The Confessions of Saint Augustine (Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition)

THE CONFESSIONS OF SAINT AUGUSTINE WEBSTER'S KOREAN THESAURUS EDITION

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Augustine

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

The Confessions of Saint Augustine Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Augustine

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com The Confessions of Saint Augustine: Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-91336-4

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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR ........................................................................................ 1 BOOK I ........................................................................................................................... 2 BOOK II ........................................................................................................................ 19 BOOK III ....................................................................................................................... 28 BOOK IV ....................................................................................................................... 41 BOOK V ........................................................................................................................ 58 BOOK VI ....................................................................................................................... 74 BOOK VII...................................................................................................................... 93 BOOK VIII................................................................................................................... 113 BOOK IX..................................................................................................................... 132 BOOK X ...................................................................................................................... 153 BOOK XI..................................................................................................................... 190 BOOK XII.................................................................................................................... 212 BOOK XIII................................................................................................................... 236 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................. 266

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-Korean thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of The Confessions of Saint Augustine by Augustine was edited for three audiences. The first includes Korean-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or Korean speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in Korean in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in Korean or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in Korean, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. 1

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

BOOK

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Great art Thou, O Lord, and greatly to be praised; great is Thy power, and Thy wisdom infinite. And Thee would man praise; man, but a particle of Thy creation; man, that bears about him his mortality, the witness of his sin, the witness that Thou resistest the proud: yet would man praise Thee; he, but a particle of Thy creation. Thou awakest us to delight in Thy praise; for Thou madest us for Thyself, and our heart is restless, until it repose in Thee. Grant me, Lord, to know and understand which is first, to call on Thee or to praise Thee? and, again, to know Thee or to call on Thee? for who can call on Thee, not knowing Thee? for he that knoweth Thee not, may call on Thee as other than Thou art. Or, is it rather, that we call on Thee that we may know Thee? but how shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? or how shall they believe without a preacher? and they that seek the Lord shall praise Him: for they that seek shall find Him, and they that find shall praise Him. I will seek Thee, Lord, by calling on Thee; and will call on Thee, believing in Thee; for to us hast Thou been preached. My faith, Lord, shall call on Thee, which Thou hast given me, wherewith Thou hast inspired me, through the Incarnation of Thy Son, through the ministry of the Preacher. And how shall I call upon my God, my God and Lord, since, when I call for Him, I shall be calling Him to myself? and what room is there within me, whither my God can come into me? whither can God come into me, God who

Korean believing: 믿음이 있는, 백문이 불여 일견, 보는것보다 확실한 것은 없다, 빈음, 신앙심 있는. hast: 단수. infinite: 무한의, 막대한, 끝없는, 무한대, 부정의, 부정형의, 무한한 공간, 무한량, 완전무결한, 무한, 무수한. particle: 불변화사, 미분자, 미량, 질점, 접두사, 조각, 작은 조각, 입자, 분자.

praise: 칭찬, 찬미, 칭찬하다, 숭배하다, 칭찬할 만한 사람, 칭찬할 만한 물건, 신을 숭배하다, 찬미하다, 찬양하다, 찬양, 신을 찬미하다. preacher: 설교자, 목사. repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식, 두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면, 걸다, 조화. restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 활동적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게

하는, 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지 않은. sin: 잘못, 죄, 칠죄종, 짓다, 위반, 저지르다, 벌받을 일, 죄를 짓다, 사인, 신. thou: 너는, 네가, 달러, 당신은, 천개, 파운드. wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것으로, 그것을 가지고. whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 가는 곳.

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made heaven and earth? is there, indeed, O Lord my God, aught in me that can contain Thee? do then heaven and earth, which Thou hast made, and wherein Thou hast made me, contain Thee? or, because nothing which exists could exist without Thee, doth therefore whatever exists contain Thee? Since, then, I too exist, why do I seek that Thou shouldest enter into me, who were not, wert Thou not in me? Why? because I am not gone down in hell, and yet Thou art there also. For if I go down into hell, Thou art there. I could not be then, O my God, could not be at all, wert Thou not in me; or, rather, unless I were in Thee, of whom are all things, by whom are all things, in whom are all things? Even so, Lord, even so. Whither do I call Thee, since I am in Thee? or whence canst Thou enter into me? for whither can I go beyond heaven and earth, that thence my God should come into me, who hath said, I fill the heaven and the earth.% Do the heaven and earth then contain Thee, since Thou fillest them? or dost Thou fill them and yet overflow, since they do not contain Thee? And whither, when the heaven and the earth are filled, pourest Thou forth the remainder of Thyself? or hast Thou no need that aught contain Thee, who containest all things, since what Thou fillest Thou fillest by containing it? for the vessels which Thou fillest uphold Thee not, since, though they were broken, Thou wert not poured out. And when Thou art poured out on us, Thou art not cast down, but Thou upliftest us; Thou art not dissipated, but Thou gatherest us. But Thou who fillest all things, fillest Thou them with Thy whole self? or, since all things cannot contain Thee wholly, do they contain part of Thee? and all at once the same part? or each its own part, the greater more, the smaller less? And is, then one part of Thee greater, another less? or, art Thou wholly every where, while nothing contains Thee wholly? What art Thou then, my God? what, but the Lord God? For who is Lord but the Lord? or who is God save our God? Most highest, most good, most potent, most omnipotent; most merciful, yet most just; most hidden, yet most present; most beautiful, yet most strong, stable, yet incomprehensible; unchangeable, yet all-changing; never new, never old; all-renewing, and bringing age upon the proud, and they know it not; ever working, ever at rest; still gathering, yet

Korean aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다, 어떤 일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든. dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된, 난봉부리는, 난봉피우는. dost: 직설법, 현재. doth: 현재형, 직설법. hath: 직설법, 현재. incomprehensible: 무한한, 불가해한, 무한한것, 이해할 수 없는, 이해할수 없는. merciful: 자비로운.

omnipotent: 전능의, 전능의 신. overflow: 범람, 충만, 범람하다, 넘치다, 배수로, 에서 넘치다, 유출, 넘쳐흐름, 남아 돌아가다, 과다, 가장자리로 넘치게 하다. potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는, 성적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로 영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이 있는. thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터.

unchangeable: 변하지 않는, 불변의. uphold: 받치다, 시인하다, 확인하다, 후원하다, 고무하다, 단언하다, 들어 올리다, 유지하다, 지지하다. wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거. whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

nothing lacking; supporting, filling, and overspreading; creating, nourishing, and maturing; seeking, yet having all things. Thou lovest, without passion; art jealous, without anxiety; repentest, yet grievest not; art angry, yet serene; changest Thy works, Thy purpose unchanged; receivest again what Thou findest, yet didst never lose; never in need, yet rejoicing in gains; never covetous, yet exacting usury. Thou receivest over and above, that Thou mayest owe; and who hath aught that is not Thine? Thou payest debts, owing nothing; remittest debts, losing nothing. And what had I now said, my God, my life, my holy joy? or what saith any man when he speaks of Thee? Yet woe to him that speaketh not, since mute are even the most eloquent.% Oh! that I might repose on Thee! Oh! that Thou wouldest enter into my heart, and inebriate it, that I may forget my ills, and embrace Thee, my sole good! What art Thou to me? In Thy pity, teach me to utter it. Or what am I to Thee that Thou demandest my love, and, if I give it not, art wroth with me, and threatenest me with grievous woes? Is it then a slight woe to love Thee not? Oh! for Thy mercies’ sake, tell me, O Lord my God, what Thou art unto me. Say unto my soul, I am thy salvation. So speak, that I may hear. Behold, Lord, my heart is before Thee; open Thou the ears thereof, and say unto my soul, I am thy salvation. After this voice let me haste, and take hold on Thee. Hide not Thy face from me. Let me die—lest I die—only let me see Thy face. Narrow is the mansion of my soul; enlarge Thou it, that Thou mayest enter in. It is ruinous; repair Thou it. It has that within which must offend Thine eyes; I confess and know it. But who shall cleanse it? or to whom should I cry, save Thee? Lord, cleanse me from my secret faults, and spare Thy servant from the power of the enemy. I believe, and therefore do I speak. Lord, Thou knowest. Have I not confessed against myself my transgressions unto Thee, and Thou, my God, hast forgiven the iniquity of my heart? I contend not in judgment with Thee, who art the truth; I fear to deceive myself; lest mine iniquity lie unto itself. Therefore I contend not in judgment with Thee; for if Thou, Lord, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall abide it?

Korean cleanse: 청결하게 하다, 고치다, 씻어 깨끗이 하다, 세척하다, 숙청하다, 씻다, 제거하다, 청결히 하다, 깨끗이 하다, 정화하다. covetous: 몹시 탐내는, 탐욕스러운, 열망하는. deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다, 사기하다. enlarge: 넓어지다, 퍼지다, 확대하다, 부연하다, 상세하게 설명하다, 석방하다, 크게 하다, 확장하다.

exacting: 힘드는, 가혹한, 고된, 강제로 징수하는, 엄격한, 쓰라린, 착취적인. inebriate: 대주가, 취하게하다, 취한, 모주망태, 술꾼, 술에 취한. iniquity: 부정, 부정행위, 죄악, 죄, 불법. nourishing: 자양분이 많은, 자양이 되는, 영양이 되는. owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 기인하는.

rejoicing: 기쁨, 환호, 환희, 축하, 축하하여, 환호하여, 환락, 축연. ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된. usury: 고리 대금업, 고리, 고리 대금, 고리 대금 업, 엄청나게 비싼 이자. woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 슬프도다, 고생, 불행. wroth: 노하여, 사납게 날뛰는, 격노하여.

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Yet%suffer me to speak unto Thy mercy, me, dust and ashes. Yet suffer me to speak, since I speak to Thy mercy, and not to scornful man. Thou too, perhaps, despisest me, yet wilt Thou return and have compassion upon me. For what would I say, O Lord my God, but that I know not whence I came into this dying life (shall I call it?) or living death. Then immediately did the comforts of Thy compassion take me up, as I heard (for I remember it not) from the parents of my flesh, out of whose substance Thou didst sometime fashion me. Thus there received me the comforts of woman’s milk. For neither my mother nor my nurses stored their own breasts for me; but Thou didst bestow the food of my infancy through them, according to Thine ordinance, whereby Thou distributest Thy riches through the hidden springs of all things. Thou also gavest me to desire no more than Thou gavest; and to my nurses willingly to give me what Thou gavest them. For they, with a heaven-taught affection, willingly gave me what they abounded with from Thee. For this my good from them, was good for them. Nor, indeed, from them was it, but through them; for from Thee, O God, are all good things, and from my God is all my health. This I since learned, Thou, through these Thy gifts, within me and without, proclaiming Thyself unto me. For then I knew but to suck; to repose in what pleased, and cry at what offended my flesh; nothing more. Afterwards I began to smile; first in sleep, then waking: for so it was told me of myself, and I believed it; for we see the like in other infants, though of myself I remember it not. Thus, little by little, I became conscious where I was; and to have a wish to express my wishes to those who could content them, and I could not; for the wishes were within me, and they without; nor could they by any sense of theirs enter within my spirit. So I flung about at random limbs and voice, making the few signs I could, and such as I could, like, though in truth very little like, what I wished. And when I was not presently obeyed (my wishes being hurtful or unintelligible), then I was indignant with my elders for not submitting to me, with those owing me no service, for not serving me; and avenged myself on them by tears. Such have I learnt infants to be from observing them; and that I was myself such, they, all unconscious, have shown me better than my nurses who knew it.

Korean according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여. bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다, 간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다, 증여하다, 저장하다, 묵게 하다, 부여하다. compassion: 동정, 연민, 측은히 여김, 동정심. elders: 선배. hurtful: 해로운. indignant: 분개한, 성난. infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소,

요람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에, 유년시대. mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민. ordinance: 법령, 의식. riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산, 풍부. scornful: 경멸하다, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 경멸, 경멸하는, 비웃는, 깔보는, 냉소적인. sometime: 언제가 조만간, 이전, 이따금, 이따금의, 이전의, 언젠가,

어떤 때에. suck: 빨다, 흡수하다, 한 번 빨기, 빨아들이다, 빨기흡인력, 얻다, 착취하다, 홀짝 빨아들이다, 한 번 핥기, 실망, 에게 젖을 먹이다. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로. waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상. willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히. wilt: 이울다, 시들다, 청고병, 풀이 죽다, 이울게 하다, 장승병, 약하게 하다.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

And, %lo! my infancy died long since, and I live. But Thou, Lord, who for ever livest, and in whom nothing dies: for before the foundation of the worlds, and before all that can be called “before,” Thou art, and art God and Lord of all which Thou hast created: in Thee abide, fixed for ever, the first causes of all things unabiding; and of all things changeable, the springs abide in Thee unchangeable: and in Thee live the eternal reasons of all things unreasoning and temporal. Say, Lord, to me, Thy suppliant; say, all-pitying, to me, Thy pitiable one; say, did my infancy succeed another age of mine that died before it? was it that which I spent within my mother’s womb? for of that I have heard somewhat, and have myself seen women with child? and what before that life again, O God my joy, was I any where or any body? For this have I none to tell me, neither father nor mother, nor experience of others, nor mine own memory. Dost Thou mock me for asking this, and bid me praise Thee and acknowledge Thee, for that I do know? I acknowledge Thee, Lord of heaven and earth, and praise Thee for my first rudiments of being, and my infancy, whereof I remember nothing; for Thou hast appointed that man should from others guess much as to himself; and believe much on the strength of weak females. Even then I had being and life, and (at my infancy’s close) I could seek for signs whereby to make known to others my sensations. Whence could such a being be, save from Thee, Lord? Shall any be his own artificer? or can there elsewhere be derived any vein, which may stream essence and life into us, save from thee, O Lord, in whom essence and life are one? for Thou Thyself art supremely Essence and Life. For Thou art most high, and art not changed, neither in Thee doth to-day come to a close; yet in Thee doth it come to a close; because all such things also are in Thee. For they had no way to pass away, unless Thou upheldest them. And since Thy years fail not, Thy years are one to-day. How many of ours and our fathers’ years have flowed away through Thy “to-day,” and from it received the measure and the mould of such being as they had; and still others shall flow away, and so receive the mould of their degree of being. But Thou art still the same, and all things of tomorrow, and all beyond, and all of yesterday, and all behind it, Thou hast done to-day. What is it to me, though any comprehend not this? Let him also rejoice and say,

Korean abide: 지탱하다, 살다, 머무르다, 기다리다, 참고 견디다, 지속하다, 머물다, 달게 받다, 규칙을 엄수하다, 각오하고 기다리다, 따르다. artificer: 제작가, 기술가, 장색, 장인, 기술자. changeable: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한, 가변서의, 변경할 수 잇는, 변하기쉬운, 여러가지 색으로 변화해 보이는, 여러 가지 색 으로 변화해 보이는, 가변성의.

comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함축하다. pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은. rejoice: 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 축하하다, 향유하다, 가지고 있다, 좋아하다, 을 누리고 있다, 즐기다, 괴상한 이름을 가지고 있다. rudiments: 징조. suppliant: 탄원하는, 애원하는 듯한, 탄원자, 탄원하는 듯한. supremely: 지상으로, 최고로, 주권을

가져서, 극도로. temporal: 시간의, 현세의, 관자놀이의, 측두골, 때의, 순간적인, 세속의, 때를 나타내는, 속세의, 세속적인 일, 세속적인 것. unreasoning: 이성적으로 생각하지 않는, 사리에 맞지 않는. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. womb: 자궁, 사물이 발생하는 곳, 사물이 성장 하는 곳.

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What thing is this? Let him rejoice even thus! and be content rather by not discovering to discover Thee, than by discovering not to discover Thee.% Hear, O God. Alas, for man’s sin! So saith man, and Thou pitiest him; for Thou madest him, but sin in him Thou madest not. Who remindeth me of the sins of my infancy? for in Thy sight none is pure from sin, not even the infant whose life is but a day upon the earth. Who remindeth me? doth not each little infant, in whom I see what of myself I remember not? What then was my sin? was it that I hung upon the breast and cried? for should I now so do for food suitable to my age, justly should I be laughed at and reproved. What I then did was worthy reproof; but since I could not understand reproof, custom and reason forbade me to be reproved. For those habits, when grown, we root out and cast away. Now no man, though he prunes, wittingly casts away what is good. Or was it then good, even for a while, to cry for what, if given, would hurt? bitterly to resent, that persons free, and its own elders, yea, the very authors of its birth, served it not? that many besides, wiser than it, obeyed not the nod of its good pleasure? to do its best to strike and hurt, because commands were not obeyed, which had been obeyed to its hurt? The weakness then of infant limbs, not its will, is its innocence. Myself have seen and known even a baby envious; it could not speak, yet it turned pale and looked bitterly on its foster-brother. Who knows not this? Mothers and nurses tell you that they allay these things by I know not what remedies. Is that too innocence, when the fountain of milk is flowing in rich abundance, not to endure one to share it, though in extremest need, and whose very life as yet depends thereon? We bear gently with all this, not as being no or slight evils, but because they will disappear as years increase; for, though tolerated now, the very same tempers are utterly intolerable when found in riper years. Thou, then, O Lord my God, who gavest life to this my infancy, furnishing thus with senses (as we see) the frame Thou gavest, compacting its limbs, ornamenting its proportions, and, for its general good and safety, implanting in it all vital functions, Thou commandest me to praise Thee in these things, to confess unto Thee, and sing unto Thy name, Thou most Highest. For Thou art

Korean abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유복. allay: 누그러뜨리다, 가라앉히다, 진정시키다, 완화하다. commands: 명령. confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 자공하다, 공언하다. endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다,

허용하다. envious: 부러워하는, 시기하는, 시기심이 강한. furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구의 설비, 가구. habits: 버릇, 습관. implanting: 꽂아 넣고 있는. intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한, 참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는. justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게. reproof: 비난, 질책, 잔소리, 견책,

꾸지람, 다시 방수가공하다, 비난의 말, 의 교정쇄를 다시 내다, 책망. resent: 원망하다, 분개하다, 에 골내다, 을 분개하다, 괘씸하게 생각하다, 화내다. thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시. wittingly: 고의로, 의식하고. yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇게 높은, 네.

8

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

God, %Almighty and Good, even hadst Thou done nought but only this, which none could do but Thou: whose Unity is the mould of all things; who out of Thy own fairness makest all things fair; and orderest all things by Thy law. This age then, Lord, whereof I have no remembrance, which I take on others’ word, and guess from other infants that I have passed, true though the guess be, I am yet loth to count in this life of mine which I live in this world. For no less than that which I spent in my mother’s womb, is it hid from me in the shadows of forgetfulness. But if I was shapen in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me, where, I beseech Thee, O my God, where, Lord, or when, was I Thy servant guiltless? But, lo! that period I pass by; and what have I now to do with that, of which I can recall no vestige? Passing hence from infancy, I came to boyhood, or rather it came to me, displacing infancy. Nor did that depart,—(for whither went it?)—and yet it was no more. For I was no longer a speechless infant, but a speaking boy. This I remember; and have since observed how I learned to speak. It was not that my elders taught me words (as, soon after, other learning) in any set method; but I, longing by cries and broken accents and various motions of my limbs to express my thoughts, that so I might have my will, and yet unable to express all I willed, or to whom I willed, did myself, by the understanding which Thou, my God, gavest me, practise the sounds in my memory. When they named any thing, and as they spoke turned towards it, I saw and remembered that they called what they would point out by the name they uttered. And that they meant this thing and no other was plain from the motion of their body, the natural language, as it were, of all nations, expressed by the countenance, glances of the eye, gestures of the limbs, and tones of the voice, indicating the affections of the mind, as it pursues, possesses, rejects, or shuns. And thus by constantly hearing words, as they occurred in various sentences, I collected gradually for what they stood; and having broken in my mouth to these signs, I thereby gave utterance to my will. Thus I exchanged with those about me these current signs of our wills, and so launched deeper into the stormy intercourse of human life, yet depending on parental authority and the beck of elders.

Korean accents: 신문. beck: 손짓, 고갯짓, 끄덕임, 시내. beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다. boyhood: 소년기, 소년사회, 소년들. countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지. forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀, 망각.

guiltless: 모르는, 경험 없는, 죄없는, 갖지않은, 죄가 없는. lo: 보라. longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대, 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다, 그리움 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시 그리워하는. loth: 싫은, 싫어하여. nought: 영, 조금도 ...않다, 무, 보잘것없는 사람, 보잘것없는 물건. remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상, 추억, 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의 범위,

유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를 묻는 전언. speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, 말하지 않는, 이루 형언할 수 없는. stormy: 폭풍우의, 소란스러운, 날씨가 험악한, 격렬한, 폭풍우 같은. vestige: 흔적, 발자취, 퇴화 기관, 극히 조금, 발자국, 아주 조금, 자취, 흔적 기관. willed: 의 의지가 있는.

Augustine

9

O God my God, what miseries and mockeries did I now experience, when obedience to my teachers was proposed to me, as proper in a boy, in order that in this world I might prosper, and excel in tongue-science, which should serve to the “praise of men,” and to deceitful riches. Next I was put to school to get learning, in which I (poor wretch) knew not what use there was; and yet, if idle in learning, I was beaten. For this was judged right by our forefathers; and many, passing the same course before us, framed for us weary paths, through which we were fain to pass; multiplying toil and grief upon the sons of Adam. But, Lord, we found that men called upon Thee, and we learnt from them to think of Thee (according to our powers) as of some great One, who, though hidden from our senses, couldest hear and help us. For so I began, as a boy, to pray to Thee, my aid and refuge; and broke the fetters of my tongue to call on Thee, praying Thee, though small, yet with no small earnestness, that I might not be beaten at school. And when Thou heardest me not (not thereby giving me over to folly), my elders, yea my very parents, who yet wished me no ill, mocked my stripes, my then great and grievous ill.% Is there, Lord, any of soul so great, and cleaving to Thee with so intense affection (for a sort of stupidity will in a way do it); but is there any one who, from cleaving devoutly to Thee, is endued with so great a spirit, that he can think as lightly of the racks and hooks and other torments (against which, throughout all lands, men call on Thee with extreme dread), mocking at those by whom they are feared most bitterly, as our parents mocked the torments which we suffered in boyhood from our masters? For we feared not our torments less; nor prayed we less to Thee to escape them. And yet we sinned, in writing or reading or studying less than was exacted of us. For we wanted not, O Lord, memory or capacity, whereof Thy will gave enough for our age; but our sole delight was play; and for this we were punished by those who yet themselves were doing the like. But elder folks’ idleness is called “business”; that of boys, being really the same, is punished by those elders; and none commiserates either boys or men. For will any of sound discretion approve of my being beaten as a boy, because, by playing a ball, I made less progress in studies which I was to learn, only that, as a man, I might play more unbeseemingly? and what else did

Korean deceitful: 거짓의, 기만적인, 속이는, 사기의. devoutly: 경건하게, 독실하게, 성실하게, 열정적으로, 절실히, 충심으로. earnestness: 열심. excel: 능가하다, 뛰어나다, 빼어나다. fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히, 하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은, 부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는. framed: 틀에 낀.

grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게 하는, 한탄할 만한. idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지 않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭 없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고 보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다. idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만, 놀고지냄. obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배.

prosper: 번영하다, 을 번영시키다, 사업 따위가 번영하다, 번영시키다. stupidity: 어리석음, 우둔, 어리석은 언동, 어리석은 짓, 얼빠진 언동, 얼빠짐. toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 이룩하다. wretch: 불운한 사람, 나쁜놈, 철면피, 놈, 가련한 사람.

