The Probert Encyclopaedia Of Aircraft
Compact Edition Free For Personal Use ©2004 The Probert Encyclopaedia
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The Probert Encyclopaedia Of Aircraft
Compact Edition Free For Personal Use ©2004 The Probert Encyclopaedia
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................................................1 737.......................................................................................................................................................2 747.......................................................................................................................................................2 757.......................................................................................................................................................2 A−........................................................................................................................................................2 A−10....................................................................................................................................................2 A−12....................................................................................................................................................2 A−18....................................................................................................................................................3 A−27....................................................................................................................................................3 A−37....................................................................................................................................................3 A−4......................................................................................................................................................4 A−5......................................................................................................................................................4 AASEN BOMB.....................................................................................................................................4 AC−130H.............................................................................................................................................4 ADEN 25..............................................................................................................................................5 ADEN MK 4.........................................................................................................................................5 AERITALIA AP68−300........................................................................................................................5 AERITALIA G222.................................................................................................................................5 AERITALIA G91R................................................................................................................................5 AERITALIA G91Y................................................................................................................................5 AERMACCHI AL60..............................................................................................................................6 AERMACCHI AM.3..............................................................................................................................6 AERMACCHI MB 323..........................................................................................................................6 AERMACCHI MB 326..........................................................................................................................6 AERMACCHI MB 339..........................................................................................................................7 AERO A 100........................................................................................................................................7 AERO A 304........................................................................................................................................7 AERO L−29.........................................................................................................................................8 AERO L−39.........................................................................................................................................8 AERO L−59.........................................................................................................................................8 AERODROME.....................................................................................................................................9 AERONCA L−3....................................................................................................................................9 AEROPLANE.......................................................................................................................................9 AEROSPATIALE AS 332.....................................................................................................................9 AEROSPATIALE CM 170....................................................................................................................9 AEROSPATIALE N 262.......................................................................................................................9 AEROSPATIALE SA 315.....................................................................................................................9 AEROSPATIALE SA 318...................................................................................................................10 AEROSPATIALE SA 319B................................................................................................................10 AEROSPATIALE SA 321...................................................................................................................10 AEROSPATIALE SA 330...................................................................................................................10 AEROSPATIALE SA 341...................................................................................................................10 AEROSPATIALE SA 342...................................................................................................................11 AEROSPATIALE SA 365...................................................................................................................11 AEROSPATIALE SA 565...................................................................................................................11 AEROSPATIALE SE 310...................................................................................................................12 AEROSPATIALE SE 313...................................................................................................................12 AEROSPATIALE SN 601..................................................................................................................12 AEROTEC A−122..............................................................................................................................12 AGM−65............................................................................................................................................12 AGM−65D..........................................................................................................................................12 AGUSTA............................................................................................................................................12 AGUSTA A 109A...............................................................................................................................12 AGUSTA A 109K...............................................................................................................................13 AGUSTA A129...................................................................................................................................13 AGUSTA AB204................................................................................................................................13 AGUSTA AB212ASW........................................................................................................................13 AGUSTA AB412................................................................................................................................14 AH−1..................................................................................................................................................14 AH−64................................................................................................................................................14 AICHI B7A.........................................................................................................................................15 AICHI D3A.........................................................................................................................................15 i
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction AICHI E13A.......................................................................................................................................15 AICHI E16A1.....................................................................................................................................15 AIDC A−1...........................................................................................................................................16 AIDC AT−3A......................................................................................................................................16 AIDC T−1...........................................................................................................................................16 AIM−120A..........................................................................................................................................16 AIM−26..............................................................................................................................................16 AIM−4................................................................................................................................................17 AIM−54..............................................................................................................................................17 AIM−7................................................................................................................................................17 AIM−9................................................................................................................................................17 AIR−TO−AIR MISSILE......................................................................................................................17 AIRBUS A300B..................................................................................................................................17 AIRCRAFT.........................................................................................................................................18 AIRTECH CN.235..............................................................................................................................18 AIRTRAINER.....................................................................................................................................18 ALBATROS D1..................................................................................................................................18 ALBEMARLE.....................................................................................................................................19 ALENIA F−104S................................................................................................................................19 ALKALI...............................................................................................................................................19 ALOUETTE III....................................................................................................................................19 ALPHA JET........................................................................................................................................19 AMBROSINI S.7................................................................................................................................20 AMX...................................................................................................................................................20 AN−12................................................................................................................................................20 AN−124..............................................................................................................................................20 AN−14................................................................................................................................................21 AN−2..................................................................................................................................................21 AN−22................................................................................................................................................21 AN−225..............................................................................................................................................21 AN−24................................................................................................................................................21 AN−26................................................................................................................................................22 AN−28................................................................................................................................................22 AN−30................................................................................................................................................22 AN−32................................................................................................................................................22 AN−70................................................................................................................................................22 AN−72................................................................................................................................................22 ANAB.................................................................................................................................................23 ANSON..............................................................................................................................................23 AP 1...................................................................................................................................................23 ARADO..............................................................................................................................................23 ARADO AR 196.................................................................................................................................23 ARADO AR 232.................................................................................................................................23 ARADO AR 234.................................................................................................................................24 ARADO AR 66...................................................................................................................................24 ARADO AR 68...................................................................................................................................24 ARADO AR 96...................................................................................................................................24 ARMSTRONG WHITWORTH XV......................................................................................................25 ARMSTRONG−WHITWORTH FK 8..................................................................................................25 AS 350...............................................................................................................................................25 AS 355...............................................................................................................................................25 AS 365...............................................................................................................................................25 AS 39.................................................................................................................................................25 AS 51.................................................................................................................................................25 AS 565...............................................................................................................................................26 ASH...................................................................................................................................................26 ASTA N22 MISSION MASTER..........................................................................................................26 ASTA N22 SEARCH MASTER..........................................................................................................26 ASTAR...............................................................................................................................................26 AT−20................................................................................................................................................26 ATLANTIQUE ATL3...........................................................................................................................26 ii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction ATLAS CHEETAH.............................................................................................................................27 ATLAS CSH−2 ROOIVALK...............................................................................................................27 ATLAS IMPALA.................................................................................................................................27 ATLAS MK I.......................................................................................................................................27 AU−23................................................................................................................................................28 AUSTER A.O.P.9...............................................................................................................................28 AV−8B...............................................................................................................................................28 AVIA B.534........................................................................................................................................28 AVRO 504..........................................................................................................................................28 AVRO 626..........................................................................................................................................29 AVRO CANADA CF−100...................................................................................................................29 AVRO CANADA CF−105...................................................................................................................29 AVRO YORK.....................................................................................................................................29 AVRO−MANCHESTER.....................................................................................................................29 AW 38................................................................................................................................................30 AW 41................................................................................................................................................30 B−......................................................................................................................................................30 B−1B..................................................................................................................................................30 B−2....................................................................................................................................................30 B−25..................................................................................................................................................31 B−52 STRATOFORTRESS...............................................................................................................31 B−57..................................................................................................................................................31 B61−11..............................................................................................................................................32 B83....................................................................................................................................................32 BA......................................................................................................................................................32 BA 146...............................................................................................................................................32 BA BULLDOG....................................................................................................................................32 BA HAWK..........................................................................................................................................32 BA HAWKER HUNTER.....................................................................................................................33 BA HS 748.........................................................................................................................................33 BA LIGHTNING.................................................................................................................................33 BA STRIKEMASTER.........................................................................................................................33 BA VC10K..........................................................................................................................................34 BAC 111............................................................................................................................................34 BE2....................................................................................................................................................34 BEAGLE BASSET.............................................................................................................................34 BECKER GUN...................................................................................................................................34 BEECH MODEL 100..........................................................................................................................34 BEECH MODEL 17............................................................................................................................35 BEECH MODEL 18............................................................................................................................35 BEECH MODEL 200..........................................................................................................................35 BEECH MODEL 23............................................................................................................................35 BEECH MODEL 33............................................................................................................................35 BEECH MODEL 400..........................................................................................................................36 BEECH MODEL 45............................................................................................................................36 BEECH MODEL 45T.........................................................................................................................36 BEECH MODEL 50............................................................................................................................36 BEECH MODEL 65............................................................................................................................37 BEECH MODEL 65−90.....................................................................................................................37 BEECH MODEL 95−55.....................................................................................................................37 BEECH MODEL 99............................................................................................................................37 BEECHCRAFT 1900.........................................................................................................................38 BEECHCRAFT EXPEDITOR.............................................................................................................38 BELL..................................................................................................................................................38 BELL 204...........................................................................................................................................38 BELL 205...........................................................................................................................................38 BELL 206...........................................................................................................................................38 BELL 209...........................................................................................................................................38 BELL MODEL 206B...........................................................................................................................39 BELL MODEL 212.............................................................................................................................39 BELL MODEL 214.............................................................................................................................39 iii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction BELL MODEL 214ST.........................................................................................................................39 BELL MODEL 222.............................................................................................................................39 BELL MODEL 406.............................................................................................................................40 BELL MODEL 412.............................................................................................................................40 BELL MODEL 47...............................................................................................................................40 BELL P−39........................................................................................................................................40 BELL P−59........................................................................................................................................40 BELL P−63........................................................................................................................................40 BERIEV A−40....................................................................................................................................41 BERIEV BE−10..................................................................................................................................41 BERIEV BE−12..................................................................................................................................41 BERIEV BE−6....................................................................................................................................41 BK 117...............................................................................................................................................41 BLACK HAWK...................................................................................................................................42 BLACKBIRD......................................................................................................................................42 BLACKBURN BEVERLEY.................................................................................................................42 BLACKBURN PERTH........................................................................................................................42 BLACKJACK......................................................................................................................................42 BLERIOT...........................................................................................................................................42 BLG 66 BELOUGA............................................................................................................................42 BLOCH MB 131.................................................................................................................................42 BLOCH MB 174.................................................................................................................................43 BO 105...............................................................................................................................................43 BO 105L.............................................................................................................................................43 BOEING.............................................................................................................................................43 BOEING 247......................................................................................................................................43 BOEING 307......................................................................................................................................43 BOEING 707......................................................................................................................................44 BOEING 727......................................................................................................................................44 BOEING 737......................................................................................................................................44 BOEING 747......................................................................................................................................44 BOEING 757......................................................................................................................................44 BOEING 767......................................................................................................................................45 BOEING B−17...................................................................................................................................45 BOEING B−29...................................................................................................................................45 BOEING B−314.................................................................................................................................45 BOEING B−47...................................................................................................................................45 BOEING B−50...................................................................................................................................45 BOEING HORNET.............................................................................................................................46 BOEING KC−135...............................................................................................................................46 BOEING MODEL 367 STRATOFREIGHTER....................................................................................46 BOEING P−26...................................................................................................................................46 BOEING VERTOL MODEL 107.........................................................................................................46 BOREL...............................................................................................................................................46 BOSTON MK III.................................................................................................................................47 BRE 693AB 2.....................................................................................................................................47 BREDA BA 64....................................................................................................................................47 BREDA BA 65....................................................................................................................................47 BREDA BA 88....................................................................................................................................48 BREWSTER BUFFALO.....................................................................................................................48 BREWSTER F2A...............................................................................................................................48 BREWSTER SB2A............................................................................................................................48 BREWSTER SBN..............................................................................................................................48 BRISTOL BEAUFORT.......................................................................................................................49 BRISTOL BLENHEIM........................................................................................................................49 BRISTOL BOMBAY...........................................................................................................................49 BRISTOL BRIGAND..........................................................................................................................49 BRISTOL BRITANNIA.......................................................................................................................50 BRISTOL BULLDOG.........................................................................................................................50 BRISTOL FIGHTER...........................................................................................................................50 BRISTOL M1C...................................................................................................................................50 iv
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction BRISTOL SCOUT..............................................................................................................................51 BRISTOL TYPE 170 FREIGHTER....................................................................................................51 BRITTEN−NORMAN DEFENDER....................................................................................................51 BRITTEN−NORMAN ISLANDER......................................................................................................51 BUCCANEER....................................................................................................................................51 BUCKER BU 131...............................................................................................................................52 BUCKER BU 133...............................................................................................................................52 BUCKER BU 180...............................................................................................................................52 BUCKER BU 181...............................................................................................................................52 BV 138...............................................................................................................................................52 C−......................................................................................................................................................53 C−17..................................................................................................................................................53 C−45..................................................................................................................................................53 C−73..................................................................................................................................................53 C−75..................................................................................................................................................53 C−78..................................................................................................................................................53 C−9....................................................................................................................................................53 C−98..................................................................................................................................................53 C4M KUDU........................................................................................................................................53 CA 135...............................................................................................................................................53 CA 309...............................................................................................................................................54 CA 314...............................................................................................................................................54 CA−27 SABRE..................................................................................................................................54 CAC J−711........................................................................................................................................54 CANADAIR CL−13 SABRE...............................................................................................................54 CANADAIR CL−215..........................................................................................................................55 CANADAIR CL−28............................................................................................................................55 CANADAIR CL−41............................................................................................................................55 CANADAIR CL−44............................................................................................................................55 CANADAIR CL−601..........................................................................................................................55 CANADAIR CL−66............................................................................................................................55 CANBERRA.......................................................................................................................................56 CANT Z 1007.....................................................................................................................................56 CANT Z 1012.....................................................................................................................................56 CANT Z 501.......................................................................................................................................56 CANT Z 506.......................................................................................................................................56 CAPRONI CA 100.............................................................................................................................57 CAPRONI CA 133.............................................................................................................................57 CASA 1145−L....................................................................................................................................57 CASA 207 AZOR...............................................................................................................................57 CASA C−1O1 AVIOJET....................................................................................................................57 CASA C−212−M................................................................................................................................57 CB 250−K..........................................................................................................................................58 CB 500−K..........................................................................................................................................58 CB 60−K............................................................................................................................................58 CESSNA............................................................................................................................................58 CESSNA A−37..................................................................................................................................58 CESSNA L−19...................................................................................................................................58 CESSNA MODEL 150.......................................................................................................................58 CESSNA MODEL 152.......................................................................................................................59 CESSNA MODEL 172.......................................................................................................................59 CESSNA MODEL 180.......................................................................................................................59 CESSNA MODEL 182.......................................................................................................................59 CESSNA MODEL 206.......................................................................................................................60 CESSNA MODEL 207.......................................................................................................................60 CESSNA MODEL 208.......................................................................................................................60 CESSNA MODEL 310.......................................................................................................................60 CESSNA MODEL 318.......................................................................................................................60 CESSNA MODEL 337.......................................................................................................................61 CESSNA MODEL 340.......................................................................................................................61 CESSNA MODEL 401.......................................................................................................................61 v
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction CESSNA MODEL 404.......................................................................................................................61 CESSNA MODEL 421.......................................................................................................................62 CESSNA MODEL 500.......................................................................................................................62 CESSNA MODEL 550.......................................................................................................................62 CESSNA MODEL T−50.....................................................................................................................62 CHANCE VOUGHT XF5U−1.............................................................................................................63 CHANGHE Z−8.................................................................................................................................63 CHENGDU F−7.................................................................................................................................63 CHENGDU J−7..................................................................................................................................63 CHENGDU JJ−5................................................................................................................................63 CHINOOK..........................................................................................................................................64 CHRYSLER C−27.............................................................................................................................64 CLOBBER..........................................................................................................................................64 COLT−BROWNING M2.....................................................................................................................64 COMBAT SHADOW..........................................................................................................................64 COMMONWEALTH CA−25...............................................................................................................64 CONCORDE......................................................................................................................................65 CONVAIR B−36.................................................................................................................................65 CONVAIR B−58.................................................................................................................................65 CONVAIR CV−440............................................................................................................................65 CONVAIR MODEL 8−10...................................................................................................................65 CONVAIR MODEL 8−24...................................................................................................................65 CORNU..............................................................................................................................................65 CRV7.................................................................................................................................................66 CT−43A.............................................................................................................................................66 CUB...................................................................................................................................................66 D−......................................................................................................................................................66 DAKOTA............................................................................................................................................66 DAKOTA II.........................................................................................................................................66 DASSAULT ATLANTIC.....................................................................................................................66 DASSAULT ETENDARD IVM............................................................................................................66 DASSAULT FLAMANT......................................................................................................................66 DASSAULT GARDIAN......................................................................................................................67 DASSAULT−BREGUET ALIZE.........................................................................................................67 DASSAULT−BREGUET SUPER ETENDARD..................................................................................67 DAUPHIN 2........................................................................................................................................67 DC−1.................................................................................................................................................68 DC−10...............................................................................................................................................68 DC−2.................................................................................................................................................68 DC−3.................................................................................................................................................68 DC−4.................................................................................................................................................68 DC−6.................................................................................................................................................69 DC−8.................................................................................................................................................69 DC−9.................................................................................................................................................69 DE HAVILAND DRAGON..................................................................................................................69 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−1....................................................................................................69 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−2....................................................................................................70 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−3....................................................................................................70 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−4....................................................................................................70 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−5....................................................................................................70 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−6....................................................................................................71 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−7....................................................................................................71 DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−8....................................................................................................71 DE HAVILLAND DH 104....................................................................................................................71 DE HAVILLAND DH 106....................................................................................................................72 DE HAVILLAND DH 114....................................................................................................................72 DE HAVILLAND DH 95......................................................................................................................72 DE HAVILLAND HORNET.................................................................................................................72 DE HAVILLAND VENOM...................................................................................................................73 DEFA 552..........................................................................................................................................73 DEFA 554..........................................................................................................................................73 vi
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction DEFIANT...........................................................................................................................................73 DEVON C..........................................................................................................................................73 DFS 230.............................................................................................................................................73 DH 125...............................................................................................................................................74 DH2....................................................................................................................................................74 DH4....................................................................................................................................................74 DH5....................................................................................................................................................74 DH9A.................................................................................................................................................74 DI−6...................................................................................................................................................75 DO−228.............................................................................................................................................75 DORNIER..........................................................................................................................................75 DORNIER DO 11...............................................................................................................................75 DORNIER DO 15 WAL......................................................................................................................75 DORNIER DO 17...............................................................................................................................76 DORNIER DO 18...............................................................................................................................76 DORNIER DO 215.............................................................................................................................76 DORNIER DO 217.............................................................................................................................76 DORNIER DO 24...............................................................................................................................76 DORNIER DO 27...............................................................................................................................77 DORNIER DO 28...............................................................................................................................77 DORNIER DO 28D............................................................................................................................77 DORNIER DO 335.............................................................................................................................77 DORNIER DOX.................................................................................................................................78 DOUGLAS A−20................................................................................................................................78 DOUGLAS A−24................................................................................................................................78 DOUGLAS A−26................................................................................................................................78 DOUGLAS AD−5...............................................................................................................................78 DOUGLAS AD−6...............................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS B−66................................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS C−124.............................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS C−133.............................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS D−558.............................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS DB−7...............................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS F3D.................................................................................................................................79 DOUGLAS F4D−1.............................................................................................................................80 DOUGLAS SKYTROOPER...............................................................................................................80 DR......................................................................................................................................................80 E−......................................................................................................................................................80 E−2 HAWKEYE.................................................................................................................................80 E−3 SENTRY.....................................................................................................................................80 E−4....................................................................................................................................................81 EC−130 HERCULES.........................................................................................................................81 EC−130Q...........................................................................................................................................81 EC−135..............................................................................................................................................82 ECUREUIL.........................................................................................................................................82 ECUREUIL 2......................................................................................................................................82 EF−111A............................................................................................................................................82 EMBRAER EMB−110........................................................................................................................82 EMBRAER EMB−111........................................................................................................................83 EMBRAER EMB−120........................................................................................................................83 EMBRAER EMB−121........................................................................................................................83 EMBRAER EMB−312........................................................................................................................84 ENGLISH ELECTRIC P 1..................................................................................................................84 ENSTROM MODEL 480....................................................................................................................84 ENSTROM MODEL F28....................................................................................................................84 EPSILON...........................................................................................................................................85 EUROFIGHTER.................................................................................................................................85 EXOCET AM39..................................................................................................................................85 F−100 SUPER SABRE......................................................................................................................85 F−102A DELTA DART.......................................................................................................................85 F−105................................................................................................................................................85 vii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction F−106 DELTA DART.........................................................................................................................86 F−111................................................................................................................................................86 F−117A..............................................................................................................................................86 F−15..................................................................................................................................................86 F−16..................................................................................................................................................87 F−18..................................................................................................................................................87 F−20..................................................................................................................................................87 F−22..................................................................................................................................................87 F−4....................................................................................................................................................88 F−6....................................................................................................................................................88 F−84..................................................................................................................................................88 F−86 SABRE.....................................................................................................................................88 F−94 STARFIRE................................................................................................................................88 F/A−18E.............................................................................................................................................88 F5.......................................................................................................................................................89 F5B....................................................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD........................................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD 340.................................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD C−119............................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD C−123............................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD C−82..............................................................................................................................89 FAIRCHILD PT−19............................................................................................................................90 FAIRCHILD SA227............................................................................................................................90 FAIREY ALBACORE.........................................................................................................................90 FAIREY GANNET..............................................................................................................................90 FALCON 10.......................................................................................................................................90 FALCON 20.......................................................................................................................................90 FALCON 50.......................................................................................................................................91 FAUCETT F−19.................................................................................................................................91 FEDERAL ANSON V.........................................................................................................................91 FEDERAL ANSON VI........................................................................................................................91 FENCER............................................................................................................................................91 FFA AS 202.......................................................................................................................................91 FIAT BR.20 CICOGNA......................................................................................................................91 FIAT CR.32........................................................................................................................................92 FIAT CR.42........................................................................................................................................92 FIAT G.46..........................................................................................................................................92 FIAT G.50..........................................................................................................................................92 FIAT G.55..........................................................................................................................................92 FIAT G.59..........................................................................................................................................93 FIAT G.82..........................................................................................................................................93 FIAT G.91..........................................................................................................................................93 FIAT RS.14........................................................................................................................................93 FIESELER FI 156..............................................................................................................................93 FIREBRAND......................................................................................................................................94 FIREFLY............................................................................................................................................94 FLAMINGO........................................................................................................................................94 FLEET SHADOWER.........................................................................................................................94 FLIR...................................................................................................................................................94 FLYING FORTRESS.........................................................................................................................94 FLYING PANCAKE............................................................................................................................94 FMA IA−35.........................................................................................................................................94 FMA IA−50.........................................................................................................................................95 FMA IA−58A......................................................................................................................................95 FMA IA−63.........................................................................................................................................95 FN 310...............................................................................................................................................95 FOKKER 50.......................................................................................................................................96 FOKKER D.VII...................................................................................................................................96 FOKKER F 27....................................................................................................................................96 FOKKER F 28....................................................................................................................................96 FOKKER S.11....................................................................................................................................96 viii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction FOKKER S.14....................................................................................................................................97 FOLLAND FO−141............................................................................................................................97 FORD M39.........................................................................................................................................97 FOUGA ZEPHYR..............................................................................................................................97 FUJI KM−2.........................................................................................................................................97 FUJI KM−2KAI...................................................................................................................................97 FUJI T−1............................................................................................................................................98 FW 189..............................................................................................................................................98 FW 190..............................................................................................................................................98 FW 190G...........................................................................................................................................98 FW 200..............................................................................................................................................98 FW 44................................................................................................................................................99 FW 56................................................................................................................................................99 G.A.L. HAMILCAR.............................................................................................................................99 GATS/GAM........................................................................................................................................99 GAU−12.............................................................................................................................................99 GAU−13.............................................................................................................................................99 GAU−2...............................................................................................................................................99 GAU−8.............................................................................................................................................100 GEKKO............................................................................................................................................100 GIAT M30........................................................................................................................................100 GIAT M621......................................................................................................................................100 GINKA..............................................................................................................................................101 GLOBEMASTER III.........................................................................................................................101 GLOSTER GLADIATOR..................................................................................................................101 GLOSTER JAVELIN........................................................................................................................101 GLOSTER METEOR.......................................................................................................................101 GLOSTER METEOR NF.................................................................................................................101 GLOSTER WHITTLE E28/39..........................................................................................................101 GORDON MK I................................................................................................................................102 GOTHA G VB..................................................................................................................................102 GOTHA GO 145..............................................................................................................................102 GOTHA GO 242..............................................................................................................................102 GPU−5.............................................................................................................................................103 GRAF−ZEPPELIN...........................................................................................................................103 GRIPEN...........................................................................................................................................103 GRUMMAN A−6E............................................................................................................................103 GRUMMAN AF−2............................................................................................................................104 GRUMMAN F−14............................................................................................................................104 GRUMMAN F7F..............................................................................................................................104 GRUMMAN F8F BEARCAT............................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN F9F−2..........................................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN F9F−8..........................................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN G−121..........................................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN G−123I.........................................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN G−128..........................................................................................................................105 GRUMMAN G−96............................................................................................................................106 GRUMMAN S−2..............................................................................................................................106 GRUMMAN SA−16..........................................................................................................................106 GRUMMAN WF−1...........................................................................................................................107 GRUMMANN G−123.......................................................................................................................107 GSH−23...........................................................................................................................................107 GSH−301.........................................................................................................................................107 GULFSTREAM I..............................................................................................................................107 GULFSTREAM II.............................................................................................................................108 GULFSTREAM III............................................................................................................................108 GULFSTREAM IV............................................................................................................................108 HADRIAN.........................................................................................................................................109 HAL AJEET......................................................................................................................................109 HAL HF−24......................................................................................................................................109 HAL HJT−16....................................................................................................................................109 ix
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction HAL HPT−32...................................................................................................................................110 HAL HT−2........................................................................................................................................110 HALES BOMB.................................................................................................................................110 HALIFAX..........................................................................................................................................110 HAMPDEN.......................................................................................................................................111 HANDLEY PAGE HASTINGS.........................................................................................................111 HANDLEY PAGE HP42...................................................................................................................111 HANDLEY PAGE O/100..................................................................................................................112 HANDLEY PAGE O/400..................................................................................................................112 HARBIN Z−5....................................................................................................................................112 HARBIN Z−9....................................................................................................................................112 HARRIER.........................................................................................................................................113 HARRIER FA2.................................................................................................................................113 HAWK..............................................................................................................................................113 HAWK MK 100.................................................................................................................................113 HAWK MK 200.................................................................................................................................114 HAWKER FURY..............................................................................................................................114 HAWKER HART..............................................................................................................................114 HAWKER HARTBEES.....................................................................................................................115 HAWKER HECTOR.........................................................................................................................115 HAWKER SEA FURY......................................................................................................................115 HAWKER SEA HAWK.....................................................................................................................116 HAWKER SIDDELEY GNAT...........................................................................................................116 HAWKER SIDDELEY SEA VIXEN..................................................................................................116 HAWKER TEMPEST.......................................................................................................................116 HAWKEYE.......................................................................................................................................117 HEINKEL HE 111............................................................................................................................117 HEINKEL HE 115............................................................................................................................117 HEINKEL HE 162............................................................................................................................117 HEINKEL HE 177............................................................................................................................118 HEINKEL HE 178............................................................................................................................118 HEINKEL HE 219............................................................................................................................118 HEINKEL HE 45..............................................................................................................................119 HEINKEL HE 46..............................................................................................................................119 HEINKEL HE 50..............................................................................................................................119 HEINKEL HE 51..............................................................................................................................119 HEINKEL HE 59..............................................................................................................................120 HEINKEL HE 60..............................................................................................................................120 HEINKEL HE 72..............................................................................................................................120 HELIO H−295..................................................................................................................................120 HELIOPOLIS GOMHOURIA............................................................................................................120 HENSCHEL HS 123........................................................................................................................121 HENSCHEL HS 124........................................................................................................................121 HENSCHEL HS 126........................................................................................................................121 HENSCHEL HS 129........................................................................................................................121 HFB 320 HANSA.............................................................................................................................121 HH−3E.............................................................................................................................................122 HILLER UH−12................................................................................................................................122 HISPANO HA−200..........................................................................................................................122 HOLSTE MH.1521M BROUSSARD................................................................................................122 HORSA............................................................................................................................................122 HOVERFLY I...................................................................................................................................122 HOVERFLY II..................................................................................................................................123 HUDSON.........................................................................................................................................123 HUEYCOBRA..................................................................................................................................123 HUGHES.........................................................................................................................................123 HUGHES 500E................................................................................................................................123 HUGHES 500M...............................................................................................................................123 HUGHES 500MD.............................................................................................................................123 HUNTING PERCIVAL JET PROVOST............................................................................................123 HUNTING PERCIVAL PROVOST...................................................................................................124 x
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction HURRICANE...................................................................................................................................124 IAI 1124...........................................................................................................................................124 IAI 201 ARAVA................................................................................................................................124 IAR−317...........................................................................................................................................125 IAR−80.............................................................................................................................................125 IAR−823...........................................................................................................................................125 IAR−825 TP.....................................................................................................................................126 IAR−93.............................................................................................................................................126 IAR−99.............................................................................................................................................126 IL−14................................................................................................................................................126 IL−18................................................................................................................................................126 IL−2..................................................................................................................................................126 IL−28................................................................................................................................................127 IL−38................................................................................................................................................127 IL−62................................................................................................................................................127 IL−76................................................................................................................................................127 IL−86................................................................................................................................................128 ILYUSHIN A−50...............................................................................................................................128 IMPERIAL AIRWAYS......................................................................................................................128 JA 37................................................................................................................................................128 JAS 39.............................................................................................................................................128 JAYHAWK.......................................................................................................................................129 JET PROVOST................................................................................................................................129 JETSTAR.........................................................................................................................................129 JETSTREAM 31..............................................................................................................................129 JETSTREAM 31EZ..........................................................................................................................129 JETSTREAM T.MK1........................................................................................................................129 JOLLY GREEN GIANT....................................................................................................................129 JRC−1..............................................................................................................................................129 JUMBO JET.....................................................................................................................................129 JUNKERS F−13...............................................................................................................................130 JUNKERS J4−10.............................................................................................................................130 JUNKERS JU 188............................................................................................................................130 JUNKERS JU 252............................................................................................................................130 JUNKERS JU 290............................................................................................................................130 JUNKERS JU 352............................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 388............................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 388J..........................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 388L..........................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 52..............................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 86..............................................................................................................................131 JUNKERS JU 87..............................................................................................................................132 JUNKERS JU 87B−1.......................................................................................................................132 JUNKERS JU 88C...........................................................................................................................132 JUNKERS JU 88G...........................................................................................................................132 JUNKERS W34................................................................................................................................132 KA−25..............................................................................................................................................132 KA−26..............................................................................................................................................133 KA−27..............................................................................................................................................133 KA−32..............................................................................................................................................133 KA−50..............................................................................................................................................133 KAB−500KR....................................................................................................................................134 KAB−500L.......................................................................................................................................134 KAMAN H−43..................................................................................................................................134 KAMIKAZE.......................................................................................................................................134 KAWANISHI E7K.............................................................................................................................134 KAWANISHI H6K.............................................................................................................................134 KAWANISHI H8K.............................................................................................................................134 KAWANISHI N1K.............................................................................................................................135 KAWANISHI N1K−J.........................................................................................................................135 KAWASAKI C−1..............................................................................................................................135 xi
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction KAWASAKI KI−10...........................................................................................................................135 KAWASAKI KI−100.........................................................................................................................135 KAWASAKI KI−102.........................................................................................................................136 KAWASAKI KI−32...........................................................................................................................136 KAWASAKI KI−45...........................................................................................................................136 KAWASAKI KI−48...........................................................................................................................136 KAWASAKI KI−56...........................................................................................................................137 KAWASAKI KI−61...........................................................................................................................137 KAWASAKI KV 107.........................................................................................................................137 KAWASAKI OH−1...........................................................................................................................137 KAWASAKI P−2..............................................................................................................................137 KAWASAKI T−4...............................................................................................................................137 KAYABA KA−1................................................................................................................................138 KC−10..............................................................................................................................................138 KFIR C2...........................................................................................................................................138 KIOWA.............................................................................................................................................138 KITTYHAWK I..................................................................................................................................138 KLEMM KL 35..................................................................................................................................139 KYUSHU K11W...............................................................................................................................139 KYUSHU Q1W.................................................................................................................................139 L−100−30.........................................................................................................................................139 L−188C............................................................................................................................................139 L−2...................................................................................................................................................140 L−410 TURBOLET..........................................................................................................................140 L−8 KARAKORUM..........................................................................................................................140 LA−15..............................................................................................................................................140 LAGG−3...........................................................................................................................................140 LANCASTER...................................................................................................................................141 LEAR FAN 2100..............................................................................................................................141 LEARJET 24....................................................................................................................................141 LEARJET 25....................................................................................................................................141 LEARJET 31A..................................................................................................................................141 LEARJET 35....................................................................................................................................141 LEARJET 36....................................................................................................................................142 LEARJET 45....................................................................................................................................142 LEARJET 55....................................................................................................................................142 LEBAUDY........................................................................................................................................142 LET L−200.......................................................................................................................................142 LETOV S 328...................................................................................................................................142 LEWIS GUN.....................................................................................................................................142 LIBERATOR....................................................................................................................................143 LIM−5P............................................................................................................................................143 LIM−7...............................................................................................................................................143 LINCOLN.........................................................................................................................................143 LITTLE BIRD...................................................................................................................................143 LOCKHEED.....................................................................................................................................143 LOCKHEED C−140.........................................................................................................................143 LOCKHEED C−141.........................................................................................................................144 LOCKHEED C−5.............................................................................................................................144 LOCKHEED F−104..........................................................................................................................144 LOCKHEED F−80............................................................................................................................144 LOCKHEED L−100 COMMERCIAL HERCULES............................................................................144 LOCKHEED L−1011 TRISTAR.......................................................................................................145 LOCKHEED MODEL 26..................................................................................................................145 LOCKHEED MODEL 49..................................................................................................................145 LOCKHEED MODEL 80..................................................................................................................145 LOCKHEED MODEL 82..................................................................................................................146 LOCKHEED P−3.............................................................................................................................146 LOCKHEED P−80...........................................................................................................................146 LOCKHEED S−3.............................................................................................................................146 LYSANDER.....................................................................................................................................147 xii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction M−21................................................................................................................................................147 M197................................................................................................................................................147 M230................................................................................................................................................147 M61A1.............................................................................................................................................147 MACCHI MC.200.............................................................................................................................147 MACCHI MC.202.............................................................................................................................148 MACCHI MC.205V...........................................................................................................................148 MACH..............................................................................................................................................148 MAGISTER......................................................................................................................................148 MAINSTAY......................................................................................................................................148 MALIBU...........................................................................................................................................148 MARTIN 4−0−4................................................................................................................................149 MARTIN P5M...................................................................................................................................149 MARTIN P6M...................................................................................................................................149 MASTER I........................................................................................................................................149 MASTER II.......................................................................................................................................149 MAUSER BK 27...............................................................................................................................150 MAYA...............................................................................................................................................150 MBB 614..........................................................................................................................................150 MC−130P.........................................................................................................................................150 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS A−3........................................................................................................150 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS F−4........................................................................................................150 MCDONNELL F−101.......................................................................................................................150 MCDONNELL F2H..........................................................................................................................151 MCDONNELL F3H..........................................................................................................................151 MCDONNELL FH−1........................................................................................................................151 MERIDIONALI RO.37BIS................................................................................................................151 MERIDIONALI RO.43......................................................................................................................152 MERIDIONALI RO.44......................................................................................................................152 MERLIN...........................................................................................................................................152 MESSERSCHMITT BF 108.............................................................................................................152 MESSERSCHMITT BF 110C..........................................................................................................152 MESSERSCHMITT ME 109E..........................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 109F..........................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 109G.........................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 163............................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 210............................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 262............................................................................................................153 MESSERSCHMITT ME 321............................................................................................................154 MESSERSCHMITT ME 323............................................................................................................154 MESSERSCHMITT ME 410............................................................................................................154 MG 151/20.......................................................................................................................................154 MH−53E...........................................................................................................................................154 MH−60G..........................................................................................................................................155 MI−10...............................................................................................................................................155 MI−12...............................................................................................................................................155 MI−14...............................................................................................................................................155 MI−17...............................................................................................................................................155 MI−24...............................................................................................................................................156 MI−26...............................................................................................................................................156 MI−28...............................................................................................................................................156 MI−34...............................................................................................................................................157 MI−38...............................................................................................................................................157 MI−4.................................................................................................................................................157 MI−6.................................................................................................................................................157 MI−8.................................................................................................................................................157 MIG..................................................................................................................................................158 MIG−15............................................................................................................................................158 MIG−17............................................................................................................................................158 MIG−19............................................................................................................................................158 MIG−21............................................................................................................................................159 xiii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction MIG−21 2000...................................................................................................................................159 MIG−23............................................................................................................................................159 MIG−25............................................................................................................................................159 MIG−27............................................................................................................................................160 MIG−29............................................................................................................................................160 MIG−3..............................................................................................................................................160 MIG−31............................................................................................................................................160 MIG−9..............................................................................................................................................161 MIRAGE 2000..................................................................................................................................161 MIRAGE 5........................................................................................................................................161 MIRAGE 50......................................................................................................................................162 MIRAGE F1.....................................................................................................................................162 MIRAGE III.......................................................................................................................................162 MIRAGE IV......................................................................................................................................162 MITSUBISHI A5M............................................................................................................................163 MITSUBISHI A6M............................................................................................................................163 MITSUBISHI F−L.............................................................................................................................163 MITSUBISHI F1M............................................................................................................................163 MITSUBISHI G3M...........................................................................................................................163 MITSUBISHI G4M...........................................................................................................................164 MITSUBISHI J2M............................................................................................................................164 MITSUBISHI KI−15..........................................................................................................................164 MITSUBISHI KI−21..........................................................................................................................164 MITSUBISHI KI−30..........................................................................................................................165 MITSUBISHI KI−46..........................................................................................................................165 MITSUBISHI KI−51..........................................................................................................................165 MITSUBISHI KI−57..........................................................................................................................165 MITSUBISHI KI−67..........................................................................................................................165 MITSUBISHI MU−2.........................................................................................................................166 MITSUBISHI T−2.............................................................................................................................166 MOJAVE..........................................................................................................................................166 MONTGOLFIER..............................................................................................................................166 MOSQUITO.....................................................................................................................................167 MOTH..............................................................................................................................................167 MS 760 PARIS.................................................................................................................................167 MU−300...........................................................................................................................................167 MUDRY CAP 10..............................................................................................................................167 MUDRY CAP 20..............................................................................................................................167 MUSTANG.......................................................................................................................................168 MYASISCHEV MYA−4....................................................................................................................168 MYASISHCHYEV M−55 GEOFIZIKA..............................................................................................168 MYSTERE II....................................................................................................................................168 MYSTERE IV...................................................................................................................................168 NA−180............................................................................................................................................168 NAKAJIMA A6M2−N........................................................................................................................168 NAKAJIMA B5N...............................................................................................................................169 NAKAJIMA B6N...............................................................................................................................169 NAKAJIMA C6N...............................................................................................................................169 NAKAJIMA J1N...............................................................................................................................169 NAKAJIMA KI−115..........................................................................................................................169 NAKAJIMA KI−27............................................................................................................................170 NAKAJIMA KI−43............................................................................................................................170 NAKAJIMA KI−44............................................................................................................................170 NAKAJIMA KI−49............................................................................................................................170 NAKAJIMA KI−84............................................................................................................................171 NANCHANG Q−5............................................................................................................................171 NDN−1.............................................................................................................................................171 NDN−6.............................................................................................................................................171 NEIVA 420.......................................................................................................................................171 NEIVA 621.......................................................................................................................................171 NH90 NFH.......................................................................................................................................172 xiv
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction NIGHTHAWK...................................................................................................................................172 NIGHTINGALE................................................................................................................................172 NIMROD..........................................................................................................................................172 NOORDUYN NORSEMAN..............................................................................................................172 NORD N.2501..................................................................................................................................173 NORINCO 100 KG TYPE 2 BOMB..................................................................................................173 NORINCO 250 KG TYPE 2 BOMB..................................................................................................173 NORINCO 55 MM UNGUIDED ROCKET TYPE 1..........................................................................173 NORINCO 90 MM UNGUIDED ROCKET TYPE 1..........................................................................173 NORTH AMERICAN AT−6..............................................................................................................173 NORTH AMERICAN CT−39............................................................................................................173 NORTH AMERICAN F−82 TWIN MUSTANG..................................................................................174 NORTH AMERICAN FJ FURY........................................................................................................174 NORTH AMERICAN NA−159..........................................................................................................174 NORTH AMERICAN NA−249..........................................................................................................174 NORTH AMERICAN P−51..............................................................................................................175 NORTHROP....................................................................................................................................175 NORTHROP A−17...........................................................................................................................175 NORTHROP F−5.............................................................................................................................175 NORTHROP F−89...........................................................................................................................175 NORTHROP T−38...........................................................................................................................176 NORTH AMERICAN NA−140..........................................................................................................176 NYMPH............................................................................................................................................176 OC−135...........................................................................................................................................176 OERLIKON KAD..............................................................................................................................176 OERLIKON KCA..............................................................................................................................176 OH−58.............................................................................................................................................177 OH−58D...........................................................................................................................................177 OH−6...............................................................................................................................................177 OKHA...............................................................................................................................................177 ORAO..............................................................................................................................................177 OURAGAN.......................................................................................................................................177 OV−10A...........................................................................................................................................178 OV−1D.............................................................................................................................................178 OWLET............................................................................................................................................178 OXFORD.........................................................................................................................................178 OY−1...............................................................................................................................................179 P−1 MUSHSHAK.............................................................................................................................179 P−40................................................................................................................................................179 P−40B..............................................................................................................................................179 P−40D..............................................................................................................................................179 P−40E..............................................................................................................................................179 P−43................................................................................................................................................179 P−95 BANDEIRULHA......................................................................................................................180 PA−48..............................................................................................................................................180 PAH−1.............................................................................................................................................180 PANAVIA TORNADO......................................................................................................................180 PARABELLUM MG17......................................................................................................................180 PAVE HAWK...................................................................................................................................180 PAZMANY PL−1..............................................................................................................................180 PEMBROKE C MK 1.......................................................................................................................181 PHOENIX.........................................................................................................................................181 PIAGGIO P.108...............................................................................................................................181 PIAGGIO P.136...............................................................................................................................181 PIAGGIO P.148...............................................................................................................................181 PIAGGIO P.149...............................................................................................................................182 PIAGGIO P.166...............................................................................................................................182 PIAGGIO PD−808...........................................................................................................................182 PIASECKI H−21..............................................................................................................................182 PIK−23.............................................................................................................................................183 PILATUS P−3..................................................................................................................................183 xv
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction PILATUS PC−6................................................................................................................................183 PILATUS PC−6 TURBO−PORTER.................................................................................................183 PILATUS PC−7................................................................................................................................183 PILATUS PC−9................................................................................................................................184 PIPER..............................................................................................................................................184 PIPER AEROSTAR.........................................................................................................................184 PIPER PA−18..................................................................................................................................184 PIPER PA−23..................................................................................................................................184 PIPER PA−24..................................................................................................................................184 PIPER PA−28..................................................................................................................................185 PIPER PA−31..................................................................................................................................185 PIPER PA−34..................................................................................................................................185 PIPER PA−42..................................................................................................................................185 PITTS S−2 SPECIAL.......................................................................................................................185 POLIKARPOV R−Z..........................................................................................................................186 POTEZ 25........................................................................................................................................186 POTEZ 63........................................................................................................................................186 PRATT AND WHITNEY...................................................................................................................187 PRINCIPLES OF MANNED FLIGHT...............................................................................................187 PROMAVIA JET SQUALUS F1300 NGT........................................................................................187 PZL I−22 IRYDA..............................................................................................................................188 PZL MIELEC AN−2..........................................................................................................................188 PZL MIELEC AN−28........................................................................................................................188 PZL MIELEC M−26..........................................................................................................................188 PZL MIELEC TS−11........................................................................................................................189 PZL SWIDNIK KANIA......................................................................................................................189 PZL SWIDNIK MI−1.........................................................................................................................189 PZL SWIDNIK MI−2.........................................................................................................................189 PZL SWIDNIK W−3.........................................................................................................................189 PZL−104..........................................................................................................................................190 PZL−130..........................................................................................................................................190 R−27................................................................................................................................................190 R−27R1...........................................................................................................................................190 R−27T1............................................................................................................................................190 R−40................................................................................................................................................190 R−60................................................................................................................................................191 R−73................................................................................................................................................191 R3140..............................................................................................................................................191 RAFALE...........................................................................................................................................191 RAH−66...........................................................................................................................................191 RALLYE 235....................................................................................................................................192 RAVEN............................................................................................................................................192 RB−45 TORNADO...........................................................................................................................192 RC−135...........................................................................................................................................192 RE 8.................................................................................................................................................193 REGGIANE RE.2005.......................................................................................................................193 REIMS.............................................................................................................................................193 REIMS F 406...................................................................................................................................193 RELIANT..........................................................................................................................................193 REPULOGPEGYAR LEVENTE II....................................................................................................193 RF−5................................................................................................................................................194 RF−84F THUNDERFLASH.............................................................................................................194 RFB FANTRAINER..........................................................................................................................194 RH−1100.........................................................................................................................................194 RHEINMETALL MK 20....................................................................................................................194 ROBIN HR 100................................................................................................................................194 ROBINSON MODEL R22................................................................................................................195 ROCKWELL SHRIKE COMMANDER.............................................................................................195 ROCKWELL TURBO COMMANDER..............................................................................................195 ROCKWELL U−4.............................................................................................................................195 ROOIVALK......................................................................................................................................195 xvi
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction RPV.................................................................................................................................................196 RR−77.............................................................................................................................................196 RUFE...............................................................................................................................................196 RYAN FR−1.....................................................................................................................................196 S−104..............................................................................................................................................196 S−105..............................................................................................................................................196 S−5..................................................................................................................................................196 SA 365.............................................................................................................................................196 SA 365F...........................................................................................................................................197 SA 365M..........................................................................................................................................197 SAAB...............................................................................................................................................197 SAAB 105........................................................................................................................................197 SAAB 21..........................................................................................................................................197 SAAB 29..........................................................................................................................................197 SAAB 32 LANSEN...........................................................................................................................197 SAAB 91..........................................................................................................................................198 SAAB J 35.......................................................................................................................................198 SAAB JA 37.....................................................................................................................................199 SAAB MFI−15..................................................................................................................................199 SAAB MFI−17..................................................................................................................................199 SAIUN..............................................................................................................................................199 SAN JODEL D140...........................................................................................................................199 SAUNDERS ROE SRA/1.................................................................................................................200 SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 79.........................................................................................................200 SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 81.........................................................................................................200 SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 82.........................................................................................................200 SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 85.........................................................................................................200 SBD−1.............................................................................................................................................201 SCHWEIZER MODEL 300..............................................................................................................201 SCHWEIZER MODEL 330..............................................................................................................201 SCHWEIZER TG−2.........................................................................................................................201 SD−2 FRAGMENTATION BOMB....................................................................................................201 SE5..................................................................................................................................................201 SEA EAGLE.....................................................................................................................................202 SEA HARRIER................................................................................................................................202 SEA KING........................................................................................................................................202 SEACOBRA.....................................................................................................................................202 SEASPRITE.....................................................................................................................................202 SENTINEL I.....................................................................................................................................202 SENTINEL II....................................................................................................................................203 SENTRY..........................................................................................................................................203 SEPECAT JAGUAR........................................................................................................................203 SH−5................................................................................................................................................203 SH−6−30..........................................................................................................................................203 SHAANXI Y−8.................................................................................................................................203 SHACKLETON................................................................................................................................204 SHENYANG J−2..............................................................................................................................204 SHENYANG J−5..............................................................................................................................204 SHENYANG J−6..............................................................................................................................204 SHENYANG J−8..............................................................................................................................204 SHERIFF.........................................................................................................................................205 SHIN MEIWA PS−1.........................................................................................................................205 SHIN MEIWA SS−2.........................................................................................................................205 SHORT S17.....................................................................................................................................205 SHORT SCYLLA.............................................................................................................................205 SHORTS 312...................................................................................................................................206 SHORTS 330...................................................................................................................................206 SHORTS 360...................................................................................................................................206 SHORTS BELFAST.........................................................................................................................206 SHORTS SKYVAN..........................................................................................................................206 SIAI−MARCHETTI S208.................................................................................................................207 xvii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction SIAI−MARCHETTI S211.................................................................................................................207 SIAI−MARCHETTI SF260...............................................................................................................207 SIAI−MARCHETTI SF600...............................................................................................................207 SIAI−MARCHETTI SM1019............................................................................................................207 SIAT 223..........................................................................................................................................208 SIEBEL SI 204.................................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY......................................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY BOLSHOI.....................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY R−4...............................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY R−4B............................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY R−6A............................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY S−55.............................................................................................................................208 SIKORSKY S−56.............................................................................................................................209 SIKORSKY S−58.............................................................................................................................209 SIKORSKY S−64.............................................................................................................................209 SIKORSKY S−65.............................................................................................................................209 SIKORSKY S−70.............................................................................................................................209 SIKORSKY S−76.............................................................................................................................210 SIKORSKY S−80.............................................................................................................................210 SK 35C............................................................................................................................................210 SK 60A.............................................................................................................................................210 SK 60B.............................................................................................................................................210 SK 60C............................................................................................................................................210 SOCATA..........................................................................................................................................210 SOKO G−2......................................................................................................................................211 SOKO G−4......................................................................................................................................211 SOKO J−1.......................................................................................................................................211 SOKO J−20.....................................................................................................................................211 SOPWITH CAMEL...........................................................................................................................212 SOPWITH PUP................................................................................................................................212 SOPWITH TRIPLANE.....................................................................................................................212 SPACESHIP ONE...........................................................................................................................212 SPAD VII..........................................................................................................................................212 SPECTRE........................................................................................................................................212 SPIRIT.............................................................................................................................................212 SPITFIRE.........................................................................................................................................212 SR−71..............................................................................................................................................213 STACKING......................................................................................................................................213 STARLIFTER...................................................................................................................................213 STEARMAN PT−13.........................................................................................................................213 STINSON AT−19.............................................................................................................................213 STINSON L−5..................................................................................................................................213 STINSON L−5B...............................................................................................................................214 STIRLING........................................................................................................................................214 STORCH..........................................................................................................................................214 STUKA.............................................................................................................................................214 SU−11..............................................................................................................................................214 SU−15..............................................................................................................................................215 SU−17..............................................................................................................................................215 SU−19..............................................................................................................................................215 SU−2................................................................................................................................................215 SU−20..............................................................................................................................................215 SU−21..............................................................................................................................................216 SU−24..............................................................................................................................................216 SU−25..............................................................................................................................................216 SU−27..............................................................................................................................................216 SU−34..............................................................................................................................................217 SU−37..............................................................................................................................................217 SU−7................................................................................................................................................217 SU−9................................................................................................................................................217 SUKHOI...........................................................................................................................................218 xviii
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction SUMMIT SENTRY 02−337..............................................................................................................218 SUPER FRELON.............................................................................................................................218 SUPER HORNET............................................................................................................................218 SUPER LYNX..................................................................................................................................218 SUPER MYSTERE..........................................................................................................................218 SUPERMARINE ATTACKER..........................................................................................................218 SUPERMARINE SCIMITAR............................................................................................................219 SUPERMARINE SWIFT..................................................................................................................219 SWALLOW 2...................................................................................................................................219 T−1040............................................................................................................................................219 T−35 PILLAN...................................................................................................................................219 T−37................................................................................................................................................219 T−3A................................................................................................................................................219 T−41................................................................................................................................................220 T−45................................................................................................................................................220 T−67................................................................................................................................................220 TA 152.............................................................................................................................................220 TACHIKAWA KI−36.........................................................................................................................221 TACHIKAWA KI−54.........................................................................................................................221 TAYLORCRAFT AUSTER III...........................................................................................................221 TAYLORCRAFT GRASSHOPPER..................................................................................................221 TAYLORCRAFT MODEL B TRAINER............................................................................................221 TAYLORCRAFT MODEL D TANDEM TRAINER............................................................................221 TB 30...............................................................................................................................................222 TB 31...............................................................................................................................................222 TB−20..............................................................................................................................................222 TBA 68.............................................................................................................................................222 THALIA............................................................................................................................................223 THUNDERBOLT II...........................................................................................................................223 TIGER..............................................................................................................................................223 TIGER MOTH..................................................................................................................................223 TOMAHAWK I..................................................................................................................................223 TOMAHAWK II.................................................................................................................................223 TOMCAT..........................................................................................................................................223 TORNADO.......................................................................................................................................223 TR−1................................................................................................................................................224 TRANSALL C.160NG......................................................................................................................224 TU−124............................................................................................................................................224 TU−126............................................................................................................................................224 TU−134............................................................................................................................................224 TU−14..............................................................................................................................................224 TU−142............................................................................................................................................225 TU−144............................................................................................................................................225 TU−154............................................................................................................................................225 TU−16..............................................................................................................................................225 TU−160............................................................................................................................................226 TU−20..............................................................................................................................................226 TU−22..............................................................................................................................................226 TU−26..............................................................................................................................................226 TU−28..............................................................................................................................................227 TU−4................................................................................................................................................227 TU−95..............................................................................................................................................227 TUCAN T−1.....................................................................................................................................227 TUPOLEV........................................................................................................................................227 TURBOPROP..................................................................................................................................227 TWINSTAR......................................................................................................................................228 U−2..................................................................................................................................................228 UC−78.............................................................................................................................................228 UH−60.............................................................................................................................................228 UTVA LASTA...................................................................................................................................228 UTVA−75.........................................................................................................................................228 xix
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction V−22 OSPREY................................................................................................................................229 VALMET L−70.................................................................................................................................229 VALMET L−90TP.............................................................................................................................229 VALMET VIHURI.............................................................................................................................230 VAMPIRE.........................................................................................................................................230 VAUTOUR II....................................................................................................................................230 VC−137............................................................................................................................................230 VC10................................................................................................................................................230 VICKERS 'K'....................................................................................................................................231 VICKERS 266..................................................................................................................................231 VICKERS FB5.................................................................................................................................231 VICKERS VALETTA........................................................................................................................231 VICKERS VALIANT.........................................................................................................................231 VICKERS VANGUARD....................................................................................................................232 VICKERS VARSITY.........................................................................................................................232 VICKERS VILDEBEEST..................................................................................................................232 VICKERS VINCENT........................................................................................................................232 VICKERS VISCOUNT.....................................................................................................................232 VICTOR...........................................................................................................................................232 VOUGHT A−7..................................................................................................................................233 VOUGHT F−7..................................................................................................................................233 VOUGHT F−8..................................................................................................................................233 VTOL...............................................................................................................................................233 VULCAN..........................................................................................................................................234 VULTEE BT−13...............................................................................................................................234 VULTEE V−11.................................................................................................................................234 WACO CG−3A.................................................................................................................................234 WACO CG−4A.................................................................................................................................234 WARHAWK......................................................................................................................................235 WARRIOR.......................................................................................................................................235 WEISS WM 21.................................................................................................................................235 WELLINGTON.................................................................................................................................235 WESTLAND COMMANDO..............................................................................................................235 WESTLAND SCOUT.......................................................................................................................235 WESTLAND WAPITI.......................................................................................................................236 WESTLAND WASP.........................................................................................................................236 WESTLAND WELKIN......................................................................................................................236 WESTLAND WESSEX....................................................................................................................236 WESTLAND WHIRLWIND...............................................................................................................237 WESTLAND WYVERN....................................................................................................................237 WHITLEY I.......................................................................................................................................237 WHITLEY II......................................................................................................................................237 WHITLEY III.....................................................................................................................................237 WHITLEY IV....................................................................................................................................237 WRIGHT FLYER..............................................................................................................................238 XIAN H−6.........................................................................................................................................238 XIAN JH−7.......................................................................................................................................238 XIAN Y−7.........................................................................................................................................238 Y−10................................................................................................................................................238 Y−11................................................................................................................................................238 Y−11T..............................................................................................................................................238 Y−12................................................................................................................................................239 Y−5..................................................................................................................................................239 Y−7..................................................................................................................................................239 YAK−11...........................................................................................................................................239 YAK−141.........................................................................................................................................239 YAK−15...........................................................................................................................................240 YAK−17...........................................................................................................................................240 YAK−18...........................................................................................................................................240 YAK−18T.........................................................................................................................................240 YAK−23...........................................................................................................................................240 xx
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
Contents Introduction YAK−25...........................................................................................................................................241 YAK−28...........................................................................................................................................241 YAK−30...........................................................................................................................................241 YAK−36MP......................................................................................................................................241 YAK−38...........................................................................................................................................241 YAK−40...........................................................................................................................................241 YAK−42...........................................................................................................................................242 YAK−50...........................................................................................................................................242 YAK−52...........................................................................................................................................242 YAK−55...........................................................................................................................................242 YOKOSUKA D4Y.............................................................................................................................242 YOKOSUKA K5Y.............................................................................................................................243 YOKOSUKA MXY7..........................................................................................................................243 YOKOSUKA P1Y.............................................................................................................................243 YS−11..............................................................................................................................................243 ZAFAR 300......................................................................................................................................243 ZEKE...............................................................................................................................................244 ZERO...............................................................................................................................................244 ZLIN Z−142......................................................................................................................................244 ZLIN Z−42........................................................................................................................................244 ZLIN Z−526......................................................................................................................................244 ZU−23..............................................................................................................................................244 ZUIUN..............................................................................................................................................244
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Introduction The Probert Encyclopaedia of aircraft is a desktop reference to civilian and military aircraft and airborne weapons systems past and present. This compact PDF edition has been especially prepared for electonic distribution. ©2004 The Probert Encyclopaedia
1
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft
737 See "Boeing 737"
747 See "Boeing 747"
757 See "Boeing 757"
A− A− is the US Navy designation for attack aircraft. The designation was first introduced in 1964.
A−10
The Fairchild A−10/OA−10 (Thunderbolt II) is a single−seater American close air support aircraft first deployed in 1976. The A−10 is powered by two General Electric TF34−GE−100 turbofans providing a top speed of 420 mph and a range of 800 miles. It carries an armament of one 30 mm GAU−8/A seven−barrel Gatling gun; up to 7,200 kilograms of mixed ordnance on eight under−wing and three under−fuselage pylon stations, including 225 kilograms of retarded bombs, 900 kilograms of general−purpose bombs, incendiary and Rockeye II cluster bombs, combined effects munitions, Maverick missiles and laser−guided/electro−optically guided bombs; infrared countermeasure flares; electronic countermeasure chaff; jammer pods; 2.75−inch rockets; illumination flares and AIM−9 Sidewinder missiles.
A−12
The Curtiss Model 60 Shrike (A−12) was an American attack aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1933 to 1942. The A−12 was manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and a gunner seated in tandem, and was powered by a Wright R−1820−37 radial piston engine rated at 690 hp giving a top speed of 177 mph and a typical range of 838 km. The A−12 was armed with four 7.62 mm Browning fixed 2
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft forward−firing machine−guns in the landing gear fairings, and one 7.62 mm Browning trainable machine−gun in the dorsal position. Up to 221 kg of disposable stores could also be carried on two hard points under the wings and generally comprised four 122 lb or four 100 lb bombs or ten 25 lb or 30 lb bombs.
A−18
The Curtiss Model 76 Shrike (A−18) was an American attack aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1937 to 1943. The A−18 was a mid−wing monoplane of basically metal construction with the exception of the fabric covering on the control surfaces and those parts of the wing behind the front spar. The crew of two was located in a raised fuselage section over the wing, the pilot having good fields of vision from his position above the wing leading edges but being separated from the observer/gunner who was positioned above the trailing edges. The A−18 was powered by two Wright R−1820−47 radial piston engines rated at 850 hp providing a top speed of 247 mph and a typical range of 1048 km. Armaments consisted of four 7.62 mm Browning forward−firing machine−guns in the nose and one 7.62 mm Browning trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the dorsal position.
A−27
The North American A−27 was an American built two−seater light attack bomber of the Second World War mainly built for export (ten were built for Siam, but Siam was invaded by the Japanese whilst the aircraft were en route, and the USA diverted the shipment to its own forces in the Philippines). It was powered by a Wright R−1820−75 radial piston engine rated at 785 hp providing a top speed of 250 mph and a range of 1287 km. The A−27 was armed with two 0.3 inch Browning fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the upper part of the forward fuselage firing through the propeller disc, two 0.3 inch Browning fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the wing leading edges and one 0.5 inch or 0.3 inch Browning trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 400 lb of disposable ordnance was carried on four under wing hard points, and generally comprising free−fall bombs.
A−37
The Cessna T−37/A−37 Dragonfly is an American two−seater light attack and forward air controller aircraft derived from the Cessna Model 318 trainer aircraft in 1963. The Cessna T−37/A−37B Dragonfly is powered by two general Electric J85−17A turbojets providing a top speed of 843 kmh and a range of 740 km fully laden. The Cessna T−37/A−37B Dragonfly is armed with one 7.62 mm GAU−213/A7 Minigun in the nose and can carry disposable stores on eight under−wing hard points. 3
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A−4
The McDonnell Douglas A−4 Skyhawk II (Bantam Bomber) is an American single−seater carrier−borne and land−based light attack aircraft developed during the 1950s to the US navy's requirements for a turbojet successor to the Douglas AD−6 Skyraider. The McDonnell Douglas A−4 Skyhawk II is powered by a Pratt and Whitney J52−P−408 turbojet providing a top speed of 1103 kmh and a range of 547 km fully laden. It is armed with two 20 mm Mk 12 cannon in the wing roots and up to 9,155 lb (4153 kg) of disposable stores can be carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing.
A−5
The North American NA−247 (A−5 Vigilante) was an American two−seater carrier−borne strategic and operational−level reconnaissance platform and bomber aircraft designed during the late 1950's and in service from 1961 to 1979. The North American NA−247 was powered by two General Electric J79−GE−10 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.1 and a range of 2414 km. Armaments consisted of a thermo−nuclear bomb or 5000 lbs of conventional bombs carried by the bomber variant.
AASEN BOMB An Aasen bomb was an Italian aircraft bomb consisting of a converted grenade and used prior to the Great War.
AC−130H The AC−130H (Spectre) is an American close air support, air interdiction and armed reconnaissance aircraft first deployed in 1972. It carries a crew of 14 (pilot, co−pilot, navigator, fire control officer, electronic warfare officer, flight engineer, loadmaster, low−light TV operator, infrared detection set operator, and five aerial gunners). It has a top speed of 300 mph and a range of 1500 miles. The AC−130H carries armament of two 20 mm M61A1 cannons with 3,000 rounds, one 40 mm Bofors cannon with 256 rounds and one 105 mm howitzer with 100 rounds.
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ADEN 25 The Aden 25 is a British 25 mm NATO calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. The Aden 25 was developed from an improved development of the Aden Mk 4 and has a rate of fire of between 1650 and 1850 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1050 mps giving an effective range of 1510 meters.
ADEN MK 4 The Aden Mk 4 is a British 30 mm calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. The Aden Mk 4 was developed during the Second World War from the German Mauser MG213C revolver cannon. The Aden Mk 4 has a rate of fire of 1200 to 1400 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 741 mps giving an effective range of 1510 meters.
AERITALIA AP68−300 The Aeritalia/Partenavia AP68−300 (Spartacus) is a light multi−role transport and utility aircraft from Italy. It was first developed in 1978 and entered service in 1983. The aircraft carries a crew of two and has seats for six passengers. It has a top speed of 240 mph and a typical range of 750 km depending upon payload.
AERITALIA G222 The Aeritalia G222 is an Italian general−purpose military transport plane. It was developed in 1970 with the first production aircraft flown in 1975. The aircraft carries a crew of three and has troop accommodation for 53 fully armed soldiers or 42 paratroops. For aero−medical roles the G222 can be fitted with 36 stretchers and carry an additional two seated patients and four medical attendants. The G222 is powered by two Fiat T64−GE−P4D turboprops providing a top speed of 540 kmh and a typical range of 1500 km depending upon payload.
AERITALIA G91R
The Aeritalia G91R is an Italian single−seat light attack, close support and reconnaissance fighter first flown in 1958. The Italian version is armed with four 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns, the Portuguese version with two 30 mm DEFA 552 cannon, both gun arrangements located in the sides of the forward fuselage. Up to 1500 kg of disposable stores can be carried on four hard points two under each wing.
AERITALIA G91Y
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Aeritalia G91Y is an Italian single−seat light attack and close support fighter. It is a twin−engine development of the Aeritalia G91R, first flown in 1966 entering service in 1968. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552 cannon in the sides of the forward fuselage and up to 1814 kg of disposable stores can be carried on four hard points two under each wing.
AERMACCHI AL60
The Aermacchi AL60 is an American−designed Italian utility light transport aircraft that entered service in 1961. The Aermacchi AL60 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−720−A1A flat−eight piston engine providing a top speed of 251 kmh and a range of 1037 km. The Aermacchi AL60 carries a flight crew of two and can also carry six passengers; two litters, one seated passenger and an attendant; or 1440 lbs of freight in the cabin.
AERMACCHI AM.3
The Aermacchi AM.3 is an Italian reconnaissance and electronic warfare platform warplane that entered service in the 1960's. The Aermacchi AM.3 carries a crew of two and a passenger or freight in the cabin. The Aermacchi AM.3 is powered by a Piaggio GSO−480−B1B6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 278 kmh and a range of 991 km. The Aermacchi AM.3 is generally unarmed, but has provision to carry up to 340 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
AERMACCHI MB 323 The Aermacchi MB 323 was an Italian two−seater trainer aircraft produced as a prototype in 1952 as a contender for a new Italian air force trainer aircraft. However, the Aermacchi MB 323 was not selected and was subsequently never produced.
AERMACCHI MB 326 The Aermacchi MB 326 is a series of Italian single−seat light attack and two−seater trainer aircraft that first flew in 1957 and entered service in 1971. The Aermacchi MB 326 is powered by a Piaggio Viper Mk 632−43 turbojet providing a top speed of 890 kmh and a range of 1040 km depending upon load. Aermacchi MB 326 is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons in the lower sides of the forward fuselage and carries up to 2500 kg of disposable stores on six hard points, three under each wing. A South African version built under license is known as the Atlas Impala.
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AERMACCHI MB 339
The Aermacchi MB 339 is an Italian tandem two−seat advanced trainer aircraft. The first prototype was flown in 1976 and delivery to the Italian air force started in 1981. The aircraft is powered by a Fiat−built Rolls−Royce Viper 632−43 turbojet delivering a top speed of 558 mph and a range of 1760 km. The aircraft is equipped to carry 1814 kg of ordnance distributed between six under−wing stations. The MB 339K Veltro 2 variant is a single−seat attack derivative of the basic two−seater, with an internal armament of two 30 mm DEFA 554 cannons, and additional fuel plus avionics in the volume of the erstwhile rear cockpit.
AERO A 100
The Aero A 100 was a Czechoslovakian two−seater light bomber and long−range reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1933 to the late 1940s. The Aero A 100 was powered by an Avia Vr−36 Vee piston engine giving a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 917 km or a flying endurance of four hours. Armament consisted of two 7.92 mm calibre vz30 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the forward fuselage with synchronisation equipment to allow them to fire through the propeller disc, and two 7.92 mm vz30 (Lewis) trainable rearward−firing machine−guns in the rear cockpit. In addition to the fixed armaments, up to 600 kg of disposable stores could also be carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay rated at 400 kg and on four under fuselage hard points each rated at 50 kg. Disposable stores generally consisted of three 100 kg bombs carried in the weapons bay and four 50 kg bombs carried on the hard points.
AERO A 304
The Aero A 304 was a Czechoslovakian light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1937 to the 1945. The Aero A 304 was manned by a pilot, co−pilot, navigator/bombardier and a gunner and powered by two Walter Super−Castor I−MR radial piston engines giving a top speed of 320 km and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of one 7.92 mm calibre vz30 fixed forward−firing machine−gun on the port side of the nose, one 7.92 mm calibre vz30 trainable machine−gun in the manually operated dorsal turret and provision for one 7.92 mm calibre vz30 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the ventral position. In addition, up to 300 kg of disposable stores could be carried on three hard points, one under the fuselage 7
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft and one under each wing, and generally comprising one 100 kg or 200 kg bomb carried under the fuselage and two 50 kg or six 10 or 20 kg bombs under the wings.
