Тексты для чтения и грамматические тесты: Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку

Ф Е Д Е РАЛ Ь Н О Е АГ Е Н TС Т В О П О О БРАЗО В АН И Ю В О РО Н Е Ж С КИ Й Г О С У Д АРС Т В Е Н Н Ы Й У Н И В Е РС И Т Е Т

Т ексты для ч тения и грамматич ескиетесты

У ч ено-методич ескоепособиефакультета 1-2 курсов по спец иальностя м Ф изика 010701 (010400), Радиофизика и электроника 010801 (013800)

В О РО Н Е Ж 2005

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У тв ерж дено науч но-методич еским сов етом физич еского факультета (26.05.2005 г. протокол № 5)

С остав ители: Антониш кис А. А., Ю маш ева В . В .

У ч ебно-методич ескоепособиеподготов лено на кафедреанглийского я зы ка факультета РГ Ф В оронеж ского государств енного унив ерситета. Рекомендуется для студентов 1-2 курсов дневного отделения физич еского факультета по спец иальностя м Ф изика, Радиофизика и электроника.

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П оя снительная записка Д анноеуч ебно-методич ескоепособиев клю ч ает дв а блока: тексты для ч тения с упраж нения ми на пониманиеи грамматич ескиетесты с клю ч ами. П редстав ля ется ц елесообразны м использов ать это пособиена 1-2 курсах дневного отделения физич еского факультета в основ ном для индив идуальной аудиторной и в неаудиторной работы студентов . М атериалподобран с уч етом нарастания уров ня слож ности и долж ен обеспеч ить пов ы ш ениестепени самоконтроля студентов . Ц елью пособия я в ля ется ов ладениеоснов ны ми нав ы ками и стратегия ми ч тения текста, а такж епов торениеи закрепление того или иного грамматич еского я в ления .

Reading Strategies Improvement. Let’s look at some techniques that will help you become a better reader. Skimming and scanning are very useful techniques. When we are skimming we go through a passage quickly, jumping over parts of it, in order to get a general idea of what it is about. When we are scanning, we look through a text in order to find a specific piece of information. When we are given a text, we may use both these techniques. First, we may skim through the article to get a general idea, or perhaps to see if it is of interest to us. Then we may scan the article to take note of a particular name or a piece of information we need or want to remember. When you are skimming move your eyes quickly over the text or passage and ask yourself “What is this passage about?” Look at the important parts of the passage: the beginning, the end, the title and the first sentences in each paragraph (if there is more than one), which usually contain the main idea. Read the following two passages very quickly. Do not read every word carefully. Then answer the questions under each passage. Text A. In 776 B.C. the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honour the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus. The Greeks emphasised physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contests in running, jumping, discus throwing, boxing, and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly horoured by having olive wreaths placed on their heads and

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having poems sung about their deeds. Originally these were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place. The Greeks attached so much importance to these games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads” dating from 776 B.C. 1. a. b. c. d.

What is the main focus of the article on? Education in ancient Greece Wars in ancient Greece Olympic games The Greeks’ chief god.

2. a. b. c. d.

Which of the following is not true? Winners placed olive wreaths on their heads. The games were held in Greece every four years. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games. Poems glorified the winners in song.

3. a. b. c. d.

Why were the Olympic Games held? To stop wars To honour Zeus To crown the best athletes To sing songs about the athletes

4. a. b. c. d.

Approximately how many years ago did these games originate? 776 1205 2277 2760

Text B. Because Egyptians believed in life after death, they mummified the body to preserve it from decay. The ancients left no written accounts as to the execution of this process, so scientists have had to examine mummies and establish their own theories. The embalming process might have taken up to seventy days for nobles and only a few for the poor. Certain compounds of salt, spices, and resins were used to preserve the corpse, which was later wrapped in a fine linen cloth and then encased in a wooden box before being placed in a sarcophagus. 1. What is the main focus of the article on? a. Egyptians’ belief in life after death b. How we have been able to learn about the mummification process c. Chemical analysis of the compounds Some details of mummification process 2. Which of the following statements is not true? a. Bodies were preserved as a matter of religious belief.

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b. All mummification took seventy days to complete. c. Special compounds were used to embalm the bodies. d. It has been difficult to determine the process used. 3. a. b. c. d.

Why were bodies of dead people mummified? To remember how they looked like when they were alive. To establish theories about the mummification process. To try certain chemicals. To preserve dead bodies for further life.

4. a. b. c. d.

How would you describe the embalming process? Lengthy and complicated Short and simple Strict and unfaltering Wild and terrifying

When you are scanning move your eyes quickly over the passage until you find the specific piece of information, a date, a figure, a name that you need. It is not necessary to read the whole passage carefully. Read the following passages very quickly. You don’t need to look up every word in your dictionary. When you have read answer the questions under the texts. Text A. In 1971, the great Persian Empire celebrated the 2500th anniversary of its foundation. Its founder was Cyrus the Great, who proclaimed himself the King of Kings. His son Cambyses succeeded him, conquering Egypt and expanding the empire. Darius I followed Cambyses and was probably the most famous of this long line of kings. Under his rule the empire stretched as far as India. Governors were placed in charge of the provinces. Extensive systems of roads and waterways improved communication through the realm. He was one of a few ancient rulers who permitted his subjects to worship as they wished. The magnificent city of Persepolis, founded under his direction in 518 B.C., was a ceremonial centre then as well as in the 1970. 1. a. b. c. d.

