, BnaAHMHp ,ll;HMHTpHjeBHh OKlIEBETAHM CBETAU / BlIA,ll;MKA
BJIaAWMWp ,IJ;WMwTpwjeBwh
M CPEO<1>OEMJA
HMKOlIAJ
113gaea'i lIHo, fOplbH MHnaHOBa~ 3a u3gaea'ia Cno60AaH
06paAOBHh
OKJIEBETAHJ1 CBETAQ
YpegHuK U3ga1ba JOBaH Cp6YJb Pe/,{eH3eHiUu
IIpeApar
P. ,ll;parHh KHjYK
EOlliKO 06paAOBHh
BJIa1J;HKaHHKOJIaj
IIpellOM
H cp6o<}Jo6Hja
AneKCaHAap
MnqHh
TupaJIC 500 IUiUaMua CBeTnocT,
qaqaK
ISBN 978-86-83697-40-3
HacnOBHa (BnaAHKa HHKonaj
cTpaHa: HKOHa EojaHa MHJbKOBHha 6narOCHJba
J!J.IO,2007.
HapoA 27. MapTa 1941. rOAHHe)
! I',
/,
, ~ 3amTO OBa KIbHra? CBeTH HHKolIaj II
!
)l(H'lKH
i
BH:n;e KJbyqHY rrpenpeKY
,\
jH o:n; CBOjHX CBeTocaBCKHX
,/
Ben :n;eQeHHjaMa npe:n;CTaBJba je:n;HY o:n;rnaBHHX
MeTa Hana:n;a CBliX cp6o
lbeH
KojH ynpaBo
Y nOKYlllajy
H CBeTOlIa3apeBCKHX
QHJb je :n;anOKCl)l(e BpCTe Hana:n;a KojHMa
alIH H IbHXOBY KpajlbY 'lHlbeHHQaMa.
He:n;06pOHaMepHOCT
)l(HBenH
nocTojH!) MMa
HeKHX KOjH cMaTpajy
cy He:n;OCTojHe o:n;rOBopa.
06e36e:n;HlIH KojH HeKa
Y H31ICl)l(eIbY OBe KIbHre
Kpajy
cy rrpaBOClIaBHH
rrYJlaQHjy.
CY)l(elIelIH HM focrro:n;
XpHlIInaHH
:n;a OCTaHY aHOHHMHH. CTOCTPYKO Y3BpaTH! AYTOP
3anHcao
31I0'lHHQH
re6elICOBCKH npeTBapajy
Haj:n;aHoBHn,
QPKBY rrpeMHorH
caMO Ha 6pojHY,
HerrpHjaTeJb,
opraHH30BaHY,
je, 360r
CTH o:n; KojeKaKBor
OJlOllia.
MHorH
HHKorOBHnH,
npaBOCJlaBJbe
Hallie
CHary • .AJrH je cJla60crn,
H TpnJbelba,
:n;O)l(JiBJbaBaJlO Te-
H naKOCTH, H MHore
)1,pyre ra:n;o-
H MOpaJlHH
ca npe3pelbeM.
rrO'leB o:n;op:n;HHapHHXHOBHHapCKHX
rrHCKapaJla)1,o
rOMHlIe,
CKpHaBHJlH
CBHM :n;aHallIlbHM
nO'leB o:n;npOCTaKa 1I.0MHor06pojHliX
Hallie
CBeTHlbe.
BapBapCTBOM
H nceB)1,OKYlITypHor
HOCTH, nceB)1,OHayqHe
3aTO MopaMO
H QHHH3MOM,
cH06H3Ma,
Ha
CBojy CMeJlOCT, HaCpTJbHBOCT,
H3a3HBa'lKH,
nceB)1,OKynTypHe
rra H He
3a6J1y:n;a je THX
MeXaHH'lKY
je HHTeJleKTyaJlHH
Ha OBY CTpaHY KO'lOnepHO,
Ha
CBeTCKor paTa,
'lHlbeHHQY,
H HJlY3Hjy
CBor nYTalba
lIIKe YBpe:n;e H KJleBeTe, BeJlHKa rrOHH)I(eiba
jep
Koje cJlY)I(e 3a MaHH-
ca Te CTpaHe.
H TajHH H jaBHH, H3rpal)yje
:n;PCKOCT.IIpaBocJlaBJbe
cyjeTaMa
o:n;rOBapaTH,
nOHOBJbeHe lIa)l(H
3a HeKY 6e3Ha'lajHY
pa:n;y ca OTrropOM
lIITO :n;03BOJbaBaMO MaKap
KynHHKa,
He Tpe6a
CTO nyn y "HCTHHe"
3a6J1y:n;a H Hallia
norne)1,ao
Ha CBeTY (o:n; Ka:n;a CBeT
cMaTpajy
y CBOM pa30pHOM
Ha
YBeK H CBar:n;a HCTHHOM.
lIITO nOMHlllJbajy
Kojoj
He3aCHOBaHOCT
CTpaHa H31I0)l(eHH nOKYllla-
A TO He CMeMO :n;03BOJlHTH. Kao lIITO je, rrpe )J;pyror )J;HMHTpHje
pa'lYHajy
3aTO OBa KIbHra.
31IaTOYCT H31I0)l(eH,
H eKCTpeMHY
:n;a Ha orrTY)I(6e
AlIH,
ce, l)aBOJbOM alIXeMHjoM,
H HallIY
HajBenH
MH CMO :n;Y)I(HH :n;ace 6paHHMO,
Hapo:n; Cp6CKH O:n;BO-
3aBeTa.
je )l(H'lKH
Y :n;06a lICl)l(H, ca MHorliX
jHMa :n;ace :n;OKa)l(e KaKO cy Cp6H
IIoMon
Y lbeMY H lberOBOM CTBapalIallITBY
:n;ace xpHlIInaHCKH
6e:n;HHK
MHorH
cy
CaM03BaHe
H:n;ejllHX 6ec-
je:n;HOM paCKpCTHTK
ca
ca HeYlby:n;HOCTHMa H rJIynHM
nceB:n;OJlH6epaJlHCTH'lKe
OrpaHH'le-
Ha)1,YTocTH:'
To je QHJb H OBe KIbHre:
:n;ace pacKpcTH
C Jla)l(jy!
focno:n;e,6J1aroCJlOBH! AYTOP Ha qacHe anOCTOJla IIeTpa
BepHre
2007.
7
6
IIATPMJAPX fABPMJIO
o CaAP)Kajy
- OAroBop
jeAHoM MOpa1JaHHHY -
KlbHra nOqHlbe HHKonajeBHM, Hep;aBHOOTKpHBeHHM TeKCTOM"TIaTpHjapx raBpHnO~ Y KOMe CBeTH Bnap;HKa nHllIe 0 naTpHjapxoBoM
H CBOMCTpa-
p;albY y ,D;axay (CBH KneBeTHHIJ;HTBpp;e p;a MY je TaMO 6HnO KaO y 6albH - na p;a BHP;HMOKaKO je Ta ,,6alba" H3rnep;ana). Y nOrnaBJbY "Bnap;HKa HHKonaj
t I
H HaIJ;HCTH"p;aje ce npernep; Op;HOCaXHTnepOBaIJ;anpeMa BenHKOM Cp6CKOM aHTHHaIJ;HCTH.Y nOrnaBJbY "Bnap;HKa HHKonaj H rpat)aHCKH paT': peq je 0
I
p;p)l(albY HHKonajeBoM npeMa p;oMahHM aKTepHMa CTpalliHe p;paMe Cp6CTBa
I,
y,D;pyrOM CBeTCKOMpaTY: t)eHepany ,D;pa)l(H, Hep;Hhy, JbOTHhy H KOMYHHCTHMa. "Bnap;HKa HHKonaj H 3anap;" rOBopH HaM 0 HHKonajeBoj Jby6aBH
I
npeMa CBeMYllITO je Ha 3anap;y xpHllIhaHCKO H OlliTpoj OCYP;HCBera llITO je 6e360)l(HHqKO; TaKot)e, BHP;Hce p;a XHTnep HHje 6HO cnyqajHa nojaBa, Hero KBHHTeceHIJ;Hja60roop;cTynHHllITBa
EBpone. Y nOrnaBJbY "CBeTaIJ;?" op;rOBa-
paMO Ha ocnopaBalba HHKonajeBe CBeTOCTH(Op; Tora p;a nH je OH MyqeHHK P;OTora p;a je "nyIIIHO"). UHJb nOrnaBJba "Cp6H H JeBpejH" je p;a nOKa)l(e KaKO Cp6HMa, qHjH je HHKonaj CBeTaIJ;,HHKap; HHje 6Hna CBojcTBeHa aHTHjeBpejcKa Mp)l(lba, a "Bajepopp;OBe KneBeTe" cy aHanH3a lberOBHX CTaBOBa H3HeTHX y KlbH3H "TIOTHcKHBalbe H nopHIJ;albe aHTHceMHTH3Ma / Cehalbe Ha Bnap;HKY HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha y caBpeMeHoj cpncKoj npaBocnaBHoj KynTypH': Bajepopp; je CBe KojH ce y Cp6CKOj UPKBH 6aBe )l(HBOTOM H p;enOM HHKonajeBHM onT~HO
3a KpHnToaHTHceMHTH3aM, na je H TeKCTnOTnHCHH-
Ka OBHXpep;OBa, "Cp6H H JeBpejH': CTaBJbeHHa cTy6 cpaMa. KlbHra TIpep;para J1nHha "CpnCKa TIpaBocnaBHa UpKBa H TajHa ,D;axaya" HMana je 3a IJ;HJb p;a npHKa)l(e KaKO naTpHjapx
raBpHno H CBeTH HHKonaj
BpeMe ,D;pyror CBeTCKor paTa npeTpnenH
)l{HqKH HHCY 3a
HHKaKBO MyqeHHllITBO, Hero je TO
MHT KojH cy npep;CTaBHHIJ;HUpKBe H3MHcnHnH pap;H lbHXOBor Y3p;H3alba y OqHMa Hapop;a. qHTanaIJ; he HMaTH MoryhHOCT p;a ce cYOqH ca MHor06pojHHM IJ;aMay jep;HoM HOBOMcBeTny. HeKa ce qyje H p;pyra cTpaHa!
qHlbeHH-
TH MH OlliTpO caBeTyjelli p;a HanHllIeM MeMoape 0 cBeMY llITO ce 36Hno ca MHOM H 6na)l(eHOnOqHBllIHM naTpHjapxoM raBpHnoM, TBOjHM 6nH)I(HM 3eMJbaKOM,y TOKYqeTHpH rop;HHe Hallier c~albcTBa
nop; HeMIJ;HMa.
)l{ao MH je llITO Te He MOry y IJ;enOCTHnocnYlliaTH.
qyjeM
p;a MHorH
Cp6H nHllIY MeMoape; na HeKa HX HeKa nHllIY. CaMO KO ce nop;YXBaTH Tora nocna Tpe6a p;a 3Ha p;a HHllITa HHje Te)l(e Hero nHcaTH 6ecnpHCTpaCHe MeMoape ca npOBepeHHM H TaqHHM epaKTHMa, Koja 6H KopHCTHna 6yp;yhHM nOKonelbHMa H HCTopHo-nHCIJ;HMa. AnH KaKO ce OBe rop;HHe 0 1)ypt)eBp;aHY HaBpllIyje p;BorOp;HllIlbHIJ;a op; CMpTH TIaTpHjapxa raBpHna, eBO H3na3HM y cycpeT TBOjOj )l(eJbH ca onHCOM caMO jep;He op; MHorHX p;paMaTHqHHX HohH Koje CMO3ajep;Ho npO)l(HBenH y noropy
,D;axay. HeKonHKO nOTe3a caMO, KonHKO 3a KapaKTepHCTHKY Tpeher
no pep;y TIaTpHjapxa CpnCKor op; 06HOBJbelba Hallie TIaTpHjapllIHje,
H TO Y
BpeMeHY CBeHapop;Hor CTpap;alba H Myqelba.
* * * Hallia
6apaKa 6Hna je p;yra 100 MeTapa. Y lbOj je 6Hno JbYP;HCBaKor
HMeHa H n03HBa, op; qYBeHor p;p HHMenepa H p;Ba MHHxeHCKa MOHCHlbopa P;Ojep;Hor Hallier MaKep;OHCKorHOBHHapa, KOjH je CTanHHM nnaqeM 6HO 3ap;06HO peTKY npHBHnemjy
p;a cn060p;HO llIeTa no XOp;HHIJ;HMaH p;a pa3rOBapa
ca CTpa)l(apHMa. JOlli H p;a nopyqyje
H p;06Hja H3 MHHxeHa neqeHO KeCTelbe
H KHKHpHKe, llITO ce CMaTpano y noropy
BpXOBHOMnocnaCTHIJ;OM.
Kap; nOqellIe aMepHKaHCKH aBHOHH 3yjaTH H3Hap;,D;axaya, CKOpOH3 HOhH y Hoh, Mano Mano na qyjelli BHKY CTpa)l(apa H3 xop;HHKa: "Anne ayc" (CBH HanOJbe). TaKo jep;He HohH Kap; je nap;ao MOKap CHer nOBHKallIe: Anne ayc! Moja henHja 6Hna je Tpeha p;o TIaTpHjapxoBe.
Balli Tap;a TIaTpHjapx je HMao IJ;p-
BeHH BeTap H ne)l(ao je y nOCTeJbH.BonecT 3apa3Ha. HHKO MY ce HHje CMeo npH6nH)I(HTH OCHMOHor KOje H caM )l(eneo YMpeTH. A 6Hno je H TaKBHX. Ko rop; je npona3Ho nopep; lberOBe henHje CTaBJbaOje MapaMY Ha YCTa H HOC,p;a ce He 3apa3H. liTO '10BeK KYJITYPHHjH TO nnallIJbHBHjH TH. JIoropcKH neKap, p;p 06epMajep,
op; sapase H CMp-
KojH je npernep;ao TIaTpHjapxa, 6HO je
3aHCTa XYMaH qOBeK. OH MH je caMO peKao p;a he TIaTpHjapx MyqHo MohH npe60neTH. "UpBeHH BeTap y lberOBHM rop;HHaMa P;OHOCHcHrypHY CMpT:' - Anne ayc! nOHaBJballie ce CTpa)l(apCKa BHKa. - IIITa je oneT cap;? ynHTa Me 60necHHK H3 nOCTeJbe. - BHqy p;a H3na3HMO CBH.
8 _ K(l)I{H TH IbHMa, ja HM oenH He H3al)OX, na Aa he Me caA y6HTH. (lIaTpHjapx je A06po rOBopHO rpqKH, PYCKH H cppaHqYCKH,a ga HeMaqKH ja caM MY cn)')KHO Kao npeBOAHnaq.) Ja TO npeBeAOX KOMaHAHpy CTpa)l(e. A Taj 6ewe HeKH MH3aHTpon H3 IIlTpac6ypra,
I r
He 6H rp06, na cnaTKO Aa YMHpaM! HOpBe)l(aHHH Kao Aa pa3YMeAe, na he pehH Y wanH: - JIeno je OBaKOY APYWTBY YMpeTH, jeAaH AO Apyror, 6Hhe HaM TonnHje yrp06y! 3aHCTaje 3arOHeTaH anH He peAaK XYMOP JbYAHnpeA oqHrneAHOM CMp-
- CBH Mopajy H3abH. HeMa oBAe H3y3eTKa.
hy. To HeMqH Ha3HBajy "fanreH
lIaTpHjapx HH Aa qyje. "Hehy H He-e-ehy! )J;OKTOpMH je npenopyqHo Aa ce TonnHM. OBa 6apaKa je HHaqe xnap;Ha, a OHH Me jow rOHe Hohac Ha CHer
HHKaKO MH HHje Hwno Y rnaBY 3awTO Hac HeMqH rypajy TaKBHX jaMa 6Hno je 6e36poj)
He MO)l(e H3na3HTH Ha xnaAHohy 6e3 onaCHOCTH no
- To je caCBHM jacHo. AKO naAHe Ha Hac 60M6a OBAeypynH,
PeqH MY HeKa ce OH He 6pHHe 0 MeHH Hero 0 ce6H. Ja oce-
haM Aa Hehy Hohac norHHYTH. CaqYBahe Me Eor a He OHa 6naTibaBa jaMa. KaneTall: Haj3aA, HeKa lIaTpHjapx OCTaHeHa CBOjpH3HK, anH BH MopaTe H3abH. Ho H OH He CMeOCTaTHTaKO caMO y KOWYJbH;Mopa 06yhH MaHTHjy
maCH: y
TOKYABa MMllYTa CBH neweBH Mopajy 6HTH H36aqeHH BaH. A MH xoheMo Aa MpTBa CpncKor lIaTpHjapxa H3nO)l(HMOy noropy (cBaKaKo H
oTorpacpHwy) J( nOKaJKeJ,toKao ){(PTBY Bamn aMepHKaHcKHx npHjaTeJba. - J1 nHcHqe 6H ce 3aqYAHne nYKaBcTBY JbYAH! roTace Morno npeA CHlIOM. Y'lK~CM() no Hapel)eIbY. lIaTpHjapx
OTnop CpnCKor lIaTpHjapxa.
OCTaY
TY jaMY CKJlalbana ce KynTypa p;Bap;eCeTOr BeKa p;a ce cnace OA :QHBHnH3a:QHje p;Bap;eCeTOrBeKa. WTO ce He
nOAaje onHcy. ~aj MeHe Y pynH ceAeo je jeAaH A06pH HOpBe)l(aHHH, AHpeKTop nnoBHA6e H3 Ocna. Ja MY wanHYX: - KOA Hac Cp6a Ka)l(e ce: rpMH Kao CBeTH J1nHja. OH MH OAwanHY:
- Y OBOMcnyqajy He rpMH CB. J1nHja Hero Py3BenT.
CaM0360r
Tora. JeBTHHKje HM je 3aKorraTH ra
MpTBa Hero neqHTH palbeHa. )J;OK MH TaKO hyhopHCMO y OqeKHBalbY CMpTH, HajeAHoM AH)I(e ce orpo-
) ,.-. \
:'
~
MaH nnaMeH H3HaA Hawe 6apaKe, KOjH OCBeTnHH Hawy jaMY· - EapaKa ropH! CBH nOBHKawe. Ja CKOqHXH xTeAOX Aa BHAHM lIaTpHjapxa. IIITpac6ypra
AnH 3nOqeCTH KOMaHAHp H3
rypHe Me Ha3aA H ApeKHY:
- Enaj6eH TpaHKHn anne HH BOTp nnaqe! Haj3aA 3ajaYKa CHpeHa. HanaA CBpweH. CBH nojypHCMO y 6apaKY· CpehOM HKje Topena Hawa 6apaKa Hero HeKaKBa 3rpaAa n03ap;H Ibe, na
heJlHjH, KaKO je H )l(eneo, a ja H3al)ox npeA KaneTaHOM Y MpaK H - Y jaMY· Y
HacTao je TYTaIb, TpecaK, YKpwTeHo ceBalbe, eKcnn03Hje,
HHKO He-
3HaTe, HeMqH cy HapOA npaKTHqaH H eKOHOMHqaH. 360r Tora OHH He Bone
H CTaBHTH KaMHnaBKY H KpCT H OCTana OAnK'lja lberOBor qHHa.
Kao WTO 'ohe, Hebe 6HTH BpeMeHa p;a ra MpTBa 06naqHTe. lIponHc
rAe HHMano HHje cHrypHHje Hero y 6apaqH.
he 6HTH palbeH, CBH heMo norHHYTH. J1 OHH he Hac 6p30 3aTprraTH OBOM 3eMJbOM WTO CTOjH OKO pyne. Y 6apaqH naK MHorH 6H 6HnH palbeHH OA OAnOMaKaqenHKa (cnnHTepc), na 6H HX Tpe6ano ByhH y 60nHHqy H neqHTH.
H OBa 6apaKa Kao BenHKH 06jeKaT 6Hhe CBaKaKOnorol)eHa H 3anaJbeHa.
nOrHHe,
y OBYjaMY (a
OHaj naMeTHH HOpBe)l(aHHH TO MH neno 06jacHH:
)l(HBOT, a Aa ja MOpaM OCTaTHAa ra ycnY)l(yjeM. KaneTaH: JaBJbeHOMH je Aa he OBeHohH 6HTH HajBehH Ba3AYWHH HanaA,
_ EYAH Eor C KaMa, caA H TO! J1 Ha IDTO TO?JIa1<we MH je ne)l(aTH OBaKO
XYMOP" (XYMOp nOA BewanHMa).
* **
H KHWY, Y OHY6naTibaBY jaMY· Hehy!" )J;03Bawe KaneTaHa 6apaKe. Ca MapaMOM Ha YCTHMa noqe Me nHTaTH.
pa3AeBeH. Hero caMO )l(ene Aa Me .Myqe. 8fiJlKOB~H H HHKorOBHHe! KaneTaH Me nOByqe AaJbe y XOAHHK H 06jacHH: aKO lIaTpHjapx
Kp03 jeqalbe
I
3YMJbHB Kao Aa rOBopH KHHeCKH. OH ce AaKne caB 3aqpBeHH OAjapocTH, na nOBHKa:
lIaTpHjapx:
Y MpaKY HeKO Me YXBaTH 3a KoneHa. Haw MaKeAoHaq.
nporoBopH: - AMa, 3ap .TYAa YMpeMo, AeAo? Ej, CKonje, MHno CKonje, WTO MH TH
KojH je Mewao HeMaqKe peqH ca cppaHqycKHM Aa je 6HO Hepa-
PeKOX MY Aa lIaTpHjapx
9
ce nnaMeH nOBHjao, Te ce HaMa qHHHnO Aa 6apaKa rOpH, Ep30 Aol)ox P;OlIaTpHjapxa. - JeCHnH )l(HB, COKone? ocnOBH Me OH npBH. - XBana Eory Te CTe BH )l(HBH, Bawa CBeTocTH. lIaTpHjapx
je y6p30 nOTOM 03p;paBHo, Ha qYAO neKapa H CTpa)l(apa. Ca-
MO CHna Ayxa, Bepe H MonHTBe, YKpenHna ra je H 0Ap)l(ana.
* * * CYTpaAaH ce Haw MaKeAoHaq wenypHO no XOAHHKY KaO,naYH H Kp03 nnaq rOBopHO:
10 - He JIJiIja 360pJiIM, MOpJiI, JiIMaBora, BJiIAehy ja Moje CKorrje! M rrpJiIqao HaM KaKO ce CBa 6apaKa AJiIBJiInaTpJiIjapxy 360r lberOBor OAJIyqHor JiIHeyCTpamJiIBOr CTaBa rrpeMa HeMQJiIMa. A1IJiIHaM HeMQJiI TO HJiICYOrrpOCTJiIJIJiI.MeHe cy OTepaJIJiI y heJIJiIjy Mpaqlbaqy 6e3 rrp030pa. naTpJiIjapxa
M TaKO cy Hac AP:>KaJIJiIpa3ABojeHe
I f
PacnynHHa 11;0 KpHnTOXHTJIepODn;a (Hana1l;H Ha CD. HHKOJIaja )l(H1J:KOr)
011;
~ r"
I
rrpOTJiIBlbelbe BJIaCTJiI':
0'
~;
* * *
,t
Aa caM ja rrpe paTa JiIMaO HaqeJIHJiIX pa3MJiIMOJiIJIa:>Kelbaca naTpJiIjapxoM
CJIaBHe QPKBe. 360r
npBonpeCTOJIHHK
Tora, HeKa ra ce CBH Cp6JiI cehajy
MOJIJiITBOM,Aa MY rocrroA Aapyje He6ecHo CJIaBHHXrraTpJiIjapaxa
Jom AOKje 6JiIO jepoMoHax,
ra-
BpJiIOM,mTO HJiIje HJiIKaKBa TajHa. Ho MOry TJiIrrOCBeAOqJiITJiIOBO: 3a qeTJiIpJiI rOAJiIHe CY)l(alLCTBa nOA HeMQJiIMa naTpJiIjapx faBpJiIJIO ce nOKa3ao npaBH
.A'
Mel)y Cp-
6JiIMa. TaKo je KpcTa QJiIQBapJiIh, ypeAHJiIK JIHCTa "BaJIKaH" (10. arrpJiIJI 1915) Harrao HJiIKOJIaja 3aTO mTO je oBaj peKao Aa je HaYKa "CBeTJIOCT rroA JIOHQeM': JiIAa je CBeTCKJiIpaT rrJIOA qJiIlbeHJiIQe Aa je KYJITypHO qOBeqaHCTBO ce6JiI 3a
JiI C
BOl)y Y3eJIO HaYKY. QJiIQBapJiIh OQYHHKOJIajy rropyqyje:
QapcTBo Meljy qeTpAeCeT ApyrJiIX
"E, oqe HJiIKOJIa, He-
heMO Bac rrOCJIymaTH! OCTaheMO JiIAalbe KOAHarne C8eWllOCWU Clog lloHu,eM,
JiIMJiIJIJiIOHeCJIaBHJiIXMyqeHJiIKa cprrcKHx.
~
CB. HHKOJIaj )l(HqKH (AMepHKaHCKJiI Cp606paH, rrpoJIehe
HJiIKOJIaj je CMeTao CBJiIMaOHJiIMaKOjJiIcy y
lbeMY BJiIAeJIJiIorraCHOCT rro mJiIpelbe 6e360:>Kja JiI6e3AymHJiImTBa
CpnCKe npaBO-
C rromTOBalbeM
BJIaAHKY HJiIKOJIaja HarraAaJIJiI cy MHOrJiI - JiI3a :>KJiIBOTa,JiIrrOCJIe CMpTH. HJiIje HJiIqYAO. Jep, aKO cy XpJiICTa rocrroAa, BarrJIoheHY Jby6aB BO:>KJiIjy, rOHJiIJIJiI,rOHJiIhe JiI IheroBe cJIeA6eHJiIKe; aKO cy CBeQe BO:>KJiIjeOMP3HYJIH, BOrOqOBeKa cy OMP3HYJIJiIrrpe lbJiIX (JH 15, 18).
MOpaqaHJiIHe. Ha 3aBpmeTKY MOry TJiIpehJiI
qOBeK, BeJIHKH Cp6HH H AocTojaHcTBeH
3HAK IIPOTMB KOrA CE rOBOPM
I
48 CaTJiI: 60JIeCHOr
6e3 YCJIyre a MeHe 6e3 CBeTJIOCTJiI.To HaM je 6JiIJIa Ka3Ha ,,3a
TaKO je TO 6JiIJIO, MOj Apam
11
1952. rOAJiIHe)*
"
a BJiIJiIAJiITerra Tpa:>KHTe CBeTJIOCTHa MCTOKY!" HJiImKO "OCJI060I)elbe"
OA 8.
aBrycTa 1915. Ha3BaJIO ra je jeAHJiIM
JiIrropeAJiIO, HJiIMalbe HJiIBJiIme, Hero ca PacrryhJiIHOM. BeCeJIJiIH
M. BYKJiIheBJiIhje, y "HOBOj EBpOrrJiI" 11. HOBeM6pa 1921, rropyqJiIBaO Aa "peBOJIYQJiIOHapHaIlIYMaAJiIja 3Ha BpJIO Ao6po Aa je r. BeJIJiIMJiIpOBJiIhy cymTJiIHJiI KOHTpapeBOJIyQJiIOHap" KOjJiI"rrpOJiI3BOAJiIBpTOrnaBJiIQY KOAcJIa6JiIx YMoBa". MJiIJIaH BorAaHOBJiIh, KlbJiI:>KeBHJiI KpJiITJiIqap KOjJiIje rrpe ):(pyror CBeTCKor paTa rrpemao y JiICJIaM,JiIqHjJiI HaCJIeAHJiIK,BorAaH BorAaHOBJiIh, TJiITOBapXJiITeKTa JiIHer));a qJIaH QK CK Cp6JiIje, HaCTaBlba));a yqecTByje y xajKaMa Ha )l(JiIqKor 3JIaToycTa, rOBOpJiIO je 0 CTJiIJIYBJIa));JiIKeHJiIKOJIaja Kao ,,6JIecKY JIa:>KHOr MeTaJIa': a rrOCJIe HJiIKOJIajeBe CMpTJiIce qaK XBaJIJiIOKaKO je OH, 6e36o:>KHJiIK, 6paHJiIO rrojaM Bora 0)); HJiIKOJIajeBJiIX3JIoyrroTpe6a ("nOJIJiITJiIKa': 11. aBrycT 1963). HJiIKmJiIhKa "CJI060));Ha MJiICaO" (25. 12. 1938) ra je OIlTY:>KJiIBaJIaAa CBeTocaBcKY
QPKBY "TyljoM cMjepHJiIQoM YBO));JiIy rrYHY orracHocT':
XaI,IJiI-To));op ):(JiIMJiITpJiIjeBJiIh y peBJiIjJiI"Hame lbJiIqJiIHJiIKOJIaja));a je 3a BpeMe npBor
ceJIo" (28. oKT06ap
HeKJiI
1938) CYM-
CBeTCKor paTa y EHrnecKoj JiIAMepJiIQJiI
Kpao rrape ));aTe 3a Cp6CKJiI QpBeHJiI KpCT. Y AMepJiIqKoj "CJI060));Hoj
peqJiI"
pacrrorr ):(peHOBaQ, O));Max rro ));OJIaCKYTJiITa Ha BJIaCT y Beorpa));y, Harrao je BJIa));JiIKYHJiIKOJIaja 360r rOBopa "HaQJiIOHaJIJiI3aM CBeTOr CaBe': JiIrrpBJiI ra, 0)); CBJiIXKojJiI he TO pa));HTJiI));0 ));aHa ));aHamlber, orrTY:>KJiIO3a KpJiIrrTOXJiITJIepJiI3aM. ):(peHOBaQ, JiI3));ajHJiIKQpKBe JiIBepe, Ta));a je peKao ));a HJiIKOJIaj rrpo•••OBaj TeKCT je OTKpHO BpeAHH
HCTp
r. )l(eJbKO JenHn. XBana
MY 360r
Tora!
rrOBe));a ,,<pamJiICTJiIqKOrBora". EBO QJiITaTa: "JYHaqKa OCJI060));JiIJIaqKa BojcKa
13
12 no,ll; BOI)CTBOMMapWana THTa ,lI;OHenaje HapO,ll;HMaJyrocnaBHje ocn0601)e1be.
MHpKO 1)opl)eBHIi H BemTHHa KpHBoTBOpelba
JyrocnaBHja je paTOM OnYCTOWeHa, KpB7bY HaTOn7beHa H CY3aMa 3anHBeHa. IIYCTOW, KPB H CY3e npOY3pOKOBaO je Y JyrocnaBHjH
,[(a nOTnHCHHK OBHX pe,ll;OBaHMa BHwe KIbH)I(eBHOr ,lI;apa, OH 6H O,ll;HOC
XHTnep, KOra je enHCKOn HHKonaj ynope,ll;HO ca CBeTHTe7beM,reHHjeM H xepojeM. J1 ,lI;aHaCTaj
MHpKa 1)opl)eBHha
HCTHenHCKOn HHKonaj H,lI;eno aMepH'IKHM KaTe,ll;panaMaH no,ll; MaCKOM'ano-
"JIereH,lI;y 0 BeJIHKOM J1HKBH3HTOPY" ,[(ocTojeBcKor.
CTonCKe
CeBH7be, npe,ll; HaMa 6H ce Hawao Beorpa,ll; C Kpaja 20. H nO'leTKa 21. BeKa;
3eM7bYH Cnpe'laBa aKU;Hjy 3a nOMoh 60nHHMa, rna,ll;HHMa H ronHMa:'
YMecTo XpHcTa, YJIHu;aMa Beorpa,ll;a 6H, ,lI;O'leKaH O,ll;yweB7beHHM HapO,ll;oM,
.A,D;on
KOMYHHCTH cy Bna,ll;HKY Hana,ll;anH 6ecoMyqHO. MHwa
BpawHh,
areHT
npeMa BJIa,ll;HKHHHKOJIajy onHcao napa
KOpa'iaO CBeTH HHKOJIaj OXpH,lI;CKHH )l(H'IKH, XpHCTOB Cp6HH, a YMecTo
KOMHHTepHe, KOjH ce npe ,[(pyror CBeTCKor paTa YBYKao Kao HOBHHap y KPy-
BenHKor J1HKBH3HTopa, MpwaBor
rOBe CII:U;, TBp,ll;HOje ,lI;aje HHKonaj, Kao HeMa'iKH 3aTO'leHHK y Jby60CTHIbH,
1)opl)eBHh, ca O'lHMa Koje peTKo rne,ll;ajy y carOBopHHKa ..• MHpKO 1)opl)eBHh,
6HO rnaBHa ,[(pli)l(HHa Be3a ca JIOH,lI;OHOMH HenpHjaTe7bCKOMeMHrpaHTCKOM
BenHKH <1>anCH
Bna,ll;OM.Y 360PHHKY pa,ll;OBaca HayqHor cKyna nocBeheHor HOB-y y Kpa7be-
U;Hje JIHCn "Peny6JIHKa"
BY ~ OKonHHH (06jaB7beHOM 1985), H3BeCHH ,[(paroMHp MHTpOBHh BenH,lI;a
nO'leo ca naWKBHJIOM, Koja 6Hca,ll;p)l(aJIa H OBaKBepe'leHHu;e: "Haj'lewhe
je Bna,ll;HKa 6HO K7byqHH ,[(pa)l(HH capa,ll;HHK: "O,ll; npBor MOMeHTa HHKOJIaj
nOMHlbe HHKOJIajeBo 'MyqeHHwTBO' y BpeMe 60paBKa y noropy
je O,ll;p)l(aBaOBe3Y ca ,[(Pli)l(OM MHXaHJIOBHheM, ,lI;aBao MY caBeTe 3a opra-
CBH nO,ll;aU;HKOjH nocToje, YK7byqyjyhH H cehalbe caMor )l(H'IKOr npOnOBe,ll;-
HH3aU;Hjy H 6HO rnaBHH HHCTPYKTOp y lberoBoj
TaKTHU;H BepOJIOMCTBa H
H3,l1;ajeHapO,ll;HO-Ocn060,ll;HJIa'lKe 60p6e ... HHKOJIaj je 6HO je,ll;aH O,ll;rnaBHHX
H 6ne,ll;HX ycaHa, nojaBHo 6H ce MHpKO
HJIH "XeJICHHWKOr o,ll;60pa 3a 7by,D;CKanpaBa': H ce
,[(axay, aJIH
HHKa, He nOTBpl)yjy HHKaKBO MyqeHHwTBo ... To nereH,lI;apHo 'MyqeHHwTBo' je je,ll;HOCTaBHoy
nOKpeTa'la 3,l1;pY)l(eHeaKU;Hje CBHXpeaKU;HOHapHHXH KOJIa60paU;HOHHCTH'I-
THcHYTe HCTopHje - y BpeMe oKynaU;Hje je,ll;aH ,lI;eoenHCKOnaTa Hawe :U;pKBe
KHX CHara, IbHXOBe6op6e npOTHBY napTH3aHa, KOMYHHCTa,HapO,ll;HOrOTno-
je 6HO npHcTao Y3 He,ll;Hha, a Ka,ll;aje pe'l 0 cTaBY npeMa nporoHHMa
pa ..:' MHJIOW MHllHh,
cTBapH cToje jow Heyro,ll;HHje H TO je OHO0 'IeMY ce jow He rOBopH KO,ll;Hac.
KOMYHHCTH'IKH npB060pau; KojH he y HameM'Hapo,ll;y
JeBpeja
OCTaTHynaMheH Kao THTOB nOCJIYWHHKy YJI03H TY)l(Hou;a Ha MOHTHpaHoM
'Bor je nOCJIao HeMa'iKOM HapO,ll;yje,ll;HOr ,lI;aJIeKOBH,lI;Or
npou;ecy l)eHepaJIyMHxaHJIOBHhy,
TpHjapxoBoj H3jaBH 3a 'Miinchens
YJIora y BpeMe HOP-a
1941-1945"
y CBOM naM
neuseste Nachrichten'
- H MH BepyjeMo Ibe-
MY H lberoBoj HCKpeHoj pe'lH, a MHTpOnOJIHT JOCH
HHKOJIajy Ka)l(e ,lI;aje 6HO "nHcau; u;pKBeHHX 6ece,ll;ay CJIY)l(6H BepcKor <paHaTH3Ma': MHHHh nHwe ,lI;aje HHKonaj BepHH Capa,ll;HHKKBHCJIHHra - ,[(pa)l(e,
npena3aK JeBpeja Ha XpHwhaHCTBO, WTOje 3Ha'lHnO 3ane'lahHBalbe
IbHXOBe
He,ll;Hha, JboTHha, a ,lI;aje y H36ernHwTBY y CA,[( aKTHBHO BO,ll;HOKaMnalbY
- CBe,ll;O'leH pe'lH ,lI;OKTOpaX. TypHepa KOjH je jaB7baO XHTJIepy ,lI;aje 'y Cp-
CY,ll;6HHe0 'IeMY, YOCTaJIOM- ,lI;aHe 6HCMO HaBO,ll;HJIHOHO WTO je n03HaTO
npOTHB HOBe JyroCJIaBHje ... HHje OH,lI;aHH 'Iy,D;0 WTO cy KOMYHHCTHO,ll;Y3e-
6HjH jeBpejcKo nHTalbe peweHO'. BeJIHMHpOBHheB aHTHceMHTH3aM - H JIe
nH ,lI;p)l(aB7baHCTBOCBeTOM HHKonajy)l(H'IKOM
caMO lberOB - ce je,ll;HOCTaBHOnpehYTKyje ... BeJIHMHpOBHh je 6HO pe'lHTH
"O,ll;Y3HMaH>eAplKaBJbaHCTBa EnKcKony 1-3/1995);
(BH,lI;eTH:,lI;p,[(HMWO IIepHh:
HHKonajy~
"XpHwhaHCKa
MHcao':
yqHHHJIH cy TO 3aTO WTO je 6HO "npHna,ll;HHK npOTHBHapO,ll;He
nOJIHTH'IKe opraHH3aU;Hje '360p' H Kao Capa,ll;HHKoKynaTopa n06erao
H3 3e-
M7be npe,ll; ocn060I)elbeM ..:' (TaKo, no KOMYHHcTHMa, HCna,ll;a,lI;aje HHKOJIaj "n06erao"
y JIorop ,[(axay!)
,[(aKJIe,HHKOJIaj je 6HO H 'IeTHHK, H 7bOTHheBau;,H eHrneCKH areHT, H ca-
nponOBe,ll;HHK ,lI;eMarOrKOjH y CBOjHM6eCe,ll;aMa,Kao H KIbHraMa yonwTe, 'CBe 3aMelbyje BeJIHKHMonceHapCTBOM CHMBOJIaH CHrHana'. J1 ynpaBo TOMe- Toj nonYJIHCTH'IKoj YMeWHOCTH- OH H ,lI;yryje HajBHwe, ynpaBo Toj BeWTHHH OH ,lI;yryje H CBOjy nOCTXYMHYcnaBY H,lI;eOlIOranpOnOBe,ll;HHKay jeAHOM BpeMeuy - TO cy Ba)l(HH 3HaU;H BpeMeHa - Koje je TOMe norOAoBano BHwe Hero lUTO je TO 6HJIO paHHje, 3a )l(HBOTa BelIHKOr nponOBe,ll;JIHKa.•• OR ny60KO oceha
pa,ll;HHKHeMau;a, H U;pHopYKau;, H Kpa,ll;7bHBau;napa cp6CKor :U;pBeHor KpCTa,
;e KOA Jber& 'IOBeKOBY TecK06y y CBeTY, CBeCT0 'IOBeKoBoj He,ll;OB01LHOCTH
H PacnyhHH, H KOpMHJIap Cp6CKe :U;pKBeKa onaCHHM BO,ll;aMa..• J1 HapaBHO,
TpajHo Y3HeMHpeHa, aJIH TY TecK06y H TO 'CTau,e' OH HHKa;o;aHe ycneBa ;o;a HCKa)l(e TeOJIOWKHMHnH
"HapO,ll;HH HenpHjaTe7b': .. TaKo OH,lI;a.A ,lI;aHac?IIITa 0 lbeMY ,lI;aHaCBeJIe H,lI;eOJI03H"rpal)aHcKor ,lI;PYWTBa" H ",lI;pyre Cp6Hje"?
BHha 0 'npopOKY 'IHje je JIHu;e6Hno OKpeHYTO A3HjH' - u,erOBO onOHaDJaH.e 'eBpoa3Hjau;a' - 0 EBponH Koja je Tpyna H 6e3,D;yXa - je;o;HoCTaBHocyBapHja· U;Hje, ,lI;ocTa HeBeWTe, n03Harnx
MeCTa H3 P03eH6eprOBor 'Mwra
XX Ben· •..
15
14 H Y TeOJIOlllKOM H Y
Cp6a, 40 000 POMa H 20 000 JeBpeja YMopeHo y JaceHOBaqKOM JIoropy (,[(aBHA AJIKaJIaj: "CYA6HHa JeBpeja JyroCJIaBHje': "Ja);\ BallleM': 6HJITeH 6p. 405, oKT06ap 1959, CTp. 18):' KOjH cpncKH naTpHjapx je XBaJIHOXHTJIepa? lIaTpHjapx
BapHaBe, OH je AaT 1935, MHoro npe nOqeTKa ,lJ;py-
paTH Y qHTaBOM HCTOpHjCKOMOrJIeAY.CpehOM, nocToje 036HlbHe HCTOpHO-
HHTepBjyy naTpHjapxa
rpa
ror CBeTCKor paTa (naTpHjapx
IbHMa je H "fOJIrOTa CpnCKe lIpaBocJIaBHe
CBeTCKor paTa. Mel)y
QpKBe 1941-1945"
AP BelbKa
faBpHJIo? 360r
Tora ra je XHTJIep 3aTOqHO y ,lJ;axay, Kao CBor XBaJIHTelba?! AKO je peq 0 BapHaBa je, no CBeMY cYAehH OTpOBaH 360r
aHTHKOHKopAaTCKor CTaBa, YMPO 1937), H Y A06a KaA je XHTJIep rJIYMaTao "xpHlllhaHcTBo':
AJIH, HajBehH <paJICH
1)ypHha, Y KojOj ce jacHo BHAH Aa HeMQH yonlllTe HHCY MOrJIH Aa HaMeTHY 6HJIO KaKBY 036HlbHHjy capaAIbY ClIQ. BelIHKH
CTe Aa je MHTpOnOJIHT JOCH
He HaBOAH KOjH je TO Aeo enHCKonaTa npHcTao Y3 HeAHha, KaA CBeTH ap-
Ka)l(e MHJIaH PHCTOBHh y CBOjOj CTYAHjH "Y nOTpa3H 3a YTOqHlllTeM: jyro-
xHjepejcKH ca60p HHje XTeo Aa H3Aa HJIH nOTnHllle HHjeAaH lberOB aneJI 3a
CJIOBeHCKHJeBpejH y 6eKcTBY OA XOJIOKaycTa 1941-1945": "CKJIanalbe 6pa-
JeBpeja. EBO lllTa
60p6y npoTHB KOMYHHcTa (qaK HH npoTHB KOMYHHcTa, HaKO cY OHH 6HJIH
KOBa TOKOMpaTa Cp6a ca JeBpejHMa, Kao H nOKplllTaBalbe,
3JIOTBOpHQpKBe H HapoAa), HHTH je TO yqHHHO naTpHjapx faBpHJIO, HH Ibe-
3a6palbeHo HapeA60M HeMaqKOr BojHor 3anOBeAHHKa. YnpKOC TOMe, TaKBHX
6HJIO je TaKol)e
rOB 3aMeHHK MHTpOnOJIHTCKonCKHJOCH
CJIyqajeBa je 6HJIO. lIpe CBera YAaBaJIe cy ce JeBpejKe 3a Cp6e, a OBaKBe 6pa-
)l(eH Y 6eorpaACKOM fecTanoy 3a nOCJIOBeQpKBe, npeAJIaraO Aa ce HHTepHH-
KOBe cy CKJIanaJIH CBelllTeHHQH, 3aBOAehH y MaTHqHe KIbHre MJIaAY nOA JIa-
pa, jep je rJIaBHH BHHOBHHK naCHBHor OTnopa QpKBe npeMa oKynaQHOHHM BJIaCTHMa. Cp6CKHM enHCKonHMa HHje A03BOlbaBaHO Aa nYTyjy H CTaJIHO
)l(HHM HMeHOM... MarAa
cy lllnHjYHHpaHH.
Y JIoropy Ha EalbHQH je 6HJIO 38 CBelllTeHHKa ClIQ,
OA
Y3 A03BOJIY H3MolbeHY y lIaTpHjaplllHjH
OA BJIaAHKa KpYlba (HeKTapHja)
H
JOBaHa HJIHha, XHTHOje nOqeTKOM AeQeM6pa 1941. CKJIOnlbeH6paK JeBpejKe
KOjHX je 15 cTpelbaHo, 360r aHTHHaQHCTHqKOr CTaBa H capaAlbe CnOKpeToM
AHe IIIoTeH H AneKct\ KypToBHha ..:' ,[(aKJIe, HHje npeKplllTaBalbe
l)eHepaJIa MHXaHJIOBHha. IIITO ce nporoHa
BJIaAHKa JOCH
JeBpeja THqe, BJIaAa l)eHepaJIa
3a6paHHo
HeAHha HHje H3AaJIaypeA6y 0 TOMnporOHY, 3a pa3JIHKY OAlIaBeJIHheBe MOH-
cnaCaBaJIa JeBpeje OHOJIHKOKOJIHKOjoj je TO 6HJIO Moryhe. TypHepoBo
CTPYM-Ap)l(aBe, H 3JIOqHHYHHlllTelba JeBpeja y Cp6HjH Ha ce6e cy npeY3eJIH
nHCMO XHTJIepy 0 "pellleIbY" jeBpejcKor nJ{Talba HeMa HHKaKBe Be3e ca Cp6CKOMlIpaBocJIaBHOM QPKBOM.
HeMQH. EBO lllTa 0 TOMe Ka)l(e Hopa KoeH y CBOjOjKlbH3H "XOJIOKaycT: YHHlllTelbe eBponcKor JeBpejcTBa 1933-1945"
(Toman Kroul and comp): "lIocJIe
naK
HeMaqKOr oCBajalba JyroCJIaBHja je npeCTaJIa Aa nocTojH Kao Ap)l(aBa H lbeHO
IIITO ce THqe BJIaAHKeHHKOJIaja H lberOBor "aHTHceMHTH3Ma': Tpe6a Aa ce nOAceTHMO H norneAaMO qHlbeHHQe. Y Cp6HjH je 0A 1941. Ha CHa3H 6HJIa
npeApaTHo jeBpejcKo CTaHOBHHlllTBO OA OKO 75 000 H3AelbeHO je HOBHM ro-
HajcTpO)l(a 3a6paHa cKpHBalba JeBpeja, KOjy cy AOHeJIHHeMaqKH oKynaTopH.
cnoAapHMa/ .../ YHHlllTelbe cpncKor
JeBpejcTBa 6HJIO je 6p30/ .../ lIocTynaK
BOjHH 3anOBeAHHK Cp6Hje je 22. AeQeM6pa 1941. nponHcao
CMPTHY Ka3HY
je CKOpOCJIHqaH y6HjalbHMa y PYCHjH nYTeM AjH3aQ Tpyna, caMO lllTO cy y
3a CBa JIHQa Koja cKpHBajy JeBpeje, npHMajy HX Ha npeHohHlllTe,
Cp6HjH YJIore 6HJIe 06pHYTe. AjH3aQ Tpyne cy CnpeMaJIe )l(pTBe, a caMO y6H-
qYBajy IbHXOBe cTBapH. BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj, 6YAyhH nOA npHcMoTpOM oKyna-
jalbe cy H3BplllHJIe Tpyne peAoBHe BojcKe. lIpeTxoAHo
Topa y Jhy60CTHIbH, HHje ce 06a3Hpao Ha onaCHOCT Koja MY je npeTHJIa, H
cy lbYAe caTepHBaJIH
Y3HMajy H
y reTa/ .../ HajMalbe 6 000 jeBpejcKHx )l(eHa H AeQe H3 JIoropa y 3eMYHY 6HJIO
JIHqHO je cnacao ABe JeBpejKe, MajKY H hepKY. OH, HeMaqKH p06, cnacao je
je y6HjeHo raCOM y MeTaJIHHM OKJIOnHHMTepeTHHM B03HlIHMa. Y Majy 1942,
ABa )l(HBOTa Koja cy Morna CTpaAaTH y JIOrOpHMa!
npeypalbeHo,
RSHA je 6HO H3BelllTeH Aa je Cp6Hja OqHlllheHa OAJeBpeja/ .../
Y XpBaTcKoj
cy HaQHCTH TaKol)e nOCTHrJIH cBoje pelllelbe.
MapHoHeTcKa
Y 1)opl)eBHheBOM CTHJIY,qaK Aa HaM EH
TeOJIOmje': lIHlllyhH,
y CBOjOj KIbH-
Ap)l(aBa XpBaTcKa 06pa30BaHa je BeOMa 6p30 - 10. anpHJIa 1941/ .../ AHTe
)l(HQH "CJI060Aa H cnac" (no 06HMY, aJIH H no HHTeJIeKTyaJIHoj Ay6HHH, peq
lIaBeJIHh, OCHHBaqTepOpHCTHqKOr YCTalllKor nOKpeTa, nOCTao je nornaBHHK
je 0 KIbH)l(HQH naM
Ap)l(aBe/ .../ YCTallle cy 6HJIe <paHaTHQH,OAJIyqHo npeAaHH YHHlllTelbY H Cp-
HelllTO, Beh HeKO", a TO je "cTajahe MecTo" nepCOHaJIH3Ma (H3pa3 "cTajahe
6a H JeBpeja/ .../ JeAaH OA Haj3JIOrnacHHjHx JIoropa y XHTJIepoBoj EBponH,
MecTo" 03HaqaBa YCTalbeHY
Aa je 777 000
Aa JIHqHOCT,,6aQa H3a30B TBoPQY" (rAe ra 6aQa?); rOBopH 0 "BeJIHKoj TajHH
JaceHoBaQ, 6HO je y XpBaTcKoj/ .. .1 JeAaH H3BOp npoQelbyje
17
16 - MHcTepHjH" (a MHcTepHja je, CBaKaKO, HCTOllITO H TajHa). llo 1)opl)eBHhy,
H rrpHTOM rrpOBHHQHjaJIaQ H3 rraJIaHKe? J1JIH, .n;aje pe.n;aKQHja "Perry6JIHKe"
JbYACKaApaMa HMa, "peqeHO <1>aYCTOBHM peqHMa, rrpOJIor Ha He6y" (Te peqH HHCY <1>aYCTOBe, Hero feTeOBe, jep "llpoJIor Ha He6y" je HarrHcao feTe, a
06aBellITelbe
He <1>aYCT, KojH, Kao JIHK ApaMCKor crreBa, qaK HH He 3Ha .n;ace Taj rrpOJIor
MHTpOrrJIOJIHTJepoTej BJIaxoc: "J1cHxHja (6e3MOJIBHje. THxoBalbe) HMa cy-
o.n;Hrpao rrpe HO llITO je OH .n;OllIaoy .n;O.n;Hp ca MeqIHcToM). 1)opl)eBHh rrOMH·
0 iUuxoea1bY
.n;06HJIao.n;rrpaBor TeOJIOra,a He o.n;CBor qJIaHKO-
rrHCQa! EBO, Hrrp, KaKO THXOBalbe .n;ecpHHHllIeBeJIHKHeaBpeMeHH 60rOCJIOB, llITHHCKH 3Haqaj 3a qOBeKOBO OqHllIhelbe
H 3a lberOBO caBpllIeHcTBo,
Koje
yje.n;Ho 3HaqH H qOBeKOBOcrracelbe:' CBeTH fpHropHje
BOrOCJIOBJIaKOHCKH
YMeCTO HKoHoMHje (.n;OMocTpoja), 1)opl)eBHh rOBopH 0 "eKoHoMHjH crrace-
Ka)l(e: ,}loBeK Tpe6a .n;a6y.n;eMOJIqaJbHB(= iUuxoeaiUelb)
.n;a6H jacHo 6ece.n;HO
Iba"; rro lbeMY, Bepl}ajeB je, Kao .n;aje aHHMHp-.n;aMa "aHHMHpao cehalba~ a
ea BoroM H .n;a6H YM y.n;aJbHOo.n;rrpeJIallIheHHX:' KaKBe TO Be3e HMa ca 1)01'-
rrepCOHaJIHCTH cy "aHHMHpaJIH CBOjy cpe.n;HHY':.. 3a 1)opl}eBHha je MHcao
l}eBHheBOM BH3HjOM "THXOBalba y MYKaMa"?
Ha rpqKOM).
Ibe H ".n;HHaMHqHY cHary" (a ".n;HHaMHC" je HCTOllITO H cHaia,
CBeTor 3JIaTOYCTa"CTBapaJIaqKH KpeaTHBHa" llITO 3HaqH "CTBapaJIaqKH CTBa-
llocJIe OBora, CXBaTaMO.n;arrHcaQ .n;eJIa"CJI06o.n;a H crrac" HHllITa HHje
paJIaqKa': HT.n;.KaKBO MY je rr03HaBalbe HHjaHcH cp6CKor je3HKa, TaKBe cy
CXBaTHO.3a Ibera je H HCHxa3aM rrOBO.n;.n;arrpHqa rrOJIHTHqKY rrpHqy. H .n;a
MY H peqeHHQe, rryue 6aHaJIHHX KOMrrapaQHja, Kao llITO je rropel}elbe ecxa·
YCBojH HJIH 0.n;6Hje OHOllITO ce lberOBOM rrOJIHTHqKOMYKYCY cBHl}a HJIH He
TOJIOmje ca "qeTBpTOM .n;HMeH3HjoM': AJIH, oBaj rraMcpJIeTHCTa,KOjH CBeTor
cBHl}a. J1 TaKO HallI "cpHJI030cp rraJIaHKe" He 3Ha HH HCHxa3aM, HH CB. fpHro-
HHKOJIaja Cp6CKor rrpOfJIallIaBa rrOJIyrrHcMeHHM rrpOBHHQHjaJIQeM, BpxyuaQ
pHja llaJIaMY, HH errHCKorra HHKOJIaja. 1)opl}eBHha je HapOqHTO rroro.n;HJIO
CBora rrpOBHHQHjaJIH3Ma .n;OCTH)I(ey.n;HJIeTaHTCKOM"TeOJIOrHcaIbY': Koje JIH-
TO llITO rpqKH MHCJIHJIaQXpHCTO JaHapac (Kora OH, He3HaHO 3allITO, CTaJIHO
qH Ha TO "KaKO MaJIH llepHQa 3aMHllIJba yqelbe XpHllIhaHCTBa':
llHllIyhH
0
30Be "JaHapHCOM") HCTHqe CBeTor fpHropHja
llaJIaMY .n;aJIeKOH3Ha.n;,1)01'-
JIHqHOCTH,H HacTojehH .n;arrpHKa)l(e TeOJIOrHjy rrepCOHaJIH3Ma,1)opl}eBHh 0
l}eBHhy OMHJbeHOr,"CBeTOr" TOMe AKBHHcKor, KOjH, rro JaHapacy, HHje 3Hao
Bory, KOjH je CBeTa TpojHQa, H qOBeKY ca3.n;aHOMrro JIHKY TpojHQe, Ka)I(e:
3a rrojaM HecTBopeHHx EHepmja
,}loBeK-Oco6a-JIHqHOCT je.n;HHaHa ce6e rrpHMa .n;apMHJIOCTHUO eOlbU jegHe
BO)l(Hja, .n;aKJIe,eHepmja BO)l(Hja, TBapHa, cTBopeHa! YOCTaJIOM,1)opl}eBHheB
HaguepcoHanHe CiUpYKiUype Koja ce 30ee Eoi" (eBo HOBor "TeOJIOllIKOr OTKPKBelba": Bor je "Ha.n;rrepCOHaJIHaCTpYKTypa': HJIH Ka.n;ce Ha Cp6CKH rrpeBe.n;e,
H3JIa3 H H3JIeT H3 rraJIaHKe y EBporry 6HO je caMO .n;oBaTHKaHa. 3aTo OH caMO TO H TOJIHKO3Ha.
"Ha.n;JIHqHa rpal}a").
Hap01fHTO je "CTBapaJIaqKH KpeaTHBaH" 1)opl}eBKheB
.n;HcrrYT0 HCHxa3MY, y KOMe rrpaBH pa3JIHKY H3Mel}y ucuxa3Ma
U iUuxoeQ-
BO)l(HjHX, jep je TOMa yqHO .n;aje 6JIaro.n;aT
TaKo 6H, .n;aKJIe,BeJIHKH<1>aJICHcpHKaTop rOBopHo 0 HHKOJIajy Ha caCTaHKY pe.n;aKQHje "Perry6JIHKe': Koja MY je 1999. 06jaBHJIa rroMeHYTY KIbH)I(HQY
Ha rp~OM, ITa cy ce 1ba (a THXOBalbe je, Ha Cp6CKOM, HeTO llITO H ucuxuja KO.n;Hac HCHxaCTHHa3KBaJIH MOJIqaJIHHQHMaHJIH THXOBaTeJbHMa).EBO llITa
"CJI060.n;a H crrac': H 3a KOjy je peQeH3Hjy rrHcao jOllI je.n;aHo.n;rrpe.n;cTaBHHKa
je, rro 1)opl}eBHhy
(KojH ce, H3fJIe.n;a,HaqHTaO PajMOH.n;aMy.n;Hja H lberOBor
heBH rrpHcTyrrH cpHJIOCOcpHjH,TeOJIOmjH H aHTpOrrOJIOrHjH "rrJIo.n;Ho H H3a-
"Ha }leKXaCTH1fKH MHp H MHpOBaibe
30BHO peaJIH30BaHH': .. Y Toj KlbH3H ce HaJIa3e HaBe.n;eHepeqH 0 HHKOJIajy,
,,)I{HBoTa rrOCJIe)l(HBOTa") nrxoBalbe:
rro.n;ceha je.n;HaqellIha rrpaKca rr03HaTa no.n; J1MeHOMil4uxoeQ1be.
Y
M}"IHHM
TpeHyQJ1Ma J1JI}ly rrpe.n;CMpTHOM'lacy nocTojH ;enaH TpeH)'TaK Ka~a CPJlSJI1IKH 60JIOBH Kao .ria HecTaIIY HJtK ce 6apeM YMJIpe Ha Ha'UOl KojK oMoryhyje He1CUM8epHu~UMa
HallIe.
aOce6HO cY0lU:H1e ca 603JCQHC1COM caeifmow"y
~.u).O.l(HOCHOca nocneJl!bHM
(I10~JLe
HCTHHaMaI
OTKpJIBa-
"rpal}aHcKe
orrQHje': rrpocpecop qe.n;oMHp qyrrHh, TBp.n;ehH.n;acy 1)opl}eBH-
CMellITeHe Hcrro.n;HaCJIOBa"llorrYJIHCTHqKH 3aKJIOHJIHqHOCTH': Ha JIereH.n;y 0 BeJIHKOMJ1HKBH3HTOpy 6H Morao .n;aJIHqH rrpHKa3 1)01'l}eBHheBe "rrJIo.n;HeH H3a30BHe MHCJIH" .n;arrOTrrHCHHKOBHXpe.n;oBa HMa 6ap .n;eoTaJIeHTa ,!:{ocTojeBcKor. AJIH, rrOllITO ra HeMa, oCTaje HaM caMO .n;arrperrHllIeMO 1)opl}eBHheBe
CTaBOBe 0 CBeTOM HHKOJIajy, H .n;a.n;aMOrrOHeKH,
jy Y TOM upeAGMpTHOM qacy. Y ruM TpeHyIXHMa nDtOBalfla He tffle ce BHme HK pe'! MOJIHTBe;ep Wlpyjy H Te1IOH nyx na ey pe1W cyBHlJIse:' 3aMKanne
ycrrYTHH, KOMeHTap. A qHTaOQH HeKa caMH rrpocyl}yjy.
.l1aje HeKO o~ OJOOC 1<0;)1'l50pJ}eBHha c.MaTpajy KOPmPejeM 6orOGJIosn,a vrrao Ma1I:ap CBeTOf TOBaRa,IlaMacuma, H yu.eroooj ,l10fMatDWS4U, yMec'1'O ..Ha.m1ep-
H He.n;oyqeHoj, jaBHocTH cMaTpa 3a BpxYHcKor "cTpyqlbaKa H3 06JIaCTH QpKBeHKX rrHTalba" ITaqaK H "TeOpeTHqapa TeOJIOrHje" (MHJIaHKa Illarrolba-Xa-
COHaJIHeC'rpYKType~ cpea HCTmICKe 6orocnoBcxe HCTHHHTOMe. 0 CBeroj Tpo;mxx.
pe'1H 0 Dory .>KJmOMe J[
0 mAROM ;aB1baH>YHBa11Jlo!iefLYCmra 50-
)l(Jfjer, focnop;a XpHCTa, J1TaKO pe,uoM. KaI
Bepyjy III TeaJlOlDDr
KcnoBe.n;ajy! 3ap He 6M pelCao :n;aje 1)opt)eBHh npaBH :n;HJIeTaHTY TeononrjJl
1)opl}eBHh ce y HallIoj "rpal}aHcKoj':
I,mh, ",!:{aHac': 20-21.
jYJI
HHaqe rro MHoro qeMY He3HaBeHoj
2001). qOBeK ce "rrpOCJIaBHO" Harra.n;HMaHa CBeTo-
CaBJbe,Kao .n;OKTpHHYKOjy HaM je, BeJIH OH, HaMeTHYJIa PyCKa 3arpaHHqHa QpKBa, aJIH H rropel}elbeM .n;ecrrOTa1)ypl)a BpaHKOBHha ca CJI060.n;aHOMMHJIOllIeBHheM, caMO 3aTO llITO My.n;pH Cp6CKH .n;ecrrOTHHje XTeo .n;arrOllIaJbe
18
19
cBoje ~eJIeraTe Ha nperOBOpe
C nanl1CTl1Ma Y l1peHn;l1 l1 epapl1, Ka~a je
3a6JIl1CTaO aTJIaHT TIpaBOCJIaBJba, CBeTl1 MapKO EeCKl1.1)opl)eBl1h je ~ecnoTa 1)ypl)a npOmaCl10 npeTe'IOM Ml1JIOllIeBl1heBOr l130JIan;l10Hl13Ma l1 aHTl13a".D:aHac': 5-6. e6pyap 2000).
na~He nOJIl1Tl1Ke (BuUle og Upa80ClIa8lba, TI03HaT je 1)opl)eBl1h Tor MapKa,
1)opl)eBl1h
ce, TaKol)e, npaBl1 ~a He 3Ha 0 'IeMY rOBOpl1 BJIa~l1Ka Hl1KO-
JIaj. Haj60Jbl1 je npl1Mep CTaJIHO Hana~albe
l1 no TOMe llITO He npl13Haje CBeTOCT Beh nOMeHY-
Ml1TpOnOJIl1Ta EeCKor, McnOBe~Hl1Ka
je Hl1KOJIaj 6110 no~ YTl1n;ajeM l1~eja llIapJIa Mopaca (a Hl1KOJIaj ca MopaCOM Hl1je l1MaO Hl1KaKBe Hl1 JIl1'IHe, Hl1l1HTeJIeKTyaJIHe Be3e), l1T~, l1TCJI.
TIpaBOCJIaBJba, 3a Kora
Hl1KOJIajeBe T3B. "MOJIl1TBe npo-
Tl1B KYJIType': Kojy BJIa~l1Ka onl1cyje y "Pe'Il1Ma cpncKoM Hapo~y Kp03 TaMHl1'IKl1 np030p':
1)opl)eBl1h ce l1llI'Iyl)aBa l1 nl1Ta KaKO je ,,'IOBeK BaCnl1TaBaH
YBeK nl1llIe ~a je T060)1( CBeTl1, l1 ~o~aje ~a je MapKO EeCKl1"CBe OHe Kojl1
Ha TOM 3ana~y
l1 y Kpl1JIY lberOBe KYJIType Morao TaKO ~a Ml1CJIl10 KYJITYpl1
Hl1CYnpl1CTaJIl1 Ha lberOBO Ml1llIJbelbe" npomallIaBao
l1 MOJIl1TBl1".
npo~a~OllIe
3a llIaKY cpe6pa':
"nJIaheHl1n;l1Ma KOjl1 ce
Te pe'Il1 ce, no 1)opl)eBl1hy,
KOpl1CTe l1 ~aHac 3a
"CBaKor KO ce YCY~l1~a 0 He'IeMY, xpl1llIhaHCKl1 caB eCHO, pa3Ml1llIJba CBojOM maBOM" ("Peny6JIl1Ka':
175-176/1997).
1)opl)eBl1h
nl1llIe Kao ~a je CBeTl1
MapKo EeCKl1l1MaO no~pllIKY Cl1JIe l1 CBeTOBHl1XBJIaCTl1, ~a Cl1JIYl1 BJIaCT
0 KaKBoj KYJITYpl1je pe'I
l1 KaKBY MOJIl1TBYnpOTl1B KYJIType je
BJIa~l1Ka Hl1KOJIaj )l(elleO ycpe~ .D:pyror CBeTCKor paTa? To je nOTnYHo jacHo l13 KOHTeKCTalberOBe KIbl1re "Pe'Il1 cpnCKOM Hapo~y Kp03 TaMHl1'IKl1 np030p':
CBeTl1 Hl1KOllaj Cp6CKl1 je y .D:pyrOM CBeTCKOM
HarOHl1 npOTl1B jepeTl1Ka, O~HOCHO, Kao ~a Hl1je 6l1JIO CaCBl1MCynpOTHO o~
paTY KOHa'IHO OCeTl10 ral)elbe npe~ 3ana~H~M EBponoM Kao DellOM .D:eMoHl1jOM, Koja je, YMeCTO KYllType Koja l13Bl1pe l13 KYllTa Xpl1CTOBOr, nO'IeJIa
OHora llITO OH )l(eJIl1 ~a 'Il1TaJIan; npl1Ml1 Ha 3Halbe. MCTl1Ha je ~a je CBeTl1TeJb
~a ce Kllalba ~elll1Ma CBOjl1XPYKY, MaTepl1jallHoj
OCTao caM ca XPl1CTOM, BanJIoheHOM
l1~OllOnOKllOHl1'IKa. EBO llITa Ka)l(e CBeTl1 Hl1KOllaj (a TO 1)opl)eBl1h
MCTl1HOM, caM l1 xpa6ap
npOTl1B CBl1X
oKynJbeHl1X Ha JIa)I(Hl1M Ca60pl1Ma Y l1peHn;l1l1 epapl1: O~ nane EyreHa l1 n;apa YHl1jaTe JOBaHa TIaJIeoJIora,
IV
~o OHl1X enl1CKOna n;apl1rpa~CKl1X KOjl1
npehYTKyje),
rOBopehl1
0 EBpOnl1 20. BeKa: "O~6an;l1lla
ce KpCTl1lla l1 KOjl1 je l13BeO l13 caTaHCKor Ml1cl1pa
cY npl1Ml1JIl1 YH"jy C Pl1MOM l1 nany npl13HaJIl1 3a "Xpl1CTOBOr HaMeCHl1Ka': ..
0~6an;l1lla
UapCKa BJIaCT je CBeTor MapKa ~Be rO~l1He ~p)l(aJIa y TaMHl1n;l1!
XapTl1je l1 3eMJbe, l1 6e36poj
Ha je~HoM ~pyrOM MeCTY,Ka~a KJIeBehe PyCKY 3arpaHl1'IHY
UpKBY, 1)op-
ra je nOTnYHo, a HanpaBl1lla
CBe je TO EBpona
l1MeHOBalla je OHa pe'Ijy:
je YMPO 1936, npe Hero llITO je Xl1TJIep KpeHYO Y cBoje paTOBe), l1JIl1~a je py-
(nO~Blla'Ielbe
CKa 3arpaHl1'IHa
llIe~llIl1X EBponejan;a
maBap
"XpBaTCKe npaBOCJIaBHe n;pKBe" (PyCKa 3arpaHl1'IHa
repMoreHa
UpKBa je l1CTOr
O~Max oCY~l1JIa l1l136an;l1JIa l13 CBOjl1Xpe~OBa). AKO ce 0 1)opl)e-
Bl1hy TO CBe 3Ha (a 3Hajy CBl1,OCl1Mnpe~CTaBHl1Ka "rpal)aHcKe y 1)opl)eBl1hy
Bl1~e BanJIohelbe
onn;l1je': KOjl1
"TeOpl1je TeOJIOrl1je"), Hl1je 'IY~HO llITO ~OTl1'I-
Hl1 TaKBe cBoje MeTo~e npl1Melbyje
y 6JIahelbY CBeTor Hl1KOJIaja.
Mel)YTl1M ~a Ml1 KpeHeMO pe~OM, ~oKa3yjyhl1 lbeHl1n;e.
~a 1)opl)eBl1h
He 3Ha 'Il1-
l1 HeMOpaJIa,
~pyrl1X HeMyrnTl1X l1 MpTBl1X TBapl1 3eMaJbCKl1X.
y uYCUtU1bU, UtO je KYllUtypa 3a H08U J13paulb,
~a 6}7l;e no-
mynoCTl1
Ha3Balla je~Hl1M l1MeHOM, caB Taj HeMyrnTl1 MpTBl1 naHTeOH
l)eBl1h TBp~l1 ~a je lbeH OCHl1Ba'I, Ml1TpOnOJIl1T AHTOHl1je XpanOBl1n;Kl1, nl1-
n;pKBa TIaBeJIl1hy ~aJIa CBor enl1CKOna repMoreHa
CTallHO
je Dora y 'Il1je l1Me
ce6l1 l1~Olle o~ KaMeHa l1 ~pBeTa, l1
cao nOCJIaHl1n;e Xl1TJIepy, Ha3l1Bajyhl1 ra cnaCl10n;eM EBpone
(a XpanOBl1n;Kl1
KYllTYpl1, l1 TaKO nOCTalla
KYllUtypa. IlIUtO je 311aUt1-l0Utelle 6ulIo 3a J13paulb UtO jecUt KpUlUte1-lY E8POUY
Hallie, B. .lV. KYJITypa je npomallIeHa
O~ 3allyl)eHl1X l1 CYMa-
3a MajKY CBl1X 60rOBa HallIl1X. KYllTypa l13Ha~ CBera.
MO)l(e HeKO 0~6an;l1Tl1 )l(l1Bora Dora, Hehe MY ce 3aMepl1Tl1, aJIl1 KYJITYPYHe CMe 0~6an;l1Tl1, 3aMepl1he MY ceo MO)l(e HeKO rp~l1Tl1 Xpl1CTa ~o Ml1JIe BOJbe, Hehe ce cMaTpaTl1 HecaBpeMeHl1M l1 HeYKl1M, aJIl1 aKO KYJITYPY6y~e PY)l(l10 - cMaTpahe ce HecaBpllIeHl1M, ~pyro ~o MaTepl1ja, npallIl1Ha,
HeYKl1M l1 Heypa'IYHJbl1Bl1M. A KYJITypa Hl1je 6JIaTO, neneo .. :'
M OH~a TY npl1CTl1)1(e r. 1)opl)eBl1h,
~a Ka)l(e ~a He MO)l(e ~a pa3YMe KaKO
je Hl1KOJIaj 6110 npOTl1B KYJIType Ka~ je "MOJIl1TBa Hajpa"H"paH"j"
Y TeKCTY "TIoBpaTaK nponOBe~Hl1Ka':
Bl1~
1)opl)eBl1h nl1llIe ~a je Hl1KOJIaj cBoje ~eJIO "Han;l10HaJIl13aM CBeTor CaBe" 06jaBl10 1938, a TOje y CTBapl1 6l1-
JbY~CKe ~YXOBHe KYJIType". (A 3Ha JIl11)opl)eBl1h
JIO Tpl1 rO~l1He paHl1je; nl1llIe 0 HeKaKBOj HenOcTOjehoj
Hl1je 6110 npOTl1B gyx081-1e KYllUtype, Hero npOTl1B KYllUtype Kao MaUtepujallu-
CKor TIaTpl1japxa
nOCJIaHl1n;l1 BaCeJbeH-
l13 1923, YCBojeHoj y MaHaCThpy BaTone~y,
KOjy je Hl1KOJIaj
l1 KOJIl1KOMOlll1TaBa Hanl1CaO l1l13rOBOpl10?).
KOJIl1KOce Hl1KOJIaj MOJIl10
AJIl1, r. 1)opl)eBl1hy,
Hl1KOJIaj
CUtU'-tKoi ugolla lbygU OUtuallux og Boia, KOjl1 cy 360r Te l1 TaKBe cBoje "KYll-
0~6l10 (a cKyn y BaTone~y,
Ha KOMe je 6110 It Hl1KOJIaj, 6110 je 1930, l1 Hl1je 6l1JIO Ha ~HeBHOM pe~y Hl1KaKBe "noclIaHl1Ue II) ; nl1llIe 0 TOMe ~a H'l1KOJIa)Hl1-
Type" HanpaBl1lll1 AyrnBl1Q l1 JaceHOBan;, l1 raCHe KOMope, l1 aTOMCKY60M6y,
je 6110 ~OrMaTl1'Iap, l1 ~a HeMa ,,~orMaTCKl1X CfJl1ca" (a n;eJIO Hl1KOJIajeBo ~eJIO npO)l(eTO je Y3Bl1llIeHOM ~OrMaTl1KOM - ~OI
3a JIaMne ... To je OHa KYJITypa 360r Koje je Cp6CKl1 Hapo~ CMl1Clll10 pe'I ,,6l1-
rl1joM - 3ap Hl1je ~OKTOpl1paO ca TeMOM 0 BaCltpcelbY Xpl1CTOBOM?); nl1llIe ~a
l1 KOjl1 cy o~ KO)l(e MpTBl1X JeBpeja, 3ryJbeHe y JIOrOpl1Ma, npaBl1JIl1 a6a)l(ype TaHre': jep cy lberOBl1 oKynaTOpl1, repMaHl1, y TIpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTY, Ka~ cy O~ Cp6a OTl1Malll1, CTallHO Bl1KaJIl1 "bitte" ("MOJIl1M") l1 "danke" ("XBaJIa"!).
21
20 "Bitte-danke",
"bitte-danke"
(Cp6CKH: 6uiUaHie) Ha jep;Hoj CTpaHH, aHa p;pyroj
CTpelbalba TaJIaQa, pyralbe Cp6CKHM QPKBaMa H OJITapHMa, Mapop;epCTBO H .3JIO'lHH... HHKOJIaj je rrpOTHB KYJIType 6HO HCTOKao H p;HpeKTOp jep;He IlIKO-
qOJIOBHna, ycrreo p;arrOBe)l(epycKe HaQHCTeH CKHHxep;ce,H3p;aHKejep;Hor 60JIeCHOrBpeMeHa H TellIKHX OKOJIHOCTHy KOjy cy PyCHjy p;OBeJIH,,3arrap;lbaQH" - peq,opMaTOpH (JelbQHH, qy6ajc,
rajp;ap H eKHrra), ca PYCKHM rrpaBOCJIaB-
Ha rrO'leTKY pap;a rropyqHBao: "TIoIliToBaHH HaCTaB~IH'Ie! Ja caM jep;aH op; Ma-
HHM pop;olby6HMa H MOHapXHcTHMa. HapaBHo, TY je H pyralbe Cp6HMa H IbHXoBOj Be3aHOCTH3a Pyce.1)op1)eBHn y rrpep;rOBOpy caB ,,6JIHCTa": lberOBe
JI06pojHHX KOjH je rrpe)l(HBeO KOHQeHTpaQHOHH JIor-op! Moje cy O'IH BHp;eJIe
p;yrorop;HllIlbe
TaKBe CTBapH Koje HHKO He 6H Tpe6aJIo p;a BHP;H:raCHe KOMope Koje cy KOH-
Morao p;a rrpo1)e 6e3 rrOMHlbalba BJIap;HKeHHKOJIaja, Kora je 1)op1)eBHn, rro
JIe, KojH je rrpe)l(HBeO )J;pyrH CBeTCKHpaT, H KOjH je CBojHM HaCTaBHHQHMa
TBpp;lbe HallIJIe cy jOIli jep;Ho rrOTKperrlbelbe. TIpep;roBOp He 6H
CTpYHcaJIH H H3rpap;HJIH '1yaeHH HH)I(elbepH; lbyp;e Koje cy OTpOBaJIHBHCOKO-
CTaBY rrpeMa lbYP;CKHMrrpaBHMa, yrropep;HO ca TpOQKHM: "Cp6HMa je )l(H'I-
06pa30BaHH JIeKapH; p;ojeH'Iap; Kojy cy y6HJIe KBaJIHq,HKOBaHeMep;HQHHCKe
KH BJIap;HKaH. BeJIHMHpOBHn rrperropyqHo
ceCTpe; )l(eHe Koje cy CrraJIHJIHp;HrrJIOMQHcpep;IbHX IlIKOJIa H YHHBep3HTeTa.
IlITO ce HMeHyje Kao lbyp;CKa rrpaBa" (y KOjOj KlbH3H ca6paHHX p;eJIaHHKOJIaj rrHllIe 0 lbYP;CKHMrrpaBHMa H orraCHOCTHop; IbHX, He 3Ha ce).
CTora ja He BepyjeM y 06pa30Balbe.
Moja je MOJI6a: rrOM03HTe yqeHHQHMa
p;a rrOCTaHY '1oBe'lHHjH. TIJIOP;Ballier pap;a He CMe 6HTH yqeHH P;PYIIITBeHH IlIlbaM, BHCOKOKBaJIHq,HKOBaHerrCHxorraTe, 06pa30BaHH AjXMaHH. qHTalbe, rrHcalbe, apHTMeTHKa Ba)l(HH cy caMO aKO HallIY p;eQYyqHHe '1oBe'lHHjoM:'
p;a ce '1yaajy Kao op; BaTpe CBera
AnH, aKO 1)op1)eBHn HeMa pa3YMeBalba 3a HHKOJIaja, 3a Kora HMa? J.1Ma, peQHMO, 3a ,,6JIa)l(eHOr AJIoj3Hja" (CTerrHHQa). EBO HeKOJIHKOpe'leHHu;a H3 TeKCTa"BeaTHq,HKaQHja H HeKe ceHKe" ("Perry6JIHKa': 200/1998), rp;e ce BHP;H
)J;a JIH je oBaj '10BeK 6HO rrpOTHB '1HTalba, rrHcalba H apHTMeTHKe? J.1JIHOH
rrpeMa KOMe 1)op1)eBHn YMe p;a 6yp;e 06jeKTHBaH: "TIep;eceT rop;HHa Ben rro-
rOBopH 0 He'leMY p;pyrOM?
KojHH Kapp;HHaJI CTOjH y KOJIeKTHBHoj CBeCTHIlIHpOM BaJIKaHa Kao MHTCKH
)J;a JIH je HHKOJIaj rrpOTHB KYJIType HJIH rOBopH 0 He'leMY p;pyrOM? 3Ha
JIHK ca rrpOMeHlbHBHM rrpep;3HaKOM; 3a jep;He je 6HO CBeTaQH rrpe 6eaTHq,H-
1)op1)eBHn 0 '1eMY je pe'l, aJIH ce rrpaBH HaHBaH, H HCTp)l(e CBe'leBe pe'lH H3 KOHTeKCTa,p;a 6H "orrceHHO rrpOCTOTY': a rrpe CBHXOHe KOjH ra cMaTpajy
jep;Ho HH p;pyro p;OKa3aHOHHje; Kapp;HHaJI je ocy1)eH H p06Hjao je 360r CBor
BpXyHCKHM "TeOpeTH'IapeM TeOJIOrHje': HHje JIH yrrpaBo TO THrrH'IHO uanaHallKU MeHTaJIHTeT, KojH 1)op1)eBHn rrpHrrHcyje HHKOJIajy?
aHaJIH3e lberOBe HCTopHjcKe YJIore - 06H'IHe JIereHp;e... Kapp;HHaJI je 6HO
OCTaTaK 1)op1)eBHneBor perrepToapa je rr03HaT: HHKOJIaj je HCKa3HBao
KaQHje, 3a p;pyre 'YCTallIa' H 3JIO'lHHaQ, HaKO Ha rrOCJIepaTHOMcy1)elbY HH Op;JIyqHor aHTHKOMyHHCTH'IKOr CTaBa, aJIH CBeP;Op;aHac ra rrpaTe - YMeCTO y6e1)eHH aHTHKOMyHHCTa, aJIH je CTerrHH'IeB yp;ec 6HO yrrpaBo y rrpeBeJIHKoj
CHMrraTHje rrpeMa XHTJIepy H TOTaJIHTapH3MY; HHKOJIaj je 6HO aHTHceMHTa;
6JIHCKOCTHca jep;HHM p;pyrHM TOTaJIHTapHHM pe)l(HMOM 3a BpeMe paTa; H
HHKOJIaj je 6HO lbOTHneBaQ (Map;a, aKOje Ben 6HO 3a HeKY "CTpaHKy': 6HO je
TY HHje 6HO - Balba TO HCTanH - jep;HHH; QPKBeHH KaJIeHp;apje rrperryH jOIli
"p;pa)l(HHOBaQ': H rrpH'IH 0 )J;Pa)l(HHoj 60p6H rrpoTHB HaQH3Ma rrocBeneHa je QeJIalberOBa KIbHra ,,3eMlba Hep;o1)Hja"); HHKOJIaj je cBoje MHCJIHrrpeY3HMao
ropHX CJIyqajeBa, KaKO y VIcTO'lHOj, TaKO H y 3arrap;Hoj U;pKBH; rrarra JOBaH
op; PYCKHX"eBpoa3HjaQa': HTp;.1)op1)eBHn p;albe paq,aJIHO rraJIH: HHKOJIajeBa
Kor OCBeTlbaBalba 'Mpa'lHe rrpOIlIJIOCTH y U;pKBH' - TO cy lberOBe pe'lH - Kao p;aje 3Hao p;a aHTHKOMYHH3aM HHje p;OBOlbaH3a HCKa3HBalbe TaKBe '1aCTH..:'
MHcao HHje 6HJIa "CTBapaJIa'lKH KpeaTHBHa': HHKOJIajeB 60paBaK y )J;axay HH-
TIaBJIe
IIje, HapaBHO, 3Hao CBeTOjep je OHyrrpaBo
OTBOpHOrrpoQec KPHTH'I-
je MyqeHHIlITBo ("KOJIHKO caM ja TO pa3YMeo, HH 0 KaKBOM ce MyqeHHIlITBY
HaBep;OCMO 1)op1)eBHneBY Y3rpep;HY Mucao, Tj. H3BHlbelbe CTerrHHQa, TeK
TY He pap;H. HHKOJIaj jecTe 6HO y )J;axay, 6HO je jep;aH op; 3aTBopeHHKa, aJIH
TOJIHKOp;a ce 3Ha H yrropep;H.
je 3aHHMlbHBO p;aje yrrpaBo y TOMCBOMp;eJIYHarrHcao OHOIlITO je HajHerrpHXBaTlbHBHja aHTHceMHTCKa KBHHTeceHQHja"), HHKOJIaj ce ,,60jao KYJIType': lberOBY MHcao je rrpeY3eo, HH BHllIe HH Malbe, Hero )J;06pHQa nocHn,
a, rro
"CpnCKa n;pKBa
y paTY
H paTOBH Y]bOY'
1)op1)eBHny, H MHpa MapKoBHn "HMa H3BeCHHX CJIH'IHOCTH" C HHKOJIajeM; HMao je ,,6yHI,mjcKY rroTpe6y" Koja je KOP;Ibera 6HJIa ja'la op; "HHTeJIeKTyaJIHHX rrOJIa3HIlITa", HTp;. HTCJI.BeJIHKH aJICHq,HKaTop1)op1)eBHn yaeK HAe p;albe. TaKo ce ornaCHO H rrpep;roBopoM
3a KIbHry CBor KOJIere rro rrepy H
jep;HoMHllIlbeHHKa rro "rpa1)aHcKoM cTaBY" TIaBJIa PaKa, KOjH je y KlbH3H "HaQHoHaJIHCTH'IKa HHTepHaQHoHaJIa" (OPYMrrHcaQa, 2002) Ha BeOMa BelliT Ha'lHH, CKOpO rrorrYT HerrpeBa3H1)eHor MajcTopa, JIerHOHapa '1aCTH J.1BaHa
KIbHra H3BeCHor MHJIOpap;a TOMaHHna "CprrCKa QPKBa y paTY H paTOBH y 1b0j" (Mep;HjcKa KIbH)I(apa Kpyr, 2001), oP;YIII~BlbeHo je p;O'leKaHa y KpyrOBHMa "eyporrOKJIOHH'IKe" - "rpa1)aHcKe orrQHje': IlITO HHje HH '1yp;o C 063HpOM Ha KOJIH'IHHY Mp)l(lbe rrpeMa Cp6cKoj U;pKBH H Hapop;y KOjy je P;OTH'IHH rrHcaQ ycrreo p;aH3JIHje. TaKo1)e, 06pap;OBaJIH cy joj ce rrojep;HHH rrpep;cTaBHHQH "U;pKBe y XpBaTa': Op; Cpep;lber BeKa p;o HallIHX p;aHa 3a Tor TOMaHHna H
•
23
22 KOMrraHHjy (jep peq je 0 KOJIeKTHBHOMpaAY BHlIIe CpOAHHXYMOBa H AYIIIa)
JIa3apa, OCTaBlliajyhH HapOA Ha MHJIOCTH HeMHJIOCTrrpOTHBHHKY; rrOCJIerro-
Cp6H H IbHXOBa UpKBa CY BarrJIohelbe CBera mYCHOr H rraTOJIOIliKOr IIITO je Moryhe 3aMHCJIHTH (peQe3eHT KIbHre je, OqHTO paAo, 6HO J.1BaHqOJIOBHh,
pa3a 6e)l(aJIH H crraCaBaJIHmaBY, rrorrYT Kapal)opl)a, TaKol)e OCTaBlliajyhH HaPOA Ha QeAHJIY;H HaKHaAHO ce CarHlbaJIH, rrorrYT CJI060AaHa MHJIOlIIeBHha,
KOjH je Y CBOjOjCrrHcHMaHHjH OTHlIIaO TOJIHKOAaJIeKOAa je TOMaHHha, HHaqe
rrpY)l(ajyhH HapOAY 3aAoBOlliCTBOAa y)l(HBa ¥ rrlIOAOBHMa IbHXOBor rrpeTXOA-
Herr03HaTOr IIIHpOj HayqHoj jaBHocTH, 3A}'llllJ0 rrperropyqHO).
HO H3pa)l(eHOr rrOHoca H AocTojaHcTBa:' TOMaHHh ce pyra Kapal)opl)y,
KIbHra rrOqHlbe rrOCJIeAIbOMAeQeHHjoM 20. BeKa H YJIOrOMCTIU Y paTY
OHOMeKO, orroHalIIajyhH
Kao
KHe3a JIa3apa, HrraK HHje ycrreo Aa OCJI060AH Cp6e
Ha rrpocTopHMa 6HBlIIe CPJ;HaCTaBllia ce rrOfJIeAOMY rrpOIIIJIOCT(JIHK BJIa-
OATypaKa, jep je TypCKa, HaKO,,60JIeCHHK': 6HJIa jaqa OACp6a. A 0 HeMaIbH?
AHKe HHKOJIaja), AOTHqe ce TIpBor cp6cKor YCTaHKa H Kapal)opl)a,
- TIpeA BH3aHTHHQHMa je "caBHO KHqMY H rrpHXBaTHo rrOHH)I(elba"; rrpeMa
Aa 6H Ha
Kpajy YAapHJIa Ha HeMalbHhe H CBeTor CHMeoHa. TOMaHHh Kpehe OATBPAlbe
60ryMHJIHMa je crrpoBeo ,,6p3 H eq,HKacaH reHOQHA H H3roH"; 60ryMHJIH cy
Aa cY Cp6CKH errHCKorrH 6HJIH CJIHqHHXHTJIepy H fe6eJIcy, CJIY)I(ehHcBOjoM
rr06efJIH y BOCHY rroA "HeMaIbHHHM TepopoM': KHe3Y JIa3apy HHje rraJIO Ha
reHoQHAY. PeQHMo, BJIaAHKa AMq,HJIOxHje
rraMeT Aa ce rrOHH3HH Aa ,,6e3 Y3aJIYAHHxry6HTaKa rrpHXBaTH YCJIOBeMohHH-
je jeAHoM H3jaBHo: "Xohe Bor HelliTO BeJIHKOOA OBor HapoAa qHM ra CTaBllia
jer rrpoTHBHHKa': rra je "He cJIyrnajyhH caBeTe HH caMora focrroAa ... 3a caMOje-
paTHoxYIIIKaqKOM rrporraraHAoM
Y )l(H)I(Y CBeTCKHX36HBalba': a TOMaHHh HaM TO TYMaqH TaKO Aa cy H HeM-
AaH AaH AO rrporracTH AOBeo Ap)l(aBY Kojy cy lberOBH rrpeTxoAHHQH rpaAHJIH
QH npe H TOKOM,lJ,pyror CBeTCKor paTa A06HjaJIH TaKBe rropYKe OA CBOjHX
ABa H rro BeKa': J.1jOIli AOAaje TOMaHHh: "YrropeAHMO JIH rrOHallialbe cprrcKHx
Bol)a. J.1jOIli AOAaje: "TICH paTa 6HJIH cy pacrroMaMllieHH orrojHHM MHpHCOM
BHTe30Ba ca rrOHallialbeM caMora J.1cyca XpHCTa rrpeA pacrrehe, peKJIO 6H ce
cprrcKor TpOJIaTHqHOr QBeTa (YKC - CAHY
Aa je CHH BO)l(HjH ca Malbe oAYIIIeBllielba rrpHXBaTHo )l(PTBY 3a qHTaBO qOBe-
- CTIU) H pe)l(ehH, HCKe)l(eHHX
3y6a, TpraJIH cY JIaHQeKojHMa cY 6HJIH Be3aHH..• TICHpaTa KOHaqHOcy rrYIIITe-
qaHCTBOHero xpa6pH Cp6H 3a cBoje OTaqaCTBo:' TaKo je rOBopHo TOMaHHh,
HH C JIaHQa H KpeHYJIH Y qepeqelbe rrJIeHa:' TIaTpHjapxa TIaBJIa (pyrajyhH
HOBHHHKBH3HTOp HaA Cp6CKOM UPKBOM KojH, OCHMHOBHHaH H3 KOHTeKCTa
ce
qHlbeHHQH Aa je H3a6paH rrOCJIeAeBeT KpyroBa fJIacalba) TOMaHHh Ha3HBa
HCTpmYTHx QHTaTa, H3fJIeAa Aa je cJIa60 IIITa y )l(HBOTY qHTaO. Jep Aa jecTe,
"rraTpHjapxoM CprrCKHM H3 AeBeTor Kpyra': 3aTHM ra rropeAH ca XwTJIepOM H TIaBeJIHheM, 3aTO IIITO je 1991. TIaTpHjapx JIOPAYKapHHITOHY HarrHcao Aa
3Hao 6H Aa MOHaxHlba Jeq,HMHja HHje 6HJIa YAoBHQa "Kpallia BYKalIIHHa Mp-
cY Cp6H 6HJIH, BOlliOM JocHrra Bp03a, rrpHcHllieHH Aa )l(HBe CXpBaTHMa Y He-
paTa, y KOMe cy ce CYAapHJIeBojcKe, a He y6Hjalba HeHaopY)l(aHHX). TIolIIaB-
lbaBqeBHha': H Aa HHKaKBor reHoQHAa HaA 60ryMHJIHMa HHje 6HJIO (6HJIO je
rrpaBeAHHM aBHojeBcKHM rpaHHQaMa! Pyra ce H TOMe IIITO errHCKorrH, KOjH
IIIH 0A BJIaAHKa ATaHacHja H AMq,HlIoxHja,
cy 6HJIH "crrpeMHH Ha )l(PTBY': HHCYH3rHHYJIH Ha q,pOHTY: "J.1rropeA OBe3a-
rrpomaCH "BeJIHKHM HCTpe6HTellieM" H lberOBY 60p6y rrpOTHB 60ryMHJIa Ha-
TOMaHHh je CTHrao Aa HeMalbY
AHBlliyjyhe crrpeMHOCTH Ha )l(pTBOBalbe, H3 paTOBa cy CBHerrHCKorrH H3alIIJIH
30Be "reHOQHAOM': yrropeAHBIIIH ra ca YCTalliaMa y ,lJ,pyrOM CBeTCKOMpaTY;
H )l(HBH H 3ApaBH (H3Y3eB Herra)l(lliHBOr BJIaAHKe ATaHacHja JeBTHha KOjH je
Ha Kpajy, YAapHO je, Y CBOMHeOKpH)I(apCKOM rroxoAY, Ha CBeTOr ATaHacHja
rrao ca BHCHHeH CJIOMHOBpaT):' Bal)elbe KOCTHjy Cp6a H3 jaMa, Koje cy YCTa-
BeJIHKOr H lberOBO 06jallilbelbe
lIIe rr06HJIe y,lJ,pyrOM CBeTCKOMpaTY, BeJIHTOMaHHh, 6HJIa je paTHOXYIIIKaq-
Te peqH ... TaKO je crrpoBeAeH rrpaBH je3YHTCKH rrypraTopHjoM
Ka rrporraraHAa
ErrHCKorraTa CTIU: "J.1cKorraBalbe KOCTHjy H3 jaMa, Koje cy
rrpaBeAHe 60p6e y xpHlIIhaHCKOM CMHCJIY HaA Cp6HMa.
OBO HHTelIeKTyaJIHO paCKOIliHO apryMeHTHcalbe H lberOBa MeTOAOJIOrH-
OHH HHHQHpaJIH, rrpeTBOpHJIO ce y CBeTKOBHHY,y HeYKYCHYrrapaAY Koja je,
ja ("reductio
rrOKa3alIO ce TO KacHHje, 3a QHlli HMaJIa jeAHHo Aa KPB HOHaKO'BHOJIeHTHHX,
H3 rroYKa CBeTor aBe ,lJ,opoTeja, MOHaxa H3 CBeTe 3eMllie, KOjH je orrHcao CJIY-
ad absurdum")
KojHMa ce TOMaHHh CJIY)l(Hrr03HaTH cy HaM jOIli
CHJIHHX,orlbeBHTHX lliYAH' AHHapCKor THrra (JOBaH UBHjHh) jOIli BHlIIe rrpo-
qaj CBor ca6paTa. Taj "peAYKQHOHHCTa': Kora je CBeTH ,lJ,opoTej rrOKYIIIao Aa
K}J,yqa:' Ty je, Aallie, H pyralbe QeJIoj cp6CKoj KplIITeHoj HCTOpHjH: "MOfJIO 6H
ypa3YMH, rroqeo je rrpe3HpyhH H rrOHH)I(aBajyhH cBoje Haj6JIH)I(e, a Ha Kpajy
ce pehH Aa je cprrCKH HapOA Kp03 HCTOpHjy Tprreo ABe BpCTe Bol)a cBoje KPBH
AOlliao AO rropHQalba H CBeTHTellia H caMe CBeTe TpojHQe! Ha Kpajy, rrorop-
H Bepe. JeAHHcy 6HJIH qBpCTOr CTaBa,HecaBHTlliHBe KHqMe H HerrorrYCTlliHBH
AHBIIIH ce rrpOTHB caMora Bora, ce6e je JIHIIIHO YMa. J.1TOMaHHheB rrYT je
rrpeA jaqHMa 0A ce6e. PeqH 06pa3, rrOHOCH AocTojaHcTBo KOpHCTHJIHcy Kao rrOIliTarraJIHQe. ,lJ,pyrH, rraK, CKJIOHHjHAHrrJIOMaTHjH, 3HaJIH cy Aa ce camy H
HCTH:OApyralba BlIaAHKaMa Cp6cKe UpKBe H rraTpHjapxy TIaBny, rrpeKo crrp-
6e3 Tyl)e rroMohH, H36eraBajyhH TaKOAOAaTHeH HerroTpe6He HerrpHjaTHocTH.
06paqYHa ca CBeTHM CHMeOHOM H CBeTHM KHe30M JIa3apoM H TBpAlbe Aa
OHH rrpBH, KojH cy H3 He caCBHM pa3jallilbeHHX
je Cp6cKa UpKBa "cTBopeHa, yqBplIIheHa
pa3JIOra Cp6HMa YBeK 6HJIH
APa)l(H, 06HqHO cy 3aBplIIaBaJIH Ha TPH HaqHHa - rHHYJIH cy, rrorrYT KHe3a
Aalba ca Kapal)opl)eM
H Cp6CKHM cTpaAalbeM rrOA AYCTpHjoM H TYPCKOM,AO H YBehaHa Ha lliYAcKOj KPBH, H TO
yrJIaBHOM AeJIalbeM TpojHQe HajHcTaKHYTHjHX rrpeACTaBHHKa AHHacTHje
24
25
KIbH)KeBHIUJ;H,
HeMalbHha: CTe<paHa HeMalbe, KpaJba MHJIYTHHa H CTe<paHa .nyrnaHa': Ha Kpajy, TOMaHHh HCTHqe Aa je H CaM Mcyc 6HO "naQH
IloMOAHO pyralbe
BJlaAHKH HHKOJIajy je "onllITe
MeCTO" 3a CBaKor
npeACTaBHHKa HOBOJleBHqapCKe MHCJIH y Hac. CMaTpa ce nHTaibeM qaCTH
npenopyqJbHBO 3a Cp6e Kao OAHOCnpeMa CBHM Cp6CKHM HenpHjaTeJbHMa: Cp6H, HaHMe, Tpe6a Aa ce OA CBHXcaKpHBajy H 6e)Ke, Aa 6YAY nOAaTJbHBHH
Aa CBaKHOA IbHX HellITO Ka)Ke 0 OBOM,,<paHaTHqHOMaHTHceMHTH" H ,,60PQY
JIaKejH cBaKOMe, nonYT TOMaHHha H CJIHqHHX MY JIYMeHa.
rHM) AeJIHMa MJIaAOr nOKOJbelba nHcaQa 3ra~eHHX HaA Cp6CKHM "HaQHOHa-
npOTHB EBpone". MMa ra qaK H y MHoro nYTa XBaJbeHHM (KlbH)KeBHO y60-
AKO TOMaHHh OBaKO nHllIe 0 HajcBeTHjHM JIHqHOCTHMa cp6CKe HCTO-
JlH3MOM" H "KceHo
pHje, oHAa HHje qYAO llITO 0 BJIaAHKH HHKOJIajy nHllIe Kao 0 "qOBeKY KOjH
H3Bo~eHoj KOA Hac, aJIH H no EBponH ()KeJbHoj Aa nOKa)Ke KaKBH cy Cp6H
je HOCHOOAJIHKOBalbe HaQHCTHqKe HeMaqKe H KojH je Y TpeHYTKY JIyQHA-
,,<pallIHCTH"), yrpaAHJla jeAaH QHTaT H3 6eceAe BJlaAHKe HHKoJlaja nOBoAoM
HOCTH OTKpHO Aa nocToje 3HaqajHe CJIHqHOCTHH3Me~y AAOJI<paXHTJIepa H
550-roAHllI1bHQe
CBeTora CaBe': OH 3aMepa "fJIacy QpKBe" KOjH je "CaMOBOJbHO':6e3 OAJIyKe
6HO "CHMnaTH3ep XHTJIepa': EBO Tor QHTaTa: "MH CMOAeQa EO)KHja H JbYAH
KOCOBCKor 60ja, KaKO 6H AOKa3aJIa Aa je oBaj "MpaqlbaK"
Ca60pa, noqeo Aa CJIaBHHHKoJlaja Kao CBeQa (a He 3Ha Aa BehHHa cp6CKor
apHjeBcKe pace Koje je CYA6a nOCTaBHJIa 3a qYBape HajonacHHjer
npaBOCJIaBHOr HapoAa H A06pa nOJIOBHHanpaBOCJlaBHHX y cBeTY npH3Hajy
3a CTpa)Kape HajCYA60HocHHje KanHje - KanHje EBpone ..:' .nBa JIHKa ApaMe,
H nOllITyjy
HaQHOHaJlHCTHqKHHHTeJIeKTyaJlQHKapHKaType, CTpaTHMHpOBHh H fJlOroB,
HHKOJIaja Kao CBeQa, AaBHo npe "fJIaca QpKBe").
IlpH TOM ce
Kao napa
HHKOJIaja H3roBapajy
ApYMa H
cJIeAehe "MYAPOCTH" (Koje HM
npeTBapa Aa He 3Ha Aa je XHTJlep Te 1935. rOAHHe (KaAa je HHKOJIaj Ap)KaO rOBop 0 CBeToM CaBH, na peKao Aa Bo~a HeMaqKOr HapOAa nOKyrnaBa OHO
y YCTa CTaBJbacnHCaTeJbKa): "EBpona,
llITO je HeKaA ypaAHo CBeTH CaBa, aJIH Aa he MY TOTellIKO nohH 3a pyKOM (TO
y oBaj AOM AOHeJIa! BOAOBOA,BOAoBOA, BOAoBOA! KaHaJIH3aQHja, KaHaJIH3a-
KOJIeBKaJbYAcKor rpexa, Hecpehy je
jecT, OCHHBalbe HaQHOHaJIHeQpKBe), y EBponH jOllI yseK CJIOBHO3a BeJlHKOr
QHja, KaHaJIH3aQHja! To cy Ta A06pa Koja HaM je nOAHBJbaJIaEBpona AOHe-
H ysa)KaBaHOr AP)KaBHHKa! To je BpeMe KaAa EHrnecKa TeTOllIe XHTJIepa, a
JIa. A llITa he Ta A06pa nOllITeHOM qOBeKY? IIlTa he MY qeCMa, KaA je qHCT
6aHKapH ca BOJI CTpHTa cap~yjy
H3HYTpa?"
C HpepoBoM npHBpeAoM (n03HaTH aMe-
PHqKH MYJlTHMHJIHOHep POK
CaCBHM y OBOM, KapHKaTypaJlHoM CTHJIY,HaCTaBJbaBeCeJIHH MapKO-
CBe AO 1942). Y TO BpeMe, 3anaA ce AHBH XHTJIepy KojH AH)Ke HeMaqKY H3
BHh, nHcaQ pOMaHa "M3palbalbe"
neneJla ... AnH, no TOMaHHhy, jeAHHH "XHTJIepoBaQ" je HHKoJlaj!
rOAHHY. Y JIHCTY".naHac" (oA
TOMaHHh ollTY)Kyje QPKBY Aa je Taj HHKOJIajeB pyKonHc "KpHJIa': llITO
H A06HTHHK "BHTaJIOBe" HarpaAe 3a 2002.
6. jYJIa 2001)
MapKoBHh je peKao Aa cy KlbH-
re BJIaAHKe HHKOJIaja "fHycHa AeJIa npenYHa naTOJIOllIKe Mp)Klbe npeMa Je-
AOAaTHOcaMO nOKa3yje KaKBH 6ecKpynYJI03HH KJIeBeTHHQHHanaAajy HHKO-
BpejHMa (H npeMa KaTOJIHQHMa, npoTeCTaHTHMa, KYJlTypH, qaK H JIHqHOj
JIaja H CIlQ!
xHrHjeHH)':
M OH, Kao H 1)op~eBHh, TBpAHAa je HHKOJIaj y .naxayy 6HO caMO
y "nOqaCHOM 3aTBOpy': y KOMe My HHje <paJIHJlaHH AJIaKa C rnaBe, a HeMQH
qJIaHKOnHcaQ HeAeJbHHKa "BpeMe", Te0
y CBOjOj
36HPQH KOJIYMHH "Yp6aHH 6yrnMaHH': HanaAa "JbOTHhoHAe" KOjH ce AHBe
ra HHCY qaK HH 06pHjaJlH. XpaHHO ce xpaHOM KOjy cy jeJlH "HeMaqKH 0
"He06HqHO BHCOKHMMHCJIHMaHHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpOBHha': a 3aTHM BeJlH Aa
QHPH"! HHKoJlaj je Morao H Aa nHllIe, llITO nOKa3yje lberOB "aHTHceMHTCKH
cy "HHKOJIajeBQH" OHH KojH HMajy "YJIore y cJIa60 noceheHoM freak-show"
cnHC" Kp03 iUaMHU'lKU Up030p. HHKoJlaj je XHTJIepOB "HCTOMHllIJbeHHK 6ap
(= upegciUa8u
KaA cy JeBpejH 6HJIH y nHTaIbY" HTA. HTCJI.
6JbellITaBa 6YAyhHoCT cp6cKor
M jOllI BeJlH TOMaHHh, 3a kpaj: "AKO CTe HeOHaQHCTa H )KeJIHTe cBoje MHllIJbeibe Aa nOTKpenHTe QHTJfpajyhH HeKH aYTOpHTeT KojH a
nygaKa - B. .n.). TaKO HallIH HOBH KIbH)KeBHHQH H <papHcejH, "oTBopeHor
APymTBa': 0A qHjer ce 6JbeCKa
CMpKaBa cByrAe rAe rOA OHa 3paqH. OCHHBaq H ypeAHHK T3B. aHTpOnOJIOllIKe 6H6JIHOTeKe "XX BeK", MBaH
rOBopH 0 AAOJI
qOJlOBHh, HOCHJlaQ,3ajeAHo ca EOpKOM IlaBHheBHh
CMO Beh BHAeJlH, HahH heTe OHo llITO BaM je nOTpe6HO:' HapaBHO, Kao HH
AeKOHTaMHHaTOpHMa':
1)op~eBHh, TaKO HH TOMaHHh, Jf OCTaJlHH3 "coBjeTa JlyKaBHyjymqHX':
MapKH3a Ae CaAa, KojH je, no lbeMY, 6HO "BeJlHKaH JbYACKor(caMO)ocJI060~e-
Hehe
H ApyrHM "KYJITypHHM
HH Aa nOMeHY BHllIeCTpyKy, H npe H TOKOMpaTa, H nOCJIepaTa HHKoJlajeBY
Iba~ HHKaKO HHje Morao Aa ce nOMHpH ca "He3ApaBHM" 3aHHMaibeM Cp6a 3a
KPHTHKY <pallIH3Ma H HaQH3Ma, kao H CBaKor TOTaJIHTapH3Ma (na H caBpeMe-
BJIaAHKY HHKOJIaja (H OQa JycTHHa, HapaBHo). Y CBOjOj KlbH3H "IloJIHTHKa
Hor aMepHqKOr "AeMOKpaTCKor TOTaJlHTapH3Ma").
CHM60JIa': OH BeJlH Aa cy HHKOJIaj H JYCTHH ,,3anaAHY EBpony onHCHBaJIH
26
27
Kao npOCTOp 6e3 npaBe, )l(HBe Bepe': llITO je ,,
CBeTa, .n;p)l(aBajOllI Malbe, naTpHOTH3aM He nocTojH, Bepa je npHBaTHa CTBap
n;Hja': HHKonaj je, y "PaTY H EH6nHjH': TaKo1)e HCTHn;ao .n;a"pa3BpaT Y paTY
H 0.n;6HjaM .n;a0 Iboj rOBopHM. He ocehaM ce npHna.n;HHKoM He6ecKor Hapo.n;a.PO.n;HOcaM ce y KpaJbeBY, a Morao caM y CToKXonMY. He BH.n;HMHH je.n;aH
.n;OHOCH Hecpehy': H jOllI je Y3.n;p)l(aHO.n;HOC npeMa ceKcyanHocTH "npHnHCHBao 6anKaHCKHM CeJban;HMa': HHKonaja KpHTHKyje H 3aTO llITO je Cp6CKOM
pa3nor .n;anHllIeM 0 BenH'IHHH cpncTBa, y TOMe He Hana3HM HHllITa CBeTOHH
Hapo.n;y H lberoBoj MHCHjH .n;aBao "YHHBep3anHO 3Ha'Ielbe': .. qonoBHh jOllI BenH H .n;aje "CpnCKa npaBocnaBHa n;pKBa opraHH30Bana HeKonHKO cneKTa-
naMeTHO:' Y HCTOMTOM HHTepBjyy JIYKOBHh je npH3Hao.n;a HHje 'IHTaO HH-
I't
llITa o.n;Bna.n;HKeHHKonaja, anH .n;acy MY lberOBH npHjaTeJbH cnanH o.n;nOMKe
KynapHHx pHTyana nocBeheHHX 3eMHHM oCTan;HMa .n;BojHn;eCBeTan;a, CaBe
Ha OCHOBYKojHX je OH nHcao cBoje, ycnoBHo rOBopehH, TeKCTOBe.(YcnoBHo
H BacHnHja OCTpOllIKor H je.n;Hor n;pKBeHor BenHKo.n;OCTojHHKa- HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha" (KaKBe cy TO CBe'IaHOCTH ca MOUliUuMa CBeTor CaBe, 3a
rOBopehH, nOHaBJbaMO,jep HHCYTO H HHCY TonHKO TeKCTOBH,KonHKO H3nH-
Koje H Bpann;H 3Hajy .n;acy HX Typn;H cnanHnH 06jallIlbaBa!) .
1594, oBaj aHTpononor
~
BH Mp)l(lbe 'IOBeKa KojH je y ce6H CpyrnHO CBe nneMeHHTO H neno.)
He
Y KlbH3H "Eop.n;en paTHHKa" qonoBHh je, Ha BeOMa BellIT Ha'IHH, XPHllIhaHcKY MHcao Bna.n;HKe HHKonaja .n;OBO.n;HO y Be3Y ca MHnOllIeBHheBOM KBa3MnaTpHOTCKOMnponaraH.n;OM, )l(enehH .n;a.n;OKa)I(eOHOllITO cy.n;OKa3HBa-
,.
IIHCMO
"fpyne HHTeJIeKTyaJIa~a"
KpajeM 2002. CBH3Ha'IajHHjH Me.n;HjHcy (oneT je.n;HHcTBeHo, Kao y Bpe-
nH H HenpeCTaHO HacToje .n;a.n;OKa)I(y, Hajnpe ce6H, CBHHallIH eBpo(no)Jby6H-
Me THTa H MHnOllIeBHha)
BH, - a TO je .n;acy Cp6H HenOnpaBJbHBH H30nan;HOHHCTH, KOjH HHKa.n;Hehe CTHhH y EBpony, OHY Koja je, jOllI y .n;06a MapKH3a .n;eCa.n;a, ocn0601)eHa
HHTeneKTyanan;a" (MHpKO 1)op1)eBHh, MHnaH 1)op1)eBHh, HnHn ,UaBH.n;, ,UparaH BenHKHh, llpe.n;par qy.n;Hh, Bna.n;HMHp ApceHHjeBHh,
CBaKor KOH3epBaTHBH3Ma, 3aOCTanOCTHH yqManOCTH.
3Hh, JIacno Beren, a IbHMa ce npH.n;pY)l(HO H Eor.n;aH Eor.n;aHOBHh), KOjH cy
lleTap
JIYKOBHh, pOK HOBHHap, .n;yroro.n;HllIIbH KonYMHHCTa pa3nH'IH-
npeHenH "llHCMO yn030pelba':
rpyne ,,3a6pHHYTHX Pa.n;MHnaJIa-
jaBHocT yn030pHnH .n;ace Cp6Hja TellIKO ocn06a1)a 6peMeHa CKope npOllIno-
THX 'IaCOnHCa "rpa1)aHcKe onn;Hje': 'IaK nOCTaBJbeH3a "Cy.n;Hjy 'IaCTH" He3a-
CTH,.n;ajoj ce HaMehe "KOH3epBaTHBHa MHcao opraHHn;HCTH'IKOr npaBn;a': .n;a
BHCHor y.n;pY)l(elba HOBHHapa Cp6Hje, orpe3ao y Mp)l(lbH npeMa CBeMY llITO
3arOBopHHn;H TaKBe MHcnH HacTynajy "ca npeTlbaMa, ca rOBopOM Mp)l(lbe H
npHna.n;a Hapo.n;y o.n;Kora H OH BO.n;H6HonOllIKO nopeKno
HeTonepaHn;HjOM, Kao.n;a He )l(HBHMO y MHpHo.n;onCKHMycnoBHMa". BeneYM-
HHTepBjYOM H3 MapTa 2002, .n;aTOMnHcTY "llpaBa
("npOCnaBJbeH"
'IOBeKa': y KOMe je peKao
HH HHTeneKTyann;H cy Y0'IHnH
onaCHY cnpery H3Me1)y CAHY, feHepanllITa-
.n;a6H oH,.n;a HMa BnaCT, HOBHHape Han;HOHanHCTe CTpeJbaOH BellIao), HHje
6a H CllU
Morao.n;a He cnOMHlbe Bna.n;HKYHHKonaja, H TO Ka.n;ro.n;MY ce npY)l(H npHnH-
He?) H KpHKHynH yeTap: "He CMe 6HTH .n;BoYMJbelbay 6Hpatby nYTa H3Me1)y
Ka.
0 KaKBOM "cy.n;HjH 'IaCTH" je pe'I,
TeKCTY "IllaMnoH
.n;OBOJbHO je norne.n;aTH y JIYKOBHheBOM
3a MOHCTpYMa': 06jaBJbeHOM y "PenopTepy"
2001). Pa3rHeBJbeH 360r Tora llITO je "CBeTHropa" Ka H 3ana.n;a': JIYKOBHh Ka)l(e .n;ace "HHKonaj
(1. aBrycTa
H3.n;anaCD "H3Ha.n; HCTO-
BenHMHpoBHh HHKa.n;y)l(HBOTY
HHje oKynao, na je TaKO CMp.n;JbHB .n;O)l(HBeO.n;aMY cpnCKO-MaKe.n;OHCKH pOKepH nOCBeTe TpH6jYT an6YM': .. Ha nHTalbe HOBHHapKe "Ea3apa"
(18. jaHyap
(oneT Cp6H Kyjy 3aBepy npoTHB "Me1)YHapo.n;He3aje.n;HHn;e':3ap
Mo.n;epHH3an;Hje H 3aocTajatba, H3Me1)y Han;H3Ma H .n;eMoKpaTHje, nanaHKe H EBpone"!. .. OBH "xpa6pH"
H ca CBHX cTpaHa "yrp0)l(eHH"
HHTeneKTyann;H
(llITO ce MO)l(e 3aKJbyqHTH H no 'IHtbeHHn;H .n;acy ce je.n;Banp06HnH .n;oPTC-a H "llonHTHKe"
.n;aTaMO 06jaBe cBoja caonllITelba
H nOTOM .n;Ba.n;eceTaK.n;aHa
HcnHpajy M03aK cTaHoBHHllITBY Cp6Hje CBOjHMHacTynHMa H npHcTynHMa) oneT cy Y0'IHnH
.n;aje HajBeha onaCHOCT y Cp6HjH .n;aHaco.n;"TOTanHTapHe
2002) .n;anH cy lberOBH "nOnHTH'IKH KOMeHTapH HaCTaBaK pOKeHpona .n;py-
H He.n;eMoKpaTcKe H.n;eonoruje
ruM cpe.n;CTBHMa':JIYKOBHh o.n;rOBapa:"AnconYTHO. HeMa .n;orMH,Ta6ya, He-
nOHajBHllIe o.n;"TpHjYM<pa
MHnaHa He.n;Hha H ,UHMHTpHja JboTHha': anH
.n;O.n;HpJbHBHX. JIeToc caM HMao Bep6anHH .n;yen ca TaKCHCTOM3aTO llITO caM
OTKpHnH cy .n;a'IaK nocTojH H rpyna
y HeKonHKO MaxoBa y Me.n;HjHMaHanao HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha. llHTao Me: KaKO Me HHje cpaMOTa, .n;anH je OH 3a MeHe CBeTan;,H .n;anH 3a MeHe nocTojH
Bpe.n;HHjeTeKOBHHecpncKe Kymype"
HllITa CBeTO?PeKao caM .n;ara He BonHM, .n;aOH 3a MeHe HHje HHKO, H .n;aHe
KO.n;HeKHX "peBonyn;Hja"
nocTojH HHllITa CBeTO.3aYCTaBHOje TaKCH, npeKpCTHO ce H peKao .n;aH3a1)eM H3 Kona, jep TaKBY COTOHYo.n;aBHOHHje B03HO. 3a MeHe HeMa He.n;o.n;HpJbHBJfX
Bna.n;HMHp ApceHHjeBHh,
H CBeTHX,H no TOM CBOMocehalbY pa.n;HoCaM CBHXOBHXro.n;HHa.UpKBa HHje
o.n;HATO
nanaHKe HHKonaja BenHMHpoBHha': "HHKonajeBan;a': Koja "yrp0)l(aBa
Haj-
(BepoBaTHo cy, 6apeM 6HBllIH 'InaH UK
CK Cp6Hje Eor.n;aH Eor.n;aHoBHh, MHcnHnH
Ha "TeKOBHHe peBonyn;Hje': jep je
HCTOllITO H "cpnCKa KynTypa': ..).
TYMa'IehH CBOj CTaB, KojH ra je .n;OBeo.n;onOTnHCHBatba anena, nHcan; aYTOp pOMaHa "Y nomany6JbY"
H 'IOBeK KOjH ce
60M6ap.n;OBatba Cp6Hje, 3axBaJbyjyhH Be3aMa ca "OTBopeHHM .n;py-
1; ,;,.,-_:'
28
29
;'!.
llITBOM': CKJIOHHOY MeKCHKO, y "CBe):\OKY" (0):\ 19. HOBeM6pa 2002) H3jaBJbYje: "EHO caM 3arrau,eH Ka):\ cy rr03HaTe 6eorpa):\cKe rpyrre CHHMHJIe CD Ha
BOTa. MeHH je ):\paro Ka):\ BH):\HM):\e~y 0):\ 3-4 rO):\HHe KaKO ce KpcTe H Jby6e
TeKCTOBeHHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpoBHha. MHCJIHM ):\aje ):\HOCBaKor KHqa crrajau,e
HKOHe. Ha MnaljHMa je 6y):\yhHocT, a Ha HaMa je caMO ):\a ce ):\ocTojaHcTBeHo
Ta Koja 'rrO):\Ma3yje' qOBeKa/.../ Bepa y Eora je 60p6a rrpOTHB aYTOMaTCKor)l(H-
Cy6KYJITYPHHX rrojaBa, KaKBa je pOK MY3HKa, ca peJIHrHjoM. A Kao ):\pyro, TY
rroByqeMo, ):\ocTojaHcTBeHo - y 3eMJbH r):\e HeMa ):\ocTojaHcTBa •.. )l;ellIaBa ce
je H JIHqHOCTBJIa):\HKeHHKOJIaja H Taj qy):\HH epoTH3aM CBeTe cprrcKe ):\eCHH~e H3 qeTp):\eceTHx, KOjH HaHJIa3H Ha He06HqHO rrnO):\HOTno KO):\Hac, ):\aHac.
rrapa):\oKcanHa cTBap ):\a 0 TOMe ):\a nH he ce yaecTH BepoHaYKa y llIKone He
IIo MeHH, TO BHllIe 0):\ CBera rOBopH 0 BHCOKOMCTerreHY 36yu,eHOCTH Meljy JbY):\HMaKOjH Ha oBaj HJIHoHaj HaqHH TpIDKe yrropHllITe y OHHMCTBapHMa KO-
Be3e. IIocToje H MY):\pH JbYAH KojH HMajy rraMeTH H MOry ):\a pa):\e Ha rron~y OTeqeCTBY.•. JepOMoHax JOBaH 'liynH6pK, KojH je):\o 1991, ):\OKce HHje 3aMO-
je H3 OBor yrna rrpe):\CTaBJbajyje):\HY peTpocrreKTHBHY YTorrHjy •.. Ha CTpaHY caM Bna):\HKa BenHMHpOBHh. IIHTau,e je caMO ):\a nH je HaMa TaKBa nHqHOCT
0):\Y3HMana, ca6epe. O):\HOCHO,):\a ce rro TeKCTOBHMaBna):\HKe HHKonaja Ha-
rroTpe6Ha, y OBOMTpeHYTKY, llITa MH TO ):\06po MO)l(eMO ):\a H3ByqeMo, aKO
rrpaBH MY3HKa. MH CMOHalliJIH rrecMY 'Kora hy ):\aXBanHM' y u,eroBoj JIupu H
6HCMO):\OCJIe):\HO rrpaTHnH OHO0 qeMY je OHrrHcao. Peq je 0 qOBeKY KOjH je 0):\6Hjao ):\a ce Kyrra, jep je H qHCTOhy CMaTpao 3JIOMKoje ):\OJIa3Hca 3arra):\a:'
HarrpaBHJIH CMOXHT•.:' TaKo QaHe, 036HJbaH pOKep. BJIa):\HMHpApceHHjeBHh
. Harra):\H HallIHX "HHTeneKTyana~a"
Ha Bna):\HKY HHKonaja
360r Tora
o):\nyqyjy ):\e~a Hero MaTop~H, KojH cy rrOKa3anH ):\aje CBe llITO o):\JIyqe 6e3
HallIHO, rrHcao 3a Mara3HH 'PHTaM', HMao je H):\ejy ):\a ce reHepa~Hja,
Koja ce
He MO)l(e To):\a pa3YMe, anH QaHe, KOjH je rrpOlliao rrYT 0):\ ,,6eTOHCKor aTeH3Ma" ):\0 QpKBe XpHCTOBe, MO)l(e.
llITO ce HHje Kyrrao (a HHje ce Kyrrao, HaBO):\HO,jep XHrHjeHa, orreT HaBO):\HO, ):\ona3H H3 EBporre!) rrno):\ cy HHTeJIeKTyanHe y60rocTH THX H TaKBHX "HHTe-
CTaHHha: "Ko je KO Ha cprrcKoj ):\ecHH~H': y KOMe ce TBp):\H):\a cy pexa6HnH-
neKTyaJIa~a': HaHMe, y "PeqHMa cprrCKOM Hapo):\y Kp03 TaMHHqKH rrp030p': CBeTH HHKOJIaj rro):\ceha Cp6e ):\acy EBpOrrJbaHH, o):\peKaBllIH ce XpHCTa, ce-
JboTHha - "TpaHcHa~HoHanHcTH':
6H rrO):\HfJIHMHore H):\one. Je):\aH0):\ THX H):\ona je H H):\on
~HOHanHCTH KOjH CJIYIIIajy TpaHC MY3HKY? J.1HTepHa~HOHanHCTH, KOjH 6H
Koje Tpe6a TpOllIHTH Ha rpexe H CTpaCTH. )l;a 6H ce TO 3):\paBJbe caqyaano, EBpOrrJbaHH ce HerrpeCTaHO rrepy, Kyrrajy H ):\OTepyjy, He MHCJIehH 0 qHllIhe-
):\a TpaHc~eH):\Hpajy Ha~HOHanHe rpaHH~e? IIope):\ "qeTHHqKHX rpyrra~Hja':
Y "EnH~ U,Y3Y" (148/2002)
rrojaBHo ce TeKCT BecHe TallIHh
H Pa):\eTa
TaTopH BJIa):\HKeHHKonaja BeJIHMHpOBHha, MHnaHa He):\Hha H )l;HMHTpHja
"MHneTHheBa~a':
llITa je TO: Ha~HOHanHCTH y TpaHCY? Ha-
pe):\aK~Hje nHCTa ,,)l;BepH cprrCKe': Meljy "TpaHCHa~HOHa-
u,y ):\YIIIe rroKajau,eM. Ty Bna):\HKa HHKOJIaj cne):\H peq XpHCTOBY yrryheHY
JIHCTe" je y6aqeHa H rpyrra T3B. "HHKonajeBa~a"
<papHcejHMa: "TelliKO BaMa Ku,H)I(eBHH~H H <papHcejH, nH~eMjepH, llITO qH-
llITa cy, o):\aKne cy H r):\e cy). Meljy orraKe ):\eCHHqape YBpllIheHH cy MaTHja
CTHTe crrOJba qallIY H 3):\jeny, a H3HYTpa cy rrYHe rpa6e)l(a H HerrpaB):\e. a-
EehKOBHh, KOCTa qaBollIKH,
pHcejy cnHjerrH, OqHCTH HajrrpHje H3HYTpa qallIY H 3AjeJIY, ):\a 6y):\y H crrOJba
rrOTrrHCHHK OBHXpe):\OBa•.•
qHCTe" (MT 23, 25-26). OBaKaB CTaB HHKOJIajeB HeKO0):\ "HHTeJIeKTyana~a" je CXBaTHOKao paT rrpOTHB nHqHe xHrHjeHe, a OCTaJIH"HHTeneKTyan~H"
cy TO
rrperrHCHBanH - rrpBO 0):\ "eypeKa MajcTopa': rra OH):\aje):\aH 0):\ ):\pyror. TaKo
(3a Koje HHKO He 3Ha KO cy,
Pa):\OllI JbYIIIHh, anH H MaTej ApceHHjeBHh
H
)l;aKJIe, Bna):\HKa HHKonaj je orreT KPHB 3aTO llITO Hac HHKaKO He rrYllITajy Ha TOM rrpocBeheHOM 3arra):\y, KOjH je Halli HajBehH, aKO He H je):\HHH, H):\eaJI y OBOMTpeHYTKY. HHKonaj je, ):\aKJIe,Taj KOjH KOqH, HHaqe 6HCMO ):\aBHO
HalliH KBa3HJIH6epanHH BeneYMOBH rrHllIY y CTHJIY"CTapHX, ):\06pHX" THTOB-
6HnH y EBporrH. OH je peKao ):\aje EBporra "Eena )l;eMoHHja': H TO caMO 3aTO
CKHX rrHcaMa H rrecaMa (cehaMO nH ce CTHXOBa:,,)l;pyr je THTO rrocnao HaM
llITO je 6HO pO):\OMH3 rraJIaHKe H "HHje ce Kyrrao" (6ap TaKOKIDKY,,):\eBeTjaxa-
rrHCMO/ ):\aqYBaMO 6paTCTBO H je):\HHCTBO"?) H H3 Tor ):\yxa HacTajy u,HXOBa "rrHCMa yrr030peu,a".
qa ):\eHa~H
3arrau,eHH ApceHHjeBHh 6H ce jOlli BHllIe 3arrau,HO ):\aje rrpOqHTaO CTaBOBe Haj036HJbHHjer ):\oMaher pOKepa, rreBaqa "IIapTH6pejKepca':
30paHa
KOCTHha QaHeTa, KOjH, y HHTepBjyy "HOBOM BH):\eJIY"(27. MapT 2001) KIDKe:
A ):\acy
BH):\eJIHMaKap <poTOrpa
"IIOlliTO CMOMH o):\pacnH y 6eToHcKoM aTeH3MY,HHCHHelliTO Morao ):\arrpH-
):\OKHajBehH HHTeneKTyaJI~H 3arra):\a, YKJbyqyjyhH HajcaBpeMeHHje
qallI 0 Eory, jep 6H Te CBH fJIe):\aJIHKao ):\a CH HeHopManaH, anH YBeK je Eor
6HO rrpHcYTaH, rra MaKap y <Pa30HY 'HeMoj ):\a Me rrHTajy ):\aHac y llIKOJIH'. Y
rra):\ KOjH )l(eJIH ):\arrOHHllITH CBe )l;pyro H )l;pyraqHje.
.!
EBO llITa 0 TOMe Ka)l(e
TelliKHM qaCOBHMa oqajau,a 3BanH CMOEora/ .. YHYTpallIu,OCT qOBeKa je Kao
)l{aH Eo):\pHjap y nHCTY "Le Monde
ryMH~a Ha qeCMH. aHa ce BpeMeHOM rrOTpOlliH H rrpOKarrJbe. Bepa y Eora je
cHja 3arra):\a (HJIH, 60Jbe peqeHO, 6HBllIer 3arra):\a, rrOlliTO OH o):\aBHO HeMa
Diplomatique"
(HoBeM6ap 2002): "MH-
1 ..",
31
conCTBeHe Bpe~HOCTH) jecTe p;a pa3HOBpCHe KYJIType UOill"UHU OKpyillHOM
cy HllInH O'leBH )J;aHallIlbHX npB060paQa
3aKOHYjegHOYMlba (nop;Bna'lelbe Hallie, B. .ro. Kymypa Koja je H3ry6Hna cBoje Bpep;HOCTHMopa p;a ce CBeTH p;pyrHM KynTypaMa ... 3a TaKaB CHCTeM,CBaKH BHP;no6YHe BHpTyenHo nocTaje TepOpHCTH'lKH ..:'
Ha TeHKOBHMa aMepH'lKHM, H3a KOjHX CMeno cTynajy
"rpa1)aHcKor )J;pYllITBa': a OBa HOBa )J;eQanapTH3aHCKHX
reHepana, y6HQa H y)J;6allIa, cnY)l(HH'la)J;H JOCHnaBp03a). Je)J;aHO)J;HajBa)I(HHjHX 3aKJbyqaKa XenCHHllIKor
0)J;6opa je )J;ace XHTHO Mopa CTBOpHTH "HOBa
OHO 0 'leMY p;aHac nHllIe BO)J;pHjap HHKonaj je nHcao jOllI npe ~pyror CBeTCKor paTa H 3aTOje, y ropKHM pe'lHMa H3 ~axaya, EBpony Ha3Bao BenOM
enHTa" TaKO llITO he ce H3MeHHTH Hallie OCHOBHOH cpe)J;lbe llIKonCTBO ...
~eMoHHjoM. O'lHTO je)J;a cy ,,)J;eBeTjaxa'la )J;eHaQH
KHM npeTeH3HjaMa cnu;
nOKa3yje )J;acy ynpaBo OHH, a He "HHKonajeBQH': JbY)J;HKojH rOBope je3HKoM Mp)l(lbe H )l(ene )J;anOHHllITe CBaKor !JpyiOi H npaBO Ha !Jpyia"ujoCill. Je)J;HHH
pHTeT y cpnCKOM npaBOCnaBJbY KapaKTepHCTHKa je y KOMYHHKaQHjH cnu; ca naCTBOM. Bna)J;HKaHHKonaj je KynTHa nH'lHOCT HajKoH3epBaTHBHHje, )J;a-
3a IbHX nO)l(eJbaH !Jpyiu je oHaj ~pyrH KojH je)J;HOYMHOMHcnH Kao OHH, Tj. npBH ..• HapQHCOH)J;HOCT,norOTOBY HHTeneKTyanHa, yaeK je TOTanHTapHa.
Hac )J;OMHHaHTHecTpyje y cnu;, 'lHje cy TeMeJbHe O)J;pe)J;HHQe aHTH3ana)J;lballITBO y HajllIHpeM cMHcny H HAU;ItIOHAJU13AM C EJIEMEHTItIMA
TaKOje "XenCHHllIKH 0)J;60p 3a JbY)J;CKa npaBa" CBOjH3BellITaj 0 nOnHTH'l"YKpaCHO" OBaKBHM ,,6HcepHMa" COlbe BHcepKO H
lbeHHX capa)J;HHKa: "n03HBalbe
AIIIItI3MA
Ha Bna)J;HKYHHKonaja Kao Ha HajBHllIH aYTO-
(no)J;Bna'lelbe B. ~.). MOllITH Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja npeHeTe cy y
Cp6Hjy Y Majy 1991, Y )J;aHHMaKa)J;aje Cp6Hja OTIIO'lHlbana paT Ha TepHTopH-
O.n;60PH 3a CBa Jby.n;CKanpaBa, H3Y3eB Cp6CKHX
jH 6HBllIe JyrocnaBHje,
a y CKna)J;yC HacTOjalbeM MHnOllIeBHheBor
pe)l(HMa
)J;aH3BpllIH llITO e
Y H3BellITajy XenCHHllIKor 0)J;60pa 3a JbY)J;CKanpaBa y Cp6HjH (H3Be-
npopaTHor pacnonO)l(elba. HaKoH 5. oKT06pa, cnu;
jOllI yna)J;JbHBHjenpoMo-
llITaj je 06jaBJbeH 2. arrpHna 2003, y )J;o6a BaHpe)J;Hor CTalba, Koje, 6ap 3a
BHllIe Bna)J;HKYHHKonaja. OHa ra KBanH
Hac Cp6e, KaKO HeKO pe'le, He npecTaje 0)J;1945), T3B. "HeBna)J;HHe opraHH3aQHje" Koja ce CBHM CHnaMa TpY)J;H)J;a)J;oKa)I(eKaKO Cp6HjoM Bna)J;aHaQH-
CB. CaBe', cTBapajyhH O)J;Ibera MHT y HapO)J;yH '3allITHTHH 3HaK cpnCTBa H
3aM, HCTH'le ce )J;aje "cpncKH HaQHoHanH3aM Kp03 KOH
jepapXHje, reHepana He60jllIe
npaBOCnaBJba'. TaKO, Ha npHMep, U;pKBa, y npHCYCTBY caMor Bpxa BojHe XHnO'leTKa HATO
naBKOBHha, Ha )J;aH24. MapTa, Ha rO)J;HllIIbHQY
HHTepBeHQHje y Cp6HjH, Y MaHacTHpy COKOoTKpHBa cnOMe-
H3BopHMa': .. nope)J; oCTanHX, no OBHMHapyqeHHM H3BellITajHMa, TH H3BOpH
HHK OBOMKOHTpoBep3HoM Bna)J;HKH,KOjH je HCKa3HBao oTBopeHo nOllITOBa-
cy: Bna)J;HKa HHKonaj H OTaQ JYCTHH.Kao cHMnaTH3ep Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja nOMHlbe ce 'laK H ~06pHQa nocHh, anH H ~YllIaH BaTaKoBHh. cnu; ce
Ibe npeMa XHTnepy H 'lHja je MHcao, H3Me1)y OCTan or, ca)J;p)l(ana HeYBHjeHH aHTHceMHTH3aM. He)J;aBHOje CaBe3 jeBpejcKHX onllITHHa Cp6Hje H U;pHe fo-
BenH )J;aHMa "H3Y3eTHo 3Ha'lajHo MeCTOy npoMoBHcalbY cpncKor HaQHoHa-
pe, KOHcTaTyjyhH )J;aje nocne 5. oKT06pa aHTHceMHTH3aM y nopacTY, HaBeo
nH3Ma, KojH ce )J;e
KIbHry Bnap;HKe HHKonaja 'Pe'lH cpncKoM Hapo)J;y H3a TaMHH'lKHX np030pa'
0
Kao HOBa)J;OMHHaHTHaH)J;eonOrKja.
Y Iboj QeHTpanHo MeCTO 3aY3HMajy H)J;eje H Bpe)J;HocHH CHCTeMHHKonaja BenHMHpoBHha, ~HMHTpHja lboTHha H JycTHHa nonoBHha. Ta H)J;eonorHja H Taj Bpe)J;HocHH CHCTeMBeh cy yrnnH y yI,I6eHHKe" (Koje?!?). "XencHHllIKH"
y60rH ranHMaTHjac, npaBJbeH no cTapoM KOMYHHCTH'l-
Kao npHMep 'HajoraBHHjer 3a t; !)aBona. "
aHTHceMHTH3Ma', y KOMe cy JeBpejH - CHHOHHM
Me1)YHap0)J;Ha KpH3Ha rpyna,
ca CBojHM <paM03HHM 6eorpa)J;cKHM 60-
COMJIajoHoM, npHXBaTHna je CTaBOBeXenCHHllIKor 0)J;60pa 3a JbY)J;CKa npaBa
KOM 06pacQY Hana)J;a Ha "Cp6CKH HaQHoHanH3aM': cBe)J;O'lH0 je)J;Hoj CTBapH: "HeBna)J;HHe opraHH3aQHje" ce nnallIe 'lHlbeHHQa )J;ace OMna)J;HHaCBe
H Hanana cnu;
BHllIe oKpehe Bory CBOjHXOTaQa H U;pKBH XpHCTOBoj, a TO 3Ha'lH H CBeTOM
KH H )J;e<paH3HBHH ... HajBehHM )J;enOM lbeH ca)J;allIlbH Ha'lHH pa3MHllIJbalba
HHKonajy Cp6CKOM. 360r Tora OHH OTBopeHO n03HBajy T3B. "Me1)YHapO)J;HY 3aje)J;HHQY" (ey
aKTHBHHX TOKOM~pyror CBeTCKor paTa: enHCKon HHKonaj BenHMHpOBHh H ... apXHMaH)J;pHTJYCTHHnonOBHh':
HaQHoHanH3MoM': jep "Cp6Hja HeMa cHary H nOTeHQHjan )J;ace caMa H360pH ca HOBHMTanaCOMnonynH3Ma H HaQHOHanH3Ma': (~eMOKpaTHja Mopa )J;OhH,
npe)l(HBenH cy H JIaTHHe, KOjH cy HM, Kao nHnHneH)J;H, HY)J;HnH)J;anpOMeHe
Kao H 1944, Ha TeHKOBHMa: OHa CTapa Ha TeHKOBHMa cOBjeTcKHM, H3a KojHX
Bepy 3a Be'lepy. npe)l(HBenH cy H JyrocnoBeHCTBO npe ~pyror
Teno':
360r Tora llITO je OHa "BHCOKOKOH3epBaTHBHOHaQHOHanHO
'lHjH cy "CTaBOBH, 'leCTO, Bpno aHTH3ana)J;lba'lKH, H30naQHOHHCTH'l-
HCXO)J;HH3 nHcalba )J;BaaHTHceMHTCKH HacTpojeHa KnHpHKa )J;eCHorKpHna,
Cp6H cy npe)l(HBenH H TypKe, KOjH cy HM )J;eQYO)J;BO)J;HnH y jaHH'lape; CBeTCKorpaTa,
33 Ka~a cy HM O~Y3HManH HllQHOHanHOHMe H nOKymaBanH ~a HaMeTHY KOHKOp-
HapaBHO, 0 HHKOJIajy (eHrneCKH: Niki)
~aT ca BaTHKaHoM; npe)f
lberOBor onCKypHor
"onaCHOCTHMa" Koje HaM npeTe O~ BJIa~HKe HHKOJIaja H Olla JYCTHHa.Jep, Cp6H cy, HaKO rpelIIHH, HaKO nOHH)I(eHH, HaKO CBeCHHCBOjHX CJIa60CTH H nponYCTa, HnaK Hapo~ EO)l(HjH, Hapo~ CBeTocaBCKH H CBeTOHHKOJIajeBCKH.
BeJIHMHpoBHhy, H nOKymajy 06HOBe
H~eOJIOlliKOr HaCJIHje~a, H3Me~y OCTaJIOr H y
aJI6YMa Ha KojeM non rpyne OTKpHBajy npaBOCJIaBJbeH peTap~HpaHa, a60pTHpaHa TYMaqelba ):(OCTojeBcKor H lberOBHX nOJIHTHqKHX CTaBOBa, a TO cy, rne q~a!,
ynpaBo HajTpHBHjaJIHHje H Hajrope CTpaHHlle Koje je oBaj HanHcao
( ...) HHK BeJIHMHpOBHh, 3a Kora EY~HMHP ):(y6aK Ka)l(e ~a je CBETAQ ..." HHje oH~a HH CJIyqajHo TO lIITO cy nOBO~OM npe~CTaBJbalba "CBeTHroPHHHX" H3~alba y Xepller
HOBOM, yaBrycTY
1998, ~YKJbaHCKa~pf)l(elba
H
MOHTeHerpHHcKe napTHje HanaJIe CTBapaJIalliTBO CBeTor HHKOJIaja CpncKor,
IDTa KIDKY "MOHTeHHrepCH"?
na ce MHTpOnOJIHja QpHOfOpCKO- npHMopcKa OrnaCHJIacaonlIITelbeM y KOMe je HCTaKJIaH OBO:"TBp~ehH ~a je BJIa~HKa HHKOJIaj 6HO n060pHHK HallH3Ma,
OTall Mo~epHe "llpHoropCKe
HallHje" 6HO je MHJIOBaH l5HJIaC, KOjH je,
O~Max nOlliTO je "n06e~HJIa peBOJIyQHja': npornaCHO lbeHO nocTojalbe.
Ka-
OBa rocno~a
CBeCHOnpehYTKyjy
~a je BJIa~HKa HHKOJIaj CBe BpeMe ):(pyror
CBeTCKorpaTa 6HO y HallHCTHqKOM 3aTOqeHHlIITBY. ( ...) KneBeTHHllHMa CBe-
cHHje ce, Ka)l(Y, Te H~eje o~peKao, aJIH TelliKO je 6HTH y TO cHrypaH; y CBaKOM
THTeJba EO)l(HjHX, OHHMa KojH He n03Hajy Jby6aB H HCTHHY XpHCTOBY, He
CJIyqajy, o~yqHH rnac npHna~a OBOMKOMYHHCTHqKOMBO~H. ):(aHalIIlbH "llPHoropcTByjymqH': T3B. ,,~YKJbaHH': ~OlIIJIH cy ~O 3aKJbyqKa ~a ce Cp6CKH H
caMO ~a HHje CTaJIO~O Jby6aBH H HCTHHe, Hero HH ~O conCTBeHor 06pa3a:'
llpHoropCKH je3HK pa3JIHKyjy, H ~a cy QpHorOPllH YBeK 6HJIH 6JIH)I(HpHMOKaTOJIHllH3MY Hero npaBOCJIaBJbY(TaKOje JeBpeM EpKOBHh y HHTepBjyy "fJIacy KOHllHJIa" 1991. H3jaBHo: "MH CMOnpB06HTHO 6HJIH KaTOJIHllH. OH~a Hac je CaBa HeMalbHh, Taj reHOllH~HH CaBa HeMalbHh, je~HocTaBHO nonpaBOCJIaBHO... QpHa fopa ce Mopa BpaTHTH CBOjHM KopHjeHHMa, CBOjOj aYTOKe<paJIHOj llPKBH ca eJIeMeHTHMa KaTOJIHqaHCTBa"). OHO lIITO je, H3Me~y OCTaJIOr,3aje~HHqKO MHJIOBaHY l5HJIacy (OHOMpaHOM, peBOJIyQHOHapy, ~eMHjypry HOBHX HallHja Ha EaJIKaHY) H ~aHalIIlbHM
0
,,~YKJbaHHMa': jecTe - Mp)l(lba npeMa BJIa~HKH HHKOJIajy. lbeMY je, y CBOjOj qYBeHoj "nereH~H 0 lherolIIy': MapKCHCTHqKOM 06paqYHY ca H~eaJIHCTHqKHM 3a6JIy~aMa 0 BeJIHKOM neCHHKY (HapOqHTO YCMepeHOM Ka JIHqHOCTH J1cH~ope CeKYJIHh), MHJIOBaH l5HJIaC 3anHcao ~a je "je3HBa, <paHaTHqHa, pacnyhHHoBcKa
KlbH-
)l(eBHH KpHTHqap AH~pej HHKOJIaH~HC, y CBOM TeKCTY "Let it Be': YKa3yje Ha onaCHOCTKoja QPHoj fOpH npeTH o~ nOKpeTa KOjH CJIe~H"aHTHeyponcKe MHCJIH"CBeTOr HHKOJIaja )l(HqKOr (~pHoiopCKU K1bWICe8HU llUCiU, 15.
EBPOllA.
fOBOpHM,
2003. rO~HHe
,
"
'J;?"
CBETJ1 HJ1KOJIA] CPllCKJ1 J13 QETJ1PJ1 PA3nJ1QJ1TA yrnA HEJ1MAP ,IJ;YXOBHOr J1 J1CTOPJ1JCKOr
QpKBH, BH CTe, BallIe llpeocBellITeHcTBo,
llIer Hapo):\a y npOllIJIOCTH, Ha KojHMa H ):\aHac nOlJHBa, H KOjH he ra, C BepOM
CMJ1CJIA
(nOBO):\OMHHKorrajeBe "PeJIHrHje lherollIeBe':
"BH CTe BeJIHKH Kao
1911):
(1920):
"Ka):\ caM no):\ Ky6eToM CBeTOr llaBJIa (Y JIOH):\OHY,Han. B.,[(.) yrJIe):\ao BJIa):\HKYHHKonaja, yqHHH MH ce):\a Xop He neBa BHllIe: 'Pa):\yj ce, 0 v13paHHero 'Pa):\yj ce Cp6Hjo, jep je TBOj CHH KOMe ce OBa lJaCTlJHHH!' AJIH ce
JbY!:
O):\MaxceTHx):\a y caMoj CTBapH OBa ce lJaCTo):\aje He HHKOJIajy BeJIHMHpOBHhy Kao HapOlJHToj JIHlJHOCTH,Hero lbeMY Kao O):\JIHlJHOMCJIyrH llpaBocJIaBHe n;pKBe cpnCKe H Kao BepHOM CHHY Hapo):\a cpncKor:' MHXaHJIO IlynHH HHKorrH IlamHliy (1921): "lheroB
y Eora H lheroBY BelJHY npaB):\y, o):\p:>KaTHy 6y):\yhHOCTH:' CTaHHCJIaB KpaKoB (1951): BOCBellITeHHK. Ja HaHJIa3HM BallIY HajJIenllIY BeJIHlJHHYy TOMe llITO CTeyseK
"MJIa):\H npo
):\aHac 3a Taj Hapo):\, je):\aH y HCTH-
HH 0):\ OHHX HajjalJHX MOpaJIHHX cTy60Ba, Ha KojHMa je nOlJHBaJIa CHara Ha-
IDTa cy 3HaMeHHTH Cp6H peKJIH o CBeTOM HHKOJIajy Cp6CKOM: TOBaH CKeprrHli
35
ycnex je 6HO H3BaHpe):\Ho BeJIHK. 3a):\06Ho je AMepHKaHn;e ca
"C BJIa):\HKOMHHKOJIajeM HeCTaJIaje je):\Ha BeJIHKaJIHlJHOCTH3 cpncKor Han;HOHaJIHOr:>KHBOTa.OH je H Kao KlbH:>KeBHHK,H Kao n;pKBeHH BeJIHKO):\OCTojHHK, H Kao Han;HOHaJIHH 60pan;, OCTaBHO3a C060M CBeTJIa Tpara. ( ...) Ko ro):\ je HMao npHJIHKe ):\a ra JIHlJHOn03Ha, HMao je YTHcaK ):\aje TO pe):\aK H He06HlJaH lJOBeK:' MHrraH JOBaHOBHIi CTOHMHpOBHIi (1958): ,,3a CpncKY n;pKBY H cpncKH Hapo):\ OH oCTaje BeJIHKH nHcan; H BeJIHKH CTHJIHCT,BeJIHKHxpHllIhaHHH H BeJIHKH npoIloBe):\HJ1K; lberOBO je MeCTO0):\Max nOCJIeCB. CaBe H 3a lbera je MaJIOpehH ):\aje 6HO BOjHHK XpHCTOB, OHje 6HO KaneTaH XpHCTOB. CpnCKa n;pKBa he nOCJIelberOBe CMpTH MohH MO:>K):\a lJaK H):\a ce Ha30Be cBeTocaBcKO-HHKOJIajeBcKa n;pKBa! To cy lJHlbeHHn;e:' ,I(p ,I(HMHTpHje Haj):\aHoBHIi:
lberOBOM 036HJbHOllIhy H ca lberOBOM HCKpeHollIhy, H CBaKHje O):\Max npHMeTHO ):\aOH 3aHCTa H Bepyje OHOllITO nponOBe):\a H ):\aMY CBaKapelJ nOTHlJe
neBajy CJIaBonojH, TO BJIa):\HKaHHKOJIaj, CJIaBonojHHK XpHCTOB, MHOrOMHJIO-
H3 ):\y6HHe cpn;a H ):\yme, r):\e JIe:>KelberOBa lJBpCTa Bepa H lJBpCTOy6el)elbe.
CHH reHHje CBeTocaBCKH. ( ...) CBaKHM KopaKOM y ):\yrOM XO):\y 6y):\yhHOCTH
( ...) Qeo pa):\ CBHXCp6a Koje je ):\aHac Cp6Hja nOCJIaJIay AMepHKY He Bpe):\H HH CTOTHHHTH):\eo OHor ycnellIHor pa):\a KOjH je EnHCKon HHKOJIaj ):\0 ):\aHac H3BpllIHO:'
lberOB CBeTJIHJIHK he ce CBe BHllIe np030paBaTH, YBeJIHlJaBaTH, CBeTJIOllIhy
fpuropHje
BO:>KOBHIi(1937):
"Eoro):\aHH neCHHK, BeJIHKH
Ha eHrJIecKY PYKY,
HCHAopa CeKyrrHIi (1939): "MMa JIH HllITa JIenllIe H pa):\OCHHjeHero BH):\eTHlJOBeKaKojH HMa BOKan;Hjy, H HMa Hanop ):\a OCTaHe ca CBojOM BOKan;HjOM?Ta pa):\OCTMeHe yseK nOHOBOByqe y nOKpajHHY y KojOj je HeHMap ):\YXOBHorH HCTopHjcKor CMHCJIa rocnO):\HH HHKOJIaj, ca):\a EnHCKon )J(HlJKH:' KpaJl> IleTap II H rpyna Cp6a H3 nOH):\OHa (CJI060):\aH JOBaHOBHh,MHJIaH raBpHJIOBHh H ):\pyrH, 1946): Ka):\je cpncKH Hapo):\ H3ry6HO CBeH Ka):\aMY je OCTaJIOjOllI
):\a ce Y3):\ay CBOjy BeKOBHYMOpaJIHY cHary, OJIHlJeHYy HallIoj CBeTOCaBCKoj
JbY):\H
3aCJIY:>KHO ):\a MY ce
npocHjaBaTH:' BO:>K.Hp;apIlypHIi "llope):\
pacHH 60jOBHHK ):\yxa, ):\HBHHHOCHJIan;llIYMa):\HjcKHx 3aBeTa, npe):\o):\pel)eH ):\aYBeK 6y):\e Bol) H rpoMoBHHK:'
"Y BpeMeHY
"AKO je HKO 0):\ HallIHX BeJIHKHX H HajBehHx
(1963):
Eora, BOJIeOje HHKOJIaj cpncKH Hapo):\ H cpncKy):\p:>KaBY. lhe-
MY je TO 6HJIO Hepa3):\eJbHBOKao CBeTa TpojHn;a. EHO je Cp6HH n;apcKH H cBeTocaBcKH:' Ilpenop;o6HH
JYCTHHneJIHjcKH
(1966):
"Ka):\ He 6H rocno):\ cBaKY Mojy pelJ npeTBopHo y XepysHMa H Cepa
(1993):
pa):\ BJIa):\HKeHHKOJIaja 6HO je no 06HMY orpoMaH, a no
ca):\p:>KajycBecTpaH H MO:>Kece nope):\HTH ca ):\eJIaTHollIhy CBeTor CaBe. ( ...) BJIa):\HKaHHKOJIaj je 06HOBHO cpncKo n;pKBeHo 6ece):\HHllITBO H 6HO HajBehH 6ece):\HHK y HCTOpHjH CpncKe n;pKBe:'
1
36
37
jp;:<
HAJEMJ1HEHTHJ1JJ1 IIPABOCnABHJ1 BnA,D;J1KA 20. BEKA IIpaBocrraBHH
H3 ApyrHX HapoAa 0 CBeToM HHKorrajy:
CBeTH TOBaH lliaHrajcKH
HAJJ13Y3ETHJ1JE Jb Y,D;CKOEJ11iE KOJE CAM HKA,D;A CPEnA CTpaHD;H 0 CBeTOM HHKorrajy CpncKoM: Church Times
(1958):
(MapT 1920):
"OBaj ManeHH )J;eqKO,TonHKO cna6YlbaB )J;acY ce 60janH )J;ara nomaJbY
"TOKOMqeTHpH paTHe rO)J;HHe,)J;pHHKonaj BenHMHpoBHh je C060M, CBO-
Y mKony, nOCTao je BenHKH yqHTeJb QpKBe TIpaBocnaBHe, nponoBe)J;HHK npa-
jOM nHqHOmhy H CBOjoM nopYKoM OCTaBHOCHa)l(aH YTHcaK Ha Bpno mHpoK Kpyr EHfJIe3a, TaKO)J;aCMO,Ka)J;ace BpaTHo y Cp6Hjy, oceTHnH TO Kao HCTHHCKH ry6HTaK:' •
BocnaBHe Bepe, MY)J;pHnacTHp, )J;YXOBHHBol)a Cp6Hje, cTy6 cBoje OTaI,l6HHe, anOCTon TIpaBoCnaBJba y)J;aJbfuHM 3eMJbaMa. ( ...) Kao mTO je 3a CBeTOr JOBaHa 3naTOYCTOr peKaO CBeTH TIpoKnO: )J;aMY CaMO)J;pyrH 3naTOYCT MO)l(e O)J;aTH)J;OCTOjHYXBany, HCTOTaKO H enHCKOna HHKonaja MO)l(e nOXBanHTH CaMOpaBaH fueMY:' BJIa)J;HMHp MajeBcKH, PYCKH)J;YXOBHHnHCal.\ (1958): "OH je 6HO Hecpe6poJby6al.\ y)J;ocnoBHoM cMHcny OBepeqH. CBe mTO je )J;06Hjao 0)J;MHor06pojHHX nomTOBanal.\a - yseK je )J;aBaoHeBOJbHHM.3aTo je H YMPO Kao nOTllYHH cHpOMax:' IIpoTojepej
AJIeKcaH)J;ap lliMeMaH,
Teonor (1975):
,,3HaJIH CMO)J;a!laM je Bor )J;aoTY npHBHnemjy )J;a6y)J;eMoy 3aje)J;HHl.\H ca HajeMHHeHTHHjHM npaBocnaBHHM Bna)J;HKOMXX BeKa. ( ...) Bna)J;HKaHHKonaj HHje 6HO caMO BenHKH Cp6HH. OH je 3a CBenpaBocnaBHe JbY)J;eH3pa3 npaBocnaBHe )J;YXOBHOCTHH 3aY3HMa MeCTO Mel)y OHHMa KojH HacToje )J;a OBeKOBeqe npaBocnaBHY Bepy y AMepHl.\H:' MHJIHl.\a 3epHoB, 1975:
1,1.A. )J;arnac, npopeKTOp JIOH)J;OHCKorYHHBep3HTeTa (1920): "Taj aYTop HHje caMO npoBoKaTHBHH MHCnHnal.\ H nHqHOCT Koja nO)J;CTHqe, Beh HMa H BeOMa pe)J;aK)J;apnpaKTHqKe npHMeHe H)J;eana:' X. 1,1.<1>ajHc-KJIHHToH, aHfJIHKaHCKH CBemTeHHK (1921): "YTHl.\aj KojH je CTeKao CBOjHMnHqHOmhy H 3acnyraMa, Kao H )J;enOM KOje je H3BpmHo, nponoBe)J;ajyhH y MHorHM HamHM KaTe)J;panaMa H l.\pKBaMa, Kao H CBojHM npe)J;aBafuHMa H cnHCHMa, 6e3 npece)J;aHa je 3a je)J;Hor npaBocnaBHor CBemTeHHKa y OBOj 3eMJbH (EHfJIeCKoj, npHM. B. )J;.):' YBo)J;HHqap qaCOnHCa aMepHqKHX enHCKOnaJIal.\a ,,)I{HBa l.\pKBar, (25. jYH 1921): "HHKonaj je gpyiu J1cauja." )J;p l,IejMc T. lliOTBeJI, KapHerHjeBa 3a)J;y)l(6HHa 3a Mel)YHapo)J;HH MHp (5. aBrycT 1927. rO)J;HHe): "Je)J;HaO)J;HajHHTepecaHTHHjHx H HajMapKaHTHHjHx nHqHOCTH nOnHTHqKor )l(HBOTa Ha BanKaHY ... TIo TeMnepaMeHTY MHCTHqap, anH H BHqaH nonH-
"Bna)J;HKa HHKonaj je 6HO cTy6 CpncKe l.\pKBe. Ca)J;a,nocne cBoje CMpTH, OH CTanHO fJIe)J;aBora nHl.\eM y nHl.\e ..:'
THqap H )J;p)l(aBHHK, Kao mTO je Beh )J;OKa3ao,EnHCKon HHKonaj ca)J;p)l(H y
MOHax MrHaTHje (llieCTaKoB), CpeTefucKH MaHacTHp, MocKBa, ype)J;(2003): HHK cajTa www.pravoslavie.ru
ce6H TaKaB cnneT pa3nHqHTHX oc06HHa )J;a6H y cBaKoj 3eMJbH 6HO npH3HaT Kao je)J;HHCTBeHanHqHOCT:'
,,,[(ena CBeTor Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja BeOMa cy nonynapHa KO)J;Hac y PYCHjH. OH je 3a Hac CBeTH Bna)J;HKaHHKonaj, H y TO HHKO He CYMfua:' ,n;p )l{aH-KJIO)J; napme,
npaBocnaBHH Teonor, <1>paHl.\Y3(2003):
"CTOcnoB 0 xpHmhaHcKoj Jby6aBH y KacujaHu, no CBOMKBanHTeTY, HeCYMfuHBO CTaBJbaenHCKona HHKonaja y pe)J;OTal.\a QpKBe:'
1,I0H KHHrc6YPH,
MHHHCTap y Bna)J;HBY)J;poy BHncoHa (1933):
"BH Cp6H MO)l()J;aHe 3HaTe KonHKO je Bna)J;HKaHHKonaj, KojH npHna)J;a qHTaBOM xpHmhaHCKOM CBeTY, l.\efueH H nomTOBaH y AMepHl.\H. OH je 3a CBoj HapO)J;yqHHHO MHoro. BepyjeM Kao noje)J;HHal.\ HajBHme. Ha 3aKa3aHe 6ece)J;e,y noje)J;HHHM rpa)J;OBHMaAMepHKe, JbY)J;Hcy nYTOBanH no HeKonHKO caTH 6p3HM B030BHMa )J;aqyjy fuerOBe npOpOqKe peqH. Ja caM nHqHO nOHOcaH mTO ce y6pajaM y npHjaTeJbe Tora BenHKor cpnCKor CHHa:' )J;aMa Pe6eKa BecT, KfuH)I(eBHHl.\a: "HajH3Y3eTHHje JbY)J;CKO 6Hhe Koje caM HKa)J;acpena ..:' )J;p XapOJI)J; BaKCTOH, aHfJIHKaHCKH 6HcKyn rH6panTapcKH
(1940):
,,3HaM )J;p HHKonaja H3 BpeMeHa paTa, Ka)J;aje rOBopHo y KaTe)J;panH CB. TIaBna, r)J;e ra je cnymano )J;eceTHnH )J;Ba)J;eceTXHJba)J;aJbY)J;H.( ...) qaK H )J;aHacy EHfJIeCKoj, a HapOqHTO y JIOH)J;OHY,nHTajy r)J;eje H mTa pa)J;H)J;p
!8
39
HHKonaj BenHMHpOBHh. OH je 6HO npBH HeaHrnHKaHao; KOMe je 6HJIO p;o3BOJbeHO ~a 6ece~H y KaTe~panH CB. llaBna H Kap;a 6H p;aHaC p;OllIaO, 'IJ1TaB JIOH~OH 6J1 nOXpJIHO p;a ra 'Iyje:' IIo'lacHH "IberoBoM
p;OKTOpaT KOnYM6Hja YHJIBep3HTeTa llpeocBellITeHcTBY
(CALI:, 1946):
HJ1KOJIajy BeJIHMJ1pOBJ1hy, EnJ1CKony
OXpJ1P;CKOMJ1)l(J1'1KOM, KojJ1 je n03HaT no cBOjoj CBeTOCTJ1J1'IOBeKOJby6JbY; 'IJ1ja je npBa 6pJ1ra YBeK 3a CJ1pOMallIHe J1 HecpehHe
y jep;Hoj MHoroHanahe-
Hoj 3eMJbJ1; BeJIJ1KOMHayqHJ1KY J1 nponOBep;HJ1KY, KOjJ1je J13Hap; CBera BeJIJ1Ka MOpaJIHa CHara, p;op;eJbyje ce nO'laCHJ1 p;oKTopaT:'
- BJIa)J;HKaHHKOJIaj Y O'lHMa KOMYHHCTa)Ha~HCTa) YCTama H ))rpa1)aHcKe on~Hje" Y Cp6a -
I,IopJ,l BeJI, 6J1CKyn 'IJ1'1eCTepCKJ1 (1956): ,B:yp;ecaH 'IOBeK - p;a! BeJIJ1KJ1naTpJ10Ta Tora. OH je 6J10 npopoK cyp;a:' Pe30nyQHja
- )];a! AJIJ1, OH je 6J10 BJ1llIe op;
EO)l(jJ1, He caMO EO)l(J1je MJ1JIOCTJ1,Beh J1 EO)l(J1jer
AMepJ1'1Kor
EeoipagcKu
gHe8HuK (1919):
"CaJIOHCKJ1 KaJIyt)ep, PacnyhJ1H:' KOHrpeca
(6p. 98 op; 14. jaHyapa
1957):
"llpep;CTaBHJ1'1KJ1 Ll:OMCALI: je npJ1MJ10 ca )];y60KOM )l(aJIollIhy EnJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIaja, HajBeher
"HAJMPAQHJ1JA nJ1QHOCT Y J1CTOPJ1JJ1 CpnCKOf HAPO,l];A" - nAnAHKE) OBO)KABAnAIJ; XJ1TnEPA
CJ1Ha HallIer )];OCTojHor cpncKor
y p;Ba CBeTCKa paTa, J1p;yxoBHor BOt)y cpncKor
CaBe3HJ1Ka
HapO)];a y JyroCJIaBJ1jJ1. llpep;-
CTaBHJ1'1KJ1 Ll:OMOBJ1M ynyhyje cayqellIhe cpncKoM t.. J1 3aCJIY)l(Hor CJ1Ha." OBor BeJIJ1KOr P;YXOBHor Bo')e
Hapop;y 360r
M. BYKHneBHh
BeCeJIJ1H CMpT
ry6J1TKa
POBaH BHJbeMC, Hap;6J1CKyn KeHTep6epJ1jcKJ1 (2001): "EnJ1CKOn HJ1KOJIaj je, 3a HeKOJIJ1KOreHepan;J1ja 6pJ1TaHCKJ1XaHrnJ1KaHan;a, 6J10 jep;aH op; OHJ1XHeOCnOpHJ1X MOpaJIHJ1X J1p;YXOBHJ1XBeJIJ1KaHa KOjJ1cy 3anap;y nOCBep;O'lJ1JIJ1 HellITO 0)]; p;y6J1He J1 J13a30Ba npaBOCJIaBHOr CBeTa:'
(Ro8a E8poua, 1921):
"PeBOJIyn;J10HapHa IlIYMap;J1ja 3Ha BpJIO p;06po p;a je r. BeJIHMJ1pOBJ1h y CyrnTJ1HJ1 KOHTpapeBOJIyIJ;J10Hap:' H3BemTaj
nocne
npBor
HeMa'lKOr npeTpeca
)l(H'Ie
"HJ1KOJIaj je TJ1n JIYKaBor, 6pYTaJIHOr J1 Tynor n;pKBeHJ1 nornaBap HajBa)l(HJ1jJ1:' Xp8aiUcKu
(Maj 1941):
EaJIKaHo;a, KOjJ1je Kao
Hapog, YCTallIKJ1JIJ1CT(7. Maj 1941), npeHeTo y: KaTOJIH'IKH
Tjep;HHK (CapajeBo,
6p. 23, XVII, 1941):
"Ha CTOJIJ1n;J1CBeTor CaBe - eHrneCKJ1 areHT; PeKJIaMJ1paHJ1 JIJ1KenJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIaja BemIMJ1pOBJ1ha; )l(J1'1a - Kao Cpep;J1llITe eHrneCKe nponaraHp;e; Y HOBJ1je BpeMe BjellITo je CnJIJ1TaHa y cpncKoM Hapop;y JIereHp;a 0 lberOBOM cBeTallITBY; IberoBJ1 rOBOpJ1 nocTajy nponaraHp;a;
J13pa3J1TO llIOBJ1HJ1CTJ1'1KO-nOJIJ1TJ1'1Ka
OH je Han;J10HaJIHJ1 J1 P;YXOBHJ1J1p;eoJIor naHcpncKe
OpraHJ13an;J1je, 'IJ1jJ1 HeBJ1p;JbJ1BJ1JbYP;J1ynpaBJbaxy
60p6eHe
n;J1jeJIJ1M"p;p)l(aBHJ1Mana-
paToM 6J1BllIe JyroCJIaBJ1je; ll;J1jeJIo BOP;CTBOcpncKe n;pKBe je caMO J1rpa'lKa y pYKaMa eHrneCKor enJ1CKOnaTa npeKo p;p HJ1KOJIaja:' Pacnon
HHKOJIa ,IJ;peHoBan;, KOMynHcTa (1945):
,,11 p;aHac Taj J1CTJ1enJ1CKOn HJ1KOJIaj Hp;e no aMepJ1'1KJ1M KaTep;paJIaMa J1nop; MaCKOM'anOCTOJICKeq>Hrype' nponoBep;a Behe CBOjy pot)eHY 3eMJbY J1 Cnpe'laBa H rOJIJ1Ma.