AERO L−29
The Aero L−29 Delfin (Maya) is a Czech basic/advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft. It was designed in 1960 and entered service in 1963. The Aero L−29 is powered by a Motorlet M 701c 500 turbojet providing a top speed of 655 kmh and a range of 640 km. Up to 200 kg of disposable stores can be carried on two under−wing hard points.
AERO L−39
The Aero L−39 (Albatros) is a Czech basic and advanced trainer and single−seater light attack aircraft. It was developed from the Aero L−29 and first flew in 1969, entering service in 1974. The Aero L−39C is powered by a ZMDB Progress AI−25TL turbofan providing a top speed of 850 kmh and a range of 1100 km. Early models have no fixed armaments but can carry 284 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points, later models are armed with one 23 mm GSh−23L twin−barrel cannon in a semi−fixed pack under the fuselage and carries up to 1100 kg of disposable stores on four hard points two under each wing.
AERO L−59
The Aero L−59 (Albatros) is a Czech two−seater basic and advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capabilities. It was developed from the Aero L−39 and entered service in 1989. The Aero L−59 is powered by a ZMDB Progress DV−2 turbofan providing a top speed of 876 kmh and a range of 1500 km. The Aero−L59 can carry up to 1100 kg of disposable stores on four hard points two under each wing.
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AERODROME An aerodrome is a place where aircraft are based.
AERONCA L−3 The Aeronca L−3 (Grasshopper) was an American military two−seat, unarmed, light liaison and observation monoplane of the Second World War. The Aeronca L−3 was powered by a Continental O−170 flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 87 mph and a range of 322 km.
AEROPLANE See "Aircraft"
AEROSPATIALE AS 332 The Aerospatiale AS 332 Super Puma is a French medium transport helicopter. It is powered by two 1755 hp Turbomeca Makila turboshafts giving it a top speed of 296 kmh and a range of 618 km. It is produced in military and commercial versions, the AS 332M and AS 332L respectively, and a naval version the AS 332F with folding rotor blades. The Aerospatiale AS 332 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 21 troops or six litters and seven seated casualties or 4000 kg of freight in the cabin or 4500 kg of freight carried as a slung load. In 1993 a Super Puma Mk II entered service powered by Turbomeca Makila IA2 turboshafts providing an increased top speed of 327 kmh and a range of 1176 km.
AEROSPATIALE CM 170 The Aerospatiale CM 170 (Magister) is a French two−seat trainer aircraft with secondary light attack capability, first flown in 1952 and entered into service in 1956. The Aerospatiale CM 170−1 is powered by two Turbomeca Marbore IIA turbojets providing a top speed of 715 kmh and a range of 925 km. The Aerospatiale CM 170 is armed with two 7.5 mm or 7.62 mm machineguns in the upper side of the nose and up to 250 kg of disposable stores carried on two hard points, one under each wing.
AEROSPATIALE N 262
The Aerospatiale N 262 (Fregate) is a French short−range utility transport aircraft that entered military service in 1964. The Aerospatiale N 262 series D is powered by two Turbomeca Bastan VIIA turboprops providing a top speed of 418 kmh and a range of 1450 km fully laden. The Aerospatiale N 262 carries a flight crew of two and up to 29 passengers or 3075 kg of freight in the cabin. A modified version, the Aerospatiale N 262 series E are used as navigational trainers by the French naval air arm.
AEROSPATIALE SA 315 The Aerospatiale SA 315 Lama is a French utility light helicopter developed during the late 1960's in response to an Indian requirement for a general−purpose helicopter for use in the Himalayan mountains. The Aerospatiale SA 315 first flew in 1969 and entered service in 1970. The Aerospatiale SA 315 is powered by a Turbomeca Artouste IIIB turboshaft providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 515 km. It carries a pilot and two passengers in the front of the cockpit and four passengers or two litters and an attendant or 785 kg of freight in the rear of the cabin or 1135 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
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AEROSPATIALE SA 318
The Aerospatiale SA 318 Alouette II is a French utility light helicopter first flown in 1961, and is an improved version of the Aerospatiale SE 313 being powered by a downgraded Turbomeca Astazou IIA turboshaft providing a top speed of 205 kmh and a range of 100 km. The Aerospatiale SA 318 carries a pilot and one passenger in the front of the cockpit and up to three passengers or two litters and an attendant or freight in the rear of the cockpit or 600 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
AEROSPATIALE SA 319B The Aerospatiale SA 319B (Alouette III) is a French multi−role helicopter first flow in 1959, and developed from the earlier Aerospatiale SA 313B which first flew in 1955. It is armed with one 7.62 mm AA52 machinegun, or one 20 mm MG151/20 cannon, or one 20 mm M621 cannon and up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on four hard points two on each of two outrigger pylons.
AEROSPATIALE SA 321 The Aerospatiale SA 321 (Super Frelon) is a French anti−submarine helicopter first flown in 1965. The Aerospatiale SA 321 is powered by three Turbomeca Turmo IIIC3 turboshafts providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 1020 km. The Aerospatiale SA 321 carries a crew of two and a mission crew of three or up to 27 passengers or 5000 kg of freight in the cabin or carried as a slung load. It can carry up to 2000 kg of disposable stores on two hard points, one on each side of the fuselage.
AEROSPATIALE SA 330 The Aerospatiale SA 330 Puma is a French medium transport helicopter developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1969. The Aerospatiale SA 330 is powered by two Turbomeca Turmo IVC turboshafts providing a top speed of 204 kmh and a range of 572 km. The Aerospatiale SA 330 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 20 troops, or six litters and six seated casualties or 3000 kg of freight in the cabin or carried as a slung load. The Aerospatiale SA 330 is generally unarmed but has provision to mount two 7.62 mm fixed forward−firing machine−guns on the sides of the fuselage or one 20 mm GIAT M621 cannon on a flexible mounting in one cabin door. In addition provision is made for two rocket pods to be fitted to the sides of the fuselage.
AEROSPATIALE SA 341
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The Aerospatiale SA 341 (Gazelle) is a French five−seat multi−role helicopter in service since 1972. The Aerospatiale SA 341 is powered by a Turbomeca Astazou IIIA turboshaft providing a top speed of 310 kmh and a range of 670 km. The Aerospatiale SA 341 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to three passengers or freight in the rear cabin or 700 kg of freight carried as a slung load. It has provision for one Emerson Flexible Turret System (previously designated Mini−TAT) with one 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun on the side of the fuselage and can carry up to 400 kg of disposable stores on two hard points one on each side of the fuselage.
AEROSPATIALE SA 342 The Aerospatiale SA 342 (Gazelle) is a French battlefield and utility light helicopter in service since 1977. The Aerospatiale SA 342 is powered by a Turbomeca Astazou XIVM turboshaft providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 710 km. The Aerospatiale SA 342 carries a crew of two and up to three passengers or 700 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, the Aerospatiale SA 342 can be fitted with a 20 mm GIAT M621 cannon attached to the starboard side of the fuselage and up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on two hard points, one at each end of a tubular armament beam that can be installed transversely through the fuselage.
AEROSPATIALE SA 365
The Aerospatiale SA 365 (Dauphin 2) is a French multi−purpose and transport helicopter. It was flown as a prototype in 1979 and is manufactured in various formats including commercial and military. The SA 365F is powered by two Turbomeca Arriel IM1 turboshafts providing a top speed of 296 kmh and a range of 875 km. The SA 365F carries a flight crew of two and up to ten passengers or 1700 kg of freight in the cabin or 1600 kg of freight carried as a slung load. The AS 365F can carry up to 600 kg of disposable stores on four hard points under the two outrigger arms.
AEROSPATIALE SA 565 The Aerospatiale SA 565 (Panther) is the French military, anti−ship variation of the Aerospatiale SA 365 helicopter. It was flown as a prototype in 1979. Two 760 hp turboshafts provide a maximum speed of 296 kmh.
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AEROSPATIALE SE 310 The Aerospatiale SE 310 (Caravelle) is a French short/medium−range civil airliner and medium−range military transport aircraft, first flown in 1955. The military Aerospatiale SE 310 Caravelle III entered service in 1960 and is powered by two Rolls−Royce Avon RA.29 Mk 527 turbojets (various variations were made with varying engines) providing a top speed of 805 kmh and a range of 1700 km fully laden. The Aerospatiale SE 310 carries a flight crew of three and up to 99 passengers or 8400 kg of freight.
AEROSPATIALE SE 313 The Aerospatiale SE 313 Alouette is a French utility light helicopter that entered service in 1956 and was the world's first turboshaft−powered helicopter to enter full production. The Aerospatiale SE 313 is powered by a Turbomeca Artouste I turboshaft. The Aerospatiale SE 313 carries a pilot and one passenger in the front of the cockpit and up to three passengers or two litters and an attendant or freight in the rear of the cockpit or 600 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
AEROSPATIALE SN 601 The Aerospatiale SN 601 (Corvette) is a French civilian business jet and military utility light transport aircraft developed in the late 1960's for the civilian market, entering limited military service in 1974. The Aerospatiale SN 601 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada JT15D−4 turbofans providing a top speed of 800 kmh and a range of 1645 km fully laden. The Aerospatiale SN 601 carries a flight crew of two and up to 14 passengers or freight in the cabin.
AEROTEC A−122 The Aerotec A−122 Uirapuru is a Brazilian two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft that entered service in 1969. The Aerotec A−122 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320−B2B flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 225 kmh and a range of 800 km.
AGM−65 The AGM−65 is an air−to−ground missile used by the US army. It has a flight speed of 180 m/s and a maximum range of 16000 meters.
AGM−65D The AGM−65D (Maverick) is a 300 mm air−to−ground missile used by the USAF. It is mounted on A−10A and other similar attack aircraft. It has a range of 16000 meters and an FLIR guidance system. It can penetrate 650 mm of flat steel, 527 mm of sloped steel armour and 257 mm of composite armour.
AGUSTA Agusta is an Italian aircraft manufacturer, specialising in vertical takeoff vehicles, such as helicopters, in both military and commercial variations.
AGUSTA A 109A
The Agusta A 109A is an Italian general−purpose light helicopter designed for both the civilian and military markets and first flown in 1970, entering military service in 1976. The Agusta A 109A is powered by two 12
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft Allison 250−C20B turboshafts providing a top speed of 311 kmh and a range of 593 km. The Agusta A 109A carries a crew of one or two and up to six passengers or 1180 kg of freight in the cabin or 907 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for one or two 7.62 mm machine−guns to be mounted on pintles and 344 kg of disposable stores to be carried on four hard points.
AGUSTA A 109K
The Agusta A 109K is an Italian utility light helicopter designed specifically for the military market from the Agusta A 109A and first flown in 1983, entering military service in 1991. The Agusta A 109K is powered by two Turbomeca Arriel IK1 turboshafts providing a top speed of 278 kmh and a range of 453 km. The Agusta A 109K carries a crew of one or two and up to six passengers or 1180 kg of freight in the cabin or 907 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for one or two 7.62 mm machine−guns to be mounted on pintles and 344 kg of disposable stores to be carried on four hard points.
AGUSTA A129
The Agusta A129 Mangusta (Mongoose) is an Italian two−seat light attack helicopter. It is a dedicated attack and anti−armour helicopter with full night/bad weather combat capability and was developed to Italian army requirements. Production started in 1983 and the helicopter was powered by two Piaggio Gem Mk 1004D turboshafts providing a top speed of 315 kmh and a range of 100 km. In a typical anti−armour role the A129 is armed with eight TOW missiles and two 70 mm rocket launchers carried on four hard points.
AGUSTA AB204 See "Bell 204B"
AGUSTA AB212ASW The Agusta AB212ASW is an Italian version of the American Bell 212 helicopter, optimised for naval warfare. The Agusta AB212 is powered by one Pratt and Whitney PT6T−6 Turbo Twin Pac coupled turboshaft providing a top speed of 240 kmh and a range of 615 km. It has provision for an Emerson Dual Flexible Turret System for machineguns or a cannon, and carries up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on two hard points one on each side of the fuselage, typically comprising Mk 46 torpedoes, Sea Killer anti−ship missiles or AS 12 anti−ship missiles.
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AGUSTA AB412
The Agusta AB412 Grifone is an Italian utility and maritime patrol helicopter. It is operated by a crew of one and has provision for fourteen passengers or six litters and two attendants or 4000 lbs of freight carried in the cabin or 5050 lbs of freight carried as a slung load. A Pratt and Whitney PT6T−3B Turbo Twin Pac coupled turboshaft provides a top speed of 259 kmh and a range of 805 km or four hours flying time. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for one or two 25 mm Oerlikon−Buhrle KBA−B cannon mounted on the lower sides of the fuselage, or alternatively a 0.5 inch FN−Browning M3 heavy machine−gun mounted in a Lucas Helicopter Turret under the nose, and one or two 0.5 inch or 7.62 mm FN−Browning M3 heavy machine−guns pintle−mounted in the cabin doors and disposable stores carried on two hard points one each side of the fuselage.
AH−1
The Bell 209 or AH−1 is a series of American two−seat light attack helicopters. The AH−1S (HueyCobra) is a dedicated attack and anti−armour helicopter serving primarily with the US Army in the early 1980s. It has a top speed of 277 kmh. The AH−1T (SeaCobra) is a twin−turboshaft version used by the US Marine Corps during the late 1970s and during the 1980s, being replaced by the AH−1W (SuperCobra) which entered service in 1985. During the Gulf War in 1991 the United States Marine Corps crews and their AH−1W SuperCobras destroyed 97 tanks, 104 armoured personnel carriers and vehicles, 16 bunkers and two anti−aircraft artillery sites.
AH−64 The AH−64 (Apache) is an American tandem two−seat attack helicopter. The Hughes AH−64 was developed during the early 1970s and first flew in 1975 with production reaching a peak in 1984. The AH−64 is armed with a single−barrel 30 mm gun suspended beneath the forward fuselage, and eight BGM−71A TOW anti−armour missiles may also be carried. Alternative armaments include 16 Hellfire laser−guided missiles. The AH−64 has a top speed of 307 kmh.
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AICHI B7A
The Aichi B7A (Ryusei) was a Japanese carrier−based torpedo/dive bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The B7A2 carried a crew of two and was powered by a Nakajima NK9C Homare 12 18− cylinder radial piston engine delivering 1825 hp of power and providing a top speed of 565 kmh and a maximum range of 3050 km. It was armed with two wing mounted 20−mm Type 99 cannons and one trainable 13 mm Type 2 machine−gun in the aft position and 800 kg of bombs or a single 800 kg torpedo. By the time the B7A was produced, Japan no longer had any carriers from which it could operate and the B7A saw only limited action from land bases.
AICHI D3A
The Aichi D3A (Val) was a Japanese two−seat carrier or land−based dive−bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The D3A1 was powered by a Mitsubishi Kinsei 44 14−cylinder radial piston engine delivering 1070 hp and providing a top speed of 385 kmh and a range of 1470 km. The D3A1 was armed with two 7.7 mm fixed, forward firing Type 97 machine−guns and a Type 92 trainable machine−gun in the rear cockpit and 370 kg of bombs carried under the wings and fuselage. The Japanese navy used D3A aircraft in the attack on Pear Harbour.
AICHI E13A The Aichi E13A was a Japanese three−seat long−range reconnaissance sea−plane of the Second World War developed from the Aichi E12A to meet a Japanese navy requirement for a long−range reconnaissance sea− plane to escort maritime convoys, and entering service in 1941. The E13A was powered by a Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 14−cylinder radial piston engine supplying 1080 hp of power and providing a top speed of 375 kmh and a range of 2090 km. The E13A was armed with one trainable 7.7 mm Type 92 machine−gun in the aft position and up to 250 kg of bombs. A 20 mm Type 99 cannon could also be fitted on a ventral− flexible mount for anti−ship operations.
AICHI E16A1 The Aichi E16A1 Zuiun was a Japanese long−range reconnaissance sea−plane of the Second World War produced from 1943 to replace the Aichi E13A, as the Navy Reconnaissance Seaplane Zuiun Model 11. The Zuiun was powered by a 1300 hp Mitsubishi MK8D Kinsei 54 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 440 kmh and a range of 2420 km. Armaments consisted of two 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons mounted in the wings and a 13mm Type 2 machine−gun on a flexible mount in the aft position and a 250 kg bomb carried on an under−fuselage mounting. A lot of Zuiun planes were used for kamikaze operations in the Okinawa area.
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AIDC A−1
The AIDC A−1 Ching kuo is a Taiwanese single−seater lightweight air−defence fighter with ground attack and anti−ship capabilities first developed in 1994. The A−1 is powered by two ITEC TFE1042−70 turbofans giving a top speed of Mach 1.2. The A−1 is armed with one 20 mm General Electric M61A1 rotary six−barrel cannon under the port side of the fuselage and carries disposable stores on six hard points, two under the fuselage, two under each wing and two at the wing tips, each rated at 100 kg.
AIDC AT−3A
The AIDC AT−3A Tzu Chung is a Taiwanese two−seater advanced flying and weapons trainer aircraft, first flown in 1980, entering service in 1984. The AT−3A is powered by two Garrett TFE731−2−2L turbofans providing a top speed of 904 kmh and a range of 2280 km. The AT−3A has provision for two 0.5 inch calibre machine−guns in a ventral pack; two wingtip rails for two AIM−9 Sidewinder air−to−air missiles; five other hard points capable of carrying 2720 kg of stores which can include air−to−surface missiles, cannon and machine−gun pods, rocket launcher pods, bombs and cluster bombs.
AIDC T−1 The AIDC T−1 Chung−tsing is an American−designed Taiwanese two−seater basic/advanced fling trainer with limited armament training and ground attack capabilities. The AIDC T−1 entered military service in 1976 and is powered by a Textron Lycoming T53−L−701 turboprop providing a top speed of 685 kmh and a range of 2010 km. The AIDC T−1 carries no fixed armaments but has provision for disposable stores to be carried on two under−wing hard points.
AIM−120A The AIM−120A is an American all weather, fire and forget air−to−air missile, equipped with an active radar seeker and high explosive warhead. The range is over 50 miles and the speed of the missile is 1.2 km per second (Mach 4).
AIM−26 The AIM−26 (Super Falcon) is an American short range air−to−air missile which first entered service in 1960. The AIM−26 uses a Hughes semi−active radar homing guidance system. The AIM−26 has a maximum range of 9600 meters and flies at a speed of Mach 2, and is armed with a 40 lb proximity−fused blast fragmentation warhead. The AIM−26 is 2.07 meters long and weighs 118.8 kg.
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AIM−4 The Hughes AIM−4 (Falcon) is an American short to medium range air−to−air missile which first entered service in 1956. The AIM−4 was the first fully guided air−to−air missile to enter service, using a Hughes semi−active radar homing guidance system. The AIM−4 has a maximum range of 11295 meters and flies at a speed of Mach 4, and is armed with a 13 kg proximity−fused blast fragmentation warhead. The AIM−4 is 2.18 meters long and weighs 68 kg.
AIM−54 The AIM−54 (Phoenix) is an American long range air−to−air missile by Raytheon which provides all weather capability for the engagement of supersonic aircraft and low and high altitude cruise missiles. Its speed is Mach 5 and it has a range of 150 km.
AIM−7 The AIM−7 (Sparrow) is an American medium range radar−guided air−to−air missile manufactured by Raytheon which has all−weather capability. Range is 45 km.
AIM−9
The AIM−9 (Sidewinder) is an American short range air−to−air missile by Lockheed Martin and Raytheon. It provides very short range, dogfight and all−aspect capability. Range is 8 km.
AIR−TO−AIR MISSILE An Air−to−Air Missile (AAM) is a missile fired from one aircraft against another. The original air−to−air missiles were developed during the Great War with aircraft such as the Nieuport 17 and the BE2 being equipped with Le Prieur rockets, the idea was then re−introduced in 1938 by the Soviet air force and adopted later by the German Luftwaffe with Messerschmitt Me 262 fighters being equipped with rockets. Modern air−to−air missiles are highly sophisticated radar or infra−red guided weapons which actively seek their target.
AIRBUS A300B The Airbus A300B is the most advanced aircraft currently in airline service. Proposed in 1965 by the British and French governments (the British government subsequently withdrew its support and West Germany joined the team) it is built by companies in five countries and represents Europe's first attempt to break the US monopoly of the market for large subsonic airliners. The unique wing incorporates supercritical features, now being adopted in advanced military and other civil jetliners. These delay the onset of shockwaves up to high subsonic speeds. The wing took nearly 4,000, 000 man−hours and almost 4,000 hours of wind−tunnel tests to perfect. The wing skin panels, some 51 feet long, are milled by computer−guided machines and preformed in gigantic presses. When released, they spring back to the exact aerofoil shape. The Airbus is the quietest wide−bodied jet, quieter than smaller jets weighing one tenth as much. Unlike other wide−bodied jets, it has only two engines: General Electric CF6−50C (Or alternatively Pratt and Whitney 17
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft JT9D−59A) turbofans which give it the lowest fuel consumption per passenger of any jet in history. A300B seating configurations can be varied from 345 passengers maximum in charter layout, to a mixed passenger/freight, or all−cargo payload. With an extra centre− section fuel tank, thicker wing roots and Kriiger flaps for a sprightly takeoff at 'hot and high' airports, the Airbus was converted from a short−to a medium−range airliner in the 1974 B4 version. Air France flew the first scheduled services in 1974.
AIRCRAFT An aircraft is a flying machine, a vessel which flies through the air rather than floats on water or travels along a road or rail.
AIRTECH CN.235 The Airtech CN.235 is a Spanish−Indonesian short−range medium utility transport plane developed between 1980 and 1983 as a Joint venture between CASA of Spain and IPTN of Indonesia. The Airtech CN.235 is powered by two General Electric CT7−9C turboprops providing a top speed of 445 kmh and a range of 1500 km fully laden. The Airtech CN.235 can carry a payload of 6600 kg, including 48 troops or 24 litters and attendants. A maritime patrol variation is armed with two AM 39 Exocet anti−ship missiles.
AIRTRAINER
The Pacific Aerospace Airtrainer CT4 is an Australian−designed New Zealand three−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft in service since 1973. The Pacific Aerospace Airtrainer CT4 is powered by a Rolls−Royce IO−360−H flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 426 kmh and a range of 1105 km.
ALBATROS D1
The Albatros D1 was a German single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War. It had a top speed of 120 mph and was armed with two machine−guns. Unlike other fighters at the time, its fuselage was covered with sheets of plywood rather than stretched fabric giving the D1 great strength and rigidity.
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ALBEMARLE The Armstrong Whitworth AW 41 Albemarle was a British twin−engined paratroop carrier and glider−tug aeroplane of the Second World War. They were used in the invasion of Sicily in 1943, the invasion of France in 1944 and the operations at Arnhem in 1944. It was also produced in a special transport model which was used for carrying mail and equipment from Britain to Malta, Gibraltar and North Africa during the war.
ALENIA F−104S
The Alenia F−104S is an Italian interceptor and multi−role attack fighter based on the Lockheed F−104. The F−104S is powered by a Fiat J79−GE−19 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a range of 2920 km. The F−104S is armed with one 20 mm General Electric M61A1 Vulcan rotary six−barrel cannon in the port side of the fuselage and has nine hard points, three under the fuselage, four under the wings and two at the wing tips, capable of carrying 3402 kg of disposable stores including AIM−7 Sparrow anti−air missiles and AIM−9 Sidewinder anti−air missiles.
ALKALI Alkali was the Western code name for the Soviet air−to−air radar guided missile fitted to Warsaw Pact aircraft during the 1970s.
ALOUETTE III See "Aerospatiale SA 319B"
ALPHA JET
The Dassault−Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet is a joint French and German two−seater trainer and light attack aircraft, first flown in 1973, entering service in 1980. The Alpha Jet A is powered by two SNECMA/Turbomeca Larzac O4−C20 turbofans providing a top speed of 1038 kmh and a typical range of 1000 km depending upon payload. Armaments consist of one 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon in an optional, detachable under−fuselage pod and up to 2500 kg of disposable stores on five hard points, one under the 19
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft fuselage and two under each wing.
AMBROSINI S.7 The S.A.I. Ambrosini S.7 was an Italian one and two−seater, all−wooden trainer aircraft developed during the Second World War, entering service in 1949. The Ambrosini S.7 was powered by an Alfa Romeo 115 ter 6−cylinder in−line piston engine providing a top speed of 358 kmh and a range of 1000 km.
AMX
The Aeritalia/Aermacchi/EMBRAER AMX is a joint Italian−Brazilian single−seat attack aircraft first flown in 1984. The Italian version is armed with one 20 mm General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel rotary cannon in the lower port side of the nose, the Brazilian version is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 554 cannons in the underside of the nose. Up to 3800 kg of disposable stores carried on seven hard points, one under the fuselage with side−by−side ejector racks, two under each wing, and two wingtip missile rails. The AMX originated as an Italian project for a G91 successor as lightweight counterpart to the Panavia Tornado, and developed into a joint Italo−Brazilian project.
AN−12
The Antonov AN−12 (cub) is a Soviet paratroop medium−range passenger and freight transport aircraft. It was developed in the 1960s. The Antonov AN−12 is powered by four ZMDB Progress AI−20K turboprops providing a top speed of 777 kmh and a range of 5700 km depending upon load. The Antonov AN−12 is armed with two 23mm Nudel'man−Rikhter NR−23 cannons in a powered tail turret. The Antonov AN−12 carries a flight crew of six, including a rear gunner, and up to 90 troops, 60 paratroops or 20000 kg of freight in the hold.
AN−124 The Antonov An−124 (Condor) is a Ukraine military long−range heavy transport and civil airliner. The Antonov An−124 is the world's largest production aircraft, at 69.1 meters long and 21.08 meters high. The Antonov An−124 is powered by four ZMKB Progress D−18T turbofan engines providing a top speed of 865 kmh and a range of 4500 km fully laden. The military Antonov An−124 is manned by a crew of four and can carry a payload of 150000 kg including 88 passengers and 350 troops or 268 paratroops or 288 stretchers and attendants, or helicopters or tanks.
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AN−14 The Antonov An−14 Pchelka (Clod) is a Soviet short−range utility STOL aircraft that entered military service in 1965, being produced until 1975. The Antonov An−14 is powered by two ZMDB Progress AI−14RF radial piston engines providing a top speed of 222 kmh and a range of 650 km fully laden. The Antonov An−14 carries a single pilot and up to eight passengers or 720 kg of freight.
AN−2 The Antonov AN−2 is a Soviet biplane developed in 1947 as a STOL transporter. It has a top speed of 160 mph. It is commonly used as a paratroop trainer.
AN−22 The Antonov AN−22 Antei (Cock) is a Soviet long−range heavy logistic transport aircraft. The AN−22 was developed in the mid 1960s primarily for support of the Siberian industries and was at the time the largest aircraft in the world. The AN−22 was adopted for military service in the late 1960s as a long−range strategic freight transport. The AN−22 is powered by four KKBM NK−12MA turboprops providing a top speed of 740 kmh and a range of 5000 km fully laden. The AN−22 carries a flight crew of five or six and up to 29 passengers or 80000 kg of freight in the hold.
AN−225
The Antonov An−225 Mriya (Cossack) is a Soviet long−range strategic heavy transport aircraft developed to carry massive loads, including the Soviet Space Shuttle. The Antonov An−225 was designed during the 1980s and entered service in the 1990s. The Antonov An−225 is powered by six ZMDB Progress D−18T turbofans providing a top speed of 850 kmh and a range of 4500 km fully laden increasing to 15400 km empty. The Antonov An−225 carries a flight crew of six and up to 2500000 kg of freight in the hold. Despite its massive size, the Antonov An−225 can operate from runways just 1000 m long.
AN−24
The Antonov An−24 (Coke) is a 52−seater a short−range twin turboprop aeroplane developed during the 1950s, similar to the Fokker−VFW F 27 Friendship. The An−24 is powered by two ZMDB Progress AI−24A turboprops providing a top speed of 498 kmh and a range of 640 km fully laden, increasing to 3000 km empty. The An−24 is fitted with high wings to minimize the risk of propeller damage on the USSR's many unsurfaced landing strips. Aeroflot's vast fleet contains more An−24s than any other airliner; over 1,000 21
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft fire−fighting, aerial survey and passenger versions have been built. The An−24 was adopted for military service in 1962 as a short−range utility freight transport aircraft. The military version of the An−24 carries a flight crew of five and up to 38 troops or 30 paratroops or 24 litters and one attendant or 4612 kg of freight in the hold.
AN−26 The Antonov An−26 (Curl) is a Russian light tactical transport aircraft developed from the Antonov An−24 and first seen in 1969. The Antonov An−26 is powered by two ZMDB−Progress Al−24VT turboprops providing a top speed of 540 kmh and a range of 1100 km fully laden. The Antonov An−26 is manned by a crew of five and carries a payload of 5500 kg or up to 40 passengers or 24 litters and attendants. Parachute static lines are also fitted as standard, enabling the Antonov An−26 to be used to transport paratroops.
AN−28 The Antonov An−28 is a Russian 19−seater aircraft designed for STOL performance from the most inaccessible 'hot and high' airstrips. It was designed in 1969.
AN−30 The Antonov An−30 (Clank) is a Soviet unarmed reconnaissance and electronic warfare platform warplane that entered service in 1974 and is used for aerial survey. The Antonov An−30 carries a flight crew of five and a mission crew of two in the cabin and is powered by two ZMDB Progress Al−24VT turboprops providing a top speed of 540 kmh and a range of 2630 km.
AN−32 The Antonov An−32 (Cline) is a Soviet military short/medium−range utility and tactical transport aircraft developed from the Antonov An−24 series and first flown in 1977. The Antonov An−32 is powered by two ZMDB Progress AI−20D Series 5 turboprops providing a top speed of 530 kmh and a range of 1200 km fully laden. The Antonov An−32 carries a flight crew of five and up to 39 troops or 30 paratroops or 24 litters and one attendant or 6700 kg of freight in the hold.
AN−70 The Antonov An−70 is a Ukraine STOL medium transport aircraft developed as a successor to the Antonov An−12 and first flown in 1994. The Antonov An−70 is powered by four ZMKB Progress D−27 propfan engines providing a top speed of 897 kmh and a range of 1350 km varying with payload. The Antonov An−70 is manned by a crew of four and carries a payload of 47000 kg including seating for 300 troops or 206 stretchers.
AN−72
The Antonov An−72 (Coaler) is a small Russian civilian passenger and military short/medium−range utility STOL aircraft that entered military service in the 1980s. It is unusual for having two powerful turbofan engines − ZMDB Progress D−36 − mounted above the wing which provide a top speed of 705 kmh and a range of 800 km fully laden. The blast, directed across large flaps which can be extended sharply downward, hits the ground at a 90−degree angle, reducing the takeoff run. The An−72 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 68 passengers or 57 paratroops or 24 litters and 12 seated casualties and one attendant or 10000 kg of freight in the hold. 22
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ANAB The AA−3 Anab was a Soviet guided air−to−air missile first introduced in 1961 and fitted to many Warsaw Pact aircraft including the Mig−21 and Yak−28 during the 1970s. The early AA−3A used infra−red guidance and had a maximum range of 20 km, the later AA−3B model used a semi−active radar guidance system and had a longer range of 30 km. Both models had a flight speed of Mach 2.5. The AA−3 was armed with a 30 kg proximity and impact−fused blast/fragmentation warhead.
ANSON The Avro 652A Anson was a British twin engined advanced training monoplane of the Second World War. It was developed from the commercial Avro 652 which had been designed in 1933, and intended as a reconnaissance aeroplane. With a view to its reconnaissance role, the Anson I was armed with a fixed machine−gun in the nose and a gun in a manually operated turret amidships. There was internal stowage for 100 lbs of bombs and external racks for eight 20 lb bombs, flares or smoke−floats. After being withdrawn from operational service the Anson I was used for navigation and armament training.
AP 1 The Caproni Bergamasca AP 1 was an Italian attack aircraft of the Second World War, in service from 1936 until the late 1940s. The aircraft was manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and an observer/gunner seated in tandem. Powered by a single Piaggio XI RC 35 radial piston engine rated at 895 hp the AP 1 had a top speed of 242 mph and a typical range of 1100 km. Armaments consisted of two 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT or Scotti fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings, and one 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT trainable machine−gun in the dorsal position. Up to 500 kg of disposable stores (usually anti−personnel bombs) could be carried in a lower fuselage weapon bay and on two hard points under the wings.
ARADO Arado were a German aircraft company producing German warplanes during the Second World War.
ARADO AR 196 The Arado Ar 196 was a twin−float low−wing monoplane used as a reconnaissance machine by the German Navy and carried aboard most warships during the Second World War. It was also used for coastal patrolling and light bombing missions. The Arado Ar 196A−3 was powered by a 960 hp BMW 132K 9−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 310 kmh and a range of 1070 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward firing 20 mm MG FF cannons in the wings, one fixed forward firing 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−gun in the starboard forward fuselage and one trainable 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun in the rear cockpit, and under−wing racks for two 50 kg bombs.
ARADO AR 232
The Arado Ar 232 was a German heavy transport aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1941. The Ar 232 was powered by four 1200 hp BMW Bramo 323R−2 9 cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 340 kmh and a range of 1060 km. Armaments consisted of one 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun in the nose and one or two machine−guns at the rear of the fuselage pod and one 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon in a power operated dorsal turret. The Ar 232 featured a pod and boom fuselage with hydraulically operated rear loading doors and an unusual arrangement of 11 pairs of small wheels used to support the fuselage during loading and unloading. A payload of about 8000 kg could be carried.
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ARADO AR 234
The Arado Ar 234 was a German twin−jet, one−man, bomber aircraft of the Second World War. Two 890 kg thrust Junkers Jumo 004B turbojet engines provided a top speed of 740 kmh and a range of 1630 km. Armaments consisted of a maximum bomb load of 2000 kg carried on ETC 503 bomb racks beneath the engine nacelles. The Ar 234 first flown in 1943 and was brought into service late in 1944 and was used extensively on the Western Front, notably in the Battle of the Bulge and against the Remagen bridges.
ARADO AR 66 The Arado Ar 66 was a German two−seat trainer biplane developed during the early 1930s and serving with the Luftwaffe from 1933 to 1943, being used during the Second World War for night ground−attack on the Eastern Front when it was armed with 1.8 and 4 kg anti−personnel bombs. The Arado Ar 66c was powered by a 240 hp Argus As 10c 8−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 715 km.
ARADO AR 68
The Arado Ar 68 was a German single−seat fighter biplane produced during the 1930s, with some being used during the Second World War, mainly as trainer aircraft. The Arado Ar 68E was powered by a 960 hp Junkers Jumo 210 Da 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 305 kmh and a range of 415 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward firing 7.9 mm MG 17 machine−guns.
ARADO AR 96
The Arado Ar 96 was a German two−seater advanced trainer aircraft first flown in 1938 and used during the Second World War as the Luftwaffe's standard advanced trainer. The Ar 96 was powered by a 465 hp Argus As 410A−1 12 cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 330 kmh and a range of 990 km. Armaments consisted of a fixed forward firing 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−gun.
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ARMSTRONG WHITWORTH XV The Armstrong Whitworth XV (Atalanta Class) was a British passenger air−liner of the 1930's used by Imerial Airways on flights between India and Singapore and between Kenya and South Africa. The Armstrong Whitworth XV was a high−wing monoplane, with four engines providing a top speed of 125 mph. Designed to carry seventeen passengers and luggage, the actual passengers carried was usually reduced to afford greater comfort to those on board.
ARMSTRONG−WHITWORTH FK 8
The Armstrong−Whitworth FK 8 was a British reconnaissance and bomber aircraft of the Great War, entering service in 1917. It had a top speed of 98 mph. The Armstrong−Whitworth FK 8 was manned by a crew of two and armed with two machine−guns and carried 160 lbs of bombs.
AS 350 See "Ecureuil"
AS 355 See "Ecureuil 2"
AS 365 See "Aerospatiale SA 365"
AS 39 The Airspeed AS 39 Fleet Shadower was a British four−engined special observation monoplane designed for the Royal Navy to meet the requirements for a carrier−borne aircraft capable of shadowing enemy fleets during the hours of darkness during the Second World War.
AS 51
The Airspeed AS 51 Horsa was a British troop−carrier glider, first used during the invasion of Sicily. Two versions were built, the MK I and the MK II which differed in having a hinged nose for the direct loading and unloading of light ordinance and vehicles.
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AS 565 See "Aerospatiale SA 565"
ASH The AA−5 Ash is a Soviet medium range air−to−air guided missile. Early models were infra−red homing, later models use a semi−active radar guidance system. The AA−5 has a range of 20 km, increased to 65 km for the later models and a flight speed of about Mach 3. The AA−5 is armed with a 45 kg proximity and impact−fused blast/fragmentation warhead.
ASTA N22 MISSION MASTER The ASTA N22 Mission Master is an Australian short−range STOL utility transport aircraft with light attack capability that entered service in 1975. The ASTA N22 Mission Master carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 14 passengers or 3200 lbs of freight in the cabin and is powered by either two Allison 250−B17B or two Allison 250−B17C turboprops providing a top speed of 259 kmh and a range of 1107 km. The ASTA N22 Mission Master carries no fixed armaments, but has provision to carry up to 2000 lbs of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points which can include light bombs, machinegun pods or multiple launchers for 68 and 70 mm unguided rockets.
ASTA N22 SEARCH MASTER
The ASTA N22 Search Master is an Australian coastal surveillance aircraft that entered service in 1975. The ASTA N22 Search Master carries a flight crew of one or two and a mission crew of two or three in the cabin and is powered by two Allison 250−B17C turboprops providing a top speed of 310 kmh and a range of 1350 km. The ASTA N22 Search Master carries no fixed armaments, but has provision to carry up to 2000 lbs of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points which can include light bombs or machinegun pods.
ASTAR See "Ecureuil"
AT−20 The AT−20 was the American designation for the Anson II advanced trainer aircraft supplied to the USAF by the Commonwealth Joint Air Training Programme.
ATLANTIQUE ATL3 The Atlantique ATL3 is a French maritime patrol aircraft based on the Dassault Atlantic. The primary mission of the Atlantique is anti−submarine and anti−surface warfare, either autonomously or in co−operation with other forces. Secondary roles include search and rescue, mine laying and mine detection, long range maritime surveillance, environmental and economic surveillance, counter−narcotics and counter−illegal immigration operations. The Atlantique carries two pilots and a tactical crew of eight. The Atlantique ATL3 has four under−wing hard points with a total capacity of 3,500 kg for carrying missiles such as Harpoon, Maverick, HARM, Magic, Sidewinder and MICA. In addition, a large weapon bay with capacity to carry a maximum internal payload of 5,500 kg can carry a wide range of ordnance and equipment to support deployment for out of area operations. Various combinations of payloads can be loaded in the weapons bay with a choice of up to eight NATO torpedoes, two Exocet AM39 air−to−surface 26
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft missiles, four Harpoon AGM−84D air−to−surface missiles, six mines either 250 kg or 500 kg, eight anti−submarine warfare depth charges, 12 search and rescue (SAR) containers, 200 sonobuoys and 70 markers.
ATLAS CHEETAH The Atlas Cheetah is a South African single−seater multi−role fighter aircraft based on the French Mirage III but with more advanced avionics and significantly improved aerodynamics. The Atlas Cheetah is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and can carry 4000 kg of disposable stores on five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings. Various models have been made, the Cheetah EZ being powered by a SNECMA Atar 9C−3 turbojet giving a top speed of Mach 2.2.
ATLAS CSH−2 ROOIVALK
The Atlas CSH−2 Rooivalk is a South African two−seat attack helicopter developed during the 1980's, and first flown in 1990. The Atlas CSH−2 Rooivalk is powered by two Atlas Topaz turboshaft engines providing a top speed of 278 kmh. The Atlas CSH−2 Rooivalk is armed with one 20 mm Armscor GA−1 Rattler trainable cannon or one 30 mm DEFA 553 trainable cannon mounted in a turret under the nose and up to 2032 kg of disposable stores which can include Atlas Swift anti−tank missiles carried at the wing tips.
ATLAS IMPALA See "Aermacchi MB 326"
ATLAS MK I
The Armstrong Whitworth Atlas Mk I was a British attack and close support aircraft of the Second World War. It entered production in 1927 and continued to be built until 1933, finally being withdrawn from service in 1940. The Atlas Mk I was armed with one 0.303 inch Vickers Mk II synchronised, fixed, forward−firing machine−gun in the upper part of the forward upper fuselage firing through the propeller disc, and one 0.303 inch Lewis trainable, rearward firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 80 lbs of bombs could also be carried on one hard point under the wing, and generally comprised four 20 lb bombs. The Atlas Mk I had a maximum speed of 142 mph, a range of 480 miles and was manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and observer/gunner seating in tandem.
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AU−23 The Fairchild Hiller AU−23 Peacemaker is a Swiss−designed, American counter−insurgency STOL warplane with secondary light transport capability that entered service in 1968. The AU−23 carries a minimum crew of one, and optionally a co−pilot and up to ten passengers of freight in the cabin. The AU−23 is powered by a Garrett TPE331−1−101F turboprop providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 898 km. Armaments consist of one 20 mm General Electric M197 rotary three−barrel cannon or two 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun six−barrelled machine−guns on an optional pintle mounting in a cabin door, in addition up to 700 lbs of disposable stores can be carried on four under−wing hard points.
AUSTER A.O.P.9
The Auster A.O.P.9 was a British light observation aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1954 entering service with the RAF in 1955 and seeing action in Malaya where they were used in anti−guerrilla operations. The Auster A.O.P.9 was powered by a Blackburn Cirrus Bombardier 203 4−cylinder in−line piston engine providing a top speed of 204 kmh and a range of 395 km. The Auster A.O.P.9 carried a crew of two or three.
AV−8B The AV−8B (Harrier II) is an American modification of the Harrier ground attack aircraft, that entered service in 1984. The AV−8B is powered by a Rolls−Royce F402−RR−406A vectored−thrust turbofan providing a top speed of 1065 kmh and a range of 1000 km typically, depending upon load. Armaments consist of one 25 mm General Electric GAU−12/A Equaliser rotary five−barrel cannon mounted in a starboard under−fuselage pod and up to 10,800 lbs of disposable stores, depending upon operational mode, carried on one under fuselage and six under−wing hard points.
AVIA B.534 The Avia B.534 was a Czech single−seater fighter biplane of the Second World War designed by Frantisek Novotny and first flown in 1933. The Avia B.534 was powered by a 850 hp Hispano−Suiza HS 12Ydrs 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 395 kmh and a range of 580 km. Armaments consisted of four fixed 7.7 mm synchronised Model 30 machine−guns in the forward fuselage and up to six 20 kg bombs carried on under−wing Pantof racks.
AVRO 504
The Avro 504 was a British biplane developed during 1913. It was used as a light reconnaissance bomber and trainer aircraft during the Great War. It had a top speed of 95 mph and an endurance of three hours. It was manned by a crew of two and was armed with a Lewis .303 inch calibre machine−gun.
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AVRO 626
The Avro 626 was a British two−seater trainer aircraft developed during the early 1930's as a development of the earlier Avro Tutor trainer used during the Great War. The Avro 626 was powered by a Lynx IVC engine providing a top speed of 209 kmh.
AVRO CANADA CF−100 The Avro Canada CF−100 Canuck (Clunk) was a Canadian two−seater long−range all weather interceptor aircraft in service from 1953 to 1981. Various models were produced, the first, the mark 1 was first flown in 1950 and was powered by two Rolls−Royce Avon RA.2 turbojets. The first production model, the mark 3 was flown in 1953 and armed with eight 0.5 inch Browning M3 heavy machine−guns in a ventral pack. Further developments too place, until the definitive production model, the mark 5 was produced in 1954. The Mark 5 was powered by two Avro Canada 11 or Orenda 14 turbojets giving a top speed of 1047 kmh and a maximum range of 3215 km, and was fitted with two 29−tube pods at the wing tips which carried 70 mm FFAR unguided rockets rather than the earlier machine−guns.
AVRO CANADA CF−105
The Avro Canada CF−105 Arrow was a Canadian two−seater, all−weather long range supersonic interceptor jet prototyped during 1958, and then scrapped. The Avro Canada CF−105 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney J75−P−3 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.3 and was armed with eight Sparrow air−to−air missiles in an internal bay.
AVRO YORK The Avro 685 York was a British four−engined transport aircraft of the Second World War. The York was powered by four 1280 hp Rolls−Royce Merlin 24 twelve−cylinder Vee liquid−cooled engines giving it a top speed of 467 kmh and a range of 4990 km.
AVRO−MANCHESTER
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Avro−Manchester was a British heavy bomber aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by two 2000hp Rolls−vulture engines providing a top speed of 325 mph. It was armed with two power operated gun turrets, one in the nose and one on top of the fuselage and a four−gun turret in the tail.
AW 38 See "Whitley I"
AW 41 See "Albemarle"
B− B− is the American designation for bomber aircraft.
B−1B
The Rockwell B−1B Lancer is an American multi−role, long−range bomber, designed as a replacement for the B−52 and capable of flying intercontinental missions without refuelling, then penetrating present and predicted sophisticated enemy defences. It can perform a variety of missions, including that of a conventional weapons carrier for theatre operations. It has a speed over 900 mph and a ceiling of 9000 meters. It carries a crew of four (aircraft commander, pilot, offensive systems officer and defensive systems officer). The B−1B carries armament of up to 84 Mark 82 conventional 500−pound bombs and 30 CBU−87/89/97. It can also be reconfigured to carry a wide range of nuclear weapons.
B−2
The Northrop B−2 (Spirit) is an American multi−role stealth bomber capable of delivering both conventional and nuclear munitions. Along with the B−52 and B−1B, the B−2 provides the penetrating flexibility and effectiveness inherent in manned bombers. Its low−observable, or 'stealth,' characteristics give it the unique ability to penetrate an enemy's most sophisticated defences and threaten its most−valued, and heavily defended, targets. The B−2 has a crew of two pilots, an aircraft commander in the left seat and mission commander in the right, compared to the B−1B's crew of four and the B−52's crew of five. The B−2 is powered by four General Electric F−118−GE−100 engines. The B−2 carries all its weapons internally and is fitted with two separate weapons bays in the central section of the aircraft body. The B−2 has the capacity to carry up to 40,000 lb of weapons, including conventional and nuclear weapons, precision guided munitions, gravity bombs and a range of maritime weapons. Each weapons bay is equipped with a rotary launcher and two bomb rack assemblies capable of carrying the B−61 and B−83 nuclear and Mk 84 conventional bombs from the rotary rocket launcher, and Mk−82 and CBU−87 30
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft conventional weapons from the bomb rack assemblies. The B−2 can also carry the AGM−129 Advanced Cruise Missile. The aircraft is fitted with a GATS/GAM weapon system which consists of a GPS−Aided Targeting System (GATS), used with the GPS−Aided Munition (GAM), developed by Northrop Grumman and Raytheon. Sixteen satellite−guided JDAM missiles can be carried. The aircraft is also intended to be fitted with the JSOW (Joint Standoff Weapon) and Joint Air to Surface Standoff Missiles (JASSM) when these enter service.
B−25 The Mitchell B−25 was an American medium bomber used during the Second World War. It carried a crew of 5, a maximum speed of 308 mph and a service ceiling of 25400ft. It had a range of 2650 miles.
B−52 STRATOFORTRESS
The B−52 is the US Air Force long range, large payload multi−role bomber and is known as the Stratofortress or the Buff (Big Ugly Fat Fellow). It is the USAF's principal strategic nuclear and conventional weapon platform, and also supports the US Navy in anti−surface and submarine warfare missions. It is the longest serving combat aircraft in the world − 104 B−52H's were built and the last was delivered in 1962. The B−52, with a weapons payload of more than 70,000 pounds, is capable of carrying the most diverse range of weapons of any combat aircraft. The nuclear weapons capacity includes 12 AGM−129 Advanced Cruise Missiles (ACMS), 20 AGM−86A Air Launched Cruise Missiles (ALCM) and eight bombs. The conventional weapons carriage capability is eight AGM−84 Harpoon missiles, four AGM−142 Raptor missiles, 51 x 500 lb bombs, 30 x 1000 lb bombs, 20 AGM−86C Conventional Air Launched Cruise Missiles (CALCM), twelve Joint Stand Off Weapons (JSOW), twelve Joint Direct Attack Munitions (JDAM) and sixteen Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD). The B−52 can also deliver 51 500lb, 30 1000lb and 20 2000lb navy mines. The B−52H is powered by eight Pratt and Whitney type TF33−P−3 turbofan engines each providing more than 17,000 pounds of thrust. The engines are mounted in pairs on sharply raked forward pods under the 185 feet wing. The aircraft has ten internal plus two external fuel tanks with a capacity of over 181,000 litres, which gives a non−refuelled range of more than 8,600 miles. The operational range with one air refuelling is 7,500 nautical miles.
B−57 The Martin Model 272 (B−57 Canberra) was an American night intruder bomber based upon the British Canberra aircraft produced during the Korean War in response to a desire for a light bomber to attack enemy supply lines at night. The B−57 entered service in 1953 and remained in service until the mid 1980's. The B−57 was powered by two Wright J65−W−5 turbojets providing a top speed of 937 kmh and a maximum range of 950 km depending upon load. Armaments consisted of eight Colt−Browning M3 0.5 inch heavy machine−guns or four Ford M39 20 mm cannons, in the wing leading edges and up to 6000 lbs of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and on eight under−wing hard points.
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B61−11 The B61−11 is an aircraft carried, earth penetrating nuclear bomb for use against deeply buried and hardened targets.
B83 The B83 is an aircraft carried strategic free−fall nuclear bomb.
BA BA is an abbreviation for British Aerospace, a British aircraft manufacturer.
BA 146 The BA 146 Statesman is a British short−haul regional airliner also used in military service as a short−range VIP transport aircraft. The first BA 146 flew in 1981, entering service in 1983, entering military service in 1986. The BA 146 is powered by four Textron Lycoming ALF502R−5 turbofans providing a top speed of 767 kmh and a range of between 1630 and 3000 km depending upon payload.
BA BULLDOG
The British Aerospace Bulldog is a British primary flying trainer aircraft that entered service in 1971. The British Aerospace Bulldog is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A1B6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 380 kmh and a range of 1000 km. The British Aerospace Bulldog carries a crew of instructor and pupil and optionally one passenger or 100 kg of freight in the rear of the cockpit.
BA HAWK
The BA Hawk is a British two seat tandem trainer and light tactical military aircraft developed during the 1970s. The BA Hawk is powered by a Rolls−Royce/Turbomeca Adour Mk 151−01 turbofan providing a top speed of 1038 kmh and a range of 556 km depending upon load. The BA Hawk is armed with an optional 30 mm ADEN cannon and has five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing which can carry 680 of disposable stores.
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BA HAWKER HUNTER The BA Hawker Hunter is a British single−seater fighter and ground−attack aircraft that entered service in 1954. The BA Hawker Hunter is powered by a Rolls−Royce Avon RA.28 Mk 207 turbojet providing a top speed of 978 kmh and a maximum range of 715 km typically depending upon load. Armaments consist of four 30 mm Aden Mk 4 cannons in a detachable ventral pack and up to 6000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing.
BA HS 748
The British Aerospace BA HS 748 Military Transport (Andover) is a British short/medium−range utility transport aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1960 before entering service in 1962. The BA HS 748 Series 2B is powered by two Rolls−Royce Dart RDa.7 Mk 536−2 turboprops providing a top speed of 452 kmh and a range of 1455 km fully laden. The BA HS 748 Series 2B carries a flight crew of three and up to 58 troops or 48 paratroops or 24 litters plus nine attendants or 7833 kg of freight in the cabin.
BA LIGHTNING
The BA Lightning is a British single−seater interceptor and ground−attack fighter, first flown in 1959, and in service from 1960 to 1989. The BA Lightning is powered by two Rolls−Troyce Avon 210 turbojets providing a top speed of 2414 kmh and a range of 1440km. It is armed with two 30 mm Aden Mk 4 cannon in the forward portion of the ventral fuel tank fairing and up to 6000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four hard points one above and one below each wing plus provision for two air−to−air missiles or two retractable rocket−launcher packs in a lower fuselage installation.
BA STRIKEMASTER The BA Strikemaster is a British two−seater light attack and counter−insurgency aircraft that entered service in 1969. The BA Strikemaster is powered by a Rolls−Royce Viper ASV.20 Mk 535/540 turbojet providing a top speed of 834 kmh and a typical range of 400 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of two 7.62 mm FN−Browning machine−guns in the lower edges of the air inlets and up to 3000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing.
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BA VC10K The BA VC10k is a British flight refuelling tanker aircraft.
BAC 111
The BAC 111 (BAC one−eleven) is a British short/medium−range transport plane developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1965. The BAC 111 carries a crew of two and up to 89 passengers or 9647 kg of freight in the cabin. Two Rolls−Royce Spey RB.168 Mk 512DW turbofans provide a top speed of 870 kmh and a range of 3000 km typically.
BE2 The Bleriot Experimental 2 (BE2) was a British two seater reconnaissance aircraft first built in 1912, and serving during the Great War − being the first British aircraft to arrive in France during the war. Three models were made, a BE2a, BE2b and BE2c, all unarmed except the BE2c which carried two machine−guns. The BE2 had a top speed of 72 mph and an endurance of 3.25 hours.
BEAGLE BASSET The Beagle Basset was a British utility light transport and communications plane in service from 1965 to the late 1970's. The Beagle Basset carried a crew of one and up to seven passengers or 1,800 lbs of freight in the cabin. Two Rolls−Royce GIO−470−A flat−six piston engines provided a top speed of 354 kmh and a range of 1200 km typically.
BECKER GUN The Becker gun was a German aircraft gun of the Great War. It was an automatic weapon firing a small high explosive shell of 19 mm calibre at about 300 rounds per minute. Some were fitted into Gotha bombers, while about 130 were issued to German air defence units.
BEECH MODEL 100
The Beech Model 100 King Air is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft developed from the Beech Model 90 for the corporate market during the later 1960s, having more powerful engines, a reduced wing−span and lengthened fuselage and other amendments. The Beech Model 100 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−28 turboprops providing a top speed of 462 kmh and a range of 2003 km. The Beech Model 100 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 13 passengers or freight in the cabin.
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BEECH MODEL 17
The Beech Model 17 was an American unarmed four/five seat liaison and communications aircraft of the Second World War, first flown in 1934 and popular in the civilian market before the outbreak of war. The Beech Model 17 was powered by a 450 hp Pratt and Whitney R−985−AN−1 Wasp Junior radial piston engine providing a top speed of 319 kmh and a range of 805 km. Following the end of the war, the Beech Model 17 was once again built for the civilian market, production ending in 1948.
BEECH MODEL 18 See "Beechcraft Expeditor"
BEECH MODEL 200 The Beech Model 200 Super King Air is an American short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft developed from the Beech Model 100 and first flown in 1972. The Beech Model 200 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−41 turboprops providing a top speed of 499 kmh and a range of 3495 km. The Beech Model 200 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 13 passengers or 2000 lbs of freight in the cabin. Variations of the Beech Model 200 are used by the US army as the RU−21J Huron.
BEECH MODEL 23 The Beech Model 23 is an American primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison capabilities that was developed as a low−cost, economical business aircraft that first flew in 1961 and entered military service in 1970. The Beech Model C23 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A4J flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 243 kmh and a range of 1384 km. The Beech Model 23 carries a crew of two and up to two passengers or freight in the cabin.
BEECH MODEL 33
The Beech Model 33 Bonanza is an American utility light transport aircraft with primary/basic training capabilities. The Beech Model 33 was first flown in December 1945 and entered service in 1947. The Beech Model 33 carries a pilot and up to four passengers or freight in the cabin. A Teledyne Continental IO−520−B flat−six piston engine provides a top speed of 336 kmh and a range of 800 km typically.
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BEECH MODEL 400 The Beech Model 400 Beechjet T−1A (Jayhawk) is an American medium−range, twin−engine jet advanced trainer. It is used by the US Air Force's Air Education and Training Command to train student pilots to fly airlift or tanker aircraft. The Beech Model 400 has cockpit seating for an instructor and two students and four more seats within the cabin for additional students to simulate a payload, and is powered by twin Pratt and Whitney Canada JT15D−5B turbofan engines capable of an operating speed of Mach .73. The T−1A differs from its commercial counterpart with a single−point refuelling system with greater capacity and increased bird strike protection in the windshield and leading edges for sustained low−level operation.
BEECH MODEL 45
The Beech Model 45 is an American two−seater basic flying trainer aircraft that entered military service in 1954. The Beech Model A45 (T−34B Mentor) is powered by a Continental O−470−4 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 302 kmh and a range of 11238 km. The Beech Model 45 is generally unarmed, but provision is provided for two .5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns to be mounted in the wing leading edges and for light bombs or unguided rockets under the wings.
BEECH MODEL 45T The Beech Model 45T (T−34C Tormentor) is an American tandem two−seat primary trainer, light−attack and counter−insurgency aircraft developed during the 1970s. It has four under−wing hard points rated at 300 lbs and 600 lbs which can carry up to 1200 lbs of disposable stores, including two SUU−11/A pods for the 7.62 mm Minigun, four LAU−32/A pods each carrying seven 2.75 inch rockets, four LAU−59/A pods each carrying seven 2.75 inch rockets, four Mk 81 250 lb free−fall bombs or two BLU−10/B incendiary bombs.
BEECH MODEL 50
The Beech Model 50 Twin Bonanza is an American utility light transport plane first flown in 1949, entering service in 1951. The Beech Model 50 carries a pilot and up to five or six passengers (depending upon model, early models had space for five passengers, later models six) or freight in the cabin and is powered by two Textron Lycoming GO−480−G2F6 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 345 kmh and a range of 2655 km with auxiliary fuel.
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BEECH MODEL 65 The Beech Model 65 Queen Air is an American utility light transport plane first flown in 1965, entering military service in 1967 as the L−23F Seminole. The Beech Model 65 carries a pilot and up to eight passengers or freight in the cabin and is powered by two Textron Lycoming IGSO−480−A1E6 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 385 kmh and a range of 2670 km.
BEECH MODEL 65−90
The Beech Model 65 King Air (U−21A Ute) is an American short/medium−range utility light transport plane based on the Beech Model 65 but as a turbine engined version. The Beech Model 65−90 carries a pilot and co−pilot and up to ten troops, passengers or freight in the cabin and is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−20 turboprops providing a top speed of 426 kmh and a range of 1955 km fully laden.
BEECH MODEL 95−55
The Beech Model 95−55 Baron is an American utility light transport plane first flown in 1960, entering military service later that year. The Beech Model 95−55 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or freight in the cabin and is powered by two Teledyne Continental IO−520−C flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 390 kmh and a range of 1840 km.
BEECH MODEL 99
The Beech Model 99 Airliner is an American short−range utility transport plane developed during the 1960's to address the demands of the American commuter−liner industry and built on the designs of the Beech Model 65 Queen Air. The Beech Model 99 carries a pilot and co−pilot and up to 15 passengers or freight in the cabin and is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−28 turboprops providing a top speed of 37
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft 452 kmh and a range of 1887 km.
BEECHCRAFT 1900 The Beechcraft 1900 is an American regional airliner and corporate transport aircraft.
BEECHCRAFT EXPEDITOR
The Beechcraft Expeditor (Beech Model 18 or C−45) was an American built twin−engined military light personnel or utility transport aircraft of the Second World War. The British version was known as the Expeditor, the USAAF version the C−45 and the U.S. Navy version the JRB. Powered by two 450 hp Pratt & Whitney Jr R−985−AN−14B radial engines it had a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 1200 miles.
BELL Bell is an American aircraft manufacturer.
BELL 204 The Bell 204 is an American multi−role helicopter that entered service in 1960. The Bell 204 is powered by a Textron Lycoming T53−L−11 turboshaft providing a top speed of 238 kmh and a range of 615 km when fitted with auxiliary fuel. The original Bell 204 was fitted with four seats, the UH−1C military model was lengthened to carry a crew of one or two and up to eight troops or three litters and two seated casualties and one attendant or 3000 lbs of freight carried in the cabin or as a slung load. The Bell 204B can carry up to 500 kg of disposable stores on two hard points one on each side of the fuselage. The Agusta AB204 is an Italian version built under licence.
BELL 205 The Bell 205 (UH−1 Iroquois) is an American utility helicopter developed from the Bell 204 and first flown in 1961. The Bell 205 is powered by two General Electric GE T400−CP−400/401/402 turboshaft engines providing a top speed of 240 kmh and a range of 426 km. Armaments vary and include cabin−mounted guns and the facility to carry 70−mm rockets. The Bell 205 can carry a payload of 1360 kg, including 13 passengers or six litters and an attendant.
BELL 206 See "OH−58"
BELL 209 See "AH−1"
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BELL MODEL 206B The Bell Model 206B Jetranger is an American utility light helicopter developed as a five−seater civilian helicopter from the earlier Bell 206. The Bell Model 206B is powered by an Allison 250−C20J turboshaft providing a top speed of 225 kmh and a range of 748 km. The Bell Model 206B carries a flight crew of one or two and up to three passengers or two litters or two seated casualties and one attendant or 1500 lbs of freight in rear of the cabin.
BELL MODEL 212
The Bell Model 212 Twin Two−Twelve (UH−1N) is an American utility tactical light/medium helicopter developed in the 1960's from the Bell 205, entering service in 1971. The Bell Model 212 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada T400−CP−400 turboshaft providing a top speed of 259 kmh and a range of 420 km. The Bell Model 212 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 14 troops, or six litters plus one attendant or 4000 lbs of freight in the cabin or 5000 lbs of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for one or two 0.5 inch or 7.62 mm machine−guns to be pintle−mounted in the cabin doors and machine−gun pods or multiple unguided rocket launchers to be mounted on the sides of the fuselage.
BELL MODEL 214 The Bell Model 214 BigLifter is an American utility medium helicopter in service since 1975. The Bell Model 214 is powered by a Textron Lycoming T5508D turboshaft providing a top speed of 259 kmh. The Bell Model 214 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 18 passengers or 7000 lbs of freight in the cabin or freight carried as a slung load.
BELL MODEL 214ST The Bell Model 214ST Super Transport is an American utility medium helicopter in service since 1982. The Bell Model 214ST is powered by two General Electric CT7−2A turboshaft providing a top speed of 259 kmh and a range of 858 km. The Bell Model 214ST carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 18 passengers or 7700 lbs of freight in the cabin or freight carried as a slung load.
BELL MODEL 222
The Bell Model 222 is an American utility light helicopter developed during the 1970's entering service in 1988. The Bell Model 222 is powered by two Textron Lycoming LTS101−750C−1 turboshafts providing a top speed of 289 kmh and a range of 532 km. The Bell Model 222 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to ten passengers or freight in the cabin. 39
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BELL MODEL 406 The Bell Model 406 Combat Scout is an American light observation, scout and attack helicopter first flown in June 1974. The Bell Model 406 is a downgraded export version of the OH−58, and is powered by an Allison 250−C30U turboshaft providing a top speed of 241 kmh and a range of 404 km. The Bell Model 406 carries a crew of two and up to 680 kg of freight as a slung load and up to 500 lbs of disposable stores carried on two hard points, one on each side of the fuselage.
BELL MODEL 412 The Bell Model 412 is an American utility light/medium helicopter developed as an upgraded model of the Bell Model 212 and first flown in 1979, entering service in 1981. The Bell Model 412 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6T−3B−1 Turbo Twin Pac coupled turboshaft providing a top speed of 259 kmh and a range of 695 km fully laden. The Bell Model 412 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 14 passengers or six litters plus one attendant or 4000 lbs of freight in the cabin or 4500 lbs of freight carried as a slung load.
BELL MODEL 47 The Bell Model 407 (H−13 Sioux) is an American utility light helicopter first flown in 1945, entering service in 1946. The Bell Model 407 is powered by a Textron Lycoming VO−540−B1B3 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 143 kmh and a range of 416 km. The Bell Model 407 carries a crew of one and up to two passengers or freight in the cabin or freight carried as a slung load. Some variations were fitted with litter panniers each side of the fuselage and used for medical evacuation by the US army.
BELL P−39 The Bell P−39 Airacobra was an American single−seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War designed around a 37mm T−9 cannon which, in order to maximize the airplane's forward firepower, was fitted to fire through the propeller hub. In order for the cannon to fit inside the nose, the engine was placed behind the cockpit, and drove the propeller via a long shaft which passed under the pilot's feet. The centre−of−gravity shift caused by the engine's location resulted in the need for a tricycle landing gear arrangement, the first of it's kind among Second World War fighters. The P−39 entered service in 1939 and was powered by a 1200hp Allison V−1710−83 inline piston engine providing a top speed of 386 mph and a range of 1040 km. Armaments consisted of one 37mm T9 cannon; two 0.5 inch machine−guns; four 0.3 inch machine−guns and one 500 lb bomb.
BELL P−59 The Bell P−59 Airacomet was an American single−seat jet fighter aircraft developed during the Second World War, but not proceeded with past the evaluation stage as it proved to have inadequate performance and armaments. The Bell P−59 was powered by two 907 kg thrust General Electric J31−GE5 turbojets providing a top speed of 658 kmh and a range of 644 km. Armaments consisted of one 37 mm M4 cannon and three 0.5 inch machine−guns in the nose.
BELL P−63
The Bell Model 33 (P−63 Kingcobra) was an American fighter aircraft used for close−support and attack roles during the Second World War. The P−63 was designed as a successor to the Bell P−39 Airacobra and work started in 1941, with the first test flight occurring in 1943. The plane was delivered to the USAAF in October 1943. The P−63 was armed with one 37mm M10 fixed forward−firing cannon in a moteur−canon 40
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft installation, two 0.5 inch Browning M2 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the upper side of the forward fuselage firing through the propeller and two 0.5 inch Browning M2 fixed forward−firing machine−guns on under−wing gondolas. Additionally, 1500 lbs of bombs or six 5 inch HVAR rockets could be carried on hard points under the wings. The P−63 had a top speed of 410 mph and a typical range of 725 km, rising to 4145 km with drop tanks fitted.
BERIEV A−40 The Beriev A−40 Albatross (Mermaid) is a Soviet maritime reconnaissance and anti−submarine flying boat that entered service in 1992 and is the largest amphibian aircraft ever built. The Beriev A−40 is powered by two PNPP D−30KPV turbofans providing a top speed of 650 kmh and a range of 4100 km depending upon load. The Beriev A−40 carries a crew of eight. The Beriev A−40 has no fixed armaments but can carry up to 6500 kg of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay.
BERIEV BE−10 The Beriev Be−10 ('Mallow') was a Soviet bomber seaplane first designed for maritime reconnaissance and flown in 1961. The Beriev Be−10 was powered by two AL−7RV turbojets providing a top speed of 901 kmh and a range of 2415 km. The Beriev Be−10 carried a crew of four or five and was armed with four 23 mm cannons and up to 5000 kg of disposable stores.
BERIEV BE−12 The Beriev BE−12 (Mail) is a Soviet maritime reconnaissance and anti−submarine flying boat that was developed as a turboprop evolution of the Beriev Be−6 and entered service around 1964. The Beriev BE−12 is powered by two ZMDB Progress AI−20D turboprops providing a top speed of 608 kmh and a range of 4000 km or an endurance of 15 hours. The Beriev BE−12 is manned by a flight crew of three or four and a mission crew of three or four carried in the fuselage. The Beriev BE−12 has no fixed armaments but can carry up to 5000 kg of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and on four under−wing hard points.
BERIEV BE−6
The Beriev Be−6 was a Soviet reconnaissance flying boat developed during the late 1940's, and in service from 1949 to the 1960's. The Beriev Be−6 was powered by twp Shvetsov Ash−73TKs 18−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 415 kmh and a range of 4900 km. The Beriev Be−6 carried a crew of seven and was armed with five 23 mm cannons and could carry up to 4000 kg of bombs.
