldSo:l n 6atxa; I(yBlIn{H; cKrItHKa
jug [BuS] n KyBrxr.rH; r(pyxKa left a leanfi; left hand; left n nesat cropoHa; Take the next road on the left. To the left ofthe library is the bank. lonely ['launh] a o.(nnoxufi; She lives alone and often feels lonely. packet ['pakrt] z naxer; cBr3Ka; a packet ofcigarettes pepper ['pepa] n nepeu pie lparl x nupon; nupoxox popular ['pppjala] o nonyrupHrtfi, nolrryroqnfict Ll3BecrHocrblo, noflyntpHocrBlo; She is popular with men. pursc [pr:s] r, KoueJIeK
4s9
rainbow ['rernbau] rl p4rryra rent [rent] n KBaprr{pHar uara; for rent c,4aercr nuaev; rent v
f
I . c.qasars B apeHAy,
nnaeu; He rents his house to us for 5000 a year. 2. apenqoaarr, cut,ruarr, 6parr aHaeu; We rent our house from Mr G. right a.npaarrft; right hand; right n npanar cropoHa; Take the first street on the right.
rug [rng] n roBpr,rK, (oBep sky [skail n He6o; ue6eca; What's that in the sky? stamp [stemp] n rrraprca
gtrawberry ['sto:ben] n rny6uura *Trr::tP, z l. NaanHilruac neuta2. varullrorlouuar neura 3. uarlruro{ronrar telly ['telt]
n
aa-
pasz.reneBnsop
terrace ['teras] n reppaca tom*to [ta'mo:tau] z (p/ -oes)'rorvra'r, noMr{Aop toothpaste ['tu : operst] n zy6uan, ndcra towel ['tauel] z nolmeHqe
tray [tret] n noAHoc upstairs l,rp'steazl adv uazepxy, vegetable ['vedstabl] n oBorrl
Ha BepxHeM
rraxe;
She is upstairs.
.[BycnanbHar KpoBaTb r neKapcrBo; drugstore
['drngstr:] n L anierapcrufi uararr.rs 2. auep. anrexa-aarycortll,u; MardllrH, ropryroulufi neKapcrB:Mr,r, rocueruxofi, xypHanaMn, MOpOXeHBrrrl, XOQe y r.n. electronic [r,lek'trpnrk] 4 3JreKrpoHHErit elm lelm] n6om.nrrz,unr,u else [els] adv eup; rporvre; what else? .{ro eue? who else? rro erie? equipment [r'kwrpmant]rl o6opyAoBaHile; ocHaueHr.re everywhcre ['evrrwea] adv acngy, noBcrcAy feel [fi:l] v (felt; felt) riyBcrBoBarb, orqyruarb final ['funl] c nocreguaft, 3aKJr]or{r4TeJrbHufi; roneuurrfi; the final chapter/acti finally l'farnalr] ady s roHeqHoM cqere, B Konue KoHuoB, HaKoHeu; And finally, I would like to thank you all for coming here today. fire ['fara] r? oFoHb, nnarr,rr; fireplace ['faraplers] ,4 KaMr4H front lfrnnt] n nepeAHr.r cropoHa; tpaca.u; There's a garden at the front ofthe house. furnish ['fr:nlfl v o6craBnrrb, rrre6rupoearr; to fumish a house/a room; furniture drug [drng]
['fs:nrfa] Unit 9
actually ['aktfualt] adv ([arruvecru, Ha cruoM lene; r geficrulTeJrbHocru after all B KoHue KoHuoB afraid [a'fretd] a ucnyraxunfi, HarryraHnsrfi; 6orrquftcr; to be afraid of sb/sth; to be afraid ofdoing sth; to be afraid to do sth; to be afraid that ... i She is afraid ofhard work. She is afraid of going out alone at night. I was afraid to open the door. I'rn afiaid (that) I'm late. I can't help you, I'm afraid; to be afraid for sb/sth; I'm not afraid for me, but for ttre baby. He is afraid for his'job. at last HaKoHeu attractive [a'traktlv] a npl'l.rr.rarenr,nrrft, npunnercarelrHl,rft; an attractive smile avenue ['evanju:] n aBeHrc, npocneKT back fbak] n sa4ll.r.r.,6olee orgareuHzrr qacrb (uezo-n.); at the back ofcsagr,l, uoraAr,r; the garden at the back of the house best [best] a nywtufi, castle ['ko:sl] n rifuior; ABopeq coast [kaustf n uopcrofi 6eper, no6epexbe; on the coast xa uo6epeNre coffee table ['kpftterbl] n uugxuft crorrr,rK (e zocmuxofi); xypHanmsrfi cronnK convgnience [kan'vi:nrens] n l. y.[o6cruo; for convenience A[r yro6crBa; for the convenience of tourists (of clients, of shoppen) 2. pl ygo6crn4 r
460
chute [fu:t] n MycoponpoBoA di gl tal ['d t dgt tl] a qnQporofi ; a di gi tal canrera/computer/cl ock /watch double ldnbl] a .qnofirrofi; cAnoeHHirfi; cocro.rulufi x3 .[Byx vacrefi; a double bed
n rue6enr
heart [ho:t] n cep.uue hope [haup] y Ha,uerruci; hope n narex.ua house-warming ['haus,wr:mr4] n noeocense, npa3AHoBaHr.re HoBocentr' (mcrc. house-warming party) huge [hju:fi] a orporuuufi, rpor,,raguufi; a huge mountain / anirnal inform [rn'ft:m] v coo6uarr, l.r3Beularl, lllrr[oprrar-rpoaarr; to,inform sb of sth; in-
formation
[,
I n f a' m
etJn] n r,rHQopnaqr.rr, cBeAenr.rr, AnHHbre
internet ['rntanet] n r{HTepHer lane [ern] n l. .qopoxxa, rponuHra 2. y3rar ynoqKa, nepeyriox
make sb do sth sacTasnrr6, BbrHyx/larr,, no6yxgar6 Koro-Jr. .ue[a:rs qro-Jr.; always makes me laugh. This dress makes me look fat. you refuse. mile [marl] n MAtr.
I can't
She
make you come
if
neighbourhood (BrE) (AmE neighborhood) ['nerbehud] z l. coceAcrBo, 6nr.tsocrr; to live in the neighbourhood of London )Klrrb He.{rueKo or JIosAoHa 2. (crofi) pafiou, rrapral; We live in a healthy neighbourhood. own [aun] c cBofi co6crBeuurril; rpuHagnexauui,r (xouy-,t. u,tu uenry-tt.); Is the car your own?
per [p3:, pal prep
yKct3bt6aem Ha Roruvecm*o, npuxodauleecn ua onpedeneHHyn eduuu4y B, H4 c, sa; 23 miles per hour 23 unnn n .rai; f, 300 per ton 300 ilyrron 3a roHHy; Rooms cost f, 50 per person, per night. perfect ['pr:fikt] d coBeprueHHbrfi, 6esynpevunfi, npexpacunfi; a perfect actress pleasant ['plezntl a npurrrnr.il; a pleasant climate/evening/place poster ['pausta] n o6raareur4e; ai|rnrua; nnaKar price [prars] n qeHa; What's the pricb of this suit?
461
Unit 10
programme ['praugram] n nporpaMMa; programme v cocraBntrr nPorpaMMy tdil progranrmer ['preugrama(r)] n nporpa.uuucr - nnau; rather ['ro:Oal adv ao ueroropofi creneHr, AoBoJlbHo, orrlaqru; The book is rather
'cj xw, HecMorpr Haro, rtro; She often visits herparents al= though she is very busy. (be) away [e'wer] orcyrcrBoBarr, 6uru n omerge; He is away. although [r:l'baul
interesting.
n nputnta; ooroaanue; What's the reason for your decision/being late?forthigreasonnoaroFnp4]Il9 ,:,r .i , , ,,..:, ,ii j:;r, i,,.,,':,r,. ,,,,;i
reason ['ri:znJ
,
bald [br:ld] d Jrbrcgrfi because [br'koz] c/ noroMy rrro, TaK xarc; because ofut-r4 BcneAcrBue; because of me r{3-3a Merur; because of iheweather ns-ra norogu boss [bps] n pcBz. xo3ttlH, rpe.qrrpuHr.rMarenb; bossy flbosr] a pcsz. pacnopixaro-
' ypPBHoBaueHrelaxed lrr'lekst] a HenpnHyxAeyHb14r,p4cSoraunqfi; gq.oro[utufiu nnfi
residgptial, [,r9z,l denJl] a x.vroil;.a ggiet residential area, , , ,' , i. rest [rest] v orAbrxarl; Jl€xarb; cnatr; He likes to rest after dinner;. rest n'nqrotr,
r:1uftct, 3anpaaJrroulufi rceu; She is rather bossy. Ona .nrc6rr pacnoprxarbcs (ronau4onars). broad [brr:d],a'wupoxuft; a broad street/avenue/riv€r; broad shoulders; He is tall,
:
. l rr : 'r ,: : : .ij. j o.TAErXl colr; :tohavg(,totake)drestolrlbrxzvtb,.\ rr tct'bo r 6eslnacroctl4; uaxoyurr*c1 safe [serfl a 6esonacHuil e:,*.?
s s
't:.i?
:
."t"j t:].
'OT.AeJIEHBIfi;
r't' : :' i:l'{:t)
nonoBl{Ha;
e room'o.uHa (Apy-
r8orruporairlrufi; cropoHa; one (the
broad and muscular.
build [bIld] n rerocJroxeHue; change lfetndS] n [epeMeHq L
rar) nononuua (croponci)'roMlrai6l; ihe left (the right) side of'the toad nesat (npanar) sropoHa Aoporu l. sayvaru, [3.qaBarb rnyr 2.
sound lsaund] v
i
srylarr,
co3.(aBarb aneva'rneHue,
ra-
3arbcr; The explanation sounds all right. O6licHeHue 3B)AI'lr y6eAlltenruo;
sound n rryr spacious ['sperjes] a npocropurtfi, BMecrl{reJlbHnfi; a spacious hall
studio apartment ['stju:drau a,po:tmantl oAHoKoMHarHIIt KBaprl{pa (c ualensxofi ryxueft) study ['sudtl n ra6nngr toilet l'trr|il] a L rywm, o.qeBaHl{e; morning toilet 2. ryarcr, y6opuae together [ta'ge6a] adv sMecr€; now all together
a
renepb Bce BMecre,
a
drawer ['drr:a] n rn4auxuofi trgux(rcouoda u m.n.)
1
I Types of home.' house, apartment, flat, studio, cottage, town house
Rooms and parts of a hoase: bathroom, bedroom, dining room, living room, sitting room,,study, kitchen, hall, roof, terrace, garage, lavatory, toilet
':
Furniture: bed, sofa char4 armchair" table, coffee table, dressing table, cupboard, wardrobe, deslq-dining chairs/table,.stool, mirror, lamp; st4ndard lar4p, bookshelves
li:stl n BocroK; in the east Ha BocroKe; to the east ofr aocroxy or ... energetic [,ena'Setrk] a exepru.rrrrrfi, ct,rr6uufi, axrilsHrril example [tg'zo:mpl] n np:y,uep; for example Harrpr{Mep export ['ekspt:t] n armos, 3Kcnopr; export [rk'spr:t] y 86180314T6, gKcnoprr4poBarb female ['fi:merl] n oco6s xeHcKoro noJra find lfarnd] v (found; found) uaxoar.rru; I can't find my purse anywhere. fight [fattl v (fought; fought) cpaxarrcr, BoeBarB; Aparrct east
I
Topical Vocabulary
IBMeHrrb; to change one's address
complexion [kam'plekJn] r qBer nlua; a paley'bad complexion countryside ['knntrrsard] n ceJrBcKar MeerHocrb crazy ['krerzr] a L cryacureAruuE, 6esyrrrnufi 2. noueruassufi. (ua ueu-t.); cHJrEHo yueveuuufi (veu-t., xeu-n.); She is crary about music. curly ['kr:h] a ruorqufica, nonnucrrrft; ryApmsrfi; curly hair deceive [dI'st:v] v o6ManHsarr, co3HareJtbHo BBoAt rE u ta6.nyx,qeHtne; to deceive the teacher'(one's parents); deceptive ldr'septivl a o6Mauqilsrrfi, nnogrqufi n sa6rryxgeHae
ren€pb xopoM
*orerl
1
follow ['folau] y cfleAoBarb, urrusa(xea-t., ueu-t.); Follow me! form [fr:m] lr KJracc (e uxorc); He is in the fir3t form. Who is your form teacher? generous ['$enares] d Benr{KoAyurHnfi, 6naropo4nufi; generously l'$enerash] adv abrrro.uyumo, 6naropogno ; qe.{po
get along ['get a'lpql phr v tagtns,6rnr n xopourrlx orHorueu[rx; to get along well with sb 6uru s xopour{x orHorrreHfirx c KeM-n.; to get along (well) together (xoporuo) yxr.raarrcr; We do not get alorig. Mn He JraAr,rM. get together l'gette'geda] phr v co6uparbc{, BcrpeqarBcr; Let's get together. ,{a-
rafire
Equipment and possessions:.answering machine, CO ptuyo, coffee machine, oooker, dishwasher, DVD player, fridge, microwave,'MP3 player; music system, vaouum ' cleaner, video, washing maching bath, shower, sink, washbasin
462
of averagdmedium build in the weather; change y MeHrrL,
r.r3MeseHr{o; a change
dentist ['dentrst] n zyduoir Bparr, Aarrncr; She is at the dentist's.
washbasin ['woJbersn] n'yr{HBilnbHat paKoBI,IHa wish [wIJ] n )Kenul'te; noxeJlaHue; cr?eMneHl{e; good wishes 4o6pne nox€naultt;
wish v xelatr,
a man
co6eperrac.r.
goodJooking [,gud'lukrrl]
a
xpacuenfi; unrepeorurft; o6naaarou{ui npurruofi
BuerrrHocrrp; a good-looking woman hear [hra] v (heard; heard) cnnruarr, ycnf,rrrarb; to hear a loud sound
463
z l. nucm4 BBuxnHq the height of a building 2. pocr; What is her height? He is six feet in height; high lhaIl a aucorufi; a high mountair/wall keen [ki:n] 4 xr{Bo nrTepecy}otr1ificr, crpacrno ynlerarouuficr; a keen sportsmar/dancer/theatre goer; to be keen on sth,/doing sth; She is keen on music. She is kben on reading. kid [krd] v no.nrrr}^rrBars (nad xe.ut.); jrpa3Hltrb; No kidding? Tu ne ruyrnur? 9ro ceprerHo? lawyer ['bja] n rcprrcr; a,qBoKar lip [hp] n ry6a4 the upper/the lower lip nepxurr/nuxHn ry6a male [merl] n M)DKquHa, nxlro Myxcxoro noJla
Topical Vocabulary
height [hart]
medium ['mi:dram]
a cpentuit,
npoMe)K5.roqHufi;
cpeAHero pocra (xavecraa, paruepa) Ha
co6paHrn
middle.aged [,mrdl'erdjd] a cpeAurx ner most [maustl n uau66nruree KottfiectBo; 66nruas qasrb; most of them/us 6olrrxuHcrBo ug trwxlut Hac; most of the timdof the work 66nrurar qacrb BpeMenr.r/pa6oru
mouth [mau0l z pm move [mu:v] v l. Aslrrarr(cr); nepe.qrr.rrars(ct) 2. nepee3xarb, nepecenrrrcr (ta Ho6yn Keapmury u m.n.); We moved house last week.
nervous ['nr:vasl a nepaurrfi nurse [nr:sl n HrHA, ntHrKa oval ['auvll a oralruufi, sfiqeslrHstfi; an oval facdwindow patient ['perJnt] a repneruuufi; She's very patient with young children; anl. impatient uerepnennnufi penfriend ['penfrend] n tHarourtfi, Apyr no nepenilcKe; syz. pen pal plain [pleIn] a l. upocrofi, o6nrnoeeHHnfi; plain food 2. nerrpa'rnuft, uexpacnastfi;
plain face
relaxing lrr'leksrq] d cMtrqaloutnil, paccla6lnoqnil; a relaxing drink/ walk / evening/ climate
rude [ru:d] a rpy6srit; to be nrde to sb shoulder IIaulda] ,, nrleqo similar ['srmala] a noxoxrft, no,(o6Hstfi; to be similar to sb/sth sociable ['saufabl] a o6riu'renruslil square [skwea] a xra.qparurtfi, uuetorqui rnaaparrryT o Qoptr.ty talkative ['tt:ketrv] a 6onrnnnufi, parronoprnastfi wake [werk] v (woke; woken) l. npocrrnarsct (mtc. wake up); I wake up carly. 2.6ywns (mtc. wake up); Wake me up at seven. wash up I'voj'npl phr v pct3e. MRnb rocy.uy; to do the washing-up wavy l'wervrl a srtouluficn, sorHncrrlfi (o eorccax) west lwestl n 3anar; in the west Ha 3a[a,ue; to the west of x lanaly or well-built [,wel 'brlt] a crmuui4 xopotuo cror4euxufi
464
Relalions by marriage: husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-inJaw, son-in-law, daughter-inJaw, brother-inJaw, sister-in-law, stepmother, stepfather, stepchildren, stepbrother (sister, son, daughter)
Unit
of medium height (quality, size)
meeting ['mi:tr4] z co6paHue, coBeurilHlre; to be in/at a meeting nPncyrcrBoBarb
a
Relations by binh: parents, father, mother, sister, brother, son, daughter, grandfather, grandmother, grandchildren, grandparents, great-grandfather, great-grandmother, great-grandchildren, uncle, aun! cousin, nephew, niece
11
abroad [a'bo:d] advtarpawnsefi; to travel (to live) abroad according to [a'kr:drq tal phr prep B coorBercrBuu c, conJracHo, no; according to plan (rule); according to his promise 2. corracHo (uaetry-t.) 3arrBnerrr,ro; Ha ocHoeanun (xaxoeo-1.) nucratstranu.e; According to
Mick, it's
a great movie.
appointment [a'prlntment] rr Bcrpeq4 cBr.r,(aHr{e; to make (o have) an appointment for 6 o'clock .[oroBopurbcr (ycnonr,lrrcr) Bcrperurbcr a 6 vacor; to keep (to break) an appointment npui'nu (He npufiru) Ha cBfiIaHr{e (e uazuauenuoe Gpeila, uecmo) baseball [' b et s bt : l] n 6eilc6o n; 6efi c6orsHufi
Nr.q.r
birthday ['br:Oder] r,[eHb poxAeHxt bungalow ['bnqgalau]
r 6ynraro,
oaHo3r.DKHzu 4ava c aepaugofi
[{ekl
v npoBeprrb, KoHrponilpoBarb church [tJs:ttl r uepKoBb; to go to church
check
cloud [klaud] n o6raro come back Bo3Bparqarrcs course [k>:s] n rcypc (tex4uil, o6yvenun, r,eqeHut u m.n.); a French/chemistry course diary ['dararr] n .IHeBHHK; to keep a diary oecrra.4HeBHHK director [d(a)t'rekte] n AxpeKrop disappointed l,drsa'prrntrd] a parorapouauxurfi , pa:]oqapoBaBuafi cr; disappointed (atlby sth); disappointed (in/with sb/sth) discuss ldrs'kns] v o6cy;r
465
get y craHoBrrBcr; to get angry paccep.qrrbct; to get tired ycraBarl; The food is getting cold. Eqa qtnrer. ill lrll a 6onuroft, nesgoporuE; to be ill; illness ['rlnasl n Soresnr improve [rm'pru:vl v ynyqluarb, coBeplueHcrBooarb interested ['rntrastld] 3auprepecoBanurtfi, nrnepecytoquficr; to be interested in sth involve lrh'volv] v l. nr.npqars; coAepxarb 2. no.upalyuea€irE, nPeA[onarar6; The job involves, my travelling all over the oountry.', local ['laukll a uecrnufi; a local newspaper; local radio low fiaul a urnruit, Heoucortfi; a low wall I c'eiling I table; a low price/salary moke up ['merk 'np] phr v rpuunpoBarl; Kpacl'lr$; nyrpl{rb; make'uP n rpuM; (oc-
insure [rn'jua] v srpocogarb, 3zrcrp.xoBau; to insure one's life (oneself); to insure one's house (property); lnsurance [rntJuaronsl rl crpzxoBau{ne; insurance against ail risks; insurance against fire intend [rn'tend] v nanrepeuarrcr; xorerr; nperflonararr (,rro-r. cAeaaru); lrVhat do you intend to do? ioin [d5rrn] y nprcoeArnrrbcr; BxoAlrrr B KoMnaHr{ro; Do you mind if I join you? learn fls:nf v (leamed, leamt; learned, learnt) nsyvarr, yqrr6 (qm:o-tr.); ytwrsu (uettry-tr.); to leam English; to leam to swirn (to dance)
'
.
look out
['luk'autl phrv6nrs
pessenger l'pasrndJel n
Hacropoxce; Look out!
naccarrnp
Ocropoxro! Eepennorl
.
