THOfVISON
*
Language
Teaching
Publications
HEINLE
BUILD YOU R BUSINESS VOCABULARY John Flower
Series
Building
your business vocabulary efficiently So you plan to build your vocabulary! Learning vocabulary is a very important part of learning English, If you make a grammar mistake, it may be "wong" but very often people will understand you anyway. But if you don't know the exact word that you need, it is very frustrating for you, and the person you are talking to. Good businese English means having a big vocabulary! There are better and wome ways to lmild your vocabulary you to build your vocabulary quickly and effectively, You will find it is best to work: •
systematically
*
regtdarly
*
personally
and this book will help
-plan
Don'tjustmakelistsofall the new words you meet and choose. Thinkafareas you are interested in; look for things you can't say in English, then fill those gaps in your vocabulary. Think abut the kind of vocabulary you need. What about social English? The language of business letters? Reading in special areas such as public relatione or international trade? Building your business vocabulary is a big job you can help yourself by choosing the things that are most use to you and learning those first. You can also use things you meet every day at work as a source of useful language. I.cok at the lettera received in your office, read any company literatum which is written in English, LTeethe English around you to improve your Engliah! Dodt just learn weds; you also need to know how to use them. Which words does a word often combine with? This book will help you to learn mom words, but also how to use the words you know more effectively. That is an important part of building your vocabulary. Dodt use your dictionary only when you have a problem. It is an important oscurce. It can help you in lots of different ways, Them are tips all through this book to help you use your dictionary effectively. --
Don'tjustmake lists of new words; organise them. Again, there are tips to help you remember more of what you study.
to learn and
Build Your Business Vocabulary
John Flower
THOIVISON MEINLE
Australia
Canada Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States
THOIVISON
HEINLE
Vocabulary John Flower
Build Your Business
Publisher/Global ELT: Christopher Wenger Executive Marketing Manager/Global ELT/ESL: Amy Mabley Cover, Design, Illustrations: Anna Macleod Copyright © 2000 Heinle, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. is a trademark used herein under license. Thomson Learning Printed in Croatia by Zrinski d.d. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 06 05 04 03 02 01 For more information contact Heinie, 25 Thomson Place, Boston, MA 02210 USA, http://www.heinle.com or you can visit our Internet site at All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced electronic, or mechanical, including or used in any form or by any means-graphic, distribution Web photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems--without the written permission of the publisher.
For permission
to use material
Tel
1-800-730-2214
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1-800-730-2215 www.thomsonrights.com
from this
text or product contact us.
ISBN: 0-906717-87-6
Acknowledgements Cover photograph courtesy of Zefa Many thanks to Michael Lewis for his encouragement
and guidance, and to James Slater
his drawings.
to my colleagues and students for all their help, and to Ruth, Heten and for putting Andrew up with it all. I am also grateful
for
Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5, 6. 7.
Using a dictionary.......,..................,............,................,...................................6 Word groups 1....,......................--.................................................................. S In the ofHee 1 Letters 1 Enquiries Word partnembips - 1 1.2 Past tense 1 Using a trade directory -
.................,....,....................,.,..,,..............................................9
-
.........,....,,.....,............,,,,................,,.............................10
-
..........-....,....................,..,.................,....,....................11
-
.................,.........................,..,..,........,........,.............................
......................,........,,....,......,..,...............,...,..............13
..........................................,.....................,..,................,.14
8. Confusingwords 1 15 9, Banking services 1 10. Social English 11. Letters 2 Answering enquiries......................,....,..,............,......................18 12. Two-word expressions - 1 -
.....,.......................,........,..,,,....,....
......................................,
........................,....,........,......................,...............,...,........16
-
-
..,...,......................,....,................................,.........19
........-.....-................,,.........,.....,.....................................20
18. 14.
15,
16. 17. 18.
19. 20. 21. 22, 23. 24-, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31, 32.
Product information War d formation - 1......-......................,.............................,...............,............22 Opposites I,,,,,,,,,,,.........................,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,....,............,s,...,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.....24 Word partnerships 2 Mr Bakets trip Letters -3 Orders.........................,,.....,....,,.................,.....,.............,,,,.........28 Word groups 2 The electronic office 31 Make or do? -
.................,,,,...,....,,,......................,....,,.......,.,,......,....25
-
..,..........................,.......,....,,......................,,........,...,.,...........26
...................,....,,,,,..,,...,,,,...........................,..,....,.,,..............29
-
.......,.....,..........,..........................,..............,,...................30
......................................................,....,...............,........................
............................................................,................,.........32
Problems, poblems Letters 4 Delayed orders 1 Buying and selling Special aæas passive The Organisation ehart Making a presentation
...........,...............................................................34
-
-
35
.................,....,..............................,..-..
......,..........................................................,.................,...,............36
...............................,
37
....,.............................,....................,
.............,....,......,....,........,,.........................................38
Word partnerships Choose the adverb
3 I
-
-
-2
.................,................................,,,
41
............,..........................,,....................,..,................., .......................,.................,......................4.2
Foblic
Specíal areas
--............................40
relations
............,.................................,....,..,..............,.....................43
Letters 5 Sales Advertising - 1.......,............................................................,...................,,.....44 33. Opposites - 2 34. Word formation 2 -
........................................................................,..........,....,.........45
,............,...................,,.....................................................46
-
48 Special areas 3 Investing Social English 2 52 Applying for a job,,.,..........................,.....................................,,,,..,................ 54 Past tense 2..,.,,,,....................,.......,..,,.........,....,.................,,,........,,...,..,,... Special areas 4 Accounting..,.................,.,.................,....,,,,,....,,,,...,,.........55 56 Im portant a diectiv es 57 Word partnerships 4 Special areas 5 Industrial relations................,,.................-...................... 58 In the ofTfee 2 Neun and preposition Tw >-word expressions 2
85. Formal English 36. 87. 88.
39. 40. 4L 42. 48, 44. 45. 46.
...............,.....,..,..,,,,,............................
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,s..,..........
...........,.......................,,.....................,...............49
-
...........................................,,,.................,..........................50
-
-
..........,.........,....,.....................,...,.................................
-
............,,,................,..,.....,................,.-,.............,........
-
,..,.,..........................................,..,...........,..............................59
-
......,..........................,....,,.................,..................,.......00
......................,....,.................................................61
-
47. 48, 49.
What's the job?..........................,..,..................,.....,....,............................,,.,.., 62 64 Special areas 8 Insurance -
,................,....,,,,,,...................................,,...,...,
'take'..........,.....,,,,,.....................................,..,,..........,....,...65
with
Expressions
50. Colourful language Confusing words 2 Word formation 3 Special amaa 7 International Colour idioms
66
............,,....,,.............,.............................,,,...,.....,....,....,., ,.,,,,.....,..................................,....,,...,......,.....,,,..,....,......67
5L 52, 53, 64. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 6L 82.
-
......................,................................,,....,,,........................68
-
-
....,...,,,....,..................................,....,..70
trade
..........,,..........................,,,,
,......,-.....,....-.............-....,,.........,71 ,,,,,
...............,....,....,,....,...,..............-..........-....,.,.........72
Adjective and pre position Word partnerships - 5 Special ansas - 8 Personnel Expressions with W Advertising 2 Letters - 6 Exhibition inferrnation 6 Word pannerships Social English 3 The law 63. Special amas adverb -2 64. Choose the 85. Letters - 7 Booking a hotel room 68. Increasing efficiency 67. Special areas 10 Management .....,....,,.....,.................................................,..........,...,73
...,....................,.......................,......,......,,,,..,,,.,,74
....,,....-....-..................................,....,................,,....,.......76
77
-
...,,,,,,,.....,..................................................................,....,..,,,,,
................................,.,..,.....................,..78
..................................................................,....,,,..,,.....79
-
.........................,.....................................,,....,,,............,.....80
-
..,...,,....,......................,.........,...............................81
-9
....................................,.....,....,...............,...................82
....,......................................................,....,83
...............,................................................,,...........,....,,,,84
....................................................,.....,,,.,,..85
-
..................................,....,,...,...................,.......,,,,....,,,,.,,,,,....,,,,,,......86
Answers List of words included in Build Your Business Vocabulary
,,....,.................92
1 Using a dictionary you should have a good English-
you want to learn business vocabulary,
IfEnglish Use
dictionary, one with explanations that are easy to understand showing how you use the worda.
these questions,
Practise using a dictionary by answering I,
and which has sentences
Meaning
Which one of these would you get from a bank? dock draft. drop depot dial course a dictionary gives you a definition, but it helps you in other ways
Oftoo.
show you how.
The next questions
Words which go together Match a verb on the left with a 2.
noen
en the
Use each word once only. a cheque answer attend a computer
S
right.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
cash
a conference
join
the phone
,
.
program
ateam
.
........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
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,
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.
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.
,
..,.
word partnerships. A ome words often occur with other words; they form which words go together will good dictionary give examples of the way in
Eke this.
8. Word formation Use the correct form of the word COMPETE in each sentence. His are worried about his new range of products. She took part in a to design a new yacht. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
We have to be very This car is more
W
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
.
..
.
.
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
.
to succeed in this business. priced than the other one. .
.
ords often have different grammatical you
these. 6
forms. A good dictionary will show
The past tense
4.
Complete the sentence by using the past tense of the verb in brackets. She In
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
4300out of the bank.
the past we
.
.
.
Last year pro.fits The strike soon
,
.
.
.
.
.
the
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(DRAW) in office equipment, (LEAD)
market
by 20%. (RISE)
when a word
is irogular
What de the following abbreviations
mean?
need
You you. 5.
to know
(SPREAD)
to other departments.
again your dictionary should help
Abbreviations
approx. Co.
.
..
FOB
...
POBox
..
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
....
.
.
.
.
.
...
.....
.
.....
..
...
.
.
bbreviations am u.sed quite often in business so it is important to look up and note down any new ones you meet. You should also know how to say each abbreviation. A good dictionary should tell you this.
A
6.
Pronunciation
Which of these worde has a different vowel sound? loan own a. gone share b, fair gear goods could food e.
4.
freight
height
state
phone wear
should
weight
don't really know a went until you know how to say it properly. of each word, why a good dictionary shows you the pronunciation
You
7
This is
2 Word groups is useful
1
-
list of the words you use when you talk about a subject, word, you can add it to your list. you some ideas but why not think of some areas of business in and see how many words you can think oft
make
t to a IThisWhen you learn a new book will give you are interested
Put each of the words below into the correct list. Use each word once only.
Can you think of any more words to add to each list? agenda A.G.M. apply
for
campaign chairperson check in
classified ad, commeretal (n) exchange rate
minutes overtime owe
reservation service stapier
faz
poster profit
toler training
refund
weekend rate
filing cabinet interview
1. Advertising
3.
3. Job
4. Meeting
5.
6. The office
Money
8
Hotel
room
3 In the office
1
-
Look at the pictum of an office. From the hat below find numbered item. Use each word once only,
calendar cheque
book
diary
filing cabinet keyboard
pen
rubber
pencil
umbrella
map
phone printer
vase
passport
I.......
..
..
the word for each
2.
8.
..
.
8.
......
VDU
4.
8.
5.
............
9.
.,,.......,,
10,......,..,.,
11,,,.,,.......
12.
13.............
14.............
15...........,,
16...
.
7.
.........,
..,...
9
.........,,
(eraser)
.
......
.
...
..
4 Letters
1 Enquiries
-
you receive any business letters in English, use them to learn more vocabulary. Note down any useful word.s and phrases and then try to write similar letters of your own. In the same way, write your own letters based en those that you find in this book.
If
Below you will see parts of three letters of enquiry. Put the correct werd or phrase in each blank. Choose fi·omthe following list. Use each item once only, advertisement advise
issue
current
Dear
list
price
discount faithfully forward
latest catalogue model
price range
particularly
reference
information
payment
still available
A. Sir
1.......,.......
the 3, interested in your range of office stationary. Could you please send me your 4. 6. to hearing from youseen your 2.
I have
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
in
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
of 'Office Weekly'
and 5.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
and am ,
,
I look
,
.
Youra7,...
....
.
B. With 8..
.
.
.
.
.
send me 8...
to your advertisement
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
in
could you please
today's Times', I am 10..
about your offlee furniture.
.
.
.
.
-
.
-
Interested
typiat's chairs.
in your adjustable
C. Some
time ago we purchased
from you
some rTFTS solar-powered pocket
calculat0PS.
with our customers, we would like to was so popular .If so, would you kindly 13,.. of your terms available. Could you also include and any quantity 15......... of 14......... details of any new models in the same 16.
As this 11., know if it 18 12,. .
.
,
,
.
.
.
.us
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
10
.
.
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.
.
.
.
..
,
5 Word partnerships
S
-
1
expect eme pairs of words often accur together. If you meet one, you can written and spoken English. ather. This makes it easier to undetetand
Match each verb en the Let't with a noun on the right to form common partnerships, Use each word once only. Write your answere in the boxes.
Set 1 2, appoint 3, arrange 4. export 5. pay S. solve 7.
1
a. goods b, a letter e, a meeting
1 answer
d. a new manager e. the phone f. a poblem
g. tax
type
h. a visitor
8. welcome
Set 2 Now de the same with these words. a. an applicant b, a businees c. a contract d. a discount
1. fill 2. interview 3, offer 4. 5, 6. 7.
owe rent
some money office space
e, f.
run send
2
g. a telex h. a vacancy
8, sign
8
Now complete each sentence using a suitable expression from above. I.They might
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
if you pay within
.
2, Do you need a licence 3. Don't forget we have 4. Em
trying to
,
,
,
,
.
,
to
to ,
,
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.
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.
,
.
.
,
,
.
,
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,
.
,
ten days.
to the Soviet Union?
on the profit we made,
with my bank manager next Tuesday, 11
the
6 Past tense verbs
1
-
in
'ed'
English form their past by adding W or but there are also about 200 irregular verbs in English. About 100 of these are common so you should always check the past tense of any verb you learn,
M
ost
Complete each of the sentences by using the past form of one of the verbs on left and combining it with one of the worde on the right. Use each verb once only. Some worde en the left are used more than once. break build cut deal
find
keep
shut
get
put read seH
take think
go hear
back down forward from
ring
By accident the switchboard operator of our conversation. 2. After testing everything they finally with the machine, I.
3. They
costs 4. The Finance Department 5. Ke
.
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,
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.
..
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.
had the quantities S. She ,
1
They
.
,
,
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,
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,
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,
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.
an interesting
.
her .
.
,
.
.
.
through
on out
up with
over
.
.
off
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
the middle
in
.
what was wrong
.
materials.
the query about discounts. to her so that she could be sure that he
,
.
,
.
.
.
proposal
the meeting.
at
for a week before making a decision. the offer up three times I finally to head office. her business from one small shop to a chain of .
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
by using less expensive
.
exactly right,
.
8. After ringing 9. She
.
the figures
.
.
,
.
,
the
.
.
department stores, 10. The packing equipment for an hour.
,
,
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,
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II.
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,
and production was halted
The new range was so popular that the shop in 2 days. 12, Last year they the factory for three weeks and everybody had to have their boHday at the same time. .
.
18. She 14.
I
-
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,
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,
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15. My plane 16. I
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nnally .
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working
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,
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,
even
though the others had stopped,
immediately
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,
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,
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,
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,
,
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saying I was interested in their offer. four hours late because of'fog.
our agent in Turkey. He phoned last week. 12
7 Using a trade directory In a trade directory, services and suppliers are Listed under appropriate headings. In this exercise you have to decide which heading from the following list you would look under for what you need. Use each heading once only. Write your answers in the boxes.
LAWYERS
7.
L ACCOUNTANTS 2. ADVERTISING AGENCIES 3. AIR CIIARTER & RENTAL
8. OFFICE FURNITURE 8. RESTAURANT 10, SECURITY SERVICES 1L STATIONERY SUPPLIERS
4, DEBT COLLECTORS 5. HOTELS 6. INTERIOR DESIGNERS
12. TRAVEL AGENTS
PROBLEM 1
a. You want to take a client out to dinner. b. A visiting busineesman wants somewhen to atay. c. You"re worried about your tax liabilities, d, You're going to launch a new poduct onto the mark.et, e, You want to book a flight, f. You're worried about industrial espionage. g, You've run out of typing paper. h, A typist needs a new chair. i. Several customers have still not settled their accounts.
j. k. L
2 8 4 5
O 7 8 9
You want to hire a helicopter, The reception area looks drab. You am being sved for negligence,
_11
12
Now complete each of the following sentences with a suitable phrase sentences you have just seen.
top seemt and they're worried about
L
This new process is
2.
She's ringing the travel agency to
8.
The clients who still hadn't
,
4.
They're holding a oception
to
5.
Could you book a table at La Dolee Vita? I want to take Mr East
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
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,
,
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13
.
.
onto
,
,
.
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,
,
.
.
wem sent a
,
.
.
.
from the
final reminder.
the market. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
words
8 Confusing
1
--
you use a word in the wrong way, learn from your mistake, Find out what the correct word or expression should be and then use both the correct and incorrect words in sentences so that you can understand and remember the
If
differences.
Choose the correct woni for each sentence, l. She works for an advertisement/advertising 2. How will
the increase in interest has agreed
3. My bank manager 4. We've had
rates
agency. anectleffect
to borrowllend
at least once
5. These machines are controlledlinspected 6. My plane was delayed/postponed hfPe,
me another $2,000.
the meeting until next Monday,
to cancellpostpone
7, Before coming
your sales?
by an hour due to computer failure.
I studied economiceleconomy
8. I am interestedlinteresting
in
a day.
at university.
their new camera.
9. Sbe applied for a joh/work as a personnel officer. 10,
to work
Some employees have a longjourney/travel
every
day,
11. The cost of life/living has gone up again, 12. Please send precise measurements/measures 13. We expect prices
to raiselrise
when ordering.
by at least five per cent.
14, We only exchange goods if you produce a receipt/recipe, 15. I must remembertremind 16.
the boss about
that meeting this afternoon.
Can you say/tell the difference between these two products?
17. The company is extremely sensiblelsensitive
to any criticism.
18, There's some more paper in the stationary/stationery
14
cupboard.
services
9 Banking
your vocabulary is to ask yourself how many words you certain subject, After you have made your list., and pronunciation, you can add any new weMs you meet. how do exercise, Before you this see many worda you can write down on the subject of banking. After you have done the exercise, add any new words to your List.
building ne down about a O can checked the spelling and way of write
Fill each blank in the text with the correct word or phrase, Choose fmm following list, Use each item once only.
the
credit rating issued statement credit transfer withdraw outstanding fmanei=1 institutions banker's draft in full salaries standing order eash dispenser interest slip Banks offer many services to businesses and their customers, Here are some of oomunission debited
the most common: Many people now have a card which enables them to L money from a and key in card into You feed your 2, the machine your PIN (personal identification number) and the amount of money you want. If you have enough in to you up to a daily limit. your account, the money requested will be S. for the amount you have drawn out Your account is automaticany 4.. .
