Fight Back! A Reader on The Winter of Protest

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Author: Dan Hancox

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Feedback on Fight Back! For Fight Back! references, news, follow-ups, and to offer your own links, feedback, and suggestions for further reading on the protests, please visit the Fight Back! page, at http://opendemocracy.net/ ourkingdom/ourkingdom/fight-back.

http://www.bit.ly/fightbackUK

A Reader on the Winter of Protest Editor: Dan Hancox Editorial Kettle: Guy Aitchison, Siraj Datoo, Cailean Gallagher, Laurie Penny, Aaron Peters and Paul Sagar

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Publishing and Design Team

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6

Contents

Contents NOTE FROM THE EDITOR ............................................................. 10 FOREWORD .................................................................................. 12 >7FJ;H !?=>J!EH/>;!KJKH;

Anthony Barnett, openDemocracy

OVERVIEWS ................................................................................. 30 >7FJ;H 4EKI7OOEKM7DJ7H;LEBKJ?ED

Laurie Penny and Rowenna Davies, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H !HECJ>;-;79J?L;JEJ>;H;7J?L;

Cailean Gallagher, Oxford Left Review

>7FJ;H />;*F;D].EKH9?D=E<+EB?J?97B9J?L?IC#EMJ>;?DJ;HD;J7D: D;JMEHAI>;BF8K?B:H;I?IJ7D9;

Guy Aitchison and Aaron Peters

THE DEMONSTRATIONS ................................................................ 62 >7FJ;H $DI?:;J>;(?BB87DA/EM;HH?EJI

Laurie Penny, New Statesman

>7FJ;H />;.?=D?

Guy Aitchison, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H $M7I>;B:7J7IJK:;DJFHEJ;IJ<EHEKHI

Sophie Burge, TheSite.org

>7FJ;H *D-?EJI7D:&;JJB;I +HEJ;IJI7D:1?EB;D9;

Paul Sagar, Bad Conscience

>7FJ;H &;JJB;:$D+7HB?7C;DJ.GK7H;

Siraj Datoo, The Student Journals

>7FJ;H +EIJCE:;HD?IC?DJ>;.JH;;JIJ>;J79J?9IE7D=?D=

Jonathan Moses, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H

&;JJB?D=^7D7JJ79AEDJ>;H?=>JJEFHEJ;IJ

Oliver Huitson, openDemocracy

THE OCCUPATIONS .......................................................................96 >7FJ;H ;OED:/>;*99KF7J?ED

Oliver Wainwright, Building Design

>7FJ;H JJ>;*99KF7J?ED

Joanna Biggs, London Review of Books

>7FJ;H #EKHI?DJ>;-7:?97B7C;H7

Genevieve Dawson

>7FJ;H $DJ;HL?;MM?J>7-EO7B#EBBEM7O7D7H9>?IJ

Asher Goldman, Libcom.org

>7FJ;H />;*99KF7J?EDE<.F79;

Owen Hatherley, openDemocracy

THE FLASH MOBS....................................................................... 124 >7FJ;H +HEJ;IJMEHAI %KIJBEEA7JJ>;FHEE<

7

Contents Johann Hari, The Independent

>7FJ;H />;F>?BEIEF>?97BI?=D?

Alan Finlayson ,openDemocracy

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UK Uncut, Big Society Revenue & Customs

THE UNIVERSITIES ......................................................................138 >7FJ;H 0D?L;HI?J?;I?D7D7=;E

Aaron Peters, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H H?J7?D =H;;JJ>;7=;E;H :K97J?ED^7D 7H=KC;DJ7D:7:;87J;

Alan Finlayson and Tony Curzon Price, openDemocracy

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Peter Johnson, openDemocracy

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Rosemary Bechler, openDemocracy

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Trevor Smith, openDemocracy

THE UNDER 19S .......................................................................... 176 >7FJ;H />;H;7BD7JKH;E; (:;87J;

Anthony Painter, Left Foot Forward

>7FJ;H (.JEH?;I(OHEJ>;H >7HB?;(7HJ?D

Ben Martin

>7FJ;H (.JEH?;IDKC8?B?97B9EH:JE;:K97J?ED

Ben Braithwaite

>7FJ;H 2;7H;DEJJ>;/EFI>EF=;D;H7J?ED

Anna Mason, UK Uncut

>7FJ;H +>OI?97BBOI?9A

Tasha Bell

THE STATE AND VIOLENCE ......................................................... 196 >7FJ;H -?EJEKI+HEJ;IJ^7D D=B?I>JH7:?J?ED

Daniel Trilling, New Statesman

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Jeremy Gilbert, New Statesman