"
Yp;pY)l(elbe npaBOCJIaBHOr "TaKot)e ce orpat)yjeMo
HajoTpOBHJ1jJ1<pallIJ13aM, KJIe-
aKn;J1jy 3a nOMoh 60JIHJ1Ma, rnap;HJ1Ma
CBemTeHCTBa cl>HPJ (1949):
J1 ocyt)yjeMo
MJ1pOBJ1ha J1 I1pJ1Heja 1)opt)eBJ1ha,
pap; J1 enJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIaja BeJIJ1-
KOjJ1 cy ce J1 nOCJIe oCJI060t)elba
Hallie
oTaI,I6HHe 3ap;p)l(aJIJ1 y Ta60py J1MnepHjaJIJ1CTJ1'1KJ1X3eMaJba J1 ca J1MnepJ1jaJIJ1CTJ1ManpJ1)1(eJbKyjy J1 Kyjy nOHOBO ponCTBO 3a Hallie Hapop;e J1cejy JIa)l(J1, MpaK J1 He3Halbe:'
41
, I.~
~.
CBelUTeHHK JOBO Pa1l;0BHh, YAPY)f{elbaQ (1959):
"Y
OBOMpaTY CMOHM3nH qeTHpH BnaAHKe KaO H3AajHHKe, 0A KOjHX Cy TpojHQa AaHaCy AMepHl.\H. HHKonaj BenHMHpOBHh, MpHHej 1)op1)eBHh H ,ll;HoHHcHje MHnHBojeBHh.
)l{anocHa je CnHKa, 6paho, Aa OBa TpojHQa BnaAHKa
He cMejy ce nOBpaTHTH y CBoj HapOA 360r IDHXOBor H3AajcTBa:' MYll ~HPJ (1951), JlOBOAOMoAY3HMalDa Ap)l(aBJbaHCTBa CB. HHKO"llpHnaAHHK
npOTHBHapoAHe nOJIHTHqKe opraHH3al.\Hje 360p H Kao ca-
Y 'IyseHOM cepHjaJIY B92 "lleIlIqaHHK" KBH IlIanyhe':
AaTe cy MHoro6pojHe
nOA Ha3HBOM ,,3aIlITO ce y [(p-
H3jaBe 0 caAallilDeM CTalDYCp6CKe llpa-
BOCJIaBHe[(pKBe; HapaBHO, CBHcarOBOpHHl.\H cy MOpaJIH Aa ce "OqeIlIY" H 0 CBeTor HHKOJIaja )l(HqKor.
"Y MaHaCTHpy apxaH1)eJIa raBpHJIa Y 3eMyHy
HMa jeA-
Ha cppeCKa rAe je npHKa3aH HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHh, a H Y BO)l(AOBaqKoj l.\PKBH, rAe je MHJIHh OA MaqBe OCJIHKaOl.\eJIYl.\PKBY H npeACTaBHO HHKOJIaja
paAHHK oKynaTopa n06erao H3 3eMJbe npeA OCJI0601)elDeM:' MHnom MHHHh (1981):
BeJIHMHpOBHha Kao MyqeHHKa. BeJIHMHpOBHh ce TaMO Halliao Ha CJIHl.\HH Y
"llHCal.\ l.\pKBeHHx 6eceAa y CJIY)l(6H BepcKor cpaHaTH3Ma:' Jby6Hma JaKmHh (OCllo6olje1be, 7. jYJI 1981): "PaTHH 3JIO'lHHal.\ enHCKon )l(HqKH HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHh KOjH je HMao
APYI1ITByl)aKoHa ABaKYMa H apxH1)aKoHa CTecpaHa, KojH cY 1817. Ha6HjeHH Ha KOJIal.\OA cTpaHe TypaKa H oKpY)I(eH je HeKHM 6e3HMeHHM MyqeHHQHMa H3 JaceHoBQa KojH cY OCJIHKaHHOKOlDera:' (KaKaB cTpyqlDaK! CB. ABaKYM je Ha6HjeH Ha KOJIal.\1814. rOAHHe, a CB .
paTHO-3JIO'lHHaqKY 6HorpacpHjy:' .D;paroMHp MHTpOBH1i, KOMYHHCTHqKHHCTOpHqap (1985):
CTecpaH je cTpaAao Kao npBH MyqeHHK, HeKOJIHKOrOAHHa nOCJIeBaCKpcelDa
"HHKOJIaj je 6HO jeAaH 0A fJIaBHHX nOKpeTaqa 3Apy*eHe
XPHCTOBOr!) MHpKO 1)op1)eBHh ce npHAPy*yje JbOTHheBCKHHAeOJIOr':
aKl.\Hje CBHX
peaKl.\HOHapHHx H KOJIa60pal.\J10HJ1CTJ1qKJ1X CHara, IDJ1XOBe60p6e npOTJ1BY napTJ13aHa, KOMYHHCTaH HapoAHor OTnopa:' H080cUlU (6.10.1986): r "HajMpaqHHja JIH'IHOCTy J1CTOpHjHcpncKor HapoAa, lhoTHheB HAeOJIOr, 060)l(aBaJIal.\ XHTJIepa:' MHpKO 1)opl)eBHh
"
,,3amTO ce y U;pKBH manyhe?"
BajcpoPA nOqHlDe:
JIajy:
Ba.
1, . {
40
TBPAIDOMAa je HHKOJIaj 6HO "fJIaBHH
BajcpopA HCTHqe Aa je nOBpaTaK HHKOJIajeBHx MOIlITHjy 1991. 3APY)l(HO Y JIeJIHhy H n03Hl.\Hjy H On03Hl.\Hjy, a Aa je HATO 60M6apAoBaIDe nOBehaJIO HHKOJIajeBY nonYJIapHocT. TpH rOAHHe nOCJIe HATO 60M6apAoBalDa, y COKO rpaAY je oTKpHBaH cnOMeHHK HHKOJIajy. Ty cy 6HJIH H naTpHjapx
(1999):
He60jIlIa
.D;pMHoApar 3e'leBJdi (2001): "EnJ1CKOn Cll[(, aKTHBHH npOTJ1BHJ1KHOll-a,
nejcTBa . M3BecHH nOCTMOAepHH cKojeBal.\ np03HBa HHKOJIaja Kao XHTJIepOBl.\a 360r "Hal.\HOHaJIH3Ma CBeTor CaBe': H TBPAH Aa je "MaJIO reHOl.\HAaH, MaJIO
CJ1MnaTH3ep'IeTHH'IKOr
llaBKoBHh,
H
"BeJIJ1MJ1pOBHhoCTaje jeAHa KapaKTepJ1CTH'IHa npOBJ1Hl.\J1jaJIHanoja-
na Hac BajcpoPA yqH Aa je TO 6HO cpeCTHBaJIaHTHeBpo-
nOKpeTa ,ll;pa)l(e MHXaJ1JIOBHhaH BpJIO6JIH3aK cpaIlIHCTHqKOMnOKpeTY 360p
Y3 AAoJIcpa". (30Be ce MBaH KY3MHHOBHh.) Ha TO ce HaAoBe3yje BajcpoPA,
,ll;HMHTpHja lhoTHha:'
H BeJIH: "OH je '35 rOAHHe Ha KOJIapl.\Y cnoMeHYo XHTJIepa y n03HTHBHOM
"fpyna
HHTeneKTyaJIal.\a"
"OnacHocT BHha."
(2002):
OA TpHjyMcpa $HJI030cpHje naJIaHKe HHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpO-
JOBaH BajcpoPA (2004): "TpHAeceTHx rOAHHa 20. BeKa BeJIHMHpOBHheBa HAeOJIOf}fja je 06e36eAHJIa 3HaqajaH H3BOp HHcnHpa~Hje 3a CHare cpnCKor cpaIlIH3Ma:'
KOHTeKcTYH lDerOBH 060)l(aBaTeJbH AaHac cy BHIlIe nYTa nOKYI1IaJIHAa ce Ha HeKH HaqHH orpaAe OATora H Aa Aajy pa3JIHqHTe HHTepnpeTal.\Hje IlITa je OH TO 3anpaBO )l(eJIeo Aa Ka)l(e:' ,ll;ecHMHp TOIlIHh je Y0'lHO Aa je HHKOJIaj caCBHM Y CKJIaAYca "KOH3epBaTHBHOM JIHHHjOM': Koja "nocTojH
Y BH6JIHjH H nocTojH KOA BeJIHKHXCBe-
Tal.\a Kao IlITO je CBeTH JOBaH 3JIaTOYCTH.OH je 6HO CTpalliHO aHTHjeBpejCKH. E, caAa, KaTOJIHqKa l.\pKBa, Koja HMa O'leBHAHO naMeTHHje JbYAe KaKO je BpJIO AOrMaTHqHa, TO HHje nOTpe6HO Aa nOABJIaqHMO, OHa je Ha MHOrHM nHTalDHMa YCTYKHYJIa': (llo TOIlIHhy, nHCl.\H BH6JIHje, 3JIaToycT H HHKOJIaj cnaAajy Y KOH3epBaTHBHO-fJIyny cTpyjy, jep "Ha MHorHM nHTaIDHMa': HHCY YCTYKHYJIH.)
1, }
42
43
I;
BnA,IJ;J1KA HJ1KOnAJ
J
J1 HAQJ1CTJ1
7~,,:'
it,
npOTeCTaHaTa,
naCTHpy HHMeJIepy
KOjH ce "xpa6po
60pHO 3a JIYTepaHCKY
qpKBY UpOUtUB HeMa"lKUX gUKUtaUtOpa" H 3aTO 3aTO'leH y JIorop.
OH je HH-
MeJIepa HCTHqao Kao npHMep xpa6pOCTH Cp6CKOM npaBOCJIaBHOM CBelliTeH-
CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l{H'IKH H XHTJIepOB~H
CTBY.113 6poja y 6poj, y ,,)I(H'IKOM 6JIarOBeCHHKY': 'IHjH je nOKpOBHTeJb 6HO HHKOJIaj, H3JIa3HJIH cy TeKCTOBH npOTHB allIH3Ma. lhy60MHp
I1BaH'IeBHh
fO,lvme 1935, Y CBOM rOBopy "HaqHoHaJIH3aM CBeTor CaBe': op;p)l(aHOM Ha KOJIapqy, CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(H'IKH je HCTaKao p;a je HaqHoHaJIH3aM
je, YTeKCTY "Qe3ap
CBeTOr CaBe 6HO YHHBep3aJIHO xpHllIhaHcKH,
ca xpHllIhaHCTBOM. HeKH forOBHh je nHcao p;a "paCHO JIYP;HJIOH HaqHoHaJICO-
a HHKaKO "YCKH H mynH
HJIH XPHCTOC': nHcao p;a Kp03 allIH3aMBaCKpcaBa nara-
HH3aM, CBeT JYJIHja Qe3apa,
1lI0-
a He anOCTOJIa naBJIa, H p;a je allIH3aMHecnojHB
qHjaJIHCTH'IKH 6ec" HHCY caBe3HHqH XpHllIhaHa.
He Tpe6a 3a60paBHTH
H Ha TO p;a ce Y npBOM CBeTCKOM-paTY Cp6H Ha POHTOBHMaHHCY JIH6HJIH P;PY)I(elba ca ,,060jeHHMa': qpHqHMa H I1HP;YCHMa, KojHX cy ce IbHXOBH 6eJIH
HHKOJIajeBY 60p6y
npOTHB "TPH aBeTH eBponcKe
qHBHJIH3aqHje':
HH'Iea
op; KOjHX cy npBa p;BojHqa rJIaBHH HHcnHpaTopH
KOJIOHHjaJIHH rocnop;apH,
CTH'IKHX Hp;eja. MHXaHJIO KOHcTaHTHHoBHh, oTaq Pap;oMHpa, nHcqa ,,HJIOcoHjena-
BHHH3aM': nOp;ceTHo je Ha OHY Hapop;HY: "BoroM
6paTe, CYJbO QHraHHHe"
paHqY3H H EHrJIe3~, Tyl)HJIH H Koje cy rJIep;aJIH C
BHCHHe. TOM npHJIHKOM je HCTaKao p;a HajBeha 3aCJIyra 3a TaKaB OP;HOCnpeMa p;pyrHMa npHnap;a HaqHoHaJIHoj Cp6cKoj QPKBH, KOjy je OCHOBao CBeTH CaBa, H Koje Ha nanHCTH'IKO-npOTecTaHTcKoM
3anap;y
cycpeT C HHKOJIajeM y )l{H'IH, Kap;a je HHKOJIaj OlliTpO HCTynHO npotHB ~a je 6HO OP;JIyqHo, cKyna C naTpHjapxoM
llITO je pe'leHO
KOjH "npHnap;a
CBeTHTeJbY,
H HanHcaHO y 1935. rop;HHH pe'leHO je y nOXBaJIY CBeTora
CaBe - CBeTHTeJba, reHHja H xepoja,
HeMa y 'IHjy p;pyry nOXBaJIY. Jep H Tap;,
naCKaJI H XHTJIep nOCJIY)l(HJIH cy MH Kao npHMep Heycnexa y cpaBlbelbY ca cjajHHM ycnexoM CBeTora CaBe:' Te, 1935. rop;HHe, HHKOJIaj je P;06HO H OP;JIHKOBalbe op; XHTJIepa, 3a 06HOBY HeMa'lKOr BojHor rp06Jba paTa y BHTOJbY, jep 3a Cp6e
H3 npBor
MpTaB 'IOBeK BHllIe HHje HenpHjaTeJb.
MY je 360r Tora nOCJIao opp;eH 3a rpal)aHcKe
CBeTCKor XHTJIep
3aCJIyre. (I1JIH, MO)l(p;a HHje?
MO)l(p;a je TO opp;eH 3a capap;IbY npH nHcalbY "MajH KaMna"? Bajopp; he ra 3HaTH.) CBH npep;paTHH
naKTa, H p;a je nop;p)l(ao
TO HCTO, op; npOTeCTaHTCKor p;eJIa HeMa'lKe HaqHje,
aJIH je nHTalbe xohe JIH ycneTH, jep je TO nocao
HHKOJIajeBH
TeKCTOBH 6HJIH cy aHTHHaqHcTH'IKH.
Y anpHJIY 1939, HHKOJIaj je y CBOM TeKc:ry 0 TPH Pajxa aycTpHjcKo-npycKo-TaJIHjaHcKoM
(HanOJIeOHOBOM,
H XHTJIepOBoM) peKao p;a HM je cyp;6HHa
HCTa, H p;a ce cyp;6HHa OBor nocJIep;lber
BHP;H H3 cyp;6HHe npBa p;Ba - "YM 3a
!~.'
BpanqH
nyqHcTe
faBpHJIOM, npoTHB TpojHor
27. MapTa 1941. rop;HHe, 0 TOMe 3Hajy H
Ha rpaHH. qHM cy HeMqH YlliJIH y Cp6Hjy, HHKOJIaj je CTaBJbeH nop;
npHCMOTPY· Jep;aH H3BellITaj "Reichssicherheitshauptammt" He, nHllIe 0 npBOM npeTpecy p;ehe:
op; 22. Maja 1941. rop;H-
)l(H'Ie H npBOM CaCJIYIIIaBalbY HHKOJIaja CJIe-
"HHKOJIaj je THn JIYKaBor, 6pYTaJIHOr H Tynor
BaJIKaHqa,
KOjH je Kao
qpKBeHH nOJIHTH'Iap HajBa)I(HHjH. IherOB YTHqaj Mel)y Hapop;OM H Mel)y CBellITeHHqHMa, KOjH cy y BeJIHKoj BehHHH Ha lberoBoj CTpaHH, BeOMa je 3Ha'lajaH:' YCTalliKH "XpBaTCKH Hapop;" je 7. Maja 1941. 06jaBHo HHKOJIaj npep;CTaBJbeH Kao "qpHopYKaq"
TeKCT y KOMe je
H "eHrJIeCKH areHT':
HeMqHMa je 6HJIO BpJIO CTaJIO p;a HHKOJIaja npeBYKY Ha CBOjy cTpaHY. HOBeM6pa
1941. HaqHcTH'IKH OHqHp TajXMaH ra je y6el)HBao
"He Mp3e Cp6e"
(nocJIe KparyjeBqa
CBor llIea,XapoJIp;a TypHepa,
H KpaJbeBa!),
p;a HeMqH
aJIH je Mopao p;a 06aBecTH
p;a "HHKOJIaj jom Huje HauyciUuo CBOjHeupu-
jaUtelbCKu CUtaB upeMa HeMu,uMa". HHKOJIaj je H3 lhy60cTHlbe y BOjJIOBHqy op;Bep;eH 360r Be3a ca BOl)oM aHTHHaqHcTH'IKor nOKpeTa oTnopa, ~pa)l(OM MHXaHJIOBHheM, H 360r 0p;6Hjalba
MopeM, CMpT 3a BpaTOM': Y ,,)I(H'IKOM 6JIarOBecHHKY" (2/1939), HHKOJIaj op;roBapa p;a npaBOCJIaBHH He npHnap;ajy HH p;eMOKpaTcKoj, HH allIHCTH'I-
OCHOBY·
Koj OCOBHHH, Hero OCOBHHHop; "COJIYHa P;OBJIap;HBOCTOKa': TO jecT "nojacy npaBOCJIaBHHX Hapop;a': "P;YXOBHO-MOpaJIHoj OCOBHHHnOTpe6Hoj qeJIOM CBe-
eJIHKcy BeHqJIepy,
TY': BJIap;HKa je npaTHO H Cyp;6HHY HeMa'lKHX xpHllIhaHa Koje je XHTJIep roHHO, na je, npBH y Cp6HjH, nHcao 0 BOl)H aHTHHaqHcTH'IKH opHjeHTHcaHHX
,,6e'l-
Kor MOJIepa" XHTJIepa H BJIap;e CHJIe KOjy OH cnpoBop;H.
HHje nOllIJIO 3a PYKOM. Cap;allIlbH HeMa'lKH Bol)a' (HH HMe MY HHje nOMeHYTO)
reHHjy H xepojy': TOjecT 'IOBeKY KaKaB je 6HO CBeTH CaBa. Y CBOMnHCMY op; 20. e6pyapa 1946, ynyheHoM enHcKony ~HoHHCHjy, HHKOJIaj Ka)l(e: "CBe
HaqH-
JIaHKe': y CBOjHM p;HeBHH'IKHM 6eJIelliKaMa H3 jeceHH 1940. rop;HHe onHcyje
HeMa. JaH Xyc, BJIe3
naCKaJI H MapTHH JIYTep nOKYlliaBaJIH cy TaKBY qpKBY p;a oCHyjy, aJIH HM TO nOKYIIIaBa p;a HanpaBH
H MapKca,
HH
~apBHHa,
~HMHTpHje
p;a ca HeMqHMa
lhOTHh je, op; Maja p;o aBrycTa
nOCJIOBa KOP;BpxoBHor Ma lhOTHh npoTecTyje
npep;CTaBHHKY
HeMa'lKOr
capal)yje
no 6HJIO KOM
1941, ynYTHo TPH nHCMa MHHHcTapcTBa
CnOJbHHX
KOMaHp;aHTa HeMa'lKHX CHara y Cp6HjH.
Y nHCMH-
360r HHKOJIajeBor
CTaBJbalba nop; cTpa)l(Y H Moryh-
1, '~;:
44
j
"
H~CTH HHTepHaIJ;Hje, qHMe 6H ce "KOM)'HHCTHMa )J;anoMHOrO op}')Kja y pYKe': lhOTHh BenH)J;a je HHKonaj YBeK 6HO npOTHB HHTepHaIJ;HOHana, O)J;MaCOH-
..
45
~,
CHHO)J;O)J;nyqHo)J;anomaJbe faBpHnOBor CHHOBIJ;aL(ymaHa H neKapa L(pel\YHa )J;aHX noceTe (jep cy HeMl\H TO 06ehanH), peqeHO je )J;ace HnaK He 3Ha
CKe)J;OKOM)'HHCTHqKe, H )J;a6H 6HO nojanaH HeMIJ;HMa. AnH, HeMl\H cy 3Ha-
TaqHO r)J;ecy faBpHno H HHKonaj. MHTpononHT
nH npaBo HHKonajeBo
nOMorHe )J;ace OBa )J;BojHIJ;aBpaTe y oTaI,16HHY.O)J;Tora HHje 6Hno HHmTa.
pacnonmKelbe,
H lhOTHhy HHCY BepoBanH.
KacHHje cy HeMl\H nOKymaBanH )J;anpeKo l)eHepana He)J;Hha nOHY)J;e IIaTpHjapxy
faBpHny H Bna)J;HKHHHKonajy
BHl\H, ca3HBalbe apxHjepejcKor
H3na3aK H3 3aTOqelba y Bojno-
ca60pa H HopManH3al\Hjy
pa)J;a UpKBe, nO)J;
ycnoBoM )J;aocy.n;e KOM)'HHcTe. HHKonaj je peKao faBpHny )J;aOH Ha Taj ca60p He 6H Morao )J;OhHjep cy MY HeMaqKH BOjHHl\H n06HnH nona KpaJbeBa, no-
KaKO cy HeMIJ;H nocTynanH
CnaTpHjapxoM
JOCH je MonHO He)J;Hha)J;a faBpHnOM H Bna)J;HKOMHH-
KonajeM npHnHKOM O)J;Bol)elba 3a L(axay? EBO CBe)J;OqelbaH3 "MeMoapa
na-
TpHjapxa faBpHna": "L(OK caM 6HO y BojnoBHIJ;H y MaHaCTHpCKOM3aTBOpy, 3aje)J;HOca enHCKonOM )J;pHHKonajeM, r)J;ecy feCTanOBl\H BpmHnH CBOjy HeqOBeqHY ynory,
nanHnH fOplbH MHnaHOBal\, rOHHnH CBemTeHCTBO H MOHamTBO, pymHnH xpaMOBe H MaHaCTHpe, na 6H OH Ha ca60py Mopao npBO IbHX )J;a)l{Hrome.
r)J;eCMO060jHIJ;a 6HnH Kao P060BH, HHCMOMornH )J;apa3rOBapaMO. feHepan
HHKonaj MY je, y Be3H C OCy.n;OMKOM)'HHCTa, peKao: ,,/ .../ MH CMOH npOTHB
H npHnHKaMa y cpnCKOM HapO)J;Y.HeMl\H TO HHCY HHKaKO XTenH y nOqeTKY )J;a)J;03Bone. TeK Ka)J;cy IbHXOBH HeycnecH CBe BHme H BHme )J;OKa3HBanH)J;a
XHTnepoBHX 6e360)l{HHKa HCTOKao H npOTHB cOBjeTcKHx:' Yn030pHo je IIaTpHjapxa )J;aHe)J;Hha He 30Be "npe)J;ce)J;HHKOMBna)J;e':jep "MH HMaMO CBora neranHor npe)J;ce)J;HHKaBna)J;ey JIOH)J;OHY': Y BOjnoBHl\H je, no CBe)J;OqeIbYBacHnHja KocTHha (14. VII
1952), 0)J;-
He)J;Hh je 3Hao 3a TO. )l(eneo je )J;aHac noceTH H )J;aHac yn03Ha ca CTalbeM
paT H)J;eHa IbHXOBY mTeTY, OH)J;acy YTonHKO nonYCTHnH )J;acy )J;03BonHnH feHepany
He)J;Hhy )J;a)J;ol)e y MaHaCTHp BojnoBHIJ;y )J;aHac BH)J;H.OH je )J;O-
na3HO HeKonHKO nYTa. HamH pa3rOBopH 6HnH cy KOHTponHcaHH. V1cnpe)J;
HOCnpeMa 3aTOqeHHl\HMa 6HO nOHH)I{aBajyhH: "O)J; OBexpaHe H HaMHpHHIJ;a
c06e y KOjOj CMOpa3rOBapanH 6HnH cy reCTanOBIJ;H, HamH )J;p)l{aBJbaHHHe-
Koje cy cnaTe H3 oaHaTa CTpa)l{apH - HeMIJ;H - qeCTO cy BenHKH )J;eo3a)J;p)l{aBanH 3a ce6e, npaBHnH naKeTe H cnanH cBojHMa; qaK cy TaKBe naKeTe cnanH y HeMaqKY. HHKO HHje CMeo )J;aHM ce cynpoTcTaBH. L(emaBano ce )J;a cy CTpa)l{apH - HeMIJ;H - H3 jena HomeHor 3aOTOqeHHIJ;HMaBa)J;HnHMeco H
MaqKOr nopeKna, KojH cy )J;06po rOBopHnH Ham je3HK, Ma)J;acy TO y CBeMY
jenH ra, rOBopehH: HHCY OHH TY )J;ay)l{HBajy, Beh )J;ay 3aTBOpy HcnamTajy, TO cy HenpHjaTeJbH Tpeher pajxa. CTpa)l{apH cy Bpno rpy60 nocTynanH
npe-
CKpHBanH. Ja )l{enHM OB)J;e)J;aH3HeceM Ham nocne)J;IbH pa3rOBOp, KOMe je npHCYCTBOBao H enHCKon)J;p HHKonaj. TpY)J;Hhy ce)J;a ra npeHeceM y l\enHHH, OHaKOKaKO je TeKao. OBaj Ham CaCTaHaK, caonmTHnH
cy HaM reCTanOBIJ;H, Tpe6a )J;a6Y)J;e
nOqeTKOM aBrycTa 1944. rO)J;HHe.TaKo HCTO )J;ahe H enHcKon)J;p HHKonaj
Ma CBHMa, a HapOqHTO npeMa IIaTpHjapxy faBpHny H EnHcKony HHKonajy. 3aTo OHH HHCY HHKa)J;KopHcTHnH )J;03BOJbeHOBpeMe Ka)J;cy nona caTa 3a-
BenHMHpoBHh npHCYCTBOBaTHTOMe pa3rOBOpy. TaKo je H 6Hno. HeMl\H cy
TOqeHHl\H MornH meTaTH y 6amTH nope)J; KOHaKa:' V1npenHCKa HM je 6Hna 3a6palbeHa.
IIpe)J;BHl)eHor )J;aHa)J;omao je feHepan He)J;Hh. oHno je OKO 16 qaCOBa nocne
ECeCOBal\ TajXMaH je CBOjOj 6epnHHcKoj l\eHTpanH 8. cemeM6pa rO)J;HHenHcao)J;a je IIaTpHjapx
faBpHno "aHrnoqmn
1943.
H HMa )J;06pe Be3e ca aH-
rnHKaHCKHM BHCOKHMKnepoM': a )J;aje HHKonaj "aHrnoqmncKH
HacTpojeH
H gaje iloUtilopy CpilCKOMOUtilopy ilpOUtU8 HeMa"lKe", Kao H )J;aje o)J;p)l{aBaO Be3e ca Haop}')KaHHM rpynaMa (OqHTO, l)eHepana L(pa)l{e). IlpHnHKoM
cnpoBol)elba
faBpHna H HHKonaja 3a L(axay, IIaTpHjapx
fa-
npHxBaTHnH Mon6y feHepana He)J;Hha )J;aHac BH)J;HH pa3rOBapa ca HaMa. nO)J;He,Ka)J;aCMOra ja H enHCKon OqeKHBanH. Ymao je y Hamy c06y y IJ;HBHnHOM o)J;eny. OHO je 036HJbHOr H3rne)J;a H lberOBO nHl\e nOKa3HBano je 3aMOpeHocT H qOBeKa KOjH je HeHcnaBaH. AnH lberOBa yrnal)eHocT
H nOHamalbe
6HnH cy YBeK Ha CBOMeMecTY. Y pYKaMa je HMao IJ;pHYTamHY ... IIomTo
CMO ce n03)J;paBHnH H 3aY3enH MeCTa, nOqenH CMOpa3roBop.
Ham cycpeT nHqHO je Ha cyoqelbe TPH 3ap06JbeHHKa: )J;BojHl\e nHmeHHX cno60)J;e,tBojHX BepHHx H CBora Hapo)J;a, H feHepana He)J;Hha KOjH je 6HO y He-
BpHno je npoTecTBoBao jep ce npeMa lbeMY HeqOBeqHO nocTyna, H jep, HaKO
mTO 60JbeM nono)l{ajy, H TO caMO y norne)J;y KpeTalba. Y CTBapH, H OHje 6HO
je 60necTaH, HeMl\H )J;BaMecel\a HHCY )J;03BonHnH )J;ara nperne)J;a neKap. Hal\HcTHqKH OHIJ;HP je peKao )J;ahe CBe)l{an6e MohH )J;aH3jaBH cYTpa)J;aH, y OeqKepeKY, npe)J; BHmHM OHl\HPOM.
3ap06JbeHHK, Kao mTO je 6HO H l\eo Hapo)J;CpncKH ..• / .../ Pa36Hjalbe je)J;HHcTBa cpncKor
Hapo)J;a Tpe6a cMaTpaTH Kao HajBehe
3no ... peKao caM Ta)J;a.IIpeMa TOMe, 6y.n;yhH Ham 3a)J;aTaKcacTojH ce caMO y
Y nHcMY Koje je MHTpononHT CKonCKHJOCH, y HMe CHHo)J;aCIIU, yny_
OBOMcnaCOHOCHOMpemelbY, )J;ace H)J;enpaBHM nYTeM H )J;ace He oKpehe HH
THO He)J;Hhy, BH)J;Hce )J;acy HeMl\H CHHO)J;06aBeCTHnH KaKO cy apXHjepejH
neBO HH )J;eCHO,HHTH naK pa3MHmJbaTH 0 OHOMemTO je )J;Oca)J;pl)aBo 6Hno
faBpHno
H mTO je pa3apano je)J;HHCTBOH cHary cpnCKor Hapo)J;a.To je 6am OHOmTO je
H HHKonaj
O)J;Be)J;eHH y BHHepBan)J; Kpaj oeqa. Mel)YTHM, Ka)J;je
46 HajrroTpe6HJ1je
3a HaIIl OrrCTaHaK. Jep, aKO 6J1 ce pa36J1no
OH.n;aje 6e3 CYMlbe lberOBa
cpehy
po.n;OJby6J1BO cPQe KyQano
J1.n;06po. Ja ra rrorne.n;ax.
ce .n;H)I(e, rrpHl)e 'BaIIla
rrYT H .n;pyrora haMo:
je YBeK 3a cprrCKH Hapo.n;, lberOBY
EHO je TO Y36y.n;JbHB H .n;HpJbJ1B MOMeHaT. OH
HeMa. BJ1 CTe Ka3anH
To je je.n;HHo CprrCKJ1
CBe OHO IIITO MJ1 Cp6J1 )l(enHMO
H oce-
He.n;Hh je 6HO TaKol)e
BaIIloj
J1MrrpeCJ10HHpaH,
anH ce .n;p)l(ao qBPCTO. 0 cpn-
CMaTpaM
CBeTocTH
H BaIIleM
TIpeocBeIIlTeHCTBY
.n;aHaM Y OBOM TpeHYTKY
nJ1 6J1 .n;ace ca OBJ1M carnace: Tocno.n;J1He
feHepane,
Ha BaIIlJ1M peqJ1-
je.n;J1HOOBO Tpe6a,
XBana BaM IIITO CTe npaBHnHO cnacelba,
OQeHJ1nJ1 OHO IIITO
IheroBa
CBeTocT
je TO J13nO)l(J10 Ha je.n;aH HaqJ1H, no KOMe He MO)l(e 6J1TJ1 HJ1KaKBe .n;J1CKYCJ1je.
cnory J1je.n;HHCTBO:
3a HaIIlY
MeHH
CBeTOCTJ1, BH CTe peKnJ1 IIITO je 3a MeHe HajnoTpe6HHje je TaKol)e
Ibe ... HapOqHTO
.n;paro IIITO J1 BaIIle
Y KOM npaBQY,
BaM 3aXBaJbyjeM
Ha caBeTHMa
HeKOnJ1KO .n;aHa, caonIIlTeHO
.n;enJ1 OBO MH-
IIITa CBe Tpe6a
OHH
je .n;J1BHOjYTpO.
cY J1ManH .n;Y)I(HOCT .n;a Hac HeKY.n; cnpOBe.n;y. r.n;e CMO CJ1II1nJ1C KaMHOHa.
J1YMOPHH o.n; BO)l(lbe Y KaMHOHY. HeMaQ
HO CTalbe OBHM je 6Hno caM enJ1CKony
noropIIlaHO.
HHKonajy,
npOTJ1BY OBaKBor
je npOY3pOKOBana
noropIIlalbe
TaKo
20
CMO
060jHQa
CMO
je 6HO IIIoq,ep
KOjJ1
3.n;paBCTBe-
l.JJ1M CMO CTJ1rnJ1 Y BenJ1KJ1 EeQKepeK,
nOIIlTO nocTynKa HaIIler
OKO
OB.n;e CMO QeKa-
Ey.n;HMneIIlTe.
Y TIeIIlTH
ca KaMJ10HJ1Ma, Koja
HOHaKO cna60r
anJ1 HaM je cna60
Morao
HaCTaBJ1nJ1 CMO BO)l(IbY .n;o TIeIIlTe,
IIITa yqJ1-
rna.n;HJ1, )l(e.n;HJ1
cy Hac TpnanJ1 y )l(eJbe3HJ1QKe q,yproHe noropa
HanYCTJ10, a OCTana je caMO reCTanOBaQKa
J1no.n; TaKBHM
)J;axay. JIeKap npaTlba.
MH
Hac je y TIeIIlTJ1
CMO 060jJ1Qa
6HnJ1
o.n; nYTa .n;a'IJ1CMO 6J1nJ1 HJ1 3a IIITa. HeMQJ1 HJ1CY 0 TOMe
Bo.n;J1nJ1paQYHa, Hero
cy Hac no .n;onaCKY CTpnanJ1 y 3nornaCHe
HeMQJ1 o.n; naTpHjapxa
3.n;paBJba. HeMQH
HaM cy
faBpJ1na
KIbJ13J1 "KpaTaK
q,J1jy Bna.n;J1Ke HJ1KOnaja" Cp6CKJ1 apxJ1jepejH KH6ne.
6apaKe,
r.n;e
peKao
(BecT
HH.n;J1jaHa
KJ16ne cy HOCJ1nJ1 Ha 06paMJ1QJ1.
HHKonajy:
nHTao:
Ka)l(lbeHJ1?"
ce .n;J1BJ1BaIIleM
npJ1Qa KaKO cy
J13HOCe H npocJ1najy je QeCTO nocp-
6J10 jaQJ1. Je.n;HoM J1X je je.n;aH
BaM je?': Ha IIITa je naTpJ1japx
"Ka)l(J1 MY: na 3ap cnenaQ
OrOpQeHO
He BJ1.n;J1.n;a cy nponanJ1
3HajyhH
HJ1KOnaj je eceCOBQY TO "npeBeo"
naTpHjapx
1977)
Bna.n;HKa HJ1KOnaj
faBpHno
"KaKo
nOHJ1)1(elbJ1Ma.
OCBpT Ha )l(J1BOTHJ1 nYT J1 q,J1nOCo-
JIaq,ajeT,
.n;OKje naTpJ1japx
He o.n;YCTajy HH
6J1nJ1 no.n;BpraBaHJ1
MOpanJ1 .n;a, no .n;onacKY y norop,
Tao no.n; TepeToM,
cTaje,
J1 Bna.n;HKe HJ1KOnaja
o.n;Bol)elba y )J;axay, r.n;e cy 060jHQa
)J;p CTaHJ1II1J1h, y cBojoj
J1.n;ahe
.n;a TO MO)l(e npecKyno
OBaKO: "IherOBa
.n;a J1X
CBeTOCT CpnCKJ1
pa.n;y H OpraHJ13aQJ1jJ1; OB.n;eHaM je .n;OCTa.n;06po,
anH Bac MOnJ1, nOIIlTO CMO MJ1 BepCKH npe.n;CTaBHJ1QJ1, J1CTapH Jby.n;J1,.n;aHac EceCOBQY ce o.n;roBop
CBJ1.n;J1, H cp6CKe Bna.n;J1Ke o.n;
Ta.n;a HJ1CY J13HOCHne KH6ne. MJ1Tap I,IaKoBHh, H Bna.n;HKa y noropy
pol)aK jenH
naTpJ1japxa
"Qop6y
3eMJbe': J1.n;acy, Ha 06paMHQH,
o.n; pene
faBpHna,
cBe.n;OQJ1.n;acy naTpHjapx
Koja je MJ1pJ1Cana H HMana
EopaBaK
KOHTpona
feCTanoa
ceM Mano MnaKe Bo.n;e y paHJ1M jYTaplbHM
o.n;nyqHo
1.../
IIIeCT
XOTen KOjJ1
QacoBHMa.I
.. ./
y QJ1BHny 6J1na je CTanHa J1.n;albY H Hohi'
I,IaKOBJ1h nJ1II1e J10 HeMaQKHM KOM6HHaQJ1jaMa, Konaj
TeK nocne
y EeQy HJ1je 6J10 HJ1II1Ta 60JbJ1: ,,)J;06J1nH CMO
HJ1je J1MaO rpejalba,
YKYC
y cBoje c06e HOCJ1nJ1J1BO.n;y. Je.n;HoM je HJ1KO-
naj nao J1 nOBpe.n;Ho KoneHO. JIeKap je .n;oIIlao .n;a ra npeBHje caTH.
rOBOpJ1 .n;06po HeMaQKJ1, .n;a nJ1QHO BO)l(lbe
cBoje 3.n;paB-
nJ1paMJ1.n;OHa H aCnJ1pJ1Ha, KaKO 6J1 HaM YMHpJ10
ycnOBJ1Ma .n;OIIlnH CMO .n;o 3nornaCHor
)J;oIIlnJ1
Y npaTIbJ1
je B03HO TaKBOM 6p3J1HOM .n;aCMO ce QenJ1M nYTeM TpeCnJ1. HaIIle
npoTecTyje
60nOBe. Ca OBJ1M neKapOM
nOIIlTe.n;HTe OBora nocna:'
HHTepeca:
HaM je .n;ace CnpeMJ1MO 3a nYT, a
nJ1 Ha B03 KojJ1 je HMao .n;a Hac 0.n;Be3e Y npaBQY 60neCHH
.n;a QJ1HJ1MO,
Hapo.n;a HlberOBJ1X
HHCY XTenH .n;a HaM Ka)l(Y. OCBaHyno
CTJ1rnH .n;o BenJ1KOr EeQKepeKa,
peKao
J1HajBa-
...
cy KaMJ10HH H Y je.n;aH CMO ymnJ1 ja J1 EnJ1CKOn HHKonaj recTanoBaQa.
Hac je .n;06po pa3YMeo,
HHTJ1. )J;ao HaM je HeKonHKO
3a OBO 6J1TJ1 npaBe.n;Ho
TIpeocBeIIlTeHCTBO
je.n;HJ1 .n;pyre, Y 0.n;6paHH HaIIler
( ... ) TIocne
OH Hac je nJ1TaO IIITa HaM q,anJ1. MJ1 CMO MY 06jaCHJ1nH
eceCOBCKJ1 nYKoBHHK
Kao je.n;J1HOcnaCOHOCHO 3a .n;aJbHTOK HaIIle 3aje.n;HHqKe cpnCKe capa.n;-
nOMa)l(yhJ1
6HnH
Ha
He.n;J1h o.n;rOBopH:
)l(HJ1je H pa.n;J1 qera caM .n;oIIlao .n;a ca BaMa pa3rOBapaM
IIIJbelbe,
HaIIlao.
CTBeHO CTalbe, a HapOQJ1TO nocne.n;J1Qe BO)l(lbe KaMJ10HOM Kojy je 6J1no TeIIlKO
nocne
Koje ce cacTOjH Y 6paTCKOMe J13MJ1-
Y lbeMY je CBe peqeHO IIITO je HajnoTpe6HJ1je
.n;a
.n;p)l(aBJbaHJ1H. YBenJ1 cy Hac y QeKaOHJ1QY Ha CTaHJ1QJ1 r.n;e Hac je oBaj neKap
J1CBJ1.n;pyrJ1 J1Ma-
J1 3aje.n;HJ1qKoj 0.n;6paHJ1 HaIIlJ1X CpnCKJ1X J1HTepeca.
anJ1 cy J1naK rrpe.n;Y3enH
KojJ1 je 6J10 no Hapo.n;HoCTJ1 Pyc, anH je 6J10 HaIIl
je )l(J1BOT 6J10 HeMoryh:'
3aTJ1M Y3e peq enJ1CKOn HHKonaj:
HaM npe.n;CTojH Ha nYTY HaIIlera
'BaIIla
J1 HJ1CY HJ1II1Ta o.n;rOBapanH,
TOnJ1KO H3HypeHH
Ma, Koje cY Ha Moje cPQe J1.n;ymy .n;enoBane Kao MeneM Ha paHY ...
OBO, reHepan
Ha CBe TO ryHl)anJ1
J1H3HypeHJ1.
EJ10 je OqJ1TO 3a.n;OBOJbaH ca MojJ1M MJ1II1JbelbeM H errJ1CKOna HHKonaja
pelbY
",
J13.n;p)l(aTH. JIeKap
Bac rOBOpJ1 CBeTJ1 CaBa.
CKOM nYTY, na o.n;roBOpJ1: 'XBana
l'
HaM .n;OBe.n;yje.n;Hor neKapa,
MH PYQJ1 H peqe:
CBeTOCTJ1, Kp03
feHepan
HeMJ1HOBHa ...
je 6J10 He06J1qHO pa.n;OCTaH. Y lberOBJ1M OqJ1Ma 6Hne
ErrJ1CKOrr HHKonaj cy CY3e. IherOBO
rrporraCT
cprrCKO je.n;HHCTBO,
47
0.n;6J1nJ1:
Koje cy faBpJ1nO J1 HJ1-
49
48 "llpe
]\Ol1aCKay Beq, naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a H enHCKOna HHKol1aja HeM~H
06pa3yje Bl1a]\y. EnHCKon HHKol1aj je 6HO npOTHBaH roplboj
nOHY]\H, al1H je
cy npeMeCTHl1H H3 ,[(axaya, jy>KHO 0]\ MHHxeHa 70 KM H CMeCTHl1HHX y je]\HY
o CBeMYO]\Max 06aBeCTHO naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a, KOjH MY je O]\rOBOpHO ]\a OH
rocTHoHH~y, y MecTY IlIl1Hp3e, Ha je]\HOM je3epy, r]\e cy ce Mal10 onopaBHl1H. llOHOBO cy HX BpaTHl1H y Beq ...
Ka]\a MY TO HYAe HaWH HenpHjaTelbH, KojH cy Hac ynponaCTHlIH
CTalbe IbHXOBor 3]\paBlba 6HijO je OqajHo. BHl1H cy 060jH~a C THM WTO ce enHCKon HHKol1aj ]\p)l(ao 60lbe. BHl1H cy 060jH~a
OPOHYl1H, 3aMopeHH
H TY)l(Hor H3rJIe]\a HHCY 6Hl1H HH Cl1HKa0]\ OHe KaKO cy H3rl1e]\al1H YOqH paTa 1941. rO]\HHe . ,[(06Hl1H CMO(y Beqy) XOTel1KOjH HHje HMao rpejalba, BO]\e y paHHM jYTaplbHM qaCOBHMa. llaTpHjapx
ceM Mal10 Ml1aKe
faBpHl10 ]\06HO je c06y, ca
lIHqHO 3Ha WTa Tpe6a ]\a pa]\H H ]\a MY caBeTH HHCY nOTpe6HH. llorOTOBY H paT Beh
H3ry6Hl1H. EnHCKon HHKOlIaj je TO nOHOBHOHeM~HMa. YCl1e]\ 60M6ap]\OBaIba, npHl1HKe y Beqy 6Hl1e cy TeWKe H OqajHe. XOTel1 y KOMe CMO6HlIH 6HO je nOlIa YHHWTeH. BHlIO je MHoro )l(pTaBa. Mopal1H CMO]\a MelbaMO xOTel1. llOWTO cy cOBjeTcKe Tpyne 6Hl1e Ha ]\OMaKY Beqa, TOcy HeM~H y nOCl1e]\lbeM MOMeHTYpewHl1H ]\a eBaKYWwy llaTpHjapxa
H EnHcKona HHKol1aja. To
je 6HlIO 31. MapTa 1945. rO]\HHe. Ha nYT CMOnOWl1H HeWTO OKO 20 qaCOBa.
je]\HHM KpeBeToM, y Kojoj je 6H110H je]\HO KaHa6e, Ha KOMe caM ja cnaBao ...
Ca IbHMa caM 6HO y je]\HHM Mal1HM KOl1HMa.HeMaqKa npaTlba cacTojal1a ce
EnHcKon HHKol1aj je (]\06HO) HMao je]\HY Mal1Y c06y. KOHTpol1a fecTa-
0]\ Majopa tJepHHja, Bel1HKor XHTl1epoBor npHCTal1H~e. OH je 6HO rJIaBHH
noa, y ~HBHl1Y, 6Hl1a je CTal1Ha - H ]\albY H Hohy. KOHTpol1a npH Yl1a3Y 6Hl1a
KOjH je y cBeMY 6HO Ha]\l1e)l(aH 3a Hawe nYToBalbe. 3aTHM je]\aH KaneTaH fe-
je Bp110 cTpora, KO]\ CBHX Cp6a KojH cy Tpa)l(Hl1H noceTY KO]\ naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a H enHCKona HHKol1aja.
CTanoa H KaMHOH ca 20 Haopy>KaHHx BOjHHX l1H~a. Y jYTaplbHM qaCOBHMa
llpBa noceTa IbHMa 6Hl1a je 0]\ reHepal1a MHl1aHa He]\Hha H ,[(HMHTpHja
CTHrJIH CMOY Kl1areH
JboTHha. OHH cy HX 06aBecTHl1H ]\a cy BpWHl1H HHTepBeH~Hje Ha HeM~e ]\a
3aWTHTH H nOMorHe. Y Kl1areH
HX nycTe H3 3aTBopa ... HeM~H cy YBeK 06ehaBal1H ... al1H TOje oCTajal1o caMO Ha 06ehaIbY".
6H110je cTpawHo 60M6ap]\OBalbe H HeM~H cy Hac eBaKYHcal1H y el1]\eH,r]\e
feHepal1 He]\Hh H ,[(HMHTpHje JbOTHh Tpa)l(Hl1H cy 0]\ HeMa~a ]\a HM ce
TeK WTO CMO ce O]\MOPHl1H, nOqe110 je 60M6ap]\OBalbe ... To ce nOHaBlbal1O
(n. r. H E. H.)
]\03B0l1H]\a omYTyjyy
IlIBaj~apcKY
H TaMO ce onopaBe H l1e-
qe. HeM~H cy TO Hepa]\O npHMHl1H H, ca pa3HHM MOTHBa~HjaMa, H3HOCHl1H ]\a je TO TeWKO, al1H ]\a he nOKywaTH ... llpBH nOKywaj HeMa~a ]\a HX npH]\06Hjy
3a cBoje nOl1HTHqKe ~HlbeBe
6HO je oBaj: y
6HO je ca3BaT KOHrpec ~pKaBa,
no]\ oKyna~HjoM XHTl1epoBoM ... llaTpHjapx TO KaTerOpHqKH 0]\6Hl1H •..
faBpHl10 H EnHcKon HHKol1aj cy
,[(pyrH nOKywaj
6HO je ]\a pa3]\BojH naTpHjapxa
CMOOCTal1HCe]\aM ]\aHa. BHl1H CMOCMeWTeHH y je]\Hoj Mal10j rOCTHOHH~H CBaKH ]\aH. fOCTHoHH~a je 6Hl1a CTpaxOBHTO oWTeheHa H nOl1ynaHa CTaKl1a. llpe]\
Beqe npBor ]\aHa, H3aWl1H CMOy 6awTY rOCTHOHH~e H cel1H. O]\Max cy
]\OWl1H Cl1oBeH~H, KOjH TY cTaHyjy,]\a n03]\paBe llaTpHjapxa ]\HO ]\a HeMaMO npaBO ]\a ca IbHMa pa3rOBapaMO. llaTpHjapx
faBpH110 6HO je
lbYT H Ha
HHje. 3aWTO Hac OBaKOMyqHTe H ~elbyjeTe? faBpHl1a H enHCKona
faBpHl1a H EnH-
CKona HHKol1aja. CaMO WTO CMOce n03]\paBHl1H, Majop tJepHH HaM je Hape-
Baw nocTynaK je ]\HBlbaqKH ..:
HeM~H cy C110BeH~e OTepal1H H3 6aWTe. Y TOj cBa1)H]\Owao je ca opY)l(aHOM
HHKol1aja, CTHM WTO 6H OH (enHCKon HHKol1aj) omYTOBao Y Cl1oBeHHjy, ]\a
npaTIbOM BojBO]\a MOMqH110 1)yjHh. To je HeM~e H3HeHa]\H110, jep TO HHje
06H1)e Cp6e H36erJIH~e. Me1)YTHM, enHCKon HHKol1aj HHje )l(el1eO ]\a Yl1a3H
6H110npe]\BH1)eHO. HeM~H cy ce CMHpHl1H,al1H Majop tJepHH npe]\Y3eo je no-
y 3aMKe, H ]\a ce O]\Baja 0]\ cpnCKor naTpHjapxa faBpHl1a.
Tpe6HTe KopaKe, ca Tel1e<poHOM.HaCTal1a je cBa1)a H3Me1)y Majopa tJepHHja
TpehH nOKywaj HeMa~a 6HO je y OBOMe:HeM~H cy cyrepHcal1H MHl1aHY
H BojBO]\e 1)yjHha, KOjH je peKao: ]\a he naTpHjapxa
H enHCKona HHKol1aja
He]\Hhy ]\a 06pa3yje CBOjy ]\pyry Bl1a]\y KOjy je y Beorpa]\y 6HO HanYCTHO, npe]\ n0l1a3aK y HeMaqKY. llo IbHXOBOMMHwlbelbY Bl1a]\a 6H 6Hl1a CaCTaBlbe-
]\a BO]\H y Cl1oBeHHjy, r]\e ce Hal1a3e Cp6H ... Majop
Ha 0]\ CBHXcpncKHx rpyna, Koje 6H ce C110)l(Hl1ey je]\HOM nporpaMY. Me1)yTHM, caM reHepal1 He]\Hh je npHqaO ]\a HeMa HHKaKBO nOBepelbe y HeM~e,
B. ,[(.), H3 TpcTa, H 3axTeBao ]\a je HeMaqKa Bl1a]\a Hape]\Hl1a ]\a ce naTpHjapx H enHCKon HHKol1aj BpaTe y HeMaqKY, 6e3 noroBopa. OHH cy 060jH~a 0]\6H-
HHTH HM Bepyje. HapoqHTo
0]\ 23.
tJepHH je TO 0]\6HO. TeK
cYTpa]\aH, YBeqe, ]\owao je HeMaqKH reHepal1 K11060qHHK (f11060qHHK, Han.
l1H ]\paKoHcKY 3anOBeCT HeMa~a. HHje 6HlIO CHl1e]\a HX BpaTe. Y ]\HCKYCHjy
nOKywal1H, H3a KYl1Hca, ]\a ra CMeHe. OH je CBe TO... npHqaO naTpHjapxy H enHcKony HHKol1ajy. llOCl1e lberOBor 0]\6Hjalba, HeM~H cy nOKywal1H ca
ce YMewao BojBO]\a 1)yjHh H peKao: 'AKo HeM~H HaMepaBajy ]\a HX BpaTe y HeMaqKY, OBaKO601IeCHe, OH]\a ce BapaTe! fapaHTyjeM aKO ce TO ]\eCH ]\a
enHCKonOM HHKol1ajeM H CBojHM pa3rOBopHMa nOHY]\Hl1H MY ]\a OH l1HqHO
heMO Bac HanaCTH CBHM HaWHM CHaraMa!' - feHepal1 K11060qHHK Hawao ce
50
51
Y TellIKoj CJ1TyaQHjH.:£1llIao je Aa TeJIeoHHpaH Ayro ce 3aAp)f(ao. OKO rrOHO-
je ,[{JiMHTpHje JhoTHh, KOjH je Tpe6aJIo Aa ce orrpocTH ca rraTpHjapxoM
hH je OmYTOBaO. HHllITa HHje peKaO, HH jeAHo HH APyrO ... MH CMO,Haj3aA,
errHCKorrOM HHKOJIajeM. To je 6HJIO Y 30py 24. arrpHJIa. lheroBa
OKOjeAHor can
na je BeJIHKa )f(aJIOCT. Y lberOBHM KOJIHMa 6HO je cYAHja JOBO CapqeBHh,
yjYTPO rrOllIJIH Y fOPHQY, ca opY)f(aHOM rrpanbOM BojBoAe
MOMqHJIa 1)yjHha. EHJIOje TOTellIKO rrYTOBalbe rrpeKO EpeHepa, rAe je rrYT H ca06pahaj
6HO rropeMeheH 60M6apAOBalbeM rrpBor AaHa. AJIH, rropeA CBera
HerrpHjaTHor, CTHrJIH CMOY CBeTH TIeTap - fOPHQY, rAe ce HaJIa3HO llITa6 r. 1)yjHha. ,[{OqeKaHH CMOY CBeMYA06po H CpAaqHO. Cp6H cy rr03ApaBJbaJIH CBYAa rraTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H errHCKorra HHKOJIaja, KOjH HHCY rrpaBHJIH pa3JIHKY H3Mel)y Cp6a H IbHXOBHX pa3JIHqHTHX rJIeAHllITa. ,[{OqeKaHH CMOY CBeMYA06po H CpAaqHO. Cp6H cy rr03ApaBJbaJIH CBYAa rraTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H errHCKorra HHKOJIaja, KOjH HHCY rrpaBHJIH pa3JIHKY H3Mel)y Cp6a H IbHXOBHX pa3JIHqHTHX rJIeAHllITa. ,[{HMHTpHje JhOTHh, H OCTaJIH,rr03ApaBHJIH cy HX CpAaqHO. TaKo HCTO
H
CMpT 6H-
rrpHjaTeJb errHCKorra HHKOJIaja, Kora je qHM CMOAOllIJIH Tpa)f(HO Aa MY 6YAe ceKpeTap. Tora AaHa H3BpllIeHo je orreJIO HaA ,[{HMHTpHjeM JhoTHheM, rAe je ErrHcKorr HHKOJIaj 0Ap)f(ao CBOj rOBop. 060jHQa
cY rrpHcycTBOBaJIH orreJIY.
TIocJIe cBpllIeHor
orreJIa BpaTHJIH CMOce Aa ce OAMOpHMO3a rrYT, KOA r. 1)y-
jHha. IlaTpHjapx
H ErrHcKorr HHKOJIaj cY 6HJIH cTpallIHo YMOpHH. )KeJIeJIH
cy Aa rrOqHHY. JallIa JhOTHh je AOllIao Aa ce rr03ApaBH C rraTpHjapxoM
H Aa
MY 06jacHH CMpT CBora 6paTa, KaKO ce AeCHJIa. ErrHCKorr HHKOJIaj je pa3roBapao ca BojBOAoM 1)yjHheM, CKOpOCBe BpeMe. TIOllITO ce JallIa rr03ApaBHO ca rraTpHjapxoM faBpHJIOM, ja caM rrpHjaBHo errHcKorry HHKOJIajy, KojH ra je rrpHMHO 0AMax Y rrpHCYCTBYr.1)yjHha.
Ha Kpajy pa3rOBopa, JallIa ra je 06a-
BeCTHOAa cy H3a6paJIH 1)OKY CJIHjerrqeBHha Aa ra rrpaTH Ha rrYTY, rrOllITO je
H rrpeACTaBHHQH CJIOBeHaQa, KojH cy MHoro qHHHJIH 3a H36erJIHQe. TIaTpH-
CapaqeBHh 6HO palbeH H HHje Morao rrYTOBaTH. Ha TO je errHCKorr HHKOJIaj
japx faBpHJIO HM je 3axBaJIHO Ha IbHXOBOj 6paTcKoj rra)f(IbH H pa3YMeBalbY Y TellIKHM paTHHM rrpHJIHKaMa.
OArOBopHO: ',[{06po JallIO!' OAMax rrOCJIeTora rrpellIJIH CMOY BeJIHKY caJIY,
EopaBaK rraTpHjapxa
faBpHJIa H errHCKorra HHKOJIaja (OBAe) HHje 6HO
rAe cy qeKaJIH OCTaJIH Cp6H Aa ce rr03ApaBe. EHO je rrpHcYTaH H reHepaJI MHoApar ,[{aMjaHoBHh ..:'
HHKaKO rro BOJbH(HeMQHMa), oKyrrJbalbe Cp6a H pa3rOBopH ca CJIOBeHQHMa, HHCY HM 6HJIH AparH. Majop qepHH je caorrllITHO Aa he HeMaqKa BJIaAa Aa HM AaAHe A03BOJIY3a IlIBajQapcKY.
* * * "Ha AaH 8. Maja 1945. AOllIao je KOA rraTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H errHCKorra
Ha rrYT je Tpe6aJIo Aa ce KpeHe 23. arrpHJIa Y rroHoh, paAH 60M6apAoBaIba. OH je HarJIaCHOAa he CBHrroTpe6HTH rrarrHpH 6HTH crrpeMHH KaKO TO H Tpe6a Aa 6YAe. TIaTpHjapx faBpHJIO H ErrHCKorr HHKOJIaj HHCYY TO BepOBaJIH: OHH cy MHCJIHJIHAa cy TO HeMaqKe CMHQaJIHQe,caMO Aa 6H HX YKJIOHHJIHH3 CJIOBeHHje. To je 6HJIO ABa AaHa rrpeA YCKpC, a rraTpHjapx H errHCKorr HHKOJIaj )f(eJIeJIHAa rroceTe CprrCKY QPKBYY TpCTY H Aa 0Ap)f(e 60rocJIY)f(elbe, Ma-
HHKOJIaja aMepHqKH BHllIH BojHH CBellITeHHK, Y qHHY rrYKoBHHKa, Aa ce HHopMHllIe 0 IbHMa H IbHXOBHM rroTpe6aMa.
TIOllITO ce yrr03Hao ... Y3eo je
YJIory Ha ce6e Aa HX rrOMome H Aa rrOAHece H3BellITaj reHepaJIY KOJIHHCY,KOMaHAaHTY 22. aMepHqKe AHBH3Hje. IlocJIe Tora ... A06HJIH CMOJIerr cMellITaj, Y jeAHoj JIerroj HOBOj KyhH Koja je 6HJIa JIerro HaMellITeHa. TIpBH crrpaT A06HO je ErrHcKorr HHKOJIaj, ca lberOBOM rrpaTlboM.
jop qepHH ce rrpBO orrHpao, aJIH rrpeA 3aXTeBOM Cp6a Mopao je rrorrYCTHTH.
,[{pyror
Y TpcT CMOAOllIJIH Y cy60TY Beqe, 20. arrpHJIa. KOHaqHJIH CMOY jeAHoM xo-
(TIpHJIHKOM rroceTe KOjy HM je yqHHHO reHepaJI KOJIHHC)060jHQa cY ra
TeJIYH cYTpaAaH AOllIJIH Y [(pKBY CBeTor CrrHpHAoHa, jeAHY OA HajJIerrllIHX H HajJIYKcY3HHjHx HallIHX QPKaBa. TIaTpHjapx H ErrHcKorr HHKOJIaj, HaKO cY 6HJIH H3HypeHH H cJIa60r 3ApaBJba, 0ACJIY)f(HJIH cY CJIY)f(6y. qHM je-6HJIO rOTOBO,[(0 Y TpcTY )f(eJIeJIaje Aa rrpHpeAH pyqaK Y IbHXOBY qaCT. Mel)YTHM, Majop qepHH HHje XTeo Aa TO oA06pH ... Tora AaHa AOllIao AP Hoj6axep,
MHHHCTap (H peKao HM): 'BH HAHTe Y
IlIBajQapcKY. CBH rrarrHpH cy Y peAr: HaCTaJIa je AHcKycHja, a AP Hoj6axep je rrpeKJIHlbaO Aa rrpHMe rroHYAY. Ha Kpajy, MOpaJIH cY rrpHcTaTH. TIOJIa3aK je rrpeABHl)eH 3a 24. arrpHJI Y 11 qaCOBa... Haj3aA, CMO rrOllIJIH Y 1 qac, 22. arrpHJIa H CTHrJIHpaHo Y fOPHQY, KOABojBoAe MOMqHJIa 1)yjHha. EHJIOje rroTpe6HTo Aa ce oAMope 3a rrYToBalbe. Mel)YTHM, Ha rrYTY 3a fOPHQY, rrOrHHYo
AaHa AOHeo je rrYH I,IHrr HaMJipHHQa CBaKe BpcTe ...
3aMOJIHJIHAa IbHXOBY rrHcMeHY MOJI6y ypyqH reHepaJIY Aj3eHxayepy,
rJIaB-
HOM KOMaHAaHTY aMepHqKe BojHe CHJIe. OH je 06ehao Aa he CBe yqHHHTH. Mel)YTHM 6allI THX AaHa, rrojaBHo ce MapllIaJI fepHHr H pa3roBapao
ca aMe-
PHqKHM OHQHpHMa,llITO je OAMax H3a3BaJIOrrpoTecT cOBjeTcKe BojcKe, TaKO Aa je 22. AHBH3Hja CMelbeHa H AOllIJIa je 36. AHBH3Hja ..:' TIo CBeAoqelbY AP 1)oKe CJIHjerrheBHha, KaAa cY ce rraTpHjapx faBpHJIO H IlJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj HallIJIH Y Eeqy, rropeA IbHX je 6HJIa HeMaqKa rrpaTlba, "Koja HHje OrpaHHqaBaJIa IbHXOBY CJI060AY': (3allITo HX OHAa HHCY rrytTHJIH Aa OAY AHrJIoaMepHKaHQHMa?)
Y <1>eJIAeHY, rAe cy H3 Eeqa Cp6CKH errH-
CKorrH CTHrJIH, rropeA rrpoecopa qepHHHa H IlIMayca (y HeMaqKHM YHHopMaMa), 6HO je H jeAaH rroAoHQHPHaQHCTHqKe Ap)f(aBHe 6e36eAHocTH.
53
52 ("OClI060I)eHJ1':
3ap He?) M I-bJ1XOB60paBaK y ClIOBeHJ1jJ16J10 je nOA HeMa'l-
KJ1MHaA30pOM. qaK J1 KaA cy, HaBOAHO, HeMn:J1 OA06pJ111J1Cp6CKJ1M enJ1CKOnJ1Ma OAlIa3aK AO llIBajn:apCKe rpaHJ1n:e, npeKO Koje je Tpe6allo
Aa ce J1l1erallHO npe6an:e,
J1 AaJbe J1XHJ1CYOCTaBJballJ1 6e3 cBoje npaTI-be. ClIJ1jen'leBJ1h,
nOBOAOM I-bJ1-
1941. rOAJ1He OAHOCJ13Mel)y HeMan:a J1 Cp6a je 6J10 jacHo
)l{J1M.OA anpJ1na
nOCTaBJbeH: HeMl\J1 cy oKynaTOpJ1 J1 rocno~apJ1 cy P060BJ1, paTHJ1 3ap06JbeHJ11\J1 6e3 063J1pa.me
HJ1'1KJ1MnOrOpJ1Ma mJ1pOM HeMatIl<e, 6J1no y Cp6J1jJ1, 6e3 063J1pa Ha KaKBOM cy ce nono)l{ajy
Hana3J1JIJ1
XOBor 60paBKa y KJ1n:6J1l1Y,Ka)I(e: "KaA CMOce OBAe HallIlIJ1, 6J1110je pa3HJ1X
nO'leB OA reHepana
KOM6J1Han:J1ja KaKO heMO J1 KaAa 6J1TJ1 npe6a'leHJ1
na AO nocneAI-ber
HJ1je, pa3YMe ce, 6J1110 HJ1llITa:' JeAHOM pe'ljy JboTJ1hy 06ehanJ1
y IlIBajn:apcKY.
OA Tora
- HeMn:J1 cy naranJ1
KaA cy
Aa he CBe yqJ1HJ1TJ1 Aa Cp6CKJ1 enJ1CKOnJ1 CTJ1rHYAO llIBaj-
n:apcKe rpaHJ1n:e. KaA cy CTJ1fJIJ1AMepJ1KaHn:J1, OHJ1HJ1CY06pahanJ1
noce6HY
na)l{I-bY Ha
I-bJ1aycTpJ1jcKJ1X BnaCTJ1.
6e3 063J1pa '1J1Me cy ce 6aBJ1nJ1, Cp6J1 cy 6J1nJ1 cnaca,
CeJbaKa, paAHJ1Ka J1nJ1 AeTeTa y KoneBn:J1, HeMa'lKJ1 3apo-
6JbeHJ1n:J1 Ha OACYCTBY.HeMa'lKJ1 oKynaTOp llITO MY ce npOXTeno,
je Morao
ca Cp6J1Ma Aa paAJ1
6e3 063J1pa Aa nJ1 je TO 6J1no y CKnaAY ca OApeA6aMa
Cp6J1, HeMa'lKJ13ap06JbeHJ1n:J1,
- BojHJ1Ka J13 anpJ1nCKOr paTa 1941, y Cann:6ypry,
J1 OAaT1Ie je
OTJ1llIaO y EHfJIecKY, na y CA,lJ;.
faBpJ1no J1 enJ1CKOn HJ1KOnaj cy 6J1nJ1 npJ1TBOpeHJ1 J1 CTa-
KaA cy HeMn:J1 nO'lenJ1 Aa ce nOBna'le J13 EeorpaAa Kpaj MJ1HXeHa. KaA cy reHepan ce Hana3e naTpJ1japx
nYIIITanJ1 Ha cn060AY. EBO llITa OH Ka)l{e: ,,)KpTBe Han:J1CTJ1'1KOrTepopa
Ma'lKOr onYHoMoheHJ1Ka
peT-
I-bJ1XOBJ1MyqJ1TeJbJ1, a HapO'lJ1TO He, Kao llITO je TO
ca BenJ1MJ1pOBJ1heM J1 ,lJ;O)l{J1heM,Ha OCHOBYnperOBopa
J13Mel)y
HeMa'lKe J1 Han:J1CTJ1'1KJ1XKona60pan:J10HJ1CTa:'
Kao llITO je 3anJ1CaO )l(J1BOTa MJ1neHKOBJ1h ("MCKpa': naTpJ1japxa
1. Aen:eM6ap 1996):
3a JyrOJ1CTOK XepMaHa Hoj6axepa ,lJ;axay. Hoj6axep
Aa J13AejcTByje
je Ha caCTaHKY y Ee'lY,
13. Aen:eM6pa 1944. rOAJ1He 06aBeCTJ10 JboTJ1ha Aa ce 'I-beroBoj Mon6J1 J13aJ1 Aa cy naTpJ1japx
faBpJ1nO J1 enJ1CKOn HJ1KOnaj nYIIITeHJ1 J13
paBKa' (E. KOCTM: 3a uciUopujy H3):\ejcTBoBao Aa ce naTpJ1japxy
HaUlUX gaHa,
paAJ1 ne'leI-ba J1 ono-
CTp. 187). Hoj6axep
je TaKol)e
raBpJ1ny J1enJ1CKony HJ1KOnajy 'A03BOnJ1 cno-
faBpJ1na J1enJ1CKOna HJ1KOnaja nJ1CaHO
60AHO KpeTaI-be Ha HeMa'lKOM Tny'. (MJ1cnJ1 CBaKaKO Ha CBe Tno oKynJ1paHO
he ce 0 TOj TeMJ1 jOllI nJ1CaTJ1, jep J13fJIeAa Aa
0):\ cTpaHe HeMa'lKe BojHe CJ1ne - )1(. M.) TaKo cy OHJ1 MOrnJ1 Aa OAYy Ee'l,
jOllI yaeK HJ1je CBe 06jeKTJ1BHO pa3jallII-beHO 0 I-bJ1XOBOjcYA6J1HJ1Y BpeMeHCKOMnepJ10AY OA anpJ1na
faBpJ1nO J1 enJ1CKOn HJ1KOnaj, 0AMax cy 3aMOnJ1nJ1 He-
,lJ;axay J1 'caAa ce Hana3e y jeAHoM MecTY y EaBapcKoj
llYIIITaI-be J13 ,lJ;axaya HJ1je J1CTOllITO J1 oCll0601je1be og HeMa'iKe ciUpQ.J/Ce.
,,(...)0 ocn060l)eI-bY
HeAJ1h J1 ,lJ;J1MJ1TpJ1jeJboTJ1h Ca3HanJ1 rAe
I-bJ1XOBOnYIIITaI-be J13 KOHn:noropa llIno y cycpeT'
pe'l?
je AO caAa AOCTa, a BepoBaTHo
oHAa cy nOBenJ1 ca C060M
J1 I-bJ1XABOjJ1n:yJ1 CTpnanJ1 J1Xy 3nOrnaCHJ1 KOHn:eHTpan:J10HJ1nOrOp y,lJ;axay,
JOBaH Eaj
o '1eMY je, 3anpaBO,
CaMO
BJbeHJ1 nOA AJ1peKTaH HaA30p HeMa'lKe BojHe CJ1ne y MaHaCTJ1py BojnOBJ1n:a.
TJ13Ma" CBe BpeMe J1HCJ1HYHpaAa Han:J1CTJ1cBoje HenpJ1jaTeJbe HJ1CYTeK TaKO KO KaAa cy ocn06a1)anJ1
cy MOfJIJ1Aa rOBope 0 ocn060l)eI-bY
oHAa Ka):\ BHllIe HJ1CY61tUlKno):\ KOHTpOnOM.HeMa'lKe oKynaTOpCI<e CJ1J1e. M naTpJ1japx
BnaAJ1Ka HJ1KOnaj je npJ1MJbeH 0A cTpaHe 6J1BllIJ1X HeMa'lKJ1X 3ap06Jbe-
6J10 cnyqaj
JII
MJ1JIaHa HeAJ1ha, npeACeAHJ1Ka BnaAe HapoAHor
Mel)YHapOAHOr npaBa J1nJ1 He.
cp6cKe BenJ1KOAocTojHJ1Ke, TaKO Aa cy ce OBJ1XpaHJ1nJ1 y J136efJIJ1'1Koj KyxH-
HJ1Ka, Cp6a
)I{}[BOTa li CMpTJ1, a Cp6J1 ce Hana3e, 6J1no y 3ap06Jbe-
1941. AO Maja 1945. rOAJ1He.
Aa noceTe
Han:J10HanHe jeAJ1HJ1n:e y CnOBeHJ1jJ1 J1 MCTpJ1 J1 Aa OAaTne KpeHY
3a IlIBajn:apcKY,
OHO llITO MJ1 ce '1J1HJ1Aa MaI-be-BJ1llIe y CBJ1MAOCaAallII-bJ1MOCBpTJ1Ma Ha OBYTeMY HeAocTaje, TO je jeAHa 06jeKTJ1BHa aHanJ13a nojMa ocn060l)eI-be, jep 6allI Ha OBOMece pa3J1na3e CXBaTaI-ba CaMor naTpJ1japxa
faBpJ1na OACXBa-
TaI-ba nojeAJ1HJ1X '1naHKOnJ1Can:a Ha OBYTeMY.
rAe je Tpe6ano
rAe ce Hana3J10 J1 reHepan
MJ1naH HeAJ1h.
,lJ;aKne, OBAe HJ1je pe'l 0 ocn060l)eI-bY XOBOMnYIIITaI-bY J13 noropa.
,lJ;a 6J1CMO J1ManJ1 jaCHY CnJ1KY 0 caMOM nojMY ocn060l)eI-be
nOTpe6HO
Aa 06aBe CBojy MJ1CJ1jyKOA CaBe3HJ1Ka. Ha
)l{anOCT, CTJ1fJIJ1cy caMO AO KJ1n:6J1na J1 6J1nJ1 cy CMeIlITeHJ1 y fpaHA xOTeny, J13 KOHn:noropa
,lJ;axay, Beh 0 I-bJ1-
HeMa'lKa BojHa CJ1na J1Xje AOBena y ,lJ;axay J1 Ta
J1CTa CJ1na J1Xje nycTJ1na J13 ,lJ;axay, a Ha Mon6y reHepana
MJ1naHa HeAJ1ha
je Aa nol)eMo OA CTBapHe CJ1Tyan:J1je y BpeMeHCKOM nepJ10AY J13Mel)y anpJ1na
J1 ,lJ;J1MJ1TpJ1jaJboTJ1ha.
1941. rOAJ1He Tj. OA HanaAa HeMa'lKOr Tpeher pajxa Ha JyrocnaBJ1jy, na AO 8. Maja 1945. rOAJ1He, KaAa je HeMa'lKa n06el)eHa OAcTpaHe AHfJIOaMepJ1KaHa-
6JbeHJ1n:J1 Ha OACYCTBY,Kao llITO je TO 6J1no J1 ca OCTanJ1M Cp6J1Ma. 3aTO je na"pJ1japx
n:a J1 KanJ1TynJ1pana
Tpyne
Kao BeneCJ1na J1 Kao oKynaTop
CKOpO n:ene EBpone.
HeMa'lKa paTHa MallIJ1Ha je pa36J1na JyrocnaBJ1jy, llIe AenOBa, a Cp6J1jy je oKynJ1pana
pacnap'lana
je Ha BJ1-
J1y I-boj 3aBena CypOBJ1 oKynaTopCKJ1 pe-
OHJ1 cy, Mel)YTJ1M, J1 AaJbe OCTanJ1 HeMa'lKJ1 3apo-
faBpJ1nO Moroo Aa rOBOpJ1 0 ocn060l)eI-bY
TeK KaA cy aMepJ1'1Ke
CTJ1fJIe y KJ1n:6J1n 8. Maja 1945. rOAJ1He. AHfJIOaMepJ1'1Ke
nOTYKne J1 npJ1MOpane
Tpyne
cy
Ha KanJ1Tynan:J1jy HeMa'lKY BojHY cJ1ny. TaKo naTpJ1-
japx faBpJ1nO y CBOjJ1MMeMOapJ1Ma (CTP. 563) Ka)I(e: 'Ja caM ocn060l)eH
OA
54
55 22.
CTpaHe
aMepHqKe
Ha pacrroJIo)l(elbe
1945.
):\HBH3Hje reHepaJIa
KOJIeHCa, KOjH HM je O):\Max CTaBHO
je):\HY BHJIY 3a CTaHOBalbe.
OBaKBo
22.
TOp - p06, H Cp6a
CXBaTalbe rraTpHjapxa aMepHqKa
Ha O):\CYCTBY.J.1)l;HMHTpHje
1941.
rO):\HHe):\o
H p06a,
J.1, Ha Kpajy,
faBpHJIa je 6HJIO HcrrpaBHo.
):\HBH3Hja H Ha Taj HaqHH yqHHHJIa
3ap06JbeHHK
0):\ arrpHJIa
Maja
1945.
rreTor
H ):\p)l(aH y 3aTBopy
1943.
jaHyapa
)l{HBKoBHha
Y Majy
6HO 3aTBopeH cerrTeM6pa o):\ByqeHH
0):\ fecTarroa,
rro):\ y)l(acHHM
OB):\e HHje rroTpe6Ho
orrHCHBaTH
KpajeM
y IIIJIHp3e
1945.
jaHyapa
):\Ba qHHOBHHKa
errHCKorra
HHKOJIaja,
y )l;axay
HH y MepHeH6a):(
cy Hac orreT fecTarroy. y jY)l(HOj
HeMaqKH
):\p YHTepMajepa,
YrrpaBO
peKJIH: Mohn
'BH HeheTe
ce MohH
HhH y MapHeH6a):\
HHje 6HJIO HHIlITa.
MH
):\HeBHHM 60M6ap):\OBalbeM HHIlITY
O):\MOpHTH:
'BH CTe ca):\a CJI060):\HH:
Hero y c06aMa,
Ha
Kpajy
'KOJIHKO ):\yro?'
y Ea):\ fellITajH
HaM je peqeHO
Tpe6aJIH
CTHraBIlIH
3a TpH):\eceT
CTO Aa Hac jeAHoM
arrpHJIa,
HaM je peKao
):\a heMO 6HTH
rpaHHIJ;H,
XOTeJI. OBAe YMe-
Kao IlITO cy 06ehaJIH,
):\a he TO 6HTH 'CYTpa'. IIocJIe
):\a cy rrYTeBH
rrpeMa
Tora,
jeAHe He):\e-
IIIBajIJ;apcKoj
CMO 6HJIH Cp):\HTH H rrpOTeCTBOBaJIH
TYMaqelbe
3a OBaKBO rrOHallialbe
Me: OHH cy )l(eJIeJIH Aa H3BpllIe
):\OBe):\eHH y
H ):\a je 6HJIO HeMoryhe
HhH
CMO, aJIH OH
60JIeCTH:
Hallier
cy Ha: 'BH heTe 6HJIa je):\y TpCT.
rrpeMa HaMa CHrypHO Mopa 6HTH y OBO-
rrpHTHcaK
IbHXOBY BOJbY. )l;OK CMO 6HJIH Y IlIJIHp3ey, llIeMO rrOCJIaHHIJ;y cprrCKOM Hapo):\y KOMYHH3Ma.
)l;a CMO TO yqHHHJIH,
)l(eJIHMO. MH CMO KaTerOpHqKH )l;OK CMO 6HJIH Y Eeqy, HOBY cprrCKY
Ha Hac, ):\a HaM Hape):\e Aa qHHHMO feCTarro
je Tpa)l(HO 0):\ Hac):\a HarrH-
H ):\a ra oKypa)l(HMo
OA6HJIH ):\a rrHllIeMO
OHH cy rrpe):\JIaraJIH
BJIa):\y YMeCTO reHepaJIa
6H HeMIJ;HMa y 60p6H
O):\JIyqHO oA6HjaJIH CKor HapoAa,
He):\Hha,
OBO peKaBlIIH:
'MH
rraTpHjapxy
YHYTpallIlbHX
KOHq,epeHIJ;HjH
Aa q,opMHpa y lby6JbaHH
rrapTH3aHa.
rrpe):\JIOrOM,
H
MH CMO Bol)e cprr-
EyrapcKe
Tj. rrOlIITO je TY Tpe6aJIo
CBHX H36ernHX
H ):\pymx
IJ;pKBe'. IIpeKo
peqe)
):\pymx
6HO HerrpH3HaBalbe
Koja je HeKOJIHKO ):\aHa paHHje
0Ap)l(aHa
HaIJ;H3Ma H q,alIIH3Ma.
je 6HO H3BeCHH PYMYHCKH
errHCKorra
H CBe-
3eMaJba, rro):\ rrpe):\ceAHH-
y IJ;HJbY (KaKO AP KJIH6ep
Aa je IJ;HJb OBe KOHq,epeHIJ;Hje
rrpOTHB
ce):\HIlITe
CMO ):\YXOBHe H peJIHm03He
KOHq,epeHIJ;Hjy
CTBapH IIpaBocJIaBHe
AOHeJIa AeKJIapaIJ;Hjy
):\a q,opMHpa
HJIH HajMalbe
ca rrOJIHTHKOM H BOjHHM rrOCJIOBHMa:
Ta):\a cy OHH ):\OlIIJIH ca ApyrHM
rraTpHjapxa
rrpOTHB
H HAeMO r):\e
TaKBY rrOCJIaHHIJ;Y.
rrpOTHB jyrOCJIOBeHCKHX
H HeMaMO HHIlITa
lIITBOM CprrCKor
):\a ce 60pH
MH 6HCMO 6HJIH CJI060):\HH
BeJIHKH HaIJ;HOHaJIHH KOMHTeT KOjH 6H HMao cBoje
KOHq,epeHIJ;Hje
rrpeMellITeHH
CTaBJbeHH CMO y fpaHA
):\aJbe 0):\ OBor MeCTa. MH
CMO )l(HBeJIH y CKJIO-
To je TaKol)e
PeqeHO HaM je
H q,paHIJ;YCKHX Tpyrra
peqeHO
- o):\rOBOpHJIH
y THpOJI:
KHIJ;6HJIa.
orraCHOCT 0):\ aMepHqKHX
rro):\ BpJIO cTpallIHHM
Ha rroropllIalbe
OTHIlIJIH
):\a qeKaMO je):\aH HJIH ):\Ba AaHa. IIocJIe
OHH cy HaCTaBHJIH ):\a HaM rOBope Jbe Hoj6axep
rrpeKo
yrrYTe rrpeMa IlIBajIJ;apcKoj
H3 PYCHje, IIoJbcKe,
y Eeqy
Tora
CBHX BpcTa JbYAH CBHX 3eMaJba H 3aHHMalba.
lIITeHHKa
cy HaM
r):\e heTe ce
BaIlIe
IIocJIe
llIeCT caTH, IlITO CMO H yqHHHJIH.
24.
y KHIJ;6HJI, y cpeAHHH
Y6p30
3a JIeqelbe
H BojHHKe.
):\a H):\eMO y IIIBajIJ;apcKY
CBerrpaBOCJIaBHY
rrpeKO ):\Ba MeCeIJ;a. BHllIe
3):\paBJba. Ka):\a CMO rrHTaJIH:
Ha 06MaHa.
CMO ):\p)l(aHH
6axepy,
0Ap)l(aTH
IlITO je ):\eJIOBaJIO BpJIO MHoro
6HTH O):\Max rrpeMellITeHH
y je):\aH 3Ba-
Beh y Ea):\eH 6JIH3Y Eeqa,
KaJIeH):\apy).
HaM je 6HJIO ):\03BOJbeHO ):\a BH):\HMO Halli
CBellITeHHKe
'BH heTe 6HTH rrpeMellITerrOCJIe Tora
3arra):\HOM
CMO Y TpCT CBera Ha je):\aH ):\aH. Ta):\a orreT y fOpHIJ;y, O):\aTJIe CMO, rro ):\p Hoj-
rrOMarao
KOH3YJI KpOHXOJIIJ; ):\OllIao je ca ):\pyra
O):\MOpHTH H HMaTH CBe IlITO je rroTpe6HO
0):\ Tora
rrpe):\ EO)l(Hh
EaBapHjH.
XOTeJI. Ta):\a cy HaM peKJIH:
r):\e heTe
CMO
):\Ba MeceIJ;a ja caM ce pa360-
H O):\Beo Hac y Eeq. HaM a je peqeHo:
reCTarrOBCKH
KOjH je
)l(HBOT KOjH CMO MH HMaJIH Ha OBOM MecTY,
J.1rraK, MH HHCMO 6HJIH CJI060):\HH Y cBeMY, Beh CMO CMellITeHH HHqHH
y
6JIH3Y MHHxeHa.
H Ha HHcHcTHpalbe
(rrpeMa
y fOPHIJ;y, Y ):\PYIlITBY reCTarrOBCKor
je 6HO paBHO):\YIIIaH.
)l;yuaBa
OKOJIHOCTHMa, H rrOCJIe CBera 060jHIJ;a
IJ;eJIOM cBeTY. IIocJIe
yrrYTHJIe
feCTarroa.
OB):\e CMO rrpOBeJIH CBe BpeMe ):\0 Kpaja
JIeo, CKOpO Ha CMPT, H Y carnaCHOCTH
MH CMO rrpeMellITeHH
rocrrO):\HHa
PaKOBHIJ;e rrpeKo
y KOHIJ;eHTpaIJ;HOHH JIorop
rr03HaTa
BJIaCTH JIoropa
y caHaTopHjYM
caM H3 MaHacTHpa
llIeCT MeCeIJ;H paHHje.
qHja je HCTopHja
HeMaIJ;a
rro):\ BpJIO 6e):\HHM OKOJIHOCTHMa, ):\0 Kpaja
BOjJIOBHIJ;y, r):\e caM 3aTeKao
y EaBapHjy
0):\ cTpaHe
He caMO 3a ce6e, Beh H 3a BojHHKe
rrpeMelliTeH
1944,
a
Ha):\30pOM
Hapo):\, YKJbyqyjyhH
CMO ce HalliJIH
r):\e caM 6HO y KpeBeTY ):\eBeT MeCeIJ;H. OB):\e caM MO-
CBe TpOIliKOBe,
MaHacTHp,
H BJIa):\HKa Mel)y HeM-
6JIH3Y BacKpca
HeMIJ;H cy HaM peKJIH ):\a Tpe6a yxarrllIeH
Ta):\a cy Me rrOBeJIH H rrpeMeCTHJIH
1943.
faBpHJIO
cy Hac y MeCTO eJI):\eH, r):\e CMO ):\p)l(aHH ):\eceT ):\aHa.
MapTa,
rrOJIHIJ;ajIJ;a rro):\ qHjHM
Aa Y3MeMO xpaHY
BJIa):\HKe CaBe IlIYMa):\HjcKor,
arrpHJIa
y Eeorpa):\y
pao rrJIahaTH
Ha O):\CYCTBY:'
OCJI060):\HoIJ;HMa 0 CBOM 60paBKY
13/1995. rO):\HHe): 1941. 6HO caM
je y "KaJIeHHhy"
Kao
rrpeMeCTHJIH
):\eceT ):\aHa MH CMO rrpeMellITeHH
H36ernH
je O):\HOCHeMaIJ;a
rO):\HHe oKapaKTepHcao
):\a BH):\HMO UITa cY caMH rraTpHjapx
IJ;HMa (TeKCT ce HaJIa3H y apXHBY rroKojHor
,,)l;Ba):\eceT
Thera je OCJIO-
Kpaj O):\HOCY oKyrra-
lbOTHh
O):\HOCHO 3ap06JbeHHKa
HHKOJIaj H3jaBHJIH aMepHqKHM
06jaBJbeH
Ha Kpajy
To je 6HJIO KpajeM IIocJIe
O):\HOC oKyrraTopa
BojHe
Maja
rO):\HHe:
60):\HJIa
):\pyrH
8.
To je 6HJIO Y KHIJ;6HJIY
errHCKorr.
'AHCKYTOBalba areHaTa
HaMa je
CBerrpaBOCJIaBHe y MOCKBH,
3aqeTHHK CprrCKH
Koja je
HAeje 0 OBOj rraTpHjapx
H
errHCKorr HHKOJIaj rreTHaeCT rrYTa cy OA6HJIH Aa rrpHMe OBor qOBeKa 3aTO lIITO je, rrpOTl1RHO
IJ;pKBeHOM rrpaBY, Ha MOJI6y ):\p IIaBeJIHha,
rrOCBeTHO HOBora
57
56 cprrCKor
errHCKOrra
Y 3arpe6y*.
HapaBHO,
UITa Y Be3H ca OBOM rrpe,I:\nmKeHOM nO)l(eHa. Ha Kpajy
HaM je ,I:\p Hoj6axep
H3 Beqa jf)l(HHje.
Ilocne
en,I:\eH, KaKO cTojH je,I:\aH aYToM06Hn. To je yqHlbeHo
rpocpa
Kpaja.
TOra je OBa O,I:\-
,I:\a heMo
MH 6HTH
rrpeMeUITeHH
AaHa MH CMO rroKpeHYTH
Y fOPHQY H TpcT.
Y
npoTHB
Kora
qepHHHa,
H,I:\eMO ,I:\a rOBopHMO
ce HeMQH
60pe'.
MH
npoTHB
6nH3Y Kpaj, ,I:\p Hoj6axep
CBeT-
Y
HaM je JrnTHO ,I:\ao
areHTOM
rrpe6aQHO
Y
H ,I:\p)l(ao Hac OB,I:\e,I:\O
HaM je je,I:\HOM, 'ja hy nHqHO HhH ca BaMa', - Tj.
Y llIBajQapcKY· MH
BepyjeMo
,I:\a cy HeMQH
Mel)y OHe MeIlIOBHTe
rroKymaBanH
CBe BpeMe 'O,I:\ llInHp3ea
H ,I:\aHac HCKopHCTe 3a cBoje rrOnHTHqKe
IlITO TO HHCY rrOCTHfJIH,
)l(enenH
CTpaHQe ,I:\a 6H Hac H3nO)l(HnH
OBY H3jaBY rrHIlIeMO Kp03 Koje cy HeMQH
y QHJbY ,I:\aaMepHqKe
)l(enenH
PH3HKY. To je yqHlbeHo
0,I:\6Hjalba
rr03HaTe
O,I:\rOBopHa 3a pa,I:\ H3Mel)y Ca,I:\a MonHMO
Sapienti
6y-
KOjH je YCTao rrpOTHB rraraHCKor
y ,I:\HeBHHKY aHfJIHKaHCKor rrocne
6HcKyrra
I,IopI,Ia
KaMa y KojHMa HaIlIna
ce Hana3HO
H MapTHH
,I:\Ba XpHIlIhaHHHa,
060jHQa
rraCTOpy Map-
HaQH3Ma, H KOjH je 360r TO-
qHlbeHHQY
peKao
HHMenep.
Moryhe
je OTKpHTH BK,I:\eO
,I:\aje 6HO y HCTHM 6apa-
TaKo cy ce, nHQeM y nHQe,
rrpOTHBHHQH
HaQHCTHqKOr
1<.0je 6HO MapTHH
HHMenep?
EBO KpaTKe rrpHqe
0 lbeMY, Koja he HaM rroMohH
MO OHO IlITO rraIlIKBHnaHTH
6narOBeCHHKY"
Bena, C KOjHM ce HHKonaj
paTa. Ben CBe,I:\OqH KaKO MY je HHKonaj
rrorrYT 1)opl)eBHha,
rrpOIlInOCTH
BnaCTH 3Hajy CBe MaxHHaQHje
3aBepe,
nY,I:\Hna.
,I:\aJOIlI 60Jbe OCBeTnH-
TOMaHHha
HaQHOHanHa H3Mel)y
QPKBa 6Hna O,I:\rOBOp-
HeMaQa
H JyrocnaBHje
- Tj.
,I:\a HaM ce ,I:\a MoryhHOCT
nHCTHqKa
qnaHOBH
xpHIlIhaHCTBa". rrpaBaQ
H OCTanHX Ha3H-
QPKBa':
cacTojana
,I:\a rrorrpaBHMO
HaIlIe
opoHyno
Bpno HerrpHjaTHe,
3a o,I:\ehy H ,I:\pyre rroTpe6e:'
ce O,I:\nYTepaHa,
"QPKBeHH
rrope3"
sat.
rrpeY3eo
je BnaCT 6HnH cy
nYTepaHH"
H MeTO,I:\HCTH, a ca BaTHKaHoM
yrrnHBa
CKor xpHIlInaHcTBa,
eBaHrenHCTHqKoj
XpHIlIhaHcTBa. Ha HeMaqKH
OCHoBaH
QPKBeHH
,I:\p EpHecT
,lJ;oHeTa jeOAJIYKa
)l(eHO ,I:\ace CTapH
BeprMaH,
,I:\a ce cnf)l(6e
HapaBHO,
)l(HBOT':
nHIlIe
CBH nacTOpH
repMaH-
Ha KojHMa
"apHjeBcKe
je
pace':
KojH He rrpH3Hajy
rropeKna.
jep je "jeBpejcKH':
rrpOTeCTaHTHMa HcrrOBe,I:\ajyna"
MaHCKOM xpHIlIhaHCTBY".
cy rr03BaJlH
OHH
qaK je TpaKao H ,I:\ace
OBO je H3a3BaJlO 3rpa)l(aBaKoja ce cynpoTcTaBHJla
BepHHKe
OTKpHBeHY y CBeTOM IlHCMY,
Koja ce cacTojaJla
Peq BO)l(Hja,
je-
,I:\yxa.
Mel)y HCKpeHHM
jHJlH ,I:\eKnapaQHjy,
3a H3yqaBalbe
Je,I:\aH O,I:\Teonora
Hero rrpHrra,I:\HHK
Ibe. O,I:\Max je OCHOBaHa "QpKBa
je XpHCTOC
O,I:\Max je KpeHyna
,I:\p)l(ao je rrpe,I:\aBalba
3aBeT H36aQH H3 ynoTpe6e
y peq BO)l(Hjy
QPKBH"
je "MHCTHTYT
Kao H CBH rraCTopH jeBpejcKor
QPKBa OqHCTH O,I:\jeBpejcKor
U:PKBH': KOjy je CTBOpHO
XHTnep
KOHKop,I:\aT.
y ",I:\ejY,I:\aH3aQHjy"
rrOBepelbe
cy
,I:\p)l(aBa. Ka,I:\a je XH-
KOHTpone
TBp,I:\HO ,I:\aXpHCTOC HHje 6HO JeBpejHH,
"
H YHHOHHCTHqKHX
CTPYKTYPY H qHjH
xpHIlInaHCTBa"
HaQHOHaJlCOQHjaJlH3aM,
* Peq je 0 HeKaHoHcKoj, YCTaIIlKoj »XpBaTcKoj IlpaBocnaBHoj IlaBenHh (Han. B. ~.) ...
KOjH je cK;yrrJbana
eBaHre-
3aje,I:\HHQH. O,I:\ HerrOCpe,I:\He cpHpepOBe
H3Y3eTH T3B. "Cn060,I:\HH je rrOTrrHcao
jaBHo
rrpOTeCTaHTH3Ma.
pecpopMaTa
Koje cy HMane je,I:\HHCTBeHY 6HpOKpaTCKY rrnahanH
nYTepaHHMa
3aje,I:\HHQa, T3B. "HeMaqKa
Tnep ,I:\omao Ha BnaCT, rrOKpeT "repMaHCKor
BpejcKor
HeMaqKHM
OH HHje 6HO rrno,I:\ HaQHCTHqKe
y OKBHPy HeMaqKOr
,I:\p)l(aBHa rrpOTeCTaHTCKa
HOBa BnaCT y "HeMaqKoj
HMaMO rroTpe6e,
MaTepHjana
,I:\OIlIaO Ha BnaCT, Mel)y
Hero caMOHHKnH
HeMaqKa
y rrpOTeCTaHTcKoj
OBe ,I:\Be 3eMJbe.
OKO Ha6aBKe
Ka,I:\a je XHTnep
ce T3B. rrOKpeT "repMaHCKor
rpynaQHja,
Hac.
3,I:\paBJbe H ,I:\a ce O,I:\MOpHMO. MH TaKol)e 3a H3BeCHY rroMoh
Ka,I:\a AMepHKaHQH
,I:\aHac HCKopHCTe 3a ce6e H rrpOTHB Tyl)HHaQa,
rO,I:\HHe MyqehH
OHH cy HaM rrOHaBJbanH ,I:\aje CpnCKa Ha 360r
,I:\O
QHJbeBe. Ilo-
cy ,I:\a HaM ce OCBeTe BO,I:\ehH Hac y KHQ6Hn
MO)l(,I:\a 3aTO, ,I:\a 6H OHH 6HnH rro,I:\ HaIlIOM 3aIlITHTOM ,I:\y,I:\OIlInH.
qeTHpH
THHY HHMenepy,
y ,,)KHqKOM
0 YfJIe,I:\HOM nYTepaHCKOM
Bajy ",I:\HBJbelbeM XHTnepy".
Beqa,I:\a Hac 3aBapaBajy
rrocne
,I:\aje Bna,I:\HKa HHKonaj
CBeTCKor paTa rrHcao
ra ,I:\ocrreo y 3aTBOp. Je,I:\HY BeOMa 3aHHMJbHBY
'1l:THKKa.
TO HHCMO }"IKHHnH.
qeKaO Hac je Y KHQ6Hny
'BY.r\HTe MHPHH', peKao
H CKJIOlbeHH Y
OA HaWItt
KOjH Hac je ca reCTarrOBCKHM
OH, ,I:\p Hoj6axep,
BJIap;HKa HHKOJIaj H naCTOp HHMeJIep
, ,.~ ~~c::j;
YOqH ,lJ;pyror
OBOM MecTY je ,I:\aTrraTpHjapxy
To je 6HO 'rraKap,I:\' Y3el' ca 6eH3HHoM
TO BpeMe, BH,I:\ehH,I:\a je HeMaqKoj qyaapa
H 360r
l.J
Beh CMO rroMeHynH
Y ~KJbY ,I:\a MH 'HapaBHo
CKor KOMynH3Ma
KHQ6Hn.
KOHcpepeHQHjoM,
peKao
HeKonHKO
rope,
MH CMO 0,I:\6HnH ,I:\a HMaMO 6Hno
OTKpHBeHa
O,I:\IlIeCT TaqaKa. HaM CBeTHM
"rep-
Ha YCp,I:\HY MonHTBY H Y BpeMeHY
Y
rrpBoj
IlHCMOM,
H
cy y~BO-
je peqeHO
,I:\a
H O,I:\6aqeHa cy
58
59
~pyra H ~pyra'lHja OTKpHBelba 0 XpHCTY KaO JIa)l(Ha. Y ~pyroj je HCTaKHYTO ~a je XpHCTOC rocrro~ap QeJIOr JbY~CKOr)l(HBOTa, Y Tpehoj ~a je OH rJIaBa QpKBe H ~a QpKBa He CMe ~a ce rrpe~aje ~OMHHaHTHHM H~eOJIOIlIKO-rrOJIH-
Ha HapO~HOM He3HalbY H HaJIa3e ce y HarrOHY ~a TO He3Halbe o~p)l(e y IlITO BeheM ~eJIY rrorrYJIaQHje; caMO Ha Taj Ha'lHH xpHllIhaHCKe QpKBe MOry ca'lY-
TH'lKHM cTpyjaMa, Y 'leTBpToj ~a QpKBa Tpe6a ~a CJIY)I(H,a He ~a ce 60pH 3a
BaTH CBOjy BJIaCT.HacyrrpoT TOMe, HaQHOHaJICOQHjaJIH3aMrrO'lHBa Ha HayqHHM TeMeJbHMa:' (He rro~ceha JIH Hac OBOHa "peJIHrnjy Kao orrHjYM 3a Mace"
BJIaCT.neTa Ta'lKa je 6HJIa YCMepeHa ~HpeKTHO rrpOTHB HaQHCTH'lKe ~p)l(a-
Ha je~Hoj H "HayqHH COQHjaJIH3aM" Ha ~pyroj
Be; XpHllIhaHH BepHH CBOMCXBaTalbY cJI060~e H EBaHl)eJba HCTaKJIH cy ~a ~p)l(aBa "He CMe rrOCTaTHje~HHH H TOTaJIHTapHH rrope~aK JbY~CKor )l(HBOTa HacTOjehH ~a C060M 3aMeHH rr03Balbe caMe QpKBe". llIecTH 'lJIaH 06jaBJbyje
XHTJIep je, rrOCJIepellIaBalba
CTpaHH?)
"jeBpejcKor
rrHTalba': HaMepaBao ~a pellIH
"QPKBeHO rrHTalbe': fOBOpHO je: "PaT he ce OKOH'laTH. nOCJIe~IbH BeJIHKH3a~aTaK HallIer ~06a 6Hhe pellIaBalbe QPKBeHor rrHTalba. TeK Ta~a he HaQHja
~a QpKBa HY~H 6ecrrJIaTHY 6JIarO~aT BO)l(Hjy Kp03 CBeTO nHCMO H caKpaMeH-
6HTH caCBHM cHrypHa ... Ka~ caM 6HO MJIa~, MHCJIHOcaM ~a je je~HHo cpe~-
Te, H ~a CaMOBOJbaHe MO)l(e 3aMeHHTH BO)l(aHCKO~ejcTBo Y QPKBH.
CTBO:~HHaMHT. TeK KacHHje caM CXBaTHO~a ca TaKBHM CTBapHMa He Tpe6a
BJIa~HKa HHKOJIaj 0 CaBHH~aHY 1935. rO~HHe cHrypHo HHje ~o ~eTaJba Morao 6HTH yrryheH Y rrHTalbe QPKBeHHXcYK06a Mel)y HeMa'lKHM rrpoTecTaHTHMa, KojH cy TeK rrO'lHlbaJIH ~a ce 3aollITpaBajy.
OH je y CBOMrrpe~aBalbY
"HaQHoHaJIH3aM CBeTor CaBe" HCTaKao ~a je 3arra~ BeKOBHMaY3aJIY~ rroKYllIaBao ~a CTBOpH HaQHoHaJIHY QPKBY - o~ JaHa Xyca H JIYTepa, rrpeKo naCKaJIa, ~o ca~allIlber HeMa'lKOr Bol)e, ,,'lOBeKa H3 Hapo~a': aJIH ~a TO HHKOM HHje rrOIlIJIO 3a PYKOM, a rrHTalbe je ~a JIH he rrohH H ca~allIlbeM HeMa'lKOM BOI)n. "fepMaHcKo xpHllIhaHCTBO" MY je H3fJIe~aJIO Kao rrOKYIIIaj CTBapalba "HaQHOHaJIHe QPKBe': AJIH,.TO je 6HJIO 1935. tIHM je HHKOJIaj CXBaTHO0 'leMY
)l(ypHTH. To Mopa ~a caTpYJIH Kao raHrpeH03HH y~. MopaMo ~OhH ~o Tora ~a 3a rrpe~HKaoHHQaMa HeMa HHKor OCHM6y~aJIa, H ~a Mel)y BepHHQHMa 6y~y caMO 6a6e. 3~paBH MJIa~H JbY~H cy ca HaMa:' XHTJIep ce XBaJIHO ~a HMa llIeCT ~HBH3Hja eceCOBaQa paBHo~YIIIHHX rrpeMa peJIHrHjH, aJIH KOjH H~y Y CMpT ca CBOM036HJbHOllIhy. HaQHcTH cy HacTojaJIH ~a 3aMeHe xpHllIhaHcKe 06pe~e H CHMBOJIeCBOjHM:rrpHHY~Ha OKYrrJbalba OMJIa~HHe 6HJIa cy He~eJbOMyjYTPY, Ka~ ce H~e y xpaM; KO je XTeo, Morao je ~a ce BeH'la H caxpaHH Y3 yrroTpe6y HaQHCTH'lKHX pHTyaJIa. Je~Ha o~ rrecaMa "XHTJIepOBe OMJIa~HHe" (Hitler Jugend-a) rJIaCHJIa je: "MH CMO
I He
cpehHa XHTJIepOBa OMJIa~HHa;
CBeTH HHKOJIaj )J(H'lKH, je~aH o~ Haj06pa30BaHHjHx JbY~H CBor BpeMeHa, H3BpCHOje cxnaTao ~a rroKYllIaj rraraHH3aQHje XpHllIhaHcTBa rrOTH'le H3
l)aBOJIa
/ MYTHHX H3BOp,arrpoTecTaHTcKe T3B." 6H6JIHjcKe KpHTHKe" H o~YIIIeBJbaBalba
BO~HQOM, I Y3 rrecMY H~eMo 3a 3aCTaBOMXHTJIepOBOM; I CaMo TaKO CMO~o-
A~OJIq, XHTJIep je HallI rrocpe~HHK I
I He
I KOjH
MO)l(e ~a Hac Crrpe'lH
Tpe6a HaM xpHllIhaHCKa
BpJIHHa;
I Jep
je pe'l, OH je YCTao rrpoTHB XHTJIepH3Ma, 0 'leMY CMOrrHCaJIH Y rrOrJIaBJbY0 lberOBOM O~HOCYrrpeMa HaQH3MY.
Ii HallI HCKyrrHTeJb. I HeMa HH rrorra HH I ,[(a ce
ocehaMo Kao XHTJIepOBa ~eQa.
CJIe~HMOXpHCTa, Hero XopCTa Be3eJIa!
I ,[(aJbe ca
TaMjaHoM H CBeTOM
0 TO-
cTojHH CBOjHXrrpe~aKa.1 HHcaM HH XpHllIhaHHH, HH KaTOJIHK.I Ca CA o~pe-
Me je rrHp{~ Y CBOMorJIe~y 0 KYJIH O~ CJIOHOBeKOCTH,JbY~O)l(~epcKoj KYJITYpH 6e3 Bora. 3aHCTa, KJbyqHH H~eOJIOr "repMaHcKor xpHllIhaHcTBa" 6HO
~HMa H~eM Kp03 BaTpy H BO~Y. I QPKBY MH MOry YKpacTH IlITO ce MeHe TH'le.
jepeTH'lKO~eHaHoBoM
BH3HjoM XpHcTa Kao cOKpaToBcKor yqHTeJba.
Ii
je ~HjaJIeKTH'lKH TeOJIOrEMaHyeJI XHpllI, KojH ce H ~aHac cMaTpa je~HoM o~ )faj3Ha'lajHHjHx
JIH'lHOCTH HeMa'lKe TeOJIOrnje
xx BeKa. OH je 6HO er3HCTeH-
I KYKacTH KpCT Me ycpehyje OB~e Ha 3eMJbH, 13a IbHM ja H~eM MapllIHpajyhH I Y3MH H MeHe, BaJI~ype q,OH IlIHpax" (Bol)a "Hitler Jugend" -a, Harr. B. ,[(.).
o Be3aMa OKYJITH3MaH HaQH3Ma KO~Hac je rrHcaHO MHoro
(H3Mel)y OCTa-
QHjaJIHCTa, H HHje BepoBao Y BacKpcelbe, cMaTpajyhH TY rrpH'lY "KacHHjHM
JIor, y KlbH3H Kojy je rrpHpe~HO rrOTIlHCHHK OBHXpe~OBa, "QapCTBO BO)l(Hje
YMeTKoM" KOjH xpHllIhaHe
H QapCTBO rrpa3HHHe", CBeTHrOpa, QeTHlbe 2003). HaQH3aM je 6HO CypOBH rraraHH3aM KojH ce, Kao H CBaKH rraraHH3aM, 3aBpllIaBao y caTaHH3MY.
H3 ca~aIlIIbOCTH oKpehe Y 6y~yhHocT, JIHllIaBajy-
hH HX KOHKpeTHHx QHJbeBarrocTojalba. KpHTHKoBao je o~Bajalbe XpHllIhaHCTBa o~ KYJIType y HMe Bepe; XHpllI je 6HO HCKpeH HaQHCTa. XHTJIepOB O~HOCrrpeMa xpHllIhaHcTBY je jacaH. Y "Mojoj
60p6H" OH Ka-
)l(e KaKO cy HeMa'lKH rrpoTecTaHTH YBeK rroKYlUaBaJIH ~a 6y~y rraTpHoTe, aJIH HM TO HHje ycrreBaJIO, jep je IbHXOB O~HOCrrpeMa JeBpejHMa rr03HTHBaH Ha OCHOBY~orMaTHKe XpHllIhaHCTBa. 3aTO cy HaQHCTH"repMaHCKe xpHllIhaHe" CMaTpaJIH KOpHCHHM 6y~aJIaMa. HaQHCTH'lKH O~HOCrrpeMa XpHllIhaHCTBY jacHo je q,OpMYJIHCaOMapTHH BopMaH: "HaQHOHaJICOQHjaJIHCTH'lKH H XPHIlIhaHCKH rrOfJIe~ Ha CBeT cy HecrrojHBH. XpHllIhaHCKe QpKBe cy 3aCHOBaHe
3aTo cy H BJIa~HKa HHKOJIaj H rracTop MapTHH HHMeJIep 6HJIH 3aTO'leHHy,[(axay.
. 61
60 CBe;JJ;O'lelbe jepoMoHaxa
(nOTOlber
HeMa'IKe Mepe 6e36eAHOCTH nOApa3YMeBaJIe cy YKJIalbalbe CBHX MJIa-
BJIa;JJ;HKe) BaCHJIHja
l)HX MOHaxa H3 MaHaCTHpa H Cnpe'IaBalbe OKOJIHOrHapOAa Aa AOJIa3Hy xpaM Y CBOjHM ycrtoMeHaMa H3 ,lJ;pyror CBeTCKOr paTa H AHeBHHKY CBaKOr
Ha cJIY)l(6e. 3a6palbeHO je Aa 6HJIO KO OA MOHaxa 6YAe y OJITapy KaA CJIf)I(H
AaHa Bol)eHoM Y BOjJIOBHQH, 0 OAHOCYHeMaQa npeMa HHKOJIajy BJIaAHKa BaCHJIHje (KOCTHh) 6eJIe)l(H:
jepoMoHax BaCHJIHje Aa He 6H Morao Aa npeAaje nopYKe 3a CnOJbHHCBeT. 6. OHJIO HM je H XJlaAHO; peQHMo, 9. jaHyapa 1943, Ha TpehH oO)l(Hh,
1. HeMQH
cy OA npBHx AaHa oKynaQHje caCJIywaBaJIH HHKOJIaja, y Be3H
ca lberOBHM yqewheM
y nyqy
27.
MapTa
1941. CaCJIymaBaJIH
cy ra HJIH y
)l(H'IKOM KOHaKY,HJIHy weTlbaMa no )l(H'IKOj nopTH, H CBeBpeMe ra Ap)l(aJIH nOA CTpa)l(OM;
2. OKynaTOp je HaTepao HHKOJIaja Aa HanycTH )l(H'IKY KaTeAPY, H 6H-
OTaQ BaCHJIHje 6eJIe)l(H: ",lJ;YBa H jaK BeTap, KOjH HaHOCH CHer Kp03 HeCHrypHe np030pe y Hawe c06e, HapO'IHTO y BJIaAH'IHHY. OHa je HajXJIaAHHja:' CeAeJIO ce H y MpaKY, 6e3 OCBeTJIelba (14.4.1943).
7.
BacKpc
1943. AO'IeKaH
je OBaKO: "CJIY)l(HMO HajpaAocHHjy
CJIY)l(6y,
CJIY)l(6y BacKpcelba, a BJIaAHKa CBojHM cY3aMa KBaCHaHTHMHHe Ha npecTO-
pa MeCTO KOHepHHaQHje. OH je oAa6pao Jby60CTHlbY, OAaKJIe, no KOCTHhy, "HHrAe HHje CMeo Aa HAe" H rAe ra je 'IeCTO "CaCJIymaBao weep fecTanoa 3a
JIY.UeJIa enapxHja H Qeo cpncKH HapoA O'IeKyje OAlbera AaHac AyxoBHe xpaHe, a OH CTeWlbeH H npHTeWlbeH OBAe, HeMa C KHM HH CJIY)l(6y JbYACKHAa
OaJIKaH, TajXMaH': OH HHKaA HHje npHcTao Aa ce npeKo paAHja 06paTH Cp6HMa H n030Be HX Ha nOKopHoCT oKynaTOpy.
CJIY)l(H:'
3. Ha
IIpe06pa)l(elbe
1941, HeMa'IKH
BOjHHQH ynaAajy y QPKBY H Bpme
npeTpec QeJIor MaHacTHpa, xance BJIaAHKY HHKOJIaja H 0ABOAe ra y KpyweBaQ rAe ra jeAaH HeMa'IKH reHepaJI CaCJIymaBa AO nOHohH. J1aKo je BJIaAHKa
8. OAHOC nojeAHHHx
areHaTa H CTpa)l(apa npeMa 3aTO'IeHHQHMa: "CMe-
lbeH je AaHac H areHT )l(HBKOBHh. KHlbHO Hac je CKOpOneT MeceQH. OBaKaB He'IOBeK TeWKO ce MO)l(e HahH y 6HJIO KOM HapoAY" (27.5.1943).
BJIaAHKaje, y npaTlbH oQa BaCHJIHja
10. Y 3aTBopy je 6HJIO CTeHHQa (15.9.1943). 11. 360r nCHXH'IKHX TpaYMa Koje je Tpneo, BJIaAHKHHHKOJIajy cy OCJIa6HJIH )l(HBQH (23.11.1943). 12. HeAHh H JaHHh cy 'IeCTO HaBpanaJIH KOAnaTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H BJIa-
(KocTHna),
Aowao y KpaJbeBO Aa MOJIHAa ce lberOB HapoA nowTeAH CTpeJba-
AHKe HHKOJIaja (O'IHTO, )l(eJIeJIH cy Aa HX npHBOJIe Ha capaAlbY, aJIH TO HM
lba. Majop
AJIepOH3MaYQHjeBHh je Tpa)l(HO npHTBOp 3a BJIaAHKY,CTporQ ce Aa MY oor Hehe
HHje nOJIa3HJIO3a PYKOM). Pe)l(HM 3aTO'Ielba je KaTKaA 6HO CTpO)l(H, KaTKaA 6JIa)l(H (HeMQH cy AO-
je HHKOJIaj XTeo Aa MOJIH'IeT-
HOCHJIHCp6CKHM apxHjepejHMa AapOBe H3 MaHaCTHpa, npe CBera xpaHY) aJIH
HHKe H napTH3aHe Aa npecTaHY Aa HanaAajy KpaJbeBO Aa HeMQH BHwe He 6Jf
OHH HHKaA HHCY MOrJIH Aa H3aQy BaH MaHaCTHpCKe nopTe, H Aa CJI060AHO onWTe ca CnOJblbHMCBeTOM.JeAHOMpe'Ijy, 6HJIH cy y KYliHOM 3ATBOPY,
60JIeCTaH, reHepaJI MY He HYAH HH Aa ceAHe. BJIaAHKa je yxanweH nOCTaBJbeHe Be3e C 'IeTHHQHMa.
4. Y
nepHoAY 0A
9. AO 14.10.1941,
OAHocenH npeMa lbeMY H npeTehH MY. HHKOJIaj MY je peno OCTaTH.n;Y)I(aH360r TaKBe CypOBOCTH.IIowTo
360r npeT-
y6HjaJIH HeBHH HapOA, MayQHjeBHh je, nOCJIepa3rOBopa ca npemOCTaBJbeHHMa, OTepao HHKOJIaja HaTpary Jby60CTHlbY, Ha3HBajyhH ra "aHrJIoepHJIOM H HajBeflHM repMaHoep060M"
5. Y
cpeAY,
16.12.1942,
HeMa'IKa BojcKa YJIa3H y Jby60CTHlbY H xanCH
HOHHWTaMalbey3ATBOPY. JOBaH oajepoPA OBOHe A0)l(HBJbaBa APyra'IHje Hero Kao "MHT y KojeM je BeJIHMHpOBHh npHKa3aH Kao 'MyqeHHK' H )l(pTBa HaQHCTH'IKOr nporOHa 3a BpeMe oKynaQHje JyroCJIaBHje OA 1941. AO 1945. rOAHHe" (y nOrJIaBJbY",lJ;Hc-
HHKOJIaja. YCJIOBH)l(HBOTa y BOjJIOBHQH, rAe je oABeAeH, 6HJIH cy CKOpO3aTBOpCKH - cJI060Aa KpeTalba MHoro Malba Hero y Jby60CTHlbH, H CTaJIHH
Kyp3HBHa AHHaMHKa APywTBeHor 3a60paBJbalba: nOTHCKHBalbe Kao 3aMeHa"
HaA30p: .,BpaTa OA HaWHX c06a MOpaJIa cy 6HTH OTBopeHa Y TOKYHohH. Ta-
cBoje KlbHre).
KO je CTpa)l(a HapeAHJIa paAH KOHTpOJIe.IIpeKo HohH ABanYT cy 06HJIa3HJIH c06e" (y nO'IeTKY).
•
J1 jom: "He Aaje HaM CTpa)l(a HHrAe H3 c06e, Te CBe BpeMe npOBOAHMO y C06H. Ty BpWHMO H MOJIHTBejep ce y QPKBY He CMe. BJIaAHKa 'IeCTO nJIa'Ie. IIoMHlbe
MaTH Capy H OCTaJIeceCTpe y Jby60CTHlbH."
f
Ka.n; H.n;y QPKBY, npaTH HX CTpa)l(ap nOA opY)l(jeM. BJIaAHKa )l(eJIH Aa YMpe, rJIe.n;ajyhH CTpaAalbe CBor HapOAa.
I
62
i
63
~;'.
~c
MeMoapH
l":
MHTpOnOJIHTa JOCHa
,L{e
fO,L{J1He 2006, jepej CIIU;,
06jaBJ10
Mp BeJIJ160p
je MeMoape
J,IoMJ1h, Bpe,L{HJ1 J1CTpa)J(J1Ba'I J1CTOpJ1je
MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1Ta CKorrcKor
KojJ1 je 6J10 Ha KOpMJ1JIY Cp6cKe
JocJ1<pa (U;BJ1joBJ1ha),
U;pKBe 3a BpeMe ,I:(pyror
CBeTCKor paTa. OBaj
MY,L{pJ1 Y)J(J1'IaHJ1H ca CBJ1X CTpaHa je 6J10 J13JIO)J(eH HacpTajJ1Ma
,L{a U;PKBY
YByqe Y rrpJ13eMHe rrOJIJ1TJ1'IKe J1rpe J1JIJ1je rrOT'IJ1HJ1 J1HTepeCJ1Ma oKyrraTopa, aJIJ1 je CBaKOM J1CKymelbY,L{06po He: "CBe
CJIymaj,
O,L{OJIeo, ,L{p)J(ehJ1 ce, rrpe CBera, OHe HapO,L{-
cBoje CBJ1~ar
Ha MHOr06pojHa
HaBaJbJ1Balba
,L{aBPX CIIU;
rrpaBJ1JIHY rrpJ1MeHY XpJ1CTOBe HaYKe y )J(J1BOT,
HapO,L{He ,L{yme XpJ1CTOBJ1M ,L{YXOM, ,L{OBO~elbe cp60Jby6Jba
XapMOHJ1jy ca XpJ1llIhaHCTBOM, CJIa )J(J1BOTa, oTyrrJbJ1BalbeM 'IOBeKY, crrpOBo~elbe Ka yorrllITe,
)J(J1BOTJ1lbCKOra J1 eJIeMeHTapHora
rrpaB,L{e J1rrpaBJ1'IHOCTJ1 y CTpeMJbelbY
J136eraBalbe
a He pacrrJ1pyje,
YTKJ1Balbe y HapO,L{HY ,L{ymy eBaHreJICKOr
CBJ1XOllITpJ1Ha':
6paToy6J1JIaQKY
360r
TepJ1TOpJ1jy oKyrrJ1paHe
Cp6J1je
rro,L{ YCJIOBOM ,L{a ce CJ1HO,L{ OfJIaCJ1 rrpOTHB
KOMYUJ1CTa, HY,L{J1JIJ1,L{ace caCTaHe HeKaKBa
QJ1 rraK HeMajy
TPa)J(J1TJ1 O,L{Hallie
HOB or KpaJba, jep HeMQJ1 Hehe KpaJba IIeTpa.
cBoje HJ1 KaTOJIJ1'IKe, HJ1 rrpOTeCTaHTCKe
OHO llITO HJ1Cy ,L{06J1JIJ1O,L{
QPKBe. too.! HJ1cy Cp6J1 J13MJ1CJIJ1JIJ1
KOMYUJ13aM, Hero 6allI HeMQJ1, rra HeKa ra OHJ1 yrymyjy, KyhJ1 'IJ1HJ1TJ1 OHO llITO HaMa KOHBeHJ1pa:' Y CBaKOM pa3rOBOpy
C HeMQJ1Ma,
MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T je HacTojaBao
a MJ1 heMO y CBojOj
Ha TOMe ,L{aje CIIU;
06e3fJIaBJbeHa,
,L{ajoj je rra-
TpJ1japx 3aTO'IeH, a C IbJ1M J1 lbeH HajyrJIe,L{HJ1jJ1 errJ1CKOrr, HJ1KOJIaj (J1Ha'Ie JOCJ1
1941. je,L{aH
HeKTapJ1jY,L{a
recTarroBaQ
CaOrrllITJ10 je BJIa,L{J1KJ13BOp6J1TJ1 CBpruYTJ1 ca CBO-
jJ1X rrOJIo)J(aja. ErrJ1CKorry 6a'IKOM J1pJ1Hejy pe'IeHO je ,L{a CJ1HO,L{ Tpe6a "CBprHe" OBY ,L{BOjJ1QYJ1yrrYTJ1 rrpOfJIac rrpOTJ1B KOMYHJ1CTa. 1)eHepaJI Eeorpa,L{y
20.
He,L{J1h je J1Mao caCTaHaK
1941.
oKT06pa
,L{a
ca CJI060,L{HJ1M errJ1CKOrrJ1Ma CIIU;
rO,L{J1He, Ka,L{a je Tpa)J(J10 OfJIallIaBalbe
rrpOTHB KOMYHJ13Ma. MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JOCJ1
Ka,L{a je HJ1KOJIaj
Hehe HeMQe,
OTepaH
TopOBor
QJ1Ma U;pKBe,
Y
,L{aje U;pKBa rrpOTJ1B 6e3-
HJ1 y KaKBe rrOJIJ1TJ1'IKe KOM6J1HaQJ1-
CKyrrllITJ1Ha
y BOjJIOBJ1QY, MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T
He,L{J1ha, KOjJ1 MY je rrOKa3ao
O,L{HajMalbera
"aKT
O,L{oKyrra-
y KOMe ce, 6e3 J13Y3eTKa, CBJ1M rrpeTCTaBHJ1-
,L{OHajBJ1llIera,
rrpOTJ1B CBJ1jy rrpeTCTaBHJ1Ka
J1 J13a6epe
Ha TO je MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JOCJ1
HJ1 IbJ1XOBe KaH,L{J1,L{aTe':
rrpeTJ1 CTpOrJ1M perrpeCaJIJ1jaMa
aKO He O,L{YCTaHY O,L{cJIY)J(6e oKyrraTopoBOM U;pKBe
HerrpJ1jaTeJbY.
HajBJ1llIe
IIope,L{ orrTY)J(6e
ce J1CTJ1QeCJIyqaj
errJ1CKOrra
HJ1KOJIaja': J1 Bepa y He,L{J1heBoj
BJIa,L{J1,JOHJ1h, peKao
TpOrrOJIJ1TY JOCJ1
CJ1HO,L{a
cp6CKa
J13 lhy60CTJ1lbe
3arrOBe,L{HJ1Ka Cp6J1je
MJ1HJ1CTap rrpOCBeTe
HeMQJ1 He )J(eJIe capa,L{lbY C rraTpJ1japxoM
faBpJ1JIOM J1 BJIa,L{J1KOMHJ1KOJIajeM, J1,L{aOHJ1 Mopajy
0,L{rOBOpJ10 ,L{aHJ1 "Cp6J1
JOCJ1
He,L{J1heM J1 lberOBJ1M MJ1HJ1CTpJ1Ma,
J1'IOBe-
Tora U;pKBa Mopa ,L{aCMJ1pyje,
60p6y.
rrpOTJ1B KOMYUJ1CTa, MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T je O,L{roBapao: "HeMU;pKBe
J1HCTJ1HKTa y
Cp6J1Ha
EJ1JIO je J1,L{pyrJ1X KOM6J1HaQJ1ja. HeMQJ1 cy JIaraJIJ1 KaKO 6J1 rrpOllIJ1pJ1JIJ1
rr030Be HapO,L{ Y 60p6y rrpaBa
J136erao
je MJ1-
y rrOJIJ1TJ1KY, rra J1 CJ1HO,L{
CTpaHJ1. MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JOCJ1
3aMKY, HaBO,L{ehJ1 ,L{a cy HeMQJ1 J13jaBJ1JIJ1 KaKO cy HJ1-
KOJIaja CKJIOHJ1JIJ1 J13 lhy60CTJ1lbe rrOJIJ1TJ1Ke.
3apa,L{ lberOBe
6e36e,L{HOCTJ1, a He 360r
fO,L{J1He 1943, MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JOCJ1
faBpJ1JIO rrycTJ1 Ha CJI060,L{y, aJIJ1
je, HapO'IJ1TO y OHe Koje o,L{y,L{apajy O,L{HallIJ1X eBaH~eJICKJ1X J1 CBeTOCaBCKJ1X
je He,L{J1h peKaO,L{a HeMQJ1 Ha TO He rrpJ1CTajy.
rrpJ1HQJ1rra': J1 jOllI:
je ,L{OllIao Ha Ce,L{HJ1QYCJ1HO,L{a,J13JIa)J(yhJ1 ,L{a6J1 HeMQJ1 rrycTJ1JIJ1 rraTpJ1japxa
cprrCKo-rrpaBOCJIaBHe
"Eor
je HallI OTaQ, a U;pKBa MaTH. OHa, Kao MajKa cBoje
,L{eQe, He MO)J(e J1 He CMe pehJ1: OBaj
MJ1 CJ1H He BaJba,
Ma CJ1HO,L{a, Tpe6aJIo
BojHJ1QJ1 HeKa BpllIe
(CTparOpO,L{CKor)
a U;pKBa
pa36YKTaBa rrJIaMeH pa3,L{opa YHecpeheHOM 3a OBaKBY CBOjy )J(aJIOCHY CY,L{6J1HY:' MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JOCJ1
HapO,L{y, KojJ1 je HajMalbe
je,L{aH pa3JIOr
KpJ1B
J1 ,L{acy rrapTH3aHJ1
y XpBaTcKoj
crracy
rOJIe )J(J1-
OfJIaCJ1JIa 3a KOMYHJ1CTe, XpBaTJ1 6J1 TO Y3eJIJ1 Kao
3a rrOKOJb Cp6a.
OCY,L{J10 je J1 JIJ1QeMepje
HeMaQa,
KOjJ1
cy pa30pY)J(aJIJ1 Cp6e ",L{O CeJba'IKe 6pJ1TBe': a ca,L{ O,L{IbJ1X Tpa)J(e ,L{arwHY y 60p6J1 rrpOTJ1B KOMYHJ1CTa. Ta,L{a je oBaj MY,L{pJ1Cp6CKJ1 BJIa,L{J1KaCBeTOCaBJbe
rO,L{J1He, JOHJ1h
je OfJIaCJ1TJ1 ce rrpOTJ1B J1360pa MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1Ta Ceprwja
3a rraTpJ1japxa
,L{ace 0 TOMe Mopa pa3rOBapaTJ1 JIO J1 KaCHJ1je. Y ceIITeM6py
Cp6J1, KojJ1 cy ce ,L{J1fJIJ1Ha 0pY)J(je ,L{aO,L{YCTallIa
BOTe. Ka,L{ 6J1 J1X U;pKBa jOllI
J1Ma caMO ,L{aMJ1pJ1, a HJ1KaKO ,L{a
A 13. XII 1943.
faBpJ1JIa, rro,L{ YCJIOBOM,L{a ce OfJIaCJ1 rrpOTJ1B KOMYUJ1CTa (TO jecT, rro Ca3HalbJ1-
BJ1 ra y6J1Te! Ka,L{ 6J1 TO OHa, He ,L{aj EO)J(e, peKJIa, He 6J1 BJ1llIe 6J1JIa MajKa. too.! CBoj rrocao,
y
CMJ1-
MOCKoBcKor).
CJ1HO,L{aJIQJ1cy O,L{rOBOpJ1JIJ1
ca CaMJ1M rraTpJ1japXOM.
1944.
BJIa,L{J1Ka HJ1KOJIaj 6y,L{y rrymTeHJ1
OBaKO ce HaCTaBJ1-
rrpJ1Qa je 6J1JIa ,L{a rraTpJ1japx ,L{a 6J1 y Eeorpa,L{
faBpJ1JIO J1
rr03BaJIJ1 KpaJba IIeTpa
J1 ,L{p)J(aJIJ1pe,L{Y rrpeCTOHJ1QJ1 ,L{OKHe ,L{o~e JIeraJIHa BJIaCT. MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1T JoCJ1
,L{a U;pKBa
He MO)J(e Ha ce6e
J1 ~eHepaJI
rrpJ1XBaTJ1TJ1 BJIaCT y XaOTJ1'IHOM
He,L{J1h je TBp,L{J10,L{a je OCJI060~elbe
OBe ,L{BojJ1Qe
- aJIJ1 O,L{Tora HJ1je 6J1JIO HJ1llITa. IIOJIOBJ1HOM cerrTeM6pa,
J1 HJ1KOJIaj cy nOCJIaTJ1 y ,I:(axay, a ~eHepaJI
faBpJ1JIO
,I:(aMlbaHOBJ1h je, y J1Me He,L{J1ha,
"'·ia·
65
o6ehaBao ~a he MopaTH ~a lUaJbY KypHpa JUfTJIepy ~a 6H OBa ~BojHIla 6HJIa nymTeHa Ha CJIo60~y . CBe je 6HJIO Y3aJIY~.
,_ Cp6Hje Ha EaJIKaHY. npeMa Cp6HMa je Tpe6aJIo 6HTH nOMHpJbHBHjH. Hoj6a. xep je XTeo ~a ce CTBOpH
MHTpOnOJIHT JOCH
orpa~CKor
MOJI6aMa H npeTlbaMa. H npe~Y3HMaJIH ca~ je~HH. ca~ ~pyrH. ~a HaM CJIOMe
nymTalbe
KHqMY. ~ajyhH CBa'~06pOHaMepHa' 06ehalba 'no QPKBY H cpnCKH Hapo~ cna-
je 6HO ~a ce Cp6CKH Hapo~ YMHPH H aHra>Kyje y 60p6H npOTHB KOM}'HHCTa. Ycneo je caMO ~a y6JIa>KH HeMaqKY 0~Ma3~y "CTO 3a je~Hor": no Hape~6H re-
COHOCHa· ... CTaJIHO 6eCMO Ha KpCT pa3aneTH. a MH He KJIOHYCMOO~ Tora ~a HaM He 6H 'CTpax 0)1;CMpTH 06pa3 OKaJbao·." liTO je Ba>KHJIO3a MHTpOnOJIHTa JocH<pa. Ba>KHJIOje H 3a naTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H CB. HHKOJIaja )l(HqKor. OKaJbao.
HH IbHMa CTpax O~ CMpTH HHje 06pa3
anapaT. >KaH~apMepHjy H ~06pOBOJbaqKe o~pe~e. Tpa>KHO je OTBapalbe 6eYHHBep3HTeTa. npeCTaHaK Ha~30pa Ha~ Cp6CKOM KymypOM Ha clI060~y
naTpHjapxa
faBpHlIa H BlIa~HKe HHKolIaja.
H
QHJb MY
Hepalla eJI6epa.22. ~e4eM6pa 1943. "KBOTe 3a 0~Ma3~y HHCY o~pel)eHe': Y cBeMY OCTaJIOMXHTlIep MY ce cynpoTcTaBHO. peKaBWH: "MH HHKa~ He CMeMO ~03BOJIHTH ~a Ha EaJIKaHY je~aH Hapo~ nOCTaHe CYBHwe MohaH. Hapo~ KojH HMa ocehaj nOlIHTHqKe MHcHje H HCTopHjcKe ynore. YnpaBO Cp6H cy Taj Hapo~. OHH cy ~OKa3alIH ~a HMajy BeJIHKY~p>KaBOTBopHY cHary. a H BelIHKe. aM6HIlH03He IlHJbeBe KOjH qaK H~y ~O ErejcKor Mopa. MMaM 036HJbHe npH-
Brra1J;HKaHHKorraj H XepMaH
Hoj6axep
Me~6e Ha TO ~a TaKaB Hapo~ y IbHXOBHM HacTojalbHMa H aM6HIlHjaMa ja jow noce6HO oxpa6pHM H nO~p>KHM:' CycpeT XHTlIepa H He~Hha y jeceH 1943.
XepMaH Hoj6axep
je 6HO cneIlHjaJIHH H3aCJIaHHK A~oJI<pa XHTJIepa 3a
EaJIKaH: nOqeB O~ HcnopYKe PYM}'HCKe Ha
HHWTa HHje ~OHeo. H He~Hh je 0~6HO ~a ~a H3jaBY C PH6eHTponoM. Hoj6axep
je C noje~HHHM qeTHHqKHM KOMaH~aHTHMa nOKymaBao ~a
nperoBapa 0 60p6H npoTHB THTa. M TY je HaHlIa3HO Ha XHTlIepoB oTnop: "HeMaqKH fJIaBHH CTaH. a HapOqHTO XHTJIep H lberOBa BpxoBHa KOMaH~a 0pY>KaHHX CHara. fJIe~aJIH cy Ha TO ca HepaCnOJIO>KelbeMH HenOBepelbeM:'
Y KOpHCTl)eHepaJIa MHXaHJIOBHha. aJIH cy ra KOM}'HHCTHTHToBe JyroCJIaBH-
EceCOBCKHreHepaJI MajcHep. JbYTHKpBOlIOK H Cp60Mp3aIl. cynpoTCTaBJbaO
je 3aTOqHJIH y CpeMcKoj MHTPOBHIlH. r~e je p06Hjao ~o 1952. Ka~ je. 360r 60JIeCTH. nymTeH. YMpO je 1956. oCTaBJbajyhH MeMoape.
6axepa ca XHTJIepOM H OHKajTelIoM. OHBajKcoM. OHPH6eHTponoM H
Hoj6axep ce Hawao y Cp6HjH Ka~ cy HeMIlHMa KOJIa06pHYJIa "HH3a cTpaHy': lIocJIe nopa3a no~ CTaJbHHrpa~oM. XHTJIep je 30. jaHyapa 1943. H3~ao npOKJIaMaIlHjy 0 3Haqajy HeMaqKe 60p6e npoTHB 60JbWeBHqKOr BapBapcTBa. HaIlHCTHqKHM nponaraH~HcTHMa ~a H3fe6eJIc je y KHO 6aIle H3 ynoTpe6e npHqy 0 HOBOMnopeTKY ~a npHna~HHIlH ~pyrHx Hapo~a He 6H nOMHCJIHJIHKaKO Pajx >KeJIH~a HX no~japMH. 06ehaBaHO je. Ha nJIaKa-
ce Hoj6axepoBHM
H~ejaMa. M 22. aBrycTa 1944. Ka~je O~p>KaHCaCTaHaKHoj-
XHMlIepoM. XHTJIep je peKao: ",Ua BaM O~Max Ha nOqeTKY 6y~e jacHo. HeMa HHWTa o~ ~aBalba 0pY>Kja qeTHHIlHMa!" XHTJIep je Ta~a H3jaBHo ~a XpBaTH HeMajy npe~cTaBY 0 ~p>KaBH. H )l;aje HHKa)l; Hehe HH HMaTH. 3a pa31IHKY o~ IbHX. "Cp6H cy Hapo~ KojH je o~peljeH ~a HMa )l;p>KaBYH KOjH je Kao Hapo~ O~p>KaH.IhHxoBa H~eOJIOfHja je BelIHKocpncKa. Y IbHMa nocTojH 6e3063HpHa oTnopHa eHara. 360r Tora he OHH YBeK 3acTynaTH BeJlHKOCpnCKYH)I;ejy.
THMa Y Cp6HjH. ~a he Cp6HMa oMoryhHTH ~a npHcTyne HOBoj eBponcKoj 3a-
OHO WTO )l;OJIa3HH3 Eeorpa~a 3HaqH onaCHOCT': M ~o~ao je: "HeMaqKa Mopa
je~HHIlH Koja he ~OHeTH "n03HTHBHO cTBapalbe. cpehy H 6JIarOCTalbe. npaBo
)1;0Kpaja cY36HjaTH CBe nlIaHOBe 0 BelIHKoj Cp6HjH.
CBaKor noje~HHIla Ha pa~ H npaBe~HY Harpa~y': HeMaqKa je npe~CTaBJbeHa Kao 60paIl3a npaBa MaJIHX Hapo~a. Hoj6axepa je XHTJIep nOCJIao Ha EaJIKaH
cpncKa BojcKa. lIpHXBaTJbHBHja qaK ciUaH08uiUa KOMYHuciUu~Ka ouacHociU"
He CMe ce CTBOpHTH
(no)l;BYKao B. ,U.). Hoj6axep je BpJIO06jeKTHBHo OIlelbHBao cp6cKe "KBHclIHHre".
a ]boTH-
Kao pol)eHor AycTpHjaHIla. H no~ceTHO ra Ha reHHjaJIHY nOJIHTHKYXa636yprOBaIla Y Toj 06JIaCTH. lIo ~p KOCTH HHKOJIHhy. Hoj6axepoB "OCHOBHH3a~a~
hy nHwe: "ATeHCTHqKH 60JbWeBH3aM KaKaB je Ha CHa3H y PYCHjH 3a ]bOTH-
TaK 6HO je ~a OKynH CBepa3Hopo~He H Mel)yc06Ho cynpoTCTaBJbeHe BojHe H
ha je npe)l;CTaBJbaO~ello caTaHCKHX CHlIa. Koje cy ce YBYKlIe y xpHwhaHCKH
nOJIHTHqKe aHTHKoM}'HHcTHqKe CHare. pa~H <popMHpalba CHa>KHOr
CBeT. OH je 6HO y nYHoj MepH cpnCKH HaIlHOHalIHCTa. allH Kao aHTHKOMY-
no~ HeMaqKOM KOMaH~OM': Hoj6axep
HHCTa pa3MHWJbaO je WHpe. y eBponCKHM ~HMeH3HjaMa. OBaKaB CTaB ~O-
je y CeJbaqKOMCTaHOBHHWTBYCp6Hje
BH~eo cHary OTnopa ,,60JbWeBH3aIlHjH EaJIKaHa"; 360r KJbyqHor nOJIO>Kaja
Beo ra je ~O capa~lbe C He)l;HheM H HeMIlHMa y 60p6H npOTHB KOM}'HH3Ma.
66
67
JhoTJ1h, Mel)YTJ1M, HJ1je 6J10 CrrpeMaH lla ce ollpeKHe HJ1 rrellJba jyroCJIOBeHCKe TepJ1TOpJ1je. IherOBe rrpJ1CTaJIJ1n;e cy ra 060)KaBaJIe. Ho, BaH - CBora rrOKpeTa 6J10 je BeOMa HerrorrYJIapaH, jep je cBoje CTaBOBe 3acTyrrao
°
ca He-
MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1THJ1KOJIaj BeJIJ1MJ1pOBJ1h.Ja caM aJIapMJ1paO BJIaCT.060jJ1n;a BJ1COKJ1X1l0cTojaHcTBeHJ1Ka CIIU 6J1JIa cy TOKOMpaTa J1HTepHJ1paHJ1 y jellHOM MaHaCTJ1py y EaHaTY. IIpJ1JIJ1KOM rrOBJIaqelba HeMaqKe rroJIJ1n;J1je, IbJ1X llBO-
rrOMJ1pJbJ1BOMKPYTOlIIhy:' HellJ1hy Hoj6axep Ka)Ke: "OH je CBJ1MCBOjJ1M Cpn;eM J1 llYIIIOM 6J10 CprrCKJ1 Han;J10HaJIJ1CTa. Y lberOBOM 6J1poy Ha 3J111Y je BJ1CJ1JIaCJIJ1Ka KpaJba, qJ1ja J136erJIJ1qKa BJIalla je rrpellCTaBJbaJIa 3a He-
jJ1n;a cy TaKol)e ollBelleHJ1 J13 MaHaCTJ1pa J1 rrpe6aqeHJ1
MaqKY HerrpJ1jaTeJbCKY CJ1JIY.HeMaqKa
n;y n;pKBeHJ1X 1l0cTojaHcTBeHJ1Ka Ha Moj 3aXTeB OllMax OCJI06011J1,J111a J1Mce
rrporraraHlla,
Koja je 6J1JIa 1l0callHa,
y HeMaqKY. KOHaqHO
cy 6J1JIJ1CMelIITeHJ1: y 60JIHJ1n;y, y.D;axay. KaJITeH6pYHep
jOlli HJ1je 3Hao lla cy
OHJ1orreT J1HTepHJ1paHJ1. Kalla je 3a TO qyo Oll MeHe, 6J10 je crrpeMaH lla 060jJ1-
HerrpeCTaHO ce J13pyrJ1BaJIa ca IbJ1M Kao ca 'KpaJbeM - lleqaKOM'. CJ1M60JIe
OllpellJ1 MecTO 60paBKa y HeKOM rpallY y EaBapcKoj.
HarraheHor
HM ce y HeMaqKoj lla rrYHa CJI06011a KpeTalba. J.1OBOje, TaKol)e, 6J1JIO01l06pe-
HapOlla rrpellCTaBJbaJIa je llpyra
OKPYTHOM peaJIHOlIIhy, je MajKY Cp6J1jy.
)KeHY pa3arreTY
CJIJ1Ka, Koja je rrpJ1Ka3J1BaJIa, ca
Ha KPCTY. Ta )KeHa rrpellCTaBJbaJIa
CBe OBO HJ1je HJ1KaKO Morno lla 3HaqJ1 3a HeMn;e KOjJ1 cy
ra rrOCehJ1BaJIJ111a HellJ1h 060)KaBa oKyrraTope
J111a rrpeMa IbJ1Ma rajJ1 CJ1M-
KaCHJ1je caM 3axTeBao lla
}l0. TaKO cy rraTpJ1japx faBpJ1JIO J1 MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1THJ1KOJIaj BeJIJ1MJ1pOBJ1hCTJ1rJIJ1 Y Eeq. TaMO ce HaJIa3J1JIa 6pojHa cprrCKa KOJIOHJ1ja,yrJIaBHOM J136efJIJ1n;e, KojJ1 cy ca pallOllihy
rr0311paBJ1JIJ1 rraTpJ1japxa
J1 MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1Ta. faBpJ1JIO je
rraTJ1je': Hoj6axep llollaje: "HellJ1h je 0ll HeMan;a CTaJIHO ll0)KJ1BJbaBaO pa30qapelba J1 6J10 je OrOpqeH IbJ1XOBJ1MrrocTyrrn;J1Ma. OH je HerrpeCTaHO XTeo
6J10 J1Mrr03aHTHa, yrreqaTJbJ1Ba JIJ1qHOCT,UpHoropan;,
lla rrOllHece OCTaBKY Ha rrOJIO)Kaj rrpellCellHJ1Ka BJIalle. AJIJ1, HJ1je 6J10 jaKa JIJ1qHOCT J1 YBeK je 1l03BOJIJ10 lla ra OllBpaTe Oll Te HaMepe. / .. ./ Hallao ce
Tor HJ1KOJIY,Kora rr03Hajy J13 lleqjJ1X 6ajKJ1. faBpJ1JIO J1 HJ1KOJIaj ocehaJIJ1 cy
lla he, aKO rrpJ1CTaHe Ha capalllbY
cy lly60KO J1MrrpeCJ10HJ1paHJ1 qJ1lbeHJ1n;OM lla y HeMaqKoj )KJ1BJ1TaKO MHoro
Cp6a
J1 rr060JblIIaTJ1IbJ1XOB
ca oKyrraTopoM,
rrOJIO)Kaj. / .. ./ IIocJIao
OJIaKlIIaTJ1 3JIY CY1l6J1HY MJ1je CTOTJ1He rrJ1CaMa y
KojJ1Ma ce )KaJIJ1 Ha cTpallalbe Cp6a y XpBaTcKoj, y AJI6aHJ1jJ1, y 6yrapcKoj oKyrran;J10Hoj 30HJ1, y Mal)apcr<:oj J1 Harrollpyqjy Koje je oKyrrJ1paJIa HeMaqKa. / .. ./ HellJ1h je 6J10 rrOTrrYHO Hece6J1qHa oc06a J1 HJ1je rrocellOBao HJ1KaKBO J1Malbe J1JIJ160raTCTBO:' Hoj6axep
ca BeJIJ1KJ1MrrOlliTOBalbeM rrJ1lIIe J1 0 l)eHepaJIY MJ1XaJ1JIOBJ1-
Ihera
cy llen;a y EaBapcKoj,
360r lberOBe llyre 6palle,
pOllOM J13 KOJIalIIJ1Ha. rr0311paBJbaJIJ1 Kao CBe-
ce BeOMa 1l06po y 6aBapCKOM ceJIY. OKpY)KeHJ1 rrpJ1jaTHJ1M JbYllJ1Ma, 6J1JIJ1 peJIJ1rJ103HJ1X JbYllJ1. IIaTpJ1japx
J1 MJ1TpOrrOJIJ1Trroce6HO cy 6J1JIJ1llJ1pHYTJ1
HaqJ1HOM KaKO HeMn;J1 CJIaBe EO)KJ1h Y3 60)KJ1hHY jeJIKY, YKJbyqyjyhJ1 J1 rrpe,n;J1BHY,6eCMpTHY 60)KJ1hHY rreCMY CflOKojNa Non, cBeiUa Non (Stille Nach, heiIige Nacht).
060jJ1n;a
cy J1CKpeHO J13jaBJ1JIa, lla cy 0 HeMaqKOM HapOllY 110
calla J1MaJIJ1CaCBJ1MllPyraqJ1jy
rrpellCTaBY. HJ1KOJIaj je 6J10 jellaH 0ll BOllehJ1x
rrpaBOCJIaBHJ1X TeOJIOra, BeJIJ1KJ1rrporrOBellHJ1K, KOjJ1je J1MaO lIIJ1pOKO 06pa-
hy, KOjJ1je, 0llMax 1941, "rrOCTao CJIaBaH jYHaK cprrcKor oTrropa, KOjJ1 ce ca CBOjJ1MqeTHJ1n;J1Ma BpaTJ10 cTapoj 6aJIKaHcKoj TpallJ1n;J1jJ1 J1TJ1Me crracao
aOBalbe. OH je, TaKol)e, 6J10 OlliTap rrOJIJ1TJ1qKJ160pan; xpJ1lIIhaHCKor CBeTa,
qaCT Han;J1je"; "Y311p)KaBaO ce 0ll CBJ1XrrperoBopa
.D;apBJ1Ha, MapKca
ca HeMn;J1Ma J1 OCTao Be-
KOjJ1je Beh OllaBHO 6J10 rr03Hat y EHfJIeCKoj J1AMepJ1n;J1. IherOB 6ec rrpOTJ1B J1 HJ1qea HJ1je J1MaO rpaHJ1n;e. Talla 6J1 J13 lberOBJ1X n;pHJ1X
paH CaBe3HJ1n;J1Ma:' Hoj6axep je 0 TOMe cBelloqJ1o rrpell J1CJIellHJ1n;J1May TJ1TOBOM EeorpallY; 360r Tora je 6J10 ocyl)eH Ha p06J1jy, a lberOBO cBellOqelbe
HJ1Ka cprrCKe n;pKBe J1MaO caM 1l06pe JIJ1qHe OllHoce. IIpell
je 01l6aqeHO, jep je J1lIIJIOy KOpJ1CTl)eHepaJIa
BJ1l)aJIJ1 y rrpOTJ1BBa311YlIIHJ1M CKJIOHJ1lIITJ1Ma,rrOllpYMJ1Ma 6eQKJ1X XOTeJIa
.D;aKJIe, Hoj6axep
.D;pa)Ke.
HJ1je 6J10 HerrpJ1jaTeJb Cp6a,
MOry J1HCTpYMeHTaJIJ130BaTJ1 y KOpJ1CTHeMaqKe,
J1 BepoBao
je lla ce OHJ1
rroll YCJIOBOMlla ce 0llHOC
rrpeMa IbJ1Ma rrpOMeHJ1 Ha 60Jbe. Ho, XJ1TJIep HJ1je lleJIJ10 lberOBO MJ1lIIJbelbe.
OqJ1jy rroqJ1lbaJIe lla ceBajy MYlbe J1 BapHJ1n;e. Ca 060jJ1n;OM 1l0cTojaHcTBeKpaj paTa CMOce
'J1MrrepJ1jaJI' J1 'EpHCTOJI', KaKO 6J1 ce 3alIITJ1TJ1JIJ1Oll KJ1lIIe aMepJ1QKJ1X60M6J1 - CBaKa je 6J1JIa TelliKa rro XJ1JballY KJ1JIorpaMa - Koje cy rrallaJIe rro n;eHTpy
C TJ1MY Be3J1 6J10 je J1 lberOB rroKYlIIaj lla OCJI06011J1 rraTpJ1japxa faBpJ1JIa J1 BJIallJ1KYHJ1KOJIaja - paqYHao je Ha 1l06ap rrporraraHllHJ1 e4>eKaT TaKBor rro-
Y cehalbY MJ1 je HapOQJ1TO OCTaJIO 60M6apllOBalbe EeQa 12. MapTa 1945. Talla je YHJ1lIITeHa CBeTCKJ1QYBeHa EeQKa orrepa. EOM6e cy rrJbYIIITaJIe OKOXOTeJIa 'EPJ1CTOJI', a ¥ rrOllPYMY Tor XOTeJIa CelleJIJ1 CMO HJ1KOJIaj J1 ja J1
cTyrrKa Mel)y Cp6J1Ma. TOMe ce cyrrpoTCTaBJ10
BOllJ1JIJ14>J1JIOao4>CKepa3rOBope.
JIJ1qHO XJ1TJIep.
Ha Kpajy, Hoj6axep je yqecTBoBao y rrYIIITalbY rraTpJ1japxa faBpJ1JIa J1 BJIallJ1Ke HJ1KOJIaja J13 .D;axaya (Kao inTO BJ111eCMO,HJ1je 6J1JIO peqJ1 0 KOHaqHOM oCJI06al)aIbY). EBO lIITa OH Ka)Ke 0 TOMe:
"Y HOBeM6py 1944. CTJ1raO caM y Eeq. Ca3Hao HJ1n;J1Y .D;axayy HaJIa3e rraTpJ1japx
caM lla ce Y jellHoj 60JI-
CprrcKe rrpaBOCJIaBHe n;pKBe, faBpJ1JIO J1
rpalla.
TeMa HaM je 6J10 4>paHn;YCKJ1 MJ1CJIJ1JIan;
IIacKaJI J1lberOBO lleJIO MUCllU (Pensees). C BpeMeHa Ha BpeMe, TelliKe eKOOJIO3J1je rrOTpeCaJIe cy Halli rrOllPYM J1 rrYHJ1JIe ra rrpalIIJ1HOM. Y TOM TpeHYTKY ja 6J1X YCTao J1 Kaaao HeKOJIJ1KOpeQJ1, KaKO 6J1x YMJ1pJ10 J1 oxpa6pJ10
6POjHY
llen;y J1)KeHe, KOjJ1cy 6J1JIJ1ca HaMa y CKJIOHJ1lIITY.J.1cToBpeMeHo 6J1 ce y cBOj CBOjOj BenJ1QJ1HJ1ycrrpaBJ10
CprrCKJ1 rraTpJ1japx
ca llyrOM, 6eJIOM 6palloM
J1
II
69
3JIaTHHM SeJIHKHM KpCTOM 06emeHHM 0 rpYAH, I
OAHOCYaMepHqKOr HOBor CBeTCKor nopeTKa npeMa Cp6HMa. Jep, H AMepH-
Hal)eM. TIocne CBera HeKonHKO ceKYHAH, Y nOAPYMY je oneT BnaAao MHp.
