AJANTA THE COLOUR AND MONOCHROME REPRODUCTIONS OF THE AJANTA FRESCOES BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHY. Vol 1

ConRSll1t~.,.

CiF

umu.

DtJ'ARnLENT 01' ARCHAEOLOGY

I CENTRAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL LIBRARY Cu.. ________ 1

1,~ ____ , ___

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Cm " L DUI f'f

75/· 23.09;.1,

,

LIST OF PLATES S ERIAL NO .

I

a. PLAN OF THE LOWER STORY 6. I'LAN OF THE UPPER STOR Y

Cave VI

II

a.

Lower $wry, left wall of the amc-clumba

ill

,

I

! IV

,

V

VI

•~ •

\

.....,

,

THE BUDDHA IN THE TEACHING ATTITUDE (FIRST SERMON I) b. HEAD OF A LADY WEARJNG LARGE EAR-RINGS

A LADY WEARING LARGE EAR-RINGS 6. A DrARAPALA WEARING A LONG COAT ,. TEMPTATION OF THE BUDDHA

Back will of the antechamber, left of the shrine-door

Right of the shrine-

VII

door Right wall of the

Monochrome

VIII

l ntrnor, left wall of of the front gallery,

Upptt story, "eranda

)

Left wall of the antechamber Rigbt wall of the front gallery, left of the chapel-door

IX

a. THE BUDDHA (SCULJYI'U RE) WITH A BIiIKSHU (FRESCO) 6. THE BUDDHA

Do.

Do.

x

chamber Right wall of the chapd, right of the front galkry uf[ of the chapel-

6.

door Right wall of the ch.,pd

THE FAyADE

(MIRACLE

OF

Cave VII 5

•

Colour

Left wall of the ante-

a. DYARAPALAS BUDDHAS SRAVASTII)

Do.

ame-chambcr

F IGURES OF (SCU LPTU RE)

6. DYARAPALAS

(Text,

Right of the shrine-

Tbe.brine

a. A BHIKSHU

Grijjirlu. Fig. " Vol. I, p. 10)

Outline in red

door Right wall of the ante-chamber

a. THE BUDDHA (SCULJYI'URE) 6. AN EL EPHANT CAR VED ON A BRACKET ELEPHANTS

REFERENCE TO coPIT.S PU8t..1SHED

Do.

a.

a. A DrARAPALA WEARING A LONG COAT 6. TEMPTATION OF THE BUD· DHA

Monochrome

above me pillars

,..,

l

COLOUR OR MO NOCHROME

PLACE

S UBJECT

Mooochrom~

Do.

F,,.CUlNn

and

Burgl'lI,

XLlX-3 (Cm Temple,)

-------------------------------------------------------------~----

LIST OF PLATES Sf; RIAL NO.

XI

I'LACl:.

CO LOUR OR MONOC HROME

Back wall of the hall, abo,'~ the cdl · door to the left of tht: antI!· chamber .Back wall, above the cell-doo" to the right of the antc·chambcr

Monochromr

SU BJECT

• . THE BUDDHA L'I TEACHING A"ITITUDE

THE

6. THE BIRTH OF THE BUDDHA

Xli

PLAN OF THE CHAITYA

XIII

THE FAyADE

Do.

Monochrome

XJV

THE fNTERIOR

Do.

Do.

XV

XVI

A

GROtJP

OF

Cave IX

VOTARIES

Interior, front wall,

(NdGAS) 6. TI-IE BUDDHA IN THE TEACAL'lG ATTITUDE (FIRST SERMON I)

door Riglll wall, abo,tc pillan 8-9

a. THE BUDDlH AND ,\ GROUP

Interior, front w.tll, ItelI" the door Left wall, behiud pi! lan 1-3 u.ft wall, brhiud pil -

11,

OF VOTARJES (NAGAS) 6. THE GROUP OF VOTARIES APPROACHING A STOPA c. THE STOPA

REFERENCE TO COPIES PUBLI SHED

llC!llr wc

Colour

GriffilM. 3i H . and 38 F.

Griffillu. Fig,. 50, 52, and Outlille in red 5+- 5 (Text), and Plate: 37 H .

lan +-5

xvn xvrn

u. TilE NAGA VOTARrES

6. THE ANIMAL FRIEZE

Left side, above pilIUnI +-6

u. THE BUDDHA PREACHING

llack wall, behind the SII;pa

TO THE CONGREGATION (TH E VISIT or L'lDR .H ) 6. THE SAME, CONTINUATION XIX

xx

Behind pillar!. 6- 7

ANTMAL AND HUMA..N FIGURES 6. THE S..'ME , ENLARGEMENT or SOME FIGURES r. THE SAME , ENLARGEMENT OF SOME OTHER FIGURES n.

