King Henry IV,Part I (Webster's French Thesaurus Edition)

KING HENRY IV, PART I WEBSTER'S FRENCH Thesaurus Edition

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

King Henry IV, Part I Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

William Shakespeare

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com King Henry IV, Part I: Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25691-6

iii

Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR ........................................................................................ 1 PERSONS REPRESENTED .............................................................................................. 2 ACT I .............................................................................................................................. 4 ACT II ........................................................................................................................... 29 ACT III .......................................................................................................................... 66 ACT IV .......................................................................................................................... 93 ACT V ......................................................................................................................... 110 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................. 133

William Shakespeare

1

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-French thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of King Henry IV, Part I by William Shakespeare was edited for three audiences. The first includes French-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or French speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in French in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Webster's French Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in French or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in French, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. 1

2

King Henry IV, Part I

PERSONS

%REPRESENTED

KING HENRY THE FOURTH HENRY, Prince of Wales PRINCE JOHN of Lancaster,

}

sons to the King.

EARL OF WESTMORELAND SIR WALTER BLUNT THOMAS PERCY, Earl of Worcester HENRY PERCY, Earl of Northumberland HENRY PERCY, his son EDMUND MORTIMER, Earl of March SCROOP, Archbishop of York SIR MICHAEL, his Friend ARCHIBALD, Earl of Douglas OWEN GLENDOWER SIR RICHARD VERNON SIR JOHN FALSTAFF POINTZ GADSHILL PETO BARDOLP LADY PERCY, Wife to Hotspur LADY MORTIMER, Daughter to Glendower MRS. QUICKLY, Hostess in Eastcheap

French quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide. son: fils.

William Shakespeare

LORDS, OFFICERS, SHERIFF, VINTNER, CHAMBERLAIN, DRAWERS, CARRIERS, TRAVELLERS, and ATTENDANTS.%

3

4

King Henry IV, Part I

ACT I

SCENE I. LONDON. A ROOM IN THE PALACE.% [Enter the KING HENRY, WESTMORELAND, SIR WALTER BLUNT, and others.] KING. So shaken as we are, so wan with care, Find we a time for frighted peace to pant, And breathe short-winded accents of new broils To be commenced in strands afar remote. No more the thirsty entrance of this soil Shall daub her lips with her own children's blood; No more shall trenching war channel her fields, Nor bruise her flowerets with the armed hoofs Of hostile paces: those opposed eyes, Which, like the meteors of a troubled heaven, All of one nature, of one substance bred, Did lately meet in the intestine shock And furious close of civil butchery, Shall now, in mutual well-beseeming ranks, March all one way, and be no more opposed Against acquaintance, kindred, and allies: The edge of war, like an ill-sheathed knife, No more shall cut his master. Therefore, friends, As far as to the sepulchre of Christ-Whose soldier now, under whose blessed cross

French accents: accentue. acquaintance: connaissance, relation, personne de connaissance, abord. afar: loin. blessed: béni, bénis, bénîtes, bénirent, bénit, bénîmes, bienheureux. breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez. bruise: contusion, meurtrissure, écrasement, contusionner, coup, ecchymose, accroc, amorce étoilée, bleu, blessure, bosse.

commenced: Commencé, commencèrent, commença, commençai, commençâmes, commenças, commençâtes. daub: croûte, barbouiller, tache. furious: furieux. hostile: hostile, ennemi. intestine: intestin. kindred: parenté. lately: dernièrement, de manière tarde, de façon tardive, récemment. opposed: opposé, opposas, opposâtes,

opposa, opposâmes, opposai, opposèrent, rouspétâtes, rouspété, rouspétas, rouspétâmes. sepulchre: sépulcre. shaken: secoué, ébranlé. soldier: soldat, militaire. substance: substance, fond. thirsty: assoiffé, altéré. trenching: creusement de fossés, abattage par tranchée, travaux de creusement, ensouillement. troubled: inquiet.

William Shakespeare

5

We are impressed and engaged to fight-Forthwith a power of English shall we levy, To chase these pagans in those holy fields Over whose acres walk'd those blessed feet Which fourteen hundred years ago were nail'd For our advantage on the bitter cross. But this our purpose now is twelvemonth old, And bootless 'tis to tell you we will go: Therefore we meet not now.--Then let me hear Of you, my gentle cousin Westmoreland, What yesternight our Council did decree In forwarding this dear expedience.% WESTMORELAND. My liege, this haste was hot in question, And many limits of the charge set down But yesternight; when, all athwart, there came A post from Wales loaden with heavy news; Whose worst was, that the noble Mortimer, Leading the men of Herefordshire to fight Against th' irregular and wild Glendower, Was by the rude hands of that Welshman taken; A thousand of his people butchered, Upon whose dead corpse' there was such misuse, Such beastly, shameless transformation, By those Welshwomen done, as may not be Without much shame re-told or spoken of. KING. It seems, then, that the tidings of this broil Brake off our business for the Holy Land. WESTMORELAND. This, match'd with other, did, my gracious lord;

French advantage: avantage, intérêt. athwart: en travers, en travers de. beastly: bestial, brutal. bitter: amer, âcre, acerbe. chase: chasser, pourchasser, poursuivre, chasse, pousser, faire avancer. corpse: cadavre, corps. cousin: cousin, cousine. dear: cher, coûteux. engaged: engagé, engageai, engagea, engageâmes, engagèrent, engageas,

engageâtes, occupé. forwarding: expédition. fourteen: quatorze. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré. gracious: gracieux. haste: hâte. holy: saint, sacré. hot: chaud. impressed: impressionné. irregular: irrégulier. liege: lige. limits: limites.

noble: noble, élevé. post: poste, poteau, pieu, emploi, afficher, fonction, courrier, coller, office, agglutiner, place. rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent. spoken: parlé. tidings: nouvelles. wild: sauvage. worst: pire, le plus mauvais.

6

King Henry IV, Part I

For more uneven and unwelcome news Came from the North, and thus it did import: On Holy-rood day the gallant Hotspur there, Young Harry Percy, and brave Archibald, That ever-valiant and approved Scot, At Holmedon met; Where they did spend a sad and bloody hour, As by discharge of their artillery, And shape of likelihood, the news was told; For he that brought them, in the very heat And pride of their contention did take horse, Uncertain of the issue any way.% KING. Here is a dear and true-industrious friend, Sir Walter Blunt, new lighted from his horse, Stain'd with the variation of each soil Betwixt that Holmedon and this seat of ours; And he hath brought us smooth and welcome news. The Earl of Douglas is discomfited: Ten thousand bold Scots, two-and-twenty knights, Balk'd in their own blood, did Sir Walter see On Holmedon's plains: of prisoners, Hotspur took Mordake the Earl of Fife and eldest son To beaten Douglas; and the Earls of Athol, Of Murray, Angus, and Menteith. And is not this an honourable spoil, A gallant prize? ha, cousin, is it not? WESTMORELAND. Faith, 'tis a conquest for a prince to boast of. KING. Yea, there thou makest me sad, and makest me sin

French beaten: battu, abattue, abattues, battue. bloody: sanglant. boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter. bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. conquest: conquête. contention: contention, conflit, assertion. discharge: décharge, congé, décharger,

renvoyer, déchargement, débit, acquittement, écoulement, licencier, partir, quitus. eldest: aîné. gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux. honourable: honorable. lighted: allumé. likelihood: vraisemblance, probabilité. pride: fierté, orgueil. prince: prince. prisoners: prisonniers.

prize: prix, récompense. sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre. sin: péché, pécher, commettre une faute. smooth: lisse, uni, plat, lisser, douce, égaliser, polir. thou: tu, vous, toi. uneven: inégal, accidenté, irrégulier. unwelcome: importun. variation: variation, déclinaison, variante, fluctuation.

William Shakespeare

7

In%envy that my Lord Northumberland Should be the father to so blest a son,-A son who is the theme of honour's tongue; Amongst a grove, the very straightest plant; Who is sweet Fortune's minion and her pride: Whilst I, by looking on the praise of him, See riot and dishonour stain the brow Of my young Harry. O, that it could be proved That some night-tripping fairy had exchanged In cradle-clothes our children where they lay, And call'd mine Percy, his Plantagenet! Then would I have his Harry, and he mine: But let him from my thoughts. What think you, coz, Of this young Percy's pride? the prisoners, Which he in this adventure hath surprised, To his own use he keeps; and sends me word, I shall have none but Mordake Earl of Fife. WESTMORELAND. This is his uncle's teaching, this is Worcester, Malevolent to you in all aspects; Which makes him prune himself, and bristle up The crest of youth against your dignity. KING. But I have sent for him to answer this; And for this cause awhile we must neglect Our holy purpose to Jerusalem. Cousin, on Wednesday next our Council we Will hold at Windsor; so inform the lords: But come yourself with speed to us again; For more is to be said and to be done Than out of anger can be uttered.

French adventure: aventure. anger: colère. answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. awhile: pendant quelque temps. bristle: soie, crin, poil. crest: crête, sommet. dignity: dignité. dishonour: déshonorer. fairy: fée, lutin. grove: bosquet. inform: informer, informes,

informons, informez, informe, informent, renseigner, renseigne, renseignes, renseignez, renseignons. keeps: garde, élève, remplit. mine: mine, mienne. minion: favori, mignonne. none: aucun, personne, nul. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. prune: pruneau, élaguer, tailler, prune. purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention.

riot: émeute, baroufle, barouf, bagarre. sends: envoie, adresse. speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte. stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter. sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert. teaching: enseignant, instruisant, enseignement. theme: thème, sujet, composition. yourself: vous. youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes.

8

King Henry IV, Part I

WESTMORELAND. I will, my liege.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE II. THE SAME. AN APARTMENT OF PRINCE HENRY'S. [Enter PRINCE HENRY and FALSTAFF.] FALSTAFF. Now, Hal, what time of day is it, lad? PRINCE. Thou art so fat-witted, with drinking of old sack, and unbuttoning thee after supper, and sleeping upon benches after noon, that thou hast forgotten to demand that truly which thou wouldst truly know. What a devil hast thou to do with the time of the day? unless hours were cups of sack, and minutes capons, and the blessed Sun himself a fair hot wench in flame-coloured taffeta, I see no reason why thou shouldst be so superfluous to demand the time of the day. FALSTAFF. Indeed, you come near me now, Hal; for we that take purses go by the Moon and the seven stars, and not by Phoebus,--he, that wandering knight so fair. And I pr'ythee, sweet wag, when thou art king,--as, God save thy Grace-Majesty I should say, for grace thou wilt have none,-PRINCE. What, none? FALSTAFF. No, by my troth; not so much as will serve to be prologue to an egg and butter.

French benches: bancs. butter: beurre, beurrer. cups: cuillères. devil: diable. drinking: buvant. egg: oeuf. forgotten: oublié. grace: grâce, charme. knight: chevalier, cavalier. lad: garçon, gosse. noon: midi. prologue: prologue.

purses: bourses. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons. sleeping: dormant. stars: étoiles. superfluous: superflu. supper: souper, dîner. taffeta: taffetas.

thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. troth: foi. truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement. unbuttoning: déboutonnant. unless: à moins que, à moins de, sauf. wag: farceur, remuer. wandering: errant, vaguant, vagabond, errance, nomade. wench: jeune fille, gosse, fille. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

William Shakespeare

9

PRINCE. Well, how then? come, roundly, roundly.% FALSTAFF. Marry, then, sweet wag, when thou art king, let not us that are squires of the night's body be called thieves of the day's beauty: let us be Diana's foresters, gentlemen of the shade, minions of the Moon; and let men say we be men of good government, being governed, as the sea is, by our noble and chaste mistress the Moon, under whose countenance we steal. PRINCE. Thou say'st well, and it holds well too; for the fortune of us that are the Moon's men doth ebb and flow like the sea, being governed, as the sea is, by the Moon. As, for proof, now: A purse of gold most resolutely snatch'd on Monday night, and most dissolutely spent on Tuesday morning; got with swearing Lay by, and spent with crying Bring in; now ill as low an ebb as the foot of the ladder, and by-and-by in as high a flow as the ridge of the gallows. FALSTAFF. By the Lord, thou say'st true, lad. And is not my hostess of the tavern a most sweet wench? PRINCE. As the honey of Hybla, my old lad of the castle. And is not a buff jerkin a most sweet robe of durance? FALSTAFF. How now, how now, mad wag! what, in thy quips and thy quiddities? what a plague have I to do with a buff jerkin? PRINCE. Why, what a pox have I to do with my hostess of the tavern? FALSTAFF. Well, thou hast call'd her to a reckoning many a time and oft.

French buff: polir, polis, polissent, polissez, polissons, peau de buffle, buffle, feutre à polir. chaste: chaste, continent, pur, pudique. countenance: encourager. dissolutely: de façon dissolue, de manière dissolue. ebb: reflux, marée descendante, jusant, refluer. gallows: potence, gibet. governed: gouvernâtes, gouvernas,

gouverné, gouvernèrent, gouvernai, gouvernâmes, gouverna, régnâmes, régna, régnèrent, régné. hostess: hôtesse, aubergiste, maîtresse de maison. jerkin: justaucorps, pourpoint. ladder: échelle, maille filée. mistress: maîtresse. plague: peste, fléau. pox: éruption cutanée. purse: bourse, sacoche, sac à main. reckoning: calculant.

resolutely: de manière résolue, de façon résolue, résolument. ridge: arête, faîte, crête. robe: robe, peignoir. roundly: de manière ronde, de façon ronde, rondement. squires: châtelains. steal: voler, dérober, dépouiller, d'acier, subtiliser, volent. swearing: jurant. tavern: taverne. thieves: voleurs.

10

King Henry IV, Part I

PRINCE. Did I ever call for thee to pay thy part? FALSTAFF. No; I'll give thee thy due, thou hast paid all there.% PRINCE. Yea, and elsewhere, so far as my coin would stretch; and where it would not, I have used my credit. FALSTAFF. Yea, and so used it, that, were it not here apparent that thou art heirapparent--But I pr'ythee, sweet wag, shall there be gallows standing in England when thou art king? and resolution thus fobb'd as it is with the rusty curb of old father antic the law? Do not thou, when thou art king, hang a thief. PRINCE. No; thou shalt. FALSTAFF. Shall I? O rare! By the Lord, I'll be a brave judge. PRINCE. Thou judgest false already: I mean, thou shalt have the hanging of the thieves, and so become a rare hangman. FALSTAFF. Well, Hal, well; and in some sort it jumps with my humour; as well as waiting in the Court, I can tell you. PRINCE. For obtaining of suits? FALSTAFF. Yea, for obtaining of suits, whereof the hangman hath no lean wardrobe. 'Sblood, I am as melancholy as a gib-cat or a lugg'd bear.

French antic: cabriole, bouffonnerie. apparent: évident, apparent. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. coin: pièce de monnaie. credit: crédit, créditer. curb: brider, gourmette, bordure, collerette, bordure de trottoir, rouet. due: dû. elsewhere: ailleurs, autre part. false: faux, perfide, feint.

hang: pendre, suspendre, retomber, accrocher, faisander. hanging: pendaison, suspension, suspendu, pendre, mise à la pente. hangman: bourreau. humour: humour, humeur. judge: juge, juger. lean: maigre, appuyer, accoter, mince, s'adosser, s'accoter, adosser. melancholy: mélancolie, mélancolique, abattement, sombre. obtaining: obtenant, obtention.

paid: payâtes, payas, payèrent, paya, payai, payâmes, payé. rare: rare, saignant. resolution: résolution, motion, définition, pouvoir de résolution. rusty: rouillé. standing: debout, permanent. stretch: tendre, étirer, étendre, allongement, s'étendre, s'étirer. thief: voleur. waiting: attendant, attente. wardrobe: penderie, armoire.

William Shakespeare

11

PRINCE. Or an old lion, or a lover's lute. FALSTAFF. Yea, or the drone of a Lincolnshire bagpipe.% PRINCE. What say'st thou to a hare, or the melancholy of Moor-ditch? FALSTAFF. Thou hast the most unsavoury similes, and art, indeed, the most comparative, rascalliest, sweet young prince,--But, Hal, I pr'ythee trouble me no more with vanity. I would to God thou and I knew where a commodity of good names were to be bought. An old lord of the Council rated me the other day in the street about you, sir,--but I mark'd him not; and yet he talk'd very wisely,--but I regarded him not; and yet he talk'd wisely, and in the street too. PRINCE. Thou didst well; for wisdom cries out in the streets, and no man regards it. FALSTAFF. O, thou hast damnable iteration, and art, indeed, able to corrupt a saint. Thou hast done much harm upon me, Hal; God forgive thee for it! Before I knew thee, Hal, I knew nothing; and now am I, if a man should speak truly, little better than one of the wicked. I must give over this life, and I will give it over; by the Lord, an I do not, I am a villain: I'll be damn'd for never a king's son in Christendom. PRINCE. Where shall we take a purse to-morrow, Jack? FALSTAFF. Zounds, where thou wilt, lad; I'll make one: an I do not, call me villain, and baffle me. PRINCE. I see a good amendment of life in thee,--from praying to purse-taking.

French amendment: amendement, modification, avenant, rectification. baffle: déflecteur, chicane, cloison, baffle, déflecteur acoustique, écran, écran acoustique. bought: acheté. commodity: denrée, marchandise, article, produit, produit de base. comparative: comparatif. corrupt: corrompu, corrompre. cries: pleure. drone: drone, bourdon.

forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons. hare: lièvre. harm: nuire, préjudice, mal, tort, endommager. iteration: itération. lion: lion. lute: luth, lut, luter. praying: priant. rated: nominal.

regarded: considéré, considérai, considérâmes, considéras, considérâtes, considérèrent, considéra. regards: considère. saint: saint. vanity: vanité, futilité. villain: scélérat. wicked: mauvais, méchant. wisdom: sagesse, intelligence. wisely: sagement, de manière sensée, de façon sensée.

12

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Why, Hal, 'tis my vocation, Hal; 'tis no sin for a man to labour in his vocation. [Enter POINTZ.]--Pointz!--Now shall we know if Gadshill have set a match. O, if men were to be saved by merit, what hole in Hell were hot enough for him? This is the most omnipotent villain that ever cried Stand! to a true man.% PRINCE. Good morrow, Ned. POINTZ. Good morrow, sweet Hal.--What says Monsieur Remorse? what says Sir John Sack-and-sugar? Jack, how agrees the Devil and thee about thy soul, that thou soldest him on Good-Friday last for a cup of Madeira and a cold capon's leg? PRINCE. Sir John stands to his word,--the Devil shall have his bargain; for he was never yet a breaker of proverbs,--he will give the Devil his due. POINTZ. Then art thou damn'd for keeping thy word with the Devil. PRINCE. Else he had been damn'd for cozening the Devil. POINTZ. But, my lads, my lads, to-morrow morning, by four o'clock, early at Gads-hill! there are pilgrims gong to Canterbury with rich offerings, and traders riding to London with fat purses: I have visards for you all; you have horses for yourselves: Gadshill lies to-night in Rochester: I have bespoke supper tomorrow night in Eastcheap: we may do it as secure as sleep. If you will go, I will stuff your purses full of crowns; if you will not, tarry at home and be hang'd. FALSTAFF. Hear ye, Yedward; if I tarry at home and go not, I'll hang you for going.

French agrees: consent. bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché. bespoke: fait sur mesure. breaker: brisant, interrupteur, concasseur, casseur, briseur, broyeur, rupteur. cried: pleuré. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons.

fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. gong: gong. hole: trou, fossé, creux, orifice, fosse. horses: chevaux. leg: jambe, patte, cuisse, branche, pied, gigot, montant. lies: git, ment. merit: mérite, mériter, gloire. morrow: lendemain. pilgrims: pèlerins. riding: équitation. saved: épargnâtes, épargnas,

épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent. secure: fixer, fixe, fixent, fixes, fixez, fixons, sûr, attacher, en sûreté, à l'abri, obtenir. soul: âme. stands: tribune. tarry: goudronneux. traders: commerçants. vocation: vocation. ye: vous, toi, tu.

William Shakespeare

13

POINTZ. You will, chops? FALSTAFF. Hal, wilt thou make one? PRINCE. Who, I rob? I a thief? not I, by my faith.% FALSTAFF. There's neither honesty, manhood, nor good fellowship in thee, nor thou camest not of the blood royal, if thou darest not stand for ten shillings. PRINCE. Well, then, once in my days I'll be a madcap. FALSTAFF. Why, that's well said. PRINCE. Well, come what will, I'll tarry at home. FALSTAFF. By the Lord, I'll be a traitor, then, when thou art king. PRINCE. I care not. POINTZ. Sir John, I pr'ythee, leave the Prince and me alone: I will lay him down such reasons for this adventure, that he shall go. FALSTAFF. Well, God give thee the spirit of persuasion, and him the ears of profiting, that what thou speakest may move, and what he hears may be believed, that the true Prince may, for recreation- sake, prove a false thief; for the poor abuses of the time want countenance. Farewell; you shall find me in Eastcheap.

French abuses: abuse. alone: seul, seulement. believed: cru, crûtes, crut, crurent, crûmes, crus. blood: sang. chops: bouches. ears: oreilles. farewell: adieu. fellowship: camaraderie. hears: entend, oit. honesty: honnêteté. king: roi, dame.

lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. madcap: écervelé. manhood: virilité. neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul. nor: ni. persuasion: persuasion, croyance. profiting: bénéficiant. prove: prouver, prouve, prouves, prouvez, prouvons, prouvent, démontrer.

reasons: raisonne. recreation: récréation, transformation, métamorphose. rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles, pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez. sake: saké. spirit: esprit, vigueur. stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser. traitor: traître.

14

King Henry IV, Part I

PRINCE. Farewell, thou latter Spring! farewell, All-hallown Summer! [Exit FALSTAFF.] POINTZ. Now, my good sweet honey-lord, ride with us to-morrow: I have a jest to execute that I cannot manage alone. Falstaff, Bardolph, Peto, and Gadshill, shall rob those men that we have already waylaid: yourself and I will not be there; and when they have the booty, if you and I do not rob them, cut this head off from my shoulders.% PRINCE. But how shall we part with them in setting forth? POINTZ. Why, we will set forth before or after them, and appoint them a place of meeting, wherein it is at our pleasure to fail; and then will they adventure upon the exploit themselves; which they shall have no sooner achieved but we'll set upon them. PRINCE. Ay, but 'tis like that they will know us by our horses, by our habits, and by every other appointment, to be ourselves. POINTZ. Tut! our horses they shall not see,--I'll tie them in the wood; our visards we will change, after we leave them; and, sirrah, I have cases of buckram for the nonce, to immask our noted outward garments. PRINCE. But I doubt they will be too hard for us. POINTZ. Well, for two of them, I know them to be as true-bred cowards as ever turn'd back; and for the third, if he fight longer than he sees reason, I'll forswear arms. The virtue of this jest will be, the incomprehensible lies that this same fat rogue will tell us when we meet at supper: how thirty, at least, he fought

French appoint: nommer, nomment, nomme, nommons, nommez, nommes, désigner, appointer. appointment: nomination, rencontre. booty: butin. buckram: bougran. execute: exécuter, exécute, exécutes, exécutez, exécutons, exécutent, effectuer, accomplir. exploit: exploiter. fail: échouer, avorter, faillir, manquer, rater.

forswear: abjurer, abjure, abjures, abjurent, abjurons, abjurez. forth: en avant. garments: vêtements, habits. habits: mode de vie, habitudes. incomprehensible: incompréhensible. jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie. least: moindre, le moins. nonce: nonce. noted: noté. ourselves: nous. outward: vers l'extérieur, sortie.

pleasure: plaisir, jouissance. ride: chevaucher, tour, monter à cheval, aller en véhicule, aller, se déplacer, monter à bicyclette. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. sees: voit, scie. tie: cravate, attacher, lien, nouer, attache, lier, relier, traverse, tirant, liaison. virtue: vertu. wherein: où.

William Shakespeare

15

with; what wards, what blows, what extremities he endured; and in the reproof of this lies the jest. PRINCE. Well, I'll go with thee: provide us all things necessary and meet me to-night in Eastcheap; there I'll sup. Farewell.% POINTZ. Farewell, my lord. [Exit.] PRINCE. I know you all, and will awhile uphold The unyok'd humour of your idleness: Yet herein will I imitate the Sun, Who doth permit the base contagious clouds To smother-up his beauty from the world, That, when he please again to be himself, Being wanted, he may be more wonder'd at, By breaking through the foul and ugly mists Of vapours that did seem to strangle him. If all the year were playing holidays, To sport would be as tedious as to work; But, when they seldom come, they wish'd-for come, And nothing pleaseth but rare accidents. So, when this loose behaviour I throw off, And pay the debt I never promised, By how much better than my word I am, By so much shall I falsify men's hopes; And, like bright metal on a sullen ground, My reformation, glittering o'er my fault, Shall show more goodly and attract more eyes Than that which hath no foil to set it off. I'll so offend, to make offence a skill;

French blows: coups, souffle. contagious: contagieux. endured: supporta, enduré, supportèrent, endura, endurâmes, endurèrent, supportâmes, supportai, endurai, supporté, enduras. extremities: extrémités. falsify: falsifier, falsifies, falsifie, falsifions, falsifient, falsifiez, fausser, faussent, faussons, fausses, fausse. foil: fleuret, feuille de métal, clinquant, feuille, feuille mince,

déjouer, aile portante, feuillard, racle d'égouttage. foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir. glittering: éclat, scintillant. goodly: de façon bonne, de manière bonne. herein: en ceci. imitate: imiter, imite, imites, imitent, imitons, imitez, copier, copie, copiez, copions, copient. offend: offenser, offenses, offensent, offense, offensez, offensons, insulter,

insulte, insultons, insultez, insultes. reformation: réforme. reproof: reproche. strangle: étrangler, étrangles, étranglez, étrangle, étranglons, étranglent. sullen: maussade. sup: souper. tedious: ennuyeux, fastidieux. ugly: laid, vilain, moche, mauvais. vapours: vapeurs, buée. wards: défenses.

16

King Henry IV, Part I

Redeeming time, when men think least I will. [Exit.]

SCENE III. THE SAME. A ROOM IN THE PALACE.% [Enter KING HENRY, NORTHUMBERLAND, WORCESTER, HOTSPUR, SIR WALTER BLUNT, and others.] KING. My blood hath been too cold and temperate, Unapt to stir at these indignities, And you have found me; for, accordingly, You tread upon my patience: but be sure I will from henceforth rather be myself, Mighty and to be fear'd, than my condition, Which hath been smooth as oil, soft as young down, And therefore lost that title of respect Which the proud soul ne'er pays but to the proud. WORCESTER. Our House, my sovereign liege, little deserves The scourge of greatness to be used on it; And that same greatness too which our own hands Have holp to make so portly. NORTHUMBERLAND. My good lord,-KING. Worcester, get thee gone; for I do see Danger and disobedience in thine eye: O, sir, your presence is too bold and peremptory, And majesty might never yet endure

French bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. cold: froid, rhume. disobedience: désobéissance. endure: endurer, supporter, endurez, endurent, supportent, supportons, endurons, supportez, supportes, endure, endures. gone: allé, parti, allés. greatness: grandeur. henceforth: désormais, dorénavant, à l'avenir.

liege: lige. lost: perdîtes, perdîmes, perdirent, perdit, perdis, perdu, perdus, non vu. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. oil: huile, pétrole, graisser. patience: patience. pays: paie, paye. portly: corpulent. presence: présence. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet. sir: monsieur.

soft: doux, mou, tendre, moelleux, gentil, suave, sucré. sovereign: souverain. stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger. thee: toi, te, vous. title: titre, intitulé. tread: piétiner, bande de roulement, chape, giron, fouler aux pieds, faire les cent pas, semelle, marcher sur, fouler.

William Shakespeare

17

The moody frontier of a servant brow. You have good leave to leave us: when we need Your use and counsel, we shall send for you.% [Exit WORCESTER.] [To NORTHUMBERLAND.] You were about to speak. NORTHUMBERLAND. Yea, my good lord. Those prisoners in your Highness' name demanded, Which Harry Percy here at Holmedon took, Were, as he says, not with such strength denied As is deliver'd to your Majesty: Either envy, therefore, or misprision Is guilty of this fault, and not my son. HOTSPUR. My liege, I did deny no prisoners. But, I remember, when the fight was done, When I was dry with rage and extreme toil, Breathless and faint, leaning upon my sword, Came there a certain lord, neat, trimly dress'd, Fresh as a bridegroom; and his chin new reap'd Show'd like a stubble-land at harvest-home: He was perfumed like a milliner; And 'twixt his finger and his thumb he held A pouncet-box, which ever and anon He gave his nose, and took't away again; Who therewith angry, when it next came there, Took it in snuff: and still he smiled and talk'd; And, as the soldiers bore dead bodies by, He call'd them untaught knaves, unmannerly, To bring a slovenly unhandsome corse

French angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux. bore: ennuyer, percer, forer, alésage, lasser, rencontrer, toucher, vrille, calibre, fatiguer. bridegroom: jeune marié, marié. chin: menton. counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur. deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier. envy: envie, envier, enviez, envions, envient, envies, jalousie.

extreme: extrême. faint: faible, s'évanouir, défaillir. fault: défaut, panne, faute, faille, erreur. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. finger: doigt, tâter. frontier: frontière, limite. guilty: coupable. leaning: penchant. neat: net, propre. nose: nez, bec.

perfumed: parfumé. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante. slovenly: négligé. snuff: tabac à priser. therewith: avec cela. thumb: pouce. trimly: de manière garnie, de façon garnie. untaught: ignorant, spontané.

18

King Henry IV, Part I

Betwixt%the wind and his nobility. With many holiday and lady terms He question'd me; amongst the rest, demanded My prisoners in your Majesty's behalf. I then, all smarting with my wounds being cold, Out of my grief and my impatience To be so pester'd with a popinjay, Answer'd neglectingly, I know not what,-He should, or he should not; for't made me mad To see him shine so brisk, and smell so sweet, And talk so like a waiting-gentlewoman Of guns and drums and wounds,--God save the mark!-And telling me the sovereign'st thing on Earth Was parmaceti for an inward bruise; And that it was great pity, so it was, This villainous salt-petre should be digg'd Out of the bowels of the harmless earth, Which many a good tall fellow had destroy'd So cowardly; and, but for these vile guns, He would himself have been a soldier. This bald unjointed chat of his, my lord, I answered indirectly, as I said; And I beseech you, let not his report Come current for an accusation Betwixt my love and your high Majesty. BLUNT. The circumstance consider'd, good my lord, Whatever Harry Percy then had said To such a person, and in such a place, At such a time, with all the rest re-told, May reasonably die, and never rise

French answered: répondue, répondis, répondu, répondus, répondues, répondit. bald: chauve. beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite. blunt: émoussé, émousser, épointer. bowels: intestins. brisk: vif, actif, alerte, vigilant. chat: bavarder, bavardage, causerie,

conversation, babiller, babil, babillage, causer. circumstance: circonstance. cowardly: lâche. drums: batterie. fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle. grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur. harmless: inoffensif, anodin, innocent. indirectly: indirectement, de manière indirecte, de façon indirecte.

inward: intérieur, vers l'intérieur. pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer. reasonably: de manière raisonnable, de façon raisonnable, raisonnablement. shine: briller, luire, être lumineux, éclat, lustre, reluire. smarting: cuisant. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. villainous: vil, infâme.

William Shakespeare

19

To%do him wrong, or any way impeach What then he said, so he unsay it now. KING. Why, yet he doth deny his prisoners, But with proviso and exception, That we at our own charge shall ransom straight His brother-in-law, the foolish Mortimer; Who, on my soul, hath wilfully betray'd The lives of those that he did lead to fight Against that great magician, damn'd Glendower, Whose daughter, as we hear, the Earl of March Hath lately married. Shall our coffers, then, Be emptied to redeem a traitor home? Shall we buy treason? and indent with fears When they have lost and forfeited themselves? No, on the barren mountains let him starve; For I shall never hold that man my friend Whose tongue shall ask me for one penny cost To ransom home revolted Mortimer. HOTSPUR. Revolted Mortimer! He never did fall off, my sovereign liege, But by the chance of war: to prove that true Needs no more but one tongue for all those wounds, Those mouthed wounds, which valiantly he took, When on the gentle Severn's sedgy bank, In single opposition, hand to hand, He did confound the best part of an hour In changing hardiment with great Glendower. Three times they breathed, and three times did they drink, Upon agreement, of swift Severn's flood;

French barren: stérile, aride, infertile. breathed: respiras, respirâtes, respirèrent, respira, respiré, respirâmes, respirai. changing: changeant, changement. confound: confondre, déconcerter. emptied: vidé. foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé. forfeited: perdu, forfaite, forfaites, forfaits. indent: denteler, indentation,

commande, découper, retrait. lives: vit, habite, loge. magician: magicien, sorcier. married: marié, se marièrent, vous mariâtes, te marias, me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, mariée, mariés, épousas. mountains: massif. opposition: opposition, résistance. penny: sou. proviso: clause conditionnelle. ransom: rançon.

redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète, rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser. revolted: révolté. swift: rapide, prompt, martinet noir, martinet. tongue: langue, languette. treason: trahison. valiantly: vaillamment, de manière vaillante, de façon vaillante. wilfully: de manière obstinée, de façon obstinée.

20

King Henry IV, Part I

Who then, affrighted with their bloody looks, Ran fearfully among the trembling reeds, And hid his crisp head in the hollow bank Blood-stained with these valiant combatants. Never did base and rotten policy Colour her working with such deadly wounds; Nor never could the noble Mortimer Receive so many, and all willingly: Then let not him be slander'd with revolt.% KING. Thou dost belie him, Percy, thou dost belie him; He never did encounter with Glendower: I tell thee, He durst as well have met the Devil alone As Owen Glendower for an enemy. Art not ashamed? But, sirrah, henceforth Let me not hear you speak of Mortimer: Send me your prisoners with the speediest means, Or you shall hear in such a kind from me As will displease you.--My Lord Northumberland, We license your departure with your son.-Send us your prisoners, or you'll hear of it. [Exeunt KING HENRY, BLUNT, and train.] HOTSPUR. An if the Devil come and roar for them, I will not send them: I will after straight, And tell him so; for I will else my heart, Although it be with hazard of my head. NORTHUMBERLAND. What, drunk with choler? stay, and pause awhile: Here comes your uncle. [Re-enter WORCESTER.]

French ashamed: honteux. base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder. belie: démentir. crisp: croquant, croustillant. deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte. departure: départ, disparition. displease: déplaire. drunk: ivre, bu, soûl. encounter: rencontre, rencontrer,

rencontrons, rencontrent, rencontrez, rencontres, abord. fearfully: de manière effrayante, de façon effrayante. hazard: risque, danger, hasard, aléa, péril, risquer, aventurer, oser, hasarder. hid: cachas, cachâtes, cachèrent, cacha, cachai, cachâmes, masqua, masquèrent, masquâtes, masquas, masquâmes. hollow: creux, cavité, caver.

license: licence, permis, autoriser. pause: pause, repos, trêve. roar: gronder, mugir, rugir. rotten: pourri, mauvais. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. speediest: le plus rapide. trembling: tremblant, tremblement, frémissant. uncle: oncle. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux.

William Shakespeare

21

HOTSPUR. Speak of Mortimer! Zounds, I will speak of him; and let my soul Want mercy, if I do not join with him: Yea, on his part I'll empty all these veins, And shed my dear blood drop by drop i' the dust, But I will lift the down-trod Mortimer As high i' the air as this unthankful King, As this ingrate and canker'd Bolingbroke.% NORTH. [To WORCESTER.] Brother, the King hath made your nephew mad. WORCESTER. Who struck this heat up after I was gone? HOTSPUR. He will, forsooth, have all my prisoners; And when I urged the ransom once again Of my wife's brother, then his cheek look'd pale, And on my face he turn'd an eye of death, Trembling even at the name of Mortimer. WORCESTER. I cannot blame him: was not he proclaim'd By Richard that dead is the next of blood? NORTHUMBERLAND. He was; I heard the proclamation: And then it was when the unhappy King-Whose wrongs in us God pardon!--did set forth Upon his Irish expedition; From whence he intercepted did return To be deposed, and shortly murdered.

French blame: blâme, reprocher, gronder, blâmer, sermonner, réprimander, reprendre. brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère. cheek: joue, la joue, chape. deposed: destitué, déposas, destituèrent, destituâtes, destituas, destituâmes, destituai, destitua, déposèrent, déposâtes, déposâmes. drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser,

baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir. empty: vide, vider, vidanger. heat: chaleur, chauffer, ardeur, chaleurs, charge de fusion, rut. intercepted: interceptas, interceptâtes, intercepta, interceptai, interceptèrent, intercepté, interceptâmes. lift: ascenseur, lever, soulever, élever, portance, se soulever, sustentation. mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde.

murdered: assassiné. nephew: neveu. shed: hangar, verser, abri, versai, versas, versâmes, versa, versons, versez, verses, versèrent. shortly: prochainement, de façon courte, de manière courte, bientôt. struck: frappé. unhappy: malheureux, mécontent. unthankful: ingrat. urged: exhorté. whence: d'où.

22

King Henry IV, Part I

WORCESTER. And for whose death we in the world's wide mouth Live scandalized and foully spoken of.% HOTSPUR. But, soft! I pray you; did King Richard then Proclaim my brother Edmund Mortimer Heir to the crown? NORTHUMBERLAND. He did; myself did hear it. HOTSPUR. Nay, then I cannot blame his cousin King, That wish'd him on the barren mountains starve. But shall it be, that you, that set the crown Upon the head of this forgetful man, And for his sake wear the detested blot Of murderous subornation,--shall it be, That you a world of curses undergo, Being the agents, or base second means, The cords, the ladder, or the hangman rather?-O, pardon me, that I descend so low, To show the line and the predicament Wherein you range under this subtle King;-Shall it, for shame, be spoken in these days, Or fill up chronicles in time to come, That men of your nobility and power Did gage them both in an unjust behalf,-As both of you, God pardon it! have done,-To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose, And plant this thorn, this canker, Bolingbroke? And shall it, in more shame, be further spoken, That you are fool'd, discarded, and shook off

French canker: cancer, chancre, ulcère. cords: cordes. crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer. descend: descendre, descendons, descendent, descendez, descends, baisser, s'abaisser. detested: détesté, détestâmes, détestai, détestèrent, détesta, détestas, détestâtes. discarded: laissé de côté, supprimé, mis au rebut.

fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer, emplir, remblai. forgetful: distrait, oublieux. gage: calibre, jauge. murderous: meurtrier. myself: me. nobility: noblesse. pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient.

scandalized: scandalisâtes, scandalisèrent, scandalisas, scandalisâmes, scandalisai, scandalisa, scandalisé. shook: secoua, secouèrent, secouâtes, secouas, secouâmes, secouai, ébranlâtes, ébranlas, ébranlâmes, ébranlai, ébranla. subtle: subtil, fin. thorn: épine. unjust: injuste. wear: usure, porter, avoir, user.

