Менеджмент зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємства. Навчальний посібник

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Author: Дахно І.І.

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ЛІТЕРАТУРА З МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ 1.1. Вітчизняні навчальні посібники з менеджменту зовнішньоеко номічної діяльності. 1.2. Зарубіжні навчальні посібники з менеджменту зовнішньоеко номічної діяльності.

1.1. ВІТЧИЗНЯНІ НАВЧАЛЬНІ ПОСІБНИКИ З МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

XX . # XXI . " #! ## # ! ! " #$ : 1. ' ! " # : # / + . . 3. * : <. ! . . * , *. =. — *.: %3> — >, «», 2000. — 448 . 2. , , . ) ! " #$ . %. 2-, . — *.: %# «B », 2000. –656. 3. . . ) ! " #$ : #. . — 3- ., . . — *.: + — <, 2002. — 384 . 4. . . ) ! " #$ : #. . — *., 5'E, 2002. — 172 . 5. . . ) "G # : '#. ( ). — 1 : &&& «&», 2003. — 384 . 6. = !. # / % . . . . ., (. B. B. H. — J, << «>», — 2004. — 498 . 7. ) ! " #$ : < # / + . &. . *# . — *.: + , — 2005. — 493 . 8. ! " . ., ! " . ., . . ) ! " #$ : , , : #. ( ). — L : , 2005. — 464 . 5

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0 ! # , ! , ! . 21 . 1. *( ! ! NL=. 2. = ! "$ ' $ . 3. + " ' $ ! ! ! 2001—2002 . 4. = ! "$ ' $ . 5. + ' $ «< ! ! ' $». 6. + ' $ «< ! ». 7. + ' $ «< ! ». 8. B ! # ! . 9. *$, ! ' $ - # ! " . 10. +! ( ! " . 11. 0# # $. 12. N . 13. 0 . 14. + (# ) . 15. < . 16. < ( . 17. + ! . 18. < ! . 19. < . 20. > — ( . 21. *. H $ ! " #$ $$ !. 5 «) »: '#. / /. ). ! , . . M, . <. J . < . . G. ., (. /. ). ! . — *.: )5%& )& ' U, = , 2005. — 344 . * . 18

. 1. ) # . 2. = . 3. = . 4. ) . 5. % ! " . 6. L . 7. ) . 8. ) ! $. 9. ) $. 10. ' . * ! ! , . ) . 1. ) ( $ ( Amer World Research). 2. 3( Coca-Cola. = $ ! 169 !. — 800 . 1.2. ЗАРУБІЖНІ НАВЧАЛЬНІ ПОСІБНИКИ З МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ 0 , # ! ! " #$ # ' $. + ! : [. L. > . ' "G # . — ).: *, 1998. — 448 . & $$ ! 5 . 1. + " # $$ ! $ . 2. 0 ! " #$ . 3. & ! - ! " #$ > B $. 4. > ( $ $ ! ! " #$ . 5. = ! " #$ > B $. ' ! 18 . 1. ' ! <! >>B=> 15.11 1991 . \ 213 «< ! ! " #$ $ >>B=>». 2. ' ! <! >B 18 1996 . \ 1209 «< ! " # ». 19

3. B ! 13.10.1995 . \ 157-B3 «< ! " #$ » ( ! ! 8.07.1997 .). 4. < ' >B 8.02.1996 . \ 123 «< B ! » 5. + >B 9.10.1992 . \ 3615-1 «< ». 6. ) >B 18.06.1993 . \ 5221-1 (! ! 19.06.1995 ., 27.12.1995 ., 21.07.1997 .). 7. + >B 21.05.1993 . \ 5003-1 «< (» (! ! 7.08.1995 ., 25.11.1995 ., 27.12.1995 ., 5.02.1997 .). 8. + >B 10.06.1993 . \ 5151-1 «< ( $ » (! ! 27.12.1995 .). 9. + >B 23.09.1992 . \ 3520-1 «< ! , ! ». 10. + >B 07.07.1993 . \ 5340-1 «< > B $ (! ! 19.05 1995 .). 11. «< ) ! " # !’ ! > $ B $». + ' >B 07.04.1997 . \ 402. 12. «< ! ! > B $». + ! 0 >B, ) ! " # !’ ! >B ) !’

#$ >B 29.01, 02.02. 07.02.1993 . \ 01-3/3957). 13. 3 -90. 14. & ! $, ! ( !!# ! ! " . 15. < . 16. < . 17. < ( $ $. 18. *, $ EAn. < $ # 42 !. * ( ! ! M ! %" T! %. E. N «) !», 2001 $ «&», ! . 20

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< # : 2.1. % " 1997 . 2.2. % " 1997 . ! $ . 2.3. L ! " ! 1990—1997 . 2.4. 3 ! , 1995 . 2.5. > #$ 1997 . 2.6. N ! #$ . 3.1. = $. 3.2. T %%<, . 3.3. > . 8.1. R =!. 8.2. / # . 8.3. & ! $ ! - . 16.1. ) «Fiesta» o $ «Ford» R . 19.1. N $ ! . ! ! ## ! $ ( ’ $) ! ( # «Contemporary Business Law. Principles and Cases». («=# ! . < »). & — 1400 . # >( 1 (Ralph C. Hoeber), 0 > (J. David Reitzel), 0 E (Donald P. Lyden), > (nathan J. Roberts), N > (Gordon B. Severance). * ! " =M — «)c Graw Hill Company». N ! «Legal Aspets of International Business Transactions» («< »). < . Introduction to International Business Transactions. (% ). Growing Importance of International Business Transactions. (+# , !, ). Over view of International Business Transactions. (& ). Alternative Business Approaches to International Trade. ( $ ). 22

Direct Sales. (< ). Irrevocable Documentary Letter of Credit. ( # ). Choice of Law, Choice of Forum Clauses in Contracts. (% , ! " ). Distributorships and Licensing Arrangements. (0’ ! ). Transnational Business Corporations. L $). Sovereign Regulation of International Trade. (= $ ). Regulation of Imports. (> ). Product Controls. (< ). Intellectual Property Controls. (* $ ). Regulations of Exports. (> ). Government Licensing of Export Activities. (0 ! $ ). Controls on the Export of Technology and Scarce Resources. (* ! $ ). Regulation of Money Across International Borders. (> " #! ). Extraterritoriality of Sovereign Business Regulations. (/ ). Foreign Government Takeovers of Foreign Investment. ( ! ! ! ). Expropriation; Confiscation. (/ ; ( ). Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity. (0 ). Act — of — State Doctrine. (0 ). Overseas Private Investment Corporation. (+ ! ). Transnational Regulation of International Trade. (L $ ). Multinatinal Regional Trade Communities. (H ). 23

General Purposes. (+ ). European Economic Community (EEC) as an Example. (R / # = (R/=), ). Organizational Structure of EEC. (& ! R/=). Effects of EEC Law on International BusinessTransactions. (% R/= $). negative Clerance. ( # ). International Trade Agreements. () ). Multilateral Agreements. (H ). Bilateral Treaties. (0 ). Summary. (>!). Review Questions. (& ! ). Case Problems. (+# ! ). = , . «Choice of law» !# $, ! $ # . «Choice of forum clauses» !, !

# . «Extraterritoriality of Sovereign Business Regulation» — " $ $ " ! ! $. «Expropriation» — ! ! ! $ $. «Confiscation» — ! $ ! ! $ $ . «Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity» «Act of State Doctrine» — ! $ "$ ! $, # $ $. «negative Clrance» — * $ R! , ! " ! R=. 24

«Case Problems» — =M $ , # , !# ! . &, " ! , ## " ! $ , !, ! ! " $ , # ( . ' # , " .

1. & " ' ( %)%! *" % + &" % ("* ' ( /" & %! %? 2. ( % & ' " ' ( %)%! :, &! ( ( !!!? 3. ) & % ( / ! & " %)%! :? 4. ; / ' ! & * " ' ( %)%! :, % , < =" %! ? 5. + ! %)%! :, * ' &, ' < % / ) %! ! (( > +?

25

2

ЕКСПОРТНА СТРАТЕГІЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ЗА УМОВ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ РИНКОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ 2.1. Експортна стратегія підприємства та її структура. 2.2. Альтернативні стратегії проникнення на закордонні ринки. 2.3. Планування експортної стратегії за сучасних умов.

2.1. ЕКСПОРТНА СТРАТЕГІЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ТА ЇЇ СТРУКТУРА

+ " # " " " , " , # , ! . L #, ! " # ’ ! ! # . / « » «stratos» ( ) «agein» (). 5 " $

, ! ! , !!# # . ' 80- 11 . #! ( $ $ # N. ) , !# « » #! ! %( =@ «5 A»: 1) — ; 2) — , $, , $ ; 3) — ; 4) — ! " , !’ ! ! $ # ; 5) — , , . 26

# $ ! >( =. ' ! # , " ! " , ! ! !’ ! , $$ #, . . L #, >. = $ $ $ (« — »). : ' & — # $ $, !# !!# $$ $ !# # . /

! $ $ $ ! $. + ! $ $ $ ( ! ’ !’ ! #: 1) ( # ! $ $; 2) ! ; 3) ! !; 4) ( ! $ $; 5) ! $, ! $ ! " , , $$ (! , $ # $). %!# ! ! ( , ! . = , ! ! , . < ( # , !# ! $ — «», «», « ». ' — ! , : — !# ( !! ; — ; — ; — $ ; — ! ! ! $ ; — ( !. 27

H " , " ! # , ( ( , $$ , ! , . + #, ! ! ! # , ! . ( ),

( ! " . < $$ ' %)%!: — ! ( " , !# ! " " ); — ! ! ! " ; — ! ( $ $ ); — ! , ! ( $ , $$ # , ! — # ); — ! ( $ — ! ! $ ! # ); — ! ! ( ( ), ! $). / « » « »: — ! " ; — ; — () ! " ; — ! # ; — ! " ; — ; — # . & = =+ — , ! ! !" , , ! , ! ( , , " $ - , # 28

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! . % # + ! + ( "(: , ( "), ( ), ( ). & ( , ( , . 5 31

: # , ( , # ! . * - : ) " ( ! " , ( ; ) " " ; ) !$ !$ ; ) . A / (* ) & ( , " ! $ ! $. % # $, !#$ $ ! # . > - , $ ! $ . 5 ( , $ $ ! . %! (' =" ) & !# ! ( ) " . = ! ! ! # . B - !’$ . < # — . : ' (' ) & ’ ! ! . 5 ! " ". = — . H- $ (!, ( ), , !: 1) 2) $ # ! $ . = ! ! " " ! $ $ ! $ $ % ' $ ! ! " # (+/0) ! ! # , !# " " !. !, ! " !

$ ! " #$ $ 32

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! , : — ; — ; — ! ; — ; — . ) !, # " $ $ , — ( ) . % ! $ : ) , ’ ! ! ! ! ! $

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, , $ ; ) !# ! ! $ ! , # . , , , . % 34

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" $ " ! ! , ", #

. 3 =< ! ! . B ! " , '&% ! & " $ " # # . < $ ! " # ! $ $ ", ! # ! $ . B 36

- , ( # # ! $ ( . 3 : ) # # ; ) . * $ " ! . < : — ! ! " #$ ! ! , # , " ( , ! , ; — # ( ! $ $ ; — ! $ ! , #, # ; — $ #, , , !, , $$ # . & , ! " , $ , $ $$ # , " ! , ! " . O ! " ( = "! @, $ # $ $ $ $ $. ' ! $. L #, (

! ! " . $ ! # ! , # , # $ . N $ $ $$ $, — , !

$ , . ( " &, ! , # $ $ " ! ( . 0 $, , — ! #. 37

5 ! ! , Sony, Coa-Cola, Pepsi Co, McDonalds, Procter & Gamble . < , # " . L ! /@ ' %&. 0 B , $ ! , : ) " ; ) ; ) # $ $; ) ! ; ) ; ) !’ ! $ # , ’ $ ’ $ " ! " . B ! $ ! ! " . , $ # " # $. % ! !"

! " . R ( # ’ ! ! " ($ $ " ). O $ # " ! ! $ , $

! "

. 2.3. ПЛАНУВАННЯ ЕКСПОРТНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ЗА СУЧАСНИХ УМОВ

+ # $ ! " , , , , , $ # ( $, . & ! $ ! $ ! " ( . 38

< $ $ ! ( ! : — (!# " $); — # ( ! ! ); — ( # ( ! !# , " ( ! $ , ). < $ $ ( ! : 1. = !. 2. ) !. 3. = # . 4. L # . 5. *. ' ! ! !# ( 3 ) '* %! ' ( ! = ) # — SWOT- !, # , ! ’ ). < . % $ ! ( $$ ! ( - $ , ! # !- ). & ! " ! ! ! #. ) ( ! — , # ! $ !- . )

- $ ! , : ! ! , # , ! , ! # . # " ! !-( ( : ) «! — # », ! Boston Consulting Group (H*N); ) 3. (( « — »; ) « ! — ! », General Electric . 39

> ! # ! $ ! %! ' (% ) $ $. + : ( - , ! ! ( - ( ( - ( . 0 !, , , , -", ! ! " , # ! ! " ; -, ! ! " ; -, # , ( , ! ! ! . %# # , . ( )& ! $ ( $ ( , , # ). % ! ! , $ ! , ! , ! , !" , ! ! . 0 ! $ ( $ ' " )& — " , ( " # . S ! , # !! $, ! # , . < ! ( . + «# ( », $ " ! >. %, ! $ $ " " ! ! , ( , $$ ! $ . + , ! ! ! # ! ! $ !. ! !# ! , ! ! ( ! $ : - , # , - . + $, , $ ! 40

! , ( ! , ! "$ , , ! $, $, !’ , ! $ , ! . $ ' ( ' ! &) $ $ # " ( $ # ( ! ! " . L ! # $ $: ! " , , , $ ! . >!

$ $ ( . < , ! " $ , , ! . & " =/@ ' + +, : ! ! , ! $ , ! ; ! " $.

1. J &? 2. !%@" ' ! @? 3. ' %)%! % %? 4. / " + ! B & '% " + " %? 5. % = . 6. $' ! + ( "(. 7. " + ' & . 8. & '" ''/%= = ! ! @ . 9. E & & (! /" & ' ! & *" + + B%? 10. : ' ' ! & ' + + B%. 41

3

УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ПРИ ВИХОДІ НА ЗОВНІШНІ РИНКИ 3.1. Конкуренція і конкурентоспроможність у зовнішньоекономіч ній діяльності. 3.2. Моделювання зовнішньоекономічної діяльності.

3.1. КОНКУРЕНЦІЯ І КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ У ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

* — $ , ! ! ! $ . 5

. # !# # ! ! ( . ' !" $, - $$ # . ' *$, %’ # ! # , . L !’ . 0 , . =( ! " #$ $. ' ! ! ! $. O ! " $ ! $ , , , , , , , ( #! . * — # ! , . L ! # ’ : ’ , ! $ ’ 42

! " ! " . H ! # — ! . * ( $$ — ) ! . > ! $ ( $) ! ! . & ! : — ( ( , , , #$ ), ; — ! ; — ( ( !# ! — ! (# , , .). * # # ; !# , . " # ! $ . ' $ ! ( !

. 3 $ ! , ! # , . $ ! ! . + $ ! , ( # !" ! . * # !" , $ !. * , !" ! " !, ! " , ! ! ,

$. + " ! ! . +! $ , ! # ! ’ . +! $ , -, !, # ,

! ! ! ! . &# ! !# $. O , # 43

$, # , # . " , ! # ! , ! , : ! ! ! ’ : !! !$ $ ! - , # !# $ - . + " ,

, ! $ # - , -; ’ , . O # # , !# ! . L . * : x # # , , # ( !, ! ; x ( , , !# # ! $ ; x - ! , !

$ ; x # ( — ( , ! , , . * ,

! ! . * # ! #. % ! (! , ! # , ! , " ). L

. 0 ! ( ) !’ ! ! ! # . 3 ! # ( ) : ! , ! # , ! 44

. ) ! !"

, ! - ,

$, !" ! " ’ ! -# , , ! ( . 0 ! ( ! : — ! ( , # " " ( ; # ,

( ! ; ! "; ( $; ; # ( !); ! ’ ; GAP- !; LOTS- !; SWOT- !; ( ! ! H* N. 3. (( .; % ( !!# ! , ! , " . 5 $ , !!# ( " ! , ’ ! # . & ! ! , !# ! $ # , ! " : , , ,

" , # (( ); # ( !# ! # ! ( # ); ! — , , , ! ( ); $ ; ! ! ! ! ! , #. 0 " , ! . T " ! # , # . ) $ 45

# : 1. ! ! , $ ! . 2. < ( $ !# , ! ! . %# ( #, $

! 100. 3. 0 " . " !# ! 1 5 1 10. < , # ! 1, — 5 10 . 4. < ! ( , $ . 5. % ! ! , ! $ #$ . < ! ! ! !# , #, !. + , # # , # . ' ! ( !’ , # ( " ( ), ! " , # $ , , ’ ! ! ! " !!. = ! ( ! $, ! " , # " ( ! #-!$ . " #$ : 1. = ( $ — , , . < 46

$ " ! ! ! $ ! !

! ’ . 2. = $ — ! $ "$ # , $ . 3. = ! $ — , ! , ## !" , ; , $ - , # ’, # $ #$ "$ $ . * !# — ( , , !, $ . * . % # ( , - ), ! (" , , " ), # (! , $), . &, ! !’ # ( " ( ), ! " , # $ , , ’ ! ! ! " !!. < !# $ $ # . 5 ! , ! " # , , !" , . = , ! $, $ ! . < ! " , $ $: $ " , !! ! " —

, ! , ( , . H- ! ! ( $$ " ! , ! $$ ! . 47

%# ! # ! $ ! ! " , ! ! ! ! ! $. & !

! # ! $ ! $ # ( ! !! $$ " . & ! ! # ( ! , , , ’ ). <. % $ $ ( ’ : x ! ; x !! - ; x # $ ; x !! ; x $ . %# , , ! ! $

! ! , ! ! " , !!# , ! # . %# $ , $ . * ( " "! , # ! $$ . =’ ( , , , -! . * , ! $ ! $$ # , , # , ! $ ! $. 3.2. МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ! " #$ , "

! # # # " ! . = ( $ ! " ( . ( $$ — , ! # # . 48

&, " , ", , ( $ . < $ ( !, " . L ! , , ’ . 3 , " ! . 0 # , # ! , !# ! $ ( , " ! . 3 ! # ! # # , #, #. < !

-# ". + ! # ! ! # ( )-*). ) )-* — # " # !# ! #. + -#$ !’ ! )-* ( ,

" ! ! . L# ", $ !# ! . < /&) ! ! " . + " # # . 5 ( ! # ,

" $ . " " -( ! ! $- . T " ( ! ! " # , " ( , " # " " . <# — ! " ! ( , " . + " # " ! # ! , 49

, ! # ! $ ( , $ ! . H ! ! " ! # ! # - $ $ . & , # $ # ! !" ! ! , $ #. & ! ! ’ ( $ , , $$ " . 3 !# !

" . /( ( ! . + " # , , # . 3 , ! $ " # . % $ ! " #$ , ! ! " #$ $ . % ! , $ ! $-

"" # ! " # . L " ! " #$ " ( # . ' . &, ! "- # # . * $ " , !!# " # # " (!, ) #$ ( $. R $$ . 0

!# $ ! ! , # " ! $ #$ ( $ . < — !’ ! . 0 #

$ # , 50

, $$ # . L # ’ . 0 # # , ( ! , ! ’ (). & ’ ( $ . = ! # " ! $ #$ , ( ! ( ! " , ! . < $ ( $, $ # ( ! $ # . L ( — ! "$ # ! , ! . 5 ! ( ! $, — ( !$ #$ . < ,

( # ! # . 0 ( # ! ’ , ( , , ! (( ). + ! ! $$ . 5 , , . < " # , # # , ! . ! , , ! # ! ( # . L , , ! ! $ #$ . &, ! , ( ! ! ! , # ( ( ), ( #. < #$ , . —

51

$ !# ! ! , # , # ! ! , ( . 5 " " # ! ( $ , $ ! # . &, " ! $ , — ! , ! ! ! $ . < !# ! # ( #) , " ( #! !# # — , , . + !# # ( !# !# # ( ) ' ( !# " ! ! ). ' ! # : ; ! ; . L ! , « » . =! — # , ’ ! ! ! ! . % , #, ! . & !$ ! ! # ( , — ! ! . + $ # ( . S !# ! ! . /( " ( ! " #$ . % # " , , ’ , . % $ ! " #$ ! #: # ! , " ! # , !!#

$ " . 52

1. J !=&? 2. )" " !=+? 3. > %! % )!" ' & ! ' ''/% ? 4. % % % ! ! ' ? 5. ;% %@/" & ! ' % ) " ''/% ? 6. ' % ' & ' &" =@ & ! ' % ) ? 7. J % = % @ &? 8. " B % =+ % = %! % @ ? 9. J / % = % @ & & !' & *" % @ &" @?

53

4

ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНИ НА СВІТОВОМУ РИНКУ ОЗБРОЄНЬ 4.1. Світовий ринок озброєнь. 4.2. Збройовий бізнес України.

4.1. СВІТОВИЙ РИНОК ОЗБРОЄНЬ =’ ! ! " ( $ # . «1 » $$ #

!$. % =>=> =M " . L « » , , , ! . ' , !#, , ) , %" , # # . 0 # =>=> =M - # , ! « », — ( , ! $ E $ . * ! !" ! ! . & ! ( " ! ! #

$, ! , # # ! . H!, # . + , !" ! !, , B , *, 3!$. =>=> =M ! , . < " # ! . + - # ! ! $ !# !, # 90- !$. S ( # ! # 90- . 54

= # $ !

. + # !$, ## $ =0. + # $ ! # ’ #. 3! ! # « $ » # ! ! R . % ! !" $ L&, , " & ! $ %" 0 (&%0), ! $ , ! ! . + ! E # (LISS) ! ! (=D), ! 1985—1995 . # L& ! ! 16—18%, &%0 — 76—80 %. %, ’ ! ! ! !, !" ". # ! # !# ! $ ! $ , " # !. % ! ! ! # , = *. + 80- =>=> # # ! # ! ! ! $ . L , > =! && 1990 . «0 !$ ! 1989 ( » !$ $ ! !# 673 . (! 1 .), # " $ « » # 6,0—6,2 . 1982—1986 . &# =M # $ ( : 80- . # $ !$ $

! 1,4 . (54,8 ! 1950 1988 .), 90- # " #, #

1,16 . (56,9 . ! 1950 1998 .). 5 ! ( , =M !$ 90- ( ! $ ) " 55

, # . Q ( , # — 1989 1990 . ( , , 4,3 4,8 ., 1998 . # 3,4 . % # !$ 3 , E $, P $ # ! $ . * , # ! $ (&%L) ! ! ! $, 3 < , ! # . Q # ! ! " $ — ! $ ! $ $ ! $ . = ! H! , 3!$, <> 3 . 1 ! # ! ! $ ’ ! ! " &%L ! # # , , !$, ! . < &’ / , ! 3 ., ( # !$ . # ! = $, * , )! $, P>, L " $ . &# ! , # # !$ , # !" ! ! $. + ! !$ $ ! $, , "# $ , # ! $ $ ! . T $ $ $, . & ! ! ! ! $ , " # "$ , $

". <# 56

, # . L , > ! «J » %& «B!» # )N-29, # $ %<=. > ! . 0, ! # 3!$, =M , ! $, !!## !, . & ! # ! ! (! , $ ! ! ,

), ! $ " . ' ( ! $ ! # # ! $ ! ! ! " . $ ( " ) , # . M" , , , !! ! " $ , . +# " # , $$ . < # ! !! , # . %! # ! ! #$ # $ $$ . +’ ! " ! ! $. % # !$ !# , $ $, # $ < $ ! , O $ $ ! $. * , !, . # !$ $ — # . L « » !# # ! $ $$ , 57

!# , ! $$ , " !# / ! , ! ’ ! $ # $ $-

( ! ’ ! $ / ’ ). «T » — # ! " / ! ! $ . + # !$ ’ ! " # ! $ $ # "$ $. = &%L, ! # ! ! $ $ , ! !$ ! . > . # !#, !$ ! $- ( $ . 5 , #, , , !" # # $ $ $ $ $, . L , #, ! , ’ ! ! " ! $ $ (%L), # # ! ! !. ’ # # # $ . 5 ! , # 50—60% ! « $ ». ! $ , ( , ! ! " ! $ ! " . B " , # $ #! . +#, #! ! !# , " ! $,

( ! . % # #! ! # ! ! !$ , # . L ! . <-", !#, "" ! , 58

" . B " ! , ! # ( ! > ! +>* «L-)1» * — ! # F=-1). % ! $ , #, " -" !# , !! ( $ , . ' ( ! ! . >" # ! $ " # . L , $ " !# . + # , ! ! ! . 3 !

%L. =# &%L ! 23—30 . # - ! ! " . + $ ! -L (L>) R H! = = . ' " ! $ ! ! $ $ . = ! , ! ! " , . ( !$ 90- $ =0. & " =0 ( # # , $ !$ # !

! . 0 !, ( ! ! # " ( . 5 , ! (. = ( " ! ) ! ! $. H " $ =0 (! , ' $ # H ) $ 59

$ $ . ) ! . ' ( # !. 3# ! ! $ " ! " $ ! $ , =>=>. 0 ! ! $ !: 1) &%L ! " !$ # , # ! $ 23—30 . #; 2) =M ! $ # ! $ !# ! , # #

$ $ # ! $ !# ; 3) " ! ! , # , , ! # # ; 4) ! #$ - #$ $ H! = = # $ ! !# !; 5) L> ! !$ $ H! = = . < ! ! ! $ $. 3( ! ! $ #! 10—15 $ !# ; 6) ! !! ! ( , ( F-22) ! $ # $ #$ $ " "" ; 7) ! " ( ! $ + $ R ! ! !$ $ =M. 60

4.2. ЗБРОЙОВИЙ БІЗНЕС УКРАЇНИ ( ( !, ! ! #! ! ! $ — ’ $ ( : «' "», «<», «' ») ! ( , ! , ! $ . .) ! . + ! !, ( #$ ! $ # , ! # , , "$ ’ " $. ' + «< ! # !# » 20.02.2003 . \ 549-IV , ! , : ( " ' & — ! , , , # $ , #, , !# ! , !!# ; ' ! " ' & — ! # # ( !# ' $ ! $$ , # ( ), ( ! , , , , , , # , ( $, ! $, $, , ! $, ! , !, ! , , ( $, # !# , !!# # !$ # $$ ! ! ( ; + " ' & — ( - ( (! !$ ( $), ! ,

!# !# . 5 ( ( # #$ : # — , , , , , , (, ( $, !!# , $, ! " , # ,

( $; 61

' % — , , ! ! ! ( $, # , # ; ( + — $, !# , , ! ; ' & — , , , !!# , !# , , ’ ! ! , , !# , # # ! , , !# , !$ ! , ! !!#$ !$ # $, # , # #, # , # # , !# * ) ' $. / ! ' $ # 1992 . * ! # , # . B # , # — $25 # $400 ". <, ! , ' $ # , " # " ! , # !$ 1993—1996 . !!