KaHl.\H ce 60pe npOTHB "BeJIHKOCp6cKe H)J;eje': H pa)J;eHa pa3rpa)J;IbH cp6CKe BojcKe, H )J;onYCTHBHja MH je KOMYHHCTHqKa onaCHOCT O)J;KOHCOJIH)J;al.\Hje
hy Y3Ap)l(aHOCT. )J;o IbHX je CTHrao n03HB Cp6a, KOjH cy ce HamnH y MCTPH,
cp6CKe )J;p)l(aBe (3aTO nO)J;p)l(aBajy CBe6HBme KOMYHHCTe,MaCKHpaHe y "JIeBe JIH6epaJIe" H ,,)J;eMOKpaTe"). 3aTO HM CMeTa H HHKOJIaj, na npeKO CBOjHX H)J;eOJIOIlIKHXnHOHa, THna
Aa HX noceTe. To cy OHH H ypaAHnH. BHO je TO anpHn 1945. XHTnep je jeABa A03BonHO Aa AO Te noceTe Aol)e. OH ce, HaHMe, 60jao, Aa 6H OBe ABe Ba)l(He
MHpKa 1)opl)eBHha H Baj0p)J;a,xohe )J;acnpeqe YTHl.\aj HajBeher Cp6HHa nOCJIe CBeTor CaBe Ha CBOj HapO)J;.M y TOMe je HajcTpallIHHjH napa)J;OKC:
nHqHOCTH HeKO Morao Aa KHAHanyje. XHTJIep je CTora HHCHCTHpao Aa H ja
HHKOJIaj, aMepHqKH caBe3HHK y 60p6H npOTHB Hal.\HCTa H KOMYHHCTa,Kao
nYTyjeM ca IbHMa. )J;orOBopHnH CMOce Aa ce Hal)eMo y KOPYIliKOj, KOAje3epa
H l)eHepaJI )J;pa)l(a, )J;aHacje HenpHjaTeJb aMepHqKHX rn06aJIHCTa H persona
BepTep (Worther).
non grata y HHTeneKTyaJIHOM )l(HBOTY Cp6Hje.
faBpHno H HHKonaj cy y nOnHTHqKHM aKTHBHOCTHManOKa3anH HajBe-
HHcaM Morao Aa CTHrHeM Ha BpeMe, na cy OHH KpeHYJIH
6e3 MeHe, jep cy HX Cp6H H3 npaTlbe HenpeCTaHO nO)l(ypHBaJIH Aa ce Beh jeAHOM KpeHe. Ja caM HX HnaK CYCTHrao, a naTpHjapx H MHTpOnOJIHT cy MH ce H3BHHHJIH,jep Me HHCY,KaKOje 6HJIOAorOBopeHO, qeKaJIH. OHH HHCY3HaJIH Aa CaMja npeY3eo nYHY OArOBopHOCT3a IbHXOBY6e36eAHOCT TOKOMqHTaBOr nYTa. PaTHa nOApyqja cy 3aMHllIJbanH caCBHM APyraqHje. OcehanH cy Aa cy
"IIo~aCHII))3aTBOp y )l;axay qyje ce)J;aje y HeKHM )J;oMahHMHBO HajJIenllIa )l(eJba: ,,)J;aBor )J;aTH YKa-
nOnHTHqKH BeOMa eKcnOHHpaHH H 360r Tora MeTa MHorHMa, na cy Tpa)l(HJIH
3aJIH qaCT y)J;axaYCKOM 6YHKepy! )J;a Bor )J;aTe qaCTHJIH O)J;MOpOMy)J;axay!"
Aa ce IlITO npe BpaTHMo y AYCTpHjy. OA faBpHna H HHKOJIaja caM ce pacTao
TOJIHKOje nYTa, Y Be3H C HHKOJIajeM, H3rOBopeHO H HanHcaHO "nOqaCHH
y KHl.\6HJIY· Ja caM y6p30 6HO HHTepHHpaH, a faBpHJIO ce BpaTHo y BeorpaA
6YHKep", )J;acy JbY)J;HnO)l(eJIeJIH )J;ace TaMO O)J;Mope. Ho, maJIY Ha CTpaHY·
H 6HO je H AaJbe nornaBap
IIITa je, y CTBapH, "nOqaCHH 6YHKep"?
CTIU;. TIpe HeKOJIHKOrOAHHa je YMpO. HHKOJIaj
je eMHrpHpao y AMepHKY, rAe je, Kao BeJIHKHrOBopHHK, 3anOqeO KpCTalliKH
Peq je 0 3rpa)J;H qHjH je 3BaHHqHH Ha3HB 6HO "KOMaH)J;HH3aTBOp". HHC-
paT npOTHB THTa H lberOBe BJIaCTH.BOpHTH ce npOTHB THTa, Mel)YTHM, Ha
Ka H )J;yraqKa (no TIpe)J;pary MJIHhy, 196 MeTapa )J;yraqKa H 10 MeTapa IlIH-
3anaAY je Beh npe MHoro rOAHHa npeCTaJIO Aa 6YAe MOAa. HHKOJIaj, 3aKneTH
pOKa), HMaJIa je 136 heJIHja, y KojHMa ce HaJIa3HJIa cHjaJIHl.\a H je)J;Ho Mano
npOTHBHHK CBHX MOAepHHX 'H3aMa', Mopao je Aa ce CYOqH ca jeAHHM Moh-
rpejHo TeJIO, Kao H WC IlIOJba. Cpe)J;HHoM 1941. y "BYHKep" cy AOBe)J;eHH
HHM 'H3MOM', ca nOJIHTHqKHM peaJIH3MoM. A OH ce HHTepecyje caMO 3a KP-
nacTop MapTHH HHMeJIep H pHMOKaTOJIHqKHCBeIlITeHHl.\H JoxaH Hojxajaep, MHXaeJI XaK H HHKOJIayc JaHceH, npeMa KojHMa cy, Ka)l(e MJIHh, "CC-OBl.\H
CTallie KOjH MOry Aa ce JIerHTHMHIlIY THMe IlITO noceAyjy )J;oroBapajyhH 6poj TeHKOBCKHX)J;HBH3Hja. AKO TO HeMajy, OH)J;aHM je y xpHllIhaHCKOM CBeTY 06e36el)eH je)J;HHOycnex KOjH ce 30Be nomTOBalbe H na)l(lba:' IIITa ce H3 Hoj6axepoBor,
)J;HnJIOMaTCKH HHTOHHpaHor, H3JIaralba BH)J;H?
nOKa3HBaJIH Hey06HqajeHo
BeJIHKe o63Hpe H nOIliTOBalbe, npHMelbyjyhH
npeMa IbHMa )J;aJIeKO6JIa)l(H pe)l(HM )l(HBOTa H pa)J;aHero npeMa 6HJIO KOjHM .n;pyrHM JIOrOpaIIIHMa. 360r Tora cy )J;06HJIHHa3HB 'Cnel.\HjaJ1HHX' HJIH 'no-
TIaTpHjapx H Bna)J;HKaHHCYXTeJIH)J;acapal)yjy C HeMl.\HMa: "faBpHJIO H HH-
qaCHHX 3aTBopeHHKa": )J;eo 3rpa)J;e y Kojy cy cMellITeHH, r)J;eje HanpaBJbeHa
Konaj cy y nOnHTHqKHM aKTHBHOCTHManOKa3anH HajBehy Y3)J;p)l(aHOCT:'XuTJIep je HHCHCTHpao )J;afaBpHJIO H HHKOJIaj 6Y)J;ynO)J;npaTIbOM, )J;aHX "HeKO
H HMnpoBH30BaHa Kanena, Ha3BaH je "nOqaCHH 6YHKep': Y lbeMY cy, nope)J; CBellITeHHX JIHl.\a,6HnH "qJIaHOBH npe)J;paTHHx BJIa)J;a3eMaJba Koje cy oKynH-
He KH)J;Hanyje" (TO jecT, He OTMe 9)J;HeMal.\a, KOjH cy HacTojaBaJIH Ha TOMe)J;a
panH HeMl.\H, BHCOKHOHl.\HPHH )J;HnJIOMaTe,HCTaKHYTHqnaHOBH nOKpeTa
Cp6CKH BeJIHKO)J;OCTojHHl.\HocnlHY nO)J;IbHXOBOM KOHTpOJIOM). TIaTpHjapx Cp6CKH H BJIa)J;HKa)l(HqKH HH Y CJIOBeHHjH HHCY )l(eJIeJIH )J;ace nOJIHTHqKH H3JIa)l(Y, na cy Tpa)l(HJIH nOBpaTaK y AYCTpHjy. M OBO nOTBpl)yje Hamy OCHOBHYTe3Y: XHTJIep naTpHjapxa BJIa)J;HKYHHKOJIaja HHje CMaTpao CBojHM caBe3HHl.\HMa.
faBpHna H
Ho, nope)J; OBHXnO)J;aTaKa0 O)J;HOCY HpepanpeMa BPXY CTIU;, 6Hno 6H )J;06po )J;apa3MHCJIHMO0 O)J;HOCY HpepanpeMa Cp6HMa KOjH je HCTOBeTaH
oTnopa H n03HaTH cTpaHH areHTH': XpaHHJIH cy ce 6oJbe, qHTaJIH HOBHHe H KIbHre H CJI060)J;HOllIeTaJIH no )J;BOfHIlITY H3a "BYHKepa". XpaHa HM je 6Hna 60Jba Hero )J;pyrHM JIOrOpaIIIHMa. Mel)y 3aTOqeHHl.\HMa cy ce Ha'Ia3HJIH H 6HBllIH npe)J;ce)J;HHK<1>paHl.\YCKe, JIeoH BJIYM, ca )l(eHOM; aYCTpHjCKH KaHl.\eJIap C nopO)J;Hl.\OM;CHHOBal.\BHHCTOHa qepqHJIa, TIHTep; CHHOBal.\CTaJbHHOBor MHHHCTpa CnOJbHHXnOCJIOBa,BjaqecnaBa MOJIOTOBa, BaCHJIHj KOKOpHH-MOJIOTOB; CHH Mal)apcKor
pereHTa XopTHja;
6aBapCKH KHe3 AJI6peXT
70
71
C rrOp0)J;H.QOM;KHerHlba MapHja, HHCTap ¢JfHaHCJfja
HeMa'lKe,
hepKa HTaJIHjaHcKor
XjaJIMap
KpaJba, C p;e.QOM;MJf-
IIIaxT; rp'lKJf reHepaJI
AJIeKcaHp;ap
narraroc; JfTaJIJfjaHCKJf reHepaJI CaHTe fapJf6aJIp;Jf; ¢paH.QYCKJf Hap;6JfCKyn fa6pJfjeJI nJfKe. HeKe op; IbJfX je XJfMJIep )l(eJIeO p;a JfCKOpJfCTJf KaO TaO.Qe Y 6YP;yhJfM rrperOBOpJfMa ca CaBe3HJf.QJfMa. O'lJfTO je p;a Ha.QJfCTJfOBe 3aTO'1eHJfKe HJfCY TpeTJfpaJIJf
KaO 06Jf'lHe
JIoropallIe
- OHJf CY C IbJfMa JfMaJIJf
HapO'lJfTe nJIaHOBe. AJIJf, TJf JbYP;Jf CY TaKO~e 6JfJIJf Y JIOropy. KaKaB je TO "KOM¢Op": CJfjaJIJf.Qa, rpejaJIJf.Qa Jf WC llIOJba? nOCJIe CBera, oCTaje '1JflbeHJf.Qa: jep;JfHJf rrOrJIaBap HeKe UpKBe KOjJf je 3a BpeMe ):(pyror TpJfjapx
CBeTCKOr paTa 6JfO 3aTO'leH y ):(axay op; HeMa.Qa 6Jfo je rra-
Cp6CKJf faBpJfJIO ():(o)l(Jfh), KOjJf je, Y3 HaCJIep;HJfKa )l(Jf'lKe KaTep;pe
CBeTor CaBe, HJfKOJIaja, nOKa3ao MY)l(aHcTBo Jf nocTojaHocT Cp6Jf rrollITyjy P;OK je CBeTa Jf BeKa!
p;ocTojHY p;a ra
npeHOCJfO.QJf BeCTJf JfJIH p;a BJfllIe JfJIJf Malbe OTBopeHO cyp;eJIyjy y aHrJIO¢JfJICKoj nporraraHp;Jf JfJIJf p;a MaHaCTJfpJf - '1aK Jf MaHaCTJfpJf KaJIy~epJf.Qa - 6yp;y JfCKOpJfllIhaBaHJf Kao CKpOBJfllITa. ErrJfCKOrr HHKOJIaj je Jf3 OBJfXpa3JIOra rrpe HeKOJIJfKOp;aHa Jf3 lberOBor MeCTa 60paBKa ceBepHO op; TpCTeHJfKa p;OBep;eH . y OKOJIJfHYBeorpap;a. npe Hero llITO ce OCeTJfM rr06y~eHJfM p;a Jf oBp;e npep;ysMeM CTpore Mepe, Kao llITO caM Beh JfHa'le Mopao p;a '1JfHJfM, ja OBJfM OnOMJflbeM Jf MOJIJfMBac p;a Jf3BeCTJfTe KpyroBe KOjJf y TOMe JfMajy Y'lellIha p;a JfX IbJfXOB '1JfH HJfrrOllITO Hehe Ca'lYBaTJf op; OHJfX Mepa Koje cMaTpaM p;a cy nOTpe6He y JfHTepecy oKynaTOpcKe CJfJIe. O'leKyjeM p;a he y HajKpaheM pOKY HacTynJfTJf rrpOMeHe:' HeM.QJfMa HJfKOJIaj HJfKap; HJfje 6JfO nOY3p;aH: '1JfM cy P;OllIJIJf Y Cp6Jfjy
1941, jaBJfJIJf cy fJIaBHoj yrrpaBJf 6e36ep;HOCTJf Pajxa p;a
cy 3arrJIeHJfJIJf apXJfBY cnu Jf cacJIyrnaJIJf HJfKOJIaja BeJIJfMJfpOBJfha, 03Ha'1eHOr Kao rJIaBHOr npep;CTaBHJfKa "npOeHrJIeCKe arJfTa.QJfje" (360r lberOBJfX
y
Be3a ca aHrJIJfKaH.QJfMa). BJIap;JfKYHJfKOJIaja je llIrrJfjYHJfpao Jf Herp;allIlbJf pe-
):(axay je P;OBOJbHOy6ep;JbJfBo: rrop; CaBe3HJf'lKOM 60M6aMa, JfCTepJfBaHJf y 6JIaTlbaBY jaMY, y CTpaxy Jf cTpap;aIbY; rraTpJfjapx JIe)l(Jf 60JIeCTaH, a HeM.QJf
¢epeHT 3a llITaMny naTpHjapxa BapHaBe, cOBjeTCKJf yxop;a MJfllIa BpallIJfh, KojJf je HeM.QJfMa, rrpeKo rrOCpep;HJfKa, p;ocTaBHOBJIap;JfKY Kao Capap;HJfKa
ra MaJITpeTJfpajy,
):(pa)l(e MJfXaJfJIOBJfha, llITO je p;OrrpJfHeJIO lberOBOM op;Bo~elbY Jf3 lby60CTJf-
YocTaJIOM, CBep;O'laHCTBO CB. HJfKOJIaja )l{Jf'lKOr 0 "y)l(JfBaIbJfMa"
Tepajy p;a YCTaje Jf p;a 06JIa'lJf MaHTJfjy, JfTp;. J1JIJfh ce, Me-
~YTJfM, YCYP;JfOp;a TBpP;Jf p;a cy HJfKOJIaj Jf faBpJfJIO JfMaJIJf "JIJf'lHY nocJIyry"
lbe y BOjJIOBJf.QyJf, KaCHJfje, y):(axay.
Koja ce cacTojaJIa cBeMY cyp;ehJf .. :'
capa~yje ca Ha.QJfCTJfMa, a crraja JfX 3ajep;HJf'lKa Mp)l(lba rrpeMa cp6cKoj 60p;Jf Jf CBeToM HJfKOJIajy )l{Jf'lKOM.)
op; 06Jf'lHJfX JIoropallIa.
lheroB
apryMeHT rJIaCJf: "npeMa
):(aKJIe, p;pyrOBJf Jf p;pyrapJf.Qe Jf3 p;oMahJfx rJI06aJIJfCTJf'lKJfX HBO, llITa MJfCJIJfTe 0 OP;MOpy Y heJIJfjJf 2,20 llIJfpOKOj, 2,90 p;yra'lKoj Jf 3,10 MeTapa BJf-
(3aHJfMJbJfB rrop;aTaK: jep;aH KOMYHJfCTa
EBO llITa jOllI Ka)l(e Pap;MJfJIa Pap;Jfh: "HeMa'lKO HerroBepelbe MY HJfje y6JIa)l(eHO HJf rrOCJIe Jf3BellITaja nporraraHp;Hor
CJIO-
rrpeMa Ibe-
Op;eJbelba Jf3p;aBa'lKOr
COKOj,ca rpejaJIJf.QoM, cJfjaJIJf.QoM Jf WC llIOJbOM, rrJIYc llIeTlbe rro JIOrOpCKoM
npep;Y3eha
P;BOpJfllITY, eceCOBCKa xpaHa npaBJf OP;MOp, HeMa llITa!
XHTJIepa:' (O'lJfTO, HeKO ce rr03JfBaO Ha rOBop Jf3 1935. p;a 6Jf BJIap;JfKJf rroMorao, aJIJf HeM.QJf cy p;06po 3HaJIJf p;a Taj rOBop HeMa HJfKaKBe Be3e ca BJIa-
Jf rrpaBo p;a HOCJfTe CBOjy op;ehy? OP;MOP, a?
'JyrOJfCTOK' Jf p;a je OH rrpe paTa, rrpBJf y Beorpap;y,
P;JfKJfHJfMcap;allIlbJfM CTaBOM Jf pacnOJIO)l(elbeM.) Hoj6axep
Jom
0 BPXY CUI(
Y paTY
nOKyrnao
rrOXBaJIJfO
KaCHJfje, Kap;a je XepMaH
p;a JfHTepBeHJfllIe p;a ce naTpJfjapx
faBpJfJIO Jf BJIap;JfKa
HJfKOJIaj rrycTe, XJfTJIep ce TOMe OllITpO Jf OP;JIY'lHOycnpOTJfBJfO. Hoj6axep je rrO'leTKOM 1945. Tpa)l(JfO op; PJf6eHTpOrra p;a MYce P;03BOJIJfp;a npep;CTaBHJfKe
Y BeOMa 036JfJbHoj CTYP;JfjJfP;p Pap;MJfJIe Pap;Jfh ,,):(p)l(aBa Jf BepcKe 3a-
cp6CKor
cBellITeHcTBa (O'lJfTO naTpJfjapxa
Jf BJIap;JfKY )l(Jf'lKor) aHra)l(yje
y
jep;HJf.Qe 1945-1970:' (Beorpap;, 2002) 0 npahelbY BJIap;JfKe HJfKOJIaja Jf rrporOHJfMa JfCTOr HaJIa3Jf ce HJf3 Bepop;ocTojHJfX Jf 3Ha'lajHJfX '1JflbeHJf.Qa. Op;
Hoj6axep
caMor nO'leTKa,
CTO Ha '1eJIY BJIap;e, aJIJf op; Tora HJfje 6JfJIO HJfllITa. CY)l(lbJfMa HJfje p;03BOJbe-
BJIap;JfKa HJfKOJIaj je cMaTpaH
6pJfTaHCKJfM '10BeKOM. Op;
Ibera je BJfCOKJfHa.QJfCTJf'lKJf 3BaHJf'lHJfK TypHep Tpa)l(JfO rrOBJIa'lelbe Jf3 jaBHor )l(JfBOTa. KOMaHp;aHT Cp6Jfje, y BpeMe JfHTepHa.QJfje BJIap;JfKe HJfKOJIaja y BojJIOBJf.Qy, p;OCTaBJfO je Hep;JfheBoj BJIaCTJf aKT cJIep;ehe Cap;p)l(JfHe: "Ca )l(aJbelbeM MopaM KOHCTaTOBaTJf p;a y nOCJIep;lbe BpeMe CBellITeHCTBO CBe
60p6Jf
npOTJfB 60JbllIeBJf3Ma, aJIJf PJf6eHTpOn
MYje op;rOBOpJfO HeraTJfBHO.
je '1aK MJfCJIJfOp;a BJIap;JfKa HJfKOJIaj YMecTo Hep;Jfna npeY3Me Me-
HO p;a oP;y y IIIBaj.QapcKY Ha JIe'lelbe. BJfTHJf cy 3aKJbY'l.QJf p;p Pap;MJfJIe Pap;Jfn: "CBeTJf ApxJfjepejcKJf HOP;
CJf-
Ha '1eJIY ca MJfTpOrrOJIJfTOM JOCJf¢OM nOKYllIaBao je TOKOMoKyna.QJfje
p;a MaHeBpJfllIe,
0p;6JfjajynJf
p;JfpeKTHY capap;lbY ca HeM.QJfMa, rr03JfBajynJf
p;o HajBJfllIJfX BpxoBa Y3JfMa Y'lellIha y rr06YH>eHJf'lKOM rroKpeTY y HajMalbY PYKY cBojJfM CJfMnaTJfjaMa. HJf rrop; KOjJfM YCJIOBHMa ce He MO)l(e TprreTJf
ce npJfTOM Ha 3aKOHCKO-KaHOHCKe rrperrpeKe
TO llITO CBellITeHJf.QJf p;03BOJbaBajy p;a 6yp;y yrroTpe6JbeHJf
Mepe, JfTp;.). CJfJIOM npJfJIJfKa MOpaJIe cy 6JfTJf Op;p)l(aBaHe Be3e ca reHepaJIOM
Ha npJfMep
Kao
KOM, naTpJfjapx
je yxarrllIeH,
(UpKBa ce He 6aBJf nOJIJfTJf-
CJfHOP; 6e3 naTpJfjapxa
He P;OHOCJf3BaHJf'lHe
72
73
He~HheM, aJIH O~HOCHcy 6HJIH ~aJIeKO O~ Cp~aqHHX 6e3 063Hpa Ha rroKymaje He~Hha ~a HX TaKBHM rrpHKa)l{e. ITpeMa Tpehoj CTpaHH, KOMYHHCTHMa,
BJIA)l;J1KA HJ1KOJIAJ J1 fPA1)AHCKJ1
QpKBa HHKa~ HHje 6HJIa HaKJIOlbeHa, aJIH je CHHO~ CMaTpaO~a ce y rrocTojehHM OKOJIHOCTHMaQpKBa He CMe OKpeTaTH rrpOTHB cBoje '3a6JIy~eJIe ~eu;e'
PAT
BJIap;HKa HHKOJIaj H 1)eHepaJI ,u;paJKa
H pacrrHpHBaTH 6paToy6HJIaqKH paT. OCHOBHH pa3JIOr JIe)l{ao je y TOMe WTO cy y 3arra~HHM KpajeBHMa JyroCJIaBHje, Cp6H rrpHcTyrraJIH rrapTH3aHCKHM je~HHHu;aMa He TOJIHKOH3 YBepelba, KOJIHKOy HacTojalbY ~a caqyaajy )l{HBOT. OCHM Tora H y OCTaJIHMKpajeBHMa 3eMJbe rrpaBOCJIaBHH CBeWTeHHU;H
"
cy rrpHcTyrraJIH rrapTH3aHCKHM o~pe~HMa HJIH rrOMaraJIH rrOKpeT Ha pa3He HaqHHe.
3a BpeMe rr03HaTor MOHCTpY03Hor rrpou;eca l)eHepany )J;pa)l{H MHxaHnOBHhy HeKonHKO
rrYTa je rrOMeHYTO H Bna~HKHH(j HMe, Kao HMe qOBeKa
6JIHCKOr PaBHoropCKOM rrOKpeTY H caMOM 1)eHepany. MHxaHnOBHh je peKao ~a je ca HHKonajeM ~p)l{ao Be3Y rrpeKO qOBeKa "KojH je YCMeHOMorao ~a 3arraMTH CBaKY peq Koja MY ce Ka)l{e H HHWTa HHje rOBopHO. Ja rOBopHM, OH
"HajBHwe
CHMrraTHja CITQ je rrOKa3HBaJIa rrpHpO~HO 3a qeTHHqKH rro-
KpeT )J;pa)l{e MHXaHJIOBHha. 3aje~HHqKO MHWJbelbe y rrOfJIe~y rrpaKTHqHe rroJIHTHqKe ~eJIaTHOCTHH Be3aHOCT3a MOHapxHjy, 6HJIH cy OCHOBHHMOMeHTH KojH cy HX cje~HlbaBaJIH. CHHO~ je O~p)l{aBaO CTaJIHHKOHTaKTca rrOKpeTOM )J;pa)l{e MHXaHJIOBHha H HeKHM lberOBHM
3arrHwe TO y M03ry': 1)eHepan MHxaHnOBHh je rrOMeHYOrrHCMa Koja je rrpHMHO O~ rraTpHjapxa faBpHna H Bna~HKe HHKonaja, HCTHqyhH ~a je "HHKonaj 6HO rrpOTHB KOMYHHCTa': OBe OCK~He H3jaBe, HrraK, He OTKpHBajy 3Haqaj O~Hoca KOjH je HHKOJIaj HMao ca paBHoropU;HMa H IbHXOBHM KOMaH~aHTOM. Je~aH O~ 60pau;a JByO, JOBaH KOHTHh, H3 cp6CKor BojHor noropa
U;HMa, HH He~Hhy. ITocTOje H3BeCHe HH~HU;Hje ~a je CHHO~ H MaTepHjaJIHO
CHHajy, rrHcao je 15. MapTa 1947. rO~HHe Bna~HKH HHKonajy
rrOMarao rrOKpeT )J;pa)l{e MHXaHJIOBHha./ .../ ITo COU;HOJIOWKoj ~e
~HHe 6HO caM rrocne~IbH nYT KO~ cpncKor
pOM je~He 3eMJbe - ~p)l{aBe', Koja MO)l{e HMaTH BHWe 06JIHKa: capa~lba y TOKY ycrroCTaBJbalba oKyrraU;HoHor CHCTeMa, yqewhe y opraHHMa BJIaCTH oKyrraTopa,
rroMoh oKyrraTOpy y paTHOM MaTepHjaJIY, CJIY)l{elbe y lberoBoj
BOjCU;H,rrporrarHpalbe
lberOBe H~eOJIOfHje, HT~. TaKBo ~eJIO,rro ~e
KpHBHqHOr 3aKOHa, Ha3HBa ce 'H3~ajoM Hapo~a'. Me1)YTHM, H3~ajoM Hapo~a HJIH KOJIa60paU;HjoM rrOCJIepaTa Ha3HBaJIO ce onaKO CBaKOHacTojalbe ~a ce
Ha
0 )J;pa)l{HHOM
O~HOCYrrpeMa lbeMY, errHcKorry )KHqKOM, cne~ehe: "KpajeM MapTa 1943. ronpB060pu;a 3a cn060~y )J;pa)l{e
MHxaHnoBHha.
To je 6Hno y CKJIOny nnaHHHe CHlbaBHHe, y QPHOj fOPH, Y
je~Hoj nnaHHHcKoj KonH6H. Cep;eo je OH, )J;parHwa BacHh H ja. HewTo ~OU;HHje, rrOWTOje ca MHOM, HOBO~OWJIHU;OM,3aBpwHo rnaBHH p;eo pa3roBopa, y1)owe rryKoBHHU;H JIanaToBHh, OCTOjHh H jow HeKH, MeHH Hen03HaTH, qnaHOBH llITa6a. CnywTana
ce Hoh. OHaKo TMypHa U calbUBa H HeXOTHqHOHac je rrop;ce-
caqyaa HeorrXO~Ha opraHH3aU;Hja )l{HBOTa H rroce6HO opraHH3aU;Hja )l{HBOTa
haJIa Ha HeH3BeCHYcyp;6HHY MyqeHHqKOr cpncKor Hapo~a. CBH CMOhYTanH.
y QPKBH H lbeHa a~MHHHcTpaU;Hja./ .../ OCHOBHOCTaHOBHWTeCITQ 6HJIOje ~a je paT H3ry6JbeH rrpHBpeMeHO H ~a CBaKa THpaHHja HMa CBoj rrOqeTaK H
J13 3eMYHHu;e, npH 6pery, p;onHpana je neCMa BojHHKa fopCKe rapp;e: ITnaHHHo MajKo Jby6aBH,
Kpaj. Y Me1)yapeMeHY, Tpe6aJIoje CaqYBaTH Hapo~ H QPKBY O~ YHHWTelba H
ITnaHHHo U;BeTey6aBH,
Me1)yc06Hor HCTpe6Jbelba, ~a paT H oKyrraU;Hja rrpo1)y ca IuTO Malbe )l{pTaBa.
Y Te6H )l{HBOT npoBo~e
1941. peKao ~a je paT
CHHOBH Hawe cn060p;e.
ITaTpHjapx faBpHJIO je TOKOMcacJIymalba y fecTarroy H3ry6JbeH, aJIH ~a je 06pa3 CaqyaaH. IheroBo
JIHqHO ~p)l{albe ~OKOM paTa
6HJIO je BpJIO xpa6po H rraTpHoTcKO, Kao H ~p)l{albe MHTpOrrOJIHTa JocH<pa, KOjH ce, HaKO Ha CJI060~H, HaJIa3HO y MHoro Te)l{oj cHTyaU;HjH, HocehH Ha ce6H o~roBopHoCT 3a Cy~6HHY CITQ:'
ITnaHHHo MajKo Jby6aBH, ITnaHHHo U;BeTey6aBH, qYBaj HaM )J;Pa)l{YjYHaKa, Hapop;Hor 60pu;a npBaKa.
A
Ka~a 6yp;e npep; 30PY,
CBH heMo C )J;pa)l{OM y ropy,
Y HMe KpaJba H Bora, )J;aHaM ce BpaTH cn060p;a.
75
74 HeKO o~ npHCYTHHX peqe: 'OBY je neCMY HCneBaO Bna.n;HKaHHKOnaj: l..{Hqa je, KaO H YBeK, Hepa3~BojaH O.n;cBoje nyne, nYUIHO H 3aMHIIIJbeHO hy-
6y.n;y ocn060l)eHH 6e3 HKaKBHX ycnoBa, npo.n;Y:>KHhe,Kao H .n;oca.n;a,CBeTocaBCKHM nYTeM, a BpeMeHoM - OCTane KOM6HHa~Hje. L{e.n;a- l..{HqH!" To 3Ha-
TaO. Haje.n;aHnYT O.n;BOjHnyny O.n;ycaHa H, .n;OKMY je H3 OqHjy H36Hjana .n;y60-
qH .n;acy HHKonajy HeM~H HY~HnH cn060.n;y no~ o.n;pel)eHHM ycnoBHMa, anH
Ka CeTa, H3rOBOpH: 'CaMO .n;aHaM ra nor CaqYBa, .n;anpe:>KHBHoBaj CTpalllHH paT, jep CMOMHoro OCHpOTenH:
OH TO HHje npHXBaTao (ycnoBH cy CBaKaKO no~pa3YMeBanH H3BeCTaH BH.n;
OH, L{pa:>KaMHxaHnOBHh, He peqe HH.n;a CTe, HHTH.n;a HHCTe BH HanHcanH roplbY neCMY, KOjy caM BepOBaTHO HeBepHO penpo.n;YKOBao, jep caM
Kona60pa~Hje).
A 3. jaHyapa 1943.l)eHepan
L{pa:>KanpeKo Kana6HheBor
je .n;O~HHje 3a6ene:>KHO,anH H3 .n;y6HHe cBoje nneMeHHTe H BHTelliKe .n;Yllle
npHjaTeJba, H nopyqyje:
ynYTH MonHTBY nory '.n;aBac CaqYBa jep CMOMHoro oCHpoTenH'. Y Jby.n;HMa, pa3YMe ce:'
TpajaTH nO:>KjoMnOMohH:' l..{eTHH~H cy nnaHHpanH ocn06al)albe
Vi 3aHCTa, o.n;caMHX nOqeTaKa paTa O.n;HOCl)eHepana MHxaHnoBHha
H
KY-
pHpa n03.n;paBJbaHHKonaja, 06aBeiliTaBa ra 0 TOMe.n;aViTanHjaHH H .n;aJbe.n;p:>Key ponCTBY Bna.n;HKY.n;anMaTHHCKorVipHHeja (1)opl)eBHha), HHKonajeBor "L{P:>KHMOTaqHO CBOj nYT H Ha TOM nYTY heMo HC-
faBpHna H CB. HHKonaja CpncKor
naTpHjapxa
H3 BojnoBH~e H 1943. ro.n;HHe. OBH cy Ha
TO 6HnH npHCTanH, anH o.n;nnaHa, 360r HeMaqKHX Mepa qYBalba 3aTOqeHHKa,
Bna.n;HKeHHKonaja 6HO je CHHOBCKO-OqHHCKH.HHKonaj je ycneBao .n;anOllla-
HHje 6Hno HHIliTa.
JbenOHeKY nopYKY L{Pa:>KH,a L{pa:>Kaje nOKYIIIaBao .n;ara ocn060.n;H HeMaqKOr poncTBa H cTapao ce .n;anocnYIIIa caBeTe 3aTOqeHOr :>KHqKOrenHCKona.
TeKCT ,,0 jYHalllTBY". Y
Vi3 Jhy60cTHlbe,
a y TOKY onca.n;e KpaJbeBa, HHKonaj je 1941. MonHO
L{pa:>Ky.n;aHapo.n;He H3na:>KeCypOBHM Ha~HCTHqKHM penpecanHjaMa.
llHcao
Jyna 1944, y qeTHHqKOM nHcTY "IIIYMa.n;Hja", nojaBHo nocnao 6narocnoB
ce HHKonajeB
L{pa:>KH,"BenHKOM BOjBO.n;HH jYHaKY HallleM': YKa3yjyhH
MY je .n;aHaM 3eMJba Hehe KOpHCTHTH aKO ce HCTpe6H Hapo.n;. Yn030pHO je
.n;aje 3eMaJbCKaCp6Hja ManeHa, a He6ecKa CBeBeha H Beha, .n;acy jaqH MPTBH o.n;:>KHBHX,~a ce BO.n;HBenHKa 6HTKa XpHcTa npoTHB aHTHxpHcTa. Yn030pa-
L{pa:>KY.n;ace qYBa OCTpalllheHor napTHjalliTBa
Bao ra je ~a H.n;eCBeTHM nYTeM, .n;ace nor He ncyje, .n;a6y.n;e"CBeTa BojcKa"
H .n;aMY Y30P 6y.n;e"naTpHOT-
CKa nOCHa': y KOjOj cy ce Cp6H, Kao je.n;aH, oKynHnH OKO3aje.n;HHqKe60p6e
H "CBeTH nYT':
npOTHB YCTalllKHX HCTpe6HTeJba. Ty je HHKonaj L{pa:>KHYKa3ao H Ha CTpaTerHjy: "Yje.n;HHHMO OBO Mano CBe:>KHXHapo.n;HHX CHara, He.n;a ce C HeKHM
OHanHe CHare no.n; BOI)CTBOML{pa:>KHHHXo
.n;aneKOjaqHM o.n;ce6e 60pHMO ca.n;a,Hero caMO .n;aOqYBaMOIIITO BHllle p06Jba cpnCKor y :>KHBOTY.n;o60JbHX .n;aHaH 3a 60Jbe .n;aHe:'KaKO Ka:>KeCBelllTeHHK
l)eHepan L{pa:>KaKa:>Ke:"AKO H3ByqeTe naTpHjapxa (faBpHna L{o:>KHha)H enH-
BenH60p I,IOMHh y CBOMTeKCTY"llpHn03H
3a 6Horpa
CKona HHKonaja (BenHMHpOBHha), Mory HaM MHoro KOpHCTHTH, anH na3H-
Konaja y L{pyrOM CBeTCKOMpaTY": "KOMYHHCTH cy OBOnHCMOBna.n;HKeHHKO-
Te .n;ace OHH HHr.n;eHe nojaBJbyjy r.n;e6H ce Morna TYMaqHTH Ma H HajMalba
1)eHepan MHxaHnoBHh
je 0.n;06pHo.n;a ce y CnoBeHHjH 06je.n;HHe Ha~H-
HHKonaj. Y je.n;HoMnHcMY ynyheHoM 06je.n;HlbeHHM Ha~HoHanHHM cHaraMa,
naja nocne paTa TYMaqHnH Kao Bna.n;HKHHn03HB npOTHB 60p6e CHeM~HMa,
KOpHCT 3a HeMaqKY. OHH Mopajy cBoje HMe CaqYBaTH nOTnYHO CBeTno 3a
npeHe6peraBajyhH
6y.n;yhHOCT.AKO CTHrHY .n;oBac, n03.n;paBHTe HX H MonHTe 6narocnOB:'
qHlbeHH~y .n;acy OHH 3arOBapHnH Hana.n;Ha KpaJbeBO, a
3aTHM y 60p6H H3.n;anHqeTHHKe H y6HjalbeM KaneTaHa JOBaHaL{epoKa 3anoqenH rpal)aHcKH paT y Cp6HjH:' llo
CBelllTeHHKY I,IOMHhy, pa3n03H npeMelliTalba
H3 Jhy60cTHlbe yqelllhe
Bna.n;HKe HHKonaja
cy BHllleCTpYKH: KOHTaKT HHKonajeB ca ".n;pa:>KHHOB~HMa':
cp6CKor CBelllTeHCTBa y TpynaMa l)eHepana MHxaHnOBHha,
Kao H
MoryhHOCT .n;aTpyne JByO yna.n;HY y Jhy60CTHlbY H ocn060.n;e HHKonaja,
HHKonaj je CBHM cp~eM 6HO Ha CTpaHH JyrocnoBeHCKe BojcKe y OTaJ,I6HHH - Kao MOHapXHCTa,nerHTHMHCTa H po.n;OJby6,H Kao nOIliTOBana~ nHqHHX BpnHHa l)eHepana MHxaHnOBHha. OH je H y eMHrpa~HjH HaCTaBHO.n;ace 60pH 3a HCTHHY 0 1)eHepany H lberoBoj
60p6H. llpHnHKOM CBor cycpeTa ca
aHrnHKaHCKHM 6HcKynoM I,IOpJ,IOMnenoM, 16. HOBeM6pa 1945, HHKonaj ra
IIITO 6H .n;oBeno .n;oIIIHper aHTHHeMaqKOr Hapo.n;Hor nOKpeTa. CaM HHKonaj
je 06aBecTHo 0 CBOMcTaBY npeMa MHxaHnoBHhy H KOMYHHcTHMa: "llHTao caM ra 3a MHxaHnoBHha -.n;a nH caM 6HO y npaBY Ka.n;caM ra nOXBanHO 1941.
je MonHO .n;ara He ocn06al)ajy, jep 6H TO Y3pOKOBano HeMaqKY 0.n;Ma3.n;yHa.n; ceCTpHHCTBOMJhy60cTHlbe H Hapo.n;oM TpCTeHHKa H OKonHHe.
(OH je 3Hao 3a TY Mojy 6ece.n;y)? L{a, peKao MH je OH, HeMa HHqer IIITO 6H ce Morno 0.n;6a~HTH: XBanHTe ra H ca.n;a,C npaBoM - OHje .n;06ap qOBeK, n060-
L{pa:>Kaje Beh 20 . .n;e~eM6pa 1942. ro.n;HHe,o.n;cTpaHe KOMaH.n;aHTaCp6Hje, l)eHepana MHpocnaBa TpHKH:"OHH KOjH cy yxanllleHH 6e3 KpHBH~e, aKO
:>KaHqOBeK - OH :>KenHYCTaBHYMOHapxHjy. AnH, THTO (3a Kora ce l..{epqHn y rOBopy 1944. XBanHcao.n;a je lberOBO oTKpHhe) je caTaHHCTHqKH qOBeK, Kao H JIeIbHH. CTaJbHH je jOIll ropH: lberOB pe:>KHMje Y:>KaCaH.JyrocnaBHja je ca.n;a,nonYT YKpajHHe, .n;eoCOBjeTcKe .n;p:>KaBe - a OBH 60JbllleBH~H nocTynajy
77
76 npeMa xpHwhaHHMa HCTOKaO WTO Cy OHH60lblIIeBHqH npeMa xpHlIIhaHHMa y PyCHjH:'
1917-18. nocTynaJIH
Ben 1946. HHKOJIaj je HanHcao ,n;eceTepaqKYnecMY "Apa)l{~1H,n;yx rOBOpH': Y KOjOj ce Apa)l{a H3 He6eCKe Cp6Hje 06pana Cp6HMa, OKpY)I{eH Hapo,n;HHM 60pqHMa - IlaBJIoM EaKHneM, JaKlIIHnHMa, xaI,IH Ilpo,n;aHoM, ~aKOHOM ABaKYMOM, Kap~op~eM,
AJIeKCOM HeHa,n;OBHneM, J1JIHjOM EHpqaHHHOM,
je Apa)l{a 6HO qOBeK ,n;ocTojaH no,n;pa)l{aBalba ynpaBo jep je 6HO npaBH CHH CBeTocaBCKe MajKe UpKBe. KOMYHHCTHcy ~eHepaJIa MHXaHJIOBHna npOrnaCHJIH H3,n;ajHHKoMH CJIYrOM HaqH3Ma, Kao H CBeTor HHKOJIaja Cp6CKor. OHH KOjH, nonYT JOBaHa Bajepop,n;a,HaCTaBlbajy KOMYHHCTHqKYnpHqy Me~y Cp6HMa, Tpe6a,n;a 3Hajy Aa HM no,n;yxBaT Hene ycneTH.
3eKOM EYlby6alIIoM H Xaj,n;YK BelbKOM, 3MajeM o,n;Honaja H JOBaHOMKypcyJIOM,MHJIOllieM 06peHOBHneM H KHerHlbOM Jby6HqOM, jYHaqHMa ca KYMa-
BJIap;HKa HHKOJIaj H JbOTHD
HOBa H KajMaKqaJIaHa. Apa)l{a HajaBlbyje,n;a ne Cp6Hja 6HTH YCKOPOCJI060,n;Ha, a lberOB rp06 OTKpHBeH. HHKOJIaj je ,n;p)l{ao H Be3Y ca oCTaqHMa BOjCKH~eHepaJIa MHXaHJIOBHna.
o Be3aMa BJIa,n;HKeHHKOJIaja H JboTHna
KOMYHHCTHcy nHCaJIH MHoro,
qYBeHH KOMaH,n;aHTqeTHHKa ca HCTOKaCp6Hje, CHHHlIIa OqoKolbHn-Ila3a-
H 3Ha ce KaKO. Kao lIITO CMOBen nOMeHYJIH, Ha lbkx ce Ha,n;oBe3ao MHpKO
paq, KOjHje y J1TaJIHjH nOKYlIIaBao,n;a opraHH3yje 60p6y npOTHB KOMYHHCTa,
'l)op~eBHn KOjH je ,n;olIIao ,n;oTJIe,n;aTBp,n;HKaKO MY je, nOCJIeJboTHneBe CMpTH, HHKOJIaj cneBao aKaTHCT ("XHMHY y TOHYaKaTHCTa': "Peny6JIHKa': 1-30.
nHcao je BJIa,n;HKHMOJIenH ra 3a nOMon (HMao je HJIeraJIHY pa,n;HO-CTaHHqy "CYBo60p" npeKO Koje je eMH'FOBaOnporpaM ca HTaJIHjaHcKo-jyroCJIOBeHCKe
9. 2006). Aa je BJIa,n;HKaHHKOJIaj npe Apyror
CBeTCKor paTa qeHHo JboTHna
rpaHHqe, CBe ,n;OKra YAEA HHje KH,n;HanOBaJIaH y6HJIa). J13 nHcaMa Koje je
Kao n060)l{HOr H MOpaJIHOr qOBeKa, y TO HeMa CYMlbe; ,n;acy HeKH o,n;HHKO-
Ila3apaq
JIajeBHx 6JIHCKHXcapa,n;HHKa npHlIIJIH JboTHneBOM ,,360py" npe paTa - HH Y TO HeMa CYMlbe (npOTa AJIeKCa TO,n;opOBHn,AHMHTpHje Haj,n;aHOBHn...). Aa
ynYTHO HHKOJIajy BH,n;Hce ,n;ara je HHKOJIaj CMHpHBao H rOBopHO
MY ,n;ane ce TelliKO lIITa nOCTHnH. Ila3apaq
je, y nHCMY o,n;25. anpHJIa 1953,
peKao ,n;aje CBeCTaH ropKe HCTHHe ,n;a"AMepHKaHqH
no,n;p)l{aBajy THTa H
KOMYHHcTe': aJIH Tpe6a ce 60pHTH H lIIHPHTH rnaCOBe ,n;aAMepHKaHqH no,n;p)l{aBajy HaqHoHaJIHe 60pqe. Y CBOM,n;eJIY,,3eMlba He,n;o~Hja" HHKOJIaj je ,n;aoHCTOpHOCOepCKH OCBpT Ha qeTHHqKY 60p6y npoTHB HaqHcTa. fJIaBHH jYHaK ,n;eJIaje Cnaco CnacoBHn, KojH ce Halliao y HeMaqKOM JIoropy H Kora HaqHcTH Myqe. OH qeTHHqKY
je HHKOJIaj 1940. ro,n;HHe, Ka,n;je BJIa,n;aUBeTKoBHn-MaqeK YCTao y 0,n;6paHY CBor yxanlIIeHor
rOHHJIa ,,360p':
capa,n;HHKa,,n;oKTopa epHJIOcoepHjeAHMH-
TpHja Haj,n;aHoBHna, H TO ce 3Ha. AJIH,,n;a je y ,n;06a nyqa o,n;27. MapTa 1941. BJIa,n;HKaHHKOJIaj 6HO Ha cTpaHH nyqHcTa, a JboTHn 3aTO ,n;ace HeMaqKa He H3a3HBa, H ,n;ace JyroCJIaBHja He YKlbyqyje y paT - H TO ce 3Ha. 3Ha ce H
60p6y TYMaqH Kao 6op6y 3a Cp6CKY CJI060,n;y,a npoTHB KpBO)l{e,n;HeYTOnHje
,n;aje 3a BpeMe paTa HHKOJIaj CBe BpeMe 6HO y Be3H ca ~eHepaJIOM MHxaHJIOBHneM, Kao MHHHCTpOM BojcKe KpalbeBHHe JyroCJIaBHje, a ,n;aje Be3e ca
"Tpener Pajxa': Ta je 60p6a y CKJIa,n;yca Cp6CKOMHCTopHjOM H npe,n;albeM.
JboTHneM npeKHHYO. 3Ha ce,n;a je rOBopHO Ha caxpaHH AHMHTpHja JbOTH-
fOBopenH 0 ~eHepaJIY MHXaHJIOBHny 18. jYJIa 1954, y xpaMY XpHcToBor BacKpcelba y qHKary, CBeTH HHKOJIaj je peKao: "IloKojHH
na 1945. y fOpHqH Y CJIOBeHHjH, 06pa,n;oBaH JboTHneBoM cnpeMHolliny
,n;a
Apa)l{a MHXaHJIO-
ce CTaBH no,n;Apa)l{HHY KOMaH,n;yy 6op6H 3a nOBpaTaK Kpalba IleTpa II Ha
BHn nOKa3ao je HajBeny lby6aB ,n;OCTynHYCHHOBHMaqOBeqHjHM, THMe lIITO
npecTo H cnacaBalbe cp6cKor Hapo,n;ao,n;KOMYHH3Ma.3Ha ce H TO ,n;aje ~eHe-
je nOJIO)l{HO)l{HBOT CBOj 3a Hapo,n; CBOj. Jby6aB Koja npeMallia
H TY lby6aB,
paJIa MHXaHJIOBHna H He,n;Hna, Kao H JboTHna, CMaTpao lby,n;HMa KOjH cy ce
HHje 3a qOBeKa, Hero 3a Eora. ( ..•) Apa)l{a je 6HO Hapo,n;HHqOBeK. ( ...) Apa)l{a
60pHJIH 3a Cp6CTBO - MHXaHJIOBHn Kao Tpa,n;HqHoHaJIHH YCTaHHK y ,n;yxy
je 6HO ,n;y60KOn060)l{aH qOBeK, MOJIHOce Eory ,n;aHH Hon, npHqelIInHBao
H ,n;p)l{aoKPCHYCJIaBY.( ...) Apa)l{a je 6HO y 3aKOHHTOM6paKY CBeHqaHOM )l{e-
Kapa~op~a, a He,n;Hn H JboTHn Kao TpnHoqH y HMe Hapo,n;a, y ,n;yxy KHe3a MHJIOllia. Capa,n;lbY C n060)l{HHM H qeCTHTHM eMHrpaHTHMa, cBojeBpeMeHO
HOM. ( ...) Apa)l{a je qHHHO CBaYCHlba,n;ayje,n;HHHH CJIO)l{HcpnCKH Hapo,n;.(...) Apa)l{a MHXaHJIOBHn je 6HO JIereH,n;apHaJIHqHOCTtf 3a BpeMe CBora )l{HBOTa;
y H3,n;aBalbY6H6JIHOTeKe "CBeqaHHK"
ce
HO lberOBa MyqeHHqKa CMpT CTBOpHJIaje OKOlberOBor HMeHa opeOJI CBeTor paTHHKa. C BpeMeHOM ne Taj opeOJI 6HTH CBec:aeTJIHjH, a HMe Apa)l{HHO CBe CJIaBHHje. A KojH ce 30BY APa)l{HHH, HeKa no,n;pa)l{aBajy Apa)l{Y:' CBeTH HHKOJIaj Cp6CKH je npeKopeBao OHe KOjH cy ce KJIeJIHY Apa)l{y, a )l{HBeJIH HeMOpaJIHO,Hen060)l{HO H lIIHpHJIH HeCJIory Me~y Cp6HMa. 3a lbera
npHna,n;HHqHMa ,,36opa':
HaCTaBHOje HHKOJIaj H nOCJIe paTa - ,n;eCHapYKa 6HO MY je CJIaBHHH ,n;OCTojHHnpOTa
AJIeKCa TO,n;opOBHn. AJIH,,n;a nOHOBHMO:HHKOJIaj je 6HO, npe CBera, qOBeK xpHlIInaHHH, lIIHpOKHX BH,n;HKa,H He MO)l{e ce CBeCTHHH Ha je,n;HYnOJIHTHqKY JIHqHOCT,na HH Ha JboTHna. lheMY je, Kao Hapo,n;HHqOBeK H 60paq 3a CJI060,n;y,3a BpeMe Apyror
CBeTCKor paTa Haj6JIH)I{H 6HO ~eHepaJI Apa)l{a.
78
79
A
IIITO ce Jbondi.a
THqe, lberOB norneA Ha CBeT 3aXTeBa 036HJbHHje H3-
}"IaBalbe HO IIITO CMOra AO caAa HManH. Y HaIIIeM KOHTeKcTY,nOMeHyheMo
cnaBHa UpKBa H pHMoKaTonHQH3aM caMO ABe npojaBe jeAHe HCTe Bepe. 3aTo HHje HHMano cn}"lajHo IIITO JbOTHh cBOjOj cynpY3H HHje A03BOJbaBaO
caMO OHO no qeMY ce JboTHheBO CXBaTalbe pa3Hna3Hno C HHKonajeBHM Y jeAHoM CYIIITHHCKOMacneKTY, KojH 6HCMOHa3BanH nOnHTHqKO-MHCTHqKHM.
Aa npe1)e Y npaBOCnaBJbe (oHa je TO, no CBOjoj )l(eJbH, }"IHHHna TeK nocne
Jep, 3a pa3nHKY OAJboTHha, "HHTerpanHor
BHjy CMaTpao "npKOCOM Eory H CBeTOM CaBH': TaKo1)e, HHKonaj je 6HO H3-
MHCTHqKHM BH3HjaMa Koje ce 36HBajy Me1)y pHMOKaTonHQHMa (AOBOJbHOje BHAeTHlberOBO KJb}"lHO 60rocnOBCKO npeAaBalbe, "CBeTno HCTHHe': na Aa
pa3HTO aHTHpHMOKaTOnHqKH pacnOnO)l(eH, H HHje QeHHOAYXOBHOCTPHMa; KOA JboTHha je 6Hno 06paTHO.
jaBJbalba H3 BHIIIlber CBeTa Koja je HMao CBeTH Cepa
JyrocnoBeHa': HHKonaj je Jyrocna-
):(a nOKYIIIaMO Aa Ka)I(eMO HeKonHKO peqH 0 JboTHheBoj AYXOBHOCTH.
lberOBe CMpTH), HHTH je qYAHO IIITO OH npaBocnaBHa qYAa H3jeAHaqaBa ca
ce y TO YBepHMO: jaBJbalbe focne y ct>aTHMHH JIYPAY 3a lbera je HCTOKao H HCTOM npeAaBalbY, 0Ap)l(aHOM A06pOBOJbaqKHM npOCBeTapHMa npeA caMY JboTHheBY CMpT 1945, OH Ka)l(e Aa je rnaBHH H3BOp cYK06a H3Me1)y qeTHHKa H Ao6pOBOJbaQa 6HO Y TOMe IIITO je KOA npBHX BHIIIe HarnaIIIeHa nonHTHKa,
* * * JIHK ):(HMHTpHja JboTHha KOA Hac, HaKO CTpaCTBeHO6palbeH H MHoro OCTpaIIIheHHje HanaAaH, JOIII YBeK HHje AOBOJbHOOCBeTJbeH.aBa, HeCYMlbHBO 3HaqajHa
a KOAApyrHX AYXOBHOCT.JyrocnoBeHCTBO je, 3a lbera, 6Hno BHIIIe MHCTHqKO HO nOnHTHqKO CTpeMJbelbe HapOAHHX AYIIIa Cp6a, XpBaTa, CnOBeHaQa H Eyrapa (H 3aTO He MO)l(e 6HTH npaBe JyrocnaBHje AOK joj ce He npHAPY)I(H EyrapcKa).
paTa, TeK qeKa 036HJbHHjH npHcTyn H aHanH3Y CBor Aena. Ha CTpaHY Tpe6a
4. qOBeK Ka XpHCTY cTpeMH nOABH3aBalbeM, TOjecT "HaA30pOM HaA cp-
OCTaBHTHnpHqy 0 JbOTHhy Kao XHTnepOBQY. aHa je HAeonOIIIKH nOBpIIIHa.
QeM" (JboTHheB H3pa3), HHAHBHAyanHoM 60p60M 3a OqHIIIhelbe 0A rpexa H
AnH, JbOTHh Mopa 6HTH 06jaIIIlbeH H3 pa3nHqHTHX yrnoBa H ca pa3HHX cTaj-
CTpaCTH. OBO npeHarnaIIIaBalbe
HHX TaqaKa Aa 6H ce 0 lbeMY H lberOBOM Aeny cyp;Hno Tpe3BeHO. qHHH HaM
6HHa 3anaAHor npHcTyna CBeTOCTH(npH qeMY, HapaBHO, MHcnHMO Ha CTapH, Hepe<popMHcaHH pHMOKaTonHQH3aM, npe ):(Pyror BaTHKaHCKor KOHQHna).
ce Aa HMa HeKonHKO qHlbeHHQa Ha Koje 6H Tpe6ano 06paTHTH na)l(lbY:
1. JbOTHh ce <popMHpao nOA CHa)l(HHM YTHQajeM MopanHCTHqKOr XPHIIIhaHCTBa JIaBa ToncToja, Koje je OCTaBHno TpajaH neqaT Ha lberoBoj
MHcnH
60p6e nojeAHHQa 3a qHCTOTYTaKo1)eje OCO-
3aTO KOA JboTHha BeOMa npHCYCTByje MonHTBa, nOCT H caMocaBnaAaBalbe, anH llpHqeIIIhe,
Kao CMHcao xpHIIIhaHCKor
)l(HBOTa, ynaAJbHBO OACYCTByje
H Aeny. JbOTHh je KacHHje OA6aQHOToncTojeB paQHOHanH3aM KaA je Y nHTa-
(TO He 3HaqH Aa je JbOTHh H36eraBao llpHqeIIIhe
lbY xpHIIIhaHCKa AorMaTHKa, anH je 3aYBeK 6HO 06Y3eT (Kao H nHcaQ H3 JaCHe
nopyqHBao llpHqeIIIhe
llOJbaHe) KnaCHqHO PYCKHM (H cnOBeHCKHM) nHTalbeM: "liTa peIIIaBajyhH ra MopanHCTHqKH.
Aa ce paAH?':
nHjeTH3Ma H MHCTHKe (llacKan,
CBOjHM cneA6eHHQHMa. Hero Aa je 3a lbera, nOCBeMY CYAehH, 6Hno HarpaAa 3a HHAHBHAyanHY BpnHHY, a He CBeQenOCHO}"Ie-
IIIhe Y nYHOTH nHTypmjcKor,
2. JboTHh ce ToncToja ocn06a1)a npeKo palha CaneIIIKH, HTA). YonIIITe, lberOB no-
rneA Ha CBeTH Ha xpHIIIhaHCTBO npO)l(eT je pHMoKaTOnHqKHM AYXOM CH
HnH HCTOH36eraBalbe npe-
ca60pHor
cnacaBalba qOBeKa y UpKBH). Taj
nYT, Y aCKeTCKOMcMHcny (jep npaBocnaBHa aCKe3aje HaAacBe ca60pHo-nHTypmjcKa,
a He HHAHBHAyanHo-nHjeTHCTHqKa),
MO)l(e Aa BOAH y npeneCT.
Y npeneCT je oBaj nYT YBeo pHMOKaTOnHqKe MHCTHKe, Me1)y KojHMa je 6HO
,,0 yrneAalbY
CnOJbaIIIlbe AHCQHnnHHe, Koja OA qyna BOAH Ka pa3YMY, nOTnYHo npeAaToM
H TOMa KeMnHjcKH, OMHJbeHHJboTHheB nHcaQ. Jep, Aeno
y nocnYIIIHocT aYTopHTeTY 3eMaJbCKHXBepcKHX YCTaHoBa. OpraHH30Balbe ,,360pa" H KacHHje Cp6CKHXA06pOBOJbaQa Kao "militia Christi': HAeja Bo1)e-
XpHCTa" je, KaKOje HcnpaBHO YOqHOCBeTH J1fHaTHje (EpjaHqaHHHOB), HeKa
lba nonHTHKe Kao MHCTHqKOr }"IHTeJbCTBa, cTpora nocnYIIIHocT
<paMHnHjapHocT caMo~6MaHe. qOBeK Bepyje Aa ce CXpHCTOM cjeAHHHo, Aa je
BOpHO cneA6eHHIIITBo jeAHor BHTeIIIKor peAa 3anaAHor nma
H 6ecnoro-
- eBe TO HMa
Ha
BpCTa KOKeTHpalba CEorOM, YMHIIIJbalba 6nH3HHe EO)l(je, Koja BOAHy qynHY KOHaqHO 6na)l(eH, a, y CTBapH, CTeKao je caMO HeKY BPCTYAYIIIeBHO-TeneCHe
Be3e ca pHMOKaTOnHqKOM TpaAHQHjoM (npH qeMY HHnOIIITO He Tpe6a 3a60-
paBHOTe)l(e. Y TaKBOM CTalbY, HeKOM ce MO)l(e }"IHtlHTH Aa je KaAap Aa caM
paBHTH je3ynTe, qHjH je OCHHBaq,J1fHaQHo JIojona, 6HBlllH paTHHK, CMaTpao Aa je BojHHqKa AHcQHnnHHa Y penHm03HoM )l(HBOTY He3ao6Hna3Ha).
BepCKO-MopanHO caBpIIIeHCTBO, na rneAa Eora nHQeM y nHQe (HH y HajY3BH-
3. JboTHheBo jyrocnoBeHcTBo, Koje je 6Hno HajMcKpeHHje (aa pa3nHKY 0A nOnHTHqKH nparMaTHqHOr jyrocnoBeHcTaBa MHorHX Cp6CKHX nOnHTH-
HeonxoAHOCTH cBelllTeHHKa KOjH HaM npeAajy 6naroAaT XpHCTOBY y CBeTHM
qapa), HMano je CBOjy MHCTHqKY OCHOBYY qBPCTOMYBepelbY Aa ey frpaBo-
TajHaMa; llpHqeIIIhe
onIIITH C EorOM, 6e3 "nocpeAHHKa"
(peQHMO, CBeIIITeHHKa), jep je AOCTHrao
IIIeHHjHM TpeHYQHMa 60roBH1)elba npaBocnaBHH CBeTH ce HHCY OApHQanH je H 3a HajBehe MHCTHqape, nonYT CBeTor CHMeOHa
81
80 HOBor EorocnoBa,
oCTajano xne6 )l(HBOTa 6e3 KOra ce He MO)l(e, a KOjH HaM
rrpe.n;ajy CBellITeHH'IKe PYKe).
eBporrCKOM rropeTKY" HaQHOHanHHX .n;p)l(aBaMO)l(p;a6HTH MeCTa H 3a Cp6e. CnH'IHHM rrYTeM rrOlllnH cy H MHorH ,,6enH" PYCH, KOjH cy BepoBanH p;a he
J-13CBera OB.n;epe'leHOr rrpOH3Hna3HO je O.n;HOC lbOTHheBHX rrpHCTanH-
CTalbHHoBa COBjeTHja rraCTH rrop; y.n;apHMa XHTnepoBHM, H p;a he ce Tap;a
Qa rrpeMa OCTanHM yqecHHQHMa Halller HecpehHor rpal)aHcKor paTa. lbOTH-
06HOBHTH cTapa PycHja. TInalllHo ce lbOTHh HOBeEBporre, rro.n;elbeHe H3Me-
heBH 60PQH cy BepOBanH .n;acy cne.n;6eHHQHje.n;Hor Y'IHTelba, KOjH je 3Hao
l)y 6e3.n;yrnHor KarrHTanH3Ma H THpaHcKor cOQHjanH3Ma. lheroBo ocnalbalbe Ha HeMQe, Koje HHje 6Hno rroTrrYHo rroHcToBehelbe C lbHMa, p;enHMH'IHO je
rrpaBH TIYT; OCTanH cy 6HnH Y 3a6ny.n;H, H TO HM je Tpe6ano rrOKa3aTH H .n;OKa3aTH,HeKa.n;H CHnOM.lbOTHh je 6HO '10BeK HeCYMlbHBor nH'IHOr rrOlllTe-
CnH'IHO MopacoBoM
cTaBY y BHlllHjeBcKoj
paHQycKoj. To jecT, ocno6o.n;H-
lba, CHa)l(He BH3Hje H '1eCTOrrpeQH3aH Y rrpe.n;BHl)albY pa3Boja rrOnHTH'IKHX
TH ce KOMYHHcTa, a HeMQH he BepoBaTHo caMH OTHhH, H Tap;a he orreT 6HTH
.n;oral)aja. EHO je o.n;aHKpalbY H OTaI,l6HHH, H CMaTpao je .n;acaB CBoj )l(HBOT
Moryhe rpa.n;HTH HaQHoHanHY p;p)l(aBY·
Tpe6a rrOCBeTHTHcnY)I(elbY H.n;eany.To je BeOMa CHa)l(HOYTHQano Ha Mna.n;e .n;06poBolbQe .n;ara rrpHMe Kao "rrpopoKa':
AHMHTpHje 1hOTHh ce Hacnalbao H
Ap MapKo C. MapKoBHh,
Halll '1YBeHH eMHrpaHTcKH rrHcaQ, y je.n;HoM
orne.n;y H3 1953. rroKYlllao je.n;a op;rOHeTHe TajHY rrpHBna'lHOCTH lboTHheBor
Ha MHcao OCHHBa'la ,,paHQycKeaKQHje" llIapna Mopaca. Mopac je 6HO rra-
CTBapanalllTBa, H OTKpHO je (c rrYHHM rrpaBoM, lllTO ce BH.n;HH3 rrocTyrrKa
raHHH, KOjH HHje MHoro Boneo xpHlllhaHcTBo,
cMaTpajyhH ra BepoM Koja je
.n;oKa3HBalba) p;a je lbOTHh 6HO Hap;axHYT 6ece.n;HHKH KlbH)I(eBHO o6p;apeH
pa3pYlllHna lbeMY .n;pary PHMCKYHMrrepHjy. Mel)YTHM, 3a pHMoKaTonHQH3aM
rrHcaQ. MapKoBHh Yo'laBa p;a je OCHHBa'l ,,36opa" y ce6H rrpHryrnHo KlbH)l(eBHH TaneHaT .n;a6H OHHMa KOjH rrol)y 3a lbHM Morao .n;acaorrlllTH HelllTO
je HMao rrYHo rrOlllTOBalba yrrpaBo 3aTO lllTO cY pHMoKaTonHQH rrpeY3enH MHoro o.n;aHTH'IKOr rraraHCTBa, H 3aTOlllTO je BaTHKaH rrOCTaoCHa)I(HHrronHTH'IKH H KymypHH
'1HHHnaQ y HCTOpHjH EBporre. Mopac je 6HO MOHapxHcTa
H TBopaQ H.n;eje "HHTerpanHor
HaQHoHanH3Ma': TaKO .n;pare lbOTHhy. Bol)
,,paHQycKe aKQHje" je rOBopHo: "J1HTerpanHH
HaQHOHanH3aM He 3Ha'iH
BHllle H 3Ha'lajHHje Hero lllTO 6H TO KlbH)I(eBHO p;eno Momo. OH CMaTpa .n;ace y TOMe, MO)l(.n;a,ornep;a H TajHa lbOTHheBe nH'IHOCTH - jep OH je rrOnHTH'Iap 6HO caMO 360r )l(elbe p;a rrocnY)l(H 6nH)I(lbHMa TaMO rp;e je MHcnHO .n;aje TO HajrroTpe6HHje. J13Tora cy rrpOH3Hna3HnH H CBHHecrropa3YMH H CBacypOBa
HaQHOHanHMrrepHjanH3aM HHTH pa3Y3.n;aHHHaQHOHanH3aM. On o6ene)l(aBa
ocrropaBalba
je.n;HYBPCTYHaQHoHanH3Ma, KOjH rrpeKo KpalbeBcTBa o.n;roBapa a.n;MHHHcTpa-
rrapTHjcKH rrOnHTH'IapH HHCYMornH (HnH HHCYXTenH) p;a BH.n;e:"KOCMH'IKY
THBHHM, cOQHjanHHM, rrpaBHHM H rrOnHTH'IKHM rroTpe6aMa Hapo.n;a. (: ..) TaKaB HaQHoHanH3aM Bpno je pa3nH'IHT H o.n;<palllH3Ma H o.n;HaQH3Ma. TaKaB
peBonYQHjy" Koja he H3MeHHTH nHQe rrnaHeTe, H CKOPy rrporracT xpHlllhaHCKeQHBHnH3aQHje, '1HjH je 3aTO'lHHK CMep;epeBCKHap;BOKaT6HO. HapO'lHTO
HaQHoHanH3aM HHje HH eTaTHCTH'IKH HH rrapTHKynapHcTH'IKH
je 3Ha'lajHo OHOlllTO je MapKOBHh OTKpHO 0 lbOTHheBOM YTHQajy Ha OMna-
CHCTeM.J1H-
lbOTHheBe MHcnH H p;ena. OCHHBa'l ,,36opa" je BH.n;eoOHOlllTO
TerpanHH HaQHoHanH3aM CMaTpa .n;aje MOHapxHja Heorrxo.n;Ha Hapo.n;Y:' "MH
.n;HHY,KOjOj HHKa.n;HHje naCKao, anH Koja je 3a lbHM Hlllna O'iapaHa Hp;eanOM
CMO3a Kpalba, jep ce cy.n;6HHa Ha rnacalbe He CTaBlba': rrHcahe, o.n;nyqaH Kao
"CYH'IaHHX lbYP;H". Taj H.n;eanHM je rrpep;ce.n;HHK,,36opa" rroHy.n;HOy MHorHM
H YBeK, lbOTHh 1944, Y0'lH THToBor .n;onaCKaHa BnaCT.
CBojHM 6ece.n;aMa, o.n;KOjHX je Hajrro3HaTHja "OMnap;HHH Ha CTpa)l(HnOBY".
Ha lboTHha cy 3Ha'lajaH YTHQaj H3BplllHnH H ,,6enH" PyCH, MOHapxHcTH
MapKOBHh 3arra)l(a:
"A
Mnap;OCTrnep;a H cnYllla. Heo6H'IaH joj H3mep;a oBaj
KOjH cy y KpalbeBHHY JyrocnaBHjy H36ernH rrpe.n;KpBaBHM TepopoM 6olbllle-
'10BeK KOjH TaKO rOBopH. Jep je OHa HaBHKna Ha 6ecTHp;HYl1 QHHH'IHY p;eMa-
BHKa. O.n;lbHX je .n;o6Hjao rro.n;aTKe0 He'lYBeHoM rrporoHY U:pKBe H 3nO'lHHH-
rOrHjy rrapTHjcKHx rrOnHTH'Iapa, '1yna 3a y6Hna'lKe rrnaHOBe YCTallla, rro3Haje
Ma Ha.n;rrpaBocnaBHHM Hapo.n;oM, KOjH cy MY, Kao H CBaKOM3.n;paBOYMHOM
KnacHY Mp)l(lbY KOMYHHcTa. ( ...) Ko xohe.n;a oTKpHje rrpaBe H3Bope OHora
'10BeKY, ne.n;HnHKPB y )l(HnaMa. lbOTHh je CBHMCHnaMa HacTOjao .n;aCrrpe'lH
xepoH3Ma KOjH je Ta Mnap;OCTrrOKa3ana y jypHlllY Ha XaI,lHjHHHM JIHBap;aMa,
rro6e.n;y KOMYHH3Ma y JyrocnaBHjH, H 3aTO je 6HO crrpeMaH.n;a ce C KOMYHH-
ra3ehH J16ap H MnaBY, y J1cTpH H Ha CO'lH, HeKa rrpBo rrpO'lHTa ABe rreCMe
CTHMa 60pH Ha "KPB H HO)l(': O.n;PYCKHX eMHrpaHaTa je, rro CBeMY cy.n;ehH,
y rrpo3H: 'O.n; MojKoBQa .n;oKajMaK'IanaHa'
rrpHMHO H CHa)l(HY HeTprrelbHBOCT rrpeMa JeBpejHMa, o.n;KOjHX cy MHorH 6H-
Ta.n;ahe MY CBe rrOCTaTHjacHO:'
nH y caMOM BPXY Bol)cTBa 60lbllleBH'IKe
peBonyQHje.
Ka.n;acy HeMQH rropo6HnH Cp6Hjy, lbOTHh je 3Hao .n;acy OHH oKyrraTo-
H 'OMna.n;HHH Hlt CTpa)l(HnoBY'.
Y CYMlbY ce He MO)l(e P;OBOP;HTH'1HlbeHHQa .n;aje lbOTHh HacTojao .n;a '1HTaB CBOj )l(HBOT 3acHyje Ha Ha'lenHMa Bepe. Y cjajHoj KlbH3H CTaHHcnaBa
PH, anH je, a TO ce H3 lberOBHX rOBopa H '1naHaKa BH.n;H,CMaTpao .n;acy OHH
KpaKOBa ,,)KHBOT '10BeKa Ha EanKaHY': rr03HaTH rrHcaQ "TInaMeHa '1eTHH-
Malbe 3no o.n;KOMYHHCTa. MHcnHO je (HnH ce rrpeTBapao .n;aBepyje) .n;ahe
lllTBa" H pe)l(HCep
XHTnep HrraK BO.n;HTHo.n;nyqHY 6op6y rrpoTHB COBjeTHje, H .n;ahe y "HOBOM
rrpBHM 6op6eHHM nHHHjaMa Ha POBOBCKOjKOCH(y IIpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTY)
KaKO Ha
82
83
qJlITa KaO MOllJlITBY IIacKalloBe
peqJlI:
"KaKO
He 3HaM o,Z:\aKlIe ,Z:\01la3J1IM,JlICTO
TaKO He 3HaM HJII Ky,l:Ia JII,Z:\eM;ja 3HaM caMO ,Z:\ahy 0,Z:\lIa3ehJII ca OBora naCTJII JlIlIJIIY HJlIIUTaBJlIlIO JlIlIJIIY PYKe pacp1)eHor cycpeTa
C KpaKOBOM
cTojeBaIJ;),
MlIa,Z:\JIIo
nOlbaHe.
Y BpeMe
je jaKo
BOlleo.
rYCTJlIH, CB. pafDa CallCKJII
KpaKOB
JII ElIe3
JlI3 JaCHe
,Z:\ara YTeIUJII Ka,Z:\je ,UJlIMJlITpJlIjy
0 lboTJIIhy
IIaCKall
BellJlI: "Ca,l:\a
nOCTallJII
fberOBJII
cy CB. AB-
pellJlIrJlI03HJII
CaBeTHJlIIJ;JII. Y je,l:\HOM I,Ieny cBoje
TeCHe o
IIaCKallOBe
18. BeKa,
devote'o,Z:\ ra,
y je,Z:\HOM JlI3,Z:\afbY JlI3 CB. pafbe CallcKor.
TafbJlIMa cpeo
,Z:\aCMera
,Z:\aje TO n03a.
JIIje,Z:\HOM npJlIlIJlIKOM peKao CTY,Z:\JlIjaMa Y IIapJlI3Y, KpaKOB
I,Ieny
npBor
fberOB
pa,Z:\ocHor
MY je, Ha Kpajy,
Je,Z:\HOM npJlIlIJlIKOM, ,Z:\anpJlIqa
no CBpIUeHJlIM
,Z:\a6JII ra JlI3a3BaO, pacnYCHe
ra je MOllJlIO ,Z:\anpeCTaHe,
jep
nOBeCTJII
CBe 6e3-
C ,,qJlICTYHIJ;eM':
ce ,Z:\albe 36J1IlIO? EBO KpaKOBlbeBor
onJlIca:
CBOM cHaroM
je,Z:\Ba
"J1cTor
JlIHCTJlIKTJlIBHOr, allJII ,Z:\JlIBlber nocTynKa.
TpeHYTKa
IIorne,Z:\ao
Ka MeHJII. Ca,Z:\a caM 6J1IO peIUeH
ynllaIUJlIO
caM,
caM
36YfbeH,
Ha
,Z:\ara nYCTJlIM ,l:\a
OH MeHe y,Z:\apJII JII,Z:\ace He 6paHJlIM.
TBoje
CraIUa,
BOlbe ... EBO ... J1 YMecTo
OqeKJlIBaHor
y,Z:\apIJ;a, OH Me je nOlby6J1Io
Ka,Z:\a caM ra y,Z:\apJlIo, ja caM npe611e,Z:\eo, TaKO IJ;pBeH,I:\a ,Z:\eo ce6e.
caM ocehao,Z:\a
O,Z:\Tor TpeHYTKa
MJII 06pa3JII
y 06pa3.
allJII y OBOM TpeHYTKY
rope.
6J1Io caM
HJlIKa,Z:\ ce TaKO HJlICaM CTJII-
nOCTao
caM Haj60lbJII
npJlIjaTelb fberOBa
:>KeHaMa, qaK JII Ka,Z:\a ce 0 fbJlIMa rOBOpJlIlIO. Je,Z:\HOM MJII je O,l:\rOBOpJlIO 036J1IlbHO JII KpaTKO:
JII ,Z:\pyr ca lbOTJlIheM. Kpajfba
Y3,Z:\p:>KJbJlIBOCT
npe,Z:\paTHJII HOBJlIHap MJlIlIaH
lIJ1ICTa "Bap,Z:\ap':
y pa3rOBOpy
,Z:\OTaKao ce JII ,UJlIMJlITpJlIja lbOTJlIha.
KY IJ;pTY, 360r
lbOTJlIha:
Koje ce JIIJlIHTepecyjeM
rOBaHa,
rpa,Z:\JlIo qJlITajyhJII
JIIjep jy je lbOTJlIh
nOnOBJlIMa,
fberOBO
CMeTa "fberOB
neBafbe
ABrycTJlIHa
po :>KeHCKOM ClIa60IUhy, JlI3BeCHY Kypa:>K 360r
MoryhJlIX
JlICMeBafba
JlIlIJIIce HJlIje, JII oH,Z:\a ce cTaje
IIpe,Z:\paTHJII lIeBJlIqap
OH lboTJlIha
JII CBOjOM caBeIUhy. AlIJII, Kao
qOBeKa.
nOClIe,l:\fbJII nOKymaj
y KfbJlI3JII ycnoMeHa
IheroBa
~"
MJlICTJ1Ke;Koja
peKlIJII,
je 6J1IlIa ,Z:\y-
OHa je CBa 6J1IlIa
He ,Z:\aje JlIcnpaBHY
Y TJ1M npoTJlIBypeqHOCTJlIMa
y capa,Z:\fbY ca oKynaropoM
ce MO:>Ke,Z:\O:>KJlIBeTJII Kao
0,Z:\6paHe je,Z:\Hor CBeT3:KojJII ce pymJlI.
To ra, HapaBHO,
KpJlITJlIqape
O,Z:\J1cropJlIOco
cpe,Z:\J1HJII npe,Z:\paTHe
,Z:\p:>KaBJII':qJlIfbeHJ1IJ;a ,Z:\o.aheM
036J1IlbHOCTJ1. Tpe6a
pa3YMeTJII
Hor, a He n03epa
He,
HJ1 tperoite
Tpare,Z:\t1:jy MO-
KOjJII je XTeo ,Z:\ace 6aBJII nOllJlITJlIKOM y KopYMnJlIpaHoj KpalbeBJ1He,
npJII qeMY je TBp,Z:\JlIO,Z:\a"nOllJlITJlIKa Hero
je ,Z:\acy lbOTJlIheBe
CTpaIUHa
JII CBeTa
JlICrpa:>KJ1Baqa, JII
HJlIje
clIY:>K6a HapO,l:\y JII
JII,Z:\ejeJII CTaB YMHorOMe
,Z:\yxy. Cp6JII cy, lIJ1ICTOM, 6J1IlIJIIY3 paBHoropCTBO.
je,Z:\Hor 6y,Z:\yher
TparaTJII
"XJ1TlIepOBIJ;a':
0,1:\JlICTOpJ1jcKe O,Z:\fOBOpHOCTJ1. AnJlI, TO He aMHeCTJ1pa
qJlICTOr qOBeKa
OCHOBY 3a
Tpe6a
aMHeCTJlIpa
pallHO
"lbY,Z:\JII,
:>KJlIBJII y cKlIa,Z:\y ca XPJlI-
pellJlIrJlI03HOCT
IUTO CMO Beh
a He ocy1)JlIBaTJII ra Kao HaBO~HOr Ylla3aK
JII oH,Z:\a
JII oCTaje .. :'
He BOllJlI, allJII JlICTJlIHY He npehYTKyje.
,Z:\YXOMpJlIMOKaTOllJlIqKe
JIIfberOB
nYTa,
C MlIa,Z:\JlIMKOMYHJlICTJlIMa ,Z:\eJIJlIOnoclIe,Z:\-
je 6J1Io qOBeK KOjJII je HacTojaO,l:\a
J13rpa,Z:\fbY YHYTpaIUfber
CKOJlIMaTJII
MaHJII
Ha nOlla
JOBaHOBJlIh,
y 3aTBOpy
JII CBenpO:>KJlIMajyha.
OCeHqeHa
je HenpeCTaHO
cpe,Z:\JlIHJIIYBeK CMaTpaHa
MY je O,l:\rOBOpJlIO: "J1l1JII ce je n060:>KaH,
,Uparolby6
lbY,Z:\JII"nJlIIUe,Z:\a je lbOTJlIh
60Ka
no,Z:\pe1)JlIBafbe
CMellOCT ,Z:\aqJlITa anOCTOll
Koja npaTe
ce JII,Z:\e,Z:\OKpaja,
HaYKoM
fberOBO
JlICKa3aO
JII3a KOjy CTOJlIMJlIpOBJlIh BellJII ,Z:\aqOBeK Mopa
JOBaHOBJlIh
,UaKlIe, lbOTJlIh
CTO-
JII TOMY AKBJlIHCKOr,
Te ,Z:\Y:>KHOCTJII .. :'. JOBaHOBJlIh Koja je y HaIUoj
pellJlIrJlI03HOCTJII.
fbJII KOMa,Z:\XlIe6a.
je TOM
Bepy, jep je OHa He-
JlICTOBpeMeHo,
KlIepJlIKallJlI3aM,
3a neBHJlIIJ;OM, fberOBa
n060:>KHOCT,
JOBa-
JOBaHOBJlIh
To je n060:>KHOCT!"
,Z:\aJIIOH IJ;eHJII lboTJlIheBY
Ka,Z:\ce HJlIKO ,Z:\pyrJII He npJlIXBaTa XBallJlIO lbOTJlIheBY
IUhaHcKoM
ca ClI060,Z:\aHOM
epY,Z:\JlIIJ;JlIjy0,z:\ MHOfJIIX enJlICKOna;
je ,Z:\aMY KO,l:\lbOTJlIha
- CTO-
"MJII YOCTallOM JlIMaMO je,Z:\HY3aje,Z:\HJlIq-
peKao
JlIMajyhJII qaK Behy
JOBaHOBJlIh
ClI060,Z:\aH
3a Tor qOBeKa.
JlIMJlIpOBJlIh je JOBaHoBJlIhy
611aTO y KOMe ce npaCIJ;JII Balbajy,
Y MeHJII je CTallHO 6Y,Z:\JlIlIa pa,Z:\03HallOCT npeMa
,Z:\aypa,Z:\JlIIU. To je 6J1IlIO W3BaH
II03HaTJII
npJlIlIJlIKOM peKao,Z:\a n03Haje
qaK
,Z:\aTJII TO HJlICJIIXTeo
paTa.
JlIMJlIpOBJlIh, nOKpeTaq
3a lbOTJlIheM,
OH MJIIje cnYCTJlIO PYKY Ha palde: - Ja 3HaM,
CBeTCKor
HOBJlIheM
y,Z:\apJlIo je
JIIy,l:IapJlIo JIe1)JlIMa Y 3J1I,Z:\.llITa
nOCTaBJlITJII caMO KO,Z:\OHe :>KeHe ca KojOM ce
TaKo je 6J1IlIO Ha COllYHCKOM ror
ra je CTJII,Z:\
CTaBJlIO PYKY Ha YCTa, IUTO je KpaKOB
neCHJlIIJ;OM JIIoBaj ce TeIUKO 3aTeTypao
OH je nOIUao
IUTO caM
joIU BJlIIUe pa3,Z:\pa:>KJlIlIO, na je nocTajao
,Z:\OqeKaO ,Z:\ace
CBor po1)aKa.
ocehafba
JlICnOCHJlIqKJII CTaB. qJlIHJlIlIO MJII
MJIIje ,Z:\a6JII ce, ,Z:\aHJlIje 6J1IlIO paTa,
3aKally1)epJlIO:'
To je KpaKoBa
OqHJlIjJlI. lbOTJlIh
je,Z:\HY MallY JlIKOHY Ha
Y3 TO, HJlIKa,Z:\aHJlIje XTeo ,Z:\arOBOpJII 0 :>KeHaMa
o COJIYHCKJlIM 611Y,Z:\HJlIIJ;aMa.lbOTJlIh
ce CBor
KanYTa
je Y ,Z:\pymTBY MlIa1)JlIX 0
,Z:\aTO clIyma.
lbOTJlIha
CBor
,Z:\aMJIIje noclIe
611J1ICKOr noqeo
ce Ha TpeHYTKe
la vie
,Z:\BojJlIIJ;aCMO 6J1IlIJIITOllJlIKO pa311J1IqJlITJII no :>KJlIBOTHJlIMCXBa-
JIITeMnepaMeHTY
HeKor
a
'Introduction
HeKOllJlIKO rO,Z:\JlIHaKaCHJlIje, MeCTO OBJlIX KfbJlI-
JlIMaO je YBeK Y YHYTpaIUfbeM
,Z:\pBeTY· ( ... ) Hac
a y,Z:\pyrOM
- 3a Me He he ce TO nJlITafbe 6y,Z:\eM BeHqao:'
CBor 'z:\Pyror JOIU 6J1IO TOll-
6J1IO oClI060,Z:\MO YTJlIIJ;aja rp0<pa
TOllCTOj CBOjJlIM ,Z:\ellJlIMa HJlIje Morao
YMPO OTaIJ;, Kora
Eora:'
(npBJII je 6J1IO npe,Z:\paTHJII, ,Z:\OKje lbOTJlIh
CBeTa
6J1IlIe Ty1)e
J1 TO je 3a,Z:\araK 3a
allJII JlICTpa:>KJlIBaqa HenpJlICTpaCHor
JII 036J1lb-
85
84
* * *
cy KHYT XaMcyH H KBHCJIHHr. OBH cy )l(eJIeJIHHeMn;HMa n06ep;y Cy6e1)eH.eM
JOIII jep;HoM p;a nop;ByqeMO: HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHh je 6HO H3PHqHTO paBHOrOpCKH HacTpojeH, H3 jep;Hor npOCTOr pa3JIOra: 1)eHepaJIMJ1XaHJIOBHh je 6HO MHHHCTap BOjHH KpalbeBCKe BJIap;eY ]JOHP;OHY,nop; KOMaHp;OMKpalba fIeTpa II, a JyroCJIOBeHCKa BojcKa Y oTaI,I6HHH 6HJIa je JIeraJIHa BojcKa KpalbeBHHe JyrOCJIaBHje. Kao p;OCJIep;HH MOHapXHCTa H JIeraJIHCTaHHKonaj je 3a BpeMe ,lJ;pyror CBeTCKor paTa 6HO Ha CTpaHH JIeraJIHe BJIaCTHH JIeraJIHe BOjCKe. HMao je pa3YMeBaiba H 3a 1)eHepaJIa Hep;Hha H H>erOBecapap;HHKe, aJIH
p;a caMO HeMn;H MOry ,,3aBeCTHpep; y CBeTY" H "cnacHTH eBponcKY KYJITYPY op; CJIOBeHCKorBapBapH3Ma H aHJIH P;06HTH, Hero H3 lbYTe HeBOlbe, p;a 6H CnaCJIH6ap HeIIITO op; CBora Hapop;a': Jep;HOMpeqjy, HaKO je CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l{HqKH CTao Ha nYT YCTaHHqKe
naTpHjapxa faBpHJIa je, YOqH pa3rOBopa CHep;HheM, H3PHqHTO yn030pHO p;a
BepHOCTH KpalbY H OTaI,I6HHH, OJIHqeHOMY 1)eHepaJIY MHXaHJIOBHhy, OH je
P;OTHqHOrHe Ha3HBa fIpep;cep;HHKOM BJIap;e (jep je npep;cep;HHK HaIIIe BJIap;e
HMao pa3YMeBaH>e H 3a )l(PTBY 1)eHepaJIa Hep;Hha H H.erOBHX capap;HHKa Y nOKYIIIajy p;a ce Cp6H cnacy op; HCTpe6lbeH.a. Y HCTOBpeMe, P;YXOBHH(qeCTO
y ]JOHP;OHY),Hero p;a ra caMO OCJIOBlbaBaKao 1)eHepaJIa. KOMYHHCTH cy omY)l(HJIH BJIap;HKYHHKOJIaja p;aje 6HO ,,360paIII" H Ha OCHOBYTora MY 0P;Y3eJIHp;p)l(aBlbaHCTBO.MHHHCTapCTBO YHYTpaIIIIbJ1X noCJIOBa<1>HPJ0P;Y3eJIOje p;p)l(aBlbaHCTBO HHKOJIajy 27.9.
1951. rop;HHe 3aTO
H 6HOJIOIIIKH) npen;H HaIIIHX "aKTHBHHX rpa1)aHa': CMaTpaJIH cy p;a 60p6a 3a CBeTCKYpeBOJIyn;Hjy ce6H MO)l(e p;a p;onYCTH p;a CBH Cp6H H3rHHY, jep he, YMecTH H.HX, y Cp6Hjy 6HTH HacelbeHH KHHe3H.
IIITO je 6HO "npHnap;HHK npoTHBHapop;He nOJIHTHqKe opraHH3an;Hje 360p H Kao capap;HHK oKynaTopa n06erao H3 3eMlbe npep; OCJI0601)eH.eM': ,lJ;aKJIe,nOBe3HBaH>eHHKOJIaja H JboTHha, Kao npHnap;HHKa HCTor no-
3amTO je CBeTH HHKoJlaj )l{H'IKH
6HO aHTHKoMYHHcTa?
JIHTHqKOr nOKpeTa, nOTHqe op; KOMYHHcTa! HHKOJIaj HHje 6HO npHnap;HHK ,,360pa': a ca ,,360paIIIHMa" je, H npe H nOCJIe,lJ;pyror CBeTCKorpaTa, capa1)HBao Kao ca xpHIIIhaHHMa,
Ha npaBOCJIaBHHM H Cp6CKHM nOCJIOBHMaKOjH cy
OBO nHTaH.e je TOJIHKOpeTOpHqKO p;a MY je H peTOpHqHOCT H3aH1)aJIa. To je HCTOKao H nHTaH.e: ,,3aIIITo je xpHIIIhaHHH
npoTHB caTaHH3Ma?" fIo
3BaHHqHHM nop;an;HMa pycKe p;p)l(aBHe KOMHcHje, 06jaBlbeHHM 1995, 3a Bpe-
6HJIH H3Hap; Hp;eOJIOfHje.
Me COBjeTHje y6HjeHo je, y HMe peBOJIyn;HoHapHe npaBp;e, p;BeCTaXHlbap;a caMO CBeIIITeHHX H MOHaIIIKHX JIHn;a! HHKOJIaj je CBeTO 3Hao, H CBHMCBOjHM
BJla)J;HKa HHKoJlaj H l)eHepaJl He)J;Hn OHO IIITO je HHKOJIaj naK MHCJIHO0 1)eHepany Hep;Hhy H H.erOBHM noMohHHn;HMa MO)l(p;a je Haj60lbe Ca)I(eTOy jep;Hoj op; 6eJIe)l(aKa BJIap;HKHHHX nOCTXYMHO 06jaBlbeHHX: "KoJIa60pan;Hja.
JacaH je CMHcao OBe peqH. Kap;
6HheM 6HO je npOTHB KOMyHHCTHqKe HeMaHH y Cp6HjH, nOIIITO je nOTHn;aJIa H3 COBjemje. 3ap HHje 6HO y npaBY? KOMYHHCTH cy OP;MaxnOKa3aJIH KO cy H UITa xohe, Beh 1941. Y BoraTHhy cy, aBrycTa Mecen;a, y6HJIH cpecKor HaqeJIHHKa H H.erOBOr nOMohHHKa, JIe-
p;Ba qOBeKa H3BJIaqe nOTonlbeHH qaMan;, jep;aH KOHonn;eM, a p;pyrH KYKOM,
Kapa MJIap;eHa MHJIOIIIeBHha, ap;BOKaTaHeMaH>Y CTaHKoBHha, qHHOBHHKa
OHp;a cy OHH KOJIa60paTopH. 06a HMajy HCTH n;Hlb npep; OqHMa. HCTO Ta-
YpoIIIa fIeKoBHha. Y6HJIH cy jepoMoHaxa MHTpo<paHa MaTHha, cTapeIIIHHY
KO H JIOBn;HKap; xohe p;a YJIOBeHeKY 3Bep, na pacnopep;e YJIore. H OHH cy
MaHacTHpa qOKeIIIHHe, 11. aBrycTa 1941, a Hapop; CnpeqHJIH p;a ra caxpaHH.
KOJIa60paTopH jep;aH p;pyrOM. Jep HMajy HCTH n;Hlb npep; OqHMa. HHKO op;
H3 MaqBe cy y6HcTBa KpeHYJIa p;albe, a caMa MaqBa je, 360r KOMYHHCTHqKHX
Han;HOHaJIHCTacpnCKHX HHje KOJIa60pHpao ca HeMaqKHM oKynaTOpHMa. Jep
Hanap;a, y n;pHO 3aBHjeHa. HeMn;H H YCTaIIIe cy Y3eJIH 7000 TaJIan;aH3 llIann;a
cpnCKH Han;HOHaJIHCTHC jep;He CTpaHe H HeMn;H C p;pyre CTpaHe HMaJIH cy
H Op;BeJIHHX y ceJIOJapaK y CpeMY. JbYP;Hcy qeTHpH caTa MOpaJIH p;a Tpqe, a
p;Ba, nOTnyHO cynpoTHa n;Hlba npep; OqHMa. HeMn;H cy CMepaJIH yHHIIITHTH
ycnYT cy cTpelbaHH - OHH KOjH 6H 3aCTaJIH.TaKo1)e, MaqBaHCKH KOMYHHCTH
cpnCKH Hapop;, a cpnCKH naTpHOTH CaqYBaTH ra H OCJI060P;HTHra op; HeMa-
cy OP;MaxnOKa3aJIH KaKaB he 6HTH H.HXOBOP;HOCnpeMa BepH; nOCJIeoCBaja-
n;a. CpnCKH Han;HOHaJIHCTHHHCY CJIY)l(HJIHHeMn;HMa, Hero cy ce CJIY)l(HJIH
H>afIpH.aBOpa, oCKpHaBHJIH cy JIOKaJIHHxpaM.
HeMn;HMa. HOBO cy OHH qHHHJIH C P;y60KHM npe3peH.eM oKynaTOpa H C
"HaIIIa Bop6a" op; 30. HOBeM6pa 1941. je nHCaJIa: "OBaKo H3fJIep;anpH.a-
npHryrneHHM peBOJIyn;HoHapHHM HHCTHHKTOMy ce6H - p;o BpeMeHa. Hcnop;
BopcKa n;pKBa: HKOHOCTacpa36HjeH, CBeCBeTaqKe CJIHKecy ca H.era cKHHYTe
3Bepa ce H3Byn;H, na oHp;a Tyn;H:' fIpaBH KOJIa60paTopH ca HeMn;HMa 6HJIH
H YHaKa)l(eHe, qaCHa Tpne3a npeTypeHa, a CBH 06jeKTH, KOjH Ha TOM CBeTOM
86
87
npeCTOlIY cToje, pacTypeHH, a ~elIOM HeCTalIH. I.J;pKBeHeKIbHre cy ynpona-
Eora", y rpY~H, C~eCHa, Y3 Y3BHK: "OBO TH je 3a Kpalba': H y cPQe, Y3 Y3BHK:
IIITeHe, a CBa ~pBeHapHja (CTO 3a cBehe H CTOlIHQe, BlIa~HqHHa, BlIa~apeBa,
"OBO TH je 3a OTaI,I6HHY!" KOMaH~Hp PaCHHCKenapTH3aHCKe qeTe, HaTepao
Kao H CBe ~pyre
je yxBaheHor
CTOlIHQe, Koje cToje ca CTpaHe) H31I0MlbeHa H 6aqeHa no
cpe~HHH QPKBe. IIp030pH
nopa36HjaHH, nOlIHjejH HCTOTaKO, ClIHKa KTHTopa
QPKBe HO:>KeMH360~eHa, HT~. KYlIMHHaQHja CBera je TO, IIITO cy KOMYHHCTH H3MeT BpIIIHlIH YHYTpa, H IIITO cy KOlbe ~p:>KalIH YHYTpa:' KaKBa je 1I0rHKa KOMYHHCTaY Cp6HjH 6HlIa, npHqaO je IbHXOB 6HBIIIH
nHcapa AQY KaMnepelIHha
~a noje~e conCTBeHO OKO,Koje MY
je HO:>KeMH3Ba~HO. EBO onHca :>KpTaBa KOMYHHCTHqKOr Tepopa, y6HjeHHx
1941. y OKOlIHHH Py~or: 1) Y1lIHh BojHclIaBa, qHHOBHHK nOIIITe H3 IIpH60ja,
6. ~eQeM6pa
cTapa 20 rO~HHa,
3ap06lbeHHK, )KHBopa~ BelIHqKOBHh; OH je ClIYIIIao napTH3aHOBor KOMaH-
hepKa cpecKor HaqelIHHKa MHlIoBaHa
~aHTa, Y1IIITBaHa EOPOTY,KojH je Ha HapO~HOM 360py Y MHpOClIaBQHMa ro-
napTH3aHa. IheH lIeIII YHaKa:>KeH.PYKe H360~eHe H HCeqeHe, 6YTHHa ~eCHe
BOpHO: "MH MopaMO BO~HTH 60p6y npOTHB <paIIIH3Ma, na MaKap H nOClIe~-
Hore paCeqeHa ~o KOCTH,o~ KOlIeHa ~o 6e~pa, ~eCHOOKOH3Bal)eHo, 06e ~oj-
IbH qOBeK Y Cp6HjH nOrHHYO, jep Hapo~a Ha KyrlIH 3eMalbcKoj HMa ~OBOlbHO,
Ke np060~eHe,
caMa KHHa HMa npeKo 400 MHlIHOHa lbY~H, a Y1H~Hja HMa OKO500 MHlIHOHa. flIaBHo je ~a - n06e~H HaIIIa H~eja, a HaIIIe npolIeTepcKe
PYKe carpa~Hhe
cella H rpa~oBe, Koje <paIIIHcTH nopYIIIe:'
Y1lIHha, y6HjeHa y Py~oMe o~ cTpaHe
1I06alba pa3MpcKaHa.
2) JOBaHoBHh ,Ueca, yqeHHQa 6 pa3pe~a rHMHa3Hje, cTapa 18 ro~HHa, hepKa ynpaBHHKa
nOIIITe H3 IIpH60ja,
o~Bel)eHa Ka~ H BojHclIaBa
Y1lIHh.
IheH lIeIII, nope~ orpoMHHx Mo~pHQa no TellY, HMa npoceK Hcno~ lIeBe ~oj-
3a BpeMe "Y:>KHqKepeny61IHKe': KOMYHHCTHcy n06HlIH npeKo 300 lbY-
1941. BlIaCT
Ke H npelloMlbeHY ~ecHY PYKY. 3) Y1rlbaT Kaqap, xOTellHjep, cTap 50 rO~HHa; lberOB lIeIII Hal)eH y ce-
QPBeHHx I,IelIaTa y qaqKY: "CelbaQH cy 6HlIH Ha CHlIY, no~ npeTlboM cMpTHe
~eheM cTaBY, pYKe Be3aHe Ha lIel)HMa. ,UecHo yxo O~CeqeHO, KO:>KaonapeHa
~H. A eBO KaKO je, npeMa nHcalbY "HaIIIe
60p6e", H3rlIe~alIa
Ka3He, o~Bol)eHH Y napTH3aHcKe o~pe~e ... ,Ua 6H oHeMoryhHlIH
CBaKHoTnop
npoTHB 31I0qHHa napTH3aHH cy Ha HeKOlIHKOjaBHHx MeCTay6HlIH ~eceTHHY yrlIe~HHx ~oMahHHa. Y6HjalIH cy HX Ha Haj3BepcKHjH HaqHH. HeKolIHKo IbHX
BpyhoM BO~OM,Koca nOqynaHa, CBH3y6H nOBal)eHH; ~oTyqeH HeKHM TynHM opyl)eM.
4) BlIa~HMHp OTaIIIeBHh, celbaK H3 IIpH60jcKe
Ealbe, cTap 50 rO~HHa,
:>KHBe6H 3aKonalIH ~o naca y 3eMlbY, a OH~a cy HM HO:>KeBHMaKH~alIH YIIIH,
Hal)eH y lIe:>KeheM cTaBY, lIHQeM oKpeHYT 3eMlbH, ca CBe3aHHM PYKaMa Ha
HOC,je3HK, PYKe H TaKO HX ~O HajcTpaIIIHHje
lIel)HMa, pa3MpcKaHe 1I06albe TynHM opyl)eM.
CMpTH MPQBapHlIH. ,UeceTHHe
~pyrHx celbaKa Be3aHHX PYKY MopalIH cy nOCMaTpaTH OBeje3HBe CQeHe...
5) PajKo HecTopoBHh, CY~CKHnHcap H3 IIpH60ja,
cTap 25 rO~HHa. Ihe-
BapOIII nYCTa, cpYIIIeHa, npa3HHX ~yhaHa H nHjaQa ...
rOB lIeIII Hal)eH y ce~eheM cTaBY, ca CBe3aHHM HoraMa H pYKaMa, no QelloM
3BepCTBa H Myqelba BpIIIeHa cy Ha pa3HHM MeCTHMa, na H y 3aTBopy.
TelIY Hcnp06a~aH
To je qHlbeHO 06HqHO Hohy. Y 3aTBopy je CTalIHO 6HlIO OKO 50 oc06a, Mel)y KojHMa H :>KeHCKHX.EaH~HTH cy BpIIIHlIH caclIYIIIalba,
npe6HjajyhH
HeBHHe
KaMoM, 3y6H nOBal)eHH.
A Ka~ je y6HjeH KOHTpOllOp nOIIITe y IIO~ropHQH, MHlba EpajoBHh, y lIeTO 1942. rO~HHe, KOMYHHCTHqKH MOHCTPYMH cy HaTepalIH lberoBY:>KeHY
:>KpTBe:>KHlIaMa,TOlbaraMa, KYH~aQHMa H IIIaKaMa. Hohy cy 6HlIH y6HjaHH He-
AHl)y H OCMOpOIbHXOBe~eQe ~a Hrpajy KOllO OKOy6HjeHor H neBajy: "CTH:>Ke
BHHH lby~H. JIeIIIeBH :>KpTaBa6aQaHH cy 06HqHO y KlI03eTe. CTpaIIIHo je 6HlIO
nHCMO H3 CnY:>Ka- OCTaAHl)a 6e3 MY:>Ka:'
clIYIIIaTH jaYK H BpHcaK MyqeHHX :>KpTaBa.Y6HjeHa je, Mel)y OCTalIHM, H je~Ha
BYKocaB Pa~OBHh, y CBojOj KlbH3H "O~ CY~Hje ~O qHCTaqa': HaBO~H jOIII
:>KeHaKOjy cy napTH3aHH OCY~HlIH Ha CMpT pa~H Tora IIITO je npalla py6lbe
je~aH clIyqaj QPHoropCKHX napTH3aHCKHX "nO~BHra". (I.J;pHa fopa je no CBe-
HeMaqKHM BojHHQHMa. IIpe y6HcTBa OBaje :>KeHanOlIy~elIa o~ cTpaxa H MY-
MY cy~ehH, Y3 XepQerOBHHY, 6HlIa npe~eo HajY:>KaCHHjer KOMYHHCTHqKOr
qelba. Ca 1b0M je, no cBoj npHlIHQH, y6HjeH H lbeH MY:>K.Y CBaKOMclIyqajy OH
~HBlbalba; HeKH 3110qHHHQPHoropcKHx y6HQa MOry ce, no qy~OBHIIIHOCTH,
je HeCTao H nOClIe nOrH6Hje lberOBe HecpehHe :>KeHeBHIIIe ra HHCY BH~elIH:'
nope~HTH caMO ca YCTaIIIKHM):
A IIocaBcKH
napTH3aHcKH o~pe~, Ha qHjeM qelIY cy cTajalIH Y1IIITBaH
EopoTa H JOCH
ce" TecTepHcalbeM :>KHBHXlbY~H. IIpe~-
ce~HHKa onIIITHHe BalbeBCKor cella ,UHBQH cy, Y3 nOMoh "Hapo~Hor
xepoja"
CTeBaHa KHBepaHe. MlIa~or
cpnCKor ~06pOBOlbQa 'uYIIIaHa
IIaIIIHha y6HlIH cy KOMYHHCTH,nYQajyhH MY y maBY, Y3 Y3BHK: "OBO TH je 3a
H ~a 6H 3a~oBolbHlIH Ha Hajrp03HHjH
" ...,Ua 6H cTpax y Hapo~y 6HO IIITO BehH
cBoje ca~HCTHqKe HaroHe, OHH cy y6HcTBa BpIIIHlIH
HaqHH. O~ MHor06pojHHX
TaKBHX rp030Ta HaBeIIIhy pa~H
npHMepa, je~HY Koja ce o~HrpalIa y JIHjecQH, 3aceoKY cella Cpe~lber Cella y cpe3Y 6jelIonolbcKoM:' "EaIII y THM ~aHHMa Ka~a ce ~p:>Kao 360p y llIaxoBHhHMa,
HaBpaTHlIa
cy TPH napTH3aHa y Kyhy CTeBaHa Mp~aKa H ynHTalIH ra ~a lIH HM MO:>Ke
89
88 UlTO Aan:l 3a pyqaK, peKaBIIIH Aa cy AYro Ha nYTY H Aa HOCenOlliTY OA llOA-
Beh HnH MaJbeM y rnaBY, HnH 3aKnaH HO)l(eM HcnoA rpna. CBaKH nelli je 6HO
rOpH~e 3a rnaBHH IIITa6 CaHI,IaKa; KOjH ce Hana3HO Ha KOBpeHY. CTeBaH,
MacaKpHpaH H YHaKa)l(eH. OqH H3Bal)eHe, 3y6H nOnOMJbeHH, HOC OTCeqeH,
KaO YBeK rOCTOnpHMaH, YBeO je JbYAeY Kyhy H H3HeO npeAa lbHX CBe KaO 0
je3HK OTCeqeH, CTOMaK H3Bal)eH, cp~e H3Bal)eHo H CTaBJbeHOy YCTa, HTA· Hore H PYKe 6ey pa3nHKe 6Hjaxy CBHMa )l(pTBaMa nOnOMJbeHe H rnaBe TY-
CnaBH... KaA cY 'rOCTH' KpeHynH Aa HAY H3 lberOBe Kyhe, 3aMonHnH cy ra Aa HM nOKa)l(e nYT 3a llIaxoBHhe,
IIITO je YBeK A06pOAYIIIHH CTeBaH H qHHHO
CBHMa KojH cy Ma KaKBY ycnyry Tpa)l(HnH OA lbera. KaA HX je HcnpaTHO AO jeAHor IllYMapKa Y 6nH3HHH cBoje Kyhe, TY cy ra CTaBHnH Ha Hajrp03HHje MYKe. llpBO cy MY npe6HnH Hore H pYKe, a oHAa HIllqynanH
KnelliTaMa CBe
nHM npeAMeTOM - MaJbeM pa36HjeHe. KOMHcHja je YTBpAHna HMeHa H 6poj )l(pTaBa, HaqHH y6Hjalba, I,IenaTe H HapeA60AaB~e,
HOKTe. OHAa cy MY 0AceKnH YIIIH H HOC,a nOTOM OqH H3BaAHnH. KaA je H3-
nopyqHo
AaxHYO Ha MYKaMa, AenOBHTena cy 36HjeHH y rOMHny ca jeAHoM ~eAYJbH~OM:
repHnCKe aK~Hje: "CTpeJbaj CBaKora, na Ma TO 6HO H qnaH lloKpajHHcKor KOMHTeTa napTHje, aKO ce Kone6a HnH nOKa3yje HeAOCTaTaKAHC~HnnHHe:'
'OBaKo he npohH CBH, OA KMeTa AO KpaJba'. OBa TPH 3nHKOB~a HHCY 6HnH KYPHPH OA lloAropH~e 3a rnaBHH IIITa6, Beh 'He6ecKa nonH~Hja', Kojy cy H3 llIaxoBHha nocnanH TOMalli H CaBa, Aa nOKa)l(y CBOjy 'Moh oCBeTe', jep HM je CTeBaH xpa6po peKao Ha POBHHaMa: 'J1MaMo MH Kora cnYIIIaTH, Aa He
- Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich,
Inc., 757
,QanH je HHKonaj Morao 6HTH "cHMnaTH3ep" KOMYHHcTaHnH HeYTpanaH
cnYIIIaMO 6aIll Bac ABojH~Y' ..:' Y ApyrOM Aeny CBOjHXAHeBHHKa, BnaAHMHp ,QeAHjep onHcyje
KaKO je
y6HjeH H3BeCHHPaqHh, cTapHjH qOBeK, capaAHHK BojBoAe 1)yjHha H3 CnnHTa. Y6HI~e cy ra CaqeKane y lberoBoj KyhH, H "KaA je YIIIao Kp03 BpaTa, YAapeH je qeKHheM, a 3aTHM je A06HO HO)l( Y cp~e!" KpCTO P. BnaXOBHh, qeTHHK llasna
1)ypHIIIHha,
6Jbe': KOA KonaIIIHHa, ,,3aAY)l(6HHY" MOIlle llHjaAe "AMepHKaHcKH Cp606paH"
(M. 1)Hnac, "PaTHO A06a" - ,,wartime" Third Avenue, New York, 1977). J1?
onHcyje
"llacje
rpo-
("J1cnYlbeHa 3aKneTBa':
10291/51):
" ... Hallia H JIaIIIHheBa rpyna cnajajy ce H llaBne Hapel)yje noxoA Ha Ko-
npeMa lbHMa? MaKap HHTeneKTyanHo HeYTpanaH? qaK H HajBehH "HHTeneKTyan~H" Mel)y KOMYHHCTHMa,nonYT THTOBor HaApeanHCTe Koqe llonoBHha, 6HnH cy KpBonO~H. HeMaqKH HCTOpHqap BepHep BpOKAOP
1968) onHcao KaKOje oBaj KOMaHAaHTllpBe nponeTepcKe AHBH3Hje
KpajeM paTa 1945. y BocHH HapeAHo Aa )l(HBe 3aKonajy HeMaqKe 3ap06JbeHHKe, TaKO Aa HM caMO rnaBa BHPH H3 3eMJbe, a 3aTHM Aa ce npeKo lbHXOBHX
naIIIHH, 20.
rnaBa npena3H APJbaqaMa, qHjH cy qenHqHH 3yn~H ~enanH rnaBe HecpehHH-
TY llnaHHHH~a-KJbyq,
Ka. J1CTHoBaj HaApeanHcTa HapeAHo je CnaJbHBalbe )l(HBHX OKO400 HeMa~a.
rpyne,
HaHIllnH CMOHa jaK oTnop, n~e HaM fUHY, OAMojeY:>K£
cTapH jYHaK nYKoBHHK HHKona BynaToBHh H JaHKo IlIhenaHoBHh,
KOMYHHCTHcy H npe ,Qpyror CBeTCKor paTa 6HnH HenpHjaTeJbH cpncKor
Hallie npBe ABe )l(pTBe. AnH, npH CBeMY,Halli enaH HHje 6Hno 'JaKOYCTaBHTH, TaKO Aa CMOHa AaH 23.
HapoAa, KOjH je KOMHHTepHa npornacHna 3a xereMOHHCTHqKH. qeTBpTa 3eMaJbCKaKOH
MOIIIHHHX 6aHAH H Ha jypHIll3aY3enH
~Hje, CnoBeHHje, UpHe rope, MaKeAoHHje, KocoBa, BocHe H BojBoAHHe OA
KonallIHH ... CTaHOBHHllITBO KonallIH-
Ha )l(HBenO je nOA MOIIIHHOM cTpaxoBnaAoM 49 AaHa, qHjH je pe3ymaT: y6H-
cTpaHe cpncKHx Tpyna". KIIJ je, y 23. 6pojy CBor rnaCHna "llponeTep"
jeHe, MacaKpHpaHe 373 oc06e ...
nOAP)l(ana YCTaHaK YCTallia y JIH~H, HarnalliaBajyhH
Y TparalbY 3a KOMYHHCTHqKHM 3nOqHHHMa, cYTpaAaH ca rpynoM IIIHX JbYAH, AOl)oCMO AO peKe Tape nopeA caMor rpaAa. llopeA
Ha-
peKe Hana3H
ce jeAHa 6apYllITHHa 6e3 CHera, Ha qHjoj ce cpeAHHH Hana3HO n06HjeHH cTy6
1932,
Aa ce, HnaK, ca "BenH-
KocpncKoM BOjHo <paIIIHCTHqKOMAHKTaTypoM" KOHaqHOMOry 06paqYHaTH caMO KOMYHHCTH. rOAHHe 1943, C HeM~HMa y 3arpe6y cy ce AoroBapanH H nperoBapanH
y BHCHHH OKO TPH MeTpa, Ha KOMe je cTajana ApBeHa Ta6na ca HaTnHCOM:
BnaAHMHp Bene6HT H MHnoBaH 1)Hnac. Bene6HToB OTa~, Jby60MHp, aycTpo-
'nacje rp06Jbe'. J13HaA Ta6ne Ha cTy6y Hana3Hno ce 06eIlleHO MpTBO nceTO.
yrapcKH reHepan, 6HO je, jOlli OA J1 CBeTCKor paTa, npHjaTeJb HeMaqKOr reHepana rne3a
na ce Bene6HT, npHnHKOM CBOjHX noceTa
rOMHnaMa 0A 20 AO 50. KOMHcHja OAABa neKapa H jeAHor CTYAeHTaMeAH~H-
YCTalliKOM 3arpe6y,
KpeTao. OCHOBHa nperOBapaqKa
He, nopeA 6poja ApyrHX qnaHOBa, noqena je ca YBHl)ajeM. Bpoj y6HjeHHx 06a
napTH3aHa y pa3rOBOpy C HeM~HMa 6HO je: "HOB HHKe Kao rnaBHe cBoje HenpHjaTeJbH:'
• OKO cTy6a no 6apYIIITHHH Hana3HnH cy ce YHaKa)I(eHH JbYACKHneIlleBH Ha
nona H3HOCHOje 373, 0A KOjHX HHKO He 6Hjallie y6HjeH BaTpeHHM opY)l(jeM,
cn060AHo
n03H~Hja
JyrocnaBHje cMaTpa qeT-
91
90 M3aHCTa; KOM}'HHCTHHHKaA He 6H OCBojHJIHCp6Hjy Aa HM HHCYnOMOrJIH COBjeTH, Cl.JepqHJIOBHM,,6JIarOCJIOBoM': A KaA cY oCBOjHJIHCp6Hjy, HanpaBHJIH cY HeBHl)eHH nOKOJb.KOMYHHcTa H "lllnaHal.\': I1eTKo I1aHoBHh H3 I1o)l(ere, y6HO je, H3 HAeOJIOIlIKHXpa3JIOra, CBor CHHaPaAojHl.\Y! A KOJIHKOje cpncKHx KaHHa y6HJIO cBoje ABeJbe - HH 6poja ce He 3Ha. Cp6Hja jOIlI HHje caxpaHHJIa )l(pTBe KOMYHHCTHqKOrTepopa, a THTOBH I,IeJIaTHCJI060AHO llIeTajy EeorpaAOM H npHMajy, OA HallIHX nope3a Y3eTe, cBoje KpBaBe neH3Hje. KOMYHHCTH - Cp6H, THTOBe cJIyre, KPHBH cy 3a CBe nopa3e Cp6CTBa nOCJIe ,Z:(pyror CBeTCKor paTa. CeTHMo ce caMO IlITa cy paAHJIH 1944-1945,
KaA cy
I1peAyr je CllHcaK lberOBHX 3JIOqHHaqKHX H no AYIlIY nOTpeCHHX AeJIa, npeAyr Aa 6H 6HO HaBol)eH. 06aBellITeHH
CTe 0 IbHMa H3 npBe pYKe, H HeMa
nOTpe6e Aa HX nOHaBJbaMO. AJIH ja MopaM HarJIaCHTH jeAaH MOMeHaT KOjH Bac H MeHe, Kao JbYAe QpKBe, HajBHllIe 3aHHMa: OH jOIlI YBeK nporOHH QpKBY, nOHeKaA MaKHjaBeJIHCTHqKH, y PYKaBHl.\aMa, y npHCYCTBY 6pHTaHCKHX H aMepHqKHX nOCeTHJIal.\a,a nOHeKaA HepOHCKH, y OACYCTBY'caBe3HHqKHX' nOCeTHJIal.\a. BallIa MHJIOCT MO)l(e Aa 3aMHCJIHKaKO ce 6e3AoMHHl.\H, Cp6H y pacejaIbY, ocehajy KaA je THTOBa noceTa JIOHAOHY y nHTalbY. M, jOIlI BHllIe, KaKO
ce CBeTHJIH Cp6HjH 3aTO IlITO HX HHje XTeJIa. KOJIHKOje AOMahHHa y6HjeHo
xpHllIhaHCKe AeHOMHHal.\Hje, HapOqHTO aHrJIHKaHCKe3ajeAHHl.\e IlIHpOM CBe-
caMO Aa 6H HM 6HJIa 0AY3eTa HMoBHHa! Y KOJIHKOje ceJIa nYl.\aHO Y JIHTHje (BHAH KlbHry ,Z:(parHllIe EO)l(Hha "QpBeHH MeTaK': MOpaBl.\H 2002)! KOJIHKO
Ta, OqeKyjy peq npOTeCTa OA HaA6HcKyna KeHTep6epHjcKor. MOJIHM ce H HaAaM Aa he BallIa MHJIOCT, ca BaMa cBojcTBeHoM MYApo-
je HeBHHHX JbYAHoTepaHo Ha P06Hjy 360r BHAa Ha paqYH JocHna Ep03a! Ko-
IlIhy H xpa6pollIhy,
JIHKOje Ael.\e 3JIOCTaBJbaHO3aTO IlITO nOCTe Aa ce npHqeCTe HJIH pel.\HTyjy y
6e360)l(HHKY H CypOBOM rOHHTeJbY XpHllIhaHCTBa
l.\PKBH 3a CaBHHAaH! KOJIHKOje Kyha cpncKHx ocpaMoheHo AOK cy MY)l(eBH OA YA6allIa CHJIOBaHHX)l(eHa, 6HJIH Ha P06HjH!
PYKY lheHor BeJIHqaHCTBa, Koja ce y 3BaHHqHoj THTYJIHCBOjOj Ha3HBa '6paHHTeJbKOMBepe'. CTpaBHqHH nOJby6al.\ HCTHM OHHM YCHaMa Koje cy H3PH-
3aTO je HHKOJIaj 6HO aHTHKoM}'HHcTa. 3aTo je nOAp)l(aBaO aHTHKoM}'HH-
yqHHHTH CBe IlITO BaM je Moryhe Aa ce OBOM60p6eHoM He A03BOJIH Aa l.\eJIHBa
l.\aJIe CMpTHe npecYAe XHJbaAaMa HeBHHHX H n060)l(HHX xpHllIhaHa.
I1poTe-
CTHqKY 60p6y CBor HapoAa. 3aTo cy ra KOMYHHCTHMp3eJIH. AJIH, Kao XPHIlIhaHHH, Kao Cp6CKH enHCKon, OH y paTY HHje XTeo Aa nOTnHllIe HeMaqKH
cTyjyhH npOTlm OBor MOpaJIHOr pyrJIa, cHrypaH caM Aa he BallIa MHJIOCT HMaTH BHllIe EHrJIe3a H EHrJIeCKHlba H3a ce6e Hero OHH nOJIHTHqapH KojH
aneJI 3a 60p6y npoTHB KOMYHHcTa, jep HHje XTeo Aa pacnHpyje paT H Aa Ha 6HJIO KOjH HaqHH nOCJIY~H oKynaTOpy.
cy n03BaJIH OBor HajHe)l(eJbeHHjer rOCTa Aa noceTH rpaA CBeTHX MyqeHHKa AJI6aHa H MafHyca.
rpal)aHcKH
Ho, qHM je paT npOllIao, CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(HqKH je HaCTaBHOCBOjy naCTHPCKY 60p6y npOTHB KOMYHHCTHqKHX BYKOBa H IbHXOBor Bol)e, JOCHna Ep03a.
YBepaBaM Bac, BallIa MHJIOCTH, y cBoje Ay60KO nOIlITOBalbe H 6paTCKY Jby6aB y [ocnoAY HallIeM Mcycy XpHCTY· BeoMa HCKpeHO BallI, EnHCKon HHKOJIaj"
BJIa)J;HKaHHKOJIaj 0 THTY HHKOJIajeB 0AHOC npeMa Ep03Y H lberoBoj
JyroCJIaBHjH je jacaH: OH ce
MHmJbelbe
HapO)J;a 0 xaocy rpa1)aHcKor
paTa y Cp6HjH
rHYIIIa OBor 6e360)l(HHqKOr THpaHHHa, 0 KOMe MHIlIJbelbe HCKa3yje y nHCMY HaA6HcKyny KeHTep6epHjcKoM, nOBOAoM THTOBe noceTe EHrJIeCKoj 1952. (KOHl.\enT nHCMa qYBa ce y HHKOJIajeBoj oCTaBIlITHHH): "BallIa MHJIOCTH, Y aMepHqKoj IlITaMnH ce IlIHpe BeCTH Aa caAallIlbH, caMOnpOrJIallIeHH BJIaAap JyrOCJIaBHje, THTO, YCKOPOCTH)I(e y JIoHAoH Kao 3BaHHqHH noceTHJIal.\ Ha n03HB 6pHTaHcKe BJIaAe. BallIa MHJIOCT cHrypHo 3Ha KOje 6HO oBaj qOBeK, IlITa je yqHHHO, H IlITa npeACTaBJba. lheroBH TparoBH Mopajy 6HTH y)l(acHH CBaKOMEHrJIe3Y XPHIlIhaHHHY H EHrJIeCKHlbH xpHllIhaHKH. EYAyhH <}>aHaTHqHHM6e360)l(HHKOM, KOpHCTHOje CBe 3JIOqHHaqKe MeToAe, KOjHX ce l.\HBHJIH30BaHH CBeT rHYIIIa, Kao 3aKOHHTe, Aa 6H oCBOjHo BJIaCTH OCTao Ha BJIaCTH.
Y "M3BOpHHKy': qaCOnHCYMel)yonllITHHCKor
apXl1Ba y l.JaqKY, 2004. 06-
jaBJbeHOje nHCMOMJIaAOr ,,360pallIa" 1)opl)a HOBKoBHha, ynyheHo 9. anpHJIa 1942. rOAHHe ,UHMHTPHjy JboTHhy. I1HCMO H3BellITaBa 0 cTalbY jaBHor MlbeIba y rOplbOMHJIaHOBaqKOM Kpajy, Toj "KJIaCHqHoj" lllYMaAHjH, H npHJIHqHO A06po OApa)l(aBa pa3MHllIJbalbe cp6cKor HapoAa y OHOBpeMe. ,Z:(OHOCHMO ra Aa 6H ce BHAeJIOAa CTaB CBeTor HHKOJIaja )l(HqKOr HHje 6HO Tyl) Cp6CKOM HapoAHoM cTaBY y A06a ,Z:(pyror CBeTCKor paTa: "A) MaKo ce r. MHJIaHOBal.\ HeKaAa CHJIOMcynpOCTaBHO npoTHB paAa reH. HeAHha, AaHac OH Ha Taj paA rJIeAa APYKqHje. ,UaHac je JIHqHOCTMHJIaHa HeAHha nOCTaJIa oneT, Kao H npe paTa, OMHJbeHaH nonYJIapHa; TaKO Aa cy peTKH OHH KojH ce He carJIacajy ca paAOM BJIaAe HapOAHor cnaca H KojH
92
93
MMCJIe Aa je aKQMja KOjy je Ta BJIaAa nOAY3eJIa 6eCMMCJIeHa. IToTpe6HO ce MCTaKHe Jby6aB KOjy HapoA TOra Kpaja Aalbe M HaAalbe
rajM npeMa
r. HeAMhy,
Koje ce nOJIa)l(e y Ibera M lberOB paA. feHepaJI
je Aa
Bepa, nOY3-
HeAMh je AaHac
jeAMHM KOjM MO)l(e Aa OKO ce6e OKyrrM CBe 3ApaBe HaQMOHaJIHe CHare M Aa MX nOBeAe cnaceH. y, KaKO y TaKOBCKOM Kpajy rAe je napTlf3aHCKa TO nOBepelbe
aKQMja BJIaAaJIa. HMKaKBa
y ITpeAceAHMKa
lbeM: TO je Momo
Aa ycne
Ba)l(aH je caMO HeAMh.
cpnCKe
HMCY JbYAM KOjM )l(eJIe A06pa
3epa. 360pallIM M OApoAMMa.
Aa je nOTnYHM
ITapTM3aHM
ce cMaTpajy
XM-
('JbOTMheBQe'). BojHMKa
MMJIaHOBqaHMMa
Hero A06pOBOJbQa.
360pallIM
HeMa npMCTaJIMQa a HM CMMnaTM-
neTOKOJIOHallIMMa,
Kyha y
Mp)l(lba
AallIlbY
r. MMJIaHoBQY.
cYA6MHY. HeKaAallIlbM
Ae qeTHMKa )J,pa)l(e MMxajJIOBMha.
AonpMHeo
CaM VII
KojM je 6MO AO npeA
Aa ce je ja3 M3Mel)y '3EOPA'
He360pallIM), 06jeKaT
Aeo A06pOBOJbaQa
~e je BMllIe
lIITO llITelbe, rpellIaH
qeTHMQMMa
YBepelbe
OApeA HeMaqKMX
M3 PYAHMqKe rpyrre
Aa cy A06pOBOJbQM
BojHMKa
jeAaH (OHMMa
neTQKOJIOHallIM
KOjM je Tpa)l(MO
nYlIIKe
jOllI
AOllIao
y
M OCTaJIM
0AY3eT oA A06pOBOJbaQa.
lberOB
cnoc06HoCT
'repMaHo
caMO Haj06MqHMjM
JboTMha,
M JIMqHa BpeAHocT npaBaQ
npMBp)l(eHMQM
lbeMY ce He OApMqe noaJIM ce cMaTpa
Aa je no-
M Aa cy JbYAM KojM ra OKPY)l(yjy
M 060)l(aBaOQM
HeMaqKe.
360r
OBaKBor
0 )J,. JbOTMhy He MO)l(e ce HM M3AaJIeKa rOBopMTM Aa OH y)l(MBa 6M-
JIO KaKBY nonYJIapHOCT
Y TOM Kpajy.
'napTM3aHcKM'
III TO BMllIe, aKO Aol)e KaKBa HapeA6a
0A
cBoje.
y npaBOM
na AO PaBHe fope,
KojM je npe TpM AaHa OTMllIao
)l(apeBaQ,
CaCTaBJbeH je rOTOBO caCBMM OA 'Apa)l(MHoBaQa'
KojM cy KacHMje (no cYK06y
)J,. MMxajJIOBMha
M lberOBMX
nOA A) 0 feHepaJIY
peqMMa
'Apa)l(MHOBaQa'
HeAMhy,
nocTojM
ITo IbMMa M HeAMh
BojCKY y Cp6MjM;
OAJIyqaH
M
M3 JIoHAoHa.
TajHM yroBop
3aBapaBa
llITO 60Jbe cnpeMMTM
he HeMaqKa
CMJIa nOqeTM Ha3aAOBaTM
OBOM IbMXOBOM MMllIJbelbY npMqalbY/
BOAHO no HaJIory Ha PaBHY fopy.
M3Mel)y
HeAMha,
Ma HMjeAHor
KaJIa6Mh,
JIoHAoHa
M
M 3a
M Mo-
M npecYAaH
MOMeHaT
KaA
He 3HaM llITO je Y3POK YTBpl)yje
TMM llITO
aM MMHMCTap AhMMOBMh M paTHor
Ha-
MaTepMjaJIa
MCTMHe He 3HaM.
a TMMe M BeJIMKa BehMHa MMJIaHOBM Aa ce caMO npeMa
Iboj paBHajy.
He-
KOjM He 6M )l(eJIeo M KOjM He Bepyje
y
M MocKBe.
ITa TaKO AOJIa3MMO AO qYAHoBaTMx "napTM3aHa':
r. HeAMha
M 3a jeAHor
Kao Aa je Y3 IbMX, caMO Aa
CJIao nYHe KaMMOHe 0pY)l(ja
JIoHAoHa
ca OHMM
YAapMTM Ha HeMaqKY
M nponaAaTM.
KOJIMKO MMa y TOM npMqalbY
JIoHAoHa
n06eAY
HeMQe
3a Taj Ba)I(aH
CTaHOBHMKa MMJIaHoBQa
CKOPy n06eAY
OqeKyjy
aJIM 3HaM Aa ce TO MMllIJbelbe
nOTIIYKOBHMK
qaHa nOAJIe)l(HM nponaraHAM
JIa HeAMha,
OCTaJIM nponaraTopM
rOCIIoAapa
qac OHAa he 3ajeAHMqKM
6M ce Morao
npoTMB
TM
aJIM HMje TaKO. EBO 06jallIlbelba!
M MMxajJIOBMh
a caAa HeAMh
y ITo-
Y3 r. HeAMha.
Te 3aTO OHM MOry Aa 6YAY M 3aTO OHM M jecy,
CKBe M KaAa Aol)e
je /npeMa
cnaca
oApeA
('paBHoropaQa')
ce caAa nOMMCJIMTM Aa OBMM AOJIa3MM y KOHTpaAMKQMjy
llITO caM peKao
peqM.
Y f. MMJIaHOB-
M3 MMJIaHoBQa
qeTHMKa M KOMYHMCTa) npellIJIM
cy JbYAM M nOCJIe npMJIaCKa Y3 BJIaAY HapoAHor
OHM cy
3HaqelbY
CBYA cy CTpa)l(e feHe-
CTOjaHoBMha
Apyror.
qOBeKa
PYAHMqKM qeTHMqKM
KaneTaHa
MO)l(e
HeMa
Bol)a yqMTeJb PaKMh (KOjM jOllI
y)l(MBa M caAa BeJIMKY nonYJIapHOCT
Pa3YMJbMBO je Aa cy 'APa)l(MHOBQM'
ce TMqe JIMqHOCTM )J,MMMTpMja
nOJIMTMqKa
MMllIJbelba
6MJIM
nOCTaJIM
pa30pY)l(aTM;
YTBPAMJIO KaAa je HeKOJIMKO AaHa nOCJIe pa30pY)l(alba
r. MMJIaHOBaQ MaTepMjaJI
JIaKO ycneJIM
M
aKQMjy M KOjM 6M )l(aJIMO IbMXOBY ca-
cy OMMJbeHM, Kao HM jeAHM ApyrM.
MMxajJIOBMha,
a HMCY ce OA-
A06pOBOJbQM
)J,pa)l(a MMxajJIOBMh
ITpeMa
M cJIa6 KBaJIMTeT TMX A06pOBOJbaQa
Aa cy MX qeTHMQM
je nOCJIe npMllIao
KOjM cy MX pa30pY)l(aJIM).
je
npoAy6MO.
(BaJba 3HaTM Aa cy TO yrJIaBHOM
Hecnoc06HoCT
M qMlbeHMQa
MHoro
pa3JIMKOBaJIM, CBOjMM nOHallIalbeM,
Te cy AO TaAa M OHaKO HeCMMnaTMcaHM
JIYAe Mp)l(lbe.
nOKa3yje
xpa6pollIhy
IToKpeTa:
HapOAY, OHM )l(eJIe A06pa
Ha CBOjOj KO)l(M llITO 3HaqM 'napTM3aH'
npMBp)l(eHMQM
OApeA (aABOKaTa
y f. MMJIaHOBQY,
qeTHMKa KOjM no qMTaB AaH nMjy no KpqMaMa,
JIMKOBaJIM HM HapOqMTOM
je
3aTMM M nponaraH-
M CTaHOBHMKa Tora Kpaja
)J,06POBOJbQM Tor oApeAa ce HMCY MHoro OA pa3Y3AaHMX
HeMaqKOr
pacnoJIo)l(elbe
A06pOBOJbaqKM
ABa MeceQa
M '3EOPY'.
je qOBeK qMjy CMpT )l(eJIe rOTOBO CMB MMJIaHOBqaHM.
paJIa )J,pa)l(e!'
eKcneAMQMjM Koja je nOnaJIM-
OBO aHTM360pallIKo
IbMXOBY HeycneJIY
QY M OKOJIMHM. CTMXOBM: 'OA TonoJIe
Ha Hac je TOJIMKa Aa MHOrM TBpAe Aa cy
nJIOA, jOllI AO HeAaBHO jaKe, KOMYHMCTMqKe nponaraHAe,
JIa3apeBMha),
nJIaheHMQMMa
M Ha A06pOBOJbQe
je MMJIMje Aa BMAe y MMJIaHoBQY
6MJIM 3ajeAHo ca HeMQMMa y Ka3HeHoj
JIa ABe TpehMHe
XMTJIepOBMM npeHeJIa
HallIeM
cy y cpe3Y TaKOBCKOM npOMrpaJIM
KOjM 6M oA06paBao
HMje YXBaheH)
Pa3YMJbMBO je Aa ce je Ta Mp)l(lba
ce)J,. JbOTMhy
MAeja BOAMJba HallIer
KOpMCTM caMO HeMaqKoj:
B)
je npeMa
MHAM
MCTO.
TaKOBCKOM cpe3Y J. H. IT. '3EOP'
npMnMcyje
ITOCTOjM jeAHo anCOJIYTHO Hen03HaBalbe
yrr03HaJIM
B) Y
y npBM Max He cBMl)a OHAa ce
MJIM lberOBM JbYAM. )J,aKJIe OHO llITO
MJIM HenOBepe-
BJIaAe rOTOBO nOTnYHO BJIaAa MMllIJbelbe
M3Aao JbOTMh
He BpeAM (no IbMXOBOM CXBaTaIbY)
'360pallIM
HeMa CHare Aa
aJIM BMllIe HMKaAa. HapoA
3a AhMMoBMha
a 3a M. OJIhaHa
nponaraHAa
cpnCKe BJIaAe 3aMeHM Mp)l(lbOM
caMO jeAHoM
CBMM OCTaJIMM qJIaHOBMMa
TJIepOBaQ,
TaKO MMCJIMM, M Y CBMM KpajeBMMa
CTpaHe BMllIMX BJIaCTM Koja ce cTaHoBHMQMMa TYMaqM Aa je TY HapeA6y
a )l(eJIe n06eAY
a )l(eJIe n06jeAY
JIoHAoHa:'
npOTMBpeqHOcTM: MocKBe;
"APa)l(MHOBQM"
"Apa)l(MHoBQM"
TaKo 1)opl)e
HOBKOBMh.
cy
cy 3a feHepa-
.t
94
95
; Bepa Y n06e.n;y l)eHepaJIa .n;Hh nOKYllIaBa.n;a
MHXaHJIOBHha,
CBeCT 0 TOMe .n;al)eHepaJI
3aBapa HeMQ6.,3apa.n; cp6CKor
IbH aHTHKOMYHH3aM,
OnCTaHKa, H, HapaBHO,
TO je 6HO H CTaB Hapo.n;a, H CTaB CBeTOr HHKOJIaja
Kor, IberOBor "reHHja, CBeQa H xepoja': TaKO 6JIHCKH je.n;HO .n;pyrHMa.
3aTO cy Hapo.n; H HHKOJIaj
o jep;Hoj
He-
neCMH Brrap;HKe HHKorraja
Kpaj)l(Hq-
H .n;aHac
IIOllITO TocaBCKOM MHTH3MY,
cy ce Beh HCTpOllIHJIH
ca CBOjOM npHqOM
rOBOpy (r.n;e je "nope.n;HO XHTJIepa "rpal)aHH"
cy ce OKpeHYJIH Tpa)J(eIbY
MYTHa H CYMIbHBa JIHqHOCT. HeYMopHH "CBeTHTeJb
MHpKO 1)opl)eBHD
ce nOnpaBJba?
MHpKO
1)opl)eBHh
je noqeo
IToXBaJbeH
je H naTpHjapx
.n;P)J(H HeMQe. "CBe Tpe6a
pehH,
H .n;o Kpaja,
H TY, H 3anHIbe
.n;a je enHCKon
HHKOJIaj
ce CnpeMaJIa
y paT npOTHB
XHTJIepa,
peKao.n;a
rOBOp
TJIepa 'KanHja
y CJIOBeHHjH }J;. lhOTJiha
H3BpllIHO
peKaBllIH
QHMa'. IIperOBapaJIO
aJIH Tpe6a
XHTJIep
.n;aje cpehaH
llIToce
HeKaKBe
qeMY ce hYTH.
H OHO .n;pyro - 3HaMO
y KojeM
BJIa.n;y Koja
je ro.n;HHe
Y PYQH 60pHO
1945.
Ha cTpaHH
XH-
H caBe3HHQH
1945,
.n;06pOBOJbaqKOr
3a Kora
je BJIa.n;HKa BepoBao
qeTHHqKHX
o.n;pe.n;a 1)yjHheBHx,
je
"caBe3HHKa"
jYHa-
EO)J(e MHJIH H EO)J(e je.n;HHH, TMHHe 3eMJbY YXBaTHJIe,
Y TMHHaMa 3eMJbY 3anYTaJIe, CpnCKOM
KpBJbY cBHjeT YCTpalliHJIe, cpnCKe npOKJIeTe
rOBOpHJIH
EBpony.
Ka)J(y .n;a je 'KBHHTeceHQa
'OB.n;e Tpe6a
cy TH npBaQH'T
cpncKor
XMMHY Y TOHY aKaTHCTa KOjy je Ta.n;a HHKOJIaj 60pHO Ha CTpaHH XHTJIepa -
Mygpu go6pOaOlbtie,
.n;a 3anOqHe
J1 TO Y anpJ1JIY
arHTnponoBQH
1945.
c .n;OKTOpCKHM
YMa'. Y TO BaJb.n;a y6pajajy CaCTaBHO ,D;. lhOTHhy
J1
KOjH ce
HeCJIOre.
AJI' eBO ce .n;aHac pa3.n;aHHJIO, Po.n; ce cpnCKH
CJIOrOM onacao,
Cje.n;HHHO y TellIKoj 36paTHMHO
Haj60Jbe
IIope.n; OHor cpnCKor IIITO Ha.n; CpnCTBOM (3Haj
HeBOJbH, o.n; 60JbJ1x. BPXOBHHKa, qeTHp'
JbeTa CTpa)J(H,
MY HMe, aJIH ra He Ka)J(H),
CBe 3a CpnCTBO,
UliUo MOlluiUaOM He6eca oiUaapaUl, u EOJ/CujuguaHu yfogHUtie -
ITa Kpaj Ibera
UliUo 3110iUaopegYXOM iiOKopaaaUl."
J1 EO)J(HjH
,D;HMHTpHje,
3a ce HHllIT'
He Tpa)J(H ...
H TH ,D;HMHTpHje, My.n;pH .n;06pOBOJbqe,
.n;HBHH yro.n;HHqe,
IIITO MOJIHTBOM He6eca O.n; CBeTaQa caBe3HHKe
OTBapallI, CTBapallI,
J1 3JIOTBOpe
.n;YXOM nOKopaBallI.
,D;o lhOTHha
BojBo.n;a MOMqHJIO,
OJ MOMqHJIO,
oTBapa':
cy TO .n;eceCHara
H He.n;Hhe-
3a npo.n;ajy
KpeHYTH
THTY,
y OCJI06al)aIbe
KOMYHHCTa. EBO KaKO H3rJIe.n;a Ta neCMa y QeJIHHH:
CBe 360r
dictu - H TO npOTHB ca-
Hero
H 1)ypHllIHheBHx
y KOqeBCKOM Pory),
caBe3HHKOM.
- horribile
He6eca
,D;pa)J(a, na .n;a he, no.n;p)J(aHH
(KOjH cy J1X Y TO BpeMe CnpeMaJIH n06HJIa
o.n; 6e360)J(HHX
Ejexy
Kopnyca
lhOTHhy,
CpOqeHY
CBHX Cp6CKHX HaQHOHaJIHHX
H l)eHepaJI
'BJIa.n;e' - TY cy 6HJIe BojBo.n;e M. 1)yjHh,
XHTJIepOBHM
.n;a "MOJIHTBOM
JeBl)eBHheBHx
npH.n;pY)J(HTH
.n;a6H HX THTOBa BojcKa Cp6Hje
oKynJbaIbY
TeOJIOmje"
y nOCJIe.n;Iboj, Y3aJIy.D;Hoj Ha.n;H,.n;a he ce npHna.n;HHQHMa
BHM .n;06pOBOJbQHMa o.n; HallIHX
y CBOjoj H3jaBH
.n;OHOCHMOje y npHJIory,
o.n;y ,D;HMHTpHjy lhoTHhy,
.n;HTHpaM6 ,D;HMHTpHjy
CTHXOBH nocBeheHH
1945,
1)opl)eBHh,
2003. -
KOHcpY3Hje 3a KOjy cy HaUIH "TeOpeTHqapJ1
HeKaKBY HHKOJIajeBY
A Ta neCMa HHje HHKaKaB TepaqKH
Maj
CBe-
HOBHX .n;OKa3a.n;a je HHKOJIaj
MHpKO
cy
a BJIa.n;HKa HHKOJIaj
HaJIa3H 'Mel)y HaQHOHaJIHHM
ce H ca PYCKHM reHepaJIOM,
KOjH cy Beh J1MaJIH OCJI060l)eHY
/{UMuiUpuje,
H 0 MHoro
pehH
CpnCKor
ro.n;J1He. ,D;aHac 3aBJIa.n;HKY HJ1KOJIaja IberOBH TJnYJIaMa
.n;a no-
y Majy
nOMHIbe
y CJIOBeHHjH
je Beh 6HO nopa)J(eH
CMOTPY BojHHKa
6HTKa'
CBeT-
383-389, 2006).
no.n;p)J(ao
,D;. lhOTHha,
}J;. JeBl)eBJ1h H .n;pyrJ1 - Koja 6H ce 60pHJIa
I10JIJ1TJ1qKa H BojHa
3a BpeMe ,D;pyror
1941.
npOTJ'IB Tor BH.n;a TOTamnapH3Ma,
A. BJIaCOBHM 0 CTBapaIbY
Be3HHKa
MapTa
KOjH ce C 0pY)J(jeM
cJI060.n;e HallIe'.
60p6y
27.
Ha caxpaHH
je Taj nOJIHTHqap
OKOHqaJIH
cnQ
("Peny6JIHKa"
eBO ra oneT 0 HHKOJIajy:
pehH
o.n;aBHO 3a IberOB
.n;aje
raBpHJIO, jep je o.n;OJIeo CBHM npHTHcQHMa
AJIH, HapaBHo,
Tpe6a
.n;anHllIe
aHTHcpallIHCTa"
29.
.n;e06a" ("BpeMe':
Kao BpXYHCKH npHMep cnoc06HH)
CKor paTa 6HJIa "Ha CTpaHH
HallIHX
0 HHKOJIajeBoM
ca CBeTHM CaB OM") H aHTHce-
CBe TH 3.n;paBO 6HJIO,
97
96 MOM'uma
CJ1CTapOr Ha~MallIJ10.
BJlA,1];J1KA HJ1KOJlAJ J1 3AIIA,1];
TBoja CJIaBaJ1 TBoje jYHallITBO rJIacJ1he ce ~OK 6y~e rycaJIa
BJIap;HKa HHKOJIaj H 3anap;
J1 ~OK 6y~e njeBaqKJ1jex rpJIa. Kpaj MOMqJ1JIa JeBl)eBJ1hy ,[(o6pa, KpB jYHaKa J1 coj CBellITeHJ1Ka, KOJIJ1KOje J1MaO Mer~aHa,
BJIa~J1Ka HJ1KOJIaj HJ1je 6J10 oCTpallIheHJ1
3ana~a"
J1 J1HO-
CJIaBHJ1XKOHeCJ1ja.HanpOTJ1B! Y KIbJ13J1~p MjypJ1eJI XeneJI, n03HaTor
TOJIJ1KOje 3a~06J10 paHa, J1 TOJIJ1KOO~HeO n06e~a. IloKpaj
"HenpJ1jaTelh
6pJ1-
TaHCKor CJIaBJ1CTe, "I,I0PI,I BeJI J1 HJ1KOJIaj BeJIJ1MJ1pOBJ1h - npJ1Qa 0 je~HoM npJ1jaTelhcTBY" (CBeTJ1rOpa, 2003), HaJIa3J1 ce HJ13CBe,n;OQaHCTaBa0 BJIa,n;J1KJ1HOMO,n;HOCYnpeMa aHrJIJ1KaHCKJ1MXpJ1llIhaHJ1Ma J13ana,n;HOM XpJ1llIhaHcTBY
,[(06pe CJIaBHJ11)ypJ1llIJ1hy,
,[(J1BHJ1IlaBJIe, Bor MY ~ao 3~paBlhe, Il06paTJ1M je BojBo~e MOMqJ1JIa
yonllITe,
KOMe je BJIa,n;J1KanpJ1CTynao
C BeJIJ1KJ1MnOllITOBalbeM J1lhy6aBlhY·
J1 n06paTJ1M ~ypMJ1TOpCKJ1X BJ1JIa.
Ilpe,n;roBop 3a KIbJ1ry HanJ1CaO je Ha,n;6J1CKyn BeJIca POBaH BJ1lheMC, ca,n;a1lI1bJ1Ha,n;6J1CKyn KeHTep6epJ1jcKJ1, KOjJ1 Ka)l{e 3a BJIa,n;J1KYHJ1KOJIaja ,n;aje 3a
CBJ1 ce BJ1llIlbeM DOry nOMOJIJ1JIJ1
HeKOJIJ1KOreHepal.\J1ja 6pJ1TaHCKJ1XaHrJIJ1KaHal.\a 6J10 "je,n;aH o,n;HeOCnOpHJ1X
J1 Ha CJIory ~o rpo6a
MOpaJIHJ1X J1 ,n;YXOBHJ1XBeJIJ1KaHa KOjJ1 cy 3ana,n;y nOCBe,n;OQJ1JIJ1HellITO o,n;
3aKJIeJIJ1,
,[(a ce 60pe Kao cpncKa 6paha,
,n;y6J1He J1 J13a30Ba npaBOCJIaBHOr cBeTa': 3a Ibera je "JIJ1KenJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIa-
,[(a ce 60pe 3a cpncKY CJI06o~y,
ja je,n;aH 3HaQajaH JIJ1Ky npJ1QJ1 0 Mo,n;epHoM eBponcKoM
,[(0 BacKpca cpncKoMe
HJ1KOJIaj, Kora HenpecTaHo omY)l{yjy ,n;aje Mp3eo 3ana,n;, KYMoBao je ca QyBeHJ1M CJ1TOHOM-BOTCOHOM,KOjJ1je y BpeMe IlpBor CBeTCKor paTa 6J10 je,n;Ha
Hapo~y.
XpJ1llIhaHcTBY"· Taj
CJIaBa Bory Ha !DeroBY ~apy,
o,n;KlhyqHJ1X JIJ1QHOCTJ1EBpone;
Bor ~a npOCTJ1 6pahy
KOHeCJ1jeKOMe je Ha,n;6J1CKyn KeHTep6epJ1jcKJ1 ,n;03BOJIJ10,n;ace y xpaMY CB.
Bor ~a )l{J1BJ16pahy
J13rJ1HYJIY, 36paTJ1MlheHY.
Taj HJ1KOJIaj je 6J10 npBJ1 jepapx
HeKe ,n;pyre
IlaBJIa 06paTJ1 aHrJIJ1KaHCKJ1MBepHJ1I.\J1Ma; 6J10 je HOCJ1JIal.\KpcTa - O,n;JIJ1KOBalba Koje cy MY eHrJIeCKJ1 I.\pKBeHJ1 ,n;eJIaTHJ1I.\J1ypyqJ1JIJ1 360r Ben;J1KOr no-
XBaJIe cy ynyheHe J11)ypJ1llIJ1hy, CKe CJIore.
l)eHepaJIY ,[(pa)l{J1 J1 qeTHJ1I.\J1Ma 1)yjJ1hy, JeBl)eBJ1hy
a lbOTJ1h je je~aH o~ JIJ1KOBa~eCeTepaqKe
neCMe y CJIaBY cp6-
llITOBalba Koje cy ra rajJ1JIJ1 npeMa lbeMY J1lberoBoj KpajeBJ1Ma CA,[(, o,n; xpaMoBa
3HaqJ1, HJ1je peq HJ1 0 KaKBoj 0~J1 lbOTJ1hy, Hero 0 )l{elhJ1 HJ1KOJIajeBoj ~a ce CBJ1Cp6J1 cje~J1He y 60p6J1 3a CJI060~y o~ 6e360)l{HJ1QKJ1X 3JIOQJ1Hal.\a
paT YHJ1Bep3J1TeTaKoJIYM6J1ja,
KojJ1 cy OCBOjJ1JIJ1BJIaCT y Beorpa~y. HapaBHo, nOllITO je BehJ1Ha ~aHallIlbJ1X "aKTJ1BHJ1X rpal)aHa" ~YXOBHO (a QeCTO J1 TeJIeCHo) nOTOMCTBO TJ1TOBJ1X
o Qap06Hoj
"ocJI060~J1JIal.\a':
OHJ1MOry pehJ1 ~a je HJ1KOJIaj 6J10 CJ1MnaTJ13ep ,,~oMahJ1x
J13~ajHJ1Ka" (Kao llITO cy, BJ1~eJIJ1CMO,~el.\eHJ1jaMa J1npJ1QaJIJ1IbJ1XOBJ1 TJ1TOlhy6J1BJ1 01.\J1). AnJ1, noce6He o~e lbOTJ1hy HJ1je 6J1JIo.
3eMlhJ1 J1 Hapo,n;y; TOKOM
1921, Ha n03J1B AMepJ1KaHal.\a, o,n;p)l{ao je npeKo 140 npe,n;aBalba y pa3HJ1M ,n;o YHJ1Bep3J1TeTa; HOCJ10 je nOQaCHJ1 ,n;OKTOKOjJ1 MY je ,n;o,n;elheHnOCJIe ,[(pyror
CBeTCKor
paTa, Kao "BeJIJ1Koj MOpaJIHoj CHa3J1"; 0 lbeMY je Pe6eKa BeCT rOBOpJ1JIa Kao JIJ1QHOCTJ1QJ1jJ1je eHrJIeCKJ1 6J10 ,n;J1BaH"Kao llITO J1 ,n;OJIJ1Kyje
OHOMe KOjJ1je HeKa,n;a nponOBe,n;ao y KaTe,n;paJIJ1 CB. IlaBJIa': J1H,n;J1jCKJ1neCHJ1K, H06eJIOBal.\ Pa6J1H,n;paHaT Tarope, ,n;y60KO je l.\eHJ10 HJ1KOJIaja, KOjJ1 ra je 6ece,n;OM n03,n;paBJ10 cpe,n;J1HOM,n;Ba,n;eceTJ1Xro,n;J1Ha npOllIJIOr BeKa Ka,n; je Tarope
nOCeTJ10 Beorpa,n;. rO,n;J1He 1957, 14. jaHyapa,
aMepJ1QKJ1 KOHrpec
cBojOM pe30JIYI.\J1joM 6poj 98 J13jaBlhyje cayqellIhe Cp6CKOM Hapo,n;y: "Ilpe,n;CTaBHJ1QKJ1,n;OMCA,[( je npJ1MJ10 ca ,n;y60KoM )l{aJIollIhy CMpT enJ1CKOna HJ1KOJIaja, HajBeher
CJ1Ha HallIer ,n;OcTojHor cpncKor
CaBe3HJ1Ka y ,n;Ba CBeTCKa
paTa J1,n;yxoBHor Bol)e cpncKor Hapo,n;a y JyroCJIaBJ1jJ1. Ilpe,n;cTaBHJ1QKJ1,n;oM OBJ1Mynyhyje cayqellIhe cpncKoM Hapo,n;y 360r ry6J1TKa OBor BeJIJ1KOr,n;YXOBHor Bol)e J1 ,n;OcTojHor CJ1Ha:'
98
99 CMa-
je rrpBO OTKpHO H AOKa3ao Aa cy 3arraAHoeBporrCKH IIIOBHHH3aM H 3arraAHO-
Tpao je HHKOJIaja "HOBHM fpHropHjeM EOrOCJIOBoM': rrpoTojepej AJIeKCaHAap llIMeMaH "HajeMHHeHTHHjHM rrpaBOCJIaBHHM errHCKorrOM ABaAeceTOr
A IIITO ce rrpaBOCJIaBHHXHa 3arraAY THqe, CBeTH JOBaHllIaHrajcKH
eBporrCKH KOCMOrrOJIHTH3aMJIHl.\e H HaJIHqje HCTeCTBapHOCTH: erOl.\eHTpH-
BeKa': .. HHKOJIajeB "OXpHACKH rrpoJIor"
HajoMH1beHHje je AYXOBHO IIITHBO
3Ma POMaHorepMaHa KOjH TBpAe Aa je lbHXOBa KYJITypa HajBHIIIa H YHHBep3aJIHa.
rrpaBOCJIaBHHXAMepHKaHal.\a (Ha eHmeCKH ra je rrpeBeo rrpaBOCJIaBHH EH-
EBO KaKO KHe3 Tpy6el.\KOj Ol.\elbyje 3arraAHoeBporrCKH KOCMOrrOJIHTH-
me3, BJIaAHKaKaJIHCT Bep). qaK H pHMOKaTOJIHqKHTeOJIOrTOMac EpeMep, Y cBOjOj KlbH3H "Bepa, KYJITypa H rrOJIHTHKa" (fpaAHHa, JYHJ1P 1997), Ka)I(e:
3aM:
"BeJIHMHpOBHh yorrIIITe HHje HMao HaMepy Aa CTBOpHBJIaCTHTHeKJIe3HOJIO-
Aa cy peqH 'qOBeqaHCTBO', 'orrIIITeffiYACKa l.\HBHJIH3al.\Hja' H lbHMa CJIHqHe
"IIpH
0l.\eHH eBporrCKor KOCMOrrOJIHTH3MaTpe6a YBeK HMaTH y BHAY
IIIKH rrpHcTyrr. IberoBa HacTojalba JIe>KaJIacy y rraCTOpaJIHoj 06JIaCTH, rAe je
Kpajlbe HeTaqHH H3pa3H H Aa ce H3a lbHX cKpHBajy caCBHM oApe1)eHH eT-
rroKymao Aa Ha1)e>KHB,AHHaMHqaH HaqHH Aa O>KHBHrrpaBOCJIaB1be.Ho, H3
Horpalj>CKH rrojMoBH. EBporrCKa KYJITypa HHje KYJITypa qOBeqaHCTBa. To je
Tora cy rrpOH3aIIIJIe lj>opMe rrpaBOCJIaBHel.\pKBeHocTH YHYTap cprrcKor rrpa-
rrpoH3BoA HCTopHje oApe1)eHe eTHHqKe rpyrre. fepMaHcKa H KeJITCKarrJIeMe-
BOCJIaB1baKoje cy rrOCTaJIe Ba)I(He 3a HCTOpHjy eKJIe3HOJIOrHje H TeOJIOrHje Te l.\pKBe:'
Type H CHJIHOce H3MeIIIaJIa Me1)y C060M, CTBOpHJIacy H3BeCTaH 3ajeAHHqKH
TaKaB HHKOJIaj ce ype3HBao y cpl.\a 3arraAHHX JbYAH, a HaIIIH jaAHH rraJIaHaqKH MYApal.\H TO HJIH He 3Hajy HJIH rrpehYTKyjy.
HaqHH >KHBOTa0A eJIeMeHaTa cBoje Hal.\HOHaJIHeH pHMCKe KYJIType. OHa cy YCJIeAorrIIITHX eHTorpalj>CKHX H reorpalj>CKHX YCJIOBaAyro >KHBeJIajeAHHM
AJIH, HHKOJIaj ce HHKaA HHje AOABopaBao 1bYAHMa Ha 3arraAY. OH je lbHMa rOBopHO (CBeAOqH 6HCKyrr I,IopI,l EeJI): "MH rroIIITyjeMo
Ha, Koja cy ce y pa3JIHqHToj rrpOrrOpl.\HjH rroABpraBaJIa YTHl.\ajy pHMcKe KYJI-
orrIIITHM >KHBOTOM,a y lbHXOBOj cy HCTOpHjH H CBaKOAHeBHl.\H,3axBa1byjy-
BaIIIY AeMO-
hH CTaJIHoj Me1)yco6Hoj KOMYHHKal.\HjH, 3ajeAHHqKH eJIeMeHTH6HJIH TOJIHKO
KpaTHjy - TO je Ao6po; OHa je 3aCHOBaHa Ha xpHIIIhaHCKHM HaqeJIHMa, aJIH
3HaqajHH, Aa je ocehalbe pOMaHorepMaHCKor jeAHHcTBa HeCBeCHOYBeK >KHBe-
TO HHje AOB01bHO.BH Tpe6a Aa ce 06paTHTe Eory." 3a pa3JIHKY OA H3BeCHHX
JIOy lbHMa. C BpeMeHOM, Kao H KOA TOJIHKHXApyrHX HapOAa, H KOA lbHX ce
eBpo1by6HBHX eBporrolj>HJIa (HHje rrJIeOHa3aM,Hero YKa3HBalbe Ha BPCTYApare HM BaJIYTe), KojHMa je CBaKa, rra H OBa, aMepHKaHH30BaHa H rrOHH>KeHa
ca crrOMeHHl.\HMa pHMCKe H rpqKe KYJIType H36al.\HJIOje Ha rrOBpIIIHHY HAejy
rrpo6YAHJIa >Ke1ba3a rrpoyqaBalbeM
H3BopHIIITa cBoje KYJIType. Yrr03HaBalbe
EBporra, 601ba OA CBera UITO je Cp6CKO HaCJIe1)e,HHKOJIaj je 6HO 3aTOqHHK
HaAHal.\HOHaJIHe,CBeTCKel.\HBHJIH3al.\Hje, HAejy CBojcTBeHY rpqKO-pHMCKOM
rrpaBe, xpHIIIhaHCKe EBporre, Koja Tpe6a Aa HIIIqe3He ca XOpH30HTa caBpeMe-
CBeTY. 3HaMO Aa je H Ta HAeja TaKo1)e 6HJIa 3aCHOBaHa Ha eTHorpalj>CKo-re-
He HCTopHje, jep TaKO >KeJIelbeHH KOMecapH HcrroA >KYTHXrreTOKpaKa, HCTO
orpalj>CKHM Y3pOl.\HMa. IIOA 'l.\eJIHM CBeTOM'y PHMY cy, HapaBHO, rrOApa3Y-
OHaKOKaKO cy 601bIIIeBHqKH KOMecapH HcrrOA rreTOKpaKe l.\pBeHe HacTojaJIH Aa YMeCTOPYCHje HarrpaBe COBjeTcKH CaBe3.