:Ueqnl(a
picnic ['prknrk] z nurHr.m; It's a.nice day. Let's go for (on) a picnic; to have a picnic plan [plen] n nrraH; plan v nnaunpoBarr; to plan a trip (an oxpedition); They plan to
,ii,
'tl
:
-- '
'j
,..
) \r'ri( .rl.: i
i.'li;r,"
,ontyl[3s,6111 cre,quxgrdenxlHili She's their,only,.daughter: She;is,theonly pe$on'fu tl ': thejob.
arriVe some time after three.
pregnent ['pregnant] a 6epeuenna.r present I'preznt] ,, roAapoK prize [prarz] n Harpar4 npeMur, npr.r3 be raining cots and llogs paze.; It is raining cats and dogs. ,(oxnr r6er Kar rc'BeApa.
saint [serntl
n
pea. cstrofr; npaBeAH]rK
speech [spi:tJ] n peqb; to make a speech
'
i[arrusecrn; to put in(to) practice ocyuecrBJurb' npoao.ulrtb B xl'l3ub; practise ['praktrs] v rPeHnpoBaTbct, ynpa)Krurbct, npaKruKoBar6ct; to practise Ha Ae;re,
Unit 12
tennis saHl{uaTbcr reHH[coM; to practise the violin (iaU the piano) ynpax
about [a'baut] adv oxono, npu6lnomelrHo; about thirty miles accountant la'kauntent] n 6yxranrep agency ['eI dja n srl n areHrcrBo, [peAcraBr.rrenbcrBo be on r.rlru (o cneimaxne, fiuaaue);,ueMogcrpr{poBarrcr; oui club.
There is a good film on at
n Aeno, nocrorHHoe saru Tile, c[equanuHpcrr; business. He often goes away on business. cefebrity [sr'lebntll r 3HzueHrrrocrB (o uetoeere) business l'brznasl
:l'#:ll11i:1:"iiTil""enrapun;
her piano ex-am. He u
to make comments on a text; MeHTr.rpoBarB; to comment on a text commute [ka'mju:t] y e3AmB exe.queBHo u3 npr{ropo.qa B ropoA composition [,krimpa'zrJnl n rrrKoJlhuoe, yle6noe coqHHeHue diet l'dalatl n rne\a; to be on a diet; to go on a (milk) diet
He is away on
comment v rou-
sb)/to fax sb sth feed [fi:dl y (fed; fed) xopMrrrE, AaBarE rnrry KoMy-rr. fit [frtl c sroporufi, 6oapufi; He is not yet fit to go back to work; to feel
{ I Y
.qoMa
$opr',ry
{
1
expert ['ekspr:tl n cfleur,ranucr; oKcnepr fax [faks] n (coxp. or facsimile) Qarc; cbmr no r[arcy; Do you have a fax? Qan you send it to me by fax? What is your fax number? Did you get my fax? You can send faxes by e-mail from your computer; fax v nepeAa.uarb no QaKcy; to fax sth (to
fit noA1epxusarr
{
1
eat in phr v flirtarhc*, gtoJroBarrcr .qoua; eat olt phr v nfiraltr,cr., cronoBarbct BHe
3AopoBbrM,6o4puru; to keep
{
fit.6rnr
{ J
I J
I
l
r sth; ready to rotosEtfi do sth; The children are ready for school. We are ready to start; to get ready a) roroBHTE, roAroraBJll{Barr; Get the children ready for a walk. 6) co6npatrcr; Get ready quickly. Co6rlpafirecr cxopee. rise [rarzf v (rose; risen) l. nocxo4rrs; What time does the sun rise? 2. nctauatr (Ha Horn); noAnzrtlatrcr; They rose from the tatle' She rose to her feet. salary ['salart]'n xaaoaaHre, oKnar; sapa6orHar nilara cnyxarqero satisfied ['setrSfard] 4 y.IoBnerBopeuur,lfi, .4ononrnsli; I'm quite satisfied with the
ready LredIl a
result. rDopr"ra, yrur[oprlra; school uniform urgent ['r:d5ant] 4 Heornoxl+,Ifi, cpovurtfi; an urgent question varied ['veerrd] a pauuuuuft, parnufi; paruoo6parrufi woy [werl n L nyrr;.qopora; MaPupyr; Can you tell me the way to Leicestei Square? 2. o6pazgeficram; uerog, cnoco6; There are different ways of doing a thing. This is the way to do it. wealth lwelel n 6orarcrso; wealthy hveler] a 6oraTuil, cocrotTenEHbtfi; a wealthy
uniform ['ju:nrfi:m] n r[opnreHna.n oAexA4
man'i
npn6aurtr
win iwrn]
wtr,
ce' xYAerB
B Bece,
a g,!me, a
nq6eAyj to win a baitle (a bet) nrrnrparb cpaxeHl{e (aofiny' rarpS napu)
wlse [waIzl a uygpuft
worm [ws:ml
466
t] r, Bec; to put on weight
s3seuu no v (won; won)
weigh [werl v 1.
n soon. vrePBr;
MI{cr; ryceul{lt€]
467
wedding l'wedrql n ceaAs64 6parocoveranue rlro wrong [rp0] a l. neyAoalvrooprrelrurtfi; What's wrong with you? rlro c saMfi? Hr'Iqero HaqelocE, HenpxrrHoro y Bac cnyqrnocr? I hope there is nothing wrong. He npor8olxno. There is something wrong with me. Mue qro-To He no ce6e. 2. neucnpaaurtfi; There is something wrong with the printer.
Topical Vocabulary Jobs: a bank clerk, an architect, a computeiprogrammer, an artist, a dentist, an electrician, a doctor, an engipeer, a housewife, a househusband, an accountant, ajoumalist, ajudge, a lawyer, a nurse, a police officer, a secretary, a shop assistant, a student, a teacher, a traffic warden, a manager, a taxi driver, retired, unernployed
Unit 14
Unit 13
accident ['eksrdant] n secqactsblf, cnyvafi; KarampoQa; aBapns' cereal ['srarral] n l.ngenrar il3 jlpo6neuoro 3epHa; oBctHKa, oBcflHuIfl KaIUa coach [keutJ] n (rypucrcruft) rraex.uyHapoairrfi asro6yc congratulate [kan'gratJulert] v nosApagng,b; to congratulate sb on sth; I congratulated thern all on their results.' continue lkan'tInju:] v npoAoJlxarb; to continue worVthe trip; He continued living/to live/ with his parents. decide ldr'sard] v peuarr, npt4HuMarb pelreHl{e; I can't decide what to wear- We decided not to go away after all; decision [dr'sr5n] n peueHl4e; to take (to rnake) a
absent ['ebsant] 4 orcyrcrBytouuft; to be absent from school nponycrrrrB 3aHrrl,rr B uKoJre; to be absent from work He 6lrrb Ha pa6ore, nporynrrb be in 6rrrs 4oMa, ua pa6ore, u nolaeqeHuul Is Mr Grecn in? be out ne 6rnr.qorr.ra, na pa6ore; orcyrcrBoBarb; The director was out when I called. break [brerk] v (broke; broken) l. louarr: to break one's leg (one's.ann, one's neck) 2. paz6utars(ca); to b-reak a window (dishes); Glass breaks easily.
crowd lkraud] n ronna; crowded ['kraudrd] zl nepenoJrteHnurft, 6r.rirou ira6rarufi; crowded streets; a crowded bar; In the.spring the place is crowded with skiers. l,ondon was very crowded.
decision np14Htrb pelxeHt,te dress v oAesatr(cr), Haprxa'ru(ca); to dress a child; herself and the children in their best clothes. envelope ['envaleuP] ,'r KoHBePr first [fr:stl adv ytepsste; When did you first see him?
depress ldt'pres] y noAaBJrrrb, yrHerarr; npr4BoAr.trb B yHrrurre; You depress me. Wet. weather always depresses me; depressed [dr'prest] rl rroAaBJreHHrrfi, yrHeTeHHbrfi, yururrfi; to look depressed BrrrlnAerl noAaBreHHbrM; to feel depressed
6rrrr
i
no4auneHHoM
HacT
poeHr.tr
fog [fpg] fl rycrofi ry,.ran; foggy I'fogrl a 'ryvraHurrfi; afoggy moming hole [haul] n A:srpa:, orBepcrr.re invent [rn'vent] v l. r.rso6perarr, coa1anarr; to invent a new machine 2. urrgyurrnarb, nprAyMbrBarb, corrr4urrb; to invent an excuse (an explanation); to invent a story; inventor n rso6perarelt last ilo:stl adv a noureguufi, pay When did you see him last? When did you last get a letter frorn hirn? I saw him last/ I last saw him in New York two years ago. president ['prezrdint] n npesfi.qeHr record ['rekl:dl n l.3anrzcl; perncrpaq[r 2. seyrosanucr; i[ouorpalrrraa; record [ru'kr:d] y l. sanficrrsarb, nporoxonxpoBarb; to record a speech eanucuuarb unu c'renorpailr.rpoBarb peqb 2. ganucrtsarr Ha [neHKy, rrJracr]rHKy r.r r.rr. sehside f 'si:sardl n rr,ropcroe ro6epexbe; a trip tq the seaside; a day at/by the seaside sick [srk] a l. vy,nmuyroqufi rouruory; He is sick. Ero roruunr/ pter. 2.6onruofi; a sick child/ bird; Her mother is very sick. She feels sick. He looks sick. steal lsti:l]rv (stole; stolen) BopoBarb, KpacrB sure [fue] a yrepeHnnfi; to be (to feel) sure ofsuccess (ofoneself) 6rrrr yaepeunrru. B ycnexe (n ce6e); I am sure that he is honest. .f, yBepeH/ y6exaen B ero qecrHosm. Are you (do you feel) sure (about it)? Bu yBepeHbr (n erora)? I am sure of that. .f s eiov y6exAeu: sure adv KoHeqHo, 6erycnonuo; Are you glad? Surel Tu
a
tin ofpeaches; tin v
quickly. She dressed
the bed; hide.and-seek [,haldan(d)'si:k] n (nrpa a) nprmla; to play hide-and-seek
urparb
rL
''l +
j
I
I
thief [0i:fl n nop; theft [0eft] n rpaxa
Kyrropr4BaTb B xecTrHKr.u KoHcepBnpoBaT6
dressed
goodness [igudnls] n Ao6pora; Ao6poAerenb; My goodness! Eoxe uoft! Thank goodness! Cnana 6ory! happen ['hapan] v cnyqarBct, npotlcxoAuTb; What happened to your friend? hide [hard] v (hid; hidden) npffarr(cr); He hid the letter in a drawer. She hid under
AosoneH? Koneqno!
tin [tIn] r xecrrHKa; roucepuirar 6anxa; a tin ofsardines;
I
aa-
i
B
nptrKll
leave school a) 6pocmr uKorry; 6) orouurr urrcorgr matter ['matal v (uar4e 6 ompu\. u Gonp. npedtottenunx) urvrerr 3HaqeHne; 'What did you say?' 'Oh, it doesn't matter.' It doesn't matter to tne what to do' matter of fact pealsna.r AeficrsnTensHocr6; Oatcr; Qatcrurecroe o6cTorrenbcTBo; as a matter of fact a) t[arruvecrn, Ha caMoM aele; 6) no c]'ril AeJIa' B cyIIIHocrI'I' no npaBAe (crararr), co6crseHHo (rouopr) pass v npoBoArfil (sPe^4t, deuu u m.n; mcrc' away); to pass the time npoBoAl,Tb BPeMr; What can we do to Pass the time? post [paust] ,, roqra, KoppecnoHAeHul'tt; to send sth by pgst; post v ornpaBrur6 no noqre; onycKarb B notrroBblfi tut'IK; to post a letter/a parcel/a telegram put on ['put 'onl phr v HaAeBarb; to put on one's hat (one's shoes, one's coat)
sail lserl] v nrraBarB, coBeprrrarb nJraBaHlte; to sail round the world; to go sailing spoil [sprrl] v (spoilt, spoiled; spoilt, spoiled) noprr'Irb star [sto:] n 3BB.{a store [sti:] n npeuM. aMep. Mata3vr
I i
468
{
469
tiring ['tararrq]
a
yrouurenrHufi, usnyp4relrsnfi
traflic ['trefrkl n Asuxenub,
coo6uleuqe, rpaucuopr; heavy
traffic
value ['valju:l n qensocrr, cTor,rMosrb; to be good/excellent value.
.qBruKeHte
true [tru:] a repurrfi, npaamruuil;
a tnie story npaBlLnRas,ucroput; Is the news true? the truth reBopr{rr npaBry well [wel] a o6wnt. predic l, sgoponuft, Blr3AopoBeBrur{fi; Is she well or ill? I'm not very well today; to feel well; to look wglJ;,to get well 2. predic xoporuufi, B yAoB-
truth [tru:01 n npaBAa; to tell
nerBoprrerrHoM cocro*ua,r; All is well.
*"f;.ir,rtln,
a
Unitjt,,-. ..,.-, ',
Unit 16 annoy [a'nrr] yAoc{DK.Uar6, AoK}^Iarb; pa3.UpoI(aTB; to annoy sb; annoyed [e'nrrd] a niAosoJrbHsrfi, pa3.qpaxeHublfi; He got very annoyed with his son' awful ['r:fl] 4 yxacHblil; The weather last summer was awful' bear ['bea] v (bore; bom) poxaatr; npol'BBoAurl Ha cBer; I was bomin 1962' becoms [br'knm] .v (became; become) AeJlarbct, c1aHoBl.Irbct; npespaulatrcr; It'is becoming more and more difficult to live oh 1ny salary. She became queeri in
,1,
r
1952.
court [kr:t] n cy.u
disaster [dr'zo:stal n 6e4cruue, Hecqacrbe
expect [rks'pekt] v l. oxtlrarb, xAatr; I expected you yesterday, I expected atelephone call. 2. pacc.rutrroarB, Ha,qef,rbcr; I expect to be back on Sunday. 3. pasz. npeArronararb, rroJrararb, ,qryaTb; I.expect he'll come.
n l. (xusuennufi) onur; 2. cnytafi, npuKrroqeHue; an enjoyable/exciting/unusual/unforgettable experience; I had a bad experience with fireworks once; experienced [rkisprananst] 4 olnTnu[, sualoqufi; raannQuur-
experience [rk'splarrans]
poranHufi; an experienced teacher
fluent ['flu:ant] o nnannufi, raa.qiufi, 6ennufi; fluent speech; to speak fluent French = to speak French fluently BeceJrbe, sa6ana; pa:lBneqeHne;
.qrrb BpeMr; Have fuir!
(:
to have fun secerfiTrcr;
BeceJro npono-
Enjoy yourselfl); funny ['fnnr] a cueuruofi, sa6aauufi; a
firnny story
important [rm'pr:tnt] a naxuufi, gsaq[rengHufi; an important decision/factor intelligent lrn'tehd3ant] a yuuttft, paryrr,ruufi; an intelligent child ocean ['auJn] n oKeau
old-fashioned [,auld'feJnd] a crapoMo.uHbrfi, nrnle.quufi rs noAu ridiculous Irr'drkjalas] rl cMexorBoprnfi, cMeurnofi, uerenufi satisfactory l,satrs'fektart] 4 y.qoBnflBopl.rrelruufi; satisfactorily advyrosnerzopr{renbHo
sensible ['senstbll a 6naroparyruur,lfi, rgpanouuinsqrfi stupid ['stju:prd] a nrrynufi, rynofi; a stupid man underground l'nndagraund] n l. noAnoqsa, HnxHr{e cnou rpyHra 2. ucrpouoluren; ro.q3eMKa; the London Underground; I always travel by underground.
470
..'".
' character l'kerrktal n tum. repoit,'nepcoHarKl Aefiirsyoluee nHiLIb chitdhood ['tJat]dhudl n AercrBo chroniele l'krpnlkll n xponuxa (acmopuuecxan)
crisps [krrsps] n xpycrrrqr,rfi xapror[enr (e naxemax) cruise [kru:z] n MopcKoe uyreuecrBue delay [dI'let] n 34AepxKa, npuocraHoBKa; after halfan hour's delity; delay u aagepxHBaTb; orcporluBarE, otrcn44uaarr; to delay a flight orrnaaunarr pefic
fun [fanl n
worth the
craBufr;She is still weak after her illness'
All is not well with him. Things are well
with us.
:
(:
*on"y ii costs); to be bad/poor value (: not worth the money it costs); valuable infort'velilabll a qeunnfi; .uoporofi, Aoporocrotlqufi; a valuable ring; valuable
uHreniuaHoo
(
I
deaf [defl 4 r-np(ofi; HryxonarHfi; He is a little deaf; the deaf 6. zpan4. 3Hau. cw. co6up. rnyxue debt [det] n AoJIr, AoJIFoBoe o6qgaterucrgo; to be in debt uuers Aolru desciibe ldrs'kralbl y onUcblBar6; Can you describe him to me? description (of sb' s appearance) [d r s' k rr pJn ] n onucaHue; the description of a storm enter [,enta] y L sxoAr.rrs; Knock before you enter. Someone entered the room behind me. 2. nocrynaTb, BcrynaT6; craHoBltTbcs qJIeHoM; to enter a school/ college/ university 3. npr.ruiluarr yqacrr4e, yqacrBoBarb; 1000 children enteted (for) the competition. Only four British players entered (for) the championship' graduaie ['gra6uelt] y oKoHqr,rrb Bbrcuree yre6uoe 3aBeAesxe; He graduated from Oxford; graduation l,gradJu'erfnl n oKoHqaHue BbICrIero yve6norO 3aBe.UeHilt; ' It was my firstjob after graduation. grant [gro:nt] n Aup; no*-o"aur.re; cy6cugut; a grant of f,5000 dollars for sqrdy; gront v AapoBarb' xaroBarE' rapurb; .qaratr cy6cuAltrc; The bank finally granted a f, 1000 loan to me' law ilr:] ,? 3aKoH
novel ['npvl] n poMaH; novelist ['novahst] /2 poMaHucr, aBrop poMaHoB oil [rrl] n l. traclo Qncmumetauoe unu MuHep%auoe) 2. ue$rr 3. Quagoqsrtfi ua'tePnan parliament ['po: lament] n napnaMeHT patent ['patnt] I nareHr; ArnnoM prison ['prrzn] r noprrraa; to be in prison
ioyal ['oral] a ropolencxuil, uapcrufi
,,r"".s, lsak,ses] ,1 ycrex,
yAa.ra; The party was a big success; successful lsak'sesfl]
a ycneumrtft suddenly ['sirdanh] adv rueranuo, Heoxn'[aHHo
471
lvonder ['wnnda] v HHTepecoBarbct, xeJlarb 3HarB; 3allaBarr (ce6e) nonpoc; I wonder who he is (what he wants, why he is late, whether he will come)' l4HrefecHo, rro on rarofi ( vro oH xoqer, norleMy oH ollo3,[at, nptr.ller m on). would like stVto do sth nnpaxaer xenaHue; Would you like a cup of coffee? He xeJraere nu qaureeKy ro$e? I'd like to go home. .II xoten 6tt roexarL (uofun)
Unit 17 able ['erbl] a cnoco6unfi, o6na,qalorqufi cnoco6uocrrrc; to be able to ... Moq6..., 6rns e cocrorHra (n cr,rnax)...; The baby is able to-walk. As I had money I Was able to help her. Will you be able to come? alright = all right brush [brnfl r? qerKa; a paintbrush / a hairbrush / a toothbnrsh; brush v qr{crr.rrr qvrxofi; to brush clothes (teeth) call back rro3BoHnrb no renet[ony (n orrer ua:nonor<) eash [kefl ,4 H{lJu,rgH6re AeHbfl{; in cash HitnuqHrlMr.t; payments can be made by cheque or in cash; to pay cash pacnJrarl4Tlcr Ha Mecre (ua.nuvnurrau); cash v npe-
AOMOfi.