10

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

he%who beat me? who, if worsted in some trifling discussion with his fellowtutor, was more embittered and jealous than I when beaten at ball by a playfellow? And yet, I sinned herein, O Lord God, the Creator and Disposer of all things in nature, of sin the Disposer only, O Lord my God, I sinned in transgressing the commands of my parents and those of my masters. For what they, with whatever motive, would have me learn, I might afterwards have put to good use. For I disobeyed, not from a better choice, but from love of play, loving the pride of victory in my contests, and to have my ears tickled with lying fables, that they might itch the more; the same curiosity flashing from my eyes more and more, for the shows and games of my elders. Yet those who give these shows are in such esteem, that almost all wish the same for their children, and yet are very willing that they should be beaten, if those very games detain them from the studies, whereby they would have them attain to be the givers of them. Look with pity, Lord, on these things, and deliver us who call upon Thee now; deliver those too who call not on Thee yet, that they may call on Thee, and Thou mayest deliver them. As a boy, then, I had already heard of an eternal life, promised us through the humility of the Lord our God stooping to our pride; and even from the womb of my mother, who greatly hoped in Thee, I was sealed with the mark of His cross and salted with His salt. Thou sawest, Lord, how while yet a boy, being seized on a time with sudden oppression of the stomach, and like near to death—Thou sawest, my God (for Thou wert my keeper), with what eagerness and what faith I sought, from the pious care of my mother and Thy Church, the mother of us all, the baptism of Thy Christ, my God and Lord. Whereupon the mother my flesh, being much troubled (since, with a heart pure in Thy faith, she even more lovingly travailed in birth of my salvation), would in eager haste have provided for my consecration and cleansing by the health-giving sacraments, confessing Thee, Lord Jesus, for the remission of sins, unless I had suddenly recovered. And so, as if I must needs be again polluted should I live, my cleansing was deferred, because the defilements of sin would, after that washing, bring greater

Korean cleansing: 정화, 깨끗이 하는, 깨끗이 함, 깨끗이함, 쓸어버린 쓰레기, 후산, 정화하는, 죄를 씻음, 청소, 청결. consecration: 헌신, 봉헌, 신성화, 헌당, 정진, 정화, 축성, 성변화, 성직서품식, 헌당식. detain: 말리다, 억류하다, 붙들다, 감금하다, 구류하다, 유치하다, 을 못가게 붙들다. eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심. embittered: 화내게 하는, 쓰라리게

하는, 비참하게 하는. haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함. herein: 여기에, 이런 까닭으로, 이속에. humility: 겸손, 겸허. itch: 가려움, 가렵다, 근질근질하다, 참을수 없는, 하고 싶어 좀이 쑤시다, 갈망, 못견디다, 열망, 옴, 욕망, 가려운. lovingly: 애정을 기울여.

remission: 경감, 면제, 용서, 사면, 완화, 진정, 특사, 풀림, 형기 단축, 송금, 누그러짐. salted: 소금에 절인, 염분이 있는, 경험있는, 노련한, 면역된, 소금으로 간을 맞춘, 숙련된, 순화된, 속임수를 쓴, 풍토에 익숙해진. trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소한, 게으른. worsted: 소모사, 소모직물, 털실, 털실의, 털실로 만든, 소모사제의.

Augustine

11

and more perilous guilt. I then already believed: and my mother, and the whole household, except my father: yet did not he prevail over the power of my mother’s piety in me, that as he did not yet believe, so neither should I. For it was her earnest care that Thou my God, rather than he, shouldest be my father; and in this Thou didst aid her to prevail over her husband, whom she, the better, obeyed, therein also obeying Thee, who hast so commanded.% I beseech Thee, my God, I would fain know, if so Thou willest, for what purpose my baptism was then deferred? was it for my good that the rein was laid loose, as it were, upon me, for me to sin? or was it not laid loose? If not, why does it still echo in our ears on all sides, “Let him alone, let him do as he will, for he is not yet baptised?” but as to bodily health, no one says, “Let him be worse wounded, for he is not yet healed.” How much better then, had I been at once healed; and then, by my friends’ and my own, my soul’s recovered health had been kept safe in Thy keeping who gavest it. Better truly. But how many and great waves of temptation seemed to hang over me after my boyhood! These my mother foresaw; and preferred to expose to them the clay whence I might afterwards be moulded, than the very cast, when made. In boyhood itself, however (so much less dreaded for me than youth), I loved not study, and hated to be forced to it. Yet I was forced; and this was well done towards me, but I did not well; for, unless forced, I had not learnt. But no one doth well against his will, even though what he doth, be well. Yet neither did they well who forced me, but what was well came to me from Thee, my God. For they were regardless how I should employ what they forced me to learn, except to satiate the insatiate desires of a wealthy beggary, and a shameful glory. But Thou, by whom the very hairs of our head are numbered, didst use for my good the error of all who urged me to learn; and my own, who would not learn, Thou didst use for my punishment—a fit penalty for one, so small a boy and so great a sinner. So by those who did not well, Thou didst well for me; and by my own sin Thou didst justly punish me. For Thou hast commanded, and so it is, that every inordinate affection should be its own punishment.

Korean baptism: 세례, 침례, 첫 출전, 괴로운 시련, 화형에 의한 순교, 순교, 세례식. beggary: 거지 생활, 패거리, 극빈, 거지신세, 거지, 거지 사회. deferred: 거치한, 연기한, 연기된. earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한성실, 엄숙한, 계약금. guilt: 죄, 비행, 유죄, 죄의식. inordinate: 과도한, 무절제한, 지나친,

난폭한. insatiate: 만족할 줄 모르는. perilous: 위험한. piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공손. prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다, 유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다. punish: 혼내주다, 벌하다, 호되게 해치우다, 응징하다, 사람을 벌하다, 죄를 벌하다, 상대방을 혼내주다. rein: 고삐, 제어하다, 자유를 주다,

억제, 속력을 늦추다, 그만두다, 권력, 고삐로 다루다, 제어의 수단, 견제, 보통 가죽으로 만든 고삐. satiate: 물리게 하다, 물릴 정도로 주다, 충분히 마족시키다, 싫증나게 하다, 만족스런, 만족시키다. shameful: 부끄러운, 창피한, 고약한, 잡스러운. sinner: 죄인, 개구쟁이. therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데에.

12

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

But why did I so much hate the Greek, which I studied as a boy? I do not yet fully know. For the Latin I loved; not what my first masters, but what the socalled grammarians taught me. For those first lessons, reading, writing and arithmetic, I thought as great a burden and penalty as any Greek. And yet whence was this too, but from the sin and vanity of this life, because I was flesh, and a breath that passeth away and cometh not again? For those first lessons were better certainly, because more certain; by them I obtained, and still retain, the power of reading what I find written, and myself writing what I will; whereas in the others, I was forced to learn the wanderings of one Aeneas, forgetful of my own, and to weep for dead Dido, because she killed herself for love; the while, with dry eyes, I endured my miserable self dying among these things, far from Thee, O God my life.% For what more miserable than a miserable being who commiserates not himself; weeping the death of Dido for love to Aeneas, but weeping not his own death for want of love to Thee, O God. Thou light of my heart, Thou bread of my inmost soul, Thou Power who givest vigour to my mind, who quickenest my thoughts, I loved Thee not. I committed fornication against Thee, and all around me thus fornicating there echoed “Well done! well done!” for the friendship of this world is fornication against Thee; and “Well done! well done!” echoes on till one is ashamed not to he thus a man. And for all this I wept not, I who wept for Dido slain, and “seeking by the sword a stroke and wound extreme,” myself seeking the while a worse extreme, the extremest and lowest of Thy creatures, having forsaken Thee, earth passing into the earth. And if forbid to read all this, I was grieved that I might not read what grieved me. Madness like this is thought a higher and a richer learning, than that by which I learned to read and write. But now, my God, cry Thou aloud in my soul; and let Thy truth tell me, “Not so, not so. Far better was that first study.” For, lo, I would readily forget the wanderings of Aeneas and all the rest, rather than how to read and write. But over the entrance of the Grammar School is a vail drawn! true; yet is this not so much an emblem of aught recondite, as a cloak of error. Let not those, whom I

Korean aloud: 큰 소리로, 똑똑히, 소리 내어. arithmetic: 산수, 계산, 셈본, 초등수학, 산수의 능력, 산수의. emblem: 상징, 상징적인 무늬, 상징적인 문장, 의 표징이 되다, 전형. forbid: 금하다, 허락지않다, 금지하다, 방해하다, 하는 일이 절대로 없기를. forgetful: 잊고, 잘 잊는, 망각시키는, 게을리하기 쉬운, 잊기 쉬운. fornication: 간음, 사통, 우상숭배. forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한.

grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈. inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음 깊은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이 간직한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의, 가장 깊은속의. recondite: 숨겨진, 난해한, 심원한, 알기 어려운, 심오한. vail: 떨어뜨리다, 모자를 벗다, 벗다, 내리다, 머리를 숙이다, 숙이다. vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영, 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것,

휴대용 화장품 상자. vigour: 정력, 활기, 힘, 구속력. weep: 울다, 흘리다, 눈물을 흘리다, 슬퍼하다, 스며 나오게 하다, 물방울이 듣다, 비탄하다, 스며내다, 에 눈물을 흘리다, 물기를 내뿜다, 가지를 축 늘어뜨리다. weeping: 드리우는, 가지가 휘늘어진, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울 흘리는, 눈물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어 나오는, 스며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 울음.

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no longer fear, cry out against me, while I confess to Thee, my God, whatever my soul will, and acquiesce in the condemnation of my evil ways, that I may love Thy good ways. Let not either buyers or sellers of grammar-learning cry out against me. For if I question them whether it be true that Aeneas came on a time to Carthage, as the poet tells, the less learned will reply that they know not, the more learned that he never did. But should I ask with what letters the name “Aeneas” is written, every one who has learnt this will answer me aright, as to the signs which men have conventionally settled. If, again, I should ask which might be forgotten with least detriment to the concerns of life, reading and writing or these poetic fictions? who does not foresee what all must answer who have not wholly forgotten themselves? I sinned, then, when as a boy I preferred those empty to those more profitable studies, or rather loved the one and hated the other. “One and one, two”; “two and two, four”; this was to me a hateful singsong: “the wooden horse lined with armed men,” and “the burning of Troy,” and “Creusa’s shade and sad similitude,” were the choice spectacle of my vanity.% Why then did I hate the Greek classics, which have the like tales? For Homer also curiously wove the like fictions, and is most sweetlyvain, yet was he bitter to my boyish taste. And so I suppose would Virgil be to Grecian children, when forced to learn him as I was Homer. Difficulty, in truth, the difficulty of a foreign tongue, dashed, as it were, with gall all the sweetness of Grecian fable. For not one word of it did I understand, and to make me understand I was urged vehemently with cruel threats and punishments. Time was also (as an infant) I knew no Latin; but this I learned without fear or suffering, by mere observation, amid the caresses of my nursery and jests of friends, smiling and sportively encouraging me. This I learned without any pressure of punishment to urge me on, for my heart urged me to give birth to its conceptions, which I could only do by learning words not of those who taught, but of those who talked with me; in whose ears also I gave birth to the thoughts, whatever I conceived. No doubt, then, that a free curiosity has more force in our learning these things, than a frightful enforcement. Only this enforcement restrains the rovings of that freedom, through Thy laws, O my God, Thy laws, from the master’s cane to the

Korean acquiesce: 묵종하다, 동의하다, fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다, 동의하는 것. 우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기, aright: 바르게, 정확히. 줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸 boyish: 소년의, 소년 같은, 여자 이야기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민 아이가 같은. 이야기. classics: 고전. foresee: 예견하다, 미리알다. conventionally: 진부하게, frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 인습적으로, 판에 박은 듯이. 아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 지독한. 소침한, 지독히. hateful: 미운, 싫은, 증오에 찬, detriment: 손해, 상해. 지긋지긋한, 가증스런, 가증스러운,

미워할만한. singsong: 즉흥 노래 대회, 단조롭게 노래하다, 단조로운, 엉터리 시, 억양이 없는 목소리로 읽다, 억양이 없는 목소리로 이야기하다, 단조로운 가락의 시가, 합창회. sportively: 화려하게, 장난쳐, 변종으로, 까불어. sweetness: 아름다움, 친절, 방향, 단맛, 유쾌, 감미로움, 신선, 부드러움, 단 맛, 신선함, 사랑스러움.

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martyr’s trials, being able to temper for us a wholesome bitter, recalling us to Thyself from that deadly pleasure which lures us from Thee. Hear, Lord, my prayer; let not my soul faint under Thy discipline, nor let me faint in confessing unto Thee all Thy mercies, whereby Thou hast drawn me out of all my most evil ways, that Thou mightest become a delight to me above all the allurements which I once pursued; that I may most entirely love Thee, and clasp Thy hand with all my affections, and Thou mayest yet rescue me from every temptation, even unto the end. For lo, O Lord, my King and my God, for Thy service be whatever useful thing my childhood learned; for Thy service, that I speak, write, read, reckon. For Thou didst grant me Thy discipline, while I was learning vanities; and my sin of delighting in those vanities Thou hast forgiven. In them, indeed, I learnt many a useful word, but these may as well be learned in things not vain; and that is the safe path for the steps of youth.% But woe is thee, thou torrent of human custom! Who shall stand against thee? how long shalt thou not be dried up? how long roll the sons of Eve into that huge and hideous ocean, which even they scarcely overpass who climb the cross? Did not I read in thee of Jove the thunderer and the adulterer? both, doubtless, he could not be; but so the feigned thunder might countenance and pander to real adultery. And now which of our gowned masters lends a sober ear to one who from their own school cries out, “These were Homer’s fictions, transferring things human to the gods; would he had brought down things divine to us!” Yet more truly had he said, “These are indeed his fictions; but attributing a divine nature to wicked men, that crimes might be no longer crimes, and whoso commits them might seem to imitate not abandoned men, but the celestial gods.” And yet, thou hellish torrent, into thee are cast the sons of men with rich rewards, for compassing such learning; and a great solemnity is made of it, when this is going on in the forum, within sight of laws appointing a salary beside the scholar’s payments; and thou lashest thy rocks and roarest, “Hence words are learnt; hence eloquence; most necessary to gain your ends, or maintain opinions.” As if we should have never known such words as “golden

Korean adulterer: 간부, 샛서방. celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은. clasp: 껴안다, 죔쇠, 악수, 포옹, 에 휘감기다, 꽉 쥐다, 꼭 쥐다, 버클, 걸쇠, 전투 기장, 쥠. eloquence: 웅변, 웅변술, 웅변법, 유창한 이야기, 유창한 화술. feigned: 거짓의, 가공의, 가장된,

꾸민, 허위의. hellish: 가증한, 소름끼치는, 지옥같은, 가증스런, 지옥과 같은. imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다, 모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다, 모사하다, 위조하다. overpass: 육교, 못보고 넘기다, 넘다, 고가 도로, 능가하다, 구름다리, 빠뜨리다, 강 따위를 건너다, 견디어 내다, 한계를 넘다, 건너다. pander: 나쁜일의 알선을 하다, 나쁜

짓을 주선하다, 매춘을 주선하다, 여자를 주선하는 남자, 주선하다. shalt: 직설법 현재. solemnity: 의식, 장엄, 엄숙, 점잔뺌, 정식, 점잔 뺌. thunderer: 벼락 같은 소리를 지르는 사람, 뇌신, 호통치는 사람, 고함치는 사람, 일대경세지. wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한.

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shower,” % “lap,” “beguile,” “temples of the heavens,” or others in that passage, unless Terence had brought a lewd youth upon the stage, setting up Jupiter as his example of seduction. “Viewing a picture, where the tale was drawn, Of Jove’s descending in a golden shower To Danae’s lap a woman to beguile.” And then mark how he excites himself to lust as by celestial authority: “And what God? Great Jove, Who shakes heaven’s highest temples with his thunder, And I, poor mortal man, not do the same! I did it, and with all my heart I did it.” Not one whit more easily are the words learnt for all this vileness; but by their means the vileness is committed with less shame. Not that I blame the words, being, as it were, choice and precious vessels; but that wine of error which is drunk to us in them by intoxicated teachers; and if we, too, drink not, we are beaten, and have no sober judge to whom we may appeal. Yet, O my God (in whose presence I now without hurt may remember this), all this unhappily I learnt willingly with great delight, and for this was pronounced a hopeful boy. Bear with me, my God, while I say somewhat of my wit, Thy gift, and on what dotages I wasted it. For a task was set me, troublesome enough to my soul, upon terms of praise or shame, and fear of stripes, to speak the words of Juno, as she raged and mourned that she could not “This Trojan prince from Latinum turn.”

Korean descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향의. hopeful: 유망한, 희망적인, 희망에 찬, 우승을 노리는 선수, 유력 후보, 유망한 사람. intoxicated: 취하다, 흥분한, 술취한, 도취된. lewd: 음탕한, 호색의. lust: 육욕, 열망, 색정, 강한 욕망, 갈망, 열망하다, 색욕을 일으키다, 갈망하다.

mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것. pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한. seduction: 부추기다, 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하다, 남을 유혹하는 것, 유혹. sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한, 취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은 정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을

가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다. thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통, 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림, 천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다, 요란한 소리를 내다. troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운, 말썽부리는. unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도. whit: 조금, 미소, 성령 강림 대축일.

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Which words I had heard that Juno never uttered; but we were forced to go astray in the footsteps of these poetic fictions, and to say in prose much what he expressed in verse. And his speaking was most applauded, in whom the passions of rage and grief were most preeminent, and clothed in the most fitting language, maintaining the dignity of the character. What is it to me, O my true life, my God, that my declamation was applauded above so many of my own age and class? is not all this smoke and wind? and was there nothing else whereon to exercise my wit and tongue? Thy praises, Lord, Thy praises might have stayed the yet tender shoot of my heart by the prop of Thy Scriptures; so had it not trailed away amid these empty trifles, a defiled prey for the fowls of the air. For in more ways than one do men sacrifice to the rebellious angels.% But what marvel that I was thus carried away to vanities, and went out from Thy presence, O my God, when men were set before me as models, who, if in relating some action of theirs, in itself not ill, they committed some barbarism or solecism, being censured, were abashed; but when in rich and adomed and well-ordered discourse they related their own disordered life, being bepraised, they gloried? These things Thou seest, Lord, and holdest Thy peace; longsuffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth. Wilt Thou hold Thy peace for ever? and even now Thou drawest out of this horrible gulf the soul that seeketh Thee, that thirsteth for Thy pleasures, whose heart saith unto Thee, I have sought Thy face; Thy face, Lord, will I seek. For darkened affections is removal from Thee. For it is not by our feet, or change of place, that men leave Thee, or return unto Thee. Or did that Thy younger son look out for horses or chariots, or ships, fly with visible wings, or journey by the motion of his limbs, that he might in a far country waste in riotous living all Thou gavest at his departure? a loving Father, when Thou gavest, and more loving unto him, when he returned empty. So then in lustful, that is, in darkened affections, is the true distance from Thy face. Behold, O Lord God, yea, behold patiently as Thou art wont how carefully the sons of men observe the covenanted rules of letters and syllables received from those who spake before them, neglecting the eternal covenant of everlasting salvation received from Thee. Insomuch, that a teacher or learner of

Korean abashed: 부끄러워. astray: 타락하여, 길을잃어, 길을 잃다. barbarism: 미개, 야만, 조야, 조야한 행동, 포학, 막된 거동, 상말, 파격적인 말, 야만인, 이방인. behold: 보다. covenanted: 계약한. declamation: 낭독법, 음악 음창조, 웅변을 토함, 연설법, 낭독, 연설. disordered: 혼란된, 병에 걸린,

고장난. everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사. insomuch: 만큼, 의 정도로, 이므로. long-suffering: 참을성 있는, 참을성 있음. lustful: 음탕한, 색골의, 호색의, 원기 왕성한. plenteous: 많은, 풍부한, 윤택한, 수많은.

preeminent: 현저한, 발군의, 뛰어난. riotous: 분방한, 폭동의, 폭동을 일으키는, 굉장히 재미있는, 떠들썩한, 소란스러운, 술마시고 떠드는, 크게 히트한. solecism: 예법에 어긋남, 잘못, 문법위반, 문법 위반, 어법 위반. well-ordered: 질서가 잡힌. whereon: 그 위에, 무엇 위에. wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한.

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the hereditary laws of pronunciation will more offend men by speaking without the aspirate, of a “uman being,” in despite of the laws of grammar, than if he, a “human being,” hate a “human being” in despite of Thine. As if any enemy could be more hurtful than the hatred with which he is incensed against him; or could wound more deeply him whom he persecutes, than he wounds his own soul by his enmity. Assuredly no science of letters can be so innate as the record of conscience, “that he is doing to another what from another he would be loth to suffer.” How deep are Thy ways, O God, Thou only great, that sittest silent on high and by an unwearied law dispensing penal blindness to lawless desires. In quest of the fame of eloquence, a man standing before a human judge, surrounded by a human throng, declaiming against his enemy with fiercest hatred, will take heed most watchfully, lest, by an error of the tongue, he murder the word “human being”; but takes no heed, lest, through the fury of his spirit, he murder the real human being.% This was the world at whose gate unhappy I lay in my boyhood; this the stage where I had feared more to commit a barbarism, than having committed one, to envy those who had not. These things I speak and confess to Thee, my God; for which I had praise from them, whom I then thought it all virtue to please. For I saw not the abyss of vileness, wherein I was cast away from Thine eyes. Before them what more foul than I was already, displeasing even such as myself? with innumerable lies deceiving my tutor, my masters, my parents, from love of play, eagerness to see vain shows and restlessness to imitate them! Thefts also I committed, from my parents’ cellar and table, enslaved by greediness, or that I might have to give to boys, who sold me their play, which all the while they liked no less than I. In this play, too, I often sought unfair conquests, conquered myself meanwhile by vain desire of preeminence. And what could I so ill endure, or, when I detected it, upbraided I so fiercely, as that I was doing to others? and for which if, detected, I was upbraided, I chose rather to quarrel than to yield. And is this the innocence of boyhood? Not so, Lord, not so; I cry Thy mercy, my God. For these very sins, as riper years succeed, these very sins are transferred from tutors and masters, from nuts and balls and sparrows, to magistrates and kings, to gold and manors and slaves, just as severer

Korean abyss: 심연, 혼돈, 지옥, 나락, 끝없이 깊은 구렁. aspirate: 기음의, 음을 넣어 발음하다, 기식음의, 기식음으로 발음하다, 기식음의-기식음으로 발음하다, 대기음, 기식음. blindness: 맹목, 눈이 멀음, 무분별. conquered: 패자, 피정복자. displeasing: 불쾌한, 싫은, 불유쾌한. enmity: 적의, 증오. enslaved: 노예로 만드는.

greediness: 탐욕. heed: 주의, 조심, 조심하다, 유의하다, 주의하다. lawless: 무법의, 누를 수 없는, 법률없는, 법률이 없는, 법률이 행해지지 않는. offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다,

과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 하다. preeminence: 발군, 탁월, 걸출. restlessness: 차분하지 못함. throng: 군중, 쇄도하다, 혼잡, 모여들다, 중압, 에 모여들다, 많은 것의 집합, 떼를 지어 모이다, 가득 메우다. unwearied: 지치지 않은, 끈덕진, 불굴의. watchfully: 주의깊게, 조심스럽게.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

punishments%displace the cane. It was the low stature then of childhood which Thou our King didst commend as an emblem of lowliness, when Thou saidst, Of such is the kingdom of heaven. Yet, Lord, to Thee, the Creator and Governor of the universe, most excellent and most good, thanks were due to Thee our God, even hadst Thou destined for me boyhood only. For even then I was, I lived, and felt; and had an implanted providence over my well-being—a trace of that mysterious Unity whence I was derived; I guarded by the inward sense the entireness of my senses, and in these minute pursuits, and in my thoughts on things minute, I learnt to delight in truth, I hated to be deceived, had a vigorous memory, was gifted with speech, was soothed by friendship, avoided pain, baseness, ignorance. In so small a creature, what was not wonderful, not admirable? But all are gifts of my God: it was not I who gave them me; and good these are, and these together are myself. Good, then, is He that made me, and He is my good; and before Him will I exult for every good which of a boy I had. For it was my sin, that not in Him, but in His creatures—myself and others—I sought for pleasures, sublimities, truths, and so fell headlong into sorrows, confusions, errors. Thanks be to Thee, my joy and my glory and my confidence, my God, thanks be to Thee for Thy gifts; but do Thou preserve them to me. For so wilt Thou preserve me, and those things shall be enlarged and perfected which Thou hast given me, and I myself shall be with Thee, since even to be Thou hast given me.