$50—200 . + «! » — , ! ( , ! , ! , ( $14 ! )

" ! #! !. % 1997—2000 . !$ $450— 600 , ! . ' ! 10 !$ ! $3 (! " — $32 ). + , , !$ ! ! ' $ ! . % ' $ ! # ! 1989 . !$ ( «<», 1991 — 0 «' "», 1993 — 0 «' », 1996 — 0$ 62

$ «' », 1998 — 0 «= », !( 2003 . ! 2005 . . . & ! «' » ! ( - , , , ! # $$ ! , !# ( $ !$. ' 0* «' » , ! " ! ! !$,

$ !# , #$ ! $ ! " # . 0 ! # ! $, $ $ ' $ !$. «' » " ! 50 ! . 0 !!# $ ! $ ! $, # #! !# , $ >B, 3 $, *$, , < , )’ . 5 !# !" ( ! ! $ , ! " ’ , ! ! $ . < ! ! # * ) ' $ + ' $ «< ! # !# » " ! ' $, <! ' $ ! . % + ! ! ! # ( !# , " , 10 + !

) !#: 0 ’ $ ' $, ! # , ’ ! # ( 12 + ); ’ ! " #$ ,

! , 63

!# , , , * ) ' $ ! # ( 13 + ); ’ ! # , ! " # ( ) !# ( - $ ) , $ !$ # , , ’ ! ! ( ) ( 18 + ); ’ ! " #$ ! ! " # ( ) ! # , * ) ' $ ( 17 + ); ’ ! # # ! ’ $ # "$ ! # 0 ! # !# ! " # ( ) , ( 16 + ); ’ ! # , ' $ ! # $ # ! ( 19 + ); ( , ( 21 + ), # ! # 0 ; ! 0 ’ !

# , ! , # ( ( # ! # , !# , ! ( 22 + ); ’ ! # , ( !# ! "

! # ( 24, 25, 26 27 + ). 64

' + !# , : !# ; ; , 10 + ! . * « !# » # , «< ! ! # !# », ! * ) ' $ 20.11.03 \ 1807, ! , % , # $ ' $. * « » ! , : — «, !# !, $ # $ » (! ! , % ); — «, $ !$» (! ! , «> ! »); — «,

$ !$» (! ! , N # ); — «, #$ !$» (! ! , $ * ! ! , , # , ! #$ !$ $$ ! ); — «, #$ ( #$) #$ !$» (! ! , $ * ! ! , ! #$ ( #$) #$ !$ $ ! ). %!# * ) ' $ «< ! ! # 65

! ! ! # . 5 < ! * ) ' $ 28 #

2004 \ 86. ' !!# < , ! . ' 2001—2002 . ' $ !" $ $ !# , . ' !, " . 5, , $ ! $ ! , $ <<&: ! ! "

«3 », 01* «L!», 1* «' », 03 «*» " . = " , 2002 ., !# «<» 100- # < , # , ! <! ' $ 3 . % !" # -124 «>». % ! 2002 . #

# $ $ ! «*#» *. % # ! 30 ., 2002 . %L «)-= #» ! ! < -= $ ! $. ' $ L , $" ! !! . 0# ' ' " $ $. = " ! — $ # )-29 ! <<& $. < " L , B $ «)». ' 2002 . ' $ ! " ( ( $ $. ( ! . 5 ! ' $ ! $ !$, ! . = ! !# . 0 # «* » E ! E (9 u 19). 5 2002 . T > . 66

N # $ !$ !" ! $ . ' $ 2004 . !$ $ ! 650 . " " — ! . % #! - # (%L=) $$ " $ ! $ $ - #$ , $ !!# , ! . L ' $ ( #$ %L=. ' ( %L= — , , # , ( . < — . 5 ! $

" #$ , , - (&<*). 5 ' " $$. ! #$ ! $ %L=, ! ( #$ ' $ ( #, # !". % , ! !!’ ! !

! . ' - # ! ! # ) ' $, ) ! ' $, ) ' $, ) $ ' $, = ! ' $, 0 ' $, # ' $, 0 ' $. ! #$ $ ( - # ! ! ! , ! ,

" - , !’ ! ' $, ' ! <! ' $ <! ' $ $ . * ! ’

( $, <! ' $. # !# ! " # - #$ ' $ ! ! , # ! , , 67

, ' $ # !. - ' $ ! ! ( %L= #$ . L , ! #$ ( %L= # ) ) , " , ’ ! ! ! ! - #$ . % # ( %L=, !"$ - #$ ! ! . L , !# $ ! " ’ ! " #$ ( %L=, ! # ' $, # $ !# — ! ! ! , , " ( ! . . 3 ! $ %L= $ $ , ! $ # , ! , # ! #, . 0 ' $ # ( «+!# $ - - # ( » !!# $ $ . % $ ! #$ , ! ’ %L= $ ! ! - # #! &<*. ! $ %L= ! # !! ! ! $ $ # ! " ( ! . B , - # # , # , - # ! &<* ! ! ! " # #! ! ’ $ , ! - , $ 68

! # ! !" - #$ ! " $. ' ! $ %L= $ ! " # ! # ! ! " # ! &%L ! + =, " ( ' $. % ! ( %L= ! ! , ’ %L=, "# - ' $, !!# ’ ! !# ! &%L, ' $ . ' #, # $ $ !# ! !# # # ! , ’ ! ! ( , $. ' !’ ! !

! " # , , ! &<*, #! ! $ - , 30—40% !$ . L ! " ,

!" . = ! : 1. 3 !’ ! - # ( ' $ > # , ## ! $ %L= ! ## &<* $. 2. < R ! ' $ > $ ! R - ! -70 # ! %L= ' $ ! R ! . 5 ( ! T B , " $. < ' $ ! $ R, , ! , <, N , ) " , ! - # # ' $ - # ( . 3. 3 , # # 2001 ., ! ! $ 70. < ! ! $ # , ! ! ' $ > , . 69

4. < , ! , - $ , ! ' $ . 5. < ! ' $ ! " $ - # ( . L# # ' $ ( ! "! $ # ! ! . 6. + !$, ! . < !, ' $ !! ! $ , ! $ !$ , ! =M, ##, B " . 7. < =M $ ! #$ $ ( , ! =M # ! < ' $ # $ $. &#, " # ' $ !$ < ! $ 3 $, ! ' $ ! " ’ %L=. & ' $ ! # ’ ! ! !" , &<*, - (, # . 0 " " ! ! ! " "$, ! "$ ' $, #, "$ ! $ !# . 0 ( ! - , EADS Airbus Industry, !# ’ " # . = , # ( " , " "" " $$ ! $ , ", ! " $. " , ! " ! ! # , ! , ## $$ ! ! ## ! . % ' $ ! ’ $ , &<* $. 70

% # $ . <-", $ — ( ( # " . < )& ' $ " #, , , ! " # . 0, , " ! . <-, , ! ( &<* . <-, , , . <-#, , ! . = &<* ! !. ! $, ( ! ! ) ! ! . % #! - !# " - , " ! $ $ . 0 ! ! $ ) " ' $ ! # &<* ' $ " ! 5%. +! , &<* ' $, " ! $ $ > $, ! , ! !’ ! ! $, ! ' $ > . # ! ' $. !!’ ! ! ( $ - #$ ' $ !# ! . >! " ! : ! #! &<*; $ #$ !; !" , $ &<*; $ !# ; !" " ! ( ! , ! ( ( + = ' $ " ; 71

( # !’ ! - ' $ ( ! , ( - #$ ' $ ! ! . & ! " # ! ( $ #$ $ ' $. 5 ! " # , , !# %L= ' $, $ ! $$ ! "$ . M R # . ' , ! $ $ $, ! " , #! ! , R= L&. % - # ' $

! # . + , ! # # $ ’ ’ . * , !$ , #! ! , ( ! ! . O ! $, " L&, !! ( ! $ ! # !. < ( $ ! L& R= ( - #$ -$ ! $$ . S ! , ’ , # %L=, ! . = $ R ! #! , . + , $ , $ !. ' $ # $ ! $ R= L& ! : ( - !, ! # ! SALIS (Strategic Airlift Interim Solution); ! , , # # ! . L 72

# ! ; # $ ! ; $ R =!. & ( ! «N »; ! L& ( , # =M #$ ! <>&; ( ! $ !, . ' $ ! $ L& R. , ! ! N # " «+». + T > ! # . *H «< » # «%», ! 30 «N ». % ' $ 17 ! ! $ !# . 5 3 0* «' », 5 # 9 &<* ' $ — ’ ! " #$ , !# . % ! ! , ! # 0* «' », $ ! "$ "$ $. ! . 0 ' $ ! ! !# . + " # ' $ ( ! ! $ . 5 — # , $ !# ! . T , ' $ !# " ? 0 ( ( ' $ — ! # " ! , !$ (. !! , ! ! , : , ( , ! , !# 73

, ! — # — $ ! ! ! #. T# ! , «&( ' $» ! $ !. 0 # ! . $ $ «' »: . 0 , 36, *$-119, 04119. * ( — 4584661. &# $$ 0* «' » . < ! ! $ . + ## ! * , «' "», «<», «' », «= ». , ## ! — ! ( .

1. ( +? 2. * ( & " + % " + " + ' % %% ) %. 3. ; !/ ( ' % " ! + , < @" &? 4. # " %' = !'" % = ! %) %! ( %! ( . 5. J / ' ' & ( + ! ? 6. !@" % ! ( @, ' ! !()% ( %? 7. ; % ) ( ' % " + % ' '&%! &? 8. ; % ) & & ( + (! (’/ % %) + ( + ? 9. ' ( +. 10. :%( ! B %) + ( /@. 11. ! /% " ! ( + " + ? 12. + E %! ! ( +. 13. > + ’& & %! ! ( +? 14. J / ' «> '= ' »? 15. ; % & % > + «A ) " %) % ' % "74

' & ' &» 20.02.2003 . K 549-IV, ' @ (! > + «A & & ) @ %) % ' % " ' &» 20.11.2003 . K 1807 ' @ (! > + «A & & ) @ %) % ' % ' &» 28.01.2004 . K 86. 16. A (% " - ' (= > + !()% + %.

75

5

ВІЛЬНІ ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ЗОНИ 5.1. Сутність, цілі та принципи формування і функціонування віль них економічних зон. 5.2. Класифікація вільних економічних зон. 5.3. Нормативноправове забезпечення вільних економічних зон в Україні та перспективи їх функціонування.

5.1. СУТНІСТЬ, ЦІЛІ ТА ПРИНЦИПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ

І ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ВІЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ЗОН

H- , $ $ # ! (%/+), $, ! ( %/+. % ' $ ! ! , !# $ ! ( # !, ! # $ , ! ’ #$ ! ! > , $ #$ " , + ' $ «< ! ! ( ( ) # !» 13 1992 ! \ 2673 — 133. =# # !, , , ! # : # , - # (. 1). < # " ! ! - # ! $. + ! 1 + ' $ «< ! ! ( ( ) # !», ( ) # ! ' $ , : !# ! $, !

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% #, %/+ " " 1 3 : ; # ; ( " ; ! ! ( # , ( , , ! ) $ $ ; ! ! . 3 ,= V 6 : $ % — %/+ ( !# , " ; ' " $ % — , ( , !" - $, . < : # ( $ $ ( , $ # $ ; !!# ( ; $ $ ! !# ( . < : #$ ! $$ ! ; !!# !’ ! ! ; ! ( !" $ . + " ' $, %/+ ", . # #! # ! $ ! ! ( %/+ $ , ! ! ! . & #. 5.2. КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ВІЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ЗОН 3 ! ( $ %/+. " , , " $ ! " %/+, 78

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) — # $ , ! ( , -( , ) #$ ! , !# ! , !" ! " # !’ ! , !!# , !!# ! . % ( # !, ! , $ $, !, ( — ! ! , - # ! . #-% — %/+,

! # , $ #! ( , ! " ! ! . % ( — , ! , # , -# ( # , , , ), . # - $ — # !, , , - , ! ( ! , ! $ $ ( # ! !# ! ) ( -# !. 9 - % ((* ) — !, ! ! ! ! . &(" 80

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%/+ " , ( ) # !, ! ! . 5.3. НОРМАТИВНО"ПРАВОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ЗОН В УКРАЇНІ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЇХ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ

< # ! ' $ ! " ! " % > ' $, ' ! ! <! ' $, ( , , ), ! $ ! $ . + " !# ` , ! , # ( !# ! $ . + ! ( - , !, , , — # . < ! , %/+ ' $ # ( ). & !#, ! $ -$ ! !. < ! " ! . # # , $ . L ' $ " !$ $ ! %/+ !" . < %/+ ' $ !# , , + ' $ «< ! ! ( ( ) # !» 13 1992 . \ 2673-133. = $ $ $ ( $) #$ ! ' $ ! . + : + ' $ «< # ! $ 0 » i 24.12.1998 . \ 356-XIV ( %/+ «!» «0 »); 81

+ ' $ «< # ! “O ”» i 15.01.1999 . \ 402-XIV; + ' $ «< # ! “* L ”» i 18.03.1999 . \ 514-XIV; + ' $ «< # ! “=#”» i 03.06.1999 . \ 721-XIV; + ' $ «< ( ) # ! “<-( ” $ & » i 23.03.2000 . \ 1607-III; + ' $ «< # ! “> ”» i 23.03.2000 . \ 1605-III; + ' $ «< # ! “) $”» i 13.07.2000 . \ 1909-III; + ' $ «< $ ! # ! “< *” > *» i 21.12.2000 . \ 2189-III; + ' $ «< # ! “+ ”» i 22.03.2001 . ! \ 2322-III. # !, ! , " ) $ ! $ , ( ' $. < , ( ) # ! , $ $ ) $ ! $ . + # $ $ ( $) #$ ! !# , ! !!# !$ $. & , ( ) # ! ' $, . 1. 1 ! # , %/+ ' $ , . 1. + ' $ 13.10.1992 . \ 2673-XII «< ! ! ( ( ) # !». 5 + !# $ ! ( ( ) # ! $ ' $, ! # $ , ! ` #$ ! ! , $ #$ " . 82

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2. < * ) ' $ «< * ( ) # ! ' $» 14 ! 1994 . \ 167. <# ! $ , , # " , " - - # ! " %/+. * # ! « # " %/+ ! !!’ ! ! $ , ! ! " # !’ ! , " ! $». ' * $ !#

! %/+ ' $ , ( %/+. 3. < * ) ' $ «< ! ( # ! ! $ » 24 1999 . \ 1756. 5 < ! $ # $ - $ $ ! ( # ! ! $ ; # !

* ) ' $ ! # ! ! . L \ 1756 < ! ' $ ( ) # ! ! $ 2010 . % $ ! 10 %/+ ! : %/+: !!# 87 . #., ! " $ 3,9 , 3,4 . =M. 4. < * ) ' $ «<

$ ! # !» 26 2000 . \ 1175. 5 < ! . ! 9 ! . 5. < % $ > ' $ «< ( * ) ' $ ! ! # ! $ 84

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2000 \ 1935-III. ' < , ! , !!# : «... - ! #$ , # ! ! , ! #

! ! ». 6. ' ! <! ' $ «< ! ! " ' $» 22.02.2001 . \ 108. <! : « - , - ! $ , " ! $ , ! !# ! ». 7. < * ) ' $ «< < ! ( # ! ! $ » 28 2001 . \ 184. ' < ! , « ! ! !# - # ! ( # ! ! $ , $ ! , ! , # # ! $ " ( ». 5 < !# ! %/+ ! (L<>) ' $. 8. < * ) ' $ «< ! * ) ' $ (

# ! ! » 26 2001 . \ 896. 5 < %/+ L<> , ! ! ’ «... ’ , # ! ! ' $ $ ( $ ! " #$ ('*L+/0), ! ' $ # ! $ ». 9. < * ) ' $ «< ! ( # ! ! $ 2001 » 26

2002 . \ 1241. 5 < ! 1 2005 . # ! %/+ 85

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! $ %/+ L<>. / ! ) ! # ) ( , ) $ , ) $ , 0$ $ $. 11. + ' $ «< ' $ 2004 » 27.11.2003 \ 1344-IV. 5 ! ! 2004 . 5 " + ' $ «< ! !

( ( ) # !» 13.10.1992 . \ 2673-XII, !# # #$ » %/+ L<> ' $, ! !. 12. + ' $ «< ! + ' $ < ' $ 2004 » 17.06.2004 . \ 1801-IV %/+ L<> ' $. 13. >! * ) «< ! ! » 25 2004 . * ) # 0 $, 0 , N - ! , ) , ) , ) ( , ) " , = ! , 0 ! $ # ! ! $ ! , # ! ! . 14. < * ) ' $ «< ! < ! ! ( # ! ! $ » 8 2004 . \ 1167. 5 < ! " # <

! ( %/+ L<>. 15. + ' $ «< ! + ' $ «< 0 ' $ 2005 » " ! 86

# ' $» 25 ! 2005 . \ 2505-IV !# ! ! # ! (%/+). = ! $ $ %/+. 3" , , ! $ . < ! (-#$ # ! # ! . < $ %/+ ! + ' $ «< ! ! ( ( ) # !» 13.10.1992 \ 2673-XII (! 1, . 24—25). % ! , # ! ! ! # , $$ , % > ' $. 0 # , <! ' $, / #$ > > ' $ % E 2005 . ’ «=» !!#, ' $ ( # ! " $ # , ! (" ! <! ' $ % P 2005 . , ! # ! , ,

$ !’ ! ! , ( $. < " , $ " $ , ! ! ( , ! . L ! ! ! , ! ! $ . !## , ! $$ $ $ ( # ( %/+), $ $ %/+. $ !’ ! , . ' , , " !’ ! , — " ! $ " . !# !!# , * ' $ 18 2005 ., % 87

' $ (, ! , ( % $ > ' $), . 19 + ' $ «< » . 5 + ' $ «<

$ ’ $ , ! ! #! », , $ ! ( - $ # $ , ! (’ ! ), " * ' $ 29 # 2002 . ! ! , . Q # ! ' $ , , ! . , ! , ( ! ! " #$ $. < ,

' $ , . 0 , , ! ! - ' $, # . ( , ( # . # !, # , ! , ! " $, , R, ! # . ' , #. ) , ( " # (. - B 1 4 5 V 7, *3= (,*3=) 4,/= 1 1. N ' $. ' + ' $ i 16.01.2003 . \ 436-IV. 2. + ' $ «< ! ! (

( ) # !» i 13.10.1992 . \ 2673-XII. 3. + ' $ «< # ! $ 0 » i 24.12.1998 . \ 356-XIV ( %/+ «!» «0 »). 88

4. + ' $ «< # ! “O ”» i 15.01.1999 . \ 402-XIV. 5. + ' $ «< # ! “* L ”» i 18.03.1999 . \ 514-XIV. 6. + ' $ «< # ! “=#”» i 03.06.1999 . \ 721-XIV. 7. + ' $ «< ( ) # ! “<( ” $ & » i 23.03.2000 . \ 1607-III. 8. + ' $ «< # ! “> ”» i 23.03.2000 . \ 1605-III. 9. + ' $ «< # ! “) $”» i 13.07.2000 . \ 1909-III. 10. + ' $ «< $ ! # ! “< *” > *» i 21.12.2000 . \ 2189-III. 11. + ' $ «< # ! “+ ”» i 22.03.2001 . \ 2322-III. 12. + ' $ «< ! » i 21.02.1992 . \ 2146-XII. 13. + ' $ «< ! 0$ ! 2001—2004 » i 07.03.2002 . \ 3076-III. 14. + ' $ «< ! + ' $ “< 0 ' $ 2005 ” " ! # ' $» i 25.03.2005 . \ 2505-IV. 15. + ' $ «< » i 30.06.1993 . \ 3348-XII. 16. + ' $ «< ! + ' $ “< ”» i 19.01.2006 . \ 3369-IV. 17. + ' $ «< R (» i 05.02.1992 . \ 2097-XII. 18. + ' $ «< ! » i 19.03.1996 . \ 93/96-%>. 19. E % ' $ «<

" , ’ ! ! ! ! ! #$ $ (! , ! % ' $)» i 03.12.2004 . \ 04-5/3180; 20. ) ' $ i 11.07.2002 . \ 92-IV. 21. ! 0$ $ ' $, ) ( ' $, $ , 0$ $ ' $ «< ! % #

" $ $ ( $) #$ ! ! #! $ !» i 02.03.2006 . \ 163/242/159/100. 89

22. ! ) !’ ' $ «< ! “& !!# $ ! ' $”» i 02.02.2005 . \ 54. 23. < <! ' $ «< $ 2002 » i 31.05.2001 . 24. < * ) ' $ «< ! ! ( ( ) # ! ! $ 2001 » i 26.08.2002 . \ 1241. 25. < * ) ' $ «< ! * ) ' $ ( # ! ! » i 26.07.2001 . \ 896. 26. < * ) ' $ «< ! L ( ) ! $ ! , ( ) # ! » i 15.05.2003 . \ 704. 27. < * ) ' $ «< ! ! $ ! ! ! » i 17.08.2002 . \ 1139. 28. < * ) ' $ «< # ! “> ”» i 27.08.2000 . \ 1344. 29. < * ) ' $ «0 !

( ) ( ) # ! ! ! $ » i 30.11.2005 . \ 1119. 30. < * ) ' $ «< ! L ( ) ! $ ! , ( ) # ! » i 05.07.1999 . \ 1199. 31. < * ) ' $ «< *

( ) # ! ' $ » i 14.03.1994 . \ 167 (% # i 25.08.2004 .). 32. < * ) ' $ «< ! ! , ! $ $ #$ ! - “* L ”» i 04.10.2000 . \ 1507. 33. < * ) ' $ «< # ! “3 *”» i 15.05.2000 . \ 796. 34. < * ) ' $ «< ! ( ( ) # ! ! $ » i 24.09.1999 . \ 1756. 35. < * ) ' $ «< <! # ! ' $ 2002—2006 » i 25.10.2002 . \ 1586. 36. < * ) ' $ «< ( ) # ! “<-( ” $ & » i 27.08.2000 . \ 1345. 90

37. < $ ' $ R =!. = ' ! <! ' $ i 14.09.2000 . \ 1072/2000. 38. < * ) ' $ «< * ) “! # ”» i 04.02.2005 . 39. >! * ) ' $ «< !

! !!# # ! ' $ 2002 » i 15.03.2002 . \ 138-. 40. >! * ) ' $ «<

< ! ! , ! #$ ! # ! “< *” > *, #$ ! $ > *, $ » i 23.05.2001 . \ 212-. 41. >! * ) ' $ «<

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1. # ! " " % . 2. = & " % . 3. E " '=' B %! & B!= ! & :. 4. B!@" & :? 5. ! :. 6. % !% %!/ &" " : > +? # % . 7. ! !@! % -' ! ( ! ('& : > +. 8. ' ' B!= ! & : > +?

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6

ТОРГОВО"ПРОМИСЛОВІ ПАЛАТИ ТА ЇХ РОЛЬ У РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ 6.1. Торговопромислові палати — рупор бізнесу. 6.2. Торговопромислові палати в Україні. 6.3. Київська торговопромислова палата.

