Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music, Volume 65

ISSN 1044-2197 PROFILES OF THE PEOPLE IN MUSIC Tracie Ratiner, Project Editor VOLUME 65 Includes Cumulative Indexes ...

Author: Tracie Ratiner

546 downloads 12630 Views 5MB Size Report

This content was uploaded by our users and we assume good faith they have the permission to share this book. If you own the copyright to this book and it is wrongfully on our website, we offer a simple DMCA procedure to remove your content from our site. Start by pressing the button below!

Report copyright / DMCA form

DOWNLOAD PDF

ISSN 1044-2197

PROFILES OF THE PEOPLE IN MUSIC

Tracie Ratiner, Project Editor VOLUME 65 Includes Cumulative Indexes

Contemporary Musicians, Vol. 65

© 2009 Gale, Cengage Learning

Project Editor: Tracie Ratiner

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Editorial: Laura Avery Image Research and Acquisition: Dean Dauphinais Editorial Support: Natasha Mikheyeva Rights Acquisition Management: Tracie Richardson, Jhanay Williams Imaging: John Watkins Cover Illustration: John Kleber Composition and Electronic Capture: Gary W. Leach

This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. The authors and editors of this work have added value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following: unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classification of the information.

Manufacturing: Cynde Bishop, Rita Wimberley For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Gale Customer Support, 1-800-877-4253. For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions. Further permissions questions can be emailed to [email protected]

While every effort has been made to ensure the reliability of the information presented in this publication, Gale, a part of Cengage Learning, does not guarantee the accuracy of the data contained herein. Gale accepts no payment for listing; and inclusion in the publication of any organization, agency, institution, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or publisher. Errors brought to the attention of the publisher and verified to the satisfaction of the publisher will be corrected in future editions. EDITORIAL DATA PRIVACY POLICY. Does this publication contain information about you as an individual? If so, for more information about our editorial data privacy policies, please see our Privacy Statement at www.gale.cengage.com. Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI, 48331-3535 ISBN-13: 978-0-7876-9615-3 ISBN-10: 0-7876-9615-3

ISSN 1044-2197 This title is also available as an e-book. ISBN-13: 978-14144-5702-4 ISBN-10: 1-4144-5702-2 Contact your Gale sales representative for ordering information.

Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 11 10 09

Contents

Introduction ................................................................. vii

Norman Dello Joio ..............................................................50

Cumulative Subject Index ....................................... 207

Award-winning classical composer Dwele ..................................................................................54

Cumulative Musicians Index ................................... 249

Neo-soul singer and producer John Gary ...........................................................................56

Keith Anderson .....................................................................1

Classic crooner Inara George ......................................................................58

Country music vocalist Ashanti ..................................................................................4

Crafter of alterna-pop Delta Goodrem ...................................................................61

Hip-hop soulstress Emanuel Ax ..........................................................................8

Pop singer and actress Albert Hammond .................................................................64

Pianist who breaks the traditional classical boundaries Beach House ......................................................................10

Singer and producer Emmylou Harris ..................................................................66

Dreamy, melancholy popsters Beck ....................................................................................12

Country music traditionalist Lalah Hathaway ..................................................................70

Musician with an eclectic pop sound Eric Benét ...........................................................................16

Star offspring who has demonstrated her own talent Hawthorne Heights .............................................................72

Contemporary soul singer Carla Bley ...........................................................................20

Hayden ...............................................................................75

Screamo rockers Folk rocker with a classic sound

Cutting-edge jazz composer

Hinder .................................................................................77

Blue Rodeo .........................................................................24

Hard-partying rockers

Roots rockers

Vanessa Hudgens ..............................................................81

Brazilian Girls .....................................................................28

Tween-popular pop singer

Electronic pop quartet

James Hunter .....................................................................83

The Bronx ...........................................................................30

Retro-sounding soul singer

Hardcore punk group

Ja Rule ...............................................................................86

Buckcherry ..........................................................................32

Chart-topping rapper

Hard rockers who launched a successful comeback

Jem .....................................................................................89

Calle 13 ..............................................................................36

Pop singer with an ethereal sound

Blenders of reggaeton and other influences

Waylon Jennings ................................................................91

Ace Cannon ........................................................................39

Country music outlaw

Chameleon-like saxophonist

Ladytron ..............................................................................96

Hayes Carll .........................................................................42

Electonica hipsters

Witty honky-tonk singer

Amos Lee ...........................................................................98

Dorival Caymni ...................................................................45

Eclectic mixer of rock, folk and soul

Poetic composer and singer

Lloyd .................................................................................101

Cute Is What We Aim For ..................................................47

R&B crooner

Rockers who became an online hit

v

vi • Contents

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Love as Laughter ..............................................................103

Project Pat ........................................................................156

Quirky emo rock performer John Mellencamp .............................................................105

Rapper with Southern style Ratatat ..............................................................................158

Rocker with an all-American sound Sergio Mendes .................................................................109

Instrumental-electronica enthusiasts Amy Ray ...........................................................................160

Bandleader of a Latin-influenced, soft-jazz group Alison Moyet .....................................................................113

Breaks out with tougher emotions in her solo work Don Ross ..........................................................................163

Emotive vocalist Mr. Big ...............................................................................117 Hard rockers with a metal edge Mudhoney .........................................................................120 Grunge rock pioneers N.E.R.D. ............................................................................124 Mixers of pop, hip-hop and rock Noa ...................................................................................127 Exciting singer and live performer Old 97’s ............................................................................129 Alt-country rockers James Otto .......................................................................132 Singer of country music with a modern spin Paramore ..........................................................................135 Pop-punk group Leonard Pennario .............................................................138 Classical pianist with an effortless technique Phish .................................................................................141 Jam band with a devoted following Plain White T’s ..................................................................145 Group with a straight-forward and emotive pop sound Player ................................................................................148 Rock group with a laid-back style Portishead .........................................................................150 Trip-hop pioneers Daniel Powter ...................................................................154 Singer-songwriter of power pop tunes

Innovative guitarist Kareem Salama ................................................................165 Performer of country music with an Islamic influence Ron Sexsmith ...................................................................168 Respected and prolific singer-songwriter Sarah Slean ......................................................................171 Multi-talented singer and performer Staind ................................................................................174 Moody rockers Survivor .............................................................................177 Rock group with a revolving door of members Taylor Swift .......................................................................180 Country-music singing prodigy Tokio Hotel ........................................................................183 Pop punkers with an outrageous fashion style The Verve .........................................................................186 Group with a guitar-driven, melodic style Martha Wainwright ............................................................189 Volatile and irreverent singer-songwriter Natalie Walker ..................................................................191 Singer with an ethereal and haunting voice Paul Weller .......................................................................193 Longtime musician with a variety of styles Lee Ann Womack .............................................................198 Country-music hit-maker Rick Wright .......................................................................202 Talented keyboardist Miguel Zeno´n ....................................................................205 Saxophonist with a Latin influence

Introduction

Easy-to-locate data sections: Vital personal statistics, chronological career summaries, listings of major awards, and mailing addresses, when available, are prominently displayed in a clearly marked box on the second page of each entry.

Fills in the Information Gap on Today’s Musicians Contemporary Musicians profiles the colorful personalities in the music industry who create or influence the music we hear today. Prior to Contemporary Musicians, no quality reference series provided comprehensive information on such a wide range of artists despite keen and ongoing public interest. To find biographical and critical coverage, an information seeker had little choice but to wade through the offerings of the popular press, scan television “infotainment” programs, and search for the occasional published biography. Contemporary Musicians is designed to serve that information seeker, providing in one ongoing source in-depth coverage of the important names on the modern music scene in a format that is both informative and entertaining. Students, researchers, and casual browsers alike can use Contemporary Musicians to meet their needs for personal information about music figures; find a selected discography of a musician’s recordings; and uncover an insightful essay offering biographical and critical information.

Biographical/critical essays: Colorful and informative essays trace each subject’s personal and professional life, offer representative examples of critical response to the artist’s work, and provide entertaining personal sidelights. Selected discographies: Each entry provides a comprehensive listing of the artist’s major recorded works. Photographs: Many entries include portraits of the subject profiled. Sources for additional information: This invaluable feature directs the user to selected books, magazines, newspapers, and online sources where more information can be obtained.

Provides Broad Coverage

Helpful Indexes Make It Easy to Find the Information You Need

Single-volume biographical sources on musicians are limited in scope, often focusing on a handful of performers from a specific musical genre or era. In contrast, Contemporary Musicians offers researchers and music devotees a comprehensive, informative, and entertaining alternative. Contemporary Musicians is published twice per year, with each volume providing information on about 70 musical artists and recordindustry luminaries from all the genres that form the broad spectrum of contemporary music—pop, rock, jazz, blues, country, New Age, folk, rhythm and blues, Latin, gospel, bluegrass, rap, and reggae, to name a few—as well as selected classical artists who have achieved “crossover” success with the general public. Contemporary Musicians will also occasionally include profiles of influential nonperforming members of the music community, including producers, promoters, and record company executives. Additionally, beginning with Contemporary Musicians 11, each volume features new profiles of a selection of previous Contemporary Musicians listees who remain of interest to today’s readers and who have been active enough to require completely revised entries.

Each volume of Contemporary Musicians features a cumulative Musicians Index, listing names of individual performers and musical groups, and a cumulative Subject Index, which provides the user with a breakdown by primary musical instruments played and by musical genre.

Available in Electronic Formats Licensing. Contemporary Musicians is available for licensing. The complete database is provided in a fielded format and is deliverable on such media as disk or CD-ROM. For more information, contact Gale’s Business Development Group at (800) 877-GALE, or visit our website at www.gale.com/bizdev. Online. Contemporary Musicians is accessible online as part of the Gale Biographies (GALBIO) database accessible through LexisNexis, P.O. Box 933, Dayton, OH 454010933; phone: (937) 865-6800, toll-free: (800) 227-4908.

Includes Popular Features

We Welcome Your Suggestions

In Contemporary Musicians you’ll find popular features that users value:

The editors welcome your comments and suggestions for enhancing and improving Contemporary Musicians. If you

vii

viii • Introduction would like to suggest subjects for inclusion, please submit these names to the editor. Mail comments or suggestions to: The Editor Contemporary Musicians Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or call toll free: (800) 877-GALE

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

S

Keith Anderson Singer, songwriter

ome male country vocalists reach stardom because they’re superior songwriters with a large fund of their own material to draw on as they try to gain attention in Nashville. Some rely on good looks that draw female fans. Some have a voice and image that speak to the rural roots of country music’s constituency. Combining all three of those traits, Oklahoman Keith Anderson was among the fastest-rising male performers in the country genre toward the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century. Born on January 12, 1968, in Miami, Oklahoma, Keith Anderson grew up in the Oklahoma foothills near the Arkansas line. “You don’t get any more country than that,” he told Jack Leaver of Michigan’s Grand Rapids Press. Anderson’s father, LeRoy, was a mechanic. Anderson’s early musical influences included both country and rock styles. “We’d have a big party out in the middle of a field, and we’d be crankin’ up George Jones, Charlie Rich, Charley Pride and Earl Thomas Conley, all those great country music stars,” he recalled to Leaver. “And at the same party, we’d have Aerosmith, Bon Jovi, ZZ Top and Tom Petty. All the great American rock ’n’ roll.”

Ethan Miller/Getty Images

Anderson • 1

For the Record . . .

B

orn January 12, 1968, in Miami, OK; son of Le-

Roy (a mechanic) and Janice. Education: Okla-

homa State University, B.S. in engineering; Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX, personal trainer certification. Worked as construction engineer, Dallas, TX; became interested in songwriting; founded Romeo Cowboys singing telegram company; moved to Nashville, 1998; worked as waiter; co-wrote “Beer Run,” recorded by George Jones and Garth Brooks, 2001; signed to Arista Nashville label (now Columbia Nashville); released Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll, 2005; released C’mon!, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Columbia Nashville, Sony BMG Music Entertainment, 1400 18th Ave S., Nashville, TN 37212. Web site—Keith Anderson Official Web site: http://www.keithanderson.com.

Primarily interested in athletics in high school, Anderson took up the guitar after noticing that girls liked musicians. But he soon realized that his interest in music went deeper. He began to study classic hits by the likes of the Eagles and Willie Nelson, and to seek out opportunities to perform. Some of his earliest appearances were as a drummer in a band at his church. At Oklahoma State University, however, Anderson set music aside to focus on academics and athletics. He excelled at both, graduating at the top of his class with an engineering degree and a 3.9 grade point average, and doing well enough as a baseball player to interest scouts from the Kansas City Royals. A torn rotator cuff ended Anderson’s dreams of a pro athletic career. He moved to Dallas, working as a construction engineer and throwing himself into music on the side. The vibrant Dallas country music scene nurtured his songwriting, and finally Anderson made the decision to quit his engineering job so he could perform at Dallas-area venues such as the Grapevine Opry and the Six Flags Over Texas amusement park. He took a variety of jobs to make ends meet, including stints as a landscaper and fashion model, and at one point he started a singing telegram company called Romeo Cowboys. Anderson earned certification as a personal trainer from Dallas’s Cooper Institute, and applied for admission to a physical therapy program. At one point he came in as runner-up in the Mr. Oklahoma bodybuilding contest.

2 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

But writing songs was his favorite activity, and in 1998 he decided to make the move to Nashville. His first job there was as a waiter, but he began performing wherever he could around the city and recorded a demo CD. In 2000 he started a band of his own, later winning the Jim Beam Country Band Search contest. These activities got the attention of established country songwriter and vocalist George Ducas, who introduced Anderson to other aspiring songwriters. These included John Rich, of the future star duo Big & Rich, and Kim Williams. Anderson got his first break when he heard Williams’s daughter remark that she was going on a beer run, and remembered a pun he had heard: “B Double E Double Are You In?”—spelling out the words “beer run” and inquiring as to the hearer’s interest in putting up money and receiving some of the haul. They decided that the phrase was catchy enough to serve as the basis for a song, and “Beer Run,” the song that resulted, caught the ear of megastar Garth Brooks, who had been looking for something to record with country legend George Jones. “Just to have two legends record your song, right out of the gate, as the first song I’d ever had recorded–it was awesome. I almost retired,” Anderson told Shawn Donnelly of Muscle and Fitness. Attempting to parlay that success into a solo career, Anderson at first found the going slow as he knocked on doors. But industry momentum began to shift in his direction when other outsiders to Nashville began to find success with songs that merged down-home imagery with a rock beat. Anderson landed one of his compositions, “The Bed,” on Gretchen Wilson’s breakthrough 2004 album Here for the Party, and another of his Nashville songwriting partners, John Rich, ascended to stardom as half of the duo Big & Rich. The Big & Rich hit “Lost in this Moment” was another Anderson composition, and it earned Anderson, as songwriter, 2007 Song of the Year nominations from the Country Music Association and Academy of Country Music. By that time, Anderson wished he had recorded the song himself. He had been signed to the Arista Nashville label, releasing his first album, Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll, in 2005. The leadoff single, “Pickin’ Wildflowers,” had suggestive lyrics that harked back to a freer era in country music: “Hey baby, Mother Nature is waitin’, / And love’s bloomin’ like a cherry tree. / Let’s buzz around, maybe do some pollenatin’, / Dive on in like honey bees.” The song reached the country top ten, and Anderson made no apologies for the content. “Well, you know, there’s such politically correct music out there from Nashville right now,” he told John Wooley of Tulsa World. “It’s like Barney’s on country radio: ‘I love you, you love me, we all love each other.’ What happened to the days of Conway Twitty singing about how ‘you’ve never been this far before,’ or Loretta Lynn with ‘The Pill,’ about birth control?” Anderson wrote or co-wrote all of the

songs on the album, which generated another hit with “XXL.” Anderson reaped the rewards of his athletic career and his interest in physical conditioning when he made People magazine’s list of 50 Hottest Bachelors in 2005. His second album was delayed as Arista Nashville was reorganized by its corporate parent, Sony/BMG, and relaunched as Columbia Nashville. C’mon! finally appeared in August of 2008. Its leadoff single was a summer party anthem that Anderson used to kick off his live shows, but its successor on the radio, the ballad “I Still Miss You,” gave Anderson his biggest hit to that point when it rose to the number two spot on Billboard’s country singles chart. Anderson wrote “I Still Miss You” about a romantic breakup, but after Anderson’s mother, Janice, died of brain cancer in the summer of 2008, the song became more personal for the performer. C’mon! exceeded the album chart performance of Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll, rising to number three in late 2008. Anderson’s career was still on the rise, but he could already look back at an accomplished career. “It’s been crazy,” he reflected to Kellie B. Gormley of the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. “Just having a dream and then putting it together, and moving to Nashville … the last 10 years have just been phenomenal.”

Selected discography Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll, Arista Nashville, 2005. C’mon!, Columbia Nashville, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Daily Oklahoman, October 24, 2008. Dallas Morning News, August 7, 2008. Grand Rapids Press (MI), June 17, 2005, p. D4; June 29, 2006, p. 19. Muscle &Fitness, April 2006, p. 44. People, May 23, 2005, p. 48; June 27, 2005, p. 101. Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, September 4, 2008. Tulsa World, May 19, 2006.

Online “Bio,” Keith Anderson Official Web site, http://www.keith anderson.com (November 10, 2008). “Keith Anderson,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 10, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Anderson • 3

W

ith the release of 2002’s self-titled debut album, R&B songstress Ashanti established herself as the undisputed heir to the throne of hip-hop soul. Ashanti debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and sold half a million copies that opening week—a record for first-week sales by a female artist. In all, Ashanti sold more than five million copies and earned the singer a Grammy for Best Contemporary R&B Album. Although Ashanti’s earlier albums contained moments of glory, critics panned her early live performances and wrote her off as a one-album wonder. She improved her stage presence and moved out from behind the microphone to an on-screen presence, appearing alongside Samuel L. Jackson in 2005’s Coach Carter. Confident, more secure and with a bevy of new producers, she released The Declaration in 2008. With several songs charting, it dipped into the top 10 on the Billboard album chart, proving Ashanti may have been down, but she was certainly not out.

Ashanti

Began Dancing as a Child

Singer

Ashanti Douglas was born on October 13, 1980, and grew up in Glen Cove, in Long Island, New York. Both of her parents worked as computer specialists, though their backgrounds were in entertainment. Her mother, Tina, danced and her father, Kincaid, sang. From the beginning her parents groomed Ashanti to follow in their footsteps. She studied dance at the Bernice Johnson Cultural Arts Center, and began dancing at the age of three. “I did tap, jazz, modern, ballet, African, everything,” she told Music & Media. She performed in famed venues like Carnegie Hall and the Apollo Theater, and danced in the Disney television film Polly.

AP Images

Ashanti seemed destined for a career in dance until it was discovered she could sing. Her mother entered her to sing in a couple of talent shows, and she won first place. Less than two years later, Ashanti signed her first record contract with Jive Records. That deal went nowhere, in part because Ashanti wanted to write her own songs, something the record company did not like. A few years later, at 17, Ashanti moved to Atlanta to work with Noontime, a subsidiary of mega-label Epic. That partnership fizzled out as well, and she was soon back in New York, finishing up high school and starting to plan for her future.

4 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Despite her budding career, Ashanti kept pace with her schoolwork. She was an honor student in English and was a member of the English club, where she began writing poetry. She was also a standout on the track team. Her academic and athletic talents drew the attention of both Princeton University and Hampton University, and the latter offered her a scholarship. She turned it down, deciding to give music another shot.

For the Record . . .

B

orn Ashanti Douglas on October 13, 1980; daugh-

ter of Tina (her manager) and Kincaid Thomas (a

computer specialist) Douglas. Signed with Murder Inc., 2001; released debut album, Ashanti, 2002; released book of poetry, Reflections on Love: Foolish/Unfoolish, Hyperion Books, 2002; released albums Chapter II, 2003; Ashanti’s Christmas, The Inc., 2003; released Concrete Rose, The Inc., 2004; made big-screen debut in Coach Carter, 2005; appeared in John Tucker Must Die, 2006; appeared in Resident Evil: Extinction, 2007; released The Declaration, Universal/The Inc., 2008. Awards: Lady of Soul Awards, Best R&B/Soul Artist, Aretha Franklin Entertainer of the Year, 2002; Teen Choice Award, Breakout Artist of the Year, 2002; Billboard Awards, Female Artist of the Year, Top New Pop Artist, Hot 100 Singles Artist, R&B/Hip Hop Artist of the Year, R&B/Hip Hop Female Artist of the Year, New R&B/Hip Hop Artist of the Year, R&B/Hip Hop Single of the Year, for “Foolish,” 2002; Grammy Award, Best Contemporary R&B Album, for Ashanti, 2002; American Music Awards, Favorite New Artist in Pop/Rock, Favorite New Artist in R&B/Hip Hop, 2003; Soul Train Awards, Best R&B/Soul Single, for “Foolish,” Best R&B/Soul Album for Ashanti, 2003; NAACP Image Award, Outstanding New Artist, 2003; MTV Video Music Awards Japan, Style Award, 2005; Music Choice Video on Demand Awards, Breakup Video of the Year, for “The Way That I Love You,” 2008.

wants, she’ll get it.” What she wanted was to fuse her R&B style with harder rap and hip-hop sounds. Gotti was looking to expand Murder Inc.’s roster, and thought that with her sultry voice and stunning looks, Ashanti might become his first crossover artist to find popular success. Ashanti went into the label’s Greenwich Village studio and began to work on her debut album, Ashanti. She wrote the lyrics for all 12 songs, penning many of them right in the studio. “When you perform your own records, records you wrote, for me, the emotion I feel is deeper than when I sing someone else’s words,” she told Teenpeople.com. With those songs she also hoped to touch other people. “Everyone has gone through something that’s on this album, and I want to be able to articulate their feelings,” she was quoted as saying on Def Jam’s Web site. While finishing up her album, she appeared on rapper Ja Rule’s “Always on Time,” playing the smooth-voiced girlfriend to Ja Rule’s hard-edged man. The song scorched through the charts, landing at number one. At about the same time, she appeared alongside another rapper, Fat Joe, on his “What’s Luv?” single. Again her sultry cooing played perfectly off the gangsta-fueled rap, and the song tore up the charts. Meanwhile, a song she wrote for Jennifer Lopez, “Ain’t it Funny,” had also begun climbing toward the top ten. Murder Inc. promptly released “Foolish,” the first single from Ashanti, and it soared. By April of 2002, “Foolish” was holding the number one spot, “What’s Luv?” was at number two, and “Ain’t it Funny” was number three. Ashanti became the first new female artist to hold both the one and two spots, and only the second artist since the Beatles to have three songs in the top ten at the same time. Discussing Ashanti’s debut album, Gotti told MTV, “I always say we can go beyond our expectations, but she went beyond my expectations. It’s never happened to me, where I thought we could do something and it went beyond my expectations.”

Addresses: Record company—The Inc., 825 8th Ave.,

Balanced Fame With Family

20th Floor, New York, NY 10019. Web site—Ashanti

Ashanti’s voice was everywhere, and the public was entranced by her sexy blend of R&B and gangsta rap. With the videos for “Always on Time” and “Foolish” receiving heavy airtime, the public also took notice of her drop-dead beauty. Her face—and often scantily clad body—was splashed across magazine spreads. Gotti and crew decided to take advantage of her popularity, pushing up the release of her album. It was a smart move. Ashanti shot straight to number one and sold an unprecedented 504,000 units during the first week. Ashanti was stunned. “Never in a million years would I have thought it would go down like this,” she told Newsweek.

Official Web site: http://www.ashantimusic.net.

Found Success With Murder Inc. Ashanti’s manager arranged a meeting for her with Irv Gotti, the CEO and mastermind behind hardcore rap label Murder Inc. At first it seemed an unlikely pairing. The label had a street thug edge; its artists were called “murderers” and its Web site opened with the sound of gunshots. Ashanti was a sweet-faced honor student who sang R&B. However, as her mother told People, “She looks innocent, but if there’s something she

“Foolish” made headway in the urban radio format, as well as in the more mainstream pop format. If her life

Ashanti • 5

before the album was, as she described to Alloy, “like a roller coaster,” her life after Ashanti became a nonstop loop on a super-coaster. She told Entertainment Weekly, “It gets ridiculous when I’m doing three states in one day with the travel and the entourage and the change and the security checks and the radio and the autographs and the smiling in the airport—it’s bananas!” Though she was quick to add, “But I remember when I was on the couch watching everyone go to college while I’m watching [daytime talk show] Ricki Lake. And it’s worth it.” For Ashanti, a self-avowed family girl, there have been sacrifices. “[The success] is bittersweet because I’m so close to my family, and I haven’t seen them in a long time,” she told Alloy. “But everyone is so proud of me and so happy for my success.” It is younger sister Kenashia’s voice that pipes in near the end of the album saying, “I’m glad that your dreams are finally coming true.” Her family has been with her every step of the way. Became “Entertainer of the Year” Ashanti’s meteoric streak through the top of the charts brought with it a slew of music nominations and awards. She led Soul Train’s Lady of Soul Awards with the most nominations, five in all, including Best New Artist, which she won. Over at MTV she grabbed four nominations at their Video Music Awards and performed live at the hugely popular event. She also scored Breakout Artist of the Year from the 2002 Teen Choice Awards. In November of 2002 she found out she was up for five awards at the 30th annual American Music Awards. She won her first Grammy Award, taking home the prize for Best Contemporary R&B Album for Ashanti. However, the most prestigious award she won in 2002 was also the most controversial. When it was announced that Ashanti would receive the Soul Train Aretha Franklin Award for Entertainer of the Year, a high school boy in California took offense and started an online petition against her. He argued in theSeattle Times that she was too new to deserve the award and “she lacks stage presence in the majority of her performances.” Nearly 30,000 people agreed with him, signing the petition. Many pointed out that established artists such as Mary J. Blige and Missy “Misdemeanor” Elliot, or critically acclaimed singers like Alicia Keys and India.Arie were more deserving of an award that carries the name of a musical legend. Despite charttopping success, most reviewers panned Ashanti’s debut effort. On the night of the awards ceremony, however, Ashanti graciously accepted the honor from presenter Patti LaBelle. LaBelle deemed Ashanti “extremely deserving of this wonderful recognition,” and the controversy settled down soon after. Ashanti continued to collaborate with other Murder Inc. artists, appearing on Ja Rule’s “Mesmerize” and the

6 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

summertime hit “Into You” with up-and-coming rapper Fabolous. She also spent time working on her sophomore album, again writing the majority of the tracks on the album. Chapter II, released in August of 2003, debuted in the number one position on the Billboard charts. The album, wrote People reviewer Chuck Arnold, “proves wrong those who thought she would be a one-hit-album-wonder.” Although he felt the album lacked lyrical depth, he found it to be the perfect endof-summer treat. “It’s easy, breezy listening that doesn’t require much brain power.” While critics may have loved the album, it did not sell nearly as well as Ashanti’s debut. Ashanti returned to the studio and released Concrete Rose in 2004. The album borrowed its name from a line of Tupac Shakur poetry. Eager fans swept up the album—it went platinum—but Concrete Rose tanked on the charts. The rock-tinged “Only U” was the only single to chart, and it failed to crack the top ten. Writing in the Los Angeles Times, music critic Steve Appleford called Concrete Rose “another forgettable album for an otherwise promising pop princess.” Appleford called Ashanti’s performance “flat and uninspired.” He added, “For all her lovesick panting, pleading and purring, Ashanti is never emotionally engaged with the songs, which aren’t worth the trouble.” Ashanti’s troubles, however, ran deeper than the album itself. Shortly after Concrete Rose came out, Ashanti’s label, The Inc., found itself in the headlines, with Gotti indicted on federal charges that he laundered upwards of $1 million of drug money through the company. The association did not help the album, and Gotti was too busy fighting the charges (he eventually won an acquittal) to help with the album’s promotion. Ashanti turned to acting, appearing in the 2005 Samuel L. Jackson movie Coach Carter. In 2007 she battled flesh-eating zombies in the sci-fi thriller Resident Evil: Extinction. She enjoyed the distraction of acting, but yearned to get back in the studio. Ashanti’s production team, however, was too busy fending off federal prosecutors to work on an album. She assembled a new production team, working with heavyweights such as LT Hutton, Channel 7, Nelly, Pharrell and Babyface. The change unnerved her at first. She missed Gotti. She told Joseph Barracato of the New York Post, “It was very strange not having him there to overlook the project. There were some nights I actually cried.” In the end, the R&B songbird proved she could fly on her own. Released in 2008, The Declaration included the piano-driven single “The Way That I Love You,” which topped out at number two on the Hot R&B/HipHop Songs chart. Written with rapper Nelly, “Body On Me,” featuring a guest appearance by hip-hopper Akon, crossed over to the Pop 100, and Nelly included it on his 2008 album Brass Knuckles. With its rousing vocals, The Declaration surprised critics such as New York Daily News critic Jim Farber. “Ashanti comes out swinging on her latest CD,” he wrote, noting that her

voice was more confident and secure than ever. Farber added that Ashanti seemed “less the lemony lass of old and more the worthy rival to Beyonce,” even suggesting that Ashanti was in line to become the next queen of the R&B pop kingdom.

Selected discography Ashanti, Murder Inc., 2002. 7 Series: Ashanti, Murder Inc., 2003. Chapter II, Murder Inc., 2003. Ashanti’s Christmas, The Inc., 2003. Concrete Rose, The Inc., 2004. The Declaration, Universal/The Inc., 2008.

Sources Periodicals Atlanta Journal-Constitution, April 2, 2002, p. F2. Cincinnati Post, August 26, 2002, p. 12C. Daily News (New York, NY), June 3, 2008, p. 30 (Now). Daily Star (London, England), August 26, 2002, p. 15. Ebony, March 2003, p. 170. Entertainment Weekly, July 12, 2002, p. 40; July 11, 2003, p. 77. Jet, August 11, 2003, p. 62.

Los Angeles Times, January 13, 2005, p. E51. Music & Media, July 20, 2002, p. 1. New York Post, June 1, 2008, p. 49. New York Times, May 12, 2002, p. 15. Newsday, June 1, 2008, p. C8. Newsweek, April 22, 2002, p. 64. People, May 27, 2002, p. 174; August 4, 2003, p. 35; January 10, 2005, pp. 87-88. Rolling Stone, May 23, 2002. Seattle Times, August 30, 2002, p. H6.

Online “Ashanti,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (December 6, 2003). “Ashanti: My Sacrifice,” MTV, http://www.mtv.com/bands/a/ ashanti/newsfeature_april_02/index.jhtml (December 9, 2003). Ashanti Official Web site, http://www.defjam.com/murderinc/ ashanti (December 9, 2003). “Ashanti,” Teenpeople.com, http://www.teenpeople.com/ teenpeople/chat/transcripts/0,8609,221437,00.html (June 23, 2003). “Rockin’ Her Way to the Top,” Essence, http://www.essence. com/essence/print/0,14882,459978,00.html (December 7, 2003). “Spotlight: Ashanti,” Alloy, http://www.alloy.com/entertain ment/celebcentral/celebspotlight/2002-03-18-ashanti (December 9, 2003). —Candace LaBalle and Lisa Frick

Ashanti • 7

Emanuel Ax Pianist

C

lassical concert pianist Emanuel Ax has amassed a record of accomplishment that has placed him at the top of his profession. Ax is known for his careful, detailed interpretations of the traditional classical piano repertory of the nineteenth century, from Ludwig van Beethoven to Johannes Brahms and Richard Strauss. For Ax, the endless complexities of those works approached that of chess, which one could play for a lifetime without ever duplicating a game. “So, in that sense,” he told Kyle MacMillan of the Denver Post, “performances of a Beethoven concerto are of neverending variety.” Ax was something of an intellectual pianist who studied the score deeply before sitting down to play a note of music. Unlike many pianists specializing in the traditional repertory, however, Ax has branched out into new challenges over the course of his career. For example, he has recorded the music of the tango-classical crossover composer Astor Piazzolla and performed it in a New York nightclub. The result, MacMillan noted, was that Ax “is on the surprisingly short list of classical musicians who have achieved real name recognition with the general public and whose very presence on a program can almost guarantee strong ticket sales.” Often described as Polish-born, Ax was a native of Lwow, which had become part of the Soviet Union by the time he was born on June 8, 1949 (the city is now Lviv, Ukraine). His parents were Polish Jews who had both survived Nazi concentration camps during World War II. Ax spent most of his childhood in Warsaw, Poland, but when he was ten the family moved to

8 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, and then to New York two years later. By that time Ax had gotten serious about the piano, and by his mid-teens he was determined to become a concert pianist. He enrolled in the pre-college program at the renowned Juilliard School of music in New York, living at home to save money and working as an accompanist to cello students for the salary of $2.50 an hour. Ax studied at Juilliard with Mieczyslaw Munz. Largely self-directed as a pianist, he went on to pursue a liberal arts education at Columbia University, majoring in French. In 1969 he toured South Africa and Latin America, and the following year he was granted American citizenship. Ax began to enter piano competitions in Europe and the United States, but at first he found them tough going. His breakthrough came when he won the inaugural Artur Rubinstein International Piano Competition, held in Tel Aviv, Israel, in 1974. The prize was twofold: Ax won a period of study with the great Polish pianist Rubinstein—“He’d stop me every second note and tell me what he did there,” Ax recalled to Susan Elliott of the New York Times—and a recording contract with the RCA label. The win launched Ax’s climb to the top of the classical world, and his reputation was further enhanced when he won a major American honor, the Avery Fisher Prize, in 1979. In the 1980s he appeared with virtually all of the major orchestras in Europe and the United States, and he released 20 recordings on RCA. Ax was recognized as a major performer of chamber (smallgroup) music, often teaming with cellist Yo-Yo Ma. In 1987 he moved to Ma’s CBS label, partly so that the two could record together with fewer legal complications. He has continued to record for CBS as the label has gone through corporate transformations and emerged as Sony Classical. Ax often worked with Ma, sometimes in a trio with violinists Isaac Stern or Young Uck Kim, but the relationship with Ma was especially close. “When you work together closely and you travel and see one another practically 18 hours a day,” Ma told Elliott, “you really get to know somebody—their foibles, vulnerabilities—and you become very honest with one another.” By the 1990s, Ax was at the top of his profession and had little left to prove. He did not show the slightest sign of resting on the laurels he had received, however, which included the first of seven Grammy awards, for a 1989 CD of Haydn piano sonatas. Each morning, Ax got up at 7 a..m. and put in about four hours of practicing. “Basically, I’m extremely lazy. I fight that by getting to work right away,” he explained to Valerie Scher of the San Diego Union-Tribune. On-stage nervousness that he experienced early in his career never really left him, but that nervousness kept him striving for greater control. Beyond just practicing, Ax sought to broaden his musical reach. In 1997 he joined with Argentine pianist

For the Record . . .

B

orn on June 8, 1949, in Lwow, U.S.S.R. (now

Lviv, Ukraine); raised in Warsaw, Poland, and Win-

nipeg, Manitoba, Canada; family immigrated to U.S., 1961; became U.S. citizen, 1970; married Yoko Nozaki, a concert pianist; children: Joseph, Sarah. Education: Attended Juilliard School, pre-college division, New York; Columbia University, New York, B.A. in French. Awards: Artur Rubinstein International Piano Competition, winner, 1974; Avery Fisher Prize, 1979; Yale University, honorary doctorate, 2007; seven Grammy awards. Addresses: Record company—Sony Music USA, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022. Web site—Emanuel Ax Official Web site: http://www.emanuelax.com.

Pablo Ziegler for Los Tangueros, a two-piano disc of tangos by Astor Piazzolla, a tango bandleader whose works were influenced by classical music. Other classical musicians had also played arrangements of Piazzolla’s works, but Ax took the fusion to another stage by appearing with Ziegler at New York’s Knitting Factory nightclub to perform the music—quite a change from Ax’s usual pristine concert hall environment. At the beginning of the performance, which was recorded for broadcast on National Public Radio, Ax explained to the audience that it was his first club gig. Ax also performed modern works for the piano by such composers as William Bolcom, Hans Werner Henze, and Michael Tippett, and in 1997 he joined the Cleveland Orchestra to present the world premiere of one of the most popular contemporary piano concertos, Century Rolls, by American composer John Adams. He went on to record the work for the Nonesuch label and to perform it with other orchestras, sometimes in Europe where Adams remained less well known. At the other end of the chronological spectrum, Ax made several recordings of Fryderyk Chopin’s piano music on a piano from 1853 that resembled an instrument the composer himself would have used. The move was noteworthy in that so-called period-instrument performances have rarely been undertaken by artists from the classical mainstream. Ax married Japanese-born pianist and fellow Juilliard alum Yoko Nozaki, and the couple settled in New York

and raised two children. They also worked together as duo pianists, gaining attention with a joint 1996 concert at New York’s Carnegie Hall and continuing to appear as a piano duo and in duo-piano concertos with orchestras around the United States. Ax himself continued to enjoy a full schedule of top-level engagements and spent the 2005-06 seasons as pianist-in-residence with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra in Germany. As of 2008 he was planning to cut back his schedule from about 100 appearances a year—unusually high for a classical artist—to about 70.

Selected discography Brahms: Piano Concerto No. 1 in D minor, RCA, 1984. Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 5 in E flat major, RCA, 1986. Chopin: Scherzos & Mazurkas, CBS, 1988. Haydn: Sonatas, CBS, 1989. Mozart: Piano Concertos Nos 17 & 18, RCA, 1989. Beethoven: Piano Concertos Nos. 3 & 4, CBS, 1990. Brahms: Handel Variations/Six Piano Pieces/Two Rhapsodies, Sony, 1992. Liszt: Sonata in B minor; Concert Paraphrases, Sony, 1993. (With Pablo Ziegler) Los Tangueros, Sony, 1996. Chopin: Piano Concerto No.2; Grand Fantasia, Sony, 1998. John Adams: Century Rolls, Nonesuch, 2000. Haydn: The Favorite Concertos, Sony, 2003. Liszt: Piano Concertos Nos. 1 & 2; Sonata in B Minor, Sony, 2005. Brahms: Piano Concertos Nos. 1 & 2, Sony, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, February 8, 1997, p. 3. Denver Post, December 4, 1996, p. B12; November 8, 2000, p. B5. New York Times, December 13, 2000, p. E3; March 7, 2008, p. E18. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), June 14, 2002, p. B4.

Online “Alumni News: Reflections,” Juilliard School, http://www. juilliard.edu/alumni/reflections_0604.html (November 18, 2008). “Case of jitters belies Emanuel Ax’s piano virtuosity,” San Diego Union-Tribune, http://www.signonsandiego.com/ news/features/20080218-9999-1c18piano.html (November 18, 2008). “Emanuel Ax,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 18, 2008). “Emanuel Ax: Biography,” Askonas Holt (agency), http://www. askonasholt.co.uk/green/green/home.nsf/ArtistDetails/ Emanuel%20Ax (November 18, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Ax • 9

B

altimore-based duo Beach House, consisting of Alex Scally on instrumentals with vocals by Victoria Legrand, are known for their dreamy, reflective, and melancholy sound.

Legrand and Scally met in 2003, when Legrand was singing with another band and they were looking for a bass player. Scally joined, but that band soon fell apart and she and Scally took off on their own. In 2006 they recorded their self-titled debut album in Scally’s basement; the entire process took them two days. They toured to support the album, although the tour was difficult in some ways because they had been playing the songs on the album for a year, and it was hard to keep them sounding fresh. However, as Scally told an interviewer from Ear Farm, “I think you get a lot of energy from people enjoying what you made and that feels really great, and of course I think that sustains you.”

Beach House

In 2008 Beach House released Devotion, which was recorded at Lord Baltimore Recording, a much more comfortable studio than the dingy basement where they had made their first album. Recording this album took much longer and was more intense than the recording of Beach House. Legrand told Kristi Kates in Remix, “We filled that space with crazy energy, an average of 12-hour days just listening and listening.” The album was heavy on organ sounds, and the duo used six different organs during the recording. They also added harpsichord, guitar, and vocals to create a sound that was both melodic and brooding. “We want our music to feel intense like syrup, very visceral,” Legrand told Renae Mason in Cyclic Defrost. And although they used plenty of technology to record the album, they asked producer Alan Douches to run all the tracks back through tape when he was mastering the album. Legrand told Kates, “Tape has age and distance to it that feels very human and flawed. The imperfection is truly its most endearing and priceless quality.”

Tibor Bozi/Corbis

Musical duo

10 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In Wired, Scott Thill described the songs on Devotion as “addictive songs of love, loss and everything in between,” and wrote that the album was “as understated as it is brilliant.” Simon Vozick-Levinson wrote in Entertainment Weekly that for a two-person ensemble, Beach House conveys “an impressive, enveloping sound.” In the Badger Herald, Lee Crickman praised the fact that there are no clear demarcations between the tracks: “Each song flows seamlessly into the next, creating a relaxing and calm album perfect for a cozy night in.” A reviewer in Prefix wrote that the band’s “main attribute is the sad, deep voice of Victoria Legrand. Her drawn-out drawl extends syllables well past their intended length; doubled by vintage organ tones, her gradual pitch changes provide the main melodic structure of most songs.” The vocals were underlaid by Scally’s delicate instrumentation. In Herohill, a reviewer commented that the duo’s mellow sound may make many of the songs on the album sound alike; however, “Each listen unfolds a new

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Victoria Legrand, vocals;

Alex Scally, multi-instrumentals.

Formed in 2003; released Beach House (2006); released Devotion (2008). Addresses: Record company—Carpark Records, P.O. Box 42374, Washington, DC 20015.

sound; much like the slow development of a character in a book. With every note or turned page you are introduced to new wrinkles.”

fine for Legrand and Scally. She told Mason, “A listener once heard ‘I want to picture the nature’ instead of ‘I want your picture but not your words,’” in one of the band’s songs, and called this “a happy mistake.” When Scally is not working on the band’s music, he spends time pursuing another interest: rock collecting. He studied geology in college, and when he travels, he checks out the local rocks. When the duo was getting ready to go on tour in Australia, he was looking forward to seeing Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock, a gigantic rock formation in central Australia. Legrand told Thill that when she and Scally tour, she still sees more male musicians than female ones. “Come on girls!” she urged. “I wish there were more female voices out there. It’d be so much fun.”

Selected discography

Legrand told Kates that the creative process involved both of them: “We are both song crafters and control freaks. We manage to coexist in an intense creative union. … Mostly what happens is that one person has parts to songs, and then we piece them together … together. I don’t write Alex’s parts for him, and he doesn’t write mine.” Both of them think of groups of their song as “families,” since they are “all written in a similar phase and with similar energy,” Scally noted in Ear Farm.

Beach House, Carpark, 2006. Devotion, Carpark, 2008.

Legrand told Thill that she doesn’t listen to a lot of music when she’s writing her own; she prefers to keep her mind clear of any influences. “I don’t want to sound like someone else from the get-go,” she remarked. “I want to express myself and the world in my head.”

Online

In an interview with Rob Trucks in the Village Voice, Legrand remarked that she likes spontaneity in recording music: “I like first or second takes. I think after you do seconds then you’re getting really obsessive and you’re getting kind of nervous and your fingers are sweating and you’re starting to think too much about it.” She added, “When I write lyrics, a lot of the things I write … the things I’m happiest with, are things that came out pretty quickly. I don’t like to force things too much. I think that forced things lose a lot of character.” Legrand commented to Thill that she often sees movielike images when she writes her music: “Images run through my mind. Our music is cinematic in a way I’d like to think. I wouldn’t mind writing a soundtrack someday.” She told Mason that the band’s songs were “personal stories, accessible to all who care to bring their own imaginings to the songs, to make of them what they will.” This appreciation of the listener’s contribution to the songs has extended to the lyrics. If a listener hears lyrics incorrectly but still finds meaning in them, that’s

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, February 29, 2008, p. 59. Remix, February 1, 2008.

“Band of the Week,” Ear Farm, February 27, 2008, http:// www.earfarm.blogspot.com/2008/02/band-of-week-beachhouse-exclusive-ef.html (November 23, 2008). “Beach House,” Artist Direct, http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/ news/article/0,,458902,00.html (November 23, 2008). “Beach House,” Badger Herald, February 26, 2008, http:// www/badgerheraldcom/artsetc/2008/02/26/beach_house_ quiet_co.php (November 23, 2008). “Beach House,” Headquarters Entertainment Web Site, http://www.headquarters-entertainment.de/English/bands/ beachhouse.php (November 23, 2008). “Beach House,” Herohill, October 16, 2006, http://www. herohill.com/2006/10/reviews-beach-house-beach-house. htm (November 23, 2008). “Beach House Interview,” Cyclic Defrost, April 4, 2008, http:// www.cyclicdefrost.com/blog/?p=1826 (November 23, 2008). “Beach House,” Prefix, October 3, 2008, http://www.prefix mag.com/reviews/beach-house/beach-house/15497/ (November 23, 2008). “Interview: Victoria Legrand of Beach House,” Village Voice, July 17, 2008, http://www.blogs.villagevoice.com/music/ archives/2008/07/interview_victo.php (November 23, 2008). “The Worlds in Our Heads,” Wired, May 9, 2008, http://www. blog.wired.com/music/2008/05/post.html (November 23, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Beach House • 11

I

n 1994 Beck rode his fluke hit single “Loser” to stardom. The song achieved generational anthem status, fitting in with popular “Generation X” mythology. “On the strength of ‘Loser,’” wrote Entertainment Weekly’s Mark Lewman, “[Beck] has, much to his own dazed bemusement, become a pop star without even trying.” Over the next two years it became clear that Beck’s new-found stardom would have little effect on his musical interests, which often took him into radiounfriendly territory. Armed with a major-label recording contract that permitted him to continue to record for small independent labels, he released two records before coming out with his second major-label release, Odelay. His subsequent releases, including Midnite Vultures and Sea Change, illustrated, as a New Yorker reviewer commented, that “of the musicians active today, few deserve the title recording ‘artist’ more that Beck.”

Beck

Beck Hansen was born on July 8, 1970, and raised in Los Angeles. Beck’s father was a bluegrass street musician, an occupation that piqued his son’s interest in music at an early age. By ninth grade, Beck’s disillusionment with school prompted him to drop out and take a succession of entry level jobs, from stock boy to video store clerk. He struggled in the work world as well; he recalled that he was even fired from his stock boy job. “They didn’t like the way I dressed,” he told Jancee Dunn in Rolling Stone. “Not that I was dressing outrageously or anything. They just didn’t like my style.”

Guitarist, singer, songwriter

By the time he was 16, Beck had purchased a guitar and begun following in his father’s street-playing footsteps. “I just carried my guitar everywhere,” he reported to Dunn. “I was just kind of ready for any sudden jamboree that might befall me.” Beck was a dedicated student of the works of folk and blues legends such as Woody Guthrie, Fred McDowell, and Mississippi John Hurt. As he grew older, though, he became increasingly interested in grafting those musical genres onto rap and other modern musical styles. This interest intensified after he paid a visit to New York’s East Village anti-folk scene in the late 1980s.

AP Images

By age 18, Beck was playing at local Los Angeles clubs and passing out armloads of tapes. He eventually caught the attention of a small record label called Bong Load Custom Records, which released his odd song “Loser” as a single. To the amazement of all, the song became a tremendous hit in the metropolitan area, and recording industry talent scouts were soon courting the artist. After receiving assurances from Geffen subsidiary DGC that he would be allowed to release songs on independent labels as well as on DGC, Beck signed on.

12 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1994 DGC released Beck’s first album, Mellow Gold, which the artist called “my idea of the K-Mart Satan record.” The nationwide popularity of “Loser” ensured

For the Record . . .

B

orn Beck Hansen on July 8, 1970, in Los Angeles,

CA; son of David Campbell (a string arranger and

street musician) and Bibbe (a member of underground Los Angeles punk-drag band Black Fag); married Marissa Ribisi, 2004; children: Cosimo (son) and Tuesday (daughter). Started playing on streets at age 16; released first single, “Loser,” on Bong Load Custom Records, 1993; signed with DGC label, released debut album, Mellow Gold, 1994; member of 1995 Lollapalooza tour; made two records on independent labels; returned to DGC, released Odelay, 1996; Mutations, 1998; Midnite Vultures, 1999; Sea Change, 2002; Guero, 2004; The Information (Interscope), 2006; Modern Guilt, 2008.

Entertainment Weekly, “Grave is a genial throwaway— both a loving tribute to, and a gentle mocking of, various folk musics—that is clearly not meant to be Mellow Gold’s big follow-up.” In 1996 Beck unveiled his major label follow-up, the well-received Odelay. The songs on the album, produced in collaboration with the renowned Dust Brothers (John King and Michael Simpson), continued where Mellow Gold left off. Brimming with oddball pop culture references and disconcerting imagery, the record further burnished Beck’s reputation as one of the music world’s more unique talents. Newsweek’s David Gates called the album “American eclectic music, a ’90s analogue to the genre-smooshing slumgullion of Bob Wills, Elvis Presley or Bob Dylan.” For his part, Beck seemed bemused by his fame and his reputation as a “slacker” icon. “Smart, funny and strange, he floats along in his own time-space continuum,” reflected Dunn. “He seems unattached to any particular group or generation despite the slacker albatross around his neck.”

Awards: Grammy Awards, Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, for “Where It’s At,” Best Alternative Music Performance, for Odelay, 1997; Grammy Award, Best Alternative Music Performance, for Mutations, 1999. Addresses: Record company—Interscope Geffen, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404, phone: 310865-1000. Web site—Beck Official Web site: http:// www.beck.com.

the album good sales, but critics quickly noted that the record had many additional treasures. Rolling Stone writer Michael Azerrad commented that “Beck makes ultrasurreal hip-hop-folk that harkens back to ‘Subterranean Homesick Blues,’” adding that “Beck’s verbal collages get close to the truth of his milieu and our times. Think of it as generational code or stream of unconsciousness. But it’s really called poetry.” KnightRidder writer Tom Moon called the album “thoughtprovoking … triumphantly anti-professional, idiotsavant music in which a heartfelt solo can be provided by kazoo as easily as guitar.” Even underwhelmed critics such as Musician’s Dave DiMartino—who criticized the album’s “self-absorption”—admitted that “Beck’s lyric gifts are obvious and his musical influences … more or less impeccable.” Beck returned to the world of independent labels for his next two efforts, Stereopathetic Soulmanure (on Flipside) and One Foot in the Grave (on the K label). The latter album provided insight into the artist’s traditional folk and blues roots. As David Browne wrote in

Beck’s next album, Mutations, was released in 1998. The unofficial follow-up to the Grammy Award-winning Odelay, Mutations was a collection of acoustic-based, neo-country tunes with a hint of lo-fi psychedelia behind them. A New Yorker reviewer praised the fact that even the most downbeat tunes on the album “celebrated the hope of the hopeless … never at the expense of great tunes or wordplay.” The album, produced by Nigel Godrich, the man behind Radiohead’s Kid A, was well-received by both the press and the public, and earned Beck his third Grammy Award. Midnite Vultures, Beck’s next release, was stylistically as far removed from Mutations as an album could be. With its mixture of hip-hop, soul, and funk, the album was an homage to Prince, a love letter to R&B and soul, but also “a slippery satire on the glossy excesses of late-90s culture,” as Blender writer Dorian Lynskey noted. From his seduction of a JC Penney salesclerk in “Debra” to the faux-gangsta rap of “Hollwood Freaks” and the electro-party jam “Get Real Paid,” Beck critiqued pop culture with a wink and a smirk. Soon after the release of Midnite Vultures, Beck’s decade-long relationship with his girlfriend, stylist Leigh Limon, came to an end. He went through a prolific period of post-breakup recording, composing nearly an album’s worth of tunes before shelving them for the next two years. The songs resurfaced in 2002 as Sea Change, which, true to its title, was a remarkable transformation from any of Beck’s previous albums. Reviewers called the album “emotionally naked” and “confessional.” With only a cursory listen to Sea Change, it might be easy to compare it to the strippeddown songs found on Mutations. But while those songs still maintained some of Beck’s lyrical playfulness and

Beck • 13

trademark inventive style, the songs on Sea Change were soul-baring and extremely personal compared to anything Beck had previously released. “These are the best kind of loss songs,” a New Yorker reviewer wrote, “wistful, not pitiful; confident, not decadent.” He earned a Grammy nomination for the set. In 2004 Beck released Guero, his sixth major studio release. Once again he worked with the Dust Brothers and the album debuted at number two on the Billboard charts. Heavily inspired by Latin rhythms, Guero also tended to echo the genre-hopping style that Beck had mastered in his previous work with the Dust Brothers on Odelay. Bob Sheffield wrote in Rolling Stone that “[Beck] returns to what he does best, hopping from genre to genre, hustling for scraps of beat and rhyme.” Beck explained to Josh Tyrangiel of Time Canada how working with the Dust Brothers differed from working with other producers. “All producers have their own proclivities or different tastes. … the Dust Brothers encourage experimentation, and they definitely encourage a sense of humor.” The lightness and humor, although tinged with dark imagery and melancholy, might also be attributed to events in Beck’s personal life. In 2004 he married actress Marissa Ribisi, who was pregnant at the time with their first child. Cosimo was born about a month after the marriage ceremony. In 2007 their daughter, Tuesday, was born. The Ribisi family had been longtime friends of Beck’s mother, who was present at the birth of Marissa and her twin brother, Giovanni. For the 2006 release of The Information, Beck selected Nigel Godrich as producer. It took three years to produce the album, which ended up at number seven on the Billboard 200 chart. That year he performed at Bonnaroo, a yearly music festival held in Manchester, Tennessee, with a highly theatrical stage set that included large video projection screens and lookalike puppets. The stage set was used throughout his tour that year. Modern Guilt (2008) was Beck’s eighth studio release. He maintained an intriguing amount of secrecy about the record. Early in the year, he hinted that he was working on an album but would not name a release date or the producer. Eventually it was revealed that one half of the duo Gnarls Barkley, known as Danger Mouse, was the producer. Beck explained what he liked about working with Danger Mouse to Leah Collins of the National Post: “I think with Danger Mouse I found somebody who appreciates the recording when it’s stripped down to its barest.” The music on Modern Guilt was spare, but so was the content. J. Freedom du Lac explained in the Washington Post, “Beck sounds disillusioned, paranoid, bereft and seriously bummed, with an emphasis on serious. … Otherwise, the music … is a perfectly pleasant retro amalgamation of bright melodies, twitchy beats, trippy flourishes, funk grooves,

14 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

harmonies from Chan Marshall (a.k.a. Cat Power) and found sounds, including a scratchy hiss on the strutting title track.” As Beck has aged, his style and focus have veered from snappy and ironic to deeply concerned and questioning. Yet he continues to impress critics and fans. While he may never reach the rarified heights of “voice of a generation” again, he has maintained his artistic integrity. He explained to Collins, “Trying to reduce my music down to utter simplicity is something I’m always striving for.”

Selected discography Golden Feelings (EP), Sonic Enemy, 1993. A Western Harvest Field by Moonlight, Finger Paint, 1994. Mellow Gold, DGC, 1994. Stereopathetic Soulmanure, Flipside, 1994. One Foot in the Grave, K, 1994. Odelay, DGC, 1996. Mutations, DGC, 1998. Midnite Vultures, DGC, 1999. Sea Change, Interscope, 2002. Guero, Interscope, 2004. The Information, Interscope, 2006. Modern Guilt, Interscope, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, November 24, 2002. Entertainment Weekly, March 27, 1994; April 8, 1994; August 5, 1994; October 30, 1998. Interview, May 2001. Knight-Ridder Tribune News Service, April 1, 1994; September 23, 2002; October 2, 2002. Music and Media, October 5, 2002. Musician, April 1994. National Post (Canada), August 27, 2008, p. AL.1. Newsweek, August 5, 1996; November 29, 1999. New Yorker, April 18, 1994; October 14, 2002. New York Times, March 27, 1994; June 23, 1996. Playboy, July 1994. Rolling Stone, April 7, 1994; July 11, 1996. Spin, July 1994; December 1994. Stereo Review, July 1994. Time, September 30, 2002. Time Canada, October 11, 2004, p. 66. Village Voice, March 29, 1994; September 18, 2002. Washington Post, July 8, 2008, p. C01.

Online “Beck: Artist of the Year,” Salon, http://www.archive.salon. com/dec96/beck961216.html (February 11, 2003). “Beck: Sea Change,” Pop Matters, http://www.popmatters. com/music/reviews/b/beck-seachange.shtml (February 11, 2003).

“Guero: Beck,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/ reviews/album/7207917/review/7209508/guero (November 28, 2008). “Guess I’m Doing Fine,” Salon, http://www.salon.com/ent/ music/feature/2002/10/02/beck/print.html (February 2, 2003). “The Heartbreak Kid,” Blender, http://www.blender.com/ articles/issue10/beck.html (February 19, 2003). “Hlwd. Freak,” Salon, http://www.dir.salon.com/ent/music/ feature/1999/11/10/beck/index.html (February 11, 2003). Additional information was provided by Geffen Records, Inc. —Kevin Hillstrom and Eve Hermann

Beck • 15

T

Eric Benét

Singer, songwriter

he music industry often uses terms like “retro-soul” or “alternative R&B” to describe the music of Eric Benét, one of a new generation of African-American artists, including D’Angelo, Maxwell, and Grammy award winner Tony Rich, who create music without the use of samples. However, Benét has declined to categorize his music as alternative. “The term ‘alternative R&B’ does kind of bug me a little bit because I feel that what we’re doing is pure R&B or a closer representation,” stated Benét in an interview with the Philadelphia Tribune. Since his debut effort in 1996, True To Myself, the hip purveyor of contemporary soul has ranked among the most innovative singers and songwriters in the urban music field. A musician who always remains true to the roots of R&B while adding his own modern flair, Benét explained on the Warner Brothers Web site, “I like the idea of making music that transcends time and history. Ella Fitzgerald, Nat King Cole: people will be playing their records 100 years from now. I hope to make music like that.” With four critically successful albums to his name as the new millennium’s first decade neared its end, Benét remained a consistent presence in the music collections of listeners with romance on their minds.

Raymond Boyd/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images

16 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

B

orn Eric Benét Jordan on October 15, 1966, in

Milwaukee, WI; children: India (daughter).

Released debut album, True To Myself, Warner Bros. Records, 1996; released A Day In The Life, Warner Bros., 1999; released Hurricane, 2005; co-wrote and performed on song “Heart of America” to benefit Hurricane Katrina victims, 2005; released Love & Life, Warner Bros., 2008. Addresses:

Record

company—Warner

Brothers

Records, 3300 Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA 91506; 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, NY 10019. Web site—Eric Benét Official Web site: http://www. ericbenet.com

Family Deaths Caused Depression Eric Benét Jordan, named after poet and author Stephen Vincent Benét, was born on October 15, 1966, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Growing up in a household always filled with music. For example, instead of telling her children what to do, Benét’s mother would sing her words, such as “Go and clean your roooom!,” Benét recalled in an interview with the iMusic Urban Showcase Web site. His other musical inspirations came from singing in church, as well as listening to the popular R&B artists of the 1960s and 1970s throughout his childhood. Together with his brother and two sisters, Benét displayed an interest in and obvious talent for music and harmonizing that would one day lead him to the top of the R&B charts. In the meantime, the aspiring singer, along with his sister Lisa and cousin George Nash Jr., an accomplished guitarist, formed a band called Benét and released their first collection of songs in 1992 on EMI Records. However, because the label was in the midst of a corporate reorganization at the time, the album went largely unnoticed. The group felt devastated by the blow, but Benét would soon face a series of tragic events that would prove even more difficult for him to recover from. Within an 18-month period in 1995, Benét witnessed his father’s demise from cancer and endured the death of former girlfriend Tami. The young woman, also the mother of Benét’s daughter, India, born in 1992, suffered extensive injuries in a car accident, and lay unconscious in a coma for five days before her death. Benét, torn apart emotionally by Tami’s death, fell into

a two-year depression. Only his daughter, at the time still a toddler, prevented him from giving up completely. “It really was the hardest thing I’ve ever gone through,” Benét recalled, in an interview with Chris Wells in the London Independent. “Even losing my father, as traumatic as that was, didn’t hurt as much because … well, at least when we knew he was dying we all—my mom, two sisters, my brother—got the chance to say goodbye. Tami and I weren’t actually together at the time she died—I was just seeing India every weekend—but the feelings of guilt, remorse, bereavement, depression just took over. Hearing India call my name when I came home from work at the end of the day felt like all I had to hang on.” Benét, now a single parent, took on the responsibility of raising his daughter alone. With his music career on hold because of his mental state, he worked shifts at United Parcel Service (UPS) and helped local Milwaukee musicians record demos in the studio. Eventually, Benét started to write songs again, most of them reflecting on his recent experiences. Then, with the help of Nash and friend Demonte Posey, a keyboard player and programmer, he recorded a demo tape of three songs and sent them to the Warner Brothers label. Soon thereafter, Warner Brothers responded with an offer for a record contract. Released Debut Album With his enthusiasm for music restored, Benét released his debut album, True to Myself, in 1996. The album, co-produced with Nash and Posey, drew on his childhood influences, the early 1970s soul musicians like Al Green, Sly Stone, and Stevie Wonder. Nonetheless, Benét managed to blend his own contemporary artistry with the forms he borrowed from these other artists, earning him critical recognition for an edgy take on R&B. Moreover, he attempted to incorporate aspects of various other genres into his songs as well. The record’s first single, “Spiritual Thang,” became a top ten hit on the R&B charts, and the single “Let’s Stay Together” was featured in the Martin Lawrence film A Thin Line Between Love and Hate. The album also included a song about his late girlfriend, called “While You Were Here,” which tallied up the aspects of their relationship that Benét had taken for granted. Despite the success of Benét’s first single, his debut effort suffered from low sales figures. The young singer blamed some of the lower-than-expected numbers on the fact that his music did not fit in with the typical urban radio format. “Urban radio has become this thing, with so many songs sounding alike,” Benét commented in the Philadelphia Tribune. “If you deviate from that then it’s really hard to be accepted. If you put any other influences of any other genres of music in your particular vibe, you’re not Black enough or you’re selling out. I think it’s a very narrow minded view of music, urban audiences have gotten so used to a certain kind of thing.” Nevertheless, even without the support of

Benét • 17

radio play, the determined singer forged ahead with a world tour to promote True to Myself, attracting fans wherever he traveled. After completing his worldwide tour, Benét returned to Milwaukee to write new songs for a follow-up release. For this collection, he teamed with other talented writers and producers. In addition to Nash and Posey, the album featured the vocals of singer Tamia and collaborations with producers Wyclef Jean and Ali Shaheed from the rap/hip-hop group A Tribe Called Quest, as well as a duet with hip-hop artist Faith Evans for a remake of “Georgy Porgy” by the 1980s pop group Toto. After a year of arranging and recording music with producers, Benét released A Day In The Life in 1999. In addition, Warner Brothers witnessed a marked improvement in record sales over Benét’s debut release. The album, more grounded in classic R&B than its predecessor, was largely inspired by Benét’s real-life experiences. “I keep a journal,” he said on the Warner Brothers Web site. “The album title came from rereading passages in my diary. As a songwriter, I just opened myself up to whatever came out of my heart.” As his fame grew, Benét continued to live in Milwaukee for a time, so his mother could help take care of India, enabling him to record and tour. “I … play all over the world, but when I get back home I like to keep all the things that surround her as calm and uneventful as possible.” he said to Wells. “OK, sometimes—not often—I have just taken her out of school for a week and done lessons with her just so we could be together. But, y’see, the older she gets, the more evident it is that she’s the single most important thing that’s happened to me.” Love & Life Surged on Charts As the chart run of A Day in the Life neared its end, however, Benét’s life was about to become very eventful. A friendship with megastar actress Halle Berry blossomed into romance, and the pair married in 2001. The marriage worked out well from India’s point of view; as she and Berry hit it off from the start. But that was one of the few strong points in the relationship between Benét and Berry. Benét himself pointed to unresolved psychological problems on both sides. “Halle came into the relationship with her issues and I came into the relationship definitely with my issues,” he told People. “It was … like the Titanic going down.” Whatever the reasons, the marriage came under strain after Benét engaged in widely publicized infidelities. In the summer of 2002, he checked into the Meadows rehab clinic in Arizona and underwent treatment for sex addiction. The marriage eventually foundered and ended in divorce in January of 2005. Benét’s breakup with Berry was chronicled in the songs of his Hurricane album, released in 2005 and thus widely thought to refer to Hurricane Katrina. The

18 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

album’s title was actually selected well before the hurricane hit, but Benét did make a contribution to hurricane relief when he co-wrote and sang (with pop vocalist Michael McDonald and country singer Wynonna Judd) on the single “Heart of America,” whose proceeds were donated to Katrina victims. Hurricane did not match the R&B top ten chart performance of A Day in the Life, but Benét bounced back with his 2008 release Love & Life. Benét and India had moved to Los Angeles by then, but the singer got back to his Milwaukee musical roots with the writing and production of the album, working with Posey and Nash. The results were dramatic, as the album cracked the top 15 of the Billboard 200 pop chart and headed toward the top of the R&B albums chart. “This was the very first time in my career that I could just do the whole record the way I wanted to,” Benét explained to Joy T. Bennett of Ebony. With guest appearances on several jazz-pop albums and a recurring appearance on the MTV series Kaya also to his credit, Benét was finally earning the career staying power of which he had dreamed early in his career.

Selected discography Albums True To Myself, Warner Bros., 1996. A Day In The Life, Warner Bros., 1999. Hurricane, Warner Bros., 2005. Love & Life, Warner Bros., 2008.

Compilations A Thin Line Between Love And Hate, Warner Bros., 1996. Batman & Robin, Warner Bros., 1997. Ride, Tommy Boy, 1998.

Singles (With Michael McDonald and Wynonna Judd) “Heart of America,” benefit for Hurricane Katrina victims, 2005.

Sources Periodicals Dallas Morning News, March 20, 1997, p. 39A. Ebony, June 2006, p. 86; October 2008, p. 54. Independent (London), April 23, 1999, p. 13. People, May 24, 1999, p. 41; July 11, 2005, p. 79. Philadelphia Tribune, May 30, 1997, p. PG. Toronto Sun, May 9, 1999, p. S13; May 21, 1999, p. 77.

Online “Eric Benét,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 20, 2008).

Eric Benét Official Web site, http://www.ericbenet.com (August 24, 1999, November 20, 2008). “Halle Berry Biography,” People, http://www.people.com/ people/halle_berry/biography/0,,20004436_10,00.html (November 20, 2008). iMusic Urban Showcase, http://www.imusic.com (August 24, 1999). Launch: Discover New Music, http://www.launch.com (August 24, 1999). RollingStone, http://www.rollingstone.com (August 4, 1999). Warner Brothers Records, http://www.wbr.com (August 24, 1999). —Laura Hightower and James M. Manheim

Benét • 19

C

Carla Bley

Bandleader, composer, music arranger, pianist

arla Bley has been a vital force in the jazz world for more than 40 years. As a musician and composer, her flair for the outrageous and her engaging sense of humor, combined with a profound dedication to her art and audience, have placed her on music’s cutting edge. As an entrepreneur in the recording and publishing fields, her creativity and financial savvy have nurtured the careers of many new artists who, because of their reluctance to adhere to set standards of conformity, found difficulty securing financial support from traditional channels. That she accomplished her success with no formal training, and in a male-dominated field, is proof of her talent and perseverance. Bley was born Carla Borg in 1938 in Oakland, California. Her mother died when she was eight years old, and Bley was raised in a strict religious atmosphere by her father, a choir director and piano teacher. Bley’s earliest musical experiences revolved around the church. She recalled in Contemporary Keyboard, “I spent the first 15 years of my life playing music only for Jesus.” But even in this environment her witty and irreverent approach to music began to take shape. According to an interview in Jazz, she composed “twelve variations on ‘Onward Christian Soldiers,’ one a march, one a waltz, one a polka version, ending up with a dirge and a ‘Hallelujah Chorus.’”

© Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS

20 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

B

orn on May 11, 1938, in Oakland, CA; daughter of

Emil Carl Borg (a piano teacher and choir director)

and Arlene Anderson (a musician); married Paul Bley (a jazz pianist), 1959 (divorced, 1967); married Michael Mantler (a composer and trumpeter), 1967 (separated); children: Karen. Education: Attended public schools until age 15. Began composing in late 1950s, writing pieces for George Russell, Jimmy Giuffre and Paul Bley; cofounded Jazz Composers’ Orchestra with Michael Mantler, 1964, the nonprofit Jazz Composers’ Orchestra Association (JCOA), 1966, and New Music Distribution Service; founded own recording label, Watt, 1973; composed “3/4” for piano and orchestra, 1974, which premiered in New York City with Keith Jarrett as soloist; toured Europe with Jack Bruce band, 1975; formed Carla Bley Band, 1977; toured and recorded with Carla Bley Band and with smaller ensembles, 1980s and early 1990s; formed quartets 4x4 (1998) and the Lost Chords (2003); released Carla Bley Big Band album Looking for America, 2003; toured Europe with Carla Bley Big Band, composed Carla’s Christmas Carols for Essen Philharmonic Orchestra (Germany), 2006; released The Lost Chords Find Paolo Freyu, 2007. Awards: Grants from Cultural Council Foundation, 1971 and 1979, and National Endowment for the Arts, 1973; Guggenheim fellow, 1972; seven-time winner of Down Beat’s international jazz critics’ poll; Down Beat readers’ poll, best composer of the year, 1984. Addresses: Booking—c/o Ted Kurland Associates, 173 Brighton Ave., Boston, MA 02134.

Bley quit school at age 15, worked briefly at a music store, and then moved to New York City, where she found a job as a cigarette girl at the famed Birdland jazz club. In those surroundings she began seriously listening to jazz, and the influences of the musicians she heard at the time—pianist Thelonius Monk, trumpet player Dizzy Gillespie, saxophonist John Coltrane, and many others—can be detected in her compositions and solo improvisations. It was also at Birdland that Bley met her first husband, Canadian pianist Paul Bley.

They were married in 1959 and moved back to the West Coast, where they kept company with some of the most important avant-garde jazz musicians of the 1960s, notably saxophonist Ornette Coleman, bassist Charlie Haden, and trumpeter Don Cherry. Bley began composing, mainly through her husband’s prodding. “He’d come in and say, ‘Well, I got a record date tomorrow and I need six hot ones,’” she told Contemporary Keyboard. “I’d sit down and write six of them. I just functioned like that. Instead of cooking the dinner, that would be my job.” Cofounded Jazz Composers’ Orchestra Association Bley first came to the attention of the general public in the late 1960s. In 1967 vibraharpist Gary Burton recorded her cycle of pieces, A Genuine Tong Funeral. Two years later Bley provided both arrangements and original compositions for Charlie Haden’s Liberation Music Orchestra, an album celebrating the spirit of the Spanish Civil War. Bley finished a five-year project, Escalator Over The Hill, a kind of surreal opera that she subtitled “a chronotransduction” in 1970. The piece, one of her most ambitious works, was subsequently issued by the Jazz Composers’ Orchestra Association (JCOA), which Bley cofounded to produce her own work as well as that of other jazz composers. During the 1970s and 1980s Bley toured extensively with her ten-piece band, a group founded specifically to perform her own music, and she recorded several albums for her own label, Watt. In the early 1990s, while continuing her work as composer and bandleader, Bley also focused on her talents as an improviser at the piano, both as soloist with her band and in a duet setting with bassist Steve Swallow, with whom she toured extensively in 1988. Bley’s method of composing and arranging is considered among the most eclectic of all jazz artists. Her work has displayed an instantly recognizable style that combines musical elements of swing, bebop, marches, rock and roll, waltzes, and even German cabaret music. Yet in spite of her unconventional style, she has always remained something of a conservative in her melodies and harmonic structures. Gary Burton told Down Beat, “I know a Carla Bley tune the minute I hear it. It’s direct. It is not complicated. It is not layer upon layer of subtle interaction. It’s very strong melody, very strong harmony, simply constructed. Carla wants her music to hit you square between the eyes.” Continued Unique Improvisations Although Bley’s keyboard improvisations have been strongly influenced by such jazz pianists as Thelonius Monk and Bill Evans, in many ways her solo work is as striking and individual as her compositional style. Be-

Bley • 21

cause she received no formal training, she has developed an idiosyncratic method of fingering that produces a unique tone and manner of phrasing. Her improvisations are notable for their economy; she relishes a sense of space while improvising, and the listener has the sense that every single note is meaningful. In fact, Bley once asserted to Down Beat writer Don Palmer, “When I do a solo and when it’s good, there’s a word for every note I play. I speak the solos while I play.” Although Bley has occasionally made concessions to commercial trends in music—her 1985 album Night Glo would easily fit on the playlists of most adult contemporary radio stations—she has for the most part remained true to her unique musical ideals. Her 1991 release The Very Big Carla Bley Band, for example, featured a 15-minute work titled “United States,” in which big band jazz, blues, salsa, polka music, snatches of John Philip Sousa marches, and even “The Star Spangled Banner,” are combined to provide an amazingly cohesive portrait of the 50 states. Carla Bley’s musical accomplishments alone warrant her acceptance as a crucial figure in modern jazz. Yet her success offstage, as a leader in the intensely competitive music industry, has been equally remarkable and has profoundly affected the careers of many innovative artists. In 1965, along with Austrian musician—and future second husband—Michael Mantler, Bley helped found the Jazz Composers’ Orchestra, an ensemble dedicated to the performance of new works by aspiring jazz composers. “The Jazz Composers’ Orchestra was everybody’s band, the community’s band. All the composers who wanted to write for a large orchestra got to write for one,” Bley informed Linda Dahl, author of Stormy Weather: The Music and Lives of a Century of Jazzwomen. Bley and Mantler subsequently founded the Jazz Composers’ Orchestra Association (JCOA)—a nonprofit organization that produces, records, and distributes jazz considered too experimental by the major recording companies—and New Music Distribution Service, a branch of JCOA serving as an umbrella organization that supports more than 200 independent record companies. The work of these organizations has been financed largely by copyright royalties from Bley’s compositions. Bley and Mantler also formed the Watt Works label in 1973, putting them well in advance of the large group of musicians, both inside and outside jazz, who would take control of the recording and distribution of their own music. Drew Increasing Support in Europe For Bley, these business ventures remained an enormous source of pride. She has been able to lend a hand to fellow struggling artists and also maintain her artistic integrity. She told Jazz’s Sy Johnson, “I feel proud and sort of like a shining example, mainly be-

22 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

cause I’m independent. I don’t belong to a stable. I’m not a pet of the recording industry. I put out my own records. We book our own band. I have my own publishing company. I have my own recording studio. Everything I do is totally controlled by me.” It is this fierce self-reliance that has made Carla Bley an innovative and influential figure in American music. Bley continued to influence jazz stateside, but in the 1990s and 2000s it was increasingly Europeans, with their strong interest in jazz and generous government music patronage systems, who had the wherewithal to commission new music from her and mount Bley performances, especially in the big band genre. Bley visited most of the major European countries and composed major new works for the Berlin Jazz Festival (Setting Calvin’s Waltz, 1995), the Grenoble [France] Jazz Festival (Les Trois Lagons, with Andy Sheppard, 1996), and a Japanese jazz-orchestral hybrid called Fancy Chamber Music. With these new challenges taking up her creative energy, Bley in 2000 retired the duet format in which she had so often been heard. Barely slowing down or even visibly aging as she approached senior-citizen status, Bley continued to compose major new works in the 2000s and to perform with groups ranging from trios to her Carla Bley Big Band. She formed a pair of quartets, 4x4 and the Lost Chords; the latter group played at the Newport Jazz Festival in Rhode Island and did a one-week stand at New York’s prestigious Blue Note club in 2005. Among Bley’s major compositions of the new decade was Looking for America (2003), a typically eclectic work that surveyed the American musical and social landscape. In 2006 Bley teamed with Germany’s Essen Philharmonic Orchestra for a new jazz-orchestral work, Carla’s Christmas Carols, and she followed that up with a new studio recording, The Lost Chords Find Paolo Fresu, recorded with Italian trumpeter Fresu, the next year.

Selected discography A Genuine Tong Funeral, RCA, 1967. The Jazz Composer’s Orchestra, JCOA, 1968. Charlie Haden, Liberation Music Orchestra, Impulse, 1969. Escalator Over the Hill, JCOA, 1971. Tropic Appetites, Watt, 1973. 13-3/4, Watt, 1975. Dinner Music, Watt, 1976. The Carla Bley Band—European Tour 1977, Watt, 1977. Music Mecanique, Watt, 1979. Fictitious Sports, Columbia, 1980. Social Studies, Watt, 1980. Carla Bley Live!, Watt, 1981. The Ballad of the Fallen, ECM, 1983. Heavy Heart, Watt, 1984. I Hate to Sing, Watt, 1985. Night Glo, Watt, 1985. Duets, Watt, 1988.

Fleur Carnivore, Watt, 1989. The Very Big Carla Bley Band, Watt, 1991.

Present: Their Words, Lives, and Music, Seaview Books, 1982.

Periodicals

Selected extended compositions Escalator Over the Hill, JCOA, 1972. Mortelle randonnee (film score), Phonogram, 1985. Looking for America, ECM, 2003.

Sources Books Dahl, Linda, Stormy Weather: The Music and Lives of a Century of Jazzwomen, Pantheon, 1984. Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement, volume 26, Thomson Gale, 2006. Placksin, Sally, American Women in Jazz, 1900 to the

Contemporary Keyboard, February 1979. Down Beat, March 30, 1972; June 1, 1978; August 1984; April 1991. Jazz, Spring 1978. New York Times, February 10, 1985. Sensible Sound April-May 2008, p. 52. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), June 28, 2008, p. E1.

Online “Carla Bley,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 24, 2008). “Carla Bley Biography,” Watt Records, http://www.wattxtra watt.com (November 24, 2008). —Jeffrey Taylor and James M. Manheim

Bley • 23

T

Blue Rodeo Country-rock group

he essence of Blue Rodeo’s music was born out of such influences as Elvis Costello, the Beatles, and the Rolling Stones. The band’s synthesis of rock, country, folk, and pop has remained steady throughout Blue Rodeo’s roots rock career. While the roster of band members has changed over the years, co-songwriters and singers Greg Keelor and Jim Cuddy—sometimes likened to the Beatles’ duo John Lennon and Paul McCartney—have led the band from anonymity to stardom in Canada and to significant recognition in America. Greg Keelor and Jim Cuddy had known each other in high school, but didn’t begin playing together until five years after graduation. Initially, the Canadian duo formed a punk/pop band called the Hi Fis in 1977, which dissolved when they moved to New York City and fashioned another short-lived aggregation known as Fly to France. Blue Rodeo officially took root in 1984. After coming up with the band’s name—which hinted at their twinge of country sound—Keelor and Cuddy invited original drummer Cleave Anderson to take part. Anderson recruited bass player Bazil Donovan, who had coincidentally answered the band’s famous ad in NOW Magazine, which read; “If you’ve dropped acid 20 times, lost three or four years to booze

TODD KOROL/Reuters/Landov

24 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Cleave Anderson, drums; Jim

saying, “We’ve played between 175 and 200 shows every year since we started. That’s the way we spread the word in Canada: If somebody would have us, we’d play there.”

Cuddy, guitars and vocals; Bazil Donovan (born in

Halifax, Nova Scotia), bass; Greg Keelor, guitars and vocals; and Bobby Wiseman, piano and acetone. Later members include Kim Deschamps (born in Kirkland Lake, Ontario; joined group, 1992; departed 2000), pedal steel and lap steel guitars; Mark French (joined group, 1989; left group, 1993), drums; James Gray (joined group, 1993), keyboards, and Glenn Milchem (born in 1963; joined group, 1992), drums; Bob Egan (joined group 2002), pedal and lap steel guitars. Group formed in 1984 in Canada; signed with Risque Disque and released first album, Outskirts, 1987; appeared as Meryl Streep’s backup band in film Postcards from the Edge, 1989; signed with Atlantic Records, 1990; signed with Discovery Records, 1993; signed with WEA/Warner, 1995; co-founder Greg Keelor released first solo album, 1996; co-founder Jim Cuddy released first solo album, 1998; band replaced departing Kin Deschamps with former Wilco sideman Bob Egan, 2002; appeared in documentary Blue Road in 2009. Awards: Toronto Music Award for Best Group, 1988, 1989; Casby Award for Best Group, 1988, 1989; Juno Award for Best Single, 1989; Juno Award for Canadian Band of the Year, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1996; Juno Award for Group of the Year, Adult Alternative Album of the Year, and Video of the Year, 2008. Addresses: Record company—WEA/Warner Bros. Canada, 5000 Yonge St., Ste. 1503, Toronto, Ontario, M2N 7E9, Canada, phone: 416-730-6242. Management—Blue Rodeo Productions/Starfish Entertainment, 906A Logan Ave., Ontario, Canada, M4K 3E4, phone: 416-588-3329, fax: 416-588-2842. Web site—Blue Rodeo Official Web site: http://www.bluerodeo.com.

and can still manage to keep time, call Jim or Greg.” Keyboard player Bobby Wiseman hooked up with the band through his older brother’s friendship with Keelor, and Blue Rodeo was complete. Blue Rodeo began by playing the Toronto clubs and other gigs. Cuddy was quoted in Rolling Stone as

Double Platinum Blue Rodeo’s first two albums, Outskirts in 1987 and Diamond Mine in 1989, both earned critical acclaim and won double-platinum awards. These initial recording efforts fostered a growing throng of devoted fans and attracted the attention of such legendary singersongwriters as Kris Kristofferson and Elvis Costello. In 1989 Mark French replaced Anderson on drums. The band toured Germany that year, opening for Edie Brickell and New Bohemians, and also appeared at the Montreux Jazz Festival. Blue Rodeo received the first of three consecutive Juno Awards—Canada’s equivalent to the Grammys—for Canadian Band of the Year, and performed at the ceremony with Robbie Robertson and The Band. The band appeared as Meryl Streep’s backup band in the movie Postcards from the Edge when the actress heard their music in her limosine as she rode back and forth to the movie’s set. Blue Rodeo’s third album, Casino, was released in 1990 after being written, rehearsed, and recorded in just four months. Once the album was completed, the band’s manager, John Caton, left the music business due to a serious heart condition. When Blue Rodeo’s original record company, Risque Disque–which was owned by Caton–suspended operations due to financial difficulties, the band switched to Atlantic Records, later absorbed by Warner Bros., for the release of Casino. The album’s appealing mix of pop, country, and blues provided the band’s breakthrough to the American music scene. Nicholas Jennings stated in Maclean’s, “[Casino] is already getting airplay on radio stations ranging from rock to easy listening, a rare feat that proves that the band can bridge a variety of styles with its country-tinged pop sound.” Keelor didn’t feel a great pressure or urgency to succeed in the United States. He commented in Rolling Stone: “The question always arises if we’re worried about not being popular in the States. We have to keep reminding people that we’ve got an awfully good thing going in Canada—we constantly do cross-country tours and sell a lot of records up here. As far as I’m concerned, anything else that happens would be like winning the lottery.” The band began a national Canadian tour in January of 1991, covering all ten provinces and Labrador to promote the album. They also appeared on NBC’s The Tonight Show in August of that year. Between recording and touring, Blue Rodeo remained true to its belief in quietly supporting various causes. They played benefits for anti-nuclear and disarmament groups, and spoke out in favor of native rights. They also performed at the Stein Valley Festival in British

Blue Rodeo • 25

Columbia in 1990 to voice their concern for the endangered West Coast rainforest. Solidified North American Success Blue Rodeo’s 1992 release Lost Together reinforced the band’s foothold in both the Canadian and American music scenes. The album showcased the talent of band newcomers Kim Deschamps—formerly of the Cowboy Junkies—on pedal and lap steel, mandolin, and banjo; and Glenn Milchem—of Andrew Cash’s band and Groovy Religion—on drums. Subsequently, Blue Rodeo’s sound took on a new edge, and their musical growth was widely recognized. Parke Puterbaugh stated in Stereo Revew: “Lost Together is a cornucopia of solid tunes and strong arrangements from a Canadian band that just keeps getting better and better.” Nicholas Jennings stated in Rolling Stone that “with their latest album, Cuddy and Keelor have steered the group in a decidedly more urban direction: although Lost Together still features some of their old familiar twang, the most exciting tracks are those with a grittier, downtown feel.” Blue Rodeo’s fifth album, Five Days in July, introduced James Gray on keyboards and accordion. Guest musicians included singer and pianist Sarah McLachlan, cellist Anne Bourne, and guitarist Colin Linden. Although originally intended to be a demo, the work became an album as the group’s music ignited at the unusual recording location at Keelor’s farmhouse in Ontario. Keelor stated in the album’s promotional literature: “We set up in the living room. … It was great to make music in this atmosphere, people always walking around and the sun coming in the windows.” Any concern of losing the Blue Rodeo sound by recording in such an unconventional place was dismissed. Larry LeBlanc wrote in Billboard: “One worry was that by recording together quickly and being outside a conventional studio, the performances might be too ragged. To their relief, what the band members heard on tape exceeded their expectations.” Sales of the acoustic album topped triple-platinum. Blue Rodeo’s sixth album, Nowhere to Here, was released in 1995 and revealed a darker side to the band’s sound. While continuing to combine country, rock, and folk in their unique genre, the band explored new depths in songs infused with emotional lyrics. This new direction and the band’s extensive touring led to a greater international audience, and Blue Rodeo was awarded another Juno Award for Canadian Band of the Year in 1996. Vic Garbarini stated in Playboy: “Nowhere to Here is another of [Blue Rodeo’s] pristine country-rock albums that outclass their American cousins. They do rebel on some mesmerizing jams that capture the spirit of their live shows.”

26 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Continued to Evolve At their early peak, co-founders Cuddy and Keelor created more material than could ever be tackled by their group alone. Subsequently, both began cutting solo side project albums. Keelor, largely regarded as the rocker of the duo, released many of his albums during Blue Rodeo’s lengthier breaks. Likewise, Cuddy issued his discs during or after band sabbaticals. Further, both added their talents to projects featuring such independent luminaries as the Sadies, Justin Rutledge, Michelle McAdorey, Great Big Sea, and many others. The band’s lineup continued to change during the early 2000s. Pedal steel master Kim Deschamps, really only a part-time member, was ousted in 2000 so the band could enjoy more latitude with its live and studio sound. The band’s decision came as something of a surprise to Deschamps. “I was not aware that they were thinking of replacing me. Or emptying my chair, as they said,” as noted on the Bob Egan.com Web site. Deschamps’s eventual replacement was former Wilco steel guitarist Bob Egan, whose presence was first heard on the band’s 2002 album Palace of Gold. Despite long dormant periods, which caused fans to speculate on a possible break-up, Blue Rode continued to evolve as a recording act. Their 2005 album Are You Ready skillfully blended country-soul with British Invasion pop and 70s-era garage rock. Equally potent, their 2007 release Small Miracles incorporated a vast array of influences from 1960s rock, folk, country and pop. Productionwise, the multilayered album featuring dashes of horn and string arrangements became a critical and commercial smash, earning the group three more Juno awards for their artistry. Although they are still mainly a Canadian phenomenon, chances are Blue Rodeo will be around long enough for the rest of North America to catch on. “I just feel like I have such an enjoyable musical life,” Keelor told David Schmeichel of Sun Media. “The Blue Rodeo thing is great, we’re a popular band and we can work.”

Selected discography Outskirts, Risque Disque, 1987. Diamond Mine, Risque Disque, 1989. Casino, Atlantic Records, 1990. Lost Together, Atlantic Records, 1992. Five Days in July, Discovery Records, 1993. Nowhere to Here, Discovery Records, 1995. Tremolo, Discovery, 1997. Just Like a Vacation, WEA/Warner Bros., 1999. The Days in Between, WEA/Warner Bros., 2000. Greatest Hits, Vol. 1, WEA/Warner Bros., 2001. Palace of Gold, WEA/Warner Bros., 2002 Are You Ready, Rounder, 2005. Small Miracles, WEA/Warner Bros., 2007. Blue Room, WEA/Warner Bros., 2009.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, December 11, 1993. Maclean’s, February 18, 1991; August 26, 1991; July 13, 1992. Playboy, January 1996. Rolling Stone, May 2, 1991. Stereo Review, November 1992.

Online “Blue Rodeo,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com. (November 30, 2008). “Blue Rodeo,” CANOE - JAM!, http://www.jam.canoe.ca/ Music/Pop_Encyclopedia/B?Bue_Rodeo.html, (November 30, 2008).

“Blue Rodeo founders still friends,” CANOE - JAM!, http:// www.jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/B?Blue_Rodeo/2008/01/ 24/pf-4790804, (November 30, 2008). Blue Rodeo Official Web site, http://www.bluerodeo.com, (November 30, 2008). “Blue Rodeo Recruits Ex-Wilco Guitarist?” Bob Egan Online, http://www.bobegan.com/news/recruits.html (November 30, 2008). “Greg Keelor,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com. (December 2, 2008). “Jim Cuddy,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com. (December 2, 2008). Additional material for this profile was obtained through publicity materials for the band’s 2009 release Blue Road. —Alison Jones and Ken Burke

Blue Rodeo • 27

Brazilian Girls Electronic pop group

N

ew York-based electronic pop quartet Brazilian Girls has no Brazilian members, and only one of the musicians is female. This multicultural group, whose members are Argentinian, American, and Italian, is known for a sound that blends Latin, dance/ electronic, dub, jazz, and pop. The group formed in 2003, when keyboardist Didi Gutman, bassist Jesse Murphy, drummer Aaron Johnston, and singer Sabina Sciubba met each other at Nublu, a club in downtown Manhattan, and began giving performances each weekend. In Remix, Gutman told Ken Micallef that at the time, the mood in New York was still weighed down by the terrorist attacks of 2001: “You couldn’t have a sense of humor. … There was not much room for bohemians in the city. Nublu was an oasis in that sense. It was the place to be for the international community and also for people who didn’t have to wake up the next morning to go to work.” The group started jamming together, each of them contributing sounds and ideas. They often brought in sounds to use as starting points. Gutman told Micallef, “Songs can come from loops, some rhythmic and some textural, or from something that creates a certain ambiance.” Gutman told Fred Shuster in the Los Angeles Daily News, “We rely on accidents happening when we get together. We always say we want to keep it simple, and then the music gets complicated.” He also remarked that they knew right away that they had something good going together: “We could see from the dancers at the club that they liked us. It just began to grow. In things like that, I believe you make your own luck.”

28 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

They chose the name Brazilian Girls out of a sense of whimsy. Gutman told Jay Lustig in the Newark, New Jersey, Star-Ledger, “We had to have a name, and we like things that are not exactly making sense.” Johnston remarked, “We came up with it to attract people’s attention. I’m from the Midwest, and there was a band there called Free Beer and Chicken. It’s a little bit of the same aesthetic.” After they had been together for two months, they recorded some single tracks, including “Homme” and “Die Gedanken Sind Frei” (Thoughts Are Free), and collected them on a self-released EP. They sent copies to a variety of recording companies, including Verve, and when Verve made an offer, Brazilian Girls accepted. Gutman told Michael Paoletta in Billboard, “We had offers from other labels, but … we wanted a label that was enthusiastic about us and our music.” Verve formed an imprint called Forecast, and Brazilian Girls was the first group recorded on it. The label grew to include other offbeat adult contemporary artists, such as blues rocker Susan Tedeschi, Old 97’s singer Rhett Miller, and Italian singer Chiara Civello. Verve president/CEO Ron Goldstein told Paoletta that “adult contemporary refers to a college-age-plus audience that buys a great variety of music.” In 2005 the group released their self-titled debut album on the Verve label. It included the tracks that had previously appeared on their self-released album, as well as some new numbers. Paoletta called Sciubba’s vocals “wickedly sublime.” According to Charlie Amter in the Los Angeles Times, some listeners were put off by Sciubba’s habit of singing in multiple languages. Sciubba commented that “some people just think, ‘What is this? I don’t understand a word.’” She noted, “I think from the outside it might seem a little pretentious, but that’s really how my life is,” and added, “When I pick up the phone you never know what language I’m going to speak.” Sciubba has another gimmick: she always performs with her eyes covered, using anything from sunglasses to electrical tape. “I can always see, but nobody can see my eyes,” she says. The group’s 2006 release Talk to La Bomb contained “the same dizzy mix of bossa nova, jazz, rock, and electro beats” as their debut album, according to Leah Greenblatt in Entertainment Weekly. Greenblatt remarked that Sciubba’s “international charm” and multilingual vocals “sex up even unsexy topics,” such as songs about sweatshop labor and tequila-induced mistakes. The album had modest sales, but according to Amter, it may have set the stage for the band to cross over to the mainstream. Sciubba told him, “I can’t say it was a conscious decision. It was really just what came out in the studio.” In 2008 Brazilian Girls released New York. On this release, the group had become a trio, working without

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Didi Gutman, keyboards;

Aaron Johnston, drums; Jesse Murphy,

bass; Sabina Sciubba, vocals. Group formed in 2003; released Brazilian Girls (2005); Talk to La Bomb (2006); New York (2008). Addresses: Record company—Verve Music Group, 1755 Broadway, Ⲇ3 New York, NY 10019.

we all want to express; this time it was on more of an emotional level, trying to reach a little deeper into the songwriting and adding things that would be meaningful.” He added that the album “had to do with listening to all kinds of different music, and at some point we went on this adventure.”

Selected discography Brazilian Girls, Verve, 2005. Talk to La Bomb, Verve, 2006. New York, Verve, 2008.

Sources Jesse Murphy. Katie Hasty, writing in Billboard, noted that the group’s sound was “as internationally diverse as the Big Apple itself.” However, Hasty found the wide variation in styles and languages a bit jarring, noting that the songs sometimes clash with one another. Micallef wrote that the songs partake of New York City’s “pan-global pollination” as well as “the mentally adroit aesthetic pioneered by such New York bands as the Talking Heads,” and that the album was “a feast for the sonic senses.” Gutman told Micallef that the album did not focus on any one particular style: “There are certain areas that

Periodicals Billboard, November 6, 2004, p. 42; January 29, 2005, p. 5; February 19, 2005, p. 41; April 16, 2005, p. 44; August 9, 2008, p. 45. Daily News (Los Angeles, CA), October 29, 2006, p. U13. Entertainment Weekly, September 29, 2008, p. 81. Los Angeles Times, October 26, 2006. Miami Herald, February 8, 2005. Remix, October 1, 2008. Star-Ledger (Newark, NJ), March 11, 2005, p. 21. —Kelly Winters

Brazilian Girls • 29

When Zemler asked why, Ford replied, “Every band makes the same record it seems. We just didn’t want to do that. Music is boring enough as it is.” The album garnered them a barrage of praise from critics, as well as more offers of contracts from several labels.

The Bronx Hardcore punk band

H

ardcore punk band The Bronx are a quintet of musicians from Los Angeles. They have released three self-titled albums. Although their music is considered punk, member Joby Ford told Emily Zemler in the Eagle, “Punk hasn’t existed for roughly 20 years. Any band that calls themselves punk has no grasp on reality.” The group originally included Matt Caughthran on vocals, Joby Ford and Ken Horne on guitar, Jorma Vik on drums, and James Tweedy on bass. Later, Tweedy was replaced by Brad Magers. They played music together for quite a while before playing any real shows, but after they played two shows in their hometown of Los Angeles, they had numerous record labels offering them contracts. The band turned them all down, preferring to produce their debut album on their own without any backing from a label. They recorded the album in 2002, with assistance from Guns N’ Roses’ Gilby Clark, and joined with Ferret Music to release it. The album was issued in 2003 as a joint release between Ferret and the Bronx’s own label, White Drugs Records. The Bronx’s sound was described by Casey Boland in Slant: “They didn’t necessarily do the punk rock thing better than anyone else, but they played it so effortlessly that it was like no band had ever cranked out quick, bratty volleys of punk fury before.” The Bronx recorded the album live, and only recorded three takes of each song, preferring any rough edges that might result to a smoothed-out, perfected product.

30 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“A Brutally Addictive Assault” For their second album, also self-titled, the band broke down and went with Def Jam Records. This album, noted Mandana Beigi in One Way Magazine, “takes off like a rollercoaster of spine-snapping punk.” She also commented that the band “brought energy, nonconformity, and uncompromised music back on stage when it felt like punk rock was dying a slow and painful death.” In Antiquiet, Johnny Firecloud wrote that the album was “a brutally addictive assault of rhythmic precision, gorgeous speed-freak riffs and iron-lunged vocals.” Despite this success, the band’s partnership with a major label was short-lived; they preferred to have sole creative control over their work, and decided to go back to producing their own music from then on. They also detested the marketing activities that any mainstream label would insist they undertake. Ford told Firecloud, “I don’t want to do signings, I don’t want to have to do weird contests where you get a t-shirt and a soda and hang out. … I don’t want to do that. I want to play music because I like it.” In addition to being known as a punk band, The Bronx have another life—playing mariachi-style music. They had a song called “Dirty Leaves” on their second album. When they were invited to perform it on a television show, they decided to give it a mariachi flavor; they wore mariachi costumes, performed the song in the mariachi style, and called themselves “El Bronx” for the performance. This whim turned out to be so successful that the band spun off a side project, lining up more mariachi shows and an album titled El Bronx. Another change that occurred between the band’s second and third albums is that bassist James Tweedy left the group and was replaced by Brad Magers. Because Magers was a skilled trumpet player as well as a bass player, he was a boon for their new appearance as a mariachi band. Social Club The Bronx started their own label, Social Club, to produce other musicians. On their Web site, they mockingly commented: “We took the name from a UK men’s drinking club. … We thought it sounded cool and completely worthless—and who likes drinking with a room full of guys? British people, that’s who.” They added, “Social Club is an experiment of sorts, what

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Matt Caughthran, vocals;

Joby Ford guitar; Ken Horne, guitar; Brad

Magers (replaced James Tweedy), bass; James Tweedy, (left the band), bass; and Jorma Vik, (drums). Released The Bronx, 2003; The Bronx II, 2006; The Bronx III, 2008; El Bronx, 2008; founded Social Club label.

beat strengths,” and the band’s “pure rock fury.” In Slant, Casey Boland took a different view, commenting that like many bands, over time the group’s energy had “decelerated” and that the band sounded tired, “as if their previous exploits sapped all their passion and energy.”

Selected discography The Bronx, White Drugs, 2003. The Bronx II, Def Jam, 2006. The Bronx III, White Drugs, 2008. El Bronx, White Drugs, 2008

Addresses: Office—The Bronx, 7095 Hollywood Blvd. Ⲇ651, Los Angeles, CA 90028.

Sources Online

other people sound like playing and/or singing our songs in an environment that has no expectations.” And they noted, “All songs are recorded to the satisfaction of the guest.” All of this was in response to their previous experiences recording with labels run by other people, when they were told what to do or how to do it, and they resented having to deal with other people’s ideas or ego. For this project, they planned to produce only 100 copies of each issue, in a seven-inch format. In 2007 The Bronx appeared in a film about punk music, titled What We Do Is Secret, playing as the band Black Flag. In 2008 the band released their third self-titled album. In Crave Online, Johnny Firecloud noted that recording two separate albums in two completely different styles was a challenge that not many bands could rise to, but he declared that The Bronx had succeeded. About The Bronx III, he wrote, “It’s all listenable, and about as close to a flawless record as I’ve heard all year.” He commented on Caughthran: “The guy’s throat is a freakin’ jet engine. He’s got the kind of scream that legions of singers would kill for, and he’s spent the past two years fine-tuning what’s undoubtedly one of the best voices in punk.” Firecloud also praised drummer Jorma Vik’s “precision and back-

“The Bronx,” Kiwibox, http://www.kiwibox.com/article/37936 (November 25, 2008). “The Bronx,” One Way Magazine, http://www.onewaymag azine.com/launch_22-1052.html (November 25, 2008). “The Bronx,” Slant, November 13, 2008, http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=1584 (November 25, 2008). “The Bronx Doesn’t Need a Record Label to Conquer the World,” Antiquiet, July 1, 2007, http://www.antiquiet.com/ interviews/2008/07/the-bronx-doesn’t-need-a-record-label -to-conquer-the-world/ (November 25, 2008). The Bronx Official Web Site, http://www.thebronxxx.com/ (November 25, 2008). “Insensitivity Training with Joby Ford of The Bronx,” Antiquiet, June 30, 2008, http://www.antiquiet.com/interviews/2008/ 06/insensitivity-training-with-joby-ford-of-the-bronx/ (November 25, 2008). “L.A. Stooges The Bronx Declare Punk Dead,” Eagle, November 8, 2004, http://www.theeagleonline.com/me dia/storage/paper666/news/2004/11/08/TheScene/L.a.Stooges.The.Bronx.Declare.Punk.Dead-796518.shtml (November 25, 2008). “Review: The Bronx III,” Crave Online, November 7, 2008, http://www.craveonline.com/articles/music/04652180/ review_the_bronx__bronx_iii.html (November 25, 2008). —Kelly Winters

The Bronx • 31

M

Buckcherry

Rock group

any bands break up and later reunite, but a few— like Buckcherry—find their way back into the spotlight. In 1999 Buckcherry released a self-titled debut album, which featured the unlikely chart-topper “Lit Up,” an energy-infused party anthem praising cocaine. The album, filled with ripping hard-rock songs celebrating sex, drugs, and rock ’n’ roll, sold well and attained gold status. But a poorly received sophomore album soured the group’s outlook and the rebel rockers split. When lead singer Josh Todd and guitarist Keith Nelson resurrected Buckcherry a few years later, they could not find any major labels willing to sign them. They released an album anyway, in 2006. Titled 15, the album spawned several Billboard-charting songs and touched off a twenty-first century resurgence in the rock movement, forcing the music industry to take note of the band no one wanted. The album went on to be certified platinum. “It’s beyond a comeback,” Artist Group International president Dennis Arfa told Gary Graff of Billboard, noting that he, too, had passed on signing the group. “A resurgence of Buckcherry, in every format? I certainly didn’t believe this would be what it is. I thought [the band] was beyond rescue. To me, this is the story of the year.”

FREDERICK BROWN/CBS/Landov

32 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Jimmy Ashhurst (joined band

in 2005), bass; Jonathan Brightman (left

band in 2002), bass; Devon Glenn (born August 2, 1980; left band in 2002), drums; Yogi Lonich (joined band c. 2000; left in 2002), guitar; Xavier Muriel (joined band in 2005), drums; Keith Nelson (founding member), guitar; Stevie D. (joined band in 2005), guitar; Josh Todd (born c. 1972; founding member), lead vocals. Group formed in Los Angeles, 1995; became popular in Los Angeles area, late 1990s; released debut album, Buckcherry, DreamWorks, 1999; released Time Bomb, 2001; went on hiatus, 2002-05; released 15, Eleven Seven, 2006; released Black Butterfly, Eleven Seven, 2008. Addresses: Management—Tenth St. Entertainment, 700 N. San Vicente Blvd. ⲆG410, West Hollywood, CA 90069. Web site—Buckcherry Official Web site: http:// www.buckcherry.com.

Band Formed in Los Angeles The West Coast-based Buckcherry came together in 1995 after Todd and Nelson were introduced by their tattoo artist. The two hit it off and produced a few widely diverse demo tapes. Among his influences, Todd counted comedian Sam Kinison and bands like Metallica and AC/DC, as well as gangsta rap. “I used to listen to punk rock and then got turned on to Prince and Billy Idol,” Todd told Vox magazine. “I always had this weird mix of music going on, but it was the best of all worlds.” In time, a bass player named Jonathan Brightman (J.B.) joined the group. While practicing at a popular Los Angeles rehearsal space, J.B. heard the music of Todd and Nelson coming through the walls and inquired about their work. They picked up thumper Devon Glenn and were on their way. Originally the quartet dubbed itself Sparrow, but got into some legal battles with the Christian label Sparrow Records. Playing around with names, they came up with Buckcherry—a take on Chuck Berry. At the time, Nelson was reading a book about the legendary rocker. Todd, the group’s frontman and primary lyricist, grew up in Anaheim, California, and spent much of his youth

riding the Pacific surf. His father committed suicide when Todd was ten. Speaking to Ben Wener of the Orange County Register, Todd said he became aggressive and angry after his father’s death, and by the time Todd was a teenager, he favored the punk scene. His mother pulled him from public school and shipped him off to a parochial school because of his behavior. “By that point I was [screwing] up so much they put me in a Lutheran school. From 13 to 23, you know … that was when I was going at it really hard, as far as drugs and alcohol and getting into punk and rock. Those were my formative years.” Many of the band’s songs reflect Todd’s partying from those days. Lit Up Charts, then Split Up By the late 1990s, Buckcherry had gained a small following in the Los Angeles area, becoming known for its feverish brand of sleazy, old-school rock. Buckcherry boosted its fan base through its electrifying live show, and had a solid following when it released its debut album, Buckcherry, in 1999. The 12-track album, filled with classic rock and infused with bits of punk, sold more than 750,000 copies and was certified gold. At the time, the music industry was heavily promoting teen pop and rap-rock acts. Buckcherry entered the scene and filled the gap, proving there were still plenty of fans yearning for old-fashioned glam rock. The most popular track on the album was the fistpumping, riff-laden “Lit Up,” a song about cocaine. Speaking to the Orange County Register, Todd said the song was about his first experience with cocaine, but that he did not live a drug-infused lifestyle. “We’re not promoting cocaine, you know? It’s just a fun song.” The album was filled with plenty of other party-till-you-puke songs, including the singles “Check Your Head,” “For the Movies,” and the fast-paced rocker “Dead Again.” After the album was released, Buckcherry toured heavily and added guitarist Yogi Lonich to the mix. In 2001 Buckcherry released Time Bomb, but the album failed to take off. J.B., Glenn, and Lonich quit, leaving Todd and Nelson on their own again. Still interested in making the band work, they auditioned several potential replacements but failed to find the right chemistry. Before parting ways, Todd and Nelson toured with former Guns N’ Roses members Slash, Duff McKagan, and Matt Sorum. Recalling the breakup in an interview with Billboard’s Graff, Nelson put it this way: “It started to limp and then it started to hobble, then it came to a stop.” Nelson turned to production and Todd tried to make it on his own, releasing a ho-hum solo album, You Made Me, in 2004. The album, edgier than his work with Buckcherry, proved to be a real disappointment, moving only 14,000 copies.

Buckcherry • 33

Hit Top Ten With Reunion Album Todd and Nelson rekindled their friendship and in early 2005 decided to write more songs together. In time, they invited three acquaintances—guitarist Stevie D., bassist Jimmy Ashhurst, and drummer Xavier Muriel—to join them. Speaking to Graff, Todd recalled their unceremonious second beginning. “We just said, ‘If you guys want to be in this band, just show up here on this day and bring studio rent.’ They all showed up with their studio rent and we just started working five days a week.” They found a manager, Allen Kovac, of Tenth Street Entertainment. Kovac worked to find a recording deal for the newly revived group but was turned down by every major label. Finally, Buckcherry received an advance from Universal Japan, which helped the group complete the album. Their efforts resulted in 2006’s 15, released on Kovac’s imprint, Eleven Seven. The title reflected the number of days spent in the recording studio. 15 exceeded industry expectations, spending more than 100 weeks on the Billboard 200, though the album never rose higher than number 39. With its staying power, 15 went platinum, selling more than one million copies. After the album’s release, Buckcherry toured in Japan while Kovac’s management team promoted 15 on Web outlets such as MySpace and YouTube. Support for 15 spread through the Internet. Sales took off, prompting Atlantic to get involved with the album’s promotion— Atlantic upstreamed 15 and began encouraging radio stations to play the songs. The album spawned several singles, including “Crazy B—,” “Next 2 You,” and the ballad “Sorry,” which became the group’s first Top Ten hit, reaching number nine on the Billboard Hot 100. Nelson never imaged the album would do so well. “Wow, just seeing it in the shrink wrap when we were done with it and it was mixed and we actually had a bar code on the back, that was really exciting,” he told Florida Entertainment Scene. “It’s an achievement for us especially coming back from not even having a band at all.” Enjoyed Crazy Comeback The album’s signature track was “Crazy B—,” a rifffilled, bump-and-grind rant, which garnered a Grammy nomination for best hard rock performance. Buckcherry never envisioned the song becoming a hit. Initially, “Crazy B—” was released online, but found steady rotation on XM radio’s hard-rock channel Boneyard, forcing the band to release a less explicit version. Todd discussed the song with Valerie Nerres of All Access Magazine, noting that he took a risk with the song. “When I write lyrics I don’t think about the results. I just write what I’m passionate about and don’t hold anything back. We never really thought that [‘Crazy B—’] was going to be a single; the fans really dictated that.

34 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

It took off on its own on satellite radio so we cleaned it up and let it run on free radio.” The song went on to reach number three on Billboard’s Mainstream Rock singles chart. 15 proved to be a favorite among hard-rocking fans, yet many critics found little innovation on the tracks. In a review for the Washington Times, critic Julia Neyman called 15 an “unapologetic ode to sex, drugs and rock ’n’ roll.” Neyman said the tracks followed the band’s signature formula of hard riffs, liberal use of distortion, and grandiose lyrics—and absent once again was the power ballad. “Nevertheless,” Neyman wrote, “Buckcherry succeeds because unlike the sensitive types of the world, these guys have the guts to sing about what they really believe in—chicks and booze—no matter how distasteful the presentation may be to some.” Flying high on the success of 15, Buckcherry released Black Butterfly in 2008. The first single was “Too Drunk.” Another ode to the party scene, it fared well on alternative radio. Like every other Buckcherry album, there were plenty of fast-paced, fist-pumping tracks, such as “Rescue Me,” which was featured on the video game Rock Band. During the summer of 2008, Buckcherry toured with Mötley Crüe part of Cruëfest. Buckcherry’s ambition, however, was to sell out arenas on its own as a headlining act. The group planned to stay on tour to see if they could make that happen. “We’re a live band, made to be on the road,” Nelson told the Mobile Register’s Lawrence Specker. “When I was a kid and went to rock shows, I just wanted to just kinda forget about my life for a couple of hours and just be in the moment and enjoy the band that was playing. And that’s exactly what we’re trying to provide.”

Selected discography Buckcherry, DreamWorks, 1999. Time Bomb, DreamWorks, 2001. 15, Eleven Seven, 2006. Black Butterfly, Eleven Seven, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 25, 2006; April 19, 2008. Boston Globe, November 26, 1999, p. D19. Mobile Register (Alabama), October 2, 2008, p. D1. Orange County Register (California), May 21, 1999, p. F47. Washington Times, April 11, 2006, p. B5.

Online “Buckcherry,” Vox magazine, http://www.voxonline.com/alter native/buckcherry/buckcherrybio.htm (October 27, 2008). “Buckcherry Biography,” Buckcherry Official Web site, http:// www.buckcherry.com/bio (October 27, 2008).

“Josh Todd of Buckcherry,” All Access Magazine, http://www. allaccessmagazine.com/vol5/issue01/buckcherry.html (October 27, 2008). “Musician Interview With Keith Nelson of Buckcherry,” Florida Entertainment Scene, http://www.floridaentertainment scene.com/music/artists/buckcherry/interview/index.htm (October 27, 2008). —Lisa Frick

Buckcherry • 35

T

Calle 13 Vocal group

he Puerto Rican duo Calle 13 emerged in 2005 with a distinctive take on the island’s reggaeton genre, crossing stylistic borders and winning acclaim as one of the most original acts in Latin American music. The duo’s members, half-brothers who called themselves Residente and Visitante, retained the raunchy orientation of reggaeton, as well as some of its rhythms. But they added musical influences from around the Western Hemisphere and the world, they used live instruments in their music along with DJ-generated rhythm tracks, and their raps were lyrically complex and often focused on social themes. Sometimes Calle 13’s music was billed as Latin Alternative, but Visitante told Laura Rivera of the Newark, New Jersey, Star-Ledger that “I don’t really like to categorize things. I’ve noticed that almost all Latin bands seek out rhythmic fusions, and that’s true for all the projects I’ve ever done, only now I’m blending reggaeton’s electronic beat with live instruments.” Calle 13 (the name means “13th Street”) consists of René Pérez (Residente), the duo’s rapper and vocalist, and Eduardo Cabra (Visitante), the arranger and producer. Both were natives of San Juan, Puerto Rico; Residente came from the Hato Rey neighborhood and Visitante from Santurce. They met when they were only

MARIO ANZUONI/Reuters/Landov

36 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

it’s been accepted by everyone.” Residente felt that “it could convey a complicated message in a way people would understand.”

embers include: Residente (René Pérez), vocal-

ist, rapper, songwriter; Visitante (Eduardo

Cabra), producer and arranger. Formed in San Juan, PR, 2004; signed to White Lion label; released Calle 13, 2005; released Residente o Visitante, 2007; released Los de Atrás Vienen Conmigo, 2008. Awards: Grammy Award, Best Latin Urban Album, for Residente o Visitante, 2007; five Latin Grammy Awards. Addresses: Record company—Sony/BMG Music, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022. Web site—Calle 13 Official Website: http://www.lacalle13.com.

two years old, when Residente’s mother married Visitante’s father. Their stage names, although they carried overtones (they mean “resident” and “visitor”) of immigration status designations, were childhood nicknames dating back to their visits after their parents divorced—Cabra would visit Pérez’s house, which was located on Calle 13. Residente lived in a gated community called El Conquistador that was near a housing project. “That dynamic of those two worlds, poor and middle class, is what makes my lyrics rich,” he told Rivera. He attended art school in Puerto Rico and then moved on to the Savannah College of Art and Design in Georgia, where he earned a master’s degree. “Georgia and Savannah are pretty but a little bit boring. The painters are still painting hills, rivers and birds,” he told Cary Darling of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Visitante was a formally trained musician who played in a series of Afro-Latin bands in Puerto Rico. The pair began working together musically in 2004, initially as a kind of experiment whose results they hoped to distribute via a Web site. The musical sensation of the moment in Puerto Rico was reggaeton, a mixture of mainland American hip-hop, reggae, and Latin rhythms that shared an emphasis on sex and violence with their hip-hop sources. The duo had an ambivalent attitude toward the genre. “I liked certain things about reggaeton, like that it was from Puerto Rico,” Residente told Jordan Levin of Florida’s Miami Herald. “But I didn’t like the lyrics. Some are OK, but a lot of them are empty. But one aspect that I like is that it’s the poetry of the street, that it’s not perfect, and still

Residente and Visitante realized that they had a gift for catchy reggaeton compositions, and they soon expanded their ambitions beyond personal Web site distribution. They sent some demo recordings to the White Lion label, which had signed the most socially oriented artist in reggaeton up to that time, Tego Calderón. According to Rivera, label owner Elias León called Residente back at 2 a.m. the same night: “I said to him, ‘Where did you come from?’ Having worked with someone like Tego, I knew this was something that could give credibility to the genre. Everything is the same, it’s all ‘Ay Mami Mami.’ The genre needs to evolve.” Residente and a cousin spent $14,000 shooting a video for the duo’s high-powered but satirical leadoff single, “Se Vale To-To” (Anything Goes), and the duo’s debut album, Calle 13, was released at the end of 2005. Sales were strong but mostly confined to the Puerto Rican market until the release of another single, “Atrevete-te-te” (roughly translatable as “Get Wild-d-d”) the following summer, which had a major impact on playlists of mainland Latin American music radio. Calle 13’s videos did well in Internet distribution, and the album peaked in the fall of 2006—perfect timing for the Latin Grammy Awards, which bestowed honors for Best New Artist, Best Short-Form Video, and Best Urban Album on the new duo. That development did not sit well with a group of established reggaeton stars, including Calderón, Don Omar, Wisin y Yandel, and Ivy Queen, who walked out of the ceremony en masse. By that time, though, Calle 13 was already looking beyond reggaeton and beginning to collaborate with artists from a wide variety of genres. Residente joined multilingual Canadian vocalist Nelly Furtado on a new version of her song “No Hay Igual” (There’s No Equal), and the duo appeared on bills with rapper Ludacris and veteran Mexican rockers Maná. Indeed, Calle 13 had plenty of detractors among conservative Puerto Ricans. Residente’s Latin Grammy acceptance speech (“I’m so happy, I have to pee,” he said, as quoted by Margarita Diaz of the New York Daily News) seemed to some to lack appropriate respect for the occasion, and Diaz observed that the opening track on their second album, Residente o Visitante, contained “some of the dirtiest lyrics ever heard on a Spanish-language record,” despite the presence on the track of classically trained vocalists. Their creativity steamrollered most objections, however. Residente o Visitante, which appeared in April of 2007, featured a dazzling mix of Latin American styles, many of which the duo had absorbed while touring Latin countries in support of their debut. “Every

Calle 13 • 37

time we went somewhere I would try to bring with me a musical instrument or buy a CD,” Visitante told Diaz. Residente o Visitante was both a critical and a popular success. Jon Pareles of the New York Times noted that Calle 13 “started in reggaeton but has grown exponentially more adventurous while staying raunchy. Residente o Visitante dips into tango, cumbia and bossa nova, and even listeners who don’t understand Spanish lyrics should detect Calle 13’s humor and the ambition behind it.” The album topped Billboard’s Latin Albums chart and took home a mainstream Grammy for Best Latin Urban Album. At the 2007 Latin Grammy awards, Calle 13 once again won Best Urban Album and also snared a Best Urban Song nod for “Pal Norte” (To the North). Residente’s romantic life became the subject of fan speculation, and one song on the album, “Tango del Pecado” (Sin Tango), was a response to publicity the vocalist received after dating the Puerto Rican–born former Miss Universe, Denise Quiñones. “Pal Norte” featured an innovative collaboration with the Cuban hip-hop group the Orishas, and Calle 13 continued to seek out strong collaborators on their third album, Los de Atráas Vienen Conmigo (Those in the Back Come with Me). The album, released in October of 2008, featured veteran Panamanian songwriter Rubén Blades and the Mexican rock group Café Tacuba. The album’s socially conscious lyrics once again won praise, and Calle 13’s live concerts had grown into major attractions featuring a large complement of musicians, including a trombone, trumpet, guitar, bass, various keyboards and samplers, an Argentine bandoneón, a battery of percussion, and, on occasion, Visitante’s younger sister Ileana, dubbed PG-13. With Calle 13’s career still on the upswing, a move into the mainstream U.S. market seemed a possibility. Residente had already expressed a desire

38 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

to move to New York and try to write some of his virtuoso lyrics in English.

Selected discography Calle 13, White Lion, 2005 Residente o Visitante, White Lion, 2007. Los de Atrás Vienen Conmigo, White Lion, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Fort Worth Star-Telegram, June 11, 2007. Houston Chronicle, April 29, 2007, p. 5. Miami Herald, February 17, 2006; June 29, 2007; July 1, 2007. New York Post, November 8, 2006, p. 54. New York Times, November 9, 2007, p. A21; October 20, 2008, p. C1. Star Ledger (Newark, NJ), July 28, 2006, p. 22.

Online “Calle 13,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (December 1, 2008). “Calle 13 Comes Out Blasting in Fiery New CD,” New York Daily News, http://www.nydailynews.com/latino/2007/04/ 11/2007-04-11down_n_dirty_south_america_way.html (December 1, 2008). “Calle 13 Plays La Covacha,” Miami New Times, http://www. miaminewtimes.com/2008-11-20/music/calle-13-plays-lacovacha (December 1, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Formed Friendship with Bill Black

Ace Cannon Instrumentalist, bandleader

A

ce Cannon is one of the premier saxophonists of his generation. Whether honking out rock and roll at Sun Records, playing jukebox instrumentals with the Bill Black Combo, or soloing through sensual ballads, he has executed his sound with feeling and skill. A self-taught musician, the Mississippi-born saxman can embrace the comic ragtime of Boots Randolph or the romantic mood of Syl Johnson without missing a chord change. Born Hubert John Cannon on May 5, 1934, in Grenada, Mississippi, his love of music came from his father, who played fiddle and guitar. His family moved to Memphis when he was a child. Fond of humming through a comb with paper behind it, which made a noise like a kazoo, the youngster would often sing or play at local grocery stores and earn a “cold drink.” At the age of ten, after schoolmate/local sax phenom Martin Willis piqued his interest in the saxophone, Cannon’s father decided it was time to buy his son a real instrument. The only one available was a baritone sax. Cannon recalled, “It was about twice as tall as I was and so heavy that I couldn’t play it. I found out that they made ‘em in different sizes and I told him what I wanted to play. I remember him going to a music store uptown in Memphis and buying one. I couldn’t wait to get home to play it. I took it out in the back seat of the car on the way home and started playing ‘Beer Barrel Polka.’” A quick study, young Cannon began playing in the school band with much older students when he was in fifth grade. He also played in beer joints and nightclubs, usually with his father’s group, as well as for family functions or events at the high school.

At the time, Cannon was playing a lot of country music and singing Hank Thompson songs with such local groups as Clyde Leppard and the Snearly Ranch Boys and Buck “Stuffy” Turner and his Buckeroos. However, his true musical interest was jazz, with Earl Bostic proving a particular favorite. During his formative years he learned to read music and played in the Hollywood Junior High School and Tech High School Bands. After graduation, he planned to major in music at Memphis State University, but he recalled, “I didn’t last but a semester and a half because I quit, got married, and got a day job.” Cannon worked his way up from file clerk to personnel manager for Layne Irrigation Pumps, while also playing with local bands. In between his day job and nightclub stints, Cannon occasionally played saxophone behind such Sun Records artists as Jerry Lee Lewis, Billy Lee Riley, Warren Smith, Brad Suggs, and many others. But it was his friendship with former Elvis Presley sideman Bill Black that would kick Cannon’s career into high gear. The Bill Black Combo, buoyed by such million-selling instrumental hits as “Smokie Part 2” and “White Silver Sands,” needed someone to fill in and eventually take the place of saxman Martin Willis, who didn’t want to tour. Black chose his friend, neighbor, and drinking buddy Cannon to fill in on road dates at first, but by 1961 he had become a regular member of the recording ensemble. Willis continued on and off with the Combo until early 1965, but today most people remember the gregarious Cannon as the band’s saxophonist. “Tuff” Became Breakthrough Hit Although Bill Black is revered by rockabilly revivalists for his work with Elvis Presley, his Combo’s recordings were mostly dismissed as corny and gimmick-leaden novelties. The initial sound was based around Reggie Young’s ability to thwack his guitar strings with a no. 2 lead pencil. Later, pianist Bobby Emmons played a Chord-a-Vox device which provided the records with a roller-rink organ sound. “We were just trying all kinds of different gimmicks,” Cannon recalled. Cannon’s sax work elevated the group’s energy, and he proved quite a popular stage presence. However, his penchant for hard drinking got out of control quickly, causing him to blow off gigs and upset promoters. “I just started too early with it,” he admitted. “Getting out there in the music business and playing places where I wasn’t even supposed to be.” Cannon, who didn’t completely quit drinking until he nearly lost one of his feet in a 1995 auto accident, was quickly replaced with Charles Chalmers. Although he was forced to fire Cannon, the ever-loyal Black still liked his hard-drinking sax player enough to

Cannon • 39

For the Record . . .

B

orn Hubert John Cannon on May 5, 1934, in

Grenada, MS.

Saxophonist and bandleader, 1950–; began career as a session man behind Billy Lee Riley, Brad Suggs, Warren Smith, Jerry Lee Lewis, and others at Sun Records and Fernwood Records, late 1950s; joined Bill Blacks Combo, 1959; recorded for Hi Records as a solo act, 1961-74; recorded for London, Gusto, Wirl, and several smaller labels,1975-95; worked as a session man in Nashville, 1975-95; nominated for a Grammy for his 1975 instrumental version of “Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain,” 1975; toured via cruise ships and recorded for his own RMD label, 2000–. Awards: Inducted into Memphis Music Hall of Fame and the Smithsonian Rock and Soul Hall of Fame, 2000, and to International Rockabilly Hall of Fame, 2001; pre-

the Delmore Brothers’ “Blues Stay Away From Me,” Santos Records leased an early track Cannon had cut at the Fernwood studios, “Sugar Blues,” which scraped onto the bottom of the Billboard Hot 100. However, Cannon, like his former boss Bill Black, discovered that his market was increasingly becoming album oriented. Signed to a long term contract with Hi, the saxophonist recorded prolifically for the label until 1974, tackling many different genres. Recording next for London Records, Cannon’s sound began to steadily embrace country music, and from the mid-1970s through the mid-1980s, he played on numerous session dates in Nashville. As a solo artist, his 1975 instrumental version of Willie Nelson’s hit “Blue Eyes Cryin’ in the Rain” earned a Grammy nomination. Yet despite appearing on such country music-oriented programs as The Wilburn Brothers Show and The Porter Wagoner Show, Cannon never really clicked in that genre. Still a popular artist, he cut mood music albums for labels like Gusto, Wirl, and Tee Vee, who advertised them on late night television. Overnight, Cannon’s career was revived, and after that time he was able to make a solid living alternating between playing romantic ballads and rock and roll revival gigs.

sented with a legislative award honoring his six decades in music by Representative Steve McDaniel, early

Earned Grammy Nomination

2000s; inducted into Mississippi Musicians’ Hall of

Cannon relocated several times, but occasionally revisited his Memphis roots. At the request of producer Chips Moman, Cannon’s engineer at Hi, he played on the 1987 Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Roy Orbison, and Carl Perkins album Class of ‘55. “That was one of the most fun albums that I’ve ever cut just because I was in the studio with all those particular stars,” Cannons recalled. “And that finale [”Big Train“] just kept on going, kept on going, we didn’t want to quit.”

Fame, 2008. Addresses: Record company—RMD Music , Inc., Carl Griffin, P.O. Box 565, Greenville, MS 38701, phone: 1-800-891-0627,

601-335-2962,

e-mail:

ace@

acecannon.com. Web site—Ace Cannon Official Web site: http://www.acecannon.com.

provide him with a golden opportunity—a chance to record his breakthrough hit, “Tuff.” “What we did was take the old song ‘Columbus Stockade Blues,’ an old country thing that Jimmie Davis wrote a long time ago,” explained Cannon. “Me and [drummer] Johnny Bernero went in there and changed the format, slowed it down and made a blues out of it called ‘Cattywampus’ at first.” Initially, Cannon and Bernero took the tune to Bill Justis at Sun, who was looking for a follow-up to his hit “Raunchy.” “Tuff,” recalled Cannon, “was what they called a sleeper. It slept for about six months before it ever really done anything.” Distributed by Hi, “Tuff” went on to hit number 17 on the national pop charts and number three on the R&B charts. A smart, more aggressive adjunct to the Bill Black Combo sound, it put Cannon’s career into high gear with jukebox operators all across the country. After he scored another top 40 hit with his version of

40 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Class of ‘55 led to a 1996 tour with Carl Perkins, who was recovering from cancer at the time, and the tour stops included Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. Another notable reunion came when he played in a reconstituted version of the Bill Black Combo as part of former Elvis Presley sidemen Scotty Moore and D.J. Fontana’s 1997 album All the King’s Men. Hitting their old groove, Cannon and the band garnered a Grammy nomination for their take on “Goin’ Back to Memphis.” Once a true road warrior who played 250 shows a year, Cannon eventually cut back to 50 dates a year, many of them on cruise ships. Still cutting new music when he can, Cannon has recorded for his own private label, selling the tapes and discs at shows, and has formed RMD Music with his friend and attorney, Carl Griffith. He is amazed at how far his fan base has spread. “I’ve cut two albums for West Indies Records down in Barbados and Trinidad,” he explained. “I’ve been over there at least 25 times. I’m very popular in the Caribbean and it’s all because of the smoochin’, hold close and sexy sound I get.”

Now living in Calhoun City, Mississippi, just 30 miles away from where he was born, Cannon still loves the being part of the music business. “That’s the way I had it planned,” he stated proudly. “I hope that’s where I am when I fall after I hit the last note on one of these bandstands. I have no desire to quit.”

Selected discography Solo Looking Back, Hi, 1962. Tuff, Hi, 1962. Moanin’ Sax, Hi, 1963. Aces High, Hi, 1964. Christmas Cheer, Hi, 1964. Plays the Great Show Tunes, Hi, 1964. Ace Cannon Live, Hi, 1965. Sweet & Tuff, Hi, 1966. Misty Sax, Hi, 1967. In the Spotlight, Hi, 1969. Incomparable Sax, Hi, 1969. Ace of Sax, Hi, 1970. Happy & Mellow, Hi, 1970. Cool & Saxy, Hi, 1971. Blowing Wind, Hi, 1972. Cannon Country, Hi, 1972. Baby Don’t Get Hooked On Me, Hi, 1973. That Music City Feeling, Hi, 1974. Country Comfort, London, 1975. Super Sax Country Style, London, 1975. Sax Man, London, 1978. Holiday With Ace, Gusto, 1983. Help Me Make It Through the Night, Project 3, 1987. Sweet Dreams, SOH, 1993. Music For Lovers, Wirl, 1994.

Ace Cannon Plays Gold Favorites, Power Pak, 1996. Unsafe Sax, King, 1996. Misty Sax/Memphis Golden Hits, Hi, 1996. Hank Williams Songbook, K-Tel, 1996. The Best of Ace Cannon, Curb, 1996. The Hi Masters, Hi, 1998. Very Best of Ace Cannon, London, 1998. The Best of Ace Cannon: The Hi Records Years, Hi, 2001. Favourites, Pegasus, 2006. Ace Cannon, Tee Vee, 2008.

With others (With Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins) Class of ‘55—Memphis Homecoming, Mercury/ American, 1986. (With Scotty Moore and D.J. Fontana) All the King’s Men, Sweetfish, 1997.

Sources Online “Ace Cannon,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (December 11, 2008). Ace Cannon Official Web site, http://www.acecannon.com/ bio.html (December 11, 2008). “Ace to be Inducted Into Hall of Fame,” Calhoun County Journal, http://www.calhouncountyjournal/index/php?view =article&catid1%3Alatest-news&ID=681%3ace&tmpl= component&print=1&page=&option=com_content (December 11, 2008). Additional information was obtained in an interview with Ace Cannon, from which quotations in this entry were drawn. —Ken Burke

Cannon • 41

T

exan Hayes Carll followed a long line of countryoriented singer-songwriters from the Lone Star State, with a distinctive style that encompassed both perceptive storytelling and a rowdy sense of humor. Carll paid his dues with several years of appeareances playing country covers in tough Texas beachfront bars, gaining experience as a performer and absorbing stories that became the basis for new material. He broke through to a new level of national visibility with his satirical 2008 song “She Left Me for Jesus,” from his third album, Trouble in Mind.

Hayes Carll

Hayes Carll was born in 1976 in The Woodlands, Texas, and was raised in that upscale Houston suburb. His parents, Lloyd and Connie Carll, were both lawyers. “I was pretty sheltered,” Carll recalled to Michael Corcoran of the Austin American-Statesman. “I would read something like [the Jack Kerouac novel] On the Road and think, ‘My life is the complete opposite of that.’” When he was 15 he heard a folk group play some Bob Dylan songs at the Unitarian church the family attended. That, Carll told Jennifer Chancellor of the Tulsa World, was “the first time I knew that music went beyond two-stepping.” Another influence was Lyle Lovett, who had once worked at a Pizza Hut restaurant; Carll emulated him by taking a job with the same chain. He kept on writing music as a history and theater major at Hendrix College in Conway, Arkansas, where he graduated last in his class—248th out of 248 students. “I sort of sabotaged my career options to the point where, by the time I was out of school, I was pretty much unemployable and had no choice but to be a musician,” he recalled in his Web site biography.

Singer, songwriter

Jo Hale/Getty Images

To make ends meet, Carll took odd jobs as a vacuum cleaner salesman and as a waiter. He took up residence on Texas’s Bolivar Peninsula, near Galveston, after a stint as a U.S. Census Bureau worker there, counting the area’s homeless residents. For several years he performed in bars in the town of Crystal Beach, often landing gigs by telling bar managers he would play for free and that they could pay him for subsequent nights if they liked his show. The colorful figures Carll met in these bars provided grist for his growing body of songs, and he cut a demo recording with the proceeds from his census job. Carll took a few detours along the way, spending six months in Croatia and trying to break into the competitive Austin, Texas, music scene. That effort ended with Carll working at a Red Lobster restaurant and then returning to the Bolivar Peninsula.

42 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

He moved up a step from the bars when he performed during an open mic night at the Old Quarter acoustic music club in Galveston and impressed its owner, Rex Bell. That led to opener slots for leading Texas songwriters who came through Galveston, including Ray Wylie Hubbard. “His songs had depth and weight to them,” Hubbard recalled to Eileen McClelland of the Houston Chronicle. “They were well-written, wellcrafted and the last verse was as strong as the first

For the Record . . .

B

orn 1976 in The Woodlands, TX; son of Lloyd and

Connie Carll (both lawyers); married, wife’s name

Jenna; children: Elijah. Education: Hendrix College, Conway, AR, graduated with history major and theater minor. Performed in bars in Galveston, TX, area, early 2000s; signed to Compadre label; released Flowers and Liquor, 2002; released Little Rock on own Highway 87 label, 2005; signed to Lost Highway label, 2006; released Trouble in Mind, 2008. Awards: Americana Music Association, Song of the Year, for “She Left Me for Jesus,” 2008. Addresses: Record company—Lost Highway Records, 54 Music Square E., Ste. 300, Nashville, TN 37203. Web site—Hayes Carll Official Web site: http://www. hayescarll.com.

verse. Young writers sometimes miss that and just try to finish up the song in a hurry.” Hubbard became something of a mentor to Carll, and his career progressed further when he opened for the San Antonio roots act Sisters Morales at Houston’s Mucky Duck club. One of the sisters, Lisa Morales, became the producer for Carll’s debut album, Flowers and Liquor, which appeared on the small Texas label Compadre in 2002. Sales for the album were small, but it did its job by attracting the attention of music writers and garnering several favorable reviews. The local Houston Press alternative weekly newspaper gave Carll awards for songwriter of the year, best folk album, and song of the year (for “Highway 87”) in 2003. Carll began opening for such major Texas-based songwriters as Billy Joe Shaver and future gubernatorial candidate Kinky Friedman, and his own touring schedule took him around the southeast. He fielded an album deal offer from the Nashville country independent label Sugar Hill, but decided to release his second album, Little Rock, on his own Highway 87 label. The album appeared in 2005. Carll had new commitments in the Houston area: he was newly married to his wife, Jenna, a teacher, and the couple had a son, Elijah. In any case, staying on home ground didn’t crimp the new album’s reach; it drew listeners in the British Isles and won a rave review

from the Irish Times. Carll’s mentor Hubbard joined in for a bluesy but whimsical song called “Chickens,” and the album in general, in comparison to Flowers and Liquor, had a harder-rocking edge, honed by roots-rock producer R.S. Field. Carll had much greater success in his second try at breaking into the Austin nightclub scene, and he took up part-time residence in that city. In 2006 Carll was signed to Lost Highway, an important Nashville-based country label that boasted the likes of Willie Nelson and Lucinda Williams on its roster. He spent much of 2006 and 2007 touring and putting together his third album and Lost Highway debut, Trouble in Mind. The album once again drew good reviews. Andrew Dansby of the Houston Chronicle called it “a strong record, smartly sequenced with a light and dark dynamic between honky-tonk rockers and contemplative narratives.” But the biggest benefit to Carll’s ascending career was that the album contained a song that got everybody talking: “She Left Me for Jesus.” The song featured a protagonist whose girlfriend leaves him in favor of a deeper involvement with the worship of Jesus Christ. “She says that he’s perfect,” laments the narrator. “How could I compare?” Finally the dumped lover becomes combative: “She says if I find him, I’ll know peace at last. / But if I ever find Jesus, I’m kickin’ his ass.” The song could have been taken as sacreligious, but according to Carll it was nothing more or less than a true story. “I wrote it with Brian Keane, who told me about a girl he dated who said, ‘Are you prepared to handle my relationship with Jesus Christ?’ We took that idea and thought, what if the guy was some dimwit who didn’t know who Jesus was? What would any good redneck do in that situation? He’d try and find Jesus and beat (him up),” Carll explained to Daniel Durchholz of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Carll took home the Americana Music Association Song of the Year award for “She Left Me for Jesus” in 2008, also garnering an Album of the Year nomination for Trouble in Mind. Carll went on the road that summer on a tour sponsored by the humor magazine The Onion, the first time the magazine had become involved with a touring act. Carll also started a music festival of his own, the Stingaree Music Festival, held on highway 87 in Carll’s beloved Crystal Beach, and featuring songwriters Hubbard, Terry Allen, and Eliza Gilkyson as guests in 2008. With his dry wit and his sharp takes on the Texas honky-tonk song tradition, Hayes Carll seemed to have finally arrived.

Selected discography Flowers and Liquor, Compadre, 2002. Little Rock, Highway 87, 2005. Trouble in Mind, Lost Highway, 2008.

Carll • 43

Sources

Online

Periodicals

“Bio,” Hayes Carll Official Web site, http://www.hayescarll. com (November 25, 2008). “Hayes Carll,” Country Music Television, http://www.cmt.com/ artists/az/carll_hayes/bio.jhtml(November 25, 2008). “Hayes Carll,” Lost Highway Records, http://www.losthigh way.com (November 25, 2008).

Entertainment Weekly, April 18, 2008, p. 64. Houston Chronicle, January 30, 2003, p. 2; May 25, 2006, p. 12; June 22, 2006, p. 10; April 6, 2008, p. 13. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 31, 2008, p. 4. Texas Monthly, October 2008, p. 62. Tulsa World, November 8, 2008.

44 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

—James M. Manheim

Dorival Caymmi Composer, singer

B

razilian composer and vocalist Dorival Caymmi captured the scenes and spirit of Brazil’s Bahia state in his music. Although his musical output was not large, it influenced an entire generation of younger singers who created the bossa nova genre in the 1960s. With his subtle, poetic songs about the women, the fishermen, and the beaches of Brazil’s northeast, Caymmi did much to create an image of Brazil that was shared by foreigners and Brazilians alike. Almost universally known among his countrymen as one of the greatest songwriters in the samba genre, he also affected the development of American music when he helped launch the career of singer Carmen Miranda. Dorival Caymmi (pronounced kah-EE-mee) was born on April 30, 1914, in Salvador, Brazil, Bahia’s capital city. His father, of Italian background, was a government worker. Both his parents were musical; his father played the guitar, mandolin, and piano, and his mother, who was Afro-Brazilian, sang under the name of Dona Sinha. Caymmi also soaked up Bahia’s rich musical folklife. Brazil abolished its slave trade in 1850 and slavery itself in 1888, but the region, on the Atlantic coast facing the African continent, has remained strongly marked by African cultures. Afro-Brazilian dance rhythms such as the samba had roots in the Brazilian northeastern region, or nordeste. And Bahia’s coastal location stimulated a large repertoire of fishermen’s songs and songs of the sea. All these left their marks on Caymmi’s music. Caymmi worked at various jobs as a young man, eventually taking up journalism and joining the staff of

Bahia’s O Imparcial newspaper as a reporter. But he had been writing songs since he was a teenager. In fact, the song that brought Caymmi his highest level of international fame was written when he was just 16: “O Que É Que a Baiana Tem?” (What Is It About Bahian Women?) later became the hit song that put Carmen Miranda on the musical map. In 1936 he won a songwriting contest held in conjunction with Salvador’s enormous Carnival (Mardi Gras) celebration. In April of 1938 he moved to Rio de Janeiro, ostensibly planning to study law and continue working as a journalist. But his head was full of the urgings of friends who thought he should try to make it in the musical world. He never returned to Bahia, but musically he never left. For a while, Caymmi tried to have it both ways. He worked for a Rio newspaper while writing songs on the side, and he found plenty of musical exposure as a singer and guitarist on the rapidly growing medium of radio. His musical breakthrough came when “O Que É Que a Baiana Tem?” was chosen as the theme song for a movie called Banana-da-Terra, with Miranda as the star. Caymmi sang harmonies behind Miranda on the recording that was made for the soundtrack, and he coached the Portuguese-born star in the Bahian arm and hand movements for which she later became famous (along with her fruit-bedecked hats). The song also gained popularity in the United States, and it later became something of an unofficial Bahian regional anthem. Caymmi himself became popular thanks to appearances on Brazil’s Radio Nacional, and it was in a radio studio that he spotted Adelaide Tostes, who performed under the name of Stella Maris, as she sang a hit by samba composer Noel Rosa. The two married in 1940 and had three children; Nana, Danilo, and Dori (Dorival Jr.). All became successful musicians themselves. The marriage lasted almost 70 years, until Caymmi’s death, despite episodes of womanizing on Caymmi’s part. “One night I went to look for him in a bar,” Stella Maris Caymmi recalled in a Brazilian newspaper story quoted by Adam Bernstein in the Washington Post. “He was surrounded by women. I went in and slammed a table, a glass broke. The bouncer came and I punched Caymmi’s face. Then I left cussing. I thought he was involved with drugs but it wasn’t the case. He was with the tramps. … He was a hard act to follow, but it was worth it.” The year 1941 brought one of the songs for which Caymmi remains best known, “O Samba da Minha Terra.” Continuing to write songs for Brazilian musical films, he scored another hit with “Acontece Que Eu Sou Baiano,” from the 1944 film Abacaxi azul. Both of those songs had a Bahian flavor, and Caymmi became identified with laid-back romantic songs representing the working-class people of his home region. Some of those songs, such as “Promessa de Pescador” and “Suite dos Pescadores,” depicted fishermen. As Latin culture blossomed in the United States after World War

Caymmi • 45

For the Record . . .

B

orn on April 30, 1914, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;

died on August 16, 2008, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;

married Adelaide Tostes, known as Stella Maris, 1940; children: Nana, Danilo, Dori. Began writing songs, c. 1930; worked as journalist in Rio de Janeiro, late 1930s; performed on Radio Nacional, Rio de Janeiro; song “O Que É Que a Baiana Tem?” used in Carmen Miranda film Banana-da-Terra, 1939; composed about 100 songs, many covered by Brazilian and other artists; recorded about 20 LP albums, including one at age 90.