,
,
,
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..
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,
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,
.
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,
,
,
,
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,
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,
Provided you have a sound 5, you can get a credit card from a bank goods To obtain and other 6, or services, you present your card and sign a special voucher. When it receives the voucher, the credit card company and then sends you a monthly 8., pays the trader (less a 7, Depending on the type of card you have, you will either have to pay S. on the balance left or be able to pay part of what is owed and pay 10.. ,
,
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,
,
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,,
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.)
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II..
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-
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..
..
.....,
If you need to make fixed payments at regular intervals, e.g. for insurance premiums, you can arrange a 12. (sometimesknown as a banker's order; so that the bank will do this for you. .
If you have several bille
.
.
.
.
.
.
to pay, you can do this by 13..
cheque for the total som involved, fill in a 14... everything to the bank cashier. The transfer system is also used by employers employees' bank accounts.
.
..
.
.
.
.
You write one for each bill and hand ,
to pay 15,.
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
directly into
.
If you are dealing with e supplier for the first time, a 16.. may be used guaranteed and it is therefox is not likely by a bank as payment. This a cheque .
to
'bounce'.
14
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
10 Social English
-
1
In business there are times when you need to speak English socially, for example when you go out for a meal with an English-speaking eNent or colleague. It is important, therefore, to know some of the expressions used in these more informal situations. As you do this exercise, try to imagine situations in which these exchanges could occur.
with an appropriate response Complete each of these eenversations below. Use each response once only.
from
Responses a. Pleased to meet you. I'm Jane Ford. Oh, so soon? Thanks. You too. e. d. Congratulationst pleasure. e. Not at alL It's been a 1've had L No thanks. just one. g. Yes, very much, thanks. h, No better. I'm afraid. i. Only a few days. j. Yes it is, isn't it. k. That would be very nice, thanks. L Is there anything I can do to help?
b.
t'
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6-
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16
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the list
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11 Letters
2
-
enquiries
Answering
of three letters answering an enquiry. Put the correct blank. Choose from the following list. Use each item once
Below you will see parts word or phrase in each
only. pleasure
further details hesitate In addition in production
leaflet
enclosed
additional features conipetitive price date doing business
enquiring enquiry full details
range sincerely supply
A. Dear Ms Prentiße Thank you for your I,, of Brd May about our office stationery. We have 3, in enclosing our latest omtalogos and price Est. We hope you will find 10 of interest. contact us. please do not 4.. If you require any 3..,......, .
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....to
.
5.
Yours
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
.
B. Thank you for your letter of Jsouary The enclosecl catalogue contains 6. .
aalt.tng about office furniture. of our range. In most cases we
4th, .
.
,
,
,
,
.
you with the gooda you require We look forwarel to receiving an order from you. are able to i
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
within fourteen
days.
C. of l et eTune, 8,
Thank you for your letter calculator.
This model is no longer 9... solar-powered pocket calculator. new model has several 11., .
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
about the JF72
it has been
As you will see from .
.
.
,
pocket
su.persedeel by the JFTE the the 10.. 12.. at an extremely omtalogue glving detalla of the vast
as
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
also enclosed our 1stest of electronic goods we supply. of not less than. SO of t,he same We allow a discount of BO% on purchases we give a model, ancl 35% on quantitles of not less than 100. 14.. of within fourteen days from 15.. discount of 5% for payment We have 13.. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
invoice,
We look forward
to 16..
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
with you in 18
the near future.
.
.
.
.
.
.
expressions
12 Two-word
in English two words em used expression, for example:
Sometimes credit card
-
1
together to make a common
lounge
departmo
Sometimes you will find these expressions listed separately in a dictionary and they are included in the definitions of one, or both, of the words. You need to learn the expressions as complete phrases.
sometimes
Join one word on the left with one from the right to make a two-word partnership, Use each woni ence only, Write your answers in the boxes. a. black b, board e, cabinet d. drive e, exchange f, flow
L box 2.
8. 4, 6, 8. 7,
cash eivil economy exchange filing
5 6 7 8
g. margin h. number L policy
income 8. insurance
9. job notice office
10, 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
1
9
j, processor
profit stock
k. rate L satisfaction m, service
trade
n.
word
o. union
11 12 13 14
tax
g
Now complete each sentence with one of the expressions. 1, She bought a
.
.
2. They built a big
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
to replace her old typewriter.
.
.
.
.
in
.
the
8, Change your money when the 4. For some people
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
middle .
.
.
..
of .
town.
is more favourable,
is mom impottant 19
than a high salary.
information
13 Product
catalogues in English, or magazines or newspapers containing English, look at the descriptions of the products. You can in this way. a In addition, many products have information written in English which will also help you to build your vocabulary. Remember, there are many opportunities to see real English. All of them can help you to learn. you can get If advertisements in find lot of useful vocabulary
In this exercise you win see some information about a product. You must decide product is being referred to. Choose the product from the following list.
which
Each product answer
is referred
phone
briefense burglar Alarm clock
to once only,
computer cordless phone diary fax machine
partitioning pen
volume
2.
1.............,...............
The infa red sanom detret any intmders. A message is immediately
S.
4.
......,..............,......
of phetagophs.
5,
cantml,
.....
..
......,............
Make enHeanywhem inside or within 100 metres outside. Paging facility.
to the control
60 grey shades for better
table lamp
With buill-in pre-recorded message or facility to meerd your own. Speaker
Desk top publishing at an eennomical Compatible price. High inulvtion, with a wide rango of systems.
Sent
photocopier pocket calculator signmaking kit
laser printer office chair
..,...................
,...
High n=sulation
transmission
Onynescomplete
One touch diallinã
colour monitor with
word-processing
and other business software.
Oi,
.....................
..,.........................
20
......
information
13 Product
catalogues in English, or magazines or newspapers containing English, look at the descriptions of the products. You can in this way. a In addition, many products have information written in English which will also help you to build your vocabulary. Remember, there are many opportunities to see real English. All of them can help you to learn. you can get If advertisements in find lot of useful vocabulary
In this exercise you win see some information about a product. You must decide product is being referred to. Choose the product from the following list.
which
Each product answer
is referred
phone
briefense burglar Alarm clock
to once only,
computer cordless phone diary fax machine
partitioning pen
volume
2.
1.............,...............
The infa red sanom detret any intmders. A message is immediately
S.
4.
......,..............,......
of phetagophs.
5,
cantml,
.....
..
......,............
Make enHeanywhem inside or within 100 metres outside. Paging facility.
to the control
60 grey shades for better
table lamp
With buill-in pre-recorded message or facility to meerd your own. Speaker
Desk top publishing at an eennomical Compatible price. High inulvtion, with a wide rango of systems.
Sent
photocopier pocket calculator signmaking kit
laser printer office chair
..,...................
,...
High n=sulation
transmission
Onynescomplete
One touch diallinã
colour monitor with
word-processing
and other business software.
Oi,
.....................
..,.........................
20
......
Swivel hase. With
Styhob cover. Page a day. Containe conversion tables and other useful information,
ß,..
7...........,,...............,
..
...
The effective
Large quantity in stock. Immediate delivery. Dismantling and erecting
arma of fabrica.
..
....
answer
to high
.
..,
volume
duplication, Mjustable speeds.
Qualitymproduction.
mervlee availab3e-
9.
or without
Fully adjustable. VarieLy Extra deep evahioning.
10,
.....,...............,......
Durable self-edhesive lette", numbere and symbols in a variety or sim, Can he uaed indoors and out.
.
.....,.
...,-.........
.
White dial with black numerala. Battery supplied,
12.
II.,..,....,,,,,,,,........,,,,
Document lolio in lid, Packets for pens etc. Combination
....
..
,
8-digit LCD display.
Salar powered.
calculator,
,,,........
locka.
14.,......
13,....,,..........,..,........
..
.....
.
Funy adjustable. Rench 30 in. watt bulb,
Stainless steet cap and harrel. Supplied with 43uc refili.
15.
.
Max 60
16,-,.-.
...,.........,,.,,,--.......
.......
........
Now look through the descriptions and note down any words or phrases that will be useful for you. 21
.
.
14 Word formation
1
-
ben you look up a word in a dictionary, see if you can form other words from it. Sometimes these words will be included in the definition of the word and sometimes they wiH appear separately. Look before and after each dictionary entry to see what words you can find formed from the same basic
W word.
Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capital lettere. In some cases you will have to make a negative form by using the prefix in. er un. L
ACCEPT Ym sorry, but
this arrangement is totally to us. Pve just received their letter of so we can go ahead. ,
.
2,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
ACT
The unions have threatened to take industrial day on the Stock Exchange. Ifs been a very at the moment. The IWD department seems full of. .
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8.
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ADD Well be bringing out several to our product line. bonus if I exceed my sales tm•getby more There's an .
.
4.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
than 10%.
ANALYSE We3] need a detailed cost
Most 5.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
think
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
we're in for
befom giving final approvaL
,
a difficult time.
APPLY
Unfortunately we can't ínterview every I sent in my letter of and they phoned me the next day, when them am fewer than 10 employees The ogulations am not .
.
,
,
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6.
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ASSIST Wet need some financial He was in a meeting so I apoke .
7.
.
ATTRACT One of the
,
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
to enable us to buy more stock. to the manager,
,
.,
,
,
of the offer is
They were ofTering a very
.
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.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
the free training course. .
.
salary so of course I was interested.
22
8.
COMMERCE vehicles en the road these dayst There are so many viable. I m afraid the scheme is not that we're going somewhere else. The resort has become so As well as newspaper advertising, we plan a series of TV ,
.
,
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9.
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,
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,
CONTRACT
The
,
.
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,
We are 11.
.
CONNECT flight didn't leave until 10 o'clock. My with their ofTer of an agency. We sent them a letter in in the hotel trade. She has some useful .
10,
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
,
,
told me the office will be ready by next month, obliged to provide adequate seenrity for the shipment
has
.
.
,
.
.
DIRECT
I enclose a map and to help you to find our office, will make the final decision about the scheme. The board of I found the company by looking in the local trade with the manufacturer. I always deal There's been another frorn head office about photocopying. .
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DIFFER Installing air-conditioning has made all the supplier this time. We've decided to try a We'll have to agree to I still think it would be better to go by mad. .
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DISTRIBUTE in this area, so we're fomed He's the sole The increase in petrol prices will push up our .
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,
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.
15.
.
DECIDE .
14.
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,
He>LInever make a good manager. He's so A on the new factory is expected soon, 13.
.
.
.
.
12.
.
.
.
,
to buy from him, ,
,
.
,
costs,
ECONOMY on electricity, so switch off those lights. haven't found a solution to our problems. All those wonderful We must
,
,
,
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,
,
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,
,
,
23
15 Opposites
1
-
ben you see an adjective in a sentence, ask yourself if it is possible to it by its apposite. You will notice that some adjectives have several opposites depending nu the context.
W
replace
The opposite of short, for example, could be long or tall. Can you think of any more examples like this? A good dictionary will help you. It's another word partnership poblem!
Complete each sentence with the opposite of the word in brackets. Choose from the following list. Use each word once only. approximate
basic
complex compulsory
permanent
.
.
.
,
8, The post went to an
,
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,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
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.
.job
8. She has a
.
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.
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,
,
.
.
has a
12, There was a
,
.
,
,
,
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.
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
success. (COMPLETE)
.
.
.
.
.
.
as this! (HIGK)
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
term. (LONG)
in his office. (OPTIONAL)
.
.
.
,
,
reaction to my suggestion. (POSITIVE)
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
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.
.
,
,
.
.
.
sector. (PUBLIC)
in efficiency. (SLIGHT)
improvement
,
.
the
management structure. (SIMPLE)
18. We could see he was using very 14. He's got himself a
..
the
10. Wages have risen more slowly in 11. The company
..
as a shorthand typist. (PART-TIME)
.
9. Them was a very
,
industry in the ama. (HEAVY)
6. We'n expecting big savings in
tie was
,
(EXTERNAL)
candidate.
,
to be as .
,
has been a
sales figures? (EKACT)
.
4. I didn't expect my salary
7. Wearing a
short
low
the
5. There's a lot of
private
partial
1. The new complaints procedure 2. Have you got
marked negative
full·time internal light
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
equipment.
(SOPHISTICATED)
Job as a mechanic, (TEMPORARY) 24
16 Word partnerships
2
-
Match each adjective on the left with a noun on the right to l'orm common partnerships. Use each word once only, Write your answers in the boxes,
Set 1
¯¯
1. S. 3. 4.
annual early
a, conference b, credit
extended limited
5. 6. 7. 8.
natural
c, dismissal d, enterprise e. LiabHity
2 3
occupational
£
pension
5 g
private unfair
g, resources h, retirement
8
Set 2 New do the same with
these
weds.
effective 2, financial 3, high 4, intmductory
a. communication
5, skilled 6, sound 7, vacant 8, wide
e. priority L pmperty
L
1
h. difficulties c, investment d, offer
3 __4
_§
6
g, range 8
h. workers
Now complete each sentence using an appropriate expression from above, 1. As a special 2. I'm going
.
.
.
to the
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
of our trade union.
3, He was only 50 but he decided 4. Thens is a abortage of
price of
they're sening two for the
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
to take -
for
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
this kind of work. 25
one,
17 Mr Baker's
trip
Below you will see pictures of different stages in Mr Baker's trip. You must decide which of the sentences below goes with which picture. Use each sentence once only, help. a. Thanks very much for all your b, Yve got an appointment with Míss Jarvis. of Baker. e. Ud like to book a room with a bath in the name d, Keep the change. Gate 24. e. This is the last call for 11i.ghtQF2, now boarding at f. How was your trip? g. Have you got anything to declare, sir? h. A return to Ashfield, please. i. Medium, please. j. The Hotel Major, please, k. My name's Baker. My secretary has booked a room for me. L Pleased to meet you. m. Here's to our continued co-operation, booked a room with n. Ym afraid there's been a mistake. Fm sure my secretary bath,
3.
d.
,,.....,.....,......,,..
26
...
.
.
,...,,,.
5.
9
11,
18..
? 9 9 Y
FS
..-
..
...
.
.
....
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.
.
.
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6
.......
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..
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14...-.
.,,,...........,
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18 Letters
3 Orders
--
Below you will see parts of four letters concerned with orders. Put the correct or phrase in each blank. Choose from the following list. Use each item once only. inconvenience quotation accept delivery range line acknowledge stock regret note eurrent issue supply reserve the right following postage terrns resume word
A. With
reference
Monthly', I
to I would
a cheque
enclose
in
advertisement 2 to order
your
like
£15
for
Easifix
Year
'Office
Planners.
2,......,,and
include
to
1,,,......of
the
packing.
B. Tha.uk you. for your 3, of Sth July for your "Pinesse" 4. of dining room furniture. We find your 5. a.nd would like to order the 6., .
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
10 "Finesse" 40 "Finesse"
We
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
satisfactory
,
dining tables at ASSO per 1tem chairs at &60 per item
supply these items within EiO days and we
-
.
,
,
dining
We 7. that you can 8.........notto9,,,,,,...afterthistime. .
.
,
.
should be obliged if you would 10,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
receipt of th18 OPdBP.
C. We thank you for your mder of 11th May for 2 Easifix Year Planners. This 11, has proved so popu.lar that we 12. to infomi you it is temporarily out of stock. ,
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
.
We hope to be able to 18, We apa agise for any 14,
,
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,
.
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,
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,
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,
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,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
,
that
supplies withm the next ten days. this may cause.
D. Thank
and
you for your 40 "Finesse''
As we are
10.......... next
in
order
dining
of 12th
July
for
10 "Finesse'"
dining
tables
chairs.
to 15.,.......you a position for them arranged have we
week.
28
with to
the
be delivered
above
items
to you
from
early
19 Word groups
--
2
with the same topic can emember that grouping together wouls connected vocabulary, meet help you to learn them. As you new see if you can think of other worda that could be used in the same context,
Put each of the words below into the correct list. Some words could go into more than one list but use each woni once only and put it into the category with which it is meat commonly associated, Can you think of any more words to add to each list? picket speculate dumping actuary exchange policyholder stock embargo bears premium strike export claim closed shop program judge sue taritT legal compatible shares data
mediate
software
trial
L Computers
2. Industrial
3 Insurance
4, International
5. Investing
0. The law
29
relations
trade
i
office
20 The electronic In
this passage about the use of enmputers in business you must fill each blank one word. Choose each woni from the following list, You must use each
with word
once only,
printer
input keyboard linked output
accurate components contínuous
floppy
screen
single supplies
modem
records retrieve
transactions
USING COMPUTERS
they are
Computers are being used more and more in business because fast, efficient artd 1.. .
.
.
.
.
.
which
Here are some ways in
are used:
computers
details of Insurarice companies use them to store and 2. policies. clients' Production departments in companies use them to ensure they have of raw materials and4. adequate s. Banks use them for processing details of accounts and 5. Personnel departments use them to keep 6. of a comparty's employees. ,
.
.
.
.
.
.....
..
.......,
.
.
,
.
-
Can you
think of any other
.
The most common ways in which you can 7. -
-froma
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
computer ce n 12. on a IS..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
information:
called a VDU (visual display unit). which may use 15. sheets or to a 14. 16. stationery. floppy disk. to a - to another computer,
-
.
-
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
information
disk
,
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
over a telephone link. from another computer 11, to yours.
-
A
.
..
9.......... by 10.
-
i
.
.
in which computers are used?
ways
computer are: by typing it on a 8....,
.
.
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into a
21 Make or do? Complete each sentence with the carrect form of make' or 1, Them's a rumour going round that Pelly's are going Squash International, 2, Please
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3. Who shall I
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I
I
to
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a bid for
to get these typed before 5 oclock. the cheque out to?
your best
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'do'.
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.
some of our workers
4, If we don't get some oniers soon weT have
to
without 5. Tm afraid you¶ have to get the part we need from the suppliers.
the other photocopier until
-
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,
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redundant.
,
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6. We've been
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business with them for over thirty years now.
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and we hope 7. Considerable progmas has been proposals to our members tomorrow afternoon. 8. The bank has decided year. 9. They've been
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to
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have
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a considerable
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these invoices to
11. Tve got all
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extra provision
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pro6t on ,
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to put some concrete
against had debts
the sale of that land,
took it over that
nobody expected
,
13. Something as simple as changing the site of the lettering on all the diffemace to your sales. .
.
.
.
this
before I can go home.
12. The business was so run down when she such a success of it. her to ,
.
a roaring trade since they decided to advertise en
,
local television, 10. We
we can
the packet can
.