11 .

A MAt" A.1'IlD A BULL

•. A MONASTERY SCENE

)

Do.

Colour

Left side, above pOJan +- 6 Above pilm +

Monochrome

Above pillar 5 Above pillm 5-6

I

Back \\~.II1, left of Col·

Do.

our subjcct XVllI 6 XXI

u. THE HEAD OF THE BUDDHA 6. THE BUDDHA

XXII

PLAN OF THE CRAfTYA

XXllI

TilE INTER IOR

Left wall, above: pil. 1ar8 Right wall, abovr pillu 6 Cave

Do.

X

Do. 6

Monocbrom('

GriJIitlu, Fig. 51 (Te."t)

..

L I ST OF PLATES S,E RIAI. NO.

XXIV

•

SUBJECT

ARRIVAL OF A RAJA WITH HIS RETINUE TO WORSHIP THE BODHI TREE D. THE ROYAL PARTY WORSHIPPING THE ST(JPA ,. THE ROYAL PARTY PASSING THROUGH THE TORAI'!A XXV a. SOLDIERS ACCOMPANYING THE NAGA lUNG b. THE SAME, ENLARGEM ENT XXVI THE NAGA lUNG BEFORE THE BODHI TREE XXVII a. THE NAGA KING BEFORE THE BODHI TREE b. THE BODHI TREE AND THE GROUP OF MUSICIANS XXVIll n . THE NAGA KING WORSHIPPING THE ST(JPA D. THE SYAMA JATAKA , FIRST EPISODE XXIX a. THE gYAMA JATAKA, FIRST EPISODE D. THESAMEJATAKA,SECOND EPISODE XXX a . THE BODHISATTVA ATTACKED BY THE HUNTERS, THE SHAr;>-DANTA JATAKA b. THE HUNTERS WATCHING THE BODHlSATTVA AND HIS HERD , . THE FAINTING OF THE QUEEN AT THE SIGHT OF THE TUSKS, THE SAME JATAKA XXXI a. THE BODHlSATTVA WITH HIS HERD, THE SHAJ?- DA.."ITA JATAKA b. ANOTHER SCENE, THE SAM E JATAKA xxxn a. ELEPHANTS PLAYING IN A THE SHADLOTUS-POOL, DANTA JATAKA . b. THE BODfl1SATTVA UNDER A BANYAN TREE, THE SAME JATAKA XXXIII a. THE BODHlSATTVA UNDER A BANYAN TREE, THE SHAJ?DANTA JATAKA b. THE KING OF BENARES AND QUEEN SUBHADRA ,THE SAME JATAKA n.

CO LOUR OR MONOCHROME

PL.-'\CE

RI~ F£RENCJ::

TO COP IR::;,

"UBLl SHEU

Left wall, behind pillars Outlin~

Do.

in Kd

and BurgLu~ XXIX (01\'c T~mples) FergUJwl

Do. Do.

I

Do. Do.

Monochrome

Do.

Colour

Bllrgm, X (Notes) t .Dey, plate facing p. 106.

Monochrome

Do.

Do.

Do.

Left wall, bc-hind pillan 9-IO Right wall, behind

pillars

Do.

Lf.-.S

Behind pillan ,+- 15

Behind piUan 13- l+

Outline in red

Grijf,Ju. Fig. 2+ (Text)

Outline in red

GrijflM, Fig. Jl (Tut), and PI. +1) A, D. C and 0

Ikhind p.ill.ars 9-1.2

Beh.ind pillal'1 5-9

Ikhind pillars 2-S

Behind pillars

10-11

Monochrome lkhind pillan

8-<J

.Rjght wall, behind pilhN

rB

Right wall, bdtind piJJm 6--,

Do.

lkhind pilhN 5-<;

Behind pillars 3-4

1

Do.

L I ST OF PLATE.S SERIAL NO.

XXXIV

XXXV

COLOUR OR REFERENCE TO COPIES MONOCHROME l'U1ILISHED

PLA CE

SUBJI£CT

THE KING AND QUEEN AP· PROACHlNG THE CHAITYA FOR WORSHJP b. QUEEN SUBHADRA CONTEM· PLATING REVENGE: THE SHAI?·DANTA JATAKA

Behind pillars

a. FIGURES OF THE BUDDHA b. FIGURES OF THE BUDDHA

Pillar 5, left row Pillar 6, right row

}

Pillar 18, left row

}

Q.

