Spon's African Construction Cost Handbook

Spon’s African Construction Costs Handbook

Second edition

E & FN SPON An imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

Also available from Taylor & Francis **Spon’s Middle East Construction Costs Handbook** Franklin + Andrews Hb: 0-415-36315-2 Taylor & Francis **Spon’s Irish Construction Price Book** Franklin + Andrews Hb: 0-415-344093 Spon Press **Spon’s Railways Construction Price Book** Franklin + Andrews Hb: 0-415-326230 Spon Press **The Presentation and Settlement of Contractor’s Claims** Geoffrey Trickey, Mark Hackett Hb: 0-419-205004 Spon Press

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Spon’s African Construction Costs Handbook Edited by FRANKLIN + ANDREWS

First edition 2000 published by E&FN Spon Second edition published 2005 by Taylor & Francis 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Taylor & Francis 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Taylor & Francis is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group © 2000, 2005 Franklin + Andrews The right of Franklin + Andrews to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Publisher’s note This book has been produced from camera-ready copy supplied by the authors British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book. ISBN 0-415-36314-4 (Print Edition)

Contents Preface Acknowledgements Users guide Conversion factors

vii viii ix x

SECTION ONE : REGIONAL OVERVIEW Map Spon’s African cost database

2 3

SECTION TWO : INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES Introductory notes to individual countries Introduction Key data Construction cost data Exchange rates and inflation values Useful addresses

9 9 9 9 11 12

Individual countries Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

13 37 61 85 109 133 157 181 207 231 257 283 307

vi

African Construction Costs Handbook

SECTION THREE : COMPARATIVE DATA Introductory notes Key national indicators Population Geography Economy Construction cost data Bricklayer and unskilled labour costs Material costs – Cement and concrete aggregates Material costs – Ready mixed concrete and steel reinforcement Material costs – Solid and hollow concrete blocks Material costs – Sheet glass and plasterboard Material costs – Emulsion paint and quilt insulation Approximate estimating – Car parks and petrol stations Approximate estimating – Factories and warehouses Approximate estimating – Offices and shops Approximate estimating – Hospitals and schools Approximate estimating – Sports halls and hotels Approximate estimating – Housing Index

333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349

Preface This publication is one of a number of volumes which have been compiled in an endeavour to address a need in the construction industry for information relating to individual countries within a specific continent. This volume presents profiles for a selection of country locations within Africa in an individual and comparative format to allow evaluation of each country in isolation and in relation to the other countries within that continent. Comparative data for the UK is also included. The publication has been prepared as a convenient reference point for those involved in construction including developers, contractors and suppliers who wish to become involved in the industry in that region of the world. It provides an introductory synopsis of the construction activities relevant to a specific region within the African continent together with the domestic profile of each country.

Acknowledgements The information for the various countries that has been provided within this publication has been gathered from a wide variety of sources and due acknowledgement is given to all those organisations, publications and individuals each of whose contribution has enabled the production of this volume. Important sources of a general financial nature have been prepared by reference to the various reports from international bank facilities and from government intelligence statistics offices.

Publication users guide The publication is divided into three sections: – Part One: Regional Overview, Part Two: Individual Countries and Part Three: Comparative Data. There are thirteen individual countries covered by this volume each one of which is specifically covered in Part Two and compared collectively in the third section. The UK is included to allow for comparative benchmarking.

Part One: Regional Overview This section provides an introduction to and an overview of the region giving basic details to allow a feel for the area. It presents key characteristics such as population, land area and GDP for each country and also provides membership data of various organisations.

Part Two: Individual Countries Part Two covers each of the countries individually in the following format: • • • •

Key data Construction cost data Exchange rates and inflation Useful addresses

Part Three: Comparative data Part Three collects the data from Part Two and presents it on comparative bases allowing a view of each country in terms of its relationship with the others in the form of descriptive text and tables. The individual tables provide general data comparisons in accordance with the following: • Key data • Construction output • Construction cost data

Conversion Factors Conversion table Metric unit

Abbreviation

Imperial equivalent

1 millimetre 1 metre

1 mm 1m

1 kilometre

1 km

0.039 3.281 1.094 0.621

1 square millimetre 1 square metre

1 mm2 1 m2

1 hectare

1 ha

1 cubic metre

1 m3

1 litre

1l

5 litres

5l

1 kilogram 50 kilograms

1 kg 50 kg

1 tonne 1 kilogram per metre

1t 1 kg/m

1 kilogram per square metre

1 kg/m2

1 kilogram per cubic metre

1 kg/m3

Force

1 newton 1 kilonewton

1N 1 kN

0.225 lbf 224.809 lbf 0.100 36 tonf

Pressure

1 newton per square millimetre

1 N/mm2

1 kilonewton per square metre

1 kN/m2

145.038 lbf/in2 0.145 lbf/in2 20.885 lbf/ft2 0.009 tonf/ft2

1 kilojoule

1 kJ

Length

Area

Volume

Weight

Energy (work, heat)

in ft yd mile

0.001 55 in2 10.764 ft2 1.196 yd2 11.960 yd2 2.471 acre 35.315 ft3 1.308 yd3 1.760 pint 0.220 UK gal 1.100 UK gal 2.205 lb 110.231 lb 0.984 cwt 0.984 ton 0.672 lb/ft 2.016 lb/yd 0.205 lb/ft2 1.843 lb/yd2 0.062 lb/ft3 1.686 lb/yd3

0.948 Btu

Imperial unit

Abbreviation

Metric equivalent

Length

1 1 1 1

inch foot yard mile

1 1 1 1

in ft yd mile

25.400 mm 304.800 mm 0.914 m 1.609 km

Area

1 1 1 1

square inch square foot square yard acre

1 1 1 1

in2 ft2 yd2 acre

645.160 mm2 0.093 m2 0.836 m2 4,046.856 m2 0.405 ha

Volume

1 1 1 1 1

cubic inch cubic foot cubic yard pint UK gallon

1 1 1 1 1

in3 ft3 yd3 pint UK gal

16,387.064 mm3 0.028 m3 0.765 m3 0.568 litre 4.546 litre

Weight

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

pound hundredweight ton pound per foot pound per yard pound per square foot pound per square yard pound per cubic foot pound per cubic yard

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

lb cwt ton lb/ft lb/yd lb/ft2 lb/yd2 lb/ft3 lb/yd3

0.454 kg 50.802 kg 1.016 tonne 1.488 kg/m 0.496 kg/m 4.882 kg/m2 0.542 kg/m2 16.018 kg/m3 0.593 kg/m3

Force

1 pound force 1 ton force

1 lbf 1 tonf

4.448 N 9.964 kN

Pressure

1 pound force per square inch

1 lbf/in2

1 pound force per square foot 1 ton force per square foot

1 lbf/ft2 1 tonf/ft2

0.007 N/mm2 6.895 kN/m2 0.048 kN/m2 107.252 kN/m2

1 British thermal unit

1 Btu

1.055 kJ

Energy (work, heat)

SECTION ONE REGIONAL OVERVIEW

AFRICA

Spon’s African Cost Database Introduction This book contains construction related and general information for thirteen countries located on the African continent. Africa itself is the second largest continent after Asia and supports almost one tenth of the world’s population with many different languages and cultures. The publication also includes UK information for comparative purposes. Included in this publication is South Africa, a country that is known as the economic powerhouse of Africa and one which has a well-developed infrastructure, a growing manufacturing sector and the potential to develop a strong building and tourism industry. Also included is Chad, a country that is expected to become one of the world’s fastest growing economies in 2004. Africa, as a continent, is rich in a diverse range of resources. Most of the individual countries rely heavily on the oil industry as their main contribution to GDP. Precious stones and semi-precious stones are other main resources available in this part of the world, along with basic commodities such as coal, timber resources and the like. The global economy has become well established over the past year and this has favoured growth of the African economy. In addition, this growth has been underpinned by a variety of country specific developments including large increases in oil production and recoveries of agricultural output from the drought-affected depressed levels. Africa is potentially a vast construction market but it is not the same scenario for all countries. The conditions vary greatly from country to country and also there are significant differences in construction costs between the various regions in the same country, for example Nigeria. Companies investing in new facilities often encounter pressure from within the country to help improve that country’s infrastructure as a means of gaining local approval of new constructions. This often results in companies being encouraged to invest in new desperately needed social and healthcare facilities, the contribution cost of which inevitably has to be factored into long term investment plans. It should be stressed that the construction costs provided for each of the selected countries are the prices from the survey data and can vary

4

Regional Overview

substantially. Attention must be given to conditions of the particular country, local market conditions and the nature of the projects when using the data contained in this handbook. Table 1.A lists the particular countries and highlights membership of various international groups such as the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and the Franc Zone (FZ).

Table 1.A: Membership of international organisations Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania Zambia Key:

COMM

x

x x x x x x x

OAU

ECOWAS

FZ

x x x x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

COMM – Commonwealth (Evolved from British Empire) OAU – Organization of African Unity ECOWAS – Economic Community of Western African States FZ – Franc zone IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency

IAEA x x x x

x

x x x x x

Spon’s African Cost Database

5

The next table, Table 1.B, highlights the key characteristics of each of the countries included in the volume. In terms of total population for each of the various countries, the range is from 1.4 million in Gabon to approximately 137.3 million in Nigeria. The smallest country in terms of physical area is The Gambia with Algeria being the largest with an overall area of almost 2.4 million square kilometres. The column displaying population per square kilometre indicates the density of The Gambia at 150 inhabitants per square kilometre whereas, on the other hand, Gabon has a population density of 5.4 persons per square kilometre.

Table 1.B: Key characteristics of countries

Country

Population mn

Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

32.1 16.1 9.5 1.4 20.8 9.2 32.0 137.3 10.9 42.7 36.6 1.5 11.0

Land area km2

Population per km2

GDP US$bn (PPP basis) 2003

2,381,740 469,440 1,259,200 257,667 230,940 245,857 569,250 910,768 192,000 1,219,912 886,037 10,000 740,724

13.5 34.3 7.5 5.4 90.1 37.4 56.2 150.8 56.8 35.0 41.3 150.0 14.9

196.0 27.8 10.7 7.3 44.4 19.0 33.0 114.8 17.1 456.7 21.6 2.6 8.6

Source: Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook PPP – Purchasing Power Parity

GDP per capita US$ (PPP basis) 2003 6,000 1,800 1,200 5,500 2,200 2,100 1,000 900 1,600 10,700 600 1,700 600

SECTION TWO INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES

Introductory notes to individual countries Introduction This section of the publication deals with the thirteen countries in country name alphabetical order and presents regional data under five main headings: Key data, Country profile, Construction cost data, Exchange rates and inflation, and Useful addresses. These notes introduce the five information sets for each country which provides for comparative analyses.

Key data The Key Data information sheet at the beginning of each country section provides general statistics for population, geography, transportation, economy and construction. The data has been collated from various sources including the EIU, World Bank and UN among others. In view of a lack of statistics in respect of the construction industry it has not been able to completely deliver a full overview of the situation.

Construction cost data The information provided in this section presents typical construction cost data for a range of resources, unit rates and approximate estimating rates for various forms of construction. The approximate estimating section provides a representative overview of expected charges for a range of facility types. It is advised that extreme caution is used in the use of any construction cost data presented here. In view of differing construction requirements for individual country regions and the availability of resources comparison on a like for like basis may not be possible.

10

Individual countries

Labour, plant and material costs A selection of resources covering labour, plant and materials is provided for each country location. These rates are considered to be typical for construction projects situated in and around capital locations where the supply of such resources would be readily available. The labour rates are charge out costs per day for a selection of artisans and general labour. The cost to the employer including all mandatory taxes and obligations has been included. A reasonable uplift has also been added to cover travel time and fares, lodging and general subsistence, insurance liabilities, incentive payments and employment taxes. Taxes, other than those specific to employment requirements, have not been included, expressly any value added taxes which may be country specific.

Unit rates The unit rates provided in this section are a practical assessment of the costs of common construction activities for a reasonably large building project in and around a populous region, generally within the boundaries of a major or capital city location. The rates will generally include all necessary labour, plant and material resources at charge out costs, including a sensible and competitive profit element. Preliminary and general items such as site set-up, access equipment and the like have not been included and would need to be assessed on a project specific basis. The rates are presented in local currency as well as equivalents in UK £ Sterling, US Dollar and the Euro. All rates are based on third quarter 2004 levels.

Exchange Rates and Inflation Values

11

Approximate estimating Facility construction costs on a unit area basis are indicated in this section of the publication and are typical for the type of facility indicated. The method of measurement used relates to Gross Floor Area (GFA) and are for internal areas of the facility type measured inside external walls but excluding the area taken up by all internal partitions, columns, projections and such like. As for all costs and financial construction data in this publication value added or similar tax obligations have been excluded. The approximate estimating rates are only intended to provide information for similar facility types and are not intended to reflect exact construction specifications but to relate to the provision of a like facility entity. Differing construction designs detailing throughout the various countries are to be expected for similar function categories although the end use will be the same. Each country will optimise the use of local labour, plant and materials as available in order to restrict imported goods and services.

Exchange Rates and Inflation Values Exchange rates The exchange rates between the various currencies will reflect relative values of construction costs but should not be considered as an accurate guide to comparative rates between the individual countries. Exchange rates for the individual countries can fluctuate considerably and no one country has a stable currency for any real length of time. Exchange rate fluctuations are extremely complex and are no ready guide to real situations. Politics and government involvement and intervention can distort the true value of any country’s financial state. Any direct comparisons between individual countries cannot be considered a fair reflection of comparative costs. Exchange rate values for the past five or six years are provided in the form of a graph with values against three other currencies; UK £ Sterling, US Dollar and, since its introduction, the Euro. Some currencies are pegged at US Dollar values and would take the form of a straight line when displayed on a comparative graph. Indicating no movement at all between the two currencies. The vertical scale, or y-axis, on the graph has been adjusted in order to accommodate the magnitude of the local currency for that graphic display.

12

Individual countries

Inflation values The inflation values indicate the Consumer Price Index, or CPI, value for each country over a period of five or six years. These rates reflect price changes in a selection, or basket, of common goods available for the domestic market and have been selected to reflect the cost variations of basic goods and services to suit a typical family. Any variations over a period are an indication of how prices change and affect the cost of living. A rise in inflation effectively reduces the purchasing power of the local currency within its own domestic market and results in increased basic living costs. The graphs display the movement in a country’s individual and local inflation circumstance and are provided here to give some insight into the country’s own domestic situation. Living cost adjustments are not an effective form of comparison to a country’s industrial market. Political and governmental intervention which may be determined in order to raise domestic taxes may not affect the cost of industrial consumer goods.

Useful Addresses At the end of each country section there is a list of addresses and contact numbers for a selection of various governmental, professional and other miscellaneous bodies, which may prove useful.

Algeria ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

32.1 million 59% 30% 5% 1.3%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

2,381,740 sq km 3.5% Algiers 1.7 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products condensate natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

3,973 km 71,656 km 32,344 km n.a. 6,496 2,213 1,344 87,347

km km km km 13 59 ships Algiers-Houari Boumedienne Airport

Economy Monetary unit Algerian Dinar Exchange rate £ Stg 134.6 US $ 72.8 Euro 93.2 Yen (×100) 68.6 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 2.7% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 3.8% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2002) DZD4,455 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$196 billion GDP per capita (2002) DZD138,785 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$6,000 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 4.0% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP 41.1% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP 14.1% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 24.8%

Construction Gross value of construction output (2002) Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook The World Bank National Office of Statistics, Algeria All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

AD1,034 billion 23.2%

Country profile

15

Country profile Algeria is located in North Africa and has a coastline to the Mediterranean Sea of almost 1,000 km. It is bordered by Tunisia and Libya in the east, Niger and Mali in the south, Mauritania and Western Sahara in the west and Morocco in the north-west. The country is divided into four main regions, each of which is of a distinct physical appearance, i.e. the northern Tell region, the High Plateaux, the Saharan Atlas and the Algerian Sahara Desert. The High Plateaux contains the country’s arable land within its valley regions. The climate varies from temperate Mediterranean in the north with warm summers and rainy winters to the Sahara region in the south with daily temperature extremes, wind and great aridity. During the summer a hot and dry sirocco wind blows north from the Sahara bringing blinding sand and dust storms to the coastal region. Annual rainfall in the High Plateaux and Sahara Atlas ranges from about 200 to 400 mm and less than 130 mm in the Sahara itself. The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria has been an independent state since 1962 when French rule ceased and it has 48 provinces, or wilayas, with a socialist legal system based on French and Islamic law. The legislative powers lie with a bicameral parliament consisting of the National People's Assembly, or Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani, which has 389 seats whose members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms and the Council of Nations, the Upper House, which has 144 seats. Algeria is a member of the United Nations, the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries, an observer of the World Trade Organisations, the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), and a member of other major international organisations. The country assumed a two-year seat on the UN Security Council in January 2004. The principal religion is Islam consisting of mainly Sunni Muslims, with a minority of Christians and Jews. The official language is Arabic with Berber and French also spoken in business. The Algerian construction industry has an estimated shortage of two million houses, which is primarily caused by its strong demographic growth and the state intervention housing policy. These projects require large investments and provide plenty of opportunities for foreign partnership.

16

Algeria

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs throughout the northern area of Algeria and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay (per day or month) and the financial cost of that labour to the employer’s. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employee’s expenses, holidays, insurance, and other mandatory and voluntary contributions. Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

863.38 1,021.50 1471.02 1241.60 1471.02 1241.60 1471.02 1471.02 1471.02 1358.63 1471.02 1021.50 1471.02 1358.63 1471.02 1826.11 1826.11

6.02 7.12 10.26 8.66 10.26 8.66 10.26 10.26 10.26 9.47 10.26 7.12 10.26 9.47 10.26 12.73 12.73

11.51 13.62 19.61 16.55 19.61 16.55 19.61 19.61 19.61 18.11 19.61 13.62 19.61 18.11 19.61 24.34 24.34

8.66 10.24 14.75 12.45 14.75 12.45 14.75 14.75 14.75 13.62 14.75 10.24 14.75 13.62 14.75 18.31 18.31

Construction cost data

17

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site in the northern-most region of Algeria, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance and also exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

2,528.47 2,112.63 841.03 1,195.56

17.63 14.73 5.86 8.34

33.70 28.16 11.21 15.94

25.35 21.18 8.43 11.99

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

1,181.90 2,113.86 455.19

8.24 14.74 3.17

15.75 28.18 6.07

11.85 21.19 4.56

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

2,874.90 2,123.41 1,763.18

20.05 14.81 12.30

38.32 28.30 23.50

28.82 21.29 17.68

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

203.53 328.74 2,936.73

1.42 2.29 20.48

2.71 4.38 39.14

2.04 3.30 29.44

18

Algeria

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site in the northern-most region of Algeria, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading as necessary.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

1,696.46 1,523.60 1,355.09 1,221.51

11.83 10.62 9.45 8.52

22.61 20.31 18.06 16.28

17.01 15.27 13.58 12.25

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

684.55 1,661.56 3,159.72 1,116.80 1,919.68

4.77 11.59 22.03 7.79 13.39

9.12 22.15 42.12 14.89 25.59

6.86 16.66 31.68 11.20 19.24

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

8,018.28 8,348.63

55.91 58.22

106.87 111.28

80.38 83.69

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

52,329.16 51,498.41 50,113.84 49,744.62 49,421.56 54,989.30 54,159.37 52,776.16 52,361.20 52,084.55 54,075.43 601.78

364.91 359.12 349.46 346.89 344.63 383.46 377.67 368.03 365.13 363.20 377.09 4.20

697.49 686.42 667.96 663.04 658.73 732.95 721.88 703.45 697.92 694.23 720.77 8.02

524.59 516.26 502.38 498.68 495.44 551.25 542.93 529.07 524.91 522.14 542.09 6.03

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

28,791.63

200.77

383.76

288.63

669.21 794.51 978.04 756.36 789.49 853.98

4.67 5.54 6.82 5.27 5.51 5.96

8.92 10.59 13.04 10.08 10.52 11.38

6.71 7.96 9.80 7.58 7.91 8.56

Tonne 11,268.19 Tonne 1,436.00 m3 10,764.03

78.58 10.01 75.06

150.19 19.14 143.47

112.96 14.40 107.91

Tonne 124,137.01 Tonne 126,444.11 Tonne 119,305.44 Tonne 121,713.70 Tonne 121,713.70 Tonne 126,475.58 Tonne 124,137.01 Tonne 131,866.51 Tonne 129,327.99

865.65 881.74 831.96 848.75 848.75 881.96 865.65 919.55 901.85

1,654.61 1,685.36 1,590.21 1,622.31 1,622.31 1,685.78 1,654.61 1,757.63 1,723.80

1,244.44 1,267.57 1,196.01 1,220.15 1,220.15 1,267.89 1,244.44 1,321.93 1,296.48

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

201.43 246.43 66.55

1.40 1.72 0.46

2.68 3.28 0.89

2.02 2.47 0.67

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

1,230.84 1,919.64 2,780.37

8.58 13.39 19.39

16.41 25.59 37.06

12.34 19.24 27.87

Price Material resources

Unit

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

590.89 993.55 522.63

4.12 6.93 3.64

7.88 13.24 6.97

5.92 9.96 5.24

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

4,995.39 3,950.73 6,592.09

34.83 27.55 45.97

66.58 52.66 87.87

50.08 39.61 66.08

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

125.08

0.87

1.67

1.25

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

97.29

0.68

1.30

0.98

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

659.20

4.60

8.79

6.61

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

3,841.18 3,114.14

26.79 21.72

51.20 41.51

38.51 31.22

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

26,546.75 30,870.53 37,165.85

185.12 215.27 259.17

353.84 411.47 495.38

266.12 309.47 372.58

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

4,687.27 13,378.72 9,830.43 11,518.39

32.69 93.29 68.55 80.32

62.48 178.32 131.03 153.53

46.99 134.12 98.55 115.47

Thermal and moisture protection

75,575.76 129,494.83

527.02 1,007.34 757.63 903.01 1,726.02 1,298.15

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Dinar

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

356.17

2.48

4.75

3.57

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

4,348.01 2,908.78

30.32 20.28

57.95 38.77

43.59 29.16

2,473.37 3,154.76 3,205.09 3,205.09

17.25 22.00 22.35 22.35

32.97 42.05 42.72 42.72

24.79 31.63 32.13 32.13

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

22

Algeria

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

177.46

1.24

2.37

1.78

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

818.02

5.70

10.90

8.20

m

489.50

3.41

6.52

4.91

m3 m3

2,522.63 3,483.92

17.59 24.29

33.62 46.44

25.29 34.93

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

896.86 2,132.79 4,031.51

6.25 14.87 28.11

11.95 28.43 53.74

8.99 21.38 40.41

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

1,501.56 3,781.15

10.47 26.37

20.01 50.40

15.05 37.91

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

10,682.55 10,194.20

74.49 71.09

142.39 135.88

107.09 102.19

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

10,800.66 10,759.22 10,263.62

75.32 75.03 71.57

143.96 143.41 136.80

108.27 107.86 102.89

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

11,283.37 11,246.89

78.68 78.43

150.39 149.91

113.11 112.75

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

12,097.02 11,628.92 11,319.81

84.36 81.09 78.94

161.24 155.00 150.88

121.27 116.58 113.48

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

77,327.15 73,530.10 68,900.18 66,070.24 63,698.56

539.23 1,030.69 512.75 980.07 480.47 918.36 460.73 880.64 444.19 849.03

775.19 737.12 690.71 662.34 638.56

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

80,519.32 76,723.25 72,094.96 69,210.13 66,894.16

561.49 1,073.23 535.02 1,022.64 502.74 960.95 482.63 922.49 466.48 891.62

807.19 769.13 722.73 693.82 670.60

Unit Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

1,141.22 1,315.74 1,570.78

7.96 9.18 10.95

15.21 17.54 20.94

11.44 13.19 15.75

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

162,303.84 1,131.80 2,163.33 1,627.06 168,235.78 1,173.17 2,242.40 1,686.52

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

161,309.34 1,124.87 2,150.07 1,617.09 161,481.79 1,126.07 2,152.37 1,618.82

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

292.20 351.75

2.04 2.45

3.89 4.69

2.93 3.53

m2 m2 m2

1,668.38 2,572.78 3,701.17

11.63 17.94 25.81

22.24 34.29 49.33

16.73 25.79 37.10

m2 m2

7,194.77 3,110.22

50.17 21.69

95.90 41.46

72.13 31.18

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

465.98 607.04 1,015.95

3.25 4.23 7.08

6.21 8.09 13.54

4.67 6.09 10.18

m2

5,838.90

40.72

77.83

58.53

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

215.58 228.62 217.21 325.82

1.50 1.59 1.51 2.27

2.87 3.05 2.90 4.34

2.16 2.29 2.18 3.27

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

220.47 236.78 226.99 233.51

1.54 1.65 1.58 1.63

2.94 3.16 3.03 3.11

2.21 2.37 2.28 2.34

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description Dinar

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

156,606.36 195,060.87 310,104.54 376,253.83

1,092.07 1,360.23 2,162.47 2,623.75

2,087.39 2,599.94 4,133.35 5,015.05

1,569.94 1,955.44 3,108.72 3,771.85

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

155,328.65 316,210.73 521,221.43

1,083.16 2,205.05 3,634.66

2,070.36 4,214.74 6,947.30

1,557.13 3,169.94 5,225.12

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

4,446.67 8,075.29

31.01 56.31

59.27 107.63

44.58 80.95

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

37,554.59

261.88

500.56

376.48

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

19,136.09

133.44

255.06

191.83

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

24,797.19

172.92

330.52

248.59

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

37,088.11 73,315.17

258.63 511.25

494.34 977.21

371.80 734.97

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

37,076.19

258.55

494.18

371.68

Unit

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

770.37

5.37

10.27

7.72

m m

1,174.63 1,451.37

8.19 10.12

15.66 19.35

11.78 14.55

m

1,396.96

9.74

18.62

14.00

Nr Nr

4,456.75 6,912.64

31.08 48.20

59.40 92.14

44.68 69.30

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Dinar

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

502.42 886.40 1,182.94

3.50 6.18 8.25

6.70 11.81 15.77

5.04 8.89 11.86

Nr Nr

678.71 1,985.51

4.73 13.85

9.05 26.46

6.80 19.90

Nr Nr

1,080.75 1,263.48

7.54 8.81

14.41 16.84

10.83 12.67

Nr

1,816.21

12.67

24.21

18.21

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

30

Algeria

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Dinar/ft2

Dinar/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

2,079 11,112 14,046 4,625 3,403 6,291 3,446 3,560 4,734 2,898 8,260 10,085 7,213 10,208 3,279

22,375 119,608 151,194 49,783 36,626 67,714 37,094 38,319 50,952 31,199 88,907 108,550 77,640 109,879 35,297

156 834 1,054 347 255 472 259 267 355 218 620 757 541 766 246

298 1,594 2,015 664 488 903 494 511 679 416 1,185 1,447 1,035 1,465 470

224 1,199 1,516 499 367 679 372 384 511 313 891 1,088 778 1,102 354

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

Dinar/ft2

Dinar/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

4,282 5,836 5,122 4,788 7,908 6,540 8,253 6,890 7,011 7,077 7,536 7,476 9,906 8,924 7,889 4,431 6,987 6,974 7,622 9,165 7,924 9,647 10,181 9,011 6,744 7,900 5,448 7,903 10,181 9,150 8,508 7,003 6,531 11,300 6,394 8,158 5,893 9,565

46,091 62,816 55,136 51,543 85,117 70,397 88,834 74,166 75,468 76,182 81,117 80,471 106,630 96,058 84,920 47,690 75,203 75,068 82,040 98,655 85,289 103,836 109,584 96,999 72,588 85,037 58,644 85,068 109,584 98,489 91,578 75,382 70,299 121,638 68,822 87,812 63,431 102,956

321 438 384 359 594 491 619 517 526 531 566 561 744 670 592 333 524 523 572 688 595 724 764 676 506 593 409 593 764 687 639 526 490 848 480 612 442 718

614 837 735 687 1,135 938 1,184 989 1,006 1,015 1,081 1,073 1,421 1,280 1,132 636 1,002 1,001 1,094 1,315 1,137 1,384 1,461 1,293 968 1,133 782 1,134 1,461 1,313 1,221 1,005 937 1,621 917 1,170 845 1,372

462 630 553 517 853 706 891 743 757 764 813 807 1,069 963 851 478 754 753 822 989 855 1,041 1,099 972 728 852 588 853 1,099 987 918 756 705 1,219 690 880 636 1,032

32

Algeria

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Algerian Dinar against four other international currencies; £Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Algerian Dinar with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

33

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1989. Algeria experienced a relatively high level of consumer price inflation over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1990 to 2000 is 17.0%. The period 2001 to 2003, however, witnessed the annual rate of inflation reduce to an average level of 2.7%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a rise in inflationary levels with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 3.8% from figures provided by the Algerian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1990.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 117.9 148.4 195.4 235.5 303.9 394.4 468.1 494.9 519.4 532.2 533.6 556.0 563.8 578.6 600.7

17.9 25.9 31.7 20.5 29.0 29.8 18.7 5.7 5.0 2.6 0.3 4.2 1.4 2.6 3.8

Source:

National Office of Statistics, Algeria International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1990 through 2004

Construction cost data

35

Useful addresses Public organisations National Office of Statistics (Office National des Statistiques) 8,10 Rue des moussebilines Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 744 141 Fax: (00213) 21 743 839 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ons.dz/English Ministry of Energy and Mining B.P 677 Alger Gare 80 Ave Ghermoul Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 652 222 Fax: (00213) 21 651 904 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mem-algeria.org Ministry of Foreign Affairs Place Mohamed Seddik Benyahia El-Mouradia Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 504 343 Fax: (00213) 21 504 141 Ministry of Commerce Palais due Gouvernment Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 732 340 Fax: (00213) 21 733 091

Ministry of Industry and Restructuring Immeuble La Colisee Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 592 440 Fax: (00213) 21 604 584 Bank of Algeria 38 Boulevard Franklin-Roosevelt Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 230 023 Fax: (00213) 21 230 150 Email: [email protected] Website: www.bank-of-algeria.dz Foreign embassies British Embassy 7eme Etage Hotel Hilton International Alger Pins Maritimes Palais des Expositions El Mohammadia Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 230 068 Fax: (00213) 21 230 067 Website: www.britishembassy. gov.uk

36

Algeria

American Embassy 4 Chemin Cheikh Bachir ElIbrahimi Alger-Gare 16000 Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 691 425 Fax: (00213) 21 693 979 Chinese Embassy in Algeria 34 Boulevard Des Martyrs Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 692 724 Fax: (00213) 21 693 056 Email: [email protected] Website: http://dz.chineseembassy. org

Arab-British Chamber of Commerce 6 Belgrave Square London SW1X 8PH United Kingdom Tel: (0044) 20 7235 4363 Fax: (0044) 20 7245 6688 Email: [email protected]. co.uk Website: www.abcc.org.uk Agency for Promotion, Support and Monitoring of Investment (APSI) 11 Bd Du 11 Decembre 1960 El-Biar 16030 Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 925 127 Fax: (00213) 21 914 303

Industrial organisations ENGCB Route de Corso BP 23 et 219 Boudouaou Wilaya de Boumerdès Algeria Tel: (00213) 24 843 526 Fax: (00213) 24 843 009 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gcb.com.dz

SONATRACH National Oil Company 10 Rue Djenane el Malik Hydra Algiers Algeria Tel: (00213) 21 547 000 Fax: (00213) 21 546 250 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sonatrach-dz.com

Cameroon ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

16.1 million 51% 42% 3% 2.0%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

469,440 sq km 15.4% Yaounde 1.2 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

1,008 km 4,288 km 30,012 km n.a. 1,124 km 9 km 90 km 5 1 ship Yaounde-Nsimalen Airport

Economy Monetary unit CFA Franc Exchange rate £ Stg 947.0 US $ 512.5 Euro 656.0 Yen (×100) 482.8 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 2.9% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 2.0% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$12.4 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$27.8 billion GDP per capita US$770 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$1,800 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 4.0% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP 71.5% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP 12.0% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 19.4%

Construction Gross value of construction output Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source:

The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank The African Development Bank

All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

n.a. n.a.

Country profile

39

Country profile Cameroon is located on the west coast of Africa and bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Nigeria in the north and west, Chad and the Central African Republic in the east and Congo, Gabon and Equatorial Guinea in the south. The country is a mixture of desert plains in the north, mountains in the central regions and tropical rainforest in the south and east. About 51% of its national surface area is forest. The climate is semi-arid and hot in the northern plains and cooler with a shorter dry season in the central and western highlands. Rainfall varies from minimal in the extreme north to excessive in the south-west around Mt Cameroon with 500 cm falling between May and November. The warmest months are March to May in Yaoundé, the capital, with temperatures averaging 30ºC. The Republic of Cameroon has been an independent state since 1960 when French rule ceased. The country has a strong central democratic government based on the French model with a president as the chief of state and a prime minister as the head of government. The unicameral National Assembly consists of 180 members elected by direct popular votes. The country is divided into ten regions, each of which is controlled by a governor. Cameroon is a member of the Central African Regional Economic and Monetary Bloc (CEMAC), the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and other international organisations. The official language is bilingual – both French and English are formally used with French dominating in practice. There also exists 24 major African language groups. The principal religions are Christian and indigenous beliefs with a minority of Islam and other groups. The Cameroonian construction industry is linked with its major program of privatisation embarked on by the national government in the determination to make the private sector the major economic force. Privatisation, apart from former government agriculture operations, includes water and sewer, railways and municipal services.