II, Caymmi’s songs began to find a hearing there, and middle-of-the-road vocalists Andy Williams and Perry Como both recorded a Caymmi song called “Dos Rosas” in an English version titled “And Roses and Roses.” Caymmi was never a prolific songwriter. He recorded about 100 of his own songs, mostly identified as sambas, over a career lasting nearly 60 years, releasing about 20 albums after the LP era began. Yet his music was extraordinarily influential, and the leading figures of the Brazilian bossa nova movement that swept the world in the 1960s repeatedly cited Caymmi as an influence. He recorded albums, separately, with key bossa nova songwriters Vinícius de Moraes and Antonio Carlos Jobim. Songwriter and Brazilian superstar Caetano Veloso specifically described himself as a follower of Caymmi, and pointed to Caymmi’s song “Rosa Morena” as a direct ancestor of bossa nova. The sophistication of Caymmi’s songs, which were covered by a wide range of other artists, brought him into the highest cultural circles of Brazilian society, and he cultivated a long friendship with the satirically minded writer Jorge Amado. Caymmi’s own albums were imaginative and diverse. New York Times writer Ben Ratliff described a pair of albums simply titled Caymmi. The first, from 1965, was “a kind of space-age pop,” while the second, appearing in 1972, was “the most African music Mr. Caymmi ever made, with drums straight out of candomble ceremonies garlanding his guitar and voice.” Caymmi remained active and vital as a songwriter for many decades. Undergoing cancer treatments in his

46 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

later years, he lived to see his collected works issued in a seven-CD set, titled Caymmi Amor e Mar. Caymmi died in Rio de Janeiro on August 16, 2008, at the age of 94. His wife followed him in death ten days later. The state governments of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro proclaimed a three-day mourning period, after which Caymmi’s son Danilo announced plans for a 2009 musical about his life.

Selected discography Canções Praieiras, Odeon, 1954. Sambas, Odeon, 1955. Eu Vou pra Maracangalha, Odeon, 1957. Caymmi e o Mar, Odeon, 1957. (With Ary Barroso) Ari Caymmi—Dorival Barroso, Odeon, 1958. Caymmi e seu Violão, Odeon, 1959. Eu Nãao Tenho Onde Morar, Odeon, 1960. Caymmi Visita a Tom, Elenco, 1964. Caymmi, Odeon, 1965. Vinicius e Caymmi No Zum Zum, Elenco, 1967. Caymmi 1972, Odeon, 1972. Caymmi Também É de Rancho, Odeon, 1973. Setenta Anos, 1984. Caymmi, Som, Imagem, Magia, 1984. Millennium: Dorival Caymmi, Polygram International, 2000. Caymmi: Amor e Mar (collection), EMI, 2001 (collection). Mar e Terra (tribute album), Sony/BMG, 2004.

Sources Periodicals Guardian (London, England), November 24, 2008, p. 39. Independent (London, England), August 22, 2008, p. 42. New York Times, April 15, 2001, p. AR27; August 19, 2008, p. B6. Washington Post, August 18, 2008, p. B4.

Online “Dorival Caymmi,” All Brazilian Music, http://www.allbrazilianmusic.com/en/artists/Artists.asp?Status=ARTISTA&Nu_ Artista=186 (November 26, 2008). “Dorival Caymmi,” All Music Guide, http://allmusic.com (November 26, 2008). “Dorival Caymmi,” Slipcue.com Guide to Brazilian Music, http://www.slipcue.com/music/brazil/caymmi.html (November 26, 2008). Additional information was obtained from a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation broadcast transcript, “Brazilian bossa nova singer Dorival Caymmi dies at 94,⬙ (August 18, 2008). —James M. Manheim

T

Cute Is What We Aim For Rock group

he young members of pop band Cute Is What We Aim For are the quintessential example of how the Internet has changed the music industry. The Buffalo quartet used the World Wide Web, before they had a record deal or even a record, to reach thousands of new fans. Since 2005 the band has released two albums. They started recording together as teenagers, and have changed as they matured, creating obvious conflicts and differences that have often put the band on shaky ground. Band members have come and gone, but lead singer Shaant Hacikyan has always kept level, despite having to overcome his own problems. Hacikyan grew up in two different homes in two different cities. He spent time living with his father in East Amherst, Massachusetts, and his mother in Westfield, New York; he even spent time living in Virginia. During his early teens he developed an alcohol problem. He admitted to being clinically depressed and having struggles with alcohol, and was still battling those demons when he joined the ska band Cherry Bing. It was in that first band that Hacikyan would meet his future Cute band member, guitarist Jeff Czum. Hacikyan officially quit drinking in 2003, and had also quit Cherry

Andrew Zaeh Photography/Courtesy of Atlantic Records

Cute Is What We Aim For • 47

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Fred Cimato (2005-07), bass,

guitar; Jeff Czum, guitar, piano; Tom Fal-

cone, drums; Shaant Hacikyan, vocals; Jack Marin (2006-07), bass; Dave Melillo (joined 2007), bass. Group formed in Buffalo, N.Y., in 2005; signed to Fueled By Ramen, released debut, The Same Old Blood Rich with a New Touch, 2006; released sophomore album Rotation, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Fueled By Ramen, P.O. Box 1803, Tampa, FL 33601. Web site—Cute Official Web site: http://www.cuteiswhatweaimfor.com.

Bing by the time he graduated from Buffalo’s Williamsville High School in 2004. At rest with his personal problems, Hacikyan was ready to focus on making the kind of pop-punk music he liked, with the very same bands he would end up sharing a record label with. In January of 2005, he and Czum formed their own new band, which they called Cute is What We Aim For. The pair were joined by guitarist Fred Cimato and drummer Tom Falcone. The band’s name came from an inside joke Hacikyan had used while in high school, where his friends would use the word “cute” instead of “cool.” “I write about social situations constantly. So the name reflects how everyone in high school is struggling to be ‘cool’ or accepted,” Hacikyan told AbsolutePunk.com writer Tony Pascarella. “Everyone is trying to find their place in society, although looking back on it, the status you have in high school really means nothing in the grand scheme of things, but back when I was in school, it meant everything to me.” Hacikyan was a big fan of the emo-minded pop bands on independent label Fueled By Ramen, which was best known for Fall Out Boy and Panic at the Disco. Because the band was signed just out of high school, they were able to capitalize on the Internet phenomenon to increase their exposure and popularity. “If it weren’t for the Internet then none of this would have been possible,” the singer told Pascarella. “We are so lucky to have the online communities support what we do and spread our music. …We wouldn’t be anywhere near where we are in our career if it weren’t for the Internet.” With little money in their hands, Cute went into the recording studio with producer Matt Squire, who had

48 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

previously recorded Panic at the Disco. Because there wasn’t money or time to waste, the band quickly finished their debut album. “The record is about all the social pressures that come with being a teenager: the sexual pressure, the social pressure, the pressure to be cool or slag someone off,” Hacikyan told MTV.com, about their debut. “We tried to make a record that can appeal to everyone, something that’s fun for kids but also can appeal to an older audience. Because we’re kids, we love what we do, but we’re also maturing.” In June of 2006, Cute released The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch. To the surprise of many, including the band, the record sold 14,000 copies in its first week, and it would go on to sell more than 100,000 units. Fueled By Ramen immediately sent the band on tour to support the new album. In October, bassist Cimato left the band to attend college. Jack Marin, formerly of the Chicago band October Fall, joined Cute to finish out the tours. In June of 2007, Cute found themselves on the cover of Alternative Press, and they completed a subsequent tour for the magazine. This, just two years after Hacikyan graduated from high school. In the middle of one tour, Marin left the band, for personal reasons. Cimato, whom Marin had originally replaced, picked up the bass to help out his old bandmates finish their tour. Cute then hired new bassist Dave Melillo and began work on their sophomore record. Between The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch and the touring schedule, Cute endured a lot of growing pains. Those experiences, Hacikyan noted on the Fueled by Ramen Web site, fed his songwriting appetite. “We’re not seventeen anymore; there’s so much to be said about these past few years of being in a pressure cooker and learning what the real world is like.” Internally, though, the band struggled. There were more than a few moments when the band considered disbanding. “We were having brutal issues,” Hacikyan told Jessica Lewis of CHARTattack.com. “But I attribute that to just the formative years.” The band took a trip to Monterey Bay and things changed for the better. “We all had time to spend with each other,” Melillo told Lewis. “It was all good vibes. _ That was the day where I felt everything changed.” For their sophomore album, the band went into a California studio with Goldfinger’s John Feldmann, with only one finished song. The pressure to write and record turned into visceral lyrics and new sounds the band hadn’t touched before. They spent almost three months working on the project. “[Feldman] was harsh to begin with, but John gave us confidence to take chances,” Hacikyan told Alternative Press writer Andrew Kelham. “We wrote the best thing we could because of his influence, his pressure brought out the best in us and everyone involved ended up totally satisfied with the result.”

In the summer of 2008, Cute released Rotation to tepid reviews. Melillo told Kelham how and why the new record was vastly different than the first record, but was also a continuation. “The first record gives this new album context,” he said. “It explains where we came from. Even if Shaant’s lyrics are contradictory, it makes sense to hear them together because this album is all about change and finding out who you really are in the middle of all the bull—-, trial and error that was explored on the debut.” The band went on tour to support their summer release, but were stopped short again in September when original drummer Tom Falcone quit the band. Cute picked up the pieces, found a new player, and the band played on once more.

Selected discography The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch, Fueled By Ramen, 2006. Rotation, Fueled By Ramen, 2008.

Sources Online “Cute Is What We Aim For,” AbsolutePunk.com, http://www. absolutepunk.net/showthread.php?t=145183&highlight= cute+is+what+we+aim+for (October 10, 2008). “Cute Is What We Aim For,” CHARTattack, http://www. chartattack.com/features/60183/cute-is-what-we-aim-for (October 10, 2008). “Cute Is What We Aim For,” MTV, http://www.mtv.com/news/ yhif/cute_is_what_we_aim_for/ (October 10, 2008). “From the Editor’s Floor: Cute is What We Aim For,” Alternative Press, http://www.altpress.com/features/180.htm (October 10, 2007). Fueled By Ramen Official Web site, http://www.fueledbyramen.com/bands/index.php?id=49 (October 10, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Cute Is What We Aim For • 49

playing organ and directing the choir at the Star of the Sea Church on City Island, off the New York borough of the Bronx.

Norman Dello Joio Composer, pianist

A

merican composer Norman Dello Joio bridged the gap between contemporary classical music and the musical public with his works during the midtwentieth century, when many classical composers were pulling away from ordinary listeners and writing pieces that took special training to understand. One of the few contemporary composers who succeeded in making a living at his art with little support from academic or church sources, Dello Joio was a prolific composer who worked in all the major genres of classical music, including symphony, opera, keyboard music, chamber music, and ballet. He also wrote for television, films, and student ensembles. What mattered to Dello Joio was that his music be heard. In the words of his biographer, Thomas A. Bumgardner, Dello Joio “is people-oriented. He considers himself a working musician whose job is to write pleasurable music that communicates immediately with the listener.” The son of immigrants from southern Italy, Norman Dello Joio was born in New York City on January 24, 1913. Various sources have listed his original family name as DiGioio or Ioio, but Bumgardner’s biography, Norman Dello Joio, written with the composer’s cooperation, mentions no alternate spelling. Dello Joio’s father, Casimiro, was descended from a long line of Italian village church organists and had studied music at the Naples Conservatory. Hoping that Norman would follow him into the progression of organ playing, he passed on his conservatory lessons and played through four-hand piano transcriptions of classical masterpieces with his son. Norman was intimidated to the point of dread, but by the time he was 12 he was

50 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Dello Joio’s main connection to the other boys in his neighborhood came on the baseball diamond, where he became talented enough that he was once invited to try out for a New York Giants’ farm club. Dello Joio attended the Bronx Catholic high school All Hallows Institute, graduating in 1930. His education was interrupted as the Great Depression deepened and he had to contribute to his family’s income—which he did primarily by playing the piano in jazz and dance bands. In 1933 he returned to school after winning a scholarship from the Institute of Musical Art. At first he studied organ and music theory, and it was in his theory classes, writing exercises designed to teach the rules of harmony and part-writing, that he started to become fascinated with the idea of being a composer. In 1936 he decided to switch to composition, and eventually won another scholarship, this one at the Juilliard School. A song he wrote that year, “The Ballad of Thomas Jefferson,” is his earliest surviving piece. Enrolling at Juilliard in 1937, he won a prestigious prize, the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Award, for his Trio for piano, violin, and cello, during his first year. During this period the Juilliard School was in the process of merging with the Institute of Musical Art, and Dello Joio was able to continue working with his first composition instructor, Bernard Wagenaar. He received a composition degree from Juilliard in 1939 and moved on to the graduate program in composition at the same institution. The biggest influence on his style came from German-born composer Paul Hindemith, with whom Dello Joio worked in 1941 at the Berkshire Music Center in Massachusetts and during the 1941-42 academic year at Yale University. Hindemith’s style drew on the musical techniques of eighteenthcentury composer Johann Sebastian Bach, and this deepened Dello Joio’s own lyrical style. In 1943 Dello Joio won another major prize, the Town Hall Composition Award, for his Magnificat for orchestra; the work reflected Hindemth’s ways of using Gregorian chant in his works. Dello Joio served as musical director for a ballet troupe, the Eugene Loring Dance Players, from 1941 to 1943. Dello Joio and his first wife, Grayce, married on June 5, 1942, partly because Dello Joio thought he was going to be drafted and sent to fight in World War II. He was rejected for service, however, because of a heart arrythmia. Dello Joio and his wife raised three children. The marriage ended in 1971, and in 1974 Dello Joio married his second wife, Barbara. Winning Guggenheim fellowships in 1944 and 1945, he continued to hone a personal style that merged an Italianate lyricism with impeccable technique and, often, a spiritual quality. Dello Joio taught part-time at Sarah Lawrence College from 1945 to 1950, but composition, rather than teach-

For the Record . . .

B

orn on January 24, 1913, in New York, NY; died

on July 24, 2008, in East Hampton, NY; married

twice; children: Victoria, Justin, Norman Adrian. Education: Attended Institute of Musical Art, New York, studying organ and music theory, 1933-36; attended Juilliard School, New York, studying composition, 193741; studied composition privately with Paul Hindemith, 1941-42. Organist, Star of the Sea Church, City Island, Bronx, NY, late 1920s; Sarah Lawrence College, taught composition part-time, 1945-50; Mannes College of Music, instructor, 1956-72; School of the Arts, Boston University, dean, 1972-78. Awards: Pulitzer Prize for music, for Meditations on

Dello Joio resigned his post at Sarah Lawrence in 1950, partly because of demands on his time from organizations wanting to perform his new compositions. Between 1956 and 1972 he was on the faculty of the Mannes College of Music in New York. His level of public exposure in the 1950s rivaled that of well-established composers like Igor Stravinsky and Aaron Copland. The Triumph of Joan, about St. Joan of Arc, was revised and presented on NBC network television in 1956 under a new title, Trial at Rouen, and it was revised again (becoming The Triumph of Saint Joan) for a 1959 production at the New York City Opera. In 1957 Dello Joio won a Pulitzer Prize for his orchestral composition Meditations on Ecclesiastes, derived from a dance work of his own composition called There Is a Time. The following year he was featured on CBS television as part of a series called Profiles of a Composer. Dello Joio also composed music for plays, documentary films, and nonfiction television programs. His ability to keep up with this demanding schedule relied on his habit of waking up at dawn and putting in five hours of composing daily while the rest of the world was just beginning its day.

Ecclesiastes, for string orchestra, 1957; Emmy Award, for music for television program The Louvre, 1965; New York Music Critics’ Circle awards, 1948, 1959; Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Award, 1937; Town Hall Composition Award, 1943; honorary doctorates: Lawrence College (WI), Colby Coll. (ME), Univ. of Cincinnati.

ing, remained his central focus. During this period, Dello Joio’s compositions were performed repeatedly by major American symphony orchestras. One of the best known was the Variations, Chaconne, and Finale, which was performed by orchestras in Pittsburgh and New York and won the New York Music Critics Circle Award for the best new orchestral work of the 1948-49 season. Dello Joio never lost his affection for jazz, and jazz clarinetist Artie Shaw commissioned a new Dello Joio work, the Concertante for clarinet and orchestra, in 1949. In 1950 Dello Joio completed a short opera, The Triumph of Joan, which he had originally conceived as a way of bringing students of music, dance, and theater together from their largely separate worlds at Sarah Lawrence. For most of his career he was vitally interested in music education issues, and he believed that the best way to promote contemporary music was to get it into the hands of student musicians. In the 1960s, as chairman of a National Music Council Committee and later of the Contemporary Music Project of the Music Educators National Conference, he worked to create composer residencies in school systems around the country.

Dello Joio’s opera Blood Moon received negative reviews after its first performances in 1961, and in general the composer’s popularity began to decline. This may have had less to do with his own music than with the vogue for the atonal and mathematically oriented serialist system of composition that flowered during the 1960s. Dello Joio wrote a few serialist works but basically never renounced his more accessible idiom. In 1972 he returned to academe, becoming dean of Boston University’s School of the Arts. He retired in 1978 but continued to compose into old age. In 2003, at age 90, he composed a new work, Passing Strangers, for the William Floyd High School Choir in Shirley, New York. Norman Dello Joio died at his home in East Hampton, New York, on July 24, 2008.

Selected works Trio for piano, violin, and cello, 1937. The Ballad of Thomas Jefferson for voice, published 1943. Vigil Strange for mixed chorus and piano (four hands), 1943. Magnificat for orchestra, 1944. Sextet for three recorders and string trio, 1944. Suite for piano, 1945. The Mystic Trumpeter for mixed chorus and French horn, 1945. Prelude: To a Young Musician for piano, 1945. To a Lone Sentry for orchestra, 1945. On Stage, ballet score for orchestra, 1945. Prelude: To a Young Dancer for piano, 1946. Concerto for harp and orchestra, 1946. A Jubilant Song for mixed or women’s chorus and piano, 1946. Sonata 1 for piano, 1947. A Fable for mixed chorus and piano, 1947. Madrigal for mixed chorus and piano, 1947.

Dello Joio • 51

Sonata 3 for piano, 1948. Mill Doors for voice, 1948. Sonata 2 for piano, 1948. Trio for flute, cello, and piano, 1948. New Born, for voice, 1948. There is a Lady Sweet and Kind, for voice, 1948. Fantasia on a Gregorian Theme for violin and piano, 1949. Concert Music for orchestra, 1949. Duo Concertato for cello and piano, 1949. The Assassination, for voice, 1949. Lament for voice, 1949. Diversion of Angels, ballet score for small orchestra, 1949. Variations and Capriccio for violin and piano, 1949. Nocturne in E for piano, 1950. Nocturne in F-sharp for piano, 1950. Variations, Chaconne, and Finale for orchestra, published 1950. A Psalm of David, for mixed chorus, strings, brass, and percussion, 1951. New York Profile for orchestra, 1952. The Bluebird for mixed chorus and piano,1952. The Triumph of Saint Joan Symphony, 1952. Serenade for orchestra (based on “Diversion of Angels”), 1953. Somebody’s Coming for mixed chorus and piano, 1953. Epigraph for orchestra, 1953. Song of the Open Road for mixed chorus, trumpet, and piano, 1953. Song of Affirmation for mixed chorus, soprano, narrator, and orchestra, 1953. Sweet Sunny for mixed chorus and piano, 1954. Six Love Songs for voice, 1954. The Tall Kentuckian, incidental music for soloists, chorus, and orchestra, 1954. Concertante for clarinet and orchestra, 1955. Aria and Toccata for two pianos, 1955. The Ruby, opera in one act, 1955. Adieu, Mignonne, When You Are Gone for women’s chorus and piano, 1955. The Trial at Rouen, opera in two acts, 1955. Meditations on Ecclesiastes for string orchestra, 1956. Air Power, symphonic suite for orchestra, 1957. To Saint Cecilia for mixed chorus and brass, 1958. The Triumph of Saint Joan, opera in two acts, 1958. O Sing unto the Lord for male chorus and organ, 1959. The Listeners for voice, 1960. Blood Moon, opera, 1961. The Holy Infant’s Lullaby for voice (also for mixed or women’s chorus and piano), 1962. Family Album for piano four hands, 1962. Prayers of Cardinal Newman for mixed chorus and organ, 1962. Three Songs of Adieu for voice, 1962. Fantasy and Variations for piano and orchestra, 1963. Variants on a Medieval Tune for band, 1963. Un Sonetto di Petrarca for voice, 1964. Colloquies for violin and piano, 1964. Song’s End for female chorus and piano, 1964. The Louvre, television score, 1964. Suite for the Young for piano, 1964. Three Songs of Chopin for orchestra (also for two or four voice chorus with piano or orchestra), 1964. From Every Horizon for band, 1965. Laudation for organ, 1965. Antiphonal Fantasy for organ, brass, and strings, 1966. Scenes from the Louvre for band, 1966.

52 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Songs of Walt Whitman for mixed chorus and orchestra or piano, 1966. A Christmas Carol for voice (also for mixed or women’s chorus and piano), 1967. Five Images for piano four hands, 1967. Air for Strings for string orchestra, 1967. Five Images for orchestra, 1967. Proud Music of the Storm for mixed chorus, brass, and organ, 1967. Bright Star for voice (also for two voice or mixed chorus and piano), 1968. Christmas Music for piano-four hands (also for mixed chorus and piano), 1968. Fantasies on a Theme by Haydn for band, 1968. Years of the Modern for mixed chorus, brass, and percussion, 1968. Bagatelles for harp, 1969. Capriccio on the Interval of a Second for piano, 1969. Homage to Haydn for orchestra, 1969. Mass for mixed chorus, brass, and organ, 1969. Note Left on a Doorstep for voice, 1969. Songs of Abelard for baritone solo and band, 1969. The Lamentation of Saul for baritone, flute, oboe, clarinet, viola, and piano (also for full orchestra), 1970. Evocations for mixed chorus and orchestra or piano, 1970. Lyric Pieces for the Young for piano, 1971. Choreography for string orchestra, 1972. The Developing Flutist, suite for flute and piano, 1972. Of Crows and Clusters for mixed chorus and piano, 1972. Psalms of Peace for mixed chorus, trumpet, French horn, and organ, 1972. Come to Me My Love for mixed chorus and piano, 1973. Concertante for Wind Instruments for band, 1973. The Poet’s Song for mixed chorus and piano, 1974. Three Essays for clarinet and piano, 1974. Leisure for mixed chorus and piano, 1975. Lyric Fantasies for viola and string orchestra (or string quintet), 1975. Stage Parodies for piano-four hands, 1975. Diversions for piano, 1975. Five Lyric Pieces for the Young Organist, 1975. Mass in Honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary for cantor, congregation, mixed choir and organ (or brass), 1975. Mass in Honor of the Eucharist for cantor, congregation, mixed choir, and organ, 1975. Notes from Tom Paine for mixed chorus a cappella, 1975. Satiric Dances for a Comedy by Aristophanes for band, 1975. Colonial Ballads for band, 1976. Colonial Variants for orchestra, 1976. Songs of Remembrance for baritone voice and orchestra, 1976. Southern Echoes for orchestra, 1976. Arietta for string orchestra, 1978. Caccia for band, 1978. Concertante for chamber orchestra, 1978. As of a Dream for narrator, soloists, optional dancers, mixed chorus, and orchestra, 1979. The Dancing Sergeant for band, 1979. Salute to Scarlatti for piano or harpsichord, 1980. Sonata for trumpet and piano, 1980. Hymns Without Words for mixed chorus and orchestra, 1981. The Psalmist’s Meditation for mixed chorus and piano, 1981. Concert Variants for piano, 1983. Ballabili for orchestra, 1983. Love Songs at Parting for mixed chorus and piano, 1984.

I Dreamed of an Invincible City, for chorus and piano or organ, 1984. The Vigil, for chorus, brass, and percussion, 1985. Nativity for soloists, chorus, and orchestra, 1987. Passing Strangers for choir, 2003.

Periodicals American Record Guide, November-December 1994, p. 99. Guardian (London, England), November 5, 2008, p. 38. New York Times, May 18, 2003, p. 42; July 27, 2008, p. A24.

Online

Sources Books Bumgartner, Thomas A., Norman Dello Joio, Twayne, 1986. Slonimsky, Nicolas, ed. emeritus, Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians, centennial ed., Schirmer, 2001.

“Norman Dello Joio: Biography,” Norman Dello Joio Official Web site, http://www.fp.enter.net/˜debrat42/Default.htm (November 24, 2008). “Norman Dello Joio (1913-2008),” NewMusicBox, http://www. newmusicbox.org/article.nmbx?id=5646 (November 28, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Dello Joio • 53

D

etroit’s Dwele (pronounced dweh-lay) has had a steady rise in popularity with R&B audiences with three jazz and hip-hop infused soul albums. Widely respected for his laid-back groove, Dwele has earned international acclaim as a singer, multi-instrumentalist, and producer. Considered an important player in the nu-soul or neo-soul movement, Dwele seems to be little concerned with labels but is focused on keeping his music real.

Dwele

Born Andwele Gardner in Detroit, Michigan, Dwele’s given name means “God has brought me” in Swahili. Dwele and his younger brother Antwon (a trombone player) were both influenced by their father’s interest in music. Dwele began playing piano with his father as a young child, and began formal piano lessons at age six. His early musical influences included jazz greats Miles Davis and Freddy Hubbard, as well as R&B icons Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, and Donny Hathaway. When Dwele was ten years old, he witnessed the murder of his father outside their home. This tragic experience influenced him greatly. He told Format Magazine, “[My father] taught me the first few things about being a musician, and I keep a part of him with me wherever I go. I learned to put my emotions into music; it was my therapy. Eventually, I started adding lyrics to it.”

Singer, pianist, trumpet player

Marco Prosch/Getty Images

During high school, Dwele took up the trumpet and played in school marching and jazz bands. After graduating from Cody High School in Detroit, Dwele attended Wayne State University in Detroit, where he studied music for a year. He expanded his musical talents to include guitar and bass, and has played all these instruments on his albums. Influenced by the artistic rap group A Tribe Called Quest, Dwele began his musical career as an emcee in Detroit clubs and recorded an independent demo, The Rize, in his bedroom in 1998. He made a hundred copies and sold it out of his car, selling out all the copies in a week and creating a strong underground buzz. Dwele related to MVRemix, “[Rize] got bootlegged and made its way across the globe to London, Amsterdam, China and back to Detroit again.” His gig at the Detroit hot spot Café Mahogany caught the attention of the emerging hip hop trio Slum Village, who asked him to record the hook for their single “Tainted,” which proved to be hugely popular after its release in 2002. His collaboration on “Tainted” led to further work with other artists, including Philadelphia female rapper Bahamadia, the hop hop/urban soul supergroup Lucy Pearl, and London club group New Sector Movement.

54 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Dwele signed with the major label Virgin and released his first solo album, Subject, in 2003. Dwele produced most of the tracks on the album, which was recorded in Detroit at his home. As a departure from rap, Subject reflected a lush, whispering quality infused with jazz, soul, and hip-hop that hit all the right chords. Subject proved to be a critical success both in the United States and in Europe, though its commercial sales were

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1979, in Detroit, MI; son of Robert and

Phyllis Gardner. Education: Attended Wayne State

University, Detroit, MI. Worked as MC in Detroit area; recorded demo The Rize, 1998; caught interest of Detroit rap group Slum Village; recorded hook on Slum Village’s “Tainted” from their CD Trinity: Past, Present and Future, 2002; signed record deal with Virgin; released solo debut CD, Subject, 2003;

released

Some

Kinda…,

2005;

released

Sketches of a Man with Koch Records, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Koch Records, 740 Broadway, 7th Fl., New York, NY 10003, Web site: http://www.kochentertainment.com. Web site—Dwele Official Web site: http://www.dwele.net.

where he had more creative control. This creative control extended beyond the music to include his own artwork on the packaging of Sketches of a Man, which was released in 2008. In addition to playing all the instruments on almost every track, Dwele wrote, produced, and arranged the album. Although songs on the CD displayed Dwele’s characteristic mellow vibe, critics considered it more hip-hop than his earlier two albums. He told the Chicago Tribune, “I think my style is made up of soul, hip-hop and jazz, and I like to ride the fence on all of that. Right now, I’m hip-hop; that’s what I’m feeling.” Sketches offered a more mature sound that showcased the artist’s growth. All Music reviewer Andy Kellman called Sketches of a Man “the third consecutive low-key gem from one of modern R&B’s most unjustifiably undervalued talents.” Whether or not he receives the accolades he deserves, Dwele remains committed to his music and to carrying on the legacy of his hometown, noting that the Detroit influence has shaped him as a artist. “Detroit is home,” he asserted on the Koch Records Web site. “There are so many different vibes and elements I can pull from. Musically, it’s big for soul, house, techno and hip hop. …I can play off of all of them.”

modest. Memorable tracks from his debut included “Find a Way,” “Hold On,” and “Truth.” Two years after Subject, Dwele released his second album with Virgin, Some Kinda…, in 2005. Whereas soul was the primary influence in Subject, jazz imbued much of the content of Some Kinda. Once again Dwele imprinted his own brand on the album as songwriter, vocalist, producer, and instrumentalist. On his Web site, Dwele explained the origins of the CD’s title as a tribute to his father. “After my father’s passing, I realized that by introducing my brother and me to music, he was sharing his ‘Some Kinda’ love. It’s about discovering what your ‘Some Kinda’ is.” Although it was a decided hit among his loyal fan base, the album failed to reach or exceed the commercial sales of his debut.

Selected discography Subject, Virgin, 2003. Some Kinda…, Virgin, 2005. Sketches of a Man, Koch, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Chicago Tribune, June 30, 2008, p. 22. Detroit News, June 21, 2007, p. M10. Ebony, August 2008, p. 32. Jet, September 15, 2008, p. 48.

Dwele had a stellar year in 2007. His contribution to hooks on Kanye West’s “Flashing Lights” and Common’s “The People” garnered him not only popular acclaim from his fans, but it brought him to the forefront of the music industry. Dwele received his first nod from the Grammys when his collaboration with Kanye on “Flashing Lights” was nominated for a 2008 Grammy. That same year Dwele was also nominated for his rendition of Earth, Wind & Fire’s “That’s the Way of the World” off the tribute album Interpretations: Celebrating the Music of Earth, Wind & Fire. The recognition, though long in coming, was appreciated. Dwele told Jet magazine, “This year was my first time at the Grammys. I’m trying to make it there every year now. It’s mandatory.”

“Dwele,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 25, 2008). “Dwele,” Format, http://www.formatmag.com/features/dwele/ (November 25, 2008). “Dwele Interview,” MVRemix, http://www.mvremix.com/urban /interviews/dwele.shtml (November 25, 2008). “Dwele,” Koch Records, http://www.kochentertainment.com/ artists/detail/?Artist=Dwele (November 25, 2008). Dwele Official Web site, http://www.dwele.net (November 25, 2008). “Dwele,” SoulTracks, http://www.soultracks.com/dwele.htm (November 25, 2008).

After his two-album deal with Virgin was complete, Dwele moved to the independent label Koch Records,

—Elizabeth Henry

Online

Dwele • 55

birthday. He requested combat duty, but was refused because a law known as the Sullivan Act prohibited brothers from fighting in the same conflict. His older brother Richard was already serving in Vietnam, so Gary became a military police officer.

John Gary

Singer

S

inger John Gary was a popular nightclub, radio, and television entertainer during the 1960s. He recorded 24 albums for RCA Records; the best known were More and Catch a Rising Star. His warm voice and smooth delivery were similar to those of other popular singers of the time, Andy Williams and Tony Bennett, but his style of music was eclipsed by the coming of rock and roll, and he never achieved widespread recognition. Born John Gary Strader in 1932 in Watertown, New York, Gary got his start in show business as a child, when at age five he joined his sister Shirley in a brother-sister act; the two performed on a variety of amateur talent shows. When Gary was nine, his singing won him a scholarship to attend the Cathedral School of St. John the Divine in New York City. At ten, he won awards for performing with the Stage Door Canteen, and when he was twelve, he toured with pianist Frank Pursley. Gary moved to Hollywood with his mother, a concert violinist, his stepfather, Bob Yale, and his siblings Richard, Shirley, and Malcolm, at the age of 12 in order to pursue a career in films. He enrolled in the Hollywood Professional School and had a regular role on a local radio show. He also performed on a local show, “Blackouts,” where he was billed as “the most beautiful boy soprano voice.” However, his voice changed suddenly, right in the middle of a song during a live performance, and that was the end of his soprano voice. After his voice changed, he thought his singing career would be over, so he joined the Marines on his 17th

56 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

After his military service ended, Gary, now about 20 years old, worked making demo records for songwriters, including the prolific Henry Mancini. He was also known for his rendition of “Danny Boy,” and sang it on almost every variety show of the 1960s and 1970s, including those hosted by Ed Sullivan, Jack Paar, Johnny Carson, Steve Allen, Merv Griffin, and Carol Burnett. In the 1960s, Gary worked as a summer replacement for Danny Kaye, and as a result he was given his own three-year show, “The John Gary Show.” Gary’s style was that of a “crooner,” a style that was rapidly becoming outmoded with the advent of rock and roll. In Gary’s obituary in the San Francisco Chronicle, J. L. Pimsleur quoted Chronicle writer Peter Stack, who commented, “Younger audiences accustomed to flashier acts may regard Gary as a fairly ‘square’ type of performer—and that he may be. Yet there is much pleasure derived from an entertainer who seems to have absolutely no pretensions about what he’s doing on stage.” Gary became involved in art when a friend, Bob McGimsey, discovered that Gary had a talent for sculpture, after Gary picked up some clay and modeled an angry bear. McGimsey paid for Gary to attend the Otis Art Institute for a year. He also studied at the 69th Street Sculpture Center in New York City and at the University of Indiana at Bloomington. Most of his sculptures were representations of friends or of people from history. Gary had been estranged from his biological father since he was about ten years old, but when he was twenty-three he located his birth father, Harold Strader, in Binghamton, New York, and reunited his whole family with him. Gary moved to Binghamton, where he worked on a radio show called “Personal Platter.” Winners of a contest would have song requests sung especially for them by Gary, and a recording of the show would be mailed to them. In addition to his radio work, Gary appeared as a guest on numerous local television shows. Gary eventually decided to move back to California, but stopped in New Orleans to see a friend and was offered a job there, hosting his own thrice-weekly, 15-minute television show. While in New Orleans he became interested in scuba diving, and eventually became a master diver and the captain of his own boat. He and a friend, Dick Alba, developed a method of using closedcircuit underwater television to view the ocean floor, and they later sold the technology to oil companies, who used it to view their offshore drilling rigs. He also

For the Record . . .

B

orn John Gary Studer on November 29, 1932, in

Watertown, New York; died on January 4, 1988; in

Dallas, Texas; son of Harold Strader and Merle Dawson

years, until his style of music fell from popular favor with the rise of rock and roll, but while his music was still popular he made about 50 albums, half of them with RCA and half on various independent labels. The highlights of his career are collected on two albums, The Very Best of John Gary and The Essential John Gary.

Harrington; stepson of Bob Yale. Married Lee Wilson Gary, 1971; eight children. Sang on numerous radio shows from childhood on; worked as a “demo” singer; signed with RCA, 1962, and recorded more than 20 albums; made numerous television appearances; hosted “The John Gary Show”; sang with various symphonies. Awards: Grammy Award for “Most Promising Vocalist,” 1963; World record holder for underwater endurance in both salt (41 hours, 1 minute) and fresh water (78 hours,

Gary became ill with prostate cancer in his later years, and after a long battle with the illness, died from it in Dallas, Texas, on January 4, 1998. He was survived by his wife and their eight children, as well as by several grandchildren. The John Gary Memorial Fund was established in his memory, to provide music scholarships to promising male singers. In summing up Gary’s musical work, Pimsleur quoted another Chronicle writer, Gerald Nachman, who wrote of Gary’s singing, “It’s good because, with all its simplicity, it has form, peace, nonchalance and a sense of what people want to hear.”

45 minutes).

Selected discography put his underwater experience to work training Apollo astronauts, who used scuba equipment and underwater practice to learn to move and do tasks in zero gravity. During this time, Gary also set a world record for underwater endurance, staying under water for 41 hours and 1 minute. He later beat his own record by staying under water for 78 hours and 45 minutes. He patented two underwater propulsion devices, the diving buddy and the aqua-peller. In addition to his diving skills, he was also an expert with the bow and arrow. He was once challenged to a contest by the world’s seventh-ranked pistol-shot marksman, and at 25 yards, won by one point. Gary married his wife, Lee, a native of New Orleans, in 1971; they had one daughter and seven sons. The family moved to Chicago when Gary was offered a contract to sing for a popular radio show there called “The Breakfast Club.” He then went to New York City, where he was offered a contract with RCA. He was 30 years old. He continued to record with RCA for many

Catch a Rising Star RCA, 1963. A Little Bit of Heaven RCA, 1965. JOhn Gary Sings Cole Porter Audiophile, 1995. The Essential John Gary, RCA, 1997. The Very Best of John Gary, RCA, 1997.

Sources Periodicals Houston Chronicle, January 6, 1998, p. 3. New York Times, January 6, 1998, p. NA. San Francisco Chronicle, January 22, 1998, p. B6.

Online “John Gary,” Handbook of Texas Online, http://www.tsha online.org/handbook/online/articles/GG/fgaah.html (November 23, 2008). John Gary Official Web Site, http://www.johngary.com/ (November 23, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Gary • 57

Inara George Singer, songwriter

T

he Los Angeles-based singer and songwriter Inara George has made music in various styles, from orchestral pop to bossa nova-flavored jazz to alternative rock. The list has not included the free-spirited blues-rock of George’s father, Lowell George, of the 1970s rock band Little Feat. That isn’t surprising, as George knew her famous father only slightly and has tried to avoid trading on his name. Family connections did, however, bring George an unusual collaborator, arranger Van Dyke Parks, whose experience as a pop arranger stretched back to his pioneering work with the Byrds and the Beach Boys in the 1960s. Inara George was born in 1974 in Baltimore, Maryland, where her father was recording the Little Feat album Feats Don’t Fail Me Now. She grew up in the glamorous Topanga Canyon area of Los Angeles County. George has mentioned memories of being taken to concerts when she was little and, once, of leading the riders of a tour bus in a chorus of “Take Me Out to the Ball Game.” But Lowell George died of a heart attack on June 29, 1979, at age 34. Inara’s fifth birthday took place on the day of his wake. Her early musical influences came not from her father but from family friends: Parks, rock singer-songwriter Jackson Browne (who became her godfather), and the early gothic-country band the Violent Femmes, who sometimes stayed in the family home at the invitation of Inara’s mother. George vacillated between the natural attraction of a music career and a desire to try other things. She tried ballet and then studied acting, appearing when she was young in stage productions at the outdoor Will

58 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Geer Theatricum Botanicum in Topanga. But in 1993 she joined with a group of high school friends to form a band that played at a benefit for the theater, and the group, called Lode, turned into an ongoing effort. With its mixture of grunge sounds and blues, the band toured California and Colorado, playing such important venues as the House of Blues in West Hollywood and winning a contract with the Geffen label. Lode’s album Legs & Arms was released in 1996. Lode made no impact on pop sales charts, however, and George spent three semesters as a theater student at Emerson College in Boston, with the ambition of becoming a Shakespearean actress. Eastern winters did not appeal to the L.A.-raised George, and soon she was writing songs and thinking about a return to the music scene. In folk songwriter Bryony Atkinson she found a collaborator and formed the duo Merrick, which released four albums on small labels (including Atkinson’s own) between 1998 and 2001. Merrick disbanded the following year, but by that time George had begun to assemble the team that would propel her to solo success. That team included producer and composer Michael Andrews, who had scored the hit film Donnie Darko. Andrews produced and co-wrote much of the material on George’s solo debut, All Rise, which appeared on the Everloving label in 2005. The ethereal, synthesizerheavy album was a success with critics like Ryan Dombal of Entertainment Weekly, who wrote that “George’s soothing, girlish vocals float above her sometimes-downcast, sometimes-poppy songs like a waft of warm air.” The album also gained attention in Britain, where Robert Sandall of the London Daily Telegraph wrote that “All Rise is a great update on the classic Californian soft-rock formula. Its stand-out track, the opener, ‘Mistress,’ has a dreamy, gorgeously melodic lilt that the young Joni Mitchell would have been proud of.” The Mitchell comparison was made more than once, and George followed that 1970s folk-pop chanteuse into jazz-inspired music for her next project. That project arose after George and multi-instrumentalist Greg Kurstin, who had played keyboards on All Rise, discovered that they both enjoyed classic jazz. Kurstin joined George’s live band, and they would often end her shows by performing pop standards such as “All of Me.” Naming themselves the Bird and the Bee, the pair released an album with that title in 2006 and followed it up with several EP releases. They had an unexpected U.S. dance club hit with “F***ing Boyfriend” and toured Britain as well, where Ed Potton of the Times of London offered a critical rave: “With its burnished harmonies, lilting bossa nova, fluttering electronica and sundappled psychedelia, their self-titled debut album is an exquisite musical fantasy.” George herself (according to Potton) described the album as “the sound of a 1960s futuristic musical set in Brazil.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn 1974 in Baltimore, MD; daughter of Lowell

George, a rock musician; raised in Los Angeles

area; married Jake Kasdan, a film director, 2008. Education: Attended Emerson College, Boston, MA. Stage roles at Will Geer Theatricum Botanicum, Topanga, CA, early 1990s; member of group Lode, 199396; member (with Bryony Atkinson) of duo Merrick, 1998-2001; released solo debut album, All Rise, 2005; formed duo The Bird and the Bee with Greg Kurstin, released The Bird and the Bee, 2006; (with Rod Jones) formed duo George Is Jones; released solo album An

Sweeting. ”But he’d orchestrated it with such precision that it was as if he was anticipating every breath and nuance.’’ The album’s stylistic diversity drew mostly positive notices, although Aidin Vaziri of the San Francisco Chronicle complained that George’s vocals “easily get lost in [Parks’s] hallucinogenic score of strings, horns and banjos.” George continued to challenge herself in 2008, working in the new duo George Is Jones with Scottish rocker Rod Jones, and planning a new Bird and the Bee album, Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future, for release the following year. In 2008 she also married her longtime boyfriend, film director Jake Kasdan. The diversity of her music was continuing to set her apart from Southern California’s large crowd of singersongwriters.

Invitation, 2008; Bird and the Bee album Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future slated for release, 2009. Addresses:

Management—Watchdog

Management/

Selected discography Solo

Feldman & Associates, 200-1505 West 2nd Ave., Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Y4, Canada. Web site—Inara George Official Web site: http://www.inarageorge.com.

All Rise, Everloving, 2005. An Invitation, Everloving, 2008.

With others

With growing popularity and a reputation for originality, George faced the problem of coming up with something truly fresh for her sophomore solo release. She had introduced Andrews to her old friend Van Dyke Parks in 2002, and the three later discussed having Parks produce a track on one of her albums. At one point, according to George’s Web site bio, she asked, “What if we have him do the entire thing?” The result was George’s album An Invitation, recorded at the Sunset Sound studio in Los Angeles, released in 2008, and distinctly different from her earlier work. Parks’s arrangements called for an orchestra consisting of a string section, clarinet, bass clarinet, oboe, French and English horns, and flutes—an expensive proposition for a small independent release, but Parks managed to plan the scoring carefully enough to reduce it to nine hours of recording time. George recorded the songs as demos initially, using the GarageBand program on an Apple computer. Parks, noted Jon Pareles of the New York Times, backed George’s tunes “with a nonstop counterpoint of melodies and of allusions: parlor songs, tangos, fanfares, chamber music, show tunes.” The orchestral arrangements lacked the usual regular beat of popular music, posing a problem for George, who had little classical training. “I was listening to the orchestra recording their parts and thinking, ‘I don’t know how I’m going to sing to this’ because it was sometimes hard to find the beat,’’ George told the Daily Telegraph’s Adam

(with Lode) Legs & Arms, Geffen, 1996. (with Merrick) Traum von Freiheit, Tyrolis, 1998. (with Merrick) An Album for Raymond, Deafinit, 2001. (with Merrick) Drive Around A Lot: Hard And Fast Driving Club, Orchard, 2001. Merrick, Bryony, 2001. (with the Bird and the Bee) The Bird and the Bee, Metro Blue, 2007. (with the Bird and the Bee) Please Clap Your Hands, Blue Note, 2008 (EP). (with the Bird and the Bee) Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future, Blue Note, 2009 (projected).

Sources Periodicals Daily News (Los Angeles), May 3, 1996, p. L18. Daily Telegraph (London, England), July 27, 2006; September 11, 2006, p. 29; November 20, 2008. Entertainment Weekly, January 28, 2005, p. 84; August 15, 2008, p. 67. Fresno Bee, June 21, 1996, p. E4. Interview, February 2007, p. 78. New York Times, March 1, 2007, p. E4; August 10, 2008, p. 21. San Francisco Chronicle, August 10, 2008, p. N38. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, September 27, 2008, p. E1. Times (London, England), June 25, 2006, p. 8; March 31, 2007, p. 24. Washington Times, February 1, 2005, p. B5. WWD, May 21, 2007, p. 48.

George • 59

Online “About Inara George,” Inara George Official Web site, http:// www.inarageorge.com (November 28, 2008). “The Accidental Songwriter,” Boston Globe, June 9, 2005, http://www.boston.com/news/globe/living/calendar/

60 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

articles/2005/06/09/the_accidental_songwriter (November 28, 2008). “Inara George,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 28, 2008). —James M. Manheim

A

ustralian singer-songwriter and actor Delta Goodrem is known for her soaring piano ballads and her optimistic image, as well as her rapid rise to fame: in one year, she went from being unknown to winning a role on a major Australian television show and having her song “Born to Try” hit the number one spot on the Australian charts.

Delta Goodrem

Goodrem grew up in Sydney and began studying the piano when she was eight years old. She spent her Saturdays taking dance and drama classes. In 2000 Denis Handlin, CEO of Sony Music Entertainment Australia, heard Goodrem sing at a talent showcase and offered her a contract, which she accepted. She was only 15 years old. She was working on her first album for Sony when she was offered a role on the Australian teen soap opera Neighbours. The show had a daily audience of 1.2 million viewers in Australia, as well as 8.3 million in the United Kingdom. Other actors who had appeared on the show had gone on to launch successful singing careers; they included Kylie Minogue, Natalie Imbruglia, and Holly Valance. Goodrem’s character, Nina Tucker, sang the song “Born to Try” on the show, and within a month, it had reached the top of the Australian singles chart. Unlike some other aspiring singers, Goodrem maintained a clean image in her television role and in her singing, even insisting that the role of Nina Tucker be rewritten to reflect the hopeful tone of her music. Sony UK’s Robbie McIntosh told Christie Eleazar in Billboard, “I think it’s refreshing to see a young girl who writes, sings, and plays beyond her 18 years, and doesn’t use her sexuality to promote herself.”

Singer, songwriter

AP Images

Goodrem’s debut album, Innocent Eyes, was released in 2003. In addition to the song “Born to Try,” it had four other hit singles. The album sold 150,000 copies in the first two weeks after its release, and eventually sold over a million copies in Australia, an accomplishment only one other singer had ever achieved. Most of the songs on the album were piano ballads with lyrics that spoke about Goodrem’s life. She told Eliezer, “Many of the lyrics were lifted directly from my diary. Each song has a story and hopefully takes the listener to a place they want to go.” The album won seven ARIA awards in Australia in 2003. When Goodrem was 18, she began feeling tired and losing weight. She thought this was a result of her busy schedule of acting and singing, with not enough time for sleep. She tried to perk herself up by exercising. One day in the gym, she felt a small lump in the back of her neck. Her family doctor told her it was probably just a swollen lymph gland and that it would probably go away on its own. But the lump persisted, and so did her weight loss and tiredness. She visited a second doctor, who also told her the symptoms were most likely nothing to worry about. However, he added that there was a one-in-ten chance that they were serious. At that moment, she had a strong feeling that she was

Goodrem • 61

For the Record . . .

B

orn on November 9, 1984, in Australia; daughter

of Lea and Denis Goodrem.

Released Innocent Eyes, 2003; Mistaken Identity, 2004; Delta, 2008. Awards: Seven ARIA Awards, 2003. Addresses: Record company—Sony Music Entertainment Australia, 11-19 Hargrave St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.

the one-in-ten exception. She developed a rash over her entire body, and went to a hospital for tests. At the same time, she kept working. Just as she was getting ready to launch her career in the United States, her mother and brother Trent told her they had received the test results. Goodrem had Hodgkin’s lymphoma, a cancer that attacks the immune system, and she had to to to the hospital immediately and begin treatment. Goodrem told Alastair Campbell in People, “I can’t describe how scared I was, real fear like I have never known before or since. Everything was going for me, I didn’t even know the meaning of the word insecurity and suddenly I am surrounded by words like operation, cancer, chemotherapy, radiation. I bawled my eyes out for days.” She added, “I saw my dad crying for the first time in ages.” She had surgery the next day to remove the lump, and then began a year-long cycle of chemotherapy and radiation. She told Campbell, “I remember staring out of the [hospital] window, longing to be able to just go for a walk and get a coffee. I looked in the mirror. My face had a green tinge. My hair was falling out. I had lost so much weight and I thought, I don’t recognize this person.” She said the experience changed her perspective on life: “I feel I lost my innocence to cancer.” Goodrem received an enormous amount of support from fans. This made her realize that she had the power to raise money as well as public awareness for the disease. She set up the Delta Goodrem Leukaemia and Lymphoma Trust to raise money for research. Although she was unable to perform during her treatment, her album continued to sell and eventually hit 2.4 million copies worldwide. After her treatment, Goodrem was back in action in 2004, with her big-screen movie debut in Hating Alison Ashley. The movie, a comedy, examined the difficulties

62 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

of being a teenager, and examined issues of peer pressure, rivalry, and the value of friendship. In The Age, Philippa Hawker wrote that Goodrem made “a smooth transition” to movies with this role, and that she seemed “completely at ease” on the big screen. At the end of 2004, Goodrem released her second album, Mistaken Identity, and it debuted at number one on the ARIA charts. The album reflected her experiences with cancer, combining songs describing her despair at her diagnosis with tunes reflecting her victory over her illness. She also included songs inspired by her breakups with actor Blair McDonough and tennis player Mark Philippoussis, and her professional split with her former manager, Glenn Wheatley. Goodrem took time off from music for the next few years as she continued to recover from her illness and from a sense of burnout from her heavy work in the music industry. Goodrem told Paul Martin in the London Mirror, “I took three years off music because I wanted to refresh myself. Sometimes it was getting like I was doing things just for the sake of it and going through the motions. … I knew I had to come back with new music and something relevant. But I could only do that if my heart was in it.” In addition, she was suffering from family difficulties—her parents were breaking up and would eventually be divorced, her mother was diagnosed with breast cancer, and her romantic life was in turmoil. For a while, she was engaged to Irish pop star Brian McFadden, but eventually they canceled their engagement and agreed to put their plans on hold while they both returned to their musical careers. In 2008 Goodrem finally made her U.S. debut with her album Delta, which had a lighter, more optimistic feel. For her U.S. release, Goodrem was signed to the Mercury Decca imprint. The label’s president, David Massey, told Chuck Taylor in Billboard, “Here’s this kid with total presence and charm. We spent three hours talking about her hopes and dreams. She blew me away.” Radio station executive Jeff DeWitt told Taylor, “Delta is among the warmest people I’ve met in a long time. She certainly doesn’t behave like the huge star she is. And the more songs I’ve heard, the bigger fan I’ve become.” Sam Zniber, of Sydney’s MIX Network, told Christie Eliezer of Billboard, “In Australia, she has become an icon for all generations—she represents combativity, success and sweetness at the same time.”

Selected discography Innocent Eyes, Sony, 2003. Mistaken Identity, Sony, 2004. Delta, Mercury Decca, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, April 26, 2003, p. 51; February 21, 2004, p. 13; December 11, 2004; July 2, 2005, p. 42; November 17, 2007, p. 64; May 17, 2008, p. 88; July 12, 2008, p. 31. Daily Telegraph (London, England), November 3, 2004, p. 21. Daily Variety, February 24, 2004, p. 8.

Mirror (London, England), November 5, 2007, p. 13; April 19, 2008, p. 7. Observer (London, England), April 29, 2007, p. 12. Time International, May 26, 2003, p. 70.

Online “Hating Alison Ashley,” The Age, March 10, 2005, http://www. theage.com.au/news/Reviews/Hating-Alison-Ashley/2005/ 03/09/1110316092813.html (November 24, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Goodrem • 63

Spanish and English rock ’n’ roll songs. The band toured Spain, and Hammond began performing some of the original songs he had written. Two compositions, “New Orleans” and “Fools in Love,” became his first singles for Parlophone Records.

Albert Hammond

Singer, songwriter, producer

T

hough few may be familiar with the name Albert Hammond, most pop music fans probably know many of his songs. The singer-songwriter and producer is the man behind many of the classic pop/rock songs that were mainstays on Top 40 radio during the 1970s and 1980s and still receive airplay three decades later. Hammond’s songs have been covered by artists as diverse as Neil Diamond, Whitney Houston, Julio Iglesias, and the Beach Boys, just to name a few. He is also a successful recording artist in his own right, with a number of hits in the 1960s and 1970s, including “It Never Rains in Southern California.” His studio production credits include albums for Johnny Cash and The Association. The road to music success was an “uphill battle,” Hammond claimed in an interview in the Guardian, but it is one that he has won over the years. He was born on May 18, 1944, in London, England, after his mother was forced to evacuate the British colony of Gibraltar during the war, leaving his firefighter father behind. The family later returned to the British possession on the Iberian peninsula, where young Hammond grew up and took his first steps toward his future career. Fluent in both English and Spanish, he became head of the church choir and delved into the world of music by learning to play guitar. Coming of age just as rock ’n’ roll was influencing hordes of British teens in the late 1950s, Hammond decided to pursue a musical career. He quit school not long after meeting fellow musician Richard Cartwright, and they began playing local clubs as a duo. They eventually formed the core of a band called the Diamond Boys, which played covers of

64 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

After winning the coveted first prize in the Circo Price music festival in Madrid, the Diamond Boys scored a recording contract with RCA Records, and released an EP that included a cover of the Ray Charles tune “What’d I Say.” Soon afterward they disbanded the group and returned to England, only to join another band, Los Cincos Ricardos. This band recorded the single “Most Exclusive Residence for Sale” with a B-side, “It’s All Over Now,” which Hammond had written. It was through these short-lived bands that Hammond met fellow songwriter and future collaborator Mike Hazelwood. Connecting with this kindred spirit forced him to work harder at his songwriting than he did at performing. Together they formed the songwriting team Hammond & Hazelwood, which garnered a string of chart hits in the 1960s and 1970s, the most notable of which was “Make Me An Island,” which went to number one on the pop charts in 14 countries. They also started yet another band called Family Dogg that issued one hit single in 1969, followed by an album, before disbanding. Hammond’s partnership with Hazelwood ended in 1975 because Hammond was garnering most of the credit for the songs they had coauthored. Then Hammond’s career took an immense leap forward when he met a record label executive named Clive Davis. After Hammond played his songs for the veteran A&R man, Davis signed him on the spot to a songwriting and solo deal with CBS records. Aside from writing hits for other artists, Hammond’s solo career took off with the song “It Never Rains in Southern California,” which reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and became a million-seller around the world. It was later covered by Sonny & Cher and Barry Manilow. The hit song became the first in a string of eight charting singles that Hammond enjoyed over the next five years. Other well-known songs on his debut album, It Never Rains in Southern California, were “Down by the River” and “The Air That I Breathe.” The latter was Hammond’s favorite song on the album, and it was later to become the last major international hit by The Hollies. Hammond’s follow-up album, The Free Electric Band, made it to number 19 on the charts and was as musically solid as the first offering. At this time, Hammond also tried his hand at producing. He worked in the studio with Johnny Cash and The Association and collaborated with the likes of Richard Carpenter and Art Garfunkel. By the mid-1970s he was working with producer/engineer Phil Ramone and collaborating with lyricist Hal David, scoring a number one single on the adult contemporary charts with the song “99 Miles from L.A.” Its successor, “When I Need You,” co-written with Carole Bayer Sager, was released in America only after another artist—Leo Sayer—had a

For the Record . . .

B

orn Albert Louis Hammond on May 18, 1944, in

London,

England;

married

Pamela,

1965

(divorced); married Claudia Fernandez (a model), 1978; children: (with Pamela) Debbie Hammond, Paula Hammond, (with Claudia) Albert Hammond Jr. Formed the Diamond Boys with Richard Cartwright, 1960-62; joined the band Los Cincos Ricardos, collaborated with songwriter Mike Hazelwood on two records, formed Family Dogg, 1965-68; formed songwriting team with Hammond & Hazelwood, 1968-75; solo art-

on writing and producing. He passed the musical torch to his son, Albert Hammond Jr., who was becoming a rock savant on his own as a guitarist with New York rockers The Strokes, and as a solo performer with two highly acclaimed indie albums to his credit. It seemed highly likely that the son would follow in his father’s footsteps. In a joint interview in London’s Guardian in 2005, the elder Hammond Albert told writer Alexis Petridis, “I told [my son] one of my first gigs was singing Johnny Cash songs in a strip club in Morocco; I’d tell him stories like that. I guess I wasn’t too surprised when he said he wanted to play guitar.” It was at his son’s insistence that Hammond decided to record again. In 2005 he wrote and recorded his first album in 23 years, called Revolution of the Heart. He performed a series of shows in Europe to promote the album and introduce his music to a new generation of fans.

ist on CBS records, songwriter for The Hollies, Sonny & Cher, and others, producer for Johnny Cash and The Association, 1973-75; songwriter collaborations with Diane Warren, Carole Bayer Sager, and others, 19702000; producer for Lani Hall and Cantare, 1985; released 14 solo albums and nine reissue/compilations, 1973-2006. Awards: Inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, 2008. Addresses: Record label—Spv Records, Spv GmbH, Schallplatten, Producktion und Vertrieb, Brusseler StraBe 14, D-30539 Hannover, Germany. Web site— Albert Hammond Official Web site: http://www. alberthammond.com.

hit single with his version of the song in the summer of 1977. Perry Como also covered the song, which remains a soft-rock staple to this day. During the 1970s and 1980s, Hammond was one of the busiest behind-the-scenes professionals in music, as both a recording artist and a songwriter. The bilingualism of his youth paid dividends as he managed dual recording careers—one in English and another in Spanish—exposing his music to new audiences. His songwriting career hit its peak during the 1980s with hit songs in collaboration with Diane Warren such as “Nothing’s Gonna Stop Us Now” (recorded by Starship) and “I Don’t Wanna Live Without Your Love” (a top ten hit for Chicago), and the colossal hit for Willie Nelson and Julio Iglesias, “To All the Girls I’ve Loved Before,” written with Hal David. After taking a long break from performing and recording due to the birth of his son, Hammond concentrated

Selected discography It Never Rains in Southern California, Mums, 1973. The Free Electric Band, Mums, 1973. Albert Hammond, Mums, 1974. 99 Miles from LA, Epic, 1975. My Spanish Album, Epic, 1976. When I Need You, Epic, 1977. Albert Louis Hammond, Epic, 1978. Mi Album de Recurerdos, Epic, 1978. Greatest Hits, Embassy, 1978. Al Otro Lado del Sol, Epic, 1979. Your World & My World, CBS, 1980. Comprenderte, CBS, 1981. Somewhere in America, Epic, 1982. 12 Exitos, CBS International, 1992. The Very Best of Albert Hammond, Columbia, 1995. Coplas and Songs, Epic, 1996. It Never Rains in Southern California (compilation), Kiosk, 1999. The Very Best, SMM, 2004. It Never Rains in Southern California/Free Electric Band (reissue), Beat Goes On, 2004. Greatest Hits, Sony International, 2005. Revolution of the Heart, SPV, 2005. Albert Hammond 99 Miles from LA, Beat Goes On, 2006.

Sources Periodicals Guardian, May 2, 2005.

Online “Albert Hammond,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 18, 2008). SPV records—Albert Hammond, http://www.spv.de/Albert Hammond (November 18, 2008). —Sue Summers

Hammond • 65

M

any country singers have achieved success by crossing over into the lucrative pop market. The dulcet-voiced Emmylou Harris has done just the opposite; she culled songs from pop, rock, and folk, and transformed them into traditional country fare. One of the most popular singers in Nashville, Harris has been praised on every side for her respect for traditional country music. To quote Alanna Nash in Esquire, the performer “has not only carried on the mission of taking pure, traditional country to a hip, pop audience, but through her own artistry and integrity has helped raise the music to a new position of respectability, carving an identity for herself unique in all of country music.”

Emmylou Harris

In Country Music U.S.A., Bill C. Malone observed that Harris seems dedicated to the preservation of older country music. Still, Malone wrote, “Harris is a true eclectic, borrowing from many styles. Her concerts and LPs contain a mixture of contemporary and traditional material, rock-flavored songs and Appalachiansounding ballads, and modern country-and-western numbers.” It is Harris’s vocal abilities that have guaranteed her an audience, no matter the style of her presentation. A Time correspondent characterized her singing as “more … melancholy Appalachian bluegrass than … western swing,” adding: “Despite its range, her voice is most telling because of its feathery delicacy, an almost tentative dying fall capable of stirring deep emotions.”

Singer, songwriter, guitarist, bandleader

Harris was born on April 2, 1947, in Birmingham, Alabama, but she grew up in the Maryland and Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C., and in North Carolina. Her father was in the Marine Corps and her family moved often, though never back to the Deep South. In high school she was a cheerleader as well as class valedictorian, and was a member of the honors society. Musically, she hated piano lessons but played saxophone in her high school marching band, and dutifully went to clarinet lessons. Instead of music, her first love was drama, and she joined the Drama Club with aspirations of becoming an actress.

Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Images

During a year and a half of studies at the University of North Carolina on a drama scholarship, Harris sang at the local club, the Red Door, where she was paid ten dollars a night. After dropping out of UNC and giving up her dream of acting, she moved to New York City and thus to Greenwich Village, where she sang country and folk music—often with friend Mike Williams—in coffeehouses and nightclubs.

66 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1970 she and her first husband moved to Nashville to try their luck in the country format. She failed to become a hit there, and her marriage dissolved. With a newborn baby to care for, she returned to her parents’ home in Maryland and began singing at clubs in Washington, D.C. Her performances with a band she pulled together, at the Red Fox Inn and the Cellar Door—in between waitressing jobs—were hailed by Washington

For the Record . . .

B

orn on April 2, 1947, in Birmingham, AL; daughter of Walter Rutland Harris Jr. (a career Marine officer and chemist) and

Eugenia (Murchison) Harris (a homemaker); married Tom Slocum (a songwriter), 1969; divorced 1970; married Brian Ahern

(a record producer), January 1977; divorced; married Paul Kennerley (a songwriter), 1985; divorced, 1992; children: (with Slocum) Hallie, (with Ahern) Meghann. Education: Attended University of North Carolina, 1965. Country singer/songwriter, 1967–; began career as solo folk singer in coffeehouses and nightclubs; sang backup with Gram Parsons band, 1971-73; signed with Warner Bros., 1974; cut first album, Pieces of the Sky, 1975; formed the Hot Band, late 1970s; formed the Nash Ramblers, 1990; her music has been used in the soundtracks of several motion pictures, including Sling Blade, 1996, Where the Heart Is, 2000, and Brokeback Mountain, 2005. Awards: Grammy Awards: Best Female Country Vocal Performance, 1976, 1979, and 1984; Best Performance by Duo/Group, 1980, 1987, and 1992; Best Contemporary Folk Album, for Wrecking Ball, 1996; Best Country Collaboration With Vocals, for Same Old Train, 1998, and After the Gold Rush, 1999; Best Contemporary Folk Album, for Red Dirt Girl, 2000; Best Traditional Folk Album for Down From the Mountain Soundtrack by Various Artists, and Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media, for O’ Brother Where Art Thou?, 2001; Best Female Country Vocal Performance, for The Connection, 2005; Country Music Association Awards: Best Album for Roses in the Snow, 1980, and Vocal Event of the Year, 1988; Female Vocalist of the Year, 1980; Vocal Event of the Year, for Trio (with others), 1988, and Album of the Year, for O Brother, Where Art Thou? (with others), 2001; Academy of Country Music, Album of the Year, for Trio, 1987; Nashville Music Award, Best Folk Album, for Wrecking Ball; Orville H. Gibson Lifetime Achievement Award, Patsy Montana Entertainer Award from the National Cowgirl Hall of Fame, all 1996; Billboard Century Award, 1999; Lifetime Achievement Award, The Americana Music Awards and the Patrick J. Leahy Humanitarian Award, all 2002; inducted into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame, 2003; ASCAP Harry Chapin Humanitarian Award and ASCAP Founders Award, 2004; inducted into Country Music Hall of Fame in Nashville Tennessee and presented with the MSPCA’s George T. Angell Humanitarian Award, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Nonesuch Records, 75 Rockerfeller Plaza, New York, NY 10015, Web site—Official Record company Web site: http://www.nonesuch.com. Management—Vector Management, 1607 17th Ave. S., Nashville, TN 372122875. Booking—High Rd. Touring, 751 Bridgeway, 3rd Fl., Sausalito, CA 94965, phone: 415-332-9290, fax: 415-332-4692, Web site: http://www.highroadtouring.com.

audiences, who were receptive to her country-folkbluegrass blends. Released First Record After getting a manager and signing with Jubilee Records for her first record, Gliding Bird, Harris met Gram Parsons in Washington in 1972. The young Parsons, formerly with the Byrds, was a primary force in the burgeoning country-rock movement. He invited her to join him and his band, the Fallen Angels, in Los Angeles, to sing backup on his first solo album. Over the ensuing two years, Harris became Parson’s protege, learning from him the special roots of country and honky-tonk music and developing from a “serious folkie” into a country/rock lover. “It was an ear-opening period for me,” Harris told Newsweek. “I’d always liked Hank Williams and Buck Owens, but with Gram I dis-

covered that country music was a natural form of singing for me.” On September 19, 1973, Parsons died of a heart attack, brought on by a mixture of tequila and morphine. Left to her own resources, Harris formed the Angel Band and started playing at the Red Fox Inn the way Parsons had taught her. About her career, she told Vicki Jo Radovsky of Entertainment Weekly, “It was Gram who said we should be singing traditional country. He understood that it belonged with rock & roll.” Harris signed with Warner Bros. Records, where she was paired with Brian Ahern, a gifted producer who gladly followed her natural tendency to not strive for a pop sound, and he helped her find a European audience. A short time after their first release, Pieces of the Sky, Harris was climbing the country charts with hits like the Louvin Brothers’ “If I Could Only Win Your Love,” A.P. Carter’s “Hello, Stranger,” and Buck

Harris • 67

Owens’s “Together Again.” Harris and Ahern were married in 1977. Formed the Hot Band Buoyed by the success of such hit singles as “One of these Days,” “Sweet Dreams,” “To Daddy,” and “Two More Bottles of Wine,” Harris formed her Hot Band in the late 1970s after the success of Pieces of the Sky, releasing Elite Hotel, which secured a Grammy Award and number one success. The Hot Band became legendary over the years, starting the careers of such soon-to-be legendary musicians as Vince Gill, Ricky Skaggs, Albert Lee, and Rodney Crowell. Occasionally, Harris would bolster her string of hits with guest star duets featuring the likes of Buck Owens, Roy Orbison, Don Williams, John Denver, and Earl Thomas Conley. Harris’s willingness to expand her sound and work with interesting collaborators resulted in close to 40 country hits from 1975 to 1989. For many years Harris worked out of Los Angeles, in studios she built with Ahern. When that marriage ended, she returned to Nashville. Then another marriage, this time to Paul Kennerley—a Grammy Awardwinning songwriter who helped her with The Ballad of Sally Rose—dissolved. Harris had by this time achieved musical success by following her own formula, by surrounding herself with a distinctive backup band, and by recording a quaint mixture of traditional, modern, and original tunes, all in a fine voice. Harris maintained spontaneity in her music by dropping the Hot Band and taking on an acoustic/blue-grass band named the Nash Ramblers in 1990. They quickly made their fame with an album recorded at the location of the original Grand Ole Opry, by then a dusty, neglected building. Their album, At the Ryman, served as the symbolic beginning for the revival of downtown Nashville and of the old Ryman building itself. Soon after, she was back in the studio and winning more Grammys, including one for her experimental work on Wrecking Ball. She left Elektra/Asylum to gain more freedom and gathered yet another band, called Spyboy, for a tour. The album Spyboy was released to fulfill an obligation with Elektra. Many critics have agreed that Harris recorded two “masterworks” during her career. The first was Roses in the Snow, a work from the early 1980s that was decidedly bluegrass in flavor. With its acoustic accompaniments and traditional songs, Roses in the Snow harked back to the work of the Carter Family, Ralph Stanley, and Flatt & Scruggs, and it was a surprise commercial success for Harris. Her other outstanding accomplishment was the “country opera” album The Ballad of Sally Rose, a theme piece for which Harris wrote the lyrics herself. Based loosely on Harris’s own life, The Ballad of Sally Rose follows a woman singer through the heights and depths of her career. In Stereo

68 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Review, Nash observed that the work “carries a desperation, a smoldering, aching passion to connect with the poignant realities that live in the heart and not just the head.” Musical Ear Honed by Folk and Rock Harris may have shown an unusual dedication to country music, but she also had an ear honed by folk and rock. She and Ahern recorded a trove of offbeat songs, such as “Poncho and Lefty” by Townes Van Zandt, “The Boxer” by Paul Simon, and tunes by the Beatles and Bruce Springsteen. She sang with the likes of Bob Dylan and countless other respected rock and country stars, but always went her own way in the end. She has joked of the time she released Blue Kentucky Girl and the record company recalled the cardboard cutouts of Harris in cowboy boots and hat, which they had distributed for marketing. She didn’t exactly fit into the country niche, but Kentucky Girl ended up winning a Grammy Award. In 1995 Harris released Wrecking Ball, which was considered to be her most experimental album. It was produced by Daniel Parsons of “atmospheric work” fame with U2, Peter Gabriel, and Bob Dylan. On her impressive Duets compilation, she was featured with Parsons, Roy Orbison, George Jones, and John Denver. With Cowgirl’s Prayer she returned to folk. When she did a bluegrass album, the critics sang a dirge; however, she told Timothy White of Billboard, “If I can’t sustain an artistic statement that I believe in, then if my career’s over—it’s over. Cause this is what I have to say right now.” Roots Music Icon Harris stopped hitting the country charts in 1994, but thanks to constant touring and a devoted fan base, her albums have continued to achieve respectable sales on both the pop and country charts. Moreover, her latter day projects have allowed her to do pretty much as she pleases, artistically. “Harris has an impeccable ear and loads of integrity, but that’s just the icing on her cool cake,” stated Radovsky. “She has both preserved and deepened this nation’s awareness of its vital roots music,” according to White. But for her fans, it’s not all about “quietly confounding the rhinestone regulars of country music,” according to Entertainment Weekly’s Jeff Gordinier. He concluded, “Emmy is an icon.” Ending her association with Asylum/Elektra, Harris signed on with the more folk-friendly Nonesuch label in 2003. Now sporting lovely silver hair and a voice unchanged by the passage of time, she has continued to make modern audiences aware of traditional country and folk music and its power to tell a great story. Although she no longer commands radio airplay, her contributions to soundtracks of such motion pictures as

Because of Winn-Dixie, Sling Blade, Where the Heart Is, and Brokeback Mountain have kept her tender, graceful style firmly in the public mind. In 2008 Harris’s prolonged success resulted in her induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame. Characteristically, the singer shared the credit. “I feel like that guy in the Verizon Wireless commercial with this sea of people behind me,” she was reported as saying by Country Standard Time. “They’re there, to the right of me, the left of me, and backward and forward. They’ve been there since the beginning, and they’re with me still.”

Selected discography Solo Gliding Bird, Jubilee, 1969. Pieces of the Sky, Reprise, 1975. Elite Hote, Reprise, 1975. Luxury Liner, Warner Bros., 1977. Quarter Moon in a Ten-Cent Town, Warner Bros., 1978. Profile: The Best of Emmylou Harris (compilation), Warner Bros., 1978. Blue Kentucky Girl, Warner Bros., 1980. Roses in the Snow, Warner Bros., 1980. Light of the Stable, Warner Bros., 1980. Cimarron, Warner Bros., 1981. Evangeline, Warner Bros., 1981. Last Date, Warner Bros., 1982. White Shoes, Warner Bros., 1983. The Ballad of Sally Rose, Warner Bros., 1985. Thirteen, Warner Bros., 1986. Profile II: The Best of Emmylou Harris (compilation), Warner Bros., 1984. Angel Band, Warner Bros., 1987. Bluebird, Reprise, 1989. Duets (compilation), Reprise, 1990. Brand New Dance, Reprise, 1990. At the Ryman (live), Reprise, 1992. Cowgirl’s Prayer, Asylum, 1993. Songs of the West, Warner Bros., 1994. Wrecking Ball, Asylum, 1995. Spyboy, Eminent, 1998. Red Dirt Girl, Nonesuch, 2000. Anthology: The Warner-Reprise Years (compilation), Rhino, 2001. Nobody’s Darling But Mine, Nonesuch, 2002. Stumble Into Grace, Nonesuch, 2003. The Very Best of Emmylou Harris: Heartaches & Highways, Rhino, 2005. Songbird: Rare Tracks & Forgotten Gems, Rhino, 2007. All I Intended To Be, Nonesuch, 2008.

With Gram Parsons GP, Warner Bros., 1972. Grievous Angels, Warner Bros., 1973.

With others (With Dolly Parton and Linda Ronstadt) Trio, Warner Bros., 1987. (With Dolly Parton and Linda Ronstadt) Trio II, Elektra/ Asylum, 1998. (With Dolly Parton) Western Wall: The Tuscon Sessions, Elektra, 1999. (With Mark Knopfler) All the Roadrunning, Waner Bros., 2006.

Sources Books Complete Marquis Who’s Who, Marquis Who’s Who, 2001. Malone, Bill C.,Country Music U.S.A., revised edition, University of Texas Press, 1985. Nash, Alanna, Behind Closed Doors: Talking with the Legends of Country Music, Knopf, 1988.

Periodicals Billboard, December 4, 1999; December 18, 1999. Entertainment Weekly, June 25, 1993; September 29, 1995; August 20, 1999. Esquire, September 1982. High Fidelity, August 1980. Newsweek, April 17, 1978. People, November 15, 1982; January 14, 1991; May 10, 1999; September 25, 2000. Stereo Review, May 1985. Time, June 16, 1975.

Online “Awards,” Emmylou.net, http://www.emmylou.net/Ⲇawards, (November 30, 2008). “Biography for Emmylou Harris,” IMDB.com, http://www. imdb.com, (November 30, 2008). CMT Country.com, http:/www.artist.country.com/cmt/art (February 5, 2002). Countrystars.com, http://www.countrystars.com/legends/ bios/harris_e.html (February 5, 2002). “Emmylou Harris,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 30, 2008). “Emmylou Harris, Pops Stoneman inducted into Country Music Hall of Fame,” Country Standard Time, http://www. countrystandardtime.com/news/newsitem.asp?xid=1634 (November 30, 2008). Grammy.com, http://www.grammy.com (February 5, 2002). Rolling Stone.com, http://www.rollingstone.com/artists (February 5, 2002). 35th Country Music Association Awards, http://www.cma awards.com/2001 (February 5, 2002). —Anne Janette Johnson and Ken Burke

Harris • 69

T

he daughter of legendary 1970s soul singer Donny Hathaway, Lalah Hathaway has carved her own spot among soul and jazz legends over a two-decadelong career. Praised as a song stylist, Hathaway has earned critical acclaim for her richly textured voice. Although her artistry has not always gained commercial success, her steady presence in the music scene has nevertheless left a strong impression on her devoted fans.

Lalah Hathaway

Hathaway was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Donny Hathaway, who at the time of her birth in 1969 was just beginning his rise to fame. Hathaway’s mother, Eulaulah, is a classically trained opera singer and pianist. Hathaway grew up steeped in the musical influences of her parents. She and her younger sister, Kenya, studied piano growing up, and they both attended a performing arts high school. When Hathaway was ten years old, her father died after a fall from the fifteenth floor of the Essex House in New York City. His death was ruled a suicide. Hathaway has acknowledged the trauma of his death and the fact that she has few childhood memories; however, she has embraced his influence. In an interview with Shelah Moody of the San Francisco Chronicle, she noted, “It would be hard to be a singer, musician or have ears and not be an admirer of my dad.”

Singer

Peter Kramer/Getty Images

Hathaway wrote her first song when she was in the tenth grade. She attended the prestigious Berklee College of Music in Boston, where she developed her natural talents as a singer. Although she studied voice, she also focused on instrumental music. She told Moody, “In college, I decided to listen to instrumentalists, because I knew it would help me shape what my personal style was.” That personal style, characterized as rich and smoky, was evident in her debut CD, the self-titled Lalah Hathaway, that she recorded while a senior at Berklee. The album received critical praise for her versatility that displayed jazz, soul, and gospel influences, and it reached the number 18 spot on Billboard’s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. It was another four years before Hathaway’s second album, A Moment, was released. The lapse in time between albums hindered her marketability, and her label, Virgin Records, struggled with trying to market her mature sound to a youthful audience. Individual songs from the album, such as “Do You Suppose” and “Bad by Myself,” were praised, but some critics found her sophomore effort uneven.

70 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Although Hathaway’s solo studio output was minimal, throughout the 1990s and the 2000s she toured extensively, going on the road with such names as Mary J. Blige, Marcus Miller, and Me’shell Ndegeocello, as well as recording on albums by jazz artists Grover Washington, Wayman Tisdale, and Gerald Albright. In 1999 she collaborated with the jazz pianist Joe Sample to release the critically acclaimed duet album The Song

For the Record . . .

B

orn in December 1969, in Chicago, IL; daughter of

Donny Hathaway (a soul music vocalist) and Eu-

laulah Hathaway (an opera singer). Education: Berklee College of Music, Boston, MA, 1990. While a senior at Berklee College of Music, recorded debut

album,

Lalah

Hathaway,

1990;

released

follow-up album four years later, A Moment, 1994; recorded duet album with Joe Sample, The Song Lives

label Stax, was greeted with positive reviews. Akim Bryant of SoulTracks asserted that “Lalah has truly developed into a first rate song stylist, and her velvettextured voice transcends all of the melodies on Self Portrait.” Discussing her latest album with Michel Martin on National Public Radio, Hathaway noted that she felt in control creatively as an artist on Self Portrait. Songs from the album highlighted Hathaway’s artistry, which she has spent decades perfecting. She told Clayton Perry of BC Music, “Self Portrait is about who I am as an artist. It is the first record I made front to back myself. … I had my hand on everything on every level, so the process allowed me to figure out who I am and where I am going as an artist.”

On, 1999; released Outrun the Sky on Pyramid Records, 2004; toured with Daughters of Soul, 2004; released fifth studio album, Self Portrait, 2008, on Stax Records. Addresses: Record company—Concord Music Group, Inc., 100 N. Crescent Dr., Ste. 275, Beverly Hills, CA

As she eased into the third decade of her career, Hathaway seemed poised to continue her artistic growth and make a lasting impression on listeners. She noted on her Web site, “Like my father, I want to leave a legacy of music that makes people really feel something, whether it be happiness, sadness, grief or heartache.”

90210. Web site—Lalah Hathaway Official Web site: http://www.lalahhathaway.com/index.html.

Selected discography Lives On. It would be another five years, however, before Hathaway’s next solo album was released. She continued to make music during that time, and attributed the gaps in her solo output to the constant flux of the music business. She also related to Renee Graham of the Boston Globe how difficult it can be for artists to fit into musical genres, stating, “From my own experience with soul music, there’s a couple of extremes out there. If you’re in the middle, there’s nowhere to even take the music to be heard. The window of opportunity is just closing and closing.” Despite her low profile, Hathaway has maintained a patient and devoted fan base. Her fans were rewarded in 2004 with Hathaway’s first number one single and a new CD. Hathaway’s rendition of Luther Vandross’s “Forever, for Always, for Love” on the tribute CD Forever, For Always, for Luther seemed to propel Hathaway back into the limelight, and critics found much to praise about her solo album Outrun the Sky, which was hailed as an ambitious showcase for her richly textured and smooth delivery. In 2004 Hathaway joined Nina Simone’s daughter, Simone, and Indira Khan, the daughter of Chaka Khan, as well as Joyce Kennedy, Nona Hendryx, and Sandra St. Victor to form Daughters of Soul, a powerful lineup that fused classic soul and funk. The group toured Europe to popular success. Not one to rush into the studio, it was another four years before Hathaway released her next solo album. Self Portrait, the 2008 CD from the reborn classic soul

Lalah Hathaway, Virgin, 1990. A Moment, Virgin, 1994. (With Joe Sample) The Song Lives On, GRP Records, 1999. Outrun the Sky, Pyramid, 2004. Self Portrait, Stax, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Boston Globe, September 19, 1990, p. 76; September 23, 2005, p. D18. Essence, February 1991, p. 32. Jet, January 10, 2005, p. 28; August 18, 2008, p. 30. San Francisco Chronicle, October 20, 2005.

Online “Interview: Lalah Hathaway, Singer and Songwriter,” BC Music, http://www.blogcritics.org/archives/2008/07/08/074842 .php (November 22, 2008). “Lalah Hathaway,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 22, 2008). Lalah Hathaway Official Web site, http://www.lalahhathaway. com/index.html (November 22, 2008) “Lalah Hathaway Returns with New Music, Message,” NPR Music: Tell Me More, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/ story.php?storyId=91059178 (November 22, 2008). “Lalah Hathaway,” SoulTracks, http://www.soultracks.com/ lalah_hathaway.htm (November 22, 2008). —Elizabeth Henry

Hathaway • 71

W

Hawthorne Heights

Rock group

ith their 2004 breakout single “Ohio is For Lovers,” Hawthorne Heights became one of the most popular (and MTV playable) bands of the screamo genre. With punk and post-hardcore elements, screamo bands usually have two singers; one who sings and the other who, just as it says, screams in a unique harmonized way. The music that Hawthorne Heights began making in 2001 was never meant for popular radio play or MTV, but with “Ohio is For Lovers,” the group broke new ground for the genre. After years of promoting themselves in the emo scene, the quintet signed to independent label Victory Records and released their debut album, The Silence in Black and White, in 2004. The band didn’t become superstars overnight, and they had their fair share of setbacks. After suing (and being countersued) by Victory Records in 2007 at the start of a new tour, Casey Calvert, one of Hawthorne Heights’s guitarists, died tragically from a lethal combination of prescription drugs. After a break, the remaining members of Hawthorne Heights soldiered on, appropriately naming their 2008 album Fragile Future. Formed in Dayton, Ohio, around 2001 as a posthardcore band with heavy screaming vocals, punk rhythms, and emo lyrics, Hawthorne Heights originally

Ethan Miller/Getty Images

72 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Eron Bucciarelli, drums;

Micah Carli, guitar; Casey Calvert (died

2007); Matt Ridenour , guitar; J.T. Woodruff, vocals, guitar. Group formed in Dayton, Ohio, in 2001; signed to Victory Records, 2003; released debut The Silence in Black and White, 2004; released If Only You Were Lonely, 2006; sued to get out of contract with Victory, 2006; guitarist Casey Calvert died, November 24, 2007; released Fragile Future, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Victory Records, 346 N. Justine St., Ste. 504, Chicago, IL 60607. Web site— Hawthorne Heights Official Web site: http://www. hawthorneheights.com/.

called themselves A Day in the Life. The band lineup fell into place in 2003 when lead singer/screamer and guitarist J.T. Woodruff, drummer Eron Bucciarelli, bassist Matt Ridenour, and guitarists Casey Calvert and Micah Carli came together under the name Hawthorne Heights. While Woodruff sang with an emo-pop lightness, Calvert also provided the “screamo” vocals, which made the band a standout and a leader on the emo scene. Promoting themselves endlessly online and touring with established bands such as The Descendants, Coheed, and Cambria gained Hawthorne Heights some needed credibility, and Chicago label Victory Records signed the band in 2003. “When we were trying to get everything going, all of us would spend at least four hours every day just adding MySpace friends,” Woodruff admitted to Billboard writer Todd Martens. In June of the following year, Hawthorne Heights released their debut album, The Silence in Black and White. At the time of its release it was Victory’s highest-selling debut album on the label, and it eventually went Platinum. The catchy single “Ohio is For Lovers” made an impact on MTV, sales continued to rise, and tours got larger. By the time the group had a break, it was time to make a new record. The band felt like everyone online and at Victory was impatiently waiting for Hawthorne Heights’s follow-up. Would it meet everyone’s expectations or would it flat line. “We definitely have a lot to prove. That fuels a lot of our passion,” Woodruff admitted to Martens. “I don’t hate our first record, but you listen to it and you can pick out the parts that you know you rushed.” For their sopho-

more album, the band had more time, but also felt more pressure in writing and recording. “For the most part, when I’m writing lyrics _ I try to listen to nothing, so that way you don’t rip anything off,” Woodruff told AbsolutePunk.net. “We try to not listen to stuff in our scene, and try to think outside the box to other stuff that we listen to.” But it’s not punk, hardcore or metal that has inspired Woodruff, as he told Absolute Punk: “As far as melody, I’ll always start listening to The Beatles or Elliott Smith or The Beach Boys. …’Cause they’re not using anything—just one mic in front of them and they’re singing, and they wrote some of the best melodies that have ever been written in pop music.” A matured group in February of 2007, Hawthorne Heights released the more accessible album If Only You Were Lonely. The album placed the heaviness of three guitarists and screaming vocals right at home next to more pop-angled classic pop song structures. The album debuted on the Billboard chart at number three, and in its first week sold 118,000 copies. The band went on tour with high-profile bands Fall Out Boy and All-American Rejects. But by the summer, Hawthorne Heights and their label Victory Records were at each other’s throats. The band wanted to leave the label even though they were under contract for two more albums. There were countless meetings with lawyers, and documents were filed when Hawthorne Heights sued Victory. According to the Hollywood Reporter, Hawthorne Heights claimed they were “not paid for sales of albums, digital downloads, ringtones and foreign sales or for the use of its music in film soundtracks and video games,” among a handful of other claims. Victory countersued, claiming that the now-popular band wanted out just so they could sign to a major label. In the winter of 2007 the band went on tour again. Just a few days into the tour, 26-year-old guitarist Casey Calvert was found dead on the band’s tour bus. Calvert was found unconscious in the afternoon on the bus at a venue in Washington, D.C., on November 24, 2007. At the time, neither his bandmates nor the medical examiners knew the cause of death. Calvert, known for his integral “screamo” vocals with the group, left behind a wife and family. Hawthorne Heights cancelled the remainder of that winter tour. Toxicologists came back with a report on Calvert’s death, calling it an “accidental drug interaction” of pain medication (Vicodin) and anti-depressants, both of which were prescribed to him. With the tour cancelled, the remaining band members went to their respective homes and barely contacted each other for a few months. “There was a period of time [after Calvert’s death] where we did nothing and tried to wrap our minds around everything that had been going on,” drummer Bucciarelli told MTV.com. “Each one of us took it in a different way. It affected

Hawthorne Heights • 73

each of us differently. I personally wanted to jump in and start practicing; some of the other guys wanted to take a little bit more time.” Roughly four months after Calvert’s death, as Woodruff told MTV.com, “We decided that it was time to play again. Because we want to remember what this was like, and see our fans and a bunch of our friends, and see the positives of the music community and not the negatives we’ve been dealing with for a while now.” In addition to record label woes, the band was dealing with internet/media accusations that Calvert had been a drug addict or had intentionally overdosed.

Selected discography

Hawthorne Heights and Victory Records eventually settled their differences, and the band set out to record as a quartet, never intending on replacing Calvert. Though the band may have lost an integral part of their sound with Calvert’s passing, this pushed the band to try out different styles. “This forces us to take a creative approach to certain songs,” Bucciarelli said on the Victory Records Web site. “We’ve beefed up the guitars in parts, added gang vocals, choirs and all sorts of effects to still capture some of the energy that Casey brought.” In August of 2008, Victory released Hawthorne Heights’s third album, aptly titled Fragile Future.

Online

The Silence in Black and White, Victory Records, 2004. If Only You Were Lonely, Victory Records, 2006. Fragile Future, Victory Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, February 25, 2006. Hollywood Reporter, August 8, 2006.

AbsolutePunk.net, http://www.absolutepunk.net/showthread. php?t=96970&highlight=hawthorne+heights (October 14, 2008). “Hawthorne Heights,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (October 14, 2008). “Hawthorne Heights,” Victory Records Official Web site, http://www.victoryrecordscom/hawthorneheights (October 14, 2008). “Hawthorne Heights’s Bamboozle Left Set Marks First Step Forward Since Death of Casey Calvert,” MTV.com, http:// www.mtv.com/news/articles/1584997/20080408/ hawthorne_heights.jhtml (October 14, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

74 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

type that will find a comfortable home in the collections of those with an ear for either stark folk-rock or grunge.”

Hayden Guitarist, composer, singer

T

oronto singer-songwriter Hayden (born Paul Hayden Desser) has forged a career mining the universal themes of heartbreak and relationship woes, arranged in folk-rock settings that bring to mind the classic 1970s confessional mode established by fellow Canadians Leonard Cohen, Neil Young, and Joni Mitchell, with a touch of British icon Nick Drake thrown in for good measure. In an interview with Bruce Walker writing for Contemporary Musicians, Hayden explained that the darker subject matter just seems to come to him naturally: “Most of my songs aren’t even based on actual relationships. They just come from my imagination.” The songs on In Field & Town, for example, catalog various stages of relationships, many of them veering between inertia and unhappiness. They feature Hayden’s distinctive voice that alternately brings to mind Neil Young’s high-pitched whine and Leonard Cohen’s late-night basement café crooning, a characteristic often noted by critics since Hayden’s appearance on the musical radar in the mid-1990s. Hayden’s dark and brooding good looks also match his lyrical content, and have prompted further comparisons to Nick Drake. Hayden re-recorded many of the songs that appeared on his self-released cassette for his 1996 CD debut, released on his own Hardwood label in Canada and the Outpost label in the United States. Everything I Long For prompted All Music Guide critic Richie Unterberger to describe the effort: “Solitary, rootsy post-punk of the best kind, delving into somewhat dark and twisted terrrain, but invested with a lot of passion and unflinching grit….It’s one of the relatively few releases of this

Hayden conducted tours supporting such acts as Guided by Voices, Julianna Hatfield, the Tragically Hip, and Feist, which led to his building a strong audience in North America. He also contributed the title song to Steve Buscemi’s 1996 film directorial effort Tree’s Lounge. By many accounts, Hayden’s career nearly derailed after an ill-fated major label signing for his 1998 release The Closer I Get. Hayden disagreed, however. “I had an opportunity to work with three guys that I really like and respect who had a small imprint [Outpost] on the Geffen label,” he explained to Walker in the Contemporary Musicians, interview. “After the album was released, they decided not to have a label anymore. So they closed shop. I was secretly hoping something like that was happening, because I didn’t want other people too involved with my music regardless of how much I liked and respected them.” While recognizing the difficulties of trying to start from scratch, Hayden later believed the situation enhanced his career. “The timing worked out well,” he said. “I was paid enough money to go back to Canada and work the way I preferred.” Independence from a major label allowed Hayden to pursue his muse unfettered, resulting in minimasterpieces Skyscraper National Park (2001), ElkLake Serenade (2004), and In Field & Town (2008). His reputation for depressing subject matter aside, each album managed to squeeze in dollops of humor. “I’ve tried to integrate humor to lighten up some of the darker lyrical material,” he told the interviewer. Notable on In Field & Town was the inclusion of trumpet instrumentation on several of the songs. When asked by the interviewer whether this was a conscientious attempt to replicate the sound of Sufjan Stevens, he confessed to not knowing anything about the independent multiinstrumentalist or his music. “I don’t make any attempt to listen to new music,” he said. “I like listening to the albums that turned me on to music in the first place, Sweetheart of the Rodeo, [the Byrds]; Blue [Joni Mitchell]; and After the Gold Rush [Neil Young]. The recordings of that time had a very warm sound with rich instrumentation.” The influence of Young is apparent on his 2004 release, Elk-Lake Serenade. All Music Guide critic Tim Sendra noted: “Elk-Lake Serenade is the kind of album Neil Young wishes he could still make. It’s an intimate, heartfelt, and organic record with one foot in the lo-fi camp of Beck and Will Oldham and the other in the classic rock sound of Crosby, Dylan, Petty, and Young. Especially Young.” Sendra added: “The mostly subdued tempos are very conducive to his late-night feel and never get boring. … Not that one comes to a Hayden record looking for excitement. You come looking for introspective tunes with a fresh sound and unique lyrical bent. Elk-Lake Serenade delivers on this expectation in full. It may just be his finest record yet.”

Hayden • 75

& Town, 2008.

Hayden added that playing with a group as opposed to performing as a solo artist produces different results. “It also makes me play guitar differently,” he said. “When you play concerts solo, you tend to adjust your playing to your limitations as an instrumentalist. When you have a band behind you, it allows you to stretch yourself. You may hit a wrong note, but the band covers it up. I think it definitely lends a bit more excitement, and it takes the music to a new place. This is the best band experience I’ve had in 15 years.”

Addresses: Record company—Justin McGuirk, Fat Pos-

Selected discography

For the Record . . .

B

orn 1971 in Toronto, Canada.

Released debut CD, Everything I Long For, 1996; The Closer I Get, 1998; Elk-Lake Serenade, 2004; In Field

sum

Records,

[email protected];

Publicist—

Stephen McGrath/Brendan Bourke, Canvas Media, [email protected]. Web site—Hayden Official Web site: http://www.wasteyourdaysaway.com/.

For his tour for In Field & Town, Hayden enlisted fellow Canadians Cuff the Duke for support. The band is comprised of guitarist Wayne Petti, bassist and violinist Paul Lowman, guitarist and pedal steel player Dale Murray, and drummer Corey Wood. “Working on the road with a band is good,” Hayden remarked to Walker. “I’m having a lot of fun. We’re slowly becoming more comfortable with the music, which allows us to expand and improvise a bit more and opens up the sound and structure of the songs. When I record, I’ll usually layer ten different guitar tracks on any given song or spend a lot of time looking for the right keyboard sound.”

76 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Everything I Long For, Outpost, 1996. The Closer I Get, Outpost, 1998. Skyscraper National Park, Hardwood, 2001. Live at Convocation Hall, Badman, 2002. Elk-Lake Serenade, Badman, 2004. In Field & Town, Fat Possum, 2008.

Sources Online All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (October 14, 2008). Additional information was obtained from a June 2008 telephone interview with Hayden, from which quotations used in this entry were drawn. —Bruce Edward Walker

W

Hinder Rock group

ith a collection of power ballads and old-school rock anthems, Hinder hit the music scene in 2005 with the release of Extreme Behavior. The songs failed to connect with listeners on either coast, yet the album went triple platinum on sales from the U.S. heartland, prompting Rolling Stone to coin the term “red-state rock” to describe the phenomenon of rock acts that are largely ignored on the coasts, but beloved in more conservative “red-state” Middle America. “That title really makes me laugh,” the band’s drummer and Oklahoma City native Cody Hanson told music critic Ryan Hickman of Alabama’s Huntsville Times. “They can say it all they want. We’re proud to be where we’re from. That’s where fans really support real rock ’n’ roll music. They’re not afraid to be real rock ’n’ roll fans and not so worried about being hip or being cool or trendy.” Extreme Behavior failed to earn positive reviews from critics, who frequently discounted the group as a predictable and clichéd Aerosmith or Guns N’ Roses wannabe. As Tulsa World music critic Matt Elliott noted, “What Hinder lacks is the songwriting that its influences drew upon. Hinder also falls into a modern-rock trap, writing songs that deviate little from the ballad loving, soft verse/big chorus repeat formula milked ad nauseam by bands from Puddle of Mudd to Nickelback.”

AP Images

Hinder • 77

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Joe “Blower” Garvey (born in

Oklahoma City, OK), guitar; Cody Hanson

(born in Plano, TX), drums; Mark King, guitar; Mike Rodden (born in October 1978), bass; Austin Winkler (born c. 1981), vocals. Group formed in Oklahoma, 2001; issued independent EP, Far From Close, 2003; recorded demo, 2004; signed with Universal Records, 2005; released debut studio album, Extreme Behavior, 2005; released Take It to the Limit, 2008. Awards: BMI (Broadcast Music Inc.) Awards, Song of the Year, for “Lips of an Angel,” 2008. Addresses: Record company—Universal Records, 1755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019. Web site—Hinder Official Web site: http://www.hindermusic.com.

Yet Hinder succeeded anyway—growing its fan base from the ground up with near-constant touring and juvenile, crowd-pleasing stage antics that kept ticket sales rolling. Hinder went on to peddle three million copies of Extreme Behavior through sales on the heels of a non-stop tour focused mostly on the Midwest and Southern United States. Extreme Behavior was the tenth-best-selling album of 2006, right behind Taking the Long Way by the Dixie Chicks. In late 2008, Hinder released its sophomore effort, Take It to the Limit, which showed a promising debut at number four on the Billboard charts. Began as Oklahoma Bar Band Hinder came together in 2001 when University of Central Oklahoma students Cody Hanson and Joe “Blower” Garvey went to a party where the entertainment included a cover band featuring Austin Winkler. Intrigued by Winkler ‘s voice and presence, the two asked Winkler if he would be interested in joining their band. Hanson played drums and Garvey played guitar. In a biography on the band’s Web site, Hanson recalled how he was instantly taken with Winkler. “I heard him and was blown away. He has the kind of charisma very few people have and that unique voice. You can’t really compare him to anybody.” Winkler was more than happy to accommodate Hanson’s request. Fascinated with the acoustic guitar, Winkler began playing at 15 by teaching himself radio

78 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

tunes. After high school, he played in a cover band and began writing his own songs, which his band refused to play. Shortly after their initial meeting, Hanson, Garvey, and Winkler got together for a jam session. “Our first practice is something I will always remember,” Winkler wrote in his Hinder Web site biography. “It was the first time I had heard these songs I was writing with a full band. Hinder was born on that July day of 2001.” Winkler and Hanson began writing songs, and over the next couple of years Hinder honed its skills playing the local bar scene and at college frat parties. In 2003 Hinder recorded an independent EP, Far From Close, and pressed 5,000 copies, which all sold. In July of 2004, Hinder picked up bassist Mike Rodden and guitarist Mark King to complete the lineup. They borrowed $45,000, worked up some new songs, and put together a professional-grade demo. With the demo in hand, Hinder toured incessantly, peddling the demo at shows and promoting it over the Internet. In no time, the Internet demo caught the ears of a Universal Records talent scout, who in turn signed the band. Released Slow-Charting Debut Album Hinder released its first major-label studio album, Extreme Behavior, in 2005. Sales started slow. Its first week out, the album moved fewer than 7,000 copies and entered the Billboard 200 at number 167. Undaunted, Hinder continued to tour and grow its fan base, all the while ramping up support by appearing on regional radio shows. Thirteen months after its release, Extreme Behavior peaked at number six on the album chart and was later certified triple platinum. Band members were surprised by the sales. “You hope for the best and dream for it,” the guitar-playing King told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch’s Kevin C. Johnson. “But this totally beats all of our expectations. I was hoping the record would go gold, considering what record sales are doing nowadays.” The songs on Extreme Behavior focus mostly on sex, partying, booze, drugs, and failed relationships. The first single to drop was “Get Stoned,” a big-chorus rant complete with melodic guitar licks. “Get Stoned” received heavy radio rotation in the Midwest and Southern markets, peaking at number four on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks. The album’s biggest success story was “Lips of an Angel,” a raspy-voiced ballad that crossed over onto the Pop 100 chart, hitting number one. The song’s popularity drove it to Top 40 radio, which in turn delivered a bevy of new fans and helped increase sales of the album. Initially, Universal balked at including “Lips of an Angel” on the album, telling Hinder the song sounded like a good B-side tune. Hinder, however, insisted on its inclusion, and the song turned out to be its biggest hit. To promote the album, Hinder worked hard on the road, offering innumerable shows, live radio interviews, and

on-air acoustic performances. Knowing that radio DJs would be key to getting their music on the air, band members tried to be playful and entertaining, often showing up at stations with tequila. “Whether it was seven at night or seven in the morning, they walked in with a case of beer, a bunch of shot glasses and a tequila bottle and said, ‘OK, let’s have a good interview,’” their manager, Kevin Zaruk, told Billboard’s Mitchell Peters. “Radio stations were calling Universal after every interview, saying, ‘I haven’t done an interview like that in 10 years.’” These interviews helped boost record play in regional markets and by the fall of 2006, Extreme Behavior was the number one-selling album in places like Little Rock, Arkansas; Paducah, Kentucky; and Bristol, Tennessee; while sales on the coasts lagged. Flaunted “Extreme Behavior” The band’s party-heavy lifestyle has been welldocumented. Members are known for drinking and chasing women. Hinder’s tour bus is a hangout for all-night parties featuring strippers and bottles of perfectly-chilled Jägermeister. “There’s no business side to us at all,” Rodden, the bass player, told Tulsa World’s Matt Elliott. “We usually roll out of bed, start drinking and, you know, just kick our day off like that, have a good time.” Hinder is known for its on-stage partying as well. Garvey, the guitarist, sometimes fills beer bongs with Jägermeister and dumps them into Hanson’s mouth in the middle of a set. Fans throw their bras onstage and members decorate the set with them. Hinder titled its first album Extreme Behavior to reflect the members’ lifestyle. “Whenever the five of us are together, we do some of the craziest stuff ever, like light parts of Blower’s anatomy,” King told the St. Louis PostDispatch. “You name a body part, it’s been on fire.” In 2007 the band continued its heavy touring schedule, appearing with Papa Roach and Buckcherry as part of the Bad Boys of Rock tour. That year, Hinder grossed $4.4 million, selling more than 171,000 tickets to fans at 54 headlining concerts. Speaking to Billboard, Hanson explained that part of their success stems from fans who keep coming back to their shows. “We take our shows and treat them like a party. Everybody had that buddy in high school who always threw a party every weekend. And you had fun every time you went, so you just kept on going. That’s kind of how our shows are.” Released Sophomore Album On Election Day of 2008, Hinder released Take It to the Limit, which featured cover art of the band in front of a billion-dollar mansion, complete with fast cars and scantily clad women. The group wanted to put half-

naked Playboy Playmates on the cover, but that approach generated marketing concerns with the label. Once again, Winkler and Hanson wrote a majority of the songs, which are mostly about living a full-throttle lifestyle. Prior to the CD’s release, Universal Republic created a swell of anticipation by offering periodic “webisodes” about the band’s life on the road. These appeared on rock Web sites such as ultimate-guitar. com, artistdirect.com, and dailymotion.com. The first single off the album was “Use Me.” Complete with soaring pop-metal hooks, it hit number three on the Mainstream Rock Chart. Another single, the gentle power ballad “Without You,” crossed over to the Pop 100 but failed to rise very far. Other songs on the album included the chest-thumping rocker “Up All Night” and the title track, “Take It to the Limit,” featuring a guest appearance by Mötley Crüe guitarist Mick Mars. In the fall of 2008, Hinder promoted its new album as the headlining act of the Jägermeister Music Tour. Hinder kicked off 2009 accompanying Mötley Crüe on the road, and planned to go to the United Kingdom and Western Europe later in the year. The group was also set to be featured in a series of comic books by Devil’s Due Publishing. Despite their success and devoted fan base, Hinder remained dogged by mainstream critics. Members, however, did not seem to care about the reviews and were not interested in changing their ways to be taken more seriously. They simply want to have a good time. As Hanson remarked to Mark Wedel of the Kalamazoo Gazette, “We’re pretty vocal about what we think rock and roll should be. It should be about a good time. And a lot of bands have forgotten about that, and rock and roll’s been a little bit dark and depressing. We just want to change that.”

Selected discography Far From Close, Brickden Records, 2003. Extreme Behavior, Universal, 2005. Take It to the Limit, Universal, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 1, 2008, pp. 20-23. Huntsville Times (Alabama), November 9, 2006, p. 7G. Kalamazoo Gazette, September 6, 2007. Oklahoman, August 18, 2006, p. 1D. Rolling Stone, October 19, 2006, p. 28. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, January 25, 2007, p. 6 (Get Out). Tulsa World, February 25, 2007, p. H3; March 3, 2007, p. D3; November 23, 2008, p. D3.

Hinder • 79

Online “Austin Winkler-Vocals,” Hinder Official Web site, http://www. hindermusic.com/new/bio-austin (October 27, 2008). “Hinder Biography,” Hinder Official Web site, http://www.hin dermusic.com/new/hinder-biography (October 27, 2008). —Lisa Frick

80 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

S

inger and actress Vanessa Hudgens has been performing in musicals since she was a child. Her world changed overnight in 2006 when the Disney Channel aired the made-for-TV movie musical High School Musical. The soundtrack was the number one album of 2006, and one of the most influential movie musicals of the past decade, and its success continued with a feature film version of High School Musical 3: Senior Year. Hudgens is a bonafide superstar, beauty endorsements and all, with two solo albums and her vocals on the chart-topping soundtracks for the High School Musical trilogy. With a mother who is Filipino, Chinese, and Latina, and a father who is Native American and Irish, Hudgens has an extraordinary and unique style of beauty. Despite an Internet scandal and trying to hide her relationship with her HSM co-star Zac Efron, she has continued to hold her own, with a bright future seemingly ahead.

Vanessa Hudgens

Hudgens began her musical and theatrical debut at the age of eight. As a child she had roles in Evita, Carousel, The Wizard of Oz, The King & I, The Music Man, Cinderella, and Damn Yankees. Born in Selinas, California, Hudgens was raised primarily in San Diego. She had her fair share of TV commercials and small appearances on TV shows as a young teen. In 2003 she had a small role in the powerful independent movie Thirteen. The following year she landed a leading role in the child-aimed feature film Thunderbirds. The Disney company soon scooped up Hudgens to play a lead role in their first made-for-TV movie musical, titled High School Musical. Filmed for less than $5 million, the movie turned out to be a groundbreaking phenomenon, with a soundtrack that was the number one album of 2006. Hudgens played high school student Gabrielle Montez, and her on-screen love interest, Troy Bolton, was played by her now official heartthrob, Zac Efron.

REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni/Landov

Singer, actress

The success of HSM was slow, but soon mushroomed. Disney began re-airing the film, and even with little press to promote it, the soundtrack came out on top of the charts. Six-year-olds to tweens were captured by this fresh style of movie musical. Following her appearance in HSM, Hudgens had a few recurring cameo roles on the Disney shows Drake & Josh and The Suite Life of Zack and Cody. With the popularity and success Hudgens received from HSM, it was inevitable that the squeaky clean Disney girl would make her own solo album for Hollywood Records. In 2006 Hudgens recorded the simply titled V and went on tour with Disneymovie-turned-singing group the Cheetah Girls. The bubbly singer explained why she named her album with a simple letter. “I named it V because it stands for Vanessa,” she confirmed to writer Madison H. Chapman of Time for Kids magazine, “but it also stands for variety because my album, in a way, is a mix. My single (”Come Back To Me“) is like pop and R&B, but on my

Hudgens • 81

For the Record . . .

B

orn on December 14, 1988, in Salinas, California.

Grew up performing in local musicals; filmed her first serious movie role for Thirteen, 2003; filmed leading role in Disney TV movie High School Musical, 2006; signed to Hollywood Records, released solo album, V, 2006; filmed Disney TV movie High School Musical 2, 2007; release sophomore record, Identified, 2008; filmed role in Theatrical Film version of High School Musical 3: Senior Year, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Hollywood Records, 500 S. Buena Vista St., Burbank, CA, 915121. Web site— Vanessa Hudgens Official Web site: http://www. vanessahudgens.silverback.sparkart.net/.

CD there is also pop rock and dance electronic and some ballads. So it’s like a fun mixture of everything.” Disney jumped on the success of the first movie and soundtrack and began filming High School Musical 2 in late 2006. Hudgens’s flawless beauty landed her a role as spokesmodel for Neutrogena in both print and TV advertising. She was also trying to keep her real-life romance with Zac Efron under wraps. With the dancing, singing, and acting in HSM2, and her solo record, Hudgens was intent on proving that she deserved the opportunities now being handed to her. “I do want to do something different in my career and prove to people that I’m not just a pretty face,” she told Seventeen writer Carissa Rosenberg. “I am talented. I think pretty girls in general get a lot of crap in the business because it’s all, ‘You’re too pretty for that part—we need someone who’s grittier.’ But somewhere down the line, I’m going to prove everybody wrong.” As millions of tweens absorbed the news that the lead couple in HSM were also a real-life couple, HSM2 premiered on the Disney Channel on August 17, 2007, to 17 million viewers. One month after the TV movie’s groundbreaking premiere and soundtrack release, nude and provocative photos of Hudgens (a few years younger) appeared on the Internet. Fans wondered if this scandal would force Hudgens out of the wholesome Disney world, but the singer/actress fessed up to the photos and Disney kept her on. “It was something that was meant to be private, and even though it isn’t anymore, I’d still like to keep it as private as I can,” Hudgens confessed to Rosenberg, about the photos. “It was very traumatic, and I am extremely upset it happened.” Hudgens managed to weather the scandal and went on to record her

82 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

second album and to film High School Musical 3: Senior Year in 2008. “When you’re acting, you’re a character and you can hide behind that. Music is who you are right then and there-you can’t hide,” she told CosmoGirl! writer Rachel Chang. “Right now, I don’t know completely who I am, but I’m comfortable in my own skin.” That summer Hollywood released Hudgens’s sophomore solo record, Identified. Critics didn’t expect much from the album, but the hype was there. Billboard writer Kerri Mason wrote, “‘Last Night’ shows such promise. It’s a lightly produced bit of poppy blues in 5/4 time-somewhere between Christina Aguilera’s big-band phase and Bonnie Raitt’s 19-yearold acoustic twang-that Hudgens manages to pull off.” Mason added, “For little girls, this is one nonstop singalong.” Jon Caramanica of the The New York Times found value in Identified, calling the song “Hook it Up” “one of the year’s most effervescent pop songs.” The summer album release was followed by the October theatrical film debut of HSM3 and its subsequent soundtrack. Whether it’s movies or music, Hudgens plans to stay in the entertainment business doing whatever makes her the happiest. “I grew up doing musical theater, so I really started off doing the two together,” she told Time for Kids when asked if she liked singing or acting better. “But, I really started doing my acting more than my singing and recently it has been all about the music. So, I don’t know. I really love both.” Right now, she doesn’t have to choose one over the other.

Selected discography (Contributor) High School Musical (soundtrack), Walt Disney Records, 2006. V, Hollywood Records, 2006. (Contributor) High School Musical 2 (soundtrack), Walt Disney Records, 2007. Identified, Hollywood Records, 2008. (Contributor) High School Musical 3: Senior Year (soundtrack), Walt Disney Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals CosmoGirl!, August 2008. New York Times, June 30, 2008. Seventeen, February 2008. Time for Kids, November 7, 2008.

Online “Vanessa Hudgens,” Billboard.com, http://www.billboard.com /bbcom/content_display/reviews/albums/e3i58d0ae2b422f 1cee08b31ff749acf13c (October 20, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

A

British performer who has taken his stylistic and creative cues from the classic American music of the 1950s and 1960s, James Hunter is one of the most talented vocalists working today. A singer-songwriter and guitarist who blends his love for such R&B legends as Clyde McPhatter and Sam Cooke with the jazzy soul of Ray Charles and Jackie Wilson, he spent two decades as a small club act and record collector favorite until his maturing work began to earn widespread recognition.

James Hunter

Born on October 2, 1962, in Colchester, Essex, England, Hunter was raised in a trailer in the middle of an onion field. Starved for entertainment, he and his family listened to an old Dancette model record player and a collection of 78 rpm records that he inherited from his grandmother at age nine. From the start, young Hunter liked the music that was popular around the time of his birth, tuneful R&B, soul music, jazz, and rockabilly. Among his early favorites and subsequent vocal influences were such American artists as Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, Eddie Cochran, the Drifters, Jackie Wilson, Gene Vincent, Little Walter, and the Motown roster of stars. As a budding guitarist, he deeply admired bluesman Johnny Guitar Watson and Lowman Pauling of the Five Royales.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

YUI MOK/PA Photos/Landov

At the age of 19, Hunter secured work as a railroad laborer through an employment agency, but dreamed of something better. He wryly recalled how he came to set his sights on soul music: “There are varied accounts of how it happened,” he explained to Bullz-Eye. com, “one of which is that I had a colleague on the railway who would keep me informed of the latest reissues and releases. So there were a few kindred spirits in Colchester. And probably because there’s not that much else to do there. If you’ve heard the indigenous English music, that will give you a clue as to how I gravitated to the American stuff.” Teaming up with some local musicians, Hunter would occasionally travel to London and play his smooth blend of blues and R&B on the streets of London. Busking—playing for tips or donations—proved far more lucrative than day labor, so Hunter moved to London in 1986. Playing the streets taught the singerguitarist how to project his voice and work a crowd. Moreover, he developed a small following that encouraged him to take bigger risks. Eventually he assumed the stage name Howling Wilf—a play on American blues legend Howlin’ Wolf—and began securing indoor gigs at pubs, dances, and theaters. After Hunter contacted the prominent English collector’s label Ace Records, company president Ted Carroll put him together with a guitarist named Dot and bassist Tony Hilton. Dubbed Howlin’ Wilf and the Vee Jays (the group name being a tribute to the Chicagobased R&B label that spawned bluesman Jimmy Reed), the band recorded four albums in under two

Hunter • 83

For the Record . . .

B

orn on October 2, 1962, in Colchester, Essex,

England.

Soul/R&B singer/songwriter; began career billed as Howling Wilf and the Vee Jays during the early 1980s; recorded for Big Beat, Waterfront, Jettisoundz and Unamerican, 1986-88; as James Hunter, opened for Bo Diddley and Eddie Kirkland in New York, 1989; toured with Van Morrison, 1991; signed with Ace Records, released …Believe What I Say, 1996; signed with the Germany-based Ruf label, and released Kick It Around, 2001; signed with Go Record in England, distributed by Rounder in U.S., released People Gonna Talk, 2006; signed with Hear Music, released The Hard Way, 2008; has toured with Aretha Franklin, Willie Nelson, and Allan Toussaint, and appeared on Late Night with Conan

a lot of stuff on the road with him,” Hunter told Absolute Elsewhere, “but I never really picked much up until we did a record which he guested on, doing some vocals. I learned a bit about mike technique from him because he has a really strong presence on the mike and is quite consistent—so I poached a few ideas from him on that.” Despite the star power of Morrison and soul legend Doris Troy, …Believe What I Say didn’t provide the type of breakthrough Hunter’s career needed. Plugging away with various versions of the James Hunter Band, he occasionally sang backup on a few of Morrison’s albums, and played whatever solo gigs he could line up. In 2001 Germany’s premier independent blues label Ruf Records signed him to a one-album deal. The result was Kick It Around, a smart blend of ska, Sam Cooke-style R&B, Georgie Fame-influenced jazz, and unforced authentic sounding original tunes. Kick It Around wasn’t a major commercial success, but critics began to take note of Hunter’s free-flowing style and ability.

O’Brien and The Tonight Show Starring Jay Leno. Addresses: Record company—Hear Music/Concord Music Group, 270 North Canon Dr., 1212, Beverly Hills,

CA

90210,

concordmusicgroup.com.

Web

site:

http://www.

Management—Kimberly

Guise, GO Records, e-mail: [email protected].

years, releasing their discs through Big Beat, Waterfront, Jettisoundz, and Unamerican. These early records contained a fair share of Hunter’s original compositions and a generous helping of straight blues, but they were poorly promoted and distributed, and weren’t big sellers. Guitarist Andy Neal was briefly part of the Vee Jays, but after he and Dot left to join Shout Sister Shout, the group dissolved. Hunter went solo under his own name in 1989. Although he and his new band received some worthwhile exposure opening for Bo Diddley and Eddie Kirkland in New York City, little career advancement resulted from the booking. “Obviously,” he told the Ottawa Sun, as posted on the Canoe.ca Web site, “nobody knew about us at the time. But it was such a great opportunity. Was I intimidated to perform there? I’d say I was overwrought, but not intimidated.” A far greater opportunity arose when the legendary Van Morrison, who has been quoted as calling Hunter “one of the best voices, and best kept secrets” in British R&B, took the singer on tour with him. Morrison agreed to perform a guest duet with the younger artist on Hunter’s 1996 solo debut, …Believe What I Say. “I did

84 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

After signing with Go Records in England (distributed by Rounder in the United States), Hunter finally earned his due with the 2006 album People Gonna Talk. Mixing Stax-Volt era soul with danceable blues and snarling guitar rides, the album proved a winner with critics and retro music fans alike. Subsequently, the critically acclaimed disc was nominated for a Grammy for Best Traditional Blues Album. Although he didn’t win, Hunter was philosophical about losing to blues/soul pioneer Ike Turner. “It wasn’t particularly galling to lose to Ike Turner,” he told Bullz-Eye.com, “because if there was no Ike Turner I’d probably never be doing what I’m doing.” Buoyed by the nomination, Hunter and his five-piece band toured with the Queen of Soul herself, Aretha Franklin, which allowed him to pick up many new fans along the way. At a time when Amy Winehouse and Corinne Bailey Rae were garnering worldwide acclaim by drawing from many of the same stylistic sources, Hunter’s audience finally discovered him. More confident than ever, Hunter went back to Liam Watson’s Toe-Rage Studios in London to record The Hard Way. Working with New Orleans R&B great Allen Toussaint, he conjured a self-written set that rocked harder than any of his previous albums. With the horns up-front, his guitar work economical but tough, the sound was danceable, and it supported Hunter’s expressive soul vocals with mid-60s soul-era panache. Released through Hear Music, which services the Starbucks chain of coffee shops, the album quickly became his best seller to date, making Hunter a star in the process. Earlier, the singer—with tongue firmly in cheek—reflected on his newfound fame for the Ottawa Sun article: “I know it’s taken 20 years, but it still seems kind of sudden.”

Selected discography (As Howling Wilf) Cry Wilf!, Big Beat, 1986. (As Howling Wilf) Blue Men Sing the Whites, Waterfront, 1987. (As Howling Wilf) Live Wilf, Jettisoundz, 1987. (As Howling Wilf) Howling Wilf and the Vee Jays, Unamerican, 1988,. …Believe What I Say, Ace, 1994. Kick It Around, Ruf, 2001. People Gonna Talk, Go Records/Rounder, 2006. The Hard Way, Hear Music/Universal, 2008,.

Sources Online “About James Hunter,” Concord Music Group, http://www. concordmusicgroup.com/artists/James-Hunter/,

(December 12, 2008). “A Chat with James Hunter,” Bullz-Eye.com, http://www.bullzeye.com/music/interviews/2008/james_hunter.htm, (December 12, 2008). “Howlin’ Wilf,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (December 18, 2008). “James Hunter,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (December 12, 2008). “James Hunter,” Blues In London.com, http://www.bluesin london.com/interviews/int_hunter.html, (December 18, 2008). “James Hunter Interviewed: The hard way to the top (2008),” Absolute Elsewhere, http://www.elsewhere.co,nz/absolute elsewhere/1670/james-hunter-interviewed-the-hard-wayto-the-top, (December 12, 2008). “James Hunter’s found his audience,” Canoe.ca, http://www. jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/H?Hunter_James/2006/11/15/ pf-2364820.html, (November 13, 2008). —Ken Burke

Hunter • 85

H

is slick image onstage and unabashed charm offstage have propelled Ja Rule to the forefront of rap, beginning with the release of his first solo album, Venni, Vetti, Vecci, in 1999. The East Coast rapper with big dreams and an unmistakable pout delivered heartwrenching songs in a deep and throaty voice that belied his five-foot, six-inch stature. The intensely emotive quality of Ja Rule’s work has positioned him squarely in the spotlight as one of the modern music industry’s hottest commodities—not only as a hip-hop artist, but also as an R&B composer. Since his emergence in 1995, he has carved a niche for himself as a singer, actor, and songwriter. Many of his projects, whether recordings or musical compositions, have topped the charts.

Ja Rule

Ja Rule was born Jeffrey Atkins on February 29, 1976, in the Hollis district of Queens, New York, the only child of Debra Atkins. According to his mother, Ja Rule’s potential as an entertainer was first manifest in a grade school presentation of Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, in which young Atkins stole the show with his performance as Ebenezer Scrooge. By the time he finished high school, Ja Rule was determined to become a recording artist.

Rap musician, songwriter

In his first recorded work, Ja Rule made a low-profile guest appearance on a Mic Geronimo single called “Time to Build.” The recording impressed TVT record executives and they signed him and a group of his associates, known as the Cash Money Click. Under TVT management, the musicians completed a single, “Get the Fortune,” by the year’s end. The release gave Ja Rule some exposure, and he went on to contribute a cameo on Jay-Z’s wildly successful “Can I Get A.” Ja Rule was later heard on the Streets Is Watching and Belly soundtracks. Began Solo Career

UPN/Landov

Ja Rule released his first full-length solo effort, Venni, Vetti, Vecci, in 1999 under a new contract with Def Jam Records. Although the album’s official release was upstaged by the appearance of an unauthorized street version several days ahead of schedule, the subsequent legitimate version debuted at number three on the Billboard Top 200 chart. The bootleg recording hit number 57 on the R&B chart. Among the album’s highlights was the hit single “Holla Holla,” and a collaborative effort featuring Jay-Z and DMX called “It’s Murda.”

86 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Within a week of its official release, the legitimate album was number one on the R&B chart. The album went platinum by the end of the calendar year, making Ja Rule a major hip-hop star at the age of 23 and paving the way for a second solo album, Rule 3:36, late in 2000. Ja Rule, working with producer Irv Gotti, successfully launched three hit singles from the album: “Between Me and You,” “Put It on Me,” and “I Cry.” The popularity of these songs, including a video version of

For the Record . . .

B

orn Jeffrey Atkins on February 29, 1976, in New

York, NY; son of Debra Atkins; married Aisha

Murray; children: Britney, Jeffrey “L’il Rule” Jr. Recorded with Mic Geronimo and Shawn “Jay-Z” Carter; member of the Cash Money Click; signed with TVT Records, 1995; signed with Def Jam, 1998; released debut solo album, Venni, Vetti, Vecci, 1999; released follow-up album, Rule 3:36, 2000; released Pain Is Love, 2001; leader of the Murderers and Murda Inc.; released Blood in My Eye, 2003; released R.U.L. E., 2004; released The Mirror, 2007; founded Rule Global Media, 2007. Awards: Vibe magazine, Solo Artist of the Year, 2001. Addresses: Record company—Def Jam Records, Universal Music Group, 100 Universal City Plaza, Universal City, CA 91608. Web site—Ja Rule Official Web site: http://www.defjam.com/jarule.

“Put It on Me,” helped spur sales of the album, which went platinum three times over by the end of 2001. In between these two solo efforts, Ja Rule and his group “The Murderers”—artists Black Child, O-1, Vita, and Tah Murdah—produced Irv Gotti Presents the Murderers. The album, originally scheduled for release in January of 2000, was delayed for nearly three months because its controversial lyrics defamed police and homosexuals. On March 24, 2000, three days after the recording was released, Ja Rule and a group of his colleagues were involved in a stabbing incident at the Hit Factory, a recording studio in New York City. The details of the incident were blurry, and both Ja Rule and the Def Jam record label refused to comment on the situation; some observers speculated that the skirmish may have been a publicity stunt coordinated to coincide with the release of the Murderers album. Gathered Gold and Platinum Early in October of 2001, Ja Rule released a third album, Pain Is Love (named for his tattoo), which sold 360,000 units during its first week on the charts. The numbers added up to a debut at number one, the second chart-topping debut for Ja Rule in just under 12 months. During the second week of release, the album sold an additional 221,000 copies, earning it gold cer-

tification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Within a month, Pain Is Love was certified platinum, with over one million units sold. On the album’s promotional tour, launched in late September of 2001, critics hailed Ja Rule and his wellearned success. ABC News online dubbed him “the undisputed King of the street anthem.” Others also rated Ja Rule’s work highly, including Entertainment Weekly’s David Browne, who applauded Ja Rule’s “blunt precision” in expressing the depraved imagery characteristic of rap. In 2003 Ja Rule released Blood in My Eye. The album came out after many critics, particularly other rappers, had accused Ja Rule of selling out and creating rap that was too pop, too easy, too commercial. The album, intended to be an answer to these critics, had a tougher, more “gangsta” feel, yet as a reviewer commented in All Music Guide, Ja Rule was “no match” for the truly gangsta rappers: “He’s much better as a singles artist, making catchy pop-rap tracks with grimy posturing and singalong hooks.” Blood in My Eye was followed by R.U.L.E., which was a poor seller. In contrast to the 3.6 million copies sold of Pain Is Love, R.U.L.E. only sold 658,000 in the three years after its release. In 2007 Ja Rule released The Mirror. He told Gail Mitchell in Billboard that the album reflected the turbulent period of the preceding years, when he became embroiled in a public feud with another rapper, 50 Cent. He said, “It wasn’t really a beef, just something he was doing on record. It didn’t phase me except when the public reacted. Then it was like, ‘I’ve got to talk back.’” Rule told Mitchell that after this album, he planned to shift to “player-coach mode,” and spend his time working on his new company, Rule Global Media, managing other artists, pursuing film ventures, and even working on a line of clothing. Composed for Films, Other Artists Ja Rule’s naturally photogenic appearance and camera-friendly demeanor soon led to film roles. He appeared with Pras (of Fugees fame) in Turn It Up (2000), and as street racer Edwin Bishop in director Bob Cohen’s 2001 feature The Fast and the Furious. A self-professed workaholic, Ja Rule also contributed songs to both of these films, as well as 1998’s Rush Hour, 2001’s Rush Hour 2, and State Property. He performed his first R&B composition, “If We,” with singer Mariah Carey and Nate Dogg, on Carey’s Glitter album in 2001. Ja Rule, who has also written for Brandy, Shorty 101, Mary J. Blige, and TLC, arranged both music and lyrics for “I’m Real,” a duet he recorded with Latina hip-hop diva Jennifer Lopez. The song topped Billboard’s Hot 100 Singles in September of 2001.

Ja Rule • 87

Among his early regrets, Ja Rule admitted in Vibe, was his failure to secure publication rights to the songs that he wrote for his first two albums, an oversight that allowed TVT Records to retain ownership of the works. He learned from the costly mistake, however, and thereafter published his own compositions under the name of Slavery Music. “It’s a beautiful thing to own your own publishing. Not a lot of rappers can say that,” declared Ja Rule.

Rule 3:36, Def Jam, 2000. Pain Is Love, Murder Inc./Def Jam, 2001. Blood in My Eye, Murder Inc./Def Jam, 2003. R.U.L.E., Def Jam, 2004. The Mirror, Def Jam, 2007.

Sources Periodicals

The Real Jeff Atkins Under the legal name of Jeff Atkins, the singer-turnedactor and composer makes his home in New Jersey. He and his wife, Aisha (Murray) Atkins, who were high school sweethearts, have two children: daughter Britney and a son, Jeffrey Jr. His role as an involved husband and father is a natural counter to the grit and violence of his music. When Ja Rule was named Vibe magazine’s Solo Artist of the Year in 2001, he admitted in an interview with Lola Ogunnaike that he had sold drugs as a youth and continued to use marijuana. In 2004 Ja Rule got into a fight in a Toronto bar after being called a “wanksta,” or “wanna-be gangster.” The assault trial resulting from this took place in 2005. On his lawyer’s advice, Ja Rule pled guilty to a lesser charge and paid a $1,500 fine. He had another skirmish with the law in 2007, when he was charged with possessing a loaded .40 caliber handgun in his vehicle. He was released from Manhattan Criminal Court after spending a night in jail and posting $150,000 bail. He put up his house as collateral for the bail.

Selected discography Venni, Vetti, Vecci, Def Jam, 1999. (With others) Irv Gotti Presents the Murders, Murder Inc./Def Jam, 1999.

88 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Billboard, June 19, 1999, p. 21; January 28, 2006, p. 24; August 18, 2007, p. 57; October 13, 2007, p. 66. Entertainment Weekly, October 12, 2001, p. 86; December 21, 2001, p. 57. Jet, July 16, 2001, p. 36. New York Post, July 24, 2007, p. 9. Record (Bergen County, NJ), February 28, 2008, p. A4. Toronto Life, May 2005, p. 25. Vibe, January 2002, p. 86.

Online “Ja Rule Blood in My Eye,” Guardian, http://www.guardian. co.uk/music/2003/nov/07/popandrock.shopping6 (November 25, 2008). “Ja Rule Expanding His Resume to Include Songwriting,” Yahoo! Music, http://www.music.yahoo.com/music/news/ launch/story.ht…20/2/p1&b’n/music/news/launch/urban/20 010920/2/p2 (December 26, 2001). “Ja Rule, Murderers, and Fifty Cent Involved in Stabbing,” Yahoo! Music, http://www.urban.yahoo.com/urban/music news/launch/…html?s’n/launch/urban/news/20000324/20 000324002 (December 26, 2001). “Nominees Bios: Ja Rule,” ABC News, http://www.abc.go. com/primetime/specials/rma/bios/Ja_Rule_song2.html (December 26, 2001). “Review Blood in My Eye,”AllMusic, http://www.allmusic.com/ cg/amg.dll?p=amg&uid=UIDMISS70311102142403183& sql=Aehu36j737190 (November 25, 2008). —Gloria Cooksey and Kelly Winters

A

lthough she was born and raised in Cardiff, Wales, singer/songwriter Jem never learned how to speak the Welsh language. With the ethereal, beat-laden pop songs she makes, it would be hard to say exactly where she came from. After working in the United Kingdom for years behind the scenes of the music industry, Jem lived in Los Angeles, London, and Charlottesville, Virginia, at different times in her recording career. After years being behind the control board, working with hip-hop producers and collecting a songwriting credit on a Madonna track, Jem stepped up with her first solo album in 2004, and followed four years later with 2008’s Down to Earth. Rolling Stone writer Steve Baltin wrote that Jem “blends pop, electronic, and hip-hop into an easy-to-digest soundscape.”

Jem

Before she began her recording career, Jem Griffiths earned a law degree from the University of Sussex, in Brighton, England. She came from a family of musically adept children; her brother and sister are in the punk/ hip-hop group Weapons of Mass Belief. After acting as a talent scout for record labels and DJs, and even spinning the decks herself, Jem dropped her last name, and a new singer/songwriter emerged. She had been writing songs since she was an early teen. “I always knew I was going to be a singer, always,” Jem admitted to MVRemix. “I rely heavily on my instincts. I knew I’d do it, but then I kind of put it to the back of my mind.” By 2000, Jem was determined to get her own music heard. She spent a few tough years writing and recording demos, shipping them to every label and producer, or to anyone who might take an interest.

Singer, songwriter

Mark Mainz/Getty Images

In 2002, on a visit to Los Angeles, Jem dropped off a demo of her song “Finally Woken” to the iconic California independent radio station KCRW. Nic Harcourt, the well-respected DJ of the indie-important show “Morning Becomes Eclectic,” started playing Jem’s demo as soon as he received it. Record companies often listen to Harcourt’s shows for new artists to sign. One such listener was Bruce Flohr, an A&R rep for RCA. Flohr was wowed by “Finally Woken,” and wanted to meet with Jem. They met after Flohr had left RCA to work for Dave Matthews’s label, ATO Records, in Charlottesville, Virginia. ATO, home to a like-minded artist named David Gray, was a perfect fit for Jem. “Jem is one of those artists, and ‘Finally Woken’ is one of those records, that no matter who you are or where you are the music touches you,” Flohr stated in an interview with Courteney Stuart that appeared in The Hook. Jem worked with producer Guy Sigsworth, known for his work with Bjork and Alanis Morissette, who cowrote “Nothing Fails” for Madonna’s 2003 album American Life. ATO Records signed Jem and released her first studio recording, the five-track EP It All Starts Here, in September of 2003. In her interview with MVRemix, Jem talked about how she found inspiration for her music, a mix of trip-hop (think soft rhythms and tranquilizing beats), and dance pop. “It comes from an emotion,” she said. “Like sitting on the tube and feeling

Jem • 89

For the Record . . .

B

orn in Cardiff, Wales. Education: University of

Essex, law degree, 1996.

Signed to ATO Records, 2003; released EP It All Starts Here; released full-length Finally Woken, 2004; Down to Earth, 2008. Addresses: Record company—ATO Records, 44 Wall St., 23rd Fl., New York, NY 10005. Web site—ATO Records Official Web site: http://www.atorecords.com. Web site—Jem Official Web site: http://www.jemmusic.net/.

really happy or gutted or whatever. That could turn into something if I had a melody mucking around. Or if I hadn’t got a melody, I might come up with one for that. …Generally, I kind of just observe what’s going on.” After the release of her EP, Jem did some dates opening for the Dave Matthews Band, as well as appearing at summer festival after summer festival. At the time, she was living in Virginia, far from Wales. In 2004, however, she relocated to Los Angeles, where more music opportunities were just waiting to be explored. In March of 2004 she released her first full-length album, Finally Woken. The album sold 6,000 copies its first week, and was up to 11,000 by week two. Not many unknown artists without any MTV time or with little radio play could say the same. “Jem’s first fulllength CD shows why she has the buzz to go along with her celestial voice and cool trip-hop beats,” wrote Chuck Arnold in People. “Her disc plays like a groovy mix tape, with atmospheric electronica, chilled-out hiphop, lilting reggae and kitschy pop.” The album received good reviews, but almost always Jem found herself being compared to two other female singers. “It’s funny, because I’m a girl and I’m from England, there are a lot of Beth Orton and Dido comparisons,” she told Baltin. “Personally, I can see the vocal comparisons, but musically I’m nothing like that.” In an unusual turn, ATO Records and Jem licensed every track from Finally Woken. Being labeled a sellout wasn’t any concern to Jem; the licensing deal meant endless opportunities for her music to reach the widest audiences possible. “I think it used to be sort of a dodgy thing to do,” she told Corey Moss of MTV.com, about licensing the record. “I don’t want my music on like a dodgy food ad or something, but I think that I’m really flattered and its catch is huge. I did write the album to be heard.” Jem’s soft and alluring songs were picked

90 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

up by several TV shows, which placed her music in perfect TV moments. Hearing Jem’s voice during shows like Six Feet Under, The O.C., Desperate Housewives, and Grey’s Anatomy could only bring more record sales and opportunities Jem’s way. After the release of Finally Woken and endless touring, Jem used her time wisely in between albums. For her sophomore record, she recorded in both Los Angeles and Detroit. In Detroit she worked with Jeff Bass, a Detroit music legend who helped make Eminem famous. In Los Angeles, Jem worked with Lester Mendez, whose previous credits included working with Nelly Furtado and Shakira. A number of musicians and beat makers helped Jem work out her sophomore album, which was a mélange of people, sounds, and ideas. This variety often made it hard for ATO to market Jem because of her varying sounds. As Jem said on the ATO Web site, it doesn’t bother her. “Part of what I love about music is, because I’m not trained in a certain way, I don’t have worries about can you do this or that. I just go for sounds.” Down to Earth hit stores in 2008. “She layers airy, tightly harmonized vocal hooks over slick synths, strummy guitars, and booming hip-hop beats,” wrote Mikael Wood in the Boston Phoenix, “and the songs broadcast their emotional content—anxiety, melancholy, resilience—with a straightforwardness you rarely hear outside children’s music.”

Selected discography It All Starts Here, ATO Records, 2003. Finally Woken, ATO Records, 2004. Down to Earth, ATO Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Boston Phoenix, September 23, 2008. The Hook, April 22, 2004. People, April 26, 2004.

Online “Jem,” ATO Records, http://www.atorecords.com (October 25, 2008). “Jem,” MVRemix,http://www.mvremix.com/urban/interviews/ jem2.shtml (October 25, 2008). “Jem ‘Finally’ Makes It,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rolling stone.com/news/story/5937364/jem_finally_makes_it (October 25, 2008). “Moby-Style Promotion Works for Inescapable Jem,” MTV. com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1513703/200511 14/jem_rock_.jhtml (October 25, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

W

Waylon Jennings Singer, songwriter, guitarist

aylon Jennings, the quintessential Outlaw of country music, forged a distinctive cross between, folk, rock, and honky tonk. For years, Jennings chafed under the restraints imposed on his music by Nashville producers and record labels, but when at last he was given creative control of his work, his art began to achieve its early promise and his popularity soared. Newsweek contributor Maureen Orth credited Jennings with bringing “a new sophistication to country music and a welcome blast of country air to rock,” noting that the singer “can make his music sound both pure country honest and stone-rock funky.” During his peak years, Jennings managed simultaneously to return country to its roots and revolutionize its beat and pitch. He turned his back on the weepy strings and session orchestration most closely associated with modern country music, producing instead the exciting, gritty sound that came to be the trademark of the Outlaw movement. “Maybe that’s what has all these citified hippies so excited,” wrote Melvin Shestack in The Country Music Encyclopedia, “the fact that here’s a big, mean-looking man with a band that could easily be a group of rock-and-rollers with their long hair and electric guitars, and they’re playing music that has as much rhythmic guts as you could wish for.

AP Images

Jennings • 91

For the Record . . .

B

orn Waylon Arnold Jennings, on June 15, 1937, in

Littlefield, TX; died on February 13, 2002, in

Chandler, AZ; son of a truck driver; married fourth wife, Jessi Colter (a singer), c. 1973; children: Buddy, Deana, Julie Rae, and (fourth marriage) Waylon Albright, a.k.a. Shooter Jennings. Education: Earned high school equivalency diploma, 1990. Disc jockey in Littlefield, TX, and Lubbock, TX, c. 195058; singer and guitar player, 1957-2002; played bass for Buddy Holly, 1958-59; recorded for Brunswick Records, 1959; formed band the Waylors in in Phoenix, AZ, and recorded for Trend label, 1961-63; recorded briefly for A&M Records, 1963; signed with RCA Records, 1965, moved to Nashville, had first number one single, “Only Daddy That’ll Walk the Line,” 1968; became associated with the “Outlaw” movement in country music, 1972; had first platinum album (with Willie Nelson, Jessi Colter, and Tompall Glaser), Wanted–The Outlaws, 1976; provided voice of the narrator for television series The Dukes of Hazzard, 1979-85; signed with MCA, 1985; formed country music supergroup The Highwaymen

… It’s country music, no mistake, and do they ever love it to death. It’s genuine, no frills, no slickness, no pretensions. Just hard-hitting, hard-living country soul.” Jennings, who claimed to have both Cherokee and Comanche ancestry, was born and raised in Littlefield, Texas. His father worked a succession of jobs from cotton farming to truck driving, and the Jennings family had little extra cash. Waylon himself began to pick cotton while still a youngster, but his heart was in music. As a child he immersed himself in the works of such country greats as Ernest Tubb and Hank Williams, and then he discovered pop music and its nascent rock & roll beat. A performer from an early age, he saw singing as the only escape from a life of drudgery in the cotton fields. By the time he turned 14, Jennings was a familiar sight in talent shows in his region, playing guitar and singing country or pop tunes. He dropped out of high school for a full-time job with the Littlefield radio station, where he spun discs and performed with his own band, the Texas Longhorns. In 1958 he took a job at KDAV in Lubbock, Texas, and there he met a young entertainer named Buddy Holly. Holly had already achieved national stardom with such seminal rock hits as “That’ll Be the Day,” “Peggy Sue,” and “Oh Boy.” The Lubbock star took an interest in the youngster, and produced Jennings’s first recordings for Brunswick, “Jole Blon” and “When Sin Stops.”

with Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, and Kris Kristofferson, 1985; switched to Epic Records, 1990; recorded for

Performed With Buddy Holly

Justice Records and co-authored Waylon—An Autobi-

At the time, Holly was estranged from his band the Crickets, and hired Jennings and guitarist Tommy Allsup to play in a makeshift version of the band on a winter tour that also featured Ritchie Valens, the Big Bopper, and Dion. Playing bass, Jennings would have died in the plane crash that claimed Holly’s life if he had not offered his seat that night to J. P. Richardson (The Big Bopper).

ography, 1996; recorded as the Old Dogs with Bobby Bare, Jerry Reed, and Mel Tillis for Atlantic, 1998; posthumous album released with his son Shooter Jennings, 2008. Awards: Grammy Award (with the Kimberleys) for Best Country Performance By a Duo or Group with Vocal, for “MacArthur Park,” 1969; numerous citations for country music performances, including male vocalist of the year from the Country Music Association, 1975; duo of the year (with Nelson) and single of the year from the Country Music Association, both 1976; Grammy Award (with Willie Nelson)for Best Country Performance By a Duo or Group with Vocal, for “Mamas Don’t Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys,” 1978; inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame, 2001; Cliffie Stone Pioneer Award, Academy of Country Music, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Vagrant Records, 2118 Wilshire Blvd. Ⲇ361, Santa Monica, CA 90403. Web site—Waylon Jennings Official Web site: http://www. waylon.com.