Korean admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할 만한. baseness: 천함, 서출, 치사함, 속팀, 열등, 조악, 하등, 비열, 가짜. cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기, 매질하다, 등나무로 만들다, 등나무 무리, 가볍고 가는 지팡이, 대, 유리막대, 매로 치다, 등. commend: 추천하다, 칭찬하다, 권하다, 기리다, 맡기다, 위탁하다. deceived: 사기하는. destined: 예정된, 운명지어진, 향하는.

entireness: 완전, 순수, 무결, 완전 무결. exult: 무척기뻐하다, 크게 기뻐하다. gifted: 타고난 재능이 있는, 천부의 재주가 있는, 수재의, 매우 머리가 좋은, 천부의 재능이 있는. guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는. hated: 미워하는. headlong: 거꾸로, 곧바로, 성급한, 무모하게, 거꾸로의, 곤두박이의.

ignorance: 무식, 무지, 모르고 있음. inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, 마음의, 수입의. lowliness: 비천함, 다라움, 자기를 낮춤, 겸양, 겸손. providence: 섭리, 장래에 대한 배려, 신의 뜻, 신조, 검약, 선견, 하나님, 천우, 신의. stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장, 성장도.

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BOOK II

I%will now call to mind my past foulness, and the carnal corruptions of my soul; not because I love them, but that I may love Thee, O my God. For love of Thy love I do it; reviewing my most wicked ways in the very bitterness of my remembrance, that Thou mayest grow sweet unto me (Thou sweetness never failing, Thou blissful and assured sweetness); and gathering me again out of that my dissipation, wherein I was torn piecemeal, while turned from Thee, the One Good, I lost myself among a multiplicity of things. For I even burnt in my youth heretofore, to be satiated in things below; and I dared to grow wild again, with these various and shadowy loves: my beauty consumed away, and I stank in Thine eyes; pleasing myself, and desirous to please in the eyes of men. And what was it that I delighted in, but to love, and be loved? but I kept not the measure of love, of mind to mind, friendship’s bright boundary: but out of the muddy concupiscence of the flesh, and the bubblings of youth, mists fumed up which beclouded and overcast my heart, that I could not discern the clear brightness of love from the fog of lustfulness. Both did confusedly boil in me, and hurried my unstayed youth over the precipice of unholy desires, and sunk me in a gulf of flagitiousnesses. Thy wrath had gathered over me, and I knew it not. I was grown deaf by the clanking of the chain of my mortality, the punishment of the pride of my soul, and I strayed further from Thee, and Thou lettest me alone, and I was tossed about, and wasted, and dissipated, and I boiled

Korean blissful: 행복한, 더없이 행복한. brightness: 환함, 머리가 좋음, 빛남. carnal: 육체의, 현세적인, 육욕적인, 육감적인, 속세의, 물질적인. concupiscence: 색욕, 정욕, 탐욕, 음욕, 욕정, 욕망, 현세욕. confusedly: 지리멸렬하게, 어찌할 바를 몰라, 뒤범벅으로, 당황하여, 혼란스럽게. desirous: 원하는, 바라는. dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉,

소실, 기분전환, 산재. foulness: 부정, 불결, 악랄, 입이 상스러움, 불결물, 불결한것, 사나움, 입이 더러움, 불결한 것. fumed: 암모니아로 찐. heretofore: 이제 까지, 지금까지, 현재 까지, 지금 까지, 이때까지. multiplicity: 다양성, 중복, 다수. overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다, 어두워지다, 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게 하다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨, 구름으로

뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이 흐린. piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기. pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는. precipice: 절벽, 벼랑. satiated: 충분히 만족한, 물린. strayed: 길을 잃는. unholy: 사악한, 신성치 않은, 무서운, 신성하지 않은, 신앙심 없는. wrath: 격노, 복수, 벌.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

over in my fornications, and Thou heldest Thy peace, O Thou my tardy joy! Thou then heldest Thy peace, and I wandered further and further from Thee, into more and more fruitless seed-plots of sorrows, with a proud dejectedness, and a restless weariness.% Oh! that some one had then attempered my disorder, and turned to account the fleeting beauties of these, the extreme points of Thy creation! had put a bound to their pleasureableness, that so the tides of my youth might have cast themselves upon the marriage shore, if they could not be calmed, and kept within the object of a family, as Thy law prescribes, O Lord: who this way formest the offspring of this our death, being able with a gentle hand to blunt the thorns which were excluded from Thy paradise? For Thy omnipotency is not far from us, even when we be far from Thee. Else ought I more watchfully to have heeded the voice from the clouds: Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh, but I spare you. And it is good for a man not to touch a woman. And, he that is unmarried thinketh of the things of the Lord, how he may please the Lord; but he that is married careth for the things of this world, how he may please his wife. To these words I should have listened more attentively, and being severed for the kingdom of heaven’s sake, had more happily awaited Thy embraces; but I, poor wretch, foamed like a troubled sea, following the rushing of my own tide, forsaking Thee, and exceeded all Thy limits; yet I escaped not Thy scourges. For what mortal can? For Thou wert ever with me mercifully rigorous, and besprinkling with most bitter alloy all my unlawful pleasures: that I might seek pleasures without alloy. But where to find such, I could not discover, save in Thee, O Lord, who teachest by sorrow, and woundest us, to heal; and killest us, lest we die from Thee. Where was I, and how far was I exiled from the delights of Thy house, in that sixteenth year of the age of my flesh, when the madness of lust (to which human shamelessness giveth free licence, though unlicensed by Thy laws) took the rule over me, and I resigned myself wholly to it? My friends meanwhile took no care by marriage to save my fall; their only care was that I should learn to speak excellently, and be a persuasive orator.

Korean alloy: 합금, 섞음질, 비급속, 섞음질하다, 품질을 떨어뜨리다, 합금하다, 품위, 품위-합금하다, 덜다, 합금에 쓰는 비금속, 합금이 되다. attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게. blunt: 날 없는, 무디어지다, 날이무딘, 들지 않는-무디게하다, 둔하게 하다, 무뚝뚝한, 퉁명스러운, 둔하게 되다, 들지 않는, 무디게하다, 무딘. fleeting: 덧없는, 무상한, 잠깐 동안의,

어느덧 지나가는, 빨리 지나가는, 빨리지나가는. fruitless: 열매를 맺지 않는, 결실하지 않는, 보람없는, 효과 없는, 보람 없는. heal: 고치다, 낫다, 낫게하다, 회복되다, 화해시키다. lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지나 않을까 하고. mercifully: 관대히, 자비롭게, 고맙게도, 다행히도, 인정 많게,

다행히. orator: 연설자, 웅변가. persuasive: 동기, 설득력 있는, 유인, 설득력이 있는. sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, 고생. tardy: 더딘, 느린, 늦은, 지각, 내키지 않는, 지각한. unlicensed: 방종한, 면허없는. unmarried: 미혼의.

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For that year were my studies intermitted: whilst after my return from Madaura (a neighbour city, whither I had journeyed to learn grammar and rhetoric), the expenses for a further journey to Carthage were being provided for me; and that rather by the resolution than the means of my father, who was but a poor freeman of Thagaste. To whom tell I this? not to Thee, my God; but before Thee to mine own kind, even to that small portion of mankind as may light upon these writings of mine. And to what purpose? that whosoever reads this, may think out of what depths we are to cry unto Thee. For what is nearer to Thine ears than a confessing heart, and a life of faith? Who did not extol my father, for that beyond the ability of his means, he would furnish his son with all necessaries for a far journey for his studies’ sake? For many far abler citizens did no such thing for their children. But yet this same father had no concern how I grew towards Thee, or how chaste I were; so that I were but copious in speech, however barren I were to Thy culture, O God, who art the only true and good Lord of Thy field, my heart.% But while in that my sixteenth year I lived with my parents, leaving all school for a while (a season of idleness being interposed through the narrowness of my parents’ fortunes), the briers of unclean desires grew rank over my head, and there was no hand to root them out. When that my father saw me at the baths, now growing towards manhood, and endued with a restless youthfulness, he, as already hence anticipating his descendants, gladly told it to my mother; rejoicing in that tumult of the senses wherein the world forgetteth Thee its Creator, and becometh enamoured of Thy creature, instead of Thyself, through the fumes of that invisible wine of its self-will, turning aside and bowing down to the very basest things. But in my mother’s breast Thou hadst already begun Thy temple, and the foundation of Thy holy habitation, whereas my father was as yet but a Catechumen, and that but recently. She then was startled with a holy fear and trembling; and though I was not as yet baptised, feared for me those crooked ways in which they walk who turn their back to Thee, and not their face. Woe is me! and dare I say that Thou heldest Thy peace, O my God, while I wandered further from Thee? Didst Thou then indeed hold Thy peace to me?

Korean baths: 입욕, 목욕, 목욕탕, 온천. bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉. chaste: 순결한, 정숙한, 품위 있는, 난잡하지 않은, 고아한, 담박한, 세련된, 수수한, 순수한, 점잖은, 간소한. copious: 풍부한, 내용이 풍부한, 많은, 말수가많은, 말이 많은, 자세히 서술하는, 막대한. enamoured: 매혹된.

extol: 칭찬하다, 격찬하다, 찬양하다. furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비하다. gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히. habitation: 거주, 주소, 주택. manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자. narrowness: 세밀, 편협, 좁은, 궁핍,

협량, 협소, 면밀, 좁음, 궁굅. self-will: 아집, 고집, 억지. tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함, 소란, 소요, 격동. unclean: 더러운, 부정한, 불결한, 사악한 외설한, 맹졸하지 못한, 순결하지 못한, 먹지 못하게 금지된, 명확하지 못한. whosoever: 누구나, 도대체 누가, 도대체 누구를. youthfulness: 젊음, 발랄함, 팔팔함.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

And whose but Thine were these words which by my mother, Thy faithful one, Thou sangest in my ears? Nothing whereof sunk into my heart, so as to do it. For she wished, and I remember in private with great anxiety warned me, “not to commit fornication; but especially never to defile another man’s wife.” These seemed to me womanish advices, which I should blush to obey. But they were Thine, and I knew it not: and I thought Thou wert silent and that it was she who spake; by whom Thou wert not silent unto me; and in her wast despised by me, her son, the son of Thy handmaid, Thy servant. But I knew it not; and ran headlong with such blindness, that amongst my equals I was ashamed of a less shamelessness, when I heard them boast of their flagitiousness, yea, and the more boasting, the more they were degraded: and I took pleasure, not only in the pleasure of the deed, but in the praise. What is worthy of dispraise but vice? But I made myself worse than I was, that I might not be dispraised; and when in any thing I had not sinned as the abandoned ones, I would say that I had done what I had not done, that I might not seem contemptible in proportion as I was innocent; or of less account, the more chaste.% Behold with what companions I walked the streets of Babylon, and wallowed in the mire thereof, as if in a bed of spices and precious ointments. And that I might cleave the faster to its very centre, the invisible enemy trod me down, and seduced me, for that I was easy to be seduced. Neither did the mother of my flesh (who had now fled out of the centre of Babylon, yet went more slowly in the skirts thereof as she advised me to chastity, so heed what she had heard of me from her husband, as to restrain within the bounds of conjugal affection (if it could not be pared away to the quick) what she felt to be pestilent at present and for the future dangerous. She heeded not this, for she feared lest a wife should prove a clog and hindrance to my hopes. Not those hopes of the world to come, which my mother reposed in Thee; but the hope of learning, which both my parents were too desirous I should attain; my father, because he had next to no thought of Thee, and of me but vain conceits; my mother, because she accounted that those usual courses of learning would not only be no hindrance, but even some furtherance towards attaining Thee. For thus I conjecture, recalling, as well as I may, the disposition of my parents. The reins, meantime, were

Korean chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕, 정숙. cleave: 헤치며 나아가다, 헤치며 날아가다, 쪼개다, 부착하다, 고수하다, 분열시키다, 쪼개지다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 가르며 나아가다, 격리하다. clog: 막다, 방해하다, 무겁게 하다, 무거운 통나무를 달다, 막히다, 나막신 춤을 추다, 나막신, 막히게 하다, 괴롭히다, 괴롭게 하다,

무거운통나무. conjugal: 부부의, 결혼의, 혼인의. contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한, 멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한, 천시할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한 만한. defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종대로 시키다, 애로. degraded: 타락한, 퇴화한, 부패한, 저하한. dispraise: 비난, 헐뜯기.

furtherance: 조장, 촉진. handmaid: 하녀, 시녀, 몸종, 보조적인 것. mire: 진흙, 수렁, 진창, 궁지, 진흙으로 더럽히다, 궁지에 몰아넣다, 진창에 빠지다. pestilent: 전염하는, 치명적인, 해로운, 귀찮은, 위험한, 사회적으로 위험한, 성가신. womanish: 여성 특유의, 여자 같은, 여자다운.

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slackened to me, beyond all temper of due severity, to spend my time in sport, yea, even unto dissoluteness in whatsoever I affected. And in all was a mist, intercepting from me, O my God, the brightness of Thy truth; and mine iniquity burst out as from very fatness.% Theft is punished by Thy law, O Lord, and the law written in the hearts of men, which iniquity itself effaces not. For what thief will abide a thief? not even a rich thief, one stealing through want. Yet I lusted to thieve, and did it, compelled by no hunger, nor poverty, but through a cloyedness of well-doing, and a pamperedness of iniquity. For I stole that, of which I had enough, and much better. Nor cared I to enjoy what I stole, but joyed in the theft and sin itself. A pear tree there was near our vineyard, laden with fruit, tempting neither for colour nor taste. To shake and rob this, some lewd young fellows of us went, late one night (having according to our pestilent custom prolonged our sports in the streets till then), and took huge loads, not for our eating, but to fling to the very hogs, having only tasted them. And this, but to do what we liked only, because it was misliked. Behold my heart, O God, behold my heart, which Thou hadst pity upon in the bottom of the bottomless pit. Now, behold, let my heart tell Thee what it sought there, that I should be gratuitously evil, having no temptation to ill, but the ill itself. It was foul, and I loved it; I loved to perish, I loved mine own fault, not that for which I was faulty, but my fault itself. Foul soul, falling from Thy firmament to utter destruction; not seeking aught through the shame, but the shame itself! For there is an attractiveness in beautiful bodies, in gold and silver, and all things; and in bodily touch, sympathy hath much influence, and each other sense hath his proper object answerably tempered. Wordly honour hath also its grace, and the power of overcoming, and of mastery; whence springs also the thirst of revenge. But yet, to obtain all these, we may not depart from Thee, O Lord, nor decline from Thy law. The life also which here we live hath its own enchantment, through a certain proportion of its own, and a correspondence with all things beautiful here below. Human friendship also is endeared with a sweet tie, by reason of the unity formed of many souls. Upon occasion of all

Korean attractiveness: 사람의 마음을 끄는 것. bottomless: 바닥의, 앉는 부분이 없는, 밑바닥 없는, 누드의, 의자의 부분이 없는. depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다. enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는 것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기. firmament: 창공, 하늘. fling: 시도, 내던지다, 돌진하다, 뿌리다, 메어치다, 방종, 갑자기

내뻗다, 태질치다, 욕, 발질, 시험. laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는, 짐을 실은. mastery: 지배, 우위, 숙달, 승리, 정통, 우월, 통어력. pear: 펄형 활자, 일품, 성양배, 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛, 서양배, 배, 배나무. perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다, 지독하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한, 말라 죽다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시

곤란하게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다, 의 기능을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다. stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건. tempered: 조절된, 완화된, 단련된, 불린, 달구어 단련한, 기질의. thieve: 훔치다, 도둑질하다. thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다. vineyard: 포도밭, 포도원, 활동 범위, 일터. well-doing: 선행.

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these, and the like, is sin committed, while through an immoderate inclination towards these goods of the lowest order, the better and higher are forsaken,— Thou, our Lord God, Thy truth, and Thy law. For these lower things have their delights, but not like my God, who made all things; for in Him doth the righteous delight, and He is the joy of the upright in heart.% When, then, we ask why a crime was done, we believe it not, unless it appear that there might have been some desire of obtaining some of those which we called lower goods, or a fear of losing them. For they are beautiful and comely; although compared with those higher and beatific goods, they be abject and low. A man hath murdered another; why? he loved his wife or his estate; or would rob for his own livelihood; or feared to lose some such things by him; or, wronged, was on fire to be revenged. Would any commit murder upon no cause, delighted simply in murdering? who would believe it? for as for that furious and savage man, of whom it is said that he was gratuitously evil and cruel, yet is the cause assigned; “lest” (saith he) “through idleness hand or heart should grow inactive.” And to what end? that, through that practice of guilt, he might, having taken the city, attain to honours, empire, riches, and be freed from fear of the laws, and his embarrassments from domestic needs, and consciousness of villainies. So then, not even Catiline himself loved his own villainies, but something else, for whose sake he did them. What then did wretched I so love in thee, thou theft of mine, thou deed of darkness, in that sixteenth year of my age? Lovely thou wert not, because thou wert theft. But art thou any thing, that thus I speak to thee? Fair were the pears we stole, because they were Thy creation, Thou fairest of all, Creator of all, Thou good God; God, the sovereign good and my true good. Fair were those pears, but not them did my wretched soul desire; for I had store of better, and those I gathered, only that I might steal. For, when gathered, I flung them away, my only feast therein being my own sin, which I was pleased to enjoy. For if aught of those pears came within my mouth, what sweetened it was the sin. And now, O Lord my God, I enquire what in that theft delighted me; and behold it hath no loveliness; I mean not such loveliness as in justice and wisdom; nor such as is in

Korean abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한, 비천한. attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다, 이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다, 첨부하다. beatific: 행복을 줄 수 있는, 행복에 넘친, 축복을 주는, 축복을 주는 힘이 있는, 행복에 빛나는, 기쁨이 넘치는. comely: 적당한, 알맞은, 걸맞는, 자색이고운, 아름다운, 어울리는, 얼굴이 잘생긴, 미모의, 얼굴이 잘

생긴. deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서. enquire: 묻다. immoderate: 극단적인, 중용을 결한, 지나친, 절도 없는, 엄청난, 무절제한, 절제 없는. inclination: 경향, 기울기, 경사, 경각, 경도, 성향, 기울이기, 의향, 숙임, 사면, 비탈. livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책. loveliness: 사랑스러움, 멋짐, 이쁨,

유쾌함, 아름다움, 귀여움, 즐거움, 매력. righteous: 공정한, 당연한, 바른, 정당한, 고결한, 정의의, 정직한, 바른사람, 지당한, 올바른, 올바르다. stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투. thee: 너를, 너에게. theft: 도둑질, 절도죄, 도루, 훔침. wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰.

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the mind and memory, and senses, and animal life of man; nor yet as the stars are glorious and beautiful in their orbs; or the earth, or sea, full of embryo-life, replacing by its birth that which decayeth; nay, nor even that false and shadowy beauty which belongeth to deceiving vices.% For so doth pride imitate exaltedness; whereas Thou alone art God exalted over all. Ambition, what seeks it, but honours and glory? whereas Thou alone art to be honoured above all, and glorious for evermore. The cruelty of the great would fain be feared; but who is to be feared but God alone, out of whose power what can be wrested or withdrawn? when, or where, or whither, or by whom? The tendernesses of the wanton would fain be counted love: yet is nothing more tender than Thy charity; nor is aught loved more healthfully than that Thy truth, bright and beautiful above all. Curiosity makes semblance of a desire of knowledge; whereas Thou supremely knowest all. Yea, ignorance and foolishness itself is cloaked under the name of simplicity and uninjuriousness; because nothing is found more single than Thee: and what less injurious, since they are his own works which injure the sinner? Yea, sloth would fain be at rest; but what stable rest besides the Lord? Luxury affects to be called plenty and abundance; but Thou art the fulness and never-failing plenteousness of incorruptible pleasures. Prodigality presents a shadow of liberality: but Thou art the most overflowing Giver of all good. Covetousness would possess many things; and Thou possessest all things. Envy disputes for excellency: what more excellent than Thou? Anger seeks revenge: who revenges more justly than Thou? Fear startles at things unwonted and sudden, which endangers things beloved, and takes forethought for their safety; but to Thee what unwonted or sudden, or who separateth from Thee what Thou lovest? Or where but with Thee is unshaken safety? Grief pines away for things lost, the delight of its desires; because it would have nothing taken from it, as nothing can from Thee. Thus doth the soul commit fornication, when she turns from Thee, seeking without Thee, what she findeth not pure and untainted, till she returns to Thee. Thus all pervertedly imitate Thee, who remove far from Thee, and lift themselves up against Thee. But even by thus imitating Thee, they imply Thee to be the

Korean evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히, 영원히. excellency: 장점, 대사등에대한존칭, 우수, 장관, 각하. foolishness: 어리석음. forethought: 사전의 고려, 심려, 산전의고려, 사전의 계획, 사전의 의도. fulness: 비만, 충만, 참, 풍부, 만족, 차 있음, 풍부함. healthfully: 건강하게, 건전하게.

incorruptible: 매수되지 않는, 청렴결백한, 썩지않는, 부패하지않는, 불후의, 부패하지 않은. injurious: 해로운, 모욕적인, 부당한, 유해한, 부정한사람을 헤치는, 불법의, 중상적인, 불법인. liberality: 자유로운, 자유주의의, 대범한, 관대한, 마음이 너그러움, 선사. never-failing: 무진장한. overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는.

sloth: 나태, 나무늘보, 게으름. unshaken: 동요하지않는, 확고한, 흔들리지 않는. untainted: 오점이 없는, 때묻지 않은. unwonted: 보통이 아닌, 드문, 익숙하지 않은, 이상한, 에 익숙하지 않은. wanton: 장난치다, 까불다, 바람둥이, 뛰어 돌아다니다, 우거지다, 음탕한, 우거진, 악의 있는, 분방한, 변덕스러운, 바람난.