6.1. ТОРГОВО"ПРОМИСЛОВІ ПАЛАТИ — РУПОР БІЗНЕСУ !# $ $$ ( . % : , - , ,

, , , , , ( , $ . < - . % # . L- ( . < ! ! , . ( , !!# ! , ! ! # , !!# " ! . <( — ! $ , - — ! $ ! . % # ! . < #, , L<< . $ 40 #. * !. % " ( ! !, ! # # . < ! " $ . L<< — , , 92

. S # ! $, - , . < ! , ! $ # ! $ " $ ! $. L- ' $ ! , ’ # , , ! $ ’ . L- " ! ! $ , $$ $ , ( # $, ( $ $ ( , $ , # ! , ! ! ' $, - # !’ ! $ ! $. 3 !$ -$ . < ! « " ». < # ! $, . = ! ! ( " - # ’ . % ! " ! $, ! " $ , # . = #, , # , - . 0 , ’ ! ! . O , , ! , . < , ’ ! ! , : 1) (3*&L/>)=); 2) ! ! ; 3) # ( # ((- ); 4) ( #$ !$ $ ! ! !! ; 5) # ! " #$ ; 6) ( ! #$ ( $ " - ) 93

$ $ $ EAn, ! $ ! , ! ; 7) $ ’ $ $ . ' $ ! $ L<<

! # ( . , ## , T $ " $ ! , , ! ! ! $ ! L<<. ' $ ( $, ’ ! ! ! " # , . ' 1905 . * . ! , 1912 . H (=M), ! (

- !’ ! . 10 # 1914 . < (B ) ! ) . 5 ! !# # . ) ! ( $ . % !’ ! ! $ # !, # " " , ! " ! . + 2002 . ) $ $ !’ $$ ", !: % ! . & ! &’ 1945 . ! ) , !-. " ! ! ,

. L- , , ’ ! ! ! . >! ! ! " ’ ! $ ( . % ! ! ! $ $., $$ $ #$ , ! ! , ! $ " ’ . < ! ! , ! . <, , #. < ! ( #) . L 94

, ! # . % ( # . ! # $ . <" " L<< " , # , # , N! ! , ( XIX . <" L<< # ! B $ () ). ! " !" , ! , ) . 4 . % " ! "$ L<<. L " ! $ , ! ! , . " , , # " ! . L<< ! « !». L # $ 1946 . L ! B$ #$ # . ' 1990 . < ( !. $ ! ! 100 . / ! # $ ! - . % ! # . % ! ! , #$ ! $$ . % # ! ! ! ,

! . >! $ $ - " ( . ' $ , L<< ! # , # ! " ! -$ ! . L , , B $, E ! , B>. E ! ! #$ . 95

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. L ! 3 $, R , $ H! = # $ . x " % ". H XVIII . <# ! , # ! . ) " " $, =M " % $. x " % ". %" !’ ## . = ! (! $ $ N! !. <# ’ ! # , ( , ! ". >! R , " B $, 3 $, < $, " $ ( , ! $ E $ . x " % ". % O $ 1953 . <# ! " # : ’ ! , ! — . % " . & ! ! $. x M " % ". ' ! ( * , B $, $ E $ . &! ! $ : ! # # ’ . + ! # ( $ = $ R, ! . ' ! - , $$ ! ! ! . ' $ , . %! ! - !, ! , !!# ! ! . L . , R! R, && — ) . 140 $ ’ % ( ) , "- $ ! < . * !. &#, . O ! , # $ 97

- $ «!#» ! , ’ $ !. #, ! . 6.2. ТОРГОВО"ПРОМИСЛОВІ ПАЛАТИ В УКРАЇНІ L- ' $, + ' $ «< - ' $ » 02.12.1997 . \ 671/97-%>, , ! , ! ’ # ' $, ! , $ ’ . <"# !!# ! , ! , «% % $ > ' $ «, 1998, \ 13. < ! ' ! <! ' $ «< - ' $ « 04.07.1994 . S , ! , «+ ' ! <! ' $ «, 1994, \ 3. + 2006 ., L<< ' $ : <! — = # = <(#, " !, N <! $ — O % <#, -! — H % E #, ! — < & R , -! — L" *#. L L<< ' $ ! *, # ! E . $ : 01601, *$, )=<, . % J , 33, : http://www.ucci.org.ua, . +38 (044) 272— 29—11, . (( ) +38 (044) 272—33—53. L<< ' $ : 1) ! # ; 2) ; 3) ! ; 4) ; 5) - ( ; 6) # ; 7) # ( ; 8) # !; 9) ; 10) ! ; 11) - . 98

% ' $, * = ( - , L<<. + ! $ , !# + ' $ «< - ' $ », * ) ' $ 1 1999 . «< - » ! \ 529. <, ! , «&( ' $», 1999, \ 14. $ L<< . L<< ' $ ! ! , ' $ ! ! — ' $ , ’ , ! ' $ ! , ' $ , ! . < L<< ' $ ! " ' # )-($ ' $, > ! $ , > ! ! * ) , ! - # ! ! $. L- ' $ ! ! 54 $, # - 5$ R $ 3 , T $ !, 0 $ T/= . L<< ' $ ! ! L ' $ $, 3-' $ $, 3-' $ $, 3 -' $ $, H-' $ $, ) -' $ $, = -' $ $ , < -' $ $ #$ . L<< ' $ $ H! $, ' , ## , B $ * . Q # L- 100 ! $. +

< $ $ ! $, ! !" # !’ ! ! ' $. < ( $ , <! ' $ ! ' $ # $ ! ! . L<< ! ! # #! ! ,

# ! ' $ ! ! $. 0 " , ( 99

$ , + ' $ «< » 24.021994 . \ 4002-XII ( "# «% % $ > ' $» 1994 \ 25) L<< ' $ ) ) , " ! . N )*= L<< ' $ 3. N. < # # R $ $ ) < , # % $ ( $ -S . L<< ' $ ! ! $ $ $ ' $ (R-' $). < L<< ' $ # : ! ! , $ , !. ! # , " #! ! $ , #$ ! #$ ! " # ! , ! - , , . + 1995—2000 . - ' $ ! 400 . L ! 120 ! , . #. ( ##, < , 3, L##, / $, &’ / , 3 $, N $, 1 $. +’$! L-$ ' $,

18 2000 ., & L<< ' $ - 2000— 2004 ., ! = L-$ ' $. $ < " , : x # ; x ( - $, $ # ; ! * $ ( !!# L<< ' $ " $$ ( ; x # L<< ' $ - , ’ ! ! ! ' $ $ # ! ! , " . (-P- 348 % ((%). S L<< ' $ ! ! 10 2005 . N 0 «< 100

» R $ * $ L- ' $. R3*5 # ( ( !$ R-3(-5 , ! ! UA326. 5 " R-3(-* 5 =0. R3*5 ( - $ ! ’ , $ - # ! !- $ R =!, ! : x # # , $ R , $—# R= ' $; x ! #- R= ' $; x / $ $ ; x ( , ( R= ' $; x $, , # $/, R= ' $ ; x / $ , , ; x " $ R ' $ ; x ! ! /! $ !- ; x , ! $ ! ! !, , , $, ; x " ( $ , # $ R= ' $ ; x # , , # ! ! $ , ! #- $ ! " #$ , ! $ R= ' $ ; x ! $ ' $ R=; x $ ( $ R= ( . 0 ( - $ ! $ R=, R! ' $, " ! R3*5 L<< ' $ - ( !!# , , ! " # ( . 101

= 20 , ! # ! $ , : x , ( , !- ’ $ ; x ( ( # ( ) ! , ’ ! ! , , , ! " # — ! , , , , , , ; x , , ! " # ! — , , , ! $, , ( $, ! , , " , , ; x - # , , , ! " ! , ’ ! ! , , , ! " # , . #. ! #- ; x , !- , , !, , , ; x ( ( # ! " ! " : , ! , , , , , , , , , ; x !; ! - , ! , $ ; ; , , , , $ ; x " , # ! /! , ! ! /! #! +)3, « »; x ! #- $, $, ! " #$ $ R=, R!, # R35 ' $ ; x !# '*L +/0 (N ! , ), ' $ " $. % L-$ ' $ 29 ! - # . < $ ## , ' , T $ * $ $ $ $ ! . < L<< ' $ = $ T $, ) , H , *! ( . ' 2005 . < 113 ! 55 $. 102

' < !# , # ! , "$ ! " #$ . = — - , " # !’ ! ! > B ! , ! H ) # " , " $ =0, ! & ! $ T / # = , 5$ R $ 3 , N'), , # ! " . + L<< ' $ $$ # 2004 . 1II $ - R (R), ! L-$ ' $ > R. 5 ( — # ! L<< ' $. 0 - $ — # =0 R , ’ 43 $. ' IV # ( «T! — ’$ R» 2004 ., ! L<< ' $ E L<<, ! # ( ! 18 $, ! , ! 200 $ .

# ( ! ! 120 , ! . !, VII # ( «' $ — <», 2004 . O ! # ! ' $ > <. H! # L<< ' $, * . = ! $ ( " . + L<< ' $ 16 ! ! . % ! < -' $ $ $ , $ «= #$ «' $ — T ». < # ! ' $ -L $ $ $ ( ( «L » «DCC-' $» $400 . >! ! 0 ' $ = $ $ = $ !, $ #, $ ! , $$ $ (- ! . ! $ 103

! $, ( E $ . + < $ ! # ( > 3! «L -2004», > R # ( «' $ ». ' ! $ $ -" «L » ! ! $ ( «=», $ «L», # $ «L » $ $ «% » ( "$ ! $ ) ! $. 1 # 2005 . ! ' $ <! $ L- < R * ( E . % ! *.E R 2003 . L-$ < ' $ # 2004 . > R L<< ' $. & R — " !’ ! - R= $ # R=. «< ' $ =&L ' ! $ ! R= ! R ! », — E . L<< ' $ ! ! R ! ! $ $ . '! ! ! " $ R # ! , $ ' $. <" -! L<< ' $ % O , ! # L- R $ . - < R (R) — ! , 1958 . !! ’ 41 L- <, ## $ =0. T R 2000 R " 17 ! ! ! 120 #. N ( R ! H (H ). T R ! $: — $—# R=; — # (' $, > , H , )

" $ =0); 104

— #- ( $, $, . , $ ! $ # ( ). ВИСТАВКОВА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ' " !# L ' $, , = , *# , H 5 " . ' 2004 . - ' $ ! 242 ! , # 10 — ! . L ! , «)" », «) » (+ ! L<<), «= », «* » (L<< ' $), « $» (*$ L<<) ! " , ! ' N $ ! 2004 . «<», < ! ! , ! , . >!# ! $ #! ! . > (N ). НАДАННЯ ПОСЛУГ Q < — #! ’ " — !. % ! 3 ( «% — # L<< ' $». >! L<< ' $ R ( , ! $ — # R=. + # ! R < R $ ' $ . ' 2005 . 136 . ! ! 360 . ( . 5 "

80 ' $. + # ! «L<< / ' $», ( " 105

( ! " $

( . 5 " , ! ! ! «R — ' $», ! 80% ! # . + ! > L<< ' $ 3( - # , # ( ! ( " - # ! $ . 0 5 13 ! ) ' $. ' # 4 . $ , , ( ! ( . O , L<< ' $ ) ) , # !, 3. N. < # . < $ " ! # " ( , ! $ 2003 . < ( $ «R » 2004 . — ! # . 6.3. КИЇВСЬКА ТОРГОВО"ПРОМИСЛОВА ПАЛАТА = #$ < " $ ! ! , ( , # ! ! #, !- , ( ! . = , $ L<< $ #, — !, , !# $ , # ( , ! " , . 0 L<< ! ! ( . B $ ! *$ $ -$ !# $$ , ! # 106

. & ! <, # !# ! "

!, : x !; x ; x $ # !# ; x ; x ; x ! , ! ; x !# ! ; x ! . & !# < . " ( " . < ! $, * . 0 +/0 < : i !’ ! ! , ! , ! ! , ’ ; i ! ! ! , ! , ' $ ! ; i !’ ! $ ! , ( , ! $ ; i ! ' $ ! - # ’ ! ! ; i ! $! ! $ ; i ' $ ! ! #, , , « », ( , ! , -! # $ ! ( ; i ! $ ( ! $ ; i $

! ; i ! , ! ; 107

i ( $ , ' $ . 0 , ! ! < (-!, ! . *$ - — ! , ! $ #$ ! $ $$ $ , ! ! # ( *$ . * *L<<: www.Kiev-chamber.org.ua, . +38 (044) 482–03–01; . ( : +38 (044) 482–39–66. # 4 $ & ! < , ! $ ( $ $ . 1. ,,* 4* 6, -B434, * + x &( ! . x + - , ( . x , ! «' $ », ! , # ! , $ . x , ! ! " . 2. ,,* P*6 4 , i <, ( $! ! . i % #! ! $! ' $ ! ! . i &( $! ! . 3. ,,* 6 </= * + x ! , !’ ! . x < ! +/ . x >! . x < !

(- . x '# ! ! ’ $ . 108

4. $ 8348 ! , *$ L<<, , ’ $ : i - ; i ; i ; i ; i ! ; i ; i ( !); i - # ; i ; i ! ; = ! ! , $ # ( ), # ! ( ( !). 0 # *L<< !#

( ! ! . 5 , # , # . 5. ,,* P,4 7,5 , , CERTEX & , , #. 6. 4* - / ,6*3, 3 x ! ! ! ( #$ $. x % # ( - «0 », «0 *$». x & ! ! - ( ! *L<< . x $ "$ ! ! # *L<<. 7. ,,* P,8+ / 6, ,V6 4 *,P,4 7,5 7, *, , # 5 *L<< ! : i !- ! , ! +/0, ( , , , # . i ’$ ; i ! !- . 109

8. ,,* B 1 /* * 6 \ . % #- ( ! T *L<< # . * 534,8 +-*,8 * , T *$ $ -$ # , ! ' $, ' $, ! , $ ’ . T ! *$ $ L<< ( ! ’ <. 0 # *$ $ L<< ’ $ ! ! # <, ! , # # . >! ! ! <! *$ $ L<< ! " L<< ' $. < ! " # < # # . 0 " <! $ L<< # # *L<< # # L<< ' $. T $ : x *$ $ $ L<< ' $ " , ( $ ; x *$ $ L<< L<< ' $ "# , !# $ ; x # , !-! # ,

" ! , *L<<; x ! ( ( *L<<, L<< ' $, $ %/H- ; x ! " # *$ $ L<<

L<< ' $; x # ! ! ! *$ $ L<<; x , > L<< ' $, !’$! L<<; x *L<< L<< ' $; x ! ! ! >, <! $ *$ $ -$ , !’$!, > <! $ L-$ ' $ ! $ ! , ( , $ $ L<< L<< ' $. 110

T < !’ ! : x ! ! , $ $; x ! ! ( ; x < # . T < # *$ - , " ! . ' # L- ' $. T <, # , # ! # *$ $ L<< L<< ' $. * , # *L<< , ! $ $ # . &, , # -$ , ! # $$ # $ ! ! " #$ .

1. '* -' % ' ! '!? 2. & @@" & -' % ' ? 3. J / ' &" " ) + + ' * (- @ A )? 4. B!=+ !@" -' % ' ! + !? 5. = -' % -' % ' % %? 6. ; % & % > + «A ' % ' > +» 02.12.1997 . K 671/97-#? 7. ; A ! (! > + «A '%! &" -' % ' > + « 1.04.1999 . K 529? 8. J / ' > + «A %) %= ( )» 21.02.1994 . K 4002-XII? 9. B % = , * &" $AA > +. 10. ; ( / " &" $AA > + & * + *" % + &" ? 111

7 ТОВАРНІ БІРЖІ

7.1. Класифікація товарних бірж. 7.2. Організація та діяльність товарних бірж. 7.3. Сучасна біржова діяльність в Україні.

7.1. КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ТОВАРНИХ БІРЖ 0 # . = " $. / # «byrza», !# , . + ! " , «bursa» — " , # , , , . < «borse», (! «bourse», «borsa». & «exchnge», " «commodity» «stock» ! !! , ( . + ! " , ! ’ ! ! % H, " . H ! . ) !" !# ! , ! " " . H ". % ! , " ( . H — , , , # ! #! ’ . H , ! $ ! ! , $ # . H $ " , # . % ! 112

( $ . 1 ! ! : #$ , # ( , , ; !# ! ( ; ! ! ; , # ! # ; ! ! , ( $ " ! # ; ! , # ; ( ; , , ; ! $ ; . L ! , ! . H , , !, !! , ! ! ! $ , ! . 3 , ! , , . 0

. 0 : — ( , " — # ; — ( $ ! ( !# $ ; — ( ! # !!# $ $$ . >! $ # ! $ ! , 113

! ! ! , , ! $, , ( # , , , ( , . + ! $ 3 : # ( ) ; ; ! " ( - ). ' # ! : ( (, !# $ $ , ! " $ " - ( ); ! ( $ ! ! ’ - ( ); ! ( , ( ’ ! ); " ! - ( (!# ! $ !" ). + ( # ! . % ! # " # , , ! $ ! ! . =# ! ! , ’ ! ! !

$ ( . ' , # , # # . < — # , , ! " , # ! , , #, ! , ! ". + ! ! , ! . %! ! , , . , *! ( "), E ( , N! . 114

= ! ! ! . , -S , , E . + , , !

, . + ! , . ' # ! ( : ( ( - , ); (’# ( , , ); ( ! # ); ! " , , $ ! ( ,

! , (’# ). + , - ( ' $ , ( , ). 7.2. ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ТА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ТОВАРНИХ БІРЖ % # $ ( ! ’ , ! ( . # " ( ! . H " ! $, ! $ $, ( . ' ! $ . < ! , # . = ! , ! , $$ ( . , $ # ! ! — 115

. T , ! $ ! # $ . 0 ( , , : - , , , , , ! , ( !#$, ! ( , ! # #! ! , ( , ! . 0 $ ( !!# ! -( , : , ! $ ; # ! !’ ! # ( $; ! ( ; ( , (’# ); . % ! # : ( . 0 " ( $ ( , (introducing brokers), ! ( !

. 0 — ! , ! ! . " , ,

( ' $ , !$ , #: ; ; !# ; # $ ; # ; ! ; $ ; " ! $; ( " # ; ! ! $ ( $ 116

& $ ! $ . % ! ! # . = , ! , ! . + ! # # !#. & , ! # , " 10% . 0 #$ $ ! ! : ! ! ; !# $ ! , . #. ; ( ; # ; ! " , . #. # $ , ! ; ! =, < $ , * # ; ! ( (, ! ( !, ! " " ); " $ . 0 ! ! H , H , ! # , ( : ! ! < ; ! ! ! ! ; ! ! # ; ! , ; ; ! ; ! . 0 # < , ! ! $$ . + ! ( # . L , -S (NYMEX), (’# 117

( $$ , H ! 25 , # $ #, (, , . % # T ! $ $ (=%&L) ! !, " -! 19 ! . < 30 , # ! $ . % $ H , ’ ! ( . ( , ! : ! ( ; ! ! ; ; !; ! , " ; ! "; ! ; ; ! , ! , ! ; ! ; ! ; ( . * , ( , ! # $ : ; ! #; ! $ ; ! ’ $; ! # ; #; ( ; ! ( $ !; $ !; !; ! ( $ ); ! # ; ! #; ! # - ; ! ! ; ! !’ ! ! ; 118

! ; ! . % ! # ( ( ! ) . 0 . =# , , # ! " , ! . > " ’ ! # $ . O , " , , #. = « ! !" » ! # ## , , " , , ! ! $ ( $ . * ! , ! " ! . = #! " $ ( . 5 ! ( $ . * $ ! ! , : ; ! $; ; ! ; ; ; ! ( ) . * ! # # ! ! ! , . * , , ! $ $ ! ’ Internet, $ . & ! $ ! >! ( ) . +!#, ( $ >! $ ( $) # ! ! , 119

, !!# ( $ !. 0 " , ! $ ! ! ( ! $. ' " ! , — . = . & # ( $ , $ . & ! ( , , ! ! , ’ ! : (-( ! ; -( ! ! . H $ [ . notarius — #, ] # ! $ ! ! , ! ! " $ . + (! , , , ) !", ! . ! # . * !

# . ! , # $ , ! $ ! ! . ; % + () ! ( ! $ ! ! $, ! ), $$ # ( !# , !#

. ! $ ! # ( #). <" ! , , # ! $ ! ,

. < $ ! ! . % ! ! ! # # . "

(# , ! 120

) " # !# , . & $ ! ( ) ! $ !. ' =M ! , " $ — # . ' ! $ ( ), ! . & $ ( , , ( !" ( $). % , 60 . O , $ #$ #: " " — 6 . ' # , $ # : ; ! ; ( ! ). % ! : ! ( ! $ ! # ! ); (- ( . forvard — ), # ; # (’# ( . future — ) ; ( . ptio — ), # (’# , !’ ! . <" , ! , ! ! «» ( . spot — ). & # ! $ , , ! «», (- . L $ ! " $ ( : , , , ( . * , !# $ # !

#! !’ ! #. Q , (’# . L (’# " # 1925 . T ! !# " , " 121

! $. B’# — $ ! , # # $ $ !# $ ! . ' (’# ! " # ; " ! , # . > ! (’# . & : ’ !’ ! # (’# , ! ! . 5 !’ ! # !# # ( ! !! . % # !# ( ). ' ! ! , , ! , ! . % ! : ( ), ( (’# , ( # ! ), ( (’# . * , ! ! — . Q , , ’ ! " — , . 3" " , . L, ’ ' $, ! " , $ ! . # ! ' $ (1991—1993 .) , $ , — !# ! , . >! # ! , , " ! ! " (’# . #! # , . ' ! , # , !# , 122

! , ! . ' $ ! . 3 ! . " ! ! # (! # — ). 3" ! ! ( , , , ! # ’ ! ! # # . "

— ". = ( (") #, # ! ((). 5 , ! !!# # ! . L ! , ! ! $. % ! ! (! , , " , , , ( ( , ). ' ! , ! ( : ! , . + $ " () ! ( . L , ! . 5

"$ $, ! , " -# 20—30% $,

! ( . + $ $ " ! , . % ! ! ( , # ! !# ! . B - ! ! ! ! # $ $ . < !, , ! !# ! . 3! ! " # , ! # " . + !’ : $ , ! . + ( ! " ( " ( $ 123

. + # ! $ , ' $ ( ! . > ( ! ! " ! , ! $ ! . ' ! ! — , # " , !!# $ $ !’ !. + !!# ,

. L ! ! ! ! ! ! . ' ! — , ! $ ! ! ( ) ! !’ ! ! , . ' ! ! $$ ! , !" ! , . * " , !’ ! ! , ( , , ! . >! ! ! . 1. < ! . ' — $ ! , ! " $ ! # ! . ' ! ! , $ ( # ), — ! ! . % ! ! , , , ! " ! " . < , " ! . O ! " # ! " ,

$ " (" ) " # (! , $ " ). ' ! , # , # ! # ! " # , ! 124

. <! ! : # , # ! ;

! " # , # , # ! ", ", ! $. < , ! , . ' " # . ' — ! ! " ! $, ! !" # $. & $ ! ! ( ( $ $), — . ' ! ! ! ! . ' ! ! , ! $$ , ! : , . 2. < ! — , $ ! ! , ( ! ) . & $ ! " # ! , ! $ # ". 5 # . ' ! $ $

! " , , !" ! $ $. = ! — , ! , ( ! " # $ . + , # ( , ! , # $, , " ( , — $$ . * ! — , ! (! "$ ) ! " - ! , , ! ! ! , # . 125

* ! : ! ! . % $ ! , - ! . * , " , ’ , " ’ ! () , , , #

" ! , . 7.3. СУЧАСНА БІРЖОВА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В УКРАЇНІ % ' $ , ! . J ! ( # ' $ ! # #, ! . < , ! ! ! . + # , . 3! «», " ! : , ; ((’#) — ' $ ! . > (( , (’# , ) ! $ , ! ! , ( $ ! , $, !" ( ! . H! ! , ( !, ! # . <" ! (’# 1000 , 1000 , 5 ' $ # ! # "$ (. & ! , ! ! 0 ! ( , # ((’#) ' $ . 126

H !’ ! ' $, # " (- #). R$ $

(’# ( ) . * ! $ # : ' $ ('H), /# — ! ! #$ # . = ! ' $ #! ( , . ! , ! $ ! ( " #. O , 20% ' $ ! . % ! $ . 0 ! ( , # . 3 # ! ' $ ! , . 0 ! (! ($), ( , # , ' $ (H'). H ' $ ! , # !!# — ! . > 40%. 5 (# — $20 000), ! !!# , , # $ , , , , ! . L ' $ ! . % ' $ # ! $ $ . <# ! ' $ . <"

# $ !. ! : " (), # , ! ; ((’#) " . = , , ! , — , " . H! !# " $ ! ! ! . 127

* , , , $, - — , # ! . 0 !" !" ", ! # ! . ", " — ' $ , !# ! , !" . 0 ! # , # " . . = , ' $ $, ( # ! ( ! , #! ! , $ # !" . % ' $ ,

. < (’# ( ) ( . 0 # — ! . / # !

( . # 5 . & 5 , 2003 ., ! $ ! ( , (’#, , ! $

. + ' $ !# . ' ! $ ($ !. % — ! (+ ' $ «< », " — (+ ' $ «< ( »). & ! # !# ! , # !!# #$ $ !$ $ . ! , (’# , ( (’# . !# , ’ ! ! ! , - , , ( -#, " , !!# , , . + " , " , " ! 128

, ! , !!# ! . L # ! $ ' $ — , ! - $. 3! ! . L "" ! ! ! , , . T # ! $ $ ' $ , # . L , ( #, ( (’#). % ' $ , !. 0 # $ ! $ ! . & : , $ , . H , ! ’$ ! ! " , ! . !’ (( (

. H !, 11 ., #, $$ — , !$, , ! , ! , . L, !## ! ' $ , # # , , !# ! ! ! " # , $ ! . 0 $ $ # ! $ ! $ ! . ' $ ! $ ’ ! !!# ! # !, ! ’ , # # . % ' $ $ 90- ! $ . < 10 1991 . + ' $ «< 129

», !# $ $. % , # $ . + ' $ «< » !

! . L ( ! $$ . + ! ! + , $ ! ’ # ( !# , ! # ! . + !# $ , # , ! ( ) # , !!# ’ ! $ . + $ ! "

! , !# $$ , ! , $ ’ ! , ! , # . + «< » ! $, ! - # . < ! #- ! , " ! . < ! # ! , , ! . % ( * ) ' $ «< ! $ » 27 1995 . \ 916. < # ! (

! # ! $ , " . ( $ 1996 . 0$ $ ! ! $ . 5 * * ) ' $ «< ! $ » 11 1996 . \ 425. % # ! ! $

! $, 1 1996 ., 130

! ' $. + $ 23 " ' $ !# ! ( $ !, !" ! ( . * ) ' $ !’ ! ! , ( . + «< ! $ - # » 19 1999 . \ 1928, , !

$ $ , $ ! ! ! !, - # , ! " , ! " #! ! " . % ( $ $ ( # ! , $ ! . L , ' $ $ ( — 458, !# $ # . < " , !# ( , « », # " ! $ . L « -( », , , ! , !# #$ $ $ $ , ! . . L !# ! ! ! « », ' $ , ( $. T! !$ ($ ( ! ! # ) ! ! $ ( , ’ . H " (’# , !!# # ! , ( ( , 131

! . < ! $ ! !!# ! ( , ! , ( -! . % ( ' $

! (’# : # # (! ! $ — ( .

1. J () ? 2. ) " P !! () ? 3. / ! () !'% ! ) () ? 4. () ' % ! %. 5. J ()? 6. B =& () % %. 7. / !' & ()? 8. Q!=+ () . 9. R (). 10. R) ! &% %. 11. Q’@ . 12. '= . 13. ( *. 14. () + &" > +. 15. A (% () + &" > +.

132

8

ТРАНСПОРТНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗОВ" НІШНЬО"ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ 8.1. Роль транспорту в зовнішньоекономічній діяльності. 8.2. Основні види транспортних перевезень. 8.3. Базисні умови поставок товарів. Інкотермс. 8.4. Міжнародні транспортні коридори. 8.5. Конвенції та угоди про міжнародні перевезення. 8.6. Україна в системі міжнародних транспортних перевезень.

