Realistic Spirit

Index

Abortion

, 342

Adventure

- 343

, 313 139

,

Analysis

Austin

- 315

. See

. See

, 379

also

also

Ethics

, 320

experimentation

, 335

- 365

and

callousness

, 353 with

comparisons

360

- 361

and

, 363

- 360

, 362

, 336

, 345

on

, 348

issue of

regulation

, 353

, 340

358

- 359

Animals

, 337

, 23

, 319

- 339

- 365

, 344

fellow

- 341

vermin

, 349

, 319

- 323

of

moral

- 330

, 241

, 289

, x , 268

, 277

. H

, J . , 300

, 56

- 59

, 63

116

,

-

, P . , 264 , 328 , M

- 330

, 334

, 351

. , 223

Bolton

, M ,

. , 308

R . , 308

Bradley

, M

Brunton

,

.,

113

L . , 354

Burns

,

Butler

, R . J.,

, 330

, 337

,

- 355

R . , 329 16

, 334

, 334

claims

also

Animal

- 341

199

,

Causation

,

, 90 , 96 - 97

, logical

143 , 339

. See

, R . , 87 - 88

Camap Categories

.,

16 ,

73 , 232

, 237

- 289

-

. See

, 60 - 65

- 105

104

,

also

,

128

-

; Wittgenstein

Frege . See

also

Peirce

- 29

ClarkiS

. L . R . , 26

- 233

, 235

;

Conant

- 317

, 361

. See

also

. , 306

, 299

, 363 , 303

-

, J . , xi , 278

Conventionalism also

Conventions Craig

- 297

, 291

, 239

, 352

, 306

Conceivability , 314

, 232

- 10 , G . K ., 9 , 348

ton

304

, 376

, S . , 28

Chester

See , W

- 50

experimentation

, 315 , 309

, G . , 5 , 24 , 43

Cavell

, 279

, 368

- 334

, 68

Bolton

, 332

, 363 , 332

, 333

Animal

, 331

Ethics Auden

, 329

, 331

Ramsey

, G . E . M

Attention

Austen

;

, 363

Anscombe

, 313

Dead to ; Pets

, 289

, J . , 320

Callousness , 328

/ instruments , 346

- 347

Aristotle

,

)

sources

Anselm

( see

creatures

of

238

also

, 326 on

machines

rights

, 341

, 283

. , 308

, J . , 325

Bloch

; Vegetarianism

experimentation

Art

. See

anthropomorphism

as

, L . , 308

Biology

- 345

) , attitudes

experimentation

346

Becker

Berkeley

- 364

( animals

5peciesism

as

,

- 364

to

, 363

people

339

, M

Bemays

, 360

sentimentalityinattitudes

as

mind

, 281

Batten

Bennett

,

- 354

- 346

- 368

- 97

, K . , 278

Bentham of

, 341

cruelty

as

, A . , 95

Barth

64

moral

and

Baler

- 358

and as

- 350

- 364

compartmentalization

355

- 363

experimentation

, 23 , 320

people

. , 308

, A . J . , 367

;

Frege

Wittgenstein Animal

, A

Ayer

,

, 280

, 205 Wittgenstein , 53 - 56

E . J . , 217

- 219

, 284

, 217

- 218

, 243

.

