ɎȿȾȿɊȺɅɖɇɈȿ ȺȽȿɇɌɋɌȼɈ ɉɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂɘ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɈȿ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɌȿɅɖɇɈȿ ɍɑɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȼɕɋɒȿȽɈ ɉɊɈɎȿɋɋɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂə «ȼɈɊɈɇȿɀɋɄɂɃ ȽɈɋɍȾȺɊɋɌȼȿɇɇɕɃ ɍɇɂȼȿɊɋɂɌȿɌ»
ȼ.ȼ. Ƚɚɪɲɢɧɚ, Ⱥ.ɋ. Ʉɨɜɚɥɶ
ɉɊɈȿɄɌɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɄɈɆɉɖɘɌȿɊɇɕɏ ɋȿɌȿɃ ȼ ɋɊȿȾȿ NETCRACKER
ɍɱɟɛɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɨɜ
ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ-ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ 2007
ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɦ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ 21 ɦɚɪɬɚ 2007ɝ., ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ʋ 3
Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ: ɞɨɰ. ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɎɄɇ ɋ.Ⱦ. Ʉɭɪɝɚɥɢɧ
ɍɱɟɛɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ.
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦ «Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ», «ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɋɟɬɢ» ɫɨ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ 3 ɢ 4 ɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɞɧɟɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ: 230201 (071900) – ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ 230200 (654700) – ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ (ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪ)
2
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ NetCracker® – ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɣ ɩɚɤɟɬ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɟɣ NetCracker Technology, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɵ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ/ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ NetCracker Professional ɜɟɪɫɢɢ 3.2. ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɫɦ. ɜ [1]. 1.1. Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ – ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɬɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ. Ȼɚɡɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ, ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɫ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ, ɡɚɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ. ɗɬɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɟɬ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ Gigabit Ethernet, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɉɨ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɨɩɵɬɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɬɚɤɨɜɚ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ – ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶ «ɭɡɤɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ» ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɤ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ ɪɚɫɬɭɬ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɯ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, Celeron-500ɆȽɰ ɫɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɫ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ 15 ɭɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɫɛɨɢ, ɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ, ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ, Celeron-800ɆȽɰ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɚɤɟɬ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɩɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɱɬɢ «ɜɠɢɜɭɸ» ɛɟɡ ɞɨɪɨɝɨɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ. ɗɬɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ, ɧɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ, ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɚ ɧɚ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɦ, ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɫɟɬɟɣ. 1.2. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɥɟɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ NetCracker Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɵɲɟ, ɩɚɤɟɬ NetCracker ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɝɪɨɦɨɡɞɤɢ, ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵ, ɚ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵ. Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɥɚɧɟ ɧɚɦ ɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɦ ɫɜɟɪɤɚ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ NetCracker ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ (ɌɆɈ) ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ – ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɬɟɥɟɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ (ɌɌ) [4]. Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɫ 3
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɦɢ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɹɦɢ. Ɍɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ, ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɜ NetCracker (Ɋɢɫ. 1) ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ ɡɚɹɜɨɤ ɜ ɌɆɈ: ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɛɥɨɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ (ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɢ) (ɚɧɝɥ. Transaction size) ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ (ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ) (ɚɧɝɥ. Time Between Transactions). ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɬɨɯɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ, ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ. ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ «ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ» ɜ NetCracker, ɤ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ: ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɹɜɨɤ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɛɭɮɟɪɚ «ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ» ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ. transaction size ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɛɥɨɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ
time between transactions
transaction size
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ
Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɉɨɬɨɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɜ NetCracker ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ (ɜ ɬ. ɱ. ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɚɹ TCP/IP) ɩɪɢɞɚɸɬ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɭ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɚɦɨɩɨɞɨɛɢɹ. ȼ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɷɬɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ. ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɌɌ, ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ, ɧɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɵ, ɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɫɬɢɱɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ.
2. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 1. Ɉɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ NetCracker, ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɨɛɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ ɧɟɣ. 2.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ NetCracker. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ OK ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɛɚɡɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ «2read-only mode». ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɦ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ. ȼ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ.
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1. Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ (Ɋɢɫ. 2). Ɉɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɜɚ, ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɜɜɟɪɯɭ. 2. ɉɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɵɦ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɜɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ: File, Edit, View, Database ɢ ɞɪ. 3. Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ (ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 3) ɮɚɣɥ-ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ NetCracker Professional ɢɡ ɩɨɞɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Samples ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ: File Æ Open.
Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ NetCracker
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Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ-ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɮɚɣɥ Techno.net, ɧɚɠɚɜ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Open ɢɥɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɵɦ ɳɟɥɱɤɨɦ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɦɵɲɢ. ɉɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɨɤɧɨ (Ɋɢɫ. 4).
Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ Zoom 6
.
4. ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɥɢɧɟɣɤɢ ɩɪɨɤɪɭɬɤɢ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚ Devices). Ƚɪɭɩɩɵ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɩɨɦɟɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɭɡɥɚɯ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ «+», ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ. ɋɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɜ ȻȾ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ:
NetCracker, ɦɨɠɧɨ
Database Æ Hierarchy Æ Types (ɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨ ɬɢɩɚɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ) Database Æ Hierarchy Æ Vendors (ɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨ ɮɢɪɦɚɦ-ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹɦ) ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ȼɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɜ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ Cray Research C916. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ Supercomputers ɜɵɛɟɪɟɦ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ ɫ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ Cray Research, ɚ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ Devices – ɫɟɪɜɟɪ C916. Ⱦɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɳɟɥɱɨɤ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɜɵɡɨɜɟɬ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɢ ɜɵ ɭɜɢɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɟɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ, ɜ ɬ. ɱ. ɢ Price/Support. ɉɪɨɣɞɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚɦ ɢ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ Database toolbar, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɩɨɢɫɤ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ: Ɋɢɫ. 5. ɉɨɢɫɤ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ɦɟɧɸ Database, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɚɤ: Database Æ Find Æ Condition=Description Æ includes Æ Frame Relay. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɟ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ «Compatible Devices». ɉɟɪɟɣɬɢ ɤ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɠɢɦɭ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɜ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɭ «Devices». ɑɚɫɬɨ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɬɨɝɞɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ «ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɵɦɢ» ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢɡ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ Database Æ Hierarchy Æ VendorsÆGeneric Devices . ȼ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ-ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɫɟɬɢ ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɭ ȼɚɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɮɚɣɥ Techno.net. Ⱦɜɚɠɞɵ ɳɟɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɦɵɲɤɨɣ ɩɨ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɭ Cisco 7000, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ Cisco 7000 (Ɋɢɫ. 6).
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Ɋɢɫ. 6. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Device Setup ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ ɫ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ Cisco 7000. ȿɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɭɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɨɜɚɧ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪ Cisco 7000 ɢɡ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ Techno.net, ɧɭɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ PluginSetup. Ɍɚɤɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ, ɜɵɛɪɚɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɚɠɚɜ ɩɪɚɜɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɦɵɲɢ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ Properties (ɡɞɟɫɶ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɫɥɭɲɚɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ-ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢ Say description). ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ATM Interface Processor TAXI multi-mode (Ɋɢɫ. 7).
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Ɋɢɫ. 7. ɉɪɨɣɞɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚɦ ɢ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ. ȼɫɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɛɚɡɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ NetCracker, ɢɡ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɚ Devices) ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɬɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɥɟɜɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɦɵɲɢ. ȼ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ View Æ Media Colors ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɜɨɢ ɰɜɟɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ (ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ: ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ, ɜɢɬɚɹ ɩɚɪɚ, ɨɩɬɨɜɨɥɨɤɧɨ, ɦɧɨɝɨɠɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɤɚɧɚɥ):
Ɋɢɫ. 8. 2.2. ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ «Link Assistant». ɋɪɟɞɚ NetCracker ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɬ ɬɢɩ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɨɜ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɯ (LanWorkstations Æ PCs Æ GenericDevices Æ PC) ɜ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ COM-ɩɨɪɬɵ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɬɟɜɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɭ. 9
ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ FileÆNew. ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ ɜ ȻȾ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (LanWorkstations Æ PCs Æ GenericDevices Æ PC) ɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ Drag-and-Drop ɢɤɨɧɤɭ PC ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ TOP. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɧɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɭ ɜ ȻȾ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (LANadapter Æ Ethernet Æ GenericDevices Æ FastEthernet). ɉɟɪɟɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɢɤɨɧɤɭ "FastEthernetAdapter" ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ Drag-and-Drop ɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ PC. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɬɟɣ Ethernet ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɣ «ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ» EthernetWorkstation Æ Workstations Æ GenericDevices Æ (LANworkstation EthernetWorkstation). Ⱦɨɛɚɜɶɬɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ FastEthernet (Switches Æ Workgroup Æ Ethernet Æ GenericDevices Æ EthernetSwich) ɢ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɣɬɟ ɤ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɜɭɯ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ:
Ɋɢɫ. 9. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɜ: 1. ȼɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ «Link devices»:
Ɋɢɫ. 10. 2. ɍɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ (ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ, ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɵ, ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɵ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ, ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɟ ɩɨɪɬɵ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, Fast Ethernet. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɛɪɚɜ «Properties» ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɭ «Ports». 3. ɓɟɥɤɧɭɬɶ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɭ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ. 4. ɇɚɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɟ «Link Assistant» ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ «Link», ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɬɢɩ, ɞɥɢɧɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ (ɞɥɢɧɚ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɢɦɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ). 5. Ɂɚɤɪɵɬɶ ɞɢɚɥɨɝ, ɧɚɠɚɜ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ «Close».