40

Cameroon

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs throughout Cameroon and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay (per day or month) and the financial cost of that labour to the employer. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses, holidays, insurance, and other mandatory and voluntary contributions. Labour in Cameroon is governed by Law 92/007 of 14th August 1992.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

2,900 3,370 6,252 5,643 6,252 5,643 6,252 6,252 6,252 6,015 6,252 3,370 6,331 6,058 6,252 6,880 6,880

2.93 3.40 6.31 5.70 6.31 5.70 6.31 6.31 6.31 6.07 6.31 3.40 6.39 6.12 6.31 6.95 6.95

5.66 6.57 12.20 11.01 12.20 11.01 12.20 12.20 12.20 11.73 12.20 6.57 12.35 11.82 12.20 13.42 13.42

4.25 4.93 9.15 8.26 9.15 8.26 9.15 9.15 9.15 8.81 9.15 4.93 9.27 8.87 9.15 10.07 10.07

Construction cost data

41

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to site in Cameroon, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

18,371 16,545 6,746 11,072

18.55 16.70 6.81 11.18

35.84 32.28 13.16 21.60

26.90 24.23 9.88 16.21

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

6,529 10,089 3,397

6.59 10.18 3.43

12.74 19.68 6.63

9.56 14.77 4.97

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

17,605 13,083 10,609

17.77 13.21 10.71

34.35 25.52 20.70

25.78 19.16 15.53

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

2,125 3,296 17,750

2.15 3.33 17.92

4.15 6.43 34.63

3.11 4.83 25.99

42

Cameroon

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site in Cameroon, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading as necessary.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

14,998 13,550 11,984 11,376

15.14 13.68 12.10 11.48

29.26 26.44 23.38 22.19

21.96 19.84 17.55 16.66

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

5,802 11,895 19,155 10,251 14,948

5.86 12.01 19.34 10.35 15.09

11.32 23.21 37.37 20.00 29.16

8.49 17.42 28.05 15.01 21.89

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

63,870 67,726

64.47 68.37

124.60 132.13

93.52 99.16

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

396,122 396,122 396,122 396,122 396,122 432,268 432,268 432,268 432,268 432,268 426,123 3,401

399.88 399.88 399.88 399.88 399.88 436.36 436.36 436.36 436.36 436.36 430.16 3.43

772.80 772.80 772.80 772.80 772.80 843.32 843.32 843.32 843.32 843.32 831.33 6.64

580.01 580.01 580.01 580.01 580.01 632.93 632.93 632.93 632.93 632.93 623.93 4.98

Groundworks

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

194,584

196.43

379.62

284.91

2,831 3,211 3,889 3,044 3,555 4,302

2.86 3.24 3.93 3.07 3.59 4.34

5.52 6.27 7.59 5.94 6.94 8.39

4.14 4.70 5.69 4.46 5.21 6.30

Tonne Tonne m3

87,177 6,991 70,653

88.00 7.06 71.32

170.07 13.64 137.84

127.64 10.24 103.45

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

777,147 808,233 708,252 760,491 760,491 742,808 751,845 803,751 819,511

784.51 815.89 714.96 767.70 767.70 749.85 758.97 811.37 827.28

1,516.15 1,576.79 1,381.74 1,483.65 1,483.65 1,449.16 1,466.79 1,568.05 1,598.80

1,137.91 1,183.42 1,037.03 1,113.52 1,113.52 1,087.63 1,100.86 1,176.86 1,199.94

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

920 1,229 399

0.93 1.24 0.40

1.79 2.40 0.78

1.35 1.80 0.58

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

7,242 11,250 16,257

7.31 11.36 16.41

14.13 21.95 31.72

10.60 16.47 23.80

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

4,604 5,890 3,336

4.65 5.95 3.37

8.98 11.49 6.51

6.74 8.62 4.88

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

40,795 33,183 53,706

41.18 33.50 54.21

79.59 64.74 104.78

59.73 48.59 78.64

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

871

0.88

1.70

1.28

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

748

0.75

1.46

1.09

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

4,292

4.33

8.37

6.28

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

28,544 20,479

28.81 20.67

55.69 39.95

41.79 29.99

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

183,747 213,674 257,248

185.49 215.70 259.69

358.47 416.86 501.87

269.04 312.86 376.67

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

34,663 93,779 73,701 85,383

34.99 94.67 74.40 86.19

67.62 182.95 143.78 166.57

50.75 137.31 107.91 125.02

Thermal and moisture protection

475,494 758,875

480.00 927.65 696.22 766.07 1,480.50 1,111.15

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

2,256

2.28

4.40

3.30

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

33,525 19,309

33.84 19.49

65.40 37.67

49.09 28.27

20,431 27,380 26,216 26,216

20.62 27.64 26.46 26.46

39.86 53.42 51.14 51.14

29.92 40.09 38.39 38.39

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

46

Cameroon

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

1,390

1.40

2.71

2.03

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

6,263

6.32

12.22

9.17

m

3,778

3.81

7.37

5.53

m3 m3

22,604 29,934

22.82 30.22

44.10 58.40

33.10 43.83

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

7,423 15,117 24,301

7.49 15.26 24.53

14.48 29.49 47.41

10.87 22.13 35.58

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

13,228 28,960

13.35 29.23

25.81 56.50

19.37 42.40

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

84,638 80,782

85.44 81.55

165.12 157.60

123.93 118.28

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

85,035 84,896 81,015

85.84 85.70 81.78

165.90 165.62 158.05

124.51 124.31 118.62

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

90,509 90,356

91.37 91.21

176.58 176.28

132.52 132.30

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

93,948 90,803 88,717

94.84 91.66 89.56

183.29 177.15 173.08

137.56 132.95 129.90

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

549,239 534,028 520,138 508,090 498,114

554.44 1,071.52 539.09 1,041.84 525.07 1,014.74 512.91 991.24 502.83 971.78

804.20 781.93 761.59 743.95 729.34

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

592,615 577,404 563,513 551,466 541,490

598.23 582.88 568.85 556.69 546.62

1,156.14 1,126.47 1,099.37 1,075.86 1,056.40

867.71 845.44 825.10 807.46 792.86

5,071 5,615 6,561

5.12 5.67 6.62

9.89 10.95 12.80

7.42 8.22 9.61

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

Price US $

Euro

3

Structural metalwork

Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 1,007,913 1,017.47 1,966.35 Tonne 1,062,968 1,073.04 2,073.76

1,475.80 1,556.41

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

1,388.30 1,431.11

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

Beams

4

948,153 977,394

957.14 1,849.77 986.66 1,906.81

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

1,349 1,754

1.36 1.77

2.63 3.42

1.98 2.57

m2 m2 m2

9,702 14,921 21,432

9.79 15.06 21.64

18.93 29.11 41.81

14.21 21.85 31.38

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red m2 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red m2

44,694 18,063

45.12 18.23

87.19 35.24

65.44 26.45

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

2,858 3,753 6,383

2.88 3.79 6.44

5.58 7.32 12.45

4.18 5.50 9.35

m2

44,072

44.49

85.98

64.53

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,638 1,696 1,646 2,468

1.65 1.71 1.66 2.49

3.20 3.31 3.21 4.82

2.40 2.48 2.41 3.61

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,660 1,733 1,689 1,718

1.68 1.75 1.71 1.73

3.24 3.38 3.30 3.35

2.43 2.54 2.47 2.52

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

786,793 1,082,412 1,482,415 1,979,667

794.25 1,092.67 1,496.46 1,998.43

1,534.97 2,111.69 2,892.07 3,862.16

1,152.03 1,584.88 2,170.57 2,898.65

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

877,909 1,802,519 3,526,855

886.23 1,819.60 3,560.28

1,712.73 3,516.56 6,880.59

1,285.44 2,639.27 5,164.06

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

25,319 46,571

25.56 47.01

49.39 90.86

37.07 68.19

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

208,305

210.28

406.39

305.00

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

103,265

104.24

201.46

151.20

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

137,194

138.49

267.65

200.88

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

208,042 409,266

210.01 413.14

405.87 798.44

304.62 599.25

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

206,662

208.62

403.18

302.60

Unit

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

4,533

4.58

8.84

6.64

m m

6,762 8,406

6.83 8.49

13.19 16.40

9.90 12.31

m

7,765

7.84

15.15

11.37

Nr Nr

25,198 44,103

25.44 44.52

49.16 86.04

36.90 64.58

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

2,793 4,959 6,684

2.82 5.01 6.75

5.45 9.68 13.04

4.09 7.26 9.79

Nr Nr

3,890 11,045

3.93 11.15

7.59 21.55

5.70 16.17

Nr Nr

5,995 7,019

6.05 7.09

11.70 13.69

8.78 10.28

Nr

10,131

10.23

19.76

14.83

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

54

Cameroon

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2 11,806 63,112 79,779 26,268 19,326 35,730 19,573 20,219 26,885 16,462 46,913 57,277 40,967 57,978 18,625

127,081 679,336 858,738 282,751 208,026 384,597 210,683 217,638 289,391 177,200 504,967 616,530 440,972 624,079 200,477

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

128 686 867 285 210 388 213 220 292 179 510 622 445 630 202

248 1,325 1,675 552 406 750 411 425 565 346 985 1,203 860 1,218 391

186 995 1,257 414 305 563 308 319 424 259 739 903 646 914 294

Facility type

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2

Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

24,320 33,145 29,093 27,197 44,912 37,146 46,874 39,134 39,821 40,198 42,802 42,461 56,264 50,686 44,809 25,164 39,682 39,610 43,289 52,056 45,003 54,790 57,822 51,182 38,302 44,870 30,944 44,886 57,822 51,968 48,322 39,776 37,094 64,183 36,314 46,335 33,470 54,325

261,780 356,776 313,158 292,747 483,438 399,836 504,548 421,239 428,635 432,689 460,720 457,050 605,625 545,580 482,319 270,868 427,132 426,363 465,962 560,329 484,416 589,757 622,401 550,927 412,278 482,983 333,080 483,158 622,401 559,385 520,136 428,146 399,276 690,870 390,888 498,746 360,271 584,759

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

264 360 316 296 488 404 509 425 433 437 465 461 611 551 487 273 431 430 470 566 489 595 628 556 416 488 336 488 628 565 525 432 403 697 395 503 364 590

511 696 611 571 943 780 984 822 836 844 899 892 1,182 1,064 941 528 833 832 909 1,093 945 1,151 1,214 1,075 804 942 650 943 1,214 1,091 1,015 835 779 1,348 763 973 703 1,141

383 522 459 429 708 585 739 617 628 634 675 669 887 799 706 397 625 624 682 820 709 864 911 807 604 707 488 707 911 819 762 627 585 1,012 572 730 528 856

56

Cameroon

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the CFA Franc against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the CFA Franc with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

57

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Cameroon has historically experienced an up and down cycle in its level of consumer price inflation over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 is 4.0%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, witnessed the annual rate of inflation climb to 6.3% in 2002 and then fall to 1.2% in 2003. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a rise in inflationary levels with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 2.0% from figures provided by the Cameroon authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 103.9 108.9 112.4 114.4 115.8 119.8 127.4 128.9 131.5

9.1 3.9 4.8 3.2 1.8 1.2 3.5 6.3 1.2 2.0

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

59

Useful addresses Public organisations

Foreign embassies

Ministry of Tourism Yaoundé Cameroon Tel: (00237) 224 411 Fax: (00237) 221 295 Email: [email protected] Website: www.camnet.cm

British High Commission Avenue Winston Churchill BP 547 Yaoundé Cameroon Tel: (00237) 222 0545 Fax: (00237) 222 0148 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britcam.org

Cameroon High Commission in London 84 Holland Park London W11 3SB United Kindom Tel: (0044) 870 005 6706 Fax: (0044) 207 792 9353 Website: http://cameroon. embassyhomepage.com Consulate of the Republic of Cameroon PO Box 150 Wahroonga NSW 2076 Sydney Australia Tel: (0061) 2 9989 8414 Website: www.cameroonconsul. com

British Consulate Standard Chartered Bank Cameroon SA Boulevard de la Liberté BP 1784 Douala Cameroon Tel: (00237) 3422177, 428145 Fax: (00237) 3428896 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britcam.org American Embassy Rue Nachtigal PO Box 817 Yaounde Cameroon Tel: (00237) 223 0512 Fax: (00237) 223 0753 Email: ydeircwebmaster@yahoo. com Website: http://usembassy.state. gov/yaounde

60

Cameroon

Canadian High Commission in Yaounde Immeuble Stamatiades Place de l'Hotel de Ville PO Box 572 Yaoundé Cameroon Tel: (00237) 223 2311 Fax: (00237) 222 1090 Email: [email protected] Website: www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/ africa Embassy of China in Yaounde BP 1307 Nouveau Bastos Yaounde Cameroon Tel: (00237) 220 083 Fax: (00237) 214 395 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng French Embassy in Cameroon Plateau Atémengué BP 1631 Yaounde Cameroon Tel: (00237) 222 7900 Fax: (00237) 222 7909 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.ambafrancecm.org

Industrial organisations Chamber of Commerce and Mines BP 4011 Douala Cameroon Tel: (00237) 429 881 Fax: (00237) 425 596 Email: [email protected] Website: www.g77tin.org/ ccimorg.html International Advisory Group (IAG) for the Chad–Cameroon Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project Suite 200 5 Place Ville-Marie Montreal Quebec Canada H3B 2G2 Tel: (001) 514 864 5515 Fax: (001) 514 397 1651 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gic-iag.org

Chad ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

9.5 million 25% 48% 3% 3%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

1,259,200 sq km 2.9% N'Djamena 704,200

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

0 km 267 km 33,133 km n.a. 205 km n.a. n.a. none none N'Djamena International

Economy Monetary unit CFA Franc Exchange rate £ Stg 947.0 US $ 512.5 Euro 656.0 Yen (×100) 482.8 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 2.7% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 3.0% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$2.6 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$10.7 billion GDP per capita US$274 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$1,200 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 6.7% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP 71.1% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP 7.8% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 40.3%

Construction Gross value of construction output Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source:

US$36.4 million

The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank The African Development Bank

All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

1.4%

Country profile

63

Country profile Chad is situated in central Africa and is a land-locked country, bordering Libya in the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south and Niger, Nigeria and Cameroon to the west. The Sahara desert covers much of the northern part of the country with broad, arid plains in the centre. The north-west is a mountainous region and the south an area of lowlands. N'Djamena, the capital and largest city, lies in the southern region close to the border with Nigeria and south of Lake Chad. The climate in the north is generally hot and dry with frequent droughts. The lowlands in the southern soudanian zone have a tropical climate with a rainy season lasting from April until October. The Republic of Chad has been an independent state since 1960 when French rule ceased. The president, as chief of state, appoints the Prime Minister, who heads the Council of State, the Cabinet. The legislative power lies with a bicameral National Assembly whose members are elected by popular vote. The country has seen a turbulent history with intermittent periods of civil war involving France and Libya during the past decade. Despite two recent peace agreements signed in 2002 and 2003 between the government and the rebels and movement towards democratic reform, power virtually remains in the hands of a northern ethnic oligarchy. Chad is a member of the Central African Regional Economic and Monetary Bloc (CEMAC), the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and other international organisations. The principal religion is Islam with a minority of Christians together with a small group of other faiths. The official languages are French and Arabic but there are also more than 100 tribal languages throughout the country. The Chad construction industry is heavily involved in development of the oil and gas sector. Chad has proven recoverable oil reserves estimated at approximately one billion barrels but lacks sufficient production facilities. The country has the potential to be a significant energy producer with a viable upstream industry following the completion of the Chad-Cameroon pipeline in 2003.

64

Chad

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs throughout the southern area of Chad and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employee’s expenses, holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

3,000 3,524 6,549 5,866 6,549 5,866 6,549 6,549 6,549 6,258 6,549 3,524 6,549 6,258 6,549 7,292 7,292

3.03 3.56 6.61 5.92 6.61 5.92 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.32 6.61 3.56 6.61 6.32 6.61 7.36 7.36

5.85 6.87 12.78 11.44 12.78 11.44 12.78 12.78 12.78 12.21 12.78 6.87 12.78 12.21 12.78 14.23 14.23

4.39 5.16 9.59 8.59 9.59 8.59 9.59 9.59 9.59 9.16 9.59 5.16 9.59 9.16 9.59 10.68 10.68

Construction cost data

65

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site in the southern region of Chad, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

17,155 14,950 6,325 10,380

17.32 15.09 6.38 10.48

33.47 29.17 12.34 20.25

25.12 21.89 9.26 15.20

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

6,121 9,319 3,184

6.18 9.41 3.21

11.94 18.18 6.21

8.96 13.64 4.66

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

16,505 11,960 9,946

16.66 12.07 10.04

32.20 23.33 19.40

24.17 17.51 14.56

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

1,992 3,090 15,947

2.01 3.12 16.10

3.89 6.03 31.11

2.92 4.52 23.35

66

Chad

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site in the southern region of Chad, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

13,906 12,520 10,943 10,206

14.04 12.64 11.05 10.30

27.13 24.42 21.35 19.91

20.36 18.33 16.02 14.94

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

5,439 11,151 17,520 9,611 14,014

5.49 11.26 17.69 9.70 14.15

10.61 21.76 34.18 18.75 27.34

7.96 16.33 25.65 14.07 20.52

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

59,878 63,493

60.45 64.09

116.82 123.87

87.67 92.97

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

375,032 375,032 375,032 375,032 375,032 408,640 408,640 408,640 408,640 408,640 400,467 3,196

378.59 378.59 378.59 378.59 378.59 412.51 412.51 412.51 412.51 412.51 404.26 3.23

731.66 731.66 731.66 731.66 731.66 797.22 797.22 797.22 797.22 797.22 781.28 6.24

549.13 549.13 549.13 549.13 549.13 598.34 598.34 598.34 598.34 598.34 586.37 4.68

Groundworks

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

173,323

174.97

338.14

253.78

2,654 3,011 3,646 2,854 3,333 4,034

2.68 3.04 3.68 2.88 3.36 4.07

5.18 5.87 7.11 5.57 6.50 7.87

3.89 4.41 5.34 4.18 4.88 5.91

Tonne Tonne m3

81,728 6,592 69,845

82.50 6.65 70.51

159.44 12.86 136.26

119.67 9.65 102.27

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

728,576 757,719 663,986 713,665 713,665 696,383 718,409 753,517 783,066

735.48 764.90 670.28 720.43 720.43 702.98 725.22 760.66 790.49

1,421.39 1,478.24 1,295.38 1,392.30 1,392.30 1,358.58 1,401.56 1,470.05 1,527.70

1,066.79 1,109.46 972.22 1,044.96 1,044.96 1,019.65 1,051.90 1,103.31 1,146.57

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

871 1,152 374

0.88 1.16 0.38

1.70 2.25 0.73

1.28 1.69 0.55

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

6,790 10,547 15,241

6.85 10.65 15.39

13.25 20.58 29.73

9.94 15.44 22.32

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

4,317 5,522 3,127

4.36 5.57 3.16

8.42 10.77 6.10

6.32 8.08 4.58

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

38,283 31,109 50,349

38.65 31.40 50.83

74.69 60.69 98.23

56.05 45.55 73.72

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

817

0.82

1.59

1.20

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

701

0.71

1.37

1.03

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

4,023

4.06

7.85

5.89

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

26,760 19,200

27.01 19.38

52.21 37.46

39.18 28.11

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

172,262 200,319 241,170

173.89 202.22 243.46

336.07 390.81 470.50

252.23 293.31 353.12

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

32,497 87,917 69,095 80,046

32.80 88.75 69.75 80.80

63.40 171.52 134.80 156.16

47.58 128.73 101.17 117.20

Thermal and moisture protection

430,916 711,445

435.00 840.68 630.95 718.19 1,387.97 1,041.71

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

2,141

2.16

4.18

3.14

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

31,430 18,102

31.73 18.27

61.32 35.31

46.02 26.50

19,154 25,669 24,434 24,434

19.34 25.91 24.67 24.67

37.37 50.08 47.67 47.67

28.05 37.58 35.78 35.78

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

70

Chad

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

1,256

1.27

2.45

1.84

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

5,673

5.73

11.07

8.31

m

3,438

3.47

6.71

5.03

m3 m3

20,353 27,546

20.55 27.81

39.71 53.74

29.80 40.33

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

6,972 14,186 22,248

7.04 14.32 22.46

13.60 27.68 43.40

10.21 20.77 32.58

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

12,435 26,863

12.55 27.12

24.26 52.41

18.21 39.33

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

79,381 75,763

80.13 76.48

154.86 147.81

116.23 110.93

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

79,791 79,647 76,004

80.55 80.40 76.72

155.67 155.38 148.28

116.83 116.62 111.29

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

84,904 84,753

85.71 85.56

165.64 165.35

124.32 124.10

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

88,286 85,305 83,328

89.12 86.11 84.12

172.24 166.42 162.57

129.27 124.90 122.01

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

524,038 508,900 494,664 482,752 472,870

529.00 513.72 499.35 487.33 477.35

1,022.35 992.82 965.05 941.81 922.53

767.30 745.14 724.29 706.85 692.38

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

564,368 549,229 534,994 523,081 513,200

569.72 554.43 540.06 528.04 518.06

1,101.03 1,071.50 1,043.73 1,020.49 1,001.21

826.35 804.19 783.34 765.90 751.43

4,868 5,385 6,282

4.91 5.44 6.34

9.50 10.51 12.25

7.13 7.88 9.20

Unit Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

946,233 955.20 998,241 1,007.70

1,846.02 1,385.48 1,947.48 1,461.63

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

890,865 935,788

899.31 944.66

1,738.00 1,304.41 1,825.64 1,370.19

m m

1,288 1,657

1.30 1.67

2.51 3.23

1.89 2.43

m2 m2 m2

9,132 14,038 20,158

9.22 14.17 20.35

17.82 27.39 39.33

13.37 20.55 29.52

m2 m2

40,912 17,069

41.30 17.23

79.82 33.30

59.90 24.99

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

2,844 3,732 6,336

2.87 3.77 6.40

5.55 7.28 12.36

4.16 5.46 9.28

m2

41,469

41.86

80.90

60.72

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,552 1,612 1,559 2,339

1.57 1.63 1.57 2.36

3.03 3.14 3.04 4.56

2.27 2.36 2.28 3.42

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,574 1,649 1,604 1,634

1.59 1.67 1.62 1.65

3.07 3.22 3.13 3.19

2.31 2.42 2.35 2.39

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

738,750 1,016,459 1,392,027 1,858,767

745.75 1,026.09 1,405.22 1,876.38

1,441.24 1,983.02 2,715.73 3,626.30

1,081.69 1,488.31 2,038.22 2,721.63

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

822,698 1,689,406 3,305,630

830.49 1,705.42 3,336.96

1,605.01 1,204.60 3,295.89 2,473.65 6,449.00 4,840.14

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

23,802 43,754

24.03 44.17

46.44 85.36

34.85 64.07

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

195,852

197.71

382.09

286.77

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

97,236

98.16

189.70

142.37

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

128,902

130.12

251.48

188.74

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

195,417 384,111

197.27 387.75

381.24 749.37

286.13 562.42

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

194,123

195.96

378.72

284.24

Unit

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

4,257

4.30

8.30

6.23

m m

6,393 7,936

6.45 8.01

12.47 15.48

9.36 11.62

m

7,301

7.37

14.24

10.69

Nr Nr

23,668 41,394

23.89 41.79

46.17 80.76

34.65 60.61

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

2,632 4,680 6,306

2.66 4.72 6.37

5.14 9.13 12.30

3.85 6.85 9.23

Nr Nr

3,659 10,383

3.69 10.48

7.14 20.26

5.36 15.20

Nr Nr

5,646 6,597

5.70 6.66

11.01 12.87

8.27 9.66

Nr

9,076

9.16

17.71

13.29

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

78

Chad

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2 11,330 60,568 76,563 25,210 18,547 34,290 18,784 19,404 25,802 15,799 45,022 54,969 39,316 55,642 17,874

121,959 651,958 824,129 271,356 199,643 369,097 202,192 208,867 277,729 170,058 484,616 591,683 423,201 598,928 192,398

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

123 658 832 274 202 373 204 211 280 172 489 597 427 605 194

238 1,272 1,608 529 389 720 394 407 542 332 945 1,154 826 1,168 375

179 955 1,207 397 292 540 296 306 407 249 710 866 620 877 282

Facility type

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2

Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

23,340 31,810 27,921 26,101 43,102 35,649 44,985 37,557 38,216 38,578 41,077 40,750 53,996 48,643 43,003 24,150 38,082 38,014 41,544 49,958 43,190 52,582 55,492 49,120 36,758 43,062 29,697 43,077 55,492 49,874 46,374 38,173 35,599 61,597 34,851 44,467 32,121 52,136

251,230 342,398 300,537 280,949 463,954 383,722 484,214 404,263 411,360 415,251 442,152 438,630 581,218 523,592 462,881 259,951 409,918 409,180 447,183 537,747 464,894 565,989 597,318 528,724 395,663 463,518 319,656 463,686 597,318 536,841 499,174 410,891 383,185 663,027 375,135 478,646 345,752 561,193

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

254 346 303 284 468 387 489 408 415 419 446 443 587 529 467 262 414 413 451 543 469 571 603 534 399 468 323 468 603 542 504 415 387 669 379 483 349 567

490 668 586 548 905 749 945 789 803 810 863 856 1,134 1,021 903 507 800 798 872 1,049 907 1,104 1,165 1,031 772 904 624 905 1,165 1,047 974 802 748 1,294 732 934 675 1,095

368 501 440 411 679 562 709 592 602 608 647 642 851 767 678 381 600 599 655 787 681 829 875 774 579 679 468 679 875 786 731 602 561 971 549 701 506 822

80

Chad

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the CFA Franc against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the CFA Franc with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

81

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Chad has historically experienced both high levels of inflation and deflation over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 1998 is 9.8%. In 1999 the rate of consumer prices fell by an average for the year of –6.8%. The subsequent period, 2000 to 2002, witnessed the annual rate of inflation climb to 3.8% in 2000 and 6.0% in 2001. Once again, a short period of inflation, consumer prices fell to –1.8% in 2003. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a rise in inflationary levels with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 3.0% from figures provided by the Chadian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 112.4 118.7 133.1 124.1 128.8 136.5 143.6 141.0 145.3

9.1 12.4 5.6 12.1 –6.8 3.8 6.0 5.2 –1.8 3.0

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

83

Useful addresses Public organisations Chad Department of Tourism and Parks BP 86 N'Djamena 235 Chad Tel: (00235) 512 303 Fax: (00235) 572 261 International Telecommunications of Chad BP 1132 N’Djamena Chad Tel: (00235) 521 436 Fax: (00235) 521 442 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tit.td Embassy of the Republic of Chad in Washington Chancery 2002 R St. NW Washington DC 20009 United States of America Tel: (001) 202 462 4009 Fax: (001) 202 265 1937 Email: [email protected] Website: www.chadembassy.org

Consulate of Chad in Ottawa 340 Gloucester Street Ste. 606 Ottawa, ON K1R 1A8 Canada Tel.: (001) 613 236 4861 Fax: (001) 613 230 2061 Email: [email protected] Website: www.chadembassy. org Embassy of Chad in Bejing 21 Guanghua Lu Beijing 100600 China Tel: (0086) 10 6532 1296 Fax: (0086) 10 532 3638 Foreign embassies British High Commission Avenue Winston Churchill BP 547 Yaoundé Cameroon Tel: (00237) 222 0545 Fax: (00237) 222 0148 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britcam.org

84

American Embassy BP 413 Avenue Felix Eboue N'Djamena Chad Tel: (00235) 517 009 Fax: (00235) 515 654 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/chad Industrial organisations International Advisory Group (IAG) for the Chad–Cameroon Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project Suite 200 5 Place Ville-Marie Montreal Quebec Canada H3B 2G2 Tel: (001) 514 864 5515 Fax: (001) 514 397 1651 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gic-iag.org

Chad

ExxonMobil Tchad BP 102 N'Djamena Chad Tel: (00235) 514 209 Fax: (00235) 513 975 Website: www2.exxonmobil.com/ Chad Doba Pipeline Investment Inc (Chad) Tower 2 PETRONAS Twin Towers Kuala Lumpur 50088 Malaysia Tel: (0060) 3 2051 5695 Fax: (0060) 3 2051 5007 Website: www.petronas.com.my Africa International Business Holdings SA N'Djamena BP 1273 N'Djamena Chad Tel: (00235) 514 684 Fax: (00235) 518 093

Gabon ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

1.4 million 84% 42% 4% 2.5%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

257,667 sq km 1.9% Libreville 684,800

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

814 km 838 km 7,626 km 1,600 km 1,426 km n.a. 210 km 7 3 bulk Léon M'Ba, Libreville

Economy Monetary unit CFA Franc Exchange rate £ Stg 947.0 US $ 512.5 Euro 656.0 Yen (×100) 482.8 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 1.1% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 2.0% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$5.6 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$7.3 billion GDP per capita US$3,981 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$5,500 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) –0.5% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2001) 37.2% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2001) 10.9% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 22.7%

Construction Gross value of construction output Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source:

US$134.4 million

The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank The African Development Bank

All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

2.4%

Country profile

87

Country profile Gabon is situated in West Africa with its west coast lying along the South Atlantic Ocean. It borders Equatorial Guinea to the north-west with Cameroon to the north and the Republic of the Congo to the east and south. Three quarters of the country is covered by rain forests. Around 20% of the land is cultivated or used as permanent pasture. The terrain consists of a narrow low lying coastal strip which rises to a series of plateaux, deep river valleys dissect the country into small isolated units. The climate is equatorial with temperatures between 22ºC and 32ºC throughout the year. The rainy season is mainly from March to June with the dry season from July to September. The Gabonese Republic has been an independent state since 1960 when French rule ceased. The country is governed by a multi-party presidential regime with nine administrative divisions and has a legal system based on French civil law and customary law. The president, elected by popular vote, as chief of state, appoints the prime minister. The bicameral legislature consists of a Senate, with 91 seats, and a National Assembly of 120 seats, members being elected by popular vote every five years. Gabon is a member of the Central African Regional Economic and Monetary Bloc (CEMAC), the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and other international organisations. French is the official language with several other languages being spoken including Fang, Bateke, Myene and Bandjabi. The principal religion is Christian with a small group of Animists and Muslims. The Gabonese construction industry is largely involved in development of the oil sector which is key to the economy. Oil is its most important natural resource, accounting for the majority of all exports.