MeBaJIH caMO orbis terrarium,
* TO jecT
Mopa, HJIH Ha lbeMY rpaBHTHpajyhHM
HapOAe HaCe1beHeOKOCpeA03eMHor rroAPyqjHMa,
KOjH cy YCJIeA CTaJIHe
Me1)yco6He KOMYHHKal.\Hje H3rpaAHJIH HH3 orrIIITHX KYJITypHHX BpeAHOCTH H KojH cy ce, Ha Kpajy, yjeAHHHJIH 6JIarOAapehH HHBeJIHpajyheM YTHl.\ajy rpq-
,IJ;BaHHKOJIaja - Tpy6eU;Koj
H BeJIHMHpOBHD
Ke H pHMCKe KOJIOHH3al.\Hje H pHMCKe BojHe BJIaAaBHHe. EHJIO KaKO 6HOO, aHTHqKe KOCMOrrOJIHTCKeHAeje rrOCTaJIe cy y EBporrH OCHOB06pa30Balba.
ABaAeceTHX rOAHHa ABaAeceTor BeKa, PYCKH rrJIeMHh, KHe3 HHKOJIaj Tpy6el.\Koj,
o6jaBHo je, rrOCJIeY>Kaca IIpBor
CBeTCKor paTa, KlbHry "EBporra
IIaBIIIH Ha rrorOAHO TJIOHeCBeCHor ocehalba pOMaHorepMaHCKor jeAHHcltl, OHe cy H3pOAHJIe TeopHjcKe OCHOBeTaK03BaHor eBporrCKor 'KOCMOrrOJIHTH-
H qOBeqaHCTBO': Koja je H AaHac He3ao6HJIa3Ha JIeKTHpa 3a CBe H3yqaBa-
3Ma', KojH 6H rrpaBHJIHHje 6HJIO oTBopeHo 3BaTH oUtuWepoMaHofepMaHcKuM
Ol.\e CJIO>KeHOrH 60JIHO TparHqHOr
tu08UHU3MOM.
rrp06JIeMa eBpOrrOl.\eHTpH3Ma, KOjH je
qOBeqaHCTBY AOHeo TOJIHKOHeB01ba H KOjH jOIII YBeK HHje pa3peIIIeH. KaA ce lberOBe peqH rrpOqHTajy, OHe 3Byqe aKTyeJIHO Kao HHKaAa. Ha 3arraAY
ETO peaJIHHX HCTOpHjcKHX OCHOBaeBporrcKHx KOCMOrrOJIHTCKHXTeopHja. IICHXOJIOIIIKa OCHOBaKOCMOrrOJIHTH3MaHCTa je, AaKJIe, Kao H OCHOBa
Beh Ael.\eHHjaMa rrocTojH XYMaHHCTHqKa AHCl.\HrrJIHHa3BaHa "cTYAHje KYJI-
IIIOBHHH3Ma. To je BpcTa OHe HeCBeCHerrpeApaCYAe, OHe rroce6He rrCHXOJIO-
Type~ Koja ce, yrJIaBHOM H3 JIeBHqapCKHX rrepcrreKTHBa, 6aBH KYJITypHHM
rHje, KOjy je Haj601be Ha3BaTH efou,eHwpU3MOM.
rrapaAHrMaMa H lbHXOBOM (3JIo)yrrOTpe6oM y 6op6aMa 3a APymTBeHY Moh. IIpaBocJIaBHH rrpeTeqa "cTYAHja KYJIType" CBaKaKOje KHe3 Tpy6el.\Koj, KOjH
* Kpyr
3eMalba (naT.).
qOBeK C japKo H3pa>KeHOM
100 erOl..\eHTpHqHOM
rrCHXOJIOrHjoM
Kp}'HOM CTBapalba, Apyra
6Hha,
llIHje
Haj60JbHM
0A CBWX 6Hha. 113Me~y ABa
60Jbe je OHO Koje MY je 6JIH:>Ke H Koje BHllIe
OHO Koje MY je AaJbe. 360r
caM rrpHrraAa,
TOra cBaKy
rOB CTaJIe:>K, lberOB HapOA, lberOBO OCTaJIHX, lbHMa CJIHqHHX. "
KO oCTBapyjy
JeAHocTaBHo:
rpyrry
IherOBa
rrJIeMe, lberOBa
paca
6Hha
a JIO-
ce H 'TarrKaJIH'
lbe-
Ha orrllITY
- 60JbH cy OA CBHX
CBOj KOJIeKTHBHH erOl..\eHTpH3aM
jOllI
H Ka-
y cBeTY?
Jbe, HH rope
HCTHqe Aa pYCKa H Apyre
0A pOMaHorepMaHcKe; je OCHOBHO rrpaBo
-
HOpMaJIaH
:>KaBHOM opraHH3al..\HjoM,
rr06eAHTH
He3arraAHe
rrpHxBaTajy
pa3JIHqHTe. jep,
HapoA
pa3JIHKyjy
y cBeTY, a HapoqHTO
- ,,}'HHBep3aJIHa
MaTepHjaJIHe rrapl..\HjaJIHO,
H3rpaAHJIH
cBoje
je YKa3ao
BojHe
orrpeMe
"YHHBep3aJIHe"
pOMaHorepMaHCKO
Tpy6el..\KOj
y "XHrrH03H
peqH':
"Beh
POMaHorepMa-
Aa Y3 rrpOH3BOAe
HJIH MeXaHHqKe
lbHXOBO
CMO 60JbH OA "AHBJbaKa': ,ll;pyrH
H rrojaM
eBOJIYI..\Hje
Moh. EBO llITa 0 TOMe BeJIH
Ha TO KaKO je CXBaTalbe 0A CBHX KYJITypa
3aCHOBaHO Ha erOl..\eHTpHqKoj je rrpeTrrOCTaBKa
0 HajBHllIeM
T060:>Ke HayqHO
YTeMeJbelbe,
rrCHXOJIOmjH. caBpllIeHCTBY
eTHOJIOrHjH,
caMa rrpO:>KeTa erOl..\eHTpH3MOM. - CBe cy OBO Ay60KO
Tpy6el..\Koj,
TaKot)e
0 eBOJIYI..\HjH
erOl..\eHTpHqKH
0 TOMe Aa je pa3Boj
rrojMoBH.
AHBJbaKa.
)l{HBoT
HeAocTyrrHor
OAHOCY Ha 'T060:>Klber OCHoBHa
y EBporrH
je Aa ce 60pHMO
I1BaH I1JbHH, jeAaH OA HajBehHx
H KYJITypHOj
HCTOpHjH,
JIeCTBHl..\a', 'cTyrrlbH
t
H
pa3Boja'
3aTo
Y OCHOBH lbHXOBOj HaJIa3H ce
JbYACKor pOAa HlIIao
H HAe rrYTeM TaK03BaHor
3aBpllIHo
~
rrpoTHB
Cl!eOrrllITe
3arraAa.
je CBOjy CTYAHjy rr03HBOM
ApeBHe
KYJIType
- Maje
I..\HBHJIH30BaHOCTH BpllIH
qHHHOl..\a
"HayqHor
H I1HKe. ce y CKJIa-
rrocMaTpalba".
CHJIa - rr06e~yjeMo
"AHBJbaKe"
- "AHBJbaI..\H"
JIOBl..\a y a
rrpallIYMH
Aa je EBpOrrJbaHHH
jep
He pa3YMejy
AJIH,
HHCY y CTalbY Aa rrpoHHKHY
je jacHa:
0A POMaHorepMaHa.
HHI..\H, HH yqHTeJbH ce6H:'
KojH cy caCBHM YCBOjHJIH
H 3aTO cy "myrrH".
EBpOrrJbaHHHY
y
OHOM BHAY, Y KojeM OHa rro-
3a
EBpOrrJba-
KaKO Ka:>Ke y KYJITypHe TOJIHKO je
qeCTO y60mjH
y
AHBJbaKa":
Te3a KHe3a HHKOJIaja
HH 60JbH, HH ropH
I..\HBHJIH3al..\Hje A06HJIa
jeAHor
OBor TeMeJba caMO rrpHBHAHa.
aHTpOrrOJIOrI1jH 'EBOJIYTHBHa
"HH EBpOrrJbaHH
3arraAHoeBporrCKa
HapOAH CJIHqHH EBpOrrJbaHHMa,
je HCTO TaKO "y6eAJbHB" rrojMoBe,
rrYH 3Halba
KYJI-
Ha 3eMJbH
Kao llITO je rr03HaTO, eBporrCKe
aJIH je HayqHocT
CTBap je y TOMe Aa je rrpeACTaBa
rrpeACTaBa
Aa je pOMaHorepMaHCKa
Koje cy HKaAa rrocTojaJIe
3a TO je, rrOHaBJbaMO,
apryMeHT
"eBO-
I..\HBHJIH3aI..\HjH. Ty je erol..\eHTpHqHa
KJbyqHor
H3BeCHe pOMaHorepMaHCKe
rrojMoBe
je YKa3aHO
CTojH y eBporrcKoj
aprYMeHT
YJIory
fJIaBHH
rrOpeKJIO.
Ha TO Aa cy POMaHorepMaHH
pOMaHorepMaHcKoj
MO:>Ke
cy jeAHocTaBHo
caMe ce6e". I1crroA
HaJIa3e ce HapoAH
rra jY:>KHOaMepHqKe
OAHrpaJIa
eBOJIYI..\Hje, Kao
a He rro HeKaKBOM
"EBpOrrJbaHH
rrpOmaCHJIH
Tora cy "AHBJbaI..\H". Ol..\eHa HeqHje
rrCHXOJIOrHja
H
HapoAa
HCTpa:>KHBalbe KYJITypa
rrpaBO Aa TBpAe Aa je 6allI
eBOJIYI..\Hje qOBeqaHCTBa
AY ca CJIHqHOllIhy
KYJIcBoje
Ha Taj
pa3MoTaHY
0 eBOJIYI..\HjH KYJITypa TaqHa, 0Aa-
Bpx}'Hal..\
HarrpaBe
HAeje, MacKHpajyhH
Aa 6H HaMeTHYJIH CBojy HMrrepHjaJIHY
HajcaBpllIeHHja
HCTHqe Aa 06jeKTHBHO
HayqHHI..\HMa
A3HjaTH,
qOBeqaHCTBO,
pa3HHX
<pa3e orrllITe
qH-
rrYTa CBeTCKor rrporpeca:'
BPX eBOJIYI..\HOHOr HH3a? To jecT,
IIocJIe
PYCKH
Typa
KYJITypa
rra KYJITypHH
rrorJIeA
y MecTY.
y l..\eJIHHH rrpeACTaBJba
lbHXOBY KYJITYPY. 3aTHM, ApeBHH KYJITypHH
llIOBHHH3aM,
H Aa je lbHXOBa
CTOjH H 'TarrKa'
Kao pa3JIHqHTe
y
AaJbe, 3aycTaBJbaJIH
MO:>KeMOAa cameAaMo
caMO rro CJIHqHOCTH H pa3JIHKaMa,
KJIe eBporrCKHM
C AP-
KOCMOrrOJIHTH3aM?
Aa cy OHH qOBeqaHCTBO,
("rrpeAMeTe
rroAMehy
HapoA
qOBeqaHCTBO
TaKo~e
3aYCTa-
'TarrKajyhH
rrYTa, KOjHM je rrpOllIJIO
JIYTHBHOM HH3Y': QeKa H aKO je rrpeACTaBa
}'HHllITaBalbe
HapoAH
Ha lbHMa
Aa ce rrp06Hjy
qOBeqaHCTBa,
eTarrH
eTarre 3ajeAHHqKOr
Aa HX rpyrrHllIe
Ha
H oCTajaJIH
rrOHeKH 3aOCTaJIH HapoA,
Ha, TBpAe caMH EBpOrrJbaHH,
I..\HBHJIH3aI..\Hja': Aa cy ycrreJIH
KYJIType
3a KpeTalbe"),
AorrycTHTH
pOMaHorepMaHCKH
CTBap je, KaKO Ka:>KeKHe3 Tpy6el..\KOj,
Typa
IIpaBo
rro PYCKOM KHe3Y
rrpaBa JIHHHja. Qo-
TaqKH HTA. 113 OBora CJIeAH Aa, 6al..\HBllIH
ce jeAHa OA APyre 6allI
Tpy6el..\KOj
y HMe aCHMHJIaI..\Hje, rra MaKap H ca HeKHM
pOMaHorepMaHCKH
HH cy 6HJIH TOJIHKO YBepeHH
YBeK CTojH
pa3JIHqHTe
HHCY HH 60-
JbYAH H HapoAa,
AJIH, aKO HHKO He :>KeJIHAa rrpHXBaTH 3allITO
KYJIType
TaqKaMa
CJIHKY AaHac rrocTojeher
Ha KOMaAe H3pe3aHY
CBaKH HapoA,
OHe cy, rrpocTo,
He MO:>Ke A06pOBOJbHO
cBoje Hal..\HOHaJIHe
Ha cJIeAehoj
Kao OApe~eHa
aJIH cy ce rrojeAHHH
HapOAH ycrreBaJIH
HaqHH Kao Aa caBpeMeHo
CHJIOM. Jep, "CHJIOM je Moryhe
,ll;PYfAQI1JOCT
JIHHHjH,
lbeHHM
MeCTY', AOK cy ApyrH
aJIH je qHTaBo pOMaHorepMaHcKo rrJIeMe y l..\eJIHHH TOJIHKO KHO,Aa ra CHJIOM He MO:>Kerr06eAHTH HHKO': Tpy6el..\Koj
OBaj ce rrYT 3aMHllIJba
HAe rro TOj rrpaBoj
BJbaJIH Ha OApe~eHHM
KojHMa
rropOAHl..\a,
CBeTCKor rrporpeca. BeqaHCTBO
TaBY eBOJIYI..\Hjy, jep Ha cBaKoj
HaMehy
CBOjy rrpeMoh
JIHqH Ha lbera,
rrpHpOAHY
oBaj qOBeK CMaTpa HajcaBpllIeHHjoM.
A KaKO POMaHorepMaHH
I
HeCBeCHO CMaTpa ce6e l..\eHTpOM BaCeJbeHe,
H HajcaBpllIeHHjHM
101
MH
MH, He3arraAHH CMO APyraqHjH,
eBpOrreH3al..\Hje.
YMoBa pycKor
"EBporra
H qOBeqaHCTBO"
ca MajMYHcKHM
HHCMO
I1JIH, KaKO je rOBopHo
XX BeKa: "MH
MH CMO yqeHHI..\H XpHCTOBH
3a 06paqYH
HapoAH,
H AY:>KHOCT HaM
HHCMO HH yqe-
H yqHTeJbH caMHMa
HHKOJIaj
rrOApa:>KaBalbeM
Tpy6el..\Koj 3arraAHo-
I""
103
102 eBponCKHX
Bpe.n;HOCTH. !heroBH
3a.n;aQH, .n;aTH KaO 3aKJbyqaK,
JIaMa. CBera
"MHTeJIHreHQHja jy .n;a CTprHe
eBpOneH3HpaHHX
nOBe3 KOjH CY joj
6YHHJIa pOMaHOrepMaHCKe
HapO.n;a MOpaJIa 6H ca CBOjHX OqH-
HaMeTHYJIH
POMaHOrepMaHH
H OCJI060.n;H ce
H.n;eOJIOrHje. OHa MOpa .n;apa3YMe
CaCBHM jacHo,
qOBeqaHCTBa, eTHOrpa
KYJITypa
anCOJIYTHO, HHje KYJITypa
OrpaHHqeHe
HapO.n;a, 06je.n;HlbeHHX
- .n;aje CaMO 3a TY O.n;pel)eHY rpyny CKa KYJITypa
cy BHllIe
H O.n;pel)eHe eTHHqKe
HapO.n;a, KOjH cy je CTBOpHJIH, eBpOn-
HHje 'BHllIa'
CTBOpeHe O.n;CTpaHe .n;pyre eTHOrpa
O.n;6HJIO Koje .n;pyre
rpyne,
jep 'BHIlIHX'
- .n;aCTOra YCBajalbe
HeMa, Beh HMa CaMO KYJITypa
H HapO.n;a KOjH
KYllType
O.n;CTpaHe HapO.n;a KOjH
He npe.n;CTaBJba anCOJIYTHO .n;06po H
HeMa HHKaKBe 6e3YCJIOBHe MOpaJIHe OCHOBe; YCBajalbe
pOMaHorepMaHCKe
yonIlITe),
YCBajalbe
Koje 6H oMoryhHJIO
YKopaK
caMO npeKO aHTpOnOJIOIliKe MO npH aHTpOnOJIOIliKOM
MellIaBHHe
YTanalbY
nomYHor
'CTaTHKa' KYllType, BpeMeHH
cTynalb
KYJIType
(Kao
.n;a ce H .n;aJbe
C POMaHorepMaHHMa,
IlITaBHllIe
ca-
MellIaBHHe KYJIType,
C POMaHorepMaHHMa npH
KojeM
MO-
ce YCBaja caMO
aJIH He H lbeHa '.n;HHaMHKa', Tj. Hapo.n; KojH je YCBOjHO caeBponCKe
KYJIType
6HBa Hecnoc06aH
OBe KYJIType
Mopa
.n;aje .n;aJbe pa3BHja
H3HOBa .n;a npeygHMa
H o.n;
POMaHorepMaHa;
caMOCTaJIHOr
YCJIOBHMa oBaj
KYJITypHor
TBOpHTH ce y MajMYHa
CTBapaJIalliTBa KOjH HenpeCTaHO
- .n;ahe YCJIe.n;TaKBor repMaHHMa, pa3Boja
Tj. YCBajahe
pa3Boja
HahH y Heyro.n;HoM,
Hapo.n; Mopa
y nomYHOCTH
no.n;pa)KaBa
qHHHJIO anCOJIYTHHM - .n;06apa eBponCKe
llpeoKpeT H36e)KHO
QHje'
noje.n;HHe eTane
nOJIo)Kajy,
npe-
3a POMaHO-
IbHXOBa KYJITypHor
y MaTepHjaJIHoj
Ka.n;je
OHa, Koja je nOBepaBaJIa
y KOCMOnOJIHTH3aM
OCJIOHQe lberOBe
eBponeH3HpaHHX
eBponcKoj
'EBpOnJbaHe'
H .n;YXOBHOj 3a-
- .n;aHa Taj HaqHH eBponeH3aQHja
npe.n;cTaBJba aucollyiUHo 31103a CBaKH
CBora
Hapo.n;a
HaCHJIHO pYllIehH
caM06HTHe
KYJIType.
KYJITypH He CMao CBora, Hero H cyce.n;areHTH
pOMaHorepMaHCTBa.
KaKO eBponeH3aQHja 6e30qHY
H TpHjYM<paJIHH
caMH POMaHorepMaHH
H '.n;06pa QHBHJIH3a-
KYJITypH,
conCTBeHe,
06MaHY,
npe.n;CTaBJba an-
npecTahe
noxo.n; 'QHBHJIH3aQHje'
6e3 no.n;pllIKe
.n;a nOMa)Ky
he MopaTH
Beh eBponeH3HpaHHX
Hapo.n;a He caMO .n;ahe npecTaTH
he ce nOCTapaTH npaBe
cYIliTHHe
KIbHra KIbHre
CBOjy rpellIKY,
HHKOJIaja
Tpy6eQKoja,
rOBor
"EBpona
POMaHorepMaHHMa,
H .n;pyrHM Hapo.n;HMa
Cp6cKor
"KP03
TaMHHqKH
"aHTHeBponcKa':
Hero
OqH y Be3H
EBpona
qaK Ha3BaHa
paQHoHaJIH3Ma
H .n;YllIa MCToKa",
CBeTonome.n;Hor
je, nonYT pHMOKaTO-
"OeJIOM ,neMoHHjoM':
np03peJIH HeMaQ,
CTaBa. KIbHra
YOCTa-
Kao TajHY 60roo.n;cTynHHcy MHorH. BepHep
Kora cy HaQHCTH y6HJIH
H )KHBOTHOr
np030p"
Y Iboj je 6HBIlIa
CBeTCKor paTa, TajHY EBpone
IlITBa H aHTHxpHllIhaHcKor
KIbHre
CBHX Ha-
Beh eBponeH3H-
'.n;06apa QHBHJIH3aQHje'."
JIHqKa H npOTeCTaHTCKa JIOM, YOqH ,npyror
.n;anOMa)Ky
.n;a HX OMeTY, oTBapajyhH
CBeTor
HHKOJIaja
HHTeJIeKTyaJIQH
.n;ace
Hapo.n;a
Hehe 6HTH y cTalbY .n;aHaCTaBe no.n;YXBaT .n;YXOBHor nOp06JbaBaiba po.n;a CBeTa. Jep, CXBaTHBIlIH
Jep
eBponeH3aQH-
Hapo.n;a HIlIJIH cy H .n;aJbe y OBOM npaBQY
COJIYTHO 3110, a KOCMOnOJIHTH3aM
npeKHHe:
eBponeH3aQHje.
H 'cTarHaQHjoM'
HHX Hapo.n;a. Ha Taj HaqHH OHH cy 6HJIH maBHH
POMaHorepMaHHMa
Hapo.n;a He-
H 6HlIa cnpOBo.n;HHK
Taj Hapo.n; eBponcKoj
CBe BeKOBHMa YTBpl)eHe
OBO MOqaK BeOMa
HeouxogHO.
ce Ha.n; '3aOCTaJIOllIhy'
.n;a npHKJbyqH
'QHBHJIH3aQHje'.
3a CTBap CBeonllITe
Ta HHTeJIHreHQHja
H Ca)KaJIHBIlIH
Hapo.n;a. OHora IlITO
HepoMaHorepMaHcKHx
Je.n;aH o.n; IbHX 6HO je H npaBOCJIaBHH
Hapo.n;;
6e3 je .n;a
npeOKpeT,
To je TelliKO yqHHHTH,
H aucollyiUHo
y CBeCTH HHTeJIHreHQHje
MHTeJIeKTyaJIQH
BHCHOCTH o.n; IbHX;
HepoMaHorepMaHcKH
pa.n;HKallHo.
he nOCTaTH cy.n;60HocaH
je, ynpaBo
nOTnYHH
npe.n;CTaBJba CXBaTaibe peJIaTHBHOCTH
TeIlIKO, aJIH je HCToBpeMeHo
POMaHorepMaHe;
Te he ce y O.n;HOCYHa npHpo.n;He
nOTqHlbeHOM
o.n;pehH
H )KHBeTH Kao 0.n;pa3 EBpone,
.n;aTH Hapo.n; YBeK '3aocTajaTH'
H nOHaBJbaTH
yseK ca 3aKallilbelbeM,
llOTpe6HO
HepOMaHorepMaHCKHX
ce paHHje
paHHx
- .n;a ce y TaKBHM
OqHCTHTH.
6HJIO KaKBHX KOMnpOMHca:
HHTeJIHreHQHje
AKO ca.n;a CXBaTe H .n;y60KO cn03Hajy
.n;aTor Hapo.n;a y POMaHorepMaHe;
YCBajalba
CBaKY HOBY H3MeHY eJIeMeHaTa
o.n; Koje je Tpe6a
OBor npeOKpeTa
H 6aBHJIH ce npHBJIaqelbeM
C Hapo.n;HMa KOjH cy je CTBOpHJIH, Moryhe
- .n;aje 6e3 TaKBe aHTpOnOJIOIliKe caMO cyporaT
llOTpe6HO
6e3 6HJIO KaKBHX YKpaca,
CYllITHHY
HacTOjaJIa
opraHCKO
TBOpH y .n;yxy OBe KYJIType
ryh
y nCHXOJIOrHjH
CBe.n;o ca.n;a je ynpaBo
pOMaHOrepMaCHKe
y lbeHOM CTBapalbY
- .n;a je nOTnYHO
CBHM CH-
Beh .n;y6HHCKH; He
.n;O)KHBeTH, npeTpneTH.
H OqeBH.n;Ha nOCTaHe HeMoryhHoCT
peBOJIYQHjy
H 'HH-
HJIH Malbe CJIHqHH je.n;HH .n;pyrHMa;
H CBaKe Tyl)e KYJIType
H oceTHTH,
pa .n;a6y.n;e cnpOBe.n;eHO Kpajlbe
H HapO.n;a yonllITe
60pHTH
CBeCTaH He nOBpllIHO
CBe OBO, KaKO CMO Hanpe.n; HCTaKJIH, npeTnOCTaBJba
HlIH
06aBe3Ha;
HHCY yqecTBOBaJIH
caMO nOCTaTH CBeCTaH, Hero
qHTaBOr
3aje.n;HHqKOM HCTOpHjOM:
- .n;a OHa HH y qeMY HHje CaBpllIeHHja,
:>l
nOCTaTH
paT HeK je paT.
HHje HelliTO
Beh CaMO TBOpeBHHa rpyne
Tpe6a
je .n;a ce HCTHHa nOKa)Ke y CBOj CBOjOj HarOTH,
jacHa
- .n;a cy je .n;0 ca.n;a 06MaIbHBaJIH: - .n;aeBpOnCKa
Tora
OCTaTaKa OHe BeJIHKe 06MaHe,
qBPCTO H HenOBpaTHO:
KYJIType,
-.n;a ce C OBHM 3JIOM MO)Ke, a KaKO H3me.n;a, H Tpe6a
H .n;aHaC CY
aKTyeJIHH:
lIIy6apT, ynpaBo
lIIy6epoTBa
ayTOp 360r
Ibe-
ce npBH
nYT
."".,:
~,
:~~.
105
104 nojaBHna 1939. rO):lHHe Y IllBajQapcKoj, H3):1aBaHaY XHTnepoBoj
HHje CBe. HarrpoTHB, KynTypa je HcrrO):l
OHora HajBa:>KHHjer - HcrrO):lBepe y Eora H :>KHBJbelbarro 3aKoHY EO:>KjeM.,D;a
HeMaqKoj.
OCHoBHa TeMa Illy6apToBe H PycHje. ITpH6amHqKH
A 3allITo? 3aTo llITO KynTypa
H Y HeKonHKO HaBpaTa HneranHO je
je EBporra OCTana xpHllIhaHcKa,
KlbHre je cYK06 3ana):la H J1cToKa, EBpone
XBanHna 6H ce XpHCTOM, a He KynTypOM, H
A3Hja H A
HeMaQ, aYTop OBor ):lena, He):lBOCMHCneHOcTaje Ha
cTpaHY PycHje, TBp):lehH ):Iahe Y:>KaCHKOMYHH3ManpohH, H ):Iahe HacTynHTH
XBane ,,):IenHMa PYKY CBOjHX, CBOjOM KynTypOM, Hero HeqHM llITO cMaTpajy
):I06a y KOMe he OHa nOHOBO3a6nHCTaTH: ,,3ana):l je nOKnOHHO qOBeqaHCTBY
BHllIHM 0):1ce6e, yrrpaBo HajBHllIHM y CBeTY': ITo CBeTOM HHKonajy, EorOM 3arrOBe~eHa MHcHja EBpona 6Hna je CBe-
HajcaBpllIeHHje <popMe TeXHHKe, ):Ip:>KaBHOCTH H KOMynHKaQHja, anH ra je nH-
):IOqelbe XpHCTa CBHM HapO):lHMa. YMeCTO Tora, EBporra je KpeHyna rrYTeM
llIHO ):Iyme. 3a):laTaK PYCHje je ):IanOBpaTH ):Iymy y JbY):le':Ka:>KeOH. Illy6apT
HMrrepHjanHor HaMeTalba cBoje BOJbe,H rrOHHlbaBalba
je BepOBaO):la EBpona, yryrneHa CBOjOMKpTHqlbaqKOM QHBH-
OCTaTKaCBeTa. J1 MH-
nH3aQHjoM, CTpeMH PyCHjH, MaKap H nO):lCBeCHO,jOllI 0):1):I06a HanoneOHa.
CHOHapelbe peqH EO:>KjeTY je cXBaheHO Kao HaMeTalbe CBOf
PaTOBH H peBonyQHje HMajy HeKaKaB npOBH):IeHQHjanHH CMHcao; 60JbllIeBH-
OEPACU;A,
KYJITYPHOf
YHH<popMHcalbe CBeTa. KHe3 Tpy6eQKoj je 0 TOMe rrHcao y CBOM
3aM y PYCHjH CTpeMH ):IaYHHllITH eBponCKY KynTYPY, anH aKO 6H ce EBpona
orne):ly "BaBHnOHCKa Kyna H rrOMeTeHOCTje3HKa': Eor je rrOMeo je3HKe Hapo-
3arne):lana y nHQe 60JbllIeBH3Ma, "oTKpHna 6H y H):IejaMa 60JbllIeBHKa cBoje
):IHMaH pacejao HX rrOCBY):laynpaBo ):Ia6H CrrpeqHO ynH
conCTBeHe H):Ieje':
pa3nHqHTe - H Tpe6a ):Ia 6Y):ly pa3nHqHTe. 3aTO ITpaBocnaBHa
U;pKBa HHKa):l HHje HaMeTana HeKH TOTanHTapHH KynTypHH MO):len: OHa je
CaBpeMeHH eBponcKH qOBeK je npoMeTejcKH - OH "CTpeMH ):IaHCKJbyqH qy):lo H cnyqaj, ):Ia HpaQHoHanHo paCTaBH Ha H3MepHBe BenHqHHe, ):Ia HllI-
):IOHOCHnacaMO Bepy, a nOKanHe KynType cy oCTajane caM06HTHe, rrpe06pa-
qyna H3 npHpO):le lbeHe TajHe. OH rne):la Ha CBeT Kao Ha MallIHHY KojOM ce
:>KaBajyhH ce CBeTnollIhy XPHCTOBOM.
ynpaBJba H Kao Ha opraHH3aQHjy
fpex EBporre je y O):lCTynalbY 0):1Je):lHHeU;pKBe XpHCTOBe - ITpaBocnaB-
KOjOM ce PYKOBO):lH.OH QeHH TeXHHKY, a
npe3Hpe penHrHjy':
He. ITaBllIH y jepec rrarrH3Ma H nYTepaHCTBa, EBporra je rrpeKHHyna CBOjy Be-
Illy6apT je BepOBao ):Ia je npoMeTejcKa erroxa EBporre rrpH Kpajy, a ):Ia rrOqHlbe erroxa CB. JOBaHa EorocnoBa, KOjy he 06nHKOBaTH HapO):lH CKnOHH
3Y ca XpHCTOM, H3BOpOM :>KHBOTa,H rroToHyna y TaMY aHTporrOQeHTpH3Ma. OH):Ia ce O):lpeKna H rrarre H JIYTepa, H qOBeK eBporrCKH je 060rOTBopHO ce6e
MecHjaHH3MY Kao CBeqOBeqaHCKOM 6paTcTBY. Hajyrra):lJbHBHjH npe):lCTaB-
H CBOj pa3YM, HMeHyjyhH HOBe H):Ione "KynTypOM"
HHQH HapO):la rrpoMeTejcKor
pa je "XBanHcalbe JbY):lHCBOjHM ):IenHMa': Koja cy rrpona3Ha. ITpollIne
THrra cy AHrnocaKcoHQH,
HeMQH H JeBpejH, a
H "HaYKOM". Jep, Kymycy CBe
HOCHOQHJOBaHoBor ):Iyxa cy CnoBeHH, H lbHMa rrpHrra):la 6Y):lyhHOCT. Jep,
BenHKe KynType - erHrraTCKa,
rro OBOM rrpaBocnaBHoM HeMQY, "EHrne3 xohe ):Ia BH):IHCBeT Kao <Pa6pHKY; <1>paHQY3Kao canOH; HeMaQ Kao KacapHY, Pyc Kao QPKBY. EHrne3 Tpa:>KH
pHMCKa, a OCTao je OHaj KOjH JeCTe, BeqHH Eor Ha):l CBHMe. IllTO ce HaYKe THqe, OHa je rroKymaj ):Iace HCTHHa Ha~e y TBopeBHHH, a
rrp0paHQY3cnaBY, HeMaQ BnaCT, a Pyc - :>KpTBOBalbe':
He y TBOPQY: "J1cTHHa je nHqHa, a He 6e3nHqHa. J1cTHHa je Eor, a He CTBap. J1cTHHa je OHaj, a He OHO:' ITo HHKonajy, CTapH H HOBH rraraHH "HCTIHTyjy
CBeTH HHKonaj )l{HqKH je, rrorrYT HHKonaja Tpy6eQKoja, YCTao rrpOTHB KYJITYpe POMaHorepMaHa Kao orrllITe06aBe3yjyhe,
a, rrorrYT Illy6apTa,
CYllITHHY CTBapH (KaO):la CTBapH HMajy HeKY CymTHHY H3BaH peqH EO:>KHje)':
Bepo-
Bao y MHcHjy rrpaBocnaBHHX CnOBeHa. OH HCTHqe ):Ia):IpeBHH J1H):IYCHH KH-
EBpOrrJbaHH cy rronY):lenH 0):1na:>KHOr3Halba - "YKonHKO cy BHllIe n03HaBanH
He3H HMajy "KynTYPY MHoro nerrllIY, pa3pa~eHHjy H YTaHqaHHjy 0):1eBporrCKe
MHKp06e, YTonHKO cy Malbe 3HanH 3a Eora':
ITo CBeTOM
CBeTH HHKonaj )l{HqKH ce ):Iyro 60pHO rrpOTHB H):IeOnOrHje CQHjeHTH-
HHKonajy, "aKO ce EBporra XBanH KynTypOM, OHa ce XBanH HHqHM': OH CMa-
3Ma, jep CBe llITO je 6Hno 6e360:>KHHqKO y EBporrH O):leBano ce y "HaYKY"
Kymype,
360r qera OHH H Mp3e H npe3Hpy eBporrCKY Kymypy".
Tpa ):Iacy TPH HajKynTypHHje 3eMJbey HCTOpHjH 6Hne CTapH ErHrraT, J1H):IHja
H rrOKYllIaBano ):Ia ce HaMeTHe Kao "HayqHO": 0):1,,6H6nHjcKe KpHTHKe" ):10
H KHHa, y KojHMa cy "JbY):lHCBOjHM HarropOM ):IOllInH):IO MHOrHX H MHorHX
):IapBHHH3Ma. 3aTO ce OH OKpeHYO HCTpa:>KHBalbYT3B. "rrpHpO):lHHX 3aKOHa"
3Halba,):IOMahHHCKHX, rrpaBHHX, MaTeMaTHqKHX, aCTpOHOMCKHX,
y orne):ly "HOMonorHja".
H rrCHXHqKHX; ):10TonHKHX 3Halba ):Ia je 3aHCTa 3a ):IHBJbelbe H CTH):IH YKOP EBporrH': 360r Tora llITO ce EBporra XBanHllIe "HaMeTJbHBOM KynTypOM': HexpHllIhaHCKH HapO):lH cy "OMp3nH XpHCTa H xpHllIhaHCTBO": "OMp3HYBllIH"
eBponCKenpO"'BOAe" Ib)'lle,aMp'"" cy" eBponCKor' 6or'~
1.
1 ,:
106
..
':'.
IIocToje
",~;
JIH npHpOAHH 3aKOHH?
.
BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj H HAeOJIOrHja c~HjeHTH3Ma
1
107
{
'WI/
cy Aa je CTBapHOCT y HajBenoj Morynoj
MepH norOCHa, XpHCTOQeHTpH'IHa,
H TO cy CBHM CPQeM HcnOBeAanH, TOMe ce paAOBanH, TO caonllITaBanH.
JIyj
llaCTep, n03HaTH MeAHQHHCKHreHHje, rOBopHO je Aa, llITO BHllIe paAH y na60-
Ha}"lHH~H
paTopHjH, TO MY je Bepa cnH'IHHja npOCTocpAa'lHoj
H Bepa
BepH 6peTOHCKHX ceJba-
Ka. H3H'Iap MaKc llnaHK, BenHKH KpHTH'Iap n03HTHBH3Ma, TaKol)e je 6HO CBenl
HHKonaj )l{H'IKH, HOBH 3naTOYCT llpaBOCnaBHe U;pKBe, CY0'lHO
penHrH03aH y "KOH
ce ca np06neMaTHKOM T3B. "npHpOAHHX 3aKOHa" Y CBOjOj KlbH3H "HoMono-
Mano, MaAa cn060AHO MO)f(eMOpenH Aa je BenHKH 6poj npHpoAlbaKa,
rHja / HaYKa 0 3aKOHY': Y npeApaTHoj EBpOnH, jOllI YBeK On'lHlbeHoj
CBera
jeHTH3MOM H MaTepHjanHcTH'IKOM rOPAollIny
CQH-
3a'leTHM Y lbeHHM rpYAHMa
jOllI, Y A06a "npOCBeTHTeJbCTBa': "npHpOAHH 3aKOHH" 6HnH cY CBeHCTHHHTa
3Hor, Koja je H3BHpana H3 YBHAa y cKnaAHO YCTpOjCTBOnpoyqaBaHHx pOAHHX
npe npH-
llOI)HMO 0A An6epTa AjHllITajHa. 3a lbera nocToje ABe HH)f(e BpCTe penH-
qOBeK je caB nOApel)eH npHpOAHHM 3aKOHHMa H, no Ae
rHje H jeAHa Y3BHllIeHa. HH)f(e BpCTe cy: penHrHja cTpaxa, HajnpHMHTHBHHjH
je HeKa BpCTa naMeTpHjeBcKe MallIHHe KOjy je npHpOAa CTaBHna y norOH,
BHA A0)f(HBJbaBalba CaBpllIeHCTBa, H MopanHa penHrHja, Koja je pa3BHna noj-
cHa6AeBllIH je "nOKpeTa'lKHM HarOHHMa': CHrMYHA pojA, OCHHBa'l nCHXO-
MOBe A06pa H 3na. J1 jeAHa H Apyra cy aHTponOMop
aHanH3e, cBoje TBpAlbe 0 'IOBeKY Kao HarOHCKOM 6Hny, cnaMQH y CTHXHjH
CTH)f(y nYHOTY CMHcna. BpXYHCKa penHrH03HOCT je KOCMH'IKa: 6YAH3aM, Ha
HeCBeCHHXnmKYAa, TeMeJbHOje Ha TaKBOM OAHOCYnpeMa CBeTY. 3a lbera,
npHMep. KOCMH3aM He 3Ha 3a AorMe, HH 3a 'IOBeKOnHKor Dora. Haj6nH)f(H cy
MeAHQHHapa - n03HTHBHCTY, nCHxa HHje nocTojana
MY 6HnH jepeTHQH CBHXBpeMeHa, a TpojHQa lbeHHX "anOCTOna" - ,[(eMOKpHT,
HHKaKO APyra'lHje
AO
paHQHCKOOA ACH3e H CnHH03a. liTO ce eTHKe TH'Ie, OHa HeMa nOTpe6e 3a
Kao 36HP
nOBepelba y "aKCHonOllIKY neCTBHQY" npHpOAHHX 3a-
penHrHjcKoM OCHOBOMjep ce 3aCHHBa Ha caocenalbY, BacnHTalbY H COQHjanHoj nOBe3aHOCTH. 360r OBaKBe KOCMH'IKe penHrH03HOCTH "QPKBe" (Koje?) cy YBeK rOHHne HaYKY. PenHrH03HOCT HayqHHKa cacTojH ce y ,,3aHOCHOMAH-
KOHa. qOBeK je nOCTao Mpe)f(a HepaBa, naCHBHO nOJbe npHMalba HaApa)f(aja.
BJbelbY npeA xapMoHHjOM npHpOAHe 3aKOHOMepHOCTH,y KOjOj ce HCnOJbaBa
J1aKo je CQHjeHTHcTH'IKa onyja npoxyjana
KpajeM XIX BeKa (oAnyqHe YAapQe
jeAaH TaKopenH HaAMonaH YM, Aa je CBeOHOpa3YMHO y JbYACKOMMHllIJbelbY
H HH'Ie, ceTHe cYMlbanHQe), Tpenepa3peAHH MH-
H oApel)HBalbY npeMa TOMe jeAaH nOTnYHO HHllITaBaH oAcjaj". H3H'IapH
cnHOQH H AaJbe cy 6HnH 3aHeTH MorynHollIny Aa ce 'IHTaBa peanHocT oKyje y neAeHe <popMe "reoMeTpHjcKor" 06jeKTHBH3aM.
Aa 6H H3 lbHX AeAYKOBanH cnHKY CBeTa. EneMeHTapHH 3aKOHH He OTKpHBajy
3aAanH cy joj lioneHxayep
o TOj MallITapHjH norHje"
CBeAO'lH BnaAHKa HHKonaj KaA y YBOAYcBoje "HOMO-
BenH: "llpHpoAa
H npHpoAHH 3aKOHH Haj3ByqHHje je recno HallIer
Mopajy HnH y nOTpary 3a HajonllITHjHM
eneMeHTapHHM 3aKOHHMa npHpOAe
ce nOrH'IKH, HO HHTYHTHBHO. ,[(pyrH BenHKH
BepHep Xaj3eH6epr
(TYMa'iHO
BpeMeHa. CBaKo Apyro recno, Koje jeAHo eBponcKo AeTe cnYllIa OA npBor
npHHQHn HeoApel)eHoCTH), penHrHjy je BHAeo Kao nOAnory eTH'IKOr Aeno-
pa3peAa OCHOBHellIKone na AO cBpllIeTKa BeKa Man03ByqHHje je H cna6Hje ... CBeBnacT npHpoAHHX 3aKOHa HaA AyxoBHMa H YMoBHMa 6enor 'IOBe'laHCTBa
Balba, AOKje 3a lbera HaYKa OCHOB3a "TeXHH'IKH QenHCXOAHOAenalbe': llpe-
y EBponH H AMepHQH nOCTana je AaHac anconYTHa:'
PenHrHja ce He MO)f(e nOABeCTH nOA CYAOBeTHna "Ta'lHO" H "norpellIHO':
llpHpoAHHM
3aKOHHMa 6HnH cy On'lHlbeHH H 3anaAHH Teon03H KOjH
cy ce MyqHnH Aa AOKa)f(y KaKO CBeTO llHCMO H OTKpHBelbe DO)f(je HH y KOM cnyqajy He npoTHBype'le
OTKpHnHMa npHpOAHHX HaYKa. liTaBHllIe,
DH6nHja
Ma TOMe, penHrHja je HellITO nH'IHO, a HaYKa HMa ,,06jeKTHBHH" KapaKTep. OHa HacTaje YCBajalbeM oApel)eHor TpaAHQHOHanHor BacnHTalba, Kao nnOA nojeAHHa'lHHX CKnOHOCTH,HTA. HapaBHO, nojMoBH cy6jeKTHBHo-06jeKTHBHO y MOAepHoj
KBaHTHa
nOTBpl)yje AOMeTeMOAepHHXHayqHHx HCTpa)f(HBalba. THMe cy OHHCaMOy6e-
TeopHja, HCTH'IynH HeonxoAHOCT nOCMaTpa'ia H lberOBor ynnHBa Ha CTBap-
AHnH HayqHHKe Aa npHpOAHH 3aKOHH yonllITe He Aona3e y nHTalbe, a HHCY HX YBepHnH y HCTHHe xpHllInaHCKe Bepe.
llInOCTH. MaTeMaTHKa HMarHHapHHX 6pojeBa H 6ecKpajHHx BenH'IHHa 3aCHO-
PeTKH HayqHHQH caBpeMeHor A06a 6HnH cy, Aa TaKO Ka)f(eMO, "KOH
y ,,06jeKTHBHOj" npHpOAH. lla HnaK, y <popMynHcalbY H H3Hana)f(elbY HOBHX
HOCTorneAa, nOMorna HaM je Aa ce OKaHeMO "cy6jeKT-06jeKT"
npH'Ie npo-
BaHa je Ha anCTpaKQHjaMa Koje npeBa3Hna3e CBeOHOllITO 6H ce Aano cpeCTH
109
108
3. HajBHIlIa pelIHfJ103HOCT je KOCMH'IKa: ocehalbe cBejep;HHcTBa cTBapHOCTHnpO)l(eTe ,,60)l(aHCKHM Ha'IelIHMa" (p;aKlIe, naHTeH3aM).
HayqHHx pe3YlITaTa, OBa BpCTa MaTeMaTHKe je HeOnXOp;Ha.Y jep;HoM pa3rOBOpy ca HHlICOM EOPOM, Xaj3eH6epr
je 'IYO npH'IY 0 'IOBeKY KOjH je H3Hap;
KyhHHX BpaTa p;p)l(ao nOTKOBHl.\Y ,,3a cpehy': Y1aKo HHje BepOBaO Y TO HnaK jy je CTaBHO- "jep P;OHOCHcpehy HaKO He BepyjeIlI':
o MaTeManfQH
TaKaB 6H Morao 6HTH
Kao npeynpomnaBalbY
cTBapHocTH
OP;HOC
cTBapHocTH, y cKpHBeHY HHT xapMoHHje C KOjoM ce MO)l(e p;ohH Y p;Op;Hp. KOjH cBaKop;HeBHo npeBa3HlIa3e p;ojyqepaIlIlbe
pe'IeHO, HaYKa CBOP;HcTBapHocT Ha MaTeMaTH'IKe
):(oKlIe cY P;OIlIlIH nocTMop;epHH
MaTHKY cY yqHHHJIe KH'IMeHHM cTy60M npHpop;HHX HaYKa. qOBeK ce HHKap;
3aKlhyqKe HaYKe?
HH He 3anHTa IlITa je MaTeMaTHKa. OHa je TY, Y 'IOBeKOBOM MHcaOHOM CBeTY,
AMepH'IKa cnHcaTelhHl.\a PeHee Be6ep, aYTop HeKOlIHKO KlbHra orlIep;a
npHCYTHa OHaKOKaKO je y CBeTY lberOBor TeJIa npHCYTaH Ba3p;yx.
o np061IeMHMa
Y CBOjoj 'IYBeHoj CTYP;HjH"IIponacT
3anap;a", OCBaJIp;lIInJIeHfJIep BeJIH
p;pal.\HMa, jep OHa, Kao H BehHHa HHTepBjYHcaHHX, CMaTpa p;a cy HCxop;HIlITa
p;aje "MaTeMaTHKa jep;Ha YMeTHOCT"(nOfJIaBlhe "CMHcao 6pojeBa"). A TO3Ha-
HaYKe H opHjeHTalIHe MHClIH BeOMa cpop;Ha. IIpeMa lboj, OCHOBHaoc06HHa
'IH: "OHa HHje - Kao IlITO JIaHK MHCJIH,na H
HaYKe ca KOjOM )l(HBHMO H HHP;YHCTH'IKO-6YP;HCTH'IKeMHClIH je "nOTpara
JIaHK - no CBOjOjCyncTaHl.\H HenpOMeHlhHBa, Hero je, Kao H CBaKaYMeTHOCT,
3a Jep;HHCTBOM':C THM Y Be3H, HaYKa je nOKYIlIaj p;a ce nojMH CTBapHOCT
nOp;JIO)l(HaHenpHMeTHHM npOMeHaMa op; enoxe p;o enoxe:' lIIneHfJIepOBO pa-
H Kao TaKBa "KBa3HpelIHrHjcKa
cyt)HBalbe 3aCHOBaHOje Ha TeMelhHOM H3yqaBalbY KOMnapaTHBHe HCTopHje
p;elIaTHOCT Y HajIlIHpeM
CMHClIY Te pe'IH"
MaTeMaTHKe. 3a lbera, caMa MaTeMaTHKa ce He MO)l(e p;e
(I)opI,I EOlIp;).
Ha OCHOBaBH3HOHapCKa,HHTYHTHBHa, a aHaJIHTH'IHOCTp;OJIa3HTeK KacHHje,
HaYKa H MHCTHKaHMajy HCTHKopeH: 'Iyt)elbe, CTpax H 3anpenaIlIheHOCT. OHe cKyna CBep;O'Ie0 jep;HHcTBeHoj HYMHH03Hoj CTBapHOCTH,06e31IH'IHoj 60-
H p;OJIa3Hp;a P;OBpIlIH, pa3YAH, pacKpHje P;OKpaja OHOIlITO je HHTYHl.\HjOM H
)l(aHCTBeHOCTHKoja CTOjHH3 CBaKor Eora. Bep;cKo 60)l(aHCTBO KpHIlIHa TaKO
Y BH3HjH OTKpHBeHO.
H Ka)l(e CBOMClIep;6eHHKY ApI,IyHH: "KOjHM rop; HMeHOM p;a Me Ha30BeIlI, ja
CaH 0 6pojy, MepH, KOJIH'IHHH, Op;HOCYKOjH-ce p;ajy CBecm Ha
hy TH op;rOBopHTH:' 3Halbe 0 yHHBep3alIHoj nOBe3aHOCTHHMalIH cy BelIHKa-
JIe p;peBHH je caH 'IOBe'IaHCTBa. CalbaJIH cy ra npBH lhYP;H, a cHrypHo
HH nonYT XepMeca TpHCMefJ1CTOCa(TpHnYTBelIHKor),
ra calbaTH H nOTOlbH. IIpBe l.\HBHJIH3al.\Hje MaTeMaTHKY HHCY op;BajalIe op;
aHTH'IKe alIXeMHje, IIapMeHHp;a, IIHTarope, KOP;ce6e pa3BHlIH KOCMY1QKY
CBECHOCT,
IIlIaToHa
MHTCKor OCHHBa'Ia H CnHH03e. OHH cy
Koja HM je oMoryhHlIa
he
MHCTHKe. MajcTOpH reoMeTpHje, ErHnhaHH, cBoje HajBa)l(HHje KYlITHe cno-
ysHP;
MeHHKe, nHpaMHp;e, rpap;HJIH cy Ha OCHOBYMaTeMaTH'IKHX npOpa'IYHa 'IHjH
y CTPYKTYPYCTBapH. CaBpeMeHH HYKlIeapHH
je l.\Hlh 6HO p;oce3albe MafJ1jcKHx xapMoHHja KOCMoca. EO)l(aHCTBeHH <papa-
3aKlhyqKe OBe Tpap;Hl.\Hje, CBep;O'IH:"lhYP;H Y npOIlIlIOCTH cy HMalIH YBHp;Y
OH caxpalbHBaH je y nHpaMHP;Y Kao 6pop; BacKpcelba KOjHM je nJIOBHOCBOM
TO p;a nocTojH HeKaKBa HHTelIHreHl.\Hja Koja je opraHH30BalIa
Ol.\y, 60ry cYHl.\a Pa. MarHjcKa
YHHBep3YM,
nepCOHalIH30BalIH cy je H Ha3BalIH 'Eor'."
MHcao XalIp;eje nOpOp;HJIaje H aCTpOJIOrHjy H
aCTpoHoMHjy ...
QyseHH TeopHjcKH
IIpBH MaTeMaTH'IapH aHTH'IKe fp'IKe, Tallec H3 MHJIeTa H IIHTaropa,
"l.\pHe pyne" (jep;Ha op; OMHlheHHX MaIlITapHja Mop;epHe aCTpo
HHCY6HJIH ,,06jeKTHBHH HayqHHl.\H" y p;aHaIlIlbeM CMHCJIYpe'IH. HanpoTHB!
Koja je 360r Mace KOlIanCHpalIa H cap; ryTa CBe OKOce6e, 'IaK H CBeTlIOCT) H
TaJIec, a HapO'IHTO IIHTaropa,
nHTalba "paHor KOCMoca" CMaTpa p;aje Eor HeKa BpCTa "HBHl.\e KOCMoca" KO-
CMHCJIOMCBeTa, KOjH 'IOBeK, no 3ap;aTKY60roBa, Mopa p;a P;OKyqH. IIHTaro-
ja je CBe CTaBHlIa y norOH. OH HeMa Be3e ca MOpalIHHM 6HheM: TO je Ha'IelIO CHHOHHMH'IHOca 3aKOHHMa YHHBep3YMa. "MH BepyjeMo p;aje KOCMOC1I0rH-
pejl.\H cY 6pojeBe H reoMeTpHjcKe
'IaH H npelIen, alIH H36eraBaMO pe'I 'Eor": BelIH XOYKHHr. lIITa ce H3 HaBep;eHHXnpHMepa MO)l(e 3aKlhyqHTH?
1. CaBpeMeHH HayqHHl.\H Bepyjy p;a y KOCMOCYnocTojH CKlIap; H3a Kora
oHocTpaHor. EaBHJIH cy ce MaTeMaTHKOMKao HaT'IYJIHOM TajHoM nocTojalba.
t t p
je HeKaKBa HHTelIHreHl.\Hja.
2. Ta HHTelIHreHl.\Hja je 6e31IH'IHa.
6HJIH cy npe CBera TparaOl.\H 3a CaKpaJIHHM
OBaKaB OP;HOCnpeMa MaTeMaTHl.\H op; lbHX je 3aHMao IIlIaToH. lIIneHrJIep
BeJIH: "Epoj
je CHM60JI Y3pO'IHe HY)l(HOCTH. Kao H nojaM
o Eory, OH Cap;p)l(H nOCJIep;lbH CMHcao CBeTa Kao npHpop;e. Y TOM CMHCJIY CMeMOp;a 6Hhe 6pojeBa Ha30BeMO MHcTepHjoM:' qHTaBa lhyp;CKa CTBapHOCT
t
l I
npO)l(eTa je MaTeMaTHKOMKao HHTYHl.\HjOM CBeYKynHocTH, Kao YMeTHoIlIhy
III
110 H KaO
"fOTCKe KaTeApane H AOpCKH XpaMOBH jecy Y KaMeH
npeTBopeHa MaTeMaTHKa': jep 6poj, "Kao 3HaK 3aBplUHor orpaHHqelba': no ce6H He nocTojH H He MO)l(e nocTojaTH':
"caM
CBaKa KynTypa HMa CBOjCHCTeM6pojeBa. To 3HaqH Aa HMa OHonHKOMaTeMaTHKa KonHKO H penHfHjcKHx, 3a IIIneHrnepa,
(
"lbYACKH nHK: nHK
Talbe MaTeMaTHKe Kao OCHOBenocTojalbe YTH~ano Ha Hac .AaHac: "MaTeMaTHKa je (no TOM CXBaTaIbY, Han. B. ,U.) jeAHHH KJbyq HeonxoAaH Aa 6H
ce OTKJbyqana npHpo):\a, jep nOKa3H qHCTe MaTeMaTHKe cToje y carnacjy ca
fuYTH, fayc H PHMaH cy, npe CBera, YMeTHHqKe npHpoAe Koje
06jeKTHBHOM HCTHHOMnpeAMeTa, HHH~HjanHHM npeTnOCTaBKaMa CTBapaIba KaKBe cy nocTojane y YMY oO)l(jeM. CYWTHHa CTBapHOCTHje BenHKH Ma-
cy ce CBOjHMKOH~en~HjaMa npeAaBane ca HCTOMOHOMcTpalUhy C KojOM ce HeKH neCHHK HnH cnHKap npeAajy peqHMa HnH 60jaMa.
TeMaTHqKH CHCTeM.AnpHopHa
KonHKO je MaTeMaTHKa qOBeKOnHKa, BHAHMO H3 0AHoca npeMa 6pojy rajeHor
Y BeOMa 3aHHMJbHBoj CTYAHjH HnHna IIIepapAa
CBeTa': oBaj eHrneCKH MHcnHna~ 06jalUlbaBa KaKOje nOCTpeHecaHCHO CXBa-
npemOCTaBKa Aa je CTpYKTypa YH:~fBep3YMa
MaTeMaTHqKa 3HaqH Aa je
y aHTHqKoj fpqKOj H nOCTAeKapToBcKoj EBponH. 3a CTapor fpKa,
je CTBapHOy npHpOAH caMO OHOlUTO ce MO)l(e HCKa3aTH CTporHM 3aKOHHMa
qOBeKa KOjH je ce6e nOCMaTpao Kao Teno, CBeMHp je 6HO CKnaA, KOCMOC06je-
MaTeMaTHKe. CTBapHH CBeTje CBeT MaTeMaTHqKH MepHBHX KpeTalba y BpeMeHY H npocTOpy. AKO je oor CTBOpHOCBeTy cKna,n;y ca CTpOfHM 3aKOHHMa
KaTa KOjH cy H3pOHHnH H3 anejpoHe, OHor HeMHcnHBO 6eCKOHaqHor. YnpaBO 3aTO lUTO je qOBeK Teno, H lUTO ce anejpoH He Aa H He CMe MHcnHTH (Aa ce
MaTeMaTHKe, H3 Tora HY)l(HO cne):\H Aa je ~enoKynHa 06nacT
He 6H npecTynHna
AHBa caMO Ha MaTeManlqKe
YCYAHarpaHH~a!),
fpKY je 6poj MEPA qYJIHOf.
'uYWOM
OKpeHYT npeMa "caAa H oBAe': OH pacnpOCTHpalbe A0)l(HBJbaBa Kao TEJIECHOCT,
a He Kao IIPOCTOPHOCT.
3aTO cy 3a fpqKY MHcao nojMoBH "Hpa-
~HOHanHor" H "6eCKOHaqHor" 6poja HeMoryhH. oeCKOHaqHOje npecTyn, HelUTO lUTO ce He MO)l(e MHcnHTH a Aa ce He CYOqHMOca je3HBoM TaMOM xaoca.
KaKBOTe. / .•./ OHO lUTO je y KOHaqHOM cMHcny
CTBapHOy npHpOAH je caMO OHOlUTO MO)l(e):\a6YAe MaTeMaTHqKH H3pa)l(eHO H 0 qeMY je Moryhe MaTeMaTHqKO ca3Halbe. CBe APyro - 6Hno KaKBa HeMaTe-
EYKnHAQBa reoMeTpHja je reoMeTpHja BHAJbHBOr,OHora lUTO ce Aa onHnaTH,
MaTHqKa KaKBOTa - HHje 6HTHO. / .../ HayqHHK HacTOjH Aa nojMH qHlbeHH~Y npHpOAe. AnH nocneAH~a OCHOBHenpeTnOCTaBKe MOAepHe HaYKe jeCTe Aa nOHMalbe, YKonHKO je TaqHO, Mopa Aa 6YAe H3pa)l(eHO je3HKoM MaTeMaTHKe,
y lUTa ce MO)l(eMOqynHMa YBepHTH. qaK je H TaqKa KOnHqHHa - anH HeAenH-
jep MaTeMaTHqKe KaKBOTe ycnOCTaBJbajy CTBapHOCTnpeAMeTe. CTOra CBaKO
. Ba. TaKol)e, aHTHqKH rp~H HHCY HManH nojaM HYJIE: 3a IbHX je Hyna, Kao H
06jalUlbelbe
Koje CeTHqe
anejpoH, HeMHcnHBa. Hyna je AOlUna H3 MHAHje, y Kojoj 6paidaHH3aM HMa
aKO ce Aa H3pa3HTH y MaTeMaTHqKoj
nojaM HHlUTaBHna.
MeHe
AKO je 3a aHTHqKY fpqKY 6poj 6HO KOnHqHHa, HTO MepHBa KOnHqHHa, 3a nOCTpeHecaHCHY EBpony 6poj je O,UHOC. OH je H3pa3 <PaYCTOBCKe )l(ehH 3a OHOCTpaHHM,3a 6ecKpajeM KOjH je npHBnaqaH Kao H nOHOp, 3a TOTanHTeTOM CTBapHOCTHKoja He n03Haje rpaHH~e. HOBY HAejy 6poja, anCTpaKTHe CTBapROCTH aHanHTHqKe reoMeTpHje, oApel)yje Kao "MMCJIE'liE
Aaje ,UeKapT,
JX: ,UeKapT THMe OTBapa npOCTOp 3a nojaBY KaKO
eMnHpH3Ma, TaKO H HAeanH3Ma cXBaheHHX Kao caMope
HOB a MaTeMaTHKa je, no
H3pa3 BOJbe3a Moh 3anaAHoeBponcKor
OCBojHTH 6ecKpajHe npocTope
EGO COGITO.
IIocneAH~e OBor cBol)elba CBeTa Ha MaTeMaTHqKe <popMyne BeOMa cy 036HJbHe. IIIepepA HaCTaBJba:"IJ;eo CBeTnpHpOAe je nOA BnalUhy KOnHqHHe: ~enoKynHocT lberOBe peanHOCTH je KOnHqHHCKa, H MO)l(e ce H3pa3HTH caMO MaTeMaTHqKHM nojMoBHMa. qOBeK ce He MO)l(e H3pa3HTH MaTeMaTHqKH. CaMO OHOlUTO 3a Ibera HHje 6HTHO nOAnO)l(HOje KBaHTHTaTHBHOM06pal)HBaIbY. To jecT, OH je xpna ceKYHAapHHx KBanHTeTa, cy6jeKTHBaH, na caMHM THM H HecTBapaH. CTBAPHM CBET JE BAH qOBEKA: CBeT aCTpoHoMHje H CBeT 06jeKaTa y MHpoBalbY H KpeTaIbY, CBeT npHMapHHx KBanHTeTa. Y
Tpe6a
HajancTpaKTHHjeM H Haj6e3nHqHHjeM ):\eny lberOBor M03ra KOjH MO)l(e Aa ce
y KojHMa ce caM nojaM npocTopHOCTH ry6H.
cnY)l(H MaTeMaTHKOM Hana3H ce OHOlUTO je npHMapHO H CTBapHO 0 lbeMY.
qynHa, eYKnHAoBC!(a TaqKa TaKol)e ry6H npocTOpHOCT. JaBJbace HAeja npo-
CaMO 3axBaJbyjyhH TOMe ce MO)l(e pehH Aa je OH CTBOpeH no nHKY oO)l(jeM.
cTOpa ca 6e36poj AHMeH3Hja. HeeYKnHAoBcKe reoMeTpHje (JI06aqeBCKH, PH-
/ .../ Y CBeMYOCTanOMqOBeK je npOCTO He6HTHH nOCMaTpaq H KBa3H - peanaH npeAMeT / .../ BenHKe MaTeMaTHqKe ApaMe Koja ce oABHja H3BaH Ibera;
MaH, HTA.) caCBHM pacKHAajy ca ceH3yanH3MoM npeTxoAHHX enoxa. Y npoCTOPyJI06aqeBCKOr napanenHe npaBe ce ceKY, H MH BHlUe CKOpOAa He 3HaMO lUTa CBeTO 3HaqH.
H aKO ce MO)l(e pehH Aa lberoBo nocTojalbe
HMa HKaKBY CBPXY,TO ce MO)l(e
pehH caMO YKonHKO OH cnf)l(H ~HJbeBHMa TeopHjcKe MexaHHKe, caMO aKOje nOKnOHHK MaTeMaTHqKe HaYKe.•:'
112 TOTamnapHOCT OBaKBOr HaqHHa MHIlIJbelba je OqHTa: npHpOAa MOpa
1,<' , ., j
113 6. Bor, caBpIlIeHa CBeCT H caBpIlIeHa CBeTJlOCT,jeAHHH je 3aKOHOAaBal.\; HapaBCTBeHH, naK, 3aKoH - jeAHHH 3aKOH. (BJlaAHKa Ka)I(e "MOpaJlHH 3aKOH"; oBaj nojaM KOA Ibera HeMa npeBHIlIe JbYACKO,Beh Ay6HHCKO, OHTOJlOlliKO 3Haqelbe.)
6HTH CypOBO nOTqHlbeHa CXeMaMaMaTeMaTHqKe JlOrHKe, 6e3 HKaKBe MoryhHOCTHAa HX ce OCJl060AH; qaK je H Bor HeKO Kora je Moryhe nOTqHHHTH MaTeMaTHqKHM 3aKOHHMa. (JeAaH OA Hajn03HaTHjHx HayqHHKa AaHaC, CTHBeH
OApeA6e BO)l(Hjer 3aKOHa AaTOr AAaMY cy:
XOKHHr, Y CBOjOj "KpaTKoj nOBeCTH BpeMeHa': TBPAH Aa je npH6J1H)I(aBalbe cBe06YXBaTHoj TeopHjH YHHBep3YMa HelliTO IlITO he, Ha Kpajy, H caMor Bora
1. QOBeK je rocnOAap npHpOAe. lheMY je 3anoBel)eHo Aa AYXOBHOpal)a
"nOTqHHHTH" qOBeKY. OH Ka)l(e: "AKO Mel)YTHM, ycneMo Aa Aol)eMo AOjeAHe
H YMHO)l(aBa AYXOBHeAapOBe, IlITO ce npojaBJbyje TeJleCHHMpal)albeM TeJle-
l.\eJlOBHTe TeopHje, OHAa 6H IbY, C BpeMeHoM, Tpe6aJlo y HaqeJlY Aa CXBaTe
CHor nOTOMCTBa. CHHOBH qOBeqHjH cy HKOHe BO)l(je: OHH Tpe6a Aa BJlaAajy CBOMTBopeBHHOM focnoAlboM.
CBH, a He caMO HeKOJlHl.\HHaHayqHHKa. TaAa heMO CBH MH, HJlOcoH, Ha-
2. Bor je focnoA (ap) qOBeKOB. OH MY je 3a6paHHO Aa jeAe 0A ApBeTa
yqHHl.\H, Kao H 06HqHH JbYAH,6HTH Y CTalbY Aa Y3MeMOYAeJla y pacnpaBH 0 nHTalbHMa Be3aHHM 3a pa3J10r nocTojalba KaKO Hac caMHX, TaKO H BaCeJbeHe. YKOJU1KO I1POHA1)EMO O,1J;rOBOP HA TO, OH,[I;A 'liE TO BJ1TJ1 BPXYHCKJ1
TPJ1JYM JhY,[I;CKOf
'liJ1 Y CAM
PA3YMA
- JEP 'liEMO
n03Halba A06pa H 3J1aAa 6H ra CaqYBao 0A ABojeAYlliHOCTH, 0A rpeXOBHe IlIH30peHHje, 0A naAa y CMpT.
TA,[I;A I1POHJ1-
KaA je qOBeK nao, AYXOBHH3aKOHH cy nOnpHMHJlH TeJleCHHCMHcao. Pa-
YM BOfA:')
HHje je AAaM rJleAao CYIIITHHY, a caA nOBpIlIHHY; paHHje ce CJlaAHOCpqHKOM cTBapHocTH, a caA je noqeo Aa Kyca KOPY. Y EAeMY ce xpaHHo BoroM, a y
CBeTH HHKOJIaj }l(HqKH
H3rHaHcTBY 3eJbeM;y EAeMY je 06AeJlOBaO cBoje cpl.\e, a y H3rHaHcTBY 3eMJbY
Kao CBe.n;OKJ1cTHHe
npeKpHBeHY KOpOBOM. 36YlbeHH H ynJlaIlIeHH, BJlaAHKa HHKoJlaj y CBOMcnopy C "npHpOAOnOKJlOHHl.\HMa" nOJla3H 0A
oABOjHBIlIH CBOj norneA OA
He6ecKe BHCHHe,JbYAH cy nOqeJlH Aa ce KJlalbajy TBopeBHHH, 3a60paBJbajyhH
qHlbeHHl.\e.n;a y CBeToM I1HCMY HeMa HHrAe HH peqH 0 6HJlO KaKBOM "npH-
CBor TBOpl.\a. YMecTo Bora 3aKOHOAaBl.\a,ceMe AAaMoBo je npHpoAY nporna-
pOAHOM 3aKoHY': IIITa TO 3HaqH?
CHJlO3aKOHOAaBl.\eM,nOp06JbeHOM CBOjOMrpexoBHoIlIhy,
CaBpeMeHHl.\H, BeJlH HOBH3J1aTOYCT,HMajy ABa OAHoca npeMa npHpOA-
CHMBOJlHCaHOMy
naraHCKHM HAejaMa "cYA6HHe" (ycYAa) H KapMe, y aCTpoJlorHjH H ApyrHM raTapcKHM BeIlITHHaMa, HTA.
HOM 3aKOHY: jeAHH cMaTpajy Aa npHpOAa caMa OA ce6e Aaje 3aKOHe (TO cy aTeHCTH), ApyrH naK Aa Bor npHpOAH Aaje 3aKOHe, a Aa HX npHpOAa - npHMa.
I10TqHHHBIlIH ce, CBOjOMBOJbOM,TpYJle)l(Hoj "AorMaTHl.\H npHpoAHor': qOBeK je noqeo Aa )l(HBH HaqeJlHMa HaKa3He "eTHKe cTpacTH H HaroHa". 3aTo
J1 jeAHoM H ApyrOM Ta60py Mopajy ce ynYTHTH HeKe npHMeA6e:
1. CaM nojaM 3aKOHa nOApa3YMeBa qHlbeHHl.\y Aa cy H 3aKOHOAaBal.\H
je focnoA
nocJlao nOTon Ha 3eMJbY,oCKpHaBJbeHY 6e3aKolbeM. OBaj nOTon
3aKoHOnpHMaJlal.\ CBeCHa6Hha.
je 3eMJbY OqHCTHO, a npeBeAeHH Hoje H lberOBa Ael.\a npoAY)l(HJlH cy pOA
2. I1pHpoAa HHje CBeCHO6Hhe: OHa He MO)l(e HH CTBapaTH, HH YCBajaTH 3aKOHe.
JbYACKH.Mel)YTHM, nOTOMCTBOnpaBeAHHKoBO oA6Hja Aa )l(HBH y cKJlaAY C BO)l(jHM 3anOBeCTHMa. YMecTo Aa 60roM H y Bory BJlaAajy TBapjy, OHH ce6e
3. AKO je Bor AaBaJlal.\ npHpoAHHX 3aKOHa, oHAa HX je OH Aao HecBecHoj
060roTBopaBajy
H cnpeMajy 3HAalbe KYJle BaBHJlOHCKeAa 6H "CTeKJIH ce6H
TBapH - a TO je y cynpOTHOCTH ca Beh H3HeTOM Te30M Aa H 3aKOHOAaBal.\H
HMe': TaAa focnoA,
3aKOHOnpHMaJlal.\ Mopajy 6HTH CBECHE
nOMeTe je3HKe H paceje JbYACKanJleMeHa. COAOM H fOMOp cy CTpaAaJlH OA
JIWIHOCTJ1.
3ap ce MO)l(eAaBaTH
npHpOAHHX cTHxHja, aJlH He BOJhOM
3aKOH pH6aMa, nTHl.\aMa, APBehy, CTeHaMa HJlH BOAH?
4. J1 KOAaTeHCTaH KOATeHCTaKojH Bepyjyy "npHpoAHe 3aKoHe" y nHTa-
npHpOAHHX cTHxHja, Hero OAJlYKOM
focnOAIbOM. I1aBIlIH y pa3BpaT H AYXOBHY CMpT, 6HJlH cy Beh cnpeMHH 3a
IbY je 3a6J1y.n;a.3aKOHH HAY "OA PA3YMA PA3YMY, 0,[1; CBECHOf BJ1'liA CBECHOM BJ1'liY, 0,[1; JIJ1qHOCTJ1 KA JIJ1QHOCTJ1, 0,[1; CJIJ1QHOfA CJIJ1QHOME':
Aa 6H CnpeqHO OBO qOBeKOl.\eHTpHqHO JlYAHJlO, CBHMa
HeCTaHaK ca JlHl.\a 3eMJbe.Jep, Kao IlITO Ka)l(e Cp6CKH neCHHK Jhy60MHp CHMOBHh: "Ko ce H3 qOBeKa He nelbe y Bora, CHJla3Hy 3Bep:' A 3BepH JbYAcKor
I1peMa TOMe,Bor je Morao AaTH (H Aao je) 3aKOHecaMO qOBe-
nOpeKJla y UapcTBo BO)l(Hje He MOry yhH, HHTH Tpe6a Aa HaCTalbyjy 3eMlbY TaKMHqehH ce y 3BepCTBHMa ca AHBJbHM 3BepHMa - )l(HBOTHlbaMa.
KY, cTBopeHoM no HKOHH H nOA06Hjy CBeTe TpojHl.\e.
5. I1pHpoAa HMa HeCBeCHeCHJle,HMnYJlce KojHMa ce Kpehe H ynpaBJba,
"
I10cJle 3anOBeCTH AaTHX AAaMY H Hojy, focnOA je Aao 3aKOHe npopOlcy
aJlH 3aKOHa HeMa.
MOjCHjy H npeKO Ibera HapOAY J13paHJba, l.\PKBH CTapor 3aBeTa. J13paHJbY
j
je 06ehaHO Aa he MY CBe HhH Ha A06po aKO YIIIqyaa cTa3Y )l(HBOTa. A TO je
114
115
3HaqHJIO H ~a he MY ce npHpo~a nOKopaBaTH, H ~a he Y CBeMY Hanpe~oBa-
6pojy
TH. Y 06pTHOM cJIyqajy, JthpaHJb he )!(HBeTH Y cTpaxy, 60JIOBaTH, na~aTH Y poncTBo, naTHTH o~ cyme. 3eMJba he MY 6HTH HapO~Ha, ~pBehe HenJIO~HO,
MO)!(e ce 3aKJbyqHTH: "IIOCTOjH ~BOjCTBOH3Me1)yTaJIaCaH qeCTHQa Y KBaHTHoj MexaHHQH: 3a HeKe CBpxe KOpHCHOje 0 qeCTHQaMa pa3MHIIIJbaTH Kao 0
3BepH he KJIaTH Jby~e H CTa~a, HenpHjaTeJbH he y6HjaTH HenOCJIYIIIHe, no-
TaJIaCHMa,~OK je naK 3a ~Pyre O~ KOpHCTHTaJIaCeCMaTpaTH 3a qeCTHQe:'
MOpH H fJIa~ he HX cnona~aTH,
HT~. 11 3aHCTa - TaKO je 6HJIO. Bor ce H TY
CJIyqajeBa, B Y HeKOM ~PyroM 6pojy
H TaKO ~aJbe:' 113 CBera OBora
JIoceB je 0 MHTOJIOmjH HaYKe nHcao HOBO: "HaYKa caMa no ce6H HHje
YBeK nOKa3HBao Kao ,D;eJIaTeJb,a npHpo~a Kao nOCJIymHo opy1)e BO)!(aHCKOr
MHTOJIorHqHa. AJIH, nOHaBJbaM, TO je anCTpaKTHa, HH Ha IIITa HenpHMeH-
npOMHCJIa. BJIa~HKa HHKOJIaj yn030paBa
JbHBa HaYKa. qHM nporOBopHMO 0 peaJIHoj HaYQH, TO jecT 0 OHOj Koja je KapaKTepHCTHqHa 3a OBYHJIH OHY HCTOpHjCKYenoxy, OH~a HMaMO nOCJIaca
Ha cTpallIHY onaCHOCT o~ cQHjeHTHCTHq-
Ke 3a6JIy~e ~a cy npHpo~HH 3aKOHHY HCTHMax H ~PYIIITBeHH 3aKOHH (peQHMO, ,,60p6a 3a onCTaHat."). IIo lbeMY, TO cy H3MHIIIJbOTHHe6e360)!(HHKa. AKO HX JbY~H YCBoje, HeMHHOBHOje JIY~HJIO6paToy6HcTBa. Kao IIITO je rOBopHO enHCKon 6Y~HMCKH,D;aHHJIO- aKOnpHXBaTHMO ~a CMOnOCTaJIHO~ MajMYHa, oCTaje HaM caMO ~a ce nJIaIIIHMO jaqer rOpHJIe. (PYCKH q,HJIOCOq,COJIOBjOB pyrao ce ~apBHHHCTl1Ma, rOBopehH: "HeMa Bora, qOBeK je nOCTaOo~ MajMYHa, na xaj~e, Jby6HTe 6JIH)!(lbe cBoje!")
IIPI1MEHOM qHCTe, anCTpaKTHe HaYKe. 11eTO, 6aIll TY MH MO)!(eMO~a ~eJIYjeMo H OBaKOH OHaKO.CYIIITHHa qHCTe HaYKe cacTojH ce Y TOMe ~a nOCTaBH XHnOTe3Y H 3aMeHH je ~PyroM, caBpIlleHHjoM, aKO 3a TO HMa OCHOBa. /oo.! CBH TH 6e36pojHH q,H3HqapH, XeMHqapH, MeXaHHqapH H aCTpOHOMHHMajy IIOTIIYHO BOrOCJIOBCKE IIPE,D;CTABE 0 CBojHM 'CHJIaMa','3aKOHHMa', 'MaTepHjH', 'eJIeKTpOHHMa', 'raCOBHMa', 'TeqHOCTHMa', 'TeJIHMa', 'TOnJIOTH', 'eJIeKTpHQHTeTY', HT~. AKO 6H OHH 6HJIH qHCTH q,H3HqapH, XeMHqapH, HT~. OHH 6H ce OrpaHHqHJIH je~HHo Ha H3Bo1)elbe caMHX 3aKOHa H HHIIITa BHIlle, na H CBaKOO~ '3aKOHa', qaK H HajocHoBHHjH H HajnocTojaHHjH,
JIoceB 0 MHTOTBOpCTBY HaYKe
KO~ IbHX 6H
ce TYMaqHJIH HCKJbyqHBO caMO Kao XHnOTe3e. To 6H 6HJIa qHCTa HaYKa:' BeJIHKH PYCKH q,HJIOCOq,AJIeKcej JIoceB Y cBOjOj CTY~HjH ",D;HjaJIeKTHKa MHTa" YOqaBa MHTCKH HaqHH MHIIIJbelba HayqHHKa, H nOKa3yje KOJIHKO je OH MohaH Y cTBapalbY OHora IIITO 30BeMO "HayqHoM CJIHKOMCBeTa". EBO IIITa BeJIH JIoceB: "IIomYHo je MHTOJIOmqHa TeopHja BECKOHAqHE ,D;EJhli'lBOCTI1
ATOMA.
MaTepHja
(11 3aHCTa, Tpe6aJIo 6H ~a je TaKO: TpH~eceTHx ro~HHa XX BeKa, aycTpHjcKH JIomqap KYPT re~eJI ~OKa3ao je ~a ce CBaKH HayqHH CHCTeMMopa 3aCHHBaTH Ha aKCHOMaTCKHMnpeTnocTaBKaMa Koje ce apryMeHTHMa ~aTor CHCTeMa He MOry ~OKa3aTH; TO jecT, CBaKH HayqHH CHCTeMIIOql1BA
HA BEPI1.)
0
ce, Ka)!(y, cacTojH H3 aTOMa. AJIH IIITa je
MaTepHjaJIH3MY Kao q,YH~aMeHTaJIHoj H~eOJIOIIIKoj MaTpHQH CQHjeHTH3Ma
aToM? AKO je OHMaTepHjaJIaH, OH~a OHHMa q,OPMY H 3anpeMHHY, Ha npHMep
JIoceB BeJIH (npH qeMY He Tpe6a 3a60paBHTH ~a je 3a caBpeMeHY CBeCTMaTe-
- KOQKaCTYHJIH OKpyrJIY q,OPMY. AKO KOQKa HMa CTpaHHQY H ~HjarOHaJIY
pHja
o~pe1)eHe ~Y)!(HHe, a Kpyr HMa pa~Hjyc o~pe1)eHe ~Y)!(HHe. 11 CTpaHHQa, H
npHpo~y):
~HjarOHaJIa, H pa~Hjyc ce MOry nO~eJIHTH, Ha npHMep, Ha nOJIOBHHY,na je,
ttuciUo uHiUelleKiUYllaHoj uHiUyuu,uju TaKO~a H CTe CTpaHe Moja apryMeHTa-
= npHpo~a;
CBe IIITO JIoceB Ka)!(e 3a Bepy Y MaTepHjy, Ba)!(H H 3a Bepy Y
."MaiUepujallu3aM
ce 3acHU8a yupa80 Ha HaiUttYllHoj u upu iUOMe
npeMa TOMe, aTOM ~eJbHB H npH TOMe je ~eJbHB ~O 6eCKOHaqHOCTH.AKO OH
QHja nomYHO nOKa3yje lberOBY MHTOJIOIIIKO-~OrMaTHqKY npHpo~y.
naK HHje ~eJbHB, TO OH~a 3HaqH ~a OH HeMa npOCTopHe q,opMe, a Ta~a caM
IIITa je
0 TOMe
3anpaBO MaTepHjaJIH3aM? Kao IIITO caMa peq nOKa3yje, TY MaiUepuja Mopa ~a Hrpa HeKY noce6HY YJIory. KaKBY? OHa Mopa ~a JIe)!(H Y OCHOBHCBaKor
je JIoceB nHcao ~Ba~eceTHX rO~HHa XX BeKa, 6aIll Ka~a je q,H3HKa ~OJIa3HJIa ~O ca3Halba ~a je aTOM (He~eJbHBH) CKOpO6eCKOHaqHO~eJbHB, Ha ~pyre, jOIll
H cBaKojaKor 6Hha H Ha IbY Mopajy ~a ce CBo~e CBH Y3POQH H npBH Y3POQH )!(HBOTa H CBeTa. ,D;06po. AJIH IIITa je MaiUepuja? ,D;aJIH je TO HCTO IIITO H
cHTHHje qeCTHQe, ~a 6H Ha Kpajy noqeJIO ~a ce rOBopH 0 TaJIaCHoj npHpO~H
MaTepHjaJIHe CTBapH? HapaBHO, HHje TO HCTO.Kao IIITO ~pBeHH opMap HHje ~pBO H Kao IIITO IIITaMnaHa KIbHra HHje je~HocTaBHo xapTHja, TaKO HH MaTe-
YCKpaheH ~a CXBaTHMIIITa je aTOM MaTepHje KOjH HHje MaTepHjaJIaH:'
MaTepHjaJIHHX q,eHOMeHa. Xaj3eH6eprOB npHHQHn Heo~pe1)eHocTH Y HCTpa)i(HBalbY q,H3HKe YHeo je eJIeMeHaT HaCYMHqHOCTH,KOjH CTHBeH XOKHHr ~eq,HHHIlle OBaKO: "IIITO TaqHHje nOKYJlIaBaTe ~a H3MepHTe nOJIo)!(aj qeCTHQe, TO Malbe npeQH3HO MO)!(eTe ~a H3MepHTe lbeHY 6p3HHY - H 06paTHo:' To jecT: "YKOJIHKOce npe~Y3Me HCTOMepelbe Ha BeJIHKOM6pojy CJIHqHHXCHCTeMa,KojH cY CBH3anOqeJIH Ha HCTH HaqHH, YCTaHoBHhe ce ~a he HCXO~Mepelba 6HTH A Y H3BeCHOM
pHjaJIHa cTBap HHje je~HocTaBHo MaTepHja. AJIH MO)!(e 6HTH ~a je MaTepHja C8e ciU8apu, peiUe 3ajegHo? Me1)YTHM, Hen03HaTe cy HaM CBe CTBapH, Y3eTe 3aje~Ho, a He 3HajyhH HH IbHXOBYKOJIHqHHYHHTH KBaJIHTeTeTe cYMe He MO)!(eMOo~pe1)HBaTH MaTepHjy nOMohy TOJIHKOHejacHHx oc06HHa.
1·,,:: _,'
116
,-1"
..
117
.~'
CeM TOra, aKO jeAHa
MaTepHjallHa
CTBap HHje jeAHocTaBHO
MaTepHja,
~i
pa311HqHTHX
6H rrpeACTaBlballH)
He MOry Aa 6YAY MaTepHja.
llIeHHjHx
jeAHocTaBHO
oHAa yaeBllIH
qellHK,
HlIH he rrocTojaTH,
Aa he oApel)elbe
qellHKa
MaTepHja oApel)elbe llIlbH
A06HheMo
rroMohy
HHCY cTBapH
jeAHor
CBeT? BHAHM
TaKBY Macy
HcrrpeA
BHAHM
IIlTa
Aa je TO Aeo cBeTa).
CYHu;e, 6PAa,
peKe,
oc06HHa
MaTepHje
2.
je crrOlba-
MopaM
ce6H Aa rrpeACTaBHM
HHTH MH ra MaTepHjallHcTa u;ellHHY, Kao OrpaHHqeHO
rroKa3yje. H oApel)eHo
aHTHqKO-CpeAlbOBeKOBHH CBeT Kao u;ellHHa
caMO u;pBeHe
CBeT? OABojeHe
MaTepHje
CYHu;e, HT.L\. He 3HaqH jOllI
CYMa CBojHX AellOBa H yrlle.L\aTH
Ta.L\a ce Beh caCBHM 3arreTlbaBa,
Mamepujy MUCllUmU.
caMO 0 MaTepHjH
Hero
qaK H 0 MaTepHjallHHM
CYMH HeAoBOlbHO
CBeT Kao
3.
rOBopHTH
CTBapHMa
Kao ce Beh rrOCTaBlba
je 6ap
Aa
.L\aje He
0 CBeTY
je rrpHp;pY)l(yje IIITa
je jOllI
OCTallO .L\a MaTepHjallH-
TpH3Ma"
je OHO llITO MH upUMaMO CUOlbaUl1bUMttYllUMa. E rra Ta .L\e
1. IIpBO, rrocTojao
6eCKOHaqaH
lIaHau; ycrroHa
eBOllYU;Hja lbHXOBHX qYllHHX lbH H CBaKOM opraHY l)eHo
Orra)l(albe
opraHa.
cy6jeKmueU3Ma.
f.L\e CTe, .L\apBHHHCTH? CBaKoj lberOBor
pa3Boja
Tpeha
ce caBpeMeHH
anCTpaKU;Hja
J1JIH, MO)l(p;a je
60lbe
pehH,
CMHClIY. IIlIOTHHOBO
IIejreJIc
Je.L\Ha je
qeTBpTa
KO.L\
nopCOKaK
YKa3yjyhH
)l(HBOTH-
O.L\rOBapa O.L\pe-
KO.L\pH6a,
arrCTpaKTHO '1I0rrTaCTOCT'
Kao TaKBY, Hero MHClIHTH,
MO)l(e
6HTH .L\a
ca crrOlballIlbHM
qYllHMa?
Ha arropHje
HHX 06jeKaTa
6e3 TaqHe
p;a HX MepHTe.
KBaHTHa
L
MaTepHjallHCTHqKe
peaJIHOCT
yrr030pelbe
qOBeKa.
p;a je MaTepHja
CTpaHrrYTHu;e
rrpe
MHTOllOrH-
CBeTHClIaB
YMalbyje
Eacapa
xellHou;eH-
P;OKTpHHa ce, rrapap;OKcallHO,
YMalbyje
rra H
HH y KOM CMHCJIY HH-
CBOjHM p;ellOBalbeM
nOKa3alla peallHOCT.
J1 TO Y Hajp;OCJIOBHeYXBaTlbHBa
H p;a
HHje P;OBOlbHO 036HlbHO
CBeT YCKO je rrOBe3aH ca hopCOKaKOM
crreU;H
TeOpeTHqap
XejHU;
0
aMepHqKH
KBaHT-
ornep;Hor
MeTop;a KojHM
CTBapHOCT je p;eo rrOCMaTpaqeM
CTH. Kap; je KBaHTHa TeopHja Malbe
qYllHMa
rrop; HaClIOBOM "J1p;eOllOrHja
Koja
carna-
cy6jeKTHBHO,
H caMHM opraHHMa.
Cp6CKH rrHcau; H ecejHcTa ornep;y
Y KOMe ce HallIao
TBpP;H: "EeCMHClIeHO
orra)l(ajHMa
0 rrpHHU;Hrry
Ha He6pojeHe
cy6aToMcKa
HHllITa
BeqHa H p;a je OHa rrocTojalla
Ha Be3Y ca crrOlballIlbHM
BellH: "MaTepHjallHCTHqKa
cXBaheHO.
CBeTa. f.L\e je TY Mamepuja
Kao HellITO BeqHO H rrocTojaHO?
K0.L\ rraYKa, .L\pyra KO.L\paKa,
MaTepHje?
He MHClIH
ca CBHM lbHXOBHM
pa3MHllIlbalbY
Y KOMe ce HallIlIa
)l(HBHX 6Hha H 6eCKOHaqHO pa3HOBpCHa
Ha CBaKOM cTyrrlbY
Y3 TO cXBaTajy
rroMohy
ttYlla'? CBaKOM l)aKY je rr03HaTO .L\aje
H O.L\pel)eHa ClIHKa crrOlballIlber
Kojy MaTepHjallHcTH ClIHKa Orra)l(alba
rr03HB Ha crracelbe
cy 'crrOlballIlba
CTBapH,
je aUCmpaKmHU uojaM uoee3aHOCmU
TBpp;e p;a je MaTepHja
3aBop;H HCTpa)l(HBaqa
TO je 6ecrroMohHH
je TO 'MH' H llITa
Y rrojMY
llITO je rrOBe3aHO
ce 3arrpaBO
Kao anCOllYTHa
HHjeM
rrpHpo.L\Y MaTepHjallH3Ma.
IIITa
HellITO
KOjH y BeOMa 3aHHMlbHBOM
CTH Ka)l(Y? EBO llITa OHH jOllI Ka)l(Y.
HHU;Hja je BeOMa 3aHHMlbHBa.
MH TO MHClIHMO
MaTepHje
3HaqH p;a YKa3HBalbe llITa He rrOMa)l(e."
HlIH opraHCKa,
CBeT Kao u;ellHHa.
MH rraK rromYHO
H3 u;pBeHHX
je BH.L\eTH 'u;pBeHOCT'
MO)l(e 6HTH, MaTepHja
JIoceBlbeBOM
- HH lbHXOBa CYMa, MeXaHHqKa
MaTepHja
llITa
)l(HBOTa H )l(HBHX 6Hha
CTBap,
- HH crrOlballIlbH
MeI)YTHM,
caMH MaTepHjaJIHCTH
HHje
- HH MaTepHjallHa
cmeapu. 'MaTepHjy'
u;pBeHOCT ce rraK MO)l(e caMO arrCTpaKTHO
OBp;e Cap;p)l(aHO
CHTH. Y rrojMY
Kao u;ellHHH. ,!J;aKlIe, MaTepHja
OHO llITO
cmeapu c HaUlUM CUOlbaUl1bUMttYllUMa? HH ca OBHM ce HHje Moryhe
H qaK 0 qHTaBoj rrHTalbe
HHje TaqHO .L\aje MaTepHja
CUOlbaUl1bUM ttYlluMa MU He OUaJ/CaMOMa-
uojaM. J1CTO TaKO je HeMoryhe BH.L\eTH, qYTH, orrHrraTH Kao maKey. To je arrcTpaKTHH rrojaM. Mamepuja ce MO:HCecaMO
,!J;PYrHM peqHMa,
H yrne-
CBeT. A ceM Tora,
jep ce rroKa3yje
Y3.L\albeM
H ClIerrOM eMrrHpH3MY.
Kao H 'u;pBeHOCT'
CTBapH;
.L\e
OHa je aucmpaKmaH
MeHe je HerrperneA-
je TaAa Beh H AeTeTY jacHo
HHje jeAHocTaBHa
y rrY3eheM
qYllHMa.
H3 CTBapH
H Koja, MO)l(e 6HTH,
a CXO.L\HOTOMe H pellamueU3Ma,
HH y CYIIITHHH yorrllITe
crrOlballIlbHM
llIeCTa KO.L\OHHX caBp-
qOBeK pa3BHTH
JacHo je Aa ropeHaBe.L\eHa
H3 1I0rrTaCTHX CTBapH HT.L\. HeMoryhe
HTA. HTA. fAe
HeKa qaK ja YOqaBaM
CeM Tora,
mepujy Heio MamepujallHe
TellO ClIHqHO OHOM KaKO cy ra BHAellH
MHClIHOU;H. AlIH
HHrrOllITO
AaTH .L\pBO, Meceu;,
AlIH
H Korrpu;albeM
H3.L\BajaMo
gelloea CBeTa: rAe je rraK caM CBeT Kao u,elluHa? He BHAHM ra
Ha KOllHqHHa
rrllaHeTaMa.
rraTH OA cy6jeKTHBH3Ma,
Orra)l(aMO
geo CBeTa a He
clIyqajy,
Ha ApyrHM
y clIyqajHocT
BHAHM Meceu;. ,!J;a
lbYAe, )l(HBOTHlbe
6Hha .L\OKojHX he ce BepoBaTHo
Beh rrocToje
6ecMHclIeHo.
/Herr03HaTor/.
CTBapH HHCY CBeT: rAe je OHAa 6aUl caM CBeT? J1crrpeA
lbHXOBOj
Koja cy rro-
ce6e ApBO. ,!J;a lIH je TO CBeT HlIH HHje? JaCHO je
je TY ceem H KaKO je 3arrpaBO
rrHTalbe
HHje
CUOlbaUl1bUceem, jep 6H TO 6HlIO
rrpeKO APyror
lIH je TO cBeT? To je Meceu;, a He CBeT, Tj., Y KpajlbeM CBeT. HaAalbe,
rrepo
rrpOTHBpeqHHX
lbHX rrOCTaTH jeAHocTaBHo
Koje 06pa3yjy
Herr03HaTOr
AKO OBO qellHqHO
CBa rrepa Ha CBeTY Koja rrocToje,
Aa je TO APBO, a He CBeT (AorrYCTHMO
I
rreTa K0.L\ qOBeKa (KO.L\je.L\Hor qOBeKa MO)l(e ce Ha6poja-
TH CTOTHHe H XMlba.L\e pa311HqHTHX THrrOBa Orra)l(alba),
cTojalla
II.
CHcapa,
oHAa THM rrpe cee cmeapu, Y3eme 3ajegHo (qaK aKO 6HCMO H TaqHO TO CBe ce-
y nHTalbY,
YBHjeHo
CTBopeHe
)l(ellHTe CTBapHO-
lbyp;CKa HaMepa YTHqe Ha CTPYKTYPY
rOBopehH,
P;OllIlIH
CMO P;O ca3Halba
.L\a je
1
U8
U9
!;~,
HHKOJIaj - a TO 3HaqH Aa je BeqHTO OHOIIITO BeqHTH npeAaje CBHMa KOjH cy n03BaHH 3a Tpne3Y BeqHOCTH.
CTpYKTypa YRHBep3YMa 3aCHOBaHaHa napTHKYJIaMa Koje 3a cBoje nocTojalbe 3aXBaJIHOCTAyryjy
HCTpa)l(HBaqHMa. OCHM UITO CY
HOC,KBaHTH H KBapKOBH ynyhyjy
BpxYHal.\ 3aKOHa cy EorOM OTKpHBeHe 3anOBecTHlby6aBH,
nopYKY Aa je CTpYKTypa CBeTa npBeHCTBe-
AOHeTe HaM
y HeApHMa XpHCTa I1cyca, BanJIoheHe I1cTHHe, JIoroca (CJIOBa, CMHCJIa) H
HO HOeTHqKa H HaAaCBe
CO
HeKOM ApyroM npaB.QY. Mel)YTHM, KOHaqHH CMHcao HayqHe paA03HaJIOCTH
KOHAaT MOjCHjy 6HO je nocpeAHHK H3Mel)y Eora HlbYAH, a lby6aB XpHcToBa
HHje y OCHOBHHMao 3HaTH)I(elbY, qaK HH KOpHCT;TOje 6HJIO Tparalbe 3a TaqKOMOCJIOH.Qa, 3a 6HJIOqHM cTa6HJIHHM H HenpoMelbHBHM. KBaHTHa TeopHja
jaBlbeHa je Kao HenocpeAHH nYT Ka cycpeTY TBopl.\a H TBopeBHHe. THMe je
je npHKpHBeHa aKCHOJIOrHja:' TaKo Eacapa.
y OAHOCYHa naraHCKH. Jep, KaKO BeJIH CBeTH BJIaAHKa, HHrAe y CBeToM IlH-
npeBJIaAaH cTap03aBeTHH OAHOCnpeMa cTBapHocTH, Ma KaKO Y3BHIIIeH 6HO CMYHHje peqeHO Aa je Eor - 3aKOH, aJIH 3aTO qHTaB HOBH 3aBeT CBeAOqHAa je Eor Jby6aB. A TO 3HaqH: Eor Jby6aB CJIY)l(H,cnacaBa, nJIaqe HaA qOBeKOM,
)J;eJIHMH'IHOCT HaYKe H .QeJIOBHTOCTOTKpHBelba
30Be ra Ol.\y He6eCKOM, MOJIH Ce, nOHH)I(aBa Ce6e, paAyje ce A06py, JIeqH, xpaHH maAHe, 6AH, cnacaBa, noyqaBa, HcnpaBlba, He 60jH ce, TpnH, cTpaAa,
Y "HOMOJIOrHjH" je BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj H3BpCHOoAa6paHHM npHMepHMa H3 aHTHqKe, HCJIaMCKeH HHAYHcTHqKe TpaAH.QHje, Kao H H3 HaIIIer HapoAHor
npaIIITa, )l(pTByje ce AO CMpTH Ha KPCTY, nojeAHocTaBlbyje
npeAalba, nOKa3ao H AOKa3ao Aa YHHBep3aJIHa CBeCTqOBeqaHCTBa OAJIHqHO
Eora HlbYAH HlbYAH Mel)yc06Ho, 06HaBlba H nojaqaBa )l(HBOT. Jby6aB BacKp-
nOHMa KaKO OA HaIIIHX nocTynaKa
caBa H n06el)yje.
3aBHce cTHxHje npHpoAe.
oAHoce H3Mel)y
OHa je CBeTJIOCT,OHa je HeOAOlbHBa, OHa je BeqHa. To jecT:
XpHCTOC je CBeTJIOCT,XpHCTOC je HeoAolbHB, XpHCTOC je BeqHOCT! To 3Hajy
EBreHHjaJIHH enHCKon )l(HqKH, Aa 6H nOTKpenHO CBOjy Te3Y,y "HOMOJIOrHjH" je H3Heo qHTaB HH3 npHMepa H3 caBpeMeHe HaYKe KOjH jacHo cTaBlbajy
naTpHjapcH H npOpOl.\H Kp03 npaCJIHKe H HaroBeIIITaje, TO 3Hajy anOCTOJIH
AO 3Halba Aa
KOjH cy fa meAaJIH H3Mel)y ce6e, KojHMa je Hore npao, TO 3Hajy MyqeHHl.\H H
He': anCOJIYTHO HCTHHonoceAyjyhe
HcnOBeAHHl.\H KOjH KPB JIHjy 3a Jarlbe EO)l(je, TO 3Hajy 60roCJIOBH KOjH XPH-
06JIaCTH lbYACKor 3Halba, Hero cy, Kao
CTOM- CJIOBOMrOBope 0 Eory, TO 3Hajy nYCTHlbal.\H, KojHMa XpHCTOC, H3BOp BOAe )l(HBe, OCBe)l(aBaYMopHe Ayrne, TO 3Hajy Ol.\HqYAOTBOPl.\HKojHlbHMe
H CBH ApyrH BHAOBH XOpH30HTaJIHOr 3Halba, peJIaTHBHe H npOJIa3He, npH6JIH)I(He H HecHrypHe, KpXKe H palbHBe. OH .QHTHpaAjHIIITajHa,
Xaj3eH6ep-
qHHe qYAa... To H MH, HajMalbH H HajrpeIIIHHjH, y TpeHYl.\HMa KaA HHCMO)l(HBH JIeIIIeBH, ocehaMo H 3HaMO...
ra, JIoI,la, I,IHHca, KojH, CBaKH Ha CBOj HaqHH, pyrne HJIY3Hje H naJIe KYJIHCe MeXaHHl.\HCTHqKe CJIHKe CBeTa. Beh nOMeHYTH I,IHHC, nOMaJIO OqajHHqKH, caonIIITaBa:
"v13meAa Aa HHjeAHa TBap He noceAyje
U;pKBeHa neCMa 6JIarOBecTH: "fAe Eor xohe, n06el)yje
Ma KaKBY cTBapHocT
ce npHpoAHH no-
Koja 6H ce pa3JIHKOBaJIa 0A MeHTaJIHe HAeje... HayqHHl.\H He rOBope BHIIIe 0
peAaK:' HaIII 3JIaToycTH BJIaAHKaHac HenpeKHAHO n03HBa Aa ce Tora cehaMO,
AeTepMHHH3MY, Hero 0 BepOBaTHohH:' EAHHITOH AOAaje: "I1Ma HeIIITO paAH-
jep je y TOMe 60)l(aHCKOM "Xohy!"
KaJIHOnorpeIIIHO y OCHOBHHMCXBaTalbHMa
CaBHJIOHe6eca H focnOAa CBHjy yqHHHJIO CJIyrOM CBHjy... OHO IIITO je CHHa EO)l(Hjer yqHHHJIO CHHOM AjeBe. Aa je no npHpOAHOM nopeTKY, MH 6HCMO AOAaHac 6HJIH CY)l(lbH CMpTH Hl)aBOJIa. AJIH HHCMO,jep je n06el)eH nopeAaK
AeJIHMHqHOCT HayqHor 3Halba H lberoBY HeAoBolbHOCT BJIaAHKa HHKO-
npHpOAe, jep BaCKpCJIHXpHCTOC 6HBa JIeKOM6eCMpTHOCTH3a CBe.
JIaj y "HOMOJIOmjH" AO Kpaja oTKpHBa H pa306JIHqaBa. A IIITa 0 TOMe Ka)l(e CTHBeH XOKHHr? EBO HeKOJIHKOTe3a: ,,/ .../ HanpeAOBaJIH CMOHa Taj HaqHH
BJIaAHKa AYXOM CBeTHM PYIIIH 3HAHHe pal.\HOHaJIHCTHqKOr JepHxoHa, H 06jaBlbyje:
IIITO CMOnOCTaBlbaJIH AeJIHMHqHe TeopHje Koje cy onHCHBaJIe OrpaHHqeHH
1. HeMa npHpoAHor 3aKOHa. 2. 3aKoH je EO)l(jH Aap qOBeKY: npBo Kao CABECT,
pacnOH nojaBa, a 3aHeMapHBaJIe OCTaJIaAejcTBa HJIHHM oApel)HBaJIe npH6JIH)l(He BpeAHOCTH H3BeCHHM 6pojeBHMa. / .../ 113 nepcneKTHBHe y06HqajeHor HayqHor npHcTyna
rpal)elbY
OHO 60)l(aHCKO: "BOJIHM Tel': OHOIIITO je
3aTHM Kao MojcHjeB
AeKaJIOr.
HeKor MaTeMaTHqKOr MOAeJIaHHje Moryhe OA-
3. 3aKoH je HeAOBOlbaHAa Hac cnace AO ponCTBa naJIOCTH;
rOBopHTH Ha nHTalbe 3aIIITO yonIIITe nocTojH BacelbeHa KOjy 6H Taj MOAeJI onHcao. 3aIIITO 6H ce BacelbeHa yonIIITe ynyrnTaJIa y TO Aa nocTojH?"
4. Y XpHCTY, CHHY EO)l(HjeM, CBeTa TpojHl.\a Hac je 06AapHJIa lby6aBlbY, jeAHHoM CHJIOMKoja je y CTalbY Aa Hac npe06pa3H y Ael.\y CBeTJIOCTHH Aa Hac
JeAHHH HCTHHHTOje EO)l(HjH 3aKOH. He60 H 3eMlba, AaKJIe CBe CTBope-
Y3AHrHe H3HaA npOJIa3HOr H CMpTHor.
HO, npohH he, aJIH peq EO)l(ja Hehe npohH! "MOpaJIHH 3aKOHje BeqHT", Ka)l(e
~
120 Ila p;06po, aKO Y npJ1pop;J1 HeMa 3aKOHa, 'Iera J1Ma? YlMa IlOPETKA, CKJIA,UA, JIEIlOTE. CBJ1 aHreJIJ1 J1 CBeQJ1, QeJIO CBe-
1· ..\.;;'
!
$1;:<
121
IlOKYIIlaj CTBapafba
6J10 je npoMaIIlaj:
XYMaHJ1CTJ1'IKe (60Jbe pehJ1 - XOMJ1HJ1CTJ1'IKe) eTJ1Ke nJIJ1TKJ1 MOpaJIJ13aM HJ1je Morao
p;a 3aYCTaBJ1 MOpaJIHJ1
~.
TO IlJ1CMO J1CBa 60rOCJIY)I(efba npaBOCJIaBHa, CJIaBe Eora 3a npep;J1BHO YCTPO-
pacnap;
jeH KOCMOC,3a cjaj J1 KpaCOTY TBOpeBJ1He. faHYTJ1 Qap ,UaBJ1p; Ka)l(e: "Kap;a
OQa HaIIler KojJ1 je Ha He6ecJ1Ma, EBpOnJbaHJ1 cy nO'IeJIJ1 p;a nop;pa)l(aBajy npJ1pop;y: 03BepJ1JIJ1 ce, CKaMeHJ1JIJ1, CJIep;J1JIJ1.A TO je 3axBaTJ1JIO J1 Herp;a
nOrJIep;aM He6eca,
p;eJIa npCTJ1jy TBOjJ1Xi MeceQ J1 3Be3p;e, Koje TJ1 OCHOBa;
UITa je 'IOBeK p;a ra ce cehaIIl?
je caBpIIleHcTBa
Yl 6YKHYJIJ1cy paTOBJ1. YMeCTO p;a XJ1Tajy Ka caBpIIleHCTBY
npaBOCJIaBHe Hapop;e ...
YlJIJ1CJ1H'IOBe'IJ1jJ1 p;a ra nOXOp;J1IIl?" (TIC. 8,45).
CaB CKJIap;Y npJ1pop;J1 CYlMBOJI
EBpone.
BJIap;J1Ka HJ1KOJIaj 3aKJbyqyje
J1 CBeTOCTJ13aKoHa p;aTor
CBojy CTYP;J1jynpJ13HaBafbeM
HaYKe Kp03
fbeHa nOY3p;aHa 3Hafba J1 npOHaJIaCKe, aJIJ1 0p;6J1ja p;a C TOM "ja6YKOM" ryTa J1
aHreJIJ1Ma J1Jbyp;J1Ma. Tora MOry 6J1TJ1CBeCHJ1aHreJIJ1 J1 JbYP;J1,aJIJ1 He J1 npJ1pop;a. HJ1rp;e HeMa CJIyqaja: OKO EO)l(J1je BJ1P;J1CBaKO 3pHO npaIIlJ1He, BJIaCJ1
"npaIIlJ1HY" HayqHJ1X XJ1nOTe3a J1 TeOpJ1je. lIJ1TaB KOCMOCje BeJIJ1Ka 3rpap;a
cy HaM J136pojaHe, HJ1Bpa6aQ He nap;a ca rpaHe 6e3 O'IeBOr 3Hafba, KanJ1 KJ1-
n030pJ1IIlTa
IIle p;a)l(p;e Ha MeCTO Koje J1Mje op;pel)eHO. IlpJ1pop;a je xpaM y KOMe 6JIJ1CTajy
CMJ1CaOTe 3rpap;e. fJIaBHJ1 JYHaK p;paMe je CJ1H EO)l(jJ1 KojJ1 Hac je CBOjJ1M
Ha 'IJ1joj ce MaJIeHoj 6J1HJ1Op;J1rpaBa p;paMa 'IOBeKOBa, Koja je caB
OrfbeBJ1 'IJ1CTOTe J1'Iep;HOCTJ1. KaKo je rOBOpJ10 CBeTJ1 JYCTJ1HneJIJ1jcKJ1, CBa
KpCTOM YCJ1HOBJ10OQY He6eCKOM J1 06HOBJ10 Hac 'uYXOM CBeTJ1M. Eor je
npJ1pop;a je EorojaBJbefbe
'IOBeKa Y3BJ1CJ10CTBOpJ1BIIlJ1 ra no CBOM JIJ1KYJ1 nop;06J1jy, J1 06HOBJ1BIIlJ1
... A 'IOBeK je CBeIIlTeHJ1K KOjJ1je n03BaH p;a Eory op;
EO)l(jer npJ1HOCJ1 )l(PTBY J1 p;a 6JIarop;apJ1 ,,0 cBjex J1 3a Bcja': 1I0BeK je JIJ1Typr
ra y XpJ1CTY, p;ajyhJ1 HaM )l(J1BOT Be'IHJ1. 3aTO cy HaM CBeTaQ J1 BJ1Te3 MJ1JIJ1-
y TIpBOJIJ1TYPry XpJ1CTY, apxJ1jepejy
jJ1 op; CJ1pJ1jyca, EJIJ13aHaQa J1 BJIaIIlJ1ha, 3Be3p;a J1 nJIaHeTa,
no 'IJ1HYMeJIXJ1Cep;eKoBoM. Eor je fOCTO-
Koje cy cat.1O
Jby6J1BJ1 ,UoMahJ1H KOjJ1 'IOBeKa yaoP;J1 y HajJIenIIlY rOCTJ1HcKY c06y - oBaj
JIaMnJ10HJ1 J1 p;eKOp 3a J13Bol)efbe BeJIJ1'IaHCTBeHe npep;CTaBe. Kap; ce 3aBeca
CBeT, a Ha p;aH CBap;6e YBeIIlhe ra J1 y 6pa'IHY JIO)l(HJ1QY.1I0BeK CTora Tpe6a
cnYCTJ1, 3rpap;a n030pJ1IIlTa
p;a 6yp;e 3aXBaJIHJ1 rOCT, oHaj KOjJ1p;06pe p;apoBe ca pap;oIIlhy
CBJ1jYHaQJ1 p;paMe p;a 6J1 OHJ1KojJ1 cy ce 60pJ1JIJ1 Ha CTpaHJ1 rJIaBHOr jYHaKa
IIlhy npJ1Ma J1 ca fbJ1Ma nocTyna
J1 6JIarOp;apHo-
npJ1MJ1JIJ1J13lherOBJ1X PYKY Be'IHJ1 J1 HenpOJIa3HJ1 )l(J1BOT.Ka)l(e CBeTJ1 HJ1-
OHaKO KaKO ,UoMahJ1H 6JIarOCJIOBJ1. J1 nOp;BJIa-
KOJIaj: "Kap; CBa BaCJ10Ha, p;aKJIe, ca QeJIJ1M CBOjJ1MnopeTKoM
J1IIl'Ie3He Kao
p;a CMOnpecTynJ1JIJ1 HOp-
ceHKa, p;Be HajBehe BaCJ10HCKe Bpep;HOCTJ1oCTahe J1 nocTojahe
J1 Hap;aJbe: Te
AKO ce HapyrnJ1 3aKOH EO)l(jJ1, npJ1pop;a ry6J1 CBOj nopep;aK IIlhyje ce pa30pHJ1M CTJ1XJ1jaMaKoje Hac nop;cehajy
J1 KYJIJ1Cehe 6J1TJ1npep;aTe orfbY, aJIJ1 he OCTaTJ1
MY 6J1TJ1ja. HJ1 TY HeMa CJIyqaja: CBe je no JIOfJ1QJ1JIoroca
p;Be Bpep;HOCTJ1J1jecy: npaBJ1 JbYP;J1J1 QapCKJ1 3aKOH Jby6aBJ1:'
XpJ1CTa.
BJIap;J1Ka HJ1KOJIaj KopeH He06Y3p;aHOCTJ1 J1 MaXHJ1TOCTJ1 cQJ1jeHTJ1CTJ1'IKOr p;yxa 3anap;a
BJ1P;J1y oTnap;afbY PJ1MCKe QPKBe op; J1CTJ1HJ1Tep;or-
MaTCKO-eTJ1'IKe cTBapHOCTJ1 IlpaBOCJIaBJba.
Te3e 3a pa3MHmJbalbe
He )l(J1BehJ1 YlcTJ1HOM, nanCKJ1
1. 1I0BeK je, no J13BOpHOMHa3Ha'IefbY, CBeIIlTeHJ1KJ1 60rOCJIOB, oHaj KOjJ1
CXOJIaCTJ1'IapJ1 cy nO'IeJIJ1 p;a )l(J1Be pa3YMoM. YTeMeJbJ1Ba'IJ1 caBpeMeHJ1X npJ1pOp;HJ1X HaYKa 6p30
cy ce OCJI060p;J1JIJ1 TeOJIOIIlKJ1X06pa3J1Ha
Eory npJ1HOCJ1CBYTBap y 3HaK 6JIarOp;apHOCTJ1 360r Hajp;J1BHJ1jer p;apa - JIJ1'I-
J1, Y)l(a-
CHYTJ1OTKpJ1heM KOCMJ1'IKJ1X6e3p;aHa, nOMJ1CJIJ1JIJ1p;a je Eor OTJ1IIlaO, p;a fa
Hor nocTojafba
BJ1IIle HeMa ca HaMa, p;a je OH Ha3aJ1HTepeCOBaHJ1 IlpBJ1 nOKpeTa'I,
B06J1THO CBeIIlTeHJ1'IKO 3Hafbe - Eoron03Hafbe
cTpaBa
a Kap;a je
y CBeTJIOCTJ1CyrnTor.
TJ1He. OH KOjJ1je EorOM CJIOBJ10(360pJ10)
EorOOCTaBJbeHOCTJ1 p;OCTJ1rJIa BpxYHaQ, HJ1'Ie je KpJ1KHYO: "Eor je
MpTaB!" HayqHJ1QJ1 cy J13MaIIlTaJIJ1 npJ1pOp;He 3aKOHe nJIaIIlehJ1 ce p;a oCTaHY
CJIaBOCJIOBJbeTBOPQY, o6peo
6e3 J1KaKBJ1X3aKOHa. IlocJIep;J1Qa Tora je peJIaTJ1BJ13aM KOjJ1je pa30pJ10
CJIaBe; nO'Ieo je p;a 3a60paBJba
CBe
Taj "HaTypaJIJ13aM", TO nOJ1CTOBehefbe ca npJ1pop;-
HOM J1 fbeHJ1M ,,3aKOHJ1Ma': no CBeTOM HJ1KOJIajy, 3Ha'IJ1JIJ1 cy KfbJ1)1(eBHOCT Kao onJ1C pa3BpaTa, npe3J1pafbe
YMeTHOCT J1 MOp;y Kao 6eCTJ1p;HYrOJIOTJ1fbY, Tpne3Y Kao
nOCTa, nopop;J1QY paCTO'IeHY CaMOBOJbOMMJIal)J1X, 6paK KaO Te-
JIeCHY Be3Y Koja ce 6p30 KJ1p;a, nOCJIOBHOCTKao BeIIlTJ1HY npeBape, KY Kao 60p6y
3a BJIaCT J1 J1Mafbe, P;PYIIlTBO Kao cYK06JbaBafbe
nOJIJ1TJ1-
HenOMJ1pJbJ1-
BJ1XKJIaCa J1 CTaJIe)l(a, Mel)YHapop;He op;Hoce Kao HaCJ1Jbe J1 OTJ1Mafbe Tyl)er.
- CKpIIlKJIO ce y MHore KpXO-
'IJ1TaBoj TBapJ1, n03J1BajyhJ1 je Ha
ce npep; C060M CaMJ1M, J13maHJ1M J13 UapcTBa OHO IIlTO je JIOrOCOM, Kp03 Kora je cTBopeH,
3Hao ... lherOBO J13BOpHO, UEJIO
60)l(aHCKO J1Y3BJ1IIleHO y 3anap;Hoj KYJITYPJ1.(IlpJ1 'IeMY je p;aHac, BJ1IIle J1JIJ1 Mafbe, Qeo CBeT 3anap;.)
Kap; je Ap;aM nao y CMPT, fberOBO np-
- MY,UPEHO
3Hafbe nOCTaJIO je nJIOTCKO
MYP;poBafbe ocyl)eHo Ha TpYJIe)l(HOCT CMpTJ1.Op;aTJIe cy pol)eHe naraHCKe pe-
{~
I
JIJ1fJ1je (JIa)l(Ha CJIaBOCJIOBJba,3JIOCJIaBJba), YMeTHOCTJ1(TparOBJ1 OHt;,J1CKOHCKe JIenoTe Kojy je Ap;aM HeKap;a J1MaO, na je J13ry6J10), HaYKe (p;OBJ1jafba J1 p;OrMJ13J1Bafba y nOKyrnajy p;a ce p;oceme HeBe'Iepfba).
1 1
J1CTJ1HCKO3Hafbe Koje je CBeTJIOCT
Pa3-Cpep;J1IIlTeH J1 JIJ1IIleH ce6e, Ap;aM je nO'Ieo p;a J13MaIIlTaBa
TEXHOJIOfYlJY
(MarJ1jcKY, aJIXeMJ1jcKY, HayqHY, YMeTHJ1'IKY) KojOM he p;o-
cemYTJ1 ce6e Herp;aIIlfber ... HapaBHo,
caM C060M 6J10 je nOTnYHo HeMohaH.
122
123
TeK Y XpHCTY, Tj. Y UPKBH, Moryha je 06HoBa UEJIOMY,lJ;PEHOCTJ1 je rrpe~OKYIllaj )l(HBOTa Y He6ecKoM JepycalIHMY ...
Koja
2. HaYKe cY "lIHHHja Malber oTrropa': IlOIIITO je XlIe6 60rOClIOBJba, je~H-
1<,,: i ~ : ,7">
,t
.::
•..~;,
,,06jeKTHBaH", OHH KOjH cy BHKalIH "PacrrHH fa!': H3rHHYlIH 6H Kao ,lJ;aTaH
H ABHpOH. AlIH He! OH HHje ,,06jeKTHBaH"! OH Hac BOlIH, H OqHMa Jby6aBH rrOCMaTpa CBaKYTBaplW KOjy je CTBOpHO:OA 3pHa rrpaIIIHHe AO aHrelIa ... HH
HH Ha rroTpe6y, qOBeK rroqeo ~a je~e Y 3HOjy lIHu;a CBora, jep MY je cpu;e 3apa-
qOBeK CTBapHOCTHe 3Ha 06jeKTHBHO. OH y IbY yqHTaBa ce6e. AKO je ca XPH-
ClIO Y KOpOB CTpaCTH Koje rrOMpaqyjy rrYT 60rOrr03Halba, yqHHHlIO MY ce ~a
CTOM,aKOu;elIOMYApeHHM OKOMBHAH CBeT,TaAa MY CBe61IHCTarrpB03AaHOM
ce u;elIOCHOCT3Halba MO)l(e ~OCTHhH rrpeqHU;OM, pOHehH y TBap ... AlIH, KaKO
qHCTOTOM;aKOje 6e3 XpHCTa, OH CBeTHa3Hpe rpeXOM - H CBeMY je HejacHo,
peqe IlporroBe~HHK,
MYTHO, 3arOHeTHO, CTpaHO, Tyl)e, oA60jHO ... ,,06jeKTHBHO':
TOje TaIIITHHa, TaIIITHHa Ha~ TaIIITHHaMa: TBap OqeKY-
lIaB H MeABeA
je O~rOBOp O~ qOBeKa! OHa 3a IbHM, rroTeHU;HjalIHHM CHHOM DO)l(HjHM rro
paCTp)l(Y qOBeKa Ka~ ra BH~e. AlIH, lIaB je 6HO rrOClIYIIIHH clIyra CBeTor fe-
61Iaro~aTH, Y3~HIlle H BarrH, OHa y lbeMY )l(elIH ~a oTKpHje DOra. YMecTo Aa,
paCHMa JOPAaHCKor, a MeABeA je ~OHOCHOIllYMCKH Me~ CBeTOM Cepa
XpHCTOM )l(HBehH H ~HIllyhH,
CapoBcKoM. To 3HaqH: 3BepH cy ~HBJbe jep CMOMH AHBJbH, rpexoM H cMphy
TBap oClI06al)a H rrperropal)a,
qOBeK ce KpHje
ra CTBopeHor, Hero 6ecoMyqHH THpaHHH KOjH rrpHpo~y rrOp06JbaBa, MyqH,
03BepeHH. A Ka~ ce qOBeK 060)l(H H rrperropoAH, CBarrpHpOAa MY ce YMHJbaBa, jep Kp03 lberOBO OKOrJIe~a je CBeTa TpojHu;a ...
TepopHIlle, HaAajyhH ce ~a he 1b0Me YTehH 0A TBop.u;a H ca3~aTH HeKaKaB TeXHOlIOIIIKH paj Ha 3eMJbH...
HOAa He. HaYKY, Kao H CBeOCTalIOqHMe ce qOBeK 6aBH, Tpe6a rrperropal)aTH,
0A XpHCTa Y OHOY IIITa ce He MO)l(e caKpHTH. OH HHje 61Iam rocrrOAap CBe-
3. IIITa je TexHolIomja?
7.IIITa OBO3HaqH? ,lJ;alIH HaYKYTpe6a yrrOTIIYHOCTH OA6aU;HTH?HapaByrroTpe6JbaBaTH OHOIIITO je KOpHCHO,ClIY)l(HTH ce 1b0Me... AlIH CBarAa Tpe6a
)J(eJba Aa ce )l(HBOT Ha 3eMJbH, y KoopAHHaTaMa
rralIOCTH, yqHHH IIITO y~06HHjHM H cHrypHHjHM. To 3HaqH: YA06HHje YMHpa-
H36eraBaTH rrpHXBaTalbe HayqHHx TYMaqelba CTBapHOCTHKoja cy rrpH61IH-
TH. To 3HaqH: cTBapaTH ce6H "clI060AHO BpeMe" (Tj. OHOBpeMe y KOMe CMO
)l(Ha H HerrOTrrYHa, Tj. caMO ClIYTlbe ... OTKpHBelbe je BPXYHCKHKpHTepHjYM
clI060AHH 0A pa~a). Pa~ y ,,3HOjy lIHu;a" Hac rroAceha Ha HaIllY rralIOCT ca
HCTHHHTOCTH,jep je HaYKa qeCTO KBa3HTeolIorHja. IloroToBY
lbeHe TaMHHje, Te)l(e CTpaHe; clI060AHO, rraK, BpeMe OTBapa MoryhHOCTH 3a
arrOlIoreTH Mopajy Aa H36eraBajy HayqHHqKO HAolIorrOKlIOHCTBO: OHH cy rro-
H)I(HBJbaBalbe rrOXOTay KojHMa ce rrperr03HajeMo Kao y CBOM"ja': TeXHOlIomja je 6eKCTBOO~ TeolIomje: OHa He oClI06al)a, Hero rrOp06JbaBa qOBeKa, 063H-
Tpe6HH HayqHHU;HMa Aa 6H HM 06jacHHlIH TajHe OTKpHBelba, a He Aa 6H ce
~aBajyhH Aa AelIHMa lberOBHX PYKY, rrpeTBapajyhH
0AYIlleBJbaBalIH cU;HjeHTHCTHqKOM,,06jeKTHBHoIllhy':
rrpaBOClIaBHH
..
8. J1 CBarAa 3HaTH: HaIlla 3Halba H rrp03pelba cy HerroTrrYHa H lIHIlleHa
ra y H~OlIorrOKlIOHHKa.
CMHClIaaKOcy 6e3 lby6aBH, 6e3 Dora HaIller ... IlYHoTa lby6aBH je rrYHoTa rro-
4. CBeTH OU;H cy 0A Dora A06HlIH 3Halba 0 OHOMeIIITO je rroTpe6Ho 3a crracelbe, a He 0 cBeMY IIITO ce MO)l(e3HaTH. YMHO)l(aBaTH 6e361IaroAaTHo 3Ha-
3Halba; 3aTO ca cMHpelbeM H HaAOM y JIHTyprHjcKoM AOlIa3aK CBaA6e JarlbeToBe ...
Ibe, 3Halbe Koje HHKYA He BO~H, 3HaqH 06MalbHBaTH ce 6e3HaqajHHM.
clIaBOClIOBJbY,qeKaMO
5. Te)l(lba Aa ce qOBeK, caB y rpeXOBHHM KpXOTHHaMa, Hcu;elIH H 3au;elIH, HY)l(aH je H3pa3 HaIlle 60rOlIHKOCTH. JeAaH rrYT Hcu;elIelba je rrYT UpKBe Kao
CBeTH HHKOJIaj )I(H'IKH
EBxapHcTHje, Y Kojoj ce rrOHOp H3Mel)y TBopu;a H TBopeBHHe rrpeMoIllhyje lIHqHOIllhy JIoroca DO)l(Hjer, Dora H qOBeKa. ,lJ;pym rrYT je rrYT MamjcKor qe3Hyha 3a 6e31IHqHHM "OKeaHOM 61Ia)l(eHCTBa': 3a crraCOHOCHHM3HalbeM KOjHM heMo caMH ce6H 6HTH 60roBH ... HaYKa H TexHolIomja cy 6HlIH Ha OBOMApyroM rrYTY; 6ecrrYTHU;H, OqHTO.
yrlIaBHoM YBeK
6. He Tpe6a ce 3aHOCHTH,,06jeKTHBHoIllhy': IlpHqa 0 cy6jeKTY H 06jeKTY je rrpHqa CXOlIaCTHqKOr 3arraAa. IlpaBOClIaBJbe 3Ha 3a lIHqHOCHH 0AHOC
o TPH aBeTH eBponCKe D;HBHJIH3aD;Hje
~
t
~ I.{
rr03Haje ra Jby6aBHo, y 3aje~HHU;H, a He 06jeKTHBHO ... ,lJ;aje XpHCTOC 6HO ,,06jeKTHBaH" jOIll 6H Ba)l(HO 3aKOH "OKO 3a OKO,3y6 3a 3y6"; ~a je XpHCTOC 6HO ,,06jeKTHBaH': rrOClIYIllao 6H CHHOBe3aBe~ejeBe KaA cy fa MOlIHlIH Aa crralIH caMapjaHcKo celIO Koje je oA6HlIO ~a fa rrpHMH; Aa je XpHCTOC 6HO
)J(HqKH
OMlIaAHHH EBporre, TBPAehH Aa je ,lJ;apBHH,
OTau;HHqeOBe
i
rrpeMa cBeTY. Dor je CBeTCTBOpHOH3 Jby6aBH H TOMJby6aBJbY DO)l(HjOM CBeT ce O~p)l(aBa. Dor OTau; CBeT 3Ha XpHCTOM H ,lJ;YXOMCBeTHM, Tj. UPKBOM;
fO~HHe 1939, Y ceHU;H ,lJ;pyror CBeTCKor paTa, CBeTH HHKolIaj rrHIlle rroclIaHHU;y xpHIllhaHcKoj
,
"rrocToje CBeMoryhe CHlIe H <paKTopH H3Y3eB Dora, Ayxa H MopalIa': Ilpa3HHHY Koja je OCTalIa ~a 3jarrH Ha MeCTY DO)l(jeM, HHqe je rrOKYIllao Aa rrorrYHH H3MaIIITaHHM lIHKOM HaTqOBeKa, a MapKC rrpolIeTepcKoM
BOjcKOM y 60p6H
3a "XlIe6 H Moh': ApHjeBau; HHqe H JeBpejHH MapKc CHrypHO 6H 6HlIH oA60jHH jeAaH ApyroM, alIH cy HrraK 61IH3aHU;HCBor ou;a ,lJ;apBHHa.JeAaH je "pHl)a 3Bep': ApyrH "u;pBeHa 3Bep': H 06a jype Aa rrp0)l(Aepy Jarlbe DO)l(je. JIYAHlIO
1
AapBHHH3Ma Koje cy eBporrcKH YHHBep3HTeTH CBHMa rrporroBeAalIH AOBelIo
125
124 je AO CBeOIIlIITe Hecpehe, H AO TOra Aa cY "qHTaBH HapoAH nOBeAeHH nYTeM HHqeH3Ma HnH MapKCH3Ma". 3aTo "HHqeaHCKe HaAHaQHje H MapKCHCTHqKe
H IIon IlOT. CneAehH AapBHHHCTHqKY nornKY ,,60p6e 3a onCTaHaK" npeTBO-
HHTepHaQHOHane Ap)l(e AaHaC BaCQenH CBeTY qYAY H cTpaxy" (HapaBHO, OBAe HHKonaj MHCnH Ha XHTnepOBY HeMaqKY H CTaJbHHOBYCOBjeTHjy).
MYHH3Ma': n06HnH OKOCTOMHnHOHa JbYAH, 0A PycHje AO JY)l(He AMepHKe.
peHe y "KnaCHY 60p6y':
KOMYHHCTHcy JbYAeHCTpe6JbHBanH CTpeJbalbe, Bellialbe, AaBJbelbe, npe6HjaIbe, TpOBalbe. Y6HjanH cy nonynaQHjy
HHqe je TaKol)e 6HO AocneAaH AapBHHHCTa, KOjH je BepOBaO Aa qOBeK
~
..
KOMYHHCTHcy, npeMa CBeAOqelbY "UpHe KIbHre KO-
H3rnaAIbHBalbeM, BellITaqKOM rnal)y,
MOpa Aa npeY3Me KOpaKe Y HCnpaBJbalbY eBOnYTHBHOr TOKa Ka HaTqOBeKY· Y "BOJbH 3a Moh" HHqe nOAp)l(aBa 06paqYH APYlliTBa ca HeMOhHHMa H cna-
AenopTaQHjaMa, npHCHnHHM paAOM. KOMYHHCTHqKH KOHQnoropH HCTpe6HnH cy BHllIe JbYAH0A HaQHCTHqKHX.
6HMa: ,,'uPYlliTBO 6H Y BenHKOM 6pojy cnyqajeBa Tpe6ano Aa CnpeqH pal)aIbe: ca THM QHJbeM OHO MO)l(e Aa, 6e3 063Hpa Ha nOpeKnO, paHr HnH AYX,
je jacHo peKao Aa "Ap)l(aBa Mopa Aa ce nOCTapa Aa caMO 3ApaBH pal)ajy Ae-
BynrapHH HHqeaHaQ XHTnep TaKol)e je 6HO AocneAHH AapBHHHCTa. OH
AP)l(H Y npHnpaBHOCTH HajCTpo)l(e Mepe npHCHne, nHllIaBalba cn060Ae, a Y
QY" - jeAHHo TaKO he ce CTBOpHTH HaAJbYAH AOCTOjHH )l(HBOTa. Y TeKcTY
HeKHM cnyqajeBHMa
I,IopI,Ia CTajHa, "EHonorHja H KopeHH HaQH3Ma': oBaj HCTpa)l(HBaq TBPAH Aa je HaQH3aM npBH nOKYIIIaj opraHH30Balba 3ajeAHHQe Ha HaqenHMa 6HO-
nocne "YHHllITelba
H KaCTpHpalba:' HajaBJbHBaO je Aa he Y 6YAyhHOCTH, CBHX AereHepHKa H napa3HTa': MohH Aa ce nojaBe HOBe
nonHTHKe "noTnYHo
AHoHHcHjcKe <popMe )l(HBOTa.
carnaCHe ca HayqHHM qHlbeHHQaMa AapBHHHCTHqKe
eBonYQHje': A eBonYQHoHHcTa ApTYP KHT, Y CBOjOj KlbH3H "EBonYQHja H
MeI)YTHM, HHKonaj BenH Aa ce AapBHHH3aM KnOHH CBOMKpajy, jep ra HOCTBOH MapKcH3aM, TaKol)e Mopajy naCTH. HHKonaj, llIaJbyhH CBOj6narocnoB
eTHKa': TBPAHO je Aa je
eBponcKoj xpHllIhaHcKoj
3aKOHOMH3 1933. rOAHHe, 350.000 MeHTanHO 3aOCTanHX H YMHO nopeMehe-
Ba HaYKa nOpHqe; anH, H lberOBa qeAa, MaKap Aa caA Aenyjy MohHO, HHqeaHoMnaAHHH, YKa3yje Ha TOAa he Jarlbe n06eAHTH CBe
HHX, H OKO30 xHJbaAa POMa cTepHnHcaHo je pa3HHM MeToAaMa - 0A KacTpa-
3BepH AapBHHoBcKor nopeKna - jep je OHO XpHCTOC CBen06eAHH. HHKonaj n03HBa oMnaAHHY EBpone Aa YCTaHe npoTHB 6e360)l(ja 360r
QHje AO eneKTpHqHHX 1lI0KOBa y reHHTanHje. Ha APyroj cTpaHH, apHjeBQH par exellance, eceCOBQH,napHnH cy ce ca AeBojKaMa HaMelbeHHM 3a pal)albe "qHCTe pace" - 6paK je npecTao Aa Ba)l(H, a JbYAHcy nOCTanH caMO 6HonollIKH MaTepHjan.
Kojer "Hallia 6paha Apyrnx paca H penHrHja" (06paTHMo na)l(lbY - y OBOA06a 6yja HaQHCTHqKH pacH3aM) npe3Hpy H Mp3e EBpony. JeAHHo A06po llITO H3 EBpone Aona3H ApyrHM KOHTHHeHTHMaje XpHcToBa HaYKa H HHllITa APyrO. TeK aKO ce TO CXBaTH - qOBeqaHCTBOhe ce oneT BpaTHTH ce6H. KonHKo je HHKonaj Ay60KO ynyheH y TeMY "nponacTH
Ko rOA 6H XTeo Aa ,UapBHHa ocn060AH OA oAroBopHoCTH 3a norpelliHY HHTepnpeTaQHjy lberOBor OCHOBHor CTaBa, HaHna3H Ha caMe ,UapBHHOBe
3anaAa': MO)l(e
ce BHAeTH aKO ce 3aHCTa HCTpa)l(H YTHQaj AapBHHH3Ma Ha 3nOqHHaqKe HAe-
TBpAlbe. Y CBOjOj KlbH3H "IlopeKno qOBeKa" ,UapBHH je TBPAHOAa HH)I(e pace Tpe6a Aa HecTaHY, H Aa 6enH JbYAHHeMajy nOTpe6e Aa HX llITHTe. TaKol)e,
onorHje ABaAeceTor BeKa - KOMYHH3aM H HaQH3aM.
BepoBao je Aa cy AOMOPOQHA
KpeHHMo OA CPOAHOCTH,OHe Ay6HHcKe, y npHXBaTalbY ,UapBHHa Kao AyxoBHor oQa - KOA MapKca H HHqea. qHM ce nojaBHno ,UapBHHoBO "IIo-
CBH AapBHHHcTH cy 6HnH pacHcTH, KOjH cy rOBopHnH 0 cynepHopHo-
peKno BPCTa': MapKc je 19. AeQeM6pa 1860. EHrency nHcao: "OBO je KIbHra Koja, y 06nacTH npHpoAHe HCTopHje, CaAp)l(H OCHOBY3a Hallie rneAHllITe:'
CTH 6ene pace HaA ApyrHM pacaMa. Xep6epT CneHcep je rOBopHo Aa cy He-
MapKC je nocnao npHMepaK "KanHTana"
QHBHnH30BaHH oApacnH Ha HHBOYAeQe QHBHnH30BaHHX, a XaBenoK EnHc je
,UapBHHY,ca nOCBeTOM,y KOjoj ce6e
npeACTaBJba Ka() lberOBor BenHKor nOlliTOBaOQa. MapKCOB capaAHHK EHrenc
rOBopHo KaKO A
HCTHQao je Aa je ,UapBHH 3aAao "HajjaqH YAapaQ MeTa
XHTnep HHje AOlliao HHoTKYAa.
nocTaje "rnyn
H TynaB':
Qeca eBonYQHje KojH ce OAHrpaBa MHnHOHHMa rOAHHa".
Ueo 3anaA ra je npHnpeMao. EpHTaHHja je cBoj KonoHHjanH3aM npaBAana ,,60p60M 3a oncTaHaK". CaM ,UapBHH je BenHKH Aeo cBOjHX HAeja A06HO OA
MapKCOBH cneA6eHHQH 6HnH cy AocneAHH AapBHHHCTH. JIelbHH ra je QeHHO Kao OHor KO je AOKa3ao Aa Eor HHje CTBOpHO 6HJbKe H )l(HBOTHlbe,
Mamyca, KOjH ce 6aBHo pacToM nonynaQHje, H qHje cy HAeje Halline oAjeKa y 6pHTaHcKoM APYIIITBY nOA naponoM "CnoMH cHpoMalliHe': ,UeQa 0A ocaM
npHpOAe CBOjHMAOKa30M Aa je caAallIlbH opraHCKH CBeT/ .../ npOH3BOA npo-
TpOQKH je CMaTpao Aa je lberOBO "OTKpHhe HajBehH TpHjYM
I j
H AeBeT rOAHHa npHMopaBaHa cy Aa paAe no 16 caTH AHeBHO y PYAHHQHMa yrJba, a Ha XHJbaAe JbYAHje YMHpano y 6eAH H npJbaBllITHHH - 3aTO llITO je ManTYc YCTBPAHOAa ce 6eAHHQH 6p30 MHO)l(e, H Aa Ha cBeTY Hehe 6HTH
126
127
MeCTa 3a CBe. )];apBHH je ,,60p6y jy je, Kao "onCTaHaK IIpe
HO IIITO ce npcToM Py3BenT,
3aM npornacHo
qmnocoqmjoM
paT ca HH,f(HjaHQHMa
3ana,f(a"
paca':
TBp,f(HO je,f(a je HHTenHreHQHja ,f(eTeTa BpCTe homo
HHKaKBH
XeHpH
MepHnH
cY JbY,f(HMa n06albe
Me1)YTHM, pOBcKa HHKa.
npHqa.
3nOqHHH
aMepHqKH
X. K. PY3,f(eH je
6enQH HcnYlbaBajy
A60pHI,IHHa
H Maopa
,f(OK je 1890, nompe,f(Ce,f(HHK
BepHap,f(,
peKao
OnpaB,f(aO
,f(a je "npoQec
1876.
HCTpe6JbHBalba
HCTOQHOeBpO-
rp06JbHMa;
P. B. BHHa
TO peQJ1MO, Morna
6J1TJ1 Y30P XJ1Tnepy. BepHep
BpoHKca
O:>KelbeHOr J1 oQa ,f(Boje ,f(eQe. BeHra
y lhyjOPKY,
OTY BeHm
je OKOBaH y naHQe, Kao "KapJ1Ka eBony-
300-BpTa
,f(p BJ1JbeM XOpHa,f(aj,
,f(a nJ1 6J1 6aIII
TaKO Tpe6ano
"HajcTapJ1jJ1X
"AKO je Mana oc06a
CMJ1Cny 3aTBOpeHJ1K,
eBonyn;J10HJ1CTa,
nocTynaTJ1
6J10 J13nO:>KeH
Ha nJ1Talbe HOBJ1Hapa
C ja,f(HJ1M BeHroM,
JbynKO je O,f(ro-
y KaBe3Y, TO je 3aTO IIITO MY je TY HajY,f(06HJ1je, ,f(a pa,f(J1MO ca lbHM. OH HJ1je HJ1 y KaKBOM
OCJ1M ,f(a HJ1KO He 6J1 peKao
,f(a 6J1 6J1no MY,f(pO ,f(03BO-
TBp,f(HO ,f(a y6HjalbeM
Qe, :>KMapQJ1 Ka,f( OBO QJ1TaIII, J1 Ka,f( ce CeTJ1III ,,6ene IIIeHreHCKe
3aKOH npHpO,f(Hor ,f(pyrnTBa
a,f(a ra HJ1KO He Ha,f(rne,f(a:'
(IIpo1)y
nJ1 Te, QJ1TaOnJ1CTe" J1nJ1
3J1,f(a caHKQJ1ja"?)
AMepJ1QKJ1 J1CTpa:>KJ1BaQApKTJ1Ka,
TacMaHHje
aKCHOM 3aKOHa eBony-
ce
aTpaKQJ1ja. )];HpeK-
nOKOJb OBHX Hecpeh-
"CnOJblber
JbY,f(CKJ1X
ce,f(MJ1QHO nOHaIIIano
Kao ,f(a je MajMYH. OH J1Mje 6J10 rnaBHa
J1 3aTO IIITO He 3HaMO IIITa ,f(pyro
cY XHTne-
Kao npe,f(CTaBHJ1K
fO,f(J1He
YXBaTJ10 je Y KOHry
H3nO:>K6J1y CeH JIYJ1cy 6J10 npJ1Ka3aH
OKO 40 XHJba,f(a nOCeTJ1naQa
je Ba:>KJ10,f(0
CMpTJ1.
- J1CTpa:>KJ1BaQCeMjyen
TOp 300-BpTa,
Bapao:
6ene pace. npaBa
XJ1TnepOBe
nJ1TJ1MY,f(a nYTa no rpa,f(y,
"HeYMOJbHBH KpaJbeBCKOr
npeMa
1901. OKO 1300 nonYT
Y AYCTpanHjH
je 6YKBanHo
0,f(a6Hpalba" I)ejMc
3aTBopHMa,
,f(a 6H ,f(OKa3anH caBpIIIeHcTBo
COQHjan-,f(apBHHHcTa
y 300-BPTY
,f(OHeTH cy 3aKOHH 0 anapTXej-
O,f( 1890.,f(0
yceJbelba
QJ1je" Haj6nJ1:>Ka QOBeKY. 3aTJ1M je, ca rOpJ1nOM J1opaHryTaHoM,
eBonyn;HoHHcTa,
"HayqHHQH':
Ha,f( A60pHI,IHHHMa
)];apBHHH3aM
OTa BeHry,
,f(a 6J1 Ha cBeTcKoj
npe,f(aKa".
H nH
QPHHX JbY,f(H 6Hno je nHHqOBaHO,
HH,f(HjaHQHMa
QPHQa Ha HHBOY je,f(aHaeCTorO,f(H-
,f(y, O,f(BajalbY 6enHx H QPHHX cBY,f(a - no 60nHHQaMa, Y IIIKonaMa
IIJ1rMeja
PY3BenT je CMaTpao npeMa
je, Cn060,f(Ho
1904, eBonYQJ10HJ1CTa
(6enaQa).
fO,f(HHe 1875, y jY:>KHHM ,f(p:>KaBaMa CA)];
6Hno je anapTXej,f(a
AMepJ1Ka
cOQHjan-,f(apBHHH-
ep
O,f(pacnor
sapiens
yrOBOpH
1924. rO,f(J1He, ,ll;OHeT 3aKOH 0 OrpaHJ1QaBalbY
1965, ,f(Ba,f(eceT rO,f(J1Ha nocne
npe,f(-
TOj KlbH3H TBp,f(HO je ,f(a je paCHH
HeH36e:>KaH, H TO ,f(0 HCTpe6Jbelba.
,f(p:>KaBY He 06aBe3yjy
Tora,
nJbaHa Ha OCHOBY lbJ1XOBe reHeTJ1QKe J1H
ceTHMO ce ,f(a je aMepHqKH
Y
AMepHKe.
TeK nOIIITO
BH,f(eO Y,f(PYIlITBY.
Y CBOM ,f(eny "II06e,f(a
jep cy OHH "npHMHTHBHa
IIIlbJ'r
BH,f(eo y npHpo,f(H
ManTYc
ynpe Y XHTnepa,
Ce,f(HHK Teo,f(op
,f(a aMepHqKY
3a OnCTaHaK"
Hajcnoc06HHjHX':
Ta rpyny
P06epT
IIJ1pJ1, ,f(OBeO je ca CBor ny-
ECKJ1Ma, Koje cy J13nO:>KJ1nJ1y AMepJ1QKOM
npJ1pO,f(lbaQKOM
MY3ejy.
Je,f(HOM ,f(eQaKY, MJ1HJ1KY, YMPO je OTaQ, QJ1je cy KOCTJ1 OCTane J13nO:>KeHeKao
QHje': A60pHI,IHHH TpoBaHa
cy nOBJbel1
J1M je xpaHa.
Kao ,f(HBJbe 3BepH.
E,f(Bap,f( PeM3J1, Ha,f(30pHJ1K aYCTpanJ1jcKor 3ejcKJ1 KaTanOr
CKe :>KJ1BOTJ1lbe':a OH caM ce 6aBJ10 XBaTalbeM
J1 ,f(eQe, nocne
"npJ1MepaK
J1
"npHMepaKa"
Kao "aycTpanJ1j3a "HayqHe
rne,f(ao je nOKOJb rpyne
qera je ",f(eceT Haj60JbJ1x
n06alba"
orne-
,f(eQe 0,f(Y3eTo je O,f( CBOjJ1X pO,f(J1TeJba; 6enonYTa
1935.
npJ1CJ1nHO je CTepJ1nJ1CaHO 20 000 JbY,f(J1.Ha OCHOBY eyreHJ1Ke,
paHJ1 cy TeCTOBJ1 3a J1MJ1rpaHTe, no KojJ1Ma je 80% J1MHrpaHaTa EBpone
)];0 jaHyapa
(IIOJbaKa,
JeBpeja,
Pyca)
cBpcTaHo
y ManoYMHe,
CTBa-
J13 J1CTOQHe
na je, Ha OCHOBY
no,f( XJ1TnepOM
yn030paBao:
ce 3a Ka-
J1naK pa1)a MHoro
"MJ1 CMO TaKo1)e CBeCHJ1 np06neMa
- nonynaQJ1ja
BJ1IIIe
J13rpa,f(lbe je,f(He
Hero caMO npOTJ1B MeTO,f(a
y HeMaQKoj
nJ1CTJ1 cy Me1)y lbJ1Ma, :>KJ1BJ1J1 3,f(paBJ1 J1 nocne
)];0 1930. rO,f(J1He
,f(ereHepJ1Ke':
3anarana
J1naK paCTe npe6p30.
HaQJ1CTJ1 J1 KOMYHJ1CTJ1 HJ1CY je,f(J1HJ1 ,f(apBJ1HJ1CTJ1. fn06anHJ1
fJI06anHJ1
3aKOHe, KOjJ1 cy y penp0,f(YKQJ1jJ1
nJ1jaHJ1Qe, enJ1nenTJ1Qape,
nopO,f(J1Qe': peBonYQJ1je':
3aOCTanJ1X, anJ1 J1QPHaQa. AMepJ1QKJ1M eyreHJ1Qa-
IIITO ce y HeMaQKoj
Koje HaQJ1CTJ1 npJ1Melbyjy
HJ1qKH 3aKOH ,f(OHeT je 1907. ,f(OHeT je y HH,f(J1jaHJ1 (CAW.
ceKcyanHe
To jecT, MJ1 HJ1CMO npOTJ1B paCJ1CTJ1QKe eyreHJ1Ke,
,f(eQa ,f(aBaHa cy Ha YCBajalbe
cy CTaBJbaHa y CJ1pOTJ1IIIlfa.
31 aMepJ1qKa ,f(p:>KaBa J1Mana je eyreHJ1qKe
"MajKa
pace, anJ1 MJ1 ce 6pJ1HeMO 0 KBanJ1TeTY HaIIIJ1X JbY,f(J1,He caMO 0 KOnJ1QJ1HJ1:'
a60pJ1I,IJ1HCKe
Be3 AMepJ1Ke ce He MO:>KeHJ1r,f(e, na HJ1 y 06naCTJ1 eyreHJ1Ke. IIpBJ1 eyre-
"YM060nHe,
CejHI,Iep,
ny pa1)alba
O,f( 1910. ,f(0 ce,f(aM,f(eceTJ1X rO,f(J1Ha 20. BeKa OKO 100.000
CnpeqaBanJ1
cy QeHJ1nJ1 J1 npBJ1 "nnaHepJ1
,f(eQe HO IIITO TO lbJ1Ma npJ1ja, na je QenHJ1K AMepJ1QKe
OKeaHa, "HayqHJ1QJ1Ma':
6enQJ1Ma, a TaMHonYTa
EyreHJ1KY
CTpJ1palbe CBJ1XMeHTanHO
npeKo
OCTaTKe CBor oQa, ,f(a 6J1 J1X
MY3eja je TO 0,f(6J1na.
MaprapeT
pJ1Ma je CMeTano
A60pJ1I,IJ1Ha,
nocnaTO
BpCTe". MJ1HJ1K je Tpa:>KJ10 nOCMpTHe
CaXpaHJ10, anJ1 ynpaBa
:>KJ1BbTHlbe.
MY3eja y CJ1,f(Hejy, 06jaBJ10 je MY-
Y KOMe cy A60pJ1I,IJ1HJ1 6J1nJ1 npeCTaBJbeHJ1
,f(e". MJ1CJ10Hap J13 HOB or jY:>KHOr Benca o,f(pacnJ1x
O,f(CeQaHe cy J1M rnaBe,
KOpJ1CTJ1nJ1 cy J1X Kao eKCnepJ1MeHTanHe
KanJ1TanJ1CTJ1, OHJ1 3nOQJ1HQJ1 ca
;~
BaBJ1M napaMa
~,
)];apBJ1Ha Kao cBoje OnpaB,f(albe.
f
CaMHep,
1
nOMaranJ1
J1 60JbIIIeBJ1Ke
Bon
rOBOpJ10 ,f(a ,f(apBJ1HJ13aM y ,f(pyrnTBY
Hor QOBeKa HaBJ1IIIe, rypaMo
,f(pyror
J1 nocne
CTpHTa,
KOjJ1 cy CBOjJ1M KP-
J1 JtJ1Tnl!poBQe,
CBojeBpeMeHo
KanJ1Ta-
XJ1Tnepa
je npo
CTaJbJ1Ha.
O,f(aBHO QJ1TJ1pajy ca Jejna, fpejeM
3HaQJ1 - ",f(a 6J1 nO,f(J1rnJ1 je,f(-
Ha,f(One': a cOQJ1jan-,f(apBJ1HJ1CTa BJ1JbeM
128
1·
129
,
MHJIHep je TBp,!.\HO ,!.\a cy MHJIHOHepH Cnoc06HHjHX': KanHTaJIH3aM "HayqHHK"
je y ,!.\apBHHH3MY
n06e,!.\HHQH
60p6e
cBoje
no,!.\ KOjHM cy ce H,!.\HOTH H KpeTeHH
qYBeHH
60raTalll
EH,!.\pjy KapHerH
,!.\aQHja 3a CBeTCKH MHp") He3ro,!.\aH 3a noje,!.\HHQa, Hajcnoc06HHjHX': KOHKypeHQHja
OnpaB,!.\albe.
("MHpOTBopaQ"
- "KapHerHjeBa
- eBOJIYQHOHHCTHMa.
npOCBeTe!
HHje
KojH ce He MO:>KeH36ehH':
Ja,!.\Ha JhHJbaHa qOJIHh,
onpaB,!.\albe"
HajcypOBJ1jJ1,
HajHeqOBeqHJ1jJ1.
3a Kpaj,
q,OH-
JIOHQY J13 ,,<PaYCTa" feTeOBor,
,!.\a ce 3aYBeK cehaMO
CBe jOlll
(KapHerHjeB
6HBllla
,,3ana)J;He
HH-
XeHpJ1
MHHHCTapKa
60raTallla,
H rpelllHJ1
J1 3JIJ1 J1 HeMJ1JIO-
Hajcnoc06HJ1jJ1.
A Hajcnoc06HJ1jJ1
BeOMa je YTJ1Qao Ha HaQJ1CTJ1QKJ1nOKpeT
Kao "BOl)y q,alllJ1CTJ1QKOr nOKpeTa BY KlbJ1ry J1Y "MajH
cy
KaMnq,y':
CTJ1TeJbJ1,a Aa je 06,!.\apeHa
a 3a XpJ1CTOBO '!'\PYlllTBO
MJ1JIOCTJ1 J1
06paTJ10
J1 BelllTa
HHX ,!.\apBJ1HJ1CTa,CnpeMHJ1X Ha J1cTpe6Jbelbe
CJ1H PJ1XapAa Bamepa,
CBJ1XcJIa6J1jJ1x Hapo,!.\a J1,!.\p:>Ka-
BalbY
onpaB,!.\aBajy
JIOB Ha Cp6e
Bamepa,
(Kao lllTO cy HeKa,!.\
onpaB,!.\aJIJ1 JIOB Ha A60pJ1I,IJ1He).
J1 q,J1JIocoq,J1je
Cp6J1jy
Ha YHJ1Bep3J1TeTY
TBp,!.\J10 je ,!.\aje aMepJ1QKO ,!.\pyrnTBo
1999.
XeHpJ1ja
TJ1 ,!.\pyrnTBeHor
AMepJ1KaHQJ1 YJIa3e y nocTxYMaHo
:>KJ1BOTa6J1TJ1 CBe,!.\eHJ1y npe,!.\BJ1,!.\JbJ1Bellla6JIOHe
HaJIJ130BaHJ1, a CBe HJ1jaHce Mel)YJby,!.\cKJ1X O,!.\Hoca npeTBopeHe npoQeAype
J1 npenYlllTeHe
nCJ1XOJIora J16J1pOKpaTa".
nJIaheHJ1M ITo Xjyepy,
npoq,eCJ10HaJIQJ1Ma "AMepJ1KaHQJ1
,!.\yhHocTH, Cp6J1 aTaBJ1CTJ1QKJ1OCTaTaK npOlllJIOCTJ1': 6J1 he HeCTaTJ1. CBe je TO CJIYTJ10 HJ1KOJIaj, YQehJ1 J1EBpOnJbaHe He aBeTHMa eBponCKe KBa nOBJ1Ka Ha lbera.
nonYT
,!.\ace paAyjy
n03HaBaTJ1
rnecKoj
y PYTJ1HCKe
cacTajao
XJ1TJIep je 060:>KaBaO
,!.\a CXBaTJ1 HaQJ10HaJIcoQJ1jaJIJ1CTJ1QKY
Bamepa':)
fO,!.\J1He
KojJ1 je ,!.\06J10 HajBehe
1938,
XJ1TJIep je O,!.\JIJ1KOBaO pe,!.\a. 0J10 je TO
O,!.\JIJ1KOBalbe lllTO ra je Moryhe
XJ1TJIep ra je O,!.\JIJ1KOBaO360r
MacaMa':
CTBapalba
"ayro-
•
Tpe6a
P03eH6epr
,!.\a capal)yjy.
nOTBp,!.\e; peQHMo, je: "HHKO
3MY:' P03eH6epr
3aTO je Ta-
j
y "TajMcy"
q,e6pyapa
1933,
y HCKpeHOCT
je CTynHo
,!.\a 0pHTaHQH
QQ-
H HeMQH
HHCY ,!.\yro QeKaJIH ,!.\a npHjaTeJbCTBO OBa yrJIe,!.\Ha eHrJIeCKa HOBHHa nHCaJIa
xep
CJIeno CJIe,!.\HrOBopH
HY 6HO Ha QeJIY EHrnecKe
BeKa, y EH-
,UOCOHOM, J13,!.\aBaQeM J1 HajYTJ1QajHJ1jHM
H ,UOCOH cy CMaTpaJIH
qJIaHQH
3.
He CYMlba
MHJIHOHa HeMaQa
,!.\ace He nOKJIO-
ce, nOQeTKOM TpJ1,!.\eceTJ1X rO,!.\J1Ha XX
ca I,Ioq,pJ1jeM
BeKOM "TajMca':
a,!.\BOKaTa,
y CBOjJ1M cTpa,!.\albJ1Ma, jep
(HJ1MaJIO CJIyqajHo:
AJIq,pe,!.\ P03eH6epr
J1 paQJ1o-
AKO TO He CXBaTe, Cp-
J1Cp6e
ce
A OpJ1TaHQJ1?
cy npOTOTJ1n JbYAJ1 6y-
QJ1BJ1JIH3aQJ1je, ,UapBJ1HY, HJ1Qey J1MapKCY. A Cp6J1 Tpe6a
Mopa
M06J1JIa nOTpe6HJ1X ,!.\06a, "Ka,!.\a he CBJ1acneK-
- no paCJ1, MaKap
CBera Tora, YCp,!.\HO nOQeo ,!.\aq,J1HaHCJ1pa HaQJ1CTe.
,!.\aTJ1HeKOM KO HJ1je HeMaQ.
- ApyrnTBo
6y,!.\yhHOCTJ1, a Cp6CKO - ,!.\pyrnTBO npOlllJIOCTJ1.
"npe,!.\o,!.\pel)eHa
3J1rq,pJ1,!.\, J1lberOBa :>KeHayqecTBOBaJIJ1 cy y npe6aQJ1-
HOBQa XJ1TJIepy.
npBJ1 AMepJ1KaHaQ
,!.\p:>KaBe
paca
MJIa,!.\OCTJ1,0,!.\6aQJ10 peJIJ1fH03HJ1
JeBpejJ1H je JeBpejJ1H
J1 rOBOpJ10 ,!.\aoHaj "KO xohe
HeMaQKY,
ca cBojJ1M CaTeJIJ1TJ1Ma 60M6ap,!.\oBaJIa
aHrJIOCaKCOHCKa
y paHoj
y XpJ1lllhaHCTBO.