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2.3. ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ (Device Factory) ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɢɥɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɜ ɛɚɡɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɵ NetCracker, ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɩɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ ɛɚɡ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ NetCracker (ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ C:\Program Files\NetCracker\DDB\) ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ. Ɇɚɫɬɟɪ Device Factory ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɦɟɧɸ Database. ɇɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ. ɇɚ Ɋɢɫ. 11 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɚ ɞɥɹ Gigabit Ethernet ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ:
Ɋɢɫ. 11. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ): ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɝɪɭɩɩɵ/ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɪɬɨɜ (ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɚɯ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ Gigabit Switch, ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɨɞɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɢɡ 24 ɩɨɪɬɨɜ),
11
ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ (100Base-TX, 1000Base-T) ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ:
Ɋɢɫ. 12. ɢ ɬɢɩ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ:
Ɋɢɫ. 13. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɧɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ «Gigabit Switch» ɫ 24 ɩɨɪɬɚɦɢ, ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ 100Base-TX, 1000Base-T. ɇɨɜɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɜ ɬɭɥɛɚɪɟ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ «User» (ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 5). ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɩɨ-ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɦ (ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ Gigabit Ethernet Standalone), ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɝɢɝɚɛɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɨ ɚɧɨ12
ɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ (Telecom Æ Latency) – 0.1 ɫ. ɋ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɨɣ ɛɭɞɭɬ 100 %-ɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɷɬɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ. Ɍɢɩɨɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɥɨ 0.1 ɦɤɫ, ɬ. ɟ. ɧɚ 6 ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ. 2.4. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɢ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ. Ɍɚɤ, ɩɪɢ 15 ɩɨɬɨɤɚɯ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɧɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɧɟ ɧɢɠɟ Celeron-800. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɸ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ: My Computer Æ Properties. ɇɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɢɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɧɢɜ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ: Global ÆData Flow ÆUncheck All ÆClose. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ. Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɚ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ «Set traffic». ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɬɚɤɨɜ: 1. ȼɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ «Set traffic»:
Ɋɢɫ. 14. 2. ɓɟɥɤɧɭɬɶ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɸ-ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɸ-ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɭ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ. 3. ɇɚɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɵɲɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, «InterLAN traffic». Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɳɟɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ (ɩɭɧɤɬ Select). ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ (ɤɧɨɩɤɚ Edit), ɡɚɞɚɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɞɟɣɬɚɝɪɚɦɦ «Transaction size», ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɚ ɞɟɣɬɚɝɪɚɦɦ, ɩɚɭɡ «Time between transactions», ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ «Application Layer Protocol». ɇɚɠɚɜ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Add, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ȼɚɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ. Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬ ɢɦɹ Traffic (ɧɨɦɟɪ), ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɜɵɛɪɚɜ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɩɭɧɤɬ Rename (ɩɨɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟ ɷɬɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ). 4. ɉɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ȼɚɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ Global Æ Data Flow. Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɠɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɶ) ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ. ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɣɬɟ 13
ɢɯ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨ. Ɂɚɦɟɱɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ NetCracker ɞɚɸɬ ɧɟɜɟɪɧɵɟ (ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɵɟ) ɞɚɧɧɵɟ. 5. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɩɨɱɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚ «E-mail (POP)», ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ (ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ – ɩɨɱɬɨɜɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ). Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚ Devices) ɧɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ «Network and Enterprise software». Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɢɤɨɧɤɭ «E-mail server» ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ Drag-andDrop ɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɢ. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɨɬ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ: ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ-ɤɥɢɟɧɬ, ɡɚɬɟɦ – ɫɟɪɜɟɪ. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɢɬɶ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ: Ʉɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ Configuration Æ Ʉɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ Properties Æ Ɂɚɤɥɚɞɤɚ Traffic ɉɪɢ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɜ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ, ɡɚɞɚɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɞɟɣɬɚɝɪɚɦɦ «Transaction size», ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɚ ɞɟɣɬɚɝɪɚɦɦ/ɩɚɭɡ «Time between transactions», ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ «Application Layer Protocol». 2.5. Ɉɬɱɟɬɵ ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ NetCracker ɨɬɱɟɬɵ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: Tools Æ Reports ÆBill of Material Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɨɬɱɟɬ ɨ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ, ɰɟɧɚɯ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɳɟɣ ɰɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ: Tools Æ Reports Æ Device Summary ɢɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɜɫɟɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɚɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, Workstations, Servers, Hubs, ɢ ɬ. ɞ.). ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɬɱɟɬɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ, ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɜɲɢɫɶ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɬɱɟɬɚɦɢ (Ɋɢɫ. 16). Ɋɢɫ. 15. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɨɩɰɢɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ Export (Ɋɢɫ. 16), ɜ ɤɨɬɨ14
ɪɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɬɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ (ɮɚɣɥ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɱɬɟ).
