An INTRODUCTION TO MODERN FAROESE BY
W. B. LOCKWOOD
4. Printing
FØROYA SKÚLABÓKAGRUNNUR
W. B. Lockwood: An Introdu...
409 downloads
1716 Views
13MB Size
Report
This content was uploaded by our users and we assume good faith they have the permission to share this book. If you own the copyright to this book and it is wrongfully on our website, we offer a simple DMCA procedure to remove your content from our site. Start by pressing the button below!
Report copyright / DMCA form
An INTRODUCTION TO MODERN FAROESE BY
W. B. LOCKWOOD
4. Printing
FØROYA SKÚLABÓKAGRUNNUR
W. B. Lockwood: An Introduction to Modern Faroese. Skanning: Repro-Z. Prent: Bookpartner. 4. útgáva, óbroytt. Føroya Skúlabókagrunnur, Tórshavn 2002. ISBN 99918-0-295-9
CONTENTS PREFACE. PRONUNCIATION.
GRAMMAR Page Introductory....................................................................................................... 5 Alphabet § 1 ...................................................................................................... 6 Description of Faroese Sounds. Stress § 2 ........................................................ 6 Short and Long VoweI Quantities § 3............................................................... 8 Vowels and Diphthongs in Detail § 4................................................................ 9 Consonants in Detail § 5 ................................................................................... 14 Alternative Pronunciation of p, t, k ete. § 6....................................................... 22 Omission of Consonants and Assimilation § 7.................................................. 23 Changes in Connected Speech § 8 .................................................................... 24 Intonation § 9 .................................................................................................... 25 INFLEXIONS.
Nouns. Declension of Nouns - Introductory § 10 .......................................................... „ Masculine Nouns §§ 11-14........................................................ „ Feminine Nouns §§ 15-19 ......................................................... „ Neuter Nouns §§ 20-22 .............................................................. Place Names § 23............................................................................................... Formation of Compound Nouns § 24................................................................. „ „ Nouns. Miscellaneous, § 25........................................................ Nouns with the Suffix Definite Article § 26-26a ...............................................
28 28 33 36 38 39 41 42
Adjectives. Strong Declension of Adjectives §§ 27-30 ....................................................... Weak „ „ „ § 31 .......................................................... Indeclinable Adjectives § 32-32a...................................................................... Comparison of Adjectives §§ 33-35 .................................................................
46 50 50 51
Adverbs. Derivation of Adverbs from Adjectives § 36 .................................................... Adverbs of Time, Degree & Manner, Affirmation & Negation §§ 37-39 „ Place denoting Rest at §§ 40-49 .................................................... „ „ „ „ Motiontowards§§50-52 ............................. ........ » „ „ „ „ from§§53-55........................................ Comparison of Adverbs §§ 56-57 .....................................................................
53 54 57 60 61 62
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 10
X Numerals. Page Cardinals §§ 58-59............................................................................................. 64 Ordinals § 60...................................................................................................... 66 Dates § 61 .......................................................................................................... 67 Other Numerate § 62.......................................................................................... 67 Telling the Time § 63......................................................................................... 69 Pronouns. Personal § 64...................................................................................................... Possessive § 65 .................................................................................................. Demonstrative §§ 66-67 ..................................................................................... Interrogative § 68 .............................................................................................. Relative § 69 ..................................................................................................... Indefinite § 70 ....................................................................................................
70 71 71 72 72 72
Verbs. Introductory § 71............................................................................................... Auxiliary Verbs vera, hava, verða, §§ 72-76 .................................................... Modal Auxiliaries § 77...................................................................................... Main Verbs § 78 ................................................................................................ Weak Verbs, General § 79................................................................................. „ Class 1 § 80.............................................................................. „ Cla ss 2 § 8 1 ......................................................................... „ Class 3 § 82............................................................................... „ Class 4 § 83 .............................................................................. Strong Verbs, General § 84 ............................................................................... „ . „ Class 1 § 85 ............................................................................ „ 2 § 86........................................................................... „ 3 § 87 - 88 .................................................................... „ 4 § 89........................................................................... Reflexive Forms § 90 ........................................................................................
73 74 75 76 76 76 77 79 80 81 82 82 82 83 84
OTHER PARTS OF SPEECH.
Conjunctions. Co-ordinating § 91............................................................................................. Subordinating § 92 ............................................................................................ Prepositions. General § 93 ...................................................................................................... Prepositions governing the Accusative §§ 94-96............................................... &Genitive§97 .............................. „ Dative § 98........................................................ ,, „ „ Accusative &Dative § 99 ................................... Prepositions before Place Names §§ 100-101 ................................................... Prepositions in Combination with Adverbs & the Adverbial Use of Prepositions §§ 102-106............................................................................ Interjections § 107 .............................................................................................
Anintroductionto-Modern-Faroese intemet.pdf6 -
I ш
85 86
90 90 91 93 94 97 97 101
28-09-2005 08.58.50
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 11
XI SYNTAX.