14. Increasing production will even more demands on machinery which is already breaking down at an alarming rate. .
15. They could 16. We've
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17, A customer has
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some computer paper in the wages ofEce,
with
away with the old system of clocking in. ,
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a complaint about one of our salespeople. us a favour by launching their product lirst,
18. Enfact, Gravers have We can learn from their mistakes. .
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When you have checked your an.swers, underline each expression with "do' or
'make'
to help you to remember them.
31
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22 Problems, raent
my coar
problems
seems N¶
MrN
o
My typist keeps complaining of backa.che. If I were you, Fd get her a better chair.
.. '
a
-
Match each sentence below with Use each maponse once only, rµ«a
weera
la
waasexe
ocure
the best
Ï
wr"we
}
ens'r
3.
ocar
/
race, aan
were
.
»
rr,«
cow'r
par
newey
/•\
/ 6,
..,..,....................
32
......
i
]
.
.
wee ro wæseove Maya smoocer
,.......
særrovy
or
.,.....
ys
4,
eer
«wers.
..........
oog
.........,................
ewens,s
5,
2.
rease far ro amt.««ce
roera
-raeo-
row
I............,...,.......... >
on the next page.
response
ade<
3 ...,..
..
..-.
au
.
)
rsue
47
wear
t*
)
I .
..-..
 9.
& ....
ritese
I
10...
..............,....,
e swa
1L....
.........
«var
|
ser m
with,
b. Shall I get you some more from the stationery store? 4. Why dodt you loo.kfor ajob abroad? d. Have you tried getting one from
an employment agency? e. They say therfs still growth left in the leisure industry. f. How about Tusaday morning?
.
.
.
.or.warseres
...
..
..
.
..
44«
çooo
12,
,.........
a. Let's see what R & D can come up
<•i
i
I
.
..
....
..
.
..
g. I'd give them another ring if I were yo L h, Do you think arbitration would
help? i. Maybe they'll accept part payment.
j, In that case, yodd better send it registered,
k. Do you want me to look through them for you? 1. Why not fax them, then? 33
23 Letters Below you order. Put
orders
4 Delayed
-
see parts of three letters concerned with a delay in fulfilling an werd or phrase in each blank. Choose from the following
will
the correct
list. Use each item once only. deter apologise for deaIing further delay deducted issue despatching matter
refund regret reply
mislaid obliged passed promised
delivery
the delay
set
A. On Oth October I sent you an order for a 1, programs which you had advertised in the October 2, World'. ,
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,
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.
of five computer
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.
of 'Computer
.
within 28 days. 6 weeks have now advertisement 3. I have and stáll not, reasived the programs. You mvat have from my received my order as the A70 19&id by chaque has been 5. bank account. for me and send my order without Would you please look into th.is G. Although 4, ,
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your
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B. Two weeks ago I sent you a letter inquiring about my order of Sth October for five computer pPogPams which had not arrived. I have received no 8., to my letter and the programs have still not been delivered. I must aak you, therefore, either to send my order immediately OP 10 9. my þ&ÿ¾OR¾ Of ÑŸÛ. ,
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,
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,
,
I hope I shall not be 10.
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,
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,
,
to take this matter any further.
C. your
letter
12.,,,.....your
order
for
Unfortunately,
we had
Thank
you
13.........with
for
14.........
extra delay. not
of the
problems
orders
23rd. We 11.........in November computer programs.
five
with
system our new computerised rasv1t, order was as a your
ands
.
We have
Once
for
enclosed disk which
again
the
five hope we
programs you ordered will go some way to
we 15,,,,,,,,,the
IG.,,,,,,,,you
from
±nconvenience.
doing
busineas
34
with
together making up
with for
an the
it will We hope that the in future. us
24 Special areas 1 Buying and selling -
Choose the best alternative
to complete the sentence,
1. As soon as an item of stock falls below its minimum
2. 3, 4. 5, 6,
7. 8. 9. 10.
11,
12,
the computer automaticany re< rden, d. position b. level a, standard e. grade Often a discount is offered as an to get a customer to pay promptly. d. inventory b. incentive e. interim a. investment The final cost could be higher, Remember that was only an b. estimate e, encouragement d. engagement a. enquiry Check the note and see that you've got everything, b, delivered e, delivery d. delivering a. deliver please quote When ordering, the d. catalogue number a. numbered catalogue h. catalogue c, figure note telling me that the goods have been Tve just received an dispatched. d. advisory b. advise c. invoice a. advice Every month account customers am sent a b. statement e. request d. stocktaking a. final demand In the UK, VAT (value added tax) ía a tax on goods and d, eteekists b, servants e, atockings a, services If they don't their account we'll take them to court. b, pay up d, pay for a. set up c, settle By mistake we have undercharged her ao we¶ have to send her a note for the amount. b, credit d, codit-worthy c, debit a. debt If you take the sweater back to the shop they¶ want to see the to show yon bought it there. b, reception e, permit 4. quotation a. receipt It"s a market at the moment so you should be able to pick some up .
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at a masonable price.
a open 13. The market has reached new products,
b. free ,
,
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,
point so we need
,
b. saturation a. full 14. We hope that business will b. get up a. set off pobably furniture polish 15. You¶ find b. housing a, house 18. They"ve pulled down the old market b, precinct a, premises .
.
.
d. seller's
e, buyer's .
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.
to concentrate on finding
d. boíling e, filling the tourist season starts, d, pick ofT c. pick up goods. among the household 4. housewife c, when
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and built a shopping d. retailer e, franchise
35
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25 The passive notice how often
read about huainess in newspapers and magazines, form is used in sentences such as:
a you passive A the
Grove Developments have been chosen It is important
that
this will help you to
to buíld the new sporta centm.
the past participle form of every verb you learn understand and make sentences in whieb the passive is
you know
as
used.
In this exercise you have to complete each sentence by using the correct form of one of the following verbs. Use each verb once only. make send build take over set up hold tell overcome spend underwrite know say win steal lose sell 1. More
every week. by an American company last year.
than 6 million tins of beans are
3. They were
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3. No attempt was
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,
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,
4. Kent Industries are
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6. Their new factory will be
8. Over
$3 million
9. A prospectus 10. Why weren't
,
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,
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was
ellents
11. A product can be
.
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will be
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plans for
the figures.
the re-organisation
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.
on advertising last year.
,
to all potential
,
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.
went like
.
investors.
thía increase in fees?
in advance about
.
by diffemnt names in different countries.
.,
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next Wednesday.
by a leading merchant bank. ,
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so far this year as a result of .
.
the new aircraft 36
|
in
.
15. A network of service centres will be and maintenance.
that
,
on the outskirts of town. in the face of strong competition.
14. 110 working days have been industrial unrest.
16. They claim
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,
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,
12. An extraordinary general meeting will be
IS. The share offer will be
.
.
to be thinking of expanding overseas.
,
5. Once initial problems had been clockwork.
7. The contract was
.
to explain the incensistency
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to take care of installation
were
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by a competitor.
chart
26 Organisation
bink about the ways in which companies are organised inta departments with different responsibilities, Do you know the names in English of the people in charge and how to talk about their responsibilities? If not, try to find out and then make your own chart similar to the one below.
T
Below you win see a chart showing the way in which a company could be organised. In some cases, a word is missing frern the chart, Find the correct word frorn the foHowing list. Use each word once only. Write your answers at the bottom of the page. Accountant Administration Advertising Board
Control Head Innovation
Manager
Mail
L,
Managing
Processing Iteeruitment
Market Personnel
Salaries Stock
I
of Dimeters
I
The missing
I
I
words
1
|
|
|
are.
L...........
2..,.....
...
3,.
5............
A.-...,,
...
7.........
..
.....
..
BL..... 8.
.
..
9,...........
10............
1L.....,,,
,,
12.
13,...........
14.....,,,....
15.........
..
14...
37
.
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..
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..
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..
.
..
..
27 Making a presentation A. Look at the picture. Put the conect number by each of these items. feltpen........ Landont,. barchart........ pointer curtain flip chart pie chart slide projector screen ....
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notes graph.
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podium microphone .
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overhead
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projector
.
12
11
10
38
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B. Below you will see extracts fmm a presentation, You must complete each blank or phrase from the list below. Use each item from the list once only.
with a word
of all, May I begin As you know, In other words,
First
purpose priorities Finally, Next, 1,.
.
,
,
.
,
.
at such short
notice On the contrary, On the other hand, draw your attention
to date
up
to sum up
as a whole As far as
by welcoming you all, especially as this meet.ing has had to be celled
-
3. our latest project has been the target of intence speculation in the of this presentation is to media during the last few days, and the 4. happening. what has been bring you 5, on .
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fd like to ofresh your memories as to the backgmund to the 6. F11giveyou a broad outline of what we've achieved so far. praject. 7, will be over the I ll try to give an indication of what our 9. 8, next few months. .
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IfI can 10,, to the month of July, you will notice unexpected fall in overseas sales. .
II.,
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,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
domestic sales are concerned,
,
you can see
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
that there was an
that gmwth has been
sustained,
the figures for Europe 12,. we can see some quite encouraging trends. If we look at
.
.
We don't fear competition, 13..
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.
.
We could open a branch there. 14,, for a good agent to represent us.
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.
,
,
,
and Germany in particular,
we welcome it-
,
,
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,
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,
,
we may
be better advised to look
.is
a time when we must consider our optione carefully, should not rush into making any decisions,
This
So, 16,, then, don't believe everything the media few problems but the futum looks bright, .
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I 39 i
15,
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we
tella you, We've had a
W Word partnerships
-
3
Match each verb on the left with a noun on the right to form common partnerships. Use each word once only. Write your answers in the boxes.
Set 1 L address 2. arrange
a client
a. b.
a demonstration c. an employee d, an invoice e. a meeting f. an order
3, consider 4. fire 5. keep 6. pay 7. place 8. phone
1 2
a proposal
3 4 5 6 7
a record
8
agreement b. a cheque e, costs d. disputes
i 2 3 4
g. h.
Set 2 Now do the same with
these words.
L build
a.
cash 3. despatch 2,
4. express 5. postpone
a factory goods
e, f.
0. reach 7. reduce 8. settle
y 6 7
g, a meeting h.
thanks
s
Now complete each sentence by using a suitable expression from above. 1,
They hope to
2.
Onuld you
3.
It's not always easy
4.
They're going to
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by employing fewer staff.
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so we can see exactly how it works?
to .
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between management and staff.
on some vacant 40
land nearby.
29 Choose the adverb
A
1
-
e you study English, notice how some adverbs form common partnerships
with
other
Each product is
worde,
for example:
This process is widely used.
thoroughly tested.
way, you should
If you want to use English in a natural expressions like this.
down and learn
note
From the following list choose a suitable adverb to complete each sentence. Use each adverb once only, correctly eventually favourably financially
absolutely actively
considerably conveniently
1. Our new office is
.
.
.
.
.
fully
.
.
located in
.
4. Make sure you'm
.
.
.
.
.
6, You have been 7. I'm sum 8, Get
,
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,
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.
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,
to deal
.
,
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15. Our sales figures compare
,
foe
,
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,
,
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.
to the States.
was
,
,
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-
,
,
,
sound,
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,
cause a recession.
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imm
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,
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limited.
nrmto firm.
addressed.
,
out of order but it'll be soon fixed,
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when you buy one of our computers.
The tableware they poduce is
1ß. Staff should be
.
,
selected to try out our latest prodnet,
,
the envelope is
14. She learned how
.
insured when you go
.
very
12. The switchboard is
.
take it everywhere.
accepted so I
.
to this part of the factory is
11. Make sure
.
,
to check that the company
10. Production methode
13.
.
.
the Government's policy will
this software
9. Entry
.
,
.
,
,
.
5. The accountant had
.
virtusily widely
the middle of town.
3. I hope the negotiations will be concluded
3, This credit eeni i.s
tactfully temporarily
satisfactorily specially strictly
.
.
,
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,
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.
,
unbreakable,
with people who complained. .
.
with
encouraged 41
those of our competitors.
to show initiative,
30 Special areas Public relations Choose
2
-
the best alternative to complete the sentence.
1. The
task of the pubhe relations department is to project the right of a company, b. image d. drawing a, painting e, picture 2, When the product was launched they issued a press to all the news agencies, b. issue d. promotion a, escape e, release 3. According to the code of practice, a public relations officer should not .
.
knowingly
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8.
9. 10.
11.
12.
13.
15.
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d, dissolve than others. d, lavishly helps to maintain .
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.journal
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14.
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a corporate identity, b, systems d. fashions a. schemes c. styles need We servants if we want to liaise more with politicians and the government to agree to our plans, b. polite d. civilian a. omcial c. civil for the emcial opening of the new store. $200,000was b, brought about e, set off d. laid up a, set aside Sponsorship can be an effective way of promoting towards an organisation. b. goodwill d. goodness a. win e. willingness At a press reception don't gueste wíth irrelevant material, b, override d, overcompensate a, overload c. overtake The weeption most be held at a convenient with good transport and parking facilities, b, venue d. venture a. revue e. view When making a presentation to a relatively small an overhead projector can be invaluable. b. spectator d. congregation a. assistance c. audience Within a large organisation a well-designed is an effective method ofínternal communication. h, home d. Plant a. in-house e. household Participating in local events, such as carnivals, is a good way ofdeveloping relations. b. commonplace e. communal d. community a, common of communication to get our message We used every across, b. stmam d. canal a. flow o. channel .
7.
.
,
false information.
,
a. disseminate b, dissociate e, dispose 4. Some companies entertain journalists mon h. largely a, lasciviously c. leniently 5. The use of such things as logos and colour 6.
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We have to highlight our strengths and b. think through c. play down ,
a, play up
42
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.
any weaknesses, «L talk back
31 Letters
5 Sales
-
Below you will see extracts from three sales letters. Put the correct word or phrase in each blank, Choose from the following list. Use each item once only. featured needs recommend
colleagues confident convenience eligible experience
representatives specially selected subscription form terms of payment
favourable response further information highly popular
suitable value
publications
recent
complimentary copy extensively trialled
A. We have
pleasure
enclosing a L
in
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.
,
,
,
of one of our most2.
,
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.
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.
.
,
,
'Build YouP Buelness Vocabulary'. series, You will note that the book has a similar format to our 3, but conceatotes on vocabulary usel'ul to anyone '.Boild Your Vocabulary', who needs English in a business situation. from The exercises hava teen 4, and have met with a 5, for learners in The book la 6, both the classroom and teachers, use English by learner of working alone. er a We feel sure that you will want to 7. this boolt to your colleagues .
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and studente,
R, in aalling office equipment, We are a company with over 30 years 8, We have recently brought out a new range of equiptnent and furniture designed to meet the S. of today's electronic office. in our latest brochure which I have enclosed This new rgnge is 10, together with detadle of our generous 11, If you require any 12. siinply telephone me ond1 will arrange for one of our 13. to call on you. .
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-
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,
C. You
have
our
latest
Me carmet
you will
'Business
1ß,......,, weeks
publication of
course
it
fascinating
Dealings"
by my company to receive a free copy of Dealinge'. 'Susiness but we have chosen a free copy to everyone We 16,........ that you opinion. are your and want to show it to your 1¶,,,.. ..
is
published
19,........ your be 20,........ you will for
and
send
we 15.....,,,.
because find
14.........
been
monthly
and we have
enclosed
Subscribe within the next for a discount of twenty per
three cent.
.
a
32 Advertising advertising,
1
-
right choice of words can
the o at some advertisements Ilook partnerships find
which
you can
help to sell a product. If possible, in English and see how many word create a favourable impossion of the product.
Match each word on the left with a word on the right. Use each word once only. Write your answere in the boxes.
Set 1 I. Competitive 2. delicious 3. effortless 4. finest 5. full 6. glossy 7, perfect
a. brochure b, cleaning e, details d, fit e, flavoure f,
2 8 4 5
quality
g. rates h, variety
8. wide
7 8
Set 2 Now da the same with
these words.
1. forward-looking 2.
4. highly-trained
c. driving d. recipes
full
money-saving
mðuth-watering omone-friendly stress-free
e. f.
1 2
brochure
a, b.
Company
3
shoes
spray staff g. h. tips
Now complete each sentence by using an expression from above 1. Inside each cooker 2.
Our
there a a free cook hook full of
.
.
.
.
.
8.
are ready to look after your every need. With hand-made shoes you get a every time.
4.
The sophisticated automatie steering means
.
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.
44
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-
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,
-2
33 Opposites can often build your vocabulary by asking yourself if you know the opposite of one of the most important words in a sentence,
You
to learn worde in a complete sentence, This makes them easier to
It also helps remember.
Complete each sentence with the opposite of the word in bmekets, Choose from the following list. Use each word once only. You must use the coroct form of the verb. expand gain impose
complicate 1.
He's
.
.
.
2, They're 3. She
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
the company's policy on the environment. (DEFENDED)
to the bank to
.
.
.
.
.
8. Share prices 9. We
.
.
.
10. Did he
.
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,
,
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.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
think this move
15. Ship-building has He
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
his responsibilities? (EVADE)
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
(.FAIL)
thmughout the day. (LOST) that last deaL (MADE)
his appointment with that journalist? (MISS)
will
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
,
14. Getting outside finance can only
14
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
in
,
.
,
,
.
interest rates. (RAISE)
.
the deficit, (REDUCE)
the new elocking-in system
18, Won't
some money, (DEPOSIT)
,
on using the telex. (LIFTED)
gound
.
.
.
,
plan will ultimately
restrictions .
.
.
a lot of money on
.
,
,
.
.
.
the banks are going to
They say
12. I
.
think his reomanisation
7, They've
IL
,
an office block down by the river, (CONSTRUCTING)
.
the kind of person to
ð. Is he
(ACCEPTED)
my recommendation.
,
strengthen succeed withdraw
.
4. She's gone
8. I
.
reject
increase keep lose lower
demolish
accept agree attack
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
things? (SIMPLIFY)
our position, (WEAKEN)
this area over the years. (DECLINED)
that the company was in touble. (DENIED) 45
34 Word formation
2
-
Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capital letters In some cases you will have to make a negative by using the prefix i!-, mis- or un·. 1. EMPLOY In an area of high
people
are desperate to find jobs. of the firm is entitled to a 10% discount. Her gets very angry if she uses the phone too much. I'm looking for tempomry during the summer holidays. Every .
,
,
.
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.
.
.
.
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8.
It's
-
,
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,
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,
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.
2. ENGAGE The line is Cancel all my ,
.
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,
,
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.
so I¶ have to try again later, for the rest of the day, please.
.
.
.
.
.
,
EXPENSE .
.
.
.
.
.
.
to send the goods by air but they're needed urgently.
.
They offered her £15,000 plus
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
Unfortunately, on the project was much more than expected. claims am being looked at by the Chief Accountant. Kis .