8.1. РОЛЬ ТРАНСПОРТУ

В ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

+ " # ! ’ ! ! !!# , ! ! $ $ . + ! !# ! $ # , ! ( $ — ! ! $ . < !!# ! , ! ! $ , ’ $, ’ ! ! $. + - $ ! "$ $ ( . + ! . &, ! #. < ( , # # $ ( ), ( ) $ $ $ # . % . < , ! : — # , ! $ ! " !!#133

, . < , $ ! # , , ; — ( , , ! ! . >! ! ! ! $ . L ! , ! ! $ ; — . + , ! , ! " # !’ ! , ! — $ $, # ; — , ! ( +/0, ( , ! ! $ . 5 , (, ! , , , $ ! ; ; # ! " # ; # # ! " . 0 ! # ! . < ! # . % # " ! $, !’ ! ! , , # , ! !# . L ! ! " #$ " , . S ( !!# !’ ! ! -, ( ! "$ . <" # , #! . L !!# ! " #$ ’ . T , ( ! ! $, (), - ! , 134

, $ , . L ! ! ! ! , ! ! . + , ! , ( , # ), ! (! !#, , ) . " ( ! . 80% $ . = ! , . 3. $ (=& 3 #'N% )"'& $#$'& #> &

% #

% #

034, 16 (passenger services)

<, ’ ! ! ! ! ( / ) ! ! ! ! -! ( / )

<! ! -! $ $ ( # $! )

0, 16 (freight services)

' ! ( ) ( ) ,

! ! !# . < ! ! / ! , !

+ / ! , ! ! ( # )

,14 1 4, 0 (charters of carriers with crew)

< ! ! ! ( / ) ! ! ( / ) , , ! # !

& ! ! ( #

" !-); ( !

135

& (. 3 &

% #

% #

* + ,1 1 B1/6 ,0, * + (supporting and auxiliary services)

<, : (! / !

), ! , / ! , , , ,

;

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( # ); ! !, #

( #

! )

+ !# !. % ( ! : — ( ); — (, , ! ! "); — (! , , , ! ); — # ( ); — ( ! ); — - #$ ( , , , .); — # ( , ! ). ' # ! ! : 1) ! " ; 2) !’ $$ ! $; 3) $ !" . 0 "$ ! " !, ! ’ , ( ! , !# ( , ! -. 0 # , ! , ( ,

( , ( $ $ $ ! $ (L) ! " #$ (+/0), ! ! ! , ( (, , , , (

. 136

0 $ $, ’ ! ! " # # , , ’ ! , " $ . L $ ! ! : , " , , # . % $, ! . ' , !# # ! . ) ! ! ! $, ( # , , , ), (! !# , , # , )

! ( # , , ! !# $, $, ),

$. 8.2. ОСНОВНІ ВИДИ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ + ! — ) ' ) ", ! " — ! '!, ( # ) ' &, ! ! — , % (", !( ' , !) , ’@ . >! ! (!* '&, — ( ) '&) %) '&. 348 . ) — "

’ # $ $ , ’ ! # . H! ( . ) !!#, ! ! , 70—90% (! 5 ) ! , , !# . < !# , " . % " ! !# . < " $ . * ! 137

! . % ! ! !" ! # . !# , ! ! ! ". 5 ! ! $ $ ( ,

" . L ! $ # 8—10 . . ( ) — $ $. >! ! ( ) — ! ! % ( ) — ! . % # B % =+ '" — %' . < %' %! ( tramp — ) ! ! . L ! , ! , ! # ! ,

, ! ( . L : , , , !, ( " , ! # . H " . L #, , # . 5 ! ( $ . S ! ' — ( , !!# ! ! !! " ! . L, ! ! ! -! # !# . =# # . ' 1974 . && ! * ( . ' # $ ( $ (. = ( ! # ’ . 0 : , ! , , ! , " $ 138

. & !# ( ! , ( ! . E ! $ $ $ # . L $ ! ! . % ! $ $ , ! # ! ! . % # ! . + ’ ! !# . ,/48 . + " " 550 . . + " " > (115 . ), — * (110), — =M (41), # — H! (31). 0 %, 3 , < , H", +$, B , B>, , B . < " " ( " . > ! !# ! # ! . < $ ! ! : =M, *, > , B>, *, , B , H . O , — " # ! $. < ! # ! $ ". (52%), B> (25%) H $ (17%); =M 10%, > $ — 5,5%. < ! $, " # (O , ) , *) ! (% , 3 ). % , # , # # ()>H), , ! &&, 214. 0 $ # # . 3! 214 )>H 155 $, 36 — $, " 25 ! # $. L , >, ! +! !" $, , *, — ’ $, 0 — . , 68 . + ! " " . < !# ! , $ ! 139

(> , =M, *, * ). & $ =M (1/2 ! 1/3 ! ), > $, O $, % $, B $, B>, $, *, = . ) ( . N( !# !# , ! . % ! # ! 1 . . " ! . 4. $ (=& 4 @A $' # $

T (&’1) 0 E- E (1 ) L (1) -S ( . * ) =-B 0 B (--) < (& ) ) -S (E-N ) N H 0 &

<! ! ,

60 58 45 43 40 37 30 30 28 26 24 23 23 23 23 22 22

<! ! ,

E (N ) < ( . M. N ) B =-E$ = L ) L ( ) N < & E-% > (B # ) (M ) 1 %" (") =

21 21 21 20 20 20 19 17 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15

+ . 4 , ! 34 " ! ! =M, 8 — R , " O $, * , = , N . % !#, " " : , ) $ ’ , -S , < , E L — . L #, E, , # 60 , < — 45 . & ! : 1) R < # ; 2) R < ; 140

3) R H! = ; 4) R < , < -= = ! , ; 5) R ( ; 6) =M < < -= ! ; 7) =M < ; 8) =M . " R < # # ! 30— 35 . " $ — «<- » «0» (=M), «0» (O $), «H " /!» (% ), «/ B «(B ), «E(!» (B>), «= /!» (= ), «(» (> ). ' $ " !’ , " ( «/ P » (« $ ' $») «/ P 3"» («) $ ' $») $ . *,1/8 . + !# !"

" ! $, ! . L !# . < ! ! ! , #! ! " $. R ! ! " < # " # + $ R ( ## $ = $ R). *" $ =>=> ! !. =# ! ! ! - ! . % ! ( ( , # $, # , # .). < # , = R ! " ! ! ! ! . ' ! =M, *, > . + O , *, 3 , > =M. % 2006 . " ! ! L (*). % 5 . . $ 2 . . B,*38 . % . 9/10 $

1/4 $. — ! 141

!# . % ! 4/5 , # , !!# 8,3% ! . % ! !# # ! !# , " # ". < , , , !. + " 24 , # 20 — ! . ' 1 . " $ =M + R . 8.3. БАЗИСНІ УМОВИ ПОСТАВОК ТОВАРІВ. ІНКОТЕРМС ) ! ! ( !% ' , " ( ! " . H! ! " - ! , ! ! , # # ( " ) , # . H! !#: ! # !!# $ $ , , ! , ! , # , ; !, !# ’ ! ! # ! ! , # ! , # ! $; , ’ ! ! ; ’ ! ( $ $ # $ ; ; ! , ’ ! ! ! $ # " , , !’ ! ! . 142

H! ! , ! ! " !, . & ! . =! ! ! ) , "- $ ! < . & ! " 2000 . ! «) # 3*&L/>)=» (International Commercial Terms) ! «< " -2000» (INCOTERMS-2000). ) 3 !!# ! # " " ! ! "$ . L #, ! , " -", !# !# !$ $ ! $ . # " , , ! ! $ . 5 # ! , ## ( # . 0 " ) " 1936 . ! # !# . 5 «3 1936». < ! " ! 1953, 1967, 1976, 1980, 1990 2000 #$ $ . = , ( $ 3 , ’ ! ! ’ ! - ( ! « », ## « », ’ !!# ). # " ! 3 . R , < " " ! , -. 0 , ’ ! , # . O ! ) , 3 " ! " -, " , " . 143

3 ! !# , #! : #, . < 3 # # # " . ' , 3 #, , , !. & # 3 $ #$ $ . L , 3 1990 . ,

’ ! , ! ! ! , !# ! ! $ ". !!#, ! 3 ! " $ # ! . <! ' $ 4 1994 . ' ! «< ! ) $ ». < ' ! ! 3 $ 2000 . . + ! , # # 3 , !!#, , # 3 -, ! ! # # # 3 . % !# «( » ( (. franco) « ». % !#, ! , !# «( ». ' !# !$ ! ! ( # . 5 # , ! !# $, , , , , # , , , , !- $, ’ . % 3 1990 . " !

! # $, ! ! ! : ## ! , ! ! " $ («/» — — EX WORKS); , $ !’ ! ! , !# («F» — — FCA, FAS FOB); «=» — , 144

! , # ! " , (CFR, CIF, =>L =1>); , " , «D»- , ! ! , $ !# (DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU DDP). ' . 5 ( . $ (=& 5 $', ! " $#-2000 N

*

'

«/» ( )

EXW (ex works)

B -! (...! )

«F» ( !

#)

FCA (free carrier) FAS (free alongside ship) FOB (free on board)

B - ! (...! ) B ! (...! ) B - (...! )

«C» ( !

#)

CFR (cost and freight) CIF (cost, insurance and freight) CPT (carriage paid to) CIP (carriage and insurance paid to)

% ( (...! !# ) % , ( (...! !# ) B /! # (...! !# ) B /!

# (...! !# )

«D» ( )

DAF (delivered at frontier) DES (delivered ex ship) DEQ (delivered ex quay) DDU (delivered duty unpaid) DDP (delivered duty paid)

< (...! ) < ! (...! !# ) < ! (...! !# ) < ! (...! !# ) < ! (...! !# )

0 , 3 1990, ’ ! ! , ! . 145

8.4. МІЖНАРОДНІ ТРАНСПОРТНІ КОРИДОРИ

3 ()L*) . " , " , !# $ !, # . )L* ! !" . 5, -", " " . ' )L* ! " $ . % ! " # ( , ! !# $), - (L=*) ! ( , ! !# $, ), $ $ ( ( ’$! " , , ! ( ). >!" ! . 3 $ ! ()L*), #! ! ! . )L* !!# !# ! ( # ; # $ , . % )L* , ! !#, , ! ! ! ! " , . & )L* ! ( $ ( , , , ! ( , ! , !!# ! ! $ ! . = )L* # " !#

. 5 ! , )L* ( # , , " ( ; ! (! 25—50%) 146

( ! , # , , " ( , ! ! !, , ! ; , ’ ! ; !, !!# ! ! ! !! . E" ! !!# ! ! " . ' ! 1994 . R =! * (N ) 2- + ( 23 . ! " " ’ )L*. < ! « » ! $ ! . +!# ! !# # : 1-: " — * — " — ; 2-: R — * — " — ; 3-: R — — S" — +; 4-: A — R! '* — R! — B& — !' — %(!; 5-: $/ — S@(& — R! '* (R ) — S"; 6-: " — * — ; 7-: ( ' ! @) " — R — R! '* — R/ — # — % + — > "-! "; 8-: $ — B& — R! — ; 9-: " — -A(! — " — — + — (*) % — !' . ' 1997 . N # L$ ! $ ( $ ! " . * , R ( - # N! = E ) * ) . R ! , , #! (RL*) !’ ! (! ), " ! — % " " ( # #! ' $, — #! L##) L . + ! 1990- R= ! $ $ ! (147

# R! , : TRACECA (R — * ! — ! ), H — T (N / N — & — 3 # ! =), R — ! (#! ' $, > , *! , *) T . * ! ! , ( $ N , ! ( $ O $ (. $, 2003 .), 9 ! $. L R # ! R! $ - #$ . + — <) (! -< #- $ ), N ( # 2010 .), =! , ( $ & $ *, ! ! ! < $ ( #! R! < . < , $ R= (, ! ! " , , # (E/<), . N ! >, , >. & ! " )L*,

!’ $, , < — H — %" — ) — ) . * R= ! " $ E — < (#! *$). %!# * N )L* (! !#, , ). &# ! # ! ! , # ! # R ! (( 500 ). &, ( $ $ $ !!# " !#

R . 148

8.5. КОНВЕНЦІЇ ТА УГОДИ

ПРО МІЖНАРОДНІ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕННЯ

0, ! !" $ # , ! ! ( ! , ! # . % ! ! ! , ! « $». % ! ! $. ' " , ! # . + ! , — !

( ! ) — !’ ! !# , " — () — !’ ! ! ! . >" !

, ! !"( !!# !’ ! . L $ !# !, — ( , ! ! . " ! : ( ! !# , #) ( # #, !). ,0 34 . & , !# ! # ! , H * ( 1924 . (N! ). H 1968 . ! . % " # H $ # 70 . & N! ! ! . + H $ $ 1924 . ! ! $, , ! , 1978 . && 149

! , N! . ) ! # ) ( , ! 1961 . % 1987 . # ! , $ , ! #$ (( ). 0 ' $ * # " ! 9 1995 . ,0 ,/4 . * , ’ ! ! ! ! . 0,

, ! # # $. '# "$ ! — ! ! # 0 1955 . — H $, ', > $, =>=> T ##. ' 1966 . $ # P $, 1968 . — $ B>. 1978 . ) $ ! ! # 0. ' 1979 . (. ,0 , 6 . 0 ( $ , !, %" 1929 . " : N! 1955 ., N 1971 . ) 1975 . ' # " $ . %" ! # . < ! (# ) ! N $ ( $ ( , ! 1961 . ,0 1 *,1/ . & ! ! ! ! $ $ ! !# (Railway Bill). % ( $ ! , ! # ! . 5 ! . & ! !# # , ! " $, , ! . .,

150

! !# ! ! ! $ , !

! $ ! ( ! !#$ $. " ! !# ! H $ ! ()%*) ! ()<*), " 131 . $. % " ! . % " # * ! !# ! $ 1980 . (*&L3B), ’ . R $ *&L3B, # $ 33 ( " $ R, $ ! $ < #$ ( ). *&L3B ! . L , ! # # (400 ! $ " , 300 $ " ). 1# =>=> # *&L3B, $$ , $ " # ! " ! " $ + $ R ! $ ' $. ,0 B,*3 . & ! (Road Way Bill), ( $ ! , ! # ! ! . 5 # * ! (*0<%) !

!# , , , 1961 1968 . '# " $. + # $ 1959 . ) ! ! ! ()0<, * )0<). ' 1975 . $$ . * # ' $ ! 8 1982 . + , ! , ! ! # (. 3. 3. 0 «) » (2004 .). 151

8.6. УКРАЇНА В СИСТЕМІ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ

* ! - (L0*) ' $ 2020 . ( — * ) ! < <! ' $ % $ > ' $: «' $: 111 », «= # ! 2000—2004 », «< " ! " ' $ 2000 », «< $ 2002 ». ' * $ !# " !’ ! " ! $ ! , # ! !, , ! , ! $ $ L0* ' $ $ $ . # ' $ !!# ! , !. % ! -$ ! ! L0* ! " !" # ! , " $ , !!# ! , ! " !’

. ' $ $ ! $ ! ! , ! #! , !! # ! . & , !!# !# ! , : — ( , $ # ; — ! !$ $ ! $ ( ; — #

' $ $$ ! ' $; — $ ’ ! ! #, , ; 152

— ! (! $ ( $ ! $ ! " ! ; — ( ( - # ! , ! ; — ! $ ! ( , , " , ! . < " # !# $ ! , , ( ( $$ #$ $ (, !# !!#

. % "$ ! ! " # !’ ! , ! $ # ' $ !$ . ' !# ! ! - , # - # ! , ! ! , ,

!!# ! - " ! , #! , ! $, $ . 0 !!# ! " !’ ! $, ! ! ! #! , $ $ L0* ' $ : — ! ' $ ' $ R= ( ; — ! ' $ =0; — !" ! ! ! $ ! , # ; — ! ! $ ! " ; — ! ' $ ! $ - #$ ’ ; 153

— ( - ! #! ' $ ! - ; — ! , # , # # ! $ #! ; — !# ( ! ! $ # $ . % ! ! $ ( ! !# , ! < ( $ ' $ . 0 ' $ )L* " " , !# ! - # ! $ $ " 80—130 . = #$ $ ( ! !!# # , # $ . < ! $ 15—20 < ! , " ! ! , " ! $ " (! ! , ). ' $ # : i U " M ' — + E; i A M ' , R" , B — + E; i &, R — R" , &, U " &; i A M ' — & &, , . L ' $ : ] 3 A*, ("1) — 7* — 3, — 5 ( ##, <, ' $). 60, 3 1640 , # ' $ : ! !# — 694 , — 611,7 . !! \3 1996 . ' $, ## < . 154

x ] 5 $,\ — , ), ' $). < 1600 , # $ ' $ — 70 . 0 1996 ., !’ ! ! P $, ! ! . % 2001 . ) !! \ 7 (0 ). x ] 9 >*3,4, — # 4 - B + — , B34 — 5 (4 ) — (2,) — *, — A = — *4 *, (B , > , ' $, H , ), > , N ). < 3400 , # ' $ : ! !# — 1496 , — 996,1 ( # — 152,4 242,4 ). ) !! ! * \ 9 1995 . x > 34 — (A * ,834 — ) (<, ' $). L N -& !# ' $ < . < 1816 , # ' $ : ! !# — 918 , — 1208,4 ( # — 247,1 ). x ( — 4 1 — 1,6 ($#) (!, H , % , N! , *! , *!, ), > , L##, L , '! , ' $). L R — * ! — ! (TRACECA) $ Tacis. 7—8 1998 . H ( «% # M " ». 0 $, # ' $, «& ! R-* !-! » L # $. 5 — ! ! !, ## ! ! , ! $ . & ! # , !’ ' $ N! . + 1999 . ! !# 155

3 # — < (H ), ! # ' $. 5 $ N! , ' $ H ! !# # $ < —3 # —%. = R — * ! — ! R — ! ( ##, 3 , , T , =##, ', <, ' $, > , *! , $ =$ ! $ *). * ! # !’ ! $ R ! $ ! !#. *( $ ) $ * $ TRACECA 2001 . " TRACECA ' $ 3 # O " )L* N —&. % # !’ ! ' $ ! $ R ! $ ! $ ! ! #! , ' ' $ * ' $ 20 ! 1998 . \ 346 ! < ( $ ' $ ,

# ! , ! 2007 ., ! . % # - ! !# , !!# $ ( , ($ , ! $ ,

#! , ! , ! ! $ )L*. ,0 , + 47,5. " ' $ # ! , R *( ) (R*)L), ) ! (3)&), ) ! $ $ $ (3*&), R ( $ $ (R*5), * ! " R $ #$ $ &&, 0 * $ . ) ' $ ! ! , . 156

*,1/8 . >( ! !# ' $ ! * < ! $ ! ! !# , ! ! # ! ' $ 0 R \ 91/440 2001/12/R=. ' # 2003 . ' $ * $ ! !# ! (*&L3B), ! 2004 . ' $ # ) $ & ! $ ! ! ! !# (&L3B). < !" R= ' $ ! . + , ! ! $, ! *&L3B/53) (41 $, # ) $ ! $ ! !# !); ! , — $ — # & ! $ = ! ! (&=+), ! =)N= (=" ! ! , 23 $). + ! ", ! *&L3B =)N=, ) !’ ! # * ! !# (53L) * & ! $ ! ! (&=+) ( $ $ $ 53)/=)N=. >! " $ $, ’ ( 53) =)N= && ! $ 53)/=)N=. 16 2005 . % > ' $ + ' $ \ 3091-IV «< ' $ < 3 # 1999 , ! * $ ! !# ! (*&L3B) 9 1980 ». B,*38 . = # 2006 . ' $ 44 ! $ R=, =0 H! = ! !

( ). 7 2005 . % > ' $ + ' $ \ 2819-IV «< ' $ R $ ! , ! (R'L>)» # !!# ! , ! # 2004 . 157

" $ ’ ! !

! — ! ( , # # ( $. * , ' 3 ! ; ' ! , " , !,

!# !; * $ && ! ! " ! 24.05.1980 .; * $ ! 19.05 1956 .; $; # ' $ ' R $ #$ $ && «< # # ! ! !

», ' $ 13 1997 . . % . 348 . 0 $ ! ' $ ,

" $ , ) $ $ ! $ (3)&). + 39 ! " , ' $ ( R). >! + ' $ «< ' $ R $ " " " !# 1996 .». % # !" ' $ R $ ! !# " " (%&<&N). ’614 ,P 1 7,6. & - ! ! 66 «<" !’ ! !’ ! » 74 «3( !’ ! » ' ' $ R=, ! — ) !! N 0 ! 3( R $ * $ 0 !’ ! ' $ ! 3( (14.09.2000, . <). = $ $ ! !’ ! ' $ ! " $ ' $ .

158

,0 , 47,5 + * 1, B,*3+ 1 *,1/+ , < 64= \ 4 5 % R $ / #$ * $ &&: 1. R (')), 1975 . 2. R ! !# $ (')+E), 1985 . 3. R $ ! ('E*<), 1991 . 4. * , 1968 . 5. * ! , 1968 . 6. 0 * $ 1968 1971 . 7. 0 * $ 1968 ! 1971 . 8. < ! * $ 1968 ! 1973 . 9. ' # ! 1958 . 10. * !

(*<<), 1973 . 11. * )0<, 1975 . 12. ) , 1972 . 13. * ! , 1982 . 14. ' ! !# (0&<%), 1957 . 15. R ' ! , ! (R'L>), + ' $ \ 1077 7 2005 . 16. * ! !# ! (*&L3B), 16 2005 . 159

R ,0 , + + * 1, 34+ ,23+ + , < 64= \ 4 5 1. * ) $ ! $ \ 16 «< ’ ! # , ! » 25.10.1921 . 2. * ) $ ! $ \ 23 «< » 23.06.1926 . 3. * ) $ ! $ \ 27 «< !!#

, $ ! » 21.06.1929 . 4. * ) $ ! $ \ 32 «< ! , ! ! » 27.04.1932 . 5. * ) $ ! $ \ 58 «< $ » 24.10.1936 . 6. * ) $ ! $ \ 69 «< # ( » 27.06.1946 .; 7. * ) $ ! $ \ 73 «< # » 29.06.1946 . 8. * ) ! (3)&) 06.03.1948 . 9. * 0$ 18.08.1948 ., 0 26.26.03.1998 . 10. * ) $ ! $ \ 92 «<

» 08.06.1949 . 11. * 29.04.1958 . 12. * ! 29.04.1958 . 13. * "( 29.04.1958 . 14. * ) $ ! $ \ 108 «< # » 13.05.1958 . 15. * " (FAL) 06.04.1965 . 16. * ! " 08.06.1965 . 17. * (LL) 05.04.1966 . 18. * (TONNAGE) 23.06.1969 . 19. * # , ! ! ( (INTERVENTION) 29.11.1969 . 20. * ! " ! ( (CLC) 29.11.1969, < 19.11.1976 ., < 27.11.1992 . 21. * ) $ ! $ \ 133 «< » 30.10.1970 . 160

22. * ! ! (COLREG) 20.10.1972 . 23. * !# (CSC) 02.12.1972 . 24. * ! " (LC) 29.12.1972 . 25. * ! ! (MARPOL) 02.11.1973 ., < 17.02.1978 ., 0 3, 0 33, 0 333, 0 IV, 0 V. 26. * ! (SOLAS) 01.11.1974 ., < 17.02.1978 ., < 11.11.1988 . 27. ( ! $ (PAL) 13.12.1974 ., < 19.11.1976 . 28. * ) ! !’ ! (INMARSATC) 03.09.1976 . 29. / * $ ) ! !’ ! (INMARSAT&) 03.09.1976 . 30. * ) $ ! $ \ 147 «< » 29.10.1976 . 31. *

(STCW) 1978/1995 . 32. * " (SAR) 27.04.1979 . 33. < $ ) $ ! $ !’ ! 01.12.1981 . 34. * && ! (UNCLOS) 10.12.1982 . 35. * ! ! , ! (SUA) 10.03.1988 ., < 10.03.1988 . 36. R " $ ! ’ (AGTS) 01.02.1991 . 37. * ! 06.05.1993 . 38. ' # 13 * $ && ! 31.07.1994 . 39. ' # ! " T 27.11.1998 .

161

1. # " ' ! *" % &" . 2. ! ' '". 3. J ( !% ' ? 4. > %! ' & / % % ? 5. # ! " %) ' . 6. ' ' ! %) ' > +? 7. % =&% ! % !@/" & &" " %) % " ' !? 8. % =&% ! % !@/" & &" " %) ' !? 9. % =&% ! % !@/" & &" " %) ' !? 10. % =&% ! % !@/" & &" " %) % (" ' !? 11. % =&% ! % !@/" & &" " %) ' & ' !? 12. % = % / > + % %) ' '"?

162

9 КЕЙТРИНГ

9.1. Сутність кейтрингу та його види. 9.2. Кейтрингові послуги в Україні. 9.3. Кейтрингова діяльність за кордоном.

9.1. СУТНІСТЬ КЕЙТРИНГУ ТА ЙОГО ВИДИ = «atering» ( , ) !# $! , ! . 5 ( «to ater» — !!#, , ! #$- , . 3" , — # , ( ( - $ # ! $$ ! ! , , ! ! . % ! ’ ! ! . T # !

( — ), ( ! ! . E !!

. = , - !. & ! !’ ! ( — , ! , ' $ !’ ! . *

( ! ! ( ! !" !’ ! . * # , ! . + , ( «Royal Catering Service», ! " ' $ , " , (", - , , ( $, , ! $, , $, . L , ! $ $ ' $ ! ( . % ! , ' $ - =M, B $, ##. B 163

(, ( $ ! . L ( . B ! < , T $ > $ $ , $ $ $ $ . 3( " - " ! # « », «("». ) ! " Royal catering service com.ua. = , ! , ! , ! , # !. ' — # , " # ! ! # ! . 3 " , # " # " . < ! ! , ! $ $ . > ! ! $ !" . 0 ! . L ! , ! " #. H " # - #, # $ , !# # ! $ . 0 " # , !, !’ ! , # ( . 0 ! # , " , , . 3 ! " ( . 0 ! ! $! # , , $ , ! ’ ! . % " " $ $$ . *- $: . <" , # , , , , #. & ! . T 164

, (! $ . 3 ( ) # !!# ! " ! : , , . * , " ! , !# " . H " " " ! $ # . & # - , !" , ! . 3 , , ( — ! . = $! , ! , . + ! . % # - " , , " ! . O , # ! , " $ " !!# , !" # -. & ! ! $ . % ! !# !# # . & " ! . ) # ! ,

, $ " - !.

# ( , # ! , , ! , ! ! # . < !. L ! ! " ! . L " ! , ! , , , ! . 0 ! ! # . * # !# # , # " . L #, # , - $ 165

: ! # . <# ! . % # ! ! ! ! - . # «’ # ». = !!#, ! " , " , ,

$ , " # . *- ! ( # ! #$ $), # ! # , ! " , " # . ' ", $ ", , , . %, ’ , ". % " # ", ! , $ , ! !. L ! # , ! ! # . + ",

! , ! !" . * ! , ", # -: ; ; # "$ $; ! # ; ! # ; ! , !; ; ( , ( , ; ! ; ( ; # ! ; " ; !; ( $ $. & — ( $ $ — ( $! # , 166

, . * !’ # ! # , " # ! . 3" " . < ! ( , # ! $! , ! ! . 0 !" ! . %#! !. ) # !