William Shakespeare

23

By%him for whom these shames ye underwent? No! yet time serves, wherein you may redeem Your banish'd honours, and restore yourselves Into the good thoughts of the world again; Revenge the jeering and disdain'd contempt Of this proud King, who studies day and night To answer all the debt he owes to you Even with the bloody payment of your deaths: Therefore, I say,-WORCESTER. Peace, cousin, say no more: And now I will unclasp a secret book, And to your quick-conceiving discontent I'll read you matter deep and dangerous; As full of peril and adventurous spirit As to o'er-walk a current roaring loud On the unsteadfast footing of a spear. HOTSPUR. If we fall in, good night, or sink or swim! Send danger from the east unto the west, So honour cross it from the north to south, And let them grapple. O, the blood more stirs To rouse a lion than to start a hare! NORTHUMBERLAND. Imagination of some great exploit Drives him beyond the bounds of patience. HOTSPUR. By Heaven, methinks it were an easy leap, To pluck bright honour from the pale-faced Moon; Or dive into the bottom of the deep, Where fathom-line could never touch the ground,

French adventurous: aventureux, périlleux. bottom: fond, derrière, cul, croupe, bas, dessous, inférieur. bounds: bornes. danger: danger, péril. debt: dette, créance, endettement. dive: plonger, plongeon, plongée, piqué, plonge. footing: pied, semelle. grapple: attraper, capturer, grappin, saisir. honour: honneur, honorer.

honours: honneurs. owes: doit. payment: paiement, versement, règlement, acquittement, paye, remboursement. peril: danger, péril. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. restore: restaurer, restaures, restaurez, restaurent, restaure, restaurons, rétablir, rétablis, rétablissent, rétablissez, rétablissons.

roaring: rugissant. rouse: irriter, exciter, stimuler, agacer, stimules, excitons, stimulez, stimulent, stimule, irritons, irritez. secret: secret, arcane. serves: sert, dessert. sink: évier, forer, couler, lavabo, sombrer, toucher, puits, enfoncer, rencontrer, collecteur. spear: lance, javelot. unclasp: défaire, défais, défaisons, défaites, défont.

24

King Henry IV, Part I

And pluck up drowned honour by the locks; So he that doth redeem her thence might wear Without corrival all her dignities: But out upon this half-faced fellowship! WORCESTER. He apprehends a world of figures here, But not the form of what he should attend.-Good cousin, give me audience for a while.% HOTSPUR. I cry you mercy. WORCESTER. Those same noble Scots That are your prisoners,-HOTSPUR. I'll keep them all; By God, he shall not have a Scot of them; No, if a Scot would save his soul, he shall not: I'll keep them, by this hand. WORCESTER. You start away, And lend no ear unto my purposes. Those prisoners you shall keep;-HOTSPUR. Nay, I will; that's flat. He said he would not ransom Mortimer; Forbade my tongue to speak of Mortimer; But I will find him when he lies asleep, And in his ear I'll holla Mortimer! Nay, I'll have a starling shall be taught to speak

French apprehends: appréhende. audience: audience, auditoire. cousin: cousin, cousine. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. drowned: noyé, noya, noyèrent, noyâmes, noyai, noyâtes, noyas. ear: oreille, épi. fellowship: camaraderie. figures: figure. honour: honneur, honorer. lend: prêter, prête, prêtes, prêtez, prêtent, prêtons, emprunter,

empruntes, empruntez, empruntons, empruntent. lies: git, ment. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. noble: noble, élevé. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. prisoners: prisonniers. ransom: rançon. redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète, rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser.

save: épargner, épargne, épargnes, épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons. soul: âme. starling: étourneau. taught: enseignas, enseignâtes, enseignai, enseigné, enseignèrent, enseigna, enseignâmes, instruisirent, instruit, instruisîtes, instruisis. thence: de là. tongue: langue, languette.

William Shakespeare

25

Nothing but Mortimer, and give it him, To keep his anger still in motion.% WORCESTER. Hear you, cousin; a word. HOTSPUR. All studies here I solemnly defy, Save how to gall and pinch this Bolingbroke: And that same sword-and-buckler Prince of Wales, But that I think his father loves him not, And would be glad he met with some mischance, I'd have him poison'd with a pot of ale. WORCESTER. Farewell, kinsman: I will talk to you When you are better temper'd to attend. NORTHUMBERLAND. Why, what a wasp-stung and impatient fool Art thou, to break into this woman's mood, Tying thine ear to no tongue but thine own! HOTSPUR. Why, look you, I am whipp'd and scourged with rods, Nettled, and stung with pismires, when I hear Of this vile politician, Bolingbroke. In Richard's time,--what do you call the place?-A plague upon't!--it is in Glostershire;-'Twas where the madcap Duke his uncle kept, His uncle York;--where I first bow'd my knee Unto this king of smiles, this Bolingbroke;-When you and he came back from Ravenspurg. NORTHUMBERLAND. At Berkeley-castle.

French ale: bière. attend: être présent, assister, soigner, visiter, soignons, assiste, assistes, assistez, assistons, soigne, soignent. break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture. call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale. gall: bile, fiel, amer, galle.

glad: joyeux, content, heureux. impatient: impatient. kinsman: parent. loves: amours, aime. madcap: écervelé. met: rencontrai, rencontrâmes, rencontras, rencontrâtes, rencontrèrent, rencontra, rencontré. pinch: pincer, pincement, pincée, serrer. plague: peste, fléau. politician: politicien, homme

politique. pot: pot, marmite. solemnly: solennellement, de manière solennelle, de façon solennelle. studies: études, étudie. stung: piqué, piquées, piqua, piquée. talk: parler, parles, parle, parlez, parlent, parlons, causerie, discuter, discours, entretien. thou: tu, vous, toi. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. word: mot, parole, promesse.

26

King Henry IV, Part I

HOTSPUR. You say true:-Why, what a candy deal of courtesy This fawning greyhound then did proffer me! Look, when his infant fortune came to age, And, Gentle Harry Percy, and kind cousin,-O, the Devil take such cozeners!--God forgive me!-Good uncle, tell your tale; for I have done.% WORCESTER. Nay, if you have not, to't again; We'll stay your leisure. HOTSPUR. I have done, i'faith. WORCESTER. Then once more to your Scottish prisoners. Deliver them up without their ransom straight, And make the Douglas' son your only mean For powers in Scotland; which, for divers reasons Which I shall send you written, be assured, Will easily be granted.-[To Northumberland.] You, my lord, Your son in Scotland being thus employ'd, Shall secretly into the bosom creep Of that same noble prelate, well beloved, Th' Archbishop. HOTSPUR. Of York, is't not? WORCESTER. True; who bears hard His brother's death at Bristol, the Lord Scroop. I speak not this in estimation, As what I think might be, but what I know

French bears: ours. bosom: sein, poitrine. candy: bonbon, candi, friandise, confire. deal: distribuer, dispenser, affaire, traiter, transaction, bois blanc. easily: facilement, aisément, de manière facile, de façon facile. forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons.

fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. greyhound: lévrier. infant: enfant, nourrisson, enfant en bas âge, poupon. leisure: loisir. noble: noble, élevé. powers: pouvoirs. prelate: prélat. proffer: offrir, présenter. ransom: rançon. secretly: secrètement, de manière secrète, de façon secrte, en secret.

send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. tale: conte, récit, relation. uncle: oncle. written: écrit.

William Shakespeare

27

Is ruminated, plotted, and set down, And only stays but to behold the face Of that occasion that shall bring it on.% HOTSPUR. I smell't: upon my life, it will do well. NORTHUMBERLAND. Before the game's a-foot, thou still lett'st slip. HOTSPUR. Why, it cannot choose but be a noble plot:-And then the power of Scotland and of York To join with Mortimer, ha? WORCESTER. And so they shall. HOTSPUR. In faith, it is exceedingly well aim'd. WORCESTER. And 'tis no little reason bids us speed, To save our heads by raising of a head; For, bear ourselves as even as we can, The King will always think him in our debt, And think we think ourselves unsatisfied, Till he hath found a time to pay us home: And see already how he doth begin To make us strangers to his looks of love. HOTSPUR. He does, he does: we'll be revenged on him. WORCESTER. Cousin, farewell: no further go in this Than I by letters shall direct your course. When time is ripe,-- which will be suddenly,--

French bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir. choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes. direct: direct, diriger, guider, droit, régler. exceedingly: extrêmement, de manière excédante, de façon excédante. faith: foi.

farewell: adieu. heads: têtes. join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient. letters: lettres. looks: regarde. noble: noble, élevé. occasion: occasion, lieu, fois. ourselves: nous. plotted: tracé. raising: élevage.

ruminated: ruminèrent, rumina, ruminai, ruminâmes, ruminas, ruminâtes, ruminé. slip: glissement, glisser, barbotine, fiche, lapsus, combinaison, cale, bouture, patiner, glissade. stays: reste. strangers: étrangers. thou: tu, vous, toi.

28

King Henry IV, Part I

I'll steal to Glendower and Lord Mortimer; Where you and Douglas, and our powers at once, As I will fashion it, shall happily meet, To bear our fortunes in our own strong arms, Which now we hold at much uncertainty.% NORTHUMBERLAND. Farewell, good brother: we shall thrive, I trust. HOTSPUR. Uncle, adieu: O, let the hours be short, Till fields and blows and groans applaud our sport! [Exeunt.]

French adieu: adieu. applaud: applaudir, applaudissent, applaudis, applaudissez, applaudissons, acclamer, acclamons, acclamez, acclames, acclament, acclame. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. blows: coups, souffle. brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère.

fashion: mode, façon. fields: champs. groans: gémissements. happily: heureusement, de manière heureuse, de façon heureuse. hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir. hours: heures. powers: pouvoirs. sport: sport, sports. steal: voler, dérober, dépouiller,

d'acier, subtiliser, volent. strong: fort, puissant, vigoureux, solide, robuste. thrive: prospérer, prospères, prospérez, prospérons, prospèrent, prospère. trust: confiance, fiducie, confier, trust, foi, fidéicommis, se fier.

William Shakespeare

29

ACT II

SCENE I. ROCHESTER. AN INN-YARD.% [Enter a CARRIER with a lantern in his hand.] FIRST CARRIER. Heigh-ho! an't be not four by the day, I'll be hang'd: Charles' wain is over the new chimney, and yet our horse' not pack'd.--What, ostler! OSTLER. [within.] Anon, anon. FIRST CARRIER. I pr'ythee, Tom, beat Cut's saddle, put a few flocks in the point; the poor jade is wrung in the withers out of all cess. [Enter another CARRIER.] SECOND CARRIER. Peas and beans are as dank here as a dog, and that is the next way to give poor jades the bots; this house is turned upside down since Robin ostler died. FIRST CARRIER. Poor fellow! never joyed since the price of oats rose; it was the death of him.

French beans: noisette. beat: battement, battre, frapper, heurter, temps, rythme. cess: taxe parafiscale. chimney: cheminée. dank: humide. died: mort, moururent, mourûmes, mourut, mourus, mourûtes, décédai, décédâtes, décédé, décédas, décédâmes. dog: chien, clébard, toc. fellow: individu, homme, camarade,

ensemble, mâle. seller. few: peu, peu de. turned: tournâtes, tournas, tourna, horse: cheval, le cheval. tournai, tournèrent, tournâmes, jade: jade. tourné, retournèrent, retourné, lantern: lanterne, fanal. retournâtes, retournas. oats: avoine. withers: garrot. poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, wrung: tordu. maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre. price: prix, cours. rose: rose. saddle: selle, col, ensellement, sellette,

30

King Henry IV, Part I

SECOND CARRIER. I think this be the most villainous house in all London road for fleas: I am stung like a tench.% FIRST CARRIER. Like a tench! by the Mass, there is ne'er a king in Christendom could be better bit than I have been since the first cock.--What,ostler! come away and be hang'd; come away. SECOND CARRIER. I have a gammon of bacon and two razes of ginger, to be delivered as far as Charing-cross. FIRST CARRIER. 'Odsbody! the turkeys in my pannier are quite starved.--What, ostler! A plague on thee! hast thou never an eye in thy head? canst not hear? An 'twere not as good a deed as drink to break the pate of thee, I am a very villain. Come, and be hang'd: hast no faith in thee? [Enter GADSHILL.] GADSHILL. Good morrow, carriers. What's o'clock? FIRST CARRIER. I think it be two o'clock. GADSHILL. I pr'ythee, lend me thy lantern, to see my gelding in the stable. FIRST CARRIER. Nay, soft, I pray ye; I know a trick worth two of that, i'faith. GADSHILL. I pr'ythee, lend me thine. SECOND CARRIER. Ay, when? canst tell? Lend me thy lantern, quoth a? marry, I'll see thee hang'd first.

French bacon: lard, bacon, lard fumé. bit: bit, morceau, pièce, fragment, mors, pan, bout, embout, taillant, mordis, mordit. deed: acte, action. delivered: livré, livrâmes, livra, livrèrent, livrai, livrâtes, livras. drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer. eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas. fleas: puces. gammon: jambon salé fumé.

gelding: cheval hongre, hongre. ginger: gingembre. hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons. lantern: lanterne, fanal. marry: marier, te maries, vous mariez, nous marions, me marie, mariezvous, se marient, épouser, se marier, épouses, épouse. morrow: lendemain. pannier: corbeille, panier, sacoche.

pate: pâté, tête. plague: peste, fléau. razes: rase. stable: écurie, stable, étable, ferme. stung: piqué, piquées, piqua, piquée. tench: tanche. thy: ton. trick: artifice, truc, mystifier, astuce, tour, ruse. villain: scélérat. villainous: vil, infâme. worth: valeur, mérite.

William Shakespeare

31

GADSHILL. Sirrah carrier, what time do you mean to come to London? SECOND CARRIER. Time enough to go to bed with a candle, I warrant thee.-- Come, neighbour Muggs, we'll call up the gentlemen: they will along with company, for they have great charge.% [Exeunt CARRIERS.] GADSHILL. What, ho! chamberlain! CHAMBERLAIN. [Within.] At hand, quoth pick-purse. GADSHILL. That's even as fair as--at hand, quoth the chamberlain; for thou variest no more from picking of purses than giving direction doth from labouring; thou lay'st the plot how. [Enter CHAMBERLAIN.] CHAMBERLAIN. Good morrow, Master Gadshill. It holds current that I told you yesternight: there's a franklin in the wild of Kent hath brought three hundred marks with him in gold: I heard him tell it to one of his company last night at supper; a kind of auditor; one that hath abundance of charge too, God knows what. They are up already, and call for eggs and butter; they will away presently. GADSHILL. Sirrah, if they meet not with Saint Nicholas' clerks, I'll give thee this neck. CHAMBERLAIN. No, I'll none of it: I pr'ythee, keep that for the hangman; for I know thou worshippest Saint Nicholas as truly as a man of falsehood may.

French abundance: abondance, richesse, abondance chiffrée. auditor: commissaire aux comptes, auditeur, réviseur, vérificateur. candle: bougie, chandelle, cierge. carrier: porteur, porteuse, chariot, entraîneur, support. chamberlain: chambellan. charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement.

current: courant, en cours. direction: direction, sens, orientation. eggs: les oeufs. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. falsehood: mensonge. gentlemen: messieurs. giving: donnant, offrant, aboulant. gold: or. holds: tient. knows: connaît, sait.

marks: marque. neck: cou, col, collet, goulot, encolure. neighbour: voisin, semblable. picking: cueillant, piquant, cueillette, arrachage, battage. plot: intrigue, parcelle, tracer, comploter, conspiration, tracé, terrain, complot, position visualisée. presently: actuellement. warrant: garantir, assurer, cautionner, mandat, warrant, bon de souscription, garantie.

32

King Henry IV, Part I

GADSHILL. What talkest thou to me of the hangman? if I hang, I'll make a fat pair of gallows; for, if I hang, old Sir John hangs with me, and thou know'st he is no starveling. Tut! there are other Trojans that thou dreamest not of, the which, for sport-sake, are content to do the profession some grace; that would, if matters should be look'd into, for their own credit-sake, make all whole. I am joined with no foot land-rakers, no long-staff sixpenny strikers, none of these mad mustachio purple-hued malt-worms; but with nobility and tranquillity, burgomasters and great oneyers; such as can hold in, such as will strike sooner than speak, and speak sooner than drink, and drink sooner than pray: and yet, zwounds, I lie; for they pray continually to their saint, the Commonwealth; or, rather, not pray to her, but prey on her, for they ride up and down on her, and make her their boots.% CHAMBERLAIN. What, the Commonwealth their boots? will she hold out water in foul way? GADSHILL. She will, she will; justice hath liquor'd her. We steal as in a castle, cock-sure; we have the receipt of fernseed,--we walk invisible. CHAMBERLAIN. Nay, by my faith, I think you are more beholding to the night than to fernseed for your walking invisible. GADSHILL. Give me thy hand: thou shalt have a share in our purchase, as I am a true man. CHAMBERLAIN. Nay, rather let me have it, as you are a false thief. GADSHILL. Go to; homo is a common name to all men. Bid the ostler bring my gelding out of the stable. Farewell, you muddy knave. [Exeunt.]

French beholding: apercevant, remarquant, voyant. bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. boots: bottes. castle: château, tour, château fort. content: contenu, satisfait. continually: continuellement, de manière continuelle, de façon continuelle.

invisible: invisible. joined: joignîtes, joignîmes, joignirent, joignis, joignit, joint, reliâtes, relias, reliâmes, reliai, relièrent. knave: fripon. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. muddy: boueux, vaseux, trouble. prey: proie. profession: profession. purchase: achat, acheter, emplette, acquérir, acquisition.

receipt: reçu, quittance, réception, récépissé, acquit, accusé de réception, ticket de caisse, recette. starveling: affamé. strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir. tranquillity: tranquillité. tut: zut. walking: marchant, marche, promenade.

William Shakespeare

33

SCENE II. THE ROAD BY GADS-HILL.% [Enter PRINCE HENRY and POINTZ; BARDOLPH and PETO at some distance.] POINTZ. Come, shelter, shelter: I have remov'd Falstaff's horse, and he frets like a gumm'd velvet. PRINCE. Stand close. [They retire.] [Enter FALSTAFF.] FALSTAFF. Pointz! Pointz, and be hang'd! Pointz! PRINCE. [Coming forward.] Peace, ye fat-kidney'd rascal! what a brawling dost thou keep! FALSTAFF. Where's Pointz, Hal? PRINCE. He is walk'd up to the top of the hill: I'll go seek him. [Retires.] FALSTAFF. I am accursed to rob in that thief's company: the rascal hath removed my horse, and tied him I know not where. If I travel but four foot by the squire further a-foot, I shall break my wind. Well, I doubt not but to die a fair death for all this, if I 'scape hanging for killing that rogue. I have forsworn his company hourly any time this two-and-twenty year, and yet I am bewitch'd

French accursed: maudit. brawling: rixe. close: fermer, ferment, ferme, fermons, fermez, fermes, proche, près, auprès, intime, prochaine. die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. doubt: doute, douter. foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied. forsworn: abjuré.

hill: colline, coteau, butter, terrer. hourly: horaire. killing: meurtre, abattage. rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon. removed: ôtai, ôtèrent, ôtâmes, ôtas, ôtâtes, supprimèrent, ôté, supprimai, supprimâmes, supprimas, supprimé. seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent. shelter: abri, abriter, refuge, s'abriter, gîte, garantir, se mettre à l'abri, se

retrancher, héberger. squire: chaperonner, châtelain. top: sommet, haut, faîte, comble, summon, mutiler, couvercle, cime, supérieur, tête. travel: voyager, voyageons, voyagez, voyagent, voyages, voyage, course, aller, déplacement, aller en véhicule, se déplacer. velvet: velours. wind: vent, enrouler, emmailloter, bobiner.

34

King Henry IV, Part I

with the rogue's company. If the rascal have not given me medicines to make me love him, I'll be hang'd; it could not be else: I have drunk medicines.-Pointz!--Hal!--a plague upon you both!--Bardolph!--Peto!--I'll starve, ere I'll rob a foot further. An 'twere not as good a deed as drink, to turn true man, and to leave these rogues, I am the veriest varlet that ever chewed with a tooth. Eight yards of uneven ground is threescore and ten miles a-foot with me; and the stony-hearted villains know it well enough: a plague upon't, when thieves cannot be true one to another! [They whistle.] Whew!--A plague upon you all! Give me my horse, you rogues; give me my horse, and be hang'd! PRINCE. [Coming forward.] Peace! lie down; lay thine ear close to the ground, and list if thou canst hear the tread of travellers.% FALSTAFF. Have you any levers to lift me up again, being down? 'Sblood, I'll not bear mine own flesh so far a-foot again for all the coin in thy father's exchequer. What a plague mean ye to colt me thus? PRINCE. Thou liest; thou art not colted, thou art uncolted. FALSTAFF. I pr'ythee, good Prince Hal, help me to my horse, good king's son. PRINCE. Out, ye rogue! shall I be your ostler? FALSTAFF. Go, hang thyself in thine own heir-apparent garters! If I be ta'en, I'll peach for this. An I have not ballads made on you all, and sung to filthy tunes, let a cup of sack be my poison. When a jest is so forward, and a-foot too, I hate it. [Enter GADSHILL.]

French art: art. ballads: ballades. chewed: mâché, mâchai, mâchâmes, mâchèrent, mâcha, mâchas, mâchâtes. colt: poulain. cup: tasse, coupe, godet. eight: huit. ere: avant, avant que. exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public. filthy: sale, dégoûtant, crasseux. flesh: chair, pulpe.

forward: en avant, avancer, avant. garters: jarretières. ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse, échouer, motif. hate: haïr, haine, détester. levers: leviers. list: liste, énumérer, lister, inventaire, répertoire. medicines: médicaments. peach: pêche. poison: poison, venin, empoisonner, intoxiquer, substance toxique.

starve: affamer, affame, affames, affament, affamez, affamons, mourir de faim. sung: chanté. tooth: dent. true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste. tunes: airs. turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes. veriest: le plus très.

William Shakespeare

35

GADSHILL. Stand! FALSTAFF. So I do, against my will.% POINTZ. O, 'tis our setter: I know his voice. [Comes forward with BARDOLPH and PETO.] BARDOLPH. What news? GADSHILL. Case ye, case ye; on with your visards: there's money of the King's coming down the hill; 'tis going to the King's exchequer. FALSTAFF. You lie, ye rogue; 'tis going to the King's tavern. GADSHILL. There's enough to make us all. FALSTAFF. To be hang'd. PRINCE. Sirs, you four shall front them in the narrow lane; Ned Pointz and I will walk lower; if they 'scape from your encounter, then they light on us. PETO. How many be there of them? GADSHILL. Some eight or ten. FALSTAFF. Zwounds, will they not rob us? PRINCE. What, a coward, Sir John Paunch?

French coming: venant. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. eight: huit. encounter: rencontre, rencontrer, rencontrons, rencontrent, rencontrez, rencontres, abord. exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public. forward: en avant, avancer, avant. front: front, devant, avant, face. hill: colline, coteau, butter, terrer. lane: voie, ruelle, couloir.

lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. light: léger, clair, lumière, allumer, feu, faible, enflammer, lumineux, lampe, rayonnement visible. lower: baisser, baisses, abaisser, baisse, baissez, baissons, baissent, inférieur. narrow: étroit. news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle. rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles,

pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. setter: incubateur, passeur, piqueteur, gravure de cambrage, setter, sertisseur, support d'enfournement. tavern: taverne. walk: marcher, marches, marchons, marchent, marchez, promenade, marche, démarche, se promener. ye: vous, toi, tu.

36

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Indeed, I am not John of Gaunt, your grandfather; but yet no coward, Hal.% PRINCE. Well, we leave that to the proof. POINTZ. Sirrah Jack, thy horse stands behind the hedge: when thou need'st him, there thou shalt find him. Farewell, and stand fast. FALSTAFF. Now cannot I strike him, if I should be hang'd. PRINCE. [aside to POINTZ.] Ned, where are our disguises? POINTZ. [aside to PRINCE HENRY.] Here, hard by: stand close. [Exeunt PRINCE and POINTZ.] FALSTAFF. Now, my masters, happy man be his dole, say I: every man to his business. [Enter TRAVELLERS.] FIRST TRAVELLER. Come, neighbour: The boy shall lead our horses down the hill; We'll walk afoot awhile and ease our legs. FALSTAFF., GADSHILL., ETC. Stand! SECOND TRAVELLER. Jesu bless us! FALSTAFF. Strike; down with them; cut the villains' throats. Ah, whoreson caterpillars! bacon-fed knaves! they hate us youth: down with them; fleece them.

French ah: ah. awhile: pendant quelque temps. bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons. boy: garçon, gosse, serviteur, domestique, gamin. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. cut: couper, coupure, trancher, tailler, hacher, coupé, coupe, découper, balafre, tondre, réduction. disguises: déguise, déguisements.

ease: aise, soulager, aisance, facilité. farewell: adieu. fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême. fleece: toison, tondre, polaire. grandfather: aïeul. happy: heureux, joyeux, content. hard: dur, difficile, pénible. hedge: haie, couverture, haie vive. lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène, menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez.

leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser. legs: jambes. masters: masters. neighbour: voisin, semblable. proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration. stands: tribune. thou: tu, vous, toi. throats: gorges. thy: ton.

William Shakespeare

37

FIRST TRAVELLER. O, we're undone, both we and ours for ever! FALSTAFF. Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? No, ye fat chuffs; I would your store were here! On, bacons on! What, ye knaves! young men must live. You are grand-jurors, are ye? we'll jure ye, i'faith.% [Exeunt FALSTAFF., GADSHILL., ETC., driving the TRAVELLERS out.] [Re-enter PRINCE HENRY and POINTZ, in buckram suits.] PRINCE. The thieves have bound the true men. Now, could thou and I rob the thieves, and go merrily to London, it would be argument for a week, laughter for a month, and a good jest for ever. POINTZ. Stand close: I hear them coming. [They retire.] [Re-enter FALSTAFF, GADSHILL, BARDOLPH, and PETO.] FALSTAFF. Come, my masters, let us share, and then to horse before day. An the Prince and Pointz be not two arrant cowards, there's no equity stirring: there's no more valour in that Pointz than in a wild duck. [As they are sharing, the PRINCE and POINTZ set upon them.] PRINCE. Your money! POINTZ. Villains! [FALSTAFF, after a blow or two, and the others run away, leaving the booty behind them.] PRINCE. Got with much ease. Now merrily to horse:

French argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion. blow: coup, souffler, bataille, souffler sur, souffle. booty: butin. bound: bond, lié, limite, relié. buckram: bougran. driving: conduite, conduisant, poussant, pourchassant, pilotant, actionnant. duck: canard, cane, coutil. equity: équité, capitaux propres.

jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie. laughter: rire. leaving: partant, départ, partir. live: vivre, vivez, vivent, vivons, vis, habiter, demeurer, habite, habitent, habites, habitons. merrily: de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse, joyeusement. month: mois. ours: nôtre. share: action, partager, part, participer, partie, prendre part,

portion, contingent, diviser, débiter, parti aux bénéfices. sharing: partage, participation, partageant. stirring: agitation. store: magasin, boutique, stocker, entrepôt, entreposer, mémoire, emmagasiner, ôter, enlever, réserve, conserver. undone: défait, annulé, défaites, défaite, défaits. valour: courage, valeur, vaillance.

38

King Henry IV, Part I

The thieves are scatter'd, and possess'd with fear So strongly that they dare not meet each other; Each takes his fellow for an officer. Away, good Ned. Fat Falstaff sweats to death, And lards the lean earth as he walks along: Were't not for laughing, I should pity him.% POINTZ. How the rogue roar'd! [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. WARKWORTH. A ROOM IN THE CASTLE. [Enter HOTSPUR, reading a letter.] HOTSPUR. --But, for mine own part, my lord, I could be well contented to be there, in respect of the love I bear your House.--He could be contented; why is he not, then? In respect of the love he bears our House!--he shows in this, he loves his own barn better than he loves our house. Let me see some more. The purpose you undertake is dangerous;--Why, that's certain: 'tis dangerous to take a cold, to sleep, to drink; but I tell you, my lord fool, out of this nettle, danger, we pluck this flower, safety. The purpose you undertake is dangerous; the friends you have named uncertain; the time itself unsorted; and your whole plot too light for the counterpoise of so great an opposition.-Say you so, say you so? I say unto you again, you are a shallow, cowardly hind, and you lie. What a lack-brain is this! By the Lord, our plot is a good plot as ever was laid; our friends true and constant: a good plot, good friends, and full of expectation; an excellent plot, very good friends. What a frosty-spirited rogue is this! Why, my Lord of York commends the plot and the general course of the action. Zwounds! an I were now by this rascal, I

French barn: grange, échoppe, kiosque, stand, baraque, étable, barn. commends: recommande, glorifie. constant: constant, continuel, constante, invariable, perpétuel, permanent. contented: content, satisfait. counterpoise: contrepoids. dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures,

aventurent, aventure. expectation: espérance, expectative, espérance mathématique. flower: fleur, fleurir. fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot, duper, fou. hind: biche, suivant, de derrière. laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis. laughing: riant. named: nommé.

nettle: ortie. respect: respect, respecter. shallow: peu profond, superficiel. strongly: fortement, de manière forte, de façon forte. uncertain: incertain, aléatoire, vague. undertake: entreprendre, entreprennent, entreprenons, entreprends, entreprenez, se démener. unsorted: vrac. walks: marche.

William Shakespeare

39

could brain him with his lady's fan. Is there not my father, my uncle, and myself? Lord Edmund Mortimer, my Lord of York, and Owen Glendower? is there not, besides, the Douglas? have I not all their letters to meet me in arms by the ninth of the next month? and are they not some of them set forward already? What a pagan rascal is this! an infidel! Ha! you shall see now, in very sincerity of fear and cold heart, will he to the King, and lay open all our proceedings. O, I could divide myself, and go to buffets, for moving such a dish of skimm'd milk with so honourable an action! Hang him! let him tell the King: we are prepared. I will set forward to-night.-[Enter LADY PERCY.] How now, Kate! I must leave you within these two hours.% LADY PERCY. O, my good lord, why are you thus alone? For what offence have I this fortnight been A banish'd woman from my Harry's bed? Tell me, sweet lord, what is't that takes from thee Thy stomach, pleasure, and thy golden sleep? Why dost thou bend thine eyes upon the earth, And start so often when thou sitt'st alone? Why hast thou lost the fresh blood in thy cheeks; And given my treasures and my rights of thee To thick-eyed musing and curst melancholy? In thy faint slumbers I by thee have watch'd, And heard thee murmur tales of iron wars; Speak terms of manage to thy bounding steed; Cry Courage! to the field! And thou hast talk'd Of sallies and retires, of trenches, tents, Of palisadoes, frontiers, parapets, Of basilisks, of cannon, culverin, Of prisoners ransomed, and of soldiers slain, And all the 'currents of a heady fight. Thy spirit within thee hath been so at war,

French bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser. besides: en outre, hormis, d'ailleurs, sauf, en prime, et puis, de plus, outre. brain: cerveau, cervelle. cannon: canon. dish: plat, mets, met, cuvette, assiette, bomber. divide: diviser, divisent, divisez, divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons,

partage. fan: ventilateur, éventail, souffler sur. fortnight: quinzaine. frontiers: frontières. golden: doré, en or, d'or. heady: capiteux. infidel: infidèle. iron: fer, fer à repasser, repasser. manage: administrer, diriger, administre, administrez, administrons, administrent, administres, gérer, dirige, dirigent,

dirigeons. murmur: murmure, murmurer, bruit. musing: méditer, rêverie. ninth: neuvième. offence: délit, infraction, offense, agacement. pagan: païen. proceedings: débats, actes, procédure. retires: retire. sincerity: sincérité, bonne foi. stomach: estomac, digérer, ventre. trenches: tranchées.

40

King Henry IV, Part I

And thus hath so bestirr'd thee in thy sleep, That beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow, Like bubbles in a late-disturbed stream; And in thy face strange motions have appear'd, Such as we see when men restrain their breath On some great sudden hest. O, what portents are these? Some heavy business hath my lord in hand, And I must know it, else he loves me not.% HOTSPUR. What, ho! [Enter a SERVANT.] Is Gilliams with the packet gone? SERVANT. He is, my lord, an hour ago. HOTSPUR. Hath Butler brought those horses from the sheriff? SERVANT. One horse, my lord, he brought even now. HOTSPUR. What horse? a roan, a crop-ear, is it not? SERVANT. It is, my lord. HOTSPUR. That roan shall be my throne. Well, I will back him straight: O esperance!-Bid Butler lead him forth into the park. [Exit SERVANT.] LADY PERCY. But hear you, my lord.

French beads: perle. brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas. bubbles: bulle, porosité. forth: en avant. heavy: lourd, fort. horse: cheval, le cheval. horses: chevaux. hour: heure. lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène,

menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez. loves: amours, aime. packet: paquet. park: parc, garer, stationner, parquer, se garer. restrain: retenir, retiens, retenons, retenez, retiennent, réprimer, gouverner, régner, surveiller, restreindre. roan: rouan. sheriff: shérif.

straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne. strange: étrange, singulier, drôle, étranger, bizarre. sudden: subit, soudain. sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer, transpiration, suinter. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton.

William Shakespeare

41

HOTSPUR. What say'st thou, my lady? LADY PERCY. What is it carries you away? HOTSPUR. Why, my horse, My love, my

horse.%

LADY PERCY. Out, you mad-headed ape! A weasel hath not such a deal of spleen As you are toss'd with. In faith, I'll know your business, Harry, that I will. I fear my brother Mortimer doth stir About his title, and hath sent for you To line his enterprise: but if you go,-HOTSPUR. So far a-foot, I shall be weary, love. LADY PERCY. Come, come, you paraquito, answer me Directly to this question that I ask: In faith, I'll break thy little finger, Harry, An if thou wilt not tell me true. HOTSPUR. Away, Away, you trifler! Love? I love thee not, I care not for thee, Kate: this is no world To play with mammets and to tilt with lips: We must have bloody noses and crack'd crowns, And pass them current too.--Gods me, my horse!-What say'st thou, Kate? what wouldst thou have with me?

French bloody: sanglant. break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture. brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère. carries: porte, transporte. current: courant, en cours. enterprise: entreprise. faith: foi. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur.

finger: doigt, tâter. horse: cheval, le cheval. lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble. pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler. play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de. sent: envoyas, envoyâtes, envoyâmes,

envoyèrent, envoya, envoyai, envoyé, adressas, adressâtes, adressé, adressai. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tilt: incliner, inclinaison, basculement, pente, pencher. title: titre, intitulé. weary: las, fatigué. weasel: belette. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

42

King Henry IV, Part I

LADY PERCY. Do you not love me? do you not indeed? Well, do not, then; for, since you love me not, I will not love myself. Do you not love me? Nay, tell me if you speak in jest or no.% HOTSPUR. Come, wilt thou see me ride? And when I am o' horseback, I will swear I love thee infinitely. But hark you, Kate; I must not have you henceforth question me Whither I go, nor reason whereabout: Whither I must, I must; and, to conclude, This evening must I leave you, gentle Kate. I know you wise; but yet no further wise Than Harry Percy's wife; constant you are; But yet a woman: and, for secrecy, No lady closer; for I well believe Thou wilt not utter what thou dost not know; And so far will I trust thee, gentle Kate. LADY PERCY. How! so far? HOTSPUR. Not an inch further. But hark you, Kate: Whither I go, thither shall you go too; To-day will I set forth, to-morrow you. Will this content you, Kate? LADY PERCY. It must of force. [Exeunt.]

French closer: clausoir, clé de voûte, dispositif de fermeture, piqueur. constant: constant, continuel, constante, invariable, perpétuel, permanent. content: contenu, satisfait. evening: soir, soirée. force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance, contrainte, faire accepter. forth: en avant. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré.

henceforth: désormais, dorénavant, à l'avenir. horseback: à cheval. inch: pouce. infinitely: infiniment, de manière infinie, de façon infinie. jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie. lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble. myself: me. nor: ni. reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner.

speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. thee: toi, te, vous. thither: là. thou: tu, vous, toi. trust: confiance, fiducie, confier, trust, foi, fidéicommis, se fier. utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer. wife: femme, épouse. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir. wise: sensé, raisonnable.

William Shakespeare

43

SCENE IV. EASTCHEAP. A ROOM IN THE BOAR'S-HEAD TAVERN.% [Enter PRINCE HENRY.] PRINCE. Ned, pr'ythee, come out of that fat room, and lend me thy hand to laugh a little. [Enter POINTZ.] POINTZ. Where hast been, Hal? PRINCE. With three or four loggerheads amongst three or fourscore hogsheads. I have sounded the very base-string of humility. Sirrah, I am sworn brother to a leash of drawers; and can call them all by their Christian names, as, Tom, Dick, and Francis. They take it already upon their salvation, that though I be but Prince of Wales, yet I am the king of courtesy; and tell me flatly I am no proud Jack, like Falstaff, but a corinthian, a lad of mettle, a good boy,--by the Lord, so they call me;--and, when I am King of England, I shall command all the good lads in Eastcheap. They call drinking deep, dying scarlet; and, when you breathe in your watering, they cry hem! and bid you play it off. To conclude, I am so good a proficient in one quarter of an hour, that I can drink with any tinker in his own language during my life. I tell thee, Ned, thou hast lost much honour, that thou wert not with me in this action. But, sweet Ned,--to sweeten which name of Ned, I give thee this pennyworth of sugar, clapp'd even now into my hand by an under-skinker; one that never spake other English in his life than Eight shillings and sixpence, and You are welcome; with this shrill addition, Anon, anon, sir! Score a pint of bastard in the Half-moon,--or so. But, Ned, to drive away the time till Falstaff come, I pr'ythee, do thou stand in some by-room, while I question my puny drawer

French addition: addition, ajout, adjonction, appendice, rajout, extension. amongst: parmi. bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud. conclude: conclure, concluez, concluent, concluons, conclus, terminer. corinthian: corinthien. courtesy: courtoisie. drawer: tiroir, tireur, dessinateur. drawers: caleçon, culotte, tiroirs.

dying: mourant, décédant. flatly: de manière plate, de façon plate. hem: ourlet, ourler. humility: humilité, modestie. laugh: rire, rigoler. leash: laisse. mettle: ardeur, fougue. pint: pinte. proficient: compétent. puny: chétif. salvation: salut.

scarlet: écarlate. shrill: aigu, perçant, strident, criard. sounded: sonna, sonnâmes, sonnés, sonnèrent, sonnées, sonné. sugar: sucre, sucrer. sweeten: sucrer, sucre, sucrons, sucrez, sucres, sucrent, édulcorer. sworn: juré, jurées. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. tinker: bricoler, bricoles, bricolent, bricolez, bricolons, bricole. watering: arrosage, abreuvement.

44

King Henry IV, Part I

to what end he gave me the sugar; and do thou never leave calling Francis! that his tale to me may be nothing but Anon. Step aside, and I'll show thee a precedent.% [Exit POINTZ.] POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! PRINCE. Thou art perfect. POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! [Enter FRANCIS.] FRANCIS. Anon, anon, sir.--Look down into the Pomegranate, Ralph. PRINCE. Come hither, Francis. FRANCIS. My lord? PRINCE. How long hast thou to serve, Francis? FRANCIS. Forsooth, five years, and as much as to-POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! FRANCIS. Anon, anon, sir.

French art: art. aside: de côté, aparté, excepté. calling: appelant, appel. hither: ici. leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser. lord: seigneur, monsieur. perfect: parfait, achevé, accompli. prince: prince. serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de

service, desservent, desservez, desservons. sir: monsieur. step: pas, marche, étape, gradin, échelon, palier, faire les cent pas, marchepied. sugar: sucre, sucrer. tale: conte, récit, relation. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi.