XeHpJ1
Ha y,!.\apy aMepJ1QKJ1X cOQJ1jaJI-
Ba, MaCKJ1paHO y npJ1Qy 0 JbY,!.\CKJ1MnpaBJ1Ma J1,!.\eMoKpaTJ1jJ1. J1 oneT J1Majy
Ilo Xjyepy,
je lbero-
MJ1CaOHJ1 CBeT.
HJ1KOJIajeB Hapo,!.\ je, y OBOM TpeHYTKY,
MepJ1JIeH,!.\, ,!.\p I,IoH Xjyep,
KOjJ1 pacTe y AMepJ1QJ1': IloMeHYo
Kao ,!.\eJIOKoje je BeOMa YTJ1QaJIO Ha q,J1pepOB
aHTJ1jy,!.\aJ13aM Kao 6e3Bpe,!.\aH.
cOQJ1oJIomje
CBOjOM KlbJ1rOM "Mel)y-
fO,!.\J1He 1923. XJ1TJIep je J13jaBJ10,!.\a KJ1BJbaBa
Hapo,!.\HJ1 JeBpejJ1H':
MYHJ13Ma, J1 npOTJ1B HaQJ1q,alllJ13Ma, Jby6aBJ1.
rO,!.\J1He, npoq,ecop
MO:>KeJ13MeHJ1TJ1 Ha60Jbe.
)J;eMOKpaTllje" II XHTJIep
,!.\a BJIaAa CBeTOM': XJ1TJIep je, jOlll
Ka,!.\a je AMepJ1Ka
Ha
CBeT jom YBeK HJ1je
Ha-
0J10 je J1 npOTJ1B KapTeJICKOr, rJI06aJIJ1CTJ1QKOr KanJ1TaJIJ13Ma, J1 npOTJ1B KO-
KOjJ1 OBor nYTa
peQJ1 :>KJ1QKOrCBeTJIOCHJ1Ka: "HJ1lllTa
"OnCTaHaK
HJ1KOJIaj je CBJ1M CBojJ1M 6J1heM 6J10 npOTJ1B ",!.\apBJ1HJ1CTJ1QKOr CBeTa':
"HayqHJ1Ke':
CTBOpJ10 HeKaKBY
Jep oneT CTpa,!.\ajy 3a XpJ1CTa, J1 oneT he ce, aKO OCTaHY
y BJIaCTJ1 3JIa. J1 6JIarJ1 oor
MO:>K,!.\ajeCTe
J1 3JIO, J1 J1MeHOBaJIJ1 cy ra. ,UapBJ1H J1M je
- n06el)yjy
pacy.
CBeTY He MO:>KenpaB,!.\aTJ1 OQajalbe je,!.\Hor xpJ1lllhaHJ1Ha:'
cYK06JbaBa!)
JhY,!.\H cy YBeK 6HJIH (O,!.\ na,!.\a A,!.\aMOBor) Cp,!.\HJ1.AJIJ1, 3HaJIJ1 cy lllTa je rpex
BelllTJ1QjeM
je TBp,!.\HO ,!.\a je KanHTaJIHCTHqKa
3HaJIa C KaKBHM ce 3BepHMa
,!.\ao "HayqHo
pot),
BepHJ1 XPJ1CTY, C lhJ1M J1 npOCJIaBJ1TJ1.
CTBOpHO
q,OH,!.\aQHja H ,!.\aJbe,!.\ajy BeJIHKY HOBqaHY nOMoh
yqHHQHMa
CTpa,!.\ajy O,!.\HOB or HaQJ13Ma, KojJ1 MJ1CJIJ1,!.\aje y CBOM "JIOHQY 3a TOnJbelbe"
"nOCTXYMaHY"
H MHO:>KHJIH".
aJIH je O,!.\JIHqaH 3a pacy, jep 06e36el)yje
,,3aKOH npHpo,!.\e
~,
AMepHqKH
KYJIT MHJIOcpl)a" CKpHBaJIH
TBp,!.\HO je ,!.\a 3aKOH KOHKypeHQHje
a je,!.\aH O,!.\POKq,eJIepa
CTHTYT H POKq,eJIepOBa
Haj-
(metting HalllaO
E. A. Poc je TBp,!.\HO ,!.\aje H "peJIHfHjcKH
"CKJIOHHlllTe
3a "OnCTaHaK
XHTJIepa. MHoro
H y Be3Y ca MOHTarjy
Beh
TO lllTO
0 lberOBOM HopMaHoM,
6aHKe - Haj,!,\Y:>Key lbeHoj
ra CKOpO
12
JIHQHOM MarHeTJ1KojH je
,!.\oTa,!.\allllboj
21
rOAM-
HCTOpHjH.
130 OBaj MOtlHWqOBeK 6wo je "HarOHCKW npOHeMaqKW HacTpojeH"
(EH)];pjy EOjlI).
1 ~;
He Tpe6a aa60paBwTw HW BelIWKe
HOpMaH je KYMOBaOca KlbyqHWM qOBeKOM XWTlIepOBWX
XjalIMapoM
llIaxToM. qWM je XWTlIep )];OllIaOHa BlIaCT, 1933,
HopMaH je HaQwcTWqKOM pe)l(wMY noqeo
Kao cTBapalbe
)];a )];aje aajMoBe.
qaplIc
JIoH)];OHCKa llIpe)];ep 6aHKa TaKolje je nOMaralIa XWTlIepa. PoaeH6epr
Standard",
Ex-
MaqKoj ycnocTaBwo
nlIaTItllIa paTHY O)];llITeTY, 6WlIW cy pacnwcaHw
MapaKa. BOll CTpWT je YlIO)l(WOnape Y "IG Farben" W ,,epajrHWTe llITalIBepKe"
cTa6wlIHocT y Cpe)];lboj EBponw, ynpaBo
npowaBoljaqW
OHO llITO je Epw-
BlIaCHWK "Daily
XHTlIepoBwx
(WH)];ycTpwja qelIwKa), paTHwx nOTpenllITwHa.
(xeMwjcKa WH)];ycTpwja) Koje cy 6wlIe maBHW EHTOHW CaToH, y CBOM
KlIaCWqHOM )];elIY"BOlI CTpWT WycnoH XWTlIepa" Ka)l(e )];a je HeMaqKa paTHa
(I,IejMc W CyaaH llYlI).
BWKOHTPOTepMep,
KOMWTeTaqwjw je qelIHWK 6wo aMepWqKW 6aHKap
)];WMapaKa O)];llITeTe, a )];06WlIa je aajMoBe y Bpe)];HOCTItl 0)]; 33 MItllIwjap)];e
Tpy)];ehw ce )];a ra npw)];06wje
Y TO BpeMe, EpwTaHwja je cMaTpalIa )];a 6w "HaQwcTWqKW pe)l(WM y HeTaHwjw Tpe6alIO"
6aHKapcKor
,IJ;jy. ,IJ;a 6w HeMaqKa
MeljYHapO)];HWaajMOBItl. HeMaqKa je 0)]; 1924. )];0 1931. nlIaTWlIa 36 MWlIItljap-
ce cpeo W ca 1I0P)];OMEWBep6pYKOM, BlIaCHWKOM"Daily
press", "Sunday Express" W "Evening aa HaQWCTWqKeCTaBOBe.
131
WH)];ycTpwja HaCTalIa "Ha OCHOBYaMepWqKWX aajMoBa W,y waBeCHOM CMItlClIY, aMepWqKe TexHolIomje':
Mail': KOBao je HOBe HeMaqKe BlIa-
CTO)];pllIQeyaBea)];e. OH je 1930. XBalIocneBHO nwcao 0 HaQWCTWMaWypa)];wo
Heaa60paBHItl
"Standard
Oil" )];ao je HeMaqKoj TexHolIomjy
aa )];06wjalbe
wHTepBjy CXWTlIepoM. OBaj eHmeCKW nlIeMwh, CHa)l(HO aHTwKoMYHWCTWqKW
CWHTeTWqKeHa
HacTpojeH,
O)];HOCYHa je)];HY peqeHWQY HWKolIajeBor rOBopa wa 1935. rO)];WHe!) llOlI Bap6ypr, wa "AMepwKeH J1. f:: ca CBOjWMKOMnalbOHWMa, )];ao je
HOBqaHO je nOMarao
"EpwTaHcKw
BOljy WCTor, cep OCBalI)];a MoalIwja. w)l;eje TeK Ka)];cy JeBpejw aanpen~lIw Ho, 10. jYlIa 1933, "Daily
llpecTao
caBea <pallIwcTa" W BelIWqaO
je)];a jaBHo XBalIW HaQwcTWqKe
Aa KO)];lbera BItlllIe Hehe )];aBaTWomace.
Mail" je nWcao)];a he ce "Malba )];elIa noje)];WHWXHa-
QWCTaYTonWTWy BelIwKoj )];06p06wTW KOjy HOBWpe)l(WM )];OHOCWHeMaqKoj': POTepMop je BepoBao y caBea HeMaQa WEpwTaHaQa,
•,
;
a lberOBe HOBWHecy ce,
Bao je W y npe6aQWBalbY
EpwTaHcKw Kpalb E)];Bap)]; VIII, nOClIe a6)];WKaQwje BojBO)];a 0)]; BWH)];ao-
111IeKTpwK" je npWlIO)l(WO 60
ABepelI XapWMaH, wa "fapaHTW TpacT KOMnaHwje': qOBeK 0)]; nOBepelba JIelbwHa W60lbllIeBItlKa WnpBItl aMnacaAop
CBaKor )];aHa, npO)];aBalIe y )];Ba MWlIWOHanpwMepaKa!
CA,IJ; y COBjemjw,
yqeCTBO-
HOBQa MlIa)];OM HaQWCTWqKOM pe)l(WMY, npeKo
XWTlIepOBWX
pa, TaKolje je 6wo XWTlIepoB CItlMnaTwaep. Cep XeHpw qeHoH je y CBOM)];HeBHWKyaanwcao:
aa "IG Farben" 400 XWlba)];a )];OlIapa; "I,IeHepalI XWlba)];a)];OlIapa, WT)];.
,,11 OH w)];enYTeM )];WKTaTOpa,HacTpojeH je npOHeMaqKW, npo-
Ty je W EpHeCT CeI,IBWK XaH
TWB Pycwje je W npoTwB cYBwllIe lIa6aBe )];eMOKpaTwje. He 6Itlx ce qy)];WO)];a
MaqKOr nopeKlIa,
OH HaMepaBa)];a
CA,IJ;, peHKlIwHoM,IJ;. PyaBelITOM. OH je KOMnOHOBao CC MapllIeBe Itl
nOCTaHe YMepeHw )];WKTaTop:' To je 6wo KlbyqHw paallor
lberoBY, waHyljeHY, a6)];WKaQwjy, a 6paK ca rpaljaHKoM XHTlIep je TO )];06po aHao. Y jeceH 1937. y JIajnQwry, je OHO llITO je BW)];eOy HeMaqKoj
aa
CWMnCOH caMO nOBO)];.
qy)];O Koje je HeMoryhe
CXBaTWTItlOCWMKa)];
Cep XeHpw ,IJ;eTep)];WHr,MohHWK wa Ha
Dutch
- Shell
KOMnaHwje, W WMao y)];eo y MHorWM Ha
HaHcwpao
6WBllIWKpalb je peKaO)];a
ce nojMw )];aje waa Tora "je)];aH qOBeK Wje)];Ha BOlba - A)];OlI
(
yrpO)l(eHW, na je W OH 6wo cnpeMaH
)];a
f
I
I i;
HaQWCTe, KojW cy MY06ehalIW nOMoh y BpahalbY MOHonOlIa Ha Ha
Pycwjw. ,IJ;pyra Ha
KItllba, a OH je W 1936. rO)];WHenOMarao XWTlIepoB pe)l(WM. EpwTaHcKw )];p)l(a-
KOjWce lla XapBap)];y )];PY)l(WOca 6y)];yhwM ~pe)];Ce)l;HHKOM
,,elIKwllIe Ee06aXTep':
Ka)]; je, 1941, nao y HeMWlIOCT HeMaqKOr
pe)l(WMa, BpaTwo ce Ha ceBepHOaMepWqKW KOHTWHeHT.KaHaljaHw cy ra aapo6wJIw, alIW je PyaBelIT wHTepBeHwcao )];a ra nycTe. AMepWqKW aM6aca)];op y HeMaqKoj, BWlbeM ,IJ;O)];,aanWCWBao je y cBoje )];HeBHWKeMHoro aaHWMlbWBWXnOje)];WHOCTWTor )];06a. EHTOHW CaToH Ka)l(e: "Mw wa )];HeBHWKaBWlbeMa ,IJ;o)];a/ .. ./ aHaMO)];a je y TOKY 1933. rO)];WHe,Hwa 6aHKapa W WH~ycTpwjalIan;a EeplIwHY, wapa)l(aBajyhw )];a npoHalje
ca BOll CTpwTa npollIlIo
Kpoa aM6aca)];y CA,IJ; y
cBoje )];WBlbelbe A)];OlI
HaqWHe aa Boljelbe
nOClIOBHWXaKTWBHOCTWca HOBWMTOTalIW-
TapHwM pe)l(WMoM. / .. ./ AjBW JIw, POK
!,
BlbaHWH XOlIaH)];CKeKPBItl 6wo je npaBw npwMep apwjeBQa aawHTepecoBaHor aa n06e)];y "apwjeBcKe W)];eOlIorwje':
ce, npeMa ,IJ;O)];y,"wcToBpeMeHo '¥allIwaMa ". rh
nOKaaao Kao KanWTalIWCTa W Kao 6paHwlIaQ
11 aa BpeMe ,IJ;pyror CBeTCKor paTa, op)];OBaKOMnaHwja je 6wlIa y noClIOBHWMBeaaMa ca HaQWCTWqKWMnopeTKoM;
j
POK
132 IIapH3Y CapaljHBana je C HeMQHMa, a KnaH POK¢enepa je HMao Be3e ca "IG Farben" ,/\0 1942. rO,/\HHe. CBH OBH no,/\aQH cy na)l{JbHBO YKnolbeHH 0,/\ OqHjy jaBHocTH, ,/\a ce Ha cyljelbY y HHpH6epry He 6H 3Hano UlTa ce CTBapHO 36HBano. HaQHCTH cy y HHpH6epry npe,/\CTaBJbeHHKao MapCOBQH,a He Kao nno,/\ 3ana,/\Hor KanHTanH3Ma H lberOBHX MeTaCTa3a. A lllypoBalbe ,,3ana,/\HHX,/\eMoKpaTHja" CXHTnepoM? OnHMnHja,/\a y EepnHHY 1936? A tJeM6epneH H )J;ana,/\je?
M, HapaBHo, BenHKH Mar eBponCKe nonHTHKe, BHHCTOH tJepqHn, KojH
1
133 KlbHry aycTpHjcKor COQHonora H HCTOpHqapa XaHeca Xo¢6ayepa pelbe EBponcKeYHHje
Ha MCTOK" (HnHn BHllllbHh,
"IIpolllH-
Eeorpa,/\, 2004) 3Hahe 0
qeMY je peq. Jep, jOlll y ,/\06a tJeTBpTor KpH)I{apCKOr paTa, YMecTo 60p6e ca ApanHMa, nanHHe repMaHCKe H pOMaHCKe BojcKe cy oKynHpane QapHrpa,/\ H ocaKaTHne BH3aHTHjy (Koja ce 0,/\ Tor y,/\apQa HHKa,/\ HHje caCBHM onopaBHna). Cpe,/\HHOM 13. BeKa fepMaHH cy nOqenH ,/\a 3aY3HMajy npOCTOpe tJelllKe, MopaBCKe, IIoMepaHHje, IIaHoHHje H TpaHCHnBaHHjei CTHrnH cy H ,/\0 nOJbCKOrKpaKOBa H KapnaTCKor nYKa. Ha PYCHjy cy, C nanHHHM 6narocnOBOM, jypHlllanH
llIBeljaHH
H HeMaqKH TeBTOHCKHBHTe30BH, Koje je, CBe
,
CKyna, TYKao CBeTH AneKcaH,/\ap HeBCKH. IIocne
6HTKe Ha Moxaqy
1526.
je Cp6e npo,/\ao THTY. CeTHMO ce lllTa je oBaj nHcao y npBOM TOMY CBOjHX MeMoapa (,,)J;pyrH CBeTCKHpaT"), 0 XHTnepOBHM paHHM ,/\aHHMa: "OBe He-
Xa636yproBQH
,/\ahe HHCY ra O,/\Bene y KOMYHHCTHqKepe,/\OBe. CaCBHM cynpoTHo, H TO MY cnY)l{H Ha qaCT, rajHo je CHa)l{HOH a6HopManHO ocehalbe paCHe nojanHocTH
lllna no,/\ repMaHcKoM Bnalllhy, a 3aMano H Cp6Hja (no KOjOj cy ce, cKyna ca
°
(IIpec6ypr).
cy KpeHynH y HHBa3Hjy Ha qelllKH IIpar
H roplbY MaljapcKY
Ka,/\ cy TYPQH nanH no,/\ EeqOM 1683, Qena MaljapcKa
ce Ha-
MyconHH CTpaCHOH MHCTHqHO,/\HBJbelbe3a HeMaqKY H HeMaqKH Hapo,/\:' HHjy tJepqHn BenH: ,,0,/\ )J;yqea caM npHMHO HajTonnHje H3pa3e 3aXBanHOCTH.
BOjCKOMEeqa, O,/\Max pa3MHnenH KaTOnHqKH "nOBQH Ha ,/\yrne" ,/\a 06pahajy
IIlTaBHllle,
Xa636yp3H
y cYK06y H3Meljy ¢alllH3Ma
H 60JbllleBH3Ma HHje 6Hno HHKaKBe
"Hecje,/\HlbeHe Cp6e" pHMCKOM npecTony).
CYMlbe Ha qHjoj cy CTpaHH Moje CHMnaTHje H y6eljelba. Y ,/\BeMa npHnHKaMa,
HeMQe, a 1878. AycTpo-YrapcKa
1927. rO,/\HHe, Ka,/\ caM ce caCTao ca MyconHHHjeM, 6HnH npHcHH H HeycHJbeHH:'
ce H IIohopeKa
)J;aKne, tJepqHn ce ,/\HBHOXHTnepoBoj
HalllH nHqHH O,/\HOCHcy
IIonoBHHoM
oKynHpa EOCHY H XepQeroBHHY ... CehaMo
H MaKeH3eHa: ,/\Be repMaHcKe HMnepHje, aycTpHjcKa H He-
MaqKa, HacpHyne cy Ha Many Cp6Hjy, y6HjajyhH
"pacHoj nojanHocTH"
H cp,/\aqHO
ocaMHaeCTor BeKa,
,/\p)l{e fanHQHjy H EYKOBHHY.MapHja Tepe3Hja y EaHaT ,/\OBO,/\H
TpehHHY iheHor CTaHOBHH-
lllTBa. A XHTnep je CBOMcneQHjanHoM H3acnaHHKY 3a EanKaH, Hoj6axepy,
ce ,/\PY)l{HOca MyconHHHjeM. JbynKO, HeMa lllTa. AnH, Eaj¢op,/\ je HnaK YXBa-
rOBopHo ,/\a Hapo,/\ KaKaB cy Cp6H "He CMe ,/\a )l{HBH Y3 )J;YHaB': HeMaqKa
THO rnaBHor MpaqlbaKa - HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha. tJeCTHTaMO! OBaj CHMOH BH3eHTan HOBor eHrneCKor HHTeneKTyanHor eCTa6nHlllMeHTa, nOBaQ Ha
je, no Xo¢6ayepy,
nOKojHe KpHnTOXHTnepOBQe, HHje ce HHMano cnyqajHo onpe,/\enHO ,/\a)l{HBH y 3eMJbHKoja je tJepqHna H3a6pana 3a CBor Hajyrne,/\HHjer ,/\p)l{aBHHKa, y je,/\HOj 0,/\ MHorHX aHKeTa KpajeM XX BeKa.
y )l{y,/\lbH 3a lllHpelbeM cBoje KanHTanHCTHqKe MohH, ,/\a-
Hac nOTqHHHna CKOpO Qeny HCTOqHY EBpony, HaCTaBJbajyhH XHTnepOBY eKOHOMCKYnonHTHKY y Toj 06naCTH. CeTHMO ce, HaQHCTH cy OCHOBanH "QeHTpanHH opraH 3a eBponCKY npHBpe,/\y BenHKor npOCTopa': "HeMaqKO CBeTCKOeKOHOMCKO,/\pyrnTBO': "MHCTHTYT 3a CBeTCKYnpHBpe,/\y':
"Pajxc
KOMecapHjaT 3a npHBpe,/\y BenHKor npOCTopa': HT,/\. 0,/\ HaQHCTa nOTHqe H H,/\eja 0 "perHOHanH3aQHjH
CBeTH HHKOJIaj H eBpOYHHjaTH
EBpone':
Kao H H,/\eja 0 "EKOHOMCKOM caBeTY
eBponCKHX ,/\p)l{aBa': BepHep )J;ajQ, je,/\aH 0,/\ rnaBHHX HaQHCTHqKHX eKOHOMHCTa, rOBopHO je: "AKO xoheMO Aa npeABOAHMO eBponCKH KOHTHHeHTeKO-
EHrneCKH ny6nHQHCTa PO,/\HH ETKHHCOH y CBOjOj KlbH3H ,,3aqapaHH eBponCKH Kpyr / KopnopaTHe
enHTe H HOBH ¢alllH3aM"
TaKolje je YKa3ao Ha
HOMCKH,lllTO HY)l{HO H 6e3ycnoBHo npOH3Hna3H H3 eKOHOMCKeCHare eBponCKor KOHTHHeHTa Kao je3rpa 6ene pace, He CMeMO,H3 pa3YMJbHBHX pa3nora,
Haj036HJbHHjH MoryhH HaqHH, Ha qHlbeHHQY ,/\a XHTnep HHje 6HO cnyqajHa nojaBa 3ana,/\Hor KanHTanH3Ma, H ,/\a MHore lberOBe H,/\eje )l{HBe H ,/\aHac, npe CBera npHnHKOM CTBapalba EBponCKe YHHje. KlbyqHH HaQHCTHqKH eKO-
jaBHo TO npornalllaBaTH
HeMaqKHM eKOHOMCKHMBenHKHM npOCTopOM. Mo-
HOMCKHTeOpeTHqap, XajHpHx XYHKe, y ,/\eny "EBponCKa eKOHOMCKa3aje,/\-
Te)l{HHe KOjy HeMaqKa HMa, Kao H H3 lbeHor reorpa¢CKor
paMO YBeK H3HOBa rOBopHTH 0 EBponH, jep HeMaqKO BOljCTBO npOH3Hna3H caMO OA ce6e H H3 nOnHTHqKe, eKOHOMCKe,KynTypHe H TeXHHqKe orpOMHe nono)l{aja:'
XepMaH J03e¢ Anc, qnaH ynpaBe HeMaqKe 6aHKe, Koja ce MHoro OKO-
HHQa" (1942) nHcao je ,/\a "eKOHOMCKO yje,/\Hlbelbe npe,/\cTaBJba Cy,/\6HHY CBHXEBpOnJbaHa': XYHKe je cMaTpao ,/\a cy ,,6y,/\yhHOCT H CTeneH eBponcKe
pHCTHna HaQHCTHqKHM npOAopOM Ha MCTOK, oKT06pa 1940. je rOBopHo Aa
capa,/\lbe ycnOBJbeHH YBoljelbeM je,/\HHcTBeHor eKOHOMCKor nporpaMa':
eBponcKH npocTop npY)l{a ,,60raTe H HcnnaTHBe MoryhHocTH"
)J;a-
Kne, Cp6HMa oneT ,/\ona3e BeqHH npHjaTeJbH, fepMaHH. Ko ro,/\ je qHTao
nOnHTHqKOM pa3Bojy Aoraljaja,
3axBaJbyjyhH
jep y TOM TpeHYTKY HeMaqKa nOA Bnalllhy
.,
134
135
P;p)l(Jf CKOpOQellY EBporry, Ha oBaj JfllJf oHaj HaqJfH. Taj Arrc je OCTao Y JfrpJf
):(aKlIe, oneT "Yjep;JflbeHa EBpona" Jf oneT HeMaqKa. HeMa, p;op;YlIIe,60Jb-
rrap;a.):(o 1976. je 6Jfo rrpep;Cep;HJfKHap;30pHor op;-
lIIeBJfKa Kao onaCHOCTJf,allJf TY cy JfClIaMCKJfTepOpJfCTJf.Ty je Jf AMepJfKa KO-
P;yro rrOClIeXJfTlIepOBor
60pa Beh rroMeHYTe HeMaqKe 6aHKe, a op; 1976. lbeH P;0)l(JfBOTHJfrrOqaCHJf rrpeCep;HJfK. JoaKJfM cpOHPJf6eHTpOrr, HaQJfCTJfqKJfMJfHJfCTap CrrOJbHJfXrro-
ja PYKOBOP;Jfm06allHJfM npOQeCJfMa (oneT BOll CTpJfT xohe eKcTpa npocpJfT, Kao lIITO je nOMarao Jf XJfTlIepOBoM pe)l(JfMY, 3apap; eKcTpa npocpJfTa). Y TOj
ClIOBa, paqYHao je p;a he Y MapTY 1943. 6JfTJf cTBopeH "CaBe3 eBpOrrCKJfXp;p-
Jf TaKBOj EBpOnJf, Koja je Cp6e )l(Jfrocalla Kao "BJfPYC KOjJf Tpe6a YHJflIITJfTJf"
)l(aBa~: qJfMe he ce rrocTJfhJf TpajaH MJfp. A eBO HeKOllJfKO peqeHJfQa HaQPTa
(,UejBJfp; [ollnepT,
flpe,B;CTaBKeMJfHJfCTapCTBa CrrOJbHJfXrrOClIOBa 0 cTBapalbY CaBe3a eBporr-
lIIJfpaK, npep;Cep;HJfKpaHQycKe), Cp6Jf he OCehaTJfHellarop;HO (y HajMalbY
CKijx,p;p)l(aBa: "Yjep;Jflbelbe EBporre Koje ce Y JfCTOpJfjJf Beh op;aBHOoQPTaBa npep;'CTaBJbaHY)I(aH pa3Boj. / .../ EBpona je nOCTalla CYBJflIIe MalIa 3a Mel)y-
PYKY). Y EBpOnJf Koja YKJbyqyje TypCKY Cp6JfMa he 6JfTJf HenpJfjaTHo (y
C06HO Jf301l0BaHe Jf 3apaheHe CYBepeHJfTeTe. / .../ PelIIelbe eBponCKor nJfTa-
CTpaHJfM eBpoYHJfjaTJfMa OnaCHJfjep nop;cehajy Ha qJflbeHJfQY p;a ce CBeT (Jf
RAND
KopnopaQJfja)
Jf Hapop; ,,6e3 Bepe Jf 3aKoHa" C>KaK
HajMalbY PYKY). A JbYP;JfnonYT CBeTor HJfKOllaja )l{JfqKOr cY p;oMahJfM Jf
lba MO)l(e ce HahJf caMO Ha cpep;epaTJfBHoj 6a3Jf nOlIITO ce eBponCKe p;p)l(aBe
EBpona) Mopajy nocMaTpaTJf sub speciae Christi;
Mory yjep;JfHJfTJf caMO clI060P;HOM OP;lIYKOMKoja npOJf3Jflla3Jf Jf3 YBJfl)alba
l)eHo y npKoc XpJfCTY JfMaTJf cyp;6JfHY BaBJfllOHCKe KYlle. CBeTJf HJfKOllaj
Jf p;a he CBe lIITO je carpa-
HeonXOp;HOCTJf yjep;JflbaBalba Y 3ajep;HJfQY CYBepeHJfX p;p)l(aBa. / .../ CaBe3
)l{JfqKJf je 0p;6paHa Cp6a op; CBJfXlIa)l(Jf OBor p;06a, op; eKOHOMCKJfX,npeKo
eBpOnCKJfX p;p)l(aBa Mopa 6JfTJf 3ajep;HJfQa no MoryhHOCTJf CBJfXeBpOnCKJfX
nOllJfTJfqKJfX, p;o pellJfrH03HJfX. Yp;apJfo je, CMellO Jf OP;lIyqHO, Ha "KapTelle
3eMaJba:' Ha lIITa BaM OBOlIJfqJf, 6paho Cp6Jf? ):(a nOHOBJfMO:HJfje OBOPTC
60raTalIIKe"
nponaraHp;a "eBpoaTlIaHTCKJfX JfHTerpaQJfja': OBO je PJf6eHTpon. Ji1HJfje TO
CJfCTeM"nOp;CeTJfOCp6e p;a, nopep; lIJfqHe, Heryjy Jf 3ajep;HJfqKY CBOjJfHYKao
2005, Kap; je nOCTallO "Jf3BOP;JbJfBO";6Jflla je TO 1943.
OCHOBxpJflIIhaHCKe COllJfp;apHOCTJfY P;PYlIITBY,He p;03BOJbaBajyhJfKanJfTallJf-
CTapJf p;06pJf fepMaHJf nOHOBOjalIIY Y Cp6JfjJf. EBO lIITa Ka)l(e XaHec Xocp6ayep 0 cTalbY noclIe "neTooKT06apcKe
peBollYQJfje" 2000. rOp;JfHe:
"Y 6aHKapCKJf CJfCTeMY Cp6JfjJf op; CMeHe pe)l(JfMa 2000. YMelIIalle cY ce HOBe, m06allHe
6aHKe Jf3 JfHOCTpaHcTBa. HajycnelIIHJfjJf
je aycTpJfjcKa Raiffesen
Zentralbank
(RZB).
Mel)y lbJfMa
Beh Henocpep;Ho noclIe OKTO-
(qJfTaj: MYlITJfHaQJfOHallHe KOMnaHJfje), Jf Y CBOMp;ellY "Cpep;lbJf
3MY p;a Y lbJfXOBJfM p;yrnaMa y6Jfje npaBp;y Jf MJfllOcpl)e; nOKa3ao je, y "Cp6CKOMHapop;y Kao Teop;YllY': p;a UpKBa Jf p;p)l(aBa Tpe6a p;a 6yp;y y CJfMcpOHJfjJf (camacjy)
3apap; p;06pa CBJfjy; y "PeqJfMa cpnCKOM Hapop;y" nOp;CeTJfOje p;a
je EBpona 6e3 XpJfCTa - Bella ):(eMOHJfja; y ,,)I{eTBaMa [ocnOp;lbJfM" peKao p;a he nOClIep;lba m06allJf3aQJfja 6JfTJf aHTJfXpJfCTOBa06MaHa Koja he paTOBaTJf
6apcKor 3aoKpeTa 2000. OBa 6aHKa je 6Jflla Ha lIJfQY MeCTa Jf Y MapTY 2001.
npOTJfB BoroqoBeKa, "Heyjep;HaqJfTeJba Jf Heyjep;HaqJfBor"; lIa)l(Jf TeococpJfje
p;06Jflla, Kao npBa JfHOCTpaHa 6aHKa, p;p)l(aBHY p;03BOllY 3a pap;. IIoqeTKoM
Jf lDy EjI,Ia pa30611JfqJfo y "Ji1HP;JfjCKJfMnJfCMJfMa" Jf "Teop;YllY"; Jf, HapaBHo,
2004. OHa ca 500 HaMelIITeHJfKa Beh P;p)l(Jf 18 cpJfllJfjalla Y 3eMJbJf.lDeH ycnoH
cByp;a yn030paBao
nOqJfBa y CyrnTJfHJf Ha TpJf cTy6a: Ha 60raToM nocTojeheM
p;aHac MaCKJfpaHe y npJfqy 0 eKYMeHJf3MY· 360r CBera OBora, Cp6e Tpe6a CnpeqJfTJf p;a qJfTajy HJfKOllaja; 3aTO lbe-
KanJfTallY Y JfHO-
cTpaHcTBY, Ha yp;aJbeHJfM nOTeHQJfjallHJfM KOHKypeHTJfMa ca cQeHe Jf Ha TpeHYTKY HacTyna ynpaBo Kap;je YBep;eHeBpo. Op; 3aTBapalba BellJfKJfX p;p)l(aBHJfX 6aHaKa PaJfcpaj3eH 6aHKa je Jf3BYKlIa KOpJfCT Beh Jf 360r Tora lIITO je MorlIa p;a npeY3Me jep;HJfM yp;apQeM Ha CTOTJfHeJfCKYCHJfXJf lIIKOlIOBaHJfX
Ha onaCHOCT pJfMOKaTOllJfqKe nponaraHp;e
YHJfjahelba,
rOBO JfMe Tpe6a 0611aTJfTJf,Jf npJfnJfCaTJf MY KpJfnTOXJfTlIepJf3aM, aHTJfCeMJfTJf3aM, Jf36eraBalbe lIJfqHe XJfrJfjeHe, JfTp;. AlIJf, npeBJflIIe je nJfCMeHJfX Cp6a p;a 6Jf TO TaKO lIaKO ycnello. Ji1MHoro
6aHKapCKJfX clIY)l(6eHJfKa KOjJf cy ce HalIIlIJf Ha YllJfQJf. Ji13lbJfXOBJfXpep;oBa
HJfKOllajeBJfX KlbJfra P;OlIIlIO je P;OnJfCMeHJfX Cp6a, KOjJf BJfp;e6ep;y CBOjJfX
AycTpJfjaHQJf cy Jf3a6pallJf OHe Haj60Jbe. A YBol)elbe eBpa 1. jaHyapa 2001.
nOllJfTJfqapa
("A
lIITa Cp6Jf napTJfjalIIJf
MJfClIe?" nJfTaO JfX je, npOpOqKJf
p;OBellOje y aycTpJfjcKY 6aHKY Ha XJfJbap;eKlIJfjeHaTa KOjJf cy MOpalIJf p;a cBoje
OlIITpO, CBeTJf HJfKOllaj )l{JfqKJf), Jf 3Hajy p;a cy OHJf caMO clIyre jep;He y60re
HeMaqKe MapKe, p;o Tap;a CKpJfBaHe y ClIaMapJfQaMa, npeTBope y eBpo. 'Kap; CMOP;OlIIlIJf, 6JflIJf CMO CaCBJfMlIJfKBJfP;HJfjep cy Hac 360r npOMeHe DM y
Jfp;eOllOrHje, Jfp;eOllorJfje CJfpOMalIIHJfje CMJfClIOMop; KOMYHJf3Ma,paCnaJbeHOr )l(eJbOMp;ace "CKOqJf Jf3QapCTBa HY)l(HOCTJfy QapCTBOclI060p;e". EBpOYHJfjaT-
eBpo npenllaBJflle
CKaJfp;eOllorJfja Tynor, )l(JfBOTJflbCKOr"nOTpOlIIaqKOr p;pYlIITBa" ("y ce, Ha ce
npJfBaTHe MyrnTepJfje' - CnOHOCOMJfCTJfqerllaBHJf MeHa-
I,Iep RZB OllJfBep Pem. 3a HeKOllJfKO MeceQJf PaJfcpaj3eH 6aHKa je Moma p;a
Jf nop;a ce"). IIOllJfTJfqapJf y Cp6JfjJf p;aHac rOBope MpTBJfM je3JfKOM "jaBKe Jf
CaOnlIITJf p;a je npJfp;06Jflla 20% YKynHe KlIJfjeHTelle y Cp6JfjJf, 3a lIITa 6Jf Y
0p;3JfBa" ("OTBopeHO p;pyrnTBO", "TOllepaHTHOCT': "eBpoaTlIaHTCKe JfHTerpa-
HOpMallHJfM OKOlIHOCTJfMa,KaKO JfCKpeHO npJf3Haje Perll, 6Jflla nOTpe6Ha Qella jep;Ha p;eQeHJfja:'
QJfje", "nOllJfTJfqKa KopeKTHOCT': "rOBOp Mp)l(lbe': npaBa': "IIapTHepcTBo
"lIYCTpaQJfja", "Jbyp;CKa
3a MJfP", "MeHaI,IMeHT", "Mel)YHapop;Ha 3ajep;HJfQa':
136
137
,,6ena
llIeHreHCKa
- HMKonaj
nMCTa': "rrpeBa3Mna:>Kellie
rOBopM
rp060BM
"Bpnor
HOBor CBeTa': cnyre
CBe HMKonajeBe
KlliMre
orreT he ce llierOBa 60rOMOJba'lKY
rrpOllInOCTM':
BenMKor
6paTa rn06anM3Ma.
(Kao Y Epe,L\6epMjeBoM
rropYKa,
HarraMeT,
rrecMY M KpMnaToM
pOMaHY
O,L\cPQa cPl\Y,
pe'ljy
rrpeHocMTM.
Mp3MTeJba TM'Ie - caMO HeKa pa,L\e CBOj rrocao, ill
MT,L\.). A HMKonaj
Kao oHaj KOjM MMa BnaCT, a He Kao <papMcejM,
y pYKaMa, "Yna3aK
OKpe'leHM J1,L\a crrane
451"),
,,apeHxajT
O,L\YCTa ,L\OYCTa, Kp03 A llITO ce HMKonajeBMx
rrocao
3a KOjM cY rrnaheHM.
KaKO BO,L\M 6aH,L\y pa360jHMKa rr06e,L\HM'lKMX
H3BpraBa
pyrny
rr06e,L\HM'lKa
paTa. KapMKaTypMcTa TpaJbe30M
,,06paha
Kao rroTY'leHH
aHTMTypcKa
KynType
KOanMl\Mja
An6aHl\e
y rrpaBOCnaBJbe",
fOnfOTe
rrMllIe: 'IMMe ce
6anKaHcKor
CBellITeHMKa
y6MjajyhM
KpaJb ITeTap
O,L\prraHL(M ... AHanH3MpajyhM
HOllIlliaMa, y TYPCKY':
M3 ITpBor
EpaHT je rrpe,L\CTaBMO cp6cKor
na caTa. Y ,L\06a an6aHcKe
CBe-
y 6anKaHcKMM
cnOBeHCKMX HOCMnal\a
KaKO MM~
MX CTOTHHY 3a rro-
H llierOBa
BojcKa
l\pTaHM
cy
TaKaB rrorne,L\ Ha Hac M Hallie
I
TMTeJb )KM'IKM
he ce 3a lliMX MonMTM Eory
- ,L\a ce rrpOCBeTne
M ypa3YMe.
rrpMnHKe,
,L\p MHnaH
aYCTpoyrapcKoy paTHHM
Cp6H Kao "paTHH 3JIO'lHHD;H" H CB. HHKOJIaj )J{H'IKH
PHCTOBMh Ka:>Ke: "Ueo
HeMa'lKoj
rrpOrraraH,L\M
rO,L\MHaMa - HaCeJbeH HapO,L\MMa 'lHje
HOCT Ka MyqKMM
y6McTBMMa,
,L\JbHBl\M CTOKe, CMpOMallIHMX Ka,L\a je Cp6CKM HapO,L\ 6MO caBe3HM'IKH PHKY, Bna,L\MKa HHKonaj
HMl\e
EanKaHa
M Cp6e
rn06anMCTM'IKe rrpornaCM
Y CPJ naKllIe
Harra,L\a. Tpe6ano TBe) cp6cKor
3a XereMOHe,
nerHTMMMcanM,
je H3BpllIMTM
,L\a rrpeKpojM
,L\a cy HeKM ,L\pym
,L\06a CBeTCKe KnaHMl\e. a lliHXOBe 60pl\e
Cp6e
(nMllIaBallie
HMKonajy
faBpHna
CTaTyca :>Kp-
M "XaHI,Iap"
caBe3HHl\M,
CTaBMTM rro,L\ cyMlliY
Ha rrpBoM
CBeTCKor paTa, Ka,L\a MY je AYCTPO- YrapCKa jep
HHKonaj
H AycTpMja
ITpe,L\cTaBa EanKaHa
EanKaHcKHx cBojoj
KapMKaType
HaCTaBaK
"UPHM
CBeTCKor ITeTap
y HeMa'lKHM
ITpBor
jyqepallIlliMx
Kp'lMM
rrpallIKoM
rrpoTMB
paTa.
J1cTOpM'Iap
CaTMpM'lHMM
cTepeoTMrra
,L\p MHnaH
pa360jHMl\M':
BallIJbMBOCTM. rrpaBocnaBHM
Cp6M
y
aHanH3MpajyhH
O,L\rrO'leTKa
,L\a cy CTepeoTMrrM
KpaJba rrornaBap
npe
PHCTOBMh,
UpKBe
XX
BeKa
0 HaMa ,L\aHaC Cp6M
"MMporroMa-
cy rrMjaHM rOCTM y 6anKaHcKoj
:>KaH,L\apM,L\aMX 'lYBajy. CBellITeHMK,
rrpeCTOHMl\a
ca Y:>KaCOMoKpeheMO
Hal\MOHanHY
Ha KapMKa-
C KpCTOM M KaH,L\HnOM
MT,L\.). / .. ./
cprrCKor
'nerno
y6Ml\a'."
rnaBY O,L\rrpH30pa
HapO,L\a; HeMa'lKM
CBeCT ,L\enMMa y KojHMa
HapO,L\
je TonMKO
CypOBOCTM, Kao llITO cy yqMHM-
1915, Ka,L\ cy
J1 TO je TBp,L\MO
rrOCTanM je,L\aH O,L\HajoKneBeTaHMjMx
rrJbYHYTH rro Cp6HMa.
fepMaHH
y Cp6MjM
CPJ ,L\OBenM cY,L\O Tora Hapo,L\a Ha KyrnM
3eMaJb-
CBH cy ce Ha,L\MeTanH y TOMe KO he BHllIe
(CrrMn6eproB
"MHpOTBOpal\"
Ka3aJIO KaKO O,I:\Cp6CKMX "TepopHcTa"
je CHHMJbeH,L\a 6M ce rro-
rrpeTM 'IaK M "HYKneapHa
orracHocT".)
EBO CllTa cy, H3Me1)y OCTan or, rOBOpHJIH rrpe,L\CTaBHMl\M ,,3arra,I:\He l\MBHnM3al\Mje"
0 HaMa. Ha TMM KapMKaTypaMa
'lMjer
ynaHM je
KpBO-
MHoro
KpMBOKneTCTBO,
HeBM1)eHa 3BepcTBa ...
CKoj. 0,11;rrOnMTH'lapa,L\o
Cp6Mjy. EanKaHl\MMa
,L\OKje llieHa
H ype,L\-
,L\p:>KaBa, Koja je '3arranMna
L(eBe,L\eCeTe rO,L\MHe XX BeKa M pacrra,L\ 6MBllIe
,1I;06a Ka,1l;a cy
Ha 3anaAY
'laCOrrMCMMa
rroKa3yje
KojMMa cy HeorrXO,L\HM eBporrcKM
TypM Ha KOjOj je Hal\pTaH
Ol\plliMBane
rrpHcYTHa·
H 6anKaHcKH
CBeTCKor paTa,
cy rrpe,L\CTaBJbeHM Kao BapBapM, 3yje"
Ha'lHHe
Kao 0 HajKpBoJtOqHl~jMM
6Mna je, Beh peKocMo,
M ITpBor
KlliM3H
,L\O Kpaja
Ha CBe Moryhe
0 Cp6MMa
KyrnM',
:>KMBOTMlliCKor HaCMJba M TonMKO 6ecpaMHe
,L\a cy Cp6M
oHeMoryhaBana
MX je oKyrrMpana.
CKno-
OHM cy Kpa-
M3rne,L\y 0,L\pa3 je lliMXOBor
KpaJbey6HcTBa,
CTpaXOTa, Koje cy CKpMBJ1nH rrpMrra}:\HMl\M
'lMHHnM
paTa M
oc06MHe:
rrpMMMTHBH3aM.
CrrOJballIllieM
je rrMcao: "MH
CBojy
cy rnaBHe
HerrpHrrMTOMJbeHa'
3eMaJbCKoj
MajHeKe
HMje HMKa,L\ yrrpJbao
MMxaHno-
MecTY).
6HO TPH Y OKY, jep je rrporrOBe,L\aO Cp6CKY cn060,L\Y. To je 6Hno
nO'lHOr
rrOHM3MTM,
(1)eHepana
l\enoj
J1cTOpM'Iap
6e3Ha'lajHa,
je - aKO je CY,L\MTM rro
MnM HHKaKBMX CKnOHOCTM Ka 'lMCTohM
O,L\HOC' rrpeMa
nM OBM JY:>KHM CnOBeHM:'
ce TO He ,L\ellIaBa rrpBM rrYT. ITpBM rrYT MY ce ,L\eCMno y,L\06a
3aK y Cp6CKY EOCHY M Xepl\erOBMHY,
HeMa'lKa
a
,L\MBM3Hja y TO CTpallIHO
Ha'lMHe Tpe6ano
M Bna,L\MKY HHKonaja
,L\a
rrpeBpTJbMBOCT,
rronMTMKe (TepopH3aM,
je 'Mana,
rrO:>Kap Ha
MeTa
CBeTCKOM puy,
CXBaTallia Cp6Mja
rpa-
rrOCTao
HapO,L\M 6MnM XMTnepOBM
je Ha CBe Moryhe
rrpoTMB XMTnepa
BMha, rraTpMjapxa
HOCTM. 'AHapXM'IaH
,L\a 6M ce cerrapaTMCTM'IKM
OH,L\a je H HMKonaj
",L\eBMKTMMM3al\Mjy"
lliMXOBM B01)M OCHMBa'lM KOHl\nOrOpa
Y0'lM ITpBor
XM,L\pe pellIMna
HapO,L\a KOjH je Y:>KaCHO cTpa,L\ao Y L(pyroM
6M ce rrpMKpMno
M AMe-
je 6MO YBa:>KaBaH Kao rrpe,L\cTaBHMK je,L\HOr 'IaCHOr
Hapo,L\a. Ka,L\a je BpxymKa
rrOKpeTM
Y O,L\HOCYHa EHrnecKY
EanKaH
HerrOCpe,L\HO rrpe,L\ M36Mjallie
(KaKO je TO rrpH6ene:>KHO 30paH
"J136pMcaTM
cprrCKH BHPYC"). Cp6M
"CrrpOBO,L\e rrCMxonomjy
Tepopa",
:>KaBajy :>KeHCKO CTaHOBHMllITBO':
1945': ,,:>Kene CBe,L\a nMKBM,L\Mpajy'; OHanHe 6M6nMoTeKe, 3arrao y orracHY
MY3eje,
rrapaHojy':
lle'rpoBHh
"BPllIe
norope";
TBPAMO je ,L\acy "cprrCKH rrallie
eTHM'lKOr
'lMllIhellia,
cepHje
"crrpOBe,L\e "HaMepHo
apxHBe':
jaBHMx
y CBojoj KlliH3M
CHnOBallia
H rrOHM-
Y:>Kace HeBM1)eHe y EBporrM M ycrrellIHo
YHMllITaBajy
"HapO,L\ 60necTaH,
OHM KOjM "yrpa1)yjy
:>KeHe': MT,L\. Hn030
I1J1~'OhaHal\
cy rrpe,L\cTaBJbeHM Kao OHM KOjH "KOJbY':
rrcehe
O,L\
Hal\M-
OAaBHO 3aTpoBaH,
eM6pMOHe y 60caHCKe
Hac je orrTY:>KMO Aa MMaMO ",L\HBJbe
EpMK MapronMC,
KonYMHMCTa
"TOpOHTO CTapa':
YC-
Hal\MCTM ,L\Ba,L\eCeTMXrOAMHa XX BeKa, y TOKY KaMrrpOTepanM
CKOrrJba, rra je OHa 3aBpllIMna
MajKY
y KanKYTM;
Tepe3Y
M llieHY rrOpO,L\Ml\Y" M3
L(ejBM,L\ fOMrrepT,
rrOTrrpe,L\CeAHMK
138
139
RAND
- KOpnOpaQuje, peKaO je .n;aCp6e Tpe6a 3aTBOpUTU y KapaHTUH .n;OK
BUPYC, KOjU OHU Hoce, He 6y.n;eYHUIliTeH; "JIeKapu CBeTa" cy TBp.n;HJIH.n;ahe cpncKu HaQUOHanUCTU "uhu.n;o Kpaja cBojux 3nOqUHa"; ,,3eneHu': llIe3.n;ece-
ca cp6cKe cTpaHe. To HUKO He nopuqe.
Anu, Huje cyl)eHo 3nOqUHUMa Cp6a
,Kao 6uno qUjUM .n;pyruM 3nOqUHUMa, HUTU cy XpBaTU U MycnuMaHU KOjU cy ,,:)rqUHunu 3nOqUHe 6unu TpeTupaHU no.n;je.n;HaKOCTporo Kao Cp6u (ceTUMO
TOOCMallI, ,D;aHujen KOH BeH.n;uTje Tpa)l(UO 60M6ap.n;oBalbe Cp6a y BOCHU;
.\(;~CaMO Hacepa Opuha, KOjU je BO.n;UOnOKOJbHa.n;npeKO .n;BeXUJba.n;eCp6a
llIecp CnOJbHUX nocnOBa HeMaqKe Knayc KUHKen je peKao .n;aCp6e Tpe6a
/X!'!3 OKonUHe Cpe6peHUQe U BpaTYHQa, U 3a TO, y Xary, .n;06uo .n;Bero.n;UHe 3aTBopa!),,3noqUHU noje.n;UHaQa Mel)y Cp6UMa UCKopUllIheHU cy 3a caTa-
6aQuTu Ha KoneHa; Me.n;nuH On6pajT, aMepUqKU .n;p)l(aBHUceKpeTap, Ha3Bana je Cp6e o.n;BpaTHuMa; Puqap.n; Xon6ypK ux je npornacuo ,,3nOqUHaqKUM .n;ynernaBQuMa"; cep TIuTep JYCTUHOBje peKao.n;a je npuna.n;HocT Cp6a, TUX "HaonaKUX CTBopelba': Jby.n;CKOM po.n;y - "Y BenUKOM 3aKallilbelbY"; ceHaTOp I)03ecp Baj.n;eHje YCTBP.n;UO .n;acy "Cp6u HenUCMeHU U .n;ereHepucaHU cunoBaTeJbU, y6uQe 6e6a, Kacanu";
HOBUHapKa )l(eHeBCKor "EBpOnJbaHUHa" je
CMaTpana.n;a cy Cp6u "paca napuja, Tpyne ja6YKe y 6ypeTY EBpone': a 6puTaHCKU reHepan cep MajKn POY3je 1999. no.n;ceTuo.n;a je HATO cnpeMaH.n;a 60M6ap.n;oBalbeM "Cp6e BpaTu y KaMeHO .n;06a': ,D;aje.n;aHHapo.n;,npeKo CBor .n;p)l(aBHOrBpxa, y cTalbY Koje 6UCMOMornu
,;HU3aQt1:jy Qenor cp6CKor Hapo.n;a, U Kao nOnUTUqKO opyl)e 3a 0.n;Y3UMalbe ,FtOM Hapo.n;y lberOBUX BeKOBHUX 3eMaJba (o.n;KHUHCKe 06naCTU.n;0 KOCOBa). Cp6u
cy TpeTupaHU
Kao y6uQe, a He Kao 6paHUOQU CBOjUX nerUTUMHUX
.n;p)l(aBHUX U Hapo.n;HUX npaBa. Y TOMe je np06neM, 3nOqUHa". Anu, Huje ce TO .n;ecuno caMO ca Cp6uMa.
a He y "npU3HaBalbY
To ce .n;ecuno U ca MHOruM
.n;pyruMa. EBO, y OBOMqacy Qeno qOBeqaHCTBO .n;PXTUo.n;paTa Ha BnucKoM MCTOKY.fnaBHu ype.n;HuK yrne.n;Hor "Le Monde
diplomatique':
Mmacuo
Pa-
MOHe,y .n;eQeM6py 2006. U3pa)l(aBa CBOjcTpax, U cTpax Qenor qOBeqaHCTBa, y
Ha3BaTU onca.n;HuM, MO)l(e.n;a3a60paBu neKQuje cBoje uCTopuje Kao UCTOpU-
yBO.n;HUKY"TIanecTuHcKU naBupuHT":
je cTpa.n;alba, U .n;anOqHe .n;ace nOHallia y u3BecHoj Mepu OHaKOKaKO cy ce nOHallianu npeMa lbeMY, TOHuje Hen03HaTO. M ja npu3HajeM .n;ace TO.n;ecuno
.n;anaTlbe Koje Tpne TIanecTuHQu, conu.n;apHocT KOjy OHU U3a3uBajy Ha Bnu-
ca MHorUM Cp6UMa y paToBuMa 1991-1995. MHOru HUCYnocnYIIIanu
nOHOp:' M M3paenQU U TIaneCTUHQU )l(ene MUp, anu U je.n;HaU .n;pyra CTpaHa
caBeT
"M.n;eMo Ka nOHopy. HejacHo ocehaMo
CKOMMCTOKY U )l(eCTOKepeaKQuje 0.n;6paHe M3paena npeTe .n;aCBeT rypHY y
CBeTor HUKonaja )l(UqKOr, KOjU je CBojUM cYHapo.n;HuQuMa nopyquo.n;a y Ja-
cy cnpeMHe Ha paT .n;ouCTpe6Jbelba. Y nocne.n;lbUX neT MeceQu 2006. u3pa-
ceHoBQY no.n;umy cnoMeH-xpaM
enCKe CHare y6une cy BUllle o.n;400 JbY.n;u,o.n;KojUX cy 6ap nona QUBunu. Pa-
- )l(pTBaMa "HajcTpallIHuje
UHKBu3uQuje':
.n;ace BeqHO cehajy CBOjUXMyqeHuKa U .n;ace He CBeTe,jep "KO ce CBeTU, Taj ce He nOCBeTU': "OCBeTa je BO)l(ja, Huje HallIe .n;eno': 06paha ce CBeTU Hu-
MOHe Ka)l(e: "BojHUQU HUCYqaK OKneBanu HU .n;a3. HOBeM6pa (2006) y6ujy
Konaj )l(UqKU MajQu BO)l(joj y CBojOj cnY)l(6u HOBoMyqeHUQUMa Cp6CKUM, ,,1)ep.n;aHo.n;MepI,IaHa': U Banuje: ",D;aj HaM .n;a6y.n;eMOXPUCTOBU CBeQeno:'
je 3nOqUH U Tpa)l(Una nOBnaqelbe u3paencKux
Anu, Huje npeBUllle qy.n;HOIlITO Cp6u y HeKUM cnyqajeBuMa HUCY 6UJIU Ha BUCUHU cBoje xpullIhaHCKe UCTopuje. 06e360)l(eHU cy 3a BpeMe TUTa, U TO
JIu6epMaH, Bol)a je.n;HeeKcTpeMUCTUqKe napTuje. M3paencKu nonUTUKonor,
HeHaopY)l(aHe )l(eHe, y BejT XaHYHY:' feHepanHa cKynllITuHa M3paena .n;OllIao je, Ha MeCTO "MuHucTpa u3yqaBanaQ eBponcKor
YH ocy.n;una
Tpyna U3 fa3e. Ho, y Bna.n;y
3a cTpaTelliKe npeTlbe"
cpallIu3Ma 3eB lllTepHxen,
ABur.n;op
cMaTpa .n;aje JIu6epMaH
CUCTeMaTCKU.CBaKa npojaBa BepCKor U HaQUOHanHor ocehalba fYllIeHa UM
"MO)l(.n;aHajonacHuju
je y KopeHY. Huje UM .n;03BOJbeHO .n;a.n;OCTOjHO caxpaHe U onnaqy cBoje )l(pTBe
aYTopuTapu3Ma
U3 ,D;pyror CBeTCKor paTa. JaMe 6e3.n;aHUQey ,D;anMaQuju, JIUQU, KOp.n;YHY,
"Xa'apeQ': 0 ca.n;allIlbeM cTalbY y M3paeny Ka)l(e: "O.n;CBor OCHUBalba, .n;p)l(aBa
XepQerOBUHU 3a6eTOHupaHe cy. A cehalba, onTepeheHa TpaYMaMa, npeHocuna cy ce C KoneHa Ha KoneHO.
U
nOnUTUqap y UCTOpUjU M3paena': jep y ce6u cnaja QPTe
IlIOBUHU3Ma. AKuBa En.n;ap, JeBpejuH, HOBuHap .n;HeBHUKa
M3paen 0 ce6u rnaCHO U jacHo rOBOpu Kao 0 je.n;UHoj .n;eMOKpaTuju Ha BnuCKOMUCTOKY.TIopel)eH ca CUPUjOM U MpaHOM, unu y Malboj Mepu, ErunToM
M oH.n;acy .n;ollInu paToBU 1991-1995, paToBu, no U;plbaHcKOBUM peqUMa, "no Tyl)oj BOJbU U 3a Tyl) paqYH': paToBU Koje je CBeCHOno.n;cTaKna
.n;eMOKpaTCKUXBpe.n;HOCTU,Kao IlITO cy cn060.n;a U3pa)l(aBalba, Bna.n;aBUHa
T3B. "Mel)YHapo.n;Ha 3aje.n;HuQa" (3ana.n;, KOMe JyrocnaBuja,
Kao TaMnOH-30-
3aKOHa U o.n;p)l(aBalbe cn060.n;HUX u360pa.
Ha npeMa COBjeTujU,
cy y XpBaTcKoj
HOM nnaHY M3paen jecTe je.n;HaBpno pa3BujeHa .n;eMOKpaTuja;Mel)YTUM, Ka.n;
BUllle Huje 6una nOTpe6Ha).
Cp6u
U Jop.n;aHOM, M3paen MO)l(e .n;ace C npaBOM nOHOCU CBOjUM nOIliTOBalbeM
Ha CTpYKTypanHoM U cpopMan-
oneT Bu.n;enu llIaxoBHuQY, qynu nOnUTUqape KOjU XBane H,D;X, y pYKaMa cy
ce pa.n;u 0 MopanHUM Bpe.n;HOCTUMa,OBa .n;eMOKpaTuja oCTaje cna6a U palbU-
.n;p)l(anu KYHY, Koja je HOBaQ 6una caMO 3a BpeMe TIaBenuha. Y BOCHUje Ha
Ba - OHa je qaK nana jOIll HU)I(e. 3a pa3nUKY o.n;3eMaJba 3ana.n;He EBpone
qeno MycnuMaHa CTao Anuja M3eT6eroBuh, aYTop "McnaMcKe .n;eKnapaQuje". M Ka.n;je KPB nOTeKna, nOTeKna je nOTOQUMa. M 6uno je 3nOqUHa, qaK U
Cje.n;UlbeHUX ,D;p)l(aBa y M3paeny He nOCToje KOqHUQa oMoryhyjy
OqYBalbe .n;eMOKpaTCKepaBHOTe)l(e.
U
U
npOTUBTe)l(a Koje
141 140 Bpe~HOCTH ~eMoKpaTHje HHCY 6Hne YKOpelbeHe y nOnHTHqKY KynTYPY KOjy cy On;HOCHHBaQH~p)l(aBe, Mel)y KojHMa H ,1:(aBH,l\BeH fYPHOH AOHenH ca C060M H3 HCTOqHeEBpOne. OBH JbYAH cy OAMax 6HnH cYOqeHH ca er3HCTeHn;HjanHHM CYK060M M3paena H Apana H H3a30BOM CTBapalba jeAHe HOBeHa-
CHMnnHn;HCTHqKHM rrOpYKaMa THna: 'HuKaga 8utue' - lIITO APYrHM peqHMa 3HaqH: 'AKO xoneMo ga cupetJuMo H08Y Kamacmpocfiy, MopaMo 6umu jaKu.' M MHorH OA aHX Bpahajy ce H3 AYlIIBHn;a ca ocehaaeM
):\a Han;HcTHqKH re-
Hon;H):\H, jOlII lIIHpe, HCTopHja aHTHceMHTH3Ma, M3paenn;HMa ):\ajy noce6Ha
n;Hje. OHH cy 6paHHnH H,l\eje KaO UITO cy npHBp)l(eHOCT ,l\p)l(aBH, jeAHHcTBO
npaBa, na H npaBo ,l\a KplIIe OcHOBHa rrpaBa cBOjHX cyceAa, H Aa 3a TO He
H XOMOreHH3an;Hja cTaHOBHHlIITBa. 3a IbHX Ap)l(aBa je npeACTaBJbana jeAHY
Tpne KPHTHKY· HHje cnyqajHo):\a JIH6epMaH npHrraAa OHHMJeBpejHMa KOjH cy OApacnH
BenHKY nocYAY 3a TOrrJbelbe Y KOjOj BpnO pa3nHqHTO CTaHOBHHlIITBO, a npe cBera OHH KojH cy n06ernH
oA Illoaxa
- CMaTpaHH "lbygCKOM. Upatuw-IOM"
- Tpe6a Aa ce yjeAHHH OKO3aje,l\HHqKHX BpeAHOCTH.360r Tora je OHOnpHBp)l(eliO CnOJbalIIlbHM 3Han;HMa AeMoKpaTHje, Kao IllTO je peAOBHO 0Ap)l(aBalbe H360pa, a HCTOBpeMeHOOrpaHHqaBa, y HMe 6e36e,l\HOcTH, cn060AY IllTaMne, npe cBera npeKO BojHe n;eH3ype. 360r TOra ce, y HMe 6e36eAHocTH, apanCKHM rpal)aHHMa M3paena, OA 1948. AO 1966. HaMeTana BojHa ynpaBa, npaheHa 3HaqajHHM OrpaHHqelbeM IbHXOBe cn060Ae. To je JOIll jeAaH AOKa3HerrpHXBaTaiba AeMOKpaTCKHXBpeAHOCTH. BenHKa BehHHa jeBpejcKor
CTaHOBHHIllTBa,
YKJbyqyjyhH H enHTe, rrpHXBaTHna je Kao HelIITO HopManHO rronHTHKY HHCTHTYn;HOHanH30BaHe cerperan;Hje npeMa apancKoj MaIbHHH.
y CCCP-y npe Hero lIITO cy ):\OlIInH y M3paen, H KOjH HMajy 3HaqajHY rro):\plIIKY y HCeJbeHHn;HMaH3 OBe 3eMJbe. BHIlle 0):\ MHnHOH COBjeTa ):\ocenHno ce y '06ehaHY 3eMJbY' TOKOMce):\aMAeceTHX a HapOqHTO TOKOM):\eBeAeceTHX rO):\HHa: OHH y BehHHH cnyqajeBa HeMajy HHKaKBO HCKYCTBO3ana):\He AeMOKpaTHje HHTH TaqHO ca3Haae 0 CYlIITHHH H3paenCKO - aparrCKor cYK06a. OHH cy, cTora, rroce6HO no):\nO)l(HH )l(ecTOKHM nopYKaMa AeCHHn;e,Koja caaa o jaKoM qOBeKY, o):\pel)eHoM Aa 'y M3paeny ycnocTaBH pe,l\'. IllTaMna Ha pyCKOMje3HKY Koja HerrpeCTaHo pa3BHja nponaraHAY rrpoTHB Apana H neBHn;e, cHa)l(HO AorrpHHoc jaqaay OBor THrra MHlIIJbeaa. Mel)YTHM, BpeAHocTH ):\e-
Ca cBoje CTpaHe 06pa30BHH cHCTeM npeAHOCT Aaje rrHTalbHMa Kao lIITO
MOKpaTHje HCTOcy TaKO cTpaHe opTOAOKCHHMJeBpejHMa Kao H BepHHn;HMa ca Han;HoHanHCTHqKe AecHHn;e, KOjH 06YXBaTajy OKO 25 OACTOH3paencKor
cy OAaHOCTAp)l(aBH, H3paenCKo-apanCKH cYK06, aHTHceMHTH3aM H BojHa
CTaHOBHHlIITBa - pa3Mepa Koja he ce nOBehaBaTH C 063HpOM Ha aHXOB Ha-
cnY)l(6a. Mcrro):\ TaHKHX KOPHn;a yI,I6eHHKa rpal)aHcKor
TanHTeT, TpH nYTa BehH 0):\ Han;HoHanHor npoceKa. Herr03HaBaae BpeAHocTH ,l\eMOKpaTHje, HnH paBHoAYlIIHOCT npeMa aH-
BacnHTalba, KOjH y
MnaAe reHepan;Hje Tpe6a ,l\a ycaAe BpeAHOCTH jeAHaKoCTH H AeMoKpaTHje, KPHjy ce CTpaHHn;enpenyue
CTepeOTHna. CBe AO 80- HX rOAHHa KIbH)I(eBHOCT
3a Aen;y onHCHBana je Apane Kao HH
cTalba', paIllHpeHor
KOA M3paenan;a.
Ma, He YTHqe caMO Ha O):\HOCrrpeMa apancKoj MaaHHH H cYK06 ca TIanecTHHn;HMa. OHH TaKol)e YTHqy H Ha pacnpaBY H3Mel)y neBHn;e H AeCHHn;e Kao H H3Mel)y BepHHKa H naHKa. Y6HCTBO rrpeMHjepa JHn;aKa Pa6HHa, nOKa3ano je Mepy HeTonepaHn;Hje OHHX M3paenan;a 3a Koje je 3eMJba Beha BpeAHOCTnpeMa OHHMa KOjH cMaTpajy Aa je Ba)l(HHje TparaTH 3a MHPOM:' qOBeK 6H peKao Aa Hapo):\ KojH je TonHKO CTpa):\ao Hehe MohH Aa 6y):\e
Kao )l(PTBY ,l\pyrHX Han;Hja.
YBe):\eHy H3BecHe <popMe eKcTeMH3Ma. Mel)YTHM, H TO je Moryhe, H caBpeMeHa CHTyan;Hja y M3paeny TO rroTBpl)yje. HeKH nYT ce Y HeTpneJbHBOCTH
OBa nepn;enn;Hja je YTOnHKo jaqa IllTO JeBpejH cBojy HCTopHjy, HapOqHTO CBO-
H):\eH y KynTypH: y JepycanHMY je 6. jYHa 1998. rO):\HHe o):\p)l(aH cKyn 0 cYA-
OHH cy O,ll;YBeKjeBpejcKH
HapoA nocMaTpanH
jHX 2000 rO):\HHa):\Hjacrrope, BH):\eKao HH3 rrorpoMa Koje cy npoTHB JeBpeja qHHHnH Hapo):\H ca KojHMa cy OHH )l(HBenH. Illoax
y OBOM):\oKa3HBaIbY OqHrneAHO KOHcTHTynIlle Bpxyuan;. CBaKe
rOAHHe 6pojeH IllKoncKe YCTaHoBe n03HBajy cBoje l)aKe, ,l\eqaKe H ):\eBojqHn;e, Ha xo):\oqaIllhe y norope cMpm y TIOJbCKOj.OBa nYTOBalba Y yqeHHKe yrpal)yjy jaK ocehaj cTpenlbe H ,l\OnpHHOce jaqalbY IbHXOBor orra)l(alba JeBpeja Kao )l(pTaBa. Ca Apyre cTpaHe, IbHXOBa He3penocT CrrpeqaBa OBY oMnaAHHY Aa
6HHH BarHepoBe MY3HKe y OBOj cpeAHHH. CBe je rroqeno 0):\ MOMeHTa Ka):\a je aHcaM6n HOBe H3paencKe onepe 0):\6HO):\a H3BO):\HBarHepoBa ):\ena, jep je AOTHqHH 6HO aHTHceMHTa H OMHJbeHHXHTnepoB KOMrr03HTop. Bap):\a UHMepMaH, npe):\cTaBHHK orrepe 3a lIITaMny, H3jaBHna je ):\ahe BarHepoBa ):\ena 6HTH H36aqeHa H3 penepToapa aKO aHcaM6n 6y):\e yrropaH y cBOM cTaBY· HapaBHo; HMaMOpa3YMeBaae 3a cTpa):\aae jeBpejcKor HapoAa. MMaMo pa3YMeBaae 3a aerOBO ocehaae yrpo)l(eHOcTH. )Kao HaM je 360r 6paToy6HnaqKOr
BHM )l(HBOTOM a npe CBera YTHn;aTH Ha aHXOB CTaB npeMa oKynan;HjH, Kojy
cYK06a aparrcKo-jeBpejcKor (jep, H ApanH cy ceMHTCKHHapoA). AnH, nOAcehaMO Aa cy Ha Cp6e npHMeaeHH APyraqHjH KpHTepHjYMH T3B. "Mel)YHapoA-
Tpe6a ,l\a 6paHe TOKOM cBoje BojHe cnY)l(6e. OHH ce yrnaBHoM Bpahajy ca
He 3ajeAHHn;e" (AMepHKa
H3 reHOn;H):\aH3Byqe cno)l(eHHje neKn;Hje, Koje 6H Morne ynpaBJbaTH aHXO-
+ caTenHTH)
Hero Ha APyre. A Cp6H Bone rrpaBAY·
142
143
J1 He Bone 6e3aKOlbe.
J1 Y CBOjOj XJ1MHJ1 ce 06pahajy
nJ1MO .n;a ce CXBaTe J1 Hallie reHOQJ1.n;.
TpaYMe,
AKO, .n;aKne, HeM a rapaHQJ1je
HJ1KOnaja
)l{J1qKOr
jecy
HJ1KOnajeBe
Heorrxo.n;HJ1 je.n;HOM Hapo.n;y - .n;a 6J1 ra rrpo-
rropYKe
.n;ajy CBojMM l)aQJ1Ma, 6J1no 6J1 MHoro yY)l(aCHOM,
HaCJ1nHJ1qKOM .n;06yy
qJ1TanJ1 HJ1KOnaja, )l{J1qe
a He MapKca
Ha qOBeqHOCT.
Y yJ,l6eHJ1QJ1Ma J1.n;aJ1X rrpOCBeTapM
Malbe
orraCHOCTJ1 o.n; OCBeTe J1 HaCJ1Jba
KOMe )l(J1BJ1Mo.,[I;a cy paTHJ1QJ11991-1995. J1 EHrenca,
J1 CTy.n;eHJ1Qe, a He qmnMOBJ1Ma
AnJ1, jOlli
O)J;JIYKaCa60pa
OH.n;aje jacHo .n;aJby.n;J1rrorrYT
cBehJ1BanJ1 M Bo.n;J1nJ1,.n;a MY He 6J1 .n;03BOnJ1nJ1 .n;a 3a60paBJ1 ,[I;a cy xpJ1llihaHCKe
CBETAIJ;?
rrpaB.n;e. 3aTO )l(e-
.n;ahe HeKO KO je cTpa.n;ao Y MCTOpJ1jJ1 .n;ace
Y3.n;J1rHe J13Ha.n;nOfJ1Ke "OKO 3a OKO, 3y6 3a 3y6': CBeTor
Bory
J1 qJ1lbeHJ1Qa .n;a CMO J1 MJ1 rrpe)l(J1BenJ1
J1 .n;a cy ce XpaHJ1nJ1 CBeTJ1lbaMa
0 PaM60y,
CBe 6J1 6J1no .n;pyraQMje .
HJ1je KaCHO - HJ1KOnaj HaM je J1.n;aJbe Ha pacrronaralbY.
CBeTM ApXJ1jepejcKJ1
2003 .
3ace.n;albY
Ca60p
Cp6CKe
fIpaBocnaBHe
UpKBe
Ha MajcKoM
.n;OHeo je cne.n;ehy o.n;nYKY, KOjy je CBOjOM rrOCnaHJ1QOM 06-
3HaHJ10 ApXJ1errJ1CKOrr rrehKJ1, MJ1TpOrrOnJ1T 6eorpa.n;cKo-KapnOBaQKJ1 TpMjapx
Cp6CKJ1 f. fIaBne:
y CBelliTeHOM CBerora
Ca60py
,[I;yxa,
apmjepeja
Bora
Halliera
.n;06pa J1 cBeYKyrrHor Ca60pHe
cprrcKe
,[I;yxy
UpKBe,
Hallie
UpKBe
J1 HaMa
CBOjJ1M, pa.n;J1 .n;yxoBHor J1 Qene Je.n;He, CBeTe,
rrOMeCHe UpKBe
XpJ1CTOBe, .n;a rrpJ16pojJ1MO
ErrJ1CKOrra OXp~.n;CKor
J1 rra-
(.[(an 14,28)
a y cnaBY OQa J1 CJ1Ha J1
.n;J1BHOr y CBeTJ1Ma
HarrpeTKa
J1 ArrOCTonCKe
6na)l(eHOrrOQJ1Bllier
"J13BOnJ1 ce CBeToMe
Ca60py
J1)l{J1QKOr HJ1KOnaja
CBeTJ1X
KOjJ1 je Bora
rrpOCnaBJ10 CBOjJ1M )l(J1BOTOM J1.n;enJ1Ma J1Kora je focrro.n; Beh rrpOCnaBJ10 .n;J1BHJ1M 3HaMelbJ1Ma TJ1TeJbeM UpKBe
J1 cBeHapo.n;HJ1M fIpaBocnaBHe,
Je.n;J1HOr qOBeKOJbyrrQa
rrOlliTOBalbeM.
fIpornalliaBajyhJ1
MOnJ1MO ce focrro.n;y
.n;a lberOBO
ra CBeCBe.n;OQelbe
J1)l(J1BJ1 rrpJ1Mep Bepe J1 CBeQOBeQaHCKe Jby6aBJ1 rro-
cnY)l(J1 CBJ1Ma HaMa .n;aXOP;J1MO3a IbJ1M J1rrpOCnaBJbaMO
ra y UpKBJ1 XpJ1CTO-
l\oj 60)l(aHCTBeHJ1M cn)')l(6aMa J1 rrOXBanHJ1M neCMaMa. OBO rrp9~~H>e ~apyje Hallioj XpJ1CTOHOCHOj UPKM MCBeMyfIpaBOCnaBJbY Bemu
)l{J1BOMe
focrro.n;y.
.trraCJ1 Hac. Je.n;J1HOMerrpeMy.n;pOMe Halliera,
MOnJ1TBaMa
OXpJ1.n;CKor J1)l{J1QKOr fIpeCBeTa
y ,[I;yxy CBeTOMe,
cnaBa
Bory,
TpojJ1Qe,
CBeTor
oQa Hallier
BO)l(e Halli,
rrOMJ1nyj
J1
OQY, Kp03 J1cyca XpJ1CTa, focrro.n;a
J1 BenJ1QaHCTBO, Moh J1 BnaCT, ca.n;a J1 YBeK
J1y BeKOBe BeKOBa. AMJ1H:' YHOllielbY
y .n;J1rrTJ1XeCBeTJ1X cy rrpeTxo.n;J1nJ1 Harra.n;J1pa3HJ1X "HeBna.n;J1-
HJfX OpraHJ13aQJ1ja"
J11bJ1XOBJ1XJ1HCrrJ1paTOpa Ha UpKBY,
J1 oQa JYCTJ1Ha. TaKo je "XenCJ1HlliKJ1 rrOnMTMQKJ1M rrpeTeH3MjaMa BMcepKo
CTalba,
"fI03MBalbe
CKOM rrpaBOCnaBJbY Bnap;J1Ka HMKonaj HaHTHe
"YKpaCJ10"
M lbeHMX capa.n;HMKa (M3BelliTaj
BaHpe.n;Hor 1945):
CfIU
cTpyje
HajlliJ1peM
Koje,
Ha Bna.n;J1KY HJ1KOnaja
y CfIU,
B. ,[1;.). MOlliTJ1
y.n;06a
a y cKnap;y
ca rraCTBOM. .n;aHac .n;OMJ1-
op;pe.n;HJ1Qe aHTJ13arrap;lballiTBO C EJIEMEHTJ1MA
OTIIOQJ1lbana
C HacTojalbeM
o.n;
Kao Ha HajBJ1lliJ1 aYTOpJ1TeT Y cprr-
Bnap;J1Ke HMKonaja
1991, y .n;aHJ1Ma Ka.n;a je Cp6J1ja rocnaBMje,
2. arrpJ1na 2003,
KaKO HeKO peQe, He rrpecTaje
nMQHOCT HajKoH3epBaTMBHMje,
QMje cy TeMeJbHe
0
COlbe
KapaKTepJ1CTJ1Ka je y KOMYHJ1KaQJ1jM CfIU je KYnTHa
M3BelliTaj
OBaKBJ1M ,,6J1CepMMa"
je 06jaBJbeH
6ap 3a Hac Cp6e,
cMMcny J1HAUJ10HAJIJ13AM
(rro.n;BnaQelbe
Bna.n;J1KY HJ1KOnaja
0.n;60p 3a Jbyp;CKa rrpaBa"
rrpeHeTe
y
AIlIJ13MA
cy y Cp6J1jy
Y Majy
paT Ha TepMTOpJ1jM 6J1Bllie Jy-
MJ1nOllieBMheBor
pe)l(J1Ma p;a M3BplliM
144
145
WTO e
CBeTHTeJbaH36pHcaHo 36 CBeTaQa cp6cKor pO)J;a,1)opt)eBHh 06jawlbaBa
paCnOnO)l(elba. HaKoH 5. oKT06pa, CTIU; jow yna)J;JbHBHje npoMoBHwe Bna)J;HKYHHKonaja. aHa ra KBanH
je TO ypat)eHO 3aTO WTO 3a IbHX HHje )J;OKa3aHO)J;acy y nHqHOM H jaBHoM )l(H-
cTBapajyhH O)J;Ibera MHT y HapOAY H '3aWTHTHH 3HaK cpnCTBa H npaBocna-
HH3aQHje Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja he 3a nocne)J;HQY HMaTH 36YlbHBalbe BepHHKa.
BJba'. TaKO, Ha npHMep, lJ,pKBa, y npHCYCTBY caMor Bpxa BojHe xHjepapxHje,
OH nO)J;ceha)J;ace CBaKHApxHjepejcKH
reHepana He60jwe Ka HATO
TIaBKoBHha, Ha )J;aH24. MapTa, Ha rO)J;HwIbHQY nOqeT-
)J;a
BOTY 6HnH 6ecnpeKopHH H 6e3 MaHa. TIpeMa lberoBoM OqeKHBaIbY, qHH KaHOca60p oTBapa qHHOM enHKne3e, MH-
CTHqHHM qHHOM TOKOMKojer ce ,,3a3HBa ):(yx cBeTH". ):(yx HHje 3aTajHo, "Beh
HHTepBeHQHje y Cp6HjH, Y MaHaCTHpy COKO oTKpHBa cnOMeHHK
je 3aTajHna caBeCT HaWHX apxHjepeja H HCTopHjcKa cBecT". J1BaHa BYWKOBHh
OBOM KOHTpoBep3HoM Bna)J;HKH,KOjH je HCKa3HBao oTBopeHo nOWTOBalbe
Ka)l(e HOBO: ,,3HajyhH )J;aje sna)J;HKa HHKonaj 6HO CTpaCHHnywaq, WTO lJ,p-
npeMa XHTnepy H qHja je MHcao, H3Met)y OCTanor, ca)J;p)l(ana HeYBHjeHH aH-
KBa CMaTpa nopOKOM, naTpHjapx TIaBne ce cBojeBpeMeHO nHTaO)J;a nH HH-
THCeMHTH3aM. He)J;aBHo je CaBe3 jeBpejcKHx
Konaj MO)l(e )J;anOCTaHe cBeTaQ aKO ce 3Ha 3a Taj lberOB nopOK, )J;OKcy )J;pyrH
onWTHHa Cp6Hje H lJ,pHe fo-
pe, KOHcTaTyjyhH )J;aje nocne 5. oKT06pa aHTHceMHTH3aM y nopacTY, HaBeo
QPKBeHH BenHKO)J;OCTojHHQHTBp)J;HnH)J;aCBeTaQ HnaK MO)l(e 6HTH rpewaH,
KIbHry Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja 'PeqH cpncKoM Hapo)J;y H3a TaMHHqKHX np030pa'
O)J;HOCHO )J;aHeMa caBpweHor
Kao npHMep 'HajoraBHHjer ')aBona. '"
aHTHceMHTH3Ma', y KOMe cy JeBpejH CHHOHHM3a
BenH OHa: "MHpKO 1)opt)eBHh HCTHqe )J;aCBeTaQ He MO)l(e )J;a6Y)J;erpeWHHK,
Met)fHapo)J;Ha KpH3Ha rpyna ca CBOjHM<paM03HHM6eorpa)J;cKHM 60COM
t)eHH KBanHTeTH. Met)YTHM, KaKO HarnawaBa, He nocToje )J;OKa3H3a nOKaja-
"
qOBeKa Met)y CBeTHTeJbHMa:' THM nOBO)J;OM,
anH nOKajaHH rpeWHHK MO)l(e)J;a6Y)J;eCBeT,Kao H )J;ace 3a CBeQaTpa)l(e o)J;pe-
JIajoHoM npHxBaTHna je CTaBOBeXencHHwKor
0)J;60pa 3a JbY)J;cKanpaBa H
Ibe Bna)J;HKeHHKonaja KojH je rOBopHO )J;acy 'JeBpejH )J;eQat)aBOJba' H KOjH je
Hanana CTIU; 360r Tora WTO je OHa "BHCOKOKOH3epBaTHBHOHaQHOHanHO
nHcao MonHTBe npOTHB KynType. OH je TonHKO rnopH
Teno ..:: qHjH cy "CTaBOBH, qeCTO,Bpno aHTH3ana)J;lbaqKH, H30naQHOHHCTHq-
)J;a360r Tora Mopa )J;ace HWqHCTe 6pojHH nojMoBH, jep xpHwhaHCTBO Tpa-
KH H )J;e<paH3HBHH ... HajBehHM )J;enOMlbeH ca)J;aWIbH HaqHH pa3MHWJbalba
)l(H 6ecnpeKopHOCT H nep
HCXO)J;HH3 nHcalba )J;BaaHTHceMHTCKH HacTpojeHa KnHpHKa )J;eCHorKpHna,
WyhH O)J;nYKY CBeTor apxHjepejcKor ca60pa CTIlJ, 0 KaHOHH3aQHjH sna)J;HKe HHKonaja, ny6nHQHCTa MHnopa)J; TOMaHHh HaBO)J;H,npe CBera, MHWJbelbe
aKTHBHHX TOKOM):(pyror CBeTCKor paTa: enHCKon HHKonaj BenHMHpOBHh H .., apXHMaH)J;pHTJYCTHHTIonoBHh':
(Y CBOMKOMeHTapy Ha oBaj
TeKCT,Bna-
)J;HKaATaHacHje )J;o)J;aje:"Y qeMY je Ta 'aKTHBHOCT' Ta)J;aYTaMHHqeHOr H y
je)J;Hor CBor npHjaTeJba KOjH Ka)l(e)J;a "y QPKBH Y KOjOj ~HnapeT MO)l(e 6HTH enHCKon, 3aWTO H HHKonaj He 6H Morao nOCTaTH CBeTaQ./ .../ ):(06ap n03Ha-
norop ):(axay cnpOBe)J;eHor EnHCKona HHKonaja - HHKOMe HHje jacHo, OCHM
BanaQ H nOWTOBanaQ nHKa H )J;enaHHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha je H MHTpono-
lberOBHM CTapHM H HOBHM Mp3HTeJbHMa:')
nHT QPHorOpCKO- npHMopCKH AM
TIocne KaHOHH3aQHje, ornaCHnH cy ce qnaHKonHcQH HaWHX "He3aBHCHHXHOBHHa': JIHCT ,,):(aHac" je 06jaBHo TeKCTJ1BaHe BYWKOBHh "CBeTaQ 3a
Bna)J;HKaHHKonaj nany Ha3HBa 'apxHjepeTHKOM' H 'aHTHxpHCTOM'. JOW MY je n03HaTHje )J;alberOB yqHTeJb, OTaQ JYCTHHTIonoBHh eKYMeHH3aM CMaTpa
21. BeK': y KojeM ce HaBO)J;epa3nHqHTa MHWJbelba 0 KaHoHH3aQHjH. EBO o)J;no-
3aje)J;HHqKHMHMeHOM3a 'nceY)J;oxpHwhaHCTBa, nceY)J;OQPKBe3ana)J;HeEBpO-
MaKa: ,,1)opt)eBHh cMaTpa)J;aje o)J;nYKaCa60pa HCXHTpeHa H )J;ace nO)l(ypHno,
ne'. J1 nope)J; CBHXTHX 3Halba, MHTpononHT AM
oQelbyjyhH)J;a 6H MOTHBTpe6ano Tpa)l(HTH y KOHTeKcTYKOHconH)J;aQHjeKOH-
apa OBerO)J;HHeOTHwao y 3BaHHqHY noceTY BaTHKaHY. TOKOMcBoje noceTe,
3epBaTHBHHx CHara HaKOHy6HcTBa npeMHjepa 1)HHt)Hha:' (CBeTH HHKonaj
MHTpononHT AM
ce cnaBHO y Wa6aqKO- BaJbeBcKoj enapxHjH O)J;1986. rO)J;HHe,Y3 cBehy, KOnaq
MHWJbelbY OBe )J;BojHQe,n03HaTHM Kao nana. MHTpononHT
H ca HKOHOM; OqHTO, "KoH3epBaTHBQH" H3 CTIlJ, cy jow Ta)J;acnpeManH 3a-
y CBOjOj n03)J;paBHoj 6ece)J;H06paTHO ca 'Bawa CBeTOCTH', a HHCTHTyQHjy y
Bepy npoTHB ):(OC-a!)
J1 jow je)J;Ho MHWJbelbe HeBna)J;HHor BojBo)J;e MHpKa
AM
KOjOj ce Hana3HO Ha3Bao je 'lJ,PKBOM'. ):(aKne, 0)J;6aQHOje MHWJbelba )J;BojHQe
O)J;IIIHMaHoBaQa: o)J;nYKaCa60pa, KaKO Ka)l(e, )J;enyje MY WOKaHTHO,H Malbe
HajBehHx caBpeMeHHX cpnCKHX yqHTeJba npaBOCnaBJba': J1BaHa BaWKOBHh
6H ce H3HeHa)J;HO)J;aje 3a CBeQanpornaweH
CBoj TeKCT 3aBpwaBa peqHMa: "OHH KojH cy CKnOHH )J;aH QPKBeHe O)J;nYKe
OTaQ JYCTHHTIonoBHh. "HHKO-
naj HHje HH CBeTaQ HH 3nOqHHaQ, Hero KOHTpOBep3Ha nHqHOcT. 3aTO OBOH
carne)J;aBajy y KOHTeKCTYWHpHX COQHjanHHx H nOnHTHqKHX npHnHKa, He
jecTe H3HeHat)elbe, jep, HanOKOH, y HKOHocTacy HMaMO je)J;Hor JbOTHheBQa
MOry npeBH)J;eTH)J;aBPX CTIlJ" Y BpeMe KaA ce Cp6Hja, MO)l()J;aO)J;nyqHHje HO
H aHTHceMHTY, WTO je )J;OKa3aHO",Ka)l(e 1)opt)eBHh. TIo)J;cehajyhH )J;aje jaw
HKa)J;y CBOjOj HCTOPHjH, oKpehe 3ana)J;y H lberOBHM Bpe)J;HOCTHMa,HajBHwe
1774. rO)J;HHe,nO)J;npHTHcKOM aycTpHjcKor )J;Bopa, H3 a36yqHHKa Cp6CKHX
nOqaCTH o)J;ajeje)J;HOMHspaSHTO aHTHeBpOnCKH opHjeHTHcaHOM Bna)J;HQH.
146
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KaKaB aManraM
MO)l(e HaCTaTH H3 crroja OBaKBHX ,1\pymTBeHHx
KBe ,1\YXOBHe Tpa,1\HQHje Maj
2003)
- TeUlKO je 3aMHCnHTH:'
qHTaBHM 6noKoM,
MOKaTonHK
MHpKO
"BpeMe"
rro,1\ HacnOBOM "CrropHo
BH,1\ MnaKap
HarrHcao
QHJbeBa H OBa-
cnOBO Y KaneH,1\apy':
je TeKCT "KaKo
rrOCTanl
KOMe je, OHonHKO KOJIHKO je 3Hao H YMeo, H3JIO)l(HO rrpHHQHrr Y pHMOKaTOJIHQH3MY
H "Heqer
CnHqHOr"
CMO Ca3HaJIH ,1\aje "CaMO Y jeAHoM BHjeTHaMcKHx 6poj
MyqeHHKa,
CBeTaQa CprrcKe
je CHMeoHa
rrarra
MHPOTOqHBOr
Y IlpaBOCJIaBHoj
U;pKBH
Morao
KperrOCTH" MHpKO
H "rrOCne,1\lber
Kojuje
Kora KO je rrpe,1\ )J;pyrH HH HHcrrHpaTOp
06jeKTHBHHje
rrOKpeTa,
3arOBapao
qHMe cy rrpeKpUleHa
,1\ace He H,1\e,1\OKaHOHCKHX rrpaBHna YCKnHKHYO
rrpeJIaMa
Y pa3nHqHTHM
lberOBOM
CaKpaJIH3aQHjoM"
,1\a ce "nHK
BH3ypaMa,
H
H
Haqena MOpaJIa,
rrocne
Y
yrroKojelba
Ha OXpH,1\y cy ce OBOM CMepHOM
vb EHrnecKe
0,1\ Ibera.
HHKonajeBor
IlpaBocnaBHoj
Ka, CrrOJbaUllba,
xpaMOBH
H AMepHKe
AHrnHKaHcKH
,1\aCJIyqajHo
U;PKBH, peKOCMO, KaHOHH3aQHja
,1\a ce CaqeKa ca
HacToje
rrO,1\Hrao xpaM IlOUlTO
ce rroUlTyjy
TeJbH cy ce rrpBO rrOUlTOBanH
nOKanHO
If rrOqeTKOM
XI BeKa, CBeTH CHMeoH
canH cy )l(HTHja
vb HCTopHje
CBeTHX YBenaBao,
jepeTHQH
U;pKBH
He qeKajynH
,1\HqKe rrpHpO,1\e, rra 6na)l(eHHK IlpaBocnaBHoj
MO)l(e ,1\a rrOCTaHe H Anoj3Hje
U;pKBH H3BOp rrpOCJIaBJbalba
y HapO,1\y BO)l(HjeM
t)yje a,1\MHHHCTpaTHBHOM CBeTJiX" HeKora HaUl
CBeQa. J.1 MHnOUla
errHCKorra
06HnHna
y XHnaH,1\apy),
3Bao CHJIHHM, cMaTpa jYHaKoM
focrro,1\-
ce He O,1\pe-
caMO "rrpH6paja
6naro,1\aTHY
rroMon
aJIH ra HHKa,1\ HHje ocenao Ha,1\jYHaQHMa
JIHKY
cy JOUl 3a )l(HBOTa
lberOBHX
MOJIHTaBa
3BanH
Kao
(qaK MY H
aJIH MY ce HHje MonHO 3a 3aCTyrrHHUlTBO
fOCrrO,1\OM. A Bna,1\HKY HHKonaja ocenanH
rrpHjaTeJbY
H ,1\eJIOM. CBeTaQ
Y
KojH
KO je Ben O,1\aBHO,1\O)l(HBJbeH Kao yrO,1\HHK BO)l(HjH Y Hapo,1\Y·
HapO,1\ je Qapa )J;ymaHa
CKa rrocTojH
06panalbe
MHUlJbY, peqjy
O,1\nYKOM: Ca60p
CTerrHHaQ,
CBeTHTeJha je )J;yx CBeTH,
6Y,1\H cPQa 3a MonHTBeHO
lbeM, jep My je oBaj rrocnY)l(Ho
jypH-
rrpe,1\
"CBeTH ,1\eKa': H
(y MaHacTHpy
HHKOJbY y
IlanaMe
CBOjy peti.
X
HnoTej, KOjH je
rrpa3HoBalbe
0,1\ Bora.
3a MHoreynoJ
QapcTBa.
OqHTO je ,1\aje
,1\orOBOpHo H y 6paTcKoj
BenUKe Ca60pe
HCTaKHYTe CBeTHM )l(HBOTOM, Koje BepHHl.\H rrocao
BH3aHTHjcKor
Ka)l(e ,1\aCBeUlTeHHQH ConYHa, HKOHY, caBpUlaBajy
HJIH
KpajeM
H JOBaH KCH
CBeTHMa BeJIHKOr fpHropHja
CJI03H, H3Hoce fpHropHjeBY
xpaMa
rrOUlTOBalbe.
rrope,1\aK 6HO BeOMa je,1\HOCTaBaH. IlaTpHjapx 06aBHo,
CBeQH. CBeTH-
(Ha HHBOY MaHaCTHpa,
MeTa
BaCH-
0,1\ IV H V
HOBHX xpaMoBa,
H na)l(HH
CBeTHX KOjH cy qeCTBOBaHHUlHpoM
rrpH6pajalba
Tej HCTHqe ,1\aje TaKBa rrpaKca
r,1\e je KaHoHH3aQHja
HHje CTBap jypH,1\Hq-
y qaCT rrperrO,1\06Hor
ce 6poj
a 3aTHM cy Y3,1\H3aHH 3a cBerrpaBocnaBHO
YCHyna H rrO,1\H)I(Y MY xpaM,
0,1\ pHMoKaTonHQH3Ma,
HHO-
Ben, rOBO-
rrO,1\BH)I(HHQH cy y paHHM ,1\aHH-
Hero cy 3a,1\OBOJbHH UlTO HM je 0 TOMe 06jaBJbeHO
3a pa3JIHKY
I)opI,I
,1\aHa,1\3Hpy H3rpa,1\1b y H rrocBenelbe
He 6H rrOqenH,1\a
BH3aHTHjcKH
Y llpaBOCJIaBHoj
cY,1\Ona3HnH
6HcKyrr
a MY
0 Bna,1\HKH, peKao je ,1\aje OH CBeTHTeJb
Hero CBeTO,1\YXOBCKa. HeKH
(TaKO je Qap MapKHjaH
rrpH6pajalbe
JOUl
(sid).
KaHOHH3an;Hja
,1\a ra BH,1\e H rroJby6e
3a qHTaB CBeT.
jaHa joUl ,1\OKje oBaj 6HO )l(HB).
HHKonaja
UlTO je ,1\oBOJbaH pa3nor
qHTaO MonH-
,1\0 3eMJbe, HaKO TO HHKO 0,1\ IbHX HHje Tpa)l(HO,
qHja je CMpT ry6HTaK
KOCTHn je, rrorrYT CBor HHcrrHBenHMHpOBHna
KnalbanH
PYKY, Kao ,1\a H,1\y y JepycanHM.
errapxHje),
6HO ,1\YXOBocenalba
CBeUlTeHHQH
JbY,1\H cy HUlnH rreUlKe, qaK 0,1\ CnaBoHHje,
BeKa errHCKorrH
3a CBeQa "He-
aHTHeBporrCKa
y AMepHQH
TaKBHX je qy,1\a 6HJIO KO 3Ha KOJIHKO,
Ma U;pKBe JOUl 3a )l(HBOTa CMaTpaHH CBeQHMa, H y IbJiXOBY qaCT cy rrO,1\H3aHH
KOjH je,
KpUlnaHCKJiX
rrpHXBaTHna
eJIeMeHTapHa
U;pKBe':
Kao
Mel)y 6na-
1)opl)eBHna
Ha,1\ KojOM je HHKonaj
Jby,1\H HCQenHno.
HHCY 3arrHcaHa).
qOBeKY BO)l(HjeM
BO)l(HjH
OTaQ H CYBepeH" ...
0,1\ MHpKa
anH MHora
penH
He,1\aBHO MY
cTyrralb
cyrrpyr,
qYBa ce MapaMHQa
TBY, H 0,1\Koje ce MHoro
cnaBHH ,1\aY3MY 6narocnoB
,1\a
KaHoHH3aQHje,
Qapa Kapna':
"jYHaqKH
YCTBp,1\HO ,1\aje CIlU;
JboTHneBor
1)opt)eBHna,
je r. MJIaKap
CBeTCKH paT BeJIHqaO A,1\oJI<pa XHTJIepa,
UlHpHO aHTHceMHTH3aM,
paTopa
rrpoQec
KpUlnaHHH,
HrraK je rrHcao
KOCTHna
TeKCTa
YKyrraH
CMO ,1\a6H BaTHKaH
aYCTpHjcKor
3a CBeTaqKe KaY3e rrpH3HaJIa
BH,1\ MJIaKap
3arra3Ho
KpaJb H rpo
jep je 6HO "rrpHMjepaH
Cn060,1\aHa
HeMalbe)':
~;
f
OBqapy
06HqHH
CToocaMHaeCT
3a rrOJIOBHHY rrpeMaUlHo
QPKBH. Ca3HanH
Met)y OCTaJIHM, 6HO H xpBaTcKH
vb lberOBor
.•
m-:',),
cBeTaQ", Y
QPKBe Y ocaM CTOJbena, 0,1\ KaHOHH3aQH-
HHje caCBHM YTaHaqeH
YBpCTHTH
je KOHrperaQHja
BojTHna
(CTe<paHa
UlTO je TO Y PHMOKaTOJIHqKoj )l(eHHKe
Y IlpaBOCJIaBJbY·
PH-
KaHOHH3aQHje
AaHY, Ka,1\aje KaHoHH3Hpao
rrpaBOCJIaBHe
(29.
ce ornacvmo
Ha ,1\aH lberOBor H orrUlTa
peUlelba,
IlaTpHjapx
rr060)l(He
HJIO-
JbY,1\eH )l(eHe,
HaKO U;pKBa joUl HHje
*
3BaHHqHO
peKna
* fOBopenu
0 CBeTOM HUKO,l\UMY AmopUTY, qyaeHoM 60rocnOBY ca CBeTe fope (XVIII
BeK), KOjU 3a )KUBOTaHuje qUHUO qY,l\a, anu je yaprnneH Y KaneH,l\ap l\enOKYIlHe I1paBocnaBHe l(pKBe, je,l\aH caBpeMeHU CBeTal\, JOBaHJaKOBX03eBUT (PyMYH), quje MornTU l\enoUMaHe nOqUBajy Y CBeToj 3eMibU,
Ka)Ke: "l1peno,l\06Hu
HUKO,l\UM AmopUT
Huje TBOPUO
3HaKe U qY,l\eca Y )KUBOTY,anu l\enu lberOB )KUBOTje 6uo UCTUHCKOqy,l\O, Kp03 nnO,l\OBe ,l\06pOTe KOjU cy ucnYHunu CBeT.lherOBa yqelba cy 03apuna xpurnnaHCKU HapO,l\ U YKpenuna cy I1paBocnaBHY l(PKBY Y HajTe)KUM BpeMeHUMa. 110 CBe,l\0qelbUMa CBeTUX OTal\a qOBeKOBaCBeTOCTce He npojaBibyje y qUlbelbY qy,l\eca Hero y BpnUHCKOM)KUBOTY.qY,l\eca cy BO)Kuje CTBapu U TBope ce Burne pa,l\U npOCBenelba HeBepHUKa U pa,l\U OKpenibelba cna6ux y Bepu, a BpnUHCKa ,l\ena jecy nnO,l\OBU no KojuMa ce npen03Hajy EBO rnTa Ka3yje CBeTu fpuropuje
BorocnoB y "CnOBY Ha norpe6elbY
CBeTUTeibU.
CBeTor Bacunuja
BenuKor": ,}IY,l\eca cy 3a HeBepHUKe, a He 3a OHe KOjU Bepyjy. 3Hal\U CBeTUXMY)KeBajecy
,~ t_."
148
°
CBeTOM HJfKOJIajy )KH'lKOM rOBope MHore 'lHlDeHHQe: ):IOBOlbHOje nperne):laTH KlDHry BJIa):lJfKeATaHacHja "CBeTH BJIa):lHKaOXpH):ICKHH :>KH'lKH
1)opl)eBHh, KojH TBp):lH ):Ia ce CBeTHTelbHMa JIaKHpajy MOllITH (KOMYHHCTJf
HHKOJIaj" Y Kojoj ce HaJIa3e K6eca CBHXCTpaHa npaBO-
cy 6HJIH 6ap BHcnpeHHjH Ka):l cy rOBOpHJIH 0 6aJICaMoBalDY CBeTHX,HaKO je H TO JIa:>K),OCeTH):Iaje HHKOJIaj CBeTaQ, na ):Ia 0 TOMe 06aBeCTH CBeTH Ap-
CJIaBHOr CBeTa, jOllI npe HO llITO je CBeTH 3BaHH'lHO yneT Y KaJIeH):Iap. Ha
xHjepejcKH Ca60p H CBOjy JIaTHHOMHCJIehyQeHTpaJIY? MJIH ):IaI,IejMc JIajoH
nO'leTKOM 2003, AH-
H3 Mel)YHapO):lHe KpH3He rpyne, cKyna ca COlDOM BHcepKo, 3aneBa Tponap
CHMnOCHOHY0 CBeTOM HHKOJIajy, O):lp:>KaHOM y)KH'lH
):Ipej llIecTaKoB H3 MocKBe je nOTBp):lHO):Iaje OHy PYCHjH OMHlbeH 60rOCJIOB,
CBeTOM HHKOJIajy )KH'lKOM? HallI ApxHjepejcKH
a ):IaH HajBehH nO):lBH:>KHHQH caBpeMeHe PycHje BOJIeH 'lHTajy CBeTor HHKO-
HHje HH nOMHllIlbao
JIaja )KH'lKOF. "OH je 3a CBe Hac CBETM BJIa):lHKa HHKOJIaj, H y TO HHKO He
CBeTJIO"na ):IaY'lHHH OHOllITO Bor 6JIarOCHlba.
CYMlDa",Ka:>KellIecTaKoB npe ca60pCKe KaHOHH3aQHje. Y npaBOCJIaBHoj AMeI
149
PHQH, BJIa):lHKHHIlpoJIor
Ha eHrneCKOM je):lHO je 0):1HajoMHlbeHHjHx llITHBa.
MOHaxHlDa Ha3apJfja, H3 MaHaCTHpa CBeTor IlajcHja
BeJIH'lKOBCKOr,pol)eHa
AMepHKaHKa, HanHCaJIa je BJIa):lHKH CTHXHpe y KojHMa ra npOCJIaBlba Kao HOBor "AnOCTOJIa H IlponoBe):lHHKa':
"xpa6por
paTHHKa Be'lHOCTH': "MJfJIOr
Ca60p, XBaJIa Bory, HHKa,lJ,
Ha TaKBe "MY):lpaQe': HHTH je 'leKaO lDHXOBO ,,3eJIeHO
HHKOJIaj je KOHTpOBep3Ha JIH'lHOCT, Ka:>KY1)opl)eBHh H CJIH'lHHlDeMY· HapaBHO! focno):l lDerOB, Mcyc XpHCTOC, jOllI je KOHTpOBep3HHja JIH'lHOCT, H TaKO je 0 lheMY, CnaCHTelbY CBHX KOjH TO :>KeJIe,npopOKOBao H CBeTH CHMeOH BoronpHMaQ, Y3eBllIH fa Kao o):loj'le Ha cBoje CTapa'lKe pYKe H peKaBllIH: "EBO ra oBaj JIe:>KH):Ia 060PH Jf nO,lJ,HfHe MHore y M3paHlbY, H ,lJ,a
OQa CHpO'la):lH H MCQeJIHTelbaHanaheHHx ):Iyma': HT):I.paHQYCKH60rOCJIOB
6Y):le 3HAK
)KaH KJIO):lJIapllIe, je):laH 0):1Haj60lbHx npaBOCJIaBHHX TeOJIOraHa caBpeMe-
npenOpe'lHH,
HOM3ana):ly, Ka:>Ke):la"KacHjaHa" HlDeH "CTOCJIOB0 lby6aBH" cTaBlbajy HHKOJIaja y pe):l OTaQa U;pKBe, nope):l CBeTor MaKCHMa MCnOBe):lHHKa(CBeTH To-
XpHCTY? TaJIMY):l fa je Ha3HBao "CHHOM 6JIY):lHHQe': KopaH npopoKoM MalDHM 0):1MyxaMe):la, OKYJITHCTHcy TBp):lHJIH ):Ia je Mamjy Y'lHO y MH):IHjH, a
BaH llIaHrajcKJf
BorocJIoBoM). Kao
KOMynHcTH ):IaHHje HH nocTojao. IlIKoJIa ,,6H6JIHjcKe KpHTHKe" je YCTBp):lHJIa
CBeQara nOllITyjy Jf y fp'lKOj. Kao CBeQara je nOllITOBao H je):laH 0):1HajBehHx
):Iacy anOCTOJIH"XaJIyQHHHpaJIH" lherOBO BacKpcelDe, a EpJiX
ra je Ha3HBao HOBHMCBeTHM fpHropHjeM
IlPOTMB
KOfA
liE
CE fOBOPMTM"
(JIK 2, 34). ,UaKJIe, 3HaK
3HaK cnopelDa, 3HaK KOHTpoBep3e. IlITa CBe HHCY npH'laJIH 0
PYMYHCKHX):IYXOBHHKaXX BeKa, CTapaQ KJIeona, KOjH je lDerOBY
):Iaje Mcyc ):IOllIao H3 JIeTeher TatbHpa ... M? IIITa C THM? ,Ua JIH je 360r Tora
Kaoy CBOjOj KeJIHjH... ,UaKJIe,npH6pajalDe
CBeTHXnJIO):lje CBeHapO):lHOrnOllITOBalDa HHKOJIaja Kao yrO):lHHKa BO:>KHjer
XpHCTOC MalDe Bor HJIH MalDe qOBeK? Beh CMO peKJIH: aKO cy,UoMahHHa Ha3HBaJIH ):IeMOHOM(XpHCTa), 3ap Hehe YKyhaHe lherOBe - ):IaKJIe,CBeQeno-
He caMO Mel)y Cp6HMa, Hero H y 'lHTaBOM npaBOCJIaBHOM CBeTY.(O):laBHO je
nYT HHKOJIaja? HHKOJIaj je "KOHTpOBep3aH" caMO OHHMa KojH He MOry HJIH
BJIa):lHKeHHKOJIaja JIHKY
y MaHaCTHpy y EceKCY, r):le ce nO):lBH3aBao CTapaQ C0
Hehe ):Iayl)y y ):Iy6HHY l'erOBe 60rO:>Ke):lHe):Iyme. HapaBHO, TO He 3Ha'lH ):Ia0
HKOHa cycpeTa CBeTOr HHKOJIaja )KH'lKOr H CBeTor CHJIyaHa ATOHCKor; 0
HHKOJIajy He Tpe6a pacnpaBlbaTH; Tpe6a, aJIH MY):lPO,O):lMepeHO,036HlbHO,
):IpyrHM MeCTHMa ):Ia H He rOBopHMO.) OH je "npe):lMeT cnopelDa" caMO Mel)y
apryMeHTOBaHO. a He 6aQalDeM npallIHHe y O'IH. Tep, 6e3rpellIaH
3JIOHaMepHHM HHOCJIaBHHMa(He CBHM HHOCJIaBHHMa,HapaBHO, jep cy ra H
je caMO Bor, a HHKOJIaj je 6HO 'lOBeK.
MHom 0):1lDHX CMaTpaJIH 3a CBeQa) H Cp6CKHM "aKTHBHHM rpal)aHHMa"
0
KojHMa je pe'l y OBOj KlDH3H. ,Ua HHje Tpe6aJIo MO:>K):Ia Ca'leKaTH ):Ia MHpKO lbHXOB )I(HBOT no Eory
H lbHXOBO CBeTO cTalbe:'
Ha je H3HaA '1YAeca." J1CTO OH nHllIe '1HCT )I(HBOT, '1aK aKO H He TBope 3a JOBaHa, HajBehera
3HaMelba,
0A CBHX pol)eHHx
lba" / ••./ CBeTH JOBaH KpCTHTeJb
HHKOAHM
KpCTHO MHJIHOHe AYllia he BOlllTaHHl.\e
aJIH je HajBehe AHJIa Aa HanHllIe
Ka3yje:
'1aK aKO H He H3rOHe 3JIe AYXOBe, Kao llITO ce Aa je TBOpHO 3HaMe-
CBeTa Y BOAaMa JOPAaHa. J1CTO TaKO HH
HHje TBOpHO '1YAeca, aJIH lberOB )I(HBOT je 6HO aHl)eocKH,
je cBojHM
"BpJIH-
CBeTJIOllihy
CBora yqelba.lherOBe
KlbHre
H OH je
cy Kao ropy-
xpHllIhaHcTBo:' AeJIOM HajBehe
0 ,,):IeKaHOHH3aQHjH" Cp6CKHX CBeTaQaKOjy nOMHlDe 1)opl)eBHh,
a Koja ce 36HJIa 3a BpeMe MapHje Tepe3Hje, jecTe JIa:>K.MapHja Tepe3Hja HHje ):IeKaHOHH30BaJIaCBeTe, HHTH je TO Y'lHHHJIa Cp6cKa U;pKBa, Hero je "npocBeheHa anCOJIYTJfCTKHtba" Hape):lHJIa H pHMOKaTOJIHQHMaH npaBOCJIaBHH-
cy OHH KOjH HMajy npaBY Bepy H
HHje '1HHHO '1YAeca y )I(HBOTY, aJIH je )I(HBeO Kao aHl)eJIH
CBelliTeHOM
Koje 06acjaBajy
BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj
CBeTH JOBaH 3JIaToycT
0A )I(eHe, HHrAe He nOMHlbe
Ha 3eMJbH H YAOCTOjHO ce Aa KpCTH CnaCHTeJba npenOA06HH
A
HOBO: "CBeTHTeJbH
IlpJf'la
H caBpllIeH
'1YAo. OH je '1HHHO H '1HHH H Apyra
'1YAO - '1YAO Jby6aBH EO)l(Hje Koja ra je npOCBeTJIHJIa 6eceAe H nOYKe KojHMa he ce npaBOCJIaBHH
xpaHHTH
'1YAa,
H AYXOM CBeTHM
BO-
AOK je CBeTa H BeKa.
Ma ):Ia CMalDe 6poj "QPBeHHX CJIOBa" H Hepa):lIfHX ):IaHa, H3 'lHCTO eKOHOMCKHX pa3JIora, a nO):l YTHQajeM
1)opl)eBHheBO
XBaTalDe 3a AyCTpO- YrapCKY nJIO):lje lDerOBHX ):Iy60KHX CHMnaTHja npeMa "QPHO-:>KYTOj MOHapxHjH", HCKa3aHHX y TeKCTY ",Ua JIH je 6HJIO KOpHCHO paCnap'laBalDe AYCTpHje / CnOlbtba CTpaHa HOCTaJIfHje" (",UaHac': 4-5. MapT 2000). Y TOMCBOMorne):ly, 1)opl)eBHh, KOjH je cBojeBpeMeHO HMao pa3YMeBalDa H 3a CTenHHQa, HMa pa3YMeBalDa H 3a xa636ypllIKY
"TaMHHQY HapO):la".
M3Mel)y OCTaJIor, BeJIH: "ApXHTeKTH MO):lepHeEpone Tpa:>Ke'MO):leJI',OH HHje
150
, "." •....
HeKa.n;aIlllbH
aYCTpHjCKH,
H4Jl.\HOHaJIHOr npHHQHna. TY HeCYMlbHBY
jOlli
BHIlle
KaHCKH 'CYBepeHHTeTH' H Y3ajaMHor
too.! HHje
Kpaj
CBHX MaHa, CTapa je MOHapxHja
BpJIHHY. AKO ce .n;aHac KJIaCHqHH
.n;OBO.n;HY nHTalbe,
Mp)l(lbe
aJIH Ha.n;e HMa aKO ce OH 6y.n;e Tpa)l(HO Y cMepy
HapaBHO,
HHja HOCTaJIrHja
KOjH ce rno)l(e
HerHpalba,
H oncTajy
CaBeTY
EBpone,
MajKY
- QapHQY
.n;o lbeHor
)l(aBHH
y TY)l(Hoj
und
"K
"llIapeHa
)l(ypHaJIHCTHKa,
y.n;aHaompaTHo
je .n;a 1)opl)eBHh
6HpoKpaTHja,
HHKOJIaj
K" MOHapxHjH
rOBopHO
qHP o.n; JIa)l(H. lheHa
xpHIllhaHCTBa,
MOHapxHjy,
Kao "nYIllaqa"
Qeo .n;p-
a MO)l(.n;a H3BeCHO BpeMe H Kao enHCKon.
HOCTH. ,UYBaH je CMaTpaH 3a HelliTO nonYT
npenopyqyje
J1rHaTHja
EpjaHqaHHHOBa
OMeTajy
He 0 lberoBoj
6ypMYT
caBpeMeHoM
.n;a nYlliH. nyrnelba,
OH BeJIH .n;ay lbHX He Tpe6a
IllTeT-
.n;a TO He qHHe y xpaMY
Y lberoBoj
OCTaBIllTHHH
a y npaBHJIHMa
npHMaTH
Be-
MOHaIllTBY':
(.n;aKJIe, OBO ce HHje CMaTpaJIO rpeXOM).
BJIa.n;HKa npecTaje
qJIaHQH H3 HOBHHa 0 IllTeTHOCTH MaHaCTHpe
Y TO BpeMe, 0
Ka¢e. Y .n;eJIYPYCKor CBeQa XIX
",UonpHHoc
ce MOHaCHMa KOjH IllMpqy
6YKY H.n;pyre
je, MeI)YTHM,
peqeHO,
THqe, BJIa.n;HKa HHKOJIaj jeCTe nYlliHo
.n;YBaHY ce HHje 3HaJIO OHO IllTO ce 3Ha ca.n;a, a norOTOBO
Ka, CBeTor
Haj6JIa)l(e
HaQHCTHqKO rnynaQHMa. raBpHJIa
jep
H BJIa.n;HKY HHKOJIaja
Kao 60PQe 3a EBpony
nJIYTOKpaTHje
EHmeCKe
JIYQHjy. Y Cp6HjH cnpeMHO cp6CKor
naTpHjapxa
TH Cp6e
npOTHB
y pYllielbY
.n;aH H HeOMeTaH ce raBpHJIO Tpe6H
OTnop,
CTABlbEHJ1
CY IIO,U
Tpe6aJIo
je Ka3HHTH 3a yqeIllhe nyqHcTHMa.
HEMAqKY
CTPA)KY
J1 OHH cy ,UO KPAJA
pa.n;. Y MeI)YBpeMeHY,
3a CJI060-
nOKYlliaBaJIO
ce .n;a
npHBOJIe Ha capa.n;lbY, H.n;a ce lbHXOB yrJIe.n; (3JIo)yno-
nOBOJbHOM, npaBQY.
paJIH QPKBe Koje cy JIelbHH
COBjeTcKor
CaBe3a Koje cy OCBOjHJIH, OTBa-
H CTaJbHH 3aTBOpHJIH,
Ma CJIY)l(HJIO CJIY)l(6y. THMe cy ce npe.n;CTaBHJIH
CTerHYT
Cp6HMa
HJIH MyqHTH
3Ha~IJ1JIO 6H 3aYBeK pa3japH-
H y no.n;pIllQH
apXHnaCTHpCKH
H HHKOJIaj
OKO UpKBe
a CBeIllTeHCTBO
Kao 60PQH
je y lbH-
3a xpHIllhaHCKe
OCTaJIOr, HaBeJIO H CTaJbHHa .n;arB03.n;eHH 06pyq
MaJIO OJIa6aBH,
CBeIllTeHHKa
H3 JIoropa.
H .n;a nOqHe
ca OTBapalbeM
OHO IllTO cy HeMQH
6MJIO je MCTO: MH CMO xpHIllhaHM,
6eHHQM, y Cp6Mjy
CTaHOBHHIllTBO,
o.n; CBHX CBOjHX .n;y)l(HOCTH H 6e3 MoryhHOCTH
Bpe.n;HOCTH, IllTO je, H3Mel)y
2003.
pacnOJIO)l(eHO
enHCKona
H HHKOJIaja
HeMQH cy, Ha TepHTopHjaMa
BpahalbeM
COBjeTcKor
KOjH ce YCKOPO H jaBHO. Y6HTH
ce6e. raBpHJIa
y, 3a HeMQe
60JbIlleBH3Ma
H OCTaJIHM Hapo.n;HMa .n;OHece CJI060.n;y
H HajyrJIe.n;HHjer
o.n;CTpalbeHH
lbHXOB QHJb je 6HO .n;a ce6e
H .n;acBy.n;a r.n;e .n;ol)y cnpOBo.n;e HaQHOHaJIHY peBO-
BJIa.n;e UBeTKOBHh-MaqeK
6HJIH Ka)l(lbeHH:
Kao IllTO
6eca". Y Cp6H-
KYJITYPY npOTHB jy.n;eOMaCOHCKe
cy 3aTeKJIH HenpHjaTeJbCKH
Ha opY)l(aHH
"TeBTOHCKor
H BapBapCKor
OHH cy TBp.n;HJIH.n;a Cp6HMa
o.n;.n;OTa.n;aIlllber ponCTBa,
aJIH HHje peq 0
OHH naTpHjapxa
HH npeMJIahHBaJIH
npOCTOpHMa,
H eBponCKY
H AMepHKe
KaCHH-
KOjH nyrne.
HHCY HH y6HJIH,
aHOHHMHHX )l(pTaBa
jH, Kao H Ha .n;pyrHM oKynHpaHHM npHKa)l(Y
jecTe 6HJIO 3JIOqHHaqKO,
cy 6HJIH 3JIH, aJIH HHCY 6HJIH mynH.
nocToje
3a 6y.n;yhe cp6cKe
HCKYIlleHHKe
JIB je TO CBeTOCT?
BOI)CTBO HeMaqKe
HaQHCTH
cy TO qHHHJIH ca MHOlliTBOM
PATA,
A IllTO ce HHKOJIaja Kao MJIa.n;jepoMoHax,
Xa636YPIllKY
,1J;a
CaBe3a. He
CHCTeM, CBe JIa)l(, JIa)l(. OHa je JIa)l( H OTaQ CBHjy JIa)l(H Koje cy ce y
EBponH qYJIe 0 HaMa:' HHje BOJIeo.
npaBe
cJI060.n;e.
je CBa cnOJna Kao BaIllapCKa
HO r.n;e je ro.n; npCTOM .n;OXBaTHTe, TY npOBaJIH lbeHa
nOBOpl.\H
.n;OMa. JacHo
MO)l(e BOJIeTH qOBeKa KOjH je 0 lbeMY .n;paroj
.n;HnJIOMaTHja,
Me.n;HjeBaJIHe
rpal)aHcKe
je.n;Hor OTa Xa636ypra
1989.
BeqHOr
Y CBOjOj 6ece.n;H "AYCTpHja-MaCKa": IllaTpa,
Y aTMoc¢epH
MaJIH 6aJI-
HeKH rOTOB 'Mo.n;eJI', aJIH H CBe npHCYT-
KOjH je ro.n;HHe
3HTY
CYBepeHHTeTa
.n;aje HMaJIa Bpe.n;HOCTH Koje ce MOry Ha.n;rpal)HBaTH
A TO cy Beh H.n;eje, peQHMO,
IlllbeM
npHHQHn
151
noce.n;OBaJIa
.n;a ce .n;OBe.n;yY nHTalbe
6e3 HKaKBHX npOCTopa
CTapa MOHapxHja
rOBopH
H .n;orpaI)HBaTH:'
je pa3JIOr
Ha.n;-
;
xpaMOBa
H
XTeJIH .n;a nOKa)l(y
a KOMYHHCTH, CTaJbMHOBH CJIe.n;-
he .n;OHeTH aTeHCTMqKO ponCTBO.
AJIM, raBpMJIO M HMKOJIaj ce HHCY KOJIe6aJIM. OHO IllTO cy OHM npe)l(HBeJIM, hM, HMje MyqEHJ111ITBO, BE,UHJ111ITBO,
y TepMHHOJIOlliKH
Kao npOJIMBalbe
CTpa.n;albe 3a XpMCTa
Ka)l(e 0 McnoBe.n;HHQMMa
Koje He 3aBpIllaBa
y TeKcTY MHTpOnOJIHTa
npe.n;ce.n;HMKa KOMMcMje 3a KaHoHH3aQMjy je; TO cy "Jby.n;M KOjH cy 3a XpMCTa YTAMHJ1QElhE
J1 IIPOrOHCTBO,
npeTpneJIH
313.
paCKOJIHHQH
ro.n;MHe) MCBeTH y n03HHja
PycKe UpKBe,
Myqelba
(peQMMO,
JYBeHaJIMja,
H CTpa.n;alba
MyqMJIH (npe
CB. MaKCMM
J1CIIO-
EBO IllTa ce
naTpMjapIllM-
aJIH KOjH HHCY MyqeHMqKM
Koje cy 3a IIpaBOCJIaBJbe
BpeMeHa
Hero
CMphy.
CBeTHX MOcKoBcKe
JIM. OB.n;e YJIa3e CBH HcnOBe.n;HMQH, Koje cy naraHH e.n;MKTa
YCKOM CMMCJIY rOBope-
KPBM 3a XpMCTa,
MJIM
nOCTpa.n;aMMJIaHCKOr
rOHHJIH jepeTMQH
H
J1cnOBe.n;HMK, KOjM
153
152
ill i
je YMPO 622. rO~V1He):' Y peqHHKY Hallier je3HKa, Y H3AalhY MaTHQe cpncKe
7. BpnHHcKH, npaBeAHH H CBeTH)KHBOT,KOjH HHje YBeK nOTBpljeH qYAO-
1969. rOAHHe, nOA "MyqeHHK" nHIlIe OBO: "OHaj KOjH ce MyqH, KojH MHoro
TBOpCTBOM(TaKO cy npOCnaBJbaHH 6naroBepHH KHe)KeBH H KHerHlhe H HeKH
TpnH H naTH (36or 60neCTH, HeMaIlITHHe, CBojHX HnH onUITeHapOAHHX HAea-
npenoA06HH).
na H cn.), naTHHK I...!; 2. oHaj KOjH je MyqeH H y6HjeH 360r Bepe; KOjH yonIlITe )KHBOT nOnO)KH 3a BHCOKeHAeane:' A rnaron "MyqHTH" 3HaqH: ,,3aAaBaTH,
lliTOBalhe HCTor y HapoAY, JOIlI H 3a )KHBOTa. Ilo CMpTH nOABH)KHHKa, XpH-
npHqHlhaBaTH MYKY (TenecHY HnH AyrneBHY); npHCHJbaBaTH Ha Hanop, TeIlIKone, TpYAHTH; AocaljHBaTH, Y3HeMHpaBaTH':
I...!
8. HepeTKo je CBeAOqaHCTBO0 CBeTOCTHnOABH)KHHKa 6Hno BenHKO noIlInaHH KojH cy ra nOIlITOBanH CaCTaBJbanHcy MY cnY)K6y, Tponap H KOHAaK, cnHKanH HKOHY H nHcanH )KHTHje. Y OCHOBHTaKBor nOIlITOBalha TaKolje je H3BeCHa HaTnpHpOAHa nOMon OA nOKojHor nOABH)KHHKa, na HnaK, y OACY-
,UaKne, QPKBeHoM TepMHHonomjoM rOBopenH, CBeTH HHKonaj )KHqKH je J1CIlOBE,UHJ1K Bepe, jep je 360r IlPABOCJIABHOr CXBATAIbA
CTBY3anHca 0 TaKBHM qYAHMa, U;pKBa je Morna Aa KaHoHH3yje nOABH)KHHKa
Ap)KaBe H HapoAa, cn060Ae JbYAcKe H oTaI,I6HHCKe, 6HO YTaMHHqeH OA HA-
Ha OCHOBYBenHKor HapOAHor nOIlITOBalha:'
U;J1CTWIKJ1X
IlArAHA.
llITO ce ceMaHTHKe peqH "MyqeHHK" Y Cp6CKOM
je3HKY THqe, OHje H MYQEHJ1K H onIlITeHapoAHHx pe. IlpeTpneo
- jep ce MHoro MyqHO H namo,
je MyqeHHIlITBo jep cy MY HeMQH 3aAaBanH MYKe, npe CBera
AyrneBHe, y6HjajynH
cy ra AocaljyjynH
Hero H Apyre nOMeCHe U;pKBe) BepOBana je y lherOBO cnY)Kelhe nponOBeAH EBaHljeJba, 3Hana 3a HcnOBeAHHIlITBO npeA HaQHCTHMa,qYAa yqHlheHa lheroBHM MonHTBaMa (HeKa OA lhHX 3anHcaHa - peQHMO, y KlhH3H "Be3 Bora HH
H yqeIlIne Y )KHBOTY U;pKBe.
npeKo npara" (BeorpaA, 2005), a HeKa He3anHcaHa), 3a Y3BHIlIeHocT lherOBe enHCKonCKe cnY)K6e (HajoMHJbeHHjH Cp6CKH BnaAHKa 20. BeKa), BenHKe 3a-
MY CBOjHM npeAn03HMa 3a capaAlhY H npHCHJba-
cnyre 3a U;PKBY H HapoA ("HOBH 3naToycT': "Tpena cp6cKa apMHja" y IlpBOM
lherOB HapOA H OAY3HMajynJ1 MY "paBO Ha cn060AY H
ynpaBJbalhe enapxHjoM, peAoBHa 60rocnY)Kelha MyqHnH
360r CBOjUX
HAeana, 6HO MyqeH (3nOCTaBJbaH- YTaMHHqeH) 360r Be-
CBe OBe KpHTepHjYMe HHKonaj je HcnYHHO: U;pKBa (He caMO Cp6CKa,
BajynH ra Ha Hanope KojH HHCY 6HnH y CKnaAY ca CTalheM lherOBor 3ApaBJba (H3HOIlIelhe KH6ne y ,Uaxay, nOIlIa HcxpaHa, HTA.).
CBeTCKOMpaTY), npaBeAHH )KHBOT, Kao H orpoMHo
J1 Aa Ka)KeMOJOIlI HeIlITO 0 KpHTepHjYMHMa 3a KaHOHH3aQHjy y IlpaBOcnaBHoj U;pKBH. MHtpononHT JYBeHanHje BenH:
caHAPOBaqKoj, y xpaMY nOAHrHYToM HenocpeAHo
(jOIlI 3a )KHBOTa cy ra CTaBJbanH Ha
HapoAHo nOIlITOBalhe
ceny PaTajy
y )KynH aneK-
nocne ,Upyror
CBeTCKor
paTa).
"KaHOHH3aQHjy je QPKBeHa CBeCTYBeK A0)KHBJbaBana Kao npojaBY CBeTOCTHBO)Kje y U;PKBH, Koja Aenyje Kp03 06narOAaneHe nOABH)KHHqKe n060)KHOCTH. 3aTO je y CBa BpeMeHa ycnoB npOCnaBJbalha CBeTHX 6Hna npojaBa HCTHHCKeOCBeIlITaHOCTH,CBeTOCTHnpaBeAHHKa. CBeAOqaHCTBa 0 TaKBoj CBeTOCTHMorna cy 6HTH:
IlpaBocnaBHe
U;pKBe. OBO npe CBera 3HaqH Aa je HMao 3naTHa YCTa 6eceAHHKa H npono-
cy Bory yroAHnH H nocnY)KHnH AonaCKY Ha 3eMJbY CHHa BO)Kjer H npono-
BeAHHKa peqH BO)Kje, Aa je 6HO HenpeBa3HljeH y TYMaqelhY KlhHre )KHBoTa.
BeAH CBeTor EBaHljeJba (TaKO cy npOCnaBJbaHH npaOQH, OQH, npopOQH H
AnH, KaKO peKoIlIe JIaTHHH, nomen est omen. J13Meljy JOBaHa H HHKonaja
ano,CTonH).
HMa JOIlI MHoro CnHqHOCTH,OA KOjHX neMO nOMeHYTH Hel<e.
2. MyqeHHqKa CMpT 3a XpHcTa HnH cTpaAalha 3a Bepy XpHCTOBY. 3. QYAa, yqHlheHa CBeTHM no lherOBHM MonHTBaMa HnH Koia cy OA lherOBHX qaCHHX OCTaTaKa- MOIlITHjy (npenoA06HH,
THXOBaTeJbH,CTonnHHQH,
MyqeHHQH - cTpacToTpnQH, jypOAHBH).
4. BHCOKOQPKBeHo naTpHjapaIlIKo H enHCKonCKOcn~elhe.
I
CBeTH JOBaH 3JIaTOYCTH
CBeTH HHKonaj )KHqKH Ha3BaH je "HOBHM 3naToycToM"
1. Bepa U;pKBe y CBeTOCTnpOCnaBJbeHHX nOABH)KHHKa, Kao JbYAH,KOjH
illl
CBeTH HHKOJIaj )I{H'IKHH
060jHQa
(TaKo CHMe-
6. BenHKe 3acnyre npeA U;pKBOM H HapOAOM BO)KjHM (KaHOHH3aQHja QapeBa, KHe)KeBa H paBHoanOCTonHHX).
cy H3yqHna CBeTOBHYMYAPOCTy Haj-
Benoj MOITnoj MepH, anH oCTajynH BepHH MYAPOCTHranHnejcKHx 060jHQa
OH ConYHcKH BenH Aa cy ce y BenHKOM xpaMY AnocTona OAApeBHHx BpeMeHa apxHjepejH caxpalhHBanH y onTapy, 360r "BJIArO,UATJ1 BO)KAHCKOr CBEllITEHCTBK)
cy 6HnH H3 yrneAHJ1X nopOAHQa, H 060jHQa cy HMana Ay60KO
nOIlITOBalhe npeMa MajQH. 060jHQa
pH6apa.
cy H36eraBana PYKonOnO)Kelhe, anH cy ra, no nOTpe6H U;pKBe,
npHXBaTHnH. 060jHQa
cy 6Hna OMHJbeHH y HapOAY, KOjH je y lhHMa BHAeo
AocTojHe XpHCTOBe cnyre. 060jHQa HHQH CHpOTHlhe. 060jHQa
cy 6HnH MHnocpAHH H npaBH 3acTyn-
cy 6HnH cnpeMHH Aa ce cynpoTcTaBe
BnaCTHMa
KaA BHAe Aa BnaCTH KpIlIe xpHIlInaHCKa Haqena. 060jHQa CY)KHBenH nOABH)KHHqKH, HaKO Ha enHCKonCKOM npecTony; HHCY "paIlIHpHnH QpeBa Kao CTOKa" (TeOAocHje), H H36eraBanH cy CBaKH BHA paCKOIlIH H pa3He)KeHOCTH.
154 06ojnn;a
cy, 6paHehn cBoja YBepelba, 6HnH CnpeMHH Ha CTpa):\albe. 060jH-
n;a cy npOTepaHH ca CBOjHXenHCKOnCKHX npeCTOna, H 060jHqa
cY YMpna Y
H3rHaHCTBY· Ha Kpajy, 060jHqa cY ce, MOlliTHMa, ca CnaBOM BpaTHnH Met)y cBoje, nocTajyhH BaCeneHCKHyqHTeJbH H CBeTnocHHqH. (J1Ma jOlil napanena;
l\: ... !,., •.. r~"",-"
J
[~
155
KpajeBHMa, jep cy cpYIllHnH TY oMpa)l(eHY Kyny 3BaHY JyrocnaBHja. )l(HBH TIornaBHHK):\p AHTe TIaBenHh!"
( ...) ,[(a
PHMCKH nana TIHO XII nocnao je O):\MaxCBor neraTa PaMHpa MapKoHea, KojH he MY 6HTH nOBepeHHK 3a O):\Hoce ca TIaBenHheBHM pe)l(HMOM. J1CTH
qaK cy HM H HenpHjaTeJbH HCTH - JOBaH 3naTOYCTH ce, 360r CBOjHX 6ece):\a
Taj nana nOCTaBHOje Ha):\6HcKyna CTenHHqa 3a BojHor BHKapa "sine titulo"
npOTHB jy):\aH3Ma, CMaTpa "oCHHBaqeM aHTHCeMHTH3Ma" KaO IllTO je H HH-
3a xpBaTcKY BOjCKY.XpBaTcKa BojcKa cy 6HnH ):\oM06paHH (perynapHe je):\H-
Konaj - aHTHCeMHTa. MHCTHqKa CpO):\HOCTHM je, Met)YTHM, ):\y6Jba 0):\ OBe, ,,):\HeBHo-nOnHTHqKe": 060jHqa cy 6HnH BenHKH MonHTBeHHqH, H CaCTaBJba-
HHqe) H YCTalile (y):\apHa necHHqa pe)l(HMa). J1 je):\HHMa H ):\pyrHMa ):\YXOBHH oTaq je 6HO CTenHHaq.
qH MonHTaBa - 3naToycT JIHTypmje H ):\pyrHX MonHTBOCnOBJba,a HHKonaj ):\HBHHXcnY)l(6H, aKaTHCTa H KaHOHa.)
jOlil je):\aHaecT CBeIllTeHHX nHqa PHMoKaTOnHqKe qpKBe. CTenHHaq je TOM
CBeTH JOBaHe3naToycTH H CBeTH HHKonaje, HOBH3naTOycTH, MonHTe Bora3a Hac!
J1cTe, 1942. rO):\HHe, CTenHHaq je Ylllao y XpBaTcKH ca60p 3aje):\Ho ca npHnHKOM, npe HO IllTO je TIaBenHh KPOqHO y MapKOBY qpKBY y 3arpe6y, o):\p)l(ao n03):\paBHH rOBOp. Kao IllTO y CBOjOjCTY):\HjH3ana)l(a t)aKOH MHnopa):\ JIa3Hh: "TIcHxonolliKH
H MopanHO, A. CTenHHaq je npHCTao Ha nYHY
capa):\IbY ca YCTalliKOM H,[(X THMe IllTO ce YKJbyqHOy
A pHMOKaTOJlJPIKH "cBeTal(
CTenHHau;?
Type pe)l(HMa - BOjCKY,Kao BHKap, H XpBaTCKH ca60p, Kao lberOB qnaH" (M. JIa3Hh, "KpCTalliKH paT H,[(X': C<paHpoc, Beorpa):\ 1991).
YHOllielbe y pHMOKaTOnHqKH KaneH):\ap, y jeceH 1998, Kap):\HHana Anoj3Hja CTenHHqa (,,6eaTH
CBH cy cne):\HnH npHMep Ha):\6HcKyna. XpBaTcKH je3YHTH, y CBOM"fnaCHHKY Cpqa J1cycoBa': nHcanH cy ):\a cy ce OKOnornaBHHKa "oKynHnH
Haj-
60JbH CHHOBHxpBaTcKor Hapo):\a". Bpoj 3 H3 1942. rO):\HHe, nOBO):\OM):\aHa
):\a, 6Hna je nno):\ )l(eJbe pHMcKor nane ):\a ce O):\Y)l(HcBOjHM BepHHM XpBaTHMa, BeKOBHOM "npe):\3Ht)y KpIllhaHcTBa" npe):\ "BH3aHTOM" H HCTOqHHM
KpYHHcalba nane, ):\aoje cnHKY XpBaTcKe Kao ",[(p)l(aBe BO)l(je': Koja nocTOjH
"IllH3MaTHqHMa': TOjecT npaBocnaBHHMa. TIana J1BaH TIaBao ,[(pyrH, ynpKOC
KpHCT Ha 3eMJbH! PHM je HaMa BjeqHH rpa):\! TIHO XII je 3a Hac KojH BjepyjeMo
nOMHpJbHBOM H eKYMeHHCTHqKOMpeqHHKY, HHje 6HO HHMano MalbH Mp3H-
HocHnaq CBHjy BO)l(HjHX npaBa, )l(HBH rocno):\ap BjeqHOra KpaJbeBCTBa:'
TeJbnpaBocnaBHor J1cToKa 0):\ 6Hno Kor CBor npeTxo):\HHKa. To je nana KOjH je oTBopeHo Tpa)l(HO 60M6ap):\oBalbe Cp6a y BOCHH H XepqeroBHHH 1995.
nHTBeHHK "XpBaTCKH BOjHHK': y KOMece Hana3H OBaKBaMonHTBa 3a nornaB-
rO):\HHe ("TIoHeKa):\ je nOTpe6Ho 06jaBHTH paT paTY': peKao je Ta):\a). Ko je 6HO Anoj3Hje
CTenHHaq, ):\OBOJbHOje n03HaTO. JOlil npe ,[(pyror
ca nanHHHM 6narocnoBoM.
TeKcT ce 3aBplilaBa KnHqalbeM: "TIana je HaMa
Y
CBeTCKor paTa y CBoj ):\HeBHHKje 3anHcao peqH HenpHjaTeJbCTBa npeMa Cp6HMa. Ka):\a je EH):\exa3Hja noqena ):\a nocTojH, OH jy je O):\Max n03):\paBHO Ha):\6HcKynCKOM OKPY)l(HHqOM, y KOjOj je HCTaKao ):\ace pHMOKaTOnHqKH na-
y KojeM ):\a ce Te6e YBHjeK 60jH. Te6H, Ba3):\a yrO):\HTH HacTojH. TIo KpHCTY
cmpH y XpBaTcKoj npH):\pY)l(yjy "HapO):\HOMBeCeJbYH 3aHOCY': "nYHH ):\y60-
THqe OHa 0 06aBe3Hoj nocnYlllHOCTH cBaKoj Hape):\6H npeTnOCTaBJbeHHX. Y
focnO):\HHY HallieMY. AMeH:' Ty je 6Hna H MonHTBa 3a YCTalile nocne ):\aBalba "npHcere"
(3aKneTBe), a MonHTBeHHK je ca):\p)l(aBaO nOYKe 0):\ KOjHX ce HC-
Kor raHyha H Tonne 3aXBanHOCTH BO)l(HjeM BenHqaHCTBY:' Ta):\a je H3jaBHO:
KpaTKOM nperne):\y "KpIllhaHcKor"
"TI03HajyhH
je (Kao xpBaTCKa!) H3peKa: ,,3a KpCT qaCHH H cn060):\y 3naTHY!" (HaKO XpBa-
MY)l(eBe KojH ):\aHac ynpaBJbajy cy):\6HHOM xpBaTCKora Hapo):\a,
CMHcna xpBaTCKe "noBHjecTH"
HaBe):\eHa
MH CMO):\y60KO YBjepeHH ):\a he Halil pa):\ HaHhH Ha nYHo pa3YMHjeBalbe H
TH Ka)l(y "KPH)I("), a Met)y jYHaqHMa je HCTaKHYTJype
nOMoh:' CBHM CBeIllTeHHqHMa je Hape):\Ho ):\acnY)l(e "Te Deum': cnY)l(6y 3a-
3nornaCHe, qy):\OBHIllHe "U;pHe nerHje".
XBanHOCTH Bory 360r ycnoCTaBJbalba EH):\exa3Hje. KpH)I(apCKa 6paTcTBa cy
JOlil 1934. CTenHHaq je y CBOM):\HeBHHKY3anHcao: ",[(a je Beha cn060):\a
6Hna pe):\OBH HapOqHTO aKTHBHHX pHMoKaTOnHqKHX BepHHKa, KOjH cy H y KpaJbeBHHH JyrocnaBHjH ):\enOBanHca CTenHHqeBHM 6narocnoBoM. Y IbHXO-
H ):\OBOJbHOpa):\HHKa (BehHHa) - Cp6Hja 6H 6Hna 3a 20 rO):\HHa KaTOnHqKa:' )l(eJba ):\a ce Cp6H nOKaTOnHqe oCTBapHna ce Ka):\ je OCHOBaHa TIaBenHhe-
BOM nHcTY "He):\jeJba': 27. anpHna 1941. nHcano je: "BojcKa A):\on<pa XHTne-
Ba ):\p)l(aBa. Ta):\a je nanHHa "CBeTa KOHrperaqHja
pa, Bot)e lbeMaqKOr Hapo):\a, 6Hna je HajcBeqaHHje ):\OqeKaHa y xpBaTcKHM
nHHqy nocnana ynYTcTBo 0 npeBot)elbY
3a J1cTOqHY U;PKBY" CTe-
"Hecje):\HlbeHHx"
(npaBocnaBaqa)
156 Ha llammy Bepy. CTemmaQ je O)l;pe)l;HOKOMHCHjy 3a llpeKpliITaBalhe Cp6a, KOjH, llO O)l;JIyQHXpBaTCKe BJIa)l;e, O)l;MaXllO llpeJIaCKY Ha KaTOJIHQH3aM, CMaTpaHH XpBaTHMa. lby)l;H cY MelhaJIH CBOjy Bepy y CTpaxy O)l;YCTalJlKOr HO)J(a, lJlTHTenH rOJIH )J(HBOT, Ma)l;a je CTellHHaQ JIHQeMepHO yrr030paBaO He Tpe6a TO )l;a 'lHHH llO)l; llPHHY)l;OM.
)l;a HHKO
)
It:;
A. P. fJIaBalJl, llHcao je CTellHHQY (14. cplllha
H IhHXOBa )l;p)J(aBHa apXHBa; Ha
KallTOJIY je 6HJIO H 3JIaTO Koje cy Olllba'lKaJIH O)l;CBOjHX )J(pTaBa. CBe je TO CTellHHaQ 3Hao, H CBe TO HHje Morno llponH 6e3 lherOBe )l;03BOJIe.
A;{
;~
yqHTelbH,
3aTHM YOllne HHTeJIHreHQHja H HallOKOH 60raTH
06pTHHKa
H celbaKa pa)l;H KacHHjHx eBeHTyaJIHHX 0)l;pe)l;a6a C 063HpOM Ha
if
.~!t:
J1cTH'lynH
MHOrHMa 6alJl llO TelJlKHM )l;aHHMa Ca)l;alJllhHQe Hene OTBOpHTH O'iH 3a CllO3Haje HCTHHe / .. ./ lla aKO H HHCY 6HJIH llpe'leCTH cPQeM llpHlby6HJIH
je llpoTecTBoBao
YCTalJlTBO je 6HJIO )l;y60KO llpO)J(eTO )l;YXOMpHMOKaTOJIHQH3Ma. J1)l;eo-
CJIyqajeBH Y llpOlJlJIOCTH,
HllaK je 6HJIO )l;ocTa CJIyqajeBa, )l;a cY ce H HHTeJIHreHTHH llpaBOCJIaBQH CBHM
)l;ap Kao ,,6JIa)J(eHHK': IIalla 3acTyrrHHKa llpe)l; EorOM!
JIor YCTalJlKH, KIhH)J(eBHHK MHJIe EY)l;aK, Y CBOMrOBOpy Y KapJIOBQY 13. jYJIa 1941. peKao je: "Epano H cecTpe! UHjeJIH YCTalJlKH lloKpeT TeMelbH ce Ha
HllaK Ka)J(e )l;a
"MHJIOCT EO)J(ja )l;jeJIyje HeBH)l;lbHBOY )l;YlJlaMa lbY)l;H,a TKOMO)J(e penH,)l;a ce
llpecTHrnH
Kao HOBor
CJIoj TprOBaQa,
HeyrO)l;HOCTHMa Bjepa H yrJIe)l; KaTOJIHQH3Ma':
)l;a TY 3aHCTa Balba 6HTH Ha Ollpe3Y, CTellHHaQ
J1 TaKaB 'lOBeK, )l;YXOBHHOTaQ EH)l;eXa3Hje y KOjoj je y6HjeHo OKO MHJIHOH lb}')l;H, O)l;KOjHX HajBenH 6poj Cp6a, YHeT je Y pHMOKaTOJIH'lKH KaJIeHra je CBHM BepHHQHMa llpellopyqHo
1941) KaKO cY "HHTeHQHje xp-
BaTCKe BJIa)l;e, )l;a ce Y KaTOJIH'lKY QPKBY He llpHMajy llpaBOCJIaBHH llOllOBH,
IhHX, )l;a ce He 6H H3BpraBaJIa
YCTalJlTBO je H llOCJIe ~pyror CBeTCKor paTa capa~HBaJIO ca CTellHHQeM. YCTalJle cy ce KpHJIe Ha KallTOJIY, H BaTHKaHCKHM "llaQOBCKHM KaHaJIHMa" 6e)J(aJIH Ha CHrypHO. Ha KallTOJIY je 'lysaHa
1
157
KaTOJIH'lKoj QPKBH H Y llpaKTH'lHOM BjepcKoM )J(HBOTY
H KaTOJIHKe".~aKJIe, TelJlKa cY BpeMeHa (HJIH HO)J(HJIH KpH)J(), lla
6H ce MHOrHMa Morne OTBOpHTH O'iH. ,HoBeKolby6HBH
6JIa)J(eHHK" AJIoj3Hje
H llpOTHB HaMepa YCTalJla)l;a Cp6e llpeBO)l;e caMO Ha ,,'lHCT"
pHMCKH 06pe)l;, a He H Ha YHHjaTCKH. Y Te )l;aHe, "XpBaTCKH HapO)l;" (278,20. XI 1941) llHcao je KaKO cY Cp6H "Cll03HaJIH 3a6JIY)l;e llpOlJlJIOCTH" H pelJlHJIH )l;a ce "cBpcTajy
Y HOBYEBPOllY
BjepH. To je llpHje CBera BeJIHKa Bjepa Y HalJlY llpaBe)l;HY cTBap, BeJIHKa Bje-
)l;YXOBHOH cPQeM': )l;a 6H llpHlJlJIH "BeJIHKoj )l;YXOBHOj3aje)l;HHQH Koja Heryje
pa Y CBeMorynera
lby6aB H cypa)l;IhY" (KaTOJIH'lKa QPKBa, llora~aMo!)
KOjH llpaBe)l;Hora
HHKa)l; He OCTaBlba. Ha HalJloj O)l;aHOCTH
BaTHKaHcKa "KoHrperaQHja
QPKBH H KaTOJIH'lKoj BjepH TeMelbH ce QHjeJIH HalJl pa)l;, jep Hac je lloBHjecT HayqHJIa)l;a Ka)l; OB)l;jeHe 6HCMO 6HJIH KaTOJIHQH, )l;a 6H Hac )l;aBHOHeCTaJIO.. :'
O)l;yrneBlbeHa
3aTO cy H XTeJIH )l;a HellOKJIaHe Cp6e
MalboHe,
~a CTellHHaQ
llOKaTOJIH'le.
Hecje)l;HlheHHx':
Kap)l;HHaJI
)l;eCHa PYKa IIHja XII, Ka)J(e YCTalJlKOM )l;HllJIOMaTH Y BaTHKaHY
PylJlHHOBHny )l;a ce "CBeTa CTOJIHQa BeCeJIH" MHOlJlTBY "llpeJIa3HHKa':
HHje KPHB HH 3a lJlTa )l;pyro, KPHB je 3a llpeKplJlTaBalhe
240 XHlba)l;a llpaBOCJIaBHHX Cp6a Y IIaBeJIHneBoj
3a J1cTO'lHY QPKBY" 6HJIa je, jOlJl jYJIa 1941,
"TOJIHKHM Ha)l;aMa 3a 06panalhe
EH)l;exa3HjH. qHM cY YCTa-
360r Halla)l;a "aMepH'lKOr
aJIH
HOBHHcTBa" H IhHXOBY TBp)l;IhY )l;a ce
lJlKe BJIaCTH )l;OHeJIe 3aKOH 0 llOKplJlTaBalhY, xpBaTCKH 6HCKYllH, Ha 'leJIY ca
"llpeJIa3H"
CTellHHQeM, H Y3 6JIarOCJIOB Ba11tlKaHa, KpeHYJIH cy )l;a llpe06panajy "rpKOHCTO'llhaKe" Y3 llOMon YCTalJlKHX MeTO)l;a MHcHje - TO jecT, HJIH HO)J( HJIH
)l;HTHllOCTelleHO. Y H3BelJlTajy PylJlHHOBHna YCTalJlKOMMHHHCTPYCllOlbHHX
KPH)J(. CBe je Ben 6HJIO cllpeMHo
OBO: "I11T0 ce TH'le lloBpaTHHKa, HarnaCHO caM )l;aje xpBaTcKa BJIa)l;a TO llpe-
Tpa KpYHOCJIaBa ~paraHOBHna
- "lloBjecHH'lapH"
llOllYT xpBaTcKor
(Kora je IIaBeJIHn O)l;JIHKOBaO1944. 3a "peBHH
06aBlbajy
H eHrneCKor
llOCJIOBa JIopKoBHny
HaCHJIHO, Tpe6a 6HTH ollpe3aH 0 pa3roBopy
C MalboHeoM
C llOKplJlTaBalheM
26.
H pa-
1942. CTOjH H
"YCTHJIa QPKBH, H QPKBa je 6HJIa llOTllYHO CJI060)l;Ha Y TOMe, lJlTO MHje H caM
lloBjecHH'lKH pa)l; Y 0)l;6paHY xpBaTcKHx llpaBa Y JY)J(HOjXpBaTcKoj Kao H 3a
llpeY3BHlJleHH
cY)l;HjeJIOBalhe Y CBHM rpaHaMa YCTalJlKOr pa)l;a': a THTO llpHMHO )l;a )l;o~e H3
)l;a HX je Morao llpeBeCTH )l;0 400 000, a HHje Hero TeK 100 000, jep HX HHje
eMHrpaQHje
XTHO llpHMHTH 6e3 TeMelbHTe llpHllpaBe,
H )l;a YMpe Y JyroCJIaBHjH)
,,)l;oKa3aJIH" cY)l;a cY H UpHa fopa
H
CTellHHaQ llOTBp)l;HO llpe)l; MOj 0)l;JIa3aK 3a PHM, H3jaBHBlJlH llOlJlTO je llpaBOCJIaBHH eJIeMeHaT
EocHa "xpBaTcKe 3eMlbe': H )l;a cY TaMOlJllhH CTaHOBHHQH HaCHJIHO"llollpaBo-
TaKO 3aOCTao )l;a He 3Ha HH 3a Haj6HTHHja Ha'leJIa CBeTe Bjepe:'
CJIaBlbeHH': a BaTHKaH je 6HO cllpeMaH )l;a ce OCBeTH 3a 06apalhe
caCBHM llO)l;p)J(aBao CBor ,,6JIa)J(eHor AJIoj3Hja". Ka)l;a je 6HJIO cyl)elhe
KOHKOp)l;aTa
1937. rO)l;HHe. qHM je IIaBeJIHneBa MalJlHHa 3a y6Hjalhe llO'leJIa)l;a pa)l;H, xpBaTCKH 6HCKYllH cY ce llOTPY)l;HJIH)l;a )l;OBe)l;YllallH lJlTO BHlJle "llpeJIa3HHKa': KOjH cy, Kao Y )J(yrrH CB. Tepe3Hje Y EjeJIOBapy, MOpaJIHH )l;a Ha6aBe 6JIOK'lHne
BaTHKaH je CTe-
(235/1946) je 06jaBHo O)l;rOBOpllalle-IIHja XII jyrOCJIOBeHcKoj BJIa)l;H Y JIoH)l;OHYH3 1942. Ha llpoTecTe BJIa)l;e Y Be3H ca HallHHQY, "Osservatore
Romano"
CHJIHHMKaTOJIH'lelheM Cp6a Y H~X,
llalla je O)l;rOBOpHO)l;a ,,'lHlheHHQa)l;a je
)l;a 6H ce Y IhHX yrrHcHBaJIO pe)l;OBHO llPHCYCTBOBalhe MHcaMa H "BjepoHay-
O)l;je)l;HOMBeJIHKH 6poj xpBaTcKHx )l;HCH)l;eHaTa3aTpa)J(Ho )l;a 6Y)l;e llpHMlbeH
KY': THX )l;aHa je CTellHHaQ llOKa3ao HapO'lHTY ,,'lOBe'lHOCT" llpeMa Cp6HMa. HaHMe, "llpO'leJIHHK O)l;jeJIa 3a 60rOlJlTOBlbe': 3aMeHHK MHJIe EY)l;aKa,
Y KaTOJIH'lKY QPKBY HHje Morao a )l;a He H3a30Be )J(HBY lla)J(IhY xpBaTCKor ellHCKOllaTa': 3a BaTHKaH cy Cp6H 6HJIH "xpBaTCKH )l;HCH)l;eHTH".
158
159 J1 KO.n; Hac je H3auma
I
reHOQH.n;a
MOHCHIbOp
1941-1945"
BaTcKoj, CTenHHQa
6JIa)l(eHora:
oBjeKoBjeqeH
1.../
03HaqeH
TIpe.n;cje.n;HHK XpBaTCKe
He HOTe xpBaTCKe
Koja nOKpHBa
KOMYHHCTa
Ha OJITapy. Y CBeTHJIHUlTY
HaQHOHaJIHe XHMHe, KOjy BjepHHQH
Kap.n;HHaJI AHl)eJIO
Co.n;aHO H OCTaJIH npeJIaTH
CHY PYKY Ha CPQY· CBeTHJIHUlTe
oncje.n;ajy
CJIyrnajy
°II
lberOBa
CTenHHaQ
)l(HBOTa 6Hjaxy
ro.n;HHaMa YCTaUlKe .n;HKTaType
nOBe3aH
0 capa.n;IbH
nomaBap
JIHheBe .n;HKTaType. je CTenHHaQ BaHH Tpar
apHCToKpaTHjoM,
CTenHHQa (CTenHHaQ)
Y JyrOCJIaBHjH
CTOBao' npOTHB
3Ha .n;acy YCTaUle H3BpUlHJIe Cp6e
qeBa HHTepBeHQHja npomaUlaBaqa
He3aBHCHe
je 3anHcao
o.n; nporOHa,
Hap;6HcKyna
TBp.n;H: 'J1MaMo
aKTY, 0
y QHJbY cyH3BjecTHTeJb
.n;OKa3e .n;aje 6apeM npOTHB
HaQH3Ma.
.n;a je HKa.n;a npOTeCTOBao
je3YHTa
CTenHHaQ
AKO H
fYMneJI
y CTBapH, HHje n03HaTa H3 XpBaTCKe, He nocToje.
npOTHB
aHra)l(OBaO
ce npeTBapa.n;a
6aJIKaHCKH XOJIOKaYCT npBeHCTBeHO
yonUlTe
.n;a
HHKaKaB .n;OKYMeHTO-
KaTOJIHqKe QPKBe '.n;BaHaeCT nYTa npOTe-
y 0.n;6paHY Cp6a
6JIa)l(eHOra,
,lJ,p)l(aB:e
BHUle 3a )l(H.n;OBe o.n; CTenHHQa:
HHje n03HaTO
npaBOCJIaBQe:
"HajBehy CTenHH~Q;
0 6HJtO KaKBOM op;nyqHoM 3arpe6aqKOr
HHje HH npCTOM Mp.n;HYO .n;a 6H 3aYCTaBHO eT-
reHOQH.n;. MOHCHIbOp
HeCYMIbHBe
eKCTpeMHHM
THpaHCKe xereMoHHje.
Ma .n;a ce cp)l(e QPKBa 6HjaUle .n;o Kpaja
TIeTe oO)l(Hje
3anoBHjeCTH:
,lJ,aKJIe, TO je je.n;Ha CTpaHa
aTHcpHKaQHje,
AJIoj3Hja"
"fJIac
CBje.n;OqaHCTBa
0 OJIa)l(eHHKY"
OMHJbeHOM cBeQY. XpBaTcKH TH OTaQ TIHO XII
- HCTopHjcKe
cMaTpao
Tpe6a
6HTH onpe3aH,
rOB opraHH3aM KyxapHhy,
aJIH "qHTaBa
cHTyaQHja
npOTHB
Ibera
Tpyjy.
Ha.n;6HcKyna
TaMO r.n;e YMPY. (J1JIH je, naK, peq 0 qHlbeHHQH
KO jeJaKoBY npoQecy
"U3a
CTenHHQY,
KOHKpeTHe
HMa npaBO xpBaTcKor
Ca60pa
C nOqeTKa
.n;06a HOBHX npeJIa3aKa nJIaUlHJIH
1992.
rpa.n;HTH MY OJITape, nocBehHBaTH a.n;BOKaT. 1.../ lberOBO
YKJbyqHBaJIa 1)ypaH
lberOBHX
KyxapHh
ce ceha Ka-
H3BpUlHTeJb "Hje
Hapo.n;
H O.n;JIYKY
paTa npoTHB
Cp6a
"MoHTHpaHor
npoQeca"
H
CTenHHTH-
MOJIHTH Kao 6JIa)l(eHHKY,
MY QPKBe ... OH ca.n; 3aHCTa nocTaje
npHqaO
Ha
CTao
cPQa, .n;yrne, na OH.n;a H naTIbY
HaUl
po.n;oJby6Jbe 6HJIa je Jby6aB Koja je
H .n;06pe )l(eJbe y O.n;HOCYnpeMa
ce ceha .n;aMY je CTenHHaQ
KaTe.n;paJIH
"H3a H.n;eje .n;a xpBaTCKH
MY ce MohH
xpBaTCKO
no
OHHX KOjH cy ce, Kao npaBOCJIaBQH,
HMao "naTIbY "Ca.n; heMo
qy.n;o oO)l(je,
.n;aCTenHHaQ
(.n;06a Haj)l(eUlher
3a cBoj )l(HBOT) 0 nOHHUlTaBalbY
J1 .n;o.n;aje KyxapHh:
He6ecKH
Hero
6HJIa
.n;aje "lbe-
je o.n;yrneBJbeHO n03.n;paBHo
y "PHMCKY Bepy"
QY, KojH je, Kao "MyqeHHK':
CTeIlHHQa
.n;acy BepCKe cJI060.n;e XpBaTa
npe.n; THTOM H JOBaHKOM peKao
BJIaCTH" (TIaBeJIHha),
Mel)y
KOjH cy caxpalbHBaHH
KOjH je 6HO rJIaBHU KOMYHHCTHqKH
6HTH cJI060.n;aH". KyxapHh
Ho,
Ka)I(e .n;a TY
y 3arpe6aqKoj
Behe o.n; BepCKHX cJI060.n;a Cp6a?)
