King Henry VI

KING HENRY VI, PART II Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation...

Author: William Shakespeare

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KING HENRY VI, PART II Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

William Shakespeare

PSAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE, AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

King Henry VI, Part II Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation

William Shakespeare

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved.

ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com King Henry VI, Part II: Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25346-1

iii

Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1 PERSONS REPRESENTED ................................................................................................ 3 ACT I ................................................................................................................................ 5 ACT II ............................................................................................................................. 35 ACT IV ............................................................................................................................ 97 ACT V ........................................................................................................................... 133 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 151

William Shakespeare

1

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Designed for school districts, educators, and students seeking to maximize performance on standardized tests, Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of King Henry VI, Part II by William Shakespeare was edited for students who are actively building their vocabularies in anticipation of taking PSAT®, SAT®, AP® (Advanced Placement®), GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT® or similar examinations.1 Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of synonyms and antonyms for difficult and often ambiguous English words that are encountered in other works of literature, conversation, or academic examinations. Extremely rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority in the notes compared to words which are “difficult, and often encountered” in examinations. Rather than supply a single synonym, many are provided for a variety of meanings, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of the English language, and avoid using the notes as a pure crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not noted on a page, chances are that it has been highlighted on a previous page. A more complete thesaurus is supplied at the end of the book; Synonyms and antonyms are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this product. All rights reserved. 1

William Shakespeare

3

PERSONS REPRESENTED KING HENRY THE SIXTH.% HUMPHREY, Duke of Gloster, his uncle. CARDINAL BEAUFORT, Bishop of Winchester, great-uncle to the King. RICHARD PLANTAGENET, Duke of York. EDWARD and RICHARD, his sons. DUKE OF SOMERSET. DUKE OF SUFFOLK. DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM. LORD CLIFFORD. YOUNG CLIFFORD, his son. EARL OF SALISBURY. EARL OF WARWICK. LORD SCALES. LORD SAY. SIR HUMPHREY STAFFORD, and WILLIAM STAFFORD, his brother. SIR JOHN STANLEY. VAUX. MATTHEW GOFFE. A

SEA-CAPTAIN, WHITMORE.

MASTER,

and

MASTER'S-MATE,

and

WALTER

TWO GENTLEMEN, prisoners with Suffolk.

Thesaurus brother: (n) fellow, blood brother, associate, counterpart, crony, comrade, buddy, peer, chum, sidekick, monk. ANTONYMS: (n) enemy, opposer, opponent. cardinal: (adj) capital, fundamental, central, main, key, chief, primal; (adj, n) paramount, essential, vital, radical. ANTONYMS: (adj) secondary, inessential, insignificant, minor, ordinal, unimportant. duke: (n) lord, prince, hand,

nobleman, fist, chief; (v) pass, box, deliver. earl: (n) baron, jarl, peer, thane, viscount, banneret, chief, lord. edward: (n) prince Edward, Black Prince. lord: (n) chief, king, noble, sir, duke, master, God, seignior, nobility, Mister, potentate. ANTONYM: (n) lady. matthew: (n) St Matthew the apostle, saint Matthew, Levi, gospel

according to Matthew, St Matthew. uncle: (n) father's younger brother, elder uncle, father's older brother, father's sister's husband, husband of paternal aunt, maternal uncle, niece, benefactor, EME, helper, kinsman. young: (n, v) offspring; (adj, n) juvenile; (adj) immature, fresh, adolescent, new, raw, baby, childish, early; (n) progeny. ANTONYMS: (adj) old, mature, adult, ripe, older, late; (adj, n) aged.

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King Henry VI, Part II

JOHN HUME,

}

JOHN SOUTHWELL,

Priests

ROGER BOLINGBROKE, a conjurer.% THOMAS HORNER, an armourer. PETER, his man. CLERK OF CHATHAM. MAYOR OF SAINT ALBAN’S. SIMPCOX, an impostor. ALEXANDER IDEN, a Kentish gentleman. JACK CADE, a rebel. GEORGE BEVIS, JOHN HOLLAND, DICK the butcher, SMITH the weaver, MICHAEL,

}

followers of Cade

TWO MURDERERS. MARGARET, Queen to King Henry. ELEANOR, Duchess of Gloster. MARGARET JOURDAIN, a witch. WIFE to Simpcox. LORDS, LADIES, and ATTENDANTS, PETITIONERS, ALDERMEN, HERALD, a BEADLE, SHERIFF, and OFFICERS, CITIZENS, PRENTICES,

a

FALCONERS, GUARDS, SOLDIERS, MESSENGERS, etc. A SPIRIT.

Thesaurus alexander: (n) Alexanders, horse parsley, black lovage. armourer: (n) maker, manufacturer, artificer. butcher: (v) slaughter, kill, murder, slay; (n, v) massacre, botch; (n) assassin, bungler, slaughterer, meatman, murderer. ANTONYMS: (v) develop, create, grow, build. clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary, transcriber; (n) servant, shop assistant, salesclerk, employee,

accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener, mutineer; (n) traitor, insurrectionist, anarchist. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) scribe. impostor: (n) fraud, cheat, hypocrite, conformist; (n) stalwart; (adj) compliant, content, obedient; (v) fake, imposter, sham, charlatan, deceiver, faker, cheater, pretender. agree, obey. mayor: (n) provost, mayoress, city weaver: (n) avadavat, Baya, ricebird, manager, politician, mayoralty, amadavat, oscine, weaver finch, official, civil authority, administrator; tissue, texture, textile fabric, (adj) major. weaverbird, oscine bird. rebel: (v) mutiny, disobey, arise; (adj, witch: (n) hag, pythoness, sorceress, n) nonconformist, insurgent; (adj, n, enchantress, magician, lamia; (v) v) renegade; (n, v) revolt; (adj) charm, bewitch, glamour, hex, jinx.

William Shakespeare

ACT

5

%I

SCENE I. LONDON. THE PALACE [Flourish of trumpets: then hautboys. Enter the KING, GLOSTER, SALISBURY, WARWICK, and CARDINAL BEAUFORT, on the one side; the QUEEN, SUFFOLK, YORK, SOMERSET, and BUCKINGHAM, on the other.] SUFFOLK. As by your high imperial Majesty I had in charge at my depart for France, As procurator to your excellence, To marry Princess Margaret for your grace, So, in the famous ancient city Tours, In presence of the Kings of France and Sicil, The Dukes of Orleans, Calaber, Bretagne, and Alencon, Seven earls, twelve barons, and twenty reverend bishops, I have perform'd my task and was espous'd, And humbly now upon my bended knee, In sight of England and her lordly peers, Deliver up my title in the queen To your most gracious hands, that are the substance

Thesaurus bended: (adj) bent, bowed. depart: (v) go, deviate, decease, diverge, start, stray, wander, leave, die, vary, part. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, arrive, enter, come, abide, conform, continue, remain, appear, converge, return. gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good, courteous, compassionate, kind, accommodating, civil; (adj, n) benevolent, congenial, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious,

boorish, discourteous, reserved, rude, abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted, harsh, poor. humbly: (adv) lowly, meanly, modestly, submissively, low, shyly, lowlily, naturally, regretfully, remorsefully, repentantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) conceitedly, haughtily, pompously, ostentatiously, unrepentantly, affluently, brashly, pretentiously. lordly: (adj, v) dignified, proud, noble;

(adj) haughty, grand, August, domineering, disdainful, arrogant, imperious, lofty. ANTONYM: (adj) humble. procurator: (n) agent, proxy, assignee, attorney, substitute, lawyer, deputy, vicegerent, placeholder, bureaucrat, administrative official. trumpets: (n) Sarracenia flava, yellow pitcher plant, pitcher plant, yellow trumpet.

6

King Henry VI, Part II

Of that great shadow I did represent: The happiest gift that ever marquess gave, The fairest queen that ever king receiv'd.% KING. Suffolk, arise.--Welcome, Queen Margaret. I can express no kinder sign of love Than this kind kiss.--O Lord, that lends me life, Lend me a heart replete with thankfulness! For thou hast given me in this beauteous face A world of earthly blessings to my soul, If sympathy of love unite our thoughts. QUEEN. Great King of England and my gracious lord, The mutual conference that my mind hath had, By day, by night, waking and in my dreams, In courtly company or at my beads, With you, mine alder-liefest sovereign, Makes me the bolder to salute my king With ruder terms, such as my wit affords And over-joy of heart doth minister. KING. Her sight did ravish, but her grace in speech, Her words yclad with wisdom's majesty, Makes me from wondering fall to weeping joys; Such is the fulness of my heart's content.-Lords, with one cheerful voice welcome my love. ALL. [Kneeling] Long live Queen Margaret, England's happiness! QUEEN. We thank you all.

Thesaurus beauteous: (adj) pretty, lovely, fair, secular, terrene, temporal, telluric, sublunary. ANTONYMS: (adj) comely, good-looking, handsome, stunning. spiritual, divine, ethereal, immortal, blessings: (n) blessing, godsend. impossible, improbable, courtly: (adj) civil, stately, polite, inconceivable, celestial. elegant, gallant, dignified, respectful, fulness: (n) fullness, entirety, noble, formal; (adj, n) refined; (adv) completeness, totality. wooly. ANTONYMS: (adj) boorish, marquess: (n) noble, peer, nobleman, rude, unrefined, unpolished, uncivil, don marquis, Donald Robert perry churlish, impolite, rough. marquis, lord. earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj) carnal, ravish: (v) charm, enrapture, rape, worldly, conceivable, human, geotic, violate, delight, captivate, defile,

deflower, force, transport, enchant. ANTONYM: (v) disenchant. replete: (adj) fraught, profuse, excessive, inordinate, exuberant, overmuch, satisfied; (v) fill, take, satiate, cloy. ANTONYM: (adj) hungry. salute: (v) greet, hail, kiss, accost, acknowledge, buss; (n) salutation, bow, salaam; (n, v) address, compliment.

William Shakespeare

7

[Flourish.] SUFFOLK. My Lord Protector, so it please your grace, Here are the articles of contracted peace Between our sovereign and the French king Charles, For eighteen months concluded by consent.% GLOSTER. [Reads] 'Imprimis, It is agreed between the French king Charles and William de la Pole, Marquess of Suffolk, ambassador for Henry King of England, that the said Henry shall espouse the Lady Margaret, daughter unto Reignier King of Naples, Sicilia, and Jerusalem, and crown her Queen of England ere the thirtieth of May next ensuing. Item, that the duchy of Anjou and the county of Maine shall be released and delivered to the king her father'-[Lets the paper fall.] KING. Uncle, how now! GLOSTER. Pardon me, gracious lord; Some sudden qualm hath struck me at the heart And dimm'd mine eyes, that I can read no further. KING. Uncle of Winchester, I pray, read on. CARDINAL. [Reads] 'Item, It is further agreed between them, that the duchies of Anjou and Maine shall be released and delivered over to the king her father, and she sent over of the King of England's own proper cost and charges, without having any dowry.'

Thesaurus ambassador: (n) emissary, minister, messenger, envoy, agent, delegate, representative, embassador, herald, ambassadress, deputy. charges: (n) expenditure, dues. contracted: (adj) insular, contract, constricted, tight, bound, close, narrow-minded, confined, brief; (v) shrunk; (adj, v) selfish. ANTONYM: (adj) expanded. duchy: (n) land, principality, domain, demesne.

ensuing: (adj) following, consequent, succeeding, later, subsequent, next, successive, resulting, consequential, ensue, posterior. ANTONYMS: (adj) antecedent, earlier, prior, preliminary. espouse: (n, v) wed; (v) embrace, sustain, defend, marry, advocate, accept, take up, assume, back, betroth. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, oppose, repudiate, spurn, desert, abandon, divorce, detract.

qualm: (n) misgiving, doubt, nausea, distrust, compunction, uncertainty, regret, hesitation, apprehension, fear; (adj, n) suspicion. sovereign: (n) ruler, king, lord, emperor; (adj) independent, autonomous, imperial, royal, free, regal; (adj, n) prince. ANTONYMS: (adj) dependent, ineffective, useless. unto: (prep, v) to, till, up to; (prep) towards, before.

8

King Henry VI, Part II

KING. They please us well.--Lord marquess, kneel down. We here create thee the first duke of Suffolk, And girt thee with the sword.--Cousin of York, We here discharge your grace from being regent I' the parts of France, till term of eighteen months Be full expir'd.--Thanks, uncle Winchester, Gloster, York, Buckingham, Somerset, Salisbury, and Warwick; We thank you all for this great favour done In entertainment to my princely queen. Come, let us in, and with all speed provide To see her coronation be perform'd.% [Exeunt KING, QUEEN, and SUFFOLK.] GLOSTER. Brave peers of England, pillars of the state, To you Duke Humphrey must unload his grief, Your grief, the common grief of all the land. What! did my brother Henry spend his youth, His valour, coin, and people, in the wars? Did he so often lodge in open field, In winter's cold and summer's parching heat, To conquer France, his true inheritance? And did my brother Bedford toil his wits To keep by policy what Henry got? Have you yourselves, Somerset, Buckingham, Brave York, Salisbury, and victorious Warwick, Receiv'd deep scars in France and Normandy? Or hath mine uncle Beaufort and myself, With all the learned counsel of the realm, Studied so long, sat in the council-house

Thesaurus conquer: (n, v) capture; (v) subdue, vanquish, surmount, suppress, subjugate, overcome, overpower, quell, prevail; (adj, v) defeat. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, yield, succumb, retreat, forfeit, fall, bow, resist, fail, submit, incite. girt: (n, v) girth, girdle; (v) gird, begird, encircle, environ; (n) band, belt, zone, cingle; (adj) braced. kneel: (v) genuflect, cringe, stoop, bob, cry for quarter, dip, duck, humble

oneself; (n) kneeling, knee, ANTONYMS: (n) pastime, entertainment, fun, relaxation; (v) movement. parching: (adj) torrid, hot, parched. laze, neglect. princely: (adj, v) August, grand, great, unload: (v) discharge, empty, unlade, lordly, dignified, stately; (adj) clear, tip, exonerate, free, dump, relieve; (adj, v) unburden, disburden. generous, munificent, majestic, ANTONYM: (v) fill. magnificent, gorgeous. ANTONYM: (adj) ungenerous. valour: (n) valor, valiancy, valiance, scars: (n) seams. heroism, courage, bravery, toil: (n, v) labor, work, drudge, sweat, valorousness, prowess, daring, pluck, drudgery, grind, labour, travail; (v) spirit. plod; (n) effort, exertion.

William Shakespeare

9

Early and late, debating to and fro How France and Frenchmen might be kept in awe, And had his highness in his infancy Crowned in Paris in despite of foes? And shall these labours and these honours die? Shall Henry's conquest, Bedford's vigilance, Your deeds of war, and all our counsel die? O peers of England, shameful is this league! Fatal this marriage, cancelling your fame, Blotting your names from books of memory, Razing the characters of your renown, Defacing monuments of conquer'd France, Undoing all, as all had never been! CARDINAL. Nephew, what means this passionate discourse, This peroration with such circumstance? For France, 't is ours; and we will keep it still.% GLOSTER. Ay, uncle, we will keep it if we can, But now it is impossible we should. Suffolk, the new-made duke that rules the roast, Hath given the duchy of Anjou and Maine Unto the poor King Reignier, whose large style Agrees not with the leanness of his purse. SALISBURY. Now, by the death of Him that died for all, These counties were the keys of Normandy!-But wherefore weeps Warwick, my valiant son? WARWICK. For grief that they are past recovery; For, were there hope to conquer them again,

Thesaurus deeds: (n) works, activity, actions, plumpness. praiseworthy, commendable, peroration: (n) harangue, close, conduct, background, events, excellent. valiant: (adj) brave, courageous, happenings, performance, activities. conclusion, speech, formal speech, highness: (n) excellency, altitude, lecture, delivery, epilogue, say, intrepid, fearless, heroic, audacious, loftiness, nobility, greatness, tirade, tag. gallant, daring, dauntless, stout, shameful: (adj) scandalous, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) afraid, eminence, size, stateliness, majesty, high, grandeur. dishonorable, opprobrious, shocking, despicable. leanness: (n) emaciation, scrawniness, ignominious, disreputable, wherefore: (adv, conj) therefore; (adv, despicable; (adj, v) foul, base, gross, n) why; (n) reason, proof; (adv) meagreness, slenderness, slimness, black. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, accordingly, consequently, so, tenuity, bodily property, compactness, barrenness, fineness, noble, dignified, admirable, faultless, wherefor, hence, whence; (conj) then. gauntness. ANTONYM: (n) reputable, glorious, compassionate,

10

King Henry VI, Part II

My sword should shed hot blood, mine eyes no tears. Anjou and Maine! myself did win them both, Those provinces these arms of mine did conquer; And are the cities that I got with wounds Deliver'd up again with peaceful words? Mort Dieu! YORK. For Suffolk's duke, may he be suffocate, That dims the honour of this warlike isle! France should have torn and rent my very heart, Before I would have yielded to this league. I never read but England's kings have had Large sums of gold and dowries with their wives; And our King Henry gives away his own, To match with her that brings no vantages.% GLOSTER. A proper jest, and never heard before, That Suffolk should demand a whole fifteenth For costs and charges in transporting her! She should have staid in France, and starv'd in France, Before-CARDINAL. My Lord of Gloster, now ye grow too hot; It was the pleasure of my lord the King. GLOSTER. My Lord of Winchester, I know your mind; 'T is not my speeches that you do mislike, But 't is my presence that doth trouble ye. Rancour will out. Proud prelate, in thy face I see thy fury; if I longer stay,

Thesaurus fury: (n) anger, exasperation, force, resentment, delirium, furor, frenzy, indignation, craze; (adj, n) wrath, ferocity. ANTONYMS: (n) composure, calmness, mildness, calm, pleasure, serenity. heard: (n) hearing. jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, sneer, clown. prelate: (n) primate, clergyman, high priest, archpriest, hierarch, reverend,

archbishop, minister, diocesan, usher, reverence. provinces: (n) distance. staid: (adj, v) serious, sedate, grave, solemn, sober, demure; (adj) calm, quiet, composed, somber, decorous. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, exciting, funny, daring, playful, bright, relaxed. sums: (n) estimate, calculation, arithmetic. sword: (n) blade, sabre, brand,

broadsword, falchion, cutlass, saber, steel, glaive, backsword, cutlas. transporting: (adj) ecstatic, rapturous, rapturous applause, ravishing, transportant. warlike: (adj) military, belligerent, bellicose, pugnacious, combative, aggressive, armigerous, hostile, unfriendly, unpacific, militant. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmonizing, friendly. yielded: (v) yold, yolden.

William Shakespeare

11

We shall begin our ancient bickerings.-Lordings, farewell; and say, when I am gone, I prophesied France will be lost ere long. [Exit.] CARDINAL. So, there goes our protector in a rage. 'T is known to you he is mine enemy, Nay, more, an enemy unto you all, And no great friend, I fear me, to the king. Consider, lords, he is the next of blood, And heir apparent to the English crown. Had Henry got an empire by his marriage, And all the wealthy kingdoms of the west, There's reason he should be displeas'd at it. Look to it, lords. Let not his smoothing words Bewitch your hearts; be wise and circumspect. What though the common people favour him, Calling him 'Humphrey, the good Duke of Gloster,' Clapping their hands, and crying with loud voice, 'Jesu maintain your royal excellence!' With 'God preserve the good Duke Humphrey!' I fear me, lords, for all this flattering gloss, He will be found a dangerous protector.% BUCKINGHAM. Why should he, then, protect our sovereign, He being of age to govern of himself?-Cousin of Somerset, join you with me, And all together, with the Duke of Suffolk, We'll quickly hoise Duke Humphrey from his seat.

Thesaurus farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, salutation, welcome. flattering: (adj) ingratiating, complimentary, courtly, obsequious, adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, unflattering, unattractive, wounding, uncomplimentary, negative; (adv)

partially. escort, hero, paladin, supporter, govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign, benefactor. rule; (v) administer, dictate, smoothing: (n) fine cutting, smoothness, sleeking; (adj) sleek, dominate, manage, check, bridle, regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate. even, not harsh, smooth porcelain, heir: (n) beneficiary, successor, bland, not rough, moving equably, offspring, inheritor, heiress, receiver, mild. progeny, heritor, descendant, scion, wealthy: (adj, adv) moneyed; (adj) issue. ANTONYMS: (n) ancestor, flush, opulent, affluent, prosperous, donor. loaded, substantial, generous, ample, protector: (n) guard, guardian, patron, abundant, abounding. ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, impoverished, needy. champion, custodian, conservator,

12

King Henry VI, Part II

CARDINAL. This weighty business will not brook delay; I'll to the Duke of Suffolk presently. [Exit.] SOMERSET. Cousin of Buckingham, though Humphrey's pride And greatness of his place be grief to us, Yet let us watch the haughty cardinal; His insolence is more intolerable Than all the princes in the land beside; If Gloster be displac'd, he 'll be protector.% BUCKINGHAM. Or thou or I, Somerset, will be protector, Despite Duke Humphrey or the cardinal. [Exeunt BUCKINGHAM and SOMERSET.] SALISBURY. Pride went before, ambition follows him. While these do labour for their own preferment, Behoves it us to labour for the realm. I never saw but Humphrey Duke of Gloster Did bear him like a noble gentleman. Oft have I seen the haughty cardinal, More like a soldier than a man o' the church, As stout and proud as he were lord of all, Swear like a ruffian and demean himself Unlike the ruler of a commonweal.-Warwick my son, the comfort of my age, Thy deeds, thy plainness, and thy housekeeping, Hath won the greatest favour of the commons, Excepting none but good Duke Humphrey;-And, brother York, thy acts in Ireland,

Thesaurus demean: (v) abase, lower, disgrace, unassuming, considerate, deferential. ruffian: (n) rowdy, rascal, hooligan, debase, humiliate, conduct, cheapen, insolence: (n) impertinence, bully, brute, hoodlum, tough, disparage, humble, behave, mortify. arrogance, audacity, impudence, miscreant, villain, rogue, roughneck. ANTONYMS: (v) heighten, dignify, weighty: (adj) heavy, ponderous, effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall, grievous, powerful, profound; (adj, v) boost, idolize, upgrade, honor, disrespect, haughtiness, crust. ANTONYMS: (n) respect, politeness, grave, serious, momentous, enhance, elevate, uplift, praise, glorify. meekness, shyness. significant, solemn, influential. haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant, plainness: (n) perspicuity, clearness, ANTONYMS: (adj) superficial, light, assuming, contemptuous, proud, homeliness, austerity, simplicity, unimportant, trivial, weightless, lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious, lucidity, perspicuousness, directness, unsubstantial, thin, solvable, small, grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS: bareness, drabness, chasteness. facile, easy. (adj) modest, meek, subservient, ANTONYMS: (n) warmth, splendor. went: (v) walked, proceeded.

William Shakespeare

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In bringing them to civil discipline, Thy late exploits done in the heart of France, When thou wert regent for our sovereign, Have made thee fear'd and honour'd of the people.-Join we together, for the public good, In what we can, to bridle and suppress The pride of Suffolk and the cardinal, With Somerset's and Buckingham's ambition, And, as we may, cherish Duke Humphrey's deeds While they do tend the profit of the land.% WARWICK. So God help Warwick, as he loves the land And common profit of his country! YORK. [Aside.] And so says York, for he hath greatest cause. SALISBURY. Then let's make haste away, and look unto the main. WARWICK. Unto the main! O father, Maine is lost; That Maine which by main force Warwick did win, And would have kept so long as breath did last! Main chance, father, you meant; but I meant Maine, Which I will win from France, or else be slain. [Exeunt WARWICK and SALISBURY.] YORK. Anjou and Maine are given to the French; Paris is lost; the state of Normandy Stands on a tickle point now they are gone. Suffolk concluded on the articles,

Thesaurus bridle: (n, v) curb, check, control, haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, protector, viceregent, vizier, vicar, snaffle, rein, leash; (n) arrest, reins, rush; (n) celerity, expedition, superintendent, curator, governor, brake; (v) inhibit, contain. viceroy; (adj) regnant. rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, ANTONYMS: (v) unbridle, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay, slain: (v) slay; (adj) overthrown, mat, unharness, release. patience, forethought, caution. fallen, dejected, cast down. bringing: (n) delivery, consignment, pride: (n) arrogance, conceit, egotism, thou: (n) chiliad, grand, m, g, one serving, service, passage, post. vanity, lordliness, assumption, thousand, gramme, gram, gm, cherish: (v) care for, nurture, treasure, insolence, disdain, hauteur; (n, v) gigabyte, Gb, curtilage. boast; (v) plume. ANTONYMS: (n) tickle: (v) titillate, indulge, thrill, entertain, cultivate, bosom, prize, esteem, harbor; (n, v) hug, foster. modesty, sorrow, dregs, disgrace, prickle, please, tingle, humor, flatter, ANTONYMS: (v) hate, scorn, reject, vellicate, divert; (n) titillation. shame, baseness. regent: (n) trustee, experrection, denounce, despise, neglect.

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King Henry VI, Part II

The %peers agreed; and Henry was well pleas'd To changes two dukedoms for a duke's fair daughter. I cannot blame them all: what is't to them? 'T is thine they give away, and not their own. Pirates may make cheap pennyworths of their pillage, And purchase friends, and give to courtesans, Still revelling like lords till all be gone; Whileas the silly owner of the goods Weeps over them and wrings his hapless hands And shakes his head and trembling stands aloof, While all is shar'd and all is borne away, Ready to starve and dare not touch his own. So York must sit and fret and bite his tongue, While his own lands are bargain'd for and sold. Methinks the realms of England, France, and Ireland Bear that proportion to my flesh and blood As did the fatal brand Althaea burn'd Unto the prince's heart of Calydon. Anjou and Maine both given unto the French! Cold news for me, for I had hope of France, Even as I have of fertile England's soil. A day will come when York shall claim his own; And therefore I will take the Nevils' parts, And make a show of love to proud Duke Humphrey, And when I spy advantage, claim the crown, For that 's the golden mark I seek to hit. Nor shall proud Lancaster usurp my right, Nor hold the sceptre in his childish fist, Nor wear the diadem upon his head, Whose church-like humours fits not for a crown. Then, York, be still awhile till time do serve; Watch thou and wake when others be asleep,

Thesaurus awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant; (adv) briefly. childish: (adj) childlike, naive, babyish, immature, simple, puerile, infantile, juvenile, silly, frivolous, young. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, old, wise, adult, jaded. diadem: (n) crown, coronet, tiara, circlet, sovereignty, headdress, crest, power, capitulum, cap of maintenance, crown jewels. fits: (v) epilepsy, bustle, racket, fuss,

hubbub, megrims, rout, subsultus, staggers. fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, annoy; (n) anxiety. hapless: (adj) unlucky, poor, wretched, luckless, miserable, sad, unhappy, illfated, inauspicious, jinxed, untoward. ANTONYM: (adj) fortunate. revelling: (n) rejoicing, jubilation, heyday, flush, triumph; (adj) exultant. sceptre: (n) sovereignty, verge, wand,

bauble, mace, brink. shakes: (n) hangover, jitters, nervousness, tension, anxiety. starve: (v) fast, crave, lust, hunger, thirst, perish, be hungry, deprive, benumb; (adj, v) pinch; (adj) gripe. ANTONYMS: (v) feed, eat. usurp: (v) arrogate, seize, appropriate, take over, commandeer, capture, borrow, confiscate, take, grab; (adj) violate. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, relinquish.

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To %pry into the secrets of the state; Till Henry, surfeiting in joys of love, With his new bride and England's dear-bought queen, And Humphrey with the peers be fallen at jars. Then will I raise aloft the milk-white rose, With whose sweet smell the air shall be perfum'd, And in my standard bear the arms of York, To grapple with the house of Lancaster; And, force perforce, I 'll make him yield the crown Whose bookish rule hath pull'd fair England down. [Exit.]

SCENE II. THE DUKE OF GLOSTER'S HOUSE. [Enter DUKE HUMPHREY and his wife ELEANOR] DUCHESS. Why droops my lord, like over-ripen'd corn, Hanging the head at Ceres' plenteous load? Why doth the great Duke Humphrey knit his brows, As frowning at the favours of the world? Why are thine eyes fix'd to the sullen earth, Gazing on that which seems to dim thy sight? What see'st thou there? King Henry's diadem, Enchas'd with all the honours of the world? If so, gaze on, and grovel on thy face, Until thy head be circled with the same. Put forth thy hand, reach at the glorious gold. What, is't too short? I'll lengthen it with mine, And, having both together heav'd it up, We'll both together lift our heads to heaven,

Thesaurus aloft: (adj, adv) overhead; (adv) up, on high, over, aloof, upwards, uphill, above ground; (prep) upon; (adj) eminent, lofty. bookish: (adj) academic, studious, learned, literary, intellectual, educated, pedantic; (v) blue, solid, scholastic, profound. grapple: (n, v) grip, clasp, tackle, grasp; (v) fight, contend, grab, struggle; (adj, n, v) lock; (adj, n) hook; (n) grappling.

grovel: (v) cringe, crawl, creep, fawn, needs. flatter, sneak; (adj, v) crouch, wallow; plenteous: (adj) abundant, ample, (adj) stoop, derogate, lose caste. copious, plentiful, bountiful, fertile, knit: (adj, v) tie, lace; (v) plait, fruitful, full, exuberant, rich, intertwine, bind, join, pucker, fasten, generous. ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, interlace; (adj) stitch, knitted. sparse. lengthen: (adj, v) elongate; (v) enlarge, sullen: (adj, n) morose, sulky, sour; (adj) gloomy, gruff, glum, moody, prolong, draw, draw out, increase, dark, cross, surly; (adj, v) grim. expand, stretch, protract, continue, drag out. ANTONYMS: (v) clip, ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, cheery; (n) curtail. cheeriness. perforce: (n) on compulsion; (adv) surfeiting: (adj) disgusting, voracious.

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King Henry VI, Part II

And never more abase our sight so low As to vouchsafe one glance unto the ground.% GLOSTER. O Nell, sweet Nell, if thou dost love thy lord, Banish the canker of ambitious thoughts; And may that thought when I imagine ill Against my king and nephew, virtuous Henry, Be my last breathing in this mortal world! My troublous dreams this night doth make me sad. DUCHESS. What dream'd my lord? Tell me, and I'll requite it With sweet rehearsal of my morning's dream. GLOSTER. Methought this staff, mine office-badge in court, Was broke in twain;--by whom I have forgot, But, as I think, it was by the cardinal,-And on the pieces of the broken wand Were plac'd the heads of Edmund Duke of Somerset And William de la Pole, first duke of Suffolk. This was my dream; what it doth bode, God knows. DUCHESS. Tut, this was nothing but an argument That he that breaks a stick of Gloster's grove Shall lose his head for his presumption. But list to me, my Humphrey, my sweet duke: Methought I sat in seat of majesty In the cathedral church of Westminster And in that chair where kings and queens are crown'd, Where Henry and Dame Margaret kneel'd to me And on my head did set the diadem.

Thesaurus abase: (v) humble, humiliate, mortify, protect. mortal: (adj) deadly, fatal, lethal, sink, demean, depress, shame, reduce; (n, v) disgrace; (adj, v) debase; deathly, earthly; (n) man, individual, (adj) snub. creature, person, human being, body. bode: (v) augur, portend, presage, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) immortal; (adj) foretell, foreshadow, betoken, eternal, heavenly, mild, perfect, bespeak, predict, signal, spiritual. requite: (adj, v) pay, gratify, satisfy; (v) prognosticate, prophesy. canker: (n) cancer, corruption, blight; recompense, reciprocate, compensate, (v) corrode, erode; (adj, n) rot; (adj, v) reward, remunerate, reimburse, pollute, vitiate; (adj) contaminate, return, refund. poison, taint. ANTONYMS: (v) help, troublous: (adj) riotous, ugly,

vexatious, troublesome. virtuous: (adj) upright, pure, righteous, good, moral, just, honorable, honest, respectable, decent, pious. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, sinful, corrupt, impure, unethical, decadent, degenerate, irreverent. vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend, allow, confer, stoop, give, please, bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the goodness, will you.

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GLOSTER. Nay, Eleanor, then must I chide outright. Presumptuous dame, ill-nurtur'd Eleanor, Art thou not second woman in the realm, And the protector's wife, belov'd of him? Hast thou not worldly pleasure at command, Above the reach or compass of thy thought? And wilt thou still be hammering treachery, To tumble down thy husband and thyself From top of honour to disgrace's feet? Away from me, and let me hear no more! DUCHESS. What, what, my lord! are you so choleric With Eleanor for telling but her dream? Next time I'll keep my dreams unto myself, And not be check'd.% GLOSTER. Nay, be not angry; I am pleas'd again. [Enter MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My lord protector, 't is his highness' pleasure You do prepare to ride unto Saint Alban's, Whereas the king and queen do mean to hawk. GLOSTER. I go.--Come, Nell, thou wilt ride with us? DUCHESS. Yes, my good lord, I'll follow presently. [Exeunt GLOSTER and MESSENGER.] Follow I must; I cannot go before While Gloster bears this base and humble mind.

Thesaurus bears: (n) fissiped, badgers, Carnivora, order Carnivora. chide: (n, v) censure, reprimand, blame; (v) rebuke, admonish, chasten, lecture, scold, reproach, chastise, reprove. ANTONYMS: (v) praise, laud, commend, compliment, approve. compass: (n) scope, range, room, extent, area, circumference, reach; (n, v) round, grasp, circle; (v) get. ANTONYM: (v) lose.

hammering: (n) beating, pounding, pound, fagging, drudgery, needle hammer, defeat, knock, failure, British pound, Ezra Loomin Pound. ANTONYM: (n) victory. hawk: (v) peddle, cough, expectorate, sell, vend, hunt, huckster; (n) eagle, goshawk, harrier, buzzard. tumble: (n, v) drop, jumble, stumble, plunge, slip, spill, downfall; (v) crumble, collapse, topple, confuse. wilt: (v) flag, shrivel, sag, weaken,

fade, languish, dry, wither, collapse, tire; (n) wilting. ANTONYMS: (v) flourish, rise, rally. worldly: (adj, adv) earthly; (adj) mundane, secular, terrestrial, temporal, carnal, sophisticated, lay, profane; (adv) mundanely, temporally. ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, naive, cloistered, religious, unsophisticated, unworldly, unrefined, otherworldly, low, heavenly, immaterial.

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King Henry VI, Part II

Were I a man, a duke, and next of blood, I would remove these tedious stumbling-blocks And smooth my way upon their headless necks; And, being a woman, I will not be slack To play my part in Fortune's pageant.-Where are you there? Sir John! nay, fear not, man, We are alone; here's none but thee and I.% [Enter HUME.] HUME. Jesus preserve your royal majesty! DUCHESS. What say'st thou? majesty! I am but grace. HUME. But, by the grace of God, and Hume's advice, Your grace's title shall be multiplied. DUCHESS. What say'st thou, man? hast thou as yet conferr'd With Margery Jourdain, the cunning witch, With Roger Bolingbroke, the conjurer? And will they undertake to do me good? HUME. This they have promised,--to show your highness A spirit rais'd from depth of underground, That shall make answer to such questions As by your Grace shall be propounded him. DUCHESS. It is enough; I'll think upon the questions. When from Saint Alban's we do make return, We'll see these things effected to the full. Here, Hume, take this reward; make merry, man,

Thesaurus cunning: (adj) crafty, canny, adroit, wily, sly, shrewd, tricky, artful; (n) craftiness, craft, cleverness. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, honest, stupid, unimaginative, gullible, ingenuous, straightforward, candid, sincere; (n) frankness, straightforwardness. effected: (adj) completed, complete, finished, fulfilled, done, realized, conventional, constituted, established.

headless: (adj) acephalous, brainless, beheaded, foolish. majesty: (adj, n) grandeur, splendor, nobility; (n) dignity, loftiness, magnificence, stateliness, greatness, king, royalty, highness. ANTONYMS: (n) austerity, simplicity. merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful, glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome, lighthearted, festive; (adj, n) convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj)

gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight. multiplied: (adj) many, multitudinous, teeming, peopled, populous, studded, thick, increased, frequent; (v) absorb, acquisition. tedious: (adj) tiresome, boring, dreary, slow, heavy, humdrum, irksome, lifeless; (adj, v) monotonous, arid, dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, varied, easy, readable, lively, entertaining, enthralling, brisk, concise, exotic, pleasant.

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With %thy confederates in this weighty cause. [Exit.] HUME. Hume must make merry with the duchess' gold, Marry, and shall. But, how now, Sir John Hume! Seal up your lips, and give no words but mum; The business asketh silent secrecy. Dame Eleanor gives gold to bring the witch; Gold cannot come amiss, were she a devil. Yet have I gold flies from another coast. I dare not say, from the rich cardinal And from the great and new-made Duke of Suffolk, Yet I do find it so; for, to be plain, They, knowing Dame Eleanor's aspiring humour, Have hired me to undermine the duchess And buzz these conjurations in her brain. They say ' A crafty knave does need no broker;' Yet am I Suffolk and the cardinal's broker. Hume, if you take not heed, you shall go near To call them both a pair of crafty knaves. Well, so its stands; and thus, I fear, at last Hume's knavery will be the duchess' wrack, And her attainture will be Humphrey's fall. Sort how it will, I shall have gold for all. [Exit.]

SCENE III. LONDON. THE PALACE. [Enter PETER and other PETITIONERS.]

Thesaurus amiss: (adj, adv) wrong; (adj) bad, buzz: (n, v) rumor, call, ring, hiss, haywire, faulty, astray, guilty; (adv) drone, gossip, purr, whisper, badly, poorly, awry, wrongly, adrift. murmur; (n) report, hearsay. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) right; (adv) ANTONYM: (n) bore. crafty: (adj) cunning, adroit, sly, astute, perfectly, properly, suitably, appropriately, correctly, well; (adj) artful, wily, clever, tricky, shifty, okay, correct, good. designing, scheming. ANTONYMS: aspiring: (adj) aspirant, wishful, (adj) naive, open, honest, guileless, enterprising, envious, desirous, artless, straightforward, trustworthy, coming; (v) aspire, vaulting. ingenuous, blatant, straight. ANTONYM: (adj) desperate. gives: (n) give, offer, provide, grant, attainture: (n) attaintment. accord.

heed: (n, v) consideration, concern, regard, mind, attention, notice; (n) caution, advertence, advertency; (v) attend, hear. ANTONYMS: (n, v) disregard; (n) inattentiveness. knave: (n) cheat, jack, blackguard, crook, rascal, villain, cad, scalawag, scallywag, scoundrel, varlet. knavery: (n) quackery, jugglery, foul play, trickery, swindle, betrayal, falsification, falsehood, charlatanism, knavishness, roguery.

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King Henry VI, Part II

FIRST PETITIONER. My masters, let's stand close; my lord protector will come this way by and by, and then we may deliver our supplications in the quill.% SECOND PETITIONER. Marry, the Lord protect him, for he's a good man! Jesu bless him! [Enter SUFFOLK and QUEEN.] PETER. Here 'a comes, methinks, and the queen with him. I'll be the first, sure. SECOND PETITIONER. Come back, fool; this is the Duke of Suffolk and not my lord protector. SUFFOLK. How now, fellow! wouldst any thing with me? FIRST PETITIONER. I pray, my lord, pardon me; I took ye for my lord protector. QUEEN. [Reading] 'To my Lord Protector!' Are your supplications to his lordship? Let me see them; what is thine? FIRST PETITIONER. Mine is, an 't please your grace, against John Goodman, my lord cardinal's man, for keeping my house and lands, and wife and all, from me. SUFFOLK. Thy wife too! that's some wrong, indeed.--What's yours?--What's here! [Reads] 'Against the Duke of Suffolk for enclosing the commons of Melford.'-How now, sir knave! SECOND PETITIONER. Alas, sir, I am but a poor petitioner of our whole township.

Thesaurus bless: (v) consecrate, celebrate, sanctify, anoint, eulogize, sign, praise, keep, grant, glorify; (n) blessing. ANTONYMS: (v) curse, condemn, disapprove, damn, disallow, deny. enclosing: (n) enclose, inclosure, boxing, encasement, introduction, insertion, intromission, surrounding, incasement, grip, envelopment. lands: (n) park, estate, kingdom. lordship: (n) ownership, supremacy,

domain, dominance, manor, worship, authority, power, dynasty, grandeeship, headship. masters: (n) Edgar lee Masters. methinks: (adv) meseems. pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive, acquit, spare; (n) amnesty, forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify, exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate, condemn, convict; (n) intolerance. petitioner: (n) applicant, claimant,

complainant, supplicant, plaintiff, suppliant, pursuer, requester, suitor, suer, lover. pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave, invite, plead, beseech, appeal, importune, adjure, invoke. ANTONYM: (v) reject. took: (adj) taken; (v) receive. township: (n) parish, municipality, county, community, shire, country, city, arrondissement, settlement, area, province.

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PETER. [Giving his petition] Against my master, Thomas Horner, for saying that the Duke of York was rightful heir to the crown.% QUEEN. What say'st thou? did the Duke of York say he was rightful heir to the crown? PETER. That my master was? no, forsooth; my master said that he was, and that the king was an usurper. SUFFOLK. Who is there? [Enter Servant.] Take this fellow in, and send for his master with a pursuivant presently.--We'll hear more of your matter before the king. [Exit SERVANT with PETER.] QUEEN. And as for you, that love to be protected Under the wings of our protector's grace, Begin your suits anew and sue to him. [Tears the supplications.] Away, base cullions!--Suffolk, let them go. ALL. Come, let's be gone. [Exeunt.] QUEEN. My Lord of Suffolk, say, is this the guise, Is this the fashion in the court of England? Is this the government of Britain's isle, And this the royalty of Albion's king? What, shall King Henry be a pupil still Under the surly Gloster's governance? Am I a queen in title and in style, And must be made a subject to a duke?

Thesaurus anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, disciple, apprentice, trainee, kingship, royal line, royal house, recently, over again, once more, once schoolchild, novice, adherent, tyro, royal family, fee, tax, nobility, again, new; (adj) only yesterday, the collegian. ANTONYM: (n) expert. loyalty, majesty. pursuivant: (n) herald, bellman, crier, surly: (adj) sullen, grumpy, peevish, other day, just now. forsooth: (adv) really, actually, flag bearer, apparitor, trumpeter, crusty, churlish, grouchy, gruff, morose; (adj, n) harsh, rude; (adj, adv) certainly, indeed, in truth, truly, by groom, harbinger. right; (adj) in fact, joking apart; (int) rightful: (adj) right, lawful, just, unfriendly. ANTONYMS: (adj) quotha. justifiable, proper, legal, equitable, cheerful, gentle, pleasant, courteous, petition: (n, v) appeal, request, desire, licit, real, genuine, true. easygoing, friendly. claim; (v) ask, beg, crave, apply; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) wrongful, illegal, usurper: (n) dictator, pretender, thief. wings: (n) insignia, agency. application, entreaty, invocation. unlawful, fake. pupil: (n) learner, student, scholar, royalty: (n) regality, payment,

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King Henry VI, Part II

I tell thee, Pole, when in the city Tours Thou ran'st a tilt in honour of my love And stol'st away the ladies' hearts of France, I thought King Henry had resembled thee In courage, courtship, and proportion; But all his mind is bent to holiness, To number Ave-Maries on his beads, His champions are the prophets and apostles, His weapons holy saws of sacred writ, His study is his tilt-yard, and his loves Are brazen images of canoniz'd saints. I would the college of the cardinals Would choose him pope and carry him to Rome, And set the triple crown upon his head; That were a state fit for his holiness.% SUFFOLK. Madam, be patient; as I was cause Your highness came to England, so will I In England work your grace's full content. QUEEN. Beside the haughty protector, have we Beaufort The imperious churchman, Somerset, Buckingham, And grumbling York; and not the least of these But can do more in England than the king. SUFFOLK. And he of these that can do most of all Cannot do more in England than the Nevils; Salisbury and Warwick are no simple peers. QUEEN. Not all these lords do vex me half so much As that proud dame, the lord protector's wife.

Thesaurus brazen: (adj) audacious, impudent, brassy, insolent, bold, brash, impertinent, blatant, flagrant, forward, saucy. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, abashed, prudish, reserved, quiet, discreet, respectful, ashamed, veiled, modest. came: (v) arrive, come. churchman: (n) clergyman, ecclesiastic, chaplain, parson, pastor, minister, priest, cleric, clergy, rector, hierophant.

courtship: (n) courting, wooing, love, bundling, the soft impeachment, prayer, entreaty, gallantry, addresses, cause, affection. grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, murmur, murmuring, mutter, muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, grumpy, irritable. hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades. imperious: (adj) haughty, domineering, authoritative, arbitrary,

imperative, masterful, dictatorial, commanding, lordly, magisterial, despotic. ANTONYM: (adj) subservient. tilt: (n, v) slant, slope, lean, list, rock, careen, sway; (v) pitch, tip, cant, lurch. ANTONYMS: (n, v) surrender; (n) agreement; (v) yield. triple: (adj) threefold, ternary, triplex, trine, tripartite, Ternate, triplasian; (adj, n) thribble; (n) triad, safety, threesome.

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She sweeps it through the court with troops of ladies, More like an empress than Duke Humphrey's wife. Strangers in court do take her for the queen; She bears a duke's revenues on her back, And in her heart she scorns our poverty. Shall I not live to be aveng'd on her? Contemptuous base-born callat as she is, She vaunted 'mongst her minions t' other day, The very train of her worst wearing gown Was better worth than all my father's land Till Suffolk gave two dukedoms for his daughter.% SUFFOLK. Madam, myself have lim'd a bush for her, And plac'd a quire of such enticing birds That she will light to listen to the lays, And never mount to trouble you again. So, let her rest; and, madam, list to me, For I am bold to counsel you in this. Although we fancy not the cardinal, Yet must we join with him and with the lords Till we have brought Duke Humphrey in disgrace. As for the Duke of York, this late complaint Will make but little for his benefit. So, one by one, we'll weed them all at last, And you yourself shall steer the happy helm. [Sennet. Enter the KING, DUKE HUMPHREY, CARDINAL BEAUFORT, BUCKINGHAM, YORK, SOMERSET, SALISBURY, WARWICK, and the DUCHESS OF GLOSTER.] KING. For my part, noble lords, I care not which; Or Somerset or York, all's one to me.

Thesaurus counsel: (v) advise, consult, admonish, confer, warn; (n, v) caution, advocate; (n) barrister, advisement, consultation, admonition. ANTONYMS: (v) betray, trick, deceive, conceal, oppose; (n) warning. empress: (n) emperor, margravine, sultana, infanta, queen, princess, noble, monarch, lady, ruler, emperess. enticing: (adj, v) alluring; (adj)

tempting, attractive, beguiling, inviting, seductive, engaging, fetching, appealing, fascinating, enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing, unattractive, revolting. helm: (n) wheel, haft, handle, tiller, shank, rudder, steering wheel, shaft, hilt, halm; (v) helmet. madam: (n) dame, lady, ma'am, gentlewoman, missis, Mrs, brothel keeper, madames, signora, female, bawd.

quire: (n) chancel, ream, vestry, transept, book, nave, Golgotha, quair, passage, aisle, pad. revenues: (n) earnings, receipts, proceeds, income, profits. steer: (v) navigate, guide, direct, drive, aim, conduct, maneuver, run, manage; (n, v) lead, point. sweeps: (n) sweep period. weed: (n) grass, marijuana, pot, plant, fireweed, smoke, ganja; (v) eliminate, hoe, plow; (adj) pick.

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King Henry VI, Part II

YORK. If York have ill demean'd himself in France, Then let him be denay'd the regentship.% SOMERSET. If Somerset be unworthy of the place, Let York be regent; I will yield to him. WARWICK. Whether your grace be worthy, yea or no, Dispute not that; York is the worthier. CARDINAL. Ambitious Warwick, let thy betters speak. WARWICK. The cardinal's not my better in the field. BUCKINGHAM. All in this presence are thy betters, Warwick. WARWICK. Warwick may live to be the best of all. SALISBURY. Peace, son!--and show some reason, Buckingham, Why Somerset should be preferr'd in this. QUEEN. Because the king, forsooth, will have it so. GLOSTER. Madam, the King is old enough himself To give his censure; these are no women's matters. QUEEN. If he be old enough, what needs your grace To be protector of his excellence?

Thesaurus censure: (n, v) accuse, reprimand, greatness, predominance; (adj) mastery. ANTONYMS: (n) reproach, attack, animadversion, abuse; (n) accusation, condemnation; mediocrity, failing, fault, flaw, (v) carp, condemn, berate. unevenness, imperfection, disgrace, ANTONYMS: (v) approve, commonness. matters: (n) affairs, materials, dealings, commend, allow, endorse, laud, permit, sanction; (n) approval, proceedings. blessing, commendation; (n, v) unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base, compliment. disgraceful, ignoble, low, excellence: (adj, n) worth, eminence, contemptible, despicable, ugly, desert; (n) distinction, advantage, unmerited, unseemly, shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving, goodness, superiority, virtue,

valuable, honorable, estimable, reputable. worthy: (adj) noble, good, meritorious, valuable, estimable, respectable, deserving, worthwhile, virtuous, honorable; (adj, n) celebrity. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, unrespected, disreputable, mediocre, petty, poor, unimpressive, insignificant, dishonorable, despicable; (n) nobody.

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GLOSTER. Madam, I am protector of the realm, And, at his pleasure, will resign my place.% SUFFOLK. Resign it then, and leave thine insolence. Since thou wert king--as who is king but thou?-The commonwealth hath daily run to wrack; The Dauphin hath prevail'd beyond the seas; And all the peers and nobles of the realm Have been as bondmen to thy sovereignty. CARDINAL. The commons hast thou rack'd; the clergy's bags Are lank and lean with thy extortions. SOMERSET. Thy sumptuous buildings and thy wife's attire Have cost a mass of public treasury. BUCKINGHAM. Thy cruelty in execution Upon offenders hath exceeded law, And left thee to the mercy of the law. QUEEN. Thy sale of offices and towns in France, If they were known, as the suspect is great, Would make thee quickly hop without thy head.-[Exit GLOSTER. The QUEEN drops her fan..] Give me my fan. What minion! can ye not? [She gives the DUCHESS a box on the ear.] I cry your mercy, madam; was it you? DUCHESS. Was 't I! yea, I it was, proud Frenchwoman.

Thesaurus cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness, mercy: (n) kindness, compassion, pity, offices: (n) kitchen, pantry, scullery. oppression, barbarity, ferociousness, favor, leniency, pardon, forgiveness, resign: (v) renounce, cede, relinquish, grace, charity, humanity; (n, v) tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity, quit, give up, leave, abandon, drop, quarter. ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, mercilessness, harshness. deliver, surrender, forgo. ANTONYMS: (n) compassion, ANTONYMS: (v) accept, continue, harshness, unkindness, severity, gentleness, friendliness, humanity, mercilessness, ruthlessness, retain, stay. sumptuous: (adj) magnificent, benevolence, sensitivity, liberty, impatience, inhumanity. minion: (n) cosset, follower, servant, decency. luxurious, opulent, splendid, drops: (n) tear. pet, underling, hanger-on, spoiled gorgeous, deluxe, costly, lush, lavish, lank: (adj) gaunt, angular, emaciated, grand, plush. ANTONYMS: (adj) child, sycophant, tool, henchman, lackey. ANTONYM: (n) superior. meager, thin, skinny, spindly, spare, unadorned, humble, ascetic, meager, scrawny; (adj, v) lean, barren. nobles: (n) landed gentry, upper class. scanty, impoverished.

26

King Henry VI, Part II

Could I come near your beauty with my nails, I'd set my ten commandments in your face.% KING. Sweet aunt, be quiet; 't was against her will. DUCHESS. Against her will! good king, look to 't in time; She'll hamper thee and dandle thee like a baby. Though in this place most master wear no breeches, She shall not strike Dame Eleanor unreveng'd. [Exit.] BUCKINGHAM. Lord cardinal, I will follow Eleanor, And listen after Humphrey, how he proceeds. She's tickled now; her fume needs no spurs, She'll gallop far enough to her destruction. [Exit.] [Re-enter GLOSTER.] GLOSTER. Now, lords, my choler being overblown With walking once about the quadrangle, I come to talk of commonwealth affairs. As for your spiteful false objections, Prove them, and I lie open to the law; But God in mercy so deal with my soul As I in duty love my king and country! But, to the matter that we have in hand: I say, my sovereign, York is meetest man To be your regent in the realm of France. SUFFOLK. Before we make election, give me leave

Thesaurus choler: (n) anger, bile, resentment, (n, v) trot; (n) gait. spiteful: (adj) malicious, malevolent, hamper: (v) clog, fetter, hinder, block, sinister, nasty, malignant, venomous, rage, madness, dander, spleen, petulance, indignation, irritability, curb, interfere, delay, handicap, despiteful, ill-natured, vindictive, debar; (n, v) cramp; (n) disadvantage. cruel, hateful. ANTONYMS: (adj) ire. dandle: (v) fondle, caress, dance, ANTONYMS: (v) help, broaden, benevolent, harmless, merciful, displace, move, pamper, baby, encourage, assist. kindhearted, friendly, pleasant, listen: (v) hear, heed, hearken, attend, loving, benign, generous, gentle, cuddle, faddle, love. fume: (n, v) smoke, reek; (v) chafe, harken, list, listening, eavesdrop, flattering. rage, storm, evaporate, fret; (adj, v) tickled: (adj) tickled pink, overjoyed, mind, concentrate, pay attention. seethe, boil; (adj, n) foam; (n) choler. realm: (n) area, domain, field, country, delighted, detective novel, ecstatic, gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race, region, nation, department, arena, elated, jubilant, happy, glad, excited. spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v) fly; land, empire, ground. ANTONYM: (adj) disappointed.

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To show some reason, of no little force, That York is most unmeet of any man.% YORK. I'll tell thee, Suffolk, why I am unmeet: First, for I cannot flatter thee in pride; Next, if I be appointed for the place, My Lord of Somerset will keep me here, Without discharge, money, or furniture, Till France be won into the Dauphin's hands. Last time, I danc'd attendance on his will Till Paris was besieg'd, famish'd, and lost. WARWICK. That can I witness; and a fouler fact Did never traitor in the land commit. SUFFOLK. Peace, headstrong Warwick! WARWICK. Image of pride, why should I hold my peace? [Enter HORNER and his man PETER, guarded.] SUFFOLK. Because here is a man accus'd of treason. Pray God the Duke of York excuse himself! YORK. Doth any one accuse York for a traitor? KING. What mean'st thou, Suffolk? tell me, what are these? SUFFOLK. Please it your majesty, this is the man That doth accuse his master of high treason. His words were these: that Richard Duke of York

Thesaurus accuse: (v) charge, incriminate, headlong; (adj, v) ungovernable. submit, intrust, leave, give. ANTONYMS: (v) stop, desist, divest, ANTONYMS: (adj) tractable, arraign, denounce, defame, criminate, indict, fault, betray, end, idle, withhold, wait, cease, keep, compliant, amenable, docile, condemn, inculpate. ANTONYMS: refuse. malleable, agreeable, cautious. (v) absolve, exculpate, exonerate, flatter: (v) fawn, adulate, wheedle, traitor: (n) betrayer, conspirator, praise, support, clear. cajole, soap, kowtow, blandish, Judas, renegade, rat, quisling, appointed: (adj) specified, prescribed, grovel, butter up; (n, v) court; (n) deserter, cheat, collaborationist; (adj) caress. ANTONYMS: (v) insult, destined, ordained, fit, set, fitted, insurgent, mutineer. ANTONYMS: (n) loyalist, patriot. commissioned, nominated, disparage, criticize, discourage. designated; (v) appoint. headstrong: (adj) intractable, dogged, unmeet: (adj) unbefitting, commit: (v) consign, assign, charge, obstinate, disobedient, unruly, inappropriate, inapt, unbecoming, confide, dedicate, apply, entrust, willful, wayward, froward, rash, unseemly, unsuitable.

28

King Henry VI, Part II

Was rightful heir unto the English crown, And that your majesty was an usurper.% KING. Say, man, were these thy words? HORNER. An 't shall please your majesty, I never said nor thought any such matter; God is my witness, I am falsely accused by the villain. PETER. By these ten bones, my lords, he did speak them to me in the garret one night, as we were scouring my Lord of York's armour. YORK. Base dunghill villain and mechanical, I'll have thy head for this thy traitor's speech.-I do beseech your royal majesty, Let him have all the rigour of the law. HORNER. Alas, my lord, hang me if ever I spake the words. My accuser is my prentice; and when I did correct him for his fault the other day, he did vow upon his knees he would be even with me. I have good witness of this; therefore I beseech your majesty, do not cast away an honest man for a villain's accusation. KING. Uncle, what shall we say to this in law? GLOSTER. This doom, my lord, if I may judge: Let Somerset be Regent o'er the French, Because in York this breeds suspicion; And let these have a day appointed them For single combat in convenient place,

Thesaurus accuser: (n) complainant, informer, falsely: (adv) incorrectly, fraudulently, disputant, controversialist, accusant, deceptively, dishonestly, wrongly, pursuer, delator, petitioner, erroneously, misleadingly, prosecutor, claimant, appeacher. deceitfully, unfaithfully, spuriously, beseech: (v) beg, crave, implore, ask, fictitiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) request, adjure, pray, sue, appeal, honestly, truthfully, faithfully, solicit, plead. ANTONYMS: (v) give, authentically, correctly, naturally, offer, grant, reject. rightly. dunghill: (adj) base, craven, jakes, garret: (n) cockloft, loft, attic, house sink, recreant, privy; (n) top, storey, level, upper story, story, unsanitariness, laystall, mixen, dome, noggin, classical Greek. knees: (n) knee. muckheap, muckhill.

o'er: (adv) on, upon, across. prentice: (n) novice, learner, beginner, tyro, tiro, disciple, labor, assimilator; (adj) inexperienced, crude. rigour: (n) hardship, hardness, grimness, rigidity, strict, rigor, rigorousness, asperity, cruelty, acrimony, severity. scouring: (n) scrub, scrubbing, cleansing, rub, cleaning, washing, erosion, mopping, hunt, cleanup, chaparral.

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For he hath witness of his servant's malice. This is the law, and this Duke Humphrey's doom.% SOMERSET. I humbly thank your royal Majesty. HORNER. And I accept the combat willingly. PETER. Alas, my lord, I cannot fight; for God's sake, pity my case. The spite of man prevaileth against me. O Lord, have mercy upon me! I shall never be able to fight a blow! O Lord, my heart! GLOSTER. Sirrah, or you must fight or else be hang'd. KING. Away with them to prison; and the day of combat shall be the last of the next month.--Come, Somerset, we'll see thee sent away. [Flourish. Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. GLOSTER'S GARDEN [Enter MARGERY BOLINGBROKE.]

JOURDAIN,

HUME,

SOUTHWELL,

and

HUME. Come, my masters; the duchess, I tell you, expects performance of your promises. BOLINGBROKE. Master Hume, we are therefore provided; will her ladyship behold and hear our exorcisms?

Thesaurus behold: (v) see, view, contemplate, regard, perceive, observe, look, consider, discern, descry, watch. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, disregard, ignore, overlook. combat: (n, v) fight, clash, encounter, conflict, war; (n) contest, action, brawl, fighting, fray, hostility. ANTONYMS: (n) peace; (v) cooperate, agree, pacify, surrender, compromise, favor. duchess: (n) princess, queen, lady,

czarina, begum, margravine, noblewoman, peeress, marchioness, sultana, infanta. ladyship: (n) madam. pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) mercy, commiseration, condolence, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) sympathize, compassionate, feel sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy. spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred, malevolence, rancour, venom, rancor,

maliciousness, ill will, animosity; (n, v) pique. ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n) benevolence, goodwill, love, affection, harmony. willingly: (adv) readily, voluntarily, cheerfully, spontaneously, helpfully, disposedly, actively, openly, obligingly, eagerly; (adj, adv) freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) grudgingly, reluctantly, uncooperatively, unenthusiastically.

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King Henry VI, Part II

HUME. Ay, what else? fear you not her courage.% BOLINGBROKE. I have heard her reported to be a woman of an invincible spirit: but it shall be convenient, Master Hume, that you be by her aloft while we be busy below; and so, I pray you go, in God's name, and leave us.--[Exit HUME.] Mother Jourdain, be you prostrate and grovel on the earth.--John Southwell, read you; and let us to our work. [Enter DUCHESS aloft, HUME following.] DUCHESS. Well said, my masters; and welcome all. To this gear the sooner the better. BOLINGBROKE. Patience, good lady, wizards know their times: Deep night, dark night, the silent of the night, The time of night when Troy was set on fire, The time when screech-owls cry and ban-dogs howl And spirits walk and ghosts break up their graves, That time best fits the work we have in hand. Madam, sit you and fear not; whom we raise, We will make fast within a hallow'd verge. [Here they do the ceremonies belonging, and make the circle; BOLINGBROKE or SOUTHWELL reads, Conjuro te, etc. It thunders and lightens terribly; then the Spirit riseth.] SPIRIT. Adsum. M. JOURDAIN. Asmath, By the eternal God, whose name and power Thou tremblest at, answer that I shall ask; For till thou speak thou shalt not pass from hence.

Thesaurus belonging: (adj) appertaining, gear: (n, v) outfit, harness; (n) fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm, appertinent, apropos, apposite; (n) equipment, dress, apparatus, device, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj) household, family, appendage, baggage, thing, kit, belongings, stuff. deject, knock down. ANTONYM: (adj) upright. appurtenance, intimacy, commodity, invincible: (adj) insurmountable, closeness. ANTONYM: (n) antipathy. unbeatable, insuperable, sooner: (adj, adv) rather, earlier, before, eternal: (adj) constant, perpetual, preferably, instead; (adv) first, before impregnable, irresistible, ceaseless, everlasting, lasting, unconquerable, unyielding, now, faster, previously, beforehand; (adj) prior. continual, aeonian, immortal, unquenchable, proof against, verge: (n, v) edge, skirt; (n) boundary, boundless, deathless, enduring. impassable, invulnerable. ANTONYMS: (adj) mortal, finite, ANTONYMS: (adj) defenseless, brink, margin, limit, rim, bound, brim, side; (v) bend. ANTONYMS: brief, ephemeral, fleeting, terminable, powerless, weak, feeble. prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, level, (n) end, middle; (v) retreat. ending, fragile, inconstant.

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SPIRIT. Ask what thou wilt. That I had said and done! BOLINGBROKE. [Reads] 'First of the king: what shall of him become?' SPIRIT. The duke yet lives that Henry shall depose, But him outlive and die a violent death.% [As the SPIRIT speaks, SOUTHWELL writes the answer.] BOLINGBROKE. 'What fates await the Duke of Suffolk?' SPIRIT. By water shall he die and take his end. BOLINGBROKE. [Reads] 'What shall befall the Duke of Somerset?' SPIRIT. Let him shun castles; Safer shall he be upon the sandy plains Than where castles mounted stand. Have done, for more I hardly can endure. BOLINGBROKE. Descend to darkness and the burning lake! False fiend, avoid! [Thunder and lightning. Exit SPIRIT.] [Enter the DUKE OF YORK and the DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM with their Guard and break in YORK.] Lay hands upon these traitors and their trash.-Beldam, I think we watch'd you at an inch. What, madam, are you there? the king and commonweal Are deeply indebted for this piece of pains;

Thesaurus await: (v) anticipate, abide, bide, tarry, resign, quit, collapse. fates: (adj) book of fate, Parcae, sky; (n) wait, attend, look, hope, approach, loom, come on. ANTONYM: (v) fortune, the fates. fiend: (n) monster, devil, fanatic, doubt. befall: (v) bechance, become, happen, brute, deuce, incubus, goblin, ogre, fall, arise, come about, occur, betide, enthusiast, daemon, addict. ANTONYM: (n) angel. chance, transpire, pass. endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support; indebted: (adj) grateful, appreciative, (n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v) thankful, obliged, liable, insolvent, accept, undergo, allow, stay, tolerate. broke; (prep) beholden, debted; (n) ANTONYMS: (v) perish, die, break, debtor; (v) owe. ANTONYM: (adj) fall, discontinue, crumble, end, enjoy, ungrateful.

mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting, mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated. ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted. outlive: (v) survive, live, endure, overlive, live through, make it, overbide, overcome, remain, supervive, subsist. shun: (v) evade, escape, elude, dodge, flee, refuse, shirk, ostracize, banish, parry; (adj, v) eschew. ANTONYMS: (v) befriend, invite, seek, welcome, woo, court, participate, include.

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King Henry VI, Part II

My lord protector will, I doubt it not, See you well guerdon'd for these good deserts.% DUCHESS. Not half so bad as thine to England's king, Injurious duke, that threatest where's no cause. BUCKINGHAM. True, madam, none at all; what call you this?-Away with them! let them be clapp'd up close, And kept asunder.--You, madam, shall with us.-Stafford, take her to thee.-[Exeunt above, DUCHESS and HUME, guarded.] We'll see your trinkets here all forthcoming.-All, away! [Exeunt guard with JOURDAIN, SOUTHWELL, etc.] YORK. Lord Buckingham, methinks you watch'd her well; A pretty plot, well chosen to build upon! Now, pray, my lord, let's see the devil's writ. What have we here? [Reads] 'The duke yet lives that Henry shall depose. But him outlive and die a violent death.' Why, this is just 'Aio te, Aeacida, Romanos vincere posse.' Well, to the rest: 'Tell me what fate awaits the Duke of Suffolk? By water shall he die and take his end. What shall betide the Duke of Somerset? Let him shun castles; Safer shall he be upon the sandy plains Than where castles mounted stand.'--

Thesaurus betide: (v) bechance, come, become, expose, neglect, reveal; (n) attacker. farinaceous, dusty, sandy laverock, plot: (n, v) plan, intrigue, cabal, plat, nimble. ANTONYM: (adj) transpire, occur, happen, develop, scheme, design, chart; (n) lot, patch, arise, be, rise, break. argillaceous. fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck, graph; (v) conspire. trinkets: (n) finery, jewels. pretty: (adj) fair, graceful, lovely, violent: (adj, n) rough, furious, fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment, portion, lot; (v) destine, designate. handsome, attractive, charming, tempestuous, severe, turbulent, ANTONYMS: (n) will, design, choice, good-looking, picturesque, dainty; boisterous, powerful; (adj, v) (n) nice; (adv) very. ANTONYMS: vehement; (adj) raging, intense, accident, chance. guard: (n) defense, protection, escort, (adj) plain, unattractive, modern, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, bulwark, watchman, custody, fender; inelegant; (adv) extremely. calm, nonviolent, mild, passive, (n, v) care, shield, cover; (adj, n, v) sandy: (adj) gritty, granular, sabulous, moderate, pleasant, slight, refined, ward. ANTONYMS: (v) endanger, arenaceous, powdery, mealy, loose, relaxed, friendly.

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Come, come, my lords; These oracles are hardly attain'd, And hardly understood. The king is now in progress towards Saint Alban's, With him the husband of this lovely lady. Thither go these news, as fast as horse can carry them; A sorry breakfast for my lord protector.% BUCKINGHAM. Your Grace shall give me leave, my Lord of York, To be the post, in hope of his reward. YORK. At your pleasure, my good lord.-Who's within there, ho! [Enter a SERVINGMAN.] Invite my Lords of Salisbury and Warwick To sup with me to-morrow night. Away! [Exeunt.]

Thesaurus breakfast: (n) repast, banquet, dejeuner, mealtime, feast, meal; (v) sup, take tea, eat, have a meal, dine. fast: (adj, v) firm; (adj) dissolute, instant, agile, staunch, quick, hurried, fixed, rapid; (adv) soon, hard. ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly, loosely, sluggishly; (n) binge; (adj) sluggish, loose, unattached, plodding; (adj, adv) leisurely; (v) gorge, eat. horse: (n, v) mount; (n) buck, heroin, junk, charger, knight, pony, rider,

trestle, eohippus, dog. lovely: (adj) beautiful, charming, lovable, enchanting, delightful, handsome, alluring, elegant, endearing, gorgeous; (adv) comely. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, hideous, ugly, unattractive, horrifying, horrid, unappealing, repellent, detestable, dreadful, awkward. pleasure: (n) fun, enjoyment, delectation, joy, comfort, happiness,

mirth, inclination; (n, v) contentment, content; (adj, n, v) gratification. ANTONYMS: (n) irritation, nuisance, boredom, ache, displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, pain, sadness, worry, anguish. reward: (n, v) recompense, return, compensation, guerdon, wage, meed, prize, bribe; (v) repay, requite; (n) payment. ANTONYMS: (n) penalty, sentence; (v) dishonor, penalize.

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ACT II

SCENE I. SAINT ALBAN'S.% [Enter the KING, QUEEN, GLOSTER, CARDINAL, and SUFFOLK, with FALCONERS hallooing.] QUEEN. Believe me, lords, for flying at the brook, I saw not better sport these seven years' day; Yet, by your leave, the wind was very high, And, ten to one, old Joan had not gone out. KING. But what a point, my lord, your falcon made, And what a pitch she flew above the rest! To see how God in all His creatures works! Yea, man and birds are fain of climbing high. SUFFOLK. No marvel, an it like your majesty, My lord protector's hawks do tower so well; They know their master loves to be aloft, And bears his thoughts above his falcon's pitch.

Thesaurus climbing: (n) climb, ascension, mounting, mountain climbing, mountaineering, rock climbing, acclivity; (v) ascending, uprise, arise; (adj) scandent. fain: (adj) willing, prepared, ready, favorable, heart and soul, prone; (adv) gladly, lief, readily, willingly; (v) optative. falcon: (n) caracara, thug, freebooter, mosstrooper, peregrine falcon, harpy, Merlin, land shark, shark, hobby,

dacoit. flying: (adj) fast, quick, rapid, swift, moving, flaring, aflare; (n) fly, flight, aviation, ballooning. hawks: (n) Falconiformes, caracaras, order Falconiformes, harriers. marvel: (n, v) wonder; (n) prodigy, curiosity, phenomenon, amazement, miracle, portent, marl, surprise, admiration; (v) admire. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) nightmare. pitch: (n, v) fling, cast, degree, dip, tilt,

lurch, toss, throw, slant; (v) chuck, hurl. saint: (v) canonize; (n) holy man, evangelist, apostle, jimdandy, jimhickey, crackerjack, holy person, ideal, apotheosis; (adj) sacred. seven: (adj, n) VII; (n) September, septet, week, nine, knave, king, jack, queen, digit, Sevener. tower: (n) column, spire, steeple, pinnacle, pylon, castle; (adj, n) pillar; (v) ascend, rise, loom, arise.

36

King Henry VI, Part II

GLOSTER. My lord, 't is but a base ignoble mind That mounts no higher than a bird can soar.% CARDINAL. I thought as much; he would be above the clouds. GLOSTER. Ay, my lord cardinal? how think you by that? Were it not good your grace could fly to heaven? KING. The treasury of everlasting joy. CARDINAL. Thy heaven is on earth; thine eyes and thoughts Beat on a crown, the treasure of thy heart, Pernicious protector, dangerous peer, That smooth'st it so with king and commonweal. GLOSTER. What, cardinal, is your priesthood grown peremptory? Tantaene animis coelestibus irae? Churchmen so hot? good uncle, hide such malice; With such holiness can you do it? SUFFOLK. No malice, sir; no more than well becomes So good a quarrel and so bad a peer. GLOSTER. As who, my lord? SUFFOLK. Why, as you, my lord, An 't like your lordly lord-protectorship. GLOSTER. Why, Suffolk, England knows thine insolence.

Thesaurus clouds: (n) exhaust, fumes, gas, smoke, vapors. commonweal: (n) good, commonwealth. everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless, endless, constant, continual, perpetual, immortal, deathless, ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting. ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, ephemeral, fleeting, mortal, ending, terminating, inconstant, fragile, perishable. holiness: (n) sanctity, godliness, piety,

religion, righteousness, goodness, devotion, divinity, faithfulness, halidom; (adj, n) religiousness. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, unholiness. ignoble: (adj) contemptible, abject, base, dishonorable, disgraceful, beggarly, mean, humble, degraded, despicable, caddish. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, glorious. malice: (n) spite, animosity, enmity, venom, ill will, hatred, malevolence,

cruelty, envy, hate, spleen. ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill, benevolence, affection, goodness. mounts: (adj) mounted. peer: (n, v) peep; (n) noble, mate, equal, equivalent, compeer, nobleman, fellow, associate; (v) peek, gaze. ANTONYMS: (v) glance, stare. priesthood: (n) ministry, apostleship, clericals, profession, the desk, the cloth, church government, clerical, community, hierarch, presbytery.

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QUEEN. And thy ambition, Gloster.% KING. I prithee, peace, good queen, And whet not on these furious peers; For blessed are the peacemakers on earth. CARDINAL. Let me be blessed for the peace I make Against this proud protector, with my sword! GLOSTER. [Aside to CARDINAL.] Faith, holy uncle, would 't were come to that! CARDINAL. [Aside to GLOSTER.] Marry, when thou dar'st. GLOSTER. [Aside to CARDINAL.] Make up no factious numbers for the matter; In thine own person answer thy abuse. CARDINAL. [Aside to GLOSTER.] Ay, where thou dar'st not peep; an if thou dar'st, This evening, on the east side of the grove. KING. How now, my lords! CARDINAL. Believe me, cousin Gloster, Had not your man put up the fowl so suddenly, We had had more sport.--

Thesaurus ambition: (n) aim, hope, goal, drive, ambitiousness, wish, dream, purpose, target, objective, intention. ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, contentment, sloth, laziness, lethargy. blessed: (adj) happy, holy, cursed, sacred, damned, hallowed, blasted, fortunate, saintly, lucky, divine. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky, condemned, damned, disapproved, unhappy, unholy, secular. cousin: (n) nephew, cousins, friend,

cousinship, relation, akin, relative, coppice, wood, gardens, residences, full cousin, companion. Holt, bosquet, park, Hurst. factious: (adj) rebellious, seditious, peep: (n, v) glance, peek, look, gaze, glint, squeal; (n) glimpse, cheep; (v) divisive, quarrelsome, turbulent, chirp, peer, pry. ANTONYMS: (v) contumacious, mutinous, willful, stare, gaze; (n) examination. argumentative, contentious, demagogical. ANTONYMS: (adj) prithee: (v) pray; (int) prythee. whet: (v) quicken, excite, grind, stir, harmonious, agreeing, cooperative. fowl: (n) poultry, bird, domestic fowl, stimulate, hone; (n) goad, spur, fillip, stimulus; (adj) point. ANTONYMS: chick, cochin, birds, partlet, poult, (v) blunt, dishearten, dull, dampen, hen, fowls, rooster. grove: (n) forest, orchard, thicket, quench.

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[Aside to Gloster.] Come with thy two-hand sword.% GLOSTER. True, uncle. CARDINAL. [Aside to GLOSTER.] Are ye advis'd? the east side of the grove? GLOSTER. [Aside to CARDINAL.] Cardinal, I am with you. KING. Why, how now, uncle Gloster! GLOSTER. Talking of hawking; nothing else, my lord.-[Aside to CARDINAL.] Now, by God's mother, priest, I'll shave your crown for this, Or all my fence shall fail. CARDINAL. [Aside to GLOSTER.]

Medice, teipsum-Protector, see to 't well, protect yourself.

KING. The winds grow high; so do your stomachs, lords. How irksome is this music to my heart! When such strings jar, what hope of harmony? I pray, my lords, let me compound this strife. [Enter a TOWNSMAN of Saint Alban's, crying 'A miracle!'] GLOSTER. What means this noise? Fellow, what miracle dost thou proclaim?

Thesaurus compound: (n, v) blend, mix, (adj) boring, dull, annoying, tedious, annunciate. compromise; (adj, n) complex, shave: (v) scrape, reduce, pare, cut, trying, burdensome, bothersome, composite; (v) combine, amalgamate; irritating, prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj) brush, chip, whittle, crop; (adj, v) clip, (n) mixture, amalgam, combination, shear, lop. ANTONYMS: (v) delightful, pleasant, refreshing, concoction. ANTONYMS: (v) divide, soothing. augment, expand, lengthen. separate, simplify, unmix; (n) miracle: (adj, n) wonder, prodigy; (n) strife: (n) discord, disagreement, element; (adj) few. phenomenon, mystery, wonderwork, dissension, conflict, competition, hawking: (v) angling, fishing, peddle, surprise, sensation, event, theurgy, feud, fight; (adj, n, v) dispute, debate; shooting; (n) Stephen hawking, (n, v) controversy; (adj, n) quarrel. astonishment, amazement. proclaim: (v) declare, assert, advertise, ANTONYMS: (n) accord, colportage, peddlery, vendition, Stephen William hawking, vending. broadcast, promulgate, enunciate, cooperation, calm, peace. irksome: (adj, v) wearisome, tiresome; herald, decree, divulge, notify,

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TOWNSMAN. A miracle! A miracle! SUFFOLK. Come to the king, and tell him what miracle.% TOWNSMAN. Forsooth, a blind man at Saint Alban's shrine, Within this half hour, hath receiv'd his sight; A man that ne'er saw in his life before. KING. Now, God be prais'd, that to believing souls Gives light in darkness, comfort in despair! [Enter the MAYOR of Saint Alban's and his brethren, bearing SIMPCOX, between two in a chair, SIMPCOX's WIFE following.] CARDINAL. Here comes the townsmen on procession, To present your highness with the man. KING HENRY. Great is his comfort in this earthly vale, Although by his sight his sin be multiplied. GLOSTER. Stand by, my masters. Bring him near the king; His highness' pleasure is to talk with him. KING. Good fellow, tell us here the circumstance, That we for thee may glorify the Lord. What, hast thou been long blind and now restor'd? SIMPCOX. Born blind, an 't please your grace.

Thesaurus bearing: (n, v) demeanor; (n) manner, direction, deportment, conduct, attitude, aspect, approach, appearance, respect, air. ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance, irrelevance; (adj) nonbearing. believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful, basic cognitive process, gullible, Catholic, religious, loyal, certain, Christian, credent. brethren: (n) congregation, assembly, brother, people, laity, family, flock,

ANTONYMS: (v) profane, mock, fold. despair: (n) disappointment, dishonor, condemn, humiliate. grace: (adj, v) adorn; (v) garnish, deck, desolation, dejection, melancholy, gloom, desperation, depression, embellish, beautify, decorate, dismay, discouragement, pessimism, embroider; (adj, n, v) favor; (n) sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, elegance, beauty; (adj, n) clemency. ANTONYMS: (n) unseemliness, hopefulness, expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness, resilience, elation, awkwardness, disfavor, inelegance, heaviness, unkindness; (v) deface, joyfulness. glorify: (n, v) exalt, dignify, adore, demean. honor; (v) extol, bless, eulogize, ne'er: (adv) never, certainly not. commend, laud, praise, canonize.

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WIFE. Ay indeed was he.% SUFFOLK. What woman is this? WIFE. His wife, an 't like your worship. GLOSTER. Hadst thou been his mother, thou couldst have better told. KING. Where wert thou born? SIMPCOX. At Berwick in the north, an 't like your grace. KING. Poor soul, God's goodness hath been great to thee; Let never day nor night unhallow'd pass, But still remember what the Lord hath done. QUEEN. Tell me, good fellow, cam'st thou here by chance, Or of devotion, to this holy shrine? SIMPCOX. God knows, of pure devotion; being call'd A hundred times and oftener, in my sleep, By good Saint Alban, who said 'Simpcox, come, Come, offer at my shrine, and I will help thee.' WIFE. Most true, forsooth; and many time and oft Myself have heard a voice to call him so. CARDINAL. What, art thou lame?

Thesaurus devotion: (n) allegiance, attachment, ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness, personification, ghost, individual, mind, essence, life, self; (adj, n) heart. dedication, loyalty, worship, badness, corruptness, bad, ANTONYMS: (n) surface, body. affection, enthusiasm, fondness, immorality, corruption. devotedness; (adj, n) veneration, lame: (adj) crippled, disabled, halting, worship: (n) adoration, veneration, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) disloyalty, feeble, halt, weak, paralytic; (adj, n) adulation, cult, homage; (n, v) game; (adj, v) paralyze, maim, negligence, apathy, disobedience, reverence, respect, honor, revere, adore, glorify. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, hatred, separation, becripple. shrine: (n) monument, place of dishonesty, infidelity. disrespect, dishonor, despise, goodness: (adj, n) generosity, deprecate, scorn; (n) disdain, worship, altar, sanctuary, temple, kindness, gentleness; (n) good, house of worship, cenotaph, oracle, disparagement, contempt, excellence, benefit, virtue, worth, tabernacle, church, grave. detestation. morality; (adj) favor, beneficence. soul: (n) creature, human, person,

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SIMPCOX. Ay, God Almighty help me! SUFFOLK. How cam'st thou so? SIMPCOX. A fall off of a tree.% WIFE. A plum-tree, master. GLOSTER. How long hast thou been blind? SIMPCOX. O, born so, master! GLOSTER. What, and wouldst climb a tree? SIMPCOX. But that in all my life, when I was a youth. WIFE. Too true; and bought his climbing very dear. GLOSTER. Mass, thou lov'dst plums well that wouldst venture so. SIMPCOX. Alas, good master, my wife desir'd some damsons, And made me climb, with danger of my life. GLOSTER. A subtle knave! but yet it shall not serve.-Let me see thine eyes.--Wink now;--now open them. In my opinion yet thou seest not well. SIMPCOX. Yes, master, clear as day, I thank God and Saint Alban.

Thesaurus blind: (n) curtain, shutter, veil, drape, awning, trick; (v) bedazzle, dazzle, daze; (adj) sightless; (adj, v) obscure. ANTONYMS: (adj) sighted, uncovered, understanding, sharp, seeing, revealed, quick, perceptive, open, controlled, cautious. climb: (v) ascend, arise, scale, escalate, go up, scramble; (n, v) clamber, mount, increase; (n) ascent, jump. ANTONYMS: (n, v) drop; (n) descent; (v) wane, dismount, plummet.

danger: (n) risk, peril, hazard, chance, pedigree, kurchee, quandong, poon, jeopardy, threat, trouble, platan, lemonwood, lancewood, precariousness, slipperiness, disaster, lacebark. insecurity. ANTONYMS: (n) security, venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake, ease, privilege. peril, attempt, gamble, adventure; subtle: (adj) delicate, sharp, nice, (adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation, danger; (v) endanger. acute, astute, insidious, exquisite, elusive; (adj, v) shrewd, sly, crafty. youth: (n) youngster, young person, ANTONYMS: (adj) loud, bright, lad, juvenile, boy, adolescence, kid, considerable, tactless, overpowering, younker, stripling, juvenility; (adj, n) young. ANTONYMS: (n) adulthood, harsh, concrete, dark. tree: (n) gallows, gibbet, stem, adult, ripeness, maturity, aged.

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GLOSTER. Say'st thou me so? What colour is this cloak of? SIMPCOX. Red, master, red as blood.% GLOSTER. Why, that's well said. What colour is my gown of? SIMPCOX. Black, forsooth, coal-black as jet. KING. Why, then, thou know'st what colour jet is of? SUFFOLK. And yet, I think, jet did he never see. GLOSTER. But cloaks and gowns before this day, a many. WIFE. Never before this day in all his life. GLOSTER. Tell me, sirrah, what's my name? SIMPCOX. Alas, master, I know not. GLOSTER. What's his name? SIMPCOX. I know not. GLOSTER. Nor his? SIMPCOX. No, indeed, master.

Thesaurus cloak: (n, v) veil, mask, camouflage, wrap, masquerade, screen, pall; (n) cape; (v) conceal, dissemble, hide. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, uncloak, unmask; (n, v) uncover. colour: (n) coloration, coloring, colors, semblance, vividness, pretext, pretence, colouring, guise; (v) redden, discolor. ANTONYMS: (n) colorlessness; (v) discolor. gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock, vestment, wrapper, overclothes,

outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes; (v) clothe. indeed: (adv) certainly, exactly, in reality, surely, of course, assuredly, as a matter of fact, admittedly; (adj, adv) really, much; (n) yes. ANTONYMS: (adv) possibly, doubtfully. master: (n) captain, instructor, lord; (v) control, conquer, command, dominate, defeat; (adj, n) original, head, ace. ANTONYMS: (n)

underling, servant, novice, amateur. name: (v) appoint, describe, baptize, list, enumerate, identify, cite, mention; (n, v) title, entitle; (n) epithet. ANTONYMS: (n) nobody, indecency. never: (adv) ne'er, Nevers, always, not ever, by no means, at all times, not at all, not, NE. ANTONYMS: (adv) always, forever.