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Ryan Gallagher, openDemocracy

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Tom Griffin, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H $C7=;E;4;7H

James Butler, Pierce Penniless

8

Contents

>7FJ;H ";E=H7F>?;IE;&;JJB;EDJ7?DC;DJ .F;9J79B;EKDJ;H] .JH7J;=O

Rory Rowan, Critical Legal Thinking

THE TRADE UNIONS ................................................................... 236 >7FJ;H 0D?EDI =;JI;J<EH87JJB;

Len McCluskey, The Guardian

>7FJ;H %KIJM>7J:E;IJ>;"K7H:?7DJ>?DAJH7:;KD?EDI7H;<EH

Keith Ewing, openDemocracy

>7FJ;H ECC;DJED&;?J> M?D=

John Stuttle, openDemocracy

THE AESTHETICS ....................................................................... 246 >7FJ;H *Da+HEJ;IJb.?=DIJ>;.?=D?

Jesse Darling, Brave New What

>7FJ;H />?I?IEKHH?EJ+*2

Dan Hancox

>7FJ;H $C7=;IE<-;7B?JO7D:.JK:;DJ.KHH;7B?IC

Adam Harper, Rouges Foam

THE GENERATIONS ..................................................................... 278 >7FJ;H 2?BBJ>;Z/;DI[JHKCFJ>;Z.?NJ?;I[

Anthony Barnett, New Statesman

>7FJ;H />;);M.EKD:E;.JH;;JI

Gerry Hassan, The Scotsman

>7FJ;H />;(EHD?D=<J;H/>;!?=>J;<EH;

Nick Pearce, IPPR

>7FJ;H *KJM?J>J>;EB:FEB?J?9I

Laurie Penny, The Guardian

>7FJ;H $IJ>;IJK:;DJI[9ED

Maeve McKeown, UCL Occupation Blog

AFTERWORDS ............................................................................. 304 >7FJ;H 2>OM;I>EKB:D[J9;DJH7B?I;J>;IJK:;DJCEL;C;DJFHEJ;IJ J79J?9I7D:M7OI<EHM7H:

Markus Malarkey, Ceasefire

>7FJ;H 2>7JD;NJ<EHJ>;0&IIJK:;DJCEL;C;DJ

Guy Aitchison, openDemocracy

APPENDICES............................................................................... 320 >7FJ;H 7CF7?=DI7D:-;IEKH9;I

>7FJ;H ?I9KII?ED

>7FJ;H /M?JJ;H

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Third Estate

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Third Estate

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Third Estate

9

Note From The Editor

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11

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

Foreword: A Fight For The Future Anthony Barnett

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Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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18

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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21

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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22

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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23

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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24

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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Foreword: A Fight For The Future

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28

Foreword: A Fight For The Future

29

Overviews

OVERVIEWS

30

You say you want a revolution...

You say you want a revolution... Laurie Penny and Rowenna Davies, openDemocracy

How to believe in change? This exchange was published in July 2010 but it prefigures the energy and issues released by the protests that erupted in November and December, and expresses the frustrations that were building up well before the Conservative-Liberal Democrat government announced its plans for higher education.

Laurie Penny: )EJ;L;HO=;D;H7J?ED=;JIJ>;FEB?J?9I?J:;I;HL;I 2>;D 878O8EEC;H@EKHD7B?IJI7D:FEB?J?9?7DIJ7BA78EKJ;D=7=?D= M?J>OEKJ>FEB?J?9I M>7JJ>;O=;D;H7BBOC;7D?I;D=7=?D= M?J>797K9KIE<;D;H=;J?9 9ECFB?7DJKD:;H]IM>E7H; M?BB?D=JE=?L;J>;?HJ?C;<EH
)EMCEH;J>7D;L;H J>;OEKD=F;EFB;E<H?J7?DD;;:JE 8;B?;L;EKHI;BL;ICEH;J>7D79EBOJ;IJEJ>;IJ7?: 8EH?D= B?8;H7B?ICE
/>;H;97D8;DEGK;IJ?EDJ>7JJ>;9ED:?J?EDI7H;H?=>J<EH 7OEKJ>CEL;C;DJ />;OEKD=F;EFB;E<H?J7?D7H;IK<<;H?D= 8HKJ7B ?DIKBJ?D=IE9?E];9EDEC?9EFFH;II?ED />;H;7H;EL;H7 C?BB?EDOEKD=F;EFB;E?9>?I7FEB?J;M7OE?J9H;;AM?J>EKJ7=?HE

+EB?J?9?7DI@EIJB;<EHJ>;CEIJFKD?I>?D=FEI?J?EDED M;B<7H;H;<EHC7IC?BB?EDIEEDIJ7J;8;D;7DJ>EI;EKHF7H;DJIM;H;78B; JE9B7?C?DJ>;?HIKCC;H>EB?:7OI 2>;H;J>;878O8EEC;HI ;D@EO;:KDF7H7BB;B;:IE9?7BCE8?B?JO C7DOE7JJ>;EFFEI?J;?IJ>;97I; 7IM;7H;I>KJEKJE; 31

You say you want a revolution...