392

Index

Cruelty, 341, 363. SeealsoAnimal experimentation Currie, G., 118, 144 Davidson, D., 114, 206 Dead people (animals), attitudes to, 321- 324 de la Mare, W., 306, 328- 330 Delehaye, H. 52- 53, 55 Descartes , R., 278- 279 Description, 274, 279- 281, 289. Seealso Ethics; Riddles; Wittgenstein Dewey, J., 337- 339 Dickens, C., 46, 292, 294, 299- 301, 306, 323 Dilemmas, moral, 342 Donagan, A., 264 Dostoyevsky, F., 23- 24 Dummett, M., 73, 84, 88, 92, 97, 108109, 145- 151, 154- 156, 209- 211, 217, 220, 243- 247, 253, 256- 262, 264- 266 Eccles, J., 336, 339 Empiricism, 39- 42, 55- 56, 59- 66 Empson, W., 228 Equality, 320, 332 Ethics, 10- 11. SeealsoMoral philosophy and absolutevalue. SeeWittgenstein, and ethics and adventure, 309, 313- 314, 316, 377 and agreement, 26- 28 and animals. SeeAnimal experimentation; Animals argument in , 291- 308 and attention (inattention, blindness), 25- 26, 296, 299- 300, 306, 309- 318, 357, 359, 361, 374, 377 and critical intelligence, 300- 301, 303304 and criticism of thought, 301- 304, 377 and description, 310- 311, 377, 379 distortion by fantasy, 359 and emotion, 293- 300, 303, 327(see alsoPity) and experience. SeeWittgenstein and facts, 225- 226, 239, 300- 301, 309312, 316- 317, 328, 330, 350- 351, 377 (seealsoBiology) and imagination, 293- 294, 296, 299, 304- 305, 309, 311- 312, 316, 355, 358359, 364, 377

and improvisation, 309, 311- 312, 315316 and irony, 293, 300- 302 and literature, 24, 292- 294, 296- 302, 307, 309, 312, 316 and ' moral law' , 237- 238 and mystery, 313- 314, 371, 377 and nature of world , 377- 378 and objectivity, 295- 296 and philosophical discussion, 291- 295, 302, 304- 305, 307, 309- 311, 316- 317 and philosophical requirements, 2224, 26- 29 and rationality, 8- 9, 23- 24, 295- 297, 304- 307, 332- 333, 350- 351, 353 and realistic spirit , 23- 24, 26 and responsibility, 312 and riddle-thought, 285 and truth , 238- 240, 298 and vision. SeeMoral philosophy Evans, G., 159- 160, 176, 203 Evans-Pritchard, E. E., 221 Existence, 279. SeealsoGod Face(physiognomy), 218, 261. Seealso Wittgenstein of activities, 248- 253 Fantasy. SeeMythology Feldman, M., 334 Fielding, H., 369- 370 Francisof Assisi, 51- 52 Frankena, W., 309- 312, 316- 317 Frege, G., 24, 34, 204, 276 and concepts, 118, 129- 131, 133- 134, 138, 147- 148, 163- 166, 168- 173, 175, 183- 185, 199- 201 and concept-script, 1- 3, 30- 32, 77, 84, 87, 89- 91, 115- 144, 168, 182- 183, 187 and conceptualdeterminacy, 20, 36, 145- 177 and context principle, 77- 80, 97- 98, 107- 109, 111- 113 contrast with Russell, 187- 189 criticism of Hilbert , 136 criticism of BennoKerry. SeeKerry and definition , 145- 161, 163- 164, 166176 and fiction , 148- 151, 158- 160 and function-argument analysis, 2- 3, 81- 86, 90- 91, 120, 128- 138, 141, 162163, 188