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GLOSTER. What's thine own name? SIMPCOX. Saunder Simpcox, an if it please you, master.% GLOSTER. Then, Saunder, sit there, the lyingest knave in Christendom. If thou hadst been born blind, thou mightst as well have known all our names as thus to name the several colours we do wear. Sight may distinguish of colours; but suddenly to nominate them all, it is impossible.--My lords, Saint Alban here hath done a miracle; and would ye not think his cunning to be great that could restore this cripple to his legs again? SIMPCOX. O master, that you could! GLOSTER. My masters of Saint Alban's, have you not beadles in your town, and things called whips? MAYOR. Yes, my lord, if it please your grace. GLOSTER. Then send for one presently. MAYOR. Sirrah, go fetch the beadle hither straight. [Exit an ATTENDANT.] GLOSTER. Now fetch me a stool hither by and by.--Now, sirrah, if you mean to save yourself from whipping, leap me over this stool and run away. SIMPCOX. Alas, master, I am not able to stand alone; You go about to torture me in vain.

Thesaurus beadle: (n) verger, catchpoll, almoner, hitherward, thither. functionary, sacristan, sexton, janitor, nominate: (n, v) appoint, designate, Suisse, tipstaff, officer, George Wells name, call; (v) constitute, establish, make, institute, assign; (n) entitle, beadle. cripple: (adj, v) maim, prostrate; (v) nomination. torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, mutilate, enfeeble, injure, incapacitate, weaken, becripple; (n, v) afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering, damage; (n) invalid; (adj) paralyze. excruciation, grief; (v) rack, ANTONYMS: (v) support, excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief, strengthen, invigorate, help, fortify, alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy, pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate. enable, aid. hither: (adv) here, whither, vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited,

fruitless, idle, empty, abortive, ineffectual, unproductive, narcissistic; (adj, v) useless. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful, possible, persuasive, selfless, fruitful, humble, useful, responsible, worthwhile, effective. whipping: (n) flagellation, beating, thrashing, licking, lashing, flogging, overcasting, debacle, slaughter, overlocking; (adj) snappy.

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[Enter A BEADLE with whips.] GLOSTER. Well, sir, we must have you find your legs.-Sirrah beadle, whip him till he leap over that same stool.% BEADLE. I will, my lord.--Come on, sirrah; off with your doublet quickly. SIMPCOX. Alas, master, what shall I do? I am not able to stand. [After the BEADLE hath hit him once, he leaps over the stool and runs away; and they follow and cry, 'A miracle!'] KING. O God, seest Thou this, and bearest so long? QUEEN. It made me laugh to see the villain run. GLOSTER. Follow the knave, and take this drab away. WIFE. Alas, sir, we did it for pure need! GLOSTER. Let them be whipped through every market-town till they come to Berwick, from whence they came. [Exeunt WIFE, BEADLE, MAYOR, etc.] CARDINAL. Duke Humphrey has done a miracle to-day. SUFFOLK. True; made the lame to leap and fly away. GLOSTER. But you have done more miracles than I; You made in a day, my lord, whole towns to fly.

Thesaurus doublet: (n) pair, couple, waistcoat, laughter, cackle. ANTONYM: (v) crook, reprobate, varlet, rapscallion. ANTONYMS: (n) heroine, hero. CHUDDER, barbe, gabardine, weep. leap: (n, v) bound, spring, bounce, whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence, double, jacket, jubbah, oilskins, caper, dive, vault, lunge; (v) dance, camisole. because, for, why, wherefore, how, drab: (adj) dreary, gloomy, dingy, hop, start; (n) curvet. ANTONYMS: then, then thence so, how comes it, (n, v) plummet; (v) surface, drop, cheerless, somber, boring, dowdy, how happens it. hesitate; (n) slump. whip: (n, v) lash, strap, goad; (v) flog, dark, colorless, dull, depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj) colorful, vivid, stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, flagellate, beat, punish, thrash, brilliant, chic, flashy, interesting, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, trounce, stir, wallop. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, return. cheerful, distinctive, smart, strong. droppings, bowel movement, form. laugh: (n, v) joke, giggle, chortle, titter, villain: (n) rascal, scoundrel, rogue, whipped: (v) whipt. snicker; (v) smile; (n) jest, gag, jape, knave, miscreant, criminal, bandit,

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[Enter BUCKINGHAM.] KING. What tidings with our cousin Buckingham? BUCKINGHAM. Such as my heart doth tremble to unfold. A sort of naughty persons, lewdly bent, Under the countenance and confederacy Of Lady Eleanor, the protector's wife, The ringleader and head of all this rout, Have practis'd dangerously against your state, Dealing with witches and with conjurers, Whom we have apprehended in the fact, Raising up wicked spirits from underground, Demanding of King Henry's life and death, And other of your highness' privy-council, As more at large your Grace shall understand.% CARDINAL. And so, my lord protector, by this means Your lady is forthcoming yet at London. [Aside to GLOSTER.] This news, I think, hath turn'd your weapon's edge; 'T is like, my lord, you will not keep your hour. GLOSTER. Ambitious churchman, leave to afflict my heart. Sorrow and grief have vanquish'd all my powers; And, vanquish'd as I am, I yield to thee, Or to the meanest groom. KING. O God, what mischiefs work the wicked ones, Heaping confusion on their own heads thereby!

Thesaurus afflict: (n, v) pain, distress; (v) trouble, grieve, torment, hurt, strike, aggrieve, smite, bother, disturb. ANTONYMS: (v) aid, comfort, encourage, help, soothe. apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized, understood, under arrest, in custody, detained, appreciated, comprehended. countenance: (n) aspect, expression, brow, complexion; (n, v) face, sanction, support, favor; (v) allow,

tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) bellwether, agitator, troublemaker, reject, oppose, discourage, chief, mastermind, inciter, precentor, disapprove, prohibit. insurgent, agent provocateur. groom: (n) equerry, bridegroom, tidings: (n) intelligence, information, stableman, hostler; (v) prepare, dress, message, report, word, advice, arrange, train, coach, tidy, curry. communication, dispute, wind, lewdly: (adv) libidinously, salaciously, statement, tiding. tremble: (adj, n, v) shiver; (n, v) quiver, lustfully, lasciviously, licentiously, shudder, thrill, palpitate; (adj, v) loosely, bawdily, wantonly, totter, quake; (n) throb; (v) flutter, unchastely, lecherously, ribaldly. meanest: (adj) last, least. quail, falter. ANTONYMS: (v) steady, ringleader: (n) conductor, fugleman, calm.

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QUEEN. Gloster, see here the tainture of thy nest; And look thyself be faultless, thou wert best.% GLOSTER. Madam, for myself, to heaven I do appeal, How I have lov'd my king and commonweal; And, for my wife, I know not how it stands. Sorry I am to hear what I have heard; Noble she is; but if she have forgot Honour and virtue, and convers'd with such As like to pitch defile nobility, I banish her my bed and company, And give her as a prey to law and shame, That hath dishonoured Gloster's honest name. KING. Well, for this night we will repose us here; To-morrow toward London back again, To look into this business thoroughly, And call these foul offenders to their answers, And poise the cause in justice' equal scales, Whose beam stands sure, whose rightful cause prevails. [Flourish. Exeunt.]

SCENE II. LONDON. THE DUKE OF YORK'S GARDEN. [Enter YORK, SALISBURY, and WARWICK.] YORK. Now, my good Lords of Salisbury and Warwick, Our simple supper ended, give me leave

Thesaurus banish: (v) dispel, expel, displace, relegate, oust, expatriate, eject, dismiss, transport, cast out; (adj, v) exile. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, embrace, adopt, invite, include. defile: (adj, v) debauch, pollute, stain, sully; (v) corrupt, contaminate, foul, taint, tarnish, infect; (n, v) soil. ANTONYMS: (v) purify, consecrate, conserve, honor, respect, sanctify, cleanse, praise. faultless: (adj) blameless, correct,

immaculate, clean, spotless, innocent, fragrant; (v) unclog. poise: (n) equilibrium, equanimity, flawless, unblemished, absolute, infallible, consummate. composure, assurance, parity, ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, bearing, calmness, cool, aplomb; (v) hover, brace. ANTONYMS: (n) imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled, blameworthy. unsteadiness, timidity, clumsiness, foul: (adj, v) nasty, base, corrupt, awkwardness, agitation, panic. coarse; (adj) filthy, disgusting, evil, repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm; unclean, putrid; (n, v) defile, soil. (n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure, ANTONYMS: (adj, v) clean, pure; recreation, relaxation; (v) lay. (adj) pleasant, fair, inoffensive, ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n) humane, attractive, honest, pleasing, activity, panic, agitation.

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In this close walk to satisfy myself, In craving your opinion of my title, Which is infallible, to England's crown.% SALISBURY. My lord, I long to hear it at full. WARWICK. Sweet York, begin; and if thy claim be good, The Nevils are thy subjects to command. YORK. Then thus: Edward the Third, my lords, had seven sons: The first, Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales; The second, William of Hatfield; and the third, Lionel Duke of Clarence; next to whom Was John of Gaunt, the Duke of Lancaster; The fifth was Edmund Langley, Duke of York; The sixth was Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloster; William of Windsor was the seventh and last. Edward the Black Prince died before his father And left behind him Richard, his only son, Who after Edward the Third's death reign'd as king; Till Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Lancaster, The eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, Crown'd by the name of Henry the Fourth, Seiz'd on the realm, depos'd the rightful king, Sent his poor queen to France, from whence she came, And him to Pomfret, where, as all you know, Harmless Richard was murther'd traitorously. WARWICK. Father, the duke hath told the truth; Thus got the house of Lancaster the crown.

Thesaurus craving: (n) appetite, addiction, appetence, eagerness, hankering, yen, hunger; (n, v) desire, appetency; (adj, n) longing; (adj) eager. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, hatred, distaste, repulsion, aversion, apathy, disinclination; (adj) unconcerned, disinterested. eldest: (adj) elder, older, oldest, eigne; (n) offspring, progeny, doyen. fifth: (n) interval, twenty percent, common fraction, fifth part; (adv)

fifthly; (v) decimate. infallible: (adj) sure, inevitable, positive, inerrable, unfailing, absolute, confident, definite, dependable; (adj, v) unerring; (n) sterling. ANTONYMS: (adj) fallible, faulty. queen: (n) king, lady, sovereign, monarch, dame, pansy, queer, faggot, princess, fairy, czarina. satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet, satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj, v)

content, fill, suffice, do. ANTONYMS: (v) intensify, displease, disappoint, disgruntle, frustrate. seventh: (n) common fraction, interval. sixth: (n) common fraction, interval, musical interval, simple fraction. traitorously: (adv) disloyally, falsely, treacherously, false, treasonously, unfaithfully, perfidiously, untruely, treasonably. ANTONYM: (adv) faithfully.

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YORK. Which now they hold by force and not by right; For Richard, the first son's heir, being dead, The issue of the next son should have reign'd.% SALISBURY. But William of Hatfield died without an heir. YORK. The third son, Duke of Clarence, from whose line I claim the crown, had issue, Philippe, a daughter, Who married Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March. Edmund had issue, Roger Earl of March; Roger had issue, Edmund, Anne, and Eleanor. SALISBURY. This Edmund, in the reign of Bolingbroke, As I have read, laid claim unto the crown; And, but for Owen Glendower, had been king, Who kept him in captivity till he died. But to the rest. YORK. His eldest sister, Anne, My mother, being heir unto the crown, Married Richard Earl of Cambridge, who was son To Edmund Langley, Edward the Third's fifth son. By her I claim the kingdom; she was heir To Roger Earl of March, who was the son Of Edmund Mortimer, who married Philippe, Sole daughter unto Lionel Duke of Clarence. So, if the issue of the elder son Succeed before the younger, I am king. WARWICK. What plain proceeding is more plain than this?

Thesaurus captivity: (n) incarceration, imprisonment, internment, slavery, thralldom, thrall, thraldom, limbo, restraint, fetters, enslavement. ANTONYMS: (n) release, emancipation, liberty. elder: (adj) older, big, adult; (n) dean, doyen, patriarch, ancient, boss, elderberry, superior, presbyter. ANTONYMS: (n) youngster, minor, child, inferior; (adj) youngest, younger, little.

laid: (adj) layed, lay, place, placed, put, situated, arranged, determined, dictated, hardened, ordered. plain: (adj) ordinary, comprehensible, intelligible, apparent, manifest, obvious, clear, simple; (adj, n) flat, homely, humble. ANTONYMS: (adj) elaborate, unclear, multicolored, mottled, ornate, concealed, attractive, confused, fussy, obscure, patterned. proceeding: (n) matter, transaction, affair, procedure, lawsuit,

proceedings; (v) deed, act; (n, v) measure; (adv, n) happening; (adj, adv, v) going on. reign: (v) govern, command, predominate, dominate, prevail; (n) dominance, dominion, control, government, administration, kingdom. till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller, drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to.

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Henry doth claim the crown from John of Gaunt, The fourth son; York claims it from the third. Till Lionel's issue fails, his should not reign; It fails not yet, but flourishes in thee And in thy sons, fair slips of such a stock.-Then, father Salisbury, kneel we together; And in this private plot be we the first That shall salute our rightful sovereign With honour of his birthright to the crown.% BOTH. Long live our sovereign Richard, England's king! YORK. We thank you, lords. But I am not your king Till I be crown'd, and that my sword be stain'd With heart-blood of the house of Lancaster; And that's not suddenly to be perform'd, But with advice and silent secrecy. Do you as I do in these dangerous days,-Wink at the Duke of Suffolk's insolence, At Beaufort's pride, at Somerset's ambition, At Buckingham, and all the crew of them, Till they have snar'd the shepherd of the flock, That virtuous prince, the good Duke Humphrey; 'T is that they seek, and they in seeking that Shall find their deaths, if York can prophesy. SALISBURY. My lord, break we off; we know your mind at full. WARWICK. My heart assures me that the Earl of Warwick Shall one day make the Duke of York a king.

Thesaurus birthright: (n) patrimony, inheritance, homage, celebrity, accolade, reputation; (n, v) honor; (v) respect, heritage, claim, right of celebrate, dignify. ANTONYMS: (n, primogeniture, tradition, legacy, demand, due, entitlement, heirloom. v) dishonor; (v) disrespect. crew: (n) cluster, gang, bunch, party, prophesy: (n, v) presage; (v) band, faction, crowd, assemblage, prognosticate, foretell, augur, team, group, set. foreshow, forecast, portend, flourishes: (n) added extras, foreshadow, forebode, bode, trappings, superfluities, trimmings, anticipate. seeking: (n) hunt, pursuit, hunting, accompaniments, additions, effort, pursuance; (adj) searching, embellishments. honour: (n) fame, award, dignity, zetetic; (prep) looking for.

shepherd: (n) clergyman, sheepman, minister, herdsman, sheepherder, priest, presbyter; (v) lead, conduct, guide, guard. silent: (adj, adv) motionless; (adj) dumb, tacit, mute, noiseless, reserved, placid, reticent, mum, taciturn, hush. ANTONYMS: (adj) spoken, talkative, loud, explicit, open, live, forthcoming, verbal, audible, talking, moving. slips: (n) pad.

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YORK. And, Nevil, this I do assure myself: Richard shall live to make the Earl of Warwick The greatest man in England but the king.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. A HALL OF JUSTICE. [Sound trumpets. Enter the KING, the QUEEN, GLOSTER, YORK, SUFFOLK, and SALISBURY; the DUCHESS OF GLOSTER, MARGERY JOURDAIN, SOUTHWELL, HUME, and BOLINGBROKE, under guard.] KING. Stand forth, Dame Eleanor Cobham, Gloster's wife. In sight of God and us, your guilt is great; Receive the sentence of the law for sins Such as by God's book are adjudg'd to death.-You four, from hence to prison back again, From thence unto the place of execution. The witch in Smithfield shall be burn'd to ashes, And you three shall be strangled on the gallows.-You, madam, for you are more nobly born, Despoiled of your honour in your life, Shall, after three days' open penance done, Live in your country here in banishment, With Sir John Stanley, in the Isle of Man. DUCHESS. Welcome is banishment; welcome were my death. GLOSTER. Eleanor, the law, thou seest, hath judged thee;

Thesaurus assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch; repentance, remorse, offence, guilty, (v) secure, persuade, satisfy, reassure, error, culpability, complicity, affirm, promise, ascertain; (adj, v) delinquency. ANTONYM: (n) ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) alarm, blamelessness. judged: (n) judging; (adj) guilty, disclaim, deny, disbelieve, undermine. deliberate, legal, lawful. banishment: (n) expulsion, ostracism, nobly: (adv) generously, ouster, proscription, relegation, magnificently, grandly, greatly, ejection, deportation, dismissal, splendidly, honorably, heroically, expatriation; (adj, n) exclusion; (adj) aristocratically, bravely, excommunication. magnanimously, courageously. guilt: (n) sin, criminality, fault, ANTONYMS: (adv) immorally,

poorly, timidly. penance: (n) atonement, sacrament, confession, compunction, penalty, expiation, remorse, repentance, punishment, reparation, hair shirt. strangled: (adj) smothered, completely covered, muffled, suppressed; (v) bowstringed. thence: (adv) therefore, thus, therefrom, thereof, consequently, then, so, thereafter, thenceforth, since, on account of.

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I cannot justify whom the law condemns.-[Exeunt DUCHESS and the other prisoners, guarded..] Mine eyes are full of tears, my heart of grief. Ah, Humphrey, this dishonour in thine age Will bring thy head with sorrow to the ground!-I beseech your majesty, give me leave to go; Sorrow would solace, and mine age would ease.% KING. Stay, Humphrey Duke of Gloster. Ere thou go, Give up thy staff; Henry will to himself Protector be, and God shall be my hope, My stay, my guide, and lantern to my feet. And go in peace, Humphrey, no less belov'd Than when thou wert protector to thy king. QUEEN. I see no reason why a king of years Should be to be protected like a child.-God and King Henry govern England's realm. Give up your staff, sir, and the king his realm. GLOSTER. My staff? Here, noble Henry, is my staff. As willingly do I the same resign As e'er thy father Henry made it mine; And even as willingly at thy feet I leave it As others would ambitiously receive it. Farewell, good king; when I am dead and gone, May honourable peace attend thy throne! [Exit.] QUEEN. Why, now is Henry king, and Margaret queen; And Humphrey Duke of Gloster scarce himself,

Thesaurus ambitiously: (adv) eagerly, aspiringly, distinguished, above-board, good, challengingly, enterprisingly, worthy, right, noble. difficultly, energetically, vaultingly, lantern: (n) beacon, light, dormer, pretentiously, avidly, hopefully, tube, lighting fitting, bedside light, desirously. street light, street lamp, oil lamp, dishonour: (v) discredit, disgrace, lime light, lanthorn. scarce: (adj) rare, insufficient, deficient, attaint, shame, degrade, desecrate, violate, rape, outrage; (n) stigma, infrequent, uncommon, scant, scanty, few, sparse; (adv) just, barely. opprobrium. e'er: (adv) ever, forever. ANTONYMS: (adj) plentiful, honourable: (adj) estimable, reverend, common, adequate, strong, usual, venerable, glorious, honorable, extensive.

solace: (n) consolation, relief, balm, solacement; (v) console, allay, relieve, recreate; (n, v) ease, cheer, support. ANTONYMS: (n) distress, grief. sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve; (v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache, repentance, remorse; (adj, n) sadness, misery; (adj, n, v) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight, happiness, peace, hopefulness, cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm, content; (v) rejoice.

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That bears so shrewd a maim; two pulls at once-His lady banish'd, and a limb lopp'd off. This staff of honour raught, there let it stand Where it best fits to be, in Henry's hand.% SUFFOLK. Thus droops this lofty pine and hangs his sprays; Thus Eleanor's pride dies in her youngest days. YORK. Lords, let him go.--Please it your majesty, This is the day appointed for the combat; And ready are the appellant and defendant, The armourer and his man, to enter the lists, So please your highness to behold the fight. QUEEN. Ay, good my lord; for purposely therefore Left I the court, to see this quarrel tried. KING. O' God's name, see the lists and all things fit. Here let them end it; and God defend the right! YORK. I never saw a fellow worse bested, Or more afraid to fight, than is the appellant, The servant of his armourer, my lords. [Enter at one door, HORNER the Armourer, and his Neighbours, drinking to him so much that he is drunk; and he enters with a drum before him and his staff with a sand-bag fastened to it; and at the other door PETER, his man, with a drum and sandbag, and PRENTICES drinking to him.] FIRST NEIGHBOUR. Here, neighbour Horner, I drink to you in a cup of sack; and fear not, neighbour, you shall do well enough.

Thesaurus appellant: (adj) appellate; (n) litigator, lowly, base, modest, deferential, sandbag: (v) drub, pummel, leather, complainant, petitioner, plaintiff, humble. strengthen, force, railroad, mole, ball over; (n) Billy, waddy, ballast. claimant, plaintiff in error, plaintiff in maim: (adj, v) cripple, deface; (v) shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require, appeal, applicant, pursuer, accuser. mutilate, injure, deform, mar, fastened: (adj) tied, fast, buttoned, damage, lacerate, truncate, disable; bequeath, leave. shrewd: (adj) sharp, astute, keen, closed, tight, secure, pinned, binding, (adj) wound. piercing, clever, cunning, bright; (adj, empight, steady, firm. ANTONYMS: purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, (adj) unfastened, unbuttoned. advisedly, knowingly; (adv) v) sagacious, knowing, crafty, lofty: (adj, v) high, elevated; (adj) intentionally, on purpose, by design, prudent. ANTONYMS: (adj) foolish, exalted, eminent, arrogant, grand, consciously, by choice, calculatedly, gullible, naive, soft, candid, dim, explicitly; (adj) wittingly. tall, haughty, great, distinguished, innocent, guileless, obtuse, majestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally. indiscriminate.

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SECOND NEIGHBOUR. And here, neighbour, here's a cup of charneco.% THIRD NEIGHBOUR. And here's a pot of good double beer, neighbour; drink, and fear not your man. HORNER. Let it come, i' faith, and I'll pledge you all; and a fig for Peter! FIRST PRENTICE. Here, Peter, I drink to thee; and be not afraid. SECOND PRENTICE. Be merry, Peter, and fear not thy master: fight for credit of the prentices. PETER. I thank you all; drink, and pray for me, I pray you, for I think I have taken my last draught in this world.--Here, Robin, an if I die, I give thee my apron;-and, Will, thou shalt have my hammer;--and here, Tom, take all the money that I have.--O Lord bless me! I pray God! for I am never able to deal with my master, he hath learnt so much fence already. SALISBURY. Come, leave your drinking and fall to blows.-Sirrah, what's thy name? PETER. Peter, forsooth. SALISBURY. Peter? what more? PETER. Thump. SALISBURY. Thump! then see thou thump thy master well.

Thesaurus beer: (v) wine, heavy wet, stingo, spirits; (n) lager, ale, brewage, malt liquor, suds, alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink. double: (adj, n) twin; (adj) dual, duple, twofold; (v) fold, bend, geminate; (adj, v) reduplicate; (n) substitute, mate, image. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) single; (v) decrease, divide, halve; (adj) multivalent, univalent, lone. draught: (n, v) draft, sketch, design, potation, plan; (n) dose, air current,

wind, gulp, outline; (v) blueprint. neighbouring, neighborly, adjacent, drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, contiguous; (v) abut, populate, adjoin, butt on, butt against; (n) intake, potation, drunkenness, crapulence, boozing, drinkable, neighbourhood. pledge: (n, v) bond, gage, wager, uptake, intemperateness, booze. fence: (n, v) hedge, wall, bar; (n) engage, promise, plight, guarantee, barrier, hurdle, pale, boundary; (v) bet, contract; (n) assurance; (v) covenant. ANTONYM: (v) redeem. quibble, enclose, parry, contend. ANTONYMS: (v) challenge, face, thump: (n, v) thud, bang, bump, confront. knock, hit, strike, cuff, punch, crash, learnt: (adj) learned. crack; (v) pound. ANTONYM: (v) neighbour: (adj) neighboring, tiptoe.

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HORNER. Masters, I am come hither, as it were, upon my man's instigation, to prove him a knave and myself an honest man; and touching the Duke of York, I will take my death, I never meant him any ill, nor the king, nor the queen;--and therefore, Peter, have at thee with a downright blow! YORK. Dispatch; this knave's tongue begins to double.-Sound, trumpets, alarum to the combatants! [Alarum. They fight, and PETER strikes him down.] HORNER. Hold, Peter, hold! I confess, I confess treason. [Dies.] YORK. Take away his weapon.--Fellow, thank God, and the good wine in thy master's way.% PETER. O God, have I overcome mine enemies in this presence? O Peter, thou hast prevail'd in right! KING. Go, take hence that traitor from our sight, For by his death we do perceive his guilt; And God in justice hath reveal'd to us The truth and innocence of this poor fellow, Which he had thought to have murther'd wrongfully.-Come, fellow, follow us for thy reward. [Sound a flourish. Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. A STREET.

Thesaurus alarum: (n) alarm, alert, bell, alarm bell, alarm-bell, alerts, beat of drum, cry, sound of trumpet, signaling, signal of distress. confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit, avow; (v) concede, profess, recognize, divulge, disclose, reveal, receive. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, hide, dispute, conceal, repress, harbor. downright: (adj, n) absolute; (adj, v) sheer, clear; (adj) dead, blunt, candid, plain; (adv) absolutely, thoroughly,

wholly, decidedly. ANTONYMS: provocation, inducement, initiation, (adj) semi, limited, incomplete, excitation, stimulus. questionable, slight; (adv) hardly. master's: (n) postgraduate degree. flourish: (n, v) display; (v) thrive, perceive: (v) comprehend, apprehend, prosper, boast, wave, brag, wield, discover, see, grasp, find, know, boom, grow; (adj, v) bloom; (adv, v) observe, sense, appreciate; (adj, v) shake. ANTONYMS: (v) decline, discern. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, struggle, deteriorate, wilt, pine, fade, observe, ignore. tongue: (n) lingua, speech, idiom, flounder, decrease, dwindle. instigation: (n) fomentation, dialect, clapper, glossa, natural language, striker, talk; (v) lick; (adj) encouragement, incitement, abetment, incitation, agitation, flowing.

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[Enter GLOSTER and his Servingmen, in mourning cloaks.] GLOSTER. Thus sometimes hath the brightest day a cloud, And after summer evermore succeeds Barren winter, with his wrathful nipping cold; So cares and joys abound, as seasons fleet. Sirs, what's o'clock? SERVINGMEN. Ten, my lord.% GLOSTER. Ten is the hour that was appointed me To watch the coming of my punish'd duchess. Uneath may she endure the flinty streets, To tread them with her tender-feeling feet.-Sweet Nell, ill can thy noble mind abrook The abject people gazing on thy face With envious looks, laughing at thy shame, That erst did follow thy proud chariot-wheels When thou didst ride in triumph through the streets.-But, soft! I think she comes; and I'll prepare My tear-stain'd eyes to see her miseries. [Enter the DUCHESS OF GLOSTER in a white sheet, and a taper burning in her hand; with SIR JOHN STANLEY, the Sheriff, and Officers.] SERVINGMEN. So please your Grace, we'll take her from the sheriff. GLOSTER. No, stir not for your lives; let her pass by. DUCHESS. Come you, my lord, to see my open shame?

Thesaurus abject: (adj) contemptible, pitiful, low, erst: (adv) once, formerly, ago, time wretched, despicable, sordid, base, was, over, whilom, heretofore, mean, vile; (n) ignominious, dirty. previously, before, erewhile, at one ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, time. evermore: (adj, adv) always, forever, hopeful, magnificent, esteemed, ever; (adv) everlastingly, proud, dignified, commendable, noble, exalted, worthy, happy. forevermore, perpetually, ever and abound: (v) swarm, teem, flow, again, for all time, until the end of overflow, burst; (n) exuberate, time. ANTONYMS: (adv) shower down, stream, rain, temporarily, suddenly. abundance; (adj) abundant. flinty: (adj) rocky, unyielding, grim, ANTONYM: (v) disperse. unfeeling, stern, stony, severe, hard,

cruel, obdurate, heartless. nipping: (adj) bitter, keen, barbed, frosty, crisp, cutting, inclement, fresh, pinching, snappy, raw. taper: (n) candle, taper hole, bougie, rushlight, taper ratio; (v) sharpen, point, acuminate, diminish, lessen, reduce. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, widen. wrathful: (adj) furious, irate, wroth, ireful, indignant, incensed, mad, raging, resentful, infuriated, choleric. ANTONYM: (adj) pleased.

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Now thou dost penance too. Look how they gaze! See how the giddy multitude do point, And nod their heads, and throw their eyes on thee! Ah, Gloster, hide thee from their hateful looks, And, in thy closet pent up, rue my shame, And ban thine enemies, both mine and thine! GLOSTER. Be patient, gentle Nell; forget this grief.% DUCHESS. Ah, Gloster, teach me to forget myself! For whilst I think I am thy married wife, And thou a prince, protector of this land, Methinks I should not thus be led along, Mail'd up in shame, with papers on my back, And follow'd with a rabble that rejoice To see my tears and hear my deep-fet groans. The ruthless flint doth cut my tender feet, And when I start, the envious people laugh And bid me be advised how I tread. Ah, Humphrey, can I bear this shameful yoke? Trow'st thou that e'er I'll look upon the world, Or count them happy that enjoy the sun? No; dark shall be my light and night my day; To think upon my pomp shall be my hell. Sometimes I'll say, I am Duke Humphrey's wife, And he a prince and ruler of the land; Yet so he rul'd and such a prince he was As he stood by whilst I, his forlorn duchess, Was made a wonder and a pointing-stock To every idle rascal follower. But be thou mild and blush not at my shame,

Thesaurus envious: (adj) covetous, invidious, giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, faint, cramped. pomp: (n) grandeur, parade, jaundiced, malicious, begrudge, silly, changeable, vertiginous, greedy, resentful, grudging, green, featherbrained, light, fickle, ostentation, show, ceremony, glory, capricious; (adv) careless. begrudging, enviable. ANTONYMS: luxury, pageantry, magnificence, (adj) fulfilled, satisfied, undesirous, ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull. state, splendor. ANTONYMS: (n) hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable, contented. understatement, modesty. forlorn: (adj) hopeless, desolate, rabble: (n) crowd, masses, trash, herd, nasty, abominable, hideous, despairing, unhappy, miserable, despicable, repulsive, distasteful, canaille, people, rout, ragtag, horde, foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious. deserted, disconsolate, downcast, gang, riffraff. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind, rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion, monkey, cheerless, wretched, abject. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, hopeful, nice, benign, desirable. miscreant, knave, scoundrel, scamp, pent: (adj) narrow, shut up, confined, fine. rogue, varlet, vagabond, brat.

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Nor stir at nothing till the axe of death Hang over thee, as, sure, it shortly will; For Suffolk, he that can do all in all With her that hateth thee and hates us all, And York, and impious Beaufort, that false priest, Have all lim'd bushes to betray thy wings, And, fly thou how thou canst, they'll tangle thee; But fear not thou until thy foot be snar'd, Nor never seek prevention of thy foes.% GLOSTER. Ah, Nell, forbear! thou aimest all awry. I must offend before I be attainted; And had I twenty times so many foes, And each of them had twenty times their power, All these could not procure me any scath So long as I am loyal, true, and crimeless. Wouldst have me rescue thee from this reproach? Why, yet thy scandal were not wip'd away, But I in danger for the breach of law. Thy greatest help is quiet, gentle Nell. I pray thee, sort thy heart to patience; These few days' wonder will be quickly worn. [Enter a HERALD.] HERALD. I summon your grace to his majesty's parliament, Holden at Bury the first of this next month. GLOSTER. And my consent ne'er ask'd herein before! This is close dealing.--Well, I will be there.-[Exit HERALD.]

Thesaurus betray: (v) deceive, bewray, sell, grass, impious: (adj) godless, ungodly, dupe, reveal, mislead, disclose, disrespectful, profane, unholy, sinful, accuse, befool, bamboozle. unhallowed, wicked, iniquitous, ANTONYMS: (v) protect, undeceive, irreligious, irreverent. ANTONYMS: (adj) reverent, devout, restrained, hide, defend, withhold. bushes: (n) underbrush, thicket, good. offend: (v) irritate, affront, insult, undergrowth, minor league. forbear: (v) refrain, desist, help, contravene, injure, disgust, infringe, tolerate, abide, eschew, endure, displease, abuse, wound, anger. relinquish; (n) predecessor, ANTONYMS: (v) please, delight, progenitor, forebear. praise, attract. herein: (adv) here, therein. procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn, win,

gain, have, purchase, induce, derive, find. ANTONYM: (v) give. summon: (v) assemble, convene, demand, ask, invoke, evoke, invite, muster, page, rally, convoke. ANTONYM: (v) disband. tangle: (v) entangle, embroil, enmesh, embrangle, ruffle, mat; (n) maze, confusion; (n, v) jumble, muddle, knot. ANTONYMS: (n) order, line, peace; (v) unravel, undo, untangle, straighten.

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My Nell, I take my leave;--and, master sheriff, Let not her penance exceed the king's commission.% SHERIFF. An 't please your grace, here my commission stays, And Sir John Stanley is appointed now To take her with him to the Isle of Man. GLOSTER. Must you, Sir John, protect my lady here? STANLEY. So am I given in charge, may 't please your grace. GLOSTER. Entreat her not the worse in that I pray You use her well. The world may laugh again, And I may live to do you kindness if You do it her; and so, Sir John, farewell! DUCHESS. What, gone, my lord, and bid me not farewell! GLOSTER. Witness my tears, I cannot stay to speak. [Exeunt GLOSTER and SERVINGMEN.] DUCHESS. Art thou gone too? all comfort go with thee! For none abides with me; my joy is death, Death, at whose name I oft have been afeard, Because I wish'd this world's eternity.-Stanley, I prithee, go, and take me hence; I care not whither, for I beg no favour, Only convey me where thou art commanded.

Thesaurus comfort: (n, v) ease, allay, support, aid, alleviate; (n) consolation, relief, amenity, assistance; (adj, n, v) assuage; (v) cheer. ANTONYMS: (n) discomfort, aggravation, agony; (v) alarm, annoy, frighten, afflict, aggravate, bother, burden, disappoint. commanded: (adj) lawful. convey: (v) communicate, channel, bring, conduct, transfer, fetch, express, transmit, bear, transport,

take. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, maintain, withhold, retain, refrain, hold, absorb, receive. exceed: (v) beat, pass, surpass, transcend, outdo, surmount, cap, outshine, overrun, top, outweigh. ANTONYMS: (v) follow, fail, trail, make. kindness: (n) generosity, clemency, compassion, grace, good will, graciousness, humanity, goodness, affection; (adj, n) courtesy, gentleness.

ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, spite, nastiness, callousness, cruelty, unfriendliness, maliciousness, thoughtlessness, sourness, severity, disservice. tears: (n) cry, crying, snivel, brine, weeping, activity, bawling, bodily function, bodily process, body process, lacerations. whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for.

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STANLEY. Why, madam, that is to the Isle of Man; There to be us'd according to your state.% DUCHESS. That's bad enough, for I am but reproach; And shall I then be us'd reproachfully? STANLEY. Like to a duchess, and Duke Humphrey's lady; According to that state you shall be us'd. DUCHESS. Sheriff, farewell, and better than I fare, Although thou hast been conduct of my shame. SHERIFF. It is my office; and, madam, pardon me. DUCHESS. Ay, ay, farewell; thy office is discharg'd.-Come, Stanley, shall we go? STANLEY. Madam, your penance done, throw off this sheet, And go we to attire you for our journey. DUCHESS. My shame will not be shifted with my sheet; No, it will hang upon my richest robes And show itself, attire me how I can. Go, lead the way; I long to see my prison. [Exeunt.]

Thesaurus according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, append, string up; (n, v) delay; (adj) equal, agreeable, harmonious, hung. reproachfully: (adv) critically, conformable, consistent, corresponding, respondent; (adv) abusively, admonitorily, correspondingly, accordingly. vituperatively, disapprovingly, attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, wear; wearily, contemptuously, (n) costume, garment, outfit, clothes; disparagingly, disdainfully, (v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. witheringly, shamefully. ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, strip, ANTONYMS: (adv) approvingly, unclothe; (n) nakedness. hopefully. hang: (adj, n, v) suspend; (v) dangle, shame: (n, v) disgrace, dishonor, depend, drape, float, fall, hover, discredit, humiliate, degrade,

chagrin; (n) humiliation, modesty, scandal, insult; (v) abash. ANTONYMS: (n) pride, glorification, making, worthiness; (v) acknowledge, glorify, respect, dignify. shifted: (adj) disordered, gone. throw: (n, v) cast, pitch, push; (v) shed, hurl, heave, chuck, flip, pass, hurtle; (n) shot. ANTONYMS: (v) explain, help, receive, clarify, encourage.

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ACT III

SCENE I. THE ABBEY AT BURY ST. EDMUND'S.% [Sound a sennet. Enter the KING, the QUEEN, CARDINAL BEAUFORT, SUFFOLK, YORK, BUCKINGHAM, SALISBURY, and WARWICK to the Parliament.] KING. I muse my Lord of Gloster is not come; 'Tis not his wont to be the hindmost man, Whate'er occasion keeps him from us now. QUEEN. Can you not see? or will ye not observe The strangeness of his alter'd countenance? With what a majesty he bears himself, How insolent of late he is become, How proud, how peremptory, and unlike himself? We know the time since he was mild and affable, And if we did but glance a far-off look, Immediately he was upon his knee, That all the court admir'd him for submission; But meet him now, and be it in the morn

Thesaurus hindmost: (adj) last, hindermost, hind, time, break of dawn, break of day, strangeness: (n) oddity, oddness, back, backmost, final, posterior, break of the day. quaintness, peculiarity, curiousness, hinder, ultimate, rearmost, farthest. muse: (v) meditate, ponder, deliberate, abnormality, weirdness, foreignness, ANTONYM: (adj) foremost. consider, cogitate, reflect, brood, queerness, singularity, quirk. insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive, ANTONYMS: (n) familiarity, ruminate, speculate, think, mull. ANTONYM: (v) wander. disrespectful, impudent, fresh, nativeness. wont: (adj, n) use, custom, usage; (n) arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, peremptory: (adj) imperious, brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) commanding, dictatorial, practice, tradition, cleanliness, respectful, modest, gracious, meek, overbearing, decisive, magisterial; assuetude, assuefaction, convention, (adj, v) authoritative, dogmatic, flat, rut; (v) practise. submissive. morn: (n) dawn, daybreak, forenoon, absolute; (v) decided. ANTONYM: (adj) polite. period, prime, aurora, a, amount of

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When %every one will give the time of day, He knits his brow, and shows an angry eye, And passeth by with stiff unbowed knee, Disdaining duty that to us belongs. Small curs are not regarded when they grin, But great men tremble when the lion roars; And Humphrey is no little man in England. First note that he is near you in descent, And should you fall, he is the next will mount. Me seemeth then it is no policy, Respecting what a rancorous mind he bears And his advantage following your decease, That he should come about your royal person Or be admitted to your highness' council. By flattery hath he won the commons' hearts, And when he please to make commotion 'T is to be fear'd they all will follow him. Now 't is the spring and weeds are shallow-rooted; Suffer them now, and they'll o'ergrow the garden And choke the herbs for want of husbandry. The reverent care I bear unto my lord Made me collect these dangers in the duke. If it be fond, can it a woman's fear; Which fear if better reasons can supplant, I will subscribe and say I wrong'd the duke.-My Lord of Suffolk, Buckingham, and York, Reprove my allegation if you can, Or else conclude my words effectual. SUFFOLK. Well hath your highness seen into this duke; And, had I first been put to speak my mind, I think I should have told your grace's tale.

Thesaurus choke: (v) asphyxiate, block, stifle, unsuccessful, useless. back up, clog up, gag, suffocate, foul, flattery: (n, v) cajolery; (n) blarney, strangle, smother, obstruct. compliment, adulation, taffy, palaver, ANTONYMS: (v) free, open, release, praise, gloze, sweet talk, sycophancy, soft soap. ANTONYMS: (n) insult, unblock. effectual: (adj, n) efficient, efficacious, offense. able; (adj) forceful, telling, rancorous: (adj) malicious, vindictive, authoritative, operative, potent, malevolent, venomous, spiteful, adequate, impressive, powerful. resentful, hostile, virulent, malign, ANTONYMS: (adj) ineffectual, vengeful, vicious. ANTONYMS: (adj) incapable, weak, impotent, kind, harmonious, loving, willing. reverent: (adj, v) pious, devout, ineffective, unproductive,

religious; (adj) respectful, holy, deferential, godly, reverential, worshipful, pietistic; (v) devotional. ANTONYMS: (adj) blasphemous, disrespectful, impious, irreverent. unbowed: (adj) unbent, straight, upright, square, not homosexual, standing, true, underground, not sloping, just, accurately fitted. weeds: (n) viduity, mourning band, garment, cypress, widowhood, dress; (adj) willow.

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The duchess by his subornation, Upon my life, began her devilish practices; Or, if he were not privy to those faults, Yet, by reputing of his high descent, As next the king he was successive heir, And such high vaunts of his nobility, Did instigate the bedlam brain-sick duchess By wicked means to frame our sovereign's fall. Smooth runs the water where the brook is deep, And in his simple show he harbours treason. The fox barks not when he would steal the lamb.-No, no, my sovereign; Gloster is a man Unsounded yet and full of deep deceit.% CARDINAL. Did he not, contrary to form of law, Devise strange deaths for small offences done? YORK. And did he not, in his protectorship, Levy great sums of money through the realm For soldiers' pay in France, and never sent it? By means whereof the towns each day revolted. BUCKINGHAM. Tut, these are petty faults to faults unknown, Which time will bring to light in smooth Duke Humphrey. KING. My lords, at once: the care you have of us, To mow down thorns that would annoy our foot, Is worthy praise; but, shall I speak my conscience, Our kinsman Gloster is as innocent From meaning treason to our royal person As is the sucking lamb or harmless dove.

Thesaurus annoy: (v) pester, displease, anger, devilish: (adj, v) diabolic, satanic, harass, bother, vex, aggravate, grate, infernal, mephistophelian, molest; (n) annoyance; (n, v) afflict. demoniacal; (adj) demonic, wicked, ANTONYMS: (v) pacify, soothe, diabolical, terrific; (v) Stygian; (adv) devilishly. ANTONYMS: (adj) gratify, placate, comfort, encourage, delight. cherubic, godlike, good, saintly, bedlam: (n) chaos, madhouse, virtuous. instigate: (n, v) incite, animate, pandemonium, loony bin, turmoil, provoke; (v) goad, agitate, actuate, muddle, booby hatch, havoc, disturbance, disorder, mayhem. abet, egg on, encourage, impel, ANTONYMS: (n) order, peace, calm, inspire. ANTONYMS: (v) terminate, quiet. quell, finish, end, calm, soothe.

kinsman: (n) relation, relative, kin, kindred, kinswoman, description, forefather, countryman, detail, consanguinity; (v) confederate. privy: (adj) confidential, covert, personal, clandestine, ulterior, occult, latent, secret; (n) outhouse, lavatory, loo. revolted: (adj) sickened, sick, shocked, horrified, disgusted, appalled. sucking: (n) suck, intake, uptake, aspiration, ingestion, consumption.

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The duke is virtuous, mild, and too well given To dream on evil or to work my downfall.% QUEEN. Ah, what's more dangerous than this fond affiance! Seems he a dove? his feathers are but borrow'd, For he's disposed as the hateful raven; Is he a lamb? his skin is surely lent him, For he's inclin'd as is the ravenous wolf. Who cannot steal a shape that means deceit? Take heed, my lord; the welfare of us all Hangs on the cutting short that fraudful man. [Enter SOMERSET.] SOMERSET. All health unto my gracious sovereign! KING. Welcome, Lord Somerset. What news from France? SOMERSET. That all your interest in those territories Is utterly bereft you; all is lost. KING. Cold news, Lord Somerset; but God's will be done! YORK. [Aside.] Cold news for me, for I had hope of France As firmly as I hope for fertile England. Thus are my blossoms blasted in the bud, And caterpillars eat my leaves away; But I will remedy this gear ere long Or sell my title for a glorious grave. [Enter GLOSTER.]

Thesaurus bereft: (adj, v) cut off; (adj) destitute, inclined, fain, likely, minded. unproductive, barren, fruitless, arid, ANTONYMS: (adj) ailing, devoid, forlorn, void, deprived, impotent, withering. fraudful: (adj) cheating, crafty, lovelorn, grieving, deserted, indisposed, unlikely, disinclined, insufficient; (v) reft. ANTONYMS: reluctant, impervious. cunning, deceitful, fraudulent, (adj) fulfilled, supplied, happy, dove: (n) turtledove, squab, emblem, designing, deceiving, dishonest. lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide. consoled, satisfied. pacificist, pacifist, poultry, dover, blasted: (adj) cursed, infernal, pigeon, Holy Spirit, culver, peacenik. ravenous: (adj) hungry, greedy, avid, fertile: (adj) productive, fat, fecund, damned, goddamn, darned, damn, famished, gluttonous, voracious, goddamned, blessed, deuced, blame, abundant, fruitful, exuberant, rapacious, insatiable, edacious, blamed. copious, affluent, bountiful, covetous, predatory. ANTONYM: disposed: (adj) prone, apt, ready, generous; (adj, v) creative. (adj) moderate. ANTONYMS: (adj) sterile, subject, prepared, liable, game,

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GLOSTER. All happiness unto my lord the king! Pardon, my liege, that I have staid so long.% SUFFOLK. Nay, Gloster, know that thou art come too soon, Unless thou wert more loyal than thou art. I do arrest thee of high treason here. GLOSTER. Well, Suffolk, thou shalt not see me blush, Nor change my countenance for this arrest; A heart unspotted is not easily daunted. The purest spring is not so free from mud As I am clear from treason to my sovereign. Who can accuse me? wherein am I guilty? YORK. 'T is thought, my lord, that you took bribes of France, And, being protector, stay'd the soldiers' pay, By means whereof his highness hath lost France. GLOSTER. Is it but thought so? what are they that think it? I never robb'd the soldiers of their pay, Nor ever had one penny bribe from France. So help me God, as I have watch'd the night, Ay, night by night, in studying good for England! That doit that e'er I wrested from the king, Or any groat I hoarded to my use, Be brought against me at my trial-day! No; many a pound of mine own proper store, Because I would not tax the needy commons, Have I dispursed to the garrisons, And never ask'd for restitution.

Thesaurus bribe: (n) bribery, boodle, lure, lord, liege Lord, subject, Luik; (adj) payment, payoff; (v) corrupt, fix, pay loyal, staunch, true, steady. off, pervert, blackmail; (n, v) reward. needy: (adj) indigent, poor, doit: (adj) brass farthing, bulrush, impoverished, necessitous, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, old son, underprivileged, penniless, jot, feather; (n) mite, stiver, penny, impecunious, deficient, miserable, groat. deprived, poverty-stricken. groat: (n) penny, doit, rap, mite, Grote, ANTONYMS: (adj) rich, affluent, change, denarius, farthing, coin, independent, solvent, privileged, stiver, pocket money. satisfied. hoarded: (adj) store, collective. restitution: (n) restoration, return, liege: (n) feudatory, liegeman, vassal, reparation, recompense, refund,

amends, redress, atonement, repayment, regeneration, renovation. ANTONYMS: (n) abolition, decline. unspotted: (adj) unblemished, unstained, unsoiled, stainless, pure, blameless, immaculate, undefaced, undeformed, spotless, untarnished. wherein: (adv) in what, in which, where. wrested: (adj) perverted, distorted, twisted, wry.

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CARDINAL. It serves you well, my lord, to say so much.% GLOSTER. I say no more than truth, so help me God! YORK. In your protectorship you did devise Strange tortures for offenders never heard of, That England was defam'd by tyranny. GLOSTER. Why, 't is well known that, whiles I was protector, Pity was all the fault that was in me; For I should melt at an offender's tears, And lowly words were ransom for their fault. Unless it were a bloody murtherer, Or foul felonious thief that fleec'd poor passengers, I never gave them condign punishment. Murther indeed, that bloody sin, I tortur'd Above the felon or what trespass else. SUFFOLK. My lord, these faults are easy, quickly answer'd; But mightier crimes are laid unto your charge, Whereof you cannot easily purge yourself. I do arrest you in his highness' name, And here commit you to my lord cardinal To keep until your further time of trial. KING. My Lord of Gloster, 't is my special hope That you will clear yourself from all suspect; My conscience tells me you are innocent.

Thesaurus condign: (v) merited, deserved, richly baseborn; (adv) meekly, meanly, binge; (v) rehabilitate, castigate. deserved; (adj) suitable, opportune, trespass: (adj, v) offend; (n, v) sin, modestly, poorly, softly, humbly. ANTONYMS: (adj) noble, privileged, breach; (n) offense, invasion, just, due, rightful, right, proper, apt. felon: (n) convict, culprit, crook, infringement, encroachment; (v) high, aristocratic, refined, exalted, malefactor, thug, desperado, comfortable. encroach, infringe, intrude, invade. protectorship: (n) protectorate, spot, tyranny: (adj, n) dictatorship, miscreant, offender, hoodlum, outlaw; (adj) felonious. autocracy; (n) absolutism, despotism, situation, office, post, place, berth, felonious: (n) felon; (adj) flagitious, position. oppression, cruelty, monocracy, purge: (v) clean, expurgate, eradicate, illegal, guilty, atrocious, wrongful, totalitarianism, authoritarianism, villainous, nefarious, malicious, clear, scour, remove, purify, make autarchy, Caesarism. ANTONYMS: infamous; (v) sinister. clean, liquidate; (n) catharsis, (n) democracy, liberty. lowly: (adj) base, lower, low, inferior, purification. ANTONYMS: (n, v) whiles: (n) while.

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GLOSTER. Ah, %gracious lord, these days are dangerous. Virtue is chok'd with foul ambition, And charity chas'd hence by rancour's hand; Foul subornation is predominant, And equity exil'd your highness' land. I know their complot is to have my life, And if my death might make this island happy And prove the period of their tyranny, I would expend it with all willingness; But mine is made the prologue to their play, For thousands more, that yet suspect no peril, Will not conclude their plotted tragedy. Beaufort's red sparkling eyes blab his heart's malice, And Suffolk's cloudy brow his stormy hate; Sharp Buckingham unburthens with his tongue The envious load that lies upon his heart; And dogged York, that reaches at the moon, Whose overweening arm I have pluck'd back, By false accuse doth level at my life.-And you, my sovereign lady, with the rest, Causeless have laid disgraces on my head And with your best endeavour have stirr'd up My liefest liege to be mine enemy.-Ay, all of you have laid your heads together-Myself had notice of your conventicles-And all to make away my guiltless life. I shall not want false witness to condemn me, Nor store of treasons to augment my guilt; The ancient proverb will be well effected,-'A staff is quickly found to beat a dog.'

Thesaurus blab: (v) tattle, chatter, tell on, mouth, guiltless: (adj) innocent, clean, clack, talk, prattle, gabble, reveal, irreproachable, clear, faultless, gossip, twaddle. unsullied, stainless, pure, inculpable, complot: (n, v) cabal; (n) conspiracy, immaculate, spotless. overweening: (adj) overbearing, plot, intrigue, complicity, machination; (v) collude, adjure, overconfident, imperious, disdainful, machinate, conjure, call down. vain, bumptious, immodest, expend: (v) disburse, exhaust, spend, domineering, uppity, consequential, uppish. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, dissipate, squander, use, deplete, employ, to spend, absorb, swallow unassuming. up. ANTONYMS: (v) save, hold, plotted: (adj) planned, aforethought, keep. arranged, studied.

prologue: (n) preface, introduction, preamble, foreword, Prolog, overture, proem, preliminary, beginning, prolegomena, opening. ANTONYMS: (n) conclusion, postscript. proverb: (n) adage, byword, aphorism, dictum, saying, axiom, parable, motto, expression; (n, v) maxim, saw. reaches: (n) recess. subornation: (n) provocation. thousands: (n) myriad, much, many.

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CARDINAL. My liege, his railing is intolerable; If those that care to keep your royal person From treason's secret knife and traitor's rage Be thus upbraided, chid, and rated at, And the offender granted scope of speech, 'T will make them cool in zeal unto your grace.% SUFFOLK. Hath he not twit our sovereign lady here With ignominious words, though clerkly couch'd, As if she had suborned some to swear False allegations to o'erthrow his state? QUEEN. But I can give the loser leave to chide. GLOSTER. Far truer spoke than meant; I lose, indeed. Beshrew the winners, for they play'd me false! And well such losers may have leave to speak. BUCKINGHAM. He'll wrest the sense and hold us here all day.-Lord Cardinal, he is your prisoner. CARDINAL. Sirs, take away the Duke, and guard him sure. GLOSTER. Ah, thus King Henry throws away his crutch Before his legs be firm to bear his body. Thus is the shepherd beaten from thy side, And wolves are gnarling who shall gnaw thee first. Ah, that my fear were false! ah, that it were!

Thesaurus clerkly: (adj) clerical. gnaw: (v) chew, fret, crunch, corrode, nibble, eat, erode, to bite, munch, masticate; (n, v) chafe. ignominious: (adj) dishonorable, shameful, disreputable, infamous, base, discreditable, dishonourable, inglorious, black, despicable, degrading. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, glorious. loser: (n) flop, washout, underdog, lame duck, dud, also-ran, geek, oaf,

nerd; (adj) defeated, stupid. ANTONYMS: (n) winner, achiever. losers: (n) scum. offender: (n) delinquent, malefactor, criminal, convict, felon, crook, wrongdoer, malfeasant, perpetrator, outlaw, villain. railing: (n) balustrade, rail, barrier, guardrail, banister, fence, pale, paling, breastwork, handrail; (adj, n) invective. rated: (adj) specified.

twit: (v) tease, rally, tantalize, flout, rag, chaff; (n, v) scoff; (n) jeer, gibe, mock, barrack. wrest: (adj, v) distort, twist; (v) extort, contort, extract, wring, wrench, deform, warp, squeeze, turn. zeal: (adj, n) eagerness; (n) fervor, enthusiasm, devotion, passion, vehemence, fire, fervency, heat, fervour, ardour. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, lethargy, patience.

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For, good King Henry, thy decay I fear. [Exit, guarded.] KING. My lords, what to your wisdoms seemeth best, Do or undo, as if ourself were here.% QUEEN. What, will your highness leave the parliament? KING. Ay, Margaret; my heart is drown'd with grief, Whose flood begins to flow within mine eyes, My body round engirt with misery, For what's more miserable than discontent?-Ah, uncle Humphrey! in thy face I see The map of honour, truth, and loyalty; And yet, good Humphrey, is the hour to come That e'er I prov'd thee false or fear'd thy faith. What lowering star now envies thy estate, That these great lords and Margaret our queen Do seek subversion of thy harmless life? Thou never didst them wrong nor no man wrong; And as the butcher takes away the calf And binds the wretch and beats it when it strays, Bearing it to the bloody slaughter-house, Even so remorseless have they borne him hence; And as the dam runs lowing up and down, Looking the way her harmless young one went, And can do nought but wail her darling's loss, Even so myself bewails good Gloster's case With sad unhelpful tears, and with dimm'd eyes Look after him, and cannot do him good, So mighty are his vowed enemies.

Thesaurus beats: (n) beat, beatniks, Beat impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, corruption, bouleversement, eversion, sabotage. ANTONYM: (n) Generation. constructive, obliging, advantageous, lowing: (adj) mugient. allegiance. accommodating, favorable, remorseless: (adj) merciless, relentless, undo: (v) loosen, open, annul, cancel, courteous, conclusive. cruel, unmerciful, brutal, callous, separate, disentangle, untie, unfold, wail: (n, v) howl, cry, lament, moan, scream, bellow, whine; (v) ululate, unrelenting, ruthless, inexorable, reverse, disconnect, nullify. ANTONYMS: (v) attach, close, do, inhuman, heartless. ANTONYMS: weep, whimper, mewl. ANTONYMS: (adj) merciful, compassionate, gentle, wrap, tangle, validate, knot, lock, (v) whimper, laugh. wretch: (n) victim, villain, scoundrel, kind, tolerant, unrelenting. permit, unite, approve. subversion: (n, v) overthrow; (n) unhelpful: (adj) grumpy, gruff, reprobate, reptile, miscreant, martyr, revolution, ruin, destruction, havoc, disruptive, disobliging, discourteous, object of compassion, poor devil, demolition, subversive activity, curt, churlish, brusque, boorish, bad, prey, wreak.

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His fortunes I will weep and 'twixt each groan Say 'Who's a traitor? Gloster he is none.' [Exeunt all but QUEEN, CARDINAL BEAUFORT, SUFFOLK and YORK; SOMERSET remains apart.] QUEEN. Free lords, cold snow melts with the sun's hot beams. Henry my lord is cold in great affairs, Too full of foolish pity, and Gloster's show Beguiles him as the mournful crocodile With sorrow snares relenting passengers, Or as the snake roll'd in a flowering bank, With shining checker'd slough, doth sting a child That for the beauty thinks it excellent. Believe me, lords, were none more wise than I-And yet herein I judge mine own wit good-This Gloster should be quickly rid the world, To rid us from the fear we have of him.% CARDINAL. That he should die is worthy policy, But yet we want a colour for his death, 'T is meet he be condemn'd by course of law. SUFFOLK. But, in my mind, that were no policy. The king will labour still to save his life; The commons haply rise to save his life, And yet we have but trivial argument, More than mistrust, that shows him worthy death. YORK. So that, by this, you would not have him die.

Thesaurus flowering: (adj) blooming, abloom, efflorescent, flourishing; (n) bloom, blossom, flower, anthesis, inflorescence, efflorescence, florescence. fortunes: (n) adventures, fortune, personal narrative, life, journal. haply: (adv) accidentally, by accident, maybe, by luck, casually, fortuitously, mayhap, perchance, incidentally, perhaps, peradventure. mistrust: (adj, n, v) distrust; (n, v)

doubt, query; (n) suspicion, morass, mire, swamp, marish, sludge; (v) shed, exuviate, cast. misgiving, disbelief, apprehension, wariness; (v) suspect, disbelieve, snake: (n) serpent, ophidian, viper, discredit. ANTONYM: (v) believe. constrictor, hydra, elapid; (v) wind, mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, twist, curl, weave; (n, v) sneak. melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v) pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, calm; (n) honesty. weep: (v) wail, bawl, lament, sob, emotionless. relenting: (n) capitulation, surrender. blubber, moan, howl, drip, greet, slough: (n) bog, fen, quagmire, whimper; (n) tear.

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SUFFOLK. Ah, York, no man alive so fain as I! YORK. 'T is York that hath more reason for his death.-But, my lord cardinal, and you, my Lord of Suffolk, Say as you think, and speak it from your souls, Were 't not all one an empty eagle were set To guard the chicken from a hungry kite, As place Duke Humphrey for the king's protector? QUEEN. So the poor chicken should be sure of death.% SUFFOLK. Madam, 't is true; and were 't not madness, then, To make the fox surveyor of the fold? Who being accus'd a crafty murtherer, His guilt should be but idly posted over, Because his purpose is not executed. No; let him die, in that he is a fox, By nature prov'd an enemy to the flock, Before his chaps be stain'd with crimson blood, As Humphrey, prov'd by reasons, to my liege. And do not stand on quillets how to slay him. Be it by gins, by snares, by subtlety, Sleeping or waking, 't is no matter how, So he be dead; for that is good deceit Which mates him first that first intends deceit. QUEEN. Thrice-noble Suffolk, 't is resolutely spoke. SUFFOLK. Not resolute, except so much were done, For things are often spoke and seldom meant;

Thesaurus chaps: (n) chops, fauces, crack. vaguely, listlessly, forgetfully, decidedly, steadfastly, decisively, crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, scarlet, distractedly; (adj) thoughtlessly. unfalteringly, boldly, steadily, maroon; (v) blush, flush, redden; (adj) ANTONYM: (adv) energetically. stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly, bloody, ruddy, cherry; (n) deep red. resolute: (adj, n) constant, firm, fixed, unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv) deceit: (n) guile, artifice, deception, steady; (adj, v) determined; (adj) irresolutely, indecisively, uncertainly, falsehood, ruse, pretense, fraud, inflexible, brave, adamant, dogged, feebly, hesitantly, aimlessly. trickery; (adj, n) cunning, craft, art. slay: (n, v) murder, assassinate; (v) unbending, courageous. ANTONYMS: (n) sincerity, ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, uncertain, dispatch, execute, slaughter, destroy, truthfulness, fairness, frankness, uncommitted, timid, fickle, feeble, massacre, put to death, remove, loyalty, straightforwardness, indecisive, flexible, flippant, hesitant, finish, butcher. waking: (adj) wakeful; (n) awakening, uprightness, truth. undecided. idly: (adj, adv) foolishly; (adv) vainly, resolutely: (adv) determinedly, wakefulness, consciousness.

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But that my heart accordeth with my tongue,-Seeing the deed is meritorious, And to preserve my sovereign from his foe,-Say but the word, and I will be his priest.% CARDINAL. But I would have him dead, my Lord of Suffolk, Ere you can take due orders for a priest. Say you consent and censure well the deed, And I'll provide his executioner, I tender so the safety of my liege. SUFFOLK. Here is my hand, the deed is worthy doing. QUEEN. And so say I. YORK. And I; and now we three have spoke it, It skills not greatly who impugns our doom. [Enter a POST.] POST. Great lords, from Ireland am I come amain, To signify that rebels there are up And put the Englishmen unto the sword. Send succours, lords, and stop the rage betime, Before the wound do grow uncurable; For, being green, there is great hope of help. CARDINAL. A breach that craves a quick expedient stop! What council give you in this weighty cause? YORK. That Somerset be sent as regent thither.

Thesaurus deed: (n) accomplishment, act, feat, signify: (n, v) intend, mark; (adj, n, v) inappropriate, inexpedient, import; (v) imply, indicate, denote, behavior, action, exploit, covenant, impractical, futile, detrimental, doing, document, title, fact. inconvenient, foolish. point, stand for, express, intimate, ANTONYM: (n) failure. orders: (n) holy orders, information, matter. doom: (n, v) sentence, destine, fate; (v) preparation, remit, briefing, skills: (n) right stuff. condemn, convict, damn; (n) destiny, guidelines. tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v) rage: (adj, n, v) fume, bluster; (adj, n) affectionate; (adj) painful, sensitive, day of reckoning, chance, luck, lot. ANTONYMS: (n) plan; (v) absolve. wrath, indignation, frenzy, mania; (n) soft, loving, sore; (v) propose, expedient: (adj) fit, advisable, present. ANTONYMS: (adj) passion, anger, craze, exasperation; (n, v) storm. ANTONYMS: (n) becoming, desirable, adequate, apt, hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough, convenient, suitable; (n) contrivance, gentleness, composure, calm, uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling, resource, artifice. ANTONYMS: (adj) equanimity, pleasure, serenity. cold, experienced; (v) withdraw.

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'T is meet that lucky ruler be employ'd; Witness the fortune he hath had in France.% SOMERSET. If York, with all his far-fet policy, Had been the regent there instead of me, He never would have stay'd in France so long. YORK. No, not to lose it all as thou hast done; I rather would have lost my life betimes Than bring a burden of dishonour home By staying there so long till all were lost. Show me one scar character'd on thy skin; Men's flesh preserv'd so whole do seldom win. QUEEN. Nay then, this spark will prove a raging fire, If wind and fuel be brought to feed it with. No more, good York.--Sweet Somerset, be still.-Thy fortune, York, hadst thou been regent there, Might happily have prov'd far worse than his. YORK. What, worse than nought? nay, then a shame take all! SOMERSET. And, in the number, thee that wishest shame! CARDINAL. My Lord of York, try what your fortune is. The uncivil kerns of Ireland are in arms, And temper clay with blood of Englishmen. To Ireland will you lead a band of men, Collected choicely, from each county some, And try your hap against the Irishmen?

Thesaurus choicely: (adv) excellently, favoritely, exquisitely, finely, rarely, pickedly, electly, preciously, selectedly, superiorly, exclusively. nought: (adj, n) nil, naught, zero; (n) cipher, cypher, nobody, aught, nix, null, nada; (adj) no. raging: (adj) hot, angry, fierce, irate, wild, infuriated, enraged, vehement, heated; (adj, n) mad, rabid. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, mild, contained.

ruler: (adj, n) governor, rule; (n) lord, disposition, humor, nature; (v) potentate, monarch, leader, dynast, modify, season, qualify. prince, dictator, head; (adj) regent. ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v) soften, scar: (n, v) mark, blemish, seam, stain, agitate, excite, flex, bend, increase; (n) brand; (n) cicatrix, cicatrice, defect, composure, happiness, wrath, scratch, injury; (v) disfigure. equanimity. ANTONYM: (v) enhance. uncivil: (adj) discourteous, spark: (n, v) flicker, flash, gleam, glint, disrespectful, impolite, coarse, glitter; (n) light, glimmer, arc, flame, brusque, curt, blunt, barbarous, fire; (v) activate. short; (adj, n) rough, harsh. temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften, ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, courteous, mitigate, harden; (n) character, gracious.

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YORK. I will, my lord, so please his majesty.% SUFFOLK. Why, our authority is his consent, And what we do establish he confirms.-Then, noble York, take thou this task in hand. YORK. I am content.--Provide me soldiers, lords, Whiles I take order for mine own affairs. SUFFOLK. A charge, Lord York, that I will see perform'd. But now return we to the false Duke Humphrey. CARDINAL. No more of him; for I will deal with him That henceforth he shall trouble us no more. And so break off; the day is almost spent.-Lord Suffolk, you and I must talk of that event. YORK. My Lord of Suffolk, within fourteen days At Bristol I expect my soldiers; For there I'll ship them all for Ireland. SUFFOLK. I'll see it truly done, my Lord of York. [Exeunt all but YORK.] YORK. Now, York, or never, steel thy fearful thoughts, And change misdoubt to resolution. Be that thou hop'st to be, or what thou art Resign to death; it is not worth the enjoying. Let pale-fac'd fear keep with the mean-born man,

Thesaurus false: (adj, n) bastard; (adj, adv) counterfeit, deceitful; (adj) untrue, dishonest, erroneous, sham, assumed, artificial, fictitious, deceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, genuine, faithful, factual, correct, natural, truthful, honest, valid, just, loyal. fearful: (adj, n) afraid; (adj, v) dreadful, cowardly; (adj) terrible, apprehensive, awful, timid, anxious, craven, frightful, eerie. ANTONYMS:

(adj) rational, calm, confident, bold, (adj, v) dignified, great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful, humble, dishonorable, unimpressed, charming, fearless, courageous, reassuring, unafraid, lowly, lowborn, disgraceful, wonderful. unimpressive, ignoble, modest, petty; fourteen: (adj, n) XIV. (n) lady. henceforth: (adv) hence, in future, steel: (n) blade, brand, foil, sword, after this; (adj) following. case harden; (n, v) nerve, brace, misdoubt: (n) scruple, distrust, fortify; (adj) iron, adamant; (v) suspicion, qualm, jealousy; (v) dread. temper. noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious, patrician; (adj) imposing, impressive, elevated, majestic, generous, high;

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And %find no harbour in a royal heart. Faster than spring-time showers comes thought on thought, And not a thought but thinks on dignity. My brain more busy than the labouring spider Weaves tedious snares to trap mine enemies. Well, nobles, well, 't is politicly done, To send me packing with an host of men; I fear me you but warm the starved snake, Who, cherish'd in your breasts, will sting your hearts. 'T was men I lack'd, and you will give them me; I take it kindly, yet be well-assur'd You put sharp weapons in a madman's hands. Whiles I in Ireland nourish a mighty band, I will stir up in England some black storm Shall blow ten thousand souls to heaven or hell; And this fell tempest shall not cease to rage Until the golden circuit on my head, Like to the glorious sun's transparent beams, Do calm the fury of this mad-bred flaw. And for a minister of my intent, I have seduc'd a headstrong Kentishman, John Cade of Ashford, To make commotion, as full well he can, Under the tide of John Mortimer. In Ireland have I seen this stubborn Cade Oppose himself against a troop of kerns, And fought so long till that his thighs with darts Were almost like a sharp-quill'd porpentine; And, in the end being rescu'd, I have seen Him caper upright like a wild Morisco, Shaking the bloody darts as he his bells. Full often, like a shag-hair'd crafty kern,

Thesaurus breasts: (n) chest, booby. caper: (n, v) skip, bound, frolic, hop, romp, leap, play, gambol; (n) prank, joke, antic. ANTONYM: (v) restrain. commotion: (n) tumult, ado, disturbance, turmoil, stir, din, flurry, fuss, bedlam, tempest; (n, v) agitation. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, order, calm, serenity, calmness, stillness, quiet, tranquility, inactivity. darts: (n) board game, game of dart. labouring: (adj) drudging, work,

working, busy, toiling. malnourished, thin, esurient, nourish: (v) foster, keep, bring up, hungerly, lean, starveling. ANTONYM: (adj) healthy. nurture, sustain, aliment, cherish, feed, maintain, cultivate; (n, v) cradle. tempest: (adj, n) storm, gust; (n) gale, ANTONYMS: (v) starve, sap. hurricane, squall, disturbance, politicly: (adv) shrewdly, sagaciously, cyclone, typhoon, agitation, tornado, blizzard. ANTONYM: (n) serenity. politically, prudently, smoothly, troop: (n) group, corps, gang, crowd, artfully, circumspectly, adroitly, tactfully, suavely, discreetly. band, brigade, crew, herd, swarm, showers: (n) rain. horde; (n, v) flock. starved: (adj) famished, starving, ravenous, meager, emaciated,

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Hath he conversed with the enemy, And undiscover'd come to me again And given me notice of their villainies. This devil here shall be my substitute; For that John Mortimer, which now is dead, In face, in gait, in speech, he doth resemble. By this I shall perceive the commons' mind, How they affect the house and claim of York. Say he be taken, rack'd, and tortured, I know no pain they can inflict upon him Will make him say I mov'd him to those arms. Say that he thrive, as 't is great like he will, Why, then from Ireland come I with my strength And reap the harvest which that rascal sow'd; For Humphrey being dead, as he shall be, And Henry put apart, the next for me. [Exit.]

SCENE II. BURY ST. EDMUND'S. A ROOM OF STATE.% [Enter certain MURDERERS, hastily.] FIRST MURDERER. Run to my Lord of Suffolk; let him know We have dispatch'd the duke, as he commanded. SECOND MURDERER. O that it were to do! What have we done? Didst ever hear a man so penitent? [Enter SUFFOLK.]

Thesaurus bury: (v) inter, overwhelm, lay to rest, movement, velocity. unashamed, unremorseful. harvest: (n, v) fruit; (v) gain, glean, reap: (v) harvest, gain, glean, gather, hide, mask, secrete, conceal, cloak, entomb, suppress; (n) burial. gather, amass, get, reap, pick; (n) obtain, cut, receive, earn, acquire; ANTONYMS: (v) exhume, unearth, (adj, v) mow; (adj) clip. ANTONYMS: ingathering, profit, produce. inflict: (v) impose, cause, wreak, force, (v) lose, scatter. uncover, dig, disclose, distract, thrive: (adj, v) prosper; (v) flourish, expose, ignore, reveal, air, remember. enforce, deal, deliver, administer, devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost, foist, put, obtrude. grow, advance, blossom, succeed, penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic, monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub, increase, bloom, get ahead, boom; deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag. (adj) luxuriate. ANTONYMS: (v) sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty, ANTONYM: (n) angel. sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n) deteriorate, fail, languish, struggle, gait: (n, v) pace, step, tread, footstep, flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS: decrease. rate, stride, action; (n) walk, carriage, (adj) unrepentant, impenitent,

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FIRST MURDERER. Here comes my lord.% SUFFOLK. Now, sirs, have you dispatch'd this thing? FIRST MURDERER. Ay, my good lord, he's dead. SUFFOLK. Why, that's well said. Go, get you to my house; I will reward you for this venturous deed. The king and all the peers are here at hand. Have you laid fair the bed? Is all things well, According as I gave directions? FIRST MURDERER. 'T is, my good lord. SUFFOLK. Away! be gone. [Exeunt MURDERERS.] [Sound trumpets. Enter the KING, the QUEEN, CARDINAL BEAUFORT, SOMERSET, with attendants.] KING. Go, call our uncle to our presence straight; Say we intend to try his grace to-day, If he be guilty, as 't is published. SUFFOLK. I'll call him presently, my noble lord. [Exit.] KING. Lords, take your places; and, I pray you all, Proceed no straiter 'gainst our uncle Gloster

Thesaurus directions: (n) advice, instruction, adv) clean; (n) blonde. ANTONYMS: (adj) biased, unjust, exceptional, dark, guidance, instructions, briefing, commands, orders, will. partial, mismatched, unwarranted, enter: (v) enroll, embark, chronicle, foul, imbalanced, prejudiced, poor. guilty: (adj) culpable, faulty, wicked, book, record, input, arrive, come, pierce, register, penetrate. hangdog, criminal, chargeable, sinful, ANTONYMS: (v) depart, exit, delete, blameworthy; (n) guilt, culprit; (adj, v) condemned. ANTONYMS: (adj) stop, refrain, erase, egress, abstain, cancel, exclude, disembark. blameless, aggressive, proud. fair: (adj) clear, beautiful, sweet, intend: (v) destine, design, mean, aim, reasonable, dispassionate, average, determine, denote, contemplate, fine, impartial; (adj, v) bright; (adj, plan, purpose, consider, believe.

ANTONYM: (v) improvise. places: (n) chairs, seating, spaces. presently: (adv) instantly, directly, currently, before long, shortly, soon, now, at present, readily, just, actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, now, formerly. sirs: (n) gentlemen, messieurs. venturous: (adj) daring, adventurous, audacious, risky, hazardous, fearless, bold, foolhardy, rash, reckless, courageous.

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Than from true evidence of good esteem He be approv'd in practice culpable.% QUEEN. God forbid any malice should prevail That faultless may condemn a nobleman! Pray God he may acquit him of suspicion! KING. I thank thee, Meg; these words content me much.-[Re-enter SUFFOLK.] How now! why look'st thou pale? why tremblest thou? Where is our uncle? what's the matter, Suffolk? SUFFOLK. Dead in his bed, my lord; Gloster is dead. QUEEN. Marry, God forfend! CARDINAL. God's secret judgment!--I did dream to-night The duke was dumb and could not speak a word. [The KING swoons.] QUEEN. How fares my lord?--Help, lords! the king is dead. SOMERSET. Rear up his body; wring him by the nose. QUEEN. Run, go, help, help!--O Henry, ope thine eyes! SUFFOLK. He doth revive again.--Madam, be patient. KING. O heavenly God!

Thesaurus acquit: (adj, v) release; (v) exculpate, exonerate, discharge, excuse, clear, pardon, free, conduct, forgive, vindicate. ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, damn, censure, blame, sentence. condemn: (v) censure, reproach, castigate, attaint, deplore, sentence, excoriate, upbraid, knock, doom, criticize. ANTONYMS: (v) praise, approve, commend, free, pardon, absolve, acquit, clear, exonerate,

sacred. ANTONYMS: (adj) worldly, release, support. forbid: (v) prohibit, ban, disallow, bar, miserable, infernal, hellish, obstruct, exclude, deny, avert, unappealing, dreadful, turbulent. revive: (v) refresh, invigorate, quicken, frustrate, to prohibit, enjoin. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, let, approve, renew, renovate, restore, resuscitate, authorize, stand. animate, awake, repair, recreate. forfend: (v) prevent, avert, rule out, ANTONYMS: (v) demoralize, kill, preclude, obviate, forbid, fend, deter, slay, stagnate, abandon, die, drain. wring: (n, v) squeeze; (v) twist, prohibit. heavenly: (adj) celestial, blissful, wrench, wrest, torture, torment, ethereal, delightful, angelic, blessed, distort, extract, twine, contort, rack. elysian, holy, unearthly, godlike,

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QUEEN. How fares my gracious lord? SUFFOLK. Comfort, my sovereign! gracious Henry, comfort! KING. What, doth my Lord of Suffolk comfort me? Came he right now to sing a raven's note Whose dismal tune bereft my vital powers, And thinks he that the chirping of a wren, By crying comfort from a hollow breast, Can chase away the first-conceived sound? Hide not thy poison with such sugar'd words; Lay not thy hands on me; forbear, I say! Their touch affrights me as a serpent's sting. Thou baleful messenger, out of my sight! Upon thy eye-balls murtherous tyranny Sits in grim majesty, to fright the world. Look not upon me, for thine eyes are wounding. Yet do not go away; come, basilisk, And kill the innocent gazer with thy sight, For in the shade of death I shall find joy, In life but double death, now Gloster's dead.% QUEEN. Why do you rate my Lord of Suffolk thus? Although the duke was enemy to him, Yet he most Christian-like laments his death; And for myself, foe as he was to me, Might liquid tears or heart-offending groans Or blood-consuming sighs recall his life, I would be blind with weeping, sick with groans, Look pale as primrose with blood-drinking sighs,

Thesaurus baleful: (adj) baneful, destructive, sinister, harmful, pernicious, threatening, fatal, hurtful, inauspicious, maleficent, malevolent. ANTONYMS: (adj) benign, innocuous, harmless, favorable. dismal: (adj) cheerless, dejected, dreary, gloomy, desolate, disconsolate, depressing, melancholy, black, dim, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, happy, lively, uplifting, sunny, pleasant, light, cheery, strong,

soulful, wonderful. fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, horror, consternation, apprehension. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, courage, confidence, security. messenger: (n, v) herald; (n) harbinger, runner, emissary, bearer, ambassador, precursor, courier, carrier, apostle, errand. poison: (adj, v) contaminate, taint; (n, v) envenom, drug, empoison; (adj)

toxic, poisonous; (v) defile, intoxicate; (n) bane, venom. ANTONYMS: (n) cure; (v) clean. primrose: (n) auricula, polyanthus, primula, oxlip, paigle, primerole, herbaceous plant, herb; (adj) sensuous. weeping: (adj) tearful, lachrymose, dolourous, dolorous; (n, v) lament, lamentation; (v) wailing; (n) sobbing, tears, cry; (adj, n) howling. ANTONYM: (n) celebration.

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And %all to have the noble duke alive. What know I how the world may deem of me? For it is known we were but hollow friends. It may be judg'd I made the duke away; So shall my name with slander's tongue be wounded And princes' courts be fill'd with my reproach. This get I by his death. Ay me, unhappy! To be a queen, and crown'd with infamy! KING. Ah, woe is me for Gloster, wretched man! QUEEN. Be woe for me, more wretched than he is. What, dost thou turn away and hide thy face? I am no loathsome leper; look on me. What! art thou, like the adder, waxen deaf? Be poisonous too and kill thy forlorn queen. Is all thy comfort shut in Gloster's tomb? Why, then, dame Margaret was ne'er thy joy. Erect his statue and worship it, And make my image but an alehouse sign. Was I for this nigh wrack'd upon the sea, And twice by awkward wind from England's bank Drove back again unto my native clime? What boded this but well forewarning wind Did seem to say 'Seek not a scorpion's nest, Nor set no footing on this unkind shore?' What did I then, but curs'd the gentle gusts And he that loos'd them forth their brazen caves, And bid them blow towards England's blessed shore, Or turn our stern upon a dreadful rock? Yet Aeolus would not be a murtherer,

Thesaurus adder: (n) snake, summer, computer, serpent, calculator, nadder, nedder, common viper. alehouse: (n) beerhouse, tavern, pub, public house, saloon, taphouse, mughouse, bar; (v) change. courts: (n) judges. forewarning: (n) premonition, warning, caution, advice, caveat, foreboding, presentiment, boding, information, notice, presage. infamy: (n) dishonor, disrepute,

ignominy, notoriety, shame, opprobrium, reproach, stain, discredit, baseness; (adj, n) pollution. ANTONYMS: (n) fame, virtue, honor, obscurity, pride. leper: (n) lazar, outcast, leprous, sufferer, pariah, refugee, mesel, invalid, castaway, derelict, diseased person. loathsome: (adj) foul, hideous, distasteful, disgusting, hateful, abominable, revolting, execrable,

loathly, nauseous, horrible. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, nice, noble, inoffensive, pleasant, admirable, good, attractive. nigh: (adj, adv, prep) near; (adj, adv) close, nearly, almost, nearby, most, all but, about, adjacent; (prep) by; (adj) approximate. waxen: (adj) pale, waxy, white, colorless, wan, ashen, yielding, soft, gray, drawn, cereous.

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But %left that hateful office unto thee. The pretty-vaulting sea refus'd to drown me, Knowing that thou wouldst have me drown'd on shore, With tears as salt as sea, through thy unkindness. The splitting rocks cower'd in the sinking sands And would not dash me with their ragged sides, Because thy flinty heart, more hard than they, Might in thy palace perish Margaret. As far as I could ken thy chalky cliffs, When from thy shore the tempest beat us back, I stood upon the hatches in the storm, And when the dusky sky began to rob My earnest-gaping sight of thy land's view, I took a costly jewel from my neck-A heart it was, bound in with diamonds-And threw it towards thy land; the sea receiv'd it, And so I wish'd thy body might my heart. And even with this I lost fair England's view, And bid mine eyes be packing with my heart, And call'd them blind and dusky spectacles, For losing ken of Albion's wished coast. How often have I tempted Suffolk's tongue, The agent of thy foul inconstancy, To sit and witch me, as Ascanius did When he to madding Dido would unfold His father's acts commenc'd in burning Troy! Am I not witch'd like her? or thou not false like him? Ay me, I can no more! die, Margaret! For Henry weeps that thou dost live so long. [Noise within. Enter WARWICK, SALISBURY, and many Commons.]

Thesaurus chalky: (adj) cretaceous, calcareous, dingy, sooty, somber. ANTONYMS: ragged: (adj, n) shabby; (adj) seedy, (adj) light, bright, sunny, radiant, candid, pale, powdery, white, worn, hoarse, jagged, scruffy, torn, untidy, unkempt; (adj, v) threadbare; achromatic, bloodless, cloudy, clear. jewel: (n) gemstone, darling, (n) harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) smart, opaque, crumbly. drown: (v) drench, submerge, diamond, jewelry, trinket, treasure, elegant, smooth, new, even. ornament, idol; (adj, n) bijou, salt: (adj) salty, saline, briny, brackish, overwhelm, choke, engulf, flood, precious stone; (adj) brilliant. pungent; (v) cure, pickle; (n) salinity, swamp, inundate, suffocate, asphyxiate; (adj, n, v) sink. madding: (adj) frantic. common salt, alkali; (adj, n) spice. ANTONYMS: (v) float, swim, perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, splitting: (adj) ripping; (n) fission, amplify, dry. go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, partition, division, schism, crack, dusky: (adj) dark, cloudy, gloomy, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) breakup, disunion, dissociation, cleavage; (v) to split. black, swarthy, dull, murky, obscure, survive, live, appear.

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WARWICK. It is reported, mighty sovereign, That good Duke Humphrey traitorously is murther'd By Suffolk and the Cardinal Beaufort's means. The commons, like an angry hive of bees That want their leader, scatter up and down And care not who they sting in his revenge. Myself have calm'd their spleenful mutiny Until they hear the order of his death.% KING. That he is dead, good Warwick, 't is too true; But how he died God knows, not Henry. Enter his chamber, view his breathless corpse, And comment then upon his sudden death. WARWICK. That shall I do, my liege.--Stay, Salisbury, With the rude multitude till I return. [Exit.] KING. O Thou that judgest all things, stay my thoughts, My thoughts, that labour to persuade my soul Some violent hands were laid on Humphrey's life! If my suspect be false, forgive me, God, For judgment only doth belong to thee. Fain would I go to chafe his paly lips With twenty thousand kisses, and to drain Upon his face an ocean of salt tears To tell my love unto his dumb deaf trunk, And with my fingers feel his hand unfeeling; But all in vain are these mean obsequies;

Thesaurus breathless: (adj, adv) out of breath; dim, silent, dull, slow, stupid, (adj) panting, inanimate, inarticulate, foolish, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, breathtaking, winded, choking, puffing; (v) all agog, aghast; (adj, n) communicative, intelligent, eager; (n) in hysterics. ANTONYMS: loquacious, sharp, smart, speaking, (adj) dull, expected, boring. brilliant, talkative. chafe: (v) rub, irritate, provoke, nettle, hive: (adj) swarm, herd; (v) store, SE annoy, gall, grate, abrade, anger, rile, nicher; (n) concourse, hiding place, graze. ANTONYMS: (v) cool, pacify, cave, cell, den, aerie, eyry. multitude: (n) flock, horde, crowd, soothe, protect, relieve, appease, smooth. host, throng, concourse, mob, masses, dumb: (adj) mute, speechless, dense, mass, herd, swarm. ANTONYM: (n)

trickle. ocean: (n) deep, brine, salt water, main, waves, watery waste, multitude, lot; (adj) oceanic, many, marine. scatter: (n, v) spread, spray; (v) disperse, dispel, disseminate, distribute, break up, dissipate, sprinkle, circulate, diffuse. ANTONYMS: (v) collect, reform, attract, concentrate. spleenful: (adj) fretful, spiteful.