Who is considered the founder of the Persian Empire? Persepolis Cyrus Darius I Cambyses

2. a. b. c.

In what year was the Persian Empire founded? 2500 B.C. 518 B.C. 529 B.C.

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d. 971 B.C. 3. a. b. c. d.

Who was the predecessor of Cambyses? Egypt Darius I Persepolis Cyrus

Text B. In an effort to produce the largest, fastest, and most luxurious ship afloat, the British built the Titanic. It was so superior to anything else on the seas that it was dubbed “unsinkable” . So sure of this were the owners that they provided lifeboats for only 950 of its possible 3500 passengers. Many passengers were aboard the night it rammed an iceberg, only two days at sea and more than half way between England and the New York destination. Because the luxury liner was travelling so fast, it was impossible to avoid the ghostly looking iceberg. An unextinguished fire also contributed to the ship’s submersion. Panic increased the number of casualties as people jumped into the icy water or fought to be among the few to board the lifeboats. Four hours after the mishap, another ship, the Carpathia, rescued the survivors-less than a third of those originally aboard. The infamous Titanic enjoyed only two days of sailing glory on its maiden voyage in 1912 before plunging into 12000 feet of water near the coast of Newfoundland, where it lies today. 1. a. b. c. d.

Which of the following is not true? Only a third of those aboard perished. The Carpathia rescued the survivors. The Titanic sank near Newfoundland. The Titanic was the fastest ship afloat in 1912.

2. a. b. c. d.

Which of the following did not contribute to the large death toll? Panic Fire Speed Carpathia

3. a. b. c. d.

How many days was the Titanic at sea before sinking? 2 4 6 12

Text C. Test on skimming and scanning strategies.

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The Great Pyramid of Giza, a monument of wisdom and prophecy, was built as a tomb for Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 B.C. Despite its antiquity, certain aspects of its construction make it one of the truly great wonders of the world. The four sides of the pyramid are aligned almost exactly on true north, south, east, and west-an incredible engineering feat. The ancient Egyptians were sun worshippers and great astronomers, so computations for the Great Pyramid were based on astronomical observations. Explorations and detailed examinations of the base of the structure reveal many interesting lines. Further scientific study indicates that these represent a type of time line of events-past, present, and future. Many of the events have been interpreted and found to coincide with known facts of the past. Others are prophesied for future generations and are presently under investigation. Was this superstructure made by ordinary beings, or one built by a race far superior to any known today? 1. a. b. c. d.

Approximately how long ago was the Great Pyramid constructed? 640 years 2720 years 4000 years 4700 years

2. a. b. c. d.

What did the ancient Egyptians base their calculations on? Observation of the celestial bodies Advanced technology Advanced tools of measurement Knowledge of the earth’s surface

3. a. b. c. d.

Why was the Pyramid constructed? As a solar observatory As a religious temple As a tomb for the pharaoh As an engineering feat

4. Why is the Great Pyramid of Giza considered one of the seven wonders of the world? a. It is perfectly aligned with the four cardinal points of the compass and contains many prophecies. b. It was selected as the tomb of Pharaoh Cheops. c. It was built by super race. d. It is very old. Determining the main idea. When reading it is important to look at the organization of the passage. Each paragraph is organised in such a way that it has a main idea, which is often

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contained in the first paragraph. The rest of the paragraph supports and develops the main idea. Sentences which actually contain the main idea are called topic sentences. It is a help to be able to recognize the indicators which show the function of the other sentences that develop the topic sentences. Some indicators are: for example, an example/illustration/instance of this is… Thus/so/consequently/as a result, … In addition/furthermore/moreover/also… The reason for this is that … Because of… This is because… Due to … Owing to … Text A. A recent investigation by scientists at the US Geological Survey shows that strange animal behaviour might help predict future earthquakes. Investigators found such occurrences in a ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter of a fairly recent quake. Some birds screeched and flew about wildly; dogs yelled and ran around uncontrollably. Scientists believe that animals can perceive these environmental changes as early as several days before the mishap. In 1975 after observing animal behaviour, the Chinese were able to predict a devastating quake. Although hundreds of thousands of people were killed, the government was able to evacuate millions of other people and thus the death toll at a lower level. 1. a. b. c. d.

What is the main idea of the passage? Earthquakes cause changes in the environment. Animals go mad before a quake. Animal behaviour can be used to predict future earthquakes. The Chinese can predict future earthquakes.

2.What predictions can be made by observing animal behaviour? a. an impending earthquake b. the number of people who will die c. the ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter d. environmental changes 3. Why can animals perceive these changes when humans cannot? a. Animals are smarter than humans. b. Animals have certain instincts that human don’t possess. c. By running around the house, they can feel the vibrations. d. Humans don’t know where to look. 4. Which of the following is not true? a. Some animals may be able to sense an approaching earthquake. b. By observing animal behaviour scientists perhaps can predict earthquakes. c. The Chinese have successfully predicted an earthquake and saved many lives.