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Creator %of all nature; whence there is no place whither altogether to retire from Thee. What then did I love in that theft? and wherein did I even corruptly and pervertedly imitate my Lord? Did I wish even by stealth to do contrary to Thy law, because by power I could not, so that being a prisoner, I might mimic a maimed liberty by doing with impunity things unpermitted me, a darkened likeness of Thy Omnipotency? Behold, Thy servant, fleeing from his Lord, and obtaining a shadow. O rottenness, O monstrousness of life, and depth of death! could I like what I might not, only because I might not? What shall I render unto the Lord, that, whilst my memory recalls these things, my soul is not affrighted at them? I will love Thee, O Lord, and thank Thee, and confess unto Thy name; because Thou hast forgiven me these so great and heinous deeds of mine. To Thy grace I ascribe it, and to Thy mercy, that Thou hast melted away my sins as it were ice. To Thy grace I ascribe also whatsoever I have not done of evil; for what might I not have done, who even loved a sin for its own sake? Yea, all I confess to have been forgiven me; both what evils I committed by my own wilfulness, and what by Thy guidance I committed not. What man is he, who, weighing his own infirmity, dares to ascribe his purity and innocency to his own strength; that so he should love Thee the less, as if he had less needed Thy mercy, whereby Thou remittest sins to those that turn to Thee? For whosoever, called by Thee, followed Thy voice, and avoided those things which he reads me recalling and confessing of myself, let him not scorn me, who being sick, was cured by that Physician, through whose aid it was that he was not, or rather was less, sick: and for this let him love Thee as much, yea and more; since by whom he sees me to have been recovered from such deep consumption of sin, by Him he sees himself to have been from the like consumption of sin preserved. What fruit had I then (wretched man!) in those things, of the remembrance whereof I am now ashamed? Especially, in that theft which I loved for the theft’s sake; and it too was nothing, and therefore the more miserable I, who loved it. Yet alone I had not done it: such was I then, I remember, alone I had never done it. I loved then in it also the company of the accomplices, with whom I did it? I

Korean ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 처벌되지 않음, 을 받지 않음, 무사히, 돌리다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다. 무벌, 벌을 받지 않음, 해를 받지 contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 않음. 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함. 외고집의. innocency: 무죄, 천진난만, 결백, corruptly: 부패하여, 타락하여, 순진, 꼭두서니과의 일종, 깨끗함, 숫 전와하여, 전와되어. 됨, 순결, 무해, 현삼과의 일종, heinous: 가증한, 극악무도한, 때묻지 않음. 가증스러운. likeness: 비슷함, 상사성, 외관, 초상, impunity: 형을 받지 않음, 형, 흡사한 것, 흡사한 사람.

maimed: 불구의, 상한. melted: 곤드레만드레 취한. mimic: 모방의, 흉내내는, 가짜의, 모방자, 흉내를 잘 내는, 흉내내다. preserved: 보호한. rottenness: 부패. scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것, 거절하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람. stealth: 비밀, 몰래, 몰래 하기, 슬그머니 하기.

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did not then love nothing else but the theft, yea rather I did love nothing else; for that circumstance of the company was also nothing. What is, in truth? who can teach me, save He that enlighteneth my heart, and discovereth its dark corners? What is it which hath come into my mind to enquire, and discuss, and consider? For had I then loved the pears I stole, and wished to enjoy them, I might have done it alone, had the bare commission of the theft sufficed to attain my pleasure; nor needed I have inflamed the itching of my desires by the excitement of accomplices. But since my pleasure was not in those pears, it was in the offence itself, which the company of fellow-sinners occasioned.% What then was this feeling? For of a truth it was too foul: and woe was me, who had it. But yet what was it? Who can understand his errors? It was the sport, which as it were tickled our hearts, that we beguiled those who little thought what we were doing, and much disliked it. Why then was my delight of such sort that I did it not alone? Because none doth ordinarily laugh alone? ordinarily no one; yet laughter sometimes masters men alone and singly when on one whatever is with them, if anything very ludicrous presents itself to their senses or mind. Yet I had not done this alone; alone I had never done it. Behold my God, before Thee, the vivid remembrance of my soul; alone, I had never committed that theft wherein what I stole pleased me not, but that I stole; nor had it alone liked me to do it, nor had I done it. O friendship too unfriendly! thou incomprehensible inveigler of the soul, thou greediness to do mischief out of mirth and wantonness, thou thirst of others’ loss, without lust of my own gain or revenge: but when it is said, “Let’s go, let’s do it,” we are ashamed not to be shameless. Who can disentangle that twisted and intricate knottiness? Foul is it: I hate to think on it, to look on it. But Thee I long for, O Righteousness and Innocency, beautiful and comely to all pure eyes, and of a satisfaction unsating. With Thee is rest entire, and life imperturbable. Whoso enters into Thee, enters into the joy of his Lord: and shall not fear, and shall do excellently in the All-Excellent. I sank away from Thee, and I wandered, O my God, too much astray from Thee my stay, in these days of my youth, and I became to myself a barren land.

Korean barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는, 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야. disentangle: 엉킨것을 풀다, 풀다, 풀리다. imperturbable: 침착한, 냉정한, 동요치 않는, 동요하지 않는, 태연한. inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한.

intricate: 복잡한난해한, 얽힌, 복잡한, 뒤얽힌, 뒤섞인. itching: 가려운, 가려움, 갈망, 하고 싶어 못견디는, 하고싶어 못견딤. knottiness: 분규, 마디 투성이. ludicrous: 바보같은, 익살맞은, 우스운, 시시한, 쑥스러운. masters: 석사. mirth: 환락, 명랑, 유쾌. mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체.

ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 보통 정도로, 보통으로. shameless: 파렴치한, 부끄러움을 모르는, 수치를 모르는, 풍속을 문란케 하는. singly: 단독으로, 혼자서, 제 힘으로, 하나씩, 한 사람씩. unfriendly: 우정이 없는, 불친절한, 형편이 좋지 않은, 해로운, 비우호적으로, 적. wantonness: 방종함, 제멋대로임.

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BOOK

%III

To Carthage I came, where there sang all around me in my ears a cauldron of unholy loves. I loved not yet, yet I loved to love, and out of a deep-seated want, I hated myself for wanting not. I sought what I might love, in love with loving, and safety I hated, and a way without snares. For within me was a famine of that inward food, Thyself, my God; yet, through that famine I was not hungered; but was without all longing for incorruptible sustenance, not because filled therewith, but the more empty, the more I loathed it. For this cause my soul was sickly and full of sores, it miserably cast itself forth, desiring to be scraped by the touch of objects of sense. Yet if these had not a soul, they would not be objects of love. To love then, and to be beloved, was sweet to me; but more, when I obtained to enjoy the person I loved, I defiled, therefore, the spring of friendship with the filth of concupiscence, and I beclouded its brightness with the hell of lustfulness; and thus foul and unseemly, I would fain, through exceeding vanity, be fine and courtly. I fell headlong then into the love wherein I longed to be ensnared. My God, my Mercy, with how much gall didst Thou out of Thy great goodness besprinkle for me that sweetness? For I was both beloved, and secretly arrived at the bond of enjoying; and was with joy fettered with sorrow-bringing bonds, that I might be scourged with the iron burning rods of jealousy, and suspicions, and fears, and angers, and quarrels.

Korean besprinkle: 흩뿌리다, 살포하다, 안개가 되어 내리다, 비가 후두두 오다, 눈이 후두두 오다. cauldron: 가마솥. courtly: 아첨하는, 공손한, 아첨하여, 품위있는, 품위 있게, 점잖은, 우아한, 예의바른, 기품있는, 궁정풍으로, 궁정의. deep-seated: 뿌리 깊은, 뿌리깊은, 심층 부의, 심층부의, 고질적인, 만성의.

exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, 몸이 나쁜, 창백한, 역겹게 하는, 과도한. 병난, 건강에 나쁜, 싫증 나는, famine: 기근, 대부족, 식량 부족, 병자같은, 욕지기나게 하는. 고갈, 굶주림. sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 filth: 오물, 외설, 추잡, 음담패설. 것, 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지. jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그 없는 배려. 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여, miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 그래서. 형편없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, unseemly: 꼴사나운, 꼴사납게, 지독히. 보기흉한, 부적당한, 보기 흉한, 보기 sickly: 병약한, 골골하는, 감상적인, 흉하게, 부적당하게.

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Stage-plays also carried me away, full of images of my miseries, and of fuel to my fire. Why is it, that man desires to be made sad, beholding doleful and tragical things, which yet himself would no means suffer? yet he desires as a spectator to feel sorrow at them, this very sorrow is his pleasure. What is this but a miserable madness? for a man is the more affected with these actions, the less free he is from such affections. Howsoever, when he suffers in his own person, it uses to be styled misery: when he compassionates others, then it is mercy. But what sort of compassion is this for feigned and scenical passions? for the auditor is not called on to relieve, but only to grieve: and he applauds the actor of these fictions the more, the more he grieves. And if the calamities of those persons (whether of old times, or mere fiction) be so acted, that the spectator is not moved to tears, he goes away disgusted and criticising; but if he be moved to passion, he stays intent, and weeps for joy.% Are griefs then too loved? Verily all desire joy. Or whereas no man likes to be miserable, is he yet pleased to be merciful? which because it cannot be without passion, for this reason alone are passions loved? This also springs from that vein of friendship. But whither goes that vein? whither flows it? wherefore runs it into that torrent of pitch bubbling forth those monstrous tides of foul lustfulness, into which it is wilfully changed and transformed, being of its own will precipitated and corrupted from its heavenly clearness? Shall compassion then be put away? by no means. Be griefs then sometimes loved. But beware of uncleanness, O my soul, under the guardianship of my God, the God of our fathers, who is to be praised and exalted above all for ever, beware of uncleanness. For I have not now ceased to pity; but then in the theatres I rejoiced with lovers when they wickedly enjoyed one another, although this was imaginary only in the play. And when they lost one another, as if very compassionate, I sorrowed with them, yet had my delight in both. But now I much more pity him that rejoiceth in his wickedness, than him who is thought to suffer hardship, by missing some pernicious pleasure, and the loss of some miserable felicity. This certainly is the truer mercy, but in it grief delights not. For though he that grieves for the miserable, be commended for his office of charity; yet had he, who is genuinely compassionate, rather there were nothing

Korean clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함. compassionate: 인정 많은, 특별 배려에 의한, 측은히 여기다, 온정적인, 동정하다, 동정적인, 동정심 있는, 정상을 참작한, 자비로운. doleful: 슬픔엘 잠긴, 음침한, 서글픈. exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은, 고상한, 숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는, 고양된,

의기양양한. felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현, 교묘함, 경사, 적절. grieve: 괴롭히다, 괴로워하다, 슬퍼하다, 몹시 슬퍼하다, 가슴 아파하다, 농장 관리인, 마음 아파하다, 관리자, 슬픔에 잠기게 하다. guardianship: 보호, 후견인의 임무, 수호, 후견권, 후견직, 후견. pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인,

파괴적인, 유독한. scenical: 무대의, 풍경의, 극적인, 생생한, 경치의. tragical: 비극적으로, 비참하게, 비참한. uncleanness: 불결. wherefore: 이유, 어째서, 그러므로, 왜, 무슨 이유로, 까닭, 그런 이유로. wickedly: 불쾌하게, 사악하게, 나쁘게. wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악.

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for %him to grieve for. For if good will be ill willed (which can never be), then may he, who truly and sincerely commiserates, wish there might be some miserable, that he might commiserate. Some sorrow may then be allowed, none loved. For thus dost Thou, O Lord God, who lovest souls far more purely than we, and hast more incorruptibly pity on them, yet are wounded with no sorrowfulness. And who is sufficient for these things? But I, miserable, then loved to grieve, and sought out what to grieve at, when in another’s and that feigned and personated misery, that acting best pleased me, and attracted me the most vehemently, which drew tears from me. What marvel that an unhappy sheep, straying from Thy flock, and impatient of Thy keeping, I became infected with a foul disease? And hence the love of griefs; not such as should sink deep into me; for I loved not to suffer, what I loved to look on; but such as upon hearing their fictions should lightly scratch the surface; upon which, as on envenomed nails, followed inflamed swelling, impostumes, and a putrefied sore. My life being such, was it life, O my God? And Thy faithful mercy hovered over me afar. Upon how grievous iniquities consumed I myself, pursuing a sacrilegious curiosity, that having forsaken Thee, it might bring me to the treacherous abyss, and the beguiling service of devils, to whom I sacrificed my evil actions, and in all these things Thou didst scourge me! I dared even, while Thy solemnities were celebrated within the walls of Thy Church, to desire, and to compass a business deserving death for its fruits, for which Thou scourgedst me with grievous punishments, though nothing to my fault, O Thou my exceeding mercy, my God, my refuge from those terrible destroyers, among whom I wandered with a stiff neck, withdrawing further from Thee, loving mine own ways, and not Thine; loving a vagrant liberty. Those studies also, which were accounted commendable, had a view to excelling in the courts of litigation; the more bepraised, the craftier. Such is men’s blindness, glorying even in their blindness. And now I was chief in the rhetoric school, whereat I joyed proudly, and I swelled with arrogancy, though (Lord, Thou knowest) far quieter and altogether removed from the subvertings of those “Subverters” (for this ill-omened and devilish name was the very badge

Korean afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에. arrogancy: 오만, 거만, 불손. beguiling: 속이는, 기분을 전환시키는, 기분 전환의, 심심풀이의, 기만하는. commendable: 칭찬할 만한, 훌륭한, 기특한, 권장할 수 있는. commiserate: 동정하다, 불쌍히 여기다, 가엾게 여기다, 불쌍하게 생각하다, 가엽이 여기다. devilish: 극도의, 악마같은,

극악무도한, 지독한, 악마 같은. 죄받을, 천벌을 받아 마땅한, 신성을 envenomed: 독을 넣는, 독기를 띠게 모독하는. 하는, 독을 바르는. scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다, ill-omened: 불길한. 매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, incorruptibly: 청렴하게, 정직하게. 징벌하다, 채찍질하다. marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄, 놀라운 vagrant: 방랑하는, 변하기 쉬운, 일, 불가사의하게 여기다, 놀라다, 부랑자, 방랑성의, 변덕스러운, 놀람. 방랑의, 유랑하는, 방랑자. sacrilegious: 신성을 더럽히는, whereat: 그래서, 왜, 무엇때문에, 무엄한, 교회를 침범하는, 모독, 불경, 그러자, 무엇에 대하여, 한 바의, 하는 성물을 훔치는, 신성을더럽히는, 바의.

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of gallantry) among whom I lived, with a shameless shame that I was not even as they. With them I lived, and was sometimes delighted with their friendship, whose doings I ever did abhor -i.e., their “subvertings,” wherewith they wantonly persecuted the modesty of strangers, which they disturbed by a gratuitous jeering, feeding thereon their malicious birth. Nothing can be liker the very actions of devils than these. What then could they be more truly called than “Subverters”? themselves subverted and altogether perverted first, the deceiving spirits secretly deriding and seducing them, wherein themselves delight to jeer at and deceive others.% Among such as these, in that unsettled age of mine, learned I books of eloquence, wherein I desired to be eminent, out of a damnable and vainglorious end, a joy in human vanity. In the ordinary course of study, I fell upon a certain book of Cicero, whose speech almost all admire, not so his heart. This book of his contains an exhortation to philosophy, and is called “Hortensius.” But this book altered my affections, and turned my prayers to Thyself O Lord; and made me have other purposes and desires. Every vain hope at once became worthless to me; and I longed with an incredibly burning desire for an immortality of wisdom, and began now to arise, that I might return to Thee. For not to sharpen my tongue (which thing I seemed to be purchasing with my mother’s allowances, in that my nineteenth year, my father being dead two years before), not to sharpen my tongue did I employ that book; nor did it infuse into me its style, but its matter. How did I burn then, my God, how did I burn to re-mount from earthly things to Thee, nor knew I what Thou wouldest do with me? For with Thee is wisdom. But the love of wisdom is in Greek called “philosophy,” with which that book inflamed me. Some there be that seduce through philosophy, under a great, and smooth, and honourable name colouring and disguising their own errors: and almost all who in that and former ages were such, are in that book censured and set forth: there also is made plain that wholesome advice of Thy Spirit, by Thy good and devout servant: Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the

Korean abhor: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 거부하다, 소름끼칠 정도로 싫어하다. damnable: 지겨운, 저주받을 만한, 저주할, 가증한, 경칠 놈의. doings: 행동, 행실, 행사, 사건, 소행, 몸가짐. exhortation: 권고, 권고의 말, 훈계, 간곡한 권고. gallantry: 용감, 정사, 연애관계, 정중한 말씨, 여성에게 정중함, 사랑의 행위, 여성에게 친천함,

여성에 대한 공대. gratuitous: 무료의, 필요 없는, 공짜의, 무사의, 이유없는, 그럴 필요 없는. infuse: 붓다, 우러나다, 고취하다, 우리다, 부어넣다, 우려내다, 주입하다불어넣다, 달이다. jeer: 조롱, 조소, 조롱하다, 희롱하다. perverted: 이상의, 그릇된, 변태의, 사도에 빠진, 비뚤어진. seduce: 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하다, 부추기다, 추기다,

매혹하다. unsettled: 변하기 쉬운, 할당되지 않은, 결정되지 않은, 동란의, 동요하는, 미결제의, 미정의, 미해결의, 불안정한, 일정치 않은, 정착 주민이 없는. vainglorious: 허영심이 강한, 자만심에서 오는, 자만심이 강한, 자부심 강한, 허영심을 나타내는. wantonly: 변덕스럽게, 장난치며, 제멋대로, 방자하게.

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world, and not after Christ. For in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. And since at that time (Thou, O light of my heart, knowest) Apostolic Scripture was not known to me, I was delighted with that exhortation, so far only, that I was thereby strongly roused, and kindled, and inflamed to love, and seek, and obtain, and hold, and embrace not this or that sect, but wisdom itself whatever it were; and this alone checked me thus unkindled, that the name of Christ was not in it. For this name, according to Thy mercy, O Lord, this name of my Saviour Thy Son, had my tender heart, even with my mother’s milk, devoutly drunk in and deeply treasured; and whatsoever was without that name, though never so learned, polished, or true, took not entire hold of me.% I resolved then to bend my mind to the holy Scriptures, that I might see what they were. But behold, I see a thing not understood by the proud, nor laid open to children, lowly in access, in its recesses lofty, and veiled with mysteries; and I was not such as could enter into it, or stoop my neck to follow its steps. For not as I now speak, did I feel when I turned to those Scriptures; but they seemed to me unworthy to he compared to the stateliness of Tully: for my swelling pride shrunk from their lowliness, nor could my sharp wit pierce the interior thereof. Yet were they such as would grow up in a little one. But I disdained to be a little one; and, swollen with pride, took myself to be a great one. Therefore I fell among men proudly doting, exceeding carnal and prating, in whose mouths were the snares of the Devil, limed with the mixture of the syllables of Thy name, and of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Ghost, the Paraclete, our Comforter. These names departed not out of their mouth, but so far forth as the sound only and the noise of the tongue, for the heart was void of truth. Yet they cried out “Truth, Truth,” and spake much thereof to me, yet it was not in them: but they spake falsehood, not of Thee only (who truly art Truth), but even of those elements of this world, Thy creatures. And I indeed ought to have passed by even philosophers who spake truth concerning them, for love of Thee, my Father, supremely good, Beauty of all things beautiful. O Truth, Truth, how inwardly did even then the marrow of my soul pant after Thee, when they often and diversely, and in many and huge books, echoed of

Korean diversely: 다양하게, 여러 가지로, pant: 열망하다, 헐떡이다, 확 내뿜다, 가지각색. 숨이 참, 두근거리다, 동계, 헐떡임, doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는, 노망한, 바지의, 헐떡거리다, 갈망하다, 사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는, 망령든, 헐떡거리며 말하다. 지나치게 귀여워하는. pierce: 통찰하다, 감동시키다, falsehood: 허위, 거짓말, 잘못. 관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 에스며들다inwardly: 내부에, 마음속에 몰래, 들어가다, 에 구멍을 뚫다, 돌입하다, 마음속으로, 안으로, 작은 목소리로, 꿰찌르다, 고함 소시 다위가 날카롭게 안쪽으로, 내부로. 울리다, 고함 소리 따위가 날카롭게 lowly: 비천한, 천하게, 신분이 낮은, 울리다, 에 구멍을 둠다. 초라한, 겸소한. sect: 당파, 교파, 종파, 분파.

stateliness: 위엄, 위엄있음, 장중, 당당함, 장엄함. stoop: 새우등, 현과의 툇마루, 허리가 굽다, 전락하다, 굽히다, 굴종, 겸손, 구부러지다, 몸을 굽히다, 하다, 자신을 낮추어. unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는, 부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치 못한 사람, 알맞지 않은. veiled: 분명치 않은, 가면을 쓴, 감추어진, 베일로 덮인, 숨겨진.

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Thee %to me, though it was but an echo? And these were the dishes wherein to me, hungering after Thee, they, instead of Thee, served up the Sun and Moon, beautiful works of Thine, but yet Thy works, not Thyself, no nor Thy first works. For Thy spiritual works are before these corporeal works, celestial though they be, and shining. But I hungered and thirsted not even after those first works of Thine, but after Thee Thyself, the Truth, in whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning: yet they still set before me in those dishes, glittering fantasies, than which better were it to love this very sun (which is real to our sight at least), than those fantasies which by our eyes deceive our mind. Yet because I thought them to be Thee, I fed thereon; not eagerly, for Thou didst not in them taste to me as Thou art; for Thou wast not these emptinesses, nor was I nourished by them, but exhausted rather. Food in sleep shows very like our food awake; yet are not those asleep nourished by it, for they are asleep. But those were not even any way like to Thee, as Thou hast now spoken to me; for those were corporeal fantasies, false bodies, than which these true bodies, celestial or terrestrial, which with our fleshly sight we behold, are far more certain: these things the beasts and birds discern as well as we, and they are more certain than when we fancy them. And again, we do with more certainty fancy them, than by them conjecture other vaster and infinite bodies which have no being. Such empty husks was I then fed on; and was not fed. But Thou, my soul’s Love, in looking for whom I fail, that I may become strong, art neither those bodies which we see, though in heaven; nor those which we see not there; for Thou hast created them, nor dost Thou account them among the chiefest of Thy works. How far then art Thou from those fantasies of mine, fantasies of bodies which altogether are not, than which the images of those bodies, which are, are far more certain, and more certain still the bodies themselves, which yet Thou art not; no, nor yet the soul, which is the life of the bodies. So then, better and more certain is the life of the bodies than the bodies. But Thou art the life of souls, the life of lives, having life in Thyself; and changest not, life of my soul. Where then wert Thou then to me, and how far from me? Far verily was I straying from Thee, barred from the very husks of the swine, whom with husks I fed. For how much better are the fables of poets and grammarians than these

Korean barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는, 줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어 버린, 빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는. certainty: 확실성, 확신, 확실한 것, 필연적인사물, 객관적 확실성, 확실한 일. conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판독, 판독하다. corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의,

육체의. discern: 분간하다, 지각하다, 인식하다, 차이를 알다, 뚜렷하게 인식하다, 보고 분간하다, 식별하다. dishes: 식탁용 접시류. eagerly: 열심히, 간절히, 열망하여. exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, 소모된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 지친. fed: 연방 정부, 연방 수사관, 연방 준비 은행.

fleshly: 세속적인, 육체의, 육감적인, 육욕의, 인간적인. glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는. shining: 화려한, 빛나는 뛰어난, 두드러진, 빛나는. swine: 돼지, 야비한 사람, 비열한 놈. terrestrial: 지상의, 지구의, 육지의, 인간, 육상의, 속세의, 육지에 사는, 지상에 사는것, 육생의, 지구상의, 지구상의 생물. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로.