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And to survey his dead and earthy image, What were it but to make my sorrow greater? [Re-enter WARWICK and others, bearing GLOSTER's body on a bed.] WARWICK. Come hither, gracious sovereign, view this body.% KING. That is to see how deep my grave is made; For with his soul fled all my worldly solace, For seeing him I see my life in death. WARWICK. As surely as my soul intends to live With that dread King that took our state upon him To free us from his father's wrathful curse, I do believe that violent hands were laid Upon the life of this thrice-famed duke. SUFFOLK. A dreadful oath, sworn with a solemn tongue! What instance gives Lord Warwick for his vow? WARWICK. See how the blood is settled in his face. Oft have I seen a timely-parted ghost, Of ashy semblance, meagre, pale, and bloodless, Being all descended to the labouring heart, Who, in the conflict that it holds with death, Attracts the same for aidance 'gainst the enemy, Which with the heart there cools and ne'er returneth To blush and beautify the cheek again. But see, his face is black and full of blood, His eyeballs further out than when he liv'd, Staring full ghastly like a strangled man;

Thesaurus ashy: (adj) wan, ashen, pale, sallow, blanch, pale, blench; (n) paleness. wonderful, lovely, attractive, pallid, grey, livid, gray, cadaverous, descended: (v) extraught. delightful. earthy: (adj) coarse, mundane, earthly, meagre: (adj) exiguous, paltry, pasty, white. beautify: (v) ornament, embellish, realistic, vulgar, worldly, gross, necessitous, miserable, marginal, decorate, deck, enhance, trim, terrestrial, natural, terrene, rude. meagerly, gaunt, emaciated, ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, garnish, gild, dress up, improve, inadequate, deficient, beggarly. bead. ANTONYMS: (v) deface, strip, cultured, clean. ANTONYM: (adj) ample. ghastly: (adj) awful, fearful, semblance: (adj, n) color; (n) mar, disfigure, uglify. blush: (n, v) glow, color; (v) redden, cadaverous, dreadful, grisly, resemblance, appearance, look, crimson; (n) red, bloom, rosiness, gruesome, macabre, hideous, aspect, air, image, similarity, ruddiness, redness; (adj) bashful; appalling, atrocious; (adv) pretense, guise, pretext. ANTONYM: (adv) blushingly. ANTONYMS: (v) gruesomely. ANTONYMS: (adj) (n) difference.

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His hair uprear'd, his nostrils stretch'd with struggling, His hands abroad display'd, as one that grasp'd And tugg'd for life and was by strength subdu'd. Look, on the sheets his hair, you see, is sticking; His well-proportion'd beard made rough and rugged, Like to the summer's corn by tempest lodged. It cannot be but he was murther'd here; The least of all these signs were probable.% SUFFOLK. Why, Warwick, who should do the duke to death? Myself and Beaufort had him in protection; And we, I hope, sir, are no murtherers. WARWICK. But both of you were vow'd Duke Humphrey's foes, And you, forsooth, had the good duke to keep; 'T is like you would not feast him like a friend, And 't is well seen he found an enemy. QUEEN. Then you, belike, suspect these noblemen As guilty of Duke Humphrey's timeless death. WARWICK. Who finds the heifer dead and bleeding fresh And sees fast by a butcher with an axe But will suspect 't was he that made the slaughter? Who finds the partridge in the puttock's nest But may imagine how the bird was dead, Although the kite soar with unbloodied beak? Even so suspicious is this tragedy. QUEEN. Are you the butcher, Suffolk? Where's your knife? Is Beaufort term'd a kite? Where are his talons?

Thesaurus belike: (adv) probably, likely, presumably, perhaps, believably, in all probability. feast: (n, v) junket, fete; (n) entertainment, dinner, binge, spread, celebration, jamboree, carousal; (v) feed, eat. ANTONYMS: (v) abstain, starve; (n) snack. heifer: (n) cow, shorthorn, quey, milch cow. kite: (n) flash note, base coin, plaything, parachute, airplane, bird

of prey, letter, former, slip, sink. accommodation bill; (v) scram. talons: (v) claws, tenaculum, unguis, nostrils: (n) naris, nose. tentacle, teeth; (n) clutches. partridge: (n) grouse, bobwhite, timeless: (adj) eternal, everlasting, bobwhite quail, wildfowl, phasianid, dateless, immortal, inopportune, quail, game bird, tinamou, ruffed interminable, undying, ageless, grouse. perpetual, endless, deathless. sheets: (n) rain, bed linen. ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary, soar: (v) climb, hover, fly, mount, mortal, modern. glide, leap, jump, lift, billow; (n, v) unbloodied: (adj) bloodless. rise, increase. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, drop, descend, collapse,

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SUFFOLK. I wear no knife to slaughter sleeping men; But here's a vengeful sword, rusted with ease, That shall be scoured in his rancorous heart That slanders me with murther's crimson badge.-Say, if thou dar'st, proud Lord of Warwickshire, That I am faulty in Duke Humphrey's death.% [Exeunt CARDINAL, SOMERSET, and others.] WARWICK. What dares not Warwick, if false Suffolk dare him? QUEEN. He dares not calm his contumelious spirit, Nor cease to be an arrogant controller, Though Suffolk dare him twenty thousand times. WARWICK. Madam, be still,--with reverence may I say; For every word you speak in his behalf Is slander to your royal dignity. SUFFOLK. Blunt-witted lord, ignoble in demeanour! If ever lady wrong'd her lord so much, Thy mother took into her blameful bed Some stern untutor'd churl, and noble stock Was graft with crab-tree slip, whose fruit thou art, And never of the Nevils' noble race. WARWICK. But that the guilt of murther bucklers thee And I should rob the deathsman of his fee, Quitting thee thereby of ten thousand shames, And that my sovereign's presence makes me mild,

Thesaurus blameful: (adj) blamable, blameworthy, blameable, guilty, censorious, unholy, censurable, sinful. churl: (adj, n) niggard; (n) peasant, clown, curmudgeon, crosspatch, skinflint, countryman, tyke, tike, scrooge; (adj) miser. ANTONYMS: (n) aristocrat, gentleman. contumelious: (adj) insolent, cavalier, opprobrious, bumptious, reproachful, sarcastic, contemptuous,

disparagement; (adj, n) abuse; (v) assuming, arrogant, snooty, denigrate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) intolerant. graft: (n, v) transplant, toil; (n) acclaim; (v) compliment; (n) corruption, bribery, bud, grafting, acclamation. bribe, implant; (v) engraft, ingraft, thereby: (adv) whereby, hereby. vengeful: (adj) vindictive, unforgiving, boodle. scoured: (adj) worn, windswept, malicious, spiteful, rancorous, wrinkled, weathered, tough, gnarled, unfriendly, unmerciful, despiteful, battered, craggy. resentful, avengeful, malevolent. slander: (n, v) scandal, insult, ANTONYMS: (adj) pardoning, calumniate; (adj, v) defame, asperse; condoning, forgiving. (n) defamation, aspersion, obloquy,

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I would, false murtherous coward, on thy knee Make thee beg pardon for thy passed speech And say it was thy mother that thou meant'st, That thou thyself was born in bastardy; And after all this fearful homage done, Give thee thy hire and send thy soul to hell, Pernicious blood-sucker of sleeping men! SUFFOLK. Thou shalt be waking while I shed thy blood, If from this presence thou dar'st go with me.% WARWICK. Away even now, or I will drag thee hence. Unworthy though thou art, I'll cope with thee And do some service to Duke Humphrey's ghost. [Exeunt SUFFOLK and WARWICK.] KING. What stronger breastplate than a heart untainted! Thrice is he arm'd that hath his quarrel just, And he but naked, though lock'd up in steel, Whose conscience with injustice is corrupted. [A noise within.] QUEEN. What noise is this? [Re-enter SUFFOLK and WARWICK, with their weapons drawn.] KING. Why, how now, lords! your wrathful weapons drawn Here in our presence! dare you be so bold? Why, what tumultuous clamour have we here?

Thesaurus breastplate: (n) corselet, armour plate, ANTONYM: (adj) pure. feud, brawl, row, altercation, argue, armor plating, armor plate; (n, v) coward: (n) cur, pantywaist, sneak, conflict, squabble; (n) dissension, shield, bulletproof vest; (v) cuirass, difference. ANTONYMS: (n) dastard, milksop, weakling, mask, gauntlet, apron, armored vest. milquetoast; (adj) gutless, agreement, reconciliation, clamour: (n) clamoring, hue and cry, acceptance, concord, consensus; (v) chickenhearted, pusillanimous, chicken-hearted. ANTONYMS: (n) clamouring, blare, bedlam, uproar, agree. daredevil, stalwart; (adj) brave. tumultuous: (adj, n) boisterous, vociferation, tumult, hubbub, exclamation; (v) utter. homage: (n) allegiance, obeisance, tempestuous; (adj) disorderly, corrupted: (adj) tainted, rotten, fealty, accolade, honor, loyalty, riotous, turbulent, noisy, furious, loud, troubled, disturbed; (adj, v) spoiled, degraded, adulterated, worship, veneration, deference, tumultuary. ANTONYMS: (adj) depraved, distorted, decayed, devotion, compliment. impaired, debased; (n) corrupter. quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v) fight, peaceful, calm.

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SUFFOLK. The traitorous Warwick with the men of Bury Set all upon me, mighty sovereign.% SALISBURY. [To the COMMONS, entering.] Sirs, stand apart; the king shall know your mind.-Dread lord, the commons send you word by me, Unless false Suffolk straight be done to death, Or banished fair England's territories, They will by violence tear him from your palace And torture him with grievous lingering death. They say, by him the good Duke Humphrey died; They say, in him they fear your highness' death; And mere instinct of love and loyalty, Free from a stubborn opposite intent, As being thought to contradict your liking, Makes them thus forward in his banishment. They say, in care of your most royal person, That if your highness should intend to sleep And charge that no man should disturb your rest In pain of your dislike or pain of death, Yet, notwithstanding such a strait edict, Were there a serpent seen, with forked tongue, That slily glided towards your majesty, It were but necessary you were wak'd, Lest, being suffer'd in that harmful slumber, The mortal worm might make the sleep eternal; And therefore do they cry, though you forbid, That they will guard you, whether you will or no, From such fell serpents as false Suffolk is, With whose envenomed and fatal sting,

Thesaurus contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie, conflict, confute, controvert, contravene, disprove, refute, invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS: (v) agree, match, correspond, approve, corroborate, prove, support, reinforce. edict: (n) act, command, writ, declaration, ruling, rule, regulation, directive, order, dictate, law. envenomed: (adj) caustic, venomous, virulent, mordacious, acrimonious.

forked: (adj) bifurcate, divided, branching, bifurcated, furcated, biramous, double, forked road, furcate, tined, forky. serpent: (n) snake, ophidian, viper, snake in the grass, reptile, rattlesnake, colubrid, contrafagotto, cor anglais, hautboy; (v) goose. slily: (adj) on the sly. slumber: (n, v) rest, doze, snooze, nap, drowse, repose, catnap; (v) be asleep, kip, take a nap; (n) siesta.

strait: (adj) narrow; (n) pinch, pass, inlet, need, channel, crisis, poverty, difficulty; (adj, n) quandary; (n, v) dilemma. traitorous: (adj) faithless, treacherous, false, treasonable, perfidious, unfaithful, treasonous, untrue, renegade, traitor, insidious. whether: (pron) where. worm: (v) squirm, wriggle, twist, spiral, helix, writhe; (n) helminth, maggot; (adj) emmet, midge, fly.

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Your loving uncle, twenty times his worth, They say, is shamefully bereft of life.% COMMONS. [Within.] An answer from the king, my Lord of Salisbury! SUFFOLK. 'T is like the commons, rude unpolish'd hinds, Could send such message to their sovereign; But you, my lord, were glad to be employ'd, To show how quaint an orator you are. But all the honour Salisbury hath won Is that he was the lord ambassador Sent from a sort of tinkers to the king. COMMONS. [Within.] An answer from the king, or we will all break in! KING. Go, Salisbury, and tell them all from me, I thank them for their tender loving care, And had I not been cited so by them, Yet did I purpose as they do entreat, For, sure, my thoughts do hourly prophesy Mischance unto my state by Suffolk's means; And therefore, by His majesty I swear, Whose far unworthy deputy I am, He shall not breathe infection in this air But three days longer, on the pain of death. [Exit SALISBURY.] QUEEN. O Henry, let me plead for gentle Suffolk!

Thesaurus breathe: (n, v) respire, subsist, imply; tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, (n) breath, bespeak; (adj, n, v) live; (v) uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving, exhale, exist, emit, rest, be. rough, paternal, indifferent, distant, ANTONYMS: (v) suffocate, hide, disapproving, callous. choke, asphyxiate, drain, die, inhale. orator: (n) elocutionist, speechmaker, hourly: (adv) always, by the hour, speaker, lecturer, Cicero, speechifier, demagog, demagogue, eulogist; (v) daily, often, constantly, continually, frequently; (adj) horary, continual, oratrix, oratress. ephemeral; (n) an hour. plead: (v) entreat, implore, beg, adjure, loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous, petition, ask, appeal, defend, invoke, sue; (n, v) allege. ANTONYMS: (v) kind, friendly, ardent, attached, admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v) answer, demand.

quaint: (adj) odd, funny, picturesque, comical, fanciful, curious, whimsical, strange, queer, peculiar, droll. ANTONYMS: (adj) modern, ordinary, dull. shamefully: (adv) ignominiously, ingloriously, scandalously, infamously, shockingly, discreditably, basely, outrageously; (adv, v) dishonorably, foully, nastily. ANTONYMS: (adv) commendably, compassionately, nobly.

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KING. Ungentle queen, to call him gentle Suffolk! No more, I say; if thou dost plead for him, Thou wilt but add increase unto my wrath. Had I but said, I would have kept my word, But when I swear, it is irrevocable.-If, after three days' space, thou here be'st found On any ground that I am ruler of, The world shall not be ransom for thy life.-Come, Warwick, come, good Warwick, go with me; I have great matters to impart to thee.% [Exeunt all but QUEEN and SUFFOLK.] QUEEN. Mischance and sorrow go along with you! Heart's discontent and sour affliction Be playfellows to keep you company! There's two of you; the devil make a third! And threefold vengeance tend upon your steps! SUFFOLK. Cease, gentle queen, these execrations, And let thy Suffolk take his heavy leave. QUEEN. Fie, coward woman and soft-hearted wretch, Has thou not spirit to curse thine enemy? SUFFOLK. A plague upon them! wherefore should I curse them? Would curses kill, as doth the mandrake's groan, I would invent as bitter-searching terms, As curst, as harsh and horrible to hear, Deliver'd strongly through my fixed teeth, With full as many signs of deadly hate,

Thesaurus curses: (n) abuse. happiness; (v) content; (adj, n) happy; curst: (adj) darned, damned, deuced, (adj) contented. impart: (v) give, convey, disclose, goddam, goddamn, goddamned, maledict, everlasting, damnable, communicate, announce, grant, damn, accursed. reveal, hand, bestow, divulge, confer. discontent: (n) disapproval, ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, discontentment, disaffection, withdraw. ransom: (v) redeem, repair, extricate; displeasure, disappointment, discontentedness, unrest; (adj) (n, v) rescue, blackmail, repurchase; melancholy, dissatisfied, disgruntled, (n) deliverance, ransom money, discontented. ANTONYMS: (n) assessment, benevolence, excise. soft-hearted: (adj) sympathetic, tender, contentment, pleasure, accord,

warm, lenient, compassionate, merciful, clement, sentimental. threefold: (adj) triple, dual, double, trinal, ternary, trine, triplex, bivalent; (adj, v) triplicate; (adv) three times, thrice. vengeance: (n) retribution, reprisal, retaliation, requital, avengement, wrath, vendetta, spite, revengeance; (n, v) avenge, resentment. ANTONYMS: (n) forgiveness, acceptance.

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As lean-fac'd Envy in her loathsome cave. My tongue should stumble in mine earnest words; Mine eyes should sparkle like the beaten flint; Mine hair be fix'd an end, as one distract; Ay, every joint should seem to curse and ban; And even now my burthen'd heart would break, Should I not curse them. Poison be their drink! Gall, worse than gall, the daintiest that they taste! Their sweetest shade a grove of cypress-trees! Their chiefest prospect murthering basilisks! Their softest touch as smart as lizards' stings! Their music frightful as the serpent's hiss, And boding screech-owls make the consort full! All the foul terrors in dark-seated hell-QUEEN. Enough, sweet Suffolk; thou torment'st thyself; And these dread curses, like the sun 'gainst glass, Or like an overcharged gun, recoil And turns the force of them upon thyself.% SUFFOLK. You bade me ban, and will you bid me leave? Now, by the ground that I am banish'd from, Well could I curse away a winter's night, Though standing naked on a mountain top Where biting cold would never let grass grow, And think it but a minute spent in sport. QUEEN. O, let me entreat thee cease. Give me thy hand, That I may dew it with my mournful tears; Nor let the rain of heaven wet this place, To wash away my woeful monuments.

Thesaurus bade: (v) bid, command, bad. pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure, boding: (n) presentiment, crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand, premonition, foreboding, portent, reject. frightful: (adj, v) fearful; (adj) augury, forewarning, hunch, apprehensiveness, apprehension. formidable, awful, fearsome, consort: (n, v) associate, husband; (n) appalling, gruesome, horrible, companion; (v) agree, affiliate, assort, terrible, dread, frightening, grim. accord, mix, keep company, socialize, ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, group. ANTONYMS: (v) disagree, calming, soothing, pleasant, lovely, estrange, differ, dissociate, avoid; (n) fair. sparkle: (n, v) flicker, flash, shimmer, foe, rival, antagonist, enemy. entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore, spark, shine, blaze, fizz, gleam,

glitter; (v) blink, glare. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, dullness, lifelessness. stumble: (adj, n, v) slip; (n, v) lurch, fall, err, stagger; (adj, v) blunder, flounder, fumble; (n) misstep; (v) hit, falter. woeful: (adj) sad, lamentable, sorrowful, pitiful, wretched, pitiable, doleful, woebegone, deplorable, piteous, regrettable. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, joyful, glad, praiseworthy, laudable.

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O, %could this kiss be printed in thy hand, That thou mightest think upon these by the seal, Through whom a thousand sighs are breath'd for thee! So, get thee gone, that I may know my grief; 'T is but surmis'd whiles thou art standing by, As one that surfeits thinking on a want. I will repeal thee, or, be well assur'd, Adventure to be banished myself; And banished I am, if but from thee. Go; speak not to me, even now be gone.-O, go not yet!--Even thus two friends condemn'd Embrace and kiss and take ten thousand leaves, Loather a hundred times to part than die. Yet now farewell; and farewell life with thee! SUFFOLK. Thus is poor Suffolk ten times banished; Once by the king, and three times thrice by thee. 'T is not the land I care for, wert thou thence; A wilderness is populous enough, So Suffolk had thy heavenly company; For where thou art, there is the world itself, With every several pleasure in the world, And where thou art not, desolation. I can no more; live thou to joy thy life, Myself no joy in nought but that thou liv'st. [Enter VAUX.] QUEEN. Whither goes Vaux so fast? what news, I prithee? VAUX. To signify unto his majesty That Cardinal Beaufort is at point of death;

Thesaurus friends: (n) circle, associates, connections, links, support group, acquaintances. kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, love. populous: (adj) multitudinous, crowded, densely populated, multiple, thick, inhabited, numerous, manifold, multiplied; (adj, v) teeming; (v) closely packed. ANTONYM: (adj)

uninhabited. importance, prestige, place, printed: (adj) written, imprinted, reputation, footing; (adj) erect, motionless, continuance; (n, v) stand. stamped, pressed, embossed, on ANTONYMS: (adj) seated, moving, paper. repeal: (n, v) recall; (adj, v) annul, horizontal, falling, temporary. cancel, abrogate, abolish, invalidate; thrice: (adv) three times, thirdly. (v) revoke, quash, rescind, wilderness: (adj, n, v) desert; (adj, n) countermand; (n) abolition. wild; (n) wasteland, solitude, ANTONYMS: (v) enact, ratify, badlands, wildness, frontier, validate, impose, reinstate, maintain; boondocks, backwoods; (adj) Sahara; (n) enactment, ratification. (v) squandering. ANTONYM: (n) standing: (n) fame, position, metropolis.

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For suddenly a grievous sickness took him, That makes him gasp and stare and catch the air, Blaspheming God and cursing men on earth. Sometime he talks as if Duke Humphrey's ghost Were by his side, sometime he calls the king And whispers to his pillow as to him The secrets of his overcharged soul; And I am sent to tell his majesty That even now he cries aloud for him.% QUEEN. Go tell this heavy message to the king.-[Exit Vaux.] Ay me! what is this world! what news are these! But wherefore grieve I at an hour's poor loss, Omitting Suffolk's exile, my soul's treasure? Why only, Suffolk, mourn I not for thee, And with the southern clouds contend in tears, Theirs for the earth's increase, mine for my sorrows? Now get thee hence. The king, thou know'st, is coming; If thou be found by me; thou art but dead. SUFFOLK. If I depart from thee, I cannot live; And in thy sight to die, what were it else But like a pleasant slumber in thy lap? Here could I breathe my soul into the air, As mild and gentle as the cradle-babe Dying with mother's dug between its lips; Where, from thy sight, I should be raging mad And cry out for thee to close up mine eyes, To have thee with thy lips to stop my mouth.

Thesaurus contend: (v) wrestle, compete, conflict, breathe, sigh, heave, wheeze, breathe mourn: (v) bewail, grieve, deplore, cry, heavily, gag; (n) inhalation, breath. combat, argue, war, clash, altercate, bemoan, regret, distress, sad, wail, struggle, contest; (n, v) allege. grieve: (n, v) distress, aggrieve, afflict, mourning, weep. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (v) retreat, harmonize, sorrow, annoy; (v) trouble, lament, rejoice, celebrate, applaud. pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not move; abandon, deny, cede, agree, deplore, bemoan, fret, bewail. ANTONYMS: (v) rejoice, celebrate, (adj) wadding; (n) throw pillow, surrender, desert. cursing: (adj) cursed, execrative; (n) encourage. Wanger, bed pillow, feather bed, long grievous: (adj) bitter, dolorous, blasphemy, anathema, swearing, pillow, padding. sometime: (adv) someday, once, one swear word, malediction, execration, dreadful, deplorable, sad, tough, denunciation, cursedness; (v) day, formerly, sooner or later; (adj) pitiful, atrocious, regrettable, sorrowful, sorry. ANTONYM: (adj) beshrew. quondam, erstwhile, former, old, late; gasp: (n, v) pant; (v) puff, blow, (adj, adv) sometimes. successful.

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So shouldst thou either turn my flying soul, Or I should breathe it so into thy body, And then it liv'd in sweet Elysium. To die by thee were but to die in jest; From thee to die were torture more than death. O, let me stay, befall what may befall! QUEEN. Away! though parting be a fretful corrosive, It is applied to a deathful wound. To France, sweet Suffolk; let me hear from thee, For whereso'er thou art in this world's globe I'll have an Iris that shall find thee out.% SUFFOLK. I go. QUEEN. And take my heart with thee. SUFFOLK. A jewel, lock'd into the wofull'st cask That ever did contain a thing of worth. Even as a splitted bark, so sunder we; This way fall I to death. QUEEN. This way for me. [Exeunt severally.]

SCENE III. A BEDCHAMBER. [Enter the KING, SALISBURY, and WARWICK, to the CARDINAL in bed.]

Thesaurus applied: (adj) pragmatic, useful, used, eliminate, unleash, broaden, free. concrete. ANTONYMS: (adj) deathful: (adj) mortal. fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj) restless, unrelated, untested, unused, unenforced. anxious, testy, sullen, irritable, bark: (n, v) skin, yelp, snarl, cry, rind, impatient, uneasy, petulant, fidgety, shout; (v) growl, roar; (n) bay, peel, crabbed. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree. crust. ANTONYMS: (n, v) whisper. parting: (n) adieu, division, leave, contain: (v) comprehend, include, departure, disunion, goodbye, accommodate, curb, restrict, carry, leaving, segregation, dying, rupture; (adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n) bear, admit, restrain, embrace, take. ANTONYMS: (v) express, vent, joining, meeting, connection, release, omit, lack, except, encourage, Reunion.

sunder: (n, v) divide, sever, part, share, divorce; (v) separate, dissever, tear, detach, cleave; (n) fragment. sweet: (adj) fresh, mellow, lovable, dear, pleasant, musical, melodious, pleasing, sugary; (adj, v) lovely; (adj, n) beloved. ANTONYMS: (adj) discordant, bitter, acid, sharp, acidic, pungent, salty, harsh, detestable, cacophonous, dry.

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KING. How fares my lord? speak, Beaufort, to thy sovereign.% CARDINAL. If thou be'st Death, I'll give thee England's treasure, Enough to purchase such another island, So thou wilt let me live and feel no pain. KING. Ah, what a sign it is of evil life Where death's approach is seen so terrible! WARWICK. Beaufort, it is thy sovereign speaks to thee. CARDINAL. Bring me unto my trial when you will. Died he not in his bed? where should he die? Can I make men live, whether they will or no? O, torture me no more! I will confess.-Alive again? then show me where he is; I'll give a thousand pound to look upon him. He hath no eyes, the dust hath blinded them. Comb down his hair; look, look! it stands upright, Like lime-twigs set to catch my winged soul.-Give me some drink; and bid the apothecary Bring the strong poison that I bought of him. KING. O Thou eternal Mover of the Heavens, Look with a gentle eye upon this wretch! O, beat away the busy meddling fiend That lays strong siege unto this wretch's soul, And from his bosom purge this black despair!

Thesaurus blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder, wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, blindly, reckless, unsighted, disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: (n) blindfold, dizzy. bosom: (n) heart, interior, boob, goodness, righteousness, morality; thorax, chest, bust, tit; (n, v) embrace; (adj) kindhearted, righteous, benign, (v) cherish, hug; (adj) intimate. moral, pure, upright, virtuous, ANTONYMS: (n) outside, exteriority. sinless. dust: (v) sprinkle, clean, spray, wipe, meddling: (adj) busy, inquisitive, spread; (n) dirt, earth, relics, grit, curious, meddlesome, intrusive, remains, soil. ANTONYMS: (n) officious, nosy, dabbling, newness; (v) dirty. impertinent, busybodied; (adj, n) evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, prying.

siege: (n) blockade, envelopment, encirclement, investment, besieging; (v) beleaguer, encompass, environ, envelop, encircle, beset. speaks: (n) talks. stands: (n) bleachers, stood, grandstand, standing, stop, covered stand, standpoint, stall, sales booth, reviewing stand, rack. winged: (adj) swift, rapid, speedy, quick, flying, alate, sublime, lofty, alated, aligerous, composed.

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WARWICK. See how the pangs of death do make him grin! SALISBURY. Disturb him not; let him pass peaceably.% KING. Peace to his soul, if God's good pleasure be!-Lord cardinal, if thou think'st on heaven's bliss, Hold up thy hand, make signal of thy hope.-He dies, and makes no sign.--O God, forgive him! WARWICK. So bad a death argues a monstrous life. KING HENRY. Forbear to judge, for we are sinners all.-Close up his eyes and draw the curtain close; And let us all to meditation. [Exeunt.]

Thesaurus argues: (v) argue. frown. curtain: (n, v) cover; (n) barrier, judge: (v) consider, think, evaluate, drapery, blind, screen, mantle, mask, believe, condemn, assess, calculate, shade, pall, shroud; (v) hide. guess; (n) arbitrator, arbiter; (n, v) forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, umpire. ANTONYM: (v) doubt. meditation: (n, v) contemplation, remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. study; (n) consideration, reflection, ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, deliberation, thought, introspection, castigate. musing, rumination, conception, grin: (n, v) beam; (v) laugh, sneer, leer, reflexion. ANTONYM: (n) quib, quip, satire, skit; (n) smirk, distraction. grinning, simper. ANTONYM: (v) monstrous: (adj) huge, atrocious,

heinous, monster, immense, gigantic, grievous, ugly, flagitious, dreadful; (adj, v) grotesque. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, minute, beautiful, good, small, lovely, attractive. pangs: (n) anguish, compunction, contrition, distress. signal: (n, v) omen, gesture, presage, wave, alert; (n) indication, flag, alarm; (v) indicate; (adj, n) salient, prominent. ANTONYMS: (adj) inconspicuous, ordinary.

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ACT IV

SCENE I. THE COAST OF KENT.% [Alarum. Fight at sea. Ordnance goes off. Enter a CAPTAIN, a MASTER, a MASTER'S MATE, WALTER WHITMORE, and others; with them SUFFOLK, and others, prisoners.] CAPTAIN. The gaudy, blabbing, and remorseful day Is crept into the bosom of the sea; And now loud-howling wolves arouse the jades That drag the tragic melancholy night, Who, with their drowsy, slow, and flagging wings, Clip dead men's graves and from their misty jaws Breathe foul contagious darkness in the air. Therefore bring forth the soldiers of our prize; For, whilst our pinnace anchors in the Downs, Here shall they make their ransom on the sand Or with their blood stain this discolour'd shore.-Master, this prisoner freely give I thee;--

Thesaurus contagious: (adj) catching, refreshed. flagging: (adj) tired, fading, lazy, communicable, pestiferous, slack, failing, remiss, pendulous; (v) transmissible, epidemic, lame, halting, enervate; (n) pavement. transmittable, poisonous, spreading, pestilent; (n) infection; (v) infect. ANTONYM: (adj) prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj) noncontagious, gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, noninfectious. garish, flamboyant, tasteless, colorful, drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy, tacky, brassy, tawdry, florid. comatose, somnolent, slow, lethargic, ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, sluggish, dull, indolent, soporific, restrained, muted, drab, modest, listless. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, dull, quality. ordnance: (n) artillery, cannon, awake, lively, vigorous, vivacious,

armament, munitions, arsenal, weapons, heavy weapon, catapult, bricole, munition, ordinance. pinnace: (n) launch, cutter, gig, tender, legal tender, fishing vessel, cutting tool, carver, bid, attender, attendant. remorseful: (adj) penitent, regretful, apologetic, sorry, repentant, regret, sad, rueful, bad, compunctious, compassionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) glad, unremorseful.

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And thou that art his mate, make boot of this;-The other, Walter Whitmore, is thy share.% FIRST GENTLEMAN. What is my ransom, master? let me know? MASTER. A thousand crowns, or else lay down your head. MATE. And so much shall you give, or off goes yours. CAPTAIN. What, think you much to pay two thousand crowns, And bear the name and port of gentlemen?-Cut both the villains' throats;--for die you shall. The lives of those which we have lost in fight Be counterpois'd with such a petty sum! FIRST GENTLEMAN. I'll give it, sir; and therefore spare my life. SECOND GENTLEMAN. And so will I, and write home for it straight. WHITMORE. I lost mine eye in laying the prize aboard,-- [To Suffolk] And therefore, to revenge it, shalt thou die;-- And so should these, if I might have my will. CAPTAIN. Be not so rash; take ransom, let him live. SUFFOLK. Look on my George; I am a gentleman. Rate me at what thou wilt, thou shalt be paid. WHITMORE. And so am I; my name is Walter Whitmore. How now! why start'st thou? What, doth death affright?

Thesaurus affright: (v) frighten, scare, horrify, startle, terrorize, terrify, intimidate; (n) dread, alarm, fear; (n, v) fright. boot: (n, v) kick; (n) boots, Wellingtons, bang, gain, jackboot, buskin, kicking, charge, shoe, bootikin. laying: (n) egg laying, placing, parturition, place, repose, setting, put, position, lay, oyster park, oviposition. mate: (n, v) equal, partner, spouse;

(adj, n) companion, comrade, fellow, associate, friend; (n) compeer, consort, husband. petty: (adj) insignificant, trivial, little, frivolous, paltry, puny, negligible, light, mean, minute, exiguous. ANTONYMS: (adj) important, serious, generous, profound, significant, expansive, crucial, considerable, broadminded, enormous. rash: (adj, n) foolhardy, hasty,

precipitate, eruption; (adj) imprudent, reckless, impetuous, heedless, audacious, sudden; (adj, adv) thoughtless. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, careful, sensible, wise, considered, deliberate, prudent, modest, slow, responsible, patient. revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance, reprisal, retaliation, repayment, grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate, repay, requite, vindicate. yours: (adj) own.

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SUFFOLK. Thy name affrights me, in whose sound is death. A cunning man did calculate my birth And told me that by water I should die. Yet let not this make thee be bloody-minded; Thy name is Gaultier, being rightly sounded.% WHITMORE. Gaultier or Walter, which it is, I care not. Never yet did base dishonour blur our name But with our sword we wip'd away the blot; Therefore, when merchant-like I sell revenge, Broke be my sword, my arms torn and defac'd, And I proclaim'd a coward through the world! SUFFOLK. Stay, Whitmore; for thy prisoner is a prince, The Duke of Suffolk, William de la Pole. WHITMORE. The Duke of Suffolk muffled up in rags! SUFFOLK. Ay, but these rags are no part of the duke; Jove sometime went disguis'd, and why not I? CAPTAIN. But Jove was never slain, as thou shalt be. SUFFOLK. Obscure and lowly swain, King Henry's blood, The honourable blood of Lancaster, Must not be shed by such a jaded groom. Hast thou not kiss'd thy hand and held my stirrup? Bare-headed plodded by my foot-cloth mule And thought thee happy when I shook my head?

Thesaurus blur: (n, v) blemish, smudge, slur; (v) taint, smear, cloud, obscure, blear, dim; (adj, v) daub; (adj, n) stain. ANTONYMS: (v) sharpen, accentuate, uncloud, purify, focus, define, cleanse, clean. calculate: (v) estimate, compute, add, account, appraise, gauge, cipher, reckon, enumerate, forecast, guess. ANTONYMS: (v) suppose, doubt, estimate. jaded: (adj) tired, fatigued, worn,

swain: (n) boyfriend, fellow, love, weary, wearied, fed up, satiate, rustic, flame, hind, man; (adj, n) lover, worn-out, bored, satiated, sick. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, innocent, sweetheart, admirer; (adj) suitor. torn: (adj, prep) lacerated, rent, brilliant. muffled: (adj) hushed, muted, hollow, mangled; (adj) ripped, tattered, inarticulate, faint, soft, subdued, low, blasted, lacerate, shabby, quiet; (v) allusive, covert. goddamned, infernal, made ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct, uninhabitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) audible, slight. pristine, sure, resolute, healed, rags: (adj) refuse, rubble, scourings, decided, mended. sweepings, trash, waste; (n) clothing, tatter, orts, odds and ends, dress.

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How often hast thou waited at my cup, Fed from my trencher, kneel'd down at the board, When I have feasted with Queen Margaret? Remember it and let it make thee crest-fallen, Ay, and allay thus thy abortive pride, How in our voiding lobby hast thou stood And duly waited for my coming forth. This hand of mine hath writ in thy behalf, And therefore shall it charm thy riotous tongue.% WHITMORE. Speak, captain, shall I stab the forlorn swain? CAPTAIN. First let my words stab him, as he hath me. SUFFOLK. Base slave, thy words are blunt and so art thou. CAPTAIN. Convey him hence, and on our long-boat's side Strike off his head. SUFFOLK. Thou dar'st not, for thy own. CAPTAIN. Yes, Pole! SUFFOLK. Pole! CAPTAIN. Pool! Sir Pool! lord! Ay, kennel, puddle, sink, whose filth and dirt Troubles the silver spring where England drinks. Now will I dam up this thy yawning mouth For swallowing the treasure of the realm;

Thesaurus allay: (n, v) ease; (adj, v) still, quell, lay, riotous: (adj) disorderly, turbulent, appease, quiet; (v) abate, mitigate, boisterous, insubordinate, lawless, moderate, quench, alleviate. insurgent, tumultuous, rebellious, ANTONYMS: (v) arouse, excite, dissolute, profuse, profligate. ANTONYMS: (adj) orderly, heighten, intensify, magnify, provoke, stir, exacerbate, aggravate. manageable, peaceful, tranquil, kennel: (n) doghouse, ditch, gully, gentle, conventional. swallowing: (adj) absorptive, fosse, dike, drain, culvert, sewer, gutter, hutch, trough. unsuspecting, absorbent, absorbing; puddle: (n, v) plash; (n) pond, lake, (n) consumption. slop, lough, mere, loch, lin; (v) trencher: (n) dish, platter, chopping muddle, make, addle. board, porringer, potager, ditch

digger, saucer, calabash, crucible. voiding: (n) incontinence, incontinency, discharge, elimination, evacuation, urination, excreting, excretion, defecation, laxation, liquidation. yawning: (adj, v) gaping, oscitant; (n) yawn, hiation, pandiculation, oscitancy; (adj) cavernous, open, drowsy, profound, sleepy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cramped, narrow.

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Thy %lips that kiss'd the queen shall sweep the ground; And thou that smil'dst at good Duke Humphrey's death Against the senseless winds shalt grin in vain, Who in contempt shall hiss at thee again. And wedded be thou to the hags of hell, For daring to affy a mighty lord Unto the daughter of a worthless king, Having neither subject, wealth, nor diadem. By devilish policy art thou grown great And, like ambitious Sylla, overgorg'd With gobbets of thy mother's bleeding heart. By thee Anjou and Maine were sold to France, The false revolting Normans thorough thee Disdain to call us lord, and Picardy Hath slain their governors, surpris'd our forts, And sent the ragged soldiers wounded home. The princely Warwick, and the Nevils all, Whose dreadful swords were never drawn in vain, As hating thee are rising up in arms; And now the house of York, thrust from the crown By shameful murther of a guiltless king And lofty proud encroaching tyranny, Burns with revenging fire, whose hopeful colours Advance our half-fac'd sun, striving to shine, Under the which is writ 'Invitis nubibus.' The commons here in Kent are up in arms; And, to conclude, reproach and beggary Is crept into the palace of our king, And all by thee.--Away! convey him hence. SUFFOLK. O that I were a god, to shoot forth thunder Upon these paltry, servile, abject drudges!

Thesaurus encroaching: (adj) invasive, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, pleasant, tasty, delicious, edible, invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; lovable, delightful, appealing, lovely. aggressive. hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring, (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n, servile: (adj) abject, obsequious, base, v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n) disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful; fawning, ignoble, sordid, subservient, (n) venom. cringing, slavish; (adj, n) mean, low. compliment, commendation, paltry: (adj, n) mean; (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) bossy, assertive. approval. contemptible, measly, trifling, abject, revenging: (adj) malicious, revengeful. sold: (adj) depleted, interested; (v) to revolting: (adj) offensive, loathsome, insignificant, inconsiderable, puny, market. little, trivial, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty, foul, detestable, nauseating, wedded: (adj, v) marital, connubial, matrimonial, conjugal, wed; (adj) generous, substantial, plentiful, nauseous, horrible, hideous, repellent; (adj, v) sickening. nuptial, bridal. ANTONYMS: (adj) enormous, important, profound. reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, unmarried, unattached.

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Small things make base men proud; this villain here, Being captain of a pinnace, threatens more Than Bargulus the strong Illyrian pirate.-Drones suck not eagles' blood but rob bee-hives. It is impossible that I should die By such a lowly vassal as thyself. Thy words move rage and not remorse in me. I go of message from the queen to France; I charge thee waft me safely cross the Channel.% CAPTAIN. Walter,-WHITMORE. Come, Suffolk, I must waft thee to thy death. SUFFOLK. Gelidus timor occupat artus; it is thee I fear. WHITMORE. Thou shalt have cause to fear before I leave thee. What, are ye daunted now? now will ye stoop? FIRST GENTLEMAN. My gracious lord, entreat him, speak him fair. SUFFOLK. Suffolk's imperial tongue is stern and rough, Us'd to command, untaught to plead for favour. Far be it we should honour such as these With humble suit; no, rather let my head Stoop to the block than these knees bow to any Save to the God of heaven and to my king, And sooner dance upon a bloody pole Than stand uncover'd to the vulgar groom.

Thesaurus daunted: (adj) downcast, dispirited, ANTONYM: (v) straighten. discouraged, frightened, intimidated, suck: (v) nurse, drink, imbibe, suckle, disheartened, dismayed, afraid, absorb, lactate, puff, drain, pull, suck up; (n) sucking. ANTONYM: (v) rock. abashed, bashful, discomposed. remorse: (n) penitence, contrition, untaught: (adj) illiterate, ignorant, repentance, regret, guilt, penance, unschooled, uninformed, untutored, sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness, uninstructed, uncultivated, unlicked, compassion. ANTONYM: (n) unnurtured, unhatched, unfledged. ANTONYMS: (adj) trained, educated, shamelessness. stoop: (v) crouch, bend, deign, literate, economical. vassal: (n) feudatory, liegeman, liege, condescend, descend, squat, couch, cringe, lean, lower oneself; (n) porch. serf, helot, dependent, subject, liege

subject, follower, bondman, homager. vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian, nasty, common, foul, indecent, gross, unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile. ANTONYMS: (adj) refined, sophisticated, tasteful, polite, aesthetic, muted, fashionable, decent, artistic, pleasant, clean. waft: (v) blow, float, drift, glide, wave, gust; (n) whiff, puff, vivda, vifda, pennoncelle.

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True nobility is exempt from fear; More can I bear than you dare execute.% CAPTAIN. Hale him away, and let him talk no more. SUFFOLK. Come, soldiers, show what cruelty ye can, That this my death may never be forgot! Great men oft die by vile bezonians: A Roman sworder and banditto slave Murther'd sweet Tully; Brutus' bastard hand Stabb'd Julius Caesar; savage islanders Pompey the Great; and Suffolk dies by pirates. [Exeunt WHITMORE and others with SUFFOLK.] CAPTAIN. And as for these whose ransom we have set, It is our pleasure one of them depart, Therefore come you with us, and let him go. [Exeunt all but the FIRST GENTLEMAN.] [Re-enter WHITMORE with SUFFOLK'S body.] WHITMORE. There let his head and lifeless body lie Until the queen his mistress bury it. [Exit.] FIRST GENTLEMAN. O barbarous and bloody spectacle! His body will I bear unto the king. If he revenge it not, yet will his friends; So will the queen, that living held him dear. [Exit with the body.]

Thesaurus barbarous: (adj) barbaric, savage, gothic, brutal, heathen, truculent, rude, fell, ferocious, fierce, uncivilized. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, cultured, civilized, sophisticated, refined, humane. exempt: (v) absolve, discharge, dispense, forgive, relieve, justify, except; (adj, v) free; (adj) immune, at liberty, released. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) nonexempt; (adj) liable, taxable, bound; (v) enforce, blame, include.

lifeless: (adj) inanimate, dull, insipid, savage: (adj, v) fierce, wild, furious; (adj) ferocious, brutal, cruel, defunct, inactive, flat, exanimate, bloodthirsty, rough, pitiless; (adj, n) dreary, tedious, inert, lackluster. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively, stiff, alive, brute; (n) vandal. ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, awake, moving, upright, civilized, gentle, nice. vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low; bright, brilliant, firm, inspiring. nobility: (n) aristocracy, greatness, (adj, v) base; (adj) despicable, ignoble, dignity, lord, noblesse, evil, sorry, revolting, offensive, nasty. magnanimousness, baronage, gentry, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, kind, nobleman; (adj) generosity; (adj, n) nice, lovely, lovable, gentle, magnanimity. ANTONYM: (n) honorable, good, delightful, baseness. admirable, noble.

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SCENE II. BLACKHEATH.% [Enter GEORGE BEVIS and JOHN HOLLAND.] GEORGE. Come, and get thee a sword, though made of a lath; they have been up these two days. HOLLAND. They have the more need to sleep now, then. BEVIS. I tell thee, Jack Cade the clothier means to dress the commonwealth, and turn it, and set a new nap upon it. HOLLAND. So he had need, for 't is threadbare. Well, I say it was never merry world in England since gentlemen came up. BEVIS. O miserable age! virtue is not regarded in handicraftsmen. HOLLAND. The nobility think scorn to go in leather aprons. BEVIS. Nay, more, the king's council are no good workmen. HOLLAND. True; and yet it is said, labour in thy vocation, which is as much to say as, let the magistrates be labouring men; and therefore should we be magistrates. BEVIS. Thou hast hit it; for there's no better sign of a brave mind than a hard hand. HOLLAND. I see them! I see them! There's Best's son, the tanner of Wingham,--

Thesaurus clothier: (n) milliner, sempstress, happy, generous, cheerful, cheery, merchandiser, snip, costumier, tailor, bright, fortunate, hopeful, jubilant, haberdasher. luxurious, overjoyed, heavenly. gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs. regarded: (adj) reputed. lath: (n) fillet, spline, batten, plank, scorn: (v) despise, contemn, reject; (n, v) ridicule, neglect, disregard, deride, list, ribbon, strip, rod, flat timber, spill; (v) frame. slight; (n) contempt, derision, magistrates: (n) bench, courts, judges. mockery. ANTONYMS: (n, v) respect, miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched, praise; (v) appreciate, revere, value, unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject, approve, admire, accept; (n) deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate; admiration, commendation, humility. (adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS: (adj) tanner: (n) artificer, artisan, coin,

craftsman, journeyman. threadbare: (adj, v) stale, shabby, dilapidated, bald, frayed, faded; (adj) hackneyed, worn, banal, trite, tattered. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, unused, reliable, fresh, unworn, pristine, original. vocation: (n, v) calling, profession, employment; (n) occupation, job, trade, business, career, line, mission, line of work.

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BEVIS. He shall have the skin of our enemies, to make dog's- leather of.% HOLLAND. And Dick the butcher,-BEVIS. Then is sin struck down like an ox, and iniquity's throat cut like a calf. HOLLAND. And Smith the weaver,-BEVIS. Argo, their thread of life is spun. HOLLAND. Come, come, let's fall in with them. [Drum. Enter CADE, DICK the Butcher, SMITH the Weaver, and a SAWYER, with infinite numbers.] CADE. We John Cade, so term'd of our supposed father,-DICK. [Aside.] Or rather, of stealing a cade of herrings. CADE. For our enemies shall fall before us, inspired with the spirit of putting down kings and princes,--Command silence. DICK. Silence! CADE. My father was a Mortimer,-DICK. [Aside.] He was an honest man and a good bricklayer.

Thesaurus bricklayer: (n) builder, mason, architect, artificer, artist, craftsman, forger, journeyman, smith, Wright, Vulcan. calf: (n) calves, calfskin, sura, foal, shorthorn, pup, kitten, colt, leather, kid, box calf. herrings: (n) family Clupeidae, etc, Clupeidae. infinite: (adj) absolute, eternal, endless, countless, immense, incalculable, boundless, innumerable,

immeasurable, everlasting, spaceless. ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, limited, restricted, small, tiny, slight. inspired: (adj) ingenious, adopted, elysian, creative, imaginative, elected, inventive, unearthly, brilliant, stimulated, enthusiastic. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, unimaginative, abysmal, mediocre. leather: (n) fur, fleece, skin, buckskin, fell, pelt, doeskin; (v) drub, thresh, thrash; (n, v) hit.

spun: (adj) spined; (v) rotate, revolve. stealing: (n) pilferage, larceny, theft, steal, burglary, misappropriation, embezzlement, stolen, thievery, pilfering, thieving. thread: (n) screw thread, yarn, rope, wire, twine, ligature; (adj, n, v) line, file; (n, v) string together; (adj, v) range; (v) penetrate. throat: (n) orifice, pharynx, gorge, mouth, muzzle, nozzle, sucker, shaft, quarl, throat depth, nostril.

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CADE. My mother a Plantagenet,-DICK. [Aside.] I knew her well; she was a midwife.% CADE. My wife descended of the Lacies,-DICK. [Aside.] She was, indeed, a pedler's daughter, and sold many laces. SMITH. [Aside.] But now of late, not able to travel with her furred pack, she washes bucks here at home. CADE. Therefore am I of an honourable house. DICK. [Aside.] Ay, by my faith, the field is honourable; and there was he born, under a hedge, for his father had never a house but the cage. CADE. Valiant I am. SMITH. [Aside.] A' must needs; for beggary is valiant. CADE. I am able to endure much. DICK. [Aside.]

Thesaurus beggary: (n) poverty, want, begging, unmarried woman, damsel, miss, penury, pauperism, need, indigence, missy, virgin. faith: (n) confidence, belief, conviction, solicitation, misery, squalor, destitution. trust, credence, credit, creed, bucks: (n) money, cash. assurance, cult, expectation, cage: (n, v) jail; (n) basket, birdcage, dependence. ANTONYMS: (n) hutch, gaol, frame, corral, cell; (v) disbelief, distrust, dubiosity, confine, imprison, enclose. skepticism, despair, uncertainty, ANTONYMS: (v) release; (n) doubt, independence. furred: (adj) hairy, hirsute, fur lined, freedom, liberation. daughter: (n) child, son, maiden, wooly, fuzzy. hedge: (v) fudge, dodge, elude, evade, young woman, daughterly, lass,

skirt, duck, avoid, circumvent, equivocate; (n) barrier, hedging. ANTONYM: (v) confront. pack: (n, v) crowd, bundle, bunch, load; (n) herd, company, bevy, batch; (v) heap, compress, jam. ANTONYMS: (v) unpack, unload, disperse, empty, loosen. travel: (adj, n, v) go, pass, run; (adj, v) proceed; (v) roam, move, ride, sail; (n) stroke, tour; (n, v) voyage. ANTONYMS: (v) remain, settle.

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No question of that; for I have seen him whipped three market-days together.% CADE. I fear neither sword nor fire. SMITH. [Aside.] He need not fear the sword, for his coat is of proof. DICK. [Aside.] But methinks he should stand in fear of fire, being burnt i' the hand for stealing of sheep. CADE. Be brave, then; for your captain is brave, and vows reformation. There shall be in England seven halfpenny loaves sold for a penny; the three-hooped pot shall have ten hoops; and I will make it felony to drink small beer. All the realm shall be in common; and in Cheapside shall my palfry go to grass; and when I am king, as king I will be,-ALL. God save your majesty! CADE. I thank you, good people;--there shall be no money; all shall eat and drink on my score, and I will apparel them all in one livery, that they may agree like brothers and worship me their lord. DICK. The first thing we do, let's kill all the lawyers. CADE. Nay, that I mean to do. Is not this a lamentable thing, that of the skin of an innocent lamb should be made parchment, that parchment, being scribbl'd o'er, should undo a man? Some say the bee stings; but I say 't is the bee's wax,

Thesaurus apparel: (n, v) garb, attire, garment, array, vesture; (n) clothing, finery, costume, clothes; (v) adorn, clothe. burnt: (adj) adust, heated, baked, torrid, sunburnt, seared, scorched, well done, tempered, overdone, combust. ANTONYMS: (adj) underdone, unburned, wet. felony: (n) burglary, sin, extortion, capture, bribery, delinquency, misdeed, fault, misdemeanor, misdemeanour, offence. ANTONYM:

(n) uprightness. halfpenny: (adj) feather, bulrush, old son, jot, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, rap; (n) bawbee, doit, farthing. hoops: (n) basketball game, earrings, studs, jewelry, basketball. lamentable: (adj) grievous, pitiful, distressing, sad, dismal, sorrowful, piteous, unfortunate, lugubrious; (adj, v) pitiable, mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj) laudable, fortunate. livery: (adj) liverish, bilious; (n)

clothing, accouterment, uniform, complexion, legal transfer, color, hue, dye, bailment. parchment: (n) vellum, sheepskin, lambskin, diploma, testament, will; (v) foolscap, tablet, table, slate, pillar. reformation: (n) correction, amendment, improvement, redress, reclamation, rectification, conversion, innovation, repair, renewal, reassembly. stings: (adj) stung.

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for I did but seal once to a thing, and I was never mine own man since.--How now! who's there? [Enter some, bringing in the CLERK OF CHATHAM.] SMITH. The clerk of Chatham; he can write and read and cast accompt.% CADE. O monstrous! SMITH. We took him setting of boys' copies. CADE. Here's a villain! SMITH. Has a book in his pocket with red letters in 't. CADE. Nay, then, he is a conjurer. DICK. Nay, he can make obligations and write court-hand. CADE. I am sorry for 't. The man is a proper man, of mine honour; unless I find him guilty, he shall not die.--Come hither, sirrah, I must examine thee; what is thy name? CLERK. Emmanuel. DICK. They use to write it on the top of letters.--'Twill go hard with you. CADE. Let me alone.--Dost thou use to write thy name? or hast thou a mark to thyself, like a honest, plain-dealing man?

Thesaurus cast: (n, v) throw, stamp, form, fling, shape, figure; (v) shed, pitch, chuck; (n) casting, appearance. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, receive, subtract, reject, take, gather, catch, retain, keep. conjurer: (n) performer, illusionist, conjuror, wizard, juggler, prestidigitator, sorcerer, conjure man, necromancer, enchanter, pythonist. examine: (v) assay, audit, overhaul, try, consider, control, check, search,

survey, ask, ascertain. ANTONYMS: hole, hollow; (adj) digest. (v) reply, skim, glance. ANTONYM: (v) return. honest: (adj) fair, genuine, sincere, seal: (n, v) stamp; (v) plug, bar, caulk, stop, shut; (n) cachet, hallmark, good, equitable, artless, heartfelt, imprint, signet; (adj) conclude. guileless, frank, forthright, faithful. ANTONYMS: (adj) lying, misleading, ANTONYMS: (n, v) open; (v) unseal. setting: (n) scene, scenery, adjustment, guarded, corrupt, disloyal, unwholesome, discourteous, position, background, mount, disreputable, fictional, crafty, backdrop, environment, scope, crooked. mounting, set. pocket: (v) take, appropriate, steal, lift, catch; (n, v) sack, pouch; (n) cavity,

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CLERK. Sir, I thank God, I have been so well brought up that I can write my name.% ALL. He hath confess'd; away with him! he's a villain and a traitor. CADE. Away with him, I say! hang him with his pen and inkhorn about his neck. [Exit one with the CLERK.] [Enter MICHAEL.] MICHAEL. Where's our general? CADE. Here I am, thou particular fellow. MICHAEL. Fly, fly, fly! Sir Humphrey Stafford and his brother are hard by, with the king's forces. CADE. Stand, villain, stand, or I'll fell thee down. He shall be encountered with a man as good as himself; he is but a knight, is a'? MICHAEL. No. CADE. To equal him, I will make myself a knight presently.--[Kneels.] Rise up Sir John Mortimer.--[Rises.] Now have at him! [Enter SIR HUMPHREY STAFFORD and his Brother, with drum and soldiers.] STAFFORD. Rebellious hinds, the filth and scum of Kent, Mark'd for the gallows, lay your weapons down;

Thesaurus drum: (adj, n) barrel; (n) cask, tympan, squalor, uncleanliness; (adj) impure. constriction. ANTONYMS: (n) cleanliness, luxury, scum: (n) foam, froth, dross, refuse, cylinder, timbrel, tambour, tambourine; (v) beat, roll, bone up, loveliness. dregs, trash, lather, film, recrement, gallows: (n) gibbet, gallous, gallowsram. ragtag, spume. fellow: (adj, n) comrade, associate; (n) bitts, hanging, noose, scaffold, halter, stand: (v) endure, undergo; (n) rack, booth, attitude, base, pedestal; (n, v) boy, equal, brother, peer, chap, tree, rope, gallowstree, bough. colleague, compeer, buddy; (adj, n, v) knight: (n) horseman, horse, chevalier, live, position; (adj, v) suffer, tolerate. concomitant. ANTONYMS: (n) banneret, warrior, steed, knighthood, ANTONYMS: (v) sit, lie, yield, forbid; rider, heroin, h; (v) dub. (n) top. female, woman, girl, foe, enemy, neck: (n) cervix, nape, neckband, weapons: (n) weaponry, weapon, antagonist, competitor. filth: (n) grime, garbage, foulness, neckline, isthmus; (v) make out, pet, ordnance, munitions, defense, guns, love, cut; (adj) stricture, middle impurity, soil, blot, stain, nastiness, armaments, artillery.

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Home to your cottages, forsake this groom. The king is merciful, if you revolt.% BROTHER. But angry, wrathful, and inclin'd to blood, If you go forward; therefore yield, or die. CADE. As for these silken-coated slaves, I pass not; It is to you, good people, that I speak, OVer whom, in time to come, I hope to reign, For I am rightful heir unto the crown. STAFFORD. Villain, thy father was a plasterer; And thou thyself a shearman, art thou not? CADE. And Adam was a gardener. BROTHER. And what of that? CADE. Marry, this: Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, Married the Duke of Clarence' daughter, did he not? STAFFORD. Ay, sir. CADE. By her he had two children at one birth. BROTHER. That's false. CADE. Ay, there's the question; but I say 't is true. The elder of them, being put to nurse,

Thesaurus angry: (adj) anger, furious, provoked, passing, end, decease, conclusion, incensed, vehement, fierce, irate, demise. forsake: (v) abandon, ditch, relinquish, raging, maddened, shirty, indignation. ANTONYMS: (adj) abdicate, fail, leave, forgo, chuck, disclaim; (n, v) drop; (adj, v) quit. pleased, gentle, joyful, content, ANTONYM: (v) support. euphoric, mild, happy, resigned, gardener: (n) horticulturist, farmer, joyous, gleeful, quiet. birth: (n) beginning, genesis, ancestry, florist, employee, hedger, descent, extraction, start, onset, husbandman, transplanter. parentage, origin; (v) delivery; (n, v) merciful: (adj) humane, gracious, parturition. ANTONYMS: (n) death, lenient, compassionate, kind, bereavement, ending, finale, finish, clement, benign, kindly, gentle,

beneficent, forgiving. ANTONYMS: (adj) pitiless, merciless, unforgiving, spiteful, harsh, impatient, severe, hardhearted. slaves: (n) helotry, bondsmen. yield: (n, v) produce, return, allow, give; (v) surrender, concede, submit, give up, grant, cede; (n) output. ANTONYMS: (v) persevere, survive, stand, withstand, repel, reject, prevent, withhold, acquire, oppose, veto.

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Was by a beggar-woman stolen away, And, ignorant of his birth and parentage, Became a bricklayer when he came to age. His son am I; deny it, if you can.% DICK. Nay, 't is too true; therefore he shall be king. SMITH. Sir, he made a chimney in my father's house, and the bricks are alive at this day to testify it; therefore deny it not. STAFFORD. And will you credit this base drudge's words, That speaks he knows not what? ALL. Ay, marry, will we; therefore get ye gone. BROTHER. Jack Cade, the Duke of York hath taught you this. CADE. [Aside.] He lies, for I invented it myself.--Go to, sirrah, tell the king from me that, for his father's sake, Henry the Fifth, in whose time boys went to span-counter for French crowns, I am content he shall reign; but I'll be protector over him. DICK. And furthermore, we'll have the Lord Say's head for selling the dukedom of Maine. CADE. And good reason; for thereby is England mained, and fain to go with a staff, but that my puissance holds it up. Fellow kings, I tell you that that Lord Say hath gelded the commonwealth and made it an eunuch; and more than that, he can speak French, and therefore he is a traitor.

Thesaurus bricks: (n) walk, highway. adult male. legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous, chimney: (n) fireplace, smokestack, gelded: (adj) emasculated, cut, ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj) shaft, flue, hearth, vent, lamp castrated, cut down, gashed, down. genuine, factual, true, actual. ignorant: (adj) unconscious, unwitting, puissance: (n) power, might, potency, chimney, chimneys, nostril, throat, weasand. rude, illiterate, uneducated, blind, vigor, energy, strength, vigour, commonwealth: (n) nation, state, dull, unaware, uninformed, authority, brawniness, lustiness, country, body politic, province, unlearned, innocent. ANTONYMS: hardness. (adj) conscious, versed, cultured, testify: (v) declare, certify, affirm, society, kingdom, community, land, republic, power. educated, informed, wary, literate, evidence, protest, prove, dukedom: (n) land, rank, principality, aware, polite. demonstrate, manifest, express, invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated, domain, demesne. show, vouch. eunuch: (n) eunuchate, gelding, man, imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical,

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STAFFORD. O gross and miserable ignorance! CADE. Nay, answer if you can: the Frenchmen are our enemies; go to, then, I ask but this: can he that speaks with the tongue of an enemy be a good counsellor, or no? ALL. No, no; and therefore we'll have his head.% BROTHER. Well, seeing gentle words will not prevail, Assail them with the army of the king. STAFFORD. Herald, away; and throughout every town Proclaim them traitors that are up with Cade; That those which fly before the battle ends May, even in their wives' and children's sight, Be hang'd up for example at their doors.-And you that be the king's friends, follow me. [Exeunt the two STAFFORDS, and soldiers.] CADE. And you that love the commons follow me. Now show yourselves men; 't is for liberty. We will not leave one lord, one gentleman; Spare none but such as go in clouted shoon, For they are thrifty honest men and such As would, but that they dare not, take our parts. DICK. They are all in order and march toward us.

Thesaurus counsellor: (n) counselor, advocate, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, small, saving, spare, parsimonious, chary, scotch. ANTONYMS: (adj) wasteful, adviser, councillor, advisor, mentor, remaining, refined, tiny, partial, pleader, attorney, lawyer, consultant, delicate, cultivated, chaste, sensitive; spendthrift, profligate, extravagant, (v) lose. solicitor. generous. dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave, ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience, toward: (prep) to, towards, hazard, confront, risk, resist, make folly, unwisdom, innocence, approaching, headed for, just before, bold; (n) adventure, daring, defiance. denseness, ignorancy, stupidity, of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on; ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, flee, pass, (adv) about, around, by. obtuseness, tabula rasa, unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away. refrain, retreat, obey. gross: (adj) coarse, boorish, big, crude, intelligence, acquaintance, education. wives: (n) woman. thrifty: (adj) careful, economical, yourselves: (pron) themselves, myself, fat, common, blunt, disgusting, bulky; (n) aggregate; (adj, v) foul. provident, sparing, prudent, stingy, herself.

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CADE. But then are we in order when we are most out of order.--Come, march forward.% [Exeunt.] SCENE III. ANOTHER PART OF BLACKHEATH. [Alarums to the fight, wherein both the STAFFORDS are slain. Enter CADE and the rest.] CADE. Where's Dick, the butcher of Ashford? DICK. Here, sir. CADE. They fell before thee like sheep and oxen, and thou behavedst thyself as if thou hadst been in thine own slaughter-house; therefore thus will I reward thee: the Lent shall be as long again as it is, and thou shalt have a licence to kill for a hundred lacking one. DICK. I desire no more. CADE. And, to speak truth, thou deservest no less. This monument of the victory will I bear [putting on Sir Humphrey's brigandine]; and the bodies shall be dragged at my horse heels till I do come to London, where we will have the mayor's sword borne before us. DICK. If we mean to thrive and do good, break open the gaols and let out the prisoners. CADE. Fear not that, I warrant thee. Come, let's march towards London.

Thesaurus bodies: (n) people, public. oxen: (n) bull, ox, cows, cow, cattle, capable, adequate, perfect, present, borne: (adj) weak, wanting, spoony, complete, privileged; (prep) with, Bos Taurus, bullock, kine, milker, soft, sappy, shallow, little, limited. including. beef, dairy cow. dragged: (adj) depressed, dejected, licence: (n) authorisation, authority, sheep: (n) goat, ram, tup, ewe, cattle, approval, liberty, authorization; (n, v) follower, Bovidae, stock, simple, upset, unhappy, spent, dispirited, somber, melancholy, gloomy, joyless, license; (v) certify, authorise, simpleton, family Bovidae. warrant: (n, v) permit, vouch, license, low. authorize, accredit, approve. lacking: (adj) incomplete, inadequate, ANTONYM: (v) decertify. assure, sanction, empower; (n) monument: (n) headstone, cenotaph, authority, authorization, security; (v) defective, absent, short, wanting, justify, ensure. ANTONYMS: (n) destitute, empty, devoid, insufficient; tombstone, tablet, shrine, slab, (adj, prep) without. ANTONYMS: gravestone, landmark, statue; (adj, n) break; (v) debar. (adj) full, plentiful, burdened, column; (n, v) record.

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[Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. LONDON. THE PALACE.% [Enter the KING with a supplication, and the QUEEN with SUFFOLK'S head, the DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM and the LORD SAY.] QUEEN. Oft have I heard that grief softens the mind And makes it fearful and degenerate; Think therefore on revenge and cease to weep. But who can cease to weep and look on this? Here may his head lie on my throbbing breast; But where's the body that I should embrace? BUCKINGHAM. What answer makes your grace to the rebels' supplication? KING. I'll send some holy bishop to entreat; For God forbid so many simple souls Should perish by the sword! And I myself, Rather than bloody war shall cut them short, Will parley with Jack Cade their general.-But stay, I'll read it over once again. QUEEN. Ah, barbarous villains! hath this lovely face Rul'd, like a wandering planet, over me, And could it not enforce them to relent That were unworthy to behold the same?

Thesaurus cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, out, implement, impose, execute, orison, blessing, imploration. apply, drive, dispense, effect; (n, v) throbbing: (adj, n) beating; (n) terminate, break, break off, close, force. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, conclude, discontinue, abstain. pounding, pulsation, pulse, ache, ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, palpitation, sting; (adj) painful, relax, neglect, forget, exempt, commence, persist, stay. disregard, abandon. pulsatile, palpitating, palpitant. embrace: (v) comprise, adopt, parley: (v) negotiate, converse, confer, ANTONYM: (n) pleasure. consult; (n, v) talk, treat; (n) wandering: (adj) itinerant, nomadic, comprehend, contain, admit, espouse, include; (n, v) clasp, hug, conversation, interview, colloquy, erratic, rambling, errant, migratory; grip, bosom. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, meeting, consultation. (adj, v) stray, vagrant, vagabond, supplication: (n, v) entreaty, unsettled; (n) peregrination. exclude, spurn, shun, renounce, solicitation; (n) petition, invocation, ANTONYM: (adj) resident. release, loose, disbelieve. enforce: (v) compel, constrain, carry appeal, request, rogation, plea,

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KING. Lord Say, Jack Cade hath sworn to have thy head.% SAY. Ay, but I hope your highness shall have his. KING. How now, madam! Still lamenting and mourning for Suffolk's death? I fear me, love, if that I had been dead, Thou wouldst not have mourn'd so much for me. QUEEN. No, my love, I should not mourn, but die for thee. [Enter a MESSENGER.] KING. How now! what news? why com'st thou in such haste? MESSENGER. The rebels are in Southwark; fly, my lord! Jack Cade proclaims himself Lord Mortimer, Descended from the Duke of Clarence' house, And calls your grace usurper openly, And vows to crown himself in Westminster. His army is a ragged multitude Of hinds and peasants, rude and merciless; Sir Humphrey Stafford and his brother's death Hath given them heart and courage to proceed. All scholars, lawyers, courtiers, gentlemen, They call false caterpillars, and intend their death. KING. O graceless men! they know not what they do.

Thesaurus calls: (n) securities, puts, bonds, preferred stock, common stock. courage: (n) audacity, fortitude, boldness, nerve, spirit, backbone, valor, heroism, gallantry, mettle, chivalry. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, faintheartedness, weakness, wimpiness, yellowness. graceless: (adj) inelegant, clumsy, godless, depraved, gauche, abandoned, ungracious, dissolute, ungraceful, rude, barbaric.

ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt, suave, elegant. discourteous, impolite, brutal, crude, lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj, refined, courteous, chivalrous, civil, v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v) proper, decent, exact, clean, gentle, complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v) inoffensive. sworn: (adj) extreme, mortal, dissatisfied. mourning: (n) lament, lamentation, implacable, engaged, dedicated, bereavement, gloom, woe, memorial, committed, betrothed, bespoken, sorrowfulness, sadness, sorrow; (adj) affianced, inveterate. grieving; (v) lamenting. rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent, coarse,

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BUCKINGHAM. My gracious lord, retire to Killingworth Until a power be rais'd to put them down.% QUEEN. Ah, were the Duke of Suffolk now alive, These Kentish rebels would be soon appeas'd! KING. Lord Say, the traitors hate thee; Therefore away with us to Killingworth. SAY. So might your grace's person be in danger. The sight of me is odious in their eyes; And therefore in this city will I stay And live alone as secret as I may. [Enter another MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. Jack Cade hath gotten London bridge; The citizens fly and forsake their houses. The rascal people, thirsting after prey, Join with the traitor, and they jointly swear To spoil the city and your royal court. BUCKINGHAM. Then linger not, my lord; away, take horse. KING. Come Margaret; God, our hope, will succour us. QUEEN. My hope is gone, now Suffolk is deceas'd. KING. Farewell, my lord; trust not the Kentish rebels.

Thesaurus gotten: (v) receive, seize, get, acquire. odious: (adj, v) hateful, obnoxious; injure, harm, indulge. ANTONYMS: jointly: (adv) conjointly, collectively, (adj) detestable, hideous, nasty, (v) improve, conserve, enliven, help, unitedly, mutually, together, execrable, disgusting, abhorrent, abuse, beautify, deny, neglect, communally, combinedly, abominable, heinous, forbidding. correct, respect, clean. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, succour: (n, v) succor; (n) consolation, cooperatively, reciprocally, commonly, in agreement. delightful, agreeable, lovable, nice. relief, ministration, mercy, assistance, ANTONYM: (adv) individually. retire: (v) resign, retreat, withdraw, helping, ease, embossment; (v) linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover, leave, abdicate, ebb, depart, turn in, relieve, further. thirsting: (adj) dry, parched, stay, hesitate, hang around, fall back, hit the hay, go to bed. procrastinate, dawdle, tarry, saunter. ANTONYMS: (v) remain, enter. dehydrated. ANTONYMS: (v) hurry, end, rush, spoil: (n, v) ruin; (v) rot, corrupt, mar, deface, sack; (adj, v) impair, damage, depart, lead.

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BUCKINGHAM. Trust nobody, for fear you be betray'd.% SAY. The trust I have is in mine innocence, And therefore am I bold and resolute. [Exeunt.]

SCENE V. LONDON. THE TOWER. [Enter LORD SCALES upon the Tower, walking. Then enter two or three CITIZENS, below.] SCALES. How now! Is Jack Cade slain? FIRST CITIZEN. No, my lord, nor likely to be slain; for they have won the bridge, killing all those that withstand them. The lord mayor craves aid of your honour from the Tower to defend the city from the rebels. SCALES. Such aid as I can spare you shall command, But I am troubled here with them myself; The rebels have assay'd to win the Tower. But get you to Smithfield and gather head, And thither I will send you Matthew Goffe. Fight for your king, your country, and your lives; And so, farewell, for I must hence again. [Exeunt.]

SCENE VI. LONDON. CANNON STREET.

Thesaurus bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious, ignorance, ingenuousness, purity, uneasy, uncomfortable, disconcerted, manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless, gullibility, artlessness, innocent, upset, apprehensive, restless. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconcerned, spirited, heroic, daring, courageous, simplicity, harmlessness, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid, guiltlessness. ANTONYMS: (n) composed, calm, easy, relaxed, modest, afraid, meek, shy, light, sophistication, experience, fault, tranquil, assured, carefree, brave, courteous, discreet, faint, fearful, dirtiness, wariness, dishonesty. stable, unaffected. thither: (adv) hither, whither, on that withstand: (v) stand, bear, survive, abashed. cannon: (n) clash, carom, gun, shank, point, in that respect, at that place, in defy, weather, sustain, brave, suffer; that location; (adj) further, ulterior, (n, v) resist, oppose, confront. basilisk, gun of position, carambole, ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, carronade, culverin, field piece, remoter, succeeding, more distant. troubled: (adj, v) concerned, solicitous; succumb. howitzer. innocence: (n) blamelessness, chastity, (adj) distressed, anxious, worried,

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[Enter JACK CADE and the rest, and strikes his staff on London-stone.] CADE. Now is Mortimer lord of this city. And here, sitting upon London-stone, I charge and command that, of the city's cost, the conduit run nothing but claret wine this first year of our reign. And now henceforward it shall be treason for any that calls me other than Lord Mortimer.% [Enter a SOLDIER, running.] SOLDIER. Jack Cade! Jack Cade! CADE. Knock him down there. [They kill him.] SMITH. If this fellow be wise, he'll never call ye Jack Cade more; I think he hath a very fair warning. DICK. My lord, there's an army gathered together in Smithfield. CADE. Come then, let's go fight with them. But first, go and set London bridge on fire; and, if you can, burn down the Tower too. Come, let's away. [Exeunt.]

SCENE VII. LONDON. SMITHFIELD. [Alarums. MATTHEW GOFFE is slain, and all the rest. Then enter JACK CADE, with his company.]

Thesaurus burn: (adj, v) glow; (n, v) bite, fire, sunburn; (v) sting, scorch, incinerate, blaze, flare, ignite, cremate. ANTONYMS: (v) smother, give, subdue, help, quench, repay, stifle, extinguish, wet. claret: (v) cider, Brazil tea, ice water; (n) blood, red wine, Bordeaux, red; (adj) dark red, burgundy, cherry, crimson. conduit: (n) canal, channel, aqueduct, tube, duct, watercourse, drain, vas,

culvert, dike, ditch. gathered: (adj) deepened, congregated, accumulated, amassed, assembled, concentrated, equanimous, congregate, collective. henceforward: (adv) in future, from now on, from this time on, from this moment on, after this. jack: (n) flag, jackass, mariner, fellow, jackfruit, sailor, jackscrew, socket, blue Peter, amberfish, crevalle jack. treason: (n) treachery, perfidy, high

treason, sabotage, lese majesty, traitorousness, subversiveness, duplicity; (adj, n) disloyalty, sedition, prodition. ANTONYMS: (n) loyalty, faithfulness, fidelity. wise: (adj) reasonable, sensible, sound, rational, sagacious, intelligent, prudent, shrewd, discreet; (adj, n) knowing; (n) method. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwise, stupid, ignorant, mistaken, illogical, reckless, naive, irrational, dense.

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CADE. So, sirs.--Now go some and pull down the Savoy; others to the inns of court; down with them all.% DICK. I have a suit unto your lordship. CADE. Be it a lordship, thou shalt have it for that word. DICK. Only that the laws of England may come out of your mouth. HOLLAND. [Aside.] Mass, 't will be sore law, then; for he was thrust in the mouth with a spear, and 't is not whole yet. SMITH. [Aside.] Nay, John, it will be stinking law, for his breath stinks with eating toasted cheese. CADE. I have thought upon it, it shall be so. Away, burn all the records of the realm. My mouth shall be the parliament of England. HOLLAND. [Aside.] Then we are like to have biting statutes, unless his teeth be pulled out. CADE. And henceforward all things shall be in common. [Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My lord, a prize, a prize! here's the Lord Say, which sold the towns in France;

Thesaurus biting: (adj, v) acute, acrid, sarcastic, browsing, banqueting, food, fetid, foul, smelly, loathsome, sharp, acrimonious, pungent, severe, lunching, supping, pica, repletion; (v) noisome, odorous, disgusting, funky, cutting; (adj) acid, bitter, barbed. lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) fragrant, eat. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, blunt, kind, sore: (adj, n, v) hurt; (adj) sensitive, clean, fresh. angry, grievous, raw; (n) injury, teeth: (v) mortar and pestle, gristmill, bland, nice, soothing, sweet, hot, lesion, cut, boil; (v) acute; (adj, v) complimentary, faint, sympathetic. nutmeg grater, grater, file, arrastra, cheese: (n) cheddar, cottage cheese, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, rasp, mill, unguis, tentacle; (n) gear blue cheese, brick cheese, Brie, healthy, pleased, comfortable. teeth. spear: (n) harpoon, lance, pike, fizgig, thrust: (n, v) poke, stab, jab, drive, Camembert, Cheddar cheese, prick, gig, javelin, shaft, halberd; (v) cheeseflower, bleu, Edam, shove, force, punch, boost, cast, dig; (v) ram. ANTONYM: (n) inertia. exaggeration. stab, spike. eating: (n) ingestion, intake, feeding, stinking: (adj) malodorous, putrid, toasted: (adj) heated.

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he that made us pay one and twenty fifteens, and one shilling to the pound, the last subsidy.% [Enter GEOGE BEVIS, with the LORD SAY.] CADE. Well, he shall be beheaded for it ten times.--Ah, thou say, thou serge, nay, thou buckram lord! now art thou within point- blank of our jurisdiction regal. What canst thou answer to my majesty for giving up of Normandy unto Mounsieur Basimecu, the dauphin of France? Be it known unto thee by these presence, even the presence of Lord Mortimer, that I am the besom that must sweep the court clean of such filth as thou art. Thou hast most traitorously corrupted the youth of the realm in erecting a grammar school; and whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be used, and, contrary to the king, his crown, and dignity, thou hast built a paper-mill. It will be proved to thy face that thou hast men about thee that usually talk of a noun and a verb, and such abominable words as no Christian ear can endure to hear. Thou hast appointed justices of peace, to call poor men before them about matters they were not able to answer. Moreover, thou hast put them in prison, and because they could not read, thou hast hanged them; when, indeed, only for that cause they have been most worthy to live. Thou dost ride in a foot-cloth, dost thou not? SAY. What of that? CADE. Marry, thou oughtest not to let thy horse wear a cloak when honester men than thou go in their hose and doublets. DICK. And work in their shirt too; as myself, for example, that am a butcher. SAY. You men of Kent,--

Thesaurus abominable: (adj, v) odious, foul; (adj) abhorrent, detestable, dreadful, awful, execrable, terrible, loathsome, cursed, wicked. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, lovable, admirable, alluring, appealing, commendable, laudable, delightful, desirable, enjoyable, likable. beheaded: (adj) headless. besom: (n, v) broom; (n) brush; (v) sieve, screen, shovel, rake, filter, mop, riddle.

buckram: (adj) stiff, starchy, besotted, trunk hose; (v) water, cheat; (n, v) formal, blotto, blind drunk; (v) wash. formality, stiffness, stiffen; (n) fabric, regal: (adj) noble, imperial, grand, cloth. purple, royal, dignified, kingly, dauphin: (n) crown prince. August, imposing, stately, doublets: (n) span, dyad. magnificent. ANTONYMS: (adj) erecting: (n) construction, building, undignified, modest, poor. serge: (n) cloth, fabric, material. erection. forefathers: (n) patriarchs, forefather, tally: (n, v) count, check, score, sum; (v) agree, number, suit, fit, match, ancestor, colony, lineage, family. hose: (n) stocking, pipe, tights, accord, jibe. ANTONYMS: (v) hosepipe, hosiery, fire hose, airline, disagree, conflict, differ.

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DICK. What say you of Kent? SAY. Nothing but this; 't is 'bona terra, mala gens.' CADE. Away with him, away with him! he speaks Latin.% SAY. Hear me but speak, and bear me where you will. Kent, in the Commentaries Caesar writ, Is term'd the civil'st place of all this isle. Sweet is the country, because full of riches; The people liberal, valiant, active, wealthy; Which makes me hope you are not void of pity. I sold not Maine, I lost not Normandy, Yet, to recover them, would lose my life. Justice with favour have I always done; Prayers and tears have mov'd me, gifts could never. When have I aught exacted at your hands But to maintain the king, the realm, and you? Large gifts have I bestow'd on learned clerks, Because my book preferr'd me to the king; And seeing ignorance is the curse of God, Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven, Unless you be possess'd with devilish spirits, You cannot but forbear to murther me. This tongue hath parley'd unto foreign kings For your behoof,-CADE. Tut, when struck'st thou one blow in the field?

Thesaurus aught: (n) nil, zero, anything, ought, void: (adj, n) hollow, null, blank; (n) munificence, bounty. ANTONYM: emptiness, vacancy; (adj, v) vacant; cypher, nix, cipher, naught, null, zip; (n) meanness. (adj) any. mala: (n) cheekbone, bucca, malar (v) nullify, quash, rescind; (adj) curse: (n, v) blight, plague; (n) invalid, vacuous. ANTONYMS: (v) bone, os zygomaticum, zygomatic anathema, blasphemy, malediction, bone, bone. validate, sanction, permit, keep, denunciation; (adj, v) beshrew; (v) recover: (v) reclaim, get back, allow; (adj) full, occupied, filled, meaningful, solid; (n) fullness. swear, ban, damn, vituperate. recuperate, retrieve, regain, pick up, ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, wherewith: (adv) therewith, herewith. get well, restore, heal, convalesce, benediction, making; (v) mend. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, die, wing: (n) pinion, limb, arm, fender, communicate. decline, aggravate, abandon, worsen, flank, pennon, Ala, extension, gifts: (n) money, generosity, feather; (v) fly, soar. ANTONYM: (n) scatter. terra: (n) mother Earth, terra firma. contributions, charity, caliber, aid, headquarters.

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SAY. Great men have reaching hands; oft have I struck Those that I never saw, and struck them dead.% GEORGE. O monstrous coward! what, to come behind folks? SAY. These cheeks are pale for watching for your good. CADE. Give him a box o' the ear, and that will make 'em red again. SAY. Long sitting to determine poor men's causes Hath made me full of sickness and diseases. CADE. Ye shall have a hempen caudle then, and the help of hatchet. DICK. Why dost thou quiver, man? SAY. The palsy, and not fear, provokes me. CADE. Nay, he nods at us, as who should say, I'll be even with you. I'll see if his head will stand steadier on a pole or no. Take him away, and behead him. SAY. Tell me wherein have I offended most? Have I affected wealth or honour? speak. Are my chests fill'd up with extorted gold? Is my apparel sumptuous to behold? Whom have I injur'd, that ye seek my death? These hands are free from guiltless bloodshedding, This breast from harbouring foul deceitful thoughts. O, let me live!

Thesaurus behead: (v) decollate, guillotine, cut, household, house, relatives, relative, palsy: (v) cripple, paralyze; (n) electrocute, bowstring, decapitation, kindred, lineage, kin. anaesthesia, apoplexy, akinesia, head, kill, execute, murder, unhead. hatchet: (n) tomahawk, chopper, adze, alalia, paralyzation, numbness; (adj) deceitful: (adj) false, fraudulent, winter virgin, weapon; (v) cut, hack, decline, consumption, sideration. quiver: (adj, n, v) shudder, shiver, insincere, crooked, dishonest, untrue, hew; (adj) pickax, mattock, pick. tremble, shake; (v) flicker, flutter, sly, artful, untrustworthy, unreliable, hempen: (adj) Hempen collar, tough, treacherous. ANTONYMS: (adj) vibrate; (n, v) palpitate, quaver; (n) cannabine. offended: (adj) angry, affronted, straightforward, genuine, vibration, tremor. sickness: (n, v) disease, indisposition, trustworthy, truthful, loyal, open, aggrieved, pained, wronged, principled, straight, upright, faithful, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, malady, disorder, distemper, ailment; resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: (adj) (n) complaint, qualm, nausea, dependable. folks: (n) people, folk, tribe, relations, indifferent, proud, unconcerned. disgust, queasiness.

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CADE. [Aside.] I feel remorse in myself with his words, but I'll bridle it; he shall die, an it be but for pleading so well for his life.-- Away with him! he has a familiar under his tongue; he speaks not o' God's name. Go, take him away, I say, and strike off his head presently; and then break into his son-in-law's house, Sir James Cromer, and strike off his head, and bring them both upon two poles hither.% ALL. It shall be done. SAY. Ah, countrymen! if when you make your prayers, God should be so obdurate as yourselves, How would it fare with your departed souls? And therefore yet relent, and save my life. CADE. Away with him! and do as I command ye.-[Exeunt some with LORD SAY.] The proudest peer in the realm shall not wear a head on his shoulders unless he pay me tribute; there shall not a maid be married but she shall pay to me her maidenhead ere they have it. Men shall hold of me in capite; and we charge and command that their wives be as free as heart can wish or tongue can tell. DICK. My lord, when shall we go to Cheapside, and take up commodities upon our bills? CADE. Marry, presently. ALL. O, brave! [Re-enter one with the heads.]

Thesaurus bills: (n) currency, folding money. maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass, irresolute, soft, acquiescent. commodities: (n) goods, merchandise, lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin, pleading: (adj) importunate, products, good, commodity, maiden, housemaid, handmaid. imploring, beseeching, appealing, property, cargo, wares, chattels; (adj) maidenhead: (n) maidenhood, suppliant; (n) defense, replication, ware, cautious. mucosa, virginity, purity, virginal demurrer, defence, advocacy, departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late, membrane. argument. obdurate: (adj) inflexible, stony, relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften, former, bypast, defunct, past, left; (adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent. obstinate, callous, firm, stubborn, moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax, ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive. capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS: headstrong, flinty, mulish, fare: (n, v) do; (n) food, aliment, board, impenitent, rigid. ANTONYMS: (adj) (v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand. table, charge, chow, menu, traveller; compliant, amenable, (v) come, eat. ANTONYM: (v) stop. accommodating, easygoing, caring,

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CADE. But is not this braver? Let them kiss one another, for they loved well when they were alive. Now part them again, lest they consult about the giving up of some more towns in France.--Soldiers, defer the spoil of the city until night; for with these borne before us, instead of maces will we ride through the streets, and at every corner have them kiss.--Away! [Exeunt.]