92 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Holly’s untimely death was extremely traumatic for Jennings, who had established a genuine rapport with the star. For a time after the crash Jennings quit the music business and returned to radio announcing. Then, in the early 1960s, he moved to Phoenix, Arizona, and formed a new band. Waylon Jennings and the Waylors were soon regular performers at J.D.’s, a large club that drew its audience from every walk of life. There Jennings played rock and pop with a country flavor, as well as country in an up-tempo rock style. His singles recorded for the local Trend label secured solid local airplay. Before long, his reputation transcended the bounds of Phoenix and drew talent scouts from Los Angeles and Nashville. Initially, Jennings chose to record for Herb Alpert’s A&M label, but after the overproduced singles languished, the singer-songwriter asked for his outright release from the label. In 1965 legendary producer, guitarist, and A&R man Chet Atkins persuaded Jennings to sign a contract with

the RCA label. Jennings then moved to Nashville, where he took bachelor quarters with Johnny Cash. Shestack wrote: “The following two years might well go down in history as the most spectacular era in the fine arts of door smashing, house wrecking, and general craziness.” Jennings’s career took off with albums such as Love of the Common People and The One and Only Waylon Jennings, and his reputation for hard-drinking rowdiness followed suit. He became a member of the Grand Ole Opry, starred in the film Nashville Rebel, and generally began to cultivate a maverick personality. Working with Atkins, he hit the country top ten with such twang-laden singles as “(That’s What You Get) For Lovin’ Me,” “The Chokin’ Kind,” and “Brown Eyed Handsome Man.” Working with the Kimberlys, he even recast Richard Harris’s 1968 hit “MacArthur Park” into a Grammy-winning country single. Despite consistent chart success, Jennings was dissatisfied with Nashville production methods and the lack of personal feel in his recordings. Embraced “Outlaw” Image According to Bill C. Malone in Country Music U.S.A., Jennings’s artistic independence, lifestyle, and personality all contributed to the “Outlaw” label he attracted as the 1970s began. Still, Malone noted, “It is clear that the Outlaw phenomenon was largely a product of promotional hype, and most of it independent of Jennings himself.” Whatever the case, Jennings embraced the Outlaw concept wholeheartedly, and proceeded to turn it to his use as an artist. In 1972 he hired Neil Reshen, a New York-based manager who helped his client win more control over the content of his albums. Almost overnight, the well-groomed and gaudily attired Jennings became the long-haired, leather-clad rebel rocker he is today. With the collaboration of friends such as Willie Nelson, Kris Kristofferson, Tompall Glaser, and producer Jack Clement, he “elevated country record production from cheap pap to soul art,” to quote New Times contributor Patrick Carr. Jennings was amazed at the critical and commercial reception for his new work, which included such iconic hit singles as “Good Hearted Woman,” “I’m a Ramblin’ Man,” “Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way,” and “I’ve Always Been Crazy.” Recording with longtime friend Nelson, he laid down the ultimate country album Mammas Don’t Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys. Yet his newfound appeal extended beyond country radio. His 1976 release Wanted! The Outlaws, an ensemble package with his wife, Jessi Colter, Nelson, and Glaser, was the first country album ever to go platinum in sales. He was showered with awards from the Country Music Association and was in demand as never before for his live performances. Gradually, however, the down side of the Outlaw image began to take its toll. Jennings had long struggled with drug and alcohol abuse, but another drug—cocaine—almost claimed his life.

Late in 1984, Jennings told People that he was saved from cocaine addiction by his old friend Johnny Cash, himself a substance abuser. Jennings quit drugs cold turkey, and cut down on the extensive touring that had contributed to his habit. Malone wrote: “Despite the hype surrounding the Outlaws, they did make a healthy challenge to Nashville’s homogenization. And while they drew freely from other forms of music, such as rock, they also remained respectful of their own and country music’s roots.” He added, “While drawing upon a diverse array of musical sources and reaching out to new audiences, they did more to preserve a distinct identity for country music than most of their contemporaries who wore the ‘country’ label.” During this period, Jennings also earned a measure of pop culture fame by serving as narrator for the hit television series The Dukes of Hazzard, and recording the program’s theme, which earned him a gold record in 1980. Blessed with a finely tuned sense of humor, he also spoofed himself on such cartoon shows as The Angry Beavers and Family Guy. When not touring or recording, he also took on acting roles in movies and network television shows. Continued to Score Hits As the Outlaw Movement gave way to the “urban cowboy” trend and later the neotraditionalist movement of the 1980s, Jennings continued to score solid hit singles. Whether recording as a solo act, with Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, and wife Jessie Colter, or as part of the country supergroup the Highwaymen—featuring Cash, Nelson, and singer-songwriter Kris Kristofferson—Jennings racked up 89 top 40 country singles. As diabetes began to take a serious toll on his day-to-day health, he cut back on touring, quitting completely in 1997. He devoted himself to special projects such as his 1998 albums with fellow aging country superstars Bobby Bare, Jerry Reed, and Mel Tillis, titled Old Dogs. During the 1990s, Jennings tried to make amends for some of his early wild behavior, and belatedly earned his high school equivalency diploma. However, ill health bogged down his final days, and he died on February 13, 2002, in Chandler, Arizona. In subsequent years, Sony/BMG honored his memory with numerous reissues. Meanwhile, his son Waylon Albright, better known as Shooter Jennings, began carving out a country rock career of his own. Moreover, the youngster made sure that an album the senior Jennings cut with Shooter’s band, the .357’s, saw release in 2008. A mix of old songs, new material, and surprising covers was issued by the indie-rock label Vagrant Records, and simply titled Waylon Forever. Although filled with raving electric guitars and hard rock accents, the album still resonated with Jennings’s earnest country sound. Much earlier, Jennings described his distinctive style this way, as quoted in The Country Music Encyclo-

Jennings • 93

pedia. “I couldn’t go pop with a mouthful of firecrackers,” he said. “I’m a country boy; I’m a hillbilly. … They talk about the Nashville Sound, y’know. My music ain’t no Nashville Sound. It’s my kind of country. It’s not Western. It’s Waylon.” Truer words were never spoken.

Selected discography Waylon Jennings at J.D.’s, Sound Limited, 1964. Folk Country, RCA, 1965. Leavin’ Town, RCA, 1966. Nashville Rebel, RCA, 1966. Waylon Jennings Sings Ol’ Harlan, RCA, 1966. Love of the Common People, RCA, 1967. The One and Only Waylon Jennings, RCA, 1967. Hankin’ On, RCA, 1968. Only the Greatest, RCA, 1968. Jewels, RCA, 1969. Country Folk: Waylon and the Kimberleys, RCA, 1969. Just To Satisfy You, RCA, 1969. Waylon Jennings, Vocalion, 1969. Don’t Think Twice, A&M, 1969. Best of Waylon Jennings, RCA, 1970. Waylon, RCA, 1970. Singer of Sad Songs, RCA, 1970. The Country Style of Waylon Jennings, A&M, 1970. The Taker, RCA, 1970. Cedartown, Georgia, RCA, 1970. Ladies Love Outlaws, RCA, 1971. Good Hearted Woman, RCA, 1972. Heartaches by the Number, RCA, 1972. Lonesome, On’ry, and Mean, RCA, 1972. The Taker/Tulsa, RCA, 1972. Honky Tonk Heroes, RCA, 1973. Ruby, Don’t Take Your Love to Town, RCA, 1973. This Time, RCA, 1974. Ramblin’ Man, RCA, 1974. Ned Kelly, United Artists, 1975. Dreaming My Dreams, RCA, 1975. (With Jessi Colter, Willie Nelson, and Tompall Glaser) Wanted! The Outlaws, RCA, 1976. Are You Ready for the Country?, RCA, 1976. Waylon Jennings Live, RCA, 1976. Mackintosh & TJ, RCA, 1976. Hits of Waylon Jennings, RCA, 1977. Ol’ Waylon, RCA, 1977. (With Willie Nelson) Waylon & Willie, RCA, 1978. I’ve Always Been Crazy, RCA, 1978. Music Man, RCA, 1980. WWII, RCA, 1982. It’s Only Rock ‘N’ Roll, RCA, 1983. Waylon and Company, RCA, 1983. Never Could Toe the Mark, RCA, 1984. Turn the Page, RCA, 1985. Collector’s Series, RCA, 1985. Will the Wolf Survive, MCA, 1986. A Couple More Years, RCA, 1986. Sweet Mother Texas, RCA, 1986. Waylon!, RCA, 1986. (With Johnny Cash) Heroes, Columbia, 1986. Hangin’ Tough, MCA, 1987. The Best of Waylon, RCA, 1987. (With Nelson) Take It to the Limit, CBS, 1987. Full Circle, MCA, 1988.

94 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

A Man Called Hoss, MCA, 1988. Waylon Jennings: The Early Years (1965-1968), RCA, 1989. New Classic Waylon, MCA, 1989. (With Nelson, Cash, and Kris Kristofferson, a.k.a. the Highwaymen) Highwayman, Columbia. (With Nelson, Cash, and Kristofferson, a.k.a. the Highwaymen) Highwayman II, Columbia, 1990. The Eagle, Epic, 1990. My Rough & Rowdy Days, MCA, 1990. Clean Shirt, Epic, 1991. Too Dumb for New York, Too Ugly for L.A., Epic, 1992. Ol’ Waylon Sings Ol’ Hank, WJ Records, 1992. Waymore’s Blues, Part 2, RCA, 1994. Pancho, Lefty and Rudolph, Sony, 1995. (With Nelson, Cash, and Kristofferson, a.k.a. the Highwaymen) The Road Goes on Forever, Liberty, 1995. Right for the Time, Justice, 1996. Cowboys, Sisters, Rascals & Dirt, RCA, 1998. (With Bobby Bare, Jerry Reed, and Mel Tillis, a.k.a. the Old Dogs) Old Dogs, Vols. 1 & 2, Atlantic, 1998. Closing in On the Fire, Ark, 1998. Never Say Die: Live, Columbia, 1986; reissued with bonus tracks, 2007. Live from Austin, TX, New West, 2006. (With Shooter Jennings) Waylon Forever, Vagrant, 2008.

Sources Books The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Country Music, Harmony, 1977. Jennings, Waylon, with Lenny Kaye, Waylon—An Autobiography, Warner Books, 1996. Malone, Bill C., Country Music U.S.A., revised edition, University of Texas Press, 1985. Shestack, Melvin, The Country Music Encyclopedia, Crowell, 1974. Stambler, Irwin, and Grelun Landon, The Encyclopedia of Folk, Country, and Western Music, St. Martin’s, 1969.

Periodicals After Dark, March 31, 1973. Country Music, April 1981. Cue, February 24, 1975. Newsday, January 22, 1978. Newsweek, August 26, 1974. New Times, February 20, 1978. New York Daily News, May 31, 1981. Penthouse, September 1981. People, October 22, 1984. Stereo Review, August 1983.

Online “Waylon Jennings,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com, (December 8, 2008, 2008). “Waylon Jennings,” Country Music Hall of Fame, http://www. countrymusichalloffame.come/site/inductees,aspx?cid= 131, (December 9, 2008). “Waylon Jennings,” Internet Movie Database, http://www. imdb.com, (December 8, 2008).

“Waylon Jennings,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone. com/artists/waylonjennings/albums/slabums/23506888/re view/2358, (December 3, 2008). “Waylon Jennings & the .357’s,” Vagrant Records, http:// www.vagrant.com/artist/index/41, (December 3, 2008). “Waylon Lives on Through Shooter,” Rolling Stone, http:// www.rollingstone.com/news/story/9499642/waylon_lives_ on_through_shooter/print, (December 3, 2008). Waylon Jennings Offical Web site, http://www.waylon.com, (December 8, 2008). —Anne Janette Johnson and Ken Burke

Jennings • 95

landed on the right person’s desk, and it became single of the week. That got a lot of attention and we had a load of major labels chasing us.”

Ladytron Electronica-rock group

E

lectronica pop band Ladytron are known almost as much for their hipster futuristic synth music as they are for their sculpted haircuts and fashion sense. Although the band was formed in Liverpool, England, in 1998, some of the fashionable foursome come from various Eastern European countries, giving the band an even edgier vibe. Jude Rogers of the London Guardian wrote that Ladytron were “making pop music primed for the space age.” Using analog synthesizers both vintage and new, the band has relied on keyboards, samples, and machines rather than actual instruments (although they’ve incorporated some at live shows and on albums). Ladytron have always seemed too “hip” to be authentic, too electronica to be a rock band or rave, and too synth-heavy to be a pop band. Throughout their ten-year career, they have pushed against barriers one keyboard sample at a time. As DJs, producers, programmers, synth players, keyboardists, and songwriters, Daniel Hunt and Reuben Woo, both from England, connected in the late 1990s. In 1998 they joined together with singers Mira Aroyo (originally from Bulgaria) and Helen Marnie (from Scotland). “He Took Her to a Movie,” the first track the band recorded and released, was picked up and hailed as a single of the week and the best new thing by British music magazine NME. The rave review resulted in positive press for the band, and Ladytron swiftly put out another song, titled “Playgirl.” Hunt told Alexander Laurence of Free Williamsburg that “He Took Her to a Movie” had been around for a while before anyone picked up on it. “It was sitting on the shelves for six months and it was re-promoted,” Hunt said. “Then it

96 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Instead of going with any of those major labels, Ladytron signed to California independent label Emperor Norton. In the summer of 2000, Ladytron released the EP Commodore Rock, and the band toured in various countries, both on and off the usual rock tour schedules of other bands. For their live shows, each band member had a keyboard, and all members were dressed in strikingly similar fashion, with two additional musicians in the background. That year, Hunt began writing songs for Ladytron’s upcoming full-length album. For that album, 2001’s 604, the songs were primarily written by Hunt. The following year brought Light & Magic, which Music Week called “poised and poignant.” Rogers agreed that the band was “gorgeously sharp, modern and strange, reminding listeners of 1980s synthpop, shoegazing, the 90s electronica of Warp records and the likes of Stereolab, Broadcast and Air.” The Emperor Norton label was bought out by Rykodisc in late 2002. Most bands were dropped, but Ladytron were kept on, albeit with little help from the label. “We weren’t happy, but we thought, ‘Ah, how bad can it get?’ Then we were told no money would be spent on the album,” Hunt told Rogers. “They didn’t organize any interviews for us, and for a long while, the only way of getting the record was to download it.” So the band went on tour from country to country for almost two years. When they settled down to record their third full-length album, they set up shop in Liverpool with producer Jim Abbiss on hand. Though Wu and Hunt were producers, they enjoyed having an outsider’s opinion. Finally, in the summer of 2005, Rykodisc released Witching Hour. Ben Rayner of The Star Web site called Witching Hour “brilliant,” and added that “the poker-faced Liverpool foursome had conceived an ideal future where ABBA and My Bloody Valentine were united in pursuit of perfect, bittersweet pop melody.” “I felt Witching Hour was like a coming-of-age album,” Wu told Remix writer David Weiss. “At that point it was the best album that we’d done so far, and basically lots of different factors came together, and we’ve now created this work that we’re really happy with. I see that as a foundation, a whole new set of opportunities to broaden our range again.” So they toured on their own to countries most bands wouldn’t put at the top of their lists, such as Russia, Mexico, and Colombia. The Internet, YouTube, and MySpace were Ladytron’s best promoters, getting Witching Hour to thousands of fans via the world wide web. “We could have carried on that way forever,” Hunt affirmed to Weiss. “We had to finally just say, ‘No.’” The touring officially ended in September of 2007, and did, however slightly, seem to change the band’s sound. The group didn’t take much of a break, heading back into the studio a few months later. “We toured longer than we expected, and we knew we had to get the record out and keep things moving,”

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Mira Aroyo, vocals; Daniel

Hunt,

keyboards,

programming;

Helen

Marnie, vocals, keyboards; Reuben Wu, keyboards, programming. Released debut EP, Commodore Rock, Emperor

the live show. It’s definitely dirtier.” Ladytron, now signed to Nettwerk Records, released their fourth album, Velocifero, in 2008, to rave reviews. “The simple danceable beats are tough without being overpowering, almost always wrapped around a grain of distortion,” wrote Weiss. “On the new disc, art and science combine in the multilayered analog synth lines, a pallet of mechanical organic sounds mixing increasingly with the precision of soft synths.” Organic electronic music; not something you hear often.

Norton, 2000; released full-length album 604, 2001; Light & Magic, 2002; signed to Rykodisc, released

Selected discography

Witching Hour, 2005; signed with Nettwerk Records, released Velocifero, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Nettwerk Records, 1650 West 2nd Ave., Vancouver, B.C., Canada, V6J 4R3.

Commodore Rock, Emperor Norton, 2000. 604, Emperor Norton, 2001. Light & Magic, Emperor Norton, 2002. Witching Hour, Rykodisc, 2005. Velocifero, Nettwerk Records.

Web site—Ladytron Official Web site: http://www. ladytron.nettwerk.com.

Sources Periodicals

Hunt admitted to Weiss. “It would have been easy enough to have a break, but it’s now four years ago since we recorded Witching Hour.” They were eager and armed with new song ideas, so they went to Paris to record at a small studio named The Garage. After recording, Wu and Hunt spent time at Studio de la Grande Armee, a ornamental and famous recording studio in Paris. Initially they intended to just mix the album there—while Marnie was having an operation on her throat in Australia—but they ended up re-mixing and layering more tracks on the songs. “It’s definitely tougher,” Hunt told Jolie Lash of Rolling Stone, about the band’s new material. “We haven’t become a rock band, but it [reflects] the extremes of

Guardian (London, England), May 30, 2008. Music Week, November 23, 2002. Remix, June 1, 2008.

Online “Ladytron Conjure New ‘Magic,’” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com/artists/ladytron/articles/story/6086095/ ladytron_conjure_new_magic (October 24, 2008). “Ladytron: Electronic Music with Skin,” Free Williamsburg, http:www/freewilliamsburg.com/june_2001/ladytrong.html (October 24, 2008). “Ladytron: Velocifero,” The Star, http://www.thestar.com/ entertainment/article/435798 (October 24, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Ladytron • 97

S

inger and songwriter Amos Lee has combined several musical strong suits into a successful and growing career, appealing to a wide range of rock and pop concertgoers, folk music fans, and album buyers. His vocals evoke the classic rock and soul sounds of such artists as Neil Young and Bill Withers, but he does not rely on imitation of any model: his songs are originals, drawing on his own experiences and observations. Not easily classifiable as folk, soul, or rock, the music of Amos Lee has inventively connected the reservoir of American roots music to personal perspectives.

Amos Lee

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1977, Lee was an only child but had the company of a tightly-knit clan of cousins. He grew up in tough neighborhoods in the southern part of the city and in the near-northeastern Kensington area. When he was young he listened to hip-hop groups like A Tribe Called Quest but had no interest in performing himself. Most of Lee’s energy was directed toward basketball, but he had to face the fact that he lacked the skills to pursue the game seriously. He enrolled at the University of South Carolina, finding a new direction when he made friends with a group of fellow students who enjoyed music.

Singer, songwriter

AP Images

Lee’s stepfather gave him a guitar, and he took some lessons and began writing songs. His real musical education, however, began when he got a job as a clerk at Columbia, South Carolina’s Papa Jazz used record store, whose staff was expert in many kinds of older American music. “They had all these vintage soul records,” Lee told Larry Katz of the Boston Herald, “and I just soaked it up. I got this Otis Redding box and devoured it. Loved every second. Sam Cooke was one of my heroes. And Bobby Womack, Curtis Mayfield, Donny Hathaway, Stevie Wonder, Bill Withers.” A special and sometimes overlooked influence on his music was jazz trumpeter Miles Davis. “I would listen to eight hours of music every day,” Lee told Keith Ryan Cartwright of the Charleston, South Carolina, Post and Courier. “That was sort of a crushing blow to my ego, but it was an amazing inspiration.” Spending most of his time studying music, writing songs, and keeping up with classes for his English major, Lee mostly avoided the college party scene.

98 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

The budding songwriter’s parents were shocked to learn that he was writing his own music, and it wasn’t until his senior year that Lee made his public debut at a local open mic night. After graduating, he took a job as an elementary school teacher in Philadelphia’s public schools. Two years later he yielded to the desire to try to make a living as a performer, but gigs were scarce at first. Lee took bartending jobs to make ends meet, trying to land them at places that featured live music. “As a bartender, I was definitely writing songs,” Lee told Brad Wheeler of the Toronto Globe & Mail. “But I actually spent more time being a patron than a bartender.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn 1977 in Philadelphia, PA; an only child. Edu-

cation: University of South Carolina, earned de-

gree in English. Worked as elementary school teacher, Philadelphia, PA; tended bar and wrote songs in Philadelphia, early 2000s; signed to Blue Note label; released Amos Lee, toured with Norah Jones, toured with Bob Dylan and Merle Haggard, 2005; released Supply and Demand, 2006; Last Days at the Lodge, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Blue Note Records, 150 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10011. Web site—http:// amoslee.com.

After issuing a pair of homemade EPs in 2003 and 2004, Lee submitted a demo recording to the eclectic jazz-oriented label Blue Note. He hit paydirt when the recording caught the ear of Blue Note’s major star of the moment, Norah Jones, whose folky jazz songs had some affinities with Lee’s own. Jones suggested that Lee open for her on her tour scheduled for the following spring. Lee was quickly signed to Blue Note and recorded his debut album, Amos Lee. Jones sang backup on several tracks. The album appeared in March of 2005 to generally positive critical notices, and Matt Collar of the All Music Guide was one of a number of writers who dubbed Lee “the male Norah Jones.” The album rose to the number two spot on Billboard magazine’s emerging artists Heatseekers chart. Lee himself disliked the Norah Jones comparison, and he quickly emerged from Jones’s shadow, joining a tour with folk legend Bob Dylan and country icon Merle Haggard later in 2005. Both artists influenced Lee, who had something of Dylan’s ability to draw on a wide range of traditional styles and create something lyrically original from the mix. Lee’s second album, Supply and Demand, appeared in 2006 and spawned a tour headlined by Lee himself. He later opened for alternative rock songwriter Elvis Costello. Lee built his reputation partly through virtually nonstop touring, telling Martin Bandyke of the Detroit Free Press that “I haven’t had a regular place to live since 2004. I’ve been traveling and recording and bumming around for the last couple of years.” Lee, who remained single, returned to Philadelphia during his rare periods of down time. Far from being a young songwriter who had exhausted his repertoire with his first album, Lee remained a critical favorite despite occasional complaints that his

laid-back arrangements were tailored to coffeehouse sound-system playlists. Music writers raved about the Philadelphian’s way of giving older musical patterns new life. Collar praised the ballad “Careless,” from Supply and Demand, asserting that the song combined the “Band’s ‘The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down’ and Crosby, Stills & Nash’s ‘Helpless’ into a gutwrenching and artful self-indictment of infidelity.” Supply and Demand rose to number 73 on Billboard’s general 200 sales chart, and Lee’s next album, Last Days at the Lodge, cracked the top 30 of both the Billboard 200 and the magazine’s Internet Albums sales chart after it appeared in 2008. On Last Days at the Lodge, Lee continued in his synthesizing, genre-mixing ways, with the notable addition of several songs with social themes in a politically transformative election year. He attracted a major producer, rock and R&B veteran Don Was, who helped him combine what some considered the increasingly diverse classic-soul and folk-pop sides of his musical personality. By this time, Lee had become a mentor to younger artists himself. He used emerging Los Angeles-based singer-songwriter Priscilla Ahn, whom he had known since his Philadelphia days, as a backup vocalist on Supply and Demand, and toured with her as an opener. Lee himself seemed to be in music for the long haul. “Sometimes, you’re not sure if you’re helping the world making music,” he told Rashod D. Ollison of the Baltimore Sun. “But I really like my new job. I hope I’m reaching with it. The music is always honest.”

Selected discography Amos Lee, Blue Note, 2005. Supply and Demand, Blue Note, 2006. Last Days at the Lodge, Blue Note, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Baltimore Sun, July 10, 2008. Boston Herald, April 15, 2005, p. E5. Denver Post, August 11, 2005, p. F1. Detroit Free Press, July 21, 2008. Globe & Mail (Toronto, ON, Canada), February 12, 2005, p. R6; November 3, 2006, p. R25. New York Post, April 25, 2005, p. 45. New York Times, October 4, 2006, p. E6. People, March 7, 2005, p. 43. Post and Courier (Charleston, SC), July 31, 2008, p. F4. Record (Bergen County, NJ), April 15, 2005, p. G13. Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), November 11, 2005, p. E7. Seattle Times, August 23, 2008, p. D11. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, August 7, 2008, p. 20.

Lee • 99

Virginian Pilot (Norfolk, VA), October 16, 2006, p. E1. Washington Times, June 24, 3008, p. B8.

Online “Amos Lee,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 28, 2008). —James M. Manheim

100 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

R

&B singer Lloyd is known for his smooth, featherlight tenor voice and romantic style. He was a child singing star, but then went through some difficult times in his career before releasing three successful albums. Lloyd, whose real name is Lloyd Harlin Polite Jr., was born in New Orleans. After his father was killed when Lloyd was two years old, his family moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he grew up. On his MySpace page he wrote, “I learned to sing before I learned how to talk and I knew how to dance before I learned to walk.” His mother played piano and sang in a church; his father had been the director of a church choir in New Orleans and had also played saxophone. Music, Lloyd wrote, “was that powerful to me that I just took a liking to it and I decided to just really try to perfect it.”

Lloyd

When Lloyd was still a boy, he met singer and musician Joyce Irby, who played in an all-female band called Klymaxx. Irby was looking for boys to sing in a teen R&B trio she was creating; she planned to shop the group to a friend at Warner Brothers. She had been looking through the Atlanta phone book, calling local elementary schools and asking their music departments to recommend a boy with a good voice. When she talked to Lloyd’s music teacher at Avondale Elementary, he told her Lloyd was the boy she was looking for.

R&B singer

AP Images

Lloyd sang the song “Stand By Me” for Irby, and the youngster was the first member she chose for the new group; she later added Justin Clark and Everett Hall. Their group, called Ntoon, traveled throughout the South. On his MySpace page, Lloyd wrote that he had learned a lot from this experience: “Doing shows for like 2,000 people one night and 20 people the next night and you have to give the same energy for each show.” Ntoon signed with DreamWorks Records, but the label was not supportive, and eventually the group fell apart after releasing the albumToon-Time. Part of the reason they disbanded was that the boys in the group wanted to live more normal lives, playing sports with their friends in their old neighborhoods instead of touring all the time. Lloyd was only 14, but he had enjoyed his experiences in the entertainment business and he knew he was not going to quit. He called Irby and told her he would come up with some new material, and they could shop it around the labels together. She agreed, and when Lloyd was 15 he signed with the MJM label. His first CD with them, Oh My Lloyd, had a hit single, “Hey Young Girl.” However, just as Lloyd was poised to release the album, the label folded and the album was never released. He was back to square one, but returned to Atlanta, where he met Arista executive Mark Pitts. He was ready to sign with Arista when he met Irv Gotti from Murder Inc., and ended up signing with him. Lloyd told Gotti that he had three conditions for recording with Murder Inc.: he wanted to write his own ma-

Lloyd • 101

For the Record . . .

B

orn Lloyd Polite Jr. on January 3, 1986, in New

Orleans, Louisiana; son of Lloyd Polite Sr. and

Robin Polite. Sang as a member of NToon until they broke up in 1999; released Toon-Time, 1999; went solo, released Southside, 2004; Street Love,2007; Lessons in Love, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Universal Motown, Web site: http://www.universalmotown.com/. Web site— Lloyd Official Web site: http://younglloyd.com/.

noted that he “works it to the max” on both rhythmic tunes and ballads. Lloyd followed Street Love with Lessons in Love in 2008. In the London Guardian, a reviewer remarked that on this album, Lloyd “invests his mellifluous sweet nothings with an ambivalent distance—shimmering just out of reach.” Christian Heard wrote in Rolling Stone that Lloyd “sounds like he’s actually having fun dishing out exuberant come-ons.” In an interview with Chloe McCloskey in Situation, Lloyd summed up his musical art by saying, “At the end of the day, everyone likes to feel loved. … Even the hardest most ruggedest gangstas—they’re listening to Lionel Richie. … It just shows me that the streets need love and for me to provide that … that’s my thing.”

Selected discography terial, choose the songs that ultimately went on an album, and incorporate his own Southern heritage in his music. Although Gotti had no problem with the first two conditions, he was focused more on urban music based in the culture of the Northeastern cities. Lloyd’s emphasis on Southern style eventually led to a clash, and once again Lloyd was on his own, without a label. In the meantime, Lloyd recorded with other artists, appearing on tracks by 8 Ball, MJG, Snoop Dogg, Tango Redd, and others. He eventually hooked up with Jazze Pha, combining his own newly established Goldie Productions with Jazze Pha’s ShoNuff Records. As he wrote on his MySpace page, “This time I have my own team. This is where I feel best about myself.” Lloyd’s 2006 solo debut, Southside, released with Universal/Island, did not receive wide recognition, but as Lloyd told an interviewer in UK Music, “I felt like I opened a lot of ears.” Lloyd’s second album, Street Love, released in 2007, featured dreamy R&B, and was described by New York Times reviewer John Caramanica as “a small triumph of contemporary R&B.” Caramanica added, “An almost impossibly delicate vocalist, Lloyd was backed by soul that was modern and feather light.” Lloyd told the UK Music interviewer that on his own first album he was still young and was not able to fully express himself, whereas on his second album he felt that “my sound and content has matured.” He added, “No one can tell me what to say anymore and I love it.” A Billboard reviewer praised Lloyd’s smooth, high tenor voice and

102 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

(with NToon) Toon-Time, DreamWorks, 1999. Southside, Universal/Island, 2004. Street Love, Universal/Island, 2007. Lessons in Love, Universal/Island, 2008.

Sources Online “Lloyd Interview,” Situation, http://www.thesituations.co.uk/ usinterviews/07/lloyd/lloyd.html (November 23, 2008). “Lloyd Interview,” UK Music, http://www.ukmusic.com/ features/interviews/Lloyd-interview.html (November 23, 2008). “Lloyd: Lessons in Love,” Billboard, http://www.billboard.com/ bbcom/content_display/reviews/albums/ e3i7208006e0cd8646970a4b239053cf9f2 (November 23, 2008). “Lloyd: Lessons in Love,” New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/04/arts/music/04choi.html?_r=2&ref= music&oref=slogin (November 23, 2008). “Lloyd: Lessons in Love,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rolling stone.com/review/album/21899304/review/22187370/ lessons_in_love (November 23, 2008). Lloyd’s MySpace Page, http://www.profile.myspace.com/in dex.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendid=53607212 (November 23, 2008). “Urban Review: Lloyd: Lessons in Love,” Guardian, August 8, 2008, http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2008/aug/08/urban review.lloyd (November 23, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Love as Laughter Rock group

G

uitarist and singer/songwriter Sam Jayne has always been an underdog. From 1992 to 1994, Jayne was at the helm of the underground yet significant emo-leaning indie rock band Lync. After the band dissolved in Olympia, Washington, Jayne began making solo music on cassettes and soon signed a deal with well-known local independent label K Records. From 1996 to 2008, Jayne released albums under the moniker Love as Laughter, using more than 20 different band members during its span. Jayne has watched many of his peers (Modest Mouse and The Shins, for example) go on to perform on major labels and on Top 40 radio. The A.V. Club’s Jason Heller called Jayne “the Joe Walsh of the indie set, a second-string vet whose low-key quirks and soulful idiosyncrasy keeps him from superstardom (and even his deserved status as a pioneer).” From singing on Beck’s 1994 breakthrough record One Foot in the Grave to performing on Saturday Night Live with Modest Mouse, Jayne has kept his convictions and style all his own, no matter what the current trend. In an ironic twist, it wasn’t until July of 2008 that Rolling Stone called Love as Laughter a “Breaking Artist.” After he left Lync, Jayne released a series of cassette tapes of his solo music before landing a deal with K Records in Olympia. He then recorded and released the full-length albums The Greks Bring Gifts (1996) and the classic rock beats of Ⲇ1 U.S.A. (1998). Jayne toured with a live band that sometimes included guitarist Jessica Espeleta and former Lync drummer Dave Schneider. In 1999 Jayne joined the big leagues of independent record labels when he signed to Sub Pop

Records. There, Jayne released the popular album Destination 2000. Jayne’s albums weren’t easy to categorize in one particular style. Part of that had to do with the frame of mind Jayne was in when writing, and the other part depended on whom he was making the music with. “It’s a lot different from other bands in the sense that there’s always people going in and out. And the music’s decidedly different when different people are in it,” Layne told David Malitz of the Washington Post. “It hasn’t ever consistently motored down the road like a lot of these other bands that … have had a consistent movement throughout the years. We stop and start up again and do different things.” The album Destination 2000 was released in 1999. “Sam Jayne completes his transmogrification from scruffy indie rocker … to eccentric bedroom-ridden lo-fi noisemaker … to full time rock ’n’ roller,” wrote Nick Mirov on Pitchfork Media. “Destination 2000 is more than just a series of three-chord head-bashers,” he continued. “It’s a vibrant re-creation of lo-fi rock ’n’ roll that feels genuine, unforced, and thankfully free of nostalgic excesses and pouty posing.” In 2001 Love as Laughter followed up with the impressive record Sea to Shining Sea. Ear Farm writer Mike Grimes called the album “a loud, abrasive, sprawling and yet accessible rock epic.” After Sea to Shining Sea, the band toured and then slowed down its pace for the next few years. During that time Jayne played the occasional solo show, and other band members moved to New York. Where many bands could have called it quits, Jayne saw no reason, but it would be three years before he began working on a new Love as Laughter record. There was no real reason it took so long; it just did. Jayne told Mundane Sounds, “It’s kind of been an unorganized entity at times. In the past, there just wasn’t the hugest drive to do things right all the time or try to make it a big organized thing.” By 2004, it was time to work on what would be Love as Laughter’s fifth album. It was recorded over five months in a Newark, Delaware, basement recording studio. Drummer Zeke Howard and musicians Brandon Angle and Miguel Mendez were in the studio. Jayne’s biggest audience to date happened when he played with friends Modest Mouse at a November appearance on Saturday Night Live that year. Four years after Sea to Shining Sea, Sub Pop released the aptly-titled album Laughter’s Fifth. The band picked up a few new fans after the album’s track “Dirty Lives” was played on the hugely popular teen TV show The O.C., a show known for breaking out indie artists. Pitchfork’s Matthew Murphy called the work on Laughter’s Fifth Jayne’s “tightest, most satisfying batch of songs to date.” After touring for that album, Jayne was approached by Modest Mouse’s lead singer, Isaac Brock, about singing on his new label, Glacial Pace Recordings, an imprint of Epic. Finally, a friend in a high place was able to give Jayne’s music the audience it deserved. Jayne signed the deal, and in 2008 released

Love as Laughter • 103

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Ivan Berko, bass; Sam

Jayne, vocals, guitar; Zeke Howard, drums;

Robbie Lee, keyboards; Andy Macleod, guitar.

as Laughter as a “Breaking Artist” to watch for. It only took Jayne 12 years to get there. But Jayne seems fine with it. “We’re always going to be sort of an underground/underdog band, no matter how you look at it,” Jayne admitted to Mundane Sounds. “There’s not ever gonna be a set formula for us.… I just want to make stuff that is relevant to myself and maybe to most of my friends and fans, and I just want to keep playing.”

Group formed c.1996 in Olympia, Washington, by singer and guitarist Sam Jayne; he recorded under the name Love as Laughter; signed to Washington record

Selected discography

label K Records, released The Greks Bring Gifts, 1996; Ⲇ1 U.S.A., 1998; had a revolving cast of band members that played on albums and did live shows; signed to Sub Pop Records in Seattle, 1999; released Destination 2000, 1999; Sea to Shining Sea, 2000; Laughter’s

The Greks Bring Gifts, K Records, 1996. Ⲇ1 U.S.A., K Records, 1998. Destination 2000, Sub Pop, 1999. Sea to Shining Sea, Sub Pop, 2001. Laughter’s Fifth, Sub Pop, 2005. Holy, Epic, 2008.

Fifth, 2005; signed to Glacial Pace Recordings/Epic Records, released Holy, 2008. Addresses:

Record

company—Epic

Records/Sony

BMG, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022. Web site—Love as Laughter Official Web site: http://www. loveaslaughter.net.

the critically acclaimed album Holy. “Singer-songwriter Sam Jayne has an affection for classic rock and a great sense of whimsy about it,” wrote Jody Rosen in a review of Holy for Rolling Stone. “He doesn’t shy from the big subjects-love, death, immortality-but any hint of bombast is undercut by woozy humor.” On Holy, Jayne is backed by bassist Ivan Berko, drummer Zeke Howard, guitarist Andy McLeod, and keyboardist Robbie Lee. “Atop multiple layers of percussion, walls of lush acoustic guitars push up against hotwired electrics in a seamless way that also mirrors the album’s range of content,” wrote Grimes of the latest album. In July of 2008, Rolling Stone picked Love

104 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sources Online “Holy,” The A.V. Club, http://www.avclub.com/content/music/ love_as_laughter (November 1, 2008). “Interview: Love As Laughter,” Mundane Sounds, http://www. mundanesounds.blogspot.com/2005/05/interview-love-aslaughter.html (November 1, 2008). “Love as Laughter,” Ear Farm, http://www.earfarm.com/bandof-the-week/1396 (November 1, 2008). “Love as Laughter: Destination 2000,” Pitchfork Media, http:// www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/record_review/19491love-as-laughter-destination-2000 (November 1, 2008). “Love as Laughter: Holy,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rolling stone.com/reviews/album/21456851/review/21463899/ holy (November 1, 2008). “Love as Laughter: Laughter’s Fifth,” Pitchfork Media, http:// www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/record_review/19492love-as-laughter-laughters-fifth (November 1, 2008). “Six Questions for … Love as Laughter,” Washington Post, http://voices.washingtonpost.com/postrock/2008/07/six_ questions_for_love_as_laug.html (November 1, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

S

eymour, Indiana, a blue collar town about 40 minutes from Bloomington, is populated by about 20,000 people, mostly electronics industry workers. But it also produced at least one musician, a celebrated son, John Mellencamp. Bucking the rock star tradition of leaving the hometown for more glamorous pastures, Mellencamp has remained a resident of Indiana. Known for his unpretentious manner and brutal honesty, Mellencamp wishes to be taken seriously on his own terms, without losing sight of where he comes from.

John Mellencamp

John Mellencamp, with his two sisters and two brothers, was raised strictly. His father, vice president of Robbins Electric in Seymour, pushed Mellencamp to excel at school and sports, neither of which the boy took to heart. As a teenager, Mellencamp had few interests other than hanging out, getting high, and listening to rock ’n’ roll. At the age of 18, Mellencamp took off to Kentucky and married his 23-year-old girlfriend, Priscilla. The couple were in love and Priscilla was pregnant. With the intent of making a living for themselves, the newlyweds moved into Priscilla’s parents’ house with their newborn daughter Michelle. Attending junior college, studying communications, and barely holding down a job for more than a few months, Mellencamp reverted to his old partying ways, although he did play music in local bar bands, using the guitar skills he had started building at the age of 14. His in-laws did not see guitar playing as a stable occupation. They kicked the young couple out, with the typical “You’ll never go anywhere with this silly rock and roll business.”

Singer, songwriter

The Mellencamps stayed together for another ten years. Gradually growing apart from his first wife, Mellencamp started to record demos of his own songs and take music as a career more seriously, much to the derision of seemingly everyone he knew. Mellencamp told Edwin Miller of Seventeen, “Everybody said, ‘John, you’re dumb. People from Seymour don’t make records. They work in the fields, and they work in the factory, and if you’re lucky, you can be like your old man.’ _ That’s what made me want to get out and do it—everyone saying you can’t!”

Marc Hauser Photography Ltd/Getty Images

Moved to New York City Around this time Mellencamp decided to go to New York City to try to sell himself as a rock star. The demo tape he had been hustling around did not arouse much enthusiasm until it fell into the hands of Tony DeFries, head of MainMan Management, whose most notable client was David Bowie. DeFries saw a future for young Mellencamp. In Esquire, DeFries’s associate Jamie Andrews explained it like this: “We felt there was a whole revival of small-town Americanism going on.” As DeFries himself told it, “He’s so American, the most American artist I’ve seen since Bob Dylan.” The one problem DeFries foresaw was that no one would want

Mellencamp • 105

For the Record . . .

B

orn October 7, 1951, in Seymour, IN; son of

Richard and Marilyn Mellencamp; married Priscilla

Esterline, 1969 (marriage ended, 1981); married Vicki Granucci, 1981 (marriage ended, 1989); married Elaine Irwin, 1992; children: Michelle (first marriage), Teddi Jo, Justice Renee (second marriage), Hud, Speck (third marriage). Formed a “glam-rock” band called Trash, 1971; signed with MainMan in 1975, name changed to John Cougar; scored first top 40 hit in 1978 with “I Need a Lover”; widespread fame achieved with American Fool in 1982; Uh Huh released in 1982 under the name John Cougar Mellencamp; began billing himself strictly as John Mellencamp, 1994; recorded for Mercury, 1982-96; Sony, 1998-2001; ACK, Universal, and Hear Music, 200308; debuted as actor and director in 1992’s Falling from Grace. Participant and co-organizer of Farm Aid concerts, 1987-2007; has appeared on numerous network television programs and his songs were included in several major motion picture soundtracks; has co-written a rock musical titled host Brothers of Darkland County with renowned author Stephen King. Awards: Grammy Award, Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for “Hurts So Good,” 1982; American Music Award, Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist, 1983; The Billboard Century Award, 2001; Huntington’s Disease Society of America, Woody Guthrie Award, 2003; ASCAP Foundation Champion Award, 2007; Named a Classic Songwriter at the Q Awards, 2008; inducted into Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Hear Music/Concord Music Group, 270 North Canon Dr., 1212, Beverly

thing uniquely American, something hot and wild. Johnny Indiana was one of our choices, Puma, Mustang—but nothing was as hot as Cougar!” Johnny Cougar it was, a name Mellencamp detested. He told Rolling Stone, “I didn’t want to be anybody but John Mellencamp.” The newly christened Johnny Cougar’s first album, Chestnut Street Incident, was released through MCA in 1976. It was met with widespread apathy, and quickly fell out of print. A second album was never released by MCA, who duly dropped him. Mellencamp was soon dropped by MainMan as well, and his live shows received terrible reviews. Given another chance to redeem himself, he was signed to PolyGram, where he released three more albums and had a minor U.S. hit with “I Need a Lover” in 1978, a song which incidentally went to number one in Australia. By the early 1980s, the musical climate had shifted from polished disco music and glitter rock, and it seemed that DeFries might just be right in his allAmerican visions. Springsteen had released The River and Bob Seger had transformed from down-home Michigan boy to superstar. Mellencamp’s fifth album, 1982’s American Fool, struck a similar nerve. With two top ten singles, “Jack and Diane” and “Hurts So Good,” American Fool went on to sell several million copies and propel Mellencamp to established fame. Despite his successes, John Cougar received little respect from critics until his next few albums. Greil Marcus wrote in ArtForum, “As sounds they were solid but onedimensional, and as sentiments they were shallow when they weren’t dumb. … Still, the performances had heart—you heard the voice of someone who wanted desperately to tell you what he had to say but didn’t know what it was.” Uh-Huh (1983) marked the first time that Mellencamp went by the name “John Cougar Mellencamp,” and the album contained three more hit singles, “Pink Houses,” “Crumblin’ Down,” and “Authority Song.” By this time, Mellencamp was starting to be seen as somewhat of a spokesperson for small town America. Speaking in Life, he said, “For me to pretend I’m the keeper of the small town mentality or that’s all I’m interested in is wrong. …That whole America thing now—I hate it.”

Hills, CA 90210, Web site: http://www.concord musicgroup.com. Web site—John Mellencamp Official Web site: http://www.johnmellencamp.com. Management—Hoffman Entertainment, 362 5th Ave., Ⲇ804, New York, NY 10001, Web site: http://www.hoff manentertainment.com.

to buy an album by a guy with a name like Mellencamp. Andrews explained in Seventeen, “We wanted some-

106 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Became More Consistent Songwriter As much as Mellencamp hated jingoism, his next album, 1985’s Scarecrow, seemed full of patriotism, especially considering titles like “R.O.C.K. in the U.S.A.,” “Justice and Independence ‘85,” and “Small Town.” The LP was his first to really be taken seriously. In ArtForum, Greil Marcus wrote, “One morning I heard the songs from Scarecrow alongside the best of Aretha, Dylan, and the others and Mellencamp’s songs stood up to them—carried the same charge.” The album was also a massive hit, yielding five hit singles.

Around the same time, Mellencamp started organizing the Farm Aid concerts to benefit struggling farmers and their families in the midwest. With help from the likes of Willie Nelson and Neil Young, four annual shows were held that raised millions. The Lonesome Jubilee (1987) brought in a new sound for Mellencamp. Previous Mellencamp albums contained standard issue guitar rock, but this album featured fiddles and accordions to give it a strange folk/ country feel. Just as successful as Scarecrow critically and commercially, the singles “Paper in Fire” and “Cherry Bomb” garnered much airplay on radio and MTV. In such a fickle pop world, Mellencamp’s music provided a surprising amount of longevity. Somewhat of a womanizer, he started seeing Vicky Granucci while still married to his first wife. Mellencamp admitted in Life, “I was out of control. I was on the road all the time and hard to pin down.” And unfortunately, while his career was coming together, his second marriage was falling apart. Efforts to save his marriage to Vicky were futile. Relapses occurred and she stuck it out through two more children, Teddi Jo and Justice, but they divorced in 1989. Mellencamp worked through his feelings over the divorce in his album Big Daddy. The album included the songs “Void In My Heart” and the bitter “Big Daddy of them All.” Critics considered this album one of Mellencamp’s darkest. Mellencamp told Rolling Stone writer Elysa Gardner, “I’ve heard the word dark used to describe it, but I think sober is more like it. That record was based very firmly in my reality—if reality is dark, then I’m sorry.” By the 1990s, Mellencamp had moved into the realm occupied by contemporaries like Springsteen and Seger. No longer a top 40 MTV darling and no longer using “Cougar” as a middle name, his music had become increasingly more adult in nature. Talking with Gardner about his guitar-heavy 1991 album Whenever We Wanted, he said he wanted to address “the trouble between men and women.” In addition to his changing musical themes, Mellencamp also pursued nonmusical projects such as painting, film directing, and acting, making his debut in the latter two in the 1992 film Falling from Grace. Mellencamp also married his third wife, model Elaine Irwin (she appeared in the video for his song “Get a Leg Up”), with whom he has two sons, Hud and Speck—the former named for Paul Newman’s character in the 1963 film Hud. Critics for the most part praised Mellencamp’s next three albums. Human Wheels (1993) boasted a hardrocking group sound mixed in with some of the mandolins of his 1980s country forays. In talking about the album, Rolling Stone’s Don McLeese commented, “Mellencamp may not know what it all means, but he knows exactly how it feels.” For his 1994 album Dance

Naked, Mellencamp stripped away his longtime band and left the listener with a 30-minute collection of near-demos. The only pop relief was his duet with Me’shell NdegeOcello, Van Morrison’s “Wild Night,” which made the top ten that same year. A tour followed which was cut short by a minor heart attack, unsuspected by Mellencamp until he was diagnosed later. His next album, 1996’s Mr. Happy Go Lucky, introduced funk to the mix with production by techno-dance type Junior Vasquez and bass by Tony! Toni! Tone! bassist Raphael Saadiq, while still retaining Mellencamp’s usual non-trendy rock sound. Critical response to Mr. Happy Go Lucky was positive. In his review for the Chicago Tribune, Greg Kot praised the album’s virtues, noting that it made a “ripple with memorable melodies” and “crackles with new life.” Having weathered criticism through his whole career for being himself, John Mellencamp has turned out to be a most consistent songwriter. In addition to his music, he has also been known to have one of the biggest attitudes in rock. Talking about his career, Mellencamp remarked to Rolling Stone’s Mike Leonard, “This cycle of make a record, tour has been going on for 20 years now. I don’t even know why I do it sometimes. The only thing I can think of is ego.” Worked with Stephen King Despite the unparalleled success he enjoyed at Mercury/Polygram, Mellencamp left the label and signed with Columbia/Sony in 1998. His initial release for Sony, simply titled John Mellencamp, featured a rootsier sound that bordered on country as much as urban and rock. Cuttin’ Heads (2001) saw the singersongwriter incorporate more of a soulful approach into his standard blend of heartland rock and political consciousness. During the Sony era, Mellencamp began to pick and choose his projects more carefully, releasing a new album every two to three years, and then making a deal with a new company for the finished product. Such was the case with the stark, folk-and-blues-oriented Trouble No More, which sported a rebellious political stance solidly in tune with his image. Cutting Freedom’s Road for Universal in 2007, Mellencamp retooled his vision of small town America with harrowing aural portraits of racism, drugs, and lost causes. The album spawned the song “Our Country,” which received mass exposure as the theme of a Chevrolet ad, which rankled some purists. “When you hear the whole song,” he explained to Andy Greene of Rolling Stone, it’s not really a Chevy commercial, you know? It’s a rock song. Still creatively engaged, Mellencamp worked on a musical production with author Stephen King in 2007-08, titled The Ghost Brothers of Darkland County. However, he still had enough left in the tank to create the 2008 album for Hear Music, Life, Death, Love and

Mellencamp • 107

Freedom. Drenched with country blues, folk, and elemental rock, it was his most serious work to date, and despite the lack of a hit single, the disc rose to number five on the Billboard LP charts. Speaking with Brian Hiatt of Rolling Stone, Mellencamp attributed his longevity to his early training in bar bands, offering a glimpse of his formative years along the way. “You’re not going to get the kind of longevity today that you see from guys my age, because they don’t have that type of background. ‘Cause, you know, some nights you walk in there and you’re playing for guys who got more tattoos than teeth.”

Selected discography Chestnut Street Incident, MCA, 1976. A Biography, Riva, 1978. John Cougar, Riva, 1979. Nothin’ Matters and What if It Did?, Riva, 1980. American Fool, Riva, 1982. Uh-Huh, Riva, 1982. Scarecrow, Mercury, 1985. The Lonesome Jubilee, Mercury, 1987. Big Daddy, Mercury, 1989. (With others) Falling from Grace (soundtrack), Mercury, 1991. Whenever We Wanted, Mercury, 1991. Human Wheels, Mercury, 1993. Dance Naked, Mercury, 1994. Mr. Happy Go Lucky, Mercury, 1996. The Best That I Could Do 1978-1988, Mercury, 1997. John Mellencamp, Columbia, 1998. Rough Harvest, Mercury, 1999. Cuttin’ Heads, Sony, 2001.

108 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Trouble No More, ACK, 2003. Freedom’s Road, Universal, 2007. 20th Century Masters: Millennium Collection, Island, 2007. Life, Death, Love and Freedom, Hear Music, 2008.

Sources Periodicals ArtForum, January 1986. Esquire, March 1992. Journal of Popular Culture, Winter 1994. Life, October 1987. Rolling Stone, December 9, 1982; February 6, 1992; September 16, 1993; September 30, 1993; July 14-28, 1994; September 8, 1994; December 1, 1994; September 19, 1996; May 15, 1997. Seventeen, March 1983. Time, September 27, 1993.

Online “John Mellencamp,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic guide.com (November 30, 2008). “John Mellencamp,” Internet Movie Database, http://www. imdb.com, (December 8, 2008). “John Mellencamp Finds His Freedom,” Rolling Stone, http:// www.rollingstone.com/news/story/18285631/john_mellen camp_finds_his_freedom, (December 12, 2008). “Mellencamp’s New Blues,” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com/news/story/22212377/mellencamps_new _blues (December 12, 2008). —Nathan Shafer and Ken Burke

W

ith his band Brazil ‘66, bandleader Sergio Mendes soared to the top of the popular music charts in the United States during the mid-1960s with covers of songs by Paul McCartney, Paul Simon, Burt Bacharach, and Jimmy Webb. The songs featured a rhythmic Latin percussion foundation that percolated beneath the soaring crystalline vocal harmonies of Lani Hall and Janis Hansen (and later Hall and Karen Phillips). The arrangements, first by Mendes and later by Dave Grusin, included ethereal woodwinds, string sections, and keyboards that blended Brazilian bossa nova and American and British pop into a hybrid style that was tremendously successful. Dismissed by some critics as easy listening, it was applauded by many others for its rhythmic complexity, high production values, and intriguing vocals. After the heyday of the 1960s, Mendes attempted several updated versions of Brazil ‘66, including Brazil ‘77 and Brazil ‘99, had a major hit single in 1983 with “Never Let You Go,” and continued to pursue his jazz leanings.

Sergio Mendes

Joined With Bossa Nova Pioneers Mendes was born on February 11, 1941, and raised in Niteroi, Brazil, the son of a physician. He studied music at a conservatory and harbored hopes of becoming a classical pianist. In the late 1950s, Mendes relocated to Rio de Janeiro, where he developed a passion for bossa nova music. He also immersed himself in American jazz until, as he explained to writer John Lannert on the William Morris Agency Web site, “around 15 or so, when I was given a Dave Brubeck record and that changed my life. From then on, I started listening to Charlie Parker and Bud Powell and all those great jazz pianists. So that was my main influence during my adolescent years.”

ARMIN WEIGEL/dpa/Landov

Bandleader, composer, keyboardist

He formed the Hot Trio in 1960, a group that played at the Rio establishment known as Bottles Bar. “Brazilian music was harmonically sophisticated, so the jazz element was contained in the improvisation,” Mendes explained to Lannert. “But we continued to listen to Parker, Miles Davis—just to learn the new language and incorporate it into Brazilian music.” He associated with bossa nova pioneers Antonio Carlos Jobim and Joao Gilberto, and met American musicians Stan Getz, Dizzy Gillespie, and Herbie Mann. In 1962 the Hot Trio evolved into the Sexteto Bossa Rio, with which he recorded Dance Moderno. The band—consisting of two trombones, tenor saxophone, bass, drums, and piano—toured Europe and America, and played Birdland in New York City. There, Mendes sat in with headliner Julian “Cannonball” Adderley. The duo recorded an album together for Capitol Records in 1962. Mendes later recorded two albums of a samba/jazz hybrid for Atlantic Records. The first, Swinger from Rio, included Jobim, Hubert Laws, Art Farmer, and Phil Woods. In 1964 Mendes moved to the United States a formed a new band, Brazil ‘65. The group settled in Los Ange-

Mendes • 109

For the Record . . .

B

nominated for a 1968 Academy Award for Best Song after it was featured in the James Bond spoof Casino Royale, a film starring David Niven.

orn on February 11, 1941, in Niteroi, Brazil; son of

a physician; married Gracinha Leporace (a singer).

Recorded Dance Moderno, 1961; impromptu performance with Cannonball Adderley at Birdland jazz club, New York City, 1962; recorded Capitol Records album with Adderley, 1962; played on recordings of Antonio Carlos Jobim and Art Farmer, 1963-65; moved to United States, 1964; formed Brazil ‘65 in 1965; re-

Created Brazil ‘66 Mendes left Capitol to sign with trumpeter Herb Alpert and partner Jerry Moss’s new label A&M in 1966, where the newly renamed Brazil ’66 made its debut, featuring Bob Matthews on bass; Jose Soares on percussion; Joao Palma on percussion; and Lani Hall and Janis Hansen on vocals. The A&M album featured the hit single “Mais que nada.” Sung in Portugese, it went gold the following year.

named band Brazil ‘66 and signed to Herb Albert’s A&M label, 1966; band released hit single “Mais que nada” from album Herb Alpert Presents Sergio Mendes & Brazil ‘66, 1966; released second album, Equinox, 1967; released hit cover of Burt Bacharach song, “The Look of Love,” which also appeared in James Bond spoof Casino Royale, 1968; recorded hit single “Never Let You Go,” 1983; released Oceano, 1996; appeared on track “Sexy” on Black Eyed Peas album Elephunk, 2003; released Timeless, 2006; performed Cape Town International Jazz Festival, 2007; released Encanto, performed at Carnegie Hall, 2008. Awards: Grammy Award, Best World Music Album, for Brasileiro, 1992; Latin Grammys, Lifetime Achievement Award, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Concord Records, 100 N. Crescent Dr., Ste. 275, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, phone: 310-385-4455. Web site—Sergio Mendes Official Web site: http://www. sergiomendesmusic.com/.

les and signed a contract with Capitol Records. The initial recording, produced by David Cavanaugh, failed to garner much recognition outside Southern California. Mendes was then inspired to form a new lineup. “I ran into the idea of having two girls singing— don’t ask me why—I just liked that sound,” he explained to Lannert. “Then I decided to work with not only Brazilian songs, but well-known English-language songs by composer Burt Bacharach and the Beatles. For me, the song and the melody are everything. So we started working on getting those great songs put into a Brazilian pocket. We would work all day long, break for lunch and we would go back and try an assortment of different rhythms, so it was like a workshop. It was wonderful.” The result, Look Around, became a goldselling album, while the single “The Look of Love” was

110 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

The group dented the top 40 with three singles from the follow-up gold album Equinox—“Night and Day,” “Constant Rain (Chove chuva),” and “For Me.” The next release, Fool on the Hill, which also went gold, featured a new lineup that featured vocalist Karen Phillips as a replacement for Hansen, and a rhythm section that consisted of Sebastio Neto, Dom Um Romao, Rubens Bassini, and Oscar Castro Neves. The single “Scarborough Fair” heightened their popularity still further. Mendes cemented the group’s renown with frequent television appearances and a concert tour with Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass and the Baja Marimba Band. He also added to his pop successes with more traditional jazz releases on the Atlantic Records label that featured such jazz musicians as Claire Fisher, Hubert Laws, Phil Woods, Art Farmer, and Jobim. In 1969, Brazil ’66 released Crystal Illusions, which included cover versions of the Otis Redding and Steve Cropper composition “(Sittin’ on) The Dock of the Bay” and the single “Pretty World.” The group’s other 1969 release, Ye-Me-Le, included a cover of the Jimmy Webb song that became a major hit for Glen Campbell, “Wichita Lineman.” They released Stillness (1971), which included cover versions of Joni Mitchell’s “Chelsea Morning” and Stephen Still’s Buffalo Springfield hit “For What It’s Worth,” and Primal Roots (1972), an album of Brazilian music. These two albums saw the end of the band’s most commercially successful period. Singer Lani Hall, who had been married for a time to Herb Alpert, defected from the band after the release of Stillness to pursue a solo career as a jazz vocalist. Regained Popularity in 1980s In 1973 the band moved to Bell Records. Mendes released a solo album, Sergio Mendes, on the Elektra label. The commercial failure of this effort led Mendes to form Brazil ‘77, which also failed to ignite record buyers’ interests. A five-year sabbatical from recording ended when Mendes signed another contract with A&M Records in 1982. The following year he reached his highest chart position ever, with the single “Never Gonna Let You Go,” which was sung by Joe Pizzulo

and Leza Miller. He recognized moderate success with the single “Alibis” and the 1983 album Confetti, but never recaptured the sales success of his work in the 1960s and early 1980s. In the 1990s he formed Brazil ‘99, which he renamed Brazil 2000, but success eluded him. The bestreceived releases from the 1990s were Brasileiro (1992) and Oceano (1996), the latter receiving positive notices despite its ill-advised foray into rap with the song “Maracatudo.” Writing for Connectbrazil.com, critic Wes Gillespie praised Oceano: “This is an album for Martini dinner parties on cool summer nights and a must for all Mendes fans. The music oozes class which is only what we have come to expect from the four generations of recordings from Sergio and his troupe of international and local stars.” After his 1996 album Oceano, Mendes took a decadelong sabbatical from recording. Feeling satisfied with a career that had spanned almost four decades, Mendes relaxed into semi-retirement. In 2002 William Adams (aka will.i.am), founding member of the Black Eyed Peas, came knocking at Mendes’s door. The hip hop performer and producer had been deeply influenced by Mendes’s work, and was eager to work with him. Mendes complied, and added his talents to the track “Sexy” on the Black Eyed Peas’ 2003 album Elephunk. The collaboration energized Mendes, and the two continued to work together. Ten years after his last album, Mendes released Timeless. With will.i.am producing, the album was an interesting mixture of talents and styles. Will.i.am pulled from his own pop music associations such talents as John Legend, Erykah Badu, Justin Timberlake, and Stevie Wonder to work with Mendes. Also on the album was a remake of Mendes’s popular hit from the 1960s, “Mas Que Nada.” This time it was sung by Black Eyed Peas vocalist Fergie. Jenny Mayo of the Washington Times wrote: “Nominated for three Latin Grammys, Timeless comes off as a fun, worldly pop disc that is as much lush and lively as it is gritty and urban.” Continuing to tour, Mendes appeared in South Africa, performing at the 2007 Cape Town International Jazz Festival. The following year he released Encanto, his thirty-sixth studio album, once again produced by will. i.am. Encanto showcased a range of collaborations. Mendes worked with performers from around the world, including Brazilian musician Carlinhos Brown, Italian rapper Jovanotti, and Columbian rock star Juanes. The album also reunited Mendes with Lani Hall and Herb Alpert for the song “Dreamer.” In 2008 Mendes performed at Carnegie Hall, 46 years after his first appearance there. His name is synonymous with the sound he helped create in the 1960s, mixing Latin beats with popular music hits. His work continues to explore that area where genres blend to create something new. Discussing his work on En-

canto, Mendes told Jordan Levin of the McClatchyTribune News Service, “Encanto is all about working with people of different cultures and generations. At the end of the day it’s about celebrating music. I feel great about that.” Mendes has been celebrating music for more than four decades. He has a lot to feel great about.

Selected discography Solo Dance Moderno, Philips, 1961. (With Cannonball Adderley) Quiet Nights, Capitol, 1963. Swinger from Rio, Atlantic, 1965. Beat of Brazil, Atlantic, 1967. Great Arrival, Atlantic, 1967. Sergio Mendes’ Favorite Things, Atlantic, 1968. Sergio Mendes, Elektra, 1975. Homecooking, Elektra, 1976. Sergio Mendes, A&M, 1983. Picardia, A&M, 1983. Confetti, A&M, 1984. Arara, A&M, 1989. Brasileiro, Elektra, 1992. Oceano, Verve, 1996. Timeless, Concord Records, 2006. Encanto, Concord Records, 2008.

With Brazil ‘65, ‘66, ‘77, and ‘88 Brazil ‘65, Capitol, 1965. Herb Alpert Presents Sergio Mendes & Brazil ‘66, A&M, 1966. Sergio Mendes & Brazil ‘65 in Person at El Matador!, Atlantic, 1966. Equinox, A&M, 1967. Look Around, A&M, 1967. Fool on the Hill, A&M, 1968. Ye-Me-Le, A&M, 1969. Crystal Illusions, A&M, 1970. Stillness, A&M, 1970. Primal Roots, A&M/Odeon, 1972. Love Music, Bell, 1973. Brasil ‘88, Elektra, 1977. A&M 25th Anniversary Classics, Vol. 18, A&M, 1987. Sergio Mendes &Brasil ’66 Greatest Hits, A&M, 1987.

Sources Books Knopper, Steve, editor, MusicHound Lounge: The Essential Album Guide, Visible Ink Press, 1998.

Periodicals McClatchy-Tribune News Service (Washington), May 20, 2008. Washington Times, October 12, 2006, p. M02.

Mendes • 111

Online “Musicmaker: Sergio Mendes,” Space Age Pop Music, http:// www.spaceagepop.com/mendes.htm (August 30, 2002). “Sergio Mendes,” All Brazilian Music, http://www.allbrazilian music.com (August 30, 2002). “Sergio Mendes,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (August 30, 2002). “Sergio Mendes, Album—Oceano,. Year—1968, Label— Verve,” Connectbrazil.com, The Jazz Site, http://www.the jazzsite.net/files/sergiomendes.htm (August 30, 2002).

112 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“Sergio Mendes: Biography,” William Morris Agency, http:// www.wma/sergio_mendes/bio/SERGIO_MENDES.pdf (August 30, 2002). “The Sergio Mendes Discography,” A&M Corner, http://www. brazil66.com/index.php (August 30, 2002). “Sergio Mendes Discography,” Brazilian Music Guide, http:// www.slipcue.com/music/brazil/mendes.html (August 30, 2002). —Bruce Walker and Eve Hermann

A

lison Moyet first gained attention as the powerful, blues-inflected voice of Yaz (know as Yazoo in Great Britain), the electro-pop duo that topped the British charts in the early 1980s. Since leaving Yaz in 1984 she has maintained a successful, if somewhat uneven, solo career as a singer/songwriter, in recent years returning to the rhythm and blues sound that she thrives on. Yaz—a collaboration between Moyet and Vince Clarke, who went on to form Erasure—was distinguished from other synthesizer-based groups such as the Eurythmics, to whom they were often compared. Moyet’s rich, emotive vocal style proved that synth-pop could have soul.

Alison Moyet

Moyet has been compared to female vocalists as diverse as Annie Lennox, Linda Thompson, Sade, Tina Turner, Dusty Springfield, Nona Hendryx, Marianne Faithful, and Janis Joplin, a favorite of Moyet’s. Yet with her booming, soulful voice, her no-nonsense approach to the music business, and her frank if sometimes enigmatic lyrics about love, sex, and friendship, Moyet stands out as an original presence in the recording industry. She is also known for speaking her mind. Among other things, she has strong opinions about the role of women in popular music: “I like to cut out the him and hers in songs so both sexes can relate to it and I don’t like the idea of songs portraying the female as submissive and always weak,” she informed Colin Irwin in Melody Maker.

Singer, songwriter

Collaborated With Vince Clarke

AP Images

An acclaimed pop star in Europe, in the United States Moyet has remained something of a dance-floor cult figure. Her United States audience is loyal, however, and when she toured the country after the release of her 1991 album Hoodoo, she played sold-out gigs, even though she had been off the club circuit for a number of years. Moyet has expressed more interest in having her music taken seriously than in selling a lot of records, and views her relative obscurity in the United States as an opportunity to move past the Yaz years. She told Julie Romandetta of the Boston Herald, “I never sold masses of records in America, therefore I’m a relatively new and unknown artist. Every piece of work I do is taken completely on its own merit, it doesn’t come with a load of baggage.” A thriving pub-rock scene in Moyet’s hometown of Basildon, England, provided an outlet both for Moyet’s love of music and her rebellious streak. She began playing in bands when she was 15 and left school at 16, later returning to study music. She performed in an all-female trio, the Vandals, which was influenced by X-Ray Spex. She also worked with later bands the Vicars and then the Screaming Abdads, who introduced Moyet to the rhythm and blues sound that has been a hallmark of her vocals ever since. In 1982, tired of the pub-rock circuit and also fed up with feeling like an outsider as the female singer in all-male bands,

Moyet • 113

For the Record . . .

B

orn Genevieve Alison Moyet on June 18, 1961, in

Essex, England; known as “Alf”; married Malcolm

Lee, c. 1983 (divorced, c. 1989); married David Ballard; children: Joe (with Lee), Alex (daughter, with Kim McCarthy), Caitlin (with Ballard). Education: Dropped out of school at age 16; returned to study music and music technology at two colleges; attended the College of Furniture.

ing year, when Moyet and Clarke went into the studio to record their second album, You and Me Both, they no longer agreed on the sound they wanted. “We were having to compromise with each other too much,” Moyet told Jon Young in Musician. “Vince liked lightweight pop and I wanted something with a bit more depth. That was okay on the first album, but after that we got stale.” Relations became so strained between the two that they worked on the record during separate shifts. Moyet explained to Irwin that Clarke “was never there to listen to me sing. He was never there to say ‘That’s a good vocal’ or ‘That’s not a good vocal.’ And yet if he didn’t like something I’d get rung up and made to come to the studio to do it again.”

Began playing with bands in local pubs, c. 1976; played with the Vandals, the Vicars, and the Screaming Abdads

Solo Album Reached Top Ten

before teaming up with Vince Clarke to form Yaz, 1982; released Upstairs at Eric’s, 1982; released You and Me Both, agreed to disband Yaz, 1983; released debut solo album, Alf, 1984; Raindancing, 1987; Hoodoo, 1991; Essex, 1994; performed role of Mama Morton in London run of musical Chicago, 2001; released Hometime, 2002; Voice, 2004; wrote song and performed in the play Smaller, 2006; released The Turn, 2007; reunited with Clarke to perform Yaz songs on summer tour, 2008. Awards: British Recording Industry, awards for top British female artist, 1983, 1985, and 1987. Addresses: Record company—W14 Music, 1 Sussex Place, London W6 9EA, phone: 020-7471-5000.

Moyet placed a classified ad in Melody Maker, a British music magazine. “Female singer looking for a rootsy blues band,” she wrote in the ad. What she got instead was Vince Clarke. Clarke had just left the techno-pop band Depeche Mode, which he had cofounded, and wanted a female singer to provide the vocals for a ballad he had written, “Only You.” Despite their very different backgrounds, the two musicians sounded surprisingly good together, and so Yazoo was formed from the unlikely combination of synthesizer genius Clarke and blues belter Moyet. In the United States they were known as Yaz, for legal reasons. “Only You” turned out to be a hit, one of four songs on 1982’s Upstairs at Eric’s to make it into England’s top ten. Although their first album was wildly successful and brought Yaz an enthusiastic following, tensions between the duo were beginning to mount. By the follow-

114 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

The perhaps inevitable clash between two willful artistic temperaments led to the breakup of the band once You and Me Both was completed. Moyet told Irwin that, in her opinion, there were only four good tracks on the whole album. The critics seemed to agree, and although the album sold fairly well, it did not enjoy the runaway success of Upstairs at Eric’s. Clarke went on to form the short-lived Assembly and then Erasure with singer Andy Bell. Meanwhile, Moyet’s attempts to establish a solo career ran into legal difficulties, and for well over a year she found herself caught up in litigation concerning her recording contracts. In 1984 Moyet went back into the studio, this time with Tony Swain and Steve Jolley, veteran British producers who had found success with Bananarama and Spandau Ballet. Her first solo venture, Alf, titled after Moyet’s nickname, sold over a million and a half copies in Britain and hit the top ten in several European countries, New Zealand, and Japan. Three of its tracks, “Love Resurrection,” “All Cried Out,” and “Invisible,” penned for her by Lamont Dozier, hit the top ten. Moyet was named top female vocalist at the 1985 British Record Industry Awards, the English version of the Grammys. Yet Alf, dominated by the slick pop sound of Swain and Jolley’s production, did not entirely satisfy either Moyet or the critics. Talking to Irwin, she dismissed her huge hit, “All Cried Out,” as “a lightweight love song.” A year after the release of Alf, she told Billboard she was looking for new producers to give her next album a different sound: “It will be something with a bit more energy; less glossy, with lots of color.” Took Break From Recording Moyet did not rush back into production. In the spring of 1985 she gave birth to her first child, Joe. That July she performed a duet with Paul Young at Live Aid, the benefit concert organized to raise money for famine

relief in Africa. Her next album, 1987’s Raindancing, reflected Moyet’s desire to take more responsibility for the songwriting, this time working with Jimmy Iovine, whose more understated production gave freer rein to Moyet’s interpretations. Raindancing instantly hit England’s top ten charts, although it did not fare any better in the United States than Alf had. The album earned Moyet another best female artist title at the 1988 British Record Industry Awards. Moyet still felt dissatisfied with her recordings, however. She was not enjoying her success, largely because she felt she was not in control of the music she was making. Chris Heim in the Chicago Tribune reported that Moyet “found producers treating her like just another instrument and hired hand.” Frustrated, Moyet took a four-year break from recording and spent the next several years struggling with both her personal life and her musical aspirations. During that time she divorced her husband, Malcolm Lee, had her second child, daughter Alex, and reexamined her career. She was not satisfied with selling millions of records. “I’ve never been the kind of person that lusted after fame or lusted after money,” Moyet told Heim. She emerged from this period with a handful of songs that expressed the anguish and triumph she had been experiencing. In 1991 she made her third record, the critically acclaimed Hoodoo. Discussing the album with Romandetta, Moyet said, “I had a low period where I couldn’t write or do anything and I was having a bit of a bad time in my personal life. Once I started examining what was happening to me, I was able to write again. Writing [Hoodoo] was a very cathartic experience.” Although it was hailed by many critics as her finest album yet and garnered Moyet her first Grammy nomination, it was not a major commercial success in either Great Britain or the United States. Moyet’s career took a more satisfying direction with Essex, her 1994 release, which continued to highlight the singer’s very personal lyrics and give fuller range to her voice. Emphasizing guitars over synthesizers, Essex found Moyet moving away from a strictly pop format. If Hoodoo was a somewhat experimental venture, Moyet seemed to have taken away from it a clearer sense of what she wanted out of her own music. And she seemed willing to forego the huge, adoring crowds of fans that Yaz inspired, in return for a smaller, more seriously interested audience. After Hoodoo she told the Chicago Tribune, “To be honest I would much rather have an audience of 5 or maybe 10 percent of what I used to have, but people who understood what I was and where I could just be myself.” Unfortunately, her record company did not share her desire. They were interested in huge-selling pop albums. The standoff between Moyet and her record company turned into

an eight-year battle, during which the company refused to release her from her contract. Unwilling to meet the demands Sony was making, Moyet refused to record for them. Performed Again With Clarke In 2002 Sony finally released Moyet from her contract. She immediately released the album Hometime on the Sanctuary label. The album was nominated for a Brit award for best female vocals. The album added steam to an already strong comeback by Moyet, who had made an astounding debut at London’s Adelphi Theatre staging of the musical Chicago. Luke Leitch of the London Evening Standard reviewed her debut performance as prison matron Mama Morton: “When she took the stage … to belt out her opening number last night, the Adelphi’s packed auditorium saluted Ms. Moyet’s long overdue return with a deafening cacophony. … And then she sang, and the audience fell silent.” Moyet followed up Hometime two years later with an album of popular and jazz classic covers called Voice. For the album she worked with Academy Awardwinning producer Anne Dudley, who worked to make the album a showcase for the unique and powerful aspects of Moyet’s singing. The tour for the album was called One Blue Voice and featured an eight-piece band, including a string quartet. In 2006, Moyet signed with the London label, W14, and by the next year released her next album, The Turn. The album featured songs written almost entirely by Moyet, including three songs she wrote for the play Smaller, in which she also had a role. Now firmly on the road to expressing her creativity and releasing albums that suited her personal goals, Moyet had a chance to review her career, and again found something lacking. When Yaz broke up, it was before their second album had been released, and the duo never performed the songs live. Moyet explained to Glenn Gamboa of the McClatchy-Tribune News Service that “it was unfinished business,” and Moyet approached Clarke about performing together again. Clarke agreed, and the duo reunited for a series of performances in the summer of 2008, while their former recording company released a box set comprised of B sides along with their hits. Despite the success of the tour and the enthusiasm of fans, Moyet is not trying to reclaim her lost youth. To the contrary, she appears to be steadfastly rooted in the present moment. The reunion with Clarke was about tying up loose ends but also experiencing music on a physical level. Moyet has been enjoying her life too much and the maturity she has gained with experience. She explained to Todd Lanham of California’s Oakland Tribune that she lives her life in the present: “I don’t care for relics or building up big sets of memories. When I’m dead, I’m gone, and it’s just another day

Moyet • 115

gone by.” While she might not be building up big memories for herself, Moyet has managed to satisfy the memories and longings of her early fans while consistently providing enjoyable new material.

Selected discography With Yaz Upstairs at Eric’s, Mute-Sire, 1982. You and Me Both, Mute-Sire, 1983. In Your Room (4-disc compilation), Mute-Sire, 2008.

Solo Alf, Columbia, 1984. Raindancing, Columbia, 1987. Hoodoo, Columbia, 1991. Essex, Columbia, 1994. Hometime, Sanctuary, 2002. Voice, Sanctuary, 2004. The Turn, W14, 2007.

116 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sources Periodicals Advocate, December 1993. Billboard, November 2, 1985; February 19, 1994. Boston Herald, March 4, 1992. Chicago Tribune, March 6, 1992. Detroit Free Press, June 10, 1994. Evening Standard (London, England), August 14, 2001. McClatchy -Tribune News Service (Washington), July 8, 2008. Melody Maker, September 25, 1982; September 29, 1984. Metro Times (Detroit, MI), June 8-14, 1994. Musician, May 1985. Oakland Tribune (California), July 4, 2008. People, April 18, 1994. Village Voice, November 8, 1983. Additional information for this profile was obtained from Columbia Records press material, 1994. —Gina Hausknecht and Eve Hermann

Mr. Big Rock group

L

ike many super rockers of the late 1980s and early 1990s, the members of the metal-edged rock quartet Mr. Big preferred their hair long and their pants leather. What set them apart from other bands of the era was the depth of their talent. Mr. Big came together in 1989, complete with a hard-hitting lineup of established musicians. The group’s bass player, Billy Sheehan, had backed up David Lee Roth; the band’s guitarist, Paul Gilbert, had been a member of the popular LA band Racer X; Mr. Big’s drummer, Pat Torpey, had played alongside The Knack and Robert Plant; and Eric Martin, who covered vocals, had a semisuccessful solo recording career. Culling their talents, the group produced the 1992 chart-scorcher “To Be With You,” which spread overseas and hit the charts in more than 20 countries. “To Be With You” was a number one hit in the United States, Australia, Germany and Sweden, and hit number three in the United Kingdom. Despite their impressive lineup and musical abilities, Mr. Big was only moderately successful in the United States as a headlining act, though they opened for Aerosmith, Bryan Adams, Rush, and The Scorpions. Mr. Big enjoyed an incredible following in Japan, where its tours sold out and its albums went platinum. In sum, Mr. Big spent more than a decade in the limelight before disbanding in 2002. Founded Upon Heavy-Hitting Lineup Mr. Big was pulled together by the bass-wielding Sheehan. Sheehan grew up in Kenmore, New York, and started out on acoustic guitar. He yearned for an

electric guitar but his grandmother would not permit them in the house. After she died, Sheehan used part of the family inheritance to buy an electric bass. As a teen, he joined a local band called Light Years, then hit it big with Talas. One highlight from his dozen years with Talas included opening for Van Halen during the group’s 1984 tour. A year later, when David Lee Roth left Van Halen to pursue a solo career, he called upon Sheehan to back him up on bass. When that association ended, Sheehan decided to put his own band together, and Mr. Big was born. The group borrowed its name from a song titled “Mr. Big,” which was produced by the 1970s British rock band Free. Sheehan secured Gilbert, a Pittsburgh native, to play guitar. Gilbert ended up a musician against his mother’s wishes. Gilbert’s mother encouraged him to study chemistry in college. Instead, he felt pulled toward the Hollywood-based Guitar Institute of Technology and enrolled in 1984. “I really had enough of studying things I was lukewarm about,” Gilbert told the Pittsburgh Tribune Review’s Regis Behe. “I was really passionate about music and the guitar.” Once in Los Angeles, Gilbert fell into the music scene and went on to play with Racer X, which was famous in Southern California. Torpey joined on drums. Born in Cleveland, he became fascinated with drums after hearing a polka band at a family picnic at the age of seven. Shortly thereafter, he found some tree branches and made his first pair of sticks. Torpey got his first drum kit at 13. In 1983 he relocated to Los Angeles and established himself as an up-and-coming drummer and earned gigs on the television shows American Bandstand and Solid Gold. For a time, Torpey drummed for John Parr and was playing for The Knack when Sheehan and Gilbert lured him away. A California native, vocalist Martin started singing in the late 1970s and became popular with a band called 415—named after the area code of Marin, California. Moderately successful, 415 opened for Billy Squire, Journey, and Molly Hatchet. After securing a record deal, the group became known as The Eric Martin Band and released one album before breaking up in 1985. Martin recorded two solo albums before joining Mr. Big. In the early years, Mr. Big worked to establish itself as an equal-interest band. Sheehan often spoke for the group, but there was no official “frontman” or shining star. When it came time to write songs, they all contributed and shared equally in decisions. Speaking to the Washington Post’s Mike Joyce shortly after the release of Mr. Big’s debut album, Sheehan described the inner workings of the group. “I had just been in a band that was built around one person, and it was frustrating. Whatever you do, you’re always furthering someone else’s career. … Ultimately, I wanted to have

Mr. Big • 117

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Paul Gilbert (born in 1966; left

band in 1996), guitar; Richie Kotzen (born in

Pennsylvania, c. 1970; replaced Gilbert in 1999), guitar; Eric Martin (born in California in 1960), lead vocals; Billy Sheehan (born in New York, mid-1950s; son of Lorraine Brost), bass; Pat Torpey (born on December 13, 1959, in Cleveland, OH), drums. Group formed in 1989; released debut album, Mr. Big, Atlantic Records, 1989; released Lean Into It, Atlantic Records, 1991; released chart-topping single, “To Be With You,” 1992; released Bump Ahead, Atlantic records, 1993; released Hey Man, Atlantic Records, 1996; went on hiatus, late 1990s; regrouped with new guitarist, 1999; released Get Over It, Atlantic Records, 2000; released Actual Size, Atlantic Records, 2001; embarked on farewell tour, 2002. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic Records, 1290 Ave. of the Americas, 28th Fl., New York, NY 10104. Web site—Mr. Big Official Web site: http://www. mrbigsite.com/.

a successful record and band. So if I can stack the deck by creating a kind of gung-ho spirit by making sure we all share everything equally, it’s got to make a big difference. We all feel part of a band now, not just accessories.” Released Chart-Topping Ballad The group’s self-titled debut album, the hard-rocking Mr. Big, was released in 1989. It included the single “Addicted to That Rush,” which topped out at 39 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. The album was released during a spate of hard-rock albums and failed to attract much attention. Mr. Big scored with its second album, 1991’s Lean Into It, which went on to sell more than a million copies. The first single off the album was a retro-rocker titled “Green-Tinted Sixties Mind.” Band members thought this song would be a sure hit, but it failed to make the Top 40. The album’s breakaway single was the sing-along acoustic ballad “To Be With You,” which was not initially in the album lineup. Martin had written the song but did not figure it fit with the band’s hard-rock repertoire, so he did not promote it. One day in the studio, after Mr.

118 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Big had wrapped up a recording session, they found they still had some studio time left, so they began looking through their backlog of songs, trying to find something else. They came across “To Be With You.” “We heard it and we thought, ‘What the heck. Let’s do it. Let’s throw it together acoustically,’” Sheehan told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch’s Shawn Ryan. “We did it in a couple of hours.” The song made it onto the album, but the label did not consider it single-worthy. “To Be With You” caught the attention of a Lincoln, Nebraska, disc jockey, who put it on the air. Listeners went crazy and demanded the song, prompting Mr. Big’s label to release it as a single. MTV jumped on the video and the album started selling, eventually going platinum. The single itself sold more than 500,000 copies. Another fan favorite on Lean Into It was “Daddy, Brother, Lover, Little Boy (The Electric Drill Song),” which featured innovative guitar-playing by Gilbert. Many guitar players tap the strings while they play to get a frantic, turbulent sound. Gilbert, however, wanted to tap faster so he took a cordless drill, attached a pick to the end of a drill bit and used the contraption on his guitar strings. During live performances, this song was always a hit. The group’s third album, Bump Ahead, came out in 1993 and included a cover of Cat Stevens’s “Wild World.” Mr. Big’s acoustic version topped out at number 27 on the Billboard Hot 100 and faded away, in part because MTV would not play the video, instead favoring the grunge and rap songs of the day. The album also included the band’s version of “Mr. Big” and a speed-metal rocker, “Colorado Bulldog.” The harmonized ballad “Ain’t Seen Love Like That” failed to rise past 83 on the Billboard Hot 100, a huge commercial disappointment after the success of “To Be With You.” Popular with Critics, Overseas Mr. Big failed to hit it big with U.S. fans, yet critics always seemed to recognize their superb musicianship and songwriting capabilities. Mr. Big’s songs featured ascending guitar and bass lines and had a clear melody and identifiable lyrics—this was unusual for many rock bands of the day. As music critic Mary Kunz wrote in the Buffalo News, “It’s a pleasure to hear a band with two good, solid players, and Gilbert and Sheehan work together beautifully. Neither has visible pretensions, and neither hesitates to share the spotlight. Singer Martin … compliments the instrumentalists well. So unified is Mr. Big, in fact, that it’s tough to pinpoint exactly who is running the show.” Eventually, internal squabbling forced Gilbert to leave the lineup in 1996. He was replaced in 1999 by former Poison guitarist Richie Kotzen, who had been playing electric guitar since the age of seven and was playing gigs around his hometown of Reading, Pennsylvania, by age 12. Kotzen contributed to Mr. Big’s last two studio albums, 2000’s Get Over It and 2001’s Actual Size.

Throughout its run, Mr. Big remained popular overseas, once filling a Brazilian stadium with 100,000 fans. In Japan, Mr. Big’s live albums—such as Live Raw Like Sushi and Raw Like Sushi II—flew off the shelves. For several years in a row, Gilbert was voted “Best Pop Musician on Earth” by readers of Japan’s Yangu Geetah—or Young Guitar—magazine, which is the equivalent of the U.S.-based Rolling Stone. Called it Quits in 2002 Another interesting feature of Mr. Big was that the group did not set out to make records that would necessarily appeal to the commercial sensibilities of the day. After hitting it big with “To Be With You,” members did not try to force another ballad. Speaking to the Post-Dispatch’s Alan Sculley, Sheehan described the band’s music-making process. “We don’t necessarily have a plan when we sit down. We write a bunch of songs. We pick our favorite 30, we record them and we pick our favorites out of that. So there’s no real plan or scheme to pursue a particular stylistic direction or to favor one particular emotion over another. What happens kind of happens, and we kind of like it that way, too.” What happened over time is that the band fell apart. Mr. Big launched a farewell tour in 2002, playing their last show in Tokyo. Even after disbanding, Mr. Big continued to maintain a Web site for fans but the site made it clear the band was finished. “There are absolutely no plans of any kind whatsoever for Mr. Big [to] perform together in any way shape or form in the future.” The Web site went on to say that there were simply too many internal conflicts for the band to continue. After Mr. Big broke up, its members stayed in the spotlight and seemed thankful for the experience. “Mr. Big was a great experience in my life,” Martin told the Marin Independent Journal’s Jeff Burkhart. “Our passports were filled with stamps. Because of the campaigning that I did with Mr. Big in Japan, it opened doors for me to play in Japan as a solo artist, too.” As of the late 2000s, Mr. Big’s former members continued

to play and tour. Each has released at least one solo album.

Selected discography Studio Albums Mr. Big, Atlantic Records, 1989. Lean Into It, Atlantic Records, 1991. Bump Ahead, Atlantic Records, 1993. Hey Man, Atlantic Records, 1996. Get Over It, Atlantic Records, 2000. Actual Size, Atlantic Records, 2001.

Live Albums Raw Like Sushi, 1991. Mr. Big Live, 1992. Raw Like Sushi II, 1992. Japandemonium: Raw Like Sushi 3, 1994. Channel V at the Hard Rock Live, 1996. Live at Budokan, 1997. In Japan, 2002.

Sources Periodicals Buffalo News, October 8, 1993, p. G33; February 20, 1994, p. G1; February 26, 1994, p. 9 (Entertainment). Marin Independent Journal (California), May 25, 2006. Pittsburgh Tribune Review, April 12, 2007. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, March 12, 1992, p. 1E; March 18, 1994, p. 4F; March 26, 1994, p. 7D. Washington Post, October 6, 1989, p. N27; November 4, 1993, p. D1.

Online “News & Info,” Mr. Big Official Web site, http://www.mrbigsite. com/news.html (November 5, 2008). —Lisa Frick

Mr. Big • 119

M

Mudhoney

Rock group

udhoney set the stage for the emergence of grunge rock in the late 1980s. While other bands like Pearl Jam, Nirvana, and Soundgarden may have become better known faster, Mudhoney was getting the music out there before anyone else. As Elizabeth Wurtzel put it in Musician, “When Kurt Cobain [of Nirvana] was still living in Olympia [WA], and still finding graffiti on his bathroom wall informing him that he smelled like Teen Spirit deodorant, Mudhoney was gigging around and laying down the tracks that would comprise the band’s dazy, zoned-out, distortionpedaled sound—which eventually became the Seattle scene’s trademark.” It all began in the mid-1980s with Green River, Seattle’s seminal grunge unit. Around 1988 Mark Arm—Mudhoney’s rhythm guitarist and lead singer— quit Green River and hooked up with singer-guitarist Steve Turner. Turner had quit Green River a year earlier to attend college and study anthropology; Arm had already received his degree in English. (Jeff Ament and Stone Gossard—both of whom went on to play with Mother Love Bone and later to form Pearl Jam— were also Green River alumni.) Meanwhile, Arm and Turner joined with bass player Matt Lukin, who had just been kicked out of the Melvins, and drummer Dan

Charles J. Peterson//Time Life Pictures/Getty Images

120 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Mark Arm (born 1962), lead

vocals and rhythm guitar; Matt Lukin (left in

1999), bass; Guy Maddison (joined in 2001), bass; Dan Peters, drums; and Steve Turner, lead guitar and vocals. Band formed in 1988 in Seattle, WA; released first single, “Touch Me, I’m Sick,” on Sub Pop Records, 1988; released first EP, Superfuzz Bigmuff, 1988, and first full-length album, Mudhoney, 1989; signed with Reprise Records, 1992, released major label debut, Piece of Cake, 1992; Five Dollar Bob’s Mock Cooter Stew, 1993; My Brother the Cow, 1995; Tomorrow Hit Today, 1998; March to Fuzz, 2000; Since We’ve Become Translucent, 2002; and The Lucky Ones, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Warner Bros./Reprise Records, 3300 Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA 915054694.

Peters, who had drummed for many a band, including Nirvana. The band took the name “Mudhoney” from a Russ Meyer film. “We never meant to make an album,” Turner told Wurtzel. Helped Form New Musical Genre Not only did they make an album, they helped form an entirely new genre of music, which combined garage rock sounds and punk. Rolling Stone contributor Jason Fine declared, “Mixing ‘70s metal riffing and a no-frills punk sensibility, the Mudhoney sound echoes their name: It’s dense, sloppy, distorted and full of disaffection.” The lack of major mainstream popularity for Mudhoney involved many factors. For one thing, according to Mudhoney, true grunge is not what really got so big. Detour magazine’s Jon Regardie suggested that “Mudhoney’s oceans of feedback and distorted wahwah mess have never produced the palatable pop hooks that canonized Nirvana.” Bandmember Turner noted in Musician: “I don’t think [Nirvana’s kind of success] is going to happen to us. … We don’t play their kind of songs.” He commented further in CMJ, “We knew we weren’t a pop band. From the moment Nirvana hit, it made sense. We always thought they’d be huge, because it was their natural inclination. We’re

a grunge band; we’re the only one left.” Turner suggested that the bands that have become more popular did so because their music, no matter how alternative, still contained classic pop hooks and melodies. “In the end,” a Musician contributor wrote, “grunge was just a catchy way to market punk rock. But without Arm’s assorted bands … there would have been little to market.” Until Nirvana’s debut album broke all previous sales records, Mudhoney’s 1991 effort, Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge, was the small, independent Sub Pop label’s bestselling title. Sub Pop Records co-mogul Bruce Pavitt told Spin that “Mudhoney really set the stage for Nirvana. If Superfuzz Bigmuff [Mudhoney’s first EP] hadn’t been on the U.K. charts for a year and [the band] hadn’t been a big sensation, who knows what would have happened to Nirvana?” “Touch Me, I’m Sick,” Mudhoney’s first single, sold out its first three pressings. Superfuzz Bigmuff and the group’s first LP, 1989’s Mudhoney, won the band national acclaim in the independent rock world and got the group cited in an ‘89 Rockpool as the most preferred band by college radio programmers nationwide. With the release of Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge, the band grew hungry for a major label deal. “We keep thinking we’ll get free meals from all these record companies trying to impress us,” Turner told Spin. Arm continued, “We’re really paying our dues. But everyone out there is stealing our moves. These young punks are just plugging themselves into the grunge computer and getting rich off it with lots of money in their pockets. And they’re not sharing.” Still, they wanted to make it clear that they didn’t begrudge the guys in the big three–Nirvana, Pearl Jam, and Soundgarden–any of their success. Joined Major Label Reprise When Nirvana put grunge through the roof, the major labels scrambled to sign similar bands. Naturally they came sniffing after Mudhoney. The band didn’t mind— they were sick of the money troubles their independent label Sub Pop was having, and ended up signing with Reprise. Mudhoney’s first record for Reprise was Piece of Cake. Trent Hill wrote in Rolling Stone that he felt “most of the record skitters between competent reworkings of the band’s signature Stooges-meet-Blue Cheer sound and formulaic rock & role-playing that nobody, least of all Mudhoney, believes in anymore.” Hill didn’t think the album was completely without merit, however. “When Arm and company hit it,” he continued, “they go a long way toward making their new-found blues-metal vocabulary their own.” Musician thought that Cake “sounds a lot like all the other Mudhoney albums, except that it’s tighter and stronger, with more crunch

Mudhoney • 121

and speed. … It’s become increasingly clear that these guys couldn’t sell out if they wanted to.” Musician added that Piece of Cake “harks back to early Mudhoney, when the band’s sound was crazier, crankier and far more instinctual.” Just before recording Cake, Mudhoney contributed a song, “Overblown,” to writer-director Cameron Crowe’s 1992 movie Singles. In an article for Rolling Stone, Tom Sinclair wrote, “[Mudhoney] offers a sardonic look at Seattle’s sudden notoriety and the major-label race to snag the next big rock act with ‘Overblown’.” Singles and a few other mainstream films, along with the music, helped to spread grunge culture everywhere. Suddenly the garb of Pearl Jam’s Eddie Vedder and Nirvana’s Kurt Cobain was all the rage. Fashion runways saw models decked out in unkempt hair, cut-off army pants, and flannel flannel flannel. Then, as often happens with media hype and fashion overkill, grunge suddenly became a dirty word. In fact, it died. The capper came with Cobain’s devastating suicide in 1994. Sound Goes Mainstream Grunge music didn’t actually disappear. Seattle sound had become so mainstream it wasn’t necessary to distinguish it from other forms of alternative rock and roll. Commenting on the release of Mudhoney’s 1995 album My Brother the Cow, Rolling Stone contributor Grant Alden put it this way: “The first great grunge band from Seattle have composed the last great grunge record. That this has been accomplished so long after the fashion for flannel has expired is a delicious irony Mudhoney seem uniquely equipped to savor.” Alden went on to say, “Mudhoney got by for years on a riff and a phrase, delivered with piercing intensity but tossed off as if the quality of their work were irrelevant. … [This time,] for the first time, the band entered the studio with more songs than were absolutely required. The result is stunning. … Grunge is dead. Long live grunge.” People magazine contributor Andrew Abrahams predicted the band’s 1995 album might signal a crossover to the pop charts. “Mudhoney has injected My Brother the Cow with enough of the right elements—memorable choruses and tight grooves—to make it as commercially viable as the music of their friends and Seattle compatriots Pearl Jam. …Mudhoney delivers pure grunge—messy music that casts a powerful spell.” Mudhoney recorded one more album with Reprise, Tomorrow Hit Today. It did not have much commercial success, as by that time the rage for Seattle grunge had truly died down. As Arm told Doug Reece in Billboard, “The music industry is focused on something else now. It’s either kid pop bands, some kind of ska or swing revival, or this electronica thing.” Soon after, Matt Lukin left the band, saying he was fed up with touring. Mudhoney released March to Fuzz, a

122 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

retrospective compilation of old songs, which also seemed to indicate the group was finished as a band. However, in 2001 they played some live dates in the Northwest, replacing Lukin with Steve Dukich. The shows were well-received, so Mudhoney decided to keep going, adding Guy Maddison as the band’s new permanent bass player. They returned to Sub Pop and recorded Since We’ve Become Translucent in 2002. In the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Joe Ehrbar described the album: “The riffs are low-down and dirty. The beats toss and tumble like bowling pins. Maddison’s grooves are thick and supple, providing movement and an anchor. Turner’s leads sear, snake and shudder. While Arm’s sarcastic barbs and wry musings hit their mark every time.” By this time, the members’ lives had changed, and some of their career plans had also changed. Playing in the band was fun, but it was not paying the bills. In an interview with Darrin Fox in Guitar Player, Turner said, “When we hit our mid-30s, real life started getting in the way. We all have jobs now, and Mudhoney is almost like a hobby. Our drummer Dan is a stay-athome dad and Guy, our bass player, just finished nursing school.” Arm had a job at a graphics shop. In 2006 they released Under a Billion Suns, and followed it with The Lucky Ones in 2008. In Billboard, Jessica Letkermann wrote that the album “feels like a soundtrack to the recession,” with the band’s trademark fuzz guitar and Arm’s snarling vocal delivery. On the Sub Pop Records Web site, Jay Hinman described the album’s sound as “deliberately and aggressively raw.” In the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Arm told Jonathan Williams, “We actually do feel really lucky as far as still being a band and making the music we make and still being together.”

Selected discography Superfuzz Bigmuff (EP), Sub Pop, 1988. Mudhoney, Sub Pop, 1989. Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge, Sub Pop, 1991. (Contributors) Singles (Soundtrack: appear on “Overblown”), Epic Soundtrax, 1992. Piece of Cake, Reprise, 1992. (Contributors) Freedom of Choice: Yesterday’s New Wave Hits as Performed by Today’s Stars, Caroline, 1993. Five Dollar Bob’s Mock Cooter Stew (EP), Reprise, 1993. My Brother the Cow, Reprise, 1995. Tomorrow Hit Today, Reprise/Warner Bros., 1998. March to Fuzz, Sub Pop, 2000. Since We’ve Become Translucent, Sub Pop, 2002. The Lucky Ones, Sub Pop, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Anti-Matter, November/December 1992. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, June 5, 2008, p. P6. Billboard, November 21, 1992, p. 20; August 22, 1998, p. 27. CD Review, April 1995. CMJ, April 1995. Denver Post, September 15, 2006, p. FF11. Detour Magazine, March 1995. Entertainment Weekly, August 21, 1992; October 23, 1992; November 19, 1993. Guitar Player, February 1992; January 1993; January 1994; November 2002, p. 27; March 2006, p. 91; May 24, 2008, p. 61. Hits, April 17, 1995. Melody Maker, February 11, 1989; March 11, 1989; March 24, 1989; April 8, 1989; May 20, 1989; June 10, 1989; August 19, 1989; October 28, 1989; December 2, 1989; December 9, 1989. Musician, January 1993; June 1995. New Times, March 9, 1995. New York Times, October 31, 1992; April 20, 1994. People, October 26, 1992; May 8, 1995, p. 31. Playboy, November 1992. Request, April 1995.

RIP, July 1995. Rolling Stone, August 20, 1992; January 7, 1993; January 21, 1993; January 26, 1995; April 6, 1995; June 1, 1995. Scotsman, September 10, 2002, p. 15. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, August 23, 2002, p. 7. Seattle Times, August 27, 2002, p. E1. Spin, July 1991; February 1993. Stereo Review, December 1992; May 1994. Strobe, April 1995. Sunday Mail, (London, England), September 15, 2004, p. 24. Sunday Times (London, England), February 6, 2000, p. 20. Village Voice, November 8, 1988.

Online “Mudhoney Gear up for Superfuzz Reissue,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/mudhoney/biography (November 24, 2008). Mudhoney Official Web Site, http://www.mudhoney.net (November 24, 2008). Sub Pop Records Web Site, http://www.subpop.com/ mudhoney (November 24, 2008). Additional information for this profile was provided by Warner Bros./Reprise Records publicity materials, 1995. —Joanna Rubiner and Kelly Winters

Mudhoney • 123

V

N.E.R.D. Rock group

irginia childhood friends Chad Hugo and Pharrell Williams stepped into the role of sought-after producers at a relatively young age. Beginning in 1992, the duo first called themselves The Neptunes and slowly but surely began remixing and producing hiphop tracks all the way up to the big leagues and Grammy winnings. By 2001 The Neptunes had a string of top ten hits for the likes of Ol’ Dirty Bastard, Jay-Z, Usher, Britney Spears and ‘N Sync. The Grammywinning production team joined up with another childhood friend, rapper Shay, to form a band in 2001. They called themselves N.E.R.D., an acronym for No One Ever Really Dies. They wanted to take all the aspects of the music they were producing—hip-hop beats, club tracks, rock ’n’ roll fervor and pop appeal—and play and sing the music themselves. “Pop needs to be shaken up, and these extra-loose cannons may be the ones to do it,” wrote David Browne in Entertainment Weekly. While N.E.R.D.’s career often got off track due to The Neptunes’ busy production schedule and Williams’s solo work and persona, N.E.R.D. came back stronger than ever with 2008’s Seeing Sounds. With their studio skills and talent and their love for all genres of popular music, N.E.R.D.’s unique style could only have worked with The Neptunes at the helm. The

Johnny Nunez/WireImage

124 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Shay (Shay Hailey), vocals,

drums; Chad Hugo, producer, bass, guitar, key-

boards; Pharrell Williams (born April 5, 1973, in Virginia Beach, VA), vocals, producer, guitar, keyboards, percussion. Group formed in Virginia, 2001; signed to Virgin Records, released In Search Of…, 2002; Fly or Die, 2004; Seeing Sounds, Interscope, 2008. Awards: Shortlist Music Prize, Artistic Achievement in Music, 2002. Addresses: Record company—Interscope Records, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404, Web site: http://www.interscope.com/nerd. Web site—N.E.

kinetic whole; if Steely Dan had grown up in an inner city in the ‘90s, they would have sounded this way.” In 2003 Williams was becoming a celebrity as he released the solo track “Frontin’,” which featured Jay-Z, and the song was hugely successful. For N.E.R.D.’s sophomore record, Hugo and Williams knew from the start they wanted to use live instruments in the recording. Instead of relying on too many outsider players, the pair handled most of the instruments themselves. The album was beginning to take shape with some hip-hop-flavored danceable rock tracks like “She Wants To Move.” Talking with legendary pop icon Michael Jackson in Interview magazine, Williams explained his creativity to the King of Pop. “It’s a feeling. You treat the air as a canvas and the paint is the chords that come through our fingers, out of the keyboard. So when I’m playing, I’m sort of painting a feeling in the air.” He added, “And when it’s done you know it’s done. It’s like painting or sculpting. When you let it go it’s because you know that it’s finished. It’s completed.”

R.D. Official Web site: http://www.n-e-r-d.com.

band signed a deal with Virgin for the release of their debut album, In Search Of…. For their live sets, Williams and Shay took on vocals (and the occasional instrument), while Hugo was the musical wizard behind the scenes. Williams’s voice was hip-hop slang on one song and sexy falsetto with the next, moving the album all over the map. “N.E.R.D. is to the left because of its attitude,” Williams told Remix writer Ken Micallef. “Aesthetically, it’s individual music, written from the perspective of the conscious. The songs all have this other look to them, a whole different feel. …N.E.R.D. is written the way a person really thinks versus conversation. More like a conversation with one’s self versus everyday sayings.” Now that The Neptunes were known internationally, N.E.R.D. needed to match up with the same quality. Originally, In Search Of… was made in the traditional hip-hop style of using sampled beats. The record was originally released in 2001 in the United Kingdom, but the band was unhappy with the result, so they retooled it for the North American release. Williams wanted the music on the record to have the movement and soul of his heroes of the past, such as Michael Jackson, the Isley Brothers, Donny Hathaway, and Stevie Wonder. Funk-rock band Spymob was brought in to re-record the songs using live instruments. In Search Of… sold slightly fewer than half a million copies, and N.E.R.D. won an award for Artistic Achievement in Music at the second annual Shortlist Music Prize in 2002. Browne wrote that In Search Of… combined “jazz-fusion funk, rapping, and slippery soul harmonies into a cogent

In March of 2004, Virgin released N.E.R.D.’s sophomore album, Fly or Die. Once again, N.E.R.D.’s music was all over the place, yet it had a cohesive flow. “N.E.R.D.’s album is a set of clever, complex studiocrafted pop-complete with musicianly, smooth-jazz licks-that doesn’t owe allegiance to any one genre,” wrote Browne. Meanwhile, Williams was all over the radio, not with N.E.R.D. but on the Snoop Dogg track “Beautiful” and Jay-Z’s “Excuse Me Miss.” In 2005 Williams was named Best Dressed Man in Esquire magazine, and teamed up with Japanese designer Nogo to launch the clothing lines Billionaire Boys Club and Ice Cream. Finally, in 2006, Williams finished and released a solo album, In My Mind. There were a number of years in between N.E.R.D.’s 2004 album and their third, released in 2008, but the group had its reasons for taking so long. “[Fly or Die] was too consistent,” Williams told Jayson Rodriguez of MTV.com. “This [new] album took a few years to make in terms of … collecting the right records for it. I just was waiting for the right sounds. Creating [music] at the keyboard is like going fishing. You fish for it every day. And you either get it or you don’t get it.” In 2008 Interscope released Seeing Sounds. The album title was inspired by a show the band had seen on the Discovery Channel. Seeing Sounds, Shay told Shaheem Reid on MTV.com, was “a mixture of senses that may cause a person to experience colorful hearing, auditory smell. For example, you might see something, and it might trigger a song. You might hear something, and it might trigger a taste in your mouth. When we created this album, it was the music we envisioned while creating it. We decided it would be the appropriate title for the album.”

N.E.R.D. • 125

N.E.R.D.’s third album was made with their live show in mind, and the album was released in time for a tour with Kanye West. “Seeing Sounds is about going back to our roots,” Hugo told Micallef. “N.E.R.D. was known for just laying down a groove and really digging in the sounds, raw. There weren’t too many layers this time; we brought Spymob … Brent Paschke (guitar) and Eric Fawcett (drums) brought the funk from the original influences we had. Going from the classic rock to the ‘70s funk swing sound, they captured what we did as far as programming and sonic sketching that we created for them to play over. It was just a matter of joining those elements.”

Selected discography In Search Of…, Virgin, 2002. Fly or Die, Virgin, 2004. Seeing Sounds, Interscope, 2008.

126 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, March 15, 2002, p.74; April 2, 2004, p. 62. Interview, August 2003, p.120. Remix, June 1, 2008.

Online “Pharrell Williams Hopes to Reclaim N.E.R.D. Debut’s Chaotic Sound on their Next LP,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv. com/news/articles/1572524/20071022/index.jhtml (November 6, 2008). “Pharrell Williams Says N.E.R.D. Harness A ‘Big Monster of Energy’ On Forthcoming LP, Seeing Sounds,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1583963/20080324/ nerd.jhtml (November 6, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

I

sraeli-Yemeni singer Noa is known for her wide vocal range and her interesting live performances, which mix cabaret, jazz, folk, and soul, with lyrics in Hebrew and English. Her strongest musical influences are the singer-songwriters of the 1960s, including Paul Simon, Joni Mitchell, and Leonard Cohen. She has played at Carnegie Hall and at the White House, but still remains little known in the United States. Noa’s real name is Achinoam Nini; her first name means “sister of peace.” She was born in Israel to Yemeni parents. Her family moved to the Bronx, New York, when she was a baby. She told Dominic Pride in Billboard, “People thought I was Puerto Rican. Living in New York taught me a lot of things about art and culture; it got me to open my mind.” However, although she was very American among her friends, at home with her parents, she was immersed in Yemeni-Israeli culture. The experience of living in two worlds at the same time made her curious about her heritage and birthplace. She attended high school and studied dance at New York’s High School for the Performing Arts, but at age 17 she dropped out and went back to Israel for college. “I went back to Israel so I could discover myself,” she told Pride.

Noa Singer

After college, she was drafted into the Israeli army, and was assigned to tour military bases and entertain the troops. She spent two years doing her military service and then went to Tel Aviv, where she studied with musician Gil Dor. The two ended up working and performing together just as the first Gulf War began. Dor told Pride that they were once recording a single, “Ave Maria,” when the air raid sirens went off. Since they were underground in a soundproof studio, they couldn’t hear the sirens and didn’t know that everyone else had evacuated to bombproof shelters. Dor remarked, “I came up for some air, and the whole place was deserted.”

AP Images

Noa’s debut album was Achinoam Nini and Gil Dor. On her Web site, Noa wrote that this was “a real turning point for our careers,” because as performers, they had been known in Israel for performing other people’s music, not creating their own. She noted, “This album changed all that, sowing the seeds of our own style and marking a clear path into the big wide open.” In 1994 Noa released a self-titled album with Geffen, her first international release. On her Web site, she wrote that the songs were actually written before those on her debut album. Most of the songs were in English. As Noa wrote on her Web site, “Having grown up in the U.S., English is my first language of expression.” The album does include two songs in Hebrew, at the request of its producer, jazz guitarist Pat Metheny, who fell in love with the songs “Pokeach” and “Uri.” Pride remarked that this album was different from Live, because it was “smoother and more commercial” and

Noa • 127

For the Record . . .

B

orn Achinoam Nini in 1969, in Tel Aviv, Israel;

married Asher Barak; children: Ayehli, Ene’a.

Released Achinoam Nini and Gil Dor, 1993; Noa, 1994; Blue Touches Blue, 2000; Calling, 2001; Now, 2002; Napoli-Tel Aviv, 2006; and Genes and Jeans, 2008. Addresses: Management—More Management, 31 HaBarzel St., Tel Aviv, Israel 69710.

had a less ethnic feel, largely due to Metheny’s influence. Noa told Pride, “I was just thrilled to meet him and be in his company. It was very different working with him, as we used to produce ourselves. Sometimes we had contradicting opinions, but we trusted him.” In the Seattle Times, a reviewer described Noa’s songs as having “uplifting, timely and sometimes troubling lyrics of personal and political discovery,” and quoted her as saying, “Music is peace, and peace is about being open with each other.” In 2000 Noa released Blue Touches Blue, which she wrote with Dor. The lyrics for all the songs were in English, as Dor tried to appeal to a wider international audience. The record combined jazz and soul; the best-known track was “Beautiful That Way,” which was used as a theme for Roberto Benigni’s film Life is Beautiful. In 2002 she released Now, which was written during the first year of her daughter Ayehli’s life. At the same time, she was pregnant with her second daughter, Ene’a. This period of her life, she wrote on her Web site, was “a journey that has transported me from wherever it was I used to be (that place is fading fast) to where I am now: a small island of hope in a vast sea of uncertainty.” Noa went in a new direction in 2006 with Napoli-Tel Aviv, which was born from visits she had made to Italy in the 1990s. She fell in love with traditional Italian

128 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

music, particularly Neapolitan songs, and sang them in the local dialect at a series of concerts. The album collected these songs, translated into Hebrew, and also included new performances by Noa. She wrote on her Web site, “We understood that the songs had just been waiting to convert to Judaism and to make Aliyah to Israel, and now they are ours.” Noa’s 2008 album, Genes and Jeans, was born from Noa’s desire to reconnect with her Yemeni roots, particularly the songs her grandmother sang to her when she was little. She drew from these old melodies and wrote English lyrics to express their feelings of longing and love. She noted that although she had listened to many Yemeni singers for inspiration, none of them touched her as much as her grandmother Rachel. In Amusement Business, Lauren Jaeger quoted her promoter Moshe Rosenfeld, who said, “Noa is crossing over rapidly into international stardom. … Wherever she performs, and this has nothing to do with the makeup of the audience, they are ecstatic and many people consider her one of the greatest talents they’ve ever seen. She can’t be kept a secret. She has a voice equal to the greatest singers in the world.”

Selected discography Achinoam Nini and Gil Dor, NMC, 1993. Noa, Geffen, 1994. Blue Touches Blue, Polydor/Mercury, 2000. Calling, RCA/Victor, 2001. Now, Universal, 2002. Napoli-Tel Aviv, NMC, 2006. Genes and Jeans, Universal, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Amusement Business, May 25, 1998, p. 7. Billboard, May 21, 1994, p. 39; June 17, 2000, p. 372. Seattle Times, May 15, 1997, p. G8.

Online Noa Official Web Site, http://www.noasmusic.com/ (November 24, 2008), —Kelly Winters

T

Old 97’s Alternative-country group

he Old 97’s began their musical career as the darlings of the early alternative-country scene. The band’s lineup of guitarist/singer Rhett Miller, bassist/ singer Murry Hammond, lead guitarist Ken Bethea, and drummer Philip Peeples has remained constant since its founding. Like many other alternative country bands, the Old 97’s did not want critics and fans to box them into one musical style. Their participation in the 1997 Lollapalooza Tour proved that, as they jammed with some of the best groups on the alternative rock scene. The Old 97’s also included a number of pop songs on 1999’s Fight Songs. From their beginning, the Old 97’s have followed their muse regardless of the consequences. The Old 97’s formed in Dallas, Texas, in 1993. Miller and Hammond met in the mid-1980s and played together in several bands. The duo later left Texas to work on other projects. Hammond eventually persuaded Miller to move back to Texas to form Sleepy Heroes, a band that covered 1960s British rock. The band stayed together long enough to release one album. Hammond left Texas again, this time opening himself up to music that would have a profound effect on the Old 97’s sound. “It was probably really on that

Frazer Harrison/Getty Images

Old 97’s • 129

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Ken Bethea, lead guitar;

Murry

Hammond,

bass,

vocals;

Rhett

Miller, rhythm guitar, vocals; Philip Peeples, drums. Group formed in Dallas, TX, 1993; released debut Hitchhike to Rhome independently, 1994; signed to Bloodshot Records, 1995; recorded Wreck Your Life, 1996; extensive touring, 1995-96; appeared at the Gavin Convention in Atlanta and South By Southwest (SXSW) music festival in Austin, TX, 1996; signed to Elektra Records, 1996; recorded first album for that

sound failed to find a footing in Texas soil, however, so the band traveled north to Chicago. There they were astounded by the lively reception they received during their first gig, not realizing that they were practically in the backyard of similar-sounding bands like the Bottle Rockets and Jason and the Scorchers. “It was such a shock for us to go to Chicago,” Peebles told Shayla Thiel of the Washington Post, “because there was a group of listeners who actually liked us. We had never even heard of Uncle Tupelo before then.” Bloodshot Records signed the band in 1995, and they recorded the song “Por Favor” for the Insurgent Country, Vol. II compilation. In 1996 they recorded Wreck Your Life, an album that solidified their status as “the” alternative country band to watch. The five-song EP Early Tracks was released by Bloodshot in 2000, reminding everyone of the band’s energetic cow-punk roots.

label, Too Far to Care, 1997; played several dates with the Lollapalooza Tour, 1997; recorded Fight Songs, 1999; Early Tracks (Bloodshot, 2000); Satellite Rides (Elektra, 2001); cofounder Rhett Miller issued his second solo album, The Instigator, 2002; band signed with New West Records, released Drag It Up, 2004; issued Alive & Wired, 2005; appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jay Leno and had songs featured on soundtrack of television show Veronica Mars and in films Slither and The Break-Up, 2006; released Blame It On Gravity, 2008. Addresses: Record company—New West Records, P.O. Box 33156, Austin, TX 78764-0156, website: http:// www.newwestrecords.com. Booking—Gold Village Entertainment, 72 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016, phone: 212-741-2400, fax: 212-741-4871, Web site: http://www.goldve.com. Web site—Old 97’s Official Web site: http://www.old97s.com.

trip more than anything else that I rediscovered roots music—rediscovered the country background, rediscovered bluegrass,” Hammond told Peter Blackstock of No Depression. He eventually returned and reunited with Miller. In early 1993 Bethea entered the scene, and it was his lead guitar work that gave the fledgling band the country twang it needed. They played for a short time as an acoustic trio, but filled out their sound and went electric in late 1993 with the addition of drummer Peeples. Hammond, a train buff, suggested the name Old 97’s, which was drawn from Henry Whitter’s 1923 ballad about the 1903 Virginia railroad disaster, “The Wreck of the Old 97.” In 1994 the Old 97’s played locally and self-released their debut album, Hitchhike to Rhome. Their new

130 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1996 the band began a busy touring schedule that included performances at the South By Southwest music festival in Austin and the Gavin Convention in Atlanta. They also began to consider changing their record label and musical direction. They signed to Elektra in September of 1996 and released Too Far to Care in 1997. This album, and the group’s subsequent performances with the 1997 Lollapalooza Tour, would lead to accusations within the alternative-country community that the group had sold out. Critics said that the “twang” had been toned down on Too Far to Care, and that Lollapalooza’s alternative-rock orientation did not fit the group’s style. The band, however, continued to move forward. “Sure, we made a rock record,” Miller told Andy Langer of the Austin Chronicle, “but we didn’t necessarily set out saying we’re not going to do any country either. We just wanted to make a record that didn’t pander.” In 1999 the Old 97’s once again bucked the trend by releasing Fight Songs, an album filled with pop tunes. Two of the songs, “Nineteen” and “Murder (Or a Heart Attack),” received radio play, and the band began to sell out 1,500-seat auditoriums on tour. While the stylistic shifts—from alternative country to rock to pop— probably puzzled some fans, it seemed a natural shift to the band. “I’m really glad that we kept what we kept,” Miller told Blackstock, defending Fight Songs. While 2001’s Satellite Rides would rock harder, the shift in themes continued. Two of the band members were now fathers, and wives and girlfriends—barred from early recording sessions—were invited to the studio. The irony that drenched earlier songs no longer seemed appropriate to group members who had fallen in love, had children, and grown a little older. The growth and changes in the music of the Old 97’s were also representative of the trends within the alternative-country community. Bands like Wilco had also traveled the same road, starting with Gram Parsons influences and steel guitars, and then moving to the Beatles and hook-laden pop songs. Songwriters

like Miller and Hammond placed more importance on crafting good songs than on trying to fit into a preconceived genre. The band was also quick to point out that despite a change in record labels and a change in the band’s sound, they hadn’t yet become famous—that is, sold out. Still, the band had high hopes for the future. Miller, who had residences in New York and Los Angeles, returned to Texas for three months and lived with the band while making Satellite Rides. “It just made us a lot closer as a band,” he told Wes Orshoski of Billboard. “So, it’s different from the last record in that respect—we’re a lot more of a band.” This harmony and openness to change appears to guarantee that the Old 97’s will continue to make music that will perk up listeners’ ears, no matter what musical category it happens to be in. Miller, the band’s good-looking front man, has also recorded as a solo act with bassist Hammond. Written and recorded during lengthy breaks from the Old 97’s, the resulting discs have allowed Miller to explore avenues of pop, country, and rock not taken with his more famous band. Bandmate and frequent collaborator Hammond was also seldom idle, playing on side projects with his wife, singer and voice actress Grey DeLisle. Further, in 2008 Phillip Peebles began filling his spare time by drumming for an alternative countryrock aggregation known as I Like Math. However, these individual endeavors have paled next to the achievements of the band as a whole. After losing their contract with Elektra in 2002, the group seemed to scatter. However, after signing with wellconnected independent New West Records in 2004, the Old 97’s began crafting an impressive body of mature work. In addition to releasing the studio set Drag It Up, they capitalized on their reputation as a great live act with the two-disc in concert set Alive & Wired in 2005. Their strong cult following led to some of their songs appearing on soundtracks for the 2006 motion pictures Slither and The Break-Up, the latter starring Vince Vaughn and Jennifer Aniston. More promising still was their 2008 release Blame It On Gravity, which Andy Turner of Country Standard Time called “a career highlight for the Texas quartet.” Turner called it “an unforgettable effort, for sure, from the veteran group.”

Selected discography Hitchhike to Rhome, self-released, 1993; reissued, Elektra, 1999. (Rhett Miller solo) Mythologies, Carpe Diem, 1994. Wreck Your Life, Bloodshot, 1996. Too Far to Care, Elektra, 1997. Fight Songs, Elektra, 1999. Early Tracks, Bloodshot, 2000. Satellite Rides, Elektra, 2001. (Rhett Miller solo) The Instigator, Bloodshot, 2002. Drag It Up, New West, 2004. Alive & Wired, New West, 2005. Hit By a Train: The Best of the Old 97’s, Elektra/Rhino, 2006. (Rhett Miller solo) The Believer, Elektra, 2006. (Murry Hamilton solo) I Don’t Know Where I’m Going But I’m On My Way, self-released, 2008. Blame It On Gravity, New West, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, March 24, 2001, p.18.

Online “Alternative Country, Indy Scene Grows,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com (April 2, 2001). “The Old 97’s,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusicguide. com (November 30, 2008). “Old 97’s” Internet Movie database, http://www.imdb.com, (November 30, 2008). “Old 97’s Hammond offers solo CD,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com (November 30, 2009). “Old 97’s’ Rhett Miller Ponders Radio, Plant Closures, and the Bi-coastal Life,” LiveDaily, http://www.livedaily.city search.com/news/2928.html (April 12, 2001). “The Old 97’s Ride New Track,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com (April 2, 2001). “Old 97’s: Too Far To Care?” Washington Post, http://www. washingtonpost.com (April 4, 2001). “Rhett Miller,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (November 30, 2008). “Wreck Your Image,” Austin Chronicle, http://www.weekly wire.com (April 4, 2001). “You Can’t Please Everyone, So You’ve Got To Please Your self,” No Depression, http://www.nodepression.net (April 2, 2001). —Ronald D. Lankford, Jr. and Ken Burke

Old 97’s • 131

made him want to be a guitar player, and he soaked up the works of Bob Seger, Bryan Adams, and Led Zeppelin.

James Otto Singer, songwriter

S

inger-songwriter James Otto personifies the modern country music star. Neither southern by birth nor particularly fond of traditional country music, he has employed equal parts classic rock, ‘70s Outlaw Country, and heartfelt hook songs to forge a sound that has become popular with the genre’s contemporary audiences. Otto demonstrated that he had the chops to compete with the likes of Kenny Chesney, Big & Rich, and Rascal Flatts with his very first album. However, his debut foundered and his label lost confidence in him. Persistent and talented, the singer re-emerged a few years later on a different label with a number one hit, “Just Got Started Lovin’ You.” Born James Allen Otto on July 29, 1973, in Fort Lewis, Washington, he is the son of a career military man. Both his father and grandfather were amateur guitarists. “My dad was a rock ’n’ roll guy,” he told Hip Online. “He loved Led Zeppelin, but my grandfather was a country singer.” Their love of music, plus his mom’s record collection, made Otto want to be a singer. “I got a record player with a mic on it when I was three or four,” he recalled in an online bio posted on Great American Country Television (GACTV.com). “And I’ve been singing ever since.” During his grade school years, Otto began learning to play the violin. Later, he took on the saxophone and received some rudimentary vocal training in his church choir. Yet his true instrument came to him by mere chance. When he was 13 years old, the boy found a guitar in his neighbor’s trash and his musical vision changed. Such rock icons as Van Halen and Prince

132 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

His parents split up, and Otto and his mother moved around the country, dividing their time between his maternal grandparents’ home in North Dakota and his mother’s new home in the small town of Sand Mountain, Alabama. It was in the latter region that local kids exposed him to the works of Southern rockers, ala Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Allman Brothers, Charlie Daniels, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, and particularly Hank Williams Jr. “The reason I play country music today is Hank Williams Jr.,” he was quoted as saying on GACTV.com. “He made country music cool to me. Prior to that, [country] was what my grandparents were listening to.” After high school, Otto enlisted in the Navy for two years, married, and then settled in eastern Washington, working random day jobs and singing cover tunes with an aggregation called the Desert Fire Band. After his divorce, Otto decided to leave Washington and give Nashville a try. He explained to Jeffrey B. Remz of Country Standard Time, “I figured I could do whatever I was doing in Washington, I could do the same thing in Tennessee and have the chance to pursue music fulltime. That’s all I wanted and ever wanted was to play music for a living.” Without investigating the scene, Otto sold all his possessions except an acoustic guitar, and moved to Nashville in 1998. At first he faced hard times. “When I moved to town, I didn’t know anybody,” he told CMT. com. “Basically, I got an apartment in East Nashville, almost right next to a crack house. At night, people were shooting off guns … and it was definitely a hard time. But I wrote some of the best songs in my life right there, and it made me who I am today, no question. It adds a little character.” Working 60 hours a week driving a truck for an oil company, the aspiring singer-songwriter hit all the open mic spots in Nashville, and sharpened his skills at songwriting seminars and songwriter clubs. In 1999 his efforts as a part of the Muzik Mafia—a group of likeminded songwriters including Big & Rich, Gretchen Wilson, and Cowboy Troy—landed him a songwriting deal, but major labels didn’t express any interest until 2003. After raising $3,000 with his friend Scott Parker, Otto financed a six-song demo that convinced Luke Lewis to sign him to the Mercury Nashville label. Moreover, Mercury arranged for Otto to tour with superstar Shania Twain months before his debut album was ready for release. “Shania and her band/crew were really great to me,” Otto told About.com. “I got some great exposure, and gained a lot of experience playing huge arenas like Madison Square Garden. And, I learned a lot from playing in front of an innovator like Shania.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn James Allen Otto on July 29, 1973, in Fort

Lewis, Washington; son of a career military man;

married twice; second wife: Amy. Country singer/songwriter, 1998–; began career in Nashville attending songwriter seminars, eventually becoming a member of the Muzik Mafia; toured with Shania Twain, 2003; signed with Mercury Records, released Days of Our Lives, 2004; appeared in the movie Road House 2: Last Call, 2006; appeared on CMT television series Country Music Across America, 2007; signed with Warner Bros., released Sunset Man, which included number one single “Just Got Started Lovin’ You,” 2007; has appeared on episodes of television series CMT Insider, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Raybaw Records, 20 Music Square East, Nashville, TN 37203, phone: 615748-8000, Web site: http://www.raybaw.com. Web

2006 film Roadhouse 2: Last Call led to another big label opportunity. Signing with the Warner Bros. subsidiary Raybaw, Otto called in his brother-in-law Jay DeMarcus of Rascal Flatts to co-produce his second album, Sunset Man. Pleasingly eclectic, the disc embraced all of Otto’s stylistic urges, from country, rock, and blues to soul. The breakthrough song from Otto’s second album was the romantic and raw “Just Got Started Lovin’ You,” which spent two weeks as a number one country song and rose to number 27 on the pop charts. The album itself soared to number three on Billboard’s Top 200 album chart. This burst of success resulted in a Country Music Association nomination for New Artist of the Year (he lost out to Lady Antebellum). The big surprise was a Grammy nomination for Best Male Country Vocal Performance for “Just Got Started Lovin’ You,” and Best Country Song for his co-write of Jamey Johnson’s recording of “In Color.” Stunned, Otto was quoted by Country Standard Time as saying, “By the time I was writing and recording Sunset Man, I had been through 10 years of ups and downs in the music business. I was finally signed to Warner Bros. Records and had met and married my wife, Amy. I had really grown as an artist and knew what I wanted to say—I wrote straight from the heart.”

site—James Otto Official Web site: http://www. jamesotto.net.

Selected discography Days of Our Lives, Mercury Nashville, 2004. Sunset Man, Warner Bros./Reprise, 2007.

Otto’s first Mercury single release was “The Ball,” a solid Garth Brooks-style ballad that hit number 45 on the country charts. The follow-up album, Days of Our Lives, contained a solid mix of raucous southern rockers and formulaic Nashville ballads, five of which were written or co-written by Otto. Yet sales proved disappointing. The romantic title track rose to number 59, while the penitent “Sunday Morning and Saturday Night” limped to number 63 on the charts. Disappointed, Mercury allowed Otto’s contract to run out without releasing any further projects. In his GACTV. com bio, Otto blamed Mercury for his debut album’s failure. “I had three different A&R chiefs during the making of my first album. The original vision was diluted. I started out with all the creative control in the world and by the end of the process it was, ‘Go cut these songs and do them this way.’” Refusing to give up, Otto continued to write, play shows, and add background vocals to projects with his MuzikMafia colleagues. “What the [MuzikMafia] did for me was to keep me visible at a time when I wouldn’t have been visible,” Otto told GACTV.com. “They put me up on stage and gave me a place to play and lifted me up, helped me get my feet back on the ground so I could make this thing work.” Eventually, his appearances on CMT’s MuzikMafia TV and a brief role in the

Sources Online “Despite His Ballads, James Otto Wants to Rock,” CMT.com, http://www.cmt.com/artists/news/1485753/2004031/otto_ james.jhtml, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto,” IMDB.com, http://www.imdb.com, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto biography,” Great American Country Television, http://www.gactv.com/gac/cda/article_print/0,3008,GAC_ 26071_5787862_DS-ARTICLE, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto Credits Hank Jr.,” Great American Country Television, http://www.gactv.com/gac/cda/article_print/0,3008, GAC_26063_5877823_DS-ARTICLE, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto gets ready for the days of our lives,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com/d/ print/article.asp?xid=671, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto Interview,” About.com, http://www.acountrymu sic.about.com/cs/interviews/a/bljamesottoint.htm?p=1, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto—Interview,” Hip Online, http://www.hiponline. com/music-interviews/james-otto-interview/, (December 12, 2008).

Otto • 133

“James Otto Joins (Muzik) Mafia.,” Great American Country Television, http://www.gactv.com/gac/cda/article_print/0,30 08,GAC_26063_5917764_DS-ARTICLE, (December 12, 2008). “James Otto suffers Grammy Shock,” Country Standard Time, http://www.countrystandardtime.com/new/newsitem. asp?, (December 12, 2008). —Ken Burke

134 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

F

Paramore Rock group

or avid MTV viewers and alternative radio listeners, Paramore exemplify your average teenager more than, say, a Disney starlette, or even Fall Out Boy. The group’s feisty female singer, Hayley Williams, was only 14 when the band signed its first record deal, and the rest of the group were still in high school. The band’s music is full of authentic teen crushes, emotion, and an authenticity that few of their musical contemporaries have possessed. Paramore arrived fresh out of Tennessee, and went on to dominate MTV’s video rotation, performing at the MTV Music Video Awards and earning a Grammy nomination after the release of their sophomore album. Not only was teenage singer Williams a standout with her red hair, she was a girl her fans looked up to, a girl they wanted to be, or wanted to date. The original seeds of Paramore started when lead singer Hayley Williams was 13. Brothers Josh and Zac Farro had moved to Tennessee, where they formed a band, with Josh on guitar and Zac on drums. After Williams moved there, she was asked to join their band. The group added bassist Jeremy Davis and rhythm guitarist Jason Bynum. Paramore started playing at high school talent shows and then ventured into

Theo Wargo/WireImage/Getty Images

Paramore • 135

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Jeremy Davis, bass; Josh

new-school mall punks angling for big time should— massive guitar riffs, sweetly infectious choruses, and soaring power ballads,” wrote Spin’s Trevor Kelley.

Farro, guitar; Zac Farro, drums; Hayley Wil-

liams, vocals. Group formed in Franklin, TN, 2004; signed to independent label Fueled By Ramen in 2005; released debut, All We Know is Falling, 2005; signed to Atlantic Records, released Riot!, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic Records, 1290 Ave. of the Americas, 28th Fl., New York, NY 10104. Web site—Paramore Official Web site: http://www. paramore.net.

rock clubs. In 2004, shortly after the band began playing in such venues, they were signed to Florida label Fueled By Ramen (Panic at the Disco, Cobra Starship). In an interview with Billboard, Ken Fermaglich of the Agency Group (who books Paramore) explained what he saw in the band so early on. “I was impressed by [Williams’s] raw talent at that young age,” Fermaglich said. “I knew when I met her that there was a star there. She knew exactly what she was doing, how she wanted to do it, and she had a plan.” Fueled By Ramen hooked Paramore up with James Wisner and Mike Green for the July release of their debut album, All We Know is Falling. They quickly headed off to tour across the United States as part of the Vans Warped Tour; something they would end up doing four years in a row. After the summer, Paramore toured with the then-hot emo-pop band Simple Plan until December of 2005, when guitarist Bynum left the band. Hunter Lamb immediately replaced him while Paramore toured with bands like Halifax and Bayside. Paramore spent the summer of 2006 on the Vans Warped Tour, to an ever-larger audience. During this time, Lamb left the band to get married, and Paramore decided then and there to continue as a quartet. With her fire-red hair and punk edge, Williams has been a key ingredient in Paramore’s success. Mikael Wood, a writer for the Baltimore City Paper, called Williams “a self-assured firebrand who makes that upbeat pop-punk emo-rock work as more than a repository for teenage guys’ fear of females.” When summer was over, Paramore sat down with producer David Bendeth to make their sophomore album, releasing Riot! in the summer of 2007. They went on the road again, this time as headliners. “This melodic Tennessee foursome deliver everything that a group of

136 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“It definitely feels like we’ve come a long way,” Josh Farro told MTV.com. “Four or five years ago, all we did was hang out in [bassist] Jeremy [Davis’] living room and write songs. We never thought we’d be touring the world.” Paramore released the record Live in the UK 2008, and also recorded a song for the soundtrack of the teen vampire movie Twilight. Riot! singles “Misery Business” and “crushcrushcrush” made the band MTV favorites, and the group was nominated for Best Rock Video and performed at the MTV 2008 Video Music Awards. Riot! earned the young group a Grammy nomination for Best New Artist. “It’s awesome to see our songs and our music being accepted by so many people,” Williams told MTV.com. “ … We’re just having a blast.” After years of endless touring, 2009 has found Paramore eager to record new music. “The stuff we have now, the heavy stuff sounds a lot heavier, but the softer stuff is a lot softer, so I feel like it’s more diverse,” Josh Farro told MTV.com in another interview, about a third album. “I feel like we’ll be able to reach a lot more fans that we weren’t able to with Riot!.” Still young, but almost veterans at the same time, the band appeared to expect the third record to reflect age-old problems. “Personally and professionally, things that we never thought we’d go through, we’re experiencing and learning from,” Williams told Montgomery, about the nature of their upcoming record. “And just growing up in general. I think you’ll hear a lot of those types of themes. … I think things will start pouring out that I didn’t really know existed. And I’m psyched to see where it goes.”

Selected discography All We Know is Falling, Fueled By Ramen, 2005. Riot!, Fueled By Ramen/Atlantic, 2007. Live in the UK 2008, Fueled By Ramen, 2008. (Contributor) Twilight (soundtrack), Atlantic, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Baltimore City Paper, August 15, 2007. Billboard, October 6, 2007, p. 18.

Online “Paramore Love Rocking Out For You … And Your Parents,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/ 1575243/20071128/paramore.jhtml (November 10, 2008).

“Paramore Nervous About VMA Performance, Get Busy on New Album,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/ 1594048/20080903/paramore.jhtml (November 10, 2008). “Paramore, ‘Riot!,’” Spin, http://www.spin.com/reviews/para more-riot-fueled-ramen (November 10, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Paramore • 137

C

lassical pianist Leonard Pennario was one of the stars of the instrument in the mid-twentieth century, with brilliant, almost effortless technique and an ability to attract a broad spectrum of listeners. Steeped in traditions of pure virtuosity, Pennario was by some estimates the best-selling American-born pianist of his time. Beginning his career before reaching his teenage years, Pennario recorded more than 60 albums and was a marquee concert attraction for decades. He never lost his enthusiasm for taking the stage. “You have to play for the people,” he was quoted as saying by James Barron of the New York Times. “You have to play for an audience. You can’t just go into a studio and make records, you know?”

Leonard Pennario

Born on July 9, 1924, in Buffalo, New York, Leonard Pennario was the son of a shoe store owner. He attended Catholic schools and was steered toward the piano by a nun who noticed him picking out notes on a piano when he was in kindergarten. Pennario’s mother bought a piano at downtown Buffalo’s Denton, Cottier and Daniels music store, which allowed Pennario to take his first lessons. Two of the greatest pianists of all time visited Buffalo when Pennario was a child, and he heard them both. One was the Polish virtuoso Ignacy Jan Paderewski; the other was the Russian composer and pianist Sergei Rachmaninoff, whom Pennario heard when he was seven. “Rachmaninoff was the greatest pianist I ever heard,” he told Mary Kunz Goldman of the Buffalo News. “He could make a crescendo out of two notes. I remember his playing so vividly. He did things that no other pianist has done, including Horowitz.” Pennario came away from the visit with an autographed piece of Rachmaninoff sheet music and a lifelong sense of inspiration.

© T.P/Lebrecht Music & Arts

Pianist, composer

138 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

The Pennario family moved to Los Angeles when Leonard was ten, because the family shoe business had failed during the Depression. Pennario’s piano teachers in his new home were not to his liking, but by then it hardly mattered: though still a youngster, he could do almost anything at the keyboard. The dimensions of Pennario’s talent became clear in 1936 when he was 12, and conductor Eugene Goossens, who had heard of his talents, recommended the boy as a substitute for an ailing pianist slated to perform with the Dallas Symphony Orchestra. The work on the program was the Concerto for piano and orchestra by Edvard Grieg, one of the more difficult pieces in the piano-and-orchestra repertoire. Orchestra officials asked Pennario whether he had already studied the work, and Pennario answered in the affirmative even though he was actually not familiar with the piece. He learned the concerto in six days, not even skipping school, and made his formal debut in front of an audience of 2,000. At 14 he made the first of an eventual 70 appearances with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra. Unlike the vast majority of modern pianists, Pennario rose to stardom without attending a music conservatory or entering the rounds of piano competitions that

For the Record . . .

B

orn July 9, 1924, in Buffalo, NY; died June 27,

2008, in San Diego, CA; father a shoe store

owner. Education: Attended University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Made debut with Dallas Symphony Orchestra at age 12, 1936; made New York debut in military uniform, 1943; began touring U.S. after military service, 1946; made first recording for Capitol label, 1950; released over 60 LPs and CDs; appeared in Beijing, China, 1989. Awards: (with Jascha Heifetz and Gregor Piatigorsky) Grammy award, 1963.

give young artists national and international exposure. He took piano lessons from the influential music teacher Isabelle Vengerova, and studied composition at the University of Southern California. The young Pennario composed a piano piece called Midnight on the Cliffs, later used as the theme for the 1956 film Julie. Vladimir Horowitz, another of the great piano virtuosos of the twentieth century, heard the piece in 1942 and, according to Britain’s Independent newspaper, remarked to Pennario, “That’s a beautiful piece, but hard, isn’t it?” The following year Pennario was drafted into U.S. Air Force and sent to the Far East. Before he left, he made his New York debut, performing Franz Liszt’s Piano Concerto No. 1 at Carnegie Hall with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra—in uniform, billed as Private Pennario. The headlines gave the young Pennario’s career a dramatic boost; one of them (quoted by David Patrick Stearns in the London Guardian) read, “Boy in Khaki Steals Show at Carnegie.” By the time he returned home, Pennario had risen to the rank of sergeant, earned three Bronze Stars, and entertained troops recuperating at military hospitals. He plunged into touring with a 1946 concert at New York’s Town Hall, and was featured as a soloist with most of the major American orchestras for the next several decades. Pennario stood out from the competition in several ways. He undoubtedly had an abundance of natural talent; mastering a large repertoire of some 40 concertos. He practiced for only about two hours a day, low for a top-level pianist. His technique was largely self-developed. “I found the difficult passages in the

compositions themselves,” he told Goldman. “I had an innate gift for technique. I was also able to sight read.” Another unusual aspect of Pennario’s career was its West Coast orientation. After moving from Buffalo, he spent the rest of his life in southern California, and he enjoyed the pops-oriented concert environment of the Hollywood Bowl. Miklos Rosza, the composer of the scores to Ben Hur and other films, wrote a piano concerto and a sonata for Pennario, both accessible pieces in a cinematic idiom at a time when other pianists were essaying dense modern works written according to systems emanating from East Coast academies. On a personal level, Pennario numbered Hollywood stars like Robert Wagner and Judy Garland among his friends, and he briefly dated actress Elizabeth Taylor, between her marriages to Conrad Hilton Jr. and Michael Wilding. He never married, telling an interviewer that he was wed to the piano. Critical reception to Pennario was generally favorable, although some writers believed that he was stronger on sheer technique than on emotional depth. Record buyers had few such doubts. Beginning his recording career in 1950 for the Hollywood-based Capitol label, he was among the best selling pianists of the third quarter of the twentieth century, not only in the United States but also in Europe, where his music-making seemed distinctively American. Long before most mainstream classical pianists, he embraced the crossover classical works of George Gershwin and became noted as one of Gershwin’s leading interpreters. His recording of Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue, with the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra, was one of the best-selling classical LPs ever released. Pennario mostly performed as a soloist, but he himself believed that one of the highlights of his career was a chamber music collaboration. In 1961 he joined a trio with violinist Jascha Heifetz and cellist Gregor Piatigorsky, touring with them for three years. The trio won a Grammy award in 1963. Capitol’s classical division was closed in the early 1980s, after Pennario had issued more than 40 recordings on the label, but he continued to record and perform into his senior years. In the 1980s he made his first tour of the Far East, and in 1989 he became one of the first American pianists to perform in China since the Communist takeover of that country in 1949. Parkinson’s disease finally slowed Pennario’s concertizing but not his enthusiasm for contract bridge, a field in which his achievements were also notable: he earned the title of Life Master in 1980, won an Open Pairs event in Beijing, China, in 1991, and was listed in The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge. Pennario maintained ties to Buffalo, taking special interest in its collection of historic movie theaters, and he returned to the city for the last time in 2007, when he was inducted into the Buffalo Music Hall of Fame. In his last years he

Pennario • 139

moved from Los Angeles to the San Diego district of La Jolla to be closer to his brother, Joseph, and he died there on June 27, 2008. A biography by Goldman was slated to appear the following year.

(With the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra) Concertos Under the Stars, EMI. Pennario: The Early Years, MSR (4 CD coll.).

Sources Selected works

Books

Leonard Pennario: Chopin Polonaise & de Falla Ritual Fire Dance, Capitol (7⬘ LP). (With Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra) Grieg: Concerto in A minor; Rachmaninoff: Rhapsody on a Theme of Pagainin, Capitol. Colors of Ravel, Capitol. Favorite Classics for Piano, Capitol. Leonard Pennario: Rachmaninoff and Liszt, Capitol. Chopin Waltzes, EMI/Angel. George Gershwin Songbook, EMI Angel. Leonard Pennario Plays George Gershwin, EMI Angel. Leonard Pennario Plays Louis Moreau Gottschalk: The Union, EMI/Angel. Leonard Pennario: Rachmaninoff and Liszt, Capitol. (With Jascha Heifetz and Gregor Piatigorsky) Franck: Piano Quintet in F minor, RCA. Film Themes and Variations, Cambria.