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32

You say you want a revolution...

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33

You say you want a revolution...

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35

You say you want a revolution...

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37

You say you want a revolution...

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38

From the Reactive to the Creative

From the Reactive to the Creative Cailean Gallagher, Oxford Left Review

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39

From the Reactive to the Creative

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The Open-Sourcing of Political Activism: How the internet and networks help build resistance

The Open-Sourcing of Political Activism: How the internet and networks help build resistance Guy Aitchison and Aaron Peters

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The Open-Sourcing of Political Activism: How the internet and networks help build resistance

61

The Demonstrations

THE DEMONSTRATIONS After the publication of the Browne Report in October 2010, there was a surge of dissent and debate, in response to the radical changes to the British education system that lay ahead. To take part in the protest movement in November and December was to experience an intense, ever-evolving process that began with a traditional march, and ended with a siege of parliament itself. On 10 November, the first major demonstration against the Conservative-Lib Dem coalition proposals took place. Over 50,000 students and sympathetic parties took to the streets, and several hundred occupied the Conservative HQ at Millbank Tower in London, cheered on by thousands more. In the month that followed Millbank, a series of street demonstrations took place in the capital, supported by numerous other actions, protests and occupations across the country in opposition to the government's fees and cuts agenda. Each of the major protests was characterised by different tactics and effects – and widely identified by the Twitter hashtags protesters used to follow developments: #dayx, #dayx2, and #dayx3. The first, #dayx, was characterised by the iconoclastic storming and occupation of Millbank. The second, #dayx2, became known as ‘the cat-and-mouse protest’, because it saw separate tributaries of the main demonstration spontaneously split off to escape Police kettling, running miles through the London snow from Victoria to Bank, from the Barbican to Trafalgar Square.

62

The Demonstrations

The third, #dayx3, took place on the day the House of Commons voted in favour of the rise in tuition fees: as the vote was passed, shortly after 5.30pm, thousands of protesters remained kettled directly outside in Parliament Square. The protesters variously danced, chanted, made new friends, clashed with Riot Police, and even tried to storm the Treasury building – later, over a thousand protesters were kettled on Westminster Bridge, in a situation so dangerous a doctor warned that a Hillsborough type disaster had been only narrowly averted. Each demonstration was different, in its tactics, and in the effect it produced. As Jonathan Moses writes in this section, “a British institution – the protest march – was undergoing a transformative moment”.

63

Inside the Millbank Tower riots

Inside the Millbank Tower riots Laurie Penny, New Statesman

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Postmodernism in the Streets: the tactics of protest are changing

Postmodernism in the Streets: the tactics of protest are changing Jonathan Moses, openDemocracy

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Kettling – an attack on the right to protest Oliver Huitson, openDemocracy

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The Occupations

THE OCCUPATIONS While students and activists took to the streets in protest, there were the in-between times to think about – and the need to inculcate greater support, awareness, and activist skills within the student movement: over 30 universities across the country went into occupation, many for weeks, with students living, eating, and sleeping in the occupied space. This had great practical benefits, creating spaces to share ideas, build solidarity networks, and plan future protests and actions – and it was also, as Owen Hatherley argues, a symbolic response to the wider privatisation of public space that New Labour had pursued: “It is a protest against the coalition, to be sure, but it's also a magnificent rejection of the fear, quietism and atomisation that was the result of earlier policies. The students' use of space is fearless.”

96

Beyond The Occupation

Beyond The Occupation Oliver Wainwright, Building Design

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98

Beyond The Occupation

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At The Occupation

At The Occupation Joanna Biggs, London Review of Books

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Interview with a Royal Holloway anarchist