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snares? For verses, and poems, and “Medea flying,” are more profitable truly than these men’s five elements, variously disguised, answering to five dens of darkness, which have no being, yet slay the believer. For verses and poems I can turn to true food, and “Medea flying,” though I did sing, I maintained not; though I heard it sung, I believed not: but those things I did believe. Woe, woe, by what steps was I brought down to the depths of hell! toiling and turmoiling through want of Truth, since I sought after Thee, my God (to Thee I confess it, who hadst mercy on me, not as yet confessing), not according to the understanding of the mind, wherein Thou willedst that I should excel the beasts, but according to the sense of the flesh. But Thou wert more inward to me than my most inward part; and higher than my highest. I lighted upon that bold woman, simple and knoweth nothing, shadowed out in Solomon, sitting at the door, and saying, Eat ye bread of secrecies willingly, and drink ye stolen waters which are sweet: she seduced me, because she found my soul dwelling abroad in the eye of my flesh, and ruminating on such food as through it I had devoured.% For other than this, that which really is I knew not; and was, as it were through sharpness of wit, persuaded to assent to foolish deceivers, when they asked me, “whence is evil?” “is God bounded by a bodily shape, and has hairs and nails?” “are they to be esteemed righteous who had many wives at once, and did kill men, and sacrifice living creatures?” At which I, in my ignorance, was much troubled, and departing from the truth, seemed to myself to be making towards it; because as yet I knew not that evil was nothing but a privation of good, until at last a thing ceases altogether to be; which how should I see, the sight of whose eyes reached only to bodies, and of my mind to a phantasm? And I knew not God to be a Spirit, not one who hath parts extended in length and breadth, or whose being was bulk; for every bulk is less in a part than in the whole: and if it be infinite, it must be less in such part as is defined by a certain space, than in its infinitude; and so is not wholly every where, as Spirit, as God. And what that should be in us, by which we were like to God, and might be rightly said to be after the image of God, I was altogether ignorant.

Korean answering: 상응하는, 응답의. assent: 동의하다, 승낙하다, 동의, 인정하다, 찬성하다. believer: 신자, 믿는 사람. bodily: 통째로, 육체적인-몸소, 모조리, 몸의, 신체상의, 구체의, 육체상의. breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재는 물건, 관용, 너비. disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한.

dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처. 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임, ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 가파름, 영리, 험준함. 무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는, slay: 죽이다, 파괴하다, 학살하다, 무지한. 끔찍하게 죽이다, 살해하다, 몹시 infinitude: 무수한, 무한, 무궁, 웃기다. 무한한, 무한한 수량. variously: 여러 가지이름으로, lighted: 불이 켜진. 여러방면으로, 가지가지로, phantasm: 환상, 곡두, 환영. 가지각색으로, 형형색색으로, 여러 privation: 결핍, 박탈, 상실, 결여, 가지로. 특히 일용품의 결핍. wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는 sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 선명, 사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지.

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Nor %knew I that true inward righteousness which judgeth not according to custom, but out of the most rightful law of God Almighty, whereby the ways of places and times were disposed according to those times and places; itself meantime being the same always and every where, not one thing in one place, and another in another; according to which Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and Moses, and David, were righteous, and all those commended by the mouth of God; but were judged unrighteous by silly men, judging out of man’s judgment, and measuring by their own petty habits, the moral habits of the whole human race. As if in an armory, one ignorant of what were adapted to each part should cover his head with greaves, or seek to be shod with a helmet, and complain that they fitted not: or as if on a day when business is publicly stopped in the afternoon, one were angered at not being allowed to keep open shop, because he had been in the forenoon; or when in one house he observeth some servant take a thing in his hand, which the butler is not suffered to meddle with; or something permitted out of doors, which is forbidden in the dining-room; and should be angry, that in one house, and one family, the same thing is not allotted every where, and to all. Even such are they who are fretted to hear something to have been lawful for righteous men formerly, which now is not; or that God, for certain temporal respects, commanded them one thing, and these another, obeying both the same righteousness: whereas they see, in one man, and one day, and one house, different things to be fit for different members, and a thing formerly lawful, after a certain time not so; in one corner permitted or commanded, but in another rightly forbidden and punished. Is justice therefore various or mutable? No, but the times, over which it presides, flow not evenly, because they are times. But men whose days are few upon the earth, for that by their senses they cannot harmonise the causes of things in former ages and other nations, which they had not experience of, with these which they have experience of, whereas in one and the same body, day, or family, they easily see what is fitting for each member, and season, part, and person; to the one they take exceptions, to the other they submit. These things I then knew not, nor observed; they struck my sight on all sides, and I saw them not. I indited verses, in which I might not place every foot every

Korean armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장, 병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장. dining-room: 식당. disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 생각이 있는. evenly: 평등하게, 공평하게, 고르게, 평평하게, 평탄하게, 균일하게. fitting: 입혀보기, 비품, 부속품, 가구, 설치, 적합, 적당한, 어울리는, 건구, 형, 입어보기. forbidden: 금지된, 금단의.

forenoon: 오전. fretted: 안달이 난, 기러기발이 있는, 뇌문 무늬의, 부식된. greaves: 굳기름 찌끼, 굳기름찌끼, 기름 찌끼. helmet: 헬멧, 투구, 투구형, 투구 모양의 물건. lawful: 법정의, 정당한, 합법의, 법률이 인정하는, 적법의. meddle: 주물럭거리다, 참견하다, 만지작거리다, 공연히 만지작거리다,

간섭하다. mutable: 변하기 쉬운, 변덕의. petty: 소규모의, 하찮은, 사소한, 옹졸한, 자그마한, 하급의, 도량이 좁은. righteousness: 공정, 정의, 정직, 방정, 올바름, 정당성. rightful: 올바른, 당연한, 적법의, 정당한, 정의에 입각한, 합법의. unrighteous: 사악한, 죄많은, 부정한, 공정하지 않은, 악인들, 옳지 않은.

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where, but differently in different metres; nor even in any one metre the selfsame foot in all places. Yet the art itself, by which I indited, had not different principles for these different cases, but comprised all in one. Still I saw not how that righteousness, which good and holy men obeyed, did far more excellently and sublimely contain in one all those things which God commanded, and in no part varied; although in varying times it prescribed not every thing at once, but apportioned and enjoined what was fit for each. And I in my blindness, censured the holy Fathers, not only wherein they made use of things present as God commanded and inspired them, but also wherein they were foretelling things to come, as God was revealing in them.% Can it at any time or place be unjust to love God with all his heart, with all his soul, and with all his mind; and his neighbour as himself? Therefore are those foul offences which be against nature, to be every where and at all times detested and punished; such as were those of the men of Sodom: which should all nations commit, they should all stand guilty of the same crime, by the law of God, which hath not so made men that they should so abuse one another. For even that intercourse which should be between God and us is violated, when that same nature, of which He is Author, is polluted by perversity of lust. But those actions which are offences against the customs of men, are to be avoided according to the customs severally prevailing; so that a thing agreed upon, and confirmed, by custom or law of any city or nation, may not be violated at the lawless pleasure of any, whether native or foreigner. For any part which harmoniseth not with its whole, is offensive. But when God commands a thing to be done, against the customs or compact of any people, though it were never by them done heretofore, it is to be done; and if intermitted, it is to be restored; and if never ordained, is now to be ordained. For lawful if it he for a king, in the state which he reigns over, to command that which no one before him, nor he himself heretofore, had commanded, and to obey him cannot be against the common weal of the state (nay, it were against it if he were not obeyed, for to obey princes is a general compact of human society); how much more unhesitatingly ought we to obey God, in all which He commands, the Ruler of

Korean foreigner: 외국인, 외국선, 이방인, 이인, 외국 제품, 국외자. foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 엉클어지다. intercourse: 성교, 교통, 교제, 영교, 영적인 교통, 의사의 교환, 영적 교통, 영적 교류. metre: 운율, 박자, 미터, 격조, 계량기, 보격.

obey: 복종하다, 시키는대로 움직이다, 명령대로 복종하다, 에 복종하다. offensive: 공격, 공격적인, 무례한, 불쾌한, 공세, 비위에 거슬리는, 싫은. perversity: 사악, 빙퉁그러짐, 외고집, 뒤틀린 성미, 비뚤어진 성미. prescribed: 규정된, 미리 정해진. prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진. revealing: 계발적인, 뜻이 깊은, 노출된, 나타나 있는.

severally: 각자에, 따로따로. sublimely: 숭고하게, 탁월하게, 터무니없이, 고상하게. unhesitatingly: 민활하게, 주저하지 않고, 우물쭈물하지 않고. unjust: 부정한, 불공평한. weal: 행복, 복리, 채찍맞아 지렁이처럼 부르튼 곳, 국가, 길게 부르튼 자리, 발진, 번영, 부, 부어오름, 안녕, 에 부르튼 자리를 내다.

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all His creatures! For as among the powers in man’s society, the greater authority is obeyed in preference to the lesser, so must God above all.% So in acts of violence, where there is a wish to hurt, whether by reproach or injury; and these either for revenge, as one enemy against another; or for some profit belonging to another, as the robber to the traveller; or to avoid some evil, as towards one who is feared; or through envy, as one less fortunate to one more so, or one well thriven in any thing, to him whose being on a par with himself he fears, or grieves at, or for the mere pleasure at another’s pain, as spectators of gladiators, or deriders and mockers of others. These be the heads of iniquity which spring from the lust of the flesh, of the eye, or of rule, either singly, or two combined, or all together; and so do men live ill against the three, and seven, that psaltery of often strings, Thy Ten Commandments, O God, most high, and most sweet. But what foul offences can there be against Thee, who canst not be defiled? or what acts of violence against Thee, who canst not be harmed? But Thou avengest what men commit against themselves, seeing also when they sin against Thee, they do wickedly against their own souls, and iniquity gives itself the lie, by corrupting and perverting their nature, which Thou hast created and ordained, or by an immoderate use of things allowed, or in burning in things unallowed, to that use which is against nature; or are found guilty, raging with heart and tongue against Thee, kicking against the pricks; or when, bursting the pale of human society, they boldly joy in self-willed combinations or divisions, according as they have any object to gain or subject of offence. And these things are done when Thou art forsaken, O Fountain of Life, who art the only and true Creator and Governor of the Universe, and by a self-willed pride, any one false thing is selected therefrom and loved. So then by a humble devoutness we return to Thee; and Thou cleansest us from our evil habits, and art merciful to their sins who confess, and hearest the groaning of the prisoner, and loosest us from the chains which we made for ourselves, if we lift not up against Thee the horns of an unreal liberty, suffering the loss of all, through covetousness of more, by loving more our own private good than Thee, the Good of all.

Korean boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이. devoutness: 절실하는 것. envy: 부러워하다, 시기하다, 부러움, 신망, 질투, 선망의 대상. horns: 어느 한 쪽. humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다. loving: 사랑하는, 애정을 품고있는, 친애하는, 남을 사랑하는, 충실한. psaltery: 옛날의 현악기, 프살테리움.

raging: 격노한, 맹렬한, 미친듯이 사나운, 사납게 날뛰는, 맹위를 떨치는, 거칠어지는. reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 손상하다. revenge: 원한, 복수하다, 복수심, 앙갚음, 원수를 갚다, 복수, 보복, 설욕의 기회, 복수의 기회, 원한을 갚다, 의 복수를 하다.

robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자. self-willed: 제멋대로의, 자기 주장의, 고집센. therefrom: 거기서부터. traveller: 여행자, 주문 받는 사람, 외판원, 여행에 익숙한 사람, 순회 판매인, 이동 기중기, 하게 진행하는 차 등, 하게 진행하는 것 등, 하게 진행하는 말 등, 외무원. unreal: 공상의, 실재 하지 않은, 실재하지 않는.

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Amidst%these offences of foulness and violence, and so many iniquities, are sins of men, who are on the whole making proficiency; which by those that judge rightly, are, after the rule of perfection, discommended, yet the persons commended, upon hope of future fruit, as in the green blade of growing corn. And there are some, resembling offences of foulness or violence, which yet are no sins; because they offend neither Thee, our Lord God, nor human society; when, namely, things fitting for a given period are obtained for the service of life, and we know not whether out of a lust of having; or when things are, for the sake of correction, by constituted authority punished, and we know not whether out of a lust of hurting. Many an action then which in men’s sight is disapproved, is by Thy testimony approved; and many, by men praised, are (Thou being witness) condemned: because the show of the action, and the mind of the doer, and the unknown exigency of the period, severally vary. But when Thou on a sudden commandest an unwonted and unthought of thing, yea, although Thou hast sometime forbidden it, and still for the time hidest the reason of Thy command, and it be against the ordinance of some society of men, who doubts but it is to be done, seeing that society of men is just which serves Thee? But blessed are they who know Thy commands! For all things were done by Thy servants; either to show forth something needful for the present, or to foreshow things to come. These things I being ignorant of, scoffed at those Thy holy servants and prophets. And what gained I by scoffing at them, but to be scoffed at by Thee, being insensibly and step by step drawn on to those follies, as to believe that a fig-tree wept when it was plucked, and the tree, its mother, shed milky tears? Which fig notwithstanding (plucked by some other’s, not his own, guilt) had some Manichaean saint eaten, and mingled with his bowels, he should breathe out of it angels, yea, there shall burst forth particles of divinity, at every moan or groan in his prayer, which particles of the most high and true God had remained bound in that fig, unless they had been set at liberty by the teeth or belly of some “Elect” saint! And I, miserable, believed that more mercy was to be shown to the fruits of the earth than men, for whom they were created. For if any one an

Korean bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 깃드는 곳. correction: 정정, 교정, 보정, 질책, 첨삭, 수정, 징계, 벌, 바로잡음. divinity: 신학, 신, 신성, 신의 힘, 신의 덕. doer: 행위자, 실행가, 발육하는 동물, 발육하는 식물. exigency: 위급, 급박, 절박한 사정, 급박한 사정, 긴박, 긴급사태, 긴급한 경우, 급무.

foreshow: 예시하다. groan: 신음하다, 그 소리, 괴로워하다, 으르렁거리다, 열망하다, 불평의 소리, 가 넘칠 정도로 많이 있다, 갈망하다, 신음하는 듯한 목소리로 말하다, 신음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리. insensibly: 알아차리지 못할 만큼, 천천히, 눈에 띄지 않을 정도로. milky: 젖의, 무기력한, 젖 같은, 젖과 같은, 유약한, 젖을 섞은. mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는.

moan: 신음하다, 한탄하다, 끙끙거리다, 신음, 슬픔의 신음, 불행 따위를 한탄하다, 고통의 신음, 신음 소리. namely: 즉, 말하자면. needful: 돈, 필요한, 필요한 것, 필요한 돈, 없어서는 안될, 필요한 짓, 현금, 빈곤한, 필요한 일. proficiency: 숙달, 진보. scoffing: 비웃음, 웃음거리, 비웃다. unthought: 과거분사, 뜻밖의.

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hungered, not a Manichaean, should ask for any, that morsel would seem as it were condemned to capital punishment, which should be given him.% And Thou sentest Thine hand from above, and drewest my soul out of that profound darkness, my mother, Thy faithful one, weeping to Thee for me, more than mothers weep the bodily deaths of their children. For she, by that faith and spirit which she had from Thee, discerned the death wherein I lay, and Thou heardest her, O Lord; Thou heardest her, and despisedst not her tears, when streaming down, they watered the ground under her eyes in every place where she prayed; yea Thou heardest her. For whence was that dream whereby Thou comfortedst her; so that she allowed me to live with her, and to eat at the same table in the house, which she had begun to shrink from, abhorring and detesting the blasphemies of my error? For she saw herself standing on a certain wooden rule, and a shining youth coming towards her, cheerful and smiling upon her, herself grieving, and overwhelmed with grief. But he having (in order to instruct, as is their wont not to be instructed) enquired of her the causes of her grief and daily tears, and she answering that she was bewailing my perdition, he bade her rest contented, and told her to look and observe, “That where she was, there was I also.” And when she looked, she saw me standing by her in the same rule. Whence was this, but that Thine ears were towards her heart? O Thou Good omnipotent, who so carest for every one of us, as if Thou caredst for him only; and so for all, as if they were but one! Whence was this also, that when she had told me this vision, and I would fain bend it to mean, “That she rather should not despair of being one day what I was”; she presently, without any hesitation, replies: “No; for it was not told me that, ‘where he, there thou also’; but ‘where thou, there he also’?” I confess to Thee, O Lord, that to the best of my remembrance (and I have oft spoken of this), that Thy answer, through my waking mother, -that she was not perplexed by the plausibility of my false interpretation, and so quickly saw what was to be seen, and which I certainly had not perceived before she spake, -even then moved me more than the dream itself, by which a joy to the holy woman, to be fulfilled so long after, was, for the consolation of her present anguish, so long before

Korean anguish: 격통, 고뇌. consolation: 위로, 위자, 위안이 되는 것, 위안이 되는것, 위안, 위안의, 위문의. contented: 만족하고 있는, 흡족해 하는, 달갑게 하는, 만족한. faithful: 성실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신자들, 정확한, 충실한, 충실한 신도들, 정확. hesitation: 주저, 망설임. instruct: 지시하다, 알리다, 가르치다,

통고하다, 교육하다, 명령하다, 에게 교수하다, 에게 명령하다, 에게 지시하다, 보고하다. morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음식물의 한 입. oft: 자주, 종종. perdition: 파멸, 멸망, 지옥, 전멸. perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈. plausibility: 그럴싸하게 말함, 그럴싸함, 보기 좋음, 그럴듯함,

말주변이 좋음. shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사, 뒷걸음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측, 줄어들다, 줄어들게 하다, 방축 가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다, 움츠러지다. smiling: 방긋거림, 미소, 은혜, 냉소. streaming: 흐름, 능력별 학급 편성. watered: 물을 탄, 물결 무늬가 있는, 관개된, 불입금 없이 발행한, 물을 뿌린, 물을 댄.

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foresignified. For almost nine years passed, in which I wallowed in the mire of that deep pit, and the darkness of falsehood, often assaying to rise, but dashed down the more grievously. All which time that chaste, godly, and sober widow (such as Thou lovest), now more cheered with hope, yet no whit relaxing in her weeping and mourning, ceased not at all hours of her devotions to bewail my case unto Thee. And her prayers entered into Thy presence; and yet Thou sufferedst me to be yet involved and reinvolved in that darkness.% Thou gavest her meantime another answer, which I call to mind; for much I pass by, hasting to those things which more press me to confess unto Thee, and much I do not remember. Thou gavest her then another answer, by a Priest of Thine, a certain Bishop brought up in Thy Church, and well studied in Thy books. Whom when this woman had entreated to vouchsafe to converse with me, refute my errors, unteach me ill things, and teach me good things (for this he was wont to do, when he found persons fitted to receive it), he refused, wisely, as I afterwards perceived. For he answered, that I was yet unteachable, being puffed up with the novelty of that heresy, and had already perplexed divers unskilful persons with captious questions, as she had told him: “but let him alone a while” (saith he), “only pray God for him, he will of himself by reading find what that error is, and how great its impiety.” At the same time he told her, how himself, when a little one, had by his seduced mother been consigned over to the Manichees, and had not only read, but frequently copied out almost all, their books, and had (without any argument or proof from any one) seen how much that sect was to be avoided; and had avoided it. Which when he had said, and she would not be satisfied, but urged him more, with entreaties and many tears, that he would see me and discourse with me; he, a little displeased at her importunity, saith, “Go thy ways and God bless thee, for it is not possible that the son of these tears should perish.” Which answer she took (as she often mentioned in her conversations with me) as if it had sounded from heaven.

Korean assaying: 시금법, 분석 시험. bewail: 비탄하다, 슬퍼하다. captious: 흠잡기 잘하는, 꾀까다로운, 말꼬리를 잡고 늘어지는, 짓궂은, 흠 잡는. converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐, 전환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께 이야기하다, 역, 거꾸로의, 이야기하다, 회화. devotions: 기도. displeased: 화난.

godly: 신을 공경하는, 신앙심이 깊은, 경건한, 믿음이 깊은 사람들, 믿음이 깊은, 신앙심을 돈독하게, 신앙심깊은 사람들. grievously: 슬프도록. heresy: 이교, 이단. importunity: 끈덕진 요구, 끈덕짐, 끈덕진 재촉, 끈질기게 조름, 끈질김. mourning: 상, 애도, 슬픔, 상복, 비탄. puffed: 숨이 차서, 부푼, 헐떡이고, 사람이 숨이 차서, 우쭐한, 부풀은.

refute: 반박하다, 논박하다, 논파하다, 꼼짝못하게 하다, 잘못을 밝히다. unskilful: 서투른, 솜씨없는, 어줍은. unteach: 잊게 하다, 의 잘못을 알게 하다, 의 기만성을 알려주다, 반대되는 일을 가르치다, 믿지 않게 하다. unteachable: 말을 잘 듣지 않는, 가르치기 어려운. vouchsafe: 주다, 내리다, 해 주시다, 허용하다, 허락하다.

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%IV

For this space of nine years (from my nineteenth year to my eight-andtwentieth) we lived seduced and seducing, deceived and deceiving, in divers lusts; openly, by sciences which they call liberal; secretly, with a false-named religion; here proud, there superstitious, every where vain. Here, hunting after the emptiness of popular praise, down even to theatrical applauses, and poetic prizes, and strifes for grassy garlands, and the follies of shows, and the intemperance of desires. There, desiring to be cleansed from these defilements, by carrying food to those who were called “elect” and “holy,” out of which, in the workhouse of their stomachs, they should forge for us Angels and Gods, by whom we might be cleansed. These things did I follow, and practise with my friends, deceived by me, and with me. Let the arrogant mock me, and such as have not been, to their soul’s health, stricken and cast down by Thee, O my God; but I would still confess to Thee mine own shame in Thy praise. Suffer me, I beseech Thee, and give me grace to go over in my present remembrance the wanderings of my forepassed time, and to offer unto Thee the sacrifice of thanksgiving. For what am I to myself without Thee, but a guide to mine own downfall? or what am I even at the best, but an infant sucking the milk Thou givest, and feeding upon Thee, the food that perisheth not? But what sort of man is any man, seeing he is but a man? Let now the strong and the mighty laugh at us, but let us poor and needy confess unto Thee.

Korean arrogant: 건방진, 건만한, 거만한. divers: 약간의, 여러가지의, 몇 개의. downfall: 몰락, 낙하, 멸망, 호우, 쏟아짐, 함정의 일종. emptiness: 무지, 덧없음, 공허, 공복, 무의미, 공, 빈 곳, 텅 빔, 빔, 무가치. forge: 꾸며대다, 철공장, 위조하다, 서서히 나아가다, 쇠를불리다, 쇠를 불리다, 단조공장, 대장간에서 일하다, 벼리다, 꾸며내다, 노. grassy: 풀 같은, 풀의, 풀이 무성한,

풀이 많은. intemperance: 무절제, 방종, 과도, 무절제한, 폭음하는, 혹독한, 폭음대주. needy: 매우 가난한, 궁핍한 사람들, 가난한, 아주 가난한. stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한. sucking: 미숙한, 빨아들이는, 젖내나는, 아직 젖 떨어지지 않은, 풋내기의, 젖을 빠는, 빨아 들이는. superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌,

미신저긴, 미신의. thanksgiving: 사은, 감사, 추수감사절, 추수 감사절, 하느님에 대한 감사. theatrical: 극장의, 연극의, 연극 같은, 연극, 연극조의, 연극적 행동. vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는. workhouse: 소년원, 취역소, 감화원, 구빈원.