88

Gabon

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs throughout the country of Gabon and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

2,962 3,479 6,466 5,791 6,466 5,791 6,466 6,466 6,466 6,179 6,466 3,479 6,466 6,179 6,466 7,200 7,200

2.99 3.51 6.53 5.85 6.53 5.85 6.53 6.53 6.53 6.24 6.53 3.51 6.53 6.24 6.53 7.27 7.27

5.78 6.79 12.62 11.30 12.62 11.30 12.62 12.62 12.62 12.05 12.62 6.79 12.62 12.05 12.62 14.05 14.05

4.34 5.09 9.47 8.48 9.47 8.48 9.47 9.47 9.47 9.05 9.47 5.09 9.47 9.05 9.47 10.54 10.54

Construction cost data

89

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site in Gabon and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel, maintenance and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

18,789 16,456 6,927 10,916

18.97 16.61 6.99 11.02

36.66 32.10 13.51 21.30

27.51 24.09 10.14 15.98

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

6,704 10,426 3,275

6.77 10.52 3.31

13.08 20.34 6.39

9.82 15.27 4.80

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

18,077 13,099 10,830

18.25 13.22 10.93

35.27 25.56 21.13

26.47 19.18 15.86

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

2,129 3,385 17,640

2.15 3.42 17.81

4.15 6.60 34.41

3.12 4.96 25.83

90

Gabon

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site at an average location value in Gabon, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

14,737 13,699 11,967 11,178

14.88 13.83 12.08 11.28

28.75 26.72 23.35 21.81

21.58 20.06 17.52 16.37

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

5,957 12,213 19,188 10,526 14,681

6.01 12.33 19.37 10.63 14.82

11.62 23.83 37.43 20.54 28.64

8.72 17.88 28.10 15.41 21.50

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

65,580 69,540

66.20 70.20

127.94 135.67

96.02 101.82

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

413,561 413,561 413,561 413,561 413,561 436,642 436,642 436,642 436,642 436,642 428,551 3,501

417.48 417.48 417.48 417.48 417.48 440.78 440.78 440.78 440.78 440.78 432.61 3.53

806.82 806.82 806.82 806.82 806.82 851.85 851.85 851.85 851.85 851.85 836.07 6.83

605.54 605.54 605.54 605.54 605.54 639.34 639.34 639.34 639.34 639.34 627.49 5.13

Groundworks

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

192,013

193.83

374.60

281.15

2,906 3,297 3,993 3,056 3,650 4,418

2.93 3.33 4.03 3.09 3.68 4.46

5.67 6.43 7.79 5.96 7.12 8.62

4.26 4.83 5.85 4.48 5.34 6.47

Tonne Tonne m3

89,512 7,220 71,828

90.36 7.29 72.51

174.63 14.09 140.13

131.06 10.57 105.17

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

797,964 829,882 727,223 771,983 771,983 762,705 786,829 825,280 857,644

805.53 837.75 734.12 779.30 779.30 769.93 794.29 833.10 865.77

1,556.76 1,619.03 1,418.75 1,506.07 1,506.07 1,487.97 1,535.04 1,610.05 1,673.19

1,168.39 1,215.12 1,064.81 1,130.35 1,130.35 1,116.76 1,152.08 1,208.38 1,255.77

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

938 1,262 407

0.95 1.27 0.41

1.83 2.46 0.79

1.37 1.85 0.60

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

7,436 11,552 16,693

7.51 11.66 16.85

14.51 22.54 32.57

10.89 16.91 24.44

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

4,728 6,047 3,425

4.77 6.10 3.46

9.22 11.80 6.68

6.92 8.85 5.02

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

41,929 33,000 55,145

42.33 33.31 55.67

81.80 64.38 107.58

61.39 48.32 80.74

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

894

0.90

1.74

1.31

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

768

0.78

1.50

1.12

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

4,407

4.45

8.60

6.45

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

29,309 21,028

29.59 21.23

57.18 41.02

42.91 30.79

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

188,668 219,398 265,421

190.46 221.48 267.94

368.08 428.03 517.81

276.25 321.24 388.63

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

35,592 96,290 75,675 87,670

35.93 97.20 76.39 88.50

69.44 187.85 147.64 171.04

52.11 140.99 110.80 128.37

Thermal and moisture protection

471,956 779,202

476.43 920.75 691.04 786.59 1,520.16 1,140.92

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

2,345

2.37

4.58

3.43

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

34,423 19,826

34.75 20.01

67.16 38.68

50.40 29.03

20,979 28,113 26,198 26,198

21.18 28.38 26.45 26.45

40.93 54.85 51.11 51.11

30.72 41.16 38.36 38.36

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

94

Gabon

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

1,382

1.40

2.70

2.02

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

6,232

6.29

12.16

9.12

m

3,763

3.80

7.34

5.51

m3 m3

22,279 30,144

22.49 30.43

43.46 58.81

32.62 44.14

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

7,623 15,522 24,348

7.69 15.67 24.58

14.87 30.28 47.50

11.16 22.73 35.65

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

13,584 28,583

13.71 28.85

26.50 55.76

19.89 41.85

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

86,904 82,944

87.73 83.73

169.54 161.82

127.25 121.45

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

87,309 87,167 83,182

88.14 87.99 83.97

170.33 170.05 162.28

127.84 127.63 121.80

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

92,930 92,774

93.81 93.65

181.30 180.99

136.07 135.84

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

96,453 93,225 91,085

97.37 94.11 91.95

188.17 181.87 177.70

141.23 136.50 133.37

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

571,953 556,443 542,180 529,798 519,545

577.37 561.72 547.32 534.82 524.47

1,115.83 1,085.57 1,057.75 1,033.59 1,013.59

837.46 814.75 793.87 775.74 760.72

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

599,650 584,140 569,877 557,495 547,242

605.33 589.68 575.28 562.78 552.43

1,169.87 1,139.61 1,111.78 1,087.63 1,067.62

878.01 855.30 834.42 816.29 801.28

5,201 5,760 6,732

5.25 5.82 6.80

10.15 11.24 13.13

7.62 8.43 9.86

Unit Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

1,034,718 1,091,189

1,044.52 2,018.65 1,515.04 1,101.53 2,128.82 1,597.73

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

973,656 1,021,901

982.88 1,899.52 1,425.64 1,031.59 1,993.64 1,496.28

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

1,378 1,801

1.39 1.82

2.69 3.51

2.02 2.64

m2 m2 m2

9,965 15,324 22,011

10.06 15.47 22.22

19.44 29.90 42.94

14.59 22.44 32.23

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red m2 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red m2

44,645 18,548

45.07 18.72

87.10 36.19

65.37 27.16

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

2,911 3,822 6,496

2.94 3.86 6.56

5.68 7.46 12.67

4.26 5.60 9.51

m2

45,251

45.68

88.28

66.26

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,681 1,740 1,688 2,533

1.70 1.76 1.70 2.56

3.28 3.40 3.29 4.94

2.46 2.55 2.47 3.71

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,703 1,777 1,733 1,763

1.72 1.79 1.75 1.78

3.32 3.47 3.38 3.44

2.49 2.60 2.54 2.58

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

807,988 815.65 1,576.32 1,111,585 1,122.12 2,168.61 1,522,363 1,536.79 2,970.00 2,032,994 2,052.26 3,966.20

1,183.06 1,627.59 2,229.06 2,976.73

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

900,928 909.47 1,757.63 1,850,139 1,867.67 3,609.46 3,620,165 3,654.47 7,062.63

1,319.15 2,708.99 5,300.68

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

26,004 47,828

26.25 48.28

50.73 93.31

38.08 70.03

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

215,969

218.02

421.34

316.22

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

106,076

107.08

206.95

155.32

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

140,899

142.23

274.88

206.31

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

214,466 420,273

216.50 424.26

418.40 819.92

314.02 615.37

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

214,262

216.29

418.01

313.72

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

4,446

4.49

8.67

6.51

m m

6,951 8,639

7.02 8.72

13.56 16.85

10.18 12.65

m

7,976

8.05

15.56

11.68

Nr Nr

25,880 45,292

26.13 45.72

50.49 88.36

37.89 66.32

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

2,870 5,014 6,786

2.90 5.06 6.85

5.60 9.78 13.24

4.20 7.34 9.94

Nr Nr

3,823 11,262

3.86 11.37

7.46 21.97

5.60 16.49

Nr Nr

6,168 7,210

6.23 7.28

12.03 14.07

9.03 10.56

Nr

10,012

10.11

19.53

14.66

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

102

Gabon

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2 12,057 64,455 81,477 26,827 19,738 36,491 19,990 20,649 27,457 16,813 47,911 58,496 41,839 59,213 19,021

129,786 693,798 877,018 288,770 212,455 392,784 215,168 222,271 295,552 180,972 515,717 629,654 450,360 637,364 204,745

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

131 700 885 292 214 397 217 224 298 183 521 636 455 643 207

253 1,354 1,711 563 414 766 420 434 577 353 1,006 1,228 879 1,243 399

190 1,016 1,284 423 311 575 315 325 433 265 755 922 659 933 300

Facility type

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2

Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

24,838 33,851 29,712 27,776 45,869 37,936 47,871 39,967 40,669 41,054 43,713 43,365 57,462 51,765 45,762 25,700 40,526 40,453 44,210 53,164 45,961 55,956 59,053 52,272 39,117 45,825 31,603 45,842 59,053 53,074 49,350 40,622 37,883 65,550 37,087 47,321 34,183 55,482

267,353 364,371 319,824 298,979 493,729 408,347 515,289 430,207 437,760 441,900 470,527 466,779 618,518 557,194 492,587 276,634 436,225 435,440 475,882 572,257 494,728 602,312 635,651 562,655 421,055 493,265 340,170 493,443 635,651 571,293 531,208 437,260 407,776 705,577 399,209 509,363 367,941 597,208

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

270 368 323 302 498 412 520 434 442 446 475 471 624 562 497 279 440 440 480 578 499 608 642 568 425 498 343 498 642 577 536 441 412 712 403 514 371 603

522 711 624 583 963 797 1,005 839 854 862 918 911 1,207 1,087 961 540 851 850 928 1,116 965 1,175 1,240 1,098 821 962 664 963 1,240 1,115 1,036 853 796 1,377 779 994 718 1,165

391 534 468 438 723 598 754 630 641 647 689 683 906 816 721 405 639 638 697 838 724 882 931 824 617 722 498 723 931 836 778 640 597 1,033 585 746 539 874

104

Gabon

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the CFA Franc against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the CFA Franc with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

105

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Consumer price inflation in Gabon has historically been reasonably low over the last decade, with the exceptions of 1995 where inflation was 9.6% and 1999 which had negative inflation of –0.7%. The average inflation figure from 1996 to 2001 is 1.5%. The subsequent period, 2002 to 2003, saw the annual rate of inflation fall to 0.2% in 2002 but rebounding in 2003 with a figure of 2.0% reported. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a continuation of the previous years’ inflationary level with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 2.0% from figures provided by the Gabon authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 100.7 104.7 107.1 106.4 107.0 109.2 109.4 111.6 113.8

9.6 0.7 4.0 2.3 –0.7 0.6 2.1 0.2 2.0 2.0

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

107

Useful addresses Public Organisations

Foreign embassies

Ministry of Mines, Energy and Petroleum BP 576 Libreville Gabon Tel: (00241) 763 556 Fax: (00241) 724 990

British High Commission Avenue Winston Churchill BP 547 Yaoundé Cameroon Tel: (00237) 222 0545 Fax: (00237) 222 0148 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britcam.org

Embassy of the Gabonese Republic in Japan 1-34-11 Higashigaoka Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-0021 Japan Tel: (0081) 3 5430 9171 Fax: (0081) 3 5430 9175 Email: [email protected] Website: www.geocities.jp/gabonjp Embassy of the Gabonese Republic in Washington 2034 20th Street, NW, Suite 200 Washington DC 20009 United States of America Tel: (001) 202 797 1000 Fax: (001) 202 332 0668

American Embassy Blvd. De la Mer BP 4000 Libreville Gabon Tel: (00241) 762 003 Fax: (00241) 745 507 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/ libreville Chinese Embassy in Gabon BP 3914 Libreville Gabon Tel: (00241) 743 208 Fax: (00241) 738 645 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmprc.gov.cn

108

Gabon

Industrial organisations Chamber of Commerce d'agriculture, d'industrie et des mines du Gabon BP 2234 Libreville Gabon Tel: (00241) 722 064 Fax: (00241) 746 477

ExxonMobil Oil Gabon BP 145 Libreville Gabon Tel: (00241) 702 374 Fax: (00241) 702 375 Website: www.exxonmobil.com

Ghana ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

20.8 million 45% 38% 4% 1.4%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

230,940 sq km 30% Accra 1.7 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

953 km 11,655 km 27,744 km 1,293 km n.a. 74 km n.a. 2 8 ships Kotoka International Airport, Accra

Economy Monetary unit Cedi Exchange rate £ Stg 17,390.1 US $ 9,020.0 Euro 12,001.6 Yen (×100) 8,764.9 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 21.1% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 8.6% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$7.7 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$44.4 billion GDP per capita US$370 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$2,200 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 4.4% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 82.9% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 11.5% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 24.5%

Construction Gross value of construction output Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source:

The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank The Central Bank of Ghana

All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

US$623.7 million 8.1%

Country profile

111

Country profile Ghana lies on both the Greenwich Meridian and the equator in the west coast region of Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean at the Gold Coast with Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north and Togo to the east. Accra, the capital of Ghana, is situated on the coast. The climate is generally tropical and humid, with daily temperatures varying between 23ºC and 30ºC. There are comparatively dry conditions along the south-east coast, hot and dry in the north and hot and humid in the south-west of the country. In the south the dry season lasts from March through October and in the north from March to August. The Republic of Ghana has been an independent state since 1957 when British rule ended and has had intermittent military rule throughout its history since that time. The country is now governed by a constitutional democracy and is divided into ten administrative divisions. The president, as both the chief of state and head of government, nominates members of the Council of Ministers. Legislative power lies with a unicameral parliament whose members are elected by direct and popular vote. Ghana's legal system is based on English common law and customary law. Ghana is a member of the United Nations, African Union and the World Trade Organisation and a number of other international organisations. Ethnic Africans constitute the vast majority of the population with less than 1% being European or other nationals. The principal religions are Christian and Islam with the rest being other minorities. English is the official language although there are several other African languages including Ga, Dagomba, Akan and Ewe. The Ghanaian construction industry recorded growth of 3.5% on average during the last decade, largely contributable to strong housing demand and infrastructure development such as the road network. Only about 10% of its work force is employed in the industry sector which includes construction as a sub-sector. The estimated cost for the road sub-sector development programme under the current strategic plan is US$1,970 million.

112

Ghana

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs for the southern area of Ghana and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost of that labour to the employer. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

48,854 60,854 114,021 101,252 114,021 101,252 114,021 114,021 114,021 106,046 114,021 60,854 114,021 106,046 114,021 125,856 125,856

2.87 3.58 6.70 5.95 6.70 5.95 6.70 6.70 6.70 6.23 6.70 3.58 6.70 6.23 6.70 7.40 7.40

5.49 6.84 12.81 11.38 12.81 11.38 12.81 12.81 12.81 11.91 12.81 6.84 12.81 11.91 12.81 14.14 14.14

4.13 5.14 9.63 8.56 9.63 8.56 9.63 9.63 9.63 8.96 9.63 5.14 9.63 8.96 9.63 10.64 10.64

Construction cost data

113

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site in southern Ghana, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

312,998 271,960 114,939 183,573

18.40 15.99 6.76 10.79

35.17 30.56 12.91 20.63

26.45 22.98 9.71 15.51

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

111,993 169,098 55,561

6.58 9.94 3.27

12.58 19.00 6.24

9.46 14.29 4.70

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

284,289 227,358 179,537

16.71 13.36 10.55

31.94 25.54 20.17

24.02 19.21 15.17

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

34,471 53,576 290,090

2.03 3.15 17.05

3.87 6.02 32.59

2.91 4.53 24.51

114

Ghana

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site at an average location value in southern Ghana, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

242,316 230,531 196,797 189,093

14.24 13.55 11.57 11.11

27.23 25.90 22.11 21.25

20.48 19.48 16.63 15.98

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

97,144 202,852 325,871 166,024 249,324

5.71 11.92 19.15 9.76 14.66

10.91 22.79 36.61 18.65 28.01

8.21 17.14 27.54 14.03 21.07

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

1,089,235 1,154,996

64.03 67.89

122.38 129.77

92.04 97.60

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

6,538,637 6,538,637 6,538,637 6,538,637 6,538,637 7,252,259 7,252,259 7,252,259 7,252,259 7,252,259 7,142,750 56,321

384.35 384.35 384.35 384.35 384.35 426.29 426.29 426.29 426.29 426.29 419.86 3.31

734.64 734.64 734.64 734.64 734.64 814.81 814.81 814.81 814.81 814.81 802.51 6.33

552.53 552.53 552.53 552.53 552.53 612.83 612.83 612.83 612.83 612.83 603.57 4.76

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

3,189,178

187.46

358.31

269.49

48,086 53,687 64,170 50,766 60,629 73,375

2.83 3.16 3.77 2.98 3.56 4.31

5.40 6.03 7.21 5.70 6.81 8.24

4.06 4.54 5.42 4.29 5.12 6.20

Tonne Tonne m3

1,486,713 116,616 1,192,997

87.39 6.85 70.13

167.04 13.10 134.04

125.63 9.85 100.81

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

12,267,197 12,757,884 12,078,565 12,841,227 12,841,227 12,667,884 12,267,197 13,707,205 13,371,244

721.07 749.92 709.99 754.82 754.82 744.63 721.07 805.72 785.97

1,378.26 1,433.39 1,357.07 1,442.75 1,442.75 1,423.28 1,378.26 1,540.05 1,502.30

1,036.60 1,078.06 1,020.66 1,085.10 1,085.10 1,070.46 1,036.60 1,158.28 1,129.89

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

15,587 20,963 6,768

0.92 1.23 0.40

1.75 2.36 0.76

1.32 1.77 0.57

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

123,511 191,863 269,904

7.26 11.28 15.87

13.88 21.56 30.32

10.44 16.21 22.81

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

78,522 100,443 56,892

4.62 5.90 3.34

8.82 11.29 6.39

6.64 8.49 4.81

Price Material resources

Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Thermal and moisture protection Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

683,758 548,919 883,806

40.19 32.27 51.95

76.82 61.67 99.30

57.78 46.38 74.68

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

14,856

0.87

1.67

1.26

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 7,838,793 1000 12,718,196

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

12,752

0.75

1.43

1.08

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

71,580

4.21

8.04

6.05

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

486,790 356,007

28.61 20.93

54.69 40.00

41.13 30.08

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

2,923,715 3,644,008 4,408,416

171.86 214.20 259.13

328.49 409.42 495.30

247.06 307.92 372.52

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

591,148 1,599,304 1,256,905 1,424,080

34.75 94.01 73.88 83.71

66.42 179.69 141.22 160.00

49.95 135.14 106.21 120.34

460.77 880.71 662.39 747.58 1,428.93 1,074.71

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

38,956

2.29

4.38

3.29

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

557,860 329,288

32.79 19.36

62.68 37.00

47.14 27.83

348,436 466,938 432,944 432,944

20.48 27.45 25.45 25.45

39.15 52.46 48.64 48.64

29.44 39.46 36.58 36.58

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

118

Ghana

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

Cedi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

22,845

1.34

2.57

1.93

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

102,986

6.05

11.57

8.70

m

62,141

3.65

6.98

5.25

m3 m3

374,855 504,717

22.03 29.67

42.12 56.71

31.68 42.65

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Cedi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

124,446 257,930 413,592

7.32 15.16 24.31

13.98 28.98 46.47

10.52 21.80 34.95

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

214,814 481,217

12.63 28.29

24.13 54.07

18.15 40.66

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

1,443,359 1,377,595

84.84 80.98

162.17 154.78

121.97 116.41

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05-0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

1,450,042 1,447,697 1,381,522

85.23 85.10 81.21

162.92 162.65 155.22

122.53 122.33 116.74

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

1,543,493 1,540,887

90.73 90.57

173.42 173.12

130.43 130.21

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

1,601,985 1,548,380 1,512,828

94.17 91.01 88.93

179.99 173.97 169.97

135.37 130.84 127.84

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description

Price Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

9,135,307 8,870,682 8,624,260 8,416,567 8,244,338

536.98 1,026.38 521.42 996.65 506.94 968.96 494.73 945.63 484.61 926.28

771.95 749.59 728.76 711.21 696.66

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

9,991,654 9,727,029 9,480,607 9,272,914 9,100,685

587.32 571.76 557.28 545.07 534.94

1,122.59 1,092.86 1,065.18 1,041.84 1,022.49

844.31 821.95 801.13 783.58 769.02

86,700 94,920 109,790

5.10 5.58 6.45

9.74 10.66 12.34

7.33 8.02 9.28

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Price Unit

Cedi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

15,988,017 16,880,510

939.79 1,796.31 1,351.01 992.25 1,896.58 1,426.43

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

16,171,389 15,991,701

950.56 1,816.91 1,366.51 940.00 1,796.72 1,351.32

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

23,008 30,048

1.35 1.77

2.58 3.38

1.94 2.54

m2 m2 m2

165,857 254,990 356,857

9.75 14.99 20.98

18.63 28.65 40.09

14.02 21.55 30.16

m2 m2

742,820 305,348

43.66 17.95

83.46 34.31

62.77 25.80

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

Cedi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

48,668 63,851 108,359

2.86 3.75 6.37

5.47 7.17 12.17

4.11 5.40 9.16

m2

735,143

43.21

82.60

62.12

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

28,014 29,032 28,142 42,212

1.65 1.71 1.65 2.48

3.15 3.26 3.16 4.74

2.37 2.45 2.38 3.57

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

28,396 29,669 28,905 29,414

1.67 1.74 1.70 1.73

3.19 3.33 3.25 3.30

2.40 2.51 2.44 2.49

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description £ Stg

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

13,425,985 789.19 18,471,476 1,085.77 25,297,138 1,486.98 33,781,287 1,985.69

1,508.45 2,075.33 2,842.22 3,795.44

1,134.52 1,560.87 2,137.65 2,854.57

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

14,962,535 879.51 30,727,761 1,806.20 57,806,725 3,397.92

1,681.09 1,264.36 3,452.36 2,596.54 6,494.77 4,884.76

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

432,253 755,404

25.41 44.40

48.57 84.87

36.53 63.83

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

3,590,063

211.03

403.36

303.37

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

1,764,086

103.69

198.20

149.07

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

2,341,712

137.65

263.10

197.88

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

3,357,097 6,982,634

197.33 410.44

377.18 784.52

283.68 590.04

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

3,353,920

197.15

376.82

283.41

Unit

Cedi

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

Cedi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

73,889

4.34

8.30

6.24

m m

115,645 143,694

6.80 8.45

12.99 16.14

9.77 12.14

m

132,542

7.79

14.89

11.20

Nr Nr

430,180 752,617

25.29 44.24

48.33 84.56

36.35 63.60

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Cedi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

47,767 83,450 112,962

2.81 4.91 6.64

5.37 9.38 12.69

4.04 7.05 9.55

Nr Nr

63,671 187,212

3.74 11.00

7.15 21.03

5.38 15.82

Nr Nr

100,200 119,873

5.89 7.05

11.26 13.47

8.47 10.13

Nr

166,420

9.78

18.70

14.06

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

126

Ghana

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Cedi/ft2 199,042 1,064,021 1,345,012 442,863 325,825 602,382 329,985 340,879 453,264 277,542 790,913 965,650 690,681 977,474 314,000

Cedi/m2 £ Stg/m2 2,142,489 11,453,126 14,477,712 4,766,980 3,507,177 6,484,035 3,551,960 3,669,219 4,878,936 2,987,464 8,513,390 10,394,255 7,434,485 10,521,532 3,379,901

126 673 851 280 206 381 209 216 287 176 500 611 437 618 199

US $/m2 Euro/m2 241 1,287 1,627 536 394 729 399 412 548 336 957 1,168 835 1,182 380

181 968 1,223 403 296 548 300 310 412 252 719 878 628 889 286

Facility type

Cedi/ft2

Shopping Centres 410,018 Department Stores 558,807 Hypermarkets / Supermarkets 490,489 Shops 458,519 Stadia 757,192 Pavilions and Sports Club Houses 626,249 Religious Buildings 790,256 Schools 659,773 Sixth Form Colleges 671,357 Universities 677,707 Colleges 721,610 Research Facilities 715,862 Laboratories 948,570 Exhibition Buildings 854,523 Public Libraries 755,440 Flats 424,251 Housing Detached 669,003 Hotels 667,798 Halls of Residence 729,821 Fire Stations 877,625 Police Stations 758,725 Closed Prisons 923,717 Hospitals 974,847 Intensive Care / Acute Wards 862,899 Health Centres 645,737 Nursing Homes 756,480 Homes for the Elderly 521,692 Day Centres 756,754 Veterinary Hospitals 974,847 Restaurants 876,147 Theatres 814,671 Cinemas 670,590 Clubs 625,373 Covered Swimming Pools 1,082,086 Sports Centres exc. Pools 612,235 Sports Centres inc. Pools 781,169 Sports Halls 564,281 Gymnasia 915,889

Cedi/m2 £ Stg/m2 4,413,434 6,014,997 5,279,622 4,935,503 8,150,416 6,740,945 8,506,319 7,101,798 7,226,482 7,294,834 7,767,408 7,705,537 10,210,411 9,198,091 8,131,560 4,566,637 7,201,145 7,188,181 7,855,794 9,446,752 8,166,915 9,942,895 10,493,248 9,288,245 6,950,716 8,142,756 5,615,490 8,145,702 10,493,248 9,430,842 8,769,122 7,218,233 6,731,518 11,647,576 6,590,099 8,408,505 6,073,922 9,858,633

259 354 310 290 479 396 500 417 425 429 457 453 600 541 478 268 423 423 462 555 480 584 617 546 409 479 330 479 617 554 515 424 396 685 387 494 357 579

US $/m2 Euro/m2 496 676 593 555 916 757 956 798 812 820 873 866 1,147 1,033 914 513 809 808 883 1,061 918 1,117 1,179 1,044 781 915 631 915 1,179 1,060 985 811 756 1,309 740 945 682 1,108

373 508 446 417 689 570 719 600 611 616 656 651 863 777 687 386 609 607 664 798 690 840 887 785 587 688 475 688 887 797 741 610 569 984 557 711 513 833

128

Ghana

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Ghanaian Cedi against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Ghanaian Cedi with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

129

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Consumer price inflation in Ghana has historically been considerably high over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 is 31.0%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, saw the annual rate of inflation fall slightly to an average rate of 24.7%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a considerable fall, by Ghanaian standards, in the annual rate of inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 8.6% from figures provided by the Ghanaian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 146.6 187.4 214.8 241.5 302.3 401.8 461.4 583.4 633.8

59.5 46.6 27.8 14.6 12.4 25.2 32.9 14.8 26.4 8.6

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

131

Useful addresses Public organisations Ministry of Information (MoI) Information Services Department PO Box 745 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 225 014 Fax: (00233) 21 253 800 Email: [email protected] Website: www.moi.gov.gh Energy Commission FREMA House Plot 40 Spintex Road Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 813 756 Fax: (00233) 21 813 764 Email: [email protected] Website: www.energycom.gov.gh Ministry of Finance PO Box M40 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 665 441 Fax: (00233) 21 667 069 Website: www.finance.gov.gh

National Development Planning Commission Flagstaff House PO Box CT-633 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 773 011 Fax: (00233) 21 773 055 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ndpc.gov.gh Ministry of Manpower Development and Employment Public Relations PO Box MB 84 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 684 532 Fax: (00233) 21 667 251 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mmde.gov.gh Bank of Ghana One Thorpe Road PO Box 2674 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 666 174 Fax: (00233) 21 662 996 Email: [email protected] Website: www.bog.gov.gh

132

Ghana

Foreign embassies British High Commission Osu Link Off Gamel Abdul Nasser Avenue PO Box 296 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 701 0650 Fax: (00233) 21 701 0655 Email: High.Commission.Accra@ fco.gov.uk Website: www.britishhighcommission. gov.uk/ghana

Embassy of the People’s Republic of China 6 Agostino Neto Road Airport Residential Area PO Box 3356 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 777 073 Fax: (00233) 21 774 527 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmprc.gov.cn

American Embassy Foreign Commercial Service Ridge Roundabout PO Box GP 194 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 679 751 Fax: (00233) 21 679 756 Email: accra_office_box@mail. doc.gov Website: usembassy.state.gov/ accra

Taysec Construction Ltd 2 Kwashie Street North Industrial Area P O Box OS 1010 Accra Ghana Tel: (00233) 21 228 544 Fax: (00233) 21 220 280 Email: [email protected]. com Website: www.taylorwoodrow.com

Industrial organisations

Guinea ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

9.2 million 35% 44% 3% 2.4%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

245,857 sq km 6% Conakry 1.9 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

837 km 5,033 km 25,467 km 1,295 km n.a. n.a. n.a. 3 3 ships Conakry International Airport

Economy Monetary unit Guinean Franc Exchange rate £ Stg 5,288.4 US $ 2,743.0 Euro 3,649.7 Yen (×100) 2,665.4 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 6.3% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 8.8% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$3.6 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$19 billion GDP per capita U$391 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$2,100 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 3.6% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 85.2% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 7.5% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 21.2%

Construction Gross value of construction output Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source:

The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Office of Private Investment Promotion – Guinea

All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

US$363.6 million 10.1%

Country profile

135

Country profile Guinea is located on the West African coast bordering six countries - Côte d'Ivoire to the east, Mali and Senegal to the north, Guinea-Bissau to the west and Liberia and Sierra Leone to the south. The country possesses the world's largest bauxite reserves and a significant number of deposits of other natural resources including diamonds, gold, iron ore and petroleum. It can broadly be divided into four zones: a narrow coastal belt, north-western hill region, central savannah, which is the source of the river Niger, and the south-eastern rain forest. The climate is tropical and humid with average temperatures between 23ºC and 32ºC on the coast. The wet season runs from early May to mid November and the dry season, featured by the north-westerly harmattan winds from the Sahara desert, lasts from November to April. Guinea is one of the wettest countries in West Africa and receives over four metres of rain a year in Conakry. The Republic of Guinea has been an independent state since 1958 when French rule ceased. The president, elected by popular vote, as chief of state, appoints the prime minister and the Council of Ministers. The legislative power lies with the unicameral People's National Assembly, or Assemblee Nationale Populaire, whose members are elected by direct and popular vote to serve five-year terms. Guinea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, the Economic Community of West African States, the World Trade Organisation and other international organisations. The principal religion is Islam which accounts for over 80% of the population with the rest being Christian and other minorities. The official language is French with a number of African languages also spoken. The Guinea construction industry is largely involved in development of the country’s enriched mining sector and housing. Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower and agricultural resources, however it remains an underdeveloped nation.