XXXV1 n. THE BUDDHA AND THE ONE· EYED MONK 6. THE BUDDHA

1- 2

Pillar 5, .right row

XXXVIl n. FIGURES OF THE JlUDDHA b. DETAIL OF THE UPPER FIGURE

Pillar 5, right row Do.

XXXVlll THE FAr;:ADE

Cave XI

•

XXXIX TilE BODHlSATTVA PADMA . P~I (/)

Do.

Behind pillar 3

1

Do.

Griffiths, +2

Colour

Monochrome

Do.

Do. Colour

Back wall of the veranda, between the

door and the window On the

XL

a. THE BUDDHA WITH LIGHT EMANATING FROM HIS BODY

left

Batk w:.ill of die VtTatlda, Jeft of Ul{:

left window

b. A BODHlSATTVA

Monochrome

Back wall of [he veranda, right of the

doo,

,

CARVING OVER A CELL· DOOR 6. CARVING OVER THE HALL· DOOR

Cave XII

THE BUDDHA (SCULPTURE) b. CARVING ON A PiLASTER

Cave A'V, lihrine ) Cave XVI, vernnda. left cnd

XLln

THE PLAN

Cave XVI

XLIV

a. -PILLARS

Hall, front tOW Shrine

XL!

XLII

Q.

Q.

b. THE BUDDHA (SCULPTURE)

XLV

XLVI

Do.

Cave XV

A BRACKET (APSARASES?)

Front corridor, pillar '3 from the Jc=(r

b. ANOTHER BRACKET (APSARASES?)

Front corridor, pillar '3 from the right

DESCENT OF THE BUDDHA FROM THE HEAVEN OF THE TUSHIT//S ( I) 6. THE SUTASOMA JATAKA

Back

Q.

Q .

wall

}

Burgas, XXIX (Repon)

Monochrome

Monochrome

Do.

of the

vcr:md:t, left of !.he small door on the left Vttanda, above pillars J- 3 8

Oudine in red

Griflitlu,

51- 2

LIST OF PLATES SERIAL NO.

XLVlI

XLVIII

DESCENT OF THE BUDDHA FROM THE HEAVEN OF THE TUSHlTAS (I) •. THE SAME, CONTINUATION Q.

Q.

COLOUR OR MONOCHROME

PLACE

SUBJECT

Back waU of the "aaudah, lefr of the

imerior, front wall, above we small door

THE DEMONS

left

on the

• . THE HASTT JATAKA ( I)

Below subject

I

•. THE HASTI JATAKA ( I) •. THE SAME, CONTINUATION

Do. Do.

L

THE MURDER OF A CHILD

From corridor, lefr

(Ytiloka

wall and tadjoining pilaster

LI

THE MU RDER OF A CHILD

(Jatala Lll

identified)

nOI

Do.

Outline in red

(l

XLIX

nOI

Monochrome

IrnaJl door on the left Do.

Do.

Monochrom.: OutlillC: in

r~

MOllQChrome

;dmrfPed)

TT-rE DYING PRINCESS (THE DESERTED WIFE OF NANDA I)

Left

corridor,

be-

Colour

twetn the j)ilastcr and

Griff/In) Fig.

++

(Text); Hurin,!ham, XXXV

the finr cell-door

un

THE CONVERSION OF NANDA

Ltft corridor, above the tint and 5ttond ctll-doon

Do.

UV

THE CONVERSION OF NANDA

Above the second and

Do.

Fhrringham, XXXIV

tbird cdl-doors

LV

Q.

THE MANUSHl BUDDHAS

Left wall, above the

third cdl-door Right of the fourth

6. AN APSARAS (I)

Monochrome

cell-door

LVI

c. ANOTHER APSARAS

Rigbt of b

THE BUDDHA WITH TWO ATTENDANTS •. A UON OF THE BU DDHNS THRONE c. THE BUDDHA IN THE TEACHING ATTITUDE

u.ft wall, right of the fourth cell .door Do.

Q.

d. AN ELEPHANT PROCESSION

The wall of the back corridor, righl of the fint cdJ-door Back waU, lell of the:

Do.

.hri~

LVII

T1-1E BUDDHA IN TEACHING ATTITUDE

Q.