Ɋɢɫ. 16. Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ Techno.net, ɜɵɛɪɚɜ File Æ Close. ȼ ɩɨɹɜɢɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ ɫ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ want to save the file? Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɬɜɟɬ NO.
3. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 2. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ NetCracker ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. 3.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ NetCracker. Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɮɚɣɥ – ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ Router.net. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ, ɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ. 1. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɬ. ɧ. ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ (Global Æ Model Settings Æ Simulation Æ Warm-Up period). ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɦ. 2. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ
ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
ɧɚ
«ɫɬɚɪɬ»
ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
. ȼɵ ɭɜɢɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ (Ɋɢɫ. 17): 3. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ Average Workload (ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ), Average Utilization (ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ/ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ). Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɤɚɧɚɥ MathLab ÅÆCisco7000, ɳɟɥɤɧɭɜ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ, ɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ (ɳɟɥɱɨɤ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ) ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ Statistics. ɉɨɦɟɬɶɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ. ȼ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɲɪɢɮɬɚ. Ɂɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɜ. 4. Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɩɚɭɡɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ (Time Between Transactions) ɞɥɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ Global Æ DataFlow Æ Steve=>Chris Æ Edit Æ InterLAN traffic Æ Edit ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ 0.008 ɫɟɤ ɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ 0.08 ɫɟɤ. Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɫɢɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɢ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ȼɚɦɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɜ. Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ. 15
Ɋɢɫ. 17. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɚɧɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɟɧɸ Control Æ Animation Setup.
Ɋɢɫ. 18. 16
ɂɡɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɭ OK. Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɫɟɬɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɳɟɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɧɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ, ɧɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɢ, ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɦ ɤɚɤ Math Lab. ɉɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɢ ɫɟɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɟ ɛɪɚɭɡɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ «Project Hierarchy». ɋɪɟɞɚ NetCracker ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ IP-ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ. ɉɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɳɢɤ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ: Tools Æ IP Planner… ȼɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɚɪɨɣ Hub ɢ ɩɨɪɬ Switch. ȼ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ Router.net ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɟɬɶ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɚɤ.
Ɋɢɫ. 19.
17
4. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 3. ɋɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ NetCracker, ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɟɬɢ, ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, «ɩɨɢɫɤ ɭɡɤɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ» ɢ ɬ. ɩ.). Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ (ɲɚɛɥɨɧɧɵɦɢ) ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɫɟɬɟɣ. 4.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ 1. ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɭ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ NetCracker ɫɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɫɟɬɶ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɦɢ. 2. Ɂɚɞɚɬɶ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ. 3. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɟɫɬɶ ɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɧɢɦɨɤ ɷɤɪɚɧɚ , ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ JPG-ɮɚɣɥ, ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɱɟɬ. 4.2. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ (ɜɚɠɧɨ!) 1. ɋɬɚɪɚɣɬɟɫɶ, ɝɞɟ ɷɬɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢɡ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɨɜ Generic Devices. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ (LANworkstations Æ Workstations Æ Generic devices Æ Ethernet Workstation), ɯɚɛɵ (Hubs Æ Shared Media Æ Ethernet Æ Generic devices Æ Fast Ethernet Hub), ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɵ (Switches Æ Workgroup Æ Ethernet Æ Generic devices Æ Ethernet Switch), ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ (Router and Bridges Æ Backbone Æ Generic devices Æ Backbone router). 2. ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ: ɯɚɛɵ (hubs) – ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 20 , ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɵ (switches) – ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 21, ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ (routers) – ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 22. 3. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚɦɢ Gigabit Ethernet (1Gbps), ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ Device Æ Device Factory (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.3), ɥɢɛɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ (ɬɭɥɛɚɪ Database Æ User, ɫɦ. Ɋɢɫ. 5), ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ. 4. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɧɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɵ ɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ Fast Ethernet, ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ 100Base-TX ɢ ɫɪɟɞɭ «ɜɢɬɚɹ ɩɚɪɚ». 5. ɉɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ-ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɮɢ18
ɥɹɯ: LAN peer-to-peer, small InterLAN ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɞɛɨɪ. 4.3. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 1. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ File server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ.
ɏɚɛ, ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɥɶ
Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɍɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ «ɲɢɧɚ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɟ» (ɚɧɝɥ. bus-in-a-point) ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 2. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ SQL server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 3. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ FTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ HTTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 5. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 20. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟ19
ɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ ɫɟɬɢ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.4) ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ «Time between transactions» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ «LAN peer-to-peer», ɞɨɛɟɣɬɟɫɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ. Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 6. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ File server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ.
ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ
Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɍɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ «ɡɜɟɡɞɚ» (ɚɧɝɥ. star) ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 7. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ SQL server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 8. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ FTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 9. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ HTTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 10. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 21. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ ɫɟɬɢ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.4) ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ «Time between transactions» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ «LAN peer-to-peer», ɞɨɛɟɣɬɟɫɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚ20
ɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ. Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 11. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 22. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ File server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 12. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 22. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ SQL server’s client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ.
ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ
ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ
Ɋɢɫ. 22. ɂɟɪɚɪɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ (ɧɟɩɥɨɫɤɚɹ) ɫɟɬɶ ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 13. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 22. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ FTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 14. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 22. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦɢ. ɂ ɤɥɢɟɧɬ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ HTTP client ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 15. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 22. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ ɫɟɬɢ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.4) ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ «Time between transactions» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ «LAN peer-to-peer», ɞɨɛɟɣɬɟɫɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ. Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ.
21
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 1
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 2 100Mbps
100Mbps
100Mbps
100Mbps ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɬɢɩ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Distribution ɨɛɵɱɧɨ Layer3 switch, ɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Access - Layer2 switch.
100Mbps
Distribution
Access1 1Gbps
100Mbps
Access2 1Gbps
Ɋɢɫ. 23. Ɍɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ «ɫɧɟɠɢɧɤɚ» (ɚɧɝɥ. snow-flake) ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 16. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 23. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ N1. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ N2. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ InterLAN ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ (ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɩɚɪɵ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹɦ). ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.4) ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ «Time between transactions» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ «InterLAN», ɞɨɛɟɣɬɟɫɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ (Distribution). Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ (Access) ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 17. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 23. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ LAN peer-to-peer ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ ɫɟɬɢ. ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.4) ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ «Time between transactions» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ «LAN peer-to-peer», ɞɨɛɟɣɬɟɫɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ (Distribution). Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ (Access) ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ.
5. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 4. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ NetCracker ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ. Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɬɢɩɨɜɵɦɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɟɜɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ. 22
5.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ 1. ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɭ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ NetCracker ɫɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɫɟɬɶ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɦɢ. 2. Ɂɚɞɚɬɶ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ. 3. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɟɫɬɶ ɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ/ɦɟɫɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɟ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɧɢɦɨɤ ɷɤɪɚɧɚ (ɫɤɪɢɧɲɨɬ), ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ JPG-ɮɚɣɥ, ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɱɟɬ. 4. Ɉɬɜɟɬɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ. 5. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 4.2. 5.2. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1
ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 1Gbps
1Gbps
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 1
100Mbps
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 2
1Gbps
1Gbps
100Mbps
Distribution 16 ɉɄ
16 ɉɄ 100Mbps
Access1
Access2 100Mbps
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɬɢɩ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Distribution ɨɛɵɱɧɨ Layer3 switch, ɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Access - Layer2 switch.
Ɋɢɫ. 24. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 1–3. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 24.
23
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ
ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
1
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 File server’s client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 2 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
2
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 HTTP client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 1 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
3
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 HTTP client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 2 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4-6. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 25. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
4
5
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ
ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 SQL server’s client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 1 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 24
SQL server’s client SQL server’s client
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 File server’s client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 2 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
6
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 SQL server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 SQL server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 HTTP client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 1 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1
Distribution
1Gbps
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 1
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 2
100Mbps
100Mbps 100Mbps
16 ɉɄ
100Mbps
Access1
Access2
16 ɉɄ 100Mbps
100Mbps
ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2
100Mbps
Ɋɢɫ. 25. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 7–9. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 26.
25
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 1
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 2
100Mbps
100Mbps 100Mbps
100Mbps
16 ɉɄ
16 ɉɄ 1Gbps
100Mbps
100Mbps
1Gbps
Ɋɢɫ. 26. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ
ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
7
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɣɥɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
8
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ HTTP ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
9
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ HTTP ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ. 26
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 10–12. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 27 (ɜ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹɯ ɩɨ 16 ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ
ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɥɚɛ. 1
10
12
InterLAN traffic, ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɫ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɧɨɦɟɪɚɦɢ, ɬ. ɟ. 16 ɩɚɪ. File server’s client
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ ɥɚɛ. 3 Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ SQL server’s client ɥɚɛ. 2 Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɣɥɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. 3 ɥɚɛ. 1
11
Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
InterLAN traffic, ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɫ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɧɨɦɟɪɚɦɢ, ɬ. ɟ. 16 ɩɚɪ. SQL server’s client
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ ɥɚɛ. 2 Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ File server’s client ɥɚɛ. 1 Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ. 1 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ InterLAN traffic ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɥɚɛ. 3 ɥɚɛ. 2 Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ ɥɚɛ. 2 Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ ɥɚɛ. 1
ɜ InterLAN traffic, ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɫ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɧɨɦɟɪɚɦɢ, ɬ.ɟ. 16 ɩɚɪ. SQL server’s client HTTP client
27
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛ.2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ SQL ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 1
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 2 100Mbps
100Mbps 100Mbps
100Mbps
100Mbps 100Mbps
Access1
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɬɢɩ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Distribution ɨɛɵɱɧɨ Layer3 switch, ɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Core – ATM ɢɥɢ Layer3 switch.
Access2
Distribution1 1Gbps
1Gbps
1Gbps
Access3 1Gbps 1Gbps
Core
100Mbps
1Gbps
Distribution2 Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 3
Ɋɢɫ. 27.