BK 117 The BK 117 is a German and Japanese multi−purpose eight to twelve seater helicopter. Two Lycoming LTS 101−750B−1 turboshafts provide a top speed of 278 kmh and endurance of 2.4 hours flying time or a range of 570 km. The BK 117 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 11 passengers or freight carried in the cabin.
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BLACK HAWK See "UH−60"
BLACKBIRD See "SR−71"
BLACKBURN BEVERLEY The Blackburn Beverley C1 was a British transport aircraft first flown in 1950, entering service in 1953. The Blackburn Beverley was the first British military transport aircraft designed specifically to drop bulky and heavy cargo to enter RAF service. The Blackburn Beverley was powered by four Bristol Centaurus 273 18−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 383 kmh and a range of 2090 km. The Blackburn Beverley carried a flight crew of four and up to 94 passengers or 45000 lbs of freight in an upper fuselage and lower fuselage cargo bay.
BLACKBURN PERTH The Blackburn Perth was a British three−engined biplane flying−boat of the 1930's. The Blackburn Perth was powered by three Rolls−Royce Buzzard IMS engines providing a top speed of 213 kph and a range of 1600 km fully laden and carried a crew of six. Military versions had armaments consisting of five machine guns and a payload of 900 kg of bombs.
BLACKJACK See "Tu−160"
BLERIOT Louis Bleriot made the first crossing of the English channel in an aircraft. The aircraft was his monoplane and the crossing took place on July 25th 1909.
BLG 66 BELOUGA The Matra/Thomson BLG 66 Belouga is a French air−launched cluster bomb developed in the 1970s as a replacement for the Giboulee cluster bomb. The Belouga carries 152 66 mm bomblets which are of three types: general purpose fragmentation for use against vehicles, parked aircraft and dumps; HEAT for use against AFVs; interdiction for use against airfields, harbours and marshalling yards.
BLOCH MB 131
The Bloch MB 131 was a French reconnaissance bomber in service from 1938 to 1943. The Bloch MB 131 was powered by two Gnome−Rhone 14N−10/11 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 350 kmh and a range of 1000 km. The Bloch MB 131 carried a crew of four and was armed with one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable forward−firing machine−gun in the nose, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable machine−gun in the dorsal turret, and one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the ventral position and up to 800 kg of bombs in a lower−fuselage weapons bay. 42
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BLOCH MB 174 The Bloch MB 174 was a French light reconnaissance bomber of the Second World War that saw service with the Vichy French air force after the occupation of France. The Bloch MB 174 was powered by two Gnome−Rhone 14N−48/49 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 530 kmh and a range of 1285 km, depending upon payload. The Bloch MB 174 carried a crew of three and was armed with two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 M39 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the wing leading edges, two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable rearward−firing machine−guns on a SAMM AB−68 mounting in the dorsal position and three 7.5 mm MAC 1934 M39 trainable rearward−firing machine−guns in the ventral position, and up to 400 kg of bombs in a lower−fuselage weapons bay.
BO 105 The Messerschmitt−Bolkow−Blohm (MBB) BO 105 is a series of utility helicopters, first flown in 1967 and was the world's first series−produced twin−turboshaft helicopter. In 1975 an improved model, the BO 105CB was released with Allison 250−C20B turboshafts, used by the Swedish army as an anti−tank helicopter, armed with eight BGM−71 TOW missiles, and by other nations in a maritime version. The BO 105 is manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and weapons operator sitting side−by−side.
BO 105L The BO 105l is a German five/six−seat light utility helicopter variant of the BO 105 series.
BOEING Boeing are an American aircraft manufacturer.
BOEING 247 The Boeing Model 247 was an American airliner first flown in 1933. The Boeing Model 247 was a cantilever, low−wing monoplane of all metal construction with twin engines, retractable landing gear and carried a crew of three and ten passengers. The was the first airliner to introduce pneumatic de−icing boots on the wing, tail plane and fin leading edges to prevent ice accretion from reaching a dangerous level. The Boeing Model 247 was powered by two 600 hp Pratt & Whitney R−1340−An−1 Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 322 kmh and a range of 1199 km. During the Second World War the USAAF borrowed several Boeing Model 247 airliners for secondary transport roles under the designation C−73.
BOEING 307
The Boeing 307 Stratoliner was an American civil airliner developed at the same time as the Boeing B−17 and designed to have common components as the military bomber. The Boeing 307 had accommodation for a crew of five and 33 passengers, and was powered by four 900 hp Wright GR−1820 Cyclone radial piston engines providing a top speed of 396 kmh and a range of 3846 km. The Boeing 307 was the world's first high−altitude aircraft, a pressurised cabin allowing it to cruise at 23000 feet above turbulence. In 1942 the USAAF took over TWA's Boeing 307s and used them for long−range VIP transport aircraft for the highest ranking civilian and military personnel under the designation C−75, before returning the aircraft to civilian use after the war.
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BOEING 707 The Boeing 707 was the first American turbojet airliner and revolutionized post−Second World War air transport. The 707 was launched by Pan Am in 1958 and had a cruising speed of over 500 mph and a range of 4000 miles. Various models were made, the original series carrying 180 passengers were used for domestic flights. Later stretch models (the 707−300) carrying 219 passengers were used for intercontinental flights.
BOEING 727 The Boeing 727 is an American short/medium−range airliner developed during the 1950s and first flown in 1963 and produced until 1984. Two models were produced, the 727−100 which could carry 70 first class or 129 economy class passengers or a mixture of 28 first class and 66 economy passengers, and was powered by three Pratt and Whitney JT8D−1 turbofans providing a top speed of 1019 kmh and a range of 5520 km. The later model 727−200 was powered by three Pratt and Whitney JT8D−9A turbofans providing a top speed of 1001 kmh and a range of 4003 km but could carry an increased load of 189 passengers or 40000 lbs of freight.
BOEING 737 The Boeing 737 is an American short−haul commercial airliner. It was introduced into service in 1967 based upon the earlier Boeing 727, and the design was such that maximum use could be made of the Boeing 727 tooling and components to keep initial costs low. The Boeing 737 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney JT8D−9 turbofans (designed for the Boeing 727) providing a top speed of 943 kmh and a range of 4181 km.
BOEING 747
The Boeing 747 (Jumbo jet) is an American long−haul commercial airliner. The 747−100 was first flown in 1969 and the 747−200 in 1971 and the 747−300 was first flown in 1982 and carries a flight crew of three and up to 69 passengers six−abreast on the upper deck and 415 passengers in a basic mixed class accommodation sitting nine−abreast. The 747 has a cruising speed of 939 kmh and a range of approximately 12,000 km depending upon load.
BOEING 757 The Boeing 757 is an American short/medium−haul commercial airliner. The first model was flown in 1982. The aeroplane is crewed by three people and carries accommodation for up to 239 passengers. The 757−200 has a cruising speed of 917 kmh and a range of approximately 8000 km depending upon load.
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BOEING 767 The Boeing 767 is an American medium−haul commercial airliner. Depending on configuration it carries between 218 and 351 passengers. The Boeing 767 is produced with Pratt & Whitney PW4000 or General Electric 80C2 or Rolls Royce RB211−514G/H engines provide a cruising speed of 854 kmh.
BOEING B−17 The Boeing B−17 (Flying Fortress) was an American long−range medium bomber/reconnaissance aircraft used during the Second World War. It carried a crew of nine or ten and was powered by four 1200 hp turbocharged Wright R−1820−97 Cyclone radial piston engines providing a top speed of 462 kmh and a range of 3219 km. Armaments consisted of thirteen 0.5 inch machine−guns and up to 7984 kg of bombs.
BOEING B−29 The Boeing B−29 Superfortress was an American ten seat long−range strategic bomber/reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War. The Boeing B−29 was powered by four 2200 hp Wright R−3350−23−23A/−41 Cyclone 18 turbocharged radial piston engines providing a top speed of 576 kmh and a range of 5230 km. Armaments consisted of two 0.5 inch machine−guns in each of four remotely−controlled power−operated turrets, and three 0.5 inch machine−guns or two 0.5 inch machine−guns and one 20 mm cannon in the tail turret, and a bomb load of up to 9072 kg.
BOEING B−314
The Boeing B−314 was an American flying boat designed in the 1930s on behalf of Pan American Airways for a transatlantic service. The Boeing B−314A carried 74 passengers in four separate cabins, and was powered by four 1600 hp Wright R−2600 Cyclone 14 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 311 kmh and a range of 5633 km. During the Second World War, the USAAF and the US Navy requisitioned several Boeing B−314s, the Army designating them C−98.
BOEING B−47 The Boeing B−47 Stratojet was an American bomber aircraft produced from 1946 to 1957. The Boeing B−47 was powered by six General Electric J47−GE−25 turbojets providing a top speed of 975 kmh and a range of 6435 km. The Boeing B−47E carried a crew of three and armaments consisting of two 20 mm cannons and a payload of 20000 lbs of bombs carried in a fuselage bomb−bay.
BOEING B−50 The Boeing B−50 Superfortress was an American ten seat long−range strategic bomber developed after the Second World War as a successor modification to the Boeing B−29. The main variant built was the B−50D which remained in service until the 1960s. The B−50D was powered by four Pratt and Whitney R−4360−35 Wasp Majors 28−cylinder air−cooled radial engines providing a top speed of 611 kmh and a range of 7880 km. The B−50D was armed with twelve machineguns, one 20 mm cannon and carried a payload of 20,000 lb of bombs.
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BOEING HORNET The Boeing F/A−18A/C Hornet is an American single−seater carrier borne and land−based fighter and strike attack aircraft first flown in 1978, entering service in 1983. The Boeing Hornet is powered by two General Electric F404−GE−402 turbofans providing a top speed of 1915 kmh and a range of 1065 km. The Boeing Hornet is armed with an internal 20−mm M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel cannon and can carry up to 15500 lbs of disposable stores including B57 and B61 nuclear free−fall bombs.
BOEING KC−135 The Boeing KC−135 (Stratotanker) is an American flight refuelling tanker based on the Boeing 707 airframe and was the first totally jet powered in−flight refuelling aircraft. It's primary mission is to refuel long−range bombers. It also provides aerial refuelling support to Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps and allied aircraft. Fuel is carried in six wing and four fuselage tanks. All but 1,000 gallons can be pumped via an extendable boom at the rear of the aircraft into waiting receivers. Aircraft being refuelled line up following rows of lights on the underside of the KC−135. The boom operator lies in a prone position and will fly the boom into the receiving aircraft's fuel receptacle. Eighty troops or 25 tons of cargo can also be carried in the main fuselage. The KC−135R is powered by four CFM International CFM−56 turbofans providing a maximum speed of 600 mph and a range of 6440 km.
BOEING MODEL 367 STRATOFREIGHTER The Boeing Model 367 Stratofreighter was an American in−flight refuelling tanker and transport aircraft developed during the Second World War as a transport version of the Boeing B−29 bomber. The Boeing Model 367 Stratofreighter entered service with the military in 1949 and was withdrawn in 1977 after several variations had been produced, the C−97, HC−97 and KC−97 families. The KC−97G variant was a dual in−flight refuelling tanker and transport and was powered by four Pratt and Whitney R−4360−59B radial piston engines providing a top speed of 603 kmh and a range of 6920 km. The KC−97G carried a flight crew of five and up to 96 troops or 69 litters in the cabin in addition to two external fuel tanks.
BOEING P−26 The Boeing P−26 was an American single−seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War. The Boeing P−26 was developed during the early 1930s, and first flown in 1932. By the time the USA entered the Second World War the Boeing P−26 had been retired from front line service, but saw action at Pear Harbour and with the Philippine Army Air Force. The Boeing P−26 was powered by a 500 hp Pratt & Whitney R−1340−27 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 377 kmh and a range of 579 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed 0.5 inch machine−guns or one 0.5 inch and one 0.3 inch machine−gun.
BOEING VERTOL MODEL 107 The Boeing Vertol Model 107 (CH−46 Sea Knight) is an American utility and assault transport medium helicopter developed in the late 1950's for the civilian market, but with provision for being adapted as a military helicopter. The Boeing Vertol Model 107 entered military service in 1964 as the CH−46 Sea Knight. Various models were produced, the CH−46E being the standard model powered by two General Electric T58−GE−16 turboshafts providing a top speed of 256 kmh and a range of 1020 km. The CH−46E carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 25 troops or 7000 lbs of freight carried in the hold or as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is made for two 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M2 heavy machine−guns pintle−mounted in the two forward doors.
BOREL The Borel was a French monoplane designed by Leon Morane, built by the Borel firm and used by Jules Vedrines in 1911.
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BOSTON MK III
The Boston MK III was an American built, primarily British used (Australia, France, the Netherlands and Russia also used a few variants of the DB−7) variation of the Douglas DB−7 light attack bomber of the Second World War in service from 1940 to 1946. The Boston Mk III carried a crew of four comprising a pilot in an enclosed cockpit, bombardier/gunner in the glazed nose, radio operator/ gunner in the fuselage and a gunner in the dorsal position. Two Wright GR−2600−A5B Double Cyclone radial piston engines each rated at 1600 hp provided the Boston Mk III with a top speed of 320 mph and a typical range of 1995 km, depending upon weapon load. The Boston Mk III was armed with four 0.303 inch Browning fixed forward−firing machine−guns on the sides of the forward fuselage, two 0.303 inch Browning trainable machine−guns in the dorsal position and one 0.303 inch Vickers 'K' trainable machine−gun in the ventral position. Up to 2000 lb of disposable stores could be carried in two lower fuselage weapon bays each rated at 1000 lb and generally comprising four 500 lb or eight 250 lb bombs. The Boston Mk III was ordered by the RAF to satisfy a requirement for a fast daylight bomber, and Douglas designed the aircraft as the DB−7B with some modifications including; improved self−sealing fuel tanks, additional armour plating, increased glazing in the bombardier nose, various strengthening features and improved fuel consumption.
BRE 693AB 2 The Breguet Bre 693AB 2 was a French attack and close support aircraft of the Second World War. The Bre 693AB 2 was first flown in March 1940 and was withdrawn from service in 1943. The aircraft had a top speed of 295 mph and a range of 1350 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm Hispano−Suiza 404 fixed forward−firing cannon and two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the nose, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed obliquely rearward−firing machine−gun in the ventral position two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed obliquely downward and rearward−firing machine−guns in the rear of the engine nacelles of later aircraft and one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun on an Alkan 220 or Alkan 224 mounting in the dorsal position. 400 kg of bombs (typically eight 50 kg bombs) were also carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay.
BREDA BA 64 The Breda Ba 64 was an Italian ground−attack and tactical reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War, serving from 1936 until 1943. The cantilever, low−wing monoplane was of all metal construction with a wire−braced tail unit and was manned by a crew of two comprised of a pilot and an observer/gunner seated in tandem. The Breda Ba 64 was armed with two 12.7 mm Breda−SAFAT fixed, forward−firing machine−guns and two 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT fixed, forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings, and one 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT trainable machine−gun in the rear cockpit. In addition, up to 544 kg of stores could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay rated at 400 kg and on two under−wing hard points. The Breda Ba 64 had a top speed of 217 mph and a maximum range of 1500 km without a load and a typical range of 900 km.
BREDA BA 65 The Breda Ba 65 was a single−seater Italian ground−attack aircraft of the Second World War serving from 1937 until the late 1940s. The Breda Ba 65 was armed with two 12.7 mm Breda−SAFAT fixed, forward−firing machine−guns and two 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT fixed, forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings. In addition, up to 1000 kg of stores could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay rated at 1000 kg and on four under−wing hard points. The Breda Ba 65 had a top speed of 258 mph and a typical range of 750 km supplied by a single radial piston engine rated at 900 hp.
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BREDA BA 88
The Breda Ba 88 Lince was an Italian attack and close−support aircraft of the Second World War. The prototype flew in 1936, breaking two world speed−over−distance records, and again in 1937 the aircraft increased the records. The aircraft was first used operationally to attack French airfields in Corsica during 1940, but the operational results were poor, with the aircraft only capable of reaching half the speed of the prototypes. The aircraft was withdrawn from service in September 1943. The Ba 88 was armed with three 12.7 mm Breada−SAFAT fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the nose and one 12. 7mm Breda−SAFT trainable machine−gun in the observer/gunner's position. 1000 kg of bombs could also be carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay. The Ba 88 had a top speed of 304 mph and a range of 1640 km.
BREWSTER BUFFALO See "Brewster F2A"
BREWSTER F2A The Brewster F2A (Brewster Buffalo) was an American fighter aircraft of the Second World War designed for the US Navy for use on aircraft carriers. A number of the land based variant were used by the British in the Far East under the name of the Brewster Buffalo (or beer barrel as it was also called). However, the F2A was no match for the Japanese Zero and was withdrawn from service. The F2A was powered by a 1,200−hp Wright R−1820−40 Cyclone radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 321 mph and a range of 1545 km. Armaments consisted of four forward−firing 0.5−inch machine−guns and two 100−pound bombs.
BREWSTER SB2A The Brewster SB2A Buccaneer was an American two−seat land or carrier−based scout−bomber aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1941. The Brewster SB2A was powered by a 1700 hp Wright R−2600−8 Cyclone radial piston engine providing a top speed of 441 kmh and a range of 2696 km. Armaments consisted of two 0.5 inch fuselage−mounted machine−guns, two 0.30 inch machine−guns mounted in the wings and two 0.30 inch machine−guns on a flexible mount in the aft cockpit, and a bomb load of up to 1000 lb. The Brewster SB2A was also used by the British RAF.
BREWSTER SBN
The Brewster SBN was an American two−seat carrier−based scout−bomber/trainer aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1936. The Brewster SBN was powered by a 950 hp Wright XR−1820−22 Cyclone 48
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft radial piston engine providing a top speed of 409 kmh and a range of 1633 km. Armaments consisted of one 0.303 inch gun on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit and a bomb load of 500 lb carried internally.
BRISTOL BEAUFORT The Bristol Beaufort was a British torpedo−bomber of the Second World War. It was designed in 1937 to combine two Air Ministry requirements; one for a general reconnaissance bomber, and one for a land−based torpedo−bomber. The prototype flew in 1938 and the first production aircraft in 1939. The original Beaufort (Beaufort I) was fitted with two Bristol Taurus II or VI fourteen−cylinder engines and was armed with a 0.303 inch machine−gun in the nose of the fuselage and one 0.303 inch machine−gun in a dorsal turret. Later models were fitted with two nose machine−guns, two guns in a power−operated dorsal turret and two side guns, and in some models a backward−firing gun in a blister under the nose of the fuselage with a periscopic sight and remote control. The Beaufort had a top speed of 370 kmh armed with a torpedo and a range of 2333 km.
BRISTOL BLENHEIM
The Bristol Blenheim was a British twin−engined day bomber and long−range fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by two 920hp Bristol Mercury XV 9−cylinder engines giving a top speed of 295 mph. It was armed with one forward−firing gun in the port wing and one gun in a retractable hydraulic gun turret on top of the fuselage. When used as a fighter the armament was increased by four guns mounted in the nose.
BRISTOL BOMBAY The Bristol Bombay was a British troop carrier aircraft of the Second World War, serving from 1939 until 1944. It was a high wing monoplane powered by two 1000 HP engines and was armed with nose and tail gun turrets. Although designed as a troop carrier, the Bombay was also used as a bomber and as an air−ambulance.
BRISTOL BRIGAND
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Bristol Type 164 Brigand was a British light attack bomber aircraft. It entered service in 1949 as a replacement for the Bristol Blenheim and was withdrawn in 1958. The Bristol Type 164 Brigand was manned by a crew of three and had a top speed of 358 mph and a typical range of 3186 km. The Bristol Type 164 Brigand was armed with four Hispano Mk II cannon in the underside of the forward fuselage and could carry 2000 lbs of bombs on three hard points, one under each wing and one under the fuselage.
BRISTOL BRITANNIA The Bristol Type 175 Britannia was a British airliner developed during the 1940s in response to a requirement from BOAC for an airliner for its medium−range Empire routes, and was adopted by the British military in 1959, remaining in service until 1975. The Bristol Britannia was powered by four Rolls−Royce (Bristol Siddeley) Proteus Mk 255 turboshafts providing a top speed of 639 kmh and a range of 6868 km fully laden. The civilian version had accommodation for 90 passengers, the military version, the Britannica C Mk 1, accommodation for 113 troops or 53 litters and six attendants or 37400 lbs of freight and a flight crew of four.
BRISTOL BULLDOG
The Bristol Bulldog was a British single−seater fighter biplane of the 1930's. The Bristol Bulldog IIA was powered by a Bristol Jupiter VIIF radial piston engine providing a top speed of 280 kph and a range of 483 km. Armaments consisted of two Vickers machine guns and four 20 lb bombs.
BRISTOL FIGHTER The Bristol F2b Fighter was a British manoeuvrable, heavily armed two−seater fighter/bomber biplane designed by Frank S Barnwell. It had a top speed of 123 mph and an endurance of three hours. Manned by a crew of two, the Bristol Fighter was armed with a synchronized, forward−firing Vicker's machine−gun and two or three Lewis machine−guns on a Scarff ring in the rear cockpit. It could also carry 240 lb of bombs.
BRISTOL M1C
The Bristol M1c was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War, entering service in 1917. It had a top speed of 130 mph and an endurance of 1.75 hours. It was armed with a single machine−gun.
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BRISTOL SCOUT
The Bristol Scout was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War. In March 1916, the Bristol Scout D became the first British fighter aircraft to be armed with a synchronized machine−gun. However, it was soon outdated by more efficient designs, and was withdrawn from service in the summer of 1916 and used as a trainer. It had a top speed of 100 mph and was armed with a single machine gun.
BRISTOL TYPE 170 FREIGHTER
The Bristol Type 170 Freighter was a British short−range utility transport aircraft developed during the end of the Second World War as both a civilian and military transport aircraft, entering military service in 1947 before being withdrawn in the 1970s. The Bristol Type 170 Freighter Mk 21 was powered by two Bristol Hercules Mk 672 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 362 kmh and a range of 1448 km. The Bristol Type 170 Freighter Mk 21 carried a flight crew of three and up to 52 passengers or freight in the hold, the earlier Bristol Type 170 Freighter Mk 1A carried just 16 passengers.
BRITTEN−NORMAN DEFENDER The Britten−Norman Defender is a British military short−range utility transport aircraft, forming the military version of the Britten−Norman Islander. The Britten−Norman Defender is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO−540−K1B5 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 339 kmh and a range of 1136 km. It carries up to 2300 lbs of disposable stores on four hard points, two under each wing.
BRITTEN−NORMAN ISLANDER The Britten−Norman Islander is a British twin−engined light transport plane. It can carry up to 10 passengers, seated in bench seats. The Islander is manufactured by Britten−Norman Ltd, and is powered by two 260bhp Lycoming O−540 engines giving a speed of 169mph.
BUCCANEER The Hawker Siddeley Buccaneer was a British two−seater strike aircraft that entered service in 1963 before being withdrawn in 1977. The Buccaneer was powered by either two de Havilland Gyron 101 turbojets or two Rolls−Royce RB.168 Spey Turbofans providing a top speed of 1158 kmh and a range of 964 km fully laden, 3700 km empty. Armaments consisted of up to 8000 lbs of disposable stores carried in a rotating bomb bay and on four under−wing hard points.
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BUCKER BU 131
The Bucker Bu 131 (Jungmann) was a German two−seater primary trainer biplane of the Second World War also used as an auxiliary ground−attack plane on the Eastern Front. The BU 131B was powered by a 105 hp Hirth HM 504 A−2 4−cylinder inverted inline piston engine providing a top speed of 183 kmh and a range of 650 km. When used in a combat role, the BU 131 carried 1 and 2 kg bombs.
BUCKER BU 133 The Bucker Bu 133 (Jungmeister) was a highly aerobatic German single−seater advanced trainer biplane of the Second World War. The Bu 133C was powered by a 160 hp Siemens Sh 14A−4 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 500 km.
BUCKER BU 180 The Bucker BU 180 (Student) was a German two−seat primary training monoplane of the Second World War. The aircraft was powered by a Walter Mikron II or Zundapp four−cylinder in−line inverted air−cooled engine delivering between 50 and 60 hp and giving the aircraft a top speed of 109 mph and a cruising speed of 99 mph and a range of 650 km.
BUCKER BU 181 The Bucker Bu 181 (Bestmann) was a German two−seater primary trainer aircraft of the Second World War. The Bu 181A was powered by a 105 hp Hirth HM 504 4−cylinder inverted inline piston engine providing a top speed of 215 kmh and a range of 800 km.
BV 138
The Blohm and Voss Bv 138 was a German reconnaissance flying−boat of the Second World War. The prototype of the Bv 138 was built about 1938 and the design adapted for service use. As a reconnaissance flying−boat it was in general use throughout the Second World War, during the later stages of the war operating from bases in Norway over the North Sea and from Germany over the Baltic. It was powered by three engines, and had wings in a high−wing cantilever monoplane arrangement. Armament was comprised of a 20 mm MG 151/20 in the nose turret; one 13 mm MG 131 in the upper rear position; one 20 mm MG 151/20 in the lower rear turret and could also carry up to six 50 kg bombs, four depth−charges or two sea mines. Performance was a maximum speed at sea level of 272 kmh and a maximum range of 3200 km. 52
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C− C− is the American Navy and Air Force designation for transport or cargo aircraft.
C−17 The C−17 (Globemaster III) is an American cargo and troop transport aircraft built by the McDonnell Douglas Corporation and first deployed in 1993. It is powered by four Pratt and Whitney F117−PW−100 turbofan engines giving a maximum speed of 500 mph and a service Ceiling of 45,000 feet at cruising speed. It carries a crew of three, two pilots and one loadmaster and a cargo of 102 troops/paratroops; or 48 litter and 54 ambulatory patients and attendants or 76,644 kg of cargo in 18 pallet positions.
C−45 See "Beechcraft Expeditor"
C−73 See "Boeing 247"
C−75 See "Boeing 307"
C−78 See "Cessna Model T−50"
C−9 The McDonnell Douglas C−9 (Nightingale) is an American twin−engine, T−tailed, medium−range, swept−wing jet aircraft used primarily for Air Mobility Command's aero−medical evacuation mission. The C−9 is a modified version of the McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Corporation's DC−9. It is the only aircraft in the USAF inventory specifically designed for the movement of litter and ambulatory patients.. It is powered by two Pratt and Whitney JT8D−9A turbofan engines giving a speed of 565 mph and a range of 2000 miles.
C−98 See "Boeing B−314"
C4M KUDU The Atlas C4M Kudu was an Italian−designed South African utility light transport plane developed during the 1970's, entering service in 1976 until it was withdrawn during the 1990's. The C4M Kudu was an all−metal, braced, high−wing monoplane with fixed tail wheel landing gear fitted with low−pressure tyres for operation from unprepared landing strips. The C4M Kudu carried a crew of one or two and up to six passengers or 560 kg of freight in the cabin. A Piaggio GSO−480−B1B3 flat−six piston engine provided a top speed of 305 kmh and a range of 740 km typically.
CA 135 The Caproni Bergamaschi Ca 135 was an Italian medium bomber of the Second World War. The Ca 135 was powered by two 1000 hp Piaggio P.XI RC.40 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 440 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments consisted of three 12.7 mm machine−guns in the nose, dorsal and ventral turrets plus up to 1600 kg of bombs.
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CA 309
The Caproni Bergamaschi Ca 309 (Ghibli) was an Italian general−purpose/light reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The ca 309 was powered by two 200 hp Alfa Romeo 115−II 6−cylinder inverted inline piston engines providing a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 670 km. Armaments consisted of two 7.7 mm machine−guns in the wing leading edges and one 7.7 mm machine−gun on a flexible mount in the nose, plus 335 kg of bombs.
CA 314 The Caproni Bergamaschi Ca 314 was an Italian convoy escort and maritime patrol aircraft of the Second World War. The Ca 314A was powered by two 730 hp Isotta−Fraschini Delta RC.35 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 395 kmh and a range of 1690 km. Armaments consisted of two 12.7mm machine−guns in the wing roots and one 7.7 mm machine−gun in a dorsal turret and a payload of 500 kg of bombs. A torpedo−bomber variant, the Ca 314RA carried a 900 kg torpedo or one 500 kg bomb or two 250 kg bombs. A ground attack variant, the Ca 314C carried an additional pair of 12.7 mm Breda−SAFAT machine−guns beneath the wing roots.
CA−27 SABRE The Commonwealth Aircraft CA−27 Sabre (Avon−Sabre) was an Australian single−seater fighter aircraft based on the American F−86 Sabre. The CA−27 was designed as a replacement for the Australian Air Force's Gloster Meteor fighters, which by the 1950s had become obsolete. The CA−27 was in service from 1956 to 1983, and was powered by a Commonwealth Aircraft Avon RA.7 Mk 26 turbojet (built under license from Rolls−Royce) providing a top speed of 1127 kmh and a maximum range of 1853 km with drop tanks. Fixed armaments consisted of two 30 mm calibre Aden Mk 4 cannons in the sides of the forward fuselage. Four under−wing hard points could also carry 2000 lbs of disposable stores including AIM−9 air−to−air missiles, free−fall bombs and clusters of unguided rockets.
CAC J−711 The CAC J−711 is a Chinese fighter and close support aircraft. A Chengdu WP7B(BM) turbojet engine provides a top speed of Mach 2.5 and a range of 1740 km. The J−711 is armed with one 23 mm type 23−2 cannon and four hard points.
CANADAIR CL−13 SABRE The Canadair CL−13 Sabre was a Canadian single−seater fighter aircraft based on the American F−86 Sabre, in service from 1951 to the late 1960s. The Cl−13 Sabre mark 5 was powered by an Avro Canada Orenda 10 turbojet giving a top speed of 974 kmh and a maximum range of 1963 km when fitted with drop tanks. The CL−13 Sabre was armed with six Browning 0.5 inch calibre M3 heavy machine−guns on the sides of the forward fuselage and was fitted with two under−wing hard points each rated at 454 kg which could be fitted with up to 907 kg of disposable stores including free−fall bombs, chemical bombs, napalm tanks, or eight unguided missiles.
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CANADAIR CL−215
The Canadair CL−215 is a Canadian multi−role amphibian flying boat designed during the 1960's primarily for fighting forest fires, entering service in 1969. The Canadair CL−215 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2800−CA3 Double Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 291 kmh and a range of 2094 km. The Canadair CL−215 carries a crew of two and up to 19 passengers or 3864 kg of freight in the cabin or in the fire−fighting role 12000 lbs of water.
CANADAIR CL−28 The Canadair CL−28 Argus was a Canadian maritime reconnaissance platform warplane with anti−submarine capability in service from 1957 to 1981. The Canadair CL−28 was powered by four Wright R−3350−TC981−EA1 Turbo−Compound radial piston engines providing a top speed of 507 kmh and a range of 6437 km or an endurance of 26 hours 30 minutes. The Canadair CL−28 carried a flight crew of five, a relief crew of four and a six member mission crew in the cabin. Up to 11,800 lbs of disposable stores could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay and on two under−wing hard points.
CANADAIR CL−41 The Canadair CL−41 Tutor is a Canadian two−seater basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training and light attack capabilities. The Canadair CL−41first flew in 1960 as a private venture and a number were then bought by the Canadian Air Force in 1961, entering service in 1963. The Canadair CL−41A Tutor is powered by an Orenda J85−CAN−J4 turbojet providing a maximum speed of 801 kmh and a range of 1002 km. The Canadair CL−41A Turot can carry up to 2000 lbs of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
CANADAIR CL−44 The Canadair CL−44 Yukon was a British−designed Canadian long−range transport aircraft based on the British Bristol Britannia. The Canadair CL−44 entered service in 1961 and was withdrawn in the late 1970's. The Canadair CL−44−6 was powered by four Rolls−Royce Tyne Rty.12 turboprops providing a top speed of 649 kmh and a range of 3798 km fully laden. The Canadair CL−44−6 carried a flight crew of between four and six and up to 134 troops or 60480 lbs of freight in the cabin.
CANADAIR CL−601 The Canadair CL−601 Challenger is a Canadian light corporate transport aircraft also used by the Canadian military since 1981. The Canadair CL−601 is powered by two General Electric CF34−1A turbofans providing a top speed of 851 kmh and a range of 6370 km depending upon payload. The Canadair CL−601 carries a crew of two and up to 19 passengers or 2229 kg of freight in the cabin.
CANADAIR CL−66
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Canadair CL−66 Cosmopolitan is an American−designed Canadian short/medium−range medium transport aircraft that entered service in 1960. The Canadair CL−66 is powered by two Napier Eland NE1.6 Mk 504A turboprops providing a top speed of 547 kmh and a typical range of 2002 km. The Canadair CL−66 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 56 passengers or 14300 lbs of freight in the cabin.
CANBERRA The English Electric Canberra was a British two or three−seater light bomber and intruder aircraft first flown in 1949, entering service in 1951. It was armed with four 20 mm Aden cannons in an optional ventral pack carried in the rear of the two−part weapons bay and up to 8000 lbs of disposable stores carried in the weapons bay and on two hard points one under each wing, each rated at 1000 lbs. Two Rolls−Royce Avon 101 turbojets provided the Canberra with a top speed of 580 mph and a range of 1295 km.
CANT Z 1007 The Cant Z 1007 was an Italian three−engined torpedo bomber of the Second World War. It had a maximum speed of 448 kmh and was armed with a 12.7 mm machine−gun in a dorsal turret, a 12.7mm machine−gun under the fuselage and two 7.7mm machine−guns on lateral mountings. It carried either 1,180 kg of bombs or two 450 kg torpedoes.
CANT Z 1012 The Cant Z 1012 was an Italian plywood covered, wooden, liaison and communications aircraft of the Second World War serving from 1938 until 1943. The Cant Z 1012 carried a single pilot and had provision for up to six passengers in an enclosed cabin. A top speed of 199 mph and a range of 1000 km was achieved from three Alfa−Romeo 115 inverted−inline piston engines each rated at 170 hp.
CANT Z 501
The Cant Z 501 Gabbiano was an Italian wooden long−range reconnaissance bomber flying boat of the Second World War first flown in 1934, taking the distance record for a flying−boat in the same year by flying 4120 km from Trieste to Massawa in Eritrea. The Cant Z 501 was powered by a 900 hp Isotta− Fraschini Asso XI 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 2400 km. Armaments consisted of three trainable 7.7 mm machine−guns and up to 640 kg of bombs.
CANT Z 506 The Cant Z 506 was an Italian 12/14 civil passenger transport and military reconnaissance bomber flying boat of the 1930s and Second World War. The military version, the Z 506B Airone was manned by a crew of three and powered by three 750 hp Alfa Romeo 126 RC.34 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 365 kmh and a range of 2745 km. Armaments consisted of one or two 7.7 mm machine−guns and a 12.7 mm machine−gun and either 1200 kg of bombs or a single torpedo. The civilian version, the Z 506A, was used by the Italian airline Ala Littoria, and was powered by three 750 hp Alfa Romeo 126 RC.34 radial engines and set speed records of 308.25 kmh, 319.78 kmh and 322.06 kmh and carried a payload of 2000 kg.
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CAPRONI CA 100 The Caproni Ca 100 was an Italian two−seater trainer biplane based on the De Havilland DH 60 Moth produced from 1929. The Ca 100 was powered by a 85 hp De Havilland Gipsy 4−cylinder inline piston engine providing a top speed of 165 kmh and a range of 700 km.
CAPRONI CA 133 The Caproni Ca 133 was an Italian civil transport and military bomber/transport aircraft of the 1930s and Second World War. The Ca 133 was powered by three 460 hp Piaggio Stella P.VIII C.16 7− cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 1350 km. The military version was armed with four 7.7 mm machine−guns in side, dorsal turret and ventral positions and carried up to 500 kg of bombs. The military transport variant (the Ca 133T) carried 18 fully equipped troops. An ambulance variant, the Ca 133S was also produced for the military. The civilian version carried 16 passengers and was used by the airline Ala Littoria.
CASA 1145−L The CASA 1145−L was a Spanish built version of the German Gotha Go 145 basic trainer aircraft, built under license during the Second World War.
CASA 207 AZOR The CASA 207 Azor was a Spanish short/medium−range utility medium transport aircraft developed as a larger version of the previous CASA 202 Halcon, and first flown in prototype in 1955 intended for the civil airliner market. The civilian market had no interest in the aircraft, but the Spanish air force took it and the CASA 207 Azor entered service in 1960, remaining in service until the early 1980's. The CASA 207 Azor was powered by two Bristol Hercules Mk 730 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 455 kmh and a range of 2610 km, depending upon payload. The CASA 207 Azor carried a flight crew of four and up to 40 passengers or 3087 kg of freight in the cabin.
CASA C−1O1 AVIOJET The CASA C−101 Aviojet is a Spanish two−seater advanced trainer with secondary light attack capability aircraft, first flown in 1977 and entered service in 1984. It is armed with a pack with one 30 mm DEFA 553 cannon or two 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns accommodated in a bay under the rear cockpit and up to 2250 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points, three under each wing. Early models, such as the C−101EB were powered by a Garrett TFE331−2−2J turbofan engine and could only carry 1500 kg of stores. Later versions were equipped with the TFE331−5−1J turbofan enabling the carrying of 2250 kg of stores.
CASA C−212−M The CASA C−212−M Aviocar is a Spanish utility transport aircraft introduced in 1979 and used by the military as a short/medium−range maritime and coastal reconnaissance platform with anti−submarine capability. The CASA C−212−M Series 300 military variant is powered by two Garrett TPE331−10R−513C turboprops providing a top speed of 370 kmh and a typical range of 1433 km fully laden. The CASA C−212−M Series 300 military reconnaissance variant carries a flight crew of two and a mission crew of four in the cabin and can carry up to 500 kg of disposable stores on two hard points mounted one each side of the fuselage, typically two torpedoes are carried or machinegun pods, depending upon the role. In the transport role, the CASA C−212−M Series 300 carries a crew of two and up to 25 troops or 24 paratroops or 12 litters plus four attendants or 2820 kg of freight in the hold.
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CB 250−K The Cardoen CB 250−K is a Chilean medium−weight, highly effective air launched cluster bomb comprising 240 740 gram bomblets.
CB 500−K The Cardoen CB 500−K is a Chilean heavy−weight highly effective air launched cluster bomb comprising 240 740 gram bomblets.
CB 60−K The Cardoen CB 60−K is a Chilean small, but highly effective air launched cluster bomb comprising 50 740 gram bomblets.
CESSNA Cessna are an American aircraft manufacturer. The company was formed by Clyde Cessna and Victor Roos as the Cessna−Roos Aircraft Company in September 1927. Previously, Clyde Cessna had built his first aeroplane at Enid, Oklahoma in 1911 and in 1925 was a founder of the Travel Air Manufacturing Company. In December 1927 the Cessna−Roos Aircraft Company became incorporated as the Cessna Aircraft Company.
CESSNA A−37
The Cessna Model 318E (A−37 Dragonfly) is an American two−seater light attack and counter−insurgency aircraft, developed from the T−37 trainer series with a strengthened structure and a host of refinements that entered service in 1967. The Cessna A−37 is powered by two General Electric J85−GE−17A turbojets providing a top speed of 843 kmh and a range of 740 km fully laden. It is armed with one 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun in the nose and carries up to 5,680 lbs of disposable stores on eight hard points, four under each wing.
CESSNA L−19 The Cessna L−19 (Bird Dog) is an American military observation and Forward Air Control aircraft based on the Cessna 170, with power upgraded from 145 to 213hp. The L−19 is powered by a 213−hp Continental O−470−11 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 151 mph and a range of 850 km. Armaments consist of four under−wing pylons for mixed stores of smoke canisters and ' Willie−Pete' white phosphorus marking rockets. In 1962 the US designation for the aircraft changed from L−19 to O−1.
CESSNA MODEL 150
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The Cessna Model 150 is an American two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft produced from 1958 to 1977. The Cessna Model 150 is powered by a Teledyne Continental O−200−A flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 261 kmh and a range of 779 km with standard fuel tanks.
CESSNA MODEL 152 The Cessna Model 152 is an American two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft produced from 1977 to 1984 as an improved version of the Cessna Model 150. The Cessna Model 152 is powered by a Teledyne Continental O−235−L2C flat−four piston engine.
CESSNA MODEL 172 The Cessna Model 172 Skyhawk is an American primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison capability. The Cessna Model 172 entered military service in 1955 as a development of the earlier Cessna Model 170. The Cessna Model 172 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320−H flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 1066 km with standard fuel tanks. The Cessna Model 172 has seating for a pilot and three passengers or pupil and instructor and two passengers. Variations of the Cessna Model 172 have been produced as two−seater aircraft, designated T−41.
CESSNA MODEL 180 The Cessna Model 180 Skywagon is an American short−range utility transport aircraft developed from the Cessna Model 170 and entered in service in 1953. The Cessna Model 180 is powered by a Teledyne Continental O−470−R flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 274 kmh and a range of 1118 km. The Cessna Model 180 carries a crew of one and up to five passengers or freight carried in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 182
The Cessna Model 182 Skylane is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft that evolved from the Cessna Model 172 during the 1950's, having a more powerful engine. The Cessna Model 182 is powered by a Teledyne Continental O−470−R flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 266 kmh and a range of 1464 km. The Cessna Model 182 carries a crew of one and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
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CESSNA MODEL 206 The Cessna Model 206 Super Skywagon and Stationair are American short−range utility light transport aircraft first produced in 1963. The Cessna Model 206 (both variants) are powered by a Teledyne Continental IO−520−F flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 1287 km typically. The Cessna Model 206 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or freight in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 207
The Cessna Model 207 Skywagon and Stationair are American short−range utility light transport aircraft first produced in 1969 as lengthened versions of the Cessna Model 206 aircraft. The Cessna Model 207 (both variants) are powered by a Teledyne Continental IO−520−F flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 1118 km typically. The Cessna Model 207 carries a pilot and up to six passengers or freight in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 208 The Cessna Model 208 Caravan is an American short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1982 and designed to be able to take off and land on unprepared, short landing strips and have landing gear that could be fitted with wheels, skis or floats. The Cessna Model 208 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−114 turboprop providing a top speed of 325 kmh and a range of 2539 km. The Cessna Model 208 carries a pilot and up to nine passengers or 3000 lbs of freight in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 310 The Cessna Model 310 is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft developed in the early 1950's. The Cessna Model 310L is powered by two Teledyne Continental IO−470−VO flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 381 kmh and a range of 1248 km, typically. The Cessna Model 310 carries a pilot and up to six passengers or freight in the cabin. Some Cessna Model 310L aircraft are in use with the American military under the designation U−3A.
CESSNA MODEL 318
The Cessna Model 318 Tweety Bird (T−37) is an American two−seater trainer aircraft that entered service in 1957. The T−37B model, introduced in 1959, is powered by two Teledyne Continental J69−T−25 turbojets providing a top speed of 684 kmh and a range of 1500 km.
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CESSNA MODEL 337 The Cessna Model 337 Super Skymaster is an American forward air control platform with short−range utility light transport capability aircraft first flown in 1961, entering military service in 1965 as the O−2. The Cessna Model 337 is powered by two Teledyne Continental IO−360C/D flat six piston engines providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 1706 km. The Cessna Model 337 carries a pilot and observer and up to four passengers of freight in the rear of the cabin. Up to 1500 lbs of disposable stores can be carried on four under−wing hard points, typically two SUU−11B/A pods each fitted with one 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun rotary six−barrel machine−gun or four LAU− series multiple launchers for 70 mm unguided rockets.
CESSNA MODEL 340
The Cessna Model 340 is an American short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft developed as a pressurised version of the Cessna Model 310 and first produced in 1971. The Cessna Model 340 is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO−520−K flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 418 kmh and a range of 2600 km. The Cessna Model 340 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or freight in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 401 The Cessna Model 401 is an American short−range utility light transport produced between 1965 and 1972. The Cessna Model 401 is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO−520−E flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 367 kmh and a range of 1300 km. The Cessna Model 401 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to six passengers or freight in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 404
The Cessna Model 404 Titan is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1975. Three variations are made; one for the carriage of just passengers only, one for passengers and/or freight and one for just freight. A few models are in service with the US military under the designation C−28. The Cessna Model 404 is powered by two Teledyne Continental GTSIO−520−M flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 430 kmh and a range of 2814 km. The Cessna Model 404 carries a crew of one or two and, depending upon variant, up to ten passengers or freight in the cabin.
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CESSNA MODEL 421 The Cessna Model 421 is an American short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft derived from the Cesna Model 411 and first flown in 1965. The Cessna Model 421 is powered by two Teledyne Continental GTSIO−520−D flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 444 kmh and a range of 1889 km typically. The Cessna Model 421 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to ten passengers or freight in a pressurised cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 500
The Cessna Model 500 Citation is an American low−cost short/medium−range light transport aircraft developed during the 1960's and first flown in 1969. The Cessna Model 500 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada JT15D−1A turbofans providing a top speed of 652 kmh and a range of 2455 km. The Cessna Model 500 carries a crew of two and up to six passengers in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL 550 The Cessna Model 550 Citation II is an American low−cost short/medium−range light transport aircraft developed as an improvement of the Cessna Model 500 and first flown in 1977. The Cessna Model 550 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada JT15D−4 turbofans providing a top speed of 788 kmh and a range of 3080 km. The Cessna Model 550 carries a crew of two and up to ten passengers in the cabin.
CESSNA MODEL T−50
The Cessna Model T−50 was an American two−seat military trainer or five−seat light commercial transport aircraft of the Second World War. The Cessna Model T−50 was operated by the US Navy under the designation JRC−1 and by the USAAF under the designation C−78 later changed to UC−78 and nicknamed 'Bobcat'. The Cessna Model T−50 was powered by two 245 hp Jacobs R−755−9 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 314 kmh and a range of 1207 km.
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CHANCE VOUGHT XF5U−1 The Chance Vought XF5U−1 ('Flying Pancake') was an abortive American experimental fighter aircraft designed during the 1940s and prototyped in 1945, though by then the project had been scrapped. The Chance Vought XF5U−1 was designed a s a single−seater fighter powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2000−2 Twin Wasp 14−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engines each rated at 1600 hp providing an estimated top speed of 811 kmh and an estimated range of 1465 km. Armaments were to be six machine−guns and an estimated payload of 2000 lb of bombs.
CHANGHE Z−8 The Changhe Z−8 is a French−designed Chinese utility and multi−role medium/heavy helicopter based upon the Aerospatiale SA 321, and first flown in 1985. The Changhe Z−8 is powered by three Changzhou Wozhou−6 turboshafts providing a top speed of 315 kmh and a range of 820 km. The Changhe Z−8 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 39 passengers or 27 troops or 15 litters plus one attendant or 5000 kg of freight in the hold or carried as a slung load. Up to 2000 kg of disposable stores can be carried on the sides of the fuselage, typically anti−submarine torpedoes, depth charges or mines.
CHENGDU F−7
The Chengdu F−7 Airguard is a Chinese single−seater fighter aircraft developed during the 1980s based on the Chengdu J−7, but much improved for the export market. The Chengdu F−7 is powered by a Liyang Wopen−7B turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.04 and a maximum range of 2230 km with drop tanks fitted. Fixed armaments consist of two 30 mm calibre Type 30−1 cannons in the lower sides of the fuselage. The Chengdu F−7 is also fitted with four under wing hard points rated at 500 kg each which can carry PL−2, PL−2A, PL−5B, PL−7 and Matra R550 Magic short range air−to−air missiles, freefall bombs and multiple unguided rocket launchers.
CHENGDU J−7 The Chengdu J−7 is a Chinese single−seater fighter aircraft based on the Soviet Mig−21. The Chengdu J−7 first flew in 1966 and entered service in 1967. The Chengdu J−7 is powered by a Liyang Wopen−7B turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.04 and a maximum range of 1490 km with a drop tank fitted. Fixed armaments consist of two 30 mm calibre Type 30−1 cannons in the lower sides of the fuselage. The Chengdu J−7 is also fitted with two under wing hard points rated at 500 kg each which can carry PL−2, PL−2A, PL−5B and PL−7 short range air−to−air missiles, freefall bombs and multiple unguided rocket launchers.
CHENGDU JJ−5 The Chengdu JJ−5 is a Soviet−designed Chinese military advanced flying and fighter trainer aircraft first flown in 1966 based on the J−5A fighter. The Chengdu JJ−5 is powered by a Xian Wopen−5D turbojet providing a top speed of 1048 kmh and a range of 1230 km. The Chengdu JJ−5 carries a pupil and instructor in tandem.
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CHINOOK
The Boeing Vertol Model 114 (CH−47 Chinook) is a series of American utility and transport medium/heavy helicopters first flown in 1961 characterised by a long body and rotablades at each end. The Chinook is powered by two Textron Lycoming T55−L−712 turboshafts providing a top speed of 265 kmh and a range of 185 km depending upon load. The Chinook carries a flight crew of two to four and up to 44 troops or 24 litters plus two attendants or 18000 lbs of freight in the hold or 22798 lbs of freight carried as a slung load.
CHRYSLER C−27 The Chrysler C−27 Spartan is an Italian−designed American medium−range medium transport aircraft being a Chrysler fitted−out version of the Italian Aeritalia G222 for the US Air Force. The Chrysler C−27 entered service in 1991 and is powered by two General Electric (Fiat) T64−GE−P4D turboprops providing a top speed of 487 kmh and a typical range of 1500 km depending upon payload. The Chrysler C−27 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 46 troops or 40 paratroops or 30 passengers or 24 litters plus attendants or 9000 kg of freight in the hold.
CLOBBER See "YAK−42"
COLT−BROWNING M2 The Colt−Browning M2 was an American aircraft−fitted recoil operated machine gun of 0.5 inch calibre and a rate of fire of 750 rounds−per−minute. It entered service in the late 1920s and was only withdrawn in the 1980s.
COMBAT SHADOW See "MC−130P"
COMMONWEALTH CA−25
The Commonwealth CA−25 Winjeel was an Australian three−seater trainer aircraft developed in response to a request by the Royal Australian Air Force for a single−engined trainer aircraft to replace their de Havilland Tiger Moth biplanes. The Commonwealth CA−25 started development in 1948 and flew as a prototype in 1955. The Commonwealth CA−25 was powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−985−AN2 Wasp Jr radial piston engine providing a top speed of 299 kmh and a range of 825 km.
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CONCORDE The Aerospatiale/BA Concorde is a joint French and English supersonic airliner first flown in 1969, with the first production models produced in 1971. It is powered by four Rolls Royce/SNECMA Olympus 593 Mk 602 afterburning turbojets, providing a top speed of 1354 mph. Concorde is manned by a crew of three and carries 128 passengers.
CONVAIR B−36 The Convair B−36 was an American strategic bomber first flown as a prototype in 1946 and in service from the late 1940's until 1959. The Convair B−36H was powered by six Pratt and Whitney R−4360−53 Wasp Major 28−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 661 kmh and a range of 10940 km. The Convair B−36 carried a crew of 15 and was armed with twelve 20 mm cannons and carried a payload of 36000 kg of bombs.
CONVAIR B−58
The Convair B−58 Hustler is an American supersonic medium bomber, first flown in 1956. It is powered by four General Electric J79−GE−3B turbojets providing a top speed of 1385 mph. It is manned by a crew of three and is armed with one General Electric T−171E3 Vulcan 29 mm cannon in a radar−aimed tail mounting and four wing−mounted pylons and an under fuselage mission pod capable of carrying nuclear and conventional bomb loads.
CONVAIR CV−440 The Convair CV−440 is an American airliner introduced in 1954 as a modification of earlier Convair airliners which had been produced during the late 1940's. The Convair CV−440 is powered by two Pratt And Whitney R−2800−CB17 Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 483 kmh and a range of 463 km fully laden. The Convair CV−440 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 52 passengers or 5820 kg of freight in the cabin. Various Convair CV−440 aircraft are in service with the US military.
CONVAIR MODEL 8−10 See "F−102A Delta Dart"
CONVAIR MODEL 8−24 See "F−106 Delta Dart"
CORNU The Cornu helicopter was the first helicopter to made a successful free flight with a man on board. It was invented by a Frenchman, Paul Cornu in 1907.
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CRV7 The Bristol Aerospace CRV7 is a Canadian air−launched rocket capable of carrying various warheads for air−to−air and air−to−ground attack roles. The rockets have a typical flight speed of between 1000 kmh and 5390 kmh depending upon warhead weight and the speed of the launching vehicle and a range of 6490 meters in an air−to−ground role.
CT−43A CT−43A is the American military designation for Boeing 737 aircraft used as navigation trainers and also as transport aircraft.
CUB See "AN−12"
D− D was the designation adopted by Germany during the Great War, indicating Doppeldecker, for single−seater, single−engined, armed biplanes.
DAKOTA See "DC−3"
DAKOTA II See "Douglas Skytrooper"
DASSAULT ATLANTIC The Dassault Atlantic is a French maritime reconnaissance platform warplane with anti−submarine and anti−ship capabilities. The Dassault Atlantic was developed in response to a 1958 NATO requirement for a long−range maritime patrol and anti−submarine warplane and entered service in 1965. The Dassault Atlantic is powered by two Hispano−Suiza/MAN/FN Tyne Rty.20 Mk 21 turboprops providing a top speed of 658 kmh and a range of 9000 km or an endurance of 18 hours. The Dassault Atlantic carries a flight crew of three and a mission crew of nine in the cabin. Armaments consist of up to 3500 kg of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay rated at 2000 kg and on four under−wing hard points.
DASSAULT ETENDARD IVM The Dassault Etendard IVM is a French single−seater carrier borne attack fighter and secondary interceptor in service since 1962. The Dassault Etendard IV is powered by a SNECMA Atar 8B turbojet providing a top speed of 1093 kmh and a typical range of 700 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of two DEFA 552 30 mm cannons in the underside of the inlet trunks and up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
DASSAULT FLAMANT The Dassault Flamant was a French short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1947 as the MD303 prototype, with production aircraft flown in 1949, being in military service from 1950 until 1982. Various models were produced, a MD312 six−passenger liaison and communications model, the MD315 a ten−passenger utility transport model and the MD315R which was a radar interception trainer model. The Dassault Flamant was powered by two SNECMA 12S.02−201 Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 380 kmh and a range of 1215 km. The Dassault Flamant carried a pilot and co−pilot and up to six or ten passengers depending upon model.
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DASSAULT GARDIAN
The Dassault Gardian is a French medium−range maritime patrol warplane with anti−ship capability based upon the Falcon 20 aircraft. The Dassault Gardian is powered by two Garrett ATF3−6A−3C turbofans providing a top speed of 870 kmh and a range of 4490 km. The Dassault Gardian carries a flight crew of two and a mission crew of three in the cabin. Armaments consist of up to 1640 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points, and typically comprise Am39 Exocet anti−ship missiles, BLG66 Belouga cluster bombs or pods fitted with a 30 mm DEFA cannon.
DASSAULT−BREGUET ALIZE The Dassault−Breguet Alize is a French three−seater carrier−borne anti−submarine aircraft first flown in October 1956 as the turboprop−powered anti−submarine derivative of the Breguet Br960 Vultur turboprop/turbojet−powered carrier borne attack aircraft. It carries up to 1500 kg of disposable stores in a lower fuselage weapons bay and on eight hard points, one under each inner wing panel and three under each outer wing panel.
DASSAULT−BREGUET SUPER ETENDARD
The Dassault−Breguet Super Etendard is a French single−seater land and carrier−based strike and attack aircraft. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552A cannon in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 2100 kg of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing. The Super Etendard was developed in the early 1970s on the basis of the subsonic Dassault Etendard IV it was to replace, the transonic Super Etendard first flew in October 1974 and in comparison with its predecessor has much improved avionics (including search rather than ranging radar), a more powerful engine and considerably enhanced aerodynamics.
DAUPHIN 2 See "Aerospatiale SA 365"
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DC−1 The Douglas DC−1 was a low−wing, all−metal monoplane commercial airliner which first flew on July 1, 1933. It was powered Two Wright Cyclone 710 hp engines carried fourteen passengers at a speed of 180 mph. It never entered commercial service, despite being bought by TWA, being replaced by the DC−2.
DC−10
The DC−10 is a medium−haul commercial airliner, designed in 1966 as an airbus capable of operating from normal length runways. It is made by McDonnell Douglas of the USA. A design fault with the cargo door locking mechanism means that the cargo door can come away in flight − as happened to a Turkish Airlines flight.
DC−2 The Douglas DC−2 was a commercial airliner. It was an improved version of the DC−1, and entered service in 1934 and flew at 190 mph. It was used by both TWA and KLM.
DC−3
The Douglas DC−3 was an American 21 passenger transport aircraft of the 1930s. The military version used during the Second World War by the US military was called the C−47 Skytrain and also known as the Dakota (and nicknamed the Gooney Bird) . The DC−3 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−1830−92 Twin Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 381 kmh and a range of 3400 km. The DC−3 carried a flight crew of two or three and the military version 27 troops or up to 24 litters plus attendants or 10000 lbs of freight.
DC−4 The Douglas DC−4 Skymaster is an American long−range medium transport aircraft developed during the late 1930's, entering service with the American military in 1942 as the C−54. The DC−4 is powered by four Pratt and Whitney R−2000−11 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 442 kmh and a range of 4990 km. The military version of the DC−4 carries a crew of four and up to 50 troops or 32500 lbs of freight in the cabin.
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DC−6
The Douglas DC−6 (designated the C−118 for military use) is an American long−range heavy transport and airliner that entered service in 1946. The DC−6 is powered by four Pratt and Whitney R−2800−52W radial piston engines providing a top speed of 573 kmh and a range of 6148 km. The military version carries a crew of four and up to 74 troops or 60 litters plus attendants or 27000 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DC−8 The Douglas DC−8 was an American long−haul commercial airliner and military long−range medium transport of the 1960s. The DC−8 carried 173 passengers (189 passengers in the Super 62 variant) at a top speed of 600 mph provided by Rolls Royce Conway engines, or four Pratt and Whitney JT3D−3B turbofans fitted to the DC−8 Super 62 variant.
DC−9 The DC−9 is a series of American short/medium−haul commercial airliners. The DC−9 Series 10, carrying 90 passengers began service in 1965. The Series 20 in 1968, the 115 seat Series 30 in 1967, the 125 seat Series 40 in 1968, the 139 seat Series 50 in 1975, and the final model, the Super 80 with room for 172 passengers in 1980.
DE HAVILAND DRAGON
The De Haviland Dragon is a light utility passenger biplane air−liner developed during the early 1930's for British short−haul internal flights. The De Haviland Dragon carries six passengers.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−1 The De Havilland Canada DHC−1 Chipmunk is a Canadian military primary flying trainer aircraft developed during the late 1940's. The De Havilland Canada DHC−1 is powered by a De Havilland Gipsy Major 8 inline piston engine providing a top speed of 222 kmh and a range of 450 km. The De Havilland Canada DHC−1 carries a pupil and instructor in tandem.
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DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−2
The De Havilland Canada DHC−2 Beaver is a Canadian short−range utility light transport aircraft designed during the Second World War and entering service in 1948 as a 'bush' transport. The De Havilland Canada DHC−2 is powered by one Pratt and Whitney R−985AN−16B/14B Wasp Junior radial piston engine providing a top speed of 257 kmh and a range of 1250 km. The De Havilland Canada DHC−2 carries a pilot and up to six passengers or 1500 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−3 The De Havilland Canada DHC−3 Otter is a Canadian short−range utility light transport aircraft developed as a more powerful version of the De Havilland Canada DHC−2 capable of carrying a heavier payload. The De Havilland Canada DHC−3 entered service in late 1952 and is powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−1340−S1H1−G/S3H1−G Wasp radial piston engine providing a top speed of 257 kmh and a range of 1400 km. The De Havilland Canada DHC−3 carries a flight crew of two and up to 14 passengers or 3150 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−4
The De Havilland Canada DHC−4 Caribou is a Canadian short−range STOL tactical transport aircraft developed as a larger, twin−engined form of the De Havilland Canada DHC−3, and in service since 1961. The De Havilland Canada DHC−4 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2000−7M2 Twin Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 347 kmh and a range of 390 km fully laden. The De Havilland Canada DHC−4 carries a flight crew of two and up to 32 troops, or 26 paratroops, or 22 litters and four seated casualties and four attendants or 8740 lbs of freight in the hold.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−5 The De Havilland Canada DHC−5 Buffalo (originally Caribou II) is a Canadian short−range STOL tactical transport aircraft developed as a larger and turbo−prop powered version of the De Havilland Canada DHC−4 aircraft in the early 1960's, entering service in 1965. The De Havilland Canada DHC−5 is powered by two General Electric CT64−820−4 turboprops providing a top speed of 467 kmh and a range of about 1120 km depending upon load. The De Havilland Canada DHC−5 carries a flight crew of three and up to 41 troops or 35 paratroops or 24 litters plus six attendants or 18000 lbs of freight carried in the hold.
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DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−6
The De Havilland Canada DHC−6 Twin Otter is a Canadian short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1965. Three models were subsequently produced, the series 100, 200 and 300. The De Havilland Canada DHC−6 Series 300 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney PT6A−27 turboprops providing a top speed of 338 kmh and a range of 1295 km depending upon payload. The De Havilland Canada DHC−6 carries a flight crew of two and up to 20 passengers or 4280 lbs of freight carried in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−7 The De Havilland Canada DHC−7 Dash 7 is a Canadian short−range medium utility transport aircraft developed during the 1970's as a medium−capacity airliner which would be quiet enough to operate from urban airports at night, and have STOL capabilities. The De Havilland Canada DHC−7 entered service in 1978 and is powered by four Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−50 turboprops providing a top speed of 428 kmh and a range of 1230 km with 50 passengers. The De Havilland Canada DHC−7 carries a flight crew of two and up to 50 passengers or 11310 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND CANADA DHC−8
The De Havilland Canada DHC−8 Dash 8 is a Canadian short−range medium utility transport aircraft developed as a successor to the De Havilland Canada DHC−7 medium−capacity airliner which would also be quiet enough to operate from urban airports at night, and have STOL capabilities. The De Havilland Canada DHC−8 entered service in 1984 and is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PW120A turboprops providing a top speed of 497 kmh and a range of 2205 km fully laden. The De Havilland Canada DHC−8 carries a flight crew of two and up to 40 passengers or 9350 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND DH 104
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The De Havilland DH 104 Dove is a British short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1945, entering service in 1948. The De Havilland DH 104 is powered by two De Havilland Gipsy Queen Mk 70 inline piston engines providing a top speed of 337 kmh and a range of 1600 km. The De Havilland DH 104 carries a flight crew of two and up to eleven passengers varying with model, some models having capacity for just seven passengers.
DE HAVILLAND DH 106
The De Havilland DH 106 Comet was a British civil and military airliner of the early 1950s, withdrawn from military service in 1975. The early Comets were powered by four De Havilland Ghost 50 Mk 1 Turbojets the Comet had a top speed of 490 mph and a typical range of 2816 km. The Comet Mk 2 was powered four Rolls−Royce Avon RA.7 Mk 117/118 turbojets providing a top speed of 508 mph and a range of 4080 km. It was manned by a crew of four (five in the military variants) and carried 36 passengers, increased to 48 passengers or 11200 lbs of freight in the Comet Mk 2.
DE HAVILLAND DH 114 The De Havilland DH 114 Heron is a British short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1950, entering service in 1952. The De Havilland DH 114 is powered by four De Havilland Gipsy Queen 30 Mk 2 inline piston engines providing a top speed of 307 kmh and a range of 1475 km. The De Havilland DH 114 carries a flight crew of two and up to 14 passengers or 3360 lbs of freight in the cabin.
DE HAVILLAND DH 95 The De Havilland DH 95 Flamingo was a British transport and utility aircraft primarily constructed for short and medium haul commercial flights, carrying between 12 and 20 passengers and a crew of three. The Flamingo was in service from 1939 to 1945, being adopted for military use as the Hertfordshire (which carried paratroops) by the RAF. It was powered by two Bristol Perseus XVI radial piston engines rated at 930 hp which provided a top speed of 391 kmh and a range of 2165 km.
DE HAVILLAND HORNET
The De Havilland Hornet was a British long−range fighter and medium range carrier−borne single−seater strike aircraft. Two 2030 hp Rolls−Royce Merlin 130/131 or 133/134 engines provided a top speed of 472 mph and a range of 4022 km. It was armed with four 20 mm Hispano cannon in the nose and had provision for 2000 lbs of bombs or eight 60 lb rocket projectiles beneath the wings.
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DE HAVILLAND VENOM The De Havilland Venom was a series of British two−seater fighter−bombers and night−fighter aircraft produced from 1950 to 1960. The De Havilland Venom NF3 was powered by a de Havilland Ghost 104 turbojet providing a top speed of 1013 kmh and a range of 1610 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons.
DEFA 552 The Giat DEFA 552 is a French 30 mm calibre gas−operated cannon first produced in 1954 and fitted to aircraft.
DEFA 554
The DEFA 554 is a French 30 mm calibre gas−operated cannon fitted to aircraft. The DEFA 554 is an improvement on the DEFA 552, with a higher rate of fire, selectable at 1200 or 1800 rounds per minute, and improved mechanical reliability. The DEFA 554 has an effective range of 1500 meters.
DEFIANT The Boulton Paul Defiant was a British two−seater fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It was a low wing, cantilever monoplane powered by a Rolls Royce Merlin engine. The Defiant was armed with four 0.30 inch calibre Browning machine−guns in the power operated turret which was situated behind the pilot and had a three−hundred and sixty degree traverse. Defiants played an active part in the Battle of Britain and later were used in night fighter squadrons.
DEVON C The Devon C is a British Royal Air Force communications variant of the De Havilland DH 104 with seating limited to seven passengers so as to provide space for an inflatable survival dinghy.
DFS 230
The DFS 230 was a German assault glider of the Second World War. The DFS 230 was manned by a crew of two and carried eight fully armed troops. The maximum gliding speed of the DFS 230 was 290 kmh. The DFS 230 was used in the world's first combat operation by glider borne troops when the Germans attacked and captured the Belgian fort of Eben−Emael in May 1940. The DFS 230 were also used in the invasion of Crete, the rescue of Benito Mussolini after he had been imprisoned, and in supply missions on the Eastern Front.
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DH 125 The DH 125 is a British medium/long−range light transport aircraft designed as a civilian business jet for the corporate sector by de Havilland just before their absorption by the Hawker Siddeley group but adopted by the military in 1964 and used mainly as a navigational trainer. The DH 125 series 2 is powered by two Rolls−Royce (Bristol Siddeley) Viper Mk 301 turbojets providing a top speed of 805 kmh and a range of 2153 km. The DH 125 carries a flight crew of two and can carry up to eight passengers, though usually it is one instructor and three pupils carried in the cabin.
DH2
The Airco DH2 was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War. It entered service in 1916. The DH2 had a top speed of 93 mph and an endurance of 2.75 hours. It was armed with a fixed, forward−firing machine−gun.
DH4 The Airco DH4, designed in 1916 by Geoffrey de Havilland, was the first British daylight bomber aircraft. It first flew in December 1916 and saw action during the Great War. It had a top speed of 143 mph, an endurance of 6.75 hours, and carried a crew of two. It was armed with between two and four machine−guns and carried 460 lb of bombs.
DH5
The Airco DH5 was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War. It had a top speed of 102 mph and an endurance of 2.75 hours. It was armed with a single machine−gun.
DH9A The Airco DH9a was a British bomber aircraft of the Great War, entering service in August 1918. It was manned by a crew of two and was armed with two or three machine−guns and carried up to 660 lbs of bombs. The DH9a had a top speed of 123 mph and an endurance of 5 hours.
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DI−6
The Kochyerigin DI−6 was a Soviet two−seat biplane fighter of the Second World War. It was designed during the early 1930s and entered service in 1937 before being withdrawn in 1942. It had a top speed of 231 mph and a range of 500 km. It carried three 7.62 mm machine−guns; two fixed forward−firing guns mounted below the lower wings and one trainable rearward−firing gun in the rear cockpit. 80 kg of bombs could also be carried on four hard points under the wings.