136

Guinea

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs throughout Guinea and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for the employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

16,179 18,606 34,381 30,943 34,381 30,943 34,381 34,381 34,381 32,662 34,381 18,606 34,381 32,662 34,381 37,819 37,819

3.08 3.55 6.56 5.90 6.56 5.90 6.56 6.56 6.56 6.23 6.56 3.55 6.56 6.23 6.56 7.21 7.21

5.90 6.78 12.53 11.28 12.53 11.28 12.53 12.53 12.53 11.90 12.53 6.78 12.53 11.90 12.53 13.78 13.78

4.43 5.10 9.42 8.48 9.42 8.48 9.42 9.42 9.42 8.95 9.42 5.10 9.42 8.95 9.42 10.37 10.37

Construction cost data

137

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to site in Guinea, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

97,183 81,463 35,443 55,738

18.53 15.53 6.76 10.63

35.42 29.69 12.92 20.31

26.64 22.33 9.71 15.28

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

34,300 53,451 17,150

6.54 10.19 3.27

12.50 19.48 6.25

9.40 14.65 4.70

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

92,610 69,444 55,561

17.66 13.24 10.59

33.75 25.31 20.25

25.38 19.03 15.23

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

11,482 17,562 92,473

2.19 3.35 17.63

4.18 6.40 33.70

3.15 4.81 25.35

138

Guinea

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site at an average location value in Guinea, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

77,786 72,508 64,698 61,635

14.83 13.82 12.34 11.75

28.35 26.42 23.58 22.46

21.32 19.87 17.73 16.89

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

31,311 65,381 104,980 55,565 79,535

5.97 12.47 20.02 10.59 15.16

11.41 23.83 38.26 20.25 28.98

8.58 17.92 28.77 15.23 21.80

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

354,356 371,324

67.56 70.80

129.14 135.32

97.13 101.78

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

2,208,546 2,208,546 2,208,546 2,208,546 2,208,546 2,365,531 2,365,531 2,365,531 2,365,531 2,365,531 2,294,855 18,596

421.09 421.09 421.09 421.09 421.09 451.02 451.02 451.02 451.02 451.02 437.54 3.55

804.86 804.86 804.86 804.86 804.86 862.07 862.07 862.07 862.07 862.07 836.32 6.78

605.34 605.34 605.34 605.34 605.34 648.37 648.37 648.37 648.37 648.37 629.00 5.10

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

1,028,923

196.18

374.97

282.02

15,575 17,826 21,374 16,542 19,541 22,983

2.97 3.40 4.08 3.15 3.73 4.38

5.68 6.50 7.79 6.03 7.12 8.38

4.27 4.89 5.86 4.53 5.36 6.30

Tonne Tonne m3

460,484 38,279 382,593

87.80 7.30 72.95

167.81 13.95 139.43

126.21 10.49 104.87

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

4,232,010 4,401,291 3,893,052 4,132,667 4,132,667 4,082,996 4,212,142 4,417,980 4,591,234

806.88 839.16 742.26 787.94 787.94 778.47 803.10 842.34 875.37

1,542.28 1,603.97 1,418.75 1,506.07 1,506.07 1,487.97 1,535.04 1,610.05 1,673.19

1,159.96 1,206.36 1,067.05 1,132.73 1,132.73 1,119.11 1,154.51 1,210.93 1,258.42

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

5,074 6,776 2,177

0.97 1.29 0.42

1.85 2.47 0.79

1.39 1.86 0.60

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

39,417 61,235 87,639

7.52 11.68 16.71

14.36 22.32 31.94

10.80 16.78 24.02

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

25,183 31,817 17,977

4.80 6.07 3.43

9.18 11.60 6.55

6.90 8.72 4.93

Price Material resources

Unit

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Thermal and moisture protection Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

224,680 179,661 286,561

42.84 34.25 54.64

81.88 65.47 104.43

61.58 49.24 78.54

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

4,814

0.92

1.75

1.32

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

4,070

0.78

1.48

1.12

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

23,359

4.45

8.51

6.40

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

158,141 111,482

30.15 21.26

57.63 40.63

43.34 30.56

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

1,014,833 1,185,962 1,434,608

193.49 226.12 273.53

369.84 432.20 522.82

278.16 325.06 393.21

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

192,126 509,639 404,476 465,147

36.63 97.17 77.12 88.69

70.02 185.73 147.40 169.51

52.66 139.69 110.86 127.49

2,501,636 4,130,111

476.97 911.67 685.68 787.46 1,505.14 1,132.03

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

GNF

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

12,556

2.39

4.58

3.44

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

184,277 106,133

35.13 20.24

67.16 38.68

50.51 29.09

112,305 150,499 140,244 140,244

21.41 28.69 26.74 26.74

40.93 54.85 51.11 51.11

30.78 41.25 38.44 38.44

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

142

Guinea

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

6,843

1.30

2.49

1.88

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

30,906

5.89

11.26

8.47

m

18,811

3.59

6.86

5.16

m3 m3

120,504 157,281

22.98 29.99

43.92 57.32

33.03 43.11

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

40,076 83,095 133,191

7.64 15.84 25.39

14.61 30.28 48.54

10.98 22.78 36.51

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

71,732 150,302

13.68 28.66

26.14 54.77

19.66 41.20

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

469,595 448,198

89.53 85.45

171.14 163.34

128.71 122.85

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

471,808 471,032 449,498

89.96 89.81 85.70

171.94 171.66 163.81

129.32 129.11 123.20

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

496,158 495,329

94.60 94.44

180.82 180.51

135.99 135.77

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

514,760 497,567 486,165

98.15 94.87 92.69

187.59 181.33 177.17

141.09 136.38 133.25

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

3,054,156 2,971,277 2,895,139 2,829,177 2,774,550

582.31 566.51 551.99 539.42 529.00

1,113.03 1,082.83 1,055.08 1,031.04 1,011.13

837.12 814.40 793.53 775.45 760.48

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

3,242,538 3,159,659 3,083,521 3,017,559 2,962,933

618.23 602.43 587.91 575.33 564.92

1,181.68 1,151.48 1,123.73 1,099.69 1,079.79

888.75 866.03 845.17 827.09 812.11

27,834 31,027 36,008

5.31 5.92 6.87

10.14 11.31 13.12

7.63 8.50 9.87

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

5,480,156 1,044.86 1,997.14 1,502.06 5,777,408 1,101.53 2,105.47 1,583.54

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

5,208,457 993.06 1,898.13 1,427.59 5,464,937 1,041.96 1,991.60 1,497.89

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

7,436 9,663

1.42 1.84

2.71 3.52

2.04 2.65

m2 m2 m2

52,816 81,229 115,599

10.07 15.49 22.04

19.25 29.60 42.13

14.48 22.26 31.68

m2 m2

236,998 98,510

45.19 18.78

86.37 35.90

64.96 27.00

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 x 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

15,503 20,356 34,602

2.96 3.88 6.60

5.65 7.42 12.61

4.25 5.58 9.48

m2

242,185

46.18

88.26

66.38

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

8,987 9,301 9,027 13,540

1.71 1.77 1.72 2.58

3.28 3.39 3.29 4.93

2.46 2.55 2.47 3.71

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

9,105 9,497 9,262 9,419

1.74 1.81 1.77 1.80

3.32 3.46 3.38 3.43

2.50 2.60 2.54 2.58

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description GNF

£ Stg

Price US $

Euro

7

Mechanical engineering

Nr Nr Nr Nr

4,325,010 5,950,061 8,148,880 10,882,248

824.62 1,134.45 1,553.68 2,074.83

1,576.17 2,168.39 2,969.71 3,965.83

1,185.45 1,630.86 2,233.54 2,982.73

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

4,821,080 9,901,881 19,375,517

919.20 1,887.91 3,694.18

1,756.95 1,321.42 3,608.56 2,714.02 7,061.05 5,310.66

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

139,184 256,006

26.54 48.81

50.72 93.30

38.15 70.17

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

1,155,951

220.40

421.26

316.84

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

567,710

108.24

206.89

155.60

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

754,177

143.79

274.85

206.71

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

1,147,967 2,249,704

218.87 428.93

418.36 819.86

314.65 616.62

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

1,146,879

218.67

417.96

314.35

Unit

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

23,792

4.54

8.67

6.52

m m

37,171 46,206

7.09 8.81

13.55 16.84

10.19 12.66

m

42,682

8.14

15.55

11.70

Nr Nr

138,507 242,422

26.41 46.22

50.48 88.35

37.96 66.45

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

GNF

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Accessories Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

15,350 26,821 36,300

2.93 5.11 6.92

5.59 9.77 13.23

4.21 7.35 9.95

Nr Nr

20,168 59,603

3.85 11.36

7.35 21.72

5.53 16.34

Nr Nr

32,734 37,869

6.24 7.22

11.93 13.80

8.97 10.38

Nr

54,050

10.31

19.70

14.81

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

150

Guinea

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

GNF/ft2 63,329 338,540 427,943 140,906 103,668 191,660 104,991 108,458 144,215 88,306 251,645 307,241 219,754 311,003 99,906

GNF/m2 £ Stg/m2 681,677 3,644,045 4,606,378 1,516,711 1,115,880 2,063,028 1,130,128 1,167,437 1,552,333 950,523 2,708,708 3,307,143 2,365,433 3,347,639 1,075,384

130 695 878 289 213 393 215 223 296 181 516 631 451 638 205

US $/m2

Euro/m2

248 1,328 1,679 553 407 752 412 425 566 346 987 1,205 862 1,220 392

187 999 1,263 416 306 565 310 320 425 261 742 906 648 918 295

Construction cost data

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

GNF/ft2 130,456 177,796 156,059 145,887 240,916 199,254 251,436 209,920 213,606 215,626 229,595 227,766 301,807 271,884 240,359 134,984 212,857 212,474 232,207 279,234 241,404 293,899 310,167 274,549 205,454 240,690 165,987 240,777 310,167 278,764 259,204 213,362 198,975 344,288 194,795 248,545 179,538 291,409

151

GNF/m2 £ Stg/m2 1,404,224 1,913,794 1,679,819 1,570,331 2,593,220 2,144,769 2,706,458 2,259,581 2,299,252 2,321,000 2,471,359 2,451,673 3,248,650 2,926,560 2,587,221 1,452,968 2,291,191 2,287,066 2,499,481 3,005,676 2,598,470 3,163,534 3,338,640 2,955,244 2,211,512 2,590,783 1,786,682 2,591,721 3,338,640 3,000,614 2,790,074 2,296,627 2,141,769 3,705,913 2,096,774 2,675,337 1,932,542 3,136,724

268 365 320 299 494 409 516 431 438 443 471 467 619 558 493 277 437 436 477 573 495 603 637 563 422 494 341 494 637 572 532 438 408 707 400 510 368 598

US $/m2

Euro/m2

512 697 612 572 945 782 986 823 838 846 901 893 1,184 1,067 943 530 835 833 911 1,095 947 1,153 1,217 1,077 806 944 651 945 1,217 1,094 1,017 837 781 1,351 764 975 704 1,143

385 525 460 430 711 588 742 619 630 636 677 672 890 802 709 398 628 627 685 824 712 867 915 810 606 710 490 710 915 822 765 629 587 1,016 575 733 530 860

152

Guinea

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Guinean New Franc against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Guinean New Franc with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

153

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Consumer price inflation in Guinea has historically been relatively low, in comparison with other African countries, over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 was 4.5%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, saw the annual rate of inflation rise to an average rate of 7.1%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a continuation of high inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 8.8% from figures provided by the Guinean authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 103.2 105.2 110.6 115.6 123.5 130.2 134.1 151.4 164.7

5.4 3.2 1.9 5.1 4.5 6.8 5.4 3.0 12.9 8.8

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

155

Useful addresses Public organisations Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Private Enterprise BP 1092 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 415 222 Fax: (00224) 415 222 OPIP Office de Promotion des Investissements Privés Le Directeur Général BP 2024 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 414 985 Fax: (00224) 413 990 Honorary Consul for the Republic of Guinea 20 Upper Grosvenor Street London W1X 9PB United Kingdom Tel: (0044) 20 7333 0044 Fax: (0044) 20 7333 8312 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) BP 222 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 411 558 Fax: (00224) 412 485 Email: [email protected] Website: www.undp.org

UNAIDS BP 222 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 433 640 Fax: (00224) 433 624 Email: [email protected] Website: www.unaids.org United Nations Industrial Organisation (UNIDO) BP 222 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 413 161 Fax: (00224) 412 485 Email: boureima.diallo@afribone. net Website: www.undp.org Foreign embassies British Embassy BP 834 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 456 020 Fax: (00224) 456 020 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fco.gov.uk

156

Guinea

American Embassy BP 603 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 411 520 Fax: (00224) 411 522 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/ conakry Canadian Embassy BP 99 Corniche Sud Coleah Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 462 395 Fax: (00224) 464 235 Email: [email protected] Website: www.infoexport.gc.ca/gn Chinese Embassy BP 714 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 414 835 Fax: (00224) 462 299 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmprc.gov.cn

Industrial organisations Chamber of Commerce Chambre de Commerce and Industrie BP 545 Tombo Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 454 216 Fax: (00224) 452 951 Chambre de Agriculture BP 693 Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 413 031 Chambre des Mines BP 2773 Coléah Conakry Guinea Tel: (00224) 465 190

Kenya ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

32 million 36% 41% 3% 1.1%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

569,250 sq km 9% Nairobi 2.5 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbour Merchant Marine International Airport

2,778 km 7,737 km 56,205 km n.a. n.a. 752 km n.a. 3 3 ships Jomo Kenyatta, Nairobi

Economy Monetary unit Kenya Shilling Exchange rate £ Stg 156.6 US $ 81.2 Euro 108.1 78.9 Yen (×100) Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 6.5% Inflation rate (2004 est.) –0.2% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices Ksh1,091.6 billion (2003) GDP PPP basis (2003) US$33 billion GDP per capita Ksh34,113 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$1,000 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 1.1% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 73.9% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP 17.9% (2003) Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 14.3%

Construction Gross value of construction output Ksh26.2 billion Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP 2.4% Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Central Bank of Kenya All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

Country profile

159

Country profile Kenya is located in east Africa and lies on the equator. It borders Ethiopia to the north, Somalia and the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west and Sudan to the north-west. The land is arid in the north and fertile in the south-west. Nairobi, the capital, lies in the East African highlands and is the administrative, commercial and communications centre as well as a distribution centre for an agricultural area specialising in cattle, coffee and tea. The climate varies from arid in the interior to tropical along the coastal region. The country is subject to flooding during the rainy seasons and suffers from drought in the northern and eastern regions. The republic of Kenya gained independence from the UK in 1963 and administers a legal system based on a combination of English common law, tribal law and Islamic law. The president, as both the chief of state and head of government, appoints the cabinet. The legislative power lies with the unicameral National Assembly, or Bunge, comprising 224 seats, of which 210 are elected by popular vote to serve for five-year terms. Kenya is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, the World Trade Organisation and other international organisations. The principal religion is Christian with Islam and other small groups being minorities. The official languages are English and Kiswahili with a number of other local languages also spoken. The Kenyan construction industry contributes 2–5% of its GDP with private sector investment taking the leading role in building construction. The public sector has continued to dominate investment in the engineering sub-sector and for civil engineering projects such as roads.

160

Kenya

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs in the Kenya construction industry and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources are a combination of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

287 388 531 486 531 486 531 531 531 512 531 388 531 512 531 1,029 1,029

1.84 2.49 3.41 3.12 3.41 3.12 3.41 3.41 3.41 3.28 3.41 2.49 3.41 3.28 3.41 6.59 6.59

3.52 4.76 6.51 5.95 6.51 5.95 6.51 6.51 6.51 6.28 6.51 4.76 6.51 6.28 6.51 12.60 12.60

2.64 3.58 4.90 4.48 4.90 4.48 4.90 4.90 4.90 4.72 4.90 3.58 4.90 4.72 4.90 9.48 9.48

Construction cost data

161

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site in Kenya and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

2,506 2,178 915 1,470

16.06 13.96 5.86 9.42

30.70 26.68 11.21 18.01

23.09 20.06 8.43 13.54

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

889 1,354 445

5.69 8.68 2.85

10.88 16.59 5.45

8.19 12.48 4.10

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

2,277 1,742 1,401

14.59 11.17 8.98

27.89 21.34 17.16

20.97 16.05 12.91

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

276 429 2,323

1.77 2.75 14.89

3.38 5.26 28.46

2.54 3.95 21.40

162

Kenya

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site at an average location value in Kenya and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

1,840 1,793 1,580 1,400

11.79 11.49 10.13 8.97

22.54 21.96 19.35 17.15

16.95 16.51 14.56 12.90

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

790 1,584 2,578 1,343 1,982

5.06 10.15 16.52 8.61 12.70

9.67 19.40 31.58 16.45 24.28

7.28 14.59 23.75 12.37 18.26

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

14,214 14,647

91.10 93.87

174.12 179.42

130.96 134.95

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

66,038 66,038 66,038 66,038 66,038 72,766 72,766 72,766 72,766 72,766 69,754 479

423.22 423.22 423.22 423.22 423.22 466.34 466.34 466.34 466.34 466.34 447.04 3.07

808.94 808.94 808.94 808.94 808.94 891.35 891.35 891.35 891.35 891.35 854.47 5.87

608.41 608.41 608.41 608.41 608.41 670.39 670.39 670.39 670.39 670.39 642.65 4.42

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

25,799

165.34

316.03

237.69

607 890 1,195 555 869 1,181

3.89 5.70 7.66 3.55 5.57 7.57

7.44 10.90 14.63 6.79 10.65 14.47

5.60 8.20 11.01 5.11 8.01 10.88

Tonne Tonne m3

10,250 1,126 14,426

65.69 7.21 92.45

125.56 13.79 176.71

94.44 10.37 132.91

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

103,483 107,622 101,892 108,325 108,325 106,863 103,483 115,631 112,796

663.20 689.72 653.00 694.23 694.23 684.86 663.20 741.05 722.88

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg

1,267.63 953.39 1,318.34 991.53 1,248.14 938.73 1,326.95 998.00 1,326.95 998.00 1,309.04 984.53 1,267.63 953.39 1,416.43 1,065.31 1,381.72 1,039.20

Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

126 170 55

0.81 1.09 0.35

1.54 2.08 0.67

1.16 1.56 0.50

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

999 1,552 2,183

6.40 9.95 13.99

12.24 19.01 26.75

9.21 14.30 20.12

Price Material resources

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

kg kg kg

635 813 460

4.07 5.21 2.95

7.78 9.95 5.64

5.85 7.49 4.24

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

5,531 4,441 7,150

35.45 28.46 45.82

67.76 54.40 87.58

50.96 40.91 65.87

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

120

0.77

1.47

1.11

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

406.40 776.79 659.37 1,260.32

584.23 947.89

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

103

0.66

1.26

0.95

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

579

3.71

7.09

5.33

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

3,938 2,880

25.24 18.46

48.24 35.28

36.28 26.53

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed Nr

23,652 29,479 35,663

151.58 188.92 228.55

289.73 361.11 436.85

217.91 271.59 328.56

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass m2 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate m2 5 mm toughened safety glass m2 5.4 mm laminated safety glass m2

4,782 12,938 10,168 11,520

30.65 82.92 65.16 73.83

58.58 158.48 124.55 141.12

44.06 119.20 93.68 106.14

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

Unit

Thermal and moisture protection

63,413 102,886

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Ksh

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

m2

315

2.02

3.86

2.90

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile

m2 m2

4,513 2,664

28.92 17.07

55.28 32.63

41.58 24.54

5 5 5 5

2,819 3,777 3,502 3,502

18.06 24.21 22.45 22.45

34.53 46.27 42.90 42.90

25.97 34.80 32.27 32.27

Finishes

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

Litre Litre Litre Litre

166

Kenya

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Ksh

Euro

To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

183

1.17

2.24

1.69

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

821

5.26

10.05

7.56

m

494

3.17

6.06

4.56

m3 m3

2,820 3,951

18.07 25.32

34.55 48.40

25.98 36.40

Excavation

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Ksh

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

1,008 2,011 3,268

6.46 12.89 20.94

12.35 24.63 40.03

9.29 18.52 30.10

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

1,728 3,824

11.08 24.51

21.17 46.84

15.92 35.23

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

18,796 17,940

120.46 114.97

230.24 219.76

173.16 165.28

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

18,835 18,821 17,963

120.71 120.62 115.12

230.72 230.55 220.05

173.53 173.40 165.50

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

19,466 19,448

124.75 124.64

238.45 238.23

179.34 179.17

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

19,873 19,262 18,856

127.36 123.45 120.84

243.44 235.95 230.98

183.09 177.46 173.72

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Ksh

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

87,388 85,592 84,284 82,910 81,782

560.05 548.54 540.15 531.35 524.12

1,070.48 1,048.47 1,032.44 1,015.62 1,001.81

805.11 788.56 776.51 763.85 753.46

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

95,461 93,665 92,357 90,983 89,855

611.79 600.27 591.89 583.09 575.86

1,169.37 1,147.36 1,131.33 1,114.51 1,100.70

879.49 862.94 850.88 838.23 827.84

996 1,358 1,750

6.38 8.70 11.21

12.20 16.63 21.43

9.18 12.51 16.12

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

Ksh

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 133,600 Tonne 140,747

856.21 1,636.55 1,230.86 902.01 1,724.11 1,296.71

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne 135,083 Tonne 132,945

865.71 1,654.72 1,244.53 852.01 1,628.53 1,224.82

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

179 236

1.15 1.51

2.19 2.89

1.65 2.17

m2 m2 m2

1,321 2,035 2,850

8.47 13.04 18.26

16.18 24.92 34.91

12.17 18.75 26.26

m2 m2

5,932 2,393

38.02 15.34

72.67 29.32

54.65 22.05

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

Ksh

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

548 726 1,253

3.51 4.65 8.03

6.71 8.89 15.35

5.05 6.68 11.54

m2

5,943

38.09

72.80

54.75

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

217 222 218 327

1.39 1.42 1.40 2.09

2.66 2.72 2.67 4.00

2.00 2.05 2.01 3.01

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

219 225 221 224

1.40 1.44 1.42 1.43

2.68 2.76 2.71 2.74

2.02 2.07 2.04 2.06

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

Ksh

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

108,514 695.43 1,329.25 999.74 149,281 956.70 1,828.64 1,375.33 209,830 1,344.75 2,570.35 1,933.17 273,034 1,749.80 3,344.57 2,515.47

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

120,996 775.43 1,482.16 1,114.74 248,516 1,592.67 3,044.24 2,289.58 467,530 2,996.28 5,727.08 4,307.36

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

3,491 6,103

22.37 39.11

42.76 74.76

32.16 56.23

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

28,993

185.81

355.16

267.12

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

14,234

91.22

174.36

131.14

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

18,919

121.25

231.75

174.30

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

27,125 56,450

173.84 361.78

332.27 691.50

249.90 520.08

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

27,099

173.67

331.96

249.67

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Ksh

Euro

m

598

3.83

7.32

5.51

m m

933 1,160

5.98 7.44

11.43 14.21

8.60 10.69

m

1,072

6.87

13.13

9.87

Nr Nr

3,481 6,089

22.31 39.02

42.64 74.59

32.07 56.10

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2 Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm

Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Ksh

Euro

Nr Nr Nr

387 675 914

2.48 4.33 5.86

4.74 8.27 11.20

3.56 6.22 8.42

Nr Nr

515 1,515

3.30 9.71

6.31 18.56

4.75 13.96

Nr Nr

811 970

5.20 6.22

9.93 11.88

7.47 8.94

Nr

1,347

8.63

16.49

12.41

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

174

Kenya

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type

Ksh/ft2

Ksh/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

1,534 8,200 10,366 3,413 2,511 4,642 2,543 2,627 3,493 2,139 6,095 7,442 5,323 7,533 2,420

16,512 88,268 111,578 36,739 27,029 49,972 27,375 28,278 37,601 23,024 65,612 80,107 57,297 81,088 26,048

106 566 715 235 173 320 175 181 241 148 420 513 367 520 167

202 1,081 1,367 450 331 612 335 346 461 282 804 981 702 993 319

152 813 1,028 338 249 460 252 261 346 212 604 738 528 747 240

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

Ksh/ft2

Ksh/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

3,160 4,307 3,780 3,534 5,836 4,826 6,090 5,085 5,174 5,223 5,561 5,517 7,311 6,586 5,822 3,270 5,156 5,147 5,625 6,764 5,847 7,119 7,513 6,650 4,977 5,830 4,021 5,832 7,513 6,752 6,279 5,168 4,820 8,340 4,718 6,020 4,349 7,059

34,014 46,357 40,689 38,037 62,814 51,952 65,557 54,733 55,694 56,220 59,862 59,386 78,690 70,889 62,669 35,195 55,498 55,398 60,544 72,805 62,941 76,629 80,870 71,583 53,568 62,755 43,278 62,778 80,870 72,682 67,583 55,630 51,879 89,766 50,789 64,803 46,811 75,979

218 297 261 244 403 333 420 351 357 360 384 381 504 454 402 226 356 355 388 467 403 491 518 459 343 402 277 402 518 466 433 357 332 575 325 415 300 487

417 568 498 466 769 636 803 670 682 689 733 727 964 868 768 431 680 679 742 892 771 939 991 877 656 769 530 769 991 890 828 681 635 1,100 622 794 573 931

313 427 375 350 579 479 604 504 513 518 552 547 725 653 577 324 511 510 558 671 580 706 745 659 494 578 399 578 745 670 623 513 478 827 468 597 431 700

176

Kenya

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Kenya Shilling against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Kenya Shilling with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

177

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Consumer price inflation in Kenya has historically been relatively low over the last decade, although the level was as high as 12.0% in 1997. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 was 6.0%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, saw the annual rate of inflation fall marginally to an average rate of 5.8%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a sharp fall in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of –0.2% from figures provided by the Kenyan authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 108.8 121.9 129.0 132.4 140.1 148.1 151.0 165.6 165.3

0.8 8.8 12.0 5.8 2.6 5.8 5.7 2.0 9.7 –0.2

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

179

Useful addresses Public organisations Ministry of Trade and Industry PO Box 30418 - 00100 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 315 001 Fax: (00254) 20 219 680 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tradeandindustry. go.ke Ministry of Finance Treasury Building Harambee Avenue PO Box 30007 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 252 299 Fax: (00254) 20 330 426 Website: www.treasury.go.ke Ministry of Foreign Affairs Harambee Avenue PO Box 30551 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 334 433 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mfa.go.ke

Ministry of Planning and National Development Harambee Avenue PO Box 30007 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 252 299 Fax: (00254) 20 330 426 Website: www.planning.go.ke Central Bank of Kenya Haile Selassie Avenue P O Box 60000-0200 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 226 431 Fax: (00254) 20 340 192 Email: [email protected] Website: www.centralbank.go.ke Foreign embassies Australian High Commission ICIPE House River Side Drive PO Box 39341 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 444 5034 Fax: (00254) 20 444 4718 Website: www.embassy.gov.au/ ke.html

180

British High Commission Commercial Section Upper Hill Road PO Box 30133-00100 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 284 4000 Fax: (00254) 20 284 4077 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britishhighcommission. gov.uk American Embassy United Nations Avenue PO Box 606 Village Market 00621 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 363 6000 Fax: (00254) 20 363 6000 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/ nairobi Chinese Embassy Woodlands Road Kilimani District PO Box 30508 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 726 851 Fax: (00254) 20 726 402 Email: [email protected] Website: ke.china-embassy.org

Kenya

Industrial organisations Joint Kenya-Arab Chamber of Commerce and Industry 6th Floor City House Standard Street PO Box 50182 Nairobi Kenya Tel: (00254) 20 336 759 Fax: (00254) 20 330 321 Email: [email protected] Website: jkacci.swiftkenya.com Mott MacDonald Ltd PO Box 90104 Mombasa Kenya Tel: (00254) 11 432 872 Fax: (00254) 11 733 075 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mottmac.com

Nigeria ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

137.3 million 47% 43% 3% 2.5%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

910,768 sq km 34% Abuja 1.1 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil condensate natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

3,557 km 60,068 km 134,326 km 8,600 km 3,634 km 105 km 1,660 km 6 45 ships Murtala Muhammed, Lagos

Economy Monetary unit Naira Exchange rate £ Stg 256.0 US $ 132.8 Euro 176.7 Yen (×100) 129.0 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 11.6% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 16.5% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market NGN7,545,263 million prices (2003) GDP PPP basis (2003) US$114.8 billion GDP per capita NGN54,955 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$900 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 3.7% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 44.9% General government consumption as a proportion 23.3% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 27.7% of GDP (2003)

Construction Gross value of construction output NGN44,753 million Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP 0.6% Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Central Bank of Nigeria All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

Country profile

183

Country profile Nigeria is situated in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea with land borders to Benin on the west, Niger on the north, Cameroon on the east and Chad on the north-east. The terrain is generally hardwood forested in the interior although there is a plateau area of short grasses around Jos. Africa’s third longest river, the Niger, cuts through the country north-west to south-east. The only mountainous region is in the south-east lying along the border with Cameroon. Abuja, the capital city, is located in the central region. The climate varies from equatorial in the south to tropical in the central region and arid in the north. Average annual temperatures range from between 18ºC to 31ºC in the south with humidity reaching as high as 95–100% to between 23ºC to 40ºC in the north. The Federal Republic of Nigeria has been an independent state since 1960 when British rule withdrew. The president, elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms, as both the chief of state and head of government, appoints the Federal Executive Council, the cabinet. Legislative power lies with the bicameral National assembly consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives both of whose members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the World Trade Organisations and a number of other international organisations. There are at least 250 ethnic groups throughout Nigeria, the largest of these being Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba, Ibo and Ijaw. The official language is English with a number of local languages also spoken mainly including Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo and Fulani. The principal religions are Islam and Christian with other small groups being minorities. The Nigerian construction industry contributes 7–8% of its GDP with an estimated work force of 700,000 people. Construction activities have largely involved the development of its enriched petroleum-related sectors.

184

Nigeria

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs for Nigeria in and around Lagos and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resource costs given are a compilation of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of construction labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

800 920 1,700 1,530 1,700 1,530 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,615 1,700 920 1,700 1,615 1,700 1,870 1,870

3.40 3.91 7.23 6.51 7.23 6.51 7.23 7.23 7.23 6.87 7.23 3.91 7.23 6.87 7.23 7.96 7.96

5.93 6.81 12.59 11.33 12.59 11.33 12.59 12.59 12.59 11.96 12.59 6.81 12.59 11.96 12.59 13.85 13.85

4.75 5.46 10.09 9.08 10.09 9.08 10.09 10.09 10.09 9.59 10.09 5.46 10.09 9.59 10.09 11.10 11.10

Construction cost data

185

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site location in and around Lagos, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

4,250 3,750 1,550 2,500

18.09 15.96 6.60 10.64

31.48 27.78 11.48 18.52

25.23 22.26 9.20 14.84

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

1,500 2,338 750

6.38 9.95 3.19

11.11 17.31 5.56

8.90 13.87 4.45

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

4,000 3,000 2,400

17.02 12.77 10.21

29.63 22.22 17.78

23.74 17.81 14.25

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

488 750 4,000

2.07 3.19 17.02

3.61 5.56 29.63

2.89 4.45 23.74

186

Nigeria

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to site in Lagos, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

3,375 3,071 2,714 2,560

14.36 13.07 11.55 10.89

25.00 22.75 20.10 18.96

20.03 18.23 16.11 15.19

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

1,340 2,703 4,395 2,312 3,362

5.70 11.50 18.70 9.84 14.31

9.92 20.02 32.55 17.13 24.91

7.95 16.04 26.08 13.73 19.96

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

14,790 15,530

62.94 66.09

109.56 115.04

87.78 92.18

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

92,000 92,000 92,000 92,000 92,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 98,000 773

391.49 391.49 391.49 391.49 391.49 425.53 425.53 425.53 425.53 425.53 417.02 3.29

681.48 681.48 681.48 681.48 681.48 740.74 740.74 740.74 740.74 740.74 725.93 5.72

546.06 546.06 546.06 546.06 546.06 593.54 593.54 593.54 593.54 593.54 581.67 4.59

Groundworks

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

43,475

185.00

322.04

258.04

651 744 884 700 800 950

2.77 3.17 3.76 2.98 3.40 4.04

4.82 5.51 6.54 5.19 5.93 7.04

3.86 4.42 5.24 4.15 4.75 5.64

Tonne Tonne m3

20,000 1,600 16,450

85.11 6.81 70.00

148.15 11.85 121.85

118.71 9.50 97.64

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

170,000 176,800 164,900 176,800 176,800 170,000 170,000 185,300 185,300

723.40 752.34 701.70 752.34 752.34 723.40 723.40 788.51 788.51

1,259.26 1,309.63 1,221.48 1,309.63 1,309.63 1,259.26 1,259.26 1,372.59 1,372.59

1,009.02 1,049.38 978.75 1,049.38 1,049.38 1,009.02 1,009.02 1,099.83 1,099.83

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

214 282 89

0.91 1.20 0.38

1.58 2.09 0.66

1.27 1.67 0.53

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

1,678 2,587 3,685

7.14 11.01 15.68

12.43 19.17 27.29

9.96 15.36 21.87

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

1,077 1,361 769

4.58 5.79 3.27

7.98 10.08 5.70

6.39 8.08 4.56

Price Material resources

Unit

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Thermal and moisture protection Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

9,428 7,558 12,126

40.12 32.16 51.60

69.84 55.98 89.82

55.96 44.86 71.97

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

200

0.85

1.48

1.19

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

172

0.73

1.27

1.02

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

987

4.20

7.31

5.86

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

6,646 4,653

28.28 19.80

49.23 34.47

39.45 27.62

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed Nr

41,348 49,021 58,731

175.95 208.60 249.92

306.28 363.12 435.05

245.42 290.96 348.59

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass m2 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate m2 5 mm toughened safety glass m2 5.4 mm laminated safety glass m2

8,111 21,515 17,075 19,636

34.51 91.55 72.66 83.56

60.08 159.37 126.48 145.45

48.14 127.70 101.35 116.55

106,490 176,250

453.15 788.82 632.06 750.00 1,305.56 1,046.12

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Naira

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

524

2.23

3.88

3.11

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

7,654 4,430

32.57 18.85

56.70 32.81

45.43 26.29

4,687 6,375 6,000 6,000

19.95 27.13 25.53 25.53

34.72 47.22 44.44 44.44

27.82 37.84 35.61 35.61

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

190

Nigeria

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor's overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

Naira

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

315

1.34

2.33

1.87

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

1,425

6.06

10.55

8.46

m

862

3.67

6.38

5.12

m3 m3

5,102 6,794

21.71 28.91

37.79 50.32

30.28 40.32

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Naira

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

1,719 3,440 5,582

7.31 14.64 23.75

12.73 25.49 41.35

10.20 20.42 33.13

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

2,999 6,550

12.76 27.87

22.21 48.52

17.80 38.87

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

19,614 18,720

83.46 79.66

145.29 138.67

116.42 111.11

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

19,723 19,685 18,784

83.93 83.77 79.93

146.10 145.82 139.14

117.07 116.84 111.49

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

20,779 20,741

88.42 88.26

153.92 153.64

123.33 123.11

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

21,645 20,908 20,419

92.11 88.97 86.89

160.33 154.87 151.25

128.47 124.10 121.20

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Naira

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

129,225 125,383 121,707 118,709 116,219

549.89 533.55 517.90 505.15 494.55

957.22 928.76 901.53 879.33 860.88

767.01 744.20 722.38 704.59 689.81

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

138,825 134,983 131,307 128,309 125,819

590.74 1,028.33 574.40 999.88 558.75 972.64 546.00 950.44 535.40 932.00

823.99 801.18 779.36 761.57 746.79

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

1,197 1,331 1,532

5.09 5.67 6.52

8.86 9.86 11.35

7.10 7.90 9.10

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

Naira

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 221,464 Tonne 233,802

942.40 1,640.47 1,314.48 994.90 1,731.87 1,387.72

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne 217,761 Tonne 222,279

926.64 1,613.04 1,292.50 945.87 1,646.51 1,319.32

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

318 408

1.35 1.73

2.36 3.02

1.89 2.42

m2 m2 m2

2,261 3,450 4,885

9.62 14.68 20.79

16.75 25.56 36.19

13.42 20.48 29.00

m2 m2

10,087 4,228

42.92 17.99

74.72 31.32

59.87 25.09

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Naira

Euro

m2 m2 m2

678 888 1,504

2.88 3.78 6.40

5.02 6.58 11.14

4.02 5.27 8.92

m2

10,109

43.02

74.88

60.00

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

382 398 384 576

1.63 1.69 1.63 2.45

2.83 2.94 2.84 4.27

2.27 2.36 2.28 3.42

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

388 407 396 403

1.65 1.73 1.68 1.72

2.87 3.02 2.93 2.99

2.30 2.42 2.35 2.39

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

Naira

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

176,691 751.88 1,308.82 1,048.74 252,608 1,074.93 1,871.17 1,499.34 340,954 1,450.87 2,525.59 2,023.71 454,157 1,932.58 3,364.13 2,695.61

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

205,376 873.94 1,521.30 1,218.99 418,218 1,779.65 3,097.91 2,482.30 809,228 3,443.52 5,994.28 4,803.11

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

5,820 10,594

24.77 45.08

43.11 78.47

34.54 62.88

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

47,710

203.02

353.41

283.18

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

24,191

102.94

179.20

143.59

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

31,582

134.39

233.94

187.46

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

47,306 93,738

201.30 398.89

350.42 694.36

280.78 556.38

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

47,262

201.11

350.09

280.52

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Naira

Euro

m

1,018

4.33

7.54

6.04

m m

1,584 1,973

6.74 8.39

11.74 14.61

9.40 11.71

m

1,778

7.57

13.17

10.55

Nr Nr

5,865 10,015

24.96 42.62

43.45 74.18

34.81 59.44

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2 Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/ 2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Naira

Euro

Nr Nr Nr

646 1,139 1,518

2.75 4.85 6.46

4.79 8.44 11.24

3.84 6.76 9.01

13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang Nr 8.11 2 gang Nr

872 2,542

3.71 10.82

6.46 18.83

5.18 15.09

Nr Nr

1,377 1,596

5.86 6.79

10.20 11.82

8.18 9.47

Nr

2,271

9.66

16.82

13.48

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately)

13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

198

Nigeria

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Naira/ft2

Naira/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

2,532 13,537 17,112 5,634 4,145 7,664 4,198 4,337 5,767 3,531 10,062 12,286 8,787 12,436 3,995

27,258 145,713 184,193 60,648 44,620 82,493 45,190 46,682 62,072 38,008 108,312 132,241 94,586 133,861 43,001

116 620 784 258 190 351 192 199 264 162 461 563 402 570 183

202 1,079 1,364 449 331 611 335 346 460 282 802 980 701 992 319

162 865 1,093 360 265 490 268 277 368 226 643 785 561 795 255

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

Naira/ft2

Naira/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

5,216 7,109 6,240 5,834 9,633 7,967 10,054 8,394 8,541 8,622 9,181 9,108 12,068 10,872 9,611 5,398 8,511 8,496 9,285 11,166 9,653 11,752 12,403 10,978 8,215 9,624 6,637 9,628 12,403 11,147 10,365 8,532 7,956 13,767 7,789 9,938 7,179 11,652

56,150 76,526 67,170 62,792 103,694 85,762 108,222 90,353 91,939 92,809 98,821 98,034 129,902 117,023 103,454 58,099 91,617 91,452 99,946 120,187 103,904 126,499 133,501 118,170 88,431 103,597 71,443 103,634 133,501 119,984 111,566 91,834 85,642 148,187 83,843 106,978 77,276 125,427

239 326 286 267 441 365 461 384 391 395 421 417 553 498 440 247 390 389 425 511 442 538 568 503 376 441 304 441 568 511 475 391 364 631 357 455 329 534

416 567 498 465 768 635 802 669 681 687 732 726 962 867 766 430 679 677 740 890 770 937 989 875 655 767 529 768 989 889 826 680 634 1,098 621 792 572 929

333 454 399 373 615 509 642 536 546 551 587 582 771 695 614 345 544 543 593 713 617 751 792 701 525 615 424 615 792 712 662 545 508 880 498 635 459 744

200

Nigeria

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Nigerian Naira against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Nigerian Naira with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

201

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1990. Nigeria has experienced one of the highest levels of consumer price inflation of all the African countries over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1990 to 2000 was 28.5%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation fall marginally to an average rate of 15.4%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a more moderate increase in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 16.5% from figures provided by the Nigerian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1990.