Slonimsky, Nicolas, ed. emeritus, Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians, centennial ed., Schirmer, 2001.

140 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Periodicals American Record Guide, July-August 1997, p. 114. Buffalo News, October 14, 2007, p. F3; June 28, 2008, p. d4. Daily Telegraph (London, England), July 2, 2008, p. 1. Guardian (London, England), July 29, 2008, p. 30. Independent (London, England), August 15, 2008, p. 42. New York Times, June 28, 2008, p. B6.

Online “Biography,” Leonard Pennario Official Web site, http://www. pennario.org (December 3, 2008). —James M. Manheim

P

Phish Rock band

hish called Burlington, Vermont, its hometown. The rock quartet of Trey Anastasio, Page McConnell, Mike Gordon, and Jon Fishman became one of the most successful rock groups ever, having sold more than three million albums and earning more than $10 million on tours alone. The band was a modern anomaly in the rock music scene, growing to stardom without the assistance of MTV or commercial radio. Phish is most often compared to the Grateful Dead. Like the Deadheads before them, Phish Heads grew in number as a result of the group’s live shows, as the band toured constantly in the mid-1980s to mid-1990s. Fans filled venue parking lots a day before the show, establishing a temporary community. True Phish Heads lived this carnival life and followed the band from city to city until tour’s end. In 2004 the group broke up to allow members to pursue individual projects. Musically, the band’s shows were mostly improvisational jam sessions, and their musical menu served up a wide range of styles including rock, jazz, blues, funk, Latino, classical, calypso, and folk. The often fantastical lyrics that accompanied the myriad of rhythms were influenced by J.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit, Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Kipling’s The Jungle Book, Dr. Seuss, and Sesame Street. Phish’s drum-

Steve Jennings/Corbis

Phish • 141

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Trey Anastasio (born Ernest

Anastasio, September 30, 1964, in Fort Worth,

TX; attended Goddard College), guitar, lead vocals, songwriter; Jon Fishman (born February 19, 1965, in Philadelphia, PA; attended Goddard College), drums, vocals; Mike Gordon (born June 3, 1965, in Boston, MA; attended University of Vermont), bass, vocals; Page McConnell (born May 17, 1963, in Philadelphia, PA; attended Goddard College), keyboards, vocals. Group formed on October 30, 1983, in Burlington, VT; played in bars and small concert halls for five years; self-released debut album, Junta, 1988; reissued on Elektra, 1992; released Lawn Boy, Absolute A-Go-Go Records, 1990; signed with Elektra, 1992; released Picture of Nectar, 1992; Rift, 1993; Hoist, 1994; A Live One, 1995; Billy Breathes, 1996; Slip Stitch and Pass, 1997; released The Story of Ghost, 1998; played

members found their first recruit in University of Vermont freshman Jon “Fish” Fishman. Drummer Fishman told Puterbaugh, “[Anastasio] and a friend were having a conversation about who looked like they belonged there and who didn’t. I came walking by, and they both fell down laughing. They pegged me from a hundred yards in a crowd of people, going, ‘He doesn’t look like he belongs here.’” With two guitarists and a drummer, the band then needed a bass player. Anastasio posted a sign for a bass player, and Mike Gordon responded. The group derived their name from Fishman’s nickname, and Fishman’s short, bearded, and bespectacled appearance helped personify the band’s offbeat persona. Holdsworth got the band their first gig after seeing a flyer for an ROTC party on campus. Using hockey sticks for microphone stands, the group did not incite rapt attention from their first audience. They were given the boot after their fourth song, when the DJ blasted Michael Jackson’s Thriller and the once-empty dance floor quickly filled up. However, the band’s first show was not a complete loss. They gained their first official fan. Amy Skelton, who attended that first show, went on to work for Phish as the band’s merchandising manager.

Lemonwheel Festival in Limestone, MA, headlined Farm Aid concert, 1998; performed New Year’s Eve Millenium Celebration at Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, 1999; released The Siket Disc, announced extended break to pursue side projects, 2000; released Round Room, 2002; celebrated 20th anniversary with show at FleetCenter, Boston, 2003; released Undermind, announced break-up, performed final shows at three-day festival, Coventry, VT, 2004; announced short-term reunion, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Elektra Records, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019. Web site— Phish Official Web site: http://www.phish.com/.

mer, Jon Fishman, described the band’s style of music to Parke Puterbaugh of Rolling Stone: “We all have a certain desire to honor the roots and traditions of music, but there’s also this persistent desire to find out what else we can do rather than the common forms, the things you always hear.” Phish came together in 1983, when two University of Vermont students, freshman Trey Anastasio and sophomore Jeff Holdsworth, began playing their guitars together in dorm lounges. They both shared an interest in the Grateful Dead, the Allman Brothers, Frank Zappa, and Led Zeppelin. The two fledging band

142 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

After a year of playing in campus dorms, the band felt they were ready to hit the city of Burlington. They became regulars at Nectar, a popular downtown restaurant and bar, where they experimented with their music and put together an original stage show. The band interacted with the audience, allowing fans to read poetry or perform on stage. “All music is conversation,” Fishman explained to Charles Hirshberg and Nubar Alexanion of Life. It was this early rapport that the band developed with the audience that linked their fans to them so closely. For the next two years the band played regular gigs at Nectar and at various Burlington bars. In 1985 Phish picked up a fifth member in Page McConnell, a student at Goddard College. McConnell not only convinced the band they needed a keyboard player, he also managed to convince Anastasio, Holdsworth, and Fishman to transfer to Goddard College. McConnell was rewarded with fifty dollars for recruiting each of the band’s members. Gordon, however, remained at the University of Vermont to study film. In 1986 the band lost one band member when Holdsworth became a born-again Christian. Despite the loss, the band continued playing, developing their music and stage shows. From 1988 to 1990, the band had two independent releases, Junta and Lawn Boy. Rumblings Came From the Underground The band’s big recording break came while playing a show at Manhattan’s Marquee club. A talent scout from

Elektra Entertainment, Sue Drew, was intrigued by the group’s sound and by the strange community that surrounded them. Drew gave her pitch, outlining the great success to come if the band signed to Elektra Entertainment. The members just listened, politely disinterested, as they did not want to become tied to commercial success. The band enjoyed their freedom to experiment and create unpredictable music, even encouraging fans to tape their shows and setting up sound boards to help fans get high quality recordings. Elektra was not pleased with this policy, but eventually relented in order to get the band signed. A Picture of Nectar was released in 1992. The band’s first major release was a tribute to the old venue in Burlington. The single “Chalkdust Torture” was distributed to radio stations to support the album sales. Although the album was more structured than their previous independent releases, critics felt it did not fit together well. The album was moderately successful, showcasing the band’s wide musical tastes with tracks covering bluegrass, jazz, Latin, casual instrumentals, and furious punk. On the road in 1992, the band was gaining exposure. Phish played four shows on the first HORDE tour. The radio play and large outdoor amphitheaters gave the band a much wider audience, although it caused some stirrings from their once-underground fan base, who were concerned the band would be discovered and their community would be destroyed. In 1993 Rift was released by Elektra. Legendary producer Barry Becket assisted with the album. It was the first time the band had ever worked with a producer. Becket’s production credits included Bob Dylan’s Slow Train Coming and Dire Straits’s Communique. The addition of a producer helped give the album more focus, and achieved Elektra’s goal of increasing album sales. Oddly, the ballad “Fast Enough for You” was selected as the single for radio play. The song received play mostly on adult contemporary formats.

tume for their second set of a three-set concert in Glen Falls, New York. Later, the band would continue these costume sets at various shows. At the end of 1994, Phish was one of the top 50 grossing acts of the year as ranked by Pollstar. The band played over 100 shows to more than 600,000 fans. Four Albums and a Book In 1995 the band released a double album, A Live One, which was recorded live the previous year at the Clifford Ball, and the album reached number 15 on the Billboard 200. The following year, Billy Breathes peaked at number seven on the Billboard 200. The band released Slip Stitch and Pass in 1997, a live album that was recorded at a show in Hamburg, Germany. The album peaked at number 17. In 1998 Phish released their ninth album, The Story of Ghost. That same year they also published a book, The Phish Book, which covered a year in the life of Phish while on the road from 1996 to 1997. From 1997 to 1999, Phish hosted yearly multi-day festivals that drew tens of thousands of fans. The last of these was performed at Big Cypress Indian Reservation on December 30 and 31, 1999, to celebrate the Millenium Eve. The event attracted more than 80,000 fans. Starting at midnight New Year’s Eve, the band played a continuous seven-hour set until dawn on New Year’s Day. After the herculean set of New Year’s Eve 1999, the band took a sabbatical from festivals. By 2000 the members had agreed to an extended timeout from touring, with members pursuing solo projects. Anastasio worked with the group Oysterhead and was a guest conductor for the Vermont Youth Orchestra. Gordon focused on traditional bluegrass while also working with solo guitarist and singer Leo Kottke. Fishman became of a member of Jazz Mandolin Project as well as Pork Tornado. McConnell formed the trio Vida Blue. In the meantime, they released The Siket Disc in 2000, and two years later the album Round Room.

Appeared on MTV Things really began to move when the band released Hoist in March of 1994. Gordon, having graduated from film school, directed the band’s only studio-style video release for the single track “Down with Disease.” Phish called on Paul Fox to produce the third Elektra release. Fox’s previous credits included tracks for groups as diverse as XTC, 10,000 Maniacs, and the Sugar Cubes. Album sales doubled for Elektra, and the video received play on MTV. Fans, while still committed, were not happy with the growing success, and band members were concerned about being chained to hit songs and losing their spontaneity. In the fall of 1994, a new tradition was established. Phish played the entire Beatles’ White Album in cos-

In 2003 members of the group reunited to perform at the IT festival in August. By this point the band had been together for 20 years, and to celebrate they performed a series of shows at the end of the year in Boston. Not quite ready to jump back into performing at their former pace, the band continued to tour but with frequent breaks. In the spring of 2004, just a month before the release of the album Undermind, the band announced that they were breaking up for good. Fortunately for fans, Phish promised to host one last festival in August. The Coventry festival drew record crowds and record determination by both the band and its fans. A week’s worth of rain made it impossible for the majority of attendees to bring cars onto the farm property where

Phish • 143

the event was being held. Asked to turn back, fans instead parked their cars along the highway and walked to the site. Some walked more than ten miles to experience the jam band’s last concert. Phish ended up performing memorable sets that had McConnell and Anastasio breaking down in tears at several points. The show ended without an encore or the typical aftershow music played over the loudspeakers. Instead, fans were left to walk away from an empty stage and silence. Throughout the late 2000s, Phish continued to release compilations of live performances on their own label, JEMP. Releases included 2006’s Live in Brooklyn and 2007’s Vegas ‘96. In 2008 they released two compilations: Walnut Creek and an eight-disc recording of their performances over three nights in Atlanta in 1993, titled At the Roxy. With the release of At the Roxy, Phish also announced that they would reunite the following year. Having established themselves as one of the most popular self-made jam bands of the 1990s, Phish’s abrupt ending in 2004 left many fans feeling stranded. Although some felt the band’s timing was right, it was possible that the members might still have some unfinished business and a few jams left in them as a group. It was also evident that Anastasio, Fishman, Gordon, and McConnell had enough talent to sustain themselves individually, and perhaps enough gusto to recreate the energy they left behind.

Selected discography Studio releases Untitled Studio Session, unreleased, 1985. The White Album, unreleased, 1987. The Man Who Stepped into Yesterday, unreleased, 1988. Junta, 1988; reissued, Elektra, 1992. Lawn Boy, Absolute A-Go-Go Records, 1990; reissued, Elektra, 1992. Picture of Nectar, Elektra, 1992. Rift, Elektra, 1993. Hoist, Elektra, 1994.

144 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

A Live One, Elektra, 1995. Billy Breathes, Elektra, 1996. Slip Stitch and Pass, Elektra, 1997. The Story of Ghost, Elektra, 1998. The Siket Disc, Elektra, 2000. Round Room, Elektra, 2002. Undermind, Elektra, 2004.

Compilations Live at Madison Square Garden New Year’s Eve 1995, JEMP, 2005. Live in Brooklyn, JEMP, 2006. Colorado ‘88, JEMP, 2006. Vegas ‘96, JEMP, 2007. Walnut Creek, JEMP, 2008. At the Roxy, JEMP, 2008.

Sources Books Budnick, Dean, The Phishing Manual, Hyperion, 1996. Thompson, Dave, Go Phish, St. Martin’s Griffin, 1997.

Periodicals Amusement Business, July 27, 1998. Billboard, October 3, 1998. Boston Globe, August 15, 2004, B1. Entertainment Weekly, November 1, 1996. Guitar Player, May 1996. Life, June 1996. People, November 27, 1998. Rolling Stone, February 20, 1997. St. Petersburg Times (Florida), August 15, 2004, 8E. Times Union (Albany, NY), August 20, 2004, p. D1.

Online CD Now, http://www.cdnow.com (January 22, 1998). Phish Official Web Site, http://www.phish.com (January 7, 1999). —Tige Cosmos and Eve Hermann

Plain White T’s Rock group

“Anyone can look great in a plain white T, and that’s how we feel about our music,” Tom Higgenson told Know Your World Extra. “Anybody can hear it and enjoy it.” Higgenson is the lead singer of the band Plain White T’s, a pop-punk group that is more about emotion than angst. The band was founded in 1997 in Chicago, and ten years later the group would be nominated for two Grammy Awards for their smash song “Hey There Delilah.” Higgenson got his musical start playing drums in high school bands. At one point, he switched to singing and joined up with bass player Ken Fletcher (from Higgenson’s previous band, Harvey’s Daughter) and drummer Dave Tirio. The group named themselves Plain White T’s and began gigging around small Chicago venues. Though the band lineup frequently saw changes, Higgenson and Tirio would remain the core of Plain White T’s. As for the band name, Higgenson had noticed that on album covers of some of his favorite bands, a singer quite often looked great in a white T and jeans. He felt that fashion couldn’t get more simple and basic than a white T-shirt, so why not reflect that in the band’s name. “We thought that in a way it stood for something classic, timeless, and always cool; which is also the kind of music we’ve always tried to make,” he told AbsolutePunk.net.

Theo Wargo/WireImage/Getty Images

Plain White T’s • 145

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: De’Mar Hamilton, drums;

Tom Higgenson, lead vocals, guitar; Tim Lo-

pez, guitar; Mike Retondo, bass; Dave Tirio, guitar. Group formed in Chicago, IL, 1997; self-released Come

the songs. “It’s incredible to … be able to write songs that people want to hear, sing along to, and relate to,” Higgenson told Know Your World Extra. “People say things like ‘I love this song, it helped me so much.’” Words like that actually helped the band to improve their play at each show and to write more meaningful songs. They toured the country at the end of 2005 and into 2006 with various bands, and Hollywood Records signed Plain White T’s to their label.

on Over, 2001; signed to Fearless Records, released Stop, 2002; All That We Needed, 2005; signed to Hollywood Records, released Every Second Counts, 2006; Big Bad World, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Hollywood Records, 500 S. Buena Vista St., Burbank, CA 91521. Web site— Plain White T’s Official Web site: http://www. plainwhitets.com.

The pop-punk group gigged anywhere they could, in and outside of Chicago, until a nearly fatal car accident in 1999 turned Higgenson’s life upside down. “I was driving my friend back to college in the band van,” Higgenson recalled to MTV.com’s Corey Moss. “I don’t remember anything, but I guess someone cut me off, so I swerved, ended up flipping over the van, and I guess I was thrown out of the van into the grass median and the van kept rolling.” Higgenson suffered broken vertebrae, a lacerated lung, and a ruptured kidney. He couldn’t walk for months, and wore a back brace during his rehabilitation. When he recuperated, he decided to put everything he had into his music. He told Moss, “It was one of those life-changing things. _ Instead of writing songs just to write songs, I was writing songs that were a little more personal and actually meant something to me. And I think that was a turning point for the band.” Plain White T’s recorded and self-released the CD Come on Over in 2001, just before they signed to Fearless Records. The band quickly followed that record up in the following year with Stop, which was recorded in a friend’s basement studio. Three years later, Plain White T’s released their second record for Fearless, titled All That We Needed. It was their first album to be made in a proper recording studio, and featured the group’s final, and current, lineup, which in addition to Higgenson and Tirio were guitarist Tim Lopez, bassist Mike Retondo, and drummer De’Mar Hamilton. The band toured relentlessly, roughly ten months out of the year. Plain White T’s steady touring schedule was brutal, but it meant bigger audiences in each town that followed. They began to see their audience’s interactions with

146 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 2006 the band released their most popular record to date, Every Second Counts, on Hollywood Records. There was little press or airplay initially for the album. But as months went by, the album’s acoustic track “Hey There Delilah” began to get played on the radio throughout the country. By the summer of 2007, “Hey There Delilah” was a multi-format radio regular, an MTV favorite, and a number one hit song on Billboard. Plain White T’s earned two Grammy nominations for Song of the Year and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. And legions of fans called in to vote the song onto MTV’s TRL show. Even though Plain White T’s had been together almost a decade, they were still young, and had grown up watching MTV. “TRL is a cultural institution for young music fans,” Higgenson admitted to Entertainment Weekly writer Leah Greenblatt. “You grow up watching Britney Spears and ‘N Sync on there, so when bands like us get to go on the show, it’s just bizarre.” Greenblatt called “Hey There Delilah” “the true tale of not-quite-requited love that bloomed beyond its Warped Tour demographic-from minivan moms to Iraqstationed U.S. soldiers–to become one of 2007’s biggest singles.” The follow-up single “Our Time” was used in commercials for the ABC Family show Greek, as well as for a Verizon commercial. With their songs everywhere, Plain White T’s had become officially famous. “I remember the first time we got a glimpse of what was happening,” Higgenson said on the Fearless Records Web site, of their success. “We were in Milwaukee for a summer festival, we walked onstage and there were at least 20,000 people there to see us. We did those kinds of shows all summer. There were screaming girls pounding on the car windows. It was incredible.” Plain White T’s achieved mainstream success in 2007 and into 2008, but Every Second Counts had been out since early 2006, and the band was itching to make a new record. They could have taken the easy way out and written songs that sounded just like “Hey There Delilah,” but they wanted more. They started working on their followup without thinking about the past. “We tried to be really ambitious and not worry about people’s expectations for this record,” Higgenson told the Fearless Web site. “Our vision was to do it in a classic way.” Working in the studio, they used only

vintage recording gear to try and capture a simple Beatles-like classic pop sound. Lyrically, the new songs turned out to be more personal than their earlier records. For their 2008 album, they had a lot of emotions and stories to tell. With less punk and more big pop, Hollywood released Big Bad World in September of 2008. Alternative Press writer Jennifer Grathwol gave kudos to Plain White T’s for their musically adventuresome album. “Doo-wop-inspired harmonies lend a barbershop charm to the Chicago quintet’s earnest and energetic pop-punk sound,” wrote Grathwol. “The T’s should … be given credit for their attention to detail and old-school authenticity. The opening title track hits all the right notes, from the perfectly pitched harmonies to the catchy chorus hook.”

Selected discography Come on Over, self released, 2001. Stop, Fearless Records, 2002. All That We Needed, Fearless Records, 2005.

Every Second Counts, Hollywood Records, 2006. Big Bad World, Hollywood Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, December 7, 2007. Know Your World Extra, April 28, 2006.

Online Fearless Records Official Web site, http://www.fearless records.com/viewband.php?band_id=8Ⲇself (November 14, 2008). “Hey there, follow-up record,” Alternative Press, http://www. altpress.com/reviews/1306.htm (November 14, 2008). “Plain White T’s,” AbsolutePunk.net, http://www.absolute punk.net/showthread.php?t=210167 (November 14, 2008). “You Hear it First: Plain White T’s,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv. com/news/yhif/plain_white_ts/ (November 14, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Plain White T’s • 147

quartet with killer three-part harmonies. The band hadn’t yet pinned down a name when they got the chance to play for the head of RSO Records. Owned by band manager and producer Robert Stigwood— (best known for his work with the Bee Gees and Cream)—RSO signed the group upon hearing them play a new song called “Baby Come Back.” Now that they had a record deal, the band randomly chose to name the group Player.

Player Rock group

I

n the late 1970s, soft rock was popularized by L.A. bands that played mellow and airy pop songs now often referred to as AM Gold bands. Groups like Bread, Orleans, America, and Player all had a laid-back style that was golden for the time period. Not many of the bands moved beyond it, but became one-hit wonders destined to be part of Time Life collections or sold only on television. The California band Player was part of the AM Gold world, but it was not a bad world to be from. In 1978 Player stormed the charts for three weeks at number one with their biggest single ever, “Baby Come Back.” “Player epitomized what mainstream soft pop/rock was all about in the late ‘70s–and that was the sound of Los Angeles,” wrote All Music Guide’s Stephen Thomas Erlewine. Player’s first two albums went gold, quite a feat even if no one heard their third or fourth album. Player’s time as a quartet may have been short, but all its musician have had successful post-Player careers. “Baby Come Back” has been used in various commercials, and is even heard by the tween set. In High School Musical, Vanessa Hudgen’s 2006 song “Come Back to Me” sampled the original “Baby Come Back” in its chorus. Born in Liverpool, England, musician Peter Beckett moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1974 to join the group Skyband. The story goes that Beckett met his future bandmate at a fancy Hollywood party. The conversation was, of course, about music. The pair discovered they had similar songwriting ideas and formed a band in 1977. Drummer John Friesen (originally from Idaho) joined the duo, and he soon contacted his high school friend, bassist Ronn Moss. Now they had a

148 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In late 1977 Player released the single “Baby Come Back,” a track so smooth and catchy it was reminiscent of Hall & Oates’s early blue-eyed soul. Player went on their first tour with heavyweights Gino Vanelli and then Boz Scaggs, and it was in the middle of touring that “Baby Come Back” started gaining momentum on the radio charts. By January of 1978, the song was a hit single, reaching number one for three weeks straight. The second single, “This Time I’m in it For Love,” was a top ten hit, and helped the group’s self-titled debut hit gold record status. Billboard magazine voted the record its Best New Single in 1978. Player was quickly followed up by Danger Zone, and the band had another gold record on their hands. With a little more gruff and guitars, Player had some edge for their sophomore record. Singles “Prisoner of Your Love” and “Silverlining” faired well on the charts, but nothing quite as big as “Baby Come Back.” Not long after Danger Zone was released, keyboardist/guitarist Crowley left the band. Player continued on as a trio and left RSO to be signed to the Casablanca label. The trio released Room with a View in 1980, and soon after that, Moss left the band to follow his dream of acting. Player was down to only two original members, Beckett and Friesen. They released Spies of Life in 1982 before putting the Player name to rest. Their musical careers, however, continued outside of Player. Beckett became a sought-after songwriter and producer in the 1980s. He wrote songs for many styles of music, including country, Latin pop, soul, and rock ’n’ roll. Heart, Kenny Rogers, Janet Jackson, the Temptations and Sergio Mendez were just some of the artists who recorded one of Beckett’s songs. From his genre-hopping repertoire, Beckett could seamlessly work in all genres and formats of music. Crowley had always wanted to make a country music album, but wasn’t able to get one out until 1988. RCA Records released his solo debut album, Beneath the Texas Moon, which contained the popular single “Paint the Town and Hang the Moon Tonight.” Crowley had several popular country artists on his debut, including Vince Gill, Bonnie Raitt, and Rosanne Cash. “Paint the Town and Hang the Moon Tonight” also appeared on the soundtrack of the Clint Eastwood film Pink Cadillac the following year. Crowley was soon busy writing hits for other singers, including Johnny Cash, the Little River Band, the Oak Ridge Boys, and more. He has also done some TV work for The Simpsons and Saturday Night Live.

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Peter Beckett, vocals, guitar;

J.C. Crowley, vocals, guitar, keyboards; John

Friesen, drums; Ronn Moss, bass. Group formed in Los Angeles, CA, 1977; released Danger Zone, RSO, 1978; Player, RSO, 1978; Room With a View, Casablanca, 1980; Spies of Life, RCA, 1982; Lost in Reality, A&M, 1996. Addresses:

Record

company—A&M/Interscope/

Universal, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA

but never released a proper solo album until 1991. Released by Curb Records, it was simply titled Beckett. Beckett continue to write and produce, and wrote dozens of songs for major box office films, including The Karate Kid, Cocktail, Major League, St. Elmo’s Fire, and Bill & Ted’s Excellent Adventure. In 1996 Beckett and Moss took a break from their solo careers and reunited as Player for the album Lost in Reality. In 2001 Moss again worked with Beckett for his solo debut album, I’m Your Man, and its follow up, Uncovered, in 2005. Drummer Friesen did not remain in the spotlight after leaving Player, but most recently worked in video production for Spectrum Video & Film in Phoenix, Arizona. In late 2008, Moss, still on The Bold and the Beautiful, could be heard as a voice in the Walt Disney animated film Bolt.

90404. Web site—Player Official Web site: http:// www.player-theband.com.

When bassist Moss left the band, he did so to try his hand at acting. After years of foreign roles and commercials, Moss hit the motherload in 1987. A new daytime soap opera called The Bold and the Beautiful cast Moss as the character Ridge Forrester, a role he still plays today on what has become one of the most popular soap operas ever. In 1989 Beckett worked with Steve Kipner for the album Think Out Loud on A&M Records. In the 1990s, Beckett joined the Australian pop group Little River Band as a touring guitarist. Little River Band, coincidentally, was popular at the same time as Player had been, in the late 1970s. The Little River Band’s hit single “Reminiscing” was at the top of the charts in 1978, at around the same time that “Baby Come Back” was popular. While touring with he Little River Band, Beckett wrote three singles for the band,

Selected discography Player, RSO, 1978. Danger Zone, RSO Room With a View, Casablanca, 1980. Spies of Life, RCA, 1982. Lost in Reality, A&M, 1996.

Sources Online “Danger Zone,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (November 18, 2008). Player Official Web site: http://www.player-theband.com (November 18, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Player • 149

D

Portishead

Trip-hop group

uring the 1990s, the British band Portishead was credited with popularizing an entirely new genre in alternative music: “trip-hop,” a dense, narcotic sound that combined hip-hop, reggae-esque dub, and acid jazz with, in Portishead’s case, a swank, James Bondstyle cinematic mood. Reclusive sound engineer Geoff Barrow and depths-of-gloom crooner Beth Gibbons comprised the nucleus of Portishead. Their 1994 debut, Dummy, produced “an atmosphere of voodoo noir,” wrote the Village Voice’s Erik Davis. Dummy sold more than a million copies. Summing up the Portishead vibe for Guitar Player, Jason Fine declared that the duo, with the help of some outstanding additional studio talent, “combines densely layered acoustic and electric instrumentation, soulful crooning, and the studio techniques of hip hop into one of the most richly inventive sounds in modern pop.” Portishead’s innovative, psychedelic music was certainly unique and caught on with alternative listeners who were yearning for something new. The band acquired an international following and stayed booked on the festival circuit. Portishead released a second album, Portishead, in 1997, then disappeared from sight for a baffling decade-long hiatus. In 2008 Portishead

AP Images

150 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Geoff Barrow (born c. 1972),

keyboards; Beth Gibbons (born c. 1965), lead

vocals; Adrian Utley (born c. 1958), guitar. Band formed in Bristol, England, c. 1991; released first album, Dummy, on London Record’s Go! Beat label, 1994; released Portishead, 1997; released Live: Roseland NYC, Island Records, 1998; went on hiatus, 19992005; appeared together at a tsunami benefit concert, Bristol, England, 2005; released Third, Island Records, 2008. Awards: Mercury Music Prize, for Dummy, 1995. Addresses: Record company—Island Records Group, 22 St. Peter’s Square, London, UK W6 9NW.

resurfaced, offering long-suffering fans a new album, titled Third. “It’s amazing how quickly 10 years can go,” the band’s guitarist and keyboardist, Adrian Utley, told Jon Pareles of the New York Times. “There was no sense that we would split up or we weren’t going to do anything again. We just didn’t want to for that time.”

Barrow was a native of a town not far from Bristol called Portishead. “It looks really pretty and twee, but it’s actually quite horrible,” Barrow told Weisel. Barrow was a studio whiz at an early age and worked on Neneh Cherry’s Homebrew LP while still a teenager. Soul music, hip-hop, and James Bond movie soundtracks were his favorites. When he and Gibbons met, they shared little except their enrollment in the training program. They did find, however, that they both had a strange love for disquieting, under-the-skin strains of music. Barrow, who found work as a tape operator at a Bristol recording studio, eventually came into contact with two others who would become supporting, yet elemental, members of Portishead—sound engineer Dave McDonald, and a guitarist named Adrian Utley. The veteran musician had played in a number of blues bands as well as with famed electronic virtuoso Jeff Beck. When the quartet began working in the Coach House studio where Barrow was employed, it was a collaborative effort that sometimes utilized odd production techniques. For instance, Barrow would record outtakes from old films and 1970s classics from groups like War and Weather Report and sample them into a new song. Utley’s Fender Rhodes was sometimes recorded onto vinyl, or recorded into a dictaphone, then also sampled into a final mix. They also made heavy use of the Theremin, the world’s first electronic instrument, which produces a sound best known for its use in the Beach Boys’ hit “Good Vibrations”; it was also used in many sci-fi and horror movies of the 1950s and 1960s. Released Unique-Sounding Dummy

Members Met at Unemployment Office Portishead came together under unusual circumstances. Beth Gibbons and Geoff Barrow met in a program sponsored by the local unemployment office in Bristol, England. The program offered re-training for those between jobs or careers, and Gibbons and Barrow wound up in the “musician” classes. Gibbons was from the English town of Devon, where she had once worked at a clock-making company before moving to London. In London she sang in a number of bands over the years, including one in which she performed Janis Joplin songs. She ended up in Bristol in the early 1990s. All in all, Gibbons’s life was a relatively uneventful one, but one from which some rather bleak and stirring lyrics would later arise. She admitted to being baffled about the source of such misery, but did concede that there was a bit of family dissonance in her youth: “I have divorced parents, which didn’t help, but I don’t like it when I blame things on my parents,” Gibbons told Rolling Stone’s Al Weisel. Gibbons later noted that she started singing because she had difficulty communicating.

The result of all this electronic experimentation and production-stage tweaking was Dummy, released in England in August of 1994 to critical acclaim. Though its songs were anything but radio-friendly, word-ofmouth about the band and its fresh, unusual sound soon spread through Europe, then North America. Dummy debuted in U.S. record stores two months later, in October. Reviews were laudatory, despite the rather depressing vibe of the whole album, best exemplified by its U.S. single, “Sour Times (Nobody Loves Me),” which charted well and received much alternative radio air play. Rolling Stone described Dummy as “Gothic hip-hop,” with sounds that “come across both sad and sexy.” Davis likened it to “an invitation to a seance,” and noted that Gibbons and her eerie vocal style—almost always the focal point of any review— “seems to teeter at the edge of some narcoleptic void.” A later Village Voice assessment of Portishead’s sonic allure, written by Sarah Powell, remarked, “there’s … something old and English and fairytale-like about Gibbons’s voice.” Soon Portishead was being asked to translate its unique sound into the work of other musical acts through studio remixes. During 1995 and 1996, Portis-

Portishead • 151

head revamped singles for bands that included Primal Scream and Depeche Mode. Members also used the windfall from Dummy to fund the construction of their own studio and went to work on a follow-up. The process was more arduous than expected, and the band admitted to being intimidated by their unexpected success from Dummy.

larly want to work with each other anymore. It would have been a struggle to make a record at that time. We had to repair ourselves.”

“We kind of got lost for about a year,” Utley told Nina Pearlman of Rocket. “A lot of the sounds that we made on Dummy, we [later] heard from other bands and on adverts on television,” Utley said. “It kind of made us unhappy with our own sound for awhile.” Tensions ran so high that at one point the band almost broke up after it became impossible to actually finish a track at all, a process of creative chaos that went on for almost a year.

While Portishead was on hiatus, Utley played music, wrote songs and helped other musicians with production. Barrow moved to Australia, where he cofounded the independent label Invader, which became known for promoting avant-garde jazz and heavy metal. Gibbons released a folksy, jazz-tinged solo album, 2002’s Out of Season, produced with Paul Webb, former bassist for the British rock group Talk Talk. Then one day, Barrow decided he was ready to make more music with Portishead. “I never had any fire in my belly to go and do anything or say anything musically until 2003, 2004,” Barrow told Pareles.

Faded from Sight after Sophomore Effort

Regrouped for Third Effort

In the end, Portishead’s second album, Portishead, took two years from start to finish and was released in late 1997. It offered more desolate songs, and again, Gibbons’s trademark bleak and detached vocals—but once more Barrow, Gibbons, Utley, and the other Portishead collaborators had attempted to force studio technology into bending to their creative will. This time, they discarded the use of bits and pieces from film soundtracks and soul classics, and instead created their own samples by using archaic recording equipment.

By the mid-2000s, members were at work on a new album, but the making of the songs progressed at a snail’s pace with the group’s perfectionism and ideals dragging it down. In an effort to create something new, the group adopted a strict set of conventions for the album. Utley described the process for Pareles: “For instance, we mustn’t use instruments that we’ve used before. Our trademark sound, once we’ve got it, we want to destroy it and move on to something else. So we have to become something else, we have to reemerge as something else all the time but still the same. It’s hard.”

Reviews this time were mixed. A Rolling Stone assessment from Elisabeth Vincentelli pointed out that the album lacked a certain diversity of style, noting that after a time, its mood of “morbid fascination turns into ennui.” In the end, Vincentelli called it “an exercise in barren claustrophobia,” but deemed Barrow “an amazing sonic architect.” Powell, writing in the Village Voice, observed a progression in Gibbons’s trademark sound. On this second LP, Powell declared, “There’s a brattier catch in her singing that wasn’t there before. And sighing less is always a good idea.” Powell also remarked on the strain of Portishead’s relentlessly bleaksonic architecture spread over an entire album—but conceded that the band’s members “do the same song over and over and they do it really, really well.” In 1998 Portishead released Live: Roseland NYC, a live compilation of their famed 1997 concert at New York City’s Roseland Ballroom, where they were joined by the 30-piece New York Philharmonic Orchestra. The album—a “best-of” collection of Portishead’s previous works—left fans yearning for more, but Portishead fell off the radar for more than ten years, leaving fans to scratch their heads and wonder what had happened. Speaking to USA Today’s Edna Gundersen, Utley said band members were exhausted after their 1998 tour and needed time to rest and rejuvenate their creativity. “It wasn’t Spice Girls pressure, but we didn’t particu-

152 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

The album, aptly titled Third, was finally released in 2008 and contained some nuanced differences from the group’s first two albums. Many songs had faster tempos and were more beat-driven, but just as brooding as ever. The DJ scratching was absent and the reverb was less intense. Yet Portishead retained its uniqueness, forging ahead with freshly minted sounds—a bike horn or cowbell here, a ukulele there. Tracks included the sparse, ukulele-driven “Deep Water,” where Gibbons was backed by a doo-wopping pitch-perfect barbershop chorus. “Small” sounded angelic at the beginning, leading off with the cello before dropping into an abyss of psychedelica. The first single off the album was “Machine Gun,” complete with electronic, staccato drums. Gundersen felt that the album “retains the band’s signature creepiness and sorrowful vocals while ditching samples and hip-hop elements in favor of edgy, muscular live instrumentation and threads of tension, dread and panic in the psychedelia, experimental rock and cold electronica.” Fans were eager for the album. It entered the Billboard album chart at number seven, making it the first Portishead album to crack the Top Ten in the United States. To promote Third, Portishead toured briefly in Europe, then returned to the United

States, performing at California’s 2008 Coachella Valley Music & Arts Festival.

Sources Periodicals

This time around, Portishead decided it would not tour extensively to promote the album. “To do a massive tour at the moment would be a folly, I think,” Utley told MTV’s Chris Harris, noting that if the group went on tour, members would not want to see each other again for a long time. Instead of touring, Utley promised fans that they would not have to wait so long for another Portishead album. “It won’t be another 10 years,” he said, “I swear.”

Selected discography Dummy, Go! Beat/London Records, 1994. Portishead, Go! Beat/London Records, 1997. Live: Roseland NYC, Island Records, 1998. Third, Island Records, 2008.

Billboard, October 8, 1994, p. 1. Guitar Player, May 1995, p. 22. New York Times, April 13, 2008, p. AR27. People, October 20, 1997, pp. 29-30. Rocket, December 3, 1997. Rolling Stone, February 23, 1995, p. 38; March 9, 1995, p. 66; October 15, 1997. Time, October 20, 1997, p. 117. USA Today, July 1, 2008, p. 7D. Village Voice, December 6, 1994; April 15, 2008.

Online “Portishead Ready to Unveil Third, Promise Fourth LP Won’t Take A Decade To Make,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/ news/articles/1584404/20080328/portishead.jhtml (November 8, 2008). —Carol Brennan and Lisa Frick

Portishead • 153

S

inger-songwriter Daniel Powter is best known for his hit song “Bad Day,” which topped the charts in many countries, and which was used as a theme song on the television series “American Idol.” Powter grew up in Vernon, a small town in rural British Columbia, Canada, in an area with beautiful mountains and lakes. His father was a doctor and his mother ran an art gallery. He began taking violin lessons when he was four years old, and grew up listening to his parents’ library of both classical and rock music. Eventually, he switched from violin to piano. “You could represent the whole band with your piano in certain respects,” he told Mark Brown in Rocky Mountain News. “It’s a very percussive instrument.”

Daniel Powter

In third grade, Powter found out that he was dyslexic. He had difficulty reading, and was picked on by students at school and singled out by administrators. As he got older, he realized that the difficulty extended to reading sheet music. He told a People interviewer that this turned out to be “more of a blessing. I couldn’t read what others wrote, so the only way I could do music was to create my own.” He told Gavin Martin in the London Mirror, “I learned to play by ear, and music became an escape.” Powter’s mother frequently took him to the symphony, which he found boring; but she also took him to rock shows that came to Vancouver, and he loved those.

Singer, songwriter

AP Images

Powter went to music college, but dropped out because of his inability to read music. He was involved in several short-lived bands, but he disliked dealing with others’ schedules and attitudes, so he vowed to pursue a solo musical career. In his twenties, he had trouble with drugs and became addicted to cocaine. He told Martin that he was trying to overcome his innate shyness by taking drugs, but finally realized he was taking the wrong road. While he was high, he would write music he thought was brilliant, then wake up the next day and find it was worthless.

154 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

After breaking his addiction to cocaine, he met production partner Jeff Dawson, and both events helped to turn his career around. Powter was signed by Warner Bros. in 2001, and in 2005 that label released Powter’s self-titled debut album. His career skyrocketed with the success of the track “Bad Day.” The song went to the number one spot in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Holland, Switzerland, Belgium, Denmark, and Norway. It was also number one in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The song was in the top five in Austria, Italy, Sweden, Brazil, Finland, and South Africa. The album went platinum in Japan, the United Kingdom, Finland, France, and Switzerland, and went gold in Australia, Canada, Singapore, and Taiwan. Powter’s success was helped by the song’s use as a theme song on “American Idol,” a popular television contest series. Amusingly, the first time Powter heard his own song “Bad Day” on the radio, he was exercising at a gym in

For the Record . . .

B

orn on February 29, 1971, in Vancouver, British

Columbia, Canada.

Released Daniel Powter, 2005; released Under the Radar, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Warner Bros. Records, Bsmt 11, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019.

a Paris hotel. An older man was working out near him. When the song came on, the man got up, muttered something in French, and turned off the radio. “It was the funniest thing,” Powter told People. “I felt like we weren’t going to get a hit.” The album debuted at number nine in the United States, and became the most-downloaded song of all time, with almost 2.5 million downloads sold. It held at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks. Powter was nominated for a Grammy Award for “Best Male Pop Vocal Performance” in 2007. In Billboard, Chuck Taylor described the song as “elegant, timeless pop/rock.” Riding high on success, Powter went on an international tour and made many media appearances, but the wave of attention eventually burned him out. He wrote on his Web site, “I was really bummed out. I didn’t know where the music was going to come from. I didn’t think I had a lot to say.” He also realized that there was a certain level of emptiness behind the fame he had achieved. He told Edna Gunderson in USA Today, “A huge part of this business is narcissism, and it’s weird focusing on yourself 24/7. Believe it or not, it’s difficult to be that self-absorbed. Connecting with an audience is a bigger thrill.” As a result, Powter decided to spend some time alone. He retreated to a small studio in Los Angeles, and within two weeks he felt his creative energy coming back. He wrote several songs, including “Best of Me,”

“Whole World Around,” “Am I Still the One,” and “Not Coming Back.” These songs were written to appear on his next album, Under the Radar, which was produced by Linda Perry and released in late 2008. Powter remarked on his Web site, “I knew the songs were good. But I didn’t know there would be so much guitar. I didn’t know some of it was going to be electronic. I didn’t know it would have strings. But Linda has such an incredible versatility with music, and she had all these ideas. I just had to get out of her way and let it all unfold.” He also said, “Linda was like a therapist. I cried in that studio, and she cried…It was a cathartic experience.” On his Web site, Powter noted, “As a singer-songwriter, I have a responsibility to communicate and connect with people.” He added, “I just can’t wait for people to hear these new songs. I’m hungry to get back out on the road because I have this amazing, honest record to back me up.” When Powter is not making music, he likes to spend time outside, in nature. “I like being able to go fishing with my dad, fly fishing,” he told Martin. “We tie our own flies, catch the fish and cook them for dinner.”

Selected discography Daniel Powter, Warner Bros., 2005. Under the Radar, Warner Bros., 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, March 18, 2006, p. 60; April 15, 2006, p. 51; August 30, 2006, p. 50. Mirror (London, England), November 4, 2005, p. 8. People, May 1, 2006, p. 101. Rocky Mountain News, July 25, 2006, p. 9D. USA Today, April 12, 2006, p. 1D.

Online Daniel Powter Official Web Site, http://www.danielpowter. com (November 9, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Powter • 155

Project Pat Hardcore rapper

R

apper Project Pat has been contributing to hip-hop since the late 1990s, when he worked with Tear Da Club Up Thugs. He is a brother of Three 6 Mafia’s Juicy J, and is known for celebrating the “Dirty South” in his music. Growing Up in Memphis

216,000 copies, mostly in the South. He followed this with Murderers and Robbers, which was self-released on his own Project Records. As a result, it did not get much play, was not widely distributed, and didn’t gain much attention. Pat told Friedman, “Promoting plays a big part in the rap game. … You’ve got to have a good marketing thing going. And I just feel that the first album wasn’t promoted right.” In the meantime, Pat appeared on Three 6 Mafia’s “Sippin on Some Syrup,” which brought him increased attention after the song became a big hit. This set the stage for Pat’s third album, Mista Don’t Play, which tells about his life in Memphis. The title comes from Memphis slang meaning straight talk. On this album, Pat wanted to be more street, more hard. He gave the lowdown on his relationships with women, street life, drugs, and thugs, and he did it all with the Memphis sound. Pat described the Memphis sound to Friedman: “A Memphis-type sound, it’s more scary music or some real fancy bass. And some wild-type, medium laid-back type.” One track on the album, “Chickenhead,” was notable because it included back-and-forth lyrics between Pat and La Chat, which added a woman’s point of view to the song. Pat told a writer for Sweets Lyrics, “It adds a little spice, a little cheese on your cheeseburger. We’re trying to keep people looking our way.” Other tracks were made up from Memphis slang, or told stories that Pat had heard from fans. He told Sweets Lyrics, “I just try to keep it as Memphis as I can, from the words, to the lyrics and the streets.” The album was an independent success, but still did not break into the mainstream. Prison Time

Pat was born and raised in Memphis, Tennessee, in a rough part of town. He told David Friedman on the Murderdog Web site, “We didn’t have nothing. You’re talking about sleeping on the floor with coats, windows busted out, no heat working.” To survive, he said, “We might break in a friend’s house, eat they food, take a couple of they CDs. But I never got up there with heavy drug dealing or nothing like that.”

Meanwhile, Pat’s past started to catch up with him. In January of 2001, he was on parole for a previous conviction of aggravated robbery when he was pulled over by the police for speeding. They found two revolvers in his car. On March 13, 2001, he was found guilty of being a felon in possession of a firearm, and ended up serving four years in federal prison as a result.

When he was eight years old, he saw someone get shot on the street. At the time, he learned part of the “code of the street,” according to a writer on the Sweets Lyrics Web site: “You never snitch on anybody. Whatever you and someone else do, you leave that to your business.” He learned this bit of wisdom from his upstairs neighbors, who were drug dealers. The neighbors snitched on another dealer, who retaliated by tying bricks to their feet and throwing them into the Mississippi River.

In an interview in Rap Reviews, Adam Bernard asked Pat, “Some have said that with the way the legal system is set up jail time is almost a rite of passage for young, black men. Do you believe this?” Pat answered, “That’s really a lie. That’s not a truth. I don’t believe that, I think it’s a stereotype and a false statement because you have a lot of people out here who’s not doing that.” He added, “I believe it’s truly a racist statement that somebody put out there that’s negative and I don’t even want to dwell on it.”

Pat got his start in hip-hop when he appeared on other rappers’ albums, including Three 6 Mafia’s Crazyndalazdays and Indo G’s Angel Dust in 1998. Pat’s debut album, Ghetty Green, was released in 1999, on the Relativity label. The album sold over

156 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Pat told Friedman that prison was good for him because it gave him time away from the streets to think about his life and what he wanted to do with it: “A lot of people think it’s cool, man, but the street life is not the life for a person—for anybody. … You can die. And

For the Record . . .

B

orn Patrick Houston in Memphis, Tennessee.

Released Ghetty Green, 1999; Murderers and Robbers, 2000; Mista Don’t Play, 2001; Layin Da Smack Down, 2002; Crook by Da Book, 2006; and Walkin

that Sony did not give him the publicity or distribution he wanted, and didn’t understand his street mentality. He felt that Koch had a more urban focus and that he would be more comfortable with them. He wrote on his Web site, “People are really into the South right now, and I knew that eventually they’d catch on to what we already knew. Down here everybody’s got their own style and it’s good to see more guys from the South coming street.”

Bank Roll, 2007. Addresses: Web site—Project Pat official Web site:

Selected discography

http://www.projectpat.net/

once you dead, you ain’t got nothing.” He added that although he might sing about the street life, that didn’t mean he was encouraging anyone to go down that road. “Look at me now; don’t look at me then.” He also told Friedman that he is in the rap game not because he loves music, but because it makes money: “If the [money] don’t flow, we lay the pens and papers down. And the drum machines will go into the car. If it ain’t about no money, we don’t even want to hear nothing about it. That’s just being real.”

Ghetty Green, Relativity/Loud, 1999. Murderers and Robbers, Project Records, 2000. Mista Don’t Play, Hypnotize Minds/Loud, 2001. Layin Da Smack Down, Hypnotize Minds/Loud, 2002. Crook by Da Book: The Fed Story, Sony Urban, 2006. Walkin Bank Roll, Koch Records, 2007.

Sources Online

In 2005 Pat got out of prison, and in 2006 Sony released Crook by Da Book: The Fed Story. The album did not sell as well as Pat wanted it to, but he stayed in the public eye by appearing on a reality show, Adventures in Hollywood, on the MTV network.

“Interview with Project Pat,” Murderdog, http://www.murder dog.com/archive/projectpat/projectpat.html (November 24, 2008). “Project Pat Biography,” Sweets Lyrics, http://www.sweets lyrics.com/bio-Project%Pat.html (November 24, 2008). “Project Pat Interview,” Rap Reviews, http://www.rapreviews. com/interview/projectpat07.html (November 24, 2008). Project Pat Official Web Site, http://www.projectpat.net (November 24, 2008).

Pat’s 2007 release, Walkin Bank Roll, appeared on the independent Koch label. He switched because he felt

—Kelly Winters

Project Pat • 157

Ratatat Instrumental indie-rock group

N

ew York duo Ratatat recorded their debut album on a laptop in one of the member’s bedrooms. Combining computer programmed beats, loops, and other electronic music elements, Ratatat added guitars and melodies that made the songs catchy, even though all of the music was instrumental. Evan Mast and Mike Stroud have released three albums since 2004; four, if you count their remix album Ratatat Mixtape Vol. 1. “As a pair, Mast and Stroud fuse the hair-thrashing incentive of dueling-guitar rock with broken-beat drum patterning,” Stacey Dugan wrote in Remix. Mast’s electronica background mixed with Stroud’s more rock and pop guitar work has made Ratatat one of the most interesting instrumental indie bands around. Prior to Ratatat, Mast, a co-owner of electronic record label Audio Dregs, had released an album under the moniker E*Vax in 2001. That same year he hooked up with Stroud, and the two started making music under the band name Cherry. At the time, Stroud was a touring guitarist who was a hired gun for emo group Dashboard Confessional and power-pop singer Ben Kweller. Ratatat worked on music separately in the beginning, with Mast on his computer while Stroud was on tour. By early 2003 the duo played their first live show; although they did so under the name Cherry. A few months later they changed their name to Ratatat. In November of that year, they released their first single via Audio Dregs, and it sold out of its limited run of 1,100 copies. On the success of that single alone, Ratatat went on tour, supporting the likes of Franz Ferdinand and Interpol. It wasn’t long before Ratatat signed to European label XL Recordings.

158 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Ratatat’s first album for XL was made on Mast’s computer in his bedroom. By the spring of 2004, after almost two years of working on songs, XL released Ratatat. The band self-released the limited edition promo CD, Ratatat Mixtape Vol. 1, which contained Ratatat’s remixes of popular hip-hop songs. The CD had an impact on the growing danceable major-label electronic rock music scene, and earned the pair the tag of “Hot Remixers” in Rolling Stone’s annual “Hot” issue in 2004. What made Ratatat’s music work well was that even though it was instrumental, it was often as catchy as a pop-rock tune with a singer. The mix of guitar riffs and electronic loops would easily work with lyrics, but that idea never really entered their heads. “I just think we’re both really attracted to melodies,” Mast told John Norris of MTV.com. “I listened to a lot of electronic music in college and so much of it is beatbased, but I always gravitated to songs with a nice melody.” Ratatat spent roughly two years getting all the songs together, and when work began for their sophomore album, Ratatat still took their time. “Each song is usually a pretty long process of weeks or even months of going back and forth,” Mast said in his interview with Remix’s Dugan. “We get very detailed, polishing different elements and trying to pull other elements out. We do a lot of redoing sounds. We write a melody and try it out on a couple different instruments and see how the sound works best.” For their second record, besides the computer and programming beats, most of the actual instrumental sounds were created on guitars, even though it sounds like a keyboard or computergenerated riff. In 2006 Ratatat released the somewhat ironically titled Classics. “No matter what the era,” wrote Jonah Bayer in Harp Magazine, “it’s rare to find music that’s as accessible as it is experimental, but with Classics, Ratatat have done just that.” With more live instruments, Classics was a step up as far as sound quality and production. “Ratatat have reinvented themselves, incorporating downbeat rhythms, spaceage synths and more fully realized electronica elements,” wrote Bayer. For Ratatat’s third album of original material, they recorded the album quickly, and did so in a creative atmosphere that led to new sounds and sonic explorations. “I think this was definitely a freer approach,” Mast told Norris, about the making of their third record. “With Classics, we’d really labor over things, but this time we’d plow through it, and I think the songs ended up more cohesive, beginning to end.” The band recorded the album at Old Soul Studios in Catskill, New York. “The first night we got there, we just went through all the beats and got vague ideas of how songs should go,” Stroud recalled in an interview with Christine Hsieh in Remix, about working at Old Soul Studios. “Right away, the first morning, it was crazy. … We tried to finish a song a day, if we could—write it, record it, everything.”

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Evan Mast, guitar, keyboards;

Mike Stroud, guitar, keyboards.

genre, yet could fit into them all. “With its ambitious cross-cultural rhythmic palate and the strongest melodies to date,” Paste Magazine writer Reed Fischer noted, “Ratatat’s LP3 is practically begging for MCs to jack and loop a beat in order to complete the cycle.”

Group formed in New York, c. 2001; recorded first self-titled album in members’ bedroom on his laptop

Selected discography

computer, 2004; signed to XL Recordings, released Classics, 2006; LP3, 2008. Addresses: Record company—XL Recordings, 304

Ratatat, XL Recordings, 2004. Classics, XL Recordings, 2006. LP3, XL Recordings, 2008.

Hudson St., 7th Fl., New York, NY 10013. Web site— Ratatat Official Web site: http://www.ratatatmusic.com.

Sources Periodicals

Old Soul Studios placed a wide assortment of instruments at the band’s disposal. Having the rustic instruments—harpsichord, sitar, melodica, lap steel guitar— around kept the band inspired and gave them ideas. If there was ever a lull, they’d play the instruments. One day, Stroud brought in his pet parakeet and it made noise when they played the piano; Ratatat kept those recordings, giving the music more of its organic flavor. Ethnic sounds, more guitars, and even a harpsichord found their home on LP3, released in July of 2008. “LP3 is as wildly organic as instrumental electronica gets without becoming another genre (or five) altogether,” wrote Andrew Earles in Spin. Once again, Ratatat created a collection of songs that fit no one

Harp, November 2006. Remix, November 1, 2006; August 1, 2008.

Online “Living The Lyric-Free Life With Ratatat,” MTV.com, http:// www.mtv.com/news/articles/1597987/20081027/ratatat. jhtml (November 24, 2008). “Ratatat: LP3,” Paste Magazine, http://www.pastemagazine. com/articles/2008/07/ratatat-lp3.html (November 24, 2008). “Ratatat, ‘LP3,’” Spin, http://www.spin.com/reviews/ratatatlp3-xl (November 24, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Ratatat • 159

S

Amy Ray Singer, songwriter

inger Amy Ray is well-known as one half of the folk-rock duo Indigo Girls, with bandmate Emily Saliers, but she is also a record producer and a solo performer in her own right. While the Indigo Girls’ songs are acoustic and melodic, Ray’s solo work is loud, tough, and defiant. Although she uses an acoustic guitar when she performs with the Indigo Girls, she switches to electric guitar for her own work. On her Web site, she quoted Jon Gilbertson, who wrote in No Depression, “Cranking the amplifier toughens her stance and streamlines her attitude.” Ray founded her own label, Daemon Records, in 1990, with the idea of producing other musicians’ work, allowing local musicians who had not yet hit it big to get a recording contract. She also mentored them, teaching them how to promote their careers. But after ten years of working with other musicians, she decided it was time to pursue her own solo dreams. She had been writing songs that were too angry, too political, or too tough to fit into the Indigo Girls’ repertoire. On her Web site, she wrote that she realized that these songs were “something I need to sing alone rather than with Emily.” She told Carolyn Lamberson of the Eugene, Oregon, Register-Guard that when she did solo work, “I

AP Images

160 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

B

orn Amy Ray on April 12, 1964, in Georgia.

Sang with Indigo Girls, c. 1985–; founded Daemon Records, 1990; released Stag, 2001; Prom, 2005; Live in Nashville, 2005; Didn’t It Feel Kinder, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Daemon Records, P.O. Box 1207, Decatur, GA 30031.

tend to deal more with gender stuff and queer identity and my frustration with the corporate music world.” And she added, “I don’t have to think about whether Emily would feel the same way or not, or whether the listener would be confused about whether Emily’s talking about gender identity or I am.” Her debut album, Stag, was released in 2001, and had a punk rock sound, appealing to listeners who wanted harder, tougher music than the Indigo Girls put out. For the album, she worked with punk girl band The Butchies, and she invited other musicians to record with her. She wrote on her Web site, “The songs on this album are mostly inspired by the bands that play on it.” She added that she had created songs with them in mind. Other performers on the record included the Rockateens, Josephine Wiggs of the Breeders, Kate Schellenbach of Lucious Jackson, and punk icon Joan Jett. The songs on Stag also explored Ray’s relationship with the music industry, particularly issues related to gender roles and expectations. She wrote on her Web site, “The heart of that record is in that rebellion and in a certain spirit of recovery.” In Prom, Ray continued to explore issues from her high school years, as well as those of current-day teenagers: suicide, racism, gender identification, politics, and homophobia. She commented on her Web site that adolescence is a tumultuous time. “In high school I fell in love with a woman for the first time, played my first gigs, learned about rebellion, experienced the idea of community, and felt the innocence of genderless childhood fading away into the reality of puberty.” She told Shane Harrison in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution that when she was in high school she was a tomboy, and she was “infatuated with the boys because I wanted to be them. I wanted all that freedom they had. There was something about that energy … that I didn’t find with high school girls, and I think that that’s part of the problem. As a girl you completely lose your selfesteem.” In one song, she talks about having young

people who were confused about their own sexuality ask her about whether or not they were gay. She told Harrison that this was based on her own experiences in rural North Georgia, when teens did visit and talk to her. She told Harrison, “A couple of them became gay, and, you know, a couple of them became gay bashers. In a way they were like one person, because they both went through hating themselves and talking to me about what was going on in their lives.” Reviewer Kurt B. Reighley wrote in the Advocate that the songs on Prom were “more rough-hewn and hard-rocking” than any of Ray’s work with Indigo Girls. Didn’t It Feel Kinder was the first album in which Ray used a producer. First she drafted Melissa York, the drummer from the band The Butchies. York introduced Ray to her friend Greg Griffith, who had done production work for The Butchies. The three of them played some songs together, with Ray on guitar and vocals, York on drums, and Griffith playing keyboards and guitar. As Ray wrote on her Web site, “Something must have clicked. … as Greg’s ideas came to fruition, it just felt inevitable.” She commented, “I didn’t want to be limited by habit or insecurity or gender or place. Sometimes I sang a song right the first time, and some songs I sang over and over until I found the voice. … I let the songs control the experience.” When the album was finally recorded, Ray added other musicians to the trio: Kaia Wilson and Tomi Martin on guitar, a guest band named Arizona, and another singer, Brandi Carlile. They took ten months to mix, remix, and master the album. She wrote on her Web site, “It took longer than we expected, it cost more than we had, and it came out far better than we could have imagined.” Joan Jett told Karen Iris Tucker in the Advocate, “Amy Ray is one person that walks it like she talks it. She is committed to doing whatever she can to make the world better and to fighting injustice wherever she can. That is one of the many reasons I am proud to call her my friend.”

Selected discography Stag, Daemon Records, 2001. Prom, Daemon Records, 2005. Live in Nashville, Daemon Records, 2005. Didn’t It Feel Kinder, Daemon Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Advocate, May 8, 2001, p. 48; May 10, 2005, p. 73; August 12, 2008. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, April 23, 2005, p. C1. Curve, August 2005, p. 35.

Ray • 161

Herizons, Fall 2004, p. 22. Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), July 15, 2005, p. T4.

Online Amy Ray Official Web Site, http://www.amy-ray.com (November 23, 2008). —Kelly Winters

162 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

self-taught musician who preferred writing and playing his own music to playing tunes written by others. His music mingled jazz, folk, rock, and classical styles. In high school and college, he performed in coffee houses and small clubs.

Don Ross Guitarist

C

anadian guitarist Don Ross was known for his innovative fingerstyle technique and was considered one of the top guitarists in the world. In 1996 he won the U.S. National Fingerstyle Guitar Championship for the second time; he had first won the title in 1988. Ross was born in 1960 in Montreal, Canada, to a musical family. His father was a Scottish immigrant, and his mother was of Mi’kmaq ancestry. His greatuncle Frank Lannon introduced him to the ukulele, and then the guitar, when he was eight years old. Lannon had been paralyzed by polio as a child and could not walk, but he had not let that stop him from having a busy musical career. He played many instruments in the big bands of the 1940s. In the summer, he came to visit Ross’s family, and Ross wrote on his Web site that Lannon “always brought a couple of instruments along.”

During this time, he began noting the work of singersongwriters like Joni Mitchell and Paul Simon. He wrote on his Web site that these performers “linked their lyrics to their own unique instrumentation to create signature sounds.” He was particularly struck by the way they played their guitars: they did not simply strum stereotyped chords to form a background to the singing, but created complex ways of playing that were layered within and around the lyrics. He decided that he, too, would make his guitar “sing” a counterpoint to his vocals, not simply accompany them. Ross graduated from York University in Toronto in 1983, and began performing for a living in 1986. In 1988 he won the U.S. National Fingerstyle Guitar Championship, and soon afterward signed a recording deal with Duke Street Records. He wrote his first original song, “Family Tree,” after the death of his fatherin-law. Over the next four years he recorded Bearing Straight, Don Ross, and Three Hands. These CDs were widely acclaimed and led to several tours across the United States and Canada. Ross also played at the Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland. In 1994 Ross signed with Columbia/Sony Music, and the following year he released This Dragon Won’t Sleep. In the fall of 1996 he released Wintertide, a collection of instrumental versions of traditional Christmas songs. In November of 1997, Ross released Loaded. Leather. Moonroof, on which he played the six-string and sevenstring guitars as well as the dobro, and was accompanied by several guest musicians. His next album, Passion Session, was recorded in the Passionskirche in Berlin and was released in 1999. This church is considered to have perfect acoustics and is often used for live music performances. Ross performed solo for this album, which was recorded as part of the Narada label’s “Masters of Acoustic Guitar” series.

Ross’s uncle taught him to play songs by Woody Guthrie and Hank Williams, as well as show tunes and popular songs. Ross also begged his uncle to teach him to play songs by Bob Dylan, the Beatles, and the Byrds. On his Web site, Ross remarked, “I’m sure he had all he could do to summon up the patience to teach me these kinds of songs, because he was a technical purist who thought that far too many liberties had been taken with the tradition of musical composition and technique during the 1960s.” However, his uncle generously obliged.

Ross followed Passion Session with Huron Street, which featured new performances of tunes that were already familiar to his Canadian fans, but were songs that he wanted to make available to a wider audience through distribution by Narada. This album did indeed reach many new listeners, and spent time in the top ten of Billboard’s New Age chart during the summer of 2001.

By the time Ross was ten, he was experimenting with alternate tunings and fingerstyle technique. He was a

In that same year, however, Ross’s family suffered a terrible loss with the death of his wife, Kelly McGowan,

Ross • 163

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1960 in Montreal, Canada; died March 23,

2005, in Canada, from pancreatic cancer; married

Kelly McGowan (died 2001); married Brooke Miller; children: two daughters. Education: Attended York University, 1983. Awards: U.S. National Fingerstyle Guitar Championship, 1988 and 1996.

and strings; Jon Werking on piano, Hendrik Meurkens on harmonica; Cliff Eberhardt on dobro; and all acoustic guitars by Ross. Vocalists on the record include Ross, with Chris Magee, Annbeth Lattimer, Sandy Merritt, Eugene Ruffolo, and Pete and Maura Kennedy. Ross married Brooke Miller, a singer from Prince Edward Island. He signed with Candyrat Records to produce his next album, Music for Vacuuming. However, his happiness with Miller would be short-lived. In October of 2004, Ross was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. He died from this disease on March 23, 2005, and was survived by Miller and by his two young daughters.

Selected discography from cancer. This left Ross a single father to his two daughters, who were seven and nine years old at the time. He had to combine making a living through his music with taking care of them. He decided to take them with him on tour, and they traveled to a dozen different countries during the next year. The travel allowed them all to spend time together and begin healing from their loss. Ross’s next album, Robot Monster (2003), was a highenergy collection of urban-inspired music. It featured solo work by Ross as well as three collaborations with Berlin composer Christoph Bendel. Ross enjoyed making this album because, for the first time, he could do the recording at home, thanks to improved computer recording technology. Being at home gave him a sense of freedom and spontaneity that was difficult to achieve in a studio, where every minute of time must be paid for. Also in 2003, Ross released All in Good Time. The album featured 12 tunes by Ross, played by Mark Egan on bass; Shawn Pelton and Scott Ellis on drums and percussion; John Herington, Jeff Clamps, and Pete Kennedy on electric guitars; Mark Hall on violin

164 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Bearing Straight, Duke Street Records. 2007. Don Ross, Duke Street Records. Three Hands, Duke Street Records. This Dragon Won’t Sleep, Columbia/Sony, 1995. Wintertide, Columbia/Sony, 1996. Loaded. Leather. Moonroof, Columbia/Sony, 1997. Passion Session, Narada, 1999. Huron Street, Reaction Studios, 2000; reissued, Narada, 2001. All In Good Time, Boulder Hill Records, 2003. Robot Monster, Narada, 2003. Music for Vacuuming, Candyrat, 2005. Live in Your Head, Goby Fish Music, 2006.

Sources Online Candyrat Records, http://www.candyrat.com/artist/donross/ (November 10, 2008). Don Ross Official Web Site, http://www.donrossofficialsite. com/bio2.html (November 10, 2008). —Kelly Winters

T

he country music genre has traditionally been closely identified with the Christian faith, having its primary focus in the American South and its so-called Bible belt, and many country performers incorporate Christian songs into their performances and recordings. A country singer with an Islamic background might seem a novelty or even a cultural contradiction, but Oklahoma-born Islamic country singer and songwriter Kareem Salama doesn’t see it that way. In fact, he found country music the most suitable format among the musical styles of his native United States for the expression of the Islamic themes he wanted to put into his music.

Kareem Salama

“There’s something reverent about the lyrics of country music and there’s something reverent about the style— unless you’re talking about the Toby Keith, honky-tonk stuff,” he explained to Shahed Amanullah of the Altmuslim.com Web site: “It makes it a lot easier for me to insert these moral, ethical messages that I wanna send in something that’s already a platform for that kind of thing.” Salama lived both parts of the Islamic-country equation: born (around 1978) and raised in Ponca City, Oklahoma, he grew up steeped in the country music culture of the region, and he is also a devout Muslim who fluently quotes the Qur’an and Arabic poetry in their original Arabic language.

Photo by Kirk Murray. Courtesy of Inner Light Agency.

Singer, songwriter

Salama received the combination of a strong Islamic upbringing and a curiosity about the world around him from his parents, both of whom were Egyptian-born engineers who had emigrated to the United States. His father enjoyed inviting doorbell-ringing evangelists into the family home for friendly religious debate. Salama’s hijab-wearing mother, he recalled in his own Web site biography, had an “insatiable desire to learn and experience new things,” and “she made sure that I and everyone in my family was immersed in all of it.” Kareem and his three siblings (two brothers and a sister) heard country music at local fairs, traveled to the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, to Branson, Missouri, with its country and bluegrass music theaters and folk crafts demonstrations, and got acquainted with Native American culture at Oklahoma’s many powwows. In high school he was on the swim team, was involved with music, did watercolor painting, and was a talented amateur boxer. The inspiration for writing music came initially from the Arabic side of his upbringing. He memorized classical poetry in Arabic, much of which is associated with particular melodies, and then, as a high school student trying to memorize his favorite English poem, John Donne’s “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning,” he had the idea of writing a melody for it, to help himself out. He later did the same thing with other classic poems, including Matthew Arnold’s “Dover Beach” and several works by Robert Frost. From there it was a short step to working seriously on songwriting, which he had begun to try out when he was 11 or 12.

Salama • 165

For the Record . . .

B

orn c. 1978 in Ponca City, OK. Education: Uni-

versity of Oklahoma, degree in chemical engineer-

ing; University of Iowa College of Law, received degree, 2007. Worked in law internship positions; performed at Islamic Society in North America conference, 2005; released Generous Peace, 2006; released This Life of Mine, 2007; toured Europe, 2008. Addresses: Web site—Kareem Salama Official Web site: http://www.kareemsalama.com/.

Salama’s new songwriting experiments, however, took place as he was studying at the University of Oklahoma, majoring in chemical engineering. Music was in the back of his mind as he tried to decide what to do with his life. He enjoyed the chemicals field and later took a summer job with Exxon Mobil’s office in Baytown, Texas, but his instincts were pushing him toward the humanities. In addition to literature, he enjoyed philosophy and logic. Salama decided on law school as a good compromise and enrolled at the University of Iowa College of Law in Iowa City. The breakthrough that made him think about taking his music beyond a local level was a performance at the 2005 conference of the Islamic Society in North America in Chicago. Appearing before a crowd of some 20,000 American Muslims, Salama found that his music was well received. “People seemed to really like it and some of them kept bugging me to put together an album,” he told Muslim Girl World Magazine, as posted on the Hamed.com Web site. “I hesitated until my Dad gave me the final push. I closed my eyes and prayed about it and began looking for a recording studio. Then I found one that just seemed like a sign.” Salama’s new collaborator was Iowa City guitarist and producer Aristotle Mihalopoulos, himself the son of immigrants; Mihalopoulos was surprised to discover Salama’s interest in country music but had to admit that his strong Southern accent fitted him for the job of performing it. At the time, Salama simply played his songs with his own guitar accompaniment, but with Mihalopoulos’s help he fleshed them out with full instrumentation and production. Salama’s debut album, Generous Peace, appeared in 2006, issued by Salama himself but marketed through a network of Islamic retailers in the United States and in Britain, where the singer developed a strong following. At London’s Wembley Stadium he drew a crowd of 10,000.

166 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Generous Peace alluded only indirectly to the controversies that surrounded Islam in America; one song touched on the Iraq war, and another urged a quiet response to attacks on Islam, with the lines, inspired by a classical Arabic poem, “I’m like incense; the more you burn me, the more fragrant I get.” Most of the songs on the album were spiritual in nature. In outline they were universal, with potential appeal to listeners of many faiths. Salama acknowledged the influence of country music lyrically as well as musically, telling Tom A. Peter of the Christian Science Monitor that he considered the genre “the last bastion of ethical tunes.” Yet some of his songs seemed to draw on specifically Islamic imagery. “A Land Called Paradise” contained the lines “I look to the left, I look to the right, and all I gaze upon / Reveals the source of flowers, rainbows, and the dew at dawn. / Some see before, some see in, and some see after; / I let my sight pierce the chains and see the Master.” Musically his songs had the straightforward harmonies and beats of contemporary country music but lacked the more traditional aspects of the country sound, such as heavy use of a fiddle or steel guitar. Salama toured mostly Muslim-oriented venues after the album’s release, but word of his music spread beyond the Islamic community. The singer appeared in May of 2007 on the Your World program on the Fox News cable channel, and was interviewed by host Neil Cavuto, an appearance that stirred controversy on Internet message boards. Salama managed to find time for these diverse activities while still completing coursework in a rigorous law school program. “I’m not 80—there is a lot more time in the day than you think,” he pointed out in the article in Muslim Girl World Magazine. “My Dad used to calculate the hours in a day and remind me how much I could get done if I put my mind to it.” An aid to Salama in fulfulling his varied responsibilities was his strict Islamic lifestyle—he did not drink, smoke, or date. In August of 2007 Salama released his second album, This Life of Mine. As of 2008, after a summer European tour, Salama was looking to new opportunities both inside and outside music. After completing his law degree, he has thought of combining his interests in law and country music by moving to Nashville and looking for a position as a copyright attorney. But he has also been in discussions with an unnamed independent music label about the release of a third CD. And, he told Peter, “If the Dixie Chicks would need someone to open for them, I’d be happy to.”

Selected discography Generous Peace, self-released, 2006. This Life of Mine, self-released, 2007.

Sources Periodicals New York Times, November 13, 2007.

Online “Backstory: A Country-Western Muslim,” Christian Science Monitor, http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0404/p20s01-al mp.html?page=1 (November 25, 2008). “Bio,” Kareem Salama Official Web site, http://www.kareem salama.com (November 25, 2008).

“Kareem Salama: Country Singer and Graduate of the University of Iowa College of Law,” LawCrossing.com, http:// www.lawcrossing.com/article/index.php?id=3057 (November 25, 2008). “Musician Kareem Salama,” AltMuslim.com, http://www. altmuslim.com/a/a/n/2472 (November 25, 2008). “Southern Star: Kareem Salama,” Hamed.com, http://www. hahmed.com/blog/2007/12/01/muslim-girl-worldmagazine-southern-star-kareem-salama/ (November 25, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Salama • 167

H

ailed as “one of the best songwriters alive” by Washington Post writer Eric Brace, Toronto-based singer, composer, and acoustic guitarist Ron Sexsmith earned a slew of critical accolades throughout his recording career, yet never saw a corresponding success in album sales. Regardless of the unpredictable record-buying market, Sexsmith refused to give up on songwriting, penning hundreds of songs at a fluid pace. Referring to Sexsmith’s undeniable musicianship, Billy Altman noted in People, “Ron Sexsmith’s voice hovers so gently around a melody that it’s hard to believe his tough-minded lyrics could emanate from the same person.” Sexsmith admitted that some of his pieces took years to complete, and he has had trouble picking from his bag full of songs when it comes time to enter the recording studio.

Ron Sexsmith

The Canadian singer, born in Ontario on January 8, 1964, started out working as a messenger in his hometown of Toronto before breaking into the music business. In 1991 he produced his first recorded work under the name Ron Sexsmith and the Uncool, a self-released cassette titled Grand Opera Lane. Ira A. Robbins in the Trouser Press Guide to ‘90s Rock characterized the tape as “a concerted effort to gumbo up syncopated rhythms and spark up what could fairly be described as a small-scale northern John Hiatt vibe.” Nevertheless, Sexsmith’s tape managed to provide ample evidence of the musical quality that was to come.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

AP Images

Before long, Sexsmith’s songwriting and vocal gifts caught the attention of a host of record labels. Despite his knack for composing and singing classic songs, Sexsmith opted to sign with Interscope Records, a label dominated at the time by the likes of Nine Inch Nails, Marilyn Manson, Primus, Bush, and rap artist Snoop Doggy Dog. However, Interscope never interfered with the inherent loveliness of Sexsmith’s music. In fact, Sexsmith originally took a job with Interscope Music Publishing to write songs for other artists. But once Interscope executives Jimmy Iovine and Ted Field heard Sexsmith’s own recordings, they offered him a contract on the spot.

168 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1995 Interscope issued Sexsmith’s major-label, selftitled debut, an album that centered around “Sexsmith’s limber, well-oiled tenor and inspired phrasing,” remarked Bud Scoppa in Rolling Stone. Scoppa added, “He just may be the most fluent balladeer to come along since Tim Hardin.” In comparison to Sexsmith’s tape, his new producer Mitchell Froom—a former member of Crowded House—added sparing instrumentation that avoided sentimentality. Rather than allowing the music to overpower Sexsmith’s vocals and skillful acoustic guitar, Froom instead employed a subtle rhythm section and occasional keyboards and cello. “No matter how delicate the sentiment,” wrote Scoppa, “Froom delights in setting it off with some element of ironic noise: compressed,

For the Record . . .

B

orn on January 8, 1964, in Ontario, Canada; mar-

ried Jocelyne (divorced 2001); children: Christo-

pher, Evelyn. Signed with Interscope Records; released major-label debut, Ron Sexsmith, 1995; released Other Songs, 1997; toured with Elvis Costello, the Chieftans, the Cardigans, and Radiohead, 1996-97; released Whereabouts, 1999; Blue Boy, 2001; Cobblestone Runway, 2002; Rarities, 2003; Retriever, 2004; Destination Unknown (with Don Kerr), 2005; Time Being, 2006; Exit Strategy of the Soul, 2008. Awards: Juno Award, Album of the Year, for Other Songs, 1998; Genie Award, Best Orginal Song, for “Love is Free to Go,” 2002; Canadian Independent Music Award for Blue Boy, 2002; Juno Award, Songwriter of the Year, for Retriever, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Warner Bros. Records, 3300 Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA 91505, phone: (818) 846-9090. Web site—Ron Sexsmith Official Web site: http://www.ronsexsmith.com/.

tinny drums and spooky, B-movie keyboards.” Sexsmith, aided by Froom, was able to stretch his creativity to accommodate several musical styles. Tracks like “Summer Blowin’ Town” and “First Chance I Get” illustrated Sexsmith’s rock and roll tendencies, “In Place of You” came to life with a hint of gumbo, and “Wastin’ Time,” a love song, held classic pop stylings. Slowertempo renditions included the lament “Secret Heart” and the lullaby “Speaking With the Angel,” a song Sexsmith composed for his then-infant son. Sexsmith spent most of 1996 and 1997 promoting his music and touring with the likes of Elvis Costello, the Chieftains, the Cardigans, and Radiohead. Also in 1997, the singer released his second album, Other Songs, “a perfectly shaped 14-song gem without a false or stray note anywhere,” according to Rob O’Connor in Audio. Joined again by Froom, Sexsmith managed to create songs that were romantic without sounding too sentimental. As People’s Altman noted, “As hard on himself … as he is on a universe that never quite adds up … Sexsmith presents a wise and witty worldview that makes him a somewhat wanly smiling optimist.”

After another round of performances, Sexsmith returned in 1999 with his third album, Whereabouts, produced by Froom and Tchad Blake. The singer said that most of the songs arose from his own self-scrutiny during a difficult year in 1998; seven months of constant traveling and touring had strained his 15-year relationship with wife Jocelyne, and his mind became overwhelmed with uncertainties about his musical career. He worried that Interscope, then in the midst of a corporate rearrangement, might not release his new songs. “I found myself depressed a lot of the time last year,” Sexsmith told Los Angeles Times writer Mike Boehm. Two years later, in 2001, Sexsmith and his wife divorced. However, Sexsmith need not have worried over how critics would receive Whereabouts, described as “a marginally bolder record than 1997’s lovely Other Songs” by Rolling Stone reviewer Barney Hoskyns. Tracks such as “The Idiot Boy” and “Beautiful View ” were commended for their resemblance to the Kinks and Harry Nilsson, while the ballad “Right About Now” sounded reminiscent of a tune that “Boz Scaggs might have sung back in 1976,” concluded Hoskyns. Despite praise from critics, Interscope lost interest in Sexsmith and released him from his contract. Blue Boy, released in 2001, was produced by the alternative country rabble rouser Steve Earle and distributed through the independent label spinART. Once again, Sexsmith met the expectations of his already devoted fans and critics, but failed to achieve popular success. The album was recognized by the Canadian Independent Music Awards. Driven by his devotion to writing, Sexsmith followed up quickly with 2002’s Cobblestone Runway. He teamed up with Swedish producer Martin Terefe, who added electronic beats, gospel choirs, and techno loops to Sexsmith’s understated melodies and lyrics. Possibly hoping for a breakout hit, Sexsmith performed a duet for the song “Gold In Them Hills” with pop music star Chris Martin of the band Coldplay. Having been without a label for a few years, Sexsmith eventually signed with Warner Canada. In 2004 he released the album Retriever. With Terefe producing again, Retriever earned Sexsmith a Juno award for songwriter of the year. The following year he released Destination Unknown, an album of duets featuring Sexsmith and longtime bandmember Don Kerr. Wayne Bledsoe of the Knoxville, Tennessee, News Sentinel described it as “strikingly simple … not every note is perfect, and that’s a plus. … They sacrifice precision for purity. The resulting tracks are slightly folky, a little dreamy and very catchy.” In 2005 Sexsmith returned to the studio to work with Froom on the album Time Being. The 12-song album contained no hits but received the attention of the Juno

Sexsmith • 169

awards. Sexsmith was nominated for songwriter of the year and the album for adult alternative album of the year. Certainly not one to pause and wait for kudos, Sexsmith continued to work on music that came to comprise his 2008 release Exit Strategy of the Soul. Switching back to Terefe, Sexsmith recorded some of the album in the United Kingdom and then took a side trip to Cuba to find some horn players to create the unique sounds Terefe added to Sexsmith’s songs. Sexsmith has come to terms with his place in the music business. There was a time in the 1990s when he might have become the next big thing, but that time passed. He told Todd Leopold of CNN.com that he was on “the service road.” He asserted that he doesn’t need sympathy from others and cherishes the loyal fans that follow his music. “A lot of artists are struggling to get off the ground, and a lot of songwriters who sell more than me don’t have the profile I have,” Sexsmith told Boehm. “People who do like it are into it in a big way. They’re not coming just to hear one [hit] song.”

Selected discography Ron Sexsmith, Interscope, 1995. Other Songs, Interscope, 1997. Wherabouts, Interscope, 1999. Blue Boy, spinART/Cooking Vinyl, 2001. Cobblestone Runway, Nettwerk America, 2002. Rarities, Linus Entertainment, 2003. Retriever, Warner Canada, 2004. (With Don Kerr) Destination Unknown, Warner Canada, 2005.

170 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Time Being, Warner Canada, 2006. Exit Strategy of the Soul, Warner Canada, 2008.

Sources Books Robbins, Ira A., editor, Trouser Press Guide to ‘90’s Rock, Fireside/Simon & Schuster, 1997.

Periodicals Audio, September 1999, pp. 119-120. Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1999. News Sentinel (Knoxville, TN), August 14, 2005, p. E4. People, July 21, 1997, p. 23. Rolling Stone, September 7, 1995, p. 72; June 10, 1999. Spin, August 1999. Washington Post, June 4, 1999.

Online “Ron Sexsmith,” Rolling Stone.com, http://www.rollingstone. tunes.com (December 3, 1999). “Ron Sexsmith wanted to be Elton, happy to be himself,” CNN.com, http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Music/10/ 14/ron.sexsmith (November 17, 2008). “Sexsmith the Songsmith,” Launch.com: Discover New Music, http://www.launch.com (December 3, 1999). —Laura Hightower and Eve Hermann

C

anadian alt-pop artist Sarah Slean has lived a life punctuated by numerous creative endeavors. In the mid-1990s, Slean made a name for herself on the Toronto nightclub circuit with her innovative cabaretstyled songs. She followed with several albums, each featuring her lilting crystalline voice, energetic pianoplaying, and witty lyrics. The album songs attracted attention and were featured on television programs, including Dawson’s Creek and Party of Five. Slean’s fans have been lucky—they have been able to enjoy her work in a number of mediums. In 2005 Slean appeared in the film noir musical Black Widow, earning a Gemini nomination for best performance. That same year she released a book of poetry titled Ravens, and in 2006, Slean exhibited her original paintings at Toronto’s Spin Gallery. All the while, Slean continued to perform and write songs. Speaking to Colin Hunter of the Ontario, Canada, Guelph Mercury, Slean described her mania this way: “I’m a Gemini, which means my brain is a kaleidoscope—it’s completely fractured and looking in 13 different directions at the same time.”

Sarah Slean

Trained as Classic Pianist

Singer, songwriter

George Pimentel/WireImage/Getty Images

Born on June 21, 1977, Slean grew up in Pickering, Ontario, Canada. As a child, her interest in music was piqued after seeing the famed Andrew Lloyd Webber musical Cats. “I was enthralled with the total experience of it, of having your senses assaulted and your heart being tugged at,” she recalled to the Toronto Star’s Vit Wagner. “It was the most magical thing. The music was so unabashed and unashamed. As a child I was very meek, and seeing that was like ‘Oh my God, look at what those people are doing.’ And I longed to share that fearlessness.” Slean started out on piano, and by age nine was composing her own musicals, full of tragedy and dramatic deaths. As for her singing abilities, Slean explained to Canadian Musician magazine that she was self-taught. “I learned to sing by singing often—that’s all. I sing in the shower all the time, and I sang with my favourite records and stuff.” Her preferred choices included Leonard Cohen, Joni Mitchell, and Willy Nelson. As a child, Slean felt most comfortable behind the ivories, and studied classical piano all the way through her teen years. She continued briefly at Toronto’s York University before transferring to the University of Toronto, where she studied music theory for about a year before dropping out. The more Slean studied the technical aspects of music and piano, the more readily she concluded that she wanted to do more than play piano concertos for the rest of her life. Found New Universe Through Songwriting Slean started writing her own songs and began hitting the Toronto nightclub scene, becoming a local favorite, often accompanied by a single cello or small ensemble.

Slean • 171

For the Record . . .

B

orn on June 21, 1977, in Pickering, Ontario,

Canada. Education: Attended York University,

Toronto, Canada, and the University of Toronto. Began career touring Toronto nightclub circuit, mid1990s; released indie cassette, Universe, 1997; signed with Warner Music Canada, c. 1997; released indie CD Blue Parade, 1998; made major label debut with Sarah Slean, Atlantic Records, 2001; released Night Bugs, 2002; released Day One, 2004; starred in CBC musical Black Widow, 2005; released poetry compilation, Ravens, 2005; had first gallery opening with an exhibit of paintings at the Spin Gallery, Toronto, 2006; released Orphan Music, 2006; released The Baroness, 2008. Awards: Eye Weekly magazine, best musician, 2005; NOW magazine, best female vocalist, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Warner Music Canada, 3381 Steeles Ave. E., Main Fl., Ste. 100, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M2H 3S7. Web site—Sarah Slean Official Web site: http:// www.sarahslean.com/.

placate all those little demons in modern society—go to a movie, have a drink with a friend, or just forget, forget, forget. You can’t do that in the woods. You’ve got to lie in the middle of it and suffer through it.” As Slean sat isolated in the woods, removed from all distractions, she found herself wanting to paint and play piano, and resolved to dedicate herself to those passions. During her stay in the woods, Slean wrote many of the songs that appeared on her next album, 2004’s Day One. This album was more beat-based than her previous efforts, sounding as if she had channeled a bit of Radiohead or Bjork. Packed with rollicking piano, the upbeat opener, “Day One,” seemed to be suited for a tap dance revue. Other songs, such as “Mary” and “California,” were more somber. This album included more variation, more contrast in songs and mood. As a critic for the Morning Star of Vernon, British Columbia, noted, “Day One is a CD rich in content and moody energy; some of it offbeat, upbeat, wistful and fateful.” The album sold well and earned Slean a Juno Award nomination for best adult alternative album. Speaking to Zivitz, Slean explained the deeper meaning behind the title: how humans, including herself, are prone to waiting for “some day” instead of living their lives in the now. “The reason I called the album Day One is because it’s a reversal of that ‘one day’ psychology. Every present moment is sitting there, this nugget of potential, and we let so many of them float away in this endless cascade.” Turned to Acting

In 1997 she released the six-song indie sampler Universe, which attracted the attention of Warner Music Canada, who signed her to a deal. The deal was unique in that it allowed Slean to independently release another album, 1998’s Blue Paradise, before recording for Warner. Slean wanted more experience before tackling a major studio project. Both releases were filled with mostly sad, slow-tempo numbers. Slean’s major label debut came with 2001’s Sarah Slean and was followed a year later with Night Bugs. On Night Bugs, Slean took on the role of co-producer, working with Toronto singer/songwriter and multiinstrumentalist Hawksley Workman. The eleven-track album, complete with Slean’s trademark rhythmic vocals and piano-playing precision, was more polished and edgy than her previous offerings, and garnered Slean a Juno nomination for best new artist. After the album’s release, Slean experienced a dark night of the soul. She felt lost, and her interest in music, people, and life seemingly came to an end. “Normally I can shake those seasons of my mood, but this time I couldn’t,” Slean told Jordan Zivitz of the Montreal, Canada, Gazette. Slean retreated to a family-owned cabin in the Ottawa woods, where she spent four months examining the root of her emotions. “You can

172 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 2005 Slean took her voice off the stage and put it in front of the camera, playing the femme fatale in director and co-writer David Mortin’s CBC musical Black Widow. This film-noir-tinged musical told the story of a dark-haired singer who murders and dismembers her husband. The story was loosely based on a real 1940s murder that rocked Canadian headlines. “I picked up one of [Slean’s] albums in the early stages of casting,” Mortin told Angela Pacienza in a story for the Halifax, Nova Scotia, Chronicle Herald. “Just listening to her music, some of the dark corners, I just immediately heard the right sort of sound.” The musical featured 1940s music, including songs made famous by Cole Porter and Mel Torme, which fit Slean’s style. Shot over a period of eleven days, the stylish black-and-white production won a Czech Crystal at the 2006 Golden Prague Awards, for best musical or dance program made for television. Slean earned a Gemini nomination for best performance in a performing arts program or series. In 2006 Slean traveled to France to write the songs that would appear on her 2008 release The Baroness. While in Europe, she suffered another creative block and decided to attend a retreat at a Buddhist monastery near Bordeaux. During the ten-day meditative retreat, facilitated by the famed Vietnamese monk Thich

Nhat Hanh, Slean underwent another transformation. “I feel so differently now,” she told Hunter. “Internally, there’s a whole new landscape—that’s the only way I can articulate it.” Her newfound confidence was palpable on The Baroness. The album opened with the rage-fueled “Get Home,” a song about cheaters that featured Slean’s voice and piano-playing with no other instrumentation. “In terms of angry-lover songs,” wrote the Montreal Gazette’s Lynn Saxberg, “this slow, sad tearjerker ranks right up there with Alanis Morissette’s fiery “You Oughta Know.” ” The Baroness served as a breakout album for Slean. On these tracks, she distinguished herself from other piano-playing songwriters. The Morning Star noted, “Slean is a different breed from her singing/piano playing sisters (Chantal Kreviazuk, Sarah McLachlan) in the business. Her music is textural as well as being accessible, yet a sense of mystery hovers behind it. This quality is infused with an adventurous spirit, giving Slean’s music a passionate playful edge.” Found Expression Through Painting, Poetry Slean is best known for her music, yet she has many creative sides. She has published poetry and is a painter as well, exhibiting her work in Canadian galleries. Writing in her online Journal on her Web site, Slean discussed her take on creativity and how songwriting, painting, and poetry are linked. “I’ve said before I really believe that all art comes from the same place— that meeting place or crossroads within every human— where the wondering, thirsty conscious mind in this particular time and place and form touches up against the eternal source or spirit.” As for personal preferences, Slean is a vegetarian who prefers Thai food. Writing on her Web site, she said her creative process often involves long walks, bike rides, and meditation. She collects vinyl recordings, favoring albums by Judy Garland and Marlene Dietrich. Over the years, she has remained an on-again, off-again student of philosophy and music at the University of Toronto. As for the future, Slean has said she intends to keep doing the same things. Speaking to the Toronto Sun,

she put it this way: “The fact that people are affected or moved by what I do means that I need to keep going. Two humans connecting with each other is a major event. I think that’s what we’re here to do. To deny that would be to sleepwalk through life.”

Selected discography Universe, independent release, 1997. Blue Parade, independent release, 1998. Sarah Slean, Atlantic Records, 2001. Night Bugs, WEA/Atlantic Records, 2002. Day One, WEA/Atlantic Records, 2004. Orphan Music (live), WEA/Atlantic Records, 2006. The Baroness, Warner Music Canada, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, March 30, 2002, p. 58. Canadian Musician, July/August 2002, p. 32. Chronicle Herald (Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada), January 16, 2006. Gazette (Montreal, Canada), September 25, 2004, p. D5; March 24, 2008, p. D4. Guelph Mercury (Ontario, Canada), May 15, 2008, p. F3. Morning Star (Vernon, British Columbia, Canada), January 2, 2005, p. 00b5. National Post (Canada), April 27, 2002, p. TO5; December 28, 2002, p. TO5. Toronto Star, July 1, 2002, p. C01. Toronto Sun, December 14, 2006, p. 86 (Scene).

Online “Biography,” Sarah Slean Official Web site, http://www. sarahslean.com/about/ss_bio.aspx (December 10, 2008). “Journal Q&A, Part 2,” Sarah Slean Official Web site, http:// www.sarahslean.com/about/SS_journal.aspx (December 10, 2008). —Lisa Frick

Slean • 173

Staind Rock group, heavy metal group

D

uring much of the 1980s and 1990s, metal and hard rock bands fell out of fashion, making way for such styles as grunge and hip-hop on the pop charts. But in the late 1990s and into the new millennium, the heavy hitters—from rap-metal platinum-selling bands to brutal rockers previously relegated to the underground—made a comeback, proving that metal was still alive and well. Crashing the mainstream party bands, groups like Staind, Sevendust, Static X, System Of A Down, Incubus, Coal Chamber, P.O.D., and music press favorites Slipknot cashed in with gold and platinum albums. Although most old school metal fans criticized the younger bands’ styles—an increased use of dissonance and a decreased use of melody—teens around the world latched on to the harsher sound immediately. By the late 1990s, new metal music had become an integral part of all active rock and most modern rock radio stations. The climate was perfect for a band like Staind, one specializing in fuzzy, loud guitars and hammering drum beats. Based in Springfield, Massachusetts, and comprised of Aaron Lewis on vocals, Mike Mushok on guitars, Johnny April on bass guitar, and Jon Wysocki on drums, the band’s roots dated back to 1993, when Lewis and Mushok met at a Christmas party. The duo, along with Wysocki, a friend of Mushok, and another bassist (who would leave the band) began rehearsing and performing the following year, and by November of 1995 the current lineup was complete. However, establishing themselves took both time and effort. Band

174 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

members did everything from flipping burgers at McDonald’s to mowing lawns to financing their first record and independent tour. “I’ve done many dishes in my day,” Lewis recalled to Rolling Stone’s Liza Ghorbani. “There was a time when Johnny was working three jobs and playing with us also.” In those days, the band went by the name Stain, but then learned that the moniker had already been claimed by another group. “So we got real creative and added a d,” explained Lewis. In November of 1996, Staind released their selfrecorded, self-promoted debut album. Tormented sold 2,000 copies within a year, thanks to the band members’ efforts distributing to local record stores and at concerts. From the end of the year and throughout most of 1997, Staind traveled all over England, performing with bands like Honeyball, Shed, Kilgore, GWAR, Far, and God Lives Underwater, steadily gaining a strong following. Their big break, however, arrived on October 23, 1997. That night Staind was set to open for Limp Bizkit at the Webster Theater in Hartford, Connecticut, when just 20 minutes before they were supposed to take the stage, Limp Bizkit lead singer Fred Durst approached Lewis, obviously angered, with a copy of Staind’s Tormented CD in hand. “Fred thought we were devil worshippers,” Lewis recalled to Ghorbani. “He was freaked out by our first CD cover, which was a bleeding Bible with a knife in it.” The confrontation finally ended when Durst threw the copy of Tormented across the table, making it clear that he wanted nothing to do with Staind. So much for their break, the band thought. Fortunately, Durst changed his mind and allowed the group to perform. He even stayed for the show, and ended up standing right next to the stage throughout Staind’s entire set. Durst told the group about a new production company he was starting, and expressed an interest in working with Staind. After an exchange of phone numbers, Limp Bizkit and Staind went their separate ways. Mushok learned that Limp Bizkit was opening for the Deftones near Boston on the eve of Thanksgiving Day in 1997. Thinking this a perfect opportunity to give Durst a copy of the band’s new demo, Staind drove to Boston and gave the demo to Limp Bizkit’s DJ Lethal, who in turn gave Durst the tape later that night. Following the show, Staind returned home, discouraged that they had not found Durst in person. However, after midnight, Mushok was awakened by a phone call from Durst, who told the guitarist that he loved the tape and invited Staind to join him at his home in Jacksonville, Florida, to work on their new material. After Christmas, Staind struck out for Florida and began work with Durst the day after their arrival. According to Staind, Durst had a significant impact on their sound. “Aaron, our singer, has an amazing voice and Fred helped to

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Johnny April, bass guitar;

Aaron Lewis, vocals; Mike Mushok, guitar;

Jon Wysocki, drums. Formed in Springfield, MA, 1995; released selfproduced debut album, Tormented, 1996; signed with

vocals. An All Music reviewer summed up the album: “The tempos, even when fast, let Lewis emote, and he does so with a full-bodied croon, something that sounds particularly jarring when he [curses], which he does a lot, often in choruses.” Chapter V, released in 2005, was classic, bad-attitude Staind. As John Murphy wrote in Musicomh, “It’s plain what we’re going to get here—an hour or so of unrelentingly grim, self-pitying, depressing rock.”

Flip Records, 1998; released Dysfunction, performed on Family Values Tour, 1999. Addresses: Record company—Flip Records, 8733 Sunset Blvd., Ste. 205, West Hollywood, CA 90069; Atlantic Records, 1290 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10104. Web site—Staind Official Web site: http:// www.staind.com.

bring that out,” Mushok wrote on the group’s Official Web site. “We had a lot of screaming parts in our songs. Fred said, ‘Man, you can sing, why don’t you do that more?’” While working with Staind, Durst contacted Flip Records president Jordan Schur, and within a week after leaving Jacksonville, Staind was aboard a plane to Los Angeles. Here, the band met with Schur, recorded a three-song sampler, and played some gigs with Limp Bizkit, Sevendust, and Clutch. In February of 1998, the group signed a deal with Flip, signed a joint venture with Elektra Records soon after that, and found a management company, The Firm, which also represented Limp Bizkit, Ice Cube, and Orgy. With the help of The Firm, in June of 1998 Staind persuaded Terry Date (known for his work with the Deftones, Pantera, Soundgarden, and White Zombie) to produce the group’s next album. Staind spent the summer and fall months of that year recording and mixing in Seattle. Released in April of 1999, Dysfunction proved an instant success. Containing the hit song “Mudshovel” (an earlier version also appeared on their self-made debut), it eventually achieved platinum status. A tour with Kid Rock followed the release of the album. That summer, Staind participated in the Family Values Tour, alongside such acts as Limp Bizkit, Filter, Run-DMC, Mobb Deep, and Crystal Method. In 2000, still riding high on their major-label debut, Staind contributed tracks to two compilation albums: the Scream 3 film soundtrack and a rock tribute to rap music titled Take A Bight Outta Rhyme: A Rock Tribute To Rap. In 2003 Staind released 14 Shades of Grey, which mingled the band’s loud guitar work and Lewis’s

In 2008 Staind released Illusion of Progress, but as the band noted on their MySpace page, the band’s progress was not just an illusion. The album included the band’s first stab at producing a “pop” song, and it was the first album that included lyrics with a political stance. In addition, Mushok joked on the MySpace page, “I don’t think Aaron says the word ‘pain’ once throughout the record!” Mushok noted that the album was different from their previous work, both musically and lyrically, perhaps because the members were older and more mature. “We think this album is a big step for us,” he noted on the MySpace page. Unlike the band’s trademark dark outlook, the album had a hint of optimism, as Mushok admitted: “The band have always taken a rap for being dark and gloomy, and it would be nice to try and get away from that.” Jody Rosen, a Rolling Stone reviewer, commented, “Beneath his mewl, Lewis sounds almost contented.” In Boston, Steve Morse wrote that “the music packs as much punch as ever—and [has] more variety,” and commented that the “upbeat” tone of some of the songs was “real progress for the band, not just the illusion of it.”

Selected discography Tormented, self released, 1996. Dysfunction, Flip, 1999. (Contributor) Scream 3 (soundtrack), 2000. (Contributor) Take A Bight Outta Rhyme: A Rock Tribute To Rap, Republic/Universal, 2000. Break the Cycle, Elektra, 2001. 2 Shades of Grey, Elektra, 2003. Chapter V, Elektra, 2005. Illusion of Progress, Atlantic, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, October 23, 1999; June 24, 2000. Boston Globe, December 3, 1999; January 3, 2000; January 27, 2000. Florida Times Union, October 10, 2008, p. WE15.

Staind • 175

Rolling Stone, November 11, 1999; November 25, 1999; December 7, 2000. Washington Post, May 14, 1999.

Online The Official Staind Homepage, http://www.staind.com (December 21, 2000). The Official Staind MySpace Page, http://www.myspace. com/staind (November 25, 2008). “Review,” All Music, http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p= a,g&uid=UIDMISS70311102142403183&sql=Aik9as35wa 3bg (November 25, 2008).

176 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“Staind: Chapter V,” Musicomh, August 8, 2005, http://www. musicomh.com/albums/staind_0805.htm (November 25, 2008). “Staind: The Illusion of Progress,” Boston, August 19, 2008, http://www.boston.com/ae/music/cd_reviews/articles/2008 /08/19/that’s_no_illusion__its_real_progress/ (November 25, 2008). “Staind,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/re views/album/22190040/review/22208906/the_illusion_of_ prog ress (November 25, 2008). —Laura Hightower and Kelly Winters

T

he rock band Survivor was formed in 1978, and has had a long and varied career, with many changes of personnel, but like their name, they are still going strong. They are best known for their song “Eye of the Tiger,” which was the theme song for the film Rocky III. Other hits by the band include “Burning Heart,” “The Search is Over,” “High on You,” and “I Can’t Hold Back.”

Survivor Rock band

The band began in 1977 when Jim Peterik, Gary Smith, and Dennis Keith Johnson got together to form the Jim Peterik Band. Peterik, who sang and played guitar, had previous experience as lead vocalist and guitarist for a band called Ides of March. As the Jim Peterik Band, they recorded one album, Don’t Fight the Feeling, with Epic Records. In 1978 they added Frankie Sullivan and Dave Bickler and renamed themselves Survivor. They released their first album, also called Survivor, in 1980, but none of the tracks on the album reached the Top 40. In 1981 Johnson and Smith left the band. They were replaced by Stephan Ellis and Marc Droubay, and the band recorded their second album, Premonition. This album had one Top 40 track, “Poor Man’s Son.” In 1982 Sylvester Stallone, famed for his portrayal of the persevering boxer “Rocky,” heard the song “Poor

Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images

Survivor • 177

Dave Bickler had problems with his voice, and had to quit singing.

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Marc Droubay, drums; Chris

Grove, guitar, keyboards; Robin McAuley, vo-

cals; Billy Ozzello, bass; Frankie Sullivan, guitar. Former members: Dave Bicker, vocals; Mickey Curry, drums; Klem Hayes, bass; Stefan Ellis, bass;

Jimi

Jamison,

vocals;

Dennis

Keith

Johnson, bass; Jim Peterik, vocals; Randy Riley,

Jimi Jamison, who had sung with the hard rock bands Target and Cobra, replaced Bickler in 1984. The band’s first album with Jamison as lead singer, Vital Signs, marked a return to prominence for the group: it included the hits “I Can’t Hold Back,” “High on You,” and “The Search is Over.” In the following year, they produced another hit with a song from the Rocky IV soundtrack; this song hit number two on Billboard’s Hot 100.

bass; Gary Smith, drums; Bill Syniar, bass; Kyle Woodring, drums; Michael Young, keyboards. Formed in 1978; released Survivor, 1980; Premonition, 1981; Eye of the Tiger, 1982; Caught in the Game, 1983; Vital Signs, 1984; When Seconds Count, 1986; Too Hot to Sleep, 1988; Greatest Hits, 1993; Reach, 2000; Prime Cuts: Classic Tracks, 1998; Survivor Special Selection, 2000; Fire in Your Eyes: Greatest Hits, 2001; Ultimate Survivor, 2004; Extended Versions: The Encore Collection, 2004; The Best of Survivor, 2006; Reach, 2006. Awards: People’s Choice Award and Grammy Award, for “Eye of the Tiger,” 1982. Addresses: Record company—Frontiers Records, via G. Gonzaga, 18 80125 Napoli, Italy. Management— Frontline Management Group, 1100 Glendon Ave., Ste. 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90024.

Man’s Son” and asked the band to write a theme song for his next movie, Rocky III. They wrote “Eye of the Tiger,” which rose to the top of the pop charts for seven weeks, and stayed in the Top 40 for 18 weeks. The song was also a hit in the United Kingdom and Australia. In addition to being enormously popular among listeners, the song won a Grammy and a People’s Choice Award for Best New Song, and was nominated for an Academy Award. Later in 1982, Survivor released an album, also called Eye of the Tiger, which reached the number two spot on the pop charts. In addition to the song “Eye of the Tiger,” it had another song that spent time in the Top 40, “American Heartbeat.” The band’s next album, Caught in the Game, was released in 1983, and was not nearly as successful. It reached only number 82 on the Billboard 200, and did not sell well. In that same year, Survivor’s lead singer

178 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1986 Survivor released When Seconds Count. Although this album never reached the heights of Vital Signs, it still sold enough copies to be certified gold. In 1988, while the band was working on Too Hot to Sleep, Ellis and Droubay left, and were replaced by Mickey Curry on drums and Bill Syniar on bass. The album barely made the Top 200, and its sales were disappointing. They were so disappointing, in fact, that the band decided to take a break from recording and touring. Jimi Jamison, however, was not tired of performing, and he continued to tour and play the band’s music with various other musicians; he even billed himself as Survivor, which was a source of conflict with other band members. In 1991 he recorded a solo album. In 1992 Sullivan joined Jamison’s group and briefly performed with them. In the early 1990s, the band was asked to make an album of their greatest hits, and to include two new songs, so Peterik, Sullivan, and Jamison briefly got together to record this new material. They still had difficulties negotiating a contract that made everyone happy, and the end result was that Jamison quit again and went on tour, calling himself “Jimi Jamison’s Survivor.” In 1993 Sullivan got together with Bickler and Peterik, and released a Greatest Hits album, then went on tour with Syniar on bass and Kyle Woodring on drums. Later in the year, bass player Klem Hayes joined and Syniar left. In the meantime, Peterik and Sullivan sued Jamison for using the name Survivor, claiming they were the real band by that name. For the next three years, Peterik, Sullivan, and Bickler recorded demos for a new album, but the argument and lawsuit over the rights to use the name Survivor made them unattractive to many record labels, so the album was never produced. The late 1990s were marked by a series of personnel changes, as various members came and went, and the band continued to record demo tracks, hoping for a record deal. In 1999 Jimi Jamison, recording as “Jimi Jamison’s Survivor,” released an album titled Empires.

However, in September of 1999 the ongoing court case was decided in Sullivan’s favor. Bickler left the band in 2000, and ironically, considering the court battle that had just ended, Jamison came back. In 2003 Billy Ozzello was replaced by Randy Riley. The early 2000s were marked by a series of television commercials incorporating the band’s music: their songs were used to promote Starbucks coffee and Bud Light beer. In 2005 the band appeared on the soundtrack album for the film Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy. In 2006 the band released Reach. In that same year, Jamison left the band again and Robin McAuley took over the vocals. They began working on a new album. The new lineup of members included McAuley on vocals, Frankie Sullivan on guitar and vocals, Marc Droubay on drums, Billy Ozzello on bass and Michael Young on keyboards. Survivor has continued to tour and play their music at concerts all over North America, Europe, and Asia; they still have dedicated fans from their heyday in the 1980s. In Modern Guitars, McAuley said, “I’m very excited at this opportunity to sing for Survivor.” He added, “This new Survivor promises to be full of energy, and with such a stable of awesome tunes to pick from, who knows what each show will bring? I’m ready!”

Selected discography Survivor, Scotti Brothers, 1980. Premonition, Scotti Brothers, 1981. Eye of the Tiger, Scotti Brothers, 1982. Caught in the Game, Scotti Brothers, 1983. Vital Signs, Scotti Brothers, 1984.

When Seconds Count, Scotti Brothers, 1986. Too Hot to Sleep, Scotti Brothers, 1988. Greatest Hits, Scotti Brothers, 1993. Reach, Polygram, 2000. Prime Cuts: Classics Tracks, Polygram, 1998. Survivor Special Selection, 2000. Fire in Your Eyes: Greatest Hits, 2001. Ultimate Survivor, Volcano, 2004. Extended Versions: The Encore Collection, 2004. The Best of Survivor, Volcano, 2006. Reach, Frontiers, 2006.

Sources Online “Interview with Jimi Jamison,” Rockeyez, December 2007, http://www.rockeyez.com/interviews/int-jimi-jamison.html (November 15, 2008). “Survivor,” Billboard, http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/bio/index.jsp?pid=5792 (November 15, 2008). “Survivor,” Sing 365, http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/ Survivor-Biography/ 9B5A61CDF832D5E8482569ED001F5996 (November 15, 2008). “Survivor Announces New Singer and New Studio Album Due in 2007,” Modern Guitars, July 13, 2006, http://www. modernguitars.com/archives/002090.html (November 15, 2008). “Survivor Interview,” Lords of Metal, http://www.lordsofmetal. nl/showinterview.php?id=1365具=en (November 15, 2008). Survivor Official MySpace Page, http://www.profile.myspace. com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendID= 139302835 (November 15, 2008). Survivor Official Web Site, http://www.survivormusic.com (November 15, 2008). —Kelly Winters

Survivor • 179

C

ountry singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, in the words of the New Yorker magazine, is a prodigy. With an uncanny knack for turning ordinary teenage experiences into fresh country songs that appeal to all ages, she was not just the biggest new star in country music in 2007 and 2008 but among the genre’s biggest stars of any age. Beginning her formal country career as a staff songwriter at 14, Swift seemed equipped to become much more than a teen star who flamed out as an adult. “I write songs about my life,” she told George Hatza of Pennsylvania’s Reading Eagle. “When my life changes, so will my music. It’s as simple as that. I tell stories.”

Taylor Swift

Taylor Swift was born on December 13, 1989, in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, near the city of Reading. She has one sibling, a younger brother named Austin. Swift’s family operated a Christmas tree farm, and she was steered toward outdoor pursuits. “I had her sitting on a pony when she was nine months old,” Swift’s mother, Andrea, told Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly. “If my dream had gone well, she’d be in a horse show right now.” Swift’s father, Scott, sold stocks on the side. The only obvious forerunner of Swift’s musical talent was her grandmother Marjorie Finlay, an opera singer.

Singer, songwriter

Stephen Lovekin/Getty Images

That talent showed itself early: when the family went to see an animated musical film from the Walt Disney studios, Swift would emerge from the theater singing the words of all the songs correctly. At age 11 she sang “The Star-Spangled Banner” at a Philadelphia 76ers game. Some tough experiences during her pre-teen years fired up a layer of creativity to go with Swift’s talent. As a child she attended the academically competitive Wyndcroft School in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, but then switched to public schools in Wyomissing. Although it was her hometown, she didn’t know any of her fellow students, and she was terrified. Swift began to catch on to the storytelling aspect of country songs, and when she was given a guitar she began to channel her feelings into songs of her own, practicing the guitar until her fingers bled.

180 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

One of her future hits, “The Outside,” was written when she was only 12. “I wrote that about the scariest feeling I’ve ever felt: going to school, walking down the hall, looking at all those faces, and not knowing who you’re gonna talk to that day,” she told Willman. “People always ask, How did you have the courage to walk up to record labels when you were 12 or 13? It’s because I could never feel the kind of rejection in the music industry that I felt in middle school.” Swift’s parents quickly realized that they had someone special on their hands. They sold their farm when she was 13 and moved the family to Hendersonville, Tennessee, outside Nashville. Swift didn’t have much luck as a singer at first, approaching labels with a demo on which she sang Dolly Parton and Dixie Chicks songs. But songwriting was

For the Record . . .

B

orn on December 13, 1989, in Wyomissing, PA;

daughter of Scott (a Christmas tree farmer and

stockbroker) and Andrea Swift. Education: Homeschooled for high school coursework after attending schools in Pottstown, PA, Wyomissing, PA, and Hendersonville, TN. Sang National Anthem at Philadelphia 76ers game at age 11; signed at age 14 as staff songwriter by Sony Tree publishing house, Nashville; signed as performer by Big Machine label; released Taylor Swift, toured with Rascal

Swift’s debut album, Taylor Swift, was released at the end of 2006, and she went on tour to support it as an opening act with country stars who could draw arenasized crowds: the band Rascal Flatts in 2006, and the impressive quintet of George Strait, Brad Paisley, Kenny Chesney, Tim McGraw, and Faith Hill the following year. A five-foot, eleven-inch blonde with a dry, grainy voice that fell naturally into the country tradition, she was a compelling performer who incorporated songs by non-country performers such as Eminem and Beyoncé into her shows. But, asked by Hatza whether she thought of herself more as a singer or a songwriter, she promptly replied, “I love lyrics more than notes. A song is a favorite song not because the singer can hit and hold a high note but because of the words, their meaning.”

Flatts, 2006; toured with George Strait, Brad Paisley, Kenny Chesney, Tim McGraw, and Faith Hill, 2007; released Fearless, 2008. Awards: Country Music Association, Horizon Award, Academy of Country Music, Top New Female Vocalist, both 2008. Addresses: Record company—Big Machine Records, 1219 16th Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37212. Web site—Official Taylor Swift Web sites: http://www. taylorswift.com; http://www.myspace.com/taylorswift.

another story. The following year, she was signed as a staff songwriter by the prestigious Sony Tree music publisher in Nashville. The environment at Hendersonville High School might have provided other students merely with gossip fodder, but for Swift it was the raw material for new songs. “There was always some drama I could write songs about,” she told Eileen Finan of People. “Like my friend getting broken up with and bawling her eyes out or a guy being completely immature.” Swift had a knack, above all, for putting young love into words with an accuracy far beyond her years. Her first single, “Tim McGraw,” wove references to an unnamed song by that country superstar with vivid imagery of “a boy in a Chevy truck / that had a tendency of gettin’ stuck / on backroads at night.” In “Our Song” she wrote, “Our song is the slamming screen door, sneakin’ out late, tapping on your window.” Swift was soon performing at Nashville’s Bluebird Cafe on 21st Avenue South. Music Row executive Scott Borchetta heard her there and signed her to his Big Machine label. In the summer of 2006 he released “Tim McGraw,” and almost from the start the 16-year-old Taylor Swift was a star.

Taylor Swift was an impressive debut, topping the Billboard magazine country albums chart and cracking the pop top five. Five consecutive singles from the album landed in the country top ten, a first in the history of the genre, and “Our Song” spent six weeks at the top. Swift had songwriting help from Liz Rose on some of the songs, but “Our Song” was entirely her own, and it made her the youngest person ever to write and sing a number-one country single. The Taylor Swift album, in a time of sharply declining album sales, was certified triple platinum and went on to sell more than 3.5 million copies. In 2007 Swift took home the Country Music Association’s Horizon Award and the Top New Female Vocalist Award from the rival Academy of Country Music. Swift released Sounds of the Season: The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection in 2007, and then an EP, Beautiful Eyes, containing acoustic versions of some of her songs. In late 2007 she began working on her sophomore album. She approached the problem with typical confidence and groundedness, telling Joey Guerra of the Houston Chronicle that “I feel kind of bad saying I don’t feel it, but I’m not feeling pressure. I’ve been writing these songs since I was 12. I’ve got, like, 40 that I want to put on the next record.” That confidence held up through a brush with tabloid publicity as Swift was romantically linked to Joe Jonas of the pop group the Jonas Brothers, was dumped by phone, and faced a pregnancy rumor that she categorically denied. Swift’s core fan base of teenage girls continued to grow, and there was pent-up demand by the time she issued her second album, Fearless, in November of 2008. The album continued to shatter sales records, making its debut atop the Billboard 200 pop albums chart and doing extremely well in the digital download market, historically weaker for country music. Fearless, which Swift co-produced, was the fourth-biggest digital debut of all time, behind albums by Coldplay, Jack Johnson, and Kanye West. Music from her MySpace

Swift • 181

page had been streamed more than 120 million times. The single “White Horse” made its debut at number 13 on the pop top 100; it was Swift’s sixth pop top 20 debut for the year, exceeding the Jonas Brothers’ record of five. The songwriting on Fearless was, if anything, even stronger than that on Swift’s debut. Among the hits that emerged from the early days of the album’s release was “Fifteen,” with its understated line, “Abigail gave everything she had to a boy who changed his mind, and we both cried.” Swift had no shortage of ideas for the future. “Later on there will definitely be a huge temptation for me to make an alt-country record, something edgier and a little darker,” she told Joe Caramanica of the New York Times. There were also offers to appear in television situation comedies, and acting seemed to be on the horizon.

Sources Books Reusser, Kayleen, Taylor Swift, Mitchell Lane, 2009 (for young adult readers). Ryals, Lexi, Taylor Swift: Country’s Sweetheart, Price Stern Sloan, 2008 (for young adult readers).

Periodicals Billboard, November 29, 2008, p. 45. Entertainment Weekly, February 8, 2008, p. 40. Houston Chronicle, November 3, 2007, p. 3. New York Times, September 7, 2008, p. 61. Palm Beach Post, January 27, 2007, p. D1. People, May 21, 2007, p. 122. PR Newswire, November 19, 2008. Reading Eagle (Reading, PA), December 7, 2008. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), November 9, 2008, p. E1. USA Today, August 8, 2008, p. D11; November 11, 2008, p. D5; November 12, 2008, p. D4.

Selected discography

Online

Taylor Swift, Big Machine, 2006. Sounds of the Season: The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection, Target, 2007. Beautiful Eyes, Big Machine, 2008 (EP) Fearless, Big Machine, 2008.

“Prodigy: The Rise of Taylor Swift,” The New Yorker, http:// www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/musical/2008/11/10/ 081110crmu_music_frerejones (December 7, 2008). “Taylor Swift,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.c (December 7, 2008). —James M. Manheim

182 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

T

Tokio Hotel Rock group

o American MTV audiences, Tokio Hotel came seemingly out of nowhere. And when they did reach the United States in 2008, they came with a strong, exotic, but totally relatable sound. Fronted by the German 18-year-old lead singer Bill Kaulitz—whose androgynous fashion sense and style was new to American teens—American audiences liked what they heard almost immediately, but few of them knew that Tokio Hotel were already worldwide rock stars, with over five million records sold. In April of 2008, Tokio Hotel released their first album in the United States, titled Scream. The band’s musical style was reminiscent of emo and pop-punk, but Tokio Hotel’s foreign accents and outrageous style made it hard for critics to describe the band. “It’s official,” wrote Rolling Stone. “These guys are the greatest German bubblegum-neo-glamgoth-emo boy band. Ever.” In Austria and Switzerland, Tokio Hotel’s albums had already reached four times platinum before the group entered the U.S. market in 2008. And all with lead singer Kaulitz not much older than his fans. Twin brothers Bill and Tom Kaulitz started a band together in Magdeburg, Germany, in around 2001. Bill’s style led him to be a good front man, while brother Tom played guitar, and the brothers then added bassist

Soul Brother/Film Magic/Getty Images

Tokio Hotel • 183

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Bill Kaulitz, lead vocals; Tom

Kaulitz, guitar; Georg Listing, bass; Gustav

Shafer, drums. Band formed in Magdeburg, Germany, c. 2001; signed to Universal Germany, 2003; released debut Schrei, 2005; Zimmer 483, 2007; released first Englishspeaking album, Scream, 2007 (Europe), and 2008 (United States). Awards: MTV Music Video Awards, Best New Artist, 2008; MTV Europe Music Awards, Best Headliner,

temporary youthful spin. For Scream, the band wrote all their songs in German and then had them translated in order to re-sing them in English. The album was yet another hit in Germany. At the end of April 2008, Tokio Hotel released Scream in the United States on Interscope/Universal records. While some critics might not have taken Tokio Hotel very seriously, one thing couldn’t be denied; their look made them unforgettable, along with their thick German accents. While Tokio Hotel’s excessive style may have been a gimmick, it worked well for them. W magazine summed up Tokio Hotel’s style by referring to them as “gender-bending emo-pop rockers.” Brother Bill’s glam-rock hair and androgynous clothes has caused him to be mistaken for a girl on more than one occasion, while Tom wears a hip-hop style, with baggy pants and a baseball pop-punk look.

2008. Addresses: Record company—Universal, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404. Web site—Tokio Hotel Official Web site: www.tokiohotel-us.com.

Georg Listing and drummer Gustav Schafer. When the teenage quartet first started playing together, they did so under the name Devlish. They signed a deal in 2003 with Universal Records in Germany. They dropped the moniker Devlish and went with Tokio Hotel, which held some connection to the band members. “When we started to get deals with record companies, we thought it was time to find a name that fits and [was] one we all liked,” Bill told CosmoGIRL!. “We love New York and L.A. because they’re really big cities, and we chose Tokio [the German spelling of Tokyo] because it’s a wicked place. _ We came up with Hotel because we’re living out of hotels these days. Our lives are packed in our suitcases and we always carry them behind us.” Lead singer Bill, the youngest member of the band, was just into his teenage years when Tokio Hotel released their first album, Schrei (sung in German), in 2005. The album had three number one hit songs overseas and was one of Germany’s most popular new bands, with thousands of screaming girls cooing over them. Two years later, the band released Zimmer 483, which went to number one on the charts in Germany, just as their debut had done. In June of 2007, the band released their first album sung in English. With its energetic and emotional melodies, it was appropriately titled Scream. The band was on their way to getting to an English-speaking audience. “It’s always been a dream of ours to make it in the States,” Bill stated on the band’s Web site. “We grew up listening to American bands like Metallica, Green Day and The Red Hot Chili Peppers.” Tokio Hotel’s genre-hopping music actually takes elements from all those bands and adds a con-

184 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Tokio Hotel admitted to having some assistance with the lyrics of Scream. “We had some help with [this album] because our English is not so good,” Bill told MTV.com’s James Montgomery. “For me, it was pretty hard to go into the studio and sing English for the first time. … We’ve been making music for seven years and it’s always been in German. So that took some time, and hopefully the fans will like it. It’s really important to us that everyone can understand our lyrics.” The U.S. version of Scream is a collection of songs from the previous albums Schrei and Zimmer 483, re-recorded in English. It was really MTV that introduced Tokio Hotel to American fans, and their style as a band was something totally new to MTV’s primarily teenage audience. “Kaulitz … has the charisma of a natural front man, delivering both yowling rocks (“Scream”) and sentimental ballads … with an audible twinkle in his eye that suggests he’s not entirely serious,” wrote Rolling Stone. The album received minimum airplay on radio in the United States, but MTV displayed its affection for Tokio Hotel early on; the band won a Best New Artist award at the MTV’s 2008 Video Music Awards. They also took home an award for Best Headliner at the MTV Europe Music Awards. By the time Tokio Hotel had become popular with U.S. fans, they were more than eager to begin work on a new album. “We really wanted to try something new,” Bill told Montgomery, referring to their next album. “So I think there are a lot of different and new sounds.” Tokio Hotel are a group of young men who may become idols for fans as well as for aspiring younger musicians. When CosmoGirl! asked the band if they had advice for “anyone who wanted to get a start in music,” Bill answered: “We hate to be in the position of telling people what to do because when we started, people who were older and had been in the business a awhile would tell us how we should act and what we should do, and we didn’t like that. Everyone has to

make their own decisions and go through their own experience—find out for yourself. Everyone has to find their way.”

Selected discography Schrei, Universal Germany, 2005. Zimmer 483, Universal Germany, 2007. Scream, Universal Germany, 2007; reissued, Interscope Universal, 2008. Scream (U.S. English-language release), Interscope Universal, 2008.

Sources Periodicals W, September 2008.

Online “Tokio Hotel,” CosmoGIRL!, http://www.cosmogirl.com/enter tainment/celeb-qa/tokio-hotel (November 27, 2008). “Tokio Hotel,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/ artists/tokiohotel/albums/album/20635358/review/20533 382/scream (November 27, 2008). “Tokio Hotel Deny They’re Collaborating with Miley Cyrus, Keep Tattoos Hidden,” http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/ 1598895/20081107/tokio_hotel.jhtml (November 27, 2008). “Tokio Hotel Hope to Expand Already-Rabid Fanbase To Make It Big In the U.S.,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/ news/articles/1587049/20080507/tokio_hotel.jhtml (November 27, 2008). Tokio Hotel Official Web site, http://www.tokiohotel-us.com (November 27, 2008). —Shannon McCarthy

Tokio Hotel • 185

E

The Verve Alternative-rock group

nglish alternative act The Verve traveled a long road during their mere half-decade of existence, a path that might be defined by the fact that fellow northern England musicians Oasis once opened for their live shows. A few years later, The Verve were scheduled as Oasis’s opening act. Oasis singer Liam Gallagher even admitted in print to liking them—a high honor, given his disdain for most popular music except that of his own band. The Verve’s career path was also marked by two well-received albums, debauched nights during the 1994 Lollapalooza tour, the narrow avoidance of a potentially costly lawsuit, and interviews with the press in which they unabashedly proclaimed their talent and high moral standards in the face of relentless pressure to sell out. Despite their misfortunes, the band’s spiraling, guitar-driven melodies and complex arrangements won them vociferous critical praise as well as comparisons to the Doors, early U2, and even Pink Floyd. The Verve formed as simply “Verve” around 1990 in the English town of Wigan, near Manchester’s famed music scene. Founding members Richard Ashcroft, Simon Jones, Nick McCabe, and Peter Salisbury attended college together, and Ashcroft had long entertained dreams of escaping Wigan’s dreary atmosphere, at one time considering a career on the soccer field. His

Bob Berg/Getty Images

186 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

For the Record . . .

M

embers include: Richard Ashcroft (born c.

1972, in England), vocals; Simon Jones (born

c. early 1970s, in England; married; wife’s name, Myra), bass; Nick McCabe (born c. early 1970s, in England), guitar; Peter Salisbury (born c. early 1970s, in England), drums. Group formed c. 1990, in Wigan, England; signed with Hut Records, 1991; released three singles in England and later an EP, The Verve EP, on Hut; same EP also released on Caroline Records in the United States; released A Storm in Heaven, 1993; No Come Down, 1994; A Northern Soul, 1995; Urban Hymns, 1997; This is Music, 2007; Forth, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Virgin Group Ltd., 120 Campden Hill Rd., London W8 7AR, United Kingdom.

father’s death when Ashcroft was just eleven impacted his ambitions: “He’d worked nine to five all his life, and he suffered and got nowhere,” the singer told Melody Maker’s David Stubbs. “I immediately realised that this wasn’t the life for me. Immediately I found out how quickly someone can die and just be wiped out.” In high school, he asserted during a career-guidance session that he wanted to be a musician. “I got the classic wry smile that said, ‘You’re going to be working in a factory in two years, son,’” he recalled in an interview with Andrew Smith for the same publication. “After that, I fluffed my exams and then I really started thinking about doing it.” Joined Vernon Yard Label After The Verve played their first London show and completed a demo tape that cost a mere $90 to record, they were signed to England’s Hut label and were playing regular shows around London by 1991. They released three singles in England, but refused to cut their eight-to-ten-minute tracks down to a more radiofriendly format. Their music was lauded by critics, but the singles failed to chart—though Ashcroft’s resemblance to Mick Jagger did make good press. The Verve’s refusal to become acquiescent performers for their label also seemed a hindrance to greater success. Once they walked off stage after only two songs (although one lasted 25 minutes) because of poor turnout. Hut released a five-track EP titled The Verve EP in 1992, comprised of their earlier singles

and B-sides; it was also released in the United States on the Caroline label. Sharon O’Connell reviewed it for Melody Maker and described the band and their music as “all weightlessness and detachment, their tunes barely-delineated, freeform drifts which refuse definition. … They have a petulant, ragged glamour and there’s Ashcroft at their centre, a dark star with a stripling ego who seduces/goads/guides the others toward their transcendental launch pad.” In 1993 The Verve were picked as the first band on the Vernon Yard label, a newly-created American affiliate of British giant Virgin Records. Their full-length debut, recorded in Cornwall, was A Storm in Heaven, released that same year on Hut in England and Vernon Yard in the United States. “Slide Away” appeared as the single, and did nominally well, receiving some airplay on American alternative stations. Yet the band remained pegged in the “indie” slot, even though it received almost unstinting praise from jaded rock journalists in both countries. Writing about A Storm in Heaven, Smith avowed that “it shimmers and drifts, going nowhere beautifully.” David Stubbs reviewed it for the same paper and termed it “music to make your head melt.” That first single, Stubbs asserted, moved “effortlessly from glittering, turquoise beauty to tempestuous noise.” He concluded by enthusing: “Verve have already achieved transcendence—their music sounds like it’s been around for centuries waiting to be brought into being and will linger for centuries to come.” Lawsuit Reached Compromise American reviewers were equally laudatory, with Rolling Stone pegging the band as an up-and-coming alternative act of 1993. The magazine called their first full-length release “an engrossing, atmospheric debut that jams an epic-song spine plus zero-to-ninety-andback-again dynamics into the hellbent guitar storms of Britain’s psychedelic dreamers.” The summer of 1993, however, was also the start of numerous troubles for the band. The venerable jazz label “Verve,” part of the Deutsche Grammophone company, initiated a lawsuit to order them to stop using the name, lest musicbuyers become confused. In the initial suit, the label demanded that sales of A Storm in Heaven be halted and, in the event of infringement, that all profits be seized. Vernon Yard president Keith Wood issued a statement quoted in Billboard that read, in part, “I cannot imagine a record buyer mistakenly coming home with the new Verve album when they’ve set out to buy a Charlie Parker box set.” A compromise was reached that resulted in the band’s name change to “The” Verve. Being launched into the world of American alternative rock had other drawbacks. Tales of unabashed substance abuse and destroyed hotel rooms abounded; Ashcroft earned the nickname “mad Richard” for his misbehavior both off and onstage. “At the start, it was

The Verve • 187

an adventure, but America nearly killed us,” the singer told Melody Maker writer Dave Simpson in 1995. “My problem, basically, is that I think too much. Sticking someone who thinks too much on a chrome bus and sending him around America isn’t a very good … experiment.” Returning to their hometown of Wigan was also difficult. “That’s supposed to be your life, but you don’t know who you are,” bassist Simon Jones explained to Simpson. The group set out to record a followup album, but the aforementioned escapades made recording difficult. Additionally, Ashcroft was devastated by the breakup with his girlfriend of six years, and a sense of isolation and despair worked its way onto the recording. Despite hindrances to its creation and completion, A Northern Soul was released in mid-1995. Again, it was well received by critics, and this time by fans as well; just two months after A Northern Soul’s summer release, it had sold more copies than A Storm in Heaven had in two years. Simpson called one cut, “History,” an “epic, windswept symphony of strings, flailing vocals and staggeringly bitter sentiments.” Melody Maker colleague Victoria Segal contended the record “has a mirror-smashing intensity.” Unfortunately, such intensity ultimately seemed to signal the end of the band. A series of concert dates in the United States, and the attendant round of press interviews that went with it, further exhausted Ashcroft. He quit, and The Verve then officially disbanded in August of 1995. Band Reunited Although the band had broken up, they got back together to record Urban Hymns, released in 1997. Initially they had worked without guitarist Nick McCabe, and tried to replace him with Simon Tong, but they found that their sound was not the same, and they convinced McCabe to come back for Urban Hymns. The album’s lead-off single was “Bittersweet Symphony,” and the song led the album to sell millions of copies in the UK. In 2007 they released This is Music: Singles 92-98, a collection of singles from earlier albums. In Stylus, Nick Southall speculated that the collection’s pre-Christmas release was a marketing ploy, a theory echoed by Lou Thomas in BBC News. Both reviewers noted that fans of The Verve would do better to simply listen to the albums the songs originated from. Forth, released in 2008, was “a return to that whirlpoolguitar, shaman-song form” of their earlier work, according to David Fricke in Rolling Stone. Fricke added that the best tracks on the album “are just chord patterns that swirl and mutate with slow assurance.” In Bill-

188 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

board, Jonathan Cohen wrote that the album “not only equals The Verve’s best work, but in many cases exceeds it.” Amanda Petrusich remarked in the New York Times that the album “is designed for large-scale playback.” Through the years, the band has been through various struggles and breakups, often precipitated by Ashcroft’s impulsiveness. A reviewer in the London Guardian wrote about guitarist McCabe, his struggles with Ashcroft’s ego, and his contribution to the band: “He is consumed by an alchemist’s belief that such base materials as guitars and amps can be transformed into gold. Sometimes he fails. But when he succeeds, it’s sublime.”

Selected discography The Verve (EP), Caroline, 1992. A Storm in Heaven, Vernon Yard/Virgin, 1993. No Come Down (EP), Vernon Yard/Virgin, 1994. A Northern Soul, Vernon Yard/Virgin, 1995. Urban Hymns, Virgin, 1997. This Is Music: Singles 92-98, Virgin, 2007. Forth, On Your Own, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, May 8, 1993, pp. 1, 79; July 3, 1993, pp. 10, 76. Guitar Player, October 1995, p. 19. Melody Maker, June 12, 1992, pp. 28-29; December 5, 1992, p. 29; May 15, 1993, p. 43; June 19, 1993, p. 33; May 15, 1994, p. 5; May 28, 1994, p. 34; May 13, 1995, pp. 10-11; July 1, 1995, p. 38; July 15, 1995, pp. 30-32; September 9, 1995, p. 5. Rolling Stone, July 8, 1993, p. 95; October 5, 1995, p. 32.

Online BBC News, December 12, 2007, http://www.bbc.co.uk/ music/release/h563/ (November 25, 2008). Billboard, http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/content_display/ reviews/albums/e3if01d9e91f82d7f2906cdb7d9d9ddef84 (November 25, 2008). Guardian, August 22, 2008, http://www.guardian.co.uk/music /2008/aug/22/rockreview.theverve (November 25, 2008). New York Times, http://www.mytimes.com/2008/09/01/arts/ music/01choi.html?_r=2&ref=music&oref=slogin (November 25, 2008). Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/albums/ 22684336/review/22694615/forth (November 25, 2008). Stylus Magazine, http://www.stylusmagazine.com/reviews/ the-verve/this-is-music-the-singles-92-98.htm (November 25, 2008). —Carol Brennan and Kelly Winters

M

artha Wainwright was born into a small kingdom of musical talent. Her mother, Kate McGarrigle, and her aunt, Anna, form one of Canada’s most beloved folksinging duos. Her father, Loudon Wainwright III, is a legendary American folk and blues singer/songwriter. Her brother, Rufus, is a driven singer/songwriter who has explored pop and jazz genres and achieved several commercial hits. With that kind of talent surrounding her, it would seem some of it would rub off. But for Martha, it rubbed off in a unique and fierce way. Andrew Pain of the U.K.’s Middlesbrough Evening Gazette described Wainwright’s version of the singer/ songwriter as completely different from the standard definition, commenting that “she doesn’t trade alongside them … Back with a second record that’s both tender and tough, beautiful and brutal, and simmering with invention and confidence, Martha forgot to read the rulebook.”

Martha Wainwright

Wainwright was born on May 8, 1976, in Montreal, Canada. Her parents divorced when she was still a baby, and she was raised primarily with her mother and brother. When she was older, her summers were spent splitting time between her parents, often performing with them onstage at festivals and concerts. She described the experience to Shanda Deziel of Maclean’s: “It’s not like we were the von Trapp family and forced to sing on every song. We would get up and sing on a couple, and then spent the rest of the day running around the hippies in the grass.”

Singer, songwriter

As a teenager Wainwright wanted to pursue an acting career, and she enrolled at Concordia University in Montreal. The decision was short-lived, as Wainwright found herself writing songs and performing around Montreal. Eventually she dropped out of school and toured for a while as a backup singer with brother Rufus. In the late 1990s, Wainwright moved to the United States to live in New York City, ending up in Brooklyn. During her early years in New York, she spent her evenings playing bars around the city while deflecting queries from her father about why she did not have a real job.

AP Images

Frustrated that she seemed to be going nowhere, Wainwright tried to fund her own recording. Funds ran out quickly, but not before she found a producer who was willing to work with her. Brad Albetta was impressed with Wainwright’s style, and helped her produce her first studio album, the self-titled Martha Wainwright. Released in 2005, it earned her critical acclaim. Filled with deeply confessional and personal songs, the album gave the world a taste of her talents as both a singer and songwriter. The tour to promote the album included a stop in Austin, Texas, for 2005’s South by Southwest. For the soundtrack to the film Leonard Cohen: I’m Your Man, a 2006 documentary about singer/songwriter Leonard Cohen, Wainwright sang three songs. The

Wainwright • 189

For the Record . . .

B

orn on May 8, 1976, in Montreal, Quebec,

Canada; daughter of Kate McGarrigle (French-

Canadian folk singer) and Loudon Wainwright III (American folk and blues performer); married Brad Albetta, 2007. Education: Attended Concordia University, Montreal. As a child, performed with parents at festivals and concerts; made guest appearances on several of their respective albums, 1995-2003; guest appearances on many of her brother Rufus’s albums, including Rufus Wainwright (1998), Poses (2001), Want One (2003), Want Two (2004), Release the Stars (2007), and Rufus Does Judy at Carnegie Hall (2007); released Martha Wainwright, 2005; released I Know You’re Married But I’ve Got Feelings Too, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Rounder Records, One Rounder Way, Burlington, MA 01803. Web site—Martha

Wainwright

Official

Web

site,

http://www.

marthawainwright.com/.

project included her brother as well as her mother and aunt, with whom she sang “Winter Lady.” In an interview with Howard Pousner of the Atlanta Journal, Wainwright described how she had been listening to Cohen since she was 13 years old. “He’s helped me understand poetry, how to write songs and express things, and opened the world up to me.” In 2007 she performed at the tribute concert for Syd Barrett, one of the original members of the band Pink Floyd. Along with her mother, she sang a moving version of the song “See Emily Play.” That same year she made her stage debut in London, singing the part of Anna in the Royal Opera House production of the ballet The Seven Deadly Sins, by playwright Kurt Weill. For the production, Wainwright sang the libretto written by Bertolt Brecht that narrates the story of a singer/dancer who tries to find a life in America, but ultimately suffers at the hands of the seven deadly sins. The play was successful enough that another production, again starring Wainwright, was scheduled just two years later. Also in 2007 she and Albetta were married, in the company of such music legends as Emmylou Harris and Linda Thompson. For most of 2008, Wainwright toured to support her second studio album, I Know You’re Married But I’ve

190 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Got Feelings Too. The exhausting schedule included stops in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and her native Canada. In the midst of touring, she took time out to cruise around Greenland as part of a collaboration of artists and scientists who were viewing the effects of global warming. All the traveling left little time for rest or celebration. She and Albetta celebrated their first year anniversary with a sedate dinner out. On I Know You’re Married But I’ve Got Feelings Too she collaborated with The Who’s guitarist Pete Townshend, Steely Dan’s Donald Fagen, and the Band’s Garth Hudson. After working with these three legends of rock music, Wainwright described the experience when talking with Dave Madeloni of Vermont’s Brattleboro Reformer: “Working with Pete, Garth and Donald is a privilege of course, those three live and breathe music.” Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times lauded Wainwright’s performance on the album, writing, “Wainwright dares to do what far too few artists can in today’s … cultural climate. She gives ferocious, tender voice to female desire, conjuring scenes and dreams that don’t fit within the tightly managed image of femininity so dominant today.” After struggling with the weight of her family history, Wainwright seems to have come to terms with her place in the music business in particular, and with life in general. She explained to Madeloni, “Until recently, I was never sure whether I’d got into the music industry because of nepotism. I always questioned my reasons for starting to write. Was it because of my family?. … I never thought there was room for me. … Right now, I feel like there might be.” As she becomes more confident, Wainwright seems sure to be able to find just the right place for her talents.

Selected discography Martha Wainwright, Zoe Records, 2005. I Know You’re Married But I’ve Got Feelings Too, Shock Records, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Atlanta Journal-Constitution, July 14, 2006, p. E3. Brattleboro Reformer (Vermont), September 11, 2001. Daily Telegraph (London), October 11, 2008, p. 4. Evening Gazette (Middlesbrough, United Kingdom), September 12, 2008, p. 10. Los Angeles Times, June 10, 2008, p. E1. Maclean’s (Toronto), April 18, 2005, p. 50-51. Observer (London), September 28, 2008, p. 6. —Eve Hermann

Natalie Walker Singer

F

ormer lead singer for the band Daughter Darling, Natalie Walker has released two albums that feature her haunting voice and ethereal sound. Walker was born and raised in Indiana, where she grew up in a born-again Christian family. Her parents gave her a sheltered upbringing and were quite strict with her, but she described them as “great” to an interviewer in Hoooka.com. She commented that her sheltered upbringing was good for her in the long run, because as a young person she didn’t hear much pop or rock music; she was mostly exposed only to country or religious music, so she was “a blank slate.” Eventually, she heard artists like Portishead, Beth Orton, Over the Rhine, Alison Krauss, Ani DiFranco, Bjork, Jewel, and Lauryn Hill, all of whom influenced her sound. Walker did not do well in school, and had negative experiences there. She told Hoooka, “I knew from the beginning that I was different. Going to school, going to college, getting a job didn’t click. But I knew I loved to sing.” She began singing as soon as she could talk, but because she was very shy, she did it in secret, and even her parents didn’t know of her talent. She told Hoooka that when she was 13, she “sang at a banquet in front of 300 people. [My parents] were floored. Suddenly everyone knew Natalie Walker could sing.” When she was 17, Walker formed her first band, a funk-folk group. Then she left Indiana to attend a Christian college in a small town in Kentucky. She spent a year and a half at the school, but at age 18 she had begun to question her beliefs and the religion of her upbringing.

Meanwhile, she had met Travis Fogelman of the group Daughter Darling through an ad Fogelman had placed online, looking for a singer. She was sent a sample to record, and when she sent her version back to Travis and his brother Steve, they invited her to join the group immediately. However, she was still in school and was doing relatively well. She decided to see if she could let her musical life and her religious upbringing coexist by joining a worship band that spent the summer touring and performing. According to Hoooka, she explained, “I’m glad I went on that tour because it was confirmation that I needed to push further and do something completely remarkable and different.” She eventually decided that it was time to move on to a new stage in her life. In February of 2002, Walker moved to Philadelphia, where Daughter Darling was based. The group released an album, Sweet Shadows, in July of 2003. The album did well and continued to gain fans, but in 2005 Walker decided to go solo. She remarked to Hoooka, “I hope Travis and Steve continue to produce music, because they are both brilliant.” Walker released her first solo album, Urban Angel, in 2006. In Hoooka she called the album “the perfect mellow music at an intimate gathering.” In Billboard, Christa L. Titus praised Urban Angel: “This album drifts by like whispers and drugs you with a hypnotic undercurrent.” In Pop Matters, James Bassett wrote that the album was “a sexy and poignant album that deserved the heavy radio rotation it received.” Tracks from the album were used on television shows including “Entourage,” “Ugly Betty,” and “Grey’s Anatomy,” and a remix of her song “Quicksand” was used in Antoinette, a film by Sofia Coppola. Walker’s second album, With You, was described on her Web site as “a cool, elegant collection of ethereal songs with a warm beating heart.” In Pop Matters, James Bassett wrote that the two best tracks on the album were “With You” and “Over and Under,” because they featured Walker’s “gorgeous” and “tremendous” voice. However, he called the rest of the album “forgettable.” In Static, Caitlin McGuire wrote that Walker is not quite like Fiona Apple, or Emily Haines, or Goldfrapp, or Sarah McLauglin, but that “Natalie Walker is herself. And I doubt that Walker is ashamed of herself.” Walker told Hoooka, “I don’t want to look like someone that I’m not. I don’t want to glamorize my image. Yet I don’t want to give you the impression that I’m this conservative, religious girl either.” Summing up her musical goals, Walker wrote on her Web site, “I want to write songs that stick with people. It’s incredible to receive emails from people telling me that a certain song moved them or really connected to their life at the time they heard it. It’s why artists write. We want to feel like what we’re doing means something.”