DO−228 The Dornier DO−228 is a German twin−engined light−regional airliner and utility transport aircraft. Also used as a multi−role military aircraft. The DO−228 is powered by two Allied Signal TPE331−5−252D engines rated at 578.7 kW. Each propeller has a four blade constant speed fully feathering reversible pitch metal propeller. Providing a maximum Speed of 472 km/h, a service Ceiling of 8535 meters and a maximum Range of 2445 km.
DORNIER Dornier are a German aircraft manufacturer.
DORNIER DO 11 The Dornier Do 11 (Flying Coffin) was a German all−metal, shoulder−wing monoplane used as a heavy bomber of the Second World War in service from 1934 to 1940. The Dornier Do 11 was manned by a crew of four comprising a pilot, navigator/bombardier/gunner, radio operator/gunner and a dedicated gunner. Two Siemens Sh. 22B−2 (Bristol Jupiter) radial piston engines provided a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 960 km. Armaments consisted of 1000 kg of disposable ordinance carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and generally comprising ten 100 kg or twenty 50 kg bombs; one 7.92 mm MG15 trainable forward firing machine−gun in the nose, one 7.92 mm calibre trainable machine−gun in the dorsal position and two 7.92 mm calibre rearward−firing trainable machine−guns in the ventral position.
DORNIER DO 15 WAL
The Dornier Do 15 Wal was a German reconnaissance flying boat of the Second World War in service from 1933 to the early 1940s. The Dornier Do 15 Wal was manned by a crew of four comprising a pilot and co−pilot/gunner sitting beside each other and a navigator/gunner and radio operator/gunner. It was powered by two BMW VI Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 2200 km. Armaments consisted of 200 kg of 75
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points, each rated at 50 kg and generally comprising four 50 kg SC−50 bombs; one 7.92 mm MG15 rearward−firing trainable machine−gun on a ring mounting in each of the two staggered side−by−side dorsal positions.
DORNIER DO 17 The Dornier Do 17 was a German four−seater medium bomber of the Second World War. It was powered by two Bramo 323P Fafnir 9−cylinder radial piston engines giving it a top speed of 410 kmh and a range of 1160 km. Armaments consisted of up to seven 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−guns and 1000 kg of bombs
DORNIER DO 18
The Dornier Do 18 was a German transoceanic mailplane developed for Luthansa in 1934, and adapted by the Luftwaffe into a four−seater coastal reconnaissance flying−boat, entering military service in 1938. The Do 18G−1 was powered by two Junkers Jumo 205D 6−cylinder vertically opposed inline diesel engines providing a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 3500 km. Armaments consisted of one 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun in the bow position and one 20 mm MG 151 cannon in the dorsal turret, plus two 50 kg bombs carried on two ETC 50 racks under the starboard wing. A Dornier Do 18 was the first Axis plane brought down by British forces during the Second World War, when Lieutenant B. S. McEwen of the Fleet Air Arm No. 803 Squadron operating from HMS Ark Royal in the North Sea brought one down on the 26th of September 1939. By 1942 the Dornier Do 18 was relegated to air−sea rescue, being mainly replaced by the BV 138.
DORNIER DO 215 The Dornier Do 215 was a German twin−engined bomber/reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War. The Do 215 was based on the Dornier Do 17 with minor amendments, being powered by two 1150 hp Daimler−Benz DB 601A engines giving it a top speed of 312 mph.
DORNIER DO 217 The Dornier Do 217 was a German four−seat medium bomber of the Second World War, first flown in 1938, and developed as an enlarged Dornier Do 17. Various versions were built, the Do 217A reconnaissance aircraft which entered service in 1940; the Do 217C and later Do 217E bomber variants, the Do 217E being capable of carrying Henschel Hs 293A stand−off anti−ship guided missiles beneath the wings; the Do 217J fighter−bomber; the Do 217K, a night bomber and anti−shipping bomber, and Do 217M bombers which carried guided missiles beneath the wings and the Do 217N night−fighter. The Do 217M was powered by two 1750 hp Daimler−Benz DB 603A 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 560 kmh and a range of 2150 km. Armaments consisted of two 13mm MG 131 and up to six 7. 92 mm MG 81 machine−guns and a pay load of 4000 kg of bombs. Two SD 1400 X (Fritz X) missiles could be carried under the wings.
DORNIER DO 24
The Dornier Do 24 was a German maritime patrol/search and rescue flying boat of the Second World War developed for the Dutch navy in 1935 as a replacement for the Dornier Do 15 Wal which was at the time being used in the Netherlands East Indies. The Do 24 was an all−metal construction monoplane with a 76
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft shallow, broad−beamed hull and stabilising sponsons. It was powered by three 1000 hp BMW−Bramo 323R−2 9−cylinder radial piston engines which provided a top speed of 340 kmh and a range of 2900 km. Armaments consisted of a 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−gun in each of the bow and tail positions and a 20 mm MG 151 cannon in a power−operated dorsal turret.
DORNIER DO 27 The Dornier Do 27 is a German STOL utility light transport aircraft developed during 1949 and the early 1950's to a Spanish air force requirement, entering service in 1956. The Dornier Do 27 is powered by a Textron Lycoming GO−480−B1 A6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 1100 km. The Dornier Do 27 carries a pilot and up to four passengers or freight in the cabin.
DORNIER DO 28
The Dornier Do 28 is a German STOL utility light transport aircraft developed as a twin engine development of the earlier Dornier Do 27, entering service in the early 1960's. The Dornier Do 28 is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO−540−A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 290 kmh and a range of 1235 km fully laden. The Dornier Do 28 carries a pilot and up to seven passengers or two litters or freight in the cabin.
DORNIER DO 28D The Dornier Do 28D (Skyservant) is a German short−range utility light transport aircraft developed from the Dornier Do 28 through a complete redesign and entered civil and military service in 1967. The Dornier Do 28D is powered by two Textron Lycoming IGSO−540 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 1810 km. The Dornier Do 28D carries a pilot and up to thirteen passengers or freight in the cabin.
DORNIER DO 335
The Dornier Do 335 (Pfeil) was a German single−seater fighter−bomber of the Second World War that saw very little use. The Dornier Do 335 was powered by two 1750 hp Daimler−Benz DB 603A−2 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 770 kmh and a range of 1380 km. Armaments consisted of one 30 mm MK 103 and two 15 mm MG 151 cannons with 500 kg of bombs carried in the bomb bay and 500 kg of bombs carried under the wings.
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DORNIER DOX The Dornier DOX was a German flying−boat first flowin in 1929. The Dornier DOX was powered by 12 Siemens Jupiter engines mounted in tandem on the wing providing a top speed of about 105 mph, and was intended to carry 66 passengers or 100 passengers on short trips and a flight crew of 14. In October 1929 the Dornier DOX took off and flew over Lake Constance with 169 peole on board, setting a record for the number of people carried in an aircraft.
DOUGLAS A−20 The Douglas A−20 (Havoc) was a series of American light attack bombers of the Second World War in service from 1941 to the mid−1950s. The A−20 was manned by a crew of three comprising a pilot in an enclosed cockpit, navigator/gunner in the fuselage and a gunner in the dorsal turret. The A−20G−20 variant − of which the most were produced − was powered by two Wright R−2600−23 radial piston engines each rated at 1700 hp providing a top speed of 339 mph and a typical range of 1521 km. The A−20G−20 was armed with six 0.5 inch Browning M2 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the nose, two 0.5 inch Browning M2 trainable machine−guns in the Martin dorsal turret, and one 0.5 inch Browning M2 trainable machine−gun in the ventral position. Up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay rated at 2000 lbs and on four under−wing hard points, and generally comprised four 500 lb or eight 250 lb bombs carried internally with provision for four 500 lb bombs carried on the under−wing hard points.
DOUGLAS A−24 The Douglas A−24 Dauntless was an American dive−bomber first produced in 1940 for the US Navy as the SBD−1 two−seater scout bomber, and in 1941 for the US army as the A−24 dive−bomber which varied mainly in having the deck−landing gear removed. The Douglas A−24 was powered by a Wright R−1820−66 Cyclone nine−cylinder radial engine providing a top speed of 408 kmh and a range of 730 km (the SBD−1 had a longer range of 1240 km). The Douglas A−24 carried a crew of a pilot and gunner in tandem and was armed with two 0.50 inch Browning machine−guns in the fuselage firing through the airscrew, two 0.30 inch machine−guns on a flexible mounting in the rear cockpit. A 1000 lb bomb was carried under the fuselage and two 100 lb bombs beneath the wings, the SBD−1 usually carried a 500 lb bomb beneath the fuselage and two 100 lb bombs beneath the wings and increased fuel.
DOUGLAS A−26 The Douglas A−26 (Invader) was an American light attack bomber aircraft of the Second World War, designed as an improved and updated successor to the Douglas A−20 'Havoc'. The A−26 made its first flight in 1942, a year after work started on it. Two Pratt and Whitney R−2800−79 engines provided a top speed of 355 mph and a range of 2255 km. The Douglas A−26 was manned by a crew of three and was in service until the late 1950s. The A−26 could carry a maximum bomb load of 5,000 pounds. The defensive armament of the A−26 consisted of two forward firing .50 calibre machine−guns and two aft barbettes (dorsal and ventral) fired by the gunner using remote control and periscope sighting. A stripped down version, designated the JD−1, was used as a target−tug by the US Navy.
DOUGLAS AD−5
The Douglas AD−5 Skyraider was an American three−seater tactical support aircraft originally designed as a dive−bomber and ship−borne torpedo−bomber at the end of the Second World War. The Douglas AD−5 first flew in 1945 and entered service in 1946. The Douglas AD−5 was powered by a Wright R−3350−26W Cyclone 18−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 501 kmh and a range of 2080 km. Armaments consisted of two 20 mm cannon. 78
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DOUGLAS AD−6 The Douglas AD−6 Skyraider was an American single−seater assault aircraft variant of the Douglas AD−5. The Douglas AD−6 entered service in 1952. The Douglas AD−6 was powered by a Wright R−3350−26W Cyclone 18−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 518 kmh and a range of 1840 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and up to 8000 lbs of bombs.
DOUGLAS B−66
The Douglas B−66 Destroyer was an American tactical bomber and reconnaissance aircraft first produced in 1954, production ending in 1958. The Douglas B−66 was powered by two Allison J71−A−13 turbojets providing a top speed of 955 kmh and a range of 3220 km. Most of the Douglas B−66 produced were used as reconnaissance aircraft in Europe (designated RB−66), and carried a crew of three and were armed with two 20 mm cannons.
DOUGLAS C−124 The Douglas C−124 Globemaster II was an American transport aircraft first produced in 1949 and operational until 1961. The Douglas C−124C was powered by four Pratt and Whitney R−4360−63A Wasp Majors 28−cylinder air−cooled radial engines which provided a cruising speed of 370 kmh and a range of 6480 km. She was manned by a crew of eight and could carry either 200 passengers or a payload of 68,500 lb.
DOUGLAS C−133 The Douglas C−133 Cargomaster was an American heavy strategic transport aircraft with bomber capability first flown in 1957 and in service until the 1970's. The Douglas C−133 was powered by four Pratt and Whitney T34−P−7WA turboprops providing a cruising speed of 482 kmh and a range of 6395 km. The Douglas C−133 carried a flight crew of ten and up to 200 passengers or freight.
DOUGLAS D−558 The Douglas D−558 Skystreak/Skyrocket was an American experimental aircraft developed in late 1944 by the US navy as part of the US military high−speed research programme. Powered by a Westinghouse J34−WE−22 turbojet and a Reaction Motors XLR−8 bifuel rocket motor the D−558 had a top speed of Mach 2.01.
DOUGLAS DB−7 See "Boston Mk III"
DOUGLAS F3D
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Douglas F3D Skynight was an American two−seater all−weather fighter first flown in 1948, entering service in 1951 with the US Marine Corps. The Douglas F3D was powered by two Westinghouse J34−WE−36 turbojets providing a top speed of 965 kmh and a range of 1930 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons. In November 1952 a Douglas F3D Became the first American jet fighter to shoot down an enemy jet fighter at night, downing a Mig−15.
DOUGLAS F4D−1 The Douglas F4D−1 Skyray was an American single−seater carrier−borne interceptor aircraft developed during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Powered by a Pratt and Whitney J57−P−8B turbojet or Pratt and Whitney J57−P−2 it had a top speed of 1118 kmh and was armed with four 20 mm cannon and up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores on six hard points.
DOUGLAS SKYTROOPER The Douglas Skytrooper (Douglas C−54 or Dakota II) was an American troop−carrier and glider−tug variant of the DC−3 used by the Allied forces during the Second World War. The Douglas Skytrooper was powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−1830−92 Twin Wasp radial piston engines providing a top speed of 381 kmh and a range of 3400 km. The Douglas Skytrooper was fitted with fixed metal seats for 28 troops or paratroops and was also fitted with a towing cleat for glider−towing.
DR Dr was a German abbreviation for Dreidecker (triplane) used during the Great War.
E− E− was a German designation for monoplanes (Eindecker) in use during the Great War.
E−2 HAWKEYE See "Grumman G−123I"
E−3 SENTRY
The E−3 Sentry is an American airborne warning and control system (AWACS) aircraft that provides all−weather surveillance, command, control and communications needed by commanders of U.S. and NATO air defence forces. The E−3 Sentry is a modified Boeing 707/320 commercial airframe with a rotating radar dome. The dome is 9.1 meters in diameter, 1.8 meters thick, and is held 3.3 meters above the fuselage by two struts. It contains a radar subsystem that permits surveillance from the Earth's surface up into the stratosphere, over land or water. The radar has a range of more than 200 miles for low−flying targets and farther for aerospace vehicles flying at medium to high altitudes. The radar combined with an identification friend or foe subsystem can look down to detect, identify and track enemy and friendly low−flying aircraft by eliminating ground clutter returns that confuse other radar systems. Other major subsystems in the E−3 are navigation, communications and computers (data processing). Consoles display computer−processed data in graphic and tabular format on video screens. Console operators perform surveillance, identification, weapons 80
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft control, battle management and communications functions. The radar and computer subsystems on the E−3 Sentry can gather and present broad and detailed battlefield information. Data is collected as events occur. This includes position and tracking information on enemy aircraft and ships, and location and status of friendly aircraft and naval vessels. The information can be sent to major command and control centres in rear areas or aboard ships. In time of crisis, this data can be forwarded to the National Command Authorities in the United States. In support of air−to−ground operations, the Sentry can provide direct information needed for interdiction, reconnaissance, airlift and close−air support for friendly ground forces. It can also provide information for commanders of air operations to gain and maintain control of the air battle. As an air defence system, E−3s can detect, identify and track airborne enemy forces far from the boundaries of the United States or NATO countries. It can direct fighter−interceptor aircraft to these enemy targets. Experience has proven that the E−3 Sentry can respond quickly and effectively to a crisis and support worldwide military deployment operations. It is a jam−resistant system that has performed missions while experiencing heavy electronic countermeasures. With its mobility as an airborne warning and control system, the Sentry has an excellent chance of surviving in war. Among other things, the flight path can quickly be changed according to mission and survival requirements. The E− 3 can fly a mission profile for more than eight hours without refuelling. Its range and on−station time can be increased through in−flight refuelling. The aircraft can be used as a surveillance asset in support of other government agencies during counter drug operations. U.S. Customs Service officers may fly aboard the E−3 Sentry on pre−coordinated missions to detect smuggling activities. It is powered by four Pratt and Whitney TF33−PW−100A turbofan engines giving a speed of 350 mph and a range of 8 hours flying time before refuelling. It is crewed by a flight crew of four plus a mission crew of 13−19 specialists (mission crew size varies according to mission).
E−4 The E−4 is an American advanced airborne command post platform warplane based on the Boeing 747 civil airliner fitted with military communications equipment and radars.
EC−130 HERCULES The Lockheed Martin EC−130 Hercules is an American airborne battlefield command and control centre (ABCCC) aircraft. Entering service in December 1956 as a variant of the Lockheed Model 82 series, the EC−130 Hercules carries a flight crew of four or five and a mission crew of up to 12. It is powered by four Allison T56−A−17 turboprops each rated at 4050 hp providing a top speed of 380 mph and a range of 7565 km.
EC−130Q
The Lockheed EC−130Q Hercules is a four−engine, medium−size utility aircraft which has proven to be one of the most well−known and versatile aircraft ever built. For reference purposes, the aircraft is similar to a standard model C−130H except for electrical and air−conditioning modifications. It has twice the heating/cooling capacity of a standard C−130H and ultimately more than twice the electrical power. (At present only about 90 kVA are available for research.) The aircraft is an all−metal, high−wing monoplane, powered by four Allison T−56−A−423 turbo−prop engines. It is equipped with dual−wheel, tricycle landing gear with the main gear wheels arranged in tandem and the nose gear arranged side−by−side. N130AR was placed in service (by the USN) in 1985 and is the youngest aircraft in the NSF/NCAR/RAF fleet.
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EC−135 The Boeing 717 (EC−135) is an American flying command post platform warplane that entered service during the 1960's. The EC−135C is powered by four Pratt and Whitney TF33−P−9 turbofans providing a top speed of 991 kmh and a range of 4308 km. The EC−135 is manned by a flight crew of four or five and carries a general and ten staff members in the cabin.
ECUREUIL
The Aerospatiale AS 350 Ecureuil is a French six−seat light general−purpose utility helicopter. It was flown for the first time in 1974, entering service in 1977, and is marketed in North America as the AStar. The Aerospatiale AS 350 is powered by a Turbomeca Arriel ID1 turboshaft providing a top speed of 272 kmh and a range of 655 km. The Aerospatiale AS 350 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or 900 kg of freight in the cabin or 1135 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
ECUREUIL 2 The Aerospatiale AS 355 Ecureuil 2 is a French six−seat light general−purpose utility helicopter. It was flown for the first time in 1979 and is intended for the North American market where it is known as the TwinStar. The Aerospatiale AS 355 is powered by two Allison 250−C20F turboshafts providing a top speed of 278 kmh and a range of 703 km. The Aerospatiale AS 355 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or 900 kg of freight in the cabin or 1135 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
EF−111A The EF−111A (Raven) is an American electronic countermeasures support aircraft. It is a modified F−111A. Exterior modifications include a narrow canoe−shaped radome, about 4.85 meters long, mounted under the fuselage, which house antennas for the high−powered jamming transmitters. Also, a fin−tip pod is mounted on the reinforced vertical stabilizer to house receiving antennas and ancillary equipment, including a processor to detect hostile radar emissions. Interior modifications include a rearranged cockpit − the right−seat crew member is an electronic warfare officer responsible for navigation, terrain−following flight and electronic warfare operations. The electronic warfare officer plans jamming tactics in advance, and then programs, operates and monitors the jamming system. A self−protection subsystem is designed to protect the EF−111A against radar−directed, anti−aircraft artillery, and missile or aircraft threats. The EF−111A provides protection by using a jamming orbit where it stands off from threat radars to cover friendly aircraft entering and leaving the threat areas, or by using the aircraft's high−performance capabilities to directly support attacking forces. In the direct support mission, the Raven may fly as in escort position or enter a threat area to the best jammer position. Ravens engaged in direct support often use the extensive night terrain−following capability built into the basic F−111 design.
EMBRAER EMB−110
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The EMBRAER EMB−110 Bandeirante is a Brazilian short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1973. The EMBRAER EMB−110 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−27 turboprops providing a top speed of 558 kmh and a range of 250 km fully laden. The EMBRAER EMB−110 carries a crew of two and up to 12 passengers or 1568 kg of freight in the cabin.
EMBRAER EMB−111 The EMBRAER EMB−111 Bandeirulha is a Brazilian medium−range maritime patrol warplane with anti−ship capability that entered service in 1978 as the P−95 Bandeirulha later being upgraded and reclassified the EMB−111. The EMBRAER EMB−111 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−34 turboprops providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 1945 km. The EMBRAER EMB−111 carries a flight crew of two and a mission crew of four or five in the cabin. Armaments consist of up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
EMBRAER EMB−120
The EMBRAER EMB−120 Brasilia is a Brazilian short/medium−range light/medium transport aircraft developed to provide an aircraft capable of carrying a heavier payload over a longer distance than the earlier EMBRAER EMB−110. The EMBRAER EMB−120 entered service in 1985 and is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PW118 or PW118A turboprops providing a top speed of 608 kmh and a range of 2983 km. The EMBRAER EMB−120 carries a crew of two and up to 30 passengers or 3039 kg of freight in the cabin.
EMBRAER EMB−121 The EMBRAER EMB−121 Xingu is a Brazilian short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft developed as a smaller version of the EMBRAER EMB−110, first flown in 1976 and entered into service in 1979. The EMBRAER EMB−121 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney PT6A−28 turboprops providing a top speed of 450 kmh and a range of 2350 km. The EMBRAER EMB−121 carries a crew of one or two and up to nine passengers or 860 kg of freight in the cabin.
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EMBRAER EMB−312
The EMBRAER EMB−312 Tucano is a Brazilian basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with counter−insurgency capability first flown as a prototype in 1980, entering service in 1983. The EMBRAER EMB−312 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−25C turboprop providing a top speed of 519 kmh and a range of 1845 km. The EMBRAER EMB−312 carries a pupil and instructor in tandem and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
ENGLISH ELECTRIC P 1 The English Electric P 1 Lightning was a British single−seater all−weather interceptor aircraft developed during the 1950s, and first flown in 1954 and in service until 1974 when they started to be replaced by McDonnell Douglas F−4 Phantoms. It was powered by two Rolls−Royce Avon 302 augmented turbojets providing a top speed of 1500 mph and was armed with two Red Top or Firestreak guided missiles or two 30 mm Aden cannons on two under−wing hard points.
ENSTROM MODEL 480 The Enstrom Model F28 Falcon is an American utility light helicopter developed as a derivative of the Enstrom Model F28 and first flown in 1988 before entering military service in 1992. The Enstrom Model 480 is powered by an Allison 250−C20W turboshaft providing a top speed of 228 kmh and a range of 611 km. The Enstrom Model 480 carries a pilot and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
ENSTROM MODEL F28
The Enstrom Model F28 Falcon is an American utility light helicopter developed as a simple utility helicopter and first flown in 1962 before entering military service in 1981. The Enstrom Model F28F is powered by a Textron Lycoming HIO−360−F1 AD flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 180 kmh and a range of 423 km. The Enstrom Model F28 carries a pilot and up to two passengers or freight in the cabin.
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EPSILON See "TB 30"
EUROFIGHTER The four nation Eurofighter Typhoon is a foreplane delta wing beyond−visual−range and close air fighter aircraft with surface attack capability. The Eurofighter Typhoon is armed with an internally mounted 27 mm Mauser gun and has thirteen hard points for weapon carriage, four under each wing and five under the fuselage. For air−to−air combat the standard weapon configuration is four BVRAAM (Beyond Visual Range) Air to Air Missiles, which are mounted in semi−recessed fuselage stations, and two Advanced Short Range Air−to−Air Missiles, ASRAAMs, on the outer pylons. A mix of up to ten medium range and short range missiles can be carried. Eurofighter has the capability to carry a range of air−to−surface weapons, including the Brimstone and DWS 37 anti−armour weapons, three under each wing and one under the centre fuselage and laser−guided bombs. Avionics pods can be mounted under each wing, for example a laser designator pod. An Armament Control System (ACS) manages weapons selection and firing and monitors weapon status. The Eurofighter is equipped with two Eurojet EJ200 engines, each delivering very high thrust of 90 kN in full reheat and 60 kN in dry power mode providing high agility at supersonic speed and ' supercruise' capability, and the capability to fly at sustained speeds of over Mach 1 without the use of afterburner.
EXOCET AM39 The Exocet AM39 is a French air launched anti−ship missile by Aerospatiale. The missile is equipped with a steel cased Tristan solid propellant rocket motor and a Narval booster motor. The missile approaches the target at speeds over Mach 0.9 and the range is 50 to 70 kilometres. The Exocet's 165 kg high explosive shaped charge warhead is armed with a delayed impact and a proximity fuse.
F−100 SUPER SABRE The NA−180 (F−100 Super Sabre) was an American single−seater fighter aircraft in service from 1954 to the 1980's. The F−100 Super Sabre was powered by a Pratt And Whitney J57−P−21 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.39 and a maximum range of 920 km. Armaments consisted of four Ford M39E 20 mm cannons mounted on the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 6000 lbs of disposable stores carried on six under−wing hard points.
F−102A DELTA DART The Convair Model 8−10 (F−102A Delta Dart) or 'Deuce' was an American single−seater all−weather interceptor in service from 1956 to the late 1970's. The Convair Model 8−10 (F−102A Delta Dart) was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J57−P−23 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.25 and a range of 2173 km with drop tanks and no armaments or 805 km fully laden and with drop tanks. The Convair Model 8−10 (F−102A Delta Dart) could carry up to 2000 lb of disposable armaments in two lower−fuselage weapon bays, and generally comprised one GAR−11/11A Falcon nuclear−tipped and three GAR−2A/B Falcon short−range air−to−air missiles, later AIM−26 and AIM−4 anti−air missiles were carried.
F−105 The Republic F−105 Thunderchief was an American two−seater dual−role tactical fighter and trainer aircraft in service from 1960 to 1984, seeing service during the Vietnam War. The F−105 was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J75−P−19W turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.25 and a range of 1480 km typically. Armaments consisted of a General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel 20mm rotary cannon in the port side of the forward fuselage and up to 14,000 lbs of disposable stores carried in an under−fuselage weapons bay rated at 8,000 lbs and on five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings.
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F−106 DELTA DART The Convair Model 8−24 (F−106 Delta Dart) or 'Six' was an American single−seater all−weather interceptor in service from 1959 to 1988. The Convair Model 8−24 (F−106 Delta Dart) was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J75−P−17 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.27 and a range of 2400 km with drop tanks and no armaments or 790 km fully laden and with drop tanks. The Convair Model 8−24 (F−106 Delta Dart) could carry up to 2000 lb of disposable armaments in two lower−fuselage weapon bays, and generally comprised four air−to−air missiles, and was sometimes equipped with a General Electric M61A1 Vulcan rotary six−barrel 20 mm cannon in the rear part of the weapons bay.
F−111 The General Dynamics F−111 Aardvark is a series of American two−seater variable−geometry all−weather strike and attack warplanes that first entered service in 1967. The F−111A was the world's first variable−geometry warplane to enter production and service. The F−111F model is powered by two Pratt and Whitney TF30−P−100 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 2.5 and a range of 4700 km. Armaments consist of one 20 mm General Electrics M61A1 Vulcan rotary six−barrel cannon an up to 31500 lbs of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay and on six under−wing hard points.
F−117A
The F−117A (Nighthawk) is an American single−seater stealth fighter aircraft. The F−117A can employ a variety of weapons and is equipped with sophisticated navigation and attack systems integrated into a state−of−the−art digital avionics suite that increases mission effectiveness and reduces pilot workload. The first F−117A was delivered in 1982, and the last delivery was in the summer of 1990. The F−117A production decision was made in 1978 with a contract awarded to Lockheed Advanced Development Projects, the 'Skunk Works,' in Burbank, California. The first flight was in 1981, only 31 months after the full−scale development decision. Air Combat Command's only F−117A unit, the 4450th Tactical Group, (now the 49th Fighter Wing, Holloman Air Force Base, N. M.), achieved operational capability in October 1983. The F−117A can carry a range of tactical fighter ordnance in the weapons bay, including BLU−109B low level laser guided bombs, GBU−10 and GBU−27 laser guided bomb units, AGM−65 Maverick and AGM−88 HARM missiles.
F−15
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The Boeing F−15 Eagle dual−role fighter is a range of advanced long−range interdiction fighters and tactical aircraft. The F−15E can carry payloads up to 23,000 pounds. The aircraft can carry up to four AIM−9LM infrared−guided Sidewinder air−to−air missiles, up to four AIM−7F/M radar−guided Sparrow air−to−air missiles or eight radar−guided Advanced Medium Range Air−to−Air missiles (AMRAAM) . The range of air−to−ground ordnance carried includes precision weapons such as guided bomb units, the GBU−10, GBU−12, GBU−15 and GBU−24 bombs, and the AGM− 65 Maverick infrared−guided missile. The aircraft is also armed with an internal M−61 20 mm Gatling gun installed in the right wing root. The F−15E is powered by Pratt and Whitney F100−PW−229 low−bypass turbofan engines, which provide 29,000 pounds of thrust per engine, and is manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and weapons officer.
F−16 The General Dynamics F−16 Fighting Falcon is an American single−seat multi−role fighter and (F−16B) two−seat operational trainer aeroplane. It was developed during the 1970s and first flew in 1978. The F−16 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney F100−PW−200 turbofan giving a top speed of 2145 kmh and a range of approximately 580 km depending upon load. The F−16 is armed with a single 20 mm M61A−1 multi−barrel rotary cannon and from two to six AIM−9L/M air−to−air missiles or up to 5443 kg of bombs between nine stations.
F−18 The F−18 is an American single−seat shipboard and shore−based multi−role fighter and attack aircraft.
F−20 The F−20 is an American single−seat multi−role fighter aircraft.
F−22
The Lockheed Martin/Boeing F−22 Raptor is an American advanced tactical fighter aircraft designed as a replacement for the F−15 series, the first F−22 flying in 1997. The F−22 is armed with a variant of the M61A2 Vulcan cannon installed internally above the right air intake. The F−22 has four hard points on the wings, each rated to carry 2,270 kg, which can carry AIM−120A AMRAAM or external fuel tanks. The 87
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft fuselage accommodates a main weapons bay and two side bays. The main under−fuselage weapon bay has the capacity to carry AIM−120A missiles, AIM−120C missiles, and the Joint Direct Attack Munition, JDAM. The side bays can be loaded with AIM−9M short range missiles. The F−22 is powered by two F119−100 engines from Pratt and Whitney. The F119−100 is a low bypass after burning turbofan engine providing 156 kN thrust, providing a top speed of Mach 1.58.
F−4 The F−4 was a Chinese built MIG−17 (F type model).
F−6 The F−6 is a Chinese built MIG−19.
F−84 The Republic F−84 Thunderjet was an American single−seater strike−fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft in service from 1947 to 1976. The F−84 was powered by a Wright J65−−W−7 turbojet providing a top speed of 1059 kmh and a range of 1360 km. The F−84 was armed with six 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M3 heavy machine−guns, four mounted in the upper side of the nose and two in the wing roots, and up to 6,000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
F−86 SABRE
The North American NA−140 (or F−86 Sabre as it was better known) was a classic American single−seater fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft serving from 1949 to the 1980s. Various models were produced, the F−86F being powered by a General Electric J47−GE−27 turbojet giving a top speed of 1118 kmh and a maximum range of 2044 km with drop tanks. The F−86F was armed with six Browning 0.5 inch calibre M3 heavy machine−guns fitted in the nose and fitted with two under−wing hard points capable of carrying 907 kg of disposable stores which typically comprised two 1000 lb or 500 lb free−fall bombs or sixteen 16.5 inch HVAR unguided rockets.
F−94 STARFIRE The Lockheed F−94 Starfire was an American all−weather two−seater fighter aircraft developed in 1949 and used for aerial defence of the metropolitan territory of the USA. The F−94 Starfire was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J48−P−5 turbojet providing a top speed of 940 kmh and a range of 1930 km. Armaments consisted of forty−eight 70 mm rockets carried in the nose and in two wing housings.
F/A−18E See "Super Hornet"
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F5 The Schwarzkopf F5 was a 450 mm Norwegian aircraft dropped torpedo used by the Germans during the Second World War. It had a range of 2000 meters and travelled at a speed of 33 knots. It was armed with a 200 kg Hexanite explosive warhead.
F5B The Schwarzkopf F5 was a 450 mm German aircraft dropped torpedo used during the Second World War, from 1941. It had a range of 2000 meters and travelled at a speed of 40 knots. It was armed with a 180 to 250 kg Hexanite explosive warhead.
FAIRCHILD Fairchild is an American aircraft manufacturer.
FAIRCHILD 340
The Fairchild 340 is a joint Swedish (SAAB) and American regional airliner and corporate transport aircraft, which entered service in 1984. It can carry 39 passengers at a cruising speed of 300 mph to a range of 1475 km.
FAIRCHILD C−119 The Fairchild C−119 Boxcar was an American military transport aircraft developed during 1947 and in production until 1955 and in service until the late 1960's. The Fairchild C−119 Boxcar was powered by two Wright R−3350−89 Cyclone 18−cylinder air cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 350 kmh and a range of 2850 km. The Fairchild C−119 Boxcar was manned by a crew of four and could carry up to 62 paratroops, vehicles, artillery and other equipment in the hold.
FAIRCHILD C−123 The Fairchild C−123 Provider is an American short−range tactical light/medium transport aircraft that entered service in 1954. The Fairchild C−123 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2800−99W radial piston engines providing a top speed of 367 kmh and a range of 1666 km fully laden. The Fairchild C−123 carries a crew of two and up to 62 troops or 50 litters plus six seated casualties plus six attendants or 15000 lbs of freight in the cabin.
FAIRCHILD C−82
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Fairchild C−82 Packet was an American short/medium−range transport aircraft designed as a specialised military freighter following a request from the US military in 1941. The Fairchild C−82 entered service in 1945 and remained in service until 1967. The Fairchild C−82 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2800−85 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 400 kmh and a range of 805 km fully laden. The Fairchild C−82 carried a flight crew of four or five and up to 78 passengers or 42 paratroops or 34 litters plus attendants or 13000 lbs of freight in the hold.
FAIRCHILD PT−19 The Fairchild PT−19 (Cornell) was an American two−seater primary trainer aircraft designed in 1938. A Ranger L−440−3 engine provided a top speed of 132 mph and a range of 725 km.
FAIRCHILD SA227 The Fairchild SA227−AC Metro III is an American short/medium−range utility light transport plane first flown in 1965, entering service in1970. The Fairchild SA227−AC Metro III is powered by two Garrett TPE331−11U−612G turboprops providing a top speed of 515 kmh and a range of 2130 km with optimal load. The Fairchild SA227−AC Metro III carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 20 passengers or 2214 kg of freight in the cabin.
FAIREY ALBACORE The Fairey Albacore was a British biplane of the Second World War intended as a replacement for the Fairey Swordfish, but ending up supplementing the older plane. The Fairey Albacore was a three−seater, carrier−based torpedo bomber powered by a Bristol Taurus engine of either 1065 hp or 1130 hp. Armaments comprised three machine−guns for defence and either a 1605 lb torpedo or 2000 lb of bombs. Fairey Albacores were used with distinction at the Battle of Matapan and to drop flares to illuminate the German positions during the two months prior to the Battle of El Alamein.
FAIREY GANNET The Fairey Gannet was a British carrier−borne anti−submarine search and strike and reconnaissance aircraft in service with the Fleet Air Arm from 1953 to 1960 (the assault version) and 1978 (the reconnaissance version). The Fairey Gannet was powered by an Armstrong Siddeley Double Mamba 101 turboprop providing a top speed of 481 kmh and a range of 1510 km. The Fairey Gannet carried a crew of three and could carry up to 2000 lbs of disposable stores, typically torpedoes, depth charges or mines.
FALCON 10 The Falcon 10 is a French aircraft built by Dassault−Breguet as a passenger jet. It is the smallest of the Falcon range and almost as fast as the Falcon 50.
FALCON 20
The Falcon 20 is a French aircraft built by Dassault−Breguet as a passenger jet. In 1967 it was selected for US Coast Guard service and has been adapted for cargo transport, ambulance work, scientific, navigation 90
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FALCON 50 The Falcon 50 is a French passenger jet based upon the Falcon 20. The prototype Falcon 50 broke the bizjet speed record by averaging 555 mph on its way from New Jersey, USA, to the 1977 Paris Air Show. With the front and centre fuselage sections of the Falcon 20, three TFE731 turbofan engines and a new supercritical wing, it flies 3,900 miles.
FAUCETT F−19 The Faucett F−19 was a Peruvian eight−seat transport monoplane of the 1930s and 1940s. Two versions were built, a landplane and a seaplane version, both used commercially and by the Peruvian air force. The landplane version had a top speed of 180 mph, and the seaplane version of 160 mph.
FEDERAL ANSON V The Federal Anson V was a Canadian built twin−engined navigational trainer aircraft of the Second World War. The aircraft was powered by two Pratt and Whitney Wasp−Junior R−985AN−12B or 14B nine−cylinder radial air−cooled engines giving a top speed of 190 mph at 5000 feet and a cruising speed of 145 mph and a duration of four hours.
FEDERAL ANSON VI The Federal Anson VI was a Canadian built twin−engined gunnery trainer aircraft of the Second World War. The aircraft was powered by two Pratt and Whitney Wasp−Junior R−985AN−12B or 14B nine−cylinder radial air−cooled engines giving a top speed of 190 mph at 5000 feet and a cruising speed of 145 mph and a duration of four hours.
FENCER See "Su−19"
FFA AS 202
The FFA AS 202 Bravo is an Italian−designed Swiss primary flying trainer aircraft first flown in 1969, entering service in 1976. The FFA AS 202 is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−360−B1F flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 1140 km. The FFA AS 202 carries a pupil and instructor and has provision to carry a passenger in the rear of the cockpit.
FIAT BR.20 CICOGNA The Fiat BR.20 Cicogna was an Italian twin−engined medium bomber of the Second World War, first flown in 1936 and used by Italy, Japan and Spain. The BR.20 was powered by two 1000 hp Fiat A.80 RC. 41 18−cylinder radial piston engines giving a top speed of 432 kmh and a range of 3000 km. Armaments consisted of one 12.7 mm machine−gun. Early models carried two DR 7.7 mm machine−guns in a dorsal turret, later models replaced this pair with a single 12.7 mm machine−gun in an MI turret. A payload of 1600 kg of bombs was also carried.
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FIAT CR.32
The Fiat CR.32 was an Italian single−seat fighter biplane of the mid−1930s produced from 1935 to 1937 when production was abandoned in favour of the Fiat CR.42. The Fiat CR.32 was powered by a 600 hp Fiat A.30 RA bis 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 375 kmh and a range of 680 km. It was armed with two fixed forward firing Breda−SAFAT 7.7 mm machine−guns. Fiat CR.32s saw action during the Spanish Civil War with the Nationalist air force.
FIAT CR.42 The Fiat CR.42 Falco was an Italian single−seat fighter biplane of the Second World War developed by Celestino Rosatelli in response to an Italian Air Ministry requirement for a highly manoeuvrable fighter biplane, and made its first flight in 1938. The CR.42 was powered by a 840 hp Fiat A.74 R1C.38 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 420 kmh and a range of 775 km. It was armed with two fixed forward firing Breda−SAFAT 12.7 mm machine−guns and saw service with the Italian, German, Belgian, Hungarian and Swedish air forces.
FIAT G.46
The Fiat G.46 was an Italian one and two−seater trainer aircraft first flown in 1947. The Fiat G.46−4B two−seater model was powered by an Alfa Romeo 115 ter 6−cylinder in−line piston engine providing a top speed of 312 kmh and a range of 1000 km. Armaments consisted of a single machine−gun. The single−seater Fiat G.46−1B version was powered by an Alfa Romeo 115 bis engine.
FIAT G.50 The Fiat G.50 was an Italian all−metal cantilever low−wing monoplane single−seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by a 840 hp Fiat A.74 RC.38 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 472 kmh and a range of 670 km. It was armed with two fixed forward firing Breda−SAFAT 12.7 mm machine−guns and saw service with the Italian, Croatian, Finnish and Spanish air forces.
FIAT G.55
The Fiat G.55 Centauro was an Italian single−seat all metal low−wing monoplane fighter aircraft of the Second World War developed as an improvement of the Fiat G.50 and first flown in 1942. The G.55 was powered by a 1475 hp Fiat RA 1050 RC.58 Tifone 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine which was a 92
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft license built version of the German DB 605A engine, and provided a top speed of 630 kmh and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 engine−mounted cannon, two 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted in the wings and two Breda−SAFAT 12.7 mm machine−guns mounted in the fuselage. Under−wing racks could also carry two 160 kg bombs. After the war, Fiat continued to build the G.55 as a single−seat fighter/advanced trainer selling some to Argentina.
FIAT G.59 The Fiat G.59 was an Italian single−seater fighter and two−seater trainer aircraft produced in 1950 and 1951. The single−seater Fiat G.59−4A was powered by a Rolls−Royce Merlin 500/20 V−12 piston engine providing a top speed of 593 kmh and a range of 1000 km. Armaments consisted of two machine−guns, or in export models sometimes four 20 mm cannons.
FIAT G.82
The Fiat G.82 was an Italian two−seater trainer aircraft produced in 1954 as a contender for a NATO trainer aircraft. The Fiat G.82 was not selected and the five models were transferred to an Italian jet training school before going to an experimental squadron and eventually being retired in 1959. The Fiat G.82 was powered by a Rolls−Royce Nene 2/21 turbojet providing a top speed of 910 kmh and a range of 1600 km.
FIAT G.91 The Fiat G.91 'Small Sabre' was an Italian single−seater fighter/reconnaissance and tactical support aircraft produced from 1958 to 1977. The Fiat G.91 R−3 was powered by a Bristol Siddeley Orpheus 801/02 turbojet providing a top speed of 1090 kmh and a range of 1850 km. Armaments consisted of two 30 mm cannons and 1500 lbs of bombs. Variations of the Fiat G.91 were produced including a two−seater trainer aircraft, the G.91 T−1 and an assault version, the G.91 Y, powered by two General Electric J85−GE−13A turbojets providing a top speed of 1110 kmh and a range of 1500 km, and which was armed with two 30 mm cannons and carried 4000 lbs of bombs.
FIAT RS.14 The Fiat RS.14 was an Italian long−range maritime reconnaissance flying boat of the Second World War first flown in 1939, and used for anti−submarine patrols around the Italian coast, Sicily and Sardinia. The RS.14 was powered by two 840 hp Fiat A.74 RC.38 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 390 kmh and a range of 2500 km. Armaments consisted of one 12.7 mm machine gun, two 7.7 mm machine−guns and up to 400 kg of bombs.
FIESELER FI 156 The Fieseler Fi 156 Storch was a German army co−operation/reconnaissance STOL aircraft of the Second World War. The Fi 156 was a braced high−wing monoplane of mixed construction manned by a crew of three. It was powered by a 240 hp Argus As 10C−3 8−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine which provided a top speed of 175 kmh and a range of 385 km. Armaments consisted of a single rearward firing 7.92 mm machine−gun on a trainable mount. As well as seeing service with the Luftwaffe, the Fi 156 was also used by Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, USA and USSR.
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FIREBRAND
The Blackburn B 37 Firebrand was a British single−seat torpedo−carrier and Fleet Fighter aircraft of the Second World War, first flown in 1945. The Firebrand was an all−metal construction low−wing cantilever monoplane powered by a 200 hp Bristol Centaurus IX eighteen−cylinder sleeve−valve air cooled radial engine giving a maximum unladen speed of 563 kmh. The Firebrand was armed with four 20 mm Hispano cannons, two in each outer wing and carried a single torpedo on a Blackburn two−position mounting below the fuselage.
FIREFLY See "T−3A"
FLAMINGO See "De Havilland DH 95"
FLEET SHADOWER See "AS 39"
FLIR FLIR (forward looking Infrared) is a device used on aircraft that reads the heat signatures of ground items and is optimised to show ground detail and large objects.
FLYING FORTRESS See "Boeing B−17"
FLYING PANCAKE See "Chance Vought XF5U−1"
FMA IA−35 The FMA IA−35 Huanquero is an Argentine military advanced crew trainer aircraft in service since 1957. The FMA IA−35 is powered by two IA 19R E1 Indio radial piston engines providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 1570 km. The FMA IA−35 carries a flight crew of three and up to seven passengers or freight in the cabin.
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FMA IA−50
The FMA IA−50 Guarani II is an Argentinean short/medium−range light utility transport plane first flown in 1962, entering service in 1967. The FMA IA−50 Guarani II is powered by two Turbomeca Bastan VIA turboprops providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 2575 km. The FMA IA−50 Guarani II is manned by a crew of two and can carry up to 15 passengers or 1500 kg of freight in the cabin.
FMA IA−58A The FMA IA−58A Pucara is an Argentinean two−seater light attack and counter−insurgency aircraft, first flown in 1969 and entering service in 1974. The FMA IA−58A Pucara is powered by two Turbomeca Astazou XVIG turboprops providing a top speed of 750 kmh and a range of about 325 km depending upon payload. It is armed with two 20 mm Hispano−Suiza MS−2804 cannon or two 30 mm DEFA 553 cannon and four 7.62 mm FN−Browning machineguns, all located in the nose and up to 1620 kg of disposable stores carried on three hard points, one under the fuselage and one under each wing.
FMA IA−63
The FMA IA−63 Pampa is an Argentine basic/advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capability first flown in 1983, entering service in 1988. The FMA IA−63 is powered by a Garrett TFE731−2−2N turbofan providing a top speed of 819 kmh and a range of 450 km, varying with load. The FMA IA−63 carries a crew of two or pupil and instructor and can carry up to 1160 kg of disposable stores on five hard points, one under the fuselage rated at 250 kg and four under the wings, the inner under−wing hard points being rated at 400 kg and the outer under−wing hard points at 250 kg.
FN 310 The Nardi FN 310 was an Italian liaison and communications aircraft of the Second World War, serving until 1943. The aircraft was a four−seat cabin monoplane of mixed construction with a cantilever low−set wing and tail wheel landing gear intended primarily for the civilian market, a number were used by the Italian air force. It had a top speed of 186 mph and a range of 1400 km.
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FOKKER 50 The Fokker 50 is a twin−turboprop, short−haul regional airliner capable of carrying 50 passengers.
FOKKER D.VII
The Fokker D.VII was a single−seater fighter scout aircraft used by the German forces during the Great War. It was famed for it's manoeuvrability and was powered by either a Mercedes 160 hp or BMW 185 hp engine providing a top speed of 120 mph (Mercedes engine) or 124 mph (BMW engine). It was armed with two 7.92 mm Spandau machine−guns firing through the propeller.
FOKKER F 27 The Fokker F 27 is a Dutch short/medium−range passenger airliner developed after the Second World War and first flown in 1955 as a prototype and in 1957 as a production aircraft. The Fokker F 27 is produced in a number of variations, including civilian and military models, the civilian models typically having a passenger capacity of between 32 and 40 passengers. The Fokker F 27 is powered by two Rolls−Royce Dart RDa.7 Mk 536−7R turboprops providing a top speed of 480 kmh and a range of about 1850 km depending upon variant and load. The Fokker F 27 Maritime is a military medium−range maritime reconnaissance version.
FOKKER F 28 The Fokker F 28 Fellowship MK 4000 is a Dutch short/medium haul commercial airliner. The Fokker F 28 was launched as a successor to the Fokker F 27 in 1962. It is smaller and lighter than other contemporary twin−jets such as the BAe One−Eleven. Highly manoeuvrable in flight, it is designed for STOL with a wing sweepback of only 16 degrees for good handling at low speed, leading−edge slats and double−slotted flaps. There are no thrust−reversers; instead, the F 28 has powerful air brakes which, uniquely, form the tail end of the fuselage, and highly effective wheel brakes. This aircraft can take off from 6,000−foot long runways, or at altitudes as high as 15,000 feet. The F 28 was produced in a cooperative risk−sharing programme in which Shorts of Belfast designed the rear fuselage, MBB of West Germany the pods for the Rolls−Royce Spey turbofan engines, and Fokker's German partner VFW, the tail and other fuselage sections. It is powered by two Rolls−Royce RB 183−2 Spey Mk 555−15H turbofans giving a top speed of 843 kmh and a range of up to 4000 km depending upon load. The F 28 carries a crew of two or three and 85 passengers seated five−abreast.
FOKKER S.11
The Fokker S.11 Instructor was a Dutch primary flying trainer aircraft developed immediately after the Second World War and in service from 1949 to 1976. The Fokker S.11 was powered by an Avco Lycoming O−435−A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 695 km. The Fokker S.11 96
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft carried a pilot and instructor side−by−side with provision for a passenger in the rear of the cockpit.
FOKKER S.14 The Fokker S.14 was a Dutch two−seater trainer aircraft produced from 1951 to 1955. The Fokker S.14 was powered by a Rolls−Royce Derwent turbojet providing a top speed of 716 kmh and a range of 900 km.
FOLLAND FO−141
The Folland FO−141 (Gnat) was a British fighter aircraft designed for export. A Bristol Siddeley Orpheus 101 turbojet engine provided a top speed of 1026 kmh and a range of 800 km from 240 gallons of fuel carried internally and 60 gallons in two under−wing drop tanks. An advanced trainer variation was also produced and used by the British RAF from 1962 until 1979.
FORD M39 The Ford M39 is an American 20 mm calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. The Ford M39 was developed by a team at the Illinois Institute of Technology from the German Second World War Mauser MG213C cannon. The Ford M39 has a rate of fire of 1700 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 870 mps.
FOUGA ZEPHYR The Fouga Zephyr was a French two−seater trainer aircraft developed from the Aerospatiale CM 170 and first flown in 1956. The Fouga Zephyr was powered by two Turbomeca Marbore IIB turbojets providing a top speed of 649 kmh and a range of 770 km. The Fouga Zephyr was armed with two machine−guns and could carry 100 kg of bombs.
FUJI KM−2 The Fuji KM−2 is an American−designed Japanese two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft developed from the Beech Model 45T. The Fuji KM−2B model is powered by a Textron Lycoming IGSO−480−A1 A6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 413 kmh and a range of 965 km.
FUJI KM−2KAI
The Fuji KM−2Kai is a turboprop variant of the Fuji KM−2 primary flying trainer developed for the Japanese Maritime Self−Defence Force and providing liaison capability in addition to being a trainer aircraft. The Fuji KM−2Kai is powered by an Allison 250−B17D turboprop providing a top speed of 413 kmh and a range of 945 km. The Fuji KM−2Kai carries a pupil and instructor side−by−side with provision for two passengers in the rear of the cabin.
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FUJI T−1 The Fuji T−1 is a Japanese intermediate flying and armament trainer aircraft in service since 1960. The Fuji T−1 is powered by a Rolls−Royce Orpheus Bor.3 Mk 805 turbojet providing a top speed of 925 kmh and a range of 1300 km. The Fuji T−1 carries a pupil and instructor in tandem.
FW 189
The Focke−Wulf Fw 189 Uhu was a German two−seat short−range reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War first produced in 1937. The Fw 189 was powered by two 465 hp Argus As 410A−1 12− cylinder inverted−Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 335 kmh and a range of 670 km. Armaments of the Fw 189−A−1 model consisted of two trainable 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−guns and two fixed 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−guns and four 50 kg bombs.
FW 190 The Focke−Wulf Fw 190 was a German single−seat fighter/fighter bomber aircraft of the Second World War, first flying in 1938 and the first intact specimen being captured in Britain in 1942. The Fw 190D−9 was powered by a 1776 hp Junkers Jumo 213A−1 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine providing a top speed of approximately 685 kmh and a range of 835 km. The Fw 190 was armed depending upon version with machine−gun or cannon under each wing, the 190D−9 being armed with two 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns and two 20 mm MG 151 cannons and a 500 kg SC500 bomb. The Fighter−bomber variant (Fw 190−A5/U3) was equipped with wing and fuselage bomb−racks.
FW 190G The Focke−Wulf Fw 190G was a German specialist ground attack aircraft variant of the Focke−Wulf Fw 190 used during the Second World War. The Fw 190G was armed with two 20 mm MG 151 cannons and carried a 1800 kg bomb or SC 500 500 kg bomb and two 300 litre fuel tanks under the wings for extra range.
FW 200
The Focke−Wulf Fw 200 Condor was a German long−range reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the Second World War, first flown in 1937 and used primarily for long range maritime patrols, although they were also used on the Eastern Front for transport duties. The Fw 200C−3/U4 was powered by four 1200 hp Bramo 323R 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 3560 km. The Fw 200C−3/U4 was armed with four 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns in the dorsal and beam positions and one MG 131 or one 20 mm MG 151 machine−gun in a ventral gondola, and carried four 250 kg bombs.
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FW 44 The Focke−Wulf Fw 44 Stieglitz was a German two−seater trainer biplane first produced in 1932 and used throughout the Second World War to train Luftwaffe pilots. The Fw 44 was powered by a 150 hp Siemens Sh 14a 7−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 185 kmh and a range of 675 km.
FW 56
The Focke−Wulf Fw 56 Stosser was a German single−seat advanced trainer aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1936. The Fw 56 was powered by a 240 hp Argus As 10C 8−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 278 kmh and a range of 400 km. Armaments consisted of two 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−guns. the Fw 56 was used by both fighter and dive bombing training schools of the Luftwaffe.
G.A.L. HAMILCAR The G.A.L. Hamilcar was a British tank or vehicle carrying glider of the Second World War. It was originally designed to carry the Tetrarch tank or two universal cariers. Later, however, it was adapted to carry a great variety of military loads. It had a carrying capacity of eight long tons.
GATS/GAM GATS/GAM is an all−weather, launch and leave, near precision weapon system for aircraft which provides a CEP (circle of error probability) of less than 20 feet.
GAU−12 The General Electric GAU−12/U Equaliser is an American, 25 mm calibre NATO, five−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. It has a normal rate of fire of 3600 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1000 mps for armour piercing ammunition.
GAU−13 The General Electric GAU−13/A is an American, 30 mm calibre, four−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. It is a lightweight version of the GAU−8 for fitting to ground−attack aircraft for attacking ground targets. It has a normal rate of fire of 2400 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 988 mps for armour piercing ammunition.
GAU−2
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The GAU−2/A is an American 7.62 mm calibre, six−barrel medium machine−gun fitted to aircraft. The GAU−2/A has a fixed rate of fire of 4000 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 838 mps giving an effective range of 1370 meters. The GAU−2B/A is a variable rate of fire model, with the rate of fire variable up to 4000 rounds per minute.
GAU−8 The General Electric GAU−8/A Avenger is an American 30 mm calibre, seven−barrelled cannon fitted to aircraft. The GAU−8/A Avenger is designed as a tank killing cannon, and fires special armour piercing ammunition in ten two−second bursts separated by a one−minute cooling period, with a muzzle velocity of 988 mps and an effective range of 1235 meters. With armour penetration of 69 mm at 500 meters and 38 mm at 1000 meters.
GEKKO See "Nakajima J1N"
GIAT M30 The Giat M30/791 is a French 30 mm calibre single barrel revolver cannon fitted to aircraft as a replacement for the DEFA 550 series. The Giat M30/ 791 has a selectable rate of fire of 300/600, 1500 and 2500 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1025 mps.
GIAT M621
The Giat M621 is a French 20 mm calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon produced since 1974 and fitted to aircraft. The Giat M621 was primarily designed for use on helicopters, and was developed between 1962 and 1973 based on the AME582. The Giat M621 has a selectable rate of fire of single−shot, 300 and 740 rounds per minute, and a muzzle velocity of 1030 mps offering an effective range of 1500 meters.
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GINKA See "Yokosuka P1Y"
GLOBEMASTER III See "C−17"
GLOSTER GLADIATOR The Gloster Gladiator was a British made biplane used by the Swedish and Finnish air forces during the Second World War. It had a top speed of 253mph. It was armed with 2 .303 inch Browning machine−guns in the fuselage. It had a range of 428 miles.
GLOSTER JAVELIN The Gloster Javelin was a British two−seater all−weather fighter aircraft in service with the RAF from 1956 to 1968. The Gloster Javelin was powered by two Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire 203 turbojets providing a top speed of 1130 kmh and a range of 1530 km. Armaments consisted of two 30 mm cannons and four Firestreak air−to−air missiles carried on four under−wing hard points. The Gloster Javelin was the last production aircraft produced by the Gloster company.
GLOSTER METEOR
The Gloster Meteor was a British single−seat twin−jet fighter monoplane of the Second World War. It was the only Allied jet−propelled aeroplane to go into operational service during the war, and was armed with four 20 mm British Hispano cannons mounted alongside the pilot and firing forward. A camera gun was also included in the fuselage nose which was linked to the cannon firing mechanism, or could be used independently. The Gloster Meteor F1 was powered by two Rolls−Royce Welland centrifugal turbojets providing a top speed of 410 mph, the F4 was powered by two Rolls−Royce Derwent 5 engines providing a top speed of 550 mph.
GLOSTER METEOR NF The Gloster Meteor NF was a series of British two−seater night fighters developed from 1949. The NF series were powered by two Rolls−Royce Derwent 8 turbojets, delivering a top speed of 580 mph (slightly improved to 585 mph in the last of the series, the Mk 14) and a range of 1580 km. They were armed with four Hispano 20 mm cannons in the wings.
GLOSTER WHITTLE E28/39 The Gloster Whittle E28/39 was Britain's first jet aircraft.
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GORDON MK I
The Fairey Gordon Mk I was a British attack and close support aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1931 to 1941. The Gordon Mk I was designed by the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd during the 1920s as a replacement for the Fairey IIIF Mk IV day bomber, and entered service with No. 40 Squadron in April 1931. The Gordon Mk I was manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and observer/gunner seated in tandem in open cockpits. One Armstrong Siddeley Panther IIA radial piston engine rated at 525 hp provided a top speed of 145 mph and a range of 965 km. The Gordon Mk I was armed with one 0. 303 inch Vickers Mk II fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the port side of the forward fuselage firing through the propeller disc and one 0.303 inch Lewis Mk III trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 500 lb of disposable stores could be carried on four under−wing hard points.
GOTHA G VB The Gotha G Vb was a heavy bomber used by the German army during the Great War.
GOTHA GO 145
The Gotha Go 145 was a German two−seat basic trainer wooden construction biplane of the Second World War first flown in 1934. The Gotha Go 145B was powered by a 240 hp Argus As 10C inverted−Vee piston engine which provided a top speed of 212 kmh and a range of 630 km. From December 1942 Gotha Go 145 aircraft were also used on the Eastern Front as nuisance raiders, dropping small bombs on the Soviet positions during darkness.
GOTHA GO 242
The Gotha Go 242 was a German assault glider of the Second World War, entering service in 1942. It was manned by a crew of two and had provision for carrying up to 21 fully equipped troops or the equivalent weight in cargo. Gotha Go 244 The Gotha Go 244 was a German assault cargo/troop transport aircraft of the Second World War 102
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft developed by fitting two 700 hp Gnome−Rhone 14M 14−cylinder radial piston engines to a Gotha Go 242 assault glider. The Gotha Go 244 had a top speed of 290 kmh and a range of 600 km.
GPU−5 The General Electric GPU−5 is the podded installation version of the GAU−13 aircraft cannon.
GRAF−ZEPPELIN
The Graf−Zeppelin LZ−127 was a German hydrogen−filled civil airship which operated a passenger service bwetween Friedrichshafen and Buenos Aries in the South Atlantic. The Graf−Zeppelin was 776 feet long and 100 feet in diameter and was powered by five Maybach engines providing a top speed of 80 mph.
GRIPEN See "JAS 39"
GRUMMAN A−6E
The Grumman A−6E/TRAM Intruder is an American two−seater carrier−borne all−weather strike and attack aircraft, first flown in 1960 that entered service in 1963. The Grumman A−6E is powered by two Pratt and Whitney J52−P−408 turbojets providing a top speed of 1037 kmh and a range of 1627 km fully laden. It carries up to 18,000 lbs of disposable stores on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing. Ordnance carried is typically three B57 10/20 kiloton free−fall nuclear bombs; three B61 100/500 kiloton free−fall nuclear bombs; six AGM−84 Harpoon missiles; six AGM−65 Maverick missiles; four AGM−45 Shrike missiles; four AGM−62 Walleye EO−guided glide bombs; four GBU−10 Paveway II 1000 lb laser−guided bombs; fifteen Mk 83 1000 lb free fall bombs; fifteen Mk 82 500 lb free fall bombs; fifteen Rockeye Mk 20 cluster bombs; four drop tanks or combinations.
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GRUMMAN AF−2 The Grumman AF−2 Guardian was an American assault and anti−submarine aircraft first produced in 1950. Two variations were produced, the AF−2W fitted with radar and the AF−2S attack aircraft. In use they would work in pairs, one locating enemy submarines and the other attacking. The AF−2S was powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−2800−48W Double Wasp 18−cylinder air−cooled radial engine which provided a top speed of 510 kmh and a range of 2410 km. She was manned by a crew of two and carried either a 2000 lb torpedo or 4000 lb of bombs.
GRUMMAN F−14
The Grumman F−14 (Tomcat) is the US Navy's carrier based two−seat fleet air defence, intercept, strike and reconnaissance aircraft. The aircraft was developed by Northrop Grumman, for US Navy aircraft carrier operations, to replace the McDonnell Douglas F−4 Phantom fighter aircraft. The first F−14A entered service with the US Navy in 1972. In 1987 the F−14B with an upgraded engine went into production. Further upgrades in the radar, avionics and missile capability resulted in the F−14D Super Tomcat which first flew in 1988. The F−14 is armed with a General Electric Vulcan 20 mm gun model M61A−1. The gun, with 675 rounds of ammunition, is mounted internally in the forward section of the fuselage on the port side. The aircraft has eight hard points for carrying ordnance, four on the fuselage, and two each side under the fixed section of the wings. The aircraft can carry the short, medium and long range air−to−air missiles AIM−9, AIM−7 and AIM−54, and air−to−ground ordnance including the Rockeye bomb and CBU cluster bombs. The F−14B and the F−14D Super Tomcat have two F110−GE−400 turbofan engines developed by General Electric. The engines are rated at 72 kN and 120kN with after burn. There are five internal fuel tanks which carry 9,000 litres and are located in the fixed section and the outer section of the wings and in the rear section of the fuselage between the engines. The aircraft can carry out air−to−air refuelling for extended mission times. A retractable refuelling probe is installed on the starboard side of the fuselage forward of the front cockpit.
GRUMMAN F7F
The Grumman F7F Tigercat was an American twin−engined carrier−borne single−seater fighter aircraft produced during the mid 1940s. The Grumman F7F was powered by two R−2800−34W engines providing a top speed of 435 mph and a range of 1932 km, and was armed with four 20 mm cannons and four 0.5 inch machine−guns and had provision to carry 1000 lbs of ordnance under each wing and a torpedo under the fuselage.
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GRUMMAN F8F BEARCAT The Grumman F8F Bearcat was an American single−seater fighter aircraft produced from the mid 1940's. The Grumman F8F Bearcat was powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−2800−34W Double Wasp, 18−cylinder, air−cooled radial piston engine rated at 2100 hp which provided a top speed of 677 kmh and a range of 1780 km. The Grumman F8F Bearcat was armed with four 20 mm cannons.
GRUMMAN F9F−2 The Grumman F9F−2 (Panther) was an American single−seater, jet fighter designed in 1947 and used by the US Navy during the Korean War. The Grumman F9F−2 was the first jet fighter produced by the Grumman company, and was originally designed as a sea borne night−fighter. The Grumman F9F−2 was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J42−P−6 turbojet which provided a top speed of 846 kmh and a range of 2180 km. It was armed with four 20 mm cannons and a payload of 2000 lb of bombs.
GRUMMAN F9F−8 The Grumman F9F−8 (Cougar) was an American single−seater, jet fighter developed in 1953 from the earlier F9F range of jet fighters. The Grumman F9F−8 was powered by a Pratt and Whitney J42−P−8 turbojet which provided a top speed of 1110 kmh and a range of 1610 km. It was armed with four 20 mm cannons and a payload of 4000 lb of bombs.
GRUMMAN G−121 See "Grumman S−2"
GRUMMAN G−123I
The Grumman G−123I (C−2A Greyhound) is an American short/medium−range land−based and carrier−borne onboard delivery transport plane that entered service in 1966. The Grumman G−123I was developed from the Grumman G−123 (E−2 Hawkeye) airborne early warning plane in 1961. The Grumman G−123I is powered by two Allison T56−A−425 turboprops providing a top speed of 574 kmh and a range of 2890 km. The Grumman G−123I carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 28 passengers or 12 litters plus attendants or 10000 lbs of freight for carrier operation or 15000 lbs of freight for land operation.
GRUMMAN G−128 The Grumman G−128 (EA−6 Prowler) is an American carrier borne electronic warfare platform warplane developed from the Grumman A−6E and entered service in 1972. The Grumman G−128 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney J52−P−408 turbojets providing a top speed of 1315 kmh and a range of 1770 km depending upon load. The Grumman G−128 carries a crew of four and up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points, typically four AGM−88 HARM anti−radar missiles.
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GRUMMAN G−96
The Grumman G−96 (TF−1 Trader) was an American short/medium−range land−based and carrier−borne onboard delivery transport plane in service from 1955 to 1986. The Grumman G−96 was powered by two Wright R−1820−82 or −82A Cyclone radial piston engines providing a top speed of 450 kmh and a range of 1788 km. The Grumman G−96 was manned by a crew of two and carried up to nine passengers or 8500 lbs of freight in the cabin.
GRUMMAN S−2
The Grumman S−2 (Grumman G−121) Tracker is an American carrier−borne and land−based anti−submarine and maritime patrol aircraft that entered service in 1954. The Grumman S−2 is powered by two Wright R−1820−82WA Cyclone radial piston engines providing a top speed of 426 kmh and a range of 1853 km or nine hours flying time. The Grumman S−2 is manned by a flight crew of two and mission crew of two and can carry 2182 kg of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and on six under−wing hard points.
GRUMMAN SA−16
The Grumman SA−16 (Albatross) also known as the Grumman G−111 and the Grumman HU−16, is an American utility amphibian flying boat used exclusively for Search and Rescue (SAR), they entered service in 1949 and played an important role in both the Korean War and Vietnam War by rescuing downed airmen. The SA−16 is powered by two Wright R−1820 engines providing a top speed of 250 mph and a range of 2640 km. The SA−16 carries a flight crew of four and a mission crew of two and has a cabin configured for ten passengers, or 12 litters plus one attendant or 22 troops or 5000 lb of freight. 106
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GRUMMAN WF−1
The Grumman WF−1 Tracer was an American reconnaissance/early warning aircraft variation of the Grumman S−2, that entered service in 1958 with the US Navy being withdrawn in 1965. The Grumman WF−1 was powered by two Wright R−1820−82WA Cyclone 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 466 kmh and a range of 1450 km. The Grumman WF−1 was unarmed and carried a crew of four.
GRUMMANN G−123 The Grumman G−123 is an American transport aircraft. It is powered by two Allison T56−A−425 turboprop engines giving a top speed of 560 kmh and a mission range of 370 km. The E−2 Hawkeye is an American airborne early warning, surface surveillance and strike control aircraft version of the Grumman G−123. The E−2 Hawkeye carries a flight crew of two and an Airborne Tactical Data System team of three in independent operating stations. The C−2A Greyhound is a short/medium−range land−based and carrier−borne onboard delivery transport version of the Grummann G−123 and carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 28 passengers or 12 litters plus attendants or 15000 lbs (10000 lbs carrier−borne) of freight.
GSH−23 The GSh−23 is a Soviet aircraft gun firing 23 mm calibre ammunition and AM−23 cartridges. The maximum fire rate is 3,000 rounds per minute and the muzzle velocity is 715 metres per second.
GSH−301 The GSh−301 is a Soviet 30 mm calibre aircraft gun with a maximum rate of fire of 1,500 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 860 metres per second.
GULFSTREAM I
The Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream I (TC−4C Academe) is an American radar systems trainer aircraft in service since 1959. The Gulfstream I is powered by two Rolls−Royce Dart RDa.7/2 Mk 529−8X turboprops providing a top speed of 587 kmh and a range of 3185 km. The Gulfstream I carries a flight crew of two, one instructor and up to six trainees in the cabin.
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GULFSTREAM II
The Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream II is an American medium/long−range VIP and staff transport aircraft designed by Grumman as the G−1159 as a turbofan−powered version of the Gulfstream I and entered service in 1968. The Gulfstream II is powered by two Rolls−Royce Spey RB.168 Mk 511−8 turbofans providing a top speed of 940 kmh and a range of 5568 km. The Gulfstream II carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 19 passengers in the cabin.