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d. All birds and dogs in a ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter went wild before the earthquake. 5. If scientists can accurately predict earthquakes, there will be a. Fewer animals going crazy. b. A lower death rate. c. Fewer people evacuated. d. Fewer environmental changes. Text B. In recent years, scientific and technological developments have drastically changed human life on our planet, as well as our views both of ourselves as individuals in society and of the universe as a whole. Maybe one of the most profound developments in society and of the last decade is the discovery of recombinant DNA technology, which allows scientists to introduce genetic material (or genes) from one organism into another. In its simplest form, the technology requires the isolation of a piece of DNA, either directly from the DNA of the organism under study, or artificially synthesized from an RNA template, by using a viral enzyme fragment of bacterial DNA which has the capacity to replicate itself independently. The recombinant molecule thus produced can be introduced into the common intestinal bacterium Escherishahia coli, which can be grown in very large amounts in synthetic media. Under proper conditions, the foreign gene will not only replicate in the bacteria, but also express itself, through the process of transcription and translation, to give to large amounts of the specific protein coded by the foreign gene. The technology has already been successfully applied to the production of several therapeutically important biomolecules, such as insulin, interferon, and growth hormones. Many other important applications are under detailed investigation in laboratories throughout the world. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? a. The success of recent DNA technology. b. The failure of recent DNA technology. c. The most profound developments of the last decade. d. Recombinant DNA technology. 2. Recombinant DNA technology consists primarily of a. Producing several therapeutically important biomolecules. b. Giving rise to large amounts of protein. c. Introducing genetic material from one organism into another. d. Using a viral enzyme called reverse transcriptase. 3. Recombinant DNA technology has been used in the production of all of the following biomolecules except a. Growth hormones. b. Escherishchia coli.

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c. Interferon. d. Insulin. 4. Which of the following is not true? a. The foreign gene will replicate in the bacteria, but it will not express itself through transcription and translation. b. The bacterium Escherischia coli can be grown in large amounts in synthetic media. c. Research continues in an effort to find other uses for this technology. d. Recombinant DNA technology is a recent development. 5. The term recombinant is used because a. By ligation, a recombinant molecule is produced, which has the capacity of replication. b. The technique requires the combination of several types of technology. c. By ligation, a recombinant protein is produced, part of whose amino acids come from each different organism. d. Escherischia coli is a recombinant organism. Text C. Test on determining the main idea. After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive power too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 18995, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after awards ceremony. Nobel’s original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $30,000 to $125,000. Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges’ decisions. Americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literary prizes. No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. 1. a. b. c. d.

When did the first award ceremony take place? 1895. 1901. 1962. 1968.

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2. a. b. c. d.

Why was the Nobel prize established? To recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity. To resolve political difficulties. To honour the inventor of dynamite. To spend money.

3. a. b. c. d.

In which area have Americans received the most awards? Literature. Peace. Economics. Science.

4. a. b. c. d.

Which of the following statements is not true? Awards vary in monetary value. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention. Politics can play an important role in selecting the winners. A few individuals have won two awards.

5. a. b. c. d.

In how many fields are prizes bestowed? 2. 5. 6. 10.

Anticipation and prediction. Anticipation and prediction ate two basic reading skills that we use to predict or guess how a passage will develop. We anticipate before we read a passage and we predict after the passage begins. Before we read we expect to find certain things in it. These may be answers to certain questions in our minds about the subject or ideas that interest us. A passage becomes much easier to read when we already have some ideas on the subject or look forward to reading it. Our anticipation of what is in the passage is therefore related to our own personal background knowledge on the subject. When we are reading we are continuously making predictions or guesses about what will come next in a passage as we continue to read the passage we find that these guesses are either right or wrong. After a passage begins, we find clues that help us predict what is going to come next. The skill of prediction, like anticipation, makes it easier to understand the sentences that follow and is therefore an essential skill in the reading comprehension section of the exam. We can practice this skill by looking at sentences and trying to predict what will come next.

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You are going to read an article entitled Technology: The Way Ahead. Before you look at the passage, check any of the ideas (a), (b), (c), (d) listed below that you would expect to find in the following passage. a. b. c. d.

How it all started. The history of some developments. The benefits of modern advances. Recent developments and their uses.

Read the passage to see if your guesses were right. Text A. Technology continues to advance every day, making everything in our lives easier and safer, but at the same time allowing us to become lazier. First came the TV and the stereo, and then came the remote control, a device which allowed us to control the set without leaving the comfort of our armchair. You no longer need coins to operate public phones which are now operated with plastic cards. And you can gain immediate access to your money kept in a bank account with a cash card. Microwave ovens have meant that people no longer have to wait for food to defrost and cooking is quicker. Cars are fitted with airbags and automatic braking systems, a development to lessen the effects of any accident that you might have. American scientists have developed spacecraft extensively, now using the space shuttle which is reusable as it is built specifically to withstand the intense heat from take-off, and pressure of travel into outer-space. Look at the titles of the following passages and try to predict how these developments have revolutionized the world we live in. Text B. Computers. Computers have revolutionized many industries from travel to health care, and from communication to the armed forces. Extensive computer networks stretch across the globe. However, dependency on this network could be dangerous if systems were to shut down for any reason. Computers have made information more accessible and immediate, and the work place has generally become more efficient. This efficiency does have its drawbacks in that many office workers are no longer needed; book-keeping and other office work can be done by one person operating a computer. Mobile Phones. In the last ten years mobile phones have become increasingly popular. The use of this wireless telephone has revolutionized communication. People can be contacted quickly. Business executives no longer need to be in the office to receive calls. It is not only business executives who benefit from this technology but also the emergency services and people who work in isolated places. However, mobile phones do have drawbacks, such as the expense, and the stress caused by feeling that you ought to have it switched on all the time.