Index

393

andgrammar Harman,G., x, 202-203 , 125-127, 141 Hart, W., 381 andidentity, 133-137, 147-149, 155, 160, 166, 175 , M., 87 Heidegger andlanguage Hilbert, D., 136 , 125-127, 140-142, 176, 182, 186-187, 200-201 Hopkins, G. M. H., 303, 352 andlogic, 1- 5, 30, 117-119, 121-122, Humanbeing, conceptof, 323-326, 124- 125, 134- 135, 141-143, 145, 150, 329, 331-333, 350-352 160-164, 167-176, 200-201, 203, 220 andspecialness of humanbeings, andlogicalcategories 348 - 353 , 30, 32, 73-93, 104- 105, 116, 128-138, 141, 179-180, HumeD., 42, 302 , 372 182-183, 200 andmathematics , 146, 171-173 Identity, 199. SeealsoFrege andthemind, 1-5 Imagination, 314- 315, 360, 364. Seealso Hthi('~ andnonsense , 73-93, 95-97, 100-107, 111-112 Isaacs , So,330-331, 365 andobjects Iser, Wo, 369-371 , 129-130, 135-138, 147148, 166, 201 Ishiguro, Ho, 37, 72, 139, 288 andparadoxof heap, 169-170 andphilosophy , 31, 115-116, 142-143, James , Ho, 300, 302, 306-309, 311, 313183-184 317, 368, 375- 377, 380 andpropernames , 73-76, 77-82, 146158, 160, 163, 166-170, 182 Kant, I., 22, 25-26, 29, 31-32, 34-36, andpsychologism 236-238, 285, 289, 376 , 14, 29, 37, 79, 8788, 97- 99 Kerry, B., 183-185, 200 andrealism / antirealism, 128-143 Kessier , G., 93 andreference , 78, 80-81, 83, 91, 145, S., 370 Kierkegaard 166, 169, 175-176 , S., 39, 70 Kripke 's andRussell Krook, D., 372 , 133, 137 paradox andsense , 78, 88-89, 91, 145-163, 175 andsentences , 120-121, 126-127, 161- Lane-Petter, W., 357 162, 164- 176, 180, 185-189, 201 Language-game, 286- 288. Seealso andshowing, 116, 120, 179-183 Wittgenstein andthought, 2- 4, 7, 117-121, 124LawrenceD . H., 379 127, 138, 140-141, 161-164, 168, 170Leavis, F. R., 302 172, 174, 176 Legge, J., 327- 328, 332 on " true," 122-125 Life, senseof, 10, 300, 303, 307, 313andthe unsayable 314, 317, 333 , 116, 120, 140-141, 179-184 Literature anduse, 139 and ethics. SeeEthics andvagueness and moral philosophy. SeeMoral , 2, 145-177 Geach , P. T., 92- 93, 116, 129, 179-182, 185-186, 188, 203, 239-240 God, 225, 237-238, 241, 268, 271-272, 274, 277-289 Goldfarb, W., 11, 37 Goodstein, R. L., 289

Haack,R., 113 Hacker , P. M. S., 113-114, 194 , 51- 57 Hagiography

philosophy and philosophy. SeePhilosophy Little wood Committee, 344 Logic, 1- 9, 13, 29- 32, 35, 41- 42, 56, 143, 202, 252- 253, 258- 260. Seealso Conventionalism; Frege;

McDowell , J., 114, 184- 185, 203 McGuinness , B., 37, 228, 240

394

Index

Malcolm, N., 19, 278, 286 Mallory, G., 313- 314 Marcus, R. B., 342 Mathematics, 1- 3, 9, 24, 34- 35, 217219, 260. SeealsoWittgenstein questionsin , 267- 273, 275, 281- 285 reductioproofs in , 275- 276 Metaphor. SeeWittgenstein Metaphysics, 13- 37 Mill , J. S., 320, 334 Mind , 1- 11 Moore, G. E., 113, 239 Moral philosophy. SeealsoEthics and action, 372- 373, 376- 377 and conceptualanalysis, 367- 368, 380 contrastbetweenmoral philosopher and moralist, 367- 368 and inner life, 373- 374 and mistrust of language, 380 nature of, 367- 381 relation to literature, 367- 381 and sphereof morality, 372- 373, 376377 and universality (particularity), 375376 and vision, 11, 373- 374, 380 Moral wrongness, notion of, 323- 324 Murdoch, I., 306, 373- 377, 380 Mythology (fantasy), 4- 9, 13, 45- 46, SO , 55, 58- 59, 65, 69- 70 Necessity, 276. Seealso Conventionalism; Wittgenstein Nietzsche, F., 370 Nonsense, 1- 2, 31, 73- 114. Seealso Frege; 'Wittgenstein ' falsidal theories, 96 kinds of, 95- 97 Nowell-Smith, P. H., 367, 372- 373 Nussbaum, M., x-xi, 309, 311- 318, 367368, 371- 372, 375- 381 O' Neill , 0 .. 26- 29. 291- 298. 304- 306. 308 Orwell , G., 46, 299, 332