William Shakespeare

45

PRINCE. Five year! by'r Lady, a long lease for the clinking of pewter. But, Francis, darest thou be so valiant as to play the coward with thy indenture and show it a fair pair of heels and run from it? FRANCIS. O Lord, sir, I'll be sworn upon all the books in England, I could find in my heart-POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! FRANCIS. Anon, anon, sir.% PRINCE. How old art thou, Francis? FRANCIS. Let me see,--about Michaelmas next I shall be-POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! FRANCIS. Anon, sir.--Pray you, stay a little, my lord. PRINCE. Nay, but hark you, Francis: for the sugar thou gavest me, 'twas a pennyworth, was't not? FRANCIS. O Lord, sir, I would it had been two! PRINCE. I will give thee for it a thousand pound: ask me when thou wilt, and thou shalt have it.

French art: art. ask: demander, demande, demandent, demandons, demandez, demandes, poser une question, prier. books: livres. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. heels: talons. indenture: indenture.

lease: bail, affermer, location, prendre à bail, louer, contrat de location, concession, bailler, encroix. lord: seigneur, monsieur. pair: paire, couple, apparier. pewter: étain. play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de. pound: livre, piler, broyer, fourrière, battre, marteler. sir: monsieur.

stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. sugar: sucre, sucrer. sworn: juré, jurées. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thousand: mille, millier. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

46

King Henry IV, Part I

POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! FRANCIS. Anon, anon.% PRINCE. Anon, Francis? No, Francis; but to-morrow, Francis; or, Francis, a Thursday; or, indeed, Francis, when thou wilt. But, Francis,-FRANCIS. My lord? PRINCE. Wilt thou rob this leathern-jerkin, crystal-button, nott-pated, agate-ring, puke-stocking, caddis-garter, smooth-tongue, Spanish-pouch,-FRANCIS. O Lord, sir, who do you mean? PRINCE. Why, then, your brown bastard is your only drink; for, look you, Francis, your white canvas doublet will sully: in Barbary, sir, it cannot come to so much. FRANCIS. What, sir? POINTZ. [Within.] Francis! PRINCE. Away, you rogue! dost thou not hear them call? [Here they both call him; FRANCIS stands amazed, not knowing which way to go.]

French amazed: étonné, étonnèrent, étonnâtes, étonnas, étonnai, étonna, étonnâmes, abasourdi, abasourdie, abasourdirent. bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud. brown: brun, marron, dorer, brune, brunir, faire revenir, faire dorer, rissoler. call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite,

escale. canvas: canevas, toile. doublet: doublet. drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer. hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons. indeed: vraiment, certes, en vérité, réellement, si, d'abord, en réalité, en effet, en fait, effectivement, voire. knowing: connaissant.

lord: seigneur, monsieur. rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles, pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. sir: monsieur. stands: tribune. sully: souiller. thou: tu, vous, toi. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

William Shakespeare

47

[Enter VINTNER.] VINTNER. What, stand'st thou still, and hear'st such a calling? Look to the guests within. [Exit Francis.]--My lord, old Sir John, with half-a-dozen more, are at the door: shall I let them in? PRINCE. Let them alone awhile, and then open the door.% [Exit VINTNER.] Pointz! [Re-enter POINTZ.] POINTZ. Anon, anon, sir. PRINCE. Sirrah, Falstaff and the rest of the thieves are at the door: shall we be merry? POINTZ. As merry as crickets, my lad. But hark ye; what cunning match have you made with this jest of the drawer? Come, what's the issue? PRINCE. I am now of all humours that have showed themselves humours since the old days of goodman Adam to the pupil age of this present twelve o'clock at midnight.--What's o'clock, Francis? FRANCIS. [Within.] Anon, anon, sir. PRINCE. That ever this fellow should have fewer words than a parrot, and yet the son of a woman! His industry is up-stairs and down-stairs; his eloquence the parcel of a reckoning. I am not yet of Percy's mind, the Hotspur of the North; he that kills me some six or seven dozen of Scots at a breakfast, washes his

French awhile: pendant quelque temps. breakfast: petit déjeuner, déjeuner, le petit déjeuner. cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie. dozen: douzaine. eloquence: éloquence. exit: sortie, issue, sortir, descendre, donner, aboutir, instruction de sortie. fewer: moins. guests: invités. industry: industrie, application.

issue: émission, éditer, émettre, livraison, parution, numéro, problème, question, proclamer. jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie. kills: tue. match: allumette, apparier, match, s'entremettre, assortir, égal, partie, rencontre. merry: joyeux, gai. parcel: paquet, colis, lot, parcelle. parrot: perroquet. present: cadeau, présent, présenter,

actuel, offrir, don. pupil: pupille, élève, écolier. rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support. seven: sept. showed: montrâtes, montras, montrai, montrâmes, montrèrent, montra, manifesta, manifestèrent, manifestâtes, manifestas, manifestâmes. twelve: douze. washes: lave.

48

King Henry IV, Part I

hands, and says to his wife, Fie upon this quiet life! I want work. O my sweet Harry, says she, how many hast thou kill'd to-day? Give my roan horse a drench, says he; and answers, Some fourteen, an hour after,--a trifle, a trifle. I pr'ythee, call in Falstaff: I'll play Percy, and that damn'd brawn shall play Dame Mortimer his wife. Rivo! says the drunkard. Call in ribs, call in tallow.% [Enter FALSTAFF, GADSHILL, BARDOLPH, and PETO; followed by FRANCIS with wine.] POINTZ. Welcome, Jack: where hast thou been? FALSTAFF. A plague of all cowards, I say, and a vengeance too! marry, and amen!-- Give me a cup of sack, boy.--Ere I lead this life long, I'll sew nether-stocks, and mend them and foot them too. A plague of all cowards!-- Give me a cup of sack, rogue.--Is there no virtue extant? [Drinks.] PRINCE. Didst thou never see Titan kiss a dish of butter? pitiful-hearted butter, that melted at the sweet tale of the Sun! if thou didst, then behold that compound. FALSTAFF. You rogue, here's lime in this sack too: there is nothing but roguery to be found in villainous man: yet a coward is worse than a cup of sack with lime in it, a villanous coward.--Go thy ways, old Jack: die when thou wilt, if manhood, good manhood, be not forgot upon the face of the Earth, then am I a shotten herring. There live not three good men unhang'd in England; and one of them is fat, and grows old: God help the while! a bad world, I say. I would I were a weaver; I could sing psalms or any thing. A plague of all cowards! I say still. PRINCE. How now, wool-sack? what mutter you?

French answers: répond. bad: mauvais, méchant, mal. brawn: fromage de tête, hure. compound: composé, combiné, composant. drench: tremper. drunkard: ivrogne. followed: suivîtes, suivi, suivîmes, suivit, suivis, suivirent. forgot: oubliâtes, oublias, oubliai, oublièrent, oubliâmes, oublia. grows: grandit, croît.

hands: mains. herring: hareng. kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise. lime: chaux, citron vert, lime, calcaire. melted: fondu, fondue. mend: rapiécer, réparer, raccommoder, repriser. mutter: murmurer, barboter, marmonner. psalms: psaumes. quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos.

ribs: côtes. roan: rouan. roguery: coquinerie, friponnerie. sew: coudre, cousent, cousez, cousons, couds. sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons. trifle: bagatelle, babiole. vengeance: revanche, vengeance. ways: glissière, façons. weaver: tisserand, tisseur. worse: pire, plus mauvais.

William Shakespeare

49

FALSTAFF. A king's son! If I do not beat thee out of thy kingdom with a dagger of lath, and drive all thy subjects afore thee like a flock of wild-geese, I'll never wear hair on my face more. You Prince of Wales! PRINCE. Why, you whoreson round man, what's the matter? FALSTAFF. Are not you a coward? answer me to that:--and Pointz there? POINTZ. Zwounds, ye fat paunch, an ye call me coward, by the Lord, I'll stab thee.% FALSTAFF. I call thee coward! I'll see thee damn'd ere I call thee coward: but I would give a thousand pound, I could run as fast as thou canst. You are straight enough in the shoulders; you care not who sees your back: call you that backing of your friends? A plague upon such backing! give me them that will face me.-Give me a cup of sack: I am a rogue, if I drunk to-day. PRINCE. O villain! thy lips are scarce wiped since thou drunk'st last. FALSTAFF. All is one for that. A plague of all cowards! still say I. [Drinks.] PRINCE. What's the matter? FALSTAFF. What's the matter? there be four of us here have ta'en a thousand pound this day morning. PRINCE. Where is it, Jack? where is it?

French backing: aval, support, dos. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. dagger: poignard, dague. drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses. drunk: ivre, bu, soûl. ere: avant, avant que. flock: troupeau, bourre, tontisse, flocon, floc.

friends: amis. hair: cheveux, cheveu, poil, chevelure. kingdom: royaume. lath: latte, latter. lips: les lèvres, lèvres. matter: matière, substance, affaire, cas, chose, question. paunch: panse, ventre. plague: peste, fléau. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier,

suspendre. scarce: insuffisant, rare. shoulders: épaules. stab: poignarder, piquer, coup de couteau. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. villain: scélérat. wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent.

50

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Where is it! taken from us it is: a hundred upon poor four of us! PRINCE. What, a hundred, man? FALSTAFF. I am a rogue, if I were not at half-sword with a dozen of them two hours together. I have 'scaped by miracle. I am eight times thrust through the doublet, four through the hose; my buckler cut through and through; my sword hack'd like a hand-saw,--ecce signum! I never dealt better since I was a man: all would not do. A plague of all cowards! Let them speak: if they speak more or less than truth, they are villains and the sons of darkness.% PRINCE. Speak, sirs; how was it? GADSHILL. We four set upon some dozen,-FALSTAFF. Sixteen at least, my lord. GADSHILL. And bound them. PETO. No, no; they were not bound. FALSTAFF. You rogue, they were bound, every man of them; or I am a Jew else, an Ebrew Jew. GADSHILL. As we were sharing, some six or seven fresh men sea upon us,-FALSTAFF. And unbound the rest, and then come in the other.

French bound: bond, lié, limite, relié. cut: couper, coupure, trancher, tailler, hacher, coupé, coupe, découper, balafre, tondre, réduction. dealt: opéré. doublet: doublet. dozen: douzaine. eight: huit. fresh: frais. hose: tuyau, bas, durite, tuyau flexible, flexible. hours: heures.

hundred: cent, centaine. least: moindre, le moins. lord: seigneur, monsieur. miracle: miracle. plague: peste, fléau. poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre. rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc.

sea: mer, marin. seven: sept. sharing: partage, participation, partageant. sons: fils. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thrust: poussée, pousser. truth: vérité. unbound: non lié.

William Shakespeare

51

PRINCE. What, fought you with them all? FALSTAFF. All? I know not what you call all; but if I fought not with fifty of them, I am a bunch of radish: if there were not two or three and fifty upon poor old Jack, then am I no two-legged creature.% PRINCE. Pray God you have not murdered some of them. FALSTAFF. Nay, that's past praying for: I have pepper'd two of them; two I am sure I have paid, two rogues in buckram suits. I tell thee what, Hal, if I tell thee a lie, spit in my face, call me horse. Thou knowest my old ward: here I lay, and thus I bore my point. Four rogues in buckram let drive at me,-PRINCE. What, four? thou saidst but two even now. FALSTAFF. Four, Hal; I told thee four. POINTZ. Ay, ay, he said four. FALSTAFF. These four came all a-front, and mainly thrust at me. I made me no more ado but took all their seven points in my target, thus. PRINCE. Seven? why, there were but four even now. FALSTAFF. In buckram? POINTZ. Ay, four, in buckram suits.

French bore: ennuyer, percer, forer, alésage, lasser, rencontrer, toucher, vrille, calibre, fatiguer. buckram: bougran. bunch: bouquet, botte, paquet, tas. drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses. fifty: cinquante. fought: combattu, combattit, combattis.

horse: cheval, le cheval. lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. mainly: principalement, surtout, de manière principale, de façon principale, en grande partie. murdered: assassiné. paid: payâtes, payas, payèrent, paya, payai, payâmes, payé.

points: points, aiguillage, aiguille. praying: priant. radish: radis, raifort, radis noir. spit: cracher, vomir, jeter, broche, crachat. sure: sûr, certain, assuré. target: cible, objectif, but, cibler, dessein, cible de mémoire. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thrust: poussée, pousser. ward: quartier, salle, pupille, service.

52

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Seven, by these hilts, or I am a villain else.% PRINCE. [Aside to POINTZ.] Pr'ythee let him alone; we shall have more anon. FALSTAFF. Dost thou hear me, Hal? PRINCE. Ay, and mark thee too, Jack. FALSTAFF. Do so, for it is worth the listening to. These nine in buckram that I told thee of,-PRINCE. So, two more already. FALSTAFF. Their points being broken,-POINTZ. Down fell their hose. FALSTAFF. Began to give me ground: but I followed me close, came in foot and hand; and with a thought seven of the eleven I paid. PRINCE. O monstrous! eleven buckram men grown out of two! FALSTAFF. But, as the Devil would have it, three misbegotten knaves in Kendal Green came at my back and let drive at me; for it was so dark, Hal, that thou couldst not see thy hand. PRINCE. These lies are like the father that begets them, gross as a mountain, open,

French alone: seul, seulement. begets: engendre. buckram: bougran. dark: foncé, sombre, obscur, obscurité, noir. drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses. eleven: onze. fell: tombas, tombâtes, tomba, tombai, tombèrent, tombâmes, abattre, chus,

chûtes, abattîtes, abattit. followed: suivîtes, suivi, suivîmes, suivit, suivis, suivirent. foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied. gross: brut. grown: crû, grandi. hose: tuyau, bas, durite, tuyau flexible, flexible. lies: git, ment. listening: écoutant, écoute. mark: marque, marquer, estampiller, cachet, signe, mark, note, signal,

témoignage, repère, tracer. misbegotten: illégitime. monstrous: monstrueux. mountain: montagne, mont. nine: neuf. paid: payâtes, payas, payèrent, paya, payai, payâmes, payé. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. villain: scélérat. worth: valeur, mérite.

William Shakespeare

53

palpable. Why, thou nott-pated fool, thou whoreson, obscene greasy tallowkeech,-FALSTAFF. What, art thou mad? art thou mad? is not the truth the truth? PRINCE. Why, how couldst thou know these men in Kendal green, when it was so dark thou couldst not see thy hand? come, tell us your reason: what sayest thou to this? POINTZ. Come, your reason, Jack, your reason.% FALSTAFF. What, upon compulsion? No; were I at the strappado, or all the racks in the world, I would not tell you on compulsion. Give you a reason on compulsion! if reasons were as plentiful as blackberries, I would give no man a reason upon compulsion, I. PRINCE. I'll be no longer guilty of this sin; this sanguine coward, this bed-presser, this horse-back-breaker, this huge hill of flesh,-FALSTAFF. Away, you starveling, you eel-skin, you dried neat's-tongue, you stock-fish,-O, for breath to utter what is like thee!--you tailor's-yard, you sheath, you bow-case, you vile standing tuck,— PRINCE. Well, breathe awhile, and then to it again: and, when thou hast tired thyself in base comparisons, hear me speak but this:-POINTZ. Mark, Jack. PRINCE. We two saw you four set on four; you bound them, and were masters of their wealth.--Mark now, how a plain tale shall put you down.-- Then did we two

French awhile: pendant quelque temps. blackberries: les mûres. breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle. breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez. compulsion: contrainte, compulsion. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. dried: sec, séché. fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot, duper, fou.

greasy: gras, graisseux. green: vert. huge: énorme, immense, gigantesque, formidable, colossal, vaste. mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé. masters: masters. obscene: obscène. palpable: palpable. plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident. plentiful: abondant. racks: tables pour tridents.

sanguine: sanguin. sheath: gaine, enveloppe. sin: péché, pécher, commettre une faute. starveling: affamé. tale: conte, récit, relation. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tired: fatigué, las. utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme.

54

King Henry IV, Part I

set%on you four; and, with a word, outfaced you from your prize, and have it; yea, and can show it you here in the house: and, Falstaff, you carried yourself away as nimbly, with as quick dexterity, and roared for mercy, and still ran and roar'd, as ever I heard bull-calf. What a slave art thou, to hack thy sword as thou hast done, and then say it was in fight! What trick, what device, what starting-hole canst thou now find out to hide thee from this open and apparent shame? POINTZ. Come, let's hear, Jack; what trick hast thou now? FALSTAFF. By the Lord, I knew ye as well as he that made ye. Why, hear ye, my masters: Was it for me to kill the heir-apparent? should I turn upon the true Prince? why, thou knowest I am as valiant as Hercules: but beware instinct; the lion will not touch the true Prince. Instinct is a great matter; I was now a coward on instinct. I shall think the better of myself and thee during my life; I for a valiant lion, and thou for a true prince. But, by the Lord, lads, I am glad you have the money.-- [To Hostess within.] Hostess, clap-to the doors: watch tonight, pray to-morrow.--Gallants, lads, boys, hearts of gold, all the titles of good fellowship come to you! What, shall we be merry? shall we have a play extempore? PRINCE. Content; and the argument shall be thy running away. FALSTAFF. Ah, no more of that, Hal, an thou lovest me! [Enter the HOSTESS.] HOSTESS. O Jesu, my lord the Prince,-PRINCE. How now, my lady the hostess! What say'st thou to me?

French beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier. boys: garçons. device: dispositif, appareil, périphérique, organe, engin. dexterity: dextérité, adresse. doors: portes. extempore: impromptu. hack: hacher, hachent, haches, hachez, hachons, hache, tailler, rainette. hearts: coeurs. hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons,

caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage. instinct: instinct. kill: tuer, abattre, supprimer, rectifier. nimbly: agilement, de manière agile, de façon agile. quick: rapide, prompt, vite. ran: courut, courûtes, courus, coururent, courûmes, courues, courue, coulâtes, coulèrent, coulâmes, coula. roared: rugi.

running: courant, course, marche, coulant, fonctionnement. slave: esclave, asservir. titles: titres. touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez. watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer. yea: oui.

William Shakespeare

55

HOSTESS. Marry, my lord, there is a nobleman of the Court at door would speak with you: he says he comes from your father.% PRINCE. Give him as much as will make him a royal man, and send him back again to my mother. FALSTAFF. What manner of man is he? HOSTESS. An old man. FALSTAFF. What doth gravity out of his bed at midnight? Shall I give him his answer? PRINCE. Pr'ythee, do, Jack. FALSTAFF. Faith, and I'll send him packing. [Exit.] PRINCE. Now, sirs:--by'r Lady, you fought fair;--so did you, Peto;--so did you, Bardolph: you are lions, too, you ran away upon instinct, you will not touch the true Prince; no,--fie! BARDOLPH. Faith, I ran when I saw others run. PRINCE. Tell me now in earnest, how came Falstaff's sword so hack'd? PETO. Why, he hack'd it with his dagger; and said he would swear truth out of England, but he would make you believe it was done in fight; and persuaded us to do the like.

French answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. bed: lit, planche, couche, banc. comes: vient. dagger: poignard, dague. earnest: sérieux. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. fought: combattu, combattit, combattis. gravity: pesanteur, gravité, gravitation.

instinct: instinct. manner: manière, façon. midnight: minuit. nobleman: noble, seigneur. persuaded: persuadas, persuadâtes, persuadai, persuadâmes, persuada, persuadèrent, persuadé. ran: courut, courûtes, courus, coururent, courûmes, courues, courue, coulâtes, coulèrent, coulâmes, coula. royal: royal.

send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez. truth: vérité.

56

King Henry IV, Part I

BARDOLPH. Yea, and to tickle our noses with spear-grass to make them bleed; and then to beslubber our garments with it, and swear it was the blood of true men. I did that I did not this seven year before; I blush'd to hear his monstrous devices.% PRINCE. O villain, thou stolest a cup of sack eighteen years ago, and wert taken with the manner, and ever since thou hast blush'd extempore. Thou hadst fire and sword on thy side, and yet thou rann'st away: what instinct hadst thou for it? BARDOLPH. My lord, do you see these meteors? do you behold these exhalations? PRINCE. I do. BARDOLPH. What think you they portend? PRINCE. Hot livers and cold purses. BARDOLPH. Choler, my lord, if rightly taken. PRINCE. No, if rightly taken, halter.--Here comes lean Jack, here comes bare-bone.-[Enter FALSTAFF.] How now, my sweet creature of bombast! How long is't ago, Jack, since thou saw'st thine own knee? FALSTAFF. My own knee! when I was about thy years, Hal, I was not an eagle's talon in the waist; I could have crept into any alderman's thumb-ring: a plague of sighing and grief! it blows a man up like a bladder. There's villanous news abroad: here was Sir John Bracy from your father; you must to the Court in the morning. That same mad fellow of the North, Percy; and he of Wales, that

French behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir. bladder: vessie, vésicule, bulle. bleed: saigner, saigne, saignes, saignez, saignons, saignent, purger, purgent, purgeons, purges, purgez. blows: coups, souffle. bombast: grandiloquence. creature: créature. crept: rampa, rampèrent, rampâtes, rampas, rampai, rampâmes, rampé. extempore: impromptu. garments: vêtements, habits.

grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur. instinct: instinct. lean: maigre, appuyer, accoter, mince, s'adosser, s'accoter, adosser. monstrous: monstrueux. plague: peste, fléau. portend: annoncer, annonce, annonçons, annoncez, annoncent, annonces. purses: bourses. rightly: correctement, de manière

droite, de façon droite. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. talon: talon. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tickle: chatouiller, chatouillement. villain: scélérat. waist: taille, corset.

William Shakespeare

57

gave Amaimon the bastinado, and swore the Devil his true liegeman upon the cross of a Welsh hook,--what a plague call you him? POINTZ. O, Glendower.% FALSTAFF. Owen, Owen,--the same; and his son-in-law Mortimer; and old Northumberland; and that sprightly Scot of Scots, Douglas, that runs o' horseback up a hill perpendicular,-PRINCE. He that rides at high speed and with his pistol kills a sparrow flying. FALSTAFF. You have hit it. PRINCE. So did he never the sparrow. FALSTAFF. Well, that rascal hath good metal in him; he will not run. PRINCE. Why, what a rascal art thou, then, to praise him so for running! FALSTAFF. O' horseback, ye cuckoo! but a-foot he will not budge a foot. PRINCE. Yes, Jack, upon instinct. FALSTAFF. I grant ye, upon instinct. Well, he is there too, and one Mordake, and a thousand blue-caps more: Worcester is stolen away to-night; thy father's beard is turn'd white with the news: you may buy land now as cheap as stinking mackerel. But, tell me, Hal, art not thou horrible afeard? thou being heir-apparent, could the world pick thee out three such enemies again as that

French beard: barbe. budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons. buy: acheter, achat, acquérir. cheap: bon marché, abordable. cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez. cuckoo: coucou. flying: volant. grant: subvention, allocation, allouer, concession, concéder.

hit: frapper, coup, battre, heurter, atteindre, succès, toucher, parvenir, saisir, touche. horrible: affreux, épouvantable, horrible, atroce, terrible, désagréable, abominable, odieux, sinistre, abject, hideux. land: terre, atterrir, aborder, pays, contrée, terrain, s'abattre. mackerel: maquereau. metal: métal. pick: cueillir, cueille, cueillent,

cueilles, cueillez, cueillons, piquer, piquent, piques, piquez, piquons. pistol: pistolet. rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon. rides: tours. runs: court, coule, pistes, runs. sparrow: moineau, passereau. sprightly: vif. stinking: puant. stolen: volé, volés, volée. swore: jurâtes, juras, jurâmes, jurèrent, jura, jurai.

58

King Henry IV, Part I

fiend Douglas, that spirit Percy, and that devil Glendower? art thou not horribly afraid? doth not thy blood thrill at it? PRINCE. Not a whit, i'faith; I lack some of thy instinct.% FALSTAFF. Well, thou wilt be horribly chid to-morrow when thou comest to thy father. If thou love life, practise an answer. PRINCE. Do thou stand for my father and examine me upon the particulars of my life. FALSTAFF. Shall I? content: this chair shall be my state, this dagger my sceptre, and this cushion my crown. PRINCE. Thy state is taken for a joint-stool, thy golden sceptre for a leaden dagger, and thy precious rich crown for a pitiful bald crown. FALSTAFF. Well, an the fire of grace be not quite out of thee, now shalt thou be moved.-Give me a cup of sack, to make my eyes look red, that it may be thought I have wept; for I must speak in passion, and I will do it in King Cambyses' vein. PRINCE. Well, here is my leg. FALSTAFF. And here is my speech.--Stand aside, nobility. HOSTESS. O Jesu, this is excellent sport, i faith! FALSTAFF. Weep not, sweet Queen; for trickling tears are vain.

French afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé. chair: chaise, siège, chaire. cushion: coussin, coussinet. dagger: poignard, dague. examine: examiner, examines, examine, examinent, examinons, examinez, explorer, fouiller, fouille, fouillent, fouilles. excellent: excellent. fiend: démon. horribly: de manière affreuse, de façon affreuse.

hostess: hôtesse, aubergiste, maîtresse de maison. lack: manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation, manquer. leaden: de plomb, plombé. particulars: détails, précisions. passion: passion, ardeur. pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable. practise: exercer, instruire, pratiquer. precious: précieux, rare. red: rouge.

rich: riche. sceptre: sceptre. tears: larmes. thrill: frémissement. vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole. vein: veine, filon, veiner, nervure. wept: pleuras, pleurâtes, pleurai, pleuré, pleurâmes, pleurèrent, pleura. whit: brin. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

William Shakespeare

59

HOSTESS. O, the Father, how he holds his countenance! FALSTAFF. For God's sake, lords, convey my tristful Queen; For tears do stop the floodgates of her eyes.% HOSTESS. O Jesu, he doth it as like one of these harlotry players as ever I see! FALSTAFF. Peace, good pint-pot; peace, good tickle-brain.--Harry, I do not only marvel where thou spendest thy time, but also how thou art accompanied: for though the camomile, the more it is trodden on, the faster it grows, yet youth, the more it is wasted, the sooner it wears. That thou art my son, I have partly thy mother's word, partly my own opinion; but chiefly a villainous trick of thine eye, and a foolish hanging of thy nether lip, that doth warrant me. If, then, thou be son to me, here lies the point: Why, being son to me, art thou so pointed at? Shall the blessed Sun of heaven prove a micher, and eat blackberries? a question not to be ask'd. Shall the son of England prove a thief, and take purses? a question to be ask'd. There is a thing, Harry, which thou hast often heard of, and it is known to many in our land by the name of pitch: this pitch, as ancient writers do report, doth defile; so doth the company thou keepest: for, Harry, now I do not speak to thee in drink, but in tears; not in pleasure, but in passion; not in words only, but in woes also. And yet there is a virtuous man whom I have often noted in thy company, but I know not his name. PRINCE. What manner of man, an it like your Majesty? FALSTAFF. A goodly portly man, i'faith, and a corpulent; of a cheerful look, a pleasing eye, and a most noble carriage; and, as I think, his age some fifty, or, by'r Lady, inclining to threescore; and now I remember me, his name is Falstaff: if

French accompanied: accompagné, accompagnâtes, accompagnas, accompagnai, accompagna, accompagnèrent, accompagnâmes. ancient: antique, ancien. camomile: camomille. carriage: wagon, chariot, voiture, affût. cheerful: gai, joyeux. chiefly: principalement, surtout, particulièrement, de façon chef, de manière chef.

convey: transmettre. corpulent: épais, gros, corpulent. defile: col, violer, défilé, viole, violons, violez, violes, violent. eat: manger, mangez, mangent, mangeons, mange, manges, déjeuner. heaven: ciel, paradis. inclining: inclinant. lip: lèvre, bord. marvel: merveille, s'étonner. opinion: avis, opinion, vœu. partly: en partie, partiellement.

pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai. players: joueurs. pleasing: plaisant. pointed: pointu, aigu. trodden: très fréquentée. virtuous: vertueux. wasted: gaspilla, gaspillèrent, gaspillâtes, gaspillas, gaspillâmes, gaspillai, gaspillé, prodiguèrent, gâché, gâchâtes, gâchas.

60

King Henry IV, Part I

that man should be lewdly given, he deceiveth me; for, Harry, I see virtue in his looks. If, then, the tree may be known by the fruit, as the fruit by the tree, then, peremptorily I speak it, there is virtue in that Falstaff: him keep with, the rest banish. And tell me now, thou naughty varlet, tell me where hast thou been this month? PRINCE. Dost thou speak like a king? Do thou stand for me, and I'll play my father.% FALSTAFF. Depose me! if thou dost it half so gravely, so majestically, both in word and matter, hang me up by the heels for a rabbit-sucker or a poulter's hare. PRINCE. Well, here I am set. FALSTAFF. And here I stand.--Judge, my masters. PRINCE. Now, Harry, whence come you? FALSTAFF. My noble lord, from Eastcheap. PRINCE. The complaints I hear of thee are grievous. FALSTAFF. 'Sblood, my lord, they are false.--Nay, I'll tickle ye for a young prince, i'faith. PRINCE. Swearest thou, ungracious boy? henceforth ne'er look on me. Thou art violently carried away from grace: there is a devil haunts thee, in the likeness of an old fat man,--a tun of man is thy companion. Why dost thou converse with that trunk of humours, that bolting-hutch of beastliness, that swollen parcel of dropsies, that huge bombard of sack, that roasted Manningtree ox with the pudding in his belly, that reverend Vice, that grey Iniquity, that father ruffian, that vanity in years? Wherein is he good, but to

French banish: bannir. beastliness: bestialité. belly: ventre, panse, abdomen. bombard: bombarder, bombardent. companion: compagnon, camarade, compagne, accompagnateur. complaints: plaintes. converse: intervenir, converser. fruit: fruit, fruits. gravely: gravement, de manière tombe, de façon tombe. grey: gris.

grievous: douloureux, cruel. lewdly: de manière lubrique, de façon lubrique. likeness: ressemblance. majestically: de manière Majestueuse, de façon majestueuse, majestueusement. naughty: vilain, méchant. ox: bœuf. peremptorily: de manière péremptoire, de façon péremptoire. pudding: pouding, pudding, flan.

reverend: révérend. roasted: grillé, rôti. ruffian: apache. swollen: gonflé, enflé. tree: arbre, arborescence. trunk: tronc, coffre, malle, trompe, torse, circuit, jonction, tambour. tun: cuve, tonne, foudre. ungracious: incivil. violently: violemment, de manière violente, de façon violente.

William Shakespeare

61

taste sack and drink it? wherein neat and cleanly, but to carve a capon and eat it? wherein cunning, but in craft? wherein crafty, but in villany? wherein villainous, but in all things? wherein worthy, but in nothing? FALSTAFF. I would your Grace would take me with you: whom means your Grace? PRINCE. That villainous abominable misleader of youth, Falstaff, that old whitebearded Satan.% FALSTAFF. My lord, the man I know. PRINCE. I know thou dost. FALSTAFF. But to say I know more harm in him than in myself, were to say more than I know. That he is old,--(the more the pity,--his white hairs do witness it. If sack and sugar be a fault, God help the wicked! if to be old and merry be a sin, then many an old host that I know is damn'd: if to be fat be to be hated, then Pharaoh's lean kine are to be loved. No, my good lord: banish Peto, banish Bardolph, banish Pointz; but, for sweet Jack Falstaff, kind Jack Falstaff, true Jack Falstaff, valiant Jack Falstaff, and therefore more valiant, being, as he is, old Jack Falstaff, banish not him thy Harry's company, banish not him thy Harry's company: banish plump Jack, and banish all the world. PRINCE. I do, I will. [A knocking heard.] [Exeunt HOSTESS, FRANCIS, and BARDOLPH.] [Enter BARDOLPH, running.] BARDOLPH. O, my lord, my lord! the sheriff with a most monstrous watch is at the door.

French abominable: abominable, hideux, abject, odieux, horrible. banish: bannir. capon: chapon. carve: ciseler, tailler, taillons, cisèlent, taillez, cisèle, ciselez, tailles, cisèles, ciselons, taillent. cleanly: de manière propre, de façon propre, proprement. craft: embarcation, métier, artisanat, engin. crafty: astucieux.

cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie. hairs: cheveux. hated: détesté. host: hôte, amphitryon, aubergiste, hostie, foule. knocking: coups, frappant. loved: aimé. merry: joyeux, gai. monstrous: monstrueux. plump: dodu. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier,

suspendre. sheriff: shérif. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. villainous: vil, infâme. wherein: où. witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner. worthy: digne.

62

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Out, ye rogue!--Play out the play: I have much to say in the behalf of that Falstaff.% [Re-enter the HOSTESS, hastily.] HOSTESS. O Jesu, my lord, my lord,-PRINCE. Heigh, heigh! the Devil rides upon a fiddlestick: what's the matter? HOSTESS. The sheriff and all the watch are at the door: they are come to search the house. Shall I let them in? FALSTAFF. Dost thou hear, Hal? never call a true piece of gold a counterfeit: thou art essentially mad without seeming so. PRINCE. And thou a natural coward, without instinct. FALSTAFF. I deny your major: if you will deny the sheriff, so; if not, let him enter: if I become not a cart as well as another man, a plague on my bringing up! I hope I shall as soon be strangled with a halter as another. PRINCE. Go, hide thee behind the arras:--the rest walk, up above. Now, my masters, for a true face and good conscience. FALSTAFF. Both which I have had; but their date is out, and therefore I'll hide me. PRINCE. Call in the sheriff.-[Exeunt all but the PRINCE and POINTZ.]

French behalf: part. bringing: apportant, amenant. cart: charrette, chariot, char. conscience: conscience. counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire, faux, contrefait. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. date: date, datte, dater, rencontre. deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier. essentially: essentiellement, de

manière essentielle, de façon essentielle. halter: licol. hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez. instinct: instinct. masters: masters. natural: naturel. piece: pièce, morceau, fragment, pan, part, contingent, partie. plague: peste, fléau.

rides: tours. search: recherche, perquisition, chercher, fouille, rechercher, fouiller. seeming: semblant, paraissant. sheriff: shérif. soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure. strangled: étranglé, étranglèrent, étrangla, étranglai, étranglâmes, étranglas, étranglâtes. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. ye: vous, toi, tu.

William Shakespeare

63

[Enter SHERIFF and CARRIER.] Now, master sheriff, what's your will with me? SHERIFF. First, pardon me, my lord. A hue-and-cry Hath followed certain men unto this house.% PRINCE. What men? SHERIFF. One of them is well known, my gracious lord,-A gross fat man. CARRIER. As fat as butter. PRINCE. The man, I do assure you, is not here; For I myself at this time have employ'd him. And, sheriff, I will engage my word to thee, That I will, by to-morrow dinner-time, Send him to answer thee, or any man, For any thing he shall be charged withal: And so, let me entreat you leave the house. SHERIFF I will, my lord. There are two gentlemen Have in this robbery lost three hundred marks. PRINCE. It may be so: if he have robb'd these men, He shall be answerable; and so, farewell. SHERIFF. Good night, my noble lord. PRINCE. I think it is good morrow, is it not?

French answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. answerable: susceptible de réponse, garant, responsible, responsable. assure: assurer, assure, assures, assurons, assurez, assurent, certifier, garantir, garantis, garantissent, garantissez. butter: beurre, beurrer. charged: chargé. engage: engager, engagez, engagent, engageons, engages, engage,

engrener. entreat: implorer, supplier, supplie, supplions, suppliez, supplies, implorons, implorez, implores, implorent, implore. farewell: adieu. fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. followed: suivîtes, suivi, suivîmes, suivit, suivis, suivirent. gracious: gracieux. gross: brut. lord: seigneur, monsieur.

marks: marque. master: maître, patron, apprendre à fond, capitaine, maestro, principal, maîtriser. morrow: lendemain. myself: me. noble: noble, élevé. pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce. robbery: vol, brigandage. sheriff: shérif. thee: toi, te, vous.

64

King Henry IV, Part I

SHERIFF. Indeed, my lord, I think't be two o'clock.% [Exit SHERIFF and CARRIER.] PRINCE. This oily rascal is known as well as Paul's. Go, call him forth. POINTZ. Falstaff!--fast asleep behind the arras, and snorting like a horse. PRINCE. Hark, how hard he fetches breath. Search his pockets. [POINTZ searches.] What hast thou found? POINTZ. Nothing but papers, my lord. PRINCE. Let's see what they be: read them. POINTZ. [Reads.] Item, A capon, Item, Sauce, Item, Sack two gallons, Item, Anchovies and sack after supper, Item, Bread,

2s. 2d. 4d. 5s. 8d. 2s. 6d. ob.

PRINCE. O monstrous! but one half-pennyworth of bread to this intolerable deal of sack! What there is else, keep close; we'll read it at more advantage: there let him sleep till day. I'll to the Court in the morning. We must all to the wars, and thy place shall be honourable. I'll procure this fat rogue a charge of foot; and I know his death will be a march of twelve-score. The money shall be paid back again with advantage. Be with me betimes in the morning; and so, good morrow, Pointz.

French advantage: avantage, intérêt. arras: arras. asleep: endormi. bread: pain. breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle. fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. fetches: amène, apporte. foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied. forth: en avant. honourable: honorable. horse: cheval, le cheval.

intolerable: intolérable. monstrous: monstrueux. morrow: lendemain. oily: huileux, graisseux. papers: papiers. procure: procurer, procure, procures, procurons, procurez, procurent, se procurer. rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon. rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier,

suspendre. search: recherche, perquisition, chercher, fouille, rechercher, fouiller. sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer. snorting: ébrouement. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. wars: guerres.

William Shakespeare

POINTZ. Good morrow, good my lord.% [Exeunt.]

French morrow: lendemain.

65

66

King Henry IV, Part I

ACT III

SCENE I. BANGOR. A ROOM IN THE ARCHDEACON'S HOUSE.% [Enter HOTSPUR, WORCESTER, MORTIMER, and GLENDOWER.] MORTIMER. These promises are fair, the parties sure, And our induction full of prosperous hope. HOTSPUR. Lord Mortimer,--and cousin Glendower,-Will you sit down?-And uncle Worcester,--a plague upon it! I have forgot the map. GLENDOWER. No, here it is. Sit, cousin Percy; sit, good cousin Hotspur; For by that name as oft as Lancaster Doth speak of you, his cheek looks pale, and with A rising sigh he wisheth you in Heaven.

French bangor: ardoise de Bangor. cheek: joue, la joue, chape. cousin: cousin, cousine. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. forgot: oubliâtes, oublias, oubliai, oublièrent, oubliâmes, oublia. hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez. induction: induction.

looks: regarde. map: carte, plan, mappe, application, carte géographique. pale: pâle, blême. plague: peste, fléau. promises: promet. prosperous: prospère. rising: élévation, levée, lever. sigh: soupir. sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds.

speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. uncle: oncle.

William Shakespeare

67

HOTSPUR. And you in Hell, as oft as he hears Owen Glendower spoke of.% GLENDOWER. I cannot blame him: at my nativity The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes, Of burning cressets; ay, and at my birth The frame and huge foundation of the Earth Shaked like a coward. HOTSPUR. Why, so it would have done at the same season, if your mother's cat had but kitten'd, though yourself had never been born. GLENDOWER. I say the Earth did shake when I was born. HOTSPUR. And I say the Earth was not of my mind, If you suppose as fearing you it shook. GLENDOWER. The Heavens were all on fire, the Earth did tremble. HOTSPUR. O, then th' Earth shook to see the Heavens on fire, And not in fear of your nativity. Diseased Nature oftentimes breaks forth In strange eruptions; oft the teeming Earth Is with a kind of colic pinch'd and vex'd By the imprisoning of unruly wind Within her womb; which, for enlargement striving, Shakes the old beldam Earth, and topples down Steeples and moss-grown towers. At your birth, Our grandam Earth, having this distemperature, In passion shook.