.
4.
.
.
,
,
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,
,
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.
.
EXPLAIN
If you read the We're waiting for an .
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
leaflet, everything should become clear. of his behaviour in the meeting. .
.
.
.
5. EXTEND We've decided to agree to their request for Could I speak to Miss Charles, please? I think it's The factory was damaged in the fire. I agree with her conclumons. To some .
,
6.
,
,
.
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-
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.
.
.
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.
.
credit. .
.
.
.
.
.
272.
.
FINANCE
adviser is convinced the pmject will be a success, Her If the company is sound we might consider taking it over. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7. GROW There is a
.
.
.
.
.
.
awareness of the need to improve productivity, The government is worried about the in public expenditure. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
46
.
.
.
.
,
8, IMPRESS when meeting clients. It's important to create a good The results from our new French subsidiary are very by our presentation. Em afraid she was .
,
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,
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.
,
,
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,
,
-
,
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.
9. INDUSTRY In this high-tech world, Mr Fredericks, a prominent In some of the more .
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
espionage is on the increase. will head the committee of inquiry. countries pollution is a big problem.
,
.
.
.
,
,
-
.
.
,
,
,
,
10. INFLATE prices! Yve no intention of paying such is running at 201 At the moment The government most take steps to helt the .
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,
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,
,
,
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,
,
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,
,
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.
spiraL
11. INFORM Please let me know if you need any more I enjoyed her talk. It was very She no longer works for us. Em af·raid you've been .
-
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,
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,
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INSTRUCT
12.
that she's not to be disturbed. The boss has left manuaB I can't raake head nor tail of this 13. INTRODUCE tomarks and then she gave her talk. The chairman made some I'd like to welcome Jane Phipps, who, fm sure, needs no .
.
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,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
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,
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14. INVEST These shams have given me a good return on my Small were advised to hold on to their shares, .
.
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,
,
,
,
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.
,
15. IOTOW We need somebody with a good working abroad, Our company is virtually .
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
of French.
,
She's obvionily very as far as marketing is concerned. 16. LEGAL It's to sell such goods without a proper permit. of the company's action, They questioned the .
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,
,
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-
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,
,
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,
,
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,
47
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.
.
35 Formal
English
some business letters and legal documents For example, although sornebody might say: We're trying to find out where she is,
In
more formal English is used.
-
in formal English
this might be written as: We are endeavouring to ascertain her whereabouts, This is a rather extreme example as there has been a reaction against this type of language. However, it is still important to recognise this kind of formal language and to know its less formal equivalent. Complete each sentence by using each word from the following list. At the end of each sentence write its less formal equivalent. Make sure you use the correct form of the verb. anticipate comprehend elapse L He went into
2. After
facilitate
require
perceive purchase
undertake
terminate
the jewellery shop to
talking to staff we can
.
.
.
communicating decisions to the 3. A week
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
a brooch for his wife.
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
more fimdingif
.
.
.
.
8. They have
,
,
.
,
,
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,
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,
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.
to repay the
.
.
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.
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.
.
)
.
.
.
.
this scheme is to succeed. (
money
,
48
,
,
,
the
.
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.
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.
the contract.
.
)
.
.
.
by the end of the month,
9. We feel that the Directors have completely failed unsuitable the site is. ( ) .
.
)
any problems at this stage. (
.
.
,
they passed should
6. If deliveries do not improve, we shall he obliged to 7, We do not
.
.
before he contacted them again. (
.
.
.
-
.
,
.
a need for a more efBeient method of workforce. ( ) ,
4. Things should be easier now. The law settíng up of small businesses. ( 5. We shaH
.
.
to
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
how
)
36 Special areas
3 Investing
-
Choose the best alternative to complete each aantence, 1. If a company needs to raise a lot of money, it may ahares, b, issue purchase supply d, a, put up o. play an important role in the stock market, 2. Pension b. truete 4. funde a. companies c. societies 8. As an ordinary shareholder, you are to vote at the meeting, b. titled d. persuaded e, entitled e, nominated which is made up of a crose-section of sharea, reflects 4. The sham the general activity of the market. b, index d, indicator a, indication c. measure 5, A is someone who buys shares, expecting the market to rise, b. bull d. stag a, hear c. dog is a speculator who «Kpects abare prices to fall, 6, A h. Imll d. stag a. bear e. dog 7. A is a person who buys new issues of shares hoping to sell them quickly at a profit. .
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
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,
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,
,
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,
,
,
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,
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-
,
,
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,
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.
.
,
b. bull d. steg a. bear e, dog 8. Tve put part of the money into an instant account, b. meess d. entrance a. access c. exit S. Bonde issued by the government am often known as b. guilte d. debits e, golds c, gilts 10. What kind of can I expect on my investment? b. prize d, return a. reward e, surplus 11. You should have as diversified a of shares as possible. portfolio b. file d. folder a, ease e. 12. In real the $1,000you invested would be worth $5,000today, b. facts d, terms a. words e, factura 18. The higher the risk you the more money you could make, b, do d. invest a. take e, make 14. The market has been extremely over the past few years, volatile wavering ahocking b, d, moving a. e. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
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,
,
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,
,
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,
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,
.
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,
,
.
.
.
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.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
e you did
,
.
.
A
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
the exercise, did you make a note of these partnerships?
stock marlret a return on an investment Look through the sentences again and underline any other weni partnershipa you find. 49
37 Social English
2
-
Complete each of these conversations with an appropriate below. Use each response ance only, I don't
a. b.
think so,
Yes. As a matter of fact, it's my hobby, Reception's as good a place as any. Just a fnät juice, please, Yes we must. II look forsvard to it. Fm afraid not. It was fully booked, Oh you shouldn't have! Thank you! You're welcome. It's difficult to say at this stage. Oh ít doesn't matter. Not at a1L Go ahead. Do you think you could make it a bit earner?
e. CL
e. £ g, h.
i.
j. k. L
i
;
you?
çar
,
terrar c4¿v
sva
;
a_
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
14 i
emvo
,
,
.
.
,
you
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
4.
,
50
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
t've
.
.
-
...
.....-.
..
t;w asesta
.
.
,
_
E....
you
wout.o
Bacorer
rues«
1....................,......
3.
from the list
response
.
.
.
racçorrev
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
t'U.
Prek
av
Ì
e?
Vou
s ao.
RAVÆN'y
g 5..,...........,............ You
¶£7
7
TWE
THINA ©
.......
..
\
6... W U. ACP/
..
MET.?
JNRG
/ I
,....
.......
10
....
DJ'O £7
.
TRA
|
...
AN HÆt,
..
vi
.
.
YOUR
/l
...........
700
.
-
A. ........,
..
Yoo
of
TNANks
JONE
.
..
....
li
11.
..
8..
nua oc PVAff,
4/rv
'
..,,
NAVÆ (Oy
...,..........,,
E Maar
seron«?
..
,
/
40
NAY
WE
so.reusene
.
Af4^dtys
?"NÆ
....
B
TN"."A£7",7?
.4
\
/
12........
.....
M
\ ......
.
.
.....
38 Applying
for a job
to read job advertisementa in English, use them to Notice especially how certain werde and phrases keep recurring. You can also find information about the kinds of things people are expected to do in the jobs advertised.
I
f you have an opportunity
build your vocabulary.
A. Below you will see some extracts from job advertisements. Fill in each blank from the following list. Use each item once only.
with a word or phrase
attractive ability clear
initiative outgoing preference
contact experience
required skills
kitchen staff pension scheme potential customers successful candidate
suit
team
wHling busy office hard
thorough training
work
Our new 200-seat restaurant is opening in May and we are looking for waiters, waitresses and 1......... If you are a friendly and 2, person who is not afraid of 8........ we have the .
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
jobandhourato4.........you. For more information, 5....... Typist/Receptionist between
6.
.
.
.
Relen on 443021.
.
,
.
.
No will
80 and
120 vpm. vorò using,
of
experience
.
.
.
a 7.
for
give
S.
,
.
,
and
processors
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
10
.
shorthand
& and applicants
Typi
-
.
.
.
who have
computers.
TELEPHONESALES EXECUTIVE work hard and can use their own We want a positive person who is 9.........to speaking 10... You must be livelyand haveagoodseneeof hurnouranda IL voice, ...
,
...
.
..,
the benefits of
enable you to inform 18,........of
You will receive 12,...,....10 advertising with us.
...
Send c.v.to: ACCOUNTSCLERK .cf
.will
The
14,,
.
,
.
.
have
.
.
15.,
,
.
,
.
.
book
.
and
keeping
procedures.
banking
VDU end
calls for position 17.....,...tovorkaspartofa18.......
The
An 19..
had
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
salary
secretarial
10. .
is
offered
as
52
well
.
.
,
.
,
,
.
the
plus
.
.
as a company
20,.
.
,
,
.
,
B. Now you will see extracts from two letters about the advertisement for an scoounts clerk, Fill in each blank with a woni fom the following list. Use each word once only. enclose enquiries
as audio available consider
favourably for
form
position
further in
take to
with
opportunity
Dear Sir 1,
With reference interamed
2,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
advertisement
your
for
applying
the 5.
.
'Moming
in today's .
.
,
,
,
of accounts
,
,
Newa'.
I
am
clerk with your
company. Cou3d you
please
send me 4,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
details
and an application 5,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
Yours fait,hfvBy
Dear
Sir
I would
like
campany I
I am at
My dutias
Yours
,
,,
the
clerk
accounto
for
of
use
goîng
to
position
,,,,
vlth
your
tTwee
I would
because
accounts typîng
and
you
will
15.........my
at
any
application
faithfully
at
dealing
book-keeping
in
and
months, like
en 18........,
my training. interview
office
.
classes
even±og in
the copy
11,,,,
telephone
eKariti.nati.co
the
be 14........,for that
been
in
9.........and
53
la
of
position
a escretary
include and
12.,,s.....an
to
I am apply].ng
I hope
.
S........,
a week I have
I would
.
working
present
intend
leere
.
fortn.
10.........cotraspondence
I
.
appli.cation
Industries,
Twice
.
.
7.,,......my
TV
&
apply
to
time.
14,,.
.
..
.
to
make
39 Past tense
2
-
check if a verb is irregular when you learn a new one. also some verbs that end in ed in their past form have spelling, for example:
to Remember that Remember changes their in
tried
try
stop
stopped
Complete each of the sentences by using the past form of one of the verbs on the left and combining it with one of the words on the right. Use each verb once only. Some words on the right are used more than once. bring carry come
give
rely run
lay leave
draw
.
,
2. They
,
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
I
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5. The workers increase their offer. -
-
6. On
of computer paper and we had
.
.
-
-
.
.
.
8. Tbey
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
up
to order some more.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
a company in his
wife's
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
on strike when
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
refused
the management
in Bangkok for two days.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
from Priday 7th
.
to Monday 3rd.
9. Unfortunately we a supplier who was not able us with the components he had promised, 10. They
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11. In his speech he is it aR going to cost? ,
12,
,
Last year Firmin's lack of ortlers.
18. He
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
the most important detail. How much .
.
half
their workforce because of a
his original demand. We couldn't get him
.
his mind. 14. They
the money they had borrowed only after threatened to take them to const. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
to supply
to consumer pressure and redesigned the packet.
.
.
to
an agreement which satisfied both sides-
-
.
.
the meeting .
name.
for Claire while she was away at the conference.
.
the way to Australia I
7. They
over
to
a survey on biological detergents.
.
but he
.
off on out
in
.
3. He was bankrupt 4.
back forward
set stand
pay
1. We
stiek stop
to change we had
40 Special areas
.
4
-
Accounting Choose the best alternative to complete the sentence, 1. It's up to the accountant to b. intercept a. interpret .
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
the various financial statements. 4. translate c, invent
2. The bookkeeper keeps a record of every fmancial b. transaction e, entry a. action 3. It's essential
to
a. estimate
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
d.
transcription
the invoice number in any correspondence. d. tell c. say
.
b. quote
of the invoice goes to the customer, another copy goes to Sales, and we keep the other one here in Accounts, d. account b. issue e, top copy a, photocopy with our supplier over this invoice so don't pay it until 5, We're in hear from you me, d. distrema b. dispute e, agreement a. argument 4. The
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
8. We send a a. reminder
.
,
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
to customere who haven't settled their accounts, d, memory h. remainder c. remembrance
.
.
into parts and labour it would make them these figures could be easier to understand, d, laid down b. broke.n down c. munded up a. set up of about £100,000, 8. This company has a weekly payroll d, wage b. c. salary a. pay Our reserves, 9. Buying that new machinery has serionely 4. deprived b, depleted c. depressed a, depreciated 7. If
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
and other dpenments we were able to the balance find out that the company was not doing as well as they claimed,
10. By examining
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
b, ledger e, secount a, alip 11. Surely we can set some off these expenses h, for e, on a, against .
,
.
d. sheet
.
.
.
.
tax.
.
4. from
.!
12. The rent for the office is already 8 monthe b, in the red c, in demand a. overtime 13. Due to the economic climate we have had to year than ever before. b. write off c. find out a. ten off .
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
d. overdue .
.
.
.
more bad debts
d, note down
they have enough working to keep trading? d. currency b, capital accounts expenses e, a. assets. 1ð. Such items se buildinge and machinery are known aa Current liquid fixed d. b. hidden c. a. 14. Do
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
55
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
this
41 Important
adjectives
is often a poblem difficult
in English. It is a good idea to make Este of words yourself regularly on them. you When you make two lists with the words and see how many mom examples you can think of.
find Spelling to spell and test have done the exercise below,
Is an
'e°
"a'or an
missing from
the following wonis?
connd nt consist at const ut conveni nt curr at
depend nt
perman
domin nt effici at
reluet
extravag at insolv ut
signine nt
Now complete the following sentences by using one of the each adjective once only. 1. Ym
.
.
.
that we'll reach our target
.....
2. You should be familiar with 3. We must process 4.
without
the regulations
these orders in a more
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7. 7.00 workers were made
.
8. You couldn't get a more 9. The figures need
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
updating
11. The company fell unexpectedly
13. It was 14. He's
,
.
.
15. We are
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
solution.
effect en their sales.
..
the factory closed.
as we get more information.
the
.
from its .
,
policy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
level much longer! .
.
market position.
on discounts. You never know where
to spend so much on the press reception.
.
to invest any
.
.
.
.
,
location than next to the station!
,
10, I hope interest rates don't stay at
12. I wish they had a more you are with them!
.
when
.
.
.
..
work,
to your
way.
.
5. Short-term measures arm't enough. We need a rnore
campaign had a
atUeetivesabove. Use
any difficulty,
Unfortunately, the accounts show the company is
6. The advertising
nt
nt redund nt relev nt
.
more
money at the moment.
on overseas suppliers for most of our components, 66
42 Word partnerships
4
-
Match each adjective on the left with a noun en the right to form common partnerships, Use each word once only. Write your answers in the boxes,
Set 1 L continnous 2. fundamental 3, illustrated 4. multi-national 5. patential
a.
aid
1 2
b. brochure e, control d. company customer
8 4 ð
disagreement
6
8. prompt
e, f.
7, strict 8. visual
g. reply h. supply
7 8
Set 2 Now do the same with
these words.
L advanced 2. alternative
s.
arrangements b, attention
1 2
8. close 4. competitive
8 4
considerable essential
c. expense d. labour e, materials f, quote
manual
g. requirement
raw
h,
5, B. 7, 8.
5 8 7 8
technology
Now complete each aantence using a suitable expression fkom above, 1. We can't use
the hall so we'll have to make
2. They were recently
taken over by a
,
.
3. Ed like you to meet her. She could be a 4. I want you
to pay
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
-
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
-
.
to everything he does. 57
,
.
.
.
F
43 Special areas 5 relations Industrial -
Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence. 1. Where there was a closed non-union workers, b. work a. shop
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
e, factory
take place within the
2. Talks most a. network
agreement an employer could not hire
.
& business
of the national agreement. d. working party e. framework with inflation, 8. We feel that salaries should at least keep b. stin d, pace e, place a. step 4. They proposed to minimise the effect of redundancy by relying on .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
b, contest
.
RatBTRÌ.... a. wastage 5. With
...
.
.
.
.
b. waste .
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
d, wasting away e, time-wasting unions negotiate on behalf of groups of
bargaining the workers, not individuals, b. collection a. collected .
.
.
i collecting c. collective 6. Depending on the result of the ballot, they may a strike, b. call d, de c. make a. name 7. If they work to the job might not be completed on time. b. order d, regulation a. rule c. rules .
.
.
.
.
.
.
8. The increase will be productivity.
a. linked 8.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
on employees agreeing to a scheme to improve
,
b. connected
c. dependent
Union members were asked not b. strike
a, boycott
10. The union seemed powerlessto h. mad dog a. wildcat
to cross the
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
d, joined .
.
.
,
line, i boundary
strikes, the. d. mad bull c, bald eagle to force the staff to accept their terms, d. knock4cwn c, lockout stop
.
.
e, picket
The employers tried a b. markup a. lock-up 12. We've decided to recommend a halfday .
.
,
.
11.
.
claim.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
strike in support of our
b, token d. symbol a. voucher o. backing agreed 18. As we arbitration, wem have to accept the decision. to b. free d. party a. voluntary e, binding 14. They voted to and try to prevent the factory from closing. d. set up b, sit out a, set out c. sit in Ið. As the unions have concentrated on the lower-paid workers in previous have been eroded, negotiationes differences b. definitions d, differentials e, demonstrations a. ,
.
,
.
.
.
.
......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
58
44 In the office
2
-
Can you name all the iteme below? Use each of these werde once only, calculator
date stamp
paper clips pencil sharpener
guiHotine note pad
ruler
1,..,.
9,,.
13,..
scales
seissors stamps stapler
punch
..,
..
...
...
10....
.....
.
8,,,,,
....,
11.,.........
..
15.........,...
14.............
......,,,
Now look at
2,
tray
bin
wastepaper
.
4.
,..
.
59
.
12.
10..
the page for one minute and then cover it. See how
can remember.
L
etaples string
..
.
..
.
rnany items you
I
45 Noun and preposition Combine a noun from the list en the left with a preposition from the list on the to complete each sentenee. You must use each noun once only, but each poposition can be used more than once.
right
congratulations effect emphasis
access admiration
chance confidence
inertese interttlon interest point
experience
I. He was full of.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
result
solution
the way she had chaired the meeting.
.
2. The rise in interest rates has had a considerable of furnituæ and kitchen appliances. 3. By
taking them over
4. We have every 5. I hope
.
.
.
.
they find a
.
.
shall gain
we ,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7. Is
there any
8. We need
.
.
.
.
-
,
.
.
,
to put mom
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
10. 11.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Thereseemedtobelittle........