GULFSTREAM III
The Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream III is an American long−range multi−role light transport aircraft developed during the late 1970's and entered service in 1980. The Gulfstream III is powered by two Rolls−Royce Spey RB.168 Mk 511−8 turbofans providing a top speed of 929 kmh and a range of 6760 km. The Gulfstream III carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 19 passengers.
GULFSTREAM IV
The Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream IV is an American long−range multi−role light transport aircraft developed from the Gulfstream III in 1983, first flown in 1985 and entered service in 1987. The Gulfstream IV is powered by two Rolls−Royce Tay RB.183−03 Mk 611−8 turbofans providing a top speed of 943 kmh and a range of 6845 km fully laden. The Gulfstream IV carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 19 passengers or 4000 lbs of freight.
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HADRIAN See "Waco CG−4A"
HAL AJEET
The HAL Ajeet is an Indian single−seater interceptor and light attack aircraft, developed from the Folland Gnat lightweight fighter, and first flown in March 1975. The HAL Ajeet is powered by a HAL Orpheus Bor.2 Mk 701−O1 turbojet providing a top speed of 1225 kmh and a range of 175 km depending upon payload. It is armed with two 30 mm Aden Mk 4 cannon in the sides of the inlets and up to 1500 lbs of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing.
HAL HF−24
The HAL HF−24 Marut was an Indian single−seater ground−attack fighter in service from 1968 to the mid−1980's. The HAL HF−24 Marut was powered by two HAL Orpheus Bor.2 Mk 703 turbojets providing a top speed of 1134 kmh and a range of 772 km. The HAL HF−24 Marut was armed with four Aden Mk2 20 mm cannons in the sides of the forward fuselage and a Matra Type 105 extending pack under the fuselage with fifty 68 mm unguided rockets and up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
HAL HJT−16
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The HAL HJT−16 Kiran is an Indian two−seater basic/advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack and counter−insurgency capabilities that entered service in 1968. The HAL HJT−16 is powered by a HAL (Rolls−Royce Bristol Siddeley) Orpheus Bor.2 Mk 701−01 turbojet providing a top speed of 780 kmh and a range of 735 km. The HAL HJT−16 is armed with two 7.62 mm FN MAG machine−guns in the nose and can carry up to 1000 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points each rated at 500 kg.
HAL HPT−32
The HAL HPT−32 Deepak is an Indian side−by−side two seat primary/basic flying trainer aircraft. It is intended to provide grading and primary instruction after which pupils will switch to the HAL HJT−16 Kiran. The HPT−32 has provision for the inclusion of one or two additional seats at the rear of the cabin and also baggage space to enable it to function in a secondary liaison and communications role. The HAL HPT−32 is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−540−D4B5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 445 kmh and a range of 744 km.
HAL HT−2
The HAL HT−2 is an Indian two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft that entered service in 1953. The HAL HT−2 is powered by a Blackburn Cirrus Major Mk III inline piston engine providing a top speed of 209 kmh and a range of 563 km.
HALES BOMB The 20lb Hales bomb was an early British airborne bomb containing a warhead of 4.5 lbs of Amatol explosive and used during the Great War. The Hales bomb was fitted with a wire handle above the fins to enable the bomb to be hand dropped over the side of an aircraft.
HALIFAX
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The Handley Page HP 57 Halifax was a British four engined heavy bomber of the Second World War. The prototype Halifax flew in October 1939 and was fitted with four Rolls Royce Merlin X engines and had a maximum speed of 448 kmh. The first production Halifax, the mark I flew in October 1940, and the Halifax went into service in March 1941. The original Halifaxs were armed with eight 0.303 inch machine−guns, two in a Boulton Paul nose turret, four in a Boulton Paul tail turret and two hand−operated beam−guns. Later a Boulton Paul Hudson−type two−gun turret was introduced in the mid−upper position in place of the two beam−guns. The production Halifax had a maximum speed of 432 kmh and a range of 4800 km. A crew of seven was normally carried comprising of two pilots, navigator, radio operator and three gunners. A bomb load of 6580 kg could be carried.
HAMPDEN
The Handley Page Hampden was a British mid−wing cantilever monoplane bomber aircraft of the Second World War. It carried a crew of four and was armed with one fixed and one movable Vickers machine−gun firing forward, two Vickers machine−guns mounted on top and two below the fuselage firing aft. It was powered by two 1000 hp Bristol Pegasus air−cooled radial engines.
HANDLEY PAGE HASTINGS
The Handley Page Hastings was a British transport aircraft produced from 1946 to 1950 and in service until the late 1960's. The Handley Page Hastings was powered by four Bristol Hercules 106, 14−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 560 kmh and a range of 6840 km. The Handley Page Hastings carried a flight crew of five and up to 50 passengers.
HANDLEY PAGE HP42
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The Handley Page HP42 was a passenger airliner, and the world's first four−engined aircraft. It was also the largest at the time. It made its first flight on November 17 1930 and a total of eight aircrafts were built for the new Imperial Airways who used it until 1940. Four Bristol Jupiter 550 hp provided a top speed of 130 mph. Two models of HP42 were made: the Heracles Class for the European arena carried 38 passengers and the Hanninbal class carrying 24 passengers on Intercontinental routes. The Handley Page HP42 was renowned for its saftey, which was billed as being due to foure engines, and in the ten years they were in service no Handley Page HP42 ever crashed.
HANDLEY PAGE O/100 The Handley Page O/100 biplane was the first true heavy bomber manufactured by the British. Specifically designed for the purpose of bombing Germany. The first planes flew in January 1917 and saw service during the Great War. The Handley Page O/100 was manned by a crew of four and had a top speed of 85 mph and an endurance of eight hours. It was armed with four or five machine−guns and carried 1792 lbs of bombs.
HANDLEY PAGE O/400 The Handley Page O/400 was a British heavy bomber used during the Great War. It entered service in 1918.
HARBIN Z−5 The Harbin Z−5 is a Soviet−designed Chinese utility medium helicopter based on the Soviet Mil Mi−4, produced from 1959. The Harbin Z−5 is powered by a Harbin Huosai−5A radial piston engine providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 400 km. The Harbin Z−5 carries a flight crew of two and up to 14 troops or 1500 kg of freight in the hold. The Harbin Z−5 is armed with a 7.62 mm or 0.5 inch machine−gun in an optional mounting under the fuselage and carries disposable stores on two hard points on the sides of the fuselage.
HARBIN Z−9
The Harbin Z−9 Haitun is a French−designed Chinese utility light helicopter, being a licensed version of the French Aerospatiale SA 365. The Harbin Z−9 is powered by two Zhuzhou Wozhou−8 turboshafts providing a top speed of 293 kmh and a range of 910 km. The Harbin Z−9 carries a flight crew of two and up to ten passengers or 1863 kg of freight in the cabin or 1600 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
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HARRIER The Harrier is a family of British VTOL multi−role fighter aircraft.
HARRIER FA2
The FA2 is a version of the Sea Harrier in service with the British Royal Navy. The aircraft is able to detect and destroy threats before the launch of an attack using long range weapon systems with look−down and shoot−down tactical capability. Its primary mission is to provide air defence for the navy carrier battle fleet particularly against low−flying attack aircraft armed with long range air−to−surface missiles. The design of the aircraft is optimised for air−to−air combat with secondary missions of surveillance and air−to−sea and air−to−ground attack. The FA2 is equipped with the AIM−120A AMRAAM (Advanced Medium Range Air−Air Missile). The AIM−9 (M and L variants) Sidewinder air−to−air missile provides the Harrier with capability for firing close range at an approaching enemy aircraft in a dog fight. The Sidewinder M and L variants have an all−aspect active optical seeker, a blast fragmentation warhead and high resistance to countermeasures. The Sea Harrier's anti−ship missile is the Sea Eagle. The single turbofan engine is the Rolls−Royce Pegasus Mark 104 or Mark 106 which has four rotatable cascade−type exhaust nozzles. For take−off the nozzles are initially in the fully aft position and then they are rotated partially downwards for lift off and acceleration. Viffing (vectoring in forward flight), a form of advanced combat manoeuvres developed by V/STOL pilots, is achieved by vectoring the nozzles at high speed for sudden deceleration and very tight turns. The 2,800 litres of fuel is stored in five tanks in the fuselage and two wing tanks, and provision is made for in−flight refuelling.
HAWK See "BA Hawk"
HAWK MK 100
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The British Aerospace Hawk Mk 100 is a British ground−attack warplane developed from the BA Hawk and first flow in 1992. The Hawk Mk 100 is intended as a single−seater ground−attack aircraft or two−seater trainer and is powered by a Rolls−Royce/Turbomeca Adour Mk 871 turbofan providing a top speed of Mach 1.2 and a typical range of 510 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of one Aden Mk 4 30 mm cannon in an optional under−fuselage pod and up to 3000 kg of disposable stores carried on five or seven hard points, one under the fuselage, the remainder under the wings.
HAWK MK 200
The British Aerospace Hawk Mk 200 is a British single−seater multi−role light warplane first flown in 1986 and entered into service in 1994. The Hawk Mk 200 is powered by a Rolls−Royce/Turbomeca Adour Mk 871 turbofan providing a top speed of Mach 1.2 and a maximum range of 1234 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of one or two Aden 25 25 mm cannons in the lower fuselage and up to 3000 kg of disposable stores carried on seven hard points, one under the fuselage the remainder under the wings.
HAWKER FURY
The Hawker Fury was a British biplane fighter aircraft of the 1930's, a counterpart to the Hawker Hart light bomber. The Hawker Fury was powered by a Rolls−Royce Kestrel IIS engine providing a top speed of 220 mph and a range of 434 km. Armaments consisted of two Vickers Mk3 machineguns with light bombs carried under the wings.
HAWKER HART
The Hawker Hart was a biplane. It was developed in 1928. Several versions were manufactured. The standard light bomber, and the demon which was a two−seat fighter, the hardy was designed for 114
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft general−purpose duties and the hind was a high−powered variation.
HAWKER HARTBEES
The Hawker Hartbees was a British built, South African attack and close−support warplane of the Second World War. It entered service in 1938 and was withdrawn in 1946. It had a top speed of 283 kmh and an endurance of just over three hours. Two hard points under the wings could each carry a single 112 lb bomb or eight 20 lb bombs. A single Vickers 0.303 inch machine−gun was mounted in the front left side of the fuselage and synchronised for firing through the propeller, a Lewis 0.303 inch machine−gun was mounted in the rear cockpit, firing backwards.
HAWKER HECTOR
The Hawker Hector was a British army co−operation warplane of the Second World War in service from 1937 to the late 1940s. The Hector was designed as a replacement for the Hawker Audax, and was designed as an improved Audax powered by a Napier Dagger IIIMS H−type piston engine rated at 805 hp providing a top speed of 187 mph and an endurance of 2 hours 25 minutes. The Hawker Hector was manned by a pilot and observer/gunner seated in tandem in open cockpits. Armaments consisted of one 0.303 inch Vickers Mk V fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the port side of the forward fuselage firing through the propeller disc, and one 0.303 inch Lewis trainable rearward firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 250 lb of disposable stores could be carried on two under−wing hard points.
HAWKER SEA FURY
The Hawker Sea Fury F.B.11 was a British single−seater fighter−bomber conceived during the Second World War produced from 1946 to 1952 that entered service in 1947 with the Fleet Air Arm. The Hawker Sea Fury was powered by a Bristol Centaurus 18 18−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engine providing a 115
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft top speed of 740 kmh and a range of 1130 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and 2000 lbs of bombs carried on under−wing hard points.
HAWKER SEA HAWK The Hawker Sea Hawk was a British carrier−borne single−seater fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft in service from 1953 to the 1980's. The Hawker Sea Hawk was powered by a Rolls Royce Nene RN.4 Mk 103 turbojet providing a top speed of 964 kmh and a maximum range of 463 km laden with two bombs and fitted with two drop−tanks. Armaments consisted of four Hispano Mk 5 20 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 2000 lb of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points
HAWKER SIDDELEY GNAT The Hawker Siddeley Gnat was a British single−seater fighter aircraft in service from 1958 to the late 1980's. The Hawker Siddeley Gnat was powered by a Rolls Royce Orpheus Bor.2 Mk 701−1 turbojet which provided a top speed of 1118 kmh and a maximum range of 805 km with two drop−tanks. Armaments consisted of two Aden Mk 4 30 mm cannons on the outer side of each inlet and up to 1000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
HAWKER SIDDELEY SEA VIXEN
The Hawker Siddeley Sea Vixen was a British two−seater fighter−bomber aircraft first flown in 1951, entering service with the Royal Navy in 1960 before being phased at the end of 1968. The Hawker Siddeley Sea Vixen was powered by two Rolls−Royce Avon 208 turbojets providing a top speed of 1050 kmh and a range of 965 km. Armaments consisted of four air−to−air missiles or 2000 lbs of bombs.
HAWKER TEMPEST
The Hawker Tempest was a British single−seat fighter and fighter−bomber monoplane of the Second World War. It was developed as a progression of the Typhoon in 1941, and the first prototype was flown in September 1942. The Tempest had a maximum speed of 696 kmh and was armed with four 20 mm British Hispano cannons in the wings, and was fitted with eight rocket projectiles or two 500 lb or 100 lb bombs under the wings.
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HAWKEYE See "E−2C"
HEINKEL HE 111
The Heinkel He 111 was a German twin−engined bomber aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by two 1200 hp Junkers Jumo engines giving it a top speed of 274 mph and a range of 2060 km. It was manned by a crew of five and was armed with one 20 mm MG FF Cannon; one 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun; five 7.92 mm MG 81Z machine−guns and carried a 1000 kg or 2000 Kg bomb load depending upon variant.
HEINKEL HE 115
The Heinkel He 115 was a German coastal reconnaissance seaplane of the Second World War developed as a replacement for the Heinkel He 59 and first flown in 1936. The Heinkel He 115 went on to set eight speed records over 1000 km and 2000 km courses carrying various payloads up to 2000 kg. The Heinkel He 115B−1 was powered by two 865 hp BMW 132N 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 355 kmh and a range of 3350 km. Armaments consisted of a fixed forward−firing 7.92 mm machine−gun and a rearward−firing 7.92 mm machine−gun plus a maximum bomb payload of 1250 kg. As well as being used by the Luftwaffe, the Heinkel He 115 was also in service with Finland, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
HEINKEL HE 162
The Heinkel He 162 Salamander was a German single−seat fighter aircraft hastily designed and built towards the end of the Second World War to counter Allied bombing raids on Germany. The Heinkel He 162 was first flown on the 6th of December 1944 and during its twenty minute flight achieved a 117
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft speed of 840 kmh before the starboard wing leading edge was torn off during a low−level pass and the pilot was killed in the ensuing high speed crash. The Heinkel He 162A−2 was powered by a thrust BMW 003A−1 turbojet engine providing a top speed of 840 kmh and a range of 660 km. It was armed with two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon.
HEINKEL HE 177
The Heinkel He 177 Greif (known to its crews as the Flaming Coffin) was a German heavy bomber and missile−carrier of the Second World War. The Heinkel He 177 was powered by two 2950 hp Daimler−Benz DB 610A/B engines each comprising two 12−cylinder inverted−Vee DB 605 engines close−coupled, an arrangement that frequently resulted in them igniting in flight. The Heinkel He 177 had a top speed of 490 kmh and a range of 5500 km. Armaments consisted of three 7.92 mm MG 81 machine−guns and three 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns and two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons and 1000 kg of bombs carried internally and two Henschel Hs 293 missiles carried under the wings.
HEINKEL HE 178
The Heinkel He 178 was a German jet propelled aircraft. It made its first flight in 1939.
HEINKEL HE 219
The Heinkel He 219 Uhu was a German two−seat night−fighter of the Second World War foolishly abandoned in favour of the Junkers Ju 388J and Focke−Wulf Ta 154. The Heinkel He 219 was powered by two 1900 hp Daimler−Benz DB 603G 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engines which provided a top speed of 670 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments consisted of four 30 mm MK 108 cannon, two 20 mm MG 151/ 20 cannon and two 30 mm MK 103 cannon.
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HEINKEL HE 45 The Heinkel He 45 was a German two−seat reconnaissance and trainer biplane of the Second World War, originally designed as a general−purpose military aircraft and first flown in 1932. The He 45C was powered by a 750 hp BMW VI 7,3Z 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 290 kmh and a range of 1200 km. The He 45C was armed with one fixed forward−firing 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−gun.
HEINKEL HE 46
The Heinkel He 46 was a German two−seat reconnaissance and army co−operation aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1932. The Heinkel He 46 was powered by a 650 hp Siemens SAM 22B 9− cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 1000 km. Armaments consisted of a 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−gun and twenty 10 kg bombs.
HEINKEL HE 50 The Heinkel He 50 was a German dive bomber and reconnaissance biplane of the Second World War in service from 1933 to 1944. The Heinkel He 50 was manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and observer/gunner seated in tandem in open cockpits. A Bramo 322B radial piston engine rated at 650 hp gave a top speed of 146 mph and a range of 600 km. The Heinkel He 50 was armed with a 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the forward fuselage and when used as a two seat reconnaissance aircraft a 7.92 mm MG 15 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 500 kg of disposable stores could be carried on a single under−fuselage hard point, generally comprising free−fall bombs.
HEINKEL HE 51
The Heinkel He 51 was a German single−seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War. Developed under the name He 49 during the early 1930s, the He 51 was first flown in 1933 and entered production in 1934 to serve with the Luftwaffe as its first fighter aircraft upon its formation in 1935. The Heinkel He 51B−1 was powered by a 750 hp BMW VI 7,3Z 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 330 kmh and a range of 570 km. Armaments consisted of two 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−guns. The Heinkel He 51 remained in service until 1938 when most were relegated to a role as trainer aircraft.
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HEINKEL HE 59 The Heinkel He 59 was a German coastal reconnaissance seaplane of the Second World War designed in 1930 as a reconnaissance bomber and first flown in 1931. The Heinkel He 59B−2 was powered by two 660 hp BMW VI 6,0ZU 12−cylinder Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 1750 km. It was armed with three 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−guns in the nose, dorsal and ventral positions and carried either a torpedo or 1000 kg of bombs.
HEINKEL HE 60
The Heinkel He 60 was a German ship borne reconnaissance and gunnery spotting seaplane of the Second World War, in service from 1933 to 1848. It carried a crew of two in tandem, open cockpits, and was armed with a 7.92 mm MG 15 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. The He 60 was powered by a 660 hp BMW VI 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 240 kmh and a range of 950 km.
HEINKEL HE 72 The Heinkel He 72 Kadett was a German two−seat primary trainer biplane of the Second World War powered by a 160 hp Siemens Sh 14A 7−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 185 kmh and a range of 475 km.
HELIO H−295 The Helio H−295 Super Courier is an American short−range STOL utility light transport aircraft developed during the 1950's and entered service in the late 1960's. The Helio H−295 is powered by one Textron Lycoming GO−480G1D6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 269 kmh and a range of 2220 km depending upon load. The Helio H−295 carries a crew of two and up to four passengers or 1000 lbs of freight in the cabin.
HELIOPOLIS GOMHOURIA
The Heliopolis Gomhouria is a German−designed Egyptian two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft based on the Bucker Bu 181A Bestmann. The Heliopolis Gomhouria entered service in 1952. The Heliopolis Gomhouria Mk 2 was powered by a Teledyne Continental C−145 engine providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 780 km, the later Heliopolis Gomhouria Mk 8R is powered by a Teledyne Continental O−300−A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 225 kmh and a range of 780 km.
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HENSCHEL HS 123 The Henschel Hs 123 was a German single−seater dive−bomber and close support biplane of the Second World War in service from 1936 to 1944. The Henschel Hs 123 was armed with two 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the upper part of the forward fuselage firing through the propeller disc. Up to 450 kg of disposable ordnance was carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings. The aircraft was powered by a BMW 132Dc radial piston engine rated at 880 hp providing a top speed of 212 mph at altitude and 207 mph at sea−level and a range of 908 km.
HENSCHEL HS 124 The Henschel Hs 124 was a German heavy fighter−bomber, reconnaissance and close support aircraft of the Second World War. Early models were powered by two Jumo 210C inverted V12 engines, later models by two BMW 132 Dc nine−cylinder radial engines, providing a top speed of 273 mph and a range of 4200 km.
HENSCHEL HS 126
The Henschel Hs 126 was a German two−seat short−range reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War, in service until 1942. The Henschel Hs 126 was powered by a 850 hp Bramo 323A−1 9−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 310 kmh and a range of 720 km. Armaments consisted of two 7. 92 mm MG 17 machine−guns and either one 50 kg or five 10 kg bombs.
HENSCHEL HS 129 The Henschel Hs 129 was a German single−seater close−support and anti−tank aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1942 to 1945. The Henschel Hs 129 was a cantilever low−wing monoplane of basically all−metal construction armed with two 20 mm MG 151/20 fixed forward−firing cannons in the upper sides of the forward fuselage and two 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward− firing machine−guns in the lower sides of the forward fuselage, and provision under the fuselage for a pack accommodating one 30 mm MK 101 fixed forward−firing cannon, or four 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward−firing machine guns. Up to 450 kg of disposable ordnance was carried on three hard points, one under the fuselage and one under each wing. Two Gnome−Rhone 14M−4/5 radial piston engines rated at 700 hp provided a top speed of 253 mph and a typical range of 560 km depending upon load.
HFB 320 HANSA
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The MBB HFB 320 Hansa is a German short−range utility light transport and ECM training aircraft entered into service with the then West German military in 1966. The HFB 320 Hansa is powered by two General Electric CJ610−5 turbojets providing a top speed of 825 kmh and a range of 2420 km when carrying four passengers. The HFB 320 Hansa carries a flight crew of two and up to twelve passengers or 4000 lbs of freight in the cabin.
HH−3E The Sikorsky HH−3E, (Jolly Green Giant), is a twin−engine, heavy−lift helicopter. It is used for search and recovery of personnel and aerospace hardware in support of global air and space operations. It is also used for combat and special operations. The HH−3E helicopter is a modified version of the CH−3 transport helicopter developed for aircrew rescue missions deep into enemy−held territory during the Vietnam War.
HILLER UH−12 The Hiller UH−12 Raven is an American utility light helicopter in service since 1948. The UH−12E model is powered by a Textron Lycoming VO−540−B1D flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 154 kmh and a range of 346 km. The Hiller UH−12 carries a pilot and up to two passengers or freight in the cabin.
HISPANO HA−200
The Hispano HA−200 Super Saeta was a Spanish two−seater advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft in service from 1963 to the mid−1980's. The Hispano HA−200 was powered by two Turbomeca Marbore VI turbojets providing a top speed of 790 kmh and a range of 932 km. The Hispano HA−200 was armed with two 0.5 inch CETME heavy machine−guns in the upper decking of the forward fuselage and could carry disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
HOLSTE MH.1521M BROUSSARD The Holste MH.1521M Broussard is a French short−range STOL light utility transport aircraft first flown in 1951 and entered into service in 1955. The Holste MH.1521M Broussard is powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−985−AN−1 Wasp Junior radial piston engine providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 800 km fully laden. The Holste MH.1521M Broussard carries a crew of one or two and up to five passengers or two litters and two passengers or 600 kg of freight in the cabin.
HORSA See "AS 51"
HOVERFLY I See "Sikorsky R−4B"
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HOVERFLY II See "Sikorsky R−6A"
HUDSON
The Lockheed Hudson was an American built reconnaissance bomber of the Second World War used by British coastal command. It was the military version of the Lockheed Fourteen commercial aeroplane and was armed with two machine−guns in the nose and two in a turret on top of the fuselage. A British Coastal Command Hudson was the first aircraft to capture a submarine.
HUEYCOBRA See "AH−1"
HUGHES Hughes are an American aircraft manufacturer.
HUGHES 500E The Hughes 500e is an American five−seat light utility helicopter.
HUGHES 500M The Hughes 500M (Little Bird) is an American army small tactical helicopter flown by units of the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment. It can cruise at speeds of 160 mph and is a derivation of the old OH−6 'Cayuse'. Among the weapons it can carry is the TOW missile and the aircraft can be equipped with two weapon pods on each side of the fuselage plus a telescopic nose sight for the gunner and a steering indicator for the pilot. A 30 mm chain gun can be fired at rates of up to 750 rounds per minute.
HUGHES 500MD The Hughes 500MD (Defender II) is an American light gunship and multi−role helicopter introduced in the early 1980s. The Hughes 500MD is armed with a twin Stinger air−to−air missile pod, an under−fuselage 30 mm chain gun. Alternatively, four TOW missiles can be carried for ground attack roles. The Hughes 500MD has a top speed of 175 mph and a range of 423 km.
HUNTING PERCIVAL JET PROVOST
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The Hunting Percival Jet Provost was a British two−seater basic trainer aircraft first flown in 1954 before entering service with the RAF. The Hunting Percival Jet Provost was powered by a Bristol Siddeley Viper ASV.8 turbojet providing a top speed of 530 kmh and a range of 793 km.
HUNTING PERCIVAL PROVOST The Hunting Percival Provost was a British two−seater basic trainer aircraft first flown in 1950, entering service with the RAF in 1951 until it was phased out during the 1960's. The Hunting Percival Provost was powered by an Alvis Leonides 126 9−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engine providing a top speed of 322 kmh and a range of 1040 km.
HURRICANE
The Hawker Hurricane was a series of British single−seat fighter and fighter−bomber monoplanes of the Second World War. Various version were armed with various weaponry, typically twelve Browning 0.303 inch machine−guns, or eight Browning 0.303 inch machine−guns, or four 20 mm Hispano cannons, or two 40 mm guns and two0.303 inch machine−guns all wing mounted. Wing racks could carry two 250 lb or 500 lb bombs, eight rocket projectiles or auxiliary fuel tanks. All models were powered by a single engine, the marks I and IA by a Merlin II or III 1030hp engine giving a top speed of 330 mph. Other models were fitted with the Merlin XX engine, and had various speeds around 320 mph.
IAI 1124 The IAI 1124 Sea Scan is an American−designed Israeli medium/long−range maritime patrol aircraft that entered service in 1976. The IAI 1124 is powered by two Garrett TFE731−3−1G turbofans providing a top speed of 872 kmh and a range of 4633 km at high altitude and 2555 km at low altitude. The IAI 1124 carries a flight crew of two and a two or three man mission crew in the cabin. Generally unarmed, the IAI 1124 is fitted with two hard points, one each side of the fuselage which can be used for carrying disposable stores.
IAI 201 ARAVA
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The IAI 201 Arava is an Israeli short−range STOL utility transport aircraft developed in the late 1960's and entered into service in the early 1970's. The IAI 201 Arava is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−34 turboprops providing a top speed of 397 kmh and a range of 1000 km depending upon payload. The IAI 201 Arava carries a crew of two and up to 24 troops or 16 paratroops and two dispatchers or 5100 lbs of freight carried in the hold.
IAR−317 The IAR−317 Airfox is a Romanian attack helicopter based upon the French Aerospatiale SA 316B Alouette III utility light helicopter. It is manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and a gunner sitting in tandem. A Turbomeca Artouste IIIB turboshaft provides a top speed of 220 kmh and a standard range of 525 km. It is armed with two 7.62 mm machine−guns mounted on the lower sides of the forward fuselage and carries up to 750 kg of disposable stores on six hard points, typically comprising four L−16 57 multiple launchers each carrying sixteen 55 mm unguided rockets or four pods each carrying two 7.62 mm machine−guns and 800 rounds of ammunition for each, or bombs or AT−3 Sagger anti−tank missiles and anti−air missiles.
IAR−80 The IAR−80 was a Romanian single−seater fighter aircraft of the Second World War, serving from 1942 to 1945. It had a top speed of 342 mph and a range of 940 km and was armed with six FN−Browning 7.92 mm fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the wing leading edges.
IAR−823
The ICA IAR−823 is a Romanian basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with secondary liaison capability in service since 1974. The IAR−823 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−540−G1D5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 400 kmh and a range of 800 km typically. The IAR−823 carries a pupil and instructor side−by−side and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin. Two under−wing hard points enable disposable stores such as gun pods or free−fall bombs to be carried.
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IAR−825 TP The ICA IAR−825 TP Triumf is a Romanian tandem two−seat basic/advanced trainer aircraft. It is powered by a 680 hp Pratt and Whitney PY6A−15AG engine or a 550 hp PT6A−25 turboprop, giving a top speed of 470 kmh and a flying time of three hours on a full tank of fuel.
IAR−93 See "Orao"
IAR−99 The Iav Craiova IAR−99 Soim is a Romanian two−seater advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with secondary light attack capability in service since 1987. The Iav Craiova IAR−99 Soim is powered by a Turbomecanica (Rolls−Royce/Bristol Siddeley) Viper Mk 632−41M turbojet providing a top speed of 865 kmh and a range of 1100 km depending upon load. The Iav Craiova IAR−99 Soim is armed with a 23 mm Gryazev−Shipunov GSh−23 two−barrel cannon in a removable ventral pack and can carry up to 1000 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points each rated at 250 kg.
IL−14
The Ilyushin Il−14 (Crate) is a Soviet short−range utility transport aircraft developed from the Ilyushin Il−12 aircraft during the early 1950's and entered into service in 1954. The Ilyushin Il−14is powered by two Shvetsov Ash−82T radial piston engines providing a top speed of 430 kmh and a range of 1500 km depending upon payload. The Ilyushin Il−14 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 36 passengers or 3300 kg of freight in the cabin.
IL−18 The Ilyushin Il−18 (Coot) is a Soviet medium/long−range medium capacity military transport aircraft developed between 1953 and 1957 and entered into service in 1965. The Ilyushin Il−18 is powered by four ZMDB Progress Al−20M turboprops providing a top speed of 685 kmh and a range of up to 6500 km depending upon payload. The Ilyushin Il−18 carries a flight crew of five and up to 120 passengers or 13500 kg of freight in the cabin.
IL−2
The Ilyushin IL−2 (Shturmovik) was a two−seater Russian close−support and anti−tank aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1941 to the late 1940s. It was powered by a Mikulin AM−38F Vee piston engine rated at 1770 hp providing a top speed of 258 mph and a typical range of 800 km. The Il−2 was armed with two 23 mm Volkov−Vartsyev fixed forward−firing cannons and two 0.3 inch ShKAS fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings, and one 0.5 inch Beresin UBT trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 1000 kg of disposable ordnance was 126
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IL−28 The Ilyushin Il−28 (Beagle) is a Soviet three−seater light bomber first flown in 1948 − thus being the first Soviet jet bomber produced − entering service in 1950. The Ilyushin Il−28 is powered by two Klimov VK−1A turbojets providing a top speed of 902 kmh and a maximum range of 2400 km. It is armed with two 23 mm NR−23 cannon in a fixed nose installation and two 23 mm NR−23 cannon in the tail turret. Up to 3000 kg of disposable stores can be carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay. The Il−28R variant is a three−seat tactical reconnaissance version with four or five cameras. This variant is also used for electronic intelligence gathering with a revised electronic fit. The Il−28U variant is an operational conversion trainer lacking radar and armament but fitted with a second cockpit in the nose.
IL−38
The Ilyushin IL−38 (May) is a Soviet long−range maritime patrol and anti−submarine jet developed from the Ilyushin Il−18 airliner and first flown in 1957. It is powered by four Ivchenko Al−20 single−shaft turboprops providing a top speed of 722 kmh and a range of 7200 km. The Ilyushin IL−38 carries a flight crew of three or four and a mission crew of eight or nine in the cabin. The Ilyushin IL−38 has a lower−fuselage weapons bay which may be used to carry anti−submarine stores such as torpedoes.
IL−62 The Ilyushin IL−62 (Classic) is a Soviet long−range military medium capacity transport and passenger jet based upon the British VC10, and first flown in 1963. The Ilyushin Il−62 is powered by four PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−30KU turbofans providing a top speed of 900 kmh and a range of 7800 km depending upon payload. The Ilyushin Il−62 carries a flight crew of five and up to 186 passengers or 23000 kg of freight in the cabin.
IL−76
The Ilyushin IL−76 (Candid) is a Soviet heavy−duty medium/long−haul military and commercial freighter aircraft. It was prototyped in 1971 and production started in 1974. It is manned by a crew of four, and can carry up to 140 fully equipped troops or 40,000 kg of freight. The military version is armed with two 23 mm cannons in a tail barbette. The Ilyushin IL−86 has a top speed of 850 kmh and a maximum range of 6,700 km unladen.
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IL−86 The Ilyushin IL−86 (Camber) is a Soviet medium−haul commercial airliner. Production of the IL−86 started in 1977 and deliveries to Aeroflot started in 1980. The IL−86 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 350 passengers seated nine−abreast in two aisles. It has a maximum cruising speed of 950 kmh and a range of 5000 km unladen, 4000 km fully loaded.
ILYUSHIN A−50
The Ilyushin A−50 (Mainstay) is a Russian AWACS aeroplane. It entered service in 1976 and carries standard communication and navigation equipment, weather and mapping radar, plus an automatic flight−control system, Vega Schmel−M surveillance and tracking radar, RWR, ECM and packs of 96 flares fitted in the landing gear fairings and the rear fuselage sides. It is powered by four PNPP D−30KP turbofans giving a top speed of 850 kmh. It carries a crew of 15.
IMPERIAL AIRWAYS Imperial Airways was formed in 1924 providing flights between Britain and Africa, Australia and north America. In 1939 imperial airways was reorganised into BOAC which in turn developed into BAC and British Airways.
JA 37 The Saab JA 37 is a Swedish single−seat all−weather interceptor fighter aircraft with secondary strike capability.
JAS 39
The Saab JAS 39A (single−seater) and JAS 39B (dual−seater) 'Gripen' are Swedish multi−role fighter aircraft first flown in December 1988 and in operational service with the Swedish Air Force. The Gripen is equipped to carry an extensive range of air−to−air and air−to−surface weaponry, including rocket pods, stand−off dispenser weapons, short and medium range air−to−air missiles, Maverick missiles and an internally mounted Mauser 27 mm cannon. The Gripen has seven external hard points for carrying payloads, one at each wingtip, two under each wing and one on the fuselage centreline. Sidewinder AIM−9L air−to−air missiles are mounted on the wingtips Anti−ship missiles include the radar guided Saab RBS15F and the Maverick missile. The air−to−air missiles include MICA and the AIM−120B.
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JAYHAWK See "T−1A"
JET PROVOST The British Aerospace Jet Provost is a British two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft that entered service in 1959. The British Aerospace Jet Provost is powered by a Rolls−Royce Viper ASV.11 Mk 202 turbojet providing a top speed of 708 kmh and a range of 1450 km with tip tanks.
JETSTAR See "Lockheed C−140"
JETSTREAM 31
The Handley Page HP 137 Jetstream 31 is a British light corporate transport and regional airliner. The Jetstream 31 is powered by two Turbomeca Astazou XVID turboprops providing a top speed of 555 kmh and a range of 2224 km. The Jetstream 31 can carry up to 19 passengers.
JETSTREAM 31EZ The Jetstream 31ez is an inshore maritime patrol version of the Jetstream 31. It is fitted with 360 degree radar and a search light and carries a crew of five.
JETSTREAM T.MK1 The Handley Page Jetstream T.Mk1 is a British military variant of the Jetstream 20 that entered military service in 1973 as a multi−engine pilot trainer aircraft. The Jetstream T.Mk1 is powered by two Turbomeca Astazou XVID turboprops providing a top speed of 555 kmh and a range of 2224 km. The Jetstream T.Mk1 carries a crew of two − pupil and instructor − and up to four passengers.
JOLLY GREEN GIANT See "HH−3E"
JRC−1 See "Cessna Model T−50"
JUMBO JET See "Boeing 747"
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JUNKERS F−13 The Junkers F−13 was a German passenger carrying aircraft. It entered service in 1919 and remained in use until the 1930s.
JUNKERS J4−10 The Junkers J4−10 was a two−seater low level fighter aircraft. It was the first all−metal aircraft built during the Great War.
JUNKERS JU 188
The Junkers Ju 188 was a German four−seat medium bomber of the Second World War. The Junkers Ju 188E− 1 was powered by two 1700 hp BMW 801D−2 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 1945 km. Armaments consisted of one forward firing 20 mm MG 151 cannon in the nose, a 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun in the dorsal turret, a 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun in the rear of the cockpit canopy and a rearward−firing 7.92 mm MG 81 machine−gun in the lower front fuselage, and a bomb load of 3000 kg.
JUNKERS JU 252 The Junkers Ju 252 was a German transport and utility aircraft of the Second World War. Design work started on the Ju 252 in 1939, and the first prototypes were built in 1940, the first flying in October 1941, entering service in 1943 before being withdrawn in 1944. The Junkers Ju 252 had a top speed of 272 mph and a typical range of 3000 km. It was armed with a 13 mm MG 131 trainable machine−gun in a power operated EDL 131 dorsal turret and two 7.92 mm MG 15 trainable lateral−firing machine−guns in two beam positions. A crew of three were carried and the aircraft provided accommodation for 32 passengers or 2000 kg of freight.
JUNKERS JU 290
The Junkers Ju 290 was a German long−range maritime reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Junkers Ju 89. The Junkers Ju 290A−7 was powered by four 1700 hp BMW 801D 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 440 kmh and a range of 6090 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm MG 151 cannon in each of two dorsal turrets, one MG 151 cannon in the tail position, one MG 151 cannon in the glazed nose, one MG 151 cannon in a ventral gondola in the nose, two 20 mm MG 151 cannons in lateral positions, one 13 mm MG 131 machine−gun in a rear ventral gondola, and either a bomb load of 3000 kg or three Henschel Hs 293, 294 or FX−1400 Fritz−X guided missiles.
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JUNKERS JU 352 The Junkers JU 352 (Herkules) was a German transport and utility aircraft of the Second World War, in service from 1944 to 1945. The Junkers JU352 had a top speed of 230 mph and a typical range of 1800 km. It was armed with one 20 mm MG 151/20 trainable cannon in a power operated HD 151/2 dorsal turret, and provision for two 13 mm MG 131 trainable lateral−firing machine−guns in the beam positions. The aircraft accommodated 4300 kg of freight and a crew of five.
JUNKERS JU 388 The Junkers Ju 388 was a series of mainly abortive German developments of the Junkers Ju 88 during the Second World War and included a fighter − the Junkers Ju 388J; a bomber − the Junkers Ju 388K and a reconnaissance model − the Junkers Ju 388L. Only the reconnaissance aircraft made it into production, and then less than fifty were built.
JUNKERS JU 388J The Junkers Ju 388J was an abortive German all−weather fighter aircraft of the Second World War, the project being scrapped after three prototypes had been constructed.
JUNKERS JU 388L
The Junkers Ju 388L was a German three−seat photographic reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War built between 1943 and 1944 when production was abandoned. The Ju 388L−1 was powered by two 1890 hp BMW 801TJ 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 615 kmh and a range of 3475 km when equipped with external tanks. Armaments consisted of a remotely− controlled FA15 tail barbette equipped with two 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns.
JUNKERS JU 52 The Junkers Ju 52 was a German medium bomber and troop transport aircraft of the Second World War produced from 1932 to 1944. The Ju 52 was powered by three 725 hp BMW 132A−3 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 1300 km when fitted with auxiliary tanks. Armaments consisted of a 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−gun in an open dorsal position and one in a retractable ventral position.
JUNKERS JU 86
The Junkers Ju 86 was a German bomber/reconnaissance aircraft and civilian passenger airliner of the Second World War. Early models were powered by two Jumo 205C engines providing a top speed of 175 mph and a range of 1500 km. Later models were powered by two BMW 132DC engines giving a top speed of 235 mph and a range of 1200 km. The Ju 86 was armed with three 7.92 mm MG 15 manually aimed 131
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JUNKERS JU 87 The Junkers Ju 87 (Stuka) was a German single−engine dive bomber of the Second World War. It was powered by a 1000hp Jumo engine giving it a top speed of 242 mph.
JUNKERS JU 87B−1 The Junkers Ju 87B−1 was a German fighter−bomber used during the Second World War. It was armed with two 7.9 mm MG 17 machine−guns in the wings, one 7.9 mm MG 15 machine−gun in the rear cockpit and it could carry a 1100lb bomb under the fuselage, or four 110lb bombs on the wings. It had a crew of two and a top speed of 217 mph. It had a range of 342 miles.
JUNKERS JU 88C
The Junkers Ju 88C was a German night−fighter of the Second World War, originally designed as a high−speed bomber but the performance of the prototypes was so impressive that it was decided to use the aircraft as a heavy fighter. It had a top speed of 307 mph and a typical range of 1040 km. It was armed with three 20 mm MG 151/20 fixed forward−firing cannons one in the nose and two in the ventral tray, three 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the nose, two 20 mm MG 151/20 obliquely upward and forward−firing cannons in the central fuselage and one 13 mm MG 131 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear of the cockpit.
JUNKERS JU 88G The Junkers Ju 88G was a German night−fighter of the Second World War, entering service in 1944 as an improvement upon the Junkers Ju 88C. The maximum speed was increased to 389 mph and the armaments were amended to four 20 mm MG 151/20 forward−firing cannons in the ventral tray, two 20 mm MG 151/20 obliquely upward and forward−firing cannons in the rear fuselage and one 13 mm MG 131 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear of the cockpit.
JUNKERS W34 The Junkers W34 was a German single−engine commercial transport plane developed in 1926 and adopted by the Luftwaffe during the Second World War as a navigational trainer and light transport aircraft. The Junkers W34hi was powered by a 600 hp BMW 132A 9−cylinder radial engine providing a top speed of 265 kmh and a range of 900 km. It could carry a pay load of 1500 kg, typically six seated passengers.
KA−25 The Kamov Ka−25 (Hormone) is a Soviet shipboard anti−submarine warfare helicopter. The Ka−25 is manned by a crew of pilot, co−pilot, mission crew of two or three and can also carry either twelve passengers or 1300 kg of freight in the hold. Two OMKB GTD−3BM turboshafts provide a top speed of 209 kmh and a standard range of 400 km. up to 2000 kg of disposable stores can be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay, and generally comprise two torpedoes or depth charges.
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KA−26
The Kamov Ka−26 (Hoodlum) is a Soviet utility light helicopter first flown in 1965. The Kamov Ka−26 is powered by two VMKB M−14V−26 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 400 km. The Kamov Ka−26 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to seven passengers or two litters and two seated casualties and one attendant or 900 kg of freight carried in a detachable payload pod or as a slung load or 1100 kg of freight on a platform replacing the payload pod.
KA−27 The Kamov Ka−27 (Helix) is a Soviet ship borne anti−submarine and utility helicopter. It is manned by a flight crew of two or three and a mission crew of three and can carry 4000 kg of freight or passengers in the hold, and 5000 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Two Klimov TV3−117V turboshafts provide a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 800 km. up to 2000 kg of disposable stores can be carried in a lower−fuselage weapon bay, and generally comprise two torpedoes or depth charges.
KA−32 The Ka−32 is a Soviet shipboard anti−submarine warfare helicopter.
KA−50
The Ka−50 Black Shark or Werewolf (Hokum A) is a Soviet attack helicopter. It entered service in the Russian Army during 1995. It is a high performance combat helicopter with day and night capability, high survivability and fire power to defeat air targets and heavily armoured tanks armed with air defence weapons. A night attack version, Ka−50N, with Samshit−50T thermal imager, day TV and laser rangefinder is also produced. The Ka−50 carries a combination of various armaments to a maximum weapon load of two tons according to the mission, including anti−tank missiles, unguided aerial rockets of different calibres, air−to−air missiles, guns, bombs and other weapons. The helicopter has small mid−mounted wings fitted with four under−wing suspension units and wingtip countermeasures pods. Up to 12 Vikhr supersonic antitank missiles can be mounted on the helicopter's two under−wing external stores. The Ka−50 is armed with a 2A42 quick−firing 30−mm gun for use against airborne or ground targets mounted near the centre of gravity of the helicopter for consistent accuracy. The Ka−50 is powered by two TV3−117VMA turboshafts engines each providing 2,200 horsepower. 133
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KAB−500KR The KAB−500KR is a Soviet television guided aerial bomb that operates on the 'drop and forget' principle. Target lock−on for a parked aircraft is achieved at a range of 15 to 17 kilometres in meteorological visibility distance of 10 kilometres. The warhead can pierce a reinforced concrete barrier up to 1.5 metres thick and average density soil to a depth of 10 metres.
KAB−500L The KAB−500L is a Soviet semi−active laser homing aerial bomb. It weighs 525 kg and is armed with a 380 kg high explosive warhead.
KAMAN H−43 The Kaman H−43 Huskie is an American utility light helicopter optimised for rescue roles in service with the military since 1948. The HH−43B model is powered by a Textron Lycoming T53−L−1B turboshaft providing a top speed of 193 kmh and a range of 446 km. The HH−43B model carries a flight crew of two and a fire fighting crew of two plus 1000 lbs of equipment or ten passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 3880 lbs of freight carried in the cabin.
KAMIKAZE Kamikaze were pilots of the Japanese air force in the Second World War who deliberately crash−dived their planes, loaded with bombs, usually on to ships of the American Navy. A special force of suicide pilots was established 1944 to crash−dive planes, loaded with bombs, onto American and British ships. The first kamikaze attack occurred on the 27th of May 1944 and involved four Kawasaki Ki−45 aircraft which attacked allied shipping off the coast of New Guinea.
KAWANISHI E7K The Kawanishi E7K1 and E7K2 were Japanese reconnaissance seaplanes of the Second World War. The Kawanishi E7K2 was powered by a 870 hp Mitsubishi Zuisei 11 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 275 kmh and an endurance of 11 hours 15 minutes. Armaments consisted of one 7.7 mm forward firing machine−gun, one 7.7 mm trainable rearward firing machine−gun and one 7.7 mm trainable rearward and downward firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit and up to 120 kg of bombs carried on under−wing racks.
KAWANISHI H6K The Kawanishi H6K was a Japanese long−range maritime reconnaissance/bomber seaplane of the Second World War. The Kawanishi H6K5 was powered by four 1300 hp Mitsubishi Kinsei 51 or 53 14− cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 385 kmh and a range of 6775 km. Armed and unarmed variants were employed during the war, with the H6K capable of carrying a bomb load of 1000 kg.
KAWANISHI H8K
The Kawanishi H8K was a Japanese long−range bomber/reconnaissance flying−boat of the Second World War designed to replace the Kawanishi H6K. The H8K2 was powered by four 1850 hp Mitsubishi MK4Q Kasei 22 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 465 kmh and a range of 7150 km. Armaments consisted of five 20 mm cannons arranged in bow, dorsal, tail and two beam positions and four 7.7 mm machine−guns in the cockpit, ventral and two beam positions and either 2000 kg of bombs or depth 134
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KAWANISHI N1K
The Kawanishi N1K Kyofu was a Japanese fighter flying−boat of the Second World War designed to provide close air support during amphibious landings in areas without adjacent airfields for land− based fighters. The Kawanishi N1K was powered by a 1530 hp Mitsubishi MK4E Kasei 15 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 490 kmh and a range of 1665 km. Armaments consisted of two fuselage mounted 7.7 mm machine−guns and two wing mounted 20 mm cannons plus two 30 kg bombs carried on under−wing racks.
KAWANISHI N1K−J The Kawanishi N1K−J Shiden (George) was a Japanese single−seater interceptor and fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War, serving from 1943 to the end of the war. It had a top speed of 361 mph and a range of 1435 km. It was armed with two 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 fixed forward−firing cannons in the wing leading edges, two 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 fixed forward−firing cannons in under−wing gondolas, two 7.7 mm type 97 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the forward fuselage firing through the propeller, and 120 kg of ordnance carried on two hard points under the wings (generally two 60 kg bombs)
KAWASAKI C−1 The Kawasaki C−1 is a Japanese short−range STOL tactical transport aircraft first flown in 1970 and entered into service in 1974. The Kawasaki C−1 is powered by two Mitsubishi JT8D−M−9 turbofans providing a top speed of 806 kmh and a range of 3350 km depending upon payload. The Kawasaki C−1 carries a flight crew of five and up to 60 troops or 45 paratroops or 36 litters plus attendants or 11900 kg of freight in the hold.
KAWASAKI KI−10 The Kawasaki Ki−10 was a Japanese single−seat fighter biplane of the Second World War codenamed ' Perry' by the Allies. The Ki−10−II was powered by a 850 hp Kawasaki Ha−9−Ha 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a maximum speed of 400 kmh and a range of 1100 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward−firing 7.7 mm machine−guns. The Ki−10 was primarily used against the Chinese in China and Manchuria, taking a second−line role in the Pacific campaign.
KAWASAKI KI−100 The Kawasaki Ki−100 was a Japanese single−seat interceptor fighter aircraft of the Second World War designated Army Type 5 Fighter Model 1A and produced from fitting a radial engine into a modified Kawasaki Ki−61 airframe. The Kawasaki Ki−100−Ia was powered by a 1500 hp Mitsubishi JHa−112−II 14− cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 590 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments consisted of two fuselage mounted 12.7 mm machine−guns and two wing mounted 20 mm Ho−5 cannon, and two 250 kg bombs which could be carried in place of drop tanks.
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KAWASAKI KI−102
The Kawasaki Ki−102 was a Japanese twin−engined ground attack aircraft of the Second World War derived from the Kawasaki Ki−96. The Kawasaki Ki−102b was powered by two 1500 hp Mitsubishi Ha−112− II 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 580 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments consisted of one 57 mm Ho−401 cannon in the nose, two 20 mm Ho−5 cannons in the under− fuselage, one 12.7 mm machine−gun on a flexible mounting in the rear cockpit and two 250 kg bombs that could be carried in place of drop tanks.
KAWASAKI KI−32 The Kawasaki Ki−32 was a Japanese light bomber of the Second World War designated Army Type 98 Single−engined Light Bomber by the Japanese Army and codenamed 'Mary' by the Allies. The Kawasaki Ki− 32 entered design in 1936 and was a cantilever mid−wing monoplane manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and bomb−aimer/radio operator seated in tandem. The Kawasaki Ki−32 was powered by a 850 hp Kawasaki Ha−9−IIb 12−cylinder Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 423 kmh and a range of 1960 km. Armaments consisted of one fixed forward−firing 7.7 mm machine−gun, one trainable 7.7 mm machine gun and a payload of 300 or 450 kg of bombs depending upon mission range.
KAWASAKI KI−45 The Kawasaki Ki−45 Toryu was a Japanese two seater night−fighter of the Second World War, prototyped in 1940 and produced from 1941 until the end of the war, and in May 1944 four Kawasaki Ki−45 aircraft made the first kamikaze attacks, attacking allied shipping off the coast of New Guinea. The Kawasaki Ki−45 was powered by a 1080 hp Mitsubishi Ha−102 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 545 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments varied, the Ki−45 KAIa being equipped with one forward−firing 20 mm cannon, two 12.7 mm machine−guns in the nose, and a 7.92 mm machine−gun on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit. Two drop tanks or two 250 kg bombs could also be carried on under−wing racks.
KAWASAKI KI−48
The Kawasaki Ki−48 was a Japanese light/dive−bomber aircraft of the Second World War inspired by the Soviet Tupolev SB−2. The Ki−48 was produced from 1939 to 1942 under the Army designation Army Type 99 Twin−engined Light Bomber Model 1A, and codenamed 'Lily' by the Allies. The Ki−48−IIb was powered by two 1150 hp Nakajima Ha−115 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 506 kmh and a range of 2400 km. Armaments consisted of a 7.7 mm trainable machine−gun in the nose, the dorsal and the ventral positions and a payload of 800 kg of bombs.
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KAWASAKI KI−56 The Kawasaki Ki−56 (Thalia) was an unarmed Japanese light transport aircraft of the Second World War, in service from late 1941 to 1945, with manufacturing ceasing in 1943 and was widely used in the Pacific War. The aircraft had a top speed of 249 mph and carried 2400 kg of freight.
KAWASAKI KI−61 The Kawasaki Ki−61 Hien was a Japanese single−seater fighter aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1941. The Ki−61−Ic was powered by a 1175 hp Kawasaki Ha−40 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 560 kmh and a range of 1900 km. Armaments consisted of two fuselage mounted 12.7 mm machine−guns and two wing mounted 20 mm Ho−5 cannons and could carry two 250 kg bombs under the wings in place of drop tanks.
KAWASAKI KV 107
The Kawasaki KV 107 is a Japanese license−built version of the Boeing Vertol Model 107 utility transport medium helicopter. The Kawasaki KV 107 is powered by two Ishikawajima−Harima (General Electric) CT58−IHI−140−1 turboshafts providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 357 km. The Kawasaki KV 107 carries a flight crew of two and up to 26 troops or 15 litters or 7000 lbs of freight in the hold.
KAWASAKI OH−1 The Kawasaki OH−1 is a Japanese two−seater light scout and observation helicopter first flown as a prototype in 1996. The Kawasaki OH−1 is powered by two Mitsubishi TS1−10 turboshafts providing a top speed of 277 kmh and a range of 550 km.
KAWASAKI P−2 The Kawasaki P−2 is an American−designed Japanese long−range maritime reconnaissance and anti−submarine aircraft developed from the Lockheed Model 26 (P−2 Neptune), that entered service in 1969. The Kawasaki P−2 is powered by two Ishikawajima−Harima T64−IHI−10E turboprops providing a top speed of 649 kmh and a range of 4448 km. The Kawasaki P−2 carries a crew of two and a mission crew of ten in the fuselage. An under−fuselage weapons bay can be used to carry disposable stores, usually torpedoes or depth charges.
KAWASAKI T−4
The Kawasaki T−4 is a Japanese two−seater intermediate flying and armament trainer aircraft in service since 1988. The Kawasaki T−4 is powered by two Ishikawajima−Harima F3−IHI−30 turbofans providing a top speed of 956 kmh and a range of 1297 km typically. Armaments consist of 2000 kg of disposable stores which can be carried on one under−fuselage and four−under−wing hard points. 137
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KAYABA KA−1 The Kayaba Ka−1 was a Japanese rotary−wing spotter/liaison/patrol aircraft of the Second World War first flown in May 1941. The Kayaba Ka−1 was powered by a 240 hp licence−built Argus As 10c 8− cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 165 kmh and a range of 280 km. Armaments consisted of two 60 kg depth charges.
KC−10 The McDonnell Douglas KC−10 Extender is an American long−range in−flight refuelling tanker and freighter derived from the McDonnell Douglas DC−10. The KC−10 entered military service in 1981 and is powered by three General Electric CF6−50C2 turbofans providing a top speed of 982 kmh and a range of 7042 km fully laden. The KC−10 carries a flight crew of three and a mission crew of three and up to 76843 kg of freight in the cabin and hold.
KFIR C2
The Kfir C2 is an Israeli single−seat multi−role fighter copied from the French Mirage 5, first flown in 1972 and in service in 1973. The Kfir C2 is powered by an IAI Bedek Division J79−J1E turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.3 and a maximum range of about 775 km depending upon load. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552 cannon in the underside of the forward fuselage and carries up to 6085 kg of disposable stores on nine hard points, one on the centreline, two tandem pairs under the fuselage and two under each wing.
KIOWA See "OH−58"
KITTYHAWK I
Kittyhawk I was the British designation of the Curtiss Warhawk P−40D single−seat fighter−bomber.
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KLEMM KL 35 The Klemm Kl 35 was a German open cockpit two−seat primary trainer aircraft of the Second World War. The Klemm Kl 35 was powered by a 80 hp Hirth HM 60R 4−cylinder inverted inline piston engine which provided a top speed of 212 kmh and a range of 665 km.
KYUSHU K11W
The Kyushu K11W Shiragiku was a Japanese Navy bomber crew trainer aircraft of the Second World War, also used for kamikaze attacks during the final stages of the Pacific war. The Kyushu K11W was powered by a 515 hp Hitachi GK2B Amakaze 21 9−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 230 kmh and a range of 1760 km. The Kyushu K11W was armed with a rear−firing 7.7 mm machine gun and carried two 30 kg bombs when required for training purposes.
KYUSHU Q1W The Kyushu Q1W Tokai was a Japanese anti−submarine patrol aircraft of the Second World War developed in 1942 in response to the growing threat of Allied submarines operating in Japanese waters. The Kyushu Q1W was a cantilever mid/low−wing monoplane of all metal construction manned by a crew of three and powered by two 610 hp Hitachi GK2C Amakaze 31 9−cylinder radial piston engines which provided a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 1340 km. The Kyushu Q1W was armed with one rearward firing 7.7 mm machine−gun and two 250 kg depth charges or bombs and some times one or two 20 mm cannons mounted in the nose of the fuselage.
L−100−30 The L−100−30 is an American medium/long−range military and commercial freight transport aircraft.
L−188C
The Lockheed L−188C Electra is a pressurized, low−wing, turbo−propeller airplane that was designed as a medium−range airliner. It is powered by four Allison 501−D13 constant−speed, axial−flow, turbine engines which drive four−bladed, full−feathering, reversible−pitch, turbo propellers providing a top speed of 720 kmh and a range of 4040 km depending upon payload. Flight is approved in known icing conditions. However, external instrument installations may limit operations in icing conditions. The Lockheed L−188C carries a flight crew of three and up to 98 passengers or 26500 lbs of freight in the cabin.
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L−2 See "Taylorcraft Grasshopper"
L−410 TURBOLET The Let L−410 Turbolet is a Czech short−range utility light transport aircraft designed in the 1960's to be able to operate on all types of airfield, including grass. The L−410 Turbolet is powered by two Motorlet M 601E turboprops providing a top speed of 357 kmh and a range of 1380 km depending upon payload. The L−410 Turbolet carries a flight crew of two and up to 19 passengers or 18 paratroops or six litters and five passengers and one attendant or 1615 kg of freight in the cabin.
L−8 KARAKORUM
The Nanchang/PAC L−8 Karakorum is a joint Chinese−Pakistani two−seater basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capability first flown as a prototype in 1990 before entering service in 1994. The L−8 Karakorum is powered by a Garrett TFE731−2A−2A turbofan providing a top speed of 950 kmh and a range of 1400 km. Armaments consist of a 23 mm Type 23−1 cannon in an optional pod under the fuselage and up to 950 kg of disposable stores carried on one under−fuselage and four under−wing hard points at each rated at 250 kg.
LA−15 The Lavochkin La−15 ('Fantail') was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft produced in 1948, and in service through the 1950's in a secondary role to the Mig−15. The Lavochkin La−15 was powered by an RD−500 (Rolls−Royce Derwent V) turbojet providing a top speed of 1026 kmh and a range of 1170 km. Armaments consisted of two 23 mm cannons.
LAGG−3
The Lagg−3 was a Russian single−seat fighter and fighter−bomber of the Second World War. It was designed by Lavochkin, Gorbunov and Gudkov. It was armed with one 20 mm Shpitalny−Vladimirov motor−cannon and two 12.7 mm Beresin synchronised machine−guns mounted over the engine. It had a top speed of 348 mph and a cruising speed of 280 mph.
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LANCASTER The Avro 683 Lancaster was a four−engined British heavy bomber of the Second World War, serving from 1942 until the early 1950s. The Lancaster Mk III was armed with two 0.303 inch Browning trainable forward firing machine guns in a power operated nose turret, two 0.303 inch Browning trainable machine−guns in a power operated dorsal turret, four 0. 303 inch Browning trainable rearward firing machine−guns in a power operated tail turret. In addition up to 14000 lbs of bombs could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay. The Lancaster was manned by crew of seven comprising a pilot, co−pilot, navigator/observer, bombardier/ gunner, radio operator and two gunners. The Lancaster had a top speed of 281 mph and a typical range of 1673 km.
LEAR FAN 2100
The Lear Fan 2100 is an American light corporate executive transport aeroplane. It is powered by two 650 hp Pratt and Whitney PT6B−35F turboshafts giving a top speed of 576 kmh. Accommodation can be provided for up to eight passengers in the main cabin.
LEARJET 24 The Learjet 24 is a series of American medium−range light transport aircraft in service with the American military since 1966. The Learjet 24B is powered by two General Electric CJ610−6 turbojets providing a top speed of 877 kmh and a range of 3278 km. The Learjet 24 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to six passengers or 1212 kg of freight in the cabin.
LEARJET 25 The Learjet 25 is an American medium−range light transport aircraft, being a longer version of the Learjet 24, and able to carry eight passengers instead of six.
LEARJET 31A The Learjet 31a is a commercial jet aircraft. It carries a crew of two and nine passengers. It is powered by two Garrett TFE731−2 turbofans.
LEARJET 35
The Learjet 35 is an American medium/long−range light transport aircraft used for both military − entering service in 1974 − and civilian roles. The Learjet 35A is powered by two Garrett TFE731−2−2B turbofans 141
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft providing a top speed of 872 kmh and a range of 4240 km deepening upon payload. The Learjet 35 carries a crew of one or two and up to eight passengers or 1588 kg of freight in the cabin.
LEARJET 36 The Learjet 36 is an American medium/long−range light transport aircraft being a longer−range variant of the Learjet 35, carrying just six passengers instead of eight and having an increased range of 4915 km.
LEARJET 45 The Learjet 45 is a commercial jet aircraft. It carries a crew of two and ten passengers. It is powered by two Garrett TFE731−20 turbofans.
LEARJET 55 The Gates Learjet Model 55 is an American light corporate executive transport aeroplane. It is powered by two Garrett AiReseach TFE 731−3A−2B turbofans giving a top speed of 845 kmh and a range of 4000 km. The Learjet 55 carries a crew of two and has various cabin arrangements for carrying up to eleven passengers.
LEBAUDY The Lebaudy was the first airship. It's maiden flight was on November 12th 1903.
LET L−200 The Let L−200 Morava is a Czech built four/five−seat light business aircraft first flown in 1957. It has a cruising speed of 256 kmh and a range of 1710 km.
LETOV S 328 The Letov S 328 was a Czech general purpose two−seat equal−span single−bay biplane designed in the early 1930s for the Finnish air force, and used by the Luftwaffe on the Eastern Front during the Second World War as a reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft. The Letov S 328 was powered by a 635 hp Walter−built Bristol Pegasus IIM−2 9−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 700 km. Armaments consisted of four 7.7 mm machine−guns, two mounted on the upper wing and two on a flexible mount in the rear cockpit, plus up to 500 kg of bombs could be carried. In 1944 many of the Slovak pilots on the Eastern Front defected to the USSR and the Letov S 328 was used against the German forces in the occupied USSR.
LEWIS GUN The Lewis gun was a British light machine−gun. It was gas−operated, air−cooled, and fed from a rotating drum of 47 or 97 rounds, with a rate of fire of 550 rounds per minute. The gun was used by the British, Belgian, and Italian armies in great numbers, both as a ground weapon (Lewis Mark 1) and as an aircraft gun (Lewis Mark 2). Though generally replaced by more modern designs in the 1930s, the Lewis gun was still in use during the Second World War. The Lewis gun was initially designed by Samuel MacLean and was then developed and perfected by Colonel I N Lewis, of the American Army. Unable to interest the American Army in the weapon, Colonel Lewis took the gun to Belgium and set up a manufacturing company there in 1913. In 1914 most of the staff fled to Britain where they were able to continue manufacture in the Birmingham Small Arms Company factory.
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LIBERATOR
The Consolidated Model 32 Liberator was an American long−range bomber of the Second World War used by the British air force. It was powered by four 1200 hp Pratt and Whitney Twin wasp engines giving a top speed of around 335 mph and a range of 3000 miles. During the war they were flown direct to Britain from America.
LIM−5P The Lim−5P was a Polish built MIG−17 (F type model).
LIM−7 The Lim−7 was a Polish built MIG−19.
LINCOLN The Avro Lincoln was a British four−engined heavy bomber developed from the Lancaster for use in the Far East during the Second World War. Modifications to the original Lancaster design included re−arming the Lincoln with 0.50 inch calibre guns − later models including two 20 mm cannons in the mid−upper turret − and increasing the dimensions to permit greater load carrying. Four Rolls−Royce Merlin 85 engines gave the Lincoln a top speed of 480 kmh and a range of 5760 km. The Avro Lincoln carried a crew of seven and up to 14000 lbs of bombs.
LITTLE BIRD See "Hughes 500M"
LOCKHEED Lockheed is an American aircraft manufacturer.
LOCKHEED C−140 The Lockheed C−140 JetStar is a series of American long−range utility light transport aircraft produced from 1957 to 1980 entering service with the American military in 1961. The JetStar II is powered by four Garrett TFE731−3 turbofans providing a top speed of 880 kmh and a range of 5132 km depending upon payload. The JetStar II carries a flight crew of two and up to 10 passengers or 1280 kg of freight in the cabin.
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LOCKHEED C−141
The Lockheed Model 300 C−141 StarLifter is a series of American long−range logistics transport aircraft in service since 1965. The C−141B StarLifter is powered by four Pratt and Whitney TF33−P−7 turbofans providing a top speed of 910 kmh and a range of 4725 km fully laden. The C−141B StarLifter carries a flight crew of four and up to 154 troops or 90880 lbs of freight in the hold.
LOCKHEED C−5 The Lockheed Model 500 C−5 Galaxy is an American long−range strategic freight transport aircraft entered into service in 1970. The Lockheed C−5B is powered by four General Electric TF39−GE−1C turbofans providing a top speed of 919 kmh and a range of 5526 km fully laden. The Lockheed C−5B carries a flight crew of five and up to 15 relief personnel and 75 other passengers on the upper deck and 270 troops or 261000 lbs of freight carried in the hold.
LOCKHEED F−104
The Lockheed F−104 Starfighter is an American built single−seater multi−role strike and attack fighter, first flown in 1954. The Lockheed F−104G is powered by a General Electric J79−GE−11A turbojet providing a top speed of 2494 kmh and a range of 2220 km. It is armed with one 20 mm General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel rotary cannon in the port side of the forward fuselage and up to 4310 lbs of disposable stores can be carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing and on two wing−tip missile rails.
LOCKHEED F−80 See "Lockheed P−80"
LOCKHEED L−100 COMMERCIAL HERCULES The Lockheed L−100 Commercial Hercules is a medium/long range transport aircraft. It is powered by four 4,508 hp Allison 501−D22A turbo props providing a maximum speed of 581 kmh.
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LOCKHEED L−1011 TRISTAR
The Lockheed L−1011 Tristar is an American passenger airliner with a capacity for carrying 400 passengers. The Lockheed L−1011 Tristar was the first aircraft to be equipped with the Rolls−Royce RB.211 big−fan engine. The military version, the Lockheed Model 93 Tristar entered service in 1972 and carries a flight crew of three and up to 204 passengers or 44500 kg of palletised freight in the cabin. An in−flight−refuelling tanker version was also developed from former civil passenger airliners.
LOCKHEED MODEL 26
The Lockheed Model 26 (P−2 Neptune) was an American medium/long−range maritime reconnaissance aircraft with anti−submarine and anti−ship capabilities in service from 1947 to the 1980's. The Lockheed Model 26 was powered by two Wright R−3350−32W Turbo−Compound radial piston engines providing a top speed of 648 kmh and a range of 3540 km. The Lockheed Model 26 carried a combined flight and mission crew of nine. Generally the Lockheed Model 26 was not fitted with fixed armaments, but early models had two 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns mounted in a Martin dorsal turret, all models could carry up to 8000 lbs of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and on four under−wing hard points each rated at 500 lbs.
LOCKHEED MODEL 49 The Lockheed Model 49 Constellation (the military version being designated C−69 Constellation) was an American airliner and military long−range medium transport aircraft in service from 1944 to the early 1980's. The Lockheed Model 49 was powered by four Wright R−3350−35 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 530 kmh and a range of 3685 km fully laden. Various variants were produced, carrying between 40 and 60 passengers or 18400 lbs of freight in the cabin and manned by a crew of four or five.
LOCKHEED MODEL 80
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The Lockheed Model 80 'T−Bird' or T−33 is an American two−seater advanced flying and fighter trainer aircraft developed from the Lockheed P−80 fighter−bomber, in service since 1948. The Lockheed Model 80 is powered by an Allison J33−A−35 turbojet providing a top speed of 966 kmh and a range of 1650 km typically. Armaments consist of two 0.5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns in the nose.