SCENE VIII. SOUTHWARK.% [Alarum and retreat. Enter CADE and all his rabblement.] CADE. Up Fish Street! down Saint Magnus' Corner! kill and knock down! Throw them into Thames! [Sound a parley.] What noise is this I hear? Dare any be so bold to sound retreat or parley when I command them kill? [Enter BUCKINGHAM and old CLIFFORD, attended.] BUCKINGHAM. Ay, here they be that dare and will disturb thee. Know, Cade, we come ambassadors from the king Unto the commons whom thou hast misled, And here pronounce free pardon to them all That will forsake thee and go home in peace. CLIFFORD. What say ye, countrymen? will ye relent And yield to mercy whilst 't is offer'd you, Or let a rebel lead you to your deaths? Who loves the king and will embrace his pardon, Fling up his cap, and say 'God save his Majesty!'

Thesaurus ambassadors: (n) ambassador. disconcert, distress, perturb, disquiet, affirm, say, assert, express, vocalize, consult: (v) consider, negotiate, proclaim; (n, v) allege; (adj, v) deliver, distract, discompose, disrupt, upset, utter. ANTONYM: (v) mumble. deliberate, advise, refer, discuss, ask, concern. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, reason, look up, canvass; (n, v) talk. retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart; (n) please, soothe, smooth, order, ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, bypass. reassure, sort, settle, respect, quiet, refuge, departure, asylum, den, lair, defer: (v) adjourn, postpone, comply, retirement; (n, v) resort, return. organize. ANTONYMS: (n) raid, development, procrastinate, bow, suspend, retard, knock: (n, v) hit, blow, bang, bump, accede, protract; (adj, v) put off; (n, v) tap, strike, whack, bash, punch, cuff; extension, arrival, company; (v) delay. ANTONYMS: (v) advance, (n) crash. ANTONYMS: (n) progress, remain. improvement, boost; (v) encourage, ride: (n, v) outing; (adj, v) bestride; (n) rush, hurry, hasten, forge, disagree, run, lift, jaunt; (v) mount, bait, float, expedite, continue, resist. bolster, approve. disturb: (v) trouble, disorder, pronounce: (v) articulate, declare, rag, tease, harass.

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Who hateth him and honours not his father, Henry the Fifth, that made all France to quake, Shake he his weapon at us and pass by.% ALL. God save the king! God save the king! CADE. What, Buckingham and Clifford, are ye so brave?-- And you, base peasants, do ye believe him? will you needs be hang'd with your about your necks? Hath my sword therefore broke through London gates, that you should leave me at the White Hart in Southwark? I thought ye would never have given out these arms till you had recovered your ancient freedom; but you are all recreants and dastards, and delight to live in slavery to the nobility. Let them break your backs with burthens, take your houses over your heads, ravish your wives and daughters before your faces. For me, I will make shift for one; and so, God's curse light upon you all! ALL. We'll follow Cade, we'll follow Cade! CLIFFORD. Is Cade the son of Henry the Fifth, That thus you do exclaim you'll go with him? Will he conduct you through the heart of France, And make the meanest of you earls and dukes? Alas, he hath no home, no place to fly to; Nor knows he how to live but by the spoil, Unless by robbing of your friends and us. Were 't not a shame that whilst you live at jar The fearful French, whom you late vanquished, Should make a start o'er seas and vanquish you? Methinks already in this civil broil I see them lording it in London streets, Crying 'Villiaco!' unto all they meet.

Thesaurus delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement, academic degree. vanquish: (v) overcome, overpower, rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish, amuse, recovered: (adj) cured, retrieved, well, crush, beat, rout, subjugate, thrash, overthrow, trounce, subdue; (adj, v) please, captivate, transport, well again, healthier, aged, enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, conquer. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, improved, whole, better, corned. ANTONYM: (adj) worse. dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness, fail. nuisance, discontent; (v) depress, robbing: (adj) freebooting, practicing weapon: (n) arm, missile, arms, displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore. freebootery; (n) theft. knuckles, spear, steel, tomahawk, exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry slavery: (adj, n) bondage, involuntary firearm, flamethrower, projectile, out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry, scream, servitude; (n) servitude, drudgery, hatchet. whilst: (conj) whereas, as, though, shout out, speak, vociferate. thraldom, thrall, yoke, travail, gates: (n) bill Gates. vassalage, thralldom, toil. albeit, at the same time as, even as; honours: (n) first, honors, degree, ANTONYMS: (n) liberty, freedom. (prep) during; (adj) pending.

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Better ten thousand base-born Cades miscarry Than you should stoop unto a Frenchman's mercy. To France, to France, and get what you have lost; Spare England, for it is your native coast. Henry hath money, you are strong and manly; God on our side, doubt not of victory.% ALL. A Clifford! a Clifford! we'll follow the king and Clifford. CADE. Was ever feather so lightly blown to and fro as this multitude? The name of Henry the Fifth hales them to an hundred mischiefs and makes them leave me desolate. I see them lay their heads together to surprise me. My sword make way for me, for here is no staying.--In despite of the devils and hell, have through the very middest of you! and heavens and honour be witness that no want of resolution in me, but only my followers' base and ignominious treasons, makes me betake me to my heels. [Exit.] BUCKINGHAM. What, is he fled?--Go some, and follow him; And he that brings his head unto the king Shall have a thousand crowns for his reward.-[Exeunt some of them.] Follow me, soldiers; we'll devise a mean To reconcile you all unto the king. [Exeunt.]

SCENE IX. KENILWORTH CASTLE. [Sound trumpets. Enter KING, QUEEN, and SOMERSET, on the terrace.]

Thesaurus betake: (v) wend, apply, address, accost, get, obtain, refer, acquire, aim, beget, attach. blown: (adj) puffy, panting, swollen, winded, inflated, moving, high, haughty lofty, late; (v) puffing and blowing; (n) blowen. desolate: (adj, v) desert, forlorn; (adj) bare, barren, alone, bleak, deserted, cheerless, disconsolate; (v) devastate, destroy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, inhabited, happy, sheltered, mobbed,

overcrowded, ecstatic, hopeful; (v) support, suite. heavens: (n) firmament, heaven, sky, create, construct, build. devils: (n) unclean spirits. welkin, sphere, atmosphere, celestial devise: (v) contrive, conceive, invent, sphere, space, skies, area, vault of plan, create, concoct, design, arrange, heaven. reconcile: (adj, v) conciliate, accord, frame, formulate, excogitate. feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion, harmonize; (v) accommodate, pacify, nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n, placate, mediate, adjust, harmonise, v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge. make up, propitiate. ANTONYMS: followers: (n) adherents, people, (v) alienate, estrange, provoke, entourage, claque, faithful, disciples, quarrel, segregate, worsen. supporters, multitude, attendants,

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KING. Was ever king that joy'd an earthly throne, And could command no more content than I? No sooner was I crept out of my cradle But I was made a king at nine months old. Was never subject long'd to be a king As I do long and wish to be a subject.% [Enter BUCKINGHAM and old CLIFFORD.] BUCKINGHAM. Health and glad tidings to your majesty! KING. Why, Buckingham, is the traitor Cade surpris'd? Or is he but retir'd to make him strong? [Enter, below, multitudes with halters about their necks.] CLIFFORD. He is fled, my lord, and all his powers do yield, And humbly thus, with halters on their necks, Expect your highness' doom, of life or death. KING. Then, heaven, set ope thy everlasting gates, To entertain my vows of thanks and praise!-Soldiers, this day have you redeem'd your lives And show'd how well you love your prince and country. Continue still in this so good a mind, And Henry, though he be infortunate, Assure yourselves, will never be unkind. And so, with thanks and pardon to you all, I do dismiss you to your several countries. ALL. God save the king! God save the king!

Thesaurus command: (n, v) order, charge, call, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy, signal, remember, recall, mobilize, control, decree; (n) instruction, maintain, keep, hold, engage, apologetic, dismayed, unwilling, bidding, direction, behest; (v) direct, contract. disappointed, sorry. commission. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, entertain: (v) amuse, delight, bear, heaven: (n) Eden, firmament, bliss, follow, contradict, countermand, cherish, beguile, admit, Elysium, sky, nirvana, glory, Elysian revoke, recall, oppose; (n) beg, plead, accommodate, harbor, hold, distract; Fields, Garden of Eden, utopia; (adj) (n, v) interest. ANTONYMS: (v) celestial. ANTONYM: (n) misery. plea. countries: (n) country. disregard, ignore, banish, forget, tire, powers: (n) authority, capacity, dismiss: (v) cashier, disband, cast, displease. strength, administration. glad: (adj) jubilant, cheerful, gay, prince: (n) lord, potentate, sovereign, discard, brush aside, can, bounce, cast off, cease, dispatch; (n, v) drop. blithe, delighted, festive, content, duke, king, chief, maharaja, ANTONYMS: (v) employ, welcome, delightful, genial, bright, willing. maharajah, ruler, magnate, archduke.

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[Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. Please it your grace to be advertised The Duke of York is newly come from Ireland, And with a puissant and a mighty power Of gallowglasses and stout kerns Is marching hitherward in proud array, And still proclaimeth, as he comes along, His arms are only to remove from thee The Duke of Somerset, whom he terms a traitor.% KING. Thus stands my state, 'twixt Cade and York distress'd, Like to a ship that, having scap'd a tempest, Is straightway calm'd and boarded with a pirate; But now is Cade driven back, his men dispers'd, And now is York in arms to second him.-I pray thee, Buckingham, go and meet him, And ask him wha t's the reason of these arms. Tell him I'll send Duke Edmund to the Tower;-And, Somerset, we will commit thee thither, Until his army be dismiss'd from him. SOMERSET. My lord, I'll yield myself to prison willingly, Or unto death, to do my country good. KING. In any case, be not too rough in terms, For he is fierce and cannot brook hard language. BUCKINGHAM. I will, my lord, and doubt not so to deal As all things shall redound unto your good.

Thesaurus brook: (v) endure, abide, stomach, stand, tolerate, digest, suffer, support, undergo; (n, v) creek; (n) stream. ANTONYMS: (v) spurn, resist, reject, prohibit. fierce: (adj) bitter, acute, cruel, ferocious, brutal, grim, nasty, intense, ardent; (adj, v) savage, furious. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, mild, calm, quiet, tame, docile, weak, peaceful, pleasant. marching: (n) walking, mar, drill; (adj)

bear upon; (adj) conducive; (n, v) ongoing, moving. mighty: (adj) immense, huge, grand, result. stout: (adj, n) sturdy, stocky, hearty; intense, high, big, forcible, strong, large, great; (adj, adv) powerful. (adj) hardy, strong, robust, obese, ANTONYMS: (adj) puny, tiny, weak, husky, bold, corpulent, fleshy. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, slim, flimsy, insignificant. puissant: (adj) powerful, mighty, cowardly, slight, skinny, fragile, forcible, hard, robust, vigorous, weak. straightway: (adv) presently, strong, stout, efficacious, adamantine, cogent. forthwith, directly, right, anon, redound: (v) tend, conduce, reflect, immediately, at once, straightforth, promptly; (adj) straight, immediate. dominate, accrue, bear on, prevail,

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KING. Come, wife, let's in, and learn to govern better; For yet may England curse my wretched reign.% [Flourish. Exeunt.]

SCENE X. KENT. IDEN'S GARDEN. [Enter CADE.] CADE. Fie on ambitions! fie on myself, that have a sword and yet am ready to famish! These five days have I hid me in these woods and durst not peep out, for all the country is laid for me; but now am I so hungry that if I might have a lease of my life for a thousand years I could stay no longer. Wherefore, on a brick wall have I climb'd into this garden, to see if I can eat grass, or pick a sallet another while, which is not amiss to cool a man's stomach this hot weather. And I think this word 'sallet' was born to do me good; for many a time, but for a sallet, my brain-pain had been cleft with a brown bill; and many a time, when I have been dry and bravely marching, it hath served me instead of a quart pot to drink in; and now the word 'sallet' must serve me to feed on. [Enter IDEN.] IDEN. Lord, who would live turmoiled in the court, And may enjoy such quiet walks as these? This small inheritance my father left me Contenteth me, and worth a monarchy. I seek not to wax great by others' waning, Or gather wealth, I care not with what envy;

Thesaurus bravely: (adv) courageously, fearlessly, begrudge, dole out, skin a flint, live valiantly, boldly, intrepidly, upon nothing, withhold, screw. gather: (n, v) fold, tuck; (v) convene, dauntlessly, gallantly, audaciously, undauntedly, heroically, doughtily. garner, congregate, compile, ANTONYMS: (adv) timidly, fearfully, assemble, accumulate, collect, meet, flock. ANTONYMS: (v) disperse, execrably, nervously. cleft: (adj, n) split; (n) fissure, cleavage, scatter, spread, distribute, disband, crevice, rift, fracture, aperture, decrease, part, smooth. inheritance: (adj, n) heritage; (n) breach, chap, chink, crack. ANTONYM: (adj) united. heredity, heirloom, birthright, famish: (v) fast, hunger, clem, perish bequest, legacy, dowry, estate, with hunger, enfamish; (adj) appanage, heirship; (v) descent.

quart: (n) quartile, quartic, quartilunar, quartole, quartlet, quarts, quarto, quarter. sallet: (n) helmet. wretched: (adj) unfortunate, pitiful, sad, pitiable, woeful, pathetic, piteous, lamentable; (adj, v) poor, unhappy, forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj) fine, strong, fortunate, overjoyed, nice, admirable, good, cheery, joyous, lucky, comfortable.

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Sufficeth that I have maintains my state And sends the poor well pleased from my gate.% CADE. Here's the lord of the soil come to seize me for a stray, for entering his feesimple without leave.--Ah, villain, thou wilt betray me, and get a thousand crowns of the king by carrying my head to him; but I'll make thee eat iron like an ostrich, and swallow my sword like a great pin, ere thou and I part. IDEN. Why, rude companion, whatsoe'er thou be, I know thee not! why, then, should I betray thee? Is 't not enough to break into my garden, And, like a thief, to come to rob my grounds, Climbing my walls in spite of me the owner, But thou wilt brave me with these saucy terms? CADE. Brave thee? ay, by the best blood that ever was broached, and beard thee too. Look on me well: I have eat no meat these five days; yet, come thou and thy five men, and if I do not leave you all as dead as a door-nail, I pray God I may never eat grass more. IDEN. Nay, it shall ne'er be said, while England stands, That Alexander Iden, an esquire of Kent, Took odds to combat a poor famish'd man. Oppose thy steadfast-gazing eyes to mine, See if thou canst outface me with thy looks. Set limb to limb and thou art far the lesser; Thy hand is but a finger to my fist, Thy leg a stick compared with this truncheon; My foot shall fight with all the strength thou hast; And if mine arm be heaved in the air, Thy grave is digg'd already in the earth. As for words, whose greatness answers words, Let this my sword report what speech forbears.

Thesaurus answers: (n) replies; (adj) answering. broached: (adv) astir, afoot. esquire: (n) gentleman, Mr, Esq, scutum, scute, scutage, escutcheon, scutcheon, margrave, vavasour; (v) escort. forbears: (n) lineage, forefathers. greatness: (n) excellence, dimension, dignity, bulk, size, enormousness, bigness, enormity, grandness, magnitude, fame. ANTONYMS: (n) obscurity, austerity, commonness,

mildness, moderation, simplicity. limb: (n) arm, branch, member, bough, extremity, offshoot, part, leg, wing, appendage, edge. ostrich: (n) Struthio Camelus, ratite, flightless bird; (adj) camel bird, doe, greyhound, hare, gazelle, antelope, eagle, courser. outface: (v) brave, dip slope, gaze, outscout, stare down. saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold, impudent, audacious, insolent, fresh,

forward, impertinent, flippant, rude, brazen. ANTONYM: (adj) respectful. seize: (v) catch, capture, grab, arrest, clutch, get, apprehend, receive, annex, clasp; (n, v) grapple. ANTONYMS: (v) baulk, relinquish, restore, surrender, give, remove. stray: (v) wander, ramble, range, digress, straggle, meander, depart, deviate, rove, drift, err. ANTONYM: (v) settle.

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CADE. By my valour, the most complete champion that ever I heard!--Steel, if thou turn the edge, or cut not out the burly-boned clown in chines of beef ere thou sleep in thy sheath, I beseech God on my knees thou mayst be turn'd to hobnails.--[Here they fight. Cade falls.] O, I am slain! famine and no other hath slain me; let ten thousand devils come against me, and give me but the ten meals I have lost, and I'd defy them all.--Wither, garden; and be henceforth a burying place to all that do dwell in this house, because the unconquered soul of Cade is fled.% IDEN. Is't Cade that I have slain, that monstrous traitor?-Sword, I will hallow thee for this thy deed, And hang thee o'er my tomb when I am dead; Ne'er shall this blood be wiped from thy point, But thou shalt wear it as a herald's coat, To emblaze the honour that thy master got. CADE. Iden, farewell; and be proud of thy victory. Tell Kent from me, she hath lost her best man, and exhort all the world to be cowards; for I, that never feared any, am vanquished by famine, not by valour. [Dies.] IDEN. How much thou wrong'st me, heaven be my judge. Die, damned wretch, the curse of her that bare thee; And as I thrust thy body in with my sword, So wish I I might thrust thy soul to hell. Hence will I drag thee headlong by the heels Unto a dunghill which shall be thy grave, And there cut off thy most ungracious head, Which I will bear in triumph to the king,

Thesaurus burying: (n) entombment, inhumation. emblaze: (v) embellish. exhort: (v) admonish, urge, advise, advocate, caution, expostulate, press, counsel, entreat, bid, goad. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, block, discourage, dissuade, restrain, demand. hallow: (v) bless, sanctify, dedicate, venerate, celebrate keep, do honor to, honor, commemorate, celebrate, enshrine, devote. ANTONYM: (v)

desecrate. envelop. headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) unconquered: (adj) unbeaten, directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) unvanquished, not conquered. rash, hurried, desperate, precipitous, ungracious: (adj) discourteous, impetuous, sudden, precipitate. impolite, uncivil, surly, unkind, ANTONYMS: (adj) cautiously, unceremonious, churlish, considered; (adv) carefully. disrespectful, unfriendly, graceless, meals: (n) nourishment, fare, food, unpleasing. vanquished: (adj) beaten, meal, the food we eat, provisions. sheath: (n, v) cover; (n) envelope, overwhelmed, routed, overcome, vagina, scabbard, blanket, casing, overpowered, overthrown, defeated, skin, holster, tegument; (v) sheathe, crushed, tried, tired out, practiced.

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Leaving %thy trunk for crows to feed upon. [Exit.]

Thesaurus feed: (v) eat, dine, browse, encourage, board, diet, nourish, fatten; (n, v) nurture, provender; (n) aliment. ANTONYMS: (v) thwart, crave, desire, sap. trunk: (n) stem, boot, torso, bole, body, stalk, snout, proboscis, stock, tree trunk, box.

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ACT V

SCENE I. FIELDS BETWEEN DARTFORD AND BLACKHEATH.% [Enter YORK, and his army of Irish, with drum and colours.] YORK. From Ireland thus comes York to claim his right, And pluck the crown from feeble Henry's head. Ring, bells, aloud; burn, bonfires, clear and bright, To entertain great England's lawful king. Ah! sancta majestas! who would not buy thee dear? Let them obey that knows not how to rule; This hand was made to handle nought but gold. I cannot give due action to my words Except a sword or sceptre balance it. A sceptre shall it have, have I a soul, On which I'll toss the flower-de-luce of France.-[Enter BUCKINGHAM.] Whom have we here? Buckingham, to disturb me? The king hath sent him, sure: I must dissemble.

Thesaurus bells: (n) addition, approval, hearty, tough, effective, powerful, matrimony, marriage, approbation, unrelenting, robust, potent, wedding. persuasive, able. dissemble: (v) feign, assume, conceal, lawful: (adj) legal, just, rightful, disguise, camouflage, dissimulate, constitutional, true, right, justifiable, licit, regular; (n, v) allowable; (adj, v) act, hide, sham, pretend, mask. ANTONYMS: (v) show, demonstrate, permissible. ANTONYMS: (adj) expose, reveal. unlawful, prohibited, feeble: (adj) delicate, decrepit, ailing, unconstitutional. helpless, powerless, poor, mild, lax, obey: (v) comply, listen, keep, fulfill, thin; (adj, v) faint, debilitated. hear, conform, abide by, serve, ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, vigorous, comply with; (n, v) mind, heed.

ANTONYMS: (v) disobey, defy, break, transgress, infringe, challenge, deny. pluck: (adj, n) nerve; (v) cull, jerk, gather, pick, fleece, grab; (n) grit, courage, boldness; (n, v) pull. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, gutlessness; (v) undercharge. toss: (n, v) throw, fling, pitch, chuck, cast, flip; (v) agitate, hurl, shake, convulse, discard. ANTONYM: (v) catch.

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BUCKINGHAM. York, if thou meanest well, I greet thee well.% YORK. Humphrey of Buckingham, I accept thy greeting. Art thou a messenger, or come of pleasure? BUCKINGHAM. A messenger from Henry, our dread liege, To know the reason of these arms in peace; Or why thou, being a subject as I am, Against thy oath and true allegiance sworn, Should raise so great a power without his leave, Or dare to bring thy force so near the court. YORK. [Aside.] Scarce can I speak, my choler is so great: O, I could hew up rocks and fight with flint, I am so angry at these abject terms; And now, like Ajax Telamonius, On sheep or oxen could I spend my fury. I am far better born than is the king, More like a king, more kingly in my thoughts; But I must make fair weather yet a while, Till Henry be more weak and I more strong.-Buckingham, I prithee, pardon me, That I have given no answer all this while; My mind was troubled with deep melancholy. The cause why I have brought this army hither Is to remove proud Somerset from the king, Seditious to his grace and to the state. BUCKINGHAM. That is too much presumption on thy part;

Thesaurus allegiance: (n) adherence, dedication, (v) welcome, want; (n) reassurance, swearing, pledge, assurance, asseveration; (v) swear. devotion, faith, troth, faithfulness, fearlessness, confidence, security, presumption: (n) effrontery, commitment, fidelity, homage, ease, calm. constancy, fealty. ANTONYMS: (n) greet: (n, v) receive; (v) address, confidence, assurance, premise, sedition, treason, betrayal, acknowledge, hail, welcome, cry, arrogance, guess, conjecture, surmise, disobedience, enmity, treachery, salute, bid, weep, meet, recognize. insolence, impertinence, belief. kingly: (adj, adv) stately; (adj) August, ANTONYM: (n) respect. indifference. dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear, panic; noble, regal, imperial, sovereign, rocks: (n) sunken rocks, family jewels, (n) anxiety, awe, consternation, majestic, royal; (adv) royally, coral reef. alarm, trepidation, dismay, majestically, regally. oath: (n) expletive, malediction, foreboding, terror. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, welcomed, pleasant; imprecation, promise, affidavit, cuss,

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But if thy arms be to no other end, The king hath yielded unto thy demand. The Duke of Somerset is in the Tower.% YORK. Upon thine honour, is he prisoner? BUCKINGHAM. Upon mine honour, he is prisoner. YORK. Then, Buckingham, I do dismiss my powers.-Soldiers, I thank you all; disperse yourselves; Meet me to-morrow in Saint George's field, You shall have pay and everything you wish.-And let my sovereign, virtuous Henry, Command my eldest son, nay, all my sons, As pledges of my fealty and love, I'll send them all as willing as I live; Lands, goods, horse, armour, anything I have, Is his to use, so Somerset may die. BUCKINGHAM. York, I commend this kind submission; We twain will go into his highness' tent. [Enter KING and Attendants.] KING. Buckingham, doth York intend no harm to us, That thus he marcheth with thee arm in arm? YORK. In all submission and humility York doth present himself unto your highness. KING. Then what intends these forces thou dost bring?

Thesaurus armour: (n) armature, buckler, armour ANTONYMS: (v) gather, collect, obedience, acquiescence, bid, offer, plate, cataphract. converge, centralize, capture, deference, entry, presentation, commend: (v) approve, exalt, acclaim, congregate, garner, concentrate, conformity; (adj, n) resignation, surrender. ANTONYMS: (n) praise, applaud, recommend, swarm, crowd, aggravate. endorse, entrust, extol, compliment, fealty: (n) loyalty, homage, defiance, divergence, disobedience. cite. ANTONYMS: (v) rebuke, faithfulness, devotion, fidelity, faith, tent: (n) awning, marquee, pavilion, criticize, censure, reproach, keep, constancy, feute, feutee, genuflection, canopy, collapsible shelter, chastise, reprimand, deny, disparage, kneeling prostration. tabernacle, attention, pack tent, forces: (n) troop, army, troops, rank parasol, pop tent; (n, v) camp. refuse, smear. disperse: (v) dispel, spread, circulate, twain: (n) pair, brace, dyad, deuce, and file, services, war, Armed break up, disband, scatter, dissipate, Services, enmity. twosome, duo, straddle, bitstock, diffuse, dispense, disseminate, break. submission: (n) compliance, coupling, braces, yoke.

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YORK. To heave the traitor Somerset from hence, And fight against that monstrous rebel Cade, Who since I heard to be discomfited.% [Enter IDEN, with CADE's head.] IDEN. If one so rude and of so mean condition May pass into the presence of a king, Lo, I present your grace a traitor's head, The head of Cade, whom I in combat slew. KING. The head of Cade!--Great God, how just art Thou!-O, let me view his visage, being dead, That living wrought me such exceeding trouble. Tell me, my friend, art thou the man that slew him? IDEN. I was, an 't like your majesty. KING. How art thou call'd? and what is thy degree? IDEN. Alexander Iden, that's my name; A poor esquire of Kent, that loves his king. BUCKINGHAM. So please it you, my lord, 't were not amiss He were created knight for his good service. KING. Iden, kneel down. [He kneels.] Rise up a knight. We give thee for reward a thousand marks, And will that thou thenceforth attend on us.

Thesaurus attend: (n, v) tend, escort, nurse, conduct; (v) assist, serve, minister, aid, look, partake, follow. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, leave, ignore, disregard, desert, abandon. created: (adj) create, composed, shaped, produced, wrought, legendary, mythical, fictitious, bent, romantic, fashioned. exceeding: (prep) beyond, more than, greater than; (adj) excessive, transcendent, extraordinary,

exceptional, prodigious, surpassing, Olympian; (v) exceed. heave: (n, v) cast, fling, raise, gasp, toss, lift; (v) chuck, haul, elevate, pitch, billow. ANTONYMS: (v) push, drop. pass: (adj, n, v) run; (v) flow, give, deliver, lead, happen, overtake, proceed; (adj, v) move; (n, v) offer, live. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, make, take, veto; (n) failing, rejection, exclusion.

slew: (n) wad, turning, sight, heap, stack, lot, flock; (v) rotate, slue, swerve, veer. thenceforth: (adv) thenceforward, thence, elsewhere, absent, not there, then. visage: (n) face, look, mug, physiognomy, expression, kisser, appearance, aspect, brow, smiler, forehead. wrought: (adj) shaped, done, worked, worked up, formed.

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IDEN. May Iden live to merit such a bounty, And never live but true unto his liege! [Rises.] [Enter QUEEN and SOMERSET.] KING. See, Buckingham, Somerset comes with the queen. Go, bid her hide him quickly from the duke.% QUEEN. For thousand Yorks he shall not hide his head, But boldly stand and front him to his face. YORK. How now! is Somerset at liberty? Then, York, unloose thy long-imprisoned thoughts, And let thy tongue be equal with thy heart. Shall I endure the sight of Somerset? False king! why hast thou broken faith with me, Knowing how hardly I can brook abuse? King did I call thee? no, thou art not king, Not fit to govern and rule multitudes, Which dar'st not, no, nor canst not rule a traitor. That head of thine doth not become a crown; Thy hand is made to grasp a palmer's staff, And not to grace an awful princely sceptre. That gold must round engirt these brows of mine, Whose smile and frown, like to Achilles' spear, Is able with the change to kill and cure. Here is a hand to hold a sceptre up And with the same to act controlling laws. Give place; by heaven, thou shalt rule no more O'er him whom heaven created for thy ruler.

Thesaurus boldly: (adj, adv) courageously, execute, eradicate. ANTONYMS: (v) predominant, prevailing, valiantly, heroically; (adv) fearlessly, domineering, guiding; (n) revitalize, revive; (n) hunter. merit: (n, v) deserve; (adj, n) daringly, bravely, intrepidly, administration, steering. ANTONYMS: (adj) lenient, excellence, worth, desert; (n) virtue, impudently, audaciously, shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS: insignificant. credit, significance, value, goodness, (adv) discreetly, modestly, nervously, frown: (adj, v) lower; (adj, n) scowl; (n, quality; (v) rate. ANTONYMS: (n) v) pout, grimace, glower, glare; (adj) hesitantly, shyly, fearfully, meekly, demerit, disgrace, fault, black looks, gloam, glout; (v) sulk, submissively, secretly, respectfully, insignificance, mediocrity, gnash. ANTONYM: (v) approve. diffidently. commonness. brows: (n) brow. kill: (n, v) assassinate, destroy; (v) unloose: (v) loosen, clear, liberate, controlling: (adj) ruling, chief, erase, annihilate, eliminate, loose, undo, unchain, free, extricate, dominant, influential, capital, extinguish, finish, blast, decimate, disengage, unloosen, unbind.

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SOMERSET. O monstrous traitor!--I arrest thee, York, Of capital treason 'gainst the king and crown. Obey, audacious traitor; kneel for grace.% YORK. Wouldst have me kneel? first let me ask of these If they can brook I bow a knee to man.-Sirrah, call in my sons to be my bail.-[Exit ATTENDANT.] I know, ere thy will have me go to ward, They'll pawn their swords for my enfranchisement. QUEEN. Call hither Clifford; bid him come amain, To say if that the bastard boys of York Shall be the surety for their traitor father. [Exit BUCKINGHAM.] YORK. O blood-bespotted Neapolitan, Outcast of Naples, England's bloody scourge! The sons of York, thy betters in their birth, Shall be their father's bail; and bane to those That for my surety will refuse the boys! [Enter EDWARD and RICHARD.] See where they come; I'll warrant they'll make it good. [Enter old CLIFFORD and his SON.] QUEEN. And here comes Clifford to deny their bail. CLIFFORD. Health and all happiness to my lord the king! [Kneels.]

Thesaurus audacious: (adj) brash, arrogant, toxicant, scourge, plague, curse, liberty, release, liberation, barefaced, bold, daring, impudent, undoing, distress, blight, doom. manumission, credentials. ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, good, ANTONYM: (n) disenfranchisement. intrepid, brave, shameless, pawn: (n) bail, hostage, instrument, enterprising, insolent. ANTONYMS: antidote. (adj) modest, timid, cautious, polite, bastard: (adj, n) illegitimate, fake; (adj) mortgage, gage, guarantee, bond, collateral, lien, tool; (v) hock. reserved, meek, humble, fearful, spurious, phony, misbegotten, bastardly, adulterine, impure; (n) ANTONYM: (v) redeem. discreet, respectful. bail: (n) pledge, surety, security, surety: (n) collateral, pledge, hostage, whoreson, love child, illegitimate child. ANTONYM: (adj) fathered. handle, guarantee, bond, ballium, guarantee, earnest, guaranty, assurance, undertaking; (v) deliver, enfranchisement: (n) freedom, guarantor, certainty, assurance, consign. certification, accreditation, sponsor, bail. bane: (n) poison, canker, anathema, emancipation, deliverance, lib,

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YORK. I thank thee, Clifford; say, what news with thee? Nay, do not fright us with an angry look. We are thy sovereign, Clifford, kneel again; For thy mistaking so, we pardon thee.% CLIFFORD. This is my king, York, I do not mistake; But thou mistakes me much to think I do.-To Bedlam with him! is the man grown mad? KING. Ay, Clifford; a bedlam and ambitious humour Makes him oppose himself against his king. CLIFFORD. He is a traitor; let him to the Tower, And chop away that factious pate of his. QUEEN. He is arrested, but will not obey; His sons, he says, shall give their words for him. YORK. Will you not, sons? EDWARD. Ay, noble father, if our words will serve. RICHARD. And if words will not, then our weapons shall. CLIFFORD. Why, what a brood of traitors have we here! YORK. Look in a glass, and call thy image so; I am thy king, and thou a false-heart traitor.-Call hither to the stake my two brave bears,

Thesaurus ambitious: (adj) eager, difficult, reassure, delight, console. chop: (n, v) chip, slice, cut; (v) mince, energetic, competitive, desirous, grandiose, enterprising, pushy, slash, whittle, hash, hack, cleave, challenging; (adj, v) aspiring, hew, chop up. vaulting. ANTONYMS: (adj) fulfilled, mistaking: (n) misunderstanding, undemanding, unambitious, slothful, mistake, imbroglio, simple, satisfied, lazy, humble, facile, misinterpretation, misconstruction, easy, content. misapprehension, misconstrual, brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think, interpretation, misreading; (adj) incubate; (n) offspring, issue, mistaken, misleading. oppose: (v) contest, contend, resist, progeny, young, posterity, family; (adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v) contradict, controvert, contravene,

counteract, fight, counter, disagree, dissent. ANTONYMS: (v) advocate, agree, back, advise, promote, accept, submit, encourage, correspond, approve, favor. pate: (n) crown, noddle, nob, crest, chief, poll, cerebrum, brainpan, cranium, scull, upper story. stake: (n, v) risk, chance, venture, bet, wager, post, pole, gamble, support; (n) interest, shaft.

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That with the very shaking of their chains They may astonish these fell-lurking curs. Bid Salisbury and Warwick come to me.% [Enter the EARLS OF WARWICK and SALISBURY.] CLIFFORD. Are these thy bears? we'll bait thy bears to death, And manacle the bear-herd in their chains, If thou dar'st bring them to the baiting-place. RICHARD. Oft have I seen a hot o'erweening cur Run back and bite because he was withheld, Who, being suffer'd with the bear's fell paw, Hath clapp'd his tail between his legs and cried; And such a piece of service will you do If you oppose yourselves to match Lord Warwick. CLIFFORD. Hence, heap of wrath, foul indigested lump, As crooked in thy manners as thy shape! YORK. Nay, we shall heat you thoroughly anon. CLIFFORD. Take heed, lest by your heat you burn yourselves. KING. Why, Warwick, hath thy knee forgot to bow?-Old Salisbury, shame to thy silver hair, Thou mad misleader of thy brainsick son! What, wilt thou on thy death-bed play the ruffian, And seek for sorrow with thy spectacles? O, where is faith? O, where is loyalty? If it be banish'd from the frosty head,

Thesaurus anon: (adv) directly, immediately, crooked: (adj) bent, corrupt, dishonest, curved, unfair, deformed; (adj, n, v) early, readily, soon, instantly, again, awry; (adj, v) irregular, askew, wry, forthwith, promptly, shortly, rath. astonish: (adj, v) astound; (adj, n, v) indirect. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, surprise; (adj) astonishing, surprised; honest, principled, even, aboveboard, (v) flabbergast, daze, confound, lawful, level, moral, flat, aligned, dazzle, stun, alarm, nonplus. honorable. ANTONYMS: (v) expect, bore. frosty: (adj, v) icy, glacial; (adj) frigid, brainsick: (adj) crazy, dizzy, freezing, wintry, arctic, chill, frozen, chilly, bleak, cool. ANTONYMS: (adj) thoughtless, mad, giddy, unhinged, disturbed, unbalanced, sick, muzzy, friendly, pleasant, hot, torrid, distracted. tropical, balmy, approachable.

indigested: (adj) crude. legs: (v) pegs, trotters, pins; (n) patience, pedestal, stamina. manacle: (n, v) fetter, cuff, pinion; (n) cuffs, handcuffs, bond, gyve, irons, trammel; (v) chain, bridle. ANTONYM: (v) free. wrath: (n) rage, resentment, ire, fury, displeasure, indignation, passion, madness, choler, irritation; (adj) angry. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, love, composure, serenity.

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Where shall it find a harbour in the earth? Wilt thou go dig a grave to find out war, And shame thine honourable age with blood? Why art thou old, and want'st experience? Or wherefore dost abuse it, if thou hast it? For shame! in duty bend thy knee to me That bows unto the grave with mickle age.% SALISBURY. My lord, I have consider'd with myself The tide of this most renowned duke, And in my conscience do repute his grace The rightful heir to England's royal seat. KING. Hast thou not sworn allegiance unto me? SALISBURY. I have. KING. Canst thou dispense with heaven for such an oath? SALISBURY. It is great sin to swear unto a sin, But greater sin to keep a sinful oath. Who can be bound by any solemn vow To do a murtherous deed, to rob a man, To force a spotless virgin's chastity, To reave the orphan of his patrimony, To wring the widow from her custom'd right, And have no other reason for this wrong But that he was bound by a solemn oath? QUEEN. A subtle traitor needs no sophister.

Thesaurus dispense: (v) allot, deal, administer, nympha, cocoon, Aurelia, tyke, immoral, profane, criminal, wrong, unholy. ANTONYMS: (adj) pious, assign, deal out, apportion, dole out, staddle, youngster, shaver; (adj) give, issue, diffuse, furnish. orphaned. virtuous, moral, right, pure. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, receive, reave: (v) pillage, plunder, ransack, sophister: (n) sophomore. withhold. despoil, rifle, snatch, strip, displume, spotless: (adj) faultless, clean, knee: (n) bracket, articulation, joint, deplume, foray, rave. innocent, pure, guiltless, flawless, repute: (n, v) reputation, report, kneel, knee joint, genu, articulatio chaste, perfect, impeccable, esteem, respect, honor; (n) name, genus, scythe, zigzag, sickle, bend. unblemished, stainless. mickle: (n) muckle, lot, batch, deluge, character, celebrity, standing; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) dirty, messy, flood, numerous, much, great, hoi count, regard as. blemished, filthy, soiled, shameful, sinful: (adj) wicked, impious, bad, polloi, hole, marihuana. tainted, guilty, blameworthy, impure, orphan: (n) waif, caterpillar, nymph, iniquitous, ungodly, depraved, imperfect.

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KING. Call Buckingham, and bid him arm himself.% YORK. Call Buckingham, and all the friends thou hast, I am resolv'd for death or dignity. CLIFFORD. The first I warrant thee if dreams prove true. WARWICK. You were best to go to bed and dream again, To keep thee from the tempest of the field. CLIFFORD. I am resolv'd to bear a greater storm Than any thou canst conjure up to-day; And that I'll write upon thy burgonet, Might I but know thee by thy household badge. WARWICK. Now, by my father's badge, old Nevil's crest, The rampant bear chain'd to the ragged staff, This day I'll wear aloft my burgonet, As on a mountain top the cedar shows That keeps his leaves in spite of any storm, Even to affright thee with the view thereof. CLIFFORD. And from thy burgonet I'll rend thy bear And tread it under foot with all contempt, Despite the bear-herd that protects the bear. YOUNG CLIFFORD. And so to arms, victorious father, To quell the rebels and their complices.

Thesaurus badge: (n) sign, emblem, insignia, quell: (adj, v) appease, pacify, calm; (v) rive, tear, disrupt, mangle; (n, v) rip, medal, token, plaque, symbol, logo, overpower, crush, allay, put down, split, slash. tread: (n, v) pace, walk, rate, march, indication, identification, suppress, conquer, defeat, quash. ANTONYMS: (v) prompt, submit, tramp; (n) gait, stride, footstep, characteristic. cedar: (n) true cedar, pahautea, footfall, track; (v) trample. resist, aggravate, incite. rampant: (adj, v) rife; (adj) wild, victorious: (adj) triumphant, kawaka, deodar, cedar tree. conjure: (v) invoke, entreat, arouse, raging, luxuriant, unchecked, successful, winning, jubilant, victor, fortunate, lifted up; (adj, v) juggle, bewitch, beseech, bid, conjure prevailing, rank, boisterous, up, evoke, implore, bring up. exuberant, furious, irrepressible. triumphal, exultant, triumphing, on mountain: (n, v) mound; (n) heap, ANTONYMS: (adj) contained, top. ANTONYMS: (adj) beaten, height, peak, mountain range, stack, controlled, mild, rare, sparse. unsuccessful, failing, losing, rend: (v) pull, lacerate, break, divide, pile, mass, Ben, volcano, bundle. sorrowful.

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RICHARD. Fie! charity, for shame! speak not in spite, For you shall sup with Jesu Christ to-night.% YOUNG CLIFFORD. Foul stigmatic, that's more than thou canst tell. RICHARD. If not in heaven, you'll surely sup in hell. [Exeunt severally.]

SCENE II. SAINT ALBAN'S. [Alarums to the battle. Enter WARWICK.] WARWICK. Clifford of Cumberland, 't is Warwick calls; And if thou dost not hide thee from the bear, Now, when the angry trumpet sounds alarum And dead men's cries do fill the empty air, Clifford, I say, come forth and fight with me! Proud northern lord, Clifford of Cumberland, Warwick is hoarse with calling thee to arms.-[Enter YORK.] How now, my noble lord! what, all afoot? YORK. The deadly-handed Clifford slew my steed, But match to match I have encount'red him, And made a prey for carrion kites and crows Even of the bonny beast he lov'd so well. [Enter old CLIFFORD.]

Thesaurus afoot: (n) afloat, prevalent; (v) on foot, corpse, filth, ket, any filth, caroigne; prey: (n) chase, game, victim, on the tapis, agoing; (adv) walking, (adj) garbage. immolation, quarry, target, mark, abroach; (adj) underway, itinerant, forth: (adv) away, along, onward, capture; (n, v) plunder, raven; (v) eat. ANTONYMS: (n) hunter, predator. current. ahead, before, on, off, on the high beast: (n) animal, monster, swine, road, on the road, on the way, under stigmatic: (adj) anastigmatic, fiend, creature, scavenger, savage, way. disgraceful, inglorious, not critter, animate being, barbarian; (adj) hoarse: (adj) gruff, husky, raucous, astigmatic; (n) person, somebody, bear. ANTONYM: (n) man. grating, strident, guttural, rough, stigmatist, soul, someone. bonny: (adj) fine, comely, bonnie, throaty; (v) coarse; (adj, v) hollow, trumpet: (n) horn, cornet, bugle, sepulchral. ANTONYMS: (adj) clarion, trump, brass, trombone; (v) lovely, neat, beautiful, bunny, Idzo, pleasant, dainty, becoming. smooth, mellow, velvety, high. proclaim, promulgate, show off, carrion: (n) carcass, offal, dead body, kites: (n) harriers, hawks. blare.

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WARWICK. Of one or both of us the time is come.% YORK. Hold, Warwick, seek thee out some other chase, For I myself must hunt this deer to death. WARWICK. Then, nobly, York; 't is for a crown thou fight'st.-As I intend, Clifford, to thrive to-day, It grieves my soul to leave thee unassail'd. [Exit.] CLIFFORD. What seest thou in me, York? why dost thou pause? YORK. With thy brave bearing should I be in love But that thou art so fast mine enemy. CLIFFORD. Nor should thy prowess want praise and esteem But that 't is shown ignobly and in treason. YORK. So let it help me now against thy sword As I in justice and true right express it! CLIFFORD. My soul and body on the action both! YORK. A dreadful lay!--Address thee instantly. [They fight, and OLD CLIFFORD falls.] CLIFFORD. La fin couronne les oeuvres. [Dies.]

Thesaurus deer: (n) caribou, buck, fawn, stag, reynard, brocket, cervid, ruminant, roe, roebuck, hart. dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming, atrocious, fearful, terrible, abominable, appalling, direful, grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, great, lovely, fantastic, marvelous, admirable, successful, nice, joyous, honorable, fair. hunt: (n, v) search; (v) course, follow, hound, rummage, forage, prey, dog,

go after, persecute; (n) battue. ANTONYMS: (v) find, precede. ignobly: (adv) currishly, scurrilously, meanly, unnobly. pause: (n, v) halt, interruption, adjournment, delay, respite, stop; (adj, n, v) rest; (n) intermission, gap; (adj, v) discontinue; (v) hesitate. ANTONYMS: (n) decisiveness, continuation, start; (v) proceed. praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter, celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend,

compliment, honor, glory, acclaim; (n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n) criticism, disparagement; (v) reprimand, disparage, reproach, scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise, denigrate, sully. prowess: (n) bravery, valor, art, heroism, proficiency, mastery, expertise, gallantry, intrepidity, chivalry, skill. ANTONYMS: (n) inability, ineptitude.

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YORK. Thus %war hath given thee peace, for thou art still. Peace with his soul, heaven, if it be thy will! [Exit.] [Enter young CLIFFORD.] YOUNG CLIFFORD. Shame and confusion! all is on the rout; Fear frames disorder, and disorder wounds Where it should guard.--O war, thou son of hell, Whom angry heavens do make their minister, Throw in the frozen bosoms of our part Hot coals of vengeance!--Let no soldier fly. He that is truly dedicate to war Hath no self-love; nor he that loves himself Hath not essentially but by circumstance The name of valour.--[Seeing his dead father.] O, let the vile world end, And the premised flames of the last day Knit earth and heaven together! Now let the general trumpet blow his blast, Particularities and petty sounds To cease!--Wast thou ordain'd, dear father, To lose thy youth in peace, and to achieve The silver livery of advised age, And in thy reverence and thy chair-days, thus To die in ruffian battle?--Even at this sight My heart is turn'd to stone; and while 't is mine It shall be stony. York not our old men spares; No more will I their babes; tears virginal Shall be to me even as the dew to fire, And beauty that the tyrant oft reclaims

Thesaurus babes: (n) babies, babe. frozen: (adj) cold, frosty, frigid, coals: (n) ashes, fire, residue, embers. wintry, glacial, arctic, icy, freezing, dedicate: (v) apply, devote, commit, stiff, congealed, iced. ANTONYMS: (adj) moving, hot, warm, boiling, bless, render, sanctify, pay, inaugurate, give, destine; (prep, v) set fluid, liquid, melted, unfrozen, apart. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, thawed, tropical, soft. reverence: (n, v) respect, regard, fear, alienate, desecrate, dishonor, worship, honor, esteem, adore; (n) disrespect, steal, take, withhold, misuse, keep. deference, adoration, admiration, flames: (n) fire, blaze, firestorm, awe. ANTONYMS: (n) despise, hellhole. disrespect, irreverence, disdain, frames: (n) framework, ribs. disparagement, contempt; (v)

dishonor. self-love: (n) egoism, vanity, pride, arrogance. stony: (adj) rocky, hard, rough, callous, cold, pitiless, flinty, unfeeling, obdurate, bleak, icy. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, kind. tyrant: (n) dictator, oppressor, autocrat, disciplinarian, bully, authoritarian, sovereign, czar, monarch, suzerain, stickler. york: (n) house of York.

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Shall %to my flaming wrath be oil and flax. Henceforth I will not have to do with pity; Meet I an infant of the house of York, Into as many gobbets will I cut it As wild Medea young Absyrtus did. In cruelty will I seek out my fame.-Come, thou new ruin of old Clifford's house: As did Aeneas old Anchises bear, So bear I thee upon my manly shoulders; But then Aeneas bare a living load, Nothing so heavy as these woes of mine. [Exit, bearing off his father.] [Enter RICHARD and SOMERSET to fight. SOMERSET is killed.] RICHARD. So, lie thou there; For underneath an alehouse' paltry sign, The Castle in Saint Alban's, Somerset Hath made the wizard famous in his death. Sword, hold thy temper; heart, be wrathful still; Priests pray for enemies, but princes kill. [Exit.] [Fight: excursions. Enter KING, QUEEN, and others.] QUEEN. Away, my lord! you are slow; for shame, away! KING HENRY. Can we outrun the heavens? good Margaret, stay. QUEEN. What are you made of? you'll nor fight nor fly; Now is it manhood, wisdom, and defence,

Thesaurus flaming: (adj, n) burning, ardent, glowing, passionate; (adj) blazing, ablaze, aflame, hot; (n) enthusiastic, flame, fire. ANTONYMS: (adj) extinguished, placid, gentle, quiet. infant: (n) child, babe, minor, nursling, youngster, chick, toddler, suckling, kid, pappoose; (adj, n) juvenile. manhood: (n) majority, maturity, valor, resolution, personality, humanity, integrity, bravery; (adj) manliness, ripe age, maturity full age.

manly: (adj) manlike, masculine, manful, virile, brave, gallant; (adv) manfully, boldly, hardily, virilely; (adj, adv) stately. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, unmanly, cowardly; (adv) unmanfully. outrun: (v) surpass, outdo, exceed, outride, outstep, outleap, outjump, outgo, outdistance, beat, distance. ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj, n) downfall; (v) break, consume, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom,

ravage, destruction, damage. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance, save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect; (n) making, success, triumph, rise, preservation. upon: (adv, prep) above; (prep) up, onto, against, towards; (adv) on, on that occasion, then, before, by; (n) at. wizard: (n) necromancer, sorcerer, conjuror, genius, enchanter, conjurer, expert, whiz, ace, warlock; (adj, n) adept. ANTONYM: (n) rookie.

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To give the enemy way, and to secure us By what we can, which can no more but fly.% [Alarum afar off.] If you be ta'en, we then should see the bottom Of all our fortunes; but if we haply scape, As well we may, if not through your neglect, We shall to London get, where you are lov'd, And where this breach now in our fortunes made May readily be stopp'd. [Enter young CLIFFORD.] YOUNG CLIFFORD. But that my heart's on future mischief set, I would speak blasphemy ere bid you fly. But fly you must; uncurable discomfit Reigns in the hearts of all our present parts. Away, for your relief! and we will live To see their day and them our fortune give. Away, my lord, away! [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. FIELDS NEAR SAINT ALBAN'S. [Alarum. Retreat. Enter YORK, RICHARD, WARWICK, and SOLDIERS, with drum and colours.] YORK. Of Salisbury, who can report of him, That winter lion, who in rage forgets Aged contusions and all brush of time

Thesaurus afar: (adv) off, away, far away, sweep, polish, graze, clean; (n) damage, ill, detriment, disadvantage, distantly, beyond, Afar off, in the brushwood, conflict, copse, devilry, caper, devilment, distance, by far, apart; (adj) outlying, encounter. maleficence. ANTONYMS: (n) far. ANTONYMS: (adv) close, nearby, fortune: (n) estate, fate, fluke, destiny, obedience, beneficence, help. near; (prep) within. luck, accident, means, assets, riches, readily: (adv) easily, lightly, freely, blasphemy: (n) profanity, desecration, abundance, doom. ANTONYM: (n) quickly, immediately, instantly, willingly, soon, eagerly; (adj, adv) violation, profanation, oath, design. lion: (adj, n) celebrity, hero; (adj) irreverence, curse, profaneness, handily, smoothly. ANTONYMS: worthy, great card, tiger; (n) Leo, cat, (adv) grudgingly, eventually, discourtesy, cursing, insult. ANTONYMS: (n) adoration, respect, king of beasts, curiosity, luminary, reluctantly, unenthusiastically. reverence. spectacle. brush: (n, v) broom, touch, kiss; (v) mischief: (adj, n) evil, hurt, harm; (n)

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And, like a gallant in the brow of youth, Repairs him with occasion? This happy day Is not itself, nor have we won one foot, If Salisbury be lost.% RICHARD. My noble father, Three times to-day I holp him to his horse, Three times bestrid him; thrice I led him off, Persuaded him from any further act; But still, where danger was, still there I met him; And like rich hangings in a homely house, So was his will in his old feeble body. But, noble as he is, look where he comes. [Enter SALISBURY.] SALISBURY. Now, by my sword, well hast thou fought to-day; By the mass, so did we all.--I thank you, Richard; God knows how long it is I have to live, And it hath pleas'd him that three times to-day You have defended me from imminent death.-Well, lords, we have not got that which we have; 'T is not enough our foes are this time fled, Being opposites of such repairing nature. YORK. I know our safety is to follow them; For, as I hear, the king is fled to London, To call a present court of parliament. Let us pursue him ere the writs go forth.-What says Lord Warwick? shall we after them? WARWICK. After them! nay, before them, if we can.

Thesaurus brow: (n) peak, brink, brows, height, homely: (adj) plain, common, rustic, flock, crowd, cluster, pile, bunch; (n) summit, forehead, eyebrow, edge, artless, home, snug, homelike, magnitude, collection, majority. crown, brim, border. ANTONYM: (n) domestic; (adj, adv) ugly; (adv) ANTONYMS: (n) lightness, few; (v) plainly, simplely. ANTONYMS: (adj) disperse. trough. defended: (adj) shielded, secured, pursue: (v) follow, dog, prosecute, sophisticated, striking, watched over, secure, sacred. uncomfortable, bleak. hunt, course, tail, stalk, persist, gallant: (adj) fearless, brave, daring, imminent: (adj) forthcoming, coming, hound, haunt, go after. ANTONYMS: (v) shun, eschew, avoid, discourage, courageous, chivalrous, bold, manly, close, future, near, pending, heroic, dashing, courteous, fine. approaching, at hand, menacing, lead, precede, find. ANTONYMS: (adj) boorish, rude, repairing: (n) repair, adjustment; (adj) threatening, prospective. ANTONYMS: (adj) remote, past. selfish. remedial. hangings: (n) long curtains. mass: (adj, n) bulk, lump, block; (n, v)

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Now, %by my hand, lords, 'twas a glorious day; Saint Alban's battle won by famous York Shall be eterniz'd in all age to come.-Sound drums and trumpets!--and to London all; And more such days as these to us befall! [Exeunt.]

Thesaurus battle: (n, v) fight, struggle, combat, drums: (n) drumming. contest, war, conflict, clash, brawl; (v) famous: (adj) celebrated, splendid, wrestle; (n) fighting, warfare. distinguished, renowned, illustrious, ANTONYMS: (n) peace, agreement, famed, capital, prominent, welltruce, concord, armistice, accord, known, fine, stunning. ANTONYMS: (adj) infamous, ordinary, anonymous, surrender. befall: (v) bechance, become, happen, insignificant, obscure, inglorious, fall, arise, come about, occur, betide, undistinguished. glorious: (adj) distinguished, beautiful, chance, transpire, pass. days: (n) period, life, time, age, bright, celebrated, brilliant, eminent, existence, generation, years, being, magnificent, super, great, splendid; (adj, v) illustrious. ANTONYMS: (adj) era, living, lifetime.

sorrowful, despicable, horrible, shameful, lowly. hand: (v) give, pass, commit, bestow, afford, communicate, consign; (n) deal, worker, aid, applause. ANTONYMS: (n) boss, foot; (v) take.

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GLOSSARY abase: (v) humble, humiliate, mortify, sink, demean, depress, shame, reduce; (n, v) disgrace; (adj, v) debase; (adj) snub abbey: (n) monastery, convent, church, priory, nunnery, friary, clergyman abject: (adj) contemptible, pitiful, low, wretched, despicable, sordid, base, mean, vile; (n) ignominious, dirty. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, hopeful, magnificent, esteemed, proud, dignified, commendable, noble, exalted, worthy, happy able: (adj) dexterous, competent, clever, ingenious, accomplished, gifted, effective, fit, expert; (adj, n) talented, efficient. ANTONYMS: (adj) incapable, incompetent, weak, untrained, inept, delicate, feeble, infirm, clumsy, ineffective, ineffectual abominable: (adj, v) odious, foul; (adj) abhorrent, detestable, dreadful, awful, execrable, terrible, loathsome, cursed, wicked. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, lovable, admirable, alluring, appealing, commendable, laudable, delightful, desirable, enjoyable, likable abortive: (adj) fruitless, useless, futile, unsuccessful, vain, ineffective, disastrous, idle, rudimental, embryonic, premature. ANTONYMS: (adj) successful, complete, productive, fruitful, efficient, effectual, consummated, effective abound: (v) swarm, teem, flow, overflow, burst; (n) exuberate, shower down, stream, rain, abundance; (adj) abundant. ANTONYM: (v) disperse above: (adv, prep) beyond, aloft, on, in excess of; (adv) up, supra, on top; (adj) preceding, former; (adj, prep) past; (prep) surpassing.

ANTONYMS: (prep) beneath, under, deficient, underneath; (adj) inferior, following abroad: (adj, adv) overseas, away; (adv) afield, forth, beyond seas, yonder, farther, at large, further; (adj) foreign, out. ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, nearby abuse: (n, v) affront, insult, outrage, reproach, harm, wrong; (v) mistreat, injure, violate; (adj, v) maltreat, profane. ANTONYMS: (n, v) respect; (v) compliment, protect, nurture, laud, honor, help, flatter; (n) compliments, kindness, flattery accept: (v) acknowledge, take, admit, recognize, yield, abide, accede, acquiesce, adopt, believe, assume. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, reject, deny, snub, renounce, oppose, resist, disbelieve, dispute, repudiate, quibble according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, equal, agreeable, harmonious, conformable, consistent, corresponding, respondent; (adv) correspondingly, accordingly accusation: (n) complaint, charge, accusal, blame, allegation, condemnation, insinuation, denunciation, indictment, inculpation, impeachment. ANTONYMS: (n) exoneration, argument, compliment accuse: (v) charge, incriminate, arraign, denounce, defame, criminate, indict, fault, betray, condemn, inculpate. ANTONYMS: (v) absolve, exculpate, exonerate, praise, support, clear accused: (n) panel, defendant, prisoner, respondent, suspect, suspected person accuser: (n) complainant, informer, disputant, controversialist, accusant, pursuer, delator, petitioner, prosecutor, claimant, appeacher

acquit: (adj, v) release; (v) exculpate, exonerate, discharge, excuse, clear, pardon, free, conduct, forgive, vindicate. ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, damn, censure, blame, sentence action: (n, v) achievement, deed; (n) battle, play, performance, movement, accomplishment, agency, activity, fight, effect. ANTONYMS: (n) inaction, inactivity, inactiveness, ambush, stillness active: (adj) diligent, lively, alert, strong, nimble, busy, live, effective, agile, alive; (adj, v) smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) dormant, sluggish, inactive, lethargic, idle, latent, sedentary, slow, extinct, passive, quiet acts: (n) Acts of the Apostles, revelations, Epistles, apocalypse, act, advanced communications technology satellite, evangelists, gospels adam: (n) ecstasy, x; (adj) sin adder: (n) snake, summer, computer, serpent, calculator, nadder, nedder, common viper admitted: (v) admitting, understood, of course; (adj) acknowledged, undisputed, known, orthodox advantage: (n) privilege, behalf, profit, good, preponderance, account, lead, virtue, expediency, perk; (n, v) boot. ANTONYMS: (n, v) disadvantage; (n) drawback, difficulty, detriment, hindrance, minus, restriction, obstacle, loss, inferiority, inconvenience advice: (n) warning, counsel, caution, report, exhortation, council, tidings, counselling, notice, intelligence, instruction. ANTONYMS: (n) misrepresentation, deceit, deception, lie, falsehood, betrayal, warning advised: (adj) studied, considered,

152 premeditated, deliberate, calculated, intended; (v) determinate, express, designed afar: (adv) off, away, far away, distantly, beyond, Afar off, in the distance, by far, apart; (adj) outlying, far. ANTONYMS: (adv) close, nearby, near; (prep) within affairs: (n) dealings, concern, circumstances, transaction, occupation, duty, matters, matter, personal business, gear, finances affect: (v) move, impress, pretend, act, strike, fake, feign, stir, dispose; (n) sentiment; (n, v) regard affected: (adj) unnatural, pretentious, stilted, pompous, pedantic, studied, feigned, pretended, factitious, exaggerated, strained. ANTONYMS: (adj) unchanged, natural, genuine, calm, modest, unswayed, untouched, untroubled, unmoved; (adv) modestly afflict: (n, v) pain, distress; (v) trouble, grieve, torment, hurt, strike, aggrieve, smite, bother, disturb. ANTONYMS: (v) aid, comfort, encourage, help, soothe affright: (v) frighten, scare, horrify, startle, terrorize, terrify, intimidate; (n) dread, alarm, fear; (n, v) fright afoot: (n) afloat, prevalent; (v) on foot, on the tapis, agoing; (adv) walking, abroach; (adj) underway, itinerant, current afraid: (adj) fearful, timid, shy, apprehensive, anxious, worried, scared, frightened, nervous, terrified; (adj, adv) cowardly. ANTONYMS: (adj) brave, venturesome, calm, confident, cool, courageous, eager, unafraid, valiant, bold, carefree again: (adv) more, then, repeatedly, anew, encore, furthermore, yet, also, often, once again, once more against: (adj, adv) counter; (prep) toward, versus, from; (pref) by; (v) oppose; (adv, prep) on; (n) opposition; (adj) unwilling, repugnant; (adv) athwart. ANTONYMS: (prep) for; (adj) eager agent: (n, v) broker, actor; (n) medium, deputy, mediator, instrument, factor, surrogate, attorney, channel, procurator. ANTONYMS: (n) principal, patriot agree: (v) admit, acknowledge, acquiesce, adjust, concord, bargain, suit, accede, harmonize, fit; (n, v) coincide. ANTONYMS: (v) oppose, differ, argue, refuse, object, refute,

King Henry VI, Part II conflict, fight, dispute, decline, contend agreed: (adj) unanimous, approved, set, united, in agreement, accepted, agreeable; (adv, int) all right; (int) okay; (v) content; (adv) no question. ANTONYMS: (adj) changing, individual alarum: (n) alarm, alert, bell, alarm bell, alarm-bell, alerts, beat of drum, cry, sound of trumpet, signaling, signal of distress alehouse: (n) beerhouse, tavern, pub, public house, saloon, taphouse, mughouse, bar; (v) change alexander: (n) Alexanders, horse parsley, black lovage alive: (adj) live, vivacious, living, sensible, delicate, snappy, animated, lively, spry, responsive; (n) life. ANTONYMS: (adj) deceased, inanimate, unanimated, dispirited, dull, inactive, lethargic, lifeless, listless, nonfunctioning, sluggish allay: (n, v) ease; (adj, v) still, quell, lay, appease, quiet; (v) abate, mitigate, moderate, quench, alleviate. ANTONYMS: (v) arouse, excite, heighten, intensify, magnify, provoke, stir, exacerbate, aggravate allegation: (n) accusation, statement, plea, claim, allegement, indictment, declaration, assertion, pretence, deposition; (v) affirmation allegiance: (n) adherence, dedication, devotion, faith, troth, faithfulness, commitment, fidelity, homage, constancy, fealty. ANTONYMS: (n) sedition, treason, betrayal, disobedience, enmity, treachery, indifference almighty: (adj) omnipotent, powerful, potent, great, supreme; (adj, n) divine; (n) lord, Jehovah, deity, God, godhead. ANTONYMS: (adj) ineffectual, insignificant, lay, powerless, lowly almost: (adj, adv, prep) about; (adj, adv) nearly, all but, near, nigh; (adv, prep) just about, approximately; (adv) just, mostly, virtually, most. ANTONYMS: (adv) surely, exactly, definitely, certainly aloft: (adj, adv) overhead; (adv) up, on high, over, aloof, upwards, uphill, above ground; (prep) upon; (adj) eminent, lofty alone: (adj) forlorn, individual, lonely, lonesome; (adj, adv) only, apart; (adv) solely, entirely, exclusively, separately, individually. ANTONYMS: (adj) overshadowed,

ordinary, mobbed, equaled, crowded, accompanied, common, grouped, surpassed; (adv) jointly; (n) foe along: (adv) ahead, alongside, forwards, forth, throughout, lengthwise, onward, before; (prep) beside, from; (n) at. ANTONYMS: (adv) across, separate, apart, far aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong, out, audibly, hard, forte. ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, inaudibly, quietly already: (adv) beforehand, previously, before, formerly, even now, just now, at present, once, heretofore, yet, in advance althaea: (n) hollyhock always: (adv) continuously, whenever, permanently, ever, usually, eternally, unceasingly; (adj) perpetual, still, eternal; (adj, adv) without exception. ANTONYMS: (adv) erratically, intermittently, temporarily ambassador: (n) emissary, minister, messenger, envoy, agent, delegate, representative, embassador, herald, ambassadress, deputy ambassadors: (n) ambassador ambition: (n) aim, hope, goal, drive, ambitiousness, wish, dream, purpose, target, objective, intention. ANTONYMS: (n) satisfaction, contentment, sloth, laziness, lethargy ambitious: (adj) eager, difficult, energetic, competitive, desirous, grandiose, enterprising, pushy, challenging; (adj, v) aspiring, vaulting. ANTONYMS: (adj) fulfilled, undemanding, unambitious, slothful, simple, satisfied, lazy, humble, facile, easy, content ambitiously: (adv) eagerly, aspiringly, challengingly, enterprisingly, difficultly, energetically, vaultingly, pretentiously, avidly, hopefully, desirously amiss: (adj, adv) wrong; (adj) bad, haywire, faulty, astray, guilty; (adv) badly, poorly, awry, wrongly, adrift. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) right; (adv) perfectly, properly, suitably, appropriately, correctly, well; (adj) okay, correct, good ancient: (adj) old, obsolete, antiquated, former, past, archaic, antique, primitive, bygone, hoary; (adj, n) elder. ANTONYMS: (adj)

William Shakespeare contemporary, young, recent, fresh, new, present, youthful, current anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, recently, over again, once more, once again, new; (adj) only yesterday, the other day, just now angry: (adj) anger, furious, provoked, incensed, vehement, fierce, irate, raging, maddened, shirty, indignation. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleased, gentle, joyful, content, euphoric, mild, happy, resigned, joyous, gleeful, quiet annoy: (v) pester, displease, anger, harass, bother, vex, aggravate, grate, molest; (n) annoyance; (n, v) afflict. ANTONYMS: (v) pacify, soothe, gratify, placate, comfort, encourage, delight anon: (adv) directly, immediately, early, readily, soon, instantly, again, forthwith, promptly, shortly, rath another: (adj) second, more, alternative, additional, new, further, fresh, extra; (adj, v) other; (adj, pron) some other; (n) the other. ANTONYMS: (n, pron) same answer: (n, v) respond, retort; (v) counter, serve, resolve, acknowledge, correspond; (n) solution, defence, return, reaction. ANTONYMS: (n, v) question; (v) ask, differ, fail, ignore; (n) request, problem, invitation, poison answers: (n) replies; (adj) answering anything: (adv) any, somewhat; (n) thing, aught, everything, something, any part; (adj) whatsoever; (pron) suchlike apart: (adj, adv) aloof; (adv) aside, asunder, especially; (adj) alone, distant, detached, isolated, only; (adj, v) separate; (v) segregate. ANTONYMS: (adv) adjoining, near, surrounded; (adj) connected, nearby apparel: (n, v) garb, attire, garment, array, vesture; (n) clothing, finery, costume, clothes; (v) adorn, clothe apparent: (adj, adv) visible; (adj) discernible, patent, plain, open, obvious, ostensible, clear, definite, evident, perceptible. ANTONYMS: (adj) unclear, real, obscure, mysterious, hidden, ambiguous, unlikely, questionable, uncertain, imperceptible, doubtful appellant: (adj) appellate; (n) litigator, complainant, petitioner, plaintiff, claimant, plaintiff in error, plaintiff in appeal, applicant, pursuer, accuser applied: (adj) pragmatic, useful,

used, concrete. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrelated, untested, unused, unenforced appointed: (adj) specified, prescribed, destined, ordained, fit, set, fitted, commissioned, nominated, designated; (v) appoint apprehended: (adj) arrested, seized, understood, under arrest, in custody, detained, appreciated, comprehended approach: (n) access, entry, means, advent, coming, entrance, arrival; (n, v) advance; (v) accost, address; (adv, v) near. ANTONYMS: (n) departure, withdrawal, leaving, distancing; (v) end, withdraw, finish, distance, depart, conclude, close argues: (v) argue armour: (n) armature, buckler, armour plate, cataphract armourer: (n) maker, manufacturer, artificer arms: (n) armament, coat of arms, weaponry, ammunition, shield, ordnance, order, munition, hardware, blazon; (adj) armed army: (n) troop, host, armed forces, battery, swarm, navy, multitude, force, flock; (adj, n) military; (adj) array arouse: (v) wake, stir, agitate, excite, awaken, stimulate, anger, kindle, provoke, raise; (n, v) rouse. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, dampen, stifle, sedate, quiet, pacify, bore, allay, lull, quench, suppress arrest: (n, v) halt, check, catch, capture, hold, collar; (n) apprehension, custody; (v) apprehend, retard, inhibit. ANTONYMS: (n, v) discharge; (v) liberate, promote, forward, encourage, activate, advance, prompt, help; (n) freeing, liberation arrested: (adj) apprehended, halted, backward, in remission, inactive, intermittent arrogant: (adj) imperious, proud, haughty, presumptuous, dogmatic, insolent, conceited, overbearing, hoity-toity, egotistical, domineering. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, unassuming, insecure, subservient, meek, considerate, deferential articles: (n) canons, articles of agreement, equipment, statute, doctrine, system of opinions, stock, school ashy: (adj) wan, ashen, pale, sallow, pallid, grey, livid, gray, cadaverous, pasty, white

153 aside: (adv) apart, away, beside, alongside, in reserve, off, abreast; (adj, adv) by; (n) digression, divagation, parenthesis. ANTONYMS: (adv) erectly, uprightly, vertically aspiring: (adj) aspirant, wishful, enterprising, envious, desirous, coming; (v) aspire, vaulting. ANTONYM: (adj) desperate assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch; (v) secure, persuade, satisfy, reassure, affirm, promise, ascertain; (adj, v) ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) alarm, disclaim, deny, disbelieve, undermine astonish: (adj, v) astound; (adj, n, v) surprise; (adj) astonishing, surprised; (v) flabbergast, daze, confound, dazzle, stun, alarm, nonplus. ANTONYMS: (v) expect, bore attainture: (n) attaintment attend: (n, v) tend, escort, nurse, conduct; (v) assist, serve, minister, aid, look, partake, follow. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, leave, ignore, disregard, desert, abandon attendance: (n) appearance, turnout, audience, attending, being there, hearing, tendance, retinue, attention, contribution, ministry. ANTONYM: (n) nonattendance attendant: (n) companion, follower, assistant, escort, subordinate, employee, guide, varlet; (adj) accompanying, concomitant, incidental. ANTONYMS: (n) superior, boss; (adj) absent, unrelated, significant attendants: (n) entourage, followers, retinue, tendance, persons present, suite attended: (adj) attent, fraught, tended to attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, wear; (n) costume, garment, outfit, clothes; (v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, strip, unclothe; (n) nakedness audacious: (adj) brash, arrogant, barefaced, bold, daring, impudent, intrepid, brave, shameless, enterprising, insolent. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, timid, cautious, polite, reserved, meek, humble, fearful, discreet, respectful aught: (n) nil, zero, anything, ought, cypher, nix, cipher, naught, null, zip; (adj) any augment: (v) amplify, add, enhance, enlarge, aggrandize, reinforce,

154 boost, expand, improve, intensify; (n, v) accrue. ANTONYMS: (v) reduce, decrease, attenuate, degrade, drop, diminish, undermine, minimize, lower aunt: (n) uncle, auntie, aunty, father's younger brother's wife, father's older brother's wife, mother's sister, kinswoman, nephew, niece, paternal aunt, maternal uncle's wife authority: (n) ascendancy, sanction, warrant, administration, authorization, professional, judge, hold, domination, dominance; (adj, n) rule. ANTONYMS: (n) novice, neophyte, weakness, apprentice, servility, servitude, refusal, powerlessness, insecurity, inferiority, indecisiveness avoid: (v) shun, parry, avert, escape, evade, ward off, duck, circumvent, prevent, ignore; (adj, v) eschew. ANTONYMS: (v) associate, tackle, face, validate, participate, invite, seek, embrace, court, permit, encourage await: (v) anticipate, abide, bide, tarry, wait, attend, look, hope, approach, loom, come on. ANTONYM: (v) doubt away: (adj, adv) abroad, absent; (adj, adv, int) out; (adj) distant; (adv) aside, aloof, afar, way, by, forth; (adv, int) off. ANTONYMS: (adj) adjacent, neighboring, nearby, near, close; (adv) intermittently, haltingly, discontinuously, in awful: (adj) fearful, dreadful, terrible, abominable, appalling, nasty, abhorrent, atrocious, bad, horrible, lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) excellent, wonderful, marvelous, great, lovely, nice, pleasant, beautiful, pleasing, good, minor awhile: (adj) in transitu, en passant; (adv) briefly awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy, embarrassing, uncomfortable, ungainly, untoward, crude, inept, sticky, left-handed, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy, adroit, manageable, straightforward, simple, dexterous, rotund, convenient, helpful, skillful babes: (n) babies, babe bade: (v) bid, command, bad badge: (n) sign, emblem, insignia, medal, token, plaque, symbol, logo, indication, identification, characteristic bail: (n) pledge, surety, security, handle, guarantee, bond, ballium,

King Henry VI, Part II assurance, undertaking; (v) deliver, consign bait: (v) badger, tease; (adj, v) molest, harass, harry; (n, v) lure, bribe; (n) decoy, snare, temptation, attraction. ANTONYMS: (v) repel, repulse, pacify, mollify, please balance: (n, v) counterbalance, adjust, poise, settle; (v) offset, compensate, contrast; (n) symmetry, Libra, remainder, excess. ANTONYMS: (v) unbalance, neglect, surmise, suppose, guess; (n) asymmetry, inequality, instability, irrationality, nervousness, bias baleful: (adj) baneful, destructive, sinister, harmful, pernicious, threatening, fatal, hurtful, inauspicious, maleficent, malevolent. ANTONYMS: (adj) benign, innocuous, harmless, favorable band: (n) cluster, set, party, swathe, lace, knot, collar, circle, strip, zone, company. ANTONYMS: (v) disperse, divide, scatter, disband bane: (n) poison, canker, anathema, toxicant, scourge, plague, curse, undoing, distress, blight, doom. ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, good, antidote banish: (v) dispel, expel, displace, relegate, oust, expatriate, eject, dismiss, transport, cast out; (adj, v) exile. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, embrace, adopt, invite, include banishment: (n) expulsion, ostracism, ouster, proscription, relegation, ejection, deportation, dismissal, expatriation; (adj, n) exclusion; (adj) excommunication barbarous: (adj) barbaric, savage, gothic, brutal, heathen, truculent, rude, fell, ferocious, fierce, uncivilized. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, cultured, civilized, sophisticated, refined, humane bare: (adj) naked, austere, bald, stark, bleak, exposed, desolate, plain; (adj, v) empty, vacant; (v) show. ANTONYMS: (adj) cultivated, ornate, concealed, elaborate, adorned, decorated, dressed, clothed, embellished; (v) cover, conceal bark: (n, v) skin, yelp, snarl, cry, rind, shout; (v) growl, roar; (n) bay, peel, crust. ANTONYMS: (n, v) whisper base: (adj) abject, mean, dishonorable, low, vile, ignoble, bad, contemptible; (n) foundation; (n, v) ground; (v) found.