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
the way.
14, As
a
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
sales
markets.
problem
soon!
technology,we
this some time today?
continuingthediscusefon, .
they aren't satisfied.
18. By
.
new
.
.
.
this type of work?
resigning.
.
.
improving staff morale rather
.
........
They have been offered a considerable .
.
.
information
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
for more flexibility. 12. I have no
.
,
seeing you about
.
.
.
.
.
this year,
than buying more equipment, 9. Have you had any
.
.
.
this storage
.
6. To cater for the growing have had to put on three extra courses .
,
..
your organising ability.
,
.
for in of on to
winning
It's up
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
salary in return
to them to dismiss me if
the Waverley contract!
the adverse publicity, their sales went down. -ing
of the expressions form of the verb? Look are followed by the forms. The examples through the sentences again and underHae the on this page show again the importance of word partnerships.
H
ow
many
-ing
60
expressions
46 Two-word
-
Join one woni on the left with one from the right to make a two-word partnership. Use each word once only. Write your answera in the boxes.
8. balance 4. Cheque 5. consumer 6. feasibility
.
3 4 5 _6 T
control
f,
g. form h. issue i, line j. potential k. protection L research m, scale
7. growth
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 18.
1 2
a, bid b, bonus e, book d. buyout e. chart
L application 2. assembly
mail rnanagement
market pie prodnetivity quality
_
8 10 H 12 _13
_14
n, sheet o. shot p. study
14. salary
15, share 16. takeover
15 16
Now complete each sentence with one of the expressions. 1. If you produce above 2, Working on this
.
.
this amount, you get a ,
.
..
4. We carried out extensive 5. He's at
the bottom of the
6. According
to the
.
.
.
.
...,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
every day is very monotonous.
..
has made a
3. A big multi-national
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
for our company.
.
.
.
before launching the product.
.
.
.
so how can he aflord it?
they made a lay 61
profit
last year.
2
47 What's the job? In this exercise you will see extracts from job advertisements. You must decide which job is being referred to in each case, Choose the job from the following list. Each job is referred to once only. Be careful because some of the jobs are looking for similar qualities from applicants. accountant
advertising
clerk
executive
assembly person
chauffeur
computer operator draughtsperson motor
meebanic
You will be in charge of a team of highly creative individuals
salesperson
responsibilMies arid selection. tammunicatian tkille arid a pragmatic waysach to my niem soimists anential.
With mechanical design to work as a member of a Icum producing designe and drawing for producti""Expertence of our product range is not emmmlial,
Duties include filing, malling, recepflon Cind ottier general office work.
3..............................
4..-..........-....,.......
Needed for night shift. Clean modern factory.Varied work, Good eyesight essential.
Successful applicantwiFIbe arliculateand presentattle. Remunera1ion includes retainer and car allowariceplus commissionstructure.
5..,.......................-...
O.........................
experience
relfef
62
.
receptionist
EII1n particular for reertrrttnerrt
dehvermgnew quality prod.ucts and enhancing our existing range.
L
personnel officer R&D Manager
Sober habits, clean driving
Reporting directly to Managing
licence, able to be on calI 7 days per week at times, Uniform supplied.
Director, You will take over
financial control for all aspects of daily operation.
the first person our
You are
Must be experienced to the of repair and maintenance heavy duty vehietes, Referer must be provided from pwvious employers.
clients will meet so you need to be friendly, stylish and efficient.
10...
9..............................
soñware Is essenflol but trolningwillbe given to the successfth obove-ITrentoned
....
rov gli he en essential of an agency =asponaisi,
in the
Some OXperience
....
.........
"""
You will
accounts.
for 6°P
°°"
*
meter
be
,,,,,,,syy,
go, es, se¯ior.stravice of leeni promotions. national
apphcool,
12..
11.,............,...............
......,......
and
...
.
...
did you notice word partnerships e you were reading the advertisements, such as financialcontrol and communication skille ? Look through the advertisements again and see how many more you can find.
A
Complete each of the sentences below with a suitable word partnership from
taken
the advertisementa.
L We're looking for new products
to add to our
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
of this team, We can't do without her. but it ruins your social life 8. You get more money if you work on the
2. She's an
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4. He had a very to solving problems. 5. I didn't get the job as a driver as I didn't have a with 8. My are health and safety but im also concerned welfare of ernployees. .......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
63
i a
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
the general
48 Special areas Choose the best alternative 1, Insurance a. llfe
6 Insurance
-
to complete each sentence.
companies can be considered as professional
b, rish
.
c. chance
2. Some of the language in insurance ordinary people. b. policies a, premiums
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
is incomprehensible
.
takers.
d, misfortune
c. rates
to most
d, invoices
3. The company will the policy,holder against loss of or damage the insured vehicle. be respect d. engage a. identify e. indemnify .,
...
..
.
4. Insurance companies like you b. submit a. process 5. Go to an insurance........
a, bænker
to
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
claim as soon as possible.
your
.
to
d. proceed
e, assum
and see if you can get a better deal. (L merchant c. speculator
b. broker
6. In these inflationary times it is important to keep the value of your policy closely to the value of your property, adapted b, linked d, dependent a, e. indicated .
.
.
.
.
.
7. My insurance a. range
.
.
company offers a wide b. hranch c. rank .
.
.
.
.
,
of cover,
.
,
8. His insurance company had told him not to admit was clearly his fault. b. likelihood a. legality e. liability
9. My endowment policy will b. mature a. ripen 10.
.
.
.
.
The
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
company. a, proposition 12. The insurance
a. void
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
,
even though it
cL crime
when Pm sixty-five. d. bmak es flourish
form you fill in is the basis of your contract with the insurance b. application will be
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
c, enrolment
.
.
.
,
,
d, proposal
if you omit any relevant information, d, priceless c. invaluable
.
b. valid
13, You're allowed 30 days'. b, favour a, grace 14,
.
,
insurance originated in the fifteenth century. b. Sea d. Marine e. Navy
....
a. Boat II.
.
,
d, standard
,
.
for
the payment of the renewal premium. d. permission
o. way
Make sure all this equipment is insured b. against a, over c. with .
64
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
acefdental damage.
d. from
'take'
Complete eneb sentence with the correct form of below. Use each werd once only. can chair
down further
charge consideration
home off
1. You should accidental damage. .
2. We had
to
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
..
.
.
extra staff during
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
up
risk
.
,
.
,
....
.
.
the holiday season. .
.
into
have in
we
........
.
the product had been mentioned on
after
.
television. 5. A good sales rep can
seriously steps
an additional policy covering you against
.
.
the list
and a word from
on out over
8. When all the transport costs have been fact made a loss. 4. Sales reaHy
'take'
with
49 Expressions
.
.
.
over £500 a week.
-
6. Irmy phonerings,couldyou.....,,,
the,,,.....forme?
......,.tosee
that wedentleseourmarketshareasa this increased competition.
7, We must........ result
8. If
of
the boss is ill, who'll
8. He didn't seem 10,
Don't
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
to
.
.
.
this
I I, In 1988 we were
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
the
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
at the meeting?
Angela. Ym just
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
Mrs Jenkins has been appointed
very
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
thinking aloud,
by a large multi-national company,
.
seven days, we shall be obliged
within
the account is not settled to........thematter....
12. If 13,
,
the threat of redundancy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
to
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
of our Canterbury
branch, for this kind of poduct but you don't get and again,
14. Ym not sure if there is a market anywhere without........ a
........now
15. They decided not to for other potential purchasers, .
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
Notice
take'
the option, so we had to look around
worl partnerships and other words,
ence again how important
expressions using
.
65
are. UnderHne
all the
language
50 Colourful
who write about business like to use idiomatic expressions interesting to the reader. regularly, it is important to understand
any Journalists to make what they say more M As some of these expressions occur
them and
them down.
note
Complete each of the sentences with one of the words or phrases below. Use each itern once only.
fall by the wayside hefty knoek nose-dive 1. They attempt .
.
.
stamp teething problems
to
.
undermine wiped off
rubber
.
.
woe
the housewife with special ofTers. in the first few months, the new system has proved to be a
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
2. Despite great success. 3. He then turned to the knew would be unpopular. .
thorny problem type.·cast
on the grapevine ride rough-shod ride the storm
carry the can a dawn raid
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
of appraisal interviews,
.
.
a topic which he
4. If you over your opponents you should not be surprised if they take every opportunity to get their revenge. her position in the 5. She accuses some of the directors of trying to company. 6. They had heard that he was thinking of leaving. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7. They were left to 8. Luckily we were able .
9. The pound
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
,
to
.
.
.
....
after ,
the firm collapsed. until things had calmed down. yestenlay when the trade figures turned out to ,
,
,
,
,
took a be than anyone had expected. IO. Over £17 million was the value of the company after it announced that they had made a substantial loss. .
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
much worse
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
was
11. She's been as a risk-taker but in fact she's usually a very cautions person. 12. The committee did little more than the new policy. .
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
........
the rush for profits. 14. They gained control of the company after that caught the directors and the stock market completely by surprise. 65p to 85p. 15, The bad news caused the shares to 13. Inevitably many new products
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
in
.......
,
,
,
66
,
,
,
,
.
,
words
51 Confusing
2
-
Choose the correct word for each sentence. 1. THask my bank manager for advice/ advise about investment. 2, He Erst spoke brieny/shortly
3. She hopes to get a ebairlseat 4. We checkleontrol
about the agenda for the day. on the board. very carefully.
each new consignment
5. I enclosed a complementsloompliments 8. Do
these cars confirmiconform
slip with the catalogue.
to the new safety regulations?
7, You shouldn't read confident/confidential
documentd
8. Normally, she's a very conscientious/conscious
9, The unione criticised the government's 10. If you pay
economieleconomical
policy.
too much tax you get a discount/rebate,
1L Lawyers here only get 12. The income/salary 18.
worker.
their fee/wages
from
if
they win the case.
the investment is £52,000 a year.
She took her case to an industriallindustrious
14. Unfortunately we have mislaid/misled 15. The secotary
made notes/notices
16. The overtakettakeover
tribunal,
the original invoice.
of what was said at
the meeting.
bid from Jenkins came as a complete surprise.
17. Please send me your latest catalogue and price/prize 18. We've increased produce/productivity
list.
by 10% in this factory,
see if you can write a new, correct sentence using the inoormet word from each of these sentences. This win help you to remember how to use
Now
the worda you have seen.
67
| Ik
r
52 Word formation
-
3
for words that are formed from the same basic words and test yggiself, Try (O Use the WOKÏB in remember them. help you looking
to keep Make lists of these Remember to This will word.
sentences.
Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capital letters, In some cases you will have to make a negative form by using the prefix
die- or un-. 1. MANAGE
Since the The
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buy-out profits have risen sharply. Director sent a letter to every member of staff, .
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It makes sense to break the task up into 2. NEGOTIATE The salary is Unfortunately, .
,
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,
,
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,
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,
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,
,
,
.......
.
steps.
so how much do you think I should ask for? with the union have broken down. ,
8. OCCUPY The block has been since the fire. Dust is an hazard in this factory. .
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4. OPERATE by tomorrowmorning. The oil rig should be in profit of at least 20 million france next year. We expect an The scheme should be fully by this time next year. The switchboard was unable to find the person I wanted. .
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5. OPT Although insurance is I want to leave my .
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we strongly recommend it. open, so I haven't given him my answer yet.
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ORIGIN
6.
intended to close only three of our branches. We frern the Sales Department. The idea is said to have perhaps too much, in fact, Her proposal showed a lot of. .
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7, PREFER We'll obviously give They gave her the loan at a .
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to candidates with previous experience. ......
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rate of interest. 68
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8. PRODUCE in thme months. in perfect condition, factory the with Ymafraid our talks the manufacturera have been Any bonus will be paid every 4 months.
The new model should be in The finished must leave ,
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9. FROFIT Any line which proved was immediately discontinued, employed in other departments? Oculdn't some workers he more of the business. Doubts have been expressed as to the .
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10.
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RESTRICT
They have imposed on the sales of certain electronic goods. practices Such trade are not in the public interest. I'm afraid access to this information is .
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11. SATISFY What job
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can anybody get from working on an assembly line? outcome. We hope the discussions with our creditors will have a with the service and complained to the boss. The customer was ,
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12.
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SYSTEM
approach in this type of work, You need to have a We need to carry out this survey -
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18.
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the site for the new factory.
of
name for our new chocolate bar.
VARY
Our company produces Remember the intenst They put forward .
O 2.= sa,
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of toysrate is so you could have poblems. suggestions but none was acceptable.
a great
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wor a.......a give preference
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.
....es
ar w.,«,are....ws,
you can find in the sentences. 89
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for ,
job eatisfaction
Underline other useful partnerships
I
.
SUIT
Tm not sure about the We now have to find a 14.
.
r i
53 Special areas International Choose
7
-
trade
the best alternative to complete the sentence,
1. Many countries, such as the United Kingdom and New Zealand, dependent on international trade, are favourably b. heavily d. grossly a. e. perfectly 2. The fact that labour costs are lower in other countries us at a .
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tremendous disadvantage,
b, does d. sells a. makes c. puts 3. If a country has a currency, importers and exporters may have to keep changing the priœs of their goods, 4. floating b. flying a, swimming e, flowing in certain commodities so that they are not 4. Some countries try to be dependent on imports. b. auf ficient d. self-financing c. self-sufficient a, economic 5. It's better to start exporting on a small and then expand if things go .
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,
,
,
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,
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.
well,
d.rate h. measurement a. measum e, scale made 6. Because of high shípping costs, it mon sense to a manufacturer to produce our range of furniture. d. handle h. lease as license e, ontrol 7. The government has imposed protective tariffs to stop the of cheap imports which threatened to destroy domestic industries, d. storm b. famine c. flood a. rain words 8. Some manufacturers were accused of in other selling goods abroad at a lower price than they wem sold domestically. d, devaluation b. revaluing c, flooding a. dumping 9. Employing more staff has reduced our time in the port. b. tum-round d. turnover c. turn back a. turning 10. The technical for electrical equipment can vary from country to .
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country.
d. uniforms a.justification b, rules e, specifications 11. Many goods coming here are subject customs duty. d. with b, to c. of a. for contains details of the goods, their 12. Among other things, a destination and the name of the ship carrying them, b. way-bill a. bill of lading e. bill ofexchange 4, receipt 13. The person the goods are sent to is caBed a .
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,
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.....
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à consignee d. master a. consignor e, commissioner where 14. She looked at the ebeek goods produced. were the to 4. trade mark a. Certificate of origin b. test certificate e, postmark 15. Because of the recession, several ships have been laid b, out 4, up a. off c, down .
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70
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54 Colour idioms |
Complete each sentence with the correct coloor. 1,
His supervisor gave him a
third time this
2. I must be on some kind of getting codit.
for the
8. We're waiting
.
.
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,
look when he
,
week.
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,
,
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,
,
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.
Est because I have a lot of difficulty
..
light from head office
campaign.
I
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,
,
,
to launch our publicity
they heard a factory was going to be built in
4. Incal maidents protested when helt area, a .
turned up late for the
,
the contract until I see
5. I won't believe we've got
6. Among the
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.
7, There were several found that they had been .
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,
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,
,
,
,
,
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-
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-
,
12. They'm looking
.
and
...
.
to say who exactly has
10. The company found itself several thousand pounde in the spending so much on improving its production line. 11. We lose millions in economy.
.
tape and speed up the decisiom
9. That's a bit of a ama. It's difficult responaihility for recruitment. .
.
tricked!
making process,
.
.
faces when these so-called financial experts
,
.
8, We need to cut through all the ,
down in
goode, washing machines are our best sellera.
.
.
it
tax
for a
.
.
every year because of the
revenue
.
,
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,
,
,
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.
after
,
knight to help them fight the takeover bid,
18, Then, out of the she offemd me a job managing her new restaurant. You can imagine my surprise. ,
,
,
,
,
,
to roll out the
14. We have
,
...
,
,
.,
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.
.
carpet for him as he's one of our best
customers, 15. The dramatically ,
,
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.
.
,
revolution has meant in the past few years.
15. The Government intends
spots.
that food exports have increased
to allocate more 71
L
money
to unemployment
.
.
.
.
.
'
and preposition
55 Adjective
Combine an adjective from the list on the left with a preposition from the list on the right to complete each seatence. You must use each adjective once only, but each preposition can be used more than once. acceptable
capable consfatent contrary dependent
acenstomed available aware
familiar popular
L I'm sum
they must be world. the over
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will
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be
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they're used all a discount.
....
time.
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,
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,
,
,
her success and sa
,
they
expectations, our sales figures went down last month.
....
.
.
6. Our new range of toya has proved very have watched the television programme. 7. Any decisions made must be marketing strategy,
,
,
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.
........any
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.
children who
.....
tbe company's overaH
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,
took me some time to become
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,
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,
,
checking every machine at
,
thatshould preventusfrorn .
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.
.
understanding
.
point but it isn't really
11. That's an interesting discussion.
.
......
regulations
9. Em not........ exporting to those countries, 10. We need somebody who is
....
......
I
engíneer is 8, The maintenance least once a week.
12. It
.
.....
at any
.
The other salespeople were an were pleased when she left. .....
on to with
,,......interview
8. I wiß be......
5.
for of
our products as
.......
2. If you pay within seven days you
4.
proud relevant responsible well-known
eligible envious
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,
,
,
,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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.
.
using
.
German. .
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.
our
the new system.
.,......them,
13. They will only sign ifthe 14. It's risky
to be
15. He was so
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termaarefully........
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only one supplier.
.
his firm's achievements that he talked about
.
them to everyone he met.
16. This company is
.
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
the high quality of its products.
72
56 Word partnerships
5
-
Match each verb on the left with a noun on the right to form common partnerships, Use each word once only. Write your answers in the boxes
Set 1 a compromise a conference
1, attend 2. consult 3, estabneh 4. issue
a. b.
5, reach 8, rectify 7. subsidise 8. transfe.r
e, instructione f. a lawyer
i 2 |_3
e, an error d, funds
4
5 6 7
g. priorities h.
the staff canteen
8
a deal a demand
1 2 3
Set 2 these wonia,
Now do the same with 1. «Hocate
a. b,
2. break
e, duty d, figures e, the market
3. clinch
4, corner 5. meet 6. pay
f.
_4
5 6 _7
new ground
g, standards
1. raise 8. update
h.
8
tasks
Now complete each sentence us.ing a suitable expression from above. 1, They 2. I had
.
.
to
so the food's not too expensive,
.....
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
on
.
those items when I came through customa. to take you to court
8. If they're threatening 4. How easy is it
to
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.
.
,
,
,
,
.
d better
to a bank in another country? 73
|
you
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.