Walker • 191

For the Record . . .

B

Sources Periodicals

orn Natalie Walker in Indiana. Education: At-

tended a Christian college.

Billboard, August 18, 2008, p. 47.

Online Sang with Daughter Darling; went solo and released Urban Angel, 2007; released With You, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Dorado Music, 245 Michigan Ave., Miami Beach, FL 33139.

Selected discography Urban Angel, Dorado Records, 2007. With You, Quango Fontana, 2008.

192 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“Be Sonic Interview with Natalie Walker,” Be Sonic, http:// www.besonic.com/News/g0r010t2o0i2086s1/article.htm (November 23, 2008). Natalie Walker Official Web Site, http://-www.natalie-walker. com/ (November 23, 2008). “Natalie Walker, Urban Angel,” Hoooka, http://www.indie911. com/index.php?cID=19704 (November 23, 2008). “Natalie Walker: Urban Angel,” Static, http://www.staticmulti media.com/music/reviews/review_1166301689 (November 23, 2008). “Natalie Walker: With You,” Pop Matters, August 2008, http:// www.popmatters.com/pm/review/Natalie-walker-with-you (November 23, 2008). —Kelly Winters

R

ock icons are often and easily trapped in the legend that they and the media create around them, but not in the case of Paul Weller. The singersongwriter jumped to the forefront of English alternative rock fame in the late 1970s via the Jam, which Vic Garbarini of Musician later dubbed “the British pop phenomenon of the early 80s.” Weller then effected an impressive escape from the demands and expectations of this first public persona, reinventing himself in the context of a very different and successful souloriented duo, the Style Council. With both bands, he scored a remarkable string of top ten singles and earned a reputation for a commitment to his music and his politics. He also later embarked on a solo career, pursuing a rigorous touring schedule and achieving commercial and critical success.

Paul Weller

Weller grew up in a working class home in the town of Woking in Surrey, England, where he was born on May 25, 1958. Without an environment that offered him any formal training, Weller was nonetheless drawn into music at an early age, inspired by the then-emerging rock that he heard around him. “The whole reason I started playing music when I was 12 or 13 was because of the Beatles,” he told Adam Sweeting of Melody Maker.

Singer, songwriter

The roots of Jam can be traced to around 1972, when Weller played sets with his school friend Steve Brookes at local working men’s clubs. By 1973 the duo had added Nigel Harris and Dave Waller. In 1975 and 1976 the lineup gradually shifted, and Weller was the only remaining original member; Brookes, Harris, and Waller left and were replaced by Rick Buckler and Bruce Foxton. This trio would constitute the Jam for the next six years.

ZAK HUSSEIN/PA Photos/Landov

By the end of 1976 the band had coalesced around Weller, who performed most of the lead guitar and vocals and wrote most of the songs. That year the trio headed for London, where they broke into the circuit of clubs that nurtured the punk scene. “The Jam’s first London gigs collided with the emergence of punk,” Paolo Hewitt wrote in Melody Maker, “and the group, sporting mohair suits, soon gained a following thanks to Weller’s fast, energetic songs.” Early in 1977, Jam secured a contract with Polydor Records. The group’s first recording, a single called In the City, just cracked the British top 40. It was an auspicious beginning. The debut album, also called In the City, claimed the number 20 position. By August a second single, “All Around the World,” rose to number 13. The album release preceded the band’s pair of first serious tours—the U.K. tour introduced the Jam to an already enthusiastic audience, while the U.S. tour, characteristic of the band’s relationship to American audiences, was not particularly successful. Back at home, the Jam was already solidly ensconced on the “mod revival” landscape. In December of 1977 the band’s second album, This Is the Modern World,

Weller • 193

For the Record . . .

B

orn May 25, 1958, in Woking, Surrey, England;

married Dee C. Lee, 1986 (divorced); children:

Leah, Nathaniel, Dylan, Jessamine, Stevie. Began playing sets with Steve Brookes as the Jam at working men’s clubs in England, early 1970s; Nigel Harris and Dave Waller joined group, 1973; Brookes, Harris, and Waller left group, c. 1975-76; Rick Buckler and Bruce Foxton joined Weller, c. 1976; group signed with Polydor Records, released debut album, In the City, 1977; founded Jamming magazine, 1981; founder and owner of Respond Records, 1981-86; the Jam dissolved, 1982; Weller formed duo Style Council with keyboardist Mick Talbot, 1983; released debut single, “Speak Like a Child,” Polydor, 1983; released U.S. debut, Introducing the Style Council, Polygram, 1983; released U.K. debut, Cafe Bleu, Polydor, 1984; formed and disbanded Paul Weller Movement, 1990; released debut solo album, Paul Weller, Go! Discs, 1992; since 1994 has released nine solo studio albums, five live albums, and three compilations of earlier work on different labels. Awards: Brit Award, British Male Solo Artist, 1995, 1996; Lifetime Achievement Award, 2006; Q Magazine, Outstanding Contribution to Music, 2005; Mojo Magazine, Outstanding Contribution to Music, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Yep Roc, P.O. Box 4821 Chapel Hill, NC 27515-4821, Web site: http://www. yeproc.com. Web site—Paul Weller Official Web site: http://www.paulweller.com.

almost made the top 20 and kicked off another successful English tour. The next few years witnessed a regular output from the trio, including their first world tour in 1979. Their chart hits included a long list of singles, among them “Down in the Tube Station at Midnight,” “Strange Towns,” and “The Eton Rifles” in 1978 and 1979. In 1980 their hit singles included “Going Underground” and “Start.” When “Going Underground” topped the charts upon its release, Hewitt described the event as “reminiscent of the Beatles at their height.” The Jam’s albums were making it into the British top five and were beginning to edge into the U.S. top 200.

194 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Weller’s public persona seemed to embody the Jam’s angry and nonconformist attitude; he rejected even the usual pretensions of rock star rebels. He commented to Garbarini that “rock culture’s a myth, it’s not part of reality. From a historical point of view, it’s always been a way to escape and live out your fantasies.” Weller’s politics also played a vital role in shaping his music. He held to an uncompromising anti-capitalist criticism of government. He was notorious for declaring his opinions to the press, but his convictions also showed through in his activities and in his song lyrics, which were as much about the struggles of the working class as about the romantic longings of classless teenagers. As the band’s reputation and production cycle became stable, Weller expanded into other venues. In 1981 he started a magazine called Jamming and founded his own label, Respond Records. A breakdown early in 1982 prompted him to swear off alcohol, which further increased his restlessness. Since his rebel stance was less about image than about politics, Weller soon became uncomfortable with the band’s relative security, and began altering Jam’s music to suit his own need to experiment and take risks. The 1982 release The Gift featured an infusion of some retro-soul into the alternative rock sound. During the summer of 1982 Weller decided to disband the Jam, despite their unmitigated success on the British alternative rock scene. The group announced the breakup in October of 1982, promising to complete one last tour before parting for good in 1983. Explaining that he wanted the group to “finish with dignity,” as quoted by Hewitt, Weller declared, “We have achieved all we can together as a group … both musically and commercially.” The Jam went out with a bang, their last performances accompanied by the reissue of all of the band’s singles and several albums. They were back on the U.K. charts. Weller acknowledged the sense of shock that Jam fans felt, noting to Hewitt that the band had “become such an institution, such an establishment.” Trying to explain his motivation in breaking up the band, Weller confessed to Hewitt that he “was frightened by the security of the Jam.” Furthermore, as Hewitt argued, Weller’s critics “fail to comprehend … the enormous faith Weller has in music as a positive force and his breaking up of the group is perhaps the finest example of this belief.” Although Weller had briefly toyed with the idea of pursuing a solo career, he formed the Style Council with keyboardist Mick Talbot only a year after Jam disbanded. Signed with Polydor, the duo became a vehicle for the soul-based sound that Weller had begun exploring in the Jam’s last years. Weller found a more amenable atmosphere for that work with Talbot, and the two began recording cuts with pronounced soul,

jazz, and R&B inflections. “I think the time is right for a new way of presenting music without the usual bull—,” Weller told Brian Harrigan of Melody Maker early in 1983. “I wanted Mick Talbot in my new group because I believe him to be the finest young jazz/soul organist in the country,” Weller explained in Melody Maker, “and also because he too shares a hatred of the rock myth and rock culture.” Although the sound had shifted, Weller stressed that his motives as a public figure remained largely the same. In particular, Style Council played regularly at charity venues, with proceeds generally going to working class causes. Weller also earmarked the profits for certain singles, including “The Money-Go-Round,” to benefit specific causes. The Style Council announced its political commitment with its first live performance at the May Day Show for Peace and Jobs, a music festival supporting leftist politics. The group also demonstrated their support for the Labour Party in 1986, taking part in the “Red Wedge” tour and hoping to spark political interest in young Brits. The Style Council’s first singles clearly demonstrated that Weller had not sacrificed commercial success in his search for a new sound: “Speak Like a Child,” the duo’s first single, went to number four on the British charts. Other chart hits included “The Money-GoRound” and “Solid Bond in Your Heart.” A first E.P., Paris (1983), rose to the number three spot, and 1984’s official debut album, Cafe Bleu, peaked at number two. “My Ever Changing Moods” emerged as one of the strongest cuts from the album, taking a solid number five spot on U.K. charts. The Style Council’s first U.S. release, Introducing the Style Council, escaped major interest, while the second U.S. album, My Ever Changing Moods (1984), broke the top 100 in 1984, rising to the number 56 spot. High Fidelity’s Steven Rea noted that Weller “has refined and, to some extent, redefined his style and music with his new combo,” but concluded that “whether it will win where the Jam did not—in America—remains to be seen.” While Weller’s new experiments went over well with English buyers, the American market was not especially receptive. After the release of My Ever Changing Moods, Gabarini placed Style Council within a broader movement to return to rock music roots. He mused that “being the singleminded, intense lad that he is, Weller has extended his search back beyond Motown to black pop’s real roots, gospel music.” The Style Council added more titles to their list of U.K. chart hits, including the album Our Favorite Shop (1985), which hit number one position on the British charts. In 1986 Weller closed down Respond Records.

He also married former singing partner Dee C. Lee, and their son Nathaniel was born two years later. The Style Council remained a productive band until 1990. They recorded several more albums and hit singles, although they didn’t perform live after 1988. By 1990, however, Weller had decided on another change in his music career: he dissolved Style Council at the beginning of the year, and by the fall had announced the formation of the Paul Weller Movement. The band proved to be only a brief experiment and had no releases. Following that tepid effort, Weller receded from public life and the music business. In an interview with Gary Graff of the Detroit Free Press, Weller described those intervening years. “There was a lot of change for me at that time. I was turning 30, and that freaked me out. … So I definitely had a couple of years of being quiet, just kind of finding myself … [and] what I wanted to do in the future. I started thinking about whether I wanted to continue doing music.” When his first solo album, Paul Weller, hit the market in 1992, the artist encountered the first flop in a 16-year career. Not only did many reviewers pan the album, but some even perceived Weller as letting go of the principles that had set him apart earlier in his career. “I can’t find Weller here,” declared Steve Sutherland of Melody Maker, adding, “Weller, who once gnashed and growled and writhed against the system like a mad dog in a muzzle, is now making music out of habit, just for the sake of it.” Ultimately, Sutherland felt that the album was “utterly bereft of virtue.” Spin, however, summarized the very different critical reception that greeted Weller’s second solo effort, Wild Wood (1994). The magazine announced that “the breadth of material on Wild Wood puts Weller back at the top of his game.” Rolling Stone’s Tom Sinclair declared in a review, “There is not a song on the album that won’t have you shaking your head in wonderment.” The 1990s were a prolific time in Weller’s solo career. The 1995 album Stanley Road—named after the street he grew up on—was a return to his musical beginnings. Marking a comeback to the more guitar-based sound of his earlier days, this album took Weller back to the top of the British charts and went on to become the bestselling album of his career. The album scored four singles that placed in the top 20 on the charts. Its follow-up, Heavy Soul, also reached number two on U.K. album charts the next year. After Weller’s two back-to-back chart successes, the annual Brit Awards honored him with the Best British Male Solo Artist for two consecutive years. Between 2000 and 2004, Weller released two more studio albums, Heliocentric and Illumination. The latter garnered him a number one album. Between these albums he also released a second live album, Days of Speed, which contained live acoustic versions from his

Weller • 195

world tour. It included some of his best-known solo songs and revisited of some of his past hits with Jam and Style Council. In late 2004 Weller released an album of covers titled Studio 150. Featuring Bob Dylan and Neil Young songs, it debuted at number two on the U.K. charts. Weller’s seventh solo album, As Is Now, had three hit singles in 2005. After an inauspicious start to his solo career, he was now a proven artist known for his past and current musical careers. Q Magazine gave him their “Outstanding Contribution to Music” award that year. Weller’s unstoppable output of new releases and old collections continued with the 2006 releases of a double live album titled Catch-Flame! and the retrospective compilation Hit Parade, which featured songs from both his solo work and his career with Jam and Style Council. Approaching the thirtieth anniversary of his music career, he received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the Brit Awards in 2006. “After ‘As Is Now’ I thought the time was right to make the sort of record I wanted to make,” Weller said of his ninth solo effort, the double album 22 Dreams. “Instead of worrying about everyone else, I wanted to really push the boat out. I think the result is going to surprise a few people.” The new album featured several guest stars, including Oasis’s Noel Gallagher and folk guitarist John McCrusker. It was released in 2008 along with two live sets—the two-disc Live at the Royal Albert Hall and the Live at the BBC collection. His song “Brand New Start” was used in a Versus TV “Take Back the Tour” commercial that promoted its coverage of the 2008 Tour de France. A tour of the U.K. followed with his new band, featuring guitarist Steve Cradock, bassist Andy Lewis, keyboardist Andy Crofts of The Moons/ The On Offs, and drummer Steve Pilgrim of The Stands. The year 2008 commenced with Weller receiving an “Outstanding Contribution to Music” award from Mojo magazine and a cover story in Uncut, another musiccentered publication. Weller celebrated his milestone fiftieth birthday, looking back at the 30 years he had spent making music and his three separate successful music careers, and looking forward to what is yet to come. With a musical lifespan such as this, there is no doubt that he will continue his musical legacy for many more years.

Selected discography Singles, with the Jam; on Polydor “In the City,” 1977. “All Around the World,” 1977. “The Modern World,” 1977.

196 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

“Down in the Tube Station at Midnight,” 1978. “Strange Towns,” 1979. “Eton Rifles,” 1979. “Going Underground,” 1980. “Start,” 1980.

Singles, with the Style Council; on Polydor “Speak Like a Child,” 1983. “The Money-Go-Round,” 1983. “My Ever Changing Moods,” 1984. “You’re the Best Thing,” 1984. “Shout to the Top,” 1984. “Walls Come Tumbling Down,” 1985. “Solid Bond in Your Heart.”

Albums; with the Jam; on Polydor In the City, 1977. This Is the Modern World, 1977. All Mod Cons, 1978. Setting Sons, 1980. Sound Affects, 1980. The Gift, 1982. Dig the New Breed,1982. Snap!, 1983. Live Jam, 1994.

Albums; with the Style Council Paris (EP), Polydor, 1983. Introducing the Style Council, Polygram, 1983. Cafe Bleu, Polydor, 1984. My Ever Changing Moods, Geffen, 1984. Our Favorite Shop, Polydor, 1985. Internationalists, Geffen, 1985. Home and Abroad, Polydor, 1986. The Cost of Loving, Polydor, 1987. Confessions of a Pop Group, Polydor, 1988. Singular Adventures of the Style Council, Polydor, 1989.

Solo albums Paul Weller, Go! Discs, 1992. Wild Wood, Go! Discs, 1994. Live Wood, Yep Roc, 1994. Stanley Road, Polygram, 1995. Heavy Soul, Ume Import, 1997. Modern Classics, Island, 1998. Heliocentric, Ume Imports, 2000. Days of Speed, Sony, 2001. Illumination, Yep Roc, 2002. Fly on the Wall, Ume Imports, 2003. Studio 150, V2 Records, 2004. As Is Now, Yep Roc, 2005. Stanley Road 10th Anniversary Edition, Yep Roc, 2005. Catch-Flame!, Yep Roc, 2006. Hit Parade, Yep Roc, 2006. Wild Wood (Deluxe edition), Yep Roc, 2007. Into Tomorrow, Universal U.K., 2007. 22 Dreams, Yep Roc, 2008. Live at the Royal Albert Hall, Wea, 2008. Weller at the BBC, Universal, 2008.

Sources Books Rees, Dafydd, and Luke Crampton, editors, Rock Movers and Shakers, Billboard Books, 1991.

Periodicals Detroit Free Press, November 13, 1992. High Fidelity, January 1994. Melody Maker, March 13, 1982; October 30, 1982; November 6, 1982; February 19, 1983; August 13, 1983; March 24, 1984; February 23, 1985; July 20, 1985; November 17, 1990. Modern Drummer, July 1993. Mojo, June 2008. Musician, April 1984; October 1992. People, January 18, 1993.

Q, December 2005. Rolling Stone, November 26, 1992; October 20, 1994. Spin, October 1992; April 1994. Uncut, December 2008.

Online “Paul Weller,” Amazon.com, http://www.amazon.com/PaulWeller/e/B000AQ2HF0 (November 19, 2008). “Paul Weller,” IMDb.com, http://www.imdb.com/name/nm09 19883/ (November 19, 2008). PaulWeller Official Web site, http://www.PaulWeller.com (November 19, 2008). Additional information for this profile was obtained from Go! Discs publicity materials. —Paul E. Anderson and Sue Summers

Weller • 197

A

fter working in the music industry as a promoter and songwriter for a number of years, country music singer Lee Ann Womack released a debut album of her own in 1997. With half a million records sold in the first year, Womack was soon ranked as a solid hit-maker, with numerous albums and several hit singles to her credit, along with an impressive cache of awards from major music associations. She amassed a battery of attentive fans who were attracted by her fresh talent. Critics hailed her forthright and traditional approach to country music. The younger generation of country musicians identified with her uncluttered singing style and her capable guitar playing. Womack’s twangy vocals further imbued her recordings with a sense of nostalgia, reminiscent of great country music crooners, and her songwriting efforts brought her into collaborations with some of the classic country artists of the late twentieth century.

Lee Ann Womack

Womack was born on August 19, 1966, in Jacksonville, Texas. She was the second of two daughters of Ann and Aubrey Womack. Her mother was a schoolteacher; her father was a full-time high school principal and a part-time disc jockey. As a young child, Womack’s love of music was apparent. She studied piano and enjoyed her many trips to the radio station with her father. Womack harbored a steadfast dream of going to Nashville. She might have grown discontented with life in her small Texas town, but instead she was attracted to the local celebrity status of her father in his radio career at KEBE-AM Jacksonville, and she resolved to emulate his success in her own way by joining the ranks of country musicians whose voices drifted across the radio waves all day long.

Singer, songwriter

Signed with Decca

Frank Micelotta/Getty Images

After graduation from Jacksonville High School in 1984, Womack enrolled in a country music curriculum at South Plains Junior College in Levelland, Texas. As a college student she toured as a vocalist with the school band, County Caravan, yet by the end of her first year at South Plains, overpowered by her own eagerness, she quit the junior college. At 18 years of age and determined to head for Nashville, she made a compromise with her parents and enrolled at Tennessee’s Belmont University (then Belmont College) in Nashville for the following school year, where she studied commercial aspects of the music business.

198 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Womack entered Belmont as a sophomore and was beside herself with enthusiasm at being in Nashville. She wasted little time in securing a student internship in the A&R department at MCA Records, a job geared to upper classmen, but one that she secured through unflappable persistence. Although she continued her studies until 1990, she left school shortly before earning a degree and married her college sweetheart, musician Jason Sellers. As a newlywed, Womack worked as a waitress, and at a day care center following the

For the Record . . .

B

orn on August 19, 1966, in Jacksonville, TX;

daughter of Aubrey and Ann Womack; married

Jason Sellers, 1990; divorced, 1997; married Frank Liddell, 1999; children: Aubrie Lee (with Sellers), Anna Lise (with Liddell). Education: South Plains Junior College, Levelland, TX, 1984; attended Belmont College (now Belmont University), 1985-90. Student intern with MCA Records, late 1980s; songwriter, Sony/ATV Tree Publishing, 1995-96; signed

birth of her first child. Overall, though, Womack remained focused on her career. In 1995 she signed with Sony/ATV Tree Publishing as a songwriter. There she co-wrote songs both for and with some of the prominent personalities in country music. She collaborated with Whisperin’ Bill Anderson on occasion, and Ricky Skaggs picked up one of her songs, “I Don’t Remember Forgetting,” for inclusion on an album. Ultimately it was the breakup of her young marriage that left Womack as a single mother in the mid 1990s and spurred her to pursue her aspirations in earnest. She secured a simple acoustic audition for MCA Nashville chairman Bruce Hinton, and soon afterward she accepted a contract offer from Decca Records.

with Decca Records, 1996; released debut album, Lee Ann Womack, 1997; Some Things I Know, 1998;

An Award-Studded Career

signed with MCA Nashville, 1999; released I Hope You

Early in 1997, Womack appeared live in her debut, in which she was introduced by her father via videotape at the Country Radio Seminar in Nashville. The introduction by her own father left Womack emotionally charged for her performance at the seminar, whose attendees numbered approximately 2,500 industry members, many of whom were disc jockeys. Thus, by the release of her debut album on Decca the following May, her advance single, “Never Again, Again,” had already made playlists and charts. Advance play of a subsequent single, “The Fool,” generated more anticipation mere weeks before the ultimate release of the self-titled album.

Dance, 2000; Something Worth Leaving Behind and The Season of Romance, 2002; There’s More Where That Came From, 2005; Call Me Crazy, 2008. Awards: Academy of Country Music, Best New Female Vocalist, 1997; American Music Association Award, Favorite New Country Artist, 1998; Country Music Association Awards, Single of the Year, Song of the Year, for “I Hope You Dance,” 2000; Academy of Country Music Awards, Top Single of the Year, Top Song of the Year, for “I Hope You Dance,” Top Vocal Event of the Year, for “I Hope You Dance,” performed with Sons of the Desert, 2000; Grammy Award, Best Country Song, for “I Hope You Dance,” 2001; Country Music Association Award, Female Vocalist of the Year, 2001; Academy of Country Music Award, Top Vocal Event of the Year, for “Mendocino County Line,” 2002; Country Music Association Award, Vocal Event of the Year, for “Mendocino County Line,” 2002; Grammy Award, Best Country Collaboration with Vocals (with Willie Nelson), for “Mendocino County Line,” 2003; Country Music Association Awards, Single of the Year, for “I May Hate Myself in the Morning,” Album of the Year, for There’s More Where

The traditional country-style inflection of Womack’s singing struck a chord with country music lovers and earned her the title of Best New Female Vocalist of 1997 from the Academy of Country Music (ACM). She was nominated as the Horizon Breaking Artist at the Country Music Awards (CMA), and Billboard named her the top new artist that year. Womack’s debut album produced a bevy of hit singles, and “The Fool” secured a number one spot on the charts. David Hajdu cited her debut album among the top three country albums of 1997 in Entertainment Weekly. The following year Womack secured the title of Favorite New Country Artist at the American Music Awards and released a follow-up album, Some Things I Know. Sales of her earlier album meanwhile topped 500,000 units that year.

That Came From, Best Musical Event (with George Strait), for “Good News, Bad News,” 2005. Addresses: Record company—MCA Nashville, c/o Universal Music Group Nashville, 60 Music Square East, Nashville, TN 37203. Web site—Lee Ann Womack Official Web site: http://www.leeannwomack.com.

When Decca Records shut down in 1999, Womack migrated to the MCA Nashville label. Her third album was released on the new label in 2000 and met with instant success. The recording, I Hope You Dance, made its debut at number one on the Billboard country music chart. I Hope You Dance and its popular title track earned Womack an impressive six CMA award nominations that year; she won two of them: Single of the Year and Song of the Year. Soon afterward, early in 2001, the announcement was made that I Hope You Dance had earned six additional award nominations

Womack • 199

from the ACM, including Best Album, Best Single, and Best Song for the title track by Mark D. Sanders and Tia Sillers, and Best Video, also for the title track. Additionally, “I Hope You Dance” received a nomination for Best Vocal Event for the title track performance with Sons of the Desert. Womack received a sixth nomination for Best Female Vocalist. According to Time, Womack’s professional tenacity had earned her the status of a permanent fixture in country music. In 2000 People’s Ralph Novak called her an “erstwhile Texas firebrand” and declared I Hope You Dance as Womack’s best effort to date. Hinton called the record “a career record,” according to Deborah Price and Chuck Taylor in Billboard. Jamie Schilling Fields noted in Texas that Womack “works a sob” with her “cake-sweet soprano,” and commented candidly that “her songs are great.” Although Womack admitted that much of her music presented an underlying theme relating to so-called cheating hearts, she voiced disapproval at such a lifestyle and earned a reputation for moralizing to her band and entourage about marital fidelity. Committed to Country In 2002 Womack released her fourth album, Something Worth Leaving Behind. Hoping to straddle the line between country and pop music, the album failed to really appeal to either audience. She followed up it up with a Christmas album that included a duet with crooner Harry Connick, Jr. Season for Romance was a compilation of big band-era and standard Christmas tunes which had fans pining for her country music days. She did find success in a duet with country legend Willie Nelson on the song “Mendocino County Line.” The song earned her a Grammy Award in 2003 for best country collaboration with vocals. Realizing that the crossover into pop had fizzled for her, Womack focused on country for her fifth album, There’s More Where That Came From. The album’s single, “I May Hate Myself in the Morning,” made it to the Country top ten and won a CMA award for single of the year. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America and earned the CMA award for album of the year. Rafer Guzman of Newsday wrote that the album “is a return to traditional country music, the kind that’s simple, direct and woeful. … its true value is as a nugget of integrity in an increasingly diluted genre.” After the release of There’s More Where That Came From, Womack briefly switched labels from MCA Nashville to Mercury Nashville. Her relationship with Mercury Nashville was strained, and the album she produced, Finding My Way Back Home, was never released. In 2007 she returned to MCA Nashville and released the album Call Me Crazy the following year. With a voice that recalls country music stars like Dolly

200 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Parton and Tammy Wynette and songwriting skills to match, Womack is determined to be a part of country music for the long haul. She told Larry King in an interview on Larry King Live, “What really impressed me about Buck [Owens] and Cindy [Walker] both was that they still were writing and very involved in the music industry. Right up until the day they died. And if I’m lucky, I’ll be able to keep working and keep my passion for country music like they did, right up until the end.”

Selected discography Singles “Never Again, Again,” Decca, 1997. “The Fool,” Decca, 1997. “A Little Past Little Rock,” Decca, 1998. “I Hope You Dance,” MCA Nashville, 2001.

Albums Lee Ann Womack, Decca, 1997. Some Things I Know, Decca, 1998. I Hope You Dance, MCA Nashville, 2000. Something Worth Leaving Behind, MCA Nashville, 2002. The Season of Romance, MCA Nashville, 2002. There’s More Where That Came From, MCA Nashville, 2005. Call Me Crazy, MCA Nashville, 2008.

As songwriter “If You’re Ever Down in Dallas” (with Jason Sellers), Sony/ ATV Tree Publishing, 1998. “The Man Who Made My Mama Cry” (with Billy Lawson and Dale Dodson), Sony/ATV Tree Publishing, 1998.

Sources Books World Almanac & Book of Facts, 2000, World Almanac Education Group, Inc.

Periodicals Billboard, April 5, 1997, p. 1; August 23, 1997, p. 100; August 22, 1998, p. 25; May 31, 2000, p. 5; July 1, 2000, p. 68; March 10, 2001, p. 6. Entertainment Weekly, January 2, 1998, p. 162. Newsday (Melville, NY), June 20, 2006. People, June 19, 2000, p. 45; July 31, 2000, p. 129. Texas, October 1998, p. 80; October 2000, p. 24. Time, August 14, 2000, p. 80.

Online “Lee Ann News and Facts,” Country.tzo.com, http://www. country.tzo.com/public/law_news.htm (April 10, 2001).

“Lee Ann Womack: I Hope You Dance,” MCA Nashville, http://mca-nashville.com/leeannwomack/bio.htm (April 9, 2001). Additional information for this profile was obtained from an appearance on “Country Music Superstars,” Larry King Live, CNN, March 28, 2006. —Gloria Cooksey and Eve Hermann

Womack • 201

R

emembered mostly as a founding member of the psychedelic and progressive rock music juggernaut Pink Floyd, Rick Wright provided keyboards, distinctive vocals, and songwriting to the group until he was forced to leave the band’s most commercially successful lineup in the early 1980s. The person responsible for Wright’s abdication from the group was Roger Waters, the band’s bass player, principal songwriter, and de facto leader following the mental breakdown of Pink Floyd’s first leader, Syd Barrett, in the late 1960s. Wright subsequently joined a Water-less lineup of Pink Floyd, which was led by guitarist David Gilmour in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In this latter period, Floyd produced two studio and two live albums. Wright also produced two solo albums, Wet Dream in 1978 and Broken China in 1996. While critical and public reception of these efforts was dismissive, both albums lent credence to claims that Wright was one of the key architects of the patented Pink Floyd sound, mixing layered, trippy keyboards, elements of funk, electronic, experimental and jazz music, and breathy, otherworldly vocals.

Rick Wright

Wright was born in Middlesex, England, in 1943. His father, Cedric Wright, was a biochemist, and his mother, Bridie, kept house for her son and two daughters. Wright learned trumpet, piano, and trombone as a young schoolboy, and taught himself guitar while recuperating from a broken leg suffered at the age of ten. As a teenager, Wright immersed himself in jazz music, attending concerts by such artists as Humphrey Lyttelton, Kenny Ball, and Duke Ellington. Wright claimed that the only concert he waited in line to see was an Ellington concert when the future Floyd keyboardist was 17.

Jo Hale/Getty Images

Keyboardist, composer, singer

202 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

In 1962 Wright was enrolled in Regent Street Polytechnic to study architecture, where he met fellow students Nick Mason and Roger Waters. In 1963 Wright, Mason, and Waters formed Sigma 6. In 1964 Sigma 6 morphed into another group that alternately called itself the Abdabs and the Screaming Abdabs. At the end of 1964, Wright married Juliette Gale, dropped out of school, and traveled to Greece. Mason and Waters carried on with keyboardist and concert lighting pioneer Mike Leonard until Wright’s return the next year. Reunited, the trio enlisted guitarist Bob Klose and singer Chris Dennis. When Dennis left to fulfill commitments with the Royal Air Force, the group replaced him with a close Cambridge friend of Klose, Roger Keith “Syd” Barrett. The new guitarist, singer, and songwriter brought the band, now calling itself the Tea Set, to a new level of creativity. Also during this time, Wright composed a song that was published and recorded by a trio calling itself Adam, Mike & Tim. Klose left the Tea Set in 1965, and the remaining quartet soldiered on with a new name, Pink Floyd, and a fresh sound that derived from Barrett’s seemingly endless creativity. The group became darlings of the LSD-fueled London underground, playing wild sets at

For the Record . . .

B

orn Richard William Wright in Pinner, Middlesex,

England; died on September 15, 2008; son of

Cedric (a biochemist) and Bridie Wright; married Juliette Gale (divorced); married again twice; three children: Benjamin, Gala, Jamie. Education: Attended Haberdashers’ Aske’s Boys’ school; attended Regent Street Polytechnic College. Keyboardist for Sigma 6, Adbabs (sometimes Screaming Abdabs), and the Tea Set, 1964-65, all featuring nascent lineups for future Pink Floyd; member of Pink Floyd, 1965-81; recorded first solo album, Wet Dream, 1978; member of duo Zee with Dave Harris, 1983-84; rejoined Pink Floyd with David Gilmour and Nick Mason, 1986;

the group recorded The Wall, the relationship between Wright and Waters had soured irreparably, and Wright resigned his tenure. According to some accounts, Wright’s reluctance to leave his home on the Greek island of Rhodes to work with the band was another sore spot. “Roger and I just couldn’t get on,” Wright explained to Musician writer Nicholas Schaffner in 1988. According to Wright, Waters said he would not complete The Wall unless Wright agreed to leave after the project was completed. While he was still officially a former member of Pink Floyd, Wright was hired to play keyboards on the band’s subsequent tour for The Wall. The enormous cost of transporting a specially made stage, lighting equipment, and sound board in more than 50 semitrucks lost the band considerable money. Because he no longer had a financial stake in the band, Wright was the only musician to finish the tour having made money.

released second solo effort, Broken China, 1996; reunited with all three members of post-Syd Barrett Pink Floyd for an appearance at Live 8, 2005.

the UFO Club and other venues. A series of successful singles and a debut album placed the group at the forefront of swinging London’s music scene. By 1968, however, Barrett’s sanity had begun to unravel, and the group replaced him with guitarist David Gilmour. Without the leadership of Barrett, however, the group floundered creatively until bassist Waters assumed creative control of the band by becoming its chief songwriter. He was perhaps also the band’s weakest link as a musician, reluctant to rehearse but conversely driven to realize his vision for the group’s future. By 1973 Pink Floyd had developed into a hugely successful international act, beloved by high tech audiophiles, stoners, dorm-room philosophers, and airguitar heroes alike. The incredible success of the band’s 1973 opus on life, death, and insanity, Dark Side of the Moon, catapulted them to commercial and critical heights that, ironically, also led to strife within the band and to its demise. Self-acknowledged laziness on the parts of Gilmour and Wright (Mason seldom wrote) paved the way for Waters to assume total creative control. The group struggled to match the artistic success of Dark Side of the Moon, and came up with Wish You Were Here, a minor masterpiece in its own right, but hardly the groundbreaking achievement of its predecessor. The members of the group chafed under Waters’s increasing demands on Animals, on which Mason, Gilmour, and Wright served mainly as studio musicians in the service of their bass player’s vision. By the time

Some journalists believe that Wright squandered much of his Pink Floyd earnings on a cocaine habit, and that he was nearly bankrupt when Gilmour reinvigorated the band in the late 1980s without Waters. Mason had already enlisted in the project, while Wright’s entry came later. The enormous success of the album A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) and its successors returned Wright and his bandmates to superstardom. When Gilmour decided to put Pink Floyd out to pasture after touring for the album The Division Bell, he recruited Wright to perform on his solo effort On an Island and his live shows to support its release. In 2005, Live Aid organizer Sir Bob Geldof convinced Waters, Gilmour, Wright, and Mason to reunite for Live 8, a charity concert broadcast worldwide. By all accounts, the briefly reunited Pink Floyd was amiable and performed a rousing set before once again returning to their private lives and careers. Wright recorded two solo efforts. The first, Wet Dream (1978), was produced during the band’s post-Animals hiatus, and featured guitarist Snowy White and saxophonist Mel Collins. While most critics were less than kind in their assessment of the album, it did feature a distinct Pink Floyd flavor, with Wright’s patented keyboard and vocal style, familiar Hipgnosis-designed album artwork, and introspective lyrics. It was to be another 18 years before Wright would release another album, the 1996 effort Broken China. The album’s theme was mental illness, focusing on depression in particular. Irish singer Sinead O’Connor sang lead vocals on two of the album’s tracks, to good effect. Following the release of Broken China, Wright returned to relative obscurity, re-emerging only for the Live 8 appearance with his former bandmates and the 2006

Wright • 203

tour as a member of David Gilmour’s band. He died of cancer, Sept. 15, 2008.

Solo albums Wet Dream, Columbia, 1978. Broken China, Columbia, 1996.

Selected discography

with Zee

With Pink Floyd

Identity, Harvest, 1984.

Saucerful of Secrets, Columbia, 1968. More, Columbia, 1969. Ummagumma, Columbia, 1969. Atom Heart Mother, Columbia, 1970. Meddle, Columbia, 1971. Obscured by Clouds, Columbia, 1972. Dark Side of the Moon, Columbia, 1973. Wish You Were Here, Columbia, 1975. Animals, Columbia, 1977. The Wall, Columbia, 1979. A Momentary Lapse of Reason, Columbia, 1987. Delicate Sound of Thunder, Columbia, 1988. The Division Bell, Columbia, 1994. Pulse, Columbia, 1995.

Sources Books Manning, Toby, The Rough Guide to Pink Floyd, Rough Guides, Ltd., London, 2006. Schaffner, Nicholas,Saucerful of Secrets: The Pink Floyd Odyssey,Delta Book, New York, 1991.

Periodicals Musician, August 1988. New York Times, September 16, 2008. —Bruce Edward Walker

204 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Miguel Zenón Saxophonist, composer

P

uerto Rican-born saxophonist Miguel Zenón plays music influenced by the rhythms and forms of the island where he grew up. Mixtures of jazz and Latin American roots music have a long history, but Zenón has taken them in a new direction. He has tried to avoid stereotypes of Latin jazz music and musicians. “Fusion’s not a dirty word to me,” he told Bob Young of the Boston Herald. “But ‘Latin jazz’ is. I’d rather not be labeled that.” In 2008 the originality of Zenón’s music was recognized with a MacArthur Foundation fellowship, popularly known as a “genius grant.”

jazz by musicians like saxophonist John Coltrane. And he played popular dance music so that he could continue his musical studies. “In Puerto Rico I played in all kinds of bands that played salsa and merengue,” he told Ed Morales of Newsday. “That’s how I saved the money to come to the U.S. We used to play El Gran Combo tunes. Half the band was my friends—we were around 15—and the other half was my friend’s father and his friends from the hospital where he worked. They were all, like, 50.” Zenón briefly considered a career as an engineer, but he put the money he earned from dance gigs together with a scholarship from the Puerto Rico Heineken Jazz Festival and was able to enroll at the Berklee School of Music in Boston. Switching from classical to jazz and with funds short, Zenón struggled at first, but he experienced the school’s diverse musical environment as a jolt of energy. Soon he was excelling academically, winning the Berklee Best Scholarship Award and several other monetary prizes. Zenón ventured off campus into Boston’s competitive jazz scene and gained professional experience with the rock-influenced Either/ Orchestra big band. Graduating from Berklee in 1998, Zenón won a scholarship at the top-flight Manhattan School of Music in New York City. He has been based in New York since that time. Zenón earned a master’s degree in saxophone performance in 2001, performing in a wide variety of bands and small jazz combos. He didn’t wait long to begin his career as a group leader, releasing his debut album, Looking Forward, on the Fresh Sounds New Talent label in 2002. The album, fusing Latin, jazz, and classical influences, won top-ten-of-the-year honors from both the New York Times and TomaJazz.

Zenón was born in 1976 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. His mother, Nancy, was a single parent, and his sister and aunt helped raise him. Zenón grew up in Santurce, a tough but musically rich district of the capital that had originally been settled by freed African slaves. His first musical experiences came in a school choir, where a friend directed him toward a local music teacher named Ernesto Vigoreaux. His first lessons were in classical music, and mostly on piano. But Vigoreaux gave him a saxophone so that he would be able to find a place in a local marching band, and when Zenón was accepted at San Juan’s Escuela Libre de Música and had to pick a second instrument other than piano, he started to work seriously on the sax.

Zenón quickly gained attention beyond the New York club scene. He went on tour around the United States and Europe as leader of his own quartet, and in 2003 he performed in Africa under the auspices of the U.S. State Department’s Jazz Ambassadors program. That year he began an ongoing job as a saxophone instructor at New York’s New School, and he has held visiting instructorships at other institutions, including the University of Manitoba and Le Moyne College. He became one of the first players signed to the Marsalis Music label founded by star saxophonist Branford Marsalis, and his sophomore album, Ceremonial, appeared on that label in 2004. The year 2004 also marked the beginning of his participation in the SF Jazz Collective, a rotating San Francisco jazz octet with performance and educational aspects.

The school’s curriculum focused on the classics, but Zenón had plenty of opportunities to hear and perform other music. There were Puerto Rican street musicians, playing the percussion music called plena, or singers of música jibara, the often ballad-like music of rural Puerto Rico. Zenón heard and liked contemporary

The following year, Zenón released his Jibaro album, originally commissioned by the New York State Council for the Arts. The album clearly demonstrated how different Zenón was from other Latin American jazz musicians, even as he stayed in close touch with his Puerto Rican roots. The music had a folklore flavor,

Zenón • 205

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1976 in San Juan, PR; grew up in Santurce

neighborhood. Education: Berklee School of Mu-

sic, Boston, MA, graduated 1998; Manhattan School of Music, New York, NY, master’s degree in saxophone performance, 2001. Released debut album, Looking Forward, 2002; toured Africa under auspices of Jazz Ambassadors program, 2003; saxophone instructor, New School, 2003– signed to Marsalis Music label; released Ceremonial, cofounded SFJAZZ collective, 2004; released Jibaro, 2005; released Awake, conducted research in Puerto

With the award and a Guggenheim fellowship in hand, Zenón headed back to Puerto Rico. His plan was to investigate the plena tradition and issue an album based on what he found, and also perhaps to use some of the MacArthur grant money on a series of free concerts. Zenón’s 2008 album Awake continued to broaden his musical horizons, drawing on AfroCaribbean bomba rhythms but also incorporating such influences as Spanish flamenco guitar music, free jazz, jazz-rock fusion, Gregorian chant that Zenón heard while flipping through television channels, and the multilayered narrative of the James Joyce novel Ulysses. “My musical preoccupation has always revolved around not getting ‘stuck,’ not doing the same thing … again and again,” Zenón told Tomas Peña of Jazz.com. Still young for a jazz star, Zenón is already widely recognized as a true original.

Rico, 2008. Awards: MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, Guggenheim Fellowship, 2008; Downbeat critics’ poll, Alto Saxophonist Deserving Wider Recognition, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008; Jazz Times, Best New Artist of the Year, 2006. Addresses: Record company—Marsalis Music, 323 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02139. Web site—Miguel

Selected discography As leader Looking Forward, Fresh Sounds New Talent, 2002. Ceremonial, Marsalis Music, 2004. Jibaro, Marsalis Music, 2005. Awake, Marsalis Music, 2008.

As sideman

Zenon Official Web site: http://www.miguelzenon.com. David Sanchez, Melaza, Columbia, 2001. Mingus Big Band, I Am Three, 2003. SF Jazz Collective, Nonesuch, 2005.

drawing on the string sounds of música jibara, and was sophisticated in its structure: Zenón made use of numerical relationships in Puerto Rican music, such as the ten-syllable line of the décima ballad form or the proportions of various Puerto Rican drum patterns. Although Zenón’s mathematical training ended in high school, many writers, as well as the musician himself on occasion, noted mathematical and geometric structures in his music. Jibaro won a wide variety of best-recording-of-the-year nods from newspapers, magazines, and Web sites, in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2008. Zenón topped the critics’ poll in the prestigious jazz magazine Downbeat in the Alto Saxophonist Deserving Wider Recognition category. He got that recognition in 2008 when he received the MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, a nostrings-attached $500,000 award, payable over five years and designed to support individuals of exceptional originality, dedication, and self-direction. “This young musician and composer is at once reestablishing the artistic, cultural, and social tradition of jazz while creating an entirely new jazz language for the 21st century,” noted the Foundation when making the award.

206 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sources Periodicals Boston Herald, May 15, 2004, p. 26. Newsday, April 28, 2008. New York Times, August 19, 2000, p. B11; December 4, 2008, p. C8.

Online “About the SF Jazz Collective,” SF Jazz Collective (San Francisco), http://www.sfjazz.org/SFJAZZCollective/2008/ index.asp (November 29, 2008). “Biography,” Miguez Zenón Official Web site, http://www. miguelzenon.com (November 29, 2008). “In Conversation with Miguel Zenón,” Jazz.com, http://www. jazz.com/features-and-interviews/2008/3/25/inconversation-with-miguel-zenn (November 29, 2008). “2008 MacArthur Fellows: Miguel Zenón,” MacArthur Foundation, http://www.macfound.org/site/c.lkLXJ8MQKrH/b. 4537297 (November 29, 2008). —James M. Manheim

Cumulative Subject Index Volume numbers appear in bold

A cappella Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Cole, Jim 54 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Fairfield Four 49 Golden Gate Quartet 25 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Moxy Früvous 45 Nylons, The 6 Persuasions, The 47 Rockapella 34 Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Accordion Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Conjunto Bernal 63 Galliano, Richard 58 Jocque, Beau 51 Jordan, Esteban 49 Oliveros, Pauline 47 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9 Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Simien, Terrance 12

Atkins, Juan 52 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Boards of Canada 44 Carlos, Wendy 46 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cibelle 59 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Clark, Anne 32 Colleen 63 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Crystal Method, The 35 Deep Forest 18 Dimitri from Paris 43 Dirty Vegas 48 DJ Spooky 51 808 State 31 Esthero 58 Frankie J. 58 Front Line Assembly 20 Future Sound of London 41 Goldfrapp 59 Gus Gus 26 Hawtin, Richie 45 Holmes, David 31 KMFDM 18 Kraftwerk 9 Lamb 38 Lavelle, Caroline 35

Sheep on Drugs 27 Slater, Luke 38 Tall Paul 36 Tobin, Amon 32 2 Unlimited 18 Underworld 26 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Zero 7 49

Bandoneon Piazzolla, Astor 18 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Troilo, Aníbal 58

Banjo

Neu! 32

Boggs, Dock 25 Bromberg, David 18 Brown, Alison 44 Clark, Roy 1 Crowe, J.D. 5 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lang, Eddie 60 McCoury, Del 15 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Scruggs, Earl 3 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Nightmares on Wax 51

Bass

Oakenfold, Paul 32

Lords of Acid 20 Man or Astroman? 21 May, Derrick 51 Mouse On Mars 32 Múm 50

Fell, Simon H. 32 Fender, Leo 10 Friesen, David 41 Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Holland, Dave 27 Johnson, Marc 58 Kaye, Carol 22 King, Chris Thomas 43 Kowald, Peter 32 Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Laswell, Bill 14 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Love, Laura 20 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 McBride, Christian 17 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The Meyer, Edgar 40 Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM 38 Mingus, Charles 9 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Parker, William 31 Peacock, Gary 48 Silva, Alan 45 Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Sweet, Matthew 9 13th Floor Elevators 47 Tisdale, Wayman 61 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22 Weber, Eberhard 41 Wells, Bill 34 Whitaker, Rodney 20

Propellerheads 26

Brown, Ray 21 Carter, Ron 14 Chambers, Paul 18 Clarke, Stanley 3

Ambient/Rave/Techno

Röyksopp 57

Cohen, Avishai 42

Allien, Ellen 55

Russell, Arthur 50 Sasha 39

Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Big Band/Swing

Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Shadow, DJ 19

Dixon, Willie 10

Anthony, Ray 60

Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Orb, The 18 Phoenix 59

207

Andrews Sisters, The 9

208 • Cumulative Subject Index

Arnaz, Desi 8 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atomic Fireballs, The 27 Bailey, Pearl 5 Basie, Count 2 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Berrigan, Bunny 2 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Blakey, Art 11 Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Brown, Lawrence 23 Burns, Ralph 37 Calloway, Cab 6 Carter, Benny 3 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Como, Perry 14 Cornell, Don 30 Cugat, Xavier 23 DeFranco, Buddy 31 Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Eckstine, Billy 1 Eldridge, Roy 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Fountain, Pete 7 Getz, Stan 12 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Goodman, Benny 4 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Herman, Woody 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Jacquet, Illinois 17 James, Harry 11 Jones, Spike 5 Jordan, Louis 11 Krupa, Gene 13 Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 Lee, Peggy 8 Lombardo, Guy 60 Madness 27 McGuire Sisters, The 27 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 Miller, Glenn 6 Norvo, Red 12 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Parker, Charlie 5 Prima, Louis 18 Puente, Tito 14

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 8 Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Squirrel Nut Zippers 20 Stafford, Jo 24 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Teagarden, Jack 10 Torme, Mel 4 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Welk, Lawrence 13 Whiteman, Paul 17

Bluegrass Auldridge, Mike 4 Baldassari, Butch 43 Barenberg, Russ 63 Bering Strait 57 Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blue Highway 41 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Clarence 58 Clement, Jack 57 Clements, Vassar 18 Country Gentlemen, The 7 Crowe, J.D. 5 Dickens, Hazel 35 Duhks, The 62 Flatt, Lester 3 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Front Range 43 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haynie, Aubrey 46 IIIrd Tyme Out 40 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Krebs, Pete 43 Lewis, Laurie 56 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Lynn Morris Band 40 Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The

Scruggs, Earl 3 Seldom Scene, The 4 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley Brothers, The 17 Stuart, Marty 9 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Welch, Gillian 33 Wiseman, Mac 19

Blues Adams, Alberta 57 Allison, Luther 21 Ayler, Albert 19 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baldry, Long John 51 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Benoit, Tab 31 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Bishop, Elvin 41 Black Keys, The 64 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Block, Rory 18 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blues Brothers, The 3 Boggs, Dock 25 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Broonzy, Big Bill 13 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Brown, Clarence 58 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burnside, R. L. 34

McCoury, Del 15

Cale, J. J. 16

McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12

Campbell, Little Milton 58

Meyer, Edgar 40

Cassidy, Eva 35

Monroe, Bill 1

Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Nashville Bluegrass Band 14 New Grass Revival, The 4 Nickel Creek 40 Northern Lights 19

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Jimmie 53 Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Diddley, Bo 3 Dixon, Willie 10 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Estes, John 25 Everlast 27 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Ford, Robben 54 Ford, T-Model 41 Foster, Willie 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gatton, Danny 16 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Handy, W. C. 7 Harris, Corey 41 Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Hart, Beth 29 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Holiday, Billie 6 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 House, Son 11 Howlin’ Wolf 6 Indigenous 31 James, Elmore 8 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Robert 6 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Joplin, Janis 3

Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The

Kimbrough, Junior 41

Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4

King, Chris Thomas 43 Korner, Alexis 51

King, Albert 2

Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26

O’Brien, Tim 39

Rich, Buddy 13

O’Connor, Mark 1

Rodney, Red 14

Osborne Brothers, The 8

Roomful of Blues 7 Scott, Jimmy 14

Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers

Setzer, Brian 32

Railroad Earth 51

Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Severinsen, Doc 1

Reverend Horton Heat 19

Cotton, James 35

Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32

Shaw, Artie 57

Rowan, Peter 51

Cowboy Junkies 38

LaVette, Bettye 58

Royal Crown Revue 33

King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Freddy 17 Lang, Jonny 27

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Leadbelly 6 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lewis, Furry 26 Little Feat 4 Little Walter 14 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Los Lonely Boys 61 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mayall, John 7 McClennan, Tommy 25 McClinton, Delbert 14 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McLean, Dave 24 McShann, Jay 41 McTell, Blind Willie 17 Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Mo’, Keb’ 52 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Muldaur, Maria 18 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Owens, Jack 30 Patton, Charley 11 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Professor Longhair 6 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Redding, Otis 5 Reed, Jimmy 15 Rich, Charlie 3 Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35 Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 49 Roomful of Blues 7 Rush, Otis 12 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shines, Johnny 14 Smith, Bessie 3 Snow, Phoebe 4 Spann, Otis 18 Spivey, Victoria 44 Strehli, Angela 58 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Otis 60 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Trower, Robin 58 Turner, Big Joe 13

Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Wallace, Sippie 6 Washington, Dinah 5 Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Wells, Junior 17 Weston, Randy 15 White, Bukka 57 White, Josh 55 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Gerald 19 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 Yancey, Jimmy 54 ZZ Top 2

Cajun/Zydeco Adcock, C.C. 52 Balfa, Dewey 49 Balfa Toujours 54 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Beausoleil 37 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Doucet, Michael 8 Hackberry Ramblers 43 Jocque, Beau 51 Landreth, Sonny 16 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9 Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Savoy, Ann 47 Simien, Terrance 12 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sturr, Jimmy 33

Cumulative Subject Index • 209

Darling, David 34 DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Haimovitz, Matt 60 Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harrell, Lynn 3 Holland, Dave 27 Johnson, Marc 58 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mørk, Truls 38 Rasputina 26 Rolston, Shauna 50 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Russell, Arthur 50 Savall, Jordi 44 Silva, Alan 45 Starker, Janos 32

Children’s Music Bartels, Joanie 13 Cappelli, Frank 14 Chapin, Tom 11 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Covert, Ralph 54 Glazer, Tom 48 Haack, Bruce 37 Harley, Bill 7 Lehrer, Tom 7 Nagler, Eric 8 Penner, Fred 10 Raffi 8 Riders in the Sky 33 Rogers, Fred 46 Rosenshontz 9 Sharon, Lois & Bram 6 Silverstein, Shel 51 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wiggles, The 42

Christian Music Adam Again 61 Anointed 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Ashton, Susan 17 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Avalon 26 Becker, Margaret 31 Boltz, Ray 33 Boone, Debby 46 Card, Michael 40 Carman 36 Casting Crowns 59 Champion, Eric 21 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevelle 44 Christafari 51

Earlier sketch in CM 33 Driscoll, Phil 45 Duncan, Bryan 19 Elms, The 44 Eskelin, Ian 19 4Him 23 Gaither, Bill 53 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Green, Keith 38 Hammond, Fred 36 Heard, Mark 48 Honeytree 58 Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Innocence Mission, The 46 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Joy Electric 26 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Lewis, Crystal 38 McGuire, Barry 45 MercyMe 56 Moore, Geoff 43 Morgan, Cindy 36 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Mullins, Rich 35 MxPx 33 Newsboys, The 24 NewSong 56 Nordeman, Nichole 47 Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Orrico, Stacie 47 Out of the Grey 37 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Patti, Sandi 50 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pedro the Lion 57 Petra 3 PFR 38 Phillips, Craig & Dean 45 Plus One 43 P.O.D. 33 Point of Grace 21 Project 86 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redman, Matt 54 Relient K 55 Resurrection Band 36 Rice, Chris 25 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Selah 61

Crosse, Clay 38

Seventy Sevens, The 46

Cello

Danielson 59

Sierra 60

Casals, Pablo 9 Chang, Han-Na 33

dc Talk 18

Sixpence None the Richer 26

Delirious? 62

Skillet 54

210 • Cumulative Subject Index

Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 SonicFlood 51 Starflyer 59 50 St. James, Rebecca 26 Stonehill, Randy 44 Stryper 2 Switchfoot 48 Taylor, Steve 26 Third Day 34 tobyMac 63 Tomlin, Chris 63 Troccoli, Kathy 48 Tumes, Michelle 37 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Vigilantes of Love 51 Watermark 43 Waters, Ethel 11 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Beltrán, Tito 28 Berio, Luciano 32 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Bolcom, William 54 Bond 43 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Bonney, Barbara 33 Börtz, Daniel 52 Boulanger, Nadia 56 Boulez, Pierre 26 Boyd, Liona 7 Bream, Julian 9 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brodsky Quartet 41 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Canadian Brass, The 4 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, Ron 14 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chanticleer 33 Christie, William 56 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Church, Charlotte 28 Clayderman, Richard 1 Cliburn, Van 13 Conlon, James 44 Copland, Aaron 2 Corigliano, John 34 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Colin 27 DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Dvorak, Antonin 25 eighth blackbird 57 Emerson String Quartet 33 Ensemble Modern 39 Eroica Trio 47 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Fiedler, Arthur 6 5 Browns, The 59 Fleming, Renee 24 Galimir, Felix 36 Galway, James 3 Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gingold, Josef 6 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Grimaud, Hélène 35 Hahn, Hilary 30 Haimovitz, Matt 60 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hampson, Thomas 12 Harnoy, Ofra 49

Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Hough, Stephen 40 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Il Divo 61 Isbin, Sharon 33 Ives, Charles 29 Jarrett, Keith 1 Josefowicz, Leila 35 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kirkby, Emma 35 Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kremer, Gidon 30 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kunzel, Erich 17 Lemper, Ute 14 Levine, James 8 Liberace 9 Lockhart, Keith 36 Lupu, Radu 36 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 MacGregor, Joanna 41 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Wynton 6 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 McNair, Sylvia 15 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Mehta, Zubin 11 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Meyer, Edgar 40 Midori 7 Moro 38 Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mørk, Truls 38 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 Nancarrow, Conlon 32 Nyman, Michael 15 Oregon 30 Ott, David 2 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pärt, Arvo 40 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Harrell, Lynn 3

Phillips, Harvey 3

Barber, Samuel 34

Hayes, Roland 13

Pires, Maria João 26

Composers

Barenboim, Daniel 30

Heifetz, Jascha 31

Quasthoff, Thomas 26

Abbuehl, Susanne 62

Barrueco, Manuel 39

Henderson, Skitch 58

Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6

Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38

Beecham, Thomas 27

Hendricks, Barbara 10

Rangell, Andrew 24

Abrams, Muhal Richard 37

Clarinet Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bilk, Acker 47 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Byron, Don 22 Carter, John 34 DeFranco, Buddy 31 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Fountain, Pete 7 Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Goodman, Benny 4 Harrison, Wendell 56 Herman, Woody 12 Koffman, Moe 34 Pine, Courtney 51 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Scott, Tony 32 Segundo, Compay 45 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Stoltzman, Richard 24 Sturr, Jimmy 33 Vandermark, Ken 28 Waters, Benny 58 Woods, Phil 57

Classical Abbado, Claudio 32 Ahn Trio 45 Amante, Michael 61 Ameling, Elly 24 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Assad, Badi 36 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52

Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rochberg, George 56 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Rota, Nino 13 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Satoh, Somei 49 Sauguet, Henri 48 Savall, Jordi 44 Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schuman, William 10 Segovia, Andres 6 Shaham, Gil 35 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shaw, Robert 32 Solti, Georg 13 Starker, Janos 32 Stern, Isaac 7 Stoltzman, Richard 24 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tafelmusik 49 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Tan Dun 33 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Tiersen, Yann 59 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Vanessa-Mae 26 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vienna Choir Boys 23 Volodos, Arcadi 28 von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, George 34 Walton, William 44 Watson, Russell 37 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, Jessica 39 Wilson, Ransom 5 Wolff, Christian 38 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Zazeela, Marian 49 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Subject Index • 211

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Adamson, Barry 28 Adderley, Nat 29 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Allen, Geri 10 Alperin, Misha 64 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Wessell 42 Anka, Paul 2 Arlen, Harold 27 Armstrong, Craig 62 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Auger, Brian 63 Axelrod, David 34 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barber, Samuel 34 Barenberg, Russ 63 Barry, John 29 Barth, Bruce 50 Beamer, Keola 43 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Benson, George 9 Berio, Luciano 32 Berlin, Irving 8 Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blake, Ran 38 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Blegvad, Peter 28 Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Bolcom, William 54 Börtz, Daniel 52 Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Boulez, Pierre 26 Branca, Glenn 29 Brann, Chris 63 Brant, Henry 39 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Earle 41 Brubeck, Dave 8

Cage, John 8 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Cardew, Cornelius 56 Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, John 34 Casals, Pablo 9 Chia, Enrique 54 Clarke, Stanley 3 Cohen, Avishai 42 Coleman, Ornette 5 Colon, Willie 37 Coltrane, Alice 52 Conniff, Ray 37 Connors, Norman 30 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooney, Rory 6 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Corigliano, John 34 Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Culbertson, Brian 40 Curtis, King 17 Dameron, Tadd 56 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Chip 4 Davis, Miles 1 de Grassi, Alex 6 Dello Joio, Norman 65 Del Tredici, David 35 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Dolphy, Eric 36 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dudamel, Gustavo 63 Dvorak, Antonin 25 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Eno, Brian 49

Burns, Ralph 37

Fell, Simon H. 32

Burrell, Kenny 11

Fine, Vivian 42

Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos Fröhlich, Frank 32 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galliano, Richard 58 Garner, Erroll 25 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Green, Benny 17 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Gubaidulina, Sofia 39 Hall, Jim 35 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, Jan 21 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Handy, W. C. 7 Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Lou 50 Hartke, Stephen 5 Hassell, Jon 43 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hill, Andrew 41 Ho, Fred 60 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Hunter, Alberta 7 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Isham, Mark 14 Ives, Charles 29 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jacquet, Illinois 17 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Johnson, Buddy 44

Byard, Jaki 56

Fonseca, Celso 47

Johnson, J.J. 33

Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads

Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Johnson, James P. 16

Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Johnson, Marc 58

Miles, Ron 22

Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Johnston, Phillip 36

Mingus, Charles 9

Jones, Hank 15

Minott, Sugar 31

Byron, Don 22

Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fahey, John 17 Faith, Percy 43 Feldman, Morton 42

Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kancheli, Giya 40 Kander, John 33 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kater, Peter 35 Kenny G 14 Kenton, Stan 21 Kern, Jerome 13 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kurtág, György 54 Lacy, Steve 23 Lasar, Mars 39 Lateef, Yusef 16 Lee, Peggy 8 Legg, Adrian 17 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Ligeti, György 50 Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Lins, Ivan 58 Little, Booker 36 Lloyd, Charles 22 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Loesser, Frank 19 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Luening, Otto 37 MacDermot, Galt 49 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mayer, John 50 McBride, Christian 17 McLean, Jackie 41 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37

212 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moondog 55 Moore, Undine Smith 40 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Nascimento, Milton 6 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Newman, Randy 4 Newsom, Tommy 63 Niblock, Phill 43 Nyman, Michael 15 O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Oldfield, Mike 18 Orff, Carl 21 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ott, David 2 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Ray 63 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Porter, Cole 10 Post, Mike 21 Previn, André 15 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Reich, Steve 8 Reinhardt, Django 7 Riley, Terry 32 Ritenour, Lee 7 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roach, Steve 41 Rochberg, George 56 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rota, Nino 13 Rouse, Christopher 41

Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schneider, Maria 48 Schuman, William 10 Schütze, Paul 32 Schwarz, Gerard 45 Sebesky, Don 33 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shapey, Ralph 42 Sharp, Elliott 50 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shearing, George 28 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Silver, Horace 19 Smith, Tommy 28 Solal, Martial 4 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Sousa, John Philip 10 Spearman, Glenn 55 Stalling, Carl 50 Stern, Leni 29 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strauss, Richard 25 Stravinsky, Igor 21 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Strouse, Charles 43 Stucky, Steven 55 Styne, Jule 21 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sylvian, David 27 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Talbot, John Michael 6

Royal, Billy Joe 46

Tesh, John 20

Rushen, Patrice 49

Thielemans, Toots 13

Russell, Arthur 50 Rzewski, Frederic 57

Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24

Saariaho, Kaija 43

Threadgill, Henry 9

Tan Dun 33 Tatum, Art 17 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9

Tiersen, Yann 59 Tobin, Amon 32 Towner, Ralph 22 Tristano, Lennie 30 Truffaz, Erik 54 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Tyner, McCoy 7 Ung, Chinary 46 Vangelis 21 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Wallace, Bennie 31 Walton, William 44 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Weber, Eberhard 41 Weill, Kurt 12 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Whelan, Bill 20 Whiteman, Paul 17 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Woods, Phil 57 Worrell, Bernie 11 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Young, La Monte 16 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zé, Tom 43 Zimmer, Hans 34 Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Alsop, Marin 58 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Beecham, Thomas 27 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Boulez, Pierre 26 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brown, Earle 41 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Christie, William 56 Conlon, James 44 Conniff, Ray 37 Copland, Aaron 2 Davies, Dennis Russell 24 Davis, Colin 27 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Evans, Gil 17 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Galliano, Richard 58 Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gergiev, Valery 58 Gould, Morton 16 Haitink, Bernard 39 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Huggett, Monica 50 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Jarrett, Keith 1 Jones, Hank 15 Kunzel, Erich 17 Levine, James 8 Lockhart, Keith 36 Maazel, Lorin 46 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marriner, Neville 7 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mehta, Zubin 11 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Muti, Riccardo 56 Nero, Peter 19 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Previn, André 15 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Savall, Jordi 44 Schickele, Peter 5

Conductors

Shapey, Ralph 42

Abbado, Claudio 32 Adès, Thomas 30

Shaw, Robert 32

Schifrin, Lalo 29 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Slatkin, Leonard 41

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Solti, Georg 13 Strauss, Richard 25 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Valdes, Chuco 25 von Karajan, Herbert 1 Welk, Lawrence 13 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Cumulative Subject Index • 213

Soul II Soul 17 Spacemen 3 31 Stereo MC’s 34 Sugar Ray 22 Summer, Donna 12 Sylvester 53 Technotronic 5 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tricky 18 2 Unlimited 18 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Vasquez, Junior 16 Village People, The 7 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Wink, Josh 44 Young M.C. 4

Roth, Gabrielle 26 Schroer, Oliver 29 Sete, Bola 26 Sissel 42 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tangerine Dream 12 Tesh, John 20 Tingstad & Rumbel 44 Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Contemporary Instrumental/New Age

Adderley, Nat 29 Armstrong, Louis 4 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Braff, Ruby 43 Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Davison, Wild Bill 34 Handy, W. C. 7 Oliver, King 15 Vaché, Warren, Jr. 22

Exposé 4

Gang of Four 8 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Groove Armada 39 Hammer, M.C. 5 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Holmes, David 31 Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Grace 9 La Bouche 38 Leftfield 29 Le Tigre 55 Lidell, Jamie 57 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Massive Attack 17 Michael, George 49 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Naté, Ultra 34 New Order 11 Orbital 20 Peniston, CeCe 15 Pet Shop Boys 5 Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plaid 50 Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Puthli, Asha 60 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rodgers, Nile 8 Salt-N-Pepa 6 Shadow, DJ 19

Faithless 37

Shamen, The 23

Nightnoise 45

Felix da Housecat 44

Sherwood, Adrian 31

Fox, Samantha 3

Singh, Talvin 44

O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons

Foxx, John 56

Size, Roni 31

Riley, Terry 32

Blue Mountain 38

Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20

Sonique 45

Roach, Steve 41

Blue Rodeo 65

Contemporary Dance Music Abdul, Paula 3 Afro Celt Sound System 46 Air 33 Amber 40 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Beenie Man 33 B-52’s, The 4 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, James 2 Carroll, Dina 31 C + C Music Factory 16 Cherry, Neneh 4 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Craig, Carl 19 Daft Punk 33 Dead or Alive 50 Deee-lite 9 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Digweed, John 44 Dimitri from Paris 43 DJ Krush 60 Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 English Beat, The 9 En Vogue 10 Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Ackerman, Will 3 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Armik 41 Ciani, Suzanne 50 Cole, Jim 54 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Cook, Jesse 33 Coulter, William 49 Darling, David 34 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 de Gaia, Banco 27 de Grassi, Alex 6 Demby, Constance 51 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Esquivel, Juan 17 Gunn, Nicholas 39 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hedges, Michael 3 Isham, Mark 14 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Kater, Peter 35 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lanz, David 42 Lasar, Mars 39 Legg, Adrian 17 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Line, Lorie 34 Merzbow 31 Mogwai 27

Cornet

Country Acuff, Roy 2 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adkins, Trace 31 Akins, Rhett 22 Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Allan, Gary 41 Allen, Terry 56 Allison, Joe 42 Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, John 5 Anderson, Keith 65 Andrews, Jessica 34 Arnold, Eddy 10 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Auldridge, Mike 4 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Bare, Bobby 48 Barnett, Mandy 26 Bellamy Brothers, The 13 Bentley, Dierks 56 Berg, Matraca 16 Bering Strait 57 Berry, John 17 Big & Rich 57 Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 BlackHawk 21

214 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Blue Sky Boys 46 Boggs, Dock 25 Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Bonamy, James 21 Bond, Johnny 28 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boxcar Willie 41 Boy Howdy 21 Brandt, Paul 22 Brannon, Kippi 20 BR5-49 35 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Tony 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Cale, J. J. 16 Calexico 33 Campbell, Glen 2 Campi, Ray 44 Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, Deana 55 Carter Family, The 3 Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, June Carter 6 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cash Brothers 47 Chambers, Kasey 36 Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chatham County Line 55 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Clark, Guy 17

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooley, Spade 53 Coolidge, Rita 40 Cowboy Junkies 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Currington, Billy 64 Cyrus, Billy Ray 11 Dalton, Lacy J. 43 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Linda 21 Davis, Mac 60 Davis, Skeeter 15 Dean, Billy 19 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Derailers, The 37 Desert Rose Band, The 4 Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickinson, Jim 59 Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Dillards, The 45 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Downing, Big Al 45 Dusty, Slim 39 Dylan, Bob 58 Eaglesmith, Fred 60 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Edwards, Stoney 55 Estes, John 25 Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feathers, Charlie 40 Flatlanders, The 43 Flatt, Lester 3 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Burrito Brothers 44

Clements, Vassar 18

Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3

Cline, Patsy 5

Foster, Radney 16

Coe, David Allan 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Fricke, Janie 33 Friedman, Kinky 35

Germano, Lisa 18 Giant Sand 30 Gibson, Don 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gilley, Mickey 7 Gilman, Billy 34 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Golden Smog 60 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Robert 57 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Gracin, Josh 64 Greenwood, Lee 12 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Griggs, Andy 40 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Wayne 45 Handsome Family, The 30 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hay, George D. 3 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Herndon, Ty 20 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Highway 101 4 Hill, Faith 50 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Holy, Steve 61 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Ingram, Jack 58 Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Wanda 42 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jordanaires, The 44 Judds, The 2 Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kentucky Headhunters, The 5

Collie, Mark 15

Frizzell, Lefty 10

Kershaw, Sammy 15

Montana, Patsy 38

Colter, Jessi 63

Frost, Edith 40

Ketchum, Hal 14

Montgomery, John Michael 14

Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30

Gauthier, Mary 54

King, Pee Wee 30

Montgomery Gentry 34

Gayle, Crystal 1

Kinleys, The 32

Confederate Railroad 23

Gentry, Bobbie 46

Krebs, Pete 43

Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40

Clark, Roy 1

Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lamb, Barbara 19 Lambchop 29 Lambert, Miranda 62 Lane, Cristy 51 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lawrence, Tracy 11 LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Legend, Johnny 58 Leigh, Danni 39 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Little Big Town 61 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Lonestar 27 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Loveless, Patty 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Malo, Raul 63 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Martin, Janis 59 Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mavericks, The 15 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14 McCann, Lila 26 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoy, Neal 15 McCready, Mindy 22 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Merritt, Cari Lee 50 Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Meteors, The 61 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Roger 4 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Monroe, Bill 1

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Murphey, Michael Martin 9 Murray, Anne 4 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newton, Juice 37 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nichols, Joe 49 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 O’Connor, Mark 1 Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Oldham, Will 32 O’Neal, Jamie 49 Oslin, K. T. 3 Otto, James 65 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Paladins, The 47 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Pearl, Minnie 3 Peters, Gretchen 45 Peterson, Michael 31 Pierce, Webb 15 Po’ Girl 58 Price, Ray 11 Pride, Charley 4 Pure Prairie League 49 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randall, Jon 58 Rascal Flatts 42 Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Raye, Collin 16 Reeves, Jim 10 Restless Heart 12 Rich, Charlie 3 Richey, Kim 20 Ricochet 23 Riders in the Sky 33 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Cumulative Subject Index • 215

Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rouse, Josh 42 Sadies, The 53 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salama, Kareem 65 Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Scott, Darrell 54 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seals, Dan 9 SHeDAISY 36 Shelton, Blake 45 Shenandoah 17 Silverstein, Shel 51 Singletary, Daryle 41 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Slobberbone 38 Smith, Sammi 48 Snow, Hank 29 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sons of the Desert 44 Sons of the Pioneers 53 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Statler Brothers, The 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Stone, Doug 10 Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9 Sugarland 61 Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Swift, Taylor 65 Tennison, Chalee 36 Texas Tornados, The 8 Thompson, Hank 43 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Trick Pony 42 Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Tubb, Ernest 4 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Turner, Josh 59 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twitty, Conway 6

Van Shelton, Ricky 5 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant 61 Vassar, Phil 52 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walser, Don 35 Wariner, Steve 18 Warren Brothers, The 34 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Webb Brothers, The 57 Welch, Gillian 33 Wells, Kitty 6 West, Dottie 8 West, Speedy 47 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whiskeytown 44 White, Jim 40 White, Lari 15 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitley, Keith 7 Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilder, Webb 55 Wilkinsons, The 30 Williams, Don 4 Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wills, Bob 6 Wills, Mark 27 Wilson, Gretchen 52

Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Demby, Constance 51 Ritchie, Jean 4

Two Dollar Pistols 41

Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway

Ritter, Tex 37

Uncle Tupelo 37

Robbins, Marty 9

Underwood, Carrie 63

Roberts, Sam 59

Urban, Keith 44

Rodgers, Jimmie 3

Urban Knights 46

Worley, Darryl 45 Wright, Chely 35 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Young, Faron 7

Dobro Auldridge, Mike 4 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Douglas, Jerry 52 Graves, Josh 48

Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits

Drums Aronoff, Kenny 21 Blackwell, Ed 55 Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Clarke, Kenny 35 Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Hayes, Louis 40 Haynes, Roy 33 Higgins, Billy 35 Hussain, Zakir 32 King, Chris Thomas 43 Mori, Ikue 55 Muhammad, Idris 40 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Oxley, Tony 32 Parker, Leon 27 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Schweizer, Irène 46 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Turner, Roger 32 Watts, Charlie 52

Dulcimer

Fiddle Balfa, Dewey 49 Carthy, Eliza 31 Cooley, Spade 53 Ivers, Eileen 30 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Lewis, Laurie 56 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 MacMaster, Natalie 37 Tabuchi, Shoji 55 Thompson, Joe 63

Film Scores Alloy Orchestra 51 Anka, Paul 2 Arlen, Harold 27 Armstrong, Craig 62 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barry, John 29 Baxter, Les 47 Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30

216 • Cumulative Subject Index

Berlin, Irving 8 Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Brion, Jon 52 Britten, Benjamin 15 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cahn, Sammy 11 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolby, Thomas 10 Donovan 9 Eddy, Duane 9 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Galás, Diamanda 16 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Gould, Glenn 9 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Hayes, Isaac 10 Hedges, Michael 3 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horner, James 38 Isham, Mark 14 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Kander, John 33 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Lahiri, Bappi 42 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lerner and Loewe 13 Loesser, Frank 19

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The Menken, Alan 10 Mercer, Johnny 13 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Nascimento, Milton 6 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nyman, Michael 15 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Peterson, Oscar 11 Porter, Cole 10 Previn, André 15 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Robertson, Robbie 2 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rota, Nino 13 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 18 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Schickele, Peter 5 Schütze, Paul 32 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shore, Howard 48 Silvestri, Alan 37 Stalling, Carl 50 Strouse, Charles 43 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tan Dun 33 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Willner, Hal 10 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Flute Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Galway, James 3 Hofmann, Holly 41 Jethro Tull 8 Koffman, Moe 34 Lateef, Yusef 16 Laws, Hubert 38 Mangione, Chuck 23 Mann, Herbie 16 Mirabal, Robert 45 Moody, James 34 Najee 21 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Tabackin, Lew 47 Torres, Nestor 36 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Valentin, Dave 33 Wilson, Ransom 5 Youngblood, Mary 62 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41 Zonjic, Alexander 53

Folk/Traditional Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Adam, Margie 39 Alberstein, Chava 37 Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Amadou & Mariam 49 America 16 Anonymous 4 23 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Arnaz, Desi 8 Atwater-Donnelly 53 Axton, Hoyt 28 Baca, Susana 32 Baez, Joan 1 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barachois 53 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Battlefield Band, The 31 Beamer, Keola 43 Be Good Tanyas 48 Belafonte, Harry 8 Belle and Sebastian 28 Beltrán, Lola 48 Black, Mary 15 Black 47 37 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Brooke, Jonatha 56 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Greg 56 Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Burns Sisters 41 Byrds, The 8 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Cantrell, Laura 57 Caravan 24 Carolina Chocolate Drops 63 Carter Family, The 3 Carthy, Eliza 31 Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Cassidy, Eva 35 Ceili Rain 34 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapman, Tracy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherry, Don 10 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Childs, Toni 2 Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clark, Gene 51 Clegg, Johnny 8 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cohen, Leonard 52 Cohn, Marc 43 Collins, Judy 4 Collister, Christine 42 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Curtis, Catie 31 Dalaras, George 40 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Ditty Bops, The 59

Bloom, Luka 14

Donegan, Lonnie 42

Bloomfield, Michael 40

Donovan 9 Drake, Nick 17

Flugelhorn

Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Marsalis, Branford 10

Bowie, Lester 29

Boggs, Dock 25

Matz, Peter 43

Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Brady, Paul 8

Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Bragg, Billy 7

Duhks, The 62

Mangione, Chuck 23

Brave Combo 31

Dylan, Bob 58

Sandoval, Arturo 62

Bromberg, David 18

Elliot, Cass 5

Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32

Zimmer, Hans 34

Driftwood, Jimmy 25

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Subject Index • 217

Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Fahey, John 17 Fairport Convention 22 Fassie, Brenda 50 Feliciano, José 10 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Franco 39 Frogs, The 31 Frost, Edith 40 Fureys, The 41 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gaelic Storm 52 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galway, James 3 Germano, Lisa 18 Gibson, Bob 23 Gilberto, João 33 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Gorka, John 18 Gray, David 30 Great Big Sea 45 Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Grisman, David 17 Gurtu, Trilok 29 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Woody 2 Hakmoun, Hassan 15 Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Roy 30 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Havens, Richie 11 Hayden 65 Haza, Ofra 29 Hem 55 Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Ho, Don 54 Holland, Jolie 55 Honeytree 58

Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Incredible String Band 23 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Innocence Mission, The 46 Irish Tenors, The 36 Ivers, Eileen 30 Ives, Burl 12 Jacobs, Kate 51 Johansen, Kevin 48 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jones, Marti 51 Kalthum, Umm 42 Khaled 33 Khan, Ali Akbar 34 Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kingston Trio, The 9 Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 La Bottine Souriante 50 Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Larkin, Patty 9 Lavin, Christine 6 Leadbelly 6 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Limeliters, The 40 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Maal, Baaba 37 MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Magical Strings 43 Makeba, Miriam 8 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mami, Cheb 36 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Martyn, John 43 Masekela, Hugh 7 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McGuire, Barry 45 McKenna, Lori 54 McKennitt, Loreena 24 McLean, Don 7

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moro 38 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mulvey, Peter 59 Najma 39 Na Leo 38 Nascimento, Milton 6 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neil, Fred 42 Nields, The 48 O’Brien, Tim 39 Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odetta 7 Orchestra Baobab 42 O Riada, Sean 56 Owoh, Orlando 57 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Paxton, Tom 5 Pedro the Lion 57 Pentangle 18 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Utah 57 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Po’ Girl 58 Pogues, The 6 Portuondo, Omara 42 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span Proclaimers, The 13 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Radio Tarifa 40 Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rankins, The 24 Redpath, Jean 1 Reichel, Keali’i 50 Ritchie, Jean 4 Roches, The 18 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Stan 61

Mediaeval Baebes 47

Rose, Tim 41

Hurley, Michael 58

Melanie 12

Rusby, Kate 29

Sebestyén, Márta 47 Seeger, Peggy 25 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Selena 16 Sexton, Martin 41 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Sill, Judee 61 Silly Wizard 36 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simonal, Wilson 33 Simon and Garfunkel 24 Sissel 42 Snow, Pheobe 4 Solas 34 Spillane, Davy 48 Steeleye Span 19 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Story, The 13 Sumac, Yma 50 Sweet Honey in the Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Tabor, June 38 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Kate 30 Tegan and Sara 58 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Traoré, Boubacar 38 Traore, Rokia 53 Turner, Otha 52 Ulali 38 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vives, Carlos 38 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Wainwright, Loudon, III 11 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Waterboys, The 27 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Hussain, Zakir 32

Miller, Julie 55

Russell, Tom 26

Weavers, The 8

Huun-Huur-Tu 58

Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11

Welch, Elisabeth 50

Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Welch, Gillian 33

Ian and Sylvia 18

Moffatt, Katy 46

Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Wemba, Papa 40 Werner, Susan 54

218 • Cumulative Subject Index

Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whitman, Slim 19 Wilcox, David 38 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Wrigley, Bernard 58 Yannatou, Savina 48 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Zé, Tom 43

Funk Adam Again 61 Association, The 59 Avery, Teodross 23 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brand New Heavies, The 14 Brown, James 2 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Cameo 60 Citizen King 27 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Dazz Band 64 Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 ESG 45 Fishbone 7 Front 242 19 Gang of Four 8 Gap Band, The 42 Gray, Macy 32 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jamiroquai 21 Joy Electric 26 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Ohio Players 16 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Sly and the Family Stone 24 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly and the Family Stone Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Cleveland, James 1 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cox Family 44 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Davis, Jimmie 53 DeBarge, Chico 53 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Eartha 44 Fairfield Four 49 Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12 Florida Boys, The 42 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3 4Him 23 Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Franklin, Kirk 22 Gaither, Bill 53 Gaither Vocal Band 38 Golden Gate Quartet 25 Greater Vision 26 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hawkins, Tramaine 17 Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Imperials, The 43 Jackson, Mahalia 8 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Jordanaires, The 44 Kee, John P. 15 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Little Richard 1 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Mary Mary 39 McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Nesby, Ann 57 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Persuasions, The 47 Pickett, Wilson 10 Presley, Elvis 1 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redding, Otis 5 Reese, Della 13 Robbins, Marty 9 Selah 61 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Sounds of Blackness 13 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tharpe, Sister Rosetta 47 Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Waters, Ethel 11 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Marion 15 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, The 12 Womack, Bobby 5

Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Staples, Pops 11

Bishop, Elvin 41

Staton, Candi 45

Bishop, Jeb 28

Carter Family, The 3

Studdard, Ruben 61

Blake, Norman 47

Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Swan Silvertones, The 39

Blegvad, Peter 28

Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Block, Rory 18

Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Worrell, Bernie 11 Wu-Tang Clan 19

Fusion Anderson, Ray 7 Auger, Brian 63 Avery, Teodross 23 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Clarke, Stanley 3 Codona 44 Coleman, Ornette 5 Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Miles 1 Dulfer, Candy 35 Fishbone 7 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Harris, Eddie 15 Johnson, Eric 19 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lindsay, Arto 53 Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 McLaughlin, John 12 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Niacin 51 O’Connor, Mark 1 Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Puthli, Asha 60 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Ritenour, Lee 7 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Soft Machine 36 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tinariwen 62 Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Gospel Anderson, Marian 8 Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Baylor, Helen 20 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, James 2

Guitar Abercrombie, John 25 Ackerman, Will 3 Adamson, Barry 28 Adcock, C.C. 52 Adé, King Sunny 18 Adkins, Trace 31 Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allison, Luther 21 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish Armik 41 Arthur, Joseph 57 Assad, Badi 36 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Axton, Hoyt 28 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bailey, Derek 40 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barenberg, Russ 63 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrueco, Manuel 39 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Benoit, Tab 31 Benson, George 9 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Berry, John 17

Bloom, Luka 14

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Subject Index • 219

Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Curtis, Catie 31 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daniels, Charlie 6 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Day, Howie 49 de Grassi, Alex 6 Del Rubio Triplets 21 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Di Meola, Al 12 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Eddy, Duane 9 Edwards, Kathleen 55 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ellis, Herb 18 Ely, Joe 52 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Eubanks, Kevin 35 Fahey, John 17 Fankhauser, Merrell 24 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Feliciano, José 10 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fender, Leo 10 Five for Fighting 36 Flatt, Lester 3 Flores, Rosie 16 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Fonseca, Celso 47 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The

Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Frusciante, John 56 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gaillard, Slim 31 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gatton, Danny 16 Gibson, Bob 23 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, João 33 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Golightly, Holly 45 Gorka, John 18 Green, Grant 14 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Guy, Buddy 4 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Haley, Bill 6 Hall, Jim 35 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Wayne 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harper, Ben 17 Harris, Corey 41 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Jesse 47 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Havens, Richie 11 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hepcat, Harry 23 Hicks, John 59 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Hunter, Charlie 24 Ingram, Jack 58 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isbin, Sharon 33 Ives, Burl 12 Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Randy 64 James, Elmore 8 James, Skip 24 Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Jennings, Mason 59 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Eric 19 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Robert 6 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Jorge, Seu 58 Juanes 43 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kessel, Barney 47 King, Albert 2 King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Chris Thomas 43 King, Earl 44 King, Freddy 17 King, Kaki 55 Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Cook, Jesse 33

Ford, Robben 54

Lang, Eddie 60

Cornelius 44

Ford, T-Model 41

Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine

Cotten, Elizabeth 16

Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie

Holly, Buddy 1

Langford, Jon 59

Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Larkin, Patty 9

Franco 39

Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13

Lee, Alvin 59

Fripp, Robert 9

Howlin’ Wolf 6

Legg, Adrian 17

Bloomfield, Michael 40 Bond, Johnny 28 Boyd, Liona 7 Bream, Julian 9 Bromberg, David 18 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Norman 29 Bruni, Carla 64 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burnside, R. L. 34 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burrell, Kenny 11 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Carlton, Larry 38 Carter, Deana 55 Catherine, Philip 59 Cat Power 30 Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chaquico, Craig 23 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Christian, Charlie 11 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Collie, Mark 15 Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, John 39 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Coulter, William 49 Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cropper, Steve 12

Kropinski, Uwe 31 Landreth, Sonny 16 Lang, Jonny 27

Leadbelly 6

220 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Leo, Ted 43 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Lindley, David 2 Lindsay, Arto 53 Lloyd, Bill 62 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lofgren, Nils 25 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Mack, Lonnie 37 Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malone, Russell 27 Mandell, Eleni 63 Martino, Pat 17 Mason, Willy 62 Matthews, Eric 22 Mayer, John 46 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoury, Del 15 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Dave 24 McLennan, Grant 21 McTell, Blind Willie 17 Merritt, Tift 52 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Frankie 59 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moro 38 Morrissey, Bill 12

Newton, Juice 37 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Will 32 Olson, Carla 45 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Jack 30 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Graham 49 Parker, Ray 63 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Pass, Joe 15 Patton, Charley 11 Pena, Paco 60 Perkins, Carl 9 Peterson, Michael 31 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 14 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Shawn 41 Pizzarelli, John 50 Powell, Baden 23 Prewitt, Archer 57 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prophet, Chuck 32 Quaye, Finley 30 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randolph, Robert 49 Redbone, Leon 19 Reed, Jimmy 15 Reichel, Hans 29 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richman, Jonathan 12

Muldaur, Maria 18

Robillard, Duke 49

Mulvey, Peter 59 Naess, Leona 46

Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic

Near, Holly 1

Rose, Tim 41

Newbury, Mickey 44

Ross, Don 65

Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis, Merle 14 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Turner, Otha 52 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Unknown Hinson 62 Vai, Steve 5 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wariner, Steve 18 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Weller, Paul 65 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Also see Jam, The West, Leslie 59 White, Bukka 57 White, Josh 55 White, Lari 15 Whitfield, Mark 18

Ritenour, Lee 7

Rowan, Peter 51 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Rush, Otis 12 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salem, Kevin 32 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Scofield, John 7 Scruggs, Randy 28 Secola, Keith 45 Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Sete, Bola 26 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shelton, Blake 45 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shines, Johnny 14 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Smith, Elliott 28 Smog 28 Spedding, Chris 61 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Stuart, Marty 9 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Swan, Billy 60 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Terrell 32 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thompson, Richard 7 Thorogood, George 34 Tilbrook, Glenn 51

Ritter, Tex 37

Tippin, Aaron 12

Robbins, Marty 9

Todd, Mia Doi 52

Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Robertson, Robbie 2

Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Wiseman, Mac 19

Towner, Ralph 22

Wray, Link 17

Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The

Yamashita, Kazuhito 4

Riley, Billy Lee 43

Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Wilder, Webb 55 Williams, Jody 51 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Wood, Ron 56

Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Subject Index • 221

Fishbone 7 Flotsam and Jetsam 54 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Galactic Cowboys 62 Gathering, The 62 Great White 44 Guns n’ Roses 2 Iron Maiden 10 Judas Priest 10 Kilgore 24 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 L7 12 Machine Head 32 Megadeth 9 Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Monster Magnet 39 Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mr. Big 65 Mr. Bungle 58 Mudvayne 42 Neurosis 28 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Pantera 13 Petra 3 Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Runaways, The 44 Saliva 38 Sepultura 12 Sevendust 37 Skillet 54 Skinny Puppy 17

Stryper 2 Suicidal Tendencies 15 System of a Down 36 Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Type O Negative 27 Warrant 17 Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 Whitesnake 5 White Zombie 17

Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39

Armstrong, Louis 4 Art Ensemble of Chicago 23 Auger, Brian 63 Austin, Patti 47 Avery, Teodross 23 Axelrod, David 34 Ayers, Roy 39 Aznavour, Charles 45 Bad Plus, The 49 Bailey, Mildred 13 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baker, Chet 13 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Barbieri, Gato 22 Barretto, Ray 37 Barron, Kenny 37 Barth, Bruce 50 Basie, Count 2 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bechet, Sidney 17 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Belgrave, Marcus 57 Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Benson, George 9 Berigan, Bunny 2 Bey, Andy 45 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blake, Ran 38 Blakey, Art 11 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bolling, Claude 49 Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bowie, Lester 29 Braff, Ruby 43 Brahem, Anouar 46 Brand New Heavies, The 14 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Peter 26

Soulfly 33

Anderson, Ernestine 53

Brown, Clifford 24

Disturbed 42

Soundgarden 6

Anderson, Fred 32

Brown, Lawrence 23

Dokken 16

Spinal Tap 8

Anderson, Ray 7

Brown, Norman 29

Faith No More 7

Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31

Anderson, Wessell 42

Brown, Oscar 56

Antibalas 62

Brown, Pete 62

Earlier sketch in CM 1 York, Andrew 15 Young, Jacob 64 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17

Harmonica Adler, Larry 35 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Cotton, James 35 Dylan, Bob 58 Foster, Willie 36 Guthrie, Woody 2 Horton, Walter 19 Lewis, Huey 9 Little Walter 14 McClinton, Delbert 14 Musselwhite, Charlie 13 Reed, Jimmy 15 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thompson, Hank 43 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wells, Junior 17 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield

Heavy Metal AC/DC 4 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alice in Chains 10 Angel Corpse 63 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Black Sabbath 9 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Cinderella 16 Circle Jerks 17 Coal Chamber 35 Coheed and Cambria 58 Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cradle of Filth 37 Danzig 7 Deep Purple 11 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Fear Factory 27

Humor Borge, Victor 19 Coasters, The 5 Dr. Demento 23 Friedman, Kinky 35 Jones, Spike 5 Lehrer, Tom 7 Los Straitjackets 50 Moxy Früvous 45 Nixon, Mojo 32 Pearl, Minnie 3 Russell, Mark 6 Sandler, Adam 19 Schickele, Peter 5 Shaffer, Paul 13 Spinal Tap 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Willis, Wesley 51 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Inventors Fender, Leo 10 Harris, Eddie 15 Moog, Robert A. 46 Partch, Harry 29 Paul, Les 2 Reichel, Hans 29 Teagarden, Jack 10 Theremin, Leon 19

Jazz Abercrombie, John 25 Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Acoustic Alchemy 38 Adderley, Cannonball 15 Adderley, Nat 29 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Albright, Gerald 62 Alexander, Monty 59 Allen, Geri 10 Allen, Harry 61 Allison, Mose 17 Allyson, Karrin 42 Alperin, Misha 64 AMM 41

222 • Cumulative Subject Index

Brown, Ray 21 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brubeck, Dave 8 Bruel, Patrick 48 Bublé, Michael 64 Bunnett, Jane 37 Burrell, Kenny 11 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Byard, Jaki 56 Caine, Uri 31 Calloway, Cab 6 Canadian Brass, The 4 Carlton, Larry 38 Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, Betty 6 Carter, James 18 Carter, John 34 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catherine, Philip 59 Chambers, Paul 18 Chanticleer 33 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cherry, Don 10 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Christian, Charlie 11 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Stanley 3 Clements, Vassar 18 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Codona 44 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Holly 18 Cole, Nat King 3 Coleman, Ornette 5 Collins, John 39 Colon, Willie 37 Coltrane, Alice 52 Coltrane, John 4 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Connors, Norman 30 Cook, Carla 57 Corea, Chick 6 Coxhill, Lol 41

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Davison, Wild Bill 34 Dazz Band 64 Dearie, Blossom 46 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 De Phazz 63 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Di Meola, Al 12 Dirty Dozen 23 Dixie Dregs 36 Dolphy, Eric 36 Douglas, Dave 29 Downing, Will 39 Dulfer, Candy 35 Eckstine, Billy 1 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Edwards, Teddy 44 Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Elling, Kurt 31 Ellington, Duke 2 Ellis, Herb 18 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eubanks, Kevin 35 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fell, Simon H. 32 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Ford, Robben 54 Fountain, Pete 7 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Freeman, Von 48 Friesen, David 41 Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Gaillard, Slim 31 Galway, James 3 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garner, Erroll 25 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41

Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47

Getz, Stan 12

Culbertson, Brian 40

Gilberto, Astrud 44

Cullum, Jamie 56

Gillespie, Dizzy 6

Green, Urbie 36 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hall, Jim 35 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harrell, Tom 28 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Eddie 15 Harris, Teddy 22 Harrison, Wendell 56 Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hayes, Louis 40 Haynes, Roy 33 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Herman, Woody 12 Hibbler, Al 34 Hicks, John 59 Higgins, Billy 35 Hill, Andrew 41 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Hirt, Al 5 Ho, Fred 60 Hofmann, Holly 41 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Dave 27 Horn, Shirley 7 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Humes, Helen 19 Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Incognito 16 Isham, Mark 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jacquet, Illinois 53 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 James, Boney 21 James, Harry 11 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39

Dameron, Tadd 56

Goodman, Benny 4

Jensen, Ingrid 22

Mangione, Chuck 23

Dara, Olu 46

Gordon, Dexter 10

Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19

Davis, Anthony 17

Grappelli, Stephane 10

Johnson, Buddy 44

Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40

Green, Benny 17

Johnson, J.J. 33

Mann, Herbie 16

Davis, Miles 1

Green, Grant 14

Johnson, James P. 16

Marsalis, Branford 10

Crawford, Randy 25

Gibbs, Terry 35

Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnston, Phillip 36 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Etta 37 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Thad 19 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kenny G 14 Kent, Stacey 28 Kenton, Stan 21 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Kitt, Eartha 9 Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Koffman, Moe 34 Konitz, Lee 30 Kool & the Gang 58 Kowald, Peter 32 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Krupa, Gene 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lang, Eddie 60 Lateef, Yusef 16 Laws, Hubert 38 Lee, Peggy 8 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Liquid Soul 42 Little, Booker 36 Lloyd, Charles 22 London, Julie 32 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Lovano, Joe 13 Lynn, Vera 54 Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Mahogany, Kevin 26 Malone, Russell 27 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matsui, Keiko 35 Mayer, John 50 McBride, Christian 17 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McFerrin, Bobby 3 McKay, Nellie 61 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McRae, Carmen 9 McShann, Jay 41 Medeski, Martin & Wood 32 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mingus, Charles 9 Monheit, Jane 33 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moody, James 34 Moran, Jason 44 Moreira, Airto 44 Morgan, Frank 9 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mr. Bungle 58 Muhammad, Idris 40 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Music Revelation Ensemble 43 Najee 21 Nascimento, Milton 6 Navarro, Fats 25 Niacin 51 NOJO 47 Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norvo, Red 12 O’Day, Anita 21 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Oliver, King 15 Oregon 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Oxley, Tony 32 Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paris Combo 54 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Leon 27

Payton, Nicholas 27 Peacock, Gary 48 Pepper, Art 18 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pine, Courtney 51 Pizzarelli, John 50 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Portuondo, Omara 42 Powell, Bud 15 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Purim, Flora 45 Ralph Sharon Quartet 26 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Randolph, Boots 57 Ranelin, Phil 55 Rebirth Brass Band 35 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Reeves, Dianne 16 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Rich, Buddy 13 Rippingtons 38 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roberts, Marcus 6 Robillard, Duke 2 Robinson, Spike 62 Rodney, Red 14 Rollins, Sonny 7 Roney, Wallace 33 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Rumba Club 36 Rushen, Patrice 49 Rushing, Jimmy 37 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salvador, Henri 48 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Santamaria, Mongo 28

Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Parker, William 31 Pass, Joe 15 Paul, Les 2

Cumulative Subject Index • 223

Schweizer, Irène 46 Scofield, John 7 Scott, Jimmy 14 Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Sebesky, Don 33 Severinsen, Doc 1 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Woody 27 Shearing, George 28 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shepp, Archie 43 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Sia 64 Silva, Alan 45 Silver, Horace 19 Simone, Nina 11 Sims, Zoot 37 Sloane, Carol 36 Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Jocelyn B. 30 Smith, Tommy 28 Smith, Willie 58 Soft Machine 36 Solal, Martial 4 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Soulive 44 Spyro Gyra 34 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stitt, Sonny 59 Strayhorn, Billy 13 String Trio of New York 40 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Tabackin, Lew 47 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tate, Buddy 33 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teagarden, Jack 10 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terry, Clark 24 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thornton, Teri 28 Threadgill, Henry 9 Tin Hat Trio 41 Tisdale, Wayman 61 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Tristano, Lennie 30

Turner, Roger 32 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9

Truffaz, Erik 54

Zawinul, Joe 63

Tyner, McCoy 7 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble US3 18 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Valentin, Dave 33 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vitro, Roseanna 49 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, T-Bone 5 Wallace, Bennie 31 Washington, Dinah 5 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Watanabe, Sadao 39 Waters, Benny 58 Weather Report 19 Webb, Chick 14 Weber, Eberhard 41 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Whalum, Kirk 39 Whitaker, Rodney 20 White, Tony Joe 61 Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitfield, Weslia 39 Whittaker, Rodney 19 Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Paul 10 Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 World Saxophone Quartet 39 Wright, Lizz 56 Yellowjackets 36 Young, Jacob 64 Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Z, Rachel 40

Tuck & Patti 44

Zenón, Miguel 65

Schneider, Maria 48

Tucker, Sophie 12

Zonjic, Alexander 53

Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Turner, Big Joe 13

Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos

Turner, Mark 40

224 • Cumulative Subject Index

Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

To Rococo Rot 31 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waller, Fats 7 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wolf, Peter 31 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Worrell, Bernie 11 Wright, Rick 65 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Z, Rachel 40 Zawinul, Joe 63

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Secada, Jon 13 Segundo, Compay 45 Selena 16 Sete, Bola 26 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Simonal, Wilson 33 Solis, Marco 56 Son by Four 35 Soraya 46 Sosa, Mercedes 3 Tañón, Olga 39 Thalia 38 Tijuana No! 32 Torres, Nestor 36 Trevi, Gloria 29 Troilo, Aníbal 58 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdès, Chucho 25 Valentin, Dave 33 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Venegas, Julieta 62 Vives, Carlos 38 Zaa, Charlie 51 Zenón, Miguel 65

Smog 28

Fernandez, Alejandro 43

Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Fernández, Pedro 49

Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Frankie J. 58 Freeman, Chico 49 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gardel, Carlos 57 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Guerra, Juan 63 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jara, Victor 59 Jordan, Esteban 49 Jorge, Seu 58 Juanes 43 Kumbia Kings 52 La India 35 La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Lee, Rita 37 Lins, Ivan 58 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Los Bukis 63 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Palominos 53 Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Maná 37 Martin, Ricky 26 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Midon, Raul 57 Molina, Juana 53 Molotov 47 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Moré, Beny 57 Moreno, Jorge 54 Nascimento, Milton 6 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Perez, Danilo 25 Portuondo, Omara 42 Prado, Pérez 53 Puente, Tito 14 Rodrigues, Virginia 48 Rosario 43 Rubio, Paulina 39

Fernandez, Vicente 42

Rumba Club 36

Baker, Josephine 10

Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36

Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Saluzzi, Dino 23

Ball, Michael 43

San Basilio, Paloma 60

Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Sánchez, David 40

Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Juju Adé, King Sunny 18 Adewale, Segun 50 Obey, Ebenezer 49

Keyboards, Electric Air 33 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Auger, Brian 63 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bley, Paul 14 Blue Six 64 Brown, Tony 14 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Dolby, Thomas 10 Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Froom, Mitchell 15 Hammer, Jan 21 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hot Chip 64 Hyman, Dick 39 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jem 65 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Kid606 36 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 LCD Soundsystem 64 Man or Astroman? 21 McVie, Christine 53 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Merzbow 31 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Orbital 20 Palmer, Jeff 20

Latin Music Aguilar, Pepe 62 Alcione 51 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Aterciopelados 38 Baca, Susana 32 Bacilos 48 Banda el Recodo 56 Barretto, Ray 37 Bega, Lou 36 Beltrán, Lola 48 Bermúdez, Obie 63 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bosé, Miguel 40 Café Tacuba 45 Calle 13 65 Canales, Laura 56 Carr, Vikki 28 Carvalho, Beth 60 Caymmi, Dorival 65 Chayanne 44 Chia, Enrique 54 Colon, Willie 37 Conjunto Bernal 63 Crespo, Elvis 36 Cristian 40 Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cugat, Xavier 23 Downs, Lila 49 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 El Gran Combo 39 Elias, Eliane 50

Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19

Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Shaffer, Paul 13

Feliciano, José 10

Riley, Terry 32

Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Thievery Corporation 31

Sandoval, Arturo 62

Liturgical Music Cooney, Rory 6 Talbot, John Michael 6

Mandolin Baldassari, Butch 43 Bromberg, David 18 Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haynie, Aubrey 46 Lawson, Doyle 55 Lindley, David 2 Monroe, Bill 1 Rowan, Peter 51 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9

Musicals Allen, Debbie 8 Allen, Peter 11 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews Sisters, The 9 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bailey, Pearl 5

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Berlin, Irving 8 Boone, Debby 46 Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burnett, Carol 6 Carter, Nell 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevalier, Maurice 6 Crawford, Michael 4 Crosby, Bing 6 Curry, Tim 3 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Day, Doris 24 Eder, Linda 30 Garland, Judy 6 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Guettel, Adam 56 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Headley, Heather 37 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Johnson, James P. 16 Jolson, Al 10 Kander, John 33 Kern, Jerome 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Laliberté, Guy 51 Lerner and Loewe 13 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Love, Darlene 46 LuPone, Patti 8 Martin, Mary 27 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 McDonald, Audra 36 Menken, Alan 10 Mercer, Johnny 13 Merman, Ethel 27 Moore, Melba 7 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Porter, Cole 10 Ritter, Tex 37 Robeson, Paul 8 Rodgers, Richard 9 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Shaffer, Paul 13 Short, Bobby 55 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strouse, Charles 43

Wildhorn, Frank 31 Yeston, Maury 22

Oboe Lateef, Yusef 16 Rothwell, Evelyn 35

Opera

Cumulative Subject Index • 225

Norman, Jessye 7 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Price, Leontyne 6 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Ramey, Samuel 51 Safina, Alessandro 42 Scholl, Andreas 38 Sills, Beverly 5 Solti, Georg 13 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tan Dun 33 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2 Terfel, Bryn 31 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Varnay, Astrid 60 Voigt, Deborah 42 von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 von Stade, Frederica 48 Watson, Russell 37 Weill, Kurt 12 Zimmerman, Udo 5

Puente, Tito 14 Quaye, Finley 30 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Rich, Buddy 13 Roach, Max 12 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Singh, Talvin 44 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Turner, Roger 32 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Webb, Chick 14

Styne, Jule 21

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Álvarez, Marcelo 45 Ameling, Elly 24 Amici Forever 57 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Battle, Kathleen 6 Beltrán, Tito 28 Blegen, Judith 23 Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Bonney, Barbara 33 Börtz, Daniel 52 Bumbry, Grace 13 Caballe, Monserrat 23 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Callas, Maria 11 Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Caruso, Enrico 10 Chanticleer 33 Church, Charlotte 28 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Davis, Anthony 17 Dessay, Natalie 64 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Eaglen, Jane 36 Evans, Anne 46 Fleming, Renee 24 Freni, Mirella 14 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gheorghiu, Angela 38 Graham, Susan 40 Graves, Denyce 16 Groban, Josh 47 Gruber, Andrea 54 Hadley, Jerry 64 Hampson, Thomas 12 Hendricks, Barbara 10 Heppner, Ben 23 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horne, Marilyn 9 Il Divo 61 Jo, Sumi 37 Licitra, Salvatore 46 Malfitano, Catherine 45 Mattila, Karita 48 McNair, Sylvia 15

Warfield, William 33

Menotti, Gian Carlo 37

Otis, Johnny 16

Bley, Paul 14

Waters, Ethel 11

Moffo, Anna 59

Oxley, Tony 32

Bolcom, William 54

Weill, Kurt 12

Netrebko, Anna 49

Palmieri, Eddie 15

Bolling, Claude 49

Whiting, Margaret 28

Nilsson, Birgit 31

Parker, Leon 27

Booker, James 62

Percussion Aronoff, Kenny 21 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Barretto, Ray 37 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blakey, Art 11 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Connors, Norman 30 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The DeJohnette, Jack 7 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Gurtu, Trilok 29 Hampton, Lionel 6

Piano Abbuehl, Susanne 62 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Adamson, Barry 28 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander, Monty 59 Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Allen, Geri 10 Allison, Mose 17 Alperin, Misha 64 Ammons, Albert 53 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Ax, Emanuel 65 Axton, Hoyt 28 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barber, Patricia 40 Barenboim, Daniel 30

Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The

Barron, Kenny 37

Henley, Don 3

Basie, Count 2

Hussain, Zakir 32

Baxter, Les 47

Ibarra, Susie 55

Ben Folds Five 20

Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Philly Joe 16

Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons

Jones, Spike 5

Berlin, Irving 8

Krupa, Gene 13

Bey, Andy 45

Mo’, Keb’ 21

Blake, Eubie 19

Moreira, Airto 44

Blake, Ran 38

N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Barth, Bruce 50

226 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Borge, Victor 19 Boulanger, Nadia 56 Bratke, Marcelo 52 Brendel, Alfred 23 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brubeck, Dave 8 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Buechner, Sara 53 Burns, Ralph 37 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byard, Jaki 56 Caine, Uri 31 Cardew, Cornelius 56 Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Chia, Enrique 54 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clayderman, Richard 1 Cleveland, James 1 Cliburn, Van 13 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Nat King 3 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Coltrane, Alice 52 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Cullum, Jamie 56 Davies, Dennis Russell 24 DeGraw, Gavin 64 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Domino, Fats 2 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Elias, Eliane 50 Ellington, Duke 2 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Feinstein, Michael 6

Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Frey, Glenn 3 Gaillard, Slim 31 Galás, Diamanda 16 Garner, Erroll 25 Gayle, Charles 35 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Gould, Glenn 9 Green, Benny 17 Grimaud, Hélène 35 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Teddy 22 Helfgott, David 19 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Hill, Andrew 41 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Horn, Shirley 7 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hough, Stephen 40 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 James, Skip 24 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnson/last , Johnnie 56 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Norah 48

Earlier sketch in CM 6 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kurtág, György 54 Lanz, David 42 Legend, John 61 Levine, James 8 Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Liberace 9 Line, Lorie 34 Little Richard 1 Lupu, Radu 36 MacDermot, Galt 49 MacGregor, Joanna 41 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Matsui, Keiko 35 Matthews, Eric 22 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McRae, Carmen 9 McShann, Jay 41 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Mingus, Charles 9 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Moran, Jason 44 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Nero, Peter 19 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nile, Willie 31 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Peeters, Flor 51 Pennario, Leonard 65 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perez, Danilo 25 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Peterson, Oscar 11 Pires, Maria João 26 Post, Mike 21 Powell, Bud 15 Pratt, Awadagin 19 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Quaye, Finley 30 Rangell, Andrew 24

Feldman, Morton 42

Joplin, Scott 10

Rich, Charlie 3

Ferrell, Rachelle 17

Kater, Peter 35

Riley, Terry 32

Five for Fighting 36

Kenton, Stan 21

Roberts, Marcus 6

Flack, Roberta 5

Keys, Alicia 46

Rosnes, Renée 44

Flanagan, Tommy 16

Kissin, Evgeny 55

Rubinstein, Arthur 11

Russell, Leon 35 Russell, Mark 6 Rzewski, Frederic 57 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schweizer, Irène 46 Sedaka, Neil 4 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shepard, Vonda 35 Shipp, Matthew 31 Short, Bobby 55 Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Slean, Sarah 65 Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Willie 58 Solal, Martial 4 Solti, Georg 13 Spann, Otis 18 Spektor, Regina 60 Spivey, Victoria 44 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teng, Vienna 55 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Thornton, Teri 28 Tiersen, Yann 59 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tureck, Rosalyn 46 Tyner, McCoy 7 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Vangelis 21 Van Hove, Fred 30 Volodos, Arcadi 28 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Waller, Fats 7 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Also see Traffic Wirtz, Billy 62 Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yancey, Jimmy 54 Young, La Monte 16

Cumulative Subject Index • 227

Astley, Rick 5 Atari Teenage Riot 27 A*Teens 36 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atomic Fireballs, The 27 Austin, Sherrié 34 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Automatic, The 63 Autumn Defense, The 64 Avalon, Frankie 5 Ayers, Kevin 58 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Backstreet Boys 21 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Baha Men 32 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Arthur 23 Ball, Michael 43 Bananarama 22 Bangles 22 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Barrino, Fantasia 61 Basia 5 Bauhaus 27 BBMak 38 Beach Boys, The 1 Beach House 65 Beat Happening 28 Beatles, The 2 Beau Brummels 39 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bega, Lou 36 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Bell X1 64 Belly 16 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benson, Brendan 55 Benson, George 9 Benton, Brook 7 Beta Band, The 27 Better Than Ezra 19 Beulah 48 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Big Star 36

Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blink 182 27 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Blue Man Group 44 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bluetones, The 29 Blunt, James 63 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boo Radleys, The 21 Bosé, Miguel 40 Boston 11 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Boyz II Men 15 Boyzone 40 Bragg, Billy 7 Branca, Glenn 29 Branigan, Laura 2 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brazilian Girls 65 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Bright Eyes 42 Brion, Jon 52 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Foxy 25 Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bruni, Carla 64 Bryson, Peabo 11 Bublé, Michael 64 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War

Clarkson, Kelly 53

Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The

Burroughs, William S. 26

Clooney, Rosemary 9

B*Witched 33

Club Nouveau 62

Cabaret Voltaire 18

Coasters, The 5

Arnold, Eddy 10

Black, Jully 64

Cabrera, Ryan 58

Cobra Starship 64

Artifacts 23

Black Eyed Peas 45

Cameo 60

Ash 34

Blegvad, Peter 28

Campbell, Glen 2

Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Ashcroft, Richard 55

Blige, Mary J. 64

Campbell, Tevin 13

Cocteau Twins, The 12

Piccolo Galway, James 3

Pop Abba 12 Abdul, Paula 3 Adam Ant 13 Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adler, Larry 35 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30 A-ha 22 Aiken, Clay 60 Air 33 Air Supply 22 Akon 61 All-4-One 17 All Saints 25 Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Aly & AJ 63 Amante, Michael 61 A-Mei 40 America 16 Ames, Ed 31 Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews Sisters, The 9 Anggun 60 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 A1 41 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Aqua 34 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arena, Tina 21 Armatrading, Joan 4

Bunton, Emma 54

Cantrell, Blu 45 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cardigans 19 Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Carll, Hayes 65 Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carnes, Kim 4 Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters Carpenters 13 Carr, Vikki 28 Carroll, Dina 31 Carter, Aaron 35 Case, Peter 13 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catatonia 29 Chad & Jeremy 62 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chanticleer 33 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Tracy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chayanne 44 Checker, Chubby 7 Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chiffons, The 43 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Chordettes, The 34 Cibo Matto 28 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Petula 40 Clayderman, Richard 1 Click Five, The 64

228 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cohn, Marc 43 Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Paula 20 Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Color Me Badd 23 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Commodores, The 23 Como, Perry 14 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Conniff, Ray 37 Connor, Chris 30 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Cope, Julian 16 Cornell, Don 30 Cornershop 24 Corrs, The 32 Costa, Matt 64 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crash Test Dummies 14 Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crespo, Elvis 36 Cristian 40 Croce, Jim 3 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cross, Christopher 60 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Crystal Method, The 35 Culture Club 37 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Cute Is What We Aim For 65 Cyrus, Miley 64 Daft Punk 33 Dalaras, George 40

D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 Darin, Bobby 4 Dave, Edmunds 28 Dave Clark Five, The 12 David, Craig 42 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Davis, Skeeter 15 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 dB’s, The 37 Death Cab For Cutie 49 DeBarge, El 14 Decemberists, The 55 DeFrancesco, Joey 29 Del Amitri 18 Delerium 37 Delirious? 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dells, The 30 Del Rubio Triplets 21 Del Vikings, The 35 Denny, Martin 44 Denver, John 1 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 Destroyer 51 Devo 13 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dido 46 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Dion 4 Dismemberment Plan 58 Ditty Bops, The 59 Divine Comedy, The 32 Doc Pomus 14 Donnas, The 33 Donovan 9 Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Dr. Dog 62 Dream Syndicate 53 Drifters, The 38 Droge, Pete 24 Dubstar 22 Duff, Hilary 52 Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Dalton, Nic 31

Dury, Ian 30

Easton, Sheena 2 Eder, Linda 30 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Elastica 29 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elfman, Danny 9 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 En Vogue 10 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan and Jaron 38 Everly Brothers, The 2 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Exposé 4 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabian 5 Faith, Percy 43 Faithless 37 Falkner, Jason 57 Farnham, John 32 Fatboy Slim 22 Feliciano, José 10 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferry, Bryan 1 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fifth Dimension 36 Fine Young Cannibals 22 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Fisher, Eddie 12 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flack, Roberta 5 Flamingos, The 36 Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Fogelberg, Dan 4 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Fordham, Julia 15 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Four Lads, The 41 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie

Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The

Dylan, Bob 58

Francis, Connie 10

Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Frankie Goes To Hollywood 31

Hardy, Françoise 43

Damone, Vic 33

Earlimart 54

Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The

Daniel Amos 44

Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12

French Kicks 60

Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie

Danielson 59

Frey, Glenn 3

Also see Eagles, The Full Force 36 Furtado, Nelly 47 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Gary, John 65 Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaynor, Gloria 36 Geldof, Bob 9 Genesis 4 George, Inara 65 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gift, Roland 3 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilmore, Thea 48 Gin Blossoms 18 Ginsberg, Allen 26 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goldfrapp 59 Gong 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Goodrem, Delta 65 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gore, Lesley 35 Gorillaz 42 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Gogi 28 Grass Roots, The 62 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Groove Armada 39 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Gym Class Heroes 62 Haack, Bruce 37 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammond, Albert 65 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hanson 20 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardiman, Ronan 35

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Haymes, Dick 36 Haza, Ofra 29 Headley, Heather 37 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Herman’s Hermits 5 Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hinder 65 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horn, Trevor 33 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hudgens, Vanessa 65 Human League, The 17 Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Il Divo 61 Imbruglia, Natalie 27 Immaculate Machine 62 Impressions, The 36 Incubus 23 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ingram, James 11 Ink Spots, The 23 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Also see Jacksons, The Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 James, Harry 11 James, Joni 30 James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 James 12 Jan & Dean 32 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jazz Butcher, The 30 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jellyfish 54 Jem 65 Jesus Jones 23 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 Johansen, Kevin 48 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnston, Freedy 20 JoJo 61 Jolson, Al 10 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Tom 11 Joplin, Janis 3 Jordanaires, The 44 Joy Electric 26 Kaas, Patricia 41 Katrina and the Waves 48 Kaye, Carol 22 KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kelis 48 Kelley, Josh 64 Kelly, Paul 40 Khaled 33 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kid606 36

Cumulative Subject Index • 229

Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kitt, Eartha 9 Knife, The 61 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Komeda 52 Kool & the Gang 13 Kraftwerk 9 Krebs, Pete 43 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Kula Shaker 47 Kweller, Ben 57 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Ladytron 65 Laika 47 La India 35 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavigne, Avril 50 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, CoCo 36 Leftfield 29 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Lerche, Sondre 50 Le Tigre 55 Lettermen, The 30 Lewis, Huey 9 Liberace 9 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Lightning Seeds 21 Lisa Lisa 23 Little Eva 48

Lohan, Lindsay 60 London, Julie 32 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lord, Mary Lou 54 Loud Family, The 31 Love as Laughter 65 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Lulu 32 Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lush 13 Lynne, Jeff 5 Maal, Baaba 37 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Magnetic Fields, The 28 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Barry 30 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Maroon 5 54 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martin, Dean 1 Martin, George 6 Martin, Mary 27 Martin, Ricky 26 Martinez, Angie 43 Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Mathis, Johnny 2 Mathosa, Lebo 61 Mazzy Star 17 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McCoo, Marilyn 62

Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19

McDonald, Audra 36

King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6

Logan, Jack 27

McGuire Sisters, The 27

Kingsmen, The 34

Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3

McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block

Kings of Convenience 51 Kiss 25

McFerrin, Bobby 3

McKay, Nellie 61

230 • Cumulative Subject Index

McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12 Melcher, Terry 53 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Merchant, Natalie 25 Mercury Rev 28 Merman, Ethel 27 Michael, George 49 Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mike & the Mechanics 17 Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Roger 4 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills Brothers, The 14 Minekawa, Takako 53 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minogue, Kylie 32 Minton, Phil 29 Minus 5, The 51 Missing Persons 39 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mojave 3 26 Moloko 37 Momus 47 Money, Eddie 16 Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monkees, The 7 Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Mandy 35 Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Morcheeba 25 Morgan, Jane 30 Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morrison, Jim 3 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Mui, Anita 48 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Murray, Anne 4 Mya 32 My Bloody Valentine 29 Myles, Alannah 4 Nada Surf 57 Na Leo 38 Naté, Ultra 34 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Negativland 30 Nelly 40 N.E.R.D. 65 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 New Kids on the Block 3 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 New Pornographers 57 New Radicals, The 57 Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 98 Degrees 32 Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Nixon, Mojo 32 Noa 65 No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Norman, Bebo 58 ’N Sync 25 Numan, Gary 47 Nyro, Laura 12 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Orbit, William 30 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 Orlando, Tony 15 Orton, Beth 26 Osborne, Joan 19 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osmond, Donny 3 O-Town 44 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Page, Patti 11 Papas Fritas 29 Paradis, Vanessa 50 Paramore 65 Paris Combo 54 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parsons, Alan 12 Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Pastels, The 45 Paul, Prince 29 Paul, Sean 42 Pausini, Laura 42 Pedro the Lion 57 Peebles, Ann 30 Peel, John 43 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Pernice Brothers 33 Perry, Linda 38 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Phillips, Sam 12 Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Phoenix 59 Piaf, Edith 8 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Pitney, Gene 39 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plain White T’s 65 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57

Prewitt, Archer 57 Priest, Maxi 20 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Proclaimers, The 13 Prodigy 22 Propellerheads 26 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Queen 6 Quickspace 30 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Reed, Dean 38 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rentals, The 50 Republica 20 Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rice, Damien 50 Richard, Cliff 14 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Riders in the Sky 33 Rihanna 59 Riley, Teddy 14 Rilo Kiley 52 Robbins, Marty 9 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rockapella 34 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rolling Stones 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Rosario 43 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The

Odds 20

Pointer Sisters, The 9

Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen

Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Polyphonic Spree, The 51

Roxette 23

Porter, Cole 10

Royal Crown Revue 33

Of Montreal 56

Rubio, Paulina 39

Plus One 43

Mraz, Jason 52

O’Hara, Mary 47

Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Mr. Bungle 58

Oingo Boingo 39

Portuondo, Omara 42

RuPaul 20

M2M 42

Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Powter, Daniel 65 Prefab Sprout 15

Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Oldfield, Mike 18

Presley, Elvis 1

Safina, Alessandro 42

Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Ruffin, David 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Subject Index • 231

Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saint Etienne 28 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Savage Garden 32 Scissor Sisters 61 S Club 7 37 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Seals & Crofts 3 Searchers, The 41 Secada, Jon 13 Sedaka, Neil 4 Selena 16 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shamen, The 23 Shangri-Las, The 35 Shearing, George 28 SHeDAISY 36 Sheep on Drugs 27 Sheik, Duncan 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Shepard, Vonda 35 Shins, The 52 Shirelles, The 11 Shonen Knife 13 Shore, Dinah 36 Siberry, Jane 6 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Slean, Sarah 65 Smith, Elliott 28

Soft Cell 43 Son by Four 35 Songs: Ohia 49 Sonny and Cher 24 Soraya 46 Soul Coughing 21 Spaniels, The 43 Sparks 18 Spears, Britney 28 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Spektor, Regina 60 Spice Girls 22 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Spring Heel Jack 30 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stafford, Jo 24 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Kay 27 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stefani, Gwen 63 Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stereo MC’s 34 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stockwood, Kim 26 Story, The 13 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Studdard, Ruben 61 Sturr, Jimmy 33 Suede 20 Sum 41 38 Summer, Donna 12

Smith, Keely 29

Sundays, The 20

Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Smiths, The 3

Sunset Valley 31

Ultravox 38

Wilson, Jackie 3

Sneaker Pimps 60

Superchunk 29

Uncle Kracker 42

Snow, Pheobe 4

Super Furry Animals 28

Sobule, Jill 20

Supremes, The 6

Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23

Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Surfaris, The 23 Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Swell 31 Swift, Taylor 65 Swing Out Sister 40 Switches 64 SWV 14 Sylvian, David 27 Taking Back Sunday 58 Talking Heads 1 Talk Talk 19 Tañón, Olga 39 Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Steve 26 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Tegan and Sara 58 Temptations, The 3 10,000 Maniacs 3 Texas 27 Thalia 38 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7 Thievery Corporation 31 Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Thompson Twins 43 Three Dog Night 5 Tiffany 4 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Timberlake, Justin 60 Timbuk 3 3 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Tokio Hotel 65 Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Tozzi, Umberto 64 Traore, Rokia 53 Trevi, Gloria 29 Tse, Nicholas 44 Tumes, Michelle 37 Tunstall, KT 61 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turtles, The 29

Utada, Hikaru 62 Vale, Jerry 30 Valli, Frankie 10 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vanessa-Mae 26 Vannelli, Gino 52 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28 Velvet Crush 28 Veronicas, The 63 Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Vinton, Bobby 12 Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33 Wainwright, Martha 65 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Walker, Natalie 65 Walsh, Joe 5 Warnes, Jennifer 3 Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Washington, Dinah 5 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Weather Girls, The 52 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Weller, Paul 65 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Also see Jam, The Wemba, Papa 40 Westlife 33 Whiting, Margaret 28 Whittaker, Roger 41 Who, The 3 Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Williams, Andy 2 Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The

Wilson Phillips 5

232 • Cumulative Subject Index

Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Womack, Bobby 5 Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wright, Rick 65 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young, Tata 61 Young M.C. 4

Producers Ackerman, Will 3 Adler, Lou 58 Afanasieff, Walter 26 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Austin, Dallas 16 Avant 54 Axelrod, David 34 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Banner, David 58 Bass, Ralph 24 Beldon, Bob 62 Benitez, Jellybean 15 Brann, Chris 63 Brion, Jon 52 Bristol, Johnny 62 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Pete 62 Brown, Tony 14 Browne, Jackson 3 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Child, Desmond 30 Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Clarke, Stanley 3 Clement, Jack 57 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Cohen, Lyor 29 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cowell, Simon 52 Cropper, Steve 12 Crowell, Rodney 8 Dalton, Nic 31 Danger Mouse 59 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davies, Gail 38 Dickinson, Jim 59 Dimitri from Paris 43 Dixon, Willie 10 DJ Krush 60 Dolby, Thomas 10 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Dust Brothers 32 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eicher, Manfred 38 Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Fripp, Robert 9 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Garnier, Laurent 29 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granz, Norman 37 Gray, F. Gary 19 Grusin, Dave 7 Hammond, Albert 65 Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Horn, Trevor 33 Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iovine, Jimmy 46 Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Randy 64 Jazze Pha 58 Jerkins, Rodney 38 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Jones, Donell 43

Connors, Norman 30

Jordan, Montell 26

Cornelius 44 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Krasnow, Bob 15 Lange, Mutt 47 Lanois, Daniel 8 Lasar, Mars 39 Laswell, Bill 14 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lil’ Jon 52 Lillywhite, Steve 13 Lloyd, Bill 62 Lynne, Jeff 5 Madlib 48 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marley, Rita 10 Martin, George 6 Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McKnight, Brian 22 McLaren, Malcolm 23 Meek, Joe 46 Melcher, Terry 53 MF Doom 54 Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM Miller, Mitch 11 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM Earlier sketch in CM Moroder, Giorgio 63 Most, Mickie 29 Neptunes, The 45 Nevil, Robbie 61 Oakenfold, Paul 32 Orbit, William 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM Pablo, Augustus 37 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parsons, Alan 12 Paul, Prince 29 Post, Mike 21 Prefuse 73 56 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM Earlier sketch in CM Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM Reid, Antonio 44 Riley, Teddy 14 RJD2 54 Robertson, Robbie 2 Rock, Pete 64 Rodgers, Nile 8 Rose, Fred 58 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM

38

27 17

21

14 1

Scruggs, Randy 28 Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shocklee, Hank 15 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Singh, Talvin 44 Size, Roni 31 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Storch, Scott 61 Sure!, Al B. 13 Sweat, Keith 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Tall Paul 36 Talmy, Shel 52 Timbaland 42 Too $hort 16 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tricky 18 Tyrell, Steve 52 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vasquez, Junior 16 Vig, Butch 17 Visconti, Tony 53 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22 Weiser, Ronny 58 West, Kanye 58 Wexler, Jerry 15 Whelan, Bill 20 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, J. 63 Willner, Hal 10 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winbush, Angela 15

6

Wolf, Peter 31 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Promoters Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cohen, Lyor 29 9

Cowell, Simon 52

Rundgren, Todd 11

Geldof, Bob 9

RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan

Graham, Bill 10

Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Saadiq, Raphael 52

Meek, Joe 46

Salem, Kevin 32

King Tubby 51

Sawhney, Nitin 46

Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Hay, George D. 3

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Walden, Phil 59

Cumulative Subject Index • 233

Also see N.W.A. E-40 46 Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 EPMD 10 Eric B. and Rakim 9 ESG 45 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eve 34 Fabolous 47 Fat Boys, The 47 Fat Joe 42 50 Cent 55 Franti, Michael 16 Fugees, The 17 Gang Starr 13 Geto Boys, The 11 Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Gnarls Barkley 64 Goodie Mob 24 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Gravediggaz 23 Hammer, M.C. 5 Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Heavy D 10 House of Pain 14 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Insane Clown Posse 22 Jackson, Millie 14 Jadakiss 51 Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jazze Pha 58 Jeru the Damaja 33 Jurassic 5 42 Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Kardinal Offishall 61 Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Knight, Suge 15 Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Kool Moe Dee 9 Krayzie Bone 63 Kris Kross 11 KRS-One 8 Kurupt 35 Kweli, Talib 43

Lil’ Wayne 59 L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Love, G. 24 Ludacris 38 Lupe Fiasco 64 Madlib 48 Mario 55 Martinez, Angie 43 Mase 27 Masta Ace 40 Master P 22 MC Breed 17 MC Eiht 27 MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 MC Serch 10 Method Man 31 MF Doom 54 M.I.A. 63 Monch, Pharoahe 29 M.O.P. 34 Mos Def 41 Mystikal 29 Nappy Roots 46 Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nate Dogg 51 Naughty by Nature 11 Nelly 40 Notorious B.I.G. 20 N.W.A. 6 Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan OutKast 33 Panjabi MC 46 Peaches 46 People Under The Stairs 39 Pharcyde, The 17 P.M. Dawn 11 Princess Superstar 39 Project Pat 65 Public Enemy 4 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Redman 35 Riley, Teddy 14 Rock, Pete 64 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Ross, Rick 61 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Run DMC 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD 7L & Esoteric 63 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shanté 10 Shocklee, Hank 15 Shyne 54 Sigel, Beanie 55 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Slick Rick 27 Slum Village 51 Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Snow 23 Spearhead 19 Special Ed 16 Streets, The 50 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sure!, Al B. 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Three 6 Mafia 59 T.I. 56 Timbaland 42 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 Tone-Loc 3 Too $hort 16 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Tricky 18 Trina 41 Tweet 55 Twista 54 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Uncle Kracker 42 Usher 23 US3 18

RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan

Abner, Ewart 41

Lady Sovereign 61

Salt-N-Pepa 6

Adler, Lou 58

D12 57

Last Poets 21

Santana, Juelz 58

Allison, Joe 42

Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30

Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The

Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Eazy-E 13

Lil Scrappy 62

Scott-Heron, Gil 13

Blackwell, Chris 26

Ragtime Johnson, James P. 16 Joplin, Scott 10

Rap Akon 61 Arrested Development 14 Atmosphere 63 Austin, Dallas 16 AZ 44 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Banks, Lloyd 60 Banner, David 58 Basehead 11 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Big Punisher 43 Big Tymers, The 42 Biz Markie 10 Blackalicious 39 Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Sheep 15 Bleek, Memphis 56 Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bow Wow 45 Brother Ali 63 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Buck 65 56 Busta Rhymes 62 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Campbell, Luther 10 Cam’ron 39 Cappadonna 43 Cassidy 57 Cee-Lo 49 Cherry, Neneh 4 Chingy 53 Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Coolio 19 Cypress Hill 11 Da Brat 30 Das EFX 14 Dead Prez 54 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Del the Funky Homosapien 30 Digable Planets 15 Digital Underground 9 Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DMX 25 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A.