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Robots. Although robots are not yet able to replace humans in every possible way, people still look to a future when this dream (or nightmare) will be realized. Producing a robot that can think may still be many decades away. Basic robot-like machines have been introduced into factories to do menial jobs, resulting in greater productivity and efficiency. On the other hand, many people have complained that their introduction has resulted in a reduction in the number of jobs that are now available, thereby contributing to high unemployment. Solar Power. In many hot countries distinctive solar panels can now be seen on an increasing number of roofs. Solar power, the energy from the sun, enables people to have a constant supply of hot water, and in some cases the energy can be stored for night usage. In colder countries with predominantly cloudy weather the system is not so effective. In countries with a lot of sunshine all year round solar power is very convenient. However, not all people can afford to have solar panels installed, and even when installed the panels need regular servicing. Were your guesses correct?

Keys to reading comprehension section. Skimming. Text A. 1-c 2-a 3-b 4-d Text B. 1-a 2-b 3-d 4-a Scanning. Text A. 1-b 2-c 3-d Text B. 1- a 2-d 3-a Test on skimming and scanning. 1-d 2-a 3-c 4-a Determining the main idea. Text A. 1-c 2-a 3-b 4-d 5-b Text B. 1-a 2-c 3-b 4-a 5-a Test on determining the main idea. 1-b 2-a 3-d 4-b 5-c Anticipation. Text A. c/d

TEST 1 Choose the correct answer 1. Computers … more and more efficient. A: are becoming B: become C: is becoming 2. Richard … very hard at the moment. A: works B: is working C: has worked 3. Where is Jason? He … at the swimming pool.

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A: is being B: is C: has been 4. - Who does your hair for you? - My mother usually … it. A: is cutting B: cuts C: has cut 5. - Are you going shopping tonight? - No, I … yesterday. A: went B: had gone C: had been going 6. - I like your dress! Is it new? - No, I … for ages! A: had B: have had C: has had 7. - He is still ill, but he … better slowly. A: gets B: is getting C: has been getting 8. She … at the same company for 30 years. A: works B: has been working C: is working 9. last year we … in a fabulous hotel. A: have stayed B: stayed C: had stayed 10. What … at the moment? A: are you doing B: you are doing C: do you do 11. I … her today. A: am not seeing B: haven’t seen C: didn’t see 12. My car has broken down … me, please? A: will you help B: you will help C: shall you help 13. I broke my arm when I … in France. A: was skiing B: has been skiing C: had been skiing 14. This time next week I … on the beach. A: will have sunbathed B: will be sunbathing C: will have been sunbathing 15. Dad … to work by the time I woke up. A: has gone B: had gone C: went 16. Mary … to Singapore at 3:00 tomorrow morning. A: flies B: was flying C: is flying 17. I … English for 3 years now. A: have been learning B: learn C: am learning 18. I … down the street when I saw him. A: was walking B: walked C: has been walking 19. I … my work by 4 o’clock, so I went home. A: had finished B: finished C: was finishing 20. I haven’t been to the library … . A: yet B: until C: just 21. Julie … very quiet today. What’s up with her? A: be B: is being C: will have been 22. How long … Tony? A: did you know B: do you know C: have you known 23. My father … to be a teacher, but now he is retired. A: is used B: got used C: used 24: I … abroad 4 times.

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A: have been B: have gone 25. You constantly … me while I am talking. A: are interrupting B: interrupt

C: went C: interrupted

TEST 2 Choose the correct answer 1. I … a car for 5 years. A: have had B: have C: had 2. We often … when we were students. A: met B: meet C: have met 3. This time tomorrow I … to New York. A: will be flying B: am flying C: will fly 4. Tony … 25 next month. A: will be B: is going to be C: is 5. The train … in 5 minutes. A: will leave B: is leaving C: leaves 6. Where … ? I’ve been looking for you all morning! A: have you been B: were you C: you have been 7. How long … Jane? A: do you know B: you know C: have you known 8. He … , but now he has given up. A: used to smoke B: was smoking C: has smoked 9. I am afraid Cathy … her exam. A: won’t be passing B: won’t have passed C: won’t pass 10. He … a famous writer one day. A: will be B: was C: is being 11. I cut my finger while … some vegetables. A: chopped B: am chopping C: was chopping 12. We’d better run to the stadium. The game … in 5 minutes. A: will start B: starts C: is starting 13. He was cooking while she … . A: was sleeping B: slept C: is sleeping 14. She hasn’t seen Jim … she left school. A: for B: just C: since 15. I was watching television … the doorbell rang. A: when B: as soon as C: while 16. … did Tina meet Steve? A: How long B: How long ago C: while 17. - … your homework yet? A: Have you finished B: Are you finishing C: Do you finish 18. The orchestra … for weeks before they held the concert. A: had been practicing B: has practiced C: practices

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19. I … three films this week. A: have seen B: saw C: am seeing 20. I … portraits of famous people for a living. A: paints B: am painting C: paint 21. Sorry, I am late … very long? A: Are you waiting B: Do you wait C: Have you been waiting 22. I … 7 foreign languages. A: am speaking B: speak C: speaks 23. I found a ring while I … a tree yesterday. A: was planting B: planted C: had been planting 24. Where … when you went to London? A: were you staying B: did you stay C: do you stay 25. By the end of this term she a student … for 2 years. A: will be B: will have been C: is going to be