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In those years I taught rhetoric, and, overcome by cupidity, made sale of a loquacity to overcome by. Yet I preferred (Lord, Thou knowest) honest scholars (as they are accounted), and these I, without artifice, taught artifices, not to be practised against the life of the guiltless, though sometimes for the life of the guilty. And Thou, O God, from afar perceivedst me stumbling in that slippery course, and amid much smoke sending out some sparks of faithfulness, which I showed in that my guidance of such as loved vanity, and sought after leasing, myself their companion. In those years I had one, -not in that which is called lawful marriage, but whom I had found out in a wayward passion, void of understanding; yet but one, remaining faithful even to her; in whom I in my own case experienced what difference there is betwixt the self-restraint of the marriage-covenant, for the sake of issue, and the bargain of a lustful love, where children are born against their parents’ will, although, once born, they constrain love.% I remember also, that when I had settled to enter the lists for a theatrical prize, some wizard asked me what I would give him to win; but I, detesting and abhorring such foul mysteries, answered, “Though the garland were of imperishable gold, I would not suffer a fly to be killed to gain me it. “ For he was to kill some living creatures in his sacrifices, and by those honours to invite the devils to favour me. But this ill also I rejected, not out of a pure love for Thee, O God of my heart; for I knew not how to love Thee, who knew not how to conceive aught beyond a material brightness. And doth not a soul, sighing after such fictions, commit fornication against Thee, trust in things unreal, and feed the wind? Still I would not forsooth have sacrifices offered to devils for me, to whom I was sacrificing myself by that superstition. For what else is it to feed the wind, but to feed them, that is by going astray to become their pleasure and derision? Those impostors then, whom they style Mathematicians, I consulted without scruple; because they seemed to use no sacrifice, nor to pray to any spirit for their divinations: which art, however, Christian and true piety consistently rejects and condemns. For, it is a good thing to confess unto Thee, and to say,

Korean artifice: 개교, 고안, 책략, 모략, 기술, 교활, 기교, 교묘한 착상. betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에. constrain: 억누르다, 억제하다, 감금하다, 강제하다, 강요하다, 압박하다, 속박하다, 억지로 ...시키다. cupidity: 탐욕, 욕심. derision: 비웃음, 경멸, 조롱, 조소거리. faithfulness: 성실함, 정확함, 충심함,

충실. forsooth: 정말, 참말이지. garland: 화환, 영관, 고리 밧줄, 선집, 화관, 화환무늬, 꽃줄. imperishable: 불멸의, 불후의, 부패하지 않는, 불사의, 영원한. leasing: 거짓말, 거짓말함, 허위, 거짓말을 함. loquacity: 수다, 다변, 떠들석함. scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히, 주저하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저,

꺼리다, 스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심. self-restraint: 자제, 근신. superstition: 미신, 사교. wayward: 변덕스러운, 고집 센, 제멋대로 하는, 일정하지 않은, 정도에서 벗어난, 말을 안 듣는, 외고집의, 제 마음대로의, 흔들리는. wizard: 굉장한, 마술사, 천재, 천재적인, 귀재, 마법사, 성현, 마법의, 놀라운 재능를 가진 사람, 놀라운 솜씨를 가진 사람, 놀라운.

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Have mercy upon me, heal my soul, for I have sinned against Thee; and not to abuse Thy mercy for a licence to sin, but to remember the Lord’s words, Behold, thou art made whole, sin no more, lest a worse thing come unto thee. All which wholesome advice they labour to destroy, saying, “The cause of thy sin is inevitably determined in heaven”; and “This did Venus, or Saturn, or Mars”: that man, forsooth, flesh and blood, and proud corruption, might be blameless; while the Creator and Ordainer of heaven and the stars is to bear the blame. And who is He but our God? the very sweetness and well-spring of righteousness, who renderest to every man according to his works: and a broken and contrite heart wilt Thou not despise.% There was in those days a wise man, very skilful in physic, and renowned therein, who had with his own proconsular hand put the Agonistic garland upon my distempered head, but not as a physician: for this disease Thou only curest, who resistest the proud, and givest grace to the humble. But didst Thou fail me even by that old man, or forbear to heal my soul? For having become more acquainted with him, and hanging assiduously and fixedly on his speech (for though in simple terms, it was vivid, lively, and earnest), when he had gathered by my discourse that I was given to the books of nativity-casters, he kindly and fatherly advised me to cast them away, and not fruitlessly bestow a care and diligence, necessary for useful things, upon these vanities; saying, that he had in his earliest years studied that art, so as to make it the profession whereby he should live, and that, understanding Hippocrates, he could soon have understood such a study as this; and yet he had given it over, and taken to physic, for no other reason but that he found it utterly false; and he, a grave man, would not get his living by deluding people. “But thou,” saith he, “hast rhetoric to maintain thyself by, so that thou followest this of free choice, not of necessity: the more then oughtest thou to give me credit herein, who laboured to acquire it so perfectly as to get my living by it alone.” Of whom when I had demanded, how then could many true things be foretold by it, he answered me (as he could) “that the force of chance, diffused throughout the whole order of things, brought this about. For if when a man by haphazard opens the pages of some poet, who sang and thought of something wholly different, a verse oftentimes fell out,

Korean acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한. assiduously: 부지런히, 근면하게. blameless: 나무랄만한, 비난할 점이 없는. contrite: 죄를 깊이 뉘우치는, 죄를 뉘우친. diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진. diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차, 근민, 합승 마차. fatherly: 아버지의, 자비깊은,

아버지로서의. fixedly: 고정하여, 안정하여, 정착하여. forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다. foretold: 문치, 앞니. fruitlessly: 효과 없이, 열매가 없게, 무익하게. haphazard: 아무렇게나, 우연, 되는대로, 우연의, 되는대로의, 우연한.

laboured: 억지의, 어려운, 애쓴, 공들인, 곤란한, 문장 따위 고심한 흔적이 있는, 고심한 흔적이 있는. oftentimes: 자주. physic: 의술, 약을 머기다, 치료하다, 하제, 약, 에게 약을 먹이다. physician: 의사, 내과 의사. proconsular: 총독 의. skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진. thy: 그대의. thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신.

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wondrously agreeable to the present business: it were not to be wondered at, if out of the soul of man, unconscious what takes place in it, by some higher instinct an answer should be given, by hap, not by art, corresponding to the business and actions of the demander.” And thus much, either from or through him, Thou conveyedst to me, and tracedst in my memory, what I might hereafter examine for myself. But at that time neither he, nor my dearest Nebridius, a youth singularly good and of a holy fear, who derided the whole body of divination, could persuade me to cast it aside, the authority of the authors swaying me yet more, and as yet I had found no certain proof (such as I sought) whereby it might without all doubt appear, that what had been truly foretold by those consulted was the result of haphazard, not of the art of the star-gazers.% In those years when I first began to teach rhetoric in my native town, I had made one my friend, but too dear to me, from a community of pursuits, of mine own age, and, as myself, in the first opening flower of youth. He had grown up of a child with me, and we had been both school-fellows and play-fellows. But he was not yet my friend as afterwards, nor even then, as true friendship is; for true it cannot be, unless in such as Thou cementest together, cleaving unto Thee, by that love which is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost, which is given unto us. Yet was it but too sweet, ripened by the warmth of kindred studies: for, from the true faith (which he as a youth had not soundly and thoroughly imbibed), I had warped him also to those superstitious and pernicious fables, for which my mother bewailed me. With me he now erred in mind, nor could my soul be without him. But behold Thou wert close on the steps of Thy fugitives, at once God of vengeance, and Fountain of mercies, turning us to Thyself by wonderful means; Thou tookest that man out of this life, when he had scarce filled up one whole year of my friendship, sweet to me above all sweetness of that my life. Who can recount all Thy praises, which he hath felt in his one self? What diddest Thou then, my God, and how unsearchable is the abyss of Thy judgments? For long, sore sick of a fever, he lay senseless in a death-sweat; and

Korean divination: 예언, 점, 전조, 예감. hap: 우연, 행운, 우연한 일, 일어나다, 우연이 일어나다. hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이후. instinct: 본능, 천성, 가득 찬, 넘치는, 배어든, 직각력, 가득찬. kindred: 유사, 혈족, 친척 관계, 일가 권속, 혈족의, 같은 성질의, 친척, 같은 종류의, 같은 종류, 혈연, 혈연의.

recount: 계산을 다시하다, 다시세다, 열거하다, 이야기 하다, 이야기하다, 자세히 말하다, 재계산, 재계표, 다시 세기, 상세히 말하다, 투표 따위의 다시 세기. scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한, 결석하다, 결핍한. senseless: 무감각한, 무분별한, 무의식의, 몰상식한, 무감각의, 무의미한. singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게,

훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한, 현저한. soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한, 합리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은, 안전한, 건전하게. unsearchable: 신비한, 찾아낼수없는. vengeance: 복수, 극단으로, 철저하게, 원수 갚기, 원수갚기. wondrously: 불가사의하게, 놀랄만하게.

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his recovery being despaired of, he was baptised, unknowing; myself meanwhile little regarding, and presuming that his soul would retain rather what it had received of me, not what was wrought on his unconscious body. But it proved far otherwise: for he was refreshed, and restored. Forthwith, as soon as I could speak with him (and I could, so soon as he was able, for I never left him, and we hung but too much upon each other), I essayed to jest with him, as though he would jest with me at that baptism which he had received, when utterly absent in mind and feeling, but had now understood that he had received. But he so shrunk from me, as from an enemy; and with a wonderful and sudden freedom bade me, as I would continue his friend, forbear such language to him. I, all astonished and amazed, suppressed all my emotions till he should grow well, and his health were strong enough for me to deal with him as I would. But he was taken away from my frenzy, that with Thee he might be preserved for my comfort; a few days after in my absence, he was attacked again by the fever, and so departed.% At this grief my heart was utterly darkened; and whatever I beheld was death. My native country was a torment to me, and my father’s house a strange unhappiness; and whatever I had shared with him, wanting him, became a distracting torture. Mine eyes sought him every where, but he was not granted them; and I hated all places, for that they had not him; nor could they now tell me, “he is coming,” as when he was alive and absent. I became a great riddle to myself, and I asked my soul, why she was so sad, and why she disquieted me sorely: but she knew not what to answer me. And if I said, Trust in God, she very rightly obeyed me not; because that most dear friend, whom she had lost, was, being man, both truer and better than that phantasm she was bid to trust in. Only tears were sweet to me, for they succeeded my friend, in the dearest of my affections. And now, Lord, these things are passed by, and time hath assuaged my wound. May I learn from Thee, who art Truth, and approach the ear of my heart unto Thy mouth, that Thou mayest tell me why weeping is sweet to the miserable? Hast Thou, although present every where, cast away our misery far

Korean amazed: 놀란. riddle: 수수께끼, 풀다, 정사하다, astonished: 놀란. 어레미, 수수께끼 같은 말을 하다, frenzy: 격앙, 광란, 열광, 격앙시키다, 난제, 난문, 체질하다, 탄환 등으로 격분, 광포. 구멍 투성이로 만들다, 체질해 내다, jest: 웃음거리, 농담, 희롱, 우롱하다, 통과하다. 놀리다, 농담을 하다, 농담하다, sorely: 슬픈, 따끔 따끔 쑤시는, 까불다. 고통을일으키는, 상처, 성난, 비통, miserable: 비참한, 불쌍한, 초라한, 힘사게, 아프게, 진무른데, 지독한, 딱한, 빈약한, 천박한. 격심한. presuming: 주제넘은, 뻔뻔스러운, torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다, 염치없는. 나무라다, 그원인, 고민, 괴롭힘,

곤란하게 하다, 고문대. torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통. unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참. unknowing: 모르는, 무지한, 알지 못하는. wrought: 만든, 세공한, 가공한, 꾸민, 두들겨 만든.

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from %Thee? And Thou abidest in Thyself, but we are tossed about in divers trials. And yet unless we mourned in Thine ears, we should have no hope left. Whence then is sweet fruit gathered from the bitterness of life, from groaning, tears, sighs, and complaints? Doth this sweeten it, that we hope Thou hearest? This is true of prayer, for therein is a longing to approach unto Thee. But is it also in grief for a thing lost, and the sorrow wherewith I was then overwhelmed? For I neither hoped he should return to life nor did I desire this with my tears; but I wept only and grieved. For I was miserable, and had lost my joy. Or is weeping indeed a bitter thing, and for very loathing of the things which we before enjoyed, does it then, when we shrink from them, please us? But what speak I of these things? for now is no time to question, but to confess unto Thee. Wretched I was; and wretched is every soul bound by the friendship of perishable things; he is torn asunder when he loses them, and then he feels the wretchedness which he had ere yet he lost them. So was it then with me; I wept most bitterly, and found my repose in bitterness. Thus was I wretched, and that wretched life I held dearer than my friend. For though I would willingly have changed it, yet was I more unwilling to part with it than with him; yea, I know not whether I would have parted with it even for him, as is related (if not feigned) of Pylades and Orestes, that they would gladly have died for each other or together, not to live together being to them worse than death. But in me there had arisen some unexplained feeling, too contrary to this, for at once I loathed exceedingly to live and feared to die. I suppose, the more I loved him, the more did I hate, and fear (as a most cruel enemy) death, which had bereaved me of him: and I imagined it would speedily make an end of all men, since it had power over him. Thus was it with me, I remember. Behold my heart, O my God, behold and see into me; for well I remember it, O my Hope, who cleansest me from the impurity of such affections, directing mine eyes towards Thee, and plucking my feet out of the snare. For I wondered that others, subject to death, did live, since he whom I loved, as if he should never die, was dead; and I wondered yet more that myself, who was to him a second self, could live, he being dead. Well said one of his friend, “Thou half of my soul”; for I felt that my soul and his soul were “one soul in two bodies”: and

Korean asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로, 따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서, 조각조각, 조각조각으로, 떨어져. bereaved: 죽음을 당한, 뒤에 남겨진, 유족, 사별한 사람, 여읜, 잃은. bitterly: 쓰게, 격심하게, 비참하게, 몹시, 살을 에듯이, 통렬히. bitterness: 씀, 비참함, 격심함, 고통, 신랄, 불황. ere: 하기 전에, 오히려. exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우,

굉장히. impurity: 불결, 음란, 불순물, 불순, 외설불순물, 혼합물. loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, 혐오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는. parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진, 갈라진. perishable: 부패하기 쉬운, 수송중에 부패되기 쉬운 것, 부패되기 쉬운 식품, 부패되기 쉬운 물건. snare: 향현, 덫, 유혹하다.

speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한, 민속한, 빨리. sweeten: 달게 하다, 좋아지다, 좋게하다, 유쾌하게 하다, 누그러지다, 달게 되다, 의 느낌을 좋게 하다, 의 매력을 높이다, 의 비위를 맞추다, 의 울림을 좋게 하다, 의 입맛을 좋게 하다. unwilling: 마음 내키지 않은, 바라지 않는, 마음 내키지 않는, 반항적인. wretchedness: 야비, 불쾌, 연민.

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therefore was my life a horror to me, because I would not live halved. And therefore perchance I feared to die, lest he whom I had much loved should die wholly.% O madness, which knowest not how to love men, like men! O foolish man that I then was, enduring impatiently the lot of man! I fretted then, sighed, wept, was distracted; had neither rest nor counsel. For I bore about a shattered and bleeding soul, impatient of being borne by me, yet where to repose it, I found not. Not in calm groves, not in games and music, nor in fragrant spots, nor in curious banquetings, nor in the pleasures of the bed and the couch; nor (finally) in books or poesy, found it repose. All things looked ghastly, yea, the very light; whatsoever was not what he was, was revolting and hateful, except groaning and tears. For in those alone found I a little refreshment. But when my soul was withdrawn from them a huge load of misery weighed me down. To Thee, O Lord, it ought to have been raised, for Thee to lighten; I knew it; but neither could nor would; the more, since, when I thought of Thee, Thou wert not to me any solid or substantial thing. For Thou wert not Thyself, but a mere phantom, and my error was my God. If I offered to discharge my load thereon, that it might rest, it glided through the void, and came rushing down again on me; and I had remained to myself a hapless spot, where I could neither be, nor be from thence. For whither should my heart flee from my heart? Whither should I flee from myself? Whither not follow myself? And yet I fled out of my country; for so should mine eyes less look for him, where they were not wont to see him. And thus from Thagaste, I came to Carthage. Times lose no time; nor do they roll idly by; through our senses they work strange operations on the mind. Behold, they went and came day by day, and by coming and going, introduced into my mind other imaginations and other remembrances; and little by little patched me up again with my old kind of delights, unto which that my sorrow gave way. And yet there succeeded, not indeed other griefs, yet the causes of other griefs. For whence had that former grief so easily reached my very inmost soul, but that I had poured out my soul upon the dust, in loving one that must die, as if he would never die? For what

Korean distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간. 헛되이, 빈둥거려, 빈둥거리며, enduring: 영속적인, 참는, 참을 수 하는일 없이, 게을리, 한는 일 없이. 있는. lighten: 밝게 하다, 밝아지다, 빛나다, fragrant: 상쾌한, 냄새가좋은, 냄새가 빛깔을 엷게 하다, 비추다, 번쩍이다, 좋은, 향기로운. 에게 광명을 주다, 가볍게하다, ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한, 환해지다, 경감하다, 의 빛깔을 엷게 송장같은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린, 하다. 무섭게, 무서운, 할쑥한, 심한, perchance: 아마, 우연히, 어쩌면. 무시무시하게. phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두, hapless: 불행한, 불운한. 유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비, idly: 무익하게, 멍하니, 게으르게, 모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람.

poesy: 시, 운문, 작시. refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단한 음식물, 간단한 음식물. remembrances: 전언, 안부를 묻는 전언. revolting: 구역나는, 메스꺼운, 반란하는, 불쾌감을 일으키는, 싫은, 지긋지긋한, 반란을 일으키는.

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restored and refreshed me chiefly was the solaces of other friends, with whom I did love, what instead of Thee I loved; and this was a great fable, and protracted lie, by whose adulterous stimulus, our soul, which lay itching in our ears, was being defiled. But that fable would not die to me, so oft as any of my friends died. There were other things which in them did more take my mind; to talk and jest together, to do kind offices by turns; to read together honied books; to play the fool or be earnest together; to dissent at times without discontent, as a man might with his own self; and even with the seldomness of these dissentings, to season our more frequent consentings; sometimes to teach, and sometimes learn; long for the absent with impatience; and welcome the coming with joy. These and the like expressions, proceeding out of the hearts of those that loved and were loved again, by the countenance, the tongue, the eyes, and a thousand pleasing gestures, were so much fuel to melt our souls together, and out of many make but one.% This is it that is loved in friends; and so loved, that a man’s conscience condemns itself, if he love not him that loves him again, or love not again him that loves him, looking for nothing from his person but indications of his love. Hence that mourning, if one die, and darkenings of sorrows, that steeping of the heart in tears, all sweetness turned to bitterness; and upon the loss of life of the dying, the death of the living. Blessed whoso loveth Thee, and his friend in Thee, and his enemy for Thee. For he alone loses none dear to him, to whom all are dear in Him who cannot be lost. And who is this but our God, the God that made heaven and earth, and filleth them, because by filling them He created them? Thee none loseth, but who leaveth. And who leaveth Thee, whither goeth or whither teeth he, but from Thee well-pleased, to Thee displeased? For where doth he not find Thy law in his own punishment? And Thy law is truth, and truth Thou. Turn us, O God of Hosts, show us Thy countenance, and we shall be whole. For whithersoever the soul of man turns itself, unless toward Thee, it is riveted upon sorrows, yea though it is riveted on things beautiful. And yet they, out of Thee, and out of the soul, were not, unless they were from Thee. They rise, and

Korean adulterous: 간통의, 가짜의, 섞음질한, 불순한, 불의의. chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선. conscience: 양심, 도의심, 선악의 관념. discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 불만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 있는. dissent: 국교 반대, 의견을 달리하다, 이의를 말하다, 이의, 영국 교회에 반대하다, 불찬성, 다수 의견에

반대하는 의견, 국교에 반대하다. honied: 붙임성 있는, 꿀이 있는, 꿀로 달게 한, 꿀이 많은. impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 안달, 성급. loves: 사랑. melt: 녹다, 가엾은 생각이 나다, 녹아 없어지다, 녹아 섞이다, 풀리다, 용해, 누그러지다, 흩뜨리다, 감정 따위가 누그러지다, 소리가 부드럽게

울려퍼지다, 부드럽게 울려퍼지다. offices: 부엌, 진력. proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행위, 의사, 진행. protracted: 오래 끈. toward: 에 대하여, 을 위하여, 가까이, 온순한, 으로의, 의 쪽으로, 무렵, 쪽으로, 바야흐로 일어나려는, 에 가까이, 전도 유망한. whithersoever: 하는 곳은 어디든지.

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set; %and by rising, they begin as it were to be; they grow, that they may be perfected; and perfected, they wax old and wither; and all grow not old, but all wither. So then when they rise and tend to be, the more quickly they grow that they may be, so much the more they haste not to be. This is the law of them. Thus much has Thou allotted them, because they are portions of things, which exist not all at once, but by passing away and succeeding, they together complete that universe, whereof they are portions. And even thus is our speech completed by signs giving forth a sound: but this again is not perfected unless one word pass away when it hath sounded its part, that another may succeed. Out of all these things let my soul praise Thee, O God, Creator of all; yet let not my soul be riveted unto these things with the glue of love, through the senses of the body. For they go whither they were to go, that they might not be; and they rend her with pestilent longings, because she longs to be, yet loves to repose in what she loves. But in these things is no place of repose; they abide not, they flee; and who can follow them with the senses of the flesh? yea, who can grasp them, when they are hard by? For the sense of the flesh is slow, because it is the sense of the flesh; and thereby is it bounded. It sufficeth for that it was made for; but it sufficeth not to stay things running their course from their appointed startingplace to the end appointed. For in Thy Word, by which they are created, they hear their decree, “hence and hitherto.” Be not foolish, O my soul, nor become deaf in the ear of thine heart with the tumult of thy folly. Hearken thou too. The Word itself calleth thee to return: and there is the place of rest imperturbable, where love is not forsaken, if itself forsaketh not. Behold, these things pass away, that others may replace them, and so this lower universe be completed by all his parts. But do I depart any whither? saith the Word of God. There fix thy dwelling, trust there whatsoever thou hast thence, O my soul, at least now thou art tired out with vanities. Entrust Truth, whatsoever thou hast from the Truth, and thou shalt lose nothing; and thy decay shall bloom again, and all thy diseases be healed, and thy mortal parts be reformed and renewed, and bound around thee: nor shall they lay thee whither themselves descend; but

Korean bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, 경과하다, 서두르다, 급속히 succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의. 건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, 지나가다. thine: 너의 것. 특정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, 특정 glue: 아교, 아풀로 붙이다, 아교의, 딱 wax: 밀랍, 납, 증대하다, 밀로 만든, 장소의 꽃. 붙어서 떨어지지 않다, 아교로 밀의, 밀로 닦다, 밀을 바르다, 밀을 descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 붙이다. 입히다, 격분, 차차 커지다, 불끈하기. 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, reformed: 신교의, 개심한, 개혁된, whatsoever: 일은 무엇이든지, 도대체 지평선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 개량된, 칼빈파의, 종교개혁파의. 무엇이, 것은 무엇이든지. 내리받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 rend: 쪼개지다, 째지다, 강탈하다, wither: 쇠퇴시키다, 시들다, 움직이다, 계통을 잇다. 비틀어 떼다, 찢다, 찌르다, 움츠러들게 하다, 이울다, 식다, flee: 도망하다, 사라지다, 질주하다, 분열시키다, 쥐어 뜯다, 괴롭히다, 이울게하다, 위축시키다, 약해지다, 달아나다, 도망치다, 급속히 떼어놓다, 산란하게 하다. 손상하다, 시들게 하다.