Unit 18 arrest [a'restl v apecroBBlBar;, 3aAepxuBarb bark [bo:k] v il^tt'tr; The dog suddenly started barking at us.
Bparqarr n uaravHne; to cash a cheque norryuurb AeH6rl,r no qery cheque (BrE) (AmE check) [tJek] n vex; bank cheque 6auxoncrufi ver decorate ['dekarert] v yxpaurarb; to decorate a room with flowers; decoration [,deke'rerJn] n ynpaluenae, y6paHcrno fill in ['frl 'rnl phr v zanonutrt (anxemy u m.n.); to fill in a form ganolnru 6lanr knock [nok] v 1. cryvars; to knock at (on) the door (window) 2. yaapnt;6nrr; to knock the ball hard; to knock sb offhis feet marvellous ['mo:velas] n u3yMrrcerbHufi, vygecgrrfi; What marvellous weather! maybe ['merbtl adv uoxer 6ut; notlroxno
book [buk] v 3aKa:t;rBar6 3apauree; 6pounpona:rr (rcouuanry 6 zocmuHuqe: 6wtem u m.n.);6pars 6unet (ucercsnodopotrcnwil u m.n.); to book seats for a performance 6paru 6ralerrt Ha cIIeKTaKJIs bootkeeper ['bukki:pe] n 6yxranrep; cqerQBoA borrow ['btreu] v 3anuMar6, 6pais Ha uperut, oAaJIxI{Barb; to borrow sth from sb burn [br:n] v (burnt, burned; bumt, burned) l. xeur, cxfl,rrarl 2. roperr; nBlrlarb choir ['kware] n xop reBqLDq uepKoBHBIfi xop choose [tJu:z] v (chose; chosen) urt6uparr; to choose an apple (a friend, a wife) circus ['sr:kes] z urapr connect [ka'nekt] v coeaxHffTL, crasrtaa'rs; The bridge connects the two parts ofthe
melt [melt] vratrr, mess [mes] r 6ecnopr4or, rpr3b; The room was in a rness. The kids made a mess in the bathroom. What a mess! My hair's a real mess. moon [mu:n] z nyrra never mind HeBDKHo
town; connection [ka'nekJnl n cBt3E, coeAl,IHenr,re; in this connection s oToft csqsu
custodisn lk^'staudlan] n cMorpnrens (:aaxnr)
dry ldrat] a cyxoir; dry
order['r:dal nl.npuraz2.tarcaz;Mayltakeyourorder?orderyl.npnra:rraarr, pacfloprxarEcr: The officer ordered thern to fire. 2. saxasHBarb; to order dinner; Shall I order you a taxi? Shall I order apizzafor you?
own v vrMer6, BJra,qerb, o6naAar6; Do you bwn your house or do you rent it? I don't
own anything
of
any value; owner ['euna]
n
co6cruexHur; Bra,qeneu;
a
boatldo/factory owner; He's now the proud owner of a cottage in Wales. perhaps [pa'heps] advuoxer 6trrr; rosuoNruo, noxanyfi pollute [pa'lu:t] y 3arpr3Hqrb; to pollute water/air; polluted a rptsgstil,3arpr3HeHurrfi, :arasonanuuft (o eozdyxe); pollution ,? 3arpr3HeHne oxpyxaroulefi cpe4u promise ['promrs] y o6euarr,; to promise rnoney (help); I promise to come/that I will
news. asleep 3acslrlarr gate [gert] n Bopora; KaflurKa; BxoA, Br,xoA \.' hard a pesrufi; rpy6ufi; Don't be too hard on him - he's very young. laundry ['lr:ndrI] l. npavevuar 2. (the laundry) pasz.6ense
fall
1l
t
r
come.
put away ['puta'wer] phr v y6upars, nprrar6; Put away your clothes. remember [rr'memba] y noMHr,rr6; xpaHr.rb B naMrrr,r; Do you remember her? as far as I remember HacKoJIbKo rroMHI,ITct suppose [sa'pauz] y rroJrararb, ,qyvarr', cqurar6; npelnonararb, 4onycrarr; I suppose you'll be there. 'Wil[ he come?' 'Yes, I suppose so.' Let's suppose (that) you are right. thirsty ['0r:str] c r4crrrlrBrBarounfi xaxAy; I am thirsty. wind [wrnd] n Bercpi windy a nerpenufi; a windy day
472
v cyruuru, Bbrcyrxl4Barb
empire ['empale] n lrurrepvfr essay ['eser] r ovepr, scce; an essay on Russian literature excited [rk'sartrd] a nor6yx4enurtfi, uluonnoaauHblfi; to be excited about/atlby sth; The children were excited about opening their presents, She was excited bylat the
\
mop [mpp] v Mblrh, npornparb (uea6port) oven ['nvn] n revb; AyxoBKa; Take the cake out ofthe oven. pain [pern] n 6oli:o; She was clearly in a lot ofpain' He felt a sharp pain in his kneepick up ['prk 'np] phr v 1. DoAHrMarb, no.46rparr; She picked up her gloves and bag.2. zaezxarE, 3zxoAl4rr' (sa xeu-1t., veu-t.); I'll pick you up at 5 o'clock. proud [praud] rl rop.[blft; to be proud ofsb/sth; They are proud oftheir children. psychiatrist [sar'karetrrst] n ilcwxvlarp recently ['ri:snthl adv Helasuo; HaAHtx; B nocnegHee npeur; We received a letter from him recently (: not long ago). I haven't seen him recently (: lately). refuse [rr'fju:z] v mrara'rrcr; He refused to discuss the matter. score [skr:] v 3a6[Tb M{r{ B Bopora;to score a goal sa6rrr roJI; Fraser scored again in the second half.
473
Just a minute.
spill [sprl] v (spilled, spilt; spill{, spilt) nporruarr, pa3nr{Darr tour [tue] n rD/TetrrecrB!{e; fioeetrKa; a tour oflround/around sth; a coach tour ofl wharf lwr:fl n npurrzlJr, npucraur
Unit 19
a
naluvurtfi, rureiourfics B pacnoptxeHr,lr.;
cso6oAHHfi;
Ee cefiqac aAec6 Her. f-n'Po6eprc cefiqac aaurr. f-n ,(2royrc pa3roBapnBaer rro Apy-
.'l
nueroutui ripeut (dnn ueeo-a,); The doctor is not available now. .(omop cefiuac gancr. Are you available tomorrow morning? Brt cno6oguu (BBI Moxcre yAerltrr une aperu.r) rarrpa yrpou? babysit ['berbrsrtl v curerb, ocraBarrcr c (vyxuvr) Aer6MI{ (ea ruany); pa6otarr npnxoraruefi nruefi; She regularly babysits for us; babysitter ['berbrsrta] n npr.r-
CanlCould Can/Could CanlCould
xoArrrlzu HtIUr Come round and see us some day.
He dialled the number and
3BoHLI'IE;
thered) you
times but
2. nporecru,
ycrpon'rb, opnaHu3oBarb (ueponpu*rue); to hold a meeting (a conference) hold on l'heuld 'onl phr v oxuAarb y renei[ona; He xrltcrb rpy6ry; Excuse me, sir, hold on - Mr Smith will speak to yotr; syn. hang on nuisance ['nju:sns] n Aoca4a, Henpl{trHocrr; What a nuisance! Kaxas Aoca,qa! put through ['put 'Oru:l phr v coegwxnrs (no mete$ony); Put me through to the hotel. rubber l'rnbal z pe3uHKa, JIacruK switch on l'swrtf 'pn] phr v sxnouarl roK; to switch on the light (lamp, washing machine); switch off ['swr{'ofl phr v BhlKrrcqarb roK
(
l I )
Bn sb uoum 6u neirel#r erd iloe
coo6uldHtt€?
' i
:
''';i]-
'
'-:-
.
:.l
(Euy) uro-H46ylu nepe4arr? .f, nogsoHro
eue pa3 rro3xe.
...
.
Bu ouru6rrcs HoMepoM. Ilpocrme ra 6bcnoxofi crso,
't
l'
tlo*anvfcra.. flxo.rysarcaram paronop c Ha l0 qacor Beqepa.
Mocreoi
Coernnrro. 1
J -
-f, sac coeAilHro.
floAolxArre Mr,rnyrrry. He seuaitre rpy6Ky. HoMep 3aurr.
e ymeepdumeJrbvux npednoerceuunx ncrxttft, np6ofi; Ask any person you meet. Cnpocme rrc6oro, Kro BaM Bcrperwrcx. Any help will be valuable. Bcrxar no-
fonopm
uour
Aaarrr
3ro onqrs r. Cnyuato.
I
I'll
Acefiqac nocMorplo, y ce6r au on.
474
l I )
,
He orBgrraer.
rny
Speaking. Who's speaking (calling)? Can/Could/May I speak to Tom? I'd like to speak to Tom, please. Is Tom there/in?
ifhe is in.
'.: .
aerobics [ee'laublks] n aspo6rxa
It's me again.
see
Hold the line. The line is engaged (busy).
cvor Ao HeFo Ao3Bogrrbcr.
Unit 20
Phrases This is/It's Adam (here). This iVlt's Adam speaking (calling). Adam speaking.
.
That's OK. That's quite all right. I want to book a call to Moscow for l0 pm. I'm putting you through. I'll put you through. I'll connect you. Hang on / Hold on / a moment.
ue
Ero uouep
call/ring back later. You have the wrong number. I'm sorry to have troubled (bo-
find out ['faInd 'autl phr v pazysuarb, BbItcHI{rb; to find out sb's name and occupation; Find out when he will come. get through ['get 'Oru:] phr v cstta"rscr no reret[ony; I tried calling you several a pen (a brush, a spade)
fl
J
J
I'll
waited. Dial 0033 for France,
I couldn't get through (to you). hold [hauld] v (held;.held) I. Aepxau; to hold
rouy reaer[ony. Ou uret r renei[ony.
1
come round ['kam'raund] phr v saxogwrr, 3ae3xar6; She came round last night.
dial ['daIal] v ua6upatr (uouep no meteQoxy);
Mruryro.rry. X nosony eroEolocr, .rro eno ner./OH BHrueJr. On yexal.
get him.
He is away/has gone away. She's not here right now. Mr Roberts is not available. Mr Jones is on another line.
around France; a walking/sightseejng tour
available [e'verlabl]
I'll
I'm afraid he's ouUhas gofie out.
anything to help you. On crpaaet sc€; vro6rt rloMoqb BaI\{.
rrlory noroaoprm c Torr.ror',r? 6ri xoren nonoBopl,trb c Tonaou.
Tor,a Aorr.ra?/
y ce6r?
a meeting l'a concert; to attend school be over oKet$IIrrECri 3aBepullrrrct; The storm is ovet now; we can go. celebrate ['sehbrert] v,rpruAnoDarl; How do people celebrate New,Year in your country? celebration [,seh'brerJn] /r npatAHoBaHue; tlre celebration of a birthday
sttend [?'tend] v noceuarr, npncyrcrBoBarr; to attand a lecture /
Kro ronopu"r (snoHrr)? -f,
6yAer Uexsofi,
onything e ymeepdumetranwx npedtoxeHuff Rce; (ac€) qro ynoAHo; He will do
{\
475
cheer [tJra] y aflnoAr,rpoBarr; npr,rBercrBonarr ogci6pureJrbHBtMrl Bo3rflacaMt{ u anroALrcMeHTaMr4; The crowd cheered the President as he droye slowly by gheer up o6o4prrr, no.u.qepxr{Barb; yreurarb; Cheer up! Eoapr.rrecr! Myxafirecr! comprehensive school [,kompn'hensry ,sku:l] aAUHar. cpeAHr{ rurola (c Beauxo6pumanuu) contoct lkan'taktl y 6snu B KoHTaKre; BofiTr.t B xourarr; ycraHaBnnBars cBr3b (no
contact lou all dayl contact l'kpntekt] n KoHraKr; to come in (into) contact with ymaxoaurb KoHraKr c; In her job she often comes into contact with (= meets) lawyers. doubt ldaut] v coMHeBarbcr; to doubt sb's honesty; I doubt if this is true; doubt n coMueHue; no doubt 6eg coMHeHHs; No doubt he will come; without doubt sHe r (6er) coMHeHfir; He's madesome good movies. There's no doubt about it. emotion [r'meujn] rlqyBcrBo,3Morll.rfl; emotional [r'mauJanl] 4 evoquoHanrunft
merc(touy, meteepaQy);
ferry ['ferr]
I've been trying to
/r napoM; napoMHoe cyAHo
grow [grau] v (grew; gro]vn) l. pacru, yBeJlr{qnBarrcr; The family has grown in size recently. 2. pacru, nporcpacrars; Tomatoes grow best in direct sunshine. 3. rar atazoJr-cat3Ka AeJraTbcr, cTaHoBHTBct; to grow angry PacceparrTBcr; to grow old
craperB; to grow dark'reuugrs grow up ['grau 'npl phr v owpzcratb, craHoBr.rrBcfl B3pocnblM; He has grown up.
injure ['rnfia] v ytun6urr,
nOBpeAHr6, paHNrs; He injured his knee playing hockey.
lct sb know Aarb 3Harb, coo6ulrrr KoMy-n. qro-n. miss v cxyrars; I rnissed him. permanent ['pr:manant] a nocrosHrrsrfi, nepMaHeuTHbrfi; a pennanent job; permariently ['pr:menanth] 4dv nocrorHHo secondary school ['sekandrr,sku:ll cpe.lnm rxKona
z l.
ceicus 2. Bcrpesa Ant raxofi-n. training session rpeHr{poBra sign [sarn] v no.utttlcrrBarr; to sign a letter; Sign your narne here, please; signature
session ['seJn]
race,uaru.re, co6panue, coBeuanr{e;
uenr.r; a dancing session Beqep c raHuzrMn; a
['srgnatJa] n (co6craeuuopyvHar) nornrrcb : some day rcon4a-uu6yat (n 6yayureu), B oAr{H nperpacnurfi .uenr; Someday you'll be sorry about it. town hall [,taun'hr:l] paryura train [trern] v l. socn[Tnsarb, )Ar.rrb; o6yrarr, roroBurB (rc rcuy-tr.); This school trained many good officers. 2. tpeHr.rponarr(cr); to train sb for a championship; trainer ['trerna] z l. rpeuep, r{HcrpyKrop 2. Apeco,rposunr
someday
Unit 21 attack [a'tak] v HanarqarB; arar(oBHBarB; The man attacked him with a knife.. beat [bi:t] u (beat; beaten) 6rrr, y4aprru; Konorr{r6; to b€at at (on) the door chop [Upp] v py6r.rrr (monopou, xonyuou); to chop wood ronorr gpona crash [krajl v c [yMoM azr c rpoxororu par6rrr; cnoMarb; pas6urrcr npu fia,(efifiLr; norepnerb aBapr,rro; The vase crashed as it struck the floor. The plane crashed into the sea.
drerm [dri:ml v (dreamed, dreamt; dreamed, dreamt) l. Bltrers coH; dream (of /about sb/sth); I &eamt about you last week. 2. ue.rtatr, rp€I,rrr; dream (oflabout sth), dream (oflabout doing sth); She dreams oftravelling around ltaly; dream n l. cou, cnoBxreHue 2. ue.ira
476
drop [drpp] v
l.
na,[arr, BbrnaAarB; The book dropped out ofhis hand. 2. poHtrb,
BbrnycKarb; to drop a handkerchiefi a book / a purse linger ['fr4ga] n naneu
flat lflat] a nlocrcufi, poeHufi; a flat roof
nJlocKat KpHua; a flat tyre cnyrleHHac
IIIUHA
frighten ['fraltn] v rryrarb; frightened l'fraltndl a ncnyraunrtfi, uanyranrHrtfi; a fiightened cliild / horse; frightened (of sth/of doing.sth); frightened (to do sth); frightened (that); Don't be frightened. What are you frightened of? I'm too frightened to ask his name. She was frightened (i was afraid) that the plane would crash. I'm frightened for him. guess [ges] v Aofa,qrrBarbcr; npemonaraTr; You'll never guesl wl1a1 ghe told m9. head [hed] v HanpaBntrbct; Aepi(arb Kypc Kyra-n.; She headed for the door. look througb p hr v npocuurpura'ru; She looked through her notes befere the. exam. notice ['neutrs] n nsseueHne, yBeAoMneHue; o6broJreu]Ie; notice v ravevau, o6paurarB BHrrMaHr,re; I didn't notice you. :r petrol ['petrel] n 6eurran .
realize (=16s1ise) l'rlalarzl
rqlize
v l.
ocyutecrBlITr, peanlr3ondts (ruan, sattatcen); to (roro) nonnruaru, oco3HaBar6; to realize the
a plan 2. npeactaarn'm ce6e;
difficulties
iun out
(of) phr v ncqepnarb 3anacll; lrccqKu)rrb, KoHtu,trEcc; I can't give you coffee. We've run out of it. search [sr:d] v ncKarb; pa3rtcxuBarf,; to search for a manuscript / for a book / for a lost ring slip [shp] y nocKonb3Hyrrcc; As I ran up the stairs; my foot slipped and I fell (down). speed [spi:d] n cKopocrb; a speed of 50 mph/8Okph; at high/loVtull/ top speed; speed v (sped, speeded; sped, speeded) nponocu'rsct; Mqar6ct; He sped away on his bike. squirrel ['skwrrel] n 6enxa stare lstea] v npucraarHb cMorperB, ycrzlBnrBct; to stare at sb/sth step [step] z urar; We heard steps (footsteps) outside; step v uararb, c'rynat; She stepped carefully over the broken glass; to step into a car cecrb B MtuxlrHy supervisor ['su:pavarza] r rHcneKlop, xoHTpotep; Mero.q[cr (no xaiouy't. nped-
uemy)
surround [sa'raund] v oKpyxarb; oduocrrr; o6mynarr; to sunound a house with walls; Police surrounded the building.
throw [0rau] v (threw; thrown) 6pocarr, KrAarb; to throw a ball to sb; to throw - stones at sb;.throw awty phr v nu6pacuuarr; I don't need that - you can throw it away.
upset lnptset] a paccrpoenHufi, ncrpeaoxeunufi; She is upset about her brother going away.
wave lwerv] v pinMzxuBarb, Maxarb (pyxoil, ruramro*t); noAaBaJb rHar pyrofi; to wave atlto sb; Why did you wave at him? The people on the bus waved and,we waved back. My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye; wave n BorIHa wood [wudl n l. vacmo; pl nec; porqa 2. ,[peBecfiHa, AepeBo (uamepuatt); wooden ['wudn] a.qepenruuufi; a wooden box
477
Unil22 apperr [a'pral v nofBrrrrcs, rrorzr3brBarBcr; A'bus appeared around the comer; pearanoe [a'prarensl n
gunburn l'snnbr:nl u l):aroparr 2) o6xuranrcr HacoJIHqe sunburned / sunburnt ['snnbr:nd/'snnbl:nt] = suntanned raropelrtfi; o6oxxen-
rp
turn turn
blew from the east.