Consumer Prices Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

annual average

change %

100.0 112.9 163.2 256.4 402.7 696.2 899.8 976.6 1,074.1 1,145.2 1,224.6 1,455.7 1,643.2 1,879.9 2,189.8

Source : Central Bank of Nigeria International Monetary Fund

7.5 12.9 44.6 57.2 57.0 72.9 29.2 8.5 10.0 6.6 6.9 18.9 12.9 14.4 16.5

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1990 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations Federal Ministry of Science and Technology 9th Floor Federal Secretariat Complex Shehu Shagari Way Maitama PMB 331 Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 523 3397 Fax: (00234) 9 523 3397 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmst.gov.ng Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission Plot 1181 Aguiyi Ironsi Street Maitama District PMB 381 Garki Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 413 4380 Fax: (00234) 9 413 4112 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nipc-nigeria.org Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) NNPC Towers Herbert Macauley Way Central Business District Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 234 8200 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nnpc-nigeria.com

203

National Petroleum Investment Management Services (NAPIMS) NNPC Building 38 Kingsway Road Ikoyi Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 267 0770 Fax: (00234) 1 267 0696 Department of Petroleum Resources 7 Kofo Abayomi Street Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 320 0440 Fax: (00234) 1 262 2408 Email: publicaffairs@ dprnigeria.com Website: www.dprnigeria.com Foreign embassies British High Commission in Abuja Dangote House Aguyi Ironsi Street Maitama District Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 413 2010 Fax: (00234) 9 413 4565 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fco.gov.uk

204

British Deputy High Commission in Lagos 11 Walter Carrington Crescent Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 261 9531 Fax: (00234) 1 261 4021 Email: Commercial.lagos@ fco.gov.uk Website: www.fco.gov.uk American Embassy 7 Mambilla Street Off Aso Drive Maitama District Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 523 0916 Fax: (00234) 9 523 0353 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/ nigeria Chinese Embassy Plot 302/303 Ao. Central Area Abuja Nigeria Tel: (00234) 9 234 4743 Fax: (00234) 9 234 7332 Email: [email protected] Website: ng.chineseembassy.org

Nigeria

Industrial organisations Franklin + Andrews Nigeria The Ark Towers First Floor Block 17 Plot A Ligali Ayorinde Street PO Box 74332 Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 461 9358 Fax: (00234) 1 461 9359 Email: fandanigeria@ compuserve.com Website: www.franklinandrews. com ChevronTexaco Nigeria Ltd 2 Chevron Drive Lekki Pennisula Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 260 0600 Fax: (00234) 1 260 0395 Website: www.chevron.com ConocoPhillip Energy Nigeria Ltd IBTC Place Walter Carrington Crescent Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 262 2226 Fax: (00234) 1 261 1423 Website: www.conoco.com

Nigeria

TotalFinaElf Petroleum Nigeria Ltd 35 Kofo Abayomi Street Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 262 3720 Website: www.totalfinaelf.com/en ExxonMobil Mobil House 1 Lekki Expressway Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 262 1640 Fax: (00234) 1 262 1733 Website: www.exxonmobil.com Nigerian LNG Ltd C & C Towers Plot 1684 Sanusi Fafunwa Street Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 262 4190 Fax: (00234) 1 261 7146 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nlng.com

205

Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Ltd Freeman House 21/22 Marina PMB 2418 Lagos Nigeria Tel: (00234) 1 260 2600 (20 lines) Fax: (00234) 1 263 6681 Email: shellnigeria.www@ spdc.shell.com Website: www.shellnigeria.com

Senegal ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

10.9 million 50% 43% 3% 2.5%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

192,000 sq km 13% Dakar 2.6 million

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil condensate natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

906 km 4,271 km 10,305 km 1,000 km n.a. n.a. 564 km 7 n.a. Dakar-Yoff

Economy Monetary unit CFA franc Exchange rate £ Stg 947.0 US $ 512.5 Euro 656.0 Yen (×100) 482.8 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 1.4% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 1.2% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) US$6.5 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$17.1 billion GDP per capita US$596 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$1,600 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 4.9% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 77.4% General government consumption as a proportion of 14.6% GDP (2003) Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 21.3%

Construction Gross value of construction output US$312 million Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP 4.8% Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank African Development Bank All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

Country profile

209

Country profile Senegal is situated in West Africa and encloses The Gambia on three sides. The west of the country borders the North Atlantic and has land boundaries with Guinea and Guinea-Bissau in the south, Mali to the east and Mauritania to the north and north-east. It is a mainly low-lying country with an area of semi-desert in the north and north-east and forests in the south-west. The capital, Dakar, is a large port which lies in the extreme west of the country, on the Atlantic coast The climate is generally tropical with wet and dry seasons. Rainfall is predominately during the hot season from June to October and tends to lead to flooding of the lowland areas. Senegal also experiences periodic droughts during the dry season which is dominated by hot and dry harmattan winds. Strong south-east winds blow during the rainy season. The Republic of Senegal is a multi-party democracy and achieved independence from the French in 1960. The country is administered through ten regions; Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Thomas, Tambacounda, Thies and Ziguinchor. The legal system is based on the French civil law with judicial review of legislative in Constitutional Court. There are 140 seats in the unicameral National Assembly with members being elected by popular vote for five-year terms. The president and chief of state is elected through popular vote to serve a term of seven years. The prime minister, appointed by the president, selects the Council of Ministers following consultation with the president. The population of almost 11 million is mainly Muslim of several ethnic groups including Wolof, Fulani, Serer, Toucouleur, Diola and Mandingo. European and Lebanese constitute only 1% of the total population. French is the official language of the country with several other languages being spoken including Wolof, Pulaar, Diola and Mandingo. Approximately 70% of the working population is employed in agriculture. The industry sector which includes construction contributes around 27% towards the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. The oil industry in Senegal is one of the key elements in the economy of the country and is well developed with a continuing upstream potential. Mining also contributes a small but extremely important element to the GDP and is a significant source of export earnings.

210

Senegal

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs for Senegal in and around Dakar and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resource costs given are a compilation of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of construction labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

3,081 3,491 6,419 5,872 6,419 5,872 6,419 6,419 6,419 6,189 6,419 3,491 6,419 6,189 6,419 7,279 7,279

3.24 3.67 6.75 6.17 6.75 6.17 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.50 6.75 3.67 6.75 6.50 6.75 7.65 7.65

6.26 7.09 13.04 11.92 13.04 11.92 13.04 13.04 13.04 12.57 13.04 7.09 13.04 12.57 13.04 14.78 14.78

4.70 5.32 9.79 8.95 9.79 8.95 9.79 9.79 9.79 9.43 9.79 5.32 9.79 9.43 9.79 11.10 11.10

Construction cost data

211

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site location in and around Dakar, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and also exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

17,806 15,573 6,329 9,746

18.71 16.36 6.65 10.24

36.16 31.63 12.85 19.79

27.15 23.74 9.65 14.86

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

6,401 9,707 3,185

6.73 10.20 3.35

13.00 19.71 6.47

9.76 14.80 4.86

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

16,626 12,495 10,065

17.47 13.13 10.58

33.76 25.38 20.44

25.35 19.05 15.34

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

2,034 3,133 16,792

2.14 3.29 17.65

4.13 6.36 34.10

3.10 4.78 25.60

212

Senegal

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to site in and around Dakar, and are taken at third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical offloading required at the site.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

13,849 12,666 11,163 10,505

14.55 13.31 11.73 11.04

28.13 25.72 22.67 21.33

21.11 19.31 17.02 16.01

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

5,524 11,079 18,033 9,394 13,866

5.81 11.64 18.95 9.87 14.57

11.22 22.50 36.62 19.08 28.16

8.42 16.89 27.49 14.32 21.14

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

61,632 65,353

64.77 68.68

125.16 132.72

93.96 99.63

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

369,974 369,974 369,974 369,974 369,974 410,353 410,353 410,353 410,353 410,353 404,156 3,187

388.79 388.79 388.79 388.79 388.79 431.22 431.22 431.22 431.22 431.22 424.71 3.35

751.33 751.33 751.33 751.33 751.33 833.33 833.33 833.33 833.33 833.33 820.75 6.47

564.02 564.02 564.02 564.02 564.02 625.58 625.58 625.58 625.58 625.58 616.13 4.86

Groundworks

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

180,452

189.63

366.46

275.10

2,721 3,038 3,631 2,872 3,431 4,152

2.86 3.19 3.82 3.02 3.60 4.36

5.53 6.17 7.37 5.83 6.97 8.43

4.15 4.63 5.54 4.38 5.23 6.33

Tonne Tonne m3

84,122 6,598 67,503

88.40 6.93 70.94

170.83 13.40 137.08

128.24 10.06 102.91

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

694,111 721,876 683,438 726,591 726,591 716,783 694,111 775,591 756,581

729.40 758.58 718.19 763.54 763.54 753.23 729.40 815.03 795.05

1,409.58 1,465.97 1,387.91 1,475.54 1,475.54 1,455.63 1,409.58 1,575.05 1,536.45

1,058.17 1,100.49 1,041.89 1,107.68 1,107.68 1,092.73 1,058.17 1,182.38 1,153.40

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

882 1,186 383

0.93 1.25 0.40

1.79 2.41 0.78

1.34 1.81 0.58

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

6,989 10,856 15,272

7.34 11.41 16.05

14.19 22.05 31.01

10.65 16.55 23.28

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

4,443 5,683 3,219

4.67 5.97 3.38

9.02 11.54 6.54

6.77 8.66 4.91

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

38,689 31,059 50,008

40.66 32.64 52.55

78.57 63.07 101.56

58.98 47.35 76.24

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

841

0.88

1.71

1.28

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

722

0.76

1.47

1.10

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

4,050

4.26

8.23

6.17

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

27,544 20,144

28.94 21.17

55.94 40.91

41.99 30.71

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

165,432 206,188 249,440

173.84 216.67 262.12

335.95 418.72 506.56

252.20 314.33 380.27

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

33,449 90,493 71,119 80,578

35.15 95.09 74.74 84.68

67.93 183.77 144.43 163.64

50.99 137.96 108.42 122.84

Thermal and moisture protection

443,540 719,630

466.09 900.73 676.17 756.22 1,461.41 1,097.07

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

CFA Fr

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

2,204

2.32

4.48

3.36

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

31,565 18,632

33.17 19.58

64.10 37.84

48.12 28.40

19,715 26,421 24,497 24,497

20.72 27.76 25.74 25.74

40.04 53.65 49.75 49.75

30.06 40.28 37.35 37.35

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

216

Senegal

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

1,308

1.37

2.66

1.99

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

5,908

6.21

12.00

9.01

m

3,572

3.75

7.25

5.45

m3 m3

20,983 28,061

22.05 29.49

42.61 56.98

31.99 42.78

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

7,078 14,093 22,893

7.44 14.81 24.06

14.37 28.62 46.49

10.79 21.48 34.90

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

12,159 27,039

12.78 28.41

24.69 54.91

18.54 41.22

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

81,705 77,981

85.86 81.95

165.92 158.36

124.56 118.88

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

82,127 81,979 78,229

86.30 86.15 82.21

166.78 166.48 158.87

125.20 124.98 119.26

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

87,399 87,242

91.84 91.68

177.49 177.17

133.24 133.00

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

90,905 87,831 85,793

95.53 92.30 90.16

184.61 178.37 174.23

138.58 133.90 130.79

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

518,056 502,869 488,626 476,725 466,851

544.40 1,052.06 528.44 1,021.21 513.47 992.29 500.96 968.12 490.59 948.07

789.77 766.62 744.91 726.76 711.71

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

566,511 551,323 537,081 525,179 515,305

595.32 579.36 564.39 551.88 541.51

1,150.46 1,119.61 1,090.69 1,066.52 1,046.47

863.64 840.49 818.77 800.63 785.58

4,916 5,383 6,225

5.17 5.66 6.54

9.98 10.93 12.64

7.49 8.21 9.49

Unit Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 904,375 950.36 1,836.58 1,378.71 Tonne 954,793 1,003.34 1,938.97 1,455.57

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne 915,844 Tonne 906,061

4

962.41 1,859.87 1,396.20 952.13 1,840.01 1,381.28

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

1,301 1,700

1.37 1.79

2.64 3.45

1.98 2.59

m2 m2 m2

9,383 14,426 20,189

9.86 15.16 21.22

19.05 29.30 41.00

14.30 21.99 30.78

m2 m2

42,024 17,271

44.16 18.15

85.34 35.07

64.07 26.33

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

2,753 3,612 6,131

2.89 3.80 6.44

5.59 7.34 12.45

4.20 5.51 9.35

m2

41,591

43.71

84.46

63.41

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,590 1,650 1,598 2,397

1.67 1.73 1.68 2.52

3.23 3.35 3.24 4.87

2.42 2.52 2.44 3.65

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,613 1,687 1,642 1,672

1.69 1.77 1.73 1.76

3.27 3.43 3.34 3.40

2.46 2.57 2.50 2.55

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

760,156 798.81 1,543.71 1,158.85 1,045,882 1,099.06 2,123.95 1,594.44 1,432,336 1,505.16 2,908.75 2,183.58 1,912,631 2,009.88 3,884.12 2,915.79

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

847,080 890.15 1,720.23 1,291.37 1,739,272 1,827.71 3,532.07 2,651.50 3,271,933 3,438.30 6,644.56 4,988.03

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

24,486 42,783

25.73 44.96

49.73 86.88

37.33 65.22

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

203,374

213.72

413.01

310.04

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

99,996

105.08

203.07

152.44

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

132,620

139.36

269.32

202.18

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

190,113 395,275

199.78 415.37

386.08 802.72

289.83 602.59

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

189,933

199.59

385.71

289.55

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

4,182

4.39

8.49

6.38

m m

6,553 8,140

6.89 8.55

13.31 16.53

9.99 12.41

m

7,503

7.88

15.24

11.44

Nr Nr

24,349 42,594

25.59 44.76

49.45 86.50

37.12 64.93

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

CFA Fr

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

2,705 4,726 6,398

2.84 4.97 6.72

5.49 9.60 12.99

4.12 7.21 9.75

13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang Nr 8.11 2 gang Nr

3,605 10,597

3.79 11.14

7.32 21.52

5.50 16.15

Nr Nr

5,673 6,786

5.96 7.13

11.52 13.78

8.65 10.35

Nr

9,420

9.90

19.13

14.36

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately)

13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

224

Senegal

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2 11,428 61,089 77,221 25,426 18,707 34,585 18,945 19,571 26,023 15,935 45,409 55,441 39,654 56,120 18,028

123,007 657,560 831,211 273,687 201,358 372,269 203,929 210,662 280,115 171,520 488,781 596,767 426,837 604,075 194,051

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

129 691 873 288 212 391 214 221 294 180 514 627 449 635 204

250 1,335 1,688 556 409 756 414 428 569 348 993 1,212 867 1,227 394

188 1,002 1,267 417 307 568 311 321 427 261 745 910 651 921 296

Facility type

CFA Fr/ft2 CFA Fr/m2

Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

23,540 32,083 28,161 26,325 43,473 35,955 45,371 37,880 38,545 38,909 41,430 41,100 54,460 49,061 43,372 24,358 38,410 38,340 41,901 50,387 43,561 53,034 55,969 49,542 37,074 43,432 29,952 43,448 55,969 50,302 46,773 38,501 35,905 62,126 35,150 44,849 32,397 52,584

253,389 345,340 303,120 283,363 467,941 387,019 488,375 407,737 414,895 418,820 445,952 442,399 586,212 528,092 466,859 262,185 413,441 412,696 451,026 542,368 468,889 570,853 602,451 533,268 399,063 467,501 322,403 467,671 602,451 541,455 503,463 414,422 386,478 668,724 378,359 482,759 348,723 566,015

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

266 363 319 298 492 407 513 428 436 440 469 465 616 555 491 276 434 434 474 570 493 600 633 560 419 491 339 491 633 569 529 435 406 703 398 507 366 595

515 701 616 575 950 786 992 828 843 851 906 898 1,190 1,072 948 532 840 838 916 1,101 952 1,159 1,223 1,083 810 949 655 950 1,223 1,100 1,022 842 785 1,358 768 980 708 1,149

386 526 462 432 713 590 745 622 633 638 680 674 894 805 712 400 630 629 688 827 715 870 918 813 608 713 492 713 918 825 768 632 589 1,019 577 736 532 863

226

Senegal

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the CFA Franc against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the CFA Franc with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

227

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Senegal has experienced one of the lowest levels of consumer price inflation of all the African countries over the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 was 2.5%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation fall marginally to an average rate of 1.9%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate another moderate fall in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 1.2% from figures provided by the Senegalese authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 102.8 104.4 105.6 106.5 107.2 110.6 113.1 113.2 114.6

7.9 2.8 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.7 3.2 2.3 0.1 1.2

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations Trade and Industry Authority Ministry of Economy and Finance Rue Rene Ndiaye x Avenue Carde BP 4017 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 821 0378 Fax: (00221) 822 4195 Website: www.minfinances.gouv.sn Ministry of Planning VDN Immeuble Abdel Khadre Dieylani Face Station Mobil Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 664 5289 Fax: (00221) 864 5221 Embassy of the Republic of Senegal in UK 39 Marloes Road London W8 6LA United Kingdom Tel: (0044) 20 7937 7237 Fax: (0044) 20 7938 2546 Senegal Embassy in US 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW Washington DC 20008 United States of America Tel: (001) 202 234 0540 Fax: (001) 202 332 6315

229

Senegalese Customs BP 4033 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 821 1687 Email: augustin.ndione@ douanes.sn Ministry of Trade 5e Etage Building Administratif Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 849 7269 Fax: (00221) 821 9132 Email: [email protected] Foreign embassies British Embassy 20 Rue du Docteur Guillet BP 6025 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 823 7392 Fax: (00221) 823 2766 Consulate of the United States of America Ave. Jean XXIII x Rue Kleber BP 49 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 234 296 Fax: (00221) 222 991

230

Industrial organisations Chamber of Commerce for the market Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie du Senegal Place de l'Indépendance BP 118 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 823 7189 Fax: (00221) 823 9363 Chamber of Commerce Industry 1 Place de I’independence BP 118 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 849 4545 Fax: (00221) 823 9363 Email: [email protected] Agence Nationale Chargee de la Promotion de L'Investment et des Grands Travaux (APIX) 52-54 Rue Mohamed V BP 430 Dakar Senegal Tel: (00221) 849 0505 Fax: (00221) 823 9489 Email: [email protected] Website: www.investsenegal.com

Senegal

South Africa ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

42.7 million 57% 30% 5% –0.25%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city

Population of capital city

1,219,912 sq km 13% Pretoria (administrative) Cape Town (legislative) Bloemfontein (judicial) Johannesburg (commercial) Pretoria (1,473,800) Cape Town (2,984,100) Bloemfontein (349,000) Johannesburg (1,975,500)

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil condensate petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

22,298 km 73,506 km 288,593 km n.a. 847 100 1,354 741

km km km km 7 4 ships Johannesburg International Airport

Economy Monetary unit Rand Exchange rate £ Stg 11.14 US $ 5.78 Euro 7.69 Yen (×100) 5.61 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 6.2% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 3.2% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) SDR1,209 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$456.7 billion GDP per capita SDR28,314 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$10,700 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 2.4% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 67.3% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 13.8% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 16.0%

Construction Gross value of construction output (2003) Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Statistics South Africa All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

SDR29 billion 2.4%

Country profile

233

Country profile South Africa lies on the southern tip of the African continent and is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the west and the Indian Ocean on the south and east, a coastline of 2,954 km. It borders Namibia to the north-west, Zimbabwe and Botswana in the north with Mozambique and Swaziland to the north-east. The climate is temperate and sub-tropical with the ocean currents producing marked variations between the various regions of the country. These variations range from warm, dry summers and temperate wet winters in the south to hot, humid summers and dry cool winters on the east coast. The coastline of South Africa is swept by two major ocean currents, the Benguela and the Mozambique-Agulhas systems. The Benguela current is cold and flows northwards along the west coast as far as southern Angola. The other system is a warm, southerly current skirting the east and south coasts as far as Cape Agulhas. The Republic of South Africa is divided into nine provinces each with its own Legislature, Premier and Executive Council. These provinces are: Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Northern Province, North-West Province, Free State, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal. Each of these provinces is governed by a provincial administration. The scope of legislative independence is quite extensive and covers such areas as regional development, health and welfare services, language policy and education. Pretoria, the administrative capital, and Johannesburg, the commercial capital and major industrial centre, both lie in the economic powerhouse of Gauteng province. The judicial capital of South Africa, Bloemfontein, is in Free State, the country’s third largest province. The parliament sits in Cape Town in Western Cape province. The population, according to the July 2004 figures, totalled almost 43 million people of whom more than 75% were classified as African. The five most commonly spoken home languages are isiZulu (23%), isiXhosa (18%), Africaans (14%), sePedi (9%) and English (9%). The construction industry is fairly well developed but still has a huge potential. Currently it contributes less than 5% to the GDP. The government is committed to basic levels of infrastructure development in water availability, sanitation, road and energy provision and access to schools and clinics. An expanded public works programme is a government-wide initiative to facilitate and create employment opportunities for the poor and vulnerable. It

234

South Africa

provides an integrated and labour-intensive advancement to government infrastructure delivery and provision of other services. Employment creation is embodied in government programmes such as housing, water supply, health, education and welfare among others.

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs in the Pretoria area taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources combine the employee’s basic pay (per day or month) and the cost of that labour to the employer. The displayed cost of labour is the cost to the employer of employing that operative, it is also based on the employee’s basic pay and includes certain allowances for employee’s expenses, holidays, insurance, and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

111.00 127.65 233.10 209.79 233.10 209.79 233.10 233.10 233.10 221.45 233.10 127.65 233.10 221.45 233.10 256.41 256.41

9.92 11.41 20.83 18.75 20.83 18.75 20.83 20.83 20.83 19.79 20.83 11.41 20.83 19.79 20.83 22.92 22.92

18.45 21.22 38.74 34.87 38.74 34.87 38.74 38.74 38.74 36.81 38.74 21.22 38.74 36.81 38.74 42.62 42.62

14.14 16.26 29.69 26.72 29.69 26.72 29.69 29.69 29.69 28.20 29.69 16.26 29.69 28.20 29.69 32.66 32.66

Construction cost data

235

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant delivered to site in the region of Pretoria and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance and also exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

195.65 174.48 65.63 105.85

17.49 15.60 5.87 9.46

32.52 29.00 10.91 17.59

24.92 22.22 8.36 13.48

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

63.51 98.97 31.75

5.68 8.85 2.84

10.56 16.45 5.28

8.09 12.60 4.04

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

185.06 142.72 117.32

16.54 12.76 10.49

30.76 23.72 19.50

23.57 18.18 14.94

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

20.64 31.75 169.36

1.84 2.84 15.14

3.43 5.28 28.15

2.63 4.04 21.57

236

South Africa

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to site in the region of Pretoria and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading as necessary.

Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

126.58 115.18 103.83 97.95

11.31 10.30 9.28 8.76

21.04 19.14 17.26 16.28

16.12 14.67 13.22 12.48

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

90.94 138.23 225.31 100.03 145.50

8.13 12.36 20.14 8.94 13.01

15.11 22.97 37.45 16.63 24.18

11.58 17.60 28.70 12.74 18.53

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

533.74 539.13

47.71 48.19

88.71 89.61

67.98 68.66

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

4,879.09 4,879.09 4,879.09 4,879.09 4,879.09 5,269.42 5,269.42 5,269.42 5,269.42 5,269.42 5,164.03 35.30

436.10 436.10 436.10 436.10 436.10 470.99 470.99 470.99 470.99 470.99 461.57 3.16

810.92 810.92 810.92 810.92 810.92 875.80 875.80 875.80 875.80 875.80 858.28 5.87

621.41 621.41 621.41 621.41 621.41 671.12 671.12 671.12 671.12 671.12 657.70 4.50

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

2,053.00

183.50

341.22

261.47

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

62.61 93.92 118.96 58.23 87.34 110.63

5.60 8.39 10.63 5.20 7.81 9.89

10.41 15.61 19.77 9.68 14.52 18.39

7.97 11.96 15.15 7.42 11.12 14.09

Tonne Tonne m3

666.36 87.05 555.30

59.56 7.78 49.63

110.75 14.47 92.29

84.87 11.09 70.72

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

11,952.20 12,430.29 11,593.63 12,430.29 12,430.29 11,952.20 11,952.20 13,027.90 13,027.90

1,068.31 1,111.04 1,036.26 1,111.04 1,111.04 1,068.31 1,068.31 1,164.45 1,164.45

1,986.50 2,065.96 1,926.91 2,065.96 2,065.96 1,986.50 1,986.50 2,165.29 2,165.29

1,522.24 1,583.13 1,476.58 1,583.13 1,583.13 1,522.24 1,522.24 1,659.25 1,659.25

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

1000 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3) Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

20.08 26.42 5.02

1.79 2.36 0.45

3.34 4.39 0.83

2.56 3.36 0.64

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

79.88 123.07 175.43

7.14 11.00 15.68

13.28 20.45 29.16

10.17 15.67 22.34

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm x 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

51.29 64.80 36.62

4.58 5.79 3.27

8.52 10.77 6.09

6.53 8.25 4.66

Price Material resources

Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Thermal and moisture protection Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

448.86 359.81 577.30

40.12 32.16 51.60

74.60 59.80 95.95

57.17 45.83 73.53

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

9.51

0.85

1.58

1.21

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

8.17

0.73

1.36

1.04

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

46.99

4.20

7.81

5.98

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

316.40 221.52

28.28 19.80

52.59 36.82

40.30 28.21

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

1,968.53 2,333.82 2,796.10

175.95 208.60 249.92

327.18 387.89 464.72

250.71 297.24 356.11

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

386.14 1,024.28 812.92 934.86

34.51 91.55 72.66 83.56

64.18 170.24 135.11 155.38

49.18 130.45 103.53 119.06

5,069.62 8,391.00

453.13 842.59 645.67 750.00 1,394.62 1,068.69

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

26.95

2.41

4.48

3.43

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

132.28 92.60

11.82 8.28

21.99 15.39

16.85 11.79

213.73 290.67 273.57 273.57

19.10 25.98 24.45 24.45

35.52 48.31 45.47 45.47

27.22 37.02 34.84 34.84

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

240

South Africa

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Value added tax, currently at 14%, has been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Rand

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

14.66

1.31

2.44

1.87

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

69.03

6.17

11.47

8.79

m

42.27

3.78

7.03

5.38

m3 m3

206.71 273.91

18.48 24.48

34.36 45.52

26.33 34.89

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Rand

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

118.87 179.07 290.17

10.63 16.01 25.94

19.76 29.76 48.23

15.14 22.81 36.96

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

137.84 300.94

12.32 26.90

22.91 50.02

17.56 38.33

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

717.19 684.23

64.10 61.16

119.20 113.72

91.34 87.14

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

732.37 727.05 693.16

65.46 64.98 61.96

121.72 120.84 115.21

93.28 92.60 88.28

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

737.63 734.00

65.93 65.61

122.60 121.99

93.95 93.48

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

817.83 781.87 758.24

73.10 69.88 67.77

135.93 129.95 126.02

104.16 99.58 96.57

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Rand

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

7,864.53 7,470.93 7,009.19 6,725.37 6,485.73

702.94 667.76 626.49 601.12 579.70

1,307.12 1,001.63 1,241.70 951.51 1,164.96 892.70 1,117.78 856.55 1,077.95 826.03

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

8,332.92 7,939.33 7,477.59 7,193.77 6,954.12

744.81 709.63 668.36 642.99 621.57

1,384.97 1,061.29 1,319.55 1,011.16 1,242.81 952.35 1,195.63 916.20 1,155.80 885.68

110.14 152.01 187.03

9.84 13.59 16.72

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

18.31 25.26 31.08

14.03 19.36 23.82

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Price Unit

Rand

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 15,576.00 1,392.21 2,588.79 1,983.77 Tonne 16,445.13 1,469.89 2,733.25 2,094.47

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m Tonne 15,510.20 1,386.32 2,577.86 1,975.39 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m Tonne 15,921.20 1,423.06 2,646.17 2,027.74 4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

30.59 39.01

2.73 3.49

5.08 6.48

3.90 4.97

m2 m2 m2

115.68 175.08 247.00

10.34 15.65 22.08

19.23 29.10 41.05

14.73 22.30 31.46

m2 m2

519.82 234.19

46.46 20.93

86.40 38.92

66.20 29.83

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick Roofing systems Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Rand

Euro

m2 m2 m2

31.75 40.19 63.39

2.84 3.59 5.67

5.28 6.68 10.54

4.04 5.12 8.07

m2

209.98

18.77

34.90

26.74

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

21.50 23.63 21.77 32.65

1.92 2.11 1.95 2.92

3.57 3.93 3.62 5.43

2.74 3.01 2.77 4.16

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

22.30 24.95 23.36 24.42

1.99 2.23 2.09 2.18

3.71 4.15 3.88 4.06

2.84 3.18 2.98 3.11

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

Rand

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

7,770.89 694.57 1,291.55 989.71 12,248.38 1,094.78 2,035.73 1,559.97 16,526.05 1,477.12 2,746.70 2,104.77 21,973.01 1,963.98 3,652.00 2,798.50

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

9,133.10 816.33 1,517.96 1,163.20 18,558.75 1,658.81 3,084.54 2,363.66 35,896.30 3,208.46 5,966.11 4,571.79

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

271.88 489.15

24.30 43.72

45.19 81.30

34.63 62.30

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

2,236.31

199.88

371.68

284.82

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

1,164.40

104.08

193.53

148.30

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

1,459.98

130.50

242.65

185.94

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

2,174.58 4,241.06

194.37 379.07

361.42 704.88

276.96 540.15

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

2,174.58

194.37

361.42

276.96

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Rand

Euro

m

46.45

4.15

7.72

5.92

m m

81.49 98.97

7.28 8.85

13.54 16.45

10.38 12.60

m

83.06

7.42

13.80

10.58

Nr Nr

268.41 452.43

23.99 40.44

44.61 75.20

34.18 57.62

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2 Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Rand