Vanilla Ice 6 Warren G 33 West, Kanye 58 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Wu-Tang Clan 19 Xzibit 31 Ying Yang Twins 57 Young Jeezy 61 Young M.C. 4 Yo Yo 9

Record Company Executives Ackerman, Will 3

234 • Cumulative Subject Index

Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Tony 14 Busby, Jheryl 9 Caparro, Jim 62 Chess, Leonard 24 Cohen, Lyor 29 Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Cowell, Simon 52 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Clive 14 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eicher, Manfred 38 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Geffen, David 8 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Granz, Norman 37 Hammond, John 6 Harley, Bill 7 Harrell, Andre 16 Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iovine, Jimmy 46 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Knight, Suge 15 Koppelman, Charles 14 Krasnow, Bob 15 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lil’ Wayne 59 LiPuma, Tommy 18 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Marley, Rita 10 Martin, George 6 Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meek, Joe 46 Mercer, Johnny 13 Miller, Mitch 11 Mingus, Charles 9 Mottola, Tommy 36 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ostin, Mo 17 Penner, Fred 10 Perry, Ted 53

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Matisyahu 59 Minott, Sugar 31 Mowatt, Judy 46 Mystic Revealers 16 Pablo, Augustus 37 Paragons, The 53 Paul, Sean 42 Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52 Quaye, Finley 30 Ranks, Shabba 38 Sanchez 38 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sherwood, Adrian 31 Silk, Garnett 39 Sizzla 36 Skatalites, The 18 Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Steel Pulse 14 Third World 13 Toots and the Maytals 36 Tosh, Peter 3 UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 U-Roy 37 Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wonder, Wayne 43 Yellowman 42

Inner Circle 15

Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Israel Vibration 21

Baker, LaVern 25

Kelly, Junior 49 King Tubby 51

Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Kitchener, Lord 29

Ballard, Hank 17

Lady Saw 41

Baltimore, Charli 54

Phillips, Sam 5

Levy, Barrington 45

Basehead 11

Reid, Antonio 44

Livingstone, Dandy 52

Bass, Fontella 49

Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bishop, Elvin 41 Black, Jully 64 Blackstreet 23 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Blessid Union of Souls 20 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blues Brothers, The 3 Bofill, Angela 57 Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Booker, James 62 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Box Tops, The 44 Boyz II Men 15 Brandy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brown, Chris 64 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brownstone 21 Bryson, Peabo 11 B2K 42 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Busby, Jheryl 9 Cameo 60 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Tevin 13 Cantrell, Blu 45 Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carr, James 23 Case 38 C + C Music Factory 16 Chandler, Gene 46 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ciara 61 Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clovers, The 42 Club Nouveau 62 Cole, Keyshia 64 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Color Me Badd 23 Commodores, The 23 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The

Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails

Long Beach Dub All Stars 58

Becker, Margaret 31

Costa, Nikka 56

Luciano 41

Crawford, Randy 25

Rhone, Sylvia 13

Marley, Bob 3

Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Marley, Damian 39

Benét, Eric 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Curtis, King 17

Robinson, Sylvia 55 Rose, Fred 58 Roumain, Daniel 54 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Size, Roni 31 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Talmy, Shel 52 Teller, Al 15 Too $hort 16 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Walden, Phil 59 Waronker, Simon 57 Weiser, Ronny 58 Wexler, Jerry 15 Williams, J. 63 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Reggae Akon 61 Aswad 34 Bad Brains 16 Banton, Buju 35 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Beenie Man 33 Big Mountain 23 Big Youth 43 Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Blondy, Alpha 40 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Dennis 29 Burning Spear 15 Calderón, Tego 53 Capleton 40 Christafari 51 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Coco Tea 36 Congos, The 58 Dairo, I.K. 48 Dekker, Desmond 57 Delgado, Junior 46 Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50 Dub Trio 63 Dube, Lucky 17 Elephant Man 48 Griffiths, Marcia 45

Marley, Rita 10

Rhythm and Blues/Soul Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Abdul, Paula 3 Adams, Johnny 33 Adams, Oleta 17 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Akon 61 Alexander, Arthur 14 All-4-One 17 Amerie 56 Ashanti 65 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Association, The 59 Austin, Dallas 16 Avant 54 Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Cropper, Steve 12 D’Angelo 20

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 David, Craig 42 Davis, Billy 52 DeBarge, Chico 53 DeBarge, El 14 Del Vikings, The 35 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Diddley, Bo 3 Domino, Fats 2 Downing, Will 39 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dru Hill 25 Dub Trio 63 Dwele 65 Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eartha 44 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 En Vogue 10 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Everett, Betty 47 Evora, Cesaria 19 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Floetry 49 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Foxx, Jamie 62 Frankie J. 58 Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Funk Brothers 42 Gaye, Marvin 4 Gill, Johnny 20 Ginuwine 34 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Vivian 57 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hathaway, Donny 42 Hathaway, Lalah 65 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holloway, Brenda 45 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Cumulative Subject Index • 235

Hyman, Phyllis 49 Incognito 16 India.Arie 41 Ingram, James 11 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 Jaheim 42 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 John, Willie 25 Johnson, Donnie 48 Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Syleena 49 Jon B. 41 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch CM 2 Jordan, Louis 11 Jordan, Montell 26 K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Kelis 48 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Keys, Alicia 46 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Earl 44 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Kool & the Gang 13 Kool & the Gang 58 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lance, Major 58 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lattimore, Kenny 51

Lil’ Mo 44 Little Eva 48 Lloyd 65 Los Lobos 2 Love, G. 24 Lumidee 62 Lyfe 58 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mario 55 Martha and the Vandellas 25 Maxwell 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McDonald, Michael 59 McKnight, Brian 22 McPhatter, Clyde 25 Also see Drifters, The Medley, Bill 3 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Milian, Christina 53 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills, Stephanie 21 Mint Condition 29 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monifah 24 Moonglows, The 33 Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Melba 7 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Muhammad, Idris 40 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mya 32 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Nesby, Ann 57 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 Ne-Yo 62 Ocean, Billy 4 Ohio Players 16 O’Jays, The 13 Omarion 62 112 49 Orioles, The 35 Otis, Johnny 16 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Perry, Phil 24 Phillips, Esther 46 Pickett, Wilson 10 Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Platters, The 25 Pointer Sisters, The 9 Price, Kelly 34

Redding, Otis 5 Reese, Della 13 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Reid, Antonio 44 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Rihanna 59 Riley, Teddy 14 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Ronettes, The 45 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Rowland, Kelly 64 Ruff Endz 41 Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The Rushen, Patrice 49 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Sam and Dave 8 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Secada, Jon 13 Shai 23 Shanice 14 Sharpe, Ray 53 Shaw, Marlena 53 Shirelles, The 11 Shocklee, Hank 15 Silk 26 Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sister Sledge 37 Sledge, Percy 15 Sly & the Family Stone 24 Soul II Soul 17 Spinners, The 21 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Pops 11 Staton, Candi 45 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stone, Angie 37 Stone, Joss 52 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone

Price, Lloyd 25

Subdudes, The 18

Priest, Maxi 20

Supremes, The 6

LaVette, Bettye 58

Sure!, Al B. 13

Strehli, Angela 58 Studdard, Ruben 61

Howard, Miki 38

Legend, Johnny 58

Howland, Don 24

Legend, John 61

Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Hunter, James 65

Les Nubians 45

Rainey, Ma 22

Tamia 34

Hurt, Mississippi John 24

Levert, Gerald 35

Rawls, Lou 60

Tate, Howard 45

Sweat, Keith 13 SWV 14

236 • Cumulative Subject Index

Teena Marie 49 Temptations, The 3 Terrell, Tammi 49 Third World 13 Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Thornton, Big Mama 18 3LW 44 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Troy, Doris 47 Truth Hurts 50 Turner, Ike and Tina 24 Turner, Ike 62 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Tweet 55 Tyrese 34 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Walker, Junior 30 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Wells, Mary 51 Wexler, Jerry 15 White, Karyn 21 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Saul 57 Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winans, Mario 50 Winans, The 12

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Average White Band 38 Ayers, Kevin 58 Aztec Camera 22 Babes in Toyland 16 Bachman Turner Overdrive 50 Bacilos 48 Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Badfinger 23 Bad Religion 28 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Ballard, Hank 17 Band, The 9 Bangs, Lester 44 Bardo Pond 28 Bareilles, Sara 64 Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basehead 11 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Beach Boys, The 1 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers, The 23 Beatles, The 2 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Bedouin Soundclash 58 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Belle and Sebastian 28 Bell X1 64 Belly 16 Benatar, Pat 8 Ben Folds Five 20 Berlin 62 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bettie Serveert 17

AC/DC 4

Adkins, Hasil 49 Aereogramme 61 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afro Celt Sound System 46 Against Me! 63 Aguilar, Pepe 62 Alarm 2 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexisonfire 55 Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allman Brothers, The 6 Aloha 59 Alter Bridge 64 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X America 16 American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 64 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Amon Duul II 62 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish Andrew W.K. 46 Angels & Airwaves 64 Animals 22 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Apples in Stereo 30 April Wine 43 Aquabats 22 Arab Strap 33 Archers of Loaf 21 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Art of Noise 22 Ash 34 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Asia 63 Asian Dub Foundation 30 Association, The 59 Ataris, The 62 Aterciopelados 38

Adam, Margie 39 Adam Again 61

Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wright, Jaguar 57 Yuro, Timi 60 Zhane 22

Rock

Adam Ant 13 Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Bevis Frond 23

Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black Crowes, The 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Black Keys, The 64 Blackman, Cindy 15 Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9 Blasters, The 41 Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27 Bloc Party 62 Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Blue Aeroplanes, The 39 Blue Man Group 44 Blue October 61 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Blues Traveler 15 Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Boredoms, The 28 Boss Hog 29 Boston 11 Bottle Rockets 42 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowling for Soup 54 Boys Night Out 63 Brad 21 Bragg, Billy 7 Brainiac 53 Branch, Michelle 47 Bread 40 Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Bright Eyes 42

Biafra, Jello 18 Also see Dead Kennedys

Brinsley Schwarz 40

Big Audio Dynamite 18

Brom, Marti 46

Big Country? 49

Bronx, The 65

Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20

Brooks, Lonnie 54

At The Drive-In 32

Big Star 36

Brötzmann, Caspar 27

Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26

Audioslave 56

Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The

Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Automatic, The 63 Autumn Defense, The 64

Bishop, Jeb 28

Broken Social Scene 63

Brooks, Meredith 30

Bruni, Carla 64

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Buckcherry 65 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burgess, Sonny 42 Burke, Solomon 36 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Butthole Surfers 16 Buzzcocks, The 9 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Caedmon’s Call 39 Café Tacuba 45 Cake 27 Cale, J. J. 16 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Calexico 33 Calvert, Robert 30 Camel 21 Campi, Ray 44 Can 28 Candlebox 32 Canned Heat 44 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Caravan 24 Cardigans 19 Carlile, Brandi 63 Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cars, The 20 Carter USM 31 Case, Neko 40 Catherine Wheel 18 Cat Power 30 Caustic Resin 31 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Ceili Rain 34 Cervenka, Exene 57 Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chainsaw Kittens, The 33

Childish, Billy 28 Christian Death 28 Chumbawamba 21 Church, The 14 Cinderella 16 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Circle Jerks, The 17 Citizen King 27 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clash, The 4 Clemons, Clarence 7 Clem Snide 35 Click Five, The 64 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobra Starship 64 Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochrane, Tom 22 Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Coheed and Cambria 58 Cold 34 Cold Chisel 34 Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Collective Soul 16 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Collister, Christine 42 Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30 Compulsion 23

Chao, Manu 41

Cosmic Psychos 60

Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13

Costa, Matt 64

Charlatans, The 55

Cumulative Subject Index • 237

Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Also see Whitesnake Cowboy Mouth 37 Cows, The 32 Cracker 12 Cradle of Filth 37 Cramps, The 16 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Crazy Town 43 Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Cult, The 16 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curry, Tim 3 Curve 13 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Damned, The 34 Damon and Naomi 25 Dandy Warhols, The 22 Daniels, Charlie 6 Danko Jones 61 Danzig 7 D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 Darkness, The 58 Dark Star 29 Dashboard Confessional 44 Dave, Edmunds 28 Dave Clark Five, The 12 Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Dawson, Ronnie 48 Days of the New 48 dc Talk 18 Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Death in Vegas 28 de Burgh, Chris 22 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50

Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Derailers, The 37 Devo 13 Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46 D Generation 26 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Dinosaur Jr. 10 Dire Straits 22 Dirtbombs, The 53 Dirty Three 31 Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 Disturbed 42 Dixie Dregs 36 D.O.A. 28 Doc Pomus 14 Dog’s Eye View 21 Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Doves 36 Down By Law 34 Dr. Dog 62 Dreamtheater 23 Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Drive-By Truckers 45 Drivin’ n’ Cryin’ 31 Dropkick Murphys 26 Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Durutti Column, The 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Echo and the Bunnymen 32 Echobelly 21 Eddy, Duane 9 Einstürzende Neubauten 13 Eisley 64 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elf Power 30 El Gran Combo 39 Elliot, Cass 5 Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Elms, The 44 Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emmet Swimming 24

Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher

Counting Crows 64 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3

English Beat, The 9

Country Joe and the Fish 36

Deftones 22

Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate

Chevelle 44

Cousteau 41

DeGraw, Gavin 64

Eno, Brian 49

Chicago 3

Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple

Del Amitri 18

Erickson, Roky 16

Delgados, The 31

Escovedo, Alejandro 37

Charm Farm 20 Cheap Trick 12

Chicks on Speed 47

Concrete Blonde 32 Congo Norvell 22 Constantines, The 58 Contemporary Dance Music, Funk 56 Continental Drifters 39 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Cornelius 44

238 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evanescence 53 Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Eve 6 31 Ex, The 28 Exploited, The 60 Extreme 10 Faces, The 22 Face to Face 50 Faint, The 53 Fairport Convention 22 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faith No More 7 Fall, The 12 Fall Out Boy 57 Fastbacks, The 29 Fastball 32 Faust 32 Fear Factory 27 Feathers, Charlie 40 Felt 32 Ferry, Bryan 1 Filter 28 fIREHOSE 11 Fishbone 7 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 Five Iron Frenzy 26 54-40 37 Fixx, The 33 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Flamingos, The 36 Flamin’ Groovies 42 Flatlanders, The 43 Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Franti, Michael 16 Franz Ferdinand 58 Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 French Kicks 60 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Frogs, The 31 Front 242 19 Froom, Mitchell 15 Frusciante, John 56 Fuel 27 Fugazi 13 Fugs, The 35 Fu Manchu 22 Funk Brothers 42 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galactic 44 Galaxie 500 33 Gang of Four 8 Gap Band, The 42 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45 Gathering, The 62 Gatton, Danny 16 Gene Loves Jezebel 27 Genesis 4 Geraldine Fibbers 21 Germs, The 54 Get Up Kids 41 Ghost 24 Giant Sand 30 Gift, Roland 3 Gin Blossoms 18 Girls Against Boys 31 Glitter, Gary 19 Go-Betweens, The 28 God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godsmack 30 Gogol Bordello 59 Golden Palominos 32 Golden Smog 60 Goldfinger 46 Golightly, Holly 45 Gomez 33 Good Charlotte 45 Goodrem, Delta 65 Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Gordon, Robert 57

Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hoobastank 50 Hoodoo Gurus 33 Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hot Chip 64 Hot Hot Heat 55 Houston, Penelope 28 Hudson Brothers, The 56 Humble Pie 40 Hunter, Ian 57 Hüsker Dü 45 Ida 44 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Immaculate Machine 62 Imperial Teen 26 Indigenous 31 (International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60 Interpol 52 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Iron Maiden 10 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Randy 64 Jackyl 24 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jam, The 27 James Gang 56 Jane’s Addiction 6 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jawbox 31 Jawbreaker 46 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10

Gov’t Mule 35

Great White 44 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green, Adam 64 Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Guess Who 23 Guided By Voices 18 Guns n’ Roses 2 Gus Gus 26 Guster 29 Guttermouth 39 Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Gwar 13 Gym Class Heroes 62 Hagar, Sammy 21 Hagen, Nina 25 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hammill, Peter 30 Hanna, Kathleen 45 Hard-Fi 63 Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Roy 30 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hart, Beth 29 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey Danger 60 Hassman, Nikki 26 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Ronnie 36 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkwind 41 Hawthorne Heights 65 Hayden 65 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Heart 1 Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Higgins, Missy 64

Four Seasons, The 24

Graham, Bill 10

Hinder 65

Jimmy Eat World 37

Fox, Samantha 3

Grandaddy 43

His Name Is Alive 43

Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie

Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grant Lee Buffalo 16

Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Grapes of Wrath, The 33

Hives, The 44

Johansen, David 7

Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24

Grass Roots, The 62

Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp

John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Flying Saucer Attack 29 Fogelberg, Dan 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival Foghat 45 Folk Implosion, The 28 Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Foreigner 21 Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30

Grateful Dead 5

Jesus Lizard 19 Jet 61 Jethro Tull 8 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jonas Brothers 63 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Joplin, Janis 3 Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Juanes 43 Judas Priest 10 Jule Brown 63 Juliana Theory, The 43 Junoon 45 Kansas 32 Karate 57 Keane 62 Keene, Tommy 31 Kelley, Josh 64 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kid606 36 Killers, The 61 Killing Heidi 62 Killing Joke 30 Kills, The 64 King Crimson 17 King Missile 22 Kingsmen, The 34 Kings of Leon 54 Kinks, The 15 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 KLF, The 52 KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knife, The 61 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korn 20 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ladytron 65 La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Lambchop 29 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Landreth, Sonny 16

Cumulative Subject Index • 239

LCD Soundsystem 64 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Rita 37 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemonheads, The 12 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Savy Fav 54 Less Than Jake 22 Letters to Cleo 22 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Liars 55 Lifehouse 41 Limp Bizkit 56 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lindley, David 2 Lindsay, Arto 53 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Lit 27 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Live 14 Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Los Lonely Boys 61 Los Straitjackets 50 Loud Family, The 31 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Darlene 46 Love 34 Love and Rockets 15 Love as Laughter 65 Loverboy 46 Love Spit Love 21 Lovin’ Spoonful 37 Low 37 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lush 13 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynne, Jeff 5 Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 MacColl, Ewan 49 Machine Head 32 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 Mack, Lonnie 37 Madder Rose 17 Make-Up, The 53 Malo, Raul 63 Malone, Michelle 30 Maná 37 Manic Street Preachers 27 Mansun 30 Marcy Playground 31 Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Maroon 5 54 Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martin, George 6 Martin, Janis 59 Marx, Richard 3 Mason, Willy 62 Matchbox 20 27 Matthew Good Band 34 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoo, Marilyn 62 McCoys, The 49 MC5, The 9 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKee, Maria 11 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McMurtry, James 10 McVie, Christine 53 Meat Loaf 12 Meat Puppets, The 13 Megadeth 9 Mekons, The 15 Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Men at Work 34 Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7

lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Lowest of the Low 63

Meteors, The 61

Nelson, Rick 2

L7 12

Midnight Oil 11

N.E.R.D. 65

Lucero 51

Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20

Neu! 32

Langford, Jon 59

Ludo 64

Mike & the Mechanics 17

Neurosis 28

Lanternjack, The 31

Luna 56

Miller, Frankie 59

Neutral Milk Hotel 31

Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lanegan, Mark 57

Miller, Steve 2 Ministry 10 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Misfits, The 32 Mission of Burma 51 Moby Grape 12 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 moe. 34 Mogwai 27 Mojave 3 26 Molly Hatchet 37 Molotov 47 Monch, Pharoahe 29 Money, Eddie 16 Monks of Doom 28 Monster Magnet 39 Moody Blues, The 18 Moonglows, The 33 Moore, Geoff 43 Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Mountain 30 M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mr. Big 65 Mr. Bungle 58 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Mudvayne 42 Muldaur, Maria 18 Mullins, Shawn 33 Murder City Devils 42 Murphy, Peter 22 Muse 40 MxPx 33 My Chemical Romance 56 Myles, Alannah 4 My Morning Jacket 46 Naked, Bif 29

240 • Cumulative Subject Index

New Found Glory 50 Newman, Randy 4 New Model Army 35 New Pornographers 57 Newsboys, The 24 Newsom, Joanna 61 New York Dolls, The 51 New York Dolls 20 Nickelback 36 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nile, Willie 31 Nirvana 8 NOFX 28 Norman, Larry 42 Northern Pikes, The 60 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Nova, Heather 30 NRBQ 12 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Oldham, Will 32 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olson, Carla 45 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Orbison, Roy 2 Orgy 27 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Our Lady Peace 22 OutKast 33 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Palmer, Robert 2 Paloalto 45 Panic! at the Disco 64 Pantera 13 Papa Roach 30 Paramore 65 Parker, Graham 49 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Primal Scream 14

Puddle of Mudd 45 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Pure Prairie League 49 Pursuit of Happiness, The 58 Quasi 24 Quatro, Suzi 47 Queen 6 Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Quicksilver Messenger Service 23 Raconteurs, The 64 Radio 4 59 Radiohead 64 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rammstein 25 Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rancid 29 Rascals, The 52 Raspberries 43 Rasputina 26 Ratatat 65 Raveonettes, The 48 Ray, Amy 65 Redbone 47 Redd Kross 20 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Red House Painters 40 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Relient K 55 R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 REO Speedwagon 23 Replacements, The 7

Primus 11

Residents, The 14

Riley, Terry 32 Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35 Roberts, Sam 59 Robertson, Robbie 2 Rocket from the Crypt 52 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Rolling Stones, The 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Romantics, The 34 Ronettes, The 45 Rose, Tim 41 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roxy Music 39 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Trux 29 Rube Waddell 29 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 Rush 8 Russell, Leon 35 Rusted Root 26 Ryder, Mitch 11 Sadies, The 53 Saints, The 40 Salem, Kevin 32 Saliva 38 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Saves the Day 59 Savoy Brown 56 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scharin, Doug 32 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scissor Sisters 61 Scorpions, The 12 Screaming Trees 19 Screeching Weasel 48 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Sebadoh 26 Seger, Bob 15 Semisonic 32

Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Resurrection Band 36

Sense Field 39

Reverend Horton Heat 19

Sepultura 12

Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails

Sevendust 37

Rheostatics 37

Sex Pistols, The 5 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Pearls Before Swine 24 Peel, John 43 Pennywise 27 People Under The Stairs 39 Pere Ubu 17 Perfect Circle, A 54 Perkins, Carl 9 Peter Bjorn and John 64 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phantom Planet 49 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Shawn 41 Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Pigface 19 Pink Floyd 2 Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Placebo 27 Plain White T’s 65 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Player 65 P.O.D. 33 Pogues, The 6 Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poison 11 Police, The 20 Pop, Iggy 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Porno for Pyros 31 Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Powderfinger 33 Powerman 5000 37 Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1 Presley, Lisa Marie 55 Pretenders, The 8 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Pretty Things, The 26

Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Proclaimers, The 13

Seven Mary Three 39

Parsons, Alan 12

Project 86 52

Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The

Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers

Promise Ring, The 28

Richman, Jonathan 12

Shadows, The 22

Prong 23

Ride 40

Shaffer, Paul 13

Prophet, Chuck 32

Riley, Billy Lee 43

Shannon, Del 10

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sharpe, Ray 53 Shellac 46 Shihad 34 Shins, The 52 Shipp, Matthew 31 Shivaree 60 Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Shonen Knife 13 Shudder to Think 20 Sia 64 Sick of It All 41 Sigur Rós 31 Sill, Judee 61 Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 63 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon and Garfunkel 24 Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sister Hazel 34 Six by Seven 35 Skid Row 48 Skinny Puppy 17 Skunk Anansie 27 Slade 54 Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Slowdive 40 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Smash Mouth 27 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smog 28 Snow Patrol 59 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Soft Machine 36 Songs: Ohia 49 SonicFlood 51

Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56 South, Joe 59 Southern Culture on the Skids 42 Spacehog 29 Spacemen 3 31 Sparks 18 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spedding, Chris 61 Spencer Davis Group 19 Spiderbait 39 Spinal Tap 8 Spin Doctors 14 Spiral Starecase 51 Spirit 22 Spiritualized 43 Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stabbing Westward 35 Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Status Quo 40 Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stefani, Gwen 63 Steppenwolf 20 Stereophonics 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone Stone Roses, The 16 Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Stranglers, The 31 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos

Cumulative Subject Index • 241

Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Sublime 19 Sudden, Nikki 59 Sugarcubes, The 10 Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Superchunk 29 Superdrag 23 Supergrass 30 Supersuckers 50 Supertramp 25 Surfin’ Pluto 24 Survivor 65 Sweet 39 Swervedriver 31 Switches 64 Switchfoot 48 System of a Down 36 Taking Back Sunday 58 Tantric 36 Taylor, Steve 26 Tea Party 38 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Television 17 10,000 Maniacs 3 Tenacious D 61 10cc 43 Ten Years After 63 Terrell 32 Tesla 15 Texas Tornados, The 8 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7 Thin Lizzy 13 Third Day 34 Third Eye Blind 25 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thompson, Richard 7 Thorogood, George 34 Three Days Grace 64 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 311 20 Throwing Muses 15 Thunderbirds are Now! 63 Tijuana No! 32 Timbuk 3 3 Todd, Mia Doi 52

Tower of Power 40 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traffic 19 Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Travis 29 Treadmill Trackstar 21 T. Rex 11 Tripping Daisy 60 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trynin, Jen 21 Tsunami 21 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Tuxedomoon 21 23 Skidoo 31 Type O Negative 27 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ultimate Fakebook 48 Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underworld 26 Unwound 41 Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vai, Steve 5 Valens, Ritchie 23 Valli, Frankie 10 Van der Graaf Generator 56 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zant 61 VAST 34 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Velvet Underground, The 7 Ventures 19 Vertical Horizon 33

Tokio Hotel 65

Veruca Salt 20

Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26

Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Tonic 32

Verve Pipe, The 20

Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Vigilantes of Love 51 Vines, The 51

Toad the Wet Sprocket 13

Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Strawbs 37

Son Volt 21

Stray Cats, The 11

Soul Asylum 10

String Cheese Incident, The 34

Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami

Soulfly 33

Strokes, The 37

To Rococo Rot 31

Voodoo Glow Skulls 38

Soundgarden 6

Stryper 2

Tortoise 32

Waits, Tom 61

Vincent, Gene 19 Violent Femmes 12

242 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walkmen, The 59 Wallflowers, The 20 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wannadies, The 29 War 14 Warrant 17 Waterboys, The 27 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Weakerthans, The 46 Wedding Present, The 28 Ween 30 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Weller, Paul 65 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Also see Jam, The Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 West, Leslie 59 West, Lizzie 62 Westerberg, Paul 26 Whiskeytown 44 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 White Zombie 17 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Who, The 3 Widespread Panic 39 Wild Strawberries 60 Willis, Wesley 51 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wolf, Peter 25 Wood, Ron 56 Workhorse Movement, The 30 Wray, Link 17 Wright, Rick 65 Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynn, Steve 31

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

You Am I 35 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Youth Group 62 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zedek, Thalia 52 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zombies, The 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 ZZ Top 2

Rock and Roll Pioneers

Albright, Gerald 62 Allen, Harry 61 Ammons, Gene 39 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Wessell 42 Ayler, Albert 19 Barbieri, Gato 22 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Bunnett, Jane 37 Cannon, Ace 65 Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, James 18 Chenier, C. J. 15 Clemons, Clarence 7 Coleman, Ornette 5 Coltrane, John 4 Coxhill, Lol 41 Curtis, King 17 Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Desmond, Paul 23 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolphy, Eric 36 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dulfer, Candy 35 Edwards, Teddy 44 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Freeman, Chico 49 Freeman, Von 48 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Getz, Stan 12 Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Golson, Benny 21 Gordon, Dexter 10 Hamilton, Scott 55 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Wendell 56

Lloyd, Charles 22 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lovano, Joe 13 Marsalis, Branford 10 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37 Moody, James 34 Morgan, Frank 9 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Najee 21 Newsom, Tommy 63 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pepper, Art 18 Pine, Courtney 51 Randolph, Boots 57 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Robinson, Spike 62 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Scott, Tony 32 Shepp, Archie 43 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Sims, Zoot 37 Smith, Tommy 28

Hawkins, Coleman 11

Stitt, Sonny 59

Hemphill, Julius 34

Tabackin, Lew 47

Henderson, Joe 14

Tate, Buddy 33

Herman, Woody 12

Threadgill, Henry 9

Ho, Fred 60

Turner, Mark 40

Hodges, Johnny 24

Turrentine, Stanley 42

Jacquet, Illinois 53

Vandermark, Ken 28

James, Boney 21

Walker, Junior 30

Johnston, Phillip 36

Wallace, Bennie 31

Kenny G 14 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6

Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Koffman, Moe 34

Watanabe, Sadao 39

Konitz, Lee 30

Waters, Benny 58

Koz, Dave 19

Whalum, Kirk 39

Yellowcard 52

Auger, Brian 63 Ballard, Hank 17 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Blackwell, Otis 57 Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Darin, Bobby 4 Diddley, Bo 3 Dion 4 Domino, Fats 2 Eddy, Duane 9 Everly Brothers, The 2 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Francis, Connie 10 Glitter, Gary 19 Haley, Bill 6 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Holly, Buddy 1 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jordan, Louis 11 Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Little Richard 1 Nelson, Rick 2 Orbison, Roy 2 Otis, Johnny 16 Paul, Les 2 Perkins, Carl 9 Phillips, Sam 5 Presley, Elvis 1 Professor Longhair 6 Rock, Guitar 60 Sedaka, Neil 4 Shannon, Del 10 Shirelles, The 11 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Twitty, Conway 6 Valli, Frankie 10 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wray, Link 17

Yes 8

Saxophone

Kuti, Femi 29

Winter, Paul 10

Yo La Tengo 24

Abair, Mindi 48 Adderley, Cannonball 15

Lacy, Steve 23

Woods, Phil 57

Lateef, Yusef 16

World Saxophone Quartet 39

X 11 X-Ray Spex 31 XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yardbirds, The 10 Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59

Yorn, Pete 45

Spearman, Glenn 55

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Cumulative Subject Index • 243

Baez, Joan 1 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Bare, Bobby 48 Bareilles, Sara 64 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basie, Count 2 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Becker, Margaret 31 Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Benét, Eric 27 Benson, Brendan 55 Benton, Brook 7 Berg, Matraca 16 Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Berlin, Irving 8 Bermúdez, Obie 63 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bishop, Elvin 41 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black, Jully 64 Blackwell, Otis 57 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blunt, James 63 Bond, Johnny 28 Boxcar Willie 41 Brady, Paul 8 Bragg, Billy 7 Brandt, Paul 22 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Brion, Jon 52 Bristol, Johnny 62

Brooks, Meredith 30 Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Brother Ali 63 Broussard, Marc 63 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Greg 56 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Pete 62 Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bruni, Carla 64 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Jeff 22 Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burning Spear 15 Burroughs, William S. 26 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cahn, Sammy 11 Cale, J. J. 16 Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Robert 30 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Campi, Ray 44 Cantrell, Laura 57 Captain Beefheart 10 Card, Michael 40 Cardwell, Joi 22 Carlile, Brandi 63 Carlisle, Bob 22 Carll, Hayes 65

Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Brokop, Lisa 22

Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span

Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown

Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56

Badly Drawn Boy 33

Sintir Hakmoun, Hassan 15

Songwriters Acuff, Roy 2 Adam, Margie 39 Adams, Bryan 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Yolanda 23 Adkins, Hasil 49 Adkins, Trace 31 Afanasieff, Walter 26 Aikens, Rhett 22 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Terry 56 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Mose 17 Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Aly & AJ 63 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, John 5 Andrews, Jessica 34 Anka, Paul 2 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Armatrading, Joan 4 Arthur, Joseph 57 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Austin, Sherrié 34 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Axelrod, David 34 Axton, Mae 53 Aznavour, Charles 45

Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Brom, Marti 46 Brooke, Jonatha 56

Brooks, Lonnie 54

Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cat Power 30 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Chambers, Kasey 36 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin, Jen 49 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chapman, Tracy 4 Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childs, Toni 2 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Ciara 61 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Gene 51 Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Petula 40 Clements, Vassar 18 Cleveland, James 1 Clinton, George 7 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochrane, Tom 23 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cohen, Leonard 52 Cohn, Marc 43 Cole, Keyshia 64 Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Colleen 63 Collie, Mark 15

Carmichael, Hoagy 27

Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Carroll, Jim 46

Collins, Judy 4

Carter, Carlene 8

Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis

Carlton, Vanessa 53

Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Colter, Jessi 63

Case, Neko 40

Contemporary Dance Music, Rhythm and Blues/Soul 64

Cash, Johnny 46

Cooder, Ry 57

244 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Costa, Matt 64 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Croce, Jim 3 Cropper, Steve 12 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosse, Clay 38 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Currington, Billy 64 Curtis, Catie 31 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dalton, Nic 31 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Mac 60 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 DeBarge, El 14 de Burgh, Chris 22 DeGraw, Gavin 64 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destroyer 51 DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 Dido 46 Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Dixon, Willie 10 DMX 25 Doc Pomus 14 Doiron, Julie 41 Domino, Fats 2 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donovan 9 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Doucet, Michael 8 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Dube, Lucky 17 Dulli, Greg 17 Also see Afghan Whigs, The Durden, Tommy 53 Dury, Ian 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Stoney 55 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ely, Joe 52 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 English, Michael 23 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Erickson, Roky 16 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Esthero 58 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Everlast 27 Fabian, Lara 34 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Falkner, Jason 57 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Ferry, Bryan 1 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Five for Fighting 36

Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Fordham, Julia 15 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie Franti, Michael 16 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Fripp, Robert 9 Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frost, Edith 40 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gauthier, Mary 54 Gaye, Marvin 4 Geldof, Bob 9 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Bob 23 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Gibson, Debbie Gibson, Don 58 Gift, Roland 3 Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gilley, Mickey 7 Gilmore, Thea 48 Glazer, Tom 48 Goffin-King 24 Gold, Julie 22 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gorka, John 18 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Adam 64 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Keith 38 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac

Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Guthrie, Woodie 2 Guy, Buddy 4 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Haack, Bruce 37 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Hagen, Nina 25 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammill, Peter 30 Hammond, Albert 65 Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Wayne 45 Hanna, Kathleen 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardy, Françoise 43 Harley, Bill 7 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Roy 30 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Jesse 47 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hart, Beth 29 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Gemma 58 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3

Greenwood, Lee 12

Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The

Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24

DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Flack, Roberta 5 Flatt, Lester 3

Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Dillon, Phyllis 53

Fogelberg, Dan 4

Guerra, Juan 63

Dion 4

Fogerty, John 60

Guthrie, Arlo 50

Hendrix, Jimi 2

Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hersh, Kristin 49 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Higgins, Missy 64 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland, Jolie 55 Holly, Buddy 1 Honeytree 58 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Penelope 28 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Hunter, Ian 57 Hurley, Michael 58 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Imbruglia, Natalie 27 Ingram, Jack 58 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Wanda 42 Jacobs, Kate 51 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jennings, Mason 59

Johansen, David 7 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Jones, Donell 43 Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Joplin, Janis 3 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Montell 26 Jules, Gary 52 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kee, John P. 15 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kelley, Josh 64 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kelly, Paul 40 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ketchum, Hal 14 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 King, Albert 2 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6 King, Freddy 17 King, Kaki 55 Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43

Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The

Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korner, Alexis 51 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Krebs, Pete 43

Cumulative Subject Index • 245

Landreth, Sonny 16 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lange, Mutt 47 Langford, Jon 59 Larkin, Patty 9 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lavin, Christine 6 LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Peggy 8 Legend, Johnny 58 Legend, John 61 Lehrer, Tom 7 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Lerche, Sondre 50 Lewis, Huey 9 Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Linkous, Mark 26 Little Richard 1 L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lloyd, Bill 62 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Lord, Mary Lou 54 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Laura 20 Loveless, Patty 5 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Luciano 41 Lupe Fiasco 64 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mack, Lonnie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Malo, Raul 63 Malone, Michelle 30 Mandell, Eleni 63 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martyn, John 43 Marx, Richard 3 Mason, Willy 62 Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mayer, John 46 Mayfield, Curtis 8 MC Breed 17 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McCoury, Del 15 McCulloch, Ian 23 McDonald, Michael 59 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKay, Nellie 61 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 McMurtry, James 10 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12 Melcher, Terry 53

Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see John Cougar Mellencamp

Lynne, Jeff 5

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11

Kreviazuk, Chantal 33

Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Maal, Baaba 37

Mercer, Johnny 13

MacColl, Ewan 49

Lahiri, Bappi 42

MacColl, Kirsty 51

Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see , Maniacs10000

246 • Cumulative Subject Index

Merritt, Tift 52 Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 M.I.A. 63 Michael, George 49 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Julie 55 Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Steve 2 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Momus 47 Moondog 55 Moore, Geoff 43 Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Morgan, Craig 61 Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Moro 38 Moroder, Giorgio 63 Morrison, Jim 3 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Mounir, Mohamed 48 Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mraz, Jason 52 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulvey, Peter 59 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Naess, Leona 46 Najma 39 Nascimento, Milton 6 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neil, Fred 42 Nelson, Rick 2 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Perkins, Carl 9

Pickett, Wilson 10 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Pop, Iggy 23 Porter, Cole 10 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Prewitt, Archer 57 Price, Kelly 34 Price, Lloyd 25 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Professor Longhair 6 Prophet, Chuck 32 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rafferty, Gerry 52 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rambo, Dottie 60 Randall, Jon 58 Ray, Amy 65 Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Redman, Matt 54 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reid, Antonio 44 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rice, Chris 25 Rice, Damien 50 Rich, Charlie 3 Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Riley, Teddy 14 Ritchie, Jean 4 Robbins, Marty 9 Roberts, Sam 59

Perry, Linda 38

Robertson, Robbie 2

Earlier sketch in CM 11 Rosario 43 Rose, Tim 41 Ross, Don 65 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Rouse, Josh 42 Rowan, Peter 51 Rusby, Kate 29 Russell, Mark 6 Ryder, Mitch 23 Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Salem, Kevin 32 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sangare, Oumou 22 Satriani, Joe 4 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scott, Darrell 54 Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Sedaka, Neil 4 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Seger, Bob 15 Segundo, Compay 45 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sexton, Martin 41 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shannon, Del 10 Sharpe, Ray 53 Sheik, Duncan 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Siberry, Jane 6 Sill, Judee 61

Peterson, Michael 31

Robillard, Duke 2

Silverstein, Shel 51

Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Newbury, Mickey 44

Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The

Newsom, Joanna 61

Phelps, Kelly Joe 36

Rogers, Garnet 53

Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Phillips, Sam 12

Rogers, Stan 61

Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Phillips, Shawn 41

Rollins, Henry 35

Slean, Sarah 65

Nevil, Robbie 61

Also see Fleetwood Mac Nile, Willie 31 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42 Nova, Heather 30 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Nyro, Laura 12 O’Brien, Tim 39 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odetta 7 Oldham, Will 32 Olson, Carla 45 Orbison, Roy 2 Orton, Beth 26 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Oslin, K. T. 3 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Palmer, Robert 2 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Parker, Graham 49 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paul, Les 2 Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Peebles, Ann 30 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodgers, Richard 9

Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Sledge, Percy 15 Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Michael W. 11 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Songs: Ohia 49 Soraya 46 South, Joe 59 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spektor, Regina 60 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Stefani, Gwen 63 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The St. James, Rebecca 26 Stockwood, Kim 26 Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Strehli, Angela 58 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Stuart, Marty 9 Styne, Jule 21

Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Talmy, Shel 52 Taupin, Bernie 22 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Kate 30 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Steve 26 Tenacious D 61 Tennison, Chalee 36 Terrell 32 13th Floor Elevators 47 Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 tobyMac 63 Tomlin, Chris 63 Tone-Loc 3 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Torme, Mel 4 Tosh, Peter 3 Toussaint, Allen 11 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Tozzi, Umberto 64 Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tricky 18 Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Trout, Walter 59 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Tunstall, KT 61 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twitty, Conway 6 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Tyrell, Steve 52 Underwood, Carrie 63

Cumulative Subject Index • 247

Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The

Unknown Hinson 62

Vannelli, Gino 52 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Shelton, Ricky 5 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Venegas, Julieta 62 Veronicas, The 63 Vives, Carlos 38 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Wainwright, Martha 65 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Walker, Natalie 65 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, T-Bone 5 Waller, Fats 7 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wariner, Steve 18 Warren, Diane 21 Waters, Crystal 15 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watt, Mike 22 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weill, Kurt 12 Weiser, Ronny 58 Welch, Gillian 33 Weller, Paul 65 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Also see Jam, The Werner, Susan 54 West, Dottie 8 West, Leslie 59 Westerberg, Paul 26 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 White, Jim 40 White, Karyn 21 White, Lari 15 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Wilcox, David 38 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Don 4

Urban, Keith 44

Williams, Hank, III 38

Trumpet

Sure!, Al B. 13

Utada, Hikaru 62

Williams, Hank, Jr. 1

Alcione 51

Swan, Billy 60

Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake

Williams, Hank, Sr. 4

Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Sudden, Nikki 59 Summer, Donna 12

Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Rachel 48 Swift, Taylor 65

Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Williams, Victoria 17 Willis, Wesley 51 Wills, Bob 6 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wirtz, Billy 62 Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wray, Link 17 Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zawinul, Joe 63 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Trombone Anderson, Ray 7 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bishop, Jeb 28 Brown, Lawrence 23 Colon, Willie 37 Fontana, Carl 47 Green, Urbie 36 Johnson, J.J. 33 Mandel, Johnny 28 Miller, Glenn 6 Priester, Julian 54 Ranelin, Phil 55 Rudd, Roswell 28 Teagarden, Jack 10 Turre, Steve 22 Winding, Kai 35

Anthony, Ray 60 Armstrong, Louis 4 Baker, Chet 13

248 • Cumulative Subject Index

Belgrave, Marcus 57 Berigan, Bunny 2 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bowie, Lester 29 Brown, Clifford 24 Bushkin, Joe 54 Cherry, Don 10 Coleman, Ornette 5 Dara, Olu 46 Davis, Miles 1 Douglas, Dave 29 Driscoll, Phil 45 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ferguson, Maynard 7 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harrell, Tom 28 Hassell, Jon 43 Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hirt, Al 5 Isham, Mark 14 James, Harry 11 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matthews, Eric 22 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Miles, Ron 22 Minton, Phil 29 Navarro, Fats 25 Oliver, King 15 Payton, Nicholas 27 Rodney, Red 14 Roney, Wallace 33 Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Severinsen, Doc 1 Shaw, Woody 27 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Terry, Clark 24 Truffaz, Erik 54

Tuba Butterfield, Don 62 Phillips, Harvey 3

Vibraphone Ayers, Roy 39 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Gibbs, Terry 35 Hampton, Lionel 6 Jackson, Milt 15 Norvo, Red 12

Violin Acuff, Roy 2 Alsop, Marin 58 Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bell, Joshua 21 Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Benedetti, Nicola 62 Bird, Andrew 46 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bromberg, David 18 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carthy, Eliza 31 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Clements, Vassar 18 Coleman, Ornette 5 Cugat, Xavier 23 Daniels, Charlie 6 Diamond, David 58 Doucet, Michael 8 Dubeau, Angèle 47 Galimir, Felix 36 Germano, Lisa 18 Gingold, Josef 6 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Haendel, Ida 42

Jones, Thad 19

Viola

Hahn, Hilary 30

Little, Booker 36

Menuhin, Yehudi 11

Loughnane, Lee 3

Van der Velden, Mieneke 55

Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Mandel, Johnny 28

Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Haydn, Lili 46

Heifetz, Jascha 31 Huggett, Monica 50 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Josefowicz, Leila 35 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Kremer, Gidon 30 Lamb, Barbara 19 Maazel, Lorin 46 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marriner, Neville 7 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Midori 7 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 O’Connor, Mark 1 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Quint, Philippe 64 Rieu, André 26 Roumain, Daniel 54 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Schroer, Oliver 29 Shaham, Gil 35 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stern, Isaac 7 Tiersen, Yann 59 Vanessa-Mae 26 Whiteman, Paul 17 Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Wills, Bob 6 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Cumulative Musicians Index Volume numbers appear in bold

Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adams, Steve See Rova Saxophone Quartet Adams, Terry See NRBQ Adams, Tim See Swell Adams, Tom See Blue Highway Adams, Victoria See Spice Girls Adams, Yolanda 23 Adamson, Barry 28 Adamson, Billy See Searchers, The Adamson, Stuart See Big Country Adcock, C.C. 52 Adcock, Eddie See Country Gentleman, The Adderley, Cannonball 15 Adderley, Julian See Adderley, Cannonball Adderley, Nat 29

Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Aaron See Mr. T Experience, The Abair, Mindi 48 Abba 12 Abbado, Claudio 32 Abbott, Gary See Kingsmen, The Abbott, Jacqueline See Beautiful South Abbott, Jude See Chumbawamba Abbott, Kris See Pursuit of Happiness, The Abbott, Pete See Average White Band Abbruzzese, Dave See Pearl Jam Abbuehl, Susanne 62 Abdul, Paula 3 Abercrombie, Jeff See Fuel

Ace of Base 22 Achor, James See Royal Crown Revue Acid, Eddie See Liquid Soul Ackerman, Will 3 Ackley, Bruce See Rova Saxophone Quartet Acland, Christopher See Lush Acosta, Adolpho See Tower of Power Acoustic Alchemy 38 Acuff, Roy 2 Acuna, Alejandro See Weather Report Adair, Daniel See 3 Doors Down Adam, Margie 39 Adam Again 61

Abercrombie, John 25

Adams, Alberta 57

Aberle, B.J. See Normals, The

Adams, Ben See A1

Abernathy, Barry See IIIrd Tyme Out

Adams, Billy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Adé, King Sunny 18

Agust, Daniel See Gus Gus

Adès, Thomas 30

A-ha 22

Abernathy, Patrick See Beulah

Adewale, Segun 50

Ahmad, Salman See Junoon

Abner, Ewart 41

Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Aboitiz, Rodrigo See La Ley

Adams, Clifford See Kool & the Gang

Adkins, Hasil 49

Ahn, Angella See Ahn Trio

Abong, Fred See Belly

Adams, Craig See Cult, The

Adkins, Jim See Jimmy Eat World

Ahn, Elaine See Ida

Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38

Adams, Donn See NRBQ

Adkins, Mark See Guttermouth

Ahn, Lucia See Ahn Trio

Adkins, Trace 31

Abrahams, Mick See Jethro Tull Abrams, Bryan See Color Me Badd Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Abrantes, Fernando See James Gang Abrantes, Fernando See Kraftwerk Abts, Matt See Gov’t Mule AC/DC 4

Adam Ant 13 Adamendes, Elaine See Throwing Muses

Adkins, Ed See Derailers, The

Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afonso, Marie See Zap Mama Afro Celt Sound System 46 AFX See Aphex Twin Against Me! 63 Ag Alhabib, Ibrahim See Tinariwen Ag Alhousseyni, Abdallah See Tinariwen Agent, David See Club Nouveau Agius, Alfie See Fixx, The Agnew, Rikk See Christian Death Ag Touhami, Alhassane See Tinariwen Aguiar, Aloisio See Redbone Aguilar, Pepe 62 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Adams, Greg See Tower of Power

Adler, Larry 35

Ahn, Maria See Ahn Trio

Adler, Lou 58

Ahn Trio 45

Adams, Johnny 33

Adler, Steven See Guns n’ Roses

Aho, Susan See Väarttinä

Aereogramme 61

Aiken, Clay 60

Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Ainge, Gary See Felt

Afanasieff, Walter 26

Air Supply 22

Affuso, Rob See Skid Row

Airey, Don See Rainbow

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Adams, Marianne See Sierra Adams, Mark See Specials, The Adams, Neil See Silly Wizard

249

Air 33

250 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Airport, Jak See X-Ray Spex Airto See Moreira, Airto Aitchison, Dominic See Mogwai Ajdinovic, Asim See Boban Markovic Orkestar Ajile See Arrested Development Akil See Jurassic 5 Akingbola, Sola See Jamiroquai Akins, Rhett 22 Akita, Masami See Merzbow Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Akon 61 Akuna, Sherwood See Love Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alan, Chad See Juliana Theory, The Alan, David See SonicFlood Alan, Skip See Pretty Things, The Alarm 22 Alatorre, Eric See Chanticleer Albarn, Damon See Blur Also see Gorillaz Albarran, Ruben See Café Tacuba Alber, Matt See Chanticleer Alberstein, Chava 37 Albert, Alex See Project 86 Albert, Matt See eighth blackbird Albert, Nate See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Alberti, Dorona See KMFDM Albertine, Viviane See Slits, The Albertson, Ron See Liars Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Albright, Gerald 62 Albuquerque, Michael de See Electric Light Orchestra Alcione 51 Alder, John See Gong Also see Pretty Things, The Alderete, Juan See Mars Volta, The Alesi, Tommy See Beausoleil Alex

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Alperin, Misha 64 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alphin, Kenny See Big & Rich Alphonso, Roland See Skatalites, The al-Sahir, Kadim See Sahir, Kadim alAlsing, Pelle See Roxette Alsop, Marin 58 Alston, Andy See Del Amitri Alston, Shirley See Shirelles, The Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Altenfelder, Andy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Alter Bridge 64 Alvarado, Mario See Banda el Recodo Álvarez, Marcelo 45 Alvarez, Oscar See Banda el Recodo Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Alvin, Phil See Blasters, The Aly & AJ 63 Am, Svet See KMFDM Amadou & Mariam 49 Amante, Michael 61 Amato, Dave See REO Speedwagon Amayo See Antibalas Amber 40 Ambrosius, Marsha See Floetry Ambush, Scott See Spyro Gyra Amedee, Steve See Subdudes, The A-Mei 40 Ameling, Elly 24 Ament, Jeff See Pearl Jam America 16 America, Lenny See Sunset Valley American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 64 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Amerie 56

See Mr. T Experience, The Alexakis, Art See Everclear Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexander, David See Lowest of the Low Alexander, Dottie See Of Montreal Alexander, George See Flamin’ Groovies Alexander, Gregg See New Radicals, The Alexander, Jules See Association, The Alexander, Monty 59 Alexander, Scot See Dishwalla Alexander, Ted See Saves the Day Alexander, Tim “Herb” See Primus Alexander, Tim See Asleep at the Wheel Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Alexisonfire 55 Alford, Zachary See B-52’s, The Ali See Tribe Called Quest, A Ali, Amin See Music Revelation Ensemble Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alisanovic, Sasa See Boban Markovic Orkestar Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Alkema, Jan Willem See Compulsion All Saints 25 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allan, Gary 41 Allcock, Martin See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Allen, April See C + C Music Factory Allen, Chad See Guess Who Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allen, Danny See Youth Group Allen, Dave See Gang of Four Allen, Debbie 8

Allen, Jeff See Mint Condition Allen, Johnny Ray See Subdudes, The Allen, Kevin See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Allen, Lee See Blasters, The Allen, Papa Dee See War Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Red See Osborne Brothers, The Allen, Richard “Pistol” See Funk Brothers Allen, Rick See Box Tops, The Allen, Rick See Def Leppard Allen, Rodney See Blue Aeroplanes, The Allen, Ross See Mekons, The Allen, Ryan See Thunderbirds are Now! Allen, Scott See Thunderbirds are Now! Allen, Terry 56 Allen, Verden “Phally” See Mott the Hoople Allen, Wally See Pretty Things, The Allender, Paul See Cradle of Filth All-4-One 17 Allien, Ellen 55 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Luther 21 Allison, Mose 17 Allison, Verne See Dells, The

Allen, Duane See Oak Ridge Boys, The

Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Also see Soft Cell

Ames, Ed 31

Almqvist, Howlin’ Pelle See Hives, The

Amici Forever 57

Allen, Eric See Apples in Stereo Allen, Frank See Searchers, The

Allman, Chris See Greater Vision Allman, Duane See Allman Brothers, The Allman, Gregg See Allman Brothers, The Allman Brothers, The 6 Alloy Orchestra 51 Allred, Glen See Florida Boys, The Allsup, Michael Rand See Three Dog Night Allyson, Karrin 42 Almgren, Sara See (International) Noise Conspiracy

Allen, Geri 10

Almstead, Derek See Of Montreal

Allen, Harry 61

Aloha 59

Ames, Kenny See Jason & the Scorchers Amico, Vinnie See moe. Amis, Danny See Los Straitjackets

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

AMM 41 Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39 Amon, Robin See Pearls Before Swine Amon Duul II 62 Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Bob See Front Range Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead 54 Anderson, Alfa See Chic Anderson, Al See NRBQ Anderson, Andy See Cure, The Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, Brett See Donnas, The Anderson, Brett See Suede Anderson, Cleave See Beck Anderson, Cleave See Blue Rodeo Anderson, Dave See Hawkwind Anderson, Emma See Lush Anderson, Ernestine 53 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Gladstone See Skatalites, The Anderson, Ian See Jethro Tull Anderson, Jhelisa See Shamen, The Anderson, John 5 Anderson, John See Fugs, The Anderson, Jon See Yes Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Keith “Wolf” See Rebirth Brass Band Anderson, Keith 65 Anderson, Keith See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Anderson, Marian 8 Anderson, Pamela See Incognito Anderson, Ray 7 Anderson, Reid See Bad Plus, The Anderson, Signe See Jefferson Airplane Anderson, Tai See Third Day

Anderson, Wessell 42 Andersson, Benny See Abba Andersson, Henrik See Komeda Andersson, Karin See Knife, The Andes, Mark See Spirit Andes, Matt See Spirit Andes, Rachel See Spirit Andrade, Sergio See Lifehouse Andress, Tuck See Tuck & Patti Andrew, Angus See Liars Andrew, Patrick See PFR Andrew W.K. 46 Andrews, Barry See XTC Andrews, Bob See Brinsley Schwarz Andrews, Christopher See Mojave 3 Andrews, Jessica 34 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews, Laverne See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Mark See Dru Hill Also see Sisqó Andrews, Maxene See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Patty See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Revert See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Andrews Sisters, The 9 Andriano, Dan See Alkaline Trio Andrus, Sherman See Imperials, The Andrusco, Eugene See Starflyer 59 Andrusco, Gene Emil Harvey See Adam Again Andy See Ex, The Andy, Bob See Paragons, The Andy, Horace See Massive Attack Angel, Ashley Parker See O-Town Angel, Eddie See Los Straitjackets

Cumulative Musicians Index • 251

See Turtle Island String Quartet Anggun 60 Angus, Colin See Shamen, The Animals, The 22 Anka, Paul 2 Anointed 21 Anonymous, Rodney See Dead Milkmen Anonymous 4 23 Anselmo, Philip See Pantera Ant, Adam See Adam Ant Anthony, Larry See Dru Hill Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anthony, Michael See Massive Attack Anthony, Michael See Van Halen Anthony, Ray 60 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Antibalas 62 Antin, Jesse See Chanticleer Anton, Alan See Cowboy Junkies, The Antoni, Mark De Gli See Soul Coughing Antunes, Michael See Beaver Brown Band, The Anu, Christine 34 Anway, Susan See Magnetic Fields, The A1 41 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Apl.de.Ap See Black Eyed Peas Apollo 9 See Rocket from the Crypt Aponte, Charlie See El Gran Combo Appice, Vinnie See Black Sabbath Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Appleby, Jo See Amici Forever Apples in Stereo 30 Appleton, Natalie See All Saints Appleton, Nicole See All Saints April, Johnny See Staind April Wine 43

Arbulu, Shia See La Ley Archambault, Regent See La Bottine Souriante Archer, Al See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Archer, Gem See Oasis Archer, Richard See Hard-Fi Archers of Loaf 21 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ardito, Douglas See Puddle of Mudd Ardolino, Tom See NRBQ Arellano, Rod See Aquabats, The Arena, Tina 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arentzen, Jamie See American Hi-Fi Argent, Rod See Zombies, The Argerich, Martha 27 Arias, Raymond See Ceili Rain Arjona, Ricardo 43 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Arlen, Harold 27 Arm, Mark See Mudhoney Armaou, Lindsay See B*Witched Armatrading, Joan 4 Armerding, Jake See Northern Lights Armerding, Taylor See Northern Lights Armik 41 Armstrong, Billie Joe See Green Day Armstrong, Craig 62 Armstrong, Louis 4 Armstrong, Paul See Country Joe and the Fish Armstrong, Robbie See Royal Trux Armstrong, Rollo See Faithless Armstrong, Tim See Rancid Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Arnaz, Desi 8 Arni, Stefan See Gus Gus Arnold, Brad See 3 Doors Down

Aqua 34

Arnold, Eddy 10

Angel, Jerry See Blasters, The

Aqua Velvets 23

Arnold, James See Four Lads, The

Angel Corpse 63

Arab Strap 33

Angels & Airwaves 64

Araya, Tom See Slayer

Anger, Darol

Aquabats, The 22

Arnold, Kristine See Sweethearts of the Rodeo Arnott, John

252 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Lowest of the Low Aronoff, Kenny 21 Aroy, Mira See Ladytron Aroyo, Mira See Ladytron Arrau, Claudio 1 Arreola, James See Los Palominos Arreola, Jesse See Los Palominos Arreola, Johnny See Los Palominos Arreola, Jorge See Los Palominos Arreola, Julio See Los Palominos Arrested Development 14 Arsenau, Ben See Boys Night Out Arsenault, Albert See Barachois Arsenault, Chuck See Barachois Arsenault, Louise See Barachois Arsenault-Bergeron, Helene See Barachois Arson, Nicholaus See Hives, The Art of Noise 22 Art Ensemble of Chicago, The 23 Arthur, Brian See Goldfinger Arthur, Davey See Fureys, The Arthur, Joseph 57 Arthurs, Paul “Bonehead” See Oasis Artifacts 23 Arzamastsev, Alexander See Bering Strait Ash 34 Ash, Daniel See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets Ashanti 65 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Also see Verve, The Ashford, Jack See Funk Brothers Ashford, Rosalind See Martha and the Vandellas Ashhurst, Jimmy See Buckcherry Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Ashley, Bob See Guess Who Ashton, John See Psychedelic Furs

Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Assad, Badi 36 Association, The 59 Astbury, Ian See Cult, The Asthana, Shivika See Papas Fritas Astley, Rick 5 Aston, Jay “J” See Gene Loves Jezebel Aston, Michael See Gene Loves Jezebel Astro See UB40 Asuo, Kwesi See Arrested Development Aswad 34 At The Drive-In 32 Atari Teenage Riot 27 Ataris, The 62 A*Teens 36 Aterciopelados 38 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Erica See Mary Mary Atkins, Juan 52 Atkins, Martin See Killing Joke Also see Pigface Atkins, Tina See Mary Mary Atkins, Victor “Red” See Los Hombres Calientes Atkinson, Lyle See Brave Combo Atkinson, Paul See Zombies, The Atkinson, Sweet Pea See Was (Not Was) Atmosphere 63 Atom See Rocket from the Crypt Atomic Fireballs, The 27 ATR See Boredoms, The Attisso, Barthelemy See Orchestra Baobab Atwater, Aubrey See Atwater-Donnelly Atwater-Donnelly 53 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Audioslave 56 Auerbach, Dan See Black Keys, The Auf Der Maur, Melissa See Smashing Pumpkins Also see Hole

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Austin, Cuba See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Austin, Dallas 16 Austin, Kenneth See Rebirth Brass Band Austin, Patti 47 Austin, Sherrié 34 Austral, Florence 26 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Automatic, The 63 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Autumn Defense, The 64 Avalon 26 Avalon, Frankie 5 Avant 54 Ævar, Ágúst See Sigur Rós Average White Band 38 Averre, Berton See Knack, The Avery, Brad See Third Day Avery, Eric See Jane’s Addiction Avery, Teodross 23 Avila, John See Oingo Boingo Avory, Mick See Kinks, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Ax, Emanuel 65 Axelrod, David 34 Axelrod, Victor See Antibalas Axelson, Eric See Dismemberment Plan Axton, Hoyt 28 Axton, Mae 53 Aya See Blue Six Ayala, Paco See Molotov Ayers, Kevin 58 Ayers, Kevin See Gong Also see Soft Machine Ayers, Roy 39 Aykroyd, Dan See Blues Brothers, The Ayler, Albert 19 Ayres, Ben See Cornershop AZ 44 Azmat, Ali See Junoon

See Front 242 B. Stille See Nappy Roots Baah, Reebop Kwaku See Can Also see Traffic Baatin See Slum Village Babatunde, Don See Last Poets Babbington, Roy See Soft Machine Babbitt, Bob See Funk Brothers Babes in Toyland 16 Babjak, James See Smithereens, The Babu See Dilated Peoples Babydaddy See Scissor Sisters Babyface See Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” Baca, Susana 32 Bacchus, Richard See D Generation Bach, Leroy See Wilco Bach, Sebastian See Skid Row Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bachman, Eric See Archers of Loaf Bachman, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Also see Guess Who Bachman, Robbie See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Bachman, Tim See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Bachman-Turner Overdrive 50 Bacilos 48 Backstreet Boys 21 Backus, Donald “Gus” See Del Vikings, The Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Bad Religion 28 Badalamenti, Angelo 17

Aznavour, Charles 45

Badowski, Henry See Damned, The

Badfinger 23 Badger, Pat See Extreme Bad Livers, The 19 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badoux, Gwen See Les Négresses Vertes

Auge, Jymn See His Name Is Alive

Azorr, Chris See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Auger, Brian 63

Aztec Camera 22

Asia 63

Augustyniak, Jerry See 10,000 Maniacs

B., Craig See Aereogramme

Badrena, Manolo See Spyro Gyra Also see Weather Report

Asian Dub Foundation 30

Auldridge, Mike 4

B, Daniel

Badu, Erykah 64

Ashton, Nick See Northwoods Improvisers Ashton, Susan 17

Bad Plus, The 49

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 26 Baechle, Clark See Faint, The Baechle, Todd See Faint, The Baez, Joan 1 Bagarozzi, Chris See Down By Law Bagayoko, Amadou See Amadou & Mariam Baggs, Perry See Jason & the Scorchers Baha Men 32 Bailey, Chris See Saints, The Bailey, Derek 40 Bailey, John “Buddy” See Clovers, The Bailey, Keith See Gong Bailey, Mildred 13 Bailey, Pearl 5 Bailey, Phil See Earth, Wind and Fire Bailey, Tom See Thompson Twins Bailey, Victor See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Bailon, Adrienne See 3LW Bain, Jimmy See Rainbow Bain, Pete See Spacemen 3 Bainbridge, Harvey See Hawkwind Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baker, Arthur 23 Baker, Bobby See Tragically Hip, The Baker, Brian See Bad Religion Baker, Chet 13 Baker, Dale See Sixpence None the Richer Baker, David See Mercury Rev Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baker, James See Hoodoo Gurus Baker, Janet 14 Baker, Jon See Charlatans, The Baker, Josephine 10

Cumulative Musicians Index • 253

See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Barker, Andrew See 808 State Barker, Paul See Ministry Barker, Travis Landon See Aquabats, The Also see Blink 182 Barksdale, Charles See Dells, The Barlow, Andy See Lamb Barlow, Barriemore See Jethro Tull Barlow, Bruce See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barlow, Tommy See Aztec Camera Barnes, Danny See Bad Livers, The Barnes, Don See .38 Special Barnes, Jeffrey See Brave Combo Barnes, Jeremy See Neutral Milk Hotel Barnes, Jimmy See Cold Chisel Barnes, Kevin See Of Montreal Barnes, Micah See Nylons, The Barnes, Neil See Leftfield Barnes, Nina See Of Montreal Barnes, Prentiss See Moonglows, The

See Turtle Island String Quartet Balanescu, Alexander See Spiritualized Balch, Bob See Fu Manchu Balch, Michael See Front Line Assembly Baldassari, Butch 43 Balderrama, Robert “Bobby” See ? and the Mysterians Baldes, Kevin See Lit Baldry, Long John 51 Baldursson, Sigtryggur See Sugarcubes, The Baldwin, Donny See Starship Bales, Kevin See Spiritualized Balfa, Christine See Balfa Toujours Balfa, Dewey 49 Balfa Toujours 54 Baliardo, Diego See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Paco See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Tonino See Gipsy Kings, The Balin, Marty See Jefferson Airplane Ball, Dave See Soft Cell Ball, Ian See Gomez Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Ball, Michael 43 Ball, Roger See Average White Band Ballance, Laura See Superchunk Ballard, Florence See Supremes, The Ballard, Hank 17 Ballew, Chris See Presidents of the United States of America, The Balsamo, Terry See Cold

Band, The 9 Banda el Recodo 56 Bang, Billy See String Trio of New York Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Bangalter, Thomas See Daft Punk Bangles, The 22 Bangs, Lester 44 Banhart, Devendra 52 Banks, Lloyd 60 Banks, Nick See Pulp Banks, Paul See Interpol Banks, Peter See Yes Banks, Tony See Genesis Banner, David 58 Banton, Buju 35 Banton, Hugh See Van der Graaf Generator

Bardens, Peter See Camel

Barnwell, Duncan See Simple Minds

Balsamo, Terry See Evanescence

Bardo Pond 28

Barnwell, Ysaye Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Balsley, Phil See Statler Brothers, The

Bareilles, Sara 64

Baltes, Peter See Dokken

Bapa, Alexander See Huun-Huur-Tu Bapa, Sayan See Huun-Huur-Tu Barachois 53 Baratto, Krys See Great White Barbarossa, Dave See Republica Barbata, John See Jefferson Starship Barber, Don See Northwoods Improvisers Barber, Keith See Soul Stirrers, The Barber, Patricia 40 Barber, Samuel 34 Barbero, Lori See Babes in Toyland Barbieri, Gato 22 Barbirolli, Lady Evelyn See Rothwell, Evelyn Barbot, Bill See Jawbox

Bare, Bobby 48 Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Barenberg, Russ 63

Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barnett, Amanda See Ditty Bops, The Barnett, Mandy 26

Barocas, Zach See Jawbox Barr, Al See Dropkick Murphys

Baltimore, Charli 54

Barenboim, Daniel 30

Baker, LaVern 25

Balzano, Vinnie See Less Than Jake

Bargeld, Blixa See Einstürzende Neubauten

Baker, Victor See Liquid Soul

Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Bargeron, Dave See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Baker, Wilson See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Bamonte, Perry See Cure, The

Barham, Meriel See Lush

Baksh, Dave “Brownsound” See Sum 41

Bananarama 22

Barile, Jo See Ventures, The

Barre, Martin See Jethro Tull

Barjed, Mattias

Barrere, Paul

Balakrishnan, David

Bancroft, Cyke See Bevis Frond

Barr, Jess See Slobberbone Barr, Ralph See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Barradas, Miggy See Divine Comedy, The Barra MacNeils, The 48

254 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Little Feat Barret, Charlie See Fixx, The Barreto, Alex See Alien Ant Farm Barrett, Aaron See Reel Big Fish Barrett, Dicky See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Barrett, Howard See Paragons, The Barrett, Mike See Lettermen, The Barrett, Robert “T-Mo” See Goodie Mob Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrett, Tina See S Club 7 Barretto, Ray 37 Barrick, Matt See Walkmen, The Barrino, Fantasia 61 Barron, Christopher See Spin Doctors Barron, Kenny 37 Barrow, Geoff See Portishead Barrueco, Manuel 39 Barry, Grant See Reel Big Fish Barry, John 29 Barry, Mark See BBMak Barson, Mike See Madness Bartek, Steve See Oingo Boingo Bartels, Joanie 13 Barth, Bruce 50 Barth, Molly See eighth blackbird Barthol, Bruce See Country Joe and the Fish Bartholomew, Simon See Brand New Heavies, The Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Barton, Lou Ann See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Barton, Rick See Dropkick Murphys Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bartos, Karl See James Gang Bartos, Karl See Kraftwerk Barzelay, Eef See Clem Snide

Bass, Colin See Camel Bass, Fontella 49 Bass, Lance See ’N Sync Bass, Ralph 24 Bastida, Ceci (Cecilia) See Tijuana No! Batchelor, Kevin See Big Mountain Also see Steel Pulse Batel, Beate See Einstürzende Neubauten Bateman, Bill See Blasters, The Bates, Stuart “Pinkie” See Divine Comedy, The Batiste, David See Meters, The Batiste, Lionel See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Batoh, Masaki See Ghost Also see Pearls Before Swine Battin, Skip See Byrds, The Battle, John See Fairfield Four Battle, Kathleen 6 Battle, Phyllis See Fifth Dimension Battlefield Band, The 31 Batty, Cody See Fugs, The Baucom, Terry See IIIrd Tyme Out Bauer, Johannes 32 Bauer, Judah See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Bauer, Peter See Walkmen, The Bauermeister, Chris See Jawbreaker Bauhaus 27 Baum, Kevin See Chanticleer Baumann, Peter See Tangerine Dream Baumgartner, Pit See De Phazz Bautista, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Baxter, Adrian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Baxter, Jeff See Doobie Brothers, The Baxter, Les 47

Baynton-Power, David See James Bays, Steve See Hot Hot Heat Bazan, David See Pedro the Lion Bazilian, Eric See Hooters Bazz, John See Blasters, The BBMak 38 Be Good Tanyas 48 Beach House 65 Beach Boys, The 1 Beale, Michael See Earth, Wind and Fire Beamer, Keola 43 Beard, Annette See Martha and the Vandellas Beard, Frank See ZZ Top Beasley, Les See Florida Boys, The Beasley, Paul See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers 23 Beat Happening 28 Beatles, The 2 Beau Brummels 39 Beauford, Carter See Dave Matthews Band Beausoleil 37 Beautiful South 19 Beauvoir, Jean See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Bechdel, John See Fear Factory Bechet, Sidney 17 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck, William See Ohio Players

See Stereo MC’s Bedeau, Curt (Curt-t-t) See Full Force Bedford, Mark See Madness Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Beech, Wes See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Beecham, Thomas 27 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Beenie Man 33 Beers, Garry Gary See INXS Bega, Lou 36 Begs See Les Négresses Vertes Behler, Chuck See Megadeth Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Beiser, Maya See Bang on a Can All-Stars Bejar, Daniel See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers Belafonte, Harry 8 Belanger, George See Christian Death Beldon, Bob 62 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see King Crimson Belfield, Dennis See Three Dog Night Belgrave, Marcus 57 Belitsky, Mike See Pernice Brothers Also see Sadies, The Belk, Darren See Wedding Present, The Bell, Andy See Erasure Also see Oasis Also see Ride Bell, Brian See Weezer

Beckenstein, Jay See Spyro Gyra

Bell, Carl See Fuel

Becker, Joseph See Loud Family, The

Bell, Chris See Big Star

Becker, Margaret 31

Bell, Chris See Gene Loves Jezebel

Baxter, Steve See Daniel Amos

Beckett, Peter See Player

Basehead 11

Bayer Sager, Carole See Sager, Carole Bayer

Beckford, Andrew “Bees” See Black Uhuru

Bayliss, Michael See Saints, The

Beckford, Theophilus See Skatalites, The

Baylor, Helen 20

Beckley, Gerry See America

Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Basher, Mick See X Basia 5 Basie, Count 2

Baylor, Marcus See Yellowjackets

Becker, Walter See Steely Dan

Bedassie, Andrea

Bell, Burton C. See Fear Factory

Bell, Chris See Thompson Twins Bell, Derek See Chieftains, The Bell, Eric See Thin Lizzy Bell, Jayn See Sounds of Blackness Bell, John See Widespread Panic

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Bell, Joshua 21 Bell, Melissa See Soul II Soul Bell, Richard See Blue Aeroplanes, The Bell, Robert “Kool” See Kool & the Gang Bell, Taj See Charm Farm Bell, Trent See Chainsaw Kittens, The Bell X1 64 Belladonna, Joey See Anthrax Bellamy, Anthony See Redbone Bellamy, David See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Howard See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Matthew See Muse Bellamy Brothers, The 13 Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Belle and Sebastian 28 Bellinger, Dennis See Grand Funk Railroad Bello, Elissa See Go-Go’s, The Bello, Frank See Anthrax Bello, Frank See Gaelic Storm Belly 16 Belove, David See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Belton, Ian See Brodsky Quartet Beltrán, Lola 48 Beltrán, Tito 28 Belushi, John See Blues Brothers, The Bement, Dwight See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Ben Folds Five 20 Benante, Charlie See Anthrax Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Benatar, Pat 8 Benchetrit, Ohad See Broken Social Scene Benckert, Vicki See Roxette Bender, Ariel See Mott the Hoople Benedetti, Nicola 62 Benedict, Scott See Pere Ubu Benét, Eric 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Benett, Graham See Rainbow Ben Geloune, Latfi

See Orchestra Baobab Bengry, Peter See Cornershop Benitez, Jellybean 15 Benjamin, Andre “Dre” See OutKast Benjamin, William “Benny” See Funk Brothers Bennett, Brian See Shadows, The Bennett, Estelle See Ronettes, The Bennett, Gary See BR5-49 Bennett, Jay See Wilco Bennett, Patricia See Chiffons, The Bennett, Ronnie See Ronettes, The Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bennett-Nesby, Ann See Sounds of Blackness Benning, Sadie See Le Tigre Bennington, Chester See Linkin Park Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Benoit, Tab 31 Benson, Brendan 55 Benson, Brendan See Raconteurs, The Benson, George 9 Benson, Jessica See 3LW Benson, Ray See Asleep at the Wheel Benson, Renaldo “Obie” See Four Tops, The Benson, Wayne See IIIrd Tyme Out Bentley, Dierks 56 Bentley, Jay See Circle Jerks Also see Bad Religion Bentley, John See Squeeze Benton, Brook 7 Bentyne, Cheryl See Manhattan Transfer, The Berenyi, Miki See Lush Beres, Jeff See Sister Hazel

Cumulative Musicians Index • 255

Berry, Bill See R.E.M.

Bess, Chris See Southern Culture on the Skids Bessant, Jack See Reef Best, Brent See Slobberbone Best, Nathaniel See O’Jays, The Best, Pete See Beatles, The Beta Band, The 27 Betha, Mason See Mase Bethea, Ken See Old 97’s Bettencourt, Nuno See Extreme Better Than Ezra 19 Bettie Serveert 17 Bettini, Tom See Jackyl Betts, Dicky See Allman Brothers, The Beulah 48 Bevan, Alonza See Kula Shaker Bevan, Bev See Black Sabbath Also see Electric Light Orchestra Bever, Pete See Workhorse Movement, The Bevis Frond 23 Bey, Andy 45 Bezozi, Alan See Dog’s Eye View B-52’s, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bhag-dad-a, Omar See Lane, Fred Biafra, Jello 18 Also see Dead Kennedys Bibey, Alan See IIIrd Tyme Out Bidini, Dave See Rheostatics

Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Bidwell, Dave See Savoy Brown

Berry, Jan See Jan & Dean

Big Audio Dynamite 18

Berry, John 17

Big Bank Hank See Sugarhill Gang

Bergeson, Ben See Aquabats, The Berggren, Jenny See Ace of Base Berggren, Jonas See Ace of Base Berggren, Linn See Ace of Base Berggren, Wes See Tripping Daisy Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Bergmark, Christina See Wannadies, The Berigan, Bunny 2 Bering Strait 57 Berio, Luciano 32 Berkely, Anthony (Poetic the Grym Reaper) See Gravediggaz Berko, Ivan See Love as Laughter Berkowitz, Daisy See Marilyn Manson Berlin 62 Berlin, Irving 8 Berlin, Liz See Rusted Root Berlin, Steve See Blasters, The Also see Los Lobos Berline, Byron See Dillards, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Bermúdez, Obie 63 Bernal, Eloy See Conjunto Bernal Bernal, Paulino See Conjunto Bernal Bernal, Steve See Poi Dog Pondering Berndt, Jay See Kilgore Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2

Berry, Robert See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Berry, Roy See Lucero

Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38

Big Country? 49 Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20 Big Mike See Geto Boys, The

Berg, Matraca 16

Berry, Shaun See Los Lonely Boys

Berg, Moe See Pursuit of Happiness, The

Berryhill, Bob See Surfaris, The

Big Mountain 23

Berg, Ron See Savoy Brown

Berryman, Guy See Coldplay

Big Paul See Killing Joke

Berge, Chuck See Rainbow

Bert, Bob See Sonic Youth

Big Punisher 43

Berge, Svein See Röyksopp

Beschta, Scott See Promise Ring, The

Big V See Nappy Roots

Big Money Odis See Digital Underground

Big Star 36

256 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Big Youth 43 Big & Rich 57 Biger, Guenole See Les Négresses Vertes Bigham, John See Fishbone Big Tymers, The 42 Bilk, Acker 47 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Billingham, Mickey See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Bingham, John See Fishbone Bin Hassan, Umar See Last Poets Binks, Les See Judas Priest Binns, Henry See Zero 7 Biondo, Eric See Antibalas Biondo, George See Steppenwolf Birch, Rob See Stereo MC’s Birchfield, Benny See Osborne Brothers, The Bird See Parker, Charlie Bird, Andrew 46 Birdsong, Cindy See Supremes, The Birdstuff See Man or Astroman? Birgisson, Jón Pór See Sigur Rós Birmingham, Mark See Saints, The Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Biscuits, Chuck See Circle Jerks Also see Danzig Also see D.O.A. Also see Social Distortion Bishop, Elvin 41 Bishop, Jeb 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Bishop, Matt See Switches

See D12 BizzyBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Bjelland, Kat See Babes in Toyland Bjerregard, Marty See Saints, The Bjork, Brant See Fu Manchu Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Bobby See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black, Jack See Tenacious D Black, Jet See Stranglers, The Black, Jimmy Carl “India Ink” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Black, Jully 64 Black, Lori See Melvins Black, Lorne See Great White Black, Mary 15 Black, Robert See Bang on a Can All-Stars Black, Tommy See Paloalto Black, Vic See C + C Music Factory Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Black Francis See Black, Frank Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9

Bishop, Michael See Gwar Bishop, Steven See Powderfinger Bitney, Dan See Tortoise Bitts, Mike See Innocence Mission, The Bixler, Cedric See At The Drive-In Bixler, Solon See Earlimart Bixler Zavala, Cedric See Mars Volta, The

Black Sheep 15

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Cameo Blackmore, Ritchie See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Blackstreet 23 Blackwell, Ben See Dirtbombs, The Blackwell, Chris 26 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blackwell, Otis 57 Blackwood, Sarah See Dubstar Blackwood, Terry See Imperials, The Bladd, Stephen Jo See J. Geils Band Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Blair, Ron See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Blake, Eubie 19 Blake, Katharine See Mediaeval Baebes Blake, Norman 47 Blake, Norman See Swizz Beatz Blake, Norman See Teenage Fanclub Blake, Ran 38 Blake, Tim See Gong Blakely, Paul See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Blakey, Art 11 Blakey, Colin See Waterboys, The Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Bland, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Blasters, The 41 Blatt, Melanie See All Saints

Black Thought See Roots, The

Bleek, Memphis 56

Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Blegvad, Peter 28

Blackalicious 39

Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Blackburn, Paul See Gomez Black Crowes, The 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 BlackHawk 21

Blegen, Jutith 23 Blessid Union of Souls 20

Bley, Paul 14 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Block, Ken See Sister Hazel Block, Norman See Rasputina Block, Rory 18 Blocker, Joe See Love Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blondin, Dan See Samples Blondy, Alpha 40 Blood, Dave See Dead Milkmen Blood, Johnny See Magnetic Fields, The Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Bloom, Eric See Blue Oyster Cult Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blount, Herman “Sonny” See Sun Ra Blue, Buddy See Beat Farmers Blue, Sam See Ultravox Blue, Vicky See Runaways, The Blue Highway 41 Blue Man Group 44 Blue Mountain 38 Blue October 61 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Blue Six 64 Blue Sky Boys 46 Blue Aeroplanes, The 39 Bluechel Jr., Ted See Association, The Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blues, Elwood See Blues Brothers, The Blues, “Joliet” Jake See Blues Brothers, The Blues Traveler 15 Blues Brothers, The 3 Bluetones, The 29 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet

Blackinton, Ryland See Cobra Starship

Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27

Blunda, Andy See Paloalto

Black Keys, The 64

Bliss, Lang See Ceili Rain

Blunstone, Colin See Zombies, The

Bloc Party 62

Blunt, James 63

Bloch, Alan See Concrete Blonde

Blunt, John See Searchers, The

Bloch, Kurt See Fastbacks, The

Blunt, Martin See Charlatans, The

Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackman, Nicole See Golden Palominos

Biz Markie 10

Blackman, Tee-Wee See Memphis Jug Band

Bizarre

Blackmon, Larry

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Blythe, Arthur See Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Blythe, Geoffrey See Black 47 Blythe, Jeff See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Boards of Canada 44 Bob, Tim See Rage Against the Machine Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Bobe, Andrés See La Ley Bobo, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Böcker, Eva See Ensemble Modern BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bodine, Michelle See Brainiac Bøe, Eirik See Kings of Convenience Boeijin, Frank See Gathering, The Boesel, Jason See Rilo Kiley Boff, Richard See Chumbawamba Bofill, Angela 57 Bogaert, Jo See Technotronic Bogart, Mike See Tower of Power Bogdan, Henry See Helmet Boggs, Dock 25 Boggs, Tom See Box Tops, The Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Bogie, Stuart See Antibalas Bogios, Jim See Counting Crows

Cumulative Musicians Index • 257

See James Boquist, Dave See Son Volt Boquist, Jim See Son Volt Borchardt, Jeffrey See Velvet Crush Bordeleau, Michel See La Bottine Souriante Borden, B.B. See Molly Hatchet Bordin, Mike See Faith No More Boredoms, The 28 Borg, Bobby See Warrant Borge, Victor 19 Borger, Jason See American Music Club Borjas, Larry See ? and the Mysterians Borland, Wes See Limp Bizkit Borowiak, Tony See All-4-One Börtz, Daniel 52 Borzilova, Natasha See Bering Strait Bosé, Miguel 40 Boss Hog 29 Bossard, Henry K. See Swan Silvertones, The Bostaph, Paul See Slayer Bostek, James See Atomic Fireballs, The Bostic-Summers, Yvette See Los Hombres Calientes Boston 11 Boston, Mark “Rockette Morton” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Bostrom, Derrick See Meat Puppets, The Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bottle Rockets 42 Botts, Mike See Bread

Bolade Casel, Nitanju See Sweet Honey in the Rock

See Blue Sky Boys Bolick, Earl See Blue Sky Boys Bolin, Tommy See James Gang Bolles, Don See Germs, The Bolling, Claude 49 Bolooki, Cyrus See New Found Glory Bolton, Dan See Supersuckers Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonamy, James 21 Bond 43 Bond, Johnny 28 Bondy, Gavin See Musiq Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bonebrake, D. J. See X Bonfanti, Jim See Raspberries Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Bonham, John See Led Zeppelin Bonham, Tracy 34 Bon Jovi, Jon See Bon Jovi Bonnar, Graham See Swervedriver Bonnecaze, Cary See Better Than Ezra Bonner, Leroy “Sugarfoot” See Ohio Players Bonney, Barbara 33 Bono, Sonny See Sonny and Cher Bono See U2 Bonsall, Joe See Oak Ridge Boys, The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Booher, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel Booker, James 62 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Books See Das EFX Boom Boom, Mahatma See Rube Waddell Boon, D. See Minutemen, The Boone, Debby 46

Bolan, Marc See T. Rex

Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Bolan, Rachel See Skid Row

Boone, Steve See Lovin’ Spoonful

Bolcom, William 54

Bogle, Bob See Ventures, The

Bottum, Roddy See Faith No More Also see Imperial Teen

Bourdon, Rob See Linkin Park Bouvier, Pierre See Simple Plan Bovine, Vinnie See Screeching Weasel Bow Wow 45 Bowen, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The Bowens, Sir Harry See Was (Not Was) Bowery, Leigh See Minty Bowery, Nicole See Minty Bowes, Tom See Tower of Power Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowie, Lester 29 Also see Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Bowling for Soup 54 Bowman, James See Against Me! Bowman, Steve See Counting Crows Bown, Andy See Status Quo Box, Mick See Uriah Heep Boxcar Willie 41 Box Tops, The 44 Boy Howdy 21 Boyd, Brandon See Incubus Boyd, Eadie See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Elena See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Liona 7 Boyd, Milly See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Will See Evanescence Boyer, Patrick See Northwoods Improvisers Boyes, Jim See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Boyle, Doug See Caravan Boys Night Out 63 Boyz II Men 15

Bouchard, Albert See Blue Oyster Cult

Boyzone 40

Bouchard, Joe See Blue Oyster Cult

Bozulich, Carla See Geraldine Fibbers

Bouchikhi, Chico See Gipsy Kings, The

Bozzio, Dale See Missing Persons

Boulanger, Nadia 56 Boulding, Bob See Young Dubliners

Bozzio, Terry See Knack, The Also see Missing Persons

Boo Radleys, The 21

Boulding, Pam (Pattison) See Magical Strings

Bracken, Ben See Northwoods Improvisers

Bold, Thomas See Chanticleer

Booth, Sean See Autechre

Boulding, Philip See Magical Strings

Brad 21

Bolick, Bill

Booth, Tim

Boulez, Pierre 26

Bohannon, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Bohay-Nowell, Victor Dudley See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band

Brad Daddy X See Kottonmouth Kings

258 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Bradbury, John See Specials, The Bradbury, Randy See Pennywise Bradfield, James Dean See Manic Street Preachers Bradley, Jacob See Vigilantes of Love Bradley, Michael See Undertones, The Bradley, Robert See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Bradshaw, Kym See Saints, The Bradshaw, Tim See Dog’s Eye View Bradstreet, Rick See Bluegrass Patriots Brady, Pat See Sons of the Pioneers Brady, Paul 8 Braff, Ruby 43 Bragg, Billy 7 Bragg, Nicolass See Destroyer Bragg, Todd See Caedmon’s Call Braggs, Larry See Tower of Power Brahem, Anouar 46 Brain, Matt See Grapes of Wrath, The Brainiac 53 Braithwaite, Stuart See Mogwai Bramah, Martin See Fall, The Bramlett, Bekka See Fleetwood Mac Bramley, Clyde See Hoodoo Gurus Branca, Glenn 29 Branch, Michelle 47 Brancowitz, Laurent See Phoenix Brand New Heavies, The 14 Brandon, Ronnie See McCoys, The Brandt, Paul 22 Brandy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Branigan, Laura 2 Brann, Chris 63 Brannon, Kippi 20 Brant, Henry 39

Braxton, Anthony 12 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brazilian Girls 65 Bread 40 Breadman, Scott See Rippingtons B-Real See Cypress Hill Bream, Julian 9 Breaux, Jimmy See Beausoleil Brecker, Michael 29 Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Bregante, Merel See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brendel, Alfred 23 Brennan, Ciaran See Clannad Brennan, Maire See Clannad Brennan, Paul See Odds Brennan, Pol See Clannad Brennan, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Brenner, Simon See Talk Talk Breuker, Willem See Willem Breuker Kollektief Brevette, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Brewer, Don See Grand Funk Railroad BR5-49 35 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Brickman, Jim 22 Bridgeman, Noel See Waterboys, The Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Brigati, Eddie See Rascals, The Briggs, David See Pearls Before Swine Briggs, James Randall See Aquabats, The Briggs, Vic See Animals, The Bright, Garfield See Shai Bright, Ronnie See Coasters, The Bright, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Brookins, Steve See .38 Special

Brooks, Meredith 30 Brooks, Richard See Impressions, The Brooks, Stuart See Dub Trio Brooks, Stuart See Pretty Things, The Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Broom, Bobby 38 Broonzy, Big Bill 13 Brother Ali 63 Brotherdale, Steve See Joy Division Also see Smithereens, The Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Broudie, Ian See Lightning Seeds Broussard, Jules See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Broussard, Marc 63 Broussard, Russ See Continental Drifters Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Amanda See Go-Betweens, The Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Brooks See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Brown, Bundy K. See Tortoise Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Chris 64 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Brown, Clarence 58 Brown, Clifford 24 Brown, Dan K. See Fixx, The Brown, Danny Joe See Molly Hatchet Brown, Dan See Royal Trux Brown, Dennis 29 Brown, Deondra See 5 Browns, The Brown, Desirae See 5 Browns, The Brown, Donny See Verve Pipe, The

Brooks, Arthur See Impressions, The

Brown, Duncan See Stereolab

Brooks, Baba See Skatalites, The

Brown, Earle 41

Brindley, Paul See Sundays, The Brinsley Schwarz 40 Brion, Jon 52 Brisebois, Danielle See New Radicals, The Bristol, Johnny 62 Britt, Michael See Lonestar Britten, Benjamin 15 Brittingham, Eric See Cinderella Brix See Fall, The Broadly, Whit See Paladins, The Broadnax, Willie See Fairfield Four Brock, Dave See Hawkwind Brock, Isaac See Modest Mouse Brock, Jesse See Lynn Morris Band Brockenborough, Dennis See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Brockie, Dave See Gwar Brodsky Quartet 41 Broemel, Carl See My Morning Jacket Broken Social Scene 63 Brokop, Lisa 22 Brom, Marti 46 Bromberg, David 18 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Bronx, The 65 Brook, Rachel See Flying Saucer Attack Brooke, Jonatha 56 Also see Story, The Brooker, Gary See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Brooker, Nicholas “Natty” See Spacemen 3 Brookes, Jon See Charlatans, The Brookes, Steve See Jam, The

Brown, Eddie “Bongo” See Funk Brothers

Bright Eyes 42

Brooks, DJ See Citizen King

Brashear, Todd See Slint

Brightman, Jonathan See Buckcherry

Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Brown, George See Kool & the Gang

Bratke, Marcelo 52

Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Brooks, Hadda 43

Brown, Gregory See 5 Browns, The

Brantley, Junior See Roomful of Blues

Bratton, Creed See Grass Roots, The Brautbar, Jacques See Phantom Planet Brave Combo 31

Briley, Alex See Village People, The Brill, Rob See Berlin

Brooks, Kix See Brooks & Dunn

Brown, Foxy 25

Brown, Greg 56

Brooks, Leon Eric “Kix” III See Brooks & Dunn

Brown, Greg See Cake

Brooks, Lonnie 54

Brown, Harold

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See War Brown, Heidi See Treadmill Trackstar Brown, Ian See Stone Roses, The Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Jimmy See UB40 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Lawrence 23 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Melanie See Spice Girls Brown, Melody See 5 Browns, The Brown, Mick See Dokken Brown, Morris See Pearls Before Swine Brown, Norman 29 Brown, Norman See Mills Brothers, The Brown, Oscar Jr. 56 Brown, Paula See Giant Sand Brown, Pete 62 Brown, Rahem See Artifacts Brown, Ray 21 Brown, Robin See Cousteau Brown, Rob See Autechre Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, Ryan See 5 Browns, The Brown, Selwyn “Bumbo” See Steel Pulse Brown, Steven See Tuxedomoon Brown, Tim See Boo Radleys, The Brown, Tom See Gaelic Storm Brown, Tony 14

Brubeck, Dave 8

Also see Soft Machine Bruce, Joseph Frank See Insane Clown Posse Bruel, Patrick 48 Bruford, Bill See King Crimson Also see Yes Brundtland, Torbjorn See Röyksopp Brunet, Andre See La Bottine Souriante Bruni, Carla 64 Bruno, Gioia See Exposé Bruschini, Angelo See Blue Aeroplanes, The Bruster, Thomas See Soul Stirrers, The Bryan, David See Bon Jovi Bryan, Karl See Skatalites, The Bryan, Mark See Hootie and the Blowfish Bryant, Elbridge See Temptations, The Bryant, Jeff See Ricochet Bryant, Jimmy See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bryant, Junior See Ricochet Bryar, Bob See My Chemical Romance Bryck, Merl See Northern Pikes, The Brydon, Mark See Moloko Bryson, Bill See Desert Rose Band, The Bryson, David See Counting Crows Bryson, James See MercyMe Bryson, Peabo 11 Bryson, Wally See Raspberries Brzezicki, Mark See Big Country Also see Ultravox B2K 42 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Bublé, Michael 64 Bucciarelli, Eron See Hawthorne Heights Buchan, Walter See Exploited, The

Bruce, Aaron See Four Lads, The

Buchan, William See Exploited, The

Bruce, Don See Jordanaires, The

Buchanan, Wallis See Jamiroquai

Bruce, Dustan See Chumbawamba

Buchholz, Francis See Scorpions, The

Bruce, Jack See Cream Also see Golden Palominos

Buchignani, Paul See Afghan Whigs

Browne, Ian See Matthew Good Band Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brownstein, Carrie See Sleater-Kinney Brownstone 21

Buck, Mike

Cumulative Musicians Index • 259

Bumbry, Grace 13

Bunkley, John See Atomic Fireballs, The Bunnell, Dewey See America Bunnett, Jane 37 Bunskoeke, Herman See Bettie Serveert Bunton, Emma 54 Also see Spice Girls Burch, Curtis See New Grass Revival, The Burch, Rich See Jimmy Eat World Burchill, Charlie See Simple Minds Burden, Ian See Human League, The Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals, The Also see War Burger, Rob See Tin Hat Trio Burgess, Paul See Camel Also see 10cc Burgess, Sonny 42 Burgess, Tim See Charlatans, The Burgman, Richard See Saints, The Burke, Clem See Blondie Also see Romantics, The Burke, Solomon 36 Burkum, Tyler See Audio Adrenaline Burleson, Jason See Blue Highway Burnel, J.J. See Stranglers, The Burnett, Carol 6 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burnette, Billy See Fleetwood Mac Burney, Chris See Bowling for Soup Burnham, Charles See String Trio of New York Burnham, Hugo See Gang of Four Burning Spear 15 Burns, Annie See Burns Sisters Burns, Barry See Mogwai

Bumpus, Cornelius See Doobie Brothers, The

Burns, Bob See Lynyrd Skynyrd

Bunch, Jon See Sense Field

Burns, Christian See BBMak

Bundrick, John “Rabbit” See Free

Burns, Jeannie See Burns Sisters

Bunford, Huw “Bunf” See Super Furry Animals

Burns, Joey See Calexico Also see Giant Sand

See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Buck, Peter See Minus 5, The Buck, Peter See R.E.M. Buck, Robert See 10,000 Maniacs Buck 65 56 Buckcherry 65 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckland, John See Coldplay Buckler, Ethan See Slint Buckler, Rick See Jam, The Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Buckley, Jeff 22 Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, David See Papa Roach Buckner, Richard 31 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Budgie See Siouxsie and the Banshees Buechner, Sara 53 Buell, Garett See Caedmon’s Call Buerstatte, Phil See White Zombie Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bugz See D12 B¨hler, Urs See Il Divo Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Buitrago, Héctor See Aterciopelados Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Bulgin, Lascelle See Israel Vibration Bulloch, Martin See Mogwai Bullock, Craig “DJ Homicide” See Sugar Ray

Bunker, Clive See Jethro Tull

Burns, Karl

260 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Fall, The Burns, Keith See Trick Pony Burns, Marie See Burns Sisters Burns, Pete See Dead or Alive Burns, Ralph 37 Burns, Sheila See Burns Sisters Burns, Terry See Burns Sisters Burns, Vinnie See Ultravox Burns Sisters 41 Burnside, R. L. 34 Burr, Clive See Iron Maiden Burrell, Boz See Bad Company Burrell, Kenny 11 Burrell, Raymond “Boz” See King Crimson Burroughs, William S. 26 Burrows, Jeff See Tea Party Burse, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Burse, Robert See Memphis Jug Band Burtch, Aaron See Grandaddy Burtnik, Glen See Styx Burton, Cliff See Metallica Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Burton, Tim See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Also see Promise Ring, The Busby, Jheryl 9 Busch, Neil See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Buschman, Carol See Chordettes, The Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bush, Dave See Elastica Also see Fall, The Bush, John See Anthrax

See Four Lads, The Busta Rhymes 62 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Butala, Tony See Lettermen, The Butcher, Bilinda See My Bloody Valentine Butler, Bernard See Suede Butler, Chad See Switchfoot Butler, Jerry See Impressions, The Butler, Joe See Lovin’ Spoonful Butler, Matt See NewSong Butler, Richard See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs Butler, Syd See Les Savy Fav Butler, Terry “Geezer” See Black Sabbath Butler, Tim See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs Butler, Tony See Big Country Butterfield, Don 62 Butterfield, Paul 23 Butterfly See Digable Planets Butthole Surfers 16 Buttrey, Kenneth See Pearls Before Swine Buxton, Felix See Basement Jaxx Buynak, John See Rusted Root Buzzcocks, The 9 B*Witched 33 Byard, Jaki 56 Byers, Roddy See Specials, The Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, Chris See Black 47 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Byrne, Dermot See Altan Byrne, Nicky See Westlife Byrom, Larry See Steppenwolf Byron, David See Uriah Heep

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cable, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Cable, Stuart See Stereophonics Cabra, Eduardo See Calle 13 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cachao See Lopez, Israel “Cachao” Caddell, Jason See Dismemberment Plan Cadogan, Kevin See Third Eye Blind Caedmon’s Call 39 Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Café Tacuba 45 Cafferty, John See Beaver Brown Band, The Caffey, Charlotte See Go-Go’s, The Cage, John 8 Caggiano, Rob See Anthrax Cahn, Sammy 11 Cain, Jeffrey See Remy Zero Cain, Jonathan See Journey Caine, Uri 31 Caivano, Phil See Monster Magnet Cake 27 Calabrese, John See Danko Jones Calandra, Joe See Monster Magnet Calder, Kathryn See Immaculate Machine Calderon, Mark See Color Me Badd Calderón, Tego 53 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Caldwell, Tommy See Marshall Tucker Band Caldwell, Toy See Marshall Tucker Band Cale, J. J. 16 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The

Callahan, Thad See Jayhawks, The Callas, Maria 11 Calle 13 65 Calleros, Juan See Maná Callis, Jo See Human League, The Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Bernie See Hollies, The Calvert, Bob See Hawkwind Calvert, Casey See Hawthorne Heights Calvert, Robert 30 Camaro, Vivian See Lanternjack, The Camel 21 Camel, Abdul Ben See Lane, Fred Cameo 60 Cameron, Clayton See Ralph Sharon Quartet Cameron, Dave “Tito” See Brave Combo Cameron, Duncan See Sawyer Brown Cameron, G. C. See Spinners, The Cameron, Matt See Pearl Jam Also see Soundgarden Cameron, Timothy See Silk Camp, Greg See Smash Mouth Campbell, Ali See UB40 Campbell, Eddie See Texas Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Glen See Exploited, The Campbell, Isobel See Belle and Sebastian Campbell, Kerry See War Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Luther 10 Campbell, Martyn See Lightning Seeds

Calhoun, Will See Living Colour

Campbell, Mike See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

California, Randy See Spirit

Campbell, Phil See Motörhead

Calire, Mario See Wallflowers, The

Campbell, Robin See UB40

Call, John David See Pure Prairie League

Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23

Byron, Don 22 Byron, Lord T. See Lords of Acid

Callahan, Ken See Jayhawks, The

Bushwick, Bill See Geto Boys, The

C + C Music Factory 16

Busseri, Frank

Cabaret Voltaire 18

Callahan, Ray See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bush, Kristian See Sugarland Bush, Roger See Flying Burrito Brothers Bush, Sam See New Grass Revival, The Bushkin, Joe 54

Caballe, Monserrat 23

Calexico 33

Campbell, Scott See Paladins, The Campbell, Sterling See Duran Duran Campbell, Tevin 13 Campbell, Vivian

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Def Leppard Campeau, Don See Lettermen, The Campi, Ray 44 Cam’ron 39 Can 28 Canada, Cody See Cross Canadian Ragweed Canadian Brass, The 4 Canales, Laura 56 Canavase, Matthias See Les Négresses Vertes Candlebox 32 Canler, Coz See Romantics, The Cann, Warren See Ultravox Canned Heat 44 Canning, Brendan See Broken Social Scene Cannon, Ace 65 Cantrell, Blu 45 Cantrell, Jerry See Alice in Chains Cantrell, Laura 57 Canty, Brendan See Fugazi Canty, James See Make-Up, The Capaldi, Jim See Traffic Caparro, Jim 62 Capleton 40 Cappadonna 43 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Cappelli, Frank 14 Cappos, Andy See Built to Spill Capps, Bobby See .38 Special Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Carabello, Paul See Ataris, The Caravan 24 Carbonara, Paul See Blondie Carbone, Tim See Railroad Earth Card, Michael 40 Cardew, Cornelius 56 Also see AMM Cardigans 19 Cardwell, Joi 22 Carey, Danny See Tool Carey, Jake See Flamingos, The Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carey, Pat See Baha Men Carey, Ron See Baha Men

Cumulative Musicians Index • 261

Carey, Tony See Rainbow Carey, Zeke See Flamingos, The Carl, Barry See Rockapella Carli, Micah See Hawthorne Heights Carlile, Brandi 63 Carlisi, Jeff See .38 Special Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Go-Go’s, The Carlisle, Bob 22 Carll, Hayes 65 Carlos, Bun E. See Cheap Trick Carlos, Don See Black Uhuru Carlos, Wendy 46 Carlson, Edward See Flotsam and Jetsam Carlson, Paulette See Highway 101 Carlstroem, Vigilante See Hives, The Carlton, Larry 38 Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carman 36 Carmen, Eric See Raspberries Carmichael, Greg See Acoustic Alchemy Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carmichael, Jesse See Maroon 5 Carnes, Kim 4 Carney, Patrick See Black Keys, The Carolina Chocolate Drops 63 Carpenter, Bob See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Carpenter, Karen See Carpenters, The Carpenter, Patrick See Cinematic Orchestra Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters, The Carpenter, Stephen See Deftones Carpenters, The 13 Carr, Ben See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Carr, David See Third Day Carr, Eric See Kiss

Carrack, Paul See Mike & the Mechanics Also see Squeeze Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Carrero, Manny See Saves the Day Carrethers, Harold See Fairfield Four Carrethers, Rufus See Fairfield Four Carrigan, Andy See Mekons, The Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carroll, David See Blasters, The Carroll, Dina 31 Carroll, Earl “Speedo” See Coasters, The Carroll, Gregory See Orioles, The Carroll, Howard See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Carroll, Jim 46 Carruthers, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees Carruthers, William B. “Willie” See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Cars, The 20 Carson, Adam See AFI Carson, Jason See O.C. Supertones, The Carson, Lori See Golden Palominos Carswell, David See Destroyer Carswell, Eddie See NewSong Cartaya, Oscar See Spyro Gyra Carter, A. P. See Carter Family, The Carter, Aaron 35 Carter, Anita See Carter Family, The Carter, Anna “Effie” See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers

Carter, David Parker See Chuck Wagon Gang

See Carter Family, The Carter, James 18 Carter, Janette See Carter Family, The Carter, Jimmy See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Carter, Joe See Carter Family, The Carter, Johnnie See Dells, The Carter, Johnny See Flamingos, The Carter, John 34 Carter, June Cash 6 Also see Carter Family, The Carter, Laura See Elf Power Carter, Maybell See Carter Family, The Carter, Nell 7 Carter, Newton See Vigilantes of Love Carter, Nick See Backstreet Boys Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Carter, Rosa Lola See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Roy See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Ruth Ellen See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Sara See Carter Family, The Carter USM 31 Carter Family, The 3 Carter-Harrison, Roberta See Wild Strawberries Carthy, Eliza 31 Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Caruso, Enrico 10 Carvalho, Beth 60 Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Cary, Justin See Sixpence None the Richer Casablancas, Julian See Strokes, The Casady, Jack See Jefferson Airplane Casale, Bob See Devo Casale, Gerald V. See Devo Casals, Pablo 9 Case 38

Carr, James 23

Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Case, Neko 40 Also see New Pornographers

Carter, Dorothy See Mediaeval Baebes

Case, Peter 13

Carr, Martin See Boo Radleys, The Carr, Teddy See Ricochet Carr, Vikki 28 Carrabba, Chris See Dashboard Confessional

Carter, Betty 6 Carter, Brent See Tower of Power Carter, Carlene 8

Carter, Elliott 30

Casella, Teresa See Mediaeval Baebes

Carter, Ernest See Chuck Wagon Gang

Casey, Brandon See Jagged Edge

Carter, Helen

Casey, Brian

262 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Jagged Edge Casey, Harry See KC and the Sunshine Band Casey, Karan See Solas Casey, Ken See Dropkick Murphys Cash, Andrew See Cash Brothers Cash, Danny See My Morning Jacket Cash, Fred See Impressions, The Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Peter See Cash Brothers Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cash Brothers 47 Cashdollar, Cindy See Asleep at the Wheel Cashion, Doc “Bob” See Lane, Fred Casillas, Eddie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Frank See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Jorge See Voodoo Glow Skulls Cassidy 57 Cassidy, Ed See Spirit Cassidy, Eva 35 Cassidy, Paul See Brodsky Quartet Castellano, Torry See Donnas, The Castillo, Emilio See Tower of Power Castillo, Randy See Mötley Crüe Casting Crowns 59 Cat Power 30 Catallo, Chet See Spyro Gyra Catallo, Chris See Surfin’ Pluto Catallo, Gene See Surfin’ Pluto Catatonia 29 Catching, Dave See Queens of the Stone Age Cates, Ronny See Petra Cathcart, Patti See Tuck & Patti

Cattermole, Paul See S Club 7 Caughlan, Jim See Pure Prairie League Caughthran, Matt See Bronx, The Caustic Resin 31 Caustic Window See Aphex Twin Cauty, Jimmy See KLF, The Also see Orb, The Cavacas, Chris See Giant Sand Cavalera, Igor See Sepultura Cavalera, Max See Sepultura Also see Soulfly Cavaliere, Felix See Rascals, The Cavallario, Tony See Aloha Cavanaugh, Frank See Filter Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cavoukian, Raffi See Raffi Caws, Matthew See Nada Surf Caymmi, Dorival 65 Cazares, Dino See Fear Factory Cease, Jeff See Black Crowes, The Cee-Lo 49 Also see Gnarls Barkley Ceili Rain 34 Cervantes, Hector See Casting Crowns Cervenka, Exene 57 Also see X Cervera, Rod See Rentals, The Cesare, DJ See Stereo MC’s Cester, Chris See Jet Cester, Nic See Jet Cetera, Peter See Chicago Chad, Dominic See Mansun Chad & Jeremy 62 Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chailly, Riccardo 35

See Smashing Pumpkins Chambers, Dennis See Niacin Chambers, Guy See Waterboys, The Chambers, Jimmy See Mercury Rev Chambers, Kasey 36 Chambers, Martin See Pretenders, The Chambers, Paul 18 Chambers, Terry See XTC Champion, Eric 21 Champion, Will See Coldplay Chan, Spencer See Aqua Velvets Chance, David “Davinch” See Ruff Endz Chance, Slim See Cramps, The Chancellor, Justin See Tool Chandler, Chas See Animals, The Chandler, Erik See Bowling for Soup Chandler, Gene 46 Chandler, Knox See Golden Palominos Chandler, Tim See Daniel Amos Chandra, Sheila 16 Chandrasonic See Asian Dub Foundation Chaney, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chant, Tom See Cinematic Orchestra Chanticleer 33 Chao, Manu 41 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin, Jen 49 Chapin, Tom 11 Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chaplin, Nick See Slowdive Chaplin, Tom See Keane Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Billy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Catherall, Joanne See Human League, The

Chainsaw Kittens, The 33

Chapman, Dave See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Chenier, C. J. 15

Chapman, Gary 33

Chenille Sisters, The 16

Chali 2na See Jurassic 5

Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Chenoweth, Kristin 55

Chamberlain, Jerry See Daniel Amos

Chapman, Tony See Rolling Stones, The

Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher

Chamberlin, Jimmy

Chapman, Tracy 20

Cherise, Cyd

Catherine, Philip 59 Catherine Wheel 18 Catlin, Fritz See 23 Skidoo Cato, Andy See Groove Armada

Chalfant, David See Nields, The

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chappell, Ray See Savoy Brown Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charig, Marc See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13 Charlatans, The 55 Charles, Gerry C. “Baby Gerry” See Full Force Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Charles, Yolanda See Aztec Camera Charm Farm 20 Charman, Shaun See Wedding Present, The Charmichael, Chris See Ceili Rain Chase, Brian See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Chasez, Joshua Scott “JC” See ’N Sync Chastain, Paul See Velvet Crush Chater, Eos See Bond Chater, Kerry See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Chatham County Line 55 Chatwood, Stuart See Tea Party Chauncey, Danny See .38 Special Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chayanne 44 Chea, Alvin “Vinnie” See Take 6 Cheap Trick 12 Cheatam, Aldolphus “Doc” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Checker, Chubby 7 Che Colovita, Lemon See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Cheeks, Julius See Soul Stirrers, The Cheese, Steve See Screeching Weasel Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cheney, Chris See Living End, The Cheng, Chi See Deftones Chenier, Clifton 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Lane, Fred Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherone, Gary See Extreme Also see Van Halen Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Chess, Leonard 24 Chesterman, Ron See Strawbs Chesters, Eds D. See Bluetones, The Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chevalier, Dave See O.C. Supertones, The Chevalier, Maurice 6 Chevelle 44 Chevron, Phillip See Pogues, The Chew, Chris See North Mississippi Allstars Chia, Enrique 54 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chickeles, Shane See Ataris, The Chicks on Speed 47 Chief Xcel See Blackalicious Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chiffons, The 43 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childress, Ross See Collective Soul Childress Saxton, Shirley See Sweet Honey in the Rock Childs, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Childs, Megan See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Childs, Toni 2 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Chimes, Terry See Clash, The Chin See Quickspace

Chordettes, The 34 Choy, Nalani See Na Leo Chris See Apples in Stereo Chrisman, Andy See 4Him Chrisman, Paul “Woody Paul” See Riders in the Sky Christ, John See Danzig Christafari 51 Christensen, Lene See Yanni Christian, Charlie 11 Christian Death 28 Christianson, John See Reel Big Fish Christie, William 56 Christina, Fran See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Christo, Guy-Manuel de Homem See Daft Punk Chuck D See Public Enemy Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Chud, Dr. See Misfits, The Chud See Mudvayne Chumbawamba 21 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Chung, Mark See Einstürzende Neubauten Church, Charlotte 28 Church, Kevin See Country Gentlemen, The Church, The 14 Churchill, Bill See Tower of Power Churchill, Chick See Ten Years After Churilla, Scott See Reverend Horton Heat Ciani, Suzanne 50 Ciara 61 Ciaran, Clan See Super Furry Animals Cibelle 59 Cibo Matto 28

Cumulative Musicians Index • 263

See Blessid Union of Souls Clarke, Allan See Hollies, The Clarke, Bernie See Aztec Camera Clarke, “Fast” Eddie See Motörhead Clarke, Junior “Shy-Shy” See Full Force Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Mark See Mountain Clarke, Michael See Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Clarke, Owen See Hot Chip Clarke, Stanley 3 Clarke, Vince See Depeche Mode Also see Erasure Clarke, William See Third World Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clarkson, Kelly 53 Clash, The 4 Claveria, Mauricio See La Ley Clayderman, Richard 1 Claypool, Les See Primus Clayton, Adam See U2 Clayton, Sam See Little Feat Clayton-Thomas, David See Blood, Sweat and Tears Clean, Dean See Dead Milkmen Cleave, Simon See Wedding Present, The Cleaves, Jessica See Earth, Wind and Fire Clegg, Johnny 8 Clem Snide 35

Ciccone, Don See Four Seasons, The

See Sick of It All Circle Jerks, The 17 Cissell, Ben See Audio Adrenaline Cissokho, Issa See Orchestra Baobab Citizen King 27 Clancy, Aoife See Cherish the Ladies Clancy, Bobby See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Dónal See Solas Clancy, Finbarr See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Liam See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Patrick “Paddy” See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Tom See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clapton, Eric 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Claridge, Eric See Sea and Cake, The Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clark, Alan See Dire Straits Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Dave See Dave Clark Five, The Clark, Dave See Rheostatics Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Clark, Gene 51 Also see Byrds, The Clark, Graham See Gong Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Jackie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Clark, Keith See Circle Jerks, The

Ciccotelli, Lou See Laika

Clark, Mike See Suicidal Tendencies

Cieka, Rob See Boo Radleys, The

Clark, Petula 40

Chin, Tony See Big Mountain

Cincotti, Peter 52

Clark, Steve See Def Leppard

Cliburn, Van 13

Cinderella 16

Chingy 53

Cinelu, Mino See Weather Report

Clark, Steve See Paloalto

Cliff, Jimmy 8

Cinematic Orchestra 52

Clark, Steve See VAST

Clifford, Douglas Ray See Creedence Clearwater Revival

Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Cline, Nels See Geraldine Fibbers

Clark, Tony

Cline, Patsy 5

Chipperfield, Sheila See Elastica Chisholm, Melanie See Spice Girls Chopmaster J See Digital Underground

Cipollina, John See Quicksilver Messenger Service Cipriano, Rich

Clark, Roy 1

Clement, Jack 57 Clements, Vassar 18 Clemons, Clarence 7 Clempson, Dave See Humble Pie Clench, Jim See April Wine Also see Bachman-Turner Overdrive Cleveland, James 1 Clewley, Harry See Lettermen, The Click Five, The 64

264 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Clivilles, Robert See C + C Music Factory Clooney, Rosemary 9 Close, Bill See Dropkick Murphys Cloud, Harold See Box Tops, The Cloud, Jeff See Joy Electric Cloud, Jeff See Starflyer 59 Clouser, Charlie See Nine Inch Nails Also see Prong Clovers, The 42 Club Nouveau 62 Clutch, Ron See Nappy Roots Clyde, Jeremy See Chad & Jeremy Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobain, Garry See Future Sound of London Cobain, Kurt See Nirvana Cobham, Billy See Mahavishnu Orchestra Cobra Starship 64 Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Bobby See Steppenwolf Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochran, James “Dimples” See Spaniels, The Cochran, Nathan See MercyMe Cochrane, Ruth See Blue Aeroplanes, The Cochrane, Tom 23 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cocker, Jarvis See Pulp Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cocking, William “Willigan” See Mystic Revealers Coco Tea 36 Coco the Electronic Monkey Wizard See Man or Astroman? Cocteau Twins, The 12 Codarini, Connie See Four Lads, The Codenys, Patrick See Front 242 Codling, Neil See Suede Codona 44 Cody, John See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Coe, Charlie See Paul Revere & The Raiders Coe, David Allan 56

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Coffey, Cath See Stereo MC’s Coffey, Don, Jr. See Superdrag See Butthole Surfers Coffey, Jeff Coffie, Calton See Inner Circle Coghill, Jon See Powderfinger Coghlan, John See Status Quo Coheed and Cambria 58 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cohen, Chris See Deerhoof Cohen, David See Country Joe and the Fish Cohen, Jeremy See Turtle Island String Quartet Cohen, Leonard 52 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Cohen, Lyor 29 Cohen, Porky See Roomful of Blues Cohn, Gretta See Faint, The Cohn, Marc 43 Coke, Alex See Willem Breuker Kollektief Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Colbert, Laurence “Loz” See Ride Colbourn, Chris See Buffalo Tom Colburn, Richard See Belle and Sebastian Colby, Nick See Ultimate Fakebook Cold 34 Cold Chisel 34 Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Cole, B.J. See Spiritualized Cole, Brian See Association, The Cole, David See C + C Music Factory Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Holly 18 Cole, Jim 54 Cole, Keyshia 64 Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Nate See Plus One Cole, Paula 20 Cole, Ralph See Nylons, The Cole, Rich See Romantics, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Coleman, Helen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Coleman, Jaz See Killing Joke Coleman, Kevin See Smash Mouth Coleman, Michael See Seldom Scene, The Coleman, Ornette 5 Coles, Dennis See Ghostface Killah Coletta, Kim See Jawbox Colin, Charlie See Train Collective Soul 16 Colleen 63 Collen, Phil See Def Leppard Collett, Jason See Broken Social Scene Colletti, Dominic See Bevis Frond Colley, Dana See Morphine Collie, Mark 15 Collier, Paul See Angel Corpse Colligan, Michael See Flying Luttenbachers, The Collingwood, Chris See Fountains of Wayne Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, Allen See Lynyrd Skynyrd Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Collins, Chris See Dream Theater Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Greg See Radio 4 Collins, John 39 Collins, John See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers Collins, John See Powderfinger Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Mark See Charlatans, The Collins, Max See Eve 6

Collins, William See Collins, Bootsy Collister, Christine 42 Collura, John See Ataris, The Colomby, Bobby See Blood, Sweat and Tears Colon, Willie 37 Color Me Badd 23 Colt, Johnny See Black Crowes, The Colter, Jessi 63 Colthart, Chris See Papas Fritas Coltrane, Alice 52 Coltrane, John 4 Colvin, Monty See Galactic Cowboys Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Colwell, David See Bad Company Coma, Franche See Misfits, The Combs, Gabe See Plus One Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Comeau, Chuck See Simple Plan Comess, Aaron See Spin Doctors Cometbus, Aaron See Screeching Weasel Commander Cody See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30

Collins, Mel See Camel Also see King Crimson

Congos, The 58

Collins, Mick See Dirtbombs, The Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Collins, Rob See Charlatans, The Collins, Sandra 41

Commerford, Tim See Audioslave Commodores, The 23 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Como, Perry 14 Comparelli, Phil See 54-40 Compulsion 23 Concrete Blonde 32 Condo, Ray See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Confederate Railroad 23 Congo Norvell 22 Conjunto Bernal 63 Conlee, Jenny See Decemberists, The Conley, Chris See Saves the Day Conley, Clint See Mission of Burma Conlon, James 44 Conneff, Kevin See Chieftains, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Connell, Andy See Swing Out Sister Connelly, Chris See KMFDM Also see Pigface Conner, Gary Lee See Screaming Trees Conner, Van See Screaming Trees Conner, William “Pete” See Swan Silvertones, The Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Conniff, Ray 37 Connolly, Brian See Sweet Connolly, Buddy See Ceili Rain Connolly, Deirdre See Cherish the Ladies Connolly, John See Sevendust Connolly, Nathan See Snow Patrol Connolly, Pat See Surfaris, The Connor, Chris 30 Connor, Michael See Pure Prairie League Connors, Clare See Spiritualized Connors, Marc See Nylons, The Connors, Norman 30 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Conrad, David See Black 47 Conrad, Jeff See Phantom Planet Considine, Craig See Rumba Club Constantines, The 58 Conte, Bruce See Tower of Power Conti, Neil See Prefab Sprout Continental Drifters 39 Convertino, John See Calexico Also see Giant Sand Convy, Tim See Ludo Conway, Billy See Morphine Conway, Dave See My Bloody Valentine

Cumulative Musicians Index • 265

See Matchbox 20 Cook, Frank See Canned Heat Cook, Greg See Ricochet Cook, Iain See Aereogramme Cook, Jeffrey Alan See Alabama Cook, Jesse 33 Cook, Mark See Daniel Amos Cook, Murray See Wiggles, The Cook, Paul See Sex Pistols, The Cook, Steve See Soft Machine Cook, Stuart See Creedence Clearwater Revival Cook, Teddy See Great White Cook, Wayne See Steppenwolf Cooke, Angus See Ataris, The Cooke, Mick See Belle and Sebastian Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cool, Tre See Green Day Cooley, Cason See Normals, The Cooley, Dave See Citizen King Cooley, Mike See Drive-By Truckers Cooley, Spade 53 Cooley, Steve See Dillards, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Coolio 19 Coombes, Gary See Supergrass Coombes, Rod See Strawbs Coomer, Ken See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco

See Skillet Cooper, Korey See Skillet Cooper, Martin See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Cooper, Michael See Third World Cooper, Paul See Nylons, The Cooper, Ralph See Air Supply Cooper, Shaun See Taking Back Sunday Coore, Stephen See Third World Cope, Julian 16 Copeland, Andrew See Sister Hazel Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Copley, Al See Roomful of Blues Coppola, Donna See Papas Fritas Corabi, John See Mötley Crüe Corea, Chick 6 Corella, Doug See Verve Pipe, The Corgan, Billy See Smashing Pumpkins Corigliano, John 34 Corina, Sarah See Mekons, The Cornelius 44 Cornelius, Dan See Danko Jones Cornelius, Robert See Poi Dog Pondering Cornell, Chris See Audioslave Cornell, Chris See Soundgarden Cornell, Don 30 Corner, Chris See Sneaker Pimps Cornershop 24

Corso, Terry See Alien Ant Farm Cortez, Eusebio See Los Bukis Cosgrove, Mike See Alien Ant Farm Cosmic Psychos 60 Cosper, Kina See Brownstone Cossin, David See Bang on a Can All-Stars Costa, Dave See Boys Night Out Costa, Matt 64 Costa, Nikka 56 Costanzo, Marc See Len Costanzo, Sharon See Len Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Coté, Billy See Madder Rose Cotoia, Robert See Beaver Brown Band, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Cotta, Justin See VAST Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Cotto, Orlando See Rumba Club Cotton, Caré See Sounds of Blackness Cotton, James 35 Cotton, Jeff “Antennae Jimmy Siemens” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cougar, John(ny) See Mellencamp, John Coughlan, Richard See Caravan Coulter, William 49

Cornick, Glenn See Jethro Tull

Country Gentlemen, The 7

Coomes, Sam See Quasi

Cornish, Gene See Rascals, The

Coonce, Rick See Grass Roots, The

Cornwell, Hugh See Stranglers, The

Cooney, Rory 6

Corr, Andrea See Corrs, The

Conway, Gerry See Pentangle

Coope, Barry See Coope, Boyes & Simpson

Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Counsell, Judd See Hold Steady, The Counting Crows 64 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Country Joe and the Fish 36 Courtney, Jr., Opal See Spaniels, The Coury, Fred See Cinderella Cousins, Dave See Strawbs Cousteau 41

Coope, Boyes & Simpson 60

Corr, Caroline See Corrs, The

Coutch, Frank See Blue Mountain

Cooper, Alex See Katrina and the Waves

Corr, Jim See Corrs, The

Coutts, Duncan See Our Lady Peace

Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Corr, Sharon See Corrs, The

Cook, Carla 57

Cooper, Jason See Cure, The

Corrigan, Brianna See Beautiful South

Coverdale, David 34 See Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Covert, Ralph 54

Cook, David Kyle

Cooper, John

Corrs, The 32

Cowan, Dennis

Coogan, Mary See Cherish the Ladies

266 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Cowan, John See New Grass Revival, The Cowboy Mouth 37 Cowboy Junkies, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cowell, Simon 52 Cows, The 32 Cowsill, Susan See Continental Drifters Cox, Allen See Florida Boys, The Cox, Andy See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Cox, Carl 43 Cox, Evelyn See Cox Family Cox, Mikee See Coal Chamber Cox, Sidney See Cox Family Cox, Steve See Dazz Band Cox, Suzanne See Cox Family Cox, Terry See Pentangle Cox, Willard See Cox Family Cox Family 44 Coxhill, Lol 41 Coxon, Ed See Spiritualized Coxon, Graham See Blur Coxon, John See Spiritualized Also see Spring Heel Jack Coy, Steve See Dead or Alive Coyne, Mark See Flaming Lips Coyne, Wayne See Flaming Lips Crabtree, Lee See Fugs, The Crack, Carl See Atari Teenage Riot Cracker 12 Cracknell, Sarah See Saint Etienne Cradle of Filth 37 Cragg, Jonny See Spacehog Crahan, Shawn See Slipknot

Crain, S. R. See Soul Stirrers, The Cramps, The 16 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crandall, Marty See Shins, The Craney, Mark See Jethro Tull Cranley, Evan See Broken Social Scene Crash, Darby See Germs, The Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Cravens, Rodney Browning See Dishwalla Crawford, Dave Max See Poi Dog Pondering Crawford, Ed See fIREHOSE Crawford, John See Berlin Crawford, Michael 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Crawford, Steve See Anointed Crawford-Greathouse, Da’dra See Anointed Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Crazy Town 43 Crea, Tom See Vigilantes of Love Creach, Papa John See Jefferson Starship Creager, Melora See Rasputina Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Creegan, Andrew See Barenaked Ladies Creegan, Jim See Barenaked Ladies Crème, Lol See 10cc Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crenshaw, Robert See Swan Silvertones, The Crespo, Elvis 36 Crespo, Jimmy See Aerosmith Cressey, Boby See Christafari Cretu, Michael See Enigma

Craig, Albert See Israel Vibration

Crews, Eli See Beulah

Craig, Carl 19

Crimble, Thomas See Hawkwind

Craig, Judy See Chiffons, The Craig, Mikey See Culture Club Craig, Shawn See Phillips, Craig & Dean

Cripps, Colin See Crash Vegas Cripps, Joe See Brave Combo Crispell, Marilyn 64

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Earlier sketch in CM 47 Criss, Peter See Kiss Crissinger, Roger See Pearls Before Swine Cristian 40 Crittenden, Melodie See Selah Croce, Jim 3 Crofts, Dash See Seals & Crofts Croker, Glenn See Hackberry Ramblers Cronin, Kevin See REO Speedwagon Cronin, Tim See Monster Magnet Cronk, Chas See Strawbs Crook, Richie See Imperials, The Cropper, Steve 12 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Crosby, Bing 6 Crosby, Brian See Bell X1 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosby, Jon See VAST Crosby, Paul See Saliva Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Cross, Bridget See Velocity Girl Cross, Christopher 60 Cross, Chris See Ultravox Cross, David See King Crimson Cross, Grady See Cross Canadian Ragweed Cross, Mike See Sponge Cross, Tim See Sponge Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crosse, Clay 38 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Crover, Dale See Melvins Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Crump, Bruce See Molly Hatchet Crunchy Black See Three 6 Mafia Cruz, Anthony See AZ Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Crystal Method, The 35 Cua, Rick See Ceili Rain Cuccurullo, Warren See Duran Duran Also see Missing Persons Cuddy, Jim See Blue Rodeo Cuevas, Alberto “Beto” See La Ley Cuevas, Alberto See La Ley Cuffee, Ed See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Cugat, Xavier 23 Culbertson, Brian 40 Cullinan, Tom See Quickspace Cullum, Jamie 56 Culos, Chris See O.A.R. Culp, Dennis See Five Iron Frenzy Culp, Jennifer See Kronos Quartet, The Cult, The 16 Culture Club 37 Culver, Joe See Bardo Pond Cumming, Graham See Bevis Frond Cummings, Burton See Guess Who Cummings, Danny See Dire Straits Cummings, David See Del Amitri Cummings, George See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8

Cunniff, Jill See Luscious Jackson

Crowley, J.C. See Player

Cunningham, Abe See Deftones

Crowley, Martin See Bevis Frond

Cunningham, Bill See Box Tops, The

Cruikshank, Gregory See Tuxedomoon

Cunningham, Blair See Echo and the Bunnymen

Cummings, John See Mogwai Cummings, Mike “Spider One” See Powerman 5000 Cummings, Steve See Dismemberment Plan Cumplido, J. C. See La Ley Cumplido, J. See La Ley

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cunningham, Johnny See Nightnoise Also see Silly Wizard Cunningham, Phil See Silly Wizard Cunningham, Ruth See Anonymous 4 Cuomo, Rivers See Weezer Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curiel, Marcos See P.O.D. Curl, Langston See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Curless, Ann See Exposé Curley, John See Afghan Whigs Curnin, Cy See Fixx, The Curran, Ciaran See Altan Curran, Doug See Lettermen, The Currie, Alannah See Thompson Twins Currie, Billy See Ultravox Currie, Cherie See Runaways, The Currie, Justin See Del Amitri Currie, Kevin See Supertramp Currie, Steve See T. Rex Currington, Billy 64 Curry, Pete See Los Straitjackets Curry, Tim 3 Curtis, Barry See Kingsmen, The Curtis, Ben See Tripping Daisy Curtis, Catie 31 Curtis, Chris See Searchers, The Curtis, Ian See Joy Division Curtis, King 17 Curtis, Steve See Hem Curulewski, John See Styx Curve 13 Custance, Mickey See Big Audio Dynamite

See Dream Syndicate Cypress Hill 11 Cyran, T.C. See Hot Club of Cowtown Cyrus, Billy Ray 11 Cyrus, Miley 64 Czukay, Holger See Can Czum, Jeff See Cute Is What We Aim For D Generation 26 Da Brat 30 D’abaldo, Chris See Saliva Dachert, Peter See Tuxedomoon Dacus, Donnie See Chicago Dacus, Johnny See Osborne Brothers, The Daddy G See Massive Attack Daddy Mack See Kris Kross Daellenbach, Charles See Canadian Brass, The Daese, Tonya See Yanni Daft Punk 33 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dahlberg, Ludwig See (International Dahle, Kurt See New Pornographers Dahlgren, Erik See Wannadies, The Dahlheimer, Patrick See Live Dail, Steven See Project 86 Daily-Lafton, Clayton See Normals, The Dairo, I.K. 48 Daisley, Bob See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dalaras, George 40 Dale, Dick 13 Daley, Paul See Leftfield Daley, Richard See Third World Daley, Sean See Atmosphere Dall, Bobby See Poison

Cut Chemist See Jurassic 5

Dalton, John See Kinks, The

Cute Is What We Aim For 65

Dalton, Lacy J. 43

Cuthbert, Scott See Everclear

Dalton, Nic 31 Also see Lemonheads, The

Cutler, Chris See Pere Ubu

Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The

Cutler, Paul

Dallin, Sarah See Bananarama

Cumulative Musicians Index • 267

Dameron, Tadd 56 Damiani, Victor See Cake D’Amico, Eben See Saves the Day Dammers, Jerry See Specials, The Damned, The 34 Damon, Zak See Screeching Weasel Damon and Naomi 25 Damone, Vic 33 D’Amour, Paul See Tool Dan the Automator See Handsome Boy Modeling School Danbom, Scott See Slobberbone Dando, Evan See Lemonheads, The Dandy Warhols 22 Danell, Dennis See Social Distortion Danelli, Dino See Rascals, The D’Angelo 20 D’Angelo, Greg See Anthrax Danger Mouse 59 Also see Gnarls Barkley Dangerous, Chris See Hives, The Daniel, Britt See Spoon Daniel, Casey See Seven Mary Three Daniel Amos 44 Danielian, Barry See Tower of Power Daniels, Charlie 6 Daniels, Jack See Highway 101 Daniels, Jerry See Ink Spots Danielson 59 Danko, Rick See Band, The Danko Jones 61 Danny Boy See House of Pain

See Phoenix Darin, Bobby 4 Dark Star 29 Darkness, The 58 D’Arko, Joe See Godsmack Darling, David 34 Darling, Eric See Weavers, The Darlington, Jay See Kula Shaker Darnielle, John See Mountain Goats, The Darriau, Matt See Klezmatics, The Darrow, Chris See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Darvill, Benjamin See Crash Test Dummies Das EFX 14 Dashboard Confessional 44 Daugherty, Jay Dee See Church, The Also see Waterboys, The Daugherty, Jay See Cameo Daugherty, Thom See Elms, The Daulne, Marie See Zap Mama Dave, Doggy See Lords of Acid Dave, Mundell See Monster Magnet Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Dave Clark Five, The 12 Davenport, N’Dea See Brand New Heavies, The Davey, Dani See Cradle of Filth David, Craig 42 David, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show David, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Davidowski, Stephen See Dixie Dregs Davidson, Lenny See Dave Clark Five, The

Danze, William “Billy” See M.O.P.

Davie, Hutch See Pearls Before Swine

Danzig 7

Davies, Cliff See Northwoods Improvisers

Danzig, Glenn See Danzig Also see Misfits, The Dap, Bill The Kid See Lane, Fred Dappen, Mike See Faint, The Dara, Olu 46 Darbone, Luderin See Hackberry Ramblers

Davies, Dave See Kinks, The Davies, Dennis Russell 24 Davies, DikMik See Hawkwind Davies, Diona See Po’ Girl Davies, Gail 38

D’Arby, Terence Trent 3

Davies, James See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack

d’Arcy, Deck

Davies, Keith

268 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Down By Law Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Kinks, The Davies, Richard See Supertramp Davies, Saul See James Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Anthony See Atmosphere Davis, Billy, Jr. See Fifth Dimension Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Brad See Fu Manchu Davis, Brian See Musiq Davis, Carl See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Chris See Six by Seven Davis, Chris See Spiritualized Davis, Clive 14 Davis, Colin 27 Davis, Derek See Guttermouth Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Davis, Gregory See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Davis, Guy 53 Davis, James B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Jeff See Boys Night Out Davis, Jeremy See Paramore Davis, Jimmie 53 Davis, Jody See Newsboys, The Davis, John See Folk Implosion, The Davis, John See Superdrag Davis, Jonathan See Korn Davis, Linda 21 Davis, Mac 60 Davis, Michael See MC5, The Davis, Miles F. See Northwoods Improvisers Davis, Miles 1 Davis, Norman See Wailing Souls

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Delaet, Nathalie See Lords of Acid

de la Rocha, Zack See Rage Against the Machine DeLaughter, Tim See Tripping Daisy DeLeo, Dean See Stone Temple Pilots DeLeo, Robert See Stone Temple Pilots Delerium 37 Delgado, Junior 46 Delgados, The 31 Delirious? 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 De Lisle, Paul See Smash Mouth Dello Joio, Norman 65 Dells, The 30 Del Mar, Candy See Cramps, The DeLonge, Tom See Angels & Airwaves Delonge, Tom See Blink 182 DeLorenzo, Victor See Violent Femmes de los Angeles, Victoria 55 de Lourcqua, Helno Rota See Les Négresses Vertes Delp, Brad See Boston del Real, Emmanuel See Café Tacuba Delson, Brad See Linkin Park Del Tredici, David 35 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Del Vikings, The 35 DeMarcus, Jay See Rascal Flatts De Marris, Caithlin See Rainer Maria Demby, Constance 51 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Demeski, Stanley See Luna De Meyer, Jean-Luc See Front 242 Deming, Michael See Pernice Brothers DeMone, Gitane See Christian Death Demos, Greg See Guided By Voices

de la Garza, Carlos See Reel Big Fish

Dempsey, Michael See Cure, The

Delahoussaye, Ryan See Blue October

Demsey, Travis See Living End, The

Death in Vegas 28

De La Luna, Shai See Lords of Acid

DeMudd, Pierre See Dazz Band

Deaton, Ray See IIIrd Tyme Out

de la Parra, Adolfo “Fito” See Canned Heat

Denes, Jay See Blue Six

DeBarge, Chico 53

De La Pena, Jesse See Liquid Soul

Dengler, Carlos See Interpol

De Borg, Jerry See Jesus Jones de Burgh, Chris 22 DeCaro, Dante See Hot Hot Heat Decemberists, The 55 deClouet, Theryl See Galactic de Coster, Jean Paul See 2 Unlimited Dederer, Dave See Presidents of the United States of America, The Dee, Mikkey See Dokken Also see Motörhead Deebank, Maurcie See Felt Deee-lite 9 Deep Forest 18 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Defever, Warren See His Name Is Alive DeFrance, Hugh See Christafari DeFrancesco, Joey 29 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeFreitas, Pete See Echo and the Bunnymen Deftones 22 De Gaia, Banco 27 DeGarmo, Chris See Queensryche de Grassi, Alex 6 DeGraw, Gavin 64 Deibert, Adam Warren See Aquabats, The Deily, Ben See Lemonheads, The Deitch, Adam See Average White Band DeJohnette, Jack 7 de Jonge, Henk See Willem Breuker Kollektief Dekker, Desmond 57 Del Amitri 18

Davis, Reverend Gary 18

Davis, Steve See Mystic Revealers Davis, Tania See Bond Davis, Verona See Stereo MC’s Davis, Zelma See C + C Music Factory Davison, Wild Bill 34 Davol, Sam See Magnetic Fields, The Dawdy, Cheryl See Chenille Sisters, The Dawn, Sandra See Platters, The Dawson, Ronnie 48 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Days of the New 48 Dayton, Kelli See Sneaker Pimps Dazz Band 64 dB’s, The 37 dc Talk 18 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 De Phazz 63 Deacon, John See Nields, The Deacon, John See Queen Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Dead or Alive 50 Dead Prez 54 Deakin, Paul See Mavericks, The Deal, Kelley See Breeders Deal, Kim See Breeders Also see Pixies, The de Albuquerque, Michael See Electric Light Orchestra Dean, Billy 19 Dean, Dan See Phillips, Craig & Dean Dean, Elton See Soft Machine Dean, Ira See Trick Pony Dean, Paul See Loverboy Also see X-Ray Spex Dean, Sean See Sadies, The Dearie, Blossom 46

Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4

Death Cab for Cutie 49

Davis, Santa See Big Mountain Davis, Skeeter 15 Davis, Spencer See Spencer Davis Group

DeBarge, El 14

Del Rubio Triplets 21 Del the Funky Homosapien 30 Also see Gorillaz de la Cruz, Vince See Katrina and the Waves

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Denison, Duane See Jesus Lizard Deniz, Claire See Strawbs Dennis, Garth See Black Uhuru Dennis, Rudolph “Garth” See Wailing Souls Denny, Martin 44 Denny, Sandy See Fairport Convention Also see Strawbs Denov, Ernie See Liquid Soul Densmore, John See Doors, The Dent, Cedric See Take 6 Dente, Christine See Out of the Grey Dente, Scott See Out of the Grey Denton, Sandy See Salt-N-Pepa d’Enton, Steve See Quickspace Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 De Oliveria, Laudir See Chicago Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Depew, Don See Cobra Verde DePizzo, Jerry See O.A.R. De Poe, Peter See Redbone de Prume, Ivan See White Zombie Derailers, The 37 Derakh, Amir See Orgy de Reeder, Pierre See Rilo Kiley Derhak, Rob See moe. Derosier, Michael See Heart Derringer, Rick See McCoys, The Desaulniers, Stephen See Scud Mountain Boys Desbrow, Audie See Great White Deschamps, Kim See Blue Rodeo Desert Rose Band, The 4

Cumulative Musicians Index • 269

Diabate, Toumani 57

Dietel, Karl See Samples

Diagram, Andy See James

Dieterich, John See Deerhoof

Diggle, Steve See Buzzcocks, The Diggs, Robert “RZA” (Prince Rakeem) See Gravediggaz Also see Wu-Tang Clan Digital Underground 9 Digweed, John 44 Dilated Peoples 50 Dillard, Doug See Dillards, The Dillard, Rodney See Dillards, The Dillards, The 45 Dilling, Steve See IIIrd Tyme Out Dillon, James See Caustic Resin Also see Built to Spill Dillon, Jerome See Nine Inch Nails Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dilworth, Joe See Stereolab DiMambro, “Angry” John See Down By Law DiMant, Leor See House of Pain Di Meola, Al 12 Dimitri from Paris 43 DiMucci, Dion See Dion Dinger, Klaus See Neu! DiNizo, Pat See Smithereens, The Dinning, Dean See Toad the Wet Sprocket Dinosaur Jr. 10 Dio, Ronnie James See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dion 4 Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Diop, Massamba See Afro Celt Sound System Dire Straits 22 Dirks, Michael See Gwar Dirnt, Mike See Green Day Also see Screeching Weasel Dirty Dozen Brass Band 23

Diallo, Medoune See Orchestra Baobab

Dietrich, Marlene 25

Dirty Three 31 Dirty Vegas 48

Diamond, David 58

Dif, René See Aqua

DeShannon, Jackie 40

Diamond, David See Berlin

Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Desjardins, Claude See Nylons, The

Diamond, “Dimebag” Darrell See Pantera

Difford, Chris See Squeeze

Desmond, Paul 23

Diamond, Jim See Dirtbombs, The

di Fiore, Vince See Cake

Diamond, Mike “Mike D” See Beastie Boys

DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Diamond, Neil 58

Digable Planets 15

Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Desrosiers, David See Simple Plan

Dessay, Natalie 64 Destiny’s Child 33 Destri, Jimmy See Blondie Destroyer 51 Detar, Brett See Juliana Theory, The Dettman, John See Swell Dettmar, Del See Hawkwind Deupree, Jerome See Morphine Deurloo, Hermine See Willem Breuker Kollektief Deutrom, Mark See Melvins Deutsch, Stu See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Devevo, Juan See ?Casting Crowns Devevo, Melodee See ?Casting Crowns DeVille, C. C. See Poison Devito, Nick See Four Seasons, The Devito, Tommy See Four Seasons, The Devlin, Adam P. See Bluetones, The Devo 13 DeVore, Darrel See Charlatans, The Devoto, Howard See Buzzcocks, The DeWald, Abby See Ditty Bops, The Dewees, James See Get Up Kids DeWitt, Lew C. See Statler Brothers, The Dexter X See Man or Astroman? Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46 DeYoung, Dennis See Styx de Young, Joyce See Andrews Sisters, The

Earlier sketch in CM 1 Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Di’anno, Paul See Iron Maiden Diaz, Tim See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dick, Bob See Front Range Dick, Coby See Papa Roach Dick, Magic See J. Geils Band Dickaty, Raymond See Spiritualized Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickerson, B.B. See War Dickerson, Deke 44 Dickerson, Lance See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Dickinson, Cody See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Luther See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Paul Bruce See Iron Maiden Dickinson, Rob See Catherine Wheel Diddley, Bo 3 Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Didelot, Steve See American Music Club Didier, Daniel See Promise Ring, The Dido 46 Dieckmeyer, Marty See Daniel Amos Dieng, Ndiouga See Orchestra Baobab Dierksen, Uwe See Ensemble Modern Diermaier, Werner See Faust

Diry, Roland See Ensemble Modern Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 DiSpirito, Jim See Rusted Root DiStefano, Peter See Porno for Pyros Disturbed 42 Dittrich, John

270 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Restless Heart Ditty Bops, The 59 Divine Comedy, The 32 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Dixie Dregs 36 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dixon, George W. See Spinners, The Dixon, Jerry See Warrant Dixon, Popsy See Holmes Brothers, The Dixon, Willie 10 Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ A.M. See Crazy Town DJ Bobby B See Kottonmouth Kings DJ Domination See Geto Boys, The DJ Fuse See Digital Underground DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DJ Krush 60 D.J. Lethal See House of Pain DJ Lethal See Limp Bizkit D.J. Minutemix See P.M. Dawn DJ Muggs See Cypress Hill DJ Paul See Three 6 Mafia DJ Premier See Gang Starr DJ Ready Red See Geto Boys, The DJ Spooky 51 DJ Terminator X See Public Enemy D-Loc See Kottonmouth Kings DMC See Run DMC Dmochowski, Wojtek See Blue Aeroplanes, The DMX 25 D.O.A. 28

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Doors, The 4 Dorame, Mando See Royal Crown Revue Doran, Rob See Alkaline Trio Dorge, Michel (Mitch) See Crash Test Dummies Dorney, Tim See Republica Dorough, Bob See Pearls Before Swine Dorough, Howie See Backstreet Boys Dorrington, Paul See Wedding Present, The Dorsey, Jimmy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Dorsey, Tommy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Doss, Alan See Galactic Cowboys Doss, Bill See Olivia Tremor Control Doth, Anita See 2 Unlimited Dotson, James See Fairfield Four Dott, Gerald See Incredible String Band Double K See People Under The Stairs Doucet, David See Beausoleil Doucet, Michael 8 Also see Beausoleil Doucette, Paul John See Matchbox 20 Dougans, Brian See Future Sound of London Doughty, M. See Soul Coughing Doughty, Mike 60 Doughty, Neal See REO Speedwagon Douglas, Dave 29 Douglas, David See Relient K Douglas, Jerry 52 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Douglas, Paul See Six by Seven Doumbia, Mariam See Amadou & Mariam Dover, Eric See Jellyfish Doves 36

See Asia Downes, Geoff See Yes Downes, Oswald See Wailing Souls Downey, Brian See Thin Lizzy Downie, Gordon See Tragically Hip, The Downing, Big Al 45 Downing, K. K. See Judas Priest Downing, Will 39 Downs, Lila 49 Doyle, Alan See Great Big Sea Doyle, Al See Hot Chip Doyle, Candida See Pulp Doyle, John See Solas Dozier, Lamont See Holland-Dozier-Holland Dr. Das See Asian Dub Foundation Dr. Demento 23 Dr. Dog 62 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dr. Matt Destruction See Hives, The Dragge, Fletcher See Pennywise Draiman, David See Disturbed Drake, Bobby See Hold Steady, The Drake, Nick 17 Drake, Steven See Odds Draper, Paul See Mansun Drayton, Leslie See Earth, Wind and Fire Dreadful, Garrie See Damned, The Dream Syndicate 53 Dream Theater 23 Dreja, Chris See Yardbirds, The Dres See Black Sheep

Dodd, Peter See Thompson Twins

Doherty, Denny See Mamas and the Papas Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Dokken, Don See Dokken Dolby, Monica Mimi See Brownstone Dolby, Thomas 10 Dolenz, Micky See Monkees, The Doling, Mikey See Soulfly Dollimore, Kris See Damned, The Dolmayan, John See System of a Down Dolphy, Eric 36 Dombroski, Vinnie See Sponge Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dominici, Charlie See Dream Theater Domino, Fats 2 Domino, Floyd See Asleep at the Wheel Don, Rasa See Arrested Development Donahue, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Donahue, Jerry See Fairport Convention Donahue, Jonathan See Flaming Lips Also see Mercury Rev Donald, Tony See Simple Minds Donegan, Dan See Disturbed Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Donnellan, John See Love Donnelly, Elwood See Atwater-Donnelly Donohue, Terry See Alloy Orchestra Donohue, Tim See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Donovan 9 Donovan, Bazil See Blue Rodeo

Doe, John See X

Donovan, Jeff See Paladins, The

Dogbowl See King Missile

Donovan, Jim See Rusted Root

Doggen See Spiritualized

Doobie Brothers, The 3

Dowler, Darren See Lettermen, The

Dog’s Eye View 21

Doodlebug See Digable Planets

Dowling, Dave See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack

Doherty, Billy See Undertones, The

Doom, Lorna See Germs, The

Down By Law 34

Drews, Jonathan See Sunset Valley

Downes, Geoff

Drifters, The 38

Dobson, Lyn See Soft Machine Doc Pomus 14 Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50

Dowd, Christopher See Fishbone

Drew, Dennis See 10,000 Maniacs Drew, Kevin See Broken Social Scene Drewery, Corinne See Swing Out Sister

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Driftwood, Jimmy 25 Driscoll, Gary See Rainbow Driscoll, Phil 45 Drive-By Truckers 45 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ 31 D-Roc See Ying Yang Twins Droge, Pete 24 Dropkick Murphys 26 Droubay, Marc See Survivor Drozd, Stephen See Flaming Lips Dru Hill 25 Drucker, Eugene See Emerson String Quartet Drumbago See Skatalites, The Drumdini, Harry See Cramps, The Drummond, Bill See KLF, The Drummond, Don See Skatalites, The Drummond, Tom See Better Than Ezra Dryden, Spencer See Jefferson Airplane Dryden, Tim See Grandaddy Dryer, Debroah See Skunk Anansie D12 57 Dub Trio 63 Dubbe, Berend See Bettie Serveert Dube, Lucky 17 Dubeau, Angèle 47 du Berry, Belle See Paris Combo Dubstar 22 Duce, Adam See Machine Head Duck, Dennis See Dream Syndicate Dudamel, Gustavo 63 Dudley, Anne See Art of Noise Duenas, Fain See Radio Tarifa Dufay, Rick See Aerosmith Duff, Hilary 52

Cumulative Musicians Index • 271

Dunn, Trevor See Mr. Bungle

Dupree, Chauntelle See Eisley Dupree, Garron See Eisley Dupree, Jesse James See Jackyl Dupree, Sherri See Eisley Dupree, Stacy See Eisley Dupree, Weston See Eisley Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Duque, Alejandro See Aterciopelados Dural, Stanley Jr. See Buckwheat Zydeco Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Durante, Mark See KMFDM Durden, Tommy 53 Duritz, Adam See Counting Crows Durrill, Johnny See Ventures, The Durst, Fred See Limp Bizkit Durutti Column, The 30 Dury, Ian 30 Dusick, Ryan See Maroon 5 Dust Brothers 32 Dusty, Slim 39 Dutt, Hank See Kronos Quartet, The Dutton, Garrett See G. Love Dutton, Lawrence See Emerson String Quartet Duvall, Matthew See eighth blackbird Dvorak, Antonin 25 Dwele 65 Dyble, Judy See Fairport Convention Dylan, Bob 58 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Dylan, Jakob See Wallflowers, The Dyrason, Orri Páll See Sigur Rós E., Sheila See Sheila E. E See eels

Eaglestone, Robin See Cradle of Filth Earl, Roger See Foghat Earl, Roger See Savoy Brown Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlimart 54 Early, Ian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eartha 44 Easley, Joe See Dismemberment Plan Easton, Elliot See Cars, The Easton, Lynn See Kingsmen, The Easton, Sheena 2 Eazy-E 13 Also see N.W.A. Ebright, Randy See Molotov Echeverri, Andrea See Aterciopelados Echeverria, Rob See Helmet Echo and the Bunnymen 32 Echobelly 21 Echols, John See Love Ecker, Haylie See Bond Eckstine, Billy 1 Ed, John See Monster Magnet Eddy, Chris See Ceili Rain Eddy, Duane 9 Eden, Sean See Luna Eder, Linda 30 Edge, Graeme See Moody Blues, The Edge, The See U2 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Edmonds, Lu See Damned, The Edmonton, Jerry See Steppenwolf

Duffhues, Niels See Gathering, The

Dunne, Brian See Average White Band

Eacrett, Chris See Our Lady Peace

Edson, Richard See Sonic Youth

Duffy, Billy See Cult, The

Dunning, A.J. See Verve Pipe, The

Eagle, Dancing See Supersuckers

Edward, Scott See Bluetones, The

Duffy, Keith See Boyzone

Dunning, Brian See Nightnoise

Eaglen, Jane 36

Edwards, Bernard See Chic

Duffy, Martin See Primal Scream

DuPré, Jacqueline 26

Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Dupree, Champion Jack 12

Eaglesmith, Fred 60

Duffey, John See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The

Dufresne, Mark See Confederate Railroad Dugas, Sarah See Duhks, The Duggan, Noel See Clannad Duggan, Paidraig See Clannad Duhks, The 62 Duhon, Edwin See Hackberry Ramblers Duke, John See Pearls Before Swine Dukowski, Chuck See Black Flag Dulfer, Candy 35 Dulli, Greg See Afghan Whigs Dumont, Tom See No Doubt Dunbar, Aynsley See Jefferson Starship Also see Journey Also see Whitesnake Dunbar, Sly See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Duncan, Bryan 19 Duncan, Gary See Quicksilver Messenger Service Duncan, John See Exploited, The Duncan, Malcolm “Molly” See Average White Band Duncan, Steve See Desert Rose Band, The Duncan, Stuart See Nashville Bluegrass Band Dunckel, Jean-Benoit See Air Dunham, Nathanel “Brad” See Five Iron Frenzy Dunlap, Slim See Replacements, The Dunlop, Andy See Travis Dunn, Donald “Duck” See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Dunn, Holly 7 Dunn, Larry See Earth, Wind and Fire Dunn, Ronnie Gene See Brooks & Dunn Dunn, Ronnie See Brooks & Dunn

Edmunds, Dave 28

Edwards, Dennis See Temptations, The

272 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Edwards, Edgar See Spinners, The Edwards, Gordon See Kinks, The Also see Pretty Things, The Edwards, Johnny See Foreigner Edwards, John See Spinners, The Edwards, John See Status Quo Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Leroy “Lion” See Mystic Revealers Edwards, Mark See Aztec Camera Edwards, Michael James See Jesus Jones Edwards, Mike See Electric Light Orchestra Edwards, Nokie See Ventures, The Edwards, Richie See Darkness, The Edwards, Skye See Morcheeba Edwards, Stoney 55 Edwards, Teddy 44 Edwards, Tom See Spiritualized Edwardson, Dave See Neurosis eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 E-40 46 Efrem, Towns See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Egan, Bob See Wilco Egan, Kian See Westlife Egan, Seamus See Solas Egan, Siobhan See Cherish the Ladies Ehart, Phil See Kansas Ehran See Lords of Acid Eicher, Manfred 38 Eid, Tamer See Emmet Swimming eighth blackbird 57 808 State 31 Einheit See Einstürzende Neubauten Einheit, F.M. See KMFDM

Eitzel, Mark See American Music Club Ekberg, Ulf See Ace of Base Eklund, Greg See Everclear El Gran Combo 39 El Hefe See NOFX El Amin, Kush See French Kicks Elastica 29 Eldon, Thór See Sugarcubes, The Eldridge, Ben See Seldom Scene, The Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elephant Man 48 Elf Power 30 Elfman, Danny 9 Also see Oingo Boingo El-Hadi, Sulieman See Last Poets Elias, Eliane 50 Elias, Hanin See Atari Teenage Riot Elias, Manny See Tears for Fears Elizabeth, Tania See Duhks, The Ellefson, Dave See Megadeth Elling, Kurt 31 Ellington, Duke 2 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Elliot, Ira See Nada Surf Elliot, Melissa See His Name Is Alive Elliott, Bobby See Hollies, The Elliott, Dennis See Foreigner Elliott, Doug See Odds Elliott, Joe See Def Leppard

Einstürzende Neubauten 13

Ellis, Bobby See Skatalites, The

Einziger, Michael See Incubus

Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Elliott, Ron See Beau Brummels Ellis, Arti See Pearls Before Swine

Ellis, Herb 18

Eisenstein, Michael See Letters to Cleo

Ellis, Ingrid See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Eisentrager, Thor See Cows, The

Ellis, John See Cinematic Orchestra

Eisley 64

Ellis, John

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Stranglers, The Ellis, Keith See Van der Graaf Generator Ellis, Robert See La Bottine Souriante Ellis, Rob See Swell Ellis, Terry See En Vogue Ellis, Warren See Dirty Three Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Ellison, Rahsaan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Ellman, Ben See Galactic Ellyson, Sally See Hem Elmore, Greg See Quicksilver Messenger Service Elms, The 44 ELO See Electric Light Orchestra Elswit, Rik See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Ely, Jack See Kingsmen, The Ely, Joe 52 Also see Flatlanders, The Ely, John See Asleep at the Wheel Ely, Vince See Cure, The Also see Psychedelic Furs Elzhi See Slum Village Emerson, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The Emerson, Darren See Underworld Emerson, Jack See Jason & the Scorchers Emerson, Keith See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emerson String Quartet 33 Emerson-Elliott, Cameron See Youth Group Emert, Alan See Brave Combo Emery, James See String Trio of New York Emery, Jill See Hole Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Also see D12 Eminovic, Asmet See Boban Markovic Orkestar Eminovic, Dragoljub See Boban Markovic Orkestar Eminovic, Isidor See Boban Markovic Orkestar

Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Emmerson, Simon See Afro Celt Sound System Emmet Swimming 24 Empire, Alec See Atari Teenage Riot En Vogue 10 Endo, Nic See Atari Teenage Riot Engemann, Bob See Lettermen, The English, Janet See Spiderbait English, Michael 23 English, Richard See Flaming Lips English Beat, The 9 Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music Eno, Jim See Spoon Enos, Bob See Roomful of Blues Enright, Pat See Nashville Bluegrass Band Ensemble Modern 39 Entner, Warren See Grass Roots, The Entwistle, John See Who, The Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Clannad Eoin, Marcus See Boards of Canada EPMD 10 Eppard, Josh See Coheed and Cambria Epstein, Howie See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Erchick, Peter See Olivia Tremor Control Eric B. See Eric B. and Rakim Eric B. and Rakim 9 Erickson, Roky 16 Also see 13th Floor Elevators Erikson, Duke See Garbage Eriksson, John See Peter Bjorn and John Erlandson, Eric See Hole Erlandsson, Adrian See Cradle of Filth Erna, Sully See Godsmack

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Erner, Jeff “The Shark” See Dropkick Murphys Eroica Trio 47 Errico, Greg See Sly & the Family Stone Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Erskine, Peter See Weather Report Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Ertel, Janet See Chordettes, The Erwin, Emily See Dixie Chicks Erwin, Jake See Hot Club of Cowtown Esch, En See KMFDM Also see Pigface Escoriza, Benjamin See Radio Tarifa Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 ESG 45 Eshe, Montsho See Arrested Development Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eskelin, Ian 19 Esler-Smith, Frank See Air Supply Esperance, Tobin See Papa Roach Espinoza, Aaron See Earlimart Esquivel, Juan 17 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Estes, Sleepy John 25 Esthero 58 Estms, Shep See Lane, Fred Estrada, Erik-Michael See O-Town Estrada, Roy See Little Feat Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Estrin, Dan See Hoobastank Etheridge, John See Soft Machine Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Ethridge, Chris See Flying Burrito Brothers Eubanks, Jerry See Marshall Tucker Band Eubanks, Kevin 35 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan, John See Jethro Tull Evan and Jaron 38 Evanescence 53

Cumulative Musicians Index • 273

Fältskog, Agnetha See Abba

Fanning, Bernard See Powderfinger Farina, Geoff See Karate Farkas, Wally See Galactic Cowboys Farley, J. J. See Soul Stirrers, The Farlow, Billy C. See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Farndon, Pete See Pretenders, The Farner, Mark See Grand Funk Railroad Farnham, John 32 Farnsworth, Ed See Bardo Pond Farr, Karl Marx See Sons of the Pioneers Farr, Thomas Hubert See Sons of the Pioneers Farrar, Don See Four Lads, The Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Farrar, Jimmy See Molly Hatchet Farrar, John See Shadows, The Farrar, Marcus See Antibalas Farrar, Sam See Phantom Planet Farrell, Darren See Linkin Park Farrell, Frank See Supertramp Farrell, James See Flamin’ Groovies Farrell, Perry See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Farrer, Rob See Divine Comedy, The Farris, Dionne See Arrested Development Farris, Tim See Israel Vibration Farriss, Andrew See INXS

Falzone, Chuck See Flying Luttenbachers, The

Farriss, Jon See INXS

Fambrough, Henry See Spinners, The

Farriss, Tim See INXS Farro, Josh See Paramore

Evora, Cesaria 19

Fame, Georgie See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings

Ewen, Alvin See Steel Pulse

Fame, Lil’ See M.O.P.