[kersl n arynil; o6crorrenscrao; in case a cnyvae; iii a,ny gas,Fpq,Bcrloy crryqae, npx ruo6ux o6c'rglremcrna:<; in that case B TaKoM cny14a; in no casi Hll s KoeM cnyqae; You'd better climate ['klarmrt] n r;rraMarti a thy climate cool [ku:l] a npoxr4gHufi, csexufi; a cool morning/wind i , dlnlpi[d a rnpl,a rrinaxirufi,' cUpofi ; The cottage was"cold and damp.'' dull.Idall a l'.ryaofi,6eb-roariorntr;-a dulbpupi'Uclass/"mind 2..ckyyaiwft, nauoArunft cxyrcy; The first part of the game was pr€tty dull. 3. xvypnfi, nacuypHufi (o noeo-
warn lwr:nl v
case
de u m.n.); It was a dull, grey day. except [rk'septl prep 3a ucKrrpqeHr.reM, KpoMe; is ready exccpt me. . i,
wery day except,Qunday; Eve.rypne
ftqezelfri:zl y.(fiozf,.; froZor) l,.3a}4ep3ar6, npeBp,urlarbcr s
JreA;
Water fre@es at
0lC. 2,,sauop.rrrr.rBarr; Can you fueze this cake? freezer ['fri:za] rr.Mopo3r{nra,
She looked fit and sunbumt. Her shoulders were badly sunburned. i v MeHtrb (4eem, oxpaary); Autumn nrms the leaves outpir v oKa3arbct; It tumed out that she was a friend of my sister.
uufi colrnleu;
nrrelrrrrfi u.t u" &rcur1rocrr 2. notwewne (e notte spgnu) blow [bleul ? (blew; blown).ryrrr, Betrb (o eempe); lt was blowing hard. A cold wind l.
yellow.
nPeAynPexrarB;
to wam qb
oflabout/against sth; He was warned
against the danger.
Topical Vocabulary 1
Nouns:
seasons - winter, spring, summeq autumn, (A.mE 'fall), thunder, thunderstorm, light: ning, snowstorm, frost, (heavy) rain; (heavy) snow, ice, shower, weather forecast ,
mist, fog, mud Verbs and verb phrases: to rain (hard / heavily), to dljiz,le, to snow (hard, heavily), to freeze; to melt,. to blow, to shine brightly, to thunder, to be covercd with snovice, to bloom, to be in blossom, to stay indoors/outdoors (: out-of-doors), to get cold, to get wet through
MOpO3r{JIbHaJr KaMepa
hardly ['ho:dltl adv elsa, Hacnny, efie; noqrr.t ne; I could hardly understand him..II ene (c rpyrou) noHuuan ero. I hardly know her. .fl ee noqrfi He 3Harc. however lhau'eve] advrew r{e MeHee, oAHaKo; HecMorpr
Ha 9ro; He was feeling bad. However, he went to work. hunt lhnntl y oxorrrrcr; Lions sometimes hunt alone; to go hunting xoArrrr Ha oxory; bunter x oxorur{K indoors [,In'd::z] ady s noMerqeHr{u, B AoMe, u xouuar€; to golstay indoors; ant otttdoors [,aut'dr:zl adv ua orxpbrroM Bo3,u)fle; Is it cold outdoors? to sleep outdoors mild lmarldl a lrmxnfi; yuepeuxufi; a mild climate; mild weather nostJ ['no:stt] a orBpanrrenbunfi; npotunnr,ril, uepsxnfi; a nasty smelVsighUtaste nerve [nr:vl n l. anqm. nepu 2. pl ueptwat cucreM4 Hepobr; HepBo3uocrb; to get on
sb's nerves aeficrsosatr KoMy-Jr, Ha HepBbr, pa3Apalr(arr; She is all nerves. Y see HepBhr Ht{r(yaa He
roluTcr.
nest lnestl ,r rH€Ao
positive l'ppzrtrv] a L secounennuft 2. ynepenuufi (e .teu-tt.), y6e:rqessrrfi n npaBnnbr{ocrfi (uezo-tt.);'Are you sure?' 'Yes, I am positive.' "Brr yrepenn?" "Aa, coreprueuno /a6coaprno". possible ['ppsabll a sosMoxnrrfi; It is possible to get there by train; ant lmpossible [rm'ppsabl] y Heso3uoxrbrfi, HeBlrroJrr*rMufi; It's impossible for me to be there
r
beforeeight.
, .i
i
rubbish ['rnbrJl z l. uycop, cop, xrraM 2. wrryx4 us.uop;.Rubbish! You're not fat! Don't talk rubbish. It's not rubbish - it's kue. seasick ['si:srk] a crpaAaroqrfi uopcxofi.6orerurro; We were all Seasick. Hac scex
yKaqiuo.
'':
I ' :':'
suffer [s'nfa] v crpaAarb; to suffer from sth; He suffers from asthma. sunbum ['snnbr:nl = sun(tan) ['santanl n l. sarap2. tted. comre.rHuft gxor; Where did you get such a beautifirl suntan / tan / sunburn?
478
Adjectives: warm, hot, cold, cool, dry, we! fine, nice, mawellous, nasty' slippery, awful, terrible' sunny, windy; rainy, stormy, frosty, fogry, cloudy, chilly, misty; muddy, slushy, icy
Activilies in dillerent seasons: to lie in the sun; to sunbathe; to go skating (skiing, boating, fishing, swimming, camping, cycling), to bathe; to swim; to play tennis (football, volleyball); to play a game of chess (tennis); to pick flowers; to pick/gather berries and mushrooms Conversational ph rases : It tooks like rain. It's raining heavily/hard. It's raining cats and dogq. It's pouring. It's snowing heavily /hard. What a marvellouVfi ndlovely daY! Wh at nasfy/awfu l/fi ne weather!
It's cold./hot/warm/windy today. What is the weather like todaY? What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? The temperature ri seVfal ls. The temperature is five degrees above/below zero. The sun rises/sets. The weather is still keeping fine. There are some tourists sunbathing on the beach/on the bank ofthe river. We spent the weekend aUby the seaside.
479
1
t
Unit 23 ant lantl z rrr;paaeil anyway l'enrwer] adv so Bcf,KoM cnfrae; rar 6rr ro Hn 6nno; You won't be late
happy childhood.
anyway.
extremely [rk'stri:mlI] adv xpailue; vpesautvafiuo
barbecue ['bo:brkjul x nuKHuK unu tpueu Ha orKpblroM BosAyt(e, Bo BpeMt Koroporo rocreil ynouarcT MtcoM, xapeuHlrM Ha Beprele as usual rax o6rr.ruo; Steve, as usual, was the last to arrive. attention [a'tenfn] n Bvt'twawne; to attract attention [pI{BJIeKarB BHr.tMaHI{e; to call (to draw) sb's attention to sth o6paruarb qbe-r. BHr{MlrH[e Ha qro-r.; to pay attention to sVsth o6pauarr BHr{MaHrie Ha KonrJr., Ha qro-n.; Please pay attention to what I am sayrng. She tried to attract the waiter's aftentio4. He called my attention to the
file lying on the table; attentive [a'tentryl 4
BHHMareJrBHrril;
onaule, Aecepr, disturb[drs,tr:b]uaonno ' you for a moment?
degree [dr'gri:] z dessert [dr'zr:t] n
i
's for dessert?
sorrytodisturbyou,butcanItalk
fabulous ['fabjalas] (r noTprcarorlnfi, ueoeporruui; Jane is a fabulous cook. headmaster [,hed'mo:stel n ArpeKrop uKonEt; headmistress [,hed'mrstrrs] z an-
ra6o'rnunufi; She
)o*,,,-
was very attentive to her little brother.
dear [dra] c goporoil, uurufi, nro6nurrfi; dear mother MlrJtrt M.Moqra; dear izt
serviqe
gdpeilcaem cunnamwo, coilcureHue, oeopveHue, HemepneHue, yduolenue; Dear me! Oh dear! Eoxe uofi!, Bot tar rar!, Bor re ua! dust [dastl ,t nlrnb; dust u crupmb, cMa:oruarb nuru; Could you dust the sitting
6stts r qruu-1. YcJryraM so far Ao cl{x nop, nora (eure); So far you have been lucky. flora saM nesflo' teenager l'ti:nerdjal n no.upocror
room?
3Haq. Hapev. TaK, Ao rarofi crenenu; cTonbKo; I can't walk that far. -f, ne Mory Iutrtt iar Aanero. He talks that much. unemployed l,nnrm'plrrd] a 6erpa6muufi
thtt izpoat.
exclaim [rk'sklerm] v BocKnurlarb, BocKJrr.rKHyrb; 'It isn't fair!' he exclaimed angrily.
furious ['fuarrasl a ptr]btpeHubril, as6eruenuufi; a furious animal; to be furious 6rrrr ' B tpocTr{ get on ['get 'onl phr v.uenarB ycnexr, npeycneB{rrb; How is he getting on? I(ar (rgyr) ero.[era? Kar on noxnsaer? irirmediately [r'mrdreth] adv seueryteuHo, Torqac kite [kart] n 6yuaxuufi 3Mefi; to fly a kite sanycKarr 3Mef, manage ['manr6] v l. pyrono.qrrb, )mpaBntrb; to manage afactory (a fann, a busi-
Unit 25 advance lad'vo advice Iad'vars sb's advice; vice - don't
ness) 2. cnpaBnxrrcr; o6xoamrcr; I think I can manage (it). We managed to get to the airport on time. (= We were able to get to the airpon on time.) necessary ['nesasanl a neo6xo.uuuufi, nyxuufi; It is not necessary for you to come.
rs]
pond [pond] ll npyA
put of[ ['put 'ofl phr v vtrulmru,Barr, orcpoqunarr; We've had to put off the wedding until September. Neverput offuntil tomorrow what you can do today. put out ['put 'aut] phr v ryntns, racnrb; to put out a fire raft [ra:ftl ,r nror; raft v coqrasrtrr lrnor; rlepenpaBntrsct Ha flnory silly ['srh] a ueyuHnfi, HepasyrrlHrrfi; r.nynr,rfi; Don't be silly. they say .. . roBoprr .. . touch [tatfl v Kacarrcs, rponar6; Don't touch that plate - it's hot! Unit 24
l.
noipacr; at the age oftwelve 2. o6awu. pl pasz..uonrilfi cpor, Bequocrs; I haven't soen you for ages. agree [a'gri:] v l. coDrttrrarbct;.qonoBapfiBarbct; cxoA]rrscx Bo MHeHUtx; to agree with sb; When he said that, I had to agree. I agree with her analysis of the situation. 2. courarrrarrcr,.(asarr corracue; He invited us and we agreed; to agree to
age [eIdJ]
do sth
480
n
o
,'l
a l
v
inbed.
nrr;
n npr{MaHKa; attractions
l.
oqaPoBaHl{e
Z
nPeuu'
Pl
ofa big city co6narnu 6olruoro nopora ; cable ferry xanarnrlfi napou; cable car BamH ranarHofi
rlyproH; caravan site uesro srotHKl{ AoMoa{ypronoe committee lka'mrtrl lr KoMI{Ter, KoM'I{cct{t current l,klrrantl a reryr{uil; Hgneulrnfi; corpeuennuil; current prices; abudget for the current year; current events; current neuts
dirt [do:t] n AporLtK; to PlaY darts
dreadful l'dredfl] a yxacnttil, crpaurxnil; nanoa.suufi ]D(ac dune ['dju:nl n rtowa
I fancy ce6 extra
ufi
ce6e; just fancy!, only fancy-! voxcre can't fanry him as a solclier' Fancy him
doing a thing like that! l6 3ar. 2510
481
er market ['fI i :,mo: krt] pase.'5.nowuttn1fi punor", 6apanonxa fortnight ['f::tnart] z .[Be HereJru, qsrrrpHaAuars,uHefi hest [hi:tl n xrapa, sHgfi; heat y HarpeBarB, noAorpeBarb, corpeBarE (zar, heat up); to heat (up) some water; Heat the oil and add some onions. hike lhark].v nyreurecrnoaarr, xoAr,rrE rrerutoM; 6poaurr; to go hiking hill [htl] n xorrM, Bo3BErrrreHHosrr; hilty ['hIh] a xonvucrr,rx; a hilly area (region) indeed lrn'di:dl adv s AeiaqsrrreJrrHocrr, Qarru.recrra jog [6pg] v cnoptn. Sexarr rpycqof lock [pk] n iaru6n, aan6p; lockvsanuparr Ha 3aMoK; Did you lock the door? unlock y fl
ornl,rpar6, orKpblBarB (rlrovoru) magnificent [meg'nrftsnt] a adnuxorennHfi; nrrnl*rfi; a magnificent view millionaire [, mrlja'nre] n Mr,urnr{oHep package holiday (: package tour) opranv3oBaHHar rypucrxqecKar noe3AKa parlour ['pa:la] z ne6oruuofi sar, orgearurift ra6uner (e pecmopaue, 6 masepHe u m. n.); ice-cream parlour raQe-uopoxeuoe paradise ['paradarz] n pail perform [pa'fr:m] y l. HcnorH.flrb, BbrrroJrurrt, .(enarb; to perform a task; to perform ' useful work; to perfOrm an experiment 2. npe.4c'rarnarb; HrparE (niaecy); performance lpa'fr : m a n s] n .upe.(craBneH[e, cneKraxjrb punish [ipanlfl y H.rKilrbrBarb, Kapar6; to punish sb; punishment ['prnrfment] n HaKa3anne
reserve [rr'zr:v] y p€epBrrpoBarr, 6ponnponarb, 3aKarbrBarb 3apaHee; I've reserrved a room in the name of Jones; reservation [,reza'verJn] n npeABapuremHHfi sara3 (uecma na napoxode, G zocmuHuqe u fi.n.); peepBr.rpoBaHre; to make a resewation sa6ponr,rposarr [{ecro rush [rnfl v 6pocarrc.r, ycrpeMmrbcr; Mqarbcr; They rushed into the room. sale [seIl] n npoAarKa; c6sn; pacnpo.uaxa; Tickets aie on sale from the booking office. I'm sorry, it's not for sale. shake [Jerk] u (shook; shaken) rprmn; to shake leaves (fruit) from a tree; to shake hands (with sb) o6meurrrcr c KQM-Jr. pyKonoxarr.reM spenr.re; She has very lood sight. 2. BilA; at the sight of npu uu.qe 3. l) rpacr.rnufi Blrr, npeKpacHoe 3peiuue; This lake is ond of the sights of the world.2) pl. Aocronpr4MerrarenrHocur; We are going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights; sightseeing ['sartsi:r4] z ocr',rorp Aocronlir,rMeqaremxocrefi; to go sightseeing ocMarpr{Barb AocronplrMeqarenbHocrr{; Did you have a chance to do any sightseeing? a sightseeing tour ofthe city site [sott] n Mecro, yrlacrox snorkglling ['snr:kalrq] n noABoAHoe nraBilure c ALrxarenbHofi rpy6rofi; to go snor-
sight [sart] n
l
kelling
staff lsto:fl n co6up. rrrar, rrrrarBr (ctyaraqux u m.n.); to be on the staff 6rIrr
s
UITATC : lsti:pl a xpyrofi; a steep roof(staircase) suggest [sa'$est] v rpeAnararr, coBeroBarr; I suggested going in my car; suggestion steep
lsa'd5estfan] n npeAloxeHr4e, coBer; Can I make a suggestion? Do you have any
suggestions?
lsa'prarzl ,4 yrnBneHue; in su.rprise yAnBreHHo; to my great srirp-rise r moeMy BsnnKoMy y4uBneHnro; surpris,e v yAnBnrrb, nopaxarb; He surpriSed me; to be surprised atlby sb/sth
trtp"i* 482
.. ;) ,'' :.' t ;-. . tiny ['tarnr] 4 oqeHb Malenrruft, xporuevnrrf; a tiny b4by wastl lwerst] v pacroqarb, HarlpacHo ryatrir.9 (dexozu.u ryr.n)i lVhy wasle monw gn
, glg$F you don'tneed?
'Unit2Q"'"''"
I
...:i,
ahead [a'hedl adv l'. snepetitp go ihead
sltogether I pqd ye I 2. ocero, ambulance ['em bi alqnsl n (4qto)uaulttn avoid [e'vrrd] v us6erarr, cropoHllTbct,
b b
arl; Walk thrbe blocks. He lives three,b,loils BaP 2. aueP. upocrleKr
fromus'
break alown ['brerk'daunl phr v l'.crroMar6, pa3pyul{rE; Theybroke.thd door down. 2. cuouatrcr, nHfitu ng crpofl (o Mawuxe u m.n.) chance [{o:nst n l. 'tadmo2. y.qo6nblfi crqlrafi, tonight? norubxnocru; Is tti change from one train change tfern$] v toTfor another; I stopped in Moscow only to change planes. Where do I have to change?
direct [J(dr'rekt] v l. HanpaBmrB 2. noxagrparr Aopory; Can you direct me to the railway station? He cran
distance l'drstins] n paccrotHue; a dist rce of 200 kilometres; Whatls thE distance between New Ygrk CitY and Boston? doubte-decker LanUttet
nio"ta
(6uner)? All fares, please! Pay your fare! flnarure 3a npoesA'
general l'djenrall c l. o6uufi, sceo6 As a general rule 1: utuultt n" UtU
uo, noo6Iqe, s 6onuluruIcrse cnyvaeu; I means [mi:nzl n ynomp. c en e ed. u utt. tive means of communication' We need transport. r€gulate l,reqiulert] v peryruaporam; to regulate the trafrc peryrMpoBaE ynHqHoe IPI.Dl(eHue;
-rcgulsdont,regju'lednlzl'
ure2'plrryswt4trafficregulations restri-om ['restru:ml L rounatd otAsxa2. npeuu. aMep. Tyuter' y6opxar room [ru:m] z Mecro, npocTpulHcrBo; Is there enough room for me in the car? Do you have room for a computer on your desk? rush-hour vac(u) nm; Don't trave sign [sarn] rr 3HaK, o6osHaqeHue; B llVre storey ['ston] r erzlrK; tpyc; a tw .five_
[-'sb:rldl " storied) storeyed building
I
cnoctcH
a
483
turn round-phr v your back.
eventuolly [r'ventJuah] adv s roiue koHuoB exhrust [rg'zr:st] y ucroularb, [cqepnbrBarb; Even a short walk exhausted her; exhausted hg'zr:sttdl a rcuy{euuufi, urrypeHHrrfi, ncroqeuuufi; to feel/to be exhausted; I arn exhausted! lllthy l'filOtl a rprrnufi, Heurnrrfi; filthy ragVstreets; It's filthy in here! gosh inl 6oxe!, .rept sossNrn! (ewpactcaemyduatenue, docady, padocma u m.n.) hrrbour ['ho:bal lr r'aBaH6, nopr heortbroken ['ha:tbraukanl a y6nrsft nopeM; c par6n'rurna cepArreM; He was heartbroken when his wife left hirn. hopefully ['haupfah] adv l. c saaexaofi; .He looked at me hopefully. 2. na4o nage-
o6opauunarbcr; noBopaqnnarrci; Tum round and let me look at
turning ['B:nrrr] n noBopor (dopo_laytru\w);Take the firsttuming on the right. e -- --o' yard [jo:d] ,,1 ApA(:3 gytay.uugl4fit"ru)
trbct,
. ToplcalVocaUutary
MoxHo lra,qe.nrrct; n (nrsr) H4geel{cr; Hopeftlly we will get to the show
- instead [rn'stedl BMecro,
Means of trinsport:
B3aMeH;
Ifyou
cannot go, let him go instead; instead
BMecro, B3aMeH; Have some coffee instead oftea. licence (BrE) (AnE license) ['larsns] n nilueH3r.tr; yAocroBepeHr{e;
brii,
coach, trolleybus, tram, double-decker, single,decker, lorry, bicycle, under_ ground/metro/subway (AmE) / tube (BrI')
!il,
KaK
on time.
of
driving licence
BOAHTeI6CKT{e npaBa
Trafftc:
shame [JeIm] n l. crHA; nosop 2. (a shame) pazz. o6ua4 xirrrocrr, AocaAa; What a shame! O6nauo! Xalr! solve [splv] y peuar6, pdpeurarB; to solve a problem; solution [se'lu:Jn] n perueHue, pa3perrreHne (npo6.neuw u m.n.); The solution to last w0ek's quiz is on page 81. take down (= write down) phr y 3anrrcbrBarb; to take down an address (in one's notebook) wind [wund] v (wound; wound) saro&nr (vacur); He had forgotten to wind his watch.
heavy/light- traffic, dangerous traffic, ole-way traffic, left-hand traffic, traffic lights, traffic regulations, rush/peak hours, traffic jam, directiLn sign, crossroais Verbs and verb phrases:
g9, to walk, to drive, to ride, to come, to arrive, to leave, to stop, to cycle, to roller_ blade, to cross (the street), to commute
!9
Unit 28 allow [a'lau] y rro3BolrrrL, punperrrarb; to allow sb to do sth; to be allowed to do sth; He is not allowed to stay out late. Srnoking is not allowed in the hall, We do not allow smoking in the hall.