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they shall stand fast with thee, and abide for ever before God, Who abideth and standeth fast for ever.% Why then be perverted and follow thy flesh? Be it converted and follow thee. Whatever by her thou hast sense of, is in part; and the whole, whereof these are parts, thou knowest not; and yet they delight thee. But had the sense of thy flesh a capacity for comprehending the whole, and not itself also, for thy punishment, been justly restricted to a part of the whole, thou wouldest, that whatsoever existeth at this present, should pass away, that so the whole might better please thee. For what we speak also, by the same sense of the flesh thou hearest; yet wouldest not thou have the syllables stay, but fly away, that others may come, and thou hear the whole. And so ever, when any one thing is made up of many, all of which do not exist together, all collectively would please more than they do severally, could all be perceived collectively. But far better than these is He who made all; and He is our God, nor doth He pass away, for neither doth aught succeed Him. If bodies please thee, praise God on occasion of them, and turn back thy love upon their Maker; lest in these things which please thee, thou displease. If souls please thee, be they loved in God: for they too are mutable, but in Him are they firmly stablished; else would they pass, and pass away. In Him then be they beloved; and carry unto Him along with thee what souls thou canst, and say to them, “Him let us love, Him let us love: He made these, nor is He far off. For He did not make them, and so depart, but they are of Him, and in Him. See there He is, where truth is loved. He is within the very heart, yet hath the heart strayed from Him. Go back into your heart, ye transgressors, and cleave fast to Him that made you. Stand with Him, and ye shall stand fast. Rest in Him, and ye shall be at rest. Whither go ye in rough ways? Whither go ye? The good that you love is from Him; but it is good and pleasant through reference to Him, and justly shall it be embittered, because unjustly is any thing loved which is from Him, if He be forsaken for it. To what end then would ye still and still walk these difficult and toilsome ways? There is no rest, where ye seek it. Seek what ye seek; but it is not there where ye seek. Ye seek a blessed life in the land of

Korean beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌, 기쁘게 하는 것, 소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내, 매우 기쁘게 하다. 가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, displease: 불쾌하게 하다, 성나게 애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아, 하다. 사랑스러운. punishment: 학대, 처벌, 형벌, 벌, blessed: 축복을 받은, 행복한, 복된, 강타, 가혹한 처사, 경기 등에서 신성한, 저주받은, 축복받은, 축성된, 지치게 함, 징벌, 지치게 함. 기쁜. restricted: 한정된, 제한된, 기밀의, collectively: 집단적으로. 백인 기독교도에 한정된, 대외비의, converted: 전환된, 개장한, 개종한. 제약된 집단에 한정된, 특정사회 delight: 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 즐기다, 집단에 한정된, 제약된, 특정인에게

한정된. succeed: 에 계속하다, 성공하다, 잇따라 일어나다, 계속되다, 입신하다, 의 뒤를 잇다, 계승하다, 의 자리를 계승하다, 후임이 되다. toilsome: 고된, 힘드는. unjustly: 불공평하게, 부정하게, 부당하게. ye: 너희들, 호칭으로 사용, 이인칭 대명사의 복수형, 명령문에서 사용, 이인칭 대명사.

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death; %it is not there. For how should there be a blessed life where life itself is not? “But our true Life came down hither, and bore our death, and slew him, out of the abundance of His own life: and He thundered, calling aloud to us to return hence to Him into that secret place, whence He came forth to us, first into the Virgin’s womb, wherein He espoused the human creation, our mortal flesh, that it might not be for ever mortal, and thence like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, rejoicing as a giant to run his course. For He lingered not, but ran, calling aloud by words, deeds, death, life, descent, ascension; crying aloud to us to return unto Him. And He departed from our eyes, that we might return into our heart, and there find Him. For He departed, and to, He is here. He would not be long with us, yet left us not; for He departed thither, whence He never parted, because the world was made by Him. And in this world He was, and into this world He came to save sinners, unto whom my soul confesseth, and He healeth it, for it hath sinned against Him. O ye sons of men, how long so slow of heart? Even now, after the descent of Life to you, will ye not ascend and live? But whither ascend ye, when ye are on high, and set your mouth against the heavens? Descend, that ye may ascend, and ascend to God. For ye have fallen, by ascending against Him.” Tell them this, that they may weep in the valley of tears, and so carry them up with thee unto God; because out of His spirit thou speakest thus unto them, if thou speakest, burning with the fire of charity. These things I then knew not, and I loved these lower beauties, and I was sinking to the very depths, and to my friends I said, “Do we love any thing but the beautiful? What then is the beautiful? and what is beauty? What is it that attracts and wins us to the things we love? for unless there were in them a grace and beauty, they could by no means draw us unto them.” And I marked and perceived that in bodies themselves, there was a beauty, from their forming a sort of whole, and again, another from apt and mutual correspondence, as of a part of the body with its whole, or a shoe with a foot, and the like. And this consideration sprang up in my mind, out of my inmost heart, and I wrote “on the

Korean apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는. ascend: 오르다, 오르막이되다, 시대가 거슬러 올라가다, 올라가다, 에 오르다, 높아지다, 을 오르다, 오르막이 되다, 등귀하다, 상향, 거슬러 올라가다. ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르는, 위를 향한. ascension: 상승, 즉위, 예수의 승천,

오름, 올라감, 승천. bridegroom: 신랑. crying: 외치는, 긴급한, 울부짖는, 심한, 좌시할 수없는, 지독한. departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인, 지나간, 죽은사람. depths: 깊은 곳. descent: 내리받이, 상속, 하강, 가계, 내리받이 길, 강하, 가문, 급습, 세습, 한 세대, 혈통. hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로,

여기에. shoe: 구두, 신, 편자, 단화, 접촉부, 끝쇠, 타이어의 외피, 이왕 내친 걸음이면 끝까지, 집전장치, 구두를 신기다, 구두 모양의 것. sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약 가라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는. slew: 많음, 회전, 습지, 진창, 수두룩함, 돌다, 돌리다, 늪. thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽으로.

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fair and fit,” I think, two or three books. Thou knowest, O Lord, for it is gone from me; for I have them not, but they are strayed from me, I know not how.% But what moved me, O Lord my God, to dedicate these books unto Hierius, an orator of Rome, whom I knew not by face, but loved for the fame of his learning which was eminent in him, and some words of his I had heard, which pleased me? But more did he please me, for that he pleased others, who highly extolled him, amazed that out of a Syrian, first instructed in Greek eloquence, should afterwards be formed a wonderful Latin orator, and one most learned in things pertaining unto philosophy. One is commended, and, unseen, he is loved: doth this love enter the heart of the hearer from the mouth of the commender? Not so. But by one who loveth is another kindled. For hence he is loved who is commended, when the commender is believed to extol him with an unfeigned heart; that is, when one that loves him, praises him. For so did I then love men, upon the judgment of men, not Thine, O my God, in Whom no man is deceived. But yet why not for qualities, like those of a famous charioteer, or fighter with beasts in the theatre, known far and wide by a vulgar popularity, but far otherwise, and earnestly, and so as I would be myself commended? For I would not be commended or loved, as actors are (though I myself did commend and love them), but had rather be unknown, than so known; and even hated, than so loved. Where now are the impulses to such various and divers kinds of loves laid up in one soul? Why, since we are equally men, do I love in another what, if I did not hate, I should not spurn and cast from myself? For it holds not, that as a good horse is loved by him, who would not, though he might, be that horse, therefore the same may be said of an actor, who shares our nature. Do I then love in a man, what I hate to be, who am a man? Man himself is a great deep, whose very hairs Thou numberest, O Lord, and they fall not to the ground without Thee. And yet are the hairs of his head easier to be numbered than his feelings, and the beatings of his heart. But that orator was of that sort whom I loved, as wishing to be myself such; and I erred through a swelling pride, and was tossed about with every wind, but yet was steered by Thee, though very secretly. And whence do I know, and

Korean charioteer: 차로 나르다, 몰다, 이륜 전차를 모는 사람, 이륜 전차를 몰다. dedicate: 바치다, 봉납하다, 증정하다, 공공용으로 제공하다, 공식으로 개관하다, 헌납하다, 헌정하다. earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으로, 열심히. eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한, 뛰어난, 저명한, 돌출한. fame: 명성, 유명하게 만들다, 평판, 인기.

fighter: 투사, 전투기, 권투선수, 싸우는 사람, 싸우는사람, 직업 권투 선수, 전사. hearer: 듣는 사람, 방청자, 청취자. popularity: 인기, 인망, 유행, 통속성, 대중성, 통속. secretly: 비밀히, 소리를 내지 않고, 몰래. spurn: 일축, 퇴짜, 자빡, 일축하다, 걷어차다, 걷어차기, 쫑아버리다, 쫓아버리다, 딱 거절하다, 차버림,

차다. swelling: 팽창, 기복, 종기, 부푼, 증대 융기한, 증대, 융기한, 팽윤. unfeigned: 거짓 없는, 거짓없는. unseen: 눈에 보이지 않는, 보이지않는, 본적이없는, 아직 본 일이 없는, 즉석의, 보이지 않는 것. vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인, 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한, 평민, 일반대중의.

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whence do I confidently confess unto Thee, that I had loved him more for the love of his commenders, than for the very things for which he was commended? Because, had he been unpraised, and these self-same men had dispraised him, and with dispraise and contempt told the very same things of him, I had never been so kindled and excited to love him. And yet the things had not been other, nor he himself other; but only the feelings of the relators. See where the impotent soul lies along, that is not yet stayed up by the solidity of truth! Just as the gales of tongues blow from the breast of the opinionative, so is it carried this way and that, driven forward and backward, and the light is overclouded to it, and the truth unseen. And to, it is before us. And it was to me a great matter, that my discourse and labours should be known to that man: which should he approve, I were the more kindled; but if he disapproved, my empty heart, void of Thy solidity, had been wounded. And yet the “fair and fit,” whereon I wrote to him, I dwelt on with pleasure, and surveyed it, and admired it, though none joined therein.% But I saw not yet, whereon this weighty matter turned in Thy wisdom, O Thou Omnipotent, who only doest wonders; and my mind ranged through corporeal forms; and “fair,” I defined and distinguished what is so in itself, and “fit,” whose beauty is in correspondence to some other thing: and this I supported by corporeal examples. And I turned to the nature of the mind, but the false notion which I had of spiritual things, let me not see the truth. Yet the force of truth did of itself flash into mine eyes, and I turned away my panting soul from incorporeal substance to lineaments, and colours, and bulky magnitudes. And not being able to see these in the mind, I thought I could not see my mind. And whereas in virtue I loved peace, and in viciousness I abhorred discord; in the first I observed a unity, but in the other, a sort of division. And in that unity I conceived the rational soul, and the nature of truth and of the chief good to consist; but in this division I miserably imagined there to be some unknown substance of irrational life, and the nature of the chief evil, which should not only be a substance, but real life also, and yet not derived from Thee, O my God, of whom are all things. And yet that first I called a Monad, as it had been a soul without sex; but the latter a Duad; -anger, in deeds of violence,

Korean backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, solidity: 견고, 고체성, 견실, 단단함, 뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 성교불능자. 밀도 짙음, 체적, 굳음, 실질적임, 거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, incorporeal: 무형의, 형체가 없는, 입체성, 고체. 후방으로, 퇴보하여. 영적인, 영적인무체 상속재산. void: 무효의, 빈, 공간, 배설하다, bulky: 거대한, 부피가 큰, irrational: 이성이 없는, 불합리한, 무효로 하다, 공허, 빈곳, 비어 있는, 다루기힘든, 부피가큰, 다루기 힘든. 무리의 부진근수의무리수, 분별없는, 무익한, 공허한, 취소하다. discord: 불일치, 불협화음, 일치하지 무리수의, 무리수, 무리의, weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 않다, 불화하다, 부조화, 불화, 부진근수의. 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 협화하지 않다. opinionative: 소신상의, 의견의, 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한, 견해상의, 고집센, 자기주장을 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 노쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한, 고집하는. 세력 있는, 무게있는.

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and in flagitiousness, lust; not knowing whereof I spake. For I had not known or learned that neither was evil a substance, nor our soul that chief and unchangeable good.% For as deeds of violence arise, if that emotion of the soul be corrupted, whence vehement action springs, stirring itself insolently and unrulily; and lusts, when that affection of the soul is ungoverned, whereby carnal pleasures are drunk in, so do errors and false opinions defile the conversation, if the reasonable soul itself be corrupted; as it was then in me, who knew not that it must be enlightened by another light, that it may be partaker of truth, seeing itself is not that nature of truth. For Thou shalt light my candle, O Lord my God, Thou shalt enlighten my darkness: and of Thy fulness have we all received, for Thou art the true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world; for in Thee there is no variableness, neither shadow of change. But I pressed towards Thee, and was thrust from Thee, that I might taste of death: for thou resistest the proud. But what prouder, than for me with a strange madness to maintain myself to be that by nature which Thou art? For whereas I was subject to change (so much being manifest to me, my very desire to become wise, being the wish, of worse to become better), yet chose I rather to imagine Thee subject to change, and myself not to be that which Thou art. Therefore I was repelled by Thee, and Thou resistedst my vain stiffneckedness, and I imagined corporeal forms, and, myself flesh, I accused flesh; and, a wind that passeth away, I returned not to Thee, but I passed on and on to things which have no being, neither in Thee, nor in me, nor in the body. Neither were they created for me by Thy truth, but by my vanity devised out of things corporeal. And I was wont to ask Thy faithful little ones, my fellow-citizens (from whom, unknown to myself, I stood exiled), I was wont, prating and foolishly, to ask them, “Why then doth the soul err which God created?” But I would not be asked, “Why then doth God err?” And I maintained that Thy unchangeable substance did err upon constraint, rather than confess that my changeable substance had gone astray voluntarily, and now, in punishment, lay in error.

Korean candle: 양초, 촉광, 빛을 내는 것, 촛불에 비추어 살피다, 등불에 비쳐서 조사하다, 재산을 낭비하다, 양초 모양의 것, 별, 등불. constraint: 강제, 속박, 거북스러움, 억압, 어색함, 압박, 조심스러움. drunk: 주정뱅이, 술취한, 취한, 술주정뱅이, 술좌석, 도취된. emotion: 감동, 정서, 감정. enlighten: 계몽하다, 명백하게 하다, 교화하다, 밝히다, 빛을 비추다.

enlightened: 계몽된, 밝은, 개화된, 견식 있는, 계발된, 문명의, 문명화한, 진보한, 훤히 통달한. err: 잘못하다, 죄를 범하다, 그르치다. foolishly: 어리석게도, 바보같이, 미련하게, 어리석게. insolently: 무례한, 안하무인의. madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신 착란. manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을

발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다. partaker: 관계자, 분담자, 관여자, 함께 하는 사람, 함께하는 사람. stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는. ungoverned: 지배 당하지 않은. vehement: 열렬한, 격렬한, 열정적인. voluntarily: 자유의사로, 자발적으로, 임의로, 자원해서.

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I was then some six or seven and twenty years old when I wrote those volumes; revolving within me corporeal fictions, buzzing in the ears of my heart, which I turned, O sweet truth, to thy inward melody, meditating on the “fair and fit,” and longing to stand and hearken to Thee, and to rejoice greatly at the Bridegroom’s voice, but could not; for by the voices of mine own errors, I was hurried abroad, and through the weight of my own pride, I was sinking into the lowest pit. For Thou didst not make me to hear joy and gladness, nor did the bones exult which were not yet humbled.% And what did it profit me, that scarce twenty years old, a book of Aristotle, which they call the often Predicaments, falling into my hands (on whose very name I hung, as on something great and divine, so often as my rhetoric master of Carthage, and others, accounted learned, mouthed it with cheeks bursting with pride), I read and understood it unaided? And on my conferring with others, who said that they scarcely understood it with very able tutors, not only orally explaining it, but drawing many things in sand, they could tell me no more of it than I had learned, reading it by myself. And the book appeared to me to speak very clearly of substances, such as “man,” and of their qualities, as the figure of a man, of what sort it is; and stature, how many feet high; and his relationship, whose brother he is; or where placed; or when born; or whether he stands or sits; or be shod or armed; or does, or suffers anything; and all the innumerable things which might be ranged under these nine Predicaments, of which I have given some specimens, or under that chief Predicament of Substance. What did all this further me, seeing it even hindered me? when, imagining whatever was, was comprehended under those often Predicaments, I essayed in such wise to understand, O my God, Thy wonderful and unchangeable Unity also, as if Thou also hadst been subjected to Thine own greatness or beauty; so that (as in bodies) they should exist in Thee, as their subject: whereas Thou Thyself art Thy greatness and beauty; but a body is not great or fair in that it is a body, seeing that, though it were less great or fair, it should notwithstanding be a body. But it was falsehood which of Thee I conceived, not truth, fictions of my

Korean armed: 무장한. buzzing: 윙윙거리는. cheeks: 측면, 궁둥이. divine: 비범한, 신성한, 신의, 종교적인, 성직자, 예언하다, 신성의, 신수의, 알아채다, 점치다, 신학자. gladness: 기쁨, 즐거움. greatly: 위대하게, 매우, 크게, 대단히, 훨씬, 숭고하게, 심히, 관대하게. greatness: 큼, 탁월, 위대, 다대함, 저명, 웅대, 다대, 거대, 거대함, 중대,

다량. hearken: 귀를 기울이다. hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는. innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는. lowest: 최하의, 최소의. melody: 해조, 선율, 아름다운 곡조, 곡, 가곡, 멜로디. notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, 그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고,

함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도. orally: 구두로, 말로. revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의, 회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의. rhetoric: 수사학, 과장, 매력, 수사, 설득력, 수사적기교, 웅변술, 화려한문체, 수사법, 미사, 수사학의. scarcely: 겨우, 거의, 이 아니다, 하지 않는 일은 좀처럼 없다, 간신히. unaided: 도움을 받지 않은, 남의 도움이 없는.

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misery, not the realities of Thy blessedness. For Thou hadst commanded, and it was done in me, that the earth should bring forth briars and thorns to me, and that in the sweat of my brows I should eat my bread.% And what did it profit me, that all the books I could procure of the so-called liberal arts, I, the vile slave of vile affections, read by myself, and understood? And I delighted in them, but knew not whence came all, that therein was true or certain. For I had my back to the light, and my face to the things enlightened; whence my face, with which I discerned the things enlightened, itself was not enlightened. Whatever was written, either on rhetoric, or logic, geometry, music, and arithmetic, by myself without much difficulty or any instructor, I understood, Thou knowest, O Lord my God; because both quickness of understanding, and acuteness in discerning, is Thy gift: yet did I not thence sacrifice to Thee. So then it served not to my use, but rather to my perdition, since I went about to get so good a portion of my substance into my own keeping; and I kept not my strength for Thee, but wandered from Thee into a far country, to spend it upon harlotries. For what profited me good abilities, not employed to good uses? For I felt not that those arts were attained with great difficulty, even by the studious and talented, until I attempted to explain them to such; when he most excelled in them who followed me not altogether slowly. But what did this further me, imagining that Thou, O Lord God, the Truth, wert a vast and bright body, and I a fragment of that body? Perverseness too great! But such was I. Nor do I blush, O my God, to confess to Thee Thy mercies towards me, and to call upon Thee, who blushed not then to profess to men my blasphemies, and to bark against Thee. What profited me then my nimble wit in those sciences and all those most knotty volumes, unravelied by me, without aid from human instruction; seeing I erred so foully, and with such sacrilegious shamefulness, in the doctrine of piety? Or what hindrance was a far slower wit to Thy little ones, since they departed not far from Thee, that in the nest of Thy Church they might securely be fledged, and nourish the wings of charity, by the food of a sound faith. O Lord our God, under the shadow of Thy wings let us hope; protect us, and carry us. Thou wilt carry us both when little, and even to

Korean acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함. blessedness: 행운, 행복. discerning: 명민한, 시별력이 있는, 분별력이 있는, 식별력 있는 사람들, 식별력이 있는, 통찰력이 있는. fledged: 깃털이 다 난, 성인이 된, 다 자란, 날아갈 수 있을 만큼 성장한, 날 수 있게 된, 제 구실을 할 나이가 된, 깃털이 다 새 새끼를 기르는, 깃털이 다 날 때까지 기르는, 깃털이 다 나는, 깃털을 다는.

foully: 부정하게, 지저분하게, 불쾌하게, 악랄하게, 더럽게, 불결하게, 상스러운 말로. hindrance: 방해, 장애, 방해물. knotty: 엉킨, 마디 많은, 해결이 어려운, 매듭 있는, 결절이 있는, 결절의, 분규된. nimble: 재빠른, 영리한, 현명한, 잘된, 민첩한, 빈틈없는, 잘 생각해 낸, 재주있는, 융통성있는, 재치있는, 재치가 풍부한.

nourish: 기르다, 키우다, 보호하다, 품다, 조장하다, 육성하다, 영양분을주다, 에게 자양분을 주다, 거름을 주다. quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민, 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속. shamefulness: 부끄러운, 창피한. studious: 애쓰는, 열심인, 공부하는, 주의 깊은, 공부 좋아하는, 신중한, 학문에 정진하는. talented: 재능 있는, 재능이 있는.

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hoar hairs wilt Thou carry us; for our firmness, when it is Thou, then is it firmness; but when our own, it is infirmity. Our good ever lives with Thee; from which when we turn away, we are turned aside. Let us now, O Lord, return, that we may not be overturned, because with Thee our good lives without any decay, which good art Thou; nor need we fear, lest there be no place whither to return, because we fell from it: for through our absence, our mansion fell not— Thy eternity.%

Korean absence: 부재, 결핍, 방심, 결석, 없음. 쳐들다, 재정적 원조를 하다. art: 예술, 인공, 기능, 미숙 기술, 교양 decay: 부패하다, 부패, 썩다, 과목, 과목, 기교, 숙련-기교를 쇠미하다, 쇠미, 쇠하다, 부식하다, 가하다, 직설법 현재, 숙련, 기교를 자연 붕괴하다, 부식, 부패시키다. 가하다. fear: 경외하다, 무서워하다, 걱정하다, aside: 떨어져서-방백, 옆에, 떼어서, 공포, 두려움, 경외, 걱정, 근심, 독백, 곁으로, 곁에, 방백, 별도로 근심하다, 망설이다, 무서움. 하고, 생각하지 않고, 따로 두고. fell: 벌채, 공그르기, 쳐서 넘어 carry: 이월하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜨리다, 내리다, 내려가다, 수반하다, 가게에 놓다, 배고 있다, 드리워지다, 쓰러지다, 수피, 새어 기르다, 사정, 단번에 넘기다, 머리를 나오다, 넘어가다, 다가오다.

firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가 굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동. hoar: 흰, 회색의, 흰서리, 백발의, 흰백색, 회백색, 흰 서리, 하얗게 된. mansion: 대저택, 성수, 아파트. nor: 부정논리화, 보다도, 도 또한 ...않다, 없다, 도 아니다. return: 돌아가다, 되돌아가다, 대답하다, 답신하다, 보수, 반사하다, 반환, 보답하다, 답례, 선출, 돌려주다.