OJIa)l(eBHhy
o.n; nOJIHQHTeMHje.
cy 6HJIe TaKO CTpaUlHe
caxpaHe
a OH
6HO KOH-
HHjeKQHje.
- TO je MyqeHHUlTBO':
6HJIa je .n;03BOJIa .n;aCTenHHQa
0 CBOM
Ka)I(e .n;a je "CBe-
KyxapHh
- HaKO TO HHCY .n;03BOJbaBaJIH OCTaJIHM ocyl)eHHQHMa,
He
je3YHTY
je H aMepHqKe
I
"CBeTaQ!
CBeTHM qOBjeKoM':
OHO je 60JIeCTaH
aYTOMaTCKH peampao
y CPJ 6HJIe MHoro
TIoBO.n;OM 6e-
KIbHry
je, no H3JIaCKY H3 3aTBopa,
BeCT .n;a ra KOMYHHCTH
OnTY)l(6e
A .n;pyra cTpaHa
KyxapHh
CTenHHQa
CTenHHaQ
y CBOM pO.n;HOM KpaUlHhy.
ce UlHpHJIa
qHlbeHHQe.
y KOjOj ce HaBo.n;e CBe.n;Oqelba XpBaTa
JIeqHJIH cy ra P;06PH JIeKapH, a p;06Hjao XpBaTHMa
.n;p)l(aBe,
y 3eMJbY je.n;He Bjepe:'
ro.n;HHe 06jaBHo
Ha.n;6HcKyna
caM "CBeQeM H MyqeHHKoM':
KaTOJIHqKa
pHMOKaTOJIHKa.
Kap.n;HHaJI palbo
jeJIa':
3aTO .n;a6H
1999.
KaTOJIHQH-
XpBaTcKa
HaQHcpaUlHCTHqKe
npeTBopH
KO.n;xpBaTcKHx
KOHQHJIa" je
xpBaTCKHM
He y6Hj!
xpBaTcKe
XpBaTcKY
H CBeUlTeHCTBO
H KOjH cy CJIY)l(HJIH Kao
ce HHKa.n; 06paTHO
H caMa CYOCHJ1BAQ
je KYJIT ,,6JIa)l(eHOr
HHje HCKOpHCTHO HH TPYHqH-
pa3YMY 6HcKyncTBo
HaQHOHaJIH3MOM
HHje
3aHHTepecoBaHa.n;a
cpHHHpaH
CTenHHaQ
MohH .n;anpH30Be
KOjH cy 6HJIH 06Y3em opyl)e
BaH HKaKBe CYMlbe - JIe)l(H y TOMe .n;a6y.n;yhH 6JIa-
CTenHHaQ,
.n;a
HHje.n;Ha CTenHH-
KOjH 3a fYMneJIa,
HHqKoBjepcKH QY cBoje
je MyqeHHUlTBo':
Op;JIHKOBaH o.n; TIaBe-
)l(HBOTonHcaQ
aJIH He nocTojH
AKO H .n;onYCTHMO .n;a ce MOHCHIbOp JeBpejHHa
1.../
PHBeJIH .n;o-
AJIoj3Hje
y KaTe.n;paJIH npOTeCTBOBao
XpBaTCKe
HaQH3Ma,
naTlba'
QPKBe ca YCTaUlaMa:
qJIaH ca60pa
3a 6JIa)l(eHOra,
HHKO HHje HanpaBHO
.n;onYCTHMO .n;aje npHMac
nOHeKor
KIbHre,
YCTaUlKHM nOKOJbHMa. Je3YMTa TIeTep fYMneJI,
o npOrJIaUlelbY
TIomaBHHKa.
Ha Kpajy
MOHCHIbOp
KOpHCTOJby6HBH
O.n;JIyqHojHHTepBeHQHjH
.n;BaHaeCT nyn
nOCJbe.n;IbHX
HH3albe
YCTaUlKHX y6HQa,
0 6HJIO KaKBOM'npOTeCTY',
npOTCTaBJbalba
HCTpHje6HJIH
XpBaTCKe,
nOHeKa.n; 'npOTeCTOBao':
6HJIO KaKBoj
cnaCH
Y 3aKJbyqKY
CBHX KaneJIaHa TIoHeKH
MacH
CBOjy KPB Y YCKOM
HenpeCTaHO
PHMOKaTOJIHqKe
HMao je npHMac
ca YCTaUlKOM
XpBaTCKe,
II ce 06paha
(no
H 0 6aJIKaHCKOM XOJIOKaYCTY JOBaH TIaBJIe
He Ka)l(e HH je.n;HY je.n;HHY pHjeq:'
O.n;roBOpHOCT
Moh-
H3 CBer maca;
CMpT Y3pOKOBaHa je .n;yrOM naTIbOM,
ro.n;HHa lberOBor
.n;aje, rOBopehH
HHje npOJIHO
J1cTHHa - nOTBpl)eHa )l(eHH, MOHCHIbOp
TyI)MaH,
XHMHY, .n;p)l(ehH .n;e-
CBHX TpUCTa XHJba.n;a). JOBaH TIaBJIe
Te pHjeqH:
TIeTpa .
.n;eceTHHe XHJba.n;a BjepHHKa
'OJIa)l(eHH
3HaqelbY
palbo
HO-
Bjepe',
CBeTor
njeBajy
HeKHM npOQjeHaMa,
neTHaeCT
nopTpeT
ce npOJIaMajy
)l(aJIOCHHM
maCOM:
nOCJIHje
H 'MyqeHHK
KaTe.n;paJIe H 6a3HJIHKe
.n;p)l(aBe, 6HBUlH
ce TIoHTHcpeKCY
y BH.n;y rOTCKe KYJIHQe
Kao 'CJIyra OO)l(jH'
3arpe6aqKe
6eaTHcpHKaQHjy
PHBeJIH BeJIH: "O.n;Max
ce CKH.n;a CBHJIeHa TKaHHHa
y Xp-
Ka.n;a je je.n;Ha .n;eBojqHQa
cpHrypHQY
npcT,
"Ha.n;6HcKyn
.n;HKTaTypa
OnHcyjyhH
y OHCTPHQH,
npe.n;aJIa cpe6pHY
CTenHHaQ,
PHBeJIHja
H YCTaUlKa
1999).
HHKUlHh,
CBeTHJIHUlTY
je H3Mel)y
npH.n;pY)l(yje
AypeJIHja
BaTHKaH
ce HaJIa3HO je.n;aH CTenHHqeB
Tora y CBeTHJIHUlTY Bora
("JaceH':
nanH
MapKa
CTenHHaQ,
y focnHHoM
H3 ,lJ,y6poBHHKa y Kojoj
KIbHra
CBaKOM Hapo.n;y:' )l(ynHHK KaKO ra "TIaBeJIHheB
CTaBOBa HHje BOJIHO, a OH je TO 3Hao':
pe)l(HM
Jocun 360r
160 Y "KpaTKOM
:>KJ1BOTOnJ1CY" 06jaBJbeHOM
je ,,6na:>KeHJ1K" 3a BpeMe paTa "HeYMopHO cnacaBajyhJ1
,,)KJ1.n;OBe, Cp6e,
UJ1raHe,
KOMYHJ1CTe"; lJaK ce J1 "npOTJ1BJ10
Y KlbJ13J1 "CBeTal(
ocyl)J1BaO CnOBeHl.\e,
nJ1111e.n;a
J1 CBe .n;pyre HenpaB.n;e': llOJbaKe,
Kao J1 XpBaTe
HaCJ1nHJ1M BjepCKJ1M npJ1jena3J1Ma",
je npJ1CTaO Ha lbJ1x.n;a 6J1 Jby.n;J1Ha Taj HalJJ1H CalJYBanJ1 :>KJ1BOT.360r HJ1CY BOnenJ1 HJ1 HeMl.\J1, HJ1 H,UX
anJ1
Tora ra
BnaCTJ1, Koje cy Tpa:>KJ1ne .n;a ra J1 CBeTa
l•..... ~:,~<
~gt::
:4sL
I'~
J
J1HCTpYMeHT. / .. ./ He Tpe6a
y nOTnYHY
Jj;{'
nOKopHoCT
.n;orMaT 0 nanJ1Hoj
HapaBHo,
"He3a6ny.n;J1BOCTJ1':
TY je J1llJ10 XII,
nJ1TalbJ1Ma Bepe.
Ho,
nJ1Hl.\a J1 HJ1KOnaja.
MOHaKO nany
cMaTpajy,
He 3a60paBJ1MO:
no
TJ1TOB pe:>KJ1M je J13je.n;HalJaBaO CTe-
MMa TaKBJ1X J13je.n;HalJaBalba J1 .n;aHac. A 3aMJ1CnJ1MO .n;a
je CTenJ1Hal.\ o.n; 1941..n;0 lJajeM, o.n;Be.n;eH,MaKap
1945. 6J10 no.n; HeMalJKOM CTpa:>KOM J1nJ1,KOjJ1M J1 Ha je.n;aH .n;aH, y,Uaxay!
Ha .n;eceTJ1He XJ1Jba.n;acTpaHa
Ho, XBana Bory!
,,:>KJ1TJ1ja"J1"lJy.n;a': a CTenJ1Hal.\
6J1 6J10 n03HaT
HaMa OCTaBe CBeTor
HJ1KOnaja
.n;enalba HeKa CTenJ1Hal.\
)l{J1lJKOr,
Ha.n; Cp6HMa
Ha3HBOM,
a CTenJ1Hl.\a
CTe-
- HeKa
Y3enJ1 Kao npJ1Hl.\J1n MJ1111Jbelba J1
6y.n;e KpCHa cnaBa.
:>KJ10.n;a MY je nornaBHHK
peKao
KpB 6pahe
Kal'OnJ1lJaHCTBO.
Cp6a,
lllTO
npJ1Mehyje
6J1 ce MO:>K.n;aJ1 Morne
l)aKoH
AH.n;pej
KypajeB,
60rocnoBcKe
.n;oKTpJ1He
ycarnaCJ1TJ1 Ha HeKJ1M KOMJ1CJ1jaMa, anJ1 - lllTa
ca J1.n;eanJ1Ma CBeTOCTJ1 llpaBOCnaBJba
3ana.n; J1 MCTOK cje.n;J1HJ1nJ1,OH.n;a 6J1 y KaneH.n;apy
6J1nJ1 J1 "Bna:>KeHJ1"
3J1je J1 CBeTJ1 llnaTOH
MBaH llaBao
BalbanyqKJ1
heMo
J1 pJ1MOKaTOnJ1l.\J13Ma? Jep, Ka.n; 6J1 ce
... HaJ1Me, nana
Anoj-
II je 3a CBora
nOHTJ1
CTenJ1Hl.\Y.
DEI':
X03e MapJ1ja
ECKpJ1Ba.n;e BanarBepa,
Dei" je OpraHJ13al.\J1ja Koja je cTajana
AMepJ1l.\J1, OpraHJ13al.\J1ja
MaCOHepJ1je':
HOBJ1 Mrnal.\J1o
JIojona.
J13a HJ13a .n;J1KTaTOpa y JIaTJ1HCKoj
cypoBe
.n;J1Cl.\J1nnJ1HeHanJ1K Ha OHY y TOTanJ1Tap-
HJ1M KynTOBJ1Ma. HOBJ1 "CBeTal.\"
je CBOjJ1M Mna.n;J1M cne.n;6eHJ1l.\J1Ma nopyqJ1-
BH-BJ1-CJ1ja,
Te'le
Kao peKa.
M MH He lJyjeM
J13Be1liTaBa
je 3Hao 3a npe1942,
3arpe6alJKOr
aa.n;6J1-
ce CJ1nOM nOKplUTaBajy
y
Ha.n;6J1CKyrra .n;a J13pa:>KaBa npOTeCT.
ce 0 lberOBOM
BaTHKaH je y
y 6nH3HHH
llpaBOCnaBl.\H ornac
jyny
yqelllhy
y Hal.\J1CTJ1lJKJ1M H <palllJ1-
1941. 3Hao 3a HaCHnHa nOKplllTaBalba 3a MCTOlJHe l.\pKBe Tpa:>KJ1na .n;ace He H3 "nOrpelllHJ1X
pa3nora"
(Kao
lllTO je J136eraBalbe
HO:>KaH MaJba). Kap.n;HHan TJ1CepaH je YCTalliKOM
.n;Hnno-
MaTJ1 PYlllJ1HOBHhy
peKao.n;a
(1942).
ce 3Ha.n;a je 350 XHJba.n;a Cp6a
AllJ1, llJ10 XII
je J1 .n;aJbe npHMao
Ke nOnJ1l.\Hje;
6.
YCTalllKJ1M nocnaHHKOM
YCTame: jyna
1942. YCTalliKY
JI06KoBHheM,
CMOM H :>KaJbelbe lllTO jOlll
HeCTano
1941. CTO lJnaHOBa 3arpe6alJ-
Mna.n;e:>K; 1943.
H3pa3J10 je, npe.n;
cBoje 3a.n;OBOJbCTBOllaBenHheBHM
HJ1je nO'leo
noxo.n; npoTHB
npaBor
nH-
HenpHjaTeJba
- OOJbllleBH3Ma ... TOIli je.n;Hor
je noceTHO
nanJ1HOr
jepapxa
BOCHY J1Xepl.\erOBHHY
Tap KOMHcHje cpe.n;HllllbHl.\Y" paTa, nopyqHo
qeKa
6eaTJ1
Ha.n;6J1CKyn JOCHn IIITa.n;nep.
3a eBaHrenH3al.\Hjy PHMOKaTOnJ1lJKe je oKyrrJbeHHM
Kap.n;J1Han
o.n; 6. .n;o 10. jyua
2002,
Hapo.n;a. Y CapajeBY l.\pKBe, H, nocne
TO je Her.n;allllbH
KpellllJeHl.\HO
Cene
Kao nanHH
ceKpe-
je noceTHO
rOBopa
0 paHaMa
"MJ1CJ1jCKY MHHynor
.n;aTpe6a .n;ano-
MOrRY .n;pyrHMa.n;a cpeTHY KpHCTOBO nHl.\e y "penHPJ1:03HO nnypanHCTJ1lJHOM
Bao J1OBO: "By.n;J1 J1HCTpYMeHT. BenJ1KJ1 J1nJ1ManJ1, .n;enJ1KaTaH J1nJ1npOCTalJ-
.n;PYlllTBY': M.n;o.n;ao je .n;aje 60caHCKa
KJ1. / .. ./ TBoj 3a.n;aTaK je .n;a 6y.n;elll J1HCTpYMeHT .. :' M jOlll:
.n;aje nana HCTaKao .n;aHacTyrra
"TJ1 CJ1je.n;aH ja.n;HJ1
Cp6CKOj
llana
o.n; KOjHx je je.n;aH, J13
3nOlJHHH ce Bpllle
H
3a6ene-
npeMa
opraHH3al.\J1ja':
OHJ1 KOjH 6J1 .n;a nOCTaHY KaTonHl.\H
Bpx60caHCKJ1
Pel.\J1MO, He.n;aBHO je y CBeTalJHJ1K YHeT OCHJ1BalJ "nanJ1He "OPUSA
PYKY, lJy.n;HJ1...
cTapHM
C llaBenJ1heM,
.n;a Hehe 6HTJ1 TonepaHTaH
jep je BaTJ1KaHCKa KOHrperal.\J1ja
npJ1Majy
CTenH-
ocnoBHo
BpJ1TaHCKH H3aCnaHJ1K y BaTJ1KaHY, 0360PH,
rnaCHO OBaKO: "HajropH cKyrra.
je, lJJ1M ce cpeo
Hero "nOnHTHlJKa
Cp6HMa.
je XpBaTe
a7lH
HaCJ1Jbe
H J13pa3HO CBojy :>KeJbY 3a Hanpe.n;aK
Ha.n;6HcKyrr
3nOlJHHe npeMa
lbeMY I,IOH KOpH-
Jom 1939, Ka.n;a je Ha.n;6HcKyrr
xo.n;OlJaCHHKa, nana
KplllhaHcTBa':
QPKBH, jep TO HHje UpKBa,
°
CTenJ1Hl.\a.
H npCTOM HJ1je Mp.n;HYO .n;a3aycTaBH
llaBenJ1ha.
rpyrry
"npe.n;3Hl)e
CTHlJKJ1M napa.n;aMa:'
Kao
KOjJ1 je ca3Bao II BaTJ1-
nJ1111eKao 0 lJOBeKY KojH je He<popManHO,
60JbY 6y.n;yhHOCT. IheroB
YMeCTO Tora,
KaKBe jom CBen;e Hy}l;H "cecTpHHCKa n;pKBa"?
narra"
y .n;06a AHTe
Hal.\ .n;OBeo KO.n;nane
BO.n;J10MY je J13BelliTaje
BeKa ...
Cp6J1 HJ1CYJ1ManJ1, HJ1TJ1he J1MaTJ1, "CBel.\e" nonYT
lbJ1Ma. CBJ1Ma OHJ1Ma KOjJ1 cy cp60
cny-
O.n; Tora 6J1 6J1no HalJJ1lbeHO
l.\enOM cBeTY Kao HajBehJ1 aHTJ1Hal.\J1CTJ1lJKJ1cTpa.n;anHJ1K XX
nJ1Hl.\a. HeKa
y CKna.n;y
J1MBaH XXIII,
nana Anoj3J1ja
CBecp.n;HO, no.n;p:>Kao EHAexa3J1jy,
KOHl.\J1na, He3a6ny.n;J1BJ1M ex cathedra
J1
KaHCKJ1 KOHl.\J1n .n;a 6J1 Taj .n;orMaT, Y3 eKYMeHJ1CTJ1lJKY peTOpJ1KY, nOTBPAJ1o.
Ben y KlbJ13J1 "XJ1TnepOB
OHJ1 xohe.
DEI"
nanJ1.
llOTnJ1CHJ1K OBJ1X pe.n;OBa HeMa HJ1111TanpOTJ1B Tora .n;apJ1MOKaTOnJ1l.\J1
BaTJ1KaHCKOr
"OPUS
HOBJ1 6na:>KeHJ1l.\J1cy J1llJ10 IX, KOjJ1 je Ha I BaTJ1KaHCKOM KOHl.\J1ny YBeo
TaKo xpBaTCKJ1 pJ1MOKaTOnJ1l.\J1.
C .n;orMaTOM llpBor
"Opus
OCTaBJ1TJ1J1HCTpYMeHT.n;a 3apl)a:'
.n;aJbe
CTOnJ1l.\a MaKHe C Ha.n;6J1CKyncKe CTOnJ1l.\e y 3arpe6y.
.n;O:>KJ1BJbaBajyKao CBel.\a Kora
161
pHMOKaTOJIHlJKa
npOJIene
eBaHreJnl3auHje.
ll;pKBa MyqeKHIJ;a,
aM
MHOI'K c.y cenoae
162
l' )
CelIeOBe
1I0CeTe ymnaJIH
KO Tpe6a
,n;a 6y,n;e eBaHreJIH30BaH,
CY pMMOKaTOJIHQM Y BOCHH ,n;06po OpraHM30BaHM AJIM, CBe je 1I0CTaJIO jacHo
Ka,n;a je CelIe
,n;HHaJIa JOCHlIa llITa,n;JIepa,
qMjM je 1I0cTynaK
capajeBcKM
Kap,n;HHaJI BMHKO IIYJbMh.
"rOpJbMBM
naCTMp,
npen03HaTJbMB
C 063MpOM
,n;a
M BepHM CBOjOj 3aje,n;HMQM.
Kao 06pa3aQ
MMcMje MCTaKao Kap-
3a 6eaTM
Cene je 3a llITa,n;JIepa
A Illta
MHMQMjaTMBaMa
y cTBapM pa,n;Mo Kao OCHHBaq pe,n;a qaCHMX cecTapa
I1cyca"?
y PMMY, np0
Y "MMpOTBOpaqKY
,n;aHa hHpMJiMQa,
O,n; caMor
IIpOTMB
cp6cKor
3aTBapaHe
cp6cKe
npeJIa3aK
llITa,n;JIep
nOqeTKa,
IIpaBocJIaBJba.
Ille
KlbMre
M3 PycMje
3eMaJbCKe BJIa,n;e, rp0
3a 60IlllbaIllTBO
1918.
JIOCT Koja ce He3aCJIf)I(eHo JypMIllMha
Cp6CKM MCTOpMqap
0 lbeMY npeTBapa
OqeKyje
llITa,n;JIep
BM-
KpaJbeBMHe
Cp6a,
6eaTM
onpe,n;eJbeH
je ,n;OqeKaO npoQec
MMeHyjyhM IIYJbHh
3a
BeJIMqaCHOr
je nocpe,n;Ho
,n;a he' BOCHa M XepQeroBMHa
~06MTM
,n;PYIllTBY TaKBMX "cBeTaQa"
HaBeIllheMO
peq Ka,n;je y nMTalbY MMJIOIll, nocao,
y Cp6MjM.
IllTa he npaBOCJIaBHM
M lbHXOBMX 6eaTM
113 Te cTy,n;Mje, nMcaHe
,n;oMahM "aHTMceMMTM3aM':
qMjy heMO MMcao napa
IIaJIaBeCTpa
Beh nocTOje,
(Kao
JeBpeja
peqeHMQa
MMXaMJIa
y 3aKOHHMa,
je Te)l{aK
y npOBMHQMjM,
H ,n;o BepJIMHCKOr
BaH Beorpa,n;a. npaBa
AJIM, IIpe,n;par
JeBpeja
y Cp6MjM
HM Y
nOIllTOBaHa:
,,113 pa3HMX )l{aJI6M, IllTO cy MX CTaJIHO CJIaJIM Ha CBe CTpaHe, Momo BM,n;eTM ,n;a cy JeBpejM y TO BpeMe M nope,n; 3a6paHe, MnaK )l{MBeJIM y YHYTpaIlllbOCTM.
11 TO He caMO JeBpejM KojM cy 6MJIM CTpaHM
peB.Qy, IIMpoTY, HMIllY,
Mel)YHapo,n;HMM
yroBopMMa
Beh H ,n;oMahM JeBpejM CTapoce,n;eO.QM. JeBpejcKe
3aje,n;HM.Qe nOMMlbY
ce y TO BpeMe y llIan.Qy,
3ajeqapy,
HerOTMHY,
CMe,n;epeBY,
Klba)l{eB.Qy,
JIecKOB.Qy H ,n;pyrMM MeCTMMa. IIpeMa
ro,n;MHe y HMIllKMM,
Illa6aqKOM
3BaHMqHOM
M cMe,n;epeBcKoM
1888, 6poj JeBpeja 3.200. Y 3eMYHY je
1895.
YCTaBa M3
nOBehao
ce Ha
71
o,n;YKynHo
MeCTa. IIpMpacT
BapoIllM
jeBpejcKor
H BapoIllM.Qe CTaHOBHMillTBa
Ille 6P3, aJIM ce CO.QMjaJIHa CTpYKTypa CBera npMBpe,n;HOM ycnOHY Cp6Mje JIa npOMeHY
paHMjMx
Tpa,n;MQMoHaJIHa
3aHMMalba jeBpejcKa
,n;06po,n;OIllJIa y CBMM cpnCKMM cy M3 TMX BapOIllM MomM Illhy
jeBpejcKe
,n;a ce 3anoIllibaBajy
YCTaB06paHMTelba,
M3
1874.
OKPYry )l{MBeJIO je OKO 2.000
jOIll
YBeK npe
KparyjeB.Qy,
nonMCY
6JIM3Y CTOTMHY. ,[{eceT ro,n;MHa KacHMje,
- a YBaJbeBCKOM,
M T3B. 'Kanopo,n;MqHe
Jaro,n;MHM, IIo)l{a-
CBMJIajH.Qy,
M jaro,n;MHCKOM OKpyry
OKPYry
ce
,n;o,n;YIlle Y MaJIOM 6pojy,
JeBpeja - KOJIMKO MY Beorpa,n;y
y
l.{aCJIaB
KOjM cy ce TMQaJIM npe
CBM-
Cp6M
o,n;rOBopHO
MX MCKOpMCTMTM.)
CMaTpa ,n;a3aKOHCKa OrpaHMqelba
TO BpeMe HMCY CTporo
y
npeme,n;
IllTO 6M peKao
M3MMIIIJbalbe
Tpe6a
HaBo,n;M ,n;a je y ,n;06a Klba3a
6MJIO M3BeCHMX OrpaHMqelba
CBera HaCTalbMBalba
IIaJIaBecTpa,
,n;aje M KpaTaK
no,n;y)l{e QMTaTe ,n;a 6M ce BM,n;eJIO 0 qeMY je 3aMCTa
na aKO peqeHMQe
KOHrpeca
IIpe,n;par
JIMTepaTypM
CBor
,,6JIa)l{eHOJ;" AJIoj3Mja. AKO je TaKO, nOCTaBJba ce je,n;Ho nMTalbe:
cy,n;6MHe JeBpeja
nMTYJIaQMjaMa',
Kap,n;MHaJI BMHKO IIYJbMh BeJIM ,n;aje "MMy 6JIarOCJIOB";
TIaJIaBeCTpe
KlbM)I{eBHOCTM,
y cp6cKoj
,n;p)l{aBJbaHM M caMMM TMM 3aIIITMheHM
MY HMje 6HJIa no BOJbM. IIOJIMTMqKM 0pMjeHTaQMje,
M Tpe3BeHO,
BJIa,n;MKY, KOjM ce
je3MK, ca je,n;HMM je,n;MHMM
ro,n;MHe, ,n;aH nOCJIe cTBapalba
3a nocTYJIaTOpa
Ma CTaBMO ,n;o 3Halba',n;a
Ha cp6CKor
M 60IlllbaqKM
MCTopMjcKe
IIaJIaBecTpa
OTyl)MTM o,n; U;pKBe I1cTOKa.
M CJIOBeHaQa, Koja
npomaIllaBalbe
Beqa
CHare,n;a ce M360pM C PMMOM M Xa636yp3MMa.
IllTO BHIlle
llITa,n;JIep je YMPO
Kao npaBaIll
Yme,n;HM
To je ,n;06a Ka,n;a je YKH-
IllKOJIe, nOTMCKMBaHe
H BeJIMKOr npMTMcKa
JIO je TO ,n;06a 60p6e QMJbeM: Cp6e
IIaBY
MMeHOBaH je CTMma y BOCHY
Kao BepHH CMH PMMa M Beqa,
Hy,n;H Cp6CKOM MMTpOnOJIMTY
nOBJIaqM,HeMajyhM
XpBaTa
Bpx60caHcKor
Ha YHHjy C PMMOM, IllTO oBaj O,n;JIyqHO 0,n;6Mja. ,[{OJIa3M,n;0 nOJIeMM-
Ke ca llITa,n;JIepOM
1885.
Bpo,n;y, cTy,n;Mpao
Ka,n;a je AycTpo-YrapcKa
M Cp6Mje ... Y capa,n;lbM ca oKynaQMoHMM MMpoIlleBcKMM,
y CJIaBOHCKoM
3a Ha,n;6McKyna
1878,
KOHrpeca MHcMjy':
pa,n;Mo je Ha 60p6M
1843.
Pol)eH
y 3arpe6y,
nOCJIe BepJIMHCKOr
CBep;o~elbeTIpep;para CBOjOj KlbM3M 0 JeBpejMMa
je llITa,n;JIep MaJIOra
CPBlltl1 JEBPEJIIt
,n;aje 6MO
,n;eJIOTBOpHe Jby6aBH':
"CJIY)I{aBKM
,!
'<"~;'
nOKpeHYO
peKao
no CBeTOCTM M MHorMM
163
c<
KparyjeBaqKOM,
caMO y HMIllKOM Ta,n;a 6MJIO
y Cp6MjM,
700
qaqaHCKOM
1884,
,n;aKJIe
M nMpoTcKOM
JeBpeja.
fo,n;MHe
JeBpejM cy )l{MBeJIM y
He3a,n;p)l{MBO MelbaJIa 3aXBalbyjyhM
M yp6aHM3a.QMjM M HaMeTaJIa
3aHMMalba,
29
6MO je OqMme,n;aH, MaKO He CYSMnpe
rpa,n;OBa Koja je 3axTeBa-
HOBY ,n;PYIllTBeHY Kao Ha npMMep
no,n;eJIY.
JIeKapM, 6MJIa cy
npOBMH.QMjCKMM MeCTMMa, na M y BpeMe Ka,n;a nopo,n;M.Qe MOpaJIe ,n;a ce McelbaBajy.
M y.QMBMJIHOj MY BOjHoj Ka,n;a cy y Cp6MjM
JIeKapM cy
CJIY)l{6M, qaK M no,n; BJIa-
6MJIM ,n;OHeTM HajTe)l{M
rrponMCH
164 npOTJfB JeBpeja.
OHH CY HajJIaKllIe
KOjH HX je npaBHO
CTHQaJIH CTaTYC T3B. 'npHpo1)eHHx
H3je):\Ha'laBaO
MOrnH ):\a Hanpe):\yjy
y jaBHoM
H OKPY:>KHH JIeKap, 0):\
1841.
ca 'po1)eHHM
Cp6HMa',
Cp6a'
na CY 6e3 CMeTIbH
H ):\PY1IITBeHOM :>KHBOTY. Kao BOjHH, a nOTOM
rO):\HHe Y Cp6HjH
je no pa3HHM
MeCTHMa pa):\Ho
H3 BpllIQa
npelliao
Bepy H no):\ HOBHM HMeHOM JOBaH TIeTpoBHo
Ha npaBOCJIaBHY
CTao Majop
H 3aje):\Ho
ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa BYKallIHHoM,
TpOM 6HO Me1)y HajyrJIe):\HHjHM Y KparyjeBa'lKoj llIJIe3HHrep,
BojHOj
Koj nOJbCKoj 60JIHHQH
cpncKor
APHHCKOM,
1876.
y paTY
H OKPY:>KHHM rpa):\oBHMa
0):\
Kopnycy
JocH<Pa
H aJIeKCHHa'l-
rO):\HHe JIeKapH H anoTeKapH
1881.
BeKa.
je ):\OKTOp XepMaH
KHe:>KeBCKOr KaneJIHHKa
MopaBcKoM
noH TIe-
):\pyre nOJIOBHHe XIX
H, Ha 'IeJIY ca yrJIe):\HHM
TIoncoM,
Cp6HH'
HHKOJIOM
rO):\HHe pa):\Ho
Ha ):\eceTHHe IbHX CJIY:>KHJIOje H KacHHje
):\OKTOpOM CaMYHJIOM KapcKor
1849.
rap):\HjcKor
Y THMo'lKOM,
Ko1)e JeBpejH.
JbY):\HMa y Cp6HjH
60JIHHQH
CHH npBor
llIne3HHrepa.
KOjH je Kao 'npHpo1)eHH
1852.
):\OKTOp JOCH
6HJIH cy Ta-
no pa3HHM
cpecKHM
6eorpa):\cKHM
JIe-
:>KaBHH 'IHHOBHHK,
KapHjepy
rO):\HHe. IheroB
JIOc0
n030pHllITa.
CJIaHHKa
Apyre
Y3 npBor
nOCJIaHHKa H3
1881.
rO):\HHe, BYKallIHH
cTpacTH.
6paT HHKOJIa
6eorpa):\cKe
JeBpejHHa
1877,
6HO 'IeCTa MeTa nOJIHTH'IKHX CTpaHa'lKe
je BYKallIHH
y JeHH, 6HO je Hajnpe
rO):\HHe ):\HpeKTop
03epoBHoa,
HanpaBHo MHHHcTap
npBH nYT je nOCTaBJbeH 3a Hapo):\Hor
1879.
KHe3a MHJIaHa
pO):\Hor
6aI
neKapH,
rOTOBO y):\BOCTpyqHJIH JIeKapH, anOTeKapH, 3HHQH, 6aHKapH, 'IaHHM
areHTH,
nOCJIOBHMa.
1890.
HcnHTOM,
nOCJIaHHKa YKa30M
TIeTpoBHo, npo
rHMHa3Hje
y Hapo):\Hoj
H ynpaBHHK
cKynllITHHH,
je 360r
CBor jeBpejcKor
Ka):\a cy ce y Cp6HjH
YJIory
JeBpeja
3a nonOpeKJIa
pa36YKTaBaJIe
HnaK HHje OMeJIO y nOJIHTH'Ikoj
JeBpejHH
Ha-
ABpaMa
TIeTpoBHo
Koja je (y MaJIOMe) 6HJIa CJIH'IHa OHOj KaKBY je y EHrnecKoj
Yo'laBa
y KparyjeBQY,
E):\Hja EYJIHja, H3a6paHor
JIOp):\ EHKOHC
):\OKTOp
H 6aHKapa
Hana):\a
To TIeTpoBHoa
J. TIeTpoBHo, Kao BHCOKH ):\p-
KapHjepH
y TO BpeMe HMao
AH3paeJIH:'
AOKTOp
rO):\HHe, JeBpejH
cy BeoHM
6HjH 06aBJbaJIe 3ajMoBa
H y pa3Bojy
Cp6Hje
y 06JIaCTH npH-
KpajeM
H y MellIOBHTHM
CBe 6aHKapcKe
H YJIaralba
"Pa3BHTaK
cpnCKHX
JeBpejH
rpa):\OBa, jaBHHx
nOMornH
HHM HCKYCTBOM H HaBHKaMa.
OHH cy ce JIaKO YKJIanaJIH
npe06pa:>Kaj
npHJIaro1)aBaJIH
Iba. AOK cy OKO aaHaTJIHje,
JIaKO npHJIarO):\JbHBH
Kao npeTe:>KHO rpa):\CKO CTaHOBHHllITBO
:>KHBOT H 6p3H npHBpe):\HH Ha 3aHHMalba
CJIY:>K6H H ):\pYlliTBeHHX
cy cnpeTHH,
1870.
MeXaHJ,IHje,
Cp6Hje,
HOBHM nOTpe6aMa
rO):\HHe 6eorpa):\cKH Kpoja'lH,
JIHMapH,
H YCJIOBHMa npHBpe1)HBa-
JeBpejH
npeTe:>KHO 6HJIH CHTHe
KO:>KapH, Ka3aHI,IHje,
Bo):\oHollIe,
BeKa HMaJIH cy Koje cy y CpHHBecTHQHja,
no):\yxBaTe:'
"AaBH):\
KoeH 6HO je npBH a):\BOKaT Me1)y 6eorpa):\cKHM
EBO llITa
Ka:>Ke TIaJIaBe-
Bepe' y jaBHH
EOt ttY8a Cp6ujy
360r
Koje je H3ry6HO
TIpBHM
KIbH:>KeBHHM pa):\oBHMa
KpajeM
XX
BeKa OrnaCHJIH
C. AaBH'Io cpncKoM
0):\ Kora
je3HKY. XajHM
rOBa cynpyra
'OTaI,J6HHH'.
1894.
KIbH:>KeBHHKa XajHMa
nO'leTKY
KIbH:>KeBHHK TIepa
KJIy6a
AaBH'Ia,
CnHCaTeJbKa y 'EpaHKoBoM
'CpncKo-jeBpejcKa
ApY1IITBeHoM ):\ao je Xyro
nOCJIaHHKa
H ):\pyrH
HenoY3):\aHHM
H QHOHHCTHqKH
:>KHBOTY Eeorpa):\a
rpyna
jeBpejcKHx
ca llInaHCKor
AaBHqO,
H cKynJbaq
KYJITypHH
H jaBHH pa):\HH-
CTaTHCTH'IKHM
no):\aQHMa,
HaBeJIa je cpncKH
"JeBpejcKH
rnacHHK"
Ha Kao
1909-1910.
OHPHJIHQOM. KpajeM
EYJIH, CHH HMyoHor EYJIHja.
KOJIY' H
KIbH:>KeBHa 3aje):\-
ce<pap):\a, 3aTHM HOBHHap H a):\BOKaT JOBaH
je3HKY, llITaMnaH
EeHQHoHa
y cpncKoj
cy 6HJIH a):\BOKaT EeHKo
npeBo):\HJIaQ
Ha
KIbH:>KeB-
jeBpejcKa
C. TaJIeToB
TIpeMa
qaKje
H3JIa3HO Ha cpncKoM
cpncKor
06jaBJbHBaJIa
Me1)y KojHMa
H XajHM
nHcaQa
y):\pY:>Kelba 6HJIa je H Ibe-
XX BeKa rOTOBO nOJIOBHHa JeBpeja y Cp6HjH
cBoj MaTep1bHje3HK.
npHHoc
npBor
rO):\HHe, ):\eJIOBaJIa je MellIOBHTa
HHTeJIeKTyaJIaQa
Eeorpa):\a.
llITaMnH
JOBaH MaH):\HJI
KIbH:>KeBHOCT jeBpejcKHx
npBa
Moj-
poncTBY.
6HO je 6JIarajHHK
pa):\oBe
OKO npOCBeTHOr
HHQa', OCHOBaHor
6paT
je cBoje
'Cp6a
je 6pOllIYPY
:>KHBOT Y 6yrapcKoM
rO):\HHe. Me1)y 'IJIaHOBHMa
JeJIeHa JIeJIa AaBH'Io,
KIbH:>KeBHOCTH Koja
HanHcao
je3HKY y 6eorpa):\cKoj
03epoBHo,
Mo):\epHa
AaBHqO
1892.
Ha cpncKoM
cy ce ABpaM
nO'lHlbe
HHqKOr y):\pY:>Kelba
y BpeMe paToBa
llIKO-
uoc8eneHuM
8epe 1897. 3aJIaraO ce 3a YKJIanalbe
:>KHBOT Cp6Hje;
(1915)
JeBpejHMa
y cBOjHM EecegaMa
fJIaCOBHT Kao rOBopHHK,
CpuClwj OMllaguHu Mojcuje8e cHjeBe
HaH):\HJI,
Tpa):\HQHOHaJI-
H rpa1)eBHHcKe
cy yqecTBOBaJIH
QH Ta):\allIlber
y HOBH rpa1)aHcKH
na cy cBoja
XX
6aHKaMa
JeBpejH
YCTaHOBa
yp6a-
yqecTBo-
H CpncKo-jeBpejcKe
H nO'leTKOM
H y Cp6CKOj KYJITypH.
Ca-
1893.
cTpa:
H npOMY-
ca CTe'leHHM
Tj.
Kao aKQHoHapH
nOCJIOBe KO):\ YB03a KanHTaJIa,
y MHOrHM 06JIaCTHMa
paBHonpaBHOCTH,
H HHocTpaHHM
y BeJIHKe npHBpe):\He
H HOB-
a):\BoKaTcKY KaHQeJIapHjy.
llITe):\HOHHQe
XIX
npeBO-
ca nOJIO:>KeHHM npaBOCY):\HHM
nYHe rpa1)aHcKe
TprOBa'lKe
cy
a):\BOKaTH,
MeCTa y TprOBa'lKHM
):\eJIOM CBor KanHTaJIa
y HHllIY.
aKQHja
BpeMeHOM
'IHHOBHHQH,
npH YB03Y H H3B03Y p06a,
AaBH):\ AJIKaJIaj
Eeorpa):\cKe
3a):\pyre
3HaTaH 6poj
H Melba'lH,
H nocTajaJIH
rO):\HHe OTBOpHO je y Eeorpa):\y
BaJIH y oCHHBalbY TprOBa'lKe
nocpe):\HHQH
nocpe):\HHQH
MO neT rO):\HHa nOCJIe CTHQalba
H cpncKHx
Bpe):\e:
TprOBQH,
cBoja 3aHHMalba
3a):\p:>KaBajYOH H ):\aJbe npBa
JIOBaHHM y Cp6HjH.
3ana:>KeHY nOJIHTH'IKY
1888.
165
HOCa'lH,
):\PY1IITBa. AOKTOp EepHap):\ EpHJI 6HO je ):\BOpCKH JIeKap nOCJIe):\IbHX
Hapo):\HH nOCJIaHHK H ):\yroro):\HllIIbH
0YPHH
.~,
JIeKapOM
rO):\HHe 6HJIH 'IJIaHOBH CpncKor
06peHoBHoa.
a 0):\
1
1895.
6eorpa):\cKor
M3 llIBajQapcKe,
rO):\HHe je):\HHcTBeH 6aHKapa
):\0-
H Hapo):\Hor
r):\e je 6HO Ha llIKOJIOBaIbY,
166 Xyro EynH AOHeo je y Cp6Hjy rrpBY
Y ,D;OtbeMrpa~y Hcrro~ KaJIeMer~aHa Y Majy 1896. rO~HHe
1, '.1'
167
Y rrpBoM CBeTCKOMpaTY JeBpejH cy ce y cprrcKoj BOjCQHHa CBHM
Ma 60pHJIH 3aje~Ho ca Cp6HMa, rHHYJIH Ha MaqKOBOM KaMeHY H y 0~6paHH Eeorpa~a, rrpeIllJIH AJI6aHHjy, YMHpaJIH o~ TH
opraHH30Bao rrpBY jaBHY
IllaJIH Ha KajMaKqaJIaHY. Y HCTOBpeMe, MHOrH JeBpejH 3aje~Ho ca Cp6HMa
rra OrrHCaJIajy je ca 3aHHMatbeM H cHMrraTHjaMa H OTa~ je
6HJIH cy ~erropToBaHH y aycTpoyrapcKe
HajoMHlbeHHjH crropT Meljy Cp6HMa XX BeKa:'
He)l(H~epa. 3a paTHe rrO~BHre HeKH JeBpejH O~JIHKOBaHHcy KapaljopljeBoM 3Be3~OM H 3JIaTHOMMe~alboM 3a xpa6pocT. Kao HaqeJIHHK y MHHHcTapcTBY
o CTatby y
Cp6HjH rrOqeTKOM XX BeKa EeHKo ,D;aBHqOje rrHcao: "Cp-
6HjaHcKH JeBpejH He Tprre HH O~ KaKBHX rrporOHa HHTH H3HHMHHX 3aKOHa. Hapo~ je BpJIO TOJIepaHTaH H 3aKOHH cy tberOBH TOJIepaHTHH:' IIpe~par
IIaJIaBecTpa HaBO~H H rro~aTKe 0 Cp6HjH H JeBpejHMa y ~06a
Meljy
KojHMa je 6HO H OpHrHHaJIHH PYKorrHc MHpOCJIaBlbeBOr JeBaHljelba H3 XII BeKa. Y BOjHOj ~HrrJIOMaTcKoj MHcHjH 1917. rO~HHe y AMepHQH, Kao KarreTaH
Kpalba IIeTpa: "TaKBOM rrOJIHTHKOMrpaljaHcKe TOJIepaHl.\Hje BJIaCTKpalba IIeTpa I KapaljopljeBHna
3aTBope H JIorope rrorrYT Apa~a H
~aJIa je rrOJIeTaBen yqBpIllneHoj
jeBpejcKoj 3aje~HHl.\H y Cp6H-
cprrcKe BojcKe 60paBHo je ~p ,D;aBH~AJI6aJIa. IIpeKo tbera je CprrcKa paTHa MHcHja y Cje~HtbeHHM ,D;p)l(aBaMay HMe BJIa~e yrrYTHJIa 3BaHHqHe rr03~paBe
jH. CaM Kpalb rrOJIO)l(HOje 1907. rO~HHe KaMeH-TeMelbal.\ 3a HOBY cHHarory
H rrpH3Hatbe JeBpejHMa rrOBO~OM~OHOIlletba HCTopHjcKe EaJI
H 1908. rO~HHe ca qJIaHOBHMa BJIa~e rrpHcycTBO-
paQHje 0 rrpHpo~HOM rrpaBY JeBpeja Ha corrcTBeHY ~p)l(aBY y IIaJIecTHHH, H3 qera je 1948. rO~HHe H3paCJIa~aHailitba ~p)l(aBa 113paeJI. 'HaMa ne 6HTH )l(ao'
'EeT JH3paeJI' y Eeorpa~y
Bao tbeHOM OCBenetby. JeBpejH cy Ha TOJIepaHl.\HjYY3BpaTHJIH JIojaJIHOIllny H rrpHXBaTHJIH cTaTYc 'Cp6a MojcHjeBe Bepe' KOjH HHje 6HO BH~ aCHMHJIal.\Hje
- Ka)I(e ce y TOMerrHCMY - 'aKone Hac Hje~aH O~ cyrpaljaHa JeBpeja HarrYCTH-
Ben Haj6e36e~HHjH rrYT Ka tbHXOBoj HHTerpal.\HjH y rpaljaHcKH ~eMOKpaTCKH rrope~aK Cp6Hje. OHH cy Cp6Hjy Y XX BeKY HajBenHM ~eJIOM rrpHXBaTHJIH
TH H BpaTHTH ce y tbHXOBY 06enaHY 3eMlbY, aJIH MH neMo C TeIllHTH Ha~oM ~a ne HaM OHH OCTaBHTH 3aMaIllaH ~eo CBOjHX cp~aQa H rrOCTaTH HajjaqOM
Kao CBOjy oTaI,I6HHY jep je OHa rrpHXBaTHJIa tbHX. Pa~HJIH cy Ha tbeHOM Ha-
Be30M H3Meljy CJI060~HOr 113paHlba H Cp6Hje:"
rrpeTKY H jaqatbY, YJIaraJIH y tbeHY H3rpa~tbY H Mo~epHH3al.\Hjy, rrO~CTHl.\a-
1903-1918,
TaKO je 6HJIO H rrOCJIeIIpBor
CBeTCKor paTa. IIaJIaBecTpa Hac rro~cena:
Koje ce orrHcyje Kao '3JIaTHO~06a' Mo~epHe Cp6Hje, y Eeorpa~y je H3JIa3HJIO
"Y ~p)l(aBH Cp6a, XpBaTa H CJIOBeHaQa, OCHoBaHoj ~oroBopoM 1918. rO~HHe, JeBpejH KOjH cy )l(HBeJIH Meljy Cp6HMa 6HJIH cy 06yxBaneHH HCTHM
HeKOJIHKOjeBpejcKHx
YCTaBHHMrrpaBHMa H rpaljaHcKHM 06aBe3aMa Kao H CBH~pyrH ~p)l(aBlbaHH.
JIH rrpHBpe~HH paCT H KYJITypHY pa3HOBpCHOCT. Y pa3~06lbY
JIHCTOBa.IIIKoJIoBaHH JeBpejH rrOCTaJIH cy 3arra)l(e-
HH rpa~HTelbH Mo~epHor Eeorpa~a;
Bo~enH KtbH)I(ap H H3~aBaq y Cp6HjH
6HO je JeBpejHH fel.\a KOH (1873-1941).
l1cTaKJIH cy ce y jaBHHM CJIY)l(6aMa,
a~BoKaTypH, 6aHKapcTBY, ~pyrnTBeHoM pa~y, ~HrrJIOMaTHjH, HOBHHapcTBY
IhHXOB rroJIo)l(aj y rroKpajHHaMa ca cprrcKHM H MeIIIOBHTHM CTaHOBHHIllTBOM - y Cp6HjH, BOjBO~HHH, EOCHH H XepQeroBHHH H UPHOj fOpH - 3aBHCHOje BHIlle o~ JIOKaJIHHXHaBHKa H y06HqajeHHx O~Hoca y orrxoljetby rrpeMa jeBpej-
H KtbH)I(eBHOCTH; rro Tpa~Hl.\HjH, H3~p)l(aJIH cy rrpBa MeTa Meljy JIeKapHMa
cKOj MatbHHH Hero O~ rrpaBHHX rrporrHca IllTO HX je HOBa BJIaCTrroKyrnaBa-
H arrOTeKapHMa. Y BpeMe aHeKCHOHeKpH3e 1908. rO~HHe JeBpejH H3 Cp6H-
JIa ~a YBe~e y ~p)l(aBH qHjH cy HapO~H ~OTa~ )l(HBeJIH y qeTHpH pa3JIHqHTe
je rr03BaJIH cy JeBpeje CBeTa ~a rrpeKo CBOjHx BJIa~a YJIo)l(e o~roBapajyne rrpoTecTe rrpoTHB Tora qHHa aycTpoyrapcKe ~p)l(aBHe caMOBOlbe. Y EaJIKaH-
~p)l(aBe - rrope~ Cp6Hje H UpHe fope, y paHHje HerrpHjaTelbcKoj TYPCKoj H
CKHM paToBHMa 1912-1913.
y pa3JIHqHTHM cpe~HHaMa, JeBpe}H cy Ben 1919. rO~HHe OCHOBaJIHje~HHcTBe-
BHIlle o~ 10% YKyrrHor 6poja JeBpeja y Cp6HjH
6HJIO je rro~ opY)l(jeM, a 6eorpa~cKa
aIllKeHaCKa orrIllTHHa caMa je orrpeMH-
AYCTPO-YrapcKoj. ,D;a6H 06je~HHHJIH 3aTeqeHH Heje~HaK O~HOCrrpeMa ce6H HH CaBe3 jeBpejcKHx BepoHcrroBe~HHx orrIllTHHa. HeKOJIHKOrO~HHa ~oQHHje
JIa l.\eJIYje~HY pe3epBHY 60JIHHl.\y 0 KOjOj cy ce 6pHHYJIe jeBpejcKe )l(eHe H3
(1923), 6eorpa~cKH pa6HH l1caK AJIKaJIaj rrOCTao je fJIaBHH pa6HH y ~p)l(aBH
xYMaHHTapHor ~pyrnTBa ',D;06POTBOp'. Y THM paToBHMa y cprrcKoj BOjCl.\H H3ry6HJIO je )l(HBOT Ha ~eceTHHe JeBpeja, rrope~ OCTaJIHX,KOtbHqKH rrOTrro-
H HMeHOBaH 3a ceHaTopa KpalbeBHHe Cp6a, XpBaTa H CJIOBeHaQa. ,D;oTa~aIlltbH rroTrrpe~ce~HHK Eeorpa~cKe orrIllTHHe IIIeMaja ,D;eMajo rrOCTao je rro-
pyqHHK, TprOBal.\ MOIlla AMap, a Kao pe3epBHH KarreTaH a~BOKaT H rrpeBo~HJIaQ EeHKo ,D;aBHqo. Y 0~6paHH Eeorpa~a 1915. rO~HHe, rrpe~ HaJIeTOM
JIeoH KojeH, cYBJIaCHHK rr03HaTor CaHaTOpHjYM 'Bpaqap', rrOCTao je JIHqHH
HerrpHjaTelba rrpeKo CaBe H ,D;yuaBa, rrpBa je TeIllKO HaCTpa~aJIa H rropyrneHa
rrOpO~HqHH JIeKap Kpalba AJIeKCaH~pa H KpalbHQe MapHje.
cTapa H )l(HBOrrHCHa, cHpoMaIllHa jeBpejcKa ~OpnOJICKa MaxaJIa 'Ha JaJIHjH'.
CJIaHHKy Hapo~Hoj
cKyrrIllTHHH. YfJIe~HH rrpo
168 Y Beorpap;y je 1924. rop;HHe 3anO'IelIa H3rpap;lba HOBor alliKeHaCKor xpaMa, a 1930. y CapajeBY je nOAHrHYTa HajBeha H HajJIenllIa jeBpejcKa CHHarora Ha EaJIKaHY; lbY je 1941. rop;HHe pa30pHJIa HeMaIJ;a H YCTallia. Hanpep;aK CBHM 06JIaCTHMa. Hajnpe
jeBpejcKe
capajeBcKa
3ajep;HHIJ;e ocehao
Beh Y npB06HTHOM
3aTeqeHHX JeBpeja ca nop;pyqja
PYJba Ha nop;cTHl~aj
peryJIHCalbY
6HBlIIe AycTpo-YrapcKe,
H H3jaBaMa jeBpejcKHx
npaaKa
i:
.D:p ABpaM BHHaBep, pOP;OM H3 KpaKoBa,
.
anapaT
YqeCTBOBao y 6aJIKaHCKHM H IIpBOM cBeTCKOM paTY Kao
ce yna,l\JbHBO Y
onHcyje
TypcKe H EyrapcKe,
H 3arpe6a
y Cp6HjH.
1901. Ha6aBHo npBH peHp;reH
p;p)l(aBJbaHCTBa H APY-
paCIlOlIO)l(elbe BHAeJIo ce no nOHallialbY
H3 Eeorpap;a
-"f:
pe3epBHH Majop caHHTeTa. YMpO op; TH
a nOTOM H Y KacHHjeM CBe )l(HBJbeM jaBHoM, npHBpep;HoM, KymypHoM WTBeHOM )l(HBOTY. IIpeBJIap;aBajyhe
1·· ...'
169
KojH cY nOHOCHTO
xepojcTBo
cBoje HHlIIKe 6pahe:
"EHJIO je TO 3a BpeMe 6aJIKaHCKOr paTa 1912/13
rop;HHe, y KOMe caM yqe-
CTBOBao Kao P;06pOBOJbaIJ; ~ cryp;eHT Mep;HIJ;HHe- Kao JIeKapCKH nOMohHHK y BojHOj 60JIHHIJ;H ''BeJIe-Kyna' y HHlIIY. IIpHJIHKOM Moje npBe noceTe y OClIO60l)eHo .D:YllIaHOBOCKOnJbe, cpeo caM CBor 6HBlIIer lIIKOJICKOrp;pyra, Tap;a
TBpP;HJIH p;a je p;06ap JeBpejHH caMO oHaj KOje p;06ap JyroCJIOBeH H p;a cY 'jy-
aKTHBHor o
rOCJIOBeHCKH )l{HAoBH ~jeIJ;a JyroCJIaBHje',
nOCJIaHHK, KOjH je y CKynllITHHH nyu;ao Ha npep;cep;HHKa BJIap;e AP MHJIaHa
'JyroCJIOBeHH MojcHjeBe
Bepe'."
CTojap;HHOBHha). Moj ABpaMe,
JeBpejH naJIH 3a CJIo6o)J;YCp6Hje
Taj Moj p;pyr Taca ,[J;HHHh H3HeHap;HO Me je peqHMa:
CKOnJbe npe '6pahe'
Eyrapa!'
Taj lberOB '
IIeJIoco
cy
ce jYHa'lKH 60pHJIH 3a CJI060p;y Cp6Hje.
,,0 Cp6HMa,
0 HeKHMa
JeBpejHMa H aHTHceMHTH3MY, oneT" ("IIa-
JIaHKa
EBo jOlli HeKHX HMeHa H nop;BHra.
):(p VlrlbaT
cp6cKOj BpxollHOj KOMaHf(H, ~a 6H Kao JIeKap nOMarao.
YMpO
je Kap; je Ca3HaO p;a cy MYCBa TPH CHna y cp6CKoj BojCIJ;Hnana Ha COnyHCKOM
KOjHje 26 rO,l\HHa Y Cp6CKOj BOjCIJ;H6HO nopyqHHK
- TpynHH JIeKap, yqecrBoBao IIpBor
CBeTCKor. fop;HHe 1918. P;06HO je cency, HeryjyhH
.D:p CaMYHJIO IIonc IDeroBa
je Y CBHMpaToBHMa, op; Cp6cKo-6yrapcKor
AO
palbeHHKe, H YMpo.
6HO je JIeKap nOJbCKe 60JIHHIJ;e y paTY 1876-1878.
60nHHIJ;a 6HJIa Haj60Jbe ypel)eHa.
.D:p AJIeKcan,u;ap IIonc, CKOMcaHHTeTY op; 1912.]\0
HOCHnaIJ; TaKoBcKor KpcTa.
CHH CaMYHJIa IIonca, 6HO aKTHBaH JIeKap Y cp61918. 3a 3aCJIyre Op;JIHKOBaH3JIaTHOM Mep;aJbOM
3a peBHocHY CJIY)l(6y, Mep;aJbOM [(pBeHor IIeTpa I, HTp;.
KpcTa, 3JIaTHHM KpCTOM KpaJba
nOJbCKe 60JIHHIJ;e IllYMap;HjcKe P;HBH3Hje. YMpO op; neraBIJ;a y Eeorpap;y rop;HHe. HOBropop;cKH
npHqalbY
3BaHor 'CaJIaMOH eJI Apan'.
Mora p;pyra Tace, KOjH je 6HO lberOB KOMaHp;Hp, y OTCYP;HOj
60p6H KOP;KYMaHoBa nOqeJIH cy HalliH p;a op;cTynajy, a Halli IIeJIoc0
HHlIIKH
JeBpejH p;aJIH cy jOlli HeKOJIHKO)l(pTaBa y EalIKaHcKoM paTY: 1) Alliep ]leBH, pe3epBHH nopyqHHK, y MHpHO p;06a 6aHKapcKH qHHOBHHK H3 Eeorpap;a,
YMPO je Ha BojHOj P;y)l(HOCTH y Illmny.
ca lberOBOM <poTorpa
KpaTaK HeKpOJIOr aJI6YMY' EaJIKaH-
CKor paTa, t
2) 3p;paBKo HHCHM, KOlbHqKH nop;Hapep;HHK, cTapHjH 6paT 6pahe
H p;p EeHjaMHH HOBropop;cKH,
1915.
JIeKapH TH-
H3 HHllia,
KojH cy ce p;OIJ;HHje npeCeJIHJIH y Eeorpap;.
norHHYJIa cy Ha Mepp;apHMa
IIOCJIep;lba p;BojHIJ;a
npH jypHlliHOM Hanap;y Ha TypKe 3anap;HO op;
Bpalba:' je xepoje. H cehalba
PHqapp;y XOJI6pYKY, EepHapy
KyIIIHepy, EepHepy
KeJIKpaYTY, HTp;. Jep, "Cp6H MojcHjeBe
AHpH JIeBHjy, AnaHY
Bepe" cy TO 3aCJIY)l(HJIH3ajep;HHqKOM
MOqKe P;HBH3Hje II n03HBa, JIeKapH JIOrOpCKe 60JIHHIJ;e KOP;ceJIa ApTe, JIeqH-
60p60M
qy TpHa y 3p;paBY Hory, MacKHpaHoM y HHTeJIeKTyaJIIJ;a "par exellance':
.D:p JIeoH Bajc, JeBpejHH KOjH je pol)eH y IDyjoPKY, cTyp;Hpao y IIapH3Y, H 6HO JIeKap p;06po-
H CBO-
HH paHHje, HH KacHHje. Cap;, Kap; 06HaBJbajy cehalbe, 06HOBHhe Ha TO, ynpKoc CBeMY,ynpKoc BeCJIHjy KJIapKY, Mep;JIHH OJI6pajT,
JIH Cp6CKY BOjCKYY 6JIH3HHH BaJIOHe, npep; 0p;JIa3aK Ha Kp
HH-
CHM, TproBau;a H3 HHlIIa, KojH cy CTpeJbaHH 1942. Ha Ey6lbY KOP;HHlIIa; 3) JaKoB KapHh, 06yhap H3 HHlIIa, jep;aH op; 6pahe KapHha, lliTaMnapa
Cp6H cy OBO 3a60paBHJIH nop; KOMynH3MOM, Kap; cy 3a60paBHJIH
.D:p Pa<paHno EHl)epp;aHH, Y IIpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTY 6HO KOMaHp;aHT III
.D:p Mopp;exaj
no
'E,
p;a HHje 6HJIO Hallier '
3a Cp6Hjy. IIaMTHhe HX Cp6Hja ynpKoc
H JOBaHY Eaj
in
170
"Numerus
Jom MaJIO 0 Cp611Ma II TOJIepaHI~lIjll
clausus" rrpe ,IJ;pyror CBeTCKorpaTa
BJIaAa UBeTKOBJ1h-MaqeK
je, oKT06pa
1940, AOHeJIa HeKe aHTJ1jeBpej-
CKe ypeA6e, J13Met)y KojJ1X je 6J1JIa J1 ypeA6a 0 "numerus clausus" -y, TO jecT OrpaHJ1qaBalbY npaBa JeBpeja Ha IlIKOJIOBalbe. OBe ypeA6e cy AOHeTe nOA CHa)f(HJ1MCnOJblbJ1M npJ1TJ1CKOM,npe CBera HeMaqKe, jep je Ap)f(aBa KJIJ13J1JIaKa nOTnJ1CJ1BalbY TpojHor naKTa. MHOrJ1 cy OIllTpO pearOBaJIJ1 Ha OBe HeqOBeqHe ypeA6e,
na je "HJ111IKJ1 HOBJ1JIJ1CT"TJ1XAaHa nJ1cao y oA6paHY Cp6CKJ1X
CaAa, KaAa cy Cp6J1 npOrJIaIIIeHJ1 OA HeKJ1X 3a QYAOBJ1IIITaJ1 KpJ1Bn;e 3a CBa 3JIa OBora CBeTa 36J1Ba ce J1 npon;ec
npeTYMaQJ1Balba
HallIe J1CTOpJ1je,
Kojy Tpe6a npeACTaBJ1TJ1 Kao J1CTOpJ1jy pa360jHJ1Ka J1 y6J1n;a (OA MJ1JIOIIIa 06J1JIJ1ha AO faBpJ1JIa IlpJ1Hn;J1na, 3ap He?). MeAJ1jJ1 Koje nJIahajy pa3He "Met)YHapOAHe KpJ130reHe rpyne" J1 MohHJ1n;J1 KojJ1Ma je, no nOBOJbHJ1M n;eHaMa, CTaJIO AO cpnCKe J1MOBJ1He(pYAHJ1Ka TpenQa, Ha npJ1Mep) nOKYIIIaBajy
JeBpeja, y qJIaHKY KojJ1 ce nojaBJ10 nOA HaCJIOBOM"Cp6J1 - MojCJ1jeBn;J1":
Cp6CKOM HapOAY Aa HaMeTHY KpJ1BJ1n;y 3a QJ1TaBY J1CTOpJ1jy, AOKa3yjyhJ1 Aa
"HafJIallIyjeMo Aa cy HJ111IKJ1JeBpejJ1, Tj. Cp6J1 MojCJ1jeBn;J1 AaJIJ1 napaJIeJIaH Aeo AOnpJ1HOCa )f(J1BOTa, KpBJ1, MYKa J1 naTlbJ1, J1MOBJ1HeJ1 CHare,
je KHe3 JIa3ap 6J10 3aHecelbaK
y 60p6J1
"yI,I6eHJ1n;J1 reHOn;J1Aa': 3aTO HaM je Ba)f(HO CehaTJ1 ce J1CTOpJ1jeOHaKBe KaKBa
3a OCJI060t)elbe,
3a60paBJ1TJ1 cJIyqaj xaxaMa
KOCOBCKYoCBeTY J1 3a yjeAJ1lbelbe. ABpaMa
MJ1 HeheMo
EeHn;J10Ha, KOjJ1 HJ1je Typn;J1Ma OAao
MeCTO rAe ce 3aBepeHJ1n;J1 cacTajy, J1aKO MyqeH y rpaAY 0A aCKepa J1 CJ1HaHPallIJ1A-6era Aa OTKpJ1je rHe3AO xajAYKa, J1 npJ1MaMJbJ1BaH 3BeKOM J1 cjajeM AYKaTa HaBot)eH Ha J13Aajy, HJ1je TO yqJ1HJ10 J1 CTOjJ1qKJ1npJ1MJ10 MYKe, J1aKO cy ce OHJ1caKynJbaJIJ1 y lberoBoj Talbe JeBpeja pellleHO,
KyhJ1. / .. ./ KOA Hac je, y Hailloj CpeAJ1HJ1,nJ1-
MJ1 J1XHeMaMO. MJ1 J1MaMO Cp6e-MojcJ1jeBn;e.
je AaJIeKO TO KOA Hac peIIIeHO, Aa cy J1 Aen;a y Met)yc06Hoj
TaKO
J1rpJ1 J13ry6J1JIa
TepMJ1H 'QJ1¢YTJ1'. OHJ1 cy nOTnYHO aCJ1MJ1JIOBaHJ1, J1 AOKa3aHO BepHJ1 J1 Ap)f(aBJ1 J1 Han;J1jJ1. lhJ1XOBJ1 KanJ1TaJIJ1, YKOJIJ1KOJ1X J1Ma, HJ1CYHJ1 BeJIJ1KJ1, HJ1TJ1KOQe pa3BJ1TaK conCTBeHor HaIIIer KanJ1TaJIa. OHJ1 He 3aY3J1Majy HJ1 npJ1MapHa, HJ1 caMO YHOCHa MeCTa. TaMO, y n03J1BJ1Ma y KojJ1Ma ce HaJIa3e, OHJ1He HanaAHO J1 He rypajyhJ1
ce6e J1CnpeA ApyrJ1X BpIIIe J1 06aBJbajy
cBoje
J1 ¢aHaTJ1K, Hecnoc06aH
JIepaHn;J1jy': a Aa cy KlbJ1re nonYT lherOIIIeBor
3a "CY)f(J1BOT"J1 "TO-
"fopcKor
BJ1jeHn;a" MaJITeHe
je 6J1JIa, J1 QYBaTJ1AocTojaHcTBo CBor cehalba 3a 6YAyha nOKOJIelba. 3aTO heMO, Kp03 HeKOJIJ1KO,HeCJ1CTeMaTJ1QHOnopet)aHJ1X, aJIJ1 CMJ1CaOHO nOBe3aHJ1X 3anJ1Ca ApyrJ1X 0 HaMa, nOKYIIIaTJ1 Aa ce BpaTJ1MO CBOMJ1CTOpJ1jCKOMJIJ1KY,OA Kora HeA06pOHaMepHJ1n;J1 xohe Aa HanpaBe JeCTe JIJ1Beh QYJIJ1Aa: - je yrJIeAHJ1 npJ1naAHJ1K jeBpejcKe
3ajeAHJ1n;e Cp6J1je,
KapJ1KaTYPY· Jailla AJIMYJIJ1,
2002. rOAJ1He 06jaBJ10 KlbJ1ry ,,)I{J1BJ1J1 MpTBJ1: pa3rOBOpJ1 C JeBpejJ1Ma" (J13A· CJI060AaH MaIIIJ1h), y KOjoj ce HaJIa3e CBeAOQelba AOMahJ1x JeBpeja KOjJ1roBope 0 cBojJ1M cTpaAalbJ1Ma J1 naTlbaMa 3a BpeMe Han;J1CTJ1QKeoKynan;J1je, Kao J1 0 OAHOCYCp6a npeMa lbJ1Ma y Te cTpaIIIHe AaHe; - y TOj KlbJ13J1 MopJ1n; Mapn;J1 JIeBJ1, pe3epBHJ1 o¢J1n;J1p y KpaJbeBcKoj jyrOCJIOBeHcKoj Bojcn;J1, onJ1cyje KaKO cy MY Cp6J1 1941. nOMOfJIJ1 Aa npe)f(J1-
nOCJIOBe MJ1pHO J1 caBeCHO. BepCKJ1 He CTpQe, eKOHOMCKJ1He CMeTajy, COn;J1-
BJ1 AajyhJ1 MY JIa)f(He AOKYMeHTe J1 CKpJ1BajyhJ1 ra, J1 TBPAJ1 Aa cy AO 1942.
jaJIHO ocehajy, no oHoj HapoAHoj: ')I{J1BJ1 J1 Aaj ApyroMe )f(J1BeTJ1: HJ1 jeAaH y HJ1IIIY J1 MopaBcKoj 6aHOBJ1HJ1 He 6aBJ1 ce HJ1 npJbaBJ1M nOCJIOBJ1Ma J1JIJ1
6eorpaACKJ1 JeBpejJ1 cTpaAaJIJ1 caMO OA HeMaQKJ1X oKynan;J10HJ1X CHara, a He OA "AOMahJ1x J13AajHJ1Ka", "HeAJ1heBan;a": "MJ1 HJ1CMOHJ1KaKBe KOHTaKTe
n;pHOM 6ep30M J1 AO caAa HJ1je Ka)f(lbaBaH paAJ1 HeA03BOJbeHe cneKYJIan;J1je no pa3HJ1M ypeA6aMa ...
J1MaJIJ1ca CpnCKJ1M oKynan;J10HJ1M J1JIJ1KBJ1CJIJ1HIIIKJ1M cHaraMa y EeorpaAY· MJ1 CMOJ1MaJIJ1KOHTaKTe caMO ca HeMn;J1Ma, J1CKJbyqJ1BOca HeMn;J1Ma. Ja Ha-
TellIKe omY)f(6e
Koje ce AJ1)f(y npOTJ1B Met)YHapOAHor JeBpejcTBa He MO-
nOMJ1lbeM Aa Ha TaIIIMajAaHY HJ1je 6J1JIa HJ1KaKBa CTpa)f(a, a KOATOnOBCKJ1X
ryTepeTJ1TJ1 Han;J10HaJIJ13J1paHe MojCJ1jeBn;e, KojJ1 cy OArOBOpJ1JIJ1J1OArOBapa-
llIyna TBPAJ1MAa je 6J1JIa HeMaQKa BojHa CTpa)f(a, BepMaxT. HJ1cy 6J1JIJ1AOMa-
jy CBOjJ1MAp)f(aBHJ1M, Han;J10HaJIHJ1MJ1nOAaHJ1QKJ1M06aBe3aMa.
hJ1. Y JIoropy
AKO OAJ1jYM
Ha EalbJ1n;J1 TO je 6J1JIO nOA Cnen;J1jaJIHOM nOJIJ1n;J1jOM,aJIJ1 Ha
OArOBOpHOCTJ1J1Ma Aa AOCerHe Kora, oHAa TO Mopa naCTJ1 Ha OHe, KOjJ1Kp03
CTpeJbalbe cy J1XBOAJ1JIJ1HeMn;J1. J1Ma )f(J1BJ1XJIoropallIa,
20 rOAJ1Ha HJ1CYCTJ1fJIJ1Aa peryJIJ1IIIY cBoj oAHoIIIaj npeMa Ap)f(aBJ1, Koja J1M
Er3eKYTOpJ1 CBJ1XCTpaAaJIJ1X JeBpeja cy 6J1JIJ1HeMn;J1";
je AaJla IIIJ1pOKOrOCTOnpJ1MCTBO J1KojJ1Ma je HaIII je3J1K OCTao cTpaH J1lbJ1Ma J1 lbJ1XOBoj Aen;J1. Y HJ1IIIY J1XHeMa. MJ1 He MO)f(eMO OCYAJ1TJ1J1 J13ABOjJ1TJ1 Cp6e caMO 3aTO IIITO cy MojCJ1jeBn;J1 ..:'
nOCToje TpJ1 KlbJ1re.
- y J1CTOjKlbJ13J1, nJ1can; 1)opt)e JIe60BJ1h, pOAOM J13 COM60pa,
BeJIJ1 Aa
je OH y cpeAlboj IIIKOJIJ1ocehao aHTJ1CeMJ1TJ13aMKOAHeMan;a J1 Mat)apa, aJIJ1 "KO,U CPIlCKOf CTAHOBHJ1IllTBA HJ1KA,UA fA HJ1JE EJ1JIO" (J1CTJ1n;albe B. ,U.); - Aa je npo¢ecop
JaKoB ,UaHOH 3a BpeMe ,Upyror
CBeTCKor paTa )f(J1BeO
y Cp6CKOM OKpY)f(elbY J1 Aa cy ce Cp6J1 APY)f(J1JIJ1C JeBpejJ1Ma: "EJ1JIJ1 cy Ha
173
172 Harnoj
CTpaHH H KpHTHKOBanH
J13Y3eTHO lberOBY
cy 6J.l:nJ.l:npOTHB
H JOIII ABe jeBpejcKe
HH pH3HKOBaO A06J.l:TH";
rOBopehH
MeAHQHHCKOr
aKynTeTa
ca AnMynHjeM
J.l:CTaKaO: ,,3a JeBpeje
TO jeCT: "EHno
- Aa ,n;p MapKO
OA JeBpeja"
Cp6J.l:Ma MojcHjeBe
MHxaHnOBHh
3a npaBeAHocT,
3a qaCHOCT. Tpe6a
jeAHor
ApaI,IHja,
HapoAa
3a MHxajna
nopOAHQY
Aa HMajy
Ilocne
("Beqeplbe
JaHKOBJ.l:ha H3 HHIIIa,
6J.l:na ABopCKa
oBaj BJ.l:Te3 qOBeKOJby6Jba
HOBOCTH':
8. oKT06ap
oTnaAa 2002.
Ba)l(Ha
6HnH HanaAaHH
MJ.l:Ka HaM je 06e36eAJ.l:0
qeTa, Koja ce, cKyna
rOTOBY HHCTHTYQHOHanHe
H KojH je
nopOAHQe?
Il03HaT
nporOlbeHe.
ApaI,IHjJ.l:, H OAMax OA Ibera
H na)l(He
aHTHjeBpejcKe
(KaKO HaM nOAMehy
H CBe TO 6e3 HKa-
nerHTHMaQHje:' MHxaHnOBHha
nocTojana
npOTHB
HeMaQa?
Mp)l(lbe
y Cp6HjJ.l:,
pa3HH
"OA60PH
no-
3a JbYACKa
H3 TpcTeHHKa,
He n06J.l:jy y A06a
J.l:Aeje "HOBor eBponCKor
Ha KoneHO npeHoce
CBe lberOBe
("EKcnpec
neKapa
KojH je
Ka,n;a cy HaQHCTH
nopeTKa"?
AneKcaHPOMa,
nOBeCT 0 OBOM nneMeHHTOM na)l(HY enH,n;eMHjy
)l(J.l:TeJbe OA norpOMa
("fnac
Tp6ymHor jaBHocrn':
2002). 6e3 yonIIITaBalba
H aHanH3e,
- aKO je npaBH Cp6HH,
TO jecT aKO je YKopelbeH
CTO Aa OBaKBHM npHMepHMa yqe l.)aQH, HeKH Hac onTY)l(yjy
HapoAa
,n;a CMO OAYBeK 6J.l:nH 3BepH, y6J.l:n;e H KOJbaqH, y HOBOM, "nOnHTJ.l:qKH
HHKonaj
XHTnepa.
HeKa! KaKO peqe MapKo
Cp6J.l:, y cnaBY EO)l(Hjy,
H 'pHIIIhaHCKH AKO jecMo
3aKOH Hcn}'lhyjTe!
n;apCTBO H3ry6HnH,
,n;yme HaIIIe ry6HTH
3aBeTY. YMe-
HaIIIH Me,n;HjH J.l:Aa ce Ha IbHMa
Y KOMe CBeTH AnH,
TY cy Aa Hac no,n;ceTe nOA KanOM He6eCKOM
y CBeTocaBCKOM
6y,n;y HcnYlbeHH
Aa qHTaBY HaIIIY HCTOpHjy npeTYMaqe
HOM" KJbyqy
ca Cp6HMa,
npe,n;ce,n;HHK 3aje,n;HHn;e TpCTeHHqKHX
HHje Mp3HTeJb HHjeAHor
H xohe
cKyna
MHp H 6e36eAHOCT"
caMO Ha jeAHO: Cp6HH
"IlHjTe,
lbeMY JaKoB ,Z:(aHOH
IIIHpHnH
cBojeBpeMeHO
HH3 OBHX qHlbeHHn;a,
060)l(aBanan;
ApBa 3a orpeB
l.)eHepana
17. oKT06ap
Ha-
2003)?
POMe Aa HX HeMQH
THyca H TaKO cnacao
nOBHqy:
je 1999. ro,n;HHe Ha KOCOBYYHHIIITe-
qOBeKY, KojH je y pOMCKOM HaCeJbY npornaCHO
cny-
0
Kymypa
3a ,n;p CaBY CTaHojeBJ.l:ha
orlbeM
06ene)l(ja,
27. jYH 2003).
H3 TIpJ.l:IIITHHe npoTepanH,
HCTaKao je ,n;aOHH C KoneHa
J.l:MOBHHY H YMPO je 0A
Ha CBOM HMaIbY, AaTOM Y 3a-
ca Cp6J.l:Ma, 60pHna
Aa nH AaHac HMa npaBe
HaTanHje,
jeMHore
rOAJ.l:He).
ce MHKH
nacYJba, IIIehepa,
,Z:(anH CTe 3HanH ,n;aje y jeAHHHQaMa
o TOMe
Aa je Bpno
aBrycT
TpCTeHHqKe
IIIHpOM EBpone
jep y KaaHJ.l:HJ.l:je XTeo Aa
paTa, KOMYHHCTH cy MY 0AY3enH
CBeAoqJ.l:: ",Z:(OIIInH CMO y HJ.l:III, jaBHnH
H jeBpejcKa
cnacao
23-24.
,Z:(anH CTe qynH
Y CBaKOM
J1Ma 3eMaJba
3aje,n;HHQa 6Hna CTapa neT CTOTHHa ro,n;HHa? AQa
0 TOMe Ka)I(e: "JeBpejcKa
Aap MHTpoBHh,
KaeJ,IJ1jy J.l:TproBQa,
jeBpejcKe
qHja je TaMOIIIlba
("HOBOCTH",
nopyme-
HCKpCHe no-
HnH CnOBaqKoj.
Ha, J.l:TO HaKOH IIITO cy HaBOAHO 3aBna,n;anH
cnacao
036HJb-
HnaK HeM a - CBe cy TO
CBaKa BepCKa 3ajeAHHQa.
qHM cHl.)eIII C B03a J.l:BHAe TBoja jeBpejCKa
3HaTe nH Aa cy IllHnTapH
CHHrep
HanaAa
Hero y Mal.)apcKoj
UOlbe, lyge. OBAe ce TO He Aoral.)a"
"HaAaM
CBera TO Ha YMYTpe-
AaMa KpaJbHQe
JaKOBa ,Z:(aHOHa J.l:Apyre
,n;06HnJ.l: Kyhy, I,IaK 6paIIIHa, KBe HaAoKHaAe.
Ilpe
y KojHMa,
rp06JbY
CnOMeHJ.l:Ka, 6Hno je Tora H y EeorpaAY,
rpaHT ... OpraHH30BaHHX
HX je Malbe
CTaB npeMa
KOjJ.l:HCTO TaKO HHje KPHB J.l:KOjH je HCTO
CpqaHOr YAapa, 6e3 neH3J.l:je, Kao "qYBap Kyn"
Y
Ha YMY Aa He MO)l(e Qeo
OKpHBJbyjy.
3a BpeMe paTa 6aBHO ce caMO TprOBHHOM, )l(H HeMQe.
OqH-
H TO QenH HapOA, 6e3 KpJ.l:BHQe. He 6J.l:CMenJ.l: caA Aa
qHja je MajKa CynTaHHja
Kao MHKa
HanycTJ.l:TH,
CTpaHe. He,n;aBHO je Ha HOBocaACKOM
eKCQeCH C KOjHM ce cpehe
MHoro
nonHTHKa':
3ajeAID1Qe":
KojH cY ABa MHneHJ.l:jYMa HenpecTaHo
npOralbaHJ.l:,
npHXBaTHO
TBPAJ.l: Aa
Y cBeTY noj-
norpeIIIaH
nojeAHHaqHH cnyqajy,
y OBOj cpeAHHH
OBe BpCTe, npH qeMY caM cna,n;aM y JbYAe KOjH cy CKnOHH Aa 0
CBeMY cYAe ca A06pe
H JeBpeje,
YHHBep3HTeTa
JeBpejH
nonHTHQJ.l: T3B. "Mel.)YHapoAHe KpyrOBJ.l: Y cBeTY KOjH HMajy
jeAaH HapoA 6HTH KPHB Kao IIITO Cp6e
,Z:(anH CTe qynH
anH Y
HHje 6HO H3,n;ajHHK;
YCKOPO YBJ.l:,n;eTH,n;a Taj CTaB Tpe6a
cYAenyjy Y nporoHY TaKO nporalbaH";
OA Tora,
Kao napTH3aH,
POT, ca J.l:nOcocKor aKynTeTa
MJ.l:TH3nO Y aHTHcp6cKoj ce Aa he OHH jeBpejcKH
6a Aa J.l:Majy JeBpejH,
H JbYAH
KaKO je Eeorpa,n; ,,6HO npBH BenHKJ.l: rpaA EBpone
H Aa l.)eHepan
AP
y Cp-
Bepe HnH cpn-
MO)l(Aa J.l:rope
Y OBOj KIbH3J.l: J.l:3pa3J.l:0 Bepy Aa he nojeAHHH
H cTpaIIIHo
Haj60Jbe CBeAOqH pa6HH J1caK ACHen: "HeMa
HO HeKonHKO jeBpejcKHx
HH KO,n;,Z:(Bopa HH KO,n;BnaAa";
AHa, qHjH je 6paT norHHYO
- Aa je AP HHKona
60p6a
y Eeorpa,n;y,
je npe paTa y Cp6J.l:jJ.l: nojeAHHaQa
nOnJ.l:THQH Tora HHje 6Hno,
cy ce HeMQH XBanHnH
Cp6HMa
,Z:(aHOH Ka)l(e Aa je AOTHq-
npoecop
KojJ.l: cy ce ,n;eKnapHCanJ.l: Aa He Bone JeBpeje,
EeorpaAY,
npaBa"),
HHX np06neMa
HM ,,6e3 J.l:KaKBe MaTepHjanHe
y pa3rOBOpy
ce qeCTO qYTH,n;a HX Ha3HBajy
CKHM JeBpejHMa':
IIIheH
HeMQJ.l:Ma.
KOjH je cnacao
HeKaA HenpHjaTaH
- Aa je n03HaTH
cnY)I(6eHoj
npeMa
0 Cp6HHY
nOpOAJ.l:Qe, npoecop
CBOjy nOpOAJ.l:QY H nOMOraO
MaKCJ.l:M IllTepHHh, 6J.l:jH Morno
H nOKa3J.l:Bamr HerOAoBalbe HeMaQa";
HeMojMO:'
Cp6CKH,
3aTOqeHHK
KopeKT-
,Z:(axaya, nocTaje
KpaJbeBHh:
.
174
175
Ko je rOHHO JeBpeje y Cp6HjH? Ko HX je CKpHBaO? AHJ:\pHja faMc, JeBpejHH, y CBojoj KlhH3H "Tparalhe qaH HCTOpHjCKHnYT jeBpejcTBa"
Ka)l(e: "Mopa
3a EoroM / Tpam-
ce HarJIaCHTH J:\acy CTpeJba-
KOHOM.3aTOqeHH, jOIll y Behoj MepH Hero y HeMaqKHM KOHQeHTpaQHOHHM
Ha CajMHIIITY
noropHMa 6HnH cy nOTnYHO npenYIIITeHH CaMOBOJbHYCTaIlla KOjH cy oJ:\pe-
cy TaKo1)e BpIIIHnH
1)HBanH HaqHH lhHXOBor 3nOCTaBJbalha H 'nHKBHJ:\aQHje'. TIocTojana je caMO-
lha JeBpeja y Cp6HjH BpUIJ1nH HCKJbyqHBO HeMQH, noropoM ynpaBJbanH cy HeMQH H nHKBHJ:\aQHjy HejaqH y noropy
HOB. 1941. r. To je 6Hno 'ynytlHBalhe oc06e Ha npHcHnHH60paBaK y ca6HpHe H paJ:\He norope' qHje je Tpajalhe, 6e3 npaBa Ha )l(an6y, oJ:\peJ:\HnoYCTaIIIKO peJ:\apcTBo. Ho '60paBaK' y THM noropHMa HHje HMao Be3e HH ca KaKBHM 3a-
HeMQH. TInaHoBe 3a CBeOBOTaKo1)e cy npaBHnH HeMQH, HeJ:\HheBa 'CpnCKa
BOJbaH caJ:\HCTHqKOH)I(HBJbaBalhe H y HeMaqKHM noropHMa,
CTpa)l(a' H JbOTHheBQH cnY)l(HnH cy caMO Kao nOMohHHQH y TOMe (ypyqelhe n03HBa, J:\OCTaBa0 JeBpejHMa H CnHqHo):'
paJ:\Hno BHIlle 'HHJ:\YCTPHjCKH'.Y YCTaIIIKHM noropHMa, Me1)YTHM,caJ:\HCTHq-
HnaK ce TaMO
KO H)I(HBJbaBalhe HaJ:\)l(pTBaMa, Knalhe, y6Hjalhe MaJbeM, eKcepHMa, 6aQalhe
A IIITa ce J:\eIllaBano y TIaBenHheBoj XpBaTcKoj? qyjMO AHJ:\pHjy faMca:
y jaMY nonY)l(HBHX JbYJ:\H,Tepalhe )l(pTaBa J:\aMyqe H y6Hjajy jeJ:\HHJ:\pyre H
"YcTaIIIKa J:\p)l(aBaje 6Hna npOrJIaIlleHa anpHna 1941, a Beh 1. Maja HCTe
OCTanH Beh n03HaTH HaqHHH peanH3aQHje MpaqHe JbYJ:\CKearpeCHBHOCTH - 6HnH cy onIIITa npaKca:'
rOJ:\HHeJ:\OHeTje '3aKoH 0 pacHoj npHnaJ:\HocTH' H '3aKoH 0 3aIIITHTH apHjeBCKeKPBH H qaCTH xpBaTCKor Hap0J:\a'. OBH 3aKOHH cy 6HnH CKOpOJ:\ocnOBHa
II1cTopHqap MHnaH PHCTOBHhy KlhH3H "Y nOTpa3H 3a YTOqHIIITeM / Jy-
1941-1945": ",UOK je y H,UX
KonHja HaQHCTHqKHX HHpH6epIIIKHX 3aKOHa. II1cToBpeMeHo je J:\oHeT'3aKOH
rocnOBeHCKH JeBpejH y 6eKCTBY OJ:\xonoKaycTa
npOTHB IIIHpelha na)l(HHX rJIaCOBa0 T060)l(lhHM nporOHHMa ..: H Taj '3aKOH' je HCTOBpeMeHOqHHHO JeBpeje KoneKTHBHO OJ:\rOBopHHM3a 'IIIHpelhe na)l(HHX
YCTaIIIKa BnaCT caMa nOKpeHyna H B0J:\Hna TY onepaQHjy
(y6Hjalha JeBpeja,
Han. B. ,U.), Y Cp6HjH je OHa 6Hna y HaJ:\ne)l(HOCTHHeMaqKHX oKynaQHOHHX
rJIaCOBa'.IJ;HHH3aMjOIll ropH Hero K0J:\HeMaQa. A 10. Maja J:\OHeTje '3aKoH 3a
BnaCTH:' lI1aKo cy HeMQH 22. J:\eQeM6pa 1941. npoIIHcanH
HaJ:\30pHaJ:\)l(HJ:\oBHMa',KOjHM je HCToBpeMeHo cTBapaHa HapOqHTa YCTaIIIKa nonHQHja 3a JeBpeje. 22. Maja je 6Hno nponHcaHo J:\aJeBpejH Hoce ')I(HJ:\oBcKe
CBe Cp6e KOjH cKpHBajy JeBpeje, TaKBHX cnyqajeBa je 6Hno, H TO He Mano.
3HaKoBe' - )l(YTY TKaHHHY ca J:\aBHJ:\OBOM 3Be3J:\OMH cnOBOM ')I{'; nOTnYHo
JIOHJ:\OHYJ:\a,aKO "JeBpejH jOIll YOIIIIITe MOry HeKaKO J:\a)l(HBe, aKO ce TO 30Be
je, J:\aKne,YCTaIIIKa J:\P)l(a.BanpeY3ena aHTHceMHTcKY TeopHjy H npaKcy. HeMaqKHX HaQHCTa. To ce BHJ:\eno H no TOMe IIITO cy OJ:\MaxnOqenH J:\axance,
)l(HBOT, HMajy J:\a3axBane CBojHM cyrpa1)aHHMa HejeBpejHMa KOjH r;ieJ:\ajy Aa
nJbaqKajy H y6Hjajy JeBpeje. JeJ:\aHMeT0J:\nJbaqKe je 6Hno nponHCHBalhe T3B. 'KOHTPH6YQHje' 3a JeBpeje: yxancHnH6H
y HeKOM rpaJ:\Y HajBH1)eHHje JeBpe-
CMPTHYKa3HY 3a
II1caK AnKanaj, BpXOBHH pa6HH JyrocnaBHje, nHcao je KpaJbeBcKoj BnaCTH y
HM Ha 6Hno KOjH HaqHH nOMOrHY H onaKIllajy ,Up JIaBocnaB fne3HHrep
lhHXOBY TeIIIKY CYJ:\6HHY':
nHcao je 2. HOBeM6pa 1945. rOJ:\HHeJ:\acy "y
Cp6HjH cKpHBanH CeJbaQHHe caMO )l(HJ:\OBCKYJ:\jeQY,Hero H oJ:\pacne oc06e
je Kao 'TaOQe' C THM J:\acy 3anpeTHnH lhHXOBHM CTpeJbalheM aKO JeBpejH
y cBojHM J:\oMOBHMacaJ:\aCBehHM, caJ:\aCMalhHM ycnjexoM, anH J:\06pa BOJba
rpaJ:\a He caKyne OJ:\pe1)eH,H TO Hecpa3MepHO BenHKH H3HOC. TaKo Hnp. y 3arpe6y nOqeTKOM Maja nponHcanH cy H3HOCy BenHqHHH BpeJ:\HOCTH100
HapoJ:\a J:\acnaCH )l(pTBe nporOHa, 6Hna je OqHrJIeJ:\Ha': MHnaH PHCTOBHh YKa3yje Ha TO J:\aCKpHBalhe JeBpeja y Cp6HjH HHje
Kr. 3naTa, Tj. npeKO 100 MHnHOHa npeJ:\paTHHX J:\HHapa. Y OCHjeKY anpHna
6HO caMO nojeJ:\HHaqHH qHH, Hero J:\eno 3ajeJ:\HHQe,jep je TaKBO CKpHBalhe
MeceQa 6HnH cy CKPOMHHjH,Tpa)l(HnH cy 'caMo' 20 MHnHOHa J:\HHapa.CBe Te
nOJ:\pa3YMeBanoqHTaBY rpyny ,,3aBepeHHKa': KOjH cy cKyna pH3HKOBaJIH)l(H-
'KOHTPH6,'QHje' cy 6Hne HcnnaheHe, HO TO HHje nOMOrJIOJ:\ace YCKOPOnocne
BOTe J:\a6H nOMOrJIH nporOlheHHMa.
PHCTOBHh BenH: "TIoMoh je npY)l(aHa
1941. rpaJ:\cKa H cpecKa
npHjaTeJbHMa, qnaHOBHMa lhHXOBHX nop0J:\HQa, anH, y HajBeheM 6pojy no-
'nOrJIaBapCTBa' npeY3HMana cy H 'no 3aKoHY' ynpaBY jeBpejcKHM HenoKpeTHOCTHMaH OCTanOMHMOBHHOM,a aBrycTa 1942. 3aKOHCKHje caHKQHOHHca-
3HaTHX cnyqajeBa (KaJ:\je Cp6Hja y nHTalhY, 3a lheHO nOJ:\pyqje je HajBHIlle
HO 0J:\Y3HMalhe HMOBHHe H CBHMMpTBHM JeBpejHMa, jep )l(HBHX BHIlle jeJ:\Ba
6efYHQH npeJ:\ onacHoIllhy
J:\aje H 6Hno. EocaHcKH JeBpejH cy npoIllnH
MeCTHMa, Koje cy HX npeJ:\aBane Kao HeKY BPCTY HajBehe 3ajeJ:\HHqKe CBeTH-
Tora 0J:\Y3MeCBa OCTana HMOBHHa JeBpeja. ABrycTa
Ha HCTH HaqHH Kao H xpBaTcKH.
J:\ocTynHHx npHMepa),
peq je 0 Hen03HaTHM JbYJ:\HMa.qecTo cy jeBpejcKH MelhanH H no J:\eceTaKnop0J:\HQa y pa3nHqHTHM
Ha npHMep, y CapajeBY J:\OKpaja 1942. OJ:\10.500 JeBpeja 6Hno je 0J:\BeJ:\eHO y
lhe H TajHe:'
norope HnH y6HjeHo y caMOM rpaJ:\Y 9.000, a OJ:\0J:\BeJ:\eHHXce BpaTHno CBera 40 nHQa.
KpHO je y CBOjOj BHnH y HHIIIKoj
PaJ:\HnaKIller YHHIIITaBalha JeBpeja H y H,UX cy 6HnH OCHOBaHHKOHQeHTpaQHoHH noropH,
HaKO ce 3aKOH 0 lhHXOBOM oCHHBalhY nojaBHo TeK 21.
EHBIIIH npeJ:\ceJ:\HHKBnaJ:\eIJ;BeTKoBHh-MaqeK,
,UpamIlla
IJ;BeTKoBHh,
EalhH TPH qnaHa jeBpejcKe IIop0J:\HQe Ka-
TaH. MHHHCTap paJ:\ay BnaJ:\HHeJ:\HheBoj, TIaHTa ,UpaIIIKHh, reHepan y neH3HjH, cnacao je CBor paTHor J:\pyra, nYKOBHHKa ABpaMa Eepaxy, KOjH je paT
176
177
npe)l(HBeO y Eeorpa}\y. ,lJ,pXyra KnajHa CKpHBalIH cy lberOBe KOlIere, lIeKapH, no pa3HHM 6eOrpa}\CKHM 601IHHQaMa. ,lJ,pMHpOClIaB CToja}\HHOBHn, 'lHjH je CTaH 6HO y 61IH3HHH fecTanoa,
H PYKOBO}\HOBelIHKHM CTpeJbalbHMa y
14 rO}\HHa,}\a ce jaBe 360r HeKor caonllITelba. CBH cy noxanllIeHH
H KacHHje
crracao je OKO 80 JeBpeja. Je}\aH Cp6CKH 'lHHOBHHK cnacao je 70 JeBpeja H3
CTpeJbaHH.OnepaQHjoM CTpeJbalba Ha Ey6lbY KO}\ HHllIa )laHa 19.2.1942, Ka-
KYPllIYMlIHje, jaBJbajynH HeMQHMa }\a HX HeMa y rpa}\CKHM XOTelIHMa, H pacnopel)yjynH HX no celIHMa y TonlIHQH.
}\a cy y6HjaHH H jeBpejcKH }\e'laQH H cTapQH, KOMaH}\OBaOje llIe
O}\
1942, 1136erlIH'lKY rpyrry O}\ 40 JIHQa
XaMep. )KeHe H }\eQa O}\Be)leHH cy Ha CajMHllITe. flIaBHH KPHBQH 3a y6Hjalbe JeBpeja HHllIKor Kpaja 6HlIH cy HeMa'lKH 0
Ha KonaoHHKY, y celIY ,lJ,aHKolmne, 'lYBao je H xpaHHo TIpe}\par BacHn. BacHn
EPHXO, )lP E)lyap}\ XaHKe, XaMep H je}\aH Cp6CKH H3PO}\, llIe
Ka)I(e: "CBe llITO caM }"lHHHO JeBpejHMa cMaTpao caM 3a cBOjy naTpHoTcKY
nOlIHQHje, MHpKO )KHBaHoBHn.
98 AYllIa:' Y O}\lIyQH }\a npMMH JeBpeje.
}\y)l(HOCT, a npeKo MeHe je npellIlIo
YBeK H cBy}\a je 6HlIO H3pO}\a. Y KlbH3H ,,)KHBH H MPTBH" MopHQ-Map-
no}\p)l(ao ra je BojBoAa KocTa TIenaHaQ, a Ka}\ ce TIenaHaQ cnopa3YMeo ca
QH JIeBH je npH'laO 0 HeKOM EelbaMHHoBHny,
HeMQHMa, 3allITHTY JeBpeja npepeo
CneQHjalIHoj
je BojBO}\a KecepoBHn.
nOlIHQHjH y Eeorpa}\y
JeBpejHHY, KOjH je pa}\HO y
H nOXBaTao orpoMaH
6poj JeBpeja. A
Je}\aH 0
AQa CHHrep, KOjH je 6HO y AYllIBHQY, Ka)l(e }\a je TaMO BH}\eO ,,}\a HHCY6allI
TIOlIHQHjcKH nHcap JOBaH'lHn je lbeMY H lberOBHM pol)aQHMa }\ao lIa)l(He lIe-
JeBpejH yonllITe HHCY6HlIH QBenKe, Hero cy capal)HBalIH ca HaQHCTHMa.Je}\-
rHTHMaQHje, a CBellITeH:l1K,lJ,paroJby6 MHlIaHoBHn }\O UpHe fope H MTalIHjaHa.
HOM pe'ljy, aKO je H Mel)y JeBpejHMa 6HlIO CypOBHX rOHHTeJba JeBpeja, 3ap
HM je 06e36e}\HO BO}\H'le
CBHJeBpejH }\06PH JeBpejH, H }\a je 'laK H nOHeKH HeMaQ 6HO }\06ap': KanoH
HX HHje 6HlIO H Mel)y Cp6HMa KOjH cy nora3HlIH CBOjy 'laCT H 06pa3? AlIH,
TIopO}\HQa elbeKpH,IIa ce OKOCTy}\eHHQe: "CBHM IbHXOBHM }\OManH-
BenHHcKH, Cp6CKH HapO}\ je 6HO Y3 nporolbeHe.
AQa CHHrep ce cena KaKO cy
HHMa 6HlIO je n03HaTO }\a KpHjy jeBpejcKY nOp0}\HQY; CeJbaQHMaje}\HHO HHje
HX 1I0KalIHH Mal)apH, Ka}\ cy HX HeMQH H3 BojBO}\HHe nOTepalIH y AYllIBHQ,
6HlIO jaCHo 360r 'lera HeMQH nporoHe JeBpeje. CaMa 'lHlbeHHQa Aa cy nporolbeHH, qeCTOje 6HlIa O}\lIyqyjyna }\a CeJbaQHoTBope cBoje Kyne 3a jeBpejcKe 6eryHQe': Ka)I(e PHcToBHn.
rOBopHlIH: "HeMojTe
,lJ,aHHQaJOBaHoBHn H3 Eeorpa}\a npHMHlIa je y nponene Kpayc-Bajc
1942. EnaHKY
H lbeHor }\BOrO}\HllIlber CHHa. HHKa}\a HX npe Tora HHje BH}\elIa.
Cp6H cy 'lYBalIH H jeBpejcKY AeQY. JYlIHja KeMelbHja je KpHlIa nopoAHQa lberOBor llIKOlICKor Apyra AlIeKCaH}\pa TIejHna; Manor CTe<paHa PHJlMaHa 'lYBalIa je nOp0}\HQa Ta6aKoBHn y Cy60THQH ... Cp6CKH CBellITeHHQH cy 06aBJbalIH lIa)l(Ha BeH'lalba JeBpejKaMa.
H }\aBalIH lIa)l(He KpllITeHHQe JeBpejHMa H
HX BpaTHTH, HOCHTe JeBpeje, HeMojTe HX BpaTHTH': a
MHorH JeBpejH cy MHClIHlIH}\a
cy HM Mal)apH npHjaTeJbH. Tora cy Cp6HjH
HHje 6HlIO. Cp6H ce HHCY pa}\OBalIH CMpTH KOMllIHja. A OH}\a cy }\OllIlIH KOMYHHCTH,KOjH HHCY HMalIH 063Hpa HH npeMa KOMe. TIpe CBera, PYllIHlIH cy xpaMOBe H nJbyaalIH CBeTHlbe conCTBeHor Hapo}\a, alIH HHCYnOllITe}\elIH HH }\pyre. EBO llITa nHllIe 0 O}\HOCYnpeMa HHllIKOj CHHarOrH TIellIa fe}\aJba 22.9.1949.
rO}\HHe y nHcMY CaBe3Y JeBpejcKHx on-
llITHHa JyroclIaBHje (fe}\aJba je, HHa'le, 3axBaJbyjynH TOMe llITO je ca Cp6CKHM BojHHQHMa 6HO y HeMa'lKOM 3ap06JbeHHllITBY, npe)l(HBeO nOKOJbcBoje HHllIKe 6pane):
flIaBHe Hanope 3a HCTpe6Jbelbe JeBpeja y Cp6HjH YlIO)l(HlIH cy HeMQH, npeTBopeHH y HaQHCTe.To HHje HMallO Be3e ca Cp6HMa H Cp6CKOM UpKBOM.
"OBHM Bac H3BellITaBaM }\a npe}\pMeTe
HeKe Mepe KO}\ MepO}\aBHHX, Te
}\a nHllIeTe TaKol)e y HHllI 061IacHoj KOHTpOlIH }\a npe}\Y3Me Mepe H }\a H3al)e
HapaBHo, HHKO He cnopH }\a je 6HlIO Cp6CKHX}\OCTaBJba'la, CTpa)l(apa, nOlIH-
Ha lIHQe MeCTa}\a BH}\H llITa je HanpaBJbeHO O}\ HallIe CHHarore y Kojy ce CHna
QajaQa KOjH cy yqecTBoBalIH y TOM cpaMHOM "nOClIy': HHKO He cnopH }\a cy
)l(HTO. HanpaBHlIH
cy MaraQHH 3a )l(HTO, a }\a HHCY nHTalIH HHKora, Hero cy
06jaBJbHBaHH npoTHByjeBpejcKH
CaMOBOJbHO pelIH.
Ja caM }\aHaC clIyqajHo Ha YlIHQH 'lYO }\a ce y jeBpejcKY QP-
TeKCTOBHy oKynaQHOHoj llITaMnH. AlIH.
TOje 6HlIa npOnaraH}\a 06aBe3Ha 3a oKynHpaHe, Kao llITO ce nO)l BH)lJbHBOM
KBY CHna )l(HTO, na caM O}\MaX OTHllIao }\a ce yaepHM }\a lIH je TO Ta'lHO. YBe-
H HeBH)lJbHBOM oKyrraQHjoM AMepHKaHaQa Mopa nHcaTH 0 60p611 npOTl'lB HClIaMCKor TepopH3Ma OlIH'leHOr y EHH JIa}\eHY.
pHO caM ce }\a je TaKO llITO ce no BapOllIH npH'la. YnHTao caM clIY)l(6eHHKa KOjH npHMa )l(HTO O}\ Kora cy OHHy OBOj QPKBH H KO HM je H3}\ao. Ka)l(e }\a je
HeMQH HHCY 6HlIH rnaBHe y6HQe caMO y Eeorpa}\y, HO H }\pyr}\e.
lIH'lHO llIe
Y HHllIY je nocTojao
Bac }\a npe}\Y3MeTe CTpore Mepe no TOMnpe}\MeTY, jep je cpaMOTa}\a ce y Ha-
1I0rop Ha UpBeHOM KPCTY, 'lHjH je npBH KOMaH-
)laHT 6HO AYCTpHjaHaQ P06epT CaQeplIajH, ClIHKap. OH je OCHOBao JIorop
1lI0j cBeToj CHHarorH Koja je jOllI OCTalIa Kao je}\aH )l(HBH cnOMeHHK Ha }\aTe
178
179
)l(pTBe, CMaOY HHllIY OKO600, 0)1;Tor CBeTor MeCTa HanpaBH Maral.\HH. Ja Bac MOJIHMKao po1)eHH je)l;HHH HHllIJIHja )l;aTY CTBap Y3MeTe 036HJbHO,jep ne Me
Y CTY)l;HjH XV llITaMnaHoj 0)1;cTpaHe H3paeJICKOr MeMopHjaJIHOr MY3eja {Israel Memorial Museum), Yad Vashem, 1983, KpHCTocpep P. EpaYHHHr R. Browning)
rpHCTH caBeCT H rp060BH Ha Ey6lbY llITa ce qHHH 0)1;HallIer xpaMa. MeBopax
(Christopher
je Y cBoje BpeMe O)l;06pHO )l;a [pa)l;. H. O. nonpaBH xpaM H )l;a ra KOpHCTH 3a
welbe y Cp6HjH"
npe)l;aBalba HJIH Mysej, TaKO )l;a xpaM oneT 6Y)I;e CaqYBaH Kao cenalbe. Ja ce CJIa)l(eM)l;a ce )l;a y Te cBpxe Kao MY3ej HJIH 3a O)l;p)l(aBalbe Ce)l;HHl.\a.MorJIo ce HanH TOJIHKaMeCTa )l;a ce CMeCTeHeKOJIHKOBarOHa )l(HTa. MOJIHM )l;a Me 0
"Y
cYMHpa cBoja oTKpHna y qJIaHKY, "KOHaqHO pe(The Final Solution in Serbia):
Cp6HjH er3eKYTopH cy 6HJIH npHMapHo HeMaqKH BOjHH nepCOHaJI,
He CC Tpyne ... CTpeJbaqKH BO)l;OBHcy )l;eJIOBaJIHnO)l;H3rOBopOM H3BpllIaBalba penpeCaJIHja 3a ry6HTKe HaHeceHe 0)1;CTpaHe napTH3aHa, He ca OTBopeHOM HaMepOM YHHllITelba l.\eJIOKynHe jeBpejcKe nonYJIal.\Hje. HecHrypHoCT
CBeMYO)l;Max H3BeCTHTe, a ja ny HacTojaTH )l;a O)l;Max Hcnpa3He xpaM:'
OKOKOHaqHOr l.\HJbaH HaMepe Hal.\H-jeBpejcKe nOJIHTHKe,HHje ce npO)l;Y)l(aBa-
AJIH, TO cy pa)l;HJIH KOMYHHCTH,a He npaBOCJIaBHH Cp6H.
JIa, KaKO 6HJIO. I1pe)l(HBeJIH jecelbH MacaKp, yrJIaBHOM )l(eHe H )l;el.\aCMellITeHH cy y KOHl.\eHTpal.\HOHH JIOfOp CeMJIHH (3eMYH) O)l;Max npeKO peKe CaBe,
11 jom jeJJ;HOM: KOje y611jao JeBpeje y Cp6l1jll?
C)l;pyre CTpaHe CaBe 0)1;Eeorpa)l;a H 6e3 063Hpa Ha )1;06H nOJI 6HJIH y6HjaHH y raCHHM KaMHOHeTHMa y npoJIene 1942:'
EHBllIH npe)l;Ce)l;HHKJeBpejcKe onllITHHe Eeorpa)l;a, JallIa AJIMYJIH, rO)l;H-
AMepHqKH HCTOpHqap PaYJI XHJI6epr, y CBOjOj KlbH3H ",UecTpYKl.\Hja
He 1993, Ka)l;a je cp60cp06Ha xHcTepHja Ha 3ana)l;Y )l;OCTHrJIaBpxYHal.\, yny-
eBponcKHx JeBpeja" (The destruction
THO je nHCMa "TajMcoBoM KlbH)I(eBHOM )l;o,!\aTKY" (8. oKT06pa H 18. HOBeM-
Ibe 1985), H3jaBJbyje: "Cp6H ce Y)l(acaBajy cTpaHor japMa y 6HJIO KOM06JIHKY
6pa), Y KojHMa H3JIa)l(e llITa ce 3aHCTa )l;ellIaBaJIO ca JeBpejHMa Y Cp6HjH 3a BpeMe ,Upyror CBeTCKor paTa. I1ollITO Eajcpop)l; H CJIHqHH lbeMY He MOry )l;a
H H3 Tor pa3JIOra oKynHpaHa Cp6Hja 6HJIa je n030pHHl.\a HeOMeTaHor napTH-
He JIa)l(Y 0 OHOMellITO cy HCTopHjcKe qHlbeHHl.\e, C l.\HJbeM)l;a peHHTepnpe-
je n06YHe, er3eKYl.\HjoM TaJIal.\a, npe CBHXjeBpejcKHx TaJIal.\a:' 3a jeBpejcKe
THpajy 36HBalba y 3a IbHX nOTpe6HOM npaBl.\Y, eKCTeH3HBHOneMO l.\HTHpaTH
)l(eHe H )l;el.\Yy Cp6HjH XHJI6epr nHllIe:
3aHCKor paTa. Kao H y PyCHjH HeMaqKa apMHja je Ka)I(lbaBaJIa MaHHcpeCTal.\H-
"Y
JallIY AJIMYJIHja:
of the European Jews), ()I;onYlbeHo H3)1;a-
)l;el.\eM6py ... BojHe Tpyne npeysHMajy
TpaHccpep nOpO)l;Hl.\a n06Hje-
HHX TaJIal.\a y CeMJIHHY r)l;e je KOMaH)I;aHTnOJIHl.\HjcKe cJIY)l(6e 6e36e)l;HOCTH H C,U-a, llIacpep (Schafer), )l;OqeKHBaOcBoje )l(pTBe ... I10qeTKOM Map"ra 1942,
I1pBO nHCMO ... HajpaHHje
YHHllITaBalbe JeBpeja Y Cp6HjH - Y BeJIHKOM6pojy - HH-
je 6HO npO)l;YKT cpnCKe KOJIa60pal.\Hje ca HeMl.\HMa, Hero Y llIHpeM 06HMY pe3YJITaT cpnCKor OTnopa IbHMa. HeMl.\H cy OCBOjHJIHJyrOCJIaBHjy anpHJIa
1941, pacnapqaJIH 3eMJbY,CTBOpHJIHMapHoHeTcKY )l;p)l(aBY y XpBaTcKoj Y3 nOMon JIOKaJIHHX cpallIHcTa, YCTallIa, H CTaBHJIH oKynHpaHY
Cp6Hjy
nO)l;
)l;HpeKTHY HeMaqKY BOjHY ynpaBY. JYJIa 1941. Cp6H npaTe THTOB n03HB 3a
Cnel.\HjaJIHOB03HJIO)l;OJIa3HH3 EepJIHHa, raCHH KaMHOHeT.CBaKor )l;aHaOCHM He)l;eJbeH npa3HHKa )l(eHe H )l;el.\acy CTaBJbaHHy KaMHoHeT..:' Onepal.\Hja je OKOHqaHa 10. Maja. 3a)l;OBOJbaH)l;p llIacpep H3BeCTHOje )l;a np06JIeM JeBpeja y Cp6HjH BHllIe He nocTojH. JallIa AJIMYJIH
08.10.1993.
napTH3aHCKH paT H HaKOH HaHOllIelba MHomx ry6HTaKa HeMaqKoj apMHjH, Cp6H cy HCnallITaJIH cypOBe penpeCaJIHje. 3a CBaKor y6HjeHor
HeMaqKOr
BojHHKa 100 cpncKHx TaJIal.\a je nory6JbeHO 0)1;cTpaHe BepMaxTa H 3a CBaKor palbeHor BojHHKa 50 TaJIal.\aje Y3HMaHo. HeMl.\H cy oKynHJIH CBejeBpej-
,Upyro nHCMO
... Y cpallIHCTHqKoj H,UX Koja je 6HJIa XHTJIepOB caBe3HHK TOKOM,Upyror CBeTCKor paTa, He 24.000 Hero npeKO 33.000 JeBpeja je H3ry6HJIO )l(HBOTe,
CKe l.\HBHJIe, MyrnKapl.\e H3Me1)y 16 H 70 rO)l;HHa H nory6HJIH HX, 3aje)l;HO ca
OKO21.000 H3 caMe XpBaTCKe H 12.000 H3 EHX, Koja je 6HJIa npHnojeHa Xp-
l.\HraHHMa, YXBaneHHM cpncKHM naTpHoTHMa H noxanllIeHHM
BaTcKoj ca HeMaqKHM 6JIarOCJIOBoM. BeJIHKa BenHHa 0)1;33.000 jeBpejcKHx
JIeBHqapHMa.
HaKoH er3eKYl.\Hje CBHXjeBpejcKHx MyrnKapal.\a, HeMl.\H CTaBJbajy IbHXOBe
)l(pTaBa 6HJIa je y6HjeHa HJIH H3rJIa)l;lbHBaHa H MyqeHa )1;0CMpTH Y KOHl.\eH-
y)l;OBHl.\eH CHpOqa)l; y KOHl.\eHTpal.\HOHH JIOfOp nope)l; Eeorpa)l;a H ryllIe HX
Tpal.\HOHHM JIOrOpHMa y caMoj XpBaTcKoj nO)l; ynpaBoM XpBaTcKe YCTallIKe
CBe, y nOKpeTHoM raCHOM KaMHoHeTY. KOHl.\eHTpal.\HOHH JIOfOp je 6HO nO)l;
rap)l;e. OKO 5.000 je npe)l;aTO HeMl.\HMa )l;a 6Y)l;e )l;enOpToBaHo y AyrnBHl.\.
ynpaBoM HCKJbyqHBO HeMal.\a, qHjH je CC H3BpllIHO y6HcTBa, 6e3 HKaKBor
Y Cp6HjH, Koja je 6HJIa nO)l; HeMaqKOM BOjHoM oKynal.\HjoM, He 23.000 Hero OKO 14.000 JeBpeja H3ry6HJIO je )l(HBOT, rOTOBO HCKJbyqHBo y pYKaMa
yqellIna
Cp6a.
180
1·
181
'c
HeMaQa.
OKO 5.000 jeBpejcKHx
MyuIKapaQa
BojcKe Y 0)l;Ma3)l;H 3a ry6HTKe yqHlbeHe
6HllO je CTpeJbaHO O)l;HeMa'lKe
HM O)l;cTpaHe cpncKHx
OKO 7.500 Y)l;OBHQaH CHpO'la)l;H nory6JbeHHX
MyuIKapaQa
napTH3aHa.
HO raCOM Y HeMa'lKOM KOHQeHTpaQHoHoM llOfOpy 6llH3Y Eeorpa)l;a;
OllTY:>K6a )l;a je pe:>KHMMHllaHa He)l;Hha, nOCTaBJbeH O)l;HeMaQa Y CpY XOlloKaycTY, jecTe )l;pyra
HHKaKBo aHTHjeBpejcKo
3aKO-
BehH 6yrapcKH
n03HaTor \,
OKO 800
H HeKOllH-
KO CTOTHHa je 6HllO y6HjeHo O)l;cTpaHe HeMaQa Y MallHM rpa)l;OBHMa.
HeTa'lHa H3jaBa y nHcMY rOCnO)l;HHa Xoapea.
.~.
6HllO je nory6Jbe~
je O)l;Be)l;eHOH3 jeBpejcKe 60llHHQe Y Eeorpa)l;Y H TaKol)e yryllIeHo;
6HjH aBryCTa 1941, ca eHTY3Hja3MoM yqecTBoBao
'~
I
6ec. Pa6eHY je OnJba'lKaH IW rOlle KO:>Ke.EyrapH
nHpOTCKor JeBpejHHa Eoxopa
Ta. JeBpejH cy 6HllH nJba'lKaHH,
a lbHXOBe :>KeHeH )l;eBojKe CHllOBaHe. )KeHY
pa6HHa JaKOBa MellIYllaMa CHllOBalla cy Ce)l;MOpHQa Eyrapa. CBe ce nOHOBHllO npHllHKOM 6yrapcKe oKynaQHje 1941: JeBpejH cy 6HllH llHllIeHH CBHX npaBa,
CBaKO)l;HeBHOce jaBJballH nOllHQHjH H Bol)eHH Ha
pa)l;oBe. fO)l;HHe 1942, 6yrapcKH
npHcHllHe
HeMQH cy EyrapHMa
"y nOMoh" nOCllallH eceCOBQa Teo)l;opa ,l];aHeKepa,
KBO y6HcTBO HHje H3BpllIeHo
npe)l;llO:>KHOEelleBY opraHH3aQHjy
)l;o cTpaHe HeMa'lKe BojcKe, nOllHQHje H CC-a KOjH cy rOTOBO y nOTnYHocTH YHHllITHllH cpncKY H jeBpejcKY nonYllaQHjy )l;0 Maja 1942. )l;OKce HeKOllH-
KHje H IIHpoTa.
KO CTOTHHa JeBpeja jOllI YBeK caKpHBallo
CTHO 0 opraHH30BalhY ,,1. IIPJ1IIPEME:
KO)l;cpncKHx npHjaTeJba.
He)l;HheBoM pe:>KHMY,npHByqeHH nllahHBallH.
HeMa'lKa
Y3 nOMoh nOllHQHje llojallHe
HOB'laHOM Harpa)l;OM KOjy cy HeMQH HC-
OBO je CBe llITO ce MO:>KenpoHahH
0 He)l;Hhy y 06jaBJbeHOM
HCTpa:>KHBalbYCaBe3a JeBpejcKHx onllITHHa JyrocllaBHje.
HeMQH cy ce caMH
6aBHllH JeBpejHMa y Cp6HjH; )l;Y:>KHOCT He)l;HheBor pe:>KHMa6Hlla je )l;a 6pHHe o YHYTpallIlboj a)l;MHHHCTpaQHjH. IIOllYHCTHHa y nHCMY rocnO)l;HHa Xoapea'O)l;HOCH ce Ha KOHQeHTpaQHOHH llOfOp EalbHQa y Eeorpa)l;Y. To je CBaKaKO 6HO llOfOp CMpTH H ca cpncKHM nOllHQHjcKHM OC06JbeM, allH HHje 6HO HaMelbeH JeBpejHMa. ycnoCTaBJbeH
no HeMa'lKOM ypel)elbY
KOHTpOllH feCTanoa.
JIorop
H cpncKH nepcoHall
je 6HO nO)l;pel)eH
je 6HO HaMelbeH Cp6HMa KOjH cy ce cynpoTcTa-
BHllH HeMa'lKoj oKynaQHjH, napTH3aHHMa, TpHoTaMa. O)l; 23.697 oc06a 6HllH cy JeBpejH.
OBaj llOfOp je
KOMYHHcTHMaH llH6epallHHM
Koje cy 6Hlle 3aTBopeHe y oBaj llorop
na-
caMO 455
nHTalba,
3HaK pacn03HaBalha. KojH ce "jeBpejcKHM nHTalheM"
nOllHQHja HX je llOBHlla H MHOfH cy yxBaheHH
KOMecap 3a jeBpejcKa
AlleKCaH)l;ap EelleB, Hape)l;HO je CBHM JeBpejHMa )l;a Hoce ,,:>KYTO)l;yrMe" Kao
HO)l;aBCTBOHHje cnpOBe)l;eHo O)l;cTpaHe OBor pe:>KHMa, HHje)l;aH llorop CMpTH 3a JeBpeje HHje nO)l;HrHYT, HHTH je HKaKBHM ynpaBJbaHO H npaKTH'lHO HHKa(O)l; OBor pe:>KHMa). CBe TO 6HllO je yqHlbeHo
cy y6HllH H
KOHcpHHoa H Y3ellH MY llIeCTO )l;YKa-
6aBHo y
EBO KaKO je XpHCTO EaKapI,mjeB,
27.2.1943. JeBpeja:
nporoHa
ynyheHa
nOBepeHHK EelleBa 3a IIHPOT, H3Be-
nHpoTcKHX JeBpeja:
cy y IIHpOT )l;Ba rpal)aHcKH
)l;p ApTYP IIlTepH6epr
H )l;p MaHoax
cllY:>K6y )l;elleraTa. ,l];p IIITepH6epr
M06HllHcaHa
lleKapa
JIeBH, KaKO 6H ce CTaBHllH y
je )l;OKa3aO )l;a je 60llecTaH
,l];p:>KaBHY60llHHQY, r)l;e je OCTao )l;0 OTllyuITalha
H nOCllaH je y
O)l;aH)l;e,no Hapel)elhY
,l];H-
peKQHje 3a HapO)l;HO 3)l;paBJbe. 3a BpeMe Mor 60paBKa ycnocTaBHo caM Be3Y C HallIHM )l;elleraToM, OKPy:>KHHMHa'lellHHKOM, KMeTOM H lherOBHM 3aMeHHKOM. IIo npenopYQH KMeTa, nOCTaBHO caM r. CaBY IIaHajoToBa BHCHHH O)l; 125 lleBa.
3a ynpaBHHKa
lloropa,
IIOllITO je npeTXO)l;HO O)l;pel)eHH )l;aTYM3a caKynJbalhe O)l;llO:>KeH 3a KacHHje, OCTallO je )l;a ce Ca'leKa Hapel)elhe
C )l;HeBHHQOM y jeBpejcKor
:>KHBJba
KOMecapHjaTa
y TOM
CMHCllY·
11. MapTa o. r. )l;06HO caM TellecpoHoM Hapel)elhe
JallIa AllMYllH
r. IIaHHQe, )l;a JeBpejH rpa)l;a IIHpoTa
18.11. 1993.
H3jYTpa. II. J13BPIIIElhE:
Tpe6a
O)l;r. KOMecapa, npeKo
)l;a 6Y)l;y yxanllIeHH
12. MapTa
C )l;elleraTOM r. IIonOBOM yrOBOpHllH CMO TeXHH'lKe nO)l;p06HOCTH 3a xanllIelhe, jep ce HCTor )l;aHa, 11. MapTa, o)l;p:>KaBalla KOHcpepeHQHja Y3 yqellIhe r. )l;elleraTa, r. KMeTa, lherOBOr 3aMeHHKa H nOllHQHjcKor Ha'lellHHKa,
ByrapcKII ~amIlCTII II npOrOH JeBpeja JOllI 1885, Ka)l; cy ynallH y HOBOOcll060l)eHe cp6cKe KpajeBe, EyrapH cy y)l;apHllH Ha nHpoTcKe JeBpeje, Kao "npHjaTeJbe Cp6a': EyrapcKH KHe3 AlleK-
r)l;e je oBaj nOClle)l;IhH npHMHo Hallor 3a xanllIelhe no cneQHjallHo npHnpeMJbeHHM cnHCKOBHMa. TaKol)e caM caCTaBHO cneQHjallHe nHCMeHe HHCTPYK-
CaH)l;ap EaTeH6epr
QHje, no KojHMa je Tpe6allo
npeTyqeH
ycellHo ce y Kyhy JeBpejHHa ApoHa
Pa6eHa,
KOjH je 6HO
3aTO llITO HHje XTeo )l;a YKllOHH HaTnHC "fOCTHOHHQa KO)l;cpnCKor
KpaJba': 0)l;6HO je )l;a CKllOHH H CllHKY KpaJba MHllaHa, llITO je H3a3BallO jOllI
BpllIHTH xanllIelhe
llHQa H ne'lahelhe
O)l;llyqeHo je Aa npBe H clle)l;ehe HohH nOClle xanllIelha y jeBpejcKoM
KBapTY 6Y)l;e noja'laHa
naTpollaMa
CTaHOBa.
nOllHQHjcKa CTpa:>Ka
H naTpollHHM
)l;BojKaMa.
•
182 O~pel)eHa
je KOMHcHja 3a neqahelbe
CTaHOBa y clIe~eheM
CaCTaBY: r. HHKO-
1I0B, nOpeCKH HaqelIHHK, r. MlIHjeB, OKPY)I(HH arpOHOM H r. HHKOlIOB, ceKpeTap OKpY)I(He ynpaBe, ca ~Ba nOlIHl.\ajQa. TaKol)e je o~pel)eHa napa
H ~parOQeHOCTH,
KOMecapHjaTa
KOMHcHja 3a 06aBJbalbe
npeTpeca
H onHC 0~Y3eTHX
H TO Y caCTaBY: XpHCTO EaKapI,IHjeB, npe~CTaBHHK
3a jeBpejcKa
nHTalba;
r. AHTOHOB, ceKpeTap
OmIITHHe
H r.
1 ~Y.
183 ~O 4 rO~HHe o~ 4 ~o 10 rO~HHa o~ 10 ~o 21 rO~HHe H3Ha~ 21 rO~HHe IIoclIe
o~Bol)elba
4; 12; 30; 112.
6HlIH cy YXBaheHH ECTep Mop~exaj
ABpaM ca ~Boje
~eQe H JOIlI je~Ha )l(eHa, npHlIHKoM nOKYIlIaja ~a ce caKpHjy Ha nYTY 3a CKO-
HHKOlIOB, nOMohHHK nOlIHQHjcKor HaqelIHHKa; TPH nOlIHQajQa 3a BpIlIelbe
nJbe, Te cy OHH o~Be~eHH y CKOnJbe H BepoBaTHo TpaHcnopToBaHH
npeTpeca H ~Be qHHOBHHQe H3 OKpY)I(He ynpaBe, MJbeHH 3a H3BpIlIelbe 3a~aTKa.
rpynoM. JIHKBH~aQHjy nOKpeTHe HMOBHHeHCeJbeHHX JeBpeja 06aBHlIa je KOMHCH-
CBH cneQHjalIHo
12. MapTa y 6 caTH H3jYTpa H3BpIlIeHo je xanIlIelbe,
npHnpe-
C ~pyrOM
nOlIHQHje. 3a cBaKY Kyhy 6HO je o~pel)eH no je~aH nOlIHQajaQ, KojH je ~06HO
ja Kojy je o~pe~Ho ~elIeraT, y clIe~eheM cacTaBY: npe~ce~HHK - r. HHKOlIOB, nopecKH HaqelIHHK, H qlIaHOBH - r. EalIa6aHoB, nOMohHHK KMeTa H r. CToja-
no~p06He
HOB, nOMohHHK OKpY)l(Hor nOlIHQHjcKor HaqelIHHKa. HaKHa~HO je y caCTaB
IlITO je 6HO 3a~aTaK
no~aTKe 0 cacTaBY QelIe nopo~HQe.
YxanIlIeHe cy H CBe nopo~HQe H3 Coqmje ~OCeJbeHHX JeBpeja, Koje cy ce HalIa3HlIe y rpa~y, Mel)y IbHMa H lIeKapH JeBpejH, KOjH cy ~06HlIH 3a~aTaK ~a
KOMHcHje yrnao H r. KOIlIeB, OKPY)l(HH KOMecap 3a cHa6~eBalbe.
ce cTapajy 3a caHHTeTCKH nperlIe~
Cp6HH EO)l(H~ap 3~paBKOBHh, 3BaHH EO)l(a MaQKO, KOjHje cnacao
IIpH npeTpecy
yxanIlIeHHx.
/ .. ./
H3BpIlIeHoM Ha~ yxanIlIeHHMa
cYMa o~ 388.647 lIeBa H ~paroQeHocTH;
y lIorOpy, 6HlIa je 0~Y3eTa
CBeje no~p06HO
onHcaHO y cneQHjalI-
Je~aH O~ OHHX KOjH HHCY yxanIlIeHH CKor npHBpeMeHor nHcao:
"f. EO)l(H~ap
1I0ropa
/ .. ./"
6HO je JIeoH CH~, Kora je caKpHO H3 6yrap-
H ~eTe nHpOTCKor CY~Hje MOIlIe JIeBHja. CH~ je
3~paBKOBHh je MHoro yqHHHO H KpHO MeHe H )l(eHY MOjy
HOM npoToKolIY, CaCTaBJbeHOM y TPH npHMepKa, Te cy nape H ~paroQeHocTH
3a BpeMe ~OK CMOce KpHlIH y IIHPOTY Y YHYTpaIlIIbOCTH EyrapcKe,
JOIlI HCTor ~aHa YHeTe y EyrapcKY Hapo~HY 6aHKY y IIHPOTY ... HaKHa~Ho je y nOlIHQHjH npHlIHKoM npeTpeca Hal)eHo JOIlI 21.456 lIeBa,Je~aH 31IaTaH "Ha-
Hcnpe~
nOlIeoH" H OKO2 rpaMa 31IaTHHXnlIOqHQa, Koje cy TaKol)e npe~aTe
npeIlIlIH TypCKY rpaHHQY, HajpeBHocHHje ce CTapao 0 HaMa. MCTO TaKO cy Hac 06HlIHO nOMaralIH MO)l(e ce pehH CBH Cp6H - IIHpohaHQH, jep je QelIH
Hapo~Hoj
6aHQH, Ha HMe KOMecapa 3a jeBpejcKa
nHTalba,
EyrapcKoj
Kao H nOTBp~a C
npHlIO)l(eHHM ~OKa3HHM ~oKYMeHToM. MCTora ~aHa, 12. MapTa, cneQHjalIHa KOMHcHja H3BpIlIHlIa je 3aneqahHBalbe
CTaHOBa H jeBpejcKe
onIlITHHe.
YxanIlIeHH JeBpejH 6HlIH cy CMeIlITeHH y 3rpa~H IlIKOlIe, r~e cy npeTxo~HO 06aBJbeHe HeonXO~He npHnpeMe. Ha HacTojalbe
OKpY)l(Hor lIeKapa, 6HlIO je ynyheHo
601IecHHKa, npBeHcTBeHo CMOTPY·
y 601IHHQY qempH
BeOMa cTapHx JeBpeja, KOjH cy CTaBJbeHH no~ npH-
CTpa)l(Y y lIorOpy BpIlIHlIa je nOlIHQHja, a 3a KOMaH~aHTa y caMOM lIoropy nOCTaBJbeH je cTapHjH nOlIHQajaQ KpcTeB. O~Bol)elbe H3 lIoropa 6HlIO je 19. MapTa, no Hapel)elbY KOMecapHjaTa. Y Mel)YBpeMeHY je H3BpIlIeHo Hapel)elbe flIaBHe ~HpeKQHje Hapo~Hor 3~paBJba: oClI060l)eHH
cy ~p JIeBH, ~p apm H ~p TaI,Iep H anoTeKap )J;p)l(aB-
He 601IHHQe, KOjH cy 6HlIH rpal)aHcKH M06HlIHcaHH, 3aje~Ho ca nopO~HQaMa. Epoj HCeJbeHHX JeBpeja je 158, jep je y IIHPOTY OCTalIO 27 ~YIlIa, YKJbY-
nOTepa
feCTanoa,
a cHa6~eBajyhH
cpe~CTBHMa 3a O~p)l(aBalbe
6e)l(ehH
Hac npH TOM CBHM nOTpe6HHM
)l(HBOTa, H CBe ~O nOClIe~lber
~aHa, Ka~a CMO
IIHpOT 3Hao ~a CMOy 3eMJbH, caMO nOlIHQHja HHje 3HalIa:' JIeoH CH~ je onHcao
xanIlIelbe
JeBpeja IIHpoTa
,,12. MapTa 1943. rO~HHe, y paHY 30PY, ynpaBo KOMjeBpejcKoM KyhoM 3alIynalIa
12. MapTa 1943: npe cBaHyha,
npe~ CBa-
cy no ~Ba HaopY)l(aHa )l(aH~apMa.
fpy6HM
peqHMa Hape~HlIH cy ~a OTBOpHMOBpaTa. Ca HO)l(eM Ha nyrnQH ~HrJIH cy Hac H3 KpeBeTa, ~aBIlIH HaM nOlIa caTa BpeMeHa ~a Y3MeMO IlITa HaM je 6HlIO HajnOTpe6HHje. OHaKO 36YffieHH, H3HeHal)eHH H ynlIaIlIeHH H3ry6HlIH CMOnpHCYCTBO~yxa YClIe~ qera HHCMOMOrJIH 60r3Ha IlITa Y3eTH. CKpeHYlIH cy HaM HaPoqHTY na)l(lbY ~a ca C060M nOHeceMO IlITO BHIlIe xpaHe, caB HOBaQ H HaKHT. OHaKO JOIlI 6YHOBHe H nOlIy06yqeHe pOTCKe rHMHa3Hje. Ty cy Hac ynapa~HlIH paHaQ, KO ~elbaK, 60IlIqy
OTepaIlIe Hac CBe y ~BopHIlITe nHH CBaKH je ~p)l(ao npe~ C060M KO
H ClIo
HaKOH KpaTKor BpeMeHa nOqelIH cy Hac je~Hor no je~Hor npeTpecaTH, Te Ha Taj HaqHH CBe IlITO cy HaIlIlIH KO~ Hac: HOBaQ, npCTelbe,
60Jbe CTBapH
qyjyhH )l(eHY H CHHa McaKa TYBHja, rpal)aHcKH M06HlIHcaHor anoTeKapa y rpa~y CBHIlITOB. O~Be~eHH cy TaKol)e H JeBpejH KOjH cy lIe)l(alIH y 601IHHQH,
O~ BeIlIa, 0~Y3elIH cy, a 3aTHM je~Hor no je~Hor, Kao CTOKY,y6aQHBalIH y 110-
a KOjH HHCYHMalIH 3apa3HY 601IecT. 3a o~Be~eHe JeBpeje jaBHo caM TellerpaMOM KOMecapHjaTY, Kao H 6poj lIHQa no Y3paCTY:
Tpa)l(HlIH cy HaKHT H HOBaQ y HajcBeTHja MeCTa, 6e3 063Hpa
rop (COKOlIaHa). Ca )l(eHaMa cy nocTynalIH
JOIlI 6ecTH~HHje H BapBapcKHje:
CTapa, MlIal)a )l(eHa, ~eBojKa HlIH MalIa ~eBojqHQa.
Ha TO ~a lIH je
MH CMOMopalIH ClIYIlIaTH
185
184 KYIObaBY
H jaYK HaUIHX
MHJIHX H p;parHX
HaM H JIHqHe JIerHTHMaQHje,
peKaBIllH
- aJIH 6eCrroMotlHH.
OP;Y3eJIH cy
p;a HaM HHCY rroTpe6He,
jep
BHIlle
TaKo cy Hac OrrJbaqKaJIH
P;O rOJIe KO)J(e. OCTaBHJIH
cy HaM HeIllTO MaJIO
H 3aKprra.
CTprraBIllH
Hac CBe 3ajep;Ho, OP;Max cy Hac 3aKJbyqaJIH
P;OH )J(aHp;apMepHje
H rrOCTaBHJIH KOp-
p;a Hac qYBa H He P;03BOJIH rrHpOTCKOM
rpal)aHCTBY
p;a
p;ol)e Y P;OP;Hp ca HaMa. JOIll rrpBor HaIller
p;aHa OCeTHJIH CMO KPYTY P)'KY HerrpHjaTeJba
HHTepHHpalba.
rrocao,
rrpep; C060M
XpaHY
6HBao
HaM HHCY p;aBaJIH. 3a
je 6HqeBHMa
YTepHBaH,
6e3 063Hpa
rrpHJIHKOM
rroKyhcTBO
a TO je 6HJIa xpaHa
KOjy
cy 3aneqaTHJIH
HaIlle
opraH a BJIaCTH. Kap;
p;OMOBe, aJIH Kap;a cy HCTH,
HHje HaI)eH HH p;eceTH p;eo OJ!;oHora
T. j. p;o
19. MapTa,
H KOlbHqKe
3a BpeMe II}'IllKapeB
OBHX
7
rrOJIHQHje.
BeqepH
H BpIllHO
HaIller
MOpaJIH
rl)y BaJIHKY, )J(eHY MOIlle MOBHha, TproBQa
Hap; IbHMa
cTporo
rrOJIHQHja. KpeTao
H3 Beorpa.n;a,
XTeBIllH
p;a 3ap;OBOJbH CBOj
P;O H3HeMomOCTH,
HHje y TOMe ycneo.
6ecrrOMohHO.
cyp;Hje H3 IIHpoTa,
TaKo je op;Beo
H )l(aHY,
KOjH ce rr)'KHM CJIyqajeM J,IYMajH,
HaqeJIHHK
)J(eHY A. ABpa-
crraCHO p;erropTHpa-
ca cep;Morop;HIlllbHM
CHHqHheM,
Kao
.. :'
o crrpoBol)elbY
JeBpeja
H~ B030Be
KOjH he HX B03HTH Y HeMaqKe JIorope
CMpTH p;aJIH cy H3jaBe CBep;OQH - OHp;aIlllbH
rrHpoTcKH
je 6HJIO Hapel)eHo
rrapKHpaHH
HM peqeHO "Y op;pel)eHo
p;a nOCJIe rroHohH 3aIllTO. BpeMe
HjaKepHcTa
6yp;y
BOpKO rrpHqaO
lhHMa
COKOJIaHe.
YhYTKaH
IIHpoTe,
je 6HO K)'Hp;aQHMa.
JeBpejKa
Cp6a.
6HJIO HaM je jacHO: TpaHcrropT
COKOJIaHa je 6HJIa OCBeTJbeHa, aJIH IllTa
JeBpeja.
npeMa
Moja!'
Uo XOHeMH
jeBpejcKoj
Ma-
OHp;a macaH
rrJIaq.
orreT Te)J(aK rrpH30p:
HeKa
BHKaJIa: 'Op;aBp;e Me MO)J(eTe OTepaTH
)'HHjH. A Cp6a J1lbHX
HH HeMQH.
HeMa. KpHBH
HHKO HHje y6Hjao
CBe cy TO rrpaBH
J1 JOBaH Baj
he joj
6HJIH <paIllHcTH.
Kyho
Ha MOCTY HHIllaBe
y EBporrcKoj
HH ByrapH.
IIITa
THIllHHH.
Kao p;a cy 3aTBopeHHQH
J1 OHa je KYHp;aQHMa yhYTKaHa:'
Cap;a cy ByrapH
IIIHIITapH,
ca
UY)J( rrYTa HCTO TaKO. CrrpOBOp; je
360rOM
ce 6aQHJIa Ha 3eMJbY H macHO
caMO MPTBY! Y6HQe!'
OKO 3aTBopeHHKa
ce rrOJIaKO, Y HeMoj
AJIH Kap;a ce TY P;OIllJIO, rromep;aJIO
JIH, qyo ce Y3BHK: '360rOM,
IIocJIe
H p;eQY, ca rrpTJba-
ca qHM je KO pacrrOJIarao,
HHje ce qYJIa HH jep;Ha peq,
Cp6H?
HeMaM
HHIllTa
AJIH, p;a cy Cp6H
npoTHB
cy 3a Cpe6pe-
- HH XpBaTH,
EBpOrrJbaHH.
J1 EBpona Byrapa.
HH
A Cp6H
je cpehHa
6e3
HHCY CBH ByrapH
TO pap;HJIH ca JeBpejHMa,
HM ce P;OK je CBeTa H BeKa .
nOMHlbaJIO
6H
•
JeBpejH 0 Cp6HMa
UpyrH
UOK CMO
ce Y IbOj p;oral)aJIO
MomH
,,)I(HBH
H aHTHCeMHTH3MY H MpTBH':
CBeTCKH paT, CBep;Oqe 0 Op;HOCHMa Cp6a JaKOB UaHOH, qHjy je rropop;HQY
crracao
JeBpejH
KOjH cy rrpe)J(HBeJIH
H JeBpeja
y TO TeIllKO p;06a.
MHKa
ApaJ,IHja
H3 HHIlla,
Ka)J(e:
"Ja MOry p;a Ka)J(eM p;a cy TH OP;HOCHYBeK 6HJIH P;06PH, a IllTa ce cap; AeIllaBa, o TOMe He 6HX rOBopHO, p;a je OBp;e cHTyaQHja Up MapKo
MHCJIHM p;a TO HHje rrHTalbe
H3Mel)y
Hac JeBpeja
n03HaBao.
Ja caM 6HO rrOTrrYHO H3jep;HaqeH
jaTeJbHMa.
Hac je JeBpeja
qHByqe,
BpeMe Kap; caM ja pacTao.
Koje caM ja
p;eQOM, MOjHM rrpH6HJIH MaXOM
cTBap y THM KpajeBHMa
AKO 6H Me KO rrOKYIllao
y paTHo
YBpep;HTH Kao
HJIH 6H MH orrCOBao MajKY qHBYTCKY, a 6HJIO je TaKBHX, HaCTaJIa 6H
BHJIO je CJIyqajeBa Ha Kpajy,
MHCJIHM
BeJIH: "Y IIo-
H OHMX Cp6a
ca cpnCKOM
6HJIO MaJIO TaKO p;a cy MOjH p;pyroBH
AJIH Tyqe cy 6HJIe CKOpO HOpMaJIHa
H rropaTHo
H JeBpeja,
AHa
)J(apeBQY HHje 6HJIO pa3JIHKa
Cp6H.
Cp6a
BpJIO CJIO)J(eHa H p;ajTe p;a 0 TOMe He rOBOpl1M:'
Tyqa y KOjOj caM 06HqHO
je:
6HJIH CMO Ha JIHQY MeCTa. J1aKo HaM HHje HHIllTa
peqeHO 3aIllTO CMO rr03BaHH,
nOBopKY:
Y KlbH3H JaIlle AJIMYJIHja nOJIHQHjcKH
HaTOBapeHH
JIHqHO Ha rrorpe6HY
THIllHHH.
CTapQe
Hape-
MJIap;e H JIerre )J(eHe KOP; Ibe-
npecHjy,
Ha TO p;a mep;aMO
JIeBHja,
Iba. Cap;a ce HaJIa3H y fOplbOj HHTepHHpaQ
je rrpeTxop;Ho
JIoropoBalba,
OP;BOP;HOje HaIlle
3BepCKH HarOH. Ho HaKO HX je T)'Kao MH CMO, HapaBHO,
CMO y KOJIa. OCTaJIH,
TeJIa 'HaQHOHaJI'
Y HajBehoj
Kap;a cy
He CMe qYTH HHKaKaB mac.
ca )J(aHp;apMHMa
ra Y KaHQeJIapHjy
IIoBoPQH
BpIllH
CBHX CTpaHa 6HJIa je 6yrapcKa
JbYP;H, )J(eHa H p;eQe, Y paHY 30py OTepaJIH Y HeH3BeCHOCT, Y rrpaTlbH
MOTopH3aQHje
p;a ce cnpeMa
cy HCTepaJIH 3aTBopeHHKe.
cy 6HJIH y p;Ba pep;a - Hcrrpep;
cy aHTHceMHTH. op; 6yrapcKHX
cy Hac p;p)J(aJIH cep;aM p;aHa H HohH,
l)eHo p;a ce Kp03 BapOIll
qeKaJIH,
Ha TO p;a JIH cy
xarrIllelba.
je pa3rpa6JbeHO
cy Hac Op;BeJIH, rrpHBHp;HO
Y JIoropy
ByrapH
HHQY. A MO)J(p;a H 3a JaceHoBaQ.
HaKOH rrap p;aHa 'KOMHCHjCKH' OTBopeHH, IllTO CMO HMaJIH H OCTaBHJIH.
HHje
rroTpe6e
3a TO BpeMe
)J(eHY.
cy op; Hac rroKyrrHJIH
178
H rrOCJIep;HQe
caMO rrOJIa caTa. Ko He 6H Morao
TeK cJIep;eher p;aHa rrOqeJIH cy HaM p;aBaTH xpaHe,
Hac,
rrocTpojeHH
HMaJIH CTapQa, CTapHQY HJIH MajKY ca p;eTeTOM op; cep;aM Mece-
QH, Kao H 6peMeHHTY
HaIlle
qeKalba
JbYP;H - MpTBaQH.
HMaJIH CMO Ha pacrrOJIO)J(elbY p;a 06aBH
p;yror
rOM, rrpHMHJIH
HHCMO Jbyp;CKa 6Hha.
CTapyp;Hja
CMO caMO p;a HaCJIYTHMO:
6HO n06ep;HHK.
He cehaM ce p;a Me je HKO H3MJIaTHO.
p;a je oCTajaJIO HepeIlleHO,
CXBaTHBIllH
na cy ce Tyqe 06HaB1baJIe,
p;a ce TyqOM He MO)J(e peIllHTH
rrHO 6H MHp H Y3ajaMHo
nOIllTOBalbe:'
KO je rr06ep;HHK,
aJIH
HaCTY-
186
187
QYBeHH xHpypr, ~p HCH~Op llano, tlJ1jy cy PO~6HHY yrnaBHoM n06Hne YCTaIIIe (OH je H3 MOCTapa), peKao je: "Ja HHKa~ HHcaM 6HO QHOHHCTa,anH caM YBHjeK 6HO anconYTHH JeBpejHH. HHKa~ TO HHcaM KpHO, MeHH je 6Hna qaCT IIITO caM JeBpejHH H ja caM rOBopHO ~a caM JeBpejHH Ka~a TO HHje 6Hno HH 3rO~HO Ka3aTH, Ma~a Y Cp6HjH HHje 6Hno HHKa~a aHTHceMHTH3Ma. Ja Y OBOj 3eMJbHHHKa~a HHcaM oceTHO ~a caM JeBpejHH, a Y:>KHBaOcaM CBenoqaCTH IIITO MO:>Ke je~aH qOBeK ~a ~O:>KHBH:' }J.p MaKCHM IllTepHHh,
nCHxHjaTap H npo<j>ecop Me~HQHHCKor <j>aKyn-
Te eH~exa3HjcKe H~eOnOfJ1je, Te <j>aIIIHCTHqKeYCTaIIIKe ~p:>KaBe,npHMajy H npena3e npeKO 3nOqHHa KOjH cy BpIIIeHH H KOjH ce H ~aH-~aHac BpIIIe. To Me CTpaIIIHO 60nH:' EHpHKO JOCH<j>, n03HaTH KOMn03HTop, rO~HHaMa je yn030paBao
JeBpeje
KojH cy ce YKJbyqHnH y aHTHcp6cKY KaMnalbY: "MonHM
Bac, cTBap je Y:>KaCHO jacHa. MH CMOca Cp6HMa y ~YXOBHOM
CPO~CTBYKao ~Ba ecxaTonOIIIKa Hapo~a ca Y:>KaCHO CnHqHOM Cy~6HHOM. HeIIITO ecxaTonOIIIKH qy~ecHo ce Ha~ cpncKHM Hapo~oM ~eIIIaBa Kao IIITO ce TO
qeT-
~eIIIaBano ~O jyqe H Ha~ H3paenOM. H 3aTOje CBeTa~Y:>KHOCTCBaKor O~ Hac
HHqKOr nOKpeTa, Kao Mna~Hh ce HaIIIao Y napTH3aHHMa, anH je YBeK HMao
JeBpeja ~a TO CXBaTH.Jep JaceHOBaQ cpnCKH je OHOIIITO je HaIII }J.axay. To ce
pa3YMeBalba 3a CBeIIITO ce Y HecpehHoj Cp6HjH ~eIIIaBano 3a BpeMe }J.pyror
qaK KpHje H He 3Ha, anH Mopa ce H TO ca3HaTH. OH~a 6HCTe H BH aMepHqKH
TeTa, qHjH je OTaQ 6HO o~aH KpaJbY H oTaI,I6HHH H qnaH npe~paTHor
CBeTCKor paTa. Ha nHTalbe 0 reHepany He~Hhy, o~rOBapa: "OH je 6HO cpnCKH reHepan, a Ka~a TO Ka:>KeM,OH~a MHcnHM ~a KO~ Ibera aHTHceMHTH3Ma HHje 6Hno. BHno je npe paTa y Cp6HjH noje~HHaQa H JbY~H KOjH cy ce ~eKnapHcanH ~a He Bone JeBpeje, MO:>K~aH rope H O~ Tora, anH y cnY:>K6eHoj nonHTHQH Tora HHje 6Hno, HH KO~ ~Bopa, HH KO~ Bna~a. 3a JeBpeje y Cp6HjH
JeBpejH CBe~oral)aje KojH cy ce ca~a ~eIIIaBanH y HaIIIoj 3eMJbH CXBaTHnH Ha je~aH caCBHM ~pyrH H HCTHHHTHjH HaqHH. MonHM Bac, 3aTO, HeMojTe ce BHIIIe YKJbyqHBaTH y nporalbalbe,
6apeM
Bep6anHO, Cp6a, jep Cp6H cy HaIIIa ecxaTonOIIIKa, ~yxOBHa 6paha. A ~pyro, :>KHBeTHy je~Hoj Cp6HjH H He OCeTHTH~a CTe JeBpejHH, TO HHr~e y EBponH
Morno ce qeCTOqYTH ~a HX Ha3HBajy Cp6HMa MojcHjeBe Bepe HnH cpnCKHM
HH npe XHTnepa HHje 6Hno. To je no npHpo~HOM 3aKOHY TaKO. Cp6H cy
JeBpejHMa. Ha jeBpejcKoM rp06Jb y y Beorpa~y, Ha caMOM yna3Y, CTOjH BenH-
je~aH HeBepoBaTaH Hapo~, ja ra 30BeM 3arpJbajHH Hapo~, KOjH qaK Tyl)HHa
KH cnOMeHHK JeBpejHMa norHHynHM y paTOBHMa 3a ocn060l)elbe,
JOIII BHIIIe npHrpJbyje
CKHM H Y llpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTi'
(IllTepHHh
y 6anKaH--
ce, BeOMa:>KHBO,ceha CBor nap-
Hero caMora ce6e. HMa je~Ho ocehalbe 3a Tyl)HHa ~a
6y~e npeMa lbeMY nOIIITeH, Kpajlbe 6paTOJby6HB, H TO je pa3nor IIITO je OBa
TH3aHCKor paTOBalba, H MHnOBaHa 1)Hnaca, KOjH je 6HO "n03HaT no CBOjoj
Cp6Hja ca~a OBaKOpaCnapqaHa H nO~eJbeHa. HHKa~ HHje nonarana
CypOBOCTH H rpy60cTH npe Hero IIITO ce ne~eceTHX rO~HHa npecan~YMHO y COQHjanHcTe HnH COQHjan~eMoKpaTe': H KOjH je CTpeJbaOje~Hor CeJbaKaC
na:>KlbYHa TO~a nH cy OHH, caMO OHH H3a6paHHQH HeKH, anH cy nOIIITOBanH
KocMaja 3aTO IIITO je 3a xpaHY npo~ao COUCUt8eHU 1)Hnac CMaTpao "KoneKTHBHOM HMOBHHOM").
6pHjaqKH npH60p, KOjH je
OHe KOjH :>KHBeca IbHMa H KOjH Cp6HjH HapaBHO :>Kene~06po.
BenHKY
To je je~aH
H3Y3eTaH Hapo~ H cTpaIIIHo je OBO IIITO je yqHlbeHO. Bpno je TO yqHlbeHo npOMHIIIJbeHO. H nOHaBJbaM, H3BpIIIeH je Ha~ Cp6HMa npaBH npaBQaTH Me-
fO~HHe 1995, n03HaTH nCHxonor, HHKona POT, ~ao je JaIIIH AnMynHjy
~HjCKH reHoQH~, Me~HjcKH AyrnBHQ, npeTBopHnH cy Cp6e y HaKa3e KaKO cy
HHTepBjy y KOMe Ka:>KeH cne~ehe: "Ha~aM ce ~a he OHH jeBpejcKH KpyrOBH
Hac YHaKa3HBanH Kp03 BeKOBe, a noce6Ho npeKo fe6enca H lberOBe npona-
y cBeTY KojH HMajy norpeIIIaH CTaB npeMa Cp6HMa YCKOPOYBH~eTH ~a Taj CTaB Tpe6a HanycTHTH, ~a je Bpno Ba:>KHa60p6a 3a npaBe~HocT, 3a qaCHOCT.
raH~e. fne~ao caM cTpaIIIHY eMHcHjy y KojOj cy H3HIIIne CBe OHe HanenHHQe
Tpe6a ~a HMajy Ha YMY ~a He MO:>Ke6HTH Qeo je~aH Hapo~ KPHB, Kao IIITO Cp6e OKpHBJbyjy. llpHje CBera TO Tpe6a ~a HMajy Ha YMY JeBpejH KojH cy ~Ba MHneHHjYMa HenpeCTaHO 6HnH Hana~aHH H CTpaIIIHO nporalbaHH, H TO QenH Hapo~, 6e3 KpHBHQe. He 6H CMenH ca~ ~a cy~enyjy y nporoHY je~Hor Hapo~a KOjH HCTOTaKO HHje KPHB H KOjH je HCTOTaKO nporalbaH:' ll03HaTH MY3HqKH ne~aror, Kao JeBpejHH y cpncKoj
~p AH~peja llperep,
BenH: "Ja TY :>KHBHM
3eMJbH H BonHM TY 3eMJbY. /oo.! HapaBHo,
o Cp6HMa, TO je HCTO Kao Ka~ je XHTnep JeBpeje npHKa3HBao OHaKO YHaKa:>KeHe,CaTaHe, l)aBone. To je HenojMJbHBO, HeIIITO CTpaIIIHo. HnaK, Mopa ~a nocTojH HeIIITO. JecTe, ja pa3YMeM ~a je KOpHCHOCTCHa:>KHaCTBap 3a onCTaHaK Hapo~a, anH He H 06e360:>KeHa KOpHCHOCT.OB~e je TO caMO pal)eHo H3 pa3nora KOjH anconYTHO npe~ :>KHBHMBoroM He MOry ~a onCTaHY· H ja ~pXTHM Ha~ Cy~6HHOM nOqHHHnaQa OBora Y:>KaCHOrreHOQH~Hor, Me~HjcKor 3nOqHHa KOjH je npOTHB Cp6a cnpoBe~eH. To je ~o ca~a HenojaM. llnaIIIHM
ocehaM
ce ~a rOBopHM H cnYTHM IIITa he ce ~orO~HTH OHHMa KOjH cy TO nOqHHHnH,
nYHY conH~apHocT ca THM Hapo~oM KOjH je 3aje~Ho CHaMa naTHO y XpBaTCKOj, KOjH je 6HO y6HjaH, Ha~ KojHM ce BpIIIHO reHoQH~ Kao H Ha~ HaMa. Y
jep TO HHje BHIIIe Moja CTBap, TO je BO:>KHjaCTBap. IllTO ce Ka:>Ke,OCBeTaje BO:>KHja,HHje HaIIIa. AnH Bac MonHM CXBaTHTe:OHaKOKaKOCTeBH 06aBeIIITa-
cBeMY CMO6HnH HCTecy~6HHe H MeHH Y:>KaCHO CMeTa ~a HeKe jeBpejcKe opraHH3aQHje Ha 3ana~y 0 TOMe He Bo~e paqYHa, na OHe KOjH cy HaCTaBJbaqH
BaHH, TOje je~HocMepHO, TOje HeO~p:>KHBOH HeMojTe ce BHIIIe npHKJbyqHBaTH nporalbalbY
Cp6a nOTnHCHBalbeM 3axTeBa 3a 60M6ap~OBalbe H OCTano,
189
188 jep BH He 3HaTe ):.\acaMHM THM BpllIHTe ):.\YXOBHO6paToy6HcTBO,
MH OH):.\a
BAJOP,IJ;OBE KJIEBETE
je):.\HOCTaBHOnOTnHcyjeMo H AYIIIBH~ H nYHO onpaB):.\afhe 3a OHOIlITO je pa):.\HO):.\0jyqe HeMaqKH Ha~HOHan-co~HjanH3aM.
HeMojTe MonHM Bac, ja caM
nHcao BpXOBHOM pa6HHY
xaj~H, na TOje cpe):.\fhOBeKOBHaer30p~HCTHqKa xajKa Ha oBaj cpnCKH Hapo):.\. A OH je H3Y3eTaH y norne):.\y 3arpJbajHocTH, BOJbefha ):.\pyrHx Hapo)J;a, a ):.\aHe rOBopHM):.\a je OH 6HO BallI He caMO caBe3HHK y IlpBOM H.D:pyrOM CBeTCKOM paTY, Hero MHoro npe IlpBor
YBOp; Y peBH3Hjy
HHKorrajeBe
6Horpa4>Hje
BHllIe OBOj ny):.\aqKoj
H .D:pyror CBeTCKor paTa. OH je YBeK 6HO npH-
Bp)l(eH H):.\ejaMaKoje je je):.\HaBenHKa AMepHKa HMana HnH je):.\Ha):.\aHacnana EBpona, MHcnHM OHa npaBa ):.\eMOKpaTCKaEBpona. To je je):.\HHHpa3nor IlITO caM npJ1XBaTHO):.\aHelliTO OBOMnpHnHKoM ro-
HHKonaj BenHMHpoBHh (1882-1956)
6HO je je):.\aH0):.\Hajn03HaTHjHx Ha-
~HCTHqKHX MHcnHna~a. An
BOpHM, a ca):.\):.\aBaM HeKaKO Ka)l(eM er3ere3Y OHor IlITO rOBopH J.13aHja.Ka):.\
Ha nHcafhe "Moje 60p6e':
OH Ka)l(e: 'Hapo):.\Kojer HHCH 3Hao n03Baheili
BenHMHpoBHhy, anH je MohHH n06H Cp6cKe IlpaBocnaBHe
ra K ce6H', BH CTe 3a TO Haj):.\HB-
HHjH ):.\OKa3.BH He 3HaTe KO cy Cp6H a H):.\eTecTpalliHo
CMaTpa ce ):.\aje XHTnep "Mojy
6op6y"
nOCBeTHO
UpKBe, }Ia qHjeM
npoTHB fhHX OHaKO
qeny cy 6HnH ,,3enoTH': ATaHacHje JeBTHh H AM
KaKO H):.\e):.\aHallIfhH TpeH):.\36HBafha. Ka):.\ J.13aHja Ka)l(e: 'OH he, Taj Hapo):.\,
cBeTY YKnoHHo, ):.\enyjyhH npeKo cp6cKe ~pKBeHe onlliTHHe y EepnHHY. Be-
):.\oxpnHTH K Te6H', TO 03HaqaBa HallIY cy):.\6HHY):.\ojyqepallIfher
nHMHpoBHh nHqHO je caBeTOBao XHMnepa y opraHH30BafhY KOH~noropa, a
npomaHor,
YKneTor Hapo):.\a.OHH cy ):.\ojypHnH K HaMa, OHH cy npeY3enH HallIY Cy):.\6HHY. EBO ):.\y60Kor er3ereTCKor 3Haqefha Tora, TO je je)J;HaBenHKa HCTHHa H 6Hno 6H ):.\HBHO):.\aje):.\aH):.\eo0):.\Tora ocnYIIIHeTe H nOqHeTe ):.\ace Ha HeKH ):.\pyrH
Kpaj 1944. H nOqeTaK 1945. npoBeo je y .D:axayHa O):.\MOPyH onopaBKY, cKyna C naTpHjapxoM faBpHnoM. Ta):.\acy npoBepaBanH KaKO
HaqHH O):.\HOCHTe. HeMojTe BepOBaTH OHHMa KOjH CTanHO rOBope ):.\acy TH
6pHKa CMPTH" H npHnpeManH reHO~H):.\Ha):.\EOllIfha~HMa H XpBaTHMa y paTY 1991-1995. CMaTpa ce ):.\acy OHH OCMHcnHnH nojaBY ApKaHa, <1>peHKHjaH
ja):.\HHCp6H 3a CBeKPHBH H ):.\aje TOje):.\aHy)l(acaH KOJbaqKHHapo):.\.HapaBHO,
JOBH~e CTaHHIlIHha, H npHnpeMHnH napaBojHe <popMa~Hje 3a cnafhe npeKo
H KO):.\Cp6a HMa OHHX KojH KOJbYKao IlITO cBy):.\aHMa, anH je cpnCKa Hapo):.\-
.D:pHHe.YonllITe, 3a CBe KpHBH~e Cp6a, 0):.\y6HcTBa cynTaHa MypaTa
Ha ):.\YIIIaCBeTa, 3arpJbajHa, npe):.\HBHa,KaKBe peTKO r):.\eHMa Ha OBOMHHaqe,
KojH je Ha KOCOBYHY):.\HOCp6HMa "napTHepcTBo 3a MHP': npeKo aTeHTaTa Ha
Ha)l(anOCT, YHaKa)I(eHOM CBeTY.