ANTONYMS: (n) top, summit, frill, ceiling, apex; (adj) noble, honest, good, principled, grand, pleasant bastard: (adj, n) illegitimate, fake; (adj) spurious, phony, misbegotten, bastardly, adulterine, impure; (n) whoreson, love child, illegitimate child. ANTONYM: (adj) fathered battle: (n, v) fight, struggle, combat, contest, war, conflict, clash, brawl; (v) wrestle; (n) fighting, warfare. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, agreement, truce, concord, armistice, accord, surrender beadle: (n) verger, catchpoll, almoner, functionary, sacristan, sexton, janitor, Suisse, tipstaff, officer, George Wells beadle beam: (n) ray, timber, balance beam; (n, v) blaze, glow, flash, smile; (adj, v) shine; (v) grin, air, radiate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) scowl; (v) darken, dim, dull, frown; (n) darkness bear: (v) accept, take, stand, acquit, abide, allow, wear, comport, tolerate, convey, teem. ANTONYMS: (v) release, avoid, destroy, dodge, take, eradicate, evade, kill, refuse, erase; (n) bull beard: (v) defy, dare; (adj, v) brave; (adj, n) hair; (n) whiskers, moustache, sloven, facial hair; (n, v) camouflage, disguise, mask. ANTONYM: (n) shaven bearing: (n, v) demeanor; (n) manner, direction, deportment, conduct, attitude, aspect, approach, appearance, respect, air. ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance, irrelevance; (adj) nonbearing bears: (n) fissiped, badgers, Carnivora, order Carnivora beast: (n) animal, monster, swine, fiend, creature, scavenger, savage, critter, animate being, barbarian; (adj) bear. ANTONYM: (n) man beat: (n, v) pulse, throb, tick, flap, knock; (v) batter, whip, trounce, pulsate, bat; (n) round. ANTONYMS: (v) protect, help, divide, cede, aid, separate, surrender; (adj) invigorated, energized; (n) caress, pat beaten: (adj) overpowered, routed, conquered, overcome, prostrate, frothy, trounced, worsted; (v) beat, lose, fail. ANTONYMS: (adj) heartened, uplifted, triumphant, encouraged, loose beats: (n) beat, beatniks, Beat Generation

William Shakespeare beauteous: (adj) pretty, lovely, fair, comely, good-looking, handsome, stunning beautify: (v) ornament, embellish, decorate, deck, enhance, trim, garnish, gild, dress up, improve, bead. ANTONYMS: (v) deface, strip, mar, disfigure, uglify beauty: (n) attractiveness, beaut, charm, pulchritude, loveliness, exquisiteness, grace, grandeur, looker, good looks; (adj) beautiful. ANTONYMS: (n) hag, plainness, shortcoming, flaw, witch, dog, disadvantage, detraction, repulsiveness, eyesore, awkwardness become: (v) grow, suit, be, match, come about, arise, get, sit, to become, fall; (adj) becoming. ANTONYMS: (v) halt, stay, lower, stop, reduce, clash bedchamber: (n) bedroom, dormitory, room, sleeping room, master bedroom, boudoir bedlam: (n) chaos, madhouse, pandemonium, loony bin, turmoil, muddle, booby hatch, havoc, disturbance, disorder, mayhem. ANTONYMS: (n) order, peace, calm, quiet beef: (n, v) grumble, moan, grouse, squawk, groan; (n) complaint, ox, fuss, beeves; (v) grouch, complain. ANTONYMS: (n) impotence, praise; (v) rejoice beer: (v) wine, heavy wet, stingo, spirits; (n) lager, ale, brewage, malt liquor, suds, alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink befall: (v) bechance, become, happen, fall, arise, come about, occur, betide, chance, transpire, pass before: (adv) ahead, ago, in front, previously, already, forth; (adv, prep) fore, afore; (adj) preceding, prior; (adj, adv) earlier. ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) later, behind, afterward, after; (adv) subsequently, ahead; (adj) subsequent began: (v) Gan beggary: (n) poverty, want, begging, penury, pauperism, need, indigence, solicitation, misery, squalor, destitution begin: (v) commence, arise, initiate, become, enter, rise, originate, undertake, create, dawn, set out. ANTONYMS: (v) end, stop, cease, terminate, die, delay, complete, conclude

behead: (v) decollate, guillotine, cut, electrocute, bowstring, decapitation, head, kill, execute, murder, unhead beheaded: (adj) headless behind: (adj, n) back, rear; (adj, adv) backward, late; (adv) backwards, later, aback, beyond; (n) backside, can; (prep) abaft. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) early; (adv) fore; (adj) prompt behold: (v) see, view, contemplate, regard, perceive, observe, look, consider, discern, descry, watch. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, disregard, ignore, overlook believe: (n) belief, believing; (v) assume, conceive, consider, reckon, guess, accredit, to believe, understand; (n, v) trust. ANTONYMS: (v) distrust, doubt, question, suspect, reject, discredit, deny, despair believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful, basic cognitive process, gullible, Catholic, religious, loyal, certain, Christian, credent belike: (adv) probably, likely, presumably, perhaps, believably, in all probability bells: (n) addition, approval, matrimony, marriage, approbation, wedding belong: (v) appertain, pertain, lie, go, belong to, attach, dwell, consist, come, rank, stand. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, disagree, disassociate, leave, quit, differ belonging: (adj) appertaining, appertinent, apropos, apposite; (n) household, family, appendage, appurtenance, intimacy, commodity, closeness. ANTONYM: (n) antipathy below: (adv, prep) under, underneath; (adj) low; (adj, adv) after; (adv) down, infra, downstairs, at a lower place, downwards, down below; (prep) less than. ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) over; (prep) more; (adv) upstairs bend: (n, v) bow, turn, arch, arc, crook, twist, elbow; (adj, n, v) curve; (v) stoop, crouch; (adj, v) flex. ANTONYMS: (n, v) square; (v) align, unbend, leave bended: (adj) bent, bowed bent: (adj) curved, arched, deformed, crooked; (n) propensity, inclination, fancy, leaning, flair, gift, curvature. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, inability, aversion; (adj) undetermined, undecided, uncurved, uncaring, rigid, unbent

155 bereft: (adj, v) cut off; (adj) destitute, devoid, forlorn, void, deprived, lovelorn, grieving, deserted, insufficient; (v) reft. ANTONYMS: (adj) fulfilled, supplied, happy, consoled, satisfied berwick: (n) barton beseech: (v) beg, crave, implore, ask, request, adjure, pray, sue, appeal, solicit, plead. ANTONYMS: (v) give, offer, grant, reject besom: (n, v) broom; (n) brush; (v) sieve, screen, shovel, rake, filter, mop, riddle best: (adj, n) supreme, most, elite; (adj) superior, great, leading, choice, superlative; (v) beat, outdo; (adj, n, v) top. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) worst; (v) lose, surrender; (adj) minimum, lowest, least, inferior, incorrect, fewest; (n) loser; (adv) insincerely betake: (v) wend, apply, address, accost, get, obtain, refer, acquire, aim, beget, attach betide: (v) bechance, come, become, transpire, occur, happen, develop, arise, be, rise, break betray: (v) deceive, bewray, sell, grass, dupe, reveal, mislead, disclose, accuse, befool, bamboozle. ANTONYMS: (v) protect, undeceive, hide, defend, withhold better: (adj, v) improve, mend; (adj, adv, v) best; (v) recover, ameliorate, emend, reform, advance, enhance, surpass; (n) bettor. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) worse; (adj, n) inferior; (v) worsen, deteriorate; (adj) lesser, lower, tinier, ill, unhealthy, smaller, sicker beyond: (adj, prep) across; (adv, prep) above, without, besides, over; (adj, adv) further; (adv) away, by, more, farther, abroad. ANTONYMS: (prep) below; (adv) close, inside bill: (n, v) placard; (n) beak, card, advertisement, poster, invoice, receipt, act, bank note, check; (v) advertise. ANTONYM: (n) credit bills: (n) currency, folding money bird: (n) wench, poultry, fowl, girl, birdie, hen, chick, Bronx cheer, shuttlecock, archaeornis, archeopteryx birds: (n) aves, class Aves, Craniata, flora and fauna, natural world, nature, subphylum Craniata, Subphylum Vertebrata, Vertebrata, amphibians birth: (n) beginning, genesis, ancestry, descent, extraction, start, onset, parentage, origin; (v)

156 delivery; (n, v) parturition. ANTONYMS: (n) death, bereavement, ending, finale, finish, passing, end, decease, conclusion, demise birthright: (n) patrimony, inheritance, heritage, claim, right of primogeniture, tradition, legacy, demand, due, entitlement, heirloom bishop: (n) pontiff, primate, chessman, prelate, minister, metropolitan, Martin, lord; (v) wassail, flip, punch bite: (n, v) nip, cut, taste, hurt, pain; (v) pinch, chew, erode, gnaw, eat; (n) morsel. ANTONYMS: (n) lot, whole, mildness biting: (adj, v) acute, acrid, sarcastic, sharp, acrimonious, pungent, severe, cutting; (adj) acid, bitter, barbed. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, blunt, kind, bland, nice, soothing, sweet, hot, complimentary, faint, sympathetic blab: (v) tattle, chatter, tell on, mouth, clack, talk, prattle, gabble, reveal, gossip, twaddle black: (adj) sable, dark, ebony, colored, bleak, dirty, evil, nigger, darkie, unclean; (adj, n) blackamoor. ANTONYMS: (v) whiten; (adj) spotless, snowy, saintly, pale, optimistic, merry, light, angelic, ivory, bright blame: (v) arraign, chide; (n, v) reprimand, censure, attack, charge, reproach, rap, rebuke, fault; (n) onus. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) absolve, exonerate, commend, clear, acquit; (n) vindication, exoneration, honor, absolution, glory blameful: (adj) blamable, blameworthy, blameable, guilty, censorious, unholy, censurable, sinful blank: (adj) bare, empty, unfilled, pure, vacant, clean; (n) space, blankness, form, vacuity; (v) addle. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, expressive, used, understanding, thoughtful, incomplete, marked, filled, excited, lively, aware blasphemy: (n) profanity, desecration, violation, profanation, oath, irreverence, curse, profaneness, discourtesy, cursing, insult. ANTONYMS: (n) adoration, respect, reverence blasted: (adj) cursed, infernal, damned, goddamn, darned, damn, goddamned, blessed, deuced, blame, blamed

King Henry VI, Part II bleeding: (adj) bloody, gory, blasted; (n) haemorrhage, bloodletting, runout, cupping, leeches, venesection, phlebotomy; (v) bleed bless: (v) consecrate, celebrate, sanctify, anoint, eulogize, sign, praise, keep, grant, glorify; (n) blessing. ANTONYMS: (v) curse, condemn, disapprove, damn, disallow, deny blessed: (adj) happy, holy, cursed, sacred, damned, hallowed, blasted, fortunate, saintly, lucky, divine. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky, condemned, damned, disapproved, unhappy, unholy, secular blessings: (n) blessing, godsend blind: (n) curtain, shutter, veil, drape, awning, trick; (v) bedazzle, dazzle, daze; (adj) sightless; (adj, v) obscure. ANTONYMS: (adj) sighted, uncovered, understanding, sharp, seeing, revealed, quick, perceptive, open, controlled, cautious blinded: (adj) blindfolded, blinder, blindly, reckless, unsighted, blindfold, dizzy block: (n, v) arrest, barricade, stop, clog; (n) pad; (v) hinder, plug, encumber, lock, obstruct; (adj, n) lump. ANTONYMS: (v) free, unblock, open, remember, unclog, clear, release, promote, help, encourage; (n) opening blood: (n) birth, gore, nature, origin, kindred, lineage, descent, family, beau, pedigree; (adj) juice bloody: (adj) brutal, bleeding, ruddy, bloodthirsty, sanguineous, sanguine, savage, bloodstained, damned, raw; (adv) damn. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy, soft blow: (n) beat, knock, shock, wallop, gust, jolt; (adj, n, v) gasp, puff; (n, v) blast, slap; (v) squander. ANTONYMS: (n, v) calm; (v) save, conserve, store, stillness, inhale, come, arrive; (n) luck, comfort, caress blown: (adj) puffy, panting, swollen, winded, inflated, moving, high, haughty lofty, late; (v) puffing and blowing; (n) blowen blunt: (adj, v) dull, deaden; (adj) bluff, plain, direct, forthright, frank, candid, outspoken, round, abrupt. ANTONYMS: (v) hone, sharpen, point, accentuate, needle; (adj) devious, pointed, thoughtful, polite, guarded, gentle blur: (n, v) blemish, smudge, slur; (v) taint, smear, cloud, obscure, blear,

dim; (adj, v) daub; (adj, n) stain. ANTONYMS: (v) sharpen, accentuate, uncloud, purify, focus, define, cleanse, clean blush: (n, v) glow, color; (v) redden, crimson; (n) red, bloom, rosiness, ruddiness, redness; (adj) bashful; (adv) blushingly. ANTONYMS: (v) blanch, pale, blench; (n) paleness bode: (v) augur, portend, presage, foretell, foreshadow, betoken, bespeak, predict, signal, prognosticate, prophesy bodies: (n) people, public boding: (n) presentiment, premonition, foreboding, portent, augury, forewarning, hunch, apprehensiveness, apprehension body: (n) cadaver, corpse, organization, cluster, set, carcass, figure, consistency, aggregate, association; (adj, n) mass. ANTONYMS: (n) handful, mind, minority, soul, few bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious, manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless, spirited, heroic, daring, courageous, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid, modest, afraid, meek, shy, light, courteous, discreet, faint, fearful, abashed boldly: (adj, adv) courageously, valiantly, heroically; (adv) fearlessly, daringly, bravely, intrepidly, impudently, audaciously, shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS: (adv) discreetly, modestly, nervously, hesitantly, shyly, fearfully, meekly, submissively, secretly, respectfully, diffidently bolingbroke: (n) Henry Bolingbroke bones: (n) bone, frame, corpse, dry bones, framework, maraca, physician, finger cymbals, tymbal, wreck, timbrel bonny: (adj) fine, comely, bonnie, lovely, neat, beautiful, bunny, Idzo, pleasant, dainty, becoming book: (v) order, reserve, inscribe, apply, write; (n) account book, pamphlet, journal, volume; (n, v) list, record. ANTONYMS: (v) free, exonerate bookish: (adj) academic, studious, learned, literary, intellectual, educated, pedantic; (v) blue, solid, scholastic, profound books: (n) notebook, account, ledger, literature, accountancy boot: (n, v) kick; (n) boots, Wellingtons, bang, gain, jackboot, buskin, kicking, charge, shoe,

William Shakespeare bootikin born: (adj) native, natural, congenital, inbred, inborn, innate, inherent, untutored; (v) be born, to be born, arise. ANTONYMS: (adj) learned, unborn, acquired, trained borne: (adj) weak, wanting, spoony, soft, sappy, shallow, little, limited bosom: (n) heart, interior, boob, thorax, chest, bust, tit; (n, v) embrace; (v) cherish, hug; (adj) intimate. ANTONYMS: (n) outside, exteriority bought: (n) crook, hook bound: (n, v) leap, jump, border, bounce, limit, edge, vault, recoil; (n) boundary, barrier, compass. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, amble, crawl, limp, permit; (adj) permitted, released, unbound, allowed, unlikely brain: (n) mastermind, genius, head, mind, reason, wit, psyche, noddle, intelligence, nous, brains. ANTONYMS: (n) emotion, moron, body, dummy, imbecile, idiot, physicality brainsick: (adj) crazy, dizzy, thoughtless, mad, giddy, unhinged, disturbed, unbalanced, sick, muzzy, distracted brand: (n, v) mark, class; (adj, n, v) stigma; (adj, n) blot, stain; (n) type, blade, brand name, badge, kind, sort. ANTONYMS: (v) praise; (n) honor, glory brave: (adj, n) bold, hardy; (adj) audacious, fearless, courageous, virile, intrepid, valiant; (adj, v) endure; (v) defy, face. ANTONYMS: (adj) cowardly, frightened, pathetic, gutless, afraid, cautious, fainthearted, meek, mousy, nervous; (v) skip bravely: (adv) courageously, fearlessly, valiantly, boldly, intrepidly, dauntlessly, gallantly, audaciously, undauntedly, heroically, doughtily. ANTONYMS: (adv) timidly, fearfully, execrably, nervously brazen: (adj) audacious, impudent, brassy, insolent, bold, brash, impertinent, blatant, flagrant, forward, saucy. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, abashed, prudish, reserved, quiet, discreet, respectful, ashamed, veiled, modest breach: (n, v) break, rupture, fissure, split; (n) rift, opening, trespass, crack, infringement; (v) contravene, violate. ANTONYMS: (n) bridge,

connection, upholding, adherence, accord, mend; (v) obey, observe, seal, uphold, honor break: (n, v) crack, fracture, breach, burst, rupture, stop, pause; (n) interruption, respite, suspension; (v) infringe. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, honor, lose, make, observe, resume, stay, strengthen; (n, v) mend; (n) continuation, misfortune breakfast: (n) repast, banquet, dejeuner, mealtime, feast, meal; (v) sup, take tea, eat, have a meal, dine breaks: (n) lot, destiny, opportunity, chance breast: (n) boob, udder, tit, titty, chest, knocker, mammilla, bust, pap, heart; (n, v) front breastplate: (n) corselet, armour plate, armor plating, armor plate; (n, v) shield, bulletproof vest; (v) cuirass, mask, gauntlet, apron, armored vest breasts: (n) chest, booby breath: (n) wind, air, inspiration, puff, soul, aspiration, respite, airflow; (v) breathe, respire; (adj, n) whisper breathe: (n, v) respire, subsist, imply; (n) breath, bespeak; (adj, n, v) live; (v) exhale, exist, emit, rest, be. ANTONYMS: (v) suffocate, hide, choke, asphyxiate, drain, die, inhale breathing: (adj) animate, live, living, respiratory, alive, above ground; (v) breathe, respire; (n) respiration, instant, moment. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate, breathless, dead breathless: (adj, adv) out of breath; (adj) panting, inanimate, breathtaking, winded, choking, puffing; (v) all agog, aghast; (adj, n) eager; (n) in hysterics. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, expected, boring bretagne: (n) Brittany brethren: (n) congregation, assembly, brother, people, laity, family, flock, fold bribe: (n) bribery, boodle, lure, payment, payoff; (v) corrupt, fix, pay off, pervert, blackmail; (n, v) reward brick: (n) adobe, block, rough diamond, ugly duckling, lump, unit, red; (adj) trump, concrete; (v) pot, terra cotta bricklayer: (n) builder, mason, architect, artificer, artist, craftsman, forger, journeyman, smith, Wright, Vulcan bricks: (n) walk, highway bride: (n) fiance, Bridget, Brigid, saint

157 Brigid, saint Bridget, honeymooner, prioress, newlywed, participant, wife, bridegroom. ANTONYMS: (n) bridegroom, groom bridge: (n, v) span, stretch; (n) pontoon, tie, nosepiece, footbridge, crossing; (v) bridge over, connect, link, traverse. ANTONYMS: (n) split, separation, chasm, break, division; (v) unlink, detach, disjoin bridle: (n, v) curb, check, control, snaffle, rein, leash; (n) arrest, reins, brake; (v) inhibit, contain. ANTONYMS: (v) unbridle, unharness, release bring: (v) convey, get, take, bear, carry, put, conduct, return, reduce, set, bring in. ANTONYMS: (v) drop, free, leave, lose, remove, avoid bringing: (n) delivery, consignment, serving, service, passage, post broached: (adv) astir, afoot broke: (adj) bankrupt, poor, insolvent, impecunious, penniless, impoverished, skint, bust, destitute, strapped, ruined. ANTONYMS: (adj) solvent, wealthy, affluent broken: (adj) torn, tame, damaged, intermittent, uneven, imperfect, rugged, rough, out of order; (adj, v) busted, ruined. ANTONYMS: (adj) unbroken, intact, wild, whole, working, uplifted, uninterrupted, triumphant, running, indomitable, incessant brood: (n, v) breed; (v) sulk, think, incubate; (n) offspring, issue, progeny, young, posterity, family; (adj, n) herd. ANTONYMS: (v) reassure, delight, console brook: (v) endure, abide, stomach, stand, tolerate, digest, suffer, support, undergo; (n, v) creek; (n) stream. ANTONYMS: (v) spurn, resist, reject, prohibit brother: (n) fellow, blood brother, associate, counterpart, crony, comrade, buddy, peer, chum, sidekick, monk. ANTONYMS: (n) enemy, opposer, opponent brow: (n) peak, brink, brows, height, summit, forehead, eyebrow, edge, crown, brim, border. ANTONYM: (n) trough brown: (adj, n) brunette; (adj) tanned, swarthy, dark; (v) sear, cook, fry; (n) tan, coffee, brownness, mahogany brows: (n) brow brush: (n, v) broom, touch, kiss; (v) sweep, polish, graze, clean; (n) brushwood, conflict, copse, encounter

158 brutus: (n) Marcus Junius Brutus buckram: (adj) stiff, starchy, besotted, formal, blotto, blind drunk; (v) formality, stiffness, stiffen; (n) fabric, cloth bucks: (n) money, cash build: (n, v) make, shape; (v) erect, establish, raise, rise, found, base, fabricate, fashion; (n) frame. ANTONYMS: (v) destroy, dismantle, raze, overturn, obliterate, decrease, decelerate, ruin, disassemble buildings: (n) edifice, construction, lane, passage, place, property, quad, quadrangle, parade, rents, road built: (v) establish, create; (adj) made, shapely, robust, curvaceous, reinforced, improved, heavy, buxom, assembled burden: (n, v) bother, weight, pack, burthen, trouble, clog, strain; (n) anxiety, bale, responsibility; (v) afflict. ANTONYMS: (v) relieve, lighten, free, disburden, alleviate, relax; (n, v) help; (n) tranquility, relaxation, peace, pleasure burn: (adj, v) glow; (n, v) bite, fire, sunburn; (v) sting, scorch, incinerate, blaze, flare, ignite, cremate. ANTONYMS: (v) smother, give, subdue, help, quench, repay, stifle, extinguish, wet burning: (adj) blazing, ablaze, boiling, afire, flaming, hot; (n) combustion, firing; (adj, n) passionate, zealous, glowing. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, trivial, cool, out, painless, quenched, soothing, unimportant, apathetic, insignificant, unconcerned burnt: (adj) adust, heated, baked, torrid, sunburnt, seared, scorched, well done, tempered, overdone, combust. ANTONYMS: (adj) underdone, unburned, wet bury: (v) inter, overwhelm, lay to rest, hide, mask, secrete, conceal, cloak, entomb, suppress; (n) burial. ANTONYMS: (v) exhume, unearth, uncover, dig, disclose, distract, expose, ignore, reveal, air, remember burying: (n) entombment, inhumation bush: (n) shrub, wild, jungle, hedge, outback, scrub, heath, plant, thicket, wilderness, chaparral bushes: (n) underbrush, thicket, undergrowth, minor league business: (n) subject, matter, event, vocation, job, profession, affair,

King Henry VI, Part II work, corporation, occupation; (adj, n) trade. ANTONYMS: (adj) charitable, private; (n) pleasure, avocation, fun, entertainment, hobby busy: (adj) brisk, engaged, assiduous, occupied, agile, meddlesome, industrious, crowded, officious, live; (v) occupy. ANTONYMS: (adj) free, inactive, dodging, available, deserted, lazy, quiet, still, unengaged, avoiding, empty butcher: (v) slaughter, kill, murder, slay; (n, v) massacre, botch; (n) assassin, bungler, slaughterer, meatman, murderer. ANTONYMS: (v) develop, create, grow, build buzz: (n, v) rumor, call, ring, hiss, drone, gossip, purr, whisper, murmur; (n) report, hearsay. ANTONYM: (n) bore caesar: (n) dictator, Gaius Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar, king cage: (n, v) jail; (n) basket, birdcage, hutch, gaol, frame, corral, cell; (v) confine, imprison, enclose. ANTONYMS: (v) release; (n) freedom, liberation calculate: (v) estimate, compute, add, account, appraise, gauge, cipher, reckon, enumerate, forecast, guess. ANTONYMS: (v) suppose, doubt, estimate calf: (n) calves, calfskin, sura, foal, shorthorn, pup, kitten, colt, leather, kid, box calf call: (n, v) appeal, shout, bellow, name, yell, howl, request, appoint; (v) bid, summon; (n) call option. ANTONYMS: (v) whisper, mutter, cancel, listen, stop, suppose, murmur; (n) dismissal, give, grant, silence called: (adj) named, titled, chosen, known as; (v) nempt, ycleped calling: (n) business, occupation, call, avocation, job, trade, career, employment, walk, pursuit; (n, v) profession. ANTONYMS: (n) entertainment, hobby calls: (n) securities, puts, bonds, preferred stock, common stock calm: (adj, n, v) assuage, appease, lull; (adj, v) cool, pacify, peaceful, easy, steady; (adj, adv, n, v) still; (n, v) allay; (v) mollify. ANTONYMS: (adj) agitated, wild, stormy, nervous, angry, scared, terrified, tense; (v) agitate, provoke; (adj, v) upset cambridge: (n) Cambridge university came: (v) arrive, come

canker: (n) cancer, corruption, blight; (v) corrode, erode; (adj, n) rot; (adj, v) pollute, vitiate; (adj) contaminate, poison, taint. ANTONYMS: (v) help, protect cannon: (n) clash, carom, gun, shank, basilisk, gun of position, carambole, carronade, culverin, field piece, howitzer caper: (n, v) skip, bound, frolic, hop, romp, leap, play, gambol; (n) prank, joke, antic. ANTONYM: (v) restrain capital: (adj, n) principal, primary, main; (n) city, stock, funds, money, wealth, means; (adj) great, magnificent. ANTONYMS: (adj) extra, worst, unimportant, poor, nonessential, minor, inferior; (n) minuscule, liabilities, poverty captain: (n) head, master, leader, guide, commodore, commander, boss, skipper, chieftain; (v) govern, manage. ANTONYM: (n) minion captivity: (n) incarceration, imprisonment, internment, slavery, thralldom, thrall, thraldom, limbo, restraint, fetters, enslavement. ANTONYMS: (n) release, emancipation, liberty cardinal: (adj) capital, fundamental, central, main, key, chief, primal; (adj, n) paramount, essential, vital, radical. ANTONYMS: (adj) secondary, inessential, insignificant, minor, ordinal, unimportant care: (adj, n, v) anxiety; (n, v) attention, charge, worry; (n) caution, bother, concern, apprehension, aid, custody; (v) attend. ANTONYMS: (n) carelessness, recklessness, thoughtlessness, rashness, negligence, vagueness, unconcern; (n, v) disregard, dislike; (v) loathe, abhor carrion: (n) carcass, offal, dead body, corpse, filth, ket, any filth, caroigne; (adj) garbage carry: (v) convey, bring, take, conduct, acquit, behave, accept, transport, comport, hold, pack. ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, lose, censor, fail, hold, conceal carrying: (n) transport, conveyance, carriage, transportation, haulage, hauling, shipping; (adj) bearing, gerent; (v) convey, bring case: (n) example, box, bin, cover, jacket, shell, bag, affair, briefcase, business; (adj, n) eccentric cast: (n, v) throw, stamp, form, fling, shape, figure; (v) shed, pitch, chuck; (n) casting, appearance.

William Shakespeare ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, receive, subtract, reject, take, gather, catch, retain, keep castle: (n) fortification, stronghold, castling, fort, palace, mansion, tower, house; (n, v) fortress, citadel, keep. ANTONYMS: (n) shack, cottage catch: (n, v) capture, hook, haul, hitch, trick, grab, snatch; (v) get, apprehend, intercept; (n) pawl. ANTONYMS: (n, v) release; (v) misunderstand, unhitch, mistake, Miss, misinterpret, free, give, lose; (n) advantage, boon cathedral: (n) church, temple, place of worship, house of worship; (adj) authoritative, parochial, official, cathedralic cause: (n) case, action, account; (n, v) occasion, allow; (v) breed, do, induce, beget, motivate, provoke. ANTONYMS: (n) effect, result, outcome; (v) foil, deter, forestall, prevent, stop, halt, quell, retard cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, terminate, break, break off, close, conclude, discontinue, abstain. ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, commence, persist, stay cedar: (n) true cedar, pahautea, kawaka, deodar, cedar tree censure: (n, v) accuse, reprimand, reproach, attack, animadversion, abuse; (n) accusation, condemnation; (v) carp, condemn, berate. ANTONYMS: (v) approve, commend, allow, endorse, laud, permit, sanction; (n) approval, blessing, commendation; (n, v) compliment certain: (adj) definite, sure, assured, absolute, reliable, indisputable, dependable, unquestionable, undeniable, unavoidable, unequivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) unsure, doubtful, questionable, hesitant, debatable, erratic, faulty, indistinct, vague, doubting, undecided chafe: (v) rub, irritate, provoke, nettle, annoy, gall, grate, abrade, anger, rile, graze. ANTONYMS: (v) cool, pacify, soothe, protect, relieve, appease, smooth chair: (n, v) chairman; (n) bench, president, chairperson, throne, couch, armchair, electric chair, chairwoman; (v) moderate, lead chalky: (adj) cretaceous, calcareous, candid, pale, powdery, white, achromatic, bloodless, cloudy,

opaque, crumbly chamber: (n) hall, bedchamber, cavity, cell, council, compartment, assembly, apartment, ventricle, dormitory, cubicle champion: (n) partisan, backer, hero, fighter, champ, warrior, victor, defender; (adj, n) ace; (n, v) support; (v) defend. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, counter; (n) loser, detractor, attacker, opponent; (adj) worst, poorest, lousy chance: (n, v) hazard, adventure, risk, venture, bet; (n) fortune, probability, opportunity; (adj) accidental; (adj, n) contingency; (v) befall. ANTONYMS: (adj) intentional, deliberate, designed, arranged, planned, foreseeable; (n, v) plan; (n) predictability, misfortune, certainty; (v) protect change: (n, v) shift, barter, twist, cash; (v) alter, alternate, adapt, convert; (n) alteration, modification, variation. ANTONYMS: (v) leave, maintain, idle, hold, establish, standardize; (n) stability, bills, constancy, preservation, uniformity channel: (n, v) canal, conduct; (n) conduit, groove, trough, waterway, drain, line, passage; (v) carry, convey. ANTONYMS: (v) keep; (n) ridge chaps: (n) chops, fauces, crack characters: (n) letters, typescript, typeset, symbols, script, lettering, inscription, handwriting, font, cast, writing charge: (n, v) blame, care, burden, commission, command, attack, bill, load, tax; (n) accusation; (v) bid. ANTONYMS: (v) request, discharge, plead, beg, compensate, aid, credit, calm; (n, v) retreat, absolve, unload charges: (n) expenditure, dues charity: (n) dole, favor, aid, liberality, generosity, kindness, alms, mercy, virtue; (v) almsgiving; (adj, n) brotherly love. ANTONYMS: (n) intolerance, meanness, unkindness, cruelty, malice, stinginess, cheapness, nastiness, inhumanity charles: (n) Jacques Charles, prince Charles, Jacques Alexandre Cesar Charles, Charles river charm: (n, v) allure, captivate, appeal, spell, fascinate, bewitch, conjure; (adj, v) attract; (n) amulet; (v) enchant, entrance. ANTONYMS: (n) ugliness, repulsion, repulsiveness, awkwardness, hatefulness, unpleasantness; (v) repulse, offend,

159 irritate, disgust, bore chase: (v) pursue, trail, follow, track, stalk, expel, banish, go after; (n, v) hunt, search; (n) game. ANTONYMS: (v) escape, lead, find, precede cheap: (adj) tacky, low, stingy, base, flashy, worthless, sleazy, shabby, niggardly, mean, economical. ANTONYMS: (adj) expensive, costly, tasteful, generous, luxurious, quality, noble, inflated, precious, dear, steep cheek: (n) audacity, nerve, brass, boldness, impertinence, face, lip, mouth, gall, insolence, impudence. ANTONYMS: (n) respect, cowardice, timidity, humbleness, meekness, reticence, seriousness; (v) praise cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet cheerful: (adj, v) buoyant; (adj) breezy, merry, optimistic, pleasant, glad, blithe, carefree, bright, lively, happy. ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, gloomy, sad, depressing, grim, hopeless, miserable, morose, somber, dejected, unwelcoming cheese: (n) cheddar, cottage cheese, blue cheese, brick cheese, Brie, Camembert, Cheddar cheese, cheeseflower, bleu, Edam, exaggeration cherish: (v) care for, nurture, treasure, entertain, cultivate, bosom, prize, esteem, harbor; (n, v) hug, foster. ANTONYMS: (v) hate, scorn, reject, denounce, despise, neglect chicken: (n) fowl, hen, broiler, coward, cock, poultry, weakling, nestling; (adj) yellow, fearful, chicken-hearted. ANTONYM: (n) daredevil chide: (n, v) censure, reprimand, blame; (v) rebuke, admonish, chasten, lecture, scold, reproach, chastise, reprove. ANTONYMS: (v) praise, laud, commend, compliment, approve childish: (adj) childlike, naive, babyish, immature, simple, puerile, infantile, juvenile, silly, frivolous, young. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible, old, wise, adult, jaded children: (n) child, offspring, descendant, family, seed, boy, babies, descendants, birth, relatives, people chimney: (n) fireplace, smokestack, shaft, flue, hearth, vent, lamp chimney, chimneys, nostril, throat,

160 weasand choicely: (adv) excellently, favoritely, exquisitely, finely, rarely, pickedly, electly, preciously, selectedly, superiorly, exclusively choke: (v) asphyxiate, block, stifle, back up, clog up, gag, suffocate, foul, strangle, smother, obstruct. ANTONYMS: (v) free, open, release, unblock choler: (n) anger, bile, resentment, rage, madness, dander, spleen, petulance, indignation, irritability, ire choose: (v) adopt, elect, select, pick, prefer, take, appoint, assign, decide, excerpt; (n) picking. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, waver, decline, forgo, spurn, dislike, elect chop: (n, v) chip, slice, cut; (v) mince, slash, whittle, hash, hack, cleave, hew, chop up chosen: (adj, n) elect; (adj) preferred, select, favored, named; (adj, v) designate, desired, designated; (n) deary, ducky, dearie. ANTONYMS: (adj) ignored, involuntary christ: (n) Jesus, Messiah, rescuer, word, Christly, deliverer, God the Son, redeemer, Good Shepherd, Jesus of Nazareth, logos christendom: (n) apostleship, church, hierarch, priesthood, Christianism, church government, ministry, prelacy christian: (adj) Catholic, scriptural, pietist, monotheistic, divine, evangelical, Christianly, moral, theist; (n) Christianity, devotee church: (n) cathedral, abbey, chapel, meetinghouse, denomination, minster, place of worship, kirk, Fane, Christian church, Christianity churchman: (n) clergyman, ecclesiastic, chaplain, parson, pastor, minister, priest, cleric, clergy, rector, hierophant churl: (adj, n) niggard; (n) peasant, clown, curmudgeon, crosspatch, skinflint, countryman, tyke, tike, scrooge; (adj) miser. ANTONYMS: (n) aristocrat, gentleman circle: (n) association, field, range, beat, set; (n, v) ring, band, compass, turn, whirl; (v) encircle circuit: (n, v) circle, tour, trip, journey, excursion; (n) beat, area, round, district, perimeter, cycle citizens: (n) people, population, inhabitants, populace, public, commonwealth, country, the general public, the public, the populace

King Henry VI, Part II city: (adj) municipal, urban, civic, public; (n) borough, the City, burgh, village, metropolis, municipality, state. ANTONYMS: (adj) suburban, country, private civil: (adj) courteous, civic, gracious, affable, obliging, municipal, mannerly, public, civilised, courtly, domestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) abrupt, impolite, critical, unrefined, sidereal, uncivil, unkind, barbaric, discourteous, private claim: (n, v) call, charge, need, requisition; (n) allegation, privilege; (v) assert, exact, ask, want, arrogate. ANTONYMS: (v) disclaim, forfeit, waive, question, lose, grant, refute, request; (n) denial, disclaimer, response clamour: (n) clamoring, hue and cry, clamouring, blare, bedlam, uproar, vociferation, tumult, hubbub, exclamation; (v) utter clarence: (n) whisky, Victoria, phaeton, mail phaeton, landau, drag, coach, chariot, brougham, break, barouche claret: (v) cider, Brazil tea, ice water; (n) blood, red wine, Bordeaux, red; (adj) dark red, burgundy, cherry, crimson clay: (n) soil, remains, adobe, loam, dust, dirt, mud, bentonite, ashes; (adj, n) pottery; (adj) earthen clean: (adj, adv) fair; (v) cleanse, brush, bathe, disinfect; (adj) antiseptic, blank, pure, chaste, unblemished; (n, v) wash. ANTONYMS: (adj) filthy, unclean, muddy, unhygienic, tainted, unwholesome, syrupy, full; (v) soil, contaminate, pollute clear: (adj) clean, certain, distinct; (adj, v) acquit, absolute, free, net, absolve, empty; (adj, n) open; (v) exculpate. ANTONYMS: (adj) opaque, cloudy, incomprehensible, uncertain, dark, hazy, vague, fuzzy, obscure, confused, puzzling cleft: (adj, n) split; (n) fissure, cleavage, crevice, rift, fracture, aperture, breach, chap, chink, crack. ANTONYM: (adj) united clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary, transcriber; (n) servant, shop assistant, salesclerk, employee, accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener, scribe clerkly: (adj) clerical climb: (v) ascend, arise, scale, escalate, go up, scramble; (n, v) clamber, mount, increase; (n) ascent,

jump. ANTONYMS: (n, v) drop; (n) descent; (v) wane, dismount, plummet climbing: (n) climb, ascension, mounting, mountain climbing, mountaineering, rock climbing, acclivity; (v) ascending, uprise, arise; (adj) scandent cloak: (n, v) veil, mask, camouflage, wrap, masquerade, screen, pall; (n) cape; (v) conceal, dissemble, hide. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, uncloak, unmask; (n, v) uncover close: (n, v) end, stop, finish; (adj, adv, prep) nearby; (adj, adv) adjacent, tight; (adj, v) compact, approximate; (adj) accurate; (adv, prep) by; (n) conclusion. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) open; (n, v) start; (adj) distant, airy, loose, fresh, far, inaccurate, unfamiliar; (v) begin, unlock closet: (n) cupboard, cubicle, cell, latrine, bathroom, wardrobe, water closet; (adj) clandestine, confidential, secret, private. ANTONYM: (adj) open clothier: (n) milliner, sempstress, merchandiser, snip, costumier, tailor, haberdasher clouds: (n) exhaust, fumes, gas, smoke, vapors cloudy: (adj) dull, gloomy, nebulous, murky, dark, turbid, foggy, muddy, misty, sunless, vaporous. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, bright, sunny, cloudless clown: (n) fool, joker, jester, boor, harlequin, joke, comedian, rustic, comic, acrobat; (v) antic coals: (n) ashes, fire, residue, embers coast: (n) shore, bank, seaside, beach, seashore, waterside, brink; (n, v) slide, glide; (adj) coastal; (v) drift. ANTONYMS: (v) bump, lurch, struggle; (n) inland, Midlands coat: (v) cloak, blanket; (n, v) sheath, plaster; (n) coating, fur, film, crust, jacket, layer, bark. ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, expose coin: (v) invent, mint, originate, create, strike, cast; (n, v) forge; (n) specie, money, penny, piece cold: (n) chilliness, chill; (adj) chilly, frigid, distant, indifferent, aloof, callous, icy, apathetic, impassive. ANTONYMS: (adj) warm, friendly, hot, prepared, burning, affectionate, loving, soporific, fervid; (n) heat, warmth collect: (v) gather, amass, accumulate, pick, aggregate,

William Shakespeare congregate, acquire, harvest, accrue, pick up, cull. ANTONYMS: (v) distribute, scatter, spread, lose, give, divide, dispense, disband, compensate, need, dispatch college: (adj, n) school; (n) academy, Alma mater, association, institute, society, institution, university, academe; (adj) collegiate, academic colour: (n) coloration, coloring, colors, semblance, vividness, pretext, pretence, colouring, guise; (v) redden, discolor. ANTONYMS: (n) colorlessness; (v) discolor colours: (n) banner, ensign, emblem, colour, colouring, standard, flag, color, tone combat: (n, v) fight, clash, encounter, conflict, war; (n) contest, action, brawl, fighting, fray, hostility. ANTONYMS: (n) peace; (v) cooperate, agree, pacify, surrender, compromise, favor comfort: (n, v) ease, allay, support, aid, alleviate; (n) consolation, relief, amenity, assistance; (adj, n, v) assuage; (v) cheer. ANTONYMS: (n) discomfort, aggravation, agony; (v) alarm, annoy, frighten, afflict, aggravate, bother, burden, disappoint coming: (n) advent, approach, appearance, arrival, return; (adj, n) approaching; (adj) forthcoming, imminent, future, impending; (adj, v) instant. ANTONYMS: (n) departure, exit, leaving, departing; (adj) distant, retreating, past command: (n, v) order, charge, call, control, decree; (n) instruction, bidding, direction, behest; (v) direct, commission. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, follow, contradict, countermand, revoke, recall, oppose; (n) beg, plead, plea commanded: (adj) lawful commend: (v) approve, exalt, acclaim, praise, applaud, recommend, endorse, entrust, extol, compliment, cite. ANTONYMS: (v) rebuke, criticize, censure, reproach, keep, chastise, reprimand, deny, disparage, refuse, smear comment: (n) annotation, commentary, critique, note, explanation, interpretation, mention; (n, v) remark, gloss, censure, notice. ANTONYM: (n) confirmation commission: (n) mission, job, delegation, mandate, appointment, work; (n, v) warrant, assign; (v) accredit, designate, entrust.

ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, retract; (n) salary commit: (v) consign, assign, charge, confide, dedicate, apply, entrust, submit, intrust, leave, give. ANTONYMS: (v) stop, desist, divest, end, idle, withhold, wait, cease, keep, refuse commodities: (n) goods, merchandise, products, good, commodity, property, cargo, wares, chattels; (adj) ware, cautious common: (adj) coarse, mutual, vulgar, mean, mediocre, ignoble, plebeian, base; (adj, n) cheap, habitual; (adj, n, v) usual. ANTONYMS: (adj) uncommon, rare, unusual, characteristic, specific, unique, extraordinary, exclusive, aristocratic, infrequent, refined commons: (v) keep, feed, ration; (n) common land, commonality, commonalty, lea, ley, pastureland, fare, diet commonweal: (n) good, commonwealth commonwealth: (n) nation, state, country, body politic, province, society, kingdom, community, land, republic, power commotion: (n) tumult, ado, disturbance, turmoil, stir, din, flurry, fuss, bedlam, tempest; (n, v) agitation. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, order, calm, serenity, calmness, stillness, quiet, tranquility, inactivity companion: (adj, n) associate; (n) colleague, buddy, mate, peer, chum, partner, fellow, comrade, assistant, brother. ANTONYMS: (n) foe, stranger, adversary company: (adj, n) society, business; (n) band, association, collection, cohort, brigade, troop, club, partnership; (v) accompany. ANTONYMS: (n) isolation, enmity, host, hostess, absence compass: (n) scope, range, room, extent, area, circumference, reach; (n, v) round, grasp, circle; (v) get. ANTONYM: (v) lose complete: (adj, v) perfect, consummate; (adj, n) absolute, stark; (v) achieve, finish, accomplish, execute; (adj, n, v) close; (adj) whole, full. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfinished, partial, abridged, sketchy, shortened, lacking, qualified, narrow, missing; (v) neglect, start complot: (n, v) cabal; (n) conspiracy, plot, intrigue, complicity, machination; (v) collude, adjure,

161 machinate, conjure, call down compound: (n, v) blend, mix, compromise; (adj, n) complex, composite; (v) combine, amalgamate; (n) mixture, amalgam, combination, concoction. ANTONYMS: (v) divide, separate, simplify, unmix; (n) element; (adj) few conclude: (n, v) complete; (v) finish, gather, end, settle, resolve, terminate, determine, accomplish, cease, assume. ANTONYMS: (v) start, begin, commence, open, unsettle, prolong, wait, hesitate, introduce, delay, postpone concluded: (adj, adv) finished, done, completed, ended; (adj) over, closed, terminated, accomplished, all over, consummate, set condemn: (v) censure, reproach, castigate, attaint, deplore, sentence, excoriate, upbraid, knock, doom, criticize. ANTONYMS: (v) praise, approve, commend, free, pardon, absolve, acquit, clear, exonerate, release, support condign: (v) merited, deserved, richly deserved; (adj) suitable, opportune, just, due, rightful, right, proper, apt conduct: (v) bring, direct, carry, show; (n, v) act, administration, manage, administer, carriage, bearing; (adj, v) acquit. ANTONYMS: (v) mismanage, leave, follow conduit: (n) canal, channel, aqueduct, tube, duct, watercourse, drain, vas, culvert, dike, ditch conference: (n) meeting, colloquy, council, interview, consultation, negotiation, talk, discussion, congress, sitting, session confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit, avow; (v) concede, profess, recognize, divulge, disclose, reveal, receive. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, hide, dispute, conceal, repress, harbor conflict: (adj, n, v) clash; (n) combat, battle, contention, dispute, struggle, antagonism, strife, scuffle; (n, v) contest, encounter. ANTONYMS: (n) accord, peace, harmony, ease, amity, calm, consent; (v) agree, concur, match, harmonize confusion: (n) commotion, chaos, disarray, bedlam, pandemonium, disorder, disturbance, distraction, clutter, tumult, agitation. ANTONYMS: (n) clarity, understanding, tidiness,

162 systematization, enlightenment, peace, organization, lucidity, neatness, space, calm conjure: (v) invoke, entreat, arouse, juggle, bewitch, beseech, bid, conjure up, evoke, implore, bring up conjurer: (n) performer, illusionist, conjuror, wizard, juggler, prestidigitator, sorcerer, conjure man, necromancer, enchanter, pythonist conquer: (n, v) capture; (v) subdue, vanquish, surmount, suppress, subjugate, overcome, overpower, quell, prevail; (adj, v) defeat. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, yield, succumb, retreat, forfeit, fall, bow, resist, fail, submit, incite conquest: (n) defeat, triumph, conquering, achievement, reduction, coup, rout, overthrow, subjection, mastery, success. ANTONYMS: (n) failure, defeat, loss, victory conscience: (n) moral sense, Conscience money, sense of right and wrong, scruple, intention, tender conscience, small voice, principles, morals, morality, inward monitor. ANTONYM: (n) indifference consent: (adj, n, v) accord; (n, v) acquiescence, agreement; (v) concur, approve, agree, acquiesce, accept; (n) consensus, approval; (adj, v) allow. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, reject, protest, object, differ, oppose; (n, v) veto; (n) refusal, opposition, dissent, disagreement consort: (n, v) associate, husband; (n) companion; (v) agree, affiliate, assort, accord, mix, keep company, socialize, group. ANTONYMS: (v) disagree, estrange, differ, dissociate, avoid; (n) foe, rival, antagonist, enemy consult: (v) consider, negotiate, deliberate, advise, refer, discuss, ask, reason, look up, canvass; (n, v) talk. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, bypass contagious: (adj) catching, communicable, pestiferous, transmissible, epidemic, transmittable, poisonous, spreading, pestilent; (n) infection; (v) infect. ANTONYMS: (adj) noncontagious, noninfectious contain: (v) comprehend, include, accommodate, curb, restrict, carry, bear, admit, restrain, embrace, take. ANTONYMS: (v) express, vent, release, omit, lack, except,

King Henry VI, Part II encourage, eliminate, unleash, broaden, free contempt: (n, v) scorn; (v) despise; (n) disrespect, derision, mockery, disregard, ridicule, shame, slight, reproach, discourtesy. ANTONYMS: (n) approval, admiration, regard, honor, esteem contend: (v) wrestle, compete, conflict, combat, argue, war, clash, altercate, struggle, contest; (n, v) allege. ANTONYMS: (v) retreat, harmonize, abandon, deny, cede, agree, surrender, desert content: (n) meaning, matter, capacity, contents, subject; (n, v) contentment; (v) appease, please, satisfy, suffice; (adj) happy. ANTONYMS: (n, v) discontent; (adj) tormented, unhappy, dissatisfied, rebellious, discontented, troubled; (adj, v) upset; (n) unhappiness, sadness; (v) trouble contracted: (adj) insular, contract, constricted, tight, bound, close, narrow-minded, confined, brief; (v) shrunk; (adj, v) selfish. ANTONYM: (adj) expanded contradict: (v) deny, oppose, belie, conflict, confute, controvert, contravene, disprove, refute, invalidate, impugn. ANTONYMS: (v) agree, match, correspond, approve, corroborate, prove, support, reinforce contrary: (adj, n) contradictory, reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting, unfavorable, perverse, cross, disobedient, alien, different, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, harmonious, helpful, obliging, compatible, complaisant, concordant, parallel, agreeable, cooperative, favorable controlling: (adj) ruling, chief, dominant, influential, capital, predominant, prevailing, domineering, guiding; (n) administration, steering. ANTONYMS: (adj) lenient, insignificant contumelious: (adj) insolent, cavalier, opprobrious, bumptious, reproachful, sarcastic, contemptuous, assuming, arrogant, snooty, intolerant convenient: (adj) comfortable, commodious, handy, appropriate, expedient, timely, fit, useful, nearby, opportune; (adj, n) advantageous. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwieldy, fixed, useless, distant, troublesome,

unsuited, remote, unsuitable, unadaptable, unuseful, inappropriate convey: (v) communicate, channel, bring, conduct, transfer, fetch, express, transmit, bear, transport, take. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, maintain, withhold, retain, refrain, hold, absorb, receive cool: (adj, v) chill, assuage, soothe; (adj) chilly, cold, collected, composed, fine, aloof; (v) quench; (n) poise. ANTONYMS: (v) heat; (adj) hot, agitated, excited, friendly, feverish, enthusiastic, tepid, temperate, bad, upset cope: (v) contend, make do, combat, struggle, surmount, do, deal, get by, get along, grapple; (n) coping. ANTONYMS: (v) mismanage, crumble corn: (n) clavus, cereals, Zea Mays, callus, wheat, Indian corn, callosity, grain; (v) feed, keep; (adj, n) commonplace corner: (n) bend, angle, nook, dilemma, recess, hole, coign, predicament, niche; (n, v) turn; (adj) angular. ANTONYMS: (v) free; (n) solution coronation: (n) accession, enthronement, induction, initiation, crowning, enthronization, investiture, installation, enthronisation correct: (adj, v) right; (adj, n) accurate; (v) amend, chastise, adjust, castigate, chasten, better; (adj) appropriate, becoming, proper. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) wrong; (adj) incorrect, faulty, mistaken, false, inappropriate, improper, inaccurate; (v) spoil, coddle, baby corrupted: (adj) tainted, rotten, spoiled, degraded, adulterated, depraved, distorted, decayed, impaired, debased; (n) corrupter. ANTONYM: (adj) pure cost: (n, v) price; (n) charge, amount, expense, toll, expenditure, payment, disbursement, worth, damage, fee costly: (adj) dear, precious, valuable, pricey, high, luxurious, sumptuous, extravagant, rich, invaluable, beloved. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, inexpensive, painless, economical, harmless, helpful, reasonable, aiding, meager costs: (n) expenses, expense, expenditure, fee, upkeep, damages, spending, outlay, cut, financing, disbursement

William Shakespeare council: (n) assembly, congress, convocation, convention, consultation, synod, meeting, legislature, diet, committee, chamber counsel: (v) advise, consult, admonish, confer, warn; (n, v) caution, advocate; (n) barrister, advisement, consultation, admonition. ANTONYMS: (v) betray, trick, deceive, conceal, oppose; (n) warning counsellor: (n) counselor, advocate, adviser, councillor, advisor, mentor, pleader, attorney, lawyer, consultant, solicitor count: (v) compute, weigh, consider, estimate, matter; (n, v) calculate, tally, number, total; (n) calculation, computation. ANTONYMS: (v) guess, except, estimate, disregard, dismiss, abandon, ignore, subtract countenance: (n) aspect, expression, brow, complexion; (n, v) face, sanction, support, favor; (v) allow, tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, oppose, discourage, disapprove, prohibit countries: (n) country country: (n) nation, home, land, place, area, territory, commonwealth, soil, kingdom, realm; (adj) rustic. ANTONYMS: (adj) urban, metropolitan; (adj, n) city; (n) metropolis county: (n) canton, state, area, country, shire, commune, arrondissement, district, mofussil, precinct, realm courage: (n) audacity, fortitude, boldness, nerve, spirit, backbone, valor, heroism, gallantry, mettle, chivalry. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, faintheartedness, weakness, wimpiness, yellowness course: (n, v) stream, flow; (n) bearing, route, career, track, path, road, channel; (adj, n) current; (v) chase. ANTONYM: (v) trickle court: (n) forum, bar, close, field, tribunal, passage, judicatory, judge; (v) romance, attract; (n, v) invite. ANTONYMS: (v) shun, reject, ignore, spurn, disregard, discourage courtly: (adj) civil, stately, polite, elegant, gallant, dignified, respectful, noble, formal; (adj, n) refined; (adv) wooly. ANTONYMS: (adj) boorish, rude, unrefined, unpolished, uncivil, churlish, impolite, rough courts: (n) judges

courtship: (n) courting, wooing, love, bundling, the soft impeachment, prayer, entreaty, gallantry, addresses, cause, affection cousin: (n) nephew, cousins, friend, cousinship, relation, akin, relative, full cousin, companion coward: (n) cur, pantywaist, sneak, dastard, milksop, weakling, milquetoast; (adj) gutless, chickenhearted, pusillanimous, chicken-hearted. ANTONYMS: (n) daredevil, stalwart; (adj) brave crafty: (adj) cunning, adroit, sly, astute, artful, wily, clever, tricky, shifty, designing, scheming. ANTONYMS: (adj) naive, open, honest, guileless, artless, straightforward, trustworthy, ingenuous, blatant, straight craving: (n) appetite, addiction, appetence, eagerness, hankering, yen, hunger; (n, v) desire, appetency; (adj, n) longing; (adj) eager. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, hatred, distaste, repulsion, aversion, apathy, disinclination; (adj) unconcerned, disinterested create: (v) cause, make, bring about, produce, constitute, form, establish, generate, build, beget, institute. ANTONYMS: (v) terminate, ruin, demolish, end, disband created: (adj) create, composed, shaped, produced, wrought, legendary, mythical, fictitious, bent, romantic, fashioned credit: (n) credence, recognition, belief, commendation, appreciation, advance, fame; (v) accredit; (n, v) reputation; (adj, n) worth, merit. ANTONYMS: (n, v) discredit; (n) cash, blame, fault, disrepute, disgrace, withdrawal; (v) disbelieve, question, mistrust, distrust crew: (n) cluster, gang, bunch, party, band, faction, crowd, assemblage, team, group, set crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, scarlet, maroon; (v) blush, flush, redden; (adj) bloody, ruddy, cherry; (n) deep red cripple: (adj, v) maim, prostrate; (v) mutilate, enfeeble, injure, incapacitate, weaken, becripple; (n, v) damage; (n) invalid; (adj) paralyze. ANTONYMS: (v) support, strengthen, invigorate, help, fortify, enable, aid crooked: (adj) bent, corrupt, dishonest, curved, unfair, deformed; (adj, n, v) awry; (adj, v) irregular,

163 askew, wry, indirect. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, honest, principled, even, aboveboard, lawful, level, moral, flat, aligned, honorable cross: (adj) crabby, angry, grumpy, grouchy, cantankerous; (v) intersect, cover, thwart, baffle; (adj, v) traverse; (n) crisscross. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, cheerful, happy; (v) uncross, assist, separate, remain, help, stay, unmix, aid crown: (n, v) top, cover; (v) cap, complete; (n) apex, pinnacle, crest, summit, peak, kingdom, acme. ANTONYMS: (n) base, bottom; (v) dishonor, dethrone, begin, commence, start, depose cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness, oppression, barbarity, ferociousness, tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity, mercilessness, harshness. ANTONYMS: (n) compassion, gentleness, friendliness, humanity, benevolence, sensitivity, liberty, decency crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant, pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent, clamant, imperative, blatant; (n) weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling culpable: (adj) guilty, blameworthy, censurable, reprehensible, blameable, blameful, condemnable, liable, criminal, to blame, responsible. ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, inculpable, blameless cumberland: (n) butcher Cumberland, Cumberland river, William Augustus cunning: (adj) crafty, canny, adroit, wily, sly, shrewd, tricky, artful; (n) craftiness, craft, cleverness. ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, honest, stupid, unimaginative, gullible, ingenuous, straightforward, candid, sincere; (n) frankness, straightforwardness curse: (n, v) blight, plague; (n) anathema, blasphemy, malediction, denunciation; (adj, v) beshrew; (v) swear, ban, damn, vituperate. ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, benediction, making; (v) communicate curses: (n) abuse cursing: (adj) cursed, execrative; (n) blasphemy, anathema, swearing, swear word, malediction, execration, denunciation, cursedness; (v) beshrew curst: (adj) darned, damned, deuced, goddam, goddamn, goddamned, maledict, everlasting, damnable,

164 damn, accursed curtain: (n, v) cover; (n) barrier, drapery, blind, screen, mantle, mask, shade, pall, shroud; (v) hide cutting: (adj) biting, keen, caustic, bitter, acrimonious, incisive, raw; (adj, n) acute; (n) cut, slip; (adj, v) satirical. ANTONYMS: (adj) blunt, complimentary, flattering, kind, pleasant, hot, consoling; (n) extension, freedom, expansion, addition daily: (adj, n) journal; (adj, adv) every day; (adj, v) diurnal; (adj) everyday, regular; (n) tabloid, gazette, paper, dailies; (adv) each day, day by day. ANTONYMS: (adj) nightly, intermittent, sporadic dame: (n) lady, female, queen, girl, gentlewoman, wench, skirt, matron, madam, ma'am, woman damned: (adj) accursed, doomed, blasted, condemned, damn, cussed, wretched, infernal, hateful, goddamned; (adv) damnably. ANTONYM: (adj) saved dance: (v) caper, bop, to dance, cavort, play, skip, to show courage, step; (n, v) hop, jump, shake dandle: (v) fondle, caress, dance, displace, move, pamper, baby, cuddle, faddle, love danger: (n) risk, peril, hazard, chance, jeopardy, threat, trouble, precariousness, slipperiness, disaster, insecurity. ANTONYMS: (n) security, ease, privilege dangerous: (adj, n) critical; (adj) severe, serious, grave, adventurous, unhealthy, precarious, hazardous, perilous, threatening, chancy. ANTONYMS: (adj) stable, secure, protected, unhazardous, slight, weak, harmless, friendly, favorable, calm, pleasant dangerously: (adv) hazardously, precariously, unsafely, riskily, seriously, insecurely, harmfully, parlously, severely, fatally; (adj, adv) gravely. ANTONYMS: (adv) safely, securely, carefully, slightly dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave, hazard, confront, risk, resist, make bold; (n) adventure, daring, defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid, flee, pass, refrain, retreat, obey daring: (adj, n) bold, courageous, adventurous; (adj) audacious, venturesome, intrepid; (n) bravery, audacity, boldness, courage, adventurousness. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, timidity; (adj) timid,

King Henry VI, Part II cautious, dull, afraid, chicken, fearful, unadventurous, wimpy dark: (adj) dismal, black, cheerless, obscure, dim, mysterious, murky, gloomy; (n) evening, night, shadow. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, sunny, fair, sunlit, clear, pallid, pale, cheerful, white, versed; (n) day darkness: (n) dark, shade, shadow, blindness, gloom, blackness, duskiness, murk, cloud, blackout, dimness. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, lightness, glow, comprehension, knowledge, day, clearness darts: (n) board game, game of dart dash: (adj, n, v) rush; (n, v) touch, sprint, strike, splash, jog; (v) dart, break; (n) tinge, beat; (adj, n) animation. ANTONYMS: (v) dawdle, inspirit, languish, saunter, encourage, linger; (n) stagnation, languor, listlessness, mass, dullness daughter: (n) child, son, maiden, young woman, daughterly, lass, unmarried woman, damsel, miss, missy, virgin daunted: (adj) downcast, dispirited, discouraged, frightened, intimidated, disheartened, dismayed, afraid, abashed, bashful, discomposed dauphin: (n) crown prince days: (n) period, life, time, age, existence, generation, years, being, era, living, lifetime dead: (adj) lifeless, defunct, cold, inanimate, idle, gone, fallen, numb, deceased, vapid; (adv) right. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) living; (adj) alive, animate, live, spirited, responsive, working, partial, operative; (adv) partly, partially deadly: (adj, adv) deathly; (adj) baneful, lethal, fatal, destructive, mortal, pernicious, virulent, toxic; (adv) lifelessly, lethally. ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, uplifting, readable, mild, healthy, healthful, benign, innocuous, exciting deaf: (adj) earless, hard of hearing, blind, unhearing, indifferent, deafened, regardless, surd; (v) deafen, desensitize; (n) deafness. ANTONYMS: (adj) listening, aware, attentive deal: (v) administer, allot, conduct, truck, distribute, apportion; (n, v) buy, trade, contract; (n) agreement, arrangement. ANTONYMS: (n) purchase; (v) misdirect, receive,

neglect, mishandle, mismanage, take, ignore, hold, gather, disregard dear: (adj, adv) close, near; (adj, n) darling; (adj) costly, expensive, lovely, precious, affectionate, adorable, cherished; (n) love. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, inexpensive, valueless, despised, modest, loathed, hateful, distant; (n) rival, foe, enemy death: (n) expiration, end, close, exit, fate, mortality, departure, cessation, decease, dissolution; (adj) quietus. ANTONYMS: (n) existence, delivery, living, nascency, being, survival, life, beginning deathful: (adj) mortal decay: (adj, n, v) decline; (v) decompose, crumble, corrupt; (n, v) blight, ebb, rust, collapse; (n) decomposition, corruption, disintegration. ANTONYMS: (v) flourish, grow, thrive, strengthen, ripen, develop; (n) vigor, development deceit: (n) guile, artifice, deception, falsehood, ruse, pretense, fraud, trickery; (adj, n) cunning, craft, art. ANTONYMS: (n) sincerity, truthfulness, fairness, frankness, loyalty, straightforwardness, uprightness, truth deceitful: (adj) false, fraudulent, insincere, crooked, dishonest, untrue, sly, artful, untrustworthy, unreliable, treacherous. ANTONYMS: (adj) straightforward, genuine, trustworthy, truthful, loyal, open, principled, straight, upright, faithful, dependable dedicate: (v) apply, devote, commit, bless, render, sanctify, pay, inaugurate, give, destine; (prep, v) set apart. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, alienate, desecrate, dishonor, disrespect, steal, take, withhold, misuse, keep deed: (n) accomplishment, act, feat, behavior, action, exploit, covenant, doing, document, title, fact. ANTONYM: (n) failure deeds: (n) works, activity, actions, conduct, background, events, happenings, performance, activities deem: (v) believe, assume, consider, count, hold, think, feel, view, suppose, regard, imagine. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard, doubt deep: (adj) thick, profound, strong, rich, broad, sound, absorbed, wide, abstruse, dark; (adj, v) intense. ANTONYMS: (adj) superficial, high,

William Shakespeare weak, soft, light, open, frivolous, lightweight, narrow, straightforward, simple deeply: (adv) strongly, heavily, intensely, deep, thickly, highly, soundly, greatly, gravely, extremely, richly. ANTONYMS: (adv) slightly, mildly, unemotionally, fitfully, moderately, thinly, hardly, barely, lightly deer: (n) caribou, buck, fawn, stag, reynard, brocket, cervid, ruminant, roe, roebuck, hart defend: (n, v) guard, shield, advocate; (v) justify, protect, assert, support, maintain, champion, apologize, shelter. ANTONYMS: (v) prosecute, abandon, endanger, surrender, renounce, oppose, forsake, assault, contradict, destroy, expose defended: (adj) shielded, secured, watched over, secure, sacred defer: (v) adjourn, postpone, comply, procrastinate, bow, suspend, retard, accede, protract; (adj, v) put off; (n, v) delay. ANTONYMS: (v) advance, rush, hurry, hasten, forge, disagree, expedite, continue, resist defile: (adj, v) debauch, pollute, stain, sully; (v) corrupt, contaminate, foul, taint, tarnish, infect; (n, v) soil. ANTONYMS: (v) purify, consecrate, conserve, honor, respect, sanctify, cleanse, praise defy: (n, v) dare; (v) brave, resist, ignore, confront, revolt, oppose, withstand, disobey, contradict; (n) defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, acquiesce, surrender, yield, comply, accept degree: (n) extent, level, condition, title, rank, academic degree, place, caliber, status, stair; (adj, n) order delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement, rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish, amuse, please, captivate, transport, enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness, nuisance, discontent; (v) depress, displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore deliver: (v) consign, bear, carry, save, rescue, abandon, send, pronounce, hand over, bring; (adj, v) utter. ANTONYMS: (v) capture, confine, imprison, hold, oppress, enslave, restrain, retain, collect, withhold, shackle demand: (v) ask, require, ask for, beg; (n, v) need, request, command, appeal, requisition, sale; (n) requirement. ANTONYMS: (v)

grant, offer, obviate, give, eliminate, cede, beg, present, request; (n) response, plea demean: (v) abase, lower, disgrace, debase, humiliate, conduct, cheapen, disparage, humble, behave, mortify. ANTONYMS: (v) heighten, dignify, boost, idolize, upgrade, honor, enhance, elevate, uplift, praise, glorify deny: (v) controvert, rebuff, contradict, disavow, gainsay, reject, oppose, refuse, disown, abnegate, renounce. ANTONYMS: (v) affirm, claim, acknowledge, declare, maintain, agree, spoil, accept, accede, allow, argue depart: (v) go, deviate, decease, diverge, start, stray, wander, leave, die, vary, part. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, arrive, enter, come, abide, conform, continue, remain, appear, converge, return departed: (adj) dead, bygone, late, former, bypast, defunct, past, left; (adj, v) gone, extinct; (n) decedent. ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining, alive depth: (n) abyss, profoundness, profundity, chasm, intensity, abstruseness, wisdom, extent, strength, width; (adj) profound. ANTONYMS: (n) height, superficiality, weakness, tallness, shallowness, narrowness, thinness, flippancy deputy: (n) surrogate, agent, delegate, alternate, ambassador, vicar, representative, attorney, assistant; (adj, n) substitute, replacement descended: (v) extraught deserts: (n) desert, just deserts, due, compensation, comeupance desire: (n) ambition, aspiration, craving, dream; (adv, n, v) will; (n, v) fancy, wish, aim; (v) want, aspire, seek. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dislike, hate; (n) aversion, reality, revulsion, apathy; (v) spurn, abhor, answer, command, insist desolate: (adj, v) desert, forlorn; (adj) bare, barren, alone, bleak, deserted, cheerless, disconsolate; (v) devastate, destroy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, inhabited, happy, sheltered, mobbed, overcrowded, ecstatic, hopeful; (v) create, construct, build despair: (n) disappointment, desolation, dejection, melancholy, gloom, desperation, depression, dismay, discouragement,

165 pessimism, sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, hopefulness, expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness, resilience, elation, joyfulness despite: (conj) although, albeit; (n) contempt, scorn, ill will, malice, disdain; (adv) though; (prep) in spite of, notwithstanding, regardless of determine: (v) ascertain, define, appoint, adjudicate, set, specify, conclude, measure, designate, assign; (adj, v) resolve. ANTONYMS: (v) yield, question, comply, procrastinate, postpone, overlook, Miss, ignore, hesitate, disregard, balk devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost, monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub, deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag. ANTONYM: (n) angel devilish: (adj, v) diabolic, satanic, infernal, mephistophelian, demoniacal; (adj) demonic, wicked, diabolical, terrific; (v) Stygian; (adv) devilishly. ANTONYMS: (adj) cherubic, godlike, good, saintly, virtuous devils: (n) unclean spirits devise: (v) contrive, conceive, invent, plan, create, concoct, design, arrange, frame, formulate, excogitate devotion: (n) allegiance, attachment, dedication, loyalty, worship, affection, enthusiasm, fondness, devotedness; (adj, n) veneration, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) disloyalty, negligence, apathy, disobedience, neglect, hatred, separation, dishonesty, infidelity diadem: (n) crown, coronet, tiara, circlet, sovereignty, headdress, crest, power, capitulum, cap of maintenance, crown jewels dick: (n) cock, bloke, Peter, creature, hombre, shaft, prick, investigator, pecker, gumshoe, tool dido: (n) prank, Elissa, trick, caper, antic, grievance, joke, knickknack dignity: (n) degree, prestige, glory, decorum, face, distinction, honor, majesty, eminence, solemnity; (adj, n) decency. ANTONYMS: (n) lowliness, indecency, impropriety, simplicity, cheerfulness, austerity directions: (n) advice, instruction, guidance, instructions, briefing, commands, orders, will discharge: (n) dismissal; (adj, v) acquit, deliver, bounce; (v) clear, complete, eject, absolve, cashier; (n,

166 v) drain; (adj, n, v) burst. ANTONYMS: (v) hire, load, hold, detain, convict, delegate, charge, assign, enlist, incarcerate; (n) burdening discomfited: (adj) uncomfortable, ill at ease, disappointed, embarrassed, frustrated, thwarted, self-conscious, mortified, humiliated, unsuccessful; (adj, n) defeated discontent: (n) disapproval, discontentment, disaffection, displeasure, disappointment, discontentedness, unrest; (adj) melancholy, dissatisfied, disgruntled, discontented. ANTONYMS: (n) contentment, pleasure, accord, happiness; (v) content; (adj, n) happy; (adj) contented dishonour: (v) discredit, disgrace, attaint, shame, degrade, desecrate, violate, rape, outrage; (n) stigma, opprobrium dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection, antipathy, disdain, disfavor, revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination, aversion, distaste; (v) detest. ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness, taste, attraction, enjoyment, preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy, approve, adore dismal: (adj) cheerless, dejected, dreary, gloomy, desolate, disconsolate, depressing, melancholy, black, dim, dull. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, happy, lively, uplifting, sunny, pleasant, light, cheery, strong, soulful, wonderful dismiss: (v) cashier, disband, cast, discard, brush aside, can, bounce, cast off, cease, dispatch; (n, v) drop. ANTONYMS: (v) employ, welcome, signal, remember, recall, mobilize, maintain, keep, hold, engage, contract disorder: (n, v) ailment, disarray, disease, jumble, muddle; (n) clutter, disturbance, disarrangement; (v) derange, confuse, perturb. ANTONYMS: (n, v) order; (n) orderliness, calm, peace, tranquility, health; (v) organize, align, arrange, systematize, neaten dispense: (v) allot, deal, administer, assign, deal out, apportion, dole out, give, issue, diffuse, furnish. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, receive, withhold disperse: (v) dispel, spread, circulate, break up, disband, scatter, dissipate,

King Henry VI, Part II diffuse, dispense, disseminate, break. ANTONYMS: (v) gather, collect, converge, centralize, capture, congregate, garner, concentrate, swarm, crowd, aggravate disposed: (adj) prone, apt, ready, subject, prepared, liable, game, inclined, fain, likely, minded. ANTONYMS: (adj) ailing, indisposed, unlikely, disinclined, reluctant, impervious dissemble: (v) feign, assume, conceal, disguise, camouflage, dissimulate, act, hide, sham, pretend, mask. ANTONYMS: (v) show, demonstrate, expose, reveal distinguish: (v) discriminate, perceive, know, describe, make out, discover, descry, behold, identify, recognize, separate. ANTONYMS: (v) mistake, confound, ignore, Miss, unite, demean disturb: (v) trouble, disorder, disconcert, distress, perturb, disquiet, distract, discompose, disrupt, upset, concern. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, please, soothe, smooth, order, reassure, sort, settle, respect, quiet, organize dogged: (adj) obdurate, stubborn, willful, bullheaded, insistent, obstinate, tenacious, wilful, untiring, resolute, persistent. ANTONYMS: (adj) yielding, compromising, indifferent, undetermined doing: (n) act, do, deed, making, performance, execution, perpetration, acting; (v) to make, to do; (adj) current. ANTONYM: (n) failure doit: (adj) brass farthing, bulrush, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, old son, jot, feather; (n) mite, stiver, penny, groat done: (adj, adv) finished, ended; (adj) complete, completed, over, made, gone, accomplished, concluded, through, cooked. ANTONYMS: (adj) unsettled, disapproved, incomplete, rare, raw, rejected, uncooked, undone, unfulfilled, unsanctioned doom: (n, v) sentence, destine, fate; (v) condemn, convict, damn; (n) destiny, day of reckoning, chance, luck, lot. ANTONYMS: (n) plan; (v) absolve door: (n) threshold, mouth, entrance, doorway, entry, opening, access, entryway, way out, portal, hatch. ANTONYM: (n) entrance double: (adj, n) twin; (adj) dual, duple, twofold; (v) fold, bend,

geminate; (adj, v) reduplicate; (n) substitute, mate, image. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) single; (v) decrease, divide, halve; (adj) multivalent, univalent, lone doublet: (n) pair, couple, waistcoat, CHUDDER, barbe, gabardine, double, jacket, jubbah, oilskins, camisole doublets: (n) span, dyad doubt: (n, v) suspicion, question, query, dispute; (n) disbelief, misgiving, incertitude, apprehension, uncertainty; (adj, n) skepticism; (v) suspect. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, confidence, conclusiveness, belief, certitude, faith, approval; (v) accept, believe, consider, swallow dove: (n) turtledove, squab, emblem, pacificist, pacifist, poultry, dover, pigeon, Holy Spirit, culver, peacenik downfall: (n) ruin, decline, destruction, debacle, defeat, descent, decadence, failure, undoing, devastation, bane. ANTONYMS: (n) making, ascension, lift, salvation, victory, creation, beginning downright: (adj, n) absolute; (adj, v) sheer, clear; (adj) dead, blunt, candid, plain; (adv) absolutely, thoroughly, wholly, decidedly. ANTONYMS: (adj) semi, limited, incomplete, questionable, slight; (adv) hardly dowry: (n) dot, inheritance, gift, alimony, dowery, portion, jointure, grant, share, endowment, heritage drab: (adj) dreary, gloomy, dingy, cheerless, somber, boring, dowdy, dark, colorless, dull, depressing. ANTONYMS: (adj) colorful, vivid, brilliant, chic, flashy, interesting, cheerful, distinctive, smart, strong drag: (v) attract, draw, lug, cart, heave, tow; (n, v) pull, puff; (adv, v) trail; (n) bother; (adj) dragging. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure; (v) hasten, hurry, shove, speed, rush, propel, fly dragged: (adj) depressed, dejected, upset, unhappy, spent, dispirited, somber, melancholy, gloomy, joyless, low draught: (n, v) draft, sketch, design, potation, plan; (n) dose, air current, wind, gulp, outline; (v) blueprint draw: (n, v) drag, pull, delineate, tie, design, puff; (v) depict, describe, derive, bring; (n) attraction. ANTONYMS: (v) repel, deposit, shove, shorten, thrust, cut, curtail,

William Shakespeare contract, alienate; (n) repulsion, win drawn: (adj) careworn, worn, drew, pinched, gaunt, taut, tired, cadaverous, thin, tense, withdraw. ANTONYMS: (adj) rested, robust, refreshed, hale, fresh, vigorous, carefree dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear, panic; (n) anxiety, awe, consternation, alarm, trepidation, dismay, foreboding, terror. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, welcomed, pleasant; (v) welcome, want; (n) reassurance, fearlessness, confidence, security, ease, calm dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming, atrocious, fearful, terrible, abominable, appalling, direful, grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, great, lovely, fantastic, marvelous, admirable, successful, nice, joyous, honorable, fair dream: (n) aspiration, ambition, reverie, desire, fantasy, figment, nightmare; (n, v) vision, sleep; (v) muse, imagine. ANTONYMS: (n) alertness, nightmare dress: (n, v) attire, costume, clothe, apparel, clothing, array, trim, garb, rig, cover; (n) dressing. ANTONYMS: (n, v) undress; (v) uncover, disrobe, rumple, strip, wrinkle drink: (n, v) beverage, draught, swallow; (n) alcohol, brew, potion, intoxicant; (v) booze, carouse, bib, swig. ANTONYMS: (v) regurgitate, sip, abstain drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, intake, potation, drunkenness, crapulence, boozing, drinkable, uptake, intemperateness, booze driven: (v) drive, impel, operate, propel; (adj) impelled, compulsive, motivated, involuntary, dynamic, successful; (n) drove drops: (n) tear drown: (v) drench, submerge, overwhelm, choke, engulf, flood, swamp, inundate, suffocate, asphyxiate; (adj, n, v) sink. ANTONYMS: (v) float, swim, amplify, dry drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy, comatose, somnolent, slow, lethargic, sluggish, dull, indolent, soporific, listless. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, awake, lively, vigorous, vivacious, refreshed drum: (adj, n) barrel; (n) cask, tympan, cylinder, timbrel, tambour,

tambourine; (v) beat, roll, bone up, ram drums: (n) drumming drunk: (adj) tipsy, wet, tight, blotto, drunken, inebriated; (adj, n) inebriate; (n) boozer, dipsomaniac, drunkard, drinker. ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, clearheaded; (n) teetotaler duchess: (n) princess, queen, lady, czarina, begum, margravine, noblewoman, peeress, marchioness, sultana, infanta duchy: (n) land, principality, domain, demesne duke: (n) lord, prince, hand, nobleman, fist, chief; (v) pass, box, deliver dukedom: (n) land, rank, principality, domain, demesne duly: (adv) rightfully, correctly, punctually, proper, precisely, well, ex officio, accordingly, fairly, appropriately, properly. ANTONYMS: (adv) improperly, unsuitable, unlawfully dumb: (adj) mute, speechless, dense, dim, silent, dull, slow, stupid, inarticulate, foolish, obtuse. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, communicative, intelligent, loquacious, sharp, smart, speaking, brilliant, talkative dunghill: (adj) base, craven, jakes, sink, recreant, privy; (n) unsanitariness, laystall, mixen, muckheap, muckhill dusky: (adj) dark, cloudy, gloomy, black, swarthy, dull, murky, obscure, dingy, sooty, somber. ANTONYMS: (adj) light, bright, sunny, radiant, clear dust: (v) sprinkle, clean, spray, wipe, spread; (n) dirt, earth, relics, grit, remains, soil. ANTONYMS: (n) newness; (v) dirty duty: (n) function, commitment, obligation, chore, assignment, office, dues, job, responsibility, must; (n, v) charge. ANTONYMS: (n) disobedience, option dwell: (adj, v) inhabit; (v) reside, bide, live, stay, lodge, delay, occupy, continue, be, settle. ANTONYM: (v) wander each: (adv) apiece, either, individually; (adj) every, various, singular; (adj, det) any; (n) anyone, an, anybody, everyone eagle: (n) bird of Jove, colors, double eagle, oriflamme, oriflamb, raptor, labarum, emblem, flag, dibs,

167 streamer eagles: (n) order Falconiformes, caracaras, Falconiformes earl: (n) baron, jarl, peer, thane, viscount, banneret, chief, lord early: (adv) betimes, soon; (adj) initial, primitive, young, prompt, first, quick; (n) beginning, morning, prior. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) late, later; (adj) delayed, slow, tardy, conclusive, latter, middle; (adv) belatedly, tardily, expectedly earnest: (adj, v) devout; (adj) eager, solemn, heartfelt, diligent, studious, sincere, intense, ardent, staid; (n) guarantee. ANTONYMS: (adj) flippant, halfhearted, uncertain, insincere, unimportant, nonchalant, lethargic, apathetic, unenthusiastic, indifferent, frivolous earth: (n) world, dust, ground, land, lair, dry land, terra firma, clay, creation, ball, country earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj) carnal, worldly, conceivable, human, geotic, secular, terrene, temporal, telluric, sublunary. ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, divine, ethereal, immortal, impossible, improbable, inconceivable, celestial earthy: (adj) coarse, mundane, earthly, realistic, vulgar, worldly, gross, terrestrial, natural, terrene, rude. ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, cultured, clean ease: (v) alleviate, assuage, relieve, allay; (n) convenience, rest, leisure, relief, satisfaction; (adj, v) facilitate; (n, v) relax. ANTONYMS: (n) discomfort, formality, awkwardness, worry, toil, problem, pain, maladroitness; (v) aggravate, worsen, impede easily: (adv) lightly, smoothly, facilely, fluently, readily, plainly, comfortably, uncomplicatedly, calmly, slowly, conveniently. ANTONYMS: (adv) hardly, unquestionably, laboriously, difficultly, barely, arduously, affectedly, inconveniently, seriously, formally east: (n) orient, e, Levant, easting, east side, EST, cardinal compass point; (adj) eastern; (adv) eastwards. ANTONYM: (adj) west easy: (adj) convenient, gentle, familiar, graceful, at ease, light, lenient, clear, contented, cozy; (adj, adv) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) arduous, laborious, demanding, hard, strenuous, particular,

168 burdensome, tough, uneasy, awkward, testing eating: (n) ingestion, intake, feeding, browsing, banqueting, food, lunching, supping, pica, repletion; (v) eat edge: (n, v) bound, verge, hem, skirt, line; (n) boundary, margin, brink, blade, extremity, limit. ANTONYMS: (n) center, disadvantage, obstacle, handicap, mainstream, end; (v) interior, dull, blunt, speed edict: (n) act, command, writ, declaration, ruling, rule, regulation, directive, order, dictate, law edward: (n) prince Edward, Black Prince e'er: (adv) ever, forever effected: (adj) completed, complete, finished, fulfilled, done, realized, conventional, constituted, established effectual: (adj, n) efficient, efficacious, able; (adj) forceful, telling, authoritative, operative, potent, adequate, impressive, powerful. ANTONYMS: (adj) ineffectual, incapable, weak, impotent, ineffective, unproductive, unsuccessful, useless either: (adj) whatever; (adv) too, also, neither, besides, likewise; (n) or; (det) any; (conj) other elder: (adj) older, big, adult; (n) dean, doyen, patriarch, ancient, boss, elderberry, superior, presbyter. ANTONYMS: (n) youngster, minor, child, inferior; (adj) youngest, younger, little eldest: (adj) elder, older, oldest, eigne; (n) offspring, progeny, doyen election: (n) choice, ballot, poll, vote, volition, selection, preference, option, doom, predestination, referendum else: (adv) besides, yet, to boot, in addition, moreover; (pron) another; (n) or; (adj) different, other, further, additional emblaze: (v) embellish embrace: (v) comprise, adopt, comprehend, contain, admit, espouse, include; (n, v) clasp, hug, grip, bosom. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, exclude, spurn, shun, renounce, release, loose, disbelieve empire: (adj, n) rule, authority, control; (n) kingdom, domain, realm, reign, nation, sway, command, territory empress: (n) emperor, margravine,

King Henry VI, Part II sultana, infanta, queen, princess, noble, monarch, lady, ruler, emperess empty: (adj, v) clear, discharge, destitute, void; (adj) hollow, bare, blank, barren, abandoned; (v) deplete, pour. ANTONYMS: (adj) crowded, meaningful, packed, occupied, inhabited, swarming, brimming, laden, filled, cultivated; (v) fill enclosing: (n) enclose, inclosure, boxing, encasement, introduction, insertion, intromission, surrounding, incasement, grip, envelopment encroaching: (adj) invasive, aggressive endeavour: (n) attempt, effort, pains, trial, try, enterprise, striving, contribution, braving; (v) exert, strive ended: (adj) concluded, finished, over, done, completed, closed, through, terminated, consummate, all over; (adj, v) past endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support; (n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v) accept, undergo, allow, stay, tolerate. ANTONYMS: (v) perish, die, break, fall, discontinue, crumble, end, enjoy, resign, quit, collapse enemy: (n) antagonist, opponent, foe, opposition, competitor, enmity, assailant, foeman, hostile, besieger; (adj, n) rival. ANTONYMS: (n) ally, friend, supporter, benefactor, defender, fan enforce: (v) compel, constrain, carry out, implement, impose, execute, apply, drive, dispense, effect; (n, v) force. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, relax, neglect, forget, exempt, disregard, abandon enfranchisement: (n) freedom, certification, accreditation, emancipation, deliverance, lib, liberty, release, liberation, manumission, credentials. ANTONYM: (n) disenfranchisement england: (n) Britain, British, UK, United Kingdom, Albion, British Empire english: (n) English language, Englishwoman, Britain, Englishman, side, the English, English people; (adj) Anglican; (v) Anglify enjoy: (v) hold, have, relish, bask, appreciate, own, rejoice, revel, love, experience; (adj, v) like. ANTONYMS: (v) need, suffer,

loathe, lack, hate, detest, despise, want enough: (adj) ample, adequate, competent, decent; (n) adequacy, sufficiency, fill; (adv) rather, amply, adequately; (adv, n) plenty. ANTONYMS: (adj) insufficient, deficient, wanting, scant; (adv) insufficiently, inadequately; (n) insufficiency, deficiency, inadequacy, shortage ensuing: (adj) following, consequent, succeeding, later, subsequent, next, successive, resulting, consequential, ensue, posterior. ANTONYMS: (adj) antecedent, earlier, prior, preliminary enter: (v) enroll, embark, chronicle, book, record, input, arrive, come, pierce, register, penetrate. ANTONYMS: (v) depart, exit, delete, stop, refrain, erase, egress, abstain, cancel, exclude, disembark entering: (n) entry, entrance, admission, enrollment, penetration, ingress, registration, encroachment, entree; (adj, n) incoming; (v) go in entertain: (v) amuse, delight, bear, cherish, beguile, admit, accommodate, harbor, hold, distract; (n, v) interest. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard, ignore, banish, forget, tire, displease entertainment: (n) distraction, diversion, enjoyment, show, pleasure, recreation, fun, reception, pastime; (adj, n) party; (n, v) regalement. ANTONYMS: (n) job, boredom, discomfort enticing: (adj, v) alluring; (adj) tempting, attractive, beguiling, inviting, seductive, engaging, fetching, appealing, fascinating, enthralling. ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing, unattractive, revolting entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore, pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure, crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand, reject envenomed: (adj) caustic, venomous, virulent, mordacious, acrimonious envious: (adj) covetous, invidious, jaundiced, malicious, begrudge, greedy, resentful, grudging, green, begrudging, enviable. ANTONYMS: (adj) fulfilled, satisfied, undesirous, contented envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n) enviousness, desire, heartburning, resentment, envies, heartburn, jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous. ANTONYM: (n) generosity

William Shakespeare equal: (v) compare, equalize, equate; (adj, v) agree, correspond, even, equivalent; (adj) comparable; (n) compeer; (adj, n, v) rival, parallel. ANTONYMS: (adj) different, repressive, uneven, disproportionate, inconsistent, unlike, dissimilar, discriminating, diverse; (v) differ, disproportion equity: (n) fairness, reasonableness, righteousness, right, probity, justness; (adj, n) honesty, candor, integrity, uprightness; (adj) impartial. ANTONYMS: (n) partiality, balance, bias, discrimination, inequity, injustice erecting: (n) construction, building, erection erst: (adv) once, formerly, ago, time was, over, whilom, heretofore, previously, before, erewhile, at one time espouse: (n, v) wed; (v) embrace, sustain, defend, marry, advocate, accept, take up, assume, back, betroth. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, oppose, repudiate, spurn, desert, abandon, divorce, detract esquire: (n) gentleman, Mr, Esq, scutum, scute, scutage, escutcheon, scutcheon, margrave, vavasour; (v) escort essentially: (adv) fundamentally, substantially, primarily, principally, necessarily, inherently, mainly, importantly, chiefly; (adj, adv) naturally, intrinsically. ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially, insignificantly, slightly establish: (v) prove, demonstrate, constitute, build, base, appoint, ascertain, fix, determine; (adj, n, v) confirm, settle. ANTONYMS: (v) disprove, terminate, abolish, abrogate, change, disestablish, eradicate, invalidate, repeal, unsettle, rebut eternal: (adj) constant, perpetual, ceaseless, everlasting, lasting, continual, aeonian, immortal, boundless, deathless, enduring. ANTONYMS: (adj) mortal, finite, brief, ephemeral, fleeting, terminable, ending, fragile, inconstant eunuch: (n) eunuchate, gelding, man, adult male evening: (n) even, dusk, dark, eve, twilight, sunset, eventide, nightfall, sundown, night, period. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, sunrise, sunup, morning

event: (n) effect, case, consequence, occurrence, incident, result, contingency, product, fact, happening, circumstance. ANTONYM: (n) insignificancy ever: (adj, adv) always, continually; (adj) constantly, still, forever; (adv) never, e'er, before, once, perpetually; (n) Evers. ANTONYM: (adv) erratically everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless, endless, constant, continual, perpetual, immortal, deathless, ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting. ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, ephemeral, fleeting, mortal, ending, terminating, inconstant, fragile, perishable evermore: (adj, adv) always, forever, ever; (adv) everlastingly, forevermore, perpetually, ever and again, for all time, until the end of time. ANTONYMS: (adv) temporarily, suddenly every: (adj) each, total, whole, any, thorough; (n) everybody, everyone, everything; (adv) apiece, either; (pron) every one everything: (pron) anything, something, whatever thing, no matter which; (n) whole, everyone, all things, everybody, entirety, universe, thing evidence: (n) proof, confirmation, data, testimony, sign, attestation, demonstration; (v) demonstrate, certify, attest; (n, v) mark. ANTONYMS: (v) disprove, confute; (n) conviction evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, righteousness, morality; (adj) kindhearted, righteous, benign, moral, pure, upright, virtuous, sinless examine: (v) assay, audit, overhaul, try, consider, control, check, search, survey, ask, ascertain. ANTONYMS: (v) reply, skim, glance example: (n) exemplar, illustration, instance, sample, lead, paradigm, prototype, pattern, design, guide, precedent exceed: (v) beat, pass, surpass, transcend, outdo, surmount, cap, outshine, overrun, top, outweigh. ANTONYMS: (v) follow, fail, trail, make exceeding: (prep) beyond, more than, greater than; (adj) excessive,

169 transcendent, extraordinary, exceptional, prodigious, surpassing, Olympian; (v) exceed excellence: (adj, n) worth, eminence, desert; (n) distinction, advantage, goodness, superiority, virtue, greatness, predominance; (adj) mastery. ANTONYMS: (n) mediocrity, failing, fault, flaw, unevenness, imperfection, disgrace, commonness except: (adj, conj, prep) save; (v) exclude, demur, omit, elide; (adv, conj, prep) but; (adv, prep) besides; (prep) excepting, excluding, aside from; (conj, n) without. ANTONYMS: (prep) including; (v) receive, admit exclaim: (v) call out, call, shout, cry out, ejaculate, clamor, outcry, scream, shout out, speak, vociferate excuse: (n, v) pardon, palliate; (v) absolve, exculpate, condone, acquit, justify, forgive; (n) alibi, pretext, evasion. ANTONYMS: (v) blame, accuse, chide, discipline, include, reprimand, castigate; (n) accusation execute: (v) do, achieve, complete, perform, accomplish, act, effect, carry out, enforce, make, fulfill. ANTONYMS: (v) abandon, ignore, disregard, Miss, forget, shirk, revive exempt: (v) absolve, discharge, dispense, forgive, relieve, justify, except; (adj, v) free; (adj) immune, at liberty, released. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) nonexempt; (adj) liable, taxable, bound; (v) enforce, blame, include exhort: (v) admonish, urge, advise, advocate, caution, expostulate, press, counsel, entreat, bid, goad. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, block, discourage, dissuade, restrain, demand exile: (n, v) expatriate; (v) banish, deport, drive out, expel, proscribe; (n) expulsion, deportation, refugee, deportee, outcast. ANTONYMS: (v) restore, welcome, appoint exit: (n) departure, door, egress, outlet, going, gate, way out; (v) leave, go, go out, die. ANTONYMS: (n) arrival, entry, entrance, greeting; (v) arrive, come expect: (v) assume, anticipate, demand, understand, hope, think, suppose, calculate, await, abide, conceive. ANTONYMS: (v) fear, despair expedient: (adj) fit, advisable, becoming, desirable, adequate, apt, convenient, suitable; (n) contrivance,

170 resource, artifice. ANTONYMS: (adj) inappropriate, inexpedient, impractical, futile, detrimental, inconvenient, foolish expend: (v) disburse, exhaust, spend, dissipate, squander, use, deplete, employ, to spend, absorb, swallow up. ANTONYMS: (v) save, hold, keep express: (adj) explicit, direct, definite, distinct, especial; (n, v) declare; (v) demonstrate, convey, articulate, display, mean. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, hide, retain; (adj) vague, slow, unexpressed, roundabout, unsaid, uncertain, indirect; (n) local eyes: (n) sight, eye, vision, view, baby blues, guard, propensity, eyen face: (adj, n, v) front; (v) confront, audacity; (n, v) look, aspect, top; (n) side, expression, countenance, exterior, facade. ANTONYMS: (n, v) back; (n) timidity, nobody, underside, shyness, rear; (v) evade, elude, hide, withdraw, submit factious: (adj) rebellious, seditious, divisive, quarrelsome, turbulent, contumacious, mutinous, willful, argumentative, contentious, demagogical. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmonious, agreeing, cooperative fail: (adj, v) fade, decline, cease; (v) abort, die, break, bust, want, disappoint, deteriorate, default. ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, triumph, win, thrive, procure, accomplish, achieve, attain, boom, complete, continue fain: (adj) willing, prepared, ready, favorable, heart and soul, prone; (adv) gladly, lief, readily, willingly; (v) optative fair: (adj) clear, beautiful, sweet, reasonable, dispassionate, average, fine, impartial; (adj, v) bright; (adj, adv) clean; (n) blonde. ANTONYMS: (adj) biased, unjust, exceptional, dark, partial, mismatched, unwarranted, foul, imbalanced, prejudiced, poor faith: (n) confidence, belief, conviction, trust, credence, credit, creed, assurance, cult, expectation, dependence. ANTONYMS: (n) disbelief, distrust, dubiosity, skepticism, despair, uncertainty, doubt, independence falcon: (n) caracara, thug, freebooter, mosstrooper, peregrine falcon, harpy, Merlin, land shark, shark, hobby, dacoit fall: (n, v) decline, dip, rain, decrease,