Ewolf See Dirtbombs, The

Fancey, Todd See New Pornographers

Fast See Fun Lovin’ Criminals

Ex, The 28

Fanciullo, Marshall See Ludo

Fastbacks, The 29

Fankhauser, Merrell 24

Fat Joe 42

Evans, Alan See Soulive Evans, Anne 46 Evans, Audrey See Mediaeval Baebes Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Bill See Beulah Evans, Dick “Dik” See U2 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Evans, Garth See Paragons, The Evans, Gil 17 Evans, Guy See Van der Graaf Generator Evans, John See Box Tops, The Evans, Lynn See Chordettes, The Evans, Mark See AC/DC Evans, Neal See Soulive Evans, Nick See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Evans, Sandy See Clarion Fracture Zone Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Evans, Shane See Collective Soul Evans, Tom See Badfinger Eve 34 Eve 6 31 Evelyn, George See Nightmares on Wax Evenson, Chris See Sense Field Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Everett, Betty 47 Everlast 27 Also see House of Pain Everly, Don See Everly Brothers, The Everly, Phil See Everly Brothers, The Everly Brothers, The 2 Everman, Jason See Soundgarden Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Evidence See Dilated Peoples

Exkano, Paul See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Exploited, The 60 Exposé 4 Extreme 10 Ezell, Ralph See Shenandoah Fabian 5 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabolous 47 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Face to Face 50 Faces, The 22 Fadden, Jimmie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Fafara, Dez See Coal Chamber Fagen, Donald See Steely Dan Fagenson, Tony See Eve 6 Fahey, Brian See Paladins, The Fahey, John 17 Fahey, Siobhan See Bananarama Faint, The 53 Fairchild, Jim See Grandaddy Fairchild, Karen See Little Big Town Fairfield Four 49 Fairfoull, Bob See Idlewild Fairport Convention 22 Fairs, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Faith, Percy 43 Faith No More 7 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faithless 37 Fakir, Abdul “Duke” See Four Tops, The Falcone, Tom See Cute Is What We Aim For Falconer, Earl See UB40 Falkner, Jason 57 Also see Jellyfish Fall, The 12 Fall Out Boy 57

Farro, Zac See Paramore Fassie, Brenda 50

Fastball 32

274 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Fat Mike See NOFX Fatboy Slim 22 Fat Boys, The 47 Fateman, Johanna See Le Tigre Fatone, Joey See ’N Sync Fats, Hollywood See Blasters, The Fatt, Jeff See Wiggles, The Faulkner, Andy See Saints, The Faulkner, Dave See Hoodoo Gurus Faussart, Celia See Les Nubians Faussart, Helene See Les Nubians Faust 32 Fay, Bob See Sebadoh Fay, Johnny See Tragically Hip, The Fay, Martin See Chieftains, The Fayad, Frank See Love Faydoe Deelay See Crazy Town Fear Factory 27 Fearless, Richard See Death in Vegas Fearman, Eric See Dazz Band Fearnley, James See Pogues, The Feathers, Charlie 40 Feedback, Captain See Rube Waddell Feehily, Mark See Westlife Fehlmann, Thomas See Orb, The Fehn, Chris See Slipknot Feigelson, Yosif 35 Feinstein, Michael 6 Feist 55 Feist, Leslie See Broken Social Scene Fela See Kuti, Fela Felber, Dean See Hootie and the Blowfish Felder, Don See Eagles, The Feldman, Eric Drew See Pere Ubu Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

States of America, The Finn, Micky See T. Rex Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Finn, Neil See Crowded House Finn, Tim See Crowded House fIREHOSE 11 Fischer, Kyle See Rainer Maria Fischer, Matt See Minty Fischer, Warren See Screeching Weasel Fish, Ginger See Marilyn Manson Fish, Pat See Jazz Butcher, The Fishbone 7 Fisher, Brandon See Superdrag Fisher, Eddie 12 Fisher, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fisher, John “Norwood” See Fishbone Fisher, Morgan See Mott the Hoople Fisher, Phillip “Fish” See Fishbone Fisher, Roger See Heart Fishman, Jon See Phish Fisk, Rob See Deerhoof Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Fitzgerald, Kevin See Geraldine Fibbers Fitzpatrick, John See Nightnoise Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12 Five for Fighting 36 Five Iron Frenzy 26 5 Browns, The 59 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 54-40 37 Fixsen, Guy See Laika Fixx, The 33 Flack, Roberta 5 Flakus, Walter See Stabbing Westward Flamin’ Groovies 42 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Felix, Frank See Acoustic Alchemy Felix da Housecat 44 Fell, Simon H. 32 Felt 32 Felumlee, Mike See Alkaline Trio Fender, Freddy See Texas Tornados, The Fender, Leo 10 Fenech, P. See Los Lonely Boys Fenn, Rick See 10cc Fennell, Kevin See Guided By Voices Fennelle, Tony See Ultravox Fennelly, Gere See Redd Kross Fent-Lister, Johnny See Lane, Fred Fenwick, Ray See Spencer Davis Group Ferbee, Willie See Drifters, The Ferguson, Doug See Camel Ferguson, Eliot See Gogol Bordello Ferguson, Jay See Sloan Ferguson, Jay See Spirit Ferguson, Keith See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Ferguson, Maynard 7 Ferguson, Mike See Charlatans, The Ferguson, Neil See Chumbawamba Ferguson, Stacey “Fergie” See Black Eyed Peas Ferguson, Steve See Imperials, The Ferguson, Steve See NRBQ Fernandes, John See Olivia Tremor Control Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Julio See Spyro Gyra Fernández, Pedro 49 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferrante, Russell See Yellowjackets Ferreira, Hugo See Tantric

Also see Orchestra Baobab Ferrone, Steve See Average White Band Ferry, Adam See O.C. Supertones, The Ferry, Bryan 1 Also see Roxy Music Fher See Maná Ficca, Billy See Television Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fiedler, Joshua See Juliana Theory, The Fiedler, Margaret See Laika Fieger, Doug See Knack, The Field, Anthony See Wiggles, The Fielder, Jim See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fields, Brandon See Rippingtons Fields, Johnny See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Fieldy See Korn Fier, Anton See Golden Palominos Also see Pere Ubu Fifth Dimension 36 50 Cent 55 Filan, Shane See Westlife Filice, Dave See Great White Filter 28 Finch, Adrian See Elf Power Finch, Carl See Brave Combo Finch, Jennifer See L7 Finch, Richard See KC and the Sunshine Band Finck, Robin See Nine Inch Nails Finckel, David See Emerson String Quartet Findlay, Tom See Groove Armada Findley, Marie See Mediaeval Baebes Fine, Vivian 42 Fine Young Cannibals 22

Ferreira, Justin See Reel Big Fish

Finestone, Peter See Bad Religion

Flamingos, The 36

Ferrell, Rachelle 17

Fink, Jr., Rat See Alien Sex Fiend

Flanagin, Craig See God Is My Co-Pilot

Finn, Craig See Hold Steady, The

Flannery, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Finn, Jason See Presidents of the United

Flansburgh, John See They Might Be Giants

Feldman, Morton 42

Ferrell, Tim See Ludo

Feldmann, John See Goldfinger

Ferrer, Frank See Love Spit Love

Feliciano, José 10

Ferrer, Ibrahim 44

Finer, Jem See Pogues, The

Flanagan, Tommy 16

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Musicians Index • 275

Flash, Flying Johnny See Lanternjack, The Flatlanders, The 43 Flatt, Lester 3 Flavor Flav See Public Enemy Flea See Red Hot Chili Peppers Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Fleetwood, Mick See Fleetwood Mac Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Fleischmann, Robert See Journey Fleisig, Alexis See Girls Against Boys Fleming, Renee 24 Flemion, Dennis See Frogs, The Also see Smashing Pumpkins Flemion, Jimmy See Frogs, The Flemons, Dom See Carolina Chocolate Drops Flemons, Wade See Earth, Wind and Fire Flesch, Greg See Daniel Amos Flesh-N-Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Fletcher, Andy See Depeche Mode Fletcher, Guy See Dire Straits Flint, Keith See Prodigy Floetry 49 Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Florida Boys, The 42 Flotsam and Jetsam 54 Flower, James See Six by Seven Flowers, Brandon See Killers, The Flowers, Luke See Cinematic Orchestra Floyd, Heather See Point of Grace Fluoride, Klaus See Dead Kennedys Flür, Wolfgang See James Gang Also see Kraftwerk Flying Burrito Brothers 44 Flying Saucer Attack 29

Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival Fogerty, Thomas See Creedence Clearwater Revival Foghat 45 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Foley See Arrested Development Folk Implosion, The 28 Followill, Caleb See Kings of Leon Followill, Jared See Kings of Leon Followill, Matthew See Kings of Leon Followill, Nathan See Kings of Leon Fonseca, Celso 47 Fontamillas, Jerome See Switchfoot Fontana, Carl 47 Foo, Sharin See Raveonettes, The Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Foote, Dick See Lane, Fred Forbes, China See Musiq Forbes, Derek See Simple Minds Forbes, Graham See Incredible String Band Ford, Frankie See Pretty Things, The Ford, Frazey See Be Good Tanyas Ford, Joby See Bronx, The Ford, John See Strawbs

Flying Luttenbachers, The 28

Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3

Fowlkes, Jeff See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise

Flynn, Frank Emilio 37

Forde, Brinsley “Dan” See Aswad

Fox, Jackie See Runaways, The

Fordham, Julia 15 Foreigner 21

Fox, Jim See James Gang

Foreman, Chris See Madness

Fox, Ken See Jason & the Scorchers

Flynn, Pat See New Grass Revival, The Flynn, Robert See Machine Head Fogelberg, Dan 4

Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Ford, Marc See Black Crowes, The Ford, Maya See Donnas, The Ford, Mike See Moxy Früvous Ford, Penny See Soul II Soul Ford, Robben 54 Ford, Robert “Peg” See Golden Gate Quartet Ford, T-Model 41

Foreman, Jonathan See Switchfoot Foreman, Tim See Switchfoot Forgarino, Sam See Interpol Forrester, A.C. See Of Montreal Forrester, Alan See Mojave 3 Forsi, Ken See Surfaris, The Forster, Ariane See Slits, The Forster, Robert See Go-Betweens, The Forte, Juan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Fortune, J.D. See INXS Fortune, Jimmy See Statler Brothers, The Fortus, Richard See Love Spit Love Fossen, Steve See Heart Foss-Rose, Rayna See Coal Chamber Foster, Ben See Screeching Weasel Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Foster, Denzil See Club Nouveau Foster, Malcolm See Pretenders, The Foster, Murry See Moxy Früvous Foster, Paul See Soul Stirrers, The Foster, Radney 16 Foster, Willie 36 Fountain, Clarence See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Fox, Lucas See Motörhead Fox, Oz See Stryper Fox, Samantha 3 Foxton, Bruce See Jam, The Foxwell Baker, Iain Richard See Jesus Jones Foxx, Jamie 62 Foxx, John 56 Also see Ultravox Foxx, Leigh See Blondie Fraiture, Nikolai See Strokes, The Frame, Roddy See Aztec Camera Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie France, Phil See Cinematic Orchestra Francis, Barrington See Saints, The Francis, Billy See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Francis, Black See Black, Frank Also see Pixies, The Francis, Connie 10 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Francis, Michael See Asleep at the Wheel Franco 39 Francolini, Dave See Dark Star Franey, Ian See 54-40 Franke, Chris See Tangerine Dream Frankenstein, Jeff See Newsboys, The Frankie Goes to Hollywood 31

Fountain, Pete 7

Frankie J. 58

Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24

4Him 23

Franklin, Adam See Swervedriver

Four Lads, The 41 Four Seasons, The 24 Four Tops, The 11 Fowler, Bruce “Fossil Fowler” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Fowler, Buren See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’

Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Franklin, Elmo See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Franklin, Farrah See Destiny’s Child Franklin, Kirk 22 Franklin, Larry See Asleep at the Wheel Franklin, Melvin See Temptations, The Franti, Michael 16 Also see Spearhead Frantz, Chris See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads

276 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Franz Ferdinand 58 Fraser, Andy See Free Fraser, Elizabeth See Cocteau Twins, The Frater, Shaun See Fairport Convention Frazier, Keith “Bass Drum Shorty” See Rebirth Brass Band Frazier, Philip See Rebirth Brass Band Frazier, Stan See Sugar Ray Frechette, Denis See La Bottine Souriante Frechette, Jean See La Bottine Souriante Frederic, Dreux “Li’l Fizz” See B2K Frederiksen, Lars See Rancid Fredriksson, Marie See Roxette Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 Freed, Audley See Black Crowes, The Freel, David See Swell Freeman, Aaron See Ween Freeman, Chico 49 Freeman, Isaac See Fairfield Four Freeman, Matt See Rancid Freeman, Russ See Rippingtons Freeman, Von 48

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Soul Coughing Gabel, Tom See Against Me! Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaby See Les Négresses Vertes Gacy, Madonna Wayne See Marilyn Manson Gadler, Frank See NRBQ Gaelic Storm 52 Gaffney, Eric See Sebadoh Gagliardi, Ed See Foreigner Gahan, Dave See Depeche Mode Gaillard, Slim 31 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gaines, Steve See Lynyrd Skynyrd Gaines, Timothy See Stryper Gainey, Ted See Blue Mountain Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Gaither, Bill 53 Also see Gaither Vocal Band Gaither, Tommy See Orioles, The Gaither Vocal Band 38 Galactic 44 Galactic Cowboys 62 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galaxie 500 33 Gale, Melvyn See Electric Light Orchestra Galea, Darren See Jamiroquai Galimir, Felix 36 Galindo, Dan See 13th Floor Elevators Gallagher, Liam See Oasis Gallagher, Noel See Oasis Galliano, Richard 58 Galloway, Ruth See Mediaeval Baebes Gallucci, Dann See Murder City Devils

See Relient K Fresh, Mannie See Big Tymers, The Freshwater, John See Alien Sex Fiend Frey, Chris See Destroyer Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Fricke, Janie 33 Fricker, Sylvia See Ian and Sylvia Fridmann, Dave See Mercury Rev Friedman, Kinky 35 Friedman, Marty See Megadeth Friel, Tony See Fall, The Friend, Eric See Spoon Friesen, David 41 Friesen, John See Player Fripp, Robert 9 Also see King Crimson Frischmann, Justine Elinor See Elastica Also see Suede Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos Fritzsche, Chris See Chanticleer Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frobusch, Nichole See Mediaeval Baebes Froese, Edgar See Tangerine Dream Froggatt, Thomas See VAST Frogs, The 31 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Front Line Assembly 20 Front Range 43 Front 242 19 Froom, Mitchell 15 Frost, Craig See Grand Funk Railroad Frost, Edith 40 Frost, James See Automatic, The Frugone, Pedro “Archi” See La Ley Frugone, Pedro See La Ley Fruitbat See Carter USM

See Molotov Fugazi 13 Fugees, The 17 Fugs, The 35 Fujiyama, Sashiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fujiyama, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fulber, Rhys See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Full Force 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fuller, Craig See Little Feat Fuller, Craig See Pure Prairie League Fuller, Jim See Surfaris, The Fulson, Lowell 20 Fulton, Willie See Tower of Power Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20 Funahara, O. Chosei See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Funches, Johnny See Dells, The Funk, Chris See Decemberists, The Funk Brothers 42 Fuqua, Charlie See Ink Spots Fuqua, Harvey See Moonglows, The Furay, Richie See Buffalo Springfield Furey, Eddie See Fureys, The Furey, Finbar See Fureys, The Furey, George See Fureys, The Furey, Paul See Fureys, The Fureys, The 41 Furler, Peter See Newsboys, The Furlong, Eric See Sunset Valley Furr, John See Treadmill Trackstar

Frusciante, John 56 Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers

Futter, Brian See Catherine Wheel

Fu Manchu 22

Future Sound of London 41

Gallupe, Brooke See Immaculate Machine

Frenette, Matthew See Loverboy

Fudesco, Derek See Murder City Devils

Fuzz See Disturbed

Galore, Lady See Lords of Acid

Freni, Mirella 14

Fuel 27

G. Love 24

Frescone, Todd

Fuentes, Tito

Gabay, Yuval

Galvin, John See Molly Hatchet

Freese, Josh See Perfect Circle, A Also see Suicidal Tendencies Frehley, Ace See Kiss Freiberg, David See Jefferson Starship Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Freire, Jose See Bacilos Fremerman, Elana See Hot Club of Cowtown French, Frank See Cake French, John “Drumbo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band French, Mark See Blue Rodeo French Kicks 60 Frenett, John See Laika

Furstenfeld, Jeremy See Blue October Furstenfeld, Justin See Blue October Furtado, Nelly 47 Furuholmen, Magne See A-ha

Gallucci, Don See Kingsmen, The Gallup, Simon See Cure, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Galway, James 3 Gambill, Roger See Kingston Trio, The Gamble, Cheryl “Coko” See SWV Gamboa, Steve See Make-Up, The Gane, Tim See Stereolab Gang of Four 8 Gang Starr 13 Gangsta Boo See Three 6 Mafia Gannon, Craig See Aztec Camera Gano, Gordon See Violent Femmes Ganser, Marge See Shangri-Las, The Ganser, Mary Ann See Shangri-Las, The Ganucheau, Ray See Continental Drifters Gap Band, The 42 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garcia, Dean See Curve Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Garcia, Kevin See Grandaddy Garcia, Leddie See Poi Dog Pondering Garcia, Marcos See Antibalas Garcia, Teca See Tijuana No! Gardel, Carlos 57 Gardener, Mark See Ride Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gardner, Adam See Guster Gardner, Carl See Coasters, The Gardner, Suzi See L7 Gare, Lou See AMM Garfat, Jance See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Garnier, Laurent 29 Garone, Gerard See Radio 4 Garrard, Stuart See Delirious? Garrett, Amos See Pearls Before Swine Garrett, Kenny 28 Garrett, Megan See ?Casting Crowns Garrett, Nick See Amici Forever Garrett, Peter See Midnight Oil Garrett, Scott See Cult, The Garrison, Chuck See Superchunk Garside, Melanie See Mediaeval Baebes Garth, Al See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Garvey, Chuck See moe. Garvey, Joe See Hinder Garvey, Steve See Buzzcocks, The Gary, Bruce See Knack, The Gary, John 65 Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45 Garza, Henry See Los Lonely Boys Garza, JoJo See Los Lonely Boys Garza, Jr., Ringo See Los Lonely Boys Garza, Rob See Thievery Corporation Gaskill, Jerry See King’s X Gaston, Asa See Lane, Fred Gately, Stephen See Boyzone Gates, David See Bread Gates, Jimmy Jr. See Silk Gathering, The 62 Gatton, Danny 16

Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel

Gaudio, Bob See Four Seasons, The

Gargiulo, Lulu See Fastbacks, The

Gaudreau, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The

Garibaldi, Dave See Tower of Power

Gaugh, Bud See Long Beach Dub All Stars

Garland, Judy 6

Gaugh, IV, “Bud” Floyd See Sublime

Garner, Erroll 25 Garner, Josh See Florida Boys, The Garnes, Sherman

Cumulative Musicians Index • 277

Gay, Marc See Shai Gayden, Mac See Pearls Before Swine Gaye, Angus “Drummie Zeb” See Aswad Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Charles 35 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaylor, Chris See All-American Rejects, The Gaynor, Adam See Matchbox 20 Gaynor, Gloria 36 Gaynor, Mel See Simple Minds Gayol, Rafael “Danny” See BoDeans Geary, Paul See Extreme Geddes, Chris See Belle and Sebastian Gedge, David See Wedding Present, The Gee, Rosko See Can Also see Traffic Geffen, David 8 Geils, J. See J. Geils Band Gelb, Howe See Giant Sand Geldof, Bob 9 Gendel, Keith See Papas Fritas Gene Loves Jezebel 27 Genensky, Marsha See Anonymous 4 Genesis 4 Gengler, Matthew See Aloha Genn, Dave See Matthew Good Band Gentling, Matt See Archers of Loaf Gentry, Bobbie 46 Gentry, Teddy Wayne See Alabama Gentry, Troy See Montgomery Gentry Genzale, John See New York Dolls, The George, Boy See Culture Club George, Brian “B-Fine” See Full Force George, Inara 65 George, Jr., Lucien “Bow-Legged Lou” See Full Force

George, Stephen See Swervedriver Georges, Bernard See Throwing Muses Georgiev, Ivan See Tuxedomoon Geraghty, Dave See Bell X1 Geraldine Fibbers 21 Gerber, Scott See Giant Sand Gergiev, Valery 58 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Germano, Lisa 18 Germs, The 54 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Also see Dead Can Dance Gerrard, Vic See Derailers, The Gershman, Benj See O.A.R. Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gessle, Per See Roxette Get Up Kids 41 Geto Boys, The 11 Getz, Stan 12 Gheorghiu, Angela 38 Ghomeshi, Jian See Moxy Früvous Ghost 24 Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Giallombardo, Phil See James Gang Giammalvo, Chris See Madder Rose Gianni, Angelo See Treadmill Trackstar Giant Sand 30 Gibb, Barry See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Maurice See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Robin See Bee Gees, The Gibbard, Ben See Death Cab for Cutie Gibbins, Mike See Badfinger Gibbons, Beth See Portishead Gibbons, Billy See ZZ Top Gibbons, Ian See Kinks, The Gibbons, John See Bardo Pond Gibbons, Michael See Bardo Pond

George, Lowell See Little Feat

Gibbs, Rich See Oingo Boingo

George, Paul Anthony See Full Force

Gibbs, Terry 35

Gauthier, Mary 54 Gavurin, David See Sundays, The

George, Rocky See Suicidal Tendencies

Giblin, John See Simple Minds Gibson, Bob 23

278 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Gibson, Debbie See Gibson, Deborah Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gibson, Don 58 Gibson, Wilf See Electric Light Orchestra Giddens, Rhiannon See Carolina Chocolate Drops Gifford, Alex See Propellerheads Also see Electric Light Orchestra Gifford, Katharine See Stereolab Gifford, Peter See Midnight Oil Gift, Roland 3 Also see Fine Young Cannibals Gift of Gab See Blackalicious Giguere, Russ See Association, The Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilbert, Bruce See Wire Gilbert, Chad See New Found Glory Gilbert, Gillian See New Order Gilbert, John See Rebirth Brass Band Gilbert, Michael See Flotsam and Jetsam Gilbert, Nick See Felt Gilbert, Nicole Nicci See Brownstone Gilbert, Paul See Mr. Big Gilbert, Ronnie See Weavers, The Gilbert, Simon See Suede Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gilby, Dave See Pursuit of Happiness, The Gilchrist, Chad See His Name Is Alive Giles, Michael See King Crimson Gilkinson, Jeff See Dillards, The Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gilkyson, Tony See X

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Rusted Root Glamorre, Matthew See Minty Glascock, John See Jethro Tull Glaser, Gabby See Luscious Jackson Glass, Daniel See Royal Crown Revue Glass, David See Christian Death Glass, Eddie See Fu Manchu Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Glasser, Jason See Clem Snide Glazer, Tom 48 Glen See Christafari Glenn, Devon See Buckcherry Glenn, Gary See Silk Glenn, J. See My Morning Jacket Glennie, Evelyn 33 Glennie, Jim See James Glitter, Gary 19 Glover, Corey See Living Colour Glover, Leroy See ESG Glover, Roger See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Gnarls Barkley 64 Gnewikow, Jason See Promise Ring, The Gobel, Robert See Kool & the Gang Go-Betweens, The 28 Goble, Brian Roy See D.O.A. God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godchaux, Donna See Grateful Dead, The Godchaux, Keith See Grateful Dead, The Goddard, Jeff See Karate Goddard, Joe See Hot Chip Goddess, Tony See Papas Fritas Godfrey, Paul See Morcheeba

See Railroad Earth Goettel, Dwayne Rudolf See Skinny Puppy Goffey, Danny See Supergrass Goffin, Gerry See Goffin-King Goffin-King 24 Gogerty, Patrick See Charlatans, The Gogin, Toni See Sleater-Kinney Gogol Bordello 59 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goh, Rex See Air Supply Gold, Julie 22 Golden, William Lee See Oak Ridge Boys, The Golden Gate Quartet 25 Golden Palominos 32 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Goldfinger 46 Goldfrapp 59 Goldfrapp, Alison See Goldfrapp Golding, Lynval See Specials, The Goldman, Matt See Blue Man Group Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Goldsmith, William See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Goldstein, Jerry See War Goldstein, Scott See His Name Is Alive Golightly, Holly 45 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gomez 33 Gomez Caceres, Alejandro See Aterciopelados Gomis, Rudy See Orchestra Baobab Gomm, Ian See Brinsley Schwarz Gong 24 Gonson, Claudia See Magnetic Fields, The Gontier, Adam See Three Days Grace Gonzales, Andrew See Reel Big Fish Gonzales, Dave See Paladins, The

Godfrey, Ross See Morcheeba

Gooch, Joe See Ten Years After

Girls Against Boys 31

Godin, Nicolas See Air

Good, Dallas See Sadies, The

Gill, Janis See Sweethearts of the Rodeo

Gittleman, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones

Godley, Kevin See 10cc

Good, Matthew See Matthew Good Band

Gill, Johnny 20

Giuffre, Jimmy 64

Godsmack 30

Gill, Ped

Glabicki, Michael

Goessling, Andy

Good, Nathan See Death Cab for Cutie

Gill, Andy See Gang of Four Gill, George See Wire

See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Gill, Pete See Motörhead Gill, Todd See Lucero Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gillan, Ian See Deep Purple Also see Black Sabbath Gillard, Doug See Cobra Verde Gillespie, Bobby See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Also see Primal Scream Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Gillette, Mic See Tower of Power Gilley, Mickey 7 Gillies, Ben See Silverchair Gillingham, Charles See Counting Crows Gillingham, Charlie See Counting Crows Gillis, Steve See Filter Gilman, Billy 34 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Also see Flatlanders, The Gilmore, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Gilmore, Skillet See Whiskeytown Gilmore, Thea 48 Gilmour, David See Pink Floyd Gilvear, Marcus See Gene Loves Jezebel Gin Blossoms 18 Gingold, Josef 6 Ginn, Greg See Black Flag Ginsberg, Allen 26 Ginuwine 34 Gioia See Exposé Giorgini, Mass See Screeching Weasel Gipp, Cameron “Big Gipp” See Goodie Mob Gipson, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Giraldo, Andres See Aterciopelados Giraudy, Miquitte See Gong

Gonzalez, Ruben 49

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Good, Travis See Sadies, The Good Charlotte 45 Goode, Kelly See Deerhoof Gooden, Ramone Pee Wee See Digital Underground Gooden, Sam See Impressions, The Goodie Mob 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Goodman, Jerry See Mahavishnu Orchestra Goodman, Marshall See Long Beach Dub All Stars Goodrem, Delta 65 Goodridge, Robin See Bush Goodsight, Andrew See Black 47 Goodwin, Billy See NewSong Goodwin, Jimi See Doves Goodwyn, Myles See April Wine Googe, Debbie See My Bloody Valentine Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Googy, Arthur See Misfits, The Gordon, Dexter 10 Gordon, Dwight See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Gordon, Henry “Raleigh” See Toots and the Maytals Gordon, Jay See Orgy Gordon, Jim See Traffic Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Kim See Sonic Youth Gordon, Mike See Phish Gordon, Nina See Veruca Salt Gordon, Robert 57 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Gore, Lesley 35 Gore, Martin See Depeche Mode Gorham, Scott See Thin Lizzy Gorillaz 42 Gorka, John 18

See Clarion Fracture Zone Gorrie, Alan See Average White Band Gorter, Arjen See Willem Breuker Kollektief Goshorn, Larry See Pure Prairie League Goshorn, Tim See Pure Prairie League Gosling, John See Kinks, The Gossard, Stone See Brad Also see Pearl Jam Goswell, Rachel See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Gotobed, Robert See Wire Gott, Larry See James Gottlieb, Lou See Limeliters, The Goudreau, Barry See Boston Gould, Billy See Faith No More Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Goulding, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Gouldman, Graham See 10cc Gov’t Mule 35 Gowan, Lawrence See Styx Grable, Steve See Pearls Before Swine Gracey, Chad See Live Gracey, George See Fairfield Four Gracin, Josh 64 Gradney, Ken See Little Feat Grae, Jean 52 Graffety-Smith, Toby See Jamiroquai Graffin, Greg See Bad Religion Graham, Bill 10 Graham, Ed See Darkness, The Graham, Glen See Blind Melon Graham, Johnny See Earth, Wind and Fire

Cumulative Musicians Index • 279

Gray, Lara See Luna

Gray, Walter See Kronos Quartet Gray, Wardell See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Great Big Sea 45 Great White 44 Greater Vision 26 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Grech, Rick See Traffic Greco, Paul See Chumbawamba Greco, Ron See Flamin’ Groovies Green, Adam 64 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Benny 17 Green, Carlito “Cee-lo” See Goodie Mob Green, Charles See War Green, Dallas See Alexisonfire Green, David See Air Supply Green, Douglas “Ranger Doug” See Riders in the Sky Green, Gardner Ray See Rebirth Brass Band Green, Grant 14 Green, James See Dru Hill Green, Jeremiah See Modest Mouse Green, Keith 38 Green, Lattimer See Fairfield Four Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Green, Susaye See Supremes, The Green, Urbie 36 Green, Vivian 57 Green, Wendi Foy See Sierra Green, Willie See Neville Brothers, The Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Greenall, Rupert See Fixx, The Greene, Karl Anthony See Herman’s Hermits Greenfield, Dave See Stranglers, The

Gray, Luther See Tsunami

Greenhalgh, Tom See Mekons, The

Gray, Macy 32

Greensmith, Domenic See Reef

Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grandaddy 43 Grandberry, Omari “Omarion” See B2K Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granger, Courtney See Balfa Toujours Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Bob See The Bad Livers Grant, Colyn “Mo” See Baha Men Grant, Derek See Alkaline Trio Grant, Gogi 28 Grant, Lloyd See Metallica Grant, Natalie 53 Grant Lee Buffalo 16 Granz, Norman 37 Grapes of Wrath, The 33 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Grass Roots, The 62 Grateful Dead, The 5 Gratzer, Alan See REO Speedwagon Graul, Barry See MercyMe Gravatt, Eric See Weather Report Gravediggaz 23 Graves, Alexander See Moonglows, The Graves, Denyce 16 Graves, Josh 48 Graves, Michale See Misfits, The Gray, David 30 Gray, Del See Little Texas Gray, Doug See Marshall Tucker Band Gray, Eddie See Tommy James and the Shondells Gray, Ella See Kronos Quartet Gray, Ellen See Two Dollar Pistols Gray, F. Gary 19 Gray, James See Blue Rodeo

Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30

Graham, Larry See Sly & the Family Stone

Gorman, Christopher See Belly

Graham, Mikey See Boyzone

Gray, Paul See Slipknot

Gorman, Steve See Black Crowes, The

Graham, Susan 40

Gray, Rocky See Evanescence

Gorman, Thomas See Belly Gorman, Tony

Gramm, Lou See Foreigner Gramolini, Gary See Beaver Brown Band, The

Gray, Tom See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The

Greenspoon, Jimmy See Three Dog Night Greentree, Richard See Beta Band, The Greenwald, Alex See Phantom Planet

280 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Greenwald, Joe See Dirtbombs, The Greenway, Brian See April Wine Greenwood, Al See Foreigner Greenwood, Colin See Radiohead Greenwood, Gail See Belly Greenwood, Jonny See Radiohead Greenwood, Lee 12 Greer, Jim See Guided By Voices Gregg, Dave See D.O.A. Gregg, Paul See Restless Heart Gregory, Bryan See Cramps, The Gregory, Dave See XTC Gregory, Gerald See Spaniels, The Gregory, Keith See Wedding Present, The Gregory, Troy See Flotsam and Jetsam Also see Prong Gregory, Will See Goldfrapp Greller, Al See Yo La Tengo Grey, Charles Wallace See Aquabats, The Grice, Gary “The Genius” See Wu-Tang Clan Griffin, A.C. “Eddie” See Golden Gate Quartet Griffin, Bob See BoDeans, The Griffin, Dale “Buffin” See Mott the Hoople Griffin, Gus See Paladins, The Griffin, James See Bread Griffin, Kevin See Better Than Ezra Also see NRBQ Griffin, Mark See MC 900 Ft. Jesus Griffin, Paloma See Pink Martini Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24

See Aswad Griffiths, Iwan See Automatic, The Griffiths, Marcia 45 Griffiths, Martin See Hawkwind Griffiths, Ryan See Vines, The Grigg, Chris See Treadmill Trackstar Griggs, Andy 40 Grill, Rob See Grass Roots, The Grillo, Carmen See Tower of Power Grimaud, Hélène 35 Grisman, David 17 Groban, Josh 47 Grohl, Dave See Foo Fighters Also see Nirvana Grondin, Jack See .38 Special Groove Armada 39 Gross, Julian See Liars Grossman, Rick See Hoodoo Gurus Grotberg, Karen See Jayhawks, The Grothman, Steve See Whiskeytown Groucutt, Kelly See Electric Light Orchestra Grove, Chris See Survivor Grove, George See Kingston Trio, The Grover, Charlie See Sponge Growcott, Andy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Grubb, Johnny See Railroad Earth Gruber, Andrea 54 Gruber, Craig See Rainbow Grundler, James See Paloalto Grundy, Hugh See Zombies, The Grushka, Ian See New Found Glory Grusin, Dave 7 Guadarramo, Jose See Los Bukis Guaraldi, Vince 3

See Tijuana No! Guerin, John See Byrds, The Guerra, Juan 63 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guese, Joe See Click Five, The Guess Who 23 Guest, Christopher See Spinal Tap Guetig, K.C. See My Morning Jacket Guettel, Adam 56 Guided By Voices 18 Gun, John See X-Ray Spex Gunderman, Jen See Jayhawks, The Gunn, Nicholas 39 Gunn, Trey See King Crimson Gunning, John Francis See Country Joe and the Fish Guns n’ Roses 2 Gunther, Cornell See Coasters, The Gunther, Ric See Bevis Frond Gurewitz, Brett See Bad Religion Gurtu, Trilok 29 Also see Oregon Guru See Gang Starr Gus Gus 26 Guss, Randy See Toad the Wet Sprocket Gustafson, John See Roxy Music Gustafson, Steve See 10,000 Maniacs Guster 29 Gut, Grudrun See Einstürzende Neubauten Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Guthrie, Robin See Cocteau Twins, The

Griffin, Rodney See Greater Vision

Guard, Dave See Kingston Trio, The

Guy, Billy See Coasters, The

Griffith, John Thomas See Cowboy Mouth

Gub See Screeching Weasel

Guy, Geordie See Killing Joke

Griffith, Johnny See Funk Brothers

Gubaidulina, Sofia 39

Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Hale, Simon See Incognito

Guyett, Jim See Quicksilver Messenger Service

Haley, Bill 6

Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Gudmundsdottir, Björk See Björk Also see Sugarcubes, The

Griffiths, Donald “Benjamin”

Güereña, Luis

Guthrie, Woody 2 Gutkin, Lisa See Klezmatics, The Gutman, Didi See Brazilian Girls Guttermouth 39 Guug See Mudvayne

Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Guzman, Ben See Reel Big Fish Gwar 13 Gym Class Heroes 62 Haack, Bruce 37 Habbin, David See Amici Forever Hacikyan, Shaant See Cute Is What We Aim For Hackberry Ramblers 43 Hacke, Alexander See Einstürzende Neubauten Hackett, Bobby 21 Hackett, Steve See Genesis Hadden, Martin See Silly Wizard Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Hadjopulos, Sue See Simple Minds Hadley, Jerry 64 Haendel, Ida 42 Hagar, Regan See Brad Hagar, Sammy 21 Also see Van Halen Hagen, Nina 25 Hagerty, Neil See Royal Trux Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 HaHa, Jimi See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Hahn, Hilary 30 Hahn, Joseph See Linkin Park Hailey, Cedric “K-Ci” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Hailey, Joel “JoJo” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Hailey, Shay See N.E.R.D. Hailey, Sheldon See N.E.R.D. Haimovitz, Matt 60 Haines, Emily See Broken Social Scene Haitink, Bernard 39 Hajjar, Tony See At The Drive-In Hakim, Omar See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Hakmoun, Hassan 15

Haley, Mark See Kinks, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Haley, Paige See Orgy Halford, Rob See Judas Priest Hall, Alan See Selah Hall, Bob See Savoy Brown Hall, Bruce See REO Speedwagon Hall, Christopher See Stabbing Westward Hall, Daryl See Hall & Oates Hall, Ellis See Tower of Power Hall, Janine See Saints, The Hall, Jim 35 Hall, John S. See King Missile Hall, Kristen See Sugarland Hall, Lance See Inner Circle Hall, Mark See ?Casting Crowns Hall, Pam See Black Uhuru Hall, Randall See Lynyrd Skynyrd Hall, Terry See Specials, The Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hall, Tommy See 13th Floor Elevators Hall, Tony See Neville Brothers, The Hallahan, Patrick See My Morning Jacket Hallam, Nick “The Head” See Stereo MC’s Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hallcox, Jason See Imperials, The Hallett, Bob See Great Big Sea Halliday, Toni See Curve Halligan Jr., Bob See Ceili Rain Halliwell, Geri See Spice Girls Halstead, Neil See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Ham, Greg See Men at Work Ham, Pete See Badfinger Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hamer, Harry See Chumbawamba

Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hamilton, Arnold (Frukwan da Gatekeeper) See Gravediggaz Hamilton, De’Mar See Plain White T’s Hamilton, Frank See Weavers, The Hamilton, Katie See Treadmill Trackstar Hamilton, Mark See Ash Hamilton, Milton See Third World Hamilton, Page See Helmet Hamilton, Scott 55 Hamilton, Tom See Aerosmith Hamlett, Robert See Fairfield Four Hamlin, Thomas See Black 47 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, Jan 21 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammerstein, Oscar See Rodgers, Richard Hammett, Kirk See Metallica Hammill, Peter 30 Hammill, Peter See Van der Graaf Generator Hammon, Ron See War Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond Jr., Albert See Strokes, The Hammond, Fred 36 Hammond, John 6 Hammond, Murry See Old 97’s Hammond-Hammond, Jeffrey See Jethro Tull Hampson, Sharon See Sharon, Lois & Bram Hampson, Thomas 12 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Butch 56 Also see Flatlanders, The Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Tommy See Flatlanders, The Hancock, Wayne 45 Handley, Ed See Plaid Handley, Jerry See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Handsome Family, The 30 Handy, W. C. 7 Handyside, Chris See Dirtbombs, The Hanley, Kay

Cumulative Musicians Index • 281

See Letters to Cleo Hanley, Steve See Fall, The Hanna, Jeff See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Hanna, Kathleen 45 Hanna, Kathleen See Le Tigre Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Hannah, Jim See Rumba Club Hannah, Paul See Rumba Club Hannan, Patrick See Sundays, The Hanneman, Jeff See Slayer Hannibal, Chauncey “Black” See Blackstreet Hannon, Frank See Tesla Hannon, Neil See Divine Comedy, The Hansen, Mary See Stereolab Hansen, Sean See Ataris, The Hanson 20 Hanson, Cody See Hinder Hanson, Isaac See Hanson Hanson, Joel See PFR Hanson, Paul (Prince Paul A.K.A. Dr. Strange) See Paul, Prince Hanson, Taylor See Hanson Hanson, Zachary See Hanson Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardaker, Sam See Zero 7 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hard-Fi 63 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hardin, Eddie See Spencer Davis Group Hardin, Geraldine See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harkelroad, Bill “Zoot Horn Rollo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Harket, Morten See A-ha Harley, Bill 7 Harley, Wayne See Pearls Before Swine Harmer, Nick See Death Cab for Cutie Harmer, Sarah 56 Harmon, Bob “Buff” See Ceili Rain Harmon, Carey See Railroad Earth Harmon, Eric See Chainsaw Kittens, The Harmon, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Harms, Jesse See REO Speedwagon Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harper, Benjamin See Yellowcard Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Kevin See Nightmares on Wax Harper, Raymond See Skatalites, The Harper, Roy 30 Harper, Tony See Slobberbone Harrell, Andre 16 Harrell, Lynn 3 Harrell, Todd See 3 Doors Down Harrell, Tom 28 Harrington, Ayodele See Sweet Honey in the Rock Harrington, Carrie See Sounds of Blackness Harrington, David See Kronos Quartet, The Harrington, Tim See Les Savy Fav Harris, Addie “Micki” See Shirelles, The Harris, Barry 32

Hardin, Tim 18

Harris, Bill See Clovers, The

Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardson, Tre “Slimkid” See Pharcyde, The

Harris, Ben See Dirty Vegas

Harris, Bobby See Dazz Band Harris, Corey 41

Hardy, Bob See Franz Ferdinand

Harris, Damon Otis See Temptations, The

Hardy, Françoise 43

Harris, Eddie 15

Hardy, Leslie See Murder City Devils

Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Hargreaves, Brad See Third Eye Blind Hargrove, Kornell See Poi Dog Pondering Hargrove, Roy 60

Harris, Eric See Olivia Tremor Control Harris, Evelyn Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock

282 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Harris, Gerard See Kool & the Gang Harris, James See Echobelly Harris, Jason “Moose” See New Model Army Harris, Jason See Damned, The Harris, Jeff See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Harris, Jesse 47 Harris, Jet See Shadows, The Harris, Jody See Golden Palominos Harris, Joey See Beat Farmers Harris, Kevin See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Harris, Lee See Talk Talk Harris, Mark See 4Him Harris, Mary See Spearhead Harris, Nigel See Jam, The Harris, Paul See Dirty Vegas Harris, R. H. See Soul Stirrers, The Harris, Shawntae See Da Brat Harris, Steve See Iron Maiden Harris, Teddy 22 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harrison, Jerry See Talking Heads Harrison, John See Hawkwind Harrison, Ken See Wild Strawberries Harrison, Lou 50 Harrison, Nigel See Blondie Harrison, Richard See Stereolab Harrison, Wendell 56 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Harry, Neil See Giant Sand Harsh, Eddie See Black Crowes, The Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27

Hart, Hattie See Memphis Jug Band Hart, Lorenz See Rodgers, Richard Hart, Mark See Crowded House Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Hart, Robert See Bad Company Hart, Tim See Steeleye Span Hart, William Cullen See Olivia Tremor Control Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hartgrove, Mike See IIIrd Tyme Out Hartke, Stephen 5 Hartley, Matthieu See Cure, The Hartman, Bob See Petra Hartman, Dave See Southern Culture on the Skids Hartman, John See Doobie Brothers, The Hartnoll, Paul See Orbital Hartnoll, Phil See Orbital Hartridge, Jimmy See Swervedriver Harvey, Bernard “Touter” See Inner Circle Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey, Philip “Daddae” See Soul II Soul Harvey, Polly Jean See Harvey, PJ Harvey Danger 60 Harvie, Iain See Del Amitri Harwell, Steve See Smash Mouth Harwood, Justin See Luna Haseltine, Dan See Jars of Clay Hashian See Boston Haskell, Gordon See King Crimson

Hart, Beth 29

Haskins, Kevin See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets

Hart, Chuck See Surfin’ Pluto

Haslinger, Paul See Tangerine Dream

Hart, Douglas See Jesus and Mary Chain, The

Haslip, Jimmy See Yellowjackets

Hart, Emerson See Tonic

Hassan, Norman See UB40

Hart, Grant See Hüsker Dü

Hasselhoff, Evil “Jared” See Bloodhound Gang, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Hassell, Jon 43 Hassilev, Alex See Limeliters, The Hassman, Nikki See Avalon Hastings, Jimmy See Caravan Hastings, Pye See Caravan Hatch, Kerry See Oingo Boingo Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hathaway, Donny 42 Hathaway, Jane See Lane, Fred Hathaway, Lalah 65 Hathaway, Richard See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Hatherley, Charlotte See Ash Hatori, Miho See Cibo Matto Also see Gorillaz Haug, Ian See Powderfinger Hauser, Tim See Manhattan Transfer, The Havens, Richie 11 Haveron, Andrew See Brodsky Quartet Havey, Jessee See Duhks, The Havok, Davey See AFI Hawes, Dave See Catherine Wheel Hawken, John See Strawbs Hawkes, Greg See Cars, The Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Dan See Darkness, The Hawkins, Derrek See Stabbing Westward Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hawkins, Hoyt See Jordanaires, The Hawkins, Justin See Darkness, The Hawkins, Lamont “U-God” See Wu-Tang Clan Hawkins, Nick See Big Audio Dynamite Hawkins, Richard (Dick) See Gene Loves Jezebel Hawkins, Rob See Automatic, The Hawkins, Roger See Traffic

Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Hawkins, Taylor See Foo Fighters Hawkins, Tramaine 17 Hawkins, Xian See Silver Apples Hawkwind 41 Hawley, Paul See Hot Hot Heat Hawthorne, Dustin See Hot Hot Heat Hawthorne Heights 65 Hawtin, Richie 45 Hay, Colin See Men at Work Hay, George D. 3 Hay, Ivor See Saints, The Hay, Roy See Culture Club Hayden 65 Hayden, Victor “The Mascara Snake” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Haydn, Lili 46 Haydock, Eric See Hollies, The Haye, George “Buddy” See Wailing Souls Hayes, Christian “Bic” See Dark Star Hayes, Darren See Savage Garden Hayes, Gemma 58 Hayes, Gordon See Pearls Before Swine Hayes, Isaac 10 Hayes, James See Persuasions, The Hayes, Kelley See Cold Hayes, Louis 40 Hayes, Peter See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Hayes, Roland 13 Haymes, Dick 36 Haynes, Gibby See Butthole Surfers Haynes, Harrison See Les Savy Fav Haynes, Ron See Liquid Soul Haynes, Roy 33 Haynes, Warren See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Haynie, Aubrey 46 Hays, Lee See Weavers, The

Hawkins, Ronnie 36

Hays, Tom See Swell

Hawkins, Ron See Lowest of the Low

Hayward, David Justin See Moody Blues, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Hayward, Lawrence See Felt Hayward, Richard See Little Feat Haza, Ofra 29 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Headley, Heather 37 Headliner See Arrested Development Headon, Topper See Clash, The Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Healey, Martin See Dead or Alive Healy, Fran See Travis Heard, Mark 48 Heard, Paul See M People Hearn, Kevin See Barenaked Ladies Heart 1 Heartsong, Dorian “Dorian 27” See Powerman 5000 Heath, James See Reverend Horton Heat Heathman, Ron See Supersuckers Heatley, Danny See Exploited, The Heaton, Paul See Beautiful South Heaton, Robert “Robb” See New Model Army Heavy D 10 Hebrank, Neil See Juliana Theory, The Hecker, Robert See Redd Kross Hederos, Martin See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Hedford, Eric See Dandy Warhols Hedges, Eddie See Blessid Union of Souls Hedges, Michael 3 Heffington, Don See Jayhawks, The Heggie, Will See Cocteau Twins, The Heidorn, Mike See Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Heifetz, Dany See Mr. Bungle Heifetz, Jascha 31 Heil, Rick See SonicFlood Heiss, Stu See Resurrection Band Heitman, Dana See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Helfgott, David 19 Helium, Bryan

See Elf Power Helium, Bryan See Of Montreal Hell, Richard See Television Hellauer, Susan See Anonymous 4 Heller, Bill See Rippingtons Hellerman, Fred See Weavers, The Hellier, Steve See Death in Vegas Helliwell, John See Supertramp Helm, Levon See Band, The Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Helmkamp, Pete See Angel Corpse Hem 55 Hemby, Ron See Imperials, The Hemingway, Dave See Beautiful South Hemmings, Courtney See Aswad Hemmings, Paul See Lightning Seeds Hemphill, Aaron See Liars Hemphill, Julius 34 Also see World Saxophone Quartet Hempton, Sam See Six by Seven Henderson, Andy See Echobelly Henderson, Billy See Spinners, The Henderson, Chris See 3 Doors Down Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henderson, Stewart See Delgados, The Hendricks, Barbara 10 Hendricks, Bobby See Drifters, The Hendricks, Jon See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Hendrix, Jennifer See Sierra Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hendryx, Nona 52 Henke, Bob See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henneman, Brian See Bottle Rockets

Cumulative Musicians Index • 283

Herrera, R. J. See Suicidal Tendencies

See Imperials, The Hesse, Chris See Hoobastank Hester, Paul See Crowded House Hetfield, James See Metallica Hetson, Greg See Bad Religion Also see Circle Jerks, The Heuer, Kevin See Vigilantes of Love Heveroh, Ben See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Hewitt, Bobby See Orgy Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hewitt, Steve See Placebo Hewlett, Jamie See Gorillaz Hewson, Paul See U2 Hexum, Nick See 311 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hibbard, Bill See Paul Revere & The Raiders Hibbert, Frederic “Toots” See Toots and the Maytals Hibbler, Al 34 Hickey, Kenny See Type O Negative Hickman, Johnny See Cracker Hicks, Chris See Restless Heart Hicks, Dan See Charlatans, The Hicks, Earl See Drive-By Truckers Hicks, John 59 Hicks, Sheree See C + C Music Factory Hicks, Tony See Hollies, The Hidalgo, David See Los Lobos Hield, Nehemiah See Baha Men

Herrera, Raymond See Fear Factory

Hield, Omerit See Baha Men

Herrin, Johnny See Resurrection Band

Higgenson, Tom See Plain White T’s

Herrlin, Anders See Roxette

Higgins, Billy 35

Herrmann, Bernard 14

Higgins, Terence See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Henrit, Bob See Kinks, The Henry, Bill See Northern Lights Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Henry, Kent See Steppenwolf Henry, Nicholas “Drummie” See Mystic Revealers Hensley, Ken See Uriah Heep Hepcat, Harry 23 Hepner, Rich See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Heppner, Ben 23 Herdman, Bob See Audio Adrenaline Herman, Maureen See Babes in Toyland Herman, Tom See Pere Ubu Herman, Woody 12 Hermann, John See Widespread Panic Herman’s Hermits 5 Hernandez, Alfredo See Queens of the Stone Age Hernandez, Bubba See Brave Combo Hernandez, Dave See Shins, The Hernandez, Joey See Voodoo Glow Skulls Hernandez, Johnny “Vatos” See Oingo Boingo Hernandez, Phil See Brave Combo Herndon, John See Tortoise Herndon, Mark Joel See Alabama Herndon, Ty 20 Heron, Mike See Incredible String Band Herrema, Jennifer See Royal Trux Herrera, Mike See MxPx

Herron, Cindy See En Vogue

Higgins, Missy 64

Highway 101 4

Herron, Don See BR5-49

Hijbert, Fritz See James Gang

Hersh, Kristin 49 Also see Throwing Muses

Hijbert, Fritz See Kraftwerk

Hess, Jake

Hilah

284 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Boredoms, The Hill, Andrew 41 Hill, Brendan See Blues Traveler Hill, Brian “Beezer” See Frogs, The Hill, Dave See Cobra Verde Hill, David See Slade Hill, Dusty See ZZ Top Hill, Faith 50 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hill, Ian See Judas Priest Hill, James See Fairfield Four Hill, Joe See Alien Ant Farm Hill, John See Apples in Stereo Hill, Kim See Black Eyed Peas Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hill, Michael See Slobberbone Hill, Scotti See Skid Row Hill, Scott See Fu Manchu Hill, Stuart See Shudder to Think Hillage, Steve See Orb, The Also see Gong Hillier, Steve See Dubstar Hillman, Bones See Midnight Oil Hillman, Chris See Byrds, The Also see Desert Rose Band, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Hilton, Eric See Thievery Corporation Hince, Jamie See Kills, The Hindalong, Steve See Normals, The Hinder 65 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hinds, Billy See Pure Prairie League Hinds, David See Steel Pulse Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12

See Country Joe and the Fish Hirst, Rob See Midnight Oil Hirt, Al 5 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hitchcock, Russell See Air Supply Hite, Bob See Canned Heat Hitt, Bryan See REO Speedwagon Hives, The 44 Hlubek, Dave See Molly Hatchet Ho, Don 54 Ho, Fred 60 Hoag, Bob See Ataris, The Hobbs, Randy Jo See McCoys, The Hobson, Motor See Lane, Fred Hodge, Alex See Platters, The Hodges, Johnny 24 Hodges, Warner See Jason & the Scorchers Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp Hodo, David See Village People, The Hoed, Pat See Down By Law Hoenig, Michael See Tangerine Dream Hoerig, Keith See Five Iron Frenzy

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Holmberg, Marcus See Komeda

Holmes, Tim See Death in Vegas Holmes, Wendell See Holmes Brothers, The Holmes Brothers, The 35 Holmstrom, Peter See Dandy Warhols Holsapple, Peter See Continental Drifters Also see dB’s, The Holsapple, Randy See Caedmon’s Call Holt, Chandler See Chatham County Line Holt, Cully See Jordanaires, The Holt, David Lee See Mavericks, The Holt, John See Paragons, The Holy, Steve 61 Holy Goat See Lanternjack, The Homme, Joshua See Queens of the Stone Age Also see Screaming Trees Honda, Yuka See Cibo Matto Honeyman, Susie See Mekons, The Honeyman-Scott, James See Pretenders, The Honeytree 58 Honolulu See Minty Hoobastank 50 Hood, David See Traffic Hood, Patterson See Drive-By Truckers Hoodoo Gurus 33 Hook, Peter See Joy Division Also see New Order Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hooks, Rosie Lee See Sweet Honey in the Rock Hoon, Shannon See Blind Melon Hooper, Chris See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Dave See Rippingtons

Holmes, Billy See Vigilantes of Love

Hooper, Ella See Killing Heidi

Hoffman, Sean See American Music Club

Holmes, Brendan See Young Dubliners

Hooper, Jesse See Killing Heidi

Hines, Gary See Sounds of Blackness

Hoffs, Susanna See Bangles, The

Holmes, D. See Dub Trio

Hinojos, Paul See At The Drive-In

Hofmann, Holly 41

Holmes, David 31

Hooper, Nellee See Massive Attack Also see Soul II Soul

Hogan, Mike See Cranberries, The

Holmes, Malcolm See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark

Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Hoerner, Dan See Sunny Day Real Estate Hofeldt, Brian See Derailers, The Hoffman, Ellen See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Hoffman, Erika See His Name Is Alive Hoffman, Guy See BoDeans, The Also see Violent Femmes Hoffman, Kristian See Congo Norvell Hoffman, Sam See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Hinton, Milt 33

Hogan, Noel See Cranberries, The

Hirsh, Chicken

Hoke, Jim

See NRBQ Holbrook, Ezra See Decemberists, The Holder, Gene See dB’s, The Also see Yo La Tengo Holder, Noddy See Slade Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Annie See Elastica Holland, Brian See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Bryan “Dexter” See Offspring Holland, Bryan See Offspring Holland, Dave 27 Holland, Dave See Judas Priest Holland, Eddie See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Gary See Great White Holland, Jolie 55 Also see Be Good Tanyas Holland, Julian “Jools” See Squeeze Holland, Mark See Jule Brown Holland, Steve See Molly Hatchet Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hollinger, Kyle See Crazy Town Hollingsworth, Kyle See String Cheese Incident, The Hollis, Mark See Talk Talk Hollister, Dave See Blackstreet Holloway, Brenda 45 Holly, Buddy 1 Holm, Georg See Sigur Rós Holmberg, Jonas See Komeda

Holmes, Sherman See Holmes Brothers, The

Hooper, Tom See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Tony See Ceili Rain Also see Strawbs

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Hoopes, Matt See Relient K Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Hoover, Jamie See Spongetones, The Hope, Dave See Kansas Hope, Gavin See Nylons, The Hopkins, Doug See Gin Blossoms Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 Hopkins, Nicky See Quicksilver Messenger Service Hopkinson, Rusty See You Am I Hopper, Hugh See Soft Machine Hoppus, Mark See Blink 182 Hopwood, Keith See Herman’s Hermits Horan, Winifred See Cherish the Ladies Also see Solas Hordemann, Wolfgang See Los Lonely Boys Hori, Saki See 5,6,7,8’s, The Horn, Mark See Derailers, The Horn, Shirley 7 Horn, Trevor 33 Also see Yes Horne, Ken See Bronx, The Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horner, James 38 Horner, Jessica See Less Than Jake Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Hornsby, Vince See Sevendust Horovitz, Adam “King Ad-Rock” See Beastie Boys Horowitz, Vladimir 1

Cumulative Musicians Index • 285

Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Hot Hot Heat 55 Hotchkiss, Rob See Train Houari, Rachid See Gong Hough, Stephen 40 House, Kenwyn See Reef House, Simon See Hawkwind House, Son 11 House of Pain 14 Houser, Michael See Widespread Panic Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Jarell “J-Boog” See B2K Houston, Penelope 28 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Howard, Dan See Cinematic Orchestra Howard, Dominic See Muse Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Miki 38 Howard, Phil See Soft Machine Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Howard, Zeke See Love as Laughter Howe, Brian See Bad Company Howe, Liam See Sneaker Pimps Howe, Steve See Asia Howe, Steve See Yes Howell, Ian See Chanticleer Howell, Porter See Little Texas Hower, Dave See Nields, The Howerdel, Billy See Perfect Circle, A Howie, Jr., John See Two Dollar Pistols Howland, Don 24 Howlett, Liam See Prodigy Howlett, Mike See Gong Howlin’ Wolf 6

See Sawyer Brown Hubbard, Preston See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Huber, Connie See Chenille Sisters, The Hubrey, Georgia See Yo La Tengo Hudgens, Vanessa 65 Hudson, Bill See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Brett See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, C. See Blue October Hudson, Cary See Blue Mountain Hudson, Earl See Bad Brains Hudson, Garth See Band, The Hudson, Ian See Gene Loves Jezebel Hudson, James “Pookie” See Spaniels, The Hudson, Jeremie See Imperials, The Hudson, Mark See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Richard See Strawbs Hudson Brothers, The 56 Huettig, Mike See Days of the New Huey See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Huff, Mary See Southern Culture on the Skids Huffman, Aaron See Harvey Danger Huffman, Chris See ?Casting Crowns Huffman, Doug See Boston Huffman, Joey See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’

Hugo, Chad See Neptunes, The Huidobro, Micky See Molotov Huld, Hafdis See Gus Gus Human League, The 17 Humble Pie 40 Humes, Helen 19 Hummel, Andy See Big Star Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Humphreys, Paul See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Hunnekink, Bermard See Willem Breuker Kollektief Hunt, Daniel See Ladytron Hunt, Darryl See Pogues, The Hunt, Tommy See Flamingos, The Hunter See AFI Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hunter, George See Charlatans, The Hunter, Ian 57 Also see Mott the Hoople Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Hunter, James 65 Hunter, Jason “The Rebel INS” (Inspectah Deckk) See Wu-Tang Clan Hunter, Joe See Funk Brothers Hunter, Karl See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Hunter, Mark See James

Huggett, Monica 50

Hurley, George See fIREHOSE Also see Minutemen, The

Hughes, Glenn See Black Sabbath

Hurt, Mississippi John 24

Horton, Walter 19

H.R. See Bad Brains

Hughes, Glenn See Village People, The

Hussey, Wayne See Dead or Alive

Horvitz, Wayne 42

Hüsker Dü 45

Hosler, Mark See Negativland

Hub See Roots, The

Hughes, Leon See Coasters, The

Husted, Andy See MxPx

Hossack, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The

Hubbard, Bob See Jordanaires, The

Hughes, Richard See Keane

Hutchence, Michael See INXS

Hot Chip 64

Hubbard, Gregg “Hobie”

Hugo, Chad See N.E.R.D.

Hutchings, Ashley See Fairport Convention

Horse See Indigenous Horton, Billy See Hot Club of Cowtown Horton, Jeff See Northern Lights Horton, Jerry See Papa Roach

Huggins, Ben See Galactic Cowboys Huggins, Jamie See Of Montreal Hughes, Bruce See Cracker Also see Poi Dog Pondering

Hunter, Shepherd “Ben” See Soundgarden Hurding, B.P. See X-Ray Spex Hurley, Andy See Fall Out Boy

Hurley, Michael 58 Hurley, Sean See Vertical Horizon Hurst, Ron See Steppenwolf Hussain, Zakir 32

286 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Also see Steeleye Span Hutchinson, Trevor See Waterboys, The Huth, Todd See Primus Hütter, Ralf See Kraftwerk Hutter, Ralf See James Gang Hutton, Danny See Three Dog Night Hutz, Eugene See Gogol Bordello Huun-Huur-Tu 58 Huxley, Rick See Dave Clark Five, The Hyatt, Aitch See Specials, The Hyde, Karl See Underworld Hyde, Michael See Big Mountain Hyman, Dick 39 Hyman, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Hyman, Phyllis 49 Hyman, Rob See Hooters Hynd, Richard See Texas Hynde, Chrissie See Pretenders, The Hyslop, Kenny See Simple Minds Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ian, Scott See Anthrax Ian and Sylvia 18 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibbotson, Jimmy See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Ibold, Mark See Pavement Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A Ice-T 7 Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway Ida 44 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iero, Frank See My Chemical Romance Ieuan, Dafydd “Daf” See Catatonia Also see Super Furry Animals If, Owen See Stereo MC’s

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Les Savy Fav Jabs, Matthias See Scorpions, The Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Al See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jackson, Chuck See Del Vikings, The Jackson, Clive See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Jackson, David See Van der Graaf Generator Jackson, Eddie See Queensryche Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Jackie See Jacksons, The Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Jermaine See Jacksons, The Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Karen See Supremes, The Jackson, Mahalia 8 Jackson, Marlon See Jacksons, The Jackson, Martin See Swing Out Sister Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jackson, Pervis See Spinners, The Jackson, Quentin See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Jackson, Randy 64 Jackson, Randy See Jacksons, The Jackson, Ronald Shannon See Music Revelation Ensemble

Innocence Mission, The 46

Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Iommi, Tony See Black Sabbath Iovine, Jimmy 46 Irish Tenors, The 36 Irmler, Hans-Joachim See Faust Iron Maiden 10 Irons, Jack See Pearl Jam Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Irvin, Nathaniel See Fairfield Four Irving, Kevin See Club Nouveau Irwin, Pat See B-52’s, The Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isabelle, Jeff See Guns n’ Roses Isacsson, Jonas See Roxette Isbell, Jason See Drive-By Truckers Isbin, Sharon 33 Isham, Mark 14 Isles, Bill See O’Jays, The Isley, Ernie See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Marvin See Isley Brothers, The Isley, O’Kelly, Jr. See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Ronald See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Rudolph See Isley Brothers, The Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Israel Vibration 21 Ithier, Rafael See El Gran Combo Ivers, Eileen 30 Also see Cherish the Ladies Iverson, Ethan See Bad Plus, The Ives, Burl 12 Ives, Charles 29 Ivey, Michael See Basehead Ivins, Michael See Flaming Lips Izambard, Sebastien See Il Divo

Insane Clown Posse 22

J.

Jackson, Wanda 42

See Perfect Circle, A Also see Smashing Pumpkins IIIrd Tyme Out 40 Il Divo 61 Illsley, John See Dire Straits Image, Joey See Misfits, The Imbruglia, Natalie 27 Immaculate Machine 62 Immerglück, David See Counting Crows Immergluck, David See Monks of Doom Immerwahr, Steve See Ida Imperial Teen 26 Imperials, The 43 Impressions, The 36 Incognito 16 Incredible String Band 23 Incubus 23 India.Arie 41 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Inez, Mike See Alice in Chains Infante, Frank See Blondie Ingber, Elliot “Winged Eel Fingerling” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Inge, Edward See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ingebrigtsen, Christian See A1 Ingelevics, Jesse See Alexisonfire Ingraham, David See Young Dubliners Ingram, Bobby See Molly Hatchet Ingram, Jack 58 Ingram, Jack See Incredible String Band Ingram, James 11 Ink Spots 23 Inner Circle 15 Innes, Andrew See Primal Scream Innes, Neil See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Innis, Dave See Restless Heart

Interior, Lux See Cramps, The

See White Zombie

Jackson, Stevie See Belle and Sebastian Jackson, Tito See Jacksons, The Jackson, Tony See Searchers, The Jackson, Willie See Spaniels, The

Iglauer, Bruce 37

(International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60

J, David See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets

Iglesias, Enrique 27

Interpol 52

J. Geils Band 25

Jacksons, The 7

Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Intveldt, James See Blasters, The

Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36

Jackyl 24

Iha, James

INXS 59

Jabour, Seth

Jackson 5, The See Jacksons, The

Jacobs, Alan See Fugs, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Jacobs, Christian Richard See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Jeff See Foreigner Jacobs, Kate 51 Jacobs, Nick See Blue Aeroplanes, The Jacobs, Parker See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Walter See Little Walter Jacox, Martin See Soul Stirrers, The Jacquet, Illinois 53 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Jadakiss 51 Jade 4U See Lords of Acid Jaffee, Rami See Wallflowers, The Jagged Edge 36 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jago, Nick See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Jaheim 42 Jairo T. See Sepultura Jalal See Last Poets Jam, Jimmy See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Jam, The 27 Jam Master Jay See Run DMC Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Jamerson, James See Funk Brothers James 12 James, Alex See Blur James, Andrew “Bear” See Midnight Oil James, Boney 21 James, Brian See Damned, The James, Cheryl See Salt-N-Pepa James, David See Alien Sex Fiend Also see Spearhead James, Denise See His Name Is Alive James, Doug See Roomful of Blues James, Elmore 8

See My Morning Jacket James, John See Newsboys, The James, Joni 30 James, Onieda See Spearhead James, Richard See Aphex Twin James, Richard See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci James, Richey See Manic Street Preachers James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 James, Ruby See Aztec Camera James, Simon See Acoustic Alchemy James, Skip 24 James, Spencer See Searchers, The James, Sylvia See Aztec Camera James, Tommy See Tommy James and the Shondells James, Will See Papa Roach James Gang 56 Jamiroquai 21 Jamison, Le Le See Spearhead Jan & Dean 32 Jane’s Addiction 6 Janis, Tim 46 Janney, Eli See Girls Against Boys Janovitz, Bill See Buffalo Tom Jansch, Bert See Pentangle Jara, Victor 59 Jardine, Al See Beach Boys, The

James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20

James, Gregg See D.O.A.

Jason & the Scorchers 45

James, Harry 11

Jarman, Joseph See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Jarobi See Tribe Called Quest, A Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jarrett, Hugh See Jordanaires, The Jarrett, Irwin See Third World Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Jasper, Chris See Isley Brothers, The

James, Jesse See Jackyl

Jawbox 31

James, Jim

Jaworski, Al

Jawbreaker 46

Cumulative Musicians Index • 287

See Jesus Jones Jay, Miles See Village People, The Jay Dee See Slum Village Jaye, Sam See Love as Laughter Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jayne, Mitch See Dillards, The Jayne, Sam See Love as Laughter Jayson, Mackie See Bad Brains Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jazdzewski, Joe See Paladins, The Jazz Butcher, The 30 Jazze Pha 58 Jazzie B See Soul II Soul JBJ See Crazy Town J.C. 2000 See Rocket from the Crypt Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Also see Fugees, The Jeannin, Frane˜ois See Paris Combo Jeanrenaud, Joan Dutcher See Kronos Quartet Jeczalik, Jonathan See Art of Noise Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jefferson Starship See Jefferson Airplane Jeffre, Justin See 98 Degrees Jeffries, Michael See Tower of Power Jellyfish 54 Jem 65 Jemmott, Gerald See Pearls Before Swine Jenifer, Darryl See Bad Brains Jenkin, Warren See Killing Heidi Jenkins, Barry See Animals, The Jenkins, Gary See Silk Jenkins, Johnny 60 Jenkins, Karl See Soft Machine Jenkins, Kevin See Black 47 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Jenkins, Pall See Black Heart Procession Jenkins, Stephan See Third Eye Blind

Jenkins, Tomi See Cameo Jennings, Greg See Restless Heart Jennings, Mason 59 Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jensen, Ken See D.O.A. Jerkins, Rodney 38 Jerneholm, Kale See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Jerry, Jah See Skatalites, The Jeru the Damaja 33 Jessee, Darren See Ben Folds Five Jessie, Young See Coasters, The Jesus Jones 23 Jesus Lizard 19 Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10 Jet 61 Jeter, Claude See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The Jethro Tull 8 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 “Jez” See Swervedriver Jimbo See Reverend Horton Heat Jimbob See Carter USM Jimenez, Flaco See Texas Tornados, The Jiménez, Jorge See Tijuana No! Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22 Jimmy Eat World 37 Jimmy G. See Switches Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37 Joannou, Chris See Musiq Joannou, Chris See Silverchair Jobe, Rivers See Savoy Brown Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Jobson, Eddie See Roxy Music Jobson, Edwin See Jethro Tull Jocque, Beau 51 Jocz, Steve “Stevo 32” See Sum 41 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52

288 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joel, Phil See Newsboys, The Johansen, David 7 Also see New York Dolls Johansen, David See New York Dolls, The Johansen, Kevin 48 Johanson, Jai Johanny See Allman Brothers, The Johansson, Glenn See Echobelly Johansson, Inge See (International Johansson, Lars-Olof See Cardigans John 5 See Marilyn Manson John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 John, Little Willie 25 John Spencer Blues Explosion 18 Johns, Daniel See Musiq Johns, Daniel See Silverchair Johnson, Aaron See Antibalas Johnson, Alphonso See Weather Report Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Billy See Moonglows, The Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Bob See Steeleye Span Johnson, Brian See AC/DC Johnson, Brian See O.C. Supertones, The Johnson, Brodie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, Calvin See Beat Happening Johnson, Corinthian “Kripp” See Del Vikings, The Johnson, Courtney See New Grass Revival, The Johnson, Danny See Steppenwolf Johnson, Daryl See Neville Brothers, The Johnson, David See Can Johnson, Donnie 48

Johnson, Gerry See Steel Pulse Johnson, Holly See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Jared See Samples Johnson, Jason See Paloalto Johnson, Jeff See Jason & the Scorchers Johnson, Jerry See Big Mountain Johnson, Johnnie 56 Johnson, Kraig See Golden Smog Johnson, Kraig See Jayhawks, The Johnson, Kurt See Flying Luttenbachers, The Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Louis See Swan Silvertones, The Johnson, Marc 58 Johnson, Matt See 54-40 Johnson, Matt See Chainsaw Kittens, The Johnson, Matt See The The Johnson, Mike See Dinosaur Jr. Johnson, Patricia See Sweet Honey in the Rock Johnson, Ralph See Earth, Wind and Fire Johnson, Robert 6 Johnson, Robert See KC and the Sunshine Band Johnson, Roy See Congos, The Johnson, Scott See Gin Blossoms Johnson, Shirley Childres See Sweet Honey in the Rock Johnson, Steve See Brainiac Johnson, Syleena 49 Johnson, Tamara “Taj” See SWV Johnson, Vince See Mediaeval Baebes Johnson, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet

Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Eric 19

Johnston, Aaron See Brazilian Girls

Johnson, Eric See Archers of Loaf

Johnston, Bruce See Beach Boys, The

Johnson, Ethyl See Swell

Johnston, Daniel 61

Johnson, Gene See Diamond Rio

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Johnston, Howie See Ventures, The Johnston, Max See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Johnston, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Johnston, Phillip 36 Johnston, Sonnie See Five Iron Frenzy Johnston, Tom See Doobie Brothers, The JoJo 61 JoJo See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Jolly, Bill See Butthole Surfers Jolly, Herman See Sunset Valley Jolson, Al 10 Jon B. 41 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Jonas, Joseph See Jonas Brothers Jonas, Kevin See Jonas Brothers Jonas, Nicholas See Jonas Brothers Jonas Brothers 63 Jones, Adam See Tool Jones, Andrew See Dr. Dog Jones, Anthony See Humble Pie Jones, Benny See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Brian See Rolling Stones, The Jones, Busta See Gang of Four Jones, Calvin “Fuzz” See Music Revelation Ensemble Jones, Claude See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Jones, Craig See Slipknot Jones, Daniel See Savage Garden Jones, Danko See Danko Jones Jones, Daron See 112 Jones, Darryl See Rolling Stones, The

Jones, Geoffrey See Sounds of Blackness Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Gordon See Silly Wizard Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Jab See Memphis Jug Band Jones, Jamie See All-4-One Jones, Jim See Pere Ubu Jones, John Paul See Led Zeppelin Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Kelly See Stereophonics Jones, Kendall See Fishbone Jones, Kenny See Faces, The Also see Who, The Jones, Kimberly See Lil’ Kim Jones, Marshall See Ohio Players Jones, Marti 51 Jones, Maxine See En Vogue Jones, Michael See Kronos Quartet Jones, Mick See Big Audio Dynamite Also see Clash, The Jones, Mick See Foreigner Jones, Mick See Tommy James and the Shondells Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Orville See Ink Spots Jones, Paul See Catatonia Also see Elastica Jones, Peter See Cosmic Psychos

Jones, Davy See Monkees, The

Jones, Robert “Kuumba” See Ohio Players

Jones, Denise See Point of Grace

Jones, Robin See Beta Band, The

Johnston, Doug See Loverboy

Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Elvin 9

Jones, Rod See Idlewild

Johnston, Freedy 20

Jones, Etta 37

Jones, Ronald

Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Randy See Village People, The Jones, Richard See Stereophonics Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Flaming Lips Jones, Russell “Ol’ Dirty Bastard” See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Also see Wu-Tang Clan Jones, Sandra “Puma” See Black Uhuru Jones, Simon See Verve, The Jones, Spike 5 Jones, Stacy See American Hi-Fi Also see Letters to Cleo Also see Veruca Salt Jones, Steve See Sex Pistols, The Jones, Teren See Del the Funky Homosapien Also see Gorillaz Jones, Terry See Point of Grace Jones, Thad 19 Jones, Tom 11 Jones, Tyler See Reel Big Fish Jones, Uriel See Funk Brothers Jones, Vincent See Grapes of Wrath, The Jones, Will “Dub” See Coasters, The Jonsson, Magnus See Gus Gus Joplin, Janis 3 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Cyril See Flamin’ Groovies Jordan, Dante “Chi” See Ruff Endz Jordan, Esteban 49 Jordan, Ken See Crystal Method, The Jordan, Lonnie See War Jordan, Louis 11 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Montell 26 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Jordanaires, The 44 Jordison, Joey See Slipknot Jorge, Seu 58 Jorgensen, Mikal See Wilco Jorgenson, John See Desert Rose Band, The Jos See Ex, The

See Compulsion Jourgensen, Al See Ministry Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Joy Electric 26 Joyce, Don See Negativland Joyce, Mike See Buzzcocks, The Also see Smiths, The Juanes 43 Juanita See Les Négresses Vertes Judas Priest 47 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Judd, Naomi See Judds, The Judd, Wynonna See Judds, The Also see Wynonna Judds, The 2 Judy, Eric See Modest Mouse Jugg, Roman See Damned, The Jughead, John See Screeching Weasel Juhlin, Dag See Poi Dog Pondering Juicy J See Three 6 Mafia Jukebox See Geto Boys, The Jule Brown 63 Jules, Gary 52 Juliana Theory, The 43 Juliano, Thomas See Seven Mary Three Julie Ruin See Hanna, Kathleen Julot See Les Négresses Vertes Jungle DJ “Towa” See Deee-lite Junior, Marvin See Dells, The Junoon 45 Junstrom, Larry “LJ” See .38 Special Jupp, Tim See Delirious? Jurado, Jeanette See Exposé Jurassic 5 42 Jurgensen, Jens See Boss Hog

Josefowicz, Leila 35

Justman, Seth See J. Geils Band

Joseph, Charles See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36

Joseph, Kirk See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Jym See Mr. T Experience, The

Joseph-I, Israel See Bad Brains

Kaas, Patricia 41

Josephmary

Kaasinen, Mari See Väarttinä

Cumulative Musicians Index • 289

Kaasinen, Sari See Väarttinä Kabongo, Sabine See Zap Mama Kaczor, Neil See Minty Kaczynski, Ray See Northwoods Improvisers Kahlil, Aisha See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kain, Gylan See Last Poets Kaine See Ying Yang Twins Kaiser, Glenn See Resurrection Band Kaiser, Henry See Golden Palominos Kaiser, Wendi See Resurrection Band Kakoulli, Harry See Squeeze Kale, Jim See Guess Who Kalima-Heine, Lehua See Na Leo Kalligan, Dick See Blood, Sweat and Tears Kalsi, Johnny See Afro Celt Sound System Kalthum, Umm 42 Kamanski, Paul See Beat Farmers Kaminski, Mik See Electric Light Orchestra Kamomiya, Ryo See Pizzicato Five Kamoze, Ini 47 Kanal, Tony See No Doubt Kanawa, Kiri Te See Te Kanawa, Kiri Kancheli, Giya 40 Kand, Valor See Christian Death Kander, John 33 Kane, Arthur See New York Dolls Kane, Big Daddy 7 Kane, Jr., Arthur See New York Dolls, The Kane, Keith See Vertical Horizon Kane, Kevin See Grapes of Wrath, The Kane, Nick See Mavericks, The Kang, Eyvind 28 Kang, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Kannberg, Scott See Pavement

See Spiral Starecase Kaplan, Ira See Yo La Tengo Kaplan, Lisa See eighth blackbird Kaplan, Oren See Gogol Bordello Kapranos, Alex See Franz Ferdinand Karajan, Herbert von See von Karajan, Herbert Karasony, Dave See Rippingtons Karate 57 Kardinal Offishall 61 Karen O See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Karges, Murphy See Sugar Ray Karlsson, Gunnar See Wannadies, The Karlsson, Lena See Komeda Karnats, Philip See Tripping Daisy Karoli, Michael See Can Karrer, Chris See Amon Duul II Kasica, Ben See Skillet Kasper, Michael See Ensemble Modern Kater, Peter 35 Kath, Terry See Chicago Kato, Nash See Urge Overkill Katrin See Ex, The Katrina and the Waves 48 Katunich, Alex See Incubus Katz, Mike See Battlefield Band, The Katz, Simon See Jamiroquai Katz, Steve See Blood, Sweat and Tears Kaukonen, Jorma See Jefferson Airplane Kaulitz, Bill See Tokio Hotel Kaulitz, Tom See Tokio Hotel Kavanagh, Chris See Big Audio Dynamite Kavanaugh, Lydia See Golden Palominos Kay, Jason See Jamiroquai

Kansas 32

Kay, John See Steppenwolf

Kantner, Paul See Jefferson Airplane

Kay Gee See Naughty by Nature

Kaplan, Harvey

Kaye, Carol 22

290 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Kaye, Tony See Yes Kaylan, Howard See Turtles, The KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Ci See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kean, Martin See Stereolab Keane 62 Keane, Sean See Chieftains, The Kearney, Pete See Fugs, The Kearns, Anthony See Irish Tenors, The Kearns, Robert See Bottle Rockets Keating, Ronan See Boyzone Kee, John P. 15 Keefe, Dylan See Marcy Playground Keeler, Patrick See Raconteurs, The Keelor, Greg See Blue Rodeo Keely, Conrad See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Keenan, Maynard James See Perfect Circle, A Also see Tool Keene, Barry See Spirit Keene, Tommy 31 Keifer, Tom See Cinderella Keitaro See Pizzicato Five Keith, Bubba See James Gang Keith, Jeff See Tesla

See McCoys, The Kelly, Ed See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kelly, Hugh See Wedding Present, The Kelly, Jeff 31 Kelly, Johnny See Type O Negative Kelly, Junior 49 Kelly, Kevin See Byrds, The Kelly, Mark See Altan Kelly, Matt See Dropkick Murphys Kelly, Paul 40 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Kelly, Rashaan See US3 Kelly, Scott See Neurosis Kelly, Sean See Samples Kelly, Sean See Sixpence None the Richer Kelly, Terrance See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kember, Pete See Spacemen 3 Kemp, Rick See Steeleye Span Kemp, Steve See Hard-Fi Kendall, Mark See Great White Kendrick, David See Devo

Keith, Mike See 112

Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Kennedy, William See Yellowjackets

Keith, Trever See Face to Face Keithley, Joey “Sh**head” See D.O.A. Kelis 48 Kelley, Josh 64 Kelly, Betty See Martha and the Vandellas Kelly, Charlotte See Soul II Soul Kelly, Dennis

Kendricks, Eddie See Temptations, The Kennedy, David See Angels & Airwaves Kennedy, Delious See All-4-One Kennedy, Frankie See Altan Kennedy, Myles See Alter Bridge

Kenner, Doris See Shirelles, The Kenner, Roy See James Gang Kennerty, Mike See All-American Rejects, The Kenny, Bill See Ink Spots Kenny, Clare See Aztec Camera Kenny, Herb See Ink Spots

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Kenny G 14 Also see Rippingtons Kent, Andy See You Am I Kent, Julia See Rasputina Kent, Stacey 28 Kenton, Stan 21 Kentucky Headhunters, The 5 Kerman, Elliott See Rockapella Kern, Jerome 13 Kerr, Don See Rheostatics Kerr, Jim See Simple Minds Kerr, Scott See Five Iron Frenzy Kerr, Stuart See Texas Kershaw, Sammy 15 Kessel, Barney 47 Kessel, Kenny See Loud Family, The Kessler, Daniel See Interpol Ketchum, Hal 14 Keuning, David See Killers, The Key, Cevin See Skinny Puppy Key, Ryan See Yellowcard Keys, Alicia 46 Keyser, Alex See Echobelly Khaled 33 Khalsa, Giti See Seven Mary Three Khan, Ali Akbar 34 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13 Khan, Praga See Lords of Acid Khovalyg , Kaigal-ool See Huun-Huur-Tu Kibble, Joey See Take 6 Kibble, Mark See Take 6 Kibby, Walter See Fishbone Kick, Johnny See Madder Rose Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kidman, Whil See Constantines, The Kidney, Robert See Golden Palominos Kid606 36

Kiedis, Anthony See Red Hot Chili Peppers Kiftmeyer See Green Day Kihlstedt, Carla See Tin Hat Trio Kilbey, Steve See Cameo Kilbey, Steve See Church, The Kilbourn, Duncan See Psychedelic Furs Kilgallon, Eddie See Ricochet Kilgore 24 Kilkenny, Giorgio See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Killers, The 61 Killian, Tim See Kronos Quartet Killing Heidi 62 Killing Joke 30 Kills, The 64 Kimball, Jennifer See Story, The Kimball, Jim See Jesus Lizard Kimble, Paul See Grant Lee Buffalo Kimbrough, Junior 41 Kinard, Tulani Jordan See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kincaid, Jan See Brand New Heavies, The Kinchen, Ricky See Mint Condition Kinchla, Chan See Blues Traveler Kinde, Geoff See Atomic Fireballs, The King, Albert 2 King, Andy See Hooters King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 Also see Drifters, The King, Bob See Soul Stirrers, The King, Carole 6 Also see Goffin-King King, Chris Thomas 43 King, David See Bad Plus, The King, Earl 44 King, Ed See Lynyrd Skynyrd King, Freddy 17 King, Jay See Club Nouveau King, John See Dust Brothers King, Jon See Gang of Four King, Kaki 55 King, Kerry

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Slayer King, Mark See Hinder King, Pee Wee 30 King, Philip See Lush King, Simon See Hawkwind King, Stove See Mansun King, William Jr. See Commodores, The King Ad-Rock See Horovitz, Adam King Crimson 17 King Missile 22 King Tubby 51 Kingins, Duke See Atomic Fireballs, The Kings of Convenience 51 Kings of Leon 54 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kingsmen, The 34 Kingsmill, Mark See Hoodoo Gurus Kingston Trio, The 9 Kininger, Sam See Soulive Kinks, The 15 Kinley, Heather See Kinleys, The Kinley, Jennifer See Kinleys, The Kinleys, The 32 Kinney, Kevn See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Kinney, Sean See Alice in Chains Kippenberger, Karl See Shihad Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Kircher, Pete See Status Quo Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Kirk, Richard H. See Cabaret Voltaire

Cumulative Musicians Index • 291

See New Kids on the Block Knight, Larry See Spirit Knight, Peter See Steeleye Span Knight, Phil See Shihad Knight, Ross See Cosmic Psychos Knight, Steve See Mountain Knight, Suge 15 Knight, Susan See Ensemble Modern Knighton, Willie “Khujo” See Goodie Mob Knop, Rob See Harvey Danger Knopfler, David See Dire Straits Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Know, Dr. See Bad Brains Knowledge See Digable Planets Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Also see Destiny’s Child Knowles, Liz See Cherish the Ladies Knox, Jon See Adam Again Knox, Nick See Cramps, The Knox, Richard See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Knudsen, Keith See Doobie Brothers, The Knutson, Erik See Flotsam and Jetsam Koala, Kid See Gorillaz Kochanski, Dave See Rippingtons Koffman, Moe 34 Koite, Moutaga See Orchestra Baobab Koite, Thierno See Orchestra Baobab Koller, Lou See Sick of It All Koller, Peter See Sick of It All Koltnow, Eric See Aloha Komeda 52

Konto, Skip See Three Dog Night Kontos, Chris See Machine Head Kooijman, Marjolein See Gathering, The Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Kool Moe Dee 9 Kool & the Gang 58 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kooper, Al See Blood, Sweat and Tears Koopsta Knicca See Three 6 Mafia Kootch, Danny See Fugs, The Koppelman, Charles 14 Koppes, Peter See Cameo Koppes, Peter See Church, The Korn 20 Korner, Alexis 51 Kosker, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Kossoff, Paul See Free Koster, Bo See My Morning Jacket Koster, Julian See Neutral Milk Hotel Kotche, Glenn See Wilco Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kotzen, Richie See Mr. Big Kotzen, Richie See Poison Koutsos, Anthony See Red House Painters Kouyate, N’Faly See Afro Celt Sound System Kowalczyk, Ed See Live Kowald, Peter 32 Koz, Dave 20 Also see Rippingtons Kozelek, Mark See Red House Painters Kozlowski, Luke See Immaculate Machine Kraftwerk 9 Krakauer, David See Klezmatics, The

Kon Artis See D12

Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Knife, The 61

Konietzko, Sascha See KMFDM

Kramer, Amanda See Golden Palominos

Kirkpatrick, Chris See ’N Sync

Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Konikoff, Eli See Spyro Gyra

Kramer, Joey See Aerosmith

Kirkpatrick, Sean See Swell

Knight, Jon See New Kids on the Block

Konishi, Yasuharu See Pizzicato Five

Kramer, Mack See Fugs, The

Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50

Knight, Jordan

Konitz, Lee 30

Kramer, Wayne

Kirkby, Emma 35 Kirke, Simon See Bad Company Also see Free Kirkendall, Terry See Derailers, The Kirkland, Mike See Prong Kirkland, Scott See Crystal Method, The Kirkman, Terry See Association, The

Kirkwood, Cris See Meat Puppets, The Kirkwood, Curt See Meat Puppets, The Kirtley, Peter See Pentangle Kirwan, Danny See Fleetwood Mac Kirwan, Larry See Black 47 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kisser, Andreas See Sepultura Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kitchener, Lord 29 Kitsos, Nick See BoDeans Kitt, Eartha 9 Kjartansson, Siggi See Gus Gus Kleiman, Jon See Monster Magnet Klein, Danny See J. Geils Band Klein, Ellery See Gaelic Storm Klein, Jon See Siouxsie and the Banshees Klein, Mark See Cobra Verde Klein, Steve See New Found Glory Klein, Trish See Be Good Tanyas Klein, Trish See Po’ Girl Kleinow, “Sneaky” Pete See Flying Burrito Brothers Klett, Peter See Candlebox Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18 KLF, The 52 Klopfenstein, Scott See Reel Big Fish Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Kmatsu, Bravo See Pizzicato Five KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knaup, Renate See Amon Duul II Knechtel, Larry See Bread

292 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See MC5, The Krasno, Eric See Soulive Krasnow, Bob 15 Krause, Bernie See Weavers, The Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Krauss, Scott See Pere Ubu Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Krawits, Michael See Pearls Before Swine Krayzie Bone 63 Krayzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Krazy Drayz See Das EFX Krebs, Pete 43 Kreisberg, Jennifer Elizabeth See Ulali Kreisel, Greg See Offspring Kremer, Gidon 30 Kresge, Geoff See AFI Kretz, Eric See Stone Temple Pilots Kretzschmar, Hermann See Ensemble Modern Kreutzman, Bill See Grateful Dead, The Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Krieger, Robert See Doors, The Kriesel, Greg “Greg K.” See Offspring Kris Kross 11 Kriss, Tom See James Gang Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Krizan, Anthony See Spin Doctors Kroeger, Chad See Nickelback Kroeger, Mike See Nickelback Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kropp, Mike See Northern Lights KRS-One 8

Kuba See D.O.A. Kubiszewski, Andrew See Stabbing Westward Kubler, Tad See Hold Steady, The Kuebler, Roman See Spoon Kuehn, William See Rainer Maria Kuepper, Ed See Saints, The Kula Shaker 47 Kulak, Eddie See Aztec Camera Kulick, Bruce See Kiss Kumbia Kings 52 Kuniva See D12 Kunkel, Bruce See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Kunzel, Erich 17 Kupferberg, Tuli See Fugs, The Kupka, Stephen “Doc” See Tower of Power Kurdziel, Eddie See Redd Kross Kurihara, Michio See Ghost Kurosky, Miles See Beulah Kurtág, György 54 Kurth, Rob See Face to Face Kurupt 35 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 Kuular, Anatoli See Huun-Huur-Tu Kuvezin, Albert See Huun-Huur-Tu Kweli, Talib 43 Kweller, Ben 57 Kyrkjebø, Sissel See Sissel La Bottine Souriante 50 La Bouche 38 La India 35 La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 LaBar, Jeff See Cinderella LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Krukowski, Damon See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500

LaBour, Frederick “Too Slim” See Riders in the Sky

Krummenacher, Victor See Monks of Doom

Laboy, Mitchell See El Gran Combo

Krupa, Gene 13

LaBrie, James See Dream Theater

Krusen, Dave See Pearl Jam

Labrum, Jerry See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Kruspe, Richard See Rammstein

LaBruyere, David See Vigilantes of Love

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Lacey, Ryan See Gaelic Storm Lachey, Drew See 98 Degrees Lachey, Nick See 98 Degrees Lack, Steve See Veruca Salt LaCroix, Dimples See Lane, Fred Lacy, Steve 23 Lady Miss Kier See Deee-lite Lady Saw 41 Lady Sovereign 61 Ladybug See Digable Planets Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ladytron 65 Lafalce, Mark See Mekons, The LaFollette, Steve See Beulah Lagerborg, Chris See Down By Law Lagerburg, Bengt See Cardigans, The Lahiri, Bappi 42 Laika 47 Laine, Cleo 10 Laine, Denny See Moody Blues, The Laing, Corky See Mountain Laird, Rick See Mahavishnu Orchestra Lake, Greg See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see King Crimson Lake, Oliver See World Saxophone Quartet LaKind, Bobby See Doobie Brothers, The Laliberté, Guy 51 Lally, Joe See Fugazi LaLonde, Larry “Ler” See Primus Lamb 38 Lamb, Barbara 19 Lamb, Michael See Confederate Railroad

See Constantines, The Lamble, Martin See Fairport Convention Lamm, Robert See Chicago Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lampkin, Troy See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Lancaster, Alan See Status Quo Lancaster, Brian See Surfin’ Pluto Lance, Major 58 Landers, Paul See Rammstein Landreth, Sonny 16 Lane, Brian See Slobberbone Lane, Cristy 51 Lane, David See You Am I Lane, Fred 28 Lane, Jani See Warrant Lane, Jay See Primus Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lane, Shawn See Blue Highway Lanegan, Mark 57 Also see Screaming Trees Lang, Damian See His Name Is Alive Lang, Eddie 60 Lang, Jonny 27 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Langan, Gary See Art of Noise Langdon, Antony See Spacehog Langdon, Royston See Spacehog Lange, Mutt 47 Langford, Jon 59 Langford, Jon See Mekons, The Langford, Neal See Shins, The

Lambchop 29

Langford, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet

Lambert, Ben See Carter USM

Langley, Gerard See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Lambert, Dave See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Also see Strawbs

Langley, John See Blue Aeroplanes, The Also see Mekons, The

Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lambert, Miranda 62 Lambert, Yves See La Bottine Souriante Lambke, Steve

Langlois, Paul See Tragically Hip, The Langosch, Paul See Ralph Sharon Quartet Langston, Leslie See Throwing Muses

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Langton, Huw Lloyd See Hawkwind Lanham, Jim See Pure Prairie League Lanier, Allen See Blue Oyster Cult Lanker, Dustin See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Lanois, Daniel 8 Lanois, Jocelyne See Crash Vegas Lanternjack, The 31 Lantz, Mike See Front Range Lanz, David 42 Lapointe, Jocelyn See La Bottine Souriante Lappalainen, Janne See Väarttinä Lappalainen, Markku See Hoobastank LaPread, Ronald See Commodores, The Lardie, Michael See Great White LaRizza, Archie See Saints, The Larkey, Charles See Fugs, The Larkin, Patty 9 Larkin, Tom See Shihad Larkins, Tom See Giant Sand Larsen, Marit See M2M Larson, Chad Albert See Aquabats, The Larson, Nathan See Shudder to Think LaRue, Florence See Fifth Dimension LaSalle, Denise 43 Lasar, Mars 39 Lash, Tony See Sunset Valley Lassiter, Richard See Ida Last Poets 21 Laswell, Bill 14 Also see Golden Palominos Lataille, Rich See Roomful of Blues Lateef, Yusef 16 Latham, Billy Ray See Dillards, The Latimer, Andrew See Camel Latter, Davey See Earlimart Lattimore, Kenny 51 Lauderdale, Jim 62 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Lauderdale, Thomas See Musiq Laughner, Peter

See Pere Ubu Laughren, Matt See Cold Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Laureano, Tony See Angel Corpse Laurence, Lynda See Supremes, The Lava, Larry See Lanternjack, The Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavery, Dan See Tonic LaVette, Bettye 58 Lavigne, Avril 50 Lavin, Christine 6 Lavis, Gilson See Squeeze Lavitz, T. See Dixie Dregs Lawler, Feargal See Cranberries, The Lawless, Greg See Adam Again Lawnge See Black Sheep Lawrence, Jack See Raconteurs, The Lawrence, John See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Lawrence, Tracy 11 Lawry, John See Petra Laws, Hubert 38 Laws, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Lawson, Doyle 55 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Lawson, Jerry See Persuasions, The Lawson, Ricky See Yellowjackets Layzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Lazzara, Adam See Taking Back Sunday LCD Soundsystem 64 Le Mystère des Voix Bulgares See Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The Le Tigre 55 Lea, Jim See Slade Leadbelly 6 Leader, Ted See Chainsaw Kittens, The Leadon, Bernie See Eagles, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Leaman, Toby See Dr. Dog

Cumulative Musicians Index • 293

Lear, Graham See REO Speedwagon Leary, Paul See Butthole Surfers Leary, Vinnie See Fugs, The Leatherman, Ronnie See 13th Floor Elevators Leavell, Chuck See Allman Brothers, The LeBlanc, Fred See Cowboy Mouth Le Bon, Simon See Duran Duran Leckenby, Derek “Lek” See Herman’s Hermits LeCompt, John See Evanescence Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ledbetter, Huddie See Leadbelly LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Alex See Blue Aeroplanes, The Lee, Alvin 59 Lee, Alvin See Ten Years After Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Amy See Evanescence Lee, Arthur See Love Lee, Barbara See Chiffons, The Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Beverly See Shirelles, The Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, Buddy See Less Than Jake Lee, Buddy See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Lee, CoCo 36 Lee, Garret See Compulsion Lee, Geddy See Rush Lee, Hunter See Ceili Rain Lee, Jon See S Club 7 Lee, Mark See Third Day Lee, Peggy 8 Lee, Pete See Gwar Lee, Ric See Ten Years After

See B-52’s, The Lee, Sara See Gang of Four Lee, Stan See Incredible String Band Lee, Tommy See Mötley Crüe Lee, Tony See Treadmill Trackstar Leeb, Bill See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Leen, Bill See Gin Blossoms Leese, Howard See Heart Leeway, Joe See Thompson Twins Lefebvre, Sebastien See Simple Plan Leftfield 29 Leftnant, Nathan See Cameo Legend, Eddie See 5,6,7,8’s, The Legend, Johnny 58 Legend, John 61 Legg, Adrian 17 Legowitz, Herr See Gus Gus Legrand, Victoria See Beach House Leherer, Keith “Lucky” See Circle Jerks Lehrer, Tom 7 Leiber, Jerry See Leiber and Stoller Leiber and Stoller 14 Leigh, Danni 39 Leithauser, Hamilton See Walkmen, The LeMaistre, Malcolm See Incredible String Band Lemeshev, Yuri See Gogol Bordello Lemieux, Kelly See Goldfinger Lemmy See Hawkwind Also see Motörhead Lemonheads, The 12 LeMoyne, Cedric See Remy Zero Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lenchantin, Paz See Perfect Circle, A Lenear, Kevin See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Lener, Anthony See Jule Brown

Lee, Rita 37

Lengyel, Theobald Brooks See Mr. Bungle

Lee, Robbie See Love as Laughter

Lenners, Rudy See Scorpions, The

Lee, Sara

Lennevald, Dhani

294 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See A*Teens Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Le Noble, Martyn See Porno for Pyros Lenz, Frank See Starflyer 59 Lenz, Paul See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Leo, Ted 43 Leonard, Geno See Filter Leonard, Glenn See Temptations, The Leonard, Scott See Rockapella Leonhardt, David See Seventy Sevens, The Leopold, Peter See Amon Duul II Lepistö, Markku See Väarttinä Lepisto, Veikko See Royal Crown Revue Lerche, Sondre 50 Lerchey, Dave See Del Vikings, The Lerner, Alan Jay See Lerner and Loewe Lerner and Loewe 13 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Nubians 45 Les Savy Fav 54 Lesh, Phil See Grateful Dead, The Leskanich, Katrina See Katrina and the Waves Leskiw, Greg See Guess Who Leslie, Chris See Fairport Convention Less Than Jake 22 Lessard, Stefan See Dave Matthews Band Lester, Bobby See Moonglows, The Lester, Jimmy See Los Straitjackets Letley, Matthew See Status Quo Lettermen, The 30 Letters to Cleo 22

See Caravan Levi, Marvin See Jule Brown Levin, Danny See Asleep at the Wheel Levin, Tony See King Crimson Levine, Adam See Maroon 5 Levine, James 8 Levinshefski, Drake See Paul Revere & The Raiders LeVox, Gary See Rascal Flatts Levy, Alison Faith See Loud Family, The Levy, Andrew See Brand New Heavies, The Levy, Barrington 45 Levy, Joshua See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Levy, Noah See Golden Smog Levy, Ron See Roomful of Blues Lewis, Aaron See Staind Lewis, Alex See Yellowcard Lewis, Andy See Boys Night Out Lewis, Crystal 38 Lewis, David See Paris Combo Lewis, Elliot See Average White Band Lewis, Furry 26 Lewis, Graham See Wire Lewis, Hambone See Memphis Jug Band Lewis, Heather See Beat Happening Lewis, Huey 9 Lewis, Ian See Inner Circle Lewis, Jenny See Rilo Kiley Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Kerri See Mint Condition Lewis, Laurie 56 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Lewis, Marcia See Soul II Soul

Levene, Keith See Clash, The

Lewis, Michael See Quicksilver Messenger Service

Lever, Tim See Dead or Alive

Lewis, Mike See Yo La Tengo

Levert, Eddie See O’Jays, The

Lewis, Nigel See Los Lonely Boys

Levert, Gerald 35

Lewis, Otis See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The

Leverton, Jim

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Lewis, Peter See Moby Grape Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lewis, Roger See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Also see Inner Circle Lewis, Roy See Kronos Quartet Lewis, Rudy See Drifters, The Lewis, Samuel K. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Lewis, Shaznay T. See All Saints Lewis, Terry See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Lewis, Tim See Spiritualized Lewis, Willie See Fairfield Four Lhote, Morgan See Stereolab Liars 55 Libbea, Gene See Nashville Bluegrass Band Liberace 9 Liberty, Earl See Circle Jerks Libran, Tito See ESG Licht, David See Klezmatics, The Lichtenauer, Michael See Chanticleer Licitra, Salvatore 46 Lidell, Jamie 57 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Liebezeit, Jaki See Can Liesegang, Brian See Filter Lifehouse 41 Lifeson, Alex See Rush Ligertwood, Alex See Average White Band Ligeti, György 50 Lightbody, Gary See Snow Patrol Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Lightning Seeds 21 Ligon, Willie Joe See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Lil’ Bow Wow See Bow Wow Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30 Lil’ Mo 44

See Sharon, Lois & Bram Lilker, Dan See Anthrax Lilley, John See Hooters Lillywhite, Steve 13 Limeliters, The 40 Limp Bizkit 56 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lin, Jeff See Harvey Danger Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Lind, Zach See Jimmy Eat World Lindberg, Jim See Pennywise Lindberg, John See String Trio of New York Linde, Sam See Charlatans, The Lindemann, Till See Rammstein Lindes, Hal See Dire Straits Lindley, David 2 Lindner, Michael See Aqua Velvets Lindsay, Arto 53 Also see Golden Palominos Lindsay, Mark See Paul Revere & The Raiders Line, Lorie 34 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Linna, Miriam See Cramps, The Linnell, John See They Might Be Giants Lins, Ivan 58 Linton, Tom See Jimmy Eat World Lipple, T.J. See Aloha Lippok, Robert See To Rococo Rot Lippok, Ronald See To Rococo Rot Lipsius, Fred See Blood, Sweat and Tears Li Puma, Tommy 18 Liquid Soul 42 Lisa, Lisa 23 Lisher, Greg See Monks of Doom Lissack, Russell See Bloc Party Listing, Georg See Tokio Hotel

Lil Scrappy 62

Lit 27

Lil’ Wayne 59

Little, Booker 36

Liles, Brent See Social Distortion

Little, Keith See Country Gentlemen, The

Liles, Richard See 3 Doors Down

Little, Levi See Blackstreet

Lilienstein, Lois

Little Big Town 61

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Little Eva 48 Little Feat 4 Little Richard 1 Little Texas 14 Little Walter 14 Littleton, Daniel See Ida Littleton, Michael “Miggy” See Ida Littrell, Brian See Backstreet Boys Live 14 Livgren, Kerry See Kansas Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Livingston, Edwin See Los Hombres Calientes Livingstone, Dandy 52 Lizárraga, Alfonso See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga, Cruz See Banda el Recodo Lizarraga, Germán See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga , Joel See Banda el Recodo L.L. Cool J 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Llanas, Sam See BoDeans Lloyd 65 Lloyd, Bill 62 Lloyd, Charles 22 Lloyd, Geoff See Matthew Good Band Lloyd, Mick See Felt Lloyd, Richard See Television Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Lo Fidelity All Stars 27 Locke, John See Spirit Lockett, Mark See Normals, The Lockhart, Keith 36 Locking, Brian See Shadows, The Lockley, Jayne See Wedding Present, The Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Locorriere, Dennis See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Lodge, John See Moody Blues, The Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Loeffler, Joe See Chevelle Loeffler, Pete See Chevelle

Loewe, Frederick See Lerner and Loewe Loewenstein, Jason See Sebadoh Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, George See Alexisonfire Logan, Jack 27 Logan, Melissa See Chicks on Speed Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Logic, Laura See X-Ray Spex Logren, Lassi See Väarttinä Lohan, Lindsay 60 Lohner, Danny See Nine Inch Nails Lombardo, Dave See Slayer Lombardo, Guy 60 Lonberg-Holm, Fred See Flying Luttenbachers, The London, Frank See Klezmatics, The London, Julie 32 Lonestar 27 Loney, Roy See Flamin’ Groovies Long, Donna See Cherish the Ladies Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Longley, Ty See Great White Longstreth, John See Angel Corpse Lonich, Yogi See Buckcherry Lopes, Andre See Bacilos Lopes, Dick See Spiral Starecase Lopes, Lisa “Left Eye” See TLC Lopez, Angel See Son by Four Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lopez, Luis Antonio See Banda el Recodo Lopez, Mando See Breeders Lopez, Tim See Plain White T’s Lorca, Daniel See Nada Surf Lord, Jon See Deep Purple Lord, Mary Lou 54

Loeffler, Sam See Chevelle

Lord Infamous See Three 6 Mafia

Loesser, Frank 19

Lords of Acid 20

Cumulative Musicians Index • 295

Lorenz, Flake See Rammstein Loria, Steve See Spirit Lorimer, Roddy See Spiritualized Also see Waterboys, The Lorson, Mary See Madder Rose Los Bukis 63 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Los Lonely Boys 61 Los Palominos 53 Los Reyes See Gipsy Kings, The Los Straitjackets 50 Lou Dog See Kottonmouth Kings Loud Family, The 31 Loughlin, Jim See moe. Loughnane, Lee See Chicago Louison, Steve See Massive Attack Louris, Gary See Golden Smog Louris, Gary See Jayhawks, The Louvin, Charlie See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin, Ira See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin Brothers, The 12 Lovano, Joe 13 Lovat-Fraser, Connor See Boys Night Out Love 34 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Darlene 46 Love, Gerry See Swizz Beatz Love, Gerry See Teenage Fanclub Love, Laura 20 Love, Mike See Beach Boys, The Love, Rollie See Beat Farmers Love, Willie See Fairfield Four Love and Rockets 15 Love as Laughter 65

Lovin’ Spoonful 37 Low 37 Lowe, Chris See Pet Shop Boys Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Lowe, Victoria See Tuxedomoon Lowell, Charlie See Jars of Clay Lowenstein, Evan See Evan and Jaron Lowenstein, Jaron See Evan and Jaron Lowery, Clint See Sevendust Lowery, David See Cracker Lowest of the Low 63 Lowry, Mark See Gaither Vocal Band Lozano, Conrad See Los Lobos L7 12 Luc See Ex, The Luca, Nick See Giant Sand Lucas, Gary See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Lucas, Jr., Harold See Clovers, The Lucas, Kirk See Northwoods Improvisers Lucas, Trevor See Fairport Convention Luccketta, Troy See Tesla Lucero 51 Lucero, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age

Love Spit Love 21

Ludacris 38

Loveless, Patty 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Ludo 64

Loverboy 46

Lugo, Frank See ? and the Mysterians

Lovering, David See Cracker Also see Pixies, The Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Lucia, Paco de See de Lucia, Paco Lucia, Peter See Tommy James and the Shondells Luciano 41 Luciano, Felipe See Last Poets Luck, Greg See IIIrd Tyme Out Luckett, LaToya See Destiny’s Child

Luening, Otto 37

Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Luke See Campbell, Luther Lukin, Matt

296 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Melvins Also see Mudhoney Lukkarinen, Jaakko See Väarttinä Lulu 32 Lumholdt, Sara See A*Teens Lumidee 62 Lumley, Dan See Screeching Weasel Lumumba-Kasongo, Disashi See Gym Class Heroes Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Lund, Sara See Unwound Lundberg, Ebbot See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Lunsford, Bret See Beat Happening Lupe Fiasco 64 Lupo, Pat See Beaver Brown Band, The LuPone, Patti 8 Lupton, Karen See Mediaeval Baebes Lupu, Radu 36 Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lush 13 Luster, Ahrue See Machine Head Luttell, Terry See REO Speedwagon Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lyfe 58 Lyfe, DJ See Incubus Lymon, Frankie See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Lynam, Ron See Front Range Lynch, David See Platters, The Lynch, Dermot See Dog’s Eye View Lynch, Edele See B*Witched Lynch, George See Dokken Lynch, Keavy See B*Witched Lynch, Laura See Dixie Chicks Lynch, Shane See Boyzone Lynch, Stan See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynch, Tim See Flamin’ Groovies

Lynch, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Lynes, Roy See Status Quo Lyngstad, Anni-Frid See Abba Lynn, Lonnie Rashid See Common Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynn, Vera 54 Lynn Morris Band 40 Lynne, Jeff 5 Also see Electric Light Orchestra Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lynott, Phil See Thin Lizzy Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 Lyons, Ken See .38 Special Lyons, Leanne “Lelee” See SWV Lyons, Leo See Ten Years After Lyons, Richard See Negativland Lytle, Jason See Grandaddy Lyxzén, Dennis See (International M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Ma, Yo-Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Maal, Baaba 37 Maazel, Lorin 46 Mabry, Bill See Asleep at the Wheel Maccaferri, Michael See eighth blackbird MacCaniess, Michael See Ceili Rain MacColl, Ewan 49 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacDermot, Galt 49 MacDonald, Barbara Kooyman See Timbuk 3 MacDonald, Eddie See Alarm MacDonald, Francis See Swizz Beatz MacDonald, Iain See Battlefield Band, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Machine Head Madlib 48 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Mae, Michelle See Make-Up, The Mael, Ron See Sparks Mael, Russell See Sparks Magehee, Marty See 4Him Magers, Brad See Bronx, The Maghostut, Malachi Favors See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Magical Strings 43 Maginnis, Tom See Buffalo Tom Magnetic Fields, The 28 Magnie, John See Subdudes, The Magoogan, Wesley See English Beat, The Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Maher, John See Buzzcocks, The Maher, Mark “Kram” See Spiderbait Mahogany, Kevin 26 Mahoney, Pat See Les Savy Fav Mahoney, Tim See 311 Maida, Raine See Our Lady Peace Maillard, Carol See Sweet Honey in the Rock

MacDonald, Pat See Timbuk 3

MacGregor, Joanna 41 MacGuire, Martie See Dixie Chicks Maché, Robert See Continental Drifters Machine Head 32 MacIntosh, Bradley See S Club 7 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 Mack, Gorden See Red House Painters Mack, Lonnie 37 Mack Daddy See Kris Kross Mackay, Andy See Roxy Music Mackay, Duncan See 10cc MacKaye, Ian See Fugazi Macken, Maureen Doherty See Cherish the Ladies Mackey, Steve See Polyphonic Spree, The Mackey, Steve See Pulp Mackin, Sean See Yellowcard MacLean, Bryan See Love MacLean, Dougie See Silly Wizard Macleod, Andy See Love as Laughter MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Kyle See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Lucy See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Michael See Simple Minds MacNeil, Rita 29 MacNeil, Sheumas See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Stewart See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Wade See Alexisonfire MacPherson, Jim See Breeders Macy, Robin See Dixie Chicks Madan, Sonya Aurora See Echobelly Madden, Benji See Good Charlotte Madden, Joanie See Cherish the Ladies

Makie, Joe See Workhorse Movement, The

MacDougall, Alex See Daniel Amos

Madden, Joel See Good Charlotte

Makino, Kazu See Blonde Redhead

Macfarlane, Lora See Sleater-Kinney

Madden, Mickey See Maroon 5

Malakian, Daron See System of a Down

MacGowan, Shane See Pogues, The

Madder Rose 17

Malcolm, Hugh See Skatalites, The

MacGregor, Doug See Constantines, The

Maddison, Guy See Mudhoney Mader, Logan

Maimone, Tony See Pere Ubu Maines, Natalie See Dixie Chicks Maïtra, Shyamal See Gong Majewski, Hank See Four Seasons, The Majidi, Armand See Sick of It All Makeba, Miriam 8 Makem, Tommy See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Make-Up, The 53

Malcolm, Joy See Incognito

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Musicians Index • 297

Maldonado, Taty See El Gran Combo Male, Johnny See Republica Malfitano, Catherine 45 Malherbe, Didier See Gong Malik B. See Roots, The Malin, Jesse See D Generation Malinowski, Jay See Bedouin Soundclash Malins, Mike See Goo Goo Dolls, The Malkmus, Stephen See Pavement Malley, Matt See Counting Crows Mallinder, Stephen See Cabaret Voltaire Mallonee, Bill See Vigilantes of Love Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malo, Raul 63 Malo, Raul See Mavericks, The Malone, Michelle 30 Malone, Russell 27 Malone, Tommy See Subdudes, The Malone, Tom See Blood, Sweat and Tears Malone, William See Fairfield Four Maloney, Pete See Dishwalla Also see Tonic Mamas and the Papas 21 Mami, Cheb 36 Man or Astroman? 21 Maná 37 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Harvey See Canned Heat Mandel, Johnny 28 Mandell, Eleni 63 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Maness, J. D. See Desert Rose Band, The Maness, Jack See Long Beach Dub All Stars Mangione, Chuck 23 Mangum, Jeff See Neutral Milk Hotel

Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mann, Bob See Mountain Mann, Herbie 16 Mannheim Steamroller See Chip Davis Manning, Chris See Jellyfish Manning, Roger See Jellyfish Manninger, Hank See Aqua Velvets Mannings, Leo See Savoy Brown Manny, Nate See Murder City Devils Manson, John See Swan Silvertones, The Manson, Marilyn See Marilyn Manson Manson, Shirley See Garbage Mansun 30 Manuel, Richard See Band, The Many, Trey See His Name Is Alive Manzanera, Phil See Roxy Music Manzarek, Ray See Doors, The Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marazzi, Paul See A1 Marc 7 See Jurassic 5 March, Kevin See Shudder to Think Marcy Playground 31 Marhevka, Glenn See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marie, Buffy Sainte See Sainte-Marie, Buffy Marienthal, Eric See Rippingtons Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Marin, Carlos See Il Divo Marin, Wendy See Christafari Marine, Mitch See Brave Combo Marine, Mitch See Tripping Daisy

Markovic, Marko See Boban Markovic Orkestar Marks, Toby See De Gaia, Banco Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Damian 39 Marley, Rita 10 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marnie, Helen See Ladytron Marnik, Matthew See Hot Hot Heat Maroon, Paul See Walkmen, The Maroon 5 54 Marquez, Carlos See Aterciopelados Marquis, Del See Scissor Sisters Marr, Johnny See Modest Mouse Marr, Johnny See Smiths, The Also see The The Marriner, Neville 7 Marriott, Steve See Humble Pie Mars, Chris See Golden Smog Mars, Chris See Replacements, The Mars, Derron See Less Than Jake Mars, Mick See Mötley Crüe Mars, Ruby See Rocket from the Crypt Mars, Thomas See Phoenix Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Jason See Los Hombres Calientes Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Marsh, Ian Craig See Human League, The Marsh, Randy See Northwoods Improvisers Marshal, Cornel See Third World Marshall, Amanda 27 Marshall, Arik See Red Hot Chili Peppers Marshall, Brian See Alter Bridge

See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Marshall, Jeremy See Cold Marshall, John See Soft Machine Marshall, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martensen, Vic See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martha and the Vandellas 25 Martin, Barbara See Supremes, The Martin, Bardi See Candlebox Martin, Barrett See Screaming Trees Martin, Billy See Good Charlotte Martin, Carl See Shai Martin, Christopher See Kid ’n Play Martin, Chris See Coldplay Martin, Dean 1 Martin, Dewey See Buffalo Springfield Martin, Eric See Mr. Big Martin, Eric See Supersuckers Martin, Felix See Hot Chip Martin, George 6 Martin, Greg See Kentucky Headhunters, The Martin, Janis 59 Martin, Jason See Starflyer 59 Martin, Jeff See Tea Party Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The Martin, Jim See Faith No More Martin, Johnney See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The

Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Marini, Lou, Jr. See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Marshall, Brian See Creed

Martin, Phonso See Steel Pulse

Manic Street Preachers 27

Marinos, Jimmy See Romantics, The

Marshall, Chan See Cat Power

Martin, Ricky 26

Mario 55

Marshall, David Alan See Chanticleer

Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mankey, Jim See Concrete Blonde

Marker, Steve See Garbage

Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Markovic, Boban See Boban Markovic Orkestar

Marshall, Jeff See Clem Snide Marshall, Jenell

Martin, Jordan See Great White Martin, Kevin See Candlebox Martin, Luci See Chic Martin, Mary 27

Martin, Ronnie See Joy Electric Martin, Sarah See Belle and Sebastian Martin, Sennie See Kool & the Gang

298 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Martin, Skip See Dazz Band Martin, Toby See Youth Group Martin, Tony See Black Sabbath Martinez, Angie 43 Martinez, Anthony See Black Flag Martinez, Christina See Boss Hog Martinez, Cliff See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martinez, Cruz See Kumbia Kings Martinez, Jose See Banda el Recodo Martinez, Robert See ? and the Mysterians Martinez, S. A. See 311 Martini, Jerry See Sly & the Family Stone Martino, Pat 17 Martsch, Doug See Built to Spill Martyn, John 43 Marvin, Hank B. See Shadows, The Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Mary Mary 39 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Mascherino, Fred See Taking Back Sunday Mascis, J See Dinosaur Jr. Masdea, Jim See Boston Mase 27 Masekela, Hugh 7 Maseo See De La Soul Masi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Mason, Bob See Fugs, The

Mason, Steve See Jars of Clay

Massi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Massive Attack 17 Mast, Evan See Ratatat Masta Ace 40 Mastelotto, Pat See King Crimson Master D See Asian Dub Foundation Master Gee See Sugarhill Gang Master P 22 Masur, Kurt 11 Matchbox 20 27 Material See Laswell, Bill Matheson, David See Moxy Früvous Mathias, Nathaniel “Jerry” See Toots and the Maytals Mathis, Johnny 2 Mathosa, Lebo 61 Mathus, Jim See Squirrel Nut Zippers Matisyahu 59 Matlock, Glen See Sex Pistols, The Matronic, Ana See Scissor Sisters Matsui, Keiko 35 Matsuzaki, Satomi See Deerhoof Mattacks, Dave See Fairport Convention Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Matterson, J. B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Matthew Good Band 34 Matthews, Cerys See Catatonia Matthews, Chris See Shudder to Think Matthews, Dave See Dave Matthews Band Matthews, Donna Lorraine See Elastica Matthews, Eric 22 Matthews, Ian See Fairport Convention Matthews, Monty See Jordanaires, The Matthews, Patrick See Vines, The Matthews, Patrick See Youth Group

Mason, Terry See Joy Division

Matthews, Quinn See Butthole Surfers

Mason, Willy 62

Matthews, Scott See Butthole Surfers

Mason, Dave See Fleetwood Mac Also see Traffic Mason, Nick See Pink Floyd Mason, Stephen See Beta Band, The

Masse, Laurel See Manhattan Transfer, The Massey, Bobby See O’Jays, The Massey, Graham See 808 State

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Jordanaires, The Matthews Jr., Neal See Jordanaires, The Mattila, Karita 48 Mattock, Jon See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Matz, Peter 43 Maunick, Bluey See Incognito Maurer, Gary See Hem Maurer, John See Social Distortion Mauriat, Paul 60 Mavericks, The 15 Maxi Jazz See Faithless Maxwell 22 Maxwell, Charmayne See Brownstone Maxwell, Russ See Molly Hatchet Maxwell, Tom See Squirrel Nut Zippers May, Brian See Nields, The May, Brian See Queen May, Derrick 51 May, Phil See Pretty Things, The Mayall, John 7 Mayer, John 46 Mayer, John 50 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Also see Impressions, The Mayfield, Irvin See Los Hombres Calientes Mayock, Emer See Afro Celt Sound System Mays, Odeen, Jr. See Kool & the Gang Mazelle, Kym See Soul II Soul Mazibuko, Abednego See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazibuko, Albert See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazur, Epic See Crazy Town Mazzalai, Christian See Phoenix Mazzola, Joey See Sponge Mazzy Star 17 Mboup, Assane See Orchestra Baobab

M.C. Hammer See Hammer, M.C. MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 M.C. Ren See N.W.A. MC Serch 10 MCA See Yauch, Adam McAdorey, Michelle See Crash Vegas McAlister, James See Pedro the Lion McAllister, Laurie See Runaways, The McAloon, Martin See Prefab Sprout McAloon, Paddy See Prefab Sprout McArthur, Keith See Spearhead McAuley, Mick See Solas McAuley, Robin See Survivor McBay, Clint See Chainsaw Kittens, The McBoutie, Rip See Lane, Fred McBrain, Nicko See Iron Maiden McBrayer, Jody See Avalon McBride, Christian 17 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14 McBride, Michael See Raspberries McCabe, Nick See Verve, The McCabe, Zia See Dandy Warhols McCain, Edwin 35 McCall, Renee See Sounds of Blackness McCall, Sam See Slobberbone McCall, Scott See Two Dollar Pistols McCandless, Paul See Oregon McCandless, Sam See Cold McCann, Lila 26 McCann, Séan See Great Big Sea

Mboup, Laye See Orchestra Baobab

McCarrick, Martin See Siouxsie and the Banshees

MC Breed 17

McCarroll, Tony See Oasis

McCarl, Scott See Raspberries

Matthews, Simon See Jesus Jones

MC Clever See Digital Underground

Matthews, Winston “Pipe” See Wailing Souls

MC Eiht 27

McCarthy, Gavin See Karate

MC Eric See Technotronic

McCarthy, Nick See Franz Ferdinand

Matthews Jr., Bill

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

McCarthy, Stephen See Jayhawks, The McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCarty, Jim See Yardbirds, The McCary, Michael S. See Boyz II Men McCaslin, Jason “Core” See Sum 41 McCaughan, Mac See Superchunk McCaughey, Scott 31 McCaughey, Scott See Minus 5, The McClain, Dave See Machine Head McClary, Thomas See Commodores, The McClelland, Mark See Snow Patrol McClennan, Tommy 25 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCloud, Scott See Girls Against Boys McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35 McCluskey, Andy See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark McColgan, Mike See Dropkick Murphys McCollum, Rick See Afghan Whigs McCombs, Doug See Tortoise McConnell, Jordan See Duhks, The McConnell, Page See Phish McCoo, Marilyn 62 McCoo, Marilyn See Fifth Dimension McCook, Jack See Superchunk McCook, Tommy See Skatalites, The McCorkle, George See Marshall Tucker Band

McCrary, Sam See Fairfield Four McCray, Lane See La Bouche McCrea, John See Cake McCready, Mike See Pearl Jam McCready, Mindy 22 McCreeth, Andy See Blue Aeroplanes, The McCullagh, John See Divine Comedy, The McCulloch, Andrew See King Crimson McCulloch, Ian 23 Also see Echo and the Bunnymen McCullough, Danny See Animals, The McCurdy, Xan See Cake McCusker, John See Battlefield Band, The McCutcheon, Ian See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive McD, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack McDaniel, Chris See Confederate Railroad McDaniels, Darryl “D” See Run DMC McDermott, Brian See Del Amitri McDermott, John See Irish Tenors, The McDonald, Audra 36 McDonald, “Country Joe” See Country Joe and the Fish McDonald, Gene See Florida Boys, The McDonald, Hugh See Bon Jovi McDonald, Ian See Foreigner Also see King Crimson McDonald, Jeff See Redd Kross McDonald, Lloyd “Bread” See Wailing Souls

McCorkle, Susannah 27

McDonald, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 299

McGuinn, Roger 35 Also see Byrds, The McGuinness See Lords of Acid McGuire, Andy See Spoon McGuire, Barry 45 McGuire, Christine See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Dorothy See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Mike See Shenandoah McGuire, Phyllis See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire Sisters, The 27 McIntosh, Robbie See Average White Band McIntosh, Robbie See Pretenders, The McIntyre, Jim See Apples in Stereo McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block McIntyre, Owen “Onnie” See Average White Band McJohn, Goldy See Steppenwolf McKagan, Duff See Guns n’ Roses McKahey, Liam See Cousteau McKay, Al See Earth, Wind and Fire McKay, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McKay, Nellie 61 McKean, Michael See Spinal Tap McKee, Julius See Dirty Dozen Brass Band McKee, Maria 11 McKeehan, Toby See dc Talk McKenna, Greg See Letters to Cleo McKenna, Lori 54 McKennitt, Loreena 24 McKenzie, Christina “Licorice” See Incredible String Band McKenzie, Derrick See Jamiroquai McKenzie, Scott See Mamas and the Papas McKeown, Erin 57 McKernan, Ron “Pigpen” See Grateful Dead, The McKinney, Andy See Molly Hatchet

McDonald, Richie See Lonestar

See BR5-49 McDuffie, Chris See Apples in Stereo McElhaney, Kevin See Chainsaw Kittens, The McElhone, John See Texas McElroy, Sollie See Flamingos, The McElroy, Thomas See Club Nouveau McEntire, John See Sea and Cake, The McEntire, John See Tortoise McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McErlaine, Ally See Texas McEuen, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The McFadden, Bryan See Westlife McFarlane, Elaine See Mamas and the Papas McFee, John See Doobie Brothers, The McFerrin, Bobby 3 McFessel, Sean See Cake MC5, The 9 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGearly, James See Christian Death McGee, Brian See Simple Minds McGee, Jerry See Ventures, The McGeoch, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McGerr, Jason See Death Cab for Cutie McGill, Lucius See Dells, The McGill, Michael See Dells, The McGinley, Matt See Gym Class Heroes McGinley, Raymond See Swizz Beatz McGinley, Raymond See Teenage Fanclub McGinniss, Will See Audio Adrenaline McGough , Danny See Shivaree

McCoury, Del 15

McDonald, Steven See Redd Kross

McGrath, Mark See Sugar Ray

McCowin, Michael See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The

McDorman, Joe See Statler Brothers, The

McGrath, Sean See Saves the Day

McCoy, Neal 15

McDougall, Don See Guess Who

McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17

McDowell, Hugh See Electric Light Orchestra

McGuigan, Paul See Oasis

McKinnon, Clinton See Mr. Bungle

McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16

McGuinn, Jim See McGuinn, Roger

McKnight, Brian 22

McCormack, Phil See Molly Hatchet McCormick, Gary See Exploited, The

McCoy, Travis See Gym Class Heroes McCoys, The 49 McCracken, Chet See Doobie Brothers, The

McDonald, Michael 59

McDowell, Smilin’ Jay

McKinney, William See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16

McKnight III, Claude V.

300 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Take 6 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLagan, Ian See Faces, The McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLaughlin, David See Lynn Morris Band McLaughlin, John 12 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra McLean, A. J. See Backstreet Boys McLean, Dave 24 McLean, Don 7 McLean, Jackie 41 McLean, John See Beta Band, The McLean, Jordan See Antibalas McLemore, Lamonte See Fifth Dimension McLennan, Grant 21 Also see Go-Betweens, The McLeod, Rory See Roomful of Blues McLoughlin, Jon See Del Amitri McMackin, Bryon See Pennywise McMahan, Brian See Slint McMeel, Mickey See Three Dog Night McMicken, Scott See Dr. Dog McMurray, Rick See Ash McMurtry, James 10 McNabb, Sean See Great White McNabb, Travis See Better Than Ezra McNabb, Travis See Vigilantes of Love McNair, Sylvia 15 McNally, James See Afro Celt Sound System McNally, Joe See Voodoo Glow Skulls McNally, John See Searchers, The McNally, Ste See BBMak McNeely, Big Jay 37 McNeill, Brian See Battlefield Band, The McNeill, Campbell See Aereogramme McNeilly, Mac See Jesus Lizard McNew, James See Yo La Tengo McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McPhatter, Clyde 25

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Mercer, James See Shins, The Mercer, Jerry See April Wine Mercer, Johnny 13 Merchant, Jimmy See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see 10,000 Maniacs Mercier, Peadar See Chieftains, The Mercurio, Robert See Galactic Mercury, Freddie See Queen Mercury Rev 28 MercyMe 56 Merman, Ethel 27 Merrick, Bryn See Damned, The Merrill, Robbie See Godsmack Merritt, Brad See 54-40 Merritt, Cari Lee 50 Merritt, Stephin See Magnetic Fields, The Merritt, Tift 52 Mertens, Paul See Poi Dog Pondering Merzbow 31 Mesaros, Michael See Smithereens, The Messe, Dan See Hem Messecar, Dek See Caravan Messina, Jim See Buffalo Springfield Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Messina, Joe See Funk Brothers Metallica 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Meteors, The 61 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Also see Drifters, The McPherson, Graham “Suggs” See Madness McPherson, Scott See Sense Field McPherson, Todd See Kingsmen, The McQuater, Matthew See Clovers, The McQuillar, Shawn See Kool & the Gang McRae, Carmen 9 McReynolds, Jesse See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12 McReynolds, Jim See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McRobbie, Stephen See Pastels, The McShane, Bill See Ultimate Fakebook McShane, Ronnie See Chieftains, The McShann, Jay 41 McShee, Jacqui See Pentangle McSpadden, Gary See Imperials, The McTaggert, Ed See Daniel Amos McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53 Also see Fleetwood Mac McVie, John See Fleetwood Mac McVinnie, Duke See Shivaree McWhinney, James See Big Mountain McWhinney, Joaquin See Big Mountain Mdletshe, Geophrey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mead, Chuck See BR5-49 Meade, Tyson See Chainsaw Kittens, The Meadham, Steve See Los Lonely Boys Meagher, Ron See Beau Brummels Meat Loaf 12 Meat Puppets, The 13 Medeles, Jose See Breeders Medeski, John See Medeski, Martin & Wood Medeski, Martin & Wood 32 Mediaeval Baebes 47

See Days of the New Megadeth 9 Mehldau, Brad 27 Mehta, Zubin 11 Meid, Lothar See Amon Duul II Meifert, Arnulf See Faust Meine, Klaus See Scorpions, The Meisner, Randy See Eagles, The Mekons, The 15 Melanie 12 Melax, Einar See Sugarcubes, The Melcher, Terry 53 Melchiondo, Mickey See Ween Melillo, Dave See Cute Is What We Aim For Melin, Eric See Ultimate Fakebook Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mellinger, Anne See Beulah Mellino, Iza See Les Négresses Vertes Mellino, Stéfane See Les Négresses Vertes Meloy, Colin See Decemberists, The Melton, Barry See Country Joe and the Fish Melvin, Eric See NOFX Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Melvoin, Jonathan See Smashing Pumpkins Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Men at Work 34 Menck, Ric See Velvet Crush Mendel, Nate See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Mengede, Peter See Helmet Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37

Medley, Bill 3

Menuhin, Yehudi 11

Metzger, Mark See Chainsaw Kittens, The

Medlock, James See Soul Stirrers, The

Menz, Junior See Paragons, The

Mew, Sharon See Elastica

Meehan, Tony See Shadows, The

Menza, Nick See Megadeth

Meyer, Edgar 40

Meek, Joe 46

Mercado, Scott See Candlebox

Meeks, Travis

Mentzer, Ethan See Click Five, The

Methembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Method Man 31 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Mettler, Darren See O.C. Supertones, The

Meyer, Eric See Charm Farm Meyers, Augie

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Texas Tornados, The MF Doom 54 Mhaonaigh, Mairead Ni See Altan Mhire, Jeremy See Plus One M.I.A. 63 Michael, George 49 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Michael, Tom See SonicFlood Michaels, Bret See Poison Michaels, Dan See Adam Again Michalka, Alyson See Aly & AJ Michalka, Amanda See Aly & AJ Michel, Luke See Emmet Swimming Michel, Prakazrel “Pras” See Fugees, The Michele, Riki See Adam Again Michiles, Malcolm See Citizen King Mickens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Middlebrook, Ralph “Pee Wee” See Ohio Players Middleton, Darren See Powderfinger Middleton, Malcolm See Arab Strap Middleton, Mark See Blackstreet Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Midnight Oil 11 Midon, Raul 57 Midori 7 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Mihm, Danny See Flamin’ Groovies Mike D See Diamond, Michael Mike & the Mechanics 17 Mikens, Dennis See Smithereens, The Mikens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Milan, Amy See Broken Social Scene Milchem, Glenn See Blue Rodeo Miles, Chris See Northern Lights Miles, David See ESG Miles, Richard See Soul Stirrers, The Miles, Ron 22 Milian, Christina 53 Millar, Deborah

Cumulative Musicians Index • 301

See Kingsmen, The Mitchell, Mitch See Guided By Voices Mitchell, Roscoe See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Mittoo, Jackie See Skatalites, The Mize, Ben See Counting Crows Mizell, Jay “Jam Master Jay” See Run DMC Mizrahi, Sylvain See New York Dolls, The Mo’, Keb’ 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Moakes, Gordon See Bloc Party Moberley, Gary See Sweet Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Moby Grape 12 Mochiach, Rea See Gogol Bordello Modeliste, Joseph “Zigaboo” See Meters, The Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 moe. 34 Moerlen, Pierre See Gong Moffat, Aidan See Arab Strap Moffatt, Gary See .38 Special Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moffo, Anna 59 Moginie, Jim See Midnight Oil Mogwai 27

Mills, Crispian See Kula Shaker

Mills, John, Sr. See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Mike See R.E.M. Mills, Sidney See Steel Pulse Mills, Stephanie 21 Mills Brothers, The 14 Milo, Nick See Tower of Power Milone, Dave See Radio 4 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Milton, Doctor See Alien Sex Fiend Minekawa, Takako 53 Mingis, Chuck See Days of the New Mingus, Charles 9 Ministry 10 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minns, Danielle See Minty Minogue, Kylie 32 Minott, Sugar 31 Mint Condition 29 Minton, Phil 29 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Mirabal, Robert 45 Miranda, Freddi See El Gran Combo Misfits, The 32 Miskulin, Joey “The Cowpolka King” See Riders in the Sky Miss Kier Kirby See Lady Miss Kier Missing Persons 39 Mission of Burma 51 Mister Rogers See Rogers, Fred Mistry, Jagdish See Ensemble Modern Mitchell, Alex See Curve Mitchell, Billy See Clovers, The Mitchell, Bruce See Durutti Column, The Mitchell, Burt See Ceili Rain Mitchell, Dryden See Alien Ant Farm Mitchell, Elizabeth See Ida

Mills, Donald See Mills Brothers, The

Mitchell, John See Asleep at the Wheel

Molko, Brian See Placebo

Mills, Fred See Canadian Brass, The

Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Molla, Chris See Monks of Doom

See Massive Attack Millard, Bart See MercyMe Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Charles See War Miller, Dan See O-Town Miller, David See Asleep at the Wheel Miller, David See Il Divo Miller, Frankie 59 Miller, Glenn 6 Miller, Jacob “Killer” See Inner Circle Miller, Jerry See Moby Grape Miller, Julie 55 Miller, Keith See Elms, The Miller, Kevin See Fuel Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM 38 Miller, Mark See Sawyer Brown Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Rhett See Old 97’s Miller, Rice See Williamson, Sonny Boy Miller, Rick See Southern Culture on the Skids Miller, Robert See Supertramp Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Roger See Alloy Orchestra Miller, Roger See Mission of Burma Miller, Ryan See Guster Miller, Scott See Loud Family, The Miller, Steve 2 Miller, Zach See Dr. Dog Milli Vanilli 4 Milliken, Catherine See Ensemble Modern Mills, Bryan See Divine Comedy, The

Mills, Harry See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Herbert See Mills Brothers, The Mills, John, Jr. See Mills Brothers, The

Mitchell, Katrina See Pastels, The Mitchell, Keith See Mazzy Star Mitchell, Mike

Mohan, John See Felt Mohr, Avion See Christafari Mohr, Mark See Christafari Mohr, Todd See Big Head Todd and the Monsters Mojave 3 26 Molina, Juana 53 Molino, Vincent See Radio Tarifa

Molland, Joey See Badfinger Molloy, Matt See Chieftains, The Molly Hatchet 37 Moloko 37

302 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Moloney, Paddy See Chieftains, The Molotov 47 Momus 47 Monahan, Pat See Train Monahan, Thom See Pernice Brothers Monarch, Michael See Steppenwolf Monasterio, Juan See Brainiac Monch, Pharoahe 29 M-1 See Dead Prez Money, Bob See Jordanaires, The Money, Eddie 16 Money B See Digital Underground Mongush, Andrey See Huun-Huur-Tu Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monifah 24 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Monkees, The 7 Monks of Doom 28 Monro, Diane See String Trio of New York Monroe, Bill 1 Monster, Drunkness See Len Monster Magnet 39 Montana, Country Dick See Beat Farmers Montana, Patsy 38 Montana, Tony See Great White Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Montes, George See Son by Four Montes, Javier See Son by Four Montgomery, Eddie See Montgomery Gentry Montgomery, John Michael 14 Montgomery, Ken “Dimwit” See D.O.A. Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Montgomery, Wes 3 Montgomery Gentry 34

See Resurrection Band Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moody, Ben See Evanescence Moody, James 34 Moody, Spencer See Murder City Devils Moody Blues, The 18 Moog, Robert A. 46 Moon, Doug See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Moon, Keith See Who, The Moondog 55 Mooney, Malcolm See Can Mooney, Michael See Spiritualized Mooney, Tim See American Music Club Moonglows, The 33 Moor, Davey Ray See Cousteau Moore, Alan See Judas Priest Moore, Angelo See Fishbone Moore, Archie See Velocity Girl Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Geoff 43 Moore, Glen See Oregon Moore, Johnny “Dizzy” See Skatalites, The Moore, Johnny See Drifters, The Moore, Josh See Caedmon’s Call Moore, Kevin See Dream Theater Moore, LeRoi See Dave Matthews Band Moore, Lisa See Bang on a Can All-Stars Moore, Mandy 35 Moore, Melba 7 Moore, Russell See IIIrd Tyme Out

Morales, Armond See Imperials, The Morales, Mark See Fat Boys, The Morales, Richie See Spyro Gyra Morales, Rudy See Rumba Club Moran, Jason 44 Morand, Grace See Chenille Sisters, The Moraz, Patrick See Moody Blues, The Also see Yes Morcheeba 25 Moré, Beny 57 Moreira, Airto 44 Also see Weather Report Morello, Tom See Audioslave Also see Rage Against the Machine Morén, Peter See Peter Bjorn and John Moreno, Chino See Deftones Moreno, Jorge 54 Moreno-Primeau, Soni See Ulali Moretti, Fabrizio See Strokes, The Moreve, Rushton See Steppenwolf Morgan, Brad See Drive-By Truckers Morgan, Cindy 36 Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Frank 9 Morgan, Jane 30 Morgan, John Russell See Steppenwolf Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Morgan, Scott See Destroyer Morgenstein, Rod See Dixie Dregs Morginsky, Matt See O.C. Supertones, The Mori, Ikue 55

Moore, Sam See Sam and Dave

Morisey, Dick See Soft Machine

Moore, Sean See Manic Street Preachers

Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Moore, Thurston See Sonic Youth

Morley, Pat See Soul Asylum

Monti, Steve See Curve

Moore, Undine Smith 40

Moro 38

Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40

Moroder, Giorgio 63

Mosbaugh, Garth See Nylons, The

Moron, Monty Oxy See Damned, The

Moscheo, Joe See Imperials, The

M.O.P. 34

Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Moseley, Keith See String Cheese Incident, The

Morales, Angela See Na Leo

Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Mosely, Chuck See Faith No More

Montoya, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Montoya, Craig See Everclear Montrose, Ronnie 22 Montroy, Roy

Moore, Stanton See Galactic

Moorse, Kiki See Chicks on Speed

Mørk, Truls 38

Morris, Keith See Circle Jerks, The Morris, Kenny See Siouxsie and the Banshees Morris, Lynn See Lynn Morris Band Morris, Nate See Boyz II Men Morris, Paul See Rainbow Morris, Roger See Psychedelic Furs Morris, Scotty See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Morris, Stephen See Joy Division Also see New Order Also see Pogues, The Morris, Wanya See Boyz II Men Morrison, Bram See Sharon, Lois & Bram Morrison, Claude See Nylons, The Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Lindy See Go-Betweens, The Morrison, Patricia See Damned, The Morrison, Sterling See Velvet Underground, The Morrison, Travis See Dismemberment Plan Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morriss, Mark James See Bluetones, The Morriss, Reginald Ilanthriy See Bluetones, The Morrissett, Paul See Klezmatics, The Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey, Steven Patrick See Morrissey Morrow, Stuart See New Model Army Morse, Steve See Dixie Dregs Morton, Everett See English Beat, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Morvan, Fab See Milli Vanilli Mos Def 41

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Mosely, Pete See Yellowcard Moser, Scott “Cactus” See Ceili Rain Also see Highway 101 Mosher, Ken See Squirrel Nut Zippers Mosley, Bob See Moby Grape Moss, Ian See Cold Chisel Moss, Jason See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Moss, John See Culture Club Moss, Jon See Damned, The Moss, Ronn See Player Mosshart, Alison See Kills, The Most, Mickie 29 Mothersbaugh, Bob See Devo Mothersbaugh, Mark See Devo Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Motta, Danny See Roomful of Blues Mottola, Tommy 36 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Moulding, Colin See XTC Mounfield, Gary See Stone Roses, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain 30 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouquet, Eric See Deep Forest Mouse On Mars 32 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Mouzon, Alphonse See Weather Report Moves, DJ See Len Movshon, Nick See Antibalas

Cumulative Musicians Index • 303

My Bloody Valentine 29 My Chemical Romance 56 My Morning Jacket 46 Mya 32 Mydland, Brent See Grateful Dead, The Myers, Alan See Devo Myles, Alannah 4 Myles, John H. See Swan Silvertones, The Myrdhin See Afro Celt Sound System Mystic Revealers 16 Mystikal 29 Myton, Cedric See Congos, The Myung, John See Dream Theater ’N Sync 25 Na Leo 38 Nada Surf 57 Na’dirah See Arrested Development Naess, Leona 46 Naftalin, Mark See Quicksilver Messenger Service Nagler, Eric 8 Najee 21 Najma 39 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Nakamura, Dan “The Automator” See Gorillaz Nakamura, Tetsuya “Tex” See War Nakatami, Michie See Shonen Knife Naked, Bif 29 Naked, Dave See Screeching Weasel Nana See Rasputina Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Also see AMM Nance, Todd See Widespread Panic Nando See Kumbia Kings

Moye, Famoudou Don See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The

Mr. Greenweedz See Liquid Soul Mraz, Jason 52 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mthembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mötley Crüe 35 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 M2M 42 Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Mudvayne 42 Mueller, Karl See Soul Asylum Muhammad, Idris 40 Mui, Anita 48 Muir, Jamie See King Crimson Muir, Mike See Suicidal Tendencies Muldaur, Maria 18 Mulholland, Dave See Aztec Camera Mullen, Larry, Jr. See U2 Mullen, Mary See Congo Norvell Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Mullen, Paul See Automatic, The Muller, Dean See Cosmic Psychos Mulligan, Declan See Beau Brummels Mulligan, Gerry 16 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulreany, Paul See Blue Aeroplanes, The Mulvanerty, Joseph See Black 47 Mulvey, Peter 59 Múm 50 Muncey, Cameron See Jet Mundell, Wyndorf See Monster Magnet Munson, John See Semisonic Murcia, Billy See New York Dolls Murder City Devils 42 Murdoch, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Murdock, Roger See King Missile

Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Muriel, Xavier See Buckcherry

Mustaine, Dave See Megadeth Also see Metallica

Moyse, David See Air Supply

Murph See Dinosaur Jr.