LOCKHEED MODEL 82 The Lockheed Model 82 (C−130 Hercules) is a range of American short/medium tactical transport aircraft that entered service in 1956. The passenger variant (the C−130H) is powered by four Allison T56−A−15 turboprops providing a top speed of 621 kmh and a range of 3790 km fully laden, and carries a flight crew of four or five and up to 92 passengers or 64 paratroops or 74 litters plus two attendants or 19356 kg of freight in the hold.
LOCKHEED P−3 The Lockheed P−3 Orion is an American ten−seat long−range maritime patrol and anti−submarine aircraft derived from the Lockheed L−188 Electra four−turboprop airliner, first flying in 1958. The Lockheed P−3 is powered by four Allison T56−A−14 turboprops providing a top speed of 761 kmh and a range of 3835 km. Up to 20000 lbs of disposable stores can be carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay and on ten hard points, five under each wing.
LOCKHEED P−80 The Lockheed P−80 F−80 Shooting Star was an American single−seater fighter−bomber designed during and operational just after the Second World War which saw action during the Korean War. The P−80 was redesignated the F−80 in 1948, and in 1950 one took part in the first dog−fight between jet aircraft. The F−80C model appeared in 1948 and was powered by a General Electric J33−A−23 turbojet rated at 2086 kg thrust which provided a maximum speed of 933 kmh and a range of 2220 km. Armaments consisted of six machine−guns and a payload of 2000 lb of bombs.
LOCKHEED S−3
The Lockheed S−3 (Viking) is an American four−seat carrier−borne anti−submarine aircraft capable of carrying up to 7000 lbs of disposable stores in a lower fuselage weapons bay and on two hard points, one under each wing. The S−3 first flew in 1972, entering service in 1974 and replaced the Grumman S−2 in 146
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft the US navy. The Lockheed S−3A is powered by two General Electric TF34−GE−2 or −400A turbofans providing a top speed of 833 kmh and a range of 853 km depending upon payload.
LYSANDER The Westland Lysander was a British close co−operation aircraft of the Second World War. It was a high−wing monoplane with external bracing struts for the wings, and was powered by a Bristol radial engine. The aircraft was crewed by two men in an enclosed cabin; the pilot/observer and a gunner/photographer/bomber/wireless operator. The Lysander had a top speed of 230 mph and was armed with two forward facing machine−guns − one in each wheel fairing, operated by the pilot and a rear facing machine−gun operated by the gunner. Eight bombs could be carried in detachable wing racks.
M−21 The M−21 is a Polish agricultural aircraft.
M197 The general Electric M197 is a three−barrelled variant of the M61A1 cannon optimised for fitting to helicopters. It has a rate of fire variable between 400 and 3000 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1030 mps.
M230
The McDonnell Douglas M230 is a 30 mm calibre chain gun mounted on various aircraft, including the AH−64A attack helicopter. It has a variable rate of fire of up to 650 rounds per minute, a muzzle velocity of 800m/s and an effective range of 1500 to 1700 meters.
M61A1 The General Electric M61A1 (Vulcan) is an American 20 mm calibre six−barrel Gatling gun mounted on the M163 AFV, and fitted to various aircraft. It has a variable rate of fire up to 6600 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1036 mps and fires APT ammunition with armour penetration of 45 mm at 500 meters and 31 mm at 1000 meters.
MACCHI MC.200
The Macchi MC.200 Saetta was an Italian single−seat interceptor fighter aircraft of the Second World War. The Macchi MC.200 was powered by a 870 hp Fiat A.74 RC.38 14−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 502 kmh and a range of 870 km with auxiliary fuel. Armaments consisted of two 147
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft 12.7 mm Breada−SAFAT machine−guns in the upper cowling and in some later models, two 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT machine−guns mounted in the wings.
MACCHI MC.202 The Macchi MC.202 Folgore was an Italian single−seat interceptor fighter of the Second World War developed from the Macchi MC.200, and was basically a Macchi MC.200 with a new fuselage structure, an enclosed cockpit and most importantly an inline engine. The Macchi MC.202 was powered by a 1175 hp Alfa Romeo RA.1000 RC.41−I Monsone 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine (a license built Damiler−Benz DB 601A engine) which provided a top speed of 595 kmh and a range of 765 km. Armaments consisted of two 12.7 mm Breada−SAFAT machine−guns in the upper cowling and in later models, two 7.7 mm Breda−SAFAT machine−guns mounted in the wings.
MACCHI MC.205V
The Macchi MC.205V Veltro was an Italian single−seat interceptor fighter/fighter−bomber of the Second World War developed from the Macchi MC.202. The Macchi MC.205V was powered by a 1475 hp Fiat RA.1050 RC.58 Tifone 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine which provided a top speed of 642 kmh and a range of 1040 km. Armaments consisted of two 12.7 mm machine−guns in the upper engine cowling, and two wing mounted 7.7 mm guns which in later models were replaced with two 20 mm cannons.
MACH Mach is a unit of measurement of velocity relative to the speed of sound − sound travelling at Mach 1 (1,300 kmh) − therefore, a speed of Mach 2 is twice the speed of sound (2,600 kmh).
MAGISTER The Magister was a British initial trainer aircraft made by Philips and Powis during the Second World War. It had a top speed of 142mph.
MAINSTAY See "Ilyushin A−50"
MALIBU
The Piper PA−46−310P Malibu is an American light cabin monoplane. The aircraft has seats for a pilot and five passengers and a top speed of 254 mph and a range of 2485 km supplied by a 310 hp Continental TSIO−520−BE six−cylinder horizontally−opposed engine. The first prototype of the Malibu flew in late 1980 and production started in August 1982. 148
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MARTIN 4−0−4 The Martin 4−0−4 is an American passenger airliner developed from the Martin 2−0−2. The 4−0−4 pressurized twin−engined transport entered service in 1951 as a rival to the Convair 640/440. The 4−0−4 carries forty passengers at a cruising speed of 448 kmh and range of 1730 km.
MARTIN P5M
The Martin P5M Marlin was an American reconnaissance seaplane with anti−submarine capability in service from 1953 to the 1960's, being the last large seaplane in service with the US Navy. The Martin P5M−2 was powered by two Wright R−3350−32WA Cyclone 18−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 404 kmh and a range of 3300 km. The Martin P5M−2 carried a crew of eleven and up to 16000 lbs of bombs.
MARTIN P6M The Martin P6M Seamaster was an American flying−boat reconnaissance bomber produced from 1959 to 1960 for the US Navy. The Martin P6M was powered by four Pratt and Whitney J75−P−2 turbojets providing a top speed of 960 kmh and a range of 4830 km. The Martin P6M was manned by a crew of four and armed with two 20 mm cannons.
MASTER I The Master I was a British advanced trainer aircraft made by Philips and Powis during the Second World War. It was powered by a 585 hp Rolls Royce Kestrel engine giving a top speed of 250 mph. It was a low−wing cantilever aircraft of wooden construction designed for training fighter pilots in high speed flying.
MASTER II
The Master II was a British advanced trainer aircraft made by Philips and Powis during the Second World War. It was powered by a Bristol Mercury engine giving a top speed in excess of 250 mph. It was a low−wing cantilever aircraft of wooden construction designed for training fighter pilots in high speed flying.
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MAUSER BK 27 The Mauser BK 27 is a German 27 mm calibre gas−operated aircraft gun produced since 1977. It has a selectable rate of fire, usually 1000 or 1700 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1025 m/s.
MAYA See "Aero L−29"
MBB 614 The MBB 614 is a German short−range light/medium transport aircraft first flown in 1971 and entered into service with the then West German military in 1975. The MBB 614 is powered by two Rolls−Royce SNECMA M45H Mk 501 turbofans providing a top speed of 735 kmh and a range of 2500 km depending upon payload. The MBB 614 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 44 passengers or 4335 kg of freight in the cabin.
MC−130P The Lockheed MC−130P (Combat Shadow) is an American Special Forces aircraft designed to fly clandestine or low visibility, low−level missions into politically sensitive or hostile territory to provide air refuelling for special operations helicopters, and also airdrop missions of small special operations teams, small bundles, and zodiac and combat rubber raiding craft. It is powered by four Allison T56−A−15 turboprop engines giving a top speed of 289 mph at sea level and a range of 4000 miles.
MCDONNELL DOUGLAS A−3 The McDonnel Douglas A−3 Skywarrior was an American land−based and carrier−borne electronic reconnaissance platform and bomber aircraft developed during the 1950's, in service from 1956 to the early 1990's. The McDonnel Douglas A−3 was powered by two Pratt And Whitney J57−P−10 turbojets providing a top speed of 1030 kmh and a range of 3380 km. The McDonnel Douglas A−3 reconnaissance version was manned by a flight crew of three and a mission crew of four; the bomber version was manned by a crew of three and was armed with two 20 mm cannons in a remotely−controlled rear gun turret and carried 12000 lbs of bombs.
MCDONNELL DOUGLAS F−4 The McDonnell Douglas F−4 (Phantom) is an American two−seat multi−role fighter. It is armed with one 20−mm General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel rotary cannon in the lower nose and up to 16000 lbs of disposable stores carried in four lower fuselage missile stations and on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing. Ordnance being comprised of a combination of: four AIM−9 Sidewinder air−to−air missiles; six AIM−7E/F/M Sparrow or BAe Skyflash air−to−air missiles; one B57 up to 20−kiloton free−fall nuclear weapon; one B61 Mod 2/ 3/4/5 100/500−kiloton free−fall nuclear weapon; six AGM−65 Maverick air−to−surface missiles; eight GBU−16 Paveway II 1000 lb laser−guided bombs; eleven Mk 82 500lb GP free−fall or retarded bombs; thirteen M117 750 lb demolition bombs; thirteen BLU−1O/B 740 lb fire bombs; thirteen CBU−49/A 830 lb bomblet dispensers; four GPU−5/ A pods for one 30 mm GAU−13/A cannon each; four SUU−16/A or 23/A pods for one 20 mm M61A1 or GAU−4 cannon each; five 370 US gal drop tanks.
MCDONNELL F−101
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The McDonnell F−101 Voodoo was an American single−seater fighter aircraft in service from 1957 to the 1980s. The F−101 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney J57−P−13 turbojets providing a top speed of 1629 kmh and a maximum range of 3420 km with drop tanks. The F−101 was armed with either three or four 20 mm Ford M39 cannons in the lower sides of the forward fuselage and fitted with five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings, capable of carrying 4000 lb of disposable stores including one Mk 7 one megaton nuclear bomb, freefall bombs and mines.
MCDONNELL F2H The McDonnell F2H Banshee was an American single−seater carrier−borne all−weather fighter aircraft developed as a successor to the McDonnell FH Phantom. The McDonnell F2H Banshee was in service with the US Navy from 1949 to the early 1960's. The McDonnell F2H−4 was powered by two Westinghouse J34−WE−38 turbojets providing a top speed of 856 kmh and a range of 2370 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons in the sides of the fuselage in later models, and up to 1000 lbs of bombs.
MCDONNELL F3H The McDonnell F3H Demon was an American single−seater fighter aircraft first flown in 1951 and in service from 1956 until 1965 when they were replaced with McDonnell Douglas F−4 Phantoms. The McDonnell F3H−2 was powered by an Allison J71−A−2E turbojet providing a top speed of 1041 kmh and a range of 2200 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and up to 6600 lbs of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points, in early models being bombs, later replaced with AIM−7C Sparrow III missiles and later still by AIM−9C Sidewinder missiles.
MCDONNELL FH−1 The McDonnell FH−1 Phantom was an American single−seater jet fighter first flown in 1945. The McDonnell FH−1 was powered by two Westinghouse J30−WE−20 turbojets providing a top speed of 770 kmh and a range of 1576 km. Armaments consisted of four machine−guns. The McDonnell FH−1 was the first sea borne pure jet fighter of the American navy and the first jet fighter used by the US Marine Corps.
MERIDIONALI RO.37BIS
The Meridionali Ro.37bis was an Italian two−seat fighter/reconnaissance biplane of the Spanish Civil War and the Second World War. The Meridionali Ro.37bis was powered by a 560 hp Piaggio P.IX RC.40 9−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 330 kmh and a range of 1120 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward−firing 7.7 mm machine−guns, one trainable 7.7 mm rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit and under−fuselage racks for carrying 180 kg of bombs.
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MERIDIONALI RO.43 The Meridionali Ro.43 was an Italian ship−based reconnaissance/fighter seaplane of the Second World War. It was an unequal−span, single−bay biplane with foldable wings constructed of a mix of steel−tube and wood with a light alloy and fabric covering. The Meridionali Ro.43 carried a crew of two comprising a pilot and an observer/gunner sitting in tandem. The Meridionali Ro.43 was powered by a 700 hp Piaggio P.XR 9−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 1500 km. Armaments consisted of one fixed forward firing 7.7 mm machine−gun and one trainable rearward firing 7.7 mm machine−gun in the rear cockpit.
MERIDIONALI RO.44 The Meridionali Ro.44 was an Italian ship−based single−seat fighter seaplane of the Second World War, based upon the Meridionali Ro.43 but with the observer's seat removed and two forward firing machine guns replacing the single forward firing machine−gun of the Meridionali Ro.43.
MERLIN The EH Merlin is an Italian/British ship−borne and land−based four−seater medium lift helicopter optimised for anti−submarine use. Its primary roles are anti−surface ship and submarine warfare, tracking and surveillance, amphibious operations and search and rescue missions. The Merlin is a variant of the EH101 helicopter and the first Merlin, designated HM Mk 1, entered service with the Royal Navy in December 1998. The Merlin has the capacity to carry up to 960 kg of disposable stores on tow hard points on the sides of the fuselage, typically comprising four homing torpedoes such as the Marconi Electronic Systems Stingray torpedoes or the Mark 11 depth bombs. The anti−surface version is able to carry a range of air−to−surface missiles including sea−skimming anti−ship missiles. There are optional gun positions through removable windows, the starboard cargo door and the port crew door. The Merlin is powered by three Rolls−Royce Turbomeca RTM 322 02/8 engines providing a top speed of 296 kmh and a range of 1853 km.
MESSERSCHMITT BF 108
The Messerschmitt Bf 108 was an unarmed German liaison and communications aeroplane of the Second World War. Powered by a 240 hp Argus As 10C 8−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine the Messerschmitt Bf 108 had a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 950 km. She was manned by a pilot and could carry up to three passengers.
MESSERSCHMITT BF 110C The Messerschmitt Bf 110C was a German fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It carried a crew of two. It was armed with four 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−guns and two 20 mm MG FF cannons in the nose and one 7.92 mm MG 15 machine−gun in the rear cockpit. It had a top speed of 349 mph and a range of 565 miles.
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MESSERSCHMITT ME 109E The Messerschmitt Me 109E was a German fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by a single 1150 hp Daimler−Benz engine giving it a top speed of 354 mph.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 109F The Messerschmitt Me 109F was a German fighter aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by a single 1375 hp Mercedes−Benz engine giving it a top speed of 370 mph. It was armed with a single 20 mm cannon in the nose and two 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns in the nose.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 109G The Messerschmitt Me 109G was a German single−seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War. The Messerschmitt Bf 109G−6 was powered by a 1475 hp Daimler−Benz DB 605 AM 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 620 kmh and a range of 600 km extendable to 1000 km with a drop tank. Armaments consisted of one 30 mm MK 108 or 20 mm MG 151 cannon firing through the propeller shaft and two 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns mounted above the engine firing through the propeller disc. Other models sometimes carried two 30 mm or 20 mm cannons under the wing in addition.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 163
The Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet was a German single−seat interceptor fighter aircraft of the Second World War first flown in July 1945, too late to have any impact on the outcome of the war. Powered by a 1700 kg thrust Walter HWK 509A−2 bi−fuel rocket motor the had a top speed of 960 kmh and an endurance of 7.5 minutes. It was armed with two 20 mm MG 151 cannons or two 30 mm MK 108 cannons mounted in the wing roots.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 210 The Messerschmitt Me 210 was a German heavy fighter of the Second World War, in service from 1941 to 1944. She had a top speed of 350 mph and a range of 1820 km. She was armed with two 20 mm MG 151/20 fixed forward−firing cannons in the nose, two 7.92 mm MG 17 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the nose, and two 13 mm MG 131 trainable lateral−firing machine−guns in two remotely controlled power−operated FDL 131 barbettes on the sides of the fuselage. She was manned by a crew of two comprised of a pilot and radio operator/gunner seated in tandem.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 262
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was a German single−seat interceptor fighter of the Second World War, and was the first jet fighter aircraft to enter combat. The Messerschmitt Me 262A−1a was powered by two 900 kg thrust Jumo 004B turbojet engines providing a maximum speed of 870 kmh and a range on internal fuel 153
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft of 1050 km. The Messerschmitt Me 262A−1a was armed with four 30 mm MK 108 cannons in the nose. While faster than the Allied aircraft of the time, the Messerschmitt Me 262 suffered from not being as manoeuvrable.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 321 The Messerschmitt Me 321 was a large German heavy transport glider of the Second World War. It could carry 200 troops or 20000 kg of freight, and was manned by a crew of six: pilot, co−pilot, radio operator, load master and two gunners.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 323
The Messerschmitt Me 323 was a large German heavy general−purpose transport aircraft developed from the Messerschmitt Me 321 glider. Variously armed and powered models were developed, though relatively few aircraft were built due to their vulnerability to attack by Allied fighters. The Messerschmitt Me 323E−2 was powered by six 1140 hp Gnome−Rhone 14N 14−cylinder piston engines providing a top speed of 240 kmh and a range of 1300 km. A cargo of 9750 kg or 120 fully equipped troops could be carried. Armaments consisted of two 20 mm MG 151 cannons in turrets on the wings, two 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns in the nose doors and five 13 mm MG 131 rearward firing machine−guns in beam positions and rear of the flight deck.
MESSERSCHMITT ME 410 The Messerschmitt Me 410 was a German two−seat heavy fighter aircraft of the Second World War developed from modified Messerschmitt Me 210 aircraft, and first produced in 1943. The Messerschmitt Me 410A−1 was powered by two 1850 hp Daimler−Benz DB 603A 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 625 kmh and a range of 1690 km. Armaments consisted of four forward firing 20 mm MG 151 cannons, two forward firing 7.92 mm MG 17 machine−guns and two rearward firing 13 mm MG 131 machine−guns in remotely controlled barbettes.
MG 151/20 The Mauser MG 151/20 was a German 20 mm recoil operated disintegrating−link belt fed cannon fitted to aircraft during the Second World War. It fired high−explosive and anti−tank rounds at a rate of fire of 720 rounds−per−minute.
MH−53E The Sikorsky MH−53E (exported as the S−80M) is an American Navy mine−countermeasure variant of the Sikorsky S−80 heavy helicopter, first flown in 1983 entering service in 1986. The MH−53E was designed to tow a hydrofoil sled carrying mine detection and neutralising equipment and is fitted with additional fuel tanks in the hold.
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MH−60G The Sikorsky MH−60G (Pave Hawk) is a twin−engine medium−lift helicopter based on the UH−60 and used for infiltration, exfiltration and resupply of special operations forces in day, night or marginal weather conditions. It can also be used for combat search and rescue missions. The MH−60G is powered by two T700−GE−701C Turboshaft engines and carries fuel for four hours flying.
MI−10
The Mil Mi−10 (Harke) is a Soviet flying crane heavy helicopter developed as a specialised flying crane based on the Mi−6 helicopter and first flown in 1960, entering service in 1962. The Mi−10 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−25VF turboshafts providing a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 795 km with auxiliary fuel. The Mi−19 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 28 passengers or freight in the hold or 14000 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
MI−12 The Mil Mi−12 (Homer) is a Soviet large transport helicopter. It was conceived as the VTOL partner to the Antonov An−22 as the chief air freight vehicles of the Soviet Union. It uses two complete Mi−6 main rotors and drive systems, up−rated to late Mi−10k power, carried on the ends of a slender reverse−taper strut−braced high wing. The cargo hold has full− section rear doors for vehicles or other bulky loads and an electric crane system for handling loads up to 10,000 kg. Seats are provided for up to 50 passengers accompanying cargo.
MI−14
The Mil Mi−14 (Haze) is a Soviet utility medium helicopter optimised for shore−based amphibious anti−submarine operations that entered service in the late 1970's. The Mi−14 is powered by two Klimov TV3−117A turboshafts providing a top speed of 230 km and a range of 925 km. The Mi−14 carries a flight crew of two or three and a mission crew of two or three in the cabin. Disposable stores, such as depth charges and torpedoes, are carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay.
MI−17 The Mil Mi−17 (Hip) is a Soviet medium transport and assault helicopter based on the Mi−8 and in service since 1981. The Mi−17 is powered by two Klimov TV3−117MT turboshafts providing a top speed of 250 kmh and a range of 495 km. The Mi−17 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 32 troops or 12 litters plus attendants or 4000 kg of freight in the hold or 3000 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Armaments consist of a 0.5 inch Afanasayev trainable machine−gun in the nose and up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points, three on each of the two fuselage−mounted outriggers.
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MI−24
The Mil Mi−24 (Hind−D) is a Soviet two/three seater assault and anti−armour helicopter. The Mil Mi−24 is powered by two Klimov TV3−117 turboshafts providing a top speed of 335 kmh and a range of 160 km typically. It is armed with one 12.7 mm JakB four−barrel rotary machine−gun in a remotely−controlled under−nose turret and up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, two below and two above each stub wing.
MI−26 The Mil Mi−26 (Halo) is a Soviet military and commercial transport heavy−lift helicopter first flown in 1977, entering service in 1985. The Mi−26 is powered by two ZMDB 'Progress' D−136 turboshafts providing a top speed of 295 kmh and a range of 800 km. The Mi−26 carries a flight crew of five and up to 85 troops or 20000 kg of freight in the hold or carried as a slung load.
MI−28
The Mil Mi−28 (Havoc) is a Soviet combat helicopter. The Mi−28 can fly at a maximum speed of 300 kmh, can fly rearwards and sideways at speeds up to 100 kmh and is able to hover turn at 45 degrees per second. The Mi−28A combat helicopter is designed to destroy armoured and un−armoured combat material, low and slow flying airborne vehicles and other battlefield targets. The helicopter can be operated autonomously for long periods from poorly prepared pads in the forward area of operations. The Mi−28A has small sweptback mid−mounted stub wings with four suspension units. Countermeasures pods are mounted on the wingtips. The helicopter can be armed with a mixture of air−to−air and air−to−ground missiles, unguided rockets and podded guns. When a high priority target is detected, the pilot uses a helmet mounted target designator which allocates the target to the navigator's surveillance and fire control system. The navigator/weapons officer is then able to deploy guided weapons or gun against the target. The targeting system follows the direction of the pilot's eyes. The Mi−28N Night Havoc is armed with up to 16 Shturm and Ataka anti−tank missiles. The Mi−28 is equipped with a turreted 2A42 30 mm cannon and can also carry four containers each with twenty 80 mm unguided rockets or with five 122 mm rockets. The helicopter can alternatively carry containers with grenade launchers, 23 mm guns, 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm machine−guns, aerial bombs and incendiary tanks.
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MI−34 The Mil Mi−34 (Hermit) is a Soviet utility and training light helicopter first flown in 1986. The Mi−34 is powered by a VMKB M−14V−26 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 210 km and a range of 180 km. The Mi−34 carries a crew of two and two passengers or freight in the cabin.
MI−38 The Mil Mi−38 is a Soviet utility medium helicopter first flown in 1993 as a replacement for the Mi−8 and Mi−17 helicopters. The Mi−38 is powered by two Klimov TV7−117V turboshafts providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 325 km fully laden. The Mi−38 carries a crew of one or two and up to 32 passengers or 5000 kg of freight in the cabin or carried as a slung load.
MI−4 The Mil Mi−4 (Hound) is a Soviet utility tactical medium helicopter first flown in 1952. the Mi−4 is powered by a Shvetsov Ash−82V radial piston engine providing a top speed of 210 km and a range of 400 km. The Mi−4 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to eleven passengers or 1600 kg of freight in the hold. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for a 7.62 mm machine−gun or 23 mm cannon to be mounted in the forward part of the under−fuselage gondola. Two hard points, one each side of the fuselage can carry disposable stores including machine−gun pods or UV−8−57 multiple rocket launchers.
MI−6
The Mil Mi−6 (Hook) is a Soviet transport and assault heavy helicopter first flown in 1957. The Mi−6 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−25V turboshafts providing a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 620 km. The Mi−6 carries a flight crew of five and up to 90 passengers or 70 troops or 41 litters and two attendants or 12000 kg of freight in the hold or 9000 kg of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, the Mi−6 can be fitted with a 0.5 inch Afanasayev trainable machine−gun in the nose.
MI−8 The Mil Mi−8 (Hip) is a Soviet three−crew multi−purpose helicopter. The Mi−8T military−transport helicopter is powered by two Klimov TV2−117A turboshafts providing a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 465 km, and provides mobility to ground force units and performs tactical landing of troops with light and group armament. The armed version, designated Mi−8TV, is capable of destroying enemy installations with rockets and of laying minefields. The Mi−8TV is fitted with 7.62 mm built−in machine−guns. The six external suspension stations carry weapons racks with UV−32−57 packs with S−5 rockets. The helicopter can also deploy AT−2 Swatter 9M 17P Skorpion anti−tank missiles. The search and rescue helicopter, designation Mi−8MPS, was developed from the military transport helicopter and is deployed in rescue missions involving searches for distressed aircraft and sea vessels and their crew and passengers. Having located the distress area the helicopter crew drop radio−beacons to mark the area and deliver rescue teams to aid and recover the casualties. The helicopter can lift ten people at a time on a sling via a PSN−10 life raft.
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MIG The MIG are various military aircraft of Soviet origin developed by Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich, who first started development of a jet−powered combat aircraft in 1945 based on captured German aeronautical information.
MIG−15
The MIG−15 (Fagot) is a Soviet built single−seater fighter aircraft. It first flew in December 1947, and entered service in 1948, with the last models being built in 1953. The MIG−15 is armed with a 37 mm N cannon under the right side of the nose and one 23 mm NS cannon under the left side of the nose. The MIG−15bis variant also carried one 37 mm cannon under the right wing, and two 23 mm cannons under the left wing. Up to 500 kg of disposable stores can be carried on two under−wing hard−points. The Mig−15 is powered by one RD−54F (Rolls−Roce Nene) turbojet providing a top speed of 1070 kmh and a range of 1960 km, the more powerful Mig−15bis variant built in 1949 had a more powerful engine providing a top speed of 684 mph, and a range of 1425 km when carrying additional slipper tanks.
MIG−17 The MIG−17 (Fresco) is a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft produced during the 1950s. It is armed with a 37 mm N cannon under the right side of the nose and one 23 mm NS−23 cannon under the left side of the nose, three 23 mm Mudelmann−Rikter NR−23 cannon, one under the right side of the nose and two under the left, four under−wing hard−points which can carry fuel tanks or 500 kg of disposable stores usually comprising bombs or packs of eight 55 mm air−to−air rockets, or various air−to−ground missiles. The MIG−17 has a top speed of 711 mph and a range of 1470 km with two drop tanks. Various models were built, including the F variant (MIG−17F) with more modern radar and ranging avionics equipment. The PF model was an after−burning all−weather version, and the PFU model an improvement on the PF model with the guns removed and wing pylons installed for four beam riding Alkali air−to−air missiles.
MIG−19
The MIG−19 (Farmer) was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft produced from 1953. It is armed with three 30 mm NT−30 guns one in each wing root and one under the right side of the nose, later variants had the guns removed and under−wing pylons installed to carry air−to−air missiles or 1000 kg of bombs. The MIG−19 is powered by two Mikulin AM−5 turbojets providing a top speed of 1480 kmh and a range of 2200 km with drop tanks.
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MIG−21
The MIG−21 (Fishbed), is a Soviet single−seater short range interceptor or fighter aircraft. Since entering service in 1959 over 5000 MiG−21 aircraft have been manufactured, with more than 1000 operational with the air forces of at least 33 countries. The Mig−21 is powered by a MNPK Soyuz R−13−300 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.1 and a maximum range of 1800 km when fitted with three drop tanks. Fixed armaments consist of one 23 mm Gryazev−Shipunov GSh−23L two−barrel cannon in a detachable ventral pack. Four under−wing hard points can be fitted with 1500 kg of disposable stores including air−to−air missiles, free−fall bombs and unguided rockets.
MIG−21 2000 The MIG−21 2000 is an Israeli upgraded fighter and ground attack version of the Mig−21 fighter aircraft.
MIG−23 The MIG−23 (Flogger) is a Soviet single−seat air superiority and close air support fighter aircraft. The Mig−23 is powered by an MNPK R−35−300 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.35 and a maximum range of about 1150 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of one 23 mm Gryazev−Shipunov two−barrelled cannon in a ventral pack and up to 3000 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points − two in tandem under the fuselage, two under the engine inlet ducts and two under the fixed inner wing panels.
MIG−25
The MIG−25 (Foxbat) is a Soviet single−seat interceptor fighter aircraft. It is powered by two Tumansky R−266 afterburning turbojets giving a maximum speed of around 2100 mph and a range of 1130 km. Production of the Mig−25 started in the mid 1960s with the prototypes of 1965 to 1967 setting world records for closed−circuit speeds, payload to height and rate of climb. The Mig−25 is powered by two R−15B−300 single shaft turbojets, arranged in the tail section of the fuselage. The engines develop 11,200 kg of thrust with fully selected afterburner. The engines provide a maximum speed of 3,000 kmh at high altitude. The maximum speed at low altitude is 1,200 kmh. The range at altitudes between 9 and 11 km with speed of Mach 0.85 is 1,950 kmh. At higher altitudes between 20 and 21 kilometres and speed Mach 2.35, the range is 1,650 km. The Mig−25 is armed with four R−40 (AA−6 Acrid) air−to−air missiles suspended from four under−wing pylons. It may also be fitted with two R−40 and four R−60 (AA−8 Aphid) or two R−23 (AA−Apex) and four R−73 (AA−11 Archer). The MiG−25 is not fitted with a gun. The Mig−25R derivative is a tactical reconnaissance aircraft. A derivative of the MiG−25R is the MiG−25RB for bombing area and large targets.
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MIG−27 The Mig−27 (Flogger) is a Soviet single−seat tactical strike and close air support fighter aircraft. The Mig−27 is capable of a maximum speed of 1,800 km/hr at altitude and 1,250 km/hr with a normal mission missile payload flying at low altitude. With high altitude flight the aircraft's operational range is 2,100 kilometres, while low level flight gives an operational range of 1,080 kilometres. The Mig−27K variant of the MiG−27 family is a variable geometry wing fighter bomber. The primary mission of the aircraft is the destruction of moving and stationary, fixed and mobile ground targets including hardened targets. The Mig−27K carries three types of air−to−surface missile: the Kh−23M, the Kh−25ML(MP), and the Kh−29L(T). The R−60M air−to−air missile is carried for dogfights and the Kh−27 anti−radar missile is carried. The Mig−27K can carry two types of controlled air bombs, the KAB−500L laser guided bomb and KAB−500KR television guided bomb and can also carry S−24, S−25, S−8, S5 unguided rockets and a range of aerial bombs up to 500 kg size, cluster bombs and incendiary devices. The Mig−27K is equipped with the 30 mm Sh−6−30 gun and an SPPU−22 two barrel 23 mm gun pod housing a GSh−23 aircraft gun.
MIG−29
The Mig−29 (Fulcrum) is a Soviet fighter aircraft designed to destroy hostile air targets within radar coverage limits and also to destroy ground targets using unguided weapons in visual flight conditions. The Mig−29K is the carrier based variant used by the Russian Naval Air Force. The Mig−29 fighter is equipped with seven external hard points for air−to−air missiles, air bombs and unguided rockets. The aircraft can carry: up to two R−27 air−to−air medium range missiles, a maximum of six R−73 or R−60 air−to−air short range missiles, up to four pods of unguided S−5,S−8 or S−24 rockets, air bombs weighing up to 3,000 kg, a 30 mm built−in aircraft gun with 150 rounds of ammunition. The MiG−29 is equipped with two RD−33 turbofan engines providing a maximum speed of 2,400 kmh at altitude and 1,500 kmh near the ground and the maximum range at altitude is 1,500 km and 700 km near the ground.
MIG−3 The Mig−3 was a Russian single seat fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War. It was a low wing cantilever monoplane powered by a 1200 hp AM−35A twelve−cylinder Vee liquid−cooled engine giving a top speed of 360 mph and a range of 500 miles. The Mig−3 was armed with one 12.7 mm and two 7.7 mm machine−guns in the nose and six 25 kg rocket−impelled fragmentation bombs could be carried under the wings.
MIG−31
The MIG−31 (Foxhound) is a Soviet two−seater long−range interceptor aircraft based on the Mig−25, but stretched to accommodate a second crewman and additional fuel. It is armed with one 23 mm GSh−23L twin−barrel cannon carried in a GP−9 belly pack or one 30 mm rotary cannon and up to 3000 kg of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, two tandem pairs under the fuselage and two under each 160
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MIG−9 The Mig−9 ('Fargo') was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft first flown in 1946 and forming the first of the famous Mig series of aircraft. The Mig−9 was powered by two RD−20 (BMW 003 A) turbojets providing a top speed of 911 kmh. Armaments consisted of one 37 mm and two 23 mm cannons in the nose.
MIRAGE 2000
The Dassault−Breguet Mirage 2000 is a French multi−role combat fighter. It has been operational with the French Air Force since 1984 and has been selected by Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Greece, India, Peru, Qatar, Taiwan and the United Arab Emirates. Variants of the Mirage 2000 fighters are: Mirage 2000C/B single seater and two seater variants for air defence; Mirage 2000N, two seater, designed for all weather nuclear penetration at low altitude and very high speed; Mirage 2000D, which is an upgraded version of the Mirage 2000N, for automated bombing using conventional and laser guided munitions. The Mirage 2000 has nine hard points for carrying weapon system payloads, five on the fuselage and two on each wing. The single seat version is also armed with two internally mounted high firing rate 30 mm guns. Air−to−air weapons include the MICA multi−target air−to−air intercept and combat missiles and the Magic 2 combat missiles. The aircraft can carry four MICA missiles, two Magic missiles and three drop tanks simultaneously which provides a highly extended mission time. The Mirage 2000 is also equipped to carry a range of air−to−surface missiles and weapons including laser guided bombs. These include the Matra BAe Dynamics BGL 1000 laser guided bomb, Aerospatiale AS30L, Matra BAe Dynamics Armat anti−radar missile, Aerospatiale AM39 Exocet anti−ship missile, Matra BAe Dynamics rocket launchers, Matra Bae Dynamics Apache stand−off weapon, and the stealthy cruise missile, SCALP. The Mirage 2000 is equipped with an M53−P2 turbofan engine from SNECMA which provides 64 kN thrust and 98 kN with afterburn.
MIRAGE 5 The Dassault−Breguet Mirage 5 is a French single−seater ground−attack aircraft first flown in 1967. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552A cannon in the lower fuselage and carries up to 4200 kg of disposable stores on seven hard points, one under the fuselage and three under each wing. This clear−weather ground−attack fighter was developed from the Mirage IIIE at the request of Israel, the bulky Cyrano II radar and associated avionics being unnecessary for clear−weather operations in the Middle East and removed (but later replaced by the miniaturized Aida type), the surplus volume and weight−carrying capability being used for extra fuel and armament. At the same time inner under−wing hard points were revised into a tandem arrangement for double the carrying capacity. The French aircraft are nuclear capable with the 15−kiloton AN 52 free−fall weapon. Subsequent microminiaturization of electronics has made possible the development of small but highly capable radars, and many Mirage 5s are thus fitted with such equipment to make them more capable all−weather aircraft than the original Mirage IIIs but with the range and payload of the Mirage 5. The Mirage 5D is a two−seat operational conversion and proficiency trainer variant and the Mirage 5R is a tactical reconnaissance variant with five cameras in the nose section.
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MIRAGE 50 The Mirage 50 is a much improved variant of the Mirage 5, built for Chile, with the Atar 09K−50 turbojet and the option of Thomson−CSF Agave (Magic missiles) or Cyrano IVM (R530 missiles) multimode radar.
MIRAGE F1
The Dassault−Breguet Mirage F1 is a French single−seater multi−role fighter aircraft. The Dassault−Breguet Mirage F1 is powered by a SNECMA Atar 9K−50 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a maximum range of 1390 km with three drop−tanks. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 553 cannon in the underside of the forward fuselage and carries up to 4000 kg of disposable stores on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing and two wingtip missile rails.
MIRAGE III The Dassault−Breguet Mirage III is a French single−seater intruder and fighter−bomber. It is armed with two 30 mm DEFA 552A Cannon in the lower fuselage and carried up to 4000 kg of disposable stores on five hard points one under the fuselage and two under each wing. The Mirage III series is one of France's great commercial and military successes in the period since the Second World War, offering advanced and less−advanced customers alike a capable combat aircraft at modest cost. The type grew from the original Mirage III prototype which first flew in November 1956 with a SNECMA Atar 101G turbojet, via the pre−production Mirage IIIA with the Atar 09B. This latter aircraft first flew in May 1958 and was followed by the Mirage IIIB two−seat operational conversion trainer with the armament of the Mirage IIIC but lacking radar. The Mirage IIIB first flew in October 1959.
MIRAGE IV
The Dassault−Breguet Mirage IV is a French two−seater strategic penetration bomber first flown in 1959 and entering service in 1964. The Mirage IV is powered by two SNECMA Atar 9K−50 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a maximum range of 1240 km. It carries up to 7200 kg of disposable stores as one semi−recessed nuclear weapon or as conventional weapons on four hard points, two under the fuselage and two under the wings. The Mirage IV was designed for a strategic role and entered service as the carrier for the 60−kiloton AN 22 free−fall nuclear weapon, hard points being provided for the alternative carriage of conventional free−fall or missile armament.
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MITSUBISHI A5M The Mitsubishi A5M was a Japanese single−seat ship based fighter aircraft developed during the mid−1930s and used during the Second World War, especially as a fighter−trainer. The Mitsubishi A5M4 was powered by a 710 hp Nakajima Kotobuki 41 9−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 440 kmh and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward firing 7.7 mm machine−guns and two 30 kg bombs.
MITSUBISHI A6M
The Mitsubishi A6M Zero (Type 0 fighter) was a series of Japanese single−seat interceptor fighter/ fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War codenamed Zeke by the Allies in 1941. The Mitsubishi A6M6c Model 53c was powered by a 1130 hp Nakajima Sakae 31 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 557 kmh and a range of 1800 km. Armaments consisted of one 13.2 mm machine−gun mounted in the upper fuselage decking, two 13.2 mm machine−guns mounted in the wings, two 20 mm Type 99 cannons mounted in the wings, and under−wing launch rails for eight 10 kg or two 60 kg air−to−air rockets. The Mitsubishi A6M was designed by Jiro Horikoshi as a replacement for the Mitsubishi A5M for the Japanese Navy, and was a cantilever low−wing monoplane of all−metal construction and exceptional manoeuvrability.
MITSUBISHI F−L The Mitsubishi F−l is a Japanese single−seater close−support and attack fighter. It is armed with one 20 mm General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel rotary cannon in the port side of the lower forward fuselage and up to 2780 kg of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing and on two wingtip missile rails. This Japanese−developed light attack fighter was evolved from the Mitsubishi T−2 supersonic trainer, itself remarkably similar to the SEPECAT Jaguar and powered like that aircraft by two Rolls−Royce/ Turbomeca Adour afterburning turbofans. The first F−1s were modified T−2s (the rear cockpit being plated over to provide volume for specialized mission avionics) and flew in June 1975 entering service in 1977.
MITSUBISHI F1M The Mitsubishi F1M was a Japanese two−seat patrol/reconnaissance sea plane of the Second World War developed during the mid−1930s in response to the Japanese Navy's requirement for a catapult− launched, short−range observation sea plane. The Mitsubishi F1M2 was powered by a 875 hp Mitsubishi Zuisei 13 14−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 370 kmh and a range of 740 km. Armaments consisted of two fixed forward firing 7.7 mm machine−guns, one 7.7 mm trainable rearward firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit and two 60 kg bombs. Because of its excellent performance, the Mitsubishi F1M was also used for bombing and fighter operations from both ship and shore during the war.
MITSUBISHI G3M
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Mitsubishi G3M (Type 96 Attack Bomber Model 11) was a Japanese long−range bomber of the Second World War produced for the Japanese Navy from 1936, and codenamed Nell by the Allies. The G3M3 Model 23 was powered by two 1300 hp Mitsubishi Kinsei 51 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 415 kmh and a range of 6230 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm Type 99 cannon in a dorsal turret, one 7.7 mm machine−gun in a dorsal turret, two 7.7 mm machine−guns in lateral side blisters, one 7.7 mm machine−guns fired through the cockpit windows and a payload of 800 kg of bombs or a 800 kg torpedo carried beneath the fuselage. In 1941 the British battleship HMS Prince of Wales and the British battle cruiser HMS Repulse were attacked off the coast of Malaya, out of range of shore based bombers they thought, by Japanese G3M aircraft and sunk.
MITSUBISHI G4M The Mitsubishi G4M was a Japanese twin−engined long−range bomber of the Second World War. The G4M3 Model 34 was powered by two 1825 hp Mitsubishi MK4T Kasei 25 14−cylinder radial piston engines which provided a top speed of 470 kmh and a range of 4335 km. Armaments consisted of two 7.7 mm machine guns mounted in the nose, two 7.7 mm machine−guns in beam positions, one 20 mm Type 99 cannon in a dorsal turret, one 20 mm Type 99 cannon in a tail turret, and either a 800 kg torpedo or up to 1000 kg of bombs. The G4M was requested by the Japanese Navy in 1937 as a better specified aircraft than the existing Mitsubishi G3M which was already regarded as the world's best land−based bomber, and was first flown in 1939 and first deployed in 1941. The G4M suffered increasingly during the war from a lack of protection from Allied fighter aircraft, and during the last months of the war many were modified to carry the Yokosuka MXY7 Ohka piloted bomb to attack Allied fleets.
MITSUBISHI J2M
The Mitsubishi J2M Raiden was a Japanese single−seater interceptor fighter aircraft of the Second World War, designed by Jiro Horikoshi to the Japanese Navy's specification for an interceptor fighter to provide a quick defensive response to attacks on captured territory. The first Mitsubishi J2M was flown in March 1942 and first saw operational use in 1944, being code named Jack by the Allies. The Mitsubishi J2M3 was powered by a 1820 hp Mitsubishi MK4R−A Kasei 23a 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 597 kmh and a range of 1055 km. Armaments consisted of two wing−mounted Type 99 Model 1 20 mm cannons and two wing−mounted Type 99 Model 2 20 mm cannons and either two 60 kg bombs or drop tanks on external racks.
MITSUBISHI KI−15 The Mitsubishi Ki−15 was a Japanese two−seater reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War also produced in a civilian model, which set a flight time record flying from Japan to England in 1937 at an average speed of 162.9 kmh. The Mitsubishi Ki−15 was powered by a 640 hp Nakajima Ha−8 9−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 480 kmh and a range of 2400 km. The military version was armed with a 7.7 mm machine−gun on a trainable mount in the rear cockpit.
MITSUBISHI KI−21 The Mitsubishi Ki−21 was a Japanese heavy bomber of the Second World War designed for the Japanese Army who in 1936 requested a four−seat bomber with a top speed of at least 400 kmh and a flying endurance of five hours. The Mitsubishi Ki−21 was produced in five and seven seat versions, and powered by two 1500 hp Mitsubishi Ha−101 14−cylinder radial piston engines had a top speed of 485 kmh and a range of 2700 km. It was armed with five 7.7 mm Type 89 machine−guns mounted in the nose, ventral, tail, port and starboard beam positions and a 12.7 mm Type 1 machine−gun in a dorsal turret and carried a bomb load of 1000 kg.
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MITSUBISHI KI−30 The Mitsubishi Ki−30 was a Japanese two−seater light attack bomber of the Second World War in service from 1938 to 1945. It was powered by a Nakajima Ha−15 Kai 14−cylinder radial piston engine rated at 950 hp providing a top speed of 423 kmh and a range of 1700 km. The Ki− 30 was armed with armed with one 7.7 mm Type 89 fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the leading edge of the port wing and one 7.7 mm Type 89 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 400 kg of disposable ordnance was carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay, and generally comprised four 100 kg bombs.
MITSUBISHI KI−46 The Mitsubishi Ki−46 was a Japanese high altitude reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War entering service in 1937. It was powered by two 1500 hp Mitsubishi Ha−112−II 14−cylinder radial piston engines which provided a top speed of 630 kmh and a range of 4000 km. Generally the Ki−46 was unarmed, though some were fitted with a 7.7 mm Type 89 machine−gun on a trainable mount in the rear cockpit.
MITSUBISHI KI−51
The Mitsubishi Ki−51 was a two−seater Japanese ground−attack and tactical reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1940 to the late 1940s and code named Sonia by the Allies. The Ki−51 was based upon the Ki−30 as a scaled down version. It was powered by a Mitsubishi Ha−26−11 radial piston engine rated at 940 hp providing a top speed of 263 mph and a range of 1060 km. Early Ki−51s were armed with two 7.7 mm Type 89 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings and one 7.7 mm Type 89 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Later Ki− 51s were armed with two 12.7 mm Type 1 fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings and one 7.7 mm Type 89 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 200 kg of disposable ordnance could be carried on two under−wing hard points and generally comprised four 50 kg or twelve 15 kg bombs.
MITSUBISHI KI−57 The Mitsubishi Ki−57 was a Japanese personnel transport aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Mitsubishi Ki−21 bomber in both a civilian and military version. The Mitsubishi Ki−57 was powered by two 1080 hp Mitsubishi Ha−102 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 470 kmh and a range of 3000 km. Both the military and civilian versions were unarmed, and had seats for eleven passengers. The military version was code named Topsy by the allies.
MITSUBISHI KI−67 The Mitsubishi Ki−67 Hiryu was a Japanese heavy bomber/torpedo bomber aircraft of the Second World War, developed following incidents along the Manchukuo−Siberia border during the 1930s which led Japan to believe they may be shortly at war with the USSR. The Mitsubishi Ki−67 was powered by two 1800 hp Mitsubishi Ha−104 18−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 537 kmh and a range of 3800 km. Armaments in the later models comprised a 12.7 mm machine−gun in the nose, a 12.7 mm machine−gun in the port beam position, a 12.7 mm machine−gun in the starboard beam position, two 12.7 mm machine−gun in the tail turret, one 20 mm Ho−5 cannon in the dorsal turret and a bomb load of 800 kg or a 800 kg or 1070 kg torpedo. Code named Peggy by the Allies, the Ki−67 was Japan's best operational bomber during the Pacific War.
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MITSUBISHI MU−2
The Mitsubishi MU−2 is a Japanese short−range utility light transport, reconnaissance and light attack aircraft developed in the early 1960's and entered into military service in 1967. The Mitsubishi MU−2C is powered by two Garrett TPE331−6−251M turboprops providing a top speed of 590 kmh and a range of 2700 km. The Mitsubishi MU−2C carries a flight crew of one or two and up to five passengers or freight in the cabin. Armaments, when fitted, comprise two .5 inch Colt−Browning M3 heavy machine−guns in the nose and disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points.
MITSUBISHI T−2 The Mitsubishi T−2 is a Japanese two−seater supersonic advanced flying and combat trainer aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1971. The Mitsubishi T−2 is powered by two Ishikawajima−Harima TF40−IHI−801A turbofans providing a top speed of 1700 kmh and a range of 2593 km with drop tanks fitted. The Mitsubishi T−2 is armed with a 20 mm JM61A1 rotary six−barrel cannon in the lower port side of the forward fuselage and can carry up to 2000 kg of disposable stores on one under−fuselage, four under−wing and two wing−tip hard points.
MOJAVE
The Piper PA−31P−350 Mojave is an American light cabin monoplane of the Piper PA−31 series. The aircraft features 390 kg of baggage capacity distributed between the nose aft of the cabin and the engine nacelle compartments and five passenger seats as well as accommodation for a pilot and co−pilot/passenger. The Mojave has a top speed of 278 mph and a range of 2204 km supplied by two 350 hp Avco−Lycoming LTIO0−540−V2AD six−cylinder horizontally−opposed engines.
MONTGOLFIER The Montgolfier brothers made a hot air balloon, in which Jean Francois Pilatre de Rozier and the Marquis d' Ariandes made the world's first aerial voyage over Paris on November the 21st 1783.
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MOSQUITO The De Havilland Mosquito was an English two−seat fighter bomber aircraft. It was made completely of wood, which made it very easy to repair following attacks. It had a top speed of 400 mph making it one of the fastest aircraft in the Second World War.
MOTH The Moth was a British biplane. It was cheap, reliable and easy to fly making it popular with the general public. The RAF used it as a primary trainer aircraft. The Moth entered production in 1931 and ended after the Second World War.
MS 760 PARIS
The Morane−Saulnier MS 760 Paris is a French short−range light transport aircraft with liaison, armament training an light attack/counter−insurgency capabilities. The MS 760 Paris first flew in 1954 and was entered into service in 1958. The MS 760B Paris II is powered by two Turbomeca Marbore VI turbojets providing a top speed of 695 kmh and a range of 1740 km. The MS 760B Paris II carries a flight crew of one or two and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin. Armaments, when fitted, consist of two 7.5 or 7.65 mm machine−guns in the nose of a DEFA 30 mm cannon in the nose and 400 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
MU−300 The MU−300 is a Japanese light corporate transport aircraft.
MUDRY CAP 10 The Mudry CAP 10 is a French two−seater primary and aerobatic trainer aircraft developed from the Piel Emeraude kit−built light plane and first flown as a prototype in 1968. The Mudry CAP 10 is a small low−wing monoplane of all wooden construction powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−360−B2F flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 340 kmh and a range of 1000 km.
MUDRY CAP 20
The Mudry CAP 20 is a French single−seater aerobatic aircraft developed in parallel with the Mudry CAP 10, but designed for more stressful aerobatics. The Mudry CAP 20 is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−360−B1B flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 370 km and a flying endurance of two hours.
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MUSTANG See "North American P−51"
MYASISCHEV MYA−4 The Myasischev Mya−4 (Bison) was a Soviet long−range heavy bomber in service from 1956 to about 1990. The Myasischev Mya−4 was powered by four MNPK 'Soyuz' Am−3D turbojets providing a top speed of 620 mph and a maximum range of 5600 km. Armaments consisted of nine Nudel'man−Rikhter NR−23 23 mm cannons firing as a single gun on the starboard side of the nose, twin guns in the tail turret, one remote controlled barbette on the upper fuselage and two remote controlled barbettes on the lower fuselage and up to 9000 kg of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay. The Myasischev Mya−4 was manned by a crew of seven consisting of two pilots, navigator/bomb−aimer, radar/Ew−system operator and three gunners.
MYASISHCHYEV M−55 GEOFIZIKA The Myasishchyev M−55 Geofizika (Mystic−B) is a Soviet single−seater military reconnaissance aircraft developed from the Myasishchyev M−17 Stratosfera, that entered service in the 1980's. The Myasishchyev M−55 Geofizika is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' PS−30V12 engines providing a top speed of 750 kmh and an endurance of 7 hours flying time.
MYSTERE II The Dassault MD452 Mystere II was a French single−seater fighter aircraft of the 1950's which first entered service in 1954. The Dassault MD452 Mystere II was powered by a SNECMA Atar 101D−2/3 turbojet providing a top speed of 1040 kmh and a maximum range of 1200 km or 1 hour 30 minutes flying time. Armaments consisted of two DEFA 551 30 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage.
MYSTERE IV The Dassault MD454 Mystere IV was a French single−seater fighter aircraft which first entered service in 1954 and was withdrawn from service in 1982. The Dassault MD454 Mystere IV was powered by a Hispano−Suiza Verdon 350 turbojet providing a top speed of 1120 kmh and a maximum range of 920 km or 1 hour 10 minutes flying time. Armaments consisted of two DEFA 551 30 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores which could be carried on four under−wing hard points.
NA−180 See "F−100 Super Sabre"
NAKAJIMA A6M2−N
The Nakajima A6M2−N was a Japanese single−seat fighter seaplane of the Second World War developed from the Misubishi A6M fighter on the demand of the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1941, and first flown in December 1941. The Nakajima A6M2−N, code named Rufe by the Allies, was essentially a Mitsubish A6M fighter with a large central float which also contained an auxiliary fuel tank, stabilising floats beneath the wings and increased vertical tail surfaces. The Nakajima A6M2−N was powered by a 940 hp Nakajima 168
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft NK1C Sakae 12 14−cylinder radial piston engine that provided a top speed of 436 kmh and a range of 1780 km. Armaments consisted of two fuselage mounted 7.7 mm machine−guns and two wing mounted 20 mm cannons and external racks for two 60 kg bombs.
NAKAJIMA B5N The Nakajima B5N was a Japanese carrier−based torpedo−bomber aircraft of the Second World War, code named Kate by the Allies. The Nakajima B5N was a cantilever, low−wing monoplane with retractable tail wheel landing gear and was manned by a crew of three comprising a pilot, radio operator, and observer/bomb−aimer. The Nakajima B5N2 was powered by a 1000 hp Nakajima NK1B Sakae 11 14−cylinder radial piston engine that provided a top speed of 378 kmh and a range of 1990 km. Armaments consisted of one 7.7 mm machine−gun on a trainable mount in the rear cockpit and either one 800 kg torpedo or a bomb load of 800 kg.
NAKAJIMA B6N The Nakajima B6N Tenzan was a Japanese carrier−based torpedo−bomber aircraft of the Second World War, code named Jill by the Allies, designed to an Imperial Japanese Navy specification of 1939 for a replacement to the Nakajima B5N. Problems with the design delayed the Nakajima B6N from entering production until 1943. The Nakajima B6N2 was powered by a 1850 hp Mitsubishi MK4T Kasei 25 14− cylinder radial piston engine that provided a top speed of 480 kmh and a range of 3045 km. Armaments consisted of a 7.7 mm machine−gun mounted on a trainable mount in the rear cockpit and one 7.7 mm machine−gun fired through a ventral tunnel, and either one 800 kg torpedo or 800 kg of bombs.
NAKAJIMA C6N The Nakajima C6N Saiun was a Japanese carrier−based reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War designed to meet an Imperial Japanese Navy specification for a long−range carrier−based reconnaissance aircraft drawn up in 1942. The first Nakajima C6N was flown in May 1943 before eventually entering production in early 1944. The Nakajima C6N carried a crew of three and was powered by a 1990 hp Nakajima NK9H Homare 21 18−cylinder radial piston engine which provided a top speed of 610 kmh and a range of 5310 km when fitted with auxiliary fuel tanks. Armaments consisted of a single rearward−firing 7.92 mm machine−gun on a trainable mounting.
NAKAJIMA J1N
The Nakajima J1N Gekko was a Japanese two−seater night fighter aircraft of the Second World War designed to protect bombers making attacks deep into Chinese territory and code named Irving by the Allies. The Nakajima J1N was powered by two 1130 hp Nakajima Sakae 21 14−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 507 kmh and a range of 3780 km. Armaments consisted of two downward− firing 20 mm Type 99 cannons and two upward−firing 20 mm Type 99 cannons.
NAKAJIMA KI−115 The Nakajima Ki−115 Tsurugi was a Japanese single−seater suicide attack aircraft of the Second World War designed in 1945, but never used operationally. The Nakajima Ki−115 was powered by a 1130 hp Nakajima Ha−35 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 550 kmh and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of a single 800 kg bomb semi−recessed beneath the fuselage.
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NAKAJIMA KI−27
The Nakajima Ki−27 was a Japanese single−seater fighter aircraft of the Second World War produced from 1937 to 1942 and code named Abdul and later Nate by the Allies. The Nakajima Ki−27 was powered by a 710 hp Nakajima Ha−1b 9−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 470 kmh and a range of 625 km. Armaments consisted of two forward firing 7.7 mm machine−guns.
NAKAJIMA KI−43 The Nakajima Ki−43 Hayabusa was a Japanese single−seater fighter−bomber of the Second World War produced from 1941 in response to an Imperial Japanese Army specification for a more advanced fighter to replace the Nakajima Ki−27. The Nakajima Ki−43 was code named Oscar by the Allies, and was powered by one 1150 hp Nakajima Ha−115 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 530 kmh and a range of 3200 km. Armaments consisted of two 12.7 mm forward−firing machine−guns and two 250 kg bombs carried on under−wing racks.
NAKAJIMA KI−44
The Nakajima Ki−44 Shoki was a Japanese single−seater interceptor fighter aircraft of the Second World War first flown in August 1940 in response to an Imperial Japanese Army specification for an interceptor fighter with manoeuvrability to be given precedence over speed. The Nakajima Ki− 44 was powered by a 1520 hp Nakajima Ha−109 14−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 605 kmh and a range of 1700 km. Armaments consisted of two 12.7 mm machine−guns mounted in the fuselage and two 12.7 mm machine−guns mounted in the wings.
NAKAJIMA KI−49 The Nakajima Ki−49 Donryu (code named Helen by the allies) was a Japanese heavy bomber aircraft of the Second World War first flown in August 1939 designed as a replacement for the Mitsubishi Ki−21. The Nakajima Ki−49 carried a crew of eight and was powered by two 1500 hp Nakajima Ha−109 14− cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 492 kmh and a range of 2950 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm cannon in the dorsal turret, a 7.7 mm machine−gun in the nose, a 7.7 mm machine−gun in the ventral position, a 7.7 mm machine−gun in the starboard beam position and a 7.7 mm machine−gun in the tail position and a bomb load of 1000 kg.
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NAKAJIMA KI−84 The Nakajima Ki−84 Hayate was a Japanese single−seater interceptor fighter/fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War entering service in 1944, and first seeing major operational use at the Battle of Leyte in late 1944. The Nakajima Ki−84 was powered by a 1900 hp Nakajima Ha−45 18−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 631 kmh and a range of 2168 km. Armaments consisted of two fuselage mounted 12.7 mm Type 1 machine−guns and two wing mounted 20 mm Ho−5 cannons and either two 250 kg bombs or drop tanks carried on external racks.
NANCHANG Q−5 The Nanchang Q−5 (Fantan−A) is a Chinese single−seater attack aircraft armed with two 23 mm cannon in the wing roots and up to 2000 kg of disposable stores carried in the under−fuselage weapons bay and on eight hard points, two tandem pairs under the fuselage and two under each wing. The Q−5 is a radical Chinese development of the Mikoyan−Gurevich MIG−19, itself in production and under continued development in China as the Shenyang J−6 series.
NDN−1 The Ndn−1 is a British two−seat basic trainer aircraft.
NDN−6
The Ndn−6 Fieldmaster is a British two−seat agricultural aircraft. It has a top speed of 157 mph and a range of 1297 km. The prototype was flown in December 1981, and production started in the mid 1980s.
NEIVA 420 The Neiva 420 L−42 Regente is a Brazilian short−range light transport aircraft with liaison and air observation capabilities entered into service in 1965. The Neiva 420L is powered by one Teledyne Continental IO−360−D flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 246 kmh and a range of 950 km. The Neiva 420L carries a pilot and up to two passengers or a pilot and observer. Four under−wing hard points provide a facility for carrying light bombs and unguided rockets.
NEIVA 621
The Neiva 621 Universal (T−25) is a Brazilian three−seater basic flying trainer aircraft developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1971. The Neiva 621 Universal is powered by a Textron Lycoming 171
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft IO−540−G1A5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 324 kmh and a range of 1000 km.
NH90 NFH The NH90 NFH (NATO Frigate Helicopter) is one of two versions of the NH90, the 9 ton class twin engine multi−role helicopter. The primary missions of the NH90 NATO Frigate Helicopter are in the autonomous ASW anti submarine warfare and ASuW anti−surface ship warfare role. The helicopter can operate by day and night, in adverse weather and in the environment of severe ship motion. In the anti−submarine warfare role, the helicopter is capable of carrying out detection, classification, identification tracking and attack of submarines. The helicopter has a crew of three or four, the pilot and co−pilot/Tacco (the tactical co−ordinator responsible for anti−surface or anti− submarine warfare mission management) and the Senso (the helicopter sensor systems operator) in the cabin.
NIGHTHAWK See "F−117A"
NIGHTINGALE See "C−9"
NIMROD The Nimrod is a family of British long−range maritime patrol aircraft. The main roles of the new Nimrod 2000 are maritime reconnaissance, anti−submarine warfare, anti−surface unit warfare and search and rescue. Nimrod 2000 is equipped with a stores management system, SMS, which consists of a stores management processor together with five station control units. The system carries out inventory tracking and control, air−to−air weapon control, air−to−sea weapon control, and built−in test and fault diagnostics. The aircraft has a weapons bay with side opening doors at the bottom of the fuselage. The weapons bay can carry fuel tanks, torpedoes (including the Tigerfish torpedo) and sonobuouys. An under−wing hard point on each side of the aircraft can carry the AGM−84 Harpoon anti−ship missile from Boeing or the AIM−9 Sidewinder air−to−air missile.
NOORDUYN NORSEMAN
The Noorduyn Norseman was a Canadian utility transport aircraft designed for both the civilian and military markets. It entered service with the Canadian air force in 1937 and was withdrawn in the 1970s. It had a top speed of 165 mph and a typical range of 970 km, depending upon payload, and carried up to eight passengers or freight.
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NORD N.2501 The Nord N.2510 Noratlas is a French short/medium−range medium transport aircraft developed after the Second World War, entering service in 1952. The Nord N.2510 Noratlas is powered by two SNECMA Hercules Mk 738 or Mk 739 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 440 kmh and a range of 3000 km. The Nord N.2510 Noratlas carries a flight crew of four or five and up to 45 troops, 36 paratroops or 18 litters and attendants or 7880 kg of freight in the hold.
NORINCO 100 KG TYPE 2 BOMB
The Norinco 100 kg Type 2 bomb is a Chinese air−borne blast/fragmentation light bomb used by Chinese bombers, fighter−bombers and ground attack aircraft.
NORINCO 250 KG TYPE 2 BOMB The Norinco 250 kg Type 2 bomb is a Chinese air−borne cluster bomb designed to open at a preset altitude. The weapon can hold 28 5 kg anti−personnel and anti−vehicle fragmentation bomblets, 42 2.5 kg anti−personnel bomblets or 26 2 kg anti−tank bomblets.
NORINCO 55 MM UNGUIDED ROCKET TYPE 1 The Norinco 55 mm Unguided Rocket Type 1 is a Chinese aircraft and helicopter launched air−to−surface rocket based on the Soviet S−5. The rocket is generally carried in an eight−round under−wing launcher by tactical warplanes and can be fired singularly or in salvos.
NORINCO 90 MM UNGUIDED ROCKET TYPE 1 The Norinco 90 mm Unguided Rocket Type 1 is a Chinese aircraft and helicopter launched air−to−surface anti−armour rocket fitted with a hollow− charge warhead capable of penetrating 120 mm of armour.
NORTH AMERICAN AT−6 The North American AT−6 (Texan) was an American two−seater advanced flying trainer aircraft used during the Second World War by both the US Army Air Forces and the US Navy. During the Korean War, AT−6s were used in a Forward Air Control (FAC) role directing artillery and air strikes. The last AT−6s went out of service in the 1970s. The AT−6 was powered by a Pratt and Whitney R−1340−AN−1 Wasp radial piston engine providing a top speed of 330 kmh and a range of 1207 km.
NORTH AMERICAN CT−39 The North American CT−39 (Sabreliner) is an American trainer and utility transport aircraft based on the Rockwell 40 commercial aircraft. Two Pratt and Whitney J60−P−3 engines provide a top speed of 563 mph and a range of 3380 km. The North American CT−39 carries a flight crew of two and up to ten passengers or 2500 lbs of freight in the cabin. American Air Force and Navy CT−39's were equipped with radar and LORAN navigational equipment and used to train navigators and F−105 aircrews.
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NORTH AMERICAN F−82 TWIN MUSTANG The North American F−82 Twin Mustang was an American, two−seater, twin−fuselaged fighter aircraft developed during the late 1940s first as a long−range escort fighter and later as a night−fighter. The G variant was powered by two Allison V−1710−143/145, V−12, liquid−cooled engines each rated at 1600 hp delivering a maximum speed of 740 kmh and a range of 3600 km. The North American F−82 Twin Mustang was armed with six machine−guns and a payload of 4000 lb of bombs. The North American F−82 Twin Mustang saw action early in the Korean War and was withdrawn from service in October 1953.
NORTH AMERICAN FJ FURY
The North American FJ Fury was an American single−seater Naval fighter−bomber in service from 1956 to the 1960's. The North American FJ−4B Fury was powered by a Wright J65−W−16A turbojet providing a top speed of 1094 kmh and a range of 3250 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and up to 3000 lbs of disposable stores carried on under−wing hard points.
NORTH AMERICAN NA−159 The North American NA−159 (T−28 Trojan) is an American two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with armament training and light attack capability. The North American NA−159 was developed in 1949 as a replacement for the North American T−6 Texan trainer and entered service in 1950. The North American NA−159 is powered by a WrightR−1300−1 Cyclone 7−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engine providing a top speed of 630 kmh and a range of 1480 km, in later models increased to 2173 km. The North American NA−159 is generally unarmed but has provision for two .5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns to be mounted in the wing leading edges and can carry 200 lbs of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
NORTH AMERICAN NA−249
The North American NA−249 (T−2 Buckeye) is an American two−seater basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability designed in response to a request in 1956 from the US Navy for a multi−role trainer on which pupils could progress from basic flying to the carrier qualification stages of the training programme. The North American NA−249 entered service in 1958 and is powered by two general Electric J85−GE−4 turbojets providing a top speed of 840 kmh and a range of 1685 km. The North American NA−249 can carry up to 640 lbs of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
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NORTH AMERICAN P−51 The North American P−51 (Mustang) was a range of American made single−seater interceptor and long−range escort fighter of the Second World War. The North American P−51 (model D) was powered by a Packard Merlin V−1650−7 inline piston engine providing a top speed of 437 mph and a range of 3347 km. The North American P−51 (model D) was armed with six 0.5 inch calibre machine−guns and could also carry two 1000 lb bombs or six 5 inch rockets.
NORTHROP Northrop are an American aircraft manufacturer.
NORTHROP A−17
The Northrop A−17 (Nomad) was an American attack aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1936 to the 1950s. The A−17 carried a pilot and gunner in tandem in an enclosed canopy, a Pratt and Whitney R−1535−13 radial piston engine of 825 hp provided a top speed of 220 mph and a typical range of 1175 km. The A−17 was armed with four 7.62 mm Browning fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings and one 7.62 mm Browning trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 1200 lbs of disposable stores could be carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay rated at 600 lb and on four under wing hard points, and generally comprised bombs.
NORTHROP F−5 The Northrop F−5 (Tiger II) is an American single−seater light tactical and attack fighter. It is armed with two 20 mm Pontiac M39A2 cannon in the underside of the nose and up to 7400 lbs of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing and two wingtip missile rails. The F−5 was first flown in July 1959 as the private−venture Northrop N−156, the F−5A (Freedom Fighter) was produced with US government backing as a supersonic tactical fighter with limited offensive capabilities and thus suitable for export to American allies requiring a modern fighter of limited cost, operating and maintenance requirements.
NORTHROP F−89
The Northrop F−89 Scorpion was an American two−seater all−weather fighter aircraft in service from 1951 to 1957 when it was replaced by the F−102A Delta Dart. The Northrop F−89D model was powered by two Allison J35−A−35 turbojets providing a top speed of 1023 kmh and a range of 2200 km. Armaments consisted of fifty−two 70 mm air−to−air rockets.
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NORTHROP T−38 The Northrop T−38 Talon is an American two−seater supersonic basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft based on the Northrop F−5 fighter, and in service since 1961. The Northrop T−38 is powered by two General Electric J85−GE−5 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.3 and a range of 1385 km typically.
NORTH AMERICAN NA−140 See "F−86 Sabre"
NYMPH The Nymph is a British single−engined four−seat light aircraft. It is powered by a 115bhp Lycoming 0−235−CIB engine and has a speed of 117 mph.