King Henry VI, Part II plunge, dive; (n) downfall, descent, autumn; (v) descend, sink. ANTONYMS: (n, v) increase, win, climb, triumph; (n) ascent, improvement, rising; (v) ascend, advance, conquer, elevate fallen: (adj) drop, decline, prostrate, flat, destroyed, down, lapsed, alight, degenerate, lose, get. ANTONYMS: (adj) esteemed, honorable, honored, lauded, prestigious falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute, angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force, body of water, Guaira, Niagara false: (adj, n) bastard; (adj, adv) counterfeit, deceitful; (adj) untrue, dishonest, erroneous, sham, assumed, artificial, fictitious, deceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, genuine, faithful, factual, correct, natural, truthful, honest, valid, just, loyal falsely: (adv) incorrectly, fraudulently, deceptively, dishonestly, wrongly, erroneously, misleadingly, deceitfully, unfaithfully, spuriously, fictitiously. ANTONYMS: (adv) honestly, truthfully, faithfully, authentically, correctly, naturally, rightly familiar: (adj) conversant, everyday, usual, ordinary, commonplace; (adj, n) customary, common, intimate, habitual, accustomed; (n) companion. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfamiliar, strange, foreign, unaccustomed, new, unknown, ignorant, formal, shy, rare, distant famine: (n) scarcity, shortage, privation, deficiency, deficit, starvation, drought, hunger, poverty, penury, failure. ANTONYMS: (n) abundance, plenty, glut, feast, bounty, excess famish: (v) fast, hunger, clem, perish with hunger, enfamish; (adj) begrudge, dole out, skin a flint, live upon nothing, withhold, screw famous: (adj) celebrated, splendid, distinguished, renowned, illustrious, famed, capital, prominent, well-known, fine, stunning. ANTONYMS: (adj) infamous, ordinary, anonymous, insignificant, obscure, inglorious, undistinguished fancy: (n, v) desire, fantasy, caprice, dream, wish, daydream; (v) imagine, consider; (adj, v) conceive; (n) conception, conceit. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, certainty, actuality, conviction; (adj)

unadorned, common; (v) hate, demonstrate, detest, disapprove, test fare: (n, v) do; (n) food, aliment, board, table, charge, chow, menu, traveller; (v) come, eat. ANTONYM: (v) stop farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, salutation, welcome far-off: (adj) distant, far, faraway, outlying, extreme, inaccessible, last, long, obscure, unknown, wide fashion: (n) mode, craze, fad, manner, method, way; (n, v) cut, construct, style; (v) contrive, make. ANTONYM: (v) destroy fast: (adj, v) firm; (adj) dissolute, instant, agile, staunch, quick, hurried, fixed, rapid; (adv) soon, hard. ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly, loosely, sluggishly; (n) binge; (adj) sluggish, loose, unattached, plodding; (adj, adv) leisurely; (v) gorge, eat fastened: (adj) tied, fast, buttoned, closed, tight, secure, pinned, binding, empight, steady, firm. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfastened, unbuttoned fatal: (adj) deadly, pestilent, lethal, disastrous, destructive, dangerous, deathly, fateful, murderous, critical; (adj, v) mortal. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmless, nourishing, healthful, benign, uncritical, mild fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck, fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment, portion, lot; (v) destine, designate. ANTONYMS: (n) will, design, choice, accident, chance fates: (adj) book of fate, Parcae, sky; (n) fortune, the fates father: (n) dad, begetter, creator, abba, patriarch, beginner, founder, padre; (n, v) sire; (v) engender, generate. ANTONYMS: (n) disciple, follower fault: (adj, n, v) deficiency; (n) error, blot, delinquency, flaw, break, blunder; (adj, n) failing, blemish; (n, v) blame, crime. ANTONYMS: (n) strength, virtue, capability, innocence, perfection, credit, ease; (v) praise, absolve faultless: (adj) blameless, correct, immaculate, clean, spotless, innocent, flawless, unblemished, absolute, infallible, consummate. ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, imperfect, faulty, shameful, soiled,

William Shakespeare blameworthy faulty: (adj) erroneous, deficient, defective, false, vicious, bad, broken, wrong, incorrect, inaccurate, damaged. ANTONYMS: (adj) perfect, flawless, sound, adequate, working, certain, logical, fine favour: (n) relief, goodness, assistance, office, favoritism, benignity; (v) choose, prefer, privilege, facilitate, approve fealty: (n) loyalty, homage, faithfulness, devotion, fidelity, faith, constancy, feute, feutee, genuflection, kneeling prostration fear: (n) awe, dismay, alarm, fright, consternation, care, anguish; (n, v) apprehension, doubt, concern, reverence. ANTONYMS: (n) fearlessness, reassurance, confidence, courage, valor, calm, boldness, security, equanimity, peace; (v) brave fearful: (adj, n) afraid; (adj, v) dreadful, cowardly; (adj) terrible, apprehensive, awful, timid, anxious, craven, frightful, eerie. ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, calm, confident, bold, unimpressed, charming, fearless, courageous, reassuring, unafraid, wonderful feast: (n, v) junket, fete; (n) entertainment, dinner, binge, spread, celebration, jamboree, carousal; (v) feed, eat. ANTONYMS: (v) abstain, starve; (n) snack feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion, nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n, v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge feathers: (n) plumage, fur, indument, garment, garb, fine hair, clothing, dress, apparel, attire, array feeble: (adj) delicate, decrepit, ailing, helpless, powerless, poor, mild, lax, thin; (adj, v) faint, debilitated. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, vigorous, hearty, tough, effective, powerful, unrelenting, robust, potent, persuasive, able feed: (v) eat, dine, browse, encourage, board, diet, nourish, fatten; (n, v) nurture, provender; (n) aliment. ANTONYMS: (v) thwart, crave, desire, sap feel: (v) experience, finger, handle, consider, find; (n, v) sense, sound; (n) feeling, texture, atmosphere, air. ANTONYMS: (v) observe, doubt, question, mistrust, ignore, disregard, disbelieve, challenge feet: (v) legs, pegs, pins, trotters; (n) foots, ft, fete, meter, rescue

fell: (v) cut, chop, bring down, drop, cut down; (adj) barbarous, cruel; (adj, v) prostrate, floor, knock down; (n) skin. ANTONYMS: (v) construct, erect, raise, build fellow: (adj, n) comrade, associate; (n) boy, equal, brother, peer, chap, colleague, compeer, buddy; (adj, n, v) concomitant. ANTONYMS: (n) female, woman, girl, foe, enemy, antagonist, competitor felon: (n) convict, culprit, crook, malefactor, thug, desperado, miscreant, offender, hoodlum, outlaw; (adj) felonious felonious: (n) felon; (adj) flagitious, illegal, guilty, atrocious, wrongful, villainous, nefarious, malicious, infamous; (v) sinister felony: (n) burglary, sin, extortion, capture, bribery, delinquency, misdeed, fault, misdemeanor, misdemeanour, offence. ANTONYM: (n) uprightness fence: (n, v) hedge, wall, bar; (n) barrier, hurdle, pale, boundary; (v) quibble, enclose, parry, contend. ANTONYMS: (v) challenge, face, confront fertile: (adj) productive, fat, fecund, abundant, fruitful, exuberant, copious, affluent, bountiful, generous; (adj, v) creative. ANTONYMS: (adj) sterile, unproductive, barren, fruitless, arid, impotent, withering fetch: (v) carry, bring, bring in, convey, draw, elicit, deliver, catch, get, attract; (adj, n) feint field: (n) area, battlefield, ground, place, domain, discipline, range, realm, battleground, section, compass fields: (n) field, domains, plain, notification fields, rotation, alternation of crops, grounds fiend: (n) monster, devil, fanatic, brute, deuce, incubus, goblin, ogre, enthusiast, daemon, addict. ANTONYM: (n) angel fierce: (adj) bitter, acute, cruel, ferocious, brutal, grim, nasty, intense, ardent; (adj, v) savage, furious. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, mild, calm, quiet, tame, docile, weak, peaceful, pleasant fifth: (n) interval, twenty percent, common fraction, fifth part; (adv) fifthly; (v) decimate fight: (n, v) battle, dispute, contest, quarrel, engagement, feud, squabble, argue, struggle, clash;

171 (adj, n, v) brawl. ANTONYMS: (n, v) withdrawal, retreat; (n) fear, surrender, agreement; (v) compromise, favor, submit fill: (v) block, clog, stuff, line, charge, execute, accomplish, complete, brim, fulfill; (n) crowd. ANTONYMS: (v) empty, free, deplete, unpack, unload, notch, deflate, desert filth: (n) grime, garbage, foulness, impurity, soil, blot, stain, nastiness, squalor, uncleanliness; (adj) impure. ANTONYMS: (n) cleanliness, luxury, loveliness find: (v) catch, detect, encounter, come across, feel, attain, ascertain; (n) detection, disclosure, search, discovery. ANTONYMS: (v) misplace, search, fail; (n) loss finger: (v) feel, handle, touch, thumb, indicate, point; (n) digit, dactyl, forefinger, pointer; (n, v) hand. ANTONYM: (v) clear fire: (v) eject, dismiss, kindle, ignite; (n, v) discharge, blaze, flame, explode; (n) ardor, conflagration, fervor. ANTONYMS: (v) hire, defuse, deflate, employ, dampen, detain; (n) laziness firm: (adj, adv) hard; (adj, v) stable, compact, determined, close, resolute; (adj) fixed, steadfast, solid, strong; (adj, n) steady. ANTONYMS: (adj) irresolute, weak, soft, hesitant, limp, liquid, soggy, lenient, indefinite, loose, inconstant firmly: (adv) solidly, steadfastly, securely, resolutely, strongly, steadily, unwaveringly, stably, fixedly, robustly, rigidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) weakly, loosely, uncertainly, halfheartedly, leniently, unsteadily, shakily, yielding, indefinitely, irresolutely, feebly fish: (n) bird, eel, fishing, Pisces, anchovy, chondrichthian, alewife, shellfish; (v) seek, hunt, pursue fits: (v) epilepsy, bustle, racket, fuss, hubbub, megrims, rout, subsultus, staggers five: (n) fives, quintuplet, quint, Phoebe, basketball team, fin, squad, ace, digit; (adj, n) v; (adj) quinary fixed: (adj, v) determined, durable; (adj, adv, v) stable; (adj) definite, intent, fast, determinate, certain, set; (adj, adv, n) steady; (adj, n, v) constant. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, separate, adaptable, adjustable, changeable, movable, variable, compliant, temporary, removable, portable

172 flagging: (adj) tired, fading, lazy, slack, failing, remiss, pendulous; (v) lame, halting, enervate; (n) pavement. ANTONYM: (adj) prompt flames: (n) fire, blaze, firestorm, hellhole flaming: (adj, n) burning, ardent, glowing, passionate; (adj) blazing, ablaze, aflame, hot; (n) enthusiastic, flame, fire. ANTONYMS: (adj) extinguished, placid, gentle, quiet flatter: (v) fawn, adulate, wheedle, cajole, soap, kowtow, blandish, grovel, butter up; (n, v) court; (n) caress. ANTONYMS: (v) insult, disparage, criticize, discourage flattering: (adj) ingratiating, complimentary, courtly, obsequious, adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, unflattering, unattractive, wounding, uncomplimentary, negative; (adv) partially flattery: (n, v) cajolery; (n) blarney, compliment, adulation, taffy, palaver, praise, gloze, sweet talk, sycophancy, soft soap. ANTONYMS: (n) insult, offense flesh: (adj) carnality, concupiscence; (n) mortality, beef, form, figure, frame, person, mankind, humanity, meat flint: (adj) stone, pebble, fossil, granite, marble; (n) quartz, silica, flint river, gunflint, crystal, crag flinty: (adj) rocky, unyielding, grim, unfeeling, stern, stony, severe, hard, cruel, obdurate, heartless flood: (n, v) flow, torrent, pour, stream, glut, rush, gush; (v) drench, inundate, drown; (n, prep) tide. ANTONYMS: (n) drought, shortage, slump, deficit; (v) disperse, dry flourish: (n, v) display; (v) thrive, prosper, boast, wave, brag, wield, boom, grow; (adj, v) bloom; (adv, v) shake. ANTONYMS: (v) decline, struggle, deteriorate, wilt, pine, fade, flounder, decrease, dwindle flourishes: (n) added extras, trappings, superfluities, trimmings, accompaniments, additions, embellishments flow: (n, v) stream, course, flux, surge, run, jet; (n) current, discharge; (v) float, emanate, well. ANTONYMS: (n) drought; (v) trickle flowering: (adj) blooming, abloom, efflorescent, flourishing; (n) bloom,

King Henry VI, Part II blossom, flower, anthesis, inflorescence, efflorescence, florescence flying: (adj) fast, quick, rapid, swift, moving, flaring, aflare; (n) fly, flight, aviation, ballooning folks: (n) people, folk, tribe, relations, household, house, relatives, relative, kindred, lineage, kin follow: (v) chase, adopt, adhere, succeed, accompany, abide by, comprehend, ensue, track; (adj, v) catch, grasp. ANTONYMS: (v) guide, lead, head, disobey, deny, ignore, misunderstand, predate, exceed, defy, break followers: (n) adherents, people, entourage, claque, faithful, disciples, supporters, multitude, attendants, support, suite following: (adj) consequent, ensuing, subsequent, consecutive, succeeding; (adj, v) consequential; (n) entourage, pursuit, followers; (adv) under, after. ANTONYMS: (adj) leading, previous, alternate, earlier; (n) nonbelievers fond: (adj) affectionate, caring, devoted, tender, loving, amorous, delicate, adoring, doting, ardent, attached. ANTONYMS: (adj) aversion, cold, rough fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown, idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v) deceive, bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull. ANTONYM: (n) savant foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise, preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible, shrewd, prudent, visionary, diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, rational, mature, judicious foot: (n) base, feet, foundation, footing, pes, paw, basis, leg, measure; (v) hoof, pay. ANTONYMS: (v) owe; (n) head footing: (n) foothold, base, bottom, foundation, status, rank, foot, pedestal, situation, relation, root. ANTONYM: (n) top forbear: (v) refrain, desist, help, tolerate, abide, eschew, endure, relinquish; (n) predecessor, progenitor, forebear forbears: (n) lineage, forefathers forbid: (v) prohibit, ban, disallow, bar, obstruct, exclude, deny, avert, frustrate, to prohibit, enjoin. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, let, approve, authorize, stand force: (n, v) drive, squeeze, pressure,

thrust; (n) energy, strength, agency; (v) coerce, push, press, compel. ANTONYMS: (n) persuasion, ineffectiveness, inertia, apathy, moderation; (v) request, wheedle, pull, push, restrain, prevent forces: (n) troop, army, troops, rank and file, services, war, Armed Services, enmity forefathers: (n) patriarchs, forefather, ancestor, colony, lineage, family foreign: (adj) extraneous, extrinsic, alien, exterior, external, exotic, strange, oversea, adventitious, unfamiliar, stranger. ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, domestic, internal, relevant, national, natural forewarning: (n) premonition, warning, caution, advice, caveat, foreboding, presentiment, boding, information, notice, presage forfend: (v) prevent, avert, rule out, preclude, obviate, forbid, fend, deter, prohibit forget: (v) leave, miss, blank out, bury, to forget, overlook, neglect, ignore, fail, unlearn, abandon. ANTONYMS: (v) mind, attend forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, castigate forked: (adj) bifurcate, divided, branching, bifurcated, furcated, biramous, double, forked road, furcate, tined, forky forlorn: (adj) hopeless, desolate, despairing, unhappy, miserable, deserted, disconsolate, downcast, cheerless, wretched, abject. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, hopeful, fine form: (n, v) make, fashion, design, build, arrange, shape; (adj, n) figure; (v) establish, constitute, do; (n) ceremony. ANTONYMS: (v) deform, destroy forsake: (v) abandon, ditch, relinquish, abdicate, fail, leave, forgo, chuck, disclaim; (n, v) drop; (adj, v) quit. ANTONYM: (v) support forsooth: (adv) really, actually, certainly, indeed, in truth, truly, by right; (adj) in fact, joking apart; (int) quotha forth: (adv) away, along, onward, ahead, before, on, off, on the high road, on the road, on the way, under way forthcoming: (adj) coming,

William Shakespeare approaching, upcoming, outgoing, imminent, pending, oncoming, extroverted, gracious; (v) batching, brewing. ANTONYMS: (adj) past, current, unavailable, reticent, restrained, distant, quiet fortune: (n) estate, fate, fluke, destiny, luck, accident, means, assets, riches, abundance, doom. ANTONYM: (n) design fortunes: (n) adventures, fortune, personal narrative, life, journal forward: (adj, prep) bold; (adj, adv) onward; (adj) audacious; (adj, n, v) promote; (v) expedite, dispatch; (adv) fore, along, ahead; (adv, n, v) further; (adj, adv, n) early. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) backward; (adj) posterior, timid, reverse, abashed, late, formal; (adv) behind, rearward, back, aft foul: (adj, v) nasty, base, corrupt, coarse; (adj) filthy, disgusting, evil, unclean, putrid; (n, v) defile, soil. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) clean, pure; (adj) pleasant, fair, inoffensive, humane, attractive, honest, pleasing, fragrant; (v) unclog found: (v) erect, build, base, form, construct, constitute, appoint, institute, set up, create, ground. ANTONYMS: (v) abolish, disband; (adj) lost four: (n) quaternary, foursome, tetrad, quaternion, quadruplet, square, quarter, quad, air, age of man; (adj, n) IV fourteen: (adj, n) XIV fourth: (adv) fourthly; (n) interval, third, after part, common fraction, fourth part, quartern, second; (adj) quaternary fowl: (n) poultry, bird, domestic fowl, chick, cochin, birds, partlet, poult, hen, fowls, rooster frame: (n, v) construct, design, fabricate, make, fashion, border, build, forge; (v) draft, erect, contrive frames: (n) framework, ribs france: (n) Frances, Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault, regional operations in Germany, Anatole France fraudful: (adj) cheating, crafty, cunning, deceitful, fraudulent, designing, deceiving, dishonest free: (adj, v) exempt, liberate, discharge; (adj, adv, v) loose; (v) excuse, extricate, relieve, disentangle, ease; (adj, n) frank; (adj) liberal. ANTONYMS: (adj) restricted, imprisoned, repressive,

secure, strict, stuck, confined, tangled, compelled, dependent; (v) confine freedom: (adj, n) franchise, immunity; (n) deliverance, autonomy, release, discharge, emancipation, escape, liberty, right; (adj) frankness. ANTONYMS: (n) imprisonment, restriction, captivity, suppression, dependence, restraint, capture, chance, conformity, inclusion freely: (adv) loosely, frankly, openly, generously, independently, gratuitously, voluntarily, liberally, free, sparely; (adj, adv) spontaneously. ANTONYMS: (adv) reluctantly, deceitfully, accurately, meagerly, parsimoniously, secretly, stingily, unwillingly; (adj) restricted french: (adj) Gallic, Frankish, Gallican, Gallian; (v) to take French leave; (n) Frenchman, romance language, French people, Daniel Chester French, profanity, the French frenchwoman: (n) Gaul, savoyard, Norman, frog, French person, French, Breton, Angevine, Angevin, Parisian fret: (n, v) gall, irritate, trouble, worry; (v) agitate, chafe, rub, fray, upset, annoy; (n) anxiety fretful: (adj, v) querulous; (adj) restless, anxious, testy, sullen, irritable, impatient, uneasy, petulant, fidgety, crabbed. ANTONYM: (adj) carefree friend: (adj, n) associate, comrade, companion, fellow, ally; (n) acquaintance, colleague, boyfriend, crony, brother, mate. ANTONYMS: (n) foe, stranger, rival, nemesis, adversary, antagonist friends: (n) circle, associates, connections, links, support group, acquaintances fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, horror, consternation, apprehension. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, courage, confidence, security frightful: (adj, v) fearful; (adj) formidable, awful, fearsome, appalling, gruesome, horrible, terrible, dread, frightening, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, calming, soothing, pleasant, lovely, fair front: (v) confront, look; (n) countenance, forefront, appearance, facade, forehead, frontage; (adj, n)

173 head; (n, v) disguise; (adj) fore. ANTONYMS: (adj, n, v) back; (adj, n) end; (adj) posterior; (v) follow frosty: (adj, v) icy, glacial; (adj) frigid, freezing, wintry, arctic, chill, frozen, chilly, bleak, cool. ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, pleasant, hot, torrid, tropical, balmy, approachable frown: (adj, v) lower; (adj, n) scowl; (n, v) pout, grimace, glower, glare; (adj) black looks, gloam, glout; (v) sulk, gnash. ANTONYM: (v) approve frowning: (adj) dismal, dark, gloomy, lowering, scowling, frowny, clouded; (adv) frowningly; (n) austere, boisterous, coarse frozen: (adj) cold, frosty, frigid, wintry, glacial, arctic, icy, freezing, stiff, congealed, iced. ANTONYMS: (adj) moving, hot, warm, boiling, fluid, liquid, melted, unfrozen, thawed, tropical, soft fruit: (n) crop, outgrowth, product, fruitage, progeny, acorn, production, yield, aftermath; (n, v) result; (v) return fuel: (n) firing, petrol, combustible, gasoline; (v) fire, arouse, encourage, excite, kindle, provoke, stimulate. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, dampen full: (adj, n) complete, absolute, entire; (adj) abundant, flush, broad, extensive, ample, total, enough; (adj, adv, n) crowded. ANTONYMS: (adj) lacking, starving, hungry, sketchy, incomplete, thin, deserted, partial, restricted, weak; (v) wane fulness: (n) fullness, entirety, completeness, totality fume: (n, v) smoke, reek; (v) chafe, rage, storm, evaporate, fret; (adj, v) seethe, boil; (adj, n) foam; (n) choler furious: (adj, v) fierce, violent, vehement, wild, rampant; (adj) frantic, enraged, ferocious, boisterous, raging, frenzied. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, mild, gentle, pleased, mellow, quiet, slow furred: (adj) hairy, hirsute, fur lined, wooly, fuzzy further: (adj, adv) farther, more; (v) advance, encourage, foster, forward; (adj) extra, additional; (n, v) promote; (adv) again, also. ANTONYMS: (v) impede, thwart, discourage, damage, regress, deteriorate, prevent, hinder; (adj) near furthermore: (adv) besides, further, also, more, again, additionally, in addition, too, what is more; (adv,

174 conj) and; (adj, adv) likewise fury: (n) anger, exasperation, force, resentment, delirium, furor, frenzy, indignation, craze; (adj, n) wrath, ferocity. ANTONYMS: (n) composure, calmness, mildness, calm, pleasure, serenity future: (adj) unborn, prospective, coming, intended, to come, potential, impending, approaching; (n) hereafter, fate, time to come. ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, earlier, near, nearby gait: (n, v) pace, step, tread, footstep, rate, stride, action; (n) walk, carriage, movement, velocity gall: (v) fret, chafe, irritate, irk, provoke; (adj, n, v) anger; (n) bitterness, cheek, audacity, acerbity, acrimony. ANTONYM: (v) please gallant: (adj) fearless, brave, daring, courageous, chivalrous, bold, manly, heroic, dashing, courteous, fine. ANTONYMS: (adj) boorish, rude, selfish gallop: (v) speed, dart, dash, race, spring, tear, hasten, sprint; (adj, v) fly; (n, v) trot; (n) gait gallows: (n) gibbet, gallous, gallowsbitts, hanging, noose, scaffold, halter, tree, rope, gallowstree, bough garden: (v) farm, cultivate, tend; (n) field, bed, plantation, orchard, grove, grounds, park; (adj) gardenly gardener: (n) horticulturist, farmer, florist, employee, hedger, husbandman, transplanter garret: (n) cockloft, loft, attic, house top, storey, level, upper story, story, dome, noggin, classical Greek gasp: (n, v) pant; (v) puff, blow, breathe, sigh, heave, wheeze, breathe heavily, gag; (n) inhalation, breath gate: (n) door, mouth, entry, doorway, port, exit, goal, barrier, approach, inlet, threshold gates: (n) bill Gates gather: (n, v) fold, tuck; (v) convene, garner, congregate, compile, assemble, accumulate, collect, meet, flock. ANTONYMS: (v) disperse, scatter, spread, distribute, disband, decrease, part, smooth gathered: (adj) deepened, congregated, accumulated, amassed, assembled, concentrated, equanimous, congregate, collective gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, garish, flamboyant, tasteless, colorful, tacky, brassy, tawdry, florid. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful,

King Henry VI, Part II restrained, muted, drab, modest, dull, quality gaunt: (adj) lean, thin, cadaverous, desolate, bleak, dreary, meager, bony, angular, lanky, sullen. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, rounded, obese gave: (v) deliver, allow, allot, provide, furnish, impart, administer; (n) gives gaze: (n, v) stare, regard, look, behold; (v) gape, see, contemplate, face, pry, view, glance. ANTONYMS: (v) glance, peek gazing: (adj) fixed gear: (n, v) outfit, harness; (n) equipment, dress, apparatus, device, baggage, thing, kit, belongings, stuff gelded: (adj) emasculated, cut, castrated, cut down, gashed, down general: (adj, v) common, frequent; (adj) comprehensive, national, universal, ecumenical, current, commonplace, public; (n) chief, commander. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) particular; (adj) narrow, individual, restricted, specialist, detailed, personal, localized, local, precise, limited gens: (n) name, epithet, figure, family line, folk gentle: (adj) easy, friendly, soft, kind, affable, balmy, mild, feeble, compassionate; (adj, adv) calm; (adj, v) tame. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, loud, fierce, caustic, violent, rough, hardhearted, abrupt, heavy, steep, sheer gentleman: (n) gent, Mr, male, patrician, sir, adult male, esquire, sahib, gentlemen; (adj) gentilhomme, gentlemanly gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs george: (n) Christian martyr, saint George, St George ghastly: (adj) awful, fearful, cadaverous, dreadful, grisly, gruesome, macabre, hideous, appalling, atrocious; (adv) gruesomely. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, lovely, attractive, delightful ghost: (n, v) apparition, specter; (n) shade, spirit, demon, soul, spook, spectre, goblin, appearance, monster giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, faint, silly, changeable, vertiginous, featherbrained, light, fickle, capricious; (adv) careless. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull gift: (adj, n, v) endowment, faculty, ability, talent; (n) donation, flair,

bestowal; (n, v) award, present, boon; (adj, n) capacity. ANTONYMS: (n) penalty, forfeiture, failing gifts: (n) money, generosity, contributions, charity, caliber, aid, munificence, bounty. ANTONYM: (n) meanness girt: (n, v) girth, girdle; (v) gird, begird, encircle, environ; (n) band, belt, zone, cingle; (adj) braced give: (v) extend, commit, donate, endow, contribute, dispense, deliver, convey, grant; (adj, v) bestow, accord. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, take, withhold, retain, receive, keep, get, hide, conceal, starve, withstand given: (adj) apt, disposed, prone, specified, liable, inclined, granted, fixed, conditional; (n) assumption, particular. ANTONYMS: (adj) taken, unwilling gives: (n) give, offer, provide, grant, accord giving: (n) endowment, donation, presentation, bestowal, disposal; (adj) liberal, generous, charitable, bighearted, big, humanitarian. ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty, tightfisted, malevolent, mean, stiff, stingy glad: (adj) jubilant, cheerful, gay, blithe, delighted, festive, content, delightful, genial, bright, willing. ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy, apologetic, dismayed, unwilling, disappointed, sorry glance: (n, v) look, peek, flash, peep; (n) gaze, glimpse, coup d'oeil, gander; (v) bounce, glint, ricochet. ANTONYMS: (n, v) study; (n) examination, perusal; (v) stick, stare glass: (n) bottle, drink, goblet, cup, drinking glass, spectacles, glasses, field glass, bowl; (v) glaze; (adj, n) ice glorify: (n, v) exalt, dignify, adore, honor; (v) extol, bless, eulogize, commend, laud, praise, canonize. ANTONYMS: (v) profane, mock, dishonor, condemn, humiliate glorious: (adj) distinguished, beautiful, bright, celebrated, brilliant, eminent, magnificent, super, great, splendid; (adj, v) illustrious. ANTONYMS: (adj) sorrowful, despicable, horrible, shameful, lowly gnaw: (v) chew, fret, crunch, corrode, nibble, eat, erode, to bite, munch, masticate; (n, v) chafe

William Shakespeare gold: (n) Au, money, riches, wealth, bullion, treasure, yellow, amber; (adj) aureate, gilt, golden golden: (adj) aureate, fortunate, gilded, auspicious, gold, gilt, lucky, advantageous, fair, favorable, favored. ANTONYM: (adj) inauspicious gone: (adj, prep) past; (adj) deceased, bygone, departed, desperate, lost, late; (adj, v) exhausted, extinct; (adj, adv) absent, away. ANTONYMS: (adj) present, remaining, found, alive goodman: (n) benny Goodman, the king of swing, Benjamin David Goodman, man of the house goodness: (adj, n) generosity, kindness, gentleness; (n) good, excellence, benefit, virtue, worth, morality; (adj) favor, beneficence. ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness, badness, corruptness, bad, immorality, corruption goods: (n) cargo, belongings, commodity, merchandise, product, estate, chattels, property, wealth, produce; (n, v) stuff gotten: (v) receive, seize, get, acquire govern: (n, v) direct, control, reign, rule; (v) administer, dictate, dominate, manage, check, bridle, regulate. ANTONYM: (v) deregulate government: (n, v) administration, management, conduct; (adj, n) authority, control, empire, rule; (n) command, dominion, governance, cabinet gown: (n) robe, clothing, cassock, vestment, wrapper, overclothes, outerwear, uniform, tunic, clothes; (v) clothe grace: (adj, v) adorn; (v) garnish, deck, embellish, beautify, decorate, embroider; (adj, n, v) favor; (n) elegance, beauty; (adj, n) clemency. ANTONYMS: (n) unseemliness, awkwardness, disfavor, inelegance, heaviness, unkindness; (v) deface, demean graceless: (adj) inelegant, clumsy, godless, depraved, gauche, abandoned, ungracious, dissolute, ungraceful, rude, barbaric. ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, suave, elegant gracious: (adj) genial, benign, good, courteous, compassionate, kind, accommodating, civil; (adj, n) benevolent, congenial, gentle. ANTONYMS: (adj) ungracious, boorish, discourteous, reserved,

rude, abrupt, critical, unkind, hardhearted, harsh, poor graft: (n, v) transplant, toil; (n) corruption, bribery, bud, grafting, bribe, implant; (v) engraft, ingraft, boodle grammar: (n) rudiments, syntax, grammatist, elements, vade mecum, praxis, punctuation, diction, wording; (v) initiation; (adj) grammatical granted: (adj, v) assumed; (adj) fixed, approved, settled, privileged, legal, decided, acknowledged, arranged; (v) disposed; (adv) yes grapple: (n, v) grip, clasp, tackle, grasp; (v) fight, contend, grab, struggle; (adj, n, v) lock; (adj, n) hook; (n) grappling grasp: (adj, n, v) catch; (n, v) clutch, clasp, hold, clinch; (v) comprehend, embrace, grapple, apprehend, conceive, cling. ANTONYMS: (n, v) Miss; (v) overlook, lose, give; (n) ignorance grass: (v) denounce, betray; (n) forage, cannabis, hay, pasture, fink, sward, pasturage; (adj, n) green, marijuana. ANTONYM: (n) patriot grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical, earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad, grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v) engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree, slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable, minor, insignificant, favorable graves: (n) Robert Graves, Robert Ranke Graves great: (adj) eminent, gigantic, big, distinguished, large, extensive, extreme, grand, chief, ample, massive. ANTONYMS: (adj) awful, insignificant, tiny, mild, poor, minor, useless, ordinary, slight, weak, unknown greater: (adj) larger, more, major, higher, superior, most, great, bigger, increased, considerable, not inconsiderable. ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, smaller, small, lower greatest: (adj) top, superlative, biggest, utmost, largest, extreme, first; (adj, n) maximum, most; (adj, v) paramount, supreme. ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, secondary greatly: (adv) badly, enormously, considerably, extremely, highly, vastly, immensely, mightily, hugely; (adj, adv) far, deeply. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, hardly, superficially, poorly, lightly, insignificantly,

175 barely, moderately greatness: (n) excellence, dimension, dignity, bulk, size, enormousness, bigness, enormity, grandness, magnitude, fame. ANTONYMS: (n) obscurity, austerity, commonness, mildness, moderation, simplicity green: (adj) callow, immature, young, jealous, youthful, emerald, crude, juvenile, gullible, inexperienced; (adj, v) raw. ANTONYMS: (adj) ripe, urban, withering, sophisticated, seasoned, old, arid, mature, limp, artificial greet: (n, v) receive; (v) address, acknowledge, hail, welcome, cry, salute, bid, weep, meet, recognize grief: (adj, n, v) affliction; (n) dolor, anguish, distress, agony, pain, wound, chagrin, concern; (n, v) regret; (adj) sore. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, happiness, comfort, content, peace grieve: (n, v) distress, aggrieve, afflict, sorrow, annoy; (v) trouble, lament, deplore, bemoan, fret, bewail. ANTONYMS: (v) rejoice, celebrate, encourage grievous: (adj) bitter, dolorous, dreadful, deplorable, sad, tough, pitiful, atrocious, regrettable, sorrowful, sorry. ANTONYM: (adj) successful grim: (adj) austere, glum, cheerless, dour, ghastly, dreary, forbidding, dark, dire, hard, dismal. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, bright, funny, kindly, hospitable, pleasant, promising, simple, wonderful grin: (n, v) beam; (v) laugh, sneer, leer, quib, quip, satire, skit; (n) smirk, grinning, simper. ANTONYM: (v) frown groat: (n) penny, doit, rap, mite, Grote, change, denarius, farthing, coin, stiver, pocket money groom: (n) equerry, bridegroom, stableman, hostler; (v) prepare, dress, arrange, train, coach, tidy, curry gross: (adj) coarse, boorish, big, crude, fat, common, blunt, disgusting, bulky; (n) aggregate; (adj, v) foul. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, small, remaining, refined, tiny, partial, delicate, cultivated, chaste, sensitive; (v) lose ground: (n, v) base, land, floor; (v) found, establish; (adj, n, v) bottom; (n) earth, reason, field, soil, dirt. ANTONYMS: (n) sea, figure; (v) launch, top

176 grounds: (n) cause, reason, account, basis, motive, justification, foundation, evidence, field, rationale; (adj, n) dregs. ANTONYM: (n) effect grove: (n) forest, orchard, thicket, coppice, wood, gardens, residences, Holt, bosquet, park, Hurst grovel: (v) cringe, crawl, creep, fawn, flatter, sneak; (adj, v) crouch, wallow; (adj) stoop, derogate, lose caste grow: (v) expand, advance, augment, enlarge, come, emerge, spring, become, farm, turn, get. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, weaken, shrink, decline, drop, collapse, struggle, wane, plummet, dwindle, deteriorate grown: (adj) mature, big, growed, grown-up, developed, ripe, grownup, fully grown, full-grown, growth, become. ANTONYM: (adj) unripe grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, murmur, murmuring, mutter, muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, grumpy, irritable guard: (n) defense, protection, escort, bulwark, watchman, custody, fender; (n, v) care, shield, cover; (adj, n, v) ward. ANTONYMS: (v) endanger, expose, neglect, reveal; (n) attacker guarded: (adj) wary, careful, chary, circumspect, cagey, vigilant, watchful, conditional, discreet, gingerly, conservative. ANTONYMS: (adj) frank, careless, trusting, reckless, open, unwary, natural guide: (n, v) escort, conduct, govern, channel, control, usher, cicerone; (n) directory, attendant; (v) drive, bring. ANTONYM: (v) follow guilt: (n) sin, criminality, fault, repentance, remorse, offence, guilty, error, culpability, complicity, delinquency. ANTONYM: (n) blamelessness guiltless: (adj) innocent, clean, irreproachable, clear, faultless, unsullied, stainless, pure, inculpable, immaculate, spotless guilty: (adj) culpable, faulty, wicked, hangdog, criminal, chargeable, sinful, blameworthy; (n) guilt, culprit; (adj, v) condemned. ANTONYMS: (adj) blameless, aggressive, proud hair: (n) coat, coma, haircloth, pile,

King Henry VI, Part II locks, filament, fleece, fur, hairbreadth, down, forelock half: (adj) moiety, part, short, defective; (n) semi, mediety, halve, division, piece, first half; (adv) partly. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) all; (adj) fully, complete halfpenny: (adj) feather, bulrush, old son, jot, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, rap; (n) bawbee, doit, farthing hall: (n) mansion, vestibule, lobby, foyer, auditorium, court, entrance hall, anteroom, concourse; (n, v) corridor, passage hallow: (v) bless, sanctify, dedicate, venerate, celebrate keep, do honor to, honor, commemorate, celebrate, enshrine, devote. ANTONYM: (v) desecrate hammering: (n) beating, pounding, pound, fagging, drudgery, needle hammer, defeat, knock, failure, British pound, Ezra Loomin Pound. ANTONYM: (n) victory hamper: (v) clog, fetter, hinder, block, curb, interfere, delay, handicap, debar; (n, v) cramp; (n) disadvantage. ANTONYMS: (v) help, broaden, encourage, assist hand: (v) give, pass, commit, bestow, afford, communicate, consign; (n) deal, worker, aid, applause. ANTONYMS: (n) boss, foot; (v) take handle: (n, v) conduct, administer; (v) feel, wield, deal, treat, touch, control, manipulate, direct; (n) clutch. ANTONYMS: (n) blade, head; (v) mishandle, bungle, conceal, crumble, avoid hands: (n) custody, keeping, personnel, safekeeping, hold, shift, workforce, men, manpower, guardianship, full complement hang: (adj, n, v) suspend; (v) dangle, depend, drape, float, fall, hover, append, string up; (n, v) delay; (adj) hung hangings: (n) long curtains hapless: (adj) unlucky, poor, wretched, luckless, miserable, sad, unhappy, ill-fated, inauspicious, jinxed, untoward. ANTONYM: (adj) fortunate haply: (adv) accidentally, by accident, maybe, by luck, casually, fortuitously, mayhap, perchance, incidentally, perhaps, peradventure happily: (adv) fortunately, joyously, joyfully, merrily, luckily, gladly, blissfully, cheerfully, felicitously, providentially, successfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) miserably,

unhappily, sadly, unfortunately, unsuccessfully, reluctantly, gloomily, discontentedly, despondently, negatively, grudgingly happiness: (n) delight, merriment, ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck, cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss, felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, despair, grief, misery, dissatisfaction, seriousness, dullness, discontent, dejection, gloominess, displeasure happy: (adj) felicitous, contented, gay, buoyant, content, gleeful, gratified, pleasant, glad, carefree; (adj, n) auspicious. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, depressed, dejected, sorrowful, miserable, unlucky, sorry, reluctant, irritable, unfortunately, gloomy harbour: (n, v) harbor; (v) conceal, entertain, cherish, contain, bear, shield; (n) anchorage, pier, sanctuary, haven hard: (adj, n) austere, rough; (adj, v) grave, severe, acute; (adj) bad, difficult, strong, callous, cruel, tough. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy, kind, soggy, tender, merciful, yielding, simple; (adv) lightly, gently, lackadaisically; (adj, adv) flexible hardly: (adj, adv) barely, scarcely; (adv) severely, harshly, roughly, badly, toughly, laboriously, arduously, cruelly, heavily. ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely, fully, well, easily harm: (adj, n, v) damage, hurt; (adj, n) evil, detriment, injury; (n, v) abuse, wound, blemish, disadvantage; (n) bruise; (adj, v) injure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) benefit, respect, help; (n) reparation, service; (v) enable, spoil, protect, defend, repair harmful: (adj) hurtful, disadvantageous, noxious, destructive, injurious, detrimental, dangerous, damaging, deleterious, evil, maleficent. ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, safe, helpful, advantageous, beneficial, benign, constructive, innocuous, favorable, pleasant harmless: (adj) safe, benign, inoffensive, hurtless, innocent, innoxious, intact, simple; (n) silly; (adj, n) foolish; (v) weaponless. ANTONYMS: (adj) lethal, damaging, destructive, poisonous, toxic, serious, offensive, malicious,

William Shakespeare hurtful, noxious, unpleasant harsh: (adj, v) sharp, bitter; (adj, n) grating, coarse, austere, discordant; (adj) grim, cruel, crude, unkind, stern. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, soft, harmonious, pleasant, lenient, kind, melodious, sweet, mild, lush, friendly hart: (n) deer, buck, drake, reynard, gander, fox, dog, cock, boar, roe, stallion harvest: (n, v) fruit; (v) gain, glean, gather, amass, get, reap, pick; (n) ingathering, profit, produce haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, rush; (n) celerity, expedition, rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay, patience, forethought, caution hastily: (adv) hurriedly, rapidly, quickly, rashly, promptly, suddenly, thoughtlessly, impetuously, swiftly, imprudently, speedily. ANTONYMS: (adv) carefully, unhurriedly, industriously, sensibly, prudently, late, calmly, thoroughly, patiently, gradually, cautiously hatchet: (n) tomahawk, chopper, adze, winter virgin, weapon; (v) cut, hack, hew; (adj) pickax, mattock, pick hate: (v) abhor, detest, loathe, abominate; (n) enmity, abhorrence, detestation, hatred, animosity, antipathy, aversion. ANTONYMS: (n, v) like; (v) adore, cherish, admire; (n) attraction, liking, delight, adoration hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable, nasty, abominable, hideous, despicable, repulsive, distasteful, foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind, nice, benign, desirable hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring, disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful; (n) venom haughty: (adj) supercilious, arrogant, assuming, contemptuous, proud, lordly, cavalier, vain, contumelious, grand; (n) boastful. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, meek, subservient, unassuming, considerate, deferential having: (n) estate, possession, acceptance, enjoyment hawk: (v) peddle, cough, expectorate, sell, vend, hunt, huckster; (n) eagle, goshawk, harrier, buzzard hawking: (v) angling, fishing, peddle, shooting; (n) Stephen hawking, colportage, peddlery, vendition,

Stephen William hawking, vending hawks: (n) Falconiformes, caracaras, order Falconiformes, harriers head: (n) captain, boss, froth, foam, crown, chieftain; (n, v) point, lead; (adj, n, v) front; (v) capital, direct. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) subordinate; (n) end, beginning, foot, mouth, rear, tail, body, underling, base; (adj) minor headless: (adj) acephalous, brainless, beheaded, foolish headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) rash, hurried, desperate, precipitous, impetuous, sudden, precipitate. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautiously, considered; (adv) carefully heads: (n) conspectus, contents, prospectus, syllabus, synopsis, public, textbook, people, outlines, head stick headstrong: (adj) intractable, dogged, obstinate, disobedient, unruly, willful, wayward, froward, rash, headlong; (adj, v) ungovernable. ANTONYMS: (adj) tractable, compliant, amenable, docile, malleable, agreeable, cautious health: (n) condition, fitness, welfare, pledge, strength, form, hygiene, sanitation, salubrity, shape; (adj) sanitary heap: (n, v) pile, aggregate, amass; (n) collection, accumulation, mound, mass, group, lot; (v) bank, collect. ANTONYM: (v) tidy hear: (int, v) attend; (v) find out, discover, understand, apprehend, hark, learn, try, examine, listen; (adj) heard heard: (n) hearing heart: (adj, n) core, gist, marrow; (n) spirit, center, essence, basis, kernel, crux, breast, hub. ANTONYMS: (n) body, surface hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades heat: (adj, n) fever, excitement, passion; (v) bake, burn; (n) warmth, fervor, summer, estrus; (n, v) fire; (adj) flush. ANTONYMS: (n) cold, chill, coldness, anestrus, apathy, coolness, dryness, indifference heave: (n, v) cast, fling, raise, gasp, toss, lift; (v) chuck, haul, elevate, pitch, billow. ANTONYMS: (v) push, drop heaven: (n) Eden, firmament, bliss, Elysium, sky, nirvana, glory, Elysian Fields, Garden of Eden, utopia; (adj) celestial. ANTONYM: (n) misery

177 heavenly: (adj) celestial, blissful, ethereal, delightful, angelic, blessed, elysian, holy, unearthly, godlike, sacred. ANTONYMS: (adj) worldly, miserable, infernal, hellish, unappealing, dreadful, turbulent heavens: (n) firmament, heaven, sky, welkin, sphere, atmosphere, celestial sphere, space, skies, area, vault of heaven heavy: (adj, n) dull; (adj) deep, fat, dense, grave, dark, full, gross, thick, bulky; (adj, adv) hard. ANTONYMS: (adj) slim, easy, thin, slight, skinny, puny, gentle, insubstantial, animated, nimble, entertaining hedge: (v) fudge, dodge, elude, evade, skirt, duck, avoid, circumvent, equivocate; (n) barrier, hedging. ANTONYM: (v) confront heed: (n, v) consideration, concern, regard, mind, attention, notice; (n) caution, advertence, advertency; (v) attend, hear. ANTONYMS: (n, v) disregard; (n) inattentiveness heifer: (n) cow, shorthorn, quey, milch cow heir: (n) beneficiary, successor, offspring, inheritor, heiress, receiver, progeny, heritor, descendant, scion, issue. ANTONYMS: (n) ancestor, donor held: (adj) absorbed, confined, kept, apprehended, seized, supposed, reputed, tenable, thought, trapped; (v) detain hell: (n) blaze, Hades, underworld, perdition, inferno, pandemonium, netherworld, Abaddon, Gehenna, purgatory, trial. ANTONYM: (n) paradise helm: (n) wheel, haft, handle, tiller, shank, rudder, steering wheel, shaft, hilt, halm; (v) helmet help: (n, v) assist, assistance, support, benefit, favor, avail, cure, assistant; (v) facilitate, ease, alleviate. ANTONYMS: (n) hindrance, detriment, interference, damage, disadvantage, disservice, manager; (v) worsen, aggravate, halt, hurt hempen: (adj) Hempen collar, tough, cannabine hence: (adv) consequently, for that reason, therefore, thereby, away, thus, for, then, because, henceforth, as a result henceforth: (adv) hence, in future, after this; (adj) following henceforward: (adv) in future, from now on, from this time on, from this

178 moment on, after this henry: (n) physicist, scag, smack, William Henry, horse, diacetylmorphine, Patrick Henry, Joseph Henry herald: (n) forerunner, courier, messenger; (v) declare, foretell, announce, bode, proclaim, introduce, foreshadow; (n, v) augur. ANTONYMS: (v) follow; (n) successor herein: (adv) here, therein herrings: (n) family Clupeidae, etc, Clupeidae hide: (n, v) cover, disguise, shelter, veil; (adj, v) obscure; (n) fur, fell, coat; (v) bury, mask; (adj, n, v) darken. ANTONYMS: (v) show, expose, express, divulge, unearth, amplify, advertise, clarify high: (adj, v) elevated; (adj) great, expensive, distinguished, lofty, tall, exalted, heavy, dear; (n) chief; (v) bad. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) low; (adj) deep, short, sober, reasonable, sad, resonant, lowly, husky, unimportant; (n) depression higher: (adj) greater, upper, major, senior, over, more, better, advanced, bigger; (prep) above, upon. ANTONYMS: (adj) basic, junior, lower highness: (n) excellency, altitude, loftiness, nobility, greatness, eminence, size, stateliness, majesty, high, grandeur himself: (pron) herself, themselves, yourself, itself; (adj) myself; (n) yourselves hindmost: (adj) last, hindermost, hind, back, backmost, final, posterior, hinder, ultimate, rearmost, farthest. ANTONYM: (adj) foremost hire: (v) employ, charter, enlist, take, rent, take on, retain; (n, v) wage; (n) employment, salary, engagement. ANTONYM: (v) fire hired: (adj) leased, chartered, mercenary, hackneyed, hack; (v) contented, compensated, paid hiss: (v) fizz, spit, whiz, whisper, whoosh; (n) buzz, jeer, hissing, ridicule; (n, v) hoot, taunt hither: (adv) here, whither, hitherward, thither hive: (adj) swarm, herd; (v) store, SE nicher; (n) concourse, hiding place, cave, cell, den, aerie, eyry hoarded: (adj) store, collective hoarse: (adj) gruff, husky, raucous, grating, strident, guttural, rough,

King Henry VI, Part II throaty; (v) coarse; (adj, v) hollow, sepulchral. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, mellow, velvety, high hold: (n, v) keep, grip, grasp, entertain; (v) endure, detain, adhere, bear, have, contain, comprise. ANTONYMS: (v) fail, disagree, lose, free, deny, remove, lack; (n) separation, repulsion holiness: (n) sanctity, godliness, piety, religion, righteousness, goodness, devotion, divinity, faithfulness, halidom; (adj, n) religiousness. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, unholiness holland: (n) Netherlands, Dutch, hollands, Kingdom of the Netherlands hollow: (adj, n) blank; (n) cavity, depression, cave, dell; (adj) empty, false; (adj, n, v) concave; (n, v) excavate, dent, scoop. ANTONYMS: (adj) convex, sincere, true, full, meaningful, cramped, valid; (n) hump, bump, hill, lump holy: (adj) devout, divine, heavenly, religious, blessed, hallowed, spiritual, devotional, pure; (adj, adv) saintly; (adv) sacredly. ANTONYMS: (adj) irreligious, unholy homage: (n) allegiance, obeisance, fealty, accolade, honor, loyalty, worship, veneration, deference, devotion, compliment home: (n) domicile, abode, house, residence, base, place, dwelling, family, habitation; (adj) domestic; (adj, n) household. ANTONYMS: (adj) external, national, public, away, foreign; (adv) out homely: (adj) plain, common, rustic, artless, home, snug, homelike, domestic; (adj, adv) ugly; (adv) plainly, simplely. ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, striking, uncomfortable, bleak honest: (adj) fair, genuine, sincere, good, equitable, artless, heartfelt, guileless, frank, forthright, faithful. ANTONYMS: (adj) lying, misleading, guarded, corrupt, disloyal, unwholesome, discourteous, disreputable, fictional, crafty, crooked honour: (n) fame, award, dignity, homage, celebrity, accolade, reputation; (n, v) honor; (v) respect, celebrate, dignify. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dishonor; (v) disrespect honourable: (adj) estimable, reverend, venerable, glorious,

honorable, distinguished, aboveboard, good, worthy, right, noble honours: (n) first, honors, degree, academic degree hoops: (n) basketball game, earrings, studs, jewelry, basketball hope: (n, v) trust, desire; (n) aspiration, faith, belief, expectation, confidence, expectancy, anticipation; (v) confide, anticipate. ANTONYMS: (n) reality, past, pessimism, distrust, independence hopeful: (adj) confident, auspicious, bright, optimistic, sanguine, rosy, probable, likely, expectant, upbeat; (n, v) candidate. ANTONYMS: (adj) desperate, pessimistic, gloomy, pained, doubtful, bad, unhopeful, unlikely, unpromising, down horrible: (adj) awful, fearful, frightful, abominable, grisly, formidable, dire, ghastly, dreadful, fearsome; (adj, v) horrid. ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful, lovely, nice, lovable, fair, delightful, slight, appealing, minor, attractive, great horse: (n, v) mount; (n) buck, heroin, junk, charger, knight, pony, rider, trestle, eohippus, dog hose: (n) stocking, pipe, tights, hosepipe, hosiery, fire hose, airline, trunk hose; (v) water, cheat; (n, v) wash host: (n) horde, flock, army, mob, troop, multitude, throng, emcee, mass, swarm; (adj, n) legion. ANTONYMS: (n) guest, few hour: (n) clock, o'clock, hours, time, hr, term, nonce, moment, occasion, dawn, dusk hourly: (adv) always, by the hour, daily, often, constantly, continually, frequently; (adj) horary, continual, ephemeral; (n) an hour house: (adj, n, v) family; (adj, n) home; (v) accommodate; (n) dwelling, firm, abode, domicile, edifice, habitation, housing; (n, v) lodge. ANTONYM: (adj) public household: (adj, n) house, home; (adj) domestic; (adj, v) ordinary, common; (n) folk, stock, clan, menage; (v) everyday, usual. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfamiliar, public humble: (v) demean, humiliate, mortify; (n, v) disgrace, debase; (adj, n, v) abase; (adj) base, lowly, unassuming, docile, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) impressive, arrogant, haughty, imposing,

William Shakespeare conceited, pompous, snooty, overbearing, presumptuous, proud, exalted humbly: (adv) lowly, meanly, modestly, submissively, low, shyly, lowlily, naturally, regretfully, remorsefully, repentantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) conceitedly, haughtily, pompously, ostentatiously, unrepentantly, affluently, brashly, pretentiously hundred: (adj) a hundred, one hundred, many; (adj, n) c; (n) cent, centred, riding, lathe, soke, tithing, carbon hungry: (adj) eager, avid, famished, starving, esurient, greedy, ravenous, desirous, meager, starveling; (v) starve. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, satiated, sated, thirsty, unconcerned, moderate, healthy, disinterested hunt: (n, v) search; (v) course, follow, hound, rummage, forage, prey, dog, go after, persecute; (n) battue. ANTONYMS: (v) find, precede husband: (v) conserve, economize, preserve, save; (n) consort, hubby, man, fellow, lover, master, mate. ANTONYMS: (n) wife, bachelor idle: (adj) lazy, indolent, inactive, free, unfounded, fruitless, baseless, groundless, frivolous, empty, disengaged. ANTONYMS: (adj) active, employed, industrious, energetic, meaningful, productive, worthwhile, diligent; (v) change, run, work idly: (adj, adv) foolishly; (adv) vainly, vaguely, listlessly, forgetfully, distractedly; (adj) thoughtlessly. ANTONYM: (adv) energetically ignoble: (adj) contemptible, abject, base, dishonorable, disgraceful, beggarly, mean, humble, degraded, despicable, caddish. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, glorious ignobly: (adv) currishly, scurrilously, meanly, unnobly ignominious: (adj) dishonorable, shameful, disreputable, infamous, base, discreditable, dishonourable, inglorious, black, despicable, degrading. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, glorious ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience, folly, unwisdom, innocence, denseness, ignorancy, stupidity, obtuseness, tabula rasa, unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n) intelligence, acquaintance, education ignorant: (adj) unconscious, unwitting, rude, illiterate,

uneducated, blind, dull, unaware, uninformed, unlearned, innocent. ANTONYMS: (adj) conscious, versed, cultured, educated, informed, wary, literate, aware, polite image: (n, v) picture, fancy, design; (n) impression, conception, effigy, idea, form, resemblance, epitome; (v) depict. ANTONYM: (n) reality imagine: (v) believe, conjecture, fancy, conceive, daydream, assume, guess, consider, fantasize; (conj, v) suppose; (n, v) dream imminent: (adj) forthcoming, coming, close, future, near, pending, approaching, at hand, menacing, threatening, prospective. ANTONYMS: (adj) remote, past impart: (v) give, convey, disclose, communicate, announce, grant, reveal, hand, bestow, divulge, confer. ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, withdraw imperial: (adj) majestic, grand, dignified, imperious, purple, stately, August, regal, noble, lordly; (adj, n) beard imperious: (adj) haughty, domineering, authoritative, arbitrary, imperative, masterful, dictatorial, commanding, lordly, magisterial, despotic. ANTONYM: (adj) subservient impious: (adj) godless, ungodly, disrespectful, profane, unholy, sinful, unhallowed, wicked, iniquitous, irreligious, irreverent. ANTONYMS: (adj) reverent, devout, restrained, good impossible: (adj) unimaginable, insufferable, unbelievable, hopeless, impracticable, impractical, inconceivable, unlikely, unthinkable, unable, ridiculous. ANTONYMS: (adj) feasible, achievable, manageable, bearable, attainable, on, tolerable, probable, hopeful, easy, consistent impostor: (n) fraud, cheat, hypocrite, fake, imposter, sham, charlatan, deceiver, faker, cheater, pretender increase: (n, v) extend, gain, accrue, augmentation, extension; (adj, n, v) augment; (v) grow, expand, aggrandize, enhance; (n) addition. ANTONYMS: (n, v) decrease; (n) reduction, contraction, decline; (v) reduce, diminish, drop, deteriorate, damage, abate, contract indebted: (adj) grateful, appreciative, thankful, obliged, liable, insolvent,

179 broke; (prep) beholden, debted; (n) debtor; (v) owe. ANTONYM: (adj) ungrateful indeed: (adv) certainly, exactly, in reality, surely, of course, assuredly, as a matter of fact, admittedly; (adj, adv) really, much; (n) yes. ANTONYMS: (adv) possibly, doubtfully indigested: (adj) crude infallible: (adj) sure, inevitable, positive, inerrable, unfailing, absolute, confident, definite, dependable; (adj, v) unerring; (n) sterling. ANTONYMS: (adj) fallible, faulty infamy: (n) dishonor, disrepute, ignominy, notoriety, shame, opprobrium, reproach, stain, discredit, baseness; (adj, n) pollution. ANTONYMS: (n) fame, virtue, honor, obscurity, pride infant: (n) child, babe, minor, nursling, youngster, chick, toddler, suckling, kid, pappoose; (adj, n) juvenile infection: (n) contagion, disease, contamination, corruption, illness, transmission; (adj, n) taint, pollution, septicity; (v) infect; (adj) contagious infinite: (adj) absolute, eternal, endless, countless, immense, incalculable, boundless, innumerable, immeasurable, everlasting, spaceless. ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, limited, restricted, small, tiny, slight inflict: (v) impose, cause, wreak, force, enforce, deal, deliver, administer, foist, put, obtrude inheritance: (adj, n) heritage; (n) heredity, heirloom, birthright, bequest, legacy, dowry, estate, appanage, heirship; (v) descent injustice: (n) iniquity, wrong, unfairness, bigotry, wickedness, prejudice, crime; (adj, n) injury, evil, harm, damage. ANTONYMS: (n) fairness, evenhandedness, reasonableness, goodness, tolerance innocence: (n) blamelessness, chastity, ignorance, ingenuousness, purity, gullibility, artlessness, innocent, simplicity, harmlessness, guiltlessness. ANTONYMS: (n) sophistication, experience, fault, dirtiness, wariness, dishonesty innocent: (adj) chaste, artless, clear, ingenuous, innocuous, guileless, guiltless, ignorant, unsophisticated, spotless, naive. ANTONYMS: (adj)

180 culpable, responsible, wicked, wary, experienced, corrupt, worldly, unfair, meaningful, offensive, jaded insolence: (n) impertinence, arrogance, audacity, impudence, effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall, disrespect, haughtiness, crust. ANTONYMS: (n) respect, politeness, meekness, shyness insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive, disrespectful, impudent, fresh, arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, modest, gracious, meek, submissive inspired: (adj) ingenious, adopted, elysian, creative, imaginative, elected, inventive, unearthly, brilliant, stimulated, enthusiastic. ANTONYMS: (adj) bland, unimaginative, abysmal, mediocre instance: (n) exemplar, case, time, illustration, sample, affair, pattern, chance, cause; (v) exemplify, illustrate instantly: (adv, n) directly; (adj, adv) immediately, at once; (adv) instantaneously, promptly, forthwith, now, readily, quickly, momently, momentarily. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, slowly, gradually instead: (adv) instead of, alternatively, as an alternative, in place of, more willingly, to compensate for, sooner, preferably, otherwise, on the other hand; (n) lieu instigate: (n, v) incite, animate, provoke; (v) goad, agitate, actuate, abet, egg on, encourage, impel, inspire. ANTONYMS: (v) terminate, quell, finish, end, calm, soothe instigation: (n) fomentation, encouragement, incitement, abetment, incitation, agitation, provocation, inducement, initiation, excitation, stimulus instinct: (n) impulse, urge, aptitude, gift, feeling, sixth sense, inherent aptitude, knack, inspiration, talent, genius intend: (v) destine, design, mean, aim, determine, denote, contemplate, plan, purpose, consider, believe. ANTONYM: (v) improvise intent: (n) idea, intention, design, spirit, meaning, import, goal, purpose; (adj, n) attentive; (adj) absorbed, engrossed interest: (n, v) advantage, care,

King Henry VI, Part II benefit; (adj, v) engage; (n) affair, account, gain, hobby, eagerness, enthusiasm, sake. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, apathy, boredom, distraction, hostility, detachment, inattention, repulsion; (v) repel, appall invent: (v) devise, form, create, excogitate, concoct, imagine, contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate, design, coin invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated, imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical, legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous, ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj) genuine, factual, true, actual invincible: (adj) insurmountable, unbeatable, insuperable, impregnable, irresistible, unconquerable, unyielding, unquenchable, proof against, impassable, invulnerable. ANTONYMS: (adj) defenseless, powerless, weak, feeble ireland: (n) Hibernia, cork, Emerald Isle, Irish Free State iris: (n) diaphragm, flag, pupil, rainbow, gladdon, blue flag, white, tulip, comet, tortoise shell, peacock irish: (adj) Milesian, Canadian; (n) ERSE, Irish whiskey, poteen, Irish Gaelic, Irish whisky, Irish people, the Irish irksome: (adj, v) wearisome, tiresome; (adj) boring, dull, annoying, tedious, trying, burdensome, bothersome, irritating, prosaic. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, pleasant, refreshing, soothing iron: (v) firm, flatten; (n) Fe, chain, cast iron, irons; (adj) hard, adamant, steel, harsh, tenacious island: (n, v) isle; (n) islet, reef, safety zone, Cebu, Papua; (v) insulate, isolate, segregate, sequester, separate isle: (n) islet, ait, reef, eyot, wight, aisle, ile, coral reef, coral Island, breaker, atoll issue: (v) emanate, arise, emerge; (n) aftermath, progeny, consequence, effect; (n, v) egress, release, exit, result. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, trickle, withhold; (n) resolution item: (n) detail, article, entry, point, thing, subject, object, affair, event, part, particular itself: (adj) herself, self, oneself, personally, myself, themselves, yourself jack: (n) flag, jackass, mariner, fellow,

jackfruit, sailor, jackscrew, socket, blue Peter, amberfish, crevalle jack jaded: (adj) tired, fatigued, worn, weary, wearied, fed up, satiate, worn-out, bored, satiated, sick. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, innocent, brilliant james: (n) interrupt, William James, St James, saint James the apostle, saint James, Jesse James, James river, Henry James, epistle of James, St James the apostle jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, sneer, clown jewel: (n) gemstone, darling, diamond, jewelry, trinket, treasure, ornament, idol; (adj, n) bijou, precious stone; (adj) brilliant john: (n) can, bathroom, convenience, customer, privy, loo, lav, lavatory, Saint John the Apostle, Saint John; (adj, n) toilet join: (v) unite, connect, associate, combine, graft, assemble, attach, affiliate, meet, get together; (n, v) link. ANTONYMS: (v) separate, secede, detach, undo, disjoin, exclude, leave, disconnect, diverge, refrain, untie joint: (n) seam, articulation, hinge, connection; (n, v) join; (adj) mutual, communal, common, collective, cooperative; (v) articulate. ANTONYMS: (adj) individual, unilateral, private, separate, solitary jointly: (adv) conjointly, collectively, unitedly, mutually, together, communally, combinedly, cooperatively, reciprocally, commonly, in agreement. ANTONYM: (adv) individually journey: (n, v) jaunt, go, travel, cruise, fare; (n) excursion, way, expedition, trip, passage, voyage. ANTONYM: (v) settle jove: (n) Jovian, Jovinianist, thunderer judge: (v) consider, think, evaluate, believe, condemn, assess, calculate, guess; (n) arbitrator, arbiter; (n, v) umpire. ANTONYM: (v) doubt judged: (n) judging; (adj) guilty, deliberate, legal, lawful judgment: (n, v) decision, belief, discernment, condemnation, sense, discrimination; (n) determination, discretion, opinion, assessment, adjudication. ANTONYMS: (n) clumsiness, request, tastelessness jurisdiction: (n) authority, dominion, district, judicature, influence,

William Shakespeare control, domain, government, domination, sphere, rule justice: (adj, n) equity, right, integrity, honesty; (n) judge, impartiality, judicature, jurist, morality, justness; (adj) just. ANTONYMS: (n) unfairness, wickedness justify: (v) explain, exonerate, vindicate, confirm, absolve, defend, deserve, apologize, claim, palliate; (n, v) warrant keep: (n, v) hold; (v) preserve, retain, defend, guard, maintain, continue, have, save, confine, observe. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, neglect, entrust, return, let, discontinue, reimburse, allow, stop, destroy, break keeping: (n) care, conservation, charge, guardianship, maintenance, holding, observance, storage, conformation, consistency, conformity kennel: (n) doghouse, ditch, gully, fosse, dike, drain, culvert, sewer, gutter, hutch, trough kept: (adj) reserved, preserve, retained, remain, store, reserve, hold, lodge, keep, retain, detained. ANTONYM: (adj) broken kill: (n, v) assassinate, destroy; (v) erase, annihilate, eliminate, extinguish, finish, blast, decimate, execute, eradicate. ANTONYMS: (v) revitalize, revive; (n) hunter killed: (n) casualty; (adj) fallen killing: (n) carnage, manslaughter, murder, kill, cleanup, bloodshed, assassination, massacre; (v) captivating; (adj) fatal, draining. ANTONYM: (n) preservation kind: (n) sort, form, class, variety, breed; (adj, n) helpful, good, humane, friendly, gentle; (adj) generous. ANTONYMS: (adj) unkind, cruel, hardhearted, mean, merciless, nasty, spiteful, uncaring, upsetting, callous, disagreeable kindly: (adj) kind, amiable, genial, charitable; (adv) sympathetically, benevolently, tenderly; (adj, n) benign, gentle, sympathetic, benevolent. ANTONYMS: (adv) harshly, nastily, callously, cruelly, sharply, disagreeably, grumpily, malevolently; (adj) upsetting, unfeeling, sour kindness: (n) generosity, clemency, compassion, grace, good will, graciousness, humanity, goodness, affection; (adj, n) courtesy,

gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) miserliness, spite, nastiness, callousness, cruelty, unfriendliness, maliciousness, thoughtlessness, sourness, severity, disservice king: (n) mogul, sovereign, chief, crown, tycoon, baron, ruler, magnate, majesty, rex, power. ANTONYM: (n) queen kingdom: (n) domain, realm, state, empire, dominion, territory, nation, crown, monarchy, department, land kingly: (adj, adv) stately; (adj) August, noble, regal, imperial, sovereign, majestic, royal; (adv) royally, majestically, regally kinsman: (n) relation, relative, kin, kindred, kinswoman, description, forefather, countryman, detail, consanguinity; (v) confederate kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, love kite: (n) flash note, base coin, plaything, parachute, airplane, bird of prey, letter, former, slip, accommodation bill; (v) scram kites: (n) harriers, hawks knave: (n) cheat, jack, blackguard, crook, rascal, villain, cad, scalawag, scallywag, scoundrel, varlet knavery: (n) quackery, jugglery, foul play, trickery, swindle, betrayal, falsification, falsehood, charlatanism, knavishness, roguery knee: (n) bracket, articulation, joint, kneel, knee joint, genu, articulatio genus, scythe, zigzag, sickle, bend kneel: (v) genuflect, cringe, stoop, bob, cry for quarter, dip, duck, humble oneself; (n) kneeling, knee, movement knees: (n) knee knew: (adj) known; (v) recognize, wist knife: (adj, n) blade; (adj) cutlery, edge tool; (v) stab; (n) sword, cleaver, whittle, cutter, tongue, pocketknife, chopper knight: (n) horseman, horse, chevalier, banneret, warrior, steed, knighthood, rider, heroin, h; (v) dub knit: (adj, v) tie, lace; (v) plait, intertwine, bind, join, pucker, fasten, interlace; (adj) stitch, knitted knock: (n, v) hit, blow, bang, bump, tap, strike, whack, bash, punch, cuff; (n) crash. ANTONYMS: (n) improvement, boost; (v) encourage, bolster, approve knowing: (adj, v) canny, crafty, wise;

181 (adj, n) clever; (adj) conscious, aware, ingenious, intelligent, bright, conversant, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) naive, uncomprehending, unconscious known: (adj) familiar, knew, conscious, certain, famous, know, eminent, plain, accepted, published, acknowledged. ANTONYMS: (adj) unknown, secret, unidentified, unfamiliar labour: (n, v) travail, labor, toil; (v) grind, fag, drudge; (n) exertion, employment, confinement, childbed, business labouring: (adj) drudging, work, working, busy, toiling lacking: (adj) incomplete, inadequate, defective, absent, short, wanting, destitute, empty, devoid, insufficient; (adj, prep) without. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, plentiful, burdened, capable, adequate, perfect, present, complete, privileged; (prep) with, including lady: (n) gentlewoman, Mrs, duchess, countess, spouse, madam, ma'am, milady, matron, woman; (v) squaw. ANTONYM: (n) Lord ladyship: (n) madam laid: (adj) layed, lay, place, placed, put, situated, arranged, determined, dictated, hardened, ordered lake: (n) pond, pool, lagoon, puddle, lough, reservoir, loke, bayou, crimson, lagune, carmine lamb: (n) sheep, lambkin, dear, hogget, kid, mutton, inexperienced person, honey, white meat, pork; (adj) naive lame: (adj) crippled, disabled, halting, feeble, halt, weak, paralytic; (adj, n) game; (adj, v) paralyze, maim, becripple lamentable: (adj) grievous, pitiful, distressing, sad, dismal, sorrowful, piteous, unfortunate, lugubrious; (adj, v) pitiable, mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj) laudable, fortunate lamenting: (adj) weeping, wailing, sad, whining; (adj, n) plaintive; (adj, v) bewailing, querulous; (n, v) complaining; (n) grief, sorrow; (v) dissatisfied lancaster: (n) house of Lancaster, Lancastrian line land: (n) country, earth, soil, kingdom, field, nation, estate, domain; (v) disembark, debark, get. ANTONYMS: (adj) aquatic, amphibious; (n) sea; (v) lose, depart,

182 embark lands: (n) park, estate, kingdom language: (n) speech, expression, lingo, diction, tongue, idiom, jargon, conversation, word, words, terminology lank: (adj) gaunt, angular, emaciated, meager, thin, skinny, spindly, spare, scrawny; (adj, v) lean, barren lantern: (n) beacon, light, dormer, tube, lighting fitting, bedside light, street light, street lamp, oil lamp, lime light, lanthorn large: (adj) ample, generous, considerable, broad, handsome, high, bulky, heavy, capacious, roomy; (adj, n) extensive. ANTONYMS: (adj) small, cramped, insignificant, narrow, microscopic, compact, tiny, thin, short, slim, paltry late: (adj, adv) dilatory, fresh, behindhand, backward; (adj) former, deceased, dead, slow, delayed, modern; (adv) belatedly. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) early, punctual; (adv) punctually, promptly; (adj) ahead, existing, alive, initial, middle, old, premature lath: (n) fillet, spline, batten, plank, list, ribbon, strip, rod, flat timber, spill; (v) frame latin: (n) romancer, romance language; (adj) classical, emotional laugh: (n, v) joke, giggle, chortle, titter, snicker; (v) smile; (n) jest, gag, jape, laughter, cackle. ANTONYM: (v) weep laughing: (adj) merry, smiling, laughable, jolly, gay, lighthearted, frolicsome, playful, pleased, dizzy; (adv) laughingly. ANTONYM: (adj) serious lawful: (adj) legal, just, rightful, constitutional, true, right, justifiable, licit, regular; (n, v) allowable; (adj, v) permissible. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlawful, prohibited, unconstitutional laws: (n) Pentateuch, Torah laying: (n) egg laying, placing, parturition, place, repose, setting, put, position, lay, oyster park, oviposition lead: (n, v) guide; (v) conduct, direct, contribute, go, control, conduce, govern, chair, bring; (n) clue. ANTONYMS: (v) follow, trail, descend; (n) disadvantage, inferiority leader: (n) chief, guide, head, captain, boss, director, commander,

King Henry VI, Part II chieftain, conductor, administrator, lead. ANTONYMS: (n) straggler, laggard, supporter, underdog, inferior lean: (adj, v) gaunt; (adj) emaciated, thin, bony, lank; (n, v) bend, tilt, slant, list, careen; (n) inclination. ANTONYMS: (adj) plump, rich, chubby, greasy, stout; (v) straighten, repel leanness: (n) emaciation, scrawniness, meagreness, slenderness, slimness, tenuity, bodily property, compactness, barrenness, fineness, gauntness. ANTONYM: (n) plumpness leap: (n, v) bound, spring, bounce, caper, dive, vault, lunge; (v) dance, hop, start; (n) curvet. ANTONYMS: (n, v) plummet; (v) surface, drop, hesitate; (n) slump learn: (v) get, find, ascertain, hear, find out, have, determine, con, acquire, tell; (n, v) know. ANTONYM: (v) reject learned: (adj) educated, knowledgeable, scholarly, academic, cultured, literary, bookish, lettered; (adj, v) enlightened, wise, knowing. ANTONYMS: (adj) innate, unconditioned, foolish, unlearned learnt: (adj) learned lease: (n, v) rent, hire, charter, contract; (v) let, demise, engage, take; (n) rental, letting, leasing least: (n) minimum; (adj) smallest, minimal, littlest, lowest, insignificant, minutest, negligible; (adj, n) smallest amount; (adv) at least, fully. ANTONYMS: (adj) maximum, greatest; (adj, adv) most leather: (n) fur, fleece, skin, buckskin, fell, pelt, doeskin; (v) drub, thresh, thrash; (n, v) hit leave: (v) depart, go, abandon, desert, lead; (adj, v) forsake, quit; (n) furlough, permission, holiday; (n, v) escape. ANTONYMS: (v) enter, arrive, stay, remain, come, approach, change, reposition, disinherit, occupy, participate leaves: (n) departure, leaving, plants, trees, vegetation leaving: (n) leave, exit, desertion, going, going away, farewell, departing, abandonment, withdrawal, boarding; (v) depart. ANTONYMS: (n) arrival, greeting, Reunion; (adj) incoming left: (adj) gone, absent, port, odd, remaining, larboard, gauche, sinister; (n) left hand, left wing, mitt.

ANTONYMS: (adj, adv, n) right; (adj) remaining, center, starboard, present legs: (v) pegs, trotters, pins; (n) patience, pedestal, stamina lengthen: (adj, v) elongate; (v) enlarge, prolong, draw, draw out, increase, expand, stretch, protract, continue, drag out. ANTONYMS: (v) clip, curtail lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide leper: (n) lazar, outcast, leprous, sufferer, pariah, refugee, mesel, invalid, castaway, derelict, diseased person less: (adj) inferior, wanting, minor, secondary, subordinate, deficient, minus, few; (adj, adv) lesser, lower; (adv) below. ANTONYMS: (adj) additional; (prep) plus letters: (n) erudition, literature, correspondence, lore, script, scholarship, post, print, mail, letter, polite literature level: (adj, adv, v) equal; (adj, adv, n, v) flat; (n) grade, degree; (adj, v) flatten; (n, v) floor; (adj) horizontal; (v) dismantle, raze, aim, demolish. ANTONYMS: (adj) slanting, unequal, angled, unsteady, askew, rough, shaky; (adj, v) uneven; (v) raise, build, crumple lewdly: (adv) libidinously, salaciously, lustfully, lasciviously, licentiously, loosely, bawdily, wantonly, unchastely, lecherously, ribaldly liberal: (adj) bountiful, handsome, benevolent, large, abundant, big, kind, broad, charitable, tolerant; (adj, n) free. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) conservative; (adj) totalitarian, oppressive, intolerant, reactionary, proactive, miserly, rigid, insufficient, stingy, tightfisted licence: (n) authorisation, authority, approval, liberty, authorization; (n, v) license; (v) certify, authorise, authorize, accredit, approve. ANTONYM: (v) decertify liege: (n) feudatory, liegeman, vassal, lord, liege Lord, subject, Luik; (adj) loyal, staunch, true, steady lies: (n) fabrication, falsehood, lie, lying, deceit, defamation, denigration, dishonesty, slander, libel, treachery. ANTONYM: (n) truth life: (adj, n) animation; (n) energy, spirit, activity, dash, enthusiasm, being, biography, existence, exuberance, live. ANTONYMS: (n)

William Shakespeare death, apathy, extinction, nonexistence, lifelessness lifeless: (adj) inanimate, dull, insipid, defunct, inactive, flat, exanimate, dreary, tedious, inert, lackluster. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively, stiff, alive, interesting, awake, moving, upright, bright, brilliant, firm, inspiring lift: (n, v) raise, rise, elevator, boost, heave, hike, airlift, advance; (v) elevate, erect, filch. ANTONYMS: (v) lower, descend, drop, hinder, put, return, impose; (n, v) knock light: (adj) fair, facile, faint; (adj, v) clear; (n, v) fire, glow, flame; (v) kindle, inflame, ignite; (n) illumination. ANTONYMS: (adj) heavy, fattening, nauseating, testing, stale; (n) darkness, shade, gloom, night; (v) extinguish, darken lightly: (adv) slightly, airily, thinly, easily, gently, light, fairly, weakly, flimsily, delicately, wantonly. ANTONYMS: (adv) seriously, heavily, thickly, sturdily, angrily, hard, harshly, densely, brightly, awkwardly lightning: (n) levin, electricity, thunderbolt, Leven, ignis fatuus, heat lightning, forked lightning, fetter, dart, chain lightning; (adj) wind likely: (adj) believable, probable, plausible, expected, potential, conceivable, apt, prospective, verisimilar; (adv) possibly, maybe. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) unlikely; (adj) improbable, implausible, slight, unwilling, unusual, unbelievable liking: (n, v) inclination; (n) fancy, appetite, taste, fondness, predilection, affection, partiality, admiration, approval, appreciation. ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, aversion, hatred, indifference, detachment, dissatisfaction, antipathy limb: (n) arm, branch, member, bough, extremity, offshoot, part, leg, wing, appendage, edge linger: (v) loiter, delay, dally, hover, stay, hesitate, hang around, procrastinate, dawdle, tarry, saunter. ANTONYMS: (v) hurry, end, rush, depart, lead lingering: (adj) long, chronic, extended, dilatory, protracted, prolonged, residual, lengthy, inactive, dull; (n) delay. ANTONYM: (adj) quick lion: (adj, n) celebrity, hero; (adj) worthy, great card, tiger; (n) Leo,

cat, king of beasts, curiosity, luminary, spectacle lips: (n) lip, inlet, logical inference per second, chops, porch, portal, portico, propylon, snout, door, orifice liquid: (adj) flowing, fluid, juicy, limpid, watery, succulent, sappy; (n) liquor, drink, beverage, juice. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) gaseous; (adj) firm, set, unavailable, unmelted list: (n) catalogue, catalog, inclination, index, calendar, enumeration; (n, v) file, tilt, schedule; (v) enter, itemize listen: (v) hear, heed, hearken, attend, harken, list, listening, eavesdrop, mind, concentrate, pay attention lists: (n) circus, Flavian amphitheater, cockpit, Corso, hippodrome, gymnasium, bear garden, playground, race course, turf, palestra little: (adj, adv) small; (adj) diminutive, insignificant, short, tiny, some, brief, petty, minute, exiguous; (adv) rather. ANTONYMS: (adj) enormous, large, important, huge, high, giant, older, old, tall; (adv) frequently, well live: (adj) alive, living; (adj, v) reside, active, dwell, stay; (n, v) subsist; (v) exist, be, abide, endure. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate, inactive, silent, dummy, blank, recorded; (v) die, perish, expire livery: (adj) liverish, bilious; (n) clothing, accouterment, uniform, complexion, legal transfer, color, hue, dye, bailment lives: (n) life, living, estate, existence, earnest living living: (adj) alive, live, extant, animated, active, fresh, animate, quick; (n) livelihood, life, being. ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate; (n) death, leisure load: (adj, n, v) charge, fill; (n) cargo, freight, weight, consignment; (n, v) stack, heap, pack, pile; (v) encumber. ANTONYMS: (v) unpack, remove, eject, relieve, empty, alleviate; (n) lightness loathsome: (adj) foul, hideous, distasteful, disgusting, hateful, abominable, revolting, execrable, loathly, nauseous, horrible. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, nice, noble, inoffensive, pleasant, admirable, good, attractive lobby: (n) foyer, hallway, anteroom, lounge, entrance hall, vestibule,

183 aisle, antechamber, corridor, pressure group, entry. ANTONYM: (n) exit lodge: (n, v) cabin, place, house; (adj, v) live, dwell, reside, inhabit; (n) cottage; (v) quarter, accommodate, fix. ANTONYMS: (v) dislodge, evict lofty: (adj, v) high, elevated; (adj) exalted, eminent, arrogant, grand, tall, haughty, great, distinguished, majestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, lowly, base, modest, deferential, humble london: (n) British capital, jack London, John Griffith Chaney, Greater London, capital of the united kingdom long: (v) yearn, desire, hanker, languish, ache, wish; (adj, n) extensive; (n, v) hunger; (adj) extended, lengthy; (n) length. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, brief, concise longer: (adj) longest, better, lengest; (adv) farther; (n) yearner, thirster look: (n, v) gaze, aspect, figure; (adj, v) seem; (v) appear, expect; (n) appearance, expression, view, glance, guise. ANTONYMS: (v) back, study; (n) perusal looks: (n) aspect, countenance, expression, manner, complexion, fashion, costume, garb lord: (n) chief, king, noble, sir, duke, master, God, seignior, nobility, Mister, potentate. ANTONYM: (n) lady lordly: (adj, v) dignified, proud, noble; (adj) haughty, grand, August, domineering, disdainful, arrogant, imperious, lofty. ANTONYM: (adj) humble lordship: (n) ownership, supremacy, domain, dominance, manor, worship, authority, power, dynasty, grandeeship, headship lose: (v) drop, forfeit, mislay, miss, sacrifice, fall behind, fail, to lose, forget, clear, hurt. ANTONYMS: (v) find, secure, recover, earn, obtain, acquire, get, win, beat, keep, succeed loser: (n) flop, washout, underdog, lame duck, dud, also-ran, geek, oaf, nerd; (adj) defeated, stupid. ANTONYMS: (n) winner, achiever losers: (n) scum losing: (v) lose; (n) loss; (adv) losingly, behind; (adj) unbeneficial. ANTONYM: (adj) lucrative lost: (adj, v) forlorn, extinct, gone, missing, helpless; (adj) hopeless,

184 bewildered, forgotten, disoriented, broken; (n) loss. ANTONYMS: (adj) present, found, existing, won, saved, aware loud: (adj) flashy, garish, gaudy, blatant, brassy, boisterous, high, jazzy, brazen, piercing; (adj, adv) forte. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, gentle, quiet, subtle, subdued, low, muted, weak, tranquil, thin; (adv) softly love: (n) desire, fondness, affection, dear, liking, benevolence, charity, honey, devotion; (v) enjoy; (n, v) worship. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dislike; (n) abhorrence, hatred, aversion, detestation, detachment, indifference; (v) abhor; (adv) roughly loved: (adj) beloved, pet, cherished, precious, liked, adored, respected, treasured, esteemed, valued; (n) darling. ANTONYM: (adj) hated lovely: (adj) beautiful, charming, lovable, enchanting, delightful, handsome, alluring, elegant, endearing, gorgeous; (adv) comely. ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant, hideous, ugly, unattractive, horrifying, horrid, unappealing, repellent, detestable, dreadful, awkward loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous, kind, friendly, ardent, attached, admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v) tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving, rough, paternal, indifferent, distant, disapproving, callous lowering: (adj) heavy, dismal, gloomy, threatening, dark, glum, murky; (n) fall, drop, cut, decline lowing: (adj) mugient lowly: (adj) base, lower, low, inferior, baseborn; (adv) meekly, meanly, modestly, poorly, softly, humbly. ANTONYMS: (adj) noble, privileged, high, aristocratic, refined, exalted, comfortable loyal: (adj, v) firm; (adj, n) unwavering, true, accurate; (adj) fast, steady, constant, reliable, devoted, dependable, obedient. ANTONYMS: (adj) disloyal, unfaithful, unreliable, disobedient, inconstant, treacherous, uncommitted, unpatriotic, unhelpful, fickle loyalty: (n) allegiance, faith, honesty, devotion, fealty, faithfulness, dedication, integrity, commitment, attachment; (adj, n) fidelity.

King Henry VI, Part II ANTONYMS: (n) unfaithfulness, disobedience, infidelity, treachery, impoliteness, deceit, indifference, doubt, dishonesty, unreliability lucky: (adj, n) auspicious, happy, favored; (adj) favorable, prosperous, propitious, successful, favourable, flourishing, fortuitous; (n) fortune. ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky, hapless, unfortunate, unsuccessful, disadvantaged, inauspicious, underprivileged, unenviable, unsatisfactory madam: (n) dame, lady, ma'am, gentlewoman, missis, Mrs, brothel keeper, madames, signora, female, bawd madding: (adj) frantic madness: (n) frenzy, insanity, lunacy, idiocy, folly, delirium, insaneness; (adj, n) furor, rage, desperation, furore. ANTONYMS: (n) sense, calmness, order magistrates: (n) bench, courts, judges maid: (n) damsel, chambermaid, lass, lassie, girl, domestic, amah, virgin, maiden, housemaid, handmaid maidenhead: (n) maidenhood, mucosa, virginity, purity, virginal membrane maim: (adj, v) cripple, deface; (v) mutilate, injure, deform, mar, damage, lacerate, truncate, disable; (adj) wound main: (adj) grand, great, leading, head, principal, prominent, basic, capital, central; (adj, n) essential, cardinal. ANTONYMS: (adj) minor, secondary, supplementary, auxiliary, subsidiary, peripheral, dependent, extra, side, trivial, marginal maine: (n) pine tree state maintain: (v) continue, assert, aver, preserve, defend, declare, guard, conserve, affirm; (n, v) justify, allege. ANTONYMS: (v) change, neglect, abandon, transform, quit, grant, end, cancel, endanger, refute, stop majesty: (adj, n) grandeur, splendor, nobility; (n) dignity, loftiness, magnificence, stateliness, greatness, king, royalty, highness. ANTONYMS: (n) austerity, simplicity mala: (n) cheekbone, bucca, malar bone, os zygomaticum, zygomatic bone, bone malice: (n) spite, animosity, enmity, venom, ill will, hatred, malevolence, cruelty, envy, hate, spleen.

ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill, benevolence, affection, goodness manacle: (n, v) fetter, cuff, pinion; (n) cuffs, handcuffs, bond, gyve, irons, trammel; (v) chain, bridle. ANTONYM: (v) free manhood: (n) majority, maturity, valor, resolution, personality, humanity, integrity, bravery; (adj) manliness, ripe age, maturity full age manly: (adj) manlike, masculine, manful, virile, brave, gallant; (adv) manfully, boldly, hardily, virilely; (adj, adv) stately. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, unmanly, cowardly; (adv) unmanfully manners: (n) conduct, etiquette, propriety, behavior, deportment, manner, courtesy, custom, decorum, good manners, usage. ANTONYM: (n) vulgarity march: (n, v) hike, parade, trek, ramble, journey, tramp, course; (n) demonstration; (v) process, pace, stride marching: (n) walking, mar, drill; (adj) ongoing, moving margaret: (n) madge, mag mark: (adj, n, v) notice; (n, v) brand, score, heed, label, blemish; (n) sign, impression, character; (v) characterize, distinguish. ANTONYM: (n) enhancement marquess: (n) noble, peer, nobleman, don marquis, Donald Robert perry marquis, lord marriage: (adj, n) bridal, nuptial; (n) matrimony, espousal, union, wedlock, intermarriage, alliance, coupling; (n, v) match; (v) marry. ANTONYM: (n) separation married: (adj) wedded, conjugal, matrimonial, connubial, nuptial, united, mixed, connected, marrying, attached, unite. ANTONYMS: (adj) unmarried, unattached, divorced, public marry: (n, v) wed, espouse; (v) get married, link, conjoin, wive, splice, tie, unite, couple; (n) marriage. ANTONYMS: (v) divorce, separate, split marvel: (n, v) wonder; (n) prodigy, curiosity, phenomenon, amazement, miracle, portent, marl, surprise, admiration; (v) admire. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) nightmare mass: (adj, n) bulk, lump, block; (n, v) flock, crowd, cluster, pile, bunch; (n) magnitude, collection, majority.

William Shakespeare ANTONYMS: (n) lightness, few; (v) disperse master: (n) captain, instructor, lord; (v) control, conquer, command, dominate, defeat; (adj, n) original, head, ace. ANTONYMS: (n) underling, servant, novice, amateur masters: (n) Edgar lee Masters master's: (n) postgraduate degree match: (n, v) mate, meet, pair, fellow; (v) agree, harmonise, accord, correspond, harmonize; (adj, n, v) parallel; (n) peer. ANTONYMS: (v) contradict, conflict, disagree, jar, differ; (n) difference mate: (n, v) equal, partner, spouse; (adj, n) companion, comrade, fellow, associate, friend; (n) compeer, consort, husband mates: (n) match, couple, mate, pair, Lucifer, friction match, family unit, family, equal, dyad, duo matter: (n) business, substance, issue, material, affair, concern, incident, article, subject; (n, v) case; (adj, n) import matters: (n) affairs, materials, dealings, proceedings matthew: (n) St Matthew the apostle, saint Matthew, Levi, gospel according to Matthew, St Matthew mayor: (n) provost, mayoress, city manager, politician, mayoralty, official, civil authority, administrator; (adj) major meagre: (adj) exiguous, paltry, necessitous, miserable, marginal, meagerly, gaunt, emaciated, inadequate, deficient, beggarly. ANTONYM: (adj) ample meals: (n) nourishment, fare, food, meal, the food we eat, provisions mean: (adj, n) middle, low, contemptible, average, medium, common; (v) design; (n, v) imply, denote; (adj) ignoble, hateful. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, kind, extravagant, charitable, luxurious, rich, expansive, extreme, great; (n) maximum, minimum meanest: (adj) last, least meaning: (n) intent, gist, implication, design, essence, consequence, significance, content, intention, connotation, aim. ANTONYM: (n) triviality means: (n) instrument, agency, income, assets, manner, funds, capital, channel, property, resource, resources. ANTONYM: (n) poverty meant: (adj) destined, implied, sincere, preordained, intentional,

predestined; (v) intend, designate meat: (n) food, gist, essence, core, kernel, heart, substance, marrow, crux, matter, beef meddling: (adj) busy, inquisitive, curious, meddlesome, intrusive, officious, nosy, dabbling, impertinent, busybodied; (adj, n) prying meditation: (n, v) contemplation, study; (n) consideration, reflection, deliberation, thought, introspection, musing, rumination, conception, reflexion. ANTONYM: (n) distraction meet: (v) find, converge, assemble, gather, fulfill, congregate, answer, cross, confront, intersect; (adv, v) encounter. ANTONYMS: (v) diverge, disperse, separate, part, leave, differ, disband melancholy: (adj, v) dreary; (adj, n) gloom, melancholic; (adj) depressed, dejected, dismal, gloomy, doleful; (n, v) low spirits; (n) gloominess, depression. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, cheerfulness, hopefulness, optimism; (adj) happy, bright, cheery, satisfied melt: (v) dissolve, deliquesce, vanish, coalesce, relent, meld, fade, defrost; (adj, v) run, liquefy; (n, v) thaw. ANTONYMS: (v) freeze, solidify, cool, set merciful: (adj) humane, gracious, lenient, compassionate, kind, clement, benign, kindly, gentle, beneficent, forgiving. ANTONYMS: (adj) pitiless, merciless, unforgiving, spiteful, harsh, impatient, severe, hardhearted mercy: (n) kindness, compassion, pity, favor, leniency, pardon, forgiveness, grace, charity, humanity; (n, v) quarter. ANTONYMS: (n) cruelty, harshness, unkindness, severity, mercilessness, ruthlessness, impatience, inhumanity mere: (adj, n) entire; (adj) bare, simple, pure; (n) loch, tarn, boundary, absolute; (n, v) downright; (adv) merely; (adj, v) clear merit: (n, v) deserve; (adj, n) excellence, worth, desert; (n) virtue, credit, significance, value, goodness, quality; (v) rate. ANTONYMS: (n) demerit, disgrace, fault, insignificance, mediocrity, commonness merry: (adj) joyful, lively, cheerful,

185 glad, jolly, facetious, frolicsome, lighthearted, festive; (adj, n) convivial, jovial. ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, miserable, serious, uptight message: (n) communication, information, errand, letter, mission, dispatch, statement, word, lesson, significance, note messenger: (n, v) herald; (n) harbinger, runner, emissary, bearer, ambassador, precursor, courier, carrier, apostle, errand methinks: (adv) meseems mickle: (n) muckle, lot, batch, deluge, flood, numerous, much, great, hoi polloi, hole, marihuana midwife: (n) accoucheur, oculist, howdy, obstetrician, aurist; (v) midwive might: (n) power, energy, ability, influence, strength, puissance, vehemence, intensity; (v) may, can, could. ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, feebleness, meekness mighty: (adj) immense, huge, grand, intense, high, big, forcible, strong, large, great; (adj, adv) powerful. ANTONYMS: (adj) puny, tiny, weak, insignificant mild: (adj, n) kindly, gracious; (adj) easy, lenient, benign, docile, humble, clement, sweet, balmy, delicate. ANTONYMS: (adj) extreme, pungent, spicy, sharp, severe, scathing, incisive, hot, powerful, great, passionate mind: (n, v) intellect, notice, regard; (v) care, look, attend, beware, keep, listen, look after; (n) disposition. ANTONYMS: (v) forget, neglect, disregard, disobey, Miss, ignore; (n) emotion, inattention; (adj) physical mine: (adj, v) excavate, sap; (n) excavation, pit, fund, land mine, vein; (v) exploit, burrow; (adj) my, delve minion: (n) cosset, follower, servant, pet, underling, hanger-on, spoiled child, sycophant, tool, henchman, lackey. ANTONYM: (n) superior minister: (n) envoy, priest, deputy, divine, ambassador, churchman, clergyman, cleric, curate, ecclesiastic; (v) supply minute: (n, v) note; (adj) little, delicate, microscopic, small, atomic; (n) jiffy, flash, moment, second, memorandum. ANTONYMS: (adj) huge, big, gigantic, significant, cursory, immeasurable, tremendous, important, colossal, giant, large miracle: (adj, n) wonder, prodigy; (n)

186 phenomenon, mystery, wonderwork, surprise, sensation, event, theurgy, astonishment, amazement mischief: (adj, n) evil, hurt, harm; (n) damage, ill, detriment, disadvantage, devilry, caper, devilment, maleficence. ANTONYMS: (n) obedience, beneficence, help misdoubt: (n) scruple, distrust, suspicion, qualm, jealousy; (v) dread miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched, unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject, deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate; (adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, generous, cheerful, cheery, bright, fortunate, hopeful, jubilant, luxurious, overjoyed, heavenly mistaking: (n) misunderstanding, mistake, imbroglio, misinterpretation, misconstruction, misapprehension, misconstrual, interpretation, misreading; (adj) mistaken, misleading mistress: (n) dame, concubine, madame, inamorata, lady, lover, fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept woman, missis mistrust: (adj, n, v) distrust; (n, v) doubt, query; (n) suspicion, misgiving, disbelief, apprehension, wariness; (v) suspect, disbelieve, discredit. ANTONYM: (v) believe misty: (adj) hazy, foggy, cloudy, brumous, dim, indistinct, nebulous, fuzzy, dark, dull, blurred. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct money: (n) currency, capital, kale, funds, means, lucre, assets, legal tender, pelf, cash, dough monstrous: (adj) huge, atrocious, heinous, monster, immense, gigantic, grievous, ugly, flagitious, dreadful; (adj, v) grotesque. ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, minute, beautiful, good, small, lovely, attractive month: (n) calendar month, months, lunation, minute, hour, day, period, quarter, quinquennium, year, moonshine monument: (n) headstone, cenotaph, tombstone, tablet, shrine, slab, gravestone, landmark, statue; (adj, n) column; (n, v) record moreover: (adv) again, besides, in addition, further, additionally, into the bargain, beyond, what is more; (adv, n) also; (adj, n) likewise; (adv, conj) and

King Henry VI, Part II morn: (n) dawn, daybreak, forenoon, period, prime, aurora, a, amount of time, break of dawn, break of day, break of the day mortal: (adj) deadly, fatal, lethal, deathly, earthly; (n) man, individual, creature, person, human being, body. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) immortal; (adj) eternal, heavenly, mild, perfect, spiritual mortimer: (n) Roger de Mortimer mother: (n) mamma, mommy, origin, mama, ma, mammy, mummy; (n, v) father; (v) engender, generate, beget mount: (n, v) rise, climb, frame; (v) board, arise, advance, jump, increase; (n) hill, mountain; (adj, v) ride. ANTONYMS: (v) drop, decrease, wane, dismount; (n) valley, hollow mountain: (n, v) mound; (n) heap, height, peak, mountain range, stack, pile, mass, Ben, volcano, bundle mounted: (adj) equestrian, mounting, mounts, set, firm, affixed, decorated. ANTONYM: (adj) unmounted mounts: (adj) mounted mourn: (v) bewail, grieve, deplore, cry, bemoan, regret, distress, sad, wail, mourning, weep. ANTONYMS: (v) rejoice, celebrate, applaud mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, emotionless mourning: (n) lament, lamentation, bereavement, gloom, woe, memorial, sorrowfulness, sadness, sorrow; (adj) grieving; (v) lamenting mouth: (n) lip, lips, aperture, edge, entrance, snout, entry; (n, v) grimace; (v) articulate, pronounce, speak move: (v) excite, go, affect, carry, touch, instigate, travel; (n, v) act, drive, transfer, maneuver. ANTONYMS: (v) stay, restore, refrain, remain, rest, withdraw, stop, repel, come, leave mover: (n) author, proposer, originator, remover, creator, coaster, founder, generator, inventor, motive, traveller muffled: (adj) hushed, muted, hollow, inarticulate, faint, soft, subdued, low, quiet; (v) allusive, covert. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, distinct, audible, slight multiplied: (adj) many,

multitudinous, teeming, peopled, populous, studded, thick, increased, frequent; (v) absorb, acquisition multitude: (n) flock, horde, crowd, host, throng, concourse, mob, masses, mass, herd, swarm. ANTONYM: (n) trickle muse: (v) meditate, ponder, deliberate, consider, cogitate, reflect, brood, ruminate, speculate, think, mull. ANTONYM: (v) wander music: (n) melody, chorus, musical, sound, composition, monody, folk music, medicine, euphony, drumming, ballet mutual: (adj) common, communal, joint, bilateral, collective, public, united, concerted, shared, alternate; (adv) mutually. ANTONYMS: (adj) individual, unilateral, private, solitary myself: (pron) me, itself, herself, oneself, themselves, yourself; (n) I, yourselves; (adv) in person, for myself, in my opinion. ANTONYMS: (adv) universally, generally naked: (adj, v) bare; (adj) nude, exposed, open, barren, raw, bleak, unclothed, defenseless, au naturel, defenceless. ANTONYMS: (adj) covered, concealed, hidden, dressed name: (v) appoint, describe, baptize, list, enumerate, identify, cite, mention; (n, v) title, entitle; (n) epithet. ANTONYMS: (n) nobody, indecency names: (n) calumny, defamation, hatchet job native: (adj, n) aboriginal, natural; (adj) inherent, inborn, innate, congenital, inbred, indigenous, domestic; (n) autochthon, aborigine. ANTONYMS: (n) stranger, migrant, foreigner; (adj) foreign, learned, acquired, nonnative, overseas, adopted; (adj, n) immigrant, imported nature: (n) disposition, essence, quality, creation, breed, temperament, type, attribute; (adj, n) character, class, manner naughty: (adj) mischievous, impish, blue, improper, disobedient, insubordinate, wicked, evil, lewd, dark, unruly. ANTONYMS: (adj) decent, behaved, obedient, clean near: (adj, adv, v) close, at hand; (adv, prep) by, around, towards; (adj, v) familiar, adjoining, approximate; (adj, adv, prep) about; (adj, adv) almost; (adj) imminent.

William Shakespeare ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, far, further, actual, exact; (v) leave necessary: (adj, n, v) requisite; (adj, v) important; (adj) inevitable, compulsory, mandatory, fundamental, main, indispensable; (n) necessity, demand; (adj, n) basic. ANTONYMS: (adj) optional, surplus, needless, unjustified, dispensable, possible, unimportant, voluntary, nonessential, inappropriate; (n) inessential neck: (n) cervix, nape, neckband, neckline, isthmus; (v) make out, pet, love, cut; (adj) stricture, middle constriction need: (adj, n, v) lack, want; (n, v) demand, desire, deficiency, must, destitution; (n) necessity, requirement; (v) require, claim. ANTONYMS: (v) obviate, dislike, have; (n) option, luxury, glut, unimportance, affluence, prosperity needs: (adv) inevitably, needfully, indispensably, by necessity, inescapably, of necessity, ineluctably; (n) must, requirement, necessity; (adj) needed needy: (adj) indigent, poor, impoverished, necessitous, underprivileged, penniless, impecunious, deficient, miserable, deprived, poverty-stricken. ANTONYMS: (adj) rich, affluent, independent, solvent, privileged, satisfied ne'er: (adv) never, certainly not neighbour: (adj) neighboring, neighbouring, neighborly, adjacent, contiguous; (v) abut, populate, adjoin, butt on, butt against; (n) neighbourhood neighbours: (n) neighborhood neither: (conj) either, no-one, not either, nor, nother nephew: (n) aunt, grandnephew, brother's son, niece, cousin, uncle, kinsman never: (adv) ne'er, Nevers, always, not ever, by no means, at all times, not at all, not, NE. ANTONYMS: (adv) always, forever newly: (adv) freshly, recently, lately, new, late, novelly, unusedly, anew, fresh; (adj, adv) afresh; (adj) recent news: (n) advice, message, information, intelligence, tidings, story, report, notice, communication, gossip; (adj) new next: (adj) nearest, adjacent, contiguous, following, future, coming, ensuing, after; (adv, conj)

then, afterward; (adj, v) subsequent. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) previous, previously, preceding; (adj) outgoing, distant; (adv) before nigh: (adj, adv, prep) near; (adj, adv) close, nearly, almost, nearby, most, all but, about, adjacent; (prep) by; (adj) approximate night: (n) dark, dusk, darkness, gloaming, twilight, nighttime, Nox, eventide, period; (adj) nocturnal, gloomy. ANTONYMS: (n) day, light, sunrise nine: (n) niner, club, ball club, baseball club, ennead, Nina from Carolina, three times three, ten, nightspot, clubhouse, queen nipping: (adj) bitter, keen, barbed, frosty, crisp, cutting, inclement, fresh, pinching, snappy, raw nobility: (n) aristocracy, greatness, dignity, lord, noblesse, magnanimousness, baronage, gentry, nobleman; (adj) generosity; (adj, n) magnanimity. ANTONYM: (n) baseness noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious, patrician; (adj) imposing, impressive, elevated, majestic, generous, high; (adj, v) dignified, great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful, humble, dishonorable, lowly, lowborn, disgraceful, unimpressive, ignoble, modest, petty; (n) lady nobles: (n) landed gentry, upper class nobly: (adv) generously, magnificently, grandly, greatly, splendidly, honorably, heroically, aristocratically, bravely, magnanimously, courageously. ANTONYMS: (adv) immorally, poorly, timidly nobody: (n) cipher, naught, zero, nil, nothing, nonentity, cypher, zip, whippersnapper, none; (n, pron) no one. ANTONYMS: (n) celebrity, notable, somebody; (pron) everyone, anyone, everybody noise: (n, v) clatter, echo; (n) clamor, hubbub, racket, sound, disturbance, uproar, din, buzz, clang. ANTONYMS: (n) silence, quiet, quietness, sense nominate: (n, v) appoint, designate, name, call; (v) constitute, establish, make, institute, assign; (n) entitle, nomination none: (n) nought, naught, nobody, zilch, anything; (adv) not, neither, any; (adj) whatsoever, no, whatever north: (adv) northwards, northerly, northward, in the north; (n) n,

187 union, compass north, due north, magnetic north, norther; (adj) northbound northern: (adj) northerly, boreal, arctic, hyperborean, frigid, septentrional, most northern; (n) norther. ANTONYM: (adj) southern nose: (n) hooter, neb, nozzle, proboscis, honker, bow, odour; (v) wind, pry, scent; (n, v) sniff nostrils: (n) naris, nose note: (n, v) comment, mind, remark, mention, heed, mark, look, report; (n) indication, annotation; (v) detect. ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) disgrace, invoice nothing: (adv, n) naught; (adj, n) nil, null; (n) nobody, cipher, nihil, nonentity, trifle, nix, aught, cypher. ANTONYMS: (pron) anything, everything, some; (n) all notice: (n, v) note, mind, regard; (n) advertisement, information, declaration, attention; (adj, v) look, attend; (v) find, detect. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, overlook, Miss; (n) ignorance, inattention, appointment, unconsciousness notwithstanding: (adv, conj) nevertheless, although, even though, yet, but; (conj) albeit; (adv) nonetheless, though, still, all the same; (prep) despite nought: (adj, n) nil, naught, zero; (n) cipher, cypher, nobody, aught, nix, null, nada; (adj) no noun: (v) name, substantive, form class, count noun, content word, mass noun, term, common noun nourish: (v) foster, keep, bring up, nurture, sustain, aliment, cherish, feed, maintain, cultivate; (n, v) cradle. ANTONYMS: (v) starve, sap number: (n, v) amount, figure; (v) calculate, total, aggregate, enumerate, come; (n) score, act, volume, issue numbers: (n) rhyme, verse, measure, Numbers pool, meter, assonance, foot, crambo, strain; (adj) a quantity, sight oath: (n) expletive, malediction, imprecation, promise, affidavit, cuss, swearing, pledge, assurance, asseveration; (v) swear obdurate: (adj) inflexible, stony, obstinate, callous, firm, stubborn, headstrong, flinty, mulish, impenitent, rigid. ANTONYMS: (adj) compliant, amenable, accommodating, easygoing, caring, irresolute, soft, acquiescent

188 obey: (v) comply, listen, keep, fulfill, hear, conform, abide by, serve, comply with; (n, v) mind, heed. ANTONYMS: (v) disobey, defy, break, transgress, infringe, challenge, deny occasion: (n, v) cause; (n) case, event, juncture, episode, incident; (v) bring about, create, beget, make, induce ocean: (n) deep, brine, salt water, main, waves, watery waste, multitude, lot; (adj) oceanic, many, marine o'clock: (n) period, hours odds: (n) likelihood, probability, possibility, chance, advantage, likeliness, chances, disparity, prospect; (v) dissension; (adj) odd. ANTONYM: (n) unlikelihood odious: (adj, v) hateful, obnoxious; (adj) detestable, hideous, nasty, execrable, disgusting, abhorrent, abominable, heinous, forbidding. ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, delightful, agreeable, lovable, nice o'er: (adv) on, upon, across offend: (v) irritate, affront, insult, contravene, injure, disgust, infringe, displease, abuse, wound, anger. ANTONYMS: (v) please, delight, praise, attract offended: (adj) angry, affronted, aggrieved, pained, wronged, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, proud, unconcerned offender: (n) delinquent, malefactor, criminal, convict, felon, crook, wrongdoer, malfeasant, perpetrator, outlaw, villain offer: (v) give, bestow, put, tender, extend, impart, introduce, advance, propose; (n) proposal, proposition. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, withhold, take office: (n) function, position, agency, commission, appointment, division, place, bureau, post, job; (n, v) duty officers: (n) executive committee, staff offices: (n) kitchen, pantry, scullery often: (adj, adv) oft; (adv) much, again and again, repeatedly, ofttimes, oftentimes, many times, always, commonly, again; (adj) frequent. ANTONYMS: (adv) seldom, infrequently, never once: (adv, n) formerly; (adv) before, ever, previously, one time, at one time, already, erst; (adj, adv) erstwhile; (adj) former; (n) whilom.

King Henry VI, Part II ANTONYM: (adv) future open: (adj, n) frank, candid; (adj, n, v) clear; (adj) obvious, exposed, artless, free, honest, guileless, forthright, naked. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) shut; (v) close, end; (adj) devious, secretive, concealed, furtive, restricted, limited, reserved, secret opinion: (adj, n, v) judgment, feeling, notion; (n) idea, belief, conjecture, advice, guess, impression, view; (n, v) meaning oppose: (v) contest, contend, resist, contradict, controvert, contravene, counteract, fight, counter, disagree, dissent. ANTONYMS: (v) advocate, agree, back, advise, promote, accept, submit, encourage, correspond, approve, favor opposite: (adj, n) contrary, contradictory, opponent; (adj) adverse, different, opposing, hostile, diametric, opposed; (adj, pron) other; (adj, adv) counter. ANTONYMS: (adj) allied, alternate, identical, like, same, parallel; (n) sameness, alikeness, confirmation orator: (n) elocutionist, speechmaker, speaker, lecturer, Cicero, speechifier, demagog, demagogue, eulogist; (v) oratrix, oratress order: (n, v) command, direct, decree, dictate, sort, rank, array, commission, charge; (n) instruction, edict. ANTONYMS: (n, v) request; (n) mayhem, confusion, chaos, mess, anarchy, disorderliness, disarray; (v) disturb, deregulate, supply orders: (n) holy orders, information, preparation, remit, briefing, guidelines ordnance: (n) artillery, cannon, armament, munitions, arsenal, weapons, heavy weapon, catapult, bricole, munition, ordinance orleans: (n) siege of Orleans orphan: (n) waif, caterpillar, nymph, nympha, cocoon, Aurelia, tyke, staddle, youngster, shaver; (adj) orphaned ostrich: (n) Struthio Camelus, ratite, flightless bird; (adj) camel bird, doe, greyhound, hare, gazelle, antelope, eagle, courser others: (n) rest, cessation, lie, lave, LAN, ease, acquiesce, intermission outface: (v) brave, dip slope, gaze, outscout, stare down outlive: (v) survive, live, endure, overlive, live through, make it, overbide, overcome, remain, supervive, subsist

outrun: (v) surpass, outdo, exceed, outride, outstep, outleap, outjump, outgo, outdistance, beat, distance overcome: (v) crush, subdue, beat, vanquish, overpower, master, defeat, hurdle, get over, overwhelm; (adj) beaten. ANTONYMS: (v) fail, lose, comfort, protect, resist, surrender, capitulate; (adj) unimpressed overweening: (adj) overbearing, overconfident, imperious, disdainful, vain, bumptious, immodest, domineering, uppity, consequential, uppish. ANTONYMS: (adj) modest, unassuming owen: (n) Robert Owen owner: (n) proprietor, possessor, holder, lord, landowner, landholder, boss, proprietary, landlord, keeper, employer. ANTONYMS: (n) tenant, seller oxen: (n) bull, ox, cows, cow, cattle, Bos Taurus, bullock, kine, milker, beef, dairy cow pack: (n, v) crowd, bundle, bunch, load; (n) herd, company, bevy, batch; (v) heap, compress, jam. ANTONYMS: (v) unpack, unload, disperse, empty, loosen packing: (n) boxing, package, gasket, bundling, fill, pad, pack, envelopment, wadding, wrap, backpacking paid: (adj, v) compensated; (adj) salaried, paying, nonrecreational, profitable, remunerated, remunerative, mercenary, settled, prepaid, apaid. ANTONYMS: (adj) owing, due, unprofitable; (adv) voluntary pain: (n, v) hurt, afflict, ache, bother, torment, trouble, grieve, anguish; (n) ill, agony, nuisance. ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, cheer; (n) joy, peace, content, balm, ecstasy pair: (n, v) match; (adj, n) brace; (n) duet, duo, dyad; (v) join, mate, link, copulate, equate, marry palace: (n) castle, mansion, hall, alcazar, chateau, palazzo, house, palaces, regime, fortress, serai pale: (adj) faint, wan, dull, weak, light, bloodless, pallid; (adj, v) dim; (n) boundary, confine; (v) blanch. ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, rosy, brown, well, glowing, vivid, healthy, clear, colorful; (v) redden, darken palsy: (v) cripple, paralyze; (n) anaesthesia, apoplexy, akinesia,

William Shakespeare alalia, paralyzation, numbness; (adj) decline, consumption, sideration paltry: (adj, n) mean; (adj) contemptible, measly, trifling, abject, insignificant, inconsiderable, puny, little, trivial, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) generous, substantial, plentiful, enormous, important, profound pangs: (n) anguish, compunction, contrition, distress paper: (n) article, newspaper, discourse, newsprint, publication, journal, essay, periodical, report, magazine, certificate papers: (n) paper, documents, document, credentials, identification, newspaper, credential, inclosure, copyright, confession, charter parching: (adj) torrid, hot, parched parchment: (n) vellum, sheepskin, lambskin, diploma, testament, will; (v) foolscap, tablet, table, slate, pillar pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive, acquit, spare; (n) amnesty, forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify, exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate, condemn, convict; (n) intolerance paris: (n) genus Paris, French capital, City of Light, capital of France parley: (v) negotiate, converse, confer, consult; (n, v) talk, treat; (n) conversation, interview, colloquy, meeting, consultation parliament: (n) council, diet, assembly, legislature, house, chamber, convocation, Cortes, convention, junta, senate part: (adj, n) constituent; (n) piece, article, section; (v) break, disjoin, divide, divorce; (n, v) branch, division, character. ANTONYMS: (n) whole, entirety; (v) join, unite, meet, arrive, connect; (adv) wholly particular: (n) detail, item; (adj) fastidious, fussy, finicky, exact, individual, careful, definite, delicate, detailed. ANTONYMS: (adj) careless, easy, vague, ordinary, collective, generalized, slapdash, universal, strong, normal, indeterminate parting: (n) adieu, division, leave, departure, disunion, goodbye, leaving, segregation, dying, rupture; (adj) valedictory. ANTONYMS: (n) joining, meeting, connection, Reunion partridge: (n) grouse, bobwhite, bobwhite quail, wildfowl, phasianid, quail, game bird,

tinamou, ruffed grouse parts: (n) faculty, nous, quick parts, sagacity, wit, surroundings; (adj) ingenuity, cleverness, capacity, turn, talents pass: (adj, n, v) run; (v) flow, give, deliver, lead, happen, overtake, proceed; (adj, v) move; (n, v) offer, live. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, make, take, veto; (n) failing, rejection, exclusion passed: (adj) accepted, approved, legal, gone passionate: (adj, v) ardent, impetuous; (adj) hot, excited, burning, angry, fervent, fierce, animated, earnest; (adj, adv) fiery. ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, mild, passionless, unenthusiastic, cold, calm, halfhearted, cool, lukewarm, weak, uninterested past: (n) history, yesterday; (adj, adv, prep) beyond; (adj) former, bygone, old, prior, over, gone by; (adv) before; (adv, pref) along. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) future, present; (prep) within; (adj) current, contemporary, modern, upcoming, following, subsequent, later; (n) prospect pate: (n) crown, noddle, nob, crest, chief, poll, cerebrum, brainpan, cranium, scull, upper story patient: (adj) forbearing, passive, calm, enduring, resigned, uncomplaining, tolerant, stoical, lenient, meek, persistent. ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerant, annoyed, eager, harsh pause: (n, v) halt, interruption, adjournment, delay, respite, stop; (adj, n, v) rest; (n) intermission, gap; (adj, v) discontinue; (v) hesitate. ANTONYMS: (n) decisiveness, continuation, start; (v) proceed pawn: (n) bail, hostage, instrument, mortgage, gage, guarantee, bond, collateral, lien, tool; (v) hock. ANTONYM: (v) redeem peace: (adj, n) calm, quiet; (n) harmony, hush, repose, ease, amity, agreement, rest, pacification, order. ANTONYMS: (n) noise, chaos, conflict, uproar, commotion, agitation, war, distress, suffering, disruption, turbulence peaceably: (adv) quietly, peacefully, patiently, noiselessly peaceful: (adj) peaceable, quiet, gentle, even, silent, meek, peace, staid, placid, tranquil, imperturbable. ANTONYMS: (adj)

189 aggressive, tense, noisy, turbulent, disturbed, hostile, disruptive, bothered, warlike, unpeaceful, compulsory peep: (n, v) glance, peek, look, gaze, glint, squeal; (n) glimpse, cheep; (v) chirp, peer, pry. ANTONYMS: (v) stare, gaze; (n) examination peer: (n, v) peep; (n) noble, mate, equal, equivalent, compeer, nobleman, fellow, associate; (v) peek, gaze. ANTONYMS: (v) glance, stare penance: (n) atonement, sacrament, confession, compunction, penalty, expiation, remorse, repentance, punishment, reparation, hair shirt penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic, sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty, sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n) flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS: (adj) unrepentant, impenitent, unashamed, unremorseful penny: (n) change, coin, centime, copper, groat, subunit, money, mite, doit, small change, denomination pent: (adj) narrow, shut up, confined, cramped perceive: (v) comprehend, apprehend, discover, see, grasp, find, know, observe, sense, appreciate; (adj, v) discern. ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, observe, ignore peremptory: (adj) imperious, commanding, dictatorial, overbearing, decisive, magisterial; (adj, v) authoritative, dogmatic, flat, absolute; (v) decided. ANTONYM: (adj) polite perforce: (n) on compulsion; (adv) needs performance: (n) discharge, execution, fulfillment, observance, accomplishment, operation, implementation; (n, v) action, achievement, deed, efficiency. ANTONYM: (n) omission period: (n) dot, epoch, era, point, duration, generation, day, conclusion, cycle, length, stage perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) survive, live, appear peroration: (n) harangue, close, conclusion, speech, formal speech, lecture, delivery, epilogue, say, tirade, tag person: (n) individual, human, man, mortal, character, soul, human being, being, creature, body; (n, v)

190 party persons: (n) folk, public, society, world persuade: (v) convince, coax, assure, allure, entice, influence, induce, cajole, argue, exhort, lure. ANTONYMS: (v) discourage, dissuade, deter, restrain, force peter: (n) Dick, prick, pecker, calamus, bill, beam of light, beam, beak, barb, asshole, bastard petition: (n, v) appeal, request, desire, claim; (v) ask, beg, crave, apply; (n) application, entreaty, invocation petitioner: (n) applicant, claimant, complainant, supplicant, plaintiff, suppliant, pursuer, requester, suitor, suer, lover petty: (adj) insignificant, trivial, little, frivolous, paltry, puny, negligible, light, mean, minute, exiguous. ANTONYMS: (adj) important, serious, generous, profound, significant, expansive, crucial, considerable, broadminded, enormous pick: (n) alternative, best, option, selection, choice; (adj, n) cream, elite; (adj, v) select; (v) opt, harvest, gather. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, refuse piece: (n) fragment, division, part, article, lump, hunk, composition, component, opus; (n, v) patch, portion. ANTONYMS: (n) whole, chunk; (v) disassemble pieces: (n) debris, trash pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not move; (adj) wadding; (n) throw pillow, Wanger, bed pillow, feather bed, long pillow, padding pine: (v) languish, long, ache, droop, flag, crave, fade; (n) fir; (n, v) yearn, sink; (adj) peak pinnace: (n) launch, cutter, gig, tender, legal tender, fishing vessel, cutting tool, carver, bid, attender, attendant pitch: (n, v) fling, cast, degree, dip, tilt, lurch, toss, throw, slant; (v) chuck, hurl pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) mercy, commiseration, condolence, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) sympathize, compassionate, feel sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy place: (n, v) post, order; (v) fix, lay, arrange, locate, install; (adj, n, v) rank, station; (n) domicile, office. ANTONYMS: (v) remove, divest,

King Henry VI, Part II lift, dismantle places: (n) chairs, seating, spaces plague: (v) molest, harass, afflict, hassle, annoy, badger, pester, disturb, beleaguer; (n, v) worry; (adj, n, v) bother. ANTONYM: (v) comfort plain: (adj) ordinary, comprehensible, intelligible, apparent, manifest, obvious, clear, simple; (adj, n) flat, homely, humble. ANTONYMS: (adj) elaborate, unclear, multicolored, mottled, ornate, concealed, attractive, confused, fussy, obscure, patterned plainness: (n) perspicuity, clearness, homeliness, austerity, simplicity, lucidity, perspicuousness, directness, bareness, drabness, chasteness. ANTONYMS: (n) warmth, splendor planet: (n) globe, satellite, world, asteroid, sphere, planets, follower, celestial body, minor planet, morning star, orbiter play: (n, v) act, frolic, pastime, game, sport, exercise, joke, bet, wager; (v) enact; (adj, v) perform. ANTONYMS: (n) tightness; (v) avoid, leave, real plead: (v) entreat, implore, beg, adjure, petition, ask, appeal, defend, invoke, sue; (n, v) allege. ANTONYMS: (v) answer, demand pleading: (adj) importunate, imploring, beseeching, appealing, suppliant; (n) defense, replication, demurrer, defence, advocacy, argument pleasant: (adj) jolly, amiable, agreeable, acceptable, nice, charming, kindly, facetious, joyful, pretty; (adj, v) pleasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) disgusting, horrible, repugnant, nasty, gruesome, unwelcome, harsh, shocking, disagreeable, foul, terrible please: (v) delight, charm, amuse, entertain, oblige, enchant, enrapture; (adj, v) gratify, enjoy, like; (adj) glad. ANTONYMS: (v) displease, annoy, irritate, anger, distress, sicken, disappoint, dissatisfy, sadden, repel, appall pleased: (adj) contented, glad, delighted, content, joyful, thankful, gratified, appreciative, overjoyed, cheerful; (adj, v) elated. ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy, annoyed, angry, worried, ashamed, disappointed, frustrated, sad, unsatisfied, ungrateful,

uncomplimentary pleasure: (n) fun, enjoyment, delectation, joy, comfort, happiness, mirth, inclination; (n, v) contentment, content; (adj, n, v) gratification. ANTONYMS: (n) irritation, nuisance, boredom, ache, displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, pain, sadness, worry, anguish pledge: (n, v) bond, gage, wager, engage, promise, plight, guarantee, bet, contract; (n) assurance; (v) covenant. ANTONYM: (v) redeem plenteous: (adj) abundant, ample, copious, plentiful, bountiful, fertile, fruitful, full, exuberant, rich, generous. ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, sparse plot: (n, v) plan, intrigue, cabal, plat, scheme, design, chart; (n) lot, patch, graph; (v) conspire plotted: (adj) planned, aforethought, arranged, studied pluck: (adj, n) nerve; (v) cull, jerk, gather, pick, fleece, grab; (n) grit, courage, boldness; (n, v) pull. ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, gutlessness; (v) undercharge pocket: (v) take, appropriate, steal, lift, catch; (n, v) sack, pouch; (n) cavity, hole, hollow; (adj) digest. ANTONYM: (v) return point: (n, v) grade, head, nib, level, aim, degree; (n) peak, article, dot; (adj, n) edge; (v) direct. ANTONYM: (n) middle poise: (n) equilibrium, equanimity, composure, assurance, parity, bearing, calmness, cool, aplomb; (v) hover, brace. ANTONYMS: (n) unsteadiness, timidity, clumsiness, awkwardness, agitation, panic poison: (adj, v) contaminate, taint; (n, v) envenom, drug, empoison; (adj) toxic, poisonous; (v) defile, intoxicate; (n) bane, venom. ANTONYMS: (n) cure; (v) clean poisonous: (adj) toxic, mortal, venomous, noxious, malicious, fatal, baneful, poison, lethal, viperous, mephitic. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmless, benevolent, edible, kindhearted pole: (n) picket, bar, magnetic pole, mast, rod, terminal, post, support, axle, beam, axis policy: (n) course, plan, insurance, approach, tactics, game, system, principle, line, politics, polity politicly: (adv) shrewdly, sagaciously, politically, prudently, smoothly, artfully, circumspectly,

William Shakespeare adroitly, tactfully, suavely, discreetly pomfret: (n) butterfish, bream pomp: (n) grandeur, parade, ostentation, show, ceremony, glory, luxury, pageantry, magnificence, state, splendor. ANTONYMS: (n) understatement, modesty pool: (n) plash, pond, lake, mere, cartel, swimming pool, syndicate, trust, kitty, basin; (v) merge poor: (adj) bad, miserable, piteous, destitute, pitiful, insufficient, penniless, pathetic; (adj, v) meager; (adj, n) paltry, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) wealthy, excellent, privileged, admirable, good, adequate, satisfactory, outstanding, favorable, dignified, comfortable pope: (n) Holy Father, priest, Vicar of Christ, cardinal, high priest, ruffe, papa, Gregory; (adj) church, gospel, Gregorian populous: (adj) multitudinous, crowded, densely populated, multiple, thick, inhabited, numerous, manifold, multiplied; (adj, v) teeming; (v) closely packed. ANTONYM: (adj) uninhabited port: (adj, n) larboard; (n) haven, pier, carriage, demeanor, asylum, mien, wharf, embrasure, gate; (adj) left. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) starboard post: (n, v) place, position, stake, station; (n) office, function, pillar, attitude; (v) locate, enter, lay posted: (adj) knowledgeable, learned pound: (n, v) pen, hammer, thump; (v) palpitate, grind, maul, crush, bang, flap, mash, buffet power: (n, v) might, ability, influence, dominion, faculty; (n) potency, energy, control, authority, domination, strength. ANTONYMS: (n) powerlessness, helplessness, weakness, inability, subjugation, moderation, calmness, meekness, inferiority, feebleness, ease powers: (n) authority, capacity, strength, administration practice: (n, v) exercise, drill, discipline, use; (n) fashion, convention, habitude, habit, experience, form, observance. ANTONYMS: (n) theory, innovation; (v) perform praise: (v) approve, extol, flatter, celebrate, glorify; (n, v) commend, compliment, honor, glory, acclaim; (n) applause. ANTONYMS: (n) criticism, disparagement; (v) reprimand, disparage, reproach,

scold, belittle, rebuke, chastise, denigrate, sully pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave, invite, plead, beseech, appeal, importune, adjure, invoke. ANTONYM: (v) reject prelate: (n) primate, clergyman, high priest, archpriest, hierarch, reverend, archbishop, minister, diocesan, usher, reverence prentice: (n) novice, learner, beginner, tyro, tiro, disciple, labor, assimilator; (adj) inexperienced, crude prepare: (n, v) arrange, form, plan, make; (v) dress, set, lay, devise, groom, equip; (adj, v) coach. ANTONYM: (v) perform presence: (n) front, manner, mien, bearing, carriage, figure, air, comportment, demeanor, company; (n, v) attendance. ANTONYMS: (n) absence, nonattendance present: (adj, n, v) gift, grant; (n, v) donation, display; (adj, v) confer, bestow; (v) introduce, give, prefer, offer, perform. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, withhold, consume, take; (adj) missing, lost, dated, historical; (adj, n) past, future; (n) history presently: (adv) instantly, directly, currently, before long, shortly, soon, now, at present, readily, just, actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, now, formerly preserve: (v) maintain, keep, save, guard, hold, defend, uphold, keep up; (n) jam, jelly, conserves. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, discontinue, damage, lose, attack, endanger, use, end presumption: (n) effrontery, confidence, assurance, premise, arrogance, guess, conjecture, surmise, insolence, impertinence, belief. ANTONYM: (n) respect pretty: (adj) fair, graceful, lovely, handsome, attractive, charming, good-looking, picturesque, dainty; (n) nice; (adv) very. ANTONYMS: (adj) plain, unattractive, modern, inelegant; (adv) extremely prevention: (n) avoidance, bar, preclusion, impediment, protection, deterrence, exclusion, debarment, obstacle, interference, prohibition. ANTONYMS: (n) incitement, permission, help prey: (n) chase, game, victim, immolation, quarry, target, mark, capture; (n, v) plunder, raven; (v) eat. ANTONYMS: (n) hunter,

191 predator pride: (n) arrogance, conceit, egotism, vanity, lordliness, assumption, insolence, disdain, hauteur; (n, v) boast; (v) plume. ANTONYMS: (n) modesty, sorrow, dregs, disgrace, shame, baseness priest: (adj, n) clergyman, divine; (n) minister, ecclesiastic, churchman, pastor, celebrant, parson, cleric, presbyter, chaplain priesthood: (n) ministry, apostleship, clericals, profession, the desk, the cloth, church government, clerical, community, hierarch, presbytery primrose: (n) auricula, polyanthus, primula, oxlip, paigle, primerole, herbaceous plant, herb; (adj) sensuous prince: (n) lord, potentate, sovereign, duke, king, chief, maharaja, maharajah, ruler, magnate, archduke princely: (adj, v) August, grand, great, lordly, dignified, stately; (adj) generous, munificent, majestic, magnificent, gorgeous. ANTONYM: (adj) ungenerous princess: (n) queen, duchess, begum, czarina, maharani, monarch, archduchess, lady, patrician, maharanee, mopsey printed: (adj) written, imprinted, stamped, pressed, embossed, on paper printing: (n) print, impression, issue, edition, press, letterpress, type, imprint, typography, publication, mackle prison: (n) calaboose, confinement, lockup, penitentiary, jug, chokey, college, prison house, limbo, confine, custody prisoner: (n) captive, hostage, jailbird, accused, con, gaolbird, criminal, detainee, inmate, defendant, unfortunate prithee: (v) pray; (int) prythee private: (adj) clandestine, personal, secret, individual, hidden, inner, exclusive, intimate, esoteric; (adj, v) covert, close. ANTONYMS: (adj) official, nationalized, community, communal, shared, civic, state, open, external, commercial, collective privy: (adj) confidential, covert, personal, clandestine, ulterior, occult, latent, secret; (n) outhouse, lavatory, loo prize: (v) appreciate, esteem, value, cherish, admire; (n) plunder, award, booty, premium; (n, v) treasure,

192 honor. ANTONYMS: (v) disrespect, scorn, hate; (n) dud probable: (adj) likely, plausible, possible, potential, presumable, feasible, hopeful, convincing, believable, to be expected, specious. ANTONYMS: (adj) improbable, implausible, unbelievable proceeding: (n) matter, transaction, affair, procedure, lawsuit, proceedings; (v) deed, act; (n, v) measure; (adv, n) happening; (adj, adv, v) going on proclaim: (v) declare, assert, advertise, broadcast, promulgate, enunciate, herald, decree, divulge, notify, annunciate procurator: (n) agent, proxy, assignee, attorney, substitute, lawyer, deputy, vicegerent, placeholder, bureaucrat, administrative official procure: (v) get, obtain, buy, earn, win, gain, have, purchase, induce, derive, find. ANTONYM: (v) give profit: (n, v) gain, produce, net, increase, help; (adj, n, v) benefit, advantage; (n) account, earnings, lucre; (adj, n) good. ANTONYMS: (n) loss, detriment, insignificance progress: (v) proceed, continue, go on; (n) headway, improvement, furtherance, betterment, course, growth, development; (n, v) gain. ANTONYMS: (n) decline, deterioration, regression, impasse, decrease, decay; (n, v) retreat; (v) recede, return, deteriorate, stay prologue: (n) preface, introduction, preamble, foreword, Prolog, overture, proem, preliminary, beginning, prolegomena, opening. ANTONYMS: (n) conclusion, postscript pronounce: (v) articulate, declare, affirm, say, assert, express, vocalize, proclaim; (n, v) allege; (adj, v) deliver, utter. ANTONYM: (v) mumble proof: (n) confirmation, probation, authentication, sign, substantiation, evidence, verification, validation, argument, experiment, indication. ANTONYM: (n) contradiction proper: (adj) due, decent, modest, agreeable, fitting, legitimate, right; (adj, v) correct, fit, becoming; (adj, n) just. ANTONYMS: (adj) inappropriate, wrong, unseemly, rude, unconventional, unsuitable, false, relaxed, vulgar, unreasonable, undue

King Henry VI, Part II prophesy: (n, v) presage; (v) prognosticate, foretell, augur, foreshow, forecast, portend, foreshadow, forebode, bode, anticipate proportion: (n) balance, degree, ratio, portion, slice, share, dimension, equilibrium, equipoise, fraction; (n, v) scale. ANTONYMS: (n) disproportion, asymmetry prospect: (n) outlook, expectancy, lookout, aspect, anticipation, hope, possibility, perspective, probability, panorama, picture prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, level, fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj) deject, knock down. ANTONYM: (adj) upright protect: (v) keep, cover, preserve, safeguard, conserve, vindicate, screen, save; (n, v) guard, hide, ward. ANTONYMS: (v) expose, neglect, risk, intimidate, destroy, harm, endanger, reveal protected: (adj) guarded, immune, secured, sheltered, saved, covered, shielded, obtected, cosseted; (v) protect, private. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulnerable, harsh, insecure, exposed, susceptible protector: (n) guard, guardian, patron, champion, custodian, conservator, escort, hero, paladin, supporter, benefactor protectorship: (n) protectorate, spot, situation, office, post, place, berth, position proud: (adj) lofty, disdainful, haughty, exalted, egotistical, gallant, pompous, lordly, majestic, overbearing; (adj, v) dignified. ANTONYMS: (adj) humble, modest, ashamed, embarrassed, sorrowful, disappointed, miserable prove: (v) attest, manifest, evidence, establish, show, examine, verify, essay, check, corroborate; (adj, v) confirm. ANTONYMS: (v) refute, undermine proved: (adj) tried, established, tested, qualified, genuine, demonstrable, apparent, confirmed, reliable, faithful proverb: (n) adage, byword, aphorism, dictum, saying, axiom, parable, motto, expression; (n, v) maxim, saw provide: (v) contribute, furnish, offer, cater, supply, afford, equip, administer, accommodate, allow, fit. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, withhold,

divest, neglect, take, buy provided: (adv) in case, provided always; (conj) if; (n) conditionally, as if, quasi; (adj) fitted, instructed, enlightened, arranged; (v) foreseen provinces: (n) distance prowess: (n) bravery, valor, art, heroism, proficiency, mastery, expertise, gallantry, intrepidity, chivalry, skill. ANTONYMS: (n) inability, ineptitude public: (n) folk, people, populace; (adj) national, overt, civic, communal, popular; (adj, v) general, open; (adj, n) community. ANTONYMS: (adj) private, confidential, personal, individual, privileged, restricted, unknown, home, secret published: (adj) known, promulgated, public, divulgate puddle: (n, v) plash; (n) pond, lake, slop, lough, mere, loch, lin; (v) muddle, make, addle puissance: (n) power, might, potency, vigor, energy, strength, vigour, authority, brawniness, lustiness, hardness puissant: (adj) powerful, mighty, forcible, hard, robust, vigorous, strong, stout, efficacious, adamantine, cogent pull: (n, v) draw, drag, pluck, tug, wrench, jerk; (v) draught, haul, attract, pick; (n) attraction. ANTONYMS: (v) repel, shove, leave; (n) repulsion, repulsiveness pupil: (n) learner, student, scholar, disciple, apprentice, trainee, schoolchild, novice, adherent, tyro, collegian. ANTONYM: (n) expert purchase: (v) obtain, get, procure, bribe; (n) acquisition, leverage, bargain, acquirement, grip, buying; (n, v) contract. ANTONYMS: (v) sell, lose; (n) loss, sale pure: (adj) absolute, natural, faultless, innocent, immaculate, perfect, good, clean; (adj, n) chaste, genuine; (adj, v) mere. ANTONYMS: (adj) contaminated, dishonored, diluted, tainted, wicked, practical, polluted, flawed, marred, unsaturated, unchaste purge: (v) clean, expurgate, eradicate, clear, scour, remove, purify, make clean, liquidate; (n) catharsis, purification. ANTONYMS: (n, v) binge; (v) rehabilitate, castigate purpose: (n, v) plan, intention, design, project, resolve, purport, end, object; (n) mind, effect, motive.

William Shakespeare ANTONYM: (n) weakness purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, advisedly, knowingly; (adv) intentionally, on purpose, by design, consciously, by choice, calculatedly, explicitly; (adj) wittingly. ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally purse: (n) bag, pouch, money, handbag, sac, currency, pocketbook, pelf; (v) wrinkle, pucker, crease pursue: (v) follow, dog, prosecute, hunt, course, tail, stalk, persist, hound, haunt, go after. ANTONYMS: (v) shun, eschew, avoid, discourage, lead, precede, find pursuivant: (n) herald, bellman, crier, flag bearer, apparitor, trumpeter, groom, harbinger putting: (n) placing, putt, botong, swing, puts, miniature golf, golf stroke, golf shot, placing into standby quaint: (adj) odd, funny, picturesque, comical, fanciful, curious, whimsical, strange, queer, peculiar, droll. ANTONYMS: (adj) modern, ordinary, dull qualm: (n) misgiving, doubt, nausea, distrust, compunction, uncertainty, regret, hesitation, apprehension, fear; (adj, n) suspicion quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v) fight, feud, brawl, row, altercation, argue, conflict, squabble; (n) dissension, difference. ANTONYMS: (n) agreement, reconciliation, acceptance, concord, consensus; (v) agree quart: (n) quartile, quartic, quartilunar, quartole, quartlet, quarts, quarto, quarter queen: (n) king, lady, sovereign, monarch, dame, pansy, queer, faggot, princess, fairy, czarina quell: (adj, v) appease, pacify, calm; (v) overpower, crush, allay, put down, suppress, conquer, defeat, quash. ANTONYMS: (v) prompt, submit, resist, aggravate, incite question: (n, v) query, distrust, interrogate, matter, challenge, demand; (n) inquiry; (v) investigate, inquire, contest, examine. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, resolution; (n, v) trust; (v) praise, reply, believe, accept quick: (adj) bright, hasty, agile, nimble, intelligent, clever, speedy, active, immediate, instant; (adj, v) prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj) leisurely, dull, dim, thick,

unintelligent, thorough, inept, unobservant, lengthy, long, permanent quickly: (adv) promptly, rapidly, expeditiously, readily, speedily, swiftly, suddenly, hastily; (adj, adv) immediately, shortly; (adv, n) instantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly, gradually, permanently, later, eventually, thoroughly quiet: (adj, adv, v) still; (adj, n, v) lull, hush, pacify, compose, appease, assuage; (adj, v) moderate, cool; (adj, adv) gentle, motionless. ANTONYMS: (adj) noisy, talkative, vociferous, active, oratorical, fierce, vocal, unquiet, busy, disordered; (n) noise quill: (n, v) pen; (n) feather, pinion, prick, calamus, thorn, shaft, quill feather, plumage, quill pen, spine quire: (n) chancel, ream, vestry, transept, book, nave, Golgotha, quair, passage, aisle, pad quiver: (adj, n, v) shudder, shiver, tremble, shake; (v) flicker, flutter, vibrate; (n, v) palpitate, quaver; (n) vibration, tremor rabble: (n) crowd, masses, trash, herd, canaille, people, rout, ragtag, horde, gang, riffraff race: (adj, n) kind; (adj, n, v) dash, rush; (n, v) course, run, career; (n) family, people; (v) hurry, hasten, fly. ANTONYMS: (v) linger, amble rage: (adj, n, v) fume, bluster; (adj, n) wrath, indignation, frenzy, mania; (n) passion, anger, craze, exasperation; (n, v) storm. ANTONYMS: (n) gentleness, composure, calm, equanimity, pleasure, serenity ragged: (adj, n) shabby; (adj) seedy, worn, hoarse, jagged, scruffy, torn, untidy, unkempt; (adj, v) threadbare; (n) harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) smart, elegant, smooth, new, even raging: (adj) hot, angry, fierce, irate, wild, infuriated, enraged, vehement, heated; (adj, n) mad, rabid. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, mild, contained rags: (adj) refuse, rubble, scourings, sweepings, trash, waste; (n) clothing, tatter, orts, odds and ends, dress railing: (n) balustrade, rail, barrier, guardrail, banister, fence, pale, paling, breastwork, handrail; (adj, n) invective rain: (n, v) stream, hail; (n)

193 precipitation, wet, pelting, flow, downpour, rainwater; (v) precipitate, shower, rain down. ANTONYM: (v) drizzle raise: (n, v) lift, boost, increase; (v) erect, hoist, grow, enhance, build, elevate, promote, foster. ANTONYMS: (n, v) downgrade; (v) lessen, demote, decrease, level, reduce, dismantle, knock; (n) lowering, reduction, descent rampant: (adj, v) rife; (adj) wild, raging, luxuriant, unchecked, prevailing, rank, boisterous, exuberant, furious, irrepressible. ANTONYMS: (adj) contained, controlled, mild, rare, sparse rancorous: (adj) malicious, vindictive, malevolent, venomous, spiteful, resentful, hostile, virulent, malign, vengeful, vicious. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, harmonious, loving, willing ransom: (v) redeem, repair, extricate; (n, v) rescue, blackmail, repurchase; (n) deliverance, ransom money, assessment, benevolence, excise rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion, monkey, miscreant, knave, scoundrel, scamp, rogue, varlet, vagabond, brat rash: (adj, n) foolhardy, hasty, precipitate, eruption; (adj) imprudent, reckless, impetuous, heedless, audacious, sudden; (adj, adv) thoughtless. ANTONYMS: (adj) cautious, careful, sensible, wise, considered, deliberate, prudent, modest, slow, responsible, patient rate: (n) worth, pace; (v) assess, estimate, evaluate, appreciate, compute, appraise, count, calculate; (n, v) value rated: (adj) specified rather: (adv) a little, enough, fairly, pretty, moderately, considerably, very, relatively, kind of, instead, kinda. ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely, absolutely; (adj) complete ravenous: (adj) hungry, greedy, avid, famished, gluttonous, voracious, rapacious, insatiable, edacious, covetous, predatory. ANTONYM: (adj) moderate ravish: (v) charm, enrapture, rape, violate, delight, captivate, defile, deflower, force, transport, enchant. ANTONYM: (v) disenchant reach: (n, v) fetch, stretch; (adj, v) overtake, pass, extend; (v) obtain, achieve, make, attain, get; (n)

194 compass. ANTONYMS: (v) withdraw, differ, fail reaches: (n) recess reaching: (n) reach, arrival, coming, accomplishment, outreach, advent, achievement, grasp, arriver, getting; (adj) suspicious read: (v) say, decipher, understand, learn, construe, perceive, gather, indicate, demonstrate, translate, comprehend. ANTONYM: (v) write readily: (adv) easily, lightly, freely, quickly, immediately, instantly, willingly, soon, eagerly; (adj, adv) handily, smoothly. ANTONYMS: (adv) grudgingly, eventually, reluctantly, unenthusiastically ready: (v) prepare, fix; (adj, v) fit, disposed, willing; (adj) quick, prompt, nimble, apt; (adj, n) available, dexterous. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwilling, reluctant, unavailable, unready, unripe, difficult, unenthusiastic, young realm: (n) area, domain, field, country, region, nation, department, arena, land, empire, ground reap: (v) harvest, gain, glean, gather, obtain, cut, receive, earn, acquire; (adj, v) mow; (adj) clip. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, scatter reason: (n) account, intellect, occasion, object, understanding, argument, purpose; (n, v) cause; (v) argue, debate; (adj, n) rationality. ANTONYMS: (n) inconsistency, disincentive reasons: (n) proof reave: (v) pillage, plunder, ransack, despoil, rifle, snatch, strip, displume, deplume, foray, rave rebel: (v) mutiny, disobey, arise; (adj, n) nonconformist, insurgent; (adj, n, v) renegade; (n, v) revolt; (adj) mutineer; (n) traitor, insurrectionist, anarchist. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) conformist; (n) stalwart; (adj) compliant, content, obedient; (v) agree, obey recall: (adj, v) reverse; (v) revoke, rescind, recognize, recollect, remember, repeal, countermand; (n) memory, anamnesis; (n, v) return. ANTONYMS: (v) issue, dissolve receive: (v) get, admit, assume, have, welcome, bear, obtain, adopt, make, greet, embrace. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, disburse, lose, mail, present, spend, dispatch reconcile: (adj, v) conciliate, accord, harmonize; (v) accommodate, pacify, placate, mediate, adjust,

King Henry VI, Part II harmonise, make up, propitiate. ANTONYMS: (v) alienate, estrange, provoke, quarrel, segregate, worsen records: (n) documents, archive, archives, proceedings, minutes, papers, annals, transactions, documentation, information, dossier recover: (v) reclaim, get back, recuperate, retrieve, regain, pick up, get well, restore, heal, convalesce, mend. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, die, decline, aggravate, abandon, worsen, scatter recovered: (adj) cured, retrieved, well, well again, healthier, aged, improved, whole, better, corned. ANTONYM: (adj) worse redound: (v) tend, conduce, reflect, dominate, accrue, bear on, prevail, bear upon; (adj) conducive; (n, v) result reformation: (n) correction, amendment, improvement, redress, reclamation, rectification, conversion, innovation, repair, renewal, reassembly refuse: (v) deny, reject, decline, disallow, rebuff, turn down; (adj, n) waste, trash; (n) offal, litter; (n, v) dross. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, receive, permit, offer, dedicate, approve, agree, admit, choose, pass, affirm regal: (adj) noble, imperial, grand, purple, royal, dignified, kingly, August, imposing, stately, magnificent. ANTONYMS: (adj) undignified, modest, poor regarded: (adj) reputed regent: (n) trustee, experrection, protector, viceregent, vizier, vicar, superintendent, curator, governor, viceroy; (adj) regnant rehearsal: (n) narration, dry run, practice, preparation, repetition, dress rehearsal, repeat, description, drill, exercise, narrative reign: (v) govern, command, predominate, dominate, prevail; (n) dominance, dominion, control, government, administration, kingdom released: (adj) loose, liberated, discharged, exempt, open, unbound, release, emancipated, gratuitous, free cells; (n) freer. ANTONYM: (adj) imprisoned relent: (v) give, give in, melt, soften, moderate, ease, submit, cede, relax, capitulate; (adj) remit. ANTONYMS: (v) worsen, strengthen, resist, stand relenting: (n) capitulation, surrender

relief: (n, v) help, ease, aid, relaxation, assistance, solace; (n) consolation, release, respite, abatement, rest. ANTONYMS: (n) capture, discomfort, worry, aggravation, grief, hindrance, intensification, distress remains: (n) debris, corpse, relic, carcass, body, rest, clay, vestige; (adj, n) remainder, remnant; (n, v) trace remedy: (n, v) cure, redress, heal, help, medicine, relief; (v) rectify, amend, relieve, correct; (n) drug. ANTONYM: (n) poison remember: (v) commemorate, recognize, recollect, recall, consider, memorize, think, mind, call to mind, retain, bear in mind. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, neglect, overlook remorse: (n) penitence, contrition, repentance, regret, guilt, penance, sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness, compassion. ANTONYM: (n) shamelessness remorseful: (adj) penitent, regretful, apologetic, sorry, repentant, regret, sad, rueful, bad, compunctious, compassionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) glad, unremorseful remorseless: (adj) merciless, relentless, cruel, unmerciful, brutal, callous, unrelenting, ruthless, inexorable, inhuman, heartless. ANTONYMS: (adj) merciful, compassionate, gentle, kind, tolerant, unrelenting remove: (v) oust, pull, expel, eject, deduct, discharge, strip, get rid of, delete; (adj, v) clear; (n, v) take. ANTONYMS: (v) place, install, add, wedge, take, bring, attach, construct, wrap, restore, provide rend: (v) pull, lacerate, break, divide, rive, tear, disrupt, mangle; (n, v) rip, split, slash renowned: (adj, n) illustrious, glorious; (adj) famous, famed, notable, noted, eminent, distinguished, great, notorious, well-known. ANTONYMS: (adj) obscure, anonymous, undistinguished rent: (n, v) breach, fissure, lease, let; (adj, n) cleft; (n) crevice, tear, crack, break; (v) charter, engage repairing: (n) repair, adjustment; (adj) remedial repeal: (n, v) recall; (adj, v) annul, cancel, abrogate, abolish, invalidate; (v) revoke, quash, rescind, countermand; (n) abolition.

William Shakespeare ANTONYMS: (v) enact, ratify, validate, impose, reinstate, maintain; (n) enactment, ratification replete: (adj) fraught, profuse, excessive, inordinate, exuberant, overmuch, satisfied; (v) fill, take, satiate, cloy. ANTONYM: (adj) hungry report: (n, v) account, gossip, name, record; (n) description, notice, recital, story, notification; (v) describe, recount reported: (adj) narrative, reputed repose: (n, v) recline, peace, lie, calm; (n) composure, ease, quiet, leisure, recreation, relaxation; (v) lay. ANTONYMS: (n, v) work; (n) activity, panic, agitation represented: (adj) delineate, depicted, representing, drawn, painted, pictured, diagrammatic reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n) compliment, commendation, approval reproachfully: (adv) critically, abusively, admonitorily, vituperatively, disapprovingly, wearily, contemptuously, disparagingly, disdainfully, witheringly, shamefully. ANTONYMS: (adv) approvingly, hopefully repute: (n, v) reputation, report, esteem, respect, honor; (n) name, character, celebrity, standing; (v) count, regard as requite: (adj, v) pay, gratify, satisfy; (v) recompense, reciprocate, compensate, reward, remunerate, reimburse, return, refund rescue: (n, v) release, ransom, salvage; (n) deliverance, delivery, relieve; (v) extricate, recover, free, save, redeem. ANTONYMS: (n) involvement, loss, abandonment, downfall; (n, v) capture; (v) endanger, lose, aggravate resign: (v) renounce, cede, relinquish, quit, give up, leave, abandon, drop, deliver, surrender, forgo. ANTONYMS: (v) accept, continue, retain, stay resolute: (adj, n) constant, firm, fixed, steady; (adj, v) determined; (adj) inflexible, brave, adamant, dogged, unbending, courageous. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, uncertain, uncommitted, timid, fickle, feeble,

indecisive, flexible, flippant, hesitant, undecided resolutely: (adv) determinedly, decidedly, steadfastly, decisively, unfalteringly, boldly, steadily, stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly, unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv) irresolutely, indecisively, uncertainly, feebly, hesitantly, aimlessly resolution: (n) determination, purpose, firmness, conclusion, answer, solution, resolve, decomposition, resoluteness, perseverance, settlement. ANTONYMS: (n) problem, feebleness, indecision, irresoluteness, irresolution, weakness, indifference rest: (adj, n) remnant, remainder, residue; (n, v) pause, balance, nap, relaxation, sleep; (n) recess, leisure; (v) remain. ANTONYMS: (n) activity, agitation, intensification; (v) change, stand, deteriorate restitution: (n) restoration, return, reparation, recompense, refund, amends, redress, atonement, repayment, regeneration, renovation. ANTONYMS: (n) abolition, decline restore: (adj, v) repair, refresh; (v) mend, reinstate, renew, renovate, rejuvenate, replace, repay, fix, rehabilitate. ANTONYMS: (v) break, oust, neglect, confiscate, disrupt, move, kill, remove, worsen retire: (v) resign, retreat, withdraw, leave, abdicate, ebb, depart, turn in, fall back, hit the hay, go to bed. ANTONYMS: (v) remain, enter retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart; (n) refuge, departure, asylum, den, lair, retirement; (n, v) resort, return. ANTONYMS: (n) raid, development, extension, arrival, company; (v) progress, remain return: (v) recur, reimburse, restore; (n, v) pay, restitution, recompense, refund, restoration, render, retort; (n) proceeds. ANTONYMS: (n) departure, confiscation, abolition, recovery, loss, disappearance, penalty; (v) keep, depart, take, remove revelling: (n) rejoicing, jubilation, heyday, flush, triumph; (adj) exultant revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance, reprisal, retaliation, repayment, grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate, repay, requite, vindicate

195 revenging: (adj) malicious, revengeful revenues: (n) earnings, receipts, proceeds, income, profits reverence: (n, v) respect, regard, fear, worship, honor, esteem, adore; (n) deference, adoration, admiration, awe. ANTONYMS: (n) despise, disrespect, irreverence, disdain, disparagement, contempt; (v) dishonor reverend: (n) preacher, clergyman, parson, rector, vicar, pastor, priest, minister, churchman; (adj) respectable, honourable reverent: (adj, v) pious, devout, religious; (adj) respectful, holy, deferential, godly, reverential, worshipful, pietistic; (v) devotional. ANTONYMS: (adj) blasphemous, disrespectful, impious, irreverent revive: (v) refresh, invigorate, quicken, renew, renovate, restore, resuscitate, animate, awake, repair, recreate. ANTONYMS: (v) demoralize, kill, slay, stagnate, abandon, die, drain revolt: (n, v) mutiny, rebellion, insurrection; (v) sicken, nauseate, rebel, repel, repulse, offend; (adj, v) shock; (n) uprising. ANTONYMS: (n) attraction; (v) please, delight revolted: (adj) sickened, sick, shocked, horrified, disgusted, appalled revolting: (adj) offensive, loathsome, nasty, foul, detestable, nauseating, nauseous, horrible, hideous, repellent; (adj, v) sickening. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, pleasant, tasty, delicious, edible, lovable, delightful, appealing, lovely reward: (n, v) recompense, return, compensation, guerdon, wage, meed, prize, bribe; (v) repay, requite; (n) payment. ANTONYMS: (n) penalty, sentence; (v) dishonor, penalize rich: (adj, n) copious, luxurious; (adj) productive, fruitful, full, deep, prolific, opulent, fat, affluent; (adj, v) fertile. ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, impoverished, destitute, broke, light, plain, lean, delicate, infertile, weak, barren ride: (n, v) outing; (adj, v) bestride; (n) run, lift, jaunt; (v) mount, bait, float, rag, tease, harass rightful: (adj) right, lawful, just, justifiable, proper, legal, equitable, licit, real, genuine, true. ANTONYMS: (adj) wrongful,

196 illegal, unlawful, fake rightly: (adv) correctly, rightfully, properly, accurately, appropriately, exactly, fitly, straightly, fairly, really; (adv, v) adequately. ANTONYMS: (adv) wrongly, inappropriately, incorrectly, immorally, unjustly, partially, sinfully, unfairly, falsely rigour: (n) hardship, hardness, grimness, rigidity, strict, rigor, rigorousness, asperity, cruelty, acrimony, severity ringleader: (n) conductor, fugleman, bellwether, agitator, troublemaker, chief, mastermind, inciter, precentor, insurgent, agent provocateur riotous: (adj) disorderly, turbulent, boisterous, insubordinate, lawless, insurgent, tumultuous, rebellious, dissolute, profuse, profligate. ANTONYMS: (adj) orderly, manageable, peaceful, tranquil, gentle, conventional rise: (n, v) mount, lift, increase, heave, swell, jump; (v) ascend, arise; (n) elevation, ascent, progress. ANTONYMS: (n, v) decrease, drop; (v) sink, descend, plummet, retire, set; (n) reduction, descent, depreciation, ruin rising: (n) revolt, rebellion, mutiny, ascent, ascension, climb, rise, outbreak, insurrection; (adj) climbing, uphill. ANTONYMS: (adj) plummeting, plunging, decreasing, falling, setting, downward, content; (n) fall robbing: (adj) freebooting, practicing freebootery; (n) theft robin: (n) robin redbreast, robinruddock , robin-redbreast, American robin, thrush, old world robin rocks: (n) sunken rocks, family jewels, coral reef roman: (adj) Romanist, Romish, classical, apostolic, popish, papist, papistic; (n) Catholic, Roman type, reglet, Romanesque room: (n) chamber, occasion, house, apartment, opportunity, hall, opening, compartment, expanse, extent; (v) board. ANTONYM: (n) walkway rough: (adj, n) hard, grating, jagged; (adj, n, v) harsh; (adj) raw, gross, cruel, crude, gruff; (adj, v) hoarse; (n, v) draft. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, silky, soft, sophisticated, refined, polished, precise, exact, pleasant, glossy, even round: (n) bout, circuit, beat; (n, v)

King Henry VI, Part II ring, compass; (adv, prep) about; (adj) circular, entire; (adj, v) plump; (adj, n, v) turn; (v) gird. ANTONYMS: (adj) sharp, slender, thin, square, harsh, reedy, evasive; (prep) exactly royal: (adj, adv) regal, majestic; (adj) imperial, magnificent, kingly, noble, brilliant, sovereign, purple, August, princely royalty: (n) regality, payment, kingship, royal line, royal house, royal family, fee, tax, nobility, loyalty, majesty rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent, coarse, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt, discourteous, impolite, brutal, crude, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, refined, courteous, chivalrous, civil, proper, decent, exact, clean, gentle, inoffensive ruffian: (n) rowdy, rascal, hooligan, bully, brute, hoodlum, tough, miscreant, villain, rogue, roughneck ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj, n) downfall; (v) break, consume, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom, ravage, destruction, damage. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance, save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect; (n) making, success, triumph, rise, preservation rule: (n, v) control, order, govern, decree, influence, line, dominion, regulate, reign; (n) law, ordinance. ANTONYMS: (v) request; (n) option ruler: (adj, n) governor, rule; (n) lord, potentate, monarch, leader, dynast, prince, dictator, head; (adj) regent rules: (n) regulations, laws, law, ordinance, statute, etiquette, system, instructions, policy running: (adj) operative, working, continual, moving; (adj, v) active; (n) course, motion, run, operation, administration; (adj, n) functioning runs: (n) Aztec two-step, sickness, Montezuma's revenge ruthless: (adj) merciless, inhuman, remorseless, heartless, cruel, ferocious, unsparing, relentless, inexorable, harsh, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, charitable, gentle, compassionate, principled, unmotivated, tolerant sack: (v) plunder, dismiss, ransack, despoil, rob; (n, v) bag, discharge, fire; (n) pocket, sac, pouch. ANTONYMS: (v) hire, detain sacred: (adj) holy, hallowed, dedicated, consecrated, divine, religious, pious, spiritual, inviolable,

blessed; (adj, v) solemn. ANTONYMS: (adj) profane, unconsecrated, cursed, breakable safely: (adv) surely, safe, certainly, cautiously, soundly, strongly, sure, steadily, harmlessly, unharmedly, unhurtly. ANTONYMS: (adv) harmfully, hazardously, loosely safety: (n) guard, security, refuge, safe, bingle, base hit, sanctuary, asylum, preservation, cover, shelter. ANTONYMS: (n) danger, hazard, instability saint: (v) canonize; (n) holy man, evangelist, apostle, jimdandy, jimhickey, crackerjack, holy person, ideal, apotheosis; (adj) sacred sake: (n, v) interest, reason, motive, ground; (v) advantage, cause; (n) object, account, design, purpose, saki sale: (n) fair, disposal, sales, sales event, bazaar, market, demand, marketing, saloon, vend, vendition. ANTONYMS: (n) acquisition, purchase salisbury: (n) Fort Salisbury , capital of Zimbabwe, Harare sallet: (n) helmet salt: (adj) salty, saline, briny, brackish, pungent; (v) cure, pickle; (n) salinity, common salt, alkali; (adj, n) spice salute: (v) greet, hail, kiss, accost, acknowledge, buss; (n) salutation, bow, salaam; (n, v) address, compliment same: (adj) identical, equal, like, corresponding, equivalent, similar, uniform, even, consistent, matching; (adv) equally. ANTONYMS: (adj) different, varying, another, unlike, other, varied sandbag: (v) drub, pummel, leather, strengthen, force, railroad, mole, ball over; (n) Billy, waddy, ballast sandy: (adj) gritty, granular, sabulous, arenaceous, powdery, mealy, loose, farinaceous, dusty, sandy laverock, nimble. ANTONYM: (adj) argillaceous satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet, satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj, v) content, fill, suffice, do. ANTONYMS: (v) intensify, displease, disappoint, disgruntle, frustrate saucy: (adj, n) pert; (adj) bold, impudent, audacious, insolent, fresh, forward, impertinent, flippant, rude, brazen. ANTONYM: (adj) respectful

William Shakespeare savage: (adj, v) fierce, wild, furious; (adj) ferocious, brutal, cruel, bloodthirsty, rough, pitiless; (adj, n) brute; (n) vandal. ANTONYMS: (adj) civilized, gentle, nice save: (v) rescue, hoard, conserve, keep, maintain, preserve, free, protect, liberate; (adv, conj, n, prep) except; (adj, v) economize. ANTONYMS: (v) waste, squander, use, abandon, endanger, capture, asphyxiate, aggravate, destroy savoy: (n) head cabbage sawyer: (n) labourer, manual laborer, sawer, sawyer beetle saying: (adj, n, v) maxim; (n) axiom, adage, phrase, dictum, idiom, byword, aphorism, expression; (n, v) saw, proverb scales: (adj) balance, weighbridge; (n) steelyard, mill Scales scandal: (n) disgrace, dishonor, gossip, outrage, discredit, rumor, infamy, disrepute, ignominy, detraction, shame scar: (n, v) mark, blemish, seam, stain, brand; (n) cicatrix, cicatrice, defect, scratch, injury; (v) disfigure. ANTONYM: (v) enhance scarce: (adj) rare, insufficient, deficient, infrequent, uncommon, scant, scanty, few, sparse; (adv) just, barely. ANTONYMS: (adj) plentiful, common, adequate, strong, usual, extensive scars: (n) seams scatter: (n, v) spread, spray; (v) disperse, dispel, disseminate, distribute, break up, dissipate, sprinkle, circulate, diffuse. ANTONYMS: (v) collect, reform, attract, concentrate scene: (n, v) aspect, view, outlook, lookout; (n) background, display, spectacle, picture, environment, panorama, perspective sceptre: (n) sovereignty, verge, wand, bauble, mace, brink school: (v) educate, instruct, train, coach; (n) class, sect, shoal, college, herd, training, teaching scope: (n, v) range, drift; (n) purview, domain, room, expanse, area, compass, horizon, oscilloscope; (v) view score: (n, v) count, notch, scratch, line, cut, tally, scotch; (n) bill, groove, debt; (v) get scorn: (v) despise, contemn, reject; (n, v) ridicule, neglect, disregard, deride, slight; (n) contempt, derision, mockery. ANTONYMS: (n,

v) respect, praise; (v) appreciate, revere, value, approve, admire, accept; (n) admiration, commendation, humility scoured: (adj) worn, windswept, wrinkled, weathered, tough, gnarled, battered, craggy scouring: (n) scrub, scrubbing, cleansing, rub, cleaning, washing, erosion, mopping, hunt, cleanup, chaparral scum: (n) foam, froth, dross, refuse, dregs, trash, lather, film, recrement, ragtag, spume seal: (n, v) stamp; (v) plug, bar, caulk, stop, shut; (n) cachet, hallmark, imprint, signet; (adj) conclude. ANTONYMS: (n, v) open; (v) unseal seat: (n) bench, base, behind, bottom, buttocks, location, position, post, posterior; (v) locate, put second: (n) instant, jiffy, flash, minute, sec; (v) back, endorse, help; (n, v) support; (adj) latter, further. ANTONYMS: (adj) top, former; (n) age secret: (adj, v) mysterious, hidden, covert, secluded, confidential; (adj) concealed, furtive, occult, obscure; (adj, n) privacy, secrecy. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) known, public; (adj) open, overt, apparent, unrestricted, external, visible, outermost, transparent, blatant secrets: (n) secrecy secure: (adj, v) close, firm, fix, certain, confident, fasten, attach, bind; (v) preserve, gain; (adj) reliable. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, detach, unfasten, undo; (adj) vulnerable, unsafe, loose, uncertain, unlocked, uncomfortable, unstable seeing: (prep) because; (adj) Seely, considering; (n) sight, vision, beholding, fusion, visual sense; (v) conceive, comprehend, perceive seek: (n, v) ask, inquire; (v) hunt, endeavor, attempt, look, aspire, pursue, beg, quest, explore. ANTONYMS: (v) answer, grant seeking: (n) hunt, pursuit, hunting, effort, pursuance; (adj) searching, zetetic; (prep) looking for seem: (v) appear, feel, seeming, loom, expect, show, beseem, sound, glitter, glisten, gleam seen: (adj) visible, clad, beseen, accomplished, discovered, appearing; (v) observe, perceive, conceive, comprehend, understand seize: (v) catch, capture, grab, arrest, clutch, get, apprehend, receive,

197 annex, clasp; (n, v) grapple. ANTONYMS: (v) baulk, relinquish, restore, surrender, give, remove seldom: (adj) scarce, rare, few, infrequent; (adv) occasionally, infrequently, uncommonly, hardly, scarcely, not often, once in a blue moon. ANTONYMS: (adv) often, seldom self-love: (n) egoism, vanity, pride, arrogance sell: (v) deal, handle, dispose, betray, give, promote, realize, merchandise, dispose of; (n, v) cheat; (adj) sold. ANTONYMS: (v) buy, wholesale selling: (n) marketing, business, disposal, vending, capitalisation, capitalization, commerce, merchandising, transaction, resale, retailing semblance: (adj, n) color; (n) resemblance, appearance, look, aspect, air, image, similarity, pretense, guise, pretext. ANTONYM: (n) difference send: (v) pass, deliver, forward, convey, dispatch, mail, post, give, carry, divert, project. ANTONYM: (v) keep sense: (n) perception, meaning, common sense, sensation, logic, understanding, impression, feeling; (n, v) feel, intellect, mind. ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, garbage, ludicrousness, nonsense, foolishness, gibberish, illogicality, irrationality, numbness, certainty; (v) observe senseless: (adj) foolish, mindless, preposterous, pointless, irrational, absurd, stupid, insensible, idiotic, fatuous, purposeless. ANTONYMS: (adj) meaningful, wise, conscious, provoked, prudent, useful, worthwhile sent: (adj) dispatched, imported, ecstatic, blissful, fascinated, intoxicated; (v) transmit. ANTONYM: (adj) unsent sentence: (v) condemn, convict, judge, damn; (n) finding, phrase, conviction, punishment; (n, v) decision, doom, condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n) reward, absolution; (v) absolve, acquit serge: (n) cloth, fabric, material serpent: (n) snake, ophidian, viper, snake in the grass, reptile, rattlesnake, colubrid, contrafagotto, cor anglais, hautboy; (v) goose servant: (n) manservant, domestic, lackey, maid, employee, flunkey,

198 retainer, boy, footman, flunky, menial. ANTONYMS: (n) master, mistress serve: (adj, n, v) avail; (v) assist, aid, act, benefit, tend, attend, operate, function, do; (n, v) officiate service: (n, v) overhaul, serve, refit, assist; (n) aid, employment, assistance, avail, ministration, ceremony; (v) attendance. ANTONYMS: (n) disservice, damage, hindrance, uselessness servile: (adj) abject, obsequious, base, fawning, ignoble, sordid, subservient, cringing, slavish; (adj, n) mean, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) bossy, assertive setting: (n) scene, scenery, adjustment, position, background, mount, backdrop, environment, scope, mounting, set settled: (adj) definite, set, firm, permanent, certain, calm, established, decided, formed, defined, finished. ANTONYMS: (adj) unsettled, exciting, temporary seven: (adj, n) VII; (n) September, septet, week, nine, knave, king, jack, queen, digit, Sevener seventh: (n) common fraction, interval several: (adj, v) diverse, divers, sundry; (adj, n) a few, some; (adj) various, individual, different, particular, special, numerous. ANTONYMS: (adj) joint, all, none severally: (adv) separately, respectively, singly, variously, sundrily, independently, particularly, several, distinctly, apart; (adj, adv) one by one shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow, tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue, blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS: (n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten, clarify, expose shadow: (n) ghost, darkness, apparition, follower, gloom, reflection; (n, v) eclipse, trace, tail, hint; (v) follow. ANTONYMS: (v) brighten, lead; (n) brightness, pallor shakes: (n) hangover, jitters, nervousness, tension, anxiety shaking: (adj, n) quivering, tremor, jarring; (n) quiver, palpitation, quake; (adj) quaking, shaky, flutter, unsteady, shivering shall: (n) must, necessity; (v) require, bequeath, leave shame: (n, v) disgrace, dishonor, discredit, humiliate, degrade, chagrin; (n) humiliation, modesty,

King Henry VI, Part II scandal, insult; (v) abash. ANTONYMS: (n) pride, glorification, making, worthiness; (v) acknowledge, glorify, respect, dignify shameful: (adj) scandalous, dishonorable, opprobrious, shocking, ignominious, disreputable, despicable; (adj, v) foul, base, gross, black. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, noble, dignified, admirable, faultless, reputable, glorious, compassionate, praiseworthy, commendable, excellent shamefully: (adv) ignominiously, ingloriously, scandalously, infamously, shockingly, discreditably, basely, outrageously; (adv, v) dishonorably, foully, nastily. ANTONYMS: (adv) commendably, compassionately, nobly shape: (n, v) cast, mold, fashion, mould, model, make, design; (n) pattern, figure; (v) determine, influence share: (n, v) portion, allot, part, distribute, apportion, deal, divide; (v) participate, partake, dispense; (n) dole. ANTONYM: (v) refrain sharp: (adj, n, v) keen, acute, bitter; (adj) intelligent, intense, incisive; (adj, v) biting, acid, acrid, severe, harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, mild, gentle, sweet, rounded, bland, round, smooth, blurred, naive, kind shave: (v) scrape, reduce, pare, cut, brush, chip, whittle, crop; (adj, v) clip, shear, lop. ANTONYMS: (v) augment, expand, lengthen sheath: (n, v) cover; (n) envelope, vagina, scabbard, blanket, casing, skin, holster, tegument; (v) sheathe, envelop shed: (v) discard, drop, moult, scatter, exuviate, molt, cast off, dismiss; (n) shack, hut, cabin. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, cover; (adj) persistent sheep: (n) goat, ram, tup, ewe, cattle, follower, Bovidae, stock, simple, simpleton, family Bovidae sheet: (n) board, leaf, paper, film, bed sheet, canvas, coat, coating, cover, plane, newspaper sheets: (n) rain, bed linen shepherd: (n) clergyman, sheepman, minister, herdsman, sheepherder, priest, presbyter; (v) lead, conduct, guide, guard sheriff: (n) Lord Lieutenant,

constable, shrieve, peace officer, officer of the law, officer, police officer, law officer shift: (n, v) change, exchange, turn, interchange, quibble, switch, move; (v) remove, budge, convert, alter. ANTONYMS: (v) restore, leave, straighten; (n) preservation, stillness shifted: (adj) disordered, gone shilling: (n) York shilling, Tanzanian shilling, British shilling, Kenyan shilling, Ugandan shilling, Somalian shilling, dock, cork, farthing, coin, cheat shining: (adj, v) brilliant; (adj) lustrous, radiant, glossy, luminous, glorious, glowing; (adj, n) lucid, resplendent, clear; (v) shine. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, pale, blemished ship: (v) send, forward, transport, send off, consign, carry, transfer, move; (n) boat, craft; (n, v) ferry. ANTONYM: (v) keep shirt: (n) Jersey, chemise, blouse, hair shirt, dress shirt, evening shirt, polo shirt shook: (adj) shake, vibrate, addled, barrel, cask, confused, distressed, hurt, passionate, puzzled shoot: (v) discharge, flash, drive, dart, dash, send, photograph; (n) scion, branch; (n, v) sprout, hunt. ANTONYM: (v) trickle shore: (n) coast, edge, beach, seashore, stay, seaside, brace, margin; (n, v) prop, land, buttress. ANTONYM: (n) sea short: (adj, v) concise, close; (adj) scarce, curt, brusque, sharp, compendious, laconic, deficient, scanty, diminutive. ANTONYMS: (adj) long, high, lengthy, unabridged, sufficient, slender, rangy, rambling, overlong, extended, plentiful shortly: (adv) presently, curtly, before long, soon, concisely, brusquely, abruptly, tersely, succinctly; (adj, adv) immediately, summarily. ANTONYMS: (adv) politely, pleasantly, verbosely, later show: (adj, n, v) present, appearance; (n, v) exhibit, produce, broadcast, indicate, parade; (v) point out; (n) presentation, ostentation; (adj, v) guide. ANTONYMS: (v) disprove, hide, withhold, suppress, disappear, cover, absorb; (n) concealment showers: (n) rain shown: (adj) manifest, revealed, exhibited, ostensible, avowed,

William Shakespeare declared, denoted, given away; (v) appear, represent, indicate. ANTONYM: (adj) hidden shrewd: (adj) sharp, astute, keen, piercing, clever, cunning, bright; (adj, v) sagacious, knowing, crafty, prudent. ANTONYMS: (adj) foolish, gullible, naive, soft, candid, dim, innocent, guileless, obtuse, indiscriminate shrine: (n) monument, place of worship, altar, sanctuary, temple, house of worship, cenotaph, oracle, tabernacle, church, grave shun: (v) evade, escape, elude, dodge, flee, refuse, shirk, ostracize, banish, parry; (adj, v) eschew. ANTONYMS: (v) befriend, invite, seek, welcome, woo, court, participate, include shut: (v) seal, bar, fasten, obstruct, lock, exclude; (adj) closed, cut; (n) shutting, end, finish. ANTONYMS: (v) admit, undo sicilia: (n) Sicily sick: (adj) ill, queasy, poorly, ailing, weary, diseased, sickly, morbid; (adj, v) indisposed, unwell; (adj, n) invalid. ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, fond, wholesome sickness: (n, v) disease, indisposition, malady, disorder, distemper, ailment; (n) complaint, qualm, nausea, disgust, queasiness side: (n) rim, faction, brink, direction, hand, aspect, margin; (adj, n) part; (n, v) party, border, face. ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, central, major, primary; (n) back, front, center, middle; (v) straddle siege: (n) blockade, envelopment, encirclement, investment, besieging; (v) beleaguer, encompass, environ, envelop, encircle, beset sight: (n, v) vision, glimpse, show, aspect, appearance; (v) aim, spot, see; (n) view, prospect, scene sign: (n, v) mark, motion, gesture; (n) portent, indication, manifestation, imprint, presage, brand, poster; (v) indicate. ANTONYMS: (n) successor; (v) dismiss signal: (n, v) omen, gesture, presage, wave, alert; (n) indication, flag, alarm; (v) indicate; (adj, n) salient, prominent. ANTONYMS: (adj) inconspicuous, ordinary signify: (n, v) intend, mark; (adj, n, v) import; (v) imply, indicate, denote, point, stand for, express, intimate, matter signs: (n) situation, indications,

signage, appearances, cipher, cryptogram, discriminating marks, indicia, secret code, secret language, symbols silence: (adj, n, v) calm, still; (int, n, v) hush; (n, v) lull; (n) mum; (adj, v) appease; (v) mute, allay, pacify, muzzle; (int, v) shut up. ANTONYMS: (n) sound, openness, uproar, movement; (v) amplify, Louden, encourage, rouse silent: (adj, adv) motionless; (adj) dumb, tacit, mute, noiseless, reserved, placid, reticent, mum, taciturn, hush. ANTONYMS: (adj) spoken, talkative, loud, explicit, open, live, forthcoming, verbal, audible, talking, moving silly: (adj) ridiculous, absurd, childish, fatuous, irrational, frivolous, idiotic, preposterous, unreasonable; (adj, n) fool; (n) imbecile. ANTONYMS: (adj) mature, wise, rational, clever, advisable, profound, reasonable, responsible, significant silver: (n) money, gold, bullion, precious Metals; (adj) silvery, argent, white, silvern, gray, neutral tint; (v) plate simple: (adj, n) plain, humble, innocent, rustic; (adj) homely, elementary, natural; (adj, v) pure, clear, mere, downright. ANTONYMS: (adj) complex, complicated, compound, elaborate, difficult, multiple, obscure, ornate, problematical, sophisticated, confusing since: (adv, conj, prep) because, seeing that; (adv, prep) afterwards, before; (adv, conj) for, as; (adj, adv) ago; (conj) whereas; (prep) from, of; (adv) after sinful: (adj) wicked, impious, bad, iniquitous, ungodly, depraved, immoral, profane, criminal, wrong, unholy. ANTONYMS: (adj) pious, virtuous, moral, right, pure sing: (v) hymn, hum, chirp, drone, intone, vocalize, pipe, carol, snitch; (n, v) twitter, squeak single: (adj) celibate, odd, particular, separate, solitary, isolated, sole, lone, lonely, simple; (adj, n) one. ANTONYMS: (adj) double, multiple, divorced, attached, dual, involved, widowed, general, common; (n) record sink: (n, v) sag, dip; (v) decline, fall, set, descend, drop, fell, subside, settle; (adj, n, v) droop.