French born: né. breaks: brise, casse, rompt. burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure. cat: chat, rosse, mégère, peau de vache. colic: colique. enlargement: agrandissement, accroissement. fearing: craignant. fiery: ardent, fougueux. foundation: fondation, base,

fondement, fond, assise. frame: cadre, trame, châssis, image, encadrer, carcasse, charpente, membrure, couple, bâti, cadrer. grandam: deuxième mère. imprisoning: emprisonnant. oftentimes: souvent. season: saison, assaisonner. shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle. spoke: parlas, parlèrent, parlâmes,

parlai, parla, parlâtes, rayon. teeming: coulée à partir d'une poche, coulée par le fond de la poche en lingotière, coulée en lingotière, abondant, grouillant. topples: renverse, bascule, tombe. towers: tours. tremble: trembler, tremblent, tremblement. unruly: indocile, indiscipliné. womb: utérus.

68

King Henry IV, Part I

GLENDOWER. Cousin, of many men I do not bear these crossings. Give me leave To tell you once again, that at my birth The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes; The goats ran from the mountains, and the herds Were strangely clamorous to the frighted fields. These signs have mark'd me extraordinary; And all the courses of my life do show I am not in the roll of common men. Where is he living,--clipp'd in with the sea That chides the banks of England, Scotland, Wales,-Which calls me pupil, or hath read to me? And bring him out that is but woman's son Can trace me in the tedious ways of art, And hold me pace in deep experiments.% HOTSPUR. I think there is no man speaks better Welsh.-I'll to dinner. MORTIMER. Peace, cousin Percy; you will make him mad. GLENDOWER. I can call spirits from the vasty deep. HOTSPUR. Why, so can I, or so can any man; But will they come when you do call for them? GLENDOWER. Why, I can teach you, cousin, to command the Devil. HOTSPUR. And I can teach thee, coz, to shame the Devil

French banks: talus, banques. bring: apporter, apportons, apportes, apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez. calls: appelle. chides: réprimande. clamorous: bruyant. command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande.

common: commun, ordinaire, vulgaire. courses: cours, téléuniversité. crossings: croisements. deep: profond. dinner: dîner, déjeuner, souper. goats: caprins, chèvres. pace: allure, pas, faire les cent pas, rythme. roll: rouleau, petit pain, rouler, roulis, enrouler, cylindre, tableau, roulement.

signs: signes, signe. speaks: parle. spirits: spiritueux. strangely: étrangement, de façon étrange, de manière étrange. teach: enseigner, enseignes, enseignent, enseignons, enseignez, enseigne, instruire, apprendre, instruisent, instruisez, instruis. trace: trace, tracer, décalquer, calquer, empreinte, impression, trait, piste, retracer.

William Shakespeare

69

By telling truth: tell truth, and shame the Devil. If thou have power to raise him, bring him hither, And I'll be sworn I've power to shame him hence. O, while you live, tell truth, and shame the Devil! MORTIMER. Come, come, no more of this unprofitable chat.% GLENDOWER. Three times hath Henry Bolingbroke made head Against my power; thrice from the banks of Wye And sandy-bottom'd Severn have I sent Him bootless home and weather-beaten back. HOTSPUR. Home without boots, and in foul weather too! How 'scaped he agues, in the Devil's name! GLENDOWER. Come, here's the map: shall we divide our right According to our threefold order ta'en? MORTIMER. Th' archdeacon hath divided it Into three limits very equally. England, from Trent and Severn hitherto, By south and east is to my part assign'd: All westward, Wales beyond the Severn shore, And all the fertile land within that bound, To Owen Glendower:--and, dear coz, to you The remnant northward, lying off from Trent. And our indentures tripartite are drawn; Which being sealed interchangeably,-A business that this night may execute,-To-morrow, cousin Percy, you, and I, And my good Lord of Worcester, will set forth

French archdeacon: archidiacre. beyond: plus loin, après, outre, ensuite. cousin: cousin, cousine. divide: diviser, divisent, divisez, divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons, partage. divided: divisé, divisai, divisa, divisèrent, divisâmes, divisâtes, divisas, partageâtes, partagèrent, partagea, partagé.

east: est, orient. fertile: fécond, fertile, fruitier. forth: en avant. foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir. limits: limites. lying: menteur, mensonge, gisant. northward: au nord. raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer. remnant: reste. sealed: scellé, étanche, hermétique,

fermé. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. sworn: juré, jurées. telling: disant, racontant, enjoignant, commandant. thou: tu, vous, toi. threefold: triple. thrice: trois fois. tripartite: triparti. unprofitable: non rentable. weather: temps. westward: vers l'ouest.

70

King Henry IV, Part I

To meet your father and the Scottish power, As is appointed us, at Shrewsbury. My father Glendower is not ready yet, Nor shall we need his help these fourteen days:-[To GLENDOWER] Within that space you may have drawn together Your tenants, friends, and neighbouring gentlemen.% GLENDOWER. A shorter time shall send me to you, lords: And in my conduct shall your ladies come; From whom you now must steal, and take no leave, For there will be a world of water shed Upon the parting of your wives and you. HOTSPUR. Methinks my moiety, north from Burton here, In quantity equals not one of yours. See how this river comes me cranking in, And cuts me from the best of all my land A huge half-moon, a monstrous cantle out. I'll have the current in this place damn'd up; And here the smug and sliver Trent shall run In a new channel, fair and evenly: It shall not wind with such a deep indent, To rob me of so rich a bottom here. GLENDOWER. Not wind? it shall, it must; you see it doth. MORTIMER. Yea, but Mark how he bears his course, and runs me up With like advantage on the other side;

French appointed: nomma, nommèrent, nommâtes, nommas, nommâmes, nommai, nommé. cantle: troussequin. channel: canal, tube, chenal, voie, tuyau, voie de transmission, canal radioélectrique, conduit, la Manche, canaliser, chaîne. conduct: conduire, conduite, guider, diriger, mener, aboutir, procédé, régler. course: cours, plat, route, parcours,

direction, trivial, leçon, piste, met, course, assise. cranking: ventilation du réacteur, brassage. cuts: coupures, coupes, chutes, coupe. drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé. equals: égale. ladies: dames. meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir.

moiety: groupe caractéristique. monstrous: monstrueux. neighbouring: adjacent, avoisinant. parting: séparation, raie. quantity: quantité, grandeur. ready: prêt, disponible. river: fleuve, rivière, lézarde. shorter: plus court. sliver: éclat, mèche. smug: suffisant. space: espace, espacer. whom: qui.

William Shakespeare

71

Gelding th' opposed continent as much As on the other side it takes from you.% WORCESTER. Yea, but a little charge will trench him here, And on this north side win this cape of land; And then he runneth straight and evenly. HOTSPUR. I'll have it so: a little charge will do it. GLENDOWER. I will not have it alter'd. HOTSPUR. Will not you? GLENDOWER. No, nor you shall not. HOTSPUR. Who shall say me nay? GLENDOWER. Why, that will I. HOTSPUR. Let me not understand you, then; Speak it in Welsh. GLENDOWER. I can speak English, lord, as well as you; For I was train'd up in the English Court; Where, being but young, I framed to the harp Many an English ditty lovely well, And gave the tongue a helpful ornament, A virtue that was never seen in you.

French cape: cap, cape. charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement. continent: continent. ditty: chansonnette. evenly: également, de manière même, de façon même. framed: encadré. helpful: utile, serviable. lord: seigneur, monsieur.

lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe. nay: non. nor: ni. opposed: opposé, opposas, opposâtes, opposa, opposâmes, opposai, opposèrent, rouspétâtes, rouspété, rouspétas, rouspétâmes. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. straight: droit, direct, directement,

tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne. takes: prend. tongue: langue, languette. trench: tranchée, fosse, fossé. understand: comprendre, comprenez, comprends, comprenons, comprennent, entendre. virtue: vertu. win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez.

72

King Henry IV, Part I

HOTSPUR. Marry, and I am glad of it with all my heart: I had rather be a kitten, and cry mew, Than one of these same metre ballet-mongers; I had rather hear a brazen canstick turn'd, Or a dry wheel grate on the axletree; And that would set my teeth nothing on edge, Nothing so much as mincing poetry: 'Tis like the forced gait of a shuffling nag.% GLENDOWER. Come, you shall have Trent turn'd. HOTSPUR. I do not care: I'll give thrice so much land To any well-deserving friend; But in the way of bargain, mark ye me, I'll cavil on the ninth part of a hair. Are the indentures drawn? shall we be gone? GLENDOWER. The Moon shines fair; you may away by night: I'll in and haste the writer, and withal Break with your wives of your departure hence: I am afraid my daughter will run mad, So much she doteth on her Mortimer. [Exit.] MORTIMER. Fie, cousin Percy! how you cross my father! HOTSPUR. I cannot choose: sometimes he angers me With telling me of the moldwarp and the ant, Of the dreamer Merlin and his prophecies, And of a dragon and a finless fish,

French afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé. angers: angers. bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché. brazen: effronté. cavil: chicaner. cousin: cousin, cousine. cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. departure: départ, disparition.

dragon: dragon. dreamer: rêveur. forced: forcé. gait: démarche, allure, marche. glad: joyeux, content, heureux. grate: grille, râper, grincer, crisser. haste: hâte. kitten: chaton. metre: mètre. mincing: affecté. ninth: neuvième. shines: reluit.

shuffling: réarrangement, entrelacement. teeth: dents, denture. telling: disant, racontant, enjoignant, commandant. thrice: trois fois. wheel: roue, volant, galet. writer: auteur, écrivain, rédacteur. ye: vous, toi, tu.

William Shakespeare

73

A clip-wing'd griffin and a moulten raven, A couching lion and a ramping cat, And such a deal of skimble-skamble stuff As puts me from my faith. I tell you what, He held me last night at the least nine hours In reckoning up the several devils' names That were his lacqueys: I cried hum, and well, But mark'd him not a word. O, he's as tedious As a tired horse, a railing wife; Worse than a smoky house: I had rather live With cheese and garlic in a windmill, far, Than feed on cates and have him talk to me In any summer-house in Christendom.% MORTIMER. In faith, he is a worthy gentleman; Exceedingly well-read, and profited In strange concealments; valiant as a lion, And wondrous affable, and as bountiful As mines of India. Shall I tell you, cousin? He holds your temper in a high respect, And curbs himself even of his natural scope When you do cross his humour; faith, he does: I warrant you, that man is not alive Might so have tempted him as you have done, Without the taste of danger and reproof: But do not use it oft, let me entreat you. WORCESTER. In faith, my lord, you are too wilful-blunt; And since your coming hither have done enough To put him quite beside his patience. You must needs learn, lord, to amend this fault:

French affable: affable, aimable, gentil, amène. amend: amender, amende, amendes, amendent, amendez, amendons, modifier, réformer. beside: près de, chez, tous près de, parmi, à côté de, à, au bord de, sur. cheese: fromage, enroulement cylindrique à flancs droits. couching: trempe complémentaire, broderie sur fils couchés. curbs: bride.

devils: diables. feed: alimenter, alimente, alimentes, alimentent, alimentons, alimentez, nourrir, nourrissons, nourris, nourrissent, nourrissez. garlic: ail. griffin: griffon. hum: bourdonner, ronflement, ronronner, bourdonnement, chantonner. mines: mines. needs: besoins, nécessite.

puts: met. railing: rampe, balustrade. ramping: proliférant, chargement. smoky: fumeux, enfumé. taste: goût, goûter, saveur, déguster. temper: humeur, tremper, durcir, tempérament, trempe, tempérer, gâcher. tempted: tentas, tentâtes, tentâmes, tenta, tentai, tenté, tentèrent. windmill: moulin à vent, éolienne. wondrous: merveilleux.

74

King Henry IV, Part I

Though sometimes it show greatness, courage, blood-And that's the dearest grace it renders you,-Yet oftentimes it doth present harsh rage, Defect of manners, want of government, Pride, haughtiness, opinion, and disdain; The least of which haunting a nobleman Loseth men's hearts, and leaves behind a stain Upon the beauty of all parts besides, Beguiling them of commendation.% HOTSPUR. Well, I am school'd: good manners be your speed! Here come our wives, and let us take our leave. [Re-enter GLENDOWER, with LADY MORTIMER and Lady PERCY.] MORTIMER. This is the deadly spite that angers me, My wife can speak no English, I no Welsh. GLENDOWER. My daughter weeps: she will not part with you; She'll be a soldier too, she'll to the wars. MORTIMER. Good father, tell her that she and my aunt Percy Shall follow in your conduct speedily. [GLENDOWER speaks to LADY MORTIMER in Welsh, and she answers him in the same.] GLENDOWER. She's desperate here; a peevish self-will'd harlotry, One that no persuasion can do good upon. [LADY MORTIMER speaks to MORTIMER in Welsh.] MORTIMER. I understand thy looks: that pretty Welsh

French angers: angers. answers: répond. aunt: tante. beauty: beauté. courage: courage, abattage. daughter: fille, la fille. deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte. desperate: désespéré. follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon. grace: grâce, charme.

greatness: grandeur. harsh: vulgaire, rude, dur, acerbe, grossier, maussade, rustique, âpre, astringent. haughtiness: arrogance, hauteur. haunting: hanter. hearts: coeurs. leaves: part, feuilles. manners: moeurs. oftentimes: souvent. parts: parties. peevish: maussade, grincheux.

persuasion: persuasion, croyance. pretty: joli, mignon, aimable, bath, assez. renders: crépit, plâtre, rend. soldier: soldat, militaire. speaks: parle. speedily: de manière rapide, de façon rapide, rapidement. spite: rancune, dépit. thy: ton. wars: guerres. weeps: pleure.

William Shakespeare

75

Which thou pour'st down from these swelling heavens I am too perfect in; and, but for shame, In such a parley should I answer thee. [LADY MORTIMER speaks to him again in Welsh.] I understand thy kisses, and thou mine, And that's a feeling disputation: But I will never be a truant, love, Till I have learn'd thy language; for thy tongue Makes Welsh as sweet as ditties highly penn'd, Sung by a fair queen in a Summer's bower, With ravishing division, to her lute.% GLENDOWER. Nay, if you melt, then will she run mad. [LADY MORTIMER speaks to MORTIMER again in Welsh.] MORTIMER. O, I am ignorance itself in this! GLENDOWER. She bids you on the wanton rushes lay you down, And rest your gentle head upon her lap, And she will sing the song that pleaseth you, And on your eyelids crown the god of sleep, Charming your blood with pleasing heaviness; Making such difference betwixt wake and sleep, As is the difference betwixt day and night, The hour before the heavenly-harness'd team Begins his golden progress in the East. MORTIMER. With all my heart I'll sit and hear her sing: By that time will our book, I think, be drawn. GLENDOWER. Do so:

French betwixt: entre. difference: différence, divergence, différend. division: division, partage, section. eyelids: paupières. feeling: sentiment, palpant, sentant, tâtant, ressentant. heart: coeur, le coeur. highly: de façon haute, de manière haute, fortement, hautement, extrêmement. ignorance: ignorance.

kisses: baise, baisers, bisous. melt: fondre, dégeler, faire fondre, fonte. parley: pourparlers. pleasing: plaisant. progress: progrès, progresser, avancer, déroulement. queen: reine, dame. ravishing: enchanteur, ravissant. rushes: épreuves de tournage. sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons.

song: chanson, chant. speaks: parle. swelling: gonflement, enflure, tuméfaction, foisonnement, grosseur, renflement. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. truant: vagabond. wake: sillage, réveiller, se réveiller, se lever, s'éveiller. wanton: dévergondé.

76

King Henry IV, Part I

An those musicians that shall play to you Hang in the air a thousand leagues from hence, And straight they shall be here: sit, and attend.% HOTSPUR. Come, Kate, thou art perfect in lying down: come, quick, quick, that I may lay my head in thy lap. LADY PERCY. Go, ye giddy goose. [The music plays.] HOTSPUR. Now I perceive the Devil understands Welsh; And 'tis no marvel he's so humorous. By'r Lady, he's a good musician. LADY PERCY. Then should you be nothing but musical; for you are altogether governed by humours. Lie still, ye thief, and hear the lady sing in Welsh. HOTSPUR. I had rather hear Lady, my brach, howl in Irish. LADY PERCY. Wouldst thou have thy head broken? HOTSPUR. No. LADY PERCY. Then be still. HOTSPUR. Neither; 'tis a woman's fault. LADY PERCY. Now God help thee!

French air: air, aérer, mélodie, air de musique, aria, ventiler. altogether: tout, tout à fait, entièrement. broken: cassé, brisé, rompu. fault: défaut, panne, faute, faille, erreur. giddy: étourdi. goose: oie. governed: gouvernâtes, gouvernas, gouverné, gouvernèrent, gouvernai, gouvernâmes, gouverna, régnâmes,

régna, régnèrent, régné. howl: hurler, mugir, gronder, hurlement. lap: clapoter, recouvrement, chevauchement, nappe, barboter, tour, giron. leagues: ligues. lying: menteur, mensonge, gisant. marvel: merveille, s'étonner. music: musique. musical: musical. musician: musicien.

perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons. thee: toi, te, vous. thief: voleur. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. understands: comprend. ye: vous, toi, tu.

William Shakespeare

77

HOTSPUR. Peace! she sings. [A Welsh song by LADY MORTIMER.] Come, Kate, I'll have your song too.% LADY PERCY. Not mine, in good sooth. HOTSPUR. Not yours, in good sooth! 'Heart! you swear like a comfit-maker's wife. Not mine, in good sooth; and, As true as I live; and, As God shall mend me; and, As sure as day; And givest such sarcenet surety for thy oaths, As if thou ne'er walk'dst further than Finsbury. Swear me, Kate, like a lady as thou art, A good mouth-filling oath; and leave in sooth, And such protest of peppergingerbread, To velvet-guards and Sunday-citizens. Come, sing. LADY PERCY. I will not sing. HOTSPUR. 'Tis the next way to turn tailor, or be redbreast-teacher. An the indentures be drawn, I'll away within these two hours; and so, come in when ye will. [Exit.] GLENDOWER. Come, come, Lord Mortimer; you are as slow As hot Lord Percy is on fire to go. By this our book's drawn; we'll but seal, and then To horse immediately. MORTIMER. With all my heart. [Exeunt.]

French art: art. drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé. fire: feu, incendie, tirer, licencier, renvoyer, le feu, partir, suspendre. heart: coeur, le coeur. horse: cheval, le cheval. hot: chaud. immediately: immédiatement, tout de suite, directement, aussitôt, sitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, de manière immédiate, de façon immédiate.

lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble. mend: rapiécer, réparer, raccommoder, repriser. mine: mine, mienne. oath: serment, juron. protest: protestation, protester, contestation. sarcenet: armoise. seal: phoque, sceller, sceau, scellé, cachet, cacheter, plomber, joint, obturer.

sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons. song: chanson, chant. surety: caution, cautionnement, garant. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. tailor: tailleur, couturière. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. ye: vous, toi, tu. yours: vôtre.

78

King Henry IV, Part I

SCENE II. LONDON. A ROOM IN THE PALACE.% [Enter KING HENRY, PRINCE HENRY, and LORDS.] KING. Lords, give us leave; the Prince of Wales and I Must have some private conference: but be near at hand, For we shall presently have need of you. [Exeunt LORDS.] I know not whether God will have it so, For some displeasing service I have done, That, in His secret doom, out of my blood He'll breed revengement and a scourge for me; But thou dost, in thy passages of life, Make me believe that thou art only mark'd For the hot vengeance and the rod of Heaven To punish my mistreadings. Tell me else, Could such inordinate and low desires, Such poor, such base, such lewd, such mean attempts, Such barren pleasures, rude society, As thou art match'd withal and grafted to, Accompany the greatness of thy blood, And hold their level with thy princely heart? PRINCE. So please your Majesty, I would I could Quit all offences with as clear excuse As well as I am doubtless I can purge Myself of many I am charged withal: Yet such extenuation let me beg, As, in reproof of many tales devised By smiling pick-thanks and base news-mongers,-Which oft the ear of greatness needs must hear,--

French barren: stérile, aride, infertile. breed: race, élever, éduquer. conference: conférence. displeasing: déplaisant, mécontentant. doom: ruine. doubtless: sans aucun doute. extenuation: circonstances atténuantes, excuse atténuante. grafted: greffé, greffées, greffai, greffâmes, greffée. greatness: grandeur. inordinate: excessif.

lewd: lascif, lubrique. low: bas, dépression, abject, basse, lâche. near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à. passages: canalisation. please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire. presently: actuellement. princely: princier. private: privé.

punish: punir, punissons, punissez, punissent, punis. reproof: reproche. rod: baguette, barre, tige, perche, tringle, badine, gaule, barreau, bâton, bielle, bâtonnet. rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé. scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet. smiling: souriant. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. vengeance: revanche, vengeance.

William Shakespeare

79

I may, for some things true, wherein my youth Hath faulty wander'd and irregular, Find pardon on my true submission.% KING. God pardon thee! Yet let me wonder, Harry, At thy affections, which do hold a wing Quite from the flight of all thy ancestors. Thy place in Council thou hast rudely lost, Which by thy younger brother is supplied; And art almost an alien to the hearts Of all the Court and princes of my blood: The hope and expectation of thy time Is ruin'd; and the soul of every man Prophetically does forethink thy fall. Had I so lavish of my presence been, So common-hackney'd in the eyes of men, So stale and cheap to vulgar company, Opinion, that did help me to the crown, Had still kept loyal to possession, And left me in reputeless banishment, A fellow of no mark nor likelihood. By being seldom seen, I could not stir But, like a comet, I was wonder'd at; That men would tell their children, This is he; Others would say, Where, which is Bolingbroke? And then I stole all courtesy from Heaven, And dress'd myself in such humility, That I did pluck allegiance from men's hearts, Loud shouts and salutations from their mouths, Even in the presence of the crowned King. Thus did I keep my person fresh and new; My presence, like a robe pontifical,

French alien: étranger, hideux, contradictoire, abominable, abject, opposé, odieux, horrible. allegiance: allégeance. comet: comète. courtesy: courtoisie. crowned: couronné. expectation: espérance, expectative, espérance mathématique. faulty: défectueux, en panne. flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor. kept: gardâtes, gardas, gardé,

gardèrent, garda, gardâmes, gardai, élevai, élevèrent, élevé, élevâtes. lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux. loyal: loyal, dévoué, droit, honnête, fidèle. pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. robe: robe, peignoir. rudely: de manière grossière, de façon grossière.

seldom: rarement. shouts: crie. stale: rassis, éventé, purin. stole: étole, vola. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. vulgar: vulgaire, trivial. wherein: où. wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander. younger: plus jeune.

80

King Henry IV, Part I

Ne'er %seen but wonder'd at: and so my state, Seldom but sumptuous, showed like a feast, And won by rareness such solemnity. The skipping King, he ambled up and down With shallow jesters and rash bavin wits, Soon kindled and soon burnt; carded his state, Mingled his royalty, with capering fools; Had his great name profaned with their scorns; And gave his countenance, against his name, To laugh at gibing boys, and stand the push Of every beardless vain comparative; Grew a companion to the common streets, Enfeoff'd himself to popularity; That, being dally swallow'd by men's eyes, They surfeited with honey, and began To loathe the taste of sweetness, whereof a little More than a little is by much too much. So, when he had occasion to be seen, He was but as the cuckoo is in June, Heard, not regarded; seen, but with such eyes As, sick and blunted with community, Afford no extraordinary gaze, Such as is bent on sun-like majesty When it shines seldom in admiring eyes; But rather drowsed, and hung their eyelids down, Slept in his face, and render'd such aspect As cloudy men use to their adversaries, Being with his presence glutted, gorged, and full. And in that very line, Harry, stand'st thou; For thou hast lost thy princely privilege With vile participation: not an eye But is a-weary of thy common sight,

French admiring: admirant, admiratif. beardless: imberbe. bent: courbé, courbe, courbai, disposition, cambrai, penché. burnt: brûlé. carded: fixé sur carte. cloudy: nuageux. dally: lambiner, lanterner, lambine, lanternez, lanternes, lanternent, lanterne, lambinons, lambinez, lambinent, lanternons. drowsed: somnolé, somnolèrent,

somnolâtes, somnolas, somnolâmes, somnolai, somnola. extraordinary: extraordinaire, prodigieux, formidable, singulier. honey: miel. hung: pendu. kindled: allumâtes, allumèrent, allumas, allumâmes, allumai, alluma, allumé. loathe: abhorrer, abominer, haïr, abhorre, abominez, haïssons, haïssez, haïssent, hais, abominons, abhorrez.

participation: participation. rareness: rareté. rash: éruption, éruption cutanée, irréfléchi, inconsidéré, rougeur. royalty: royauté, règne. sick: malade, malsain. skipping: manque, saut à la corde. sumptuous: somptueux. sweetness: douceur.

William Shakespeare

81

Save mine, which hath desired to see thee more; Which now doth that I would not have it do, Make blind itself with foolish tenderness.% PRINCE. I shall hereafter, my thrice-gracious lord, Be more myself. KING. For all the world, As thou art to this hour, was Richard then When I from France set foot at Ravenspurg; And even as I was then is Percy now. Now, by my sceptre, and my soul to boot, He hath more worthy interest to the state Than thou, the shadow of succession; For, of no right, nor colour like to right, He doth fill fields with harness in the realm, Turns head against the lion's armed jaws; And, being no more in debt to years than thou, Leads ancient lords and reverend bishops on To bloody battles and to bruising arms. What never-dying honour hath he got Against renowned Douglas! whose high deeds, Whose hot incursions, and great name in arms, Holds from all soldiers chief majority And military title capital Through all the kingdoms that acknowledge Christ: Thrice hath this Hotspur, Mars in swathing-clothes, This infant warrior, in his enterprises Discomfited great Douglas; ta'en him once, Enlarged him, and made a friend of him, To fill the mouth of deep defiance up,

French acknowledge: reconnaître, reconnaissez, reconnais, reconnaissent, reconnaissons, croire, avouer, confesser, confirmer. armed: armé. bishops: évêques. blind: aveugle, éblouir, aveugler, store, éblouissons, aveuglez, aveuglent, éblouissez, aveugles, éblouissent, éblouis. bruising: meurtrissure, écrasement. chief: chef, principal, dominant.

colour: couleur, teinte, colorier, colorant. defiance: défi. desired: désiré. foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé. harness: harnais, atteler, aménager, harnachement, capter, harnacher. hereafter: désormais, dorénavant, après l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, après. kingdoms: royaumes.

military: militaire. mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée. renowned: renommé. reverend: révérend. sceptre: sceptre. shadow: ombre, prendre en filature. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. warrior: guerrier, militaire.

82

King Henry IV, Part I

And shake the peace and safety of our throne. And what say you to this? Percy, Northumberland, Th' Archbishop's Grace of York, Douglas, and Mortimer Capitulate against us, and are up. But wherefore do I tell these news to thee? Why, Harry, do I tell thee of my foes, Which art my near'st and dearest enemy? Thou that art like enough,--through vassal fear, Base inclination, and the start of spleen,-To fight against me under Percy's pay, To dog his heels, and curtsy at his frowns, To show how much thou art degenerate.% PRINCE. Do not think so; you shall not find it so: And God forgive them that so much have sway'd Your Majesty's good thoughts away from me! I will redeem all this on Percy's head, And, in the closing of some glorious day, Be bold to tell you that I am your son; When I will wear a garment all of blood, And stain my favour in a bloody mask, Which, wash'd away, shall scour my shame with it: And that shall be the day, whene'er it lights, That this same child of honour and renown, This gallant Hotspur, this all-praised knight, And your unthought-of Harry, chance to meet. For every honour sitting on his helm, Would they were multitudes, and on my head My shames redoubled! for the time will come, That I shall make this northern youth exchange His glorious deeds for my indignities. Percy is but my factor, good my lord,

French closing: fermant, fermeture, clôture, enclenchement. curtsy: révérence. factor: facteur, coefficient, élément, commissionnaire, agent, affactureur. favour: faveur, grâce, service, complaisance, favoriser. forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons. gallant: vaillant, brave, galant,

courageux. garment: vêtement, habit. glorious: glorieux, fameux. heels: talons. inclination: inclinaison, inclination. redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète, rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser. redoubled: redoublas, redoublâtes, redoublèrent, redoubla, redoublâmes, redoublé, redoublai. safety: sécurité, sûreté.

scour: décaper, frotter, frottez, frotte, frottons, frottes, frottent, décapez, décapes, décapent, décape. sitting: couvant, s'asseyant, séance, service, sédentaire. stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. vassal: vassal. wherefore: pourquoi.

William Shakespeare

83

T' engross up glorious deeds on my behalf; And I will call hall to so strict account, That he shall render every glory up, Yea, even the slightest worship of his time, Or I will tear the reckoning from his heart. This, in the name of God, I promise here: The which if I perform, and do survive, I do beseech your Majesty, may salve The long-grown wounds of my intemperance: If not, the end of life cancels all bands; And I will die a hundred thousand deaths Ere break the smallest parcel of this vow.% KING. A hundred thousand rebels die in this. Thou shalt have charge and sovereign trust herein.-[Enter SIR WALTER BLUNT.] How now, good Blunt! thy looks are full of speed. BLUNT. So is the business that I come to speak of. Lord Mortimer of Scotland hath sent word That Douglas and the English rebels met Th' eleventh of this month at Shrewsbury: A mighty and a fearful head they are, If promises be kept on every hand, As ever offer'd foul play in a State. KING. The Earl of Westmoreland set forth to-day; With him my son, Lord John of Lancaster; For this advertisement is five days old. On Wednesday next you, Harry, shall set forward; On Thursday we ourselves will march:

French advertisement: annonce, réclame, publicité, annonce publicitaire. beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite. eleventh: onzième. engross: grossoyer, absorber, grossoyez, grossoyons, grossoies, grossoient, grossoie. fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux. forth: en avant.

foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir. glorious: glorieux, fameux. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. hall: hall, salle, couloir, vestibule. mighty: puissant. parcel: paquet, colis, lot, parcelle. perform: accomplir, réaliser, effectuer, accomplissent, accomplissez, accomplissons, réalise, réalisent, réalises, réalisez, réalisons. promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons,

assurer. promises: promet. rebels: rebelles. reckoning: calculant. render: rendre. smallest: le plus petit. sovereign: souverain. strict: sévère, austère, strict, rigoureux. tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure. thy: ton. worship: adorer, adoration, vénération, vénérer.

84

King Henry IV, Part I

Our meeting is Bridgenorth: and, Harry, you Shall march through Glostershire; by which account, Our business valued, some twelve days hence Our general forces at Bridgenorth shall meet. Our hands are full of business: let's away; Advantage feeds him fat, while men delay.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. EASTCHEAP. A ROOM IN THE BOAR'S-HEAD TAVERN. [Enter FALSTAFF and BARDOLPH.] FALSTAFF. Bardolph, am I not fallen away vilely since this last action? do I not bate? do I not dwindle? Why, my skin hangs about me like an old lady's loose gown; I am withered like an old apple-John. Well, I'll repent, and that suddenly, while I am in some liking; I shall be out of heart shortly, and then I shall have no strength to repent. An I have not forgotten what the inside of a church is made of, I am a peppercorn, a brewer's horse: the inside of a church! Company, villainous company, hath been the spoil of me. BARDOLPH. Sir John, you are so fretful, you cannot live long. FALSTAFF. Why, there is it: come, sing me a song; make me merry. I was as virtuously given as a gentleman need to be; virtuous enough; swore little; diced not above seven times a week; paid money that I borrowed --three or four times; lived well, and in good compass: and now I live out of all order, out of all compass.

French bate: confiter, confit, diminuer, diminuent, diminuons, rabattez, rabattent, rabats, rabattons, diminues, diminue. borrowed: emprunté. compass: boussole, compas. dwindle: diminuer. fallen: tombé, déchu, abattu, chu. feeds: alimente, nourrit. forces: force. fretful: agité. gentleman: monsieur, gentilhomme.

gown: robe, toge. liking: affection, penchant. lived: vécut, vécurent, vécûmes, vécus, vécu, habita, habitai, habitâmes, habitas, habitâtes, habitèrent. loose: détaché, lâche. peppercorn: grain de poivre. repent: se repentir, regretter, regrette, regrettons, regrettez, regrettent, regrettes, repentir, repens, repentons, repentent.

skin: peau, dépouiller, pelage, fourrure, poil d'animal, revêtement, éplucher, écorcher. spoil: abîmer, gâter, gâcher, détériorer, déblais. strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique. valued: estimé. vilely: de manière vile, de façon vile. virtuously: de manière vertueuse, vertueusement, de façon vertueuse. withered: flétri, fané.

William Shakespeare

85

BARDOLPH. Why, you are so fat, Sir John, that you must needs be out of all compass, --out of all reasonable compass, Sir John.% FALSTAFF. Do thou amend thy face, and I'll amend my life: thou art our admiral, thou bearest the lantern in the poop,--but 'tis in the nose of thee; thou art the Knight of the Burning Lamp. BARDOLPH. Why, Sir John, my face does you no harm. FALSTAFF. No, I'll be sworn; I make as good use of it as many a man doth of a death'shead or a memento mori: I never see thy face but I think upon hell-fire, and Dives that lived in purple; for there he is in his robes, burning, burning. If thou wert any way given to virtue, I would swear by thy face; my oath should be, By this fire, that's God's angel: but thou art altogether given over; and wert indeed, but for the light in thy face, the son of utter darkness. When thou rann'st up Gad's-hill in the night to catch my horse, if I did not think thou hadst been an ignis fatuus or a ball of wildfire, there's no purchase in money. O, thou art a perpetual triumph, an everlasting bonfire-light! Thou hast saved me a thousand marks in links and torches, walking with thee in the night betwixt tavern and tavern: but the sack that thou hast drunk me would have bought me lights as good cheap at the dearest chandler's in Europe. I have maintain'd that salamander of yours with fire any time this two-and-thirty years; God reward me for it! BARDOLPH. 'Sblood, I would my face were in your stomach! FALSTAFF. God-a-mercy! so should I be sure to be heart-burn'd.-[Enter the HOSTESS.] How now, Dame Partlet the hen! have you enquir'd yet who pick'd my pocket?

French admiral: amiral. amend: amender, amende, amendes, amendent, amendez, amendons, modifier, réformer. angel: ange. betwixt: entre. catch: attraper, attrape, attrapes, attrapons, attrapent, attrapez, prise, prenez, prends, prenons, prennent. compass: boussole, compas. darkness: obscurité, ténèbres. everlasting: éternel, perpétuel,

permanent, interminable, infini, immortelle, inusable. hen: poule, poulet, poularde. lantern: lanterne, fanal. lights: lumières, feux. links: liens. memento: souvenir. oath: serment, juron. perpetual: perpétuel. pocket: poche, empocher, case. purple: pourpre, violet. reasonable: raisonnable, modéré,

prudent, abordable. reward: récompenser, récompense. salamander: brasero. sworn: juré, jurées. tavern: taverne. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. triumph: triomphe, triompher. utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer. wildfire: feu de friches, feu sauvage.

86

King Henry IV, Part I

HOSTESS. Why, Sir John, what do you think, Sir John? do you think I keep thieves in my house? I have search'd, I have inquired, so has my husband, man by man, boy by boy, servant by servant: the tithe of a hair was never lost in my house before.% FALSTAFF. Ye lie, hostess: Bardolph was shaved, and lost many a hair; and I'll be sworn my pocket was pick'd. Go to, you are a woman, go. HOSTESS. Who, I? no; I defy thee: God's light, I was never call'd so in mine own house before. FALSTAFF. Go to, I know you well enough. HOSTESS. No, Sir John; you do not know me, Sir John. I know you, Sir John: you owe me money, Sir John; and now you pick a quarrel to beguile me of it: I bought you a dozen of shirts to your back. FALSTAFF. Dowlas, filthy dowlas: I have given them away to bakers' wives, and they have made bolters of them. HOSTESS. Now, as I am a true woman, holland of eight shillings an ell. You owe money here besides, Sir John, for your diet and by-drinkings, and money lent you, four-and-twenty pound. FALSTAFF. He had his part of it; let him pay. HOSTESS. He? alas, he is poor; he hath nothing. FALSTAFF. How! poor? look upon his face; what call you rich? let them coin his nose, let

French alas: hélas, malheureusement. bakers: boulangers. beguile: séduire. besides: en outre, hormis, d'ailleurs, sauf, en prime, et puis, de plus, outre. coin: pièce de monnaie. defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque. diet: diète, régime, alimentation, régime alimentaire.

ell: aune. filthy: sale, dégoûtant, crasseux. hostess: hôtesse, aubergiste, maîtresse de maison. husband: mari, époux. inquired: nous enquîmes, m'enquis, vous enquîtes, t'enquis, s'enquit, s'enquis, s'enquirent. lent: prêtâtes, prêtas, prêtâmes, prêtèrent, prêtai, prêté, prêta, emprunté, empruntâtes, empruntas, empruntâmes.

owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante. shaved: rasé. shirts: chemises. sworn: juré, jurées. thee: toi, te, vous. thieves: voleurs. tithe: décime, dîme.

William Shakespeare

87

them coin his cheeks: I'll not pay a denier. What, will you make a younker of me? shall I not take mine ease in mine inn, but I shall have my pocket pick'd? I have lost a seal-ring of my grandfather's worth forty mark.% HOSTESS. O Jesu, I have heard the Prince tell him, I know not how oft, that that ring was copper! FALSTAFF. How! the Prince is a Jack, a sneak-cup: 'sblood, an he were here, I would cudgel him like a dog, if he would say so.-[Enter PRINCE HENRY and POINTZ, marching. FALSTAFF meets them, playing on his truncheon like a fife.] How now, lad? is the wind in that door, i'faith? must we all march? BARDOLPH. Yea, two-and-two, Newgate-fashion. HOSTESS. My lord, I pray you, hear me. PRINCE. What say'st thou, Mistress Quickly? How doth thy husband? I love him well; he is an honest man. HOSTESS. Good my lord, hear me. FALSTAFF. Pr'ythee, let her alone, and list to me. PRINCE. What say'st thou, Jack? FALSTAFF. The other night I fell asleep here behind the arras, and had my pocket pick'd: this house is turn'd bawdy-house; they pick pockets.

French alone: seul, seulement. arras: arras. asleep: endormi. cheeks: joues. coin: pièce de monnaie. copper: cuivre. cudgel: trique, gourdin. denier: denier. ease: aise, soulager, aisance, facilité. forty: quarante. heard: entendîmes, entendîtes, entendu, entendit, entendirent,

entendis, ouï, ouïs. honest: honnête, intègre, sincère, loyal. inn: auberge. lad: garçon, gosse. marching: marcher. meets: rencontre. mine: mine, mienne. pick: cueillir, cueille, cueillent, cueilles, cueillez, cueillons, piquer, piquent, piques, piquez, piquons. playing: jouant.

pocket: poche, empocher, case. pockets: empoche, cases, poches. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient. ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle, cycle, frette, son. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. truncheon: matraque. wind: vent, enrouler, emmailloter, bobiner.