Euro

Nr Nr Nr

31.48 55.12 73.95

2.81 4.93 6.61

5.23 9.16 12.29

4.01 7.02 9.42

13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang Nr 8.11 2 gang Nr

41.04 116.72

3.67 10.43

6.82 19.40

5.23 14.87

Nr Nr

64.22 74.08

5.74 6.62

10.67 12.31

8.18 9.43

Nr

103.90

9.29

17.27

13.23

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately)

13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

248

South Africa

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Rand/ft2

Rand/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

189 1,010 1,277 420 309 572 313 324 430 263 751 917 656 928 298

2,034 10,873 13,745 4,526 3,330 6,156 3,372 3,483 4,632 2,836 8,082 9,868 7,058 9,989 3,209

182 972 1,229 405 298 550 301 311 414 254 722 882 631 893 287

338 1,807 2,284 752 553 1,023 560 579 770 471 1,343 1,640 1,173 1,660 533

259 1,385 1,751 576 424 784 429 444 590 361 1,029 1,257 899 1,272 409

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

Rand/ft2

Rand/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

389 531 466 435 719 595 750 626 637 643 685 680 901 811 717 403 635 634 693 833 720 877 925 819 613 718 495 718 925 832 773 637 594 1,027 581 742 536 870

4,190 5,710 5,012 4,686 7,738 6,400 8,076 6,742 6,861 6,925 7,374 7,315 9,693 8,732 7,720 4,335 6,836 6,824 7,458 8,968 7,753 9,439 9,962 8,818 6,599 7,730 5,331 7,733 9,962 8,953 8,325 6,853 6,391 11,058 6,256 7,983 5,766 9,359

375 510 448 419 692 572 722 603 613 619 659 654 866 781 690 388 611 610 667 802 693 844 890 788 590 691 477 691 890 800 744 613 571 988 559 714 515 837

696 949 833 779 1,286 1,064 1,342 1,121 1,140 1,151 1,226 1,216 1,611 1,451 1,283 721 1,136 1,134 1,240 1,491 1,289 1,569 1,656 1,466 1,097 1,285 886 1,285 1,656 1,488 1,384 1,139 1,062 1,838 1,040 1,327 958 1,556

534 727 638 597 985 815 1,029 859 874 882 939 932 1,235 1,112 983 552 871 869 950 1,142 987 1,202 1,269 1,123 840 985 679 985 1,269 1,140 1,060 873 814 1,408 797 1,017 734 1,192

250

South Africa

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the South African Rand against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the South African Rand with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

251

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1990. South Africa has experienced a relatively high level of consumer price inflation over the last decade or so. The average inflation figure from 1990 to 2000 was 9.5%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation fall marginally to an average rate of 6.9%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate another fall in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 3.2% from figures provided by the South African authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1990.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 115.6 131.4 144.3 157.1 170.8 183.3 199.1 212.7 223.8 235.8 249.3 272.2 288.0 297.2

14.3 15.6 13.7 9.9 8.8 8.7 7.3 8.6 6.9 5.2 5.4 5.7 9.2 5.8 3.2

Source : Statistics South Africa International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1990 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations Department of Trade and Industry Private Bag X84 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 310 9791 Fax: (0027) 12 322 0298 South African Bureau of Standards Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 428 7911 Fax: (0027) 12 344 1568 Central Statistical Service Private Bag X44 274 Schoeman Street Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 310 8351 Fax: (0027) 12 310 8500 Email: [email protected] Website: www.css.gov.za Investment South Africa PO Box 782084 Sandton Johannesburg South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 884 2206 Fax: (0027) 11 884 3236

South African Tourism Board Bojanala House 90 Protea Road Chislehurston Sandton 2196 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 895 3000 Fax: (0027) 11 895 3001 Email: [email protected] Website: www.southafrica.net Foreign embassies British Consulate-General PO Box 1082 Parklands 2121 Johannesburg South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 327 0015 Fax: (0027) 11 327 0152 British Consulate PO Box 1404 Durban 4000 South Africa Tel: (0027) 31 305 3041 Fax: (0027) 31 307 4661 British Consulate PO Box 500 Cape Town 8000 South Africa Tel: (0027) 21 253 670 Fax: (0027) 21 251 427

253

254

South Africa

British High Commission 91 Parliament Street Cape Town 8001 South Africa Tel: (0027) 21 461 7220 Fax: (0027) 21 461 0017 British High Commission 255 Hill Street Pretoria 0002 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 433 121 Fax: (0027) 12 433 207 Consular Section Liberty Life Place Block B 1st Floor 256 Glyn Street Hatfield 0083 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 342 2200 Fax: (0027) 12 342 4955

British Development Division in South Africa Suite 303 Infotech Building 1090 Arcadia Street Hatfield 0083 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 342 3360 Fax: (0027) 12 342 3429 British Council Suite 1, Sanlam Gables 1209 Schoeman Street (cnr Duncan Street) Hatfield Pretoria 0083 PO Box 11759 South Africa Tel: (0027) 12 431 2400 Fax: (0027) 12 431 2415 Email: information@ britishcouncil.org.za Website: www.britishcouncil.org/ southafrica

Industrial organisations Institute of South African Architects PO Box 2093 Houghton 2041 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 486 1683 South African Institute of Civil Engineers PO Box 93495 Yeoville 2143 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 648 1184 Fax: (0027) 11 648 7427

British Council Ground Floor Forum 1, Braampark 33 Hoofd Street Braamfontein Johannesburg 2001 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 718 4300 Fax: (0027) 11 718 4400 Email: information@ britishcouncil.org.za Website: www.britishcouncil.org/ southafrica

South Africa

British Council 3rd Floor, Associated Magazines House 21 St. John’s Street Cape Town 8001 PO Box 1469 Tel: (0027) 21 460 6660 Fax: (0027) 21 460 6691 Email: information@ britishcouncil.org.za Website: www.britishcouncil.org/ southafrica British Council 19th Floor, The Marine 22 Gardiner Street Durban 4001 PO Box 1469 South Africa Tel: (0027) 21 310 3650 Fax: (0027) 21 310 3669 Email: information@ britishcouncil.org.za Website: www.britishcouncil.org/ southafrica South African Chamber of Business (SACOB) PO Box 91267 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 482 2524 Fax: (0027) 11 726 1344

South African Foreign Trade Organisation (SAFTO) PO Box 782706 Sandton 2146 South Africa Tel: (0027) 11 883 3737 Fax: (0027) 11 883 6569

255

Tanzania ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

36.6 million 36% 44% 3% 1.95%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

886,037 sq km 6% Dar es Salaam Dodoma (legislative) Dar es Salaam (372,400) Dodoma (168,500)

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

3,690 km 3,704 km 84,496 km n.a. 866 km n.a. 5 km 11 10 ships Dar-es-Salaam International Airport

Economy Monetary unit Tanzanian shilling Exchange rate £ Stg 2,040.7 US $ 1,058.5 Euro 1,408.4 Yen (×100) 1,028.6 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 7.2% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 4.7% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) TZS10,692.4 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$21.6 billion GDP per capita TZS292,142 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$600 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 5.2% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 79.1% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 11.4% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 17.2%

Construction Gross value of construction output (2003) Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Bank of Tanzania All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

TZS454.2 billion 4.6%

Country profile

259

Country profile Tanzania lies on the coast of East Africa and borders Kenya, Lake Victoria and Uganda in the north, Rwanda, Burundi, Lake Tanganyika and Democratic Republic of Congo in the west, Zambia, Malawi and Lake Malawi in the south-west, Mozambique in the south and the Indian Ocean, with 500 miles of coastline, to the east. The country comprises the mainland and the islands of Zanzibar. The mainland has a low-lying coastal plain and a very large central plateau, mainly arid and about 4,000 feet above sea level. The most fertile areas are the highlands in the north and south-west, the coastal areas near Tanga and the shores of Lake Victoria. The climate is mainly hot and humid in the coastal area with temperatures reaching up to 32ºC and humidity of 90% and temperate in highlands with temperatures ranging between 10ºC and 20ºC. The rest of the country has temperatures rarely falling lower than 20ºC. The United Republic of Tanzania, comprising two formerly independent states – Tanganyika and Zanzibar, was adopted in 1964. The president, elected by popular vote, as both the chief of state and head of government, appoints the cabinet ministers. The legislative power lies with the unicameral National Assembly consisting of 274 seats, of which the majority are elected by popular vote. The Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws specific to Zanzibar. Tanzania is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the World Trade Organisations and a number of other international organisations. There is no principal religion in Tanzania although there exists a split in the population between Islam, Christianity and indigenous beliefs. Kiswahili, or Swahili, is the official language although English, Arabic and a number of local African languages are widely spoken. The Tanzanian construction industry is relatively small compared to agriculture and contributes approximately 5% of its GDP. Construction activities have mainly been involved in development of its mining, energy and water sectors. Capital investment in the mining sector, which represents 5–6% of its GDP, has been growing over the last decade because of its diverse types of minerals including gold, base metals, diamonds, gemstones, cement raw materials, coal and several industrial minerals. Much of its energy potential remains unexploited and the government is promoting the expansion of the energy sector.

260

Tanzania

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs for Tanzania and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resource costs given are a compilation of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of construction labour is based on the employee's basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

3,780 5,040 6,930 6,237 6,930 6,237 6,930 6,930 6,930 6,584 6,930 5,040 6,930 6,584 6,930 13,500 13,500

1.88 2.51 3.45 3.10 3.45 3.10 3.45 3.45 3.45 3.28 3.45 2.51 3.45 3.28 3.45 6.72 6.72

3.50 4.66 6.41 5.77 6.41 5.77 6.41 6.41 6.41 6.09 6.41 4.66 6.41 6.09 6.41 12.49 12.49

2.68 3.57 4.92 4.42 4.92 4.42 4.92 4.92 4.92 4.67 4.92 3.57 4.92 4.67 4.92 9.58 9.58

Construction cost data

261

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to site in Tanzania, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

33,342 29,419 12,160 19,613

16.59 14.64 6.05 9.76

30.85 27.22 11.25 18.15

23.65 20.87 8.62 13.91

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

11,768 18,338 5,884

5.86 9.13 2.93

10.89 16.97 5.44

8.35 13.01 4.17

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

31,380 23,535 18,828

15.62 11.71 9.37

29.04 21.78 17.42

22.26 16.69 13.35

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

3,824 5,884 31,380

1.90 2.93 15.62

3.54 5.44 29.04

2.71 4.17 22.26

262

Tanzania

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site at an average location value in Tanzania, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site. Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

24,856 24,094 21,288 18,912

12.37 11.99 10.59 9.41

23.00 22.30 19.70 17.50

17.63 17.09 15.10 13.41

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

10,616 21,418 34,827 18,326 26,646

5.28 10.66 17.33 9.12 13.26

9.82 19.82 32.23 16.96 24.66

7.53 15.19 24.70 13.00 18.90

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

189,081 192,940

94.09 96.01

174.96 178.53

134.11 136.85

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

910,272 910,272 910,272 910,272 910,272 982,943 982,943 982,943 982,943 982,943 937,580 6,444

452.97 452.97 452.97 452.97 452.97 489.13 489.13 489.13 489.13 489.13 466.56 3.21

842.30 842.30 842.30 842.30 842.30 909.54 909.54 909.54 909.54 909.54 867.57 5.96

645.64 645.64 645.64 645.64 645.64 697.18 697.18 697.18 697.18 697.18 665.01 4.57

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

344,545

171.45

318.82

244.38

8,056 12,084 16,113 7,492 11,239 14,985

4.01 6.01 8.02 3.73 5.59 7.46

7.45 11.18 14.91 6.93 10.40 13.87

5.71 8.57 11.43 5.31 7.97 10.63

Tonne Tonne m3

135,088 15,130 194,869

67.22 7.53 96.97

125.00 14.00 180.32

95.81 10.73 138.22

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

1,404,910 1,461,106 1,362,763 1,461,106 1,461,106 1,404,910 1,404,910 1,531,352 1,531,352

699.11 727.08 678.14 727.08 727.08 699.11 699.11 762.03 762.03

1,300.00 1,352.00 1,261.00 1,352.00 1,352.00 1,300.00 1,300.00 1,417.00 1,417.00

996.47 1,036.33 966.58 1,036.33 1,036.33 996.47 996.47 1,086.16 1,086.16

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm x 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

1,695 2,235 708

0.84 1.11 0.35

1.57 2.07 0.65

1.20 1.59 0.50

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

13,298 20,505 29,203

6.62 10.20 14.53

12.30 18.97 27.02

9.43 14.54 20.71

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

8,538 10,787 6,095

4.25 5.37 3.03

7.90 9.98 5.64

6.06 7.65 4.32

Price Material resources

Unit

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Thermal and moisture protection Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

74,720 59,895 96,100

37.18 29.81 47.82

69.14 55.42 88.92

53.00 42.48 68.16

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

1,583

0.79

1.46

1.12

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

419.97 780.93 695.08 1,292.50

598.60 990.73

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

1,360

0.68

1.26

0.96

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

7,822

3.89

7.24

5.55

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

52,669 36,876

26.21 18.35

48.74 34.12

37.36 26.16

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

327,690 388,498 465,453

163.07 193.32 231.62

303.22 359.49 430.70

232.42 275.55 330.14

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

64,278 170,506 135,322 155,621

31.99 84.85 67.34 77.44

59.48 157.77 125.22 144.00

45.59 120.94 95.98 110.38

843,949 1,396,805

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

TZS

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

m2

4,153

2.07

3.84

2.95

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile

m2 m2

60,659 35,106

30.19 17.47

56.13 32.48

43.02 24.90

5 5 5 5

37,148 50,521 47,549 47,549

18.49 25.14 23.66 23.66

34.37 46.75 44.00 44.00

26.35 35.83 33.73 33.73

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

Litre Litre Litre Litre

266

Tanzania

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

2,471

1.23

2.29

1.75

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

11,100

5.52

10.27

7.87

Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m m

6,703

3.34

6.20

4.75

38,142 53,230

18.98 26.49

35.29 49.26

27.05 37.76

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling

Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

m3 m3

Ref. No.

Description Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

13,564 27,201 44,158

6.75 13.54 21.97

12.55 25.17 40.86

9.62 19.29 31.32

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

23,608 51,531

11.75 25.64

21.85 47.68

16.74 36.55

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

250,066 238,686

124.44 118.78

231.39 220.86

177.37 169.30

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

250,641 250,439 239,024

124.72 124.62 118.94

231.92 231.74 221.17

177.77 177.63 169.53

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

256,612 256,346

127.70 127.56

237.45 237.20

182.01 181.82

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

262,592 254,417 248,985

130.67 126.60 123.90

242.98 235.42 230.39

186.25 180.45 176.60

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

1,204,984 1,180,245 1,161,826 1,142,951 1,127,435

599.63 587.32 578.15 568.76 561.04

1,115.00 1,092.11 1,075.07 1,057.60 1,043.24

854.67 837.12 824.06 810.67 799.67

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

1,292,189 1,267,450 1,249,031 1,230,156 1,214,640

643.02 630.71 621.54 612.15 604.43

1,195.70 1,172.80 1,155.76 1,138.30 1,123.94

916.52 898.98 885.91 872.53 861.52

13,324 18,482 23,675

6.63 9.20 11.78

12.33 17.10 21.91

9.45 13.11 16.79

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks m2 2.02 150 mm solid blocks m2 2.03 200 mm solid blocks m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 1,813,976 Tonne 1,911,071

902.67 1,678.52 1,286.62 950.99 1,768.36 1,355.48

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne 1,779,610 Tonne 1,807,610

885.57 1,646.72 1,262.24 899.51 1,672.63 1,282.10

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

2,417 3,120

1.20 1.55

2.24 2.89

1.71 2.21

m2 m2 m2

17,614 26,929 38,168

8.76 13.40 18.99

16.30 24.92 35.32

12.49 19.10 27.07

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red m2 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red m2

78,801 32,370

39.21 16.11

72.92 29.95

55.89 22.96

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

7,431 9,833 16,961

3.70 4.89 8.44

6.88 9.10 15.69

5.27 6.97 12.03

m2

79,979

39.80

74.01

56.73

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

2,877 2,947 2,885 4,328

1.43 1.47 1.44 2.15

2.66 2.73 2.67 4.00

2.04 2.09 2.05 3.07

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

2,903 2,991 2,938 2,973

1.44 1.49 1.46 1.48

2.69 2.77 2.72 2.75

2.06 2.12 2.08 2.11

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

1,398,327 695.84 1,293.91 991.81 1,998,992 994.74 1,849.72 1,417.85 2,769,074 1,377.95 2,562.30 1,964.05 3,594,315 1,788.61 3,325.91 2,549.38

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

1,626,848 809.55 1,505.37 1,153.89 3,313,389 1,648.81 3,065.97 2,350.12 6,411,415 3,190.46 5,932.65 4,547.49

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

46,008 83,791

22.89 41.70

42.57 77.53

32.63 59.43

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

377,121

187.66

348.96

267.48

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

190,980

95.04

176.72

135.46

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

249,801

124.31

231.15

177.18

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

374,250 742,146

186.23 369.31

346.30 686.73

265.45 526.39

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

373,895

186.06

345.98

265.20

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

8,069

4.02

7.47

5.72

m m

12,521 15,597

6.23 7.76

11.59 14.43

8.88 11.06

m

14,080

7.01

13.03

9.99

Nr Nr

46,494 79,380

23.14 39.50

43.02 73.45

32.98 56.30

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

TZS

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

5,124 9,030 12,034

2.55 4.49 5.99

4.74 8.36 11.14

3.63 6.40 8.54

13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang Nr 8.11 2 gang Nr

6,913 20,149

3.44 10.03

6.40 18.64

4.90 14.29

Nr Nr

10,920 12,652

5.43 6.30

10.10 11.71

7.75 8.97

Nr

18,000

8.96

16.66

12.77

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately)

13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

274

Tanzania

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

TZS/ft2

TZS/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

19,881 106,277 134,343 44,234 32,544 60,167 32,960 34,048 45,273 27,722 78,998 96,451 68,987 97,632 31,363

213,997 1,143,966 1,446,069 476,137 350,305 647,641 354,778 366,490 487,320 298,395 850,338 1,038,203 742,574 1,050,916 337,593

106 569 720 237 174 322 177 182 243 148 423 517 370 523 168

198 1,059 1,338 441 324 599 328 339 451 276 787 961 687 972 312

152 811 1,026 338 248 459 252 260 346 212 603 736 527 745 239

Facility type

TZS/ft2

TZS/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

Shopping Centres 40,954 Department Stores 55,815 Hypermarkets / Supermarkets 48,991 Shops 45,798 Stadia 75,630 Pavilions and Sports Club Houses 62,551 Religious Buildings 78,933 Schools 65,900 Sixth Form Colleges 67,057 Universities 67,691 Colleges 72,076 Research Facilities 71,502 Laboratories 94,745 Exhibition Buildings 85,352 Public Libraries 75,455 Flats 42,375 Housing Detached 66,822 Hotels 66,701 Halls of Residence 72,896 Fire Stations 87,659 Police Stations 75,783 Closed Prisons 92,263 Hospitals 97,370 Intensive Care / Acute Wards 86,188 Health Centres 64,498 Nursing Homes 75,559 Homes for the Elderly 52,108 Day Centres 75,586 Veterinary Hospitals 97,370 Restaurants 87,512 Theatres 81,371 Cinemas 66,980 Clubs 62,464 Covered Swimming Pools 108,081 Sports Centres exc. Pools 61,152 Sports Centres inc. Pools 78,025 Sports Halls 56,362 Gymnasia 91,481

440,824 600,792 527,341 492,970 814,083 673,302 849,632 709,345 721,798 728,626 775,827 769,648 1,019,840 918,727 812,200 456,127 719,268 717,973 784,656 943,564 815,731 993,120 1,048,091 927,732 694,254 813,318 560,889 813,612 1,048,091 941,975 875,881 720,974 672,360 1,163,388 658,235 839,862 606,678 984,704

219 299 262 245 405 335 423 353 359 363 386 383 507 457 404 227 358 357 390 470 406 494 522 462 345 405 279 405 522 469 436 359 335 579 328 418 302 490

408 556 488 456 753 623 786 656 668 674 718 712 944 850 752 422 666 664 726 873 755 919 970 858 642 753 519 753 970 872 810 667 622 1,077 609 777 561 911

313 426 374 350 577 478 603 503 512 517 550 546 723 652 576 324 510 509 557 669 579 704 743 658 492 577 398 577 743 668 621 511 477 825 467 596 430 698

276

Tanzania

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Tanzanian Shilling against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Tanzanian Shilling with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

277

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. Tanzania has experienced a relatively high level of consumer price inflation over the last decade or so. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 was 15.4%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation fall considerably to an average rate of 4.9%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate another, more moderate, fall in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 4.7% from figures provided by the Tanzanian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

115.8 140.1 162.6 183.5 197.9 209.7 220.4 230.5 242.0 253.4

28.4 21.0 16.1 12.9 7.8 6.0 5.1 4.6 5.0 4.7

Source:

Bank of Tanzania International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations National Bureau of Statistics PO Box 796 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 212 2722 Fax: (00255) 22 211 2352 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nbs.go.tz Ministry of Works Holland House Garden Avenue PO Box 9423 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 1553 Fax: (00255) 22 211 3335 Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism PO Box 9372 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 1061 Fax: (00255) 22 211 0600 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mnrt.org Ministry of Industries and Trade Co-operative Union Building Lumumba Road PO Box 9503 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 218 1397 Fax: (00255) 22 218 2481

279

Ministry of Energy and Minerals Sokoine/Mkwepu Street PO Box 2000/9152 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 7153 Fax: 00255) 22 211 6719 Email: [email protected] Ministry of Finance Tancot PO Box 9111 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 1174 Fax: (00255) 22 213 8573 Ministry of Works Ministry of Lands and Human Settlements Ardhi House Kivukoni Front PO Box 9132 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 212 1241 Fax: (00255) 22 211 3224 Email: [email protected]

280

Foreign embassies British High Commission Commercial Section Umoja House Garden Avenue PO Box 9200 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 0101 Fax: (00255) 22 211 0102 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fco.gov.uk American Embassy PO Box 9123 686 Old Bagamoyo Road Msasani Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 266 8001 Fax: (00255) 22 266 8238 Email: [email protected] Website: usembassy.state.gov/ tanzania Chinese Embassy 2 Kajificheni Close Tour Drive PO Box 1649 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 266 7475 Fax: (00255) 22 266 6353 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmprc.gov.cn

Tanzania

Canadian High Commission 38 Mirambo Street Garden Avenue Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 211 2831 Fax: (00255) 22 211 6897 Email: [email protected] Website: www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/ tanzania French Embassy Ali Hassan Mwinyi Road Angle Kulimani Road PO Box 2349 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 51 266 6021 Fax: (00255) 51 266 8434 Email: [email protected] Industrial organisations Tanzania Chamber of Commerce, Industry & Agriculture Kelvin House Samora Avenue PO Box 9713 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 22 212 142 Fax: (00255) 22 211 9437

Tanzania

Dar es Salaam Merchant Chamber Textile House Morogoro Road Indira Gandhi Street Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tel: (00255) 51 117 700 Fax: (00255) 51 117 766 Email: [email protected]

281

The Gambia ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

1.5 million 26% 45% 3% 3.0%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

10,000 sq km 26% Banjul 36,100

Transportation Railways Highways: paved unpaved Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

none 956 km 1,744 km 390 km n.a. n.a. n.a. 1 none Banjul International Airport

Economy Monetary unit Dalasi Exchange rate £ Stg 56.8 US $ 29.5 Euro 39.2 Yen (×100) 28.6 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 6.2% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 14.9% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) GMD10.3 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$2.6 billion GDP per capita GMD6,850 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$1,700 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 5.0% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 86.6% General government consumption as a proportion (2003) of GDP 11.1% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 19.6%

Construction Gross value of construction output (2003) Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank African Development Bank All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

GMD665.1 million 6.5%

Country profile

285

Country profile The Gambia, the smallest country on the African continent, is situated at the bulge of West Africa on the Atlantic Coast and is completely surrounded on its north, east and south sides by Senegal. The Gambia River flows for 322 km through the country on its way to the Atlantic. The country is mainly low plateau, decreasing in height as it nears the coast and broken in a few places by low flat-topped hills and the river with its tributaries. The climate is generally considered as being the most agreeable in West Africa with distinct dry and rainy seasons. Summer temperatures range between 27°C and 32°C with a high relative humidity. Between November and May the temperature varies between 21°C and 27°C with a relative humidity of 30% to 60%. A dry and dust laden wind, the harmattan, blows from the Sahara Desert in the north-east during the dry season. The Republic of The Gambia was formed after the country gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1965. The People’s Progressive Party (PPP), under Sir Dawda Jawara, ruled until 1994 when a small group of army officers took control of the country. During the years under Jawara the Gambia began to decay in an environment of economic decadence, social collapse and moral bankruptcy. The new leadership established a responsive, responsible government to provide effective leadership and to stimulate the development of the country. Sunni Muslims constitute around 90% of the population with Christians of different denominations accounting for most of the balance. Gambians officially observe the holidays of both religious practices and they practice religious tolerance. The principal ethnic majority are the Mandinka who account for 40% with the Fulna (19%), the Wolof (15%), the Pyola (10%), the Sononke (8%) and non-Gambians accounting for around 8%. The official language is English but less than 2% of the population actually speaks it.

286

The Gambia

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs in The Gambia taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resources combine the employee’s basic pay and the cost to the employer of that labour. The displayed cost of labour is the cost to the employer of employing that operative, it is based on the employee’s basic pay with an inclusion of additional allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

183 213 387 359 387 359 387 387 387 376 387 213 387 376 387 435 435

3.21 3.73 6.79 6.29 6.79 6.29 6.79 6.79 6.79 6.59 6.79 3.73 6.79 6.59 6.79 7.63 7.63

6.13 7.12 12.97 12.02 12.97 12.02 12.97 12.97 12.97 12.59 12.97 7.12 12.97 12.59 12.97 14.59 14.59

4.61 5.36 9.76 9.04 9.76 9.04 9.76 9.76 9.76 9.47 9.76 5.36 9.76 9.47 9.76 10.97 10.97

Construction cost data

287

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to an average site location in The Gambia, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel, maintenance and exclude operator costs and charges.

Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

1,059 920 389 621

18.57 16.13 6.82 10.89

35.49 30.83 13.03 20.81

26.69 23.19 9.80 15.65

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

379 593 188

6.64 10.39 3.30

12.70 19.86 6.30

9.55 14.94 4.74

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

981 769 607

17.21 13.49 10.65

32.89 25.78 20.35

24.74 19.39 15.31

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

120 190 991

2.10 3.33 17.38

4.01 6.36 33.22

3.01 4.78 24.98

288

The Gambia

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to the site in The Gambia at an average location value, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading as necessary. Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Groundworks Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

832 769 657 631

14.59 13.49 11.52 11.06

27.88 25.78 22.01 21.15

20.97 19.39 16.55 15.91

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

324 677 1,088 584 832

5.68 11.87 19.07 10.23 14.59

10.86 22.69 36.45 19.55 27.89

8.17 17.06 27.41 14.71 20.97

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

3,635 3,855

63.73 67.58

121.82 129.18

91.62 97.16

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

22,380 22,380 22,380 22,380 22,380 24,447 24,447 24,447 24,447 24,447 23,757 187

392.36 392.36 392.36 392.36 392.36 428.60 428.60 428.60 428.60 428.60 416.49 3.28

749.95 749.95 749.95 749.95 749.95 819.22 819.22 819.22 819.22 819.22 796.08 6.27

564.04 564.04 564.04 564.04 564.04 616.14 616.14 616.14 616.14 616.14 598.74 4.71

Concrete work

Price Material resources

Unit

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

10,644

186.61

356.69

268.27

160 179 214 169 202 245

2.81 3.14 3.75 2.97 3.55 4.29

5.38 6.00 7.18 5.68 6.78 8.21

4.04 4.52 5.40 4.27 5.10 6.17

Tonne Tonne m3

4,962 400 3,982

86.99 7.02 69.81

166.28 13.41 133.43

125.06 10.09 100.35

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

40,943 42,581 40,313 42,859 42,859 42,280 40,943 45,749 44,628

717.80 746.51 706.76 751.38 751.38 741.24 717.80 802.06 782.40

1,371.99 1,426.87 1,350.90 1,436.20 1,436.20 1,416.81 1,371.99 1,533.05 1,495.47

1,031.89 1,073.16 1,016.02 1,080.17 1,080.17 1,065.59 1,031.89 1,153.02 1,124.76

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

52 70 23

0.91 1.23 0.40

1.74 2.34 0.76

1.31 1.76 0.57

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

412 640 925

7.23 11.23 16.22

13.81 21.46 31.01

10.39 16.14 23.32

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

262 335 190

4.59 5.88 3.33

8.78 11.23 6.36

6.61 8.45 4.79

Price Material resources

Unit

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

2,282 1,832 3,057

40.01 32.12 53.59

76.47 61.39 102.44

57.52 46.17 77.04

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

50

0.87

1.66

1.25

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

43

0.75

1.43

1.07

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

239

4.19

8.01

6.02

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

1,625 1,188

28.48 20.83

54.44 39.82

40.95 29.95

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed

Nr Nr Nr

10,459 12,162 14,714

183.36 213.22 257.95

350.47 407.56 493.05

263.59 306.52 370.82

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate 5 mm toughened safety glass 5.4 mm laminated safety glass

m2 m2 m2 m2

1,973 5,338 4,195 4,860

34.59 93.58 73.55 85.20

66.12 178.87 140.58 162.86

49.73 134.53 105.73 122.49

Thermal and moisture protection

26,163 43,195

458.67 876.71 659.38 757.27 1,447.45 1,088.64

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Dalasi

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

m2

130

2.28

4.36

3.28

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile

m2 m2

1,908 1,099

33.45 19.27

63.94 36.83

48.09 27.70

5 5 5 5

1,163 1,558 1,485 1,485

20.39 27.32 26.03 26.03

38.97 52.22 49.76 49.76

29.31 39.28 37.42 37.42

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

Litre Litre Litre Litre

292

The Gambia

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded.

Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

77

1.36

2.59

1.95

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

349

6.12

11.70

8.80

m

211

3.70

7.07

5.32

m3 m3

1,256 1,692

22.02 29.66

42.09 56.70

31.66 42.65

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

416 861 1,381

7.29 15.10 24.21

13.93 28.86 46.27

10.48 21.71 34.80

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

755 1,615

13.23 28.31

25.30 54.10

19.02 40.69

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

4,820 4,600

84.50 80.64

161.51 154.14

121.47 115.93

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

4,845 4,836 4,615

84.93 84.78 80.90

162.34 162.05 154.64

122.10 121.88 116.30

roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

5,156 5,146

90.39 90.22

172.77 172.46

129.94 129.70

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

5,364 5,182 5,062

94.03 90.85 88.74

179.73 173.65 169.62

135.18 130.60 127.57

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

31,319 30,406 29,541 28,827 28,235

549.07 1,049.49 533.06 1,018.90 517.89 989.90 505.39 966.00 495.01 946.16

789.33 766.32 744.51 726.54 711.61

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

33,799 32,887 32,021 31,308 30,716

592.56 576.55 561.38 548.88 538.50

1,132.61 1,102.02 1,073.02 1,049.12 1,029.28

851.84 828.84 807.03 789.05 774.13

291 318 368

5.10 5.58 6.45

9.74 10.67 12.34

7.33 8.02 9.28

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled

1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Price £ Stg US $

Unit

Dalasi

Euro

Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

53,418 56,414

936.51 1,790.04 1,346.30 989.03 1,890.42 1,421.80

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne Tonne

54,076 53,524

948.04 1,812.09 1,362.88 938.37 1,793.59 1,348.97

Beams

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

77 100

1.35 1.76

2.58 3.36

1.94 2.53

m2 m2 m2

554 852 1,223

9.71 14.93 21.44

18.56 28.53 40.98

13.96 21.46 30.82

m2 m2

2,481 1,034

43.49 18.12

83.12 34.64

62.52 26.06

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

163 214 362

2.86 3.75 6.35

5.46 7.16 12.14

4.11 5.38 9.13

m2

2,513

44.06

84.21

63.33

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

94 98 95 142

1.65 1.71 1.66 2.49

3.15 3.27 3.17 4.75

2.37 2.46 2.38 3.57

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

95 100 97 99

1.67 1.75 1.71 1.74

3.20 3.35 3.26 3.32

2.41 2.52 2.45 2.50

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

44,846 786.22 1,502.79 1,130.26 61,704 1,081.76 2,067.69 1,555.12 84,503 1,481.47 2,831.68 2,129.72 112,838 1,978.22 3,781.17 2,843.84

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

49,969 876.03 1,674.44 1,259.36 102,597 1,798.68 3,438.00 2,585.74 200,744 3,519.35 6,726.89 5,059.33

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

1,445 2,656

25.33 46.56

48.41 89.00

36.41 66.94

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

12,000

210.38

402.12

302.44

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

5,901

103.46

197.75

148.73

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

7,825

137.18

262.20

197.20

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

11,907 23,319

208.75 408.81

399.01 781.40

300.10 587.70

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

11,896

208.56

398.64

299.82

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

247

4.33

8.27

6.22

m m

387 481

6.79 8.43

12.97 16.11

9.75 12.11

m

443

7.76

14.84

11.16

Nr Nr

1,437 2,513

25.19 44.05

48.14 84.20

36.21 63.33

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Dalasi

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

160 279 378

2.80 4.89 6.62

5.35 9.35 12.65

4.02 7.03 9.52

Nr Nr

213 625

3.73 10.96

7.13 20.95

5.36 15.76

Nr Nr

335 400

5.87 7.02

11.22 13.42

8.44 10.09

Nr

556

9.74

18.62

14.01

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required. (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

300

The Gambia

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Dalasi/ft2

Dalasi/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

676 3,612 4,566 1,503 1,106 2,045 1,120 1,157 1,539 942 2,685 3,278 2,345 3,318 1,066

7,274 38,883 49,151 16,184 11,907 22,013 12,059 12,457 16,564 10,142 28,902 35,288 25,240 35,720 11,475

128 682 862 284 209 386 211 218 290 178 507 619 442 626 201

244 1,303 1,647 542 399 738 404 417 555 340 969 1,182 846 1,197 385

183 980 1,239 408 300 555 304 314 417 256 728 889 636 900 289

Facility type Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions and Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

Dalasi/ft2

Dalasi/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

1,392 1,897 1,665 1,557 2,571 2,126 2,683 2,240 2,279 2,301 2,450 2,430 3,220 2,901 2,565 1,440 2,271 2,267 2,478 2,979 2,576 3,136 3,310 2,929 2,192 2,568 1,771 2,569 3,310 2,974 2,766 2,277 2,123 3,674 2,079 2,652 1,916 3,109

14,983 20,421 17,924 16,756 27,670 22,885 28,878 24,110 24,534 24,766 26,370 26,160 34,664 31,227 27,606 15,503 24,447 24,403 26,670 32,071 27,726 33,756 35,624 31,533 23,597 27,644 19,064 27,654 35,624 32,017 29,771 24,505 22,853 39,543 22,373 28,546 20,621 33,470

263 358 314 294 485 401 506 423 430 434 462 459 608 547 484 272 429 428 468 562 486 592 625 553 414 485 334 485 625 561 522 430 401 693 392 500 362 587

502 684 601 561 927 767 968 808 822 830 884 877 1,162 1,046 925 520 819 818 894 1,075 929 1,131 1,194 1,057 791 926 639 927 1,194 1,073 998 821 766 1,325 750 957 691 1,122

378 515 452 422 697 577 728 608 618 624 665 659 874 787 696 391 616 615 672 808 699 851 898 795 595 697 480 697 898 807 750 618 576 997 564 719 520 844

302

The Gambia

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Gambian Dalasi against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Gambian Dalasi with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

303

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1995. The Gambia has experienced a relatively low level of consumer price inflation during the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1995 to 2000 was 2.8%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation increase considerably to an average rate of 10.3%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a further rise in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 14.9% from figures provided by The Gambian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1995.

Consumer Prices Year

annual average

change %

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

100.0 101.1 103.9 105.1 109.1 110.0 114.7 124.6 147.0 168.9

7.0 1.1 2.8 1.2 3.8 0.8 4.3 8.6 18.0 14.9

Source:

African Development Bank International Monetary Fund

304

The Gambia

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1995 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations National Investment Promotion Authority (NIPA) Independence Drive PMB Banjul The Gambia Tel: (00220) 228 332 Fax: (00220) 229 220 Ministry of Foreign Affairs Banjul The Gambia Tel: (00220) 225 654 Fax: (00220) 223 578 The Gambia Tourism Authority Kololi PO Box 4085 Baku KSMD The Gambia Tel: (00220) 462 491 Fax: (00220) 462 487 Email: [email protected] Website: www.visitthegambia.gm The Gambia High Commission in UK 57 Kensington Court Kensington London W8 5DG United Kingdom Tel: (0044) 20 7937 6316 Fax: (0044) 20 7937 9095

305

Embassy of the Republic of The Gambia in US Suite 905 1156 15th Street NW Washington DC 20005 USA Tel: (001) 202 785 1399 Fax: (001) 202 785 1430 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gambia.com Foreign embassies British High Commission 48 Atlantic Road Fajara The Gambia PO Box 507 Banjul The Gambia Tel: (00220) 495 133 Fax: (00220) 496 134 American Embassy PM Box 19 92 Kairaba Avenue Fajara Banjul The Gambia Tel: (00220) 392 856 Fax: (00220) 392 475 Email: [email protected]

306

The Gambia

Industrial organisations Gambia Chamber of Commerce and Industry (GCCI) 55 Kairaba Avenue K.S.M.D PO Box 3382 Serrekunda The Gambia Tel: (00220) 378 929 Fax: (00220) 378 936 Email: [email protected] Website: www.gambiachamber.gm

Zambia ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND KEY DATA Population Population Urban Population Population under 15 Population 65 and over Population growth rate

11 million 36% 46% 3% 1.5%

Geography Land area Agricultural area Capital city Population of capital city

740,724 sq km 7% Lusaka 1.2 million

Transportation Railways Highways: total Waterways Pipelines: crude oil petroleum products natural gas Ports and Harbours Merchant Marine International Airport

2,173 km 66,781 km 2,250 km 771 km n.a. n.a. 1 n.a. Lusaka International Airport

Economy Monetary unit Zambian Kwacha Exchange rate £ Stg 9,071.0 US $ 4,705.0 Euro 6,260.2 Yen (×100) 4,572.0 Average annual inflation (1998 to 2003) 23.8% Inflation rate (2004 est.) 18.5% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at market prices (2003) ZMK20,377 billion GDP PPP basis (2003) US$8.6 billion GDP per capita ZMK1,852,455 GDP per capita PPP basis (2003) US$600 Average annual real change in GDP (1998 to 2003) 2.7% Private consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 83.8% General government consumption as a proportion of GDP (2003) 11.3% Gross domestic investment as a proportion of GDP (2003) 45.2%

Construction Gross value of construction output (2003) Net value of construction output as a proportion of GDP Source: The Financial Times Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook The World Bank Central Statistical Office, Republic of Zambia All data relates to latest as at 3Q 2004 PPP Purchasing Power Parity

ZMK1,524 billion 7.5%

Country profile

309

Country profile Zambia is a landlocked country lying in southern Africa with borders to Angola in the west, Zaire in the north-west, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Mozambique to the east, Zimbabwe in the south-east and Botswana and Namibia to the south. The country covers an area of 752,615 sq km enclosed by land boundaries of 5,664 km in total. The terrain is a mostly high undulating plateau sloping from the south to a height of around 2,300 m in the east. The plateau area includes some hills and mountains, the main rivers in the country are the Zambezi, the Kafue and the Luangwa. The climate is tropical and there are three distinct seasons; cool and dry between May and August, hot and dry during September and October and a rainy season from November to April when temperatures average around 20°C. The Republic of Zambia, formerly Northern Rhodesia, gained independence from the United Kingdom on 24 October 1964. The official language is English with other dialects supporting a mainly ethnic African population. The republic government administers control through nine provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern, North-Western, Southern and Western. The president, elected by popular vote for a five-year term, is both chief of state and head of the government. He appoints the Cabinet from among the National Assembly. The unicameral National Assembly consists of 150 seats with the members also being elected by popular vote to serve for terms of five years. The legal system is based on English common law and customary law with justices being directly appointed by the president. The population of Zambia is around 10.5 million, 1.8 million of whom live in Lusaka, the capital city. Lusaka, which is situated in the south of the country, lies on the junction of two major roads and on Zambia’s main railway route. It is the administrative, financial and commercial centre of the country and also supports an international airport. The population is almost exclusively African with only a minority of Europeans and others (1.3%). Zambia suffers from a serious shortage of housing and, in view of a desperate need for residential accommodation and due to budgetary constraints, the government has put in place a number of measures in order to encourage private foreign investors. These incentives include repatriation of profits, reduced customs duties, duty free on some raw material imports, and easy access to land. The National Housing Authority (NHA), which is state-owned,

310

Zambia

has large reserves of prime land for housing in the major cities but insufficient funding to construct more than a few hundred units per annum. It is seeking companies to work in partnership with them in this element of the construction sector.

Construction cost data Labour resources The figures below are typical labour costs for Zambia in and around Lusaka and are taken at the third quarter 2004. The labour resource costs given are a compilation of the employee’s basic pay and the financial cost to the employer of that labour. The cost of construction labour is based on the employee’s basic pay and includes those allowances for employer and employee expenses such as holidays, insurance and other mandatory and voluntary contributions.

Employer’s cost of labour (per day) Labour resources Operatives General Labourer Groundworks Labourer Bricklayer Shuttering Carpenter Carpenter Steel Fixer Metalworker Craftsman Roof Tiler Sheet Metal Roofer Glazier Plasterer Plasterers Labourer Suspended Ceiling Installer Painter Floor/Wall Tiler Plumber Electrician

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

18,566 24,901 35,359 30,258 35,359 30,258 35,359 35,359 35,359 32,754 35,359 24,901 35,359 32,754 35,359 67,129 67,129

2.05 2.75 3.90 3.34 3.90 3.34 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.61 3.90 2.75 3.90 3.61 3.90 7.41 7.41

3.91 5.25 7.46 6.38 7.46 6.38 7.46 7.46 7.46 6.91 7.46 5.25 7.46 6.91 7.46 14.15 14.15

2.94 3.95 5.61 4.80 5.61 4.80 5.61 5.61 5.61 5.19 5.61 3.95 5.61 5.19 5.61 10.65 10.65

Construction cost data

311

Plant resources The figures below indicate the hire costs of construction plant, delivered to the site location in and around Lusaka, and are current at the third quarter 2004. The rates do not include for any fuel or maintenance expenses and also exclude operator costs and charges. Plant costs Price Plant resources

Unit

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Hymac 580 (360 deg tracked excavator) JCB 3C (180 deg wheeled excavator) Vibrating Roller 6–8 Tonne Dumper 4WD Hydraulic Tip 1270 Kg

Hour Hour Hour Hour

150,808 134,317 55,790 90,554

16.64 14.82 6.15 9.99

31.80 28.32 11.76 19.09

23.92 21.30 8.85 14.36

Poker Vibrator 48 mm Beam Vibrator 6.2 m Reinforcement bending machine

Day Day Hour

53,911 82,493 27,258

5.95 9.10 3.01

11.37 17.39 5.75

8.55 13.08 4.32

25 Tonne Mobile Crane 13 Tonne Mobile Crane 10 Tonne Mobile Crane

Hour Hour Hour

146,783 107,717 87,438

16.19 11.88 9.65

30.95 22.71 18.44

23.28 17.08 13.87

Wacker Plate 2.5 Tonne Block and Tackle Craneage/lifting equipment

Hour Hour Hour

17,376 27,061 145,378

1.92 2.99 16.04

3.66 5.71 30.65

2.76 4.29 23.06

312

Zambia

Material resources The figures below indicate the costs of main construction materials, delivered to site in Lusaka, and are taken at the third quarter 2004 prices. The costs allow for large supplies in full loads and include any mechanical off-loading required at the site. Material costs Price Material resources

Unit

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Aggregates Crushed stone hardcore Clean brick rubble hardcore As-raised hoggin Washed sand

m3 m3 m3 m3

117,395 112,686 101,525 90,629

12.95 12.43 11.20 10.00

24.75 23.76 21.41 19.11

18.62 17.87 16.10 14.37

Drainage 100 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm clay drain pipes 225 mm clay drain pipes 150 mm concrete pipe class L 300 mm concrete pipe class L

m m m m m

50,138 100,168 160,796 87,820 124,253

5.53 11.05 17.74 9.69 13.71

10.57 21.12 33.91 18.52 26.20

7.95 15.89 25.50 13.93 19.71

Concrete Readymix concrete 20 N/mm2 Readymix concrete 30 N/mm2

m3 m3

888,669 904,582

98.04 99.79

187.38 190.74

140.93 143.46

Reinforcement Mild steel bars BS4449 8 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 10 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 16 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 25 mm Mild steel bars BS4449 40 mm High yield bars BS4449 8 mm High yield bars BS4449 10 mm High yield bars BS4449 16 mm High yield bars BS4449 25 mm High yield bars BS4449 40 mm Tying wire mild steel Reinforcement spacer blocks

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne 100

470.80 899.89 471.96 902.10 474.27 906.52 477.28 912.27 481.21 919.79 507.89 970.78 512.14 978.90 517.13 988.45 520.38 994.65 523.38 1,000.38 487.31 931.44 3.37 6.45

676.81 678.48 681.80 686.13 691.78 730.13 736.23 743.42 748.08 752.39 700.54 4.85

Groundworks

Concrete work

4,267,732 4,278,217 4,299,189 4,326,452 4,362,104 4,603,914 4,642,412 4,687,704 4,717,144 4,744,319 4,417,364 30,582

Price Material resources

Unit

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1000

1,631,246

179.95

343.96

258.70

37,678 56,518 76,693 41,428 53,804 73,465

4.16 6.23 8.46 4.57 5.94 8.10

7.94 11.92 16.17 8.74 11.35 15.49

5.98 8.96 12.16 6.57 8.53 11.65

Tonne Tonne m3

625,565 71,458 904,200

69.01 7.88 99.75

131.91 15.07 190.66

99.21 11.33 143.40

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

6,586,799 6,900,764 6,342,100 6,833,440 6,833,440 6,651,534 6,683,902 7,197,251 7,197,251

726.63 761.27 699.64 753.84 753.84 733.78 737.35 793.98 793.98

1,388.89 1,455.09 1,337.29 1,440.89 1,440.89 1,402.54 1,409.36 1,517.61 1,517.61

1,044.59 1,094.38 1,005.78 1,083.70 1,083.70 1,054.86 1,059.99 1,141.40 1,141.40

Masonry Bricks Clay common bricks Blocks 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm 100 mm 150 mm 200 mm

concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete concrete

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N 3.5N

(solid) (solid) (solid) (hollow) (hollow) (hollow)

Cement and Sand Portland cement in bags Soft sand for mortar Cement mortar (1:3)

m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2

Metalwork Structural steel UB BS4360 914 × 305 mm × 289kg UB BS4360 610 × 305 mm × 238kg UB BS4360 457 × 191 mm × 98kg RSJ BS4360 254 × 203 mm × 81.85kg RSJ BS4360 203 × 152 mm × 52.09kg RSC BS4360 432 × 102 mm × 65.54kg RSC BS4360 254 × 76 mm × 28.89kg RHS BS4360 450 × 250 mm × 167kg RHS BS4360 300 × 200 mm × 92.6kg Woodwork Floors and flat roofs 38 × 100 mm sawn softwood 50 × 100 mm sawn softwood 38 × 25 mm tanalised batten

m m m

7,887 10,555 3,375

0.87 1.16 0.37

1.66 2.23 0.71

1.25 1.67 0.54

Boarding to Flooring 12 mm WBP ply 18 mm WBP ply 25 mm WBP ply

m2 m2 m2

62,191 96,609 139,605

6.86 10.66 15.40

13.11 20.37 29.44

9.86 15.32 22.14

Nails Galvanised nails 75 mm Alloy nails 65 mm × 10g 50 mm Oval wire nails

kg kg kg

39,538 50,576 28,647

4.36 5.58 3.16

8.34 10.66 6.04

6.27 8.02 4.54

Price Material resources

Unit

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Sheet metal Sheet lead BS1178 Code 4 Sheet zinc BS849 0.60 mm Sheet copper BS2870 0.45 mm

m2 m2 m2

349,456 284,262 460,521

38.55 31.36 50.80

73.69 59.94 97.11

55.42 45.08 73.03

Felts Underslating felt Type 1F

m2

7,404

0.82

1.56

1.17

Clay roofing products 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 380 × 260 mm pantile, red

1000 1000

Damp-proof membranes 1000g polythene d.p.m.

m2

6,327

0.70

1.33

1.00

Insulation 100 mm thick fibreglass quilt

m2

36,853

4.07

7.77

5.84

Roofing sheets and fixings Corrugated PVC sheet 1830 mm Corrugated galv sheet 1830 mm

Nr Nr

245,113 175,862

27.04 19.40

51.68 37.08

38.87 27.89

window frames s/casement 1000 × 600 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 900 glazed Nr s/casement 1000 × 1200 glazed Nr

1,577,871 1,834,865 2,209,043

174.07 202.42 243.69

332.71 386.90 465.80

250.23 290.99 350.33

Glass and glazing 4 mm clear sheet glass m2 6 mm Georgian wired polished plate m2 5 mm toughened safety glass m2 5.4 mm laminated safety glass m2

297,660 797,440 632,889 733,200

32.84 87.97 69.82 80.88

62.76 168.15 133.45 154.60

47.21 126.46 100.37 116.28

Thermal and moisture protection

3,908,175 6,516,617

431.14 824.07 619.79 718.89 1,374.09 1,033.46

Doors and windows UPVC UPVC UPVC UPVC

Price Material resources

Unit

Kwacha

£ Stg

US $

Euro

m2

19,376

2.14

4.09

3.07

Tiles 25mm × 225 × 225 mm quarry tile m2 9mm × 150 × 150 mm ceramic floor tile m2

287,886 165,806

31.76 18.29

60.70 34.96

45.66 26.29

172,024 235,117 224,025 225,121

18.98 25.94 24.71 24.83

36.27 49.58 47.24 47.47

27.28 37.29 35.53 35.70

Finishes Plasterboards 12.5 mm plasterboard

Decorations Paints and Sundries Emulsion paint matt white Masonry textured paint white Oil/Alkyd paint undercoat Oil/Alkyd paint gloss white

5 5 5 5

Litre Litre Litre Litre

316

Zambia

Unit rates A selection of unit rates for work items that may be carried out on a typical construction project is provided in the following table. The values of the displayed rates are considered to be fairly representative for work of the specified nature and are at third quarter 2004 levels. Each rate includes for all necessary labour, plant and material costs that would be involved in carrying out the operation described. An allowance of 20% has also been included to cover the contractor’s overheads and profit. Any statutory taxes have been excluded. Ref. No.

Description

0

Groundworks

Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Excavation To reduce levels; depth not exceeding: 0.01 1.00 m

m3

11,283

1.24

2.38

1.79

To receive foundations, pile caps and ground beams; depth not exceeding: 0.02 1.00 m

m3

50,657

5.59

10.68

8.03

Trenches to suit pipes not exceeding 200 mm dia.; average depth: 0.03 1.00 m m

30,573

3.37

6.45

4.85

180,769 247,308

19.94 27.28

38.12 52.15

28.67 39.22

Trenches for service pipes, drain pipes, cables or the like including disposal and filling

Filling Filled into excavation; by machine; compacting in 250 mm layers: 0.04 sand 0.05 hardcore

m3 m3

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Clay: 0.06 100 mm dia. 0.07 150 mm dia. 0.08 225 mm dia.

m m m

64,010 127,168 203,828

7.06 14.03 22.49

13.50 26.81 42.98

10.15 20.17 32.32

Concrete: 0.09 150 mm dia. 0.10 300 mm dia.

m m

112,954 238,465

12.46 26.31

23.82 50.28

17.91 37.82

Foundations; combined and isolated bases: 1.01 150–300 mm thick 1.02 over 300 mm thick

m3 m3

1,175,160 1,121,683

129.64 123.74

247.79 236.52

186.37 177.89

Pile caps and ground beams; cross-sectional area: 1.03 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.04 0.05–0.20 m2 1.05 over 0.20 m2

m3 m3 m3

1,177,699 1,176,808 1,123,176

129.92 129.82 123.91

248.33 248.14 236.83

186.77 186.63 178.12

Suspended slabs, floors, landings, roofs or the like: 1.06 not exceeding 150 mm thick 1.07 150–300 mm thick

m3 m3

1,202,239 1,201,112

132.63 132.50

253.50 253.27

190.66 190.48

Columns and casings to metal stanchions; cross-sectional area: 1.08 not exceeding 0.05 m2 1.09 0.05–0.10 m2 1.10 over 0.10 m2

m3 m3 m3

1,227,600 1,189,825 1,164,717

135.42 131.26 128.49

258.85 250.89 245.59

194.68 188.69 184.71

Euro

Underground drainage Drain pipes and jointing in trenches

1

Concrete work Poured concrete Plain concrete mix 20 N/mm2

Reinforced concrete mix 30N/mm2

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Reinforcement Bar reinforcement Mild steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

5,633,854 5,533,363 5,476,638 5,422,536 5,394,049

621.51 610.42 604.16 598.20 595.05

1,187.95 1,166.76 1,154.80 1,143.39 1,137.39

893.46 877.53 868.53 859.95 855.43

Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne Tonne

6,037,273 5,970,396 5,942,856 5,891,366 5,852,707

666.01 658.63 655.60 649.92 645.65

1,273.01 1,258.91 1,253.11 1,242.25 1,234.10

957.44 946.84 942.47 934.30 928.17

62,129 86,241 112,198

6.85 9.51 12.38

13.10 18.18 23.66

9.85 13.68 17.79

High yield steel bars, delivered to site cut, bent and labelled 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20

Bars, fixing with tying wire: 8 mm 10 mm 16 mm 25 mm 40 mm

2

Masonry Walls

Precast concrete blocks, strength 3.5N/mm2; in cement mortar (1:3): 2.01 100 mm solid blocks 2.02 150 mm solid blocks 2.03 200 mm solid blocks

m2 m2 m2

Ref. No.

Description

3

Structural metalwork

Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Beams Universal beams; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.01 914 × 305 mm × 289 kg/m 3.02 610 × 305 mm × 238 kg/m

Tonne 8,499,281 Tonne 9,014,687

937.61 1,792.15 1,347.89 994.47 1,900.83 1,429.63

Rolled steel channels; shot blasted and primed at works: 3.03 432 × 102 mm × 65.54 kg/m 3.04 254 × 76 mm × 28.89 kg/m

Tonne 8,416,663 Tonne 8,584,700

928.50 1,774.73 1,334.79 947.04 1,810.16 1,361.43

4

Woodwork Structural timbers Floors and flat roofs

Sawn softwood; basic sizes: 4.01 38 × 100 mm 4.02 50 × 100 mm

m m

11,238 14,706

1.24 1.62

2.37 3.10

1.78 2.33

m2 m2 m2

82,349 126,807 182,304

9.08 13.99 20.11

17.36 26.74 38.44

13.06 20.11 28.91

m2 m2

366,231 151,203

40.40 16.68

77.22 31.88

58.08 23.98

Boarding to flooring WBP bonding plywood square edged boarding; grade BB: 4.03 12 mm thick 4.04 18 mm thick 4.05 25 mm thick 5

Coverings and linings Roofing systems

Clay tile roofing; alloy nailed every fifth course; 38 × 25 mm tanalised softwood battens; 65 mm lap: 5.01 265 × 165 mm plain tile, red 5.02 380 × 260 mm clay pantile, red

Ref. No.

Description

6

Finishes

Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Cement and sand (1:3) trowelled finish To floors and landings: 6.01 25 mm thick 6.02 38 mm thick 6.03 65 mm thick

m2 m2 m2

34,444 45,582 78,649

3.80 5.03 8.68

7.26 9.61 16.58

5.46 7.23 12.47

m2

379,146

41.83

79.95

60.13

6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08

Walls, returns, reveals of openings or recesses, attached and unattached columns: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds blockwork backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

13,290 13,604 13,329 19,994

1.47 1.50 1.47 2.21

2.80 2.87 2.81 4.22

2.11 2.16 2.11 3.17

6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12

Ceilings, attached and unattached beams and staircase soffits: plastered backgrounds rendered backgrounds concrete backgrounds textured plastic coating backgrounds

m2 m2 m2 m2

13,408 13,801 13,565 13,722

1.48 1.52 1.50 1.51

2.83 2.91 2.86 2.89

2.13 2.19 2.15 2.18

Quarry tiles bedded, jointed and pointed in cement mortar (1:3) To floors and landings: 6.04 225 × 225 × 25 mm Decorations One mist coat and two full coats of emulsion paint

Ref. No.

Description

7

Mechanical engineering

Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Equipment Air handling units

7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04

Externally fitted air conditioning unit; rotary compressor; wall mounted: 3.5 kw cooling unit 5.0 kw cooling unit 7.5 kw cooling unit 10.0 kw cooling unit

Nr Nr Nr Nr

6,758,082 745.53 1,425.00 1,071.75 9,297,487 1,025.67 1,960.46 1,474.47 13,068,207 1,441.64 2,755.55 2,072.47 17,004,131 1,875.84 3,585.48 2,696.66

GRP prefabricated water storage tanks for above ground use; capacity (US) gallons: 7.05 500 gallon 7.06 1000 gallon 7.07 2000 gallon

Nr Nr Nr

7,532,880 831.00 1,588.38 1,194.63 15,470,734 1,706.68 3,262.15 2,453.48 30,272,059 3,339.51 6,383.14 4,800.80

Plastic water storage cisterns with lids: 7.08 114 litre 7.09 182 litre

Nr Nr

217,518 400,056

24.00 44.13

45.87 84.36

34.50 63.44

Baths: 7.10 acrylic

Nr

1,744,756

192.48

367.90

276.70

Basins: 7.11 vitreous china

Nr

887,408

97.90

187.12

140.73

Sinks: 7.12 stainless steel

Nr

1,178,547

130.01

248.51

186.90

WC suites: 7.13 low level washdown 7.14 low level syphonic

Nr Nr

1,770,132 3,545,576

195.28 391.14

373.25 747.62

280.72 562.29

Bidets: 7.15 vitreous china

Nr

1,799,353

198.50

379.41

285.36

Tanks

Sanitaryware; complete with fittings

Ref. No.

Description

8

Electrical engineering

Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Sub main circuits PVC insulated and sheathed single core cable; 450/750V; nominal csa: 8.01 10 mm2

m

38,873

4.29

8.20

6.16

m m

58,091 72,505

6.41 8.00

12.25 15.29

9.21 11.50

m

66,695

7.36

14.06

10.58

Nr Nr

216,807 375,595

23.92 41.43

45.72 79.20

34.38 59.57

Standard cable trays; 1.5 mm/2.0 mm gauge, galvanised; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including fixing to structure with hangers and brackets Straight trays with trapeze hangers; width: 8.02 50 mm 8.03 100 mm Steel conduit; heavy gauge; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, including jointing; fixing to structure and drawing cables Rigid conduit; galvanised; external diameter: 8.04 16 mm Consumer units; prefabricated, assembled and installed on site, fixing to structure; 240V SP & N Standard metal consumer unit with integral 100A main switch; surface mounted; available ways: 8.05 6-way 8.06 12-way

Ref. No.

Description Unit

Kwacha

Price £ Stg US $

Euro

Switch assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 5A SP; flush mounted: 8.07 1 gang, 2 way 8.08 2 gang, 2 way 8.09 3 gang, 2 way

Nr Nr Nr

24,095 42,741 57,581

2.66 4.71 6.35

5.08 9.01 12.14

3.82 6.78 9.13

Nr Nr

32,272 95,186

3.56 10.50

6.80 20.07

5.12 15.10

Nr Nr

51,617 60,287

5.69 6.65

10.88 12.71

8.19 9.56

Nr

86,705

9.57

18.28

13.75

Socket assemblies; including installation and fixing to structure; mounting boxes and fixings where required; (mortices measured separately) 13A SP; flush mounted, unswitched: 8.10 1 gang 8.11 2 gang 13A SP; surface mounted, switched: 8.12 1 gang 8.13 1 gang, with neon indicator 8.14 1 gang, with neon indicator, metalplate

324

Zambia

Approximate estimating A range of rates for construction facility types has been provided in the following table. These generally reflect approximate prices for building costs on a unit area basis and can only be considered as a guide to likely costs for the indicated construction facility. In some cases prices for buildings not commonly available in the country are also given in an attempt to provide the reader with an estimated likely cost of construction. The rates allow for all base construction costs and also include for typical oncosts, preliminaries and general items. Feasibility studies that make use of these rates should take into account any project specific costs. These considerations would need to address such items as the general condition of the site, site access and general location, availability of resources and the like. Each project would be unique in this respect and any appraisal of likely development costs for the scheme will need to determine any additions that may have an adverse effect on typical anticipated costs. The unit area values should be applied to the total floor area of all storeys and generally include for average preliminary and on-costs. They do not include professional fees or capital costs, such as land purchase. No allowance has been made for value added tax. All rates should be treated with caution in any projections and professional advice should be sought before predicted cost calculations are concluded. All prices shown are as current in third quarter 2004. Facility type Multi Storey Car Parks Petrol Stations Airport Terminal Buildings Sorting Offices Refuse Depots Stables and the like Factories Advanced Factories Purpose Built Workshops Warehouses Town Halls Law Courts Offices Banks/Building Societies Retail Warehouses

Kwacha/ft2

Kwacha/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

96,787 517,396 654,032 215,349 158,437 292,917 160,460 165,757 220,407 134,959 384,593 469,562 335,854 475,311 152,687

1,041,818 5,569,254 7,040,005 2,318,015 1,705,417 3,152,959 1,727,194 1,784,213 2,372,456 1,452,699 4,139,763 5,054,362 3,615,130 5,116,252 1,643,527

115 614 777 256 188 348 191 197 262 160 457 558 399 564 181

220 1,174 1,484 489 360 665 364 376 500 306 873 1,066 762 1,079 347

165 883 1,116 368 270 500 274 283 376 230 657 802 573 811 261

Facility type

Kwacha/ft2

Shopping Centres Department Stores Hypermarkets / Supermarkets Shops Stadia Pavilions/Sports Club Houses Religious Buildings Schools Sixth Form Colleges Universities Colleges Research Facilities Laboratories Exhibition Buildings Public Libraries Flats Housing Detached Hotels Halls of Residence Fire Stations Police Stations Closed Prisons Hospitals Intensive Care / Acute Wards Health Centres Nursing Homes Homes for the Elderly Day Centres Veterinary Hospitals Restaurants Theatres Cinemas Clubs Covered Swimming Pools Sports Centres exc. Pools Sports Centres inc. Pools Sports Halls Gymnasia

199,377 271,728 238,508 222,962 368,196 304,523 384,274 320,825 326,457 329,545 350,894 348,099 461,257 415,525 367,344 206,298 325,313 324,727 354,886 426,758 368,941 449,171 474,034 419,598 313,999 367,850 253,680 367,983 474,034 426,039 396,146 326,085 304,097 526,181 297,709 379,855 274,390 445,365

Kwacha/m2

£ Stg/m2

US $/m2

Euro/m2

2,146,098 2,924,883 2,567,295 2,399,962 3,963,262 3,277,886 4,136,325 3,453,356 3,513,985 3,547,223 3,777,018 3,746,933 4,964,965 4,472,709 3,954,093 2,220,596 3,501,664 3,495,361 3,819,998 4,593,624 3,971,285 4,834,881 5,102,499 4,516,548 3,379,890 3,959,537 2,730,616 3,960,970 5,102,499 4,585,888 4,264,117 3,509,974 3,273,301 5,663,808 3,204,534 4,088,761 2,953,536 4,793,908

237 323 283 265 437 362 456 381 388 391 417 413 548 493 436 245 386 386 421 507 438 533 563 498 373 437 301 437 563 506 470 387 361 625 354 451 326 529

453 617 541 506 836 691 872 728 741 748 796 790 1,047 943 834 468 738 737 805 969 837 1,019 1,076 952 713 835 576 835 1,076 967 899 740 690 1,194 676 862 623 1,011

340 464 407 381 629 520 656 548 557 563 599 594 787 709 627 352 555 554 606 728 630 767 809 716 536 628 433 628 809 727 676 557 519 898 508 648 468 760

326

Zambia

Exchange rates The following graph indicates the exchange rate movement over the last five years of the Zambian Kwacha against four other international currencies; £ Stg, US $, Euro and the Japanese Yen (×100). The values used to generate the graphic display are at monthly intervals for each of the currencies and the individual line bars show the respective comparison of the Zambian Kwacha with each of them and the relative value to each other.

Exchange Rates

Construction cost data

327

Consumer price inflation The following table presents indices for consumer prices since 1990. Zambia has experienced a consistently high level of consumer price inflation during the last decade. The average inflation figure from 1990 to 2000 was 68.3%. The subsequent period, 2001 to 2003, has seen the annual rate of inflation fall considerably, by Zambian standards, to an average rate of 21.7%. The prediction for the current year appears to indicate a continuation of the falling trend in the level of consumer price inflation with an anticipated average figure for 2004 of 18.5% from figures provided by Zambian authorities. The graph, which follows the table below, plots the annual percentage change in consumer price inflation since 1991.

