Books in My Science Library: Animal Adaptations Animal Habitats Earth’s Changing Surface Floating and Sinking I Use a Mouse Living or Nonliving?
Magnet Power Matter Comes in All Shapes Me and My Shadow: A Book about Light Plant Adaptations Plant Life Cycles What’s the Weather Like Today?
www.rourkeclassroom.com Printed in China
Earth’s Changing Surface Storad Rourke Classroom
Have you ever wondered about the science all around us? Plants grow and change, the Sun rises to warm the Earth, and matter changes from one form to another. Investigate Life, Physical, Earth, and Technology science topics with Rourke’s My Science Library. This library explores NSTA science standards with engaging text and colorful images to support readers from kindergarten to third grade. Are you ready to investigate?
Level: J Word Count: 191 100th Word: Earth’s (page 11)
jectives d A : y r la Vocabu e words r a s e iv t Adjec k in ribe. Loo c s e d t a th ds Find wor . k o o b the cribe , that des le: giant p m a x e (For . k, deep) big, quic
Comprehension & Extension:
Sight Words I Used:
1. Read the title.
• Summarize:
are of out when with
Predictions – after reading the title have children make predictions about the book.
2. Take a book walk.
Talk about the pictures in the book. Use content words from the book as you take the picture walk.
Have children find one or two words they know as they do a picture walk.
3. Have children find words they recognize in the text. 4. Have children read the remaining text aloud. 5. Strategy Talk – use to assist children while reading. • Get your mouth ready • Look at the picture • Think…does it make sense • Think…does it look right • Think…does it sound right • Chunk it – by looking for a part you know
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6. Read it again. 7. Complete the activities at the end of the book.
Describe some different features of the Earth’s surface. How does the surface of the Earth change?
• Text to Self Connection:
Have you ever been on a trip with your friends or family? If you could visit any part of the world, where would you go? Why would you like to go there?
• Extension:
The book discussed many different ways the surface of the Earth can change. Draw a picture of something you thought was interesting and write about why you chose it.
My Science Library
1-2
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Tips on Reading this Book with Children:
l L e ve
s
ocus: aching F
Vocabulary Check: Use glossary words in a sentence.
Earth’s Changing Surface by Conrad J. Storad Science Content Editor: Kristi Lew
www.rourkeclassroom.com
Science content editor: Kristi Lew A former high school teacher with a background in biochemistry and more than 10 years of experience in cytogenetic laboratories, Kristi Lew specializes in taking complex scientific information and making it fun and interesting for scientists and non-scientists alike. She is the author of more than 20 science books for children and teachers. © 2012 Rourke Publishing LLC All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publisher. www.rourkeclassroom.com To Jacob and Bennett. Never stop learning! -- Grandpa Top Photo credits: Cover © beboy, Cover logo frog © Eric Pohl, test tube © Sergey Lazarev; Page 5 © Ragnarock; Page 6 © wacpan; Page 7 © Fremme, hagit berkovich; Page 9 © Anthro; Page 10 © ollirg; Page 11 © Vulkanette; Page 12 © hagit berkovich; Page 13 © Jerry Sharp; Page 15 © Anton Petrus; Page 16/17 © Fremme; Page 19 © Angel’s Gate Photography; Page 21 © Ryszard Stelmachowicz; Editor: Kelli Hicks Cover and page design by Nicola Stratford, bdpublishing.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Storad, Conrad J. Earth’s changing surface / Conrad J. Storad. p. cm. -- (My science library) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-61741-736-8 (Hard cover) (alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-61741-938-6 (Soft cover) 1. Earth--Surface--Juvenile literature. I. Title. QE511.S7238 2012 551.3--dc22 2011003868 Rourke Publishing Printed in China, Power Printing Company Ltd Guangdong Province 042011 042011LP
www.rourkeclassroom.com -
[email protected] Post Office Box 643328 Vero Beach, Florida 32964
Table of Contents Surface Features..................4 Quick Changes.....................8 Slow Changes.....................14 Show What You Know..... 22 Glossary............................... 23 Index..................................... 24
Surface Features The Earth’s surface is made of land and water. It includes the oceans and all of the land above and below the oceans. rter a u ne q ce is o t bou ’s surfa red a y l On rth is cove a E e t of th The res . land ater. w with
4
5
There are many bumps and grooves on Earth’s surface. These bumps and grooves are called landforms. Mou n talle tains ar s e on E t landfo the rm arth .
6
Fast or slow, Earth’s surface is always changing.
slow change
fast change
7
Quick Changes The Earth’s surface is made of many big slabs. Faults are giant cracks between the slabs. These slabs can move and slip past each other at faults.