TEST 3 Choose the correct answer 1.The River Amazon … into the Atlantic Ocean. A: is flowing B: flows C: flowed 2. They often … on holiday abroad when they were single. A: went B: go C: have gone 3. We … in that house for 20 years. A: have lived B: are living C: live 4. Richard … very hard at the moment. A: is working B: work C: works 5. She … Japanese for 6 months. A: is learning B: has been learning C: learns 6. It is the first time she … a cake. A: baked B: has baked C: is baking 7. Don’t call her She … . A: will be sleeping B: is sleeping C: has been sleeping 8. When I got to the bank it … . A: have already closed B: had already closed C: closed 9.He is still ill, but he … slowly. A: gets better B: is getting better C: got better 10. She … for that company for 5 years by the end of this month. A: will work B: has been working C: will have been working 11. What … about? You look too serious. A: you are thinking B: do you think C: are you thinking 12. I … to go on holiday abroad next year. A: plan B: am planning C: have planned 13. I … you up from work if you like.

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A: am picking B: will pick C: am going to pick 14. I … you for ages! Where have you been? A: didn’t see B: am not seeing C: haven’t seen 15. The train to New York … in 5 minutes. A: is leaving B: leaves C: will be leaving 16. We … for an hour when the phone rang. A: were studying B: had been studying C: are studying 17. I … him this evening. A: will probably see B: will have seen C: will have been seeing 18. Tomorrow … Friday. A: will be B: is going to be C: might be 19. I’m sure John … you fix your broken car if you ask him. A: is going to help B: helps C: will help 20. I met my future wife as I … to work. A: had walked B: was walking C: has walked 21. She … for months before she finally bought a car. A: was saving B: had been saving C: saved 22. I … to reach Jane on the phone all day. A: tried B: have been trying C: have tried 23. Do you know the news? James and Sue … ! A: have got married B: got married C: get married 24. He … English at the moment. He hopes to find a job abroad. A: is studying B: studies C: has been studying 25. By the end of this year they … house. A: will have moved B: will move C: are moving

TEST 4 Choose the correct answer

1. - Did you buy that picture? - No, it … to me for my birthday. A: was given B: gave C: is given 2. - Doctors have to do a lot of work. - Yes, but they … well. A: be paid B: are paid C: pay 3. - Did you watch the late film on TV last night? - Yes, but I … it twice before. A: already saw B: was already seeing C: had already seen 4. - You are going on holiday soon, aren’t you? - Yes, this time next week, I … coffee in Brazil. A: will be drinking B: will drink C: am drinking 5. The new stadium … last month by the mayor. A: was opened B: is opened C: is opening

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6. My teeth … by the dentist tomorrow. A: are being checked B: are checked C: will have checked 7. - What are you planning to do tonight? - I … to the party with my girl friend. A: am going B: will go C: will have gone 8. The test papers … now. A: were handed B: are being handed out C: is handed out 9. Your report must … by Friday evening. A: have finished B: be finished C: being finished 10. They have got a huge house. They … be rich. A: needn’t B: can C: must 11. … you open the window, please? A: shall B: will C: must 12. - What is happening over there? - Oh, a new cinema … . A: is being built B: is built C: was built 13. - Can you swim? - Oh, yes. I … how to swim when I was five. A: taught B: am taught C: was taught 14. - How long … James? A: do you know B: have you known C: have you been knowing 15. - Do your cats eat a lot? - No, they … once a day, that’s all. A: are fed B: is fed C: fed 16. - Have you arranged the party yet? - Yes, all the invitations … . A. have been sent B: are sent C: sent 17. - Have you got James’s phone number? - Yes, it … on this piece of paper. A: is written B: written C: be written 18. After … from the river, the boys went to hospital. A: being rescued B: were rescued C: have been rescued 19. The new bridge … already. A: has been built B: was built C: have built 20. He … to be a very talented musician. A: is considered B: considered C: was considering 21. The instructions must … very carefully. A: be followed B: are followed C: are being followed 22. Wine … from grapes. A: is made B: makes C: are made 23. His house is very modern. It … only 2 years ago. A: is built B: was built C: has been built 24. I’ve got a beautiful jumper that … by my grandmother. A: was knitted B: is knitted C: is being knitted 25. Not much … about this complicated subject.

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A: are known

B: is known

C: know

TEST 5 Choose the correct answer 1. If you are lost, you should stay where you are and wait … . A: was found B: to find C: to be found 2. The new night club … by the council last week. A: will be closed B: has been closed C: was closed th 3. The tree is very old. It … in the 19 century. A: is planted B: was planted C: have been planted 4. Designer clothes … in this shop. A: are sold B: are being sold C: were sold 5. - Where have you been?! I haven’t seen you for ages! - Oh, I … very hard recently. A: am working B: have been working C: work 6. The windows … once a month. A. clean B: are being cleaned C: are cleaned 7. You … walk on the grass in the park. A: don’t have to B: mustn’t C: needn’t 8. - Sorry mum! I’ve broken a plate. - You … be more careful. A: should B: can C: may 9. The letters … right now. A: are typing B: are being typed C: has been typed 10. Chinese language … by more than 1 billion people. A: is spoken B: is being spoken C: speaks 11. We began work early, but we … until late. A: haven’t finished B: didn’t finish C: hadn’t finished 12 The tables … before the restaurant opened. A: are set B: had been set C: will be set 13. I’m going home now because all the work … . A: is done B: has been done C: has done. 14. She … there for 2 years by the end of this month. A: has been working B: will work C: will have been working 15. - Are you ready to go? - Yes, I … in a few minutes. A: will be leaving B: am leaving C: will leave 16. The new chairman … yesterday. A: was elected B: will be elected C: has been elected 17. … I come in? It is cold out here. A: should B: may C: must 18. A new cinema … in the city center at the moment.