57 Special areas
8 Personnel
-
Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence, L The personnel department a job analysis, which is a detailed study of the elements and characteristics of each job. b. carries out d. goes through a. carries on c. goes on .
2.
.
.
.
.
.
.
They write a job description specifying the b, objectives a, objects c. resulta .
.
3. You should encourage employees b. to tell a. for speaking 4.
.
,
,
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,
.
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.
.
6. By organising job
.
departments. a. revolution 7. After
,
,
,
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.
.
.
openly about any problema.
,
d.
our
.
a, evaluating
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
to speak.
reprimand.
d. overt
very well with the e. get by
other secretaries. d. get though
you can give staff experience in many different
.
b. recycHug .
of the job, d. characters
,
e, to say
The Erst step in the discipHnary procedure is an h. oral a. aural c. open
5. She doesn't seem to b. get en a. come on
.
e. eirculation
4, rotation
training programme, we made some changes.
b. valuing
e. vindicating
d. validating
8. Our selection procedure
is based on the aId saying; "You can't fit a a round hole." b. stick d. peg c. wood
.ínto
square a. bar
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
9. Before you get a. medicine
the job you have to have a b. mechanical
10. Training new staff is b, priceless a. costly ....
11. We can't use a. sexual 12.
......
.
.
.
.
,
h. sexy
.
.
.
.
.
.
so you must pick c. valuable
titles such as
..
.
examination. d. medicinal
.
e, medical
'postman'
the right person.
d. cost-effective
and Tireman'. d. sexism
e. sexist
We have a policy of our own employees first for any vacancies. b, considering d. telling thinking a. e, asking -
-
-
..
.
,
,
13. As part of the process, Personnel check each applicant's qualifications before considering them for interview. b. warning d, forecasting a. monitoring c, screening .
14.
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
Tests are used to measure the applicant's for the job. b- success discrimination d. aptitude a. attitude e, .
74-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15, The personnel department helps to organise an each new eroployee. b. orienteering e, inducement a, orientation 16. If we have to dismiss an employee this means the failed in some way, b, chosen e, selection a, selective 17. Highly-skilled jobs are usually advertised in the .
.
.
,
b. speciality a. special 18, Using a standardised application need. a. particulars
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
for
programme
4. endurance pocess has ,
,
d. choice
.
technical magazinee.
.
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
such as
media,
d. specialisation form ensures we get aH the we c, speelalist
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
CLexperience c. peculiarities in the 19. One important aspect of welfare is ensuring that there is no h. specialities
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
work place,
d, disemtion h, harmony e, discrimination a. discrepancy 20. Some of the employees wem not happy about the introduction of a yearly
interview. d. appropriation approval b, appraisal e, appreciation a. 21. Her work was beginning to suffer because of family d, commitments b. commissione c. competition a, committees with 22. After a time employees may feel they are a job they find .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
tedious,
4. attached b. stuck c. fastened His work is generally satisfactory but unfortunately he has against his supervisor, a d. grudge b, dissatisfaction e. disagreement a. hatred me? Tm not the only one *Why does the personnel manager always who comes late!" 4, pick out b. pick on c. pick with a. pick up we sometimes make loans to employees, In cases of d. hard sell. hardship cash hard b. c. hard labour a, unorthodox may In R & D. for example, employing someone a, glued
28.
.
24.
25, 26.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
..
,
,
,
,
,
produce stimulating
,
,
.
.
.
ideas.
d, hardly b. scarcely c, lightly a, slightly ia kept on every senior meniber of staff from the 27. A complete moment they am appointed. 4. diary L. paper c, dossier a, document staff is essential so that know that their efforts are 28. Positive .
.
.
.
.
.
appreciated, a. feedback
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
b, discrimination c, commentary 75
d, notification
58 Expressions
'in'
with
emember to keep looking for examples of words which cambine together to form common expressions. There are several expressions in EngHab using povositions, If yon look up one of these expressions in a dictionary you will sometimes find it under the pæposition. Of'ten, however, you have to look under the noun. Hem are some expressions
'in'.
with
Make sure you understand
doing the exercise. in accordance
with
in debt in due course in error in a position
in advance in arrears in circulation
Put the correct expæssion from each expression once only. 1. We regret that
are not
we
2. We have sold your car 3. The government 4.
5.
He is heavily did. -
.
..
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
it was £8,000
6. You'll receive half been completed.
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
the payment .
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
the information installing
.
.
.
.
and the æst
.
when
the work has
in our warehouse.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
this
so please try and be patient,
a new computer-controlled system, so your
tookhim to court because
12. The goods were damaged
.
We apologise for any inconvenience
.
order might be delayed.
11. They
the amount of money
the exact figure was £7,985.
8. The goods were sent........ may have caused.
10. They are
your instructions.
,
because he stin hasn't been paid for the last job he
7. We have over 500 carpets
9, You should receive
in transit
to
extend you any more credit.
...,
wants to reduce
,
in the process of in round figures in stock
the above list into the f'ollowing sentences. Use
.
,
them before
.
.
.
.
he was 14 monthe .
.
-
from 70
.
.
.
.
,
...
with
the rent.
the factory to the warehouse.
59 Advertising
2
-
Choose the best alternative to complete the sentence, Look up any words you don't know. 1. With effective advertising a company can become a b.household c, housewife's a. house 2. We need an effective campaign b. set ont a, fire
3. During the commercial women's
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
name. d. home
,
.
,
our new product range. d, launch e, set off
to
.
,
there was an advertisement for a new
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
magazine,
b, breakage
a, break
4. The first thing an ad must do is
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
the reader's eye.
,
6. We need a name for the product which will b, attract e, succeed a. draw .
6. They decided homes. a. shot
to do a mail
.
,
,
.
,
d, reach
e, find
b, catch
a, trap
d. interval
c. pause
,
.
.
...
.
to teenagera.
.
4. appeal
people interested
to get
,
.
in
d. list
c. trial
b. shoot
7. All advertisers must obey the industry's a. practice code b, code of practice e, practical code .
.
8. Advertising on a, peak
the
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
very expensive
b, high
audience,
10. Newspaper advertising b. counted a. accounted .
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
12. As part of our service we provide b, point-of-sale a. selling point
a, copy
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
hours,
would appeal
,
d. came
figures befom deciding
,
d, revenue
display materiaL
.
c. appointed
4. salemmanship
audience. d. captive e, captivated
b, slave
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
for each advertisement. d, media copyright e,
the art work while I write the b. copies
77
.
.
to
d. target
c, circulation .
viewing
4. big
c. comprised
13. If you advertise at airports, you have a 14. She does
.
for 45% of the totaL
11. Advertisers look at each newspaper's where to place their advertisements, b. population a, circular
a. emptumd
.
d. code word
c. goal
b, arrival
a. aim
.
to ensure that the advertisement
9. We did a lot of reseamh .
.
.
during e, audience
television is
their holiday
.
.
.
.
.
,
60 Letters 6 Exhibition information -
Below you will see an extract from a letter giving information about a business from the Kat below. Use
exhibition. Fill in each blank by usíng a word or phrase each item once only, emphasis enter field speakers
enelosed may
company details
complimentary
great pleasure look forward up to date
comprehensive range ideal opportunity new feature
conveniently situated dieensaion series of lectures
We have 1.,
,
,
,
.
.
.
,
two 2.
in snelosing
.
.
.
.
.
.
in-depth
for
.
,
tickets
this year's Business
Beene Exhibition. As your business grows it is import.ant to keep 8. developments. With over 400 exh.ibitors this year bigger and Þehter than ever.This is the 4. the latest products, servlees and publications. ,
A 6.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
of the Exhibition
.
,
,
,
,
,
this year is a 7,
,
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
with the latest
the Exhibition to see a 5.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
On
is
.
,
.
,
.
.
.
Of
international
from around the world trade and investment. Distinguished 5. will give their views on the changes taking place. Speela19.. will be given to the ever-increasing role of the new teelmologies especially in of international communications. the 10., .
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
As you will see from
venue 13,
.
,
.
.
.
The Thrhibition
Simply 14..
.
,
there w1]l be opportunities
We 16,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
for 11..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
of
.
-
,
,
.
.
.
,
open from 10 a.m to 6 p.m. on lat, Snd and 3rd May.
is .
.
.
the Rahibition takes place at a the 12,. only a few minutes' walk from the station.
your names and 15.. and bring your tickets to the business show .
.
.
.
At the end of each lecture the 18eues ralsed.
.
.
.
.
.
to seeing you there. 78
.
,
.
.
.
,
on the badges provided
of the yearl
61 Word partnerships
A
6
-
a you use English in business you meet several expressions using example: exchange of contracts brand of soap
'of',
for
Can you think of any mare? In this exercise you utust complete the expression on the left by veing one of the words on ¾e right. Use each word once only. Write your answer in the space provided. 1, breach
of
.
,
,
3. flag
of
.
.
.
4. Leave
of
5, loss
of
6. margin
of
7, period
2.
code
absence
of.....,,,... ,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
contract
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
convenience
.
.
earnings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
of
,
.
.
.
8. port
of
,
9. rate
of.,-,.......
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
eror
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
hands
of
11.show
of...........
12. standard
of
.
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
embarkation
.
10. scale
.
charges
living
.
.
.
notice
.
,
practice
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
return
.
Now complete the following by using an expression from above, 1. She looked for an investment
with a better
2. The shipaails undera,,..... 8. They sued him for
,
,
,
4. The rneeting approved
,
..
.
.
.
.
tosave money, .
.
as
was not completed
the work
the motion by a
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5. In Œeory, public mlations officers follow a seriet.. 79
on time.
.
Y
62 Social English
-
3
Match the sentence on the left with a suitable response on the right. Use each sentence once only. 1, And what line of work
a,
are you in?
No. This is my first visit, in fact,
2. Fm afraid I haven't bought the letter.
b.
At this time of day? Not very good, Ym afraid.
3. Best of luck on Friday.
c.
Smart move!
Shall I get you a taxi?
d.
We've enjoyed having you.
e.
Thanks! WeT need it!
6. What are
the chances of finding him at home?
f.
Shall we say about eleven thirty, then?
7. Do you know Chicago at all, Wendy?
g.
I might have. 11 look in my diary.
8. Tve decided to look
h.
Public relations,
9. Thursday morning would suit me fine.
i.
Never mind. You can give it to me tomorow.
10. You haven't got bia phone
j.
No, its all right, thanks. The walk will do me good.
11. How's their recruitment drive going?
k.
Not too bad. I made some useful contacts.
It's been very kind of you to put me up.
L
They've had quite a good osponse so far.
4,
5. How was the conference?
around for a better job.
number by any chance?
12.
Write your answers here:
123456789101112
Can you think of any more msponses you could give to the sentences on the left? 80
63 Special
areas
9 The law
-
Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence. L The company took out an to prevent the newspaper from publishing the story. b. injunction d. induction a, incentive c. inducement 2. Every business must operate within the legal of the country. standani b, framework d, requirement pattern c. a, .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
3. They have changed the wording regulations. b, come to a, comply with
,
,
,
the packing to
on
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
e, call up
.
.
.
the new
d.
take up 4. An employer is not allowed to discriminate employee because of en race or colour. b. between d. against c, with a. for 5. You realise that you will be For any debts incurred if you sign this agreement? b. apt 4. bound c. Tiable a. likely 8, If you fail to deliver on time you wlll te in of contract. d. hreach b. failum e. fault a. boak ,
,
,
..
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
-
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
7. The company threatened to immediate apology was published, b, sue a. court
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
for libel unless an
the newspaper
,
e. subject
8. Until you can prove you have a legal popared to de business with you,
,
,
.
.
.
.
..
Blander
d.
to the property, we are not
b, responsibil.ity d, status e, claim c, action 9. As this is the first case of its kind it realy depends on how the court......,,thelaw, b, translates d. performa e, explains a, interprets æsult 10, They proved that the accident was the of his b, responsibility d, competence a. negligent c. negligence 11, They paid £1 millíon in because of those faulty componente. b, compensation c. harm d. etton a. damage 12, We can't use that name becanae ita a Ivgistered b. patent d. copyright a. tmdemark c. logo 18. I think we should our lawyers before signing any agreement. d. consult h, contract c. consign a. confirm 14. The new law will strengthen against unfair dismissal. h. prevention d. avoidance c. grants a. safegaanis 15. Litigation is on the as consumera become more conscious of their .
.
.
.
........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
rights,
a, surge
b, escalation
c. development 81
d. rise
T
64 Choose the adverb
to complete each sentence. Use
From the following list choose a suitable adverb each adverb once only,
absolutely adversely consistently convincingly
firmly
instantaneously
unpredictably
formally highly initially
irretrievably readily
whoHy
systematically
1. The change-over must be carried out 2. Spare parts are 8. They are a
.
,
4. They have
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
6. Are you .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
one step at a
,
time.
available so there should be no problem.
,
their competitors and
out-performed
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
believe
to
.
,
,
.
.
wind
,
,
,
up
we
see no reason
was for midday?
that this range will be a winner,
9. l'mafraidtalkswith 10. We've
that their shares are
theunionshavebroken down.......,
decided to concentrate
successful,
on try to get into other markets.
11. News of the loss could
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
afTect the share price,
.
,
The managing director made a
tend to act.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
to reply .
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
important
.
,
,
,
entertaining
adverbs. 82
for a
.
,
to messages. speech.
in times of crisis.
look for and underline the word partnerships
Now
ready
the South Pacific and then, if
.
12. Electronic mail systems allow you
14. The markets
the company.
oertain the appointment
8. Their latest figures demonstrate........ big risel Buy now!
18.
.
owned subsidiary of Martin Industries.
5. Moves are under way
.
.
.
this should change,
why
7. I
2
-
containing
these
65 Letters Booking
7 a hotel room
-
Below you will see parts of two letters concerned with booking hotel roome for a company. Put the correct word or phrase in each blank. Choose from the following list, Use each item once only. rates available meet reasonable suitable pleasure brochure require training sessione full board provide requirements urge quotation hesitate single without delay
A. We intend to hold 1, for our sales representatives May next year and are looking for a hotel which provides 2, facilities. .
,
,
,
,
Our 3.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
at the end of
,
.
are as followr,: I room for lectures capable of seating approximately 80 people 6 amaller rooms for seminars capable of seating 10-12 people .
.
.
.
.
,
60-60 4.
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
rooms with bath
.
If you can 5, bosse facilities, 6, for 6 nights 7, your and finishing with lunch on Friday. .
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
We look forward
to
we would be pleased starting with dinner
,
.
hearing
.
.
.
.
,
,
to receive on Tuesday
,
from you.
B. Thank
you for your letter conference facilities,
I have enclosed
of Oth September,
inquiring
and price list our 8, As you will see, we should be able to 9, what we conalder to be very 10. At the moment our rooms arW still IL .
.
.
.
-
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
popular
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
for
you to make your reservation time of the year with many companies.
If you 14..
,
.
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
any further
information,
contact me. I hope that we shall have the 16..
.
.
.
88
.
,
,
requirements at
your
.
.
.
would 12.-
about our
please
-
the end of May, but I as thla is a
13.,
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
do not 15..
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
to
of welcoming you to our hotal.
efficiency
66 Increasing
what ways can an organisation be made more efBeient? Before you do this exercise see if you can write down in English at least 5 ways. As you read the text, see if any poínts are the same as yours.
In
Remember that predicting what somebody is going to practise and build your vocabulary.
Fill each blank with the correct word partnership partnership once only.
tasks taske
put off unpleasant routine
delegate
paperwerk
unnecessary
to say or write can help
the list below. Use each
from
separate folders set priorities
lose concentration set a time limit members of staff
skip over
pick out
have a meeting
time-consuming way
you
Here are ten key ways to improve efficiency: Avoid L.
.
,
,
.
.
,
Be ruthless.
.
Are all those statistics and memos mally
necessary?
Essential 3, 4,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
paperwork should be organised into 2..... can find what you want quÌckly.
.
.
.
so
that you and other
.
Decide which of your tasks are the most important
.
.
and deal with
them first. It is best to deal with them as soon as possible or you will keep thinking about them and 6..
Never 5.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
Know when to stop. If you are too much of a perfectionist, you win concentrate on one task and not leave enough time to do the others. Don't try to do everything yourself. Make sure, however, that the 7. subordinate is competent enough to carry out the task. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Cut meetings to a minimum. Ask yourself if a meeting is essential er if issues could be dealt with in a less 8. .
If you must 9....
waste people's
.
.
.
.
.
,
restrict it
.
.
.
.
.
to those whose presence is essential. Don't
time.
and stiek to it. This should At the beginning of a meeting 10.. avoid and concentrate everbody's mind unnecessary anecdotes etc. .
Learn 12., ,
.
.
.
.
.
,
the non-easential text and the art of speed-reading. 11.. f'acta important the message, the .
,
,
.
.
.
the
.
,
,
.
.
.
84
.
.
i
67 Special areas Management
10
-
Chaosethe best alternative to complete each sentence. especially when things get difficult, 1. You must keep staff motivated d. electrified generated b. c. fivstrated a, .
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
2. Weigh up the of each alternative before deelding. d. profits checks b. assets e, pros and cons and balances a. ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
3. A good manager must be able to handle b. impass.ive c. a, mensible .
4. He decided to let
things
5, She
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
situations,
,
the subject until later.
so he dropped
,
d, touchy
touching
d. flaæ up
c, cool down
a better atmosphere amongst the staff, d, set down b, set off c. set out
to have
.
a, container 7.
,
.
coating
...
a. set about 8. We need
.
b. ice over
a. freeze
.
arrangements in case things don't wor.k out, d. consecutive b. contingency c, consolidated .
.
,
,
.
.
.
In a meeting you must stop people talking at b. angry c, eroes a, opposite .
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
purposes, d. opposing
8. Why doesn't he stick to the point? He's always going off b, at a tangent c. hy the way a. at an angle
9. It's always difficult when a team is working b. at e, to a. in
that each employee's
10, Try to ensure a, workload 11,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
4, on the side
a deadline,
d, opposite
is not
.
too great,
e, work-to-rule
b. working practice
.
d, working party
Those who can't manage their time efficiently always have high stress........ d, levels b. etandards e, performances a. grades ,
12. The mom osponsibilities she b. took on a. took off
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
the more mistakes she made,
c,
took down
d. took out
13. I hope the project continues to run ao as it has so far, d. wisely b, confidently o. smoothly a, calmly ,
14. After
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..,
As usual, look for and underline
,
.
.
.