OC−135 The OC−135 is an American observation aircraft. It is a modified WC−135B. The OC−135B modifications centre around four cameras installed in the rear of the aircraft. Since its primary mission is to take pictures, most of the installed equipment and systems provide direct support to the cameras and the camera operator. Work on the aircraft also included installing an auxiliary power unit, crew luggage compartment, sensor operator console, flight following console and upgraded avionics. The interior seats 38 people including: the cockpit crew, aircraft maintenance crew, foreign country representatives and crew members from the Department of Defense's On−Site Inspection Agency. Cameras installed include one vertical and two oblique KS−87 framing cameras used for low altitude photography approximately 3,000 feet above the ground, and one KA−91 pan camera, which pans from side to side to provide a wide sweep for each picture, used for high altitude photography at approximately 35,000 feet. The Miletus camera annotation system processes navigational, altitude, time and camera signals to annotate each picture with correct position, altitude, time, roll angle and other information. In addition, this system records every picture taken according to camera, frame and navigational position and downloads this data to a 3.5−inch floppy disk. A keyboard with trackball is the input device for operation of this system. Two Barco 12−inch VGA colour monitors display camera annotation and other camera data on screen for the sensor operator and observer use.
OERLIKON KAD The Oerlikon KAD is a Swiss 20 mm calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. The KAD has a rate of fire of 1000 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1100 mps giving an effective range of 1500 meters.
OERLIKON KCA
The Oerlikon KCA is a Swiss 30 mm calibre, gas−operated single−barrel cannon fitted to aircraft. The KCA has a rate of fire of 1350 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1030 mps giving an effective range of 2500 meters.
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OH−58 The Bell 206 (OH−58 Kiowa) is a US army scout helicopter. It was developed during the 1950s and is still one of the preferred light observation platforms. It is powered by an Allison T703−AD−700 turboshaft providing a top speed of 247 kmh and while it normally does not carry extensive armament, it can be outfitted with both guns and rockets, including four FIM−92 Stinger or AGM−114 Hellfire missiles.
OH−58D The Bell OH−58D (Warrior) is an American army helicopter. It is the armed version of the OH−58 (Bell 206) scout helicopter. In an armed reconnaissance role, it specializes in night operations and can be armed with 70 mm rockets, Hellfire and Stinger missiles and .50−cal. machineguns. It has a 90−knot cruise airspeed.
OH−6
The McDonnel Douglas Model 369 (OH−6 Cayuse) is an American utility light helicopter optimised for observation and scout roles in service since 1966. The OH−6 is powered by an Allison T63−A−5A turboshaft providing a top speed of 241 km and a range of 611 km. The OH−6 carries a flight crew of two and up to four passengers or 1020 lbs of freight in the cabin. Generally unarmed, provision is provided to fit a McDonnel Douglas Helicopters M27 or M8 armament package to each side of the fuselage.
OKHA The Okha was a specifically designed piloted flying bomb developed for use by Japanese Kamikaze squads.
ORAO The Soko Orao/CNIAR IAR−93 (Soko J−22) is a joint Yugoslavian and Romanian single−seater close air support attack and reconnaissance aircraft first flown in 1974, entering service in 1981. The Soko Orao/CNIAR IAR−93 is powered by two ORAO/Turbomecanica Viper Mk 633−41 turbojets providing a top speed of 1020 km and a range of 500 km typically. It is armed with two Gryazev−Shipunov GSh−23L 23 mm twin−barrel cannon, in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 2800 kg of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing.
OURAGAN The Dassault MD450 Ouragan is a French single−seater fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft which first entered service in 1952. The Dassault MD450 Ouragan is powered by a Hispano−Suiza Nene Mk 104B turbojet providing a top speed of 940 kmh and a maximum range of 920 km with tip−tanks. The Dassault MD450 Ouragan is armed with four Hispano−Suiza 404 Model 50 20 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and can carry 1000 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
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OV−10A
The Rockwell OV−10A Bronco is an American two−seater multi−role counter−insurgency and forward air control aircraft. It is armed with four 7.62 mm M60C machine−guns, located as a pair in each fuselage sponson and up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each sponson and on two under−wing missile rails. First flown in August 1967, the Bronco was the result of joint US Marine Corps and US Air Force interest in a Light Armed Reconnaissance Aircraft for the 'Brushfire War' counter−insurgency and forward air control roles. Apart from its considerable armament, this STOL type can carry in the rear of the central nacelle 3200 lbs of freight, or five paratroops, or two litters and one attendant.
OV−1D The Grumman G−134 (OV−1 Mohawk) is an American two−seater tactical reconnaissance aircraft developed after the Korean war exclusively for service with the US Army, entering service in 1961. The OV−1 was developed as a STOL aircraft capable of conducting day and night photographic missions and capable of being upgraded with electronic surveillance equipment. Various models were produced, the OV−1D is a later variant powered by two Textron Lycoming T53−L−701 turboprops providing a top speed of 491 kmh and a range of 1520 km depending upon load. The OV−1D can carry up to 1225 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
OWLET The Owlet was a British tricycle trainer aircraft made by General Aircraft during the Second World War. It had a top speed of 125 mph.
OXFORD
The Airspeed Oxford was a British trainer aircraft used for training bomber pilots during the Second World War. It was a twin−engined low−wing cantilever monoplane with a retractable undercarriage. It had two 375hp Armstrong Siddeley cheetah X engines producing a top speed of 197mph at 8300ft. It had a service ceiling of 23000ft.
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OY−1 See "Stinson L−5"
P−1 MUSHSHAK The PAC/AMF P−1 Mushshak is a Swedish−designed Pakistani three−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with armament training and counter−insurgency capabilities. The PAC/AMF P−1 Mushshak entered service in 1976 and is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A1B6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 365 kmh and an endurance of five hours ten minutes flying time. The PAC/AMF P−1 Mushshak can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on six under−wing hard points.
P−40 The Curtiss Warhawk (P−40) was a series of American single−seat fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War. Production started in 1939 and from then until December 1944, when the Warhawk was withdrawn from production it was the subject of continuous development and served in the air forces of the Allies in practically every theatre of the war. Warhawks were used by twenty−eight Allied and friendly nations. In Britain, the early model Warhawks were known as the Tomahawk and the later models, Kittyhawk. The maximum speed of the P−40F (middle of the series) version was a top speed of 582 kmh and a normal range of 976 km and a maximum range of 1920 km when fitted with auxiliary fuel tanks.
P−40B The P−40B was a development of the Curtiss Warhawk, P−40 single−seat fighter aircraft. It was fitted with pilot armour, a bullet−proof windscreen and had its armament increased to two machine−guns in each wing and leak proof fuel tanks.
P−40D The Curtiss Warhawk P−40D was a fighter−bomber development of the P−40 fitted with a new engine which allowed the fuselage to be shortened by six inches. The synchronised fuselage machine−guns were abandoned and shackles under the fuselage fitted to carry a fuel tank or 300−500 lb bomb. Racks under the outer wings were fitted to carry six 20 lb bombs.
P−40E
The Curtiss Warhawk P−40E (Kittyhawk IA) was similar to the P−40D but had the armament increased to three machine−guns in each wing.
P−43 The Republic P−43 Lancer was an American single seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War, entering service in early 1941. It was armed with four .50 inch calibre machine−guns and carried six 20 lb. Bombs. A Pratt and Whitney R−1830−57 Twin Wasp radial engine of 1200 hp provided a top speed of 356 mph and a range of 1046 km.
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P−95 BANDEIRULHA See "EMBRAER EMB−111"
PA−48 The PA−48 is an American single−seat close air support aircraft.
PAH−1
The Messerschmitt−Bolkow−Blohm PAH−1 (BO 105P) is the German army two−seater anti−tank helicopter variant of the BO 105 series. It is armed with the provision for one Rheinmetall HBS 202 fixed under−fuselage 20 mm cannon system, or for one side−mounted Emerson Flexible Turret System with a 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2/A Minigun and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on two hard points, one on each side of the fuselage on outriggers, typically comprising six Euromissile HOT anti−tank missiles or eight Hughes BGM−71 TOW ant−tank missiles.
PANAVIA TORNADO The Panavia Tornado is a joint European (Germany, Italy and the UK) two−seater variable−geometry multi−role combat aircraft optimised for the interdiction and strike roles that entered service in 1980. The Panavia Tornado is powered by two Turbo−Union RB.199−34R Mk 101 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a range of 1390 km typically. It is armed with two 27 mm IKWA Mauser cannons in the underside of the nose and up to 8165 kg of disposable stores carried on nine hard points, one centreline and four lateral under the fuselage, the latter being two tandem pairs each able to accept twin or triple ejector racks, and two swivelling under each wing.
PARABELLUM MG17 The Parabellum MG17 was a German machine−gun produced by Deutsche Waffen and Munitionswerke from 1916 to 1918, based on the Maxim but lighter for use on aircraft and as an infantry weapon. The Parabellum MG17 was chambered for the 7.92 mm Mauser cartridge which it took from a 250−round cloth belt and fired at a rate of 700 rounds per minute. The original gun was produced for use as an observer's gun in aircraft, a second version produced in 1918 as an infantry weapon had a thinner barrel and a fitting beneath the receiver for a bipod or tripod.
PAVE HAWK See "MH−60G"
PAZMANY PL−1 The Pazmany PL−1 Chien−shou is an American−designed Taiwanese two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft designed in America as a two−seater light plane for home construction by aviation enthusiasts, and first flown in 1962. In 1968 the Taiwanese air force built one and subsequently adopted the Pazmany PL−1 for use. The Pazmany PL−1 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320−E2A flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 241 kmh and a range of 649 km.
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PEMBROKE C MK 1
The Hunting P66 Pembroke C Mk 1 is a British short−range utility light transport aircraft that entered service with the RAF in 1953. The Pembroke C Mk 1 is powered by two Alvis Leonides Mk 127 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 1853 km. The Pembroke C Mk 1 carries a crew of two and up to eight passengers or six litters and one attendant or 786 kg of freight in the cabin.
PHOENIX Phoenix is the codename for the AIM−54 air−to−air missile.
PIAGGIO P.108 The Piaggio P.108 was an Italian heavy bomber aircraft of the Second World War, first deployed in night attacks against Gibraltar in 1942. The Piaggio P.108 was Italy's only four−engined bomber and was powered by four 1500 hp Piaggio P.XII RC.35 18−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 430 kmh and a range of 3520 km. Armaments consisted of eight 12.7 mm machine−guns and a bomb load of up to 3500 kg.
PIAGGIO P.136
The Piaggio P.136 was an Italian short−range search−and−rescue amphibian flying boat with training capabilities introduced into service in 1949 and withdrawn from service in 1961. The Piaggio P.136−L was powered by two Avco Lycoming GO−480−B flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 294 kmh and a range of 1700 km. The Piaggio P.136−L carried a flight crew of two and up to three passengers.
PIAGGIO P.148 The Piaggio P.148 was an Italian three−seater elementary/primary flying trainer aircraft in service from 1952 until the 1970's. The Piaggio P.148 was of all−metal construction and powered by an Avco Lycoming O−435−A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 234 kmh and a range of 925 km.
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PIAGGIO P.149
The Piaggio P.149 is an Italian short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability that entered service in 1957. The Piaggio P.149−D is powered by an Avco Lycoming GO−480 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 304 kmh and a range of 1090 km. The Piaggio P.149−D carries a crew of one or two and up to three passengers in the cabin.
PIAGGIO P.166 The Piaggio P.166 is an Italian short−range utility light transport aircraft that entered service in 1962. The Piaggio P.149−DL3 is powered by three Textron Lycoming LTP101−700 turboprops providing a top speed of 407 kmh and a range of 1390 km fully laden. The Piaggio P.166−DL3 carries a crew of two and up to eight passengers or 1073 kg of freight in the cabin.
PIAGGIO PD−808
The Piaggio PD−808 is an American designed, Italian short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft produced in the 1960's from a design sold to Piaggio by McDonnell Douglas. The Piaggio PD−808 is powered by two Piaggio Viper ASV.11 Mk 526 turbojets providing a top speed of 852 kmh and a range of 2048 km. The Piaggio PD−808 carries a crew of two and up to nine passengers or 1600 lbs of freight in the cabin.
PIASECKI H−21 The Piasecki H−21 (Workhorse) was an American utility helicopter developed in 1949. The H−21 was used as a utility and rescue aircraft in the Korean War. They had inflatable pontoons on the wheels allowing the aircraft to land on water. Considered to be the first heavy lift helicopter, a modified HU−21 made the first non−stop transcontinental helicopter flight on 24 August 1956. The CH−21B model was powered by a Wright R−1820 engine of 1425 hp providing a top speed of 132 mph and a range of 640 km.
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PIK−23 The Valmet PIK−23 is a Finnish two−seat primary trainer and glider tug aircraft.
PILATUS P−3 The Pilatus P−3 is a Swiss two−seater basic/intermediate flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability developed during the 1950's, entering service in 1958. The Pilatus P−3 is powered by a Textron Lycoming GO−435−C2A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 750 km. The Pilatus P−3 is armed with a 7.62 mm machine−gun carried in an optional pod under the port wing and can carry up to 150 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
PILATUS PC−6 The Pilatus PC−6 Porter is a Swiss short−range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1960's. The Pilatus PC−6/340 is powered by a Textron Lycoming GSO−480−B1 A6 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 640 km fully laden. The Pilatus PC−6 carries a pilot and up to ten passengers or 526 kg of freight in the cabin.
PILATUS PC−6 TURBO−PORTER
The Pilatus PC−6 Turbo−Porter is a Swiss short−range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1960's as a turboprop version of the Pilatus PC−6. The Pilatus PC−6/B2−H4 Turbo−Porter is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−27 turboprop providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 730 km fully laden. The Pilatus PC−6/B2−H4 Turbo−Porter carries a crew of one and up to ten passengers or 1130 kg of freight in the cabin.
PILATUS PC−7
The Pilatus PC−7 is a Swiss tandem two−seat basic/intermediate flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability designed for military customers and first flown in 1966, entering service in 1978. The Pilatus PC−7 derived from the piston−engined Pilatus P−3, and is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−25A turboprop providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 1200 km. The Pilatus PC−7 can carry up to 1040 kg of disposable stores on six under−wing hard points.
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PILATUS PC−9 The Pilatus PC−9 is a Swiss two−seater basic/intermediate flying and armament trainer aircraft with counter−insurgency capability in service since 1986. The Pilatus PC−9 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−62 turboprop providing a top speed of 667 kmh and a range of 1642 km. The Pilatus PC−9 can carry up to 1040 kg of disposable stores on six under−wing hard points.
PIPER Piper is an American aircraft manufacturer.
PIPER AEROSTAR The Piper Aerostar is a series of light transport aircraft that first flew in 1967.
PIPER PA−18
The Piper PA−18 Super Cub is an American short−range liaison aircraft with observation, primary training and glider towing capabilities that entered service in the 1950's. The Piper PA−18 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320 flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 246 kmh and a range of 735 km. The Piper PA−18 carries a crew of two.
PIPER PA−23 The Piper PA−23 is a series of American short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability which entered service in 1954. The Piper PA−23−250 Aztec D is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO−540−C4B5 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 348 kmh and a range of 1947 km. The Piper PA−23 carries a pilot and up to five passengers or freight in the cabin.
PIPER PA−24
The Piper PA−24 Comanche is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability which entered service in 1957. The Piper PA−24−260 Comanche C is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−540 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 314 kmh and a range of 1287 km. The Piper PA−24 carries a pilot and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
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PIPER PA−28 The Piper PA−28 is a series of American short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1961. The Piper PA−28−161 Warrior II is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320−D3G flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 282 kmh and a range of 1186 km. The Piper PA−28 carries a pilot and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
PIPER PA−31
The Piper PA−31 is a series of American short/medium−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1967. The Piper PA−31−300 Navajo is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO−540−M flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 365 kmh and a range of 2494 km. The Piper PA−31 carries a pilot and up to seven passengers or freight in the cabin.
PIPER PA−34 The Piper PA−34 Seneca is a series of American short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1972. The Piper PA−34−220T Seneca III is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO/LTSIO−360−KB flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 363 kmh and a range of 1240 km. The Piper PA−34 carries a pilot and optional co−pilot and up to seven passengers or freight in the cabin.
PIPER PA−42 The Piper PA−42−720 Cheyenne IIIA is an American Customs High Endurance Tracker aircraft optimised for the US Drug Enforcement Administration for the tracking and identification of drug−trafficking aircraft. The Piper PA−42−720 Cheyenne IIIA is powered by two Pratt And Whitney Canada PT6A−61 turboprops providing a top speed of 565 kmh and a range of 4207 km. The Piper PA−42−720 Cheyenne IIIA carries a flight crew of two and mission crew of two. The Piper PA−42 Cheyenne IV is an American light corporate executive transport aircraft. The Piper PA−42 Cheyenne IV can carry up to nine passengers and has a top speed of 404 mph and a typical range of 2187 km supplied by two 1000 shp Garrett AiResearch TPE331−14 turboprops.
PITTS S−2 SPECIAL
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The Pitts S−2 Special is an American two−seater aerobatic trainer aircraft developed from the Pitts S−1 Special biplane first flown in 1944, the Pitts S−2 Special being introduced as a two−seater version in 1967. The Pitts S−2 Special is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A1A flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 326 kmh and a range of 552 km.
POLIKARPOV R−Z The Polikarpov R−Z was a two−seater Soviet ground−attack aircraft of the Second World War, in service from 1935 to 1945, gradually being phased out from 1941 in favour of the IL−2. It was manned by a crew of two seated in tandem and was powered by a Mikulin M−34RN Vee piston engine rated at 850 hp which provided a top speed of 196 mph and a range of 1000 km. It was armed with a 7.62 mm PV−1 fixed, forward−firing synchronised machine−gun in the forward fuselage and one or two 7.62 mm ShKAS trainable rearward−firing machine−guns in the rear cockpit. Up to 450 kg of disposable stores were carried on six under wing hard points.
POTEZ 25
The Potez 25 was a French two−seater light−attack, army co−operation and tactical reconnaissance warplane of the Second World War, serving from 1926 to 1945. The Potez 25 was powered by a Lorraine−Dietrich 12Eb W−type piston engine rated at 450 hp providing a top speed of 129 mph and a typical range of 630 km. It was armed with one Vickers 0.303 inch or 7.5 mm Darne fixed, forward−firing, synchronised machine−gun in the forward fuselage and two Vickers 0.303 inch or 7.5 mm Darne trainable, rearward firing machine−guns in the rear cockpit, and up to 200 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points each rated at 50 kg.
POTEZ 63 The Potez 63 was a French three−seater light−attack, army co−operation and tactical reconnaissance warplane of the Second World War, serving from 1939 to 1945. The Potez 63 was powered by two Gnome−Rhone 14M−4/5 radial piston engines each rated at 700 hp providing a top speed of 264 mph and a maximum range of 1500 km. It was armed with one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward−firing machine−gun under the central fuselage, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear fuselage, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable, rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit; or in the revised standard variant; three 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward−firing machine−guns firing as one in the nose under the central fuselage, four 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward−firing machine−guns in two optional two−gun under−wing packs, three 7.5 mm MAC 1934 M39 rearward−firing machine−guns in the rear fuselage, two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable rearward−firing machine−guns on a SAM AB−68 mounting in the rear cockpit. 186
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PRATT AND WHITNEY Pratt and Whitney are an American aircraft engine manufacturer. They were founded in 1925 by Frederick Brant Rentschler and are now a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation.
PRINCIPLES OF MANNED FLIGHT For a heavier−than−air aircraft to fly, it must generate a lifting force equal to or greater than its weight, and (for powered flights) sufficient power to overcome its drag. The aircraft must also be stable in flight, and for most purposes it must be possible to control direction and attitude of flight. Balloons and airships (lighter−than−air aircraft) exploit Archimedes' principle, whereby a body immersed in a fluid experiences a lifting force equal to the weight of fluid it displaces. The envelope of a balloon or air−ship displaces a large amount of air, but it is filled with a gas lighter than the surrounding air, so it experiences an appreciable lifting force. A heavier−than−air aeroplane obtains its lift from its wings. An aircraft wing is essentially a plate presented edgewise to a moving air−stream (produced by the aeroplane's forward motion), with the leading edge slightly higher than the trailing edge. A component of the air pressure on this inclined plate creates lift; the rest causes drag. The lift generated by such an inclined plate can be experienced by holding your hand out of the window of a moving vehicle. The upward force on the hand is intermittent and slight because the hand's poor aerodynamic shape causes air turbulence and large amounts of drag, but the air−flow around the streamlined, aerofoil cross−section of an aircraft wing is much smoother, drag is minimized, and lift maximized. The lift−to−drag ratio is a measure of aerodynamic efficiency. The overall shape of an aircraft wing also affects its lifting capabilities. A convenient measure of a wing's shape is its aspect ratio, defined as the square of the wing span divided by wing area. Wings with a high aspect ratio (long and thin) produce more lift: they are used for long−range, high−altitude, relatively slow aircraft, and for sailplanes. Low aspect−ratio wings (short and broad) tend to be used in fast, highly manoeuvrable aircraft. The types of aerofoil used in aircraft wings are tly unstable, in that the lifting force is produced behind the wing's centre of gravity. A turning effect is thus produced that tends to force the nose of the aircraft downwards. In most aircraft designs a small tail fin situated well back from the wing produces a negative lift to counteract this turning force. An alternative, recently used on some military aircraft, is a lifting surface (canard) forward of the wings. Aircraft with a canard are inherently unstable, and require advanced electronic control systems to confer artificial stability. In order to manoeuvre an aircraft and to maintain its stability in level flight it is necessary to be able to control pitch, yaw, and roll. Pitch is usually controlled by flaps (elevators) on the rear of the horizontal tail. Yaw is controlled by the rudder, a flap on the vertical tail fin. Roll is controlled by ailerons on the outer trailing edges of the wings − to produce or correct roll, one aileron is lowered while the other is lifted. The rudder and ailerons are used together when banking (turning). Spoilers, retractable flaps that 'spoil' the lift of the wing, may be used in combination with or instead of ailerons to control roll; they also increase drag. The amount of lift generated by an aircraft is proportional to the square of air−speed, which means that at high speeds, wings generate much more lift than at the low speeds of take−off and landing. Extra lift can be generated by increasing the angle of incidence of the wing to the air−flow (by lifting the nose), but beyond a certain point the smooth flow of air across the wing breaks down, lift is lost and drag is increased, a phenomenon known as wing stall. The design of modern high−speed aircraft is such that they cannot be flown slowly. Various devices are needed to enable such aircraft to take off and land at speeds that do not require excessively long runways. Slats on the leading edge of the wing and various flaps on the trailing edge provide an optimised arrangement by which the lift of the wing is maximized without unacceptable increases in drag. A propulsive system is needed to produce forward motion in an aeroplane; this may be an engine− or turbine−driven propeller, or a jet engine. At take−off, the engine's thrust generates forward motion, and the resulting air−flow over the wings generates lift in excess of the total weight of the machine.
PROMAVIA JET SQUALUS F1300 NGT
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT is a Belgian two−seater primary/basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability. The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT is powered by a Garrett TFE109−3 turbofan providing a top speed of 638 kmh and a range of 1854 km with fitted drop tanks. The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT can carry up to 600 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points each rated at 150 kg.
PZL I−22 IRYDA The PZL I−22 Iryda is a Polish two−seater advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with reconnaissance and light close−support capabilities that entered service in 1992. The PZL I−22 Iryda is powered by two PZL Rzeszow PZL−5 SO−3W22 turbojets providing a top speed of 840 kmh and a range of 420 km fully laden. The PZL I−22 Iryda is armed with a 23 mm Gryazev−Shipunov GSh−23L two−barrel cannon in a ventral pack and can carry up to 1200 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
PZL MIELEC AN−2 The PZL Mielec An−2 is a Polish license built version of the Soviet AN−2 biplane. The PZL Mielec An−2 is a short−range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1940's. The PZL Mielec An−2 is powered by a PZL Kalisz Asz−62IR radial piston engine providing a top speed of 258 kmh and a range of 900 km. The PZL Mielec An−2 carries a flight crew of two and up to twelve passengers or 1300 kg of freight in the cabin.
PZL MIELEC AN−28
The PZL Mielec An−28 is a Polish license built version of the Soviet AN−28 short−range utility light transport aircraft. The PZL Mielec An−28 entered service in 1986. The PZL Mielec An−28 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow TWD−10B turboprops providing a top speed of 390 kmh and a range of 1365 km depending upon payload. The PZL Mielec An−28carries a flight crew of two and up to 17 passengers or 2000 kg of freight in the cabin.
PZL MIELEC M−26 The PZL Mielec M−26 Iskierka is a Polish two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft first flown in 1986. The PZL Mielec M−26 is powered by a PZL−F 6A−350CA flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 940 km. The PZL Mielec M−26 carries a crew of a pilot and trainee in tandem.
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PZL MIELEC TS−11
The PZL Mielec TS−11 Iskra is a Polish one/two seater close−support and reconnaissance trainer aircraft. It is armed with one 23 mm NR−23 cannon situated in the starboard side of the nose and up to 400 kg of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing. First flown in February 1960, the Iskra is powered by an SO−3 turbojet providing a top speed of 750 kmh and a range of 1250 km, later models are powered by an SO−3W turbojet.
PZL SWIDNIK KANIA The PZL Swidnik Kania is a Polish utility light helicopter developed as a version of the PZL Swidnik Mi−2 powered by two Allison 250−C20B turboshafts providing a top speed of 215 kmh and a range of 493 km. The PZL Swidnik Kania carries a crew of one or two and up to nine passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 1200 kg of freight in the cabin or 800 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
PZL SWIDNIK MI−1 The PZL Swidnik Mi−1 (Hare) is a Soviet−designed Polish utility light helicopter first flown in 1948, entering service in 1951. The PZL Swidnik Mi−1 is powered by a PZL Kalisz AI−26V radial piston engine providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 360 km. The PZL Swidnik Mi−1 carries a crew of one and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
PZL SWIDNIK MI−2 The PZL Swidnik Mi−2 (Hoplite) is a Soviet−designed Polish utility light helicopter first flown in 1961, entering service in 1965 as a turboshaft derivative of the PZL Swidnik Mi−1. The PZL Swidnik Mi−2 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow GTD−350 turboshafts providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 440 km. The PZL Swidnik Mi−2 carries a crew of one and up to ten passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 700 kg of freight in the cabin or 800 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
PZL SWIDNIK W−3
The PZL Swidnik W−3 Sokol is a Polish utility medium helicopter first flown in 1979, entering service in 1985. The PZL Swidnik W−3 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow PZL−10W turboshafts providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 715 km. The PZL Swidnik W−3 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 12 passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 1200 kg of freight in the cabin or 2100 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
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PZL−104 The PZL Warszawa PZL−104 Wilga is a Polish short−range utility STOL light transport aircraft designed as a reliable STOL replacement for the PZL−101 and entered into service in 1969. The PZL−104 Wilga 35 is powered by a PZL AI−14RA radial piston engine providing a top speed of 279 kmh and a range of 510 km. The PZL−104 carries a pilot and up to three passengers of freight in the cabin.
PZL−130
The PZL Warszawa PZL−130 Turbo−Orlik is a Polish two−seater basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training and light attack capabilities developed during the1980's. The PZL−130 is powered by a Motorlet M 601E turboprop providing a top speed of 501 kmh and a range of 970 km. Armaments consist of up to 800 kg of disposable stores carried on six under−wing hard points.
R−27 The R−27 is a Soviet medium range air−to−air missile supplied by the Vympel State Engineering Design Bureau based in Moscow. The R−27 is an all−weather missile operating by day or night and is available in two configurations, the R−27R which has a semi−active radar homing head and inertial navigation control with a radio link, and the R−27T missile which is fitted with an infra−red homing head. The missile can intercept targets with speed up to 3, 500 kmh at altitudes from 0. 02 to 27 km and the maximum vertical separation between the carrier aircraft and the target is 10 kilometres.
R−27R1 The R−27R1 (AA−10A Alamo−A) is a Soviet air−to−air missile with a range from 0.5 to 60 kilometres, with the aircraft flying from 20,000 to 27,000 m altitude and speeds up to 3,500 kmh.
R−27T1 The R−27T1 (AA−10B Alamo−B) is a Soviet air−to−air missile with a range from 0.5 to 60 kilometres, with the aircraft flying from 20,000 to 27,000 m altitude and speeds up to 3,500 kmh.
R−40 The R−40 (AA−6 Acrid) is a Soviet air−to−air missile equipped with infrared and radar homing heads and a range of between 2 and 60 km.
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R−60 The R−60 and R−60M (AA−8 Aphid) are Soviet air−to−air missiles. The missiles weigh 43 kg and have the capability to engage targets manoeuvring at an acceleration up to 12g. The R−60M(the modernised version of the R−60) has a range of target designation angles to +/− 20 degrees and an infrared homing head with photodetector cooling.
R−73
The R−73 (AA−11 Archer) is a Soviet all−aspect short range air−to−air missile. The missile is used for close combat engagement of high manoeuvrability hostile aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles. The missile has cooled infra−red homing. The missile can intercept targets at altitudes between 0. 02 and 20 kilometres, target g−load to 12g, and with target speeds to 2,500 km per hour.
R3140 The R3140 is a French light cabin monoplane aircraft.
RAFALE The Dassault Rafale is a French jet combat aircraft capable of carrying out a wide range of short and long range missions in day and night−time and in all weather conditions, previously carried out by a number of different aircraft. The missions include ground and sea attack, air defence and air superiority, reconnaissance and high accuracy strike or nuclear strike deterrence. The Rafale is produced in three variants, M, B and C. The Rafale M variant is a single seater carrier based version for the navy, B and C are a two seater and a single seater for the French Air Force. The Rafale can carry payloads of over nine tons on 14 hard points for the air force version and 13 for the naval version. The range of weapons includes Mica, Magic, Sidewinder, ASRAAM and AMRAAM air−to−air missiles, Apache, AS30L, ALARM, HARM, Maverick and PGM100 air−to−ground missiles and the Exocet/ AM39, Penguin 3, and Harpoon anti−ship missile. For a strategic mission the Rafale can deliver the Aerospatiale ASMP standoff nuclear missile. The Rafale has a twin gun pod and a GIAT 30 mm DEFA 791B cannon The Rafale is equipped with laser designation pods for laser guidance of air−to−ground missiles. The Rafale is powered by two SNECMA M88−2 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 2 and a maximum range of 1850 km with four drop−tanks.
RAH−66
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The Sikorsky RAH−66 Comanche is an American reconnaissance and attack helicopter. The first flight of the Comanche took place on the 4th of January 1996. The Comanche is designed for armed reconnaissance missions, and can locate and classify threats, recognise and identify targets and digitally transmit the information to the battlefield commander in near real−time, select the optimum force deployment and co−ordinate the attack. The Comanche is equipped with a stowable three−barrel 20 millimetre Gatling gun mounted on a Giat turret under the nose of the helicopter. The Comanche carries its missile weapons internally and has a weapons bay on each side of the fuselage. The missiles are mounted on the weapon bay doors which open sideways. The missiles fire within three seconds of the bay doors opening. Missiles which fit the internal weapon bay include the Sura D 81 mm rocket, Euromissile Hot II, AIM−92 Stinger, Oerlikon Snora 81 mm Rocket, Starstreak, TOW II, Hydra 70 rocket, Matra Bae Dynamics Mistral, the Army Counter Air Weapon System,and the Longbow Hellfire missile. The number of missiles on each door mounting varies according to the size of the missile system, for example each door will hold three Hellfire or six Stinger missiles. The helicopter can be reconfigured with optional stub wings fitted with multiple weapon pylons which carry an additional four Hellfire or eight Stinger missiles.
RALLYE 235 The SOCATA Rallye 235 Guerrier is a French counter−insurgency and general−purpose STOL light warplane with communication capability. The Rallye 235 first flew in 1959 and entered service in 1960. It is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−540−B4B5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 1300 km. The Rallye 235 is manned by a crew of two and can carry two passengers or a litter in the cabin. The Rallye 235 carries no fixed armaments but has provision for 300 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points.
RAVEN See "EF−111A"
RB−45 TORNADO The RB−45 Tornado was an American four−engined reconnaissance aircraft developed during the late 1940's and in service until 1958, seeing service during the Korean War. The RB−45 Tornado was originally developed as a four−engine jet bomber, the B−45 Tornado which saw four years of service in Europe from bases in Great Britain, and was the first four−engined jet bomber to see service in the USAF. The RB−45 Tornado was powered by four General Electric J47−GE−13 turbojets providing a top speed of 917 kmh and a range of 4070 km. Armaments consisted of two machine−guns, the bomb−bay being modified to hold flares and additional fuel tanks. The RB−45 Tornado was manned by a crew of four and fitted with twelve cameras.
RC−135 The Boeing 739 (RC−135) is an American electronic reconnaissance platform warplane that entered service during the 1960's. The RC−135 is powered by four Pratt and Whitney TF33−P−9 turbofans providing a top speed of 901 kmh and a range of 4308 km. The RC−135 carries a flight crew of three or four and a variable number of mission crew members in the cabin.
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RE 8
The Reconnaissance Experimental 8 (RE 8) nicknamed the 'Harry Tate' was the most widely used British two−seater biplane on the Western Front during the Great War. A descendant of the RE7, it was initially developed for reconnaissance work but also saw service as a bomber and ground attack aircraft. It provided a stable platform for photographic missions but suffered from poor manoeuvrability which left it vulnerable to attack by enemy fighters. The RE 8 had a top speed of 103 mph and an endurance of 4.25 hours. It was manned by a crew of two and carried two or three machine−guns and could be loaded with 260 lbs of bombs.
REGGIANE RE.2005 The Reggiane Re.2005 Sagittario was an Italian single−seat fighter/fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The Reggiane Re.2005 was powered by a 1475 hp Fiat RA.1050 RC.58 Tifone 12− cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 630 kmh and a range of 1265 km. Armaments consisted of three forward−firing 20 mm cannons, two forward−firing 12.7 mm machine−guns and up to 630 kg of bombs.
REIMS Reims Aviation is a French aircraft manufacturing company founded in 1956 and producing Cessna aircraft under license. Until 1989 Cessna owned 40% of Reims.
REIMS F 406 The Reims F 406 Caravan II is an American−designed French short−range utility light transport aircraft developed from the Cessna Model 441 and first flown in 1983. The Reims F 406 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−112 turboprops providing a top speed of 455 kmh and a range of 2135 km. The Reims F 406 carries a flight crew of two and up to 12 passengers or 1563 kg of freight in the cabin.
RELIANT See "Stinson AT−19"
REPULOGPEGYAR LEVENTE II
The Repulogpegyar Levente II was a Hungarian parasol−wing two−seat primary trainer aircraft developed in 1940 and deployed as a liaison aircraft during the Second World War. The Repulogpegyar Levente II was powered by a licence−built 105 hp Hirth HM 504A−2 4−cylinder inverted inline piston engine providing a top speed of 180 kmh and a range of 650 km. 193
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RF−5 The RF−5 is an American single−seat tactical reconnaissance aircraft.
RF−84F THUNDERFLASH The RF−84F Thunderflash was an American single−seater reconnaissance aircraft first produced in 1953 and in service from 1954, being a modification of the F−84 fighter aircraft. The RF−84F Thunderflash was powered by a Wright J65−W−7 turbojet providing a top speed of 1092 kmh and a range of 3540 km. Armaments consisted of four machine−guns.
RFB FANTRAINER The RFB Fantrainer is a German two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft that entered service in 1982. The RFB Fantrainer is powered by an Allison 250−C20B turboshaft providing a top speed of 463 kmh and a range of 1186 km, or 4.5 hours flying time.
RH−1100
The Rogerson Hiller RG−1100 Hornet is an American utility light helicopter produced since 1984. The RH−1100 is powered by an Allison 250−C20R turboshaft providing a top speed of 216 kmh and a range of 632 km. The RH−1100 carries a crew of one and up to six passengers or two litters and an attendant or 1500 lbs of freight carried in the cabin.
RHEINMETALL MK 20 The Rheinmetall MK 20 is a German 20 mm calibre, gas−operated cannon developed for ground based surface−to−surface and surface−to−air applications and later adopted for use as an aircraft gun. It has a variable rate of fire of between 800 and 1000 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of between 1050 and 1150 m/s depending upon ammunition, giving an effective range of 2000 meters.
ROBIN HR 100 The Robin HR 100 is a French primary and basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1970. The Robin HR 100/250TR is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−540−C4B5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 2130 km. The Robin HR 100 carries a crew of two and up to three passengers.
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ROBINSON MODEL R22
The Robinson Model R22 is an American two−seater utility light helicopter optimised for use as a primary and basic flying trainer helicopter. The Robinson Model R22 was first flown in 1975, and entered service in 1979. The Robinson Model R22 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−320−B2C flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 190 kmh and a range of 592 km with auxiliary fuel.
ROCKWELL SHRIKE COMMANDER The Rockwell Shrike Commander is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft introduced in 1958. The Rockwell Shrike Commander is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO−540−E1B5 flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 346 kmh and a range of 1735 km. The Rockwell Shrike Commander carries a crew of one or two and up to six or seven passengers or freight in the cabin.
ROCKWELL TURBO COMMANDER The Rockwell Turbo Commander is an American short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1962 and produced until 1979 in a series of improved models. The Rockwell Turbo Commander 681B is powered by two Garrett TPE331−43BL turboprops providing a top speed of 467 kmh and a range of 1710 km. The Rockwell Turbo Commander carries a crew of one or two and up to seven or eight passengers or freight in the cabin.
ROCKWELL U−4 The U−4 (Blue Canoe) was an American military utility aircraft, a variant of the civilian Aero Commander 680 Super series of aircraft introduced in 1955. The U−4 was used primarily for VIP transport duties. The U−4 is powered by two Lycoming GSO 480−AiA6 engines providing a maximum speed of 260 mph and a range of 2400 km.
ROOIVALK
The Denel Aviation Rooivalk is a South African two−seat missile armed attack helicopter, in service since 1999. The Rooivalk carries a comprehensive range of weaponry selected for the mission requirement, ranging from anti−armour and anti−helicopter missions to ground suppression and ferry missions. The aircraft can engage multiple targets at short and long range, utilising the nose−mounted cannon and a range of under−wing−mounted munitions. Target detection, acquisition and tracking are carried out using 195
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft the nose mounted stabilised sight, TDATS. The TDATS sight is equipped with a low level television sensor, Forward Looking Infrared sensor (FLIR), autotracker, laser rangefinder and laser designator. A helmet mounted sight display (HMSD) provides the crew with a head−up display of information for nap−of−the−earth flight (NOE). The HMSD incorporates an integrated measurement system for directing an articulated weapon such as the cannon, or air−to−air missile seeker heads. The Rooivalk is armed with an articulated 20 mm F2 cannon chin mounted on the helicopter and is equipped to fire 70 mm Folding Fin Aerial Rockets (FFAR). Rooivalk can also fire Mokopa, Hellfire and HOT 3 anti−tank missiles and can carry four air−to−air missiles such as the V3C Darter or the Mistral.
RPV RPV (remotely piloted vehicle) are crewless mini−aircraft used for military surveillance and to select targets in battle. RPVs barely show up on radar, enabling them to fly over a battlefield without being shot down, and they are equipped to transmit TV images to an operator on the ground.
RR−77 The RR−77 RVV−AE (AA−12 Adder) is a Soviet air−to−air missile able to intercept targets at speeds up to 3,600 km/h and altitudes from 0.02 to 25 kilometres. The minimum range in the aft hemisphere is 300 metres and the maximum vertical separation between the host aircraft and the target is 10 kilometres. The RR−77 has inertial guidance with midcourse radio updates and terminal active guidance.
RUFE Rufe was the Allied code name for the Japanese Nakajima A6M2−N seaplane.
RYAN FR−1 The Ryan FR−1 Fireball was an American single−seater jet fighter produced from 1944 to 1945 and used by the US Navy as a trainer until 1947. The Ryan FR−1 was powered by a Wright R−1820−72W Cyclone, 9−cylinre, radial piston engine and a General Electric J 31−GE−2 turbojet providing a top speed of 650 kmh and a range of 2606 km. Armaments consisted of four machine−guns.
S−104 The S−104 was a Czechoslovakian built MIG−17 (F type model).
S−105 The S−105 was a Czechoslovakian built MIG−19.
S−5 The S−5 is a Soviet air−to−surface rocket carried by aircraft and helicopters, and fitted with a variety of nine different warheads including hollow−charge for anti−armour roles, high explosive, fragmentation and chaff. The S−5 has a flight speed of 640 m/s and a range of 4000 meters.
SA 365 See "Dauphin 2"
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SA 365F The SA 365F is the naval version of the Dauphin 2 and has a folding rotor, Agrion radar and is armed with four AS 15TT anti−ship missiles.
SA 365M The SA 365M is the military version of the Dauphin 2, and is armed with eight HOT missiles and has accommodation for 13 soldiers.
SAAB Saab are a Swedish aircraft and automobile manufacturer.
SAAB 105 The Saab 105 is a Swedish two−seater trainer and light attack aircraft. It carries up to 700 kg of disposable stores on six hard points, three under each wing. The Saab 105 was conceived as a multi−purpose civil and military aircraft, and first flew in June 1963 and entered production with two Turbomeca Aubisque turbofans for the Swedish air force, which operates the type as the Sk 60A basic trainer with light attack capability, the Sk 60B attack aircraft with a maximum of 700 kg of disposable stores, and the Sk 60C attack and reconnaissance aircraft with a KB−18 camera in the nose. An up−rated version for Austria, the Saab 105O with General Electric J85−GE−17B turbojets and greater weapons carrying ability (2000 kg) is also produced.
SAAB 21
The Saab 21 was a Swedish single−seater fighter aircraft developed in 1941 as a national fighter to replace American and Italian fighter aircraft in the Swedish air force. The Saab 21 entered service after the end of the Second World War and remained in production until 1948. The Saab 21 was powered by a Daimler Benz DB 605B 12−cylinder inverted vee piston engine providing a top speed of 640 kmh and a range of 750 km. Armaments consisted of one 20 mm cannon and two machine−guns.
SAAB 29 The Saab 29 (Tunnan) was a Swedish single−seater fighter aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1948, entering service in 1951. The Saab 29F was powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM2 turbojet providing a top speed of 1060 kmh and a range of 1700 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and up to 500 kg of bombs.
SAAB 32 LANSEN
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The Saab 32 Lansen is a series of Swedish two−seater all−weather attack warplanes that entered service in 1955. The Saab A 32A Lansen is powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM−5A2 turbojet providing a top speed of 1115 km and a range of 3220 km with auxiliary fuel tanks. The Saab A 32A Lansen is armed with four Hispano Mk 5 20 mm cannons in the sides of the nose and up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried in four under−wing hard points. A variant, the Saab J 32B Lansen was developed as a night and all−weather interceptor during 1957 powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM−6A turbojet and armed with four 30 mm m/55 cannons in the lower side of the nose and four Rb 24 (GAR−8 Sidewinder) air−to−air missiles carried under the wings.
SAAB 91 The Saab 91 Safir is a Swedish basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison , armament−training and counter−insurgency capabilities which first entered service in 1947. The Saab 91D is powered by an Avco Lycoming 0−360−A1 A flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 265 kmh and a range of 1060 km. The Saab 91 carries a crew of two and has provision for two passengers, or one litter or freight. When fitted armaments consist of two 7.92 mm machine−guns in the wings and light bombs or eight unguided rockets carried under the wings.
SAAB J 35
The Saab J 35 Draken is a Swedish single−seater all−weather fighter and attack aircraft. It is armed with one 30 mm Aden M/55 cannon in the starboard wing and up to 4500 kg of disposable stores carried on nine hard points, three under the fuselage and three under each wing. For its time the Draken was a remarkably advanced aircraft. Designed from 1949 and tailored to the particular requirements of the Swedish air force, the J 35 first flew in October 1955 and was Western Europe's first operational supersonic fighter.
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SAAB JA 37 The Saab JA 37 Viggen is a Swedish single−seater all weather interceptor with secondary attack capability first flown in 1967. The Saab JA 37 Viggen is powered by a Volvo Flygmotor RM−8B turbofan providing a top speed of Mach 2 and a maximum range of 1000 km depending upon load. It is armed with a 30 mm Oerlikon KCA cannon in a ventral pack offset to port but attached to the centreline hard point, and up to 6000 kg of disposable stores carried on seven hard points, three under the fuselage and two under each wing.
SAAB MFI−15
The Saab MFI−15 Safari is a Swedish primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison capabilities that first entered service in 1972. The Saab MFI−15A is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A1B6 flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 365 kmh and a flying time of 5 hours 10 minutes. The Saab MFI−15 carries a crew of pupil and instructor or pilot and two passengers or a pilot and litter or a pilot and 300 kg of freight carried under the wings.
SAAB MFI−17 The Saab MFI−17 Supporter is a Swedish counter−insurgency aircraft with forward air−control and liaison capabilities. The Saab MFI−17 was first flown in 1972, with production stopping in the late 1970's, only to be taken up by the Pakistani air force. The Saab MFI−17 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−A1B6 flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 365 kmh and a range of five hours flying time. The Saab MFI−17 is manned by a single pilot and can carry two passengers in the cabin and up to 300 kg of disposable stores on six under−wing hard points.
SAIUN See "Nakajima C6N"
SAN JODEL D140
The SAN Jodel D140 Mousqetaire is a French short−range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability first flown in 1958 as a low−wing cantilever monoplane of fabric−covered wooden construction. Various models were produced for the French air force including the D140E Mousqetaire IV used for basic training and glider towing and the D140R Abeille, a specialised glider−tug variant. The SAN Jodel D140 is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−360−A2A flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 255 kmh and a range of 1400 km. The SAN Jodel D140 carries a pilot and up to three passengers.
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SAUNDERS ROE SRA/1 The Saunders Roe SRA/1 was a British single−seater fighter sea plane developed during the 1940's but never produced. The Saunders Roe SRA/1 was the first jet powered sea plane to fly, and was powered by two Metropolitan−Vickers F2/4 Beryl turbojets providing a top speed of 824 kmh. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons. A single plane was manufactured and flown in 1947, but the project was scrapped despite the excellent speed and handling of the prototype.
SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 79 The Savoia−Marchetti SM 79 Sparviero was an Italian medium bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The Savoia−Marchetti SM 79 was initially designed as a civil transport plane with accommodation for eight passengers during the 1930s, but was adapted for military use as a bomber/reconnaissance aircraft. The Savoia−Marchetti SM 79 was powered by three 780 hp Alfa Romeo 126 RC.34 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 430 kmh and a range of 1900 km. Armaments consisted of three 12.7 mm machine−guns, one 7.7 mm machine−gun and a bomb load of up to 1250 kg carried internally. The Savoia−Marchetti SM 79 was used by the Italian Air Force and also the armed services of Brazil, Croatia, Germany, Iraq, Romania, Spain and Yugoslavia.
SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 81
The Savoia−Marchetti SM 81 Pipistrello was an Italian bomber/transport aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Savoia−Marchetti SM 73 passenger airliner of the mid−1930s. The Savoia−Marchetti SM 81 was powered by three 700 hp Piaggio P.X RC.35 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 340 kmh and a range of 2000 km. Armaments consisted of usually five 7.7 mm machine−guns and internally carried bomb load of up to 1000 kg.
SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 82 The Savoia−Marchetti SM 82 Canguru was an Italian heavy bomber/transport aircraft of the Second World War first flown in 1939 and developed from the Savoia−Marchetti SM 75 civil transport aircraft with the fuselage lengthened and deeper. When used as a transport aircraft, the Savoia− Marchetti SM 82 featured folding seats for forty passengers, though many more were often carried in an emergency. The Savoia−Marchetti SM 82 was powered by three 950 hp Alfa Romeo 128 RC.21 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 370 kmh and a range of 3000 km. Armaments consisted of one 12.7 mm machine−gun, four 7.7 mm machine−guns and up to 4000 kg of bombs.
SAVOIA−MARCHETTI SM 85 The Savoia−Marchetti SM 85 was an Italian single−seater dive−bomber and attack warplane of the Second World War in service from 1939 to 1940. The SM 85 was powered by two Piaggio P VII RC 35 radial piston engines giving a top speed of 365 kmh. Fixed armaments consisted of either one 0.5 inch calibre Breda−SAFAT or two 0.303 inch calibre Breda−SAFAT machine−guns mounted in the leading edges of the wings. Up to 500 kg of disposable stores were carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay, and generally comprised a single 250 kg or 500 kg bomb.
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SBD−1 See "Douglas A−24"
SCHWEIZER MODEL 300
The Schweizer Model 300 is an American three−seater utility light helicopter optimised for training. The Schweizer Model 300 is powered by a Textron Lycoming HIO−360−A1 A flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 169 kmh and a range of 483 km.
SCHWEIZER MODEL 330 The Schweizer Model 330 is an American four−seater utility light helicopter. The Schweizer Model 330 is powered by an Allison 250−C20W turboshaft providing a top speed of 200 kmh and a range of 498 km.
SCHWEIZER TG−2 The Schweizer TG−2 was an American glider used as a basic trainer for glider pilots during the Second World War. The TG−2 carried a crew of two and a maximum passenger payload of 450 lbs.
SD−2 FRAGMENTATION BOMB The SD−2 fragmentation bomb (Butterfly bomb) was a German aircraft dropped anti−personnel bomb of the Second World War. It consisted of a cylinder about 7 cm in diameter attached to which by a short length of stout wire were a pair of curved 'wings' which opened while the bomb descended, arming the weapon. The bombs could be set to explode on impact, after a delay or when disturbed and a bomber could carry over 300.
SE5
The SE5 was a British single−seater fighter aircraft used during the Great War from 1917. It had a top speed of 120 mph and was armed with a single Lewis machine−gun on top of the upper wing.
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SEA EAGLE The Sea Eagle is a British air−to−surface fire−and−forget sea−skimming missile with active radar homing, that was designed from 1976 and entered service in 1986. The Sea Eagle has a range of 130 km and a speed of about Mach 1 or 0.3 km per second. The Sea Eagle carries a 500 lb impact delay−fused penetrating blast/fragmentation warhead.
SEA HARRIER See "Harrier FA2"
SEA KING
The Westland Sea King is a British naval helicopter. Development started in the late 1950s under licence of the S−61 helicopter from Sikorsky. Westland initially developed the S−61 as an antisubmarine warfare helicopter (or HAS, Helicopter Anti−Submarine) for the UK Royal Navy. Sea King is also operational as a search and rescue (SAR) helicopter and as an airborne early warning (AEW) helicopter. The helicopter can carry four torpedoes: either Alliant Techsystems Mark 46, the A244S from Whitehead SpA or the Sting Ray torpedo from Marconi Electronic Systems. The helicopter can also be armed with four Mark 11 depth charges. The helicopter can carry two anti−ship missiles, either Sea Eagle or AM39 Exocet. Sea Eagle is carried by British and Indian Navy Sea Kings. The AM39 Exocet anti−ship missile by Aerospatiale is carried by the Pakistan Navy Sea Kings.
SEACOBRA See "AH−1"
SEASPRITE The Super Seasprite is an American multi−purpose helicopter. The Super Seasprite SH−2G is equipped with advanced propulsion, dynamics, weapons, sensors, and systems for anti−submarine warfare (ASW), anti−surface warfare (ASuW), Over the Horizon Targeting Airborne Mine Countermeasures (AMCM), Surveillance, Search and Rescue (SAR), utility operation, troop insertion and covert operations. The SH−2G can be armed with Raytheon AGM−65 Maverick infrared imaging or TV−guided, Penguin infrared imaging, radar−guided Improved Sea Skua, and laser−designated Hellfire missiles. It has a maximum speed of 256 kmh and can carry the MK46 and MK50 torpedoes for antisubmarine work.
SENTINEL I See "Stinson L−5"
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SENTINEL II See "Stinson L−5B"
SENTRY See "E−3 Sentry"
SEPECAT JAGUAR
The SEPECAT Jaguar is a joint British and French single−seat tactical strike fighter aircraft. The SEPECAT Jaguar is powered by two Rolls Royce/Turbomeca Adour RT.172 Mk 804 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 1.6 and a range of 1400 km typically. It is armed with two 30 mm Aden Mk 4 cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 10500 lbs of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and two under each wing.
SH−5 The Harbin SH−5 is a Chinese all−metal construction maritime reconnaissance flying boat with anti−submarine, anti−ship, SAR and transport capabilities that entered service in 1986. The SH−5 is powered by four Dongan Wojiang−5A1 turboprops providing a top speed of 555 kmh and a range of 4750 km or an endurance of 12 hours, 15 hours flying on two engines only. The SH−5 carries a flight crew of five and a mission crew or passengers or 10000 kg of freight in the cabin. Armaments consist of two 23 mm Type 23−1 cannons in a dorsal turret and up to 6000 kg of disposable stores carried in a rear−fuselage weapon bay and on four under−wing hard points.
SH−6−30 The Sh−6−30 is a Soviet aircraft mounted gun firing HEFI rounds and AO−18 cartridges. The maximum fire rate is 5,000 rounds per minute and the muzzle velocity is 850 meters per second.
SHAANXI Y−8
The Shaanxi Y−8 is a Soviet−designed Chinese medium−range medium transport aircraft developed from the AN−12 from 1969, the first prototype flying in 1974. The Shaanxi Y−8C is powered by four Zhuzhou Wojiang−6 turboprops providing a top speed of 662 kmh and a range of 1275 km typically. The Shaanxi Y−8 carries a flight crew of five and up to 14 passengers in the pressurised forward section and up to 96 troops, or 58 paratroops or 60 litters and 220 seated casualties and three attendants or 20000 kg of freight in the hold.
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SHACKLETON
The Avro Type 696 Shackleton was a British reconnaissance and airborne early warning platform aircraft in service from 1951 to 1992. The Avro Type 696 Shackleton was powered by four Rolls−Royce Griffon Mk 57A Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 439 kmh and a range of 4910 km or an endurance of 14 hours. The Avro Type 696 Shackleton was unarmed and manned by a crew of four and a mission crew of six all carried in the cabin. Variations were produced including armed versions which carried depth charges or 10000 lbs of bombs and had two 20 mm cannons and machine−guns mounted in the nose, a dorsal turret and in the tail.
SHENYANG J−2 The Shenyang J−2 (Fagot) is a Chinese single−seater fighter and ground−attack warplane based on the Soviet Mig−15 that first entered service around 1957. The Shenyang J−2 is powered by a Limming (LM) Wopen−5 turbojet providing a top speed of 1076 kmh and a range of 1330 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of one 37 mm Type 37−1 cannon and two 23 mm Type 23−1 cannons mounted in the nose and up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points, typically 250 kg or 100 kg bombs or multiple launchers for 55 mm unguided rockets.
SHENYANG J−5 The Shenyang J−5 (Fresco) is a Chinese single−seater fighter and ground−attack warplane based on the Soviet Mig−17 that first entered service in the early 1950's. The Shenyang J−5 is powered by a Limming (LM) Wopen−5 turbojet providing a top speed of 1071 kmh and a range of 700 km typically, depending upon load. Armaments consist of one 37 mm Type 37−1 cannon and two 23 mm Type 23−1 cannons mounted in the lower nose and up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points, typically 250 kg or 100 kg bombs or multiple launchers for 55 mm unguided rockets.
SHENYANG J−6 The Shenyang J−5 (Farmer) is a Chinese single−seater fighter, ground−attack and reconnaissance warplane based on the Soviet Mig−19 that first entered service in 1962. The Shenyang J−6 is powered by two Limming (LM) Wopen−6 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.59 and a range of 685 km typically, depending upon load. Armaments consist of three 30 mm Type 30−1 cannons mounted in the starboard lower nose and in the wing roots up to 500 kg of disposable stores carried on two or four under−wing hard points.
SHENYANG J−8 The Shenyang J−8 (Finback) is a Chinese single−seater air−superiority fighter with secondary attack capability based upon a development of the Soviet Mig−21, that first entered service in about 1981. The Shenyang J−8 is powered by two Liyang Wopen−13A II turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a maximum range of 800 km typically. Armaments consist of one Type 23−3 two−barrelled 23 mm cannon in a ventral installation and disposable stores carried on seven hard points , one under the fuselage and six under the wings.
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SHERIFF The sheriff is a British light cabin monoplane and trainer aircraft. It was developed during the early 1980s.
SHIN MEIWA PS−1 The Shin Meiwa PS−1 is a Japanese 10−seater anti−submarine flying−boat. It carries up to 2000 kg of disposable stores in a fuselage weapons bay and on four hard points, two under the wings and two at the wingtips. The PS−1 uses a dedicated General Electric T58 turboshaft (in addition to the four wing−mounted turboprops) to provide air for the boundary−layer control system that provides remarkable STOL performance and a patrol speed comparable with that of the boat's prey, namely nuclear−powered submarines. The PS−1 first flew in October 1967 and one of its advantages is the ability to land and use its dunking sonar even in rough seas. The Shin Meiwa SS−2 variant is an amphibian search−and−rescue flying boat.
SHIN MEIWA SS−2
The Shin Meiwa SS−2 (US−1) is a Japanese short/medium−range STOL search−and−rescue flying boat that entered service in 1975 as a development of the Shin Meiwa SS−2 anti−submarine flying boat. The Shin Meiwa SS−2 is powered by four Ishikawajima−Harrima T64−IHI−10J turboprops providing a top speed of 522 kmh and a range of 2817 km. The Shin Meiwa SS−2 carries a flight crew of four, plus two observers and two passengers or 12 litters in the hold.
SHORT S17 The Short S17 Kent was a British civil biplane flying−boat first flown in 1931 and used by Imperial Airways during the 1930's for carrying passengers and mail around the Mediterranean region. The Short S17 was powered by four Bristol Jupiter XFBM air−cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 137 mph and a range of 450 miles. The Short S17 carried a crew of three and 16 passengers and 5000 lbs of mail.
SHORT SCYLLA
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Short L17 Scylla was an air−liner of the 1930's used by the Continental services of Imperial Airways. She carried a crew of five, and had accommodation for thirty−nine passengers in three spacious saloons. The Scylla was equipped with a fully fitted kitchen and pantry, from which full−course meals or light refreshments were served in the air. Four 555 hp Bristol Jupiter engines provided a top speed of 105 mph.
SHORTS 312 The Shorts 312 is a British two−seater basic flying trainer aircraft based on the Brazilian EMBRAER EMB−312 Tucano aircraft. The Shorts 312 entered service with the RAF in 1988 and is powered by a Garrett TPE331−12B turboprop providing a top speed of 611 kmh and a range of 1767 km or 5 hours 12 minutes flying time.
SHORTS 330 The Shorts 330 Sherpa (C−23) is a British regional airliner and commercial freighter aircraft also used as a military short−range logistic and utility light transport. The Shorts 330 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A−45 turboprops providing a top speed of 352 kmh and a range of 362 km fully laden. The Shorts 330 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 30 passengers, 30 troops, or 27 paratroops, or 15 litters plus attendants or 7100 lbs of freight in the hold.
SHORTS 360 The Shorts 360 is a British regional airliner capable of carrying 35 passengers. Two Pratt And Whitney PT6A−67R engines provide a cruising speed of 250 mph and a range of 1020 km.
SHORTS BELFAST
The Shorts Belfast was a British long−range heavy logistic transport in military service from 1966 to the late 1970's when they were sold to the civilian market. The Shorts Belfast was powered by four Rolls−Royce Tyne Rty.12 turboprops providing a top speed of 566 kmh and a range of 1621 km fully laden. The Shorts Belfast carried a flight crew of five and up to 250 troops or 80000 lbs of freight in the hold.
SHORTS SKYVAN
The Shorts Skyvan is a series of British civilian utility transport and military short−range STOL tactical and utility light transport aircraft first produced in 1963. The Shorts Skyvan Series 3M is powered by two Garrett TPE331−2−201A turboprops providing a top speed of 402 kmh and a range of 386 km fully laden. The Shorts Skyvan carries a crew of two and up to 22 passengers, or 22 troops, or 16 paratroops or 12 litters plus two attendants or 5200 lbs of freight in the hold. 206
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SIAI−MARCHETTI S208 The SIAI−Marchetti S208 is an Italian basic flying trainer aircraft with glider towing and liaison capabilities. The SIAI−Marchetti S208 entered military service in 1968 and is powered by a Textron Lycoming O−540−E4A5 flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 1200 km. The SIAI−Marchetti S208 carries a crew of two and up to four passengers or freight in the cabin.
SIAI−MARCHETTI S211 The SIAI−Marchetti S211 is an Italian two−seater trainer and light attack/counter−insurgency aircraft. The SIAI−Marchetti S211 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney JT15D−4C turbofan providing a top speed of 740 kmh and a range of 550 km depending upon load. It carries up to 660 kg of disposable stores on four hard points, two under each wing. The S211 was designed to fill a niche at the bottom end of the jet−powered basic trainer market, and first flew in April 1981, entering military service in 1984.
SIAI−MARCHETTI SF260 The SIAI−Marchetti SF260 Warrior is an Italian two−seater trainer and counter−insurgency aircraft first flown in 1964, entering military service in 1972. The SIAI−Marchetti SF260 is powered by an Allison 250−B17D turboprop providing a top speed of 437 kmh and a range of 949 km. Up to 300 kg of disposable stores can be carried on four hard points, two under each wing.
SIAI−MARCHETTI SF600
The SIAI−Marchetti SF600 Canguro is an Italian short−range utility light transport aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1978. The SIAI−Marchetti SF600 is powered by two Allison 250−B17C/F turboprops providing a top speed of 306 kmh and a range of 600 km fully laden. The SIAI−Marchetti SF600 carries a crew of one or two and up to nine passengers or 12 paratroops or four litters plus two attendants or freight in the cabin.
SIAI−MARCHETTI SM1019
The SIAI−Marchetti SM1019 is an Italian two−seater air observation reconnaissance aircraft with light attack capabilities first flown in 1969, entering service in 1976. The SIAI−Marchetti SM1019 is powered by an Allison 250−B17B turboprop providing a top speed of 313 kmh and a range of 1130 km. Generally the SIAI−Marchetti SM1019 is unarmed, but disposable stores can be carried on two under−wing hard points,
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SIAT 223 The SIAT 223 Flamingo is a German basic flying trainer aircraft with liaison capabilities first flown as a prototype in 1967 and entering military service in the early 1970's. The SIAT 223A1 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−C1B flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 245 kmh and a range of 880 km. The SIAT 223 carries a crew of two and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
SIEBEL SI 204
The Siebel Si 204 was a German light transport/crew trainer aircraft of the Second World War. The Siebel Si 204 was powered by two Argus As 411 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engines providing a top speed of 364 kmh and a range of 1800 km.
SIKORSKY The Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, is an American company involved in the design and manufacture of advanced helicopters for commercial, industrial and military uses.
SIKORSKY BOLSHOI The Sikorsky Bolshoi was the first four engined aircraft. It could carry eight passengers. Its first flight was in 1913.
SIKORSKY R−4 The Sikorsky R−4 was the world's first production helicopter. It entered service in 1942.
SIKORSKY R−4B The Sikorsky R−4B (Hoverfly I) was an American built two−seat training helicopter of the Second World War. The British version was known as the Hoverfly I and the U.S. Navy version the HNS−1.
SIKORSKY R−6A The Sikorsky R−6A (Hoverfly II) was an American built two−seat observation helicopter used during the Second World War. It had a maximum speed of 160 kmh and carried fuel for five hours of flying time. The U.S. Navy designation was HOS−1, the British name Hoverfly II.
SIKORSKY S−55
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The Sikorsky S−55 (UH−19 Chicasaw) is an American utility medium helicopter in service since 1951. The Sikorsky S−55 is powered by a Wright R−1300−3 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 180 kmh and a range of 578 km. The Sikorsky S−55 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to ten troops or eight litters or 5000 lbs of freight carried in the hold or as a slung load.
SIKORSKY S−56 The Sikorsky S−56 (H−37 Mojave) was an American utility heavy−lift helicopter in service from 1956 to the early 1970's. The Sikorsky S−56 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney R−2800−54 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 209 kmh and a range of 233 km. The Sikorsky S−56 carried a flight crew of three and up to 36 troops or 24 litters or 10000 lbs of freight in the hold or as a slung load.
SIKORSKY S−58 The Sikorsky S−58 (CH−34 Chocataw) is an American utility medium helicopter first flown in prototype form in 1954 and in service since 1955. The Sikorsky S−58 is powered by a Wright R−1820−84B/D radial piston engine providing a top speed of 196 kmh and a range of 397 km. The Sikorsky S−58 carries a flight crew of two and up to 18 passengers or eight litters or freight carried in the hold or as a slung load.
SIKORSKY S−64 The Sikorsky S−64 (CH−54 Tarhe) is an American utility flying crane helicopter produced in response to a West German requirement put forward in 1958, entering service in 1964. The Sikorsky S−64 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney T73−P−1 turboshafts providing a top speed of 203 kmh and a range of 370 km. The Sikorsky S−64 carries a crew of two and an external load up to 20000 lbs.
SIKORSKY S−65 The Sikorsky S−65 (CH−53 Sea Stallion, HH−53 Super Jolly) is an American utility heavy helicopter. The Sikorsky S−65 is produced in various models, the HH−53C is a search−and−rescue model used for lifting special forces and is powered by two General Electric T64−GE−7 turboshafts providing a top speed of 315 kmh and a range of 868 km. The Sikorsky S−65 HH−53 model carries a crew of three and two gunners plus passengers or up to 8000 lbs of freight in the hold or 20000 lbs of freight carried as a slung−load. Armaments vary but include two or three General Electric M93 packages each carrying one 7.62 mm General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun rotary six−barrel machine−gun on a trainable mounting installed on the front of the hold at the starboard side door and port side window and at the rear of the hold.
SIKORSKY S−70 The Sikorsky S−70 (SH−60 Blackhawk and Seahawk)is an American three−seater tactical transport, and ship−borne anti−submarine, anti−ship surveillance and targeting light helicopter in service since 1983. The S−70B is powered by two General Electric T700−GE−401 turboshafts providing a top speed of 234 kmh and a range of 278 km. The S−70B can carry up to 2000 lbs of disposable stores on two hard points on the lower fuselage sides.
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SIKORSKY S−76
The Sikorsky S−76 Eagle is an American utility light helicopter in service since 1979. The Sikorsky S−76 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6B−36 turboshafts providing a top speed of 287 kmh and a range of 578 km. The Sikorsky S−76 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to ten passengers or three litters plus two attendants or 5100 lbs of freight in the hold or 3300 lbs of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is provided for mounting one or two 7.62 mm machine−guns on pintles in the cabin doors and four hard points are provided which can carry anti−tank missiles or other disposable stores.
SIKORSKY S−80 The Sikorsky S−80 (CH−53E Super Stallion) is an American assault and transport heavy helicopter derived from the Sikorsky S−65 with a greater payload capability, in service since 1981. The Sikorsky S−80 is powered by three General Electric T64−GE−416 turboshafts providing a top speed of 315 kmh and a range of 925 km. The Sikorsky S−80 carries a flight crew of three and up to 55 passengers or 24 litters plus four attendants or 30000 lbs of freight in the hold or 36000 lbs of freight carried as a slung load.
SK 35C The Sk 35C Draken is a Swedish tandem−seat operation conversion and proficiency trainer based on the Saab J 35 initial−production fighter with the RM6B afterburning turbojet.
SK 60A The Sk 60A is a Swedish air force basic trainer with light attack capability variant of the Saab 105.
SK 60B The Sk 60B is a Swedish air force attack variant of the Saab 105
SK 60C The Sk 60C is a Swedish attack and reconnaissance variant of the Saab 105 with a KB−18 camera in the nose.
SOCATA Socata is a French aircraft manufacturer.
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SOKO G−2
The Soko G−2 Galeb is a Yugoslavian two−seater basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capability that entered service in 1964. The Soko G−2 is powered by a DMB Viper ASV.11 Mk 22−6 turbojet providing a top speed of 812 kmh and a range of 1242 km. Armaments consist of two .5 inch Colt−Browning M3 machine−guns in the nose and up to 300 kg of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points.