THE

Back wall, bctwoe:n the first aud second ccll-doors

LV\II

•. AN ELEPHANT PROCESSION

Back wall, left of the shrine

THE BUDDHA PREACHING TO THE CONGREGATION

The wall of the back corridor, right of the shrine 9

Oudine in rtd

Monochrome

Griffitlu, Fig. 5'

•

LIST 01' PLATES SERIAl. NO.

L[X

SUBJECT

SUJATA OFFERL"1G FOOD TO TIlE BUDDIIA

PLACE.

The wall of the right

COLOUR Ok REFERENCE TO COP IES MONOCHROME PUBL ISH ED

Do.

Grfffitlu, Fig. So

doen &rwecn the third and fourth cdl~doors

Do.

Griffidu, Fig. +9

Above the: tlrst and

Do.

Gr!ffitAr, Fig.

Do.

Gri./filk, Fig. 47

Do.

Grilfitlu. Fig. 45

corridor, above the

third and founh ccllLX

LX I LXII

l.XUl LXIV

SCENES FROM THE STORY OF THE RENUNCIATION,ONEOF THE FOUR DRlVES 1 A PALACE SCEN E, TH E CONcEPT
ON (I)

second cdl-door!.

A GROUP OF LADIES: BIRTH

Left of the previous

OF THE BUDDHA THE HOROSCOPE OF ASITA, AND THE SCHOOL SCENES A AAJA DISTRJ])UTlNG ALMS (nol ;d~/ifod)

Plate Left of the first cell doe, Cave XVII, back wa..Il of the veranda, above

t.8

Do.

the door and window

LXV LXVI

U.:VII

A RAJ A DlSTRIBUTlNG _"LMS, DETAIL A PALACE SCEN-E (nI)/ identified)

!NDRA AND APSARASES

LXVTll APSARASES, DETAIL LXIX TIfE SEVEN MANUSHJ BUDDHAS AND MAlTREYA LXX THE MANUSB! BUDDHAS, DETAIL LXXI APSARASES

on the left Do. B.'lck \\--aI1 of the \'eranda, above the window, left of the

Do. Colour

ill

hall-door Right of the preceding subject Do. Above the hall-door

Do.

GriJ/ilhr, 60

Do. Do.

Gri,ffi,k, 61

Do.

Do.

Do.

Right of the hall-

Do.

Burgm, XVll (Notes) j BuringAam, IT

dom

LXXll .~ APSARAS (I), DETAIL LXXlll TI-IE STORY OF THE FURIOUS ELEPHANT, FIRST EPISODE LXXIV THE STORY OF TI-1E FUR100S ELEPHANT, CONTINUAnON

G"ijfitJu,58 j Herringham,

Do. Right of the preCeding ,ubjcct Do.

'0

Do. Monoehromr= Colour

Do. GrtlfitM, 62

•

•

•

AJANTA

APSAlUSES: CAVE XV[

AJANTA THE COLOUR & MONOCHROME REPRODUCTIONS OF THE AJANTA FRESCOES BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHY WITH AN EXPLANATORY TEXT

By G. YAZDANI, M.A., LL.D., O.B.E. DIRECTOR OF ARCHAEOLOGY H.£.H. THE NlZAM'S

GOVE R,~M£.1II"

AND AN APPENDIX ON THE INSCRIPTIONS BY

N. P. CHAKRAVARTY, M.A., PH.D. EPICRM'HIST TO TH E GOVERNMENT OF lNDtA

l n 76

PART III COMPRISING ' 7 COLOUR AND 57 MONOCHROME PLATES OF CAVES VI, VII, IX, X. XI,

xn, XV, XVI AND xvn

7 51·730734 ,/0.7 (j

PUBLISHED UNDER THE SPECIAL AUTHORITY OF HIS EXALTED HIGHNESS THE NIZAM

•

OXFORD UNIVERSITY

PR E S S LONDON GEOFFREY CUMBER LEGE

•

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN

COLOUR PLATES BY MESSRS. HENRY STONE & SON, BANBURY TEXT AND COLLOTYPES BY JOHN JOHNSON AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD

-

, KEY TO THE POSITIONS OF FRESCOES

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PJ..A.'J OF TIlE CHAfTYA : CAVE IX

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KEY TO THE POSITIONS OF FRESCOES

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~ 1HE PLAN': CA YE XVI

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(a) THE BODU.lSAITVA ATTACKED DV THE HUNTERS: THE SI-JAt)-DA'''JTA JATAKA : CAVE X

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(0) THE HUNTERS WATCH1NG THE BODBlSATTVA AND 1U5 fIERD

,

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•

(c) THE FAINTING OF THE QUEEN AT THE SIGHT OF THE TUSKS

•

•

(11) THE SVAWA JATAKA: FIRST EPISODE: CAVE X

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(-~

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r:;o

..