attic ['etrk] ,r !{epAaK, MaHcapra bat lbatl n ilam\6vna(xpuxem u 6efrc6otr) bean [bi:n] n r[aconr; 6o6; coffee beans
Other:
bunch [bnntJJ
TI
route, conductor, bus stop, tori stand, metrd station, gatrage, pedestrian, pavement, restrbom, WC
.{
at the end.ibottom of the street, on/at the corner of the street, a five minutes' walk/drivdride, round the comer, across from (AmE): opposite, next to
i
i
T
Unit 27 break ln(to) ['brerk
night. :
'rn] phr v
',p.',narscr,
Bniub*arbcr; He broke into a shop last :
break out ['brerk 'aut] phr v scnvtxnrarr (o norrcape, eoilxe, enudeuzz); A fire broke out during the night.
em
t my private life be embarrassed [rm'barasrq] a
I
{
Ij
484
I i
r
cBfl3Ka; rryqoK; naqKa; a bunch
cancel ['kensl] v aHnynr.rpoBarr, orMeHrrr;
offlowers
All flights
have been cancelled because
ofbad weather. citizen ['sruzn] z l. rpaxaar{ffr, rpaxaaxrca 2. ropoAcxofi nc,nelr; a citizen of Boston discover ldts'kaval y orKpbrBarr, Aenarb ori(plrrue; to discover radium (a new island); discovery [drs'krrvan] z orrpnrne examine [rg'zamrn] v 1. paccuarpr.rBarr; ocMarputart; ued. o6cne,qoaarr; These ideas will be examined in more detail in chapter 10. The doctor examined her but could find nothing wong. 2. eK:raMeHoBarB; I was examined in Latin. florist f'florrst] n ropnoneq qBeraMr{; at the florist's n qnerovxofi aaare guide lgard] n npoBo.qHr{K; nlq; eKcKypcoBoA hand [hand] y nepeAaBarE; Bpyqarb; She handed the letter to me. She handed me the letter; to hend sth in apyrarr, noAaBarr; You must alt hand in your projects by the end of next week. I handed the watch in to the police. international [,tnte'naJnl] cl MorqygapoAHufi, unrepHaqnosalruufi obtain lab'tern] v nory,rars, npno6pe, arr; to obtain experience; to obtain aprize
485
v l. npe4rrurrrE, npeAcraBJrrr6; to produce one's passport (one's railway ticket) 2. sr.tBlrrl (naecy, nuoxapnuny) 3. co3AaBar6; npon3Bo.ur,mb; u3ForoBmrr; to produce woolen goods; to produce windsteel; production [pra'dnkJn] z l. npousrogcrBo; r{3roroBtesue 2. npoAyxuur; npo.qyKT 3. nocra-
produce [pra'dju:s]
t I
luxury ['lnkJarr] ri pocrorrr; to live in luxury; luxirfious [h9'3uarias] 4
1
ove;look [;auve'luk] v srlxort4rb HaUnu r; The window overlooks the seal
I
pocRoul-
/ fumitdre
I
i i'
totxa(naecw, Qwqyd u m.n.); a new production of Hamlet
puircture ['prnktJal z flpoxorr (oco6. uruxu)
reward [n'vrr::d] n Hatpa4\ Bo3r{arporqeuue; reward v Bo3uarporqarr; to reward sb (for sth / for doing sth)
I I I
sauoepan ['sr:spaf] n Kacrproru
style lstarl] v KoHcrpynpoBarb; npoeKrlpoBarb; co3AaBarr.qusafiu; stylist [fstarlrst]
n l.crurmcr 2. MoAeJrsep; hair stylist uapr{KMd(ep-Molenbep sweep fswi:pl v (swept; swept) uecT u, no.qMerarb; to swe€p the
Hsrfij luxurious hotel
floor
I
I reaso 2.
KYPc
rate
Be reasonablel'Don't do it.
aru', at ; the (yrp
['refiIsta]'v ri{crpr,rpoB.ar6cr; perncrpaqut, pet'il run [rnn] v (ran; run)
register
turkey ['tr:kr] n us.uor, r.ruaeftxa yog(h)urt ['j pgat] n' fiorypr Unit 29 accommodate [a'kpmadert] v BMerrlarb (tndeil u m.n.); The hotel accommodates a hundred guests; accommodation [a,kome'derJn] n npurcn, npncranr[le; hotel accommodation HoMep B Focrxur{qe; Hotel accommodation is included in the price ofyour holiday. capital ['keprtl] a nponucuofi,3arnanunfi, 6onLruofi (o 6yxee) challenge ltgalrnd3l z l. sHgos 2. ucnsnanue, npo6a (cpolrx) cun; My ne*.job is not easy but it's a challenge; challenging ['fehn$tg] a rpe6yrourxfi HarprxeHra.r (cun); vcflErrllB.rloulufi cnoco6nocrr, crofiroct; a challenging game / job chambermaid ['tfermbamerd] n ropnn ruae check in l'tjek 'rn] phr v l) pertcrpupoBarE; 3anilcllBarb 2) pemmpupoBarlcs (s zocmuHuqe, na co6panuu u m.n.); You must check in at the airport an hour before your plane leaves. check out [Uek 'aut] phr v pautnmnrrc.r B rocrr.rxrlqe n yexarr compliin lkam'plern] v xaJroBarbcr, Bbrpa(arb HeAoBoJIbcrBo; to complain to sb
ityfood atrcasonablePtices' pl'tpotsarbqt' 3ape[,reSr'strerJn] z a course
4 business I a fac-
torylatheatre/ahotel requiie [rr'kware] v l. rpe6oaaTB,
npr,rKasBrBarb;Ile did all that was required of him. Hyx,qarscr (e veu-t.),rpe6oraru (uezo-n.); This plant requires pienty of water' suite [swi:t] t? HoMep nrorc (u: HecKolrbKux xouuam)
).
Topical Vocabulary Rooms: te, inside; outside ception desk, lounge: lobby, r€staurant, shops, beauty salon, pool, launderette, laundromat, laundry service, dry-cleaner's, barber' s, hairdresser' s, currency exchirnge, conference room
People in Hotel: *unugo, receptionist, desk-clerk, chambermaid, porter, bellboy, bellman, doorman,, hotel guest
about / of sth; I'm going to complain to the manager about it; complaint lkam'plernt] n xaao6a; I'd like to makea complaint about the noise.
currency ['knransrl n BzlJrrora, AeHErr.I dry-cleanerts l,draI'kli:naz] rr xnMqr4crKa; Can you pick up my suit from the dry-
.
cleaner's?
encountir lrn'kaunta] v (neoxr,qanno) aopernrr; We encountered a number of
one's clothes pressed (washed, dry-cleaned)
difficulties in the first week. exchange [rks'tJeInd3] r l. naeH-rtr(cr), o6uennrarr(c.r); Everyone in the group ex-
Other:
numb
nmy.
I{3BIM
your
changed telephone na dyyeyrc n r.u.); You c
bxclude [rk'sklu:d] v
accommodation, vacancy, vacant room, room service' a room overlooking (facing) the sea, $60 a night including/excluding service
diet. Lunch costs f,, l0 perperson, excluding drinks. face lfersl v HaxoAlrrEcr nuqoM K; She'turndd'and faced him. Most of the roorns face the sea.
facilities lia'sriairiJ n yAo6crna; cpeAcrBa o6crryxuaanrr; sports / leisure facilities include [rn'klu:d] v coAepxarE, BKrlloqart; The tour included. a visit to the Science Museum. It's t 7.50, including tax.
486
.
Unit 30
appetite l'epnart] il arrlerr.rr; good (healthy, poor) appetite; eppctlar {'apftatzd tt 3.aKycKa
beetroot ['bi:tru:t] n crera4 6YPax beef [bi:fl ,t roBtALrHa
487
beverage ['bevarr$] n nrme, Harr{ror(; alcoholic beverages broth [brpO] n MscHofi 6ynron buffet ['bufer] n 6ySer, cepBahrr (dtn nocydw) butcher l'bufal z MrcrrtrK; ToproBeu MrcoM; butcher's ia.scHar raBxa cabbage ['kaebrd3l n Karryryra KoqaHHarr canteen ffen'ti:n] ,r sronoBar, 6y0cr (xa zaeode, 6 yue6nou sa*edenuu u m.n.) consist-[kan'sistl v cocrorrr; The committee consists of ten mernb€rs. eourse [kr:s] n6noao; dinner offive courses; a four-course dinner; The main course was roast chicken. crepe ['krerp] n ronrtfi 6aranqnr curry ['knru] n l. rcappu (b.cmpan unduilcxan npunpaoa) 2. rcappu,6mo4o, npunpaB. JreHrroe rappu; chicken (egg) curry custard ['kastad] n xuyscvfi rarapHofi rcpeu (uz nurq u uottoxa) dessert [dr2r:t] z Aecapr; What's for dessert? dine [darnf o6e4arr;,to dine in / at home / o6egarr AoMa; to dine out / at a restaurant I o6eAa, s xe,qoua / a pecropaHe I disgusting [drs'gastr4] a feet like / doing / sth 6rn 6 qro-n.; I feel like a cup oftea xoqerc, nofiru norynxrr. I don't feel like eating. Mne He xoqercr ecr6. fizzy l'ftztl a pa?z. fiilrr;yv,ufi, nenxrqr.rficr, r,lrpncrr,rfi; fizzy drinks fry [frar] vxapr.rrl; to firy fish; fry n @1. fries) naanrxfi, Mono.ub
gritl [gnl] y xaprlrl
habit uM
particular lpa'tlkjala] a l. oco6ufi, oco6ennuft; cnequt[r.ruecrtfi; There is one particular patient I'd like you to see. Is there a particular type of book he enjoys? 2. ptzdopuusnfi, npnaepeglnerrfi; She is very particular about her clothes / food; in particular s oco6eHxocru; He toves d-etectives in particular.'
pork[p>:k] ncBuluu*a praise [prerz] yxBanur6; Shepraised his cooking. proof [pru:fl ,2 AoKa3arenbcrBo; noArBepxAerte; There is no proof that the knife belonged to her; prove [pru:v] v l..qoxarusarr; Just give me a chance and I'll prove it to you. 2. oKir3brBarBcr; td prove (to be) useful / satisfactory / interesting dangerous; His advice proved to be useful.
raspberry ['rri:zberr] n Matrltwa roast [reust] v xapr.rrb, ueqb; 3anerarb; to roast a chicken
roll [raul] n 6ylovra salt-cellar ['sr: ltsela]
snra; o6u.rafi;
o6nxnonenr.re;
starter ['sta:ta] npare. nepnoe 6ruo4o starve [sto:v] v L crpa,na'ru or ronoA4 HeAoe.qaru 2. pazz. npororo4arrcr; I'm simply starving. -fl yrr,l.rparo or roro,qa. steak lsterk] n l. rycorc Mflcauttupst6sr(dmtcapeuan) 2.6ni[rurer
occasion - sions meal i
. cnyuafi; on this / that occasion; I co6rrrne; a great / mernorable./ occasion. They marked the occqs open-air concert. He was given a watch on the occasion
ofhis graduation. offer ['ofa] u npeAnararb; to offer help / a tup of tea; He offered me his car for a week. They decided to offer Tom ajob. The kids offered to do the dishes. .I'll do itn' ,? npeAnoxeHr.le; an offer of support / of food / of money; Th nd offer of help; to make / to accept /to refuse / to decline an offer omelette ['omlat] n oMrrer
488
coronKa
slice [slats] r noMorb; JroMrnK; rybovex; a slice of bread; a slice of lernon spice [sirats] n cle\na, nprsocrb, rrpilnpaBa; spicy ['sparsr] d rrpxrpaBneHnuil cnerlrlrMH; OCrprrfi
to be in the habit of doing sth
2. 6ucrpopamnopnurrfi; instant coffee kidney ['krdnrl n dryam. rlosxa lamb fleml ,2 Mrco MoJro.(oro 6aparura Iocate ileu'kert] v patnlecnnB; noMecfltr', pacflonoxr,rrs B onpeAeJreHHoM Mecre; His office is located in this building. rhashed potatoes [,maJtpe'terteuz] rap.rot[enbuoe rxrpg menu ['menju:] z nreuro; What's on the menu tonight? mutton [imatn] n 1apauuna
r4
sausage ['sosr6] n t
Ha panrrrepe
eAenaTE [ITO-I.
/
{l
have a substantial meal / breakfast
superb [s()u:'pr:b] d BerrrrrorrenHrrfi; a superb player / meal / goal; You look super!. take ott phr v l. ruaogurr (uz douy, Ha npo4)nrg u m.n.); to take sb out for a walk; The dog has to be taken out. 2. npzmacnrr, nonecira (e pecmopau, meamp u m.n.);He never takes me out. He is going to take rne out to dinner. tough [tnfl a xecrrcuil; nlorHsrfi; tough meat treat v yroruarB; to treat sb to a good dinner / to an ice cream; She treated him to lunch. Don't worry about the cost. I'll treat you. trouble ['trnbl] n l. 6ecnoroficrBo; BonHeHr{e; rpeBona; His heart was full of trouble;
to give sb trouble [purl.rHrrb
KoMy-n. 6ecnoroficr:no
2.
Aenpra-nrnocrr, 6e4a,
rope; family troubles ceMeftHbre HenpnrrHocrt4; to be in trouble, to have trouble 6srrr e 6eAe; to get into trouble flonacrr s 6eay; What's the trouble? B .rel{ Ieao?
trouble yrpeBoxurb,
BonHoBarL; paccrpar{Barb; What troubles me is his absence.
tuna ['tju:naf n ryueq (poa6a) wait v o6cnyxlBar6 3a croJroM; npucrryxrrBarr, cnyxlrrb KoMy-n.; They wait on you very well in this restaurant.
Topical Vocabulary Meals: breakfast; lunch; tea, dinner, supper
Food: bread, meat, fish, butter, cream, sour cream, yog(h)urt, milk , eggs,
cheese,
sugar, sausage, bacon, ham, herring
489
Kinds of meaL' pork, bee{, lamb, mutton, veal
to scrve food to wait on sb to start with to ask for a bill to give (to leave) a tip to be on a diet to go on a (milk) diet to put sb on a diet
Cooked lood (dishes): soup (clear soup, tomato soup, cabbage soup, beetroot soup, pea soup, chicken soup, mushroom soup, fish soup, milk soup, vegetable soup), broth, porridge, cereal, pasta, macaroni, salad, mixed salad, rnashed/fried/boiled potatoes, crisps/chips, chops, cutlets, beefsteak, steak, roast rneat, grilled fish, hamburgers, hot dogs Spices: salt, pepper, mustard
Dessert: pudding, cake, sweets, candies, biscuits, pastry, pie, ice cream, jarn, jelly, stewed fruit, tart, honey
Drinks: (fruit) juice, lernonade, irop, soda (water), tonic (water), pepsi, Coca
cola,
squash, mineral water, tea, coffee, cocoa, beer, wine, champagne, cognak, vodka, whisky, gin, brandy
I i,
Frui!:
apples, pears, plums, cherries, oranges, tangerines, pineapples, lemons, grapes, bananas, berries, strawberries, raspberries
,l
Vegetables: potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, peas, beans, onion
Co n versatio nal phrases : Help yourselfto some salad. Have some more pudding. No more, thank you. Anything to drink? Another cup oftea? It's to my taste/liking. There's nothing like ice cream (steak, etc.). What is on the menu today? I'd like some salad to begin with. What do you say to a bottle of wine?
Dlches:aplate,aglass,acup,asaucer,ateapot,asaucepan,apan,afrying-pan,a spoon, a knife, a fork, a pot, a kettle
Unit 31
Places to eat.' restaurant, cafe, cafeteria, pub, eatery, canteen, coflee shop, sandwich shop, pizza place, steakhouse, pancake house, buffet
afford [a'fr:d] v HMerB Bo3MoxHoqrb, 6srrs s cocroquun (cdetama vmo-.z.); nosnorrrr ce6e (noryng, ydoeotacmeue); I can't afford the trip. I can't afford the tirne. I can't afford the money. We can't afford to go abroad this summer. as well roxe, raKxe; Are they coming as well? They sell books as well as newspa-
ll'ord combinations to boil meat (potatoes, cabbage, eggs, water, milk, etc.) to grill meat (chicken, fish, sausages) to firy eggs (potatoes, fish, bacon, pancakes, etc.) to stew fiuit (vegetables, meat) to roast meat (chicken, potatoes) to have breakfast (lunch, tea, dinner, supper) to have(to eat) a big/substantial/light breakfast (lunch, dinner, supper) to have./take sth for dinner (for the first, second course or dessert) to have a snack (a bite offood) to have another helping ofsth to help oneselfto sth to butter one's bread (roll, etc)
to tast€ good (bad/ delicious) to be done to a tum (overdone, underdone) to pass sth to sb to sit at table (having a meal) (but: to sit at the table writing a lefter, etc.) to layl to set the table to clear the table = to take away tlre diny dishes to take sb out to dine in (out) to eat in (out) to reserve (book) a table i
490
pers.
at least [at 'li:st] a) vunurualruo; at least five hours no veurueft uepe (xax uuHl.l-
I
r'ryrr) nrrr qacoB; O Bo BcrKoM (r rpafiHeru) cnyqae; You might at least say you are sorry. attend [a'tend] n l nocerqarb, npucyrcrBoBarb; to attend a lecture (a meeting, a concert, a ceremony); Our children attend the same ichool. 2. sa6orurscs (o wutt.); arc2.wrc (aa veu-t.); to attend to sth; A nurse attended to his needs constantly. I have an urgent matter to attend to. bring along phr v npusogwr (c co6ofi); Bring along your friend with you next time. Why don't you bring your brother along? complete [kem'pli:t] y 3aKaHqHBarE, 3aBepruarb; to complete a task; The railway (the house) is not yet completed. exist [Ig'zlst] v 6urr, cyulecrBoBarb; Does life exist on Mars? look forward (to) ['luk'fr:wedl phr v npeABKyrrIart (umo-t.); oxuAarb (uezo-tr.) c yAoBoJrbcrBr.reu; I'm looking forward to her arrival / arriving. previous ['pri:vras] d upeabrlyrrlufi; npe.qurectnyrouufi; o4 the previous page; (on) the previous day uarauyne, 3a AeHb Ao ?Tono; the previous night xaxanyue BesepoM
l. rtasa, Hav{ut6Hr{K; the principle of a firm 2. l) perrop yHr.rRepculeraz) rnpercrop KoJUreIxa 3) auperrop urKoJrlr shock [Jok] ,? norprceHr.re, yAap; uor; shock v nopaxarE, norpflcarb; tuoKrrpoBaTr,; principal ['prrnsapl] n
:
3anacHofr, pe3epBHElfi; spare parts 3anacHHe qacrH; a spare tire 3anacHajl ]1tru]Fi?- 2, JrtrlxHufi; a spare room a) KoMHara Ant rocrei; 6) ceoooaHaq KoMHara; spare time cno6o4Hoe apeur; I have some spare copies. Y veHr ecrr
spare [spee]
4 l.
film director ['frlm dr,rekta] n nruopexuccep glamour ['glame] n l. o6aflrue; oqapoBaHne 2. pasel pocKoruE, mnr; glamorous
X*]:[:H"J *ener, ror6yx4arr; I was thrilled bv vour n€w.s; thrilling
"rltl',#fi ['0rrhn] c nonnyroqnfi,
3axBarrrBnroqt4fi; Iqexo.lylunft nepart; a thrilling deteciive / experienc" I nni.tt / victory; thrilting news turn [tr:n] n ovepe&; When it's your tum, take another card. Whose tum is it to cook? turn up ['tr:n 'np] phr v npu'asttrs (zas, caem); ycwunarc (zeyrc); Tgm up the
radio. CAenaft paJII,to rorpoMqe. (ceem; zaz u'm-n.); down the volume (on the radio)'y6aBl'rrE FpoMKoct (paarao)
turn down ['tr:n 'daun] phr v y.6asnnb, yMeHLIIIarb
' act [akt] n l.