88

King Henry IV, Part I

PRINCE. What didst thou lose, Jack? FALSTAFF. Wilt thou believe me, Hal? three or four bonds of forty pound a-piece and a seal-ring of my grandfather's.% PRINCE. A trifle, some eight-penny matter. HOSTESS. So I told him, my lord; and I said I heard your Grace say so; and, my lord, he speaks most vilely of you, like a foul-mouth'd man as he is; and said he would cudgel you. PRINCE. What! he did not? HOSTESS. There's neither faith, truth, nor womanhood in me else. FALSTAFF. There's no more faith in thee than in a stew'd prune; nor no more truth in thee than in a drawn fox; and, for woman-hood, Maid Marian may be the deputy's wife of the ward to thee. Go, you thing, go. HOSTESS. Say, what thing? what thing? I am an honest man's wife: and, setting thy knighthood aside, thou art a knave to call me so. FALSTAFF. Setting thy womanhood aside, thou art a beast to say otherwise. HOSTESS. Say, what beast, thou knave, thou? FALSTAFF. What beast! why, an otter.

French art: art. aside: de côté, aparté, excepté. beast: bête, animal, grosse fusée. bonds: obligations. cudgel: trique, gourdin. drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé. faith: foi. forty: quarante. fox: renard. honest: honnête, intègre, sincère, loyal.

knave: fripon. knighthood: chevalerie. lord: seigneur, monsieur. lose: perdre, perds, perdez, perdent, perdons. neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul. nor: ni. otherwise: sinon, autrement. otter: loutre, divergent. pound: livre, piler, broyer, fourrière, battre, marteler. prune: pruneau, élaguer, tailler,

prune. setting: réglage, cadre, calage, sertissage. speaks: parle. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. trifle: bagatelle, babiole. truth: vérité. vilely: de manière vile, de façon vile. ward: quartier, salle, pupille, service. womanhood: féminité.

William Shakespeare

89

PRINCE. An otter, Sir John, why an otter? FALSTAFF. Why, she's neither fish nor flesh; a man knows not where to have her.% HOSTESS. Thou art an unjust man in saying so; thou or any man knows where to have me, thou knave, thou! PRINCE. Thou say'st true, hostess; and he slanders thee most grossly. HOSTESS. So he doth you, my lord; and said this other day you ought him a thousand pound. PRINCE. Sirrah, do I owe you a thousand pound? FALSTAFF. A thousand pound, Hal! a million: thy love is worth a million; thou owest me thy love. HOSTESS. Nay, my lord, he call'd you Jack, and said he would cudgel you. FALSTAFF. Did I, Bardolph? BARDOLPH. Indeed, Sir John, you said so. FALSTAFF. Yea, if he said my ring was copper. PRINCE. I say 'tis copper: darest thou be as good as thy word now?

French art: art. copper: cuivre. cudgel: trique, gourdin. fish: poisson, pêcher. flesh: chair, pulpe. grossly: de manière brute, de façon brute, grossièrement. hostess: hôtesse, aubergiste, maîtresse de maison. knave: fripon. knows: connaît, sait. lord: seigneur, monsieur.

neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul. nor: ni. otter: loutre, divergent. ought: devoir, doit, dois, devez, devons, doivent. owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette. pound: livre, piler, broyer, fourrière, battre, marteler. ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle, cycle, frette, son.

saying: disant, adage, proverbe. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thousand: mille, millier. thy: ton. true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste. unjust: injuste. word: mot, parole, promesse. worth: valeur, mérite.

90

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Why, Hal, thou know'st, as thou art but man, I dare; but as thou art prince, I fear thee as I fear the roaring of the lion's whelp.% PRINCE. And why not as the lion? FALSTAFF. The King himself is to be feared as the lion: dost thou think I'll fear thee as I fear thy father? nay, an I do, I pray God my girdle break. PRINCE. Sirrah, there's no room for faith, truth, nor honesty in this bosom of thine; it is all fill'd up with midriff. Charge an honest woman with picking thy pocket! why, thou whoreson, impudent, emboss'd rascal, if there were anything in thy pocket but tavern-reckonings, and one poor pennyworth of sugar-candy to make thee long-winded,--if thy pocket were enrich'd with any other injuries but these, I am a villain: and yet you will stand to it; you will not pocket-up wrong. Art thou not ashamed! FALSTAFF. Dost thou hear, Hal? thou know'st, in the state of innocency Adam fell; and what should poor Jack Falstaff do in the days of villainy? Thou see'st I have more flesh than another man; and therefore more frailty. You confess, then, you pick'd my pocket? PRINCE. It appears so by the story. FALSTAFF. Hostess, I forgive thee: go, make ready breakfast; love thy husband, look to thy servants, cherish thy guests: thou shalt find me tractable to any honest reason; thou see'st I am pacified.--Still? Nay, pr'ythee, be gone. [Exit HOSTESS.] Now, Hal, to the news at Court: for the robbery, lad, how is that answered?

French appears: apparaît. ashamed: honteux. bosom: sein, poitrine. cherish: chérir, chéris, chérissons, chérissent, chérissez. confess: confesser, avouer, confessent, confessons, confessez, confesses, confesse, avouent, avouons, avoues, avoue. feared: craint. forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons,

pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons. frailty: fragilité. girdle: ceinture, gaine. honesty: honnêteté. impudent: effronté. injuries: blessures. lion: lion. midriff: diaphragme. nay: non. rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon. roaring: rugissant.

robbery: vol, brigandage. servants: domestiques, serviteurs. story: histoire, étage, récit, conte, relation, intrigue. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tractable: conciliant, docile. villain: scélérat. villainy: infamie. wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal.

William Shakespeare

91

PRINCE. O, my sweet beef, I must still be good angel to thee: the money is paid back again.% FALSTAFF. O, I do not like that paying back; 'tis a double labour. PRINCE. I am good friends with my father, and may do any thing. FALSTAFF. Rob me the exchequer the first thing thou doest, and do it with unwash'd hands too. BARDOLPH. Do, my lord. PRINCE. I have procured thee, Jack, a charge of Foot. FALSTAFF. I would it had been of Horse. Where shall I find one that can steal well? O, for a fine thief, of the age of two-and-twenty or thereabouts! I am heinously unprovided. Well, God be thanked for these rebels; they offend none but the virtuous: I laud them, I praise them. PRINCE. Bardolph,-BARDOLPH. My lord? PRINCE. Go bear this letter to Lord John of Lancaster, My brother John; this to my Lord of Westmoreland.-[Exit BARDOLPH.] Go, Pointz, to horse, to horse; for thou and I Have thirty miles to ride yet ere dinner-time.-[Exit POINTZ.]

French angel: ange. beef: boeuf. double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie. ere: avant, avant que. exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public. fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention. laud: glorifier, glorifions, glorifiez, glorifies, glorifie, glorifient. letter: lettre.

offend: offenser, offenses, offensent, offense, offensez, offensons, insulter, insulte, insultons, insultez, insultes. paying: payant. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. procured: procuras, procurâtes, procurèrent, procurâmes, procuré, procurai, procura. rebels: rebelles. ride: chevaucher, tour, monter à cheval, aller en véhicule, aller, se

déplacer, monter à bicyclette. steal: voler, dérober, dépouiller, d'acier, subtiliser, volent. thanked: remercias, remerciâtes, remercia, remerciâmes, remerciai, remercièrent, remercié. thee: toi, te, vous. thereabouts: alentour, autour. thief: voleur. thirty: trente. thou: tu, vous, toi. virtuous: vertueux.

92

King Henry IV, Part I

Meet %me to-morrow, Jack, i' the Temple-hall At two o'clock in th' afternoon: There shalt thou know thy charge; and there receive Money and order for their furniture. The land is burning; Percy stands on high; And either they or we must lower lie. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. Rare words! brave world!--Hostess, my breakfast; come:-O, I could wish this tavern were my drum! [Exit.]

French brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. breakfast: petit déjeuner, déjeuner, le petit déjeuner. burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure. charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement. drum: tambour, fût. land: terre, atterrir, aborder, pays, contrée, terrain, s'abattre.

lower: baisser, baisses, abaisser, baisse, baissez, baissons, baissent, inférieur. stands: tribune. tavern: taverne. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. wish: souhait, désir, désirer, souhaiter, vouloir, volonté, gré.

William Shakespeare

ACT IV

SCENE I. THE REBEL CAMP NEAR SHREWSBURY.% [Enter HOTSPUR, WORCESTER, and DOUGLAS.] HOTSPUR. Well said, my noble Scot: if speaking truth In this fine age were not thought flattery, Such attribution should the Douglas have, As not a soldier of this season's stamp Should go so general-current through the world. By God, I cannot flatter; I defy The tongues of soothers; but a braver place In my heart's love hath no man than yourself: Nay, task me to my word; approve me, lord. DOUGLAS. Thou art the king of honour: No man so potent breathes upon the ground But I will beard him. HOTSPUR. Do so, and 'tis well.--

French approve: approuver, approuve, approuves, approuvez, approuvent, approuvons, donner son accord. art: art. attribution: attribution, acte attributif. beard: barbe. breathes: respire. fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention. flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules,

adulent, adulez. king: roi, dame. lord: seigneur, monsieur. noble: noble, élevé. potent: puissant. soldier: soldat, militaire. speaking: parlant, parler. task: tâche, devoir. tongues: langues. word: mot, parole, promesse.

93

94

King Henry IV, Part I

[Enter a MESSENGER with letters.] What letters hast thou there?--I can but thank you.% MESSENGER. These letters come from your father. HOTSPUR. Letters from him! why comes he not himself? MESSENGER. He cannot come, my lord; he's grievous sick. HOTSPUR. Zwounds! how has he the leisure to be sick In such a justling time? Who leads his power? Under whose government come they along? MESSENGER. His letters bears his mind, not I, my lord. WORCESTER. I pr'ythee, tell me, doth he keep his bed? MESSENGER. He did, my lord, four days ere I set forth, And at the time of my departure thence He was much fear'd by his physicians. WORCESTER. I would the state of time had first been whole Ere he by sickness had been visited: His health was never better worth than now. HOTSPUR. Sick now! droop now! this sickness doth infect The very life-blood of our enterprise; 'Tis catching hither, even to our camp. He writes me here, that inward sickness,-And that his friends by deputation could not

French along: le long de. bears: ours. bed: lit, planche, couche, banc. catching: attrapant, prenant, capturant, accroche, frappant. comes: vient. departure: départ, disparition. deputation: députation. droop: pendre, retomber, abattement, affaissement. ere: avant, avant que. friends: amis.

grievous: douloureux, cruel. hither: ici. inward: intérieur, vers l'intérieur. leads: conduit, mène, guide, about it, laisse, pattes. leisure: loisir. letters: lettres. lord: seigneur, monsieur. sick: malade, malsain. sickness: maladie. thank: remercier, remercies, remercie, remerciez, remercions, remercient.

thou: tu, vous, toi. whose: dont, duquel, de qui. worth: valeur, mérite. writes: écrit.

William Shakespeare

95

So soon be drawn; no did he think it meet To lay so dangerous and dear a trust On any soul removed, but on his own. Yet doth he give us bold advertisement, That with our small conjunction we should on, To see how fortune is disposed to us; For, as he writes, there is no quailing now, Because the King is certainly possess'd Of all our purposes. What say you to it? WORCESTER. Your father's sickness is a maim to us.% HOTSPUR. A perilous gash, a very limb lopp'd off:-And yet, in faith, 'tis not; his present want Seems more than we shall find it. Were it good To set the exact wealth of all our states All at one cast? to set so rich a main On the nice hazard of one doubtful hour? It were not good; for therein should we read The very bottom and the soul of hope, The very list, the very utmost bound Of all our fortunes. DOUGLAS. Faith, and so we should; Where now remains a sweet reversion; And we may boldly spend upon the hope Of what is to come in: A comfort of retirement lives in this. HOTSPUR. A rendezvous, a home to fly unto,

French boldly: de manière grasse, de façon grasse, hardiment. cast: fondre, moule, coulée, couler, distribution, acteurs, plâtre. comfort: confort, consoler, consolation, réconfort, réconforter. conjunction: conjonction, intersection. disposed: disposé, disposâmes, disposèrent, disposai, disposa, disposâtes, disposas. doubtful: incertain, douteux. exact: exact, juste.

fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. gash: entaille, balafre. hazard: risque, danger, hasard, aléa, péril, risquer, aventurer, oser, hasarder. limb: membre, limbe, flanc. maim: estropier. nice: agréable, bon, aimable, gentil, joli, succulent, savoureux. perilous: périlleux. remains: reste, restes.

rendezvous: rencontre. retirement: retraite, pension, abandon, repli. spend: dépenser, dépenses, dépense, dépensent, dépensez, dépensons, passer, passent, passes, passez, passons. therein: en cela. utmost: extrême. wealth: richesse, fortune.

96

King Henry IV, Part I

If that the Devil and mischance look big Upon the maidenhead of our affairs.% WORCESTER. But yet I would your father had been here. The quality and hair of our attempt Brooks no division: it will be thought By some, that know not why he is away, That wisdom, loyalty, and mere dislike Of our proceedings, kept the earl from hence: And think how such an apprehension May turn the tide of fearful faction, And breed a kind of question in our cause; For well you know we of the offering side Must keep aloof from strict arbitrement, And stop all sight-holes, every loop from whence The eye of reason may pry in upon us. This absence of your father's draws a curtain, That shows the ignorant a kind of fear Before not dreamt of. HOTSPUR. Nay, you strain too far. I, rather, of his absence make this use: It lends a lustre and more great opinion, A larger dare to our great enterprise, Than if the earl were here; for men must think, If we, without his help, can make a head To push against the kingdom, with his help We shall o'erturn it topsy-turvy down. Yet all goes well, yet all our joints are whole.

French absence: absence, manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation. aloof: distant. breed: race, élever, éduquer. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. draws: dessine, puise, appâte, trace. dreamt: rêvé. earl: comte. fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux. ignorant: ignorant.

joints: articulations. larger: plus grand. lends: prête, emprunte. loop: boucle, maille, circuit, œillet, anse. loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme. lustre: éclat, lustre. maidenhead: hymen. mere: pur, seul, simple. mischance: malchance. offering: offrande. pry: écart, écart latéral, forcer au

levier. push: pousser, poussée, poussez. shows: montre, manifeste, marque, dénote. strain: souche, tension, effort, fatigue, tendre. strict: sévère, austère, strict, rigoureux. tide: marée. wisdom: sagesse, intelligence.

William Shakespeare

97

DOUGLAS. As heart can think: there is not such a word Spoke in Scotland as this term of fear.% [Enter SIR RICHARD VERNON.] HOTSPUR. My cousin Vernon! welcome, by my soul. VERNON. Pray God my news be worth a welcome, lord. The Earl of Westmoreland, seven thousand strong, Is marching hitherwards; with him Prince John. HOTSPUR. No harm: what more? VERNON. And further, I have learn'd The King himself in person is set forth, Or hitherwards intended speedily, With strong and mighty preparation. HOTSPUR. He shall be welcome too. Where is his son, The nimble-footed madcap Prince of Wales, And his comrades, that daff the world aside, And bid it pass? VERNON. All furnish'd, all in arms; All plumed like estridges that with the wind Bate it; like eagles having lately bathed; Glittering in golden coats, like images; As full of spirit as the month of May And gorgeous as the Sun at midsummer; Wanton as youthful goats, wild as young bulls.

French bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. comrades: camarades. cousin: cousin, cousine. goats: caprins, chèvres. golden: doré, en or, d'or. gorgeous: magnifique. harm: nuire, préjudice, mal, tort, endommager. intended: visèrent, visâtes, visas,

visâmes, visai, visa, visé, destiné, projetas, projetâtes, projetâmes. lately: dernièrement, de manière tarde, de façon tardive, récemment. madcap: écervelé. marching: marcher. mighty: puissant. pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler. plumed: empanaché.

preparation: préparation, préparatif. soul: âme. spirit: esprit, vigueur. term: terme, durée, échéance. thousand: mille, millier. welcome: bienvenue, accueil, accueillir, bienvenu, accueilles, accueille, accueillent, accueillez, accueillons, recevoir solennellement. wild: sauvage. worth: valeur, mérite. youthful: jeune, juvénile.

98

King Henry IV, Part I

I saw young Harry--with his beaver on, His cuisses on his thighs, gallantly arm'd-Rise from the ground like feather'd Mercury, And vault it with such ease into his seat, As if an angel dropp'd down from the clouds, To turn and wind a fiery Pegasus, And witch the world with noble horsemanship.% HOTSPUR. No more, no more: worse than the Sun in March, This praise doth nourish agues. Let them come; They come like sacrifices in their trim, And to the fire-eyed maid of smoky war, All hot and bleeding, will we offer them: The mailed Mars shall on his altar sit Up to the ears in blood. I am on fire To hear this rich reprisal is so nigh, And yet not ours.--Come, let me taste my horse, Who is to bear me, like a thunderbolt, Against the bosom of the Prince of Wales: Harry and Harry shall, hot horse to horse, Meet, and ne'er part till one drop down a corse.-O, that Glendower were come! VERNON. There is more news: I learn'd in Worcester, as I rode along, He cannot draw his power this fourteen days. DOUGLAS. That's the worst tidings that I hear of yet. WORCESTER. Ay, by my faith, that bears a frosty sound.

French altar: autel. angel: ange. bears: ours. beaver: castor. bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage. bosom: sein, poitrine. draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises. fiery: ardent, fougueux.

frosty: glacial. gallantly: de manière vaillante, de façon vaillante. maid: femme de chambre, servante, domestique, bonne. noble: noble, élevé. nourish: nourrir, nourris, nourrissez, nourrissent, nourrissons, alimenter. offer: offre, offrir, proposition, proposer, présenter, sacrifier, consacrer, faire offrande. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer,

louanger. reprisal: représaille, représailles. sacrifices: sacrifie. smoky: fumeux, enfumé. sound: son, sonner, résonner, bruit, sain, sonder, détroit, vibration acoustique, oscillation acoustique, solide, sonde. thighs: cuisses. tidings: nouvelles. vault: voûte, chambre forte. witch: sorcière.

William Shakespeare

99

HOTSPUR. What may the King's whole battle reach unto? VERNON. To thirty thousand.% HOTSPUR. Forty let it be: My father and Glendower being both away, The powers of us may serve so great a day. Come, let us take a muster speedily: Doomsday is near; die all, die merrily. DOUGLAS. Talk not of dying: I am out of fear Of death or death's hand for this one half-year. [Exeunt.]

SCENE II. A PUBLIC ROAD NEAR COVENTRY. [Enter FALSTAFF and BARDOLPH.] FALSTAFF. Bardolph, get thee before to Coventry; fill me a bottle of sack: our soldiers shall march through; we'll to Sutton-Co'fil' to-night. BARDOLPH. Will you give me money, captain? FALSTAFF. Lay out, lay out. BARDOLPH. This bottle makes an angel.

French angel: ange. battle: bataille, combat, lutte. bottle: bouteille, embouteiller, flacon. captain: capitaine, commandant, capitaine de vaisseau. die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. dying: mourant, décédant. fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer,

emplir, remblai. lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. makes: fait, rend. merrily: de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse, joyeusement. muster: rassemblement. near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à. powers: pouvoirs. reach: atteindre, parvenir, portée,

aboutir, remporter, étendue, toucher, bief. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons. thee: toi, te, vous. thirty: trente.

100

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. An if it do, take it for thy labour; an if it make twenty, take them all; I'll answer the coinage. Bid my lieutenant Peto meet me at the town's end.% BARDOLPH. I will, captain: farewell. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. If I be not ashamed of my soldiers, I am a soused gurnet. I have misused the King's press damnably. I have got, in exchange of a hundred and fifty soldiers, three hundred and odd pounds. I press'd me none but good householders, yeomen's sons; inquired me out contracted bachelors, such as had been ask'd twice on the banns; such a commodity of warm slaves as had as lief hear the Devil as a drum; such as fear the report of a caliver worse than a struck fowl or a hurt wild-duck. I press'd me none but such toasts-andbutter, with hearts in their bodies no bigger than pins'-heads, and they have bought out their services; and now my whole charge consists of ancients, corporals, lieutenants, gentlemen of companies, slaves as ragged as Lazarus in the painted cloth, where the glutton's dogs licked his sores; and such as, indeed, were never soldiers, but discarded unjust serving-men, younger sons to younger brothers, revolted tapsters, and ostlers trade-fallen; the cankers of a calm world and a long peace; ten times more dishonourable ragged than an old faced ancient: and such have I, to fill up the rooms of them that have bought out their services, that you would think that I had a hundred and fifty tattered Prodigals lately come from swine-keeping, from eating draff and husks. A mad fellow met me on the way, and told me I had unloaded all the gibbets, and press'd the dead bodies. No eye hath seen such scarecrows. I'll not march through Coventry with them, that's flat: nay, and the villains march wide betwixt the legs, as if they had gyves on; for, indeed, I had the most of them out of prison. There's but a shirt and a half in all my company; and the half-shirt is two napkins tack'd together and thrown over the shoulders like a herald's coat without sleeves; and the shirt, to say the truth,

French bachelors: célibataires. banns: bans. calm: calme, tranquille, calmer, abattre, paisible, quiet, rassurer, repos, accalmie, tranquilliser. cloth: tissu, étoffe, toile, linge, chiffon. coat: manteau, enduire, pardessus, couche, capote, paletot, pelage, enrober, napper. coinage: frappe de monnaie, numéraire, système monétaire d'un pays, néographie, monnayage,

monnaie. consists: consiste. contracted: contracté. dishonourable: déshonorant. draff: drèche. eating: mangeant. fowl: volaille, poule. gurnet: grondin. husks: spathes. licked: léché. lieutenant: lieutenant. painted: peint.

ragged: déchiqueté. scarecrows: épouvantails. shirt: chemise, chemisier, maillot. slaves: esclaves. sleeves: manches. soused: imbibé. tattered: déguenillé, en lambeaux. thrown: jeté. unloaded: déchargé, déchargea, déchargeai, déchargeâmes, déchargeas, déchargeâtes, déchargèrent.

William Shakespeare

101

stolen from my host at Saint Alban's, or the red-nose innkeeper of Daventry. But that's all one; they'll find linen enough on every hedge.% [Enter PRINCE HENRY and WESTMORELAND.] PRINCE. How now, blown Jack! how now, quilt! FALSTAFF. What, Hal! how now, mad wag! what a devil dost thou in Warwickshire?--My good Lord of Westmoreland, I cry you mercy: I thought your honour had already been at Shrewsbury. WESTMORELAND. Faith, Sir John, 'tis more than time that I were there, and you too; but my powers are there already. The King, I can tell you, looks for us all: we must away all, to-night. FALSTAFF. Tut, never fear me: I am as vigilant as a cat to steal cream. PRINCE. I think, to steal cream, indeed; for thy theft hath already made thee butter. But tell me, Jack, whose fellows are these that come after? FALSTAFF. Mine, Hal, mine. PRINCE. I did never see such pitiful rascals. FALSTAFF. Tut, tut; good enough to toss; food for powder, food for powder; they'll fill a pit as well as better: tush, man, mortal men, mortal men. WESTMORELAND. Ay, but, Sir John, methinks they are exceeding poor and bare,--too beggarly.

French beggarly: misérable. blown: soufflé. butter: beurre, beurrer. cream: crème, écrémer. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. devil: diable. exceeding: dépassant, excédant, maîtrisant, outrepassant. food: nourriture, aliment, alimentation, pâture, aliments. honour: honneur, honorer. host: hôte, amphitryon, aubergiste,

hostie, foule. innkeeper: aubergiste, hôtelier. linen: lin, toile, linge, toile de lin. mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. mortal: mortel. pit: fosse, noyau, piqûre, trou, centre, fossé, mine, creux, dénoyauter, puits. pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable. powder: poudre, pulvériser, poudrer. quilt: édredon, piquer, coudre,

courtepointe, couette. steal: voler, dérober, dépouiller, d'acier, subtiliser, volent. stolen: volé, volés, volée. thee: toi, te, vous. theft: vol. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. toss: lancement, tirage au sort. tut: zut. vigilant: vigilant. wag: farceur, remuer.

102

King Henry IV, Part I

FALSTAFF. Faith, for their poverty, I know not where they had that; and, for their bareness, I am sure they never learn'd that of me.% PRINCE. No, I'll be sworn; unless you call three fingers on the ribs bare. But, sirrah, make haste: Percy is already in the field. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. What, is the King encamp'd? WESTMORELAND. He is, Sir John: I fear we shall stay too long. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. Well, To the latter end of a fray and the beginning of a feast Fits a dull fighter and a keen guest. [Exit.]

SCENE III. THE REBEL CAMP NEAR SHREWSBURY. [Enter HOTSPUR, WORCESTER, DOUGLAS, and VERNON.] HOTSPUR. We'll fight with him to-night. WORCESTER. It may not be. DOUGLAS. You give him, then, advantage.

French advantage: avantage, intérêt. bare: nu, dénudé, mettre à nu. bareness: nudité. beginning: début, commençant, commencement, débutant, inauguration. call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale. dull: terne, mat, obtus, abêtir, bébête, sot, ennuyeux, monotone.

fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. fighter: combattant, chasseur, batailleur, avion de chasse. fingers: doigts. fray: s'effilocher. haste: hâte. keen: vif, aiguisé, actif, affilé, alerte, vigilant. latter: dernier.

poverty: pauvreté, misère. ribs: côtes. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. sure: sûr, certain, assuré. sworn: juré, jurées. unless: à moins que, à moins de, sauf.

William Shakespeare

103

VERNON. Not a whit.% HOTSPUR. Why say you so? looks he not for supply? VERNON. So do we. HOTSPUR. His is certain, ours is doubtful. WORCESTER. Good cousin, be advised; stir not to-night. VERNON. Do not, my lord. DOUGLAS. You do not counsel well: You speak it out of fear and cold heart. VERNON. Do me no slander, Douglas: by my life,-And I dare well maintain it with my life,-If well-respected honour bid me on, I hold as little counsel with weak fear As you, my lord, or any Scot that this day lives: Let it be seen to-morrow in the battle Which of us fears. DOUGLAS. Yea, or to-night. VERNON. Content. HOTSPUR. To-night, say I.

French advised: conseillé. bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. cold: froid, rhume. counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur. cousin: cousin, cousine. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure.

doubtful: incertain, douteux. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. fears: craintes. honour: honneur, honorer. looks: regarde. maintain: maintenir, maintenez, maintiens, maintenons, maintiennent, conserver, conservent, conservons, conserve, conserves, conservez. ours: nôtre. slander: diffamer, calomnier,

calomnie, diffamation, médire, salir. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger. supply: fourniture, provision, fournir, alimentation, approvisionnement, ravitaillement, livrer, munir, pourvoir, réserve, alimenter. weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou.

104

King Henry IV, Part I

VERNON. Come, come, it may not be. I wonder much, Being men of such great leading as you are, That you foresee not what impediments Drag back our expedition: certain Horse Of my cousin Vernon's are not yet come up: Your uncle Worcester's Horse came but to-day; And now their pride and mettle is asleep, Their courage with hard labour tame and dull, That not a horse is half the half himself.% HOTSPUR. So are the horses of the enemy In general, journey-bated and brought low: The better part of ours are full of rest. WORCESTER. The number of the King exceedeth ours. For God's sake, cousin, stay till all come in. [The Trumpet sounds a parley.] [Enter SiR WALTER BLUNT.] BLUNT. I come with gracious offers from the King, If you vouchsafe me hearing and respect. HOTSPUR. Welcome, Sir Walter Blunt; and would to God You were of our determination! Some of us love you well; and even those some Envy your great deservings and good name, Because you are not of our quality, But stand against us like an enemy.

French courage: courage, abattage. cousin: cousin, cousine. enemy: ennemi. expedition: expédition. foresee: prévoir, prévoyez, prévoient, prévoyons, prévois. gracious: gracieux. hearing: entendant, audition, audience, ouïe, audition publique, oyant. horse: cheval, le cheval. horses: chevaux.

leading: conduisant, menant, guidant, aboutissant, plombage, laissant, principal. mettle: ardeur, fougue. offers: offrit. ours: nôtre. pride: fierté, orgueil. respect: respect, respecter. sake: saké. sounds: sonne, sons. stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement,

position, socle, surgir, se dresser. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner. tame: dresser, apprivoiser, apprivoisé, dompter, docile. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. uncle: oncle. vouchsafe: accorder. wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander.

William Shakespeare

105

BLUNT. And God defend but still I should stand so, So long as out of limit and true rule You stand against anointed majesty! But to my charge: the King hath sent to know The nature of your griefs; and whereupon You conjure from the breast of civil peace Such bold hostility, teaching his duteous land Audacious cruelty. If that the King Have any way your good deserts forgot, Which he confesseth to be manifold, He bids you name your griefs; and with all speed You shall have your desires with interest, And pardon absolute for yourself and these Herein misled by your suggestion.% HOTSPUR. The King is kind; and well we know the King Knows at what time to promise, when to pay. My father and my uncle and myself Did give him that same royalty he wears; And--when he was not six-and-twenty strong, Sick in the world's regard, wretched and low, A poor unminded outlaw sneaking home-My father gave him welcome to the shore: And--when he heard him swear and vow to God, He came but to be Duke of Lancaster, To sue his livery and beg his peace, With tears of innocence and terms of zeal-My father, in kind heart and pity moved, Swore him assistance, and performed it too. Now, when the lords and barons of the realm Perceived Northumberland did lean to him,

French absolute: absolu, complet, inéluctable, absolue, immense, illimité, pur. anointed: enduisirent, enduit, enduisîtes, enduisîmes, enduisis, enduisit, oint, étalas, étala, oignîtes, étalai. beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier. breast: poitrine, sein, mamelle, front de taille.

conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures. cruelty: cruauté, sévices. defend: défendre, défendent, défends, défendons, défendez. deserts: déserte. hostility: hostilité. innocence: innocence, naïveté. livery: livrée. misled: égaras, égarâtes, égaré, égarai, égara, égarèrent, égarâmes. outlaw: proscrit.

performed: accompli, réalisa, réalisèrent, réalisé, réalisâtes, réalisas, réalisâmes, réalisai, accomplîtes, accomplit, accomplis. regard: considérer, considérez, considérons, considères, considèrent, considère, estime, regarder, contempler, égard, regard. sue: actionner. vow: voeu. wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux.

106

King Henry IV, Part I

The%more and less came in with cap and knee; Met him in boroughs, cities, villages, Attended him on bridges, stood in lanes, Laid gifts before him, proffer'd him their oaths, Give him their heirs as pages, follow'd him Even at the heels in golden multitudes. He presently--as greatness knows itself-Steps me a little higher than his vow Made to my father, while his blood was poor, Upon the naked shore at Ravenspurg; And now, forsooth, takes on him to reform Some certain edicts and some strait decrees That lie too heavy on the commonwealth; Cries out upon abuses, seems to weep Over his country's wrongs; and, by this face, This seeming brow of justice, did he win The hearts of all that he did angle for: Proceeded further; cut me off the heads Of all the favourites, that the absent King In deputation left behind him here When he was personal in the Irish war. BLUNT. Tut, I came not to hear this. HOTSPUR. Then to the point: In short time after, he deposed the King; Soon after that, deprived him of his life; And, in the neck of that, task'd the whole State: To make that worse, suffer'd his kinsman March (Who is, if every owner were well placed, Indeed his king) to be engaged in Wales,

French absent: absent. abuses: abuse. blunt: émoussé, émousser, épointer. brow: sourcil, front. cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle. cities: villes. deposed: destitué, déposas, destituèrent, destituâtes, destituas, destituâmes, destituai, destitua, déposèrent, déposâtes, déposâmes.

deprived: privé, dépouillas, privâtes, privas, privâmes, privai, priva, dépouillèrent, dépouillâtes, privèrent, dépouillâmes. deputation: députation. engaged: engagé, engageai, engagea, engageâmes, engagèrent, engageas, engageâtes, occupé. greatness: grandeur. hearts: coeurs. heels: talons. justice: justice, équité.

kinsman: parent. naked: nu, dénudé. owner: propriétaire, détenteur, possesseur, armateur, titulaire, maître de la chose. seeming: semblant, paraissant. shore: rive, bord, côte, rivage, accore, côte rivage, étançon, étayer, étai. short: court. strait: détroit, étroit. tut: zut.

William Shakespeare

107

There without ransom to lie forfeited; Disgraced me in my happy victories, Sought to entrap me by intelligence; Rated my uncle from the Council-board; In rage dismiss'd my father from the Court; Broke oath on oath, committed wrong on wrong; And, in conclusion, drove us to seek out This head of safety; and withal to pry Into his title, the which now we find Too indirect for long continuance.% BLUNT. Shall I return this answer to the King? HOTSPUR. Not so, Sir Walter: we'll withdraw awhile. Go to the King; and let there be impawn'd Some surety for a safe return again, And in the morning early shall my uncle Bring him our purposes: and so, farewell. BLUNT. I would you would accept of grace and love. HOTSPUR. And may be so we shall. BLUNT. Pray God you do. [Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. YORK. A ROOM IN THE ARCHBISHOP'S PALACE.

French accept: accepter, acceptez, acceptons, acceptent, accepte, acceptes, agréer, admettre, agréent, agréez, agréons. committed: commis, commit, commîtes, commirent, commîmes, engagé. conclusion: conclusion, résultat. drove: conduisirent, conduisîtes, poussèrent, poussâtes, poussas, poussâmes, poussai, poussa, conduisit, conduisis, conduisîmes. entrap: prendre au piège.

farewell: adieu. grace: grâce, charme. indirect: indirect. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. oath: serment, juron. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager. ransom: rançon. return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration,

rendement. safe: sûr, en sûreté, à l'abri, sauf, sans danger. seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent. surety: caution, cautionnement, garant. uncle: oncle. withdraw: retirer, retire, retirent, retires, retirez, retirons, décéder, prélever.

108

King Henry IV, Part I

[Enter the ARCHBISHOP OF YORK and SIR MICHAEL.] ARCHBISHOP. Hie, good Sir Michael; bear this sealed brief With winged haste to the Lord Marshal; This to my cousin Scroop; and all the rest To whom they are directed. If you knew How much they do import, you would make haste.% SIR MICHAEL. My good lord, I guess their tenour. ARCHBISHOP. Like enough you do. To-morrow, good Sir Michael, is a day Wherein the fortune of ten thousand men Must bide the touch; for, sir, at Shrewsbury, As I am truly given to understand, The King, with mighty and quick-raised power, Meets with Lord Harry: and, I fear, Sir Michael, What with the sickness of Northumberland, Whose power was in the first proportion, And what with Owen Glendower's absence thence, Who with them was a rated sinew too, And comes not in, o'er-rul'd by prophecies,-I fear the power of Percy is too weak To wage an instant trial with the King. SIR MICHAEL. Why, my good lord, you need not fear; There's Douglas and Lord Mortimer. ARCHBISHOP. No, Mortimer's not there.

French absence: absence, manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. bide: attendre, attendent, attendez, attendons, attends. comes: vient. cousin: cousin, cousine. directed: dirigé. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur.

fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. guess: deviner, supposer, supposition. haste: hâte. import: importation, importer. instant: instant, moment. lord: seigneur, monsieur. mighty: puissant. rated: nominal. sealed: scellé, étanche, hermétique, fermé. sickness: maladie. sinew: tendon.

sir: monsieur. thousand: mille, millier. touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez. trial: jugement, essai, épreuve, désolation, procès. truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement. wage: salaire, appointements, gaine, paie. whom: qui. winged: ailé, blessé.

William Shakespeare

109

SIR MICHAEL. But there is Mordake, Vernon, Lord Harry Percy, And there's my Lord of Worcester; and a head Of gallant warriors, noble gentlemen.% ARCHBISHOP. And so there is: but yet the King hath drawn The special head of all the land together; The Prince of Wales, Lord John of Lancaster, The noble Westmoreland, and warlike Blunt; And many more corrivals and dear men Of estimation and command in arms. SIR MICHAEL. Doubt not, my lord, they shall be well opposed. ARCHBISHOP. I hope no less, yet needful 'tis to fear; And, to prevent the worst, Sir Michael, speed: For if Lord Percy thrive not, ere the King Dismiss his power, he means to visit us, For he hath heard of our confederacy; And 'tis but wisdom to make strong against him: Therefore make haste. I must go write again To other friends; and so, farewell, Sir Michael. [Exeunt.]

French arms: bras, arme. command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande. dear: cher, coûteux. ere: avant, avant que. estimation: estimation. farewell: adieu. friends: amis. gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux.

haste: hâte. lord: seigneur, monsieur. needful: nécessaire. noble: noble, élevé. opposed: opposé, opposas, opposâtes, opposa, opposâmes, opposai, opposèrent, rouspétâtes, rouspété, rouspétas, rouspétâmes. prevent: empêcher, empêche, empêches, empêchez, empêchent, empêchons, prévenir, préviens, prévenez, prévenons, préviennent.

thrive: prospérer, prospères, prospérez, prospérons, prospèrent, prospère. visit: visite, visiter, visites, visitent, visitez, visitons, aller voir. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. wisdom: sagesse, intelligence. worst: pire, le plus mauvais. write: écrire, écris, écrivent, écrivez, écrivons, composer, rédiger.

110

King Henry IV, Part I

ACT V

SCENE I. THE KING'S CAMP NEAR SHREWSBURY.%

[Enter KING HENRY, PRINCE HENRY, LANCASTER, SIR WALTER BLUNT, and SIR JOHN FALSTAFF.] KING. How bloodily the Sun begins to peer Above yon busky hill! the day looks pale At his distemperature. PRINCE. The southern wind Doth play the trumpet to his purposes; And by his hollow whistling in the leaves Foretells a tempest and a blustering day. KING. Then with the losers let it sympathize, For nothing can seem foul to those that win.-[The trumpet sounds. Enter WORCESTER and VERNON.]

French begins: commence, débute. bloodily: de façon sanglante, de manière sanglante. blustering: fanfaron. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir. hill: colline, coteau, butter, terrer. hollow: creux, cavité, caver. looks: regarde.

losers: perdants. whistling: sifflement, sifflant. play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, yon: y, là. jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de. seem: sembler, semblez, semblons, semblent, semble, sembles, paraître, paraissez, paraissons, paraissent, parais. sounds: sonne, sons. southern: austral, du sud, méridional. tempest: tempête. trumpet: trompette, barrir, trompeter.

William Shakespeare

111

How, %now, my Lord of Worcester! 'tis not well That you and I should meet upon such terms As now we meet. You have deceived our trust; And made us doff our easy robes of peace, To crush our old limbs in ungentle steel: This is not well, my lord, this is not well. What say you to't? will you again unknit This churlish knot of all-abhorred war, And move in that obedient orb again Where you did give a fair and natural light; And be no more an exhaled meteor, A prodigy of fear, and a portent Of broached mischief to the unborn times? WORCESTER. Hear me, my liege: For mine own part, I could be well content To entertain the lag-end of my life With quiet hours; for I do protest, I have not sought the day of this dislike. KING. You have not sought it! why, how comes it, then? FALSTAFF. Rebellion lay in his way, and he found it. PRINCE. Peace, chewet, peace! WORCESTER. It pleased your Majesty to turn your looks Of favour from myself and all our House; And yet I must remember you, my lord, We were the first and dearest of your friends. For you my staff of office did I break

French churlish: grossier. crush: piler, écraser, broyer, briser, foule, réduire en miettes, fracasser, presse, écrasement, aplatir. deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent, trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai. dislike: détester, antipathie, déteste, détestent, détestes, détestez, détestons, dédaigner. doff: levée, lever, enlever.

easy: facile. entertain: distraire, divertir, régaler, distraient, distrais, distrayez, distrayons, abriter, divertis, divertissons, divertissez. exhaled: exhalèrent, exhala, exhalâmes, exhalas, exhalâtes, exhalai, exhalé. knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche. limbs: membres.

mischief: malice. obedient: obéissant, docile. orb: orbe. peace: paix, tranquillité. pleased: content, satisfait, plu. prodigy: prodige. sought: cherchâtes, cherchas, cherchâmes, cherchèrent, cherché, cherchai, chercha, raillèrent, raillé, raillâtes, railla.