,
c. overwhelraing
h. overcoming
15. What can we do to impove b. mortality a, morale
.
obstacles they just managed
many unforeseen
deadline. a. overtaking
,
,
,
,
,
,
in
this department?
c. moral
useful word partnerships. 85
to meet their
d. overriding
d, temperament
Answers 1.draft 2.answer the phone, attend 1 a confennee, cash a cheque, join a team, program a computer 3.competitors, competition, competitive, competitively 4.drew, led, rose, spread 5.appoximately, Company, kilogram(me), FREE ON
BOARD
(sometimeswritten f.o.b.), Post OfEce Box 6.gone, gear, food, height
2 1.compaign, classified ad., commercial, poster 2.check in, reservation, room service, weekend rate 3.apply for, interview, overtime, training, 4.agenda, A.G.M., chairperson, minutes 5.exchange rate, owe, profit, refund 6.fax, filing cabinet, stapler, telex 3 1.calendar 2.filing cabinet 3.umbrella 4.VDU 5.printer 65iles 7,pbone 8.keyboard 9.diary 10.passport 11.vase 12.rubber (eraser) 13.pen 14.penefl 15.map 16.cheque book 4
1.Dear 2.advertisement 3.current issue 4.latest catalogue 5.price list 6.forward 7.faithfully 8.reference 9.information 10.particularly 11.model 12.still available 13.advise 14.payment 15.discount 16.price range
5 Set 1 Le S.d 3.c 4.a 5.g 6.f 7,b S.h set 2 1.h 2.a 3.d 4.e 5.f 6.b 7.g 8.c 1.offer a discount 2.export goods 3.pay tax 4.arrange a meeting down 4.dealt with 5.read 0 1.cut ofT3.found out 3,kept bach 6.put 10.broke forward 7,thought 8.got 9.built down 11.sold throughlon up over out 12.shut down IB.went on 14.rang backlup 15.took off 16.heard from ...
...
...
...
...
1.c 2.d 3.j 4.i 5.b 6.k 7.18.h 9.a 10,f 11.g 12.e 1.industrial flight 3.settled their accounts 4.lanneh a new product 5,out 7
espionage 2.book a
to dinner
8 I.advertising 2.affect 3.lend 4.postpone 5.inspected 6.delayed 7.eoooomics 8.interested 9.job 10.journey 11.living 12.measurements 13.rise 14.receipt 15.remind 16.tell 17.sensitive 18.stationery
9 1.withdraw 2.cash dispenser 3.issued 4.debited 5.emdít rating 6,financial institutions 7.commission 8.statement 9.in ful110.interest 1Loutstanding 12.standing order 13.eredit transfer 14.slip 15.salaries 16.banker's draft (also called a hank draft) 10 1.e 2.i 3.a 4.j 5,16.b 7.k 8,e 9.h 10.d 11.g 12,f 11 1.enquiry 2.pleasure 3.further details 4.besitate $.sincerely S.full details 7.supply S.enquiring 9.in production 10.enclosed leaflet 11.additional featuree I2.competitive price 13.range 14.In addition 15.date 16.doing business
86
12 1.h 2.f 3.m 4.d 5.k 6,c 7.n 8.i 9.1 10.b 11.« 12.g 13.e 14,o 15.j 1.woni pocessor 2.omoe block 3.exchange rate 4.job satisfaction 1.laser printer 2,answer phone 8,burglar alann 4.cordless phone 5,fax machine S.computer 7.diary B.office chair 9-partitioning 10.photocopier 11.aignmaking kit 12.alack 13.briefease 14.pocket calculator 15,pen 16.table lamp 13
14 1,unacceptable, acceptance 2.action, active, activity 3.additions, additional 4.analysis, analysts 5.applicant, application, applicable 6,assistance, assistant 7.attractions, attractive 8,commercial, commercially, commercialised/ized, commercials 9.connecting, connection, connectiona 10,contractor, contractua.lly 11.directions, directors, directory, dioctly, directive 12.indecisive, decision 13.diffemuce, difTerent, differ 14.distributor, distribution 15.economisefize,
economists 15 Lpartial Rapproximate 3,internal 43ew 5-light 6.short 7.compulsory 8,fulltime 9,negative 10.private 11,complex 12.marked 13.basic 14.permanent 16 Set 1 La 2.h 3.b 4.e 5.g 6,f 7.d 8.c Set 2 1.a 2.h 3.e 4,8 5.h 6.c 7.f 8.g 1.introductory offer 2.annual conference B.early retirement 4.skilled workera 17
Le 2.e 3.g 4.j 5.d 6,k 7.» 8.b 9.1 10,m 1Li 12,h 13-8 14.f
18 Leurrent issue 2.postage 3,quotation 4.range 5.terms 6,f<:dlowing 7.nate 8.reserve the right 9.accept delivery 10.acknowledge 11.line 12-regret 18.msume 14,inconvenience 15.supply 16,atock 19 Leompatible, data, program, software 2.closed shop, mediate, picket, atrike 3.actuary, claim, policybelder, premium 4.dumping, embargo, export, tariff 5,bears, shams, speculate, stock exchange 8.judge, legal, sne, trial 20 Isaccurate 2,retrieve 3,supplies (.componente 5.transactions 6.records 7.input 8.keyboard 9.floppy 10.modem 1Llinked 12.eutput 13.sereen 14.ptinter 15.single 18.continuou.s 21 1.make 2.de 3,make 4.make 5.do S.doing 7.made 8.make 9.doing 10-made 1Ldo 12,make 13.make 14,make 15.do 18.done 17.made 18.done 22 Lj ik 3.k 4.a 5.h 6.17.c S-g 9.e 10.f 1LI 12.4 Luet 2.issue 3.promised delivery 4.passed 5.deducted 6.matter delay B.mply B.refund 10,ebliged 1Lregret the delay 12.despatching
28
7.further 13.dealing
14.mislaid 15,apologiee for 16.deter 24 Lb 2.b 3.¾ 4,e 5.d 8.« 7.b 8,a 9.c 10.c ILa 12,e 13.b 14.c 15.c 16,b 25 Leold 2.taken over 8,made 4.said 5.overcome 6,built 7,won 8,epent 9.sent 14.lost 15.set up 18.stolen 10.told 1Lknown 12,held 13.underwritten
87
26 1.Board 2.Managing 3.Accountant 4.Administration 5.Manager 6.Personnel 7.Head 8.Salaries 9.Stoch 10,Mail 11,Processing 12.Market 13.Advertiaing 14.Control 15.Recruitment 16.Innovation 27 A 1.pointer 2.overhead projector 3,slide projector 4.handent 5.felt tip pen 6.sereen 7.pie chart 8.graph 9.bar chart 10.podium 11.notes 12.microphone 18.curtain 14.flip chart B 1.May I begin 2.at such short notice 3.As you know 4,purpose 5.up to date 6.First of all 7.Next 8.Finally S.priorities 10.draw your attention 11.As far as 12.as a whole 13.On the contrary 14.On the other hand 151n other words 16.to sum up 28 Set 1 1.e 2,b 3.g 4.e 5.h 6.d 7.f 8.a Set 2 1,e 2.b 3.f 4.h 5.g 6.a 7.c 8.d 1.reduce costs 2.arrange a demonstration 3.settle disputes 4.build a factory Leonveniently 2.satisfactorily 3.widely 4.fully 5.financially 6.specially ?.eventually 8,absolutely 9.strictly 10.considerably 11.correctly 12.temporarily 13.virtuaIly 14-tacLfully 15,favourably 16.actively
29
30 1.h 2.c 3.a 4.d 5.8 6.e 7.a S.h 9.a 10.6 11.c 12.a 13.d 14.c 15.c SI Leomplimentary
copy 2.recent publications 3.highly popular 4.extensively 6.suitable 7,recommend 8.experience 9.needs 10.featured 11,terms of payment 12.forther information 13.representatives 14.specially selected 15-value 16,confident 17.colleagues IB.subscriptica form
trialled 5.favourable
response
19.conveníenee 20.eligible 32 Set 1 Lg 2.e 3.6 455.e 6.a 7.4 8,h Set 2 I.b 2.a 3.e 4.g 5.h 6.4 7 f 8.c Lmouth-watering recipes 2.highly-trained staff 3.perfect fit 4.atress-fme
driving
33 Lrejected 2.demolishing 3.attacked 4,withdraw 5.accept 6,succeed 7.imposed 8,gained 9,lost 10,keep 11.lower 12.increase 13.complicate 14,strengthen 15.expanded 16,agreed 34 Lunemployment, employee, employer, employment 2.engaged, engagements 3.expensive, expenses, expenditure, expense 4.explanatory, explanation 5.extended, extension, extensively, extent 6.financial, financially 7.growing, growth S.impression, impressive, unimpressed 9.industrial, industrialist, industrialised/ired 10.inflated, inflation, inflationary 1Linformation, informative, misinformed 12.instructions, instruction 13.introductory, investors introduction 14.investment, 15,knowledge, unknown, knowledgeable 16.illegal, legality 85 Lpurchase (buy) 2.perceive (see) 3,elapsed (passed) 4.facilitate (make easier) 5.require (need) 6.terminate (end) 7.anticipate (expect) 8.undertaken (promised,agreed) 9.comprehend (understand) 36 Lb 2.d 3.a4-b 5.b 6.a 7.d 8,a 9.e 10.d ILe 12.d 13.a 14.a
88
87
Ld 2.g 3,k 4.j 5.1 6,a 7,i 8,b 9,e 10.h I Lc 12.f
38 A 1,kitchen stafT 2,cutgoing 3.hard work 4,suit 5,contact 8.required 7.busy ofEice 8,preference 9.willing 10.initiative 1Lelear 12.thorough training 13.potential customers 14.successful candidate ló.experience 16.skille 17.ability 18.team 19,attractive 20,pension scheme B Lto 2-in 3.position (.further ð.form 6,for 7,enclose 8,86 9.andio 10,with 11.enquiries 12.take 13.opportunity 14.available ló.consider 16.favourably
39 1.ran out 2.carried out 3.set up 4.stood in 5-came out 6.stopped over/olf 7.drew up 8.brought... forward 9.ælied on 10.gave in 11.Leftout 12.laid off 13.stuck to 14.paid back 40 1.a 2.b 3.b 4.c 5,b 6,a 7,b 8,b 9,b 10.d 11.a 12.d 13.b 14.« 15,e 41 1.confident 2.relevant 3,efficient 4.insolvent 5,permanent 7,redundant 8.convenie.nt 9,constant 10,current 1Ldominant 13.extravagant 14.reluctant 15,dependent
6.significant 12.consistent
42 Set 1 1.h 2.f 3.b 4.d 5.e 6,g 7,e 8,a Set 2 1.h 2,a 3.b 4-f 5.e 6.« 7.4 8-e 1.alternative arrangements 2,multi-national company 3.potential customer 4.elose attention 43 La 2.c 3.d 4.a 5.c 6.b 7.a 8.c 9.c 10.a 1Le 12,b 13.c 14.c 15.d 44 1 date stamp 2.guillotine 3.note pad 4.paper clips 5.pencil sharpener 6.punch 7,ruler 8.seales 9.scissors 10.etamps 1Latapler 12.staples 13.string 14.tray 15,wastepaper hin 16.calculator 45 Ladmiration for 2.effect on 3.access to 4.confidence in 5.solution to 6.interest in 7,chance of 8.emphasia on 9.experience of 10.point in 11.increase in 12,intention of 13.congratulations on 14.result of 4ß Lg 2.i 3.n 4.c 5.k 8.p 7.j 8.o 9,d 10.111.e 12.b 18,f 14.m 15.h 16.a Lproductivity bonus 2.assembly line 3.takeover bid 4.market ocearch acale 6.balance aheet
5.salary
4.clerk 5.aesembly 47 LR&D Manager 2.pemonnel ofHoer 3.dmughtsperson person 6.salesperson 7.accountant 8.chauffeur 9,motor mechanic 10.receptioníst 1Leomputer operator 12-advertising executive 1.existing range 2.easential 4,pragmatic 3,nightshift approach 5-clean driving Reente 6-particular member responsibilities 48 lb 2,b 3,c 4,b 5.6 6.b 7,a 8,c 9,b 10.d II,d 12.8 13,« 14,b
considention 4.took off 5-take home 6.take out 2.take on 3-taken call 7,take steps 8,take chair 9,take seriously 10-take down 1Ltaken over 49
1.take
..,
,,,
12.take
...
...
..,
,,.
further 13-take charge 14.taking
89
ni
...
risk 15.take up
50 1.woo 2.teething problems 3,thorny poblem 4.ride rough-shed 5.undermine 6.on the grapevine 7.carry the can 8.ride the storm 9.befty knock 10.wiped off 11.type-cast 12,rubber-stamp 13 fall by the wayaide 14.a dawn raid 15.nase-dive 51 1.advice 2.hriefly 3.seat 4.check 5.complimente 6.conform 7.confidential 8,conselentious 9.economic 10.rebate 11.fee I2.income 18.industrial 14.mialaid 15.nates 16.takeover 17.price 18.productivity
52 1.management, Managing, manageable 2.negotiable, negotiations 3.unoccupied, occupational 4.operation, operating, operational, operator 5.optional, options 6.originally, originated, originality 7.pæference, preferential S.production, product. unproductive, productivity S.unprofitable, profitably, profitability 10.restrictions, restrictive, restricted 11.satisfaction, satisfactory, dissatisfied 12.systematic, systematically 13.suitability, suitable 14.variety, variable,
various
53 1,b 2.c 3.d 4.c 5,e 6.a 7.e S.a 9.b 10.c 11.h 12.a 18.h 14,a 15.d
white 6.white 7.red 8.red 9.grey 64 1.black 2.black 3.gmen 4.green 5,black 10,red 11.black 12.white 18.blue 14,red 15,green 16-black ,,,
56 1.familiar with 2.eligible for 3.available for 4.envious of 5.Contrary to 6,popular with 7.consistent with 8.responsible for 9.aware of 10.capable of 11,relevant to 12.accustomed to 13.acceptable to 14.dependent on 15.proud of 16,weR-known for 56 Set I 1.b 2.f 3.g 4.e 5.a 6.c 7.h 8.d Set 2 1.h 2.f 3,a 4.e 5.b 6.c 7,g 8.d I.aubsidise the staff canteen 2.pay duty 3.consult a lawyer 4.transfer funds 57 1.b 2.b 3.d 4,b 5,b 6,d 7.a 8.d 9.e 10.a 11.e 12.b 13.c 14.d 15,a 16.c 17.e 18.a 19.c 20.b 21.d 22.b 23.d 24-.b 25.b 26.a 27.e 28.a 58 1 in a posítion to 2.in accordance with 8.in circulation 4.in debt 5.In round figures 6,in advance 7.in stock 8.in error 9.in due course 10.in the process of 11.in arrears 12.in transít 59 1.b 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.d 6.a 7.b 8.a 9.d 10.a 11.e 12.b 13.d 14.6 60 1.great pleasure 2.complimentary tickets 3,up to date 4.ideal opportunity range 6.new feature 7.series of lectures 8.speakers 9.emphasis 10.field 11.in-depth discussion 12.enclosed map 13.conveniently situated 14.enter 15.company details 16.look forward
.5.comprehensive
8.embarkation convenience
.5.earninga
6.error 7,notice 9,return 10.charges 11.hands 12.living 1,rate of return 2.flag of 3.breach of contract 4.show of hands 5.code of practice
01 1,contract 2.practice 3.convenience 4,absence
62 1.h 2.] 3.e 4.j 5.k 6.h 7.a 8.e 9.f 10.g 11.112.d OS 1.h 2.c 3.a 4.d 5.e 6.d 7.b 8,a 9.8 10.e 11.b 12.a 13.d 14.a 15.4 90
84 1,systematice11y 2.readily 3.wholly 4.consistently 5.formally 6-absolutely 7,Iirmly S.convincingly S.irotrievably 10-initially 11.adversely 1.2.ínetantaneously 13.highly 14.unpædictably 85 Ltraining sessione 2.auitable 3.requirements 4.wingle 5.povide 6.guntation 7.full board 8.brochum 9.meet 10.reasonable rates 11.available 12.urge 13,without delay 14.mquim 15.hesitate 16.pleasure 06 1.unnecessary paperwork 2.separate folders 3.members of staff 4.Set off unpleasant tasks S.Loseconcentration 7.Delegate mutine priorities taske 8.time-consuming way 9.have a meeting 10.set a time limit 11,Skip over -5.put
12.pick
out
47 1.b 2.e 3.d 4.c 5.a 6.0 7.c 8-b 9.c 10.a 11.d 12.b 13.c 14.h 15.8
91
Words included in Build Your Business Vocabulary
¢Thenumbers
refer
to exercises]
abdity as abuelutely certain da aboulgtely free
aggept as secept delivery 18 acesptable te $$ anonut for 59 no::entent7,47
acemvate20 accustomed to BB acknowledge receipt 18 metvapredictably t½ active 14 actively enconmged 29 netivity 14 netuary 19 addítian 14 udditional 14 additional featuras 11 eddress a meeting 28 adequate supplies 20 adminiet-ration allior 20 adwät liability 48 advanced tambnalogy 42 adversely 54 advertämment 4,8 advertising 26 advertising ogency 714 advertising exorative 4T advícc bl advin note 24 advim 4.51 afloei
ngendo 2
agree as agree to dißirr 14 sir charter & rental 7
allocate fash 50 ageraative arrangements 42 analyst 14 annum) conference 16 answer phone 12 puswer the phone 14 untícipate 86 any chones of 45 apelasim for 23 appeal uß nyplicable 14
applicant appliestium
14
farm 36,40
apply for 2,88 appoint a new manaAer5 appraian1 interview 57
appeer-
demonstretion 25 arrange a meeting 5 av e result aflä as a whale W As faras are concerned 2T As yen knew $7 asambly line 40 ..,
unresubly peresa 47 mangger 14 at cross purposes 67 at short notice 2T attack SS attend a conference ljg attrnetion 14 mitmeríve 14 attractive salary SS poistant
sudience 30 typing SS avñilable SS,Sð avullable for 55 aware of M audie
balance sheet 10.46
bankar's draft9 bar chari TT besie 15 hear 19,36 Best of Asc402 bili oflodingus binding arbitration
a
A.G.M.I
1
call a strike 43 esmasian B
sygenzimate 15 aptitude 57 arrange a
48
black economy 54 black Het &‡ bleek leek Ed of dírseters 14.26 onard hoek a Ilight 7 barrow & bm mtmber 12 breach of centract 61 hveak down 6 break down figures 40 break new ground 56 briefeana 15 kriefly 51 bring forword 39 brachure 65 build a fagicary$5,28 huild up 8 bull 30 Wrglar alaryn 13 WSŒ offim SS buyerk market 24 malculator44 calender 3
rangel 8 capable of BB cuplíve audience 59 tarry evi 39#7 envry the can 50 assh a choque 28 cash dispenser S cask new12 eptologue number 24 eatch the venders eye 59 c:rtificate erorigin U chairperms 2
ebannel of
communication 50 ebanitkur 47 cheek 5] check in 2
Congratulations 10
cheque tok 3.46 thief ameauntant 26 ¢ren1stían figures SO eivil mrvant 30 civil service 12 cinim 19 elow tied ad, 2 elmandrivinglimnce 47 clear spenking voin 38 clerk 47 clinch a deal 56 elock 18 close at.testien 42 cimed shop 19AB Co, I ode of pmet-ice 5941
eeneague 31 collgive bargaining da colour arbame 30 mme out en sMke 30 commercial
414
commercial hvaak 59 emmmercialvabiele 14 mmmarelalisedlid 14 commerciany viable 14 commiwinn 9 ovarannity relatione 30 mmpany detalle 60 competEble
19
compensslicm68 enmpatition I carnputitive 1 competitive price Il oympetitive quote 42 wmpetitive rates 32 mmpetitively 1 competitor 1
92
complement El cornplete 15 gemplom 15 comp¾eate 83 complíraentary copy 31 cmuplirnentaŒ L t mmpliments 51 eamply with 83 component 20 curspreimod 3Œ comprehensive range e mmpulsory 15 computer li computer operator 47 confident SL41,ul ccmfidentia) &1 confirm 51 ocibrm to 51 congmtalations en do conneeting AfgAt14
connection 14 enascientione 51 consolaus 51 ccmsider 38 congder fbr 57 munider a prepasal 28 onsiderable expense 42 considerable Ineresse in 45 considerably 29 consignee 53 coce½tent 41 consistent with Bö ecmsistently 64 constant 41 const.ruct RS cenwit a lawyer 58,68 ...