8
slab slab
fault
9
Sometimes when the slabs move, they get stuck. Earthquakes happen when the slabs start to move again.
10
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Molten rock from inside can spew out in fiery explosions.
11
Landslides and mudslides also cause quick changes.
12
Floods can quickly cover areas of land with water. When the water goes away the land is changed.
13
Slow Changes Not all changes happen fast. Water, ice, and wind slowly wear down rock into tiny bits. This process is called erosion.
14
Oce an w a the shap ves cha nge e and cliffs of beac hes .
15
Over time, rivers can carve deep canyons out of solid rock.
16
The G Ariz rand Ca on n mile a is alm yon in ( o deep 1.61 kilo st one met . ers)
17
Strong winds move sand grain by grain. Giant piles are called dunes. nt e r e diff e b can s es. z e i n s Du and s e shap
18
19
A glacier is a huge mass of snow and ice. It pushes tons of soil as it slowly flows over the surface.
20
Glac ie lake rs help s an t d va o form lleys .
21
1. What do parts of the Earth’s surface look like? 2. Name some of the things that can cause Earth’s surface to change quickly. 3. Explain some of the things that change Earth’s surface slowly. 22
Glossary earthquakes (urth-KWAYKS): sudden, violent shaking of the Earth that may damage buildings and cause injuries erosion (i-ROH-zhuhn): the wearing away of something by water, wind, or glacial ice faults (FAWLTZ): large break in the Earth’s surface where earthquakes can occur glacier (GLAY-shur): a slow-moving mass of ice often found in mountain valleys or polar regions surface (SUR-fis): the outside or outermost layer of something volcano (vahl-KAY-noh): an opening in the Earth’s surface through which molten lava, ash, and hot gases erupt, sometimes violently
23
Index
canyons 16 dunes 18 earthquakes 10 erosion 14 fault(s) 8, 9
glacier(s) 20, 21 mountains 6 oceans 4 volcano 11 wind(s) 14, 18
Websites www.extremescience.com www.geography4kids.com www.kidsgeo.com www.fema.gov/kids/volcano.htm
About the Author Conrad J. Storad is the award-winning author of more than 30 books for young readers. He writes about desert animals, plants, creepy crawlers, and planets. Conrad lives in Tempe, Arizona with his wife Laurie and their little double dapple wiener dog, Sophia. They love to explore Arizona’s deserts and mountains.
24
Photo by Tom Story
Level: J Word Count: 191 100th Word: Earth’s (page 11)
jectives d A : y r la Vocabu e words r a s e iv t Adjec k in ribe. Loo c s e d t a th ds Find wor . k o o b the cribe , that des le: giant p m a x e (For . k, deep) big, quic
Comprehension & Extension:
Sight Words I Used:
1. Read the title.
• Summarize:
are of out when with
Predictions – after reading the title have children make predictions about the book.
2. Take a book walk.
Talk about the pictures in the book. Use content words from the book as you take the picture walk.
Have children find one or two words they know as they do a picture walk.
3. Have children find words they recognize in the text. 4. Have children read the remaining text aloud. 5. Strategy Talk – use to assist children while reading. • Get your mouth ready • Look at the picture • Think…does it make sense • Think…does it look right • Think…does it sound right • Chunk it – by looking for a part you know
1-2
My Science Library
s
l L eve
6. Read it again. 7. Complete the activities at the end of the book.
Describe some different features of the Earth’s surface. How does the surface of the Earth change?
• Text to Self Connection:
Have you ever been on a trip with your friends or family? If you could visit any part of the world, where would you go? Why would you like to go there?
• Extension:
The book discussed many different ways the surface of the Earth can change. Draw a picture of something you thought was interesting and write about why you chose it.
My Science Library
1-2
Te
Tips on Reading this Book with Children:
l L e ve
s
ocus: aching F
Vocabulary Check: Use glossary words in a sentence.
Books in My Science Library: Animal Adaptations Animal Habitats Earth’s Changing Surface Floating and Sinking I Use a Mouse Living or Nonliving?
Magnet Power Matter Comes in All Shapes Me and My Shadow: A Book about Light Plant Adaptations Plant Life Cycles What’s the Weather Like Today?
www.rourkeclassroom.com Printed in China
Earth’s Changing Surface Storad Rourke Classroom
Have you ever wondered about the science all around us? Plants grow and change, the Sun rises to warm the Earth, and matter changes from one form to another. Investigate Life, Physical, Earth, and Technology science topics with Rourke’s My Science Library. This library explores NSTA science standards with engaging text and colorful images to support readers from kindergarten to third grade. Are you ready to investigate?