. = , $ " . + ! , # 5—10 , #, # ! , ! . L " !, #, , # ! ! # ! ! . E" !# # " ! . ' ( ". % ! # , . % # , #, $ , ! , . T! , ! # $$ !!#. < $, . 3 ( : ) # ! !; ) # ! ! ’ , ; ) # # ( # ! . <" " #, $ ! ! !. < # ! , ! ! " . % # ! , ! # ! $ # #! " . ' 167

! . H " ( , ( , ! , # ! . < # $! # ! ! "$ , $ , ! , . L

! . ) # # , " , # . L " #. H ! - ! $ $ " . ! ! # " . + ! ! , " ! " $ , !# , — ! , ! . 0 ( "

# !, : ", ! ! , ! , ! " !# . !# ( ! " , ; ( ( , ! !. L ( , , " ; " ’ -" # ! 16 . 0 ! # , $! — #! , ! ! # , ! — , . ' # ! ! , . O , # ! — ( #. ' ! — # !, , , . 168

9.2. КЕЙТРИНГОВІ ПОСЛУГИ В УКРАЇНІ ' $ ! # , ! ! , + . % ' $ ! ! 100 ( , ! 50 — . < 30 * , " — ' $. % , ! . = ! ! — ( «», " « ». " * «) », «> * = », «B », «N("», « ! » . % ' $ # ! . Q ! ! ,

! ' $, ! , # . % " $ , =>=>

, # — , !. ' ! ! !’ " , " . < " , ! " — # $ . *, ! — , , " . 3 , , # ! ( , . + . E !,

" , ( . % ' $ , # , ( . L $ ! !!# # — ! # "" # . % ! , , ! #. * " , ! $ ( . 1# $ ! # ! , ! !

" . +! , 169

(-( , ! $ ! $, $ $ $. > , ! - ! . 3" , $$ # . H " ! ( ! ! - " . & : -", ! " , -, # ! ! , !# ! ! ( ! . 3 - ( — ! - !#. % !, , , ! , " ! . +#, ! ! ,

!" ( , # 15—25 ( ! !!# $ ! 2006 .). H " ! ! — " $ ( " !# ! ! ). Q , . % ! —

! ! ( " — «=# », «L », Royal Club), ! , ! ! ! . <! # — ! " , $ ( , 100 ). O # , # ! - , $

!# "# . - ! ! . < !# ! # # ! — # ’. " ! # ! . * , ( # ! . 170

* $ . L , Il Patio, «< =" », T.G.I. Friday’s $ ! ! " ! ! , ! ! . = 50—60 «%# \ 1» ! ! . < ! 300 ! ! 10% , . & «% » 300 , ! ! 20 # (! ). 0 ! ". % «+ ! » ! ! ! ( — 50 ), #- ( — 36 ). + ! $ $! ! ! # ! «L ». Q " " «)" », ! ! 600 . 5 ! 200—250 , — 30—40 . «-H <» — 150 . + ! 7% ! . = !, ! !" ( , 30—60 . % «< » ( # ! Royal Club) ! ! 200 . + ! 10% ! . % «1$» «' »

! #- $ $ ’ $ (25 30 ). ! ! . 0 " 20 . O ( $ ! , ! ! «= $» , $ ! ! 20 . R !-# (25, 45 55 ). E $ ! ! «O » ( ! ). = ! — 100 . 0 ! 20 . % «B » («M M », «= », «* ! », «B " ») ! ! (! 60 ) ! #- (45 ). L $$ . = # ! «=# », «= » ! , . 5 15—20 . 171

9.3. КЕЙТРИНГОВА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЗА КОРДОНОМ ' ! $ — # ! ! $ ( . (! ) , , (! . & # " # ! . & ! " > $ ( «* », ! = -<! . + $$ ! R <. + ’ ! ( «* » " 50 ! ’- , ! # , . = ( — « 10% " , : , ! ! 25 #$ , 35 ». * ! R. < ! 1997 . <" !’ «= », « ». <# $ $2,5 , ! 2 ! $5— 6 . + # , 300- ## = -<. % ! R. < ! ! . + $ ! «* » !. 5 — , , , ! , (! , +5q= ! ’ ! +80q=. % - ! 400—500 # - "$ . ) «* » ! Burgess LCF, # "( — ( Bourgeat, — Socamel . . * «* » ! # . , ! , $ $ ! . % . * $ . 0 — # . % — , ! +12q=, 172

" +18q=. + !" , . ' ! ! , ! , ! !# . < , , –24 +18q=. % . % ! , ! , , # , (. % ! , ! , # , . R , !$ , ! ! . ) , ! $ # , , , # . L ! , , (

. . $ $ 50—60 # , ( ! 30 . * , ! «* » # ! 200 ( , , # ! ! . + ! # . % ’ ! ! . % ( . H , ! $ , , ! # . R ! , ! ! , . Q ( , ( , , # . 0 — ! # , ( ! . &( «* » ’ ! ! — - ! 30—60 ( "- ( ! ), ! , — , , . . # «* » # $ . <! 10% R < $ , 5% — . % ! — , !, ! , ! ! . & ! , ## 173

# 2 ! ## , , ! # (, ’ , , !

! , ( (( ! . H " «* » ! . < ! , !#, ! ! 40%. 0 ! 2—3 , ! , . ' , ! ! — , , 50—70 . N # ! « », -# (". + , « », ! — -# , # — (", — # ! . O , , — ! , ## ! . # , !# ! «* » ! <, R. < ! , ! # ! (- ,

— ! , , !$. < ! ( , . +# $ 2 7—8 # ! — ! . ! , , ! ! , . + . * , ! !, — # . Q «* » ! 4—5 , ! 3 — # . * ! 100 . +# ! ( ! 40—50 . O — . 95% ! <! , «* » ) , , < , %! . O !!# , ! , $ ( . " =M — ! $ ( . + national Restaurant Association, 2004 . ! 58% $ $ $ $. 174

% > $ ( ! " ! . " , # , ! ! $ . > # ( 1990- , " !! . < #, !’

" , # !# « ». ) ! , «* - - », «J », «0», «$ #», «V», «0 N», «O » . $ 10—20% ! ( ) ). " (- (

«> N», , ! ( ! $$ . ' ! 20 $ ( «> N» 66 ! ) : 34 «> >» 32 # (-( «> »), 1,5% ! . <# ! ! " 20% . + " , ! ! $1 . 0 ! ! $ ! ! Delive. ru. 0 $ ( ! !: !# . O , ) ! , 100%, ! #, !" ! . + ( $ $ , #, ! . 3 ! $ $ ( : 1) ! . > , ! ! " " ; 2) ; 3) . 0 ! " ! ! . + «ACnielsen», # # ! " 13%. % > $ ! " — 30—40%. = $ «H!» !! ( 5 . . 175

' ( «Iris» «1991 E. &», (! «Sodexho» — " # .

1. J ? 2. ;% ! ! ' ( ! ! & &/" & ! " ? 3. J ! '( / ( ! ! & =? 4. E*, !' & ' " ' !. 5. % % ''/% ' ) ' =@@" ! B !? 6. / ' ( )& ! B! !? 7. J / ! ' > + %?

176

10

ЗАРУБІЖНЕ ПАТЕНТУВАННЯ ОБ’ЄКТІВ ПРОМИСЛОВОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ ТА ЙОГО ЗНАЧЕННЯ ДЛЯ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

10.1. МЕТА ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ПАТЕНТУВАННЯ + , , !! , $ ( $ ! " #$ . , #! , ! ! , ! ( $ ! ’ $ . + ’ $ , !!# ! $ #! $ $ ! ! ’ . 0 , !!# ! . + — ,

#! ! . O ! $ ! #! ’ $ , !

! ( ! " # " , !! — " . 177

10.2. ЗАРУБІЖНЕ ПАТЕНТУВАННЯ ЗА РАДЯНСЬКИХ ЧАСІВ ' ! «+ " # » «3 $ ! ! ’ #». % ! 0 > ) =>=> 29 # 1974 . # 15 1975 . < , ! , «+ ===> ! ().: %!U #- (, 1982. — 442 .). ' ! " =>=>.

" #. % #! # ! " #$ . 0 , !!# #, ## ! ! . &, # «L # ! ! !# ! #$ ( ». + 18 # 1979 . 0 =>=> ( \ 2). ' , ! , !!# , ! , ! ( " . 0 ’ , ! , , . & ! ! , , # , $ . ' ! # " ! ! $ !$ $ ( $. < , # , # " !" $, ! . , !# ’ , . O !# ’ $ , $ . + , #! ’ , , 178

. ) # ! ( # . O ’ , , , # . ' , , ! , ! # , #

. %# : — ! " ! $ # ; — ! . % ! ( $ , ! (- . ! ! ! : — ! ; — # !; — - ; — - ! ; — ( - # ! ; — ! !’ ! ! ' $. = ! , !# ’ . * #! ’ ! . < ! ! , ! . > ! . + , ! : — ! ’ ; — ; — " ; — !" ; — ’ - ; — ; — # $; — ’ $ ( ; — " ; — ( ) ; — ! ’ - ; — . + !# ! $ ( $ ! $$ 179

. % ( : — ( $; — ( ; — # ; — ; — ( ; — -( ; — ! ; — !’ ! ( ; — ( # ; — ( ! ; — ! # ; — ( ; — $ , ! , ( ; — ( # ( ! . / # ( ! !# ! , ! $ , ! !. O ! # #, !# !# ". % , " ! ( . 0 ! «% ! ! ! !!# # , $ # ", , , # (+<-1-77)». + 0 > ) =>=> 18 1977 . \ 6 (26). < ! 0 > ) =>=> !

. # 1 # 1978 . ' «% ! », ! , " . % # ’ ,

# !!# , !## !

- , - ! , . & ! $ ( -# ’ ) !!# # . < — # ! ’ , $ 180

$ # $ "$ - #$ ( $. + # N&=L 15.011-82 «< ». ' , $ , . ! " # ! ! . & ! $ # !!# # , $ # # $, ! . & ! $ !’ ! : — ! # # ! ’ ; — !!# ! 10 ; — # " , ! #! ! ; — #! ! ( ); — ! #, ! " ( ’ . < # !!# : — — , ’ ; — — $,

( ) $, $ ; — !! — $, # ( ! ; — ! — , , , $ #$ $, ! ! $. O ! ’ # , # # ! , # ! " # ". ' , !, $, -, $ # . # ! $, , !. 181

&( , ! # , # ’ «* # $» (N&=L 2.116-71) «< ( » (N&=L 2.110-68). «+ » , $ . Q ’ !

! $ ! # ’ . < - ! ! # ! # ( ( , # ’ =>=> " $. — «L ! ! ! ! !!# $ # ", , # ». + 0 > ) =>=> 8 # 1974 . # 20 1974 . 0 — . * " ’ , !# ! . = ’ , ! . < " ’ . * ! , ! ! ! . % ! " ! ( . 3 ! # . < # ! " ’ . +’ ! !

! ! ,

! =>=>. * : — , !# — # ! $ # ; — ’ — $ ! # ! #$ $; # — $ $ ! $; — ’ ! — # ! $ ; — ! ! : (", ) — ! # , ! — $ ! #$ $; — # () — $ !" - # # ; 182

— # ( # ) — $ !" - !

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. =>=> !! - , ! ! ’ $ . 1. »% ! ! ». + 0 =>=> 12 1981 . \ 3 (25). # 1 1982 . 2. »L# ! ». + ! 0 =>=> 30 1990 . \ 112. 3. »3 ! ! ». + ! 0 =>=> 26 #

1979 . \ 11. # 1 1979 . + # ! #

. T " # , # #$ . 10.3. ЗАРУБІЖНЕ ПАТЕНТУВАННЯ ЗА СУЧАСНИХ УМОВ ! ! ! , . ! #! ! ' $. 1995 . 0 ' $ (0 ' $) «)# ! U ». 5 «)# $» )# 0 ' $. E. 3. , 3. P. * , 183

%. =. > . — 5 . . % 96 (. ! . %. < !# . % $ . 1. < ! ! ! $ . 2. < ! ! 0 (>=L). 3. < ! ! (R<*, &>3, ARIPO). & =0 $ H $. 1. & ! =0 $ H $. 2. < =0 R! $ $ $ (R<*). ' " ! . % . 1. + ' $ ! . 2. L ! ! >=L. 3. L ! ! R<*. 4. % $ ! ! >=L. 5. >! ! R<*. 6. >! ! $ =0 $ H $. 7. 0—# <! !, # ! $ . 8. & ! $ . 9. ! . 10. = ' $, ! 0 ' $. 11. < $ . , $ ’ $ , ! , ! : 1. . . <-! . — *.: H(, 1996. — 256 . 184

2. . . <. — 1.: *, 1997. — 313 . 3. - U (= 0 ). — *.:%>->, 1997. — 378 . 4. . . < $ : #. . — *.: E , 2002. — 200 . 5. . . < . #-# . — *.: L<-, 2004. — 224 . 6. . . < !. '# . — *.:)'<. — 216 . 7. . . < $ : #. . %. 2- . — *.: 5 #$ , 2006. — 278 . $ «U - U ». % ! 1260 , ! , !!# ! \ 3. >! 2 . . < — ! , $ ’ $ ( , , !! ) $ ! : ’ ; $ ; ; ! ’ $ ! ; ! # $ ! ! , ; ! ! ! ! ; ’ $ ; # ! ! (# ); ! ; " $, !!# . = ! , ! $ , ! , ! $ ! . ' $

! . L # " , ! , ! $ # !. 185

! ’ $ , $ ! #$ / # $ # !. < ! " #$ $. % # ’ ! , ’ . = $ $, # ! . < ! ! ! : — $ , ! ; — 0 (>=L); — ! ( $ (* $ # , R! $ $ $ ). % " ! ! ! . , $ , ! $ ! . ! $ ! !: , #, . + # , ( !# . < ! ! 0 ! (! — $ $. ) (! : — $ ! ; — " ; — ; — ! (! ! ). (! — ! ! , ! ! ! ! " $ $ !. < ! ! # ! . 0 . < 0 >=L ! ! ! ! . 186

< 0 >=L !# " , . + ! ! !!# ! ! ! $ ( # " — $ ). R ! $ ! # ! $—# * $ # , . # XXI . R! — . #

. R « » . < R<* ! , , , ! . ' ! $ ! . 5 . % , , ! (! ). ( ! $ (&>3) $ ( $ ( . ( ! $ " ! $ . 9 1994 . ! > $ =0 ) R! (R<*). $ 8 : % , H , *! , *!, ), > , L , ' $. + # 2006 ., ' $ ( . R! , . <# ! $ ! $ ! . < ! ! . 0 ! , , !! " — !. < ! "$ . ! \ 81 22 1995 . 0 ' $ ! : 1) «3 ! ! ! ( $ ) ! »; 187

2) «3 ! ! ! !! ! ». 5 3 $ ! ) $ ' $ 1 # 1995 . — 164/700 163/699. = , ## ! ! 3 ! . % , ! ' $ , , !! , , ! . % , ! # $ . ! ! , ’ ! " ' $ ! $ . 0 ! #! , ! . + # # -

- ! $ . ) . $ ! $ # !# . + ( $. < ! =>=> , , ( - ! $ . % $ - ! ! ". T "" !! " , . ( ! $ !’ ! - ! #! . 0, ! +/0 $ ! $ ! $$ !!# .

: 1. & @/" & !() ' ! & (’/ ' % + ? 2. ' ' + ! =/@, !&? 3. ; ) =" ' ! % & ? 188

4. & % / ' " ( ' & & ! ' % ) (’/ ? 5. B % = ) !@" & & & =" !() ' ! &? 6. ' ( ' !(! " ' " (’/ , &< ' ' % ) " ' ! !? 7. J ' ( (, % / % ) ( ' ? 8. J ' )&? 9. !%@" " ? 10. % ( ! ' ! /?

189

11

ЛІЦЕНЗУВАННЯ ОБ’ЄКТІВ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ

11.1. КОМПАС У СФЕРІ ЛІЦЕНЗУВАННЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ

## , « » ( , , !! , ! , , ( $ , !!# , , ! ! $), ’ ( , ) ! ( ! , # - !). T ! $ . * «<-! » : x H 5. «5 !: ?» x H 6. «E!U ». x H 23. «B#! «& U ». x H 25. < «& U ». x H 26. «E!U " - «& U ». x H 28. =" ( #- U- / =. x H 30. «B#! =M». 190

< ! ! =M «= » $ " , $ (#! — $ « ». ' ! «<» ’ ! «&U ! !U ( U" ». S ! 5.5 «& !» #: 5.5.1. «%U !U ». 5.5.2. »L# U ! ! ». 5.5.3. «< ! U" !U ». ' ! 33 «& ’ $ ! » «< $ » : i «E ! , , !! , ( $ ». i «% ! ! " !# ». i «E ! ». i «E ! - "- ». ' ! «< » ! «E!». % ! ! ! ! «< !». + ! . ' «< » !! : x «+ -

, $ !! ». x «0 - $ ( $) $ ($) ! $ ( $ , !! )». x «E ! ! ()». x «%# ». x «Assignment of an Issued Patent by a Corporation» («< " »). x «Simple License Agreement» («< ! »). 191

x «Assignment of an Invention, With Ensuing Patent Rights by the Inventor to a =orporation»(«< $ »). x «Assignment of Trademark» («< ! »). x «Trade Secret nondisclosure Agreement (Short Form)» («* ( !" »). x «Exclusive Trademark License» («% ! ! »). = , ## ! ! ! , !!# . < $ ! — #. ' ! ! " #$ ! $ ! ’ ’ $ ! . &, " ! ! ’ ! ! ’ $ , ! / # " ! ' $. L , " # " ! $ . 5 " $ . % !! !. ! ! ! ’ .

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! * ! =’ $ ( : . ' , 45, . *$-35, 03680, ' $, http//www.sdip.gov.ua L( : (044) 285—85—88; 254—38—13). ) ! ,

" ! ' $. * «< !» «< » # ! ' $ ( $ . ! " ! - ! ! ’ , , «= », , ( $ . & . +! , ! $ . ' ! . 5 ! ( " , . N$ ( $) $, ! ’ $ , . ), !’ . = ! - ! ( . 5, R =!. L # . S ! . 0 ! " ! ’ ! $ $ ' $. 5 , # ! ' $ (§5 « ! ! $ ' $ , , !! , ( »; . ’ # «< $ »). Q ! ' $ $. !! , ! ! !. ! ' $ " , ( ! $ ’ ! , #! . T# !, !’ ! ! 1 # 2004 . # 5 ' $ ! " ! # ! $$ . " , " , " , ! # . " : 194

x ! " $ , ! # — ; x ! , ! !" ! $

( $. " (#!. + ! ! — ! — ! " : (#!—(#! —(#! . ' 5 ' $ !

(#! # (#!. +

« ». 0 (#! ( ) «) -0». %#! ’ ! , ! ! . B#! ! . ,

’ ! $ $ (! , ). & ! (#! ' $ . H ( , ! ! % > ' $ " # . ), ! ! !’ . ! . H , ! , !’ . 5 . ) ! # " . ! # , , ( . E — ! . &, " ! , ! ! . 11.2. МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ЛІЦЕНЗІЙНИЙ КОНТРАКТ ' ! ! $ . 5 — ! , ! # . E ! $. ' # ! ! " , $ ! . R. < 195

! . E ! ) %! ’ «E ! ». , ( ! $ ! ## . % , , # . 1 # !! #$ 11 . # $ 113 . $ $. 0 ! Harry R. Mayers, Brian G. Brunsvold «Drafting Patent License Agreements. Third edition.» The Bureau of national Affairs, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1992. — 278 p. % # !! ! , - # . #, " ! . 11.3. LICENSE AGREEMENT LICENSEAGREEMENT This Agreement is made by and between v/o LICEKSInTORG of Moscow, USSR hereinafter referred to as «The Licensor» of the one part and PAnSAT Enterprises Inc. in new York and BHAT Technology International Inc. in Pittsburgh, both in USA, hereinafter referred to as «The Licensee» of the other part. WHEREAS: a) The E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute (EWI) USSR, hereinafter referred to as «The Author» possesses knowledge and experience in the field of Electroslag Permanent Mould Casting (EPMC) and Centrifugal Electroslag Casting (CESC) of metals and alloys. b) The Author is the owner of patents listed in Appendix no.l. c) The Licensor is entitled by The Author to negotiate on its own behalf with a view to granting licenses to use the knowledge, experience and patent rights, for the purpose of manufacturing, using and selling the EPMC and CESC and make respective agreements. d) The Licensee is willing to acquire on the terms and conditions of this Agreement a license to use the knowledge, experience and patent rights for the purpose of manufacturing, using and selling the EPMC and CESC 196

Now it is hereby agreed as follows: 1. Definitions In this Agreement the following expressions shall have the following meanings: 1.1. The Licensed Technology — The Technology for Electroslag Permanent Mould Casting (EPMC) and for The Centrifugal Electroslag Casting (CESC) for casting metals 20kg up to 450 kg, maximum 29» Diameter. 1.2. Castings — The constructional and tool steels castings from 20 kg to 450 kg, maximum diameter 29», produced by using the Licensed Technology and/or The Licensed Products. 1.3. The Patents — The Patents and The Patent Applications owned by the Author and set out in the Appendix no.1 hereto. l.4. The Know-How — Experience, knowledge, secrets of the production etc. which are in possession of the Author and necessary for the manufacture of The Licensed Products and realization of The Licensed Technology and set out in the technological instructions Appendix no.4 hereto. 1.5. The Licensed Products — The units (EPMC) and(CESC) or other equipment developed by the Licensee embodying any or all technical ideas and principles realized in the Licensed Technology and any modifications thereof introduced by the Licensee. 1.6. The Technical Assignment — Technical information given by the Licensee to the Licensor necessary for the preparation of the Technical Documentation by the Licensor and set out in Appendix no.2 hereto. 1.7. The Technical Documentation — Technical documentation necessary for the manufacture of the Licensed Products in accordance with the Licensed Technology and setout in Appendix no.3 hereto. 1.8. The Working Procedures — Procedures and time schedule of obligations of the Licensor and the Licensee to implement the conditions of this Agreement and setout in Appendix no.6 hereto. 1.9. The Territory — USA, Canada, Brazil, India, Venezuela, Egypt and Mexico. 2. Subject Matter of The Agreement 2.1. The Licensor, for the compensation to be materialized as stated in Clause no.4 hereinbelow, shall grant to the Licensee the non197

exclusive rights to use the Licensed Technology and the Technical Documentation, the Know-How and Patents and Patents applications for the manufacture, use and sell the Licensed Products and Licensed Technology in the Territory. 3. Guarantees and Responsibilities 3.1. The Licensor guarantees that the scope and quality of the Technical Documentation and Know-How shall allow the Licensee to acquire the skill to manufacture the Licensed Products making Castings, provided that the Licensee properly applies the Technical Documentation and instructions of the Licensor. 3.2. The Licensor guarantees that the Licensee will be able to produce Castings of a quality not inferior to that as such products already produced at Soviet works, provided that the Licensee properly and correctly uses the Technological Documentation and instructions given by the Licensor. 3.3. The Licensor’s amenability in respect of any suits or claims connected with this Agreement shall be limited to the amount of payment received by the Licensor in accordance with Clause no.4.2 of this License Agreement. 3.4. The Licensor shall transfer to the Licensee the Technical Documentation setout in the Appendix no.3 to this Agreement within 3 (Three) months from the date of approval by the Licensor of the Technical Assignment setout in the Appendix no.2 hereto. 3.5. The Technical Documentation shall be prepared by the Licensor in accordance with the norms and standards of USSR but adjusted and meeting the requirements of the Technical Assignment sent by the Licensee. 3.6. The Technical Documentation shall be delivered to the Licensee in 3 (three) copies in English and 1 (one) copy in Russian. 4. Payments 4.1. As a complete compensation for the rights granted hereunder and for the transfer of the Technical Documentation and Know-How the Licensee shall pay to the Licensor the amount of US $.390.000.00 (Three hundred ninety thousand US dollars) in accordance with the following: 4.2. US $ 40.000.00 (Forty thousand US dollars) shall be paid by the Licensee within 20 days from the effective date of this Agreement. 198

4.3. US $ 40.000.00 (Forty thousand US dollars) shall be paid by the Licensee within 30 days from the date of the transfer of the Technical Documentation by the Licensor to the Licensee in accordance with Appendix no.3 to this Agreement. The Licensor will advise the Licensee of readiness of the Technical Documentation by TLX. The Licensor shall be entitled to send the Technical Documentation to the Licensee by mail or by messenger and the date of Post receipt or receipt of messenger’s delivery from the Licensee shall be considered as the date of transfer of the Technical Documentation to the Licensee. If sent by mail the expenses shall be paid by the Licensee. 4.4. Also the Licensee shall pay to the Licensor guaranteed payments each year from the effective date of this Agreement as follows: For the first year — 0; ««second» — 0; ««third» — US $.50.QOO.00 (Fifty thousand US dollars); ««fourth» — US $.50.000.00 (Fifty thousand US dollars); ««fifth» — US $.60.000.00 (Sixty thousand US dollars); ««sixth» — US $.70.000.00 (Seventy thousand US dollars); ««seventh» — US $.80.000.00 (Eighty thousand US dollars). 4.4. a) The Licensee shall also pay to the Licensor royalty payments from selling price of the castings produced by the second and each following industrial units of the Licensed Products at the rate of 3 (three) percent. These royalty payments are to be paid at the end of each calendar year as a total amount for each particular year of production of Castings, 4.4. b) The above guaranteed payments will start to be paid by the Licensee provided the signing a Protocol between the Licensor and the Licensee confirming satisfactory completion of the testing performance of the Licensed Products in the Licensee’s facility, and set out in the Appendix no.2 hereto. 4.5. It is understood that all payments due hereunder are net payments in favor of the Licensor and would be made by cable remittance to the Licensor’s account to the Bank for Foreign Trade of USSR in Moscow. 4.6. All payments to be made in favor of the Licensor shall be in US dollars. 4.7. The Licensee if required undertakes to obtain all the respective approvals from the US Governmental Authorities for the transfer of all the amounts and effect the payment due hereunder. 199