consumerprotection 46
gentact
36
contigency
arrangements Si continneumstationery
20
ccmtinuous supply 42 o.mtractor 14 metractually obliged 14 contraa to 65
eentrolóþ1 wawenienne 31 conveníant 41 conveniently located 29
conveniently sïtnated 80 emmy59 mrdlem µhona 18 mrner the market ð0 enrrectly 20
met analysis 14 cost of living 8 coatly BT com]d 1 eredit rating9 eimdit transfer e earrant 41 4.l3 current ½ane rettaic27 cut off 6 data 19 data prreassing 20 dele af invoice 11 data stñmp 44 dawn raid ßD deal with 6.23 38 Dear Sir 4 dchit 9 ici 4 note 24 debt cotinctor 7 dec¡slen 14 deeMaaW deduct 28 aufsad3@ delay 8 delegets raatine taske 80 delieïeux flavoure 32 delivery note 24 demal sh M dermanstrate conviatingly
64
deny W depandent on 41,43,õ5 deplete 40
depuit 33 depot i despatch an order 23 dampatchgoods 28 deter 28 dial 1 diery 418 difference 14
diffacent 14 differentiala 48 diesetions 14 directive 14 directly L4 disoeunt 4,61 discriminata against 88 d14erimïnstian Si dïak 20 dissatisfied
52
d49eminate Sû distribution coste 14 da a hvor21 de a roarïng trade 21 do eway with El de business 1121 du the invoissa 21 do with 21 da without 21 do yor best 21 dock 1
daninant Al damier 57 Area 1 dunghtsperon 47 dumv 1 draw up W draw yanr attratiam to 27 Amp i dumping 19,52 carly rettromant 18 economie policy 31 aannemicut ði economim 6 mononniselize 14 sennomist 14 emnemy
a
etenemy drive L2 effect s
effectivc
eamrannication 10 eñicient 41 offerticus eloning 52 elspue 85 eligible 31 eligihla for M embarge 19 employee 34 empicyer 34 amployment 34 euckme 38 emelasedleaflet 11 enclosed mes 60 angaged 34 engagementS4 enquire 11 enquiry 1138 enter 60 entertain Laviably30 metitled SS envious afö5
eraser 3 essentful member 47 essential requirement 42 establish prierfties 56 estimate 24 mude SS avaluate ð7 C¥€ntiMilly 29
exaen 15 exchange rete 2,12 caimUngreage 47 expand SS expense
gleim
s4
expenses 24 expansive 4 eKperlenee 31,38 expInnaden 34 explannamy at export 19
expmt Rends 5 exonnem thanks 28 extended credit 10ß4 extenslen 34
ytensiva}y
get through to 8
84
entsasively trielled 31 azternal 15 ©NLr*FAgsut 41 faeltitata at
fail 33 fair 1 fan by the wayside 50 familiar with 06 farrily comunigments 57
81
favourable response fevegrably 2938 fax 2
faz umchine 13 femeltility study 40 feature 31 fon31 felt gen 27 geld 60 Sie a fing; eghinat 2,3,12 Bil e vacancy ö Finally 27 Snanclui adviser 34 financial assistanes 14 fmancial difBculties 18 EmanciaHue414eUenB Enancial tranmetion 40 Emanciallymund 29,34 find a salution to45 End our B Huest quality 32
nre an emplevee
28
Grmtv bedeve 44 IRrzt of all m
IIIed
assets 40
flag of eenvenience 61 flip chart p (laat ing curranny 53 Hoog43 formally wind up 84 forward-looking
imil-opkar bonhare fyl1-tïma lB fuly insured 29
Ibr 45
22
fundamental d¼egreement 42 f¼rthur detalla 11.38 further information IIL gain 3@ geïn acessa to 45 gaar 1
get on to g
get on with li7
93
give prelkrance
38,52
glamy bochute 32
Goahaad 37 go offut a toegent GT goon S
gone
1
grade i grace 48 graph 27 great pleasure 60 green helt 54 green light 54
54 green tavslutian grey aren ð4 growing awareness 34 growing iatemt ta 45 growth 34 growth potentia146 grudge 37 Agilletina 44 handout 27 hani work 36
hard··wearingshoes 32 herdahip ST
have a meeting On have an effent en til have confidence in 4ð have experience af45 head et It&D28 hear (kom 6 hear en the grapevine 50 heavily dependant 58 hecyy 15 height 1 hesitate 11Al5 high 15 high prayrity 18
FOR i food 1
company 32 framework 43 freight I ÑOU BLDCk Î$ fuji board as Ibli details 1122 NR uf admiration
gilte 36 give emphasis to W give in Le 39
highly entertainingdi Jelghlypopular 31 highly4ewinedatsfT W2 held a meeting 26 held a training sessina 16 hotel I NOUSSETAE Ê$ 809Ë6 household name 69 ideal opiwtunity 60 illegal 34 illustrated
boetture
42
impose 33 32 impose restrictions impression 34 imipzwaaive 34 irnpave morsia 67 in a positïan to 68 in scoordance with 58 in addigen 11 in advanes 58 in arrears 68 in bimekand whits 54
fa in
breach of contract 63 ofreulatíon ö8
in onneetJon with 14 in debt 58 in dispute with 40 ín due enurse BS in etwr W in ibil 9 ín operation 52
la other words 27 in production 11.52 in veel terms 30 in round flgeres 58
in EküØk68 in tAv praeans of55 in the ved M in transit 58 in-depth díseusma 00 fo·kouse
journal 20
irretrievably 64 9,28
issue
instructions
job satisfaction Joina team i
laser printer
instruction manual ad insursues broker 48 insurance policy 19.48 inevre againet-48 interest 9 interamlad ïn 8,35 interesLing 8 intariar designer 7 internal 15 interpret.40,W interview 2 interview an applicent 5 introduction 84 introdvelery offer 16 introductory remarks 34 investment 34 investor 34
26þÈ
manual labanv 42
13 4
lawyer1
lay eKSR lay up 88 lead 1 leave of stance 01 leave out SB legal 19 leget cluím og legal framework 03 legality 54 lend 8 let things wel down GT latter of eteeptance 14 letter utapplication 14
Ett 33
insLruction St
diftChlP
MEHßging
ÛÛ
3
mediate
19
medical examinalíon 67 mesL a demand 50 meet-requimments 65 members of stalT GB microp½me 27 minutes 2 misinformed 54 mislay 23,51 misland 31 miss $$ menesasuving tips 32 mccivated 67 motor mechanie 47
level 24
rareth·watering Tamips
light 15
BS
multi-national conpany 42 natural rwources 10
limited RabiMLy16
line 18 line of work 62 ifnked 20 ifnked to 48 little point in 45 loan 1 teckout 43 long 15 look arÞund ihr 62 Icok forward to 4,60 lema25.33 lose concentrasian 69 Im of earninge 61 law 15 tower30 mail room 90 mail shet 40,69
natural wastage 43
needs 31 negative
la
negligenea 03 noget-iabis65 negsblation 62 new fesfure 60 Next 27 mightshiR 47 no intentlen of 40 nosedive 50 Net at a)I 10
note 18 nota pad 44
notes 27 51
notiep
make a bi¢ 21 make a ebeque out 21 make a complaint 21
notice Intrò 17 abjectiva 57
ûhEged25
94
occupational baser(152 oesuputional pension 16 eifer a discount ö cifica blank 12 after chair IN olTies rernítsyu7 on a.amaß sole 53 On the contrasy 27 On the other hand 27 an the rias SS uperating profit 52
operational 62
buyect 40,53
a product 7AD
input 211 insped 8 instant acessa 30 instantaneously 64
management
mas
Hable for 65 IIcense OS life 5
41
make redundant 21,41 make umful contwW 62 managenble step 52
margin of error $1 marine insurano 48 marked 15 market resourch 26.46 matter 25 mature 48 May 1 Ixgin by 27 measure 8 measurement 5
índemnify 48 indum.da) action 14 industrial esµianage 7,34 hadastrial tribunal 51 industrialisedlized Si industrialist 34 induretrious 51 innated pricca M inBatïen 34 inHationary spiral 34 information 4.34 innstmat¿ve 84 initiaHy Ed Infilave 36 íanevatum 20 intelvent
make provísian 21
kg 1
launch
14
make yongress 21
12,52
kitchen stetP38 know 25 knowledgeable M
ínome
indeciaise
50
judge 19 keep $$ keep a record 25 keep down g keep pace with 43 ABBg Up 10 Ögt@With kyboard 8,20
latest eminlegue
inconvenience is increase US
make a success 51 mpke aD Ebc difference 21 make an attempt 25 make money 55 make nota El
issue shares 36 feb 8 feb votation 57
innantive 24 income 51 Lux If
make a profit 21
issue
apportunits 36 OptiOR ÃS optional 14.W
oral reprirnand NT odontation programine õ7 originality 52 originally SE nriginate $2 ont of the blue 54 out to dinner f nutgoing 36 output 20 outstanding & everoxne a prcadem 25 overcome an obstacle GT overdus 40 c:werhead prcgeeter 27 c:werlead
avertake
30 51
avertima 2
ewe 2 owe some mency 5 awn 1 ozone-friendly spray 32 paper clip 44 part-time 15 partial 16 particular responsibilities 47 parbicularly 4 part3ewlam ð7 partitiouïng 13 pues Bß pamput 3 pay an invoice 26 Pay back 29 pay duty 56 gay tax & payment 4
payroll 10 peak viewing
honra 59
pan 8,13 pencil 8 penell sharpener 44 pension mmpany M pension anheme ES perceive
85
perfect At 32 pariad ofnotfee ô1 permanant 15,41 personnel muuaµr 25
\ personnel efficar 47
publ(estian 31
vide the storm 50
phone
pench
ring luck 6 rïng up 8
phone
44 punched tapc 20 purchase 35 27 parem
1A a
photocopier 13 piek on av pick out 66 pick up 24 picket 19 picket line 43 gle chart 27.46 plans an order 28 play dows 30
I
|
fluward 6
put
put more emphaste on 4 put cif unclessant
taske OS quality conhol 26.46 quotation 18.06 queto 40
Pleased to meat yan 10
raise 843
Pimasure
raise
11,65 PO Bax 1 cochetmienlater podium
IS
27
painter27 poinb·of·sale 59 polinyholder 19 popular with 35 port of eminarketion 61 purtfobo 30 preition SS positive 15 positisc fee ask 57 postage 18 poster 2 postpano 8 postpone a meeting 28 potannat customer 18,42 pragtnatie approanh tT preferential rate 52 premium 19 press release 30 prire ligt 4,51 prios ranga 4 printer 20 prinhar 2 prioríty 27 private 15 private enterprima 16 prïas 51 produce 51 grodu t 42 pmductivity òl productivity bonna 45.52 pmña 2 µmfit marg3e 12 profitabil3ty 52 profite%Iy 52 program 10 program a computer 1 prqiecten imaga 30
deMysty23 promote gandwill30 prompt reply 42 premise
proposal form 48 and cons $7 prend of3ð provide feellïtias 65 guhlïe 15 yublic relatione 92 pas
standatas
ad
R&D Manager 47 reage
11,18
inte of tubaru 61 mmwmateriale 42 math e compromise 56 reenb agamement 28 med back 8 readily neellable 64 reasonatile terms 65 rahate 51 receipt 824 mecive ne reply 23 receptionist 47 maipa 8 recommend 31 recruittnent 28
roeruitment
drive 49
rcchify se ermr US red carpet 54 red fana 54 red tape ð4 reduce 33 rednes cota 28 rafand
2.23
registered Lodemenc 53 regret 18 regret the delay 23 rejset 32 misvant 41 re]esan¢ to 55 re1uetant 41 rely on 30 remember 8 remind 8 reminder 40 rent einse apaus 5 reprenantative
31 mquile 35,88,¾ requimments
©
meervation 2 reserva the right 18 responsible 5:« 56 restaurant 7 regirfeted 52 rwtrictive practices 52 ramme wpplien 18 cetrieve 20 retum 35 Tide mugh-shed 50
rise 1,8 risk tekar te mam awvice 2 mbber 3 rubber.stemp 40 caler 44 Yvn a business ö Imn out of 30 mn amoothly 67 enreguarda 63 salary B.SS,51 utary scala 40
malesmanager 28 salemperson 47 satisfacLenly 29
single mem 85 sinske sheet 20 sit in 43 Skill
38
skilind mulmes 18 skip ever 80 slide projector 27
elight 15 slightly 57 alip 8
Smart move! 02 software LR este distributor 14 solve a probicm 5 sophistãoted 15 anund investment 10 upaakcra ß0 specialist media 57 Specially
selected
satiefectory autemme US saturation point 24 say 8,25 seale orchevans El
spread
1
Beales 44
449elo
peguT
saissers 44 stresu 20F scroening prommas 47 seet on the houra Bl maamity services 7 avlection greens 57 yeW.wffleïeat52 sail 25
stag36 stamp 44
sell out S send 25 aand a talex ð esusibic 3 sensitive B severate falders 08 marias of lecturee 60 service 24 set © mete Erne Mmit68 sat about 67 set aside 30
metprioritiaa
BB
met up Sö¾ settic en account 7,24 settia dispoken 2ß anxist 67
share 1 share index $$ sham issue 46 sliares 19 shoppïng precinct 24 short 15 shortly 61 should L ahow of hands El 4tut
down 4
miga a contracL B signintent 41
sigamaking kit 13 simple lö slurp]ify 33
95
29.81
apaculate 19 spend imeneyl on 24
stand in l'or:IS standard of living 61 standing order 9 staple 44 etapler 2 stapler 44 wtate 1 statement
staticuary stationery
9.24 8 8
etatinnery supplier 7 ammal25 stick to 39 still avanable 4 steek eentral 26 eteck exchange 12,19 stop otTSB stop over 39 strengthen 88 strans level 87 strows··freedriving 32 4Lritt enntml 42 atrictly limited 28 atrike 19 4tring44
senek with 57 wuhject to 63 submit a etsim 48 subastiption
form 31
subsidise the stafY
canteen 30 evoceed33 anceassful candidate 38 aue 19,88 witobility 52 auitable SI,n2 suitabic fac11ttimW
supply
11,18
CPSYBLOY ÖS EWiiEbbGRFA systematic apprunch 52 systematienRy 52¾ table lamp 13
US f 1|$$ unneceptable 14 undermine e position
undertake
underwrite 25
take take take take take
unemployment unemployment
charge of fake down 49
34
bleek spoi ð4 unfaïr dismissel 16 unimpromed 54
vaknown 84
take herne 4e take into eensideration
0
55
factinky29
a call 49 a befly knock 50 a risk 3ô,49 en examirtalian 86
WriÌ& $ŸËÛ You're walenme 37 Yours faitkihlly 4 Yours sincerely 11
49
take clTO,d¾ lake un
responsibiHtler 67 take en staff Lake out a policy 49
take (mt an injunction 63 taka over Stad¾ takeneriumsly49 take stepe 40 take the chair 49 take the matter further 40 take op en option 49 takauver híd 46,51 targeL audience 58
umweewary paperwerk gg unaccupied SE unproductive 52 unprontable 52 up ta date 27 update Hµms 56
vry 05 vamat property 10 value 31 veríobleò2
varïety 52 various .52
3 VDU 3 vase
vemme 20
virtuñRy unbreakable visual aid 42 veletfie 36
25
tariif 19 team 36 tashniol
void 48
specifiestians 55 Leething prahloms 50
wastepnper weghen 33
telex 2 tsH EE (cR the difference a teraperarily 25 temporary 15 terminate 35 ternw 18 terras of payment 31 the fallowing 15 think over S thorny problern SO therengh training 38 timaansuraing way 66 to some extent 31 to sum gy 27 token skrike 43
waar 1 weekend rate 2 wdght I welearna a visitor 5 well-known for 55 What can I get you? 2T whita goods 54 white knight 56 whaRy owned
wages El
bin 44
ubsidíary 04 wide range 19.48
wído varísty 32 accepted 29 wildest strike 43 wining 88 win a contmet 25 widely
isp copy é0
wipeoff60
tapehy altantion 67 trade directory 14 trade mulan 12 training 2 transmetion 20 transfer fundo 66 travel agent 7 t.ray 44 trial 19 tem-round time 58 type a letter S type-east WO
withdraw 9,37 without delay 25,65 With reference to 4,88 woo.50 werd processor 12
work
&
work as BS work Loa deadline El work
to role 43 espí¢al 40 working knowledge 34 worklcad 67 working
96
Build Your words
and
Business Vocabulary in a wide
phrases
teaches more than 1000 range of business contexts:
accounts
banking
personnel
law
insurance product
presentations
trade
sales
social
correspondence
management
wide
the graded range of students, and careful choice of words and topics encourage exercises efficient vocabulary extension. Suitable
for a very
in class or at horne
•
For
•
Ful answer key
•
Motivating
•
•
Lise
exercises
Variety of exercise
type
Straightforward and easy to use
If you want to be able to say what you mean in business, is quite simply the most Build Your Business Vocabulary WOrd efficient way of increasing yOLif POWer.
THOIVISON HEINLE
Visit Heinle online at: www.heinie.com For your learning solutions: www.thomsonlearning.com
ISBN 0-9
9 780908
6717-87-6
717875 >