Interview with a Royal Holloway anarchist Asher Goldman, Libcom.org

This is an excerpt from an interview with Dan, a former member of the Aotearoa Workers Solidarity Movement who is now living in the UK, and was involved in a two day long occupation at his university in London. Dan:.JK:;DJ79J?L?IJIB;7HDJ7L7BK78B;B;IIED7J(?BB87DA ^M>;H;9ECFB?7DJFHEJ;IJ<7?BIJE97FJKH;C;:?77JJ;DJ?ED J>;J7H=;J;:?DL7I?EDE;;D:E< )EL;C8;H H?J?I>;:K97J?ED?DIJ?JKJ?EDI>7:I;;D E99KF7J?EDI7BED=M?J>(+IE<
Asher: 4EKE99KF?;:OEKHKD?L;HI?JO<EHEL;HJME:7OI^ >EMM7IJ>;J79J?9:;9?:;:KFED7D:J>;DFK8B?9?I;:#EM C7DOF;EFB;JEEAF7HJ 7D::?:J>;OJ;D:JE9EC;; H7:?97BB;<JEHM;H;J>;OCEH;H;FH;I;DJ7J?L;E;KD?L;HI?JO FEFKB7J?ED?D=;D;H7B2>7J>7FF;D;::KH?D=J>; E99KF7J?ED Dan: />;M;;A7<J;HJ>;;L;DJI7J(?BB87DA J>;DJ?] KJIBB?7D9;7JCOKD?_-EO7B#EBBEM7O 0D?L;HI?JOE< 'ED:ED`>;B:7FK8B?9C;;J?D=7JJ;D:;:8O78EKJ IJK:;DJI B;9JKH;HI7D:IKFFEHJ;HI *L;HJ>H;;>EKHIM; :?I9KII;: :;87J;:7D:LEJ;:KFEDJ>;:?H;9J?EDM;M7DJ;: J>;CEL;C;DJJEJ7A;EDEKH97CFKI J>;FH?D9?FB;IM;[: 7:>;H;JE7D::;<;D: 7D:J>;J79J?9IM;[:KI;JE79>?;L;EKH =E7BI $JM7I7JJ>?IC;;J?D=J>7JJ>;:;9?I?EDJEE99KFOM7I C7:; <;M:7OIB7J;H 7BBJ>;BE=?IJ?9IM;H;7HH7D=;:7D: 78EKJ E;8K?B:?D=KI;:8O9EBB;=; C7D7=;C;DJ <J;H7 ]C?DKJ;:;87J;M?J>J>;+H?D9?F7B 7D:1?9;+H?D9?F7B M;I;JJB;:?D7D:;]C7?B;:J>;;DJ?H; 113

Interview with a Royal Holloway anarchist

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Interview with a Royal Holloway anarchist

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123

The Flash Mobs

THE FLASH MOBS UK Uncut, taxes and direct action It was the snide retort of countless mainstream media commentators that the student protests were entirely narcissistic: concerned only with disruption to their own lives as undergraduates. This ignored the reality on the ground – that protesters carried banners, chanted, and held views indicating dissent with government policies far beyond the rise in tuition fees. But to grab the attention of those same mainstream media commentators was going to need a different approach. Step forward UK Uncut, whose witty, daring flash mobs targeted major high street shops, to spread the word that while government cuts would disproportionately hit the poorest members of society, ultra-rich corporations were evading billions of pounds they owed to the exchequer: and thus, to everyone. As Alan Finlayson writes: “Media corporations, polluting industries and greedy banks take actions that affect us directly. In challenging or resisting those effects, why dilute energies by diverting them through the Whitehall bureaucracy?” In other words: let’s cut out the middle-men.

124

Protest works. Just look at the proof

Protest works. Just look at the proof Johann Hari, The Independent

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The philosophical significance of UK Uncut

The philosophical significance of UK Uncut Alan Finlayson, openDemocracy

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'Santa Glue-In' as 55 Anti-Cuts Protests Hit Tax Dodgers Across The Country

'Santa Glue-In' as 55 AntiCuts Protests Hit Tax Dodgers Across The Country UK Uncut, Big Society Revenue & Customs Press release: Posted on Sat 18th Dec 2010, 2:33pm

For Immediate Release UK UNCUT: 'SANTA GLUE IN' AS 55 ANTI-CUTS PROTESTS HIT TAX DODGERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY

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137

The Universities

THE UNIVERSITIES The Browne report into higher education published on 6 October did more than raise a lot of questions. Out of it came the policy of tripling student fees in the form of loans, removing any direct government grants to the humanities: marketising higher education and tearing down any public interest in its intrinsic values. At the same time it presumed a distinctly old-fashioned approach. “Policy-makers are persisting with an institutional model that was created in the midst of a different age,” writes Aaron Peters. At the heart of the crisis of university funding lies a debate about the future of higher education, one played out in a series of exchanges between Alan Finlayson and Tony Curzon Price. Ultimately: what are universities for?

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Universities in an age of information abundance

Universities in an age of information abundance Aaron Peters, openDemocracy

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