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A: is being built B: was built 19. The new bridge … by the end of the year. A: will be built B: will have been built 20. - … we go shopping today? - No. I’d prefer to go tomorrow. A: shall B: will 21. Tim … be out. There are no lights on. A: shall B: should 22. “When … I call you?” “Any time you like!” A: shall B: must 23. - Did you build the garage yourself? - No, the garage … before we moved in. A: was built B: has been built 24. I … swim when I was 4 years old. A: could B: was able to 25. You … steal things. It’s against the law! A: can’t B: don’t have to

C: has been built C: is being built

C: ought C: must C: will

C: had been built C: can C: might not

TEST 6 Choose the correct answer 1. Bread … from wheat. A: is made B: are made C: was made 2. The cows … milked once a day. A: have been B: are C: were 3. My watch … at the moment. A: was repaired B: is being repaired C: has been repaired 4. My garden … by my brother if I go out for a long time. A: is being looked after B: is looked after C: has been looked after 5. The parcel … tomorrow. A: will be delivered B: is delivered C: are delivered 6. I can swim. I … to swim when I was five. A: was taught B: taught C: am taught 7. Claire’s phone number … on this piece of paper. A: is written B: written C: written 8. The new stadium … by the end of the year. A: will be built B: will have been built C: is going to be built 9. The car … with soapy water at the moment. A: was washed B: is being washed C: was being washed 10. Who … the pyramids … by? A: are built B: were built C: have been built 11. The work … by the end of this month. A: won’t complete B: won’t have been completed C: won’t have completed

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12. The housework … yet. A: wasn’t done B: hasn’t been done C: hasn’t done 13. “He … a famous writer one day” . “Yes, I think you are right” . A: was B: will be C: is being 14. I … my hair cut yesterday. A: had B: have had C: have 15. The new bridge … next week. A: was opened B: will be opened C: is opened 16. … you do me a favour, please? A: Should B: Could C: Need 17. Janice … her house painted at the moment. A: is having B: has C: will have 18. The marathon … by a famous athlete. A: has been won B: was won C: won 19. Bob … be on holiday. I saw him yesterday. A: would B: could C: can’t 20. This room … last week. A: was decorated B: will be decorated C: decorated 21. You … tell the police about the burglary. A: would B: shall C: must 22. I took the bus to work because my car … . A: was being serviced B: is being serviced C: is serviced 23. I’m very happy … home at last. A: to come B: to coming C: coming 24. My favourite film … in five minutes. A: is starting B: starts C: is going to start 25. The magazine … every day for the last 6 months. A: is being published B: has been published C: is published

TEST 7 Choose the correct answer 1. I dislike … to the cinema alone. A: to go B: go C: going 2. The kitchen windows need … . A: cleaning B: to clean C: clean 3. He risks … his wallet when he leaves it on his desk. A: to loose B: loosing C: to have lost 4. My sister can’t stand … horror films. A: to watch B: watching C: watch 5. It was silly of you … to lock the door. A: forgetting B: to forget C: forget 6. She will … the books next weekend.

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A: return B: to return C: returning 7. He advised her … to her boss. A: to speak B: speaking C: speak 8. Thank you for … me with my homework. A: helping B: to help C: help 9. You should try … your own clothes. It is much cheaper. A: to make B: making C: to have made 10. He appears … on a diet. A: to be B: being C: be 11. He must … . I don’t believe him. A: lie B: to lie C: be lying 12. He must … fired. He doesn’t work here any more. A: be B: to be C: have been 13. He claims … a lot of famous people, but I think he is lying. A: to meet B: to have met C: meeting 14. Let’s … to an Italian restaurant. A: going B: to go C: go 15. Kate seems … better. She is slowly recovering from her illness. A: feel B: to be feeling C: feeling 16. Tara seems … hard all morning. A: to work B: to have been working C: to be working 17. He wants her … him. A: to marry B: to have been married C: to be getting married 18. My parents let me … in bed late at weekends. A: stay B: to stay C: to have stayed 19. I heard him … a speech last month. It was excellent. A: making B: make C: to make 20. I saw him … the grass as I was driving home. A: cutting B: to cut C: cut 21. Gloria regrets … at her sister. A: shouting B: to have shouted C: to shout 22. He is said … in an accident. A: to be killed B: to have been killed C: being killed 23. She claims … hard lately. A: to have been working B: to be working C: to work 24. He is believed … somewhere in the north of the country. A: to be hiding B: to hide C: to have hidden 25. I would like … a foreign language. A: to learn B: to be learning C: learning