Ae.no, nocrynoK
to tam
Unit 32
2.meamp.arr,4e[c'rue; nct vgeftctaoBarb' nocry-
rrar6, Bestr ce6r; He acted foolishly; actirig n meamP. :'lr:pa amuse [e'mju..zl v ta6aantr6, piBBneKarE; This will amuse you. we were all amused at his stories; amusing [e'mju:zr4l c sa6asnrtfi, cuerusoil animated l'enrmertrd] d Myfl6TI,IIIJInKaquoHurtfi ; an animated cartoon uylrT r'rnlu-
raquounrtfi Qululr approve [e'pru:v] v o.qo6prrr; I told my mother I wanted to marry but she didn't approve; to approve ofsb / sth; Do you approve ofmy idea? anf' disapprove v He o4o6prrrn oc)Dl(.uarb
sb
bury ['bert] v casi [ko:st] n fihn has
an
channel ['ttanl]
['k The
compticated
system; try and explain.
/ sth) (with doing sth) Pcrnil coc'rar; The
ucnolrurelefi
noHIlMaHHt; a complicated I very cornplicated - but I'll
l. nporuaunrc 2. yuactnux copeBHoBaH]It' cocTt3aH14t cri:ate lkrr'ert] v cor.qanars, TBopI'Irb; to create a theory (a drama, a system of philosophy)' critic f'kritrkl ,4 Kpr.nr.rK; criticize (BrE also - criticise) ['krrtrsarz] v KpLrrI{KoBarb date [dert] n p(Bz. c1u11 Hr,re, Bctpeqa; to make a date with sb Ha3Haqr'ITs cBI'IIaHI{e c . KeM-n.; I made a date with her for supper. contestant [kan'teStent] n
his ile:'
tenruufi fancy v xorers; Fancy a drink? Do you fancy going out this evening? favourable ['fervaribll a 6laroupu.rruHfi; 6narocuouuuft; favourable weather (conditions, opinions, impressions)
492
discovery
humour ['hju:ma] n roMop; qyBcrBo wuopa (vacmo sense of humour); He has a good sense of humour; humoroirs ['hju:maras] c rcuopr.rcuvecrrfi; a humorous story impress [rm'pres] v npou3Bo.lr.rrE BneqarreHxp, nopaxari; to impress sb with sth / sb; We interviewed a number of candidates, but none of them impressed us. She was impressed with the painting; impression [rm'preJn] r? Brreqarn€Hue; My first impression of him was favourable; to make a good (deep, big, strong) impression on sb; His trip to India made a strong impression on him.
jewel ['Su:al] Ioss
n AparoueHHocrB; rcBeJrr,rpHarr Berqb
[ps] nilorepr
maiden ['merdn] a nepnufi, ueucnpo6onauuufi; a maiden trip n:raBaHr4e,
/
voyage
/
nepuoe
neprufi peilc (uoeozo xopa6u)
mood [mu:d] ,r pacnonoxenile A1li.a, HacrpoeHr{e; to be in a good (bad, rnerry) mood; to be in the mood to do sth; to be (to feel) in the (in no) mood for sth i doing sth move y rporar6, BoJrHoBarb; We were deeply moved by her story; moving ['mu:vrq] a aorHyroulnfl, TporareJrbHbril; The performance was very moving. part n pom; the leading part BeAyrlar ponr; I liked the actress whri played the leading part. plot [plot] n t[a6yna, crcxer point of view roqKa 3peutrt popular science film uayvuo-r[arrrac'rNsecrnfi t[unrv present lprr'zent] v l. npeno.qnocurr, .uap[Tb; np€eHToBarb; to present sb with sth; On his retiiement, colldagues presented him with a laptop computer. 2. nonasarr,, Bpyqar6; npe.u6rBncrb; to present documents 3. nepe4arr / npegcrawns I geno (uonpoc) ua o6cyxgeuue queue [kju:] n oqepeAB; to stand in a queue the rest oc'rarox, ocrrrllbHoe review [rr'vju:] n peueHs[q, orsun (o xnuze, Qutrwtte,u m.n.) row [rau] n prrA; Let's sit in the back row. run y I. AeMoHcrpr.rpoBarb, nor&tEnart (ntecy, fiuau); We rai this play six times. 2. uAtu (o naece, Quaue); Her last musical ran for six months on Broadway. scary ['skearrl a xyrrnfi, yxacHni; a scary story, a scary mov.ie; It was a really scary moment.
screen [skri:n] n srpan; to show a film on the screen Bblnycxarr Qzmn na :xpan; screen v 9Kpanx3lrpoBaTb; AeMoHcTpltpoBaTb Ha SKpaHe
sensible ['sensabl] a 6naroparymnrifi, :gpanouncneulrafi; a sensible idea set [set] v (set; set) o6awu. passive noMeularbct, pacnoJlararlct; The second act is set in a street. shoot [Iu:t] v (shot; shot)
l.
crpenrrB 2. ornvarr (xuno), rpol{3BoAl,Irb
cGeMI(I,r;
Where was the movie shot? sink lsrnk] v (sank; sunk) ronyrr, yronarb; The ship sank.
493
st&r y 6Brrb 3BesAoft, cHl{Marbct B B€AyIqefr ponr; Whorstars in this film? a film star Kr,rHo3BqtAa, BeAylllttil aKrep unu aKrpl{ca survey |sr:verl n o6ospbuae; o6sop; a survey ofmodem literature' , . ' technical ['teknrklJ a.rexnnqecxuft; technology [tek'nplodJrJ 4 rexHI{Ka, rexHorol'l.tt upper [apa] a ae;gixuufr; the upper deck / floor / storey 2. Blucilitrll (no nonocrcexun, uux); the upper class
; unique Uu'ni:kl,ir ynurcalrunfi i vampire ['vampara] n BaMrnp version ['vr:Jn] n Btipua*"r; LlHTepnperaqwr; screen version 3rpaHIBaIIut villain ['vrlan] n l. gnoi\eia, HeroAsfi, npecrynHl{K 2. otpuqarelruufi nepofi, uo4efi (e pouaue, nbece u m.n.);He often playsthe part of the villain' virtual ['vr:tJual] a r'mpryatr,usrfi worth [wr:o] a l. ctolIqnfi, uuercuufi ueHHocrb azu cronuoctu; Our house is worth about f, 100 000. How much is this painting worth? 2' 3acrryxrlBalorqufi; ctoxult'tr (vezo+.); to be worth sth / doing sth; The trip was expensive but it was worth
every penny. The book-is worth reading'
Topical Vocabulary
marvellous, fantastic, terrific, superb, perfect, excellent, exciting, thrilling entettain' ing, amusing, funny; comic, humorous, fascinating, surprising, amazing, interesting, realistic, clwer, well-written, well-made, awful, terrible, horrible, disgusting, terrifring, scary, silly, dull, boring, uninteresting, disappointing, unbelievable' to be impressed, to be entertained, to be fascinated, to be bored, to.be amused, to be thrilled, to be surprised, to be excited, to be amazed, to be amused; to be disappointed, to be terrified
Unit 33
tsktfter phr
v ocBe.uoMJr{rLc.n; He always asks after you in his letters.
conduct [kan'dnk{ v l. recrN, pyKoBoAl.Irb; npoBoAHTb; to conduct an experiment; to conduct a meeting (an examination) 2. gnpuxupozart (opxbcmpou, xopou); He conducts at all the big concerts; conductor lken'dnkta] z l. ror+4yrrop (mpauean, aemo6yca)2. gupuxep dense [dens] a rycl,loil1' nnorHufi, rounarrHrtfi; rycro unu qacro pacnofioxeuurtil; a dense forest / fog /; a dense crowd; densely ['denslt] adv rycl,.o; nrlorHo, KoMnaKrHo; densely populated
Film genres: horror film, a historibal film, a love story, a musical, a mystery, a nature film, a popular science fihn, a sciencd fiction film, a soap opera, a thriller, a westem,"a feature film, a newsreel Filnls cdn be: coloir, black'and-white, wide-screen, sound, silent an action/adventure film,
Gharacteristics and lmpressions
a cartoon, a comedy, a documentary, a
People in Cinema: an actor, an actress, a film director, a producer, a cameraman' a camerawoman, an art director, a scriptwriter, a film crew, a (fihn) star, a spectator' a cinema-goer
nloruo Hacelensrtfi
earth [l:0] n saMilr; Mr{p, B KoropoM MBt xI4BeM gain [gern] v l. nolyrarr; npr.lo6perarr; to gain experience (as one-grows older); to gain strength / health (after illness) 2. ynenutuuarr, ua6npatr (cxopocmu u m.n.); to gain speed, to gain weight
hear from noJryqarB
I,I3BecrI{e,
coo6uesre; How often do you hear from your
ll/ord combinations:
brother? I haven't heard from him for a month. live (on, upon) nutarrct (ueu-t.); to live on fruit make v oKa36rBarBcr, cratuoBltrBct; I'm sure she will make an excellent teacher. mammal ['miml] n sooJr. MreKoflItralouee
to go to the cinema (movies, pictures) to be on, to be playing, to be showing Let's go to the cinema. There's a good film on this week. What's on at the cinema? What's on TV? A new film is playing tonight. Where is this film playing? What's playng at the thea-
penguin ['pe4gwtn] n ilvrHtBLtH recommend [,reka'mend] v peKoMeH.qoBarr, coBeroBarr; to recommend sb to do sth; Can you recommend a good hotel? I recommend the book to all my students; recommendation l,rekamen'derJn] n percomeHraur.fl, convr; I had the operation on the recommendation of my doctor.
tre?
The movie is now showing at all major movie theatres. Where is this movie showing? What is showing at the Forum? to slioot a film, to direct a film, to screen a film, to make a film, to fihn a novel, to write a script, to play the part of, to play the l6ading part, to be in the cast, to have a long (successful) run The play has been running for a year' This film has had a successfitl run. .
Other:
(: movie theatre), a matinee / an evening performance, screen version; poster, ticket, seat, camera, plot, script, character/heroiheroine cinema
494
nut [nnt] n opex
remind [rr'marnd] v HanoMuHarb, .IeJIarb
HanoMI,IHaHile;
I must remind you of your
promise. seaweed ['si:wi:d] ,r MopcKzur BoAopocrlr
strict lstrrkt] a crporuil, rpe6ona'reruufi; a strict teacher; They were always very strict with their children.
tailor ['tetla] z nop'ruoft trke off phr v s3Jlerarb; The
plane takes
offat
Six.
tho other dry ne raK AaBHo, Ha AHcx; The other day I went to the theatre and had
a
good time. The other day I saw an interesting film on television. weor outpir v nsuaunnars(cr); Children wear out their shoes very quickly.
495
applau{ [a'pb:d] y anroArrpoBarB, pyxonnecKarB; He started to applaud and the oth-
ersjoined in. The conference rose to applaud the speaker; applause la'pb:zl n ar noArjcMerrrrr; a storm of applause 6ypnne aflno.u]rcMer{r6r ballet ['beler] n6anEr celebiate ['sehbrert] v l. uparquorarb, ornpa3.(Hosarr 2, npocJraBJrrrb] BocreBarb; , celebrated ['sekbrerttd] a 3uaueHrtrfi, npocnaBneHHrrfi; a celebrated writer clap [klep] v xronarr, annoAr4poBarr; The audience clapped the singer. compose [kam'pauz] y coqnHrrb (tumeparnypnoe unu Jvy3brKluauoe npouzeedenue); composer [kam'pauza] n KoMno3hrop contribute [kan'tnbju:t] v l. xeprnoaart (deuozu u m.n.); to contribute to the Red Cross 2. ,qenar6 nraa,q (e H6yrg u rr.n.); cnoco6srBoBarb, coAefiqrsosarr; This book contributes little to our understanding of ftre subject; contribution [,kontrr'bju:Jn] r l. noxeprnoBaure, stuoc (denetcawil u m.n.); The money came from worldwide contribution. 2. Bcnad.; contribution to the cause of peace convince [kan'vrns] v y6ex
delight [dr'lat] n Bocropr, BecxrrqeHre; with delight c yAoBonbsrBr.reM, c HacrraxAeHneM; to his delight K eno y.rloBonbcrBrro; delight v.uocraBmrb Hacra)KAeHlre;
Bocxr{qarL; to be delighted with I at I by sth; She was delighted by / at the news of the wedding. I am delighted to meet you. edge [e6l n rcpair,, xpoMKa; to sit on the edge of the chair event [r'vent] n l. co6rrrue, BoKHoe rBJreHne 2. xuito gnrl3oA fall = go down onycrattct (o sauaeece) hit lhrtJ n l, ycnex, yAaqa; to be / to make (a big) hit urr,rerr (6onrurofi) ycnex; He made a hit with his songs. The play (the book) was a hit with the public. 2. cner-
t[ulrru, uruerouluft 6olrurofi ycnex; "xur"; I want to buy hits frorn operas. lean fli:nl v (leaned,'leant; leaned, leant) l. uani6atrcr, HaKJIoHtrbct; to lean over a ' fence nairornmrcr HqA rcmpo.qbxr 2. (on) onr.rpatrcr; to lean on a stick onuparbc{ Ha nanKy 3. (against) rprcnoHrrbcfl; to lean against a wall (against a tree) npnTaKrrE, KoHrlepr,
cJrorrrrrcr
K creHe
(r
aepeey)
open v cocrorrrcr, 6uru npeAcraBneHHofi n nepauft pat (o naece); The play opened on January 31.
rise = go up [oAHnMarbct (o sauaeece) scene [si:n] n Mecro Aeilctgt{s (e naece, pouaHe u m.n.); The scene is laid in France. ,{eft crnne upoucxoAnT ro Opar-rqnn. scenery ['si:narr] n (teatparuuure).qeropaurr.r; The scenery was beautiful. seat n Mecro (arrn o.raeHuc); in the stalls s naprepe; in the orchestra stalls o nepnux prA.x naprepa; in the pit stalls B 3a,qnrD( ptrurx raprepa; in the pit a arrr([urearpe; in the dress-circle s 6eJrrgraxe; in the upper circle s [epBoM rpyce; in the balcony na 6a.rxoHe; in the box B noxe; in the gallery Ha nanepKe
496
r
crreH4 Tearpanrnbre noAMosrKr.r; When the singer came onto the stage there was a storm of applause; stage v craBlrrb (noeq, onepy); The play was staged by K.S. Stanislavsky. stay up ['ster 'rp] phr v ue rroxrrrbcr cnarr; She liked staying up half the night. Eft HpaBr4nocb noJlyHoq HilqarB.
stage [ster6]
Unit 34
stilted ['strltrd] a aucoronapnnfi, ronopur,rfi; neecrecrneuuufi usher ['nJa] n uraeilqap; KaneJrbAr{Hep; usherette [,nja'ret] ,, KanenrAuHepua
Topical Vocabulary
I
Places of enlertain ment: theatrg drama theatre, opera and ballet house, musical cornedy theatre, puppet theatre, young spectators theahe, pantomime theatre
cinema, movig movie theatre, circus, music hall, concert hall, disco (discotheque), philarmonic, club, nightclub, picture gallery, museum
Interior of lhe Thealre: stalls, pit, orchestra pit, dress circle, upper circle, balcony, gallery, box, stage, boxoffice, cloakroom, dressing room, foyer, buffet, refreshment room, row, aisle, entrance, exit, scenery, set(s), curtain, wings S h ows
a
nd perfotmances
:
oper4 ballet, drarna, play, comedy, tragedy, musical, concert, variety, satire, recital People
in Theatre:
actor, actress, artist si-nge4 @allet) dancer, player, performer,.leading man, leading lady, understudy, playwright, scriptwriter, producer, (stage) director/mzurager, costume desigler, make-up artist, conductor, composer, musician, the lead, dancing girl, comedian, clown, comic, attendant, usher, usherette, audience, public, spectator, thea-
tregoer Music: classical music, light music, dance music, folk music, pop(music), jazz (music), rock (music), synphony, symphony concert /orchestra
Muiical instruments: piano, guitar, trumpet, violin, drum Verbs:
to act, to play, to sing, to dance, to perform, to stagey' to pioducey' to direct (a play), to rehearse, to compose, to conduc! to star, to applaud, to clap, to impress Word combinations: to be a success/hit (with the public), to be popular (with the public), to book a seat for a performance, to be in the cast, to be at one's best, to have a long run, to be in the repertoir, to be on the programme, to play the part/role of . . ., to play/sing /dance the leading part, to play the lead, to do/show 4 new play, to siVto have a seat in the
front/fift Menth /back /row C o nv ersat io na I p h ra ses :
What's on tonight? What's playing/showing tonight? A production of Carmen was playing to pabked houses.
)
497
f research [n'sr:tJl n uccne.uoBaJrr{e, H3yrreHn€, I43.brcKzu{re; resEarc.h workers.rccne-
The curtain falls (goes down). The curtain rises (goes up). The lights go down. The lights go up. The house is,packed/ full/ empty. The scene is laid in Paris. This week's performances are (completely) sold out. The band is on tour in France.
JIoBareJrr{; Ha}^rHo-r,rccneroBareJr6cKue
resign [n'zarn] r,
2. ylmn B orcraBKy; The Cabinet
Other:
Unit 35 account la'kauntl rl cqer; I don't have d bank account; to have an account at / with a bank; to open / to close an account; What's your account number please? admit [ed'mrtl v l. npnsuaBars,4onycxat; She admits (o) being strict with her children. He admitted all his rnistakes. It was a stupid thing to do, I admit. 2. npn3HaBarb (euxy); npuzrwarrcr; to admit (to) stealing; He refused to admit his guilt. announce [a'nauns] v o6rrnrmr, n3Berrlarb; aHoHcr,rpoBarb; 3arBJrrrb; They haven't formally announced their engagernent yet. It has been announced that the confer-
will be held in Moscow; announcement [a'naunsmant] n
o6'sraneur.re,
aHoHc, r.tlB€rqeHre;. coo6uleune
y ocHoBBrBarB, o6ocuoeruan; based on experiment ocHosaHHrrfi Ha onbrre, onfipuuouluficr ua onglrrr boast [beust] v xsac'ratci; to boast about / of sth cause [kr:z] n npusnHa, ocHoBaHr.re; There was discussion about the fire and its likely cause; cause v 6srru npaunHofi, cJlyxr,trL noBo.qoM; B6I36rBarE; npuvuuarr; Do you know what caused the fire? come out ['knm 'aut] phr.v o6uapyxuBarlct, craHoBl.ITbct l{3BesrHbrM; The truth will come out. His secret came out. confess lkan'fes] v npr43naBarb; He confessed his debt. He confessed (to) stealing (having stolen) the money. confirm [kan'fr:m] v noATBepxAarr; Please write to confinn your reservation (= say that it is definite). Has everybody confirmed that they are coming? decfare [dI'kleel v 3arBnqrb; o6rralrru, flpoBo3rnallJarr; to declare peace / war; 'I'll do it!' Tom declared.
base lbers]
v
orpr4rrar6, orBeprarB; He denie{ using my computer; denial [dr'naral] n orpuqaure, onpoBepxeHue give away ['grva'wer] phr v l. orAaBarr,.uapl4rb; She gave away her best toy. 2.
deny [dr'nar]
pasz. incident inquire
nporoBoplrrbcr; His accent gave h'im away.
npoucuecrB4e; nHqugeur v cnp'aruuedrr, ysuariarr; Hasorurr crpaBKlt; I ialled the station to inquire about train times. He inquired whether he had to start at cnpaBoK, paccnpaul{BaHile once; inquiry (=enquiry) lrn'kwararr] ,
"u"..u.rl", (o wu-a:); She renrarked how remark [n'mo:i] v Aenars raueqaHue, Bbrcr.r3ErBarsci tired I was looking; renar* rr 3aMeqzrHlre; He rnade a number of rude rernarks about the food
498
pa6o,
urxlr
orKil]brBarbcr oT .uolrxnocrr.r; olandir, orce6{:o6r3anno3rtr
resigned.
'
,
space [spers] n KocMoc
costume, opera glasses, choreography, acting, dancing, singing, orchestra, band, act (the first/last act), production, interval, hero, heroine, character, theakical company, first night, stage version, script, rir4tinee/evening performance
gnce
L
swear [swea] u (swore; swom) rnrcrrcf,; I swear (that) I'll never leave you.. She swore (that) she'd never seen him before. threat [0ret] ,? yrpo3a; threaten ['0retn] y yrpoxarr, rposl{rE; They broke my windows and threatened me.