199 ANTONYMS: (v) rise, float, improve, increase, recover, drift, ascend, raise sinking: (n) sinkage, settling, fall, descent, foundering, depression, immersion, submersion, submergence; (v) decrease, decline. ANTONYM: (adj) rising sirs: (n) gentlemen, messieurs sister: (n) nurse, nun, brother, sisters, older sister, mate, twin, pair, fellow companion, double, match. ANTONYM: (n) brother sitting: (n) session, seat, seance, meeting, seating, conference, posing; (adj) seated, inactive; (v) incubation, batching. ANTONYMS: (adj) standing, active sixth: (n) common fraction, interval, musical interval, simple fraction skills: (n) right stuff skin: (n) hide, fur, rind, coating, shell, hull; (v) pare, scrape, excoriate, flay; (n, v) bark slain: (v) slay; (adj) overthrown, mat, fallen, dejected, cast down slander: (n, v) scandal, insult, calumniate; (adj, v) defame, asperse; (n) defamation, aspersion, obloquy, disparagement; (adj, n) abuse; (v) denigrate. ANTONYMS: (n, v) acclaim; (v) compliment; (n) acclamation slaughter: (n, v) murder, butcher, defeat; (n) carnage, butchery, bloodshed, drubbing, homicide; (v) kill, assassinate, slay. ANTONYMS: (n) preservation, victory; (v) lose, revive slave: (n) servant, bondman, thrall, bondsman, bondwoman, captive, vassal; (n, v) labor; (v) drudge, work; (adj, n) inferior. ANTONYMS: (adj) free; (v) slack slavery: (adj, n) bondage, involuntary servitude; (n) servitude, drudgery, thraldom, thrall, yoke, travail, vassalage, thralldom, toil. ANTONYMS: (n) liberty, freedom slaves: (n) helotry, bondsmen slay: (n, v) murder, assassinate; (v) dispatch, execute, slaughter, destroy, massacre, put to death, remove, finish, butcher sleep: (n, v) nap, repose, doze, kip, slumber, catnap; (adj, n, v) lie; (v) hibernate, nod; (n) dream; (adj, v) lodge. ANTONYMS: (v) awaken; (n) alertness, agitation sleeping: (adj) asleep, inactive, latent, sleepy, vegetive, vegetative; (n) dormancy, noctambulism,

200 quiescence, quiescency, short sleep. ANTONYMS: (adj) active; (n) waking slew: (n) wad, turning, sight, heap, stack, lot, flock; (v) rotate, slue, swerve, veer slily: (adj) on the sly slip: (adj, n, v) lapse, miss; (adj, n) fault, blunder; (n, v) slide, drop, mistake, escape, skid, trip; (n) cutting. ANTONYM: (n) invoice slips: (n) pad slough: (n) bog, fen, quagmire, morass, mire, swamp, marish, sludge; (v) shed, exuviate, cast slow: (adj, v) slack; (adj) dull, sluggish, heavy, stupid, lazy, indolent, inactive; (adj, adv) easy, behind; (adj, n) gradual. ANTONYMS: (adj) intelligent, rapid, bright, speedy, alert, brisk, quick, prompt, hasty, rushed; (v) accelerate slumber: (n, v) rest, doze, snooze, nap, drowse, repose, catnap; (v) be asleep, kip, take a nap; (n) siesta small: (adj) little, narrow, slight, minor, inadequate, petty, fine, insignificant, light, remote; (adj, v) low. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) big; (adj) sizeable, colossal, considerable, enormous, great, huge, bulky, major, giant, important smart: (adj, n) sharp, quick, bright; (n, v) pain; (adj) shrewd, crafty, sly, dapper, prompt, astute, intelligent. ANTONYMS: (adj) stupid, scruffy, unkempt, dim, shabby, slow, naive, unfashionable, unstylish, unintelligent, thick smell: (n, v) odor, scent, savor, perfume, stink, stench; (v) nose; (n) fragrance, bouquet, savour, odour smile: (n) grin, grinning, smiling, luck, facial expression; (v) laugh, beam, chuckle, simper; (n, v) grimace; (adv) smilingly. ANTONYMS: (n, v) scowl; (v) glower smith: (n) forger, metalworker, forge, architect, locksmith, maker, gunsmith, mason, manufacturer, builder, bricklayer smooth: (adj, v) quiet, level, facilitate; (adj) calm, oily, facile, fluent, flowing, flat, fluid, graceful. ANTONYMS: (adj) rough, uneven, wrinkled, peeling, jerky, ridged, flaking, abrasive, coarse, prickly; (v) wrinkle smoothing: (n) fine cutting, smoothness, sleeking; (adj) sleek,

King Henry VI, Part II even, not harsh, smooth porcelain, bland, not rough, moving equably, mild snake: (n) serpent, ophidian, viper, constrictor, hydra, elapid; (v) wind, twist, curl, weave; (n, v) sneak snow: (n) cocaine, precipitation, snowfall, bark, barque; (v) overwhelm, beguile, hoodwink, bamboozle, lead by the nose, play false soar: (v) climb, hover, fly, mount, glide, leap, jump, lift, billow; (n, v) rise, increase. ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, drop, descend, collapse, sink soft: (adj, adv) easy, quiet; (adj) limp, light, balmy, delicate, slack, loose, smooth; (adj, v) feeble; (adj, adv, v) low. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard, firm, harsh, loud, hoarse, stiff, rough, solid, strong, shrill, alcoholic soft-hearted: (adj) sympathetic, tender, warm, lenient, compassionate, merciful, clement, sentimental soil: (adj, n) dirt; (adj, v) smudge; (v) pollute, dirty, contaminate, mire; (n, v) grime; (n) land, dust, earth; (adj, n, v) blot. ANTONYMS: (v) wash, cleanse, purify; (n) sea solace: (n) consolation, relief, balm, solacement; (v) console, allay, relieve, recreate; (n, v) ease, cheer, support. ANTONYMS: (n) distress, grief sold: (adj) depleted, interested; (v) to market soldier: (n) warrior, fighter, serviceman, champion, ranker, military personnel, swordsman, trooper, cavalryman, guardsman, janissary soldiers: (n) military, troop, force, the military, troops, defense force, military service, militia, soldiery, Territorial Army, armed forces solemn: (adj, n, v) serious; (adj, v) sober, important, sedate, devout, formal, demure; (adj) heavy, dignified, sacred; (adj, n) earnest. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, cheerful, unceremonious, funny, playful, flippant, relaxed sometime: (adv) someday, once, one day, formerly, sooner or later; (adj) quondam, erstwhile, former, old, late; (adj, adv) sometimes sometimes: (adv) from time to time, occasionally, every now and then, now and again, every so often, once, sometime, once in a while, formerly;

(n) at times; (adj, adv) on and off. ANTONYM: (adv) regularly soon: (adv) shortly, presently, anon, immediately, directly, at once, before long, betimes, quickly, promptly; (adj, adv) early. ANTONYMS: (adv) now, eventually, later, slowly sooner: (adj, adv) rather, earlier, before, preferably, instead; (adv) first, before now, faster, previously, beforehand; (adj) prior sophister: (n) sophomore sore: (adj, n, v) hurt; (adj) sensitive, angry, grievous, raw; (n) injury, lesion, cut, boil; (v) acute; (adj, v) sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, healthy, pleased, comfortable sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve; (v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache, repentance, remorse; (adj, n) sadness, misery; (adj, n, v) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight, happiness, peace, hopefulness, cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm, content; (v) rejoice sorry: (adj) pathetic, sorrowful, remorseful, contrite, pitiful, pitiable, piteous, penitent, paltry, base, sad. ANTONYMS: (adj) glad, happy, admirable, unremorseful, fine sort: (adj, n, v) class; (n, v) type, group, rank; (n) variety, breed, assortment, form, pattern; (adj, n) manner, description soul: (n) creature, human, person, personification, ghost, individual, mind, essence, life, self; (adj, n) heart. ANTONYMS: (n) surface, body sound: (n, v) chime, echo, peal; (adj) reasonable, complete, healthy, sensible, sane, rational; (adj, v) fit, fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) illogical, unsound, confused, unreliable, flawed, flimsy, silent, weak, unreasonable; (n) silence; (v) devoice sounded: (adj) measured, oral sour: (adj, n) morose, harsh; (adj, v) acid; (adj) bitter, rancid, gruff, grim, glum, dour; (adj, n, v) severe; (v) ferment. ANTONYMS: (adj) kindly, pleasant, bland, amiable, fresh, mature, mild, kind; (v) sweeten, enhance southern: (adj, n) southerly, austral; (adj) meridional, austral ocean; (n) southerner, austrine. ANTONYM: (adj) northern sovereign: (n) ruler, king, lord, emperor; (adj) independent,

William Shakespeare autonomous, imperial, royal, free, regal; (adj, n) prince. ANTONYMS: (adj) dependent, ineffective, useless sovereignty: (n) reign, empire, rule, realm, power, autonomy, independence, dominion, majesty, monarchy, control. ANTONYMS: (n) restriction, subjugation space: (n) gap, scope, opening, period, place, void, margin, latitude, extent, emptiness, distance. ANTONYM: (n) mess spare: (adj, v) free, reserve, save, thin; (adj) slender, slight, additional, lean; (adj, n) extra, excess; (v) exempt. ANTONYMS: (n) shortfall, original; (adj) principal, fat, basic, abundant, stout; (v) need, include spark: (n, v) flicker, flash, gleam, glint, glitter; (n) light, glimmer, arc, flame, fire; (v) activate sparkle: (n, v) flicker, flash, shimmer, spark, shine, blaze, fizz, gleam, glitter; (v) blink, glare. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, dullness, lifelessness sparkling: (adj, v) effervescent; (adj) bright, brilliant, radiant, glittery, bubbly, glittering, scintillating, shining, scintillant; (n) sparkle. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, lifeless, lethargic speak: (adj, v) pronounce, utter; (v) converse, say, deliver, articulate, recite, talk, discourse, lecture; (n) language speaks: (n) talks spear: (n) harpoon, lance, pike, fizgig, prick, gig, javelin, shaft, halberd; (v) stab, spike special: (adj) particular, rare, limited, individual, especial, different, distinguished, distinct, express, private, separate. ANTONYMS: (adj) general, basic, collective, everyday, unremarkable, vague, normal, Standard, common, public, universal speech: (n) lecture, expression, language, conversation, sermon, diction, communication; (n, v) delivery, discourse, say, saying speed: (n, v) hurry, hasten, rush, race, dispatch; (v) quicken, run, dash, expedite; (n) velocity, rapidity. ANTONYMS: (n) amble, tardiness; (v) decelerate, hinder, linger, delay, crawl spend: (v) expend, exhaust, squander, pay out, blow, deplete, pass, wear, lead; (adj, v) waste; (n) outlay. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve,

earn, hoard, keep spent: (adj, v) prostrate; (adj) fatigued, expended, finished, gone, dead, played out, effete, jaded, tired; (v) spend. ANTONYM: (adj) energetic spirit: (n, v) courage, mind; (n) mood, ghost, apparition, disposition, energy, essence, soul, phantom; (adj, n) animation. ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy, body, cowardice, surface, sluggishness, lifelessness, defeatism spirits: (n) alcohol, booze, humor, frame of mind, liqueur, strong drink, hard drink; (adj) cheer, geniality, good humor; (v) wine spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred, malevolence, rancour, venom, rancor, maliciousness, ill will, animosity; (n, v) pique. ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n) benevolence, goodwill, love, affection, harmony spiteful: (adj) malicious, malevolent, sinister, nasty, malignant, venomous, despiteful, ill-natured, vindictive, cruel, hateful. ANTONYMS: (adj) benevolent, harmless, merciful, kindhearted, friendly, pleasant, loving, benign, generous, gentle, flattering spleenful: (adj) fretful, spiteful splitting: (adj) ripping; (n) fission, partition, division, schism, crack, breakup, disunion, dissociation, cleavage; (v) to split spoil: (n, v) ruin; (v) rot, corrupt, mar, deface, sack; (adj, v) impair, damage, injure, harm, indulge. ANTONYMS: (v) improve, conserve, enliven, help, abuse, beautify, deny, neglect, correct, respect, clean spoke: (n) bar, rung, radius, rule, shoe, skid, rundle, line, clog, round; (v) said sport: (n, v) play, pastime, jest, diversion, romp, joke, disport, gambol; (n) fun, amusement, recreation. ANTONYMS: (n) work; (v) conceal spotless: (adj) faultless, clean, innocent, pure, guiltless, flawless, chaste, perfect, impeccable, unblemished, stainless. ANTONYMS: (adj) dirty, messy, blemished, filthy, soiled, shameful, tainted, guilty, blameworthy, impure, imperfect spring: (n, v) leap, bound, hop, fountain, skip, caper, bounce, dive, dance; (n) source; (v) originate

201 spun: (adj) spined; (v) rotate, revolve stab: (n, v) thrust, impale, jab, pierce, prod, dig, stick, pink; (n) try, prick; (v) spike staff: (n) club, pole, post, employees, personnel, faculty, mace; (v) crutch, prop; (n, v) rod, stick staid: (adj, v) serious, sedate, grave, solemn, sober, demure; (adj) calm, quiet, composed, somber, decorous. ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous, exciting, funny, daring, playful, bright, relaxed stain: (n, v) spot, blemish, tarnish, blot, dye, smear, disgrace, mark, soil, dirt, defile. ANTONYMS: (v) enhance, dignify, clean stake: (n, v) risk, chance, venture, bet, wager, post, pole, gamble, support; (n) interest, shaft stand: (v) endure, undergo; (n) rack, booth, attitude, base, pedestal; (n, v) live, position; (adj, v) suffer, tolerate. ANTONYMS: (v) sit, lie, yield, forbid; (n) top standard: (n) degree, flag, criterion, rate, norm, gauge, benchmark; (n, v) measure; (adj) normal, regular; (adj, n) average. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconventional, special, unknown, substandard, nonstandard, extreme, unacceptable, new, exceptional, unorthodox, atypical standing: (n) fame, position, importance, prestige, place, reputation, footing; (adj) erect, motionless, continuance; (n, v) stand. ANTONYMS: (adj) seated, moving, horizontal, falling, temporary stands: (n) bleachers, stood, grandstand, standing, stop, covered stand, standpoint, stall, sales booth, reviewing stand, rack stanley: (n) John Rowlands, Francis Edgar Stanley, sir Henry Morton Stanley star: (n, v) asterisk; (n) ace, luminary, personality, headliner, leading, lead, idol, asterism; (adj, n) principal, champion. ANTONYMS: (n) nonentity, failure, villain; (adj) insignificant, lousy stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare, peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n) regard, contemplation. ANTONYM: (v) glance start: (n) onset, origin; (v) begin, originate, drive, commence, embark, spring, enter; (n, v) launch, shock. ANTONYMS: (n, v) finish, stop; (v) conclude, halt, terminate, arrive; (n)

202 conclusion, demise, departure, middle, culmination starve: (v) fast, crave, lust, hunger, thirst, perish, be hungry, deprive, benumb; (adj, v) pinch; (adj) gripe. ANTONYMS: (v) feed, eat starved: (adj) famished, starving, ravenous, meager, emaciated, malnourished, thin, esurient, hungerly, lean, starveling. ANTONYM: (adj) healthy state: (n) nation, position, kingdom, status, country; (n, v) say, show, place; (adj) national; (v) express, expound. ANTONYMS: (adj) private; (n) monarchy; (v) conceal, refute statue: (n) figure, monument, statuette, effigy, idol, sculpture, carving, bust, sphinx, icon, representation stay: (adj, n, v) remain; (n, v) rest, prop, stop, delay, abide, continue, pause, endure, halt, support. ANTONYMS: (v) change, abscond, depart, move, disappear, become, go staying: (n) stays, arrest; (adj) continual, old, left steal: (v) purloin, abstract, sneak, filch, pinch, creep, misappropriate, rob, pilfer; (n) bargain; (n, v) snatch stealing: (n) pilferage, larceny, theft, steal, burglary, misappropriation, embezzlement, stolen, thievery, pilfering, thieving steel: (n) blade, brand, foil, sword, case harden; (n, v) nerve, brace, fortify; (adj) iron, adamant; (v) temper steer: (v) navigate, guide, direct, drive, aim, conduct, maneuver, run, manage; (n, v) lead, point steps: (n) step, stairs, staircase, stairway, flight, stepladder, scale, backstairs, companionway, escalator, stair stern: (adj) rigid, rigorous, austere, hard, strict, grim, solemn, rough; (adj, v) harsh; (n) back; (adj, n) rear. ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly, approving, lenient, funny, genial, gentle, kindly, lax, liberal, cheerful, flexible stick: (adj, v) adhere, cohere; (n, v) stab, paste, staff; (v) cling, attach, fix, bind, affix; (n) bar. ANTONYMS: (v) detach, open, undo stiff: (adj) hard, formal, inflexible, difficult, rigorous, numb, firm, sturdy; (adj, n) stark, severe; (n) corpse. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, supple, flexible, floppy, pliable, free,

King Henry VI, Part II easy, loose, informal, mild, pliant stigmatic: (adj) anastigmatic, disgraceful, inglorious, not astigmatic; (n) person, somebody, stigmatist, soul, someone sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v) prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad, provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v) calm; (n) honesty stings: (adj) stung stinking: (adj) malodorous, putrid, fetid, foul, smelly, loathsome, noisome, odorous, disgusting, funky, lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) fragrant, clean, fresh stir: (adj, n, v) move, bustle; (v) rouse, arouse, affect, agitate, inspire; (adj, n) movement; (n) commotion, excitement, disturbance. ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, retire, stultify, bore, steady, stifle, suppress; (n) quiet, peace; (n, v) calm stolen: (adj) stealed, stole, stealing, steal, steals, furtive, stealthy, secret, taken, misbegotten, sly stomach: (adj, v) brook, digest; (v) endure, stand, abide, bear, suffer, tolerate, take; (n) abdomen, appetite stone: (n) jewel, rock, pebble, gem, calculus, gemstone, kernel, concretion; (n, v) pit; (v) lapidate, pelt stony: (adj) rocky, hard, rough, callous, cold, pitiless, flinty, unfeeling, obdurate, bleak, icy. ANTONYMS: (adj) smooth, kind stool: (n) seat, bench, footstool, feces, dejection, faeces, ordure, fecal matter, droppings, bowel movement, form stoop: (v) crouch, bend, deign, condescend, descend, squat, couch, cringe, lean, lower oneself; (n) porch. ANTONYM: (v) straighten stop: (int, n, v) hold, stand; (adj, n, v) stay, cease; (n, v) check, end, close, block, bar, arrest; (v) obstruct. ANTONYMS: (n, v) continue; (v) begin, encourage, permit, prolong, persevere, expedite, accelerate; (n) continuation, proceed, go store: (n, v) stock, hoard, bank, cache, supply; (n) shop, market, business; (v) accumulate, garner, keep. ANTONYMS: (v) spend, delete; (n) dearth stormy: (adj, n) inclement, boisterous, rough, severe; (adj) fierce, windy, wild, dirty, foul, tempestuous, blustering. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, still, pleasant, fair, mild, relaxed

stout: (adj, n) sturdy, stocky, hearty; (adj) hardy, strong, robust, obese, husky, bold, corpulent, fleshy. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, slim, flimsy, cowardly, slight, skinny, fragile, weak straight: (adj) erect, honest, upright, even, fair, perpendicular, correct; (adj, adv, v) direct; (adj, adv, n) right; (adj, adv) level, flat. ANTONYMS: (adj) diluted, zigzag, winding, curly, curved, curvy, twisted, wavy, knotted, askew; (adv) indirectly straightway: (adv) presently, forthwith, directly, right, anon, immediately, at once, straightforth, promptly; (adj) straight, immediate strait: (adj) narrow; (n) pinch, pass, inlet, need, channel, crisis, poverty, difficulty; (adj, n) quandary; (n, v) dilemma strange: (adj) foreign, peculiar, unusual, abnormal, outlandish, irregular, odd, new, mysterious, extraordinary, curious. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, normal, familiar, typical, usual, conventional, explicable, sensible, mainstream, known, human strangeness: (n) oddity, oddness, quaintness, peculiarity, curiousness, abnormality, weirdness, foreignness, queerness, singularity, quirk. ANTONYMS: (n) familiarity, nativeness strangled: (adj) smothered, completely covered, muffled, suppressed; (v) bowstringed stray: (v) wander, ramble, range, digress, straggle, meander, depart, deviate, rove, drift, err. ANTONYM: (v) settle street: (n) road, avenue, way, highway, route, lane, neighborhood, path, track, boulevard, Main Street streets: (n) street strength: (n, v) power; (n) energy, firmness, endurance, stability, potency, health, soundness; (adj, n, v) might; (adj, n) vigor, intensity. ANTONYMS: (n) frailty, shortcoming, flaw, faintness, powerlessness, moderation, limitation, instability, impotence, feebleness, disadvantage strife: (n) discord, disagreement, dissension, conflict, competition, feud, fight; (adj, n, v) dispute, debate; (n, v) controversy; (adj, n) quarrel. ANTONYMS: (n) accord, cooperation, calm, peace

William Shakespeare strike: (n, v) hit, beat, bang, knock, assault, slap, clap, rap, smash; (v) impress, move. ANTONYMS: (n) defense; (v) extinguish, defend strings: (n) string, string section, sway, control, dealings, domination, jurisdiction, terms, condition, command, provision striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor, strife, try, strain, attempt, strive, ambition, struggle, exertion. ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated strong: (adj) intense, able, firm, stable, steady, solid, hard, lusty; (adj, v) deep, sound; (adj, n, v) steadfast. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, pale, unconvincing, slight, feeble, frail, bland, faint, delicate, mild, lightweight stronger: (adj) reprobate, insensible, reproof, iniquity, hardening, shameless, graceless, immoralities, ministry; (v) Milman, misery strongly: (adv) firmly, vigorously, robustly, violently, solidly, vehemently, sturdily, hardily, mightily, energetically, severely. ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, dimly, faintly, feebly, gently, loosely, slightly, submissively, thinly, languorously, impassively struck: (adj, v) smitten; (v) stroke; (adj) affected, afflicted, doting, dotty, enamored, gaga, hurt, in love, infatuated stubborn: (adj) contrary, hard, intractable, perverse, rigid, determined, persistent, refractory, tenacious, obdurate, inveterate. ANTONYMS: (adj) compliant, irresolute, flexible, amenable, docile, easygoing, malleable, agreeable, accommodating, cooperative, feeble study: (n, v) examine, review, survey, research; (v) learn, check, contemplate, ponder, inquire; (n) consideration, learning. ANTONYMS: (n) neglect; (v) skim studying: (n) poring over, perusal, study, learning, reading, speculation stumble: (adj, n, v) slip; (n, v) lurch, fall, err, stagger; (adj, v) blunder, flounder, fumble; (n) misstep; (v) hit, falter subject: (n) matter, citizen, motif, question, issue, affair, point, national; (adj, v) exposed; (adj, n) dependent, inferior. ANTONYMS: (n) foreigner, resolution; (adj) impervious submission: (n) compliance, obedience, acquiescence, bid, offer,

deference, entry, presentation, conformity; (adj, n) resignation, surrender. ANTONYMS: (n) defiance, divergence, disobedience subornation: (n) provocation subscribe: (v) confirm, sign, contribute, ratify, subscribe to, underwrite, agree, buy, donate, endorse, accept subsidy: (n) grant, aid, backing, support, endowment, price support, assistance, funding; (n, v) allowance; (v) contribution, subscription substance: (adj, n) subject; (n) body, significance, import, material, matter, meaning, amount, means, gist, core. ANTONYMS: (n) meaninglessness, lightness, surface subtle: (adj) delicate, sharp, nice, acute, astute, insidious, exquisite, elusive; (adj, v) shrewd, sly, crafty. ANTONYMS: (adj) loud, bright, considerable, tactless, overpowering, harsh, concrete, dark subversion: (n, v) overthrow; (n) revolution, ruin, destruction, havoc, demolition, subversive activity, corruption, bouleversement, eversion, sabotage. ANTONYM: (n) allegiance successive: (adj) consecutive, sequential, serial, following, succeeding, subsequent, sequent, consequent, ensuing, continuous, next. ANTONYM: (adj) preceding succour: (n, v) succor; (n) consolation, relief, ministration, mercy, assistance, helping, ease, embossment; (v) relieve, further suck: (v) nurse, drink, imbibe, suckle, absorb, lactate, puff, drain, pull, suck up; (n) sucking. ANTONYM: (v) rock sucking: (n) suck, intake, uptake, aspiration, ingestion, consumption sudden: (adj) precipitous, quick, abrupt, hasty, rash, unexpected, steep, unforeseen, drastic, immediate, swift. ANTONYMS: (adj) considered, slow, gentle, leisurely, protracted, sensible, smooth suddenly: (adj, adv) quickly, rapidly, immediately, presto; (adv) hastily, short, all at once, sudden, sharply, unexpectedly, instantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) increasingly, predictably, slowly, gently, progressively, sensibly, eventually suit: (adj, v) fit, please; (adj, n, v) correspond; (n) lawsuit, plea, action, case; (v) adapt, accommodate,

203 become; (n, v) answer. ANTONYM: (v) clash sullen: (adj, n) morose, sulky, sour; (adj) gloomy, gruff, glum, moody, dark, cross, surly; (adj, v) grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, cheery; (n) cheeriness summer: (n) summertime, joist, rafter, beam, scaffold, season, skeleton, corner stone, lintel, transom, girder. ANTONYM: (n) winter summon: (v) assemble, convene, demand, ask, invoke, evoke, invite, muster, page, rally, convoke. ANTONYM: (v) disband sumptuous: (adj) magnificent, luxurious, opulent, splendid, gorgeous, deluxe, costly, lush, lavish, grand, plush. ANTONYMS: (adj) unadorned, humble, ascetic, meager, scanty, impoverished sums: (n) estimate, calculation, arithmetic sunder: (n, v) divide, sever, part, share, divorce; (v) separate, dissever, tear, detach, cleave; (n) fragment supper: (n) meal, tea, lunch, repast, reception, mealtime, siesta, social affair; (v) dejeuner, bever, whet supplication: (n, v) entreaty, solicitation; (n) petition, invocation, appeal, request, rogation, plea, orison, blessing, imploration supposed: (adj) hypothetical, reputed, alleged, assumed, imaginary, putative, apparent, ostensible, suppositional, supposititious, suppositious. ANTONYM: (adj) actual sure: (adj) secure, reliable, safe, indisputable, dependable, assured, positive; (adj, v) steady, firm; (adv) certainly; (adj, adv) for certain. ANTONYMS: (adj) doubtful, uncertain, unsure, hesitant, humbled, dubious, indefinite, wavering, wobbly, unconvinced; (adv) doubtfully surely: (adv) positively, definitely, confidently, securely, undoubtedly, clearly, firmly, assuredly, absolutely; (adj, adv) really; (adv, int) of course. ANTONYMS: (adv) questionably, uncertain, weakly surety: (n) collateral, pledge, hostage, guarantee, earnest, guaranty, guarantor, certainty, assurance, sponsor, bail surfeiting: (adj) disgusting, voracious surly: (adj) sullen, grumpy, peevish,

204 crusty, churlish, grouchy, gruff, morose; (adj, n) harsh, rude; (adj, adv) unfriendly. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, gentle, pleasant, courteous, easygoing, friendly surprise: (n) fright, amazement, wonder, astonishment; (n, v) alarm, shock, jolt; (v) amaze, startle, astonish, stun. ANTONYMS: (n) expectation; (v) encourage, comfort survey: (n, v) study, view, review, prospect; (v) measure, appraise, canvass, assess; (n) poll, measurement, inspection. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) ignorance, negligence surveyor: (n) supervisor, assessor, overseer, superintendent, visitor, ranger, lineman, husband, locator, engineer, supercargo suspect: (v) mistrust, suppose, distrust, conjecture, guess, surmise, divine, disbelieve; (adj) fishy, questionable, shady. ANTONYMS: (adj) trustworthy, trusted, innocent, reliable, credible, aboveboard; (n) plaintiff; (v) know, believe suspicion: (n) distrust, inkling, misgiving, hunch, qualm, scruple, surmise, supposition; (n, v) doubt, mistrust, fear. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, knowledge, information, carelessness, recklessness, certitude suspicious: (adj) questionable, distrustful, shady, queer, doubtful, dubious, incredulous, fishy, funny, jealous, mistrustful. ANTONYMS: (adj) gullible, trustworthy, aggressive, aboveboard, certain, unsuspecting, unquestionable, believable, straight, palpable, innocent swain: (n) boyfriend, fellow, love, rustic, flame, hind, man; (adj, n) lover, sweetheart, admirer; (adj) suitor swallow: (n, v) drink, gulp, taste, sip, swig; (v) bolt, consume, devour, accept, stomach, endure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) sip; (v) doubt, expel, disbelieve, reject, express swallowing: (adj) absorptive, unsuspecting, absorbent, absorbing; (n) consumption swear: (v) declare, assure, assert, affirm, curse, pledge; (n, v) promise, avow, depone, depose, aver. ANTONYMS: (v) distrust, refute, deny, compliment sweep: (adj, v) brush, rake; (n, v) range, reach, sway; (n) compass, expanse, scope, field; (v) sail; (adj, n)

King Henry VI, Part II curve sweeps: (n) sweep period sweet: (adj) fresh, mellow, lovable, dear, pleasant, musical, melodious, pleasing, sugary; (adj, v) lovely; (adj, n) beloved. ANTONYMS: (adj) discordant, bitter, acid, sharp, acidic, pungent, salty, harsh, detestable, cacophonous, dry sword: (n) blade, sabre, brand, broadsword, falchion, cutlass, saber, steel, glaive, backsword, cutlas sworn: (adj) extreme, mortal, implacable, engaged, dedicated, committed, betrothed, bespoken, affianced, inveterate sympathy: (n) compassion, kindness, commiseration, mercy, feeling, understanding, rapport, benevolence, agreement; (adj, n) humanity, charity. ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, cruelty, coldness, disdain, incompatibility, thoughtlessness, mercilessness, callousness, incomprehension, inhumanity, insensitivity tail: (n, v) shadow, trail; (v) follow, track, pursue, dog, tag, chase; (n) behind, posterior, butt. ANTONYMS: (n, v) head, front; (v) lead taken: (adj) occupied, full, interpreted, appropriated, seized, overcome, affected, besotted; (v) take, get, receive. ANTONYMS: (adj) given, free tale: (n) account, narrative, narration, recital, fib, fable, report, fiction, lie, relation, yarn. ANTONYM: (n) fact talk: (n, v) discourse, gossip, converse, lecture, chatter, chat, address; (v) articulate, speak, prattle; (n) language. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse; (n) silence talks: (n) parley, discussion, dialogue, diplomacy, arbitration, mediation, conversation, discussions, conference, meeting, dialog tally: (n, v) count, check, score, sum; (v) agree, number, suit, fit, match, accord, jibe. ANTONYMS: (v) disagree, conflict, differ talons: (v) claws, tenaculum, unguis, tentacle, teeth; (n) clutches tangle: (v) entangle, embroil, enmesh, embrangle, ruffle, mat; (n) maze, confusion; (n, v) jumble, muddle, knot. ANTONYMS: (n) order, line, peace; (v) unravel, undo, untangle, straighten tanner: (n) artificer, artisan, coin,

craftsman, journeyman taper: (n) candle, taper hole, bougie, rushlight, taper ratio; (v) sharpen, point, acuminate, diminish, lessen, reduce. ANTONYMS: (v) rise, widen task: (n) job, assignment, duty, labor, commission, charge, enterprise, project, stint, occupation; (n, v) exercise taught: (adj) instructed, educated, schooled, instruct, well-bred, scholarly, provided; (v) firm, fast, close, taut teach: (v) enlighten, educate, instruct, coach, indoctrinate, drill, learn, lecture, school; (adj, v) guide, show tear: (n, v) rip, break, split, rupture, crack, run, slit; (v) pull, rend, lacerate; (adj, v) rush. ANTONYMS: (v) wait, mend, idle, fix, amble, dawdle tears: (n) cry, crying, snivel, brine, weeping, activity, bawling, bodily function, bodily process, body process, lacerations tedious: (adj) tiresome, boring, dreary, slow, heavy, humdrum, irksome, lifeless; (adj, v) monotonous, arid, dry. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, varied, easy, readable, lively, entertaining, enthralling, brisk, concise, exotic, pleasant teeth: (v) mortar and pestle, gristmill, nutmeg grater, grater, file, arrastra, rasp, mill, unguis, tentacle; (n) gear teeth tell: (n, v) disclose, impart, count; (v) relate, reveal, recount, divulge, explain, communicate; (adj, v) declare, express. ANTONYMS: (v) request, misunderstand, estimate, listen, figure, guess, withhold, conceal, suppress, confuse telling: (adj, v) significant; (adj) revealing, emphatic, impressive, effectual, effective, pregnant, cogent; (n) relation, recounting, notice. ANTONYMS: (adj) secretive, unimportant, insignificant, hidden temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften, mitigate, harden; (n) character, disposition, humor, nature; (v) modify, season, qualify. ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v) soften, agitate, excite, flex, bend, increase; (n) composure, happiness, wrath, equanimity tempest: (adj, n) storm, gust; (n) gale, hurricane, squall, disturbance, cyclone, typhoon, agitation, tornado,

William Shakespeare blizzard. ANTONYM: (n) serenity tend: (v) incline, lean, nurse, guard, attend, run, nurture, contribute, gravitate, go, nourish. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, abandon tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, v) affectionate; (adj) painful, sensitive, soft, loving, sore; (v) propose, present. ANTONYMS: (adj) hardhearted, rubbery, hard, rough, uncaring, healthy, mature, unfeeling, cold, experienced; (v) withdraw tent: (n) awning, marquee, pavilion, canopy, collapsible shelter, tabernacle, attention, pack tent, parasol, pop tent; (n, v) camp term: (n, v) name, call, title, style, designate; (n) period, expression, boundary, spell, time, limit terms: (n) conditions, provision, stipulation, terminology, price, proposition, lemma, cost, footing, damage, specifications terra: (n) mother Earth, terra firma terrace: (n) veranda, bench, porch, balcony, yard, ledge, platform, portico, backyard, area, accommodation terrible: (adj) horrible, dreadful, horrid, monstrous, abominable, ghastly, dire, appalling, fearful, awful, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, pleasant, great, laudable, excellent, superb, mild, slight, minor, brilliant, insignificant terribly: (adv) horribly, awfully, terrifically, very, badly, awful, appallingly, atrociously, terrificly; (adj, adv) frightfully, shockingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) wonderfully, slightly, superbly, fortunately, happily, laudably, little, marvelously, pleasantly, hardly, honorably testify: (v) declare, certify, affirm, evidence, protest, prove, demonstrate, manifest, express, show, vouch thank: (v) give thanks, recognize, bless, thanks, give thanks to, convey, acknowledged, remercy, impart thanks: (n) acknowledgment, gratitude, blessing, grace, praise, gratefulness, recognition, credit, benediction, thankfulness; (int) thank you. ANTONYMS: (n) criticism, blame thence: (adv) therefore, thus, therefrom, thereof, consequently, then, so, thereafter, thenceforth,

since, on account of thenceforth: (adv) thenceforward, thence, elsewhere, absent, not there, then thereby: (adv) whereby, hereby therefore: (adv) thence, so, hence, accordingly, as a result, thus, for that reason; (conj) since, because, then, ergo thereof: (adv) thence, therefrom, therefore, hence; (adj) casual, intelligence, observer, occasional, prearranged, premeditated, fortuitous thief: (n) burglar, bandit, pirate, plunderer, filcher, stealer, pickpocket, pilferer, crook, brigand, despoiler thing: (n) affair, occurrence, object, event, concern, something, article, happening, substance, occasion, being things: (n) gear, belongings, equipment, garb, garment, clothes, paraphernalia, goods, life, property, palliament thinking: (n) consideration, idea, opinion, reasoning, intellection, cogitation, conception, contemplation; (adj) intelligent, thoughtful, meditative third: (n) second, tierce, three, third part, terzetto, hot corner, third base; (adv) thirdly; (adj) triple, thrid, tertial thirsting: (adj) dry, parched, dehydrated thither: (adv) hither, whither, on that point, in that respect, at that place, in that location; (adj) further, ulterior, remoter, succeeding, more distant thomas: (n) Aquinas, Dylan Thomas, Lowell Thomas, doubting Thomas, Norman Thomas, Saint Thomas, saint Thomas Aquinas, St Thomas, St Thomas Aquinas, Thomas the doubting apostle, Lowell Jackson Thomas thorough: (adj) complete, full, profound, exhaustive, absolute, good, comprehensive, detailed, extensive, sweeping, careful. ANTONYMS: (adj) partial, sketchy, careless, slack, imperfect, sloppy, rushed, restricted, inadequate, halfhearted, dense thoroughly: (adv, v) fully; (adv) entirely, totally, soundly, exhaustively, carefully, absolutely, perfectly, deeply, utterly, exactly. ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially,

205 incompletely, negligently, partially, partly, barely, halfheartedly, deficiently, inadequately, insufficiently, hastily thou: (n) chiliad, grand, m, g, one thousand, gramme, gram, gm, gigabyte, Gb, curtilage though: (adj, conj) however; (conj) still, notwithstanding, nevertheless, albeit, whereas, while; (adv) even, after all, tho'; (adv, conj) tho thought: (n) idea, impression, conception, belief, concept; (adj, n) opinion, feeling, sentiment; (n, v) consideration, reflection, observation. ANTONYMS: (n) thing, vacuity, vacancy, concrete, thoughtlessness, inattention, impulsiveness, certainty, neglect, trust thoughts: (n) mind, opinion, depth of thought, feelings, reflection, ideas, workings of the mind, view, stance, position, considered opinion thousand: (adj, n) one thousand, k, m; (n) grand, g, thou, cat Valium, constant of gravitation, grounds, curtilage; (adj) a thousand thousands: (n) myriad, much, many thread: (n) screw thread, yarn, rope, wire, twine, ligature; (adj, n, v) line, file; (n, v) string together; (adj, v) range; (v) penetrate threadbare: (adj, v) stale, shabby, dilapidated, bald, frayed, faded; (adj) hackneyed, worn, banal, trite, tattered. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, unused, reliable, fresh, unworn, pristine, original threefold: (adj) triple, dual, double, trinal, ternary, trine, triplex, bivalent; (adj, v) triplicate; (adv) three times, thrice thrice: (adv) three times, thirdly thrifty: (adj) careful, economical, provident, sparing, prudent, stingy, saving, spare, parsimonious, chary, scotch. ANTONYMS: (adj) wasteful, spendthrift, profligate, extravagant, generous thrive: (adj, v) prosper; (v) flourish, grow, advance, blossom, succeed, increase, bloom, get ahead, boom; (adj) luxuriate. ANTONYMS: (v) deteriorate, fail, languish, struggle, decrease throat: (n) orifice, pharynx, gorge, mouth, muzzle, nozzle, sucker, shaft, quarl, throat depth, nostril throbbing: (adj, n) beating; (n) pounding, pulsation, pulse, ache, palpitation, sting; (adj) painful,

206 pulsatile, palpitating, palpitant. ANTONYM: (n) pleasure throughout: (prep) during; (adv, prep) about; (adv) every inch, in extenso, en masse, on the whole, bodily, en bloc, passim, everywhere, thoroughly throw: (n, v) cast, pitch, push; (v) shed, hurl, heave, chuck, flip, pass, hurtle; (n) shot. ANTONYMS: (v) explain, help, receive, clarify, encourage thrust: (n, v) poke, stab, jab, drive, shove, force, punch, boost, cast, dig; (v) ram. ANTONYM: (n) inertia thump: (n, v) thud, bang, bump, knock, hit, strike, cuff, punch, crash, crack; (v) pound. ANTONYM: (v) tiptoe thus: (adv) then, so, consequently, hence, thence, accordingly, as a result, ergo, thusly, for that reason, as tickle: (v) titillate, indulge, thrill, prickle, please, tingle, humor, flatter, vellicate, divert; (n) titillation tickled: (adj) tickled pink, overjoyed, delighted, detective novel, ecstatic, elated, jubilant, happy, glad, excited. ANTONYM: (adj) disappointed tide: (n, v) wave, flood, surge; (n) stream, flow, course, drift, time, high tide, run, piping times. ANTONYM: (v) ebb tidings: (n) intelligence, information, message, report, word, advice, communication, dispute, wind, statement, tiding till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller, drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to tilt: (n, v) slant, slope, lean, list, rock, careen, sway; (v) pitch, tip, cant, lurch. ANTONYMS: (n, v) surrender; (n) agreement; (v) yield timeless: (adj) eternal, everlasting, dateless, immortal, inopportune, interminable, undying, ageless, perpetual, endless, deathless. ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary, mortal, modern times: (n) present time, modern times, contemporary world, multiplication, time, period, era, many years duration, epoch, present, arithmetic operation title: (n, v) call, style, designation, term, designate; (adj, n) claim, right; (n) caption, denomination, appellation, epithet. ANTONYM: (n) possession toasted: (adj) heated

King Henry VI, Part II together: (adv) in concert, conjointly, at the same time, at once, simultaneously, mutually, in unison, all together, at the same moment; (adj) united, stable. ANTONYMS: (adv) separately, individually, independently, apart, alone; (adj) separate, upset, unstable, separated, imbalanced, scatterbrained toil: (n, v) labor, work, drudge, sweat, drudgery, grind, labour, travail; (v) plod; (n) effort, exertion. ANTONYMS: (n) pastime, entertainment, fun, relaxation; (v) laze, neglect told: (v) related, narrated; (adj) numbered, oral, spoken, legendary, verbal, manifest tomb: (n) sepulchre, sepulcher, crypt, pit, sepulture, vault, monument, entomb, mausoleum; (n, v) bury; (v) inter tongue: (n) lingua, speech, idiom, dialect, clapper, glossa, natural language, striker, talk; (v) lick; (adj) flowing took: (adj) taken; (v) receive torn: (adj, prep) lacerated, rent, mangled; (adj) ripped, tattered, blasted, lacerate, shabby, goddamned, infernal, made uninhabitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) pristine, sure, resolute, healed, decided, mended torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering, excruciation, grief; (v) rack, excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief, alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy, pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate toss: (n, v) throw, fling, pitch, chuck, cast, flip; (v) agitate, hurl, shake, convulse, discard. ANTONYM: (v) catch touch: (v) hit, affect, border, adjoin, strike, reach; (n, v) contact, stroke, tinge, regard, tap. ANTONYMS: (v) shrink, secrete, separate, diverge, abstain, leave; (n) lot touching: (adj, v) affecting; (adj) poignant, pitiful, pathetic, adjacent, adjoining, emotional; (n) touch, contact; (prep) concerning, about. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaffecting, everyday, heartwarming, unmoving, heartbreaking, emotionless, unemotional, impassive toward: (prep) to, towards, approaching, headed for, just before, of, in the direction of; (adv, prep) on; (adv) about, around, by.

ANTONYMS: (prep) from, away towards: (prep) to, facing, until, opposite to, till, unto, upon; (n, prep) against; (adv) about, by; (n) at tower: (n) column, spire, steeple, pinnacle, pylon, castle; (adj, n) pillar; (v) ascend, rise, loom, arise town: (adj) municipal, urban; (n) borough, township, village, burgh, burg, municipality, townspeople, metropolis; (adj, n) community. ANTONYMS: (adj) country, private township: (n) parish, municipality, county, community, shire, country, city, arrondissement, settlement, area, province townsman: (n) burgher, burgess, towner, cockney, oppidan, cit, townie, compeer, equal, knobstick, match tragedy: (n) calamity, disaster, misfortune, play, cataclysm, drama, bad luck, bale, apocalypse, farce, tragic. ANTONYMS: (n) humor, blessing, joy, boon, advantage, comedy tragic: (adj) calamitous, disastrous, dreadful, grievous, catastrophic, unlucky, unfortunate, woeful, tragical, comic, heartbreaking. ANTONYMS: (adj) humorous, heartwarming, blessed, advantageous, lucky, fortunate, joyous train: (v) aim, exercise, direct, educate, tame, prepare, school; (n, v) coach, trail, tail; (n) chain. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, forget; (n) head traitor: (n) betrayer, conspirator, Judas, renegade, rat, quisling, deserter, cheat, collaborationist; (adj) insurgent, mutineer. ANTONYMS: (n) loyalist, patriot traitorous: (adj) faithless, treacherous, false, treasonable, perfidious, unfaithful, treasonous, untrue, renegade, traitor, insidious traitorously: (adv) disloyally, falsely, treacherously, false, treasonously, unfaithfully, perfidiously, untruely, treasonably. ANTONYM: (adv) faithfully transparent: (adj) diaphanous, obvious, plain, limpid, sheer, filmy, gauzy, pellucid; (adj, n) lucid, luminous, bright. ANTONYMS: (adj) solid, unclear, cloudy, thick, vague, subtle, questionable, hidden, robust, heavy, furtive transporting: (adj) ecstatic, rapturous, rapturous applause,

William Shakespeare ravishing, transportant trap: (n, v) net, catch, ambush, mesh, trick; (v) entrap, ensnare, entangle; (n) gin, noose, entanglement. ANTONYM: (v) release travel: (adj, n, v) go, pass, run; (adj, v) proceed; (v) roam, move, ride, sail; (n) stroke, tour; (n, v) voyage. ANTONYMS: (v) remain, settle tread: (n, v) pace, walk, rate, march, tramp; (n) gait, stride, footstep, footfall, track; (v) trample treason: (n) treachery, perfidy, high treason, sabotage, lese majesty, traitorousness, subversiveness, duplicity; (adj, n) disloyalty, sedition, prodition. ANTONYMS: (n) loyalty, faithfulness, fidelity treasure: (n) gem, fortune, riches, funds; (n, v) hoard, prize, store; (v) cherish, appreciate; (adj, n) jewel, precious stone. ANTONYMS: (v) dislike, disparage, scorn, neglect; (n) dud, poverty treasury: (n) storehouse, exchequer, bursary, repository, finances, treasure, thesaurus, depository, Treasury warrant, subtreasury, treasury department tree: (n) gallows, gibbet, stem, pedigree, kurchee, quandong, poon, platan, lemonwood, lancewood, lacebark tremble: (adj, n, v) shiver; (n, v) quiver, shudder, thrill, palpitate; (adj, v) totter, quake; (n) throb; (v) flutter, quail, falter. ANTONYMS: (v) steady, calm trembling: (adj, n) shaking; (adj, n, v) tremor; (adj) shaky, quaking, shivering, flutter; (n) palpitation, quiver, vibration, shiver, quake. ANTONYMS: (adj) stable, steady trencher: (n) dish, platter, chopping board, porringer, potager, ditch digger, saucer, calabash, crucible trespass: (adj, v) offend; (n, v) sin, breach; (n) offense, invasion, infringement, encroachment; (v) encroach, infringe, intrude, invade trial: (n) test, examination, experiment, hardship, essay, hearing, audition, attempt; (n, v) affliction, adversity; (adj, n) distress. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, performance, happiness, ease, opportunity; (adj) known, definite, proven tribute: (n) commendation, tax, honor, testimonial, duty, homage, respect, eulogy, compliment; (n, v) contribution, subsidy. ANTONYMS:

(n) blame, accusation, dishonor tried: (adj) reliable, tested, trustworthy, dependable, proven, proved, experienced, practiced, just, conquered, believable. ANTONYMS: (adj) untried, unreliable trinkets: (n) finery, jewels triple: (adj) threefold, ternary, triplex, trine, tripartite, Ternate, triplasian; (adj, n) thribble; (n) triad, safety, threesome triumph: (v) exult, prevail, crow, rejoice, succeed; (n, v) glory, win, joy; (n) victory, conquest, exultation. ANTONYMS: (n) failure, defeat, sorrow, unhappiness, dud, sadness, loss, flop; (v) fail, lose, forfeit trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little, small, commonplace, superficial, petty, paltry, inconsiderable, piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj) important, vital, major, urgent, profound, crucial, consequential, considerable, enormous, mature, serious troop: (n) group, corps, gang, crowd, band, brigade, crew, herd, swarm, horde; (n, v) flock troops: (n) soldiery, garrison, army, force, military, personnel, horse, man, cavalry, military personnel, troop trouble: (n, v) inconvenience, pain, bother, disquiet, disorder, worry, annoy, fuss, afflict, torment; (adj, n) difficulty. ANTONYMS: (v) please, help, assist, aid, placate, soothe, comfort; (n) fitness, pleasure, advantage, ease troubled: (adj, v) concerned, solicitous; (adj) distressed, anxious, worried, uneasy, uncomfortable, disconcerted, upset, apprehensive, restless. ANTONYMS: (adj) unconcerned, composed, calm, easy, relaxed, tranquil, assured, carefree, brave, stable, unaffected troublous: (adj) riotous, ugly, vexatious, troublesome troy: (n) city, Ilion, ilium, metropolis, system of weights, troy weight true: (adj, n) genuine, authentic; (adj) right, faithful, even, correct, accurate, honest, straight, truthful; (adj, v) actual. ANTONYMS: (adj) inaccurate, untrue, bogus, untrustworthy, unrealistic, mythical, fraudulent, faithless, disloyal; (adv) wrongly, dishonestly truly: (adj, adv) really; (adv) sincerely, in truth, exactly, in fact,

207 indeed, in reality, genuinely, right, certainly, honestly. ANTONYMS: (adv) insincerely, dubiously, doubtfully, apparently, inaccurately, indefinite, dishonestly, mildly, wrongly trumpet: (n) horn, cornet, bugle, clarion, trump, brass, trombone; (v) proclaim, promulgate, show off, blare trumpets: (n) Sarracenia flava, yellow pitcher plant, pitcher plant, yellow trumpet trunk: (n) stem, boot, torso, bole, body, stalk, snout, proboscis, stock, tree trunk, box trust: (n, v) credit, rely, hope; (n) confidence, faith, reliance, belief, cartel, assurance; (v) believe, confide. ANTONYMS: (n, v) distrust, doubt, mistrust; (v) disbelieve, keep, hold, despair; (n) disbelief, suspicion, independence truth: (n) exactness, actuality, sincerity, verity, fidelity, fact, correctness, genuineness, faithfulness, certainty, honesty. ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty, fabrication, falsehood, fiction, lie, inaccuracy, idealism, falsity, disloyalty, fallacy, invention tully: (n) Marcus Tullius Cicero, Cicero tumble: (n, v) drop, jumble, stumble, plunge, slip, spill, downfall; (v) crumble, collapse, topple, confuse tumultuous: (adj, n) boisterous, tempestuous; (adj) disorderly, riotous, turbulent, noisy, furious, loud, troubled, disturbed; (adj, v) tumultuary. ANTONYMS: (adj) peaceful, calm tune: (n) song, strain, air, harmony, note, concord; (v) adjust, regulate, string, tune up; (n, v) chant. ANTONYMS: (n) silence; (v) untune turn: (n, v) curve, roll, twist, go, coil, round, change, bent, spin; (n) bout; (v) revolve. ANTONYMS: (n) failure, Miss, stagnation; (v) unbend twain: (n) pair, brace, dyad, deuce, twosome, duo, straddle, bitstock, coupling, braces, yoke twelve: (adj, n) dozen, XII; (n) boxcars, large integer twenty: (adj) vigesimal; (n) large integer, twenty dollar bill twice: (adv) doubly, bis, two times, in two ways, once more; (adj) twenty twit: (v) tease, rally, tantalize, flout, rag, chaff; (n, v) scoff; (n) jeer, gibe, mock, barrack

208 tyranny: (adj, n) dictatorship, autocracy; (n) absolutism, despotism, oppression, cruelty, monocracy, totalitarianism, authoritarianism, autarchy, Caesarism. ANTONYMS: (n) democracy, liberty tyrant: (n) dictator, oppressor, autocrat, disciplinarian, bully, authoritarian, sovereign, czar, monarch, suzerain, stickler unbloodied: (adj) bloodless unbowed: (adj) unbent, straight, upright, square, not homosexual, standing, true, underground, not sloping, just, accurately fitted uncivil: (adj) discourteous, disrespectful, impolite, coarse, brusque, curt, blunt, barbarous, short; (adj, n) rough, harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, courteous, gracious uncle: (n) father's younger brother, elder uncle, father's older brother, father's sister's husband, husband of paternal aunt, maternal uncle, niece, benefactor, EME, helper, kinsman unconquered: (adj) unbeaten, unvanquished, not conquered under: (adj) lower, down, nether, bottom, inferior, low, subject; (adv, prep) beneath, underneath; (adv) downstairs, infra. ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) over, above; (adv) primary, higher, major undermine: (v) weaken, subvert, cave, damage, sabotage, break, impair, derail; (adj, v) mine, dig; (n, v) overthrow. ANTONYMS: (v) bolster, boost, confirm, stabilize, inflate, support underneath: (adv, prep) below, under; (adj) down, inferior, supporting; (n) bottom, base, underside; (adv) under that, under it; (prep) unbecoming. ANTONYMS: (n) top; (adv) up, over, above, apparently understand: (v) interpret, hear, see, catch, learn, translate, grasp, construe, gather; (adj, v) realize, take. ANTONYMS: (v) misinterpret, misconstrue, misunderstand, disbelieve, mistake, reject, deny, Miss undertake: (v) attempt, take on, try, covenant, guarantee, accept, tackle, contract, take, begin, engage. ANTONYMS: (v) forego, abstain, forget, relinquish undo: (v) loosen, open, annul, cancel, separate, disentangle, untie, unfold,

King Henry VI, Part II reverse, disconnect, nullify. ANTONYMS: (v) attach, close, do, wrap, tangle, validate, knot, lock, permit, unite, approve ungracious: (adj) discourteous, impolite, uncivil, surly, unkind, unceremonious, churlish, disrespectful, unfriendly, graceless, unpleasing unhelpful: (adj) grumpy, gruff, disruptive, disobliging, discourteous, curt, churlish, brusque, boorish, bad, impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, constructive, obliging, advantageous, accommodating, favorable, courteous, conclusive unite: (v) associate, meet, connect, link, blend, join, coalesce, unify, tie, amalgamate; (adj, v) fuse. ANTONYMS: (v) divide, cut, disband, disconnect, diverge, segregate, split, undo, unpick unkind: (adj) cruel, harsh, unfeeling, inconsiderate, pitiless, heartless, inhuman, hard, thoughtless, brutal, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) kind, considerate, pleasant, friendly, thoughtful, tactful, mild, gentle, generous, flattering, compassionate unless: (adv) but, if, yet, besides, except with, further; (adv, conj) save; (conj) without, if not; (n) provisionally; (adj) not necessary unlike: (adj) dissimilar, different, diverse, unequal, disparate, distinct, separate, unalike, opposite, heterogeneous, not similar. ANTONYMS: (adj) like, alike, same unload: (v) discharge, empty, unlade, clear, tip, exonerate, free, dump, relieve; (adj, v) unburden, disburden. ANTONYM: (v) fill unloose: (v) loosen, clear, liberate, loose, undo, unchain, free, extricate, disengage, unloosen, unbind unmeet: (adj) unbefitting, inappropriate, inapt, unbecoming, unseemly, unsuitable unspotted: (adj) unblemished, unstained, unsoiled, stainless, pure, blameless, immaculate, undefaced, undeformed, spotless, untarnished untaught: (adj) illiterate, ignorant, unschooled, uninformed, untutored, uninstructed, uncultivated, unlicked, unnurtured, unhatched, unfledged. ANTONYMS: (adj) trained, educated, literate, economical until: (prep, v) to; (conj, prep) unto; (adj) up to; (adv) so far, yet, before,

meanwhile; (prep) pending, while, during, awaiting unto: (prep, v) to, till, up to; (prep) towards, before unworthy: (adj) undeserving, base, disgraceful, ignoble, low, contemptible, despicable, ugly, unmerited, unseemly, shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) deserving, valuable, honorable, estimable, reputable upon: (adv, prep) above; (prep) up, onto, against, towards; (adv) on, on that occasion, then, before, by; (n) at upright: (adj) perpendicular, erect, fair, good, righteous, just, virtuous, true, honorable, plumb; (adj, n) vertical. ANTONYMS: (adj) prone, disreputable, degenerate, hanging, unwholesome, dishonest, dishonorable, lying, horizontal, falling; (adv) horizontally used: (adj) exploited, old, accustomed, worn, spent, victimized, wont, tried, decrepit, second hand, exhausted. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, unused, spanking, misused usually: (adv) generally, ordinarily, normally, frequently, habitually, customarily, mostly, regularly, typically, as a rule, in general. ANTONYMS: (adv) rarely, exceptionally, occasionally usurp: (v) arrogate, seize, appropriate, take over, commandeer, capture, borrow, confiscate, take, grab; (adj) violate. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, relinquish usurper: (n) dictator, pretender, thief utterly: (adv) completely, absolutely, totally, entirely, extremely, altogether, expressly, purely, dead, fully, wholly. ANTONYMS: (adv) partly, uncertain, slightly, incompletely, hardly, somewhat vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited, fruitless, idle, empty, abortive, ineffectual, unproductive, narcissistic; (adj, v) useless. ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful, possible, persuasive, selfless, fruitful, humble, useful, responsible, worthwhile, effective valiant: (adj) brave, courageous, intrepid, fearless, heroic, audacious, gallant, daring, dauntless, stout, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) afraid, despicable valour: (n) valor, valiancy, valiance, heroism, courage, bravery,

William Shakespeare valorousness, prowess, daring, pluck, spirit vanquish: (v) overcome, overpower, crush, beat, rout, subjugate, thrash, overthrow, trounce, subdue; (adj, v) conquer. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, fail vanquished: (adj) beaten, overwhelmed, routed, overcome, overpowered, overthrown, defeated, crushed, tried, tired out, practiced vassal: (n) feudatory, liegeman, liege, serf, helot, dependent, subject, liege subject, follower, bondman, homager vengeance: (n) retribution, reprisal, retaliation, requital, avengement, wrath, vendetta, spite, revengeance; (n, v) avenge, resentment. ANTONYMS: (n) forgiveness, acceptance vengeful: (adj) vindictive, unforgiving, malicious, spiteful, rancorous, unfriendly, unmerciful, despiteful, resentful, avengeful, malevolent. ANTONYMS: (adj) pardoning, condoning, forgiving venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake, peril, attempt, gamble, adventure; (adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation, danger; (v) endanger venturous: (adj) daring, adventurous, audacious, risky, hazardous, fearless, bold, foolhardy, rash, reckless, courageous verb: (n) copulative, participle, copula, word, transitive verb form, transitive verb, participial, part of speech, intransitive verb form, intransitive verb, form class verge: (n, v) edge, skirt; (n) boundary, brink, margin, limit, rim, bound, brim, side; (v) bend. ANTONYMS: (n) end, middle; (v) retreat victorious: (adj) triumphant, successful, winning, jubilant, victor, fortunate, lifted up; (adj, v) triumphal, exultant, triumphing, on top. ANTONYMS: (adj) beaten, unsuccessful, failing, losing, sorrowful victory: (n) conquest, success, mastery, superiority, subjugation, win, laugher, achievement, checkmate, expugnation, fall. ANTONYMS: (n) defeat, loss, beating, failure, overthrow, forfeit view: (n, v) sight, scene, regard, opinion, judgment, prospect, outlook, thought; (adj, v) observe, see; (n) idea. ANTONYMS: (v) disbelieve, mistrust

viii: (n) eighter from Decatur, octad, ogdoad, octonary, eighter, octet, octette, eightsome, digit vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low; (adj, v) base; (adj) despicable, ignoble, evil, sorry, revolting, offensive, nasty. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, kind, nice, lovely, lovable, gentle, honorable, good, delightful, admirable, noble villain: (n) rascal, scoundrel, rogue, knave, miscreant, criminal, bandit, crook, reprobate, varlet, rapscallion. ANTONYMS: (n) heroine, hero violence: (n) force, fury, fierceness, strength, vehemence, intensity, ferocity, impetuosity, might, outrage, power. ANTONYMS: (n) peacefulness, peace, passivity, nonviolence, friendliness, defense, indifference, orderliness, calmness, meekness violent: (adj, n) rough, furious, tempestuous, severe, turbulent, boisterous, powerful; (adj, v) vehement; (adj) raging, intense, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, calm, nonviolent, mild, passive, moderate, pleasant, slight, refined, relaxed, friendly virtue: (adj, n) merit, excellence, quality, attribute; (n) honor, goodness, honesty, morality, decency, probity, efficacy. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, guilt, vice, peccadillo, sin, dishonor, immorality, evil, demerit, inadequacy, disadvantage virtuous: (adj) upright, pure, righteous, good, moral, just, honorable, honest, respectable, decent, pious. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, sinful, corrupt, impure, unethical, decadent, degenerate, irreverent visage: (n) face, look, mug, physiognomy, expression, kisser, appearance, aspect, brow, smiler, forehead vital: (adj) indispensable, critical, animated, crucial, fundamental, main, necessary, lively, alive, important, chief. ANTONYMS: (adj) trivial, unimportant, insignificant, optional, minor, sluggish, peripheral, listless, dull, dead, marginal vocation: (n, v) calling, profession, employment; (n) occupation, job, trade, business, career, line, mission, line of work voice: (n) speech, vox; (v) enunciate,

209 pronounce, speak, say, vocalize, express, utter, articulate; (n, v) sound. ANTONYMS: (v) devoice, block void: (adj, n) hollow, null, blank; (n) emptiness, vacancy; (adj, v) vacant; (v) nullify, quash, rescind; (adj) invalid, vacuous. ANTONYMS: (v) validate, sanction, permit, keep, allow; (adj) full, occupied, filled, meaningful, solid; (n) fullness voiding: (n) incontinence, incontinency, discharge, elimination, evacuation, urination, excreting, excretion, defecation, laxation, liquidation vouchsafe: (v) grant, condescend, allow, confer, stoop, give, please, bestow; (n, v) accord; (adv) have the goodness, will you vowed: (v) promised, named, benempt vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian, nasty, common, foul, indecent, gross, unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile. ANTONYMS: (adj) refined, sophisticated, tasteful, polite, aesthetic, muted, fashionable, decent, artistic, pleasant, clean waft: (v) blow, float, drift, glide, wave, gust; (n) whiff, puff, vivda, vifda, pennoncelle wail: (n, v) howl, cry, lament, moan, scream, bellow, whine; (v) ululate, weep, whimper, mewl. ANTONYMS: (v) whimper, laugh wake: (v) awaken, awake, rouse, stir, vigil, provoke, arouse, waken, excite; (n) train, trail. ANTONYMS: (v) nap, dissuade, discourage, snooze, stifle waking: (adj) wakeful; (n) awakening, wakefulness, consciousness walk: (adj, n, v) step; (n, v) gait, ramble, march, pace, hike, course, saunter, stroll, roam; (n) path. ANTONYMS: (v) run, ride, stride walking: (n) gait, ambulation, wading, shuffling, shambling, marching, noctambulism, traveling; (adv) afoot; (adj) moving, active wall: (n, v) fence, bar; (n) barrier, rampart, bulwark, cliff, earthwork, fortification, screen, rail, fencing walls: (n) brickwork, buttresses, defenses, masonry, ramparts, fortifications wandering: (adj) itinerant, nomadic, erratic, rambling, errant, migratory; (adj, v) stray, vagrant, vagabond, unsettled; (n) peregrination.

210 ANTONYM: (adj) resident want: (n, v) lack, desire, miss, wish; (n) poverty, deficiency, deprivation, famine, necessity, destitution, shortage. ANTONYMS: (n, v) hate; (n) glut, despise, luxury, option, prosperity, supply; (v) disinterest, answer warlike: (adj) military, belligerent, bellicose, pugnacious, combative, aggressive, armigerous, hostile, unfriendly, unpacific, militant. ANTONYMS: (adj) harmonizing, friendly warm: (adj) hot, affectionate, tender, ardent, cordial, fervent, lively, fond, loving, earnest, tepid. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, unfriendly, aloof, reserved, hostile, uncaring, unenthusiastic, unwelcoming, stale, offhand; (v) chill warning: (n) notice, indication, caution, advice, example, lesson, hint, premonition, caveat, admonition; (adj, n) monitory. ANTONYMS: (n) encouragement, recommendation, approval; (adj) promising warrant: (n, v) permit, vouch, license, assure, sanction, empower; (n) authority, authorization, security; (v) justify, ensure. ANTONYMS: (n) break; (v) debar warwick: (n) English statesman, Richard Neville, the kingmaker, earl of Warwick wash: (adj, n, v) soak; (n, v) paint; (v) clean, scrub, mop, moisten, lave, scour, bathe; (n) washing, ablution. ANTONYM: (v) soil watch: (n, v) view, sentinel, clock, wake, regard, care; (v) observe, look, see; (n) sentry; (adj, n) surveillance. ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, overlook, harm, hurt, glance watching: (n) observation, stargazing, sighting, observance, watch, remark, notice, ambush, reflection, ceremonial occasion, ceremony water: (n) urine, sea, lake, ocean, moisture, juice, river; (n, v) wet; (v) moisten, soak, dampen. ANTONYMS: (v) dehydrate, dry waxen: (adj) pale, waxy, white, colorless, wan, ashen, yielding, soft, gray, drawn, cereous weak: (adj, n) frail; (adj) flat, watery, fragile, flimsy, faint, thin, light, sickly, soft, nerveless. ANTONYMS: (adj) concentrated, firm, brave, safe, forceful, effective, healthy, intense,

King Henry VI, Part II determined, powerful, robust wealth: (adj, n) abundance, plenty, affluence, opulence; (n, v) money, gold; (n) treasure, property, fortune, capital; (adj) richness. ANTONYMS: (n) penury, scarcity, dearth, want, need, lack wealthy: (adj, adv) moneyed; (adj) flush, opulent, affluent, prosperous, loaded, substantial, generous, ample, abundant, abounding. ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, impoverished, needy weapon: (n) arm, missile, arms, knuckles, spear, steel, tomahawk, firearm, flamethrower, projectile, hatchet weapons: (n) weaponry, weapon, ordnance, munitions, defense, guns, armaments, artillery wear: (n) clothing, clothes, apparel, attire, garb; (v) endure, fatigue, waste, bear, tire, fray. ANTONYMS: (v) refresh, reject, rebuild, please, freshen, disrobe, delight, cheer, refuse; (n) improvement wearing: (adj) tiring, exhausting, tiresome, wearying, trying; (n) detrition, corrasion, attrition, abrasion, eroding, ablation. ANTONYMS: (adj) refreshing, undemanding, pleasant weather: (v) survive, withstand, resist, brave, stand, brave out, wear; (n) climate, atmospheric condition, downfall, inclemency. ANTONYMS: (v) succumb, reject weaver: (n) avadavat, Baya, ricebird, amadavat, oscine, weaver finch, tissue, texture, textile fabric, weaverbird, oscine bird wedded: (adj, v) marital, connubial, matrimonial, conjugal, wed; (adj) nuptial, bridal. ANTONYMS: (adj) unmarried, unattached weed: (n) grass, marijuana, pot, plant, fireweed, smoke, ganja; (v) eliminate, hoe, plow; (adj) pick weeds: (n) viduity, mourning band, garment, cypress, widowhood, dress; (adj) willow weep: (v) wail, bawl, lament, sob, blubber, moan, howl, drip, greet, whimper; (n) tear weeping: (adj) tearful, lachrymose, dolourous, dolorous; (n, v) lament, lamentation; (v) wailing; (n) sobbing, tears, cry; (adj, n) howling. ANTONYM: (n) celebration weighty: (adj) heavy, ponderous, grievous, powerful, profound; (adj, v) grave, serious, momentous,

significant, solemn, influential. ANTONYMS: (adj) superficial, light, unimportant, trivial, weightless, unsubstantial, thin, solvable, small, facile, easy welcome: (adj) pleasant, acceptable, pleasing, agreeable; (n, v) accept; (n) hospitality, reception; (v) receive, greet, invite, hail. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwelcome, unwanted, unacceptable, displeasing, disagreeable, unpleasant; (v) reject, evict, bar; (n) unfriendliness, goodbye welfare: (n) good, benefit, health, advantage, sake, interest, wellbeing, goodness, upbeat; (adv, n) happiness, weal went: (v) walked, proceeded when: (adv, conj) once, as soon as; (adv) then, because, than, since, after; (conj) although, while, if; (prep) during whence: (adv) wherefrom, hence, because, for, why, wherefore, how, then, then thence so, how comes it, how happens it where: (adv) there, here, wherever, whither, in which, wherein, in what; (adv, pron) anywhere; (pron) everywhere; (n) point, spot whereas: (conj) while, though, whenas, where, albeit; (adv) when, whilst, then; (prep) because; (n) grounds for a decisions wherefore: (adv, conj) therefore; (adv, n) why; (n) reason, proof; (adv) accordingly, consequently, so, wherefor, hence, whence; (conj) then wherein: (adv) in what, in which, where wherewith: (adv) therewith, herewith whet: (v) quicken, excite, grind, stir, stimulate, hone; (n) goad, spur, fillip, stimulus; (adj) point. ANTONYMS: (v) blunt, dishearten, dull, dampen, quench whether: (pron) where while: (adv, conj) whereas, as, although; (n) time, spell, period, moment, interval; (adv) when; (conj) though; (prep) during whiles: (n) while whilst: (conj) whereas, as, though, albeit, at the same time as, even as; (prep) during; (adj) pending whip: (n, v) lash, strap, goad; (v) flog, flagellate, beat, punish, thrash, trounce, stir, wallop. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, return whipped: (v) whipt whipping: (n) flagellation, beating,

William Shakespeare thrashing, licking, lashing, flogging, overcasting, debacle, slaughter, overlocking; (adj) snappy white: (adj, n) pale; (adj) clean, blank, snowy, ashen, wan, achromatic, pure, pallid; (v) whiten; (n) Caucasian. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) black; (adj) dark, rosy, red, dirty; (v) blacken whither: (adv) hither, thither, whereunto, whereto, for whole: (adj, v) entire; (adj, n) total, integral, sum, aggregate, well; (adj, adv, n) all; (adj) complete, healthy, intact, full. ANTONYMS: (adj) incomplete, broken, partial, imperfect, unhealthy, deficient, destroyed, fractional, impaired, half, sick wicked: (adj) bad, sinful, atrocious, evil, vile, depraved, mischievous, immoral, unholy, nasty, naughty. ANTONYMS: (adj) innocent, pure, pious, moral, kind, admirable, kindhearted, helpful, decent, assisting, aiding widow: (n) woman, relict, widower, adult female, widow woman, war widow, nobbled line; (adj) widowed, additional; (v) leave behind wife: (n) matron, missis, partner, married woman, spouse, consort, helpmate, housewife, lady, woman, viscountess wild: (adj, n, v) waste, desert; (adj, v) fierce, violent, reckless, raging; (adj) boisterous, untamed, stormy, rude, desolate. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, orderly, manageable, sane, domestic, cultivated, tame, restrained, mild, sensible, passive wilderness: (adj, n, v) desert; (adj, n) wild; (n) wasteland, solitude, badlands, wildness, frontier, boondocks, backwoods; (adj) Sahara; (v) squandering. ANTONYM: (n) metropolis willing: (adj, adv) disposed; (adj) spontaneous, voluntary, ready, amenable, inclined, prepared, enthusiastic, unforced, obliging; (adj, v) consenting. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwilling, reluctant, compulsory, disagreeable, unprepared, forced, unenthusiastic, unhelpful willingly: (adv) readily, voluntarily, cheerfully, spontaneously, helpfully, disposedly, actively, openly, obligingly, eagerly; (adj, adv) freely. ANTONYMS: (adv) grudgingly,

reluctantly, uncooperatively, unenthusiastically wilt: (v) flag, shrivel, sag, weaken, fade, languish, dry, wither, collapse, tire; (n) wilting. ANTONYMS: (v) flourish, rise, rally winchester: (n) demijohn wind: (n, v) twist, turn; (v) meander, curl, bend, twine, curve, weave, crook; (n) air, gust. ANTONYMS: (v) unwind; (n) breeze wine: (n) vino, spirits, beer, saki, sake, Macon, maconnais, alcohol, liquor, dessert wine; (adj) mauve wing: (n) pinion, limb, arm, fender, flank, pennon, Ala, extension, feather; (v) fly, soar. ANTONYM: (n) headquarters winged: (adj) swift, rapid, speedy, quick, flying, alate, sublime, lofty, alated, aligerous, composed wings: (n) insignia, agency winter: (n) wintertime, season, time of year, hiems, frost, chill; (adj) wintery, wintry; (v) spend. ANTONYM: (n) heat wisdom: (n) judiciousness, knowledge, sapience, sagacity, sense, prudence, discernment, insight, learning, depth, reasonableness. ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, folly, inexperience, ignorance, flippancy, banality wise: (adj) reasonable, sensible, sound, rational, sagacious, intelligent, prudent, shrewd, discreet; (adj, n) knowing; (n) method. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwise, stupid, ignorant, mistaken, illogical, reckless, naive, irrational, dense wish: (adv, n, v) will; (n, v) want, hope, need, inclination, longing, aspiration, aim; (v) like, choose; (n) pleasure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dislike, hate; (n) hatred, coercion, disinclination, aversion witch: (n) hag, pythoness, sorceress, enchantress, magician, lamia; (v) charm, bewitch, glamour, hex, jinx within: (adv, n, prep) inside; (adv, prep) in; (adv) indoors, internally, inwardly, inly; (adj, n) interior; (prep) into, on, between; (adj) inwards. ANTONYMS: (prep) beyond, out without: (adv, n, prep) outside; (adj, adv) except; (adj) lacking, save barring; (prep) out of, sans; (n) minus, provisionally; (adv) save, beyond; (adv, prep) besides. ANTONYMS: (prep) with, having; (adv) inside

211 withstand: (v) stand, bear, survive, defy, weather, sustain, brave, suffer; (n, v) resist, oppose, confront. ANTONYMS: (v) surrender, succumb witness: (n, v) testimony, attest, evidence; (n) bystander, eyewitness, onlooker, observer; (v) observe, notice, see, view. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, participate, refute wives: (n) woman wizard: (n) necromancer, sorcerer, conjuror, genius, enchanter, conjurer, expert, whiz, ace, warlock; (adj, n) adept. ANTONYM: (n) rookie woeful: (adj) sad, lamentable, sorrowful, pitiful, wretched, pitiable, doleful, woebegone, deplorable, piteous, regrettable. ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, joyful, glad, praiseworthy, laudable wolves: (n) jackals, skunks, raccoons, panthers, order Carnivora, lions, tigers, foxes, cats, Carnivora, Canis woman: (n) girl, female, lady, dame, madam, mistress, matron, maid, gentlewoman, Donna, petticoat. ANTONYMS: (n) man, gentleman wonder: (adj, n) prodigy; (n) astonishment, admiration, amazement, surprise, miracle, phenomenon, muse; (v) admire, reflect, question. ANTONYMS: (n) expectation, belief, disapproval; (v) know, believe, anticipate, decide wondering: (adj) inquisitive, speculative, suspicious wont: (adj, n) use, custom, usage; (n) practice, tradition, cleanliness, assuetude, assuefaction, convention, rut; (v) practise woods: (n) forest, woodland, grove, timber, jungle, sir Henry wood, vegetation, timberland, Natalie wood, virgin forest; (adj) wooden word: (n) news, tidings, password, expression, report, vocable, statement, term; (v) formulate, phrase; (n, v) advice words: (n) speech, expression, row, text, fracas, argument; (n, v) altercation, squabble, tiff, dispute, quarrel world: (n) cosmos, nature, creation, earth, public, sphere, society, realm, globe, macrocosm; (adj) global worldly: (adj, adv) earthly; (adj) mundane, secular, terrestrial, temporal, carnal, sophisticated, lay, profane; (adv) mundanely, temporally. ANTONYMS: (adj)

212 spiritual, naive, cloistered, religious, unsophisticated, unworldly, unrefined, otherworldly, low, heavenly, immaterial worm: (v) squirm, wriggle, twist, spiral, helix, writhe; (n) helminth, maggot; (adj) emmet, midge, fly worn: (adj) haggard, tired, tattered, threadbare, ragged, drawn, jaded, fatigued, exhausted, faded, wasted. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, smart, unused, unworn, pristine, original worse: (adj) worser, subordinate, waur, worsened, warre, unrelieved, minor, lesser, junior, poorer; (n) badness. ANTONYMS: (adj) improved, healthier, higher worship: (n) adoration, veneration, adulation, cult, homage; (n, v) reverence, respect, honor, revere, adore, glorify. ANTONYMS: (v) disrespect, dishonor, despise, deprecate, scorn; (n) disdain, disparagement, contempt, detestation worst: (v) whip, trounce, defeat, overcome, vanquish, pip, rack up; (adj, v) best, rout; (adj) floor, lick. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) best; (adj) highest, first, secondary worth: (adj, n) value, dignity; (n) cost, virtue, price, importance, excellence, quality, import, goodness, benefit. ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance, disadvantage, hopelessness, detriment, disgrace, inferiority, triviality, uselessness, inefficiency worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj) vile, idle, empty, trifling, void, trivial, cheap, miserable, null. ANTONYMS: (adj) precious, useful, worthwhile, priceless, meaningful, helpful, invaluable, deserving, valid, worthy, substantial worthy: (adj) noble, good, meritorious, valuable, estimable, respectable, deserving, worthwhile, virtuous, honorable; (adj, n) celebrity. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, unrespected, disreputable, mediocre, petty, poor, unimpressive, insignificant, dishonorable, despicable; (n) nobody wound: (n, v) bruise, cut, harm, pain, damage, scratch, stab, sting; (n) injury; (v) offend, injure. ANTONYMS: (v) heal, appease, aid, cure, repair wounded: (adj, v) hurt; (n) casualty, maimed; (adj) bruised, injured, bloody, aggrieved, saddened; (v) stricken, wound, struck.

King Henry VI, Part II ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected wrath: (n) rage, resentment, ire, fury, displeasure, indignation, passion, madness, choler, irritation; (adj) angry. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, love, composure, serenity wrathful: (adj) furious, irate, wroth, ireful, indignant, incensed, mad, raging, resentful, infuriated, choleric. ANTONYM: (adj) pleased wrest: (adj, v) distort, twist; (v) extort, contort, extract, wring, wrench, deform, warp, squeeze, turn wrested: (adj) perverted, distorted, twisted, wry wretch: (n) victim, villain, scoundrel, reprobate, reptile, miscreant, martyr, object of compassion, poor devil, prey, wreak wretched: (adj) unfortunate, pitiful, sad, pitiable, woeful, pathetic, piteous, lamentable; (adj, v) poor, unhappy, forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj) fine, strong, fortunate, overjoyed, nice, admirable, good, cheery, joyous, lucky, comfortable wring: (n, v) squeeze; (v) twist, wrench, wrest, torture, torment, distort, extract, twine, contort, rack writ: (n) edict, assize, certiorari, judicial writ, injunction, order, act, prescription, scripture, writing, ukase write: (v) pen, indite, draw up, correspond, spell, record, publish, compile, draw, outline, type wrong: (adj, n) evil, ill, injury, injustice; (adj, n, v) damage, injure; (adj) improper, false, incorrect, bad, inappropriate. ANTONYMS: (adj) correct, good, proper, honest, appropriate, just, true; (adv) correctly; (n) justice, virtue; (v) sympathize wrought: (adj) shaped, done, worked, worked up, formed yawning: (adj, v) gaping, oscitant; (n) yawn, hiation, pandiculation, oscitancy; (adj) cavernous, open, drowsy, profound, sleepy. ANTONYMS: (adj) cramped, narrow yield: (n, v) produce, return, allow, give; (v) surrender, concede, submit, give up, grant, cede; (n) output. ANTONYMS: (v) persevere, survive, stand, withstand, repel, reject, prevent, withhold, acquire, oppose, veto yielded: (v) yold, yolden york: (n) house of York young: (n, v) offspring; (adj, n)

juvenile; (adj) immature, fresh, adolescent, new, raw, baby, childish, early; (n) progeny. ANTONYMS: (adj) old, mature, adult, ripe, older, late; (adj, n) aged younger: (adj) Jr, little, petty, young, juvenile, Mickey Mouse, minor, minuscule, niggling, picayune, unskilled yours: (adj) own yourself: (adv) herself, themselves, itself, myself, ourselves, yourselves, physically yourselves: (pron) themselves, myself, herself youth: (n) youngster, young person, lad, juvenile, boy, adolescence, kid, younker, stripling, juvenility; (adj, n) young. ANTONYMS: (n) adulthood, adult, ripeness, maturity, aged zeal: (adj, n) eagerness; (n) fervor, enthusiasm, devotion, passion, vehemence, fire, fervency, heat, fervour, ardour. ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, lethargy, patience

213