TEST 8 Choose the correct answer

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1. I went to the bank … some money. A: getting B: to get C: get 2. You had better … your homework before dinner. A: to finish B: finish C: finishing 3. I would like … for a picnic tomorrow. A: going B: go C: to go 4. I … him this evening. A: will probably see B: will have seen C: will have been seeing 5. There is no point in … about it. A: to complain B: complaining C: complain 6. They managed … the door. A: opening B: to open C: open 7. Your report must … by Friday evening. A: have finished B: be finished C: being finished 8. I insist on my money … immediately. A: to be refunded B: be refunded C: being refunded 9. … you help me with the cooking, please? A: should B: shall C: will 10. The windows … once a month. A: clean B: are cleaned C: are being cleaned 11. They are glad … home again. A: to be B: being C: be 12. The bills … by Friday. A: are being checked B: are checked C: will have been checked 13. I haven’t decided where … the picture yet. A: to put B: put C: putting 14. My parents let me … a party for my friends. A: have B: to have C: having 15. The house needs … . A: to be tidied B: to have tidied C: to have been tidied 16. I can’t get used to … in such a hot country. A: live B: living C: to have lived 17. They refused … me my money back. A: to give B: to have given C: to be giving 18. This time next month I … in a new house. A: will live B: am living C: will be living 19. It’s no use … the door. It’s locked. A: push B: to push C: pushing 20. They are considering … another shop next year. A: open B: opening C: to open 21. I … James tonight. We have arranged it. A: see B: ‘m seeing C: saw 22. The boss has decided … a bigger office. A: to rent B: renting C: rent 23. I remember … a newspaper, but I can’t find it anywhere.

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A: buy B: to buy C: buying 24. There’s no point in … her. She doesn’t understand. A: persuading B: to persuade C: persuade 25. I’m sorry … you, but you have failed your test. A: to tell B: telling C: tell

TEST 9 Choose the correct answer 1. He … solve the problem, although it was difficult. A: was able B: could C: couldn’t 2. You will soon get used to … so early. A: have got up B: getting up C: get up 3. I would like … to the cinema tomorrow. A: to go B: going C: go 4. I consider watching TV … a waste of time. A: to be B: being C: is 5. My son doesn’t study very much. He spends his time … TV. A: to watch B: watch C: watching 6. The people … for an hour before the rescuers came. A: had been waiting B: waited C: are waiting 7. I am exhausted. I … hard all day. A: have worked B: have been working C: am working 8. “Do you have breakfast in the morning?” “No, I … .” A: do never B: never do C: don’t never 9. “You have to … home early tonight” “I will” A: be coming B: come C: coming 10. I managed … all my home-work by myself! A: do B: to do C: doing 11. I don’t like … laughed at. A: to be B: being C: to have been 12. … is good for your health. A: To have exercised B: Exercising C: To exercising 13. I enjoyed the play! Were you involved in … the scenery? A: make B: to make C: making 14. I’m sorry. I didn’t mean … your vase. A: break B: to break C: breaking 15. The thieves, who stole the jewellery … last night. A: have been caught B: was caught C: were caught 16. Kevin’s car … last night, so he’s upset to day. A: is stolen B: has been stolen C: was stolen

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17. I hope … a doctor. A: become B: to become C: becoming 18. What a beautiful house! I … about moving here for years! A: had been thinking B: am thinking C: have been thinking 19. The bank … into last night. A: was broken B: broken C: broke 20. I found … money under my bed this morning. A: an B: a C: some 21. Terri had difficulty in … foreign languages at school! A: learning B: learn C: to learn 22. You … get up early tomorrow. You don’t have to go to work. A: can’t B: mustn’t C: needn’t 23. They can’t afford … house this year. A: moving B: move C: to move 24. The patient … for the illness and recovered. A: was treated B: treated C: treats 25. Kate pretended … when her farther came into the room. A: studying B: to be studying C: study

TEST 10 Choose the correct answer 1. If you … that plate, you will burn your fingers. A: would touch B: will touch C: touch 2. … you are busy, we’ll talk now. A: If B: Provided C: Unless 3. If you watch the news, you … a lot. A: learn B: were learning C: would learn 4. … you wear warm clothes, you won’t get cold. A: Unless B: Providing C: Supposing 5. “Shall I invite John to the party?” “Well, were I you, I … him” . A: would invite B: will invite C: am inviting 6. “… the teacher comes back now, what will you do?” “I don’t know” . A: when B: Providing C: Supposing 7. The waiter in the restaurant: “If you … a seat, I will fetch the menu for you” . A: take B: had taken C: have taken 8. If I … the bus, I wouldn’t have been late for school. A: didn’t miss B: hadn’t missed C: don’t miss 9. When water boils, it … steam. A: would produce B: produce C: produces 10. If I wasn’t studying, I … you. A: would help B: help C: will help

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11. If John hadn’t been changing the cassette, he … . A: won’t crash his car B: wouldn’t crash his car C: wouldn’t have crashed his car 12. “If you behave yourself, I … you some chocolate” . A: would buy B: might buy C: buy 13. “Should you see Colin, … and tell me” . A: come B: to come C: will come 14. If we were rich, we … expensive clothes. A: could afford B: can afford C: afford 15. If you are bored, … something else. A: you would do B: you will do C: do 16. … I you, I would look for another job. A: Would be B: Were C: Had been 17. I … you if I had known you were in hospital. A: would visit B: would have visited C: will visit 18. If you … well, lie down for a while. A: hadn’t felt B: don’t feel C: didn’t feel o 19. Ice … if the temperature rises above 0 C. A: will melt B: would melt C: melts 20. Had I known about the meeting, I … it. A: would have attended B: attended C: will attend 21. “It’s high time you … a job, Trevor” . A: have got B: will get C: got 22. “let’s have a party this weekend” “I’d rather we … it his weekend. I’m busy” . A: didn’t have B: don’t have C: haven’t 23. “I wish I had more money” . “Then it’s about time you … spending everything you earn” . A: will stop B: stopped C: stop 24. “… Sharon should visit you, please tell her I’ll see her tonight” . “Okay, I’ll do that” . A: Suppose B: Supposing C: If 25. “I’ve just passed my driving test!” “Congratulations! I wish I … a car” . A: will drive B: could drive C: can drive

TEST 11 Choose the correct answer 1. Suppose you … some money, what would you do with it? A: win B: won C: would win 2. I … the children to school today if you want. A: take B: will take C: am taking 3. Our environment … more and more polluted every year.