, S., 354-355 Paget Pascal , B., 271-272, 275

Past, reality of. SeeRealism, and antirealism Peacocke , C., 67

Peirce, C. S., 20, 24, 48- 50, 62 Perception, 56- 58. SeealsoBerkeley Pets, 323- 324 Phillips, D. Z., 308 Philosophy, 115, 307. SeealsoFrege; Realism; Wittgenstein and ethics. SeeEthics; Moral philosophy as liberating, 31- 33, 139 and literature, 370- 372(seealsoMoral philosophy) and religion, 268, 282, 286- 287 and requirements, 20- 36 Pity (pitylessness, relentlessness ), 329, 333- 334 Plato, 25, 371 Practicality, 359- 360, 362- 364 Prior, A., 96 Prophecy, 271- 272 Proverbs, 25- 26, 35 Psychologism, 14, 29, 31- 32. Seealso Frege; Logic; Mind Public health, 362- 363 Punier, B., 130 Putnam, H. 70 Quine, W. V. 0 ., 108- 109, 111- 113 Ramsey, F. P., 39, 41- 42, 56, 59- 67 RaphaelD . D., 367- 372, 378- 379 Reading, 23- 24, 303- 304, 313- 316, 356, 369- 372, 377, 379 Realism, 5- 6 and anti-realism, 15- 17, 128- 143, 203, 209- 214(seealsoFrege; Wittgenstein) and realistic spirit , 19- 20, 37, 39- 71 (seealsoEthics) Regan, T., 319- 322, 325 Relations, internal, 246- 252. Seealso Wittgenstein Religion. SeeGod; Philosophy; Wittgenstein Resnik, M., 176 Rhees, R., x, 37, 71, 235, 237, 263, 265 Ricketts, T., 11, 14, 36- 37, 176, 204 Riddles, 25, 33- 36, 267- 289 Rolleston, G., 360- 361 Rorty, R., xi Ruskin, J., 233- 234 Russell, B., 3, 8, 24, 45, 91, 133, 137, 139, 199- 201

Index of Russellian analysis , significance 186-191 Ryder, R., 319-320

395

White, R. J., 346, 364- 365 Williams, B.AiD ., 3 Winch, P. G., 11, 37 Wisdom, J., 28 Schweitzer, A., 355, 362 Wittgenstein Science, 337, 360- 362, 364 and agreement, 28, 66- 67, 70, 206- 209 Self-deception and analysis, 136, 184, 187, 190- 191, , 231, 238 . SeeFrege Sense 193 ; ; Logic; Nonsense Sentences and arbitrariness, 243- 266 ; Wittgenstein . SeealsoFrege Sentences ; Wittgenstein comparisonwith Berkeley. See senseof, 104- 105, 109-113 Berkeley and concepts, 154 , 363. SeealsoAnimal Sentimentality and concept-script (logical notation), experimentation Sexualdifference of 351 -352 116, 118- 121, 126- 127, 132, 184, 197 , concept , and conceptualincoherence, 210- 211, , W., 33, 35 Shakespeare 213- 215, 217 , D. 289 Shwayder and conservatism, 34 , P., 7, 23, 319-322, 325-326, 328, Singer 345 and context principle, 112 as conventionalist, 205- 206, 243- 266 , 324-325, 331, 341 Slavery Sloman and description, 221- 222, 253- 254, , A., 262 262- 263, 265, 269, 273- 274, 276 Sluga, H., 115-116, 203 Socrates , 25, 309-312, 316-317 disagreementswith Frege, 118- 121, 126- 127, 175- 176, 179- 180, 185- 188, , 319 Speciesism D. 365 199- 201, 265 , , Sperlinger Sterne and empiricism, 39- 71 , L., 333 Strawson and ethics, 9- 11, 225- 226, 235- 239, , P. F., 371 Stroud, B., 220 241 Sturt, G., 358, 365 and experience, 225- 226, 232- 235, 264 Swift, J., 323 face, notion of, 6, 13- 14, 21, 207, 243 and grammar, 4, 6, 126- 127, 197, 213Tanner 217, 222, 234, 264, 286 , M., 381 Tarski, A., 112-113 and idealism, 212 and internal relations, 206- 207(seealso Thought, 1- 5, 7, 30, 32, 115-143, 298, 303, 377. SeealsoFrege ; Wittgenstein Wittgenstein, and secondarysense) and language, 105, 126- 128, 186, 193, L., 374-375 Tolstoy 194, 201, 219, 225, 234, 236, 261 , M., 308 Tooley Truth, 53-57, 117. SeealsoEthics and language-games, 256- 257, 286287 Use, 30- 32, 138- 139. Seealso and logic, 2- 8, 14, 29- 32, 36, 41- 43, 61, 119, 128, 143, 175- 176, 184- 185, Wittgenstein Utilitarianism, 323 196, 200- 203, 206, 243- 245, 252, 256261, 265- 266 and logical categories, 77, 104- 105, . SeeFrege; Wittgenstein Vagueness 132, 179- 180, 194, 200 Veatch, R. M., 364 and logical connectives, 192- 193 Vegetarianism, 320- 323, 326- 327, 333, and logical truth , 192- 193, 198, 200346, 348 201, 254- 255, 265-266 Verificationism, 48, 59, 65, 70 and mathematics, 22, 24, 27, 34, 41, 202, 205, 211, 219- 222, 244- 249, 251Waismann, F., 265 253, 255, 259- 260, 264, 267, 269- 270, We'll, S., 374 273 Weiner, J., 11, 29, 204