112

King Henry IV, Part I

In %Richard's time; and posted day and night To meet you on the way, and kiss your hand, When yet you were in place and in account Nothing so strong and fortunate as I. It was myself, my brother, and his son, That brought you home, and boldly did outdare The dangers of the time. You swore to us,-And you did swear that oath at Doncaster,-That you did nothing purpose 'gainst the state; Nor claim no further than your new-fall'n right, The seat of Gaunt, dukedom of Lancaster: To this we swore our aid. But in short space It rain'd down fortune showering on your head; And such a flood of greatness fell on you,-What with our help, what with the absent King, What with the injuries of a wanton time, The seeming sufferances that you had borne, And the contrarious winds that held the King So long in his unlucky Irish wars That all in England did repute him dead,-And, from this swarm of fair advantages, You took occasion to be quickly woo'd To gripe the general sway into your hand; Forgot your oath to us at Doncaster; And, being fed by us, you used us so As that ungentle gull, the cuckoo-bird, Useth the sparrow; did oppress our nest; Grew by our feeding to so great a bulk, That even our love thirst not come near your sight For fear of swallowing; but with nimble wing We were enforced, for safety-sake, to fly Out of your sight, and raise this present head:

French dukedom: duché. enforced: imposé, forcé, réalisâtes, imposa, réalisé, réalisas, réalisâmes, réalisai, imposèrent, imposâtes, imposas. fed: alimentas, alimentâtes, alimenté, alimentâmes, alimentai, alimentèrent, alimenta, nourrit, nourris, nourrirent, nourrîtes. feeding: alimentant, nourrissant, alimentation, affouragement. flood: inondation, inonder, flot,

combler, submerger, marée montante, marée haute, abreuver, noyer, crue, déluge. fortunate: heureux, chanceux. gripe: indication d'incident, rouspéter, ronchonner. gull: mouette, leurre flottant, goéland. nimble: agile. oppress: opprimer, serrer, opprimes, serrez, serre, serrent, serrons, opprimons, serres, oppriment, opprime.

posted: affiché, posté. repute: réputation, renommée. seat: siège, banquette, assiette, place, selle. showering: douchant. swallowing: avalant, engloutissement. swarm: fourmiller, grouiller, essaim, essaimer. sway: vaciller, balancement, oscillation, osciller, se balancer. thirst: soif, avoir soif. unlucky: malchanceux, malheureux.

William Shakespeare

113

Whereby we stand opposed by such means As you yourself have forged against yourself, By unkind usage, dangerous countenance, And violation of all faith and troth Sworn to tis in your younger enterprise.% KING. These things, indeed, you have articulate, Proclaim'd at market-crosses, read in churches, To face the garment of rebellion With some fine colour that may please the eye Of fickle changelings and poor discontents, Which gape and rub the elbow at the news Of hurlyburly innovation: And never yet did insurrection want Such water-colours to impaint his cause; Nor moody beggars, starving for a time Of pellmell havoc and confusion. PRINCE. In both our armies there is many a soul Shall pay full dearly for this encounter, If once they join in trial. Tell your nephew, The Prince of Wales doth join with all the world In praise of Henry Percy: by my hopes, This present enterprise set off his head, I do not think a braver gentleman, More active-valiant or more valiant-young, More daring or more bold, is now alive To grace this latter age with noble deeds. For my part,--I may speak it to my shame,-I have a truant been to chivalry; And so I hear he doth account me too:

French account: compte, considérer, client, relation, rapport, croire, communication, description, être d'avis, addition, penser que. bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. confusion: confusion, désordre, confusion mentale, affolement. daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant. dearly: de manière chère, de façon chère.

elbow: coude. enterprise: entreprise. faith: foi. fickle: inconstant. forged: forgé, contrefait. gape: béer, badauder, bayer aux corneilles, bâiller. garment: vêtement, habit. grace: grâce, charme. havoc: ravage. insurrection: insurrection. noble: noble, élevé.

opposed: opposé, opposas, opposâtes, opposa, opposâmes, opposai, opposèrent, rouspétâtes, rouspété, rouspétas, rouspétâmes. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. rub: frotter, récurer, frottement. starving: affamant, affamé. truant: vagabond. unkind: maussade. usage: usage, coutume, utilisation. violation: violation, infraction, viol.

114

King Henry IV, Part I

Yet this before my father's Majesty,-I am content that he shall take the odds Of his great name and estimation, And will, to save the blood on either side, Try fortune with him in a single fight.% KING. And, Prince of Wales, so dare we venture thee, Albeit considerations infinite Do make against it.--No, good Worcester, no; We love our people well; even those we love That are misled upon your cousin's part; And, will they take the offer of our grace, Both he, and they, and you, yea, every man Shall be my friend again, and I'll be his: So tell your cousin, and then bring me word What he will do: but, if he will not yield, Rebuke and dread correction wait on us, And they shall do their office. So, be gone; We will not now be troubled with reply: We offer fair; take it advisedly. [Exit WORCESTER with VERNON.] PRINCE. It will not be accepted, on my life: The Douglas and the Hotspur both together Are confident against the world in arms. KING. Hence, therefore, every leader to his charge; For, on their answer, will we set on them: And God befriend us, as our cause is just! [Exeunt the KING, BLUNT, and PRINCE JOHN.]

French accepted: accepté, acceptâmes, acceptai, accepta, acceptèrent, acceptas, acceptâtes, agréé, agréâmes, agréèrent, agréa. advisedly: délibérément, de manière conseillée, de façon conseillée, en connaissance de cause. cause: cause, causer, faire, rendre, déterminer, procurer, entraîner des conséquences, situer, occasionner, motif. confident: confiant, assuré.

content: contenu, satisfait. correction: correction, rectification. cousin: cousin, cousine. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. dread: crainte, redouter. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade. leader: guide, animateur, leader, conseiller, chef, commandant,

dirigeant, amorce, meneur. misled: égaras, égarâtes, égaré, égarai, égara, égarèrent, égarâmes. single: célibataire, unique, simple, seul, individuel, individuelle. troubled: inquiet. venture: risquer, aventurer, oser, entreprise, oser entreprendre, aventure, hasarder. wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente. yea: oui.

William Shakespeare

115

FALSTAFF. Hal, if thou see me down in the battle, and bestride me, so; 'tis a point of friendship.% PRINCE. Nothing but a colossus can do thee that friendship. Say thy prayers, and farewell. FALSTAFF. I would it were bedtime, Hal, and all well. PRINCE. Why, thou owest God a death. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. 'Tis not due yet; I would be loth to pay Him before His day. What need I be so forward with him that calls not on me? Well, 'tis no matter; honour pricks me on. Yea, but how if honour prick me off when I come on? how then? Can honor set-to a leg? no: or an arm? no: or take away the grief of a wound? no. Honour hath no skill in surgery then? no. What is honour? a word. What is that word, honour? air. A trim reckoning!--Who hath it? he that died o' Wednesday. Doth he feel it? no. Doth be hear it? no. Is it insensible, then? yea, to the dead. But will it not live with the living? no. Why? detraction will not suffer it. Therefore I'll none of it: honour is a mere scutcheon:--and so ends my catechism. [Exit.]

SCENE II. THE REBEL CAMP. [Enter WORCESTER and VERNON.]

French arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme. bedtime: heure du coucher. bestride: enjambe, enjambons, enjambez, enjambent, enjambes, enjamber. calls: appelle. colossus: colosse. dead: mort. detraction: détraction. ends: finit. farewell: adieu.

grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur. honor: honneur, honorer. honour: honneur, honorer. insensible: insensible. leg: jambe, patte, cuisse, branche, pied, gigot, montant. living: vivant, habitant, logeant, en vie, bénéfice. mere: pur, seul, simple. prayers: prières. prick: piqûre, bitte, zob.

skill: habileté, compétence, adresse. suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis. surgery: chirurgie. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. trim: garnir, tailler, décorer, égaliser, ébarber, assiette, rogner. wound: blessure, blesser, plaie. yea: oui.

116

King Henry IV, Part I

WORCESTER. O no, my nephew must not know, Sir Richard, The liberal-kind offer of the King.% VERNON. 'Twere best he did. WORCESTER. Then are we all undone. It is not possible, it cannot be, The King should keep his word in loving us; He will suspect us still, and find a time To punish this offence in other faults: Suspicion all our lives shall be stuck full of eyes; For treason is but trusted like the fox, Who, ne'er so tame, so cherish'd, and lock'd up, Will have a wild trick of his ancestors. Look how we can, or sad or merrily, Interpretation will misquote our looks; And we shall feed like oxen at a stall, The better cherish'd, still the nearer death. My nephew's trespass may be well forgot: It hath th' excuse of youth and heat of blood, And an adopted name of privilege,-A hare-brain'd Hotspur, govern'd by a spleen: All his offences live upon my head And on his father's: we did train him on; And, his corruption being ta'en from us, We, as the spring of all, shall pay for all. Therefore, good cousin, let not Harry know, In any case, the offer of the King.

French adopted: adopté, adoptas, adoptâtes, adoptâmes, adopta, adoptèrent, adoptai, adoptif. corruption: corruption. cousin: cousin, cousine. excuse: excuser, dispenser, excuse, pardonner, excusez. feed: alimenter, alimente, alimentes, alimentent, alimentons, alimentez, nourrir, nourrissons, nourris, nourrissent, nourrissez. loving: amoureux, aimant.

misquote: citer inexactement. nephew: neveu. offence: délit, infraction, offense, agacement. oxen: boeufs. punish: punir, punissons, punissez, punissent, punis. sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre. spring: ressort, source, fontaine, sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de. stuck: collé, être embourbé.

suspect: soupçonner, suspecter, suspect, se méfier. tame: dresser, apprivoiser, apprivoisé, dompter, docile. train: train, entraîner, dresser, rame, cortège, suite, clique, escorte, former. treason: trahison. trespass: atteinte, offense, entrée sans permission, empiéter. trick: artifice, truc, mystifier, astuce, tour, ruse. youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes.

William Shakespeare

117

VERNON. Deliver what you will, I'll say 'tis so. Here comes your cousin.% [Enter HOTSPUR and DOUGLAS; OFFICERS and SOLDIERS behind.] HOTSPUR. My uncle is return'd: deliver up My Lord of Westmoreland.--Uncle, what news? WORCESTER. The King will bid you battle presently. DOUGLAS. Defy him by the Lord Of Westmoreland. HOTSPUR. Lord Douglas, go you and tell him so. DOUGLAS. Marry, I shall, and very willingly. [Exit.] WORCESTER. There is no seeming mercy in the King. HOTSPUR. Did you beg any? God forbid! WORCESTER. I told him gently of our grievances, Of his oath-breaking; which he mended thus, By new-forswearing that he is forsworn: He calls us rebels, traitors; and will scourge With haughty arms this hateful name in us. [Re-enter DOUGLAS.] DOUGLAS. Arm, gentlemen; to arms! for I have thrown

French arms: bras, arme. battle: bataille, combat, lutte. beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier. bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. calls: appelle. comes: vient.

deliver: livrer, livre, livrons, livrez, livrent, livres, fournir, délivrer. forbid: interdire, interdis, interdisez, interdisent, interdisons, défendre, prohiber. gentlemen: messieurs. gently: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce, gentiment. god: dieu. hateful: odieux, haïssable. haughty: hautain, arrogant. mended: réparé.

mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle. presently: actuellement. rebels: rebelles. seeming: semblant, paraissant. thrown: jeté. uncle: oncle.

118

King Henry IV, Part I

A brave defiance in King Henry's teeth, And Westmoreland, that was engaged, did bear it; Which cannot choose but bring him quickly on.% WORCESTER. The Prince of Wales stepp'd forth before the King, And, nephew, challenged you to single fight. HOTSPUR. O, would the quarrel lay upon our heads; And that no man might draw short breath to-day But I and Harry Monmouth! Tell me, tell me, How show'd his tasking? seem'd it in contempt? VERNON. No, by my soul: I never in my life Did hear a challenge urged more modestly, Unless a brother should a brother dare To gentle exercise and proof of arms. He gave you all the duties of a man; Trimm'd up your praises with a princely tongue; Spoke your deservings like a chronicle; Making you ever better than his praise, By still dispraising praise valued with you; And, which became him like a prince indeed, He made a blushing cital of himself; And chid his truant youth with such a grace, As if he master'd there a double spirit, Of teaching and of learning instantly. There did he pause: but let me tell the world, If he outlive the envy of this day, England did never owe so sweet a hope, So much misconstrued in his wantonness.

French blushing: rougissant, rougeur. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. challenge: contester, disputer, récusation, défier. contempt: mépris. defiance: défi. duties: devoirs, responsabilités. engaged: engagé, engageai, engagea, engageâmes, engagèrent, engageas, engageâtes, occupé. envy: envie, envier, enviez, envions, envient, envies, jalousie.

exercise: exercice, exercer, instruire, levée, pratique. forth: en avant. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré. learning: apprenant, apprentissage, érudition, savoir. nephew: neveu. owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette. pause: pause, repos, trêve. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger.

princely: princier. proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise. soul: âme. tasking: attribution des missions. truant: vagabond. urged: exhorté. valued: estimé. wantonness: dévergondage, libertinage, gratuité.

William Shakespeare

119

HOTSPUR. Cousin, I think thou art enamoured Upon his follies: never did I hear Of any prince so wild o' liberty. But be he as he will, yet once ere night I will embrace him with a soldier's arm, That he shall shrink under my courtesy.-Arm, arm with speed: and, fellows, soldiers, friends, Better consider what you have to do Than I, that have not well the gift of tongue, Can lift your blood up with persuasion.% [Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My lord, here are letters for you. HOTSPUR. I cannot read them now.-O gentlemen, the time of life is short! To spend that shortness basely were too long, If life did ride upon a dial's point, Still ending at th' arrival of an hour. An if we live, we live to tread on kings; If die, brave death, when princes die with us! Now, for our consciences, the arms are fair, When the intent of bearing them is just. [Enter another MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My lord, prepare: the King comes on apace. HOTSPUR. I thank him, that he cuts me from my tale, For I profess not talking; only this,

French arrival: arrivée, arrivage, venue, fourniture, ravitaillement. basely: de manière base, de façon base. bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support. consider: considérer, considérons, considèrent, considérez, considère, considères, contempler, envisager, regarder. embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade,

embrassement, embrassent. ending: fin, bout, finissant. ere: avant, avant que. follies: folies. gift: cadeau, don. intent: intention. prepare: préparer, prépare, prépares, préparent, préparons, préparez, apprêter, apprête, apprêtes, apprêtez, apprêtons. profess: confesser, avouer, confessez, confessons, confesse, confesses,

confessent, professer, professons, professe, professent. shortness: fragilité, faible résistance au déchirement, manque, manque de longueur. shrink: rétrécir, se ratatiner, se racornir. talking: parlant, bavardage. tread: piétiner, bande de roulement, chape, giron, fouler aux pieds, faire les cent pas, semelle, marcher sur, fouler.

120

King Henry IV, Part I

Let each man do his best: and here draw I A sword, whose temper I intend to stain With the best blood that I can meet withal In the adventure of this perilous day. Now, Esperance! Percy! and set on. Sound all the lofty instruments of war, And by that music let us all embrace; For, Heaven to Earth, some of us never shall A second time do such a courtesy.% [The trumpets sound. They embrace, and exeunt.]

SCENE III. PLAIN BETWEEN THE CAMPS. [Excursions, and Parties fighting. Alarum to the battle. Then enter DOUGLAS and SIR WALTER BLUNT, meeting.] BLUNT. What is thy name, that in the battle thus Thou crossest me? what honour dost thou seek Upon my head? DOUGLAS. Know, then, my name is Douglas, And I do haunt thee in the battle thus Because some tell me that thou art a king. BLUNT. They tell thee true. DOUGLAS. The Lord of Stafford dear to-day hath bought Thy likeness; for, instead of thee, King Harry,

French adventure: aventure. battle: bataille, combat, lutte. blood: sang. dear: cher, coûteux. draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises. embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer

dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. fighting: combattant, combat. haunt: hanter, fréquenter. honour: honneur, honorer. instead: plutôt. instruments: appareillage. intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter, projettent, projette, projetons. likeness: ressemblance. lofty: haut, élevé.

perilous: périlleux. plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. temper: humeur, tremper, durcir, tempérament, trempe, tempérer, gâcher. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton.

William Shakespeare

121

This sword hath ended him: so shall it thee, Unless thou yield thee as my prisoner.% BLUNT. I was not born a yielder, thou proud Scot; And thou shalt find a king that will revenge Lord Stafford's death. [They fight, and BLUNT is slain. Enter HOTSPUR.] HOTSPUR. O Douglas, hadst thou fought at Holmedon thus, I never had triumphed o'er a Scot. DOUGLAS. All's done, all's won; here breathless lies the King. HOTSPUR. Where? DOUGLAS. Here. HOTSPUR. This, Douglas? no; I know this face full well: A gallant knight he was, his name was Blunt; Semblably furnish'd like the King himself. DOUGLAS. A fool go with thy soul, where're it goes! A borrow'd title hast thou bought too dear: Why didst thou tell me that thou wert a king? HOTSPUR. The King hath many marching in his coats. DOUGLAS. Now, by my sword, I will kill all his coats;

French born: né. bought: acheté. breathless: hors d'haleine, haletant, essoufflé. ended: terminé. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot,

duper, fou. fought: combattu, combattit, combattis. gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux. kill: tuer, abattre, supprimer, rectifier. knight: chevalier, cavalier. lies: git, ment. marching: marcher. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. slain: tué. soul: âme.

sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. won: gagnâmes, gagnèrent, gagnas, gagnai, gagna, gagnâtes, Gagné, remportèrent, remporta, remportai, remportâmes. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer. yielder: vérificateur à l'emballage.

122

King Henry IV, Part I

I'll murder all his wardrobe piece by piece, Until I meet the King.% HOTSPUR. Up, and away! Our soldiers stand full fairly for the day. [Exeunt.] [Alarums. Enter FALSTAFF.] FALSTAFF. Though I could 'scape shot-free at London, I fear the shot here; here's no scoring but upon the pate.--Soft! who are you? Sir Walter Blunt: there's honour for you! here's no vanity! I am as hot as molten lead, and as heavy too: God keep lead out of me! I need no more weight than mine own bowels. I have led my ragamuffins where they are peppered: there's not three of my hundred and fifty left alive; and they are for the town's end, to beg during life. But who comes here? [Enter PRINCE HENRY.] PRINCE. What, stand'st thou idle here? lend me thy sword: Many a nobleman lies stark and stiff Under the hoofs of vaunting enemies, Whose deaths are yet unrevenged: I pr'ythee, Lend me thy sword. FALSTAFF. O Hal, I pr'ythee give me leave to breathe awhile. Turk Gregory never did such deeds in arms as I have done this day. I have paid Percy, I have made him sure. PRINCE. He is indeed; and living to kill thee. I pr'ythee, lend me thy sword.

French alive: vivant, en vie. awhile: pendant quelque temps. beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier. bowels: intestins. deaths: morts. fairly: assez, relativement, équitablement, de façon foire, de manière foire. idle: inactif, fainéant, ralenti, au repos,

inoccupé, paresseux, fainéanter. molten: fondu. murder: assassiner, meurtre, assassinat, rectifier, crime de meurtre. nobleman: noble, seigneur. scoring: correction, cotation, action de rainer, évaluation, éraflure, évaluation par score, annonce de la marque, traçage, incisage, incision, buts. shot: tirâtes, tiras, tirèrent, tirâmes, tira, tirai, tiré, coup, tir, grenaille,

tirées. stark: rigide. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. turk: turc. vanity: vanité, futilité. weight: pesanteur, masse, balance, coefficient de pondération, charge, graisse.

William Shakespeare

123

FALSTAFF. Nay, before God, Hal, if Percy be alive, thou gett'st not my sword; but take my pistol, if thou wilt.% PRINCE. Give it me: what, is it in the case? FALSTAFF. Ay, Hal. 'Tis hot, 'tis hot: there's that will sack a city. [The PRINCE draws out a bottle of sack.] PRINCE. What, is't a time to jest and dally now? [Throws it at him, and exit.] FALSTAFF. Well, if Percy be alive, I'll pierce him. If he do come in my way, so; if he do not, if I come in his willingly, let him make a carbonado of me. I like not such grinning honour as Sir Walter hath: give me life; which if I can save, so; if not, honour comes unlooked for, and there's an end. [Exit.]

SCENE IV. ANOTHER PART OF THE FIELD. [Alarums. Excursions. Enter KING HENRY, PRINCE HENRY, LANCASTER, and WESTMORELAND.] KING. I pr'ythee, Harry, withdraw thyself; thou bleedest too much.-Lord John of Lancaster, go you unto him. LANCASTER. Not I, my lord, unless I did bleed too.

French alive: vivant, en vie. bleed: saigner, saigne, saignes, saignez, saignons, saignent, purger, purgent, purgeons, purges, purgez. bottle: bouteille, embouteiller, flacon. carbonado: carbonado. dally: lambiner, lanterner, lambine, lanternez, lanternes, lanternent, lanterne, lambinons, lambinez, lambinent, lanternons. draws: dessine, puise, appâte, trace. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez,

entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. excursions: promenades. grinning: clair, pouvoir opacifiant insuffisant, fendillement, manque de pouvoir couvrant par opacité. honour: honneur, honorer. jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie. pierce: percer, percez, perçons, perce, percent, perces, transpercer. pistol: pistolet.

sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thou: tu, vous, toi. willingly: volontiers, de manière volontaire, volontairement, de façon volontaire. withdraw: retirer, retire, retirent, retires, retirez, retirons, décéder, prélever.

124

King Henry IV, Part I

PRINCE. I do beseech your Majesty, make up, Lest your retirement do amaze your friends.% KING. I will do so.-My Lord of Westmoreland, lead him to his tent. WESTMORELAND. Come, my lord, I'll lead you to your tent. PRINCE. Lead me, my lord? I do not need your help: And God forbid, a shallow scratch should drive The Prince of Wales from such a field as this, Where stain'd nobility lies trodden on, And rebels' arms triumph in massacres! LANCASTER. We breathe too long:--come, cousin Westmoreland, Our duty this way lies; for God's sake, come. [Exeunt LANCASTER and WESTMORELAND.] PRINCE. By Heaven, thou hast deceived me, Lancaster; I did not think thee lord of such a spirit: Before, I loved thee as a brother, John; But now I do respect thee as my soul. KING. I saw him hold Lord Percy at the point With lustier maintenance than I did look for Of such an ungrown warrior. PRINCE. O, this boy

French amaze: étonner, étonne, étonnons, étonnent, étonnez, étonnes, stupéfier, abasourdis, abasourdissent. beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite. breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez. cousin: cousin, cousine. deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent,

trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai. duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe. field: champ, domaine, zone, trame, terrain, gisement. forbid: interdire, interdis, interdisez, interdisent, interdisons, défendre, prohiber. maintenance: entretien, maintenance, maintien, garde. nobility: noblesse.

rebels: rebelles. scratch: gratter, égratignure, griffer, éraflure, érafler, rayure, effacer en grattant, écorchure, accroc, griffe, raie. shallow: peu profond, superficiel. tent: tente. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. triumph: triomphe, triompher. trodden: très fréquentée. warrior: guerrier, militaire.

William Shakespeare

125

Lends mettle to us all! [Exit.] [Alarums. Enter DOUGLAS.] DOUGLAS. Another king! they grow like Hydra's heads: I am the Douglas, fatal to all those That wear those colours on them.--What art thou, That counterfeit'st the person of a king? KING. The King himself; who, Douglas, grieves at heart So many of his shadows thou hast met, And not the very King. I have two boys Seek Percy and thyself about the field: But, seeing thou fall'st on me so luckily, I will assay thee; so, defend thyself.% DOUGLAS. I fear thou art another counterfeit; And yet, in faith, thou bear'st thee like a king: But mine I'm sure thou art, whoe'er thou be, And thus I win thee. [They fight; the KING being in danger, re-enter PRINCE HENRY.] PRINCE. Hold up thy head, vile Scot, or thou art like Never to hold it up again! the spirits Of valiant Shirley, Stafford, Blunt are in my arms: It is the Prince of Wales that threatens thee; Who never promiseth but he means to pay.-[They fight: DOUGLAS flies.] Cheerly, my lord: how fares your Grace?

French assay: dosage, essai, analyse, essayer. colours: couleurs. danger: danger, péril. defend: défendre, défendent, défends, défendons, défendez. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. faith: foi. fatal: fatal, mortel. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse,

redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. grieves: afflige, chagrine, attriste. grow: croître, grandir, cultiver, grandis, grandissent, grandissez, grandissons, croissent, croîs, croissez, croissons. mettle: ardeur, fougue. mine: mine, mienne. seeing: voyant, sciant. shadows: ombres.

thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. threatens: menace. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. wear: usure, porter, avoir, user. win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez.

126

King Henry IV, Part I

Sir Nicholas Gawsey hath for succour sent, And so hath Clifton: I'll to Clifton straight.% KING. Stay, and breathe awhile: Thou hast redeem'd thy lost opinion; And show'd thou makest some tender of my life, In this fair rescue thou hast brought to me. PRINCE. O God, they did me too much injury That ever said I hearken'd for your death! If it were so, I might have let alone Th' insulting hand of Douglas over you, Which would have been as speedy in your end As all the poisonous potions in the world, And saved the treacherous labour of your son. KING. Make up to Clifton: I'll to Sir Nicholas Gawsey. [Exit.] [Enter HOTSPUR.] HOTSPUR. If I mistake not, thou art Harry Monmouth. PRINCE. Thou speak'st as if I would deny my name. HOTSPUR. My name is Harry Percy. PRINCE. Why, then I see A very valiant rebel of the name. I am the Prince of Wales; and think not, Percy, To share with me in glory any more:

French breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez. deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. insulting: insultant. mistake: erreur, faute, méprise, se tromper. poisonous: toxique, venimeux,

vénéneux. rebel: se révolter, rebelle, se rebeller. rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance. saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent. share: action, partager, part, participer, partie, prendre part, portion, contingent, diviser, débiter, parti aux bénéfices.

son: fils. speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain. succour: soulager, secourir. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. treacherous: traître, déloyal. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux.

William Shakespeare

127

Two stars keep not their motion in one sphere; Nor can one England brook a double reign, Of Harry Percy and the Prince of Wales.% HOTSPUR. Nor shall it, Harry; for the hour is come To end the one of us; and would to God Thy name in arms were now as great as mine! PRINCE. I'll make it greater ere I part from thee; And all the budding honours on thy crest I'll crop, to make a garland for my head. HOTSPUR. I can no longer brook thy vanities. [They fight.] [Enter FALSTAFF.] FALSTAFF. Well said, Hal! to it, Hal! Nay, you shall find no boy's play here, I can tell you. [Re-enter DOUGLAS; he fights with FALSTAFF, who falls down as if he were dead, and exit DOUGLAS. HOTSPUR is wounded, and falls.] HOTSPUR. O Harry, thou hast robb'd me of my youth! I better brook the loss of brittle life Than those proud titles thou hast won of me; They wound my thoughts worse than thy sword my flesh: But thoughts the slave of life, and life Time's fool, And Time, that takes survey of all the world, Must have a stop. O, I could prophesy, But that the earthy and cold hand of death Lies on my tongue: no, Percy, thou art dust,

French brittle: fragile, cassant, friable. brook: ruisseau. budding: bourgeonnement, greffage en écusson, écussonnage, bourgeonnant. crop: récolte, couper, jabot œsophagien, jabot, rogner. earthy: terreux. ere: avant, avant que. exit: sortie, issue, sortir, descendre, donner, aboutir, instruction de sortie. falls: tombe, abat, choit.

fights: combats. garland: guirlande. honours: honneurs. loss: perte, préjudice, déperdition, affaiblissement, sinistre, déchet, atténuation. motion: mouvement, motion, résolution, marche, requête. nay: non. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. slave: esclave, asservir. stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes,

arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons. survey: enquête, étude, levé, inspection, sondage, arpenter, campagne d'évaluation. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. titles: titres. tongue: langue, languette. wound: blessure, blesser, plaie. wounded: blessé, blessés.

128

King Henry IV, Part I

And %food for-[Dies.] PRINCE. For worms, brave Percy: fare thee well, great heart! Ill-weaved ambition, how much art thou shrunk! When that this body did contain a spirit, A kingdom for it was too small a bound; But now two paces of the vilest earth Is room enough. This earth that bears thee dead Bears not alive so stout a gentleman. If thou wert sensible of courtesy, I should not make so dear a show of zeal: But let my favours hide thy mangled face; And, even in thy behalf, I'll thank myself For doing these fair rites of tenderness. Adieu, and take thy praise with thee to Heaven! Thy ignominy sleep with thee in the grave, But not remember'd in thy epitaph!-[Sees FALSTAFF on the ground.] What, old acquaintance? could not all this flesh Keep in a little life? Poor Jack, farewell! I could have better spared a better man: O, I should have a heavy miss of thee, If I were much in love with vanity! Death hath not struck so fat a deer to-day, Though many dearer, in this bloody fray. Embowell'd will I see thee by-and-by: Till then in blood by noble Percy lie. [Exit.] FALSTAFF. [Rising.]

French acquaintance: connaissance, relation, personne de connaissance, abord. alive: vivant, en vie. ambition: ambition, souhait, aspiration. bears: ours. behalf: part. bloody: sanglant. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. contain: contenir, contiens, contenons, contenez, contiennent, renfermer, renfermons, renfermez, renferme,

renferment, renfermes. deer: cerf, chevreuil. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet. fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage. ignominy: ignominie. kingdom: royaume.

noble: noble, élevé. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. sensible: raisonnable, prudent, sensé. sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer. stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout. struck: frappé. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. worms: vers.

William Shakespeare

129

Embowell'd! if thou embowel me to-day, I'll give you leave to powder me and eat me too to-morrow. 'Sblood, 'twas time to counterfeit, or that hot termagant Scot had paid me scot and lot too. Counterfeit! I lie; I am no counterfeit: to die, is to be a counterfeit; for he is but the counterfeit of a man who hath not the life of a man: but to counterfeit dying, when a man thereby liveth, is to be no counterfeit, but the true and perfect image of life indeed. The better part of valour is discretion; in the which better part I have saved my life.-- Zwounds, I am afraid of this gunpowder Percy, though he be dead: how, if he should counterfeit too, and rise? by my faith, I am afraid he would prove the better counterfeit. Therefore I'll make him sure; yea, and I'll swear I kill'd him. Why may not he rise as well as I? Nothing confutes me but eyes, and nobody sees me. Therefore, sirrah, with a new wound in your thigh, come you along with me.% [Takes HOTSPUR on his back.] [Re-enter PRINCE HENRY and LANCASTER.] PRINCE. Come, brother John; full bravely hast thou flesh'd Thy maiden sword. LANCASTER. But, soft! whom have we here? Did you not tell me this fat man was dead? PRINCE. I did; I saw him dead, breathless and bleeding Upon the ground.-Art thou alive? or is it fantasy That plays upon our eyesight? I pr'ythee, speak; We will not trust our eyes without our ears. Thou art not what thou seem'st. FALSTAFF. No, that's certain; I am not a double man: but if I be not Jack Falstaff, then am

French bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage. bravely: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse. breathless: hors d'haleine, haletant, essoufflé. confutes: réfute. counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire, faux, contrefait. discretion: discrétion, prudence, précaution.

dying: mourant, décédant. eyesight: vue. fantasy: fantaisie, imagination, fantasme. gunpowder: poudre à canon, poudre. image: image, figure. lot: lot, sort. maiden: vierge, brin. nobody: personne, nul. plays: joue. powder: poudre, pulvériser, poudrer. rise: monter, lever, surgir, augmenter,

hausse, se lever, sursauter, montée, se soulever, élévation, augmentation. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. termagant: mégère. thereby: de ce fait, par ce moyen. thigh: cuisse. thou: tu, vous, toi. valour: courage, valeur, vaillance. wound: blessure, blesser, plaie. yea: oui.

130

King Henry IV, Part I

I a Jack. There is Percy! [Throwing the body down.] if your father will do me any honour, so; if not, let him kill the next Percy himself. I look to be either earl or duke, I can assure you.% PRINCE. Why, Percy I kill'd myself, and saw thee dead. FALSTAFF. Didst thou?-- Lord, Lord, how this world is given to lying!-- I grant you I was down and out of breath; and so was he: but we rose both at an instant, and fought a long hour by Shrewsbury clock. If I may be believed, so; if not, let them that should reward valour bear the sin upon their own heads. I'll take it upon my death, I gave him this wound in the thigh: if the man were alive, and would deny it, zwounds, I would make him eat a piece of my sword. LANCASTER. This is the strangest tale that ever I heard. PRINCE. This is the strangest fellow, brother John.-Come, bring your luggage nobly on your back: For my part, if a lie may do thee grace, I'll gild it with the happiest terms I have.-[A retreat is sounded.] The trumpet sounds retreat; the day is ours. Come, brother, let's to th' highest of the field, To see what friends are living, who are dead. [Exeunt PRINCE HENRY and LANCASTER.] FALSTAFF. I'll follow, as they say, for reward. He that rewards me, God reward him! If I do grow great, I'll grow less; for I'll purge, and leave sack, and live cleanly as a nobleman should do. [Exit, bearing off the body.]

French assure: assurer, assure, assures, assurons, assurez, assurent, certifier, garantir, garantis, garantissent, garantissez. bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support. cleanly: de manière propre, de façon propre, proprement. clock: horloge, pendule, générateur de rythme. duke: duc. gild: dorer, dore, dorons, dorez, dores,

dorent. happiest: le plus heureux. instant: instant, moment. luggage: bagage, colis, bagages. nobleman: noble, seigneur. nobly: noblement, de manière noble, de façon noble. purge: purger, affinier, purifier, purge. retreat: retraite, se retirer, décéder, recul, refuge. reward: récompenser, récompense. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier,

suspendre. sin: péché, pécher, commettre une faute. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. tale: conte, récit, relation. thee: toi, te, vous. thigh: cuisse. throwing: lancement. trumpet: trompette, barrir, trompeter. valour: courage, valeur, vaillance. wound: blessure, blesser, plaie.

William Shakespeare

131

SCENE V. ANOTHER PART OF THE FIELD.% [The trumpets sound. Enter KING HENRY, PRINCE HENRY, LANCASTER, WESTMORELAND, and others, with WORCESTER and VERNON prisoners.] KING. Thus ever did rebellion find rebuke.-Ill-spirited Worcester! did not we send grace, Pardon, and terms of love to all of you? And wouldst thou turn our offers contrary? Misuse the tenour of thy kinsman's trust? Three knights upon our party slain to-day, A noble earl, and many a creature else, Had been alive this hour, If, like a Christian, thou hadst truly borne Betwixt our armies true intelligence. WORCESTER. What I have done my safety urged me to; And I embrace this fortune patiently, Since not to be avoided it fails on me. KING. Bear Worcester to the death, and Vernon too: Other offenders we will pause upon.-[Exeunt WORCESTER and VERNON, guarded.] How goes the field? PRINCE. The noble Scot, Lord Douglas, when he saw The fortune of the day quite turn'd from him, The noble Percy slain, and all his men

French alive: vivant, en vie. avoided: évitâtes, évitas, évité, évitai, évitâmes, évitèrent, évita, esquiva, esquivâtes, esquivé, esquivas. creature: créature. earl: comte. embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis,

introduisons. fails: faut. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. intelligence: intelligence, renseignement. noble: noble, élevé. offenders: contrevenants. offers: offrit. pause: pause, repos, trêve. rebellion: rébellion, révolte. safety: sécurité, sûreté. send: envoyer, envoies, envoie,

envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. slain: tué. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement. urged: exhorté.

132

King Henry IV, Part I

Upon the foot of fear, fled with the rest; And, falling from a hill, he was so bruised That the pursuers took him. At my tent The Douglas is: and I beseech your Grace I may dispose of him.% KING. With all my heart. PRINCE. Then, brother John of Lancaster, to you This honourable bounty shall belong: Go to the Douglas, and deliver him Up to his pleasure, ransomless and free: His valour, shown upon our crests to-day, Hath taught us how to cherish such high deeds Even in the bosom of our adversaries. KING. Then this remains, that we divide our power.-You, son John, and my cousin Westmoreland, Towards York shall bend you with your dearest speed, To meet Northumberland and the prelate Scroop, Who, as we hear, are busily in arms: Myself,--and you, son Harry,--will towards Wales, To fight with Glendower and the Earl of March. Rebellion in this land shall lose his sway, Meeting the check of such another day; And since this business so fair is done, Let us not leave till all our own be won. [Exeunt.]

French bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser. beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite. bosom: sein, poitrine. bounty: prime, libéralité, générosité. busily: activement, de façon occupée, de manière occupée. cherish: chérir, chéris, chérissons,

chérissent, chérissez. cousin: cousin, cousine. deliver: livrer, livre, livrons, livrez, livrent, livres, fournir, délivrer. dispose: disposer, disposons, disposez, disposent, dispose, disposes. divide: diviser, divisent, divisez, divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons, partage. falling: tombant, chute, abattant,

choyant. fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai. honourable: honorable. prelate: prélat. taught: enseignas, enseignâtes, enseignai, enseigné, enseignèrent, enseigna, enseignâmes, instruisirent, instruit, instruisîtes, instruisis. valour: courage, valeur, vaillance.