_
Collective Use of Nouns § 108 .......................................................................... Use of the Cases §§ 109-113.............................................................................. Definite Article §§ 114-116 ............................................................................... Indefinite Article § 117...................................................................................... Strong Adjectives §§ 118-120 ........................................................................... Weak Adjectives § 121 ...................................................................................... Indeclinable Adjectives § 122............................................................................ Comparative & Superlative §§ 123-124 ............................................................ Numerals in a Partitive Sense § 124a.................................................................
Page 102 102 106 109 110 111 112 113 114
Pronouns, Personal §§ 125-126 .......................................................................................... Possessive § 127 ................................................................................................ Reflexive Use § 127a ......................................................................................... Demonstrative § 128.......................................................................................... Interrogative § 129............................................................................................. Relative § 130 .................................................................................................... Indefinite § 131..................................................................................................
114 116 117 119 121 121 123
Verbs. Use of Tenses § 132 ........................................................................................... Use of vera as an Auxiliary Verb § 133...................... ,..................................... Passive Voice § 134 ........................................................................................... Use of Verbs with the Termination -st § 135 ..................................................... Verbs with the Reflexive Pronoun § 136 ........................................................... Impersonal Verbs § 137 ..................................................................................... Optative Mood § 138 ......................................................................................... Imperative Mood § 139...................................................................................... Infinitive Mood § 140 ........................................................................................ Present Participle § 141 .................................................................................... Past Participle § 142........................................................................................... Supine § 143 ...................................................................................................... Verbs compounded with Adverbs § 144 ............................................................ The Auxiliary Verb eiga § 145 ................................................................... „ ,, „ kunna § 146 .............................................................. . . „ mega §147 ................................................................ „ „ ,, munna § 148 ................................................................. „ skula § 149................................................................. „ vilja §150 .................................................................. „ „ ,, lata §151 ................................................................... Verbs expressing Inchoative Action § 152......................................................... How to render English "can" § 153....................................................................
130 133 134 135 136 136 137 138 138 139 140 141 143 144 145 146 147 148 150 151 151 152
Concord § 154.................................................................................................... 152
Anintroductionto-Modern-Faroese interet.pdf7 -
I ш
28-09-2005 08.58.51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 12
хп Word Order. Page Normal and Inverted Word Order § 155............................................................. 153 Word Order in Relative Clauses § 156 ............................................................... 155 Position of Adverbs § 157 .................................................................................. 156 Incapsulation § 158............................................................................................. 157 READER.
Conversation Piece, Faroese and English ........................................................... Prose Selections ................................................................................................. Verse Selections ................................................................................................. FAROESE GLOSSARY....................................................................................................................................
Anintroductionto-Modern-Faroesemtemet.pdf8 -
I ш
158 168 188 201
28-09-2005 08.58.51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 13
PREFACE Paul W. Harvey was stationed at Sørvágur, Faroe Islands, during the British occupation and acquired a knowledge of the Faroese language. For his own use, he translated into English a primer of accidence, Føroysk Mállæra, published byJákup Dahl in 1909, intend-ing this to be the nucleus of a larger grammar suitable for English students and in this he was grateful for help from Jákup av Skarði. Harvey was, however, unable to carry his plans further at the time and later other commitments prevented him from proceeding with Faroese studies. At Harvey's kind suggestion the present writer undertook to continue the work, but decided to concentrate on the modern language only. It then became increasingly evident that Dahl's book was not a suitable basis for a description of modern Faroese. Like many of his contemporaries Dahl was an archaiser. He discouraged some features which are an indispensable part of Faroese to-day and his book does not always distinguish between obsolete and current forms. In presenting his material he followed the arrangement of Wimmer's Oldnordisk Formlære til Skolebrug (Accidence of Old Norse for Schools), but modern,living Faroese cannot be thus treated - unless there are to be more exceptions than rules. In these circumstances Harvey agreed that it would be best if I prepared an entirely new work in the form of a practical handbook based on average acceptable usage to-day. This book therefore describes the contemporary language only and without reference to its historic evolution. The Faroes possess an extensive literature of traditional ballads composed in somewhat archaic language. These are still widely known, but I felt that the grammatical forms occurring in the ballads and occasionally taken up by some modern writers - could not be treated in this work without obscuring the general picture of the living language, so making the learner's task more difficult. All students of Faroese should possess Føroysk-Donsk Orðabók2 by M. A. Jacobsen and Chr. Matras, 1961, and
An introduction to-Modern-Faroese intemet pdf9
28-09-2005 08 58 51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 14
in this dictionary will find ample information regarding old forms found in the ballads. Owing to long neglect - the language has only come into general use in writing during the present century - Faroese is not yet so regular as English. There is a tendency to write in a style somewhat removed from spoken usage. Many differing forms may be heard, some of which also appear in print, but in this book alternatives have been sparingly quoted. Generally speaking, only those forms are given which seem most likely to survive and become the undisputed standard. It may be added that the present uncertain state of the language, to say nothing of the Danish influence, especially in Tórs-havn itself, often made the choice difficult and perhaps occasionally arbitrary.* The lay-out of the book is as follows: First, the Grammar deals with pronunciation, inflexions and syntax, a knowledge of grammatical terms and customary abbreviations being assumed. It seemed convenient and practical, e.g. under such headings as Adverbs, Numerals, Conjunctions to introduce matter which technically belongs to syntax. Faroese place-names have generally been translated, though uniformity is this respect has not been aimed at. The various points of syntax have often been illustrated with more examples than are strictly necessary, because I think that such additional specimens of natural Faroese will be of more use to the type of student Likely to use this book than a series of graduated exercises would be. Needless to say, all the examples are strictly original Faroese. The Reader begins with a conversation in Faroese and English on facing pages, followed by representative selections of prose and verse. The Faroese Glossary, finally, covers all the words occurring in the Reader and also those words in the examples in the Grammar where their meanings or inflexions are not automatically apparent. A work like the present could not have been written without guidance from native speakers of Faroese. In this connection I owe a debt of gratitude to many, especially to my hosts during two long summers, Josefina and Jóan Christian Poulsen in Hestur and Johanna and Christian Jensen and family in Tórshavn, whose conversation and explanations have furnished a large portion of the material here presented ; the Intonation Specimens are based on electrical recordings * I have discussed some aspects of the present condition of Faroese in an article "Notes on the Faroese Language To-day" printed in Transactions of the Philological Society, Volume for 1950.