396

Index

Wittgenstein (cont.) and meaning, 229, 232- 233, 240, 256 and metaphor (simile), 226- 228, 236 and metaphysics, 13, 16- 20, 32, 37 and the mind, 2- 5 and mythology (fantasy) 4, 6, 22, 45 and necessity, 6, 14, 184, 194- 196, 198, 200, 205, 209, 216- 221, 243- 266 and nonsense(senselessness ), 2, 4, 20, 34- 35, 38, 73, 89- 91, 95- 96, 100107, 132, 181, 194- 198, 253- 255, 278 and objectivity, 214- 215, 217, 238, 256-257, 264 philosophical criticism in , 6- 7, 37, 4547, 257- 259 on philosophy, 17- 19, 21- 22, 31- 37, 39, 41, 68, 139, 143, 179- 186, 194, 196- 199, 202- 203, 214- 215, 217, 222, 234, 257, 264, 370- 371 and pictures, 211, 213, 237, 245, 252253, 257- 259, 264 and privacy, 21, 107, 240, 276 on F. P. Ramsey. SeeRamsey and realism/antirealism , 15- 18, 39, 41, 39- 71, 142, 194, 202- 203, 207- 209, 211- 213, 217, 266 relation betweenearly and later thought, 4- 6, 9, 17, 20, 32, 37, 143, 179, 202, 205- 206, 209, 217, 266 and religion, 225, 236- 237, 286, 289 and riddles, 267 and rules, 5, 21, 64- 70, 185, 206- 208, 211, 214 and Russelliananalysis, 186- 191 and secondarysense, 225- 241 and the self, 3 and sense, 7- 8, 128, 257 and sentences , 120- 121, 126- 128, 180, 184- 201 and set theory, 286- 287 showing, notion of, 36- 37, 120, 179182, 184, 194- 195, 198, 266 and the soul, 44 and theory of types, 91 and thought, 119- 121, 126- 127, 257 and truth , 238- 239 and truth -functions, 201 and the unsayable, 19, 32, 120, 180-

- 198 182 , 184 , 194 , 289 anduse,32-33, 139 , 240 , 262

and vagueness , 175 and verificationism, 48, 65 Wollheim, R., 378 Woozley, A.D., xi, 72, 308 Wordsworth, W., 297- 298, 306- 307 Wright, C.. 15, 202- 223