Ha):.\BojBo):.\y<1>pafhy <1>epHHHaH):.\a, KOjH je Ha BH):.\oB):.\aH1914. Cp6HMa y Eo-
ETO, TO MH je 6Hna nYHa )l(eJba ):.\aBaM Ka)l(eM 6e3 HKaKBe ocy):.\e Kora. AnH BH 3aHCTa HHCTe 06aBeIlITeHH, Ha)l(anOCT HHCTe. AKO HeheTe MeHH Be-
y J1paHY H yrp0)l(aBafhe
pOBaTH 6apeM BepyjTe P03eHTany, qYBeHOM KonYMHHCTH aMepHqKOM, jep
1389,
CHH HY,l.\HOCY)l(HBOTH TonepaH~Hjy, CBe ):.\0npaBJbefha HYKneapHHx 60M6H J13paena, KPHBH cy, npe CBera, HHKonaj BenHMHpo-
OH je ynyhei:I y Te CTBapH H oceha ):.\aTY HelliTO HHje y pe):.\y. EHO je OB)J;e,
BHh, H, Y HelliTO Mafhoj MepH, faBpHno .D:o)l(Hh, qHjy je reHo~H):.\HY nonHTHKY HaCTaBHOIlaBne CTOjqeBHh, "naTpHjapx cpncKH H3 ):.\eBeTorKpyra" (M. To-
n031tajeM ra nHqHO, H3Y3eTaH je qOBeK, xpa6ap qOBeK H eBO BH):.\HMra ca):.\,y
MaHHh: "CpncKa UpKBa y paTY H paToBH y fhOf', Kpyr, Eeorpa):.\ 2001).
'IbyjOpK
TajMCY' H3na3e fherOBa Ka3HBafha 0 cpnCKOM Hapo):.\y. Ja BaM CTan-
HO nOHaBJbaM: Cp6HH je Haili ):.\YXOBHH6paT. HHr):.\e ce HHje Morno TonHKO
.D:a,):.\parH qHTaOqe! MO)l():.\a ce qy):.\HIlI OBaKBOM YBO):.\Y?IllTO 6H peKao MajaKoBcKH:
"BH
He oceTHTH ):.\aCH JeBpejHH Kao IlITO je TO 6Hno y OBOj ):.\HBHOjCp6HjH. AnH,
MHcnHTe - 6YH~a ManapHja?" (,,06naK y naHTanoHaMa").
eTO TY ce npOpOqaHCTBO HcnYfhaBa. Hapo):.\ Kojer HHCH 3Hao, ):.\03Hahelli ra. MH CMOra y OBOMTpeHYTKY npeKO ):.\06PHXKa3HBafha HeKHX ):.\HBHHXJeBpe-
anH He y O):.\eCH,Kao KO):.\MajaKoBcKor, Hero y 3eMJbH Cp6HjH, KpajeM XX H nOqeTKOM XXI BeKa, Ka):.\aje Tpe6ano OKneBeTaTH "HajBeher Cp6HHa" nocne
ja ):.\03HanHH 'Hapo):.\KOjH Te6e HHje 3Hao, noxpnHhe
CBeTor CaBe, Bna):.\HKYHHKonaja.
Te6H', 3HaqH KOjH HHje
3Hao TBOjy Cy):.\6HHYca):.\aje ):.\O)l(HBeOTBojy Cy):.\6HHY . .D:ajTe):.\aHX 3arpnHMO, ):.\ajTe):.\a6apeM OThYTHMO Ka):.\HeKH 0):.\HallIHX JbY):.\Hy nonYHe3HafhY ):.\H)I(Y HenOTpe6HO rnac npOTHB OBor ):.\HBHorHapo):.\a:'
TeKcT 0 HHKonajy
EHno je TO, 6Hno,
Kao Ha~HCTH Morao 6H ):.\ace nojaBH 6Hno r):.\eHa
3ana):.\y, 0):.\"IhyjOpK TajMca" ):.\0"IllnHrna': H CBH 6H nOBepoBanH y fhera, Kao IlITO, Beh ):.\Be):.\e~eHHje,Bepyjy):.\a cy Cp6H "BHPYC KojH Tpe6a YHHIlITHTH" (.D:ejBH):.\fOMnepT, RAND
Kopnopa~Hja,
CaBeT 3a HHocTpaHe o):.\Hoce),
190
191
cHMMajyhM
HYKJIeapHOM
60M60M
CnMJI6eprOBOr
npeTe
"MMPOTBOPQa':
Yje.n;MlheHMM
Y KojMMa Cp6M
HaQMjaMa.
MeTo.n;a no KOjOj je CaCTaBJbeH YBO.n;Y aHaJIM3Y HajHoBMjer HMKOJIajy
n03HaTa
nllIeHMQY·
3HaM .n;ace cehaTe - Epa npo.n;aje Haj'lMCTMjy,
JbY nllIeHMQY· - Epo,
je M3 OHe llIaJbMBe
TYP'lMH
Hapo.n;He npM'le
.n;OJIa3M.n;aje KynM,
OBa nllIeHMQa
TM HM'leMY
llITO M "HaQMOHaJIMCTM'lKO". je .n;o "npOMeHa
nJbYBalha
no
0 EpM KOjM npo.n;aje HajKpynHMjy,
QMOHMCTa M3 BpeMeHa lbOTMha,
npMCYTHor
He BaJba! llYHa
je rnaBHMQe
M JbYJba!
Ha "KOHTpOBep3e" aHTMceMMTM3aM).
- AJI' HMje caMO TO, - Hero je M CMTHa!
HMllITBO':
- JeCTe, aro,
CilU
CMTHO je pO.n;MJIO!
- A M nYHa je CJIaMe! - JecTe, aro,
Ta.n;a ara 3analheHO - lla,
.n;06po,
6pe,
oBejaHa
KaKO Tpe6a!
Ka)l(e: Epo!
- lloMa)l(eM
Ja TM Ky.n;MM .n;06py nllIeHMQY
.n;a joj
cnycTMM
Ha'lMHe,
TM, cnp.n;aTM, aro. HMKOJIajeBMM
nOMaraJIM
cnp.n;aTM. JeCTe, ce y ,Uaxay,
HMje
KpMB je 3a CBe, M KpMB je CBMMa. Ho, cnp.n;-
Jbary C Ihera
np06JIeMaTMKOM,
oCBphyhM
ce Ha KIhMry
JOBaHa Baj<pop.n;a "lloTMcKMBalhe
aHTMceMMTM3Ma':
nOpM'le,
3aBeTa Kao aYTeHTM'lHOr llpe.n;alha
"YnyhHBalhe
Ha BM6JIMjy
a XpMCTa Ha3MBa "JIa)l(HMM Baj<pop.n;OBe KIhMre:
HaCTaJIOr Ha OCHOBY MCTor. EBO IllTa
,,1984"
KIhMre
QMTMpa I,IopI,la
Ka)l(e.n;a KOHTpOJIa npOllIJIOCTM
a KOHTpOJIa ca.n;allIlhOCTM no.n;pa3YMeBa
no.n;pa3YMeBa
CTenMHaQ,
llaBeJIMh,
Mal)apcKoj
M CJIOBa'lKoj
Bep3Mja
AHTOHaeCKY,
KOjM y pOMaHY
KOHTpOJIY 6y.n;yhHOCTM,
KOHTpOJIY npOllIJIOCTM.
je Ha To.n;a cy nOCJIe na.n;a KOMYHM3Ma, y l1CTO'lHOj TMBalha .n;OHe.n;aBHOBa)l(ehMX
OpBeJIa,
EBponM
3aTMM YKa3Y-
nO'leJIa npeMcnM-
HOBMjMX MCTOpMjCKMX .n;oral)aja,
XOpTM
nOCTaJIM xepojM
M TMCO Y XpBaTcKoj, M )l(pTBe,
na cy
PYMYHMjM,
a 6MJIM cy 3JIO'lMHQM M
KPMBQM. Y Cp6MjM
"KBa3MCOQMjaJIMCTM'lKM
pe)l(MM"
HMje no.n;CTMQao MMJIOllIeBMheB
(O'lMTO, 3a Baj<pop.n;a je aYTeHTM'laH
jaJIM3aM 6MO TMTOB), Hero .n;eCHM'lapCKe napmje QajHe HaQMOHaJIHe (HaQMOHaJIMCTM'lKe) )l(elhe
Be'lepM
KIhM)I(eBHMKa
Cp6Mje).
(CllO,
opraHM3aQMje"
3a Baj<pop.n;a y Cp6MjM
COQM-
pa.n;MKaJIM) M "YTM(CllU,
CAHY,
je "HaQMOHaJIHO"
Y.n;pyMCTO
CMHa BO)l(jer, Baj<pop.n; BeJIM:
IhMX Hl1CY
nMCaJIM O'leBM-
70.
ro.n;MHe HOBe epe
XpaMa
Be3aHe 3a BepCKY
cy "llpM'le
eBaHl)eJIMCTa"
Jecy, r. Baj<pop.n;e, nMCaJIM OqEBl1Ul1:
6JIMCKM capa.n;HMK lleTpoB,
CB. MaTej,
CB. JIYKa, KojM je, Ha nYTY Y EMayc,
M CB. JOBaH BOrOCJIOB, KojM je C XpMCTOM
M no.n; KpCTOM
6MO Ha
Ha fOJIrOTM. Baj<pop.n;y je QMJb .n;a.n;oKa)l(e KaKO
je QMJb JeBaHl)eJba 6Mo.n;a ce "JeBpejM
M jy.n;aM3aM OMaJIOBa)l(e",
M.n;a ce "Bep-
HMQM y6e.n;e.n;a cy JeBpejM, 0.n;6MBllIM.n;a npMXBaTe l1cyca
Kao MecMjy,
JIH CBOj cTaTYc 0.n;a6paHor
Hapo.n;' KojM He ''lyje
pe'l
BO)l(jy'
M npeMa
"nOJIeMMKa
npOTMB
Hapo.n;a M nOCTaJIM 'npOKJIeTM
TOMe 'He npMna.n;a jy.n;aM3Ma':
MMpoBMheBMx
(2001)
M3ry6M-
PaHO XpMllIhaHCTBO
cy omY)l(eHM
npMCTaJIMQa
- MO)l(.n;a jOllI ja'le
o.n;JIYKe BaCeJbeHCKMX ca60pa,
M3pa)l(eHO
BepOMcnOBeCTMMa.
CBeTa Tpa.n;MQMja, KOjy 'lMHe BM6JIMja,
je nYKa
3a ,,60roy6McTBO':
TBp.n;M.n;a je BepoBalhe
y Hen06MT-
- llITO ce nOKa3aJIO Kao KOHCTaHTHa TeMa y peTopMQM
CBeTY Hero y .n;pyrMM xpMllIhaHCKMM Tpajy.n;a
Bory":
a JeBpejM
EBO r.n;ejOllI y.n;apa Baj<pop.n;: "Ta6aK HOCT jeBaHl)eJba
MCTOpMjCKM peBM3MOHM3aM
M 'lMlheHMQy.n;a
3eHOH KOCM.n;OBCKM, 'lMje
BaCKpCJIOra XpMcTa,
TajHoj
HOBor
Kao Ha .n;e
nYHe cpaMHMX llIynJbMHa).
Baj
MecMjoM".
BeKa" (je.n;aH o.n;M3Bopa 3a OBY TBp.n;IhY MY je n03HaTM MapK-
CMCTM'lKM peJIMrMOJIOr,
CB. MapKO,
Ha CBe
M3je.n;Ha'lM
OHa je nopMQalhe
H TO Ha Ha'lMH KOjM je o.n;pa)l(aBaO KOH
cpeo
JeBpejKY
HeonaraHa
CBe.n;O'lelha 0 CTpa.n;alhY M BaCKpcelhY
Kao M CBeTor
nOJIMTMKY npBor
illTa KIDKe Bajopp;?
cnacao
KpMTMKOM jy.n;aM3Ma nOCJIe XpMCTa, .n;aKJIe - OHor jy.n;aM3Ma
QM, Beh Jby.n;MKOjM cy )l(MBeJIM nOCJIe YHMllITelha
M nopMQalhe
a Jby.n;M M3
Kao aHTMceMMTe.
.n;aaHTMceMMTM3aM
- Mexyp
n03a6aBMMO
HMKaKBO "Myqe-
CTpa.n;aIhY, .n;a 6M nOKpMJIM KOHTpO-
MCTOpMjCKY npMpo.n;y jeBaHl)eJba
3aTO HaM je .n;y)l(HOCT .n;a ce 036MJbHMje
XMTJIepy,
nOBOJbaH TpeTMaH,
Iha je cnp.n;lha, a o.n; cnp.n;lhe ce He MO)l(e .n;yro )l(MBeTM. TaKBa joj je OHTOJIOrMja o.n; canYHMQe.
HMKOJIajy,
.n;eJIY (O.n;HOC npeMa
M TO llITO je BJIa.n;MKa HMKOJIaj
Ty .n;OJIa3MMO .n;o cyrnmHe
TaKo CMO M MM KJIeBeTHMQMMa
HMKaKBO MyqeHMllITBO.
qaK
1)YPMllIMh).
CTaBa npeMa
CBeTMTeJbCKM KYJIT, 6e3 063Mpa
MMao HapO'lMTO
Baj<pop.n; HacTojM
ca xpMllIhaHCKOM
M llaBJIe
3a BpeMe paTa HMje npeTpneo
M lheHY MajKY, He cnMpa
KOjM XpMllIhaHCTBO
HMKOJIaj je 6MO CBe TO - HaQMCTa, XMTJIepo
Koje ra npaTe.
Moryhe
QeHY! A llITO je TM Ky.n;MIll?
lherOB
.n;OllIJIO
KOJIa60pa-
IhMMa cy, nope.n; He.n;Mha M
1)yjMh
y HMKOJIajeBoM
OH je KO.n;HeMaQa
EJIY HajxaY3
HaQMCTM'lKMX
KaKO je o.n;HeraTMBHor
npMCYTHe HMKOJIaj
(Mel)y
MOM'lMJIO
cy "M3MMCJIMJIM" MMT 0 lherOBOM
Bep3e
HMje Ha ryMHY
II CBeTCKor paTa"
y .n;06a CPJ, M3rpal)eH
- JeCTe, aro, OBe ro.n;MHe je y.n;apMJIa HeKa 60JIeCT!
TOMe, y CBeCTM .n;pYllITBa
0 M3BeCHOM 6pojy
M ,Upa)l(a MMXaMJIOBMh,
Baj
Haj60-
M Ka)l(e:
3aXBaJbyjyhM
y npe.n;CTaBaMa
llpaBocJIaBQM
CJIY)l(e6HMK
BeJIM-
y npaBOCJIaBHOM CMa-
M MOJIMTBeHMK,
TeKCTOBM CBeTMX QPKBeHMX OTaQa, M 'QeJIOKyn-
HO MCTOpMjCKO MCKYCTBO' 3anMcaHO
.n;o MCTeKa OCMor BeKa, .n;OJIa3Mo.n; Bora.
192
193
CY HeOCrrOpHe. 360r TOra Y PYCHjH H ~pyrH Y rrpaBOClIaBHOM CBeTY, HajeK-
Pajc rrOCTaBHlIa je rpera PHKMaHa, 3aclIY)l(Hor 3a iw6Hjaibe rrpoQeca jeBpejCKHX)l(pTaBa rrpoTHB llIBajQapcKl1x 6aHaKa. CTejT ,l:(errapTMeHTje aHTHceMH-
CTpeMHHjH rrpaBOClIaBHH aHTHCeMHTHMOry 1I0rHqHO ~a TBp~e ~a CYIbHXOBe
TH3aM y CBOjHM ~oKYMeHTHMa, ~e
360r 'CBeTe' rrpHpO~e CBeTe Tpa~HQHje lbeHe BepCKe H KYJITypHe Bpe~HOCTH
MOHCTpY03He rrorp~e Ha paqYH JeBpeja 3aCHOBaHeHa 'yqelbY QPKBe'." Baj<pop~ Me1)y aHTHCeMHTey6paja CB. JOBaHa 311aTOYCTa,JYCTHHaH1I0co<pa, OpHreHa, ABrycTHHa H ~pyre. OH Ka)l(e ~a ce "HHKollajeBe
peqH 0
JeBpejHMa rrope~e ca MCYCOBHM,H rrpe~cTaBlbajy Kao peqH 60)l(aHCKe lby6a-
1. CBaKY TBP~IbY ~a "jeBpejcKa 3aje~HI1Qa KOHTpollHllIe BlIa~y, Me~Hje, Me1)YHapo~HH 6H3HHC H CBeT
2. CBaKo "CHa)l(HO aHTHH3paellcKo ocenalbe" (anti / Israel santiment); 3. "OllITpa KpHTHKa" H3paellCKI1X lIH~epa, rrpollIlIHx H Ca~allIIbI1X, aH-
BH. / .../ A llITO je HajBa)l(HHje, JeBpejH cy KOHCTpYHcaHH Kao OHH KojHMa je
THceMHTCKa je, Kao H KapHKaType C KYKacTI1M KpCTOM rrOBO~OMrroje~HHHx
rroTpe6HO rrpOCBeTlbelbe': AlIH, Baj<pop~e, HHCYcaMO JeBpejH!
IbHXOBHX rroCTyrraKa (Harra~ ApHjella
- Yqelbe BorOM OTKpHBeHO QPKBH Ka)l(e ~a je CBHM lbY~HMa H HapO~HMa rroTpe6HO rrpOCBeTlbelbe, Kp03 KpllITelbe,
rrpHqellItlHBalbe
TBopelbe 3arrOBeCn:l BO)l(jHX. M TO je cyrnTHHa peqH rocrro~lbe:
XpHCTOM H ",l:(a~e MH
ce CBaKa BlIaCT Ha He6y H Ha 3eMlbH. M~HTe, ~aKlIe, H KpCTHTe CBe Hapo~e
Ma, Y3 cTpa~albe
IIIapoHa
H3a3BallO je rroje~HHe TaKBe KapHKaType, Koje cy rrpornallIeHe MHTcKe") pe ("TallMy~a"
3arrOBe~HO" (MT. 28,18-20)). 3aTo xpHllInaHCKH CBeTH OQH He rrOlleMHllIY caMO ca jy~aH3MoM, KOjH je 0~6aQHO Mcyca BOrOqOBeKa, Hero H ca CBaKHM
Bor, Mcyc XpHCTOC, "CHH 611Y~HHQe");
rraraHH3MOM (KOllHKO xpHllInaHa je CTpa~allO y ~06a PHMCKe HMrrepHje jep cy HcrrOBe~HlIH ~a cy ,,60rOBH rraraHa ~eMOHH, a ~a je rocrro~ He6eca CTBO-
QHOHHCTHqKo-jeBpejcKe 3aje~HHQe;
pHO" (llc. 95, 5)), H ca rHOCTHQH3MOM (MellIaBHHOM rraraHH3Ma H XpHllInaH-
6alll13Ma ("HOBH CBeTCKHrrope~aK");
Klbyqy),
KOjH je TBp~HO ~a je XpHCTOC y TellY
H "Ka6alle";
~a, "TallMy~a':
5. KpHTHKoBalbe BlIa~e H KOHrpeca CA,l:( ~a cy rro~ CHa)l(HHM YTHQajeM
6. KpHTHKoBalbe
jeBpejcKo-QHOHHCTHqKe 3aje~HHQe 360r llIl1pelba rno-
7. OrrTY)l(HBalbe jeBpejcKHx Bo1)a H IbHXOBHX clle~6eHHKa 3a yqellIne y pHMCKOMpacrrHlbalbY Xpl1CTa je aHTI1CeMHTH3aMTaKo1)e;
MalbHM O~ MyxaMe~a,
8. Ilopl1Qalbe aHTHceMHTH3aM;
xone paj Ha 3eMlbH, HlIH paj 6e3 Bora H rrpoTHB Bora), H ca HaQH3MOM(pacHCTHqKO-rraraHCKHX xHlIHja3MoM "XHlba~yro~HllIlber
Pajxa"). XpHllInaHcTBo
je BellHKO ,l:(A cBeTY H qOBeKY,allH H BellHKO HE CBHMlbY~CKHM 3a611y~aMaH oTy1)eIbHMa. Ho, OCHOBHOxpHllInaHcKo
HaqellO je peqeHO CBeTHM JOBaHoM
311aToycTHM: "JepeTHqKe ~orMaTe, cyrrpoTHe OHHMa Koje rrpHMHcMO, Tpe6a pa30611HqaBaTH, a lby~e rraK llITe~eTH H MOllHTH ce 3a IbHXOBO crracelbe:'
3a "aHTHce-
y KOMe rrHllIe ~a je xpHllInaHcKH
~OllIao caMO "rrpHBH~HO': H ca HClIaMOM (KOjH XpHCTa CMaTpa rrpopOKOM H rrOpHqe CBeTY TPOjHQY), H ca KOMYHH3MOM(KOjH
paKeTa-
4. KpHTHKa jeBpejcKe pellHrHje I1IbHXOBI1XBepcKHx Bo1)a HlIH lIHTepaTY-
y HMe OQa H CHHa H CBeTora ,l:(yxa, yqenH HX ~a ~p)l(e CBe llITO caM BaM
CTBa y OKYllTHO-MarHjcKoM
Ha 3arra~HY 06allY
MHOllITBa HeHaopY)l(aHHx rralleCTHHCKHX QHBHlIa, 2002,
~a je y xOlloKaycTY CTpa~allo llIeeT MHlIHOHa JeBpeja je
9. Ha3HBaibe M3paella "paCHCTl1qKOM" ~p)l(aBOM je aHTHceMHTH3aM; 10. TBp~lba Aa rroCTojH "QHOHHCTl1qKa 3aBepa" je aHTHceMHTCKa; 11. TBp~lba ~a cy JeBpejl1 H IbHXOBI1 B01)11HarrpaBHlIH 60lbllIeBHQKY peBollYQHjy je aHTHCeMI1TCKa;
llITO 3HaqH ,,6HpaM': JepeTHK je
12. ,l:(aBalbe "rrOHH)I(aBajynHx H3jaBa" 0 jeBpejcKHM lIHQHOCTHMaje aHTHceMHTH3aM.
qOBeK KOjH je H3a6pao Bepy cyrrpOTHY BepH QpKBe; allH, OH HHje 3a Mp)l(lbY,
Ilo OBHMKpHTepHjYMHMa, CBHJeBpejl1 KOjH KpHTHKyjy rrolll1THKY CA,l:(
rpqKa peq "jepec"
rrOTHqe o~ peqH "ajpeo':
Hero 3a caocenalbe: "IlpOCBeTlIH CBeTlIollIny TBora rr03Haiba OHe,KOjH 3aClIe-
H M3paella Ha BlIl1CKOM MCTOKY cy "aHTHceMHTH" (HoaM qOMCKH), Kao H
rrlbeHH y6HcTBeHHM jepecHMa, o~cTyrrHllIe O~ rrpaBOClIaBHe Bepe, H rrpHBe~H
CBH JeBpejH KojH, QYBajynH rrOllITOBaibe rrpeMa jeBpejcKoM
HX TBOjOj CBeToj, Ca60pHoj xpHllInaHHH CBaKor ~aHa.
HaQHCTa,rrpeHcrrHTyjy H~eollorHjy
H ArrOCTollcKoj QPKBH': MOllH ce rrpaBOClIaBHH
By~ynHocT pa~a JOBaHa Baj<pop~a H lbeMY ClIHqHHX je 3arapaHTOBaHa.
KellllITajH).
"xolloKaycT
CTpa~albY o~
HH~ycTpHje" (HopMaH HH-
IIITa TeK oCTaje 3a Hac, rrpaBOClIaBHe rry611HQHCTe?CBaKH HallI
TeKCT611neTYMaQeH Kao "aHTHceMHTCKI1". A Ha HAillY
QpKBY 6Hne BpllIeH
HaHMe, 16. oKT06pa 2004. rO~HHe, rrpe~ce~HHK CA,l:( J,IopI,I BYllI MlIa1)H rrOTrrHcao je 3aKoH 0 rrpanelbY rn06allHor aHTHceMHTH3Ma (Global Anti /
1)eHo KO~ aMep"QKHX errl1CKOrrallaQa, KOjH cy, 15. jYHa 2006, Ha CBOjOj reHe-
Semitism
pallHoj KOHBeHQHjHOCY~HlIH EBaH1)elba Kao "aHTHjeBpejcKa" H 3aXTeBallH ~a
Review Act), KOjHM ce, y OKBHPy CTejT ,l:(errapTMeHTa, OCHHBarro-
rrpl1THCaK Kao Ha "aHTHCeMI1TcKY': CQl1lbeM ~a ce rrOCTHrHe OHOllITO je ypa-
ce6Ho o~elbelbe 3a rrpanelbe aHTHceMHTH3Ma y cBeTY, C QHlbeM ~a rrO~HOCH
ce H3 clIY)l(6H OBeKOH
rO~HllIIbH H3BellITaj KOHrpecy. Ha qellO o~elbelba 22. Maja 2006, KOH~01lH3a
KpHTepHjYMHMa CTejT ,l:(errapTMeHTa aHTI1CeMl:ITI16H 6l:1lU:IH' CBHjeBpejcKl1
194
195
npopO~H CTapOr 3aBeTa, KOjH CY HenpeCTaHO KpHTHKOBanH jeBpejcKe "penHrH03He nH.n;epe" H CBOj HapO.n;,360r O.n;CTynalbao.n;Bora. O~plbHBalbe o~plbHBalba
CBeTor HHKonaja )l(HqKOr HaCTano je Y OKBHPY onUITer
Cp6a, KOjH Y HOBOM Me.n;HjcKoM nopeTKY He Mory HMaTH HH-
je.n;HY.n;OCTOjHYH Ba:>KHYnHqHOCT nHllIeHY ceHKe (ceHKY 6a~a lbHXOBa "nonHTHqKa HeKopeKTHOCT", HapaBHO). HHKaKBor KOMnpOMHca He CMe 6HTH: Baj
.n;ace C nHKOM
o npaBY
Ha COnCTBeHY HCTOpHjy
Baj<pop.n;HenpeCTaHO HCTHqe KaKOje nOBeCT 0 HHKonajy BenHMHpOBHhy caMO je.n;HaKOHCTpYKQHja,qHjH je QHJbnpehYTKHBalbe HenpHjaTHHx qHlbeHHQa 0 HHKonajeBoM (H Cp6CKOMyonllITe) aHTHceMHTH3MY.THMe, 3aKnalbajyhH ce H3a npHBH.n;He 06jeKTHBHOCTH, rocno.n;HH xohe .n;aCBoj .n;HCKYpC npornaCH "je.n;HHO cnacaBajyhHM", OHHM llITO Hac cnacaBa o.n;CBHX 3aMKH
HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha Y Cp6CKOj KynTypH Tpe6a nOMHpHTH. An6axapH
HaQHOHanHCTHqKOr H "aHTHeyponcKor"
Ka:>Ke:"JeBpejcKa 3aje.n;HH~a 6H Mopana.n;a npHXBaTH HeMHHOBHOCTHeKHX
<pop.n;xohe.n;a HaM HaMeTHe CBOJY Bep3Hjy HAlliE
pa3nHqHTHX TYMaqelba (Kao Y cnyqajy
MH npaBo Ha CBOjy HCTOpHjy? EBo llITa Ka:>Kel)aKoH AH.n;pej KypajeB:
aHTHceMHTCKHX HCKa3a Y .n;enyBna-
.n;HKeHHKonaja), jep penHrHja H KYnTypa, Kao H caMa HCTopHja, qeCTO HMajy
cy6jeKTHBH3Ma. Je.n;HOMpeqjy, BajHCTopHje ... A HMaMO nH
"MH HHCMOqHCTH, HeBannoheHH .n;YXOBH.HallIa cpe.n;HHa,BacnHTalbe,
.n;BaBH.n;aKoja, H3rne.n;a, Mopajy 3aje.n;HO.n;anOCToje. OHO llITO je .n;06po 3a
nopeKno H 06pa30Balbe BeOMa YTHqe Ha HallI H360p OBHXHnH OHHXn03HQH-
je.n;HY CTpaHY, He Mopa .n;a6y.n;e .n;06po 3a .n;pyry, a YKonHKO cy 06e CTpaHe
ja. qOBeKoB H360p MO:>Ke6HTH .n;HKTHpaHHe cynpoTCTaBJbalbeM pa3YMCKHX
CBeCHellITa TO 3HaqH .n;pyroj CTpaHH, H YBa:>KaBajypa3nHKe, OH.n;aje Moryhe
apryMeHaTa, Hero qYBCTBHMa, ocehalbHMa,
H .n;aJbe3aje.n;HO:>KHBeTH.A TO je OHO llITO je Cp6HjH .n;aHacHajnoTpe6HHje:
COQHjanHo-KnaCHHM HCKYCTBOM(y MapKCH3MYnocTojH .n;enHhHCTHHe). ITo.n;
MHpaH 3aje.n;HHqKH:>KHBOT, Y3 cnpeMHOCT .n;apa3YMeMO .n;pyre .n;a6H OHH, Ha
OBHM ce no.n;pa3YMeBaH - oceh~lbe HaQHOHanHe conH.n;apHOCTHHnH, Hanpo-
Kpajy, pa3YMenH Hac:' (OBe peqH nOTllHcyjeM, o.n;cpQa.) Ha OBOBaj<pop.n;o.n;-
THB, oTyl)eHoCTH. Kao llITO je rOBopHO 1lI0neHxayep,
roBapa: "HeKpHTHqKO 060:>KaBalbe HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha H n03HTHBHa
Ha TO KOje qHjH CHH - CMellIHO je H cnY:>KHKao 3HaK OrpaHHqeHOCTH YMa'.
TYMaqelba lberOBor KOHTpOBep3Hor .n;enay cpncKoj npaBocnaBHoj
KYnTypH
HHCY HellITO llITO HMa nepHKHOCTHxpHllIhaHCKor
YBa:>KaBalba.
aHTHceMHTH3Ma HMa
HHTepeCHMa. Y TOM cMHcny H
JaCHOje.n;a HaQHOHanHa, KynTypHa H penHrHjcKa
'He 06pahaTH na:>KlbY npHna.n;HOCT BeOMa
YTHqy Ha TO KaKO lby.n;HnpHMajy je.n;aHTe HCTH npe.n;MeT.TypCKH norne.n; Ha PYCKYHCTOpHjy BeOMace pa3nHKyje o.n;norne.n;a pYCKor HCTOpHqapa. KynHKoBO nOJbe je - nOJbe cnaBe 3a HeKe pYCKe rpal)aHe, H nOJbe Tyre 3a HeKe .n;pyre
YTHQaj Ha Mel)YBepCKH .n;Hjanor, npe CBera 3aTO llITO 06e36el)yje
(jOllI YBeK) lbeHe rpal)aHe. paH~YCKOnOHMalbe pYCKe HCTopHje TaKol)e ce
.n;ace npeHcnHTHBalbe .n;OKTpHHapHor CTaBa npeMa JeBpejHMa y npaBocnaB-
pa3nHKyje o.n;HallIer. KpHMCKH paT 3a lbHX HHje ropKa ycnoMeHa, a BOpo.n;HH-
nory6aH
HOM xpHllIhaHCTBY jeBpejcKHM
He CTaBJba Ha .n;HeBHHpe.n; pacnpaBe
0 xpHllIhaHCKO-
O.n;HOCHMa:'Eaj<pop.n; HCTHqe .n;aje Mel)y Cp6HMa 6Hno MHoro
OHHX KOjH, HaKO HHCY 6HnH TonHKO 06pa30BaHH,
HnaK jecy ,,3aY3enH o.n;-
HOCnpeMa JeBpejHMa KOjH je 3a CBaKY noxBany H npHXBaTHnH nOnHTHqKH CTaB KOjH je, HacynpoT BenHMHpOBHheBOM, 6HO He.n;BOCMHcneHOaHTH<pallIHCTHqKH" (06paTHMO na:>KlbY: HHKonaj je 6HO ".n;BOCMHcneH" y O.n;HOCY npeMa <pallIH3MY!)
CKOnOJbe OHH cMaTpajy nOJbeM cBoje n06e.n;e. He.n;aBHOCMO ca3HanH .n;ace qaK H YKpajHHcKo CXBaTalbe HCTopHje PYCHje OllITpO pa3nHKyje o.n;HallIer. HapaBHO, nOCTojH H jeBpejcKa peQenQHja HCTopHje PYCHje (Ha npHMep, .n;ena A. JaHOBa). BHno KOjH HCTOpHqap 3Ha .n;anpHnHKOM aHanH3e .n;OKYMeHaTaTpe6a Y3eTH y 063HP Koja HaM ra je CTpaHa OCTaBHna. He MO:>Kece npocTo npHMHTH TBp.n;lbaH3 HeKe xpOHHKe, He nOCTaBJbajyhH nHTalbe 0 TOMe KO, y KaKBHM ycnoBHMa H 360r qera je TY XPOHHKYnHcao. qaK H QHKyjeMo HeKH BH3aHTHjcKo-nepcHjcKH
cYK06, HHje HaM .n;OBOJbHO .n;a
Ka:>KeMO.n;a,eTO, HeKH neTonHcaQ VI BeKa onHcyje H3BeCTaH paT. MopaMO 06aBe3Ho .n;aYKa:>KeMOHa TO - KOjOj CTpaHH je neTonHcaQ npHna.n;ao. O.n;nHqaH npHMep Tora KonHKO je.n;HOCTpaHOMO:>Ke6HTH Hallie CXBaTalbe .n;oral)aja aKO He paqYHaMO Ha 'napTHjHoCT' CBe.n;OKa,HaBe.n;eHje KO.n; KOHCTaHTHHa JIeoHTjeBa: 'J.1llIKona, H CTHXOBHH MHOllITBO qnaHaKa H pOMaHa HayqHnH cy Hac CBe .n;ao.n;paHor .n;eTHlbCTBaC .n;pXTajeM ycxHhelba
196
197
tH1TaMO 0 MapaTOHY, CalIaMHHH H nlIaTejH H ,n;a,CBHM CPQeM caocehajyhH ca CBOjHM jelIHHcKHM perry61IHKaHQHMa, me,n;aMO Ha nepcHjaHQe CKOpO C Mp)l(lhOM H rrpe3HpOM. CehaM ce KaKO CaM ClI}"IajHo rrpO'lHTaO (H TO KO,n;
PaHHjH Op;rOBOp JOBaHY Baj4>opP;Y
KOra? - KO,n;XepQeHa!) 0 TOMe ,n;acy rrepcHjcKH rrlIeMHhH caMH CKaKalIH y
JOBaHYnajcpop,n;y je, Ha je,n;aHlherOB 'IlIaHaK, Beh o,n;rOBopHOrrpocpecop TeolIorHje H3 JIH6epTHBHlIa, npe,n;par CaMapI,l:Hh, y KlhH3H "BlIa,n;HKa HHKO-
Mope,n;a 6H OlIaKllIalIHlIal)y
lIaj H HOBH 3aBeT 0 JeBpejHMa". YKa3ao je Ha OCHOBHerrpaBQe najcpop,n;OBor
H crraClIH KcepKca,,n;a cy, je,n;aHrro je,n;aH,,n;01Ia3H-
lIH Qapy H KlIalhalIH MY ce, rrpe HO llITO CKO'le C rralIy6e ... CehaM ce, Ka,n;caM
KlIeBeTalha, H YKa3ao KaKO Ha lhHX ,n;ace o,n;rOBopH. npe CBera, Y0'lHO je ,n;a
TO rrpO'lHTaO, ,n;acaM ce 3aMHClIHO H peKao ce6H: XepQeH TO C rrpaBOM 30Be
najcpop,n; KOpHCTH KOMYHHCTH'IKe HCTOpH'Iape Kao OCHOBHHH3BOp 3a cBoje Harra,n;e:
rrepcHjcKHM TepMorrHlIHMa. To je cTpallIHHje H MHoro BelIH'IaHcTBeHHje o,n; TepMorrHlIa! To ,n;oKa3yje CHlIY H,n;eje,CHlIY YBepelha Behy Hero KO,n;JIeoHH-
"TaKo, ,n;OKy H3BopHMa rocrro,n;HH najcpop,n; HaBo,n;H, 'IeCTO ,n;pyropa-
,n;HHHXca60paQa, jep je lIaKllIe rrOlIO)l(HTH CBOj )l(HBOT Y )l(apy 6HTKe, Hero
3pe,n;He, HaMa caBpeMeHe )l(ypHalIHCTe KOMYHHCTH'IKor rre,n;Hrpea, ,n;OTlIe,
rrpOMHllIlbeHO H XlIa,n;HOKpBHO,6e3 HKaKBe rrpHHy,n;e,O,n;lI}"IHTHce Ha caMOY6HCTBO360r pelIHrH03Ho-,n;p)l(aBHHX QHlbeBa! O,n;Tor 'lac a, cehaM ce, rro'leo
peQHMO, He HalIa3H 3a CXO,n;HO ,n;aHaBe,n;eCBe,n;O'laHCTBO0 HHKolIajy lherOBa
caM ,n;anepcHjy me,n;aM ,n;pyra'lHje o,n;Ha'lHHa Ha KOjH Me je }"IHlIa rroe3Hja, llIKOlIa H BehHHa HCTOpHjCKHXcrrHca' (K. JIeoHTjeB, BU3aHlUU3aM U Cl108eHClU80, MocKBa 1996, CTp. 98).
,n;eHTaH 'IlIaHa cppaHQYCKeAKa,n;eMHje HaYKa - ClI060,n;aHa JOBaHOBHha, Kao
JacHo je,n;a ce rrpHlIHKoM HeKor cYK06a Mopajy caclIY1IIaTH 06e cTpaHe.
caBpeMeHHKa H CBeTCKHnpH3HaTor rrpaBHHKa - HHa'le 1I0H,n;OHCKorpe3HH MHorHX ,n;pyrHx 3HaMeHHTHX H o,n;KapaKTepa H HHTerpHTeTa lIH'IHOCTH, a HHKolIajeBHx MHxaHlIa
caBpeMeHHKa H rr03HaBalIaQa. OB,n;ece rrpHcehaMO, peQHMO,
nyrrHHa,
MCH,n;ope CeKYlIHh, eHrJIeCKOr aHmHKaHCKor 6HcKyrra
AlIH, ,n;a6H ce OBOrrpaBHlIo HcrrYHHlIo Tpe6a MaKap 6HTH CBeCTaH,n;aTe CTpa-
nella, Tarope, HaCTaBHH'IKOr Beha KHHrc KOlIeI,Ia H3 JIoH,n;OHa,r,n;eje HHKO-
He rrocToje H ,n;acy OHe pa31IH'IHTe. M Heorrxo,n;HOje pehH: OBOje rrepcHjcKH
lIaj 1919. ro,n;HHe o,n;p)l(ao 3arra)l(eHO rrpe,n;aBalhe, HT,n;.HaCTaBHH'IKH caBeT KHHrc KOlIeI,Ia je 6HO 3a,n;HBlbeH HHKolIajeBoM lIH'IHOllihy H rOTOB ,n;aMY
rrome,n;. OBO je - rp'lKH. OBO je - PYCKH. OBO - jeBpejcKH. M aKO, pa,n;ehH C TeKCTOMKa)l(eM ,n;aje TY ClIHKY ,n;aoyrrpaBo rrepcHjcKH HCTOpH'Iap - xohe lIH TO 6HTH paCH3aM? 3allITO ce TO He ,n;03BOlbaBa? AKO 'IHTaMO orrHC HeKor ,n;peBHor rpa,n;a KojH HaM je OCTaBHO,n;peBHH
. YP}"lH H rrO'laCHH ,n;OKTopaT, alIH je y TOMe 6HO Crrpe'leH rrpaBHlIHHKOM KOlIeI,Ia, rro KOMe ce nO'laCHH ,n;OKTopaT,n;o,n;elbyjecaMO maBH KpalbeBCKe Kyhe:' najcpop,n; je Yo'leH Kao 'IOBeK KojH rrorpelliHO
rrYTHHK, HMaMOrrYHo rrpaBo,n;a rrpemOCTaBHMo,n;a je ClIHKa KOjy HaM je rrOHY-
rrpeBo,n;H o,n;lIYKeCa60pa
,n;HOHeraTHBHa H ,n;aHe o,n;rOBapacaCBHM CTBapHOCTHH3 BeOMa KOHKpeTHHX
cnu;:
pa31Iora. OH je pealIHOCT Ha'lHHHO KapHKaTypalIHoM - rrpOCTO3aTO, llITO je y TOM rpa,n;y 6HO Tyl)HH; 3eMlba KOjy je orrHCHBao HHje 6111Ia'Hallia 3eMlba',
,n;eHQH03HOH cpa'lYHaTO HaorraKO rrpeBe,n;eH TeKCT Ca60pCKe o,n;lIYKe, a y
Hero 'Ta 3eMlba', a lherOB Hapo,n;je ca TaMOllIlhHM )l(HBlbeM rroo,n;aBHOHMao
Be3H ca KaHOHH3aQHjoM HHKolIaja,
KOjy aYTOp rrpeBo,n;H ca 'je,n;HomaCHa H
HepallI'IHllIheHe
6e3 pacrrpaBe (undisputed)
0 'IeMY ce pa,n;H?
pa'lYHe. MH He BepyjeMo CBHM CBe,n;O'laHCTBHMaKpH)l(apa
o Ha'lHHY )l(HBOTa BH3aHTHHaQa - H rrpH TOM 06jallilhaBaMO:
TO je, 3HaTe,
"Beh y rrpBHM pe,n;OBHMarrpocpecopOBa TeKCTa 'IHTaMO HaMepHO, TeH-
o,n;lIYKa'.
}J;a6H jaCHHje came,n;alIHllITa aYTop xohe ,n;aKa)l(e H Ky,n;aHac YCMepaBa,
ClIHKa KOjy je OCTaBHOHeKH
rroTpe6HO je ,n;arrpHBe,n;eMOH3BO,n;H3 3BaHH'lHOr caorrllITelha Ca60pa cnu;.
pHrpa,n;a 6HlIO MHoro Tora HeCXBaTlbHBor H Tyl)er. OH je )l(HBOT BH3aHTHje
EBO Tor TeKcTa: C8eiUu ApxujepejcKu
rne,n;ao rrome,n;OM lIHllIeHHM lby6aBH - H 3aTO HHCMO,n;06HlIH TOlIHKO rrop-
19. Maja jegHogyutHOM U jegHolllacHoM
TpeT, KOlIHKO KapHKaTYPY. TaKBo pa3MHllIlbalhe - ,n;aHHje MO)l(,n;arrpojaBa paCH3Ma?"
OXpUgCKOIU JlCUtiKOIHUKollaja
Ha,n;HCTOpHjCKHMH3BOpOM
c8eiUe IIpa80Clla8He He HCKlb}"lyje,
Ca60p CpUCKe IIpa80Clla8He IJ,pK8e je ca6opcKoM OgllYKOMYHeo eUUCKoua
(BelluMupo8una)
y KalleHgap c8eiUux Haute
IJ,pK8e. Je,n;Ho,n;YllIHaH je,n;HomaCHa ca60pCKa o,n;lIYKa
'IaK npeTrrOCTaBlba, rrpeTxo,n;HY pacrrpaBY. nOClIe pacrrpaBe
je, camaCHO arrOCTolIcKoj Tpa,n;HQHjH- Koja je orreT CBe,n;OK HeKHX paHHjHx jy,n;ejcKHxTpa,n;HQHja - TO rrOCBe,n;O'leHOrro Ha'lelIY: 1138011Uce l1.yxy C8eiUoM U HaMa (,[(ella An. 15,28). OBaj rrpHHQHrr rro,n;pa3YMeBaH YKlb}"lyje je,n;Ho,n;Y1IIHY H je,n;HomaCHY rrpOKlIaMaQHjy. Je,n;Ho,n;YllIHYH je,n;HomaCHY jep ce cBe,n;O'lH0 rrpHcycTBy}J;yxa
CBeTOr, KOjHM 3aje,n;HHQa,Ca60p, y OBaKBHM cHTyaQHjaMa
199
198 '.n;~nlIe', ,1J;yxa npojaBlbeHor yqM MCTMHM M Uenoj
M npMCYTHOr
Ha .n;OTMqHOM CBeTMTelbY, ,1J;yxa KOjM
MCTMHM M KOjM CBe 06je.n;MlDyje.
/ .. ./
HeKaKaB ,,'t'aIIIMCTMqKM rh
IIpeBO.n; rOCnO.n;MHa Eaj<pop.n;a, ca lDerOBOM 'O.n;nYKOM 6e3 paCnpaBe' hyje
y npaBQY
HeKMX .n;eKpeTMBHMX KnepMKanHO-TOTanMTapHMX
oneT, caCBMM MCKlbyqyje (IIITO je M3 jeBpejcKe yqelDY,1J;yx
He caMO npMCYCTBO M npojaBlbMBalDe
TeonOIIIKe
nepcneKTMBe
yny-
YKa3a. To,
jep no IDMXOBOM
a KOjM no IDMXOBOM cXBaTalDY
jOIII HMje .n;OIIIao), Hero M MCKlbyqelDe,
O.n;HOCHOO.n;CYTHOCTM CBa-
Ke .n;yrne M .n;yrneBHOCTM. OBa TeH.n;eHQMja JOBaHa Eaj<pop.n;a - npMKa3aTM caM npoQec
KaHOHM3aQMje
TOTanMTapHor
y CpncKoj
M .n;eMarOIIIKor
CTMKa Koja ce y lDeroBoj
IIpaBocnaBHoj
nopMBa
- ynpaBo
CTy.n;MjM jaBlba
M TpajalDe qeo
cBoje
TeH.n;eHQMje .n;a Cp6e
TOTanMTapHor
M
UPKBM y KaTeropMjaMa
,1J;a6M o.n;p)l(ao
M CBe cpnCKO npe.n;CTaBM Kao M3pa3
M caMO TOTanMTapHor
o.n;aH.n;e o.n;aKne M ca qMMe ce HajnaKIIIe
y HaMa, .n;pyr JOBaH je M noM Hajpa.n;Mje
npen03HajeMo
M
M.n;eHTM
.n;eTalbe 3Ha.n;a ce Ha Ca60py, Blbano
0 CBMM peneBaHTHMM
HMje ce pacnpaBlbano
3a ny6nMKY
Tpe6a
HanOMeHYTM
a nOBo.n;OM KaHOHM3aQMje acneKTMMa
0 'lDerOBOM
lDerOBor
HMje pacnpaBlbano
M3 npOCTor
'TeKCT 0 JeBpejMMa',
O.n;HOCHOIIITO ra HMKO y CpncKoj
IIITO je Mano
KO M 3Hao
y CpncKoj
UPKBM
BMM MMeHOM MMeHyjeMo IIITO Tora y CIIU
aHTMjeBpejcKa-aHTMceMMTCKa
TM je 'MIIIjy' cpncKMM
(issue)
OnaKIIIaBajyha
'cpncKMM
npOTMB
IIpaBocnaBHe
Ka je aKTyanM30BaHa npOTMB
UpKBe.
M npojeKToBaHM JeBpeja,
IIpaBocnaBHe
CBpxe, BM CTe 0.n;a6panM e
Cp6a
nocne.n;IDMX ro.n;MHa MHoro
BaH UpKBe
U aHUluceMUUlCKU pelluiu03HU
onp06anM,
a HeManM 6poj
IIpe
Bac caMMX M EMnMra.
CBera, cpncKor
<paIIIM3Ma HMje HMKa.n;a HM 6Mno. EMno je np0<paIIIM-
TOKOM ,1J;pyror CBeTCKor paTa, npM qeMY oCTaje nMTalDe:
Kao HM M npa-
HMMel)y
HaqKor.
rnaBHMHY
Mel)YTMM,
naK ro.n;MHa Mel)y Cp6MMa
y OBOM nepMO.n;y Ha3MBaTM
HeOCHOBaHO, YKonMKO 360paIIIKM
npoTMB
KOMYlDapa.
oBaj.n;MO:'
M cnOBe-
je .n;enOBao ,1J;MMMTpMje JbOTMh .
aHTMKOMYHM3aM
cpnCKM
<paIIIM3aM
je
He CMaTpaTe <paIIIM3MOM.
c
rOBopMnM,
caM ,1J;MMMTpMje JbOTMh
BYKY KopeHa
M3BeCHMM cnojeBMMa
HM Ha KaKBO 3no
Ha TOMe cy ce
OnMqeHM y
xpBaTCKor
lDerOB nOKpeT
BM, KaKO cy MapKcMcTM
O.n;HOCHO Hapo.n;e. Haj3a.n;,
KOjM xpoHonoIIIKM
TeMaTM-
nopeKna,
OHM cy OBMX M nOTOIDMX ro.n;MHa 6MnM )l(eCTOKM M .n;OCTa e
nOKpeTa
- M .n;a nM caMO
MnM M.n;eonOIIIKor
Kao JyrocnoBeHM,
Hapo.n;a JyrocnaBMje.
TpM.n;eceTMx
CTalD y je .n;aMHKPMMMHe HeKa MHcnMpMTMBHa
To cy TpM .n;OMMHaHTHe eTHMqKe je.n;MHMQe, Koje cy Ta.n;a CaqMlDaBane
TeopMje
UpKBe.
CUUCUHacUla8lbajy ga UHCUUPUUlYCUlle xpu-
UlnaHcKe gecHu£4eY ca8peMeHoM CpUCKOMgPYUlUl8Y. Cne.n;e MMeHa, IIonoBa,
lby.n;e cpnCKor
.n;OTMqHM
'1ecUlOYKa3U8allU, Be-
TepMMHonorMjy)
360p, KojM je oKynlbao
M MCTMM MHCTpYMeHTanM30-
M IDMXOBe IIpaBocnaBHe
qMTalDa
ioguHa (1930), '1uju KllepuKallHu, Ha£4uoHallUCUlU'IKU, aHUluMogepHucUlu'IKU
nMTMqKe
,1J;pyrMM peqMMa,
qMTalDe je: KO-
llUMup08un je 6uo jegaH og illa8HUX ugeolloia cpuCKoi ¢aUlU3Ma UlpugeceUlux
nOKpeTY
6y.n;yhM TeMOM BaH IDe, OHM
UpKBe.
MnM
HeKaKO ancop60-
.n;aBM npOTMB OBaKBor
3a lDerOB
KO.n;Hac HMje 6MO
Ha XYIIIKalDe
peQMMO,
MMeHa HeKMX EHrne3a
MM 6MCMO .n;OTMqHY CMHTarMY
onpe.n;elbMBanM
aKTyenaH
M KpeaTypa,
BanM, Mel)YTMM, nope.n; MMeHa Koja npMBo.n;MTe, je.n;MHO Moryhe
EBponejQMMa'.
.n;a He npM3MBajy
.n;OKnpM3MBajy
y KpyroBMMa
A
lle8U£4e (ca.n;a, .n;a CTe npMBenM
YTMnMTapHe
.n;enOBalDa, Hero 3aTO
JecTe, Mel)YTMM,
M aYTOQeH3ypMcaHMM
- npOTMB CpnCKe
BaHa y 60p6M
UpKBe.
TeKCTOBM HMCY TeMa, norOTOBO
cy TaKO npe.n;CTaBlbeHM
XYIIIKalDe?
CpncKe
eneMeHaTa
OHM cy ce Mel)YTMM,
OH HMje HM .n;aH-.n;aHac aKTyenaH,
cTBap npM OBaKBOM qMlDeHMqHOM
CHara y OKBMPy CpnCKe
MnM xyrnKalDe
30Be ISSUE.
y KpMny
HenpMjaTelbMMa
HMcaHM HMKonajeBM
'1apu llu6epamte
HeKMX .n;pyrMX 3ana.n;lDaKa,
CTMqKMX eneMeHaTa
UPKBM HMje HMKa.n; HM
HMje HM 6Mno. O.n;HOCHO, aHTMceMMTM3aM
OHO IIITO ce Ha eHrneCKOM
M aHTMnpaBocnaBHMX
MH.n;MBM.n;ya- BM 6MCTe peKnM
.n;a nM cy TO 6MnM M3 HeBOlbe,
BM.n;MMO M npM3HaMO
.n;eMa-rOIIIKOM TMpa.n;OM,
Ha QMTaTMMa .n;MjaneKTMqKe .n;eMarorMje
yaepelDa?
HMKa.n;a 6MO aKTyenaH,
.n;OTMqHa TeMaTMKa. He 3aTO IIITO He )l(enMMo.n;a
cTy.n;Mje 3aOKpY)l(yjeTe
ce
0 'aHTMceMMTM3My'
CMaTpao Kao .n;e
pacnpa-
)l(MBOTa. MCTMHM 3a BOlbY,
aHTMceMMTM3MY'.
pa3nora
.n;a ce y
HMKonaja,
cBoje
na HMje HM qy.n;o .n;aje CBa M3rpal)eHa
1)opl)eBMha,
Haj3a.n;, y BM.n;y MH<popMaQMje
6MO
M.n;eonor " :
CTpaHMQY
npOKOMYHMCTMqKMX
TBp.n;lDe .n;a je HMKonaj
HeM aTe HMIIITa, anM nOIIITO CTe nMcanM Ha eHrneCKOM M y nponaraH.n;MCTMqKe
je OHa QPTa M KapaKTepM-
KapaKTepMCTMqHO.
M Ha Eaj<pop.n;OBe
MYHUCUlU'IKU KpUUlU'Iapu. IIpeTnOCTaBlbaM
Kao .n;OMMHaHTHa y CBeMY IIITO je y
Eaj<pop.n;OBOM M3.n;aIDY cpnCKO M 3a Cp6e MHTeH3MTeT
"IIpBY
,1J;yxa CBeTOra
pa3YMlbMBO,
CBeTM he .n;OhM Ka.n;a .n;ol)e MecMja,
M BepoBalDY
OCBPHYO ce CaMapI,mh
M3 apTMKynMcaHMx
npeTXo.n;e
nOnMTMqKMX
<paIIIM3MY.
IIpM
IDMXOBe .n;oKTpMHe no.n;y.n;apajy,
Te3e, no-
CTaBOBa M
qeMY ce M .n;OK ce y .n;oTne
ce y MHOrMM
MMMOMna3e.
CaM ,1J;MMMTpMje JbOTMh ce6e HMje cMaTpao KpeT. ,1J;anM cy ra HaYKa M MCTopMja je.n;aH .n;06ap rapaHT,
npMXBaTMo
6MX BaM 3a Taj no.n;YXBaT HeKor ,1J;0Ta.n;a BaM npenopyqyjeM.n;a TpMja
3aMeIDyjeTe
Ka)l(e KaKO lDerOBe
JbOTMha,
npe
<paIIIMcToM,
.n;eMaHToBanM,
oTBopeHo
6MX ce .n;a TO MCTpa)l(MM, KBanM
CBera Ha lDerOBe
na)l(lDY
rOBope
HMTM CBOj noje nMTalDe.
Y3
O.n;HOCHO HaIIIao
M 3aMHTepecoBaHMjer.
Ha TeKCTOBe caMor
M qnaHKe,
,1J;MMM-
r.n;e je 3a nOqeTaK
201
200 1I06ap
01lUMa Iwju ce lbyiUe, KaO M KIhMry ,l(UMuiUpuje
'IJIaHaK:
lboiUun
y
OBaj rrOKpeT Ha cprrcKoj jellaH
,nMMMTpMje
rrOJIMTM'IKOj CIJ;eHM HMje HMKalla
rrOCTO 6Mpa'IKOr
JbOTMh
rOBopMo
TeJIa. Y3 OBO Tpe6a
Y HapollY,
rrpBeHCTBeHO )l(pTaBa. TyqeH
3aY3BpaT
1944),
maCa'IKa
lIa je caM
rrJIeBa, HerO
oBaj rrOKpeT je 6MO 6poj'IaHO
He-
rrpOTMB <pa1lIM3Ma - <pa1lIM3Ma KojM ce
lIao Ha JIMKBMlIaIJ;Mjy JeBpeja
MlIoTyqeH
YCKpC
KOjM je Y 60p6M
MOraO lIa rrpe-
HarrOMeHYTM
KaKO MY HMje rroTpe6Ha
jYHaIJ;M M CBeTMTeJbM. nMJIO KaKO MY lIparo, 3Ha'IajaH
- rrporropIJ;MOHaJIHO
lIao HajBMllIe
je rroll Kpaj paTa, Kalla je TOJIMKO MCKpBaBMO, 1I01laTHO rrooll MCrux
CaBe3HMKa
(peIJ;MMo: 60M6aplloBaIhe
Cp6Mje
MYHM3aM, 3a KOjMM BM rrOMaJIO rrpMryIIIeHo CJIe CBMX OBMX TelliKoha
jallMKyjeTe,
'IMHehM
Cp6MMa,
rro-
Kp03 Koje CMO rrpOIliJIM M Kp03 Koje rrpOJIa3MMO, MCTO
IlITO cy HaM 'IMHMJIM CaBe3HMIJ;M M TMMe Hac 1I0Tyu;aJIM.
HallaTM
ce lIa HaM
HeheTe OBora rrYTa, He lIao nor, rrOHOBO 1I0BeCTM KOMYHM3aM M KOMYHMCTe:' je 0 HMKOJIajeBoM
",nMMMTpMje TpMlIeceTMX 3a
36op,
IherOBa
peKao
cMaTpajyhM
HMje ce 3aJIaraO
rr03MIJ;Mja M rrepcneKTMBa.
1I0llIJIa rroll Yllap )l(MBOTHOr McrrMTa TOKOM ,npyror
paTa, rrOKa3aJIO ce lIa HMje M311p)l(aJIa TeCT. TeopMja a ,nMMMTpMje
M IherOBM
cJIe1l6eHMIJ;M cY ce jacHo
rrpelleJIMJIM. HMKOJIaj ce orrpelleJIMO IherOBMM
ollBo1)eIheM
HOM M3BOPy M MHcrrMpaTOpy aKpellMTMBe,
ra jeBpejcKor
BJbaM lIa je CacYHoB
yrJIell
- MO)l(lIa
'IYHa 0 Ty1)MM rrapaMa. M3BOp 3a HMKOJIaja ,no Talla,
HayqHa
cprrCKor
CBeTCKor
OCTaJIa TeopMja,
aKalleMcKMx
y HeKMM lIpyrMM
y
Kao maBHM
BaIlIe
MHCTMTYU;Mja, rrpe CBe-
YHMBep3MTeTa.
TIpemocTa-
a He y aKalleMcKMM
"Balli
rroKYIIIaj
MeHTY. ,npyrMM
KOJIMKO-TOJIMKO
y BeJIMKoj
Cp6MMa
HeBe3aHO
HMKOJIajeBa
orryca
MHKpMMMHMcaHe
pe'IM
jellHa
TpYHKa rrpallIMHe
rrepcrreKTMBa
Ty, lIaKJIe, HeMa HMKaKBliX
HMKOJIajeBM
TeKCTOBM HMCY HMlIaHac Cp6MMa
Tor cerMeHTa
KJIa.o;HMjMM lIeJIOBMMa
HarMIhaIhY
M3 IherOBe
MHTeprrpeTaIJ;MjaMa, TpajaIha
aKTyaJIM30BaJIM
rrpaBIJ;y rrOJIMTM'IKO- rrOJIMTMKaHTCKMX eBpo- rrOTKycypMBaIha.
KOjy 6MCTe lIa
CBeTY rrpOllaTe
Kao HeKa
aTeHTaT Ha HMKOJIaja
HelliTO
,naKJIe, HMKOJIajeBe aKTyeJIHe,
- 0 Kojoj
CBellO'IM M BeJIMK
Koje ce HaBeJIMKO M HeCMeTaHO rrpollajy
rro cprrcKMM
y TeopMjaMa Bpeje.
MHKpMMMHMcaHe
pe'IM 0 JeBpejMMa
lIa 1I0TM'IHe
KaHCTBa cy rrOKYIIIaj
OCa3HaJIM, rrpMXBaTMJIM
TeKCTOBe, YCMepMBIlIM
HMCY HMKalla
3aBepe,
Me1)y Cp6MMa
lIa 3a cBoje
HMKOJIaja,
MMarMHaIJ;MjaMa
6MJIe
rrOJIMTM-
M rr03MB M Ca6JIa3aH CJIa6MMa
HeBOJbe, KojMX HMje MaJIO, Tpa)l(e MTlI, rlle 3acMrypHo
To MM, Me1)YTMM, Hehe HMIlITa rroMohM,
M~ y
KOHTeKCTMMa. Ba-
TeKCTOBe CTaBMTe y
lIerpallMpaIha
Kp03
rrpe Hero cy M3BeCHM COIJ;MjaJIHM eJIeMeHTM
rrorOTOBY He y HeKMM COIJ;MjaJIHO-rrOJIMTM'IKMM
M HerrpOCBeheHMMa
'IMMe ce rrpaBlIa: rrorrYJIapHOCT
HMKOJIajeBe
cy rrperr03HaJIM,
Kao
He YKJIarra ce
M MCTopMje.
rrOHeJIM 3a
MHoro
OTY-
M 3aMeHOM MCTor rrpM-
<paIlIM3Ma.
rrporraraHlIOM,
Cp6"
aKTyeJIHM Me1)y Cp6M-
Ka aHTMceMMTM3MY,
6Morpa
M HaKJIOIheHMjMM
M TpajaIha
M Ha IherOBO
COIJ;MjaJIHO-rrOJIMTM'I-
M Me1)y cprrCKMM HerrpMjaTeJbMMa.
MCTOpMjCKM rrpoIJ;ec cprrCKor
HMKOJIaja,
OHO je
HMTM eBpo-rrepcrreKTMBa.
KOHCTaTaIJ;Mja 0 HMKOJIajeBoM
y oHajYHYTpallIIhM
y
y Koje je :HMKOJIaj
M rrpellCTaBMJIM
CTe ce HaIliJIM,
0 JeBpejMMa
- HMCY HMKalla Me1)y
rrpoIJ;ec MCTopMje
cprrCKor
IherOBOM cer-
C TMM lIa JIM cy Ha BJIaCTM KOMYHMCTM
BOllMTH pa-
M HerrOBpaTHO
jellHocTaBHO
HM y jellHOM
IJ;eJIMM CBOjMM 6MheM, a IlITO ce orreT pe
M rrpeKpMBaIhe
rrJIaHeTe,
II1 aKO cy 3a HeKora M MMaJIe HeKO 3Ha'IeIhe,
IJ;eJIOKyrrHo CTBapaJIaIliTBO.
lIa Ballia
lIa Ta pa3MMllIJbaIha
M3 COTMpOJIOIlIKMX rrepcrreKTMBa,
6MO rrorp~eH
JIerMTMMHO
rpa1)aHMHa
Kp03 iUaMllU'tKU Up030p - pe'IM Koje cy cpa3MepHO
6MJIe aKTyeJIHe.
M3paIhaJIO
HMKOJIajeBe
HaJIa3M cBoje
1I06pOHaMepHor
MCTM, HMKOJIajeBe
KIhM3M [lO/lleg
3arrpeMMHM
rrOllpa3YMeBaTe
3a6pMHYTOCT
lIpyror
npMTaHMjM.
1I0KYMeHaT,
M3BOp M MHcrrMpaTopa
lIa je naj
MM lIa je IhMXOBa
6Mhe 3eMJba rrpOJIeTepCKa'
YTMIJ;aja Ha cprrCKM HapOll,
pe'IMMa,
3a OHO MaJIO KOMYHM-
CBellO'IehM
- TO je O'IMTO jacHo
HMCY MMaJIa HMKaKBor
TO cy KOMYHMCTM'IKe
Tpe6a
CTe ce 6e3pe3epBHO
lIa HMKOJIajeBY
TMpa)l( IherOBMX KIhMra,
rrpe CBera JeBpejMHa
IlIa HacTojaIha
je 06jacHMo
rrpOCTopMMa,
Ballia
Kao M KOll CBaKor
KOll
lIa HMKO HMIlITa
HaM MaKap jellaH
MCTpa)l(MBaIha:'
0ll oHora
yrropMIlITe,
- y KojMMa
Ma, Hero Me1)y paCp6JbeHMM
TIa cBejellHo,
M M)l(MBeJIOM KOMYHMCTM'IKOM
CaMapI,IJ1h
0 JeBpejMMa
Kp03 'CO-
BpeMeHa
Kao IlITO BMlIMTe, TO je rrpOIlIJIO.
AKO JIM BM rrOll 'COIJ;MjaJIHMM 3a60paBOM' pe'IM
0 HMKOJIajy
Kao maB-
3a60paBOM,
MaJIO OCBe)l(aBajyhe
3a)l(MBeJIa M jOIli YBeK )l(MBM y EHmecKoj,
KMX M rrOJIMTMKaHTCKMX rropMBa,
c
lIyryjeTe
M EHmeCKa
a IlITO je pe3YJITMpaJIO
<pa1lIM3Ma 1I01laTHo lIerpallMpa
M HOTMHraMcKor
MHCTMTYIJ;Mja, rrpM KojMMa
caCBMM lIPyro
JI03MHKa: 'AMepMKa
ce, M BaMa jacHo
HMKOJIaja.
peaKIJ;Mja lIeJIyje
TIoMeHYTM CTaIhY BaIlIe raTaIhe
,na cKpaTMM,
MM heMO IIp)l(aTMlIa
rrpe)l(MBeJIOM rrpeKO
je
lIeJIaTHO M
caCBMM lIPyra'IMje,
Kao M yrJIellHliX
YHMBep3MTeTa
1I0CTMrHyhMMa
Kalla
y,naxay.
TIpM OBaKBOM 'IMIheHM'IHOM
aKalleMcKe
je Mllalbe
Ballia
CTa KOjM cy rrpeOCTaJIM Ha HallIMM
IheroBoj
pa3MaTpaIhMMa
HM 3a <pallIJ13aM HM 3a HaIJ;M3aM, Hero
lIa je TO HeKa Tpeha
3a CBaKMM rrOMMIhaIheM
Me1)YTMM,
rrpBeHCTBeHO
YTexa M KyrroBaIhe
TIpM 'IeMY je, HallaM
OHO IlITO BM Ha3MBaTe
MJIM HeKM lIpyrM
M OBO:
JbOTMh Y CBOjMM rrOJIMTM'IKO-TeOpeTCKMM
rOllMHa,
TeopMja
,,<paIlIM3MY"
HMje 3a60paBMo. 3a6paHe
- 06jacHMTe
3ByqM MM Kao JIMTepapHa
BallIMX
Ha
KaKO 6M MY JIaKllIe YCTOJIM'IMJIM KOMYHM3aM. To je oHaj MCTM KO-
CaMapI,IJ1h
aHa IlITO M caMM YKa3yjeTe
IJ;MjaJIHM 3a60paB'
Pe8ollyu,ujU U paiUy. KOpa'IM
KIhM)l(apaMa,
OllrOBope
Hehe 3a06MhM
Je-
Hero he YMHO)l(MTM HeBOJbe M
203
202
H
M3 CBOjMXPYKY cacMrrajy Ha rnaBY Hac M ~eqe HalIIe. Hehe OHM~a rrpH3Hajy H CXBaTe, Kao HM BM, ~a CMOMM MallM ~a TOllHKO 3110rrOHeceMO, Kao HM ~a TO Hehe HMlIITa CYlIITMHCKMpelIIHTM KO~ IbMX, HMTMKO~ caMe 3arrpeMMHe H CMlIe 311aaHTMjeBpejcTBa. AHTMjeBpejcTBo,
aHTMceMMTH3aM je OHa MH
Ha CBelIITO HHKollaj C060M OBarrllohaBa H CBe~OqH,y cKlIorry qera je H BalIIe
~pyror
HC<popCHpaHOaKTyallH30Balbe
je aHTHceMHTH3Ma. )J;a lIH je TO CBeCHOHlIH HeCBeCHO,TO OCTaBJbaMBalIIoj
HMje BaJb~a ~a TO 'rrpocBeheHa EBporra' He 3Ha? AKO lIM je rraK CY~MTMrro CTaTMCTMI.\M M aHTMjeBpejcKMM, aHTMceMMTCKMMaKTHMa Ha rrpocTopMMa Te
eKcrrepTH3H. Ha~aM ce ~a he BaM ce rrpH rroMohH HahH H BalIIH CTPYKOBHH
HCTe EBporre, qOBeK 6M rrOMMClIMO~a M He 3Ha. BM~M rrOClIe~IbM M3BelIITaj,
KaMapa~H, KaKO6HcTe H36ernH HCKYlIIelbe HarnalIIeHor
aHKeTY Anti-defamation
HHKollajeBor
TeKCTa 0 JeBpejHMa, y clIY)f(6H
cy6jeKTHBHCTHqKOr
rrpe6al.\yje,
y KlIMI.\OHOlIIM ce CBe BMlIIe pa3paCTa M pacrrllaMcaBa.
league, ADL.
llo OBOj aHKeTM M M3BelIITajy CBaKM
rrpHcTyrra. AKO He ~p)f(HTe ~O Tora lIITO ce Harra~ajyhH HHKollaja CBpCTaBaTe y pe~ 60r060paqa, rrpeTrrOCTaBJbaM ~a HrraK ~p)f(HTe ~O TOra ~a ce He rrOKa-
TpehM HeMal.\ je M3pa3Mo aHTMjeBpejcKa rrpe~y6el)elba. O~Max ~o IbMX cy EenrMjaHI.\M, ~OK cy paHI.\Y3MMallO rrpMcTojHMjM ca 25% McrrMTaHMKa KOjM
)f(eTe H aHTHceMHTa. Ha TO 06aBe3yjy H rpaH~ H
MMajy 0~60jaH (aHTMceMMTcKM) CTaB rrpeMa JeBpejMMa. MO)f(~a HaMa M HMje
)J;pyro, ~o~aTHO BHl)elbe BalIIer rrOllHTHqKO-rrOllHTHKaHCKor HHCTPyMeHTallH30Balba HHKollaja je OHO Koje 6H ce YKlIarrallO y orrlIITY caTaHH3a-
~o OBaKBe EBporre MMaMO jOlII BellMKM rrYT ~a rrpeBallMMo, aKO je MKa~a M
qHjy Cp6a, Koja ce y rrOClIe~lbe BpeMe CBe BHlIIe H BHlIIe KOHqeHTpHlIIe Ha
~OCTHrHeMO, O~HOCHO~a ce ca 1b0M HHTerpMlIIeMO. HalII CBeTM rraTpMjapx
HHI\OllajeBY UpKBY, llpaBOClIaBHY UpKBY. llpaBoclIaBHoj
UPKBH HHje 6HlIO
MeCTOy oBaKBoj EBporrM? EBO HeKOllMKO rro~aTaKa KOjM he rrOKa3aTM ~a MM
llaBlIe
6M peKao: HUKaga
U /-luige Kao /-lelbygu (rra HM y EBporry - ll. C.).
rrpe~BHl)eHo ~a rrpe)f(HBH HeMaH KOMYHHCTHqKOr aTeH3Ma, allH rrOlIITO je
Y OBOMKOHTeKCTYTO 6M, rrpe CBera, 3HaqHlIO HMKa~a Kao aHTM-JeBpejM:'
rrpe)f(HBella, OHa ce ca~a jaBJba Kao 'peMeTHlIHqKH elleMeHaT' y OCTBapelbY Beh ~aBHO 3aqpTaHor HOBor (CBeTCKor) rropeTKa CTBapH. ClIe~CTBeHO TOMe, Tpe6a je HlIH YHHlIITHTH HlIH aHeCTe3HpaTH.
MCTopMjcKe OKBMpe, MYKa3yje ~a cy rrpaBM Mp3MTeJbMJeBpeja 6MlIM y 3arra~-
J1 TaKO Hcrra~a, MaKap 3a Hac Cp6e, ~OK ce XHTlIep 3allarao
3a je~aH
Eaj<pop~OBO lIaralbe
0 Cp6CKOM aHTMceMHTM3MY CaMapl,mh
Bpaha y
HOj EBporrM: "OBO MallO pe~OBa 0 O~HOCHMaCp6a rrpeMa JeBpejMMa 6MlIO 6M rrpM-
HOBH rrope~aK, KOMe CMOrrllaTHlIH Te)f(aK ~aHaK, ~aHalIIlbH Bol)H ce 3alla)f(y
KlIa~HO CTaBMTMy COI.\MjallHo-rrOllMTMqKY M MHcaOHo-xpOHOllOlIIKY rrapalle-
3a HeKH, HaBO~HO, XYMaHHjH HOBH rrope~aK (aKO ce pa~HKallHO pa311HKyjy,
JIY eBporrCKMX Hapo~a HacrrpaM JeBpeja. Y ~eBeTHaeCTOM BeKY, Ka~a ce y
HeCXBaTJbHBOje, 3alIITO ce TO He OqHTyje H y HMeHY) Ha )f(HBOTHOMrrOJbY.3a Hac TY HeKe pa311HKeH HeMa. 06paTHTe rra)f(IbY Ha pacrrope~ oKyrraQHOHHX
Cp6MjM JeBpejM clI060~HO opraHM3yjy
rrpaBHM rpal)aHM, ~OTlIe, pel.\MMO Y IIIBajl.\apcKoj
CHara Ha KOCOBYH MeTOXJ1jH. OH ce caMO K03MeTHqKH pa311HKyje O~ OHor
Hor KpeTalba. Y HeMaqKoj ce rrpeMa IbMMa HaCTyrra M3 paBHM paCMCTMqKMX
pacrrope~a oKyrraQMOHMX CHara M3 )J;pyror CBeTCKor paTa. Y OBOj, lIIMpOKOj
Bpe~HOBalba M rrOHM)f(aDalba. TaKO ce~aM~eceTMX rO~MHa 19. BeKa MMaMO rr03HaTor aHTMceMMTY A~oll<pa IIITeKepa, KOjM amTyje rrpoTMB 'Mo~epHor
M y~PY)f(yjy Kao clI060~HM M rrYHOjOlII HeMajy rrpaBO clI060~-
M MYJITMHaqMoHallHoj 60p6M rrpOTMB llpaBOClIaBHe UpKBe, BM CTeM3a6paJIM HajBM~HMjy MeTY, allM 6e3 CYMlbe M HajqBplIIhy. J1rraK, HeKa 6y~e rro EO)f(M-
jeBpejcTBa'. EMO je COI.\MjallM3aM, allM y lbeMY HMKaKO HMje Morao ~a BM~M
jeM. HaM a rraK oCTaje TelIIKo, CKOpOHeMoryhe, CXBaTMTM~a 6M ce y TaKaB
JeBpeje. Y TO BpeMe ~ellyje M KOHCTaHTMH paHI.\,pe
rrocao YKJbyqMlIa je~Ha jeBpejcKa oH~aQMjaM JepycallMMcKM YHMBep3MTeT, MH~MpeKTHo rrOMaraH eHrlleCKMM YHMBep3MTeTOM.
HMCTapCTBarrpOCBeTe, ca CBOjOMKIbMrOM Ha~uo/-laJlI-lU lIU6epallU3aM U 811aga8U/-la Je8peja. J1aKo je 6MO 3a YHMBep3allHM eBporrCKM
HMKollaj BalIIMX MH<popMaHaTaHMje HMKollaj rrpMXBaheH M rrperr03HaT y
MCTOBpeMe je 6MO rrpOTMBHMK cBy~a rrpMCYTHMX JeBpeja, Koje je CMaTpao
opraHM3MY llpaBOClIaBHe UpKBe, HMTMy MCTOpMjCKOM opraHM3MY MMCTOpMj-
rnaBHMM KOpMCHMI.\MMaCBMXrrOllMTMqKMX CTpaHaKa, O~ KOH3epBaTMBHMX
CKOMrrpoqecy cprrcKor Hapo~a. Cp6M HeMajy HMKollaja aHTMceMMTY, HMTM
~O COI.\Hjall-~eMOKpaTCKMX.Ha 3aKY)f(eHY KlIMMY, qeMY je rroce6HO ~orrpHHeo
MM Tpe6a HMKollaj aHTMceMMTa. HMKollaja aHTMceMMTYM Cp6e aHTMceMMTe
A~oll
KpeMpajy OHMKOjM cBoje ~BopMlIITe, O~HOCHOcBoje rnaBe M cpqa, jOlII HMCY oClI060~MlIM M OqMCTMlIMO~ aHTMceMMTCKor HaroHa. lla HaM y OBOj orrlIIToj
OHTpajqKe M Teo~op MOM3eH. TpajqKe je 1879. rO~MHe HarrMcao y rrpyCKOMallMaHaxy qllaHaK Jeg/-la pet! 0 /-lameM je8pejciU8Y. Y OBOMqllaHKY OH
caTaHM3aqMjM Cp6a rrpMlIIMBajy M aHTMceMMTM3aM,O~HOCHOTY )f(epaBMqy
JeBpeje Ha3MBa 'HalIIa Hecpeha'.
204
205 TpajqKe Ka)l(e jOill KaKO Cy JeBpeje Mp3eJIU U KJIaCUqHU aYTOpU, KaO
IllTO Cy IIJIUHuje, TaQuT U JYBeHaJIuje. OH CMaTpa.n;ace JeBpeju Mopajy UJIU aCUMUJIUpaTU UJIU UCeJIUTU.OH CMaTpa .n;aje TaKO 'npUpO.n;HOU HOpMaJIHO' Mp3eTU JeBpeje. TaKo ce OH, KaO, nUTa: 3amillo cy illaKO MHOio UlleMeHUille U
J1JIU6e3pe3epBHO BepyjeTe HOBUHapUMa, UH<popMaHTUMa, IllTO Huje HajnpuMepeHuje je.n;HOMUCTpa)l(UBaqy ca 6pUTaHCKor YHUBep3UTeTa:' Eaj<pop.n;yje YKa3aHO U Ha HUKOJIajeBY nonYJIapHOCT: ",l:\06po cy Bac UH<popMaHTU 06aBeCTUJIU .n;aje nOCJIe.n;fbUX ro.n;UHanpo-
aucoKo06gapeHe Hau,uje UCKallUlle caoj UOgMYKllU, Ijaaolbu 6ec, KOjUje illul-bao
.n;aHOnpeKO MUJIUOH HUKOJIajeBux Kfbura. AKO je MUJIUOHU .n;BeCTOXUlba-
;.gy6UHU I-bUX08uxgyma, 6am HajeapejcKoM Hapogy U CaMOHa l-beMy?Tpajq-
.n;aKfbura npo.n;aHO, OH.n;aOBO 3HaqU .n;aje CBaKU .n;eBeTUUJIU OCMU Cp6UH
Key je o.n;rOBOpuo Teo.n;op MOM3eH y CBOjOj CTy.n;UjUJom jegHa pe'i 0 HameM
Kynuo je.n;HYHUKOJIajeBY KfbUry. AKO je CBaKU OCMUCp6UH Kynuo KfbUry,
jeapejcillay.
OH.n;ajy je npOqUTaO, OTnpUJIUKe, CBaKU IlleCTU.
MOM3eH onOMUfbe TpajqKea .n;afberOBa pa3MUIlllbafba
oTBapajy
onaCHe Bu.n;UKe, U npu TOMe .n;ajeje.n;HOcBoje UCTopujCKO Bu~efbe JeBpeja:
IIpeTnOCTaBlbaM .n;aOBOqUfbeHUqHO CTafbe o.n;pa)l(aBa 95%-THY nony-
GHU cy K8acau, KOCMOUOlluillu3Ma U Hau,UOHallHegeKoMu03uu,uje y IJ,e3apeaoj
JIapHOCT HUKOJIaja y CBeKOJIUKoj cpncKoj
gp:»caau, 'iuja uOlluilluKa Huje 6Ulla Humilla gpyio go caeillCKO ipaljaHcillao, a HapogHu KapaKillep Humilla gpyio go XYMaHuilleill. MOM3eHOB n03UTUBaH
CBaKU OCMUCp6UH KOjU je Kynuo Kfbury, UJIU OHUX 95% KOjU cy npOqUTaJIU Kfbury, He Mory ce 6aIll Ha3UBaTU CepBUJIHOMMaCOM. OBO TUM npe IllTO
nonYJIaQuju.
CBaKU .n;eBeTUUJIU
CTaB U n03UTUBHO Bu~efbe UCTopujcKe YJIore JeBpejcTBa 3JIOHaMepHOcy U3-
Hac OBaKaB npOQeHaT qUTaJIaQa Kfbura CBpCTaBa y caM BPX 6u6JIuo
MaHunYJIUCaHU 360r CUHTarMe 'HaQUOHaJIHa .n;eKoMn03uQuja'. A TO rOBOpu
qaK U ucnpe.n; 'Hapo.n;a Kfbure'. Ca3Hafba ca TepeHa, Ha BaillY )l(aJIOCT, no-
o peaJIHOM, aHTujeBpejcKoM pacnOJIO)l(efbY IllUPUX Maca. Y OBOM nepuo.n;y .n;eJIyjeU Ben nOMUfbaHU Map.
TBp9yjy .n;aCp6u OBOJIUKOU Y CBUM cOQujaJIHUM CJIojeBuMa, qUTajy caMO HUKOJIaja:'
Ce)l;aM.n;eCeTHX ro.n;uHa 19. BeKa .n;eJIyjeU EyreH ,l:\upuHr, 6epJIUHCKUeKOHOMUCTaKOjUje pa3Buo Teopujy 0 MaTepujaJIUCTUqKoj
CpaMHe ollTY)l(6e Cp6a 3a KpUllTO<paIllU3aM CaMapI,mn je TaKo~e ocnopuo: "Ka.n;a je caBe3HUqKa n06e.n;a 6ulIa Ha XOPU30HTY, 3a KOjy CMOTOJIUKO
repMaHcKor .n;yxa, KpBU U pace. XpuIllnaHcTBo je cMaTpao npou3Bo.n;OM jeBpejcKo-opujeHTaJIHe .n;yrne U ocy~uBao ra je Kao U caMO JeBpejcTBo. OBOM
)l(pTBOBaJIU, .n;06uJIUCMO60M6ap.n;OBafbe, .n;OTYQafbeHallUX rnaBHUX rpa.n;oBa (u TO JIUQeMHa YCKpC 1944), a oH.n;a,nOBpx CBera, U KOMYHu3aM, 3a KojuM
.n;yxy cy ce, no ,l:\UPUHry, npBu ucnpequJIu
BU TOJIUKOja.n;uKyjeTe. ,l:\aHac KOMYHU3Ma BUlle
HeMa KO.n;Hac. He npeTu
ce He MOry, no fbeMY, U3MeHUTU HU nOKpillTaBafbeM HU KYJITypHOM aCUMU-
HaM HU HeMaH <paIllU3Ma y CKJIOnyHaller
JIaQujoM. HU)I(e pace ce He MOry U3HeTU, BUHYTU y BUlle, Hero caMO U y Haj60lbeM CJIyqajy 'o.n;OManUTU'.
Mornu BUlle 3HaTU U Ha Koje 6UCTe, eBeHTyaJIHO, MOrJIU U YTUQaTU. Mu CMO
MO)l(.n;a HaM Haj60lbe
06jaillfbaBa
oBaj npoQec U CTafbe o.n;OManefba
,l:\upuHroBO 03HaqaBafbe U Ha3UBafbe JeBpeja 'YHYTpaIIlfbOM KapTarUHOM'. Y OBOMUCTOMnepuo.n;y UMaMO cpo.n;HeJIUKOBeU paCUCTUqKe CTaBOBeU Teopuje y.n;pyrUM 'Hanpe.n;HUM HaQujaMa', paH~yaHMa
JI~HfJlegMa.
To cy:
E.n;yap.n;,l:\PUMOH,IIoJI ,l:\eJIarap.n;,J03e
Hapo.n;a. OB.n;eHe cnopUM 0 HeKUM
cnOlbfbUM YTUQajuMa KOjU cy jaqu o.n;Hac, a 0 KojuMa 6UCTe, peQUMO, BU TY HeMonHU, jep, npe CBera, CKOpOU .n;aHeMaMO .n;p)l(aBeKoja 6u Tpe6aJIa .n;a HaM 06e36e.n;u nOTpe6HY JIOmCTUKY. 3aIllTO 6u Cp6u, noce6HO CpnCKa UpKBa, 6UJIU HeO<paillUCTUU OCTaJIO IllTO UPKBU BU, OHaKO y KOMa.n;y,a pa.n;u rOMUJIafba HeraTUBHUX e
J1CTOpUjCKUpeKOp.n;Halle UpKBe U Hapo.n;arOBOpu, CBe.n;OqU
U BUilleBeKoBHY
npOTUB Tora. TeIllKO ce OTeTU YTUCKY .n;aBU He 3HaTe .n;aIIpaBOCJIaBHa UpKBa Ka.n;anOCTaHe KJIepUKaJIHa, .n;06uja OBO.n;pyro, a ry6u OHOnpBO. ,l:\pyrUM
CKJIOHOCTKa arpecuBHoCTU U TOTaJIUTapu3MY, IllTO ce npojaBlbUBaJIO Kp03
peqUMa - Huje BUlle IIpaBOCJIaBHa. J1CTOTaKO, IIpaBOCJIaBHa UpKBa HeMa
je.n;HY6e3MepHY aKYMYJIaQujy 3JIa, qujy cy nOillaCT JeBpeju HajBuille oceTUJIU. IIa je OH nOMaJIO HaUBHO, aJIU TOje qeCTO CBojcTBeHo CBeTUTelbUMa Eo-
HeO<paillUCTUqKe u.n;eOJIOIllKe3axTeBe je KOMnJIeTHO .n;enJIaCUpaHO.,l:\eJIyje
HUKOJIaj je .n;aBHOcarne.n;ao eBponcKY HeTpnelbuBocT
)l(UjUM, n03UBao EBponlbaHe
Ha CY3e nOKajHUQe, ucnYIllTajynu
U caM U3
Bu.n;a.n;ace y fbUX CY3Ha)l(JIe3.n;a.n;aBHO3acYillUJIa. Balla )l(aJIOnojKa 3a, KaKO Ka3yjeTe, 'CepBUJIHOMnonYJIapHoIllny
HUKOJIaja Me~y MacaMa ynpKOC fbero-
BUM 3apa3HUM norne.n;UMa' CpaqYHaTa je U .n;eCTpYKTUBHa.n;e3UH<popMaQuja.
HUKaKBY u.n;eOJIomjy, na U TO IllTO joj CnOqUTaBaTe HeKe aHTuceMUTCKe U amTaTopCKU, no.n;cenajynu Ha HeKY neTOlbeTKY U3 nOJIOBUHeIlle3.n;eceTUX. ,l:\pY)l(e/rocno.n;UHe, Tora BUlle HeMa. / .../ ,l:\pyrUM peqUMa, BU HUCTenpOqUTaJIU HUKOJIaja. CMaTpaM .n;a6u 6UJIO Haj60lbe, KaKO pa.n;u BaillUX cTy.n;eHaTa,TaKO U pa.n;u Illupe ny6JIUKe, U Ha.n;aCBe pa.n;u CacyH oH.n;aQuje,Koja 6u Morna
206
207
ne CBeT MonH BHAeTH H3 npBe PYKe H AO Kpaja 0 KaKBOM je ayTOpy peq, 0
O,ll;HOCHO,BH cBoje
HapOAY H3 Kora je npOH3HIllao H Kojer je HaAHIllao H UPKBH KOjoj je npHnaAao H npHnaAa:'
6HO noyqeH H HCKYCTBOMcTapHjHx HapO,ll;a,Mel)y IbHMa H JeBpeja, KOjH CBO-
- Aa H3AaTe HHKollajeBa
KOMnlleTHa Aella Ha eHrneCKOM H Ha HBPHTY. TaKo
Y CBOjOj BH3HjH 6Y,ll;yne 3aje,ll;HHQecpnCKor HapO,ll;a,HHKollaj je OqHTO
HMa caMO jeAaH QHJb: Aa ce
joj ,lI;p)J(aBHvhpaellY )J(elle ,lI;ano CBaKY QeHY O,ll;p)J(ejeBpejcKH KapaKTep:'
Cp6Hja He 06HOBH Ha HajY3BHIlleHHjHM CBeTocaBCKHM TeMeJbHMa Koje je HHKollaj nOCTaBHO. CaMapl,mn Ka)J(e:
neBor cp6CKor HaQHOHallH3Ma, no CaMapl,mny, TaKol)e je ,lI;enllaCHpaHa:
"TaqHa je npOQeHa BaIlIer ceKYHAapHor H3Bopa (TIonoB 1993, Cy60THn 1993, 1996) Aa je HHKollaj 3aroBapao ycnoCTaBJbalbe ApyrnTBa 3aCHOBaHor
BaM ,lI;aje lhOTHn 6HO HenOnpaBJbHBH JyroclIoBeH, BellHK xpHIllnaHCKH eKY-
Ha npaBoclIaBHo-xpHIllnaHcKHM
MeHHCTa, y ,lI;HBHOM6paKY ca )J(eHOMpHMOKaTOllHqKe Bepe, O,ll;Koje HHKa,ll;a,
Y CTBapH, Eaj
TpaAHQHjaMa H npeBacxoAHo
cpncKH 06-
Eaj<pop,ll;OBanpHqa 0 HHKollajy
Kao H,lI;eOllOIlIKOMYTeMeJbHBaqy lhOTH-
"llITO ce THqe lhOTHneBor y,ll;ella y HeKOM HaQHOHallH3MY, HanOMHlbeM
lIHK BepcKor HaQHOHallH3Ma H MOHapm3Ma (MHoro je npHKlIaAHHje H 61IH)J(e
KOllHKO je n03HaTO lberOBHM Capa,ll;HHQHMaH npHjaTeJbHMa, HHje Tpa)J(HO ,lI;a
HCTHHH penH cpnCKo-npaBOClIaBHO CXBaTalbe HapOAa H MOHapmje - TI. C.).
npel)e y lberOBY Bepy, HT,lI;.KOlIHKO MH je n03HaTO, OBaKOje H AeQY BacnHTao.
OBAe 6HCTe BH H BaIllH ceKYHAapHH H3BOpH
(= HH<popMaHTH)
3a Hac, BaillY
qHTallaqKY ny611HKY, Tpe6allH MallO YTaHaqHTH Y Kojoj MepH CTe BH npoTHB HHKollaja, a Y KOjOj npOTHB ycnoCTaBJbalba cpnCKor ,lI;pYIllTBa Ha OHHM
CBe je OBOca 3arOBapalbeM HeKor HaQHOHallH3Ma HecnojHBO. Y1311HIlIHOje ,lI;aJbeKOMeHTapHcaTH BaIlle T3B. 'OqeBH,lI;HeH,lI;eOllOIllKe npe,ll;paTHe Be3e H3Mel)y HHKollaja H 36opa'. AlIH, eTO, KaKOcaMH 3a MOMeHaT
BpeAHOCTHMa H KaTeropHjaMa Kp03 Koje ce orpOMHa BenHHa Cp6a HajllaKIlle
npH3HajeTe (noKyrnaBaTe,ll;a Hac YBepHTe y BaillY HenpHCTpaCHOCT), Ka,ll;aje
npen03Haje H ca qHMe ce Hajnpe H,lI;eHTH
,lI;OIllao paT "HHKollaj
HanOMeHe pa,ll;H, a H ,lI;a6H ce H36erlla Moryna 3aMeIllaTeJbCTBa, y Koja
je 0,ll;6HO ,lI;anO,ll;p)J(HoKynaQHOHe cHare': He rOBopH
lIH OBO,rocnO,ll;HHe/,lI;pY)J(e,,lI;aje HHKolIajeBa TaK03BaHa HaQHCTHqKO-HaQHOHallHCTHqKa H,lI;eOllorHja, KOjy MY CTallHO CnOqHTaBaTe, )J(HBOTHHMTeCTOM
BaIlle He06aBeIllTeHe qHTaOQe YBO,ll;Hte qeCTHM n03HBalbeM Ha HHKollajeB HaQHOHallH3aM, Tpe6a penH ,lI;a3a HHKollaja TaKBa CTpaHa, 3ana,ll;Ha KaTero-
AeMaHTOBaHa, qaK,lI;a je HKa,ll;aH nocTojalla?
pHja HaQHje H HaQHOHallH3Ma He nocTojH. TIoroToBO He y TaKO HeraTHBHOM
To je ,lI;YxnlleMCTBa H ,lI;yxoBHe nlleMeHHTOCTH (Pyax He,ll;HBa, TIc. 51, Maco-
KOHTeKCTYy KojeM je BH npHnHcyjeTe
HHKollajy. 3a HHKollaja cpnCKH HapO,ll;
MallO Kpane, a jacHHje H Qello-
BHTHje: HHKollaj je 6HO clI060,ll;lbaK H npe paTa H TOKOMpaTa H noclIe paTa. peTcKH pacnope,ll;), KOjH HHje Morao nop06HTH HH KOHQeHTpaQHoHH lIOfOp
je HOB03aBeTHH JIAOC, OHOIllTO je Ha CBOj HaqHH H y CBOjOj paBHH CTapo3aBeTHH KAXAJI. (Ha,ll;aM ce Aa Me, O,ll;HOCHOHHKollaja, HeneTe AO,ll;aTHO
y,1J;axay, a norOTOBO He 360p ,1J;HMHTpHjalhoTHna.
onTY)J(HTH 3a aHTHceMHTH3aM 360r OBaKBor Mor/HHKollajeBor nopel)elba cpnCKor HapO,ll;a.)
QHOHOM1I0ropy ,1J;axay,nOKyrnaBaTe ,lI;aTO npe,ll;CTaBHTeKao HeKH H311eTHa
CXBaTalba H
/oo.! TaqHo je,ll;a je HHKollaj 3arOBapao ApyrnTBO Ha HapO,ll;HOM,onHTHOM
,1J;o,ll;YIlIe BH, He HerHpajynH qHlbeHHQY ,lI;aje HHKollaj 6HO y KOHQeHTpaO,ll;MapallHIllTe H 3a6aBY. OTY,ll;aTaKBH ey
KYCWOgUju
(= qYBaH,
36pHHYT O,ll;HeMaQa) 6uo je upOapaneH
naTOCYH eTOCY,npe CBera PYKOBol)eH nopa3HHM pe3YlITaTHMa ,lI;Be6e311HqHe
CpaCKUM aawpujapxoM
faapUllOM /{O:I/CUneMU wpaHaftepoaaH
JyroclIaBHje. HHKollaj je BH,lI;eoAa je TO 06e311HqeHO3aje,ll;HHIlITBOnory6Ho H Aa HeMa nepcneKTHBe. To IllTO je HHKollaj Ta,ll;aBH,lI;eO,Kao IllTO H BH BH,lI;HTe
cwao, apao y Aycwpujy
U uoclle y HeMa~Ky. Haj3ag cy (,lI;alIH OBOHaj3ag cy,
ca,ll;a, He,ll;aBHOce H oCTBapHlIo. TIponalla
lIeTHlIHQe, H3 nTHqHje nepcneKTHBe nOCMaTpallH npHpO,ll;He lIenOTe oCBoje-
je JyroclIaBHja,
a MH Cp6H, KOjH
a noclIe wpaHctfiepoaaHU,
y /{axay,
OBe nponaCTH. OHH Cp6H KOjH ce HHCY npeKBallH
(Ehrenhaeftling)
JyroclIoBeHe HHKollaj
HlIH y HHTepHaQHoHallQe KOMYHHcTe, a y qeMY HM je nOMorao
CBOjHM MY,ll;pHM H ,lI;alleKoce)J(HHM BHl)elbHMa, C npaBoM ra H Aa-
npeTnOCTaBJba ,lI;acy ,lI;0 Haj3ag H3 HeKe y,ll;06He
HHX TepHTopHja ...?) gaa cwapuja
CMO ce ca nponalloM JyroclIaBHjoM HajBHIlle H,lI;eHTH
y UHocwpaH-
CpaCKa caemweHa llu~a 3aapmUlla y KaMay
'ge cy 6UllU aOcllaHU, uocwaalbeHU, 3aaHU 'aO~acHU 3awaopeHU~U' .
fOCnO,ll;HHe,OBaKO, Haj3a,ll;, npe,ll;CTaBJbeHCTaTYCQPKBeHHX BellHKO,ll;OCTojHHKa je KpajlbH 6e306pa311YK, KaKO HacnpaM HHKollaja
H TIaTpHjapxa
faBpHlIa, TaKO H CpnCKe UpKBe H cpnCKor HapO,ll;a.,1J;a lIH 6HCTe OBaKOMornH
Hac nOIllTyjy H y lbeMY Halla3e Ha,ll;axHyna ,lI;aHa pa3BallHHaMa O,ll;nOKojHe JyroclIaBHje HanpaBe CBOjy 3aje,ll;HHQY.TIo OHOMeIllTO CMOBH,lI;ellH, BaMa H
OMallOBa)J(aBaTHnlleMeHHTY H MyqeHHqKY npoIllllOCT BepCKor BellHKO,ll;OCToj-
TO CMeTa, C THM IllTO no,ll; nllaIllTOM 'aHTHceMHTH3Ma' HMaTe 60JbY npol)y.
HHKa HeKor ,lI;pyror HapO,ll;a,peQHMo eHrneCKor? OneT, peQHMO, nOA npeTno-
208
209
CTaBKOM Aa je TaKaB 6MO Y ~axay,
na MaKap
M ca CTaTYCOM T3B. 'nOqaCHOr
3aTBOpeHMKa'? Cp6e CTpeJbyje.
cnacaBao
nOCJIeAlbMX
BaIller
npMcTyn
6eCnOIllTeAHO
AocTojaHcTBa,
aJIM TaKaB nOBpIllaH
TaKO OCeTJbMBoj M 036MJbHoj
Te, 3acMrypHo
HMje Ha qaCT KyhaMa,
HaBOAHO, AeJIyjeTe HapaBHO IllTBOM
rOAMHa CBaKa Illyrna
M 6eCnJIaTHO
BM CTe MM ce npMAPY:>I<MJIM. He :>I<eJIMMAa pa3MMIllJbaM
MAe Ha YIllTP6 IllheH
Aa Cp6M
M 3JIOK06aH M OCTpa-
TeMaTMQM, KOjy BM MCTpa:>I
MHCTMTYQMjaMa
M npeACTaBJbaTe
OA-
Aa JIM TO
M HapOAMMa y qMje MMe,
ce:' 60paBaK
y ~axay
cMaTpajy
MyqeHM-
M BpeAHyjeMo
3aTOqeHMIllTBO
faBpMJIa y ~axay
nOHM:>I<elbeM. CMaTpaM,
Ha OBOM nOJbY, Aa CMO MMaJIM M Aa MMaMO nOApIllKY
M Aa MM TO CMaTpaMO CTpaAalbeM
AHfJIMKaHCKe
AO:>I<MBeJIMOHY 'nOqaCT'
cpnCKM
raBpMJIO
HMKOJIaj BeJIMMMpOBMh,
0A HeMaQa
M HajYfJIeAHMjM
ITpaBOCJIaBHe
OBaKO 6e30qHO
M McnOBeAHMKa?
Mel)YTMM,
World)
QPKBe
Aa OMaJIO-
/ .. ./
AKO BM M AaJbe M MCKpeHO Ap:>I<MTeAa je HMKOJIaj
J(U31lU Bopllg (Disney
MJIM HeKM ApyrM
KaKBY cy AO:>I<MBeJIM
enMCKon
aKO 6MCTe MM nOKyrnaJIM
Ba:>I<MTelbMXOB CTaTYT CTpaAaJIHMKa
BpCTM npeTeqe
HajKoHCTPYKTMBHMje
KOHCTPYKQMjy
pa3MMIllJbalbe
y ~axay
3a6aBMIllTa,
npoQeca
M ocehaMo
OBaKaB
6MO y HeKoj
HeKa BaM 6YAe.
0 MY"lellU"IKOM MUiUy, og1l0C1l0 0 cayga UpU-
npaBOCJIaBHe
y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj
caMor
enMCKona
UPKBM,
HMKOJIaja
3aBMCHO npMcTynaTe
y KopeHY
cnYTaBa
npojaBJbMBalha
Bora,
na M KaHOHM30Balbe
BeJIMMMpOBMha.
AMpalbe
npoQeca
TpaTe Kao bon marche,
EBO BaIller ra 0A npaBMJIa
(llUaXapUM). M npojaBJbMBalbe,
UPKBM, nOMohy
y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj
CBeTMTeJba y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj
npeAMeT BaIller
MHTepecoBalba.
nOHM:>I
CyiU1Wj UpU"IU 0 MY"lellU"IKOM aKiUy, Kao 3aMella MuiUa' KOjU ogapana uaJIC1bY
HaM He
Kao BO:>I<Mje
M HacnpaM
UpKBM.
BM
UPKBM, CMa-
deal, 6araTeJIY. AKO je TaKO, HaMa je TeIllKO CXBa-
TMTM 3aIllTO je Ta ,,6araTeJIa" raTeJIMCalbe,
QPKBM. y ApyrM
TpaAMQMjM je CpaqYHaT Ha Aerpa-
KaHOHM3aQMje
cTaTyca
good
BM npe-
y PMMOKaTOJIMqKoj
npen03HaBalbe
pMMOKaTOJIMqKoj
M KpMTepMjYMa
qMHa M
KaHOHM3aQM-
M Aa MX oca3HajeMo
Aa 06jacHMTe
3aA06Mjalbe
Ha BaIlle
cBeTMTeJba. 0AHOCHO, BaIll npMcTyn
CBeTMTeJba y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj
KaHOHM3aQMje y 3anaAHoj,
KOHKpeTHO
0AHOCHO CTaBJba Bora
Aa CBeTMTeJbMMa npMcTynMMO
HaBOAHM nOKyrnaj
M
- noja-
KaHOHM3aQMje:
M nOCMaTpaTe
CBeTMTeJbe (KogUlej EIIOXUM), 60:>I<Mje M3a6paHMKe BaIll
AY:>I
HaCJIel)a Ha AeJIY nOCBeAOqMMO:'
UPKBM OA qMHa KaHOHM3aQMje
npMcTyn
JeBpejMMa
Aa ce Ka:>I<e M HeKOJIMKO AOAaTHMX peqM
M npeKOMepHO
nJIaH no nMTalbY
CBOjoM MCKpeHoM
CBaKOMe, a npe CBera npeMa
KaHOHM3aQMje
jy y ITpaBOCJIaBHoj
Koje TMM npe
TaKO M CBaKOM - HajaYTeHTMqHMje
je M Baj
KaHOHM3aQMje
HafJIaIlleHO
0 JeBpejMMa,
na JOIll KaAa ce M3BaAM M3 KOHTeKCTa, MHore
pa3YMeMo
npeMa
OCTaJIMX,
MCTO TaKO y TOMe HMje CnpeqMJIO HM-
BepHMQMMa
je npMJIMKa
KaHOHM3aQMjy,
TOJIMKO nOHM:>II
OCHOBa 3a BaillY
To MM MCKpeHo
A03BOJbaBa
HaMIllJIM Aa cy nOfJIa-
QPKBe MJIM PMMOKaTOJIMqKe
BepCKM nOfJIaBapM naTpMjapx
To
M BO:>I<Mje, M Kao TaKBO HenpOnaAJbMBo.
~a JIM CTe nOMMCJIMJIM Ha KaKBe 6MCTe peaKQMje BapM, peQMMO,
M
ca KOjMM ce MM 3aAOBOJbaBaMO, jep MMCJIMMO M Bepy-
jeMo Aa je OnIllTeqOBeqaHCKO
M HeAOBpIlleHO
Aa TO KaKO HaIllMM
npeACTaBJbalbe
CBeTa. HMKOJIaj M faBpMJIO cy HaM OCTaBMJIM OHO HaCJIel)e
Koje ce PM3HMqM y CBeTCKY MCTOpMjCKY PM3HMQY qaCTM M AocTojaHcTBa. je HaCJIel)e M npM3Halbe
Illhy
Mel)YTMM,
M HeAOBpIlleHO,
IToAByqeHo
enMCKona
HMKOJIaja M naTpMjapxa
QeJIor nJIeMeHMTor
MpMTMpa.
Kao CBeTMTeJba HM 3aTO IllTO je, nopeA
UpKBY,
KOJIajeBo ycnYTHO IllTO je ycnYTHO
"OBAe
je Aa MM nOIllTyjeMo
npen03HaJIa
M JeBpeje.
CHMMO M Kao HaCJIeAHMQM HMKOJIajeBor
C nYHMM npaBOM
HMKOJIajeBMM:
"TaqHo
HMje HMKOJIaja
TeKCTa y TOM npaBQY: y PMMOKaTOJIMqKoj
HMje JIM BaIlle 60-
Hero M aHTMnpaBOCJIaBJbe?
ElIaJICa,Ma1bepUIOp031la
QPKBM - IT. C.) upaaulla
(= Malbe
CTpO-
3a Ka1l01lU3au,ujy
og 31la"lajlle KOlliUpaaep3e ae3alle 3a oaaj uepuog eUUCKouoaOI JlCuaoiUa. Oao
y upaaOClIaa1l0M caeiUy cMaiUpajy ce Me~y M1l0lUM CpUCKUMcaeUliUelluu,UMa
cacaUM ogciUpa1byje, uoiUucKyje "IU1belluu,y ga je y J(axay U3 llecxaaiUTbuaux
Kao jegUlla
pa31101a,KOjU llagulIa3e pau,UOllall1l0 06jaUl1be1be, BellUMupoaun
(...) 3601 uciUpajaaajynel
caojux llajalliUUCeMuiUcKujux JIoropy
~axay
ce pa3MMIllJba
npe CBMX, reHMje CaMapI,IMh HMKOJIajeBe "Haj3aA,
xa raBpMJIa,
~a, Aa, TY y KOHQeHTpaQMOHOM
M 0 HeMMCJIMBOM M He3aMMCJIMBOM M TO MO:>I<e,
KaKaB je 6MO HMKOJIaf' je YKa3ao
UpKBa
UpKBa
y ~axay
HMje y HMKOJIajy
M3JIeTa MJIM MyqeHMcTBa
MMaJIM MHoro. Kora
U ageKaaiUlla
caMO jeAaH eJIeMeHaT
upaKca geKlIapUCa1ba caeiUuiUelba
U UlUpOKOpacupociUpa1be1l01 yaepe1ba ga Ka1l01lU3a-
u,uja upegciUaalba MallO aUUle og eKlIe3ujalllle Koje u,pKaa paiUuljiUKyje
ljiopMall1l0CiUU, uocpegciUaoM
uociUojenu KYlliU, y pallUM cllojeauMa cou,ujalllle KOllcaeiUuiUelbciUaa y U031lUM 1980-uM BeIlUMUpo-
auneau uogpJICaaaou,u cy YIlOJICUIIU31la"lajall
llaUOp ga uOKaJICYuociUoja1be
J«uaOIKYlliUa'UOCaene1l0IeUUCKOUY·
ITpaBOCJIaBHa lberOBor
ayiUelliUu"Illa
CiUpYKu,uje BellUMupoauneaa
Ha TO Aa je 60paBaK
CBeTOCTM:
BO:>I<Mjer 360r MyqeHMKa
MaiUepujalla.
llaUUcao geo
~a BaM nOHOBO nOMeHeM HMje npen03HaJIa
npen03HaJIa
y ~axay,
CBeTMTeJba
jep MM CMO TaKBJ1X
qMHOM Beher, naTpMjap-
Kao CBeTMTeJba BO:>I<Mjer. UpKBa
IToCJIe CJIeAe BaIlla lba cTaTyca
KaHTalba
CBeTMTeJba 3a HMKOJIaja.
OA CTpaHe npO-BeJIMMMpOBMheBe HMKOJIaja,
0 KaMnalbM
Kao M HaMeTalbY
Y
y npaBQY
3aA06Mjalba,
oCBaja-
Toj, KaKO Ka:>I<eTe, KaMnalbM
Bol)eHoj
KJIMKe, HacTojaJIO
lberOBor
ce Ha peXa6MJIMTaQMjM
KYJITa M npeACTaBJbalbY
Tora Kao BOJbe
211
210 KOHCTpyucalbe
HapO]\a. A Y TOje 'KnHKa' ynmKHna 3HaqajHe HarrOpe, rrpe CBera Kp03 OpraHH30Balbe rrpOrraraH]\HCTHqKHX cKyrroBa, HT]\. fOCrrO]\HHel]\pY)l(e, MH rrpaBOCnaBHH C'p6H y OBOjBallIoj aHanH3H BH]\HMO HCKJbyqHBOqeKHCTHqKO-KOMeCapCKY]\eMarorHjy H ]\HjaneKTHKY. O]\HO-
P;PYUITBeHOr cenalba
HapaBHO ]\a CBaKa HaU;HOHanHa 3aje]\HHu;a KOHcTpYHllIe cBoje jaBHo rraMhelbe y CKna]\y ca U;HJbeBHMaKoje cMaTpa 6HTHHM 3a CBOj orrCTaHaK.
CHO,BH rrpeHOCHTe Ha HHKonaja H npaBOCnaBHY UpKBY 'KaHOHCKeHOpMe H
Haj60JbH rrpHMep KaKOce TOpa]\H ]\aje caBpeMeHH J.13paen,KojH je HHCTYU;H-
rrpaBHna' rro KojHMa cy KaHOHH30BaHH: MapKC, JIeIbHH, Mao Ue]\YHr, EHBep
OHalIH3aU;HjoM cehalba Ha CTpa]\albe jeBpejcKor
XOI,Ia, nOlI nOT H MHOrH ]\pyrH. MH TaKBHX CBeTHTeJbaHeMaMO H He Tpe6ajy HaM. HHKonaj ce rrpoTHB TaKBHX 'cBeTHTeJba'H caM 60pHO, Kao llITO ce 60pHO
paTY rrOCTHrao BHCOKCTerreH]\pYllITBeHe HHTerpaU;Hje. JeBpejcKlrry6nHU;HCTa TOM CereB rrHllIe 0 TOMe y CBOMqnaHKY "npeKO AjxMaHa]\O KoneKTHB-
H rrpoTHB HaU;H3Ma. nocne, ]\a ce MH He 6HCMO ]\OCeTHnH, HnH BH MO)l(]\a H
Hor cehalba Ha XOlIOKaYCT': fO]\HHe 1960, rrpHrra]\HHU;H H3paencKe TajHe cnY)l(6e Moca]\
BH]\HTe HeKY CPO]\HOCTH3Meljy OBHX CBeTHTeJbaH rrpou;eca KaHOHH3aU;HjeY PHMOKaTOlIHqKoj U;PKBH,Ka)I(eTe KaKOje OBa rrpOrraraH]\HCTHqKa MallIHHepH-
HapO]\a y ,UpyrOM CBeTCKOM
OTenH cy
HaU;HCTHqKOr3nOqHHu;a A]\on<pa AjXMaHa y ByeHoc AHpecy, rro Hanory rrpe-
ja y6p30 cBoje pe3ymaTe rrpe]\CTaBHna, 'Kao rrpBH KopaK Ha rrYTY rryue KaHO-
MHjepa ,UaBH]\a BeH fypHoHa,
HH3aU;Hje'. J.1cXO]\ehHH3 pHMoKaTOnHqKe rrpaKce, xoheTe ]\a Ka)l(eTe ]\a je OBO 6eaTH
y Ka3HH, Hero y rroTpe6H ]\a ce "cyljelbe O]\p)l(H, H TO 6allI y JepycanHMY': BeH fypHOH je HMao ]\Ba U;HJba:rro]\cehalbe CBeTa ]\a je, y cYK06y J.13paena C
Y npaBocnaBHoj
AparrHMa, MopanHa ]\y)l(HOCT qOBeqaHCTBa ]\a rrO]\p)l(H oHaj HapO]\ Kora cy
UPKBH, HHje HH Ba)l(HO. BH H He rrHllIeTe HaMa H 0 HaMa,
Hero ]\pyrHMa, rrpBeHCTBeHO3arra]\lbaU;HMa, a rrpOTHB Hac.
0]\
IbHX H OqeKY-
KOjH je rOBopHo ]\a cYllITHHa rrpou;eca HHje
HaU;HCTHHCTpe6JbHBanH (CereB Ka)l(e: "feHOU;H]\ je, KOHaqHO, rroTBpljHBao
jeTe ]\a Bac CXBaTe, H BH CTe Y TOM rrpaBU;Y 'HHBeCTHpanH 3HaqajaH Harrop'.
MopanHY HcrrpaBHOCT U;HOHHCTHqKeH]\eje H cnY)l(HO HaMepaMa H3paenCKe
fOBopehH 0 HHKonajeBHM Cne]\6eHHU;HMa,KOjH cypa3HHM rrpOrraraH]\H-
]\p)l(aBe"); TaKolje, y J.13paenyje 6Hno MHoro jeBpejcKHx ]\OCeJbeHHKaH3 aparr-
CTHqKHM Cpe]\CTBHMa rrpocTo HaCHnHO BacrrOCTaBHnH H BHllIHM u;pKBeHHM
CKHX 3eMaJba, rrorrYT MapoKa, KOjH HaU;HCTHqKerrporOHe HHCY ]\O)l(HBenH.
BnaCTHMa Y Cp6HjH HaMeTHynH HHKonajeB Kym, rrporrycTHJlH CTe ]\a HaM
I:bHMa je, rro BeH fypHOHY, 0 XHTnepy H aHTHceMHTH3MY Tpe6ano 06jacHHTH
06jacHHTe KOjHM rrpOrraraH]\HCTHqKHM Cpe]\CTBHMa H KOje HaMeTHYOHHKO-
..CBe0]\ Hyne. CereB ]\o]\aje: "Tpe6ano je yje]\HHHTH ]\PYllITBO Kp03 rrOTpeCHY,
najeB Kym Y EBporrH, AMepHU;H H AYCTpanHjH. BH 3HaTe ]\a Cp6H HeMajy He-
rrpOqHllIhaBajyhy
KH CBOj CH-eH-eH, HlIH HeKY An l,Ia3Hpy, HnH HellITO TaKO. MO)l(]\a BH Y Be3H ca OBOMqHlbeHHU;OM 3HaTe HellITO llITO HH CaMe HHKonajeBe rrpHCTanHu;e,
Ibe, 6e3 CYMlbe, Tpe6ano]\a
MaKap OHejaBHe Koje CTerrp03BanH, He 3Hajy? ,Ua nH heTe HaM TO OTKpHTH Y
llITO je 6HlIO y lberoBoj MohH ]\a crrace eBponCKe JeBpeje:'
anHO, OTKpHnH, qHlbeHHu;a je ]\a CTe BH ]\y60KO 3ara3HnH y 60r060pCTBO,
a
Kao rrpOTHBTe)l(a orrTY)l(6aMa rro KOjH-
,Uo cyljelba AjxMaHY, reHOU;H]\ y ,UpyrOM CBeTCKOMpaTY rrocTajao je caMO Kao 60nHO cehalbe, Koje cy MHOrH rrpe)l(HBenH HacTojanH ]\a rrOTHCHY.
0]\
,Ua CKpaTHM - He]\OCTaje BaM HayqHe 06jeKTHBHOCTH, rOCnO]\HHe. AKO
rrocn~H
Ma U;HOHHCTHqKHrrOKpeT, rro]\ BeH fypHOHOBHM BOljCTBOM,HHje yqHHHO CBe
CBOjHM Hape]\HHM 6HnTeHHMa? IIITa ro]\ HaM y BallIHM 6HnTeHHMa, eBeHTYllITO orreT rrpe]\CTaBJbaTe Kao HeKY HaYKY, HnH HayqHe rrony<pa6pHKaTe.
H rraTpHOTCKYHaU;HOHalIHYKaTap3Y. ,UO]\ajMo H ]\a je cylje-
Ta]\a, OH rrocTaje "HHCTHTYU;HOHanH30BaHOHaU;HOHalIHOcehau,e': J.13pa-
enCKH ljaU;H H]\Y Ha eKCKyp3Hje y AYllIBHU;. J.1TO je HopManHO, neralIHO H
HCTHHCKH)l(enHTe ]\a 6y]\eTe 06jeKTHBHH y OBOMBallIeM rrocny, y llITa je Te-
lIerHTHMHO. AnH, OB]\e, y Cp6HjH H ]\pyrHM Cp6CKHM 3eMJbaMa rrperropyqy-
llIKO rrOCYMlbaTH, ]\03BOnHTe MH ]\a BaM rrperropyqHM
je HaM ce ]\a ,,3a60paBHMO" H 0]\Y3HMa HaM ce rrpaBO Ha TO ]\a CMO3aHCTa
HapaBoyqeHHje H3BY-
qeHO H3 OBaKBHXcHTyaU;Hja jOllI rrpe ]\Be XHJba]\e rO]\HHa. HapaBoyqeHHje
je
BO)l(Hje H orreT BO)l(Hje, a rrpeKo ]\BojHu;e nneMeHHTHX JeBpeja: je]\aH je 6HO
6HnH )l{PTBE
y 20. BeKY. AYllIBHU; je OCTao AyrnBHU;, a JaceHOBau;Tpe6a]\a
rrOCTaHe U;BeTHa 6allITa CY)l(HBOTa H TOnepaHU;Hje. Ka]\ HCTHqeMO rrpHMep
qnaH CHHe]\pHOHa, a ]\pyrH yrne]\HH H peBHocHH qnaH <papHcejcKe rpyrraU;H-
HHKonaja BenHMHpOBHha Kao ]\OCne]\HOr rrpaBOClIaBHor qOBeKa H aHTHXH-
je. OBaj je rrpBH, Ka]\a cy ce lberOBH caKpBHHU;H HallInH y CnHqHoj cHTyaU;HjH
TnepOBu;a, TBP]\H ce ]\a ce OH OAMapao y,Uaxay, HaKO cy ra HeMU;H CBeBpeMe
y KOjOj CTe BH rrpeMa HHKolIajy
]\p)l(anH rrOA CTpa)l(OM Kao repMaHo
je 080 og lbygU, upouamne
]\aHaC, peKao: OKaftUMO ee 080i uoena. AKO
eaMO og ee6e, a aKOje og Soia, ga ee He UOKaJICeMO
60i060pu,UMa. OBOM rraK ]\pyrOM, KOjH je 6HO y CnHqHoj cHTyaU;HjH, caM Bor ce jaBHo H peKao: 3amiUo Me iOHum, He 8pegu iUu ee UPOiUU8 60guna puiUaiUu (BH]\H ,Uena ArrocToncKa - Maaee XamnuxuM 5 H 9)?"
Ka 27. MapTa 1941.
213
212
EopehH
.n;eKoHcTpYKQHjy
"llOTHcKHBalhe
HH3 HHTepBjya
cQHjeHTHCTHqKHX
H rropHQalhe
C Jby.n;HMa KOjH cy MY ce yqHHHJIH
He 6H TO pa.n;HO, Hero rr03HBao
Ha licentia "llCH
rrocTyrrKY,
6H HHTepBjye
poetica
H KlhHre': a ,il;paraHa
(Kao
3HaqajHHM
"JIOKaJIHe
,il;aHHJIO KHllI,
YXBaheH
THMe .n;a je peq
ce
BeJIHMHpoBHhy,
KOHTpOBep3H
y rrperrHCHBalhY
3a aerOBO
6aj<pop.n;HqHhH
H 6aj<pop.n;epH
,il;a cy HHTepBjYHcaHH Ma, yqHHHJIH o.n;roBope
.n;ao y rrHcaHoj
3a.n;aTaK:
.n;a cy JIe)l(aJIH
Ha
C l)aKoHoM
CTH, Tpy.n;ehH ce .n;acBoje carOBopHHKe CBeT, KOjH He YMe o.n;a 06pa3JIO)l(H EBO llITa HOBHheM: "llaBJIe, ja caM HllIao
CBeTOCTH,
MHHYTa':
corrCTBeHe
"EallI
HallI
.n;a ra rroceTHM.
JaHHha, HO, HrraK,
Hrro
qeTHpH
CBO.n;HOHa 6aHaJIHO-
rrp06JIeMa
ca l)aKoHoM
je.n;He rrorrHjeHe
CBeTOCTH, xoheMO
CBeTocTH,
paKHje
a )l(HqKe
Pa.n;OllIeM MJIa.n;e-
Eaay
H
paKHjy:
A
CKYBajy
paKHjoM',
OH hYTH.
y MOM ceJIY Ka)I(y, Ka<pa 6e3 paKHje
HeMajy
y Cp6HjH
cpncKHx"
H3fJIe.n;a OBaKO:
Taj rrp06JIeM
ca JeBpejHMa,
HeMajy
rrpo-
rrp06JIeMa
HH ca je.n;HHM Hapo.n;oM ... Ta
He rrpOJIa3H,
HeKO MO)l(e .n;aTO rrOCTaBH ...
H .n;OKa3a..• .n;a ce HeKO 3aYCTaBJba Ha KaqelhY
paHHje
pa3JIHQH
nOHaBJba
npehYTKHBaaa"
H3Mel)y
EehKOBHh
aHTHceMHTH3Ma H npHMehyje
6HTH onTY)l(eH
je HHCHCTHpao
H aHTHjy.n;aH3Ma.
(He6H6JIHjcKe
MHHHh
H OB.n;e
xpHllIhaHKojH He
HCTOBpeMeHO 0.n;6a-
BpCTe) y:nyheHY
HHKOJIajy
nOCTaBJba yrrope.n;o
ca
CTaBOM KojH ce JIaKO MO)l(e 0.n;6aQHTH, y OBOM KOHKpeT-
OHO llITO je aeMY o.n; pa3roBopa "fJIaca
.! OH
ca 6H6JIHjCKOM
xpHllIhaHHHa
EehKOBHh
TaKO llITO je, .n;a 6H je OMaJIOBa)l(HO,
ca rrpeTrrOCTaBKOM
ype.n;HHKoM
/ ..
Ha ceMaH-
HellITO llITO je CBojcTBeHo
3a aHTHceMHTH3aM).
3a aHTHceMHTH3aM
je.n;HHM 'eKcTpeMHHM'
Ke .n;a Ka)l(y
0 Heno-
HaJIeTeO je H MaTHja
(y CMHCJIy.n;a 6H 6HJIO TellIKO npoHahH
BeJIHMHpoBHhy,
TBp.n;ay
OBaKO:
.n;a je aHTHceMHTH3aM
(O.n;HOCHO aHTHjy.n;aH3aM)
CKOM BepoBaay 6H Morao
".n;HcKypca
H3jaBY Eaj
TOKOM HHTepBjya,
Taj apryMeHT
.n;HMeH3HjoM
He H3HOCH .n;eTaJbe peJIe-
HH ca je.n;HHM Hapo.n;OM:'
EehKOBHheBY
"HellITO
QPKBe, HellIHh
H .n;OKa3a KOjH 6H MOfJIH .n;a orrpaB.n;ajy
.n;aje H caM XpHCT
6HO aHTHceMHTa:'
6HTHO, OHO llITO je aeMY
ca npoTol)aKoHoM
QpKBe"
(Eaj<pop.n;e,
cBoje carOBopHHno BOJbH. EBO llITa
lhy60MHpOM
MajcTope!
PaHKoBHheM,
J1 BHllIHHcKH
H MHJIOllI
6H THrr03aBH.n;eJIH):
KaKO CTe?' 'BpJIO
ceCTpe cy 3HaJIe .n;aja HMaM
KO.n;BJIa.n;HKe CTe<paHa y Ka6HHeTY, YBeK
.n;a nOCJIY)l(HMO l)aKoHa
JIHl)aKOHY
CBeTOCTH,
Ka.n;a .n;ol)eM KO.n; aera.
... Cp6H
Ha MHHY Eaj<pop.n;OBor
HOM cJIyqajy
CTaBOBe.
ra: 'BallIa
HeMajy
Ka)l(e Eaj
HHaqe
BellIT je Eaj
H CBeTH qOBeK .n;OllIao je y BpaaqKY llHTaM
orrpaB.n;aBaay,
H3 ",il;BepH
Cp6H
Kao HH CHHO.n; CpnCKe
je HarrpaBHo rraTpHjapx
06Y3.n;aBa. OBa aHer-
Eaj
Qyje 0llTY)l(6y
KOjH cy KaTKa.n; TpajaJIH
Eaj<pop.n; Y3HMa H3 pa3rOBopa
Me CJIY)l(HO je.n;HOM paKHjoM Ka)l(Y: 'BallIa
H3jaBa-
KOjH je cBoje
rrpe.n;CTaBH Kao HHTeJIeKTyaJIHHrrOJIY-
.n;06po, .n;OHeCHTe, rrOCJIY)l(HTe l)aKoHa', rrpHBHJIerHjy
100
Pa.n;OllIeM MJIa.n;eHOBHheM),
HellIHh,
0 aHTHceMHTH3MY
EehKOBHh.
He HaBo.n;e ce y CTy.n;HjH':
Eaj<pop.n; je o.n;JIOMKe H3 HHTepBjya, caTa (peQHMO,
C aHXOBHM
JaHKoBHh,
OKO
npe CBera y aerOBOM
EpaHHMHp
cTojalhY
a 6aj<pop.n;H,
Hero
"llpaBOCJIaBHH
THqKOj
3HaJIH KaKO he ce rrocTyrrHTH
"H3BO.n;H H3 OBor pa3rOBopa
To je HallI
3a aera:
KOjy rraTpHjapx
CBe llITO CMO Ca3HaJIH o.n; MJIa.n;eHOBHha,
BaHTHHX qHaeHHQa
cy Ty.n;a je H3JIeqe.)
3a Kora Eaj
onpaB.n;aae
H 3a Eaj<pop.n;oB QHJb; HHje cTBap caMO y aHTHce-
"
.n;HjaJIOra, caBJIal)yjyhH
.n;eJIo:' (JOllI
MHJIaH
oH.n;a Ka.n;a
Jby.n;H KojH cy.n;aBa-
je BeJIHKa .n;YllIeBHa 60JIHHQa,
6H Kao rrpoTojepej-cTaBp0<pop
MHTH3MY,
A
HHje TH fJIaBHH rpex
.n;aTpa)l(HllI
,il;aKJIe, l)aKoH Pa.n;ollI je nHjaH.n;ypa
MH HMaMO TOJIHKO qHaeHHQa eTHKeTa ...
H Herr03HaBalhY
H CehaJIH ce Ka.n; cy rrpBH rrYT, Y .n;eTHaCTBY, OCeTHJIH aHTHceMHTCKa YOCTaJIOM, Cp6Hja
Hero Ka.n;a nOqHellI
6paTe,
llaBJIe:'
)l;oTa ce MO)l(e ynoTpe6HTH
rrpHqa
Ha KojH HaqHH cy Jby.n;HrrpHBp)l(e-
y KOHTeKCTY rOBopHor
Be3aHHX
ce H pa.n;Hl)aKoHe
6JIeM aHTHceMHTH3Ma
0 60pxeCOBCKOM
cy HMaJIH 3a QHJb.n;a HcnHTajy
pacrrOJIO)l(eaa!
'BallIa
.n;o Kpaja,
MHCJIHJIH cy .n;aje Eaj
HH HHKOJIajy
Kayqy,
3a rrpHCTyrr
CTpaTemje"
KOjH ra je y rrperrHcHBaay
y CTBapH, HMao je.n;Ha .n;pyraqHjH,
rrp06JIeM
aYTop
je ypa.n;Ho
je.n;HOCTaBHO H3MHCJIHO, H KacHHje
KOjH ce rrpaB.n;ao JepeMHha,
y Cp6HjH
KHO 3a 60JbllIeBH3aM). JIH HHTepBjye
"J1HTepBjYH
aHaxpo-
MeTaHapaQHja),
aHTHceMHTH3Ma"
TeMH. ,il;a je YCBOjHO rrOCTMo.n;epHHCTHqKe
rrpHqe
(pOMaHTHqHH
naTpHjapx
BeKa, .n;OKa3.n;aMJIal)aHH Eaj
Mo.n;epHHCTHqKY KlhHre
ra nOqHHHllI
ce .n;aHac YBepH y CBOjy ,,06jeKTHBHOCT"
HH3aM H3 XIX
'0 TOMe
6e3 cBehe:
Baj«}>OPAOBH HHTepBjyu
OHe Ka
a OH hYTH. 'BallIa
Ja .n;a 6HX ca.n;a nojaqao: TO je Kao .n;aqOBeK YMpe
"llpoTol)aKoH BpejHMa
BJba XpHcToBe XpHCTa HepB03e
Jby60MHp
Kao 0 '.n;eQHl)aBOJIa' peqH'
H aerOBor llITO Mopa
jHMa, rOBopehH:
PaHKoBHh y
TaKol)e
Pe~u Cpi:tcKOM
llITO H 'jecTe rrpHMepeHo yqelha'.
PaHKoBHh
.n;a 06jallIaaBa
HaBo.n;H .n;a rOBopehH
Hapogy,
'HHKOJIaj
0 Je-
caMO rrOHa-
je.n;HoM .n;YXOBHHKY .n;ace .n;P)l(H
je, Ha Kpajy,
BeJIHMHpoBHheBe
rroqeo
.n;a nOKa3yje
3HaKe
CTaBOBe npeMa
JeBpe-
214
215
'IIpeMa TOMe, OXlIalV1MOMaJIOTY npHqy 0 aHTHceMHTH3MY,jecaM aHTH-
EajepOPAaOABeo Ha pyqaK, H 6HO 3analbeH HEIIPMCTOJHOIII1iY
OBor "Ha-
ceMHTa, na UITa caAa? JeCTe6HO aHTHceMHTa, npOTHB TaKBor HapOAa, HapaB-
yqHHKa": MnaljaHH JIOBal\ Ha aHTHceMHTH3aM (KOjH ce JIa)J(HOnpeACTaBHO)
HO Aa jecTe 6HO H Mopa 6HTH aKO je xpHllIhaHHH.
Jep je nOTnYHO, nOTnYHO
YKJbyqHO je AHKTaepOHAa 6H 6eJIe)J(HOHeepopMaJIHe H3jaBe, llIane H CBeOHO
aHTHxpHCTOBCKOH aHTHjeBaHljeJbCKO... OH je 6HO npOTHB jeAHor KOHl\enTa H AOKTpHHe jeBpejcKe penHrHje ..:
llITO npHnaAa onYIIITeHoj aTMocepepH y TaKBHM CHTyal\HjaMa. (OAaTne je H
TepMHH 'aHTHceMHTH3aM' - OBAenpKOCHOynoTpe6JbeH - KOHCTpYHcaH je Kao CTaB KOjH je BenHMHpOBHh Mopao Aa npHXBaTH 'aKO je xpHllIhaHHH'. IIpHTOM je 3HaqajHo llITO OBa H3jaBa caAp)J(H ABa cynpoTHa TYMaqelba OHora npOTHB qera 6H xpHllIhaHH Tpe6aJIo Aa 6YAY. MaKO Ka)J(eAa je BeJIHMHpOBHh 6HO npOTHB 'jeAHor KOHl\ema H AOKTpHHe jeBpejcKe penHrHje'
aHerAOTa 0 naTpHjapxy IIaBJIY H qallIHl\H paKHje.) HHllITa 0A CYIIITHHCKHBa)J(HHXeJIeMeHaTa H3jaBe ljaKoHa PaAOllIa MJIaAeHOBHha EajepoPA HHje HaBeo y CBOMpaAY (OqHTO, TaKO je nocTynHo
H ca H3jaBaMa OCTanHX).
IIOllITeHO 3apaljHBalbe XlIe6a H OCTaJIOrllITO Y3 XlIe6 HAe. 3ap He, rocnoAHHe EajepOPA?
PaHKOBHh
HCTOBpeMeHO TBPAH Aa je BeJIHMHpOBHh Mopao Aa 6YAe 'npOTHB TaKBor HapOAa' H rOBopH 0 HapOAY, a He 0 BepcKoj AorMH, AOK HellITO KacHHje 06jallIlbaBa:
'BHAH ce 3BepcTBo y IbHXOBoj npHpoAH,
HapoA 6e3 eMOl\Hja'. OBAe YOqaBaMO Aa rpaHHl\a H3Meljy 'rpellIHHKa' H 'rpexa' caAp)J(aHa y cTapoj xpHllIhaHcKoj HHje 6allI Henp060jHa:'
o KOHTeKcTyaJIH3a~HjH H ;IJ;eKOHTeKcTyaJIH3a~HjH
6e3 napAoHa ... OHH cy
MaKCHMH 'BOJIHrpellIHHKa, MP3H rpex',
OTal\ JOBaHa EajepOPAa, THMOTH 1,I0H, cBojeBpeMeHO je paAHO, Ha TeneBH3HjH EeorpaA, Aeqjy cepHjy "HeBeH': 1I0BeK je rneAa H He Bepyje: KOJIHKO je CBe TO nOJIHTHqKH HeKopeKTHO! lIHKa JOBa 3Maj (MHha TOMHh) CTaJIHO
HHKaA HHKOHehe ca3HaTH KaKOcy H3rneAaJIH npaBH CTaBOBHHHTepBjyHcaHHX. HHKaA HHKO Hehe BHAeTH llITa je EajepoPA H36al\Ho, a llITa AOAao.
MopanHllIe
Pa3roBopH HHCY aYTopH30BaHH. CBe cTOjH caMO KOA EajepoPAa yapXHBH (a
KpaJb). lIHKa MJIHja Al\HH (Hrpa ra MHnaH CPAOq) peAoBHo KOPHCTH,6am-
Ael\H, yqH HX JIenOM nOHallIalbY, H3na)J(e nopY3H KpeaTHBHocT
CJI060AOYMHHX AeqaKa KaKaB je IIypa
MOl\a (MHKH MaHojnoBHh,
IIeTap
MO)J(AaH ApyrAe, KaA 6YAe BpeMe 3a npBa cyljelba y HOBOj, "AeMoKpaTcKoj"
HY Aa 6H AHcl\HnnHHoBao
Cp6HjH, 3a "roBop
JIa KHpHh (MHKH MaHojJIOBHh, IIeTap KpaJb) 'eBpOnOl\eHTpHqHO H3pyryje 06Hqaje 060jeHHx HeeBpOnJbaHa (pel\HMO, KaHH6ana). JIHK EHrne3a TOTeHa
Mp)J(lbe" - hate speech). 3aHcTa, EajepoPA je qOBeK KojH
je 3aCJIY)J(HonJIaTY CBOjy. 3a HCTpa)J(HBalba, HapaBHo. 3a HaYKY, CBaKaKO. HayqHHK je TO, ej! KaKBH cy 6HnH H MHJIOllI MHHHh H BHllIHHCKH. (MnH fe6eJIc, AOKTOp KIbH)J(eBHOCTH.) HaqHH Ha KojH je JOBaHEajepOPAHcnHTHBao cBoje carOBopHHKe onHcao
(MHKH MaHojnoBHh,
ljaKe y "llIKOJIH )J(HBoTa': CBeTcKH nYTHHK HHKO-
IIeTap KpaJb) AaT je Kao JIHK'iiMnepHjanHor
(y n03aAHHH ce qeCTO qyje, a KaTKaA H neBa, neCMa "Rule, Britania").
MohHHKa MHJIH-
TapHCTHqKH KynT ce Heryje Kp03 JIHK IIepe II. MapKOBHha, nYKoBHHKa Y
HaM je ljaKoH PaAOllI MnaAeHOBHh, KOjH ce Hana3H Ha qeJIY AOMa CB. HHKO-
neH3HjH. MMa npe3Hpa npeMa Hal\HOHaJIHHM MaIbHHaMa: llIaHAOp BHnoB-
naja )KHqKOr y KpaJbeBY. IheMY je AOTHqHH AOllIao H HCnpHqaO Aa cnpeMa
CKH, MaljHoHHqap, Maljap (MHJIymH
AOKTopaT Ha OKCepOPAY,0 MHCJIHH Aeny BJIaAHKe HHKonaja. IIpeACTaBHO ce
nOMohHHl\OM MHl\H (MapHHa KOJby6ajeBa) npeACTaBJbeH je Kao qHCT HAH-
Kao CHH THMomja
EYTKOBHh, MHJIOllI )Kymh)ca
CnojHM
1,I0Ha EajepOPAa, llITO je ljaKoHa PaAOllIa oA06pOBOJbHnO,
~T. MMa H xOMoep06Hje: KaA IIepa II. MapKOBHh H EHrne3 TOTeH 3annellIY,
jep je 6HO nOllITOBaJIal\ EajepOPAoBor pe)J(HcepCKor paAa, HapOqHTO Aeqje
a IIepa cnYCTH PYKY MaJIO HH)J(e Ha 60K TOTeHY, TOTeH ra YAapH no PYl\H
cepHje "HeBeH': MaKO je 6HO BeOMa 3aY3eT, ljaKoH je CBOMrOCTY nOCBeTHO
("OTKYA 3Ha Aa MY ce He cBHlja aKO HHje np06ao?").
CKOpOl\eo AaH. EHJIO MY je nOMaJIOqYAHO llITO je AOTHqHH CBeBpeMe Ap)J(ao
1,I0H EajepoPA je Cp6CKH Hal\HOHaJIHCTa, MYIIIKH llIOBHHHCTa, 3aroBopHHK
JeAHoM peqjy, THMOTH
YKJbyqeH AHKTaepOH,aJIH, nOllITO je MHcnHO Aa je TO y CBPXYHayqHor paAa,
HaCHJbay BacnHTalbY Ael\e H xOMoep06 ... M jOllI penpH3Hpajy
HHje pearOBao. TeMa MJIaAeHOBHheBor H3JIaralba 6HJIa je TeopHja KOMYHH-
qaK H npoAajy Ha DVD-y!
"HeBeH': na ra
Kal\Hje y AeJIYHHKonajeBOM. MCTHqyhH Aa je npaBocnaBHa Bepa KOMYHHKa-
OBaKo 6H TO MOrJIO Aa ce aHaJIH3Hpa, Aa je nOTnHCHHK OBHX peAoBa
THBHa (onllITeIbCKa), Aa je OTBopeHa npeMa CBHMa,MJIaAeHOBHh je HarnaCHO
CKJIOH6ajepoPAH3al\HjH KOHTeKCTa,TO jecT YHHllITaBalbY KOHTeKcTyanHHx
HHKonajeB npaBOCJIaBHH "KOCMononHTH3aM" H OTBopeHOCT 3a CBe JbYAeH
KoopAHHaTa y KojHMa ce HeKOAeJIOnojaBHJIO. AnH, nOTnHCHHK OBHXpeAOBa
HapOAe qHjH je l\HJb cnacelbe H BeqHH )J(HBOT. M QapCTBO EO)J(je je, peKao
Ka)J(e: THMOTH 1,I0H EajepoPA CHHMHOje Haj60JbY AOMahy Aeqjy TB cepHjy!
je, npeHMyhcTBeHO onllITelbe,
CaMO je XTeo Aa nOKa)J(eKaKOce, MeTOAOMCTaJbHHOBOrAp)J(aBHor TY)J(HOl\a
BO HeAOCTaTaK onllITelba.
Koje ce npOAY)J(aBa y 6ecKpaj, a aA je ynpa-
Ha Kpajy, Kao A06ap AOMahHH, MnaAeHOBHh je
BHllIHHCKor H MeTOAoM THTOBor TY)J(HOl\a Ha npOl\ecy ljeHepaJIY MHXaHJIO-
217
216 BHhy, MHnOllIa
MHHHha, CBe MO:>Ke):lOKa3aTH. A HMaM IIYHO "OCBeTHH'IKO H JeBpejH" 'IHjH je QHJb 6HO ):la
Aa Bajop):lIIoKyrnaBa):la )J;HMHTpHjeBHheB aHTHceMHTH3aM ):lOKa:>Ke 1I03HBalbeM Ha 'IHlbeHHQY ):la je ):lOTH'IHH OIITY:>KHOXon6pYKa, Me):lnHH On6pajT H
ce 60pH IIpOTHB pacH3Ma H IIpOCTa'IKe Mp:>Klbe Meljy HaMa, IIpOrnaCHo 3a
BecnHja KnapKa 3a cp6006Hjy. TIpH TOM, Baj0p):lHe Ka:>Ke):la caM HCTaKao
IIpaBo': JOBaH Baj0p):lje MOj TeKCT "Cp6H
llITO je ):l06a Y KOMe
HCTHHOJby6HBeJeBpeje, HoaMa qOMcKor H EMHna BnajKHja, Kao IIpHMep):la
:>KHBHMOIIpOH3Beno "cKHHce': ):leQY Koja 'IHTajy XHTnepa H ):lHBe ce OBOM
He Tpe6a YOlIllITaBaTH. (A MO:>KeHX ce HaBeCTH jOllI: cjajHH I,Iepe):l vhpaen,
KpBonoKY KOjH je cTajao H3a reHOQH):la Ha):l Cp6HMa H ):lPYfHM HapO):lHMa KpHIITOXHTnepOBQe. CBeTH apXJ1jepejcKH CHHO):lCTIQ je, BoljeH CnH'IHHM MO-
'IHjH cajT "QapeBO HOBOO):leno" lIoKa3yje CBe3nO'IHHe eBpOaMepH'IKHX rno6anHCTa IIpeMa Cp6HMa, YlIpaBO je je):laH O):lTaKBHX.) CBe ce MO:>Ke):lOKa3aTH, caMO aKO ce xohe (a Bajop):l xohe). lherOB
THBHMa, y CBOMcaOlIllITelbY 0):l5. e6pyapa 2002. rO):lHHeHCTaKao ):laje ,,6na-
eHrneCKH 'IHTanaQ He 3Ha HHllITa HH 0 HHKonajy,
rO):lapehH, YBenHKo, 6allI 6naroTBopHOM ):lYXOBHOMYTHQajy TIpaBoCnaBJba
cy Cp6H 3nO'IHHQH H3 Cpe6peHHQe, HOBH XHTnepOBH Cne):l6eHHQH. lherOB 'IHTanaQ HHKa):lHehe 3HaTH ):laje Bajop):lceKao TeKCTBna):lHMHpa )J;HMHTPH-
"aHTHceMHTcKH': TeKcT caM IIHCaO jep MH je cTpallIHo
HallIer IIpOCTOpa Y )J;pyroM CBeTCKOMpaTY. AnH, Baj0p):lMe je yqnaHHo y
Kao Bepe H Kao :>KHBOTHeIIpaKCe CplICKH HapO):lje):laH O):lOHHX eBpolIcKHX H xpHllIhaHcKHx
HapO):la, Ha:>KanOCTMan06pojHHx,
y KojHMa HHCY 1I0cTojana
aHTHjeBpejcKa ocehalba H paCIIOnO:>Kelba,a KaMonH HexpHllIhaHcKH
IIporo-
HH 0 Cp6HMa, OCHM ):la
jeBHha H H36aQHBao OHOllITO MY He O):lrOBapa. Hehe 3HaTH HH ):lace Baj0p):l na:>KHOIIpe):lCTaBJbaOJby):lHMa O):lKOjHX je Y3HMao HHTepBjye, ):la 6H HX 1I0cne
HCTOpHjH H Ha caBeCTH 1I0je):lHHHx HapO):la". A Bna):lHMHp )J;HMHTpHjeBHh je
HceQao IIO CBOjHM lIoTpe6aMa. )J;a,CBeTO eHrneCKH (H HHH) 'IHTaOQH Hehe 3HaTH. AnH, TO He Melba 'IH-
3alIHcao ):la "lIpaBOCnaBHH xpHllIhaHHH
lbeHHQY ):la je "HeBeH" 6HO O):lnH'IHa ):le'Ija TB cepHja.
HH H HeJbY):lcKH1I0rpOMH JeBpeja, llITO H jecTe TellIKO H36pHcHBa MpJba Y
AKO je HeKHlIpaBocnaBHH
He MO:>KeMp3eTH jeBpejcKH HapO):l.
HapO):lTO ):lOKa3ao, 6HnH cy TO Cp6H':
Baj0p):lje H CHHO):l CTIQ HIIOTlIHCHHKa OBHXpe):lOBa OIITY:>KHO):la cy, POj):lOBCKH rne):laHo, O):lnyqHHM "He" aHTHjeBpejcKoj Mp:>KIbHY cTBapH IIO-
BJIa)J;HKa HHKOJIaj H aHTHCeMHTH3aM
TBp):lHnH ):la TY HellITO HMa. qHM TBp):le ):la He Mp3e, Y CTBapH Mp3e! KHIITe O):lMp:>Klbe!)J;HMHTpHjeBHh He MO:>Ke ):la O):lrOBapa Y HMe CHHO):la,anH 0 CBOM 'InaHKY MO:>Ke1I0HellITO ):la Ka:>Ke. Bajop):lce Cny:>KHCBOjHMOMHJbeHHM,nOfH'IKO-rpaMaTH'IKHM,
aKp06a-
Je):lHa O):lrnaBHHX 0IITY:>K6H Ha pa'IYH Bna):lHKe HHKonaja TH'Ie ce IberOBe T060:>Klbe aHTHceMHTCKe Mp:>KlbeIIpeMa jeBpejcKoM HapO):lY.3aHCTa, y ):leny HaCTanOM y )J;axay, "Pe'IH CplICKOM HapO):ly Kp03 TaMHH'IKH IIp030p"
aHTHceMHTH3Ma" Y "peTOpH'IKH CaMO):lOBOJbaH"apryMeHT, jep "apryMeHT je
(Koje CBeTH HHKonaj )KH'IKH HHje 06jaBHo 3a :>KHBOTa,Hero je TO yqHlbeHo TeK 1985. rO):lHHe, y BpeMe IIpBOr H3):laBalba ca6paHHx ):lena lberoBHx), Hana-
peTOpH'IKH KOHQHIIHpaH TaKO):laQPIIH cHary H3 IIpeTIIOCTaBKe 0 1I0cTojaibY
3e ce rroje):lHHa ollITpa MeCTa YCMepeHa Ka KPHTHQH ,,)KM)J;A': Pe'I ,,)KH):l" je
KOHceH3yca': TIocne TaKBHX TBp):lIbH "HHje lIoTpe6HO pehH HHllITa BHllIe, HH
QPKBeHocnoBeHcKa H 03Ha'IaBa rrpHrra):lHHKa penHfHje Koja ce opMHpana
IIOHY):lHTH6Hno KaKBO ):lO):laTHO06jallIlbelbe".llITO
rrOllITO je ):leo jeBpejcKor
QHjaMa ):la 6HIIOKa3ao )J;HMHTpHjeBHha Kao HeKor KO IIpeTBapa "IIOpHQalbe
je, HapaBHO, na:>K: Qeo MOj TeKCTce cacTojH He caMO O):lpeTOpH'IKHX TBp):lIbH, Hero H O):lH3HOllIeiba 'IHlbeHHQa. HaBO):lHO caM 'IHlbeHHQe H3 IIpOllInOCTH Cp6cKo-jeBpejcKHx
O):lHO-
HapO):la0):l6HO ):la rrpHMH Kao MecHjy focrro):la Mcy-
ca XpHcTa, Bora KOjH je rrOCTao qOBeK. HHKO O):lrrpaBocnaBHHx XpHllIhaHa HHKa):l,MeljYTHM, HHje 3a60paBJbaO ):laje crracelbe "O):lJY):lejaQa" OH 4, 22), H):la
ca; 1I0):lCeTHO,ca HCTHHCKHM1I0llITOBalbeM, Ha JeBpeje KOjH cy, Y 6anKaHCKHM
je MajKa BO:>KHjaQBeTjeBpejcKor HapO):la, a ):lacy CBeTHarrOCTonH H CBarrpBa
paTOBHMa H TIpBOM CBeTCKOMpaTY, ):lanH :>KHBOTe3a Cp6Hjy; H HCTaKao ):la
QpKBa jeBpejcKor rropeKna. HHKonaj, Kao Y3BHllIeHH 60rocnoB H XpHCTOJbY-
cy Cp6H 1I03):lpaBHnH OCHHBalbe jeBpejcKe ):lp:>KaBeY TIanecTHHH; 1I0MeHYO
6aQ, HHje OBOry6HO H3 BH):la;caMO je TBp):lHO):la ce EBporra, Bena )J;eMoHHja,
TO KaKO cy Cp6H ClIacaBanH JeBpeje O):lHaQHCTa, 06HnHO QHTHpao MHpKa
OTrraBllIH o):l XpHCTa, 3):lpY:>KHnaca Cne):l6eHHQHMa TanMY):lCKOrjY):laH3Ma y
PajQepa, KOjH je 6HO Y BOjCQH ljeHepana MHxaHnOBHha,
Mp:>KIbHrrpeMa XpHCTY (KojH ce y TanMY):ly Ha3HBa "CHHOM 6nY):lHHQe" H
Cp6CKHM cn060):loJby6JbeM HllIHpOKorpy):lOllIhy.
H KojH je olIHjeH
Qeo TeKCTje IIYH IIpHMepa
- anH, Baj0p):l He HaBO):lHHHje):laH, Hero ce 3aYCTaBJbaHa OrpaHH'IelbHMa
"na:>KHHMrrpopOKOM" H qHjH ce cne):l6eHHQH rrpOKnHIbY)· C THM Y Be3H, rroTlIYHo je y rrpaBY Bna):lHKa AMHnoxHje KOjH je y CBOM
3a JeBpeje y XIX BeKy,):lO BepnHHcKor KOHrpeca, Koja cy 1I0cTojana y Cp6H-
orne):ly "BOrO'IOBoBje'IaHCKH eTOCBna):lHKe HHKonaja" peKao: "Bna):lHKa HH-
jH MHxaHna 06peHoBHha
Konaj BonH cBoj Hapo):l Hece6H'IHOM Jby6aBJbY. YrrpaBo 3aTO llITO ra BonH,
(lIpH 'IeMY 3a60paBJba lIonHTHKY aBopH30Balba
JeBpeja, KOjy je ClIpOBO):lHOMHnollI
06peHoBHh).
)J;aH He rOBopHMO 0 TOMe
o):l CBOjHX Mna):lHX ):laHa H306nH'IaBa
lberOBe MaHe H rropOKe. Ta'IHO Kao
218
219
6H6nHjcKH llpOPOQH. AKO 6H MjepHnH BnaAHKY HHKonaja npeMa lberOBHM
6paTHMHO C JeBpejHHOM?).* fpal)aHHH J13paena, JepycanHMJbaHHH H JeBpe-
rOpKHM H OnOpHM pHjelJHMa, Koje je He jeAHoM H3rOBopHO H 3anHcao 0 CBOMHapOAY, npeMa OHOMelJHMe ra je H KaKO ra je H306nHlJaBaO, MornH 6H
jHH CaMyen ABHjaTap, y CBOMorneAY "CHHOBH Cp6Hje H CHHOBH J13paHJba':
ra npornaCHTH 3a HajBener Cp60MpCQa H aHTHcp6HHa Y cpnCKOM HapOAY H
2003, oceTHBIllH KOje BnaAHKa, peKao je: "HaQHcTHlJKH CaTaHa 3Hao je AO-
lberoBoj
6po 3aIllTO ra je YTaMHHlJHo. YTaMHHlJHO ra je jep je lJOBeK EO){(HjH. Jep je
HCTOpHjH. Ho, ynpaBo
TO lberOBO H306nHlJaBalbe 3na y cpnCKOM
H3roBopeHoM Ha cKyny nocBeneHoM CBeToM HHKonajy y )l{HlJH Y jaHyapy
HapOAY, lberOBHX 3a6nYAa H 3aCTpalbelba, nOKa3yje Aa ra je OH 3aHCTa AY-
oA6HO Aa ce oApeKHe Eora. OH C060M cHMBonH3yje Cp6Hjy, jep je AOIllao H3
60KO BonHO. Ta npOpOlJKa AHMeH3Hja lberOBe nHlJHOCTHH lberOBe Jby6aBH,
npecToHe KpaJbeBCKe )l{HlJe, )l{HlJe CBeTor CaBe, KOjH je nOAHrao cpncKH
HapOlJHTO y 3penHM rOAHHaMa, KJbyq je 3a MHoro UITa UITO je OH HanHcao
IllaTop y Ta60py J13paHJba:'
H H3rOBopHO, KaKO 0 CBOMe HapOAY, TaKO H 0 EBponH H JeBpejHMa. HHKO
Y nOBHQH Ha HHKonaja 360r aHTHceMHTH3Ma 3aHCTa HMa MHoro nHQe-
HHje TonHKO BonHO jeBpejcKH H3a6paHH EO>KHjHHapOA, KonHKO cy ra BOJbe-
Mepja. Jep, OHOIllTO ce 3aMepa lbeMY, onpaIllTa
ce ApyrHMa, HCTHHCKHMMp-
nH lberOBH npopOQH. OHaj, Mel)YTHM, KOjH je Hone yn03HaT ca npOpOlJKHM
3HTeJbHMa JeBpeja H lJaK HCKpeHHM cneA6eHHQHMa XHTnepa, IllTO HHKonaj
cnHCHMa, 3Hane Aa HHKO HHje TonHKO paAHKanHO H306nHlJHO Taj HapOA, lberOBe MaHe H HeAOCTaTKe,HapOlJHTO lberOBO 60rooAcTynHHIllTBO, KonH-
Aa, YMe Aa ynoTpe6H H APyralJHje pelJH, nYHe pa3YMeBalba, KaAa cy y nHTalbY
HHKaA HHje 6HO. <1>HnHnLJ:aBHA,KOjH BnaAHKY HHKonaja HenpeCTaHo Hana-
KO cy TO yqHHHnH ynpaBo lberOBH npopOQH. Y3MHMO Ha npHMjep npopOKe
nHCQH KOjH MY ce, H3 OBHX HnH OHHX pa3nora, AonaAajy. EBO IllTa OH Ka){(e
J1caHjy, JepeMHjy, HnH HeKe Apyre BenHKe H Mane npopOKe, HnH peQHMO y cBoje BpHjeMe npopOKa J1nHjy. XoneMO nH 360r Tor H306nHlJaBalba Ha3BaTH
y CBOMHHTepBjyy "BelJeplbHM HOBOCTHMa": "llHCQH, Kao H nOnHTHlJapH, y jaBHHM pacnpaBaMa lJeCTOrperne, HeKaA 036HJbHO H TeIllKO. llpHceTHMO ce
npopOKe EO){(Hje aHTHceMHTHMa, Mp3HTeJbHMa CBora pOAa? J1nH ce oBAje
caMO H3 6nH){(e HCTopHje KIbH){(eBHOCTHKHYTa XaMCYHa, E3pe llaYHAa H Ce-
paAH, Kao IllTO ce H paAH, 0 JbYAHMa orpoMHe EO){(Hje Jby6aBH, Koja Kapa
nHHa, KOjH cy, nOAP){(aBajynH Ha jaBHoj nOnHTHlJKoj cQeHH HeKe OA H3pa3HTO
ynpaBo 3aTO DlTO BonH? TaKo je H AnocTon llaBne, JeBpejHH H jeBpejcKor pOAa, 6HO cnpeMaH Aa H3ry6H AYIllY CBojy H cBoje cnacelbe, He 6H nH ce cnacao lberOB HapOA (PM 9,1-5). AnH je Taj HCTH AnocTon llaBne Ha3HBao
AenHMa Ha y6eAJbHB HalJHH HerHpanH cBoje nOnHTHlJKe CTaBOBe.J1 He caMO
CBoj HapoA 'ncHMa' (It>lln 3,2), He H3 Mp){(lbe npeMa IbHMa, Hero He 6H nH ra
He pOMaHe. JeAHO je, AaKne, AHpeKTHO nOnHTHlJKO aHra){(OBalbe, a HeIllTO
oTpHje3HHo H npHBeo Eory H BjelJHOM npOCBenelbY y XpHCTY. TaKBor KOBa
caCBHM APyro KIbH){(eBHH paA" (BelJeplbe HOBOCTH, 13. jaHyap 2002).