5. Dues and Charges 5.1. All the dues, charges and other expenses pertaining to signing and execution of this Agreement related in the Territory, also all the expenses connected with transfer of the amounts to the Licensor’s account at the Bank For Foreign Trade of USSR, Moscow, shall be borne by the Licensee. 5.2. All the dues, charges and other expenses pertaining to signing and execution of this Agreement in the USSR shall be borne by the Licensor. 6. Patent, Modifications and Alterations 6.1. The parties undertake to inform each other about all the modifications and alterations pertaining to the Licensed Technology and the Licensed Products introduced by the parties. 6.2. Transfer of the Technical Documentation for the nonpatentable modifications and alterations shall be made free of charge, only actual expenses incurred in connection with preparation and dispatch of the Technical Documentation shall be compensated. 6.3. Patentable modifications and alterations of the Licensed Products made by the Licensor shall be his own property and shall be offered to the Licensee in the Territory. Terms and conditions of transfer of such modifications and alterations shall be agreed between the parties additionally. 6.4. If the Licensee makes a patentable invention representing modifications or alterations of the Licensed Products and the Licensed Technology such modifications and alterations shall be the Licensee’s property and shall be offered to the Licensor on the top priority basis. Terms and conditions of transfer of the modifications and alterations shall be agreed between the parties additionally. 7. Confidentiality 7.1. The Licensee guarantees to maintain the confidentiality of the Technical Documentation, information and Know-How pertaining to the Licensed Products and the Licensed Technology received from the Licensor. Only those persons of the Licensee’s personal who are directly involved in the Licensed Products manufacture shall be 200

acquainted with the documentation and information delivered. The Licensee shall do his utmost to prevent such information and documentation from being divulged by the Licensee’s personnel or from bringing such information to the knowledge of third parties without the Licensors consent to that in writing. 7.2. The Licensee guarantees that he will not demonstrate the operation of the Licensed Products to any third party. The Licensee has the right to demonstrate the Licensed Products and the Castings when a respective non-disclosure Agreement is signed with a potential customer. 7.3. In the event that the Licensee or any persons from their staff disclose the Technical Documentation or information pertaining to the licensed Products and Licensed Technology, the Licensee shall reimburse the Licensor for the losses thus incurred, including the lost of profit. 8. Defense of Patent Rights 8.1. During the life of this Agreement the Licensee: — shall recognize the validity of the owner’s right to the Patents listed in Appendix no.l and shall not contest the Patents or prevent the grant of Patents or assist others in such activities; — shall render all the possible assistance, if required, to defense the owner’s right to the Patents and if necessary, bring the claim against the party violating the owner’s right to the Patents. 8.2. The Licensee, if requested by the Licensor, shall render every possible assistance to the latter in expending the Patent defense of the Licensed Products. 8.3. Should a third party violate the Patents in the Territory the Licensee shall immediately advise the Licensor of the fact. If the Licensor is not willing to bring a claim against a third party himself or jointly with the Licensee the Licensor shall allow the Licensee to follow the infringer and render the Licensee all the reasonable assistance in such actions. 8.4. If the Licensor decides to participate in the claim jointly with the Licensee against the infringers of the Patents, all the expenses and/or amounts incurred or received, being the result of the award of the court/or of the agreement between the respondent and plaintiff, shall be equally divided between the Licensor and the Licensee. However the participation of the Licensor in the expenses pertaining to such claims shall be limited to the amount not higher than that of 50 201

(fifty) percent of the sums received by the Licensor under this agreement up to the time such liability is incurred. 9. Publicity 9.1. The Licensee undertakes to advertise the Licensed Products through various ways and means to be agreed with the Licensor and make references in the respective advertising papers and also on the Licensed Products produced by the Licensee, that this Licensed Products has been made under the License of v/o Licensintorg and the project of the E.O.Paton Electric Welding Institute (EWI) USSR. 9.2. The Licensee undertakes to advise the Licensor about all kinds of publicity made by him with respect to the Licensed Products and to furnis The Licensor, free of charge, with the samples of such advertising materials. 10. Arbitration 10.1. Any dispute, controversy or claims arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof, if not amicably settled, shall be passed to arbitration in accordance with the «Optional Arbitration Clause for use, in contracts in USA-USSR Trade-1977» (Prepared by American Association and USSR Chamber of Commerce and Industry). 10.2. The arbitration award shall be final and binding upon both parties. 11. Period or Validity of Agreement and Terms of its Cancellation 11.1. The period of validity of this Agreement is 7 (Seven) years. The Agreement becomes effective upon its signing by appropriate bodies of the Licensee and the Licensor. 11.2. The Working Procedures of the parties under this Agreement shall be sent out in Appendix no.6 and begins from the effective date of this Agreement hereto. 11.3. The Licensee undertakes within the whole period of the validity of this Agreement to provide the Licensor with the possibility to be acquainted with the Licensed Products. 202

11.4. The parties can cancel this Agreement before the due time by submitting a written notice in case: a) the Licensee or the Licensor fails to fulfill any fundamental provision of this Agreement; b) the Licensee is declared insolvent or goes into liquidation for any reason; c) this Agreement shall not be cancelled as per Clause 11.4 (a)automatically and the party which fails to fulfill its obligations will be allowed a period of 6 (six) months to fulfill its obligations; d) in the event the Licensor fails to fulfill any one of the guarantees or warrantees contained in this Agreement and particularly paragraph no.3.1 and 3.2 and Appendix no.6, the Licensee shall be relieved of any obligations to make any further payments to the Licensor. 11.5. in case of the Agreement being cancelled in conformity with the provisions of paragraphs 11, the sums paid by the moment of its cancellation shall not be refundable. 12. Consequences of Termination or Cancellation of Agreement 12.1. If after expiration of the validity of this Agreement the Licensee does not express any wish to extend it further till the end of the lives of the Patents or if after such wish has been expressed the Parties fail to come to an Agreement as to terms and conditions of such extension or in case this Agreement cancelled, the Licensee shall suspend making new contracts or receiving new orders for the Licensed Products and upon fulfillment of valid contracts and orders shall stop producing the Licensed Products and forthwith return all the Technical Documentation received by the Licensee from the Licensor. 12.2. In such case the Licensee’s liabilities stipulated in Clause no.7 hereof shall remain in force.

203

Appendix No.l to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc and Bhat Technology International Inc,USA

List of Patents US Patent no. 3,794,104 « « « 3,924,672 « « « 3,944,714 « « « 3,992,564 « « « 4,000,361 « « « 4,027,233 All other US or Canadian Patents or Patent Applications currently owned or filed or obtained in the future and/or controlled by Paton Institute (EWI) and/or v/o Licensintorg and required to be licensed in order to practice the Licensed Technology or to manufacture, use, sell the Licensed Products. For and on behalf of the Licensor

For and on behalf of the Licensee Appendix No. 2

to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc. Bhat Technology International Inc., USA

Technical Assignments The Licensee shall provide to the Licensor within 15 days after receipt of a complete executed copy of this Agreement, the following: 1) Engineering drawings illustrating and describing geometric parameters of different Castings to be made in EPMC and CESC units and manufactured by the Licensee. 2) Chemical composition of the Castings. 3) Electrodes geometric parameters, their method of production, quality and chemical composition. 4) Characteristics of the shop for the units distribution (Building drawings etc...). For and on behalf of the Licensor

For and on behalf of the Licensee 204

Appendix No. 3 to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc. Bhat International Inc., USA

Technology

List of Technical Documentation to be transferred to the Licensee by the Licensor 1) Recommended layout of the: a) CESC unit section planning; b) EPMC unit section planning; c) Flux making unit section planning. 2) Building and foundation requirements. 3) Detailed engineering drawings for the units a), b) and c), necessary for the manufacture in the USA (also mechanical parts). 4) Description of the Electroslag Crucible furnace with refractory lining. 5) Description of the Electroslag Remelting process of consumable electrodes in a crucible furnace, including the electrodes made by scrap. 6) Description of the Technology of pouring the melt from the crucible furnace into the non-rotating mould. 7) Description, chemical composition, manufacturing details and drawings of the moulds or crucibles for melting of the metal. 8) Composition and manufacturing details and drawings of the Flux for the Electroslag Casting for Casting constructional and tool steel. 9) Technical characteristics of the equipment CESC-vertical centrifugal casting machines for Casting 20 kg up to 450 kg castings, for maximum 29» diameter, and operation instructions. 10) Description of the technology of pouring the melt from crucible furnace into a rotating mould of a centrifugal machine. Note: According to 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) the recommendations will be given concerning electroslag permanent mould and centrifugal electroslag casting of constructional and tool steels. 11) Detailed engineering drawings of the metal pool level pick-up. 12) List of the auxiliary equipment to be supplied by the Licensee, description and requirements, including the electrical drawings and list of parts for the units. For and on behalf of the Licensor

For and on behalf of the Licensee 205

Appendix No. 4 to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc. Bhat International Inc., USA

Technology

The Know-How Volume and Manual to be transferred by the Licensor to Licensee The Licensor shall transfer to the Licensee the experience, knowledge, secrets of the production etc., which are in possession of the Author and necessary for the manufacture of the Licensed Products and the realization of the Licensed Technology and set out in the technological instructions of this Appendix no. 4, including, but not limited by the following items: 1) General data: Technical and metallurgical EPMC and CESC features. 2) EPMC and CESC units mechanical and electrical parts description. 3) The outer and inner moulds design description and engineering drawings. 4) Instructions for the Flux melting. 5) Description of the EPMC and CESC technology of different castings. 6) Requirements to the Flux and other materials used at the EPMC and CESC units. 7) Technological requirements to the consumable electrodes and devices. 8) Technical instructions for the welding of the electrodes to the electrode holder. For and on behalf of the Licensor

For and on behalf of the Licensee

206

Appendix No. 5 to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc. Bhat Technology International Inc., USA

Terms and Conditions of Rendering Technical Assistance. 1) In order to render to the Licensee the necessary technical assistance or the manufacture by the Licensee of the Licensed Products as well as in mastering the production of the Licensed Products, to train the Licensee’s personnel to the methods and ways of work, relating to the production of the Licensed Products, the Licensor shall dispatch to the Licensee the necessary number of technicians to the enterprise of the Licensee. The Licensee shall communicate the Licensor its request in respect of dispatch of the Licensor’s technicians 3 months prior to the proposed date of their departure. 2) All expenses in connection with the dispatch of Soviet technicians for the purpose of rendering the necessary technical assistance, such as: aircraft tickets of tourist class from Moscow to destination and back, accommodations at a first class hotel, carriage of 30 kg luggage per person besides that included in the ticket, payments according to the following: Chief expert — US $ 250 per day, Engineer — US $ 200 « «, Mechanic — US $ 150 « «, as well as transport charges within the Territory, expenses on medical attendance, business telephone conversations and dispatch of cables and telexes through the Licensee’s office, shall be paid by the Licensee. Should need arise the Licensee shall at its own expense provide the Licensor’s technicians with interpreters for the entire period of their stay at the enterprise of the Licensee. In addition the Licensee shall bear the cost of insuring the Soviet technicians for their period of stay in the Territory against accidents. 3) Insurance shall be effected by the Licensor with Ingostrakh of the USSR in conformity with their Regulations for Insurance against accidents. The Licensee shall reimburse the Licensor the full amount of expenses entailed by such Insurance by remitting the due sum to the Licensor’s account at the Bank for Foreign Trade of USSR, within 30 days of the date of receipt from the Licensor of the Invoice confirming that such insurance has be effected. 4) Also all travel expenses, hotel accommodations etc. for the entire period of their stay in the Licensee’s facility shall be paid by the Licensee to the Licensor’s account within 2 weeks of the date of receipt of the final Invoice send by the Licensor. 5) The Licensor shall on request by the Licensee and for an extra fee, arrange for technicians of the Licensee and its customers to be trained by the Licensor. Terms and conditions of such training shall be agreed between the parties in each particular case. For and on behalf For and on behalf of the Licensor of the Licensee 207

Appendix No. 6 to License Agreement No. of 1983 between v/o Licensintorg, USSR and Pansat Enterprises Inc. Bhat International Inc., USA

Technology

Working Procedure under the License Agreement. 1) The Technical Assignment in accordance with Appendix no. 2 hereto, shall be sent to the Licensor by the Licensee within 15 days from the effective date of this Agreement. 2) Within 7 days from the date of receipt of the Technical Assignment the Licensor shall consider it and inform the Licensee of the results of its consideration by telex. The date of this telex would be the date of approval of the Technical Assignment by the Licensor. 3) The Technical Documentation in accordance with Appendix no. 3 hereto shall be passed to the Licensee within 3 months from the date of approval by the Licensor of the Technical Assignment. 4) As it provided by terms and conditions stipulated in Appendix no. 5 of this Agreement the Licensor on request by the Licensee shall be prepared to dispatch its technicians to the USA to render to the Licensee the necessary technical assistance in detail design for the manufacture of t Licensed Products in the Licensee’s facility and also assistance for the auxiliary equipment. 5) On request of the Licensee the licensor shall be prepared to dispatch its technicians to the USA to render the necessary technical assistance and to give consultation during errection of the Licensed Products and equipment during idle run and during hot tests of the equipments. 6) Training of the Licensee’s technicians and transfer of the Know-How shall be made by the Licensor by means of dispatching the Licensor’s technicians to the USA on request by the Licensee. 7) Transfer of the Know-How shall be made during remelting casting of 8 full size and height of each of type of sizes of the Castings and carrying out necessary quality testing. The 8th casting of each of type of size shall be a control one for evaluation of quality. 8) Training of Licensee’s technicians shall be realized during transfer of the Know-How and shall be finalized by remelting casting by the Licensee’s technicians themselves per 4 castings of full size and height of each 4 type of sizes in the presence of the Licensor’s technicians. 9) The Protocol, confirming the satisfactory completion of the testing performance of the Licensed Products and the beginning of the production of the casting by the Licensed Products will be signed by both parties after producing of 8 castings of full size and height of each type of size in conformity to the Technical Assignment (Appendix no. 2) to this Agreement. For and on behalf of the Licensor

For and on behalf of the Licensee 208

11.4. ЛІЦЕНЗІЙНА УГОДА 5 %! ’ «E ! » () , =>=>) ! $ , ! E ! «<=L /! 3 .» ! -S «H1L L 3" 3 .» ! < , ! =M, ! "$ , ! E ! . & : a) 3 ! . R. < ! =>=>, ! , ! ( " ! () ( " ! (5/M>) . b) , # 0 \ 1. c) E ! , ## ! $ !, ! , 5/M> . d) E ! $ ' ! !, ! , 5/M>. : 1. 1 /6 ' !# . 1.1. E ! — " ! () ( " ! (5/M>) ! 20 450 ! 29 . 1.2. >! — ! 20 450 ! 29 , ! ! !$ $ ! . 1.3. < — ! , !!# 0 \ 1. 1.4. - — , ! , ,

! ! $ !$ $ !!# # 0 \ 4. 1.5. E ! — !! 5/M> " , ! E ! , 209

$ , ! ! $, - ( $, ! E ! . 1.6. L # ! — # ( , E ! E ! , E ! #$ $ !!# 0 \ 2. 1.7. L # — # , ! !$ $ !!# 0 \ 3. 1.8. ># — # ( !’ ! E ! E ! $ ', !!# 0 \ 6. 1.9. L — =M, *, H! , 3 , %, R ) . 2. + 2.1. E ! ! , # !!# # 4, E ! # !$ $ #$ $, - ,

! , ! !$ $ L $. 3. > ,5 , 1B’61 6 3.1. E ! , #$ $ - ! ! ! , # ! , ! , E ! # ! # $ E ! . 3.2. E ! , E ! ! ! , , ! , ! , E ! # #

$, E ! . 3.3. % " E ! - ! # ! , ’ ! ! ', , E ! 2 4 $ E ! $ . 3.4. E ! E ! # , !!# \ 3 $ ', 3 ( ) E ! # ! , !!# 0 \ 2. 210

3.5. L # E ! =>=>, # ! E ! . 3.6. L # E ! 3 ( ) 1 () . 4. * 0, 4.1. O ! ! # #$ $ - E ! # E ! 390 ( ’ ) # =M : 4.2. 40 ( ) # =M # E ! 20 # '. 4.3. 40 ( ) # =M # E ! 30 # E ! E ! #$ $ 0 \ 3 $ '. E ! E ! #$ $. E ! E ! # " "$ $ E ! $ # E ! #$ $. 4.4. E ! # E ! # # ': ! " — 0; ! — 0; ! — 50 (’ ) # =M; ! # — 50 (’ ) # =M; ! ’ — 60 (" ) # =M; ! " — 70 ( ) # =M; ! — 80 ( ) # =M. 4.4. ) E ! # E ! (# ) $ ! , ! ! 3 ( ) . 5 # # ! ! . 4.4. b) +!# !#

# E ! ! E ! E ! , ! !" 211

! # E ! , !!# 9 0 \ 6. 4.5. >! , , , # E ! # " ( ! E ! + " =>=> ) . 4.6. ' # E ! =M. 4.7. O , E ! !’ ! =M # . 5. , 1B 5.1. ' , ! " , $ ' L $, , ’ ! ! ! E ! + " =>=> ) , # E ! . 5.2. % , ! " , $ ' =>=> # E ! . 6. , P,4 7,5 1, 6.1. = !’ ! ( " ! = ( $ ! ,

!$ $ ! . 6.2. <# #$ $ ( $ ! !, " , !! !’ ! ! #$ $. 6.3. < ( $ ! ! , ! E ! ,

E ! $. L # ( ! =. 6.4. O E ! , ( ! ! !$ $, ( $ ! E ! " # E ! . L # ( !

=. 212

7. P,7,8, 3 7.1. E ! ( #$ $, ( $ - , ! !$ $, E ! . E" E ! , ! ! , ! ! ( . E ! ! , " !" E ! $ ( $ ! $ ! E ! . 7.2. E ! , ( ! . E ! ! ! ! ! . 7.3. ' , E ! - ! ! # , ! !$ $, E ! " E ! ! ! , ## # . 8. = = 8.1. % # $ ' E ! : !# # , # 0 \ 1, " # " ; , , ! , , ! , " . 8.2. E ! , E ! , ! ! . 8.3. O " L $, E ! E ! ( . O E ! ! $ ! E ! , E ! ! E ! " E ! ! . 8.4. O E ! " # ! $ ! ! E ! " , /# , # , ! " , # !#, E ! 213

E ! . % # E ! , ! , , 50 (’ ) , E ! ! ' #, . 9. B*,/, 3 9.1. E ! !’ ! ! ! ! " ! , ! ! E ! , ! , E ! , ! ! ! ! ! ! " ’ «E ! » 3 ! . R. < (=>=>). 9.2. E ! !’ ! E ! ! ! E ! !! . 10. B, 0 10.1. H- , # ! $, ! $ ' # $$, # ! , # , , «< =M =>=>» 1977 ,

L- =>=>. 10.2. > " # !’ !

. 11. , / , + , 55 4 6 11.1. < # $ ' 7 ( ) . ' # E !

E ! . 11.2. ># $ ', !!# 0 \ 6, !# ! # '. 11.3. E ! !’ ! $ $ ' E ! ! ! ! . 11.4. = ! ' !!# # " : 214

a) E ! E ! - $ '; b) E ! " ! $ # $; c) ' ) 4 11 ! # , $ !’ ! , 6 (" ) $$ !’ ! ; d) , E ! - ! !, ' ( 3.1. 3.2. 0 \ 6, E ! !

- !’ ! E ! - " . 11.5. ' ! $ ' ( 11, , # $$ ! . 12. *,4 6 B 1, 6 + 12.1. O ! # # $ ' E ! $$ # , ! $ ', E ! ! ! ! # # ! ! ! # , E ! E ! . 12.2. ' E ! , # 7, !" #.

215

K 1 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M

*,4 , \ =M 3 794 104 \ =M 3 924 672 \ =M 3 944 714 \ =M 3 992 564 \ =M 4 000 361 \ =M 4 027 233 ' " ! ,

, /# 3 ! . < /# «E ! » ! ! ! !$ $ , , ! . + + E ! E ! K 2 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M

$=,/ 1 6 E ! E ! 15 $ ' : 1) !, # ! ! ,

5/M>, E ! ; 2) # ! ; 3) # , $ , # ; 4) ! ( ! ). + + E ! E ! 216

K 3 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M *,4 =,/5 4 7,5, 64 \ 36 ,71, ,71, 1) > : a) $ 5/M>; b) $ ; c) $ " . 2) % $ (. 3) 3 ! a), b), c), =M ( # #). 4) & " $ $ # ! ( . 5) & " # , ## , . 6) & $ ! ! $ # (. 7) &, # , ! ( ! . 8) = ! " ! ! $ $ . 9) L # -( ! " ! 20 450 ! 29 $. 10) & $ ! ! ! $ # (, , ($ ". A% : 5), 6), 7), 8), 9) 10) $, " ! ( " ! . 11) 3 ! ! . 12) < , # E ! , , ## # # . + E !

+ E ! 217

K 4 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M

B6+ -= , , V < 36 ,71, ,71, E ! E ! , ! , , ! ! $ !$ $ !!# # 0 \ 4, ##, #, ! $: 1) + : # ! 5/M>. 2) & # # #

5/M>. 3) & ! ! "$ "$ (. 4) 3 $ " . 5) & $ 5/M> ! ! . 6) % " " , 5/M>. 7) L # $. 8) L # $ . + E !

+ E !

218

K 5 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M

$, 6 =,/5 + 1) + E ! $ #$

E ! ! , ! , # E ! " , ! , E ! E ! E ! . E ! E ! E ! ! 3 !$ $ ’$!. 2) ' !’ ! ! ! $ #$ , ) !# !, " , ! 30 , # , : — 250 =M ;

— 200 =M ; — 150 =M , L $, # , ( !, #! ( E ! , # E ! . O , E ! ! E ! # $ ! . 0 E ! $ L $. 3) = E ! «3 » =>=> < . E ! " E ! , , ! $ E ! + " =>=>, 30 E ! $, , #. 4) L , $ E ! #

E ! E ! #$ $, $ E ! . 5) E ! E ! ! " # E ! E ! # . L # . + + E ! E ! 219

K 6 0 ! $ \.......... ...........................1983 . %/ «E ! », =>=> «< /! 3 .» «H1L L 3". 3 .», =M

B/8 +* *,71,85 + 1) L # ! 0 \ 2 E ! E ! 15 # '. 2) % 7 # ! E ! ! ( E ! ! ! . 0 E ! # ! . 3) L # 0 \ 3

E ! 3 E ! # ! . 4) % , # 0 \ 5 $ ', E ! E ! =M $ E ! $ #$ ! E ! , . 5) E ! E ! $ =M $ #$

! , ! # . 6) # E ! # - E ! " E ! =M E ! . 7) <# - # ! 8 ! ! ! ! . % ! ! . 8) # E ! # # ! # ! E ! 4 ! ! ! 4 ! E ! . 9) < , ! !"

! # ! ! 8 ! ! ! # ! (0 \ 2) $ '. + + E ! E ! 220

: 1. J =&? 2. ' = > + /? 3. J &? 4. ' ) ) /" & ' !* "%? 5. J %= = &? 6. J / ' && « !- !»? 7. =& ) /" & ' @? 8. ; % ) ) =& (! ' @ (' @? 9. J / ' ' ' ? 10. ; % % & % %) = ! ? 11. J ' ) = @ ! @? 12. ; %! !% =& ' /" & = % = ! ' ! & = + ! , '*? 13. @" = = , '% + = + ! % B!/" & @/" &? 14. J &@" = = , & ( ' !*!/ ' = ? 15. /% @" = = ' & = + ! ?

221

12

ДІЛОВЕ СПІЛКУВАННЯ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ 12.1. Телефонна розмова. 12.2. Телеграфний зв’язок. 12.3. Листування. 12.4. Телеграми. 12.5. Електронна пошта.

12.1. ТЕЛЕФОННА РОЗМОВА L( — # ! ( . = , , - . % ( N . ' 1876 . ! % H $ =M . B ( . T! ( 100 #. + ! . +’

# # # ( !. & - !

( ! # ! . 5( ( . L( , ( , ". L( ! . = ( !, , ! : x %! ; x & ! ! ; x & ; x +" . L( ! !# #. = ! , # # ! $$ ! . ' ( , , " ( , # ($ ! ( !, , , , #, ( ). 222

' # ( ( $ ( $. = ( # !, ! " / # # . O # " " # ! , ! ! , # #

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" # , . L( ! !, #, ! ! , #, . < # $ ,

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( !) 0——1——& = ! . T = ? L , . O ! %" . % . % (). 224

Hello! This is Dakhno. Speaking. Dakhno speaking. Could I help you? This is Dakhno speaking. I want to make a reverse !...charge call to... Spell it, please. Will you spell your name, please? D for Drum, A for Apple, K for Knife, H for notice, O for Orange. Cancel the call. Is that Mr. Smith? Yes, it’s me. I didn’t recognize your voice. Sorry, wrong number. You must have the wrong number. Yes, that’s right.

O ! H * . H , ( = . < = , % (.