William Shakespeare

133

GLOSSARY abominable: abominable, hideux, abject, odieux, horrible abroad: à l'étranger, dehors absence: absence, manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation absent: absent absolute: absolu, complet, inéluctable, absolue, immense, illimité, pur abundance: abondance, richesse, abondance chiffrée abuses: abuse accents: accentue accept: accepter, acceptez, acceptons, acceptent, accepte, acceptes, agréer, admettre, agréent, agréez, agréons accepted: accepté, acceptâmes, acceptai, accepta, acceptèrent, acceptas, acceptâtes, agréé, agréâmes, agréèrent, agréa accompanied: accompagné, accompagnâtes, accompagnas, accompagnai, accompagna, accompagnèrent, accompagnâmes account: compte, considérer, client, relation, rapport, croire, communication, description, être d'avis, addition, penser que accursed: maudit achieved: atteint, atteignirent, accomplis, atteignis, atteignit, atteignîmes, atteignîtes, accomplit, accomplîmes, accompli, accomplirent acknowledge: reconnaître, reconnaissez, reconnais, reconnaissent, reconnaissons, croire, avouer, confesser, confirmer acquaintance: connaissance, relation, personne de connaissance, abord adam: Adam addition: addition, ajout, adjonction, appendice, rajout, extension adieu: adieu admiral: amiral admiring: admirant, admiratif adopted: adopté, adoptas, adoptâtes,

adoptâmes, adopta, adoptèrent, adoptai, adoptif advantage: avantage, intérêt adventure: aventure adventurous: aventureux, périlleux advertisement: annonce, réclame, publicité, annonce publicitaire advised: conseillé advisedly: délibérément, de manière conseillée, de façon conseillée, en connaissance de cause afar: loin affable: affable, aimable, gentil, amène affairs: affaires afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé agreement: accord, convention, pacte, concordance, entente, atmosphère, accommodement, arrangement, réglage, contrat agrees: consent ah: ah aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance air: air, aérer, mélodie, air de musique, aria, ventiler alas: hélas, malheureusement ale: bière alien: étranger, hideux, contradictoire, abominable, abject, opposé, odieux, horrible alive: vivant, en vie allegiance: allégeance alone: seul, seulement along: le long de aloof: distant altar: autel altogether: tout, tout à fait, entièrement amaze: étonner, étonne, étonnons, étonnent, étonnez, étonnes, stupéfier, abasourdis, abasourdissent amazed: étonné, étonnèrent, étonnâtes, étonnas, étonnai, étonna, étonnâmes, abasourdi, abasourdie, abasourdirent

ambition: ambition, souhait, aspiration amend: amender, amende, amendes, amendent, amendez, amendons, modifier, réformer amendment: amendement, modification, avenant, rectification amongst: parmi anchovies: anchois ancient: antique, ancien angel: ange anger: colère angers: angers angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux anointed: enduisirent, enduit, enduisîtes, enduisîmes, enduisis, enduisit, oint, étalas, étala, oignîtes, étalai answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique answerable: susceptible de réponse, garant, responsible, responsable answered: répondue, répondis, répondu, répondus, répondues, répondit answers: répond antic: cabriole, bouffonnerie apartment: appartement apparent: évident, apparent appears: apparaît applaud: applaudir, applaudissent, applaudis, applaudissez, applaudissons, acclamer, acclamons, acclamez, acclames, acclament, acclame appoint: nommer, nomment, nomme, nommons, nommez, nommes, désigner, appointer appointed: nomma, nommèrent, nommâtes, nommas, nommâmes, nommai, nommé appointment: nomination, rencontre apprehends: appréhende approve: approuver, approuve, approuves, approuvez, approuvent, approuvons, donner son accord approved: approuvé, approuvâtes,

134 approuvas, approuva, approuvai, approuvâmes, approuvèrent, homologué archbishop: archevêque archdeacon: archidiacre argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme armed: armé arms: bras, arme arras: arras arrival: arrivée, arrivage, venue, fourniture, ravitaillement art: art ashamed: honteux aside: de côté, aparté, excepté ask: demander, demande, demandent, demandons, demandez, demandes, poser une question, prier asleep: endormi assay: dosage, essai, analyse, essayer assistance: assistance, aide assure: assurer, assure, assures, assurons, assurez, assurent, certifier, garantir, garantis, garantissent, garantissez athwart: en travers, en travers de attend: être présent, assister, soigner, visiter, soignons, assiste, assistes, assistez, assistons, soigne, soignent attract: attirer, allécher, attires, attire, attirent, attirez, attirons, allèches, allèche, alléchez, allèchent attribution: attribution, acte attributif audience: audience, auditoire auditor: commissaire aux comptes, auditeur, réviseur, vérificateur aunt: tante avoided: évitâtes, évitas, évité, évitai, évitâmes, évitèrent, évita, esquiva, esquivâtes, esquivé, esquivas awhile: pendant quelque temps bachelors: célibataires backing: aval, support, dos bacon: lard, bacon, lard fumé bad: mauvais, méchant, mal baffle: déflecteur, chicane, cloison, baffle, déflecteur acoustique, écran, écran acoustique bagpipe: cornemuse bakers: boulangers bald: chauve ball: bal, balle, ballon, bille, pelote, globe, sphère, boule, boulette ballads: ballades bangor: ardoise de Bangor banish: bannir banks: talus, banques banns: bans bare: nu, dénudé, mettre à nu bareness: nudité

King Henry IV, Part I bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché barn: grange, échoppe, kiosque, stand, baraque, étable, barn barren: stérile, aride, infertile base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder basely: de manière base, de façon base bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud bate: confiter, confit, diminuer, diminuent, diminuons, rabattez, rabattent, rabats, rabattons, diminues, diminue battle: bataille, combat, lutte beads: perle beans: noisette bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter beard: barbe beardless: imberbe bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support bears: ours beast: bête, animal, grosse fusée beastliness: bestialité beastly: bestial, brutal beat: battement, battre, frapper, heurter, temps, rythme beaten: battu, abattue, abattues, battue beauty: beauté beaver: castor bed: lit, planche, couche, banc bedtime: heure du coucher beef: boeuf beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier begets: engendre beggarly: misérable beginning: début, commençant, commencement, débutant, inauguration begins: commence, débute beguile: séduire behalf: part behaviour: comportement, procédé behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir beholding: apercevant, remarquant, voyant belie: démentir believed: cru, crûtes, crut, crurent, crûmes, crus belly: ventre, panse, abdomen benches: bancs

bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser bent: courbé, courbe, courbai, disposition, cambrai, penché beseech: implorer, implore, implorent, implores, implorez, implorons, solliciter, sollicitez, sollicites, sollicitons, sollicite beside: près de, chez, tous près de, parmi, à côté de, à, au bord de, sur besides: en outre, hormis, d'ailleurs, sauf, en prime, et puis, de plus, outre bespoke: fait sur mesure bestride: enjambe, enjambons, enjambez, enjambent, enjambes, enjamber betwixt: entre beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier beyond: plus loin, après, outre, ensuite bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères bide: attendre, attendent, attendez, attendons, attends bigger: plus grand bishops: évêques bit: bit, morceau, pièce, fragment, mors, pan, bout, embout, taillant, mordis, mordit bitter: amer, âcre, acerbe blackberries: les mûres bladder: vessie, vésicule, bulle blame: blâme, reprocher, gronder, blâmer, sermonner, réprimander, reprendre bleed: saigner, saigne, saignes, saignez, saignons, saignent, purger, purgent, purgeons, purges, purgez bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons blessed: béni, bénis, bénîtes, bénirent, bénit, bénîmes, bienheureux blind: aveugle, éblouir, aveugler, store, éblouissons, aveuglez, aveuglent, éblouissez, aveugles, éblouissent, éblouis blood: sang bloodily: de façon sanglante, de manière sanglante bloody: sanglant blow: coup, souffler, bataille, souffler sur, souffle blown: soufflé blows: coups, souffle

William Shakespeare blunt: émoussé, émousser, épointer blushing: rougissant, rougeur blustering: fanfaron boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter bodies: corps bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide boldly: de manière grasse, de façon grasse, hardiment bombard: bombarder, bombardent bombast: grandiloquence bonds: obligations books: livres boots: bottes booty: butin bore: ennuyer, percer, forer, alésage, lasser, rencontrer, toucher, vrille, calibre, fatiguer born: né borrowed: emprunté bosom: sein, poitrine bottle: bouteille, embouteiller, flacon bottom: fond, derrière, cul, croupe, bas, dessous, inférieur bought: acheté bound: bond, lié, limite, relié bounds: bornes bounty: prime, libéralité, générosité bowels: intestins boy: garçon, gosse, serviteur, domestique, gamin boys: garçons brain: cerveau, cervelle brave: courageux, vaillant, brave bravely: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse brawling: rixe brawn: fromage de tête, hure brazen: effronté bread: pain break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture breaker: brisant, interrupteur, concasseur, casseur, briseur, broyeur, rupteur breakfast: petit déjeuner, déjeuner, le petit déjeuner breaking: rupture, broyage, fracture, floculation, brisement breaks: brise, casse, rompt breast: poitrine, sein, mamelle, front de taille breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez breathed: respiras, respirâtes, respirèrent, respira, respiré, respirâmes, respirai breathes: respire

breathless: hors d'haleine, haletant, essoufflé breed: race, élever, éduquer bridegroom: jeune marié, marié bright: clair, lumineux, luisant, brillant, vif, magnifique, éclatant bring: apporter, apportons, apportes, apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez bringing: apportant, amenant brisk: vif, actif, alerte, vigilant bristle: soie, crin, poil bristol: bristol brittle: fragile, cassant, friable broken: cassé, brisé, rompu brook: ruisseau brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère brothers: frères brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas brow: sourcil, front brown: brun, marron, dorer, brune, brunir, faire revenir, faire dorer, rissoler bruise: contusion, meurtrissure, écrasement, contusionner, coup, ecchymose, accroc, amorce étoilée, bleu, blessure, bosse bruising: meurtrissure, écrasement bubbles: bulle, porosité buckram: bougran budding: bourgeonnement, greffage en écusson, écussonnage, bourgeonnant budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons buff: polir, polis, polissent, polissez, polissons, peau de buffle, buffle, feutre à polir bunch: bouquet, botte, paquet, tas burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure burnt: brûlé busily: activement, de façon occupée, de manière occupée butler: maître d'hôtel butter: beurre, beurrer buy: acheter, achat, acquérir call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale calling: appelant, appel calls: appelle calm: calme, tranquille, calmer, abattre, paisible, quiet, rassurer, repos, accalmie, tranquilliser camomile: camomille

135 camp: camp, camper, campement camps: campe candle: bougie, chandelle, cierge candy: bonbon, candi, friandise, confire canker: cancer, chancre, ulcère cannon: canon cantle: troussequin canvas: canevas, toile cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle cape: cap, cape capon: chapon captain: capitaine, commandant, capitaine de vaisseau carbonado: carbonado carded: fixé sur carte carriage: wagon, chariot, voiture, affût carried: portâtes, portas, porté, porta, portèrent, portâmes, portai, transportèrent, transportâmes, transportas, transporté carrier: porteur, porteuse, chariot, entraîneur, support carries: porte, transporte cart: charrette, chariot, char carve: ciseler, tailler, taillons, cisèlent, taillez, cisèle, ciselez, tailles, cisèles, ciselons, taillent cast: fondre, moule, coulée, couler, distribution, acteurs, plâtre castle: château, tour, château fort cat: chat, rosse, mégère, peau de vache catch: attraper, attrape, attrapes, attrapons, attrapent, attrapez, prise, prenez, prends, prenons, prennent catching: attrapant, prenant, capturant, accroche, frappant cause: cause, causer, faire, rendre, déterminer, procurer, entraîner des conséquences, situer, occasionner, motif cavil: chicaner certainly: certainement, certes, assurément, sûrement, d'abord, si, de manière certaine, de façon certaine cess: taxe parafiscale chair: chaise, siège, chaire challenge: contester, disputer, récusation, défier chamberlain: chambellan chance: hasard, chance, accidentel, occasion changing: changeant, changement channel: canal, tube, chenal, voie, tuyau, voie de transmission, canal radioélectrique, conduit, la Manche, canaliser, chaîne

136 charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement charged: chargé chase: chasser, pourchasser, poursuivre, chasse, pousser, faire avancer chaste: chaste, continent, pur, pudique chat: bavarder, bavardage, causerie, conversation, babiller, babil, babillage, causer cheap: bon marché, abordable check: chèque, vérifier, contrôle, contrôler, vérification, bride, enrayer, surveiller, réprimer, retenir, cocher cheek: joue, la joue, chape cheeks: joues cheerful: gai, joyeux cheese: fromage, enroulement cylindrique à flancs droits cherish: chérir, chéris, chérissons, chérissent, chérissez chewed: mâché, mâchai, mâchâmes, mâchèrent, mâcha, mâchas, mâchâtes chides: réprimande chief: chef, principal, dominant chiefly: principalement, surtout, particulièrement, de façon chef, de manière chef chimney: cheminée chin: menton choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes chops: bouches christendom: chrétienté christian: chrétien churlish: grossier circumstance: circonstance cities: villes civil: civil claim: créance, réclamer, revendication, demande, demander, exiger, revendiquer, requérir clamorous: bruyant cleanly: de manière propre, de façon propre, proprement clock: horloge, pendule, générateur de rythme close: fermer, ferment, ferme, fermons, fermez, fermes, proche, près, auprès, intime, prochaine closer: clausoir, clé de voûte, dispositif de fermeture, piqueur closing: fermant, fermeture, clôture, enclenchement cloth: tissu, étoffe, toile, linge, chiffon cloudy: nuageux

King Henry IV, Part I coat: manteau, enduire, pardessus, couche, capote, paletot, pelage, enrober, napper coin: pièce de monnaie coinage: frappe de monnaie, numéraire, système monétaire d'un pays, néographie, monnayage, monnaie cold: froid, rhume colic: colique colossus: colosse colour: couleur, teinte, colorier, colorant colours: couleurs colt: poulain comes: vient comet: comète comfort: confort, consoler, consolation, réconfort, réconforter coming: venant command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande commenced: Commencé, commencèrent, commença, commençai, commençâmes, commenças, commençâtes commendation: louange, recommandation commends: recommande, glorifie committed: commis, commit, commîtes, commirent, commîmes, engagé commodity: denrée, marchandise, article, produit, produit de base common: commun, ordinaire, vulgaire commonwealth: commonwealth companion: compagnon, camarade, compagne, accompagnateur comparative: comparatif compass: boussole, compas complaints: plaintes compound: composé, combiné, composant compulsion: contrainte, compulsion comrades: camarades conclude: conclure, concluez, concluent, concluons, conclus, terminer conclusion: conclusion, résultat conduct: conduire, conduite, guider, diriger, mener, aboutir, procédé, régler conference: conférence confess: confesser, avouer, confessent, confessons, confessez, confesses, confesse, avouent, avouons, avoues, avoue confident: confiant, assuré confound: confondre, déconcerter

confusion: confusion, désordre, confusion mentale, affolement confutes: réfute conjunction: conjonction, intersection conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures conquest: conquête conscience: conscience consider: considérer, considérons, considèrent, considérez, considère, considères, contempler, envisager, regarder consists: consiste constant: constant, continuel, constante, invariable, perpétuel, permanent contagious: contagieux contain: contenir, contiens, contenons, contenez, contiennent, renfermer, renfermons, renfermez, renferme, renferment, renfermes contempt: mépris content: contenu, satisfait contented: content, satisfait contention: contention, conflit, assertion continent: continent continually: continuellement, de manière continuelle, de façon continuelle continuance: continuation contracted: contracté converse: intervenir, converser convey: transmettre copper: cuivre cords: cordes corinthian: corinthien corpse: cadavre, corps corpulent: épais, gros, corpulent correction: correction, rectification corrupt: corrompu, corrompre corruption: corruption couching: trempe complémentaire, broderie sur fils couchés counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur countenance: encourager counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire, faux, contrefait counterpoise: contrepoids courage: courage, abattage course: cours, plat, route, parcours, direction, trivial, leçon, piste, met, course, assise courses: cours, téléuniversité courtesy: courtoisie cousin: cousin, cousine coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron cowardly: lâche craft: embarcation, métier, artisanat,

William Shakespeare engin crafty: astucieux cranking: ventilation du réacteur, brassage cream: crème, écrémer creature: créature credit: crédit, créditer crept: rampa, rampèrent, rampâtes, rampas, rampai, rampâmes, rampé crest: crête, sommet cried: pleuré cries: pleure crisp: croquant, croustillant crop: récolte, couper, jabot œsophagien, jabot, rogner cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez crossings: croisements crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer crowned: couronné cruelty: cruauté, sévices crush: piler, écraser, broyer, briser, foule, réduire en miettes, fracasser, presse, écrasement, aplatir cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir crying: pleurer cuckoo: coucou cudgel: trique, gourdin cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie cup: tasse, coupe, godet cups: cuillères curb: brider, gourmette, bordure, collerette, bordure de trottoir, rouet curbs: bride current: courant, en cours curtsy: révérence cushion: coussin, coussinet cut: couper, coupure, trancher, tailler, hacher, coupé, coupe, découper, balafre, tondre, réduction cuts: coupures, coupes, chutes, coupe dagger: poignard, dague dally: lambiner, lanterner, lambine, lanternez, lanternes, lanternent, lanterne, lambinons, lambinez, lambinent, lanternons dame: demoiselle noble, dame danger: danger, péril dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable dank: humide dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant dark: foncé, sombre, obscur, obscurité, noir

darkness: obscurité, ténèbres date: date, datte, dater, rencontre daub: croûte, barbouiller, tache daughter: fille, la fille dead: mort deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte deal: distribuer, dispenser, affaire, traiter, transaction, bois blanc dealt: opéré dear: cher, coûteux dearly: de manière chère, de façon chère deaths: morts debt: dette, créance, endettement deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent, trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai deed: acte, action deep: profond deer: cerf, chevreuil defend: défendre, défendent, défends, défendons, défendez defiance: défi defile: col, violer, défilé, viole, violons, violez, violes, violent defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque degenerate: dégénéré, dégénérer, dégénérez, dégénérons, dégénèrent, dégénères, dégénère, s'abâtardir delay: retard, délai, retarder, différer, ajourner, sursis, suspendre, renvoyer, reculer deliver: livrer, livre, livrons, livrez, livrent, livres, fournir, délivrer delivered: livré, livrâmes, livra, livrèrent, livrai, livrâtes, livras demand: demande, exiger, demander, abattement, puissance, revendication, exigence denier: denier deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier departure: départ, disparition deposed: destitué, déposas, destituèrent, destituâtes, destituas, destituâmes, destituai, destitua, déposèrent, déposâtes, déposâmes deprived: privé, dépouillas, privâtes, privas, privâmes, privai, priva, dépouillèrent, dépouillâtes, privèrent, dépouillâmes deputation: députation descend: descendre, descendons, descendent, descendez, descends, baisser, s'abaisser deserts: déserte desired: désiré

137 desperate: désespéré detested: détesté, détestâmes, détestai, détestèrent, détesta, détestas, détestâtes detraction: détraction device: dispositif, appareil, périphérique, organe, engin devices: dispositifs devil: diable devils: diables dexterity: dextérité, adresse die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes died: mort, moururent, mourûmes, mourut, mourus, mourûtes, décédai, décédâtes, décédé, décédas, décédâmes diet: diète, régime, alimentation, régime alimentaire difference: différence, divergence, différend dignity: dignité dinner: dîner, déjeuner, souper direct: direct, diriger, guider, droit, régler directed: dirigé direction: direction, sens, orientation discarded: laissé de côté, supprimé, mis au rebut discharge: décharge, congé, décharger, renvoyer, déchargement, débit, acquittement, écoulement, licencier, partir, quitus discretion: discrétion, prudence, précaution disguises: déguise, déguisements dish: plat, mets, met, cuvette, assiette, bomber dishonour: déshonorer dishonourable: déshonorant dislike: détester, antipathie, déteste, détestent, détestes, détestez, détestons, dédaigner disobedience: désobéissance displease: déplaire displeasing: déplaisant, mécontentant dispose: disposer, disposons, disposez, disposent, dispose, disposes disposed: disposé, disposâmes, disposèrent, disposai, disposa, disposâtes, disposas dissolutely: de façon dissolue, de manière dissolue distance: distance, éloignement ditty: chansonnette dive: plonger, plongeon, plongée, piqué, plonge dives: plonge

138 divide: diviser, divisent, divisez, divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons, partage divided: divisé, divisai, divisa, divisèrent, divisâmes, divisâtes, divisas, partageâtes, partagèrent, partagea, partagé division: division, partage, section doff: levée, lever, enlever dog: chien, clébard, toc dogs: griffes médianes, griffes de serrage doom: ruine doors: portes double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie doublet: doublet doubt: doute, douter doubtful: incertain, douteux doubtless: sans aucun doute dozen: douzaine draff: drèche dragon: dragon draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises drawer: tiroir, tireur, dessinateur drawers: caleçon, culotte, tiroirs drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé draws: dessine, puise, appâte, trace dread: crainte, redouter dreamer: rêveur dreamt: rêvé drench: tremper dried: sec, séché drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer drinking: buvant drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses driving: conduite, conduisant, poussant, pourchassant, pilotant, actionnant drone: drone, bourdon droop: pendre, retomber, abattement, affaissement drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser, baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir drove: conduisirent, conduisîtes, poussèrent, poussâtes, poussas, poussâmes, poussai, poussa, conduisit, conduisis, conduisîmes drowned: noyé, noya, noyèrent, noyâmes, noyai, noyâtes, noyas drowsed: somnolé, somnolèrent, somnolâtes, somnolas, somnolâmes,

King Henry IV, Part I somnolai, somnola drum: tambour, fût drums: batterie drunk: ivre, bu, soûl drunkard: ivrogne dry: sec, sécher, sèche duck: canard, cane, coutil due: dû duke: duc dukedom: duché dull: terne, mat, obtus, abêtir, bébête, sot, ennuyeux, monotone duties: devoirs, responsabilités duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe dwindle: diminuer dying: mourant, décédant ear: oreille, épi earl: comte earnest: sérieux ears: oreilles earthy: terreux ease: aise, soulager, aisance, facilité easily: facilement, aisément, de manière facile, de façon facile east: est, orient easy: facile eat: manger, mangez, mangent, mangeons, mange, manges, déjeuner eating: mangeant ebb: reflux, marée descendante, jusant, refluer edge: bord, rive, lisière, arête, bordure, tranche, affiler, carre, rebord egg: oeuf eggs: les oeufs eight: huit elbow: coude eldest: aîné eleven: onze eleventh: onzième ell: aune eloquence: éloquence elsewhere: ailleurs, autre part embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent emptied: vidé empty: vide, vider, vidanger encounter: rencontre, rencontrer, rencontrons, rencontrent, rencontrez, rencontres, abord ended: terminé ending: fin, bout, finissant ends: finit endure: endurer, supporter, endurez, endurent, supportent, supportons, endurons, supportez, supportes, endure, endures endured: supporta, enduré,

supportèrent, endura, endurâmes, endurèrent, supportâmes, supportai, endurai, supporté, enduras enemy: ennemi enforced: imposé, forcé, réalisâtes, imposa, réalisé, réalisas, réalisâmes, réalisai, imposèrent, imposâtes, imposas engage: engager, engagez, engagent, engageons, engages, engage, engrener engaged: engagé, engageai, engagea, engageâmes, engagèrent, engageas, engageâtes, occupé english: anglais, langue anglaise engross: grossoyer, absorber, grossoyez, grossoyons, grossoies, grossoient, grossoie enlargement: agrandissement, accroissement enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons enterprise: entreprise entertain: distraire, divertir, régaler, distraient, distrais, distrayez, distrayons, abriter, divertis, divertissons, divertissez entrance: admission entrap: prendre au piège entreat: implorer, supplier, supplie, supplions, suppliez, supplies, implorons, implorez, implores, implorent, implore envy: envie, envier, enviez, envions, envient, envies, jalousie equals: égale equity: équité, capitaux propres ere: avant, avant que essentially: essentiellement, de manière essentielle, de façon essentielle estimation: estimation etc: etc europe: Europe evening: soir, soirée evenly: également, de manière même, de façon même everlasting: éternel, perpétuel, permanent, interminable, infini, immortelle, inusable exact: exact, juste examine: examiner, examines, examine, examinent, examinons, examinez, explorer, fouiller, fouille, fouillent, fouilles exceeding: dépassant, excédant, maîtrisant, outrepassant exceedingly: extrêmement, de manière excédante, de façon excédante

William Shakespeare excellent: excellent exchange: échange, central, échanger, change, commutateur, centrale, troquer, bourse exchequer: échiquier, Trésor public excursions: promenades excuse: excuser, dispenser, excuse, pardonner, excusez execute: exécuter, exécute, exécutes, exécutez, exécutons, exécutent, effectuer, accomplir exercise: exercice, exercer, instruire, levée, pratique exhaled: exhalèrent, exhala, exhalâmes, exhalas, exhalâtes, exhalai, exhalé exit: sortie, issue, sortir, descendre, donner, aboutir, instruction de sortie expectation: espérance, expectative, espérance mathématique expedience: convenance expedition: expédition experiments: expérimente exploit: exploiter extempore: impromptu extenuation: circonstances atténuantes, excuse atténuante extraordinary: extraordinaire, prodigieux, formidable, singulier extreme: extrême extremities: extrémités eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas eyelids: paupières eyesight: vue factor: facteur, coefficient, élément, commissionnaire, agent, affactureur fail: échouer, avorter, faillir, manquer, rater fails: faut faint: faible, s'évanouir, défaillir fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal fairly: assez, relativement, équitablement, de façon foire, de manière foire fairy: fée, lutin faith: foi fall: chute, tomber, tombes, tombe, tombez, tombons, tombent, baisse, choir, s'abaisser, s'amoindrir fallen: tombé, déchu, abattu, chu falling: tombant, chute, abattant, choyant falls: tombe, abat, choit false: faux, perfide, feint falsehood: mensonge falsify: falsifier, falsifies, falsifie, falsifions, falsifient, falsifiez, fausser, faussent, faussons, fausses, fausse fan: ventilateur, éventail, souffler sur fantasy: fantaisie, imagination,

fantasme fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet farewell: adieu fashion: mode, façon fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais fatal: fatal, mortel fault: défaut, panne, faute, faille, erreur faulty: défectueux, en panne favour: faveur, grâce, service, complaisance, favoriser fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur feared: craint fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux fearfully: de manière effrayante, de façon effrayante fearing: craignant fears: craintes fed: alimentas, alimentâtes, alimenté, alimentâmes, alimentai, alimentèrent, alimenta, nourrit, nourris, nourrirent, nourrîtes feed: alimenter, alimente, alimentes, alimentent, alimentons, alimentez, nourrir, nourrissons, nourris, nourrissent, nourrissez feeding: alimentant, nourrissant, alimentation, affouragement feeds: alimente, nourrit feeling: sentiment, palpant, sentant, tâtant, ressentant fell: tombas, tombâtes, tomba, tombai, tombèrent, tombâmes, abattre, chus, chûtes, abattîtes, abattit fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle fellowship: camaraderie fertile: fécond, fertile, fruitier fetches: amène, apporte few: peu, peu de fewer: moins fickle: inconstant field: champ, domaine, zone, trame, terrain, gisement fields: champs fiend: démon fiery: ardent, fougueux fife: fifre fifty: cinquante fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter fighter: combattant, chasseur, batailleur, avion de chasse fighting: combattant, combat fights: combats figures: figure fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer,

139 emplir, remblai filthy: sale, dégoûtant, crasseux fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention finger: doigt, tâter fingers: doigts fire: feu, incendie, tirer, licencier, renvoyer, le feu, partir, suspendre fish: poisson, pêcher flat: plat, appartement, aplati, bémol, uni, mat flatly: de manière plate, de façon plate flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez fleas: puces fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai fleece: toison, tondre, polaire flesh: chair, pulpe flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor flock: troupeau, bourre, tontisse, flocon, floc flood: inondation, inonder, flot, combler, submerger, marée montante, marée haute, abreuver, noyer, crue, déluge flow: couler, flux, courant, écoulement, s'écouler, circulation, débit, jaillir, flot flower: fleur, fleurir fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant flying: volant foil: fleuret, feuille de métal, clinquant, feuille, feuille mince, déjouer, aile portante, feuillard, racle d'égouttage follies: folies follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon followed: suivîtes, suivi, suivîmes, suivit, suivis, suivirent food: nourriture, aliment, alimentation, pâture, aliments fool: imbécile, sot, mystifier, idiot, duper, fou foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied footing: pied, semelle forbid: interdire, interdis, interdisez, interdisent, interdisons, défendre, prohiber force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance, contrainte, faire accepter forced: forcé forces: force

140 foresee: prévoir, prévoyez, prévoient, prévoyons, prévois forfeited: perdu, forfaite, forfaites, forfaits forged: forgé, contrefait forgetful: distrait, oublieux forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons forgot: oubliâtes, oublias, oubliai, oublièrent, oubliâmes, oublia forgotten: oublié forswear: abjurer, abjure, abjures, abjurent, abjurons, abjurez forsworn: abjuré forth: en avant fortnight: quinzaine fortunate: heureux, chanceux fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin forty: quarante forward: en avant, avancer, avant forwarding: expédition fought: combattu, combattit, combattis foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir foundation: fondation, base, fondement, fond, assise fourteen: quatorze fourth: quatrième, quart, quarte fowl: volaille, poule fox: renard frailty: fragilité frame: cadre, trame, châssis, image, encadrer, carcasse, charpente, membrure, couple, bâti, cadrer framed: encadré france: France, la France fray: s'effilocher fresh: frais fretful: agité friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade friends: amis friendship: amitié, camaraderie front: front, devant, avant, face frontier: frontière, limite frontiers: frontières frosty: glacial fruit: fruit, fruits furious: furieux gage: calibre, jauge gait: démarche, allure, marche gall: bile, fiel, amer, galle gallant: vaillant, brave, galant, courageux gallantly: de manière vaillante, de façon vaillante gallows: potence, gibet gammon: jambon salé fumé gape: béer, badauder, bayer aux corneilles, bâiller

King Henry IV, Part I garland: guirlande garlic: ail garment: vêtement, habit garments: vêtements, habits garters: jarretières gash: entaille, balafre gaunt: désolé, désert, sombre, morne, maigre, angulaire, mince, maussade, décharné, mélancolique gelding: cheval hongre, hongre gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré gentleman: monsieur, gentilhomme gentlemen: messieurs gently: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce, gentiment giddy: étourdi gift: cadeau, don gild: dorer, dore, dorons, dorez, dores, dorent ginger: gingembre girdle: ceinture, gaine giving: donnant, offrant, aboulant glad: joyeux, content, heureux glittering: éclat, scintillant glorious: glorieux, fameux glory: gloire, renommée, réputation goats: caprins, chèvres god: dieu goes: va gold: or golden: doré, en or, d'or gone: allé, parti, allés gong: gong goodly: de façon bonne, de manière bonne goose: oie gorgeous: magnifique governed: gouvernâtes, gouvernas, gouverné, gouvernèrent, gouvernai, gouvernâmes, gouverna, régnâmes, régna, régnèrent, régné gown: robe, toge grace: grâce, charme gracious: gracieux grafted: greffé, greffées, greffai, greffâmes, greffée grandam: deuxième mère grandfather: aïeul grant: subvention, allocation, allouer, concession, concéder grapple: attraper, capturer, grappin, saisir grate: grille, râper, grincer, crisser gravely: gravement, de manière tombe, de façon tombe gravity: pesanteur, gravité, gravitation greasy: gras, graisseux greatness: grandeur green: vert grey: gris greyhound: lévrier

grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur grieves: afflige, chagrine, attriste grievous: douloureux, cruel griffin: griffon grinning: clair, pouvoir opacifiant insuffisant, fendillement, manque de pouvoir couvrant par opacité gripe: indication d'incident, rouspéter, ronchonner groans: gémissements gross: brut grossly: de manière brute, de façon brute, grossièrement ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse, échouer, motif grove: bosquet grow: croître, grandir, cultiver, grandis, grandissent, grandissez, grandissons, croissent, croîs, croissez, croissons grown: crû, grandi grows: grandit, croît guess: deviner, supposer, supposition guests: invités guilty: coupable gull: mouette, leurre flottant, goéland gunpowder: poudre à canon, poudre gurnet: grondin habits: mode de vie, habitudes hack: hacher, hachent, haches, hachez, hachons, hache, tailler, rainette hair: cheveux, cheveu, poil, chevelure hairs: cheveux hall: hall, salle, couloir, vestibule halter: licol hands: mains hang: pendre, suspendre, retomber, accrocher, faisander hanging: pendaison, suspension, suspendu, pendre, mise à la pente hangman: bourreau happiest: le plus heureux happily: heureusement, de manière heureuse, de façon heureuse happy: heureux, joyeux, content hard: dur, difficile, pénible hare: lièvre harm: nuire, préjudice, mal, tort, endommager harmless: inoffensif, anodin, innocent harness: harnais, atteler, aménager, harnachement, capter, harnacher harry: harceler harsh: vulgaire, rude, dur, acerbe, grossier, maussade, rustique, âpre, astringent haste: hâte hastily: à la hâte, hâtivement, de manière précipitée, de façon précipitée, précipitamment

William Shakespeare hate: haïr, haine, détester hated: détesté hateful: odieux, haïssable haughtiness: arrogance, hauteur haughty: hautain, arrogant haunt: hanter, fréquenter haunting: hanter havoc: ravage hazard: risque, danger, hasard, aléa, péril, risquer, aventurer, oser, hasarder heads: têtes heady: capiteux hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons heard: entendîmes, entendîtes, entendu, entendit, entendirent, entendis, ouï, ouïs hearing: entendant, audition, audience, ouïe, audition publique, oyant hears: entend, oit heart: coeur, le coeur hearts: coeurs heat: chaleur, chauffer, ardeur, chaleurs, charge de fusion, rut heaven: ciel, paradis heavens: cieux heavy: lourd, fort hedge: haie, couverture, haie vive heels: talons held: tenu hell: enfer helpful: utile, serviable hem: ourlet, ourler hen: poule, poulet, poularde henceforth: désormais, dorénavant, à l'avenir hercules: Hercule hereafter: désormais, dorénavant, après l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, après herein: en ceci herring: hareng hid: cachas, cachâtes, cachèrent, cacha, cachai, cachâmes, masqua, masquèrent, masquâtes, masquas, masquâmes hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage higher: plus haut highest: le plus haut highly: de façon haute, de manière haute, fortement, hautement, extrêmement highness: altesse hill: colline, coteau, butter, terrer hind: biche, suivant, de derrière hit: frapper, coup, battre, heurter, atteindre, succès, toucher, parvenir,

saisir, touche hither: ici hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir holds: tient hole: trou, fossé, creux, orifice, fosse holiday: jour férié, vacance, vacances, congé, défaut d'enrobage, villégiature, blanc, fête hollow: creux, cavité, caver holy: saint, sacré honest: honnête, intègre, sincère, loyal honesty: honnêteté honey: miel honor: honneur, honorer honour: honneur, honorer honourable: honorable honours: honneurs hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez horrible: affreux, épouvantable, horrible, atroce, terrible, désagréable, abominable, odieux, sinistre, abject, hideux horribly: de manière affreuse, de façon affreuse horse: cheval, le cheval horseback: à cheval horsemanship: équitation horses: chevaux hose: tuyau, bas, durite, tuyau flexible, flexible host: hôte, amphitryon, aubergiste, hostie, foule hostess: hôtesse, aubergiste, maîtresse de maison hostile: hostile, ennemi hostility: hostilité hot: chaud hour: heure hourly: horaire hours: heures howl: hurler, mugir, gronder, hurlement huge: énorme, immense, gigantesque, formidable, colossal, vaste hum: bourdonner, ronflement, ronronner, bourdonnement, chantonner humility: humilité, modestie humour: humour, humeur hundred: cent, centaine hung: pendu hurt: blesser husband: mari, époux husks: spathes idle: inactif, fainéant, ralenti, au repos, inoccupé, paresseux,

141 fainéanter ignominy: ignominie ignorance: ignorance ignorant: ignorant ill: malade, malsain, mal image: image, figure imitate: imiter, imite, imites, imitent, imitons, imitez, copier, copie, copiez, copions, copient immediately: immédiatement, tout de suite, directement, aussitôt, sitôt, d'abord, tout d'abord, de manière immédiate, de façon immédiate impatient: impatient import: importation, importer impressed: impressionné imprisoning: emprisonnant impudent: effronté inch: pouce inclination: inclinaison, inclination inclining: inclinant incomprehensible: incompréhensible indeed: vraiment, certes, en vérité, réellement, si, d'abord, en réalité, en effet, en fait, effectivement, voire indent: denteler, indentation, commande, découper, retrait indenture: indenture india: Inde indirect: indirect indirectly: indirectement, de manière indirecte, de façon indirecte induction: induction industry: industrie, application infant: enfant, nourrisson, enfant en bas âge, poupon infidel: infidèle infinitely: infiniment, de manière infinie, de façon infinie inform: informer, informes, informons, informez, informe, informent, renseigner, renseigne, renseignes, renseignez, renseignons iniquity: iniquité injuries: blessures inn: auberge innkeeper: aubergiste, hôtelier innocence: innocence, naïveté inordinate: excessif inquired: nous enquîmes, m'enquis, vous enquîtes, t'enquis, s'enquit, s'enquis, s'enquirent insensible: insensible inside: dedans, intérieur, dans, au milieu de, interne, parmi, en, milieu, à instant: instant, moment instead: plutôt instinct: instinct instruments: appareillage insulting: insultant insurrection: insurrection

142 intelligence: intelligence, renseignement intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter, projettent, projette, projetons intended: visèrent, visâtes, visas, visâmes, visai, visa, visé, destiné, projetas, projetâtes, projetâmes intent: intention intercepted: interceptas, interceptâtes, intercepta, interceptai, interceptèrent, intercepté, interceptâmes intestine: intestin intolerable: intolérable invisible: invisible inward: intérieur, vers l'intérieur irish: irlandais iron: fer, fer à repasser, repasser irregular: irrégulier issue: émission, éditer, émettre, livraison, parution, numéro, problème, question, proclamer item: article, item, élément, individu, entité, poste, point, rubrique iteration: itération jack: cric, vérin, valet, jack, cochonnet jade: jade jerkin: justaucorps, pourpoint jest: badiner, plaisanter, plaisanterie jew: juif, hébreu join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient joined: joignîtes, joignîmes, joignirent, joignis, joignit, joint, reliâtes, relias, reliâmes, reliai, relièrent joints: articulations judge: juge, juger justice: justice, équité keen: vif, aiguisé, actif, affilé, alerte, vigilant keeping: gardant, élevant, remplissant keeps: garde, élève, remplit kept: gardâtes, gardas, gardé, gardèrent, garda, gardâmes, gardai, élevai, élevèrent, élevé, élevâtes kill: tuer, abattre, supprimer, rectifier killing: meurtre, abattage kills: tue kindled: allumâtes, allumèrent, allumas, allumâmes, allumai, alluma, allumé kindred: parenté king: roi, dame kingdom: royaume kingdoms: royaumes kinsman: parent kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise kisses: baise, baisers, bisous

King Henry IV, Part I kitten: chaton knave: fripon knee: genou, coude, le genou knight: chevalier, cavalier knighthood: chevalerie knocking: coups, frappant knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche knowing: connaissant knows: connaît, sait lack: manque, défaut, vice, insuffisance, privation, manquer lad: garçon, gosse ladder: échelle, maille filée ladies: dames lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis lamp: lampe, ampoule land: terre, atterrir, aborder, pays, contrée, terrain, s'abattre lane: voie, ruelle, couloir language: langue, langage lantern: lanterne, fanal lap: clapoter, recouvrement, chevauchement, nappe, barboter, tour, giron larger: plus grand lately: dernièrement, de manière tarde, de façon tardive, récemment lath: latte, latter latter: dernier laud: glorifier, glorifions, glorifiez, glorifies, glorifie, glorifient laugh: rire, rigoler laughing: riant laughter: rire lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène, menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez leaden: de plomb, plombé leader: guide, animateur, leader, conseiller, chef, commandant, dirigeant, amorce, meneur leading: conduisant, menant, guidant, aboutissant, plombage, laissant, principal leads: conduit, mène, guide, about it, laisse, pattes leagues: ligues lean: maigre, appuyer, accoter, mince, s'adosser, s'accoter, adosser leaning: penchant learn: apprendre, apprenons,

apprenez, apprends, apprennent learning: apprenant, apprentissage, érudition, savoir lease: bail, affermer, location, prendre à bail, louer, contrat de location, concession, bailler, encroix leash: laisse least: moindre, le moins leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser leaves: part, feuilles leaving: partant, départ, partir led: menâmes, conduisîtes, conduisit, conduisis, conduit, conduisirent, conduisîmes, menèrent, menas, menâtes, mena leg: jambe, patte, cuisse, branche, pied, gigot, montant legs: jambes leisure: loisir lend: prêter, prête, prêtes, prêtez, prêtent, prêtons, emprunter, empruntes, empruntez, empruntons, empruntent lends: prête, emprunte lent: prêtâtes, prêtas, prêtâmes, prêtèrent, prêtai, prêté, prêta, emprunté, empruntâtes, empruntas, empruntâmes letter: lettre letters: lettres levers: leviers lewd: lascif, lubrique lewdly: de manière lubrique, de façon lubrique license: licence, permis, autoriser licked: léché lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir liege: lige lies: git, ment lieutenant: lieutenant lift: ascenseur, lever, soulever, élever, portance, se soulever, sustentation light: léger, clair, lumière, allumer, feu, faible, enflammer, lumineux, lampe, rayonnement visible lighted: allumé lights: lumières, feux likelihood: vraisemblance, probabilité likeness: ressemblance liking: affection, penchant limb: membre, limbe, flanc limbs: membres lime: chaux, citron vert, lime, calcaire limit: limite, limiter, frontière limits: limites linen: lin, toile, linge, toile de lin links: liens lion: lion