Unit 36 addition [a'd{n] n npn6ayteuue; aouonneriiie; in addition KpoMe roro, ago6aaor; x roMy xe; In addition he was rude to me; in addition to sth s AonorrHeHue (x vewy,r.); This is in addition to what I said yesterday. , ancient ['ernjant] a gpenurft, crapnHurrft; in ancient times; ancient monirqents baggage ['bagtdf] n arvrep.6arax; The porter carried her. baggage; baggage officg baggage room arvrep. KaMepa xpaueH[fl beddin g [' bed I 0l z rocrerrbulre rpr{Ha,qnexHqcr v berth lbr:01 z crraJrrHoe rr.recro, uolxa (a eazone u m.n.) board [br:d] v cecrE B noe3A, a rpaurafi, Ha caMoJrer, na xopa6lr; Passengers are waiting to board; on board na ropa6ne; na 6opry; B BaroHe; Ha ca.Nronsre; Have the passengers gone on board yet? broadcast ['bn:dko:st] v (broadcast; broadcast) nepoAaBarE no pa,qro; Becrn pa,qronepeAaqy; Beular6; The concert will be broadcast live 1 at the same time, as it takes place). They began broadcasting in 1922. car n aMep. (xenesno.qopoxnrrfi) narort; smoking car; sleeping car carriage ['ken$I ,, raccrDKr{pcKnft saroH casual ['kagual] a clryvafiurrfi; Henpe.4uavepeHuufi, ue.raruuufi; It was a casual rernark I wasn't really serious; casually ['ke3ualt] adv cnytailuo; HerpeAHaMe-
:
-
PeHHO, HeqaflHHO
concern [kan'sr:n] v Kacarbclt, 3arparr{Barb, uMerb KacareJlbcrBo, orHolrreHr{e; as concerns qro Kacaercr; as far as I am concerned qro Kacaercr MeHt cope [kaqp] v (with) crpzlBr{rbcr, coBra,qarb; to cope with difficulties
depart [dr'po:t] y or6usarr, orrrpaBnrrrct (o noesdax, cartoJtemca u n.n.); Flights for Amsterdam depart from Terminal 2; departure [dr'po:tja] n ornpayneyue (noesda, canotema u m.n.)
destination l,destr'neIJn] ./, Mecro Hd,HarleHut; gens (nymewecmeun, noxoda u m.n.);port of destination; to reach one's destination; to arrive'at one's destination display ldr'splet] ,r roKa3, AeMoHcrpaqufl due [dju:] a o6wkx. predic l. Aorxnrtfi, o6rsaHuurfi; He is due at his office oh Monday. OH Aonxea qBrrbct B Kotrropy D rloHeAerbHl4x. He is due to speak. On Aon-
xen Blrcrynnri. 2. oxuaaer*mrfi; The mail is due tomorrow. flovta npnuer s 8 qaces- Hew"a9
3aBTpa.
lue to start to-
fin
!y, I hrye to say -.. B 3aKrloqeHue r AoIxeH cKillaTB . .. firework l'farewg:k] v o6wxu.p/ rfefiepaepr; When do the fireworks itart?
499
.
firstly ['fr
uears; The train gets in at 3 o'qloct' . (: .. rnade a gift of his paintings to the ga-llery' family Iitt lgtftt on, I am listening. Go o1 with-your work' Ile -!o * t'gt, 'onl phr v npoAonxarb; Go going on get in
a moment and then went on doing his homework. Wn-at:s
,topi"a for
here?
v oKznblBarbct (crryuafiuo); She happened fappen -"utt"O.['hepan]
to be out when
we
You don't happen to know his name, do you?
journey [,djr:nr] n nu.ia*u; nyreuecrBue; They went on a long traihjoumey IndL. Did you have a good journey? lt's a day's joumey by car'
across
keep (on) doing sth rpoAorrxarb.qeJrarB'qro-Jl.; He keeps on asking silly questions. " tuggage i,fngtdJt n 6arax; lugiage van 6araxunfi'naron; left-luggage (office) KaMepa
.
-
carridgd (a/so coach) (AmE car), sleeping car = sleeper, smoking car smoker, nonsmoking car: non -smoker, dining car (: diner, restaurant car, buffet car); engine:
locomotive compartment, (upper/lower) berth, bedding, rack; luggage/baggage rack
Verbs of leaving: to leave, to go out, to get out, to pull out,'to depart Verbs of arriving: to arive in (at) some place, to get in, to come in, to
pull in, to get to, to reach
llord combinations: to travel / to go by train, to travel/ to go firsVsecond class, to change (trai4s), to get on/off a train, to get into/oul of a train, to board a train; to catch a trairi, to take 4 train'
xpaHeHI,lt
mean [mI:n] a xa,qnutil, cxynofi; Shels always been mean with money' platform ['platfi:m] n nna'rQoprra4, neipoH; What platform does the train to London go from? The train now standing at platfcrm I is fcir Leeds' pull [pul] v rtnyrr, raulldrb; You push and I'tl pull' push [pufl vroflKarb, nl'Ixarb (e pazeoeop); to put in a word put in phr v npepbmarb,
"t.ru""u"""". iack [rak] [oJIKa, cerKa Anc seuefi (e eazoxax, aemo6ycax u m'n') raise lrerzl v noAHr{Marb; He raised the gun and fired' reach [ri:tJ] y AocruraTb (uecma uasiaueuun\; Aoe3xaTb, Aoxo.[l4rE, Ao6raparscr; The train reaches Oxford at six. secondly ['sekendlt] adv no-nropux to see me off' see off isi: 'ofl phr v npoo*ati (yerxarouuxl I want somebody After a paccna6lrrrcr; Kpecna; Ha cnI,IHKy pir v orrcuattBar'cr .it t'srt long walk it's pleasant to sit back with a cup of coffee' n nauprxent e' Harpy3Ka; ueperpy3Ka; The ground here cannot take ,4
tn"t
Oitl
strain-[strern]
the strain of a large building.
through [0ru:] a nprrr,rofi, 6ecnepecago'rnrrfi; a through train trackltraekl , *._d. Kofle& penbconHfi ny$; to go offthe track cofiru truck [trnk] n reJlexKa
stall, r"staurant, buffet,'refreshment room' entrance, exit
:
conductor AmE'
atter
dant, engine driver, gignalman
Trains:
.
train, expresVfast train, stopping/passenger train, direct/through train, commuter van local train, tong-distance train, goods/freight train, electric train, van, luggage
s00
beg [beg] v npoclrrl; ytlrontrb; They begged him for help. decline [dI'klarn] v orKtoHtrb, orBeprarb; to decline an bfferTinvitation ' explode lrk'splaud] v nspura'm(cr); A bornb exploded. forbid [fa'brd] v (forbade, forbidden) 3anpeqarr; Her father forbade the mamiage. You are all forbidden to leave. g ; He got his sister to
hoover ['hu:va] n
BrE' ,otlon, termirius, platform, track, waiting room, cloakroom = left luggage office booktimetable' office' inqurry ;"Et^;" office )mE, ticket otrce: bo :ing office,
*oriirg or roilwaYs:
Unit 37
momlng.
Places relating to railwaYs:
Persons
o**r.rre, (railway) fare, light/hand luggage, .uit"^", briefcase, trunk, bag, joumey, hip, destination, (vacant) seat, passenger, baggage chech truck
g
c perrbcoB
ToPical Vocabulary
.tationlnu.ter, tilcket cqllector,.inspector, porter, guard BrE
o^l!::i,
l. "fynep"
ss at her reasons for g to rain. Qrtapxa nbuecoca; frupueuuoe uaseauue) 2. pan. nu-
rccoc (tuo6oil) host [haust] ,t xo3tltH (no omuoweuun rc eocmn); hostess l'haustts] tt xo:sfirca increase ['rnlci:s] n yBerI,FIeIil4e, pocr; npilpocr, npu6aaneme; pice ltaxl wagd increases; - increase [rn'ki:s] v,yrenu'u.oam(cr), irouuuarr(cr); The price of oil inqeased" magician [m a' d3r[ nl n aonrue6nur, uar,'rapogefi
part,[po:t] pointout [' zrynnb.
the airPort.
ElAertrb (xaxoil-n' npeduem rc guide pointed out the most im-
portant buildings.
promote [pra'meut] v npoABl,Irar6, rIoBBIuIarb B 'q1a;g1e uru seauun; She worked hard ' and .oon was promoted; promotion [pia'maujn] x npoABr,txeHlle no clyx6e, uo. BBnueHI,Ie B AoJrxHocrl,t; The new job is a promotion for him. quarrel ['kwpral] n ccoPa; He didn't mention the quarrel with his wife; quarrel v ccopl{T6ct, 6pail.rtscr; He and I always quarrelled.'
501
rise lrarzt
,
noB6lruegxe, yBenrrleH[e; There has been a sharp rise
in the number of
people out ofwork.
snoip [snr:] vxparlerr, noxpanElBarE; I couldhearPaul snoringin thencxtroom. temper l'tempal n l. upan, xapaKrep 2. uactpoenug; to be in a good (bad) temper 6rrrr a xopotueru (nnoxou) HacrPoeHrl{ : temporsry ['tempraru] a upeuennnf,; tonporary work /success urge [r:d5] v no6yncaaru, y6etqar6, uamaueatr; She urged him to stay'
'
Unit 3E
altitude ['altitju:Ol z nucota, Bblcora Ha,q ypoBHeM
rr'rop.r;
We are flying at an alti-
;
tude of 6.000 metres.
rpprosc '
the
town
) [' belongings [brilorlrqz] n pl yeutu, npuuarlexnbcrl{; noxrtKll; I left my belongings in the hotel. boarding pass (card) n uocqgovHufi ralog cancel ['kanst] v annynupoBaT6, oTMeHtrB; All flights have been cancelled because of the weather; cancellation l,kensa'lerJnl n o'rMeHa' aurynlnpoBzlHre care [keeJ n sa1srq noEeqeHHe; to take care of sb saootilTuct o KoM-JI'; Who's taking care of the children while you're away? care [kea] v l. sa6m]trrcc (o xou-tr., o ieut); Shdmoved back home to care for (about) her elderly parents' 2. 6ecnoqTo roBoPcT. KOr{TbCr, BOJrHOBaTbcr; I don't care what people say. Mue Bce PaBHo, .charge tfo:dS] ,, IIeHa, nrrana (uacmo sa yatyzu); free of charge 6ecrinarso; charge ItIo:dll v HdrHaqarr, 3anpaulrBarb ueHy, fltary; RrlrMarb; What did they charge for the repairs? civil ['srvrl] 4 r-paxAancKltfi; civil rights /duties crew [kru:l lr eKurax frer- 6ecnournuHssrfi; to go customs ['knstamzl n
article
/to pasV to get / toms)T
[d declare ueum);
declare
th
nnf
araeMble [,dekle' nPaB 2.
anapufina.r clrryaw excess hk'sesl ,t [36brrox, I'l3JII'lIxeK; nPeBbilIueufie
npoclrlotp 2. (the Cus-
e); to do*Y(cus-
extinguish [Ik'strqgwlfl v ractrt6, Tyulrrb fasten- ['fo:sn] v cKperuItrb; 3aBt36IBar6; 3acreruBarb; Fasten your seatbelts, please! flpocr6a flpr{sre$ryrb pevnr'I! (e cauoaeme)
s02
flash [flajl ,r BcnbruKa, rprcnfi crcr; flash v scnrrxrra, r; irepraru, 6recrerr gsnglvsy l'geqwerl ,r cxoAHr, Tpan htnt fhrnt] z uaver;'hint v r{zMeKarr, inspect hn'spektl v ocnaarplrnaii, ocsn.qerenrcrBoBarb; to inspect'goods /food /cattle; inspection [rn'spekJn] r ooraorp; hucnerqru, npoBepKa label ['lelbl] ,r npnblK; orurerrai 6upra; to put labels on ond's lugga$e; label v npr.rKJreHBarb rpnbrrq err{Kerry; All the boxes were properly labelled. land flendl v npnoeuarrrcr, ,ueJrarb nocaAKy; The airliner landed safely; landing l'lendrr1] fl npr3eMrreHrre, nocaAKa;€mergency (forced) landing; soft landing list fltstl ,,l cnxcoK; a shopping /wine/ price list; to make a list of things to do; Is your name on the list?; list y nuocurr B cnr.rcoK, coclaBnrrr cnucoK; Wb were asked to list our ten favourite songs. obey [a'bet] v cJryrrrarrcr, floBnHoBarscr; to obey orders overweight [',auva'wert] a secru]rfi 6oruure uopuu prev€nt lprr'vent] v 1. npelo'rapaularb, npexyrpe)Krarb; to prevent an accident 2. (uacmo from) veruarr, nperrrrcrBoBarb, He .(onycKarb; Nothing will prevent me from doing this. press [pres] v l. xatr, HDKuMarb 2. uagrnr, yrroxr,rrb proceed [pra'si:d] v HATI{, HanpaBnrrbct promptly ['promptlt] adv 6ucrpo, HeMe.qreHHo, cpoqHo refrain [rr'frern] v cAepxr{Barbcr, yAepxr{Barlcr, Bo3.qepxr4Barf,cr; to refrain from doing sth
relief [rr'li :fl n o6lerueufie,
yrerueHr4e
residence ['rezrdens] 14 MecroxHreJrbcrBo runwsy ['rnnwer] n BorerHo-noca,qoqHafl noJroca; to be on the runway scales [skerlz] z eecrr slow down ['slau 'daun] pfu v cwoxarr exopocrr; He slowod down to 20 miles an hour. smuggle l'smngll y npoBo3urb roxrpa6aHgofi; to smuggle opium into a cou+try
spirits ['sprrrts] n alKorolb -
state [stelt] v rcrarart; rh.rwuru; Qoprymponau; The facts are clearly statod in ttre report take off l'terk 'pfl phr v atnerarb; orpbrBarbcr or 3eMrH wru Bortt; The plane takes off at six; take off n a6. rc,rer; cmpr; orpbrB or 3eMJrl taxl ['taksr] v (ntx taxi out) pylrrs, Bbrpynr{Barb; The aircraft taxied offthe field. The pilot began to taxi out into the middle of the airfield. termlnal ['ts:mrnll n xoHe.{Hufi nyHrcr; KoHeqHau- craritrt4s; Borcan; iDponopr underwelght l,nnda'wert] a nuercuufi HeAoBec, c HeAoBecoM whotto up? n .rer',r .tero? what's up with you? qro c to6o[? something is up .rro-ro Tyr HenB/lHo valid ['valrd] a np. Aelrcrwneruur-ril, nuerorqufi cutry; a ticket valid for three months . 6r.rJrgr AcilcrsureruHrtft Ha rpl4 Mectua visible l'vrzobll a suruustfr, rpurraufi; The house is clearly visible frpm the beach; .ylslblllty l,vrza'brlatr] z BlrArtMocrb; pooi /bad/ zero visibility; Visibility was
down to about 100 metres,in the fog.
Toplcal Vocabulary Abcruft:
aircrafi, acroplane BrE, airplane AmE, plane, airlincr, jetliner, jet plane, seaplane, pilot's cabin, eurergency exit, porthole, gangway 503
f I
People working on and with aeroplanes: crew, ground crew, air crew, cabin staff, pilot, captain, astronaut, cosmonaut, steward, stewardess (- air hostess) ; flier, flyer, customs officer (inspector), security guard
At the airport: airport, terminal, airfield, aerodrome, runway, departure lounge, departure gate, information desk, check-in-desk (: registration dest), currency -xchangg baggage reclaim BrE baggage claim AmE
Flights: '
domestic/international, non-stop, direct, smooth, rough Tickets: single (one-uiay), return (round-irip), a ticket to/for. .. I
Verbs and verb phrases:
to land, to take off, to make (a perfect) landing, to booVreserveu/ confinn/ cancel/ delay/ calllannounce a flight; to make/cancel/confirm a reservation, to check-in, to register, to travel/go economy/business class, to.label the luggage lbag+ageJ,to fasten seat bdlts, to get airsick, to be on the runway, to save time, to fly , to fly at a speed/a height/an altitude of... , to crash, to golpass through the customs (passport control, security check), to declare, to examinelinspect one's luggagg to fill in a form (an arrival card, a customs declaration), to pay duty on sth, to pay an excess luggage fare, to t'e dutiable, to be duty free, to be through with the (immigration and customs) formalities; to be overweight, to be underweight, (to be) on board the plane
I
i
would never happen again. household ['haushauld] n (4oruaurnde) xo:rfic,no; household a.4ouaurHnfi, ceueftuurfi; 6rrroeoil, ornocnqrfc.r K AoMalrHeMy xosrficrny; household goods (effects) npeAMerrr AoMarrrHero o6r,rxoga
a cocpegorouexuufi; npucraruHufi; intent look npncralrutrfi intently adv npucrutsuo; She looked at him intently. item ['artam] ,? BuA ToBapa, ToBap (omdemnoe Haui,teHoeaHue e accopmuuexme); intent [rn'tent]
Nouns and noun phrases: personal belongings (things, effects), duty free articles, hand luggage, luggage,tag: baggage check AmE, landing (smooth, rough), boarding, boarding gate, boarding pass, boarding time, take-off, civil/business passport, personal visit, passport control,
B3mr.u;
n3Aenr,re; Can I pay for each item separately? lazybones ['lerzrbauns] n pazz. neurnit, noAbrpr; Come on, lazybones, get up! loose Iu:sl rl Henpuneraroulr.rfi, rur.rpornfi; a loose jacket /coad shirt march [mo:d] v l. nrapurr.rponaTr; Soldiers were marching up and down outside the government buildings. 2. yno,lrarr; 3acraBr.qrb yfiTrr;. to march sb to the door /to the gate 3acraBr.rrl Koro-Jr. lrlrr.r K ABepn /r noporana/; to march sb out srmo.[r4rr,
security check, customs examination (inspection)
.