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 13–15. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 28.
28
Core Distribution
Distribution
Border
1Gbps
1Gbps 100Mbps 1Gbps
100Mbps 1Gbps
100Mbps
DSU/CSU ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1
ɋɟɪɜɟɪ2
Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ 16 ɉɄ
E1, 2Mbps
Access 100Mbps ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɬɢɩ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Distribution ɨɛɵɱɧɨ Layer3 switch, ɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ Core – ATM ɢɥɢ Layer3 switch.
DSU/CSU
Border 100Mbps
ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ
100Mbps
Ɋɢɫ. 28. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ
13
14
Ɍɪɚɮɢɤ
ɉɪɢɟɦɧɢɤ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ɍɢɩ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 HTTP client ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 File server’s client ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client ɥɚɛ. Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ (ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ), ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ HTTP ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. ɉɚɪɵ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɥɚɛ.
ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɉɚɪɵ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ ɥɚɛ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2
29
HTTP client LAN peer-to-peer traffic ɜ HTTP client File server’s client
Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ LAN peer-to-peer traffic ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ.
15
Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 1 File server’s client ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ɋɟɪɜɟɪ 2 SQL server’s client ɥɚɛ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɵ ɜ ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ HTTP client ɥɚɛ. Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɟɬɢ, ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 1 ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ 2 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 16. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 29. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ PC1, PC2, PC3 ɜɧɭɬɪɢɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ (Small InterLAN traffic). Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɵɟ ɜɵɡɨɜɵ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ: ɫ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɚ 1 ɡɜɨɧɹɬ ɧɚ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧ 2, ɫ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɚ 2 ɡɜɨɧɹɬ ɧɚ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧ 3, ɫ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɚ 3 ɡɜɨɧɹɬ ɧɚ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧ 1. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɫɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ, ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɜɚ CSU/DSU. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 17. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɋɢɫ. 30. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ Workgroup1 ɢ Workgroup 2 ɦɟɠɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ (Small InterLAN traffic), ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚɦɢ PC1 PC2 ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɣ VoIP-peer-to-peer ɬɪɚɮɢɤ. Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɢɞɟɨɬɪɚɮɢɤ (Videoconferencing call) ɨɬ ɜɢɞɟɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ Video Equipment1 ɤ ɜɢɞɟɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ Video Equipment 2 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ, ɤɚɤɭɸ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɟɬɶ ɢ «ɭɡɤɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ» ɜ ɫɟɬɢ, ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɥɟɟ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 18. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ethernet-ɫɟɬɢ ɩɹɬɢɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ 30-ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ. ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ ɨɬɱɟɬɵ, ɜ ɬ. ɱ. ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 2.5).
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Ɋɢɫ. 30.
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6. ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 1. ɋɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (workstation, WS) (1), (2), (3) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (S1) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜ Fast Ethernet ɫɟɬɶ, ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɷɤɪɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɢɬɨɣ ɩɚɪɵ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ 5 ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ. Ethernet ɫɟɬɶ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɦɨɫɬɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɫɟɬɹɦɢ 16 Ɇɛɢɬ/ɫ Token Ring ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ Fast Ethernet ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (4), (5) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (S2) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɟɬɶ Token Ring. ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ (6), (7), (8) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (S3) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ Fast Ethernet. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ S1 ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ WS1WS3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ CAD/CAM-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ Token Ring S2 ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɣɥ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ WS4, WS5 ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɤɚɤ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ S3 ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ HTTP, FTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ HTTP-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (3), (5), (7), (8) ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ, ɜɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ FTP-ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɮɚɣɥɚɦɢ. ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ, ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɭ Small office peer-to-peer. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2048, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 512, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ - 5, ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) – ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,7, ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (3) – ɩɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɗɪɥɚɧɝɚ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1,5, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,4, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ – ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 2. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ 10BASE-T, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɢɡ ɬɪɟɯ Ɋɋ (Ɋɋ1-Ɋɋ3) ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ 10/100Ɇɛɢɬ/ɫ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɮɢɪɦɵ D-Link, ɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ Fast Ethernet ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ Ɋɋ (Ɋɋ4, Ɋɋ5) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ (Switch) ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ 100BASE-TX, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ 2 ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɩɨ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ CAD/CAM ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɣɥ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɦ. Ɋɋ1-Ɋɋ3 ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ CAD/CAM-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, Ɋɋ4 ɢ Ɋɋ5-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɮɚɣɥ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ HTTP, FTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ. Ɋɋ4-Ɋɋ5 ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ FTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ HTTPɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɭ Small office peer-to-peer. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1000, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 800, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚ32
ɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 3. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: 5 ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ (Ɋɋ) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ 10BASE-T. Ⱦɪɭɝɢɟ ɩɹɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɜ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ 10BASE-2 , ɨɛɚ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɦɨɫɬɨɦ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, CAD/CAMɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ FTP ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ 10BASE-T ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ CAD/CAM ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ 10BASE-2 ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ, ɜɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɮɚɣɥɚɦɢ ɩɨ FTP, ɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɭ Small office peer-to-peer. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1000, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 800, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ – ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ 10BASE-2 – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ 2 ɯɚɛɚ (10BASE-2). Ʉ ɩɟɪɜɨɦɭ ɯɚɛɭ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ (10BASE-2) ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (workstation) (1), (2), (3), ɚ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (4), (5) – ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɲɢɧɨɣ (10BASE-2). Ʉ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɭ Thin Ethernet ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ HUB (2) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (1). Ʉ ɯɚɛɭ (2) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (6), (7) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2), ɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ Ɍhin Ethernet ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ (8). ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ HTTP, POP3. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ HTTP-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ 1–5 ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ(2). ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ 6-8 ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ database-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1). ɋɬɚɧɰɢɹɦ 6–8 ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɟ (1). Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1000, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 800, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 400, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 1000, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚ33
ɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,7 ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ – ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ (4), (5) ɞɨ ɯɚɛɚ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 5. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ Ɋɋ1-Ɋɋ3 ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ 100BASE-TX ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɯɚɛɚ. ɏɚɛ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɭ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ 10BASE-T. Ʉɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɭ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ. ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ (4), (5) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɬɨɥɫɬɨɝɨ ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɫ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɨɦ. Ɇɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧ ɫ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɦ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ (Access server) ɱɟɪɟɡ Thick Ethernet Segment. Ʉ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɞɜɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ: DSU/CSU ɢ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɞɟɦ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɫɟɬɹɦ ISDN ɢ PSTN ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. Ʉ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (6) ɢ (7) ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɟɬɢ ISDN ɢ PSTN ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. ɇɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (6) ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪ ISDN. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ HTTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ HTTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ɋɬɚɧɰɢɹ (2) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2). ɉɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (1) ɢ (5) ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ (ɪɚɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɣ) ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɮɢɤ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɦ (6) ɢ (7). Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1024, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 512, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) – ɩɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 1, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: Ɍɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɞɥɹ ɜɢɬɨɣ ɩɚɪɵ ISDN ɢ PSTN. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ (1) ɢ (2)-ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɞɨ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɬɨɪɚ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 6. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (workstation) (WS1)-(WS6) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜ FDDI ɫɟɬɶ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɧɟɷɤɪɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɜɢɬɭɸ ɩɚɪɭ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ 5. FDDI ɤɨɥɶɰɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɟɬɹɦɢ Token Ring, ɜ ɤɚɠɞɭɸ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɨ ɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɭ ɢ ɩɨ ɞɜɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɫɬɚɰɢɢ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ (WS4-WS6) ɢ CAD/CAM-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ (WS1-WS3). ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ. 34
ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (3) ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ HTTP, POP3,-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ HTTP-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɫɟɬɟɣ Token Ring ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ FTP, POP3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ, ɜɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɡɚ ɮɚɣɥɚɦɢ. ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɭ Small office peer-to-peer. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2048, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 1024, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 512, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ - 1, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (3) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2048, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 512, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (3) ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ – ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɞɨ ɫɟɬɢ Token Ring ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 7. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɫɟɬɶ Frame Relay. Ʉ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɢɬɨɣ ɩɚɪɵ (10BASE-T) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ DSU/CSU (1), (2) ɢ (3). DSU/CSU ɢ DSU/CSU (2), ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɤ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ Frame relay access device – FRAD (1) ɢ (2). Ʉ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɭ FRAD (1) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪ Fast Ethernet. Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ, ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ Ɋɋ1 ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɤ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɜɢɬɨɣ ɩɚɪɨɣ 100BASE-Tɏ Ʉ FRAD (2) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ Thick Ethernet c ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɦ (2), ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɟɣ Ɋɋ2 ɢ ɩɪɢɧɬɟɪɨɦ. ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ DSU/CSU (3) ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɭ. ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɩɬɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ FDDI. Ʉ FDDI ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (Ɋɋ3), (Ɋɋ4) ɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (3). ɋɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2) – CAD/CAM-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (3) ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ FTP-ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɮɚɣɥɚɦ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ Ɋɋ2 ɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɦ Ɋɋ3 ɢ Ɋɋ4. Ɋɋ1 ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2). ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ (2) ɢ (3) ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ CAD/CAM ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɟ (2). ɋɬɚɧɰɢɹ (2) ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɫɵɥɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɬɟɪ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1024, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 768, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ 1 ɢ 3 – ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ – ɬɟɤɭ35
ɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɤɨɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization). ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 8. ɂɦɟɟɬɫɹ Ʌȼɋ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ: ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (workstation) (1), (2), (3) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (1) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜ FDDI ɫɟɬɶ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɧɟɷɤɪɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɜɢɬɭɸ ɩɚɪɭ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ 5. FDDI ɤɨɥɶɰɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɦɨɫɬɚ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɫɟɬɹɦɢ 16 Ɇɛɢɬ/ɫ Token Ring ɢ 100 Ɇɛɢɬ/ɫ Ethernet ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (4), (5) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ (2) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɟɬɶ Token Ring. ɋɬɚɧɰɢɢ (6), (7), (8) ɢ ɫɟɪɜɟɪ(3) ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ Fast Ethernet. FDDI ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ WS1-WS3-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ CAD/CAM-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ Token Ring ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɣɥ-ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɦ ɞɥɹ WS4, WS5 ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɢɯ, ɤɚɤ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɚɡɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɋɟɪɜɟɪ Ethernet ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ HTTP, FTP, POP3 - ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ HTTP-ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ (3), (5), (7), (8) ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ POP3ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ, ɜɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ FTP-ɫɟɪɜɟɪ ɡɚ ɮɚɣɥɚɦɢ. ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɫ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɨɦ Small office peer-to-peer. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Reply Size) ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ. Ɇɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2048, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 512, ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ. Ɂɚɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ (Replay Delay) ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (1) ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 5, ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (2) – ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 2, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,7, ɫɟɪɜɟɪɚ (3) – ɩɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɗɪɥɚɧɝɚ, ɦɚɬ. ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɟ – 1,5, ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɹ – 0,4, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɜɟɪɨɜ – ɬɟɤɭɳɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ (current workload) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ; ɞɥɹ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ – ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (average utilization).