SOKO G−4 The Soko G−4 Super Galeb is a Yugoslavian two−seater basic/advanced flying and armament trainer and light attack aircraft. The Soko G−4 is powered by a DMB Viper Mk 632−46 turbojet providing a top speed of 921 kmh and a range of 1900 km. It carries provision for one 23 mm GSh−23L twin−barrel cannon in a GP−9 belly pack and up to 1200 kg of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing.
SOKO J−1
The Soko J−1 Jastreb is a Yugoslavian single−seater light attack aircraft derived from the Soko G−2 Galeb. The Soko J−1 Jastreb entered service in the 1960's with production ending in 1979. The Soko J−1 Jastreb is powered by a DMB Viper Mk 531 turbojet providing a top speed of 820 kmh and a range of 1520 km with tip tanks. It is armed with three 0. 5 inch Browning M3 machine−guns in the nose and up to 800 kg of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, four under each wing.
SOKO J−20 The Soko J−20 Kraguj was a Yugoslavian single−seater counter−insurgency aircraft first flown in 1966, entering service in the late 1960's and was withdrawn from service in the mid−1980's. The Soko J−20 Kraguj was powered by a Textron Lycoming GSO−480−B1 A6 flat six piston engine providing a top speed of 295 km and a range of 800 km. The Soko J−20 Kraguj was armed with two 7.62 mm machine−guns in the wings and up to 400 kg of disposable stores carried on six under−wing hard points.
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SOPWITH CAMEL The Sopwith Camel was a single seater fighter scout biplane. It first flew in Dec
SOPWITH PUP
The Sopwith Pup was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War, in August 1917 a Sopwith Pup was the first aircraft to land aboard a moving ship, the Royal Navy's HMS Furious. The Sopwith Pup had a top speed of 103 mph and an endurance of three hours. It was armed with a single synchronous machine−gun.
SOPWITH TRIPLANE The Sopwith Triplane (Tripe) was a British single−seater fighter aircraft of the Great War. It had a top speed of 117 mph and was armed with a single synchronous machine−gun. The Triplane's stack of three wings reduced wingspan and increased wing area making it handle and climb better than the biplanes and visibility from the cockpit was outstanding.
SPACESHIP ONE Scaled Composites Spaceship One is an American aircraft which was the first privately owned manned vehicle to reach space, entering space (an altitude of 100 km) before returning to earth on June the 21st 2004. The craft was carried up on the back of another aircraft, 'White Knight', in a similar manner to the way the Space Shuttle is launched. Development of Spaceship one started in 2001, the initial concept being realised in 1996.
SPAD VII The Spad VII was a single seater fighter aircraft used during the Great War.
SPECTRE See "AC−130H"
SPIRIT See "B−2"
SPITFIRE
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The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft The Vickers−Armstrong spitfire was a British fighter aircraft of the Second World War. The MK I was armed with 4 machine−guns in each wing. The MK II and MK V were armed with 2 20 mm cannons and 4 machine−guns. It had a top speed of about 400 mph.
SR−71 The SR−71 (Blackbird) is an American two−seater strategic reconnaissance aircraft built by Lockheed Martin. It entered service in 1963, and was withdrawn during the 1990's, and is powered by two Pratt and Whitney JT11D−20B bleed turbojets giving a top speed of Mach 3.5.
STACKING In air traffic control, stacking is the arrangement of aircraft traffic in busy flight lanes, especially while waiting to land at an airport. The aircraft are arranged with a minimum vertical separation for safety of 1000 feet below 29000 feet and 2000 feet above 29000 feet.
STARLIFTER See "Lockheed C−141"
STEARMAN PT−13 The Stearman PT−13 (Kaydet) was an American trainer aircraft used during the Second World War. From 1940 to 1945, almost every Army and Navy Student pilot earned his wings in a 'Kaydet', or more commonly referred to as the 'Stearman'. Production of the PT−13 began in October of 1934. In February of 1945, when production had ended, 10,346 models of all variants (PT−13; PT−17, US Navy N2S and Canadian PT−27) and subtypes had been constructed. They were also exported to China and Peru during the war. A Lycoming R−680 engine provided a top speed of 200 kmh and a range of 720 km.
STINSON AT−19
The Stinson AT−19 (Reliant) was an American built three−seat navigation trainer aircraft employed by the British navy during the Second World War. It was adapted from the Stinson SR−10 four/five seat commercial monoplane and had a maximum speed of 226 kmh.
STINSON L−5 The Stinson L−5 (Sentinel I) was an American two−seat short range liaison and observation monoplane of the Second World War. The British version was called the Sentinel I, the USAAF version the L−5 and the U.S. Navy version the OY−1.
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STINSON L−5B
The Stinson L−5B (Sentinel II) was an American two−seat short range observation or ambulance monoplane of the Second World War. The British version was called the Sentinel II, the USAAF version the L−5B. The L−5B was adapted from the Stinson L−5 to carry a single stretcher or cargo load up to 200 lbs. It had a top speed of 206 kmh.
STIRLING The Short Stirling was a British bomber aircraft of the Second World War. It was powered by four Bristol Hercules or four Wright Cyclone engines giving it a top speed of 330 mph and great agility. It could carry a bomb load equivalent to that of nine Blenheims or three Wellingtons and was protected by power operated machine−gun turrets in the nose and tail. The Stirling carried a crew of seven.
STORCH See "Fieseler Fi 156"
STUKA See "Junkers JU87"
SU−11
The Sukhoi Su−11 (Fishpot) was a Soviet single−seater all−weather interceptor aircraft in service from 1959 until the mid 1980's. The Sukhoi Su−11 was powered by a NPO Saturn AL−7F−1 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.8 and a maximum range of typically about 500 km depending upon load. Armaments consisted of up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points, and generally comprised two AA−3 'Anab' medium range air−to−air missiles.
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SU−15 The Sukhoi Su−15 (Flagon) was a Soviet single−seater all−weather interceptor aircraft in service from 1966 until the 1990's. The Sukhoi Su−15 was powered by two MNPK 'Soyuz' R−25−300 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.5 and a maximum range of typically about 750 km depending upon load. Armaments consisted of up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points, two under the fuselage and four under the wings, and generally comprised four air−to−air missiles and two pods each fitted with one GSh−23L two−barrel 23 mm cannon.
SU−17
The Sukhoi Su−17 (Fitter) is a Soviet single−seater variable−geometry ground−attack and counter air aircraft developed from the Su−7 and first flown in 1966, entering service in 1972. The Sukhoi SU−17M (Fitter−C) is powered by an NPO Saturn AL−21F−3 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 2.09 and a range of 445 km typically. It is armed with two 30 mm 2NR−30 cannons in the wing roots and up to 4500 kg of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, two tandem pairs under the fuselage, one under each wing glove and one under the fence at each wing pivot point (in practice only 1000 kg of stores are carried).
SU−19 The Sukhoi Su−19 (Fencer) is a Soviet two−seat multi−role combat aircraft. It has a top speed of Mach 2.5. It is armed with a 23mm gsh−23 twin−barrel cannon and can carry air−to−ground or air−to−air missiles.
SU−2 The Sukhoi Su−2 was a Soviet two−seater light attack bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1941 to 1945. The Su−2 was designed in competition with the Ilyushin Il−2 as a means of providing Soviet ground forces with close air support. The Su−2 was powered by a Tumanskii M−88B radial piston engine giving a top speed of 460 kmh and a range of 1200 km. The Su−2 was armed with between four and eight 7.62 mm calibre ShKAS fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings and one 7.62 mm calibre ShKAS trainable rearward−firing machine−gun mounted in a dorsal turret. In addition, up to 900 kg of disposable stores were carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay rated at 800 kg and on two under−wing hard points each rated at 250 kg and generally comprised four 100 kg FAB−20 or FAB−15 bombs or 30 8 kg FAB−8 bombs carried in the weapons bay and two 250 kg FAB−250 bombs or 14 bomblet containers or 10 82 mm RS−82 air−to−surface rockets or eight 132 mm RS−132 air−to−surface rockets carried under the wings.
SU−20 The Sukhoi Su−20 is a Soviet single−seat attack and close−support aircraft. It has a top speed of Mach 2.7. It is armed with two 30 mm NR−30 cannons one in each wing root and often carries AS−7 air−to−surface missiles.
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SU−21
The Sukhoi Su−21 (Flagon) is a Soviet single−seater all−weather interceptor armed with up to 1500 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points, two under the fuselage and two under each wing.
SU−24 The Sukhoi Su−24 (Fencer) is a Soviet variable−geometry deep−penetration interdictor and strike aircraft, first flown in 1970 entering service in 1974. The Sukhoi Su−24 is powered by two NPO Saturn AL−21F−3A turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 2.18 and a range of 950 km typically. It is armed with a 30 mm six−barrel cannon in the port under−fuselage fairing and up to 11000 kg of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, four under the fuselage as one tandem pair and two lateral units, one under each wing glove and one under each swivelling outer−wing panel.
SU−25
The Sukhoi Su−25 (Frogfoot) is a Soviet single−seat close air support aircraft that was developed during the 1970's and entered service in 1982. The Sukhoi Su−25 is powered by two MNPK 'Soyuz' R−195 turbojets providing a top speed of 975 kmh and a range of 480 km depending upon payload. It is armed with a six−barrel 23 mm rotary cannon (later models carried a 30 mm cannon) and up to 4400 kg of disposable stores carried on ten under−wing hard points.
SU−27 The Sukhoi Su−27 (Flanker) is a Soviet front line fighter aircraft equipped to operate autonomously in combat over hostile territory, in escort of deep penetration strike aircraft and in the suppression of enemy airfields. The aircraft provides general air defence in cooperation with ground and airborne control stations. The Su−27 is equipped with a GSh−301 30 mm gun on the starboard side and a range of missiles, rockets and bombs mounted externally on ten hard points. The Su−27 carries a range of air−to−air missiles including the R−27R1 (AA−10) R−27T1 and R−73E. For air−to−ground missions the Su−27 carries free fall and retarded aerial bombs of 100, 250, and 500 kg, 500 kg incendiary devices 25 and 500 kg RBK cluster bombs and the unguided aerial missiles C−8, C−13 and C−25. The Su−27SK is powered by two AL−31F turbofan engines providing a top speed of Mach 2.35 and a maximum range of 1500 km.
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SU−34
The Sukhoi Su−34 (Flanker) is a two−seat Soviet fighter bomber derivative of the Su−27 fighter aircraft. The aircraft design retains the basic layout and construction of the Su−27 airframe with a conventional high−wing configuration, and a substantial part of the on board equipment. The Su−34 is armed with a GSh−301 30 mm gun and has ten hard points for weapon payloads and is able to carry a range of missiles including air−to−air, air−to−surface, anti−ship and anti−radiation missiles, guided and unguided bombs, and rockets. The Su−34 is powered by two after−burning AL−31F or AL−35 turbofan engines mounted under the wing providing a top speed of 1,900 kmh at altitude and 1,300 kmh (Mach 1) at sea level.
SU−37 The Sukhoi Su−37 (Flanker) is a Soviet multi−role, all−weather fighter aircraft based on the earlier Su−27. The Su−37 can carry up to 14 R−73E or RR−77 air−to−air missiles and up to 8000 kg of ordnance. The 12 external hard points can carry air−to−air missiles, air−to−surface missiles, bombs, rockets and an ECM (electronic countermeasures) pod. The Su−37 can also be fitted with air−to−surface missiles such as the Kh−25 and Kh−29. And is fitted with a GSh−301 30 mm gun. The Su−37 is powered by two AL−31FU TVC (thrust vector control) turbofan engines each engine providing 83.36 kN thrust and 142 kN with the afterburner.
SU−7
The Sukhoi SU−7 (Fitter) is a Soviet single−seat ground attack aircraft that entered service in 1959. The Sukhoi SU−7BMK is powered by an NPO Saturn AL−7F−1 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.6 and a range of 1450 km typically. It is armed with two 30 mm 2NR−30 cannons in the wing roots and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on six hard points, two under the fuselage and two under each wing, the under fuselage hard points usually being used for two drop tanks and the under wing hard points for weapons.
SU−9 The Sukhoi SU−9 ('Fishpot') was a Soviet single−seater interceptor fighter aircraft that entered service in 1959. The Sukhoi SU−9 was powered by a Lyulka AL−7F TRD−31 turbojet providing a top speed of 1915 kmh and a range of 1450 km. It was armed with four Anab air−to−air missiles.
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SUKHOI Sukhoi is a Soviet aircraft manufacturer.
SUMMIT SENTRY 02−337 The Summit Sentry 02−337 is an American forward air control and counter−insurgency warplane with communications capabilities developed during 1980 and entered into service in 1982. The Summit Sentry 02−337 carries a crew of two and up to four passengers, two litters or freight in the cabin. It is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO−360−A flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 332 kmh and a range of 1770 km typically. The Summit Sentry 02−337 is not armed with any fixed weapons, but can carry up to 1400 lbs of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
SUPER FRELON See "Aerospatiale SA 321"
SUPER HORNET The F/A−18E and F/A−18F Super Hornet are American Naval strike attack aircraft. The Super Hornet F/A−18E is the single seat version and the F/A−18F is the two seat version. The aircraft have eleven weapon stations capable of carrying AIM−9 Sidewinder, AIM−7 Sparrow and the AIM−120 AMRAAM air−to−air missiles; guided air−to−ground weapons, Harpoon, SLAM, GBU−10, HARM, and Maverick; free−fall air−to−ground bombs, Mk−76, BDU−48,Mk−82LD, Mk−82HD, and Mk−84. The aircraft's power is provided by two F414−GE−400 turbofan engines from General Electric. The engines are an advanced derivative of the GE F404 engines installed on the Boeing Hornet. The engines each provide 22,000 lbs thrust with afterburn giving a maximum speed in excess of Mach 1.8.
SUPER LYNX The Westland naval Super Lynx is a rugged British multi−role helicopter for anti−surface warfare, anti−submarine warfare, economic zone and offshore patrol, search and rescue and utility operations. It can carry the Sea Skua anti−ship missile and a range of depth charges, including the Mark 11 depth charges, and torpedoes, including the Mark 44, Mark 46, the A244S and the Stingray torpedoes.
SUPER MYSTERE The Dassault Super Mystere is a French single−seater fighter and fighter−bomber aircraft first introduced into service in 1957. The Dassault Super Mystere is powered by a SNECMA Atar101G−2/3 turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.12 and a maximum range of 1175 km with drop−tanks. Armaments consist of two DEFA 552 30 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points.
SUPERMARINE ATTACKER
The Supermarine Attacker was a British single−seater carrier−borne fighter aircraft produced in 1947, entering service with the Fleet Air Arm in 1949. The Supermarine Attacker was powered by a Rolls−Royce Nene 3 turbojet providing a top speed of 949 kmh and a range of 1915 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons.
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SUPERMARINE SCIMITAR The Supermarine Scimitar was a British single−seater fighter−bomber developed during the late 1940's and in service from 1958 until the late 1960's. The Supermarine Scimitar was powered by two Rolls−Royce Avon 202 turbojets providing a top speed of 1143 kmh and a range of 966 km. Armaments consisted of four 30 mm cannons in the nose and four missiles or up to 4000 lbs of disposable stores, usually bombs carried on under−wing hard points.
SUPERMARINE SWIFT
The Supermarine Swift was a British single−seater fighter and reconnaissance aircraft first flown in 1952 and in service from 1954 to 1955. The Supermarine Swift was powered by a Rolls−Royce Avon 114 turbojet providing a top speed of 1102 kmh and a range of 772 km. Armaments consisted of two 30 mm cannons.
SWALLOW 2 The Swallow 2 was a British liaison aircraft built by the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company (formerly the British Klemm Company) built from 1935 and serving with the RAF until 1945. It was manned by a pilot and had a single passenger seat in tandem. The wallow 2 had a maximum speed of 112 mph and a range of 420 miles.
T−1040 The T−1040 is an American light regional airliner.
T−35 PILLAN The ENAER T−35 Pillan is a joint Chile/American developed tandem two−seat primary/basic trainer aeroplane for the military. It is powered by a 300 hp Avco Lycoming IO−540−K1 six−cylinder engine giving a top speed of 311 kmh and a range of 1100 km depending upon load. The T−35 Pillan carries a pupil and instructor in tandem and up to 500 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points.
T−37 See "Cessna Model 318"
T−3A
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The Slingsby T−3A Firefly (Slinsgby T67 Firefly) is a French−designed British two−seater, propeller driven trainer aircraft used by the U.S. Air Force's Air Education and Training Command to screen pilot candidates by exposing them to military style traffic patterns, aerobatics and spins. It is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−540−D4A5, 260 hp engine providing a top speed of 333 kmh and a range of 1047 km.
T−41 See "Cessna Model 172"
T−45 The T−45 Goshawk is a British−designed American two−seater land−based and carrier−borne basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability jointly manufactured by Boeing and British Aerospace for the US Navy, and based on the BA Hawk trainer aircraft. The T−45 was selected to meet the US Navy requirement for an undergraduate jet pilot trainer to replace the TA−4J Skyhawk and North American NA−249 (T−2 Buckeye). The T−45TS pilot training scheme includes advanced simulators and computer assisted instruction as well as training flight programmes. The T−45A is powered by a Rolls Royce F405−RR−401 turbofan engine providing a top speed of 997 kmh and a range of 1288 km. Two under−wing hard points and an optional under−fuselage hard point allow disposable stores such as light and practice bombs to be carried.
T−67 The Slingsby T−67 Firefly is a French−designed British two−seat primary and basic trainer aircraft that entered military service in 1985. The T−67M Mk II is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−320−D1B flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 222 kmh and a range of 1047 km.
TA 152
The Focke−Wulf Ta 152 was a German high−altitude fighter aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Fw 190. The Ta 152H−1 was powered by a 1750 hp Junkers Jumo 213E 12−cylinder inverted−Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 760 kmh when used with MW−50 water−methanol fuel injection and GM−1 power boost, and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of a 30 mm MK 108 cannon and two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons.
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TACHIKAWA KI−36 The Tachikawa Ki−36 was a Japanese two−seater close−support and light attack warplane of the Second World War in service from 1939 to the late 1940s. The Ki−36 was powered by an Hitachi Ha−13a (Army Type 97) radial piston engine providing a top speed of 348 kmh and a range of 1235 km. Fixed armaments consisted of a 7.7 mm calibre Type 98 fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the starboard side of the forward fuselage with synchronisation equipment to enable it to fire through the propeller disc, and one 7.7 mm calibre Type 98 trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 150 kg of disposable stores were also carried on two under wing hard points, and generally comprised 12.5 or 15 kg bombs.
TACHIKAWA KI−54 The Tachikawa Ki−54 was a Japanese twin−engine advanced crew trainer aircraft of the Second World War designed to train bomber crews how to work together as a team. The Tachikawa Ki−54 was powered by two 510 hp Hitachi Ha−13a 9−cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 375 kmh and a range of 960 km. Armaments consisted of four 7.7 mm machine−guns and practice bombs.
TAYLORCRAFT AUSTER III
The Taylorcraft Auster III was a British two−seat light liaison or observation monoplane of the Second World War. It had a maximum speed of 126 mph and a cruising speed of 96 mph from a single Gipsy−Major four−cylinder 130 hp engine.
TAYLORCRAFT GRASSHOPPER The Taylorcraft Grasshopper (L−2) was an American observation and light liaison aircraft of the Second World War. It was an adaptation of the Taylorcraft Model D Tandem Trainer.
TAYLORCRAFT MODEL B TRAINER The Taylorcraft Model B Trainer was an American two−seat light cabin monoplane training aircraft of the 1940s. It had a top speed of 155 kmh and a range of 400 km.
TAYLORCRAFT MODEL D TANDEM TRAINER
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The Taylorcraft Model D Tandem Trainer was an adaptation of the Taylorcraft Model B Trainer aircraft, having the seating in tandem rather than side−by−side.
TB 30 The Aerospatiale TB 30 Epsilon is a French two−seat primary trainer aircraft that entered service in 1983. The TB 30B is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−540−L1B5D flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 520 kmh and a range of 1250 km. The TB 30 can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
TB 31
The Aerospatiale TB 31 Omega is a French two−seater primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capability. The TB 31is powered by a Turbomeca TP 319 Arrius IA2 turboprop providing a top speed of 595 kmh and a range of 1308 km. The TB 31 can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
TB−20 The TB−20 is a French light cabin monoplane aircraft.
TBA 68 The Thomson Brandt TBA 68 is a French air−launched rocket used for air−to−air and air−to−surface roles and carried by both aircraft and helicopters. Various types are produced with varying warheads, but all have a range of 1000 meters minimum and 4000 meters maximum from aircraft and 3000 meters maximum from helicopters.
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THALIA See "Kawasaki Ki−56"
THUNDERBOLT II See "A−10"
TIGER The Tiger (Tigre) helicopter is developed in two configurations, an antitank helicopter and a combat support helicopter, by the international Eurocopter company and funded by Germany and France. The requirements for the Tiger HAC anti−tank helicopter are the identification and engagement of ground targets by day and night to ranges exceeding 5 km, low detectability and a self−defence capability. The Tiger is powered by two MTU/Turbomeca/Rolls−Royce MTR 390 turboshafts providing a top speed of 280 kmh and an endurance of 3 hours 10 minutes flying time. The Tiger can be equipped with four MISTRAL or four Stinger air−to−air missiles and HOT 3 and TRIGAT LR anti−tank missiles. In the combat support role the Tiger uses a gun for short range engagements and 68 millimetre rockets at medium and long range. It can be equipped with Mistral missiles to engage airborne threats. In the combat support role the helicopter is equipped with a turreted GIAT M871 30 mm gun together with either four Mistral missiles, 44 rockets plus 4 Mistral missiles, or 68 rockets.
TIGER MOTH The Tiger Moth was a British biplane made by De Haviland. It had a top speed of 109mph.
TOMAHAWK I The Tomahawk I was a British version of the Curtiss Warhawk P−40, fitted with British equipment and British 0. 303 inch calibre machine−guns.
TOMAHAWK II The Tomahawk IIA was a British version of the Curtiss Warhawk P−40B, fitted with a British radio. The Tomahawk IIB was fitted with an American radio.
TOMCAT Tomcat is the nickname of the F−14.
TORNADO
The Tornado is a British multi−role aircraft, for ground attack and air defence, and is operational in four different forms: Tornado GR 1 interdictor/strike aircraft for close air support, counter air attack and defence suppression; The Tornado GR 1A is an all weather day and night tactical reconnaissance aircraft; The Tornado GR 1B is the long range maritime attack version; The Tornado F3 is the long range air defence fighter. The Tornado is fitted with two 25 mm cannons on each side of the fuselage and is equipped with a wide range of weapons. For close air support and interdiction the aircraft is typically equipped with iron bombs, cluster bombs and laser guided bombs. In the defence suppression role it is equipped with anti−radar missiles. The GR 1B Maritime Attack Tornado variant in service with the Royal Air Force is equipped with up to four 223
The Probert Encyclopaedia − Aircraft Sea Eagle anti−ship missiles. The F3 Air Defence Tornado is armed with short range and medium range air−to−air missiles. A typical weapons payload would include four Sidewinder short range missiles and four Skyflash medium range missiles.
TR−1 The TR−1 is an American single−seat high−altitude tactical reconnaissance aircraft.
TRANSALL C.160NG The Transall C.160NG is a French/German medium−range medium tactical transport aircraft. The Transall C.160NG is powered by two Rolls−Royce/SNECMA Tyne RTy 20 Mk 22 turboprops giving a top speed of 513 kmh and a fully loaded range of 1850 km. It carries a flight crew of three and 88 paratroops, or 93 fully equipped soldiers, or 62 litters and four medical attendants or up to 16000 kg of freight in the hold.
TU−124 The Tupolev Tu−124 (Cookpot) is a Soviet short/medium−range light/medium transport aircraft developed in response to a need for a replacement for the Ilyushin Il−14. The Tu−124 first flew as a prototype in 1960 and entered service in 1962. The Tu−124 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−20P turbofans providing a top speed of 970 kmh and a range of 1220 km fully laden. The original Tu−124 carried 44 passengers, the main production model, the Tu−124V carries a flight crew of four or five and up to 56 passengers or 6000 kg of freight in the cabin. Tow VIP variants were also produced in small numbers, the Tu−124K carried 36 passengers and the Tu−124K2 carried 22 passengers.
TU−126 The Tupolev Tu−126 (Moss) was a Soviet airborne warning and control system aircraft in service from 1971 to the early 1990's. The Tupolev Tu−126 was powered by four KKBM NK−12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 850 kmh and a range of 12550 km. The Tupolev Tu−126 carried a flight crew of four or five and a mission crew of seven or eight in the cabin.
TU−134
The Tupolev Tu−134 (Crusty) is a Soviet short/medium−range medium transport aircraft first flown in 1960, entering service in 1962. The Tu−134 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−30 II turbofans providing a top speed of 900 kmh and a range of 2000 km. The Tu−134 carries a flight crew of three and up to 76 passengers or 18000 lbs of freight in the cabin
TU−14 The Tupolev Tu−14 ('Bosun') was a Soviet twin−engined bomber aircraft produced in 1947, and in service through the 1950's. The Tupolev Tu−14 was powered by two Klimov VK−1 turbojets providing a top speed of 845 kmh and a range of 3010 km. The Tupolev Tu−14 carried a crew of five and was armed with two 23 mm cannons and could carry 3000 kg of bombs. Two additional variations were produced: the Tupolev Tu−14R was a reconnaissance model; the Tupolev Tu−14T was fitted with more powerful engines and had structural modifications and was issued to Naval Air Force squadrons.
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TU−142 The Tupolev Tu−142 (Bear) is a Soviet long−range maritime reconnaissance aircraft with anti−submarine capability. The Tupolev Tu−142 was developed from the earlier Tupolev Tu−95 and entered service in 1970. The Tupolev Tu−142 is powered by four KKBM NK−12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 925 kmh and a range of 6400 km. The Tupolev Tu−142 carries a flight crew of five and six and a mission crew in the cabin. Armaments consist of two 23 mm Nudel'man−Rikhter NR−23 cannons in a manned tail turret and up to 25000 lbs of disposable stores carried in two lower−fuselage weapon bays, typically comprising torpedoes, depth charges or mines.
TU−144 The Tupolev Tu−144 is a Russian supersonic airliner copied from plans of Concorde stolen by KGB agents during the 1960s and first flown in December 1968. Modifications were carried out due to wing problems, and these included the addition of a pair of short wings behind the cockpit. The TU−144 was first displayed to the world at the 1973 Paris air show, where unknown to the Soviet authorities French Mirage jets were employed to photograph the Tu−144 in flight to steal details of the extra wings. During the demonstration flight the Tu−144 unexpectedly came across a Mirage jet in its flight path, was forced to take drastic evasive action and upon diving broke up when the stresses upon the aircraft reached 5gs, causing the plane to fall in pieces out of the sky onto nearby houses killing the crew and eight French civilians, including some children. An official investigation into the crash covered up the true nature of the incident for two reasons. Firstly the French didn't wish to admit that their covert operation had caused the accident which killed French civilians, and the Soviet government agreed to co−operate because they didn't wish to admit publicly that the Tu−144 was not as structurally strong as its rival, Concorde. The official report claimed that a camera, held by a four crewman in the three−seat cockpit had been dropped when the man was thrown to the ceiling during the evasive action, and this dropped camera had lodged in the well at the base of the control stick, jamming the plane in a dive. However, the firemen who recovered the bodies from the cockpit remains only found three bodies, not four as claimed by the official report.
TU−154
The Tupolev Tu−154 (Careless) is a Soviet medium/long−range medium transport aircraft developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1972. The Tu−154 is powered by three PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D−30KU−154−II turbofans providing a top speed of 950 kmh and a range of 3740 km fully laden. The Tu−154 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 180 passengers or 18000 kg of freight in the cabin.
TU−16 The Tupolev Tu−16 (Badger) is a Soviet strategic bomber in service since 1954. Two MNPK 'Soyuz' AM−3A turbojets provide a top speed of 992 kmh and a maximum range of 5929 km. It is armed with six 23 mm NR−23 cannons in a radar−directed manned tail−turret and remotely−aimed upper dorsal and rear ventral barbettes, and one 23 mm NR−23 cannon in the starboard side of the nose, and up to 9000 kg of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay.
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TU−160 The Tu−160 (Blackjack) is a Soviet supersonic strategic bomber manufactured by the Tupolev Aircraft Research and Engineering Complex Joint Stock Company in Moscow and the Kazan based Gorbunov Aircraft Production Association in Tatarstan between 1980 and 1992. The purpose of the aircraft is the delivery of nuclear and conventional weapons deep in continental theatres of operation and to this end the aircraft has all weather, day and night capability and can operate at all geographical latitudes. The Tu−160 can carry nuclear and conventional weapons including long range nuclear missiles. The missiles are accommodated on multi−station launchers in each of the two weapons bays. The Tu−160 is capable of carrying up to twelve Kh−55MS strategic cruise missiles, six in each bay. The weapons bays are also fitted with launchers for the Kh−15P rocket and the aircraft is also capable of carrying a range of aerial bombs with a total weight up to 40 tons. The Tu−160 is manned by a crew of four comprising a pilot and co−pilot, a navigator and an operator. The aircraft propulsion system consists of four NK−32 augmented turbofan engines, which each provide a maximum thrust of 25000 kg providing a top speed of 1250 mph a range of 14000 km.
TU−20
The Tupolev Tu−20 ('Bear A') was a Soviet long−range strategic bomber aircraft developed in the early 1950's and in service during the 1960's and 1970's. The Tupolev Tu−20 was powered by four Kutsnetsov NK−12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 805 kmh and a range of 12550 km. The Tupolev Tu−20 carried a crew of ten and was armed with six 23 mm cannons positioned in two remote−control and one radar−controlled positions and could carry up to 25000 lbs of bombs. Reconnaissance variations were also later produced.
TU−22 The Tupolev Tu−22 (Blinder) is a Soviet long−range strategic bomber first flown in 1959 and in service since 1961. The Tu−22 is powered by two RKBM VD−7M turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.4 and a maximum range of 6500 km. Armaments consist of a 23 mm NR−23 cannon in a remotely−controlled tail barbette and carries up to 10000 kg of disposable stores in a lower−fuselage weapons bay, usually an AS−4 Kitchen anti−ship−missile.
TU−26
The Tupolev Tu−26 (Backfire) is a Soviet four−seater variable−geometry operational/strategic bomber derived from the Tu−22 in an effort to overcome the Tu−22's poor range and indifferent supersonic performance, the process being analogous to that which saw the evolution of the variable−geometry Sukhoi Su−17 series from the fixed−geometry Su−7. The Tu−22 first flew in the late 1960s before entering limited Soviet service in about 1974. It is armed with two 23 mm NR−23 cannons in a remotely−controlled tail barbette and up to 12000 kg of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay, on two hard points, one under each wing glove, and on two triple tandem racks, one under each inlet duct. The Tu−26 generally carries one AS−4 Kitchen anti−ship missile or two AS−6 Kingfish anti−ship missiles. 226
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TU−28 The Tupolev Tu−28 (Fiddler) was a Soviet two−seater long−range interceptor fighter in service from 1962 until the 1990's. The Tupolev Tu−28 was powered by two NPO Saturn AL−21F−3 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.75 and a maximum range of 1250 km typically. Armaments consisted of up to 2000 kg of disposable stores are carried on four hard points, two under each wing, usually four AA−5 'Ash' air−to−air missiles.
TU−4
The Tupolev Tu−4 (Bull) was a Soviet strategic heavy bomber copied from the American B−29 and in service from 1949 until the 1980's. Work started on the design of the Tupolev Tu−4 in 1943 after the Americans refused to assist the USSR by providing B−29 bombers, and when three separate B−29 bombers crash landed in Siberia during 1944 they were seized and analysed by the Soviet authorities. The Tupolev Tu−4 was powered by four Shvetsov Ash−73TK radial piston engines providing a top speed of 558 kmh and a maximum range of 5100 km. Armaments consisted of ten Beresin UBT .5 inch heavy machine−guns or B−20E 20 mm cannons or Nudel'man−Suranov NS−23 23 mm cannons in a two−gun tail turret, two two−gun barbettes above the fuselage and two two−gun barbettes below the fuselage and up to 8000 kg of disposable stores carried in two lower−fuselage weapon bays. The Tupolev Tu−4 carried a flight crew of ten.
TU−95 The Tupolev Tu−95 (Bear) is a Soviet 10−seater strategic heavy bomber. It is armed with six 23 mm NR−23 cannon located as two each in a manned tail turret and two remotely−controlled barbettes, one dorsal and one ventral and up to 20000 kg of disposable stores carried in two lower−fuselage weapons bays. The Tu−95 has proved extraordinarily long−lived, the type having first flown in the late summer of 1954 and using, in the full production version from 1958, four Kuznetsov NK−12M turboprop engines driving vast counter−rotating propellers for great range and high subsonic performance. Each of the weapons bays was sized to accommodate one 5, 20 or 50−megaton free−fall thermonuclear weapon, an alternative being 20000 kg of conventional ordnance.
TUCAN T−1 The Tucan T−1 was an Argentinean, single seat, light monoplane designed in the mid 1940s for touring and aerobatics. It was powered a 65 hp Continental A65 four−cylinder engine driving a two−blade Sfreddo y Paolini wood airscrew giving a top speed of 205 kmh and a range of six hours flying or 1100 km.
TUPOLEV The Tupolev is a Soviet medium−range strategic bomber and maritime strike/reconnaissance aircraft.
TURBOPROP A turboprop engine is a combination of propeller and jet engine. The main thrust comes from the propeller, with only a small proportion coming from the jet exhaust. A turboprop engine handles a larger airflow than other aircraft engines, and generally the largest thrust for any given rate of fuel consumption. At about 450 mph the efficiency of the propeller is seriously impaired, so turboprop engines are only suitable for lower speeds.
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TWINSTAR See "Ecureuil 2"
U−2
The Lockheed U−2 (Dragon Lady) is an American single−seat, single−engine, high−altitude, unarmed, reconnaissance aircraft that entered service in 1956. The U−2 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney J75−P−13B turbojet providing a top speed of 692 kmh and a range of more than 4800 km and an endurance of 12 hours. Long, wide, straight wings give the U−2 glider−like characteristics. It can carry a variety of sensors and cameras, is an extremely reliable reconnaissance aircraft. Because of its high altitude mission, the pilot must wear a full pressure suit. The U−2 is capable of collecting multi−sensor photo, electro−optic, infrared and radar imagery, as well as performing other types of reconnaissance functions. However, the aircraft can be a difficult aircraft to fly due to its unusual landing characteristics.
UC−78 See "Cessna Model T−50"
UH−60 The Sikorsky UH−60 (Black Hawk) 14−seater combat assault and transport helicopter was developed in 1978, and is a US military workhorse, used in the combat assault squad transport mode and can also be configured as a medevac aircraft. It can fly at speeds of greater than 180 mph and has provisions for mounting two M−60 machineguns and sixteen AGM−114A Hellfire anti−tank missiles as armament.
UTVA LASTA The UTVA Lasta is a Yugoslavian two−seater primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capabilities that entered service in the 1980's. The UTVA Lasta 1 is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−540−L1B5D flat−six piston engine providing a top speed of 560 kmh and a range of 900 km. Up to 240 kg of disposable stores can be carried on two under−wing hard points.
UTVA−75
The UTVA−75 is a Yugoslavian two−seater primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with counter−insurgency capabilities that entered military service in the 1970's. The UTVA−75A21 is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO−360−B1F flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 215 kmh and a range of 800 km. Up to 200 kg of disposable stores can be carried on two under−wing hard points, typically comprising machine−gun pods, bombs or two multiple rocket launchers.
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V−22 OSPREY The V−22 Osprey is an American joint service, medium lift, multi−mission tilt−rotor aircraft developed by Boeing and Bell Helicopters. The V−22 Osprey is powered by two Allison T406−AD−400 turboshafts which allow for vertical and short take−off and landing (V/STOL) with 24 combat equipped troops, dual−hook external loads up to 15000 lbs, cruise speeds in excess of 582 kmh, and a mission radius exceeding 200 nautical miles. The helicopter is self−deployable world wide with a ferry range over 3892 km. The normal operating range is up to 2224 km. The aircraft operates as a helicopter when taking off and landing vertically. The nacelles rotate 90 degrees forward once airborne, converting the aircraft into a turboprop aircraft. The aircraft can provide VTOL with a payload of 24 troops, or 6000 lbs of cargo at 430 nautical miles combat range, or VTOL with a payload of 8300 lbs of cargo for a range of 220 nautical miles. The tiltrotor aircraft is available in three configurations for the US Joint Services Operational Requirements: the Combat Assault and Assault Support MV−22 for the US Marine Corps and the US Army, the long range Special Operations CV−22 for US Special Operations Command (US SOCOM) and the US Navy HV−22, for combat search and rescue, special warfare and fleet logistic support. The main cabin which measures 6 x 6 x 24 ft, is fitted with crash−resistant foldaway seats, arranged twelve on each side and inward facing, for 24 fully equipped troops. For the medical evacuation role the cabin can accommodate 12 litters (stretcher patients) and a team of medical officers. The cargo handling equipment includes a cargo winch and pulley rated at 2,000 lbs. Roller rails and shock absorbing cargo tie down rings are fitted on the cabin floor. The main door is on the right of the fuselage immediately behind the cockpit and a rear loading ramp door at the back of the fuselage is operated hydraulically with actuators.
VALMET L−70
The Valmet L−70 Miltrainer is a Finnish primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capabilities that entered service in 1980. The Valmet L−70 is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO−360−A1B6 flat−four piston engine providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 950 km. The Valmet L−70 carries a crew of two and up to two passengers. Up to 300 kg of disposable stores can be carried on four under−wing hard points.
VALMET L−90TP The Valmet L−90TP Redigo is a Finnish primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capabilities that entered service in 1991. The Valmet L−90TP is powered by an Allison 250−B17F turboprop providing a top speed of 465 kmh and a range of 1400 km. The Valmet L−90TP carries a crew of two and has provision for two passengers. Armaments consist of up to 800 kg of disposable stores carried on six under−wing hard points.
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VALMET VIHURI
The Valmet Vihuri was a Finnish two−seater trainer aircraft first produced in 1953. The Valmet Vihuri was an all−metal construction low−winged monoplane powered by a Bristol Mercury VIII 9−cylinder radial engine providing a top speed of 432 kmh and a range of 1000 km.
VAMPIRE The De Havilland DH 100 Vampire was a British single−seater (later in 1949 a two−seater night−fighter variant was produced) fighter aircraft conceived in 1941 and produced in 1946, serving until the 1980's. The De Havilland DH 100 Vampire was powered by a De Havilland Goblin DGn.2 turbojet which provided a top speed of 861 kmh and a maximum range of 1883 km with drop−tanks. Armaments consisted of four Hispano Mk 5 20 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage and up to 1000 lb of disposable stores carried on two under−wing hard points.
VAUTOUR II The Sud−Ouest So.4050 Vautour II was a French two−seater all−weather fighter aircraft in service from 1956 until the early 1980's. The Sud−Ouest So.4050 Vautour II was powered by two SNECMA Atar 101E−3 turbojets providing a top speed of 1105 kmh and a maximum range of 1200 km typically. Armaments consisted of four DEFA 552 40 mm cannons in the nose and up to 3900 kg of disposable stores carried in a lower fuselage weapons bay rated at 2100 kg and on four under−wing hard points each rated at 450 kg.
VC−137 The Boeing VC−137B/C is a modified version of the Boeing 707 commercial intercontinental airliner used for the transportation of the American vice president, cabinet and congressional members, and other high−ranking US and visiting officials. The VC−137B/C body is identical to that of the Boeing 707, but has different interior furnishings and electronic equipment. The passenger cabin is divided into three sections: The forward area has a communications centre, galley, lavatory and an eight−seat compartment. The centre section is designed as an airborne headquarters with conference tables, swivel chairs, projection screen for films and two convertible sofa−bunks. The rear section of the cabin contains double reclining passenger seats, tables, galley, two lavatories and closets. Partitions may be placed throughout the cabin for added privacy.
VC10 The VC10 is a British passenger jet airliner also used as a long−range strategic transport aircraft by the military. The civilian VC10 carries 163 passengers. Four Rolls−Royce Conway 301 turbofans provide a cruising speed of 518 mph. VC10s are also used in various forms by the RAF, the VC10 C is a military transport variant carrying a flight crew of four and up to 150 passengers or 78 litters and attendants or 61 seated casualties and attendants or 57400 lbs of freight carried in the cabin.
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VICKERS 'K' The Vickers 'K' was a gas−operated .303 inch calibre aircraft machine−gun fitted to British aircraft during the Second World War. It was fed with ball ammunition from a 96 round drum magazine and had an effective range of 550 meters.
VICKERS 266
The Vickers 266 (Vincent) was a British two−seater general−purpose warplane of the Second World War in service from 1934 to 1941. Developed from the Vickers Vildebeest, the Vickers 266 was a large all−metal, fabric covered biplane powered by a Bristol Pegasus IIM 3 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 228 kmh and a range of 2012 km with auxiliary fuel carried. The Vickers 266 was armed with a 0.303 inch calibre Vickers Mk II fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the port side of the forward fuselage with synchronisation equipment to allow it to fire through the propeller disc, and one 0.303 inch calibre Lewis Gun Mk IIIA trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. In addition up to 1100 lbs of disposable stores could be carried on eight under wing hard points and generally comprised two 500, 520 or 550 lb bombs or four 230 or 250 lb bombs or eight 100, 112 or 120 lb bombs and eight 20 lb bombs could also be carried under the under parts of the lower wing.
VICKERS FB5 The Vickers FB5 ('Gunbus') was a British fighter aircraft of the Great War. It was the first aircraft specifically designed as a fighter for the Royal Flying Corps. With its engine mounted behind the cockpit, it was the first 'pusher' type of aircraft to enter service during the Great War. The FB5 had a top speed of 70 mph and was manned by a crew of two, but armed only with a moveable, forward−firing machine−gun which left it vulnerable to attack from the rear, resulting in it soon being replaced by more advanced single−seat fighter aircraft.
VICKERS VALETTA The Vickers Valetta was a British short−range light/medium transport aircraft in service with the RAF from 1946 to 1969. The Vickers Valetta was a modification of the Vickers Viking transport and general purpose aircraft and was powered by two Bristol Hercules Mk 230 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 415 kmh and a range of 850 km depending upon load. The Vickers Valetta was manned by a flight crew of four and carried up to 34 troops, 20 paratroops or freight in the hold.
VICKERS VALIANT
The Vickers Valiant was a British bomber aircraft first flown in 1951 and in service with the RAF from 1954 until the 1960's. The Vickers Valiant was powered by four Rolls−Royce Avon 204 turbojets providing a top speed of 912 kmh and a range of 5550 km. The Vickers Valiant carried a crew of five and was armed with 21000 lbs of bombs. Variants of the Vickers Valiant included reconnaissance and in−flight tankers.
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VICKERS VANGUARD The Vickers Vanguard is a British passenger airliner first flown in 1959. The Vanguard can carry 139 passengers at a cruising speed of 684 kmh and a range of 2945 km.
VICKERS VARSITY The Vickers Varsity was a British four−seater crew trainer aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service with the RAF in 1951. The Vickers Varsity was powered by two Bristol Hercules 264 14−cylinder air−cooled radial piston engines providing a top speed of 463 kmh and a range of 4260 km. A bomb bay below the fuselage could carry 600 lbs of bombs used for visual bomb aiming practice. In 1956 Vickers Varsity aircraft were used in Australia for communications and gathering air samples during the nuclear tests.
VICKERS VILDEBEEST
The Vickers Vildebeest was a British two−seater torpedo bomber biplane designed for coastal defence and first flown in 1928. The Vickers Vildebeest Mk 1 was powered by a Bristol Pegasus IM3 providing a top speed of about 230 kmh and a range of 1014 km. Armaments consisted of two machine guns and an 18−inch torpedo or 1000 kg bomb carried under the fuselage. A few three−seater variants were also produced.
VICKERS VINCENT See "Vickers 266"
VICKERS VISCOUNT The Vickers Viscount is a British passenger airliner. It was the world's first turboprop transport to go into service (in 1948). It carries 73 passengers and a crew of three. It has a range of 1725 miles and a top cruising speed of 357mph.
VICTOR The British Aerospace Victor is a British in−flight−refuelling tanker originally designed as a heavy, high−altitude nuclear bomber. The British Aerospace Victor carries a crew of four or five and entered service in 1957. The British Aerospace Victor is powered by four Rolls−Royce Rco.17 Mk 201 turbofans providing a top speed of 1028 kmh and a maximum range of 7885 km typically.
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VOUGHT A−7
The Vought A−7 Corsair II is an American single−seat carrier−borne strike and attack aircraft developed on the basis of the Vought F−8 supersonic fighter as a successor to the Douglas A−4 Skyhawk, and first flew in 1965. The Vought A−7 is powered by an Allison TF41−A−2 turbofan providing a top speed of 1123 kmh and a range of 1150 km typically. It is armed with a General Electric M61A1 Vulcan six−barrel rotary cannon in the port side of the lower forward fuselage and up to 15000 lbs of disposable stores carried on eight hard points, two on the fuselage sides and three under each wing.
VOUGHT F−7 The Vought F−7 Cutlass was an American single−seater fighter aircraft of the 1950's. The Vought F−7 was the first swept−back wing fighter aircraft to see service with the US Navy and also the first American military aircraft to be produced with an unconventional tailplane. The Vought F−7 was powered by two Westinghouse J46−WE−8A turbojets providing a top speed of 1094 kmh and a range of 1060 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and four air−to−air missiles. The service life of the Vought F−7 was short, quickly being replaced by the Vought F−8.
VOUGHT F−8
The Vought F−8 Crusader is an American single−seater carrier−borne fighter−bomber aircraft. The Vought F−8 Crusader is powered by a Pratt and Whitney J57−P−20A turbojet providing a top speed of Mach 1.72 and a maximum range of 965 km depending upon load. Armaments consist of four 20 mm Pontiac M39 cannons, two in each side of the forward fuselage and up to 5000 lbs of disposable stores carried on four hard points, one on each side of the fuselage and one under each wing. The F−8 was the US Navy's first supersonic fighter, and first flew in prototype form during September 1955, entering service in 1957 replacing the Vought F−7.
VTOL VTOL is an abbreviation for vertical take off and landing. It is used with aircraft which can take−off and land with out a runway.
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VULCAN The Vulcan was a British four−jet medium bomber in service from 1957 until 1983. The Vulcan was powered by four Rolls−Royce Bristol Olympus 301 turbojets giving it a maximum speed of Mach 0.94 and a range of 5560 km. Armaments consisted of up to 21000 lb of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay, usually nuclear.
VULTEE BT−13 The Vultee BT−13 (Valiant) was an American basic trainer aircraft used by the US Army Air Corps during the Second World War. The BT−13 was an all− metal, flush−riveted metal skin, closed−canopy plane powered by a 450 hp Pratt and Whitney Wasp Junior or a Wright Whirlwind engine that gave it speeds up to 176 mph over a range of 1680 km. It had a Hamilton Standard 2−position variable pitch propeller and was equipped with full navigation and night−flying instruments.
VULTEE V−11
The Vultee V−11 (A−19) was an American three−seater light attack bomber of the Second World War in service from 1937 to 1947. The A−19 was powered by a Wright GR−1820−G2 radial piston engine giving a top speed of 383 kmh and a range of 3830 km. The A−19 was armed with four 0.3 inch calibre Browning fixed forward−firing machine−guns in the leading edges of the wings, one 0.3 inch calibre Browning trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit, one 0.3 inch calibre Browning trainable rearward−firing machine gun in the retractable ventral position. In addition 2180 lbs of disposable stores could be carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay rated at 1080 lbs and on under−wing hard points, and generally consisted of 36 30lb bombs carried internally and 1100 lbs of bombs carried under the wings. The A−19 was little used by the Americans during the war, rather some sixty were supplied to China and about 40 each to the USSR and Turkey and another 26 to Brazil.
WACO CG−3A The Waco CG−3A was an American troop carrying and training glider of the Second World War. It was an externally braced high−wing monoplane of fabric−covered wood and steel−tube construction capable of carrying nine fully armed troops each carrying 18 kg of equipment, two of the troops acting as pilot and co−pilot. Originally designed as a troop carrier, the CG−3A was later used for training glider pilots.
WACO CG−4A
The Waco CG−4A (Hadrian) was an American troop carrying glider of the Second World War. It was a high−wing, rigidly braced monoplane with space for fifteen troops or cargo. CG−4As were the only American built gliders to be used during the Sicily and France invasions by the Allies.
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WARHAWK See "P−40"
WARRIOR See "OH−58D"
WEISS WM 21 The Weiss WM 21 Solyom was a Hungarian two−seat reconnaissance biplane aircraft of the Second World War. The Weiss WM 21 was powered by a 870 hp Weiss WM K−14 radial piston engine providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 600 km. Armaments consisted of two forward−firing 7. 92 mm machine−guns, one trainable 7.92 mm machine−gun in the rear cockpit and light bombs carried on under−wing racks.
WELLINGTON The Vickers Wellington was a series of British twin−engined long−range night bomber of the Second World War. The mark I was powered by two 1000hp Bristol Pegasus XVIII radial engines giving a top speed of 250 mph. Later models had a slightly higher top speed. It was armed with hydraulic gun turrets in the nose and tail. Some models also had a hydraulic gun turret amidships beneath the fuselage. It carried 9 500lb bombs in 3 bays.
WESTLAND COMMANDO The Westland Commando is a British utility tactical medium helicopter developed as a land−based version of the Westland Sea King helicopter. The Westland Commando entered service in 1974 and is powered by two Rolls−Royce Gnome H.1400−1T turboshafts providing a top speed of 226 kmh and a range of 400 km fully laden. The Westland Commando carries a crew of two and up to 28 troops (45 in overload conditions) or nine litters plus two attendants or 6000 lbs of freight carried in the hold or 8000 lbs of freight carried as a slung load. Generally unarmed, provision is made for the mounting of a 20 mm cannon or machine−gun on a pintle in the cabin door and up to 2500 lbs of disposable stores carried on two hard points.
WESTLAND SCOUT
The Westland Scout is a British utility light helicopter that entered service in 1963. The Westland Scout is powered by a Rolls−Royce Nimbus Mk 101 or Mk 102 turboshaft providing a top speed of 211 km and a range of 505 km. The Westland Scout carries a crew of one or two and up to three or four passengers or one litter or freight in the rear of the cabin or 1500 lbs of freight carried as a slung load. Two hard points fitted to the sides of the fuselage enable up to 540 lbs of disposable stores to be carried such as 20 mm cannon or machine−gun pods.
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WESTLAND WAPITI The Westland Wapiti was a British two−seater general purpose biplane of the Second World War in service from 1928 to 1942. Powered by a Bristol Jupiter XFA radial piston engine the Wapiti had a top speed of 257 kmh and a range of 499 km. Fixed armaments consisted of one 0.303 inch calibre Vickers Mk II fixed forward−firing machine−gun in the upper part of the forward fuselage with synchronisation equipment to allow it to fire through the propeller disc, and one 0.30 inch calibre Lewis Mk III trainable rearward−firing machine−gun in the rear cockpit. Additionally up to 580 lbs of disposable stores were carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings, and consisting of a variety of bombs.
WESTLAND WASP
The Westland Wasp HAS Mk 1 is a British ship borne anti−submarine and anti−ship light helicopter in service since 1963. The Westland Wasp is powered by a Rolls−Royce Nimbus Mk 503 or 504 turboshaft providing a top speed of 193 kmh and a range of 488 km. The Westland Wasp carries a crew of two and up to four passengers or freight in the rear cabin or 1500 lbs of freight carried as a slung load and up to 540 lbs of disposable stores carried on two hard points on the sides of the fuselage.
WESTLAND WELKIN The Welkin I was a British single−seat high−altitude fighter designed to combat possible stratospheric raids by the Luftwaffe over England at heights beyond the range of the then existing fighters, during the Second World War. As the high−altitude raids never materialised, the Welkin I never became operational and only a few were built.
WESTLAND WESSEX
The Westland Wessex is an American−designed British utility medium helicopter in service since 1961. The Westland Wessex is powered by two Rolls−Royce Gnome Mk 110/111 turboshafts providing a top speed of 212 kmh and a range of 769 km. The Westland Wessex carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 16 troops or eight litters plus two seated casualties and an attendant or 4000 lbs of freight in the cabin or carried as a slung load.
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WESTLAND WHIRLWIND The Westland Whirlwind was a British single−seater long−range fighter−bomber aircraft of the Second World War in service from 1940 to 1943. The Westland Whirlwind was powered by two Rolls−Royce Peregrine I Vee piston engines giving a top speed of 579 kmh and a range of 1287 km. Fixed armaments comprised four 20 mm calibre Hispano Mk I fixed forward−firing cannons in the nose. In addition, up to 1000 lbs of disposable stores could also be carried on two hard points under the wings, each rated at 500 lb and these generally consisted of two 250 lb or two 500 lb bombs. The Westland Whirlwind is an American−designed British utility light/medium helicopter in service since the 1950's. The Westland Whirlwind is powered by a Rolls−Royce Gnome H.1000 turboshaft providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 483 km. The Westland Whirlwind carries a flight crew of one or two and up to ten troops or six litters or freight carried in the cabin or as a slung load.
WESTLAND WYVERN
The Westland Wyvern was a British single−seater strike aircraft in service with the Fleet Air Arm from 1954 to 1958. The Westland Wyvern was powered by an Armstrong Siddeley Python A.S.P.3 turboprop providing a top speed of 616 kmh and a range of 1455 km. Armaments consisted of four 20 mm cannons and 3000 lbs of disposable stores, comprising bombs or torpedoes. Westland Wyvern aircraft saw action against Egyptian forces in 1956 during the Suez crisis.
WHITLEY I The Armstrong Whitworth AW 38 Whitley was the first heavy bomber to go into large scale production for the RAF, and was delivered in 1937. It was powered by two Armstrong Siddeley Tiger IX fourteen cylinder air−cooled radial engines.
WHITLEY II The Whitely II was a development of the Whitley I bomber, but fitted with two Armstrong Siddeley Tiger VIII engines. It was delivered to the RAF in January 1938.
WHITLEY III The Whitely III was a development of the Whitley II bomber, improved to carry a larger bomb load and with improved navigational facilities it was delivered to the RAF in August 1938.
WHITLEY IV The Armstrong−Whitworth Whitley IV was a British twin−engined heavy bomber of the Second World War. It was powered by two 1030hp Rolls−Royce Merlin IV 12−cylinder engines giving it a top speed of 245 mph. It was armed with a powered operated single gun turret in the nose and a four−gun turret in the tail.
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WRIGHT FLYER The Wright Flyer was the aircraft invented by the Wright brothers. On December 17th 1903 it made the first sustained flight by a man−carrying heavier−than−air machine.
XIAN H−6
The Xian H−6 is a Chinese medium bomber, reconnaissance and anti−ship warplane in service since the 1970's, based on the Soviet Tu−16. The Xian H−6 is powered by two Xian Wopen−8 turbojets providing a top speed of 992 kmh and a maximum range of 4300 km. Armaments consist of six Type 23−1 23 mm cannons mounted in a twin−gun tail turret and two twin−gun remote controlled ventral and dorsal barbettes, and up to 9000 lb of disposable stores carried in a lower−fuselage weapons bay.
XIAN JH−7 The Xian JH−7 is a Chinese two−seater all−weather interdiction and attack warplane first flown in 1988. The Xian JH−7 is powered by two Xian WS−9 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 1.69. Armaments consist of a 23 mm Type 23−3 two−barrelled cannon mounted in the nose and disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points and two wing−tip hard points.
XIAN Y−7 The Xian Y−7 is a Soviet−designed Chinese short/medium−range light transport aircraft based on the An−24 and in service since 1984. The Xian Y−7 is powered by two Donagan Wojiang−5AI turboprops providing a top speed of 518 kmh and a range of 910 km fully laden. The Xian Y−7 carries a flight crew of five and up to 52 passengers or 5500 kg of freight in the cabin.
Y−10 The Y−10 is a Chinese medium−haul commercial transport aircraft.
Y−11 The Harbin Y−11 is a Chinese short−range STOL light transport aircraft designed in the early 1970s as a replacement for the Shijiazhuang Y−5 and entered service in the late 1970's. The Y−11 is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO−550−B flat−six piston engines providing a top speed of 265 kmh and a range of 300 km fully laden. The Y−11 carries a crew of one or two and up to seven passengers or 900 kg of freight, normally though 1200 kg of freight can be carried under restricted conditions.
Y−11T The Harbin Y−11T Turbo−Panda is a Chinese light transport and general utility aeroplane. It was developed during 1981 from the piston−engined Y−11, and is powered by turboprop engines. It carries a flight crew of two and in the transport version 15 passengers sitting three−abreast.
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Y−12
The Harbin Y−12 is a Chinese shirt−range STOL light transport aircraft based on the Y−11 family, first flown in 1982 and entered service in the mid−1980's. The Y−12 is powered by two Pratt and Whitney PT6A−27 turboprops providing a top speed of 328 kmh and a range of 1340 km. The Y−12 carries a crew of two and up to 17 passengers or 1700 kg of freight in the cabin.
Y−5 The Shijiazhuang Y−5 was a Chinese license−built copy of the Soviet Antonov AN−2 transport aircraft.
Y−7 The Xian Y−7 is a Chinese short/medium−range light transport aircraft based on the Soviet Antonov AN−24 that first entered service in 1984. The Y−7 is powered by two Dongan Wojiang−5A I turboprops and one MNPK 'Soyuz' RU−19−300 turbojet providing a top speed of 518 kmh and a range of 1900 km depending upon load. The Y−7 carries a flight crew of five and up to 52 passengers or 5500 kg of freight in the cabin.
YAK−11 The Yakovlev Yak−11 (Moose) is a Soviet two−seater advanced flying trainer with limited armament training capability. The Yak−11 entered service in 1947. The Yak−11 is armed with one 12.7 mm Beresin UBS heavy machine−gun or one 7.62 mm ShKAS machine−gun in the upper port side of the fuselage and can carry 200 kg of disposable stores on two under−wing hard points. One Shvetsov ASh−21 radial piston engine provides a top speed of 465 kmh and a range of 1280 km, an endurance of 4 hours 20 minutes flying.
YAK−141
The Yakovlev YAK−141 (Freestyle) is a Soviet supersonic carrier borne multi−role STOVL fighter. It operates with lift engines in the forward fuselage and a vectoring nozzle on the main engine, placed well forward, between twin tail booms. The Yakovlev YAK−141 is powered by one MNPK 'Soyuz' R−79V−300 turbofan main engine and two RKBM RD−41 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.7 and a maximum range of 700 km typically. Armaments consist of one Gryazev−Shipunov GSh−30−1 30 mm cannon and up to 2600 kg of disposable stores carried on five hard points, one under the fuselage and four under the wings.
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YAK−15 The Yakovlev Yak−15 ('Feather') was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft first flown as a prototype in 1946 and produced from 1946 to 1948. The Yak−15 was powered by a RD−10 (Junkers Jumo 004 B) turbojet providing a top speed of 785 kmh and a range of 740 km. Armaments consisted of two 23 mm cannons.
YAK−17 The Yakovlev Yak−17 was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft probably initially developed as a two−seater trainer, and first flown in 1947 and based upon the earlier Yak−15. The Yakovlev Yak−17 was powered by a RD−10A (Junkers Jumo 004 A) turbojet providing a top speed of 830 kmh and a range of 740 km. Armaments consisted of two 23 mm cannons.
YAK−18
The Yakovlev Yak−18 (Max) is a Soviet two−seater trainer aircraft. The Yak−18 entered service in 1948 replacing the Yakovlev UT−2. One ZMDB Progress AI− 14RF radial piston engine provides a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 700 km.
YAK−18T The Yakovlev Yak−18T (Max) is a Soviet two−seater trainer aircraft. The Yak−18T entered service in 1974. One VMKB M−14P radial piston engine provides a top speed of 295 kmh and a range of 900 km.
YAK−23
The Yakovlev Yak−23 ('Flora') was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft produced in 1947 as a significant improvement on the earlier Yak−17 and Yak−15 fighters, and was the first Soviet fighter aircraft to be fitted with an ejector seat.. The Yakovlev Yak−23 was powered by an RD−500 (license−built Rolls−Royce Derwent V) turbojet providing a top speed of 950 kmh and a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of two 23 mm cannons.
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YAK−25 The Yakovlev YAK−25 (Flashlight) was a Soviet two−seater all−weather interceptor in service from 1954 until the mid 1970's. The Yakovlev YAK−25 was powered by two Mikulin MNPK 'Soyuz' RD−9 turbojets providing a top speed of 1090 kmh and a maximum range of 3000 km. Armaments consisted of two Nemenov−Suranov−Rikhter−Gribkov N−37 37 mm cannons in the underside of the forward fuselage
YAK−28 The Yakovlev YAK−28 (Firebar) was a Soviet two−seater all−weather interceptor in service from 1962 until the 1990's. The Yakovlev YAK−28 was powered by two MNPK 'Soyuz' R−11F turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.88 and a maximum range of 925 km fully laden. Armaments consisted of up to 800 kg of disposable stores carried on four under−wing hard points, typically comprising two AA−3 'Anab' medium range air−to−air missiles and two AA−2 'Atoll' short range air−to−air missiles.
YAK−30 The Yakovlev Yak−30 was a Soviet single−seater fighter aircraft prototyped in 1948 as a rival to the Mig−15 fighter, but never produced. The Yakovlev Yak−30 was powered by an RD−500 (Rolls−Royce Derwent V) turbojet providing a top speed of 1025 kmh and a range of 1500 km. Armaments consisted of three 23 mm cannons.
YAK−36MP
The Yakovlev YAK−36MP (Forger−A) is a Soviet shipboard VTOL air defence and strike fighter aircraft. It has a top speed of 1042 kmh and a tactical radius of 320 km. It is armed with four under−wing pylons capable of holding 1000 kg of bombs, rockets, guns, rocket pods or infra−red homing air−to−air missiles.
YAK−38 The Yakovlev Yak−38 (Forger) is a Soviet single−seater carrier−borne STOVL attack warplane developed from the Yak−36MP. The Yak−38 entered service in 1976 and is powered by an MNPK 'Soyuz' R−27V−300 turbojet providing a top speed of 1000 kmh and a range of 370 km typically. The Yakovlev Yak−38 carries no fixed armaments but up to 2000 kg of disposable stores on four under−wing hard points.
YAK−40
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The Yakovlev Yak−40 (Codling) is a Soviet short−range light transport aircraft that entered service in 1968. The Yak−40 is powered by three ZMDB Progress AI−25 turbofans providing a top speed of 600 kmh and a range of 2000 km. The Yak−40 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 32 passengers or 2720 kg of freight in the cabin.
YAK−42 The Yakovlev Yak−42 (Clobber) is a Soviet medium−range commercial transport Aeroplane that entered service in 1978 based on the Yak−40. The Yak−42 is powered by three ZMDB Progress D−36 turbofans providing a top speed of 810 kmh and a range of 1300 km fully laden. The Yak−42 carries a flight crew of two or three and up to 120 passengers or 12800 kg of freight in the cabin.
YAK−50 The Yakovlev Yak−50 is a Soviet single−seater advanced aerobatic trainer aircraft. The Yak−50 was first flown in 1975 and entered service in 1977. One VMKB M−14P radial piston engine provides a top speed of 420 kmh and a range of 495 km.
YAK−52
The Yakovlev Yak−52 is a Soviet two−seater primary flying trainer aircraft. The Yak−52 entered service in 1979 as a replacement for the YAK−18. One VMKB M−14P radial piston engine provides a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 550 km.
YAK−55 The Yakovlev YAK−55 is a Soviet single−seat aerobatic competition aircraft. It is powered by a 360 hp Vedeneev M−14P nine−cylinder radial air−cooled engine giving it a top speed of 320 kmh. The YAK−55 made its debut at the 1982 World Aerobaric Championships at Spitberg, Austria.
YOKOSUKA D4Y The Yokosuka D4Y Suisei was a Japanese single−seat carrier−based dive bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The Yokosuka D4Y2 was powered by a 1400 hp Aichi Atsuta 32 12−cylinder inverted Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 550 kmh and a range of 1465 km. Armaments consisted of two forward−firing 7.7 mm Type 97 machine−guns, one trainable 7.92 mm machine−gun in the rear cockpit and 560 kg of bombs.
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YOKOSUKA K5Y
The Yokosuka K5Y was a Japanese two−seat intermediate trainer biplane aircraft of the Second World War first flown in December 1933, entering production in January 1934. The Yokosuka K5Y was powered by a 340 hp Hitachi Amakaze 11 9−cylinder radial piston engine providing a top speed of 212 kmh and a range of 1020 km. Armaments consisted of one fixed forward−firing 7.7 mm machine−gun and one trainable 7.7 mm machine−gun in the rear cockpit, and up to 100 kg of bombs carried on external racks.
YOKOSUKA MXY7 The Yokosuka MXY7 Ohka was a Japanese single−seat suicide attack aircraft developed in 1944. The Yokosuka MXY7 Model 11 was carried to its target by a Mitsubish G4M2 aircraft, and then released to glide in before firing its three Type 4 MK 1 solid−propellant rockets with a combined thrust of 800 kg to propel the high−explosive packed aircraft at 650 kmh into its target. The only success for the Yokosuka MXY7 was the sinking of the American destroyer USS Mannert L Abele in April 1945.
YOKOSUKA P1Y The Yokosuka P1Y (Ginka) was a Japanese twin engined, naval, land−based horizontal bomber, torpedo bomber and dive bomber of the Second World War, designed in 1940. It was armed with two 20 mm Oerlikon cannons, one in the front and one at the rear and had a bomb bay capable of carrying a single 880 kg torpedo or two 250 kg bombs. It had a maximum speed of 570 kmh and a service ceiling of 9150 meters.
YS−11 The NAMC YS−11 is a Japanese short/medium−range medium transport aircraft in service since 1965. The NAMC YS−11 A−300 is powered by two Rolls−Royce Dart RDa.10/1 Mk 542−10K turboprops providing a top speed of 470 kmh and a range of 1090 km fully laden. The NAMC YS−11 A−300 carries a crew of two and up to 60 passengers or 6170 kg of freight in the cabin.
ZAFAR 300 The Zafar 300 is an Iranian attack helicopter based upon the American Bell 206A Jetranger utility helicopter, adapted for a military gunship role. It is armed with a General Electric GAU−2B/A Minigun rotary six−barrel machinegun in an under−nose turret, and disposable stores on two hard points. The Zafar 300 is manned by a crew of two comprising a pilot and gunner seated in tandem.
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ZEKE Zeke was the Allied code name for the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M (Zero) fighter of the Second World War.
ZERO See "Mitsubishi A6M"
ZLIN Z−142 The Zlin Z−142 is a Czech two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft first flown in 1978, entering service in 1980. The Zlin Z−142 is powered by an Avia M 337 AK inline piston engine providing a top speed of 333 kmh and a range of 950 km.
ZLIN Z−42 The Zlin Z−42 is a Czech two−seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft first flown in 1967, entering service in 1968. The Zlin Z−42 is powered by an Avia M 137 inline piston engine providing a top speed of 230 kmh and a range of 800 km.
ZLIN Z−526 The Zlin Z−526 is a Czech two−seat primary trainer aircraft first introduced in 1948. A single Walter Minor 6−III six−cylinder inline 160 hp piston engine provides a top speed of 238 kmh and a range of 980 km with fitted drop tanks.
ZU−23 The ZU−23 is a Russian 23 mm calibre auto−cannon mounted on Mi−24 Helicopters and Su−25 attack jets. It has a muzzle velocity of 970m/s and can pierce 30 mm of armour at 500 meters. It was designed in the 1940s and has become the standard gun mounted in Russian jet aircraft. The ZU−23 is also used as a towed anti−aircraft gun, with two cannons mounted on a carriage.
ZUIUN See "Aichi E16A1"
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