Unit 39
absent-minded [,ebsent'marndrd] a paccerHnufi; Grandpa's becoming quite absent-minded.
blind [blarnd] a cnenofi; colour blind ['knloblarnd] 4
He pa3nuqaroqufi qneror, " crpaAauqufi .4alsroHraruolr cash-desk l'kejdesk] n pac.retuar' racca (dnn yrutamd 3a notgnKu e uazasune); cashier [keIra] n Kaccup changing room ['tJerndgrn ,ru:m] n pa3AeBanr(a; noMeuleHile, r4e pa6our.re, cnoprcMe.Hbl r.r T.II. nepeoAeBaroTct
conservative [kan'sr:vatrv] c KoHcepBaruBnufi; cbnservative in tastes /in habits/ in views; Her style of dress was never conservative. cottort ['kptn] c xlonrourrft , xlonqaro6yuaxxrri department [dr'po:tmant] n orAeJr; ready-made clothes /clothes department or.qen roroeofi oAexAbr; footwear, millinery, knitted goods, leather goods, hosiery, haberdashery, cosmetics (departments) orAer6r: o6yB6, ronoBHue y6opu, TpHt(ortDK, KoxraraHTepe.s, qynKrr-HocKr,r, raJrar{reper, KocMeruKa; department store [dr'po tm ant,sb:] n yHuBepcarunnfi MarzBr4H, yHHBepMar :
s04
I'falnl n MoIa; syn. style; Take this coat. It's the latest fashion (style); in fashion B MoAe; Such shoes are in fashion now; out offashion He B More; This cut is out of fashion now; fashionable l'feJnabl] c uo4nrdi; fa3hionable clothes /furniturd ideais; It's becoming fashionable to have long hair again; old-fashioned [,auld'fafnd] d crapoMoAHlrfi, rrrue.4urufi r.r3 Morbr; old-fashioned clothes /styles/ methodV equipment fit [fIt] v noAxoAr.rrl, 6rns enopy; The'coat fits you. flaruro cr4lr4T Ha Bac xopouto; fitting room l'frtln ,ru:m] n rpr.rMepoqHat frock [frpk] 4 xeHcKoe unu Aetcnoe nnarbe; a light summer frock glance [glo:ns] v uenrxov BrnrHyrb; She glanced at her watch. goods [gudz] ,r roBap, roBapEU cheap /expensive goods; leather /cotton/ paper goods; electrical /sports goods go with phr v noaxoyr.rrB K qeMy-Jr., rapMoHr,rpoBarb c qeM-a.; The blue scarf goes well with your blouse. Salt doesn't go with tea. grumble ['grnmbl].v Bopqarb, xcauroBarbcs; grumble at /about, over/ sth xzrJroBarbct Ha qro-n.; to grumble at sb nopuarr Ha Koro-Jr. guarantee [,geran'ti:l v rapaHrHpoBarE; AaBaTB rapaHTr.ro; we cannot guarantee that our flights will never be delayed. This watch is guaranteed for two years; guarantee n tapalrrTrafi; half a year guarantee on the watch; He gave me a guarantee that it fashion
BbrnpoBalKr4BaTE Koro-JL
(
I
match [matJ] y
noAxo. ArrB lno4dupart noA flapy, nor crarb; coqerarb; The doors were painted blue to match the walls; a scarf with gloves to match mince [mrns] n r[apu; r,.rerro nopy6reHHoe Mrco, rpu6sr u m.n.; mince v i(pourlrrr,, p$arb Ha MeJrKrle rycru; minced a py6rcnui,r; minced meat neck [nek] n urer; necklinb ['neklarn] n nuper (y nnamar); a dress with a low /round/ nockline
nylon ['narlon] n Hefilon outfit ['autfrt] n o4ex4a, nonrufi KoMnJreKr oAexABr; a new spring outfit soguft ocesHafi ancau6.1r (o6wrcu. o trceubxoil odexde) owe [au] v 6nrs golxHrrM, 3a,qoJrxarb KoMy-rr.; She still owes her father f, 3000. She
still owes f, 3000 to her father. packet ['pakrt] n narvr; a packet ofbiscuits /cigarettes/ crisps pint [parnt] n flnri"ra (uepa o6ueua ctcudnnc u cbtny+tq men; aHzt . : 0,57 ,r. arvtep. : 0,47 tr. dtn tcudxoctneil u 0,55 ,t. dtn camyvux metr); a pint.of milk nl{Hra MonoKa polyester [,pDh'esta] n xuM. flonuequpHoe BonoKHo price tag ['pralsteg] ,r rpnBrK c yKa3aHneM qeH6l pullover ['pulauva] lr nynoBep, cBrrep
505
I I,
quart [kw]:tl n KBapra (e Anauu = 1,14 1., e Auepurce = 0,95 tt.) rapid ftreprdl a 6urcrpufi, cropsrfi; rapid change/growth; rapidly ['reprdlr] adv6ncryo receipt [rrlsi:t] n KBr4TaHriHr, p4crrucKa B norryqeHllu; r.eceipt'urrqarE pa0nlrcxyB non1rueHr,ril; pacnrlcarbcrB nolyrIeHIrLI; to receipt a bill pacnlca'rrcr ta'c'ri:re; nocraBl,trb Ha cqere urraun "norryveuo" refund [iri:fnndJ r rorBparr{.o"* iyru4i to demand /receive a refund; If there is a delay of 12 hours or ntore, you witl receive a full refund of the price of your trip. sandals ['sandlz] ,r caHranerrl; 6ocouoxru shade lferd] n l. renr; nonyMpaK; npoxnqAa; The ternperature can reach 40o C in the shade. 2. srreHorg roH; material in all shades ofblue rrcar+ scex mremcos cl,rHeno
,r,pyraB
sock [spkl
Hocox
,4
'.
sprat [sprat] n KrJrbKa, urlpor stock [stpk] ,r accoprr,IMenr (moeapoe); in stock B accoprl{MeHTe, o ualnvltu; This particular nlodel is not currently in stoik; out of stock pacnpoAaHo; stock v uverr B HarrhqHn, B npo.uoKe;
Do you stock gleen tea?
stocking ['stpkrq] ,, qynoK suit [sju:t] v tAATt ,6rrrr r nraqy; Blue suits you. You should wear it more often. tight ltart] c'recunfi, ysrcnfi; o6lenaroqnfi; She was wearing a tight pair of jeans. These shoes are much too tight.
tobacconist [ta'bakenrst] n
1.
ropnoreq ra6a.Ixstl4u
H3,qerI,IqMLl
2. tobacconist's (p/
tobacconists)'ra6aqnar rasra trust ltrnst] v AoBeptrb, BepLIrh; I don't trust him. try on ['trar 'on] v npr.u*.reprru; Try the shoes on before you buy them. tube ltj u: b] n rw6ur; a tube of toothpaste turn out ['tr:n 'aut] phr v crars, cAenarsct; oKatarBct; The job tumed out to be harder than we thought. It tumed out that she was a friend of niy sister. wrap [rep] v (mrc w.rrp up) o6epruaar6; 3aBeprblBars; I wrapped up the Chrishnas pr€senb;anr. unwrap pa3BegrB&nr; Don'tunwrap yourpresentuntil you birthday.
Topical Vocabulary Kinds of shops: store, department store, self-service (store), hypermarket, grocer's (g.oc".f'), baker's (bakery), greengroger's (greengroeery), butcher's' (butchery), confectioner's (confectionery), dairy, fi shmonger's (fi shmon: gery), sweet shop BrE, candy store AmE, draper's (drapery), hosiery, chemist's, pharmacy ^BrE; drugstore AmE,'tobacconist's,'florist's, toy shop, fumiture shop, re' cord shop, shoe shop, food shop, c;hina shop, boutique, stationer's (stationeryI news' agent's, nervsstand, newsstall, bookstall, jeweller's (ewellery); optician's superrrtarket,
mall AmE, store, gerteral
Depqftmals:
.
Persons shopping: shopper, customer, client
; I
Goodsfor sale: ready-made clothes, knitw goods, china and glass, el perfu mery, linen, outwear, ellery Kinds of clothes: coat, shirt, blouse, cardigan, sweater, skirt, suit, trousers, shorts, pullover, dressing-
gown,jerseSjeahs,T-shirt
.
Articles ol clothing: socks, stockings, scar{ muffler, kerchief gloves, mittens, tie, handkerchie{ tights, pyjamas, nightgown, underwear (undies) Parts of clothes: collar, sleevg belt
Footwear: slippers, sandals, sport shoes, walking shoes, court shoes, rubber boots, training shoes (trainers) Textiles: silk, cotton, velvet, woollen cloth
Jewellery: ring, bracelet, ear-rings, chain, brooch, necklace Prices: high, low, expensive, inexpensive, cheap, reasonable
Quattty: to be of bad/poor/higVfine quality to be good/excellent value worth the money it costs) to be bad/poor value ( not worth the money it costs)
:
(:
Verbs and verb phrases: to shop, to go shopping, to do the shopping, to buy, to sell, topay, to cost, to charge, to give a refund, to weigh, to serve, to display, to push (a trolley), to put on, to take ofi to try on, to wrap up (the purchase), tci make a shopping list, to afford (the price), to be in fashion, to be out offashion, to pinch, to be in stock, to bo out ofstock, to stand in a queug to be tight/loose, to suit,.to fit, to go with, to match, to wear (a) size 7, to take (a) size 6 in shoes, to pay ip caffiy credit card ,, . .,1.i. .
''
''
-'
Measures: .
(ready-made) iiothes, clothing, food, dnrg, book, music, shoe, footwear, habbrdashery, hosiery, china, second-hand, meo's, women's, children's, gift, sports goods' household goods, knitted goods, leather goods, jewellery, millinery
506
cart AmE, cash register,'cash desk, checkoirt, basket, scales, oom, changing room, shopping bag, carrier bag, information
lpsta
size lsatz] n pa3Mep; What size shoes / gloves do you wear? What size do you take in shoes /gloves? The jacket w3s the wrong size. It's not my Size. She's size.12 in clothes. The hats are ma{e in threg sizes: small, medium and large. She takes a size five in shoes. sleeve [sli:v]
l
Persons owning shops and seming* in shops: es) clerk lzE, salesman, saleswoman, salesgirl, ler, florist, fishmonger, baker, grocer, greengrodruggist AmE, haberdasher
kilo, half a kilo, pound (453,6 g), gram, ounce (oz) (28,35 gram), pint'(0.571 in the UK and 0.471 in the US), dozen
s07
I Ta6nr,rqa HenpaBlnbHsli rnaronoe, HeonpeAenennan Qopua
(The Infinitive) be [bi:]
Ilpourepruee
lfpuvacrre npo-
BpeMfl
ureAurero BpeMeHu
(Simnle Past) waVwere
OcHosHrre
come [knm]
cost [kost] cut [kntl deal [di:ll
dig [drg] do [du:] draw [do:] dream
[dri:m]
got [gD0 given [grvn]
AATb
gave
lgerv]'
born [br:n]
He6TU, pOAHTE
beat lbi:t] became Ibr'k'eIm]
beaten lbi:tn] become [bI'knm]
6rrr
hang [haql have lhevl hear [hra]
cTaTE, C.UeJraTECt
hide [hud]
hid [hrd]
hit [hrt]
begun Ibr'gnn]
HaqaTb
bitten Ibrtn], blown lblaunl broken ['braukanl
KycaTb
hit [hrt] hold [hauld] hurt [hr:t]
Iyr6
keep
[br'9en]
brought [brr:t]
built lbrlt] burnt [br:nt] bumed [br:nd] bought [br:t] caught [kr:t] ehose ltfauz] came lkerm] cost [kpst]
cut [knt] dealt [del0 dug [dng]
did [drd] drew [dru:] dreamt [dremt]
ldri:md]
bred lbredl brought [brr:t]
.built [brltl
(c)
louarr
cTpor.tTb
xeqb, ropeTb
caught Ikr:t] chosen [tJauzn] come lkrrm] cost lkpstl
JIOBI Tb
[hr:dl
held [heldl
hurt [hg:t] kept [kept] knew
[njul
gone [gon]
L'd.TU,KOAuTTB
grown [graun] hung [hn4]
pactu
had'[hadl heard [hr:d] hidden [hIdn] hit [hr]
UMET6
held [held] hurt [hr:t] kept [keptl known [neun]
BnceTB; troBec[TE CJIbIIIIAT6
npemrr(c.r) YAAPI,ITE
.qepxaTb
nplvlrurrr 6olr xpaur.116 3HAT6
laid Ierd] led iled] leant ilent]
laid [erd] led iledl
KJIaCTb, nOJIOXtftb
leant [ent]
orreperbcr, npn-
leaned
leaned
BCCTfi
learn
!r:nl
leamt
fli:ndl
|r:ntl
fli:ndl
learned
flr:ndl left ileft]
!r:ntl [r:nd] left [eft]
ygxaTE, ograaflrTb
lent Ient] let ilet]
IIO3BOfl'TB
learnt
)/tI14TB
learned
leave
nprftru
lend flendl let Iet]
lent flentl let flet]
lie flarl light flutl
lay
lit [ht]
lit Iht]
re*arb sancnrarr(cr), oc-
lose
lost Iost] made [merdl meant [ment] met [met] paid Iperd] put [put] read [red] rode Iraud]
lost ilpstl
TeprTB
made [merd] meant [mentl
.qeJraTb
CTOI,ITb
i
pe3arb
done ldanl
AEJIATb
drawn [drl:n]
TaqITr6; pxcoBaTB rpe3rTb, MeqTaTB
r,rMeTE
Ae'Io
KOnaTb
drunk [drnnk] driven ldrrvn]
nrtE
eat
ate
eaten
KyIUarb, ecrb
[i:tn]
heard
nonyqxTE
ar16parr
drank ldrank] drove [drauv]
letl
Ii:d] Ii:n]
went [went] grew [gru:] hung [ha4] had [had]
npocTr.rTb
CJIOHI,ITbC'
KyIIuTb
,cut [k^t] dealt [deltl dug [dngl
dreamt ldremt] dreamed [dri:md]
lead lean
npt{HecTr.r
burnt [bt:nt] burned [br:nd] bqught [br:t]
lki:p]
know [nau] lay flerl
BbIPAIIIH8AT6
drink [drr0k] drive [dralvl
rHaTb, exaTL
fall [fr:ll feed [fi:d] feel [fi:l]
fell [fel] fed lfedl felt [felt]
fdllen ['fi:lan] fed lfedl
nqlaT6
felt [feltl
qyBcTBoBaT6
fight [fat] find [fund] fly [flar] forbid [fa'btd]
foueht [f]:tl found [faund]
fought [fr:t] found lfaund]
cpDKaTbct Haxo.qlTB
flew lflu:] forbade [fa'betd]
flown lflaun]
JICTATb
forbidden lfa'brdn]
3anpeTr,rTb
508
3tlMep3rryTr,
bore [b::]
dreamed
Ii:t]
foigiven [fo'givnl frozen [freuzn]
grow [grau]
bit [brt] blew lblu:l broke [brauk] bred lbred]
buy [bat] catch lkeill choose [tJu:z]
forgave [fa'gerv] froze [frauz] . got [gDt]
6rrrr
bite [bat] blow lblau]
bring [brr4] build Ibtld] burn [bs:n]
forgive [fe'grv]
0afticiple II) lbi:n]
began
[bri:d]
ga6nrr
been
begin [br'grn]
breed
forgotten [fa'gotn]
give [grv] go [gau]
3HAqeHUC
lbr'knmI
break [brelkl
forgot [fe'got]
freeze lfri:zl get [9et]
lwozlwz:l bear [bea] beat lbi:t] becomo
forget [fa'getl
KOpMUTB
fli:vl
IeI]
lain flernl
oAoJDXXTb
BerqaTE
I
flu:zl
make [merkl mean,[mi:n] meet
[mi:t]
pay [per] put [put] read [ri:d]
'
ride Irard] ring [nq] rise [rarz] run [ran]
rang [rar1]
noAp4!yr!teBarB
met-[met] paid Iperd] put [put]
NTATUTb
read [red]
quTaT6
ridden [rIdn] rung [rn4]
3BOHI'Tb
BCTpgrI{TB KJIACT6
e3.qr{Tb BepxoM
rose lrauz]
risen [rrzn]
no.llH'TBct
run [rnn] said [sed]
6exa,r
say [ser]
ran [ren] said [sed]
see
saw
seen
Bn/qeTb
lsi:]
[sr:]
[si:n]
roBopr{TB, cKa[laTb
sell [sel]
sold lseuldl
sold [sauld]
npoAaBaTr.
send lsendl
sent [sent]
sent lsentl
IIOCJIATB
509
ill,t set
set
lsetl
set
[setl
sewed{saudl.
sew lsaul
"'
shake [JdIk] shave [Jew] '.
dhook[J'ukl":'
rr
sewed lsaud] sewn [saun] shaken [Terkan]
"shav&f{Jervd}' :. .
. ri
r.
I
ycTaHaBtilBaTb
[setl
Cnncor rcnonb3oBexxo& nnreparypsl
IlI'IT6 I )
Sprtrr(cr)
llervdl
shavan{Jetynl . '
l
EoHr H.A., JIesnHa H.H., EoHr H.A. AurnuRcKufi ruar 3a [aroM. M.,2006. Bn6opHona It., Maxryryp.rri K,, Mcruzna O. Easy Englistr- M., 2001.
A.A., Caar.rn A.C. Alrrmdcxar rpaMMarnxa B ra6lruIax. M., 2005. KopHeeaa E.A., Barpalroaa H.B., tlapexona E.II. flparrr.ma aHr-nuficroro mura..Cfl6., 2005. Idottu,rna
shorie [Jonl shot [fot]
ghone [Jon] shot [Int]
cBeTuTb, cI,ItTE
shorred [Jaudl
shown [Jaun]
shut[ftt]'r'
shutUrtl:
'shut
.3Ar(pbrBarb
sing[sIq] sink [stqkl
sang sank
sit [srtl
sat
sleep [sli:pl speak [spi:k] spend lspendl
slept lslept] spoke [spauk] speni [spent]
slept [slept]
CIlATB
spoken ['spaukan] spent Ispent]
roqoplfrb TPaTI{rE
flasroqxrfi B.M. Read. Leam. Discuss. CII6.,2001. Ilparruuecrr.rft rypc anuuficroro mura /nog pea. B.,{.ApaKr{Ha. t{. l. M.,
spil [spr[
spilt [sptlt]
spilt [sptltl spilled [spIld] stood lstud] stolen Istaulen] struck [str k] swept [swept]
npojnl{Tb
2001.
ME9TI,I
t970. Collins Cobuild Intermediate English Grammar. HarperCollins Publishers,
swum lswnm]
NJl6ITB
2005.
asetr,6patr yvurr, o6yratr
Cook J.L., Getlin A., Unsworth B. The Students' Book of English. Oxford,
PBar6 paccKa36lBar6, CKa-
Dooley J., Evans V. Grammarway 3. Express Publishing, 2000. Evans V. Round-Up 4,5,6. Longman, 2002. Evans V. Dooley J. Enterprise l, 3. Express publishing, 2000. Evans V., Dooley J. Readlng & Writing Targets 1, 2. Express Publishing,
shine [Jarn] shoot [fu:t] show [Iau]
,
,-
stand [stend] steal [sti:l]
strike [stralk] sweep [swi:pl
swim [swrml take [te*l teach [tl:tJ]
lftt]
'rui
[set]
,
[sweft] [swernl took [tuk] swept swam
lsatl '
taken
rpyr(atLct -
lterkanl
taught
[tr:tl
teai [tea]
taught [b:t] tore [t):]
tell [tel]
told ltauld]
torn [o:n] told [tauldl
think [Otqkl throw [0rau] understand
thought [Or:t] threw [0ru:] understood
thouglrt [0r:t] thrown [0raunl understood
[nnda'stendl
[nnda'stud]
[nnda'stud]
upset [np'set]
upset InP'setl
wake lweIk] wear [weal
flqerxa A., fl.relra H. Auunficrnft qgrrx s ra6flr.ruax tl cxeM€x. Mu.,2007. cTo.trTb
Byrne D. The Elements of Indirect Speech: In Tablep and.Exercises. London,
yKPacrb yAapraT
r,6r.rm
198
,uyMarE
6pocutr
l.
NOHI{MATL
1998.
upset [np'set]
onpoxranyrr(cr); paccrpalrBarl
Foley M., Hall D. Total English. Longman, 2005. Molinsky S.J., Blisi B. Side by Side. Teacher's guide. Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
woke [wauk]
woken ['waukanl
npocblnarbct,
wore [wr:l won [wnnl worind lwaund]
wom [wr:nl
Hocnrl
won [wnnl wound lwaund]
BErr{fpaJ6
6Y-
AInTb
wind lwarndl
KprrRosa E.B.
OsaAenxo O.H. 600 ynpaxHeHr.rfi rro rpaMMarxxe aHmllficxoro r3r,rxa. Mu., 2005.
_
CUIETE
3aTb
win [wtn]
lI,fL,
Asuuftcrar rpaMMarnKa AJr{ Bcex. M. 1989. Hosuil 6oruruofi aHrno-pyccKr.tfi clonapr / uog peA. IO.[.Anpecrua u 9.M. MeAnrxosofi. M.,1997. Kprlnoaa
ngrL ofiycKarbc{,
s-ung
lsarjkl
.
r
IIoKa3bIBar6 .)
[san]sunk [sn0k]
[saol.
spilled [sptld] stood lstud] stole [staul] struck tstrakl
cTP:nrrl ;
(odectcdY)
zarrr,lrrc(naeaurcn) NI,ICATE
r
983.
Murphy R. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press, 2006. Oxford Advariced Learner's Dictionary. Oxford Universify Press, 2001 . Mc.Arthur T. Longrnan Lexicon of Contempor.aryEnglish. Longman, 1999. Richards J.C., Hull J. Interchange. Cambridge University Press, 1999. Soars Liz & John. Headyay Elementary. Oxford, 1996. VinceM. Elcrnentary Language Practice. Macmillan; 2003.
Watcyr-Jones P. Penguin Functional English: Impact. London, 1982.
s10
511
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.
flo eonpocy nocrarox 6elopyccxttx rcrm n Poccno o6parrlarr'cg
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"Marrnta-M".
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KAuxHrrfi r{Hreprrer-Marasurr
,
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ttp://www.li tera.by
Yqe6uoe usdaHue
XpucropourAecrBeucKafl Jlu4us, llanroeHa
IIAIIHI4 f
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IIO.AIII JIIII4 CKII
Start Speaking English VlureircllBrrrrfi xypc
OreercreeHHbrfi 3a BbrnycK C. B.llpotgxo KonanunrepHafl BepcrKa E. M. l-laenoecKoil
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