I’d like to speak to Mr. Bill Clinton. Would you kindly tell Mr. Smith that he is wanted on the phone? Mr. Smith, you are wanted on the phone. (Mr. Smith, it’s for you) < = , % ( Mr. Smith, Mr. Dakhno is calling. 0 . (Mr. Smith, Mr. Dakhno is on the line) < = , % ( ! Mr. Smith, it’s call from the ) ! Foreign Ministry. . +# . Just a moment! Just a minute! , - Hold on, please. . < 0 . Mr. Dakhno is out. < 0 - Mr. Dakhno will be back two # ! . hours later. +( ! ". Could you call back later? < = , - Just tell Mr. Smith Dakhno ( 0 . called. O !( I’ll call again at five sharp. ’ . (!’). We’ve been cut off (disconnected). O #. I can’t hear you. < , - Put down the receiver, I’ll call (. again. <( . Call me again. ' ( ! ( . (0) «ou». ' =M «zero» «nought». O ( ,

«double three» (33). < : 54679 five four six seven nine 7754 double seven five four 58877 five double eight double seven O , ( ! " ( !. 225

(044) 4944732

ou double four ! four nine double four seven three two. $ % H- nine, nine, nine (999). $

% 77/6 — 8 - Bi double seven stroke (slash)

six dash eight. > # . % ( . = « », ! ! $ . = IX . ! $ " (. T $ : I — 1, V — 5, X — 10, L — 50, C — 100, D — 500, M — 1000. < # !!# . < # ($ ! !!#, # (Roman numerals). , + ' $ «< ! " # » 16 1991 \ 959-XII : nine five nine dash Roman numerals follow eks double ai. ' ( ! # . 05.00 «oh» five hundred hours 10.15 ten quarter, ten fifteen 11.30 eleven thirty 12.45 twelve forty five 15.00 fifteen hundred hours O ’ ! #, !!# : Ten thirty Greenwich Mean Time; eleven hundred Kyiv Mean Time (10.30 ! N #, 11.00 ! $ #). O ! ! , , # !( — ten minutes past the hour ( $- ). 0 — # . 0 "$ $ ! # ( !’ ! , ! : 1. «8». <#" ! , . 2. «10». 5 — !’ ! . 3. $. 226

4. ! $ $. 5. , . * ( ( «10» $ ) " ! # . O # ! ( 5 , !’ . % ! # . O ( #! %, # # ( !’ ! " ( ( ( ! ) . & ( ! # ( !. < ! !. % # # ! - , . 12.2. ТЕЛЕГРАФНИЙ ЗВ’ЯЗОК ЗАГАЛЬНІ ПОНЯТТЯ & ( !’ ! ! 1832—1844 <. E. M , H. =. O (> ) =. )! (=M). L( ! ( ($ . 0 ( ! $ . L( !’ ! !’ ! ! , . <"# ( !’ ! # ( $ ! ! # . 3( #. L# 1866 . % . '

( $ ( . %, ! , ! )!. + #

( $ ! , , . XX . " ( ! ( . 227

" " ( ( . % . ТЕЛЕКС L ( . & # #. L 1900- . <" 1930- . L , , ! # — , #, , #, , . L , # !!# , # . ' , !!# #, ! ! (# ). to test ( ) untested ( ) untested message ( ) 0 !!# ! # : ! — ; ; , ! ! . message date nov 30 91 ( — 30 1991 .) data 5 — 25 07 ( — 25 2007 .) data 5/25/07 ( — 25 2007 .) data 5/25/07 time:15.30 ( — 25 2007 ., # 15.30) O #, # ( — # , !!# # ! $ #. ' , , : attn: marketing dpt (: ) attn: Mr. M. Smith (: ). = ) ' , , # : ref: 518/030 (reference — n518/030 ref your offer nbr 500/7 ( %" ( 500/7) 228

letters of guarantee nos ( 15/10, 15/10, 15/16 15/16) L , . H $ , $, !!# c/o/n/t/i/n/u/a/t/i/o/n ( ), continued (), cont’d ( # continued). & !# final ( ), end ( ). = : 5 of 6. 5 !# ’ , ! " . O , — . , # !" . . Q ! # , !!# «repeat» ! . :»Delegation will arrive by train repeat by train on October 1st» (0 1 ). O # # , #, $ ! «X» «» . : We choll XXX shall order () !). We choll eee shall order. < !# ( . 5 !. O # ! , # ( !!# . % !# ($100, 100, 5%) (one hundred US dollars, one hundred pound sterling’s, five percents). + # «stop». , , !!# # . 5 #. # " : thanks # ; many thanks # ; best regards ( ") ; thanks and regards # ; 229

thank you for your % ! %" cooperation . ' # . ' ! $ " . ! . # " # : a/c, acct amt asap b/c b/ benef (y) bkg corp. bk to bk information b/l caf cif coll dept dd, ddt d/s dt earliest exp f/o l/c msg nbr, no ourtel p/o rept relet t/c t/c

— account ( ); — amount ( ); — as soon as possible ( " , ); — bill of collection ( ); — bill of exchange ( !, ); — beneficiary (( ); — banking corporation ( ); ( ( ); — bill of landing ( ); — cost and freight ( , ); — cost, insurance and freight (!, ( ); — collection ( , ! ); — department ( , ); — dated (); — day shif ( ! ); — date (); — as early as possible ( ", ); — export ( ); — in favor of ( ); — letter of credit ( ); — message ( ); — number (); — our telex (" ); — payment order ( # ); — receipt ( ); — referring to letter ( ); — treveller’s cheque ( # ); — time charter (! #); 230

t/x — telex ( ); urtel — your telex (" ). O ( , # ,

" . ФАКСИМІЛЬНЕ ПОСЛАННЯ (ФАКС) % , ! "( $. < ( #, $ . B !’ ! # $ ! ($ . =# ( " #

" . < # « $ !» 1962 . =>=> =M ( ) = # 1 40 , #! !’ ! ( ! ! =M 0 * . ! ! * H « # », ( !’ ! . &#, # ! #! $ ( !’ ! . B (( ) ! . % " (! ) !!#

( : COVER SHEET — ; HEADING SHEET — # ; HEADER SHEET — ! ; LEADER SHEET — # ; LEAD SHEET — ; ZERO SHEET — . ! !!# ( . 0 !# : 1 to 6 — " ( ) ! "; Page 1 of 6 pages — " ! " ; 6 cover sheet included (excluded) — " , ## ( ##) ; 231

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( $ $. ,

( " ( ! $, , . % , «# — " ». % ! # #. # , ! . 0 . ' # # . , ! ! . # ! , " , 232

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# #, . % # ! # /# . КОНВЕРТ ' # !!# , $ $. # " # !# : Air Mail /AIR MAIL " Express M Urgent L Registered > Private < Private and Confidential < ( Strictly Confidential = ( ' ! , ", $$ ! . ' (#! 1—2 ). % !

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«Mr.»(# ), «Mrs.»( ), «Ms.»( ). T # " ! . = ! $ !. , 3 $ $ E $ " !!# ’ , ! (B B /). 0 ’ # ) # 0 ) $. * " !,

’ () 5!, > " ) "). O # !!#

’ , ! ( B ). ' $ = ! . 3 !. + ! ’ . 0 «» «# ». 5 , $ — 3 3#, % 3 . = ! ( ! , , ! . & ( , ! . O ( , $$ , ! !# «Attention Mr. A. Smith», «attn. Mr. A. Smith». !# «c/o Mr. A. Smith», !# care of Mr. Smith ( . = ). < — . O !" , ! , !" ( , ( " . >" . ># ! , # ! . O ! #, !" !! , 236

! . L «! ». = #. % # , ! $ . , ## # ! ! $ . , ! ! « » ## . 0, $ . ! ! # . ' " ! ! # . O , ! "", !!#. 5 "$ . ' ! , ! — . * !

. ! !-! , , ( !! $, $ « # », , . % !!# . , Twenty five thousand six hundred and thirteen dollars (25 . 613 ; 25,61300). % !# : USD ( =M), GBP(( % $ H $), UAn ( ' $) . 0 !!# : 15th October, 2010; 15th October 2010; 15 October, 2010; October 15, 2010. ! ( , ! $ ! " ! $ . % " , ! ! ( , Re: Your Letter of Credit no… Dated…). % " ! , , . ' # ! . 5 , , # ! . ' " ! - ( ( # ! , ! ). % 237

, , , " ! " . $ # ( ( , " ). > !!# . L "" ! # , $ $ " . < # !!# (, ! , $ ! , , ’ ! ! . ! !!# , . 0 !# : Your Ref: (< ); Our Ref: (< ); Our Reference: (< ); In reply please refer to: ' , ,

... +!# , , ! , . 0 !!# !!# # ! . 5 ! , $$ ( ! ! # . L #, : $ $; $ ( $; # ; ; # ; $ " . L ! # (! " « %"». Yours truly (=M). Yours faithfully sincerely (% H ). < # #! $ . O , ! . = ’ , ! ! , — # . ! , ! ( !: «<" , »). 238

0 ! ! : Dear Sirs Dear Sir} Yours faithfully Dear Sirs / Madam Dear Madam } Yours sincerely Dear Mr… Dear Mrs… Sincerely Dear Miss… Gentlemen } Yours truly Dear Sirs Dear Gentlemen: Very truly yours !. ) " # . . L , " . 5 !!# : Yours sincerely, Q %", Jimmy Carter 0 * For the Manager ! + " ( , , ! . E- , . < # , #. < !!# ’ !, # — , . 0 !!# . <

, ! . L !!# !# «Enclosure» # «Encl». ) !!# , , , . O , , " $ , !!# . 12.4. ТЕЛЕГРАМИ ' ! " #$ !

" ! $ . 3( , , " #, 239

( , ( , , " . L ( #. * ! # — ($ #, ($ . L . ' $$ , , , , ! " . 5( , , !!# . ># ! STOP, !# « ». 12.5. ЕЛЕКТРОННА ПОШТА «& ( ’ » (Oxford Paperback Encyclopedia), # 1997 , $ 464- ": « #! ’ . H ’ " " # ! " # - . 0 , ! # ! ’ , ( . % # ’ ! $ #; " ’, # .» < !!#, «H" G # » ( — . ). < ) 1998 . " . , & E «=# U » 5- , ().; , 1999. — 624 .) ! «/ ", ( $ " !’ ! ». ' !!# ! : / " <" Microsoft " " E + E « », ,

< + ! Windows 240

L ( $ > ! ( netscape: " >! ( * ! ( ! ## " ! ’$ !!# $. = ! $ ! ( " $$ ( .

1. ; % / ' !) * % " @ ( * @) % @, & !/ B % ? 2. ; % % -' % % > +, < !@@" %) %! =+ ' * ’& ? 3. ; / ! * (( = ! B%, ' =@/, %) '! &? 4. ; % / '(! + ! , % < , !()% ' %? 5. ; " & % ! & ' ! % %) + + ' *? 6. ; ' ( & + % " > + % ' ( '! & %% % %?

241

13

МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДІЛОВИЙ ЕТИКЕТ 13.1. Запрошення та прибуття на прийом. 13.2. Поведінка під час прийому. 13.3. Інші аспекти міжнародного ділового етикету.

13.1. ЗАПРОШЕННЯ ТА ПРИБУТТЯ НА ПРИЙОМ < # , $ — # . $ . # " !, ! " . N ! ! $ . +" . <

( !" . O !" ! $ , !!# !!# ’ ! . O !" ! , !!# !" . 3’ ! !" # . L !" ( , , # . O ! , !" !" . 5

!# R. S. V. P. ( (! : «0 , »). % !" ! (, ! !" , " . % !" # ! ! ! # . < !" ’ ! . E" !" , !# . 242

O !" R. S. V. P. ! , !" . , " , , — ". T . ! ( !. ) . J , # , ’ : ; , , ; # !, ! — !; ! , # " ## . 0 # ! . 0 . = . B ! ! " ( . 0 # # # " ! , . # " ! . % " " ! . > # , # ( ! ! ( . < - $ . * . ! . ' . 6 ! # # . , , #. O !" !!# # # ! # , ! ! !!# #. O # , , " . <" 30—40 , # " . < # ! ! . , ! , ! ! . )" " ! " ! , " — . ! 243

. ! ! . + " # ! . 0 $ . $ (=& 6 >") > "> *

#

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<" : " ! — "; " ! — "; , ! ! — , # ; , — , ; , — , !" . + " , ". , # ! ! " , ! # ! . = , ! , . 244

% : " ! — "; " ! — "; " ! — " !; — ; # — . ! # . N " , $ ! #. +# , , , # ! , $ !, !: «< », «< ’- ». ' ! $ : # , ! — . 0 ! ! $ ! ! ( ): « 0 », «( 0 ». 0 ! «» ( $$ ! ). L . L # $$ #. O # ", " , . O , . " ! : # " — # ; ! !# — # ; , # " — , ! !# — ! ; ; ! !" (! $$ !) # — ; # ! , — ! ; ; ! , ; ( ! : "$; # ; ! ! — # , ! $ , ; 245

# ! . ' ! , ! , ! ! . . # , # , . !# , $. 1 #, ! , $$ ! ! . < # #. < # , , !" . * , — , ’ — !, ! . = # , , , . =

, , . , . * — #. # ! ! . , , , # ! , # . # !. 0

" !# . ! «L » # « ». = # , ! . 0 . ' , -! . L $. ' ! . J # . < # ! . ' # . <’ !. = ! . !# ! $ # !. % # ! , ! # , ! ! . # . 3" # # , $ ! #. < " # , !" , $ , !" ! ! . 246

13.2. ПОВЕДІНКА ПІД ЧАС ПРИЙОМУ ( , , $ : ! — () — ! — ’ — — ( — . = ! ! #! 15—20 . E # ! : , ’ , . O ’ , ’ # ’ . <# ! , ’ , . E! . < , , ( . H # , ( " , . $ ! . ! , # . = # ! , , ", ! " . = - . = , " . . E . O # $ ! , "$ . 0 ! " . < # ! $ , , # , $ . < ( . . ) $$ $. < $ . < !-! ( , !#, # % , # ( % $ H $ R! 33 " P N , " ! , !#, ! !# , ( . * # , $$ # $$ ! . P. N !! # ! , ". % !, , , , # , ! ,

$ ( . 247

' !’ ! ! ( ! " ,

## $ — $ , !# , , ( " . , ! ! # " . +!# ( " . < ! # $ , !" . * # , , ! , . L $ . M# $ , , # # $ . O , # , ( . ' # . !! , «» %. E ! . $ # . . 0 #, ! $$ . % , — . < # $ #, " . < # ! ( !) , ", . < ! # $ . # #. O , ! !#$ " # " , - . ' $ !, . * # , . % , # # " # . 4/5 (# ). # " , . ' $ . * , # $ (# ) #, . ) $ , # . < ! !. 0 ! # #. ) " . ) ! ,

, . < # $ ! . < ! # $ !" . 248

O () #" , ! $ . E !. 0 ,

#" # . ) $ ! . = . O ’ , # "# , ! $ , $$ . O ! ! , # , ! . $ . )’ ! "# ! "# . * ’ . $ . * . )’ ! ’ # $ ! . ) . 0 . O $ , $ ! !# . % !# , — $$ $ . = ’ . S # . 1 ! . 0 . < "# . % " $ ! . *, " , ! . <" !!# !, $ . T # # . < ! $$ . E ! # ! . M ! # . & ! . * $ # . * ! " . < $ ! #. = ! " $ . $ . ) , " " . O# $ . 0 ! " . < $ " . = ! !$ # , $ # . N # # # . 249

L $ # , — , # — # # . N # , # " # . O , ( $ ! . M# ! ! # . O " ! ! # # #, $ # $ , "# "# . % ! # . 0 , , # . % . !, !. * # . % ! "# . < # . ' # , . < # ! , !’$# , ! ! " . % ! . O . * # ! # # # . L $ " " , # . = ! ! . 5 " ! ( ), . * ( . % ! "# . . 3" # . $ ! # # . O ! " . , , # " . % " . < # " " " ! 10—15 # . <" " . N " . 3" # " ,

, . # , ! , . T ! ! . = " ! # # . H# ! , " . * # ! . 250

O , !, , . O " ! , ! , , ! . < — #. 0 ! , ! ". L ! " ! . # ! , ! . < " # . > — #. < # , . < # , # !# ", # . 13.3. ІНШІ АСПЕКТИ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ДІЛОВОГО ЕТИКЕТУ ВІЗИТІВКИ H! , # ! ! ( . % ! " ! #. ' $ ! # . > ! ! ! ! . O # ! ", $ !!, $ ! . O ! !! , # ! $$ #, ! , . &# !, ! ! $$ . < # # ! $$ # # . &" ! , # ! " . J ! , $ # — #. L . < # ! . <" # ! # ! (). < ! , ! . , . L$ , ! . 251

' $ # ! " «% », «* », «< ». ' ! # , ! ( . L !# : p.r. — # ; p.f. — ! ; p.f.c. — ! ! !; p.c. — # ; p.p. — !# ; p.f.n.a. — ! ! ; p.p.c. — !’ ! ! # ’$! ! $ . % ! " , ! /# ! ! . " $ ( , «<! ! », «> $ # ! ! " #$ » ). ОДЯГ > " " . ! " . < ! $ # " . E ( # "

( # . T ! . ' $ B $ ’ : ! ; ’ ! B $; ; , , ; ; (. , ( , . S . ' ## " , . 0 . 0 ! . — ! . 252

J 3 $ . < # 3 $, , " ! # # " # # # . 3 ! ! . + ( . 0 . 3 !" . = " !# . 0" 3 $ ! ! . % 3 $ ! ! . % H " ! . >!$ . + % H $ !. $ !. O " $ # ! " , " # . 0 ! # ! ! $ . H ! $ $ !# , , ! !. СУВЕНІРИ 0 ! ! ! , , ( $. ! ! # ! # !. < # "$ ! # . ! # ’ ! . < # ! #. < # — #. % ! ! — $, ! . < ( ( , $$ ! . < # ! ! — «H " — ». " ! " $ $, " . 253

# . # " #! — , ’ , , . < # # . %

" . %# , ! , , . . % ! ! . ' $ ! , $ . < ! # " !# ! , ! . < . < , ! , . % , ! ! # . O ! , , . ! ! . ' $ + $ R ! , # $. E" ’ 3 $. ' B $ , ! . * !!# B $. КОЛЬОРИ . ' ! $ . , # . + ) , $, 3 . + — ! , $. E . % ! , , ! . <! $ — , ! !, . 0 - — . # . % . J > $ " ’ $ " =>=> ! !. 0 ! ! #, ! ( — . = 254

. * #. + " , , . <" , — . = -! ! (! . 0 — ! . < " , — 3!$. H " ) . * . 5 !# ! . 0 $ , ! , .

1. J / ( ! R.S.V.P ! ' * ' %? 2. E & ' % % ) ' ? 3. ; ) @" % ' % ' & !) @? 4. < &! , (! @ ' %!? 5. ; % ) ' % * ) & ' ? 6. ; @" ' % ) % (? 7. ; % ) ( ( @? 8. J / ' *& ' % ? 9. J / !, ' % & ' ! ? 10. ! @" & ' ! — ' ! '= ! ? 11. ; % ) % & & ' ! ?

255

14

УКЛАДАННЯ І ВИКОНАННЯ ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНОГО КОНТРАКТУ 14.1. Форма, структура та предмет зовнішньоторговельного кон тракту. 14.2. Умови поставок товарів та порядок укладання зовнішньото рговельних контрактів. 14.3. Виконання контракту. 14.4. Розгляд спорів за участю іноземних суб’єктів господарю вання. 14.5. Зразок зовнішньоторговельного контракту (англо україномовний).

14.1. ФОРМА, СТРУКТУРА ТА ПРЕДМЕТ

ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНОГО КОНТРАКТУ

' # «+ " # » ! . . . ., (. 3. 3. 0 , 2006 $ «5 #$ », ! 2 «) ». ! ! ! , # ! ! $ . ' «+ " # » ! - !, ! " # . ! ) ' $ 16.03.2006 . \ 98 ! !!# # . % ! ) $ ' $ 30.03.2006 . ! \ 354/12228 «&( ' $», 2006, \ 14. 5: x «< ! ( $) ! " # , $ ! $ ! , # ! $ $ $ ! $$

"$ $»; x «3 ! ( $ $ ! " # , 256

$ ! $ ! , # ! $ $ $ ! $$ "$ $»; x «3 ! ( $ $- ! " # ,

$ ! $ ! , # ! $ $ $ ! $$ "$ $». T# ! ! + ' $ «< » 23 # 2005 . \ 2709-IV. S , ! , «&( ' $», 2005, \ 29. 6 + ' $ «< ! " # » ! " # ( , " # ' $ ! ' $. B ! " #$ !# $$ . ', ! , ! (, ! ' $. B ! " , !" $ ' $, !# ! ' $. Q , , , * && 1980 . $ - # ( ! !

! !, ## ! . 5 !# 11 . ' $ # ( $ * $ ! ! ,

$ ! , ! $ # ( !# . O * && 1980 , < '30>' $ ( ! ! . , #, < ! ! " # , $ # ( !# . O , $ ! " ( ! " # , . + " # ’ ! " #$ . <257

! " # ( ) ! # , , " , # + . 0 $,

! ! ’ ! " #$ ’ ! " #$ ' $, #, ! ’ ! " #$ . 0 ! " # ’ ! " #$ ! - $ , $ ! $, ! , # ! ' $. ' ( ! " #$ , ! ( . L ! " # !# ! . + !# ! ! " # , ’ ! " #$ ! ! " # $ . % + «< ! " # », ! ! , , ! ! " # ! $, !, , : — -; — ; ! — ! ; ( ) — $ ( $); — - ; # — ; — ; — ; # — ; ! — !. 0 ! " # ( ) # , ! ,

- ! $, ! # ( ) !,

". 258

0 ! " # ( ) ! ! $, $ $ , ! . 0 , ! 6 + ' $ «< ! " # », ! ! $, ! # , ! ( ), " !# ! . ' ! !

" , , , $, ! ! ! . < # ! , : , ! , ! ! , ’ ! . & ( , ! ! , ’ ! ! ! ! , !#, . 3 ,

. < ! ! . % , # 2 . 638 5 ' $ ! $ !# # " . 14.2. УМОВИ ПОСТАВОК ТОВАРІВ ТА ПОРЯДОК УКЛАДАННЯ ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНИХ КОНТРАКТІВ < ! " # ( , ! ! , ! . L , ' ! <! ' $ «< ! ) $ » 04.10.1994 . \ 567.94 ’ $ ' $ ( ! " # , , ! ) ! # «3 » \ 460 01.09.1990 ., ) . < ! , ## ’ ! . + - ! " # , . 259

< (, ! . ' # ! " # !# . ' # ! . 5 ! (. " , ! $ , ! . 5 ! . + ' $ !# ! " # ( ! $ ! " # ), ! " # ! - . + - !# 638—654 5 ' $. < # 10 N (N<*) ' $. 3 , , . % , - $ . &, (, ! (. &(, ! , , - ! ! , " , ( !’ ! ! $$ . 14.3. ВИКОНАННЯ КОНТРАКТУ % !’ ! , ! # , , , ! . 5 !" , !’ ! . O ! 5* 1963 . !’ ! , ! ", ! ! , 260

! , ! ! , ! - : * ) ' $, ' ! <! ' $ . % !’ ! $ , , , !" ! # 5 , : !’ ! ( ! $ ); # , #, !’ ! # " ; $ ! # , ! ! ! " ’ ! ; , , ! ! !’ ! . % ! " # , ’ ! ! ' $, . L , - * && 1980 . «< $ - ». % ! * $ !# ’ ! , , !# !

! !’ !. &’ ! ! " # < '30>'. < # , ! ! , < '30>' ! ! , $ <. + ! < ! $ , " # <. < , ’ ! ! , ## , ’ ! ! ! , ! $ ’ ! . < ! " ! #. ! " # , " , !

! — , #$ ", ! ! ! ! ! $ . = 257 5* ' $ ! !$ 261

. + . 258 5* ' $ ! ! : # " ! !. =. 259 5* ' $ " ! ! ! ! ! " !$ . >! ! #. 2 . 259 5 ' $ , ! ! ( ! !$ !) !" !$ . * && ! 14.06.1974 . # , , ! - . = 1 * $ !# , ! , ! $ - , ! ! # . * ! , - ( # $$ ! . O % * 1980 ., * ! - !

: ) , , " , # ! !,

; ) ! ; ) #$ $ " # ! ; ) ( , , !!# , "; ) , " ; ) $. L #, !!#, ! - ! . L !# ! !’ ! , ! ! . &# # ! , !’ ! !’ ! , , !’ ! . % $ !’ ! ! . 262

' # ! " # , ! ! ( , ! . " $ ! $ ! " # . 0 ! $ ! . & ( ) ! " # , ’ ! " #$ ' $, ! ' ! <! ' $ «< ! " # ( ) ' $ » 07.11.1994 . \ 659\94. > $ ! " # , : , # ! ' $ ' $; ! ' $, ' $ # ! ! ; ! ' $, ! ; ! ' $,

" , , ! ! # , ! ; ! ' $, ! ! ! # . ! ) ! " # !’ ! 24.02.1996 . \ 333- ! $ ,

! " # . < «< $ $ ( ) ! # ! », ! < * ) ' $ 30.01.1997 . \ 112 # , " $ $ ! # ! , ’ !$ ! #$ . ) ' $, ) ! " # !’ ! ' $ 0 ' $ $ ! 10.09.1998 . \ 1141574/565 ! ! ( ! ( ( $) ! " # ! , # ! ( $ $ $ $ ! " # . 263

+# " $ ! " # , ! ! " # !’ ! ! $ ’ $ . % # ’ $ 4 N<*, ! ! , ! # ! ’ $ , ! !#$. N , !# , !# # ! 2 # + % $ $ 23.05.1969. ' ! ! , # ! , !# ! 3 # 3 !$ * $. 0, # ! $ <! ' $, «% % $ > ' $», ! % $ > ' $ «N ' $», «&( ' $» «+ # ' $». & ' $ «+ # ' $», !!# $ ( ' $ ! ) ! ' $ ( 14 4 < ) ! ' $, ! ' ! <! ' $ 03.04.1999 . \ 357\99, ! " ! ). ) =>=>, ’ ! ' $

, + =>=>. 14.4. РОЗГЛЯД СПОРІВ ЗА УЧАСТЮ ІНОЗЕМНИХ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ = ! , # ' $ !

" , ! . N , ! " # # 264

" $ ( , ! , !) , " . 5 # !#, " : ) , ) L- ' $ # " ' $ # ! . ! !# ( # ) , ! — , . N " ! ! " # $ , !#, , # ( 3 . 2 * $ ! ! ", -S 10 # 1958 .). ! ! ! 8 + ' $ «< », ! ! 1 $ , ! ! , $ , , - ! ! " $ "$ ! , , !, , # . L , , ! !!# , $ . < 1 # "$ 80 N<* " $ $ # ( ) ! ! ! ! . 14.5. ЗРАЗОК ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНОГО КОНТРАКТУ (АНГЛО"УКРАЇНОМОВНИЙ) *&L>*L \ , # , ! ! ' $, # :

Contract \. Dated from _______, being a juridical entity in accordance with the Laws of Ukraine, residing at this legal address:

265

_______ # =, ______________________, acting in «< », ! , accordance with the Articles of the ___________________________ Company, hereinafter referred to as __________________________ «Buyer», on the one hand, and the Company ________________________ ______ represented ______, hereinafter », ! , ! referred to as «Seller», on the other ! hand, afterwards in this Contract both or =, - separately named as Parties, have : concluded this Contract as described below: 1. 4 4 : 1. General provisions: 1.1. < * - 1.1. The subject of this Contract are , !!# ( $ (0- mass consumption goods as indicated in \ 1) * . the Specification (Addendum \ 1) of this Contract. 1.2. < !’ ! - 1.2. The Seller undertakes to deliver and L, < the Buyer,agrees to accept and pay the L, ! goods described in the Terms and * . Conditions of this Contract. 1.3. L# L , - 1.3. Exact titles and description of the !!# ( - goods. specifications and prices are * , - stipulated in the Specification of this ’ # Contract which are an integral part of * . this Contract. 1.4. < L - 1.4. The right of property passes from < < - the Seller to the Buyer the moment of ! risks transfer in conformity with the ! , # . delivery basis as provided in clause 2.2 2.2. * . of this Contract. 2. 4: 2. Terms of delivery: 2.1. < ! - 2.1. At interpretation of terms and conditions of delivery under this «3 » Contract the Parties will be guided by $ 1990 . «INCOTERMS» in edition of 1990. 2.2. % ! - 2.2. The goods to be supplied under this ! ! Contract are subject to delivery on the FCA (! ! «3 »). basis of FCA (INCOTERMS). 2.3. < ! 2.3. The goods will be delivered in , , separate consignments as it will be ! ! . agreed about by the both Parties. 2.4. $ - 2.4. Names and quantity of the goods to , be shipped within each next consignment , ! ! ! - (shipment) shall be indicated as determi«<» 3. ned in invoices submitted by the Buyer. 2.5. , - 2.5. The Seller provides the Buyer with , < < these documents for each shipment: : — TIR — CORNET-1 original — L -* — 1 ; — International waybill (CMR) — 4 — ) original copies (CMR);

266

— 4 ; — -( — 1 , 1 ; — ( — 1 ; — ( , $ $ — 1 . 2.6. < L !