Mutchler, Billy See Samples

Mozetich, Marjan 55

Murphey, Michael Martin 9

Muti, Riccardo 56

Mr. Big 65

Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23

Mr. Bungle 58

Murphy, Brigid See Poi Dog Pondering

Nash, Graham See Crosby, Stills, and Nash Also see Hollies, The

Mr. Dalvin See Jodeci

Murphy, Chris See Sloan

Mwelase, Jabulane See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Nash, Leigh See Sixpence None the Richer

MxPx 33

Nash, Mark

Mowatt, Judy 46 Moxy Früvous 45

Murphy, Dan See Golden Smog Murphy, Dan See Soul Asylum Murphy, James See LCD Soundsystem Murphy, Jesse See Brazilian Girls Murphy, John See Gene Loves Jezebel Murphy, Michael See REO Speedwagon Murphy, Patrick See Gaelic Storm Murphy, Peter 22 Also see Bauhaus Murphy, Roisin See Moloko Murray, Anne 4 Murray, Ariana See Earlimart Murray, Dave See Iron Maiden Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Murray, Dee See Spencer Davis Group Murray, Don See Turtles, The Murray, Jim See Imperials, The Murray, Jim See Quicksilver Messenger Service Murray, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Murray-Leslie, Alex See Chicks on Speed Musburger, Mike See Fastbacks, The Musburger, Mike See Supersuckers Muse 40 Mushok, Mike See Staind Mushroom See Massive Attack Music Revelation Ensemble 43 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Musiq Soulchild See Musiq Musselwhite, Charlie 13

Nanji, Mato See Indigenous Napolitano, Johnette See Concrete Blonde Nappy Roots 46 Narcizo, David See Throwing Muses Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nascimento, Milton 6

304 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See PFR Nash, Nasher See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Nashville Bluegrass Band 14 Nasta, Ken See Royal Trux Nastanovich, Bob See Pavement Naté, Ultra 34 Nate Dogg 51 Nathaniel, Tobias See Black Heart Procession Naughton, Naturi See 3LW Naughty by Nature 11 Navarro, David See Jane’s Addiction Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Navarro Fats 25 Nawasadio, Sylvie See Zap Mama Nazworthy, Dave See Down By Law N.D. See Rocket from the Crypt Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 N’Diaye, Baro See Orchestra Baobab N’Diaye, Charlie See Orchestra Baobab N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Ndugu See Weather Report Neal, Karen See His Name Is Alive Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Needham, Margie See Chordettes, The Neel, Johnny See Allman Brothers, The Negativland 30 Negron, Chuck See Three Dog Night Negroni, Joe See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Nehra, Andrew See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Nehra, Michael See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Neil, Chris See Less Than Jake Neil, Fred 42 Neil, Vince See Mötley Crüe Nelly 40 Nelson, Brett See Built to Spill Nelson, Brian See Velocity Girl Nelson, David

See Last Poets Nelson, Errol “Jay” See Black Uhuru Nelson, Gabe See Cake Nelson, George See Orioles, The Nelson, Keith See Buckcherry Nelson, Nate See Flamingos, The Also see Platters, The Nelson, Peter See New Model Army Nelson, Rick 2 Nelson, Sean See Harvey Danger Nelson, Shara See Massive Attack Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neptunes, The 45 N.E.R.D. 65 Nero, Peter 19 Nershi, Bill See String Cheese Incident, The Nesbitt, John See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Nesby, Ann 57 Nesmith, Mike See Monkees, The Ness, Mike See Social Distortion Netrebko, Anna 49 Netson, Brett See Built to Spill Also see Caustic Resin Nettles, Jennifer See Sugarland Neu! 32 Neudorf, Darryl See 54-40 Neufeld, Paul See NOJO Neufville, Renee See Zhane Neumann, Kurt See BoDeans Neurosis 28 Neutral Milk Hotel 31 Nevarez, Alfred See All-4-One Nevil, Robbie 61 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville, Art See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Big Head Todd and the Monsters New Found Glory 50 New Kids on the Block 3 New Model Army 35 New Order 11 New Pornographers 57 New Rhythm and Blues Quartet See NRBQ Newbury, Mickey 44 Newell, Ryan See Sister Hazel Newfield, Heidi See Trick Pony New Grass Revival, The 4 Newman, Bryan See Saves the Day Newman, Carl See New Pornographers Newman, Colin See Wire Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Newmann, Kurt See BoDeans, The New Radicals, The 57 Newsboys, The 24 Newsham, Sean See Quickspace Newsom, Joanna 61 Newsom, Tommy 63 Newson, Arlene See Poi Dog Pondering NewSong 56 Newsted, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Newsted, Jason See Metallica Newton, Colin See Idlewild Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Paul See Uriah Heep Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-Davis, Billy See Nylons, The Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 New York Dolls, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Ne-Yo 62

See Lucero Nichols, Chad See Lettermen, The Nichols, Eddie See Royal Crown Revue Nichols, Gates See Confederate Railroad Nichols, Joe 49 Nichols, John See Low Nichols, Todd See Toad the Wet Sprocket Nickel Creek 40 Nickelback 36 Nickerson, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Nickrenz, Erika See Eroica Trio Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The Nicol, Simon See Fairport Convention Nicolay, Franz See Hold Steady, The Nicolette See Massive Attack Ni Dhomhnaill, Triona See Nightnoise Nields, David See Nields, The Nields, Katryna See Nields, The Nields, Nerissa See Nields, The Nields, The 48 Nielsen, Craig See Flotsam and Jetsam Nielsen, Rick See Cheap Trick

Niacin 51

Nijholt, Nico See Willem Breuker Kollektief

Nibbs, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Niblock, Phill 43 Niccals, Murdoc See Gorillaz

Nielsen, Tim See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Nielson, Sherrill See Imperials, The Night, Candice See Rainbow Nightmares on Wax 51 Nightnoise 45

Nikleva, Steven See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Nile, Willie 31

Nichol, Al See Turtles, The

Niles, Prescott See Knack, The

Neville, Charles See Neville Brothers, The

Nicholas, James Dean “J.D.” See Commodores, The

Nilija, Robert See Last Poets

Neville, Cyril See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The

Nicholls, Craig See Vines, The

Nilsson, Birgit 31

Neville Brothers, The 4

Nicholls, Geoff See Black Sabbath

Nevin, Brian

Nichols, Ben

Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nine Inch Nails 56 Earlier sketch in CM 29

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

98 Degrees 32 Nino B See Kumbia Kings Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47 Nirvana 8 Nisbett, Steve “Grizzly” See Steel Pulse Nishimoto, Timothy See Musiq Nishino, Kohji See Ghost Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Nitzberg, Aric See Caedmon’s Call Nixon, Mojo 32 No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Noa 65 Nobacon, Danbert “The Cat” See Chumbawamba Nocentelli, Leo See Meters, The Nockels, Christy See Watermark Nockels, Nathan See Watermark Noecker, Pat See Liars Noel, Patrick See Beulah NOFX 28 Nogueras, Moises See El Gran Combo NOJO 47 Nolan, Bob See Sons of the Pioneers Nolan, Brian See American Hi-Fi Nolan, Jerry See New York Dolls, The Nolan, John See Taking Back Sunday Nolan, Larry See Soft Machine Nomiya, Maki See Pizzicato Five Nono See Les Négresses Vertes Noodle See Gorillaz Noonan, Paul See Bell X1 Noone, Peter “Herman” See Herman’s Hermits Nordby, Bob See Kingsmen, The Nordeman, Nichole 47 Nordlander, Matthias See Komeda

See Coasters, The Norman, Kyle See Jagged Edge Norman, Larry 42 Norman, Patrick See Rusted Root Norreen, Claus See Aqua Norris, Jean See Zhane North Mississippi Allstars 39 Northern Lights 19 Northern Pikes, The 60 Northey, Craig See Odds Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norton, Butch See eels Norton, Greg See Hüsker Dü Norum, John See Dokken Norvell, Sally See Congo Norvell Norvo, Red 12 Notorious B.I.G. 20 Nova, Heather 30 Novarro, Nate See Cobra Starship Novello, John See Niacin Noveskey, Matt See Blue October Novoselic, Chris (Krist) See Nirvana Novotny, Dave See Saliva Nowell, Bradley James See Sublime NRBQ 12 Nuccio, Carlo See Continental Drifters Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Numan, Gary 47 Nu-Mark See Jurassic 5 Nunez, Joe See Soulfly Nunley, Louis See Jordanaires, The Nunn, Bobby See Coasters, The Nunn, Jamie See Guttermouth Nunn, Terri See Berlin Nutter, Alice See Chumbawamba N.W.A. 6

Norica, Sugar Ray See Roomful of Blues

Nylons, The 6

Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58

Nyolo, Sally See Zap Mama

Norman, Jessye 7 Norman, Jimmy

Cumulative Musicians Index • 305

See Saints, The Nystrøm, Lene Grawford See Aqua Oakenfold, Paul 32 Oakes, Richard See Suede Oakes, Warren See Against Me! Oakey, Philip See Human League, The Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir 26 Oakley, Berry See Allman Brothers, The Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Oates, John See Hall & Oates Oban, George “Ras Levi” See Aswad Oberst, Conor See Bright Eyes Obey, Ebenezer 49 O’Brien, Brien See D.O.A. O’Brien, Danny See Brave Combo O’Brien, Darrin Kenneth See Snow O’Brien, Derek See Social Distortion O’Brien, Dwayne See Little Texas O’Brien, Ed See Radiohead O’Brien, Marty See Kilgore O’Brien, Michael See NewSong O’Brien, Tim 39 O’Bryant, Alan See Nashville Bluegrass Band O’Carroll, Sinead See B*Witched Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Occhipinti, Michael See NOJO Ocean, Billy 4 Oceans, Lucky See Asleep at the Wheel Ochowiak, Michel See Les Négresses Vertes Ochs, Larry See Rova Saxophone Quartet

See Taking Back Sunday O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connell, Robbie See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The O’Connor, Billy See Blondie O’Connor, Daniel See House of Pain O’Connor, Mark 1 Also see Dixie Dregs O’Connor, P.J. See Radio 4 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Odadjian, Shavo See System of a Down O’Day, Anita 21 ODB See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Odds 20 O’Dell, Homer See Mint Condition Odetta 7 O’Dhomhnaill, Micheal See Nightnoise Odmark, Matt See Jars of Clay O’Donnell, Roger See Cure, The O’Donovan, Tim See Bell X1 Of Montreal 56 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ofwerman, Clarence See Roxette Ofwerman, Staffan See Roxette Ogawa, Rumi See Ensemble Modern Ogino, Kazuo See Ghost Ogletree, Mike See Simple Minds

Ochs, Phil 7 O’Ciosoig, Colm See My Bloody Valentine

O’Hare, Brendan See Mogwai Also see Teenage Fanclub

O’Connell, Brian See Junoon

O’Hare, Brendan See Swizz Beatz

Nyro, Laura 12

O’Connell, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel

O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons

Nystrom, Eddie

O’Connell, Mark

Ohio Players 16

Nyman, Michael 15

Ogre, Nivek See Pigface Also see Skinny Puppy O’Hagan, Sean See Stereolab Ohanian, David See Canadian Brass, The O’Hara, Helen See Dexy’s Midnight Runners O’Hara, Mary 47

306 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Ohno, Yumiko See Buffalo Daughter Oingo Boingo 39 O’Jays, The 13 Oje, Baba See Arrested Development O’Keefe, Laurence See Dark Star Okereke, Kele See Bloc Party Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Olafsson, Bragi See Sugarcubes, The Olafunke, Carlene See Black Uhuru Olander, Jimmy See Diamond Rio Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Olaverra, Margot See Go-Go’s, The Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Olde-Wolbers, Christian See Fear Factory Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Jack See Surfaris, The Oldham, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Oldham, Will 32 Olds, Brent See Poi Dog Pondering Oliffe, David See Vines, The O’Lionaird, Iarla See Afro Celt Sound System Oliver, Joe See Oliver, King Oliver, Karin See His Name Is Alive Oliver, King 15 Oliveri, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age Oliveros, Pauline 47 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olkhovsky, Sergei See Bering Strait Olley, Chris See Six by Seven Ollis, Terry See Hawkwind Ollu, Franck See Ensemble Modern Olsdal, Stefan See Placebo Olsen, Richard See Charlatans, The Olsen, Ric See Berlin Olson, Carla 45 Olson, Jeff See Village People, The Olson, Mark See Jayhawks, The Olsson, Bjorn

See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Olsson, Nigel See Spencer Davis Group Oltman, Matt See Chanticleer O’Malley, Luke See Antibalas O’Malley, Tony See 10cc Omarion 62 O’Meara, Jo See S Club 7 Ommer, Nobert See Ensemble Modern On, Richard See O.A.R. Onassis, Blackie See Urge Overkill Ondras, Charlie See Boss Hog O’Neal, Jamie 49 O’Neill, Damian See Undertones, The O’Neill, Jerry See Voodoo Glow Skulls O’Neill, John See Undertones, The 112 49 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Opokuwaa, Akua See Sweet Honey in the Rock Orange, Walter “Clyde” See Commodores, The Orange County Supertones See O.C. Supertones, The Orb, The 18 Orbison, Roy 2 Orbit, William 30 Orbital 20 Orchestra Baobab 42 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 O’Reagan, Tim See Jayhawks, The Oregon 30 Orff, Carl 21 Organ, Chad See Flying Luttenbachers, The Orgy 27 O Riada, Sean 56 Origliasso, Lisa See Veronicas, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Orr, Benjamin See Cars, The Orr, Casey See Gwar Orrall, Frank See Poi Dog Pondering Orrico, Stacie 47 Ortega, Leonor “Jeff” See Five Iron Frenzy Ortega, Micah See Five Iron Frenzy Ortiz, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Ortiz, Domingo “Sunny” See Widespread Panic Ortiz, Opie See Long Beach Dub All Stars Ortmann, Mark See Bottle Rockets Ortoli See Les Négresses Vertes Orton, Beth 26 Orton, Mark See Tin Hat Trio Orzabal, Roland See Tears for Fears Osborn, Jinny See Chordettes, The Osborn, Kassidy See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kelsi See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kristyn See SHeDAISY Osborne, Bob See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne, Buzz See Melvins Osborne, David See 54-40 Osborne, Joan 19 Osborne, Neil See 54-40 Osborne, Sonny See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne Brothers, The 8 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Oswald, Hunter See Down By Law Otis, Johnny 16 O&Ⲇ8217;Toole, Paul See Young Dubliners O’Toole, Mark See Frankie Goes To Hollywood O-Town 44 Ott, David 2 Ottewell, Ben See Gomez Otto, James 65 Otto, John See Limp Bizkit Our Lady Peace 22 Out of the Grey 37 OutKast 33 Outler, Jimmy See Soul Stirrers, The Ovenden, Emily See Mediaeval Baebes Overstreet, Paul 33 Overton, Nancy See Chordettes, The Owen, Randy Yueull See Alabama Owen, Scott See Living End, The Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Campbell See Aztec Camera Owens, Fred See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Owens, Henry See Golden Gate Quartet Owens, Jack 30 Owens, Paul See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The Owens, Ricky See Temptations, The Ownens, Ikey See Mars Volta, The Owoh, Orlando 57 Oxley, Tony 32 Øye, Erlend See Kings of Convenience Oyewole, Abiodun See Last Poets Ozzello, Billy See Survivor P. Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Pablo, Augustus 37 Pace, Amedeo See Blonde Redhead

Orioles, The 35

Osenga, Andrew See Normals, The

O’Riordan, Cait See Pogues, The

Oskar, Lee See War

O’Riordan, Dolores See Cranberries, The

Oskay, Billy See Nightnoise

Orlando, Tony 15

Oslin, K. T. 3

Paddy Boom See Scissor Sisters

örn, Einar See Sugarcubes, The

Osman, Mat See Suede

Paez, Victor See Banda el Recodo

örnolfsdottir, Margret See Sugarcubes, The

Osmond, Donny 3 Ostin, Mo 17

Page, Greg See Wiggles, The

O’Rourke, Jim 31 Also see Sonic Youth

Ostrovsky, Alexander See Bering Strait

Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin

Pace, Simone See Blonde Redhead

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Also see Yardbirds, The Page, Patti 11 Page, Steven See Barenaked Ladies Pagliaro, Michel 56 Pahanish, Alan “Al 3” See Powerman 5000 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Paice, Ian See Deep Purple Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Pajo, Dave See Tortoise Pajo, David See Slint Paladins, The 47 Palermo, Matt See Ludo Paliotta, Cherie See Avalon Palladino, Chris See Danielson Palmar, Wally See Romantics, The Palmer, Bruce See Buffalo Springfield Palmer, Carl See Asia Palmer, Carl See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Palmer, Clive See Incredible String Band Palmer, David See Jethro Tull Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmer, Jeff See Sunny Day Real Estate Palmer, Keeti See Prodigy Palmer, Phil See Dire Straits Palmer, Richard See Supertramp Palmer, Robert 2 Palmer-Jones, Robert See King Crimson Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paloalto 45

Pangie See Kumbia Kings

Panozzo, John See Styx Panter, Horace See Specials, The Pantera 13 Panther, “Omo” See 5,6,7,8’s, The Papa Roach 30 Papach, Leyna See Geraldine Fibbers Papas Fritas 29 Pappalardi, Felix See Mountain Pappas, Tom See Superdrag Paquin, Luke See Hot Hot Heat Parada, Pete See Face to Face Parada, Pete See Offspring Parada, Pete See Saves the Day Paradis, Vanessa 50 Paragons, The 53 Paramore 65 Parazaider, Walter See Chicago Parcells, Fred See Black 47 Parello, Vinny See Spiral Starecase Parffit, Rick See Status Quo Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Paris Combo 54 Park, Cary See Boy Howdy Park, Larry See Boy Howdy Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Alan See Soft Machine Parker, Brad See Pursuit of Happiness, The Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Dylan See Lowest of the Low Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Graham 49 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Parker, Jeff See Tortoise Parker, Kris See KRS-One

Panic! at the Disco 64

Parker, Leon 27

Panjabi MC 46

Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Paluzzi, Jimmy See Sponge Pamer, John See Tsunami Pandit G See Asian Dub Foundation

Pankow, James See Chicago Pankrantz, Lisa See Derailers, The Panozzo, Chuck See Styx

Cumulative Musicians Index • 307

Parker, William 31 Parket, Johnnie See Hackberry Ramblers Parkin, Chad See Aquabats, The Parks, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Parks, Cale See Aloha Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parnell, Alex See Paloalto Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parr, Tom See Bottle Rockets Parrish, Mark See Dixie Dregs Parsley, Ambrosia See Shivaree Parsons, Alan 12 Parsons, Dave See Bush Parsons, Drew See American Hi-Fi Parsons, Gene See Byrds, The Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parsons, Longineu See Yellowcard Parsons, Ted See Prong Parsons, Tony See Iron Maiden Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Partington, Darren See 808 State Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Parton, Samantha See Be Good Tanyas Partridge, Andy See XTC Parvo, Carpella See Rasputina Pascale, Nina See Quickspace Pasemaster, Mase See De La Soul Pash, Jim See Surfaris, The Pasillas, Jose See Incubus Pass, Joe 15 Passons, Michael See Avalon Pastels, The 45

Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch CM 3 Patrick, Kyle See Click Five, The Patrick, Richard See Filter Patti, Sandi 50 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pattinson, Les See Echo and the Bunnymen Patton, Antwan “Big Boi” See OutKast Patton, Charley 11 Patton, Mike See Faith No More Patton, Mike See Mr. Bungle Paul, Alan See Manhattan Transfer, The Paul, Amit See A*Teens Paul, Les 2 Paul, Prince 29 Also see Gravediggaz Paul, Sean 42 Paul, Vinnie See Pantera Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Paul III, Henry See BlackHawk Paull, Eric See Clem Snide Paulo, Jr. See Sepultura Paulus, Jean-Marie See Les Négresses Vertes Pausini, Laura 42 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pavia, John See Four Seasons, The Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Payne, Bill See Little Feat Payne, Dougie See Travis Payne, Richard See Bluetones, The Payne, Scherrie See Supremes, The Payton, Denis See Dave Clark Five, The Payton, Lawrence See Four Tops, The Payton, Nicholas 27 Pea, Planet See Len

Pastorius, Jaco See Weather Report

Peaches 46

Parker, Ray 63

Paterson, Alex See Orb, The

Peacock, Olly See Gomez

Parker, Tom See Animals, The

Paterson, Jim See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Peake, Ryan See Nickelback

Parker, Mimi See Low

Peacock, Gary 48

308 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Pearce, David See Flying Saucer Attack Pearl, Minnie 3 Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Pearle, Ida See Ida Pearls Before Swine 24 Pearson, Dan See American Music Club Pearson, Tony See Flatlanders, The Peart, Neil See Rush Pedersen, Chris See Monks of Doom Pedersen, Herb See Desert Rose Band, The Also see Dillards, The Pedro the Lion 57 Peduzzi, Larry See Roomful of Blues Pee Wee See Kumbia Kings Peebles, Ann 30 Peek, Dan See America Peel, John 43 Peeler, Ben See Mavericks, The Peeples, Philip See Old 97’s Peet, Joe See Cousteau Peeters, Flor 51 Pegg, Dave See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Pegrum, Nigel See Steeleye Span Peligro, Darren H. See Dead Kennedys Pelissier, Matt See My Chemical Romance Pelletier, Mike See Kilgore Peña, Adela See Eroica Trio Pena, Paco 60 Pence, Jeff See Blessid Union of Souls Pender, Mike See Searchers, The Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Pendergast, George See Dishwalla Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Pendleton, Brian See Pretty Things, The Pengelly, Pat See Bedouin Soundclash Pengilly, Kirk See INXS Penick, Trevor See O-Town Peniston, CeCe 15

Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Pennario, Leonard 65 Penner, Fred 10 Pennywise 27 Penrod, Guy See Gaither Vocal Band Pentangle 18 Pentland, Patrick See Sloan People Under The Stairs 39 Pepper, Art 18 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Percy, Mike See Dead or Alive Pere Ubu 17 Peretz, Jesse See Lemonheads, The Perez, Arturo See Redbone Perez, Chris See Kumbia Kings Perez, Danilo 25 Perez, Eddie See El Gran Combo Perez, Louie See Los Lobos Pérez, René See Calle 13 Perfect Circle, A 54 Peris, Don See Innocence Mission, The Peris, Karen See Innocence Mission, The Perkins, Al See Flying Burrito Brothers Perkins, Carl 9 Perkins, John See XTC Perkins, Percell See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perkins, Steve See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Perko, Lynn See Imperial Teen Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Perlman, Marc See Golden Smog Perlman, Marc See Jayhawks, The Perna, Martin See Antibalas Pernice, Bob See Pernice Brothers Pernice, Joe See Pernice Brothers Also see Scud Mountain Boys Pernice Brothers 33 Peroff, Justin See Broken Social Scene

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Peron, Jean-Hervé See Faust Perry, Ann See Selah Perry, Brendan See Dead Can Dance Perry, Doane See Jethro Tull Perry, Jason See Plus One Perry, Joe See Aerosmith Perry, John G. See Caravan Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52 Perry, Linda 38 Perry, Phil 24 Perry, Steve See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Perry, Steve See Journey Perry, Ted 53 Perry, Virgshawn See Artifacts Perryman, Lloyd Wilson See Sons of the Pioneers Person, Eric See World Saxophone Quartet Person, Ian See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Personality, Johhny See Screeching Weasel Persson, Nina See Cardigans Persuasions, The 47 Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peter Bjorn and John 64 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Peters, Dale See James Gang Peters, Dan See Mudhoney Peters, Gretchen 45 Peters, Joey See Grant Lee Buffalo

See Guess Who Peterson, John See Beau Brummels Peterson, Michael 31 Peterson, Oscar 11 Peterson, Steve See Kingsmen, The Peterson, Sylvia See Chiffons, The Peterson, Vicki See Bangles, The Also see Continental Drifters Petersson, Tom See Cheap Trick Petey X See Rocket from the Crypt Petito, Scott See Fugs, The Petkovic, John See Cobra Verde Petra 3 Petratos, Dave See Romantics, The Petri, Tony See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Petrucci, John See Dream Theater Pettus, Kenny See Dazz Band Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Peverett, Dave See Foghat Peverett, Dave See Savoy Brown Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pfaff, Kristen See Hole Pfahler, Adam See Jawbreaker Pfeiffer, Darrin See Goldfinger

Peters, Lori See Skillet

PFR 38

Peters, Mike See Alarm Petersen, Chris See Front Line Assembly Petersen, Joel See Faint, The Peterson, Bobby See McCoys, The Peterson, Debbi See Bangles, The

Pfeiffer, Rob See Sense Field Pfisterer, Alban See Love Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phantom, Slim Jim See Stray Cats, The Phantom Planet 49 Pharcyde, The 17 Phelps, David See Gaither Vocal Band Phelps, Doug See Kentucky Headhunters, The Phelps, Kelly Joe 36

Peterson, Dick See Kingsmen, The

Phelps, Ricky Lee See Kentucky Headhunters, The

Peterson, Garry See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Phife See Tribe Called Quest, A

Peterson, Garry

Phil, Gary

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Boston Philbin, Greg See REO Speedwagon Philips, Anthony See Genesis Phillips, Britta See Luna Phillips, Chris See Squirrel Nut Zippers Phillips, Chynna See Wilson Phillips Phillips, Craig & Dean 45 Phillips, Dominic See Bell X1 Phillips, Esther 46 Phillips, Glenn See Toad the Wet Sprocket Phillips, Grant Lee See Grant Lee Buffalo Phillips, Harvey 3 Phillips, John See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Mackenzie See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Mark See Down By Law Phillips, Michelle See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Paul See Puddle of Mudd Phillips, Peter See Velvet Crush Phillips, Popeye See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Phillips, Randy See Phillips, Craig & Dean Phillips, Ross See Hard-Fi Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Scott See Alter Bridge Phillips, Scott See Creed Phillips, Shawn 41 Phillips, Shelley See Point of Grace Phillips, Simon See Judas Priest Phillips, Utah 57 Phipps, Sam See Oingo Boingo Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Phoenix 59 Photinos, Nicholas See eighth blackbird Phungula, Inos See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Cumulative Musicians Index • 309

See Pointer Sisters, The Pointer Sisters, The 9 Poison 11 Poison Ivy See Rorschach, Poison Ivy Poland, Chris See Megadeth Polce, Tom See Letters to Cleo Polci, Gerry See Four Seasons, The Police, The 20 Polivka, Galen See Hold Steady, The Pollard, Jim See Guided By Voices Pollard, Robert, Jr. See Guided By Voices Pollard, Russ See Sebadoh Pollitt, Tessa See Slits, The Pollock, Courtney Adam See Aquabats, The Pollock, Emma See Delgados, The Pollock, Jason See Seven Mary Three Polwart, Karine See Battlefield Band, The Polygon Window See Aphex Twin Polyphonic Spree, The 51 Pomus, Doc See Doc Pomus Pontier, Derrick See Great White Pontiere, Ernie See Lettermen, The Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Pop, Iggy 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pop, Jimmy See Bloodhound Gang, The Pope, Robert See Get Up Kids Popoff, A. Jay See Lit Popoff, Jeremy See Lit Popper, John See Blues Traveler Porno for Pyros 31 Porter, Cole 10 Porter, George, Jr. See Meters, The

Picciotto, Joe See Fugazi Piccolo, Greg See Roomful of Blues Pickerel, Mark See Screaming Trees Pickering, Michael See M People Pickett, Lenny See Tower of Power Pickett, Wilson 10 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pier, Fred See D.O.A. Pierce, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Pierce, Jason See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Pierce, Jonathan See Gaither Vocal Band Pierce, Marvin “Merv” See Ohio Players Pierce, Webb 15 Pierson, Kate See B-52’s, The Pigface 19 Pigott, Stephen See 10cc Pike, Donny See Lettermen, The Pike, Gary See Lettermen, The Pike, Jim See Lettermen, The Pilatus, Rob See Milli Vanilli Pilson, Jeff See Dokken Pinch See Damned, The Pincock, Dougie See Battlefield Band, The Pinder, Michael See Moody Blues, The Pine, Courtney 51 Also see Soul II Soul Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Pink Floyd 2 Pinkerton, Peyton See Pernice Brothers Pinkus, Jeff See Butthole Surfers Pinnick, Doug See King’s X Piper, Jeff “Freedom” See Workhorse Movement, The

See Golden Smog Pirner, Dave See Soul Asylum Pirro, Mark See Tripping Daisy Pirroni, Marco See Siouxsie and the Banshees Pisarri, Bill See Flying Luttenbachers, The Pitchon, Anna See Beulah Pitney, Gene 39 Pittman, Brian See Relient K Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Pizzarelli, John 50 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Placebo 27 Plaid 50 Plain White T’s 65 Plakas, Dee See L7 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Plastikman See Hawtin, Richie Plato, Jeremy See Cross Canadian Ragweed Platters, The 25 Plaubicki, Gene See Angel Corpse Player 65 Pleasant, Alvin See Carter Family, The Ploog, Richard See Cameo Ploog, Richard See Church, The Plouf, Scott See Built to Spill Plough, John See Northwoods Improvisers Plus One 43 P.M. Dawn 11 Po’ Girl 58 P.O.D. 33 Podolak, Leonard See Duhks, The Pogues, The 6 Pohom, Chris See D.O.A. Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poindexter, Buster See Johansen, David

Pipien, Sven See Black Crowes, The

Point of Grace 21

Porter, Glenn See Alkaline Trio

Pointer, Anita See Pointer Sisters, The

Porter, Jody See Fountains of Wayne

Pippen, Lovetta See His Name Is Alive

Piazza, Sammy See Quicksilver Messenger Service

Pires, Maria João 26

Pointer, Bonnie See Pointer Sisters, The

Porter, Tiran See Doobie Brothers, The

Piripitsi, Joe See Living End, The

Pointer, June See Pointer Sisters, The

Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Piazzolla, Astor 18

Pirner, Dave

Pointer, Ruth

Portius, Bruce

Piaf, Edith 8

310 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Savoy Brown Portman, Dr. Frank See Mr. T Experience, The Portman-Smith, Nigel See Pentangle Portnoy, Mike See Dream Theater Portuondo, Omara 42 Portz, Chuck See Turtles, The Posa, Dylan See Flying Luttenbachers, The Posdnuos See De La Soul Post, Louise See Veruca Salt Post, Mike 21 Potter, Janna See Avalon Potter, Nic See Van der Graaf Generator Potter, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Pottie, Ambrose See Crash Vegas Potts, Sean See Chieftains, The Potvin, Bryan See Northern Pikes, The Potzi See Paris Combo Poullain, Frankie See Darkness, The Pounds, Scott See Great White Povey, John See Pretty Things, The Powderfinger 33 Powell, Baden 23 Powell, Billy See Lynyrd Skynyrd Powell, Bud 15 Powell, Cozy See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see Rainbow Powell, Dirk See Balfa Toujours

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Powerman 5000 37 Powers, Eric See Great White Powers, Kid Congo See Congo Norvell Also see Cramps, The Powers, Millard See Counting Crows Powles, Tim See Cameo Powter, Daniel 65 Poynton, Bobby See Lettermen, The Prado, Pérez 53 Prater, Dave See Sam and Dave Pratt, Awadagin 19 Pratt, Guy See Killing Joke Pratter, Samuelle See Club Nouveau Pray for Rain See PFR Precoda, Karl See Dream Syndicate Prefab Sprout 15 Prefuse 73 56 Prekop, Sam See Sea and Cake, The Prescott, Peter See Mission of Burma Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1 Presley, Lisa Marie 55 Presley, Richard See Breeders Prestia, Francis “Rocco” See Tower of Power Preston, Aaron See Chainsaw Kittens, The Preston, Joe See Melvins Preston, Leroy See Asleep at the Wheel Preston, Mark See Lettermen, The Prestwich, Steven See Cold Chisel Pretenders, The 8 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Pretty Things, The 26

Price, Martin See 808 State Price, Ray 11 Price, Rick See Electric Light Orchestra Price, Rod See Foghat Pride, Charley 4 Priest, Gretchen See Ceili Rain Priest, Maxi 20 Priest, Steve See Sweet Priester, Julian 54 Prima, Louis 18 Primal Scream 14 Primettes, The See Supremes, The Primrose, Neil See Travis Primus 11 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prince, Prairie See Journey Prince, Vivian See Pretty Things, The Prince Be See P.M. Dawn Prince Paul See Handsome Boy Modeling School Princess Superstar 39 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prinsen Geerligs, Hugo See Gathering, The Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span Priske, Rich See Matthew Good Band Pritchard, Chris See Silly Wizard Proclaimers, The 13 Proctor, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Prodigy 22 Professor Longhair 6 Project 86 52 Project Pat 65 Promise Ring, The 28

See Dream Syndicate Pryce, Guto See Super Furry Animals Pryor, Matthew See Get Up Kids Psychedelic Furs 23 Ptacek, Rainer See Giant Sand Pte See Indigenous Public Enemy 4 Puccini, Giacomo 25 Puckett, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Puddle of Mudd 45 Puente, Tito 14 Puff Daddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Puget, Jade See AFI Pullen, Don 16 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Pulsford, Nigel See Bush Pundik, Jordan See New Found Glory Pura Fé See Ulali Purcell, John See World Saxophone Quartet Pure Prairie League 49 Purim, Flora 45 Pursuit of Happiness, The 58 Pusey, Clifford “Moonie” See Steel Pulse Puthli, Asha 60 Pyle, Andy See Kinks, The Pyle, Andy See Savoy Brown Pyle, Artemis See Lynyrd Skynyrd Pyle, Chris See Royal Trux Pyle, Pip See Gong Pyres, Gian See Cradle of Filth Pyro, Howie See D Generation

Previn, André 15

Prong 23

Q

Prévost, Eddie See AMM

Proof See D12

Prewitt, Archer 57 Also see Sea and Cake, The

Propatier, Joe See Silver Apples

Price, Alan See Animals, The

Propellerheads 26

Q-Tip See Tribe Called Quest, A

Price, Kelly 34

Propes, Duane See Little Texas

Quaid, Johnny See My Morning Jacket

Powell, Paul See Aztec Camera

Price, Leontyne 6

Prophet, Chuck 32

Price, Lloyd 25

Quaife, Peter See Kinks, The

Powell, William See O’Jays, The

Price, Louis See Temptations, The

Prosper, Marvin See Baha Men

Power, Darrell See Great Big Sea

Price, Mark See Archers of Loaf

Powell, Don See Slade Powell, George See Pure Prairie League Powell, Kobie See US3 Powell, Mac See Third Day Powell, Martin See Cradle of Filth Powell, Owen See Catatonia

See 112 Q-Ball, D.J. See Bloodhound Gang, The

Quasi 24

Prout, Brian See Diamond Rio

Quasthoff, Thomas 26

Provost, Dave

Quaye, Finley 30

Quatro, Suzi 47

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Queen 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Queen Latifah 48 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Queens, Hollis See Boss Hog Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Queralt, Steve See Ride Querfurth, Carl See Roomful of Blues Query, Nate See Decemberists, The ? and the Mysterians 44 ?uestlove See Roots, The Quick, Clarence See Del Vikings, The Quicksilver Messenger Service 23 Quickspace 30 Quiles, Pedro See Son by Four Quin, Sara See Tegan and Sara Quin, Tegan See Tegan and Sara Quinn, Jonny See Snow Patrol Quinn, Mickey See Supergrass Quinn, Paul See Swizz Beatz Quint, Philippe 64 Quintanilla, Abraham See Kumbia Kings Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 R. Prophet See Nappy Roots Raaymakers, Boy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rabin, Trevor See Yes Race, Tony See Felt Racine, Pam See Gogol Bordello Raconteurs, The 64 Radalj, Rod See Hoodoo Gurus Radio 4 59

Cumulative Musicians Index • 311

Radio Tarifa 40

Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rafferty, Mary See Cherish the Ladies Raffi 8 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Ragsdale, Randy See Cross Canadian Ragweed Raheem See Geto Boys, The Rahzel See Roots, The Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raines, Jeff See Galactic Rainey, Ma 22 Rainey, Sid See Compulsion Rainford, Simone See All Saints Rainwater, Keech See Lonestar Rainwater, Lonnie See Hackberry Ramblers Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rakaa See Dilated Peoples Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Raleigh, Don See Squirrel Nut Zippers Ralph Sharon Quartet 26 Ralphs, Mick See Bad Company Also see Mott the Hoople Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Ramey, Samuel 51 Ramirez, Twiggy See Marilyn Manson Rammstein 25 Ramone, C. J. See Ramones, The Ramone, Dee Dee See Ramones, The Ramone, Joey See Ramones, The Ramone, Johnny See Ramones, The Ramone, Marky See Ramones, The Ramone, Ritchie See Ramones, The Ramone, Tommy See Ramones, The

See Stereolab Ranaldo, Lee See Sonic Youth Rancid 29 Randall, Bobby See Sawyer Brown Randall, Jon 58 Randolph, Boots 57 Randolph, Robert 49 Ranelin, Phil 55 Raney, Jerry See Beat Farmers Rangel, Enrique See Café Tacuba Rangel, Joselo See Café Tacuba Rangell, Andrew 24 Ranglin, Ernest See Skatalites, The Ranken, Andrew See Pogues, The Rankin, Billy See Brinsley Schwarz Rankin, Cookie See Rankins, The Rankin, Heather See Rankins, The Rankin, Jimmy See Rankins, The Rankin, John Morris See Rankins, The Rankin, Raylene See Rankins, The Ranking, Roger See English Beat, The Rankins, The 24 Ranks, Shabba 38 Rantanen, Hannu See Väarttinä Rapp, Marcelo D. See Soulfly Rapp, Steve See Guttermouth Rapp, Tom See Pearls Before Swine Rarebell, Herman See Scorpions, The Rasboro, Johnathen See Silk Rascal Flatts 42 Rascals, The 52 Rascon, Meegs See Coal Chamber Raskin, Jon See Rova Saxophone Quartet RAS-1 See Long Beach Dub All Stars Raspberries 43

Radiohead 64 Earlier sketch in CM 24

Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Rasputina 26

Radley, Kate See Spiritualized

Ramos, Larry See Association, The

Rae, Terry See Flamin’ Groovies Raekwon See Wu-Tang Clan

Rathbone, Andie See Mansun Rathbone, Don See Hollies, The Ratledge, Mike See Soft Machine Rattle, Simon 37 Ravel, Claire See Mediaeval Baebes Ravel, Maurice 25 Raven, Marion See M2M Raven, Paul See Killing Joke Also see Prong Raveonettes, The 48 Rawls, Lou 60 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ray, Amy 65 Also see Indigo Girls Ray, East Bay See Dead Kennedys Ray, Tom See Bottle Rockets Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Raybon, Marty See Shenandoah Raye, Collin 16 Raymond, Bobby See Spiral Starecase Raymond, Paul See Savoy Brown Raymonde, Simon See Cocteau Twins, The Raynor, Scott See Blink 182 Razanajato, Mano See Paris Combo Rea, Chris 12 Rea, Matt “Myron” See Workhorse Movement, The Read, John See Specials, The Read, Mark See A1 Reader, Joel See Mr. T Experience, The Readling, Greg See Chatham County Line Reagon, Bernice Johnson See Sweet Honey in the Rock Reams, Scott See Seventy Sevens, The Reaney, Paul See Tommy James and the Shondells Rebirth Brass Band 35 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Rasted, Søren See Aqua

Red House Painters 40

Ratatat 65

Redbone, Leon 19

Rampage, Randy See D.O.A.

Ratcliffe, Simon See Basement Jaxx

Redd Kross 20

Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6

Rat Fink, Jr. See Alien Sex Fiend

Ramsay, Andy

Redbone 47

Reddick, Jaret See Bowling for Soup Redding, Otis 5

312 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Reddy, Helen 9 Redman 35 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Don See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Redman, Matt 54 Redpath, Jean 1 Redus, Richard See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Reece, Chris See Social Distortion Reece, Damon See Spiritualized Reece, Jason See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Reed, Brett See Rancid Reed, Dean 38 Reed, Herbert See Platters, The Reed, Jimmy 15 Reed, Johnny See Orioles, The Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Rees, John See Men at Work Reese, Della 13 Reese, Joey See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Reeves, Dianne 16 Reeves, Jim 10 Reeves, Lois See Martha and the Vandellas Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Refoy, Mark See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Regan, Dan See Reel Big Fish Regan, Julianne See Gene Loves Jezebel Reich, Steve 8 Reichel, Hans 29 Reichel, Keali’i 50 Reid, Alan See Battlefield Band, The Reid, Antonio 44

See Black Uhuru Reid, Don See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Ellen Lorraine See Crash Test Dummies Reid, Harold See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Janet See Black Uhuru Reid, Jim See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reid, L.A. See Reid, Antonio Reid, Lou See Seldom Scene, The Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reid, William See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reifman, William See KMFDM Reilly, Marie See Cherish the Ladies Reilly, Michael See Pure Prairie League Reilly, Vini See Durutti Column, The Reinert, Florian See Paloalto Reinhardt, Django 7 Reininger, Blaine See Tuxedomoon Reiser, Dan See Marcy Playground Reitzell, Brian See Redd Kross Relf, Keith See Yardbirds, The Relient K 55 R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 Renaud, Hélène See Swell Renbourn, John See Pentangle Rendall, Kimble See Hoodoo Gurus Reno, Mike See Loverboy Reno, Ronnie See Osborne Brothers, The Rentals, The 50 REO Speedwagon 23 Replacements, The 7 Republica 20

Revell, Adrian See Jamiroquai Revere, Paul See Paul Revere & The Raiders Reverend Horton Heat 19 Rew, Kimberley See Katrina and the Waves Rex See Pantera Reyes, Andre See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Canut See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Eddie See Taking Back Sunday Reyes, Nicolas See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Pablo See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Patchai See Gipsy Kings, The Reynolds, Nick See Kingston Trio, The Reynolds, Robert See Mavericks, The Reynolds, Sheldon See Earth, Wind and Fire Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rheostatics 37 Rhoad, Herbert See Persuasions, The Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rhodes, Izora See Weather Girls, The Rhodes, Louise See Lamb Rhodes, Nick See Duran Duran Rhodes, Philip See Gin Blossoms Rhodes, Todd See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Rhone, Sylvia 13 Rhys, Gruff See Super Furry Animals Ribot, Marc 30 Rice, Chris 25 Rice, Damien 50 Rice, Jeff See Whiskeytown Rice, Joe See Fairfield Four Rice, Syl See Flatlanders, The Rice-Oxley, Tim See Keane Rich, Buddy 13 Rich, Charlie 3

Riles, Kelly See Velocity Girl

Reid, Charlie See Proclaimers, The

Residente See Calle 13

Rich, Jeff See Status Quo

Riley, Billy Lee 43

Reid, Christopher See Kid ‘n Play

Residents, The 14

Reid, Craig See Proclaimers, The

Resurrection Band 36

Rich, John See Big & Rich Also see Lonestar

Reid, Delroy “Junior”

Restless Heart 12 Retondo, Mike See Plain White T’s

Richards, Aled See Catatonia Richards, Edward See Shamen, The Richards, J.R. See Dishwalla Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richards, Lee See Godsmack Richardson, Geoffrey See Caravan Richardson, Kevin See Backstreet Boys Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richling, Greg See Wallflowers, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Richrath, Gary See REO Speedwagon Richter, Johnny See Kottonmouth Kings Rick, Dave See King Missile Rickle, Matt See Thunderbirds are Now! Ricochet 23 Riddle, Matt See Face to Face Riddle, Paul See Marshall Tucker Band Ride 40 Ridenour, Matt See Hawthorne Heights Riders in the Sky 33 Ridley, Greg See Humble Pie Riebling, Scott See Letters to Cleo Rieckermann, Ralph See Scorpions, The Riedel, Oliver See Rammstein Rieflin, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Rieger, Andrew See Elf Power Rieth, Derek See Musiq Rieu, André 26 Rigby, Will See dB’s, The Rihanna 59

Riley, Herman See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers

Richard, Cliff 14

Riley, Kristian See Citizen King

Richard, Zachary 9

Riley, Teddy “Street” 14

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Blackstreet Riley, Terry 32 Riley, Timothy Christian See Tony! Toni! Toné! Rillera, Butch See Redbone Rilo Kiley 52 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ringenberg, Jason See Jason & the Scorchers Rippingtons 38 Rippon, Steve See Lush Ritchie, Brian See Violent Femmes Ritchie, Jean 4 Ritchie, John Simon See Sid Vicious Ritchie, Robert See Kid Rock Ritenour, Lee 7 Ritter, Tex 37 Ritter, Tyson See All-American Rejects, The Ritts-Kirby, Freya See Ensemble Modern Rivas, Jerry See El Gran Combo Rivera, Freddie See El Gran Combo Rivera, James See Flotsam and Jetsam Rivers, Sam 29 Rivers, Sam See Limp Bizkit Rivers, Sam See Music Revelation Ensemble Rizzo, Joe See D Generation Rizzo, Peter See Gene Loves Jezebel Rizzo, Ray See Days of the New Rjabtzev, Sergey See Gogol Bordello RJD2 54 Roach, Max 12 Roach, Steve 41

Cumulative Musicians Index • 313

See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Robinson, R. B. See Soul Stirrers, The Robinson, Rich See Black Crowes, The Robinson, Romye “Booty Brown” See Pharcyde, The Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Spike 62 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Robinson, Tony “Gad” See Aswad Robison, Emily See Dixie Chicks Rochberg, George 56 Roche, Maggie See Roches, The Roche, Suzzy See Roches, The Roche, Terre See Roches, The Roches, The 18 Rochester, Cornell See Music Revelation Ensemble Rock, D. See Len Rock, Dave See Rilo Kiley Rock, Pete 64 Rock, Richie See Boyzone Rockapella 34 Rockenfield, Scott See Queensryche Rocker, Lee See Stray Cats, The Rocket from the Crypt 52 Rockett, Rikki See Poison Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Rodden, Mike See Hinder Rodford, Jim See Kinks, The Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic Rodgers, Paul See Bad Company Also see Free Rodgers, Richard 9 Rodney, Red 14 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48

Robbins, Charles David See BlackHawk

Roberts, Brad See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Brad See Gwar Roberts, Dan See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Jason See Asleep at the Wheel Roberts, Keith See Young Dubliners Roberts, Ken See Charm Farm Roberts, Marcus 6 Roberts, Mark See Catatonia Roberts, Matt See 3 Doors Down Roberts, Nathan See Flaming Lips Roberts, Paul See Stranglers, The Roberts, Rick See Flying Burrito Brothers Roberts, Sam 59 Roberts, Steve See Exploited, The Robertson, Allison See Donnas, The Robertson, Brian See Motörhead Also see Thin Lizzy Robertson, Ed See Barenaked Ladies Robertson, Mark See Los Lonely Boys Robertson, Robbie 2 Also see Band, The Robertson, Rowan See VAST Robeson, Paul 8 Robi, Paul See Platters, The Robie, Milton See Memphis Jug Band Robillard, Duke 49 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Roomful of Blues Robinson, Arnold See Nylons, The Robinson, Chris See Black Crowes, The Robinson, Cynthia See Sly & the Family Stone Robinson, Darren See Fat Boys, The Robinson, Darren See Phantom Planet

Robbins, J See Jawbox

Robinson, David See Cars, The

Rodriguez, Omar See At The Drive-In

Rodriguez-Lopez, Marcel See Mars Volta, The Rodriguez-Lopez, Omar See Mars Volta, The Roe, Kris See Ataris, The Roe, Marty See Diamond Rio Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Roeder, Jason See Neurosis Roeder, Klaus See James Gang Roeder, Klaus See Kraftwerk Roeser, Donald See Blue Oyster Cult Roeser, Eddie “King” See Urge Overkill Roessler, Kira See Black Flag Roger, Ranking See English Beat, The Rogers, Dan See Bluegrass Patriots Rogers, Fred 46 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Norm See Cows, The Also see Jayhawks, The Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rogers, Stan 61 Rogers, Tim See You Am I Rogers, Willie See Soul Stirrers, The Rogerson, Roger See Circle Jerks Rojas, Luciano Andrés See La Ley Rojas, Luciano See La Ley Roland, Dean See Collective Soul Roland, Duane See Molly Hatchet Roland, Ed See Collective Soul Rolie, Gregg See Journey Rolling Stones, The 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Black Flag

Robbins, Marty 9

Robinson, Dawn See En Vogue

Rodriguez, Rico See Skatalites, The Also see Specials, The

Rollins, Winston See Jamiroquai

Roads, Kimberly See Little Big Town Roback, David See Mazzy Star Robb, Doug See Hoobastank

Roberge, Mark See O.A.R. Roberson, LaTavia See Destiny’s Child Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35

Robinson, Justin See Carolina Chocolate Drops Robinson, Louise See Sweet Honey in the Rock Robinson, Prince

Rodriguez, Frank See ? and the Mysterians

Rodriguez, Sal See War Rodriguez, Victor See El Gran Combo

Rollins, Sonny 7

Rolston, Shauna 50 Roman, Anthony See Radio 4 Romanelli, Chris “Junior”

314 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Romano, Ruben See Fu Manchu Romans, Ben See Click Five, The Romantics, The 34 Rombola, Tony See Godsmack Römer, Rainer See Ensemble Modern Romero, Paloma See Slits, The Romich, Jr., Tom See Caustic Resin Romm, Ronald See Canadian Brass, The Rondinelli, Bob See Rainbow Ronettes, The 45 Roney, Wallace 33 Ronson, Mick See Mott the Hoople Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roog, John See Thompson Twins Roomful of Blues 7 Rooney, Joe Don See Rascal Flatts Root, James See Slipknot Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Roper, Dee Dee See Salt-N-Pepa Roper, Reese See Five Iron Frenzy Roper, Todd See Cake Rorschach, Poison Ivy See Cramps, The Rosario 43 Rosario, Papo See El Gran Combo Rosas, Cesar See Los Lobos Rose, Axl See Guns n’ Roses Rose, Felipe See Village People, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Rose, Fred 58

Roth, Ulrich See Scorpions, The

Rose, Johanna Maria See Anonymous 4

Rothchild, Dan See Tonic

Rose, Michael See Black Uhuru

Rothe, Eddie See Searchers, The

Rudd, Roswell 28

See Dru Hill Ruffins, Kermit See Rebirth Brass Band Ruffy, Dave See Aztec Camera Also see Waterboys, The Ruiz, Francis See Great White Ruley, Yuri See MxPx Rumba Club 36 Rumbel, Nancy See Tingstad & Rumbel Rumsey, Vern See Unwound Run See Run DMC Run DMC 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 RuPaul 20 Rusby, Kate 29 Rush 8 Rush, Otis 12 Rushakoff, Harry See Concrete Blonde Rushen, Patrice 49 Rushing, Jimmy 37 Rushlow, Tim See Little Texas Russel See Gorillaz Russell, Alecia See Sounds of Blackness Russell, Alistair See Battlefield Band, The Russell, Allison See Po’ Girl Russell, Arthur 50 Russell, Graham See Air Supply Russell, Hal See Flying Luttenbachers, The Russell, Jack See Great White Russell, John See Steppenwolf Russell, Joseph See Persuasions, The Russell, Leon 35 Russell, Mark 6 Russell, Martin See Afro Celt Sound System Russell, Mike See Shudder to Think Russell, Pee Wee 25 Russell, Tom 26

Rose, Morgan See Sevendust

Rother, Michael See Neu!

Rudolph, Paul See Hawkwind

Russo, Jeff See Tonic

Rose, Tim 41

Rotheray, Dave See Beautiful South

Rue, Caroline See Hole

Russo, Marc See Yellowjackets Rust Epique See Crazy Town

Rose, Fisher See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers

Rosen, Gary See Rosenshontz

See Spyro Gyra Rosenshontz 9 Rosenthal, David See Rainbow Rosenthal, Jurgen See Scorpions, The Rosenthal, Phil See Seldom Scene, The Rosenworcel, Brian See Guster Rosman, Ronnie See Tommy James and the Shondells Rosnes, Renée 44 Ross, Annie See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Ross, Don 65 Ross, Jason See Seven Mary Three Ross, Malcolm See Aztec Camera Ross, Rick 61 Ross, Ryan See Panic! at the Disco Rossdale, Gavin See Bush Rosser, Hamish See Vines, The Rossi, Francis See Status Quo Rossi, John See Roomful of Blues Rossington, Gary See Lynyrd Skynyrd Rossy, Jose See Weather Report Rostill, John See Shadows, The Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Roswell, Stewart “Rosco” See Spacemen 3 Rota, Nino 13 Roth, C. P. See Blessid Union of Souls Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roth, Gabrielle 26

See Lydon, John Also see Sex Pistols, The Roumain, Daniel 54 Rourke, Andy See Killing Joke Also see Smiths, The Rouse, Christopher 41 Rouse, Josh 42 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Rowan, Peter 51 Rowberry, Dave See Animals, The Rowe, Dwain See Restless Heart Rowe, Keith See AMM Rowe, Simon See Mojave 3 Rowland, Kelly 64 Also see Destiny’s Child Rowland, Kevin See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Rowlands, Bruce See Fairport Convention Rowlands, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Rowlands, Tom See Chemical Brothers, The Rowley, Andy See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Rowntree, Dave See Blur Roxette 23 Roxy Music 39 Roy, Jimmy See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Crown Revue 33 Royal Trux 29 Royer, Robb See Bread Rubano, Matt See Taking Back Sunday Rube Waddell 29 Rubin, Mark See Bad Livers, The Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Rubio, Paulina 39 Rucker, Darius See Hootie and the Blowfish Ru-D See Mudvayne Rudd, Phillip See AC/DC

Rothwell, Evelyn 35

Ruff Endz 41

Rosen, Peter See War

Rotsey, Martin See Midnight Oil

Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The

Rosenblatt, Joel

Rotten, Johnny

Ruffin, Tamir

Rusted Root 26 Rutherford, Mike

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Genesis Also see Mike & the Mechanics Rutherford, Paul See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Rutmanis, Kevin See Cows, The Rutsey, John See Rush Ruttan, Hans See Gathering, The Ruttan, Rene See Gathering, The Ryan, Cathie See Cherish the Ladies Ryan, David See Lemonheads, The Ryan, Mark See Country Joe and the Fish Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Ryan, Mick See Dave Clark Five, The Ryan, Pat “Taco” See Asleep at the Wheel Rybska, Agnieszka See Rasputina Ryder, Mitch 23 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Röyksopp 57 Ryland, Jack See Three Dog Night RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Rzab, Greg See Black Crowes, The Rzewski, Frederic 57 Rzeznik, Johnny See Goo Goo Dolls, The S Club 7 37 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Saariaho, Kaija 43 Sabo, Dave See Bon Jovi Also see Skid Row Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sadier, Laetitia See Stereolab Sadies, The 53 Saffery, Anthony See Cornershop Saffron See Republica Safina, Alessandro 42 Sage, Danny See D Generation Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The

Sais, Fausto See Banda el Recodo Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salama, Kareem 65 Salazar, Arion See Third Eye Blind Salem, Kevin 32 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Saliers, Emily See Indigo Girls Salisbury, Peter See Verve, The Saliva 38 Sally, Zak See Low Salmon, Michael See Prefab Sprout Salnikova, Lydia See Bering Strait Saloman, Nick See Bevis Frond Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Salt-N-Pepa 6 Saltzman, Jeff See Sunset Valley Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salv See Carter USM Salvador, Henri 48 Sam and Dave 8 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Sampson, Caleb See Alloy Orchestra Sampson, Doug See Iron Maiden Sams, Dean See Lonestar Samson, J.D. See Le Tigre Samuels, Dave See Spyro Gyra Samuelson, Gar See Megadeth Samuelsson, Marie 47 Samwell-Smith, Paul See Yardbirds, The San Basilio, Paloma 60 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sanchez 38 Sanchez, Claudio See Coheed and Cambria Sánchez, David 40 Sanchez, Michel See Deep Forest Sanchez, Paul See Cowboy Mouth

Saint Etienne 28

Sanchez, Pedro See Los Bukis

Saint Vicious See Kottonmouth Kings

Sanctuary, Gary See Aztec Camera

Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saints, The 40

Sanders, Ed See Fugs, The

Saint-Saëns, Camille 25

Sanders, Pharoah 28

Cumulative Musicians Index • 315

Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sanders, Ric See Fairport Convention Sanders, Steve See Oak Ridge Boys, The Sanderson, Neil See Three Days Grace Sandison, Michael See Boards of Canada Sandler, Adam 19 Sandman, Mark See Morphine Sandmel, Ben See Hackberry Ramblers Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sandoval, Hope See Mazzy Star Sandoval, Jesse See Shins, The Sandoval, Sonny See P.O.D. Sands, Aaron See Jars of Clay Sandsten, Fredrik See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Sanford, Gary See Aztec Camera Sangare, Oumou 22 Sanger, David See Asleep at the Wheel Sansone, Pat See Autumn Defense, The Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sant’ Ambrogio, Sara See Eroica Trio Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santana, Juelz 58 Santiago, Herman See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Santiago, Joey See Pixies, The Santos, Domingo See El Gran Combo

Saryglar, Alexei See Huun-Huur-Tu Sasaki, Mamiko See Pizzicato Five Also see Pulp Sasha 39 Satchell, Clarence “Satch” See Ohio Players Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Saunders, Peter See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Saunders, Scott See Sons of the Desert Saunier, Greg See Deerhoof Savage, Paul See Delgados, The Savage, Rick See Def Leppard Savage, Scott See Jars of Clay Savage Garden 32 Savall, Jordi 44 Saves the Day 59 Saville, Christian See Slowdive Savoy, Ann 47 Savoy, Rob See Cowboy Mouth Savoy Brown 56 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Sawyer, Phil See Spencer Davis Group Sawyer, Ray See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Saxa See English Beat, The Saxon, Stan See Dave Clark Five, The Scabies, Rat See Damned, The Scaccia, Mike See Ministry Scaggs, Boz 12

Sanz, Alejandro 35

Scaggs, Shawn See Atomic Fireballs, The

Saporta, Gabe See Cobra Starship

Scales See Nappy Roots

Sapphire, Cylindra See Mediaeval Baebes

Scallions, Brett See Fuel

Sarabia, Aldo See Banda el Recodo

Scally, Alex See Beach House

Sarabia, Carlos See Banda el Recodo

Scalzo, Tony See Fastball

Sarabia, Victor See Banda el Recodo

Scanlan, Deirdre See Solas

Saraceno, Blues See Poison

Scanlon, Craig See Fall, The

Sargent, Gray See Ralph Sharon Quartet

Scanlon, Phil See Idlewild

316 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Scannell, Matt See Vertical Horizon Scantlin, Wes See Puddle of Mudd Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schacher, Mel See Grand Funk Railroad Also see ? and the Mysterians Schafer, Danny See Screeching Weasel Schafer, Gustav See Tokio Hotel Scharin, Doug 32 Schayer, Bobby See Bad Religion Scheidt, Dean Norman See Lane, Fred Schelhaas, Jan See Camel Also see Caravan Schellard, Martin See Spiritualized Schellenbach, Kate See Luscious Jackson Schemel, Patty See Hole Schenker, Michael See Scorpions, The Schenker, Rudolf See Scorpions, The Schenkman, Eric See Spin Doctors Schermie, Joe See Three Dog Night Scherpenzeel, Ton See Camel Scheuchzer, Michael See MercyMe Schick, Steven See Bang on a Can All-Stars Schickele, Karla See Ida Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schlesinger, Adam See Fountains of Wayne Schlitt, John See Petra Schloss, Zander See Circle Jerks, The Schmelling, Johannes See Tangerine Dream Schmersal, John See Brainiac Schmid, Daniel See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Schmid, Don See Northern Pikes, The Schmidt, Irmin See Can Schmit, Timothy See Eagles, The Schmoovy Schmoove See Digital Underground

Schneck, Jonathan See Relient K Schneider, Carmen See Mediaeval Baebes Schneider, Christoph See Rammstein Schneider, Florian See James Gang Schneider, Florian See Kraftwerk Schneider, Fred III See B-52’s, The Schneider, Maria 48 Schneider, Robert See Apples in Stereo Schneider, Stefan See To Rococo Rot Schneiderman, Leon See Oingo Boingo Schnelle, Deborah See Sierra Schnier, Al See moe. Schnitzler, Conrad See Tangerine Dream Schock, Gina See Go-Go’s, The Schoenbeck, Scott See Promise Ring, The Scholl, Andreas 38 Scholten, Jim See Sawyer Brown Scholz, Tom See Boston Schon, Neal See Journey Schönfeldt, Fredrik See Wannadies, The Schönfeldt, Stefan See Wannadies, The Schools, Dave See Widespread Panic Schorr, Michael See Death Cab for Cutie Schramm, Dave See Yo La Tengo Schroader, Doni See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Schrody, Erik See House of Pain Also see Everlast Schroer, Oliver 29 Schroyder, Steve See Tangerine Dream Schulman, Mark See Foreigner Schulz, Guenter See KMFDM

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Spyro Gyra Schuman, William 10 Schütze, Paul 32 Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Schwab, Andrew See Project 86 Schwartz, Dorothy See Chordettes, The Schwartz, Elisa See Cobra Starship Schwartz, Will See Imperial Teen Schwartzberg, Alan See Mountain Schwartzman, Jason See Phantom Planet Schwartzman, Josh See Rumba Club Schwarz, Brinsley See Brinsley Schwarz Schwarz, Gerard 45 Schweizer, Irène 46 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scissor Sisters 61 Sciubba, Sabina See Brazilian Girls Sclavunos, Jim See Congo Norvell Scofield, John 7 Scorpions, The 12 Scott, Andrew See Sloan Scott, Andy See Sweet Scott, Darrell 54 Scott, George See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Scott, Howard See War Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Scott, Jimmy 14 Scott, Josey See Saliva Scott, Martin See Aereogramme Scott, Mike See Waterboys, The Scott, Ronald Belford “Bon” See AC/DC Scott, Sherry See Earth, Wind and Fire Scott, Simon See Slowdive Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Screaming Trees 19

See ESG Scroggins, Renee See ESG Scroggins, Valerie See ESG Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seales, Jim See Shenandoah Seals, Brady See Little Texas Seals, Dan 9 Seals, Jim See Seals & Crofts Seals & Crofts 3 Seaman, Ken See Bluegrass Patriots Searchers, The 41 Sears, Pete See Jefferson Starship Sebadoh 26 Sebastian, John See Lovin’ Spoonful Sebesky, Don 33 Sebestyén, Márta 47 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Secrest, Wayne See Confederate Railroad Sed, Billy See Giant Sand Sedaka, Neil 4 Seeger, Peggy 25 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Seger, Bob 15 Seger, David See Giant Sand Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Seidel, Martie See Dixie Chicks Selah 61 Selberg, Shannon See Cows, The Seldom Scene, The 4 Selena 16 Seligman, Matthew See Thompson Twins Sellars, Rodney See Sense Field Sellers, Jim See Stabbing Westward

Screeching Weasel 48

Selvidge, Steve See Lucero

Schulzberg, Robert See Placebo

Scroggins, Chistelle See ESG

Schulze, Klaus See Tangerine Dream

Scroggins, Deborah See ESG

Schumaker, Dirk See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy

Scroggins, Marie See ESG

Semko, Jay See Northern Pikes, The

Schuman, Tom

Scroggins, Nicole

Sen Dog

Selway, Phil See Radiohead Semisonic 32

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Cypress Hill Senior, Milton See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Senior, Russell See Pulp Senior, Scott See Duhks, The Sennett, Blake See Rilo Kiley Sense Field 39 Sensi See Soul II Soul Sensible, Captain See Damned, The Sepultura 12 Seraphine, Daniel See Chicago Sergeant, Will See Echo and the Bunnymen Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Serneholt, Marie See A*Teens Serrato, Eddie See ? and the Mysterians Setari, Craig See Sick of It All Sete, Bola 26 Settles, Walter See Fairfield Four Setzer, Brian 32 Also see Stray Cats, The Setzer, Philip See Emerson String Quartet Seven Mary Three 39 Sevendust 37 7L See 7L & Esoteric 7L & Esoteric 63 Seventy Sevens, The 46 Severin, Steven See Siouxsie and the Banshees Severinsen, Doc 1 Seward, Andrew See Against Me! Sewell, Geoff See Amici Forever Sex Pistols, The 5 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sexton, Chad See 311 Sexton, Martin 41 Seymour, Neil See Crowded House Shabalala, Ben See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Thulani See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabo, Eric See Atomic Fireballs, The Shack, Richard See James Gang Shade, Will See Memphis Jug Band Shadow, DJ 19 Shadows, The 22 Shaffer, James See Korn Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaffer, Robby See MercyMe Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shaggy 2 Dope See Insane Clown Posse Shaham, Gil 35 Shai 23 Shakespeare, Robbie See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shakur, Tupac See 2Pac Shallenberger, James See Kronos Quartet Shamen, The 23 Shane, Bob See Kingston Trio, The Shangri-Las, The 35 Shanice 14 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shannon, Del 10 Shannon, Sarah See Velocity Girl Shannon, Sean See Molly Hatchet Shannon, Sharon See Waterboys, The Shanté 10 Shapey, Ralph 42 Shapiro, Jim See Veruca Salt Shapiro, Lee See Four Seasons, The Shapiro, Steve See Imperials, The Shapps, Andre See Big Audio Dynamite

Shabalala, Headman See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Sharkey, Feargal See Undertones, The

Shabalala, Jockey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Sharon, Lois & Bram 6

Shabalala, Joseph See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Msizi See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Sibongiseni

Cumulative Musicians Index • 317

Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharp, Laura See Sweet Honey in the Rock Sharp, Matt See Rentals, The Also see Weezer Sharpe, Ray 53 Sharpe, Trevor See Mediaeval Baebes Sharpe, Trevor See Minty Sharrock, Chris See Lightning Seeds Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Adrian See Bevis Frond Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Ethan See Derailers, The Shaw, James See Broken Social Scene Shaw, Lisa See Blue Six Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Martin See Jamiroquai Shaw, Robert 32 Shaw, Tommy See Styx Shaw, Woody 27 Shay, Todd See SonicFlood Shea, Tom See Scud Mountain Boys Sheaff, Lawrence See AMM Sheaffer, Todd See Railroad Earth Shearer, Harry See Spinal Tap Shearing, George 28 Shears, Jake See Scissor Sisters Shears, Steve See Ultravox SHeDAISY 36 Shedden, Iain See Saints, The Sheehan, Billy See Mr. Big Sheehan, Billy See Niacin Sheehan, Bobby See Blues Traveler Sheehan, Fran See Boston Sheep on Drugs 27

Shellac 46 Shellenberger, Allen See Lit Shelley, Peter See Buzzcocks, The Shelley, Steve See Sonic Youth Shelton, Blake 45 Shelton, Seb See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Shenandoah 17 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepard, Kevin See Tonic Shepard, Vonda 35 Shepherd, Brad See Hoodoo Gurus Shepherd, Hunter “Ben” See Soundgarden Shepherd, John See Northwoods Improvisers Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shepp, Archie 43 Sheppard, Rodney See Sugar Ray Sherba, John See Kronos Quartet, The Sherinian, Derek See Dream Theater Sherman, Jack See Red Hot Chili Peppers Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shezbie, Derrick See Rebirth Brass Band Shields, Kevin See My Bloody Valentine Shiflett, Chris See Foo Fighters Shiflett, Scott See Face to Face Shifty Shellshock See Crazy Town Shihad 34 Shilton, Paul See Quickspace Shimada, Noriko See Ensemble Modern Shines, Johnny 14 Shinoda, Mike See Linkin Park Shins, The 52 Shipp, Matthew 31 Shirelles, The 11 Shirley, Danny See Confederate Railroad Shirley, Jerry See Humble Pie

Sheeran, Phil 51 Sheik, Duncan 32

Shively, William See Big Mountain

Sharon, Ralph See Ralph Sharon Quartet

Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Shives, Andrew See Fear Factory

Sharp, Alexander See Orioles, The

Sheldon, George See Blue Mountain

Shock G See Digital Underground

Sharp, Dave See Alarm

Sheldon, Scott See Guttermouth

Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Shivaree 60

318 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Shocklee, Hank 15 Shogren, Dave See Doobie Brothers, The Shonen Knife 13 Shontz, Bill See Rosenshontz Shore, Dinah 36 Shore, Howard 48 Shore, Pete See Boss Hog Short, Bobby 55 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Shovell See M People Showalter, Ricky See Liquid Soul Showtime, Johnny See Liquid Soul Shrat, Christian See Amon Duul II Shreve, Floyd See Hackberry Ramblers Shuck, Ryan See Orgy Shudder to Think 20 Shuffield, Joey See Fastball Shyne 54 Sia 64 Siberry, Jane 6 Sice See Boo Radleys, The Sick of It All 41 Sidelnyk, Steve See Aztec Camera Sidney, Hilarie See Apples in Stereo Siebels, Jon See Eve 6 Siebenberg, Bob See Supertramp Siebert, Chris See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Siegal, Janis See Manhattan Transfer, The Sierra 60 Sigel, Beanie 55 Signorelli, Mark See Swell Sigur Rós 31 Sikes, C. David See Boston Silk 26 Silk, Garnett 39 Sill, Judee 61 Sills, Beverly 5 Silly Wizard 36 Silva, Alan 45 Silva, Kenny Jo See Beaver Brown Band, The

See Type O Negative Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 63 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Silveria, David See Korn Silverstein, Shel 51 Silvester, Andy See Savoy Brown Silvestri, Alan 37 Simeon See Silver Apples Simien, Terrance 12 Simins, Russell See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Simmonds, Kim See Savoy Brown Simmons, Gene See Kiss Simmons, Joe “Run” See Run DMC Simmons, Patrick See Doobie Brothers, The Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Simmons, Trinna See Spearhead Simms, Nick See Cornershop Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon, Robin See Ultravox Simon and Garfunkel 24 Simonal, Wilson 33 Simone, Nina 11 Simonian, Ashod See Earlimart Simonon, Paul See Clash, The Simons, Ed See Chemical Brothers, The Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Denis See Nylons, The Simpson, Derrick “Gong” See Black Uhuru Simpson, Gerald See 808 State Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Simpson, Lester See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Simpson, Mark See Flotsam and Jetsam Simpson, Mel See US3

Silver, Horace 19

Simpson, Mike See Dust Brothers

Silver, Josh

Simpson, Ray

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Village People, The Simpson, Rose See Incredible String Band Simpson, Tom See Snow Patrol Sims, David William See Jesus Lizard Sims, Matt See Citizen King Sims, Neil See Catherine Wheel Sims, Rick See Supersuckers Sims, Zoot 37 Sin, Will See Shamen, The Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sinclair, David See Camel Also see Caravan Sinclair, Eon See Bedouin Soundclash Sinclair, Gord See Tragically Hip, The Sinclair, Richard See Camel Also see Caravan Sinfield, Peter See King Crimson Singer, Eric See Black Sabbath Also see Kiss Singh, Talvin 44 See Massive Attack Singh, Tjinder See Cornershop Singletary, Daryle 41 Sinn, Ryan See Angels & Airwaves Sioux, Siouxsie See Siouxsie and the Banshees Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Sir Rap-A-Lot See Geto Boys, The Sirois, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sissokho, Moussa See Afro Celt Sound System Sister Bliss See Faithless Sister Hazel 34 Sister Sledge 37 Siverton See Specials, The

Size, Roni 31 Sizzla 36 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Skatalites, The 18 Skeete, Beverley See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Skehan, John See Railroad Earth Skeoch, Tommy See Tesla Sketch See 23 Skidoo Skiba, Matt See Alkaline Trio Skid Row 48 Skill, Mike See Romantics, The Skillet 54 Skillings, Muzz See Living Colour Skinny DeVille See Nappy Roots Skinny Puppy 17 Sklamberg, Lorin See Klezmatics, The Skold, Tim See Marilyn Manson Skoob See Das EFX Skopelitis, Nicky See Golden Palominos Skunk Anansie 27 Slade 54 Slash See Guns n’ Roses Slater, Luke 38 Slater, Rodney See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Slatkin, Leonard 41 Slattery, Mick See Hawkwind Slay, Gregory See Remy Zero Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Slean, Sarah 65 Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Sledd, Dale See Osborne Brothers, The Sledge, Debbie See Sister Sledge Sledge, Joni See Sister Sledge Sledge, Kathy See Sister Sledge

Six by Seven 35

Sledge, Kim See Sister Sledge

Sixpence None the Richer 26

Sledge, Percy 15

Sixx, Nikki See Mötley Crüe

Sledge, Robert See Ben Folds Five

Sixx, Roger See Less Than Jake

Sleet, Nicole See Mediaeval Baebes

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Slesinger, Bruce “Ted” See Dead Kennedys Slichter, Jake See Semisonic Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slick Rick 27 Slife, Gibb See Les Savy Fav Slijngaard, Ray See 2 Unlimited Slim See 112 Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Sloan, Allen See Dixie Dregs Sloan, Eliot See Blessid Union of Souls Sloane, Carol 36 Sloas, Jimmie Lee See Imperials, The Slobberbone 38 Slocum, Matt See Sixpence None the Richer Slovak, Hillel See Red Hot Chili Peppers Slowdive 40 Slum Village 51 Sly, Randy “Ginger” See Atomic Fireballs, The Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Sly & the Family Stone 24 Slye, Leonard Franklin See Sons of the Pioneers Small, Heather See M People Small, Phil See Cold Chisel Smalley, Dave See Down By Law Smalley, Dave See Raspberries

Cumulative Musicians Index • 319

Smelly See NOFX Smith, Aaron See Seventy Sevens, The Smith, Adrian See Iron Maiden Smith, Allen See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, Andrew See Danielson Smith, Bessie 3 Smith, Brad See Blind Melon Smith, Chad See Red Hot Chili Peppers Smith, Charles See Kool & the Gang Smith, Chas See Cobra Verde Smith, Chris See Van der Graaf Generator Smith, Claydes See Kool & the Gang Smith, Clifford See Method Man Smith, Curt See Tears for Fears Smith, Daniel See Danielson Smith, Davis See Danielson Smith, Debbie See Curve Also see Echobelly Smith, Elin See Danielson Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Fran See Hooters Smith, Fred See Blondie Smith, Fred See MC5, The Smith, Fred See Television Smith, Garth See Buzzcocks, The Smith, Graham See Van der Graaf Generator Smith, Greg See Rainbow

Smith, Kevin See dc Talk Smith, Lavay See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, “Legs” Larry See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Smith, Mark E. See Fall, The Smith, Martin See Delirious? Smith, Megan See Danielson Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Smith, Mike See Dave Clark Five, The Smith, Mike See Paul Revere & The Raiders Smith, Parrish See EPMD Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smith, Paul See Imperials, The Smith, Rachel See Danielson Smith, Rick See Underworld Smith, Robert See Cure, The Smith, Robert See Spinners, The Smith, Roger See Tower of Power Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees Smith, Sammi 48 Smith, Scott See Loverboy Smith, Shannon See Imperials, The

Smith, James “Smitty” See Three Dog Night

Smith, Steve See Dirty Vegas

Smart, Terence See Butthole Surfers

Smith, Jerome See KC and the Sunshine Band

Smith, Steve See Journey

Smart II, N.D. See Mountain

Smith, Jimmy 30

Smith, Stewart See Delirious?

Smash, Chas See Madness

Smith, Jocelyn B. 30

Smalls, Derek See Spinal Tap Smárason, Övar Poreyjarson See Múm Smarr, Rod See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Smash Mouth 27 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Smear, Pat See Foo Fighters Also see Germs, The

Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Joe See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Smith, Keely 29 Smith, Kelly See Flotsam and Jetsam Smith, Kendra See Dream Syndicate

Smith, Shawn See Brad Smith, Simon See Wedding Present, The Smith, Smitty See Three Dog Night Smith, Spencer See Panic! at the Disco Smith, Spike See Damned, The

Smith, Tim See Jellyfish Smith, Todd See Selah Smith, Tommy 28 Smith, Tweed See War Smith, Tyler

See Guttermouth Smith, Wendy See Prefab Sprout Smith, Whit See Hot Club of Cowtown Smith, Willie 58 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Smith, Zachary See Loud Family, The Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smits, Bart See Gathering, The Smog 28 Smyth, Gilli See Gong Smyth, Joe See Sawyer Brown Smythe, Danny See Box Tops, The Sneaker Pimps 60 Sneed, Floyd Chester See Three Dog Night Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Snoop Doggy Dogg See Snoop Doog Snouffer, Alex “Alex St. Clair” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Snow 23 Snow, Don See Squeeze Snow, Hank 29 Snow, Phoebe 4 Snow Patrol 59 Snyder, Richard “Midnight Hatsize Snyder” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Soan, Ashley See Del Amitri Sobule, Jill 20 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sodergren, Kurt See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Soft Cell 43 Soft Machine 36 Sokolof, Alan See Four Lads, The Solal, Martial 4 Solas 34 Solem, Phil See Rembrandts, The Solinger, Johnny See Skid Row Solis, Joel See Los Bukis Solis, Marco Antonio See Los Bukis Solis, Marco 56 Sollenberger, Isobel See Bardo Pond

320 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Soloff, Lew See Blood, Sweat and Tears Solowka, Peter See Wedding Present, The Solti, Georg 13 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Son by Four 35 Son Volt 21 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Sonefeld, Jim See Hootie and the Blowfish Songs: Ohia 49 Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 SonicFlood 51 Sonique 45 Sonnenberg, Nadja Salerno See Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja Sonni, Jack See Dire Straits Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sonnier, Lennis See Hackberry Ramblers Sonny and Cher 24 Sons of the Desert 44 Sons of the Pioneers 53 Soraya 46 Sorum, Matt See Cult, The Sosa, Mercedes 3 Sosna, Rudolf See Faust Soto, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Soucie, Michael See Surfin’ Pluto Soul Asylum 10 Soul Coughing 21 Soul II Soul 17 Soule, Mickey Lee See Rainbow Soulfly 33 Soulive 44 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Soundgarden 6 Sounds of Blackness 13 Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56 Sousa, John Philip 10 South, Joe 59 Southerland, Bill See Kilgore Southern Culture on the Skids 42 Spacehog 29 Spacemen 3 31 Spag See Mudvayne Spaghetti, Eddie See Supersuckers Spall, Rob See Soft Machine Spampinato, Joey See NRBQ Spampinato, Johnny See NRBQ Spaniels, The 43

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Spann, Otis 18 Sparhawk, Alan See Low Sparks 18 Sparks, Brett See Handsome Family, The Sparks, Chris “Cornbread” See Workhorse Movement, The Sparks, Donita See L7 Sparks, Rennie See Handsome Family, The Spasic, Goran See Boban Markovic Orkestar Spasic, Srdjan See Boban Markovic Orkestar Spaulding, James See World Saxophone Quartet Spaulding, Neal Otto See Two Dollar Pistols Spear, Roger Ruskin See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Speare, Paul See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Spearhead 19 Spearin, Charles See Broken Social Scene Spearman, Glenn 55 Spearritt, Hannah See S Club 7 Spears, Britney 28 Special Ed 16 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Speech See Arrested Development Speedo See Rocket from the Crypt Speiser, Jerry See Men at Work Spektor, Regina 60 Spellman, Jim See Velocity Girl Spence, Alexander “Skip” See Jefferson Airplane Also see Moby Grape Spence, Alister See Clarion Fracture Zone Spence, Cecil See Israel Vibration Spence, Skip See Spence, Alexander “Skip”

Also see Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Spencer, Thad See Jayhawks, The Spencer, Vernon Tim See Sons of the Pioneers Spencer Davis Group 19 Sperske, Aaron See Pernice Brothers Spice Girls 22 Spiderbait 39 Spillane, Davy 48 Spillane, Scott See Neutral Milk Hotel Spin Doctors 14 Spinal Tap 8 Spindt, Don See Aqua Velvets Spinners, The 21 Spiral Starecase 51 Spirit 22 Spiritualized 43 Spiteri, Sharleen See Texas Spitz, Dan See Anthrax Spitz, Dave See Black Sabbath Spivey, Victoria 44 Sponberg, Nicol See Selah Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Spooner, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Spoons, Sam See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Spring, Keith See NRBQ Spring Heel Jack 30 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Sproule, Daithi See Altan Sprout, Tobin See Guided By Voices Spruance, Trey See Mr. Bungle

See Hawkwind Stacy, Jeremy See Aztec Camera Staehely, Al See Spirit Staehely, J. Christian See Spirit Stafford, Jimmy See Train Stafford, Jo 24 Stafford, Tim See Blue Highway Stahl, Franz See Foo Fighters Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Staley, Layne See Alice in Chains Staley, Tom See NRBQ Stalling, Carl 50 Stallings, Ron See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stamey, Chris See dB’s, The Stamp, Leroy See Paragons, The Stampley, Joe 51 Stanier, John See Helmet Stanisic, Ched See Cobra Verde Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stanley, Bob See Saint Etienne Stanley, Ian See Tears for Fears Stanley, Paul See Kiss Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Steve See Lowest of the Low Stansfield, Lisa 9 Stanshall, Vivian See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Stanton, Phil See Blue Man Group Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Spyro Gyra 34

Staples, Neville See Specials, The

Squeeze 5

Staples, Pops 11

Squire, Chris See Yes

Stapp, Scott See Creed

Spencer, Bruce See Seventy Sevens, The

Squire, John See Stone Roses, The

Starcrunch See Man or Astroman?

Spencer, Dan See O.C. Supertones, The

Squires, Rob See Big Head Todd and the Monsters

Starflyer 59 50

Spencer, Jeremy See Fleetwood Mac Spencer, Jim See Dave Clark Five, The Spencer, Jon See Boss Hog

Squirrel Nut Zippers 20 Stabbing Westward 35 Stacey, Peter “Spider” See Pogues, The Stacia

Starker, Janos 32 Starkey, Kathryn La Verne See Starr, Kay Starkey, Richard See Starr, Ringo Starks, Tia Juana See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Starling, John See Seldom Scene, The Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Kay 27 Starr, Mike See Alice in Chains Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Starship See Jefferson Airplane Statler Brothers, The 8 Staton, Candi 45 Status Quo 40 Stax, John See Pretty Things, The St. Cin, Steve See Beulah Stead, David See Beautiful South Steady See Minty Steaks, Chuck See Quicksilver Messenger Service Stebbins, Jone See Imperial Teen Steel, Chris See Alexisonfire Steel, John See Animals, The Steel, Richard See Spacehog Steel Pulse 14 Steele, Billy See Sounds of Blackness Steele, David See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Steele, Davy See Battlefield Band, The Steele, Jeffrey See Boy Howdy Steele, Michael “Micki” See Bangles, The Also see Runaways, The Steele, Peter See Type O Negative

See Blondie Stein, Hal See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stein, Laura See Pernice Brothers Steinberg, Lewis See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Steinberg, Sebastian See Soul Coughing Steinhardt, Robby See Kansas Stens, Juston See Dr. Dog Stephens, Jody See Big Star Stephens, Jody See Golden Smog Stephens, Kai See Hard-Fi Stephenson, Van Wesley See BlackHawk Steppenwolf 20 Sterban, Richard See Oak Ridge Boys, The Stereo MC’s 34 Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stereophonics 29 Sterling, Jay See Love Sterling, Lester See Skatalites, The Stern, Isaac 7 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Steve See Carter USM Steve See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Stevens, April See Nino Tempo & April Stevens Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Rachel See S Club 7 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Rick See Tower of Power Stevens, Roger See Blind Melon

Cumulative Musicians Index • 321

Stevie D. See Buckcherry Steward, Pat See Odds Stewart, Andy M. See Silly Wizard Stewart, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Dave See Eurythmics Stewart, Derrell See Florida Boys, The Stewart, Derrick “Fatlip” See Pharcyde, The Stewart, Eric See 10cc Stewart, Freddie See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, Ian See Rolling Stones, The Stewart, Jamie See Cult, The Stewart, John See Kingston Trio, The Stewart, Larry See Restless Heart Stewart, Mark See Bang on a Can All-Stars Stewart, Natalie See Floetry Stewart, Reggie See Rebirth Brass Band Stewart, Rex See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Stewart, Robert See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stewart, Ron See Lynn Morris Band Stewart, Sylvester See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, Tommy See Godsmack Stewart, Tyler See Barenaked Ladies

Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stinson, Bob See Replacements, The Stinson, Tommy See Replacements, The Stipe, Michael See R.E.M. Also see Golden Palominos Stirratt, John See Autumn Defense, The Stirratt, John See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Stirratt, Laurie See Blue Mountain Stitt, Sonny 59 St. James, Rebecca 26 St. John, Mark See Kiss St. Marie, Buffy See Sainte-Marie, Buffy St. Nicholas, Nick See Steppenwolf Stock, Barry See Three Days Grace Stockberger, John See Sense Field Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Stockman, Shawn See Boyz II Men Stockwood, Kim 26 Stoeckel, Steve See Spongetones, The Stoermer, Mark See Killers, The Stoker, Gordan See Jordanaires, The Stoll See Clannad Also see Big Mountain Stoller, Mike See Leiber and Stoller Stoltz, Brian See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Stoltzman, Richard 24 Stonadge, Gary See Big Audio Dynamite Stone, Angie 37 Stone, Curtis See Highway 101 Stone, David See Rainbow Stone, Doug 10 Stone, Joss 52

Stevens, Sufjan 57

Stewart, Vaetta See Sly & the Family Stone

Stevens, Tone See Savoy Brown

Stewart, William See Third World

Stefani, Gwen 63

Stevens, Tony See Foghat

Stewart, Winston “Metal” See Mystic Revealers

Stefani, Gwen See No Doubt

Stevens, Vol See Memphis Jug Band

St. Hubbins, David See Spinal Tap

Stefansson, Baldur See Gus Gus

Stevenson, Bill See Black Flag

Sticman See Dead Prez

Stone, Kim See Rippingtons Also see Spyro Gyra

Steier, Rick See Warrant

Stevenson, Don See Moby Grape

Stiff, Jimmy See Jackyl

Stone, Martin See Savoy Brown

Stein, Andy See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen

Stevenson, James See Gene Loves Jezebel

Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash

Stone, Sly 8

Sting 41

Stonehill, Randy 44

Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Steen, Scott See Royal Crown Revue

Stein, Chris

Stever, Travis See Coheed and Cambria

Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14

322 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Stone Roses, The 16 Stookey, Paul See Peter, Paul & Mary Stopholese, Marcus See AFI Storch, Scott 61 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Story, The 13 Stotts, Richie See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Strachan, Andy See Living End, The Stradlin, Izzy See Guns n’ Roses Strain, Sammy See O’Jays, The Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stranglers, The 31 Stratton, Dennis See Iron Maiden Strauss, Richard 25 Stravinsky, Igor 21 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Strawbs 37 Stray Cats, The 11 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Street, Richard See Temptations, The Streets, The 50 Strehli, Angela 58 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strickland, Keith See B-52’s, The String Trio of New York 40 String Cheese Incident, The 34 Stringer, Gary See Reef Strokes, The 37 Strömberg, Lars See (International Stroud, Mike See Ratatat Strouse, Charles 43 Strummer, Joe See Clash, The

Stuart, Hamish See Average White Band

Stubblefield, John See Lucero Stubbs, Levi See Four Tops, The Stucky, Steven 55 Studdard, Ruben 61 Stump, Patrick See Fall Out Boy Stumpf, Lawrence See French Kicks Stumpf, Nick See French Kicks Sturmer, Andy See Jellyfish Sturr, Jimmy 33 St. Werner, Jan See Mouse on Mars Styne, Jule 21 Styrene, Poly See X-Ray Spex Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Suarez, Alex See Cobra Starship Sub Commander Ras I Zulu See Spearhead Subdudes, The 18 Sublime 19 Such, Alec John See Bon Jovi Sucherman, Todd See Styx Suchy, Renee See Pursuit of Happiness, The Sudden, Nikki 59 Suede 20 Suede, John See Culture Club Sugar Ray 22 Sugarcubes, The 10 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Sulley, Suzanne See Human League, The Sullivan, Bill See Golden Smog Sullivan, Danny See Beulah Sullivan, Dan See Screeching Weasel Sullivan, Frankie See Survivor Sullivan, Jacqui See Bananarama Sullivan, Jeff See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Sullivan, Justin “Slade the Leveller” See New Model Army

Stuart, Mark See Audio Adrenaline

Sullivan, Kirk See 4Him

Stuart, Marty 9

Sum 41 38

Stuart, Michael See Love

Sumac, Yma 50

Stuart, Peter See Dog’s Eye View

Summer, Mark See Turtle Island String Quartet

Stryi, Wolfgang See Ensemble Modern Strykert, Ron See Men at Work Stryper 2 Stuart, Chad See Chad & Jeremy

Summer, Donna 12

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Summers, Bill See Los Hombres Calientes Sumner, Bernard See Joy Division Also see New Order Sun, Elizabeth See Gogol Bordello Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sundays, The 20 Sundholm, Norm See Kingsmen, The Sun-J See Asian Dub Foundation Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sunset Valley 31 Super DJ Dmitry See Deee-lite Super Furry Animals 28 Superchunk 29 Superdrag 23 Supergrass 30 Supersuckers 50 Supertramp 25 Supremes, The 6 Suptic, Jim See Get Up Kids Suranovitch, George See Love Sure!, Al B. 13 Surfaris, The 23 Surfin’ Pluto 24 Survivor 65 Sutcliffe, Stu See Beatles, The Sutherland, Joan 13 Sutherland, Stacy See 13th Floor Elevators Sutter, Wendy See Bang on a Can All-Stars Suzuki, Kenji “Damo” See Can Sveinsson, Kjartan See Sigur Rós Svenigsson, Magnus See Cardigans Svenonious, Ian See Make-Up, The Svensson, Peter See Cardigans Svigals, Alicia See Klezmatics, The Swan, Billy 60 Also see Beulah Swan Silvertones, The 39 Swanson, Dave See Cobra Verde

Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Michael See Stryper Sweet, Phillip See Little Big Town Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweet, Robert See Stryper Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Swell 31 Swervedriver 31 Swift, Richard See Starflyer 59 Swift, Taylor 65 Swifty See D12 Swing, DeVante See Jodeci Swing Out Sister 40 Swinny, Wayne See Saliva Swinscoe, Jason See Cinematic Orchestra Switches 64 Switchfoot 48 Swizz Beatz 56 Swope, Martin See Mission of Burma SWV 14 Sykes, John See Whitesnake Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Sylvain, Sylvain See New York Dolls Sylvester 53 Sylvester, Terry See Hollies, The Sylvian, David 27 System of a Down 36 T. Rex 11 Tabac, Tony See Joy Division Tabackin, Lew 47 Taboo See Black Eyed Peas Tabor, June 38 Tabor, Ty See King’s X Tabuchi, Shoji 55 Tackett, Fred See Little Feat Tacuma, Jamaaladeen See Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Tadlock, Tom See Tuxedomoon Tafelmusik 49

Swarbrick, Dave See Fairport Convention

Taff See Killing Joke

Swarzenbach, Blake See Jawbreaker

Taff, Russ See Imperials, The

Sweat, Keith 13

TAFKAP (The Artist Formerly Known as Prince)

Sweet 39

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Cumulative Musicians Index • 323

See Prince Taggart, Jeremy See Our Lady Peace Tait, Chris See Fixx, The Tait, Michael See dc Talk Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tajima, Takao See Pizzicato Five Takac, Robby See Goo Goo Dolls, The Takahashi, Maki See Blonde Redhead Takanami, Keitaro See Pizzicato Five Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Takeda, Clint See Bardo Pond Takemitsu, Toru 6 Taking Back Sunday 58 Takizawa, Taishi See Ghost Talamantez, Abel See Kumbia Kings Talbot, Ivor See Divine Comedy, The Talbot, Joby See Divine Comedy, The Talbot, John Michael 6 Talbot, Mick See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Talcum, Joe Jack See Dead Milkmen Talk Talk 19 Talking Heads 1 Tall Paul 36 Talley, Gary See Box Tops, The Talley, Nedra See Ronettes, The Talmy, Shel 52 Tamia 34 Tampa Red 25 Tan Dun 33 Tandy, Richard See Electric Light Orchestra Tangerine Dream 12 Tankian, Serj See System of a Down Tañón, Olga 39 Tantric 36 Taquino, Mike See Normals, The Taree, Aerle See Arrested Development

Tate, Shelby See Remy Zero Tatum, Art 17 Taul, Matt See Days of the New Taul, Matt See Tantric Taupin, Bernie 22 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Aaron See MC Eiht Taylor, Alexis See Hot Chip Taylor, Andy See Duran Duran Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Bill See Angel Corpse Taylor, Cecil 9 Taylor, Chad See Live Taylor, Corey See Slipknot Taylor, Courtney See Dandy Warhols Taylor, Dan See Silver Apples Taylor, Dave See Pere Ubu Taylor, Dick See Rolling Stones, The Taylor, Earl See Country Gentlemen, The Taylor, Gene See Blasters, The Taylor, Isaiah See Baha Men Taylor, James “J.T.” See Kool & the Gang Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, James See Kool & the Gang Taylor, Johnnie See Soul Stirrers, The Taylor, John See Duran Duran Taylor, Kate 30 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Larry See Canned Heat Taylor, Leroy See Soul Stirrers, The

Taylor, Philip “Philthy Animal” See Motörhead Taylor, Robert See Musiq Taylor, Roger Meadows See Queen Taylor, Roger See Duran Duran Taylor, Roger See Nields, The Taylor, Steve 26 Taylor, Steve See Fugs, The Taylor, Steve See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Taylor, Teresa See Butthole Surfers Taylor, Terry See Daniel Amos Taylor, Tim See Brainiac Taylor, Wayne See Blue Highway Taylor, Zola See Platters, The Tea Party 38 Teagarden, Jack 10 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Technotronic 5 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Teel, Jerry See Boss Hog Teena Marie 49 Teenage Fanclub 13 Teer, John See Chatham County Line Tegan and Sara 58 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2 Television 17 Teller, Al 15 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Tempesta, John See White Zombie

Taylor, Madelaine See Silly Wizard

Tate, Aaron See Caedmon’s Call

Taylor, Melvin See Ventures, The

Tate, Buddy 33

Taylor, Mick See Rolling Stones, The Also see Pretty Things, The

Tench, Bobby See Humble Pie

Thi-Lihn Le See Golden Palominos

Teng, Vienna 55

Thin Lizzy 13

Taylor, Otis 60

Tennant, Neil See Pet Shop Boys

Third Day 34

Tennison, Chalee 36

Third World 13

Tate, Cinjun See Remy Zero Tate, Geoff See Queensryche Tate, Howard 45

Taylor, Paul See Rippingtons

Tempesta, Mike “M33” See Powerman 5000 Temple, Johnny See Girls Against Boys Temple, Michelle See Pere Ubu Tempo, Nino See Nino Tempo & April Stevens

10,000 Maniacs 3 Tepper, Jeff “Morris” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Terfel, Bryn 31 Terminator X See Public Enemy Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terrell 32 Terrell, Jean See Supremes, The Terrell, Tammi 49 Terrie See Ex, The Terry, Boyd See Aquabats, The Terry, Clark 24 Terry, Steven See Whiskeytown Terusa, Tony See O.C. Supertones, The Tesh, John 20 Tesla 15 Texas 27 Texas Tornados, The 8 Thacher, Jeff See Rockapella Thacker, Rocky See Shenandoah Thain, Gary See Uriah Heep Thalia 38 Tharp, Al See Beausoleil Tharpe, Sister 47 Thatcher, Jon See Delirious? Thayil, Kim See Soundgarden The The 15 Theaker, Drachen See Love Theile, Jacob See Faint, The Theodore, Jon See Mars Volta, The Theremin, Leon 19 Thes One See People Under The Stairs They Might Be Giants 51 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thielemans, Toots 13

Ten Years After 63

Thiessen, Matt See Relient K

Tenacious D 61

Thievery Corporation 31

10cc 43

Thighpaulsandra See Spiritualized

Temptations, The 3

Tench, Benmont See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Thile, Chris See Nickel Creek

Third Eye Blind 25

324 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Thirsk, Jason See Pennywise 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thistlethwaite, Anthony See Waterboys, The Thomas, Alex See Earth, Wind and Fire Thomas, Banner See Molly Hatchet Thomas, Bob See Silly Wizard Thomas, Chris See Elms, The Thomas, Danny See 13th Floor Elevators Thomas, David Clayton See Clayton-Thomas, David Thomas, David See Pere Ubu Thomas, David See Take 6 Thomas, Dennis “D.T.” See Kool & the Gang Thomas, Edward See Fairfield Four Thomas, George “Fathead” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Thomas, Jacqueline See Brodsky Quartet Thomas, John See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Thomas, Michael See Brodsky Quartet Thomas, Mickey See Jefferson Starship Thomas, Olice See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Thomas, Ollie See Switches Thomas, Owen See Elms, The Thomas, Paul See Good Charlotte Thomas, Ray See Moody Blues, The Thomas, Richard See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Thomas, Rob See Matchbox 20 Thomas, Rob See String Trio of New York Thomas, Rozonda “Chilli” See TLC Thompson, Beachey See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Tingstad, Eric See Tingstad & Rumbel Tingstad & Rumbel 44 Tinsley, Boyd See Dave Matthews Band Tippin, Aaron 12 Tipton, Glenn See Judas Priest Tirio, Dave See Plain White T’s Tisdale, Wayman 61 Tite, Max See Switches TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 To Rococo Rot 31 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Toback, Jeremy See Brad Tobias, Jesse See Red Hot Chili Peppers Tobin, Amon 32 tobyMac 63 Todd, Andy See Republica Todd, Josh See Buckcherry Todd, Mia Doi 52 Todd, Michael See Coheed and Cambria Todesco, Milo See Down By Law Tokio Hotel 65 Tolhurst, Laurence See Cure, The

See Pentangle Thompson, Dennis See MC5, The Thompson, Dougie See Supertramp Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Joe 63 Thompson, Lee See Madness Thompson, Les See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Mayo See Pere Ubu Thompson, Mick See Slipknot Thompson, Paul See Concrete Blonde Also see Roxy Music Thompson, Porl See Cure, The Thompson, Richard 7 Also see Fairport Convention Also see Golden Palominos Thompson, Rudi See X-Ray Spex Thompson, Tony See Chic Thompson Twins 43 Thomson, Kristin See Tsunami Thomson, Paul See Franz Ferdinand Thoranisson, Biggi See Gus Gus Thorn, Christopher See Blind Melon Thorn, Stan See Shenandoah Thorn, Tracey See Everything But The Girl Also see Massive Attack Thornalley, Phil See Cure, The Thornburg, Lee See Supertramp Also see Tower of Power Thorne, Rob See Spongetones, The Thornell, Brian See Earlimart Thornhill, Leeroy See Prodigy Thornton, Big Mama 18 Thornton, De’Mario “Raz-B” See B2K Thornton, Kevin “KT” See Color Me Badd

Thrasher, Andrew See Drifters, The Thrasher, Gerhart See Drifters, The Threadgill, Henry 9 Three Days Grace 64 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 Three 6 Mafia 59 3-D See Massive Attack 311 20 3LW 44 Throwing Muses 15 Thünder, Lüpüs See Bloodhound Gang, The Thunderbirds are Now! 63 Thunders, Johnny See New York Dolls Thurier, Blaine See New Pornographers Thurston, Aaron See French Kicks T.I. 56 Tichy, John See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Tickner, George See Journey Tielli, Martin See Rheostatics Tiersen, Yann 59 Tiffany 4 Tijuana No! 32 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Til, Sonny See Orioles, The Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Also see Squeeze Tilbury, John See AMM Tiller, Jay See Frogs, The Tiller, Mary See Anointed Tilley, Sandra See Martha and the Vandellas Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Timbaland 42

Thornton, Melanie See La Bouche

Timmins, Peter See Cowboy Junkies

Tontoh, Frank See Aztec Camera

Thornton, Teri 28

Timmons, Jeff See 98 Degrees

Tony K See Roomful of Blues

Timms, Sally See Mekons, The

Tony! Toni! Toné! 12

Tin Hat Trio 41

Toogood, Jon See Shihad

Thompson, Chester See Tower of Power

Thornton, Willie Mae See Thornton, Big Mama

Thompson, Chester See Weather Report

Thorogood, George 34

Thompson, Danny

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Thorton, Blair See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Timberlake, Justin 60 Also see ’N Sync Timbuk 3 3 Timmins, Margo See Cowboy Junkies Timmins, Michael See Cowboy Junkies

Tinariwen 62

Tolland, Bryan See Del Amitri Toller, Dan See Allman Brothers, The Tolliver, T.C. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Tolson, Peter See Pretty Things, The Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26 Toma, Andi See Mouse On Mars Tomlin, Chris 63 Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tone-Loc 3 Tong, Matt See Bloc Party Tong, Winston See Tuxedomoon Tonic 32

Too $hort 16

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Toohey, Dan See Guided By Voices Took, Steve Peregrine See T. Rex Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Toorish, Bernie See Four Lads, The Tootle, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Toots and the Maytals 36 Topham, Anthony “Top” See Yardbirds, The Topper, Sharon See God Is My Co-Pilot Tork, Peter See Monkees, The Torme, Mel 4 Torpey, Frank See Sweet Torpey, Pat See Mr. Big Torrence, Dean See Jan & Dean Torres, Hector “Tico” See Bon Jovi Torres, Miguel See El Gran Combo Torres, Nestor 36 Torres, Randy See Project 86 Torry, Richard See Minty Tortoise 32 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Tosh, Peter 3 Tosh, Stuart See 10cc Toth, Ed See Vertical Horizon Toto, Ray See My Chemical Romance Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Tourish, Ciaran See Altan Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Towner, Ralph 22 Also see Oregon Townes, Jeffery See DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Towns, Efrem See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Townson, Ron See Fifth Dimension

Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Trainer, Todd See Shellac Trammell, Mark See Greater Vision Traoré, Boubacar 38 Traore, Rokia 53 Trautmann, Gene See Queens of the Stone Age Travers, Brian See UB40 Travers, Mary See Peter, Paul & Mary Travis 29 Travis, Abby See Elastica Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Traynor, Chris See Gaelic Storm Traynor, Kevin See Divine Comedy, The Treach See Naughty by Nature Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tremonti, Mark See Alter Bridge Tremonti, Mark See Creed Trent, Tyler See Brainiac Trevi, Gloria 29 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Trick Pony 42 Tricky 18 Also see Massive Attack Trimble, Vivian See Luscious Jackson Trimm, Rex See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Trina 41 Tripp, Art “Art Marimba” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Tripping Daisy 60 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tritsch, Christian See Gong Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Troccoli, Kathy 48 Trohman, Joe See Fall Out Boy Troiano, Dom See James Gang Troilo, Aníbal 58

Tozzi, Umberto 64

Trojanowski, Mark See Sister Hazel

Traa See P.O.D.

Trosper, Justin See Unwound

Traffic 19

Trotter, Kera

Cumulative Musicians Index • 325

See C + C Music Factory Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Troy, Doris 47 Trucks, Butch See Allman Brothers, The Truffaz, Erik 54 Trugoy the Dove See De La Soul Trujillo, Robert See Suicidal Tendencies Truman, Dan See Diamond Rio Truth Hurts 50 Trynin, Jen 21 Trytten, Lorre Lynn See Willem Breuker Kollektief Tse, Nicholas 44 Tsunami 21 T3 See Slum Village Tubb, Ernest 4 Tubbs, Hubert See Tower of Power Tubridy, Michael See Chieftains, The Tuck & Patti 44 Tucker, Corin See Sleater-Kinney Tucker, Ira See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Tucker, Jim See Turtles, The Tucker, Mick See Sweet Tucker, Moe See Velvet Underground, The Tucker, Sophie 12 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Tucker, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Tufnel, Nigel See Spinal Tap Tull, Bruce See Scud Mountain Boys Tumes, Michelle 37 Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Tunstall, KT 61 Turbin, Neil See Anthrax Turgon, Bruce See Foreigner Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Turnbull, Alex See 23 Skidoo Turnbull, Johnny See 23 Skidoo Turner, Andy See Plaid Turner, Big Joe 13

Turner, Elgin “Masta Killa” See Wu-Tang Clan Turner, Erik See Warrant Turner, Ike and Tina 24 Turner, Ike 62 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turner, Joe Lynn See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Turner, Josh 59 Turner, Mark 40 Turner, Mick See Dirty Three Turner, Mike See Our Lady Peace Turner, Nik See Hawkwind Turner, Otha 52 Turner, Robert See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Turner, Roger 32 Turner, Sam “Segundo” See Rumba Club Turner, Sonny See Platters, The Turner, Steve See Mudhoney Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turpin, Will See Collective Soul Turre, Steve 22 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9 Turtles, The 29 Tutalo, Marianne See Sierra Tutton, Bill See Geraldine Fibbers Tutuska, George See Goo Goo Dolls, The Tuxedomoon 21 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Tweedy, James See Bronx, The Tweedy, Jeff See Golden Smog Tweedy, Jeff See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Tweet 55 23, Richard See Front 242 23 Skidoo 31 Twigger, Steve See Gaelic Storm Twist, Nigel See Alarm

Turner, C.F. “Fred” See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Twista 54

Turner, Dale See Oingo Boingo

Two Dollar Pistols 41

Twitty, Conway 6 2 Unlimited 18

326 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

2D See Gorillaz 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Two-Tone Tommy See My Morning Jacket Tyagi, Paul See Del Amitri Tyler, Kraig See Crazy Town Tyler, Steve See Aerosmith Tynan, Ronan See Irish Tenors, The Tyner, McCoy 7 Tyner, Rob See MC5, The Tynes, Gunnar Örn See Múm Type O Negative 27 Tyrell, Steve 52 Tyrese 34 Tyson, Ian See Ian and Sylvia Tyson, Ron See Temptations, The UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Ugwuek, Letitia See Christafari Ulali 38 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ulrich, Lars See Metallica Ultimate Fakebook 48 Ultravox 38 Ulvaeus, Björn See Abba Um Romao, Dom See Weather Report Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underwood, Carrie 63 Underwood, Jacob See O-Town Underwood, Scott See Train

Earlier sketch in CM 9 Upton, Pat See Spiral Starecase Ur’as, Gerardo See Banda el Recodo Ur’as, Ramon See Banda el Recodo Urban, Keith 44 Ure, Midge See Ultravox Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 Urie, Brendon See Panic! at the Disco Urlik, Ed See Down By Law U-Roy 37 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 US3 18 Utada, Hikaru 62 Utley, Adrian See Portishead Utsler, Joseph See Insane Clown Posse U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vaché Jr., Warren 22 Vachon, Chris See Roomful of Blues Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake Valadez, Paul See Adam Again Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdès, Chucho 25 Vale, Jerry 30 Vale, Mike See Tommy James and the Shondells

Valentine, Hilton See Animals, The

Valli, Anthony See Crazy Town Valli, Frankie 10 Also see Four Seasons, The Vallier, Monte See Swell Vallin, Sergio See Maná Valory, Ross See Journey Valtysdottir, Gyda See Múm Valtysdottir, Kristin Anna See Múm Van der Graaf Generator 56 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zant 61 Van Asch, Rachel See Mediaeval Baebes Vandenburg, Adrian See Whitesnake Vander Ark, Brad See Verve Pipe, The Vander Ark, Brian See Verve Pipe, The Vandermark, Ken 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Van der Velden, Mieneke 55 van Dijk, Carol See Bettie Serveert Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Dyke, Earl See Funk Brothers Vanessa-Mae 26 Van Gelder, Nick See Jamiroquai Vangelis 21 van Giersbergen, Anneka See Gathering, The Van Halen, Alex See Van Halen Van Halen, Edward See Van Halen Van Helden, Armand 32 Van Hook, Peter See Mike & the Mechanics Van Hove, Fred 30

Underworld 26

Valentine, James See Maroon 5

Vanian, David See Damned, The

Valentine, Kathy See Go-Go’s, The

Vanilla Ice 6

Ungerman, Bill See Royal Crown Revue Unitt, Victor See Pretty Things, The

Valens, Ritchie 23 Valensi, Nick See Strokes, The Valenti, Dino See Quicksilver Messenger Service Valentin, Dave 33 Valentine, Gary See Blondie

Unknown Hinson 62

Valentine, Rae See War

Unruh, N. U. See Einstürzende Neubauten

Valentine, Tsakane See Amici Forever

Unwound 41

Valentino, Sal See Beau Brummels

Uosikkinen, David See Hooters Upchurch, Greg See Puddle of Mudd Upshaw, Dawn 53

Van Leeuwen, Troy See Perfect Circle, A van Lieshout, Lars See Tuxedomoon van Loon, Martine See Gathering, The Vannelli, Gino 52

Vanucci, Ronnie See Killers, The Van Vliet, Don “Captain Beefheart” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant, Donnie See Tenacious D Van Zant, Donnie See Van Zant Also see .38 Special Van Zant, Johnny See Van Zant Also see Lynyrd Skynyrd Van Zant, Ronnie See Lynyrd Skynyrd Vargason, Brett See SonicFlood Varilo, Antto See Väarttinä Varnay, Astrid 60 Varone, Phil See Skid Row Väarttinä 49 Vasconcelos, Nana See Codona Vasquez, Junior 16 Vassar, Phil 52 VAST 34 Vatalaro, Chris See Antibalas Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Vazzano, Frank See Cobra Verde Vear, Craig See Cousteau Vedder, Eddie See Pearl Jam Vega, Bobby See Quicksilver Messenger Service Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vegas, Lolly See Redbone Vegas, Pat See Redbone Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velásquez, Jorge “Norja” See Tijuana No! Velez, Gerardo See Spyro Gyra Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28 Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Velvet Underground, The 7

Valenzuela, Jesse See Gin Blossoms

Van Rensalier, Darnell See Shai

Valley, Jim See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Van Ronk, Dave 12

Venable, Brian See Lucero

Van Shelton, Ricky 5

Venegas, Julieta 62

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Ventures, The 19 Verdecchio, Andy See Five Iron Frenzy Verdurmen, Rob See Willem Breuker Kollektief Verlaine, Tom See Television Vermin, Brian See Screeching Weasel Veronicas, The 63 Verrault, Andre See La Bottine Souriante Verta-Ray, Matt See Madder Rose Vertical Horizon 33 Veruca Salt 20 Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Verve Pipe, The 20 Vesely, Tim See Rheostatics Vessel, Jerry See Red House Painters Vest, Jesse See Days of the New Also see Tantric Vestine, Henry See Canned Heat Vettese, Peter-John See Jethro Tull Vicious, Sid See Sex Pistols, The Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees Vickers, Robert See Go-Betweens, The Vickrey, Dan See Counting Crows Vicky-T See Cobra Starship Victor, Tommy See Prong Vienna Choir Boys 23 Vig, Butch 17 Also see Garbage Vigdor, Fred See Average White Band Vigilantes of Love 51 Vik, Jorma See Bronx, The Vikedal, Ryan See Nickelback Village People, The 7 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Villamizar, Jorge See Bacilos Villaneuva, Tony See Derailers, The Vincent, Crawford See Hackberry Ramblers

Cumulative Musicians Index • 327

See Naughty by Nature Vinton, Bobby 12 Violent Femmes 12 Violent J See Insane Clown Posse Virden, Doug See Sons of the Desert Virtanen, Johanna See Väarttinä Virtue, Michael See UB40 Visconti, Tony 53 Visitante See Calle 13 Visser, Peter See Bettie Serveert Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33 Vito, Rick See Fleetwood Mac Vitous, Mirslav See Weather Report Vitro, Roseanna 49 Vitt, Eamonn See Karate Vives, Carlos 38 Voelz, Susan See Poi Dog Pondering Vogel, Rich See Galactic Vogt, Jeremy See Tonic Voigl, Pete See Swell Voigt, Deborah 42 Volk, Phil See Paul Revere & The Raiders Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Volman, Mark See Turtles, The Volodos, Arcadi 28 Volpe, Andrew See Ludo Volz, Greg See Petra Volz, Jan Eric See Seventy Sevens, The Von, Eerie See Danzig Von, Jon See Mr. T Experience, The Von Bohlen, Davey See Promise Ring, The Von Frankenstein, Doyle Wolfgang See Misfits, The von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 von Stade, Frederica 48

See Nine Inch Nails Vudi See American Music Club Vynes, Adrian “Adi” See Swervedriver Waaktaar, Pal See A-ha Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wachter, Matt See Angels & Airwaves Waddell, Larry See Mint Condition Wade, Adam See Jawbox Also see Shudder to Think Wade, Chrissie See Alien Sex Fiend Wade, Jason See Lifehouse Wade, Nik See Alien Sex Fiend Wadenius, George See Blood, Sweat and Tears Wadephal, Ralf See Tangerine Dream Wagner, Kurt See Lambchop Wagner, Sune See Raveonettes, The Wagoner, Faidest See Soul Stirrers, The Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Wahlberg, Donnie See New Kids on the Block Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wainwright, Martha 65 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Wainwright III, Loudon 11 Waist, Brad See Three Days Grace Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeland, Bryan See Tripping Daisy Wakeling, David See English Beat, The Wakeman, Alan See Soft Machine Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walcott, Collin See Codona Also see Oregon Walden, Narada Michael 14

See Spring Heel Jack Walford, Britt See Breeders Walford, Britt See Slint Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Colin See Electric Light Orchestra Walker, Dave See Savoy Brown Walker, Don See Cold Chisel Walker, Ebo See New Grass Revival, The Walker, George 34 Walker, Greg See Fifth Dimension Walker, James See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Walker, Jeff See Imperials, The Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, Jon See Panic! at the Disco Walker, Junior 30 Walker, Mark See Oregon Walker, Matt See Filter Also see Smashing Pumpkins Walker, Natalie 65 Walker, Ray See Jordanaires, The Walker, T-Bone 5 Walkmen, The 59 Wall, Jeremy See Spyro Gyra Wall, Lee See Luna Wall, Paul 62 Walla, Chris See Death Cab for Cutie Wallace, Bennie 31 Wallace, Bill See Guess Who Wallace, Ian See King Crimson Wallace, Richard See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Wallace, Sippie 6 Waller, Charlie See Country Gentlemen, The Waller, Dave See Jam, The Waller, Fats 7 Wallflowers, The 20

Wallis, Gary See 10cc

von Trapp, Elisabeth 29

Walden, Phil 59

Vincent, Gene 19

Voodoo Glow Skulls 38

Vincent, Rhonda 36

Votel, Freddy See Cows, The

Waldman, Clem See Swell

Vincent, Vinnie See Kiss

Wallinger, Karl 11 Also see Waterboys, The

Waldron, Mal 43

Wallis, Larry See Motörhead

Vines, The 51

Vox, Bono See U2

Waldroup, Jason See Greater Vision

Walls, Chris See Dave Clark Five, The

Vinnie

Vrenna, Chris

Wales, Ashley

Walls, Denise “Nee-C”

328 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Anointed Walls, Greg See Anthrax Walser, Don 35 Walsh, Bill See Cosmic Psychos Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Walsh, Joe See James Gang Walsh, Marty See Supertramp Walsh, Steve See Kansas Walsh, T.W. See Pedro the Lion Walsh, Tim See Brave Combo Walter, Tommy See eels Walter, Weasel See Flying Luttenbachers, The Walters, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Walters, Nathan See Plus One Walters, Pat See Spongetones, The Walters, Richard See Slick Rick Walters, Robert “Patch” See Mystic Revealers Walton, John Ike See 13th Floor Elevators Walton, Mark See Boyzone Walton, Mark See Continental Drifters Walton, Mark See Dream Syndicate Walton, Mark See Giant Sand Walton, William 44 Waltz, Chas See Young Dubliners Wanbdi See Indigenous Wandscher, Phil See Whiskeytown Wannadies, The 29 War 14 Ward, Algy See Damned, The Ward, Alistair See Saints, The Ward, Andy See Bevis Frond Also see Camel Ward, Billy See Knack, The Ward, Bill See Black Sabbath Ward, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Ward, Jeremy See Mars Volta, The

Ward, Jim See At The Drive-In Ward, Michael See Wallflowers, The Ward, Scooter See Cold Ware, Billy See Beausoleil Ware, Martyn See Human League, The Wareham, Dean See Galaxie 500 Also see Luna Warfield, William 33 Wariner, Steve 18 Warmling, Hans See Stranglers, The Warne, John See Relient K Warner, Les See Cult, The Warnes, Jennifer 3 Warnick, Kim See Fastbacks, The Warnock, J.D. See Ultimate Fakebook Waronker, Simon 57 Warrant 17 Warren, Brad See Warren Brothers, The Warren, Brett See Warren Brothers, The Warren, Diane 21 Warren, Ernest See Spaniels, The Warren, George W. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Warren, Mervyn See Take 6 Warren G 33 Warren Brothers, The 34 Warwick, Clint See Moody Blues, The Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Was, David See Was (Not Was) Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Was (Not Was) 6 Wash, Martha See C + C Music Factory Wash, Martha See Weather Girls, The Washington, Chester See Earth, Wind and Fire Washington, Dinah 5 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Washington, Jayotis See Persuasions, The Wasserman, Greg “Noodles” See Offspring Wasserman, Kevin See Offspring Watanabe, Sadao 39

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Waterboys, The 27 Watermark 43 Waters, Benny 58 Waters, Crystal 15 Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Waters, Wilson See Fairfield Four Watkins, Christopher See Cabaret Voltaire Watkins, Sara See Nickel Creek Watkins, Sean See Nickel Creek Watkins, Tionne “T-Boz” See TLC Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watson, Bruce See Big Country Watson, Darren See Crash Vegas Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Guy See Surfaris, The Watson, Ivory See Ink Spots Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Watson, Rob See Daniel Amos Watson, Russell 37 Watson, Valerie See Club Nouveau Watt, Ben See Everything But The Girl Watt, Mike 22 Also see fIREHOSE Also see Minutemen, The Watters, Sam See Color Me Badd Watts, Bari See Bevis Frond Watts, Charlie 52 Also see Rolling Stones, The Watts, Eugene See Canadian Brass, The Watts, Lou See Chumbawamba Watts, Pete “Overend” See Mott the Hoople Watts, Raymond See KMFDM Watts, Robbie See Cosmic Psychos Watts, Todd See Emmet Swimming Way, Gerard See My Chemical Romance Way, Mikey See My Chemical Romance

Weaver, Blue See Strawbs Weaver, Louie See Petra Weaver, Mark A. See Two Dollar Pistols Weavers, The 8 Webb, Bob See James Gang Webb, Bryan See Constantines, The Webb, Chick 14 Webb, Christiaan See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Dean See Dillards, The Webb, Derek See Caedmon’s Call Webb, James See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Jimmy 12 Webb, Justin See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Nick See Acoustic Alchemy Webb, Paul See Talk Talk Webb Brothers, The 57 Webber, Andrew Lloyd See Lloyd Webber, Andrew Webber, Mark See Pulp Weber, Eberhard 41 Webster, Andrew See Tsunami Wedding Present, The 28 Wedgwood, Mike See Caravan Wedren, Craig See Shudder to Think Ween 30 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Wegelin, Aaron See Elf Power Wehmeyer, Steve See Gaelic Storm Wehner, Marty See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wehrle, Dallas See Constantines, The Weider, John See Animals, The Weiland, Scott See Stone Temple Pilots Weill, Kurt 12 Weinzierl, John See Amon Duul II Weir, Bob See Grateful Dead, The Weiser, Ronny 58

Weather Report 19

Weiss, Janet See Quasi Also see Sleater-Kinney

Weather Girls, The 52

Weiss, Liz

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Shangri-Las, The Weiss, Mary See Shangri-Las, The Weissman, Marco See Waterboys, The Welch, Bob See Fleetwood Mac Welch, Brian See Korn Welch, Bruce See Shadows, The Welch, Elisabeth 50 Welch, Gillian 33 Welch, Justin See Elastica Welch, Mcguinness See Lords of Acid Welch, Sean See Beautiful South Welk, Lawrence 13 Weller, Freddy See Paul Revere & The Raiders Weller, Paul 65 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Also see Jam, The Wells, Bill 34 Wells, Cory See Three Dog Night Wells, Junior 17 Wells, Kitty 6 Wells, Mary 51 Welnick, Vince See Grateful Dead, The Welsh, Alan See Aztec Camera Welsh, Mikey See Weezer Welty, Ron See Offspring Wemba, Papa 40 Wenberg, Erik See Emmet Swimming Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 Wengren, Mike See Disturbed Wenner, Niko See Swell Wentz, Peter See Fall Out Boy Werner, Joe See Hackberry Ramblers Werner, Mike See Handsome Family, The

See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies West, Dottie 8 West, Duane See Jordanaires, The West, Kanye 58 West, Leslie 59 West, Leslie See Mountain West, Lizzie 62 West, Riff See Molly Hatchet West, Sandy See Runaways, The West, Speedy 47 West, Steve See Pavement West Virginia Creeper See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Westbrook, Jimi See Little Big Town Westerberg, Paul 26 Also see Replacements, The Westerhoff, Gay-Yee See Bond Westfield, Ricky See Kool & the Gang Westlake, Dave See Sneaker Pimps Westlife 33 Westman, Danny See Down By Law Weston See Orb, The Weston, Bob See Mission of Burma Weston, Randy 15 Weston, Robert See Shellac West-Oram, Jamie See Fixx, The Westrich, Cherielynn See Rentals, The Westrum, Brian See Sons of the Desert Wettlin, Julian See Thunderbirds are Now! Wetton, John See Asia Wetton, John See King Crimson Wexler, Jerry 15

Werner, Susan 54

Weymouth, Tina See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads

Werts, Tavis See Reel Big Fish

Wez See Carter USM

Wertz, Jenn See Rusted Root

Whalen, Katharine See Squirrel Nut Zippers

Wertz, Kenny See Flying Burrito Brothers

Whalley, Dennis See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Wesson, Steve See Flatlanders, The

Whalum, Kirk 39

Cumulative Musicians Index • 329

See Tesla Wheatbread, Paul See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Wheeler, Audrey See C + C Music Factory Wheeler, Caron See Soul II Soul Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Wheeler, Harriet See Sundays, The Wheeler, Nick See All-American Rejects, The Wheeler, Robert See Pere Ubu Wheeler, Tim See Ash Whelan, Bill 20 Whelan, Gavan See James Whibley, Deryck “Bizzy D” See Sum 41 Whimley, Damon See Fat Boys, The Whiskeytown 44 Whitaker, Rodney 20 Whitaker, Yolanda See Yo Yo White, Alan See Oasis White, Alan See Yes White, Barry 6 White, Billy See Dokken White, Bukka 57 White, Charlie See Clovers, The White, Chris See Dire Straits White, Chris See Zombies, The White, Clarence See Byrds, The White, Dave See Warrant White, Dennis See Charm Farm White, Dookie See Rainbow White, Freddie See Earth, Wind and Fire

White, Mark See Mekons, The Also see Spin Doctors White, Maurice See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Maurice See Earth, Wind and Fire Also see Urban Knights White, Meg See White Stripes, The White, Ralph See Bad Livers, The White, Richard See Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Robert See Funk Brothers Also see Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Roland See Nashville Bluegrass Band White, Tony Joe 61 White, Tony See Acoustic Alchemy White, Verdine See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Will See Propellerheads White Zombie 17 Whitehead, Donald See Earth, Wind and Fire Whiteman, Andrew See Broken Social Scene Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitener, Todd See Days of the New Whitener, Todd See Tantric Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitfield, Weslia 39 Whitford, Brad See Aerosmith Whiting, Margaret 28 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Whitman, Slim 19 Whittaker, Amy See Eisley Whittaker, Hudson 20

White, Jack See Raconteurs, The

Whitten, Chris See Dire Straits

White, Jack See White Stripes, The

Whittington, Melvan See Love

White, Jay See Chanticleer

Whitwam, Barry See Herman’s Hermits

White, Jeordie See Perfect Circle, A

Whity, Damien “Whit” See Spiderbait

Whittaker, Roger 41

White, Jim 40

Who, The 3

White, Jim See Dirty Three

Wichnewski, Stephen See Yo La Tengo

West, Andy See Dixie Dregs

Wharton, Dianaruthe See Sweet Honey in the Rock

White, Josh 55 White, Karyn 21

Wickham, Steve See Waterboys, The

West, Brian

Wheat, Brian

White, Lari 15

Widenhouse, Je

330 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

See Squirrel Nut Zippers Widespread Panic 39 Wiedlin, Jane See Go-Go’s, The Wieneke, Paul See Loud Family, The Wiesner, Dietmar See Ensemble Modern Wiget, Ueli See Ensemble Modern Wiggin, Betty See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Dorothy See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Helen See Shaggs, The Wiggins, Dwayne See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggins, Raphael See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggles, The 42 Wiggs, Josephine See Breeders Wiggs, Pete See Saint Etienne Wikso, Ron See Foreigner Wiksten, Pär See Wannadies, The Wilbanks, Scotty See NewSong Wilborn, Dave See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Wilborn, Marshall See Lynn Morris Band Wilbur, James “Jim” See Superchunk Wilburn, Doyle See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn, Ishmael See Weather Report Wilburn, Teddy See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Wilcox, David 38 Wilcox, Imani See Pharcyde, The Wild, Chuck See Missing Persons Wild Strawberries 60 Wilde, Danny See Rembrandts, The Wilde, Phil See 2 Unlimited Wilder, Alan See Depeche Mode

Wiley, Howard See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wiley, Isaac See Dazz Band Wiley, Michael See Dazz Band Wilhelm, Mike See Charlatans, The Wilhelm, Mike See Flamin’ Groovies Wilk, Brad See Audioslave Wilk, Brad See Rage Against the Machine Wilkeson, Leon See Lynyrd Skynyrd Wilkie, Chris See Dubstar Wilkie, Franklin See Marshall Tucker Band Wilkinson, Amanda See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Geoff See US3 Wilkinson, Keith See Squeeze Wilkinson, Kevin See Waterboys, The Wilkinson, Peter See Saints, The Wilkinson, Steve See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Tyler See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinsons, The 30 Will, David See Imperials, The Willard, Atom See Angels & Airwaves Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Will.I.Am See Black Eyed Peas Williams, Adam “Adam 12” See Powerman 5000 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, Andy 2 Williams, Andy See ?Casting Crowns Williams, Andy See Doves Williams, Boris See Cure, The

Wilder, Philip See Chanticleer

Williams, Dana See Diamond Rio

Wilder, Webb 55

Williams, Dar 21

Williams, Sam, III See Down By Law

Wildhorn, Frank 31

Williams, Deniece 1

Williams, Saul 57

Wildwood, Michael See D Generation

Williams, Don 4

Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31

Williams, Eric See Blackstreet

Williams, Stokley See Mint Condition

Williams, Fred

Williams, Terry

Wiley, Derek “Dirt” See Rebirth Brass Band

Williams, Brian “Baby” See Big Tymers, The Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Williams, Cliff See AC/DC

See C + C Music Factory Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Hayley See Paramore Williams, J. 63 Williams, James “Diamond” See Ohio Players Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Jez See Doves Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, John See Solas Williams, Kiely See 3LW Williams, Lamar See Allman Brothers, The Williams, Lenny See Tower of Power Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Marion 15 Williams, Mars See Liquid Soul Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williams, Michelle See Destiny’s Child Williams, Milan See Commodores, The Williams, Otis See Temptations, The Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Paul See Temptations, The Williams, Pete See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Williams, Pharrell See N.E.R.D. Williams, Pharrell See Neptunes, The Williams, Phillard See Earth, Wind and Fire Williams, Ralph See Orioles, The

See Dire Straits Williams, Tommy See Radio 4 Williams, Tony 6 Williams, Tony See Platters, The Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Williams, Walter See O’Jays, The Williams, Wendy O. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Williams, Wilbert See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Williams, William Elliot See Artifacts Williams, Willie See Fifth Dimension Williams, Yasmeen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Williamson, Gloria See Martha and the Vandellas Williamson, Malcolm 45 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Willie D. See Geto Boys, The Willie the New Guy See Bloodhound Gang, The Willis, Clarence “Chet” See Ohio Players Willis, Cody See Murder City Devils Willis, Eddie See Funk Brothers Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Willis, Larry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Willis, Pete See Def Leppard Willis, Rick See Foreigner Willis, Victor See Village People, The Willis, Wesley 51 Willner, Hal 10

Williams, Rich See Kansas

Wills, Aaron (P-Nut) See 311

Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Wills, Bob 6

Williams, Robert See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Williams, Rozz See Christian Death

Wills, David See Negativland Wills, Mark 27 Wills, Rick See Bad Company Willson-Piper, Marty See Church, The Willsteed, John See Go-Betweens, The Wilmot, Billy “Mystic” See Mystic Revealers Wilson, Alan See Canned Heat

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Wilson, Anne See Heart Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carl See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carnie See Wilson Phillips Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Charlie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Chris See Flamin’ Groovies Wilson, Chris See Good Charlotte Wilson, Chris See Love Spit Love Wilson, Cindy See B-52’s, The Wilson, Dan See Semisonic Wilson, Dave See Chatham County Line Wilson, Dennis See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Don See Ventures, The Wilson, Eric See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wilson, Eric See Sublime Wilson, Gerald 19 Wilson, Greg See Spoon Wilson, Gretchen 52 Wilson, “Hawk” Shaw See BR5-49 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Joe See Sneaker Pimps Wilson, Jonathan See Eisley Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wilson, Mark See Jet Wilson, Mary See Supremes, The Wilson, Nancy See Heart Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Wilson, Orlandus See Golden Gate Quartet Wilson, Patrick See Rentals, The Also see Weezer

Cumulative Musicians Index • 331

Womack, Drew See Sons of the Desert

See Magnetic Fields, The Wood, Chris See Medeski, Martin & Wood Wood, Chris See Traffic Wood, Danny See ѧAnd You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Wood, Danny See New Kids on the Block Wood, Jim See Dishwalla Wood, Ron 56 Also see Faces, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Wood, Roy See Electric Light Orchestra Wood, Stephen See Destroyer Woodgate, Dan See Madness Woodruff, J.T. See Hawthorne Heights Woods, Adam See Fixx, The Woods, Gay See Steeleye Span Woods, Phil 57 Woods, Terry See Pogues, The Also see Steeleye Span Woodson, Ollie See Temptations, The Woods-Wright, Tomica 22 Woodward, Alun See Delgados, The Woodward, Keren See Bananarama Woody, Allen See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Woolfolk, Andrew See Earth, Wind and Fire Woolstenhulme, Rick See Lifehouse Woolstenhulme, Sean See Lifehouse Woomble, Roddy See Idlewild Workhorse Movement, The 30 World Saxophone Quartet 39

Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Worley, Chris See Jackyl

Womack, Solomon See Swan Silvertones, The

Worley, Darryl 45

Wilson, Ricky See B-52’s, The Wilson, Robert See Gap Band, The Wilson, Robin See Gin Blossoms Wilson, Ronnie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Ron See Surfaris, The Wilson, Shanice See Shanice Wilson, Sid See Slipknot Wilson, Terry See Charlatans, The Wilson, Wendy See Wilson Phillips Wilson Phillips 5 Wilson-James, Victoria See Shamen, The Also see Soul II Soul Wilson-Piper, Marty See Cameo Wilton, Michael See Queensryche Wimmer, Kevin See Balfa Toujours Wimpfheimer, Jimmy See Roomful of Blues Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, Carvin See Winans, The Winans, Mario 50 Winans, Marvin See Winans, The Winans, Michael See Winans, The Winans, Ronald See Winans, The Winans, The 12 Winbush, Angela 15 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winfield, Chuck See Blood, Sweat and Tears Wingo, Richard See Jagged Edge Wink, Chris See Blue Man Group Wink, Josh 44 Winkler, Austin See Hinder Winley, Harold See Clovers, The Winokur, Ken See Alloy Orchestra

Winthrop, Dave See Supertramp Winwood, Muff See Spencer Davis Group Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wire, Nicky See Manic Street Preachers Wirtz, Billy 62 Wise, Josh See French Kicks Wiseman, Bobby See Blue Rodeo Wiseman, Gary See Bowling for Soup Wiseman, Mac 19 Wishart, Bridgette See Hawkwind WishBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Wisniewski, Tom See MxPx Withem, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Withers, Bill 54 Withers, Pick See Dire Straits Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 Witherspoon, Lajon See Sevendust Wolf, Kurt See Boss Hog Wolf, Peter 31 Wolf, Peter See J. Geils Band Wolfe, Gerald See Greater Vision Wolff, Christian 38

Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Wolstencraft, Simon See Fall, The Wolstenholme, Chris See Muse Wolters, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Womack, Bobby 5

Womack, Tim See Sons of the Desert

Worley, Jeff See Jackyl Worrell, Bernie 11 Also see Golden Palominos Wozniak, John See Marcy Playground

Wonder, Wayne 43

Wray, Link 17

Wilson, Paul See Flamingos, The

Winter, Kurt See Guess Who

Wonder Mike See Sugarhill Gang

Wreede, Katrina See Turtle Island String Quartet

Wilson, Paul See Snow Patrol

Winter, Paul 10

Wong, Matt See Reel Big Fish

Wren, Alan See Stone Roses, The

Woo, John

Wretzky, D’Arcy

Wilson, Ransom 5

Winterhart, Paul See Kula Shaker

332 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Smashing Pumpkins Wright, Adrian See Human League, The Wright, Aggi See Pastels, The Wright, Chely 35 Wright, David “Blockhead” See English Beat, The Wright, David See Flamin’ Groovies Wright, Finbar See Irish Tenors, The Wright, Heath See Ricochet Wright, Hugh See Boy Howdy Wright, Jaguar 57 Wright, Jimmy See Sounds of Blackness Wright, Kevin See Rockapella Wright, Lizz 56 Wright, Natascha See La Bouche Wright, Norma Jean See Chic Wright, Norman See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Del Vikings, The Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Wright, Simon See AC/DC Wright, Tim See Pere Ubu Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wu, Reuben See Ladytron Wu, Tim See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wupass, Reverend See Rube Waddell Wurster, Jon See Superchunk Wurzel See Motörhead Wusthoff, Gunter See Faust

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Wynn, Steve See Dream Syndicate Wynne, Philippe See Spinners, The Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The Wysocki, Jon See Staind X 11 Xefos, Chris See King Missile Xenakis, Iannis 34 X-Ray Spex 31 XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Xzibit 31 Ya Kid K See Technotronic Yale, Brian See Matchbox 20 Yamaguchi, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Yamamoto, Hiro See Soundgarden Yamamoto, Moog See Buffalo Daughter Yamamoto, Seichi See Boredoms, The Yamano, Atsuko See Shonen Knife Yamano, Naoko See Shonen Knife Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yamataka, Eye See Boredoms, The Yamauchi, Tetsu See Faces, The Also see Free Yamazaki, Iwao See Ghost Yancey, Jimmy 54 Yang, Naomi See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Yannatou, Savina 48 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Yanovsky, Zal See Lovin’ Spoonful Yarbrough, Glenn See Limeliters, The Yardbirds, The 10 Yaro, Chad See Face to Face

Yearsley, Thomas See Paladins, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yella See N.W.A. Yellowcard 52 Yellowjackets 36 Yellowman 42 Yes 8 Yester, Jerry See Lovin’ Spoonful Yester, Jim See Association, The Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 Ying Yang Twins 57 Yo La Tengo 24 Yo Yo 9 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Yoot, Tukka See US3 York, Andrew 15 York, John See Byrds, The York, Paul See Dillards, The York, Pete See Spencer Davis Group York, Preston See Fairfield Four Yorke, Thom E. See Radiohead Yorke, Thom See Radiohead Yorn, Pete 45 Yoshida, Tatsuya See Flying Luttenbachers, The Yoshikawa, Toyohito See Boredoms, The Yoshimi See Boredoms, The Yoshinaga, SuGar See Buffalo Daughter You Am I 35 Youlden, Chris See Savoy Brown Young, Adrian See No Doubt Young, Angus See AC/DC Young, Brian See Fountains of Wayne Young, Cliff See Caedmon’s Call

Yarrow, Peter See Peter, Paul & Mary

Young, Curtis See Jordanaires, The

Young, Grant See Soul Asylum Young, Jacob 64 Young, James See Styx Young, Jeff See Megadeth Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Young, Malcolm See AC/DC Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young, Paul See Mike & the Mechanics Young, Richard See Kentucky Headhunters, The Young, Robert “Throbert” See Primal Scream Young, Tata 61 Young Dubliners 58 Young Jeezy 61 Young M.C. 4 Youngblood, Mary 62 Youth See Killing Joke Youth, Todd See D Generation Youth Group 62 Youtz, Raif See Built to Spill Yow, David See Jesus Lizard Yseult, Sean See White Zombie Yslas, Ray See Rippingtons Yttling, Björn See Peter Bjorn and John Yule, Doug See Velvet Underground, The Yuro, Timi 60 Z, Rachel 40 Zaa, Charlie 51 Zaakir/Soup See Jurassic 5 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41 Zamora, Tye See Alien Ant Farm Zander, Robin See Cheap Trick Zankey, Glen See Bluegrass Patriots Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Wyndorf, Dave See Monster Magnet

Yates, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The

Young, Danielle See Caedmon’s Call

Zatarain, Conrado See Banda el Recodo

Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Yates, Stephen See Mediaeval Baebes

Young, Faron 7

Zawinul, Joe 63

Wynn, Steve 31

Yauch, Adam See Beastie Boys

Young, Fred See Kentucky Headhunters, The

Zawinul, Josef See Weather Report

Young, Gary See Pavement

Zazeela, Marian 49

Wu-Tang Clan 19 Wuv See P.O.D. Wyatt, Keith See Blasters, The Wyatt, Robert 24 Also see Soft Machine Wyman, Bill See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Also see Rolling Stones, The

Wynn, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59

Zé, Tom 43

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 65

Zedek, Thalia 52 Zehr, Joey See Click Five, The Zehringer, Randy See McCoys, The Zender, Stuart See Jamiroquai Zenón, Miguel 65 Zero 7 49 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zhane 22 Zilinskas, Annette

See Bangles, The Zim Zum See Marilyn Manson Zimmer, Hans 34 Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zinner, Nicolas See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Ziporyn, Evan See Bang on a Can All-Stars Ziskrout, Jay See Bad Religion Zombie, Rob 47 Also see White Zombie

Cumulative Musicians Index • 333

Zombies, The 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Zonjic, Alexander 53

Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Zoom, Billy See X

Zumberovic, Nedzat

Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Zumpano, Jason

Zulu, Ras I See Spearhead See Boban Markovic Orkestar See Destroyer Zuniga, Alex See Tijuana No!

Zoyes, Dino See Charm Farm

Zuniga, Miles

Zuccaro, Steve See Charm Farm

ZZ Top 2

See Fastball