William Shakespeare lip: lèvre, bord lips: les lèvres, lèvres list: liste, énumérer, lister, inventaire, répertoire listening: écoutant, écoute live: vivre, vivez, vivent, vivons, vis, habiter, demeurer, habite, habitent, habites, habitons lived: vécut, vécurent, vécûmes, vécus, vécu, habita, habitai, habitâmes, habitas, habitâtes, habitèrent livery: livrée lives: vit, habite, loge living: vivant, habitant, logeant, en vie, bénéfice loathe: abhorrer, abominer, haïr, abhorre, abominez, haïssons, haïssez, haïssent, hais, abominons, abhorrez lofty: haut, élevé looks: regarde loop: boucle, maille, circuit, œillet, anse loose: détaché, lâche lord: seigneur, monsieur lose: perdre, perds, perdez, perdent, perdons losers: perdants loss: perte, préjudice, déperdition, affaiblissement, sinistre, déchet, atténuation lost: perdîtes, perdîmes, perdirent, perdit, perdis, perdu, perdus, non vu lot: lot, sort loved: aimé lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe loves: amours, aime loving: amoureux, aimant low: bas, dépression, abject, basse, lâche lower: baisser, baisses, abaisser, baisse, baissez, baissons, baissent, inférieur loyal: loyal, dévoué, droit, honnête, fidèle loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme luggage: bagage, colis, bagages lustre: éclat, lustre lute: luth, lut, luter lying: menteur, mensonge, gisant mackerel: maquereau mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé madcap: écervelé madeira: madère magician: magicien, sorcier maid: femme de chambre, servante, domestique, bonne maiden: vierge, brin

maidenhead: hymen maim: estropier mainly: principalement, surtout, de manière principale, de façon principale, en grande partie maintain: maintenir, maintenez, maintiens, maintenons, maintiennent, conserver, conservent, conservons, conserve, conserves, conservez maintenance: entretien, maintenance, maintien, garde majestically: de manière Majestueuse, de façon majestueuse, majestueusement majesty: majesté, seigneurie makes: fait, rend malevolent: malveillant manage: administrer, diriger, administre, administrez, administrons, administrent, administres, gérer, dirige, dirigent, dirigeons manhood: virilité manner: manière, façon manners: moeurs map: carte, plan, mappe, application, carte géographique marching: marcher mark: marque, marquer, estampiller, cachet, signe, mark, note, signal, témoignage, repère, tracer marks: marque married: marié, se marièrent, vous mariâtes, te marias, me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, mariée, mariés, épousas marry: marier, te maries, vous mariez, nous marions, me marie, mariez-vous, se marient, épouser, se marier, épouses, épouse marvel: merveille, s'étonner mass: masse, amas, foule, tas, messe, bloc, multitude master: maître, patron, apprendre à fond, capitaine, maestro, principal, maîtriser masters: masters match: allumette, apparier, match, s'entremettre, assortir, égal, partie, rencontre matter: matière, substance, affaire, cas, chose, question medicines: médicaments meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir meeting: réunion, rencontrant, séance, rencontre, croisement, assemblée, réunion sportive meets: rencontre

143 melancholy: mélancolie, mélancolique, abattement, sombre melt: fondre, dégeler, faire fondre, fonte melted: fondu, fondue memento: souvenir mend: rapiécer, réparer, raccommoder, repriser mended: réparé mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde mere: pur, seul, simple merit: mérite, mériter, gloire merlin: faucon émerillon merrily: de manière joyeuse, de façon joyeuse, joyeusement merry: joyeux, gai messenger: messager, coursier, messagère met: rencontrai, rencontrâmes, rencontras, rencontrâtes, rencontrèrent, rencontra, rencontré metal: métal metre: mètre mettle: ardeur, fougue michael: Michel midnight: minuit midriff: diaphragme mighty: puissant military: militaire milk: lait, traire mincing: affecté mine: mine, mienne mines: mines minion: favori, mignonne minutes: protocole miracle: miracle misbegotten: illégitime mischance: malchance mischief: malice misled: égaras, égarâtes, égaré, égarai, égara, égarèrent, égarâmes misquote: citer inexactement mistake: erreur, faute, méprise, se tromper mistress: maîtresse moiety: groupe caractéristique molten: fondu monday: lundi monsieur: monsieur monstrous: monstrueux month: mois moon: lune morrow: lendemain mortal: mortel motion: mouvement, motion, résolution, marche, requête mountain: montagne, mont mountains: massif mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée move: déplacer, émouvoir, remuer, mouvoir, se déplacer, coup,

144 déménagement, déménager, affecter, mouvement, déplacement moving: émouvant, attendrissant, déménagement, en mouvement, mobile mrs: madame muddy: boueux, vaseux, trouble murder: assassiner, meurtre, assassinat, rectifier, crime de meurtre murdered: assassiné murderous: meurtrier murmur: murmure, murmurer, bruit music: musique musical: musical musician: musicien musing: méditer, rêverie muster: rassemblement mutter: murmurer, barboter, marmonner mutual: réciproque, mutuel myself: me nag: harceler naked: nu, dénudé named: nommé names: noms narrow: étroit natural: naturel nature: nature, caractère naughty: vilain, méchant nay: non near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à neat: net, propre necessary: nécessaire neck: cou, col, collet, goulot, encolure needful: nécessaire needs: besoins, nécessite neighbour: voisin, semblable neighbouring: adjacent, avoisinant neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul nephew: neveu nettle: ortie news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle nice: agréable, bon, aimable, gentil, joli, succulent, savoureux nicholas: Nicolas nimble: agile nimbly: agilement, de manière agile, de façon agile nine: neuf ninth: neuvième nobility: noblesse noble: noble, élevé nobleman: noble, seigneur nobly: noblement, de manière noble, de façon noble nobody: personne, nul nonce: nonce none: aucun, personne, nul noon: midi

King Henry IV, Part I nor: ni northern: septentrional, nord northward: au nord nose: nez, bec noted: noté nourish: nourrir, nourris, nourrissez, nourrissent, nourrissons, alimenter oath: serment, juron oats: avoine obedient: obéissant, docile obscene: obscène obtaining: obtenant, obtention occasion: occasion, lieu, fois odd: bizarre, impair, étrange, singulier, drôle offence: délit, infraction, offense, agacement offend: offenser, offenses, offensent, offense, offensez, offensons, insulter, insulte, insultons, insultez, insultes offenders: contrevenants offer: offre, offrir, proposition, proposer, présenter, sacrifier, consacrer, faire offrande offering: offrande offers: offrit officers: dirigeants, officiers oftentimes: souvent oil: huile, pétrole, graisser oily: huileux, graisseux opinion: avis, opinion, vœu opposed: opposé, opposas, opposâtes, opposa, opposâmes, opposai, opposèrent, rouspétâtes, rouspété, rouspétas, rouspétâmes opposition: opposition, résistance oppress: opprimer, serrer, opprimes, serrez, serre, serrent, serrons, opprimons, serres, oppriment, opprime orb: orbe otherwise: sinon, autrement otter: loutre, divergent ought: devoir, doit, dois, devez, devons, doivent ours: nôtre ourselves: nous outlaw: proscrit outward: vers l'extérieur, sortie owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette owes: doit owner: propriétaire, détenteur, possesseur, armateur, titulaire, maître de la chose ox: bœuf oxen: boeufs pace: allure, pas, faire les cent pas, rythme packet: paquet pagan: païen paid: payâtes, payas, payèrent, paya,

payai, payâmes, payé painted: peint pair: paire, couple, apparier palace: palais pale: pâle, blême palpable: palpable pannier: corbeille, panier, sacoche papers: papiers parcel: paquet, colis, lot, parcelle pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce park: parc, garer, stationner, parquer, se garer parley: pourparlers parrot: perroquet participation: participation particulars: détails, précisions parting: séparation, raie partly: en partie, partiellement parts: parties pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler passages: canalisation passion: passion, ardeur pate: pâté, tête patience: patience paunch: panse, ventre pause: pause, repos, trêve paying: payant payment: paiement, versement, règlement, acquittement, paye, remboursement pays: paie, paye peace: paix, tranquillité peach: pêche peevish: maussade, grincheux penny: sou peppercorn: grain de poivre perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois peremptorily: de manière péremptoire, de façon péremptoire perfect: parfait, achevé, accompli perform: accomplir, réaliser, effectuer, accomplissent, accomplissez, accomplissons, réalise, réalisent, réalises, réalisez, réalisons performed: accompli, réalisa, réalisèrent, réalisé, réalisâtes, réalisas, réalisâmes, réalisai, accomplîtes, accomplit, accomplis perfumed: parfumé peril: danger, péril perilous: périlleux permit: permettre, permis, autoriser perpetual: perpétuel personal: personnel, propre

William Shakespeare persons: personnes persuaded: persuadas, persuadâtes, persuadai, persuadâmes, persuada, persuadèrent, persuadé persuasion: persuasion, croyance pewter: étain pick: cueillir, cueille, cueillent, cueilles, cueillez, cueillons, piquer, piquent, piques, piquez, piquons picking: cueillant, piquant, cueillette, arrachage, battage piece: pièce, morceau, fragment, pan, part, contingent, partie pierce: percer, percez, perçons, perce, percent, perces, transpercer pilgrims: pèlerins pinch: pincer, pincement, pincée, serrer pint: pinte pistol: pistolet pit: fosse, noyau, piqûre, trou, centre, fossé, mine, creux, dénoyauter, puits pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer plague: peste, fléau plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident plant: plante, végétal, planter, usine, installation play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de players: joueurs playing: jouant plays: joue please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire pleased: content, satisfait, plu pleasing: plaisant pleasure: plaisir, jouissance plentiful: abondant plot: intrigue, parcelle, tracer, comploter, conspiration, tracé, terrain, complot, position visualisée plotted: tracé pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure plumed: empanaché plump: dodu pocket: poche, empocher, case pockets: empoche, cases, poches pointed: pointu, aigu points: points, aiguillage, aiguille poison: poison, venin, empoisonner, intoxiquer, substance toxique

poisonous: toxique, venimeux, vénéneux politician: politicien, homme politique pomegranate: Grenade poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre portend: annoncer, annonce, annonçons, annoncez, annoncent, annonces portly: corpulent post: poste, poteau, pieu, emploi, afficher, fonction, courrier, coller, office, agglutiner, place posted: affiché, posté pot: pot, marmite potent: puissant pound: livre, piler, broyer, fourrière, battre, marteler pounds: livres poverty: pauvreté, misère powder: poudre, pulvériser, poudrer powers: pouvoirs pox: éruption cutanée practise: exercer, instruire, pratiquer praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient prayers: prières praying: priant precedent: précédent precious: précieux, rare prelate: prélat preparation: préparation, préparatif prepare: préparer, prépare, prépares, préparent, préparons, préparez, apprêter, apprête, apprêtes, apprêtez, apprêtons prepared: préparâtes, prépara, préparai, préparas, préparèrent, préparâmes, préparé, apprêtas, apprêtâtes, apprêté, apprêtâmes presence: présence present: cadeau, présent, présenter, actuel, offrir, don presently: actuellement press: presse, presser, serrer, appuyer, tasser, être urgent, appuyer en écrasant, pressoir, serrer plus fort, comprimer pretty: joli, mignon, aimable, bath, assez prevent: empêcher, empêche, empêches, empêchez, empêchent, empêchons, prévenir, préviens, prévenez, prévenons, préviennent prey: proie price: prix, cours prick: piqûre, bitte, zob pride: fierté, orgueil

145 prince: prince princely: princier prison: prison prisoner: prisonnier, détenu prisoners: prisonniers private: privé prize: prix, récompense proceedings: débats, actes, procédure procure: procurer, procure, procures, procurons, procurez, procurent, se procurer procured: procuras, procurâtes, procurèrent, procurâmes, procuré, procurai, procura prodigy: prodige profess: confesser, avouer, confessez, confessons, confesse, confesses, confessent, professer, professons, professe, professent profession: profession proffer: offrir, présenter proficient: compétent profiting: bénéficiant progress: progrès, progresser, avancer, déroulement prologue: prologue promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons, assurer promises: promet proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration prosperous: prospère protest: protestation, protester, contestation proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux prove: prouver, prouve, prouves, prouvez, prouvons, prouvent, démontrer proviso: clause conditionnelle prune: pruneau, élaguer, tailler, prune pry: écart, écart latéral, forcer au levier psalms: psaumes pudding: pouding, pudding, flan punish: punir, punissons, punissez, punissent, punis puny: chétif pupil: pupille, élève, écolier purchase: achat, acheter, emplette, acquérir, acquisition purge: purger, affinier, purifier, purge purple: pourpre, violet purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention purse: bourse, sacoche, sac à main purses: bourses push: pousser, poussée, poussez puts: met quality: qualité, propriété quantity: quantité, grandeur

146 quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise quarter: quartier, quart, trimestre, le quart queen: reine, dame quick: rapide, prompt, vite quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos quilt: édredon, piquer, coudre, courtepointe, couette racks: tables pour tridents radish: radis, raifort, radis noir rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager ragged: déchiqueté railing: rampe, balustrade raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer raising: élevage ramping: proliférant, chargement ran: courut, courûtes, courus, coururent, courûmes, courues, courue, coulâtes, coulèrent, coulâmes, coula range: portée, gamme, étendue, plage, distance, base de lancement, parcours, domaine, distance franchissable, éventail, amplitude ransom: rançon rare: rare, saignant rareness: rareté rascal: coquin, vaurien, fripon rash: éruption, éruption cutanée, irréfléchi, inconsidéré, rougeur rated: nominal ravishing: enchanteur, ravissant razes: rase reach: atteindre, parvenir, portée, aboutir, remporter, étendue, toucher, bief reading: lecture, lisant ready: prêt, disponible reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner reasonable: raisonnable, modéré, prudent, abordable reasonably: de manière raisonnable, de façon raisonnable, raisonnablement reasons: raisonne rebel: se révolter, rebelle, se rebeller rebellion: rébellion, révolte rebels: rebelles receipt: reçu, quittance, réception, récépissé, acquit, accusé de réception, ticket de caisse, recette reckoning: calculant recreation: récréation,

King Henry IV, Part I transformation, métamorphose red: rouge redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète, rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser redeeming: rachetant redoubled: redoublas, redoublâtes, redoublèrent, redoubla, redoublâmes, redoublé, redoublai reformation: réforme regard: considérer, considérez, considérons, considères, considèrent, considère, estime, regarder, contempler, égard, regard regarded: considéré, considérai, considérâmes, considéras, considérâtes, considérèrent, considéra regards: considère remains: reste, restes remember: se rappeler, se souvenir, rappeler, retenir, rappelle, retiens, retiennent, rappelles, retenez, retenons, rappelons remnant: reste remorse: remords removed: ôtai, ôtèrent, ôtâmes, ôtas, ôtâtes, supprimèrent, ôté, supprimai, supprimâmes, supprimas, supprimé render: rendre renders: crépit, plâtre, rend rendezvous: rencontre renowned: renommé repent: se repentir, regretter, regrette, regrettons, regrettez, regrettent, regrettes, repentir, repens, repentons, repentent represented: représentas, représentâtes, représentai, représenta, représentèrent, représentâmes, représenté reprisal: représaille, représailles reproof: reproche repute: réputation, renommée rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance resolutely: de manière résolue, de façon résolue, résolument resolution: résolution, motion, définition, pouvoir de résolution respect: respect, respecter rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support restore: restaurer, restaures, restaurez, restaurent, restaure, restaurons, rétablir, rétablis, rétablissent, rétablissez, rétablissons restrain: retenir, retiens, retenons, retenez, retiennent, réprimer, gouverner, régner, surveiller, restreindre

retire: se retirer, retirer, retire, retires, retirent, retirons, retirez retirement: retraite, pension, abandon, repli retires: retire retreat: retraite, se retirer, décéder, recul, refuge return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration, rendement reverend: révérend revolt: révolte, se révolter revolted: révolté reward: récompenser, récompense ribs: côtes rich: riche ride: chevaucher, tour, monter à cheval, aller en véhicule, aller, se déplacer, monter à bicyclette rides: tours ridge: arête, faîte, crête riding: équitation rightly: correctement, de manière droite, de façon droite rights: droits ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle, cycle, frette, son riot: émeute, baroufle, barouf, bagarre rise: monter, lever, surgir, augmenter, hausse, se lever, sursauter, montée, se soulever, élévation, augmentation rising: élévation, levée, lever river: fleuve, rivière, lézarde roan: rouan roar: gronder, mugir, rugir roared: rugi roaring: rugissant roasted: grillé, rôti rob: piller, pillent, pille, pillons, pilles, pillez, ravir, dévaliser, ravis, ravissons, ravissez robbery: vol, brigandage robe: robe, peignoir robin: rouge-gorge, rouge-gorge familier rod: baguette, barre, tige, perche, tringle, badine, gaule, barreau, bâton, bielle, bâtonnet rogue: gredin, canaille, polisson, fripon, escroc roguery: coquinerie, friponnerie roll: rouleau, petit pain, rouler, roulis, enrouler, cylindre, tableau, roulement rose: rose rotten: pourri, mauvais roundly: de manière ronde, de façon ronde, rondement

William Shakespeare rouse: irriter, exciter, stimuler, agacer, stimules, excitons, stimulez, stimulent, stimule, irritons, irritez royal: royal royalty: royauté, règne rub: frotter, récurer, frottement rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé rudely: de manière grossière, de façon grossière ruffian: apache ruminated: ruminèrent, rumina, ruminai, ruminâmes, ruminas, ruminâtes, ruminé running: courant, course, marche, coulant, fonctionnement runs: court, coule, pistes, runs rushes: épreuves de tournage rusty: rouillé sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre sacrifices: sacrifie sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre saddle: selle, col, ensellement, sellette, seller safe: sûr, en sûreté, à l'abri, sauf, sans danger safety: sécurité, sûreté saint: saint sake: saké salamander: brasero salvation: salut sanguine: sanguin sarcenet: armoise satan: Satan save: épargner, épargne, épargnes, épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent saying: disant, adage, proverbe scandalized: scandalisâtes, scandalisèrent, scandalisas, scandalisâmes, scandalisai, scandalisa, scandalisé scarce: insuffisant, rare scarecrows: épouvantails scarlet: écarlate scene: scène, lieu sceptre: sceptre score: orchestrer, partition, note, marque, rayure, adapter, score, cote, marquer scoring: correction, cotation, action de rainer, évaluation, éraflure, évaluation par score, annonce de la marque, traçage, incisage, incision, buts scotland: Ecosse, Écosse

scots: écossais scottish: écossais scour: décaper, frotter, frottez, frotte, frottons, frottes, frottent, décapez, décapes, décapent, décape scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet scratch: gratter, égratignure, griffer, éraflure, érafler, rayure, effacer en grattant, écorchure, accroc, griffe, raie scroop: craquantage, craquant sea: mer, marin seal: phoque, sceller, sceau, scellé, cachet, cacheter, plomber, joint, obturer sealed: scellé, étanche, hermétique, fermé search: recherche, perquisition, chercher, fouille, rechercher, fouiller searches: recherches season: saison, assaisonner seat: siège, banquette, assiette, place, selle secret: secret, arcane secretly: secrètement, de manière secrète, de façon secrte, en secret secure: fixer, fixe, fixent, fixes, fixez, fixons, sûr, attacher, en sûreté, à l'abri, obtenir seeing: voyant, sciant seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent seem: sembler, semblez, semblons, semblent, semble, sembles, paraître, paraissez, paraissons, paraissent, parais seeming: semblant, paraissant sees: voit, scie seldom: rarement send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez sends: envoie, adresse sensible: raisonnable, prudent, sensé sent: envoyas, envoyâtes, envoyâmes, envoyèrent, envoya, envoyai, envoyé, adressas, adressâtes, adressé, adressai sepulchre: sépulcre servant: serviteur, domestique, servante servants: domestiques, serviteurs serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons serves: sert, dessert setter: incubateur, passeur, piqueteur, gravure de cambrage, setter, sertisseur, support d'enfournement

147 setting: réglage, cadre, calage, sertissage seven: sept sew: coudre, cousent, cousez, cousons, couds shade: ombre, nuance, teinte, ombrage, ombrager, nuancer, ombrer shadow: ombre, prendre en filature shadows: ombres shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle shaken: secoué, ébranlé shallow: peu profond, superficiel shame: honte, pouah, vergogne shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent shape: forme, former, façonner, modeler, profil share: action, partager, part, participer, partie, prendre part, portion, contingent, diviser, débiter, parti aux bénéfices sharing: partage, participation, partageant shaved: rasé sheath: gaine, enveloppe shed: hangar, verser, abri, versai, versas, versâmes, versa, versons, versez, verses, versèrent shelter: abri, abriter, refuge, s'abriter, gîte, garantir, se mettre à l'abri, se retrancher, héberger sheriff: shérif shine: briller, luire, être lumineux, éclat, lustre, reluire shines: reluit shirt: chemise, chemisier, maillot shirts: chemises shook: secoua, secouèrent, secouâtes, secouas, secouâmes, secouai, ébranlâtes, ébranlas, ébranlâmes, ébranlai, ébranla shore: rive, bord, côte, rivage, accore, côte rivage, étançon, étayer, étai short: court shorter: plus court shortly: prochainement, de façon courte, de manière courte, bientôt shortness: fragilité, faible résistance au déchirement, manque, manque de longueur shot: tirâtes, tiras, tirèrent, tirâmes, tira, tirai, tiré, coup, tir, grenaille, tirées shoulders: épaules shouts: crie showed: montrâtes, montras, montrai, montrâmes, montrèrent, montra, manifesta, manifestèrent,

148 manifestâtes, manifestas, manifestâmes showering: douchant shown: montré, manifesté, marqué shows: montre, manifeste, marque, dénote shrill: aigu, perçant, strident, criard shrink: rétrécir, se ratatiner, se racornir shuffling: réarrangement, entrelacement sick: malade, malsain sickness: maladie sigh: soupir sight: vue, spectacle, visée, air, apparence, allure, aspect, apercevoir, mire signs: signes, signe sin: péché, pécher, commettre une faute sincerity: sincérité, bonne foi sinew: tendon sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons single: célibataire, unique, simple, seul, individuel, individuelle sink: évier, forer, couler, lavabo, sombrer, toucher, puits, enfoncer, rencontrer, collecteur sir: monsieur sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds sitting: couvant, s'asseyant, séance, service, sédentaire skill: habileté, compétence, adresse skin: peau, dépouiller, pelage, fourrure, poil d'animal, revêtement, éplucher, écorcher skipping: manque, saut à la corde slain: tué slander: diffamer, calomnier, calomnie, diffamation, médire, salir slave: esclave, asservir slaves: esclaves sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer sleeping: dormant sleeves: manches slip: glissement, glisser, barbotine, fiche, lapsus, combinaison, cale, bouture, patiner, glissade sliver: éclat, mèche slovenly: négligé smallest: le plus petit smarting: cuisant smell: odeur, sentir, odorat, flairer, embaumer, exhaler un odeur smiled: souri smiling: souriant smoky: fumeux, enfumé smooth: lisse, uni, plat, lisser, douce,

King Henry IV, Part I égaliser, polir smug: suffisant snorting: ébrouement snuff: tabac à priser soft: doux, mou, tendre, moelleux, gentil, suave, sucré soldier: soldat, militaire solemnly: solennellement, de manière solennelle, de façon solennelle son: fils song: chanson, chant sons: fils soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure sought: cherchâtes, cherchas, cherchâmes, cherchèrent, cherché, cherchai, chercha, raillèrent, raillé, raillâtes, railla soul: âme sound: son, sonner, résonner, bruit, sain, sonder, détroit, vibration acoustique, oscillation acoustique, solide, sonde sounded: sonna, sonnâmes, sonnés, sonnèrent, sonnées, sonné sounds: sonne, sons soused: imbibé southern: austral, du sud, méridional sovereign: souverain space: espace, espacer sparrow: moineau, passereau speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent speaking: parlant, parler speaks: parle spear: lance, javelot speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte speediest: le plus rapide speedily: de manière rapide, de façon rapide, rapidement speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain spend: dépenser, dépenses, dépense, dépensent, dépensez, dépensons, passer, passent, passes, passez, passons spent: dépensé, dépensas, dépensâtes, dépensâmes, dépensa, dépensai, dépensèrent, passa, passai, passâmes, passas spirit: esprit, vigueur spirits: spiritueux spit: cracher, vomir, jeter, broche, crachat spite: rancune, dépit spoil: abîmer, gâter, gâcher, détériorer, déblais spoke: parlas, parlèrent, parlâmes, parlai, parla, parlâtes, rayon spoken: parlé sport: sport, sports sprightly: vif spring: ressort, source, fontaine,

sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de squire: chaperonner, châtelain squires: châtelains stab: poignarder, piquer, coup de couteau stable: écurie, stable, étable, ferme stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter stale: rassis, éventé, purin stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser standing: debout, permanent stands: tribune stark: rigide starling: étourneau stars: étoiles starve: affamer, affame, affames, affament, affamez, affamons, mourir de faim starveling: affamé starving: affamant, affamé stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner stays: reste steal: voler, dérober, dépouiller, d'acier, subtiliser, volent step: pas, marche, étape, gradin, échelon, palier, faire les cent pas, marchepied stinking: puant stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger stirring: agitation stole: étole, vola stolen: volé, volés, volée stomach: estomac, digérer, ventre stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes, arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons store: magasin, boutique, stocker, entrepôt, entreposer, mémoire, emmagasiner, ôter, enlever, réserve, conserver story: histoire, étage, récit, conte, relation, intrigue stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne strain: souche, tension, effort, fatigue, tendre strait: détroit, étroit strange: étrange, singulier, drôle, étranger, bizarre strangely: étrangement, de façon étrange, de manière étrange strangers: étrangers strangle: étrangler, étrangles, étranglez, étrangle, étranglons,

William Shakespeare étranglent strangled: étranglé, étranglèrent, étrangla, étranglai, étranglâmes, étranglas, étranglâtes street: rue strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique stretch: tendre, étirer, étendre, allongement, s'étendre, s'étirer strict: sévère, austère, strict, rigoureux strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir strong: fort, puissant, vigoureux, solide, robuste strongly: fortement, de manière forte, de façon forte struck: frappé stuck: collé, être embourbé studies: études, étudie stuff: substance, affaires, choses, fourrer, rembourrer, trucs, bourrer, truc, chose, empailler, farcir stung: piqué, piquées, piqua, piquée submission: soumission, dépôt substance: substance, fond subtle: subtil, fin succour: soulager, secourir sudden: subit, soudain suddenly: soudainement, tout à coup, subitement, soudain, de manière subite, de façon subite, brusquement sue: actionner suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis sugar: sucre, sucrer suggestion: suggestion, proposition sullen: maussade sully: souiller summer: été, estival sumptuous: somptueux sun: soleil, ensoleillé sung: chanté sup: souper superfluous: superflu supper: souper, dîner supply: fourniture, provision, fournir, alimentation, approvisionnement, ravitaillement, livrer, munir, pourvoir, réserve, alimenter suppose: supposer, suppose, supposes, supposons, supposent, supposez sure: sûr, certain, assuré surety: caution, cautionnement, garant

surgery: chirurgie survey: enquête, étude, levé, inspection, sondage, arpenter, campagne d'évaluation suspect: soupçonner, suspecter, suspect, se méfier swallowing: avalant, engloutissement swarm: fourmiller, grouiller, essaim, essaimer sway: vaciller, balancement, oscillation, osciller, se balancer swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment swearing: jurant sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer, transpiration, suinter sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert sweeten: sucrer, sucre, sucrons, sucrez, sucres, sucrent, édulcorer sweetness: douceur swelling: gonflement, enflure, tuméfaction, foisonnement, grosseur, renflement swift: rapide, prompt, martinet noir, martinet swollen: gonflé, enflé sword: épée, sabre, glaive swore: jurâtes, juras, jurâmes, jurèrent, jura, jurai sworn: juré, jurées taffeta: taffetas tailor: tailleur, couturière takes: prend tale: conte, récit, relation talk: parler, parles, parle, parlez, parlent, parlons, causerie, discuter, discours, entretien talking: parlant, bavardage tall: haut, grand tallow: suif talon: talon tame: dresser, apprivoiser, apprivoisé, dompter, docile target: cible, objectif, but, cibler, dessein, cible de mémoire tarry: goudronneux task: tâche, devoir tasking: attribution des missions taste: goût, goûter, saveur, déguster tattered: déguenillé, en lambeaux taught: enseignas, enseignâtes, enseignai, enseigné, enseignèrent, enseigna, enseignâmes, instruisirent, instruit, instruisîtes, instruisis tavern: taverne teach: enseigner, enseignes, enseignent, enseignons, enseignez, enseigne, instruire, apprendre, instruisent, instruisez, instruis teaching: enseignant, instruisant,

149 enseignement tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure tears: larmes tedious: ennuyeux, fastidieux teeming: coulée à partir d'une poche, coulée par le fond de la poche en lingotière, coulée en lingotière, abondant, grouillant teeth: dents, denture telling: disant, racontant, enjoignant, commandant temper: humeur, tremper, durcir, tempérament, trempe, tempérer, gâcher tempest: tempête tempted: tentas, tentâtes, tentâmes, tenta, tentai, tenté, tentèrent tench: tanche tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave tenderness: tendresse, tendreté tent: tente term: terme, durée, échéance termagant: mégère terms: conditions, condition, termes thank: remercier, remercies, remercie, remerciez, remercions, remercient thanked: remercias, remerciâtes, remercia, remerciâmes, remerciai, remercièrent, remercié thee: toi, te, vous theft: vol theme: thème, sujet, composition thence: de là thereabouts: alentour, autour thereby: de ce fait, par ce moyen therein: en cela therewith: avec cela thief: voleur thieves: voleurs thigh: cuisse thighs: cuisses thirst: soif, avoir soif thirsty: assoiffé, altéré thirty: trente thither: là thorn: épine thou: tu, vous, toi thousand: mille, millier threatens: menace threefold: triple thrice: trois fois thrill: frémissement thrive: prospérer, prospères, prospérez, prospérons, prospèrent, prospère throats: gorges throw: jeter, jet, lancer, projeter, course, lancement throwing: lancement thrown: jeté

150 thrust: poussée, pousser thumb: pouce thursday: jeudi thy: ton tickle: chatouiller, chatouillement tide: marée tidings: nouvelles tie: cravate, attacher, lien, nouer, attache, lier, relier, traverse, tirant, liaison till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que tilt: incliner, inclinaison, basculement, pente, pencher tinker: bricoler, bricoles, bricolent, bricolez, bricolons, bricole tired: fatigué, las tithe: décime, dîme title: titre, intitulé titles: titres tongue: langue, languette tongues: langues tooth: dent top: sommet, haut, faîte, comble, summon, mutiler, couvercle, cime, supérieur, tête topples: renverse, bascule, tombe toss: lancement, tirage au sort touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez towers: tours trace: trace, tracer, décalquer, calquer, empreinte, impression, trait, piste, retracer tractable: conciliant, docile traders: commerçants train: train, entraîner, dresser, rame, cortège, suite, clique, escorte, former traitor: traître tranquillity: tranquillité travel: voyager, voyageons, voyagez, voyagent, voyages, voyage, course, aller, déplacement, aller en véhicule, se déplacer treacherous: traître, déloyal tread: piétiner, bande de roulement, chape, giron, fouler aux pieds, faire les cent pas, semelle, marcher sur, fouler treason: trahison tree: arbre, arborescence tremble: trembler, tremblent, tremblement trembling: tremblant, tremblement, frémissant trench: tranchée, fosse, fossé trenches: tranchées trenching: creusement de fossés, abattage par tranchée, travaux de creusement, ensouillement trespass: atteinte, offense, entrée sans permission, empiéter trial: jugement, essai, épreuve,

King Henry IV, Part I désolation, procès trick: artifice, truc, mystifier, astuce, tour, ruse trifle: bagatelle, babiole trim: garnir, tailler, décorer, égaliser, ébarber, assiette, rogner trimly: de manière garnie, de façon garnie tripartite: triparti triumph: triomphe, triompher trodden: très fréquentée troth: foi trouble: problème, gêner, déranger, dérangement, panne, difficulté, trouble, ennui troubled: inquiet truant: vagabond true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement trumpet: trompette, barrir, trompeter truncheon: matraque trunk: tronc, coffre, malle, trompe, torse, circuit, jonction, tambour trust: confiance, fiducie, confier, trust, foi, fidéicommis, se fier truth: vérité tuesday: mardi tun: cuve, tonne, foudre tunes: airs turk: turc turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes turned: tournâtes, tournas, tourna, tournai, tournèrent, tournâmes, tourné, retournèrent, retourné, retournâtes, retournas tut: zut twelve: douze twenty: vingt twice: deux fois, bis ugly: laid, vilain, moche, mauvais unbound: non lié unbuttoning: déboutonnant uncertain: incertain, aléatoire, vague uncertainty: incertitude unclasp: défaire, défais, défaisons, défaites, défont uncle: oncle understand: comprendre, comprenez, comprends, comprenons, comprennent, entendre understands: comprend undertake: entreprendre, entreprennent, entreprenons, entreprends, entreprenez, se démener undone: défait, annulé, défaites, défaite, défaits

uneven: inégal, accidenté, irrégulier ungracious: incivil unhappy: malheureux, mécontent unjust: injuste unkind: maussade unless: à moins que, à moins de, sauf unloaded: déchargé, déchargea, déchargeai, déchargeâmes, déchargeas, déchargeâtes, déchargèrent unlucky: malchanceux, malheureux unprofitable: non rentable unruly: indocile, indiscipliné unsorted: vrac untaught: ignorant, spontané unthankful: ingrat unwelcome: importun urged: exhorté usage: usage, coutume, utilisation utmost: extrême utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux valiantly: vaillamment, de manière vaillante, de façon vaillante valour: courage, valeur, vaillance valued: estimé vanity: vanité, futilité vapours: vapeurs, buée variation: variation, déclinaison, variante, fluctuation vassal: vassal vault: voûte, chambre forte vein: veine, filon, veiner, nervure velvet: velours vengeance: revanche, vengeance venture: risquer, aventurer, oser, entreprise, oser entreprendre, aventure, hasarder veriest: le plus très vice: vice, étau, vertu vigilant: vigilant vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme vilely: de manière vile, de façon vile villain: scélérat villainous: vil, infâme villainy: infamie vintner: négociant en vins violation: violation, infraction, viol violently: violemment, de manière violente, de façon violente virtue: vertu virtuous: vertueux virtuously: de manière vertueuse, vertueusement, de façon vertueuse visit: visite, visiter, visites, visitent, visitez, visitons, aller voir vocation: vocation vouchsafe: accorder vow: voeu

William Shakespeare vulgar: vulgaire, trivial wag: farceur, remuer wage: salaire, appointements, gaine, paie waist: taille, corset wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente waiting: attendant, attente wake: sillage, réveiller, se réveiller, se lever, s'éveiller wales: Galles, Pays De Galles walk: marcher, marches, marchons, marchent, marchez, promenade, marche, démarche, se promener walking: marchant, marche, promenade walks: marche wan: blême, pâle, falot wandering: errant, vaguant, vagabond, errance, nomade wanton: dévergondé wantonness: dévergondage, libertinage, gratuité ward: quartier, salle, pupille, service wardrobe: penderie, armoire wards: défenses warlike: guerrier, belliqueux warm: chaud, chauffer, cordial, chaleureux warrant: garantir, assurer, cautionner, mandat, warrant, bon de souscription, garantie warrior: guerrier, militaire wars: guerres washes: lave wasted: gaspilla, gaspillèrent, gaspillâtes, gaspillas, gaspillâmes, gaspillai, gaspillé, prodiguèrent, gâché, gâchâtes, gâchas watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer watering: arrosage, abreuvement ways: glissière, façons weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou wealth: richesse, fortune wear: usure, porter, avoir, user weary: las, fatigué weasel: belette weather: temps weaver: tisserand, tisseur wednesday: mercredi weeps: pleure weight: pesanteur, masse, balance, coefficient de pondération, charge, graisse welcome: bienvenue, accueil, accueillir, bienvenu, accueilles, accueille, accueillent, accueillez, accueillons, recevoir solennellement welsh: gallois

welshman: gallois wench: jeune fille, gosse, fille wept: pleuras, pleurâtes, pleurai, pleuré, pleurâmes, pleurèrent, pleura westward: vers l'ouest wheel: roue, volant, galet whelp: couteau pour voûte de four, chienner, petit, savon de grande longueur whence: d'où whereby: par lequel wherefore: pourquoi wherein: où whistle: siffler, sifflet, sifflement, coup de sifflet, siffloter whistling: sifflement, sifflant whit: brin whither: où whom: qui whose: dont, duquel, de qui wicked: mauvais, méchant wide: large, ample, étendu, vaste, grand wife: femme, épouse wild: sauvage wildfire: feu de friches, feu sauvage wilfully: de manière obstinée, de façon obstinée willingly: volontiers, de manière volontaire, volontairement, de façon volontaire wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez wind: vent, enrouler, emmailloter, bobiner windmill: moulin à vent, éolienne wine: vin winged: ailé, blessé wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent wisdom: sagesse, intelligence wise: sensé, raisonnable wisely: sagement, de manière sensée, de façon sensée wish: souhait, désir, désirer, souhaiter, vouloir, volonté, gré witch: sorcière withdraw: retirer, retire, retirent, retires, retirez, retirons, décéder, prélever withered: flétri, fané withers: garrot witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner womanhood: féminité womb: utérus won: gagnâmes, gagnèrent, gagnas,

151 gagnai, gagna, gagnâtes, Gagné, remportèrent, remporta, remportai, remportâmes wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander wondrous: merveilleux wood: bois word: mot, parole, promesse worms: vers worse: pire, plus mauvais worship: adorer, adoration, vénération, vénérer worst: pire, le plus mauvais worth: valeur, mérite worthy: digne wound: blessure, blesser, plaie wounded: blessé, blessés wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux write: écrire, écris, écrivent, écrivez, écrivons, composer, rédiger writer: auteur, écrivain, rédacteur writes: écrit written: écrit wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal wrung: tordu ye: vous, toi, tu yea: oui yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer yielder: vérificateur à l'emballage yon: y, là younger: plus jeune yours: vôtre yourself: vous youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes youthful: jeune, juvénile

152