<: . !#

# . 3.3 . 3. # 4 4: 3.1. L # < < ! , ! ! . = $ $ . , ! , ! ", ! 20 $ . 3.2. 0 !# $ $ $. 3.3. < L < * 20 ! ! $ . 3.4. < !’ ! = , !# * , !# ! , # . 2.2. . 4. 4, 3 : 4.1. O # $ < , ( , <, , ! # . ) !’ ' $ . 5. 44 4 6: 5.1. L ! - . % " ! " !!# ! # ! ! .

— Invoice: 1 original; 1 copy — Packing list: 1 original + 1 copy — Certificate of origin: 1 original — Certificate of manufacturer confirming the quality of each consignment. 2.6. The goods shall be delivered by the Seller within terms and according to the conditions as provided in clause 3.3 of this Contract. 3. Date and time of delivery: 3.1. The Seller delivers the goods to the Buyer in separate consignments, as agreed about between the Parties. The Parties come to a separate agreement concerning each next shipment, names and quantity of the goods to be delivered within 20 days before the shipment in question. 3.2. The date of the international waybill (CMR) submittance is regarded as the date of the delivery. 3.3. The Seller shall deliver the goods to the Buyer within 20 days from the day of application about shipment of a next separate consignment. 3.4. Rights and liabilities of the Parties concerning with deliveries of goods not stipulated in this Contract shall be determined on the delivery base as provided by clause 2.2. of this Contract. 4. Quality: 4.1. The quality of goods delivered shall comply with legislative norms and regulations in force in the country of production, with Certificate of Manufacturer submitted by the Seller, as well as respond to the requirements mentioned in registration certificates issued by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for every kind of merchandises. 5. Packing and marking: 5.1. The goods shall be packed for truck shipment and be shipped on pallets. Internal and external packing of the goods shipped shall correspond with international packing standards and specifications and shall secure safety of the cargo during transportation under condition of proper handling of the cargo.

267

6. , 3 4 4 : 6.1. 5 L ( ( $ (0 \1) # , , . 5 ! ! ! , # ! , ! ! . <. 6.2. % =M ( " # ). 7. 64 1 = 4,: 7.1. < ! , , ! ! ! ! <

< . 7.2. < ! L, , ! 90 , ## , !# . 3.2. * . 7.3. 0

! " ! < < . 8. / 86 6 : 8.1. L ! < < ! , ! ! ( , ! ( , ! — ! ! , ! (CMR). 8.2. <! $, !’ ! ! ( # $ < , ! ! . < < 60 ! *$. < ! # ! ! $ . 8.3. < ! $ .

6. Price and total amount of the Contract: 6.1. The price is fixed in the Specifications (Addendum Nr. 1) and includes the very price of the goods, packing and marking costs. The price can be changed with a mutual written consent between the Parties. In this case the price indicated in the invoice given by the Seller shall be correspondingly adjusted. 6.2. The total Contract amount is as well as prices of individual goods are fixed in US dollars, unless otherwise stipulated in special addenda. 7. Terms of payment: 7.1. The goods to be delivered under this Contract shall be paid for in Euro by means of a bank transfer from the Seller’s account onto the Buyer’s bank account. 7.2. Payment for the goods delivered under this Contract shall be effected within 90 days to begin from the date of delivery determined in accordance with clause 3.2. of this Contract. 7.3. The date of payment for the goods is the date of money transfer from the Buyer» s account to the Seller’s account. 8. Delivery and acceptance of the goods: 8.1. The goods are considered to be delivered by the Seller and accepted by Buyer in respect of their quality according to the specifications provided in the Certificate of Manufacturer: in respect of quantity — according to the number of collies and weight indicated in the international waybill (CMR). 8.2. Any claims arising in connection with non conformity of the actually received quantity of the goods and the quantity specified in a relative invoice should be submitted by the Buyer to the Seller within 60 days from the date when the goods arrived to Kiev. After expiration of the said period no claims will be accepted. 8.3. The Seller is entitled to examine the correctness of a claim on the delivery site.

268

9. P, 47,5: 9.1. ' ! " ! , < # < "( ! 0,1% !$ ! # , " 10% !$ . 9.2. ' ! < ! , ,

# . 7 . < # < ! 0,1% ! # , " 10% !$ # . 10. N- 0, B : 10.1. = ! ! # # $ ’ ! ! , $ , : , . , , $, $, ! # , # " , . 10.2. =, $ ’ ! ! , " ! !" ! . ! ! $ , L- < $ $. 11. B, 0 + *<
9. Penalties: 9.1. In case of a delay in delivery for a period longer than agreed upon by the Parties, the Seller is obliged to pay to the Buyer 0.1% of the value of nondelivered goods for each day of delay, but not more than 10% of the total value of not delivered goods. 9.2. In case of a delay in payment for a period longer than it is stipulated in clause 7 of this Contract, the Buyer shall pay to the Seller a penalty rated at 0.1% of the delayed payment for each day of the delay, but not more than 10% of the total overdue payment. 10. Force Major: 10.1. The Parties will be released from any responsibility for a complete or partial failure to perform their commitments under this Contract if such a non-execution of their commitments under this Contract was anyhow caused by force majeure circumstances, namely: natural disasters, fire. blockades, strikes, hostilities and military actions, revolutions, prohibition of import or export s well as any other circumstances beyond the control of the Parties. 10.2. The Party that was disabled to perform its commitments under this Contract shall immediately notify the other Party of the beginning or termination of the circumstances mentioned above. Confirmative documents issued by the Chamber of Commerce in the country where such circumstances occurred shall serve as a proof of the said circumstances. 11. Arbitration and jurisdiction: 11.1. All disputes and controversies which may arise from this Contract or in connection with this Contract excluding those subject to the jurisdiction of common public courts shall be submitted for examination and judgment to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Court at the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ukraine in Kiev in compliance with the rules and procedures of the said Court. A decision taken by the mentioned Court will be final and definitive for the both Parties.

269

11.2. 5 * # # ! ' $. 12. 2, : 12.1. ' * ’ #. ' ! * # " , ! ( =. 12.2. ' , , !, ! , ’ ! ! $ < , # < , , , ! $ < , #

<. 12.3. 5 * , $ , # . 13. # 4 ,5 4 : 13.1. 0 * # ! # 5- . 13.2. 5 * ! ! # . # . 13.1, " $ !’ ! ! . 14. !/ B 4,34, 4,1 ,: <&*'
11.2. This Contract is subject to interpretation in accordance with the Laws of Ukraine in force. 12. Other terms and conditions: 12.1. Any enclosures and addenda to this Contract are its integral part. Any amendments or supplements are valid only if made in writing and signed by the both Parties. 12.2. All the charges, duties, and taxes, including import duty, VAT, etc, having to do with the execution of this Contract and levied on the territory of the Buyer should be paid by the Buyer. and those taxes, duties and charges levied on the territory of the Seller, should be paid by the Seller. 12.3. This Contract is drawn up in two original copies, each of them in Russian and English. The two copies are legally equal. 13. Term of validity: 13.1. This Contract takes effect the day of signature and keeps in force for 5 years. 13.2. This Contract expires the day of termination as provided by the clause 13.1., but not earlier than the Parties completely carry out their commitments stipulated in this Contract. 14. Legal addresses and bank details of the Parties: AS OF BUYER AS OF SELLER:

1. % , < !@" & ! & & *" % . 2. ; % & % ! > + «A %) ' ' » 23 & 2005 . K 2709-IV? 3. ; % / =&

E ' %) + !'-' )! 1980 . ( ’& + ' "% + B % *" % !? 4. J « !% *" % !»? 270

5. ; '( / > + ( ' & ! & *" % ? 6. J B ='? 7. A=' & ( ’& " *" %% %. 8. A " ! B *" % + &" . 9. #/ =& % *" % . 10. ( ) ! , ( ) )&, " ' .

271

15

МІЖНАРОДНА ПОСЕРЕДНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ 15.1. Сутність та критерії ефективності міжнародної посередниць кої діяльності. 15.2. Показники і методи оцінювання ефективності посередниць кої діяльності в експортноімпортних операціях.

15.1. СУТНІСТЬ ТА КРИТЕРІЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МІЖНАРОД" НОЇ ПОСЕРЕДНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ. ) ! ! - . < - ! $, ’ ! ! , ! # - ! # . ) — " , # !# : ; "

! ; ; ; ! - ; $; ! ; !

# . 0 ( ( , # " ! # # (, !#, ( $ # # ). % ! , ! , ! , ! . O , ! " , # " ! . % ( : 1. B - !# ( ! !$ $ $ , ( - # ! ( , !, , ! !). 272

2. / ! , ’ ! ! ! ( , , , ). 3. 3 ( . L !# !’ ! ( ! , . 4. > ! ! #. , ! ! ! ! ! . ) $ ! : ! ; ; ; ; ! ; ; ; . & $ ! !

! . L ! , ! . >! ! ! . 0 " $, ' !'=". % ! ! ! - . 0 , !# $, # " , . < #. < !’ !

!# . % ' =+ — ! , ! , ! # "$ , ! , , ! . %! . * !" , ( !" ). 0 $ ( ) , !273

. * , ! . +# ! . < # ! , $ . L ! . ' ! ( # ), # " . O ! ( ) $ , ! . % ! , # ! ! , , # , . > ! . 5 ! , , . * ( # # , # , ! . 5 !# ( $ , ! ! . " ' =+ — # $ , ! , " , ! , ! # ! ( ) $. ! , ! ! $ . % # , ! . " , , . R " ' =+ — #! ( , ( ). H , " ( , !’ ! ! . , ! , #. H ( $: !

# . % : ! ! ’ ; ; 274

$ !# ; ! ( . + . >! $ ! $ 0,25 2—3%. H "$ # "$ , ! , ! . 3 — ! # , " — ! . H ! ! , , # . + ! ! ! ( : , , , , ( (( ). L ( # " ! $ ! . %, , ! # . % ( : — (! — ! # ! $ ! ; — ' B% — ! " ! , # # . % ! , , — " ; — %' B% — ! ! ! $ " . % !# ! ! ! , # # ; ! $ , ; , $ ! " ( . 5 ( , . !# " ( " . 5 , # , , " — ; — ' B% — ! ( . % ! ! ! ! # " , # ! ! . < ( . ( !275

, #! $ ! ; — ( B% — ! $ ! , !# ( . % " $ ! , ( ; — (’@ — ( =M, $ " $ , ! $ ! . % ! " ; — — ( , ! $ ! $. & ( : ( . % !: 1) # # ; 2) ; 3) ( ; 4) ; 5) # . ) ’ ! . 3 ! ( ! ! ( , ! ! , ; % %' B% — $ $. % ! ! ! , ! #! . * , " — ’ ! . ( # ! ! . % ! . H ( " ! $. 5 $, ( ( ( , !’ ! ! , ! $ ( ( ! ). % ( ( , # . Q — , " ’ ! : ! $; ( $, , , . +# ! # , " , . S — , !# ( " 276

! # !# , ! , ! # ! !# , ! !# # ! . + ( ! , , ! # 3. 3. 0 «) » (*.: )'<, 2004). < # !!# ! , ! # . &, # ! ! $ - , ! ! ( - , . 5 , ( ! " . /( $ $ ! ( $, !# # ( , # ! , , ! ! ! ! . /( , !!# ! # ! ! !’ ! . 5 ! # ! ( $ , ! #. < ( ! #- $ , ’ ’ ( , #! #$ ( $. N , , ’ ( . < # , ! , , , # ! . 3 !# ! ! ’ ( . $$ ! ! " . & ( ! ! 277

#$ ( $. 5 , # ! ! . 3( #; # , ! $ , !. > ! # ( ! ( , , " " . L #, ( $ $ , !!# " # ! , ( ". < - ! $, ’ ! ! - , ! # # ! #. L ! # — " . % # !# , : " ! , ! ,

, ! - , (, " ! ! ! . %# , ’ , : ( , $$ , ! ( . < ! " , !#

( $ . L , , , ( , ! - $ $. ' !’ ! ! ( $ # ! ( , . 3 !# ( . L ", ! # " . +! ( , : 1. / $ ! ( , ! . O 278

# , #! ! , ! ( , ! . 2. , # ( # #$ $, $

!# ! . 3. %# , ( ! # , ! - #$ ! $, $$ - # ( # . 4. + !# , ! ! ( , # " . 5. 0 # , , $. 6. ' " ! - , ! . 5 , " ! ! , ! . % !# "$ ( -, " , #! ( ! . L #! ( ! ( , , : — ( - # ( , ! ( ; — ( , ! ( $ $; — ( $ , # ! $$ , ! # ! $ $. < ( ! $$ ! ( - # , ! : ! $ ! 5—10 . ' , " # !!# ! $ ! 10 " 3 !; 279

" 2,5%; " !$ " 15%; # ( : " ! ( , . 5 $ ! , ! ! " , $ " !# ( . < ! $ ! , , , , , , $ . % ’ $ . 3 " #, ’ !# , " , , . =’ - $ ( !# # : ! , , ( , , ! $, , . =’ $ ! , # ! ! . + " ! ! . $ !# ", # !" . &# ! — ( , , ’ , . ' !# $ " ' $. + ! , , , # $ " $ !!# -. ! - $ ’ ! ! !# . L- — " " . ' $ , % , =M, O , ##, M # ! . % ' $ - ! #: ! — ! , !" ! " # !’ ! , ! 280

# , ’ ( ( ; ! " — ! $ !, ! ( , ! ’ — ( , ! $ « ». ' !’ ! ! $ $ , ( , ! - $ . = , ,

! ! . 5 ! !

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#-! ;

! # # — , , , , ( , " ’ ( ; $ $ ! $ ’ ;

; !!# $ $ ( $. >! # - " ! , !# $$ ! , , ’ ’ . 15.2. ПОКАЗНИКИ І МЕТОДИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПОСЕРЕДНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ЕКСПОРТНО"ІМПОРТНИХ ОПЕРАЦІЯХ < «( $ $ » ( ! ! ,

! # , ! ! ! , & ! , ! ( $ $ , ! ( $ , , , $ . /( ( . B # ’ — " , !!# ! ! " ! ! ! . ! ( $ ( , ) , !# ( ! $ , ! , ( . 282

! ! ( $ (. 3): 1) ! ! ( $ ; 2) ! ! ( $ ; < ( $ % !

*( ( $ ! , $ ! , "

! , ( $ , "

!

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( – # !

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>. 3. < ! , ! (

&, " ! ( $ ! ! . % ! ! ! " . 3( ! $ ! . ! ! " ! ! ! ! !# ! , #

$ $ ! ! . 0 ( $ # " ! ( : ( $ ! ; $ !# ; ( $ ! ; "

!# ; ( $ ; !!# "; " ; !# ; ( . < # $ $ ! - . + ", ! . %## " # 283

# " ( ! , ! ( $ . 0 ! ( " , ( ) ( ! ! , ! ! . ' ! ( ! , ' ' % ) " ", ! ! ’ ! ! $ " . ' ! ! « » !# ! " ! ( $ () ". L #, ! ! : #, " (; $ $ . < ! # $ !’ ! " ! " , ! " " , . L !# " $ , ! ! $ !’ ! , " . L #, ! : ) ! " ! ; ) #$ $ ! . >! ( !!# # !’ ! " ( . 0 ( ( , " . *( $ ! !’ ! " " # ( , ! ! . + ( " $ !#, # # !’ ! " ! " " # ( , ! # ! , 284

, "$ $ ! . 5 ( ! ! ! ! " ( # #). *( #$ ! , !#, # !’ ! ! ! ! ! # , # " — # $ #$ ! . 5 ( ! ! ! ! # . O # ! # # !’ ! , ! , " ( ( , #). >! ( . < " ! , !

! . *( - ( ( ! $ , # ! # !’ !) !, # # !’ ! , !" - . *( $ ! # # # !’ ! , ! " ! # !’ ! . T " ! ! ! , ". ! ,

! ( , ! $ . *( ( ) ! ( , ! ( # , ! — # . + , ! # ! , ( : ) (), , ; ) ! $. 285

0 ! «» ( : — ( () , ! # ,

, !

" $ # ; — ( ( ) — ! ( # # — ! ; — ( — ! # ! $ , ; — ( ! — ! # ! . («») ( ! . ' ! # ! $ ! ( ! (, , ) ! $$ . ' " ! ! $ # ! $ , — ! $ # ! $ $ ( ) / ( ! " !). 0 ! «» ( : — ( !$ $ ( , , ) — ( $ ) — ! ! ! $ $, ! $; — ( ! $ $ ( ) — !, /! !#$ # ! $ $. 0 !# ( ! ! $ . H- : , ( . ' ! - # ! , 286

# ! # ( . L # ! ! ( # . 5 ( # # , !#, # ! $ !. + " ! ! ! . /( ( $ ! # . + , ! # , ! , $ $ ! , , $ $ ! " ! . *( # ! # . = # ! , # , ! # ! . = ! ! , # , ! ! ! . *( $ ! ! $ ! . *( $ ! ! $ ! . = $ ! ! , # , ! ! ! . = $ ! ! , # , ! ! ! . *( ! . < # , !" ! # #$ ( $ . '!# ! ( ( ( # ). 5 ! ! !$ $, , 287

, # !$ $, ( " . &, ! ! . H! !# ( $ $ ! ! #$ ( . L , ! # ( ! ! (: ///*= = %%.B + %% – %/*=,

(1)

///*= — ! # ( , ; %%.B — ( , ! ! , ; %% — ’ ! ( #) ; %/*= — , . < ! #$ ( (//*=1, //*=2, //*=3) ! : //*=1 = (%%.B + %%) / %/*=; //*=2 = &/*= / =/*=,

(2) (3)

&/*= — " # , ; =/*= — # . //*=3 = [(%%.B + %% – %/*=) / (%%.B + %%) u 100%] u u (%%.B + %%) / */*=,

(4)

//*=3 — ! #$ ( , %; */*= — # # ( , $ $, . < ! ///*= //*=1, //*=2 //*=3 ! $ $ , " ! ///*= ! //*=1 > //*=2, # ! $ $ ! $ $ . + ! , ! ! (, # ( . O ! //*=1 > 1, //*=1 > //=*2, # , " " ! " ! 288

" . < ! //=*3 # ( , # " # ( (4) !, ! , # $ ( !#, ! ! ! ! . &, # " # ( , , # //*=3, " . >! ! #$ (

. < $ : ! ( # !# (L%<) ! ( (L=). 0 $ ! !# L%< ! (: 5= = 5< + /%; /% = %) + %/ = %>/) + %+< + 5<,

(5) (6)

5= — L%< ; 5< — L%< ; /% — L%< ; %) — L%< $ ; %/ — $ L%< $ ; %>/) — L%< ; %+< — !# L%< ; +< — ! , L%< . 0 ! ! (/3)<1 /3)<2) #$ ( L%<: /3)<1 = 5< / 5<,

(7)

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= , , ! ( , , ! . % ! , ( ( # . < ( !# ! # # " ( . = -# # ( , ! ! !!’ ! ( ! ( , $ !#. L !’ ! -# . ) # # # , ( , ! ! # ! ! # ! # (. Q # ! ( , , ! ! !#

! ! # ( . 0 !!# ! # — , ! ! ( " , !# . / ! : !. * , , . < ! ( # ! ! !; # ! ! # ( ( ! . = , , ! # ! ! !, " ! ! ! . * ! ( , ( ! . < ! ! . % !# ! ! ( ( ! . < , !## ( , ! ! ! ! !#

! . Q !# ( , ! ! ! ( # !#

! . 292

< ! ( ! ! ! $ ! !# ! ! . 0 ! ! , !!# ! , $ . < ! ’ ! ! . # ! !!’ ! ! # ! , !# " ( ! # " ! $ ! ( . < ( # . N $ ! #$ ( $. / # ( : !!’ ! $$ !#

, # $ " . L , ! # ! ( $ # $$ ( ". % # ! ( $ . L ! $ , , ! , , ! " — , . L , " ! , ! . % # ! " $ , ( , ( , .

1. %) -' =" ' =. 2. A =" B%. 3. A & ' =" B%. 4. J "? 5. J ? 6. % ' =+. 293

7. " ' =+. 8. R " ' =+. 9. J B (B )? 10. !& % + ! B ' = . 11. A B + , ' ' % ) , + ++ & & %) + ' =" + &" . 12. A % + B ' ! %' !. 13. =@ & %) ' =" ' =.

294

1. R (! . . = # ! ' $ : . — *.: . , 2004. — 252 . 2. R! . . )U . — ).: ! «0" *», 2004. — 283 . 3. . . % # !: ! . — =: 0 , 2004. — 347 . 4. % # !. ) : <. ! . / . . 3. >! . — *.: 0 ; &, 1993. — 447 . 5. %"U . — =U: &, 1994. 6. ; . S. ) !. * : <. ! . . & , >. L # . — *.: %- = $ <# ; &, 2001. — 865 . 7. . . ) ! " #$ : #. . — *.: 5'E, 2002. — 172 . 8. . . ) "G # : '#. ( ). — 1 : &&& «&», 2003. — 384 . 9. . . ) ! " #$ : #. . 3- ., . . — *.: + — <, 2002. — 384 . 10. S = E. ., # ) . ., _ . . )U . — 1.: 0 «J[*», 2004. — 174 . 11. . . > ! " #$ ' $ . — *.: *N, 2003. — 272 . 12. ) ! " #$ : < # / + . &. . *# . — *.: + , 2005. — 493 . 13. )U : '#. . — 4- !. / /. ). ! , . . M, . 0. J .; < . . G. ., (. /. ). ! . — *.: )5%& )& ' U, =, 2005. — 344 . 14. & $ : #. — 2- ., . . / + . P. N. *! , . *. E $. *. 3. > " . — *.: 5 #$ , 2005. — 656 . 15. A . ., ;% . . = ( ) # !: L

. #. . — *.: *$. . .- . -, 1998. — 328 . 295

16. A@* . S., % " . Q., R . . ) . — 0 : %3*, 2004. — 235 . 17. #!( & `. $. ' "G # . — ).: *, 1998. — 448 . 18. = !. # / % . . . . ., (. B. B. H. — J: << «>», 2004. — 498 . 19. = «< ! " #$ ! ' $ ». =! ! . — *.: 5 «3 (-/ », 1998 ( # ). 20. . _., ! " E. ., S=" . . % # !: #. . — *.: 0 ; , 2002. — 476 . 21. ! " . ., ! " . ., . . ) ! " #$ : , , : #. ( ). — L : . 2005. — 464 . 22. ' ! " # : #. / + . . 3. * : <. ! . . * . *. =. — *.: %3>->, , 2000. — 448 . 23. U $. . ) : # !- $. — *.: */', 2004. — 400 . 24. ;% . . = ( ) # ! $ ! ( -# ). — *.: 0/3 ) ' $, 2001. — 274 .

296

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26 26 33 38

# 3. *,6 44 0, < ,\ =, 1,2, 4 ( . . $3*, . >. *3, . . ,84). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.1. * ! " # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.2. ) ! " #$ . . . . . . . . . 48 # 4. ,234,/ ,6*3, 3 4 5 , 4 1B\3 ( . . $3*, . >. #*, 4, . . ,84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.1. = ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.2. + ! ' $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 # 5. ,*3, 4,/, 1 (. >. &,*3/34 , . . >* 4). . 5.1. = , ( (

# ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2. *( # ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3. - !!# # ! ' $ $ ( . . . . . . . . . . . .

76 76 78 81

# 6. $+-*, * 5= *3 1 4 ,0 5 +,*, ( . . A 34 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.1. L- — ! . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.2. L- ' $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 6.3. *$ - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 # 7. $ , B,0, ( . . $3*, . . " =, . . ,84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1. *( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2. & ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3. =# ' $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112 112 115 126

# 8. $ 1 B1/6 1,23-4,/5 ,6*3 , (. >. &,*3/34 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1. > ! " # . . . . 8.2. & !. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3. H! . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4. ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5. * $ ! . . . . . . . . 8.6. ' $ !

133 133 137 142 146 149 152

# 9. 8 + (. . #4*348, . . ,84) . . . . . 9.1. = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2. * ' $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3. * ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163 163 169 172

# 10. B,0 6 B’\4 , *5 * , 8+ 1 /6 *6 0 1,234,/5 ,6*3 , (. . " =) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1. ) ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2. + ! # . . . . . . . . . . 10.3. + ! # . . . . . . . . . . .

177 177 178 183

# 11. ,71 6 B’\4 , , *4 *35 * , (. . " =) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1. * ( ! $ . 11.2. ) ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3. License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4. E ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

190 190 195 196 209

# 12. ",* ,*4 6 +*,834< < (. . " =). . 12.1. L( ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2. L( !’ ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4. L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5. / " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

222 222 227 232 239 240

# 13. ,0 8 ,*8 4 (. . ,84) . . . . . 13.1. +" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2. < # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.3. 3" . . . . . . . . . # 14. 4* 6 , 4 6 1,23 +*3+ 4 4 (. . 4, . . ,84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1. B, ! " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2. ' ! " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3. % . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4. >! ! # ! ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5. +! ! " ( $). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

242 242 247 251 256 256 259 260 264 265

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