Consumer Prices Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Source:

annual average 4.3 8.6 22.8 64.7 100.0 134.9 193.0 240.2 298.9 379.0 477.7 579.9 708.8 860.5 1,019.6

change % 100.0 165.1 183.8 54.6 34.9 43.1 24.5 24.4 26.8 26.0 21.4 22.2 21.4 18.5

Central Statistical Office, Republic of Zambia International Monetary Fund

Consumer Price Inflation for Years 1991 through 2004

Construction cost data

Useful addresses Public organisations Central Statistical Office of Zambia Along Nationalist Road Opposite University Teaching Hospital Ridgeway Area PO Box 31908 Lusaka Zambia Tel: (00260) 1 251 377 Fax: (00260) 1 253 468 Email: [email protected] Website: www.zamstats.gov.zm Foreign embassies British High Commission Independence Avenue 5210 Ridgeway PO Box 50050 Lusaka Zambia Tel: (00260) 1 251 133 Fax: (00260) 1 253 798 American Embassy Corner of Independence and United Nations Avenues PO Box 31617 Lusaka Zambia Tel: (00260) 1 251 450 Fax: (00260) 1 252 434 Email: [email protected] Website: www.usemb.org.zm

329

Canadian High Commission 5199 United Nations Avenue Longacres PO Box 31313 Lusaka Zambia Tel: (00260) 1 250 833 Fax: (00260) 1 254 176 Email: [email protected] Embassy of Namibia PO Box 30577 6968 Kabanga Road Rhodes Park Lusaka Zambia Tel: (00260) 1 252 250 Fax: (00260) 1 252 497 Industrial organisations British Council Heroes Place Cairo Road PO Box 34571 Lusaka Tel: (00260) 1 223 602 Fax: (00260) 1 224 122 Email: [email protected] Website: www.britishcouncil. org.zm

SECTION THREE COMPARATIVE DATA

Part Three

333

Part Three Introductory notes This, the third section, gathers together data primarily from Part Two of the publication to present cost information in tabular form in order to allow direct comparison of such data between countries. It permits the placing of the countries in an international context and provides for the statistical data to be assessed in perspective. The tables are arranged in two sections: Key national indicators • Population • Geography • The economy Construction cost data • • • • • • • • • • • •

Labour cost – Bricklayer and unskilled labour Material costs – Cement and concrete aggregates Material costs – Ready mixed concrete and steel reinforcement Material costs – Solid and hollow concrete blocks Material costs – Sheet glass and plasterboard Material costs – Emulsion paint and quilt insulation Approximate estimating – Car park and petrol stations Approximate estimating – Factories and warehouses Approximate estimating – Offices and shops Approximate estimating – Hospitals and schools Approximate estimating – Sports halls and hotels Approximate estimating – Housing

Each of the tables is accompanied by a brief explanation which describes the content of the information provided. A direct comparison between countries is not recommended where the availability of labour, material and plant resources in specific country locations may adversely affect costs. The tables, however, do allow for an initial synopsis of the construction industry. Any use of the data provided in a more precise situation needs to be carefully considered before a full and final projection of costs is made.

334

Comparative Data

Population The table below summarises population statistics for all thirteen countries included in this publication. The table encompasses data such as a comparison between the total population of all the countries, it also highlights the differences between the percentage of population in relation to age groups, population growth rates and the percentage of the population that live in urban areas. Almost one tenth of the world’s population lives in Africa. The table below shows that Nigeria has the highest population out of the thirteen countries included in this book, more than double the population of South Africa, the second highest in this volume. Gabon and The Gambia have the lowest populations. The table reveals that a higher proportion of the population is under the age of 15 for all countries and a very low proportion of the population is above the age of 65. The majority of countries included in this book are not greatly developed and this is highlighted in the percentage of the population living in an urban area, with most countries averaging a density of around 30–40%, only a few countries such as Gabon, Algeria, South Africa and Cameroon having an urban population of more than 50%. Population growth rates vary from negative per annum in South Africa to over 10% in Kenya.

Population Population

Country

Total (m)

Urban %

Under 15 %

Over 65 %

Growth % pa

Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

32.1 16.1 9.5 1.4 20.8 9.2 32.0 137.3 10.9 42.7 36.6 1.5 11.0

59.0 51.0 25.0 84.0 45.0 35.0 36.0 47.0 50.0 57.0 36.0 26.0 36.0

30.0 42.0 48.0 42.0 38.0 44.0 41.0 43.0 43.0 30.0 44.0 45.0 46.0

5.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 5.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

1.3 2.0 3.0 2.5 1.4 2.4 11.0 2.5 2.5 –0.25 1.95 3.0 1.5

Part Three

335

Geography The table below shows geographical information for all thirteen countries included in this book. Comparisons are made between countries, data such as size of land area, percentage of land used for agriculture, population density, population of each country’s largest city and a percentage of people living in that city in relation to the total population of that country are all shown below. The country with the largest area of land is Algeria. The Gambia has by far the smallest land area of around 10,000 km2. The information in the table below highlights Africa as an agricultural orientated continent with most countries having a reasonable percentage of land area for agriculture, in particular Nigeria which has a 34% agricultural land area. South Africa has the largest population density with around 350 persons per km2, far more dense than many of the other countries in this publication. South Africa also has the largest population living in one city, around three million people, which gives an indication of the importance of that city. Gabon on the other hand has a greater percentage of people living in its largest city in relation to its overall population.

Geography Country

Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

Land area

Population

Largest city

Total ’000s km2

Agriculture area %

per km2

’000s

% of total

2,381.7 469.4 1,259.2 257.7 230.9 245.9 569.3 910.8 192.0 1,219.9 886.0 10.0 740.7

3.5 15.4 2.9 1.9 30.0 6.0 9.0 34.0 13.0 13.0 6.0 26.0 7.0

13.5 34.3 7.5 5.4 90.0 37.4 56.2 150.8 56.8 350.0 41.3 150.0 14.9

1,700 1,200 704 685 1,700 1,900 2,500 1,100 2,600 2,984 372 1,500 1,200

5.3 13.4 7.4 48.9 8.2 20.6 7.8 0.8 23.9 7.0 1.0 2.4 10.9

336

Comparative Data

Economy The table below summarises economic data for all the countries included in this publication. The figures indicated for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in each of the country profile sections have been shown in national currencies. For the table below these figures have been converted to US dollars using an average exchange rate for the relevant year, generally in respect of 2003. The table contains some of the world’s poorest countries such as The Gambia and Chad. The wealthiest countries in this table are South Africa and Algeria, both with modest GDP figures. It is perhaps more helpful when measuring national wealth to consider the GDP per capita. It reveals that Gabon has the highest GDP per capita of US$4,308 but it is South Africa which has the second highest at US$3,530 per capita. The GDP growth rates are possibly more interesting indicators of potential wealth as the rates are real, any inflation effects having been excluded. Chad, Tanzania and The Gambia have all achieved a 5% or more growth in GDP over the last five years. Zambia and Ghana have had high percentage values for average annual inflation over the last five years, whereas most other countries in the table have an average annual inflation percentage below 10%, in some cases well below that figure.

Economy 2003

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

1998–2003

GDP US$ bn

GDP per capita US$

GDP Growth (real) % pa

Inflation average % pa

66.6 12.4 2.6 5.6 7.7 3.6 14.3 58.4 6.5 159.9 45.0 0.4 4.3

2,094 770 302 4,308 370 456 2,252 430 650 3,530 1,250 279 414

4.0 4.0 6.7 -0.5 4.4 3.6 1.1 3.7 4.9 2.4 5.2 5.0 2.7

2.7 2.9 2.7 1.1 21.1 6.3 6.5 11.6 1.4 6.2 7.2 6.2 23.8

Labour Costs

337

Labour Costs The following table displays comparative costs for a bricklayer and for an unskilled labourer. The rates are built up by combining the basic wage and the costs of employing that labour by the employer including any mandatory and other contributions. They are considered to be fairly representative for building construction staff employed on standard specification type projects. The rates do not take into account any enhancements for bonus payments and such like and employment and general site conditions may necessitate the need to increase these rates. The rates are at third quarter 2004 levels and apply to construction sites located in and around capital and major city locations of each individual country. Where specific projects are in remote and inaccessible locations the rates should be suitably enhanced to reflect any necessary uplifts. All rates are displayed in the local currency and in UK £ Sterling, US Dollar and Euro values to show comparative values between each region.

Bricklayer and unskilled labour costs The table below summarises daily labour costs for a bricklayer and for unskilled labour in each of the countries as at third quarter 2004. Bricklayer

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

day

Unskilled labour

day

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

1,471 6,252 6,549 6,466 114,021 34,381 531 1,700 6,419 233 6,930 387 35,359

10.26 6.31 6.61 6.53 6.70 6.56 3.41 7.23 6.75 20.83 3.45 6.79 3.90

19.61 12.20 12.78 12.62 12.81 12.53 6.51 12.59 13.04 38.74 6.41 12.97 7.46

14.75 9.15 9.59 9.47 9.63 9.42 4.90 10.09 9.79 29.69 4.92 9.76 5.61

863 2,900 3,000 2,962 48,854 16,179 287 800 3,081 111 3,780 183 18,566

6.02 2.93 3.03 2.99 2.87 3.08 1.84 3.40 3.24 9.92 1.88 3.21 2.05

11.51 5.66 5.85 5.78 5.49 5.90 3.52 5.93 6.26 18.45 3.50 6.13 3.91

8.66 4.25 4.39 4.34 4.13 4.43 2.64 4.75 4.70 14.14 2.68 4.61 2.94

338

Comparative Data

Material Costs The following tables display comparative costs for commonly used building materials. The prices indicated are average costs for the individual materials delivered in reasonable quantities to construction sites in and around capital and major city locations and are current as at third quarter 2004. Value added tax and other similar taxes have been excluded. It has been assumed that there would be no delivery problems and that site access is unrestricted. The item costs have been provided in local currency and in UK £ Sterling, US Dollar and Euro equivalents. Transport of goods to remote locations may well add considerably to the prices shown and site specific considerations will have to be taken in order to recover costs.

Material costs – cement and concrete aggregates The table below summarises costs per tonne for cement and costs per m3 for concrete aggregates as at third quarter of 2004. Cement

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

tonne

Aggregate for concrete

m3

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

11,268 87,177 81,728 89,512 1,486,713 460,484 10,250 20,000 84,122 666 135,088 4,962 625,565

78.58 88.00 82.50 90.36 87.39 87.80 65.69 85.11 88.40 59.56 67.22 86.99 69.01

150.19 170.07 159.44 174.63 167.04 167.81 125.56 148.15 170.83 110.75 125.00 166.28 131.91

112.96 127.64 119.67 131.06 125.63 126.21 94.44 118.71 128.24 84.87 95.81 125.06 99.21

1,696 14,998 13,906 14,737 242,316 77,786 1,840 3,375 13,849 127 24,856 832 117,395

11.83 15.14 14.04 14.88 14.24 14.83 11.79 14.36 14.55 11.31 12.37 14.59 12.95

22.61 29.26 27.13 28.75 27.23 28.35 22.54 25.00 28.13 21.04 23.00 27.88 24.75

17.01 21.96 20.36 21.58 20.48 21.32 16.95 20.03 21.11 16.12 17.63 20.97 18.62

Material Costs

339

Material costs – ready mixed concrete and steel reinforcement The table below summarises costs per m3 for 20N/mm2 ready mixed concrete and costs per tonne for mild steel reinforcement as at third quarter 2004. Ready mixed concrete

Country Bahrain Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m3

National currency

£ Stg

24 8,018 63,870 59,878 65,580 1,089,235 354,356 14,214 14,790 61,632 534 189,081 3,635 888,669

34.62 55.91 64.47 60.45 66.20 64.03 67.56 91.10 62.94 64.77 47.71 94.09 63.73 98.04

Mild steel reinforcement

tonne

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

64.11 49.45 106.87 80.38 124.60 93.52 116.82 87.67 127.94 96.02 122.38 92.04 129.14 97.13 174.12 130.96 109.56 87.78 125.16 93.96 88.71 67.98 174.96 134.11 121.82 91.62 187.38 140.93

319 52,329 396,122 375,032 413,561 6,538,637 2,208,546 66,038 92,000 369,974 4,879 910,272 22,380 4,267,732

457.14 364.91 399.88 378.59 417.48 384.35 421.09 423.22 391.49 388.79 436.10 452.97 392.36 470.80

846.49 697.49 772.80 731.66 806.82 734.64 804.86 808.94 681.48 751.33 810.92 842.30 749.95 899.89

652.88 524.59 580.01 549.13 605.54 552.53 605.34 608.41 546.06 564.02 621.41 645.64 564.04 676.81

US $

340

Comparative Data

Material costs – solid and hollow concrete blocks The table below summarises costs per m2 for 100mm solid and 150mm hollow blocks as at third quarter 2004. 100mm solid concrete blocks

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

150mm hollow concrete blocks

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

669 2,831 2,654 2,906 48,086 15,575 607 651 2,721 63 8,056 160 37,678

4.67 2.86 2.68 2.93 2.83 2.97 3.89 2.77 2.86 5.60 4.01 2.81 4.16

8.92 5.52 5.18 5.67 5.40 5.68 7.44 4.82 5.53 10.41 7.45 5.38 7.94

6.71 4.14 3.89 4.26 4.06 4.27 5.60 3.86 4.15 7.97 5.71 4.04 5.98

789 3,555 3,333 3,650 60,629 19,541 869 800 3,431 87 11,239 202 53,804

5.51 3.59 3.36 3.68 3.56 3.73 5.57 3.40 3.60 7.81 5.59 3.55 5.94

10.52 6.94 6.50 7.12 6.81 7.12 10.65 5.93 6.97 14.52 10.40 6.78 11.35

7.91 5.21 4.88 5.34 5.12 5.36 8.01 4.75 5.23 11.12 7.97 5.10 8.53

Material Costs

341

Material costs – sheet glass and plasterboard The table below summarises costs per m2 for sheet or float glass and for plasterboard as at third quarter 2004. Sheet/float glass

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

Plasterboard 12.5mm

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

4,687 34,663 32,497 35,592 591,148 192,126 4,782 8,111 33,449 386 64,278 1,973 297,660

32.69 34.99 32.80 35.93 34.75 36.63 30.65 34.51 35.15 34.51 31.99 34.59 32.84

62.48 67.62 63.40 69.44 66.42 70.02 58.58 60.08 67.93 64.18 59.48 66.12 62.76

46.99 50.75 47.58 52.11 49.95 52.66 44.06 48.14 50.99 49.18 45.59 49.73 47.21

356 2,256 2,141 2,345 38,956 12,556 315 524 2,204 27 4,153 130 19,376

2.48 2.28 2.16 2.37 2.29 2.39 2.02 2.23 2.32 2.41 2.07 2.28 2.14

4.75 4.40 4.18 4.58 4.38 4.58 3.86 3.88 4.48 4.48 3.84 4.36 4.09

3.57 3.30 3.14 3.43 3.29 3.44 2.90 3.11 3.36 3.43 2.95 3.28 3.07

342

Comparative Data

Material costs – emulsion paint and quilt insulation The table below summarises costs per 5 litres of emulsion paint and costs per m2 for 100mm thick quilt insulation as at third quarter 2004. Emulsion paint

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

5 litres

Quilt insulation 100mm

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

2,473 20,431 19,154 20,979 348,436 112,305 2,819 4,687 19,715 214 37,148 1,163 172,024

17.25 20.62 19.34 21.18 20.48 21.41 18.06 19.95 20.72 19.10 18.49 20.39 18.98

32.97 39.86 37.37 40.93 39.15 40.93 34.53 34.72 40.04 35.52 34.37 38.97 36.27

24.79 29.92 28.05 30.72 29.44 30.78 25.97 27.82 30.06 27.22 26.35 29.31 27.28

659 4,292 4,023 4,407 71,580 23,359 579 987 4,050 47 7,822 239 36,853

4.60 4.33 4.06 4.45 4.21 4.45 3.71 4.20 4.26 4.20 3.89 4.19 4.07

8.79 8.37 7.85 8.60 8.04 8.51 7.09 7.31 8.23 7.81 7.24 8.01 7.77

6.61 6.28 5.89 6.45 6.05 6.40 5.33 5.86 6.17 5.98 5.55 6.02 5.84

Material Costs

343

Approximate estimating – car parks and petrol stations The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for multi-storey car parks and petrol stations. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. Multi-Storey Car Parks

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

National currency

£ Stg

US $

22,375 127,081 121,959 129,786 2,142,489 681,677 16,512 27,258 123,007 2,034 213,997 7,274 1,041,818

156 128 123 131 126 130 106 116 129 182 106 128 115

298 248 238 253 241 248 202 202 250 338 198 244 220

m2

Petrol Stations

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

224 119,608 186 679,336 179 651,958 190 693,798 181 11,453,126 187 3,644,045 152 88,268 162 145,713 188 657,560 259 10,873 152 1,143,966 183 38,883 165 5,569,254

834 686 658 700 673 695 566 620 691 972 569 682 614

1,594 1,325 1,272 1,354 1,287 1,328 1,081 1,079 1,335 1,807 1,059 1,303 1,174

1,199 995 955 1,016 968 999 813 865 1,002 1,385 811 980 883

Euro

344

Comparative Data

Approximate estimating – factories and warehouses The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for factories and warehouses. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. Factories

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

Warehouses

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

37,094 210,683 202,192 215,168 3,551,960 1,130,128 27,375 45,190 203,929 3,372 354,778 12,059 1,727,194

259 213 204 217 209 215 175 192 214 301 177 211 191

494 411 394 420 399 412 335 335 414 560 328 404 364

372 308 296 315 300 310 252 268 311 429 252 304 274

31,199 177,200 170,058 180,972 2,987,464 950,523 23,024 38,008 171,520 2,836 298,395 10,142 1,452,699

218 179 172 183 176 181 148 162 180 254 148 178 160

416 346 332 353 336 346 282 282 348 471 276 340 306

313 259 249 265 252 261 212 226 261 361 212 256 230

Material Costs

345

Approximate estimating – offices and shops The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for offices and shops. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. Offices, generally

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

Shops

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

77,640 440,972 423,201 450,360 7,434,485 2,365,433 57,297 94,586 426,837 7,058 742,574 25,240 3,615,130

541 445 427 455 437 451 367 402 449 631 370 442 399

1,035 860 826 879 835 862 702 701 867 1,173 687 846 762

778 646 620 659 628 648 528 561 651 899 527 636 573

51,543 292,747 280,949 298,979 4,935,503 1,570,331 38,037 62,792 283,363 4,686 492,970 16,756 2,399,962

359 296 284 302 290 299 244 267 298 419 245 294 265

687 571 548 583 555 572 466 465 575 779 456 561 506

517 429 411 438 417 430 350 373 432 597 350 422 381

346

Comparative Data

Approximate estimating – hospitals and schools The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for hospitals and schools. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. General hospitals

m2

Secondary/middle schools

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

Algeria 109,584 Cameroon 622,401 Chad 597,318 Gabon 635,651 Ghana 10,493,248 Guinea 3,338,640 Kenya 80,870 Nigeria 133,501 Senegal 602,451 South Africa 9,962 Tanzania 1,048,091 The Gambia 35,624 Zambia 5,102,499

764 628 603 642 617 637 518 568 633 890 522 625 563

1,461 1,214 1,165 1,240 1,179 1,217 991 989 1,223 1,656 970 1,194 1,076

1,099 911 875 931 887 915 745 792 918 1,269 743 898 809

74,166 421,239 404,263 430,207 7,101,798 2,259,581 54,733 90,353 407,737 6,742 709,345 24,110 3,453,356

517 425 408 434 417 431 351 384 428 603 353 423 381

989 822 789 839 798 823 670 669 828 1,121 656 808 728

743 617 592 630 600 619 504 536 622 859 503 608 548

Country

Material Costs

347

Approximate estimating – sports halls and hotels The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for sports halls and hotels. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. Sports halls

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

Hotels, generally

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

63,431 360,271 345,752 367,941 6,073,922 1,932,542 46,811 77,276 348,723 5,766 606,678 20,621 2,953,536

442 364 349 371 357 368 300 329 366 515 302 362 326

845 703 675 718 682 704 573 572 708 958 561 691 623

636 528 506 539 513 530 431 459 532 734 430 520 468

75,068 426,363 409,180 435,440 7,188,181 2,287,066 55,398 91,452 412,696 6,824 717,973 24,403 3,495,361

523 430 413 440 423 436 355 389 434 610 357 428 386

1,001 832 798 850 808 833 679 677 838 1,134 664 818 737

753 624 599 638 607 627 510 543 629 869 509 615 5548

348

Comparative Data

Approximate estimating – housing The table below summarises approximate estimating costs per m2 for detached housing and flats. The costs are as at third quarter 2004. Housing, detached

Country Algeria Cameroon Chad Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tanzania The Gambia Zambia

m2

Flats

m2

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

National currency

£ Stg

US $

Euro

75,203 427,132 409,918 436,225 7,201,145 2,291,191 55,498 91,617 413,441 6,836 719,268 24,447 3,501,664

524 431 414 440 423 437 356 390 434 611 358 429 386

1,002 833 800 851 809 835 680 679 840 1,136 666 819 738

754 625 600 639 609 628 511 544 630 871 510 616 555

47,690 270,868 259,951 276,634 4,566,637 1,452,968 35,195 58,099 262,185 4,335 456,127 15,503 2,220,596

333 273 262 279 268 277 226 247 276 388 227 272 245

636 528 507 540 513 530 431 430 532 721 422 520 468

478 397 381 405 386 398 324 345 400 552 324 391 352

Index Acknowledgements, viii Algeria, 13 Approximate estimating, 30 Construction, 14 Construction cost data, 16 Consumer price inflation, 33 Country profile, 15 Economic indicators and key data, 13 Economy, 14 Exchange rates, 32 Geography, 13 Labour resources, 16 Material costs, 18 Material resources, 18 Plant costs, 17 Plant resources, 17 Population, 13 Transportation, 13 Unit rates, 22 Useful addresses, 35 Approximate estimating Algeria, 30 Cameroon, 54 Car parks and petrol stations, 343 Chad, 78 Factories and warehouses, 344 Gabon, 102 Ghana, 126 Guinea, 150 Hospitals and schools, 346 Housing, 348 Kenya, 174 Nigeria, 198 Offices and shops, 345 Senegal, 224 South Africa, 248 Sports halls and hotels, 347 Tanzania, 274 The Gambia, 300 Zambia, 324 Cameroon, 37 Approximate estimating, 54 Construction, 38

Construction cost data, 40 Consumer price inflation, 57 Country profile, 39 Economic indicators and key data, 37 Economy, 38 Exchange rates, 56 Geography, 37 Labour resources, 40 Material costs, 42 Material resources, 42 Plant costs, 41 Plant resources, 41 Population, 37 Transportation, 37 Unit rates, 46 Useful addresses, 59 Chad Approximate estimating, 78 Construction, 62 Construction cost data, 64 Consumer price inflation, 81 Country profile, 63 Economic indicators and key data, 61 Economy, 62 Exchange rates, 80 Geography, 61 Labour resources, 64 Material costs, 66 Material resources, 66 Plant costs, 65 Plant resources, 65 Population, 61 Transportation, 61 Unit rates, 70 Useful addresses, 83 Comparative data, 307 Bricklayer and unskilled labour costs, 337 Car parks and petrol stations, 343 Cement and concrete aggregates, 338 Economy, 336 Emulsion paint and quilt insulation, 342 Factories and warehouses, 344 Geography, 335 Housing, 348

350

African Construction Costs Handbook

Hospitals and schools, 346 Labour costs, 337 Material costs, 338 Offices and shops, 345 Population, 334 Ready mixed concrete and steel reinforcements, 339 Sheet glass and plasterboard, 341 Solid and hollow concrete blocks, 340 Sports halls and hotels, 347 Construction, Algeria, 14 Cameroon, 38 Chad, 62 Gabon, 86 Ghana, 110 Guinea, 134 Kenya, 158 Nigeria, 182 Senegal, 208 South Africa, 232 Tanzania, 258 The Gambia, 284 Zambia, 308 Construction cost data, Algeria, 16 Cameroon, 40 Chad, 64 Gabon, 88 Ghana, 112 Guinea, 136 Kenya, 160 Nigeria, 184 Senegal, 210 South Africa, 234 Tanzania, 260 The Gambia, 129 Zambia, 310 Consumer price inflation, Algeria, 33 Cameroon, 57 Chad, 81 Gabon, 105 Ghana, 129 Guinea, 153

Kenya, 177 Nigeria, 201 Senegal, 227 South Africa, 251 Tanzania, 277 The Gambia, 303 Zambia, 327 Contents, v Conversion factors, x Countries, Algeria, 13 Cameroon, 37 Chad, 61 Gabon, 85 Ghana, 109 Guinea, 133 Kenya, 157 Nigeria, 181 Senegal, 207 South Africa, 231 Tanzania, 257 The Gambia, 283 Zambia, 307 Country profile, Algeria, 15 Cameroon, 39 Chad, 63 Gabon, 87 Ghana, 111 Guinea, 135 Kenya, 159 Nigeria, 183 Senegal, 209 South Africa, 233 Tanzania, 259 The Gambia, 285 Zambia, 309 Economic indicators and key data Algeria, 13 Cameroon, 37 Chad, 61 Gabon, 85 Ghana, 109 Guinea, 133

Index

Kenya, 157 Nigeria, 181 Senegal, 207 South Africa, 231 Tanzania, 257 The Gambia, 283 Zambia, 307 Economy, Algeria, 14 Cameroon, 38 Chad, 62 Gabon, 86 Ghana, 110 Guinea, 134 Kenya, 158 Nigeria, 182 Senegal, 208 South Africa, 232 Tanzania, 258 The Gambia, 284 Zambia, 308 Exchange rates, Algeria, 32 Cameroon, 56 Chad, 80 Gabon, 104 Ghana, 128 Guinea, 152 Kenya, 176 Nigeria, 200 Senegal, 226 South Africa, 250 Tanzania, 276 The Gambia, 302 Zambia, 326 Exchange rates and inflation values, 11 Gabon Approximate estimating, 102 Construction, 86 Construction cost data, 88 Consumer price inflation, 105 Country profile, 87 Economic indicators and key data, 85 Economy, 86 Exchange rates, 104

351

Geography, 85 Labour resources, 88 Material costs, 90 Material resources, 90 Plant costs, 89 Plant resources, 89 Population, 85 Transportation, 85 Unit rates, 94 Useful addresses, 107 Geography Algeria, 336 Cameroon, 336 Chad, 61 Gabon, 85 Ghana, 109 Guinea, 133 Kenya, 157 Nigeria, 181 Senegal, 207 South Africa, 231 Tanzania, 257 The Gambia, 283 Zambia, 307 Ghana Approximate estimating, 126 Construction, 110 Construction cost data, 112 Consumer price inflation, 129 Country profile, 111 Economic indicators and key data, 109 Economy, 110 Exchange rates, 128 Geography, 109 Labour resources, 112 Material costs, 114 Material resources, 114 Plant costs, 113 Plant resources, 113 Population, 109 Transportation, 109 Unit rates, 118 Useful addresses, 131 Guinea Approximate estimating, 150 Construction, 134

352

African Construction Costs Handbook

Construction cost data, 136 Consumer price inflation, 153 Country profile, 135 Economic indicators and key data, 133 Economy, 134 Exchange rates, 152 Geography, 133 Labour resources, 136 Material costs, 138 Material resources, 138 Plant costs, 137 Plant resources, 137 Population, 133 Transportation, 133 Unit rates, 142 Useful addresses, 155

Chad, 64 Gabon, 88 Ghana, 112 Guinea, 136 Kenya, 160 Nigeria, 184 Senegal, 210 South Africa, 234 Tanzania, 260 The Gambia, 286 Zambia, 310

Kenya Approximate estimating, 174 Construction, 158 Construction cost data, 160 Consumer price inflation, 177 Country profile, 159 Economic indicators and key data, 157 Economy, 158 Exchange rates, 176 Geography, 157 Labour resources, 160 Material costs, 162 Material resources, 162 Plant costs, 161 Plant resources, 161 Population, 157 Transportation, 157 Unit rates, 166 Useful addresses, 179 Key characteristics of countries, 5 Key data, 9

Material costs, Algeria, 18 Cameroon, 42 Chad, 66 Gabon, 90 Ghana, 114 Guinea, 138 Kenya, 162 Nigeria, 186 Senegal, 212 South Africa, 236 Tanzania, 262 The Gambia, 288 Zambia, 312 Material resources, Algeria, 18 Cameroon, 42 Chad, 66 Gabon, 90 Ghana, 114 Guinea, 138 Kenya, 162 Nigeria, 186 Senegal, 212 South Africa, 236 Tanzania, 262 The Gambia, 288 Zambia, 312 Membership of international organisations, 4

Labour resources, Algeria, 16 Cameroon, 40

Nigeria, 181 Approximate estimating, 198 Construction, 182

Individual countries, 7 Introduction, 3 Introductory notes, 9

Index

Construction cost data, 184 Consumer price inflation, 201 Country profile, 183 Economic indicators and key data, 181 Economy, 182 Exchange rates, 200 Geography, 181 Labour resources, 184 Material costs, 186 Material resources, 186 Plant costs, 185 Plant resources, 185 Population, 181 Transportation, 181 Unit rates, 190 Useful addresses, 203 Plant costs, Algeria, 17 Cameroon, 41 Chad, 65 Gabon, 89 Ghana, 113 Guinea, 137 Kenya, 161 Nigeria, 185 Senegal, 211 South Africa, 235 Tanzania, 261 The Gambia, 287 Zambia, 311 Plant resources Algeria, 17 Cameroon, 41 Chad, 65 Gabon, 89 Ghana, 113 Guinea, 137 Kenya, 161 Nigeria, 185 Senegal, 211 South Africa, 235 Tanzania, 261 The Gambia, 287 Zambia, 311

353

Population Algeria, 13 Cameroon, 37 Chad, 61 Gabon, 85 Ghana, 109 Guinea, 133 Kenya, 157 Nigeria, 181 Senegal, 207 South Africa, 231 Tanzania, 257 The Gambia, 283 Zambia, 307 Preface, vii Publication users guide, 9 Regional overview, 1 Senegal, 207 Approximate estimating, 224 Construction, 208 Construction cost data, 210 Consumer price inflation, 227 Country profile, 209 Economic indicators and key data, 207 Economy, 208 Exchange rates, 226 Geography, 207 Labour resources, 210 Material costs, 212 Material resources, 212 Plant costs, 211 Plant resources, 211 Population, 207 Transportation, 207 Unit rates, 216 Useful addresses, 229 South Africa, 231 Approximate estimating, 248 Construction, 232 Construction cost data, 234 Consumer price inflation, 251 Country Profile, 233 Economic indicators and key data, 231 Economy, 232

354

African Construction Costs Handbook

Exchange rates, 250 Geography, 231 Labour resources, 234 Material costs, 236 Material resources, 236 Plant costs, 235 Plant resources, 235 Population, 231 Transportation, 231 Unit rates, 240 Useful addresses, 253 Tanzania, 257 Approximate estimating, 274 Construction, 258 Construction cost data, 260 Consumer price inflation, 277 Country profile, 259 Economic indicators and key data, 257 Economy, 258 Exchange rates, 276 Geography, 257 Labour resources, 260 Material costs, 262 Material resources, 262 Plant costs, 261 Plant resources, 261 Population, 257 Transportation, 257 Unit rates, 266 Useful addresses, 279 The Gambia, 283 Approximate estimating, 300 Construction, 284 Construction cost data, 286 Consumer price inflation, 303 Country profile, 285 Economic indicators and key data, 283 Economy, 284 Exchange rates, 302 Geography, 283 Labour resources, 286 Material costs, 288 Material resources, 288 Plant costs, 287 Plant resources, 287 Population, 283

Transportation, 283 Unit rates, 292 Useful addresses, 305 Transportation Algeria, 13 Cameroon, 37 Chad, 61 Gabon, 85 Ghana, 109 Guinea, 133 Kenya, 157 Nigeria, 181 Senegal, 207 South Africa, 231 Tanzania, 257 The Gambia, 283 Zambia, 307 Unit rates Algeria, 22 Cameroon, 46 Chad, 70 Gabon, 110 Ghana, 118 Guinea, 142 Kenya, 166 Nigeria, 190 Senegal, 216 South Africa, 240 Tanzania, 266 The Gambia, 292 Zambia, 316 Useful addresses Algeria, 35 Cameroon, 59 Chad, 83 Gabon, 107 Ghana, 131 Guinea, 155 Kenya, 179 Nigeria, 203 Senegal, 229 South Africa, 253 Tanzania, 279 The Gambia, 305 Zambia, 329

Index

Zambia, 307 Approximate estimating, 324 Construction, 308 Construction cost data, 310 Consumer price inflation, 327 Country profile, 309 Economic indicators and key data, 307 Economy, 308 Exchange rates, 326 Geography, 307 Labour resources, 310 Material costs, 312 Material resources, 312 Plant costs, 311 Plant resources, 311 Population, 307 Transportation, 307 Unit rates, 316 Useful addresses, 329

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