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. ȼɟɛɫɚɣɬ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ NetCracker Technology, http://www.netcracker.com/ 2. Ɍɚɧɟɧɛɚɭɦ ɗ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɟɬɢ / ɗ. Ɍɚɧɟɧɛɚɭɦ. – 4-ɟ ɢɡɞ. – ɋɉɛ. : ɉɢɬɟɪ, 2003. – 991 ɫ. 3. Ɉɥɢɮɟɪ ȼ.Ƚ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɟɬɢ: ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ, ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ, ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥɵ : ɭɱɟɛ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞ. ɜɭɡɨɜ / ȼ.Ƚ. Ɉɥɢɮɟɪ, ɇ.Ⱥ. Ɉɥɢɮɟɪ. – ɋɉɛ. : ɉɢɬɟɪ, 2001. – 668 ɫ. 4. Ʉɨɪɧɵɲɟɜ ɘ.ɇ. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɥɟɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ : ɭɱɟɛ. ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɨɜ / ɘ.ɇ. Ʉɨɪɧɵɲɟɜ, Ⱥ.ɉ. ɉɲɟɧɢɱɧɢɤɨɜ, Ⱥ.Ⱦ. ɏɚɪɤɟɜɢɱ. – Ɇ. : Ɋɚɞɢɨ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɶ, 1996. 272 ɫ. 36
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ............................................................................................................. 3 1.
1.1.Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ......................................................................... 3 1.2.Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɬɟɥɟɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ NetCracker ................................................... 3
2. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 1. Ɉɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ ............. 4 2.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ.......................................................... 4 2.2. ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ..................................................................... 9 2.3. ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ (Device Factory) ................................. 10 2.4. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɮɢɤɚ ............................................................................... 13 2.5. Ɉɬɱɟɬɵ............................................................................................... 14 3. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 2. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ...... 15 3.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ.......................................................... 15 4. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 3. ɋɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ............... 18 4.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ: ....................................................... 18 4.2. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ (ɜɚɠɧɨ!)....................................................... 18 4.3. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ:....................................................... 19 5. Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 4. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ............................. 22 5.1. ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ: ....................................................... 23 5.2. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ: ........................................................................... 23 6. ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ .................................... 32 Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ......................................................................................................... 36
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ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɟ
Ƚɚɪɲɢɧɚ ȼɟɪɨɧɢɤɚ ȼɢɤɬɨɪɨɜɧɚ, Ʉɨɜɚɥɶ Ⱥɧɞɪɟɣ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɢɱ
ɉɊɈȿɄɌɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɄɈɆɉɖɘɌȿɊɇɕɏ ɋȿɌȿɃ ȼ ɋɊȿȾȿ NETCRACKER ɍɱɟɛɧɨ-ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɨɜ
Ɋɟɞɚɤɬɨɪ Ɍ.Ⱦ. Ȼɭɧɢɧɚ
ɉɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɱɚɬɶ 14.06.07. Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ 60×84/16. ɍɫɥ. ɩɟɱ. ɥ. 2,2. Ɍɢɪɚɠ 100 ɷɤɡ. Ɂɚɤɚɡ 974. ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ-ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ. 394000, ɝ. ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ, ɩɥ. ɢɦ. Ʌɟɧɢɧɚ, 10. Ɍɟɥ. 208-298, 598-026 (ɮɚɤɫ) http://www.ppc.vsu.ru; e-mail:
[email protected] Ɉɬɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɨ ɜ ɬɢɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ-ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ. 394000, ɝ. ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ, ɭɥ. ɉɭɲɤɢɧɫɤɚɹ, 3. Ɍɟɥ. 204-133.
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