6HO je H BnaAHKa HHKonaj. Y TOM npOpOlJKOM AYXY Tpe6a CXBaTJ1THCBeOHO onopo
H ropKO IllTO OH nHIlle 0 CBOMcpnCKOM HapOAY, 0 EBponH, 0 J13pa-
nOIllHX HAeonorHja H HAeja, Kpajlbe AeCHHQe H q,aIllH3Ma, anH cy y CBOjHM TO, Hero cy, nonYT JIyja <1>epAHHaHAaCenHHa, HanHcanH Haj60Jbe aHTHpaT-
IIlTa cy rOBopHnH KHYT XaMcYH, llaYHA H CenHH, KojHMa <1>HnHnLJ:aBHA npaIllTa? H06enoBaQ KHYT XaMcYH 7. Maja 1945, nocne XHTnepoBor
ca-
HnCKOM HapOAY. / .../ CBjecTaH orpoMHe OArOBopHOCTH H ynore y HCTOPHjH,
Moy6HcTBa, Ka){(e: "HHcaM AocTojaH Aa CBelJaHOrOBopHM 0 AAonq,y XHTne-
n03HTHBHe H HeraTHBHe, OHor npBor H3a6paHor EO){(Hjer HapOAa, cBjeCTaH
py ... OH je 6HO paTHHK, paTHHK 3a lJOBelJaHCTBO,H nponoBeAHHK JeBaHl)eJba
A06pa Koje HOCHanH H BenHKHX onaCHOCTH Koje Taj HapOA CBOjHM 60rOOTY-
o npaBHMa CBHX HapoAa. llpeACTaBJbaO je nojaBY peq,opMaTopa
l)elbeM npOY3poKyje H AOHOCHKaKO ce6H TaKO H QHjenoM cBHjeTY, BnaAHKa
peAa, a HCTopHjcKa cYA6HHa MY je 6Hna Aa je Mopao AenOBaTH y BpeMeHY
HajBHIller
npOpOlJKOr je3HKa,
HenpHMepeHe CypOBOCTHKoja ra je Ha Kpajy y6Hna. OBaKO 6H CBaKH 3anaA-
H306nHlJaBajynH ra He Mp){(lbe paAH npeMa lbeMY Hero paAH jeAHe Ay6Jbe xpHCTonHKe H XpHCTOBCKeJby6aBH H 6pHre 3a lberOBO H36aBJbelbe H cnace-
HOeBpOnJbaHHHTpe6ano Aa rneAa Ha AAonq,a XHTnepa, a MH, lberOBe 6nHcKe npHCTanHQe, npHKnalbaMo rnaBe npeA lberOBOM cMpnY:' A E3pa llaYHA? OH
Ibe. TaKo Tpe6a CXBaTHTH H lberOBe ropKe H onope pHjelJH 0 EBponH Kao H
je rOBopHo 0 "jeBpejcKoj
o CBOM conCTBeHOM HapOAY. Y TOM KOHTeKCTYTpe6a pa3YMHjeTH lberOBY
3MOM, npe3HpoM npeMa npHpoAH, H 6HO je nponaraHAHcTa
OCHOBHYKOHQenQHjy, BH3Hjy HCTopHje CTapor H HOBor J13paHJba H CBeYKynHor lJOBjelJaHCTBa:'
I,Ia6aKa" n03HBao Ha norpoM JeBpeja, H rOBopHo: "LJ:acy ce Malbe IllenypHnH
npH6jeraBa
Ha TpeHYTKe y OAHOCYHa Ibera ynoTpe6H
Bao ca MyconHHHjeBor
60necTH"
Koja je 3apa3Hna XpHIllnaHcTBo
aCKeTH-
KOjH ce ornaIlla-
paAHja. <1>paHQycKHnHcaQ CenHH je y "llOKOJbY 3a
3a BpeMe LJ:pyror CBeTCKor paTa, H caM nOA HeMalJKOMCTpa){(OM, pH3HKyjynH CBOj ){(HBOT H 6e36eAHOCT, BnaAHKa HHKonaj cnacaBa TpCTeHHlJKY
* nHCMO Elle
JeBpejKY Eny HajxaY3 H lbeHY MajKY. Ca OQeMEnHHHM, JeBpejHHoM, HHKonaj
CBelllTeHHK BellH60p I,IoMHn, Bpe.l1HHHCTpalKHBaq HOBHje HCTopHje enu:. Tora! (Han. B. )J..)
je npe paTa 6HO llOEPATJ1M
(Aa nH 6H ce OCTpaIllneHH Mp3HTeJb JeBpeja
TpH
je OTKpHO H o6jaBHo XBalla MY360r
220
221
no Qenoj nnaHeTH, Aa cY Malhe aeaanH qOBeKa, MO:>KAaHe 6H HarpaHcanH:' J.1JOW: ,,)J;OBOlbHOje norneAaTH, Mano n06nH:>Ke,TY AHBHY lhyrnKY THnHqHOr
npHMHCMO HCTHHY,no peqH CBeTora anOCTona fIaBna, HH OAaHrena HH OA'10BeKa Hero OA caMora Eora, KOjH ce jaBHo lbYAHMa y Teny, Aa HM OTBOpH Qap-
jewe, na Aa aaYBeK... Te BeqHTO HeHCKpeHe OqH, Aa ce OA IhHX npe6neAH ...
CTBOHe6ecHo H nOBeAe HX y TO 6narocnOBeHo QapCTBO:' ETO, HHKonaj HHje
Taj CTHCHYTHOCMex, Te HoaApBe Koje ce WHpe: XMjeHa... JeBpejH cy TH KOjH
caMO "aHTHceMHTa': Hero je H "aHTHXHHAYHCTa': H "aHTHMycnHMaH':
noceAyjy
CBe anaTO OBora CBeTa... Hawa QHBHnHaaQHja je jeBpejcKa - MH
A HHje
CMOCBH nOAjeBpejH" HTA. A aa HHKonaja, KOjH HMa MOnHTBY aa jeBpejcKH
HH jeAHo HH APyro HH Tpehe, Hero Cnyra XpHCTa, HeyjeAHaqHTelba H HeyjeAHaqHBOr (TaKO fa caM aOBe y ,,}I{eTBaMa focnoAIhHM"), Eora KOjH je lby6aB
HapoA, H KOjH je 1940, nOqeTKOM paTa, nHcao CBOMHapoAY Y enapxHjH :>KHq-
H J.1cTHHa.3a CBeTor HHKonaja HHje 6Hno, HHTH je Morno 6HTH penHmjcKor
KOj Aa ce Mone aa OHe KOjH cTpaAajy Y paTY (H aa JeBpeje, HapaBHo), HeMa paaYMeBalha ... Ho, OCTaBHMOHawe "rpaljaHcKe nHCQe" ce6H H concTBeHoj 06jacHHMo 0 qeMY je KOA HHKonaja peq.
caBeCTH.
penaTHBHaMa, TaKO MHnor AYXY Hawer A06a ("CBH nYTeBH BOAe Ka Eory"). OH je Boneo lbYAe, anH je oA6aQHBao na:>KHH aa6nYAe; aa lbYAe H HapoAe ce cBarAa MonHO, anH IhHXOBe HAone je pyrnHO CBHMAYXOBHHM CHnaMa. Ca HCTOMTaKBOM cTporowhy
HHKonaj je, Kao CBeTHTelb XpHCTOB, QenoKynHY CTBapHOCT MepHO H npOBepaBao XpHCTOM. CBe WTO YAalbaBa 0A XpHCTa BOAH Y BeqHY CMpT. CBeTH HHKonaj je aHao Aa caMO OTKpHBelhe AaTOI..:(PKBHEO:>KHjOjjecTe cna-
H cypoBowhy
lby6aBH CBeTH HHKonaj
je rOBopHo H 0 CBOMHapoAY: "llITa qeKaTe, Cp6H? XoheTe nH Aa 6YAeTe 6aqeHH y cTapo aapljano rBO:>Klje,Kao WTO cy MHorH HapoAH Beh 6aqeHH, HnH
KojHMa ce
heTe ce jeAHoM OA Drlha CTpaAalha OCBeCTHTHH aacHjaTH Kao HapoA Eora }l{HBora? XTenH OBOHnH OHO,Eor he yqHHHTH OA Bac OHOWTO OH xohe no
EBponlbaHH oKpehy, 6e:>KehH0A XpHcTa. TaKO H 0 XMHAYHaMYH "CTaKneHHM
:>KelbHBenHKHX XpHCTOlby6HBHX npeAaKa BaWHX. To jecT 6aQahe Bac y neh
OqHMa J.1HAHje" y cnHCY "TeoAyn": "OqH MOAepHor aanaAlhaKa cKnanajy ce
orlheHY H y nOTon H nOA TyljHHCKH Maq, H y TYHen MpaKa H HeBHljelha, H y 6eaAaHe 6ea60WTBa H anOqHHa, AOKne rOA ce He OCBeCTHTeH He nOBpaTHTe
COHOCHaBepa; aaTO OH OWTpO rOBopH H 0 APyrHM penHrHjaMa,
OA ycxHhelha H aanpenawhelha
npeA HeAOCTH:>KHOM H YTaHqaHOM YMeTHO-
why HCTOqHHXxpaMOBa. AnH KaA YHYTpa ylje Y Te xpaMoBe, Aa BHAH caAp:>KajIhHXOB H qyje HaMeHY IhHXOBY, OH paapOraqeHHX OqHjy H OTBopeHHX
K Eory H K ce6H. 3ap ce He CTHAHTe, H aap CTe6aw caCBHM Hary6HnH CTHA? fIeT CTOTHHarOAHHa Eor Bac je 6aQao y oralh H CTaBlbao Ha CBOj HaKOBalh,
YCTa,Y:>KacHYT,oKpehe JIelja H6e:>KH.JeAaH npeKpacHH xpaM y EmnTY nOCBe-
Aa 6H BapHHQe Ha Te6e HaneTane no QenOMe CBeTY,H Ha Kpajy KpajeBa, qHM
heH je QPHoMe 6HKY AnHcy, ApyrH HeKoj Apyroj :>KHBOTHIhH,TpehH Tpehoj. Y
TH je focnOA Aao ocn060ljelhe,
HeKHM xpaMoBHMa 60rOBcKH cy ce HerOBanH BonoBH, Y APyrHMa KpoKoAHnH,
ce nOKaaao Kao CHpOBO rBo:>Klje, a He qenHK. )J;a nH ce CTHAHW? )J;aje Eor
y TpehHMa 6YlbHHe. Y J.1HAHjH:Y jeAHoj naroAH KpaBe cY CBeTe :>KHBOTHlhe,
nona XHlbaAe rOAHHa ApeCHpao AHBlbe aBepH, aap ce He 6H nOKaaane 60lbe
Y APyroj MajMYHH, Y Tpehoj aMHje. J.1AaH AaHac. / .../ Y HHAHjCKHM BeAaMa HanaaH ce cneAehe cTpawHo yqelhe: 'J.1cTHHaH na:>Kcy penaTHBHe, H 06e cy HeonxoAHe Kao caCTaBHH Aeo HnyaHje' (fIpaHoBa
BeAa, I 24). 3aHCTa CTpa-
WHO. )J;eMOHje AaKne paBHOMohaH Eory, llIHBa paaopHTelb paBHonpaBaH ca BHWHYOM aHAaTelbeM! Y BpXOBHoj TpHjaAH HHAHjCKOjna:>KceAH nopeA HCTH-
Koje CH TH CXBaTHOKao oAynapelhe,
TH CH
OA Te6e?" ("Kpoa TaMHHqKH npoaop"). )J;aKne, CBeTH HHKonaj ce npe CBera 06pahao CBOMHapOAY, KojH MY je 6HO EoroM nOBepeH Ha AYXOBHOcTapalhe. C THM Y BeaH, HapOqHTO je nOKaaaH npHMep Ha "TeoAyna': Y KOMe BnaAHKa rOBopH 0 eBaHljelbcKoj
npHqH
o anHM BHHorpaAapHMa, qHje OCHOBHOaHaqelhe ce THqe apHcejcKe ceKTe
He, H ano Qapyje nopeA A06pa. Ho H jeAHo H Apyro, Ka:>KY,jecTe HnyaHja!"
Meljy JeBpejHMa A06a XpHCTOBor. EBO WTa BenH :>KHqKH3naTOYCT: "fIpHqa
3a CBeTor HHKonaja, J.1HAHjaje aeMlba y Kojoj HeMa HCTHHe, KOjOj, ynpKOC
o anHM BHHorpaAapHMa OAHOCHce yrnaBHoM Ha JeBpeje, KOjH Ha6Hwe, Ka-
lheHOM orpOMHOM penHmoaHOM nOTeHQHjany, AeMOH aanoBeAa. J.1aaTO joj CBeTH HHKonaj nopyqyje: "KpCTH ce, J.1HAHjO,WTa qeKaw? He nOMa:>KeEor
MeHOBawe HnH y6Hwe EO:>KHjenpopOKe H HaacnaHHKe, nocnaHe OA Eora Aa
KojH caMO aanoBeAa, H rpMH, a He Aaje nHqHH npHMep. He cnacaBa HH KpHWHa HHllIHBa, Hero cnacaBa XpHCTOC, KojH ca oqHwhelheM nOqHlhe, H caM
CHHa EO:>KHjerMecHjy. AnH je OBa npHqa THnHqHa aa CBaKor HexaTHor XpH-
Aaje npHMep oqHwhefba:'
J.1aa HcnaM CBeTH HHKonaj aHa Aa HHje HCTHHHTa,
HH EorOM OTKpHBeHa Bepa: "YnHTajMo
MycnHMaHe, KO je OTKpHO MyxaMe-
AY jeAHora HeTpojHqHOr Eora, KojH HHje HH OTaQ HH CHH HH )J;yx CBeTH. HHKO, OCHMOH caM TYMaqehH 06a xpHwhaHCKa 3aBeTa, CTapH H HOBH, Ha CBOj HaqHH, caMOBOlbaH HaqHH, H, KaKO OH TBPAH, aHren I,Ie6pHen. A MH He
npHMe nnoA OA IhHX Kao EO:>KHjer BHHorpaAa pYKocaAa. HajaaA y6Hwe H whaHHHa, KOjH He Aaje Eory HHKaKBa pOAa OA Ayrne cBoje, Hero oA6aQyje H npeaHpe npopOKe, anOCTone, oQe H yqHTelbe, na HajaaA oA6aQyje H CHHa Eo:>KHjerCBora CnaCHTelba! 360r Tora 6HBa H OH OA Eora npOKneT H oA6aqeH. )J;aHe 6YAe TO CHaMa Cp6HMa, 6paTe TeoAyne!" )J;aKne,CBeTH HHKonaj 0 JeBpejHMa rOBopH, a MHcnH npe CBera Ha CBOj HapOA. J.1TO je y nOTnYHOCTH y cKnaAY C eraereTCKOM TpaAHQHjoM CBeTHX
223
222
OTau;a. EBo KaKOje Y VI BeKY 0 <papHcejcTBY rOBopHo CBeTH MaKcHM Mcrro-
XHTJIepa ca CBeTHM CaB OM': He IIOMa)l(e MY HHllITa llITO je IIHcao IIpOTHB
BeAHHK: "OHO llITO je peKaO rOCnOA HallI, )l(aJIehH ce Ha <papHceje, npHMelbY-
XHTJIepa, YCTao IIpOTHB Ap)l(aBHOr IIaKTa ca XHTJIepOM, 6HO 3aTOqeH IIO JIHq-
jeM Ha Hac, caAallIlbe JIHu;eMepe. He Be3yjeMo JIH MH JbYAHMa 6peMeHa TellIKa
HOMXHTJIepOBOM HapeljeIbY ... To je 06jeKTHBHoCT HallIHX "He3aBHcHHx" HH-
H He3rOAHa 3a HOllIelbe, a caMH ce He TpYAHMO HH npCTOM Aa MaKHeMo? He
TeJIeKTyaJIau;a, KOjH cy, IIO cBeMY cYAehH, He3aBHCHH caMO OA IIOllITelba H
qHHHMO JIH MH cBoja AeJIa Aa 6HCMO ce npeA JbYAHMa nOKa3aJIH? He BOJIHMO
A06por
JIH H caMH Aa ceAHMO Ha npBHM MeCTHMa 3a Tpne3aMa
AO 30pe.
H ca6palbHMa,
a OHe,
YKyca ... AJIH, CBaqHje he AeJIO H3ahH Ha BHAeJIo. M HHqHja He ropH
KOjH HaM He oAajy TaKBY nOqaCT, He CMaTpaMO JIH CMpTHHM HenpHjaTeJbHMa? 3ap HHCMOY3eJIH KJbyqeBe 3Halba H He 3aTBapaMO JIH lJ,apcTBo EO)l(Hje IIpeA JbYAHMa, YMeCTOAa HM AaMO Aa yljy H Aa caMH yljeMo? He 06HJIa3HMO JIH MH
AHTHceMHTH3aM,
aHTHjmaH3aM,
aHTHxpHmnaHCTBO
•.•
Mope H KOIIHO Aa HaljeMo jeAHor yqeHHKa, H KaA ce TO AeCH, He qHHHMO JIH "YBepeH caM Aa aHTHceMHTH3Ma Y TOj KIbH3J1HeMa. He cMaTpaM jeBpejcKJ1 HapoA Y 6HJIO qeMY rOpJ1M OAPYCKor J1JIJ1HeKor Apyror HapoAa. JeAHocTaBHo, ja He CMaTpaM JeBpeje 60JbJ1M oA CBJ1XOCTaJIJ1XHapoAa. Met)YTJ1M, caA ce qaK J1TO CMaTpa aHTJ1CeMJ1TJ13MOM:'
ra CHHOM IIaKJIa, ABaIIYT ropHM OA ce6e? HHCMO JIH MH BoljH CJIeIIH, KOjH ou;eljyjy KOMapu;a, a np0)l(AHpy
KaMHJIY? He qHCTHMO JIH MH CIIOJba qallIY H
3AeJIY, a H3HYTpa CMO "YHH rpa6e)l(H,
nJbaqKe H HeY3AP)l(alba? He rpaAHMo
JIH MH CIIOMeHHKeH He YKpallIaBaMO JIH rp060Be
aIIOCTOJIa, a caMH CMOCJIHq-
HH IbHXOBHMy6Hu;aMa?" HaIIaAH Ha CBeTor
1)aKoH AHApej KypajeB
HHKOJIaja )I(HqKOr 360r aHTHceMHTH3Ma cy caMO
IIOKYllIaj Aa ce CIIpeqH Aa HapOA qHTa OHOAPyro, CYllITHHCKO,llITO je BJIaAHKaXTeo Aa Cp6H HajAy6Jbe IIojMe - a TOje Aa 6e3 XpHCTa H )l(HBOTa IIO 3aKOHY EO)l(HjeM Cp6CKOM HapOAY HeMa OIICTaHKa H CIIaca, HH IIpHBpeMeHor BeqHor. "rpaljaHH"
HH
jaKo A06po 3Hajy 0 qeMY je peq, aJIH CBeCHO llIHpe Mamy
H IIpoAajy i3jaJIa, TBPAehH, peU;HMO, Aa je KYJITHHKOJIajeB IIoAcTHu;ao HHKO ApyrH AO - CJI060AaH MapKH3a
MHJIOllIeBHh
(TaKO II03HaTH IIOpHOJby6, aIIOJIOreTa
Ae CaAa, MBaH qOJIOBHh, BeJIH: "Y MHJIOllIeBHheBO BpeMe YCIIO-
CTaBJbeH je IIpaBH KYJIT HHKOJIaja BeJIHMHpOBHha, jeAHor, 6JIaro
peqeHO,
Y IIOCJIeAlbe BpeMe ce, IIopeA IIpHqe 0 paCHCTHqKOM, CKHHxeAOBCKOMaHTHjeBpejcKoM paCIIOJIO)l(elbY, rOBopH H 0 IIpOTJ1BjeBpejcKHM ocehalbHMaXpHllIhaHa. TaKo je H BJIaAHKa HJ1KOJIaj je jeAaH OA 60rOCJIOBa - "aHTHceMHTa". Ho, IIpe HO llITO KpeHeMO Aa ce ca OBHMIIp06JIeMoMcYOqaBaMO BOCJIaBHH xpJ1llIhaHH Tpe6a
Aa cameAaMO
Kao IIpa-
J1 APYry CTpaHY. AKO cy BeJIJ1KH
0U;J1 lJ,pKBe, IIOIIYT 3JIaTOYCTa, rOBOpHJIH ropKe peqH 0 jYAaJ13MY,jYAejcKJ1 yrJIeAHJ1U;J1H TeOJI03H HHCY 6HJIJ1 HJ1llITa Malbe OAJIyqHH. EBO llITa 0 XPH-
KOHTpOBep3Hor IIpaBOCJIaBHOr CBellITeHHKa H TeOJIOra, aHTHceMHTe, KOjH je
CTY Ka)l(e jeAaH OA HajTOJIepaHTHHjJ1X jeBpejcKHx
XHTJIepa yrropeljHBao
"HaKoH Tora HaCTaJIa je HOBa ceKTa Koja je KOM6HHoBalla OBa ABa MeToAa,
ca CBeTHM CaBOM. lherOB KYJITce H AaHac yqBpllIhyje,
nOIIYJIapHllIe, yrpaljyje
Y 3rpaAY HOBHX,AeMOKpaTCKHXCpIICKHX HAeaJIa. PO-
KepH IIHllIY MY3HKYIIpeMa lberOBHM TeKCTOBHMa" - "BpeMe':
HaHMe, oCBajalbe
MJ1CJIHJIau;a, MajMoHHA:
H cYK06, Y jeAaH, jep je BepOBaJIa Aa he OBa IIpou;eAypa
2. XII 2001).
6HTH e
H XaMCYHY, H
OHa je, cTora, OAJIyqHJIa Aa HMa IIpeTeH3Hje
HaU;Hje H peJIHrHje.
Ha IIpOpOqaHCTBO J1 Aa oCHyje
TIaYHAY,H CellHHY, HaKO CYTO 6HJIH HCI
je.u;HYHOBYBepy, IIpOTHBHY llallIoj 60)l(aHcKoj peJIHfHjH, Kao H Aa TBPAH Aa
3Ma H qaK IIpHqallH
je OHa nOAjeAHaKo EorOM AaTa. OHa ce HaAaJIa Aa he TJ1Me IIp06YAHTH CYMlbe
0 "IIOKOJbY 3a I,Ia6aKa" HaA JeBpejHMa,
caMO 3aTO llITO
cy 6HJIH YMeTHHU;HIIO IbHXOBOM KaJIyrry. Ca <pallIH3MOM cy
If CTBOpHTH3a6YHY, jep je jeAHa cyrrpoTCTaBJbeHa
BHJbeM EaTJIep JejTc, KOjH je nHcao
HHpajy J13 60)l(aHCKOr H3Bopa, llITO 6H AOBeJIOAO YHHllITelba 06e pellJ1rHje.
llIHCTHqKH IIOKpeT, )J;. X. JIopeHc,
neCMe 3a "IIlIaBe KOllIYJbe': HpCKH <pa-
KojH je HMao CHMIIaTHje IIpeMa MYCOJIH-
HHjeBoM IIOAYXBaTY,JIYHljH TIHpaHAeJIO, AyroroAHllIlbH
qJIaH <pallIHCTHqKe
Jep, TaKaB H3Y3eTaH IIJIaH Kyje qOBeK KOjH je 3aBJ1AaH H rHeBaH. OH he ce 60pJ1TH Aa y6Hje CBor HeIIpHjaTeJba
IIapTHje, TOMa30 MapHHeTH,
KOjH je CJIaBHO paT H IIOKOJbe Y ETHoIIHjH, Ha-
YBHAH Aa je HeMoryhe
paBHO, H MapTHH XajAerep,
peKTOp YHHBep3HTeTa Y
he 060jHu;a 6HTH y6HjeHH.
H llITHhe-
HHK Bolje CA oApeAa, EpHcTa PeMa ... M CBHMa IbHMa je OIIPollITeHO, H CBH cy yrnJIH Y HCTOpHjy KYJIType ca CBOjHM AeJIHMa, caMO Cp6HMa 6YAe Apar CBeTH HHKOJIaj )I(HqKH, jep je 6HO "aHTHceMHTa"
He CMe Aa
H "y"opeAHO
APyroj, a 06e HaBOAHOeMa-
J1 crrace CBOj BJIaCTHTH )l(HBOT, aJIH KaA
Aa OCTBapJ1 CBOj U;HJb,OH he CMHCJIHTH3aBepy y KOjoj
TIpBJ1 KOjH je YCBOjHOoBaj IIJIaH 6HO je Mcyc Ha3apehaHHH,
HeKa MY ce
KOCTHIIpeTBope y npallIHHY. OH je 6HO JeBpejJ1H jep MYje MajKa 6J1JIa JeBpejKa, a OTaU; MY je 6HO IIaraHHH. Jep, y CKJIaAY C OApeA6aMa HallIera 3aKOHa,
224
225
.n;eTeKoje po.n;eJeBpejKa H naraHHH, HnH JeBpejKa H p06, 3aKOHHTOje (JeBaMOT,45a). Jt1cycje CaMOq>HrypaTHBHO Ha3BaH He3aKOHHTHM .n;eTeTOM.OH je HaBeO Jby.n;e.n;aBepyjy.n;a je npOpOK KOra je nocnao Bor.n;a pa3jacim KOMnnHKOBaHa MeCTa y TOPH, H .n;aje OH MecHja KOra je npOpeKaO CBaKH noje.n;HHH npOpOK. OH je TYMaqHO Topy H lbeHa npaBHna Ha TaKaB HaqHH .n;a.n;OBe.n;e
Hapo.n;y .n;OHoceocn060~elbe
o.n;TY~HHCKor japMa. YonUlTe HHje nocao MeCH-
je .n;a6pHHe 0 .n;YUIaMaCBor CTa.n;a:' Jt1cTopHja Y3ajaMHHx o.n;HocaxpHUlhaHa H cne.n;6eHHKajy.n;aH3Macno)l(eHa je H HeMaMO npOCTopa .n;aje 036HJbHO H3nO)l(HMO, anH Cp)l( xpHUlhaHCTBa HHje HH y KaKBOM "aHTHceMHTH3MY': Kap.n;HHan JIYCTH)I(e HarnaUlaBa: "Ol.\H
.n;0lbHXOBOr nOTnYHOr YHHUlTelba, .n;0YKH.n;albaCBHXlbeHHX 3anOBeCTH H .n;0
UpKBe 6e3 npeCTaHKa rOBope .n;aje MojcHje rOBopHo Jt13paHJbYy BO)l(je HMe.
HapYUIaBalba lbeHHX 3a6paHa. My.n;pal.\H, HeKa je 6narOCnOBeHO Cehalbe Ha
AKO H KpHTHKyjy
JeBpeje, TO je 3aTO UlTO OHH HHCY OCTanH BepHH CBOM
lbHX, nOUlTO cy nOCTanH CBeCHHlberOBHX nnaHOBa, npe HerO UlTO ce lberOBa
Ha3HaqelbY H CBOM3aBeTY ca BorOM. AnH Ol.\H UpKBe cy 3HanH CTapH 3a-
penYTal.\Hja paUlHpHna Me~y HaUlHM Hapo.n;OM,o.n;MepHnH cy MY npHKna.n;HY Ka3HY:'
BeT HanaMeT H HHKa.n;HHje 6Hno BH6nHje 6e3 CTapor 3aBeTa:' ,l];aKne, .n;ace
TaKO MajMoHH.n;, KOjH TBp.n;H.n;aje XpHCTOC CHH naraHHHa H .n;aje CnpaBOM Ka)l(lbeH, jep je XTeo .n;apa30pH CTap03aBeTHH 3aKOH. AnH, TO HHje 6Hno caMO y Cpe.n;lbeM BeKY. TaKO je H.n;aHac. EBO UlTa Ka)I(e AH.n;pej KypajeB, nH-
CnO)l(HMOCJIYCTH)I(eOM:"OHO UlTO 0.n;6al.\yjeM je nOTnYHO XOMoreHa BH3Hja HCTOpHje Koja 6H TBp.n;Hna.n;acy TOKOM20 BeKOBa xpHlllhaHcKH
aHTHjy.n;aH-
3aM H aTeHCTHqKH aHTHceMHTH3aM <popMHpanH je.n;aH6noK:' A PYCKHTeonor AH.n;pej KypajeB y CBOMorne.n;y "TajHa Jt13paHJba".n;o.n;a-
UlyhH 0 caBpeMeHOM jeBpejcKoM ny6nHl.\HCTH Ceprejy JIe30BY: "TIo MHUlJbe-
je: "XpHUlhaHcKa
lbY Cepreja JIe30Ba, .n;a6H UpKBa ca ce6e KOHaqHO cKHHyna no.n;03pelbe .n;a
Jt13paHJb. XpHUlhaHH
KynTHBHUle aHTHceMHTH3aM H HeTOnepaHl.\Hjy, Tpe6a, HaBo.n;HO,CTBOpHTH
cne.n;6eHHl.\Hjy.n;aH3Ma, jep y lbOj He BH.n;ecnY)l(elbe Jt13paHJbacaMOM ce6H,
HOBYxpHCTOnOrHjy. AHTHceMHTH3aM xpHUlhaHCTBa rpa.n;H ce Ha TOMe UlTO
Hero lberOBO cnY)l(elbe qOBeqaHCTBY,CBeonUlTeM HOBOM 3aBeTY. Jt13paHJbHe
je OHO'Y3ypnHpano ca ca BorOM.
(00')
npeTeH3Hje Jt13paHJba'Ha HCKJbyqHBOCTlberOBor O.n;HO-
Tpe6a ce o.n;pehH o.n;npH3Halba Jt1cyca 3a MecHjy H Bora,
Tpe6a 0.n;6al.\HTH cnaCOHOCHOCTIheroBe
KpcHe )l(pTBe, Tpe6a npH3HaTH .n;a
MHcao Y3BHUleHHje Ol.\elbyje MHcHjy Jt13paHJbaHero caM HCTOpHjy Jt13paHJba BH.n;eY3BHUleHHjoM Hero caMH
nocTojH ce6e pa.n;H, He pa.n;H CBor YCKOHal.\HOHanHor TpHjYM<Pa, Hero pa.n;H CBHX: .n;OhHhe OHaj Kora CBH Hapo.n;H OqeKyjy. ( ...) 3aTO ce BH6nHja HH He MO)l(e qHTaTH Kao npOCTO Hal.\HOHanHa xpOHHKa, TOjecT jeBpejcKHM OqHMa.
je Jt1cyc npoCTo )l(HBeO y cBeTY cTap03aBeTHHx HOpMH, He OCTaBHBUlH H3a
CaMO Y3eBUlH (OTeBUlH) BH6nHjy H3 PYKY Jy.n;ejaMoryhe je CaqYBaTHnOUlTO-
ce6e HHUlTa HOBO:'JIe30B je y CBOjHMqnaHl.\HMa nonYT "HOBH 3aBeT H Xono-
Balbe qOBeqaHCTBa npeMa lbOj. XpHUlhaHH HHCYYKpanH, Hero cy CaqYBanH
KaYCT" YCTBp.n;HO.n;aje "HajBa)l(HHjH acneKT xpHUlhaHCKor aHTHceMHTH3Ma
BH6nHjy. XpHwnaHH
- npe.n;CTaBa0 pacneTOM Bory, KOjH cnacaBa CBeT o.n;nocne.n;Hl.\a rpexa.
MHoro cToJIeha, npHrymHJIH
(00.)
HHCY paCnanHJIH aHTHceMHTH3aM,
TIpOTYMaqHBUlH Jt1CYCOBY CMpT Kao HCKynHY )l(PTBY y KOCMHqKOj60p6H.n;0-
jy .n;aje MapKO AypenHje,
Hero cy ra, Ha
(no.n;BYKaOB. ,l];.). CeTHMO ce aHTHKe: 'TIpHqa-
nYTyjyhH
3a ErHnaT, npona3HO Kp03 TIaneCTHHY
6pa H3na, aYTopH eBaH~eJba o.n;BojHnH cy Jt1cyca o.n;CBaKe nOnHTHqKe pean-
H, ocehajyhH
HOCTH H npaBHX OKonHOCTH lberOBe CMpTH. TIO.n;HrHYTaHa MHTCKH HHBO,
Ma, TY)l(HO Y3BHKHYO:
o.n;BpaTHOCTnpeMa CMp.n;JbHBHMH qeCTO 6YHTyjyhHM Jy.n;ejH-
OBa npHqa je MHTOnOrH30Bana H JeBpeje': ,l];a6H ce, no JIe30BY, npeBa3HUlao
Hamao lbyge lope og Bac' (AMHjaH Mapl.\enHH, PHMCKa HCTopHja, 24, 5, 5). A
0 MacpKOMaHU,
0 KBegu, 0 CapMaiUu! Ha Kpajy CaM
"jy.n;eoq>o6CKH nOTeHl.\Hjan HOBor 3aBeTa" Tpe6a npeHcnHTaTH "CMHcaOHH,
MapKo AypenHje je - '
.n;orMaTCKHl.\eHTap XpHUlhaHCTBa':
Y .n;06aca.n;aUllbeMo.n;epa3roBapa 0 xpHUlhaHcKoM aHTHceMHTH3MYHe Tpe6a
Y KlbH3H caBpeMeHor jeBpejcKor
HCTOpHqapa M. ,l];ajMoHTa "JeBpejH,
ry6HTH H3 BH.n;a.n;BeqHlbeHHl.\e o.n;CYUlTHHCKeBa)l(HOCTH:npBO, jy.n;ejcKa .n;H-
Bor H HCTopHja" (MocKBa, 1994) 0 anocTony TIaBny ce BenH: ",l];a TIaBne )l(H-
jacnopa y TOKY BeKOBaje, H3 HeKHX pa3nora, )l(HBena caMO y xpHUlhaHCKOM
BH ca.n;a,OH 6H cBoje .n;aHe3aBpUlHo y .n;YUIeBHoj 60nHHl.\H.oo EpHecT PeHaH
H HcnaMCKOM OKpY)l(elbY. 3aUlTO JeBpejH o.n;"xpHUlhaHCKor
ra onHcyje Kao ogBpaulHol ManOI ]eBpejuHa. TIoBpeMeHo ra je Hana3Hna Ma-
HHCYn06ernH no.n;nOKpOBHTeJbCTBO'TonepaHTHor' naraHH3Ma? AKO cy XPHUlhaHH aHTHceMHTH KojH KHnTe Mp)l(lbOM - 3aUlTO o.n;lbHX He n06ehH He Ha
napHqHa rp03HHl.\a. Jt1Maoje qeCTe xanYl.\HHal.\Hje, H, no MHUlJbelbY HeKHX HayqHHKa, nOBpeMeHe Hana.n;e enHnencHje:'
A A.n;HH IIITajH3anl.\, pa6HH, y
3ana.n; o.n;TIanecnme,
yrlbeTaBalba"
Hero Ha Jt1CTOK,y Jt1H.n;HjyH KHHY? HHKaKBH CHTHH
CBOM.n;eny "Jy.n;aH3aMH xpHUlhaHcTBo" Ka)I(e: "Cne.n;6eHHl.\H JeUlya nOKa3anH
cYK06H He MOry .n;aYKnOHe qHlbeHHl.\Y: xpHUlhaHH cy JeBpejHMa nOMornH .n;a
cy ce naKoBepHHM y qy.n;eca, jep cy 6HnH HeHcKycHH y 3aKoHY. Jep H3 nepcneKTHBe jy.n;aH3MaMecHja He Mopa .n;anoce.n;yje HaTnpHpo.n;He cnoc06HOCTH .
.n;anHTYMaqelbe Y3BHUleHHje o.n;OHor Koje cy joj .n;aBanHJeBpejH. XpHUlhaHH
OH Mopa .n;aBO.n;HnopeKno H3 l.\apCKe .n;HHacTHje,l];aBH.n;OBeH .n;ajeBpejcKoM
cy cnaCHnH JeBpeje THMe UlTO cy 'BapBapHMa' HaMeTHynH nOUlTOBalbe npeMa
npe)l(HBe.
(00.)
XpHUlhaHH
cy cnaCHnH BH6nHjy H Jt13paHJbTHMe UlTO cy joj
1·· r
·226
.
jeBpejcKoj EH6JIHjH H p;aJIHHe6YKBaJIHO,HeKpBOJIOqHO3Haqelbe MHOmM IbeHHM CTHXOBHMa. EBO jyp;aHCTHqKOr KOMeHTapa Ha npBe CTHXOBeEH6JIHje
'y nOqeTKY CTBOpHEor
,,'
He60 H 3eMJbY' (llOCT. 1. 1), KOjH npHnap;ajy HajaYTOpH-
je BepCKa opraHH3aQHja "Jap; JIeaKHM" 23. MapTa 1980. CnaJIHJIa jaBHo Ha CTOTHHenpHMepaKa "HoBor 3aBeTa': TaKol)e, llIaxaK Hac nop;ceha H Ha TO Aa CBaKH JeBpejHH, BepyjyhH HlIH HeBepyjyhH,
TaTHBHHjeM TYMaqelbY Y jyp;aH3MY, TYMaqelbY PawHja: 'CBeBHWIbH je HCTOpHjy CTBapalba CBeTa CBOMHapop;y npHnOBep;ao 3aTO p;a 6H JeBpejH 3HaJIH
227
'i
HMa CBa rpal)aHcKa npaBa y
J13paellY, allH HX ry6H aKO npel)e y xpHwhaHCKY Bepy. J1Ma jow MHoro npH-~~7
Mepa TaKBe HeTpneJbHBOCTH.
KaKO p;a op;rOBope aKO HeKH Hapop; CBeTa ocnopH npaBO Hapop;y J13paHJba
lIoHaBJbaM: npaBOCJIaB:f'n XpH.whaHHH He MP3H HHKor, jep MY je lberOB
Ha 3eMJbY TOr Hapop;a, rOBopehH: 'BH CTe, HaBop;HO, oCBajaqH, KojH cy ce6H
Eor KojH je nOCTao qOBeK 3anOBep;HOJby6aB H npeMa HenpHjaTeJbHMa. Cp-
npHclojHJIH Ty1)y 3eMJbY!' JeBpejH he HM pehH: 'CBa 3eMJba npHnap;a CBeBHWIbeM. OH je CTBOpHOH p;ao je KOMe xohe. A 3aTHM je OTeo op; IbHX, Kap;
OH JeBfRje y CBOjOj HCTOpHjH HHCY p;O>KHBJbaBallHKao HenpHjaTeJbe, Hero
je CMaTpaO p;a TaKO Tpe6a H, no BOJbH CBOjOj, p;ao je HaMa' (lIeToKIbH>Kje
y CBOjOj KlbH3H 0 JeBpejHMa y Cp6HjH P;OKpaja ,!:{pyror CBeTCKor paTa Ka>Ke H C1Iep;ehe:"Y lIHpOTY je 6HJIO MHoro Cp6a KojH cy OpTa'lKH pap;HlIH ca Je-
MojcHjeBo,
HJIH Topa, Y PYCKOMnpeBoP;Y H ca KOMeHTapoM 3aCHOBaHOMHa
Kao Jbyp;e H KOMwHje C KojHMa ce p;eJIHp;06po H 3110.PeQHMO, )l{elfH JIe6JI
KJIaCHqHHM TYMaqelbHMa, pep;. X. EpaHoBap, JepycaJIHM, MocKBa 1991): (...)
BpejHMa, JIeno ce ClIaraJIH, a nopop;HQe cy HM ce nocehHBalle
KaKo he ce naraHHH, TOjecT qOBeK 3a Kora y EH6JIHjH HeMa HHqer CBeTor, op;-
Kao KPBHH CP0P;HHQH.(.oo) TproBQH lIHpohaHQH
HOCHTHnpeMa arpeCHBHOM HaQHOHaJIH3MYJ-l3paHJba? ( .•.) KaKO ce MO>KeW OP;HOCHTHnpeMa Hapop;y KojH CBe CMaTpa 3a cBoje nOTeHQHjaJIHe p060Be H
nYToBaJIH cy qeCTO 3ajep;Ho no rpap;oBHMa EaJIKaHa, op; Bawapa p;o Bawapa. 3a CBeBpeMe qysaJIH cy jep;aH p;pyror H nOMaraJIH ce Kao pol)eHa 6paha. (u.)
aKTyeJIHe HenpHjaTeJbe? Ee3 XpHCTa je CTapH 3aBeT jep;Ha op; HajcTpawHHjHx
lIocJIe BeHqalba H maBHe r036e MHom cy npaBHlIH3ace6HY
KIbHra y HCTOpHjH qOBeqaHCTBa. (.u) J1 p;pyra KJbyqHa qHlbeHHQa H3 HCTO-
npHjaTeJbe TYPKe H JeBpeje. (•..) To ce 'IHHHJIO jep TypQH HHCY nHJIH allKOXOJIHanHha, a OCHMTora HH TYPQH, HH JeBpejH, HHCYjeJIH CBHIbCKOMeco,
pHje xpHwhaHcKo-jeBpejcKHX
op;Hoca: jep;Ha op; npBHX TeMa xpHwhaHCKor
60rOCJIOBJbaje 3aWTHTa J13paHJba. 'QpKBa EO>Kja, H36eraBajyhH
KpajHocTH
H jep;HHX H p;pyrHX (jyp;eja H rHOCTHqapa) Hp;ecpep;IbHM nYTeM H He npHcTaje
H nOWTOBaJIe
6e3 063Hpa Ha Hapop;HocT
Beqepy 3a c:Boje
Koje je 6HlIO maBHa r036a Ha cpncKHM Tpne3aMa:' Y pOMaHY "Ha ,!:{PHHH hynpHja"
BHP;H ce KaKO cy Cp6H YMeJIH p;a ce
p;a ce nOKopH japMY CTap03aBeTHOr 3aKOHa, H He p;onywTa,!:{A CE HA IhEfA
cJIa>KYH ca MYCJIHMaHHMa,H ca pHMOKaTOllHQHMa, H ca JeBpejHMa. YonwTe,
XYJIJ1 - jep je OHy cBoje BpeMe 6HO KopHCTaH' (CB. JOBaH3JIaTOYCTH,llIecT
KaKO 3ana>Ka ce$apP;cKH pa6HH pOP;OMH3 CapajeBa, ElIHe3ep lIano,
KIbHra 0 cBewTeHCTBY). )J;OB07bHOje ceTHTH ce H3pyrHBalba KeJIca H JYJIHja-
CHH je y TO p;06a 6HJIa y ynoTpe6H
Ha, P;HBJbHXHcna,p;arH~Cl'Hqapa Hapa'l}'H ctap03aBeTHe HCTopHje H peJIHmje - H oneT he nOCTltTH jacHo p;aje QPKBa YKnoHHJIa npeTlbY J13paHJbY. (oo.)
Bjepe': To jecT, OH je HHoBepaQ - Bepy MY He XBaJIHM, jep CBojy HcnOBep;aM
XpHwhaHH,
Y3rpep;, BHp;e MoryhHocT CBeTJIeH CTBapaJIaqKe 6yp;yhHocTH 3a
. J13paHJb Kao Hapop;. AKO J13paHJb jep;HoM npHMH CBor XpHCTa, OH he oueUl 6UUlU up8eHa~ lby6a8u BO:H!je."
Kao HCTHHHTY H cnaCOHOCHY,allH BHP;HMp;a je p;06ap qOBeK, BHP;HMnJIeMeHHTOCT.r\ywe lberOBe, H TO npH3HajeM. To 3HaqH H3pa3: "AJIall TH Bepa!" To jecT: "HeKa TH je EorOM npocTa TBoja (3a MeHe norpewHa) nocTynaK
KypajeB npHMehyje p;a ce HaQH3aM y HeMaqKoj nojaBHo Kap;je HeMaqKO XpHwhaHcTBo
6HJIO nOTKonaHO HeonaraHH3MOM - op; OKYJITHHXP;PYWTaBa,
y Eo-
H3peKa ",!:{06ap qOBjeK, He XBallehH MY
Bepa, aJIH TH je
3a cBaKY nOXBaJIY!"
TaKaB je CTaB npaBOCJIaBHHX. Ja CBojy Bepy .r\O>KHBJbaBaMKao EorOM OTKpHBeHY (Koja MH HHje nOBOp;p;a ce npeY3HOCHM, Hero p;a ce 60jHM - jep
nonYT "TYlle': p;o p;apBHHHCTHqKHX H eyreHHqKHX Hp;eja; H Taj HaQHCTHqKH
aKO no Iboj He >KHBHMHa CTpawHOM cYP;yhy npohH rope op; OHHXKOjH 3a TY
pacH3aM HHje HMao Be3e ca xpHwhaHCTBOM, Hero je 6HO naraHCKH. XHTlIep
Bepy HHCY3HallH). AJIH, EO>KjHJIHK H EO>Kjep;06po BHP;HMy CBaKOM'IOBeKY H CBaKOM>KeJIHMOHOWTO H ce6H. AKO MHClIHM p;pyraqHje, rpex MH je, H Kao
je npBO XTeo p;a ce 06paq}'Ha C JeBpejHMa, na ca XpHwhaHHMa. CBaKH peJIHrH03HO nHCMeH qOBeK CXBaTa p;a XpHwhaHHH MP3H JeBpejHHa. AJIH, XpHwhaHHH lIPE3PJ1B, llIaxaK,
He MO>Kep;a
3Ha p;aje jyp;aH3aM, y Haj60JbeM CJIyqajy,
a y HajropeM - AfPECJ1BAH
npeMa xpHwhaHCTBY. ,!:{p J13paeJI
rpex Tpe6a p;a ce nOKaje H HcnOBep;H. Cp6HH ce Tora yseK p;p>Kao,P;OKje 6HO lIPABOCJIABHJ1 Cp6HH. TaKaB je 6HO H CBeTH HHKOJIaj Cp6CKH: Morao je p;a He BOllH TaJIMYP;CKHjyp;aH3aM Kao aHTHxpHwhaHCKH, allH je 6HO cnpeMaH
jeBpejcKH pop;OJby6 H 60paQ 3a Jbyp;CKanpaBa, KojH je npe>KHBeO
p;a cnace EJIY HajxaY3 H lbeHY MajKY. 3aTO nOHaBJbaM: Cp6HH HHje Mp3HTeJb
JIorop 3a BpeMe ,!:{pyror CBeTCKor paTa, y CBojoj CTYP;HjH0 Op;HOCYJ13paHJba
HHjep;Hor Hapop;a, aKO MY ce p;onYCTH p;a ce pa3BHja nop; 6JIarOTBOpHHM YTH-
npeMa HejeBpejHMa, Ka>Ke:"J1 caMO HMe Heye 3a JeBpeje je CHM60JI rHYCO-
QajeM cBoje Bepe H CBor 3aBeTa, CBeTocaBCKor H CBeTOJIa3apeBCKor.
6e, a OBa Tpap;HQHja jow onCTaje y Hapop;y:' llIaxaK
HaBop;H H clIyqaj Kap;a
228
229
BJIaAHKa HHKOJIaj H IDapJI Mopac
)J;aKJIe,rrpHqa 0 CJIHqHOCTHBJIa):\HKeHHKOJIaja H IIIapJIa Mopaca je aaCHOBaHa HJIH Ha rrorpellIHHM
paHU;YCKH):\eCHH'Iap H rrOJIHTHqKH MHCJIHJIau;IIIapJI Mopac, aa BpeMe )J;pyror CBeTCKOrpaTa HallIao Y CJIY)I(6H oKyrraTopcKor
KOjH ce pe)l(HMa,
rrpeMHcaMa HJIH Ha 3JIOHaMepHHM TBp):\lbaMa
nOJIy06pa30BaHHX rrpe,o;cTaBHHKa "rpal)aHcKHx KpyroBa': XTeJIH ):\a Hal)y Beay HHKOJIaja H q,allIHaMa. HH MopacoBa
KOjH 6H CBaKaKO rraraHCKa TeOJIO-
6Ho.je - rraraHHH. MOHapXHCTa H rrpOTHBHHK H):\eja paHU;YCKepeBOJIYU;H-
WKa ,o;oKTpHHa,HH lberOB rraraHCKH MOHapxH3aM, HeMajy Beae ca HHKOJIaje-
je, OH je HCTOBpeMeHOCMaTpao ):\a cy CTapH H HOBH 3aBeT y 6HTH jeBpej~
BOM BepoM y Eora )l(HBora
CKa 06MaHa: "JeBpejHH, MOHOTeHCTaH Bol)eH rrpopOU;HMa, rrOCTaOje areHT
nope,o;aK.Kpalba Kao )J;oMahHHa, Koje je HaCJIe,o;HO 0):\cBOjHX Cp6CKHX rrpaBocnaBHHX rrpe,o;aKa.
peBOJIYU;Hje:' fIoHaBlbajyhH
):\aje MOHOTeHaaM rrpOTHBrrpHpo):\aH, Mopac je
H MCTHHHTora H xpHlllhaHcKHM
BepoBalbeM y
KpHTHKOBao jeBpejcKH rrpoq,eTHaaM a60r HacpTaja Ha opraHCKH ):\pyrnTBeHH rrope):\aK. Harra):\ao je MOHOTeHaaM H a60r KOHu;errTa HH):\HBH,o;yaJIHeCJI060):\e. fIa,o;oM rraraHH3Ma, lby,o;CKa6Hha cy o,o;BojeHa 0):\ rrpHpo,o;e, a caMHM THM
CBeTH HHKOJIaj H XHTJIep 0 CTapOM 3aBeTY
H 0):\ opraHCKor ):\pyrnTBa 3a Koje ce Mopac 60pHO. P06epT KaCHlbO, KOjH je HayqaBao q,aCU;HHaU;Hjyq,allIHaMOM y
):\eJIY
Eape fIayu):\a, 0 Mopacy je aa6e-
Y "HHKpHMHHHcaHoj"
KIbHaH CBeTor HHKOJIaja Cp6cKor,
"PeqH cprr-
JIe)l(HO: "Kao UlTOje Mopac CMaTpao, MOHOTeH3aM,rrpHXBaTajyhH TpaHcu;eH-
CKOMHapo):\y Kpoa TaMHHqKH rrp030p':
):\eHTHH arrCOJIYTKao rro):\je,o;HaKOBpe):\aH 3a CBe lby):\e, HacTojH ):\a YHHllITH
OTKpHBelba EO)l(jer y KOjOj cy ):\aTH Haj):\y6lbH YBH):\H He caMO 0 cy):\6HHH
'JIerrOTy' ):\pyrnTBa H rrpHpO):\He 'Heje):\HaKOCTH'.qaK H aKO ,o;pyrnTBeHe Heje,o;HaKOCTHrrocToje, MOHOTeHaaM):\eMOKpaTHayje ,o;YXOBHY06JIaCT H TaKO CMa-
ApeBHor M3paHlba, Hero H 0 cy):\6HHH Her):\a xpHlllhaHCKe
CTapH 3aBeT je cXBaheH Kao KIbHra EBporre, Kao H
Cp6Hje. UHTHpajyhH CTapoaaBeTHe rrpopOKe, rrorrYT JepeMHje (Jep. 2,13), HH-
Ibyje paaJIHKe H3Mel)y lbY):\H.3aTO je Mopac y jeBpejcKoM MOHOTeHaMYBH):\eo
Konaj Y3BHKyje: "CBeTO fIHcMo je HerrorpelllHo.
Kpajlber HerrpHjaTelba XHjepapxHje H KOHaqHH HaBOp JIH6epaJIHaMa:' EpHCT
ra. Y CBeTOM fIHCMY 06jallllbeHa je cy):\6a CBaKor qOBeKaH CBHXHapo):\a. CBa-
HOJITe aarra)l(a ):\aje MopaCOBO rrOllITOBalbe rrpeMa pHMOKaTOJIHU;HaMYrroTHu;aJIOHa lberOBor YBepelba ,o;aje OBa KOHq,ecHja HexpHllIhaHCKa aaTO llITO
Ka peq EO)l(ja y TOj cBeToj KlbH3H Ha):\KIbHraMa jecTe HCTOBpeMeHOOTKpHhe
je "Heyrrope):\HBO peMeK-):\eJIO rraraHCKe H CBeTOBHeMy,o;pOCTHKoja rrYTeM
HH je,o;HYje):\HHY peq CBeTora fIHcMa. CBa eBporrCKa HaYKa HHje y CTalbY aa-
xHjepapXHjcKor
MeHHTH HH je):\HYje):\HHYaarrOBeCT focrro):\IbY:' KacHHje, rrope):\ehH HCTOpHjy
CHCTeMarrocpe):\HHKa U;PKBYqHHH rnaCHorOBopHHKOM qOBe-
Ka, o):\cTpalbyjyhH TaKO Ou;a H CHHa". fIpoTecTaHTH3aMje llITO je jeBpejcKH rro rrpHpo):\H.
KpHTHKoBao aaTO
JacHo je ):\a ce H PHMOKaTOJIHqKa u;pKBa MOpaJIa orpa):\HTH 0,0;TaKBor
To je YCTaBBaCHOHCKH0):\Eo-
HCTHHe H rrYTOKaa Y)l(HBOTY. CBa Mo):\epHa U;HBHJIHaaU;HjaHHje rroKone6aJIa
J1spaHlba H HCTOpHjy Cp6Hje, HHKOJIaj rrOHaBlba: ,,3aTO BaM Ka)l(eM: qHTajTe CBeTO fIHCMo, ):\a6H paaYMeJIH HCTOpHjy cprrCKY. qHTajTe EH6JIHjy, ):\a6H Ha MpaqHOM rrYTY Cy,o;6Hlby,o;CKHXHManH cBehy y pYKaMa:'
"arrOJIOreTe': fO):\HHe 1926, Kap,o;HHaJIAH):\pHje, rro 0):\06pe1bY rrarre fIHja XI, rrHcao je: "BoI)H AKCHOH paHcea (MopacoBa opraHH3aU;Hja, Harr. B. )J;.) 6a-
pOK MojcHje:
BHJIH cy ce U;pKBOM.KaKBY H,o;ejyHMajy 0 1b0j? OHH 0):\6Hjajy CBe,o;orMe Koje
TH Hapo):\H 0):\ Eora o):\cTyrre. 3a HHKOJIaja, cTap03aBeTHH rrpopoK
u;pKBa yqH H rrporroBe):\a. UpKBa yqH rrocTojalbe Eora, a OHH TO rrOpHqy, jep
"je):\aH je 0,0;HajBehHx rrpopoKa y HCTopHjJ1 po):\a lbY):\CKor"; 3a HHKonaja, fo-
cyaTeHCTH. UpKBa rrporrOBe):\a 60)l(aHCTBO Mcyca XpHCTa, a OHH TO o,o;pHqy,
crro):\ CTapor 3aBeTa je Eor CBeMoryhH,
jep cyaHTHxpHllIhaHH.
TOKYqeTp):\eceT rO):\HHay ErHrrTY H y rrycTHIbH Ha OqH Hapo):\a H3paHlbcKor";
UpKBa rrporrOBe):\a,o;aje IbY OCHOBaocaM Mcyc XPH-
3a HHKOl1aja, HajBehH Cp6HH je CBeTH CaBa, 'a HajBehH JeBpejHH rrpoJ1je):\aH H ):\pyrH cy TY)l(HOU;HcBojHX Hapo,o;a rrpe):\ EoroM Ka):\ McaHja
KOjH je "xHlba):\e qy,o;eca rrOKa3ao y
CTOC,Eor H qOBeK, a OHH rrOpHqy lbeHY 60)l(aHCKY YCTaHOBY,jep cy aHTHKa-
3a HHKOJIaja, TBopau; je ,o;aoKlbyqeBe cy):\6HHa lbY):\HH Hapo):\a "rrpeKo CBO-
TOJIHU;H... Mopac H Bol)H AKCHOH paHce3 cy KaTOJIHU;HH3 paqYHa, a He rro y6el)eIbY· OHH ce CJIY)l(eUPKBOM, a He CJIY)l(eUPKBH:'
jHX rrpopoKa H yro):\HHKa CTapora H HOBora 3aBeTa"; 3a HHKOJIaja, M3paHlb
BJIa):\HMHp CTaKHh, aYTOp rroaHaTe rrpe):\paTHe MOHorpaq,Hje "MOHapXHCTHqKa ):\OKTpHHaIIIapJIa Mopaca': BeJIH: "MopaCOB KaTOJIHU;H3aMje PHMCKH, aJIH He jeBaHl)eJICKH, arrOCTOJICKH.MaMel)y Mopaca H UpKBe MO)l(e rrocTojaTH caMO je):\aH modus vivendi,
aJIH HHKa):\a HHTHMHa capa,o;lba:'
je y ):\06a MojcHjeBo
6HO EO)l(je H36palbe, jep, KaKO OHKa)l(e, "Eor He H3a6pa
KYJITypHe PHMlbaHe, HH rrpeCHTe ErHrrhaHe,
HH YMeTHHqKe JeJIHHe, HHTH
My,o;pe MH):\Hju;e ,o;aMY 6y,o;y u3a6paHU MecujaHcKu Hapog (rrO):\BYKao B.
,D;),
Hero H3a6pa p060Be jeBpejcKe"; je):\HoM peqjy, 3a HHKonaja CTapH 3aBeT je, Kao H HOBH, KIbHra EO)l(jer oTKpHBelba H cy,o;a,a cTap03aBeTHH JeBpejH cy H3a6paHH Hapo):\ EO)l(HjH. ,;
230
231 A 3a XHTJIepa?
HHKOJIajeBe BepHocTH MecHjH CTapor H HOBor 3aBeTa? HHKOJIajeB OCHOB-
XHTJIepOB }"IHTeJb, OKYJITHCTaAHTpHX EKapT, 06jaBHo je 1924. rOAHHe KIbH)I{HQY "BOJblIIeBH3aM OA MojcHja
AO JIelbHHa - Pa3rOBOp H3Meijy
HH CTaBje: Cp6H cy, Kao H CBHHapoAH KojH cy npHXBaTHJIH Mcyca H3 Ha3apeTa, HOBH M3paHJb, KOjH 6alIITHHH CBelliTeHO HaCJIeije ApeBHor M3paHJba;
AAOJI<pa XHTJIepa H MeHe': 3a XHTJIepa, CTapH 3aBeT je KIbHra Koja BOAH JIeIbHHY, H Y KOjOj ce onHcyjy JeBpejH Kao nOp06JbHBaqH qOBeqaHCTBa. XH-
CJIaBHHX, UpKBe BO)l{je, qHjH CMHcao HHje y rocnOAapelbY
TJIep nOKa3yje EKapTY CTapH 3aBeT, H Ka)l{e: "EBO, eBO peQenTa no KOMe
CJIY)l{elbY CBHM HapOAHMa (ceTHMO ce AocTojeBcKoBor
JeBpejH yseK npHnpeMajy
H pYCKor - npaBOCJIaBHOr - CXBaTalba CBeqOBelliTBa Kao CJIY)l{elba CBHMa y
n06HO npBopoijeHe
CBojy naKJIeHY qop6Y:' 110 XHTJIepy, HHje focnoA
HO, OqHTO je Aa HeKHMa CMeTa OBOOTKpHBelbe 0 60rOH3a6paHOCTH npaBOCBeTOM, Hero y
rOBopa 0 I1YlIIKHHY
y ErHnTY, Hero cy TO }"IHHHJIH caMH JeBpejH, YApY)l{eHH
HAelbY 3a XpHCTOM). KaKO Ka)l{e AHApej KypajeB: "CaAa HeKH jeBpejcKH ny-
ca JIOKaJIHHMOJIOllieM. "fJIaBHa xYJba" Y ErHnTY je 6HO "qeAHH JOCH
6JIHQHCTHTpa)l{e Aa xpHlIIhaHCKH HapOAH, KajyhH ce 3a 3JIOqHHe naraHCKor HeMaqKOr HaQH3Ma, YCBoje nOfJIeA Ha M3paHJb Kao Ha HapOA KojH, Kao H
HeMaqKH }"IHTeJbH nJIaqy qHTajyhH Ae1.(HnpHqy 0 JOCH
npe, anCOJIYTHOYHHKaJIHOqYBa CBOjy 60rOH3a6paHOCT. qYAaH je TO HaqHH
EKapTY, "MpaqHO fJIeAaO KIbHry Mp)l{lbe" (CTapH 3aBeT). BYAyhH
Aa ce 60pHlII npoTHB HaQHOHaJIH3Ma - HaMehyhH CBOj HaQHoHaJIH3aM."
Ha3HBa "onceAHYTHM':
jep Ka)l{e Aa ce "focnOA
pa3rHeBHO Ha CBe HapOAe
(HejeBpeje); 3aTpehe HX, npeAahe HX Ha nOKOJb" (Me. 34, 2, 9, 12), H AOAaje: "M3Meijy McaHje H Mcyca HaBHHa npOlIIJIe cy CTOTHHerOAHHa, HO 3a CBe TO BpeMe naKJIeHa Mp)l{lba JeBpeja npeMa HejeBpejcKHM BJIaAapHMa HHje ce 3a TpynKY npOMeHHJIa:' 3a
3Ha Aa je 3a Ibera JOCH
I1paBeAHH CJIHKaqeAHOCTH H qHCTOTe H npaCJIHKa focnoAa Mcyca XpHcTa; 3Ha Aa je 3a Ibera Mcyc HaBHH BeJIHKH cJIyra BO)l{jH, KOjH je YBeo HapoA y 3eMJbY 06ehaHY
H 360r qHje Bepe je Bor 3aycTaBHo cynQe, Aa 6H M3paHJb
y 60p6H n06eAHo (nOfJIeAajMo JIHK HaBHHoB y HHKOJIajeBoj KlbH3H "PaT H BH6JIHja"); 3Ha Aa MY je McaHja "cTap03aBeTHH eBaHijeJIHCT': a anOCTOJIl1aBJIe "ycTa XpHCTOBa': qYAecHH TajHHK BOrOqOBeKoB. 3aTo je 3aHCTa cpaMHo AOBOAHTHXHTJIepOBY naraHcKY aHTHjeBpejcKY Mp)l{lbY y Be3Y ca HHKOJIajeBOM xpHlIIhaHCKOM KpHTHKOM jYAaH3Ma 3aCHOBaHor Ha oA6aQHBalbY XPHCTa Kao Bora. 3ap 360r XHTJIepOBOr naraHH3Ma Cp6H Tpe6a Aa ce oApeKHY
232
233
ITHCMO je.ll;He JeBpejKe
OP;fOBOPJ1 IIPEp;PAfY J1JIJ11iY
KAKO JE CBETM HMKOJIAJ CPITCKM CITACABAO JEBPEJE*
o nponYCTHMa
HHKOJIajeBHx
6Horpaa
"CpnCKa IlpaBOClIaBHa U;pKBa, CBeTH CHHOP;,Beorpap; CKOpO he ce HaBpllIHTH llIe3p;eceT rop;HHa op; Kpaja ,lJ;pyror CBeTCKor
Bpllo qeCTO cy Cp6H He036HJbHH H nOBpllIHH,
a BpllO
qeCTO HM ce TO
paTa, HajBehe Tparep;Hje Y HCTOpHjH jeBpejcKor, cpncKor H pOMcKor Hapop;a,
o6Hje 0 rJIaBY. TaKo je 6HlIO H Y clIyqajy nojep;HHHx 6Horpa<pa H arHorpa<pa
KOjH cy npeTpnellH p;o Tap;a He3a6elle)l(eHa cTpap;alba, nporoHcTBa H Myqelba.
CBeTor HHKollaja
IloclIe
H3BopHMa, nHcallO ce 0 HHKollajy,
TOllHKO nppTeKlIHx
rop;HHa BlIap;a HeMaqKe Tpa)l(H op; npe)l(HBellHX
H3 XOlloKaycTa p;OKa3e 0 TOMe KaKO cy npe)l(HBellH paT, a Y QHJbYOCTBapHBalba neH3Hje. MeHH je 73 rop;HHe H jep;HHH caM npe)l(HBellH qllaH nopop;HQe Hojxayc. Moj OTaQ AlIeKcaHp;ap Hojxayc,
no 3aHHMalbY P;OKTOpcToMaTollorHje,
ce rpellIHlIo.
)l(HqKor.
Be3 npoBepaBalba
nop;aTaKa, 6e3 cYOqaBalba ca
na ce H rpellIHlIo.
,lJ;06poHaMepHO, allH
PeQHMo, TBpP;HlIO ce p;aje p;Be rop;HHe npoBeo y ,lJ;axay,HaKO je
peq 0 p;Ba MeceQa. J1cTopHorpa
)l(HBeO je npe paTa y TpcTeHHKY. OH je 6HO BellHKH npHjaTeJb H no6paTHM
HHX nop;aTaKa 0 HHKollajeBoM
ca BlIap;HKoM P;OKTOpOMHHKollajeM BellHMHpoBHheM. Kap;a je H36HO paT, noclIe Kpaher BpeMeHa, BlIap;HKa je OQYHapep;HOp;a 6e)l(H H cnacaBa )l(HBOT,
HHQHMa HOBor 311aTOYCTap;a onTY)l(e U;PKBY 3a MHCTH
a Hac Kao lberOBY nopop;HQY - Mojy MajKY MaprHTY H MeHe lberOBY KhepKY
CTpap;albY op; HaQHCTa oMoryhHlIO je KlIeBeT-
TBOpCTBO.HapaBHO, HMa H06jeKTHBHHX pa3110ra 3a OBaKBY Heonpe3HOCT: cehalba Ha HHKollaja H apXHBCKa rpal)a HaQHCTHqKOr oKynaTopa 0 lbeMY
ElIY - je 36pHHYO TaKO llITO je peCKHpao H conCTBeHH )l(HBOT. Cnacao Hac je
6HlIH cy Heop;cTynHH y p;06a THTOBe CTpaxoBlIap;e; Ha HHKollaja
TaKO llITO je MajKY 06YKao Y MOHalliKY op;opy, a MeHe CTpnao Y I,IaK. MajKa
TOllHKO Mp)l(lbe H lIa)1(H p;a cy lberOBH nOlliTOBaOQH CHajBehoM MYKOMMopa-
ce H311HlIO
H OH cY cellH Y
lIH p;a npHcTynajy HCTpa)l(HBaIbHMa. lJHM ce MallO clI060p;e oceTHlIO y Ba3P;YXYTHTOBe JyroclIaBHje, KpeHYlla
I,IaKa, OP;HOCHOMeHe, p;a 6H 6HlIO llITO Malbe CYMIbHBO. IlpOllilIH CMOKp03 HeMaqKH 06pyq oKynHpaHor rpap;a H TOM npHlIHKOM npe)l(HBellH BellHKH
je 60p6a p;a ce lberoBoj lIHqHOCTH H p;ellY p;a npaBO MeCTOy Cp6CKOj U;pKBH
CTpax H CTpec CBe P;OK HHCMO CTHrJIH Y MaHaCTHp Jby60CTHIbY. Ty Hac je
H Cp6CKOj KYllTypH. fpelliKe y Tap;allIlbHM 6Horpa
BlIap;HKa npep;ao J1ryMaHHjH no HMeHY BapBapa, Koja je HMalla npaTIbY, jep je 6HlIa clIena.
pa3YMeTH. AlIH, Baj<popp; H p;pyrH KJIeBeTHHQH cy C nYHHM npaBOM YOqHlIH
Y MaHaCTHpy Jby60CTHlbH OCTallH CMO 18 MeceQH; y TO BpeMe BlIap;HKa je>Ha6aBHO <pallCH
p;a cy ce TaKBH npoMallIajH
jaBJballH H nOqeTKOM Tpeher MHlIeHHjYMa, Kap;a
cy 6HlIH Hep;onYCTHBH. Y Hep;aBHOMpa3rOBOpy Cjep;HHM pHMOKaTOllHqKHM HCTpa)l(HBaqeM HHKOllajelKKor p;ella, KOjH je nOTnHCHHK OBHXpep;OBa HMao, P;OTHqHHje YOqHO p;a Hep;ocTaje He caMO KPHTHqKO H3p;albe HHKollajeBHx WTO je HHKollaj
p;ella, H HHp;eKCOHora
HanHcao, Hero H jep;Ha 036HJbHa 6Horpa
30BeMO "HajBehHM Cp6HHOM noclIe CBeTor CaBe': Ha)l(allOCT, HH Cp6CKa U;pKBa (OCHMqaCHHX H3Y3eTaKa), HH p;p)l(aBa Cp6Hja, HHcyyqHHHlIe p;ace HHKollajeBoM
MHoro
p;ellY npHcTynH C036HJbHOllihy KaKBY TO p;ello 3aClIY)l(Y-
je. HeMaMO (a MopallH 6HCMOHMaTH) HayqHH HHCTHTYTnocBeheH CTBapallaElla TpH
11070 HOBH Beorpap;, JypHja farapHHa 102/13. 17. 10.2001:'
>II
)Kl1qKI1 6narOBeCHI1K, cpe6pyap
2003, CTp. 50-51.
llITBY ,,)I(HqKOr 311aTOYCTa':KIbHre Koje ce nHllIY C QHJbeMp;HCKpep;HTaQHje H ,;p;eMHTOJIOrH3aQHje" HHKollajeBe CBeTOCTHjecy 3AXTEB p;a ce 036HJbHO cYOqHMO C HHKollajeBHM )l(HBOTOMH cTBapallalliTBoM.
235
234
Jom je~aH "~eMHCTHclJHKaTop)) ,Up npe,l\par ,Uaxaya
/ MHT
HHKOJIaja
J1mth,
BeJIHMHpOBHha
HeoKoMYHHCTHliKOM ,Upyror
nHcaQ
"CpnCKa
CBeTCKor
y ,Uaxay"
paTa.
OCHoBHe
cBoje
nOCTaBKe
CY,l\6HHH naTpHjapxa
MeI)YTHM,
,Uaxay
nOKa3yjy
qHlbeHHQe,
lIHjH
cy pe3YJITaTH
HHCY 6HJIH 3aTOlleHH KaKO TBp,l\e 6POjHH
cTBapaH
H enHCKona
- HaBO,l\H npoecop
cJIe,l\ehe.
y,Uaxayy
npBHX
BHh ,l\o,l\aje: "Pe3YJITaTH
HCTpa)l(HBalba
nJIaHHpaO
,l\a HX npe6aQH
nella
lUeoBe HaQHCTHliKe
y CBojoj
H3 ,Uaxaya
H ,l\a 6JIarOCHJbajy
QHje - onHcyje
,l\p J1JIHh. - Kpaj
y aYCTpHjCKOM
pelUeILe,
npHMepe1la
nOJIHQHje
je Hajnpe KO,l\ nella,
CCCP-a
y ,Uaxayy
3aTBopeHHKa'.
He-
noce6HO
3a Koje ce C
aBHjaQHje.
QPKBe y ,Uaxay je,
KOjH cy OHH HMaJIH 3a
- HaBO,l\H ayTOp. nJIaHOBHMa
H THTOBHX napTH3aHa,
HHCY 6HJIH MyqeHH HanpoTHB.
O,l\BojeHoM
- Y CKJIa,l\y
3a IbHXOBO aHranaTpHjapx
H MaJITpeTHpaHH
J1MaJIH cy CTaTYC TaKO-
nHJIH cy CMelUTeHH y 06jeKTY
H ,l\pyrHM
HCTpa)l(HBalba
360r
,l\OK ce 3a IbHXOBO HHTepHH-
H ,l\HnJIOMaTHje
npoTHB
HHKOJIaj
nOJIHTHliKHM
JIoropa,
CpnCKe
3Hallajy
O,l\HOCHO ca HaQHCTHliKHM 60p6H
HJIH UpBe-
BHHepBaJI,l\,
3BaHOM 'nYH-
,l\eJIY, HaMelbeHOM
yrJIe,l\HHM
BHCOKHM JIHlIHOCTHMa.
nOKa3yjy,
3aTHM, ,l\a cy JIH,l\epH CpncKe
nOCJIaTH y je,l\HO TypHCTHlIKo-6albcKo
MeCTO Ha 06aJIH
JbOTHheBcKe
,Upyror
rpa,l\Hhy
H lIeTHHlIKe
CBeTCKor paTa ,l\OlleKaJIH cy y XOTeJIY
cBoje KIbHre,
y,Uaxayy,
H QPKBeHHX H CBeTOBHHX KpyroBa YMHQa H MHCTHHKaQHja
CIlU,
oTnopa
TaKol)e
6YHKepa" Tpyne.
y paHQYCKoj, HeMaliKHM
1945.
KpajeM
HH Ibera,
npOnaraH,l\HOM
y)l(HBaJIH,
H 6HcKyn
H3 IlOJbCKe,
6YHKepy~
Kao H raBpHJIO
nOCJIe paTa rOBopHO
CHMnaTHje
npeMa
6Hh, KojH je, nOCJIe paTa, HanYCTHO CBellITeHHlIKH
lIJIaH KIlJ
H CJIY)l(6eHHK
jepol)aKoH
CTeBaH CTaKHh,
Ibe J1JIHh H ,l\pyre,
KH)I(,l\06paHCKH,
J13BplUHor
pa,l\HHK"
CBelUTeHHQHMa
Cp6CKHM
enHCKonHMa,
BJIa,l\HKe HeMHJIOCp,l\HO y6HjaJIH
je3epa
aHHKHja),
a 3aTOlieHe
BojBO,l\HHe;
nOCTaO
TaKaB je 6HBlUH
onpe,l\eJIHO
,l\a 6Y,l\e ",l\py-
npe,l\Y3eha;
nOMH-
penpe3eHTaTHBHH.
cJIyra
THToBor
pe)l(HMa,
HaM je, no-
HCTHHY: HaQHCTH cy, y CBOM O,l\HOCY npeMa
6HJIH 60JbH O,l\ KOMYHHCTa.
QPKBe
CIlU
TaKaB je BeJbKO na-
H ,l\HpeKTOp KOMYHHCTHlIKHX
nOJIHQHjcKH
,l\a ce HHKOJIaj
"YMPO O,l\ fJIa,l\H".
n03HB H YIUao YllHHOBHHlI-
KOjH ce, Kao lIJIaH KIlJ,
Cpe,l\HO, OTKpHO je,l\HY CTpalUHY
(,l\aKJIe,
KOjH je, nOCJIe ,Uaxaya,
Beha AIl
aJIH OBH cy MY noce6Ho
J1JIHh, ,l\yrorO,l\HIUIbH
aMepHliKe
- TO 6H 6HJIO, Y
J1JIHh TBp,l\H ,l\a cy ce y no-
KOjH cy ce HalUJIH y ,Uaxay jep cy nOCTaJIH napTH3aHH.
KY CJIY)l(6y; TaKaB je MHJIaH
"nOliaCHor
ca Ka3aHa CC-oBaQa
a HHalie 6H naTpHjapx
HCKa3yje
je
AJIH, TO OllHTO HHje HCTHHa, jep naTpH-
raBpHJIO je JOBaHY BeJIHMHpoBHhy
KlbH3H
K03aJI,
HH OH HHje
r,l\e cy ra OCJI060,l\HJIe
H raBpHJIO XpaHHJIH
HeKaKO CHaJIa3HO 3a 60JbY xpaHY,
MHXaJI
H HHKOJIaj;
HaQHCTH HHCY y6HJIH
,l\OK cy OCTaJIH fJIa,l\OBaJIH).
6HCKY-
rO,l\HHe. (IlHKe
je, Kao H OCTaJIH 3aTOlleHHQH
y JY)l(HH THpOJI,
HHKOJIaj
1943.
YMPO
CMHCJIY, KOHTpanpo,l\YKTHBHO.)
IUTBeHOnOJIHTHliKH
JIHlIHOCTH
lIHje je CBelUTeHCTBO capal)HBaJIO
3JIOCTaBJbalbeM,
Kao HH HHMeJIepa,
J1JIHh y CBojoj
H
6POjHHX He,l\O-
Hero H ,l\Ba pHMOKaTOJIHlIKa
IlHKe,
H 3JIOCTaBJbaH, a npe6alleH
lIaCHOM 6YHKepy
japx
ra6pHjeJI
6HO y "nOliaCHOM
6aTHHaH
raBpHJIa
,Uaxay HHCY 6HJIH caMO BHCOKH ,l\OCTO-
raBpHJIO H HHKOJIaj,
KOjH je, HCQpnJbeH
H Ha MOTHBe
naTpHjapxa
OKO Tor 3aTOlleHHIUTBa:'
na - paHQY3, Ha,l\6HcKyn C nOKpeTOM
,l\p J1JIHh YKa3yje
3a HaCTaHaK H O,l\p)l(aBalbe
J1JIHh HaM je YKa3ao ,l\a Y JIoropy jaHcTBeHHQH
,l\a
BojHe opMa-
KHQ6HJIY.
pa3MaTpalbHMa
HHKOJIaja
H ,l\pyrHM
H AYCTpHjH
Kao H Ha O,l\rOBOpHOCT noje,l\HHHX
YCKOKO-
reCTano
YAPY)l(eHe
lboTHheM
BO,l\HJIH no CJIOBeHHjH
eOHCKona
Myqe-
cTpaxoBalba
napTH3aHa
3aje,l\HO ca ,UHMHTpHjeM
KBHHCJIHH3HMa,
Moj
H OKOJIHHe y TO BpeMe. 3aTo ce O,l\JIyqHO ,l\a
npHBpeMeHO
Kep', O,l\HOCHO y lberOBOM
AYTOpoBa
06HI)y
XOTeJIHMa.
cy HX HeMQH,
cpncKHM
,l\BOHnOMeceliHor
MHTa 0 3aTOlleHHllITBY
,l\a cy OHH TaMO 360r
H IlaHlieBY.
O,l\MapaJIHIUTe
BehHHa lberOBHX JIOrOpallia.
3BaHHX 'noliacHHx
QPKBeHHM,
O,l\ cTpaHe
BeJIHKo,l\oCTojHltKa
He Hal)e 60Jba JIOKaQHja,
raBpHJIO H enHCKon
H36efJIHM
IlocJIe
r,l\e cy Hape,l\Ha ,l\Ba H no MeceQa
KojH cy YTHQaJIH Ha cTBapalbe
HHKOJIaj
3aropKa
,l\a Hehe 6HTH MeCTa caBe3HHlIKe
,l\BojHQe
,l\aKJIe, 6HJIO H3Hyl)eHo,
Kao orpOMHa
KO,l\ IlaHlieBa,
CMeCTH y HeKOM O,l\ KOHQeHTpaQHOHHX
- Ilpe6aQHBalbe
)l(OBalbe
- KacHHje
lIHlbeHHQaMa.
,l\a TO He6H 6HJIO ,l\OBOJbHO 6e36e,l\HO,
npeTnOCTaBJbaJIO
ca THM 3HallajeM,
npOBeJIH y TaMOIUIbHM
O,l\ MHHxeHa. cy y nell,
TpaH,l\'
HCTpa)l(HBalba,
H enHCKon
KHJIOMeTapa
EBO
y KOHQeHTpa-
Ha peaJIHHM
,l\p J1JIHha nOKa3yjy
neorpa,l\y
y lIYBeHO
aJIH je HaKHa,l\HO npOQeHHO
palbe
MHT 0 HaBO,l\Hoj HHKOJIaja
HCTe rO,l\HHe:'
BojJIOBHQe,
Koja ce npH6JIH)I(aBaJIa
60M6ap,l\OBalba
Ca)I(eTH y KIbH3H,
raBpHJIO
,l\aHa HOBeM6pa
H3 MaHacTHpa
HX, npHBpeMeHo,
2006).
aBrycT
HH HeKOJIHKO rO,l\HHa, HH HeKOJIHKO MeceQH,
He apMHje,
pa3JIOrOM
7.
J1JIHh. - Moja
IlaTpHjapx
HaQHCTa ,l\a 6H MOfJIH ,l\a 6y,l\y OCJI060l)eHH
npecTaHor
3a BpeMe
Beh caMO HelUTO BHlUe O,l\ MeceQ ,l\aHa - O,l\ 25.
aYTopH,
1944.,l\0
6HJIH npe6alleHH
raBpHJIa
,l\a ce Taj MHT He 3aCHHBa
naK, rOBope
cenTeM6pa
CTpa,l\alba
H3JIO)l(HO je y HHTepBjyy
HOBOCTH':
y TOM MeCTY npe6alleHH
3aKJbyqHHM
CBHX HCTpa)l(HBalba,
QHOHOM JIoropy
H TajHa
y,l\aJbeHO
onopaBKa
H enHCKona
,l\ao je CBOj ,l\onpHHoc
HHKOJIajeBor
YCKOKOBHh ("Belleplbe
UpKBa
raBpHJIa
2006)
(neorpa,l\,
YTHcaK je ,l\a je CBeCHO, O,l\HOCHO HaMepHo, HHlIKOj
IlpaBOCJIaBHa
naTpHjapxa
",l\eMHcTHHKoBaIbY"
KOjH je ,l\ao 3aropKH THXTe3a: "IlocJIe
KIbHre
H HCTHHa 0 3aTOlleHHlUTBY
70
llIJIHp3e,
(MHTpOnOJIHTa
He caMO IUHlUaJIH
KOMYHHCTH
cy cp6cKe
QPHoropCKo-npHMopCKor
H 6pHjaJIH,
Jo-
Hero H Ha CBaKH MoryhH
237
236 HaqHH nOHH:>KaBa1lH(MHTpOn01lHTa QPHOrOpCKOr npHMOpCKOr ApceHHja,
HajBepoBaTHHja npeTnOCTaBKa y BeSH ca THM BesaHa je sa HenocTojalbe
B1Ia):\HKYXBOCTaHCKOrBapHaBY). KOMYHHCTHcy Cp6CKOrCBelliTeHCTBa n06H-
paHQHja BesaHHX sa lbHXOBY 6es6e):\HOCT y TOM rpa):\y, KpajeM cenTeM6pa
1IH CKOpOK01lHKO H YCTallie. HeMQH Cy Cp6CKHX CBelliTeHHKa y6H1IH MHOrO
1944. H y6y):\yhe, C 06SHpOM Ha TelliKa 60M6ap):\oBalba KojHMa je Beq y TO BpeMe 6HO HS1I0:>KeH:'
Malbe. 1111Hhje 3aTOqHHK je):\He CTpaBHqHe npHqe, Koja jOlli HHje 3aBpllieHa, jep lberOBe KOJIel'eYABAIlII1 OTBapalbe apXHBa 0 npOrOHY ClIU,
AKO je TaKO, salliTO HX O):\Bo):\ey Aaxay, Ka):\je H HeMaqKa HenpeCTaHO
jOlli YBeK B1Ia):\ajy Cp6HjOM, H CnpeqaBajy H npahelbY lbeHHX enHCKOna, HapOqHTO
ra-
no):\ 60M6aMa? AKO je TaKO, salliTO HX y nOBpaTKY HS Aaxaya oneT ):\OBo):\e
TaKBHX KaKaB je 6HO HHK01laj. KOMYHHCTe H ):\aHaC60JIH lliTO HX je HHK01laj
y Beq? To lliTO XepMaH Hoj6axep
O):\aBHOnpOqHTaO, H 3aTO lliTO je CBHM CBOjHM 6HheM 6HO npOTHB lbHXOBor
SHaqH ):\a <1>ajcTpHQepHHje SHao r):\e cy faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj - jep Hoj6axep
3110qHHaqKOr ):\e1l0Balba Mel)y Cp6HMa. OHH TO He MOry ):\a MY onpOCTe, ria
je 6HO qHHOBHHK MHHHCTapCTBa CnOJbHHXnOC1I0BaHeMaqKe, a <1>ajcTpHQep
cy oneT cnpeMHH ):\a nOHy):\e cBoje ,,):\06pe YC1Iyre" cp60q,06HMa
Oq,HQHP feCTanoa, KOjH je, He 06aBelliTaBajyhH
KojHMa je
nOC1I0Ba, 06aBHO npe6aQHBalbe
HHK01laj TaKol)e TPH y OKY.
HHje SHao r):\e cy faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj He
MHHHCTapCTBO CnOJbHHX
Cp6CKHX Be1lHKO):\OCTojHHKa.I1s Hoj6axe-
pOBor npOTeCTa PH6eHTpony, H PH6eHTponOBHX ):\aJbHXaKQHja, BH):\Hce ):\a je feCTano 6HO cnpeMaH ):\a npel)e npeKO lbHXOBHX onaCKH, H ):\a pa):\H no' CBOMe,cMaTpajyhH ):\aje TO y onlliTeM HHTepecy.
J1JIHneBe Te3e H npep;y6el)elba
II
Ha Kpajy cBoje KlbHre, 1111HhH3HOCHqeTpHaeCT Tesa 0 O):\HOCYHeMaQa npeMa naTpHjapxy
faBpH1IY H B1Ia):\HKHHHK01lajy y ApyroM
1111Hh,Kao H CBaKH npaBH THTOB l)aK, Bepyje ):\aje l)eHepa1l MHxaH1I0-
CBeTCKOMpaTY.
MH heMo HacTojaTH Aa HX HSJIO:>KHMO, OHHM pe):\oM KOjH HaM je nHcaQ ):\ao, a
BHh 6HO capa):\HHK XHT1Iepa y BpeMe Apyror
):\asaTHM o):\rOBopHMO Ha CBaKY0):\lbHX. lIpe HOWTOTOypa):\HMO, nOHY):\Hhe-
lberOBHX "peKOHCTpYKQHja" ):\oral)aja HS OBeenoxe saCHHBa ce Ha qHlbeHHQH
MO pas1l0re s60r KOjHX MHC1IHMO):\aje 1111Hhca npe):\y6el)elbHMa npHcTynHo
):\a 1111Hhoceha HeTpneJbHBOCT npeMa faBpH1I0BOM H HHK01lajeBoM CTaBY
CBOjoj aHa1lHSH ):\oral)aja. lIpe CBera, TY cy paSMHlliJbalba 0 O):\Bol)elbY cp6-
Jyroc1I0BeHcKoj BOjCQH y oTaI,I6HHH. OH nOKyrnaBa ):\a Hac yaepH, Ha je):\aH
CKHX BeJIHKO,t(OCTojHHKaHS BojJIOBHQe y Aaxay, a saTHM H Tesa 0 raBpH1IY H
nocpe):\aH HaqHH, ):\acy Hoj6axep,
HHK01lajy Kao HSBpWKTeJbHMa BOJb€o):\pel)eHHx CTpYKTypa Tpeher Pajxa.
1Iaj y HSBeCHOMCMHC1IY6H1IH nOBesaHH y 60p6H npoTHB HOB H lIOJ, Koje je
I
CBeTCKor paTa. Be1lHKH ):\eo
Apa:>Ka, He):\Hh, JbOTHh, faBpH1I0 H HHKO-
BO):\HOMYApH "Mapllia1l" JocHn Bpos THTO. I1cTHHa je, Mel)YTHM, Bp1l0 jacHa: BPX ClIU
WlIHheaa peKOH(;TpyK~Hja ,t(oral)aja OKOo,t(Bol)elba naTpHjapxa faBpH1Ia
ClIU
jecTe 6HO ys Apa:>KY,saTO lliTO je 6HO ys KpaJba lIeTpa II. A1IH BPX
HHje 6HO ys XHT1Iepa. lIpe):\1Ia:>KyhH):\a ce naTpHjapx OC1I060):\HHeno-
H llJta,llHKe HHKOJIaja y ,D;axaYnyHa je Hspasa THna "MO:>K):\a je': "no cBeMY cy-
cpe):\He HeMaqKe CTpa:>Ke,):\aMY ce oMoryhH ):\aC1IY:>KH y Cp6CKHM xpaMOBHMa
):\ehH': "HSfJIe):\a': "Ma)J;aHeMa ,t(OBOJbHO no):\aTaKa, HnaK ..:' TaKo 1111HhTBp):\H
y AYCTpHjH,):\a ce OCTaBH cymH1IaH Ha):\sop JbY):\HC KojHMa ce BHl)a, Kao H
):\aje reCTanOBaQ <1>ajcTpHQep14. cemeM6pa
):\a MY ce ):\onYCTH Besa ca enHCKonaTOM CIIU,
JocH4>a If: CHHO,l:(ClIU
1944. 06aBecTHo MHTpOn01lHTa
0 TOMe ):\a cy HeMQH CnpOBe1lH faBpH1Ia H HHK01laja
"TeK Mopa):\a ce onopaBH 0):\ JIOIlIEf
Hoj6axep
TPETMAHA
Ka:>Ke):\a faBpH1I0
nOC1Ie):\lbHXrO):\HHa".
y BHHepBa1l):\ KO,t(Beqa, r):\e he OBH HMaTH nYHY c1I060):\y H MohH ):\anpHMajy
(AaK1Ie, Hoj6axep
1IeKapa. To, no 1111Hhy,HHje 6H1Ia 1Ia:>KHaHHq,opMaQHja feCTanoa, Hero npe-
jepapxy
QHSHa, Kao H paHHje HHq,opMaQHje 0 lbHMa ):\BOjHQH ):\aBaHe CHHO):\y, lIa
lIpe):\par
HnaK, faBpH1I0 H HHK01laj HHCY OCTa1lHy BHHepBa1l):\y, Hero cy OTHlli1lH y
IlITO ce Apa:>KeTHqe, nOKyrnaj Hoj6axepa):\a
Aaxay. 1111HhoBaj MOMeHaTTYMaqH: "To lliTO nopyqHHK <1>ajcTpHQepHape):\-
6HHaQHje Hehe ycneTH. Apa:>Ka he ):\p:>KaTHBesy C MHOrHMa, a1lH he OCTaTH
6HO JIOIlI;
je CBeCTaH):\aje HeMaqKH TpeTMaH npeMa Cp6CKOMnpBOHacynpoT
TOMe, MHpKO 1)opl)eBHh,
JOBaH Bajq,op):\ H
1111HhTBp):\e ):\aje Taj TpeTMaH 6HO AOBAP, KaTKa):\ OAJIWIAH.) ra yayqe y ):\a1leKOCe:>KHe KOM-
HHX 10-aK ):\aHa HHje Morao ):\a Ka:>Ker):\e ce Ha1laSe ):\BojHQa Be1lHKO):\OCToj-
BepaH sana):\HHM "caBesHHQHMa': Ha qHjOj cy cTpaHH 6H1Ie H faBpH1I0Be H
HHKa CpnCKe QPKBe nOC1Ie):\HQaje 6aHa1lHe qHlbeHHQe ):\aOHH ):\aHHMa HHCY
HHK01lajeBe cHMnaTHje H Te, 1945, Kao H 1941. rO):\HHe,jacHo ce BH):\HHS qH-
CTHSa1lH):\0 Beqa. C ):\pyre CTpaHe, Ka):\cy Beh CTHfJIH y Beq, OqHfJIe):\HOje ):\a
lbeHHQe ):\acy naTpHjapx Cp6CKH H B1Ia):\HKa:>KHqKHnOC1Ia1lHnHCMO Apa:>KH
je HelliTO HCKpC1I0lliTO je feCTano nOK01le6a1l0 y HaMepH ):\a HX TY sa):\p:>KH.
MHxaH1I0BHhy, n01l0BHHOM MapTa 1945. Apa:>Ka ce Ha1laSHOy BOCHH. TOM
IlITa je TO MOfJIO):\a6y):\e, He BH):\Hce HS CaqYBaHe HeMaqKe ):\OKYMeHTaQHje.
npH1IHKOM ):\06HO je H je):\HY HKOHY MajKe BO:>KjeHa 611arOC1I0B0):\ CBeTor
239
238
HHKOJIaja )l(HqKOr.,ll;pa)l(a
je 18. MapTa 1945. nOCJIao nopYKY Y Kojoj je H3-
2, 3. fecTano jecTe H3BpllIHO .n;enopTaQHjy faBpHJIa H HHKOJIaja y,ll;axay,
pa3Ho )I(eJby.n;a Cp6CKH apXHjepejH o.n;yY CA,ll;, r.n;e6H ce 60pHJIH ,,3a HallIY HaQHoHaJIHY cTBap': HHKOJIaj he THM nYTeM H KpeHYTH, qHM 6y.n;e Morao,
He KOHCYJITyjyhH Hoj6axepa,
.n;OKhe ce faBpHJIO BpaTHTH Y Cp6Hjy, .n;aTaMO nOHece KpCT, cKyna ca cBOjHM MHorocTpa.n;aJIHHM Hapo.n;oM.
,ll;axaya no.n;TellIKHM paTHHM YCJIOBHMa,BpJIO HapymeHor
llaTpHjapx
faBpHJIO H BJIa.n;HKaHHKOJIaj cy, O.n;Maxno H3JIacKY H3 ,ll;axa-
HHaqe npHJIHqHO pa3YMHor .n;HnJIOMaTYTpeher
Pajxa. ,ll;enopToBalbe CTapaQa 6HJIO je npaBO Myqelbe - OHH cy BO)l(eHH .n;o 4. llaTpHjapx
3.n;paBJba.
faBpHJIO H CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(HqKH HHCY6HJIH ,ll;YfO y,ll;a-
xay, aJIH cy BJ.1JIJ.1,H TO ynpaBo y,ll;axay. OHH cy, nope.n; naCTopa MapTHHa
ya, nOKymaJIH .n;acTyne y Be3H ca 1)eHepaJIOMMHXaHJIOBHheM H oxpa6pe ra.
HHMeJIepa, HajyrJIe.n;HHjH xpHllIhaHH
- aHTHHaQHCTH KOjH cy y TOM JIoropy
TaKO je BojBo.n;a JeB1)eBHh o.n;faBpHJIOBOr ceKpeTapa,.n;p MHTpa I,IaKoBHha,
6HJIH. fpellIKe y paHHM 6HorpacpHjaMa HHKOJIajeBHM yrJIaBHOM nOTHqy H3
npHMHO nopYKY 3a ,ll;Pa)l(Y (17 . .n;eQeM6pa1944) .n;ahe faBpHJIO OCTaTH"H Y A'-
HeMOryllHOCTH .n;ace .n;o1)e.n;oBa'iH.n;He HCTopHjcKe rpa1)e H cypOBe 3a6paHe
6py H Y 3JIY" ca 1)eHepaJIOM,KOMeqeCTHTa HacTynajyhe XpHcToBe npa3HHKe.
THTOBor pe)l(HMa.n;a ce HHKOJIaj, Kao "paTHH 3JIOqHHaQ~y jaBHocTH yonllITe nOMHlbe (ro.n;HHe 1978, 3BaHHqHO je 3a6palbeHo YHollIelbe lberOBHX .n;eJIay
Y TO BpeMe, Hoj6axep
je HacTojao .n;anaTpHjapxa
cp6CKor H BJIa.n;HKY
)I(HqKOr aHra)l(yje 3a nOTpe6e HeMaqKe. Y TeJIerpaMY ynyheHoM jaHyapa 1945. MHHHCTPy PH6eHTpony, Hoj6axep Ka)l(e: ,,3a Hac je o.n;npeBacxo.n;He Ba)I(HOCTH .n;acpnCKor naTpHjapxa npH.n;o6HjeMo 3a aKTHBHO aHra)l(OBalbe
CPJ). Oae rpellIKe
npOTHB KOMYHH3Ma." Hoj6axep
cp6CKor Hapo.n;a.Malbe onpaB.n;alba HMa 3a OHe KOjH cy ce, o.n;noqeTKa 90-HX ro.n;HHa XX BeKa, 6aBHJIH HHKOJIajeBoM 6HorpacpHjoM. OHH cy MOpaJIH .n;a
je )I(eJIeo .n;aHe.n;Hha, lboTHha
H ,ll;Pa)l(y no-
Be)l(e ca naTpHjapxoM pa.n;H"cpnCKe HaQHOHaJIHeaI
,ll;HMHh), r.n;ecy pa3He y.n;6allIKe KpeaType Ha
ce6e Y3HMaJIa YJIory C}'AHja H I,IeJIaTa3HaqajHHM HCTOpHjCKHM JIHqHOCTHMa
6y.n;y MHoro 036HJbHHjH, jep cy, 360r cBoje nOBpllIHOCTH, "cTpyqlbaQHMa" nonYT Bajcpop.n;a H J.1JIHha.n;aJIHnOBo.n;a.n;aTBp.n;eKaKO ce 0 HHKOJIajeBoM
III
MyqeHHllITBY CTBapao "MHT':
1. J.1JIHhTBp.n;H.n;anaTpHjapx faBpHJIO H BJIa.n;HKaHHKOJIaj HHCYo.n;Be.n;eHH y ,ll;axay .n;a6H 6HJIH MyqeHH H y6HjeHH, Hero .n;a6H HX HeMQH CKJIOHHJIH o.n;cOBjeTcKHx Tpyna H THTOBHX napTH3aHa,KojH
HHCY nOCJIeAHQe 3JIe HaMepe, Hero "HCTopHorpacpHje
no.n; Ha.n;30pOM" (lby60.n;par
6H MOfJIH .n;aHX OCJI060.n;e
H TO KSKopHCTe y riponaraH.D;He CBpxe, npoTHB HaQHCTa.TaKo1)e, HaQHCTHcy ce HaAaJIH .n;ahe naTpHjapxa faBpHJIa npH.n;06HTH 3a 60p6y npoTHB THToBe
5. llaTpHjapx
faBpHJIO H BJIa.n;HKaHHKOJIaj HHCY 6HJIH Ha CMpT Myqe-
HH y ,ll;axay 3aTO llITO HaQHCTHMa HHCY 6HJIH nOTpe6HH MPTBH, Hero )I(HBH. AJIH, OHH cy .n;O)l(HBeJIHCTpa.n;albe, 0 qeMY ce jacHo BH.n;HH3 HHKOJIajeBor TeI
HOB H COBjeTcKor CaBe3a, Kao H HHKOJIaja. Tpy.n;ehH ce.n;aTO ypa.n;e, Y3.n;aJIH
6. faBpH1l0 H HHKOJIaj cy, Ha HHTepBeHQHjy Hoj6axepa, Kora cy no.n;p)I(aJIH He.n;Hh H lboTHh, nymTeHH H3 ,ll;axay, aJIH HHCY OCJIOB01)EHJ.1 H3
cy ce y TO .n;ahe "aaTepaTH naTpHjapxa faBpHJIa H enHCKona HHKOJIaja - no-
HeMaqKOr poncTBa.
3HaTe Kao BeJIHKe npoTHBHHKe KOMYHH3Ma - Ha capa.n;lbY ca HaQHCTHqKHM TpehHM PajxoM, OAaOCHO,ca KBHCJIHHllIKHM H KOJIa60paHTcKHM nOJIHTHqKHM CHaraMa y Cp6HjH H JyroCJIaBHjH':
7. OnopaBaK faBpHJIa H HHKOJIaja y 6albH llIllHp3e
6HO je caMO CPH3Hq~
KH. OHH cy H .n;aJbe6HJIH H3JIO)l(eHHnCHXHqKOMMaJITpeTHpalbY reCTanOBaQa, KOjH cy HX npHMOpaBaJIH Ha capa.n;lbY. 8. llaTpHjapx
faBpHJIO H CBeTH HHKOJIaj )l(HqKH HHCYnpHCTaJIH HH Ha
IIha 6H ce .n;eCHJIOC naTpHjapxoM faBpHJIOM H BJIa.n;HKOMHHKOJIajeM Ka.n;6H HX OCJI060.n;HJIHQPBeHoapMejQH H THTOBQH,BeJIHKOje nHTalbe. llo-
KaKaB HaQHCTHqKH nJIaH 0 "yje.n;HlbelbY npeOCTaJIHX cpncKHx aHTHKoMYHH-
rOTOBY 3a BJIa.n;HKYHHKOJIaja, KOjH je KOMYHHCTHqKHMY3ypnaTopHMa 6HO
CTHqKHX, KBHC1lHHllIKO-KOJIa60paQHoHHCTHqKHX CHara y Cp6HjH H BaH lbe':
"KPB Ha OqHMa': MO)l(e 6HTH .n;a6H YTaMaHHJIH, nOCJIe Myqelba, Kao llITO
Hero cy OTHllIJIH .n;ay CJIOBeHHjH 6JIarOCJIOBeHaQHoHaJIHe Tpyne no.n;BPXOB-
cy yqHHHJIH ca MHTpOnOJIHTOM QPHoropCKo-npHMopCKHM JoaHHKHjeM; a Mo~a 6H ra oneT YTaMHHqHJIH, Kao llITO cy yqHHHJIH ca CBellITeHOHcno-
HOM KOMaH.n;oM1)eHepaJIa MHXaHJIOBHha. OBe Tpyne cy XTeJIe .n;ace yje.n;HHe ca CJIOBeHaqKHMaHTHKOMYHHCTHManpojyroCJIOBeHCKH opHjeHTHcaHHM pa-
Be.n;HHKOMBapHaBoM H KacHHje MHTpOnOJIHTOMQPHoropCKo-npHMopCKHM
.n;H60p6e npOTHB THTOBe oKynaQHje JyroCJIaBHje H n03HBalba KpaJba lle-
ApceHHjeM Bpa.n;BapeBHheM. qHlbeHHQa.n;a cy XHTJIepOBQHpaqYHaJIH Ha fa-
Tpa II Ha CJI060.n;HYTepHTopHjy CJIOBeHHje, o.n;aKJIeje Tpe6aJIo .n;aOmOqHe,
BpHJIa H HHKOJIaja Ka.n;acy )I(eJIeJIH.n;aHX HCKopHCTe3a aHTHKOMYHHCTHqKY KOHcpepeHQHjy "eBponCKHX QPKaBa" HHje HHllITa Malbe qHlbeHHQa o.n;cpaKTa .n;acy faBpHJIO H HHKOJIaj TO O.n;JIyqHO0.n;6HJIH.
Y3 nOMoh 3ana.n;HHXcaBe3HHKa, pecTaypaQHja KpaJbeBHHe JyroCJIaBHje Kao CJI060.n;He.n;p)l(aBe.llJIaH HHje ycneo jep cy qepqHJI H Py3BeJIT JyroCJIaBHjy npenYCTHJIH KpBOJIOKYCTaJbHHY H lberOBOM BepHOM CJIyrH, JOCHny Bp03Y,
240
241
Y qHjOj je TajHoj nOnHl.\HjH ~p Ilpe~par J,1nHh neKaO CBOj 3aHaT. IlaTpHjapx H Bna~HKa )l{HqKH cy y CnoBeHHjH nOKa3anH KpajlbY Y3~p)l{aHOCT; 6narocno-
HajBeha li1nHheBa na)l{ (HeHCTHHa, H3MHllIJbOTHHa, HT~.) je ~a "KOMYUHCTHqKH pe)l{HM y JyrocnaBHjH HHje nO~CTHl.\ao HCTpa)l{HBalbe OBor nHTalba
BHnH cy Tpyrre, a HHKonaj je o~p)l{ao rOBOp Ha~ lbOTHheBHM O~pOM HCKa-
~a 6H 6HO Y ~06pHM O~HOCHMaca CIlIJ;': He, Hero je l.\HJbKOMYUHCTHqKOrpe-
3yjyhH 3a~OBOJbCTBO360r y~pY)l{HBalba Cp6CKHX Hal.\HOHanHHX Tpyrra no~
)l{HMa 6HO ~a ce HHKonaj 3aYBeK 06naTH Kao "XUTnepOBal.\" H ,,~pa)l{HHOBal.\"
KOMaH~OM ~eHepana ,Upa)l{e H 3axBanHocT lbOTHhy 360r nOMohH OKO nyllITalba H3 ,Uaxaya (TOnHKO HM je 6Hno "neno" y ,Uaxay, ~a J.1nHh Ka)l{e, Kao
(a ,Upa)l{a je, 3Ha ce, TaKo~e "xuTnepoBal.\")
CTapH l.\HHHK THTOBor HKB,U-a, ~a cy cp6cKe Bna~HKe "y)l{HBanH pe~OBHY
HeMaqKOr, qac aHrnOaMepHqKor. EBO KaKOje lberOBY ynory
3~paBCTBeHY 3allITHTY" H "penaTHBHO cn060~Ho llIeTanH no ~BOpHllITHMa OKO'EYUKepa' ").
CTHqKH HCTOpHqap ,UparoMHp MHTpOBHh y TeKCTY "O~HOC CBellITeHCTBa
9. EopaBaK faBpHna H HHKonaja y xOTeny "fpaH~" y KHl.\6Hny 3a li1nHha je oneT "nOqaCHH TpeTMaH': KOjH cy y)l{HBanH "M. He~Hh H ~pyrH n03HaTH cpnCKH H 6anKaHCKH capa~HHl.\H Hal.\HCTHqKOr oKyrraTopa"
(06paTHMO na-
KojH je HCTOllITO H CTenHHal.\.
KOMYUHCTHcy HHKonaja ~O)l{HBJbaBanH Kao BpxynCKor llInHjyua
npeMa HOIl-y
H YCTaHKYHa no~pyqjy
- qac
BH~eo KOMYUH-
KpaJbeBa 1941. rO~HHe": "HHKonajeB
nnaH, ca KOjHMje yrr03Hao H 'uPa)l{y MHxaHnoBHha npeKo HOBHHapa EpallIHha KOjH ra je O~Heo, 6HO je ~a ce nOBe)l{y CBH, o~ KpaJba IleTpa ~o HeMaqKOr fecTanoa y Eeorpa~y. YrnaBHoM, no lberoBoj 3aMHCnH, He~Hh H lbOTHh HManH6H HajHcKpeHHje H HajnojanHHje ~a cap~yjy
ca HeMl.\HMa, 'upa)l{a MuxaH-
)l{IbY Ha TOH HCKa3a, H KO TY jOlli Tpe6a ~a 6y~e npH~pY)l{eH crrHCKY Cp6CKO6anKaHcKux Kona60pal.\HOHHCTa XHTnepa). HHCY MAJITPETli1PAHli1, Hero
nOBHh ~a OCTaHeno CTpaHH, HneranaH H y TajHoM cnopa3YMY Y3 carnaCHOCT
IlOqACHO
HeMal.\a. qeTHHl.\H KOCTe IlehaHl.\a, nope~ Tora llITO cy y ~HpeKTHoj cnY)l{6H
TPETli1PAHli1,
cMaTpa li1nHh.
faBpHno ce y Cp6Hjy BpaTHo ~a ce CTaBH Ha qeno CIlIJ;,
He~Hha H oKyrraTopa, npe~CTaBJbanH 6H neranHY eKcn03HTYPY 'upa)l{e MH-
CypOBO rOlbeHe no~ THTOM, Ka~ je npOl.\eHHo ~a MY )l{HBOT Hehe 6HTH Henocpe~HO yrp0)l{eH; HHKonaj je 6HO CBeCTaH~a 6H ra THTO H lberOBa 03HA
xaHnOBHha. He~Hh, lbOTHh, IlehaHal.\ H ,Upa)l{a MHxaHnOBHh, 3aje~HHqKHM
- Y,UBA - C,UE - Eli1A 3aTOqHnH HnH y6HnH, H 3aTO je OCTao y AMepHl.\H, nOMa)I{yhH Cp6HMa KOjH cy CTelbanH no~ 6p030MOpOM.
ycnocTaBe pe~ H MHp Y 3eMJbH H CTBope npe~ycnoBe 3a nOBnaqelbe HeMaq-
11. li1nHh cBoje npaBo nHl.\e nOKa3yje TBp~ehH ~a cy naTpHjapx faBpHno
'upa)l{a MuxaHnOBHh H HHKonaj, a Ka~a HacTyrrH nOBOJbaHMOMeHaTopraHH-
10. IlaTpHjapx
H CB. HHKonaj )l{HqKH nHqHO KPHBH 3a MHCTHcpHKal.\HjeBe3aHe 3a IbHXOB60-
CHaraMa Y3 ca~ejcTBo HeMal.\a, 06aBe3HO Tpe6a ~a YUHllITe KOMYUH3aM, ~a KHX H 6yrapcKHx
Tpyrra H3 Cp6Hje. Be3Y ca Bna~OM y JIOH~OHY O~p)l{aBahe
3al.\Hja 'upa)l{e MHxaHnOBHha cTyrrHna 6H y aKl.\Hjy:'
paBaK y ,Uaxay, jep HHKa~ HHCY nHcanH H rOBopHnH 0 TOMe. To HHje HCTHHa:
Eor~aH fOp~Hh H THKa TonanOBHh, qeTHHqKe BojBo~e, 6Hne cy T060)l{
HHKonaj je HanHcao TeKCT 0 ycnoBHMa IbHXOBor )l{HBOTa y,Uaxay, KOjH je y
HHKonajeBa TeneCHa rap~a, a nHqHO HHKonaj HM je 0~06pHO ~a 6aTHHajy
Cp6HjH 6HO He~ocTyrraH jep je 06jaBJbeH y "qeTHHqKOM': "BenHKocp6cKOM"
Hapo~ y nopTH lby60cTHlbe.
"AMepHKaHcKoM BepHHx
cnyry
Cp606paHY':
a He~ocTyrraH je 6HO (Bli1A?) yrrpaBo 360r
Y,UEE nonYT yqelbaKa li1nHha H lbeMY CnHqHHX. faBpHno H
MHTpOBHh je HaBeo HHKonajeBo
nHCMO ,Upa)l{H, r~e ra HHKonaj MonH
~a ce nOByqe ca onca~e KpaJbeBa, 360r npe~cTojehHx
HeMaqKHX 0~Ma3~H.
HHKonaj HHCY 6HnH KOMYHHCTHqKH Hapo~HH xepojH KOjH ce XBane cBojHM
AnH, HaBeo ra je 6e3 MHOfJ1X6HTHHX peqeHHl.\a, y n03HaTOM KOMnapTHjcKOM
nO~BH3HMa y cTHny "OTnHcaHHx" H EaTe )l{HBojHHoBHha; Morao je ~a ~o~e ~o IbHXOBHX CBe~Oqelba 0 cTpa~aIbY.
cy H3 MHTpOBHheBor TeKCTa H30CTaBJbeHH, 3aTO llITO MY ce HHCYYKnananH
anH, KO je XTeo,
12-14. HajBehy o~roBopHoCT 3a Hecnopa3YMe OKO HHKonajeBe 6HOrpacpHje CHoce THTOBe cnyre H nOnHl.\ajl.\H, KOjH cy HHKonajy
0~Y3enH ~p_
HCTopHorpacpCKOM cTHny. EBO nHCMa 'uPa)l{H y l.\enHHH. Ilo~ByqeHH
~enOBH
y KOHl.\enT, no KOMe je HHKonaj 6HO rnaBHH H~eonor CBHX Kona60paTepa HeMl.\HMa 3a BpeMe paTa y Cp6HjH: "lllTa
C
he HaM KOpHCTHTH 3eMJba aKO ce
Jby~e KOjH cy H3~aBanH lberOBa ~ena (nonYT
HCTpe6H Hapo~? A HCTpe6Jbelbe Hapo~a cpncKor ca~a ce BpllIH ca HeKonHKO
enHCKona llIa6aqKO-BaJbeBCKOr JIaBpeHTHja); OHH, Kao Eli1A, H ~aJbe cnpe-
cTpaHa. Eor H Hapo~ - Tpe6a ce Eora 60jaTH H Eory ce MonHTH, a Hapo~ CBOj BoneTH H )l{anHTH.
)l{aBJbaHCTBO H nporalbaJm
qaBajy npHcTyrr TajHHM apXUBaMa THTOBor pe)l{HMa, H jOlli HHCY~anH YBH~ y ~ocHje TajHor npahelba CBeTOr HHKonaja )l{HqKor. IJ;pKBeHH H CBeTOBHH
AnH, Ha )l{anOCT, HMa nyuo 6e360)l{HHKa KOjH HHTH ce Eora 60je HHTH
HCTOpHqapH neT ~el.\eHHja HHCY MornH cn060~HO ~a ce 6aBe HHKonajeM, a
Hapo~ Bone H )l{ane. MHorH cy O~ IbHX 6narOBpeMeHO H3BYKnH cBoje nopo-
O~ noqeTKa ~eBe~eceTHX rO~HHa XX Ben HHepl.\Hja npOllinor 3annHTalbe y nOBpllIHOCTH cy HX TaKo~e CnpeqaBanH y TOMe.
~Hl.\e H3 rpa~OBa na oH~a nOqenH HeMHnocp~Ho ~a HX PYIIIe, TY~y HMOBH-
BpeMeHa H
HY H y6Hjajy Ty~e Maje, CHHOBeH KhepH. ABaj, n0fJ16Hjo cpncKa o~ 6e360)l{HHKa!
242
243
HeJ13MepHO 601IJ1 J1MeHe J1MHOre ~yre Cp6e, 1llTO ce y nOClIe~lDe BpeMe nO'lelIO OBO pY1llelDe npJ1nJ1CJ1BaTJ1 J1 BaMa. CBeT je y HeJ13BeCHOCTJ1,O~HOCHOBa1llJ1x nlIaHOBa. ,lJ,a1IJ13aJ1CTa J1 BJ1 yqecTByjeTe
y 60p6aMa
OKOKpaJbe-
6e360)l(HJ1qJ1Ma,
H no~cehao
ra Ha BOCHY, r~e cy ce CBJ1Cp6J1 y~PY)l(HlIJ1 Y
0~6paHJ1 CBor ~YXOBHor J1 6J101I01llKOr onCTaHKa. To MJ1TpOBJ1hy CMeTa. OHO 1llTO je pa~J10 MJ1TpOBJ1h HeKa~, J1 1llTO je pa~J10 KOMnapTJ1jcKJ1
Ba J11IJ1TO HeKO 31I0HaMepHO, a y CBOjy KOpJ1CT CTaBJba no~ Ba1llY QlJ1pMY? TaKo J1 no ~pyrJ1M BeCTJ1Ma: J1 OBa HeJ13BeCHOCT nOMpa'laBa MJ1ClIJ1J1 lIe~J1 cpqe CBaKor cpnCKor po~oJby6a.
HCTOpJ1'1ap ~p KO'la JOH'IJ1h y CBOjOj KIDJ13J1"KpaJbeBa'lKJ1
Ja ce KaMeHJ1M y MaHaCTJ1py J1 caMO ce MOlIJ1M Bory 3a cpnCKY ClIOry. AKO J1Ka~ OHa 'IeTJ1pJ1 ClIOBa C Tpe6a ~a J1Majy HeKJ1 npaKTJ1'1aH J1 cnaCOHOCHJ13Ha'laj, TO Tpe6a y OBOMBpeMeHY.
HlIJ1h, npe~CTaBJbajyhJ1
BojBo~a
B.
r. (Bor~aH
rop~J1h)
HJ11llTBOMKpaJbeBa CTe XHTlIepoBor
IDeM rOBOpJ1 0 Ba1lloj MJ1CaOHOCTJ1J1 xpa6pOCTJ1. AlIJ1, )l(alIJ1M 1llTO He ,Ii;oCBe 1llTO MO)l(eTe J1TO XJ1THO.qYBajTe ce CBJ1XOHJ1X
opTaKa KOjJ1y Bora He Bepyjy. HHKa~ y HCTOpHjH HHje~aH Cp6HH 6e3 Bepe y Bora
HHje }"IHHHO HHje~Ho BeJIHKO ~eJIO, o~ HeMalbe
BojBo~e
MHmHha.
Bea Bora HH npeKo
MOry pa~HTH Ha ~06py KY ~ymy
npara
CBor BO)l(Hjer Hapo~a
- roBope
~o Kapa1)op1)a
H cBeqHMa
CJIaBaMa? llapTJ1ja1llTBO Hac je CTpa1llHO ynponaCTJ1lIO
- KpCHHM
H OCpaMOTJ1lIO. lla
3ap ~a j01ll napTJ1ja1llJ1MO? H TO ~aHac J1 TO Y IllYMa~J1jJ1? IIaTpHoTcKa MO)Ke ~a nOCJIY)KJI npHMepOM
H
Cp6H o~YBeK. 3ap
OHH ffimH KojH HeMajy ~y60-
Cp6HHOBY HepaCKH~HBO BeaaHY C BoroM
CHa~aHac
J1 Cp6J1je':
1941':
Ha~ CTaHOB-
HaCTaBJ10 je, CYIITJ1lIHJ1je, ~a pa~J1 llpe~par
cp6cKe npBOenJ1CKOne raBpJ1lIa J1 HJ1KOlIaja Kao ro-
Pajxa. MlIeKo 6paBapa
J13 KYMpoBqa je jaKa xpaHa, 3ap He?
npJ1'1ao MJ1je MHoro 0 BaMa. Ca ~J1BJbe-
qJIaHaK H3 »lbyjOpK TajMca"
lIa3J1Te C IDJ1MY Be3Y, Kao J1 ca ~pyrJ1M 'IJ1CTO HaqJ10HalIHJ1M je~J1HJ1qaMa. Y'IJ1HJ1Te y OBOMnpaBqy
oKT06ap
TBp~ehJ1 ~a HJ1KOlIaj "HJ1je HJ1'1J1MoCY~J10 31I0'lJ1He oKynaTopa
napTHjamKoj
llIYMa~HjH.
BoAKo.
llol)HMO 3a HeKHM npJ1MepOM. Yje~J1HJ1MO OBOMallO CBe)l(J{XHapO~HJ1X CHa-
TajMc" je 17. 1946. 06jaBJ10 TeKCT "EnJ1CKOn, 6J1B1llJ1 HaqJ1CTJ1'1KJ13ap06JbeHJ1K,
Ka~a je CBeTJ1 HJ1KOlIaj )KJ1'1KJ1 CTJ1raO y CA,lJ" "fhyjOpK jaHyapa je OB~e
I Cp6CKH
npelIaT 6J10 je ~p)l(aH y ,lJ,axay ca HJ1MeJIepOM - ll03~paBJba
nOHa1llalDe aMepJ1'1Ke BojcKe". EBO 1llTa nJ11lle y TOM 'IlIaHKY: "TlIa~
y EBpOnJ1 je BJ11lle ~YXOBHa Hero TelIeCHa', peKao je y paarOBOpy
y ynpaBJ1 cp6CKor npaBOClIaBHor
ca60pHor
xpaMa CBeTor CaBe, y 3ana~Hoj
26. YlIJ1qJ1 6poj 20 enJ1CKOn npaBOClIaBHJ1X enapxJ1ja
OXpJ1~CKe J1 )l(J1'1Ke
HJ1KOlIaj, 'IeTJ1pJ1 rOp;J1He 3aTO'leHJ1K HaqJ1CTa (paaroBop nop;He).
je 6J10 jY'le no-
EnJ1CKOn je CTJ1raO y nOHep;eJbaK YBe'le Ha 6pop;y 'KpaJbJ1qa ElIJ13a6eTa',
ra, He ~a ce C HeKJ1M~alIeKO ja'lHM O~ ce6e, 60pJ1MO ca~a, Hero caMO ~a O'lYBaMO 1llTO BJ11lle p06Jba cpnCKor y )l(HBOTY ~O 60JbJ1X ~aHa J1 3a 60Jbe ~aHe.
p;a 6J1 ce, KaKO Ka)l(e, 1lleCT MeceqJ1 0P;MOpJ10. HJ1je 6J10 aa TO p;a paCnpaBJba
Kao Kpoa TYHeJI nYTyjeMO. AJIH, Moja je HenOKOJIe6ffiHBa Ha~a ~a he Bor 6JIarH onpOCTHTH HaM MHore H npeMHore rpexe Hame H ~a he Hac H3BeCTH
o CBOM J1CKYCTBYKao 3aTO'leHJ1Ka HaqJ1CTa, Koje je p;elIOM 6J11I0 J1 Y ,lJ,axay.
Ha BeJIHKY CBeTJIOCT. Y OCTaJIOM, TaKO je npopeKao CKH npopOK,
'IHja cy ce CBa npopHn;alba
H oHaj 'ImHH
KpeMaH-
~O ca~a a6HJIa H C HeBepOBaTHOM
MaTeMaTH'IKOM Ta'lHomhy HcnYHHJIa. To HHje 6HO HeKH raTap Hero npaBH BO)KjH 'IOBeK H BH3HoHap. MOJIHM Bac, Hape~HTe
BamHM JbmHMa ~a HHnomTO He ncyjy CBeTH-
o nOlIJ1TJ1qJ1 y JyroclIaBJ1jJ1,
)l(elIehJ1 p;a p;a HeKOlIJ1KO KpaTKJ1X KOMeHTapa
BJ10 je, pe'le, y J1CTJ1M6apaKaMa 60p6eHJ1
lIYTepaHCKJ1 nacTop
y KojJ1Ma ce HalIa3J10 J1 MapTJ1H HJ1MelIep,
- aHTJ1HaqJ1CTa.
'BJ1lIO je TaMO Ha CTOTJ1He 6apaKa',
peKao je 'J1 ja HJ1CaM, J13 6apaKe
KOjOj caM 6J10, Morao p;a 3HaM 1llTa ce HanOJbY p;e1llaBa. Ha1lle 6apaKe
y
6J1lIe
cy 3J1P;OMop;BojeHe op; OCTalIHX. CBaKe HohJ1 MOflIJ1 CMOp;a 'IyjeMo npelleny MY3HKY, nonYT BeToBeHoBe
J11IJ1MoqapToBe.
AlIJ1 CBaKe nOHohJ1, HlIJ1 He-
Ibe, ~a ce nOCBe~HeBHO Bory MOJIe H cBoje KpCHe CJIaBe KaKO MOry ~Y)Ke.
1llTO MallO nOClIe, 'IYlIM 6MCMOp;pyry BPCTY MY3MKe, op; 'Ma1llMHKM', Koje cy
TemKo je 6HTH npaBH 6HH:'
y6MjalIe Jbyp;e:
Cp6HH.
CaMO npaBH
'IOBeK MO)Ke 6HTH npaBH
Cp-
EnMCKon HMKolIaj je npM'IaO 0 TOMe KaKO je jep;HoM, 'IMTajyhM BM61IMjy,
IIITa ce J13 OBora BJ1~J1?
6MO YKopeH op; jep;Hor HaqMcTM'IKor o
je O
CBaKe n06e~e y paTY; BJ1~J1 ce ~a je BepoBao ~a he Bor Cp6J1Ma OnpOCTJ1TH rpexe a60r IDJ1XOBOrcTpa~alDaj BJ1~J1 ce ~a je o~ ,lJ,pa)l(e Tpa)l(J10 ~a lDerOBa BojcKa He ncyje
CBeTJ1lDe J1 ~a ClIaBH CBOjy CJIaBY, no~cehajyhJ1
ra ~a "ca-
MO npaBJ1 'IOBeK MO)l(e 6J1TJ1 npaBJ1 Cp6J1H': MOlIJ10 ra je ~a He capal)yje
C
JeBpejM M p;a je XpMCTOC 6MO JeBpejMH?' ynMTao je CTpa)l(ap. 'MO)l(eTe je 3BaTM KaKO xoheTe, alIM je ja 30BeM KIDMrOM BO)l(jOM. MO)l(eTe je op;yaeTM aKO )l(elIMTe', op;rOBopMO je enHCKon. 'He, Hehy, alIM He Tpe6a p;a je 'IHTaTe', op;rOBopMO je HaqMcTa.
244
245 EnHCKon je peKaO ~a je 6HO ~Be rO~HHe KOH
BJIap;HKa JIaBpeHTHje
aMepHqKHX Tpyna y AYCTpHjH
mTa~malbe Ca6paHHX
p;eJIa
CBeTor HHKOJIaja )J{H'IKOr
oCn060~HnH AMepHKaHQH nOCne~lber ~aHa Maja. npe TOra je npOBeO CnHqHO BpeMe y MaHaCTHpy, npeTBOpeHOM y 3aTBOp. EnHCKOn HHKonaj je peKaO: 'nOHallIalbe
H
Bna~HKa llIa6aqKH (HeKa~ 3ana~HoeBponcKH)
JIaBpeHTHje, yqHHHO je
H EaBapcKoj 6Hno je 3a CBaKY nOXBany. MHnHOHH HeMaQa y oKynHpaHHM
BeOMa MHoro 3a CBOj Hapo~ - 06jaBn.yjyhH
3eMn.aMa OqeKHBanH cy ~a 6y~y y6HjeHH HnH YTaMHHqeHH. EHnH cy ynnallIeHH Ka~ cy AMepHKaHQH CTHrnH. AnH HHje ce ~eCHnO HHllITa O~ OHOr llITO
llIhe KOMyHHcTHqKe cTpaxoBna~e. Y CBOjOjKlbH3H, JOBaH Eaj<pop~ nOKyma-
cy OqeKHBanH. npBH nYT cy BH~enH Cn060~He
n.~e
KOjH cy HM ~OHenH cno-
HHKonajeBa ~ena y ~06a Haj)l(e-
Ba ~a ~OKa)I(e KaKOcy HHKonajeBH cne~6eHHQH CBeCHOH HaMepHo~ancH
60~y YMeCTOpOnCTBa. AMepHqKe Tpyne cy )l(HBene 0 CBOMTPOllIKY, He o~y3HMajyhH HHllITa O~ HeMaQa. HHCY y6HjanH CTaHOBHHllITBO. HHCY qHHHnH
cTBope "MHT" 0 HHKonajeBoj
3no. OBaKO neno nOHallIalbe CHHOBaHOBor CBeTapa36Y~HO je ~eMOKpaTCKH ~yx y MacaMa Hapo~a H pe3YnTaTH cy 6HnH OqHTH y 3eMn.aMa Koje cy HMane
nporoHe BepHHKa y enom nHQeM.
cn060~He H360pe, KaKO ce ~eCHno npe~ MOjHM OqHMa y AYCTpHjH. MaTepHjanHo, EBpona 3aBHCH O~ OBorO~HllIlbe )l(eTBe, a )l(eTBa 3aBHCH O~ Eora.
llITa, y HHTepBjy y ~aToM qaCOnHcy "JYCTHH" (1/2006) 0 THM BpeMeHHMa Ka-
Mace n.~H Tpa)l(e ~YXOBHOBoI)CTBO. AKO ce ~YXOBHO BOI)CTBOHe nojaBH y npaBO BpeMe, He caMO Mel)y CBellITeHCTBOM,Hero H Mel)y BepyjyhHM naHQHMa, xpHllIhaHCKe Mace 6Hhe y OqajalbY ..: EnHCKon je ~o~ao ~a je 'nOqeTaK ~eMoKpaTHje y aHTH~eMOKpaTCKHM3eMn.aMa CTpax O~ aTOMCKe60M6e. ,n:BOCTPYKOqy~o aTOMCKe60M6e je y TOMe llITO ce AMepHKa Y3~p)l(aBa ~a je He npHMeHH', peKao je. EnHCKon HHKonaj je rOCT enHCKona cp6CKe enapmje ,n:HOHHcHja. nOceTHO je CA,n: 1921. H 1927. rO~HHe:'
3a CA,n: H KaHa~y,
CBeTOCTHH MyqeHHllITBY. Eaj<pop~ H lbeMY
CnHqHH npaBe ce HaHBHH, Kao ~a HHKa~ HHCY qynH 3a THTOB KOMyHH3aM H Tor TOTanHTapH3Ma CxonHBY~CKH HaCMellIeHHM
3aTo je BeOMa 6HTHO ~a ce no~ceTHMo llITa ce 3aHCTa ~ellIaBano. EBO )l(e Bna~HKa JIaBpeHTHje:
"Y
MOMe )l(HBOTY, Bna~HKa HHKonaj je o~Hrpao
BeOMa Ba)l(HY ynory.
,n:OKlbera HHcaM qHTaO, ja caM nYTao Kp03 )l(HBOT. OH je Taj KOjH Me je, Kp03 cBoja ~ena, ynYTHO Ha npaBH jeBaHl)encKH )l(HBOT.,n:OKcaM noxal)ao EorocnoBHjy, a H KacHHje, lberOBa ~ena 6Hna cy MH OMHn.eHa nHTepaTypa. MeI)YTHM, nocne oKynaQHje, Bna~HKa OB~e HHje 6HO 6allI OMHn.eHa nHqHOCT, qaK je H lberOBO HMe 6Hno 3a6palbeHo ~a ce cnOMHlbe. npoTa
MHnHcaB npOTHh H3
ryqe rO~HHaMa je 6HO lberOB capa~HHK H TOKOM t.teiUpgeceiU loguNa caKY-
IIlTa ce H3 OBor qnaHKa BH~H? ,n:aje HHKonaj, no ~onacKY y CA,n:, YKpaTKOrOBopHo 0 CBOM60paBKYY noropy, anH ~a MY je rnaBHH QHn. 6HO ~a Harna-
nn.ao je Bna~HqHHa ~ena. Beh Her~e 1939. HnH 1940. rO~HHe, nocTojana je
CHca~allIlbe ~YXOBHOCTalbe EBpone H cBeTa KojH ce CBeBHllIe y~an.aBajy o~
cnY)l(6e, anH nOllITO Bna~HKa TO HHje XTeo, npoTa MHnHcaB je Ta npHKynn.e-
H~eja ~a ce Ta Bna~HqHHa ~ena H3~ajy nOBO~OM qeTp~eCeT rO~HHa lberOBe
XpHCTa. TaKol)e, HHKonaj je onHcao H CBOj cycpeT C HeMaqKHM 0
Ha ~ena caqysao. Ka~a caM ja H3a6paH 3a BHKapHor enHCKona H nOCTaBn.eH
H pa3roBop
3a ype~HHKa JIpa8oclla8lba, npOTa MHnHcaB je 6HO Ha
0 CBeToM nHCMY. HOBHHap je 3a6ene)l(HO ~a je OH y noropy
npoBeo ~Be rO~HHe, anH TOje BepOBaTHO nno~ HOBHHapCKe Hena)l(lbe, jep je
ype.n;HHKa, na je, Kao BenHKH n.y6HTen. HHKonajeBor
Bna~HKa rOBopHO 0 TOMe KonHI
HellITO o~ Tora 06jaBHMo, KaKO 6H OCTano CaqYBaHO. TaKO CMO, no npBH
~ena, npe~nO)l(HO ~a
npBHM peqHMa HHKonajeBHM no ~onaCKY y CA,n:, r~e he OCTaTHCBe~o 6na)l(eHOr YCHyha CBora, 1956. rO~HHe.
HMeHa aYTopa, a 3aTHM CMOH3~anH H Pellulujy lbeloUle8Y.
nYT, llITaMnanH JIpOllOI,anH no~ Ha3HBOM)l(uiUuja C8eiUux H 6e3 HaBol)elba ,n:a.6HX BaM nOKa3ao KaKO je Ta~a 6Hno TellIKO 6Hno llITa llITaMnaTH, MopaM ~a BaM HCnpHqaM cne~ehy enH30~Y. Y TO BpeMe, Kao llITO caM peKao, 6HO caM BHKapHH enHCKon H ype~HHK JIpa8oclla8lba.
naTpHjapx
repMaH
je, Kao Bpno My~ap qOBeK, 6HO caCTaBHO je~aH pe~aKQHOHH 0~60p KojH je qHTaO TeKCTOBeKOjH cy Tpe6anH ~a 6~y 06jaBn.eHH y JIpa8oclla8lbY, KaKO 6H ce H36ernH np06neMH ca snacTHMa. Tpe6a ~a HMaTe Ha YMY KaKOje y TO BpeMe JIpa8oclla8lbe 6Hno je~HHH QPKBeHH nHCT, na je llITaMnaHO y THpa)l(Y o~ qeTp~eCeT H ce~aM xHn.a~a npHMepaKa. ,n:aKne, CBaKH PYKonHc KOjH je Tpe6ano ~a 6~e
06jaBn.eH Mopao je na)l(n.HBO ~a ce npOqHTa, jep nocTojana
246
247
je MoryhHOCT
.n;a qHTaB
JIHCT 6y.n;e 3a6palbeH.
KOMe ce HeKH O.n;XpBaTa
)l(aJIHO KaKO Cp6H
CBeTCKH paT, Ha UITa je rrpoTa TaO 'rra .n;OKJIe caMO Cp6H TO ja, Kao o.n;rOBopHH HaM HarrpaBH
J1BaHqeBHh
.n;a rrpaUITajy
HCTHHa: - J1 TaKO, rrpol)e .n;ol)e HeKH 6aJIaBaQ,
MH rrpe.n;a.n;e rrHCMO o.n; OKpY)l(Hor
.n;a
Ka.n;a je TO
ro.n;HHa H yrrHTa
Ja Ka)l(eM .n;ajecaM,
a OH
rpa.n;a Eeorpa.n;a.
Ka.n;a
TY)l(HOQa
Ha OCHOBY qJIaHa 0 rrOJIO)l(ajy BepCKHX 3aje.n;-
Me je r.n;e ce Taj rrpHMepaK CMelllTeH
Ha
y OBOj HCTOj c06HKa.n;
HJIH llleCHaeCT
MOpaBHqKH?'
jaBHor
HHQa H Ha OCHOBY qJIaHa 0 lllHpelbY TIHTao
H .n;pyrH .n;a rrpalllTajy!'
Ce.n;eo caM 6alll
ErrHCKorr
Y
HarrHCOM Y KOMe ce rrH-
Ha lllTO cy MH peKJIH: '3alllTO,
Taj qJIaHaK.
caM OTBOpHO, BH.n;HM orrTY)l(6e
ce Her.n;e qJIaHaK
'TIa 3ap He 6H oBaj qJIaHaK Morao
CTap MO)l(.n;a rreTHaeCT
Me: ',Ua JIH CTe BH BHKapHH
MaraQHH,
pearOBao - Tpe6a
ype.n;HHK yrrHTaM:
HeKY HerrpHjaTHOCT?:
TIojaBHo
HHKaKO .n;a HM OrrpOCTe ,UpyrH
BepCKe H HaQHOHaJIHe
IIpa80Clla8lba
y rro.n;pYMY TIaTpHjaplllHje.
HeTprreJbHBOCTH.
HaJIa3H, rra caM ra rroBeoy O.n; YKyrrHor
THpa)l(a,
THX KIbHra Me KpcTa
y 3eMJbH. Ka.n;a caM .n;olllao JIeKoBHh,
o.n;Hoce ca BepcKHM
rrYKoBHHK
a ja MY o.n;rOBopHM: 60M6y
'MeHH
cy rroTpe6He!
CMO oCHrypaHH
He rrOMa)l(y, 3Halll
.n;a 3arnaBHlll. 'Eo)l(e
TH 3Halll
HHje HHTepeCOBao.
MOJIHTBeHHK, jep lllTa cy.n;pyro
OCTaJIH rrpHMepQH
HHje 3aBplllHo, BHllle
qaK HH ca 3arrHCHBalbeM
o.n; CTO rrpHMepaKa.
jeBHMa
HlllJIa
- .n;Olllao je y ocaM yjYTPY,
o.n; Kyhe
6poj,.n;a
ETO, TaKBa cy TO BpeMeHa
H AycTpaJIHje:
Ja caM BehHHY
3a3H.n;aH H3a opMapa
y MOjoj
BpeMeHa
C06H
.n;eJIa
Ka)l(e MHje
(TO 3Ha caMO MOj HajcTapHjH
CHH), je.n;aH ce HaJIa3H Ha 3BOHHKY U;pKBe y MHpHjeBY, je y MaHaCTHpy ByjHY; cy OCTaJIH: / .. ./
3arra.n;Ho-
Je.n;aH rrpHMepaK
a TpehH
rra, aKO 6H je.n;aH KOMrrJIeT H YHHlllTHJIH,
cepTaQHje
cy HaM rrOMornH cy 06jaBJbeHe
HeMQH.
3HaTe, .n;BeHHKOJIajeBe
Ha HeMaqKOM.
HeMQH,
cTy.n;eHTH BeOMa cy .n;06po 3HaJIH KO je HHKOJIaj H3 rreTHHX )l(HJIa H Y3 BeJIHKe Harrope JIH corrCTBeHY lllTaMrrapHjy. Y6p30
3aTHM MeHH MHJIHCaB
H3HOCHM, 60jHM lllTHTH;
Hehe MY HHKO 3a6paHHTH,
HapOqHTO
HeMaQa,
ce TO pacTypa
H
3arreJIH CMO
rrpBO CMO HarrpaBH-
rrOMaJIO MaTepHjaJIa,
a ja
he MH HahH rra he MH YHH-
MH rrpBe TPH KIbHre:
H Becege flog fOpOM. TIocJIe y HOBHHaMa
OXpUgCKu
rrpOqHTaM,
rrOCJIOBe, HHKa.n;a
.n;alllTaMrraMO
OMulluje H OXpUgCKU IIpOllOi Hero MOJIHTBe-
MojHM
CBelllTeHHQHMa
H BepHHQHMa
rrpHqaM
y U;PKBY .n;aH.n;e, .n;a ce Eory
a KO Hehe, OH he HahH CTOTHHe pa3JIOra.
KaKO
.n;a
MOJIH,
Ka.n;a 6HX
OXpUgCKU IIpOllOi, C
OB.n;e.MH TO, YOCTaJIOM, H HHCMO lllTaMrraJIH
- a PYKY Ha cPQe, HapaBHO .n;ajecMo TaKO caM ja H .n;aJbe KpHlllOM HOBHHa HHcaM
ca3Hao
lllTaMrraJIH
HajBHllle
.n;a
.n;ace qHTa OB.n;e' 3a oTaI,I6HHY·
Ta .n;eJIa H3HOCHO H3 3eMJbe, .n;OKje.n;HOM H3
.n;aje YMPO rrpoTa
MHJIHCaB.
CMeCTa
caM .n;OJIeTeO y
3eMJbY - KO.n;po.n;6HHe je rrpOTa OCTaBHO rrHCMO 3a MeHe, .n;Ba.n;aHa rrpe.n; CMPT, lllTa
rrOlllaJbeM
H KaKO .n;aJbe. MeI)YTHM,
HHKaKO .n;aHal)eMo
rrOlllTOM,
Koja je TaMO oCHrypaHa
je .n;aKJIe .n;y)l(Ha .n;a Ha.n;OKHa.n;H TpOlllKOBe
lllTO .n;oro.n;H. HapaBHO,
H3BaH Cp6Hje
J1rraK, Ka.n;a je rroqeo 'Jby6HqHQe' Ta.n;allllbeM
.n;a
Ha rreT CPYUTH.
aKO ce ca rrOlllHJbKOM
.n;a ce rrOMaJIO rrp06Hjajy,
MHHHCTPy Bepa ,UparojJIOBHhy
He-
H yrrHTao
cHcTeMa,
a rrpBe
06paTHO
caM ce
ra '.n;aJIH Ha HeKH HaqHH
BJIa.n;HKHHa .n;eJIa?' OH HaM je o.n;rOBopHO KaKO HHlllTa
MO)l(e.n;a HaM rroMorue,
Ka-
cy CBH .n;06HJIH, a OB.n;eHHKO.
.n;a ce OTarra JIe.n;je.n;HorrapTHjcKor
.n;eMOKpaTHje rroqeJIe
.n;HHa. ,UoTepaMo
HaqHHa
y 3eMJbY, CBe .n;OKMe y JIOH.n;OHY HHCY rrocaBeTOBaJIH
rrperropyqeHoM
MO)l(eMO .n;ayueceMo
rrOqHe .n;a lllaJbe
TaKO, 06jaBHMo
peJIHrH03HH
Ka)l(eM:
6H Me rrHTaJIH, r.n;e MH je Ta cJI06o.n;a? MH KOjH TaMO )l(HBHMO xohe-
KO .n;a.n;eJIayueceMO
.n;a3HaTe r.n;e
TH
H 3aTBOp
3JIa y IbHMa. 3ap BH
3eMJbH Ha cBeTY, 3a6paHHTe
MH OB.n;e HMaMO BepCKe cJI060.n;e, KO xohe
ca yrrYTCTBHMa
rrpHMepaK
.n;OKTopCKe .n;H-
BeJIHMHpoBHh.
ce.n;a rrOHeceM CBe, Ha rpaHHQH
Hero MaJIO-rrOMaJIO.
IIpOllOi, OMulluje
H rroMoh
.n;a,y HajcJI060.n;HHjoj
HHK? ,UeceT ro.n;HHa Mel)y
TIolllTa MHoro
rnaBoM,
MO .n;aKOpHCTHMO 6JIaro.n;aTH Te cJI060.n;e, a BH MO)l(eTe caMO .n;a3a6paHHTe
MHJIH-
.n;alllTaMrraMO
y rro TPH rrpHMepKa',
CBe H YHHlllTHJIH.
crraBahoj
rrpoTa
3a ErrHcKorra
.n;arrp06aMo
caKyrrHo
JIHCaB - '.n;a MH He 6H OBH 3arrJIeHHJIH
OH je rne.n;ao Y3BHllleHe
rrpaBOM
HeKor
je.n;a he H
6HO Hapo.n;HH HerrpHjaTeJb!'
CKOqHJIa QeHa, Tpa)l(HJIH
ro.n;HHe H3a6paH
',Uaj, JIaBpeHTMje,
.n;a ce Hrpalll
ca.n; ja IbHMa TaMO peKao .n;aMH BH He .n;aTe .n;alllTaMrraM
cy
H CJIHqHO
TIpeTHo
3aKOHCKH, MO)l(elll
a y .n;pyrHM MeCTHMa HHKO
BH.n;HMO lllTa je y lbeMY HarrHcaHo?'
6HJIa. TIocJIe
1969.
caB MeHH Ka)l(e, Ka.n;a caM ja
BJIa.n;HKe HHKOJIaja.
H 3arrJIelbHBaJIa,
je rrOCJIe .n;eceTocTpYKO
Jby.n;H: T.n;e je oHaj 3a6palbeHH
eBporrcKor
a.n;peca Ha Koje je o.n;je.n;HOM rrOCJIaTO
TIocJIe CMO qYJIH KaKO je rrOJIHQHja y HeKHM Kpa-
.n;o Kyhe
HHje .n;OJIa3Ho. TOM 6pojy
a HH .n;o .n;Ba rro rro.n;He
HHKOJIaja,
Ka.n;a je BH.n;eo .n;a rrpeTlbe
'HeMoj
HHje Harra.n;ao Jby.n;e HJIH 3aje.n;HHQe, Hero je 6HO rrpoTHB HaMa xoheTe
OTHlllJIH
lllTaMrraM
.n;aHac rroTpe6He
Ja HX qHTaM!'
.n;ao.n;rOBapalll
.n;a je HHKOJIaj
- CBe je Beh 6HJIO rrOCJIaTO. HaKOH r.n;e cy CBe
rr030Be
CaqYBaj! HHKOJIaj je 6HO BeJIHKH MHCJIHJIaQ, H Ibera oBaj CHTHH rrapTH-
rroqeo
je .n;ace pacrrHTyje
pacTypalba
Ha lllTa caM MY o.n;rOBopHO .n;aHeMa Be3e,
MO)l(elll
lllTO je 3aTeqeHe
rrJIoM6Hpao,
Me je 3alllTO
HaCTaBHO je ca y6el)HBalbeM:
.n;aje TO Ka)l(IbHBO,
3a6paHY
KOjH je 6HO Ha.n;JIe)l(aH 3a
Ha .n;Ba MHJIHOHa MapaKa.
je CBera HeKOJIHKO CTOTHHa rrpHMepaKa rrpHMepKe
TIHTao
Y,UEE,
KOMe cy Te KIbHre
.n;aHaM 6aQH y lllTaMrrapHjy,
rrOlllTO
06jaBHJIa
Ha je.n;Ho 3ace.n;albe Ca60pa,
Ta.n;allllbe
3aje.n;HHQaMa.
OH je .n;p)l(aBHH HerrpHjaTeJb,
3aHCKH rrocao
OCTaJIO
y CllY:J/C6eHoMlluciUy
je BJIa.n;a JyroCJIaBHje,
aJIH.n;a rrp06aMO,
rra KaKO 6y.n;e. / .. ./ EHJIa je
1989.
He ro-
MH Ha QapHHY qHTaBHX g8ageceiU iUOHa K1buia, KaMHOHOM
cpHpMe 'IlIrre.n;HQHja
- EyrojHO'.
MYCJIHMaH, a je.n;aH XpBaT,
,Ua CBe 6y.n;e HHTepecaHTHHje
B03aqH
BpJIO qeCTHTH Jby.n;H, qaK cy HaM rrOMaraJIH
- je.n;aH H OKO
249
248
YTOBapa. qeKaJIH
CMO Ha u;apHHH y Beorpa).l;y
0).1;jYTpa
YMECTO 3AKJbYQKA
).1;0TPH CaTa rrorrO).l;He,
a HHKO He CMe ).I;aHac u;apHHH. Ao1)e je).l;aH qOBeK H Ka)I(e MH: 'BJIa).l;HKO, HHKO He CMe ).I;aBac u;apHHH. rrOBe. Moja
cyrrpyra
M TaKO cy rrOCJIaJIH MeHe, Ka)l(y, TH rr03HajeIlI
Bac rr03Haje
H3 HeMaqKe,
BHJIa je YAaTa 3a je).l;HOr HeyporrCHxHjaTpa, cHHje cy ce OHH pa3BeJIH, rrpHqaJIa
H3 MaHaCTHpa
HeKor
PaKHha
Te rro-
illTa je CBeTH HHKOJIaj CpnCKH
XHMeJICTHpa.
rOBOpHO 0 CBOjHM HenpHjaTeJbHMa?
y XOJIaH).I;HjH, Ka-
rra ce OHa rrpeY).l;aJIa 3a MeHe, H CBe MH je HajJIerrIlIe
I
0 BaMa:
"BJIarOCJIOBH
TaKo CMO MH Te KIbHre ).I;OTepaJIH y Cp6Hjy. MO ).I;Ba).l;eCeTTOHa KIbHra, ITaTpHjapIlIHje.
CJIY)l(6eHHK
rro).l; KaTaHu;eM
ca u;apHHe je CBe TO rrorrHcao
H HHKaKO He pacTypaMo,
aJIH HHje HMaJIO r).l;e. KIbHre CBaKO je Morao
HHCMO HMaJIH r).l;e ).I;aCMeCTH-
je).l;HOCTaBHO CMO HX HCTOBapHJIH
y XO).l;HHU;HMa
H peKao ).I;aqYBaMO
).I;OKHe CTHrHe O).l;JIYKa ca u;apHHe,
cy TaKO cTajaJIe
Ha OTBopeHOM
I
I
I
).I;aY3Me IlITa rrO)l(eJIH - TaKO je BJIa).l;HKa HHKOJIaj
rroqeo
orreT
Moje, focrro).l;e.
M ja HX 6JIarOCHJbaM H He KY-
HeM ... OHH cy MeCTO MeHe HcrrOBe).l;HJIH rpexe IlIH6aJIH,
Ka).l; caM ce ja YCTe3ao IlIH6aTH
).I;a,Ka).l;a caM 6e)l(ao
Moje rrpe).l; CBeTOM. OHH cy Me
ce6e caMor.
OHH cy Me MyqHJIH
Moje,
rrpaBHO MYApHM,
OH-
0).1;MYKa. OHH cy Me PY)l(HJIH OH).I;a, Ka).l; caM ja caM ce6H
JIaCKao. OHH cy Me rrJbYBaJIH OH).I;a,Ka).l; caM ce ja rop).l;HO C060M. HerrpHjaTeJbe
rro XO).l;HHU;HMa,
HerrpHjaTeJbe
focrro).l;e,
H ja HX 6JIarOCHJbaM
BJIarOCJIOBH
H He KYHeM. Ka).l; caM ce ja
OHH cy Me Ha3HBaJIH JIY).l;HM. Ka).l; caM ce rrpaBHO MohHHM,
f
).I;aYJIa3H y HapO).l;, a ).I;OBOJbHOje OCTaJIO ).I;arrO).l;HrHeMO H MaHaCTHp HHKOJIajy
y COKOJIY. /oo.! IToCJIe H3BeCHor
KOBHHK YABE,
BpeMeHa
Kao ).I;aJIH 6H MH TaMO y HaIlIoj
30Be MeHe HCTH oHaj rry-
IlITaMrrapHjH
OHH cy MH ce cMejaJIH
CBeTOM
y XHMeJICTHpy
Kao Kerreu;y. Ka).l; caM XTeo BO).l;HTH JbY).l;e,OHH cy Me ry-
r
paJIH y rr03a).l;HHY.oo P06 KYHe HerrpHjaTeJbe,
I
jep 3Ha. Jep 3Ha CHH ).I;a MY ce HerrpHjaTeJbH
jep He 3Ha. A CHH HX 6JIarOCHJba, He MOry ).I;oTahH )l(HBOTa.
3aTO
I
IlITaMrraJIH
HeKe cKyrrJbeHe
pajeBcKoM
OCllo6o~e1bY, 0 KpYHOCJIaBY AparaHoBHhy
fJIaBHHX
YCTaIlIa
tlJIaHKe KOjH cy IlITaMrraJIH
y BOCHH, KOjH je ITaBeJIHha
TaKBa rrOJIHTHKa 6HJIa, ).I;a cy HaIlIe,
qeTHHKe
).I;03BOJIHJIH ).I;a ce BpaTH y JyroCJIaBHjy Kyrrpecy.
OBa ).I;Ba rrYKoBHHKa
U;HMa 06jaBJbHBaJIH,
YocTaJIOM,
H OCTaJIe y6HjaJIH,
06jaBe.
Hero je TaKO H ocehao,
3a YBpe).l;HOu;e cBoje
H 3a CBe KOjH cy ra Mp3eJIH
)l(yrry
Y
H TO Y HaCTaBITHTao
caM ra:
).I;a6aU;HTe Ha HaIlIY H TaKO ra
OB).I;eH3 KOMIlIHJIYKa,
Te6H TO Tpe6a:
Tpe6a
H KOMHqHHX TaBHH,
cu;eHa. XBaJIH
MH ce
Ka)l(e HMa je).l;aH HaIlI qOBeK M ).I;OHece MH je).l;Hor ).I;aHa
OBO caM 3arrJIeHHO 0).1;je).l;Hora qOBeKa, 3Hao caM ).I;a
).I;a3HaTe ).I;aHac je IlITaMrralbe
je).l;He KIbHre
KOIlITaJIO
MapaKa!"
ETO KaKO ce rrpaBHo YABE,
y MaHacTHpy
pa).l;H Ha u;apHHH y XoproIlIY.
OMulluje, rra peqe: 'MaTH,
38.000
y CTpaxy
"MHT"
0 HHKOJIajy
).I;aJIH he ce yorrIlITe
).I;a ce ).I;eJIaIlITaMrrajy.
YABA
ce rrpHrrpeMajy
HHKOJIajeBa
YHHBep3HTeTa
y <1>paj6ypry,
Bajq,op).l;,
H3 jaBHor
1940,
H rrpHqa
rrpeTH
ycrreTH, 6au;albeM
rrpeTlbaMa
).I;aJIH he 6HTH ).I;OBOJbHOHOBu;a 60M6e
).I;eJIa, a ).I;eJIaXaj).l;erepa,
y IlITaMrrapHjy
y Kojoj
HaU;HCTHqKOr
peKTopa
HaHJIa3e Ha O).l;yrneBJbeH rrpHjeM ... M rrOCJIe ).I;o1)e
0 Cp6CKHM rrpaBOCJIaBHHM
MJIHh, KOMe je KpCTa
- rro).l; HerrpecTaHHM
JIeKoBHh
6HO KOJIera"y
MHTOBHMa ... A ceKYH).I;Hpa MY CTPyI.J;H".
)l(HBOTa. Y ,,)KHqKOM
HaIlIer
errHCKorra,
pe).l;aKU;HjH qJIaHKe
06ecHa)I(yjy
H H3Hoce
)l(aJIHMO
6JIarOBeCHHKY':
HeKH CBeIlITeHHU;H
ce cKpHBeHH
06jaBJbeHOM
HH, aKO HKa).l; TO HapOqHTO HH cHary
MopaMO
HHKOJIajeM,
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AnMynH, JallIa: :>KHBHH MPTBH,H3A. C. MallIHh, BeorpaA 2004. Baj<popA, JOBaH:IIOTHcKHBalbe H nopHu;albe aHTHceMHT3Ma/ Ceoalbe Ha BnaAHKY HHKonaja BenHMHpoBHoa y caBpeMeHoj cpncKoj npaBocnaBHoj KymyPH, XenCHulliKH OA60p3a JbYACKanpaBa y Cp6HjH, BeorpaA 2005.
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UeTHlbe 2000.
,
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BOjHO, MHpKO: JyrocnoBeHcKH HapOAHR.nOKpeT,,360p"', 1935-1945/ THqKH npHna3, HapoAHa KIbHra - An<pa, BeorpaA1996. "
JeAaHKPH-
BajKapT, AP PHxapA: OA ,lJ;apBHHaAOXHTnepa / EBonYU;HoHaeTHKa, eyreHHKa H pacH3aM y HeMaqKoj, cr - BHnH, BeorpaA 2005. Veith, Gene Edward, Jr.: Modern Fascism, Liquidating the Judeo-Christian World view, SPH, Saint Louis, 1993. BnaAHKa HHKonaj, AaHac H OBAe,"KIbH:>KeBl:IeHoiHme" 1048-1049,2001-2002. ,lJ;HMHTpHjeBHo,BnaAHMHp: HajBeoH Cp6HH nocne CBeTOr CaBe / KIbHra 0 BnaAHKH HHKonajy, JIereHAil,qa'laK 2006 .. :>KHBOjHHoBHO,,lJ;paroJby6:CIIU HHoBa BnaCT1944-1950,XpHllIoaHcKa MHcao, Cp6Hlbe - BeorpaA - BaJbeBO,MHu:x:ea 1998. 3naToycTH nponoBe,I(HHK BacKpcnora XpHcTa (npHp: B. ,lJ;HMHTpHjeBHo,r. BeJbKOBHO),,lJ;YXOBHH nyr, KparyjeBau;2003. J1nHh, IIpeApar: CpncKa IIpaBocnaBHa UpKBa H TajHa .naxaya, H3Aalbe aYTopa, BeorpaA 2006 .. JaHHo, 1)op1)e: XaJ,mja BeqHOCTH,XpacT, BeorpaA, 1994. JaaKoBHo, MHnaH .n.: EnHcKon HHKOJIaj BenHlvlHpbBHO ~ :>KHBOT,MHcao H Aeno
I - III,
EnapxHja llIa6aqKO-BaJbeBCKa,2001'"-2002. JaxH, XapYH: CTpaxoTe Kojeje AapBHHH3aMAoaeo qOBeqaHcTBY,UIIC, BeorpaA 2002. JOCHKeHH:,lJ;0 "KOHa'iaOr pellielba" 2002.
/ JeBpejH y Cp6HjH, qHroja,
BeorpaA
JIycTH:>Ke,:>KaHMapH: BO:>KjHH36op, Jen - MHn, qa'laK, 2003. MajMoHHA (rpaAau; 116/117), qa'laK 1995. HHKonaj, BnaAHKa: Bory H 0 JbYAHMa,BaJbeBau;- KIbH:>KeBHa3ajeAHHu;a, BaJbeBO- HOBH CaA 1993.
0
HHKonHo, KOCTa: HeMa'iKH paTHH nnaKaT y Cp6HjH 1941-1944, BOHapT, HOBa IIa30Ba, 2000.
•
252 Hoj6axep, XepMaH: CrreQHjaJIHH 3aAaTaK: BaJIKaH, CJIY)f(6eHH JIHCTCQf, BeorpaA 2004.
Cap;p)Kaj
TIaJIaBeCTpa, TIpeApar: JeBpejcKH rrHCQHY cprrcKoj KlbH)f(eBHOCTH.J1HCTHTYT3a KlbH)f(eBHOCTH YMeTHocT, BeorpaA 1998. Pool, James
& Suzanne:
Tko je financirao
Hitlera,
Globus, Zagreb
Pe'lHHK cprrcKoxpBaTcKor KlbH)f(eBHOr je3HKa, HOBH CaA - BeorpaA, CaMapJ,mn, MHJIOCJIaB: CapaAlba rrapTH3aHa ca HeMQHMa, ycnmaMa QHMa, TIorneAH, KparyjeBaQ, 2006.
1969. H AJI6aH-
CB. BJIaAHKa OXPHAcKH H )l{H'IKH HHKOJIaj (rrpHp. errHCKorr ATaHacHje JeBTHn, ErrapxHja )l{H'IKa H MaHacTHp )l{H'Ia, 2003). CBenQ!
/ CBjeAo'laHcTBa 0 BJIa)f(eHHKY,fJIac KOHQHJIa,3arpe6,
CHMHn, CHMa: TIpeKpmnBalbe BOATHTorpaA 1958.
Cp6a 3a BpeMe II CBeTCKor pan,
1999. fpa
CJIHjerr'leBHn, ,ll;p 1)oKO: JyroCJIaBHja Y0'lH H 3a BpeMe II CBeTcKor pan, MHHxeH, 1978.
J1cKpa,
COKOJIOB,E. B.: KYJITypOJIOrHja / OrneAH H3 TeopHja 0 KYJITypH, TIpocBeTa, BeorpaA 2001.
o CaAp)f(ajy C8. HU1wllaj )l(U~KU: TIATPJ1JAPX fABPJ1JIO
Cy6oTHn, AP ,ll;paraH: CprrcKa AeCHHn;a Y 20. BeKY/ OrneA 0 rrOJIHTH'IKoj
& Rise
of Hitler, Bloomfield
Books, 1976.
Tpy6en;Koj, HHKOJIaj: EBporra H 'IOBe'laHCTBO, JIoroc, BeorpaA 2001. XerreJI, AP MjypHeJI: I,IopJ,I BeJI H HHKOJIaj BeJIHMHpOBHn - rrpH'Ia 0 jeAHoM rrpHjaTeJbCTBY,CBeTHropa, QeTHlbe 2003.
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Cy6oTHh, ,ll;paraH: ErrHcKorr HHKOJIaj H rrpaBOCJIaBHH60rOMOJba'lKH rroKpeT, HoBa J1cKpa, BeorpaA 1996.
Sutton, Antony
5 6
3amTO OBa KlbHra?
1981.
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