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A: become B: becomes C: is becoming 4. We won’t be able to breath if we … polluting the atmosphere. A: will not stop B: don’t stop C: wouldn’t stop 5. … you give me a life to the supermarket, please? A: Would B: Should C: Ought 6. If you give me a lift we … have dinner together. A: would B: can C: must 7. If you had taken the map, you … lost. A: wouldn’t have got B: won’t get C: wouldn’t get 8. If I … enough time, I would visit you every day. A: have B: had C: have had 9. If I have time, I … you tomorrow. A: would visit B: might visit C: visit 10. … the bank is closed, what will we do? A: Unless B: Providing C: Supposing 11. If you … in such a hurry, you wouldn’t have forgotten the file. A: hadn’t left B: didn’t leave C: haven’t left 12. If we had some money, we … on holiday. A: could go B: can go C: will go 13. He denied … his mother’s vase. A: break B: breaking C: to break 14. They … on paying for the meal. A: claimed B: demanded C: insisted o 15. If the temperature rises above 0 C, ice … . A: melts B: would melt C: might melt 16. Sam … for his wallet for hours before he found it. A: has been searching B: had been searching C: had searched 17. If he hadn’t left his wallet on the table, he … it. A: wouldn’t loose B: wouldn’t have lost C: didn’t loose 18. Jack broke his leg while he … last winter. A: is skiing B: was skiing C: skied 19. If he … more careful, he wouldn’t have broken his leg. A: was B: had been C: is 20. If I feel better tonight, I … to the party. A: will go B: would go C: go 21. If I were you, I … a letter of complaint. A: write B: will write C: would write 22. … he’s with his friends, he’s very talkative. A: Providing B: When C: Supposing 23. Nothing will stop her from … out. A: move B: moving C: to move 24. It’s no use … about the exam results. You’ll know soon enough. A: worry B: to worry C: worrying 25. When we lived by the sea, we … to swim every morning. A: were used B: got used C: used

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TEST 12 Choose the correct answer 1. If you had studied more, you … the exam. A: would pass B: will pass C: would have passed 2. If I had a bigger flat, I … a party. A: have B: will have C: would have 3. When I buy a new house, I … every room myself. A: paint B: will paint C: would paint 4. We must run to the cinema. The film … in five minutes. A: starts B: is starting C: will start 5. I live in the city, so I … to busy traffic. A: am used B: get used C: used 6. If he were more polite, he … more popular. A: will be B: would be C: can be 7. If she … her umbrella, she wouldn’t have got wet. A: take B: had taken C: would take 8. … you wear warm clothes, you will catch a cold. A: Unless B: Providing C: If 9. If Jessica calls, … her I’m out. A: will tell B: would tell C: tell 10. Jack is saving money … buy a new car. A: in order that B: so that C: in order to 11. … you study hard, you will pass your exams. A: Supposing B: Providing C: Unless 12. You can take the car … you promise to drive carefully. A: as long as B: as soon as C: such as 13. Bob didn’t attend the meeting, and … the boss was angry with him. A: all in all B: because C: as a result 14. “… you hurry, you will be late for school ” . A: Unless B: Providing C: Supposing 15. What … you do if you saw a burglar in your flat? A: will B: would C: must 16. “If you hadn’t watched that film, you … nightmares” . “You are right” . A: wouldn’t have had B: won’t have C: don’t have 17. If you pass a bakery, … you buy some bread? A: will B: would C: should 18. If you … to open the box, you wouldn’t have broken it. A: didn’t try B: hadn’t tried C: haven’t tried 19. You … close the door. I like to leave it open. A: couldn’t B: must C: needn’t 20. He … that she was the most beautiful girl he’d ever seen.

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A: warned B: denied C: exclaimed 21. They are identical twins and I can’t … one from the other. A: told B: tell C: say 22. Alan apologized for … Jane’s birthday. A: forgetting B: to forget C: forget 23. I don’t mind … , in fact I enjoy it. A: iron B: to iron C: ironing 24. “Can I go and play football, mum?” “If you … your homework, you can go and play” . A: finished B: had finished C: have finished 25. “When ice melts, it … water” “Everyone knows that!” A: becomes B: will become C: would become

Key to Tests 1-12

Test 1 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. A

Test 2 1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. B

Test 3 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. A

Test 4 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B

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Test 5 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. A

Test 6 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. A 19.C 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. B

Test 7 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. A

Test 8 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. A

Test 9 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C

Test 10 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C

Test 11 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A

Test 12 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B

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16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B

16. B 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B

16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C

С остав ители: Антониш кис Александра Альфредов на, Ю маш ева В алерия В ладимиров на. Редактор Тихомиров а О .А.

16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A

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