An introduction to-Modern-Faroese intemet pdf 10
28-09-2005 08 58 51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 15
made from Ása Jensen's reading. I also received particular assistance from two experienced teachers of Faroese, Betty Rasmussen and Rikard Long. For advice on phonetic problems I am indebted to John Hathaway and Dr. Poul Andersen and especially to Erik Petersen. Napoleon Djurhuus read my work in manuscript and made valuable suggestions. Thanks are likewise due to Valdemar Dalsgaard for his great assistance with the Conversation Piece and to the helpful staff of the National Library in Tórshavn. Last, but certainly not least, I wish to thank Professors Jón Helgason and Christian Matras for their detailed and painstaking criticism of the whole work, which not only saved me from many a slip, but enabled me greatly to improve the presentation of the material generally. Finally I acknowledge with gratitude the financial assistance given me by the University of Birmingham to enable me to pursue my Faroese studies. Publication of the present work was made possible thanks to subventions generously provided by the Faroese Løgting, the Rask-Ørsted Fund and the University of Birmingham. This book is a pioneer work in many ways, for it is the first to attempt an allround description of Faroese. My aim has been to make the language more accessible to Scandinavian specialist and general learner alike, and I sincerely hope that the book will prove useful to all who wish to study the interesting speech of the smallest of the Northern nations. W. B. Lockwood.
An introduction to-Modern-Faroese_internet.pdf 11
28-09-2005 08.58.51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 16
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 17
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 18
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 19
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 20
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 21
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 22
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 23
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 24
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 25
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 26
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:10
Page 27
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 28
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 29
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 30
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 31
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 32
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 33
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 34
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 35
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 36
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 37
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 38
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 39
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 40
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 41
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 42
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 43
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 44
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 45
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 46
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 47
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 48
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 49
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 50
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 51
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 52
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 53
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 54
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 55
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 56
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 57
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 58
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 59
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 60
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 61
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 62
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 63
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 64
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 65
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 66
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 67
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 68
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 69
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 70
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 71
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 72
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 73
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 74
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 75
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 76
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 77
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 78
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 79
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 80
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 81
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 82
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 83
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 84
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 85
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 86
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 87
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 88
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 89
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:11
Page 90
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 91
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 92
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 93
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 94
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 95
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 96
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 97
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 98
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 99
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 100
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 101
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 102
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 103
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 104
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 105
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 106
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 107
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 108
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 109
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 110
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 111
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 112
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 113
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 114
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 115
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 116
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 117
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 118
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 119
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 120
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 121
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 122
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 123
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 124
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 125
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 126
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 127
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 128
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 129
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 130
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 131
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 132
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 133
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 134
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 135
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 136
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 137
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 138
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 139
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 140
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 141
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 142
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 143
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 144
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 145
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 146
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 147
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 148
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 149
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 150
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 151
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 152
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 153
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:12
Page 154
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 155
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 156
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 157
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 158
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 159
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 160
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 161
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 162
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 163
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 164
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 165
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 166
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 167
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 168
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 169
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 170
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 171
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 172
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 173
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 174
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 175
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 176
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 177
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 178
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 179
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 180
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 181
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 182
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 183
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 184
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 185
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 186
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 187
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 188
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 189
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 190
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 191
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 192
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 193
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 194
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 195
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 196
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 197
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 198
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 199
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 200
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 201
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 202
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 203
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 204
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 205
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 206
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 207
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 208
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 209
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 210
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 211
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 212
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 213
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 214
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 215
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 216
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 217
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 218
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 219
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 220
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 221
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 222
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:13
Page 223
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 224
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 225
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 226
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 227
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 228
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 229
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 230
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 231
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 232
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 233
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 234
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 235
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 236
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 237
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 238
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 239
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 240
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 241
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 242
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 243
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 244
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 245
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 246
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 247
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 248
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 249
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 250
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 251
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 252
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 253
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 254
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 255
An introduction to…
22/08/02
13:14
Page 256