•

(b) TIlE SAME JATAKA : SECOND EPlSODE

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(11) A LADY WEARING URGE EAR· RfNGS : WWER STORY : CAVE VI

(6) It DVARAPAU : LOWER STORY: CAVE VI

•

,

, ( ....

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(c) TEMPTATION OF n~E BUDDHA: LOWER STORY : CAVE vr

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(.) DVARAPAVtS : UPPER STORY: CAVE VJ

(6) BUDDHAS (UlRACLE OF SRAVASll ?): UPPER STORY: CAVE VI

•

•

•

•

•

•

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(.) THE BUDDHA IN THE TEACH4'>:C AlTITUDE (FIRST SERMO:'; 7J' CAVE VII

(I) 1"HE BIRTH OF TI-IE BUDDHA: CAVE \'11

•

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TIlE FAc;ADE: CAVE tX

•

•

11

•

•

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(Oil A GROUP OF VOTARIES (NJGttS): CAVE IX

tb) TIiE BUDDHA rN THE TEACHll"G ATTITUDE (FIRST SER."10N?) : caVE -IX

•

•

(. ) 'niE BUDDHA AND A GROUP oV VOTARlES (NJ Gt/S'): C.J\VE IX

... 1"

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(~) THE GROUP OF VOTARIES APPROACHING A

STClP(f: CAvE l:t

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(OI) THE BlIDDHA l'RltACflING TO THE CONCREGATION {VISIT OF LNDRA ?}: CAVE IX

(6) TtlE SMrE: WNTINUATION

, •

",

(. ) AKIMAL Ai'''D HUMAN nCURES: CAVE IX

(j)

TIfe

SAME: ENI.J\RGEMEl"'-'T OF SOME FIGURES

(t) THE SAME: ENLA RGEMENT OF SOME OTHER FlCURES

•

•

•

•

•

(11) A MAN AND A BULL: CAVE IX

•

(I) 1\ MONASTERY SCENE: CAVE:: IX

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nil KEY T O T H E P OS ITt O N S OF FRE SC OE S

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• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •e • •_ XXXV. XXXV.. U . • • • • • •... ... =w .

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xxxv.

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PLAN OF Tli£ CIlA lTYA . CAVE X

.

_. - .-

•

•

XXIU

•

•

C'-I SOLDIERS ACCOMPANYING THE NAGA. KING : CAVE X

(11) THE SAlff i: ENLARGEMENT

•

-

-

- I

•

•

Cd) ruE NJG" )"WC BEFORE THE BODYI TtlliE: CAVE X

•

(.) TAE: BODH! TREE Ar-'D THE. CROUP Of MUStCIA.'1S: CAVE X

-.- .

•

•

•

xx...

(.) THE NAGA KING WORSHlPPING THE STOPA-: CAVE X

(6)

nm

SYAiUA JATAKA : FIRST EPISODE : C.-'\VE X

•

•

(,,) THE BODmSATTVA Wl1ll. HIS fIERI): THE SHAt>.Dlu'JTA JATAKA : CAVE X

(b) ANOTHER SCENE : THE SAME JATAKA

(.) ELEPHANTS PLAylJrtlG IN It. 1.0TOS.POOL: THE SHA!,)-OANTA JATAKA; CAVE X

(.) THE 800HI SJ\TrVA UI\"DER A 8ANY.<\?oO TREE : THE SAME JATAKA

•

J(Xl UI

(..) ntB BODHlSATTVA Ul\l)E R A BANYAN TREE I "[HE St-~DA!'\' 1'A JATA U: CAVE X

(j) THE KING OF BENARf:.S A~'D QUEEN SUBllADR.O\: TIre SAM E JATAKA

•

(..) THE KL"'G AJ\'D QUEEN APPROACHI~C THE. C/Mm"A FOR WOR...."HTP

V) QUEEN SUBHADRA COl\'TEMPU,TING REVENGE: THE SllAQ-DANTA J!TAKA: CAVE

x:

-

•

•

-

(-') FIGUJU,."S OF THE BUDDHA : CAVE. X

(b) FIGURES OJ; lliE BUDDHA; CAVE X

I'

(c) THE BUDDHA AND THE QZIo"E.-EYED MONK : CAVE X

(b) TilE .BUDDHA : CAVE X

(.) FICURES OF n ·t E BVDDHA : CAVE X

(I) DETAlL OF

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