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BOOK

%V

Accept the sacrifice of my confessions from the ministry of my tongue, which Thou hast formed and stirred up to confess unto Thy name. Heal Thou all my bones, and let them say, O Lord, who is like unto Thee? For he who confesses to Thee doth not teach Thee what takes place within him; seeing a closed heart closes not out Thy eye, nor can man’s hard-heartedness thrust back Thy hand: for Thou dissolvest it at Thy will in pity or in vengeance, and nothing can hide itself from Thy heat. But let my soul praise Thee, that it may love Thee; and let it confess Thy own mercies to Thee, that it may praise Thee. Thy whole creation ceaseth not, nor is silent in Thy praises; neither the spirit of man with voice directed unto Thee, nor creation animate or inanimate, by the voice of those who meditate thereon: that so our souls may from their weariness arise towards Thee, leaning on those things which Thou hast created, and passing on to Thyself, who madest them wonderfully; and there is refreshment and true strength. Let the restless, the godless, depart and flee from Thee; yet Thou seest them, and dividest the darkness. And behold, the universe with them is fair, though they are foul. And how have they injured Thee? or how have they disgraced Thy government, which, from the heaven to this lowest earth, is just and perfect? For whither fled they, when they fled from Thy presence? or where dost not Thou find them? But they fled, that they might not see Thee seeing them, and, blinded,

Korean animate: 격려하다, 살리다, 활기띠게하다, 생명을주다, 활기띠게 하다, 생기 있게 하다, 을 움직이다, 에 움직임을 주다, 에 생명을 불어넣다, 생물인, 생기 있는. godless: 믿음이 없는, 신의 존재를 부인하는, 불경한, 무신의, 신을 인정하지않는, 신을 믿지 않는, 신의 존재를 부정하는. heaven: 하늘, 천국, 상공, 하느님, 천제, 어머나.

hide: 숨다, 피혁, 때리다, 짐승의 가죽, 숨기다, 심하게 매질하다, 짐승 가죽, 숨기기, 숨는 장소. inanimate: 생명없는, 생명이 없는, 활기가 없는. leaning: 경향, 경사, 기호. meditate: 꾀하다, 숙고하다, 을 묵상하다, 명상하다, 묵상하다. pity: 동정, 연민, 애석한 일, 가엾게 여기다, 유감의 원인-가엾게 여기다, 가엾게 생각하다, 불쌍히 생각하다,

불쌍함. sacrifice: 희생타, 희생, 투매하다, 헌신, 싸구려로, 그로 인한 손실, 제물, 희생타로 진루시키다, 희생적 행위, 희생하다, 희생타를 치다. thrust: 밀다, 찌르다, 찔러넣다, 공격, 습격, 돌진하다, 찌르기, 혹평, 밀치다, 밀기, 돌격. weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로. wonderfully: 이상하게, 훌륭하게, 이상하게도.

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might stumble against Thee (because Thou forsakest nothing Thou hast made); that %the unjust, I say, might stumble upon Thee, and justly be hurt; withdrawing themselves from thy gentleness, and stumbling at Thy uprightness, and falling upon their own ruggedness. Ignorant, in truth, that Thou art every where, Whom no place encompasseth! and Thou alone art near, even to those that remove far from Thee. Let them then be turned, and seek Thee; because not as they have forsaken their Creator, hast Thou forsaken Thy creation. Let them be turned and seek Thee; and behold, Thou art there in their heart, in the heart of those that confess to Thee, and cast themselves upon Thee, and weep in Thy bosom, after all their rugged ways. Then dost Thou gently wipe away their tears, and they weep the more, and joy in weeping; even for that Thou, Lord, -not man of flesh and blood, but -Thou, Lord, who madest them, remakest and comfortest them. But where was I, when I was seeking Thee? And Thou wert before me, but I had gone away from Thee; nor did I find myself, how much less Thee! I would lay open before my God that nine-and-twentieth year of mine age. There had then come to Carthage a certain Bishop of the Manichees, Faustus by name, a great snare of the Devil, and many were entangled by him through that lure of his smooth language: which though I did commend, yet could I separate from the truth of the things which I was earnest to learn: nor did I so much regard the service of oratory as the science which this Faustus, so praised among them, set before me to feed upon. Fame had before bespoken him most knowing in all valuable learning, and exquisitely skilled in the liberal sciences. And since I had read and well remembered much of the philosophers, I compared some things of theirs with those long fables of the Manichees, and found the former the more probable; even although they could only prevail so far as to make judgment of this lower world, the Lord of it they could by no means find out. For Thou art great, O Lord, and hast respect unto the humble, but the proud Thou beholdest afar off. Nor dost Thou draw near, but to the contrite in heart, nor art found by the proud, no, not though by curious skill they could number the stars and the sand, and measure the starry heavens, and track the courses of the planets.

Korean bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면. entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를 일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는. exquisitely: 심하게, 절묘하게, 멋지게, 정교하게. gentleness: 친절, 온순, 과격하지 않음, 온화함, 상냥함, 부드러움, 안은, 정다움. lure: 매력, 유혹, 미끼, 유혹하다,

불러들이다, 미끼새, 매를 불러들이다, 매혹. oratory: 웅변, 기도실, 작은예배당, 기도원. rugged: 울퉁불퉁한, 엄격한, 괴로운, 귀에 거슬리는, 험악한, 껄껄한, 주름진, 세련되지 못한, 튼튼한, 폭풍우의, 거친. ruggedness: 난폭, 엄함, 울퉁불퉁, 주름살이 짐, 귀에 거슬림. starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는,

별빛의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의. stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림, 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다. theirs: 그들의 것. uprightness: 수직 상태, 똑바름. wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐.

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For%with their understanding and wit, which Thou bestowedst on them, they search out these things; and much have they found out; and foretold, many years before, eclipses of those luminaries, the sun and moon, -what day and hour, and how many digits, -nor did their calculation fail; and it came to pass as they foretold; and they wrote down the rules they had found out, and these are read at this day, and out of them do others foretell in what year and month of the year, and what day of the month, and what hour of the day, and what part of its light, moon or sun is to be eclipsed, and so it shall be, as it is foreshowed. At these things men, that know not this art, marvel and are astonished, and they that know it, exult, and are puffed up; and by an ungodly pride departing from Thee, and failing of Thy light, they foresee a failure of the sun’s light, which shall be, so long before, but see not their own, which is. For they search not religiously whence they have the wit, wherewith they search out this. And finding that Thou madest them, they give not themselves up to Thee, to preserve what Thou madest, nor sacrifice to Thee what they have made themselves; nor slay their own soaring imaginations, as fowls of the air, nor their own diving curiosities (wherewith, like the fishes of the seal they wander over the unknown paths of the abyss), nor their own luxuriousness, as beasts of the field, that Thou, Lord, a consuming fire, mayest burn up those dead cares of theirs, and re-create themselves immortally. But they knew not the way, Thy Word, by Whom Thou madest these things which they number, and themselves who number, and the sense whereby they perceive what they number, and the understanding, out of which they number; or that of Thy wisdom there is no number. But the Only Begotten is Himself made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and was numbered among us, and paid tribute unto Caesar. They knew not this way whereby to descend to Him from themselves, and by Him ascend unto Him. They knew not this way, and deemed themselves exalted amongst the stars and shining; and behold, they fell upon the earth, and their foolish heart was darkened. They discourse many things truly concerning the creature; but Truth, Artificer of the creature, they seek not piously, and therefore find Him not; or if they find Him, knowing Him to be God, they glorify Him not as God, neither are

Korean concerning: 에 관하여, -에 관하여. consuming: 소비하는, 여위게 하는, 태워버리는, 다 태워버리는, 애태우는, 여위게하는, 태워 버리는. diving: 다이빙, 잠수업, 잠수의, 잠수. foretell: 예고하다, 예언하다, 예고 하다, 예시 하다, 예언 하다. glorify: 칭찬하다, 영광을 더하다, 찬미하다, 장식하다, 꾸미다, 미화하다, 영광을 찬송하다, 칭송하다.

immortally: 영원히, 영생불멸하여, 무한히, 매우, 끝까지 죽지않고. month: 달, 월, 한달. re-create: 다시 만들다, 개조하다, 재현하다. religiously: 양심적으로, 신앙심깊게, 종교적으로. sanctification: 신성화, 정하게함, 정화, 죄를 씻어 깨끗이 함, 청정화, 축성, 봉헌. soaring: 상승, 우뚝 솟은, 높이 날기,

높이 나는, 고원한, 우뚝 솟음, 날아 오르는, 활상. stars: 별빛. ungodly: 신앙심 없는, 죄많은, 사악한, 추잡한, 심한, 불경스럽게. wander: 헤매다, 옆길로 벗어나다, 헛소리하다, 오락가락하다, 두서없이 되다, 길을 잘못 들다, 걸어 돌아다니다, 꾸불꾸불 흐르다, 꾸불꾸불 이어지다, 종잡을 수 없게 되다, 거닐다.

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thankful, but become vain in their imaginations, and profess themselves to be wise, attributing to themselves what is Thine; and thereby with most perverse blindness, study to impute to Thee what is their own, forging lies of Thee who art the Truth, and changing the glory of uncorruptible God into an image made like corruptible man, and to birds, and four-footed beasts, and creeping things, changing Thy truth into a lie, and worshipping and serving the creature more than the Creator.% Yet many truths concerning the creature retained I from these men, and saw the reason thereof from calculations, the succession of times, and the visible testimonies of the stars; and compared them with the saying of Manichaeus, which in his frenzy he had written most largely on these subjects; but discovered not any account of the solstices, or equinoxes, or the eclipses of the greater lights, nor whatever of this sort I had learned in the books of secular philosophy. But I was commanded to believe; and yet it corresponded not with what had been established by calculations and my own sight, but was quite contrary. Doth then, O Lord God of truth, whoso knoweth these things, therefore please Thee? Surely unhappy is he who knoweth all these, and knoweth not Thee: but happy whoso knoweth Thee, though he know not these. And whoso knoweth both Thee and them is not the happier for them, but for Thee only, if, knowing Thee, he glorifies Thee as God, and is thankful, and becomes not vain in his imaginations. For as he is better off who knows how to possess a tree, and return thanks to Thee for the use thereof, although he know not how many cubits high it is, or how wide it spreads, than he that can measure it, and count all its boughs, and neither owns it, nor knows or loves its Creator: so a believer, whose all this world of wealth is, and who having nothing, yet possesseth all things, by cleaving unto Thee, whom all things serve, though he know not even the circles of the Great Bear, yet is it folly to doubt but he is in a better state than one who can measure the heavens, and number the stars, and poise the elements, yet neglecteth Thee who hast made all things in number, weight, and measure. But yet who bade that Manichaeus write on these things also, skill in which was no element of piety? For Thou hast said to man, Behold piety and wisdom;

Korean corruptible: 부패하기 쉬운, 타락하기 쉬운, 뇌물이 통하는. creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의, 은밀한. forging: 위조, 단조품, 단조, 대장일. four-footed: 사족의, 네 발의. impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다.

poise: 허공에 매달리다, 균형 잡히게 하다, 안정, 미결단, 가짐새, 하늘을 돌다-평형, 하늘을 돌다, 평형, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다균형잡히다, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다, 균형잡히다. profess: 공언하다, 직업으로 삼다, 신앙을 고백하다, 을 신앙한다고 공언하다, 라고 자칭하다, 학문, 인 체하다, 기술 따위를 지니고 있다고 공언하다-공언하다, 기술 따위를

지니고 있다고 공언하다, 언명하다, 대학 교수로 있다. thankful: 감사하고 있는, 감사의, 감사하는. thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터. uncorruptible: 매수하기 어려운, 부패하지 않는, 타락시키기 어려운, 부패하지않는. wisdom: 학문, 지혜, 현명, 지식, 분별 현인, 금언, 명언, 현인.

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of which he might be ignorant, though he had perfect knowledge of these things; but these things, since, knowing not, he most impudently dared to teach, he plainly could have no knowledge of piety. For it is vanity to make profession of these worldly things even when known; but confession to Thee is piety. Wherefore this wanderer to this end spake much of these things, that convicted by those who had truly learned them, it might be manifest what understanding he had in the other abstruser things. For he would not have himself meanly thought of, but went about to persuade men, “That the Holy Ghost, the Comforter and Enricher of Thy faithful ones, was with plenary authority personally within him.” When then he was found out to have taught falsely of the heaven and stars, and of the motions of the sun and moon (although these things pertain not to the doctrine of religion), yet his sacrilegious presumption would become evident enough, seeing he delivered things which not only he knew not, but which were falsified, with so mad a vanity of pride, that he sought to ascribe them to himself, as to a divine person.% For when I hear any Christian brother ignorant of these things, and mistaken on them, I can patiently behold such a man holding his opinion; nor do I see that any ignorance as to the position or character of the corporeal creation can injure him, so long as he doth not believe any thing unworthy of Thee, O Lord, the Creator of all. But it doth injure him, if he imagine it to pertain to the form of the doctrine of piety, and will yet affirm that too stiffly whereof he is ignorant. And yet is even such an infirmity, in the infancy of faith, borne by our mother Charity, till the new-born may grow up unto a perfect man, so as not to be carried about with every wind of doctrine. But in him who in such wise presumed to be the teacher, source, guide, chief of all whom he could so persuade, that whoso followed him thought that he followed, not a mere man, but Thy Holy Spirit; who would not judge that so great madness, when once convicted of having taught any thing false, were to be detested and utterly rejected? But I had not as yet clearly ascertained whether the vicissitudes of longer and shorter days and nights, and of day and night itself, with the eclipses of the greater lights, and whatever else of the kind I had read of in other books, might be explained consistently with his sayings; so that, if they by any means

Korean affirm: 단언하다, 확언하다, 확인하다, 긍정하다, 지지하다, 확약하다. borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은. confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서. convicted: 유죄를 선고하는, 유죄를 입증하는, 죄를 깨닫게 하는. falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서, 불성실하게, 부실하게, 부정하게, 잘못하여. injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게

하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다. meanly: 의미 있는 듯이, 일부러, 비열하게, 빈약하게, 상스럽게. mistaken: 잘못된, 판단이 잘못된. patiently: 끈기 있게. pertain: 속삭이다, 관계하다, 적함하다, 적합하다, 속하다, 부속하다. plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게.

plenary: 완전한, 전원 출석의, 충분한, 절대적인, 전권이 있는, 회의 따위 출석하는, 정식의, 출석하는. presumption: 주제넘음, 추정, 할 것 같은, 가망, 뻔뻔스러움, 가정, 분수에 지나침. stiffly: 뻣뻣하게, 완고하게, 완강하게, 단호하게, 딱딱하게. wanderer: 돌아다니는 사람, 방랑자, 헤매는 사람. worldly: 세속적인, 이 세상의, 세상의.

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might, it should still remain a question to me whether it were so or no; but I might, on account of his reputed sanctity, rest my credence upon his authority.% And for almost all those nine years, wherein with unsettled mind I had been their disciple, I had longed but too intensely for the coming of this Faustus. For the rest of the sect, whom by chance I had lighted upon, when unable to solve my objections about these things, still held out to me the coming of this Faustus, by conference with whom these and greater difficulties, if I had them, were to be most readily and abundantly cleared. When then he came, I found him a man of pleasing discourse, and who could speak fluently and in better terms, yet still but the self-same things which they were wont to say. But what availed the utmost neatness of the cup-bearer to my thirst for a more precious draught? Mine ears were already cloyed with the like, nor did they seem to me therefore better, because better said; nor therefore true, because eloquent; nor the soul therefore wise, because the face was comely, and the language graceful. But they who held him out to me were no good judges of things; and therefore to them he appeared understanding and wise, because in words pleasing. I felt however that another sort of people were suspicious even of truth, and refused to assent to it, if delivered in a smooth and copious discourse. But Thou, O my God, hadst already taught me by wonderful and secret ways, and therefore I believe that Thou taughtest me, because it is truth, nor is there besides Thee any teacher of truth, where or whencesoever it may shine upon us. Of Thyself therefore had I now learned, that neither ought any thing to seem to be spoken truly, because eloquently; nor therefore falsely, because the utterance of the lips is inharmonious; nor, again, therefore true, because rudely delivered; nor therefore false, because the language is rich; but that wisdom and folly are as wholesome and unwholesome food; and adorned or unadorned phrases as courtly or country vessels; either kind of meats may be served up in either kind of dishes. That greediness then, wherewith I had of so long time expected that man, was delighted verily with his action and feeling when disputing, and his choice and readiness of words to clothe his ideas. I was then delighted, and, with many others and more than they, did I praise and extol him. It troubled me, however,

Korean abundantly: 남아돌 정도의. clothe: 덮다, 부여하다, 싸다, 입히다, 표현하다, 의복을지급하다, 입다, 주다, 의복을 몸에 걸치다, 의복을 걸치다, 몸에걸치다. credence: 신용, 제구대, 신임. disciple: 사도, 제자, 그리스도의 열두사도의 한 사람, 문하생. eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을 잘 나타내는. eloquently: 웅변으로.

fluently: 유창하게, 우아하게, 웅변으로, 완만하게, 거침없이. graceful: 우미한, 우아한. inharmonious: 조화되지 않은, 불협화의, 불화의, 가락이 어울리지 않는, 원만하지 않은, 가락이 맞지 않는, 부조화의. neatness: 깔끔함, 정연, 단정, 말끔, 산뜻, 재치있음. reputed: 평판이 좋은, 라고 일컬어지는, 유명한, 이라는 평판인,

이라고 일컬어지는. rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게, 버릇없이, 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게. sanctity: 신성, 신성한 의무, 신성한 감정 따위, 청정. unadorned: 꾸밈이 없는, 있는 그대로의. unwholesome: 불건전한, 유해한, 건강에 좋지 않는, 건강에 나쁜, 몸에 나쁜, 병적인. whencesoever: 어디서든지.

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that in the assembly of his auditors, I was not allowed to put in and communicate those questions that troubled me, in familiar converse with him. Which when I might, and with my friends began to engage his ears at such times as it was not unbecoming for him to discuss with me, and had brought forward such things as moved me; I found him first utterly ignorant of liberal sciences, save grammar, and that but in an ordinary way. But because he had read some of Tully’s Orations, a very few books of Seneca, some things of the poets, and such few volumes of his own sect as were written in Latin and neatly, and was daily practised in speaking, he acquired a certain eloquence, which proved the more pleasing and seductive because under the guidance of a good wit, and with a kind of natural gracefulness. Is it not thus, as I recall it, O Lord my God, Thou judge of my conscience? before Thee is my heart, and my remembrance, Who didst at that time direct me by the hidden mystery of Thy providence, and didst set those shameful errors of mine before my face, that I might see and hate them.% For after it was clear that he was ignorant of those arts in which I thought he excelled, I began to despair of his opening and solving the difficulties which perplexed me (of which indeed however ignorant, he might have held the truths of piety, had he not been a Manichee). For their books are fraught with prolix fables, of the heaven, and stars, sun, and moon, and I now no longer thought him able satisfactorily to decide what I much desired, whether, on comparison of these things with the calculations I had elsewhere read, the account given in the books of Manichaeus were preferable, or at least as good. Which when I proposed to he considered and discussed, he, so far modestly, shrunk from the burthen. For he knew that he knew not these things, and was not ashamed to confess it. For he was not one of those talking persons, many of whom I had endured, who undertook to teach me these things, and said nothing. But this man had a heart, though not right towards Thee, yet neither altogether treacherous to himself. For he was not altogether ignorant of his own ignorance, nor would he rashly be entangled in a dispute, whence he could neither retreat nor extricate himself fairly. Even for this I liked him the better. For fairer is the

Korean ashamed: 낯을 붉히어, 부끄러워하여, 부끄러이 여겨, 부끄러워. engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다, 예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된, 속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다, 교전시키다, 관계된. extricate: 구해내다, 유리시키다. fraught: 충분한, 고민하는, 충만한. gracefulness: 단아함, 우미, 우미하는 것, 우아하는 것. modestly: 얌전하게, 삼가서,

겸손하게, 삼가하여, 겸손하여. neatly: 교묘하게, 깔끔하게, 맵시있게, 산뜻하게, 말쑥하게. practised: 연습을 쌓은, 경험이 있는. preferable: 바람직한, 오히려 나은, 택할 만한, 선택할 만한. prolix: 장황한, 지루한, 지루하게 말하는. rashly: 무모하게, 분별없게, 분별없이. satisfactorily: 더할나위 없는, 흡족하게, 충분히, 만족한, 만족하게.

seductive: 황홀케하다, 꾀어내다, 부추기다, 유혹하다, 유혹적인, 매혹적인. treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는, 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에 어긋나는. troubled: 난처한, 거칠은, 소란한, 교란된, 근심스러운. unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지 않는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치 못한.

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modesty of a candid mind, than the knowledge of those things which I desired; and such I found him, in all the more difficult and subtile questions.% My zeal for the writings of Manichaeus being thus blunted, and despairing yet more of their other teachers, seeing that in divers things which perplexed me, he, so renowned among them, had so turned out; I began to engage with him in the study of that literature, on which he also was much set (and which as rhetoric-reader I was at that time teaching young students at Carthage), and to read with him, either what himself desired to hear, or such as I judged fit for his genius. But all my efforts whereby I had purposed to advance in that sect, upon knowledge of that man, came utterly to an end; not that I detached myself from them altogether, but as one finding nothing better, I had settled to be content meanwhile with what I had in whatever way fallen upon, unless by chance something more eligible should dawn upon me. Thus, that Faustus, to so many a snare of death, had now neither willing nor witting it, begun to loosen that wherein I was taken. For Thy hands, O my God, in the secret purpose of Thy providence, did not forsake my soul; and out of my mother’s heart’s blood, through her tears night and day poured out, was a sacrifice offered for me unto Thee; and Thou didst deal with me by wondrous ways. Thou didst it, O my God: for the steps of a man are ordered by the Lord, and He shall dispose his way. Or how shall we obtain salvation, but from Thy hand, re-making what it made? Thou didst deal with me, that I should be persuaded to go to Rome, and to teach there rather, what I was teaching at Carthage. And how I was persuaded to this, I will not neglect to confess to Thee; because herein also the deepest recesses of Thy wisdom, and Thy most present mercy to us, must be considered and confessed. I did not wish therefore to go to Rome, because higher gains and higher dignities were warranted me by my friends who persuaded me to this (though even these things had at that time an influence over my mind), but my chief and almost only reason was, that I heard that young men studied there more peacefully, and were kept quiet under a restraint of more regular discipline; so that they did not, at their pleasures, petulantly rush into the school

Korean candid: 솔직한, 공평한, 포즈를 취하지 않은, 스냅 사진, 자연 그대로의, 있는 대로의, 입바른, 성실한, 꺼리낌없는, 거리낌없는, 공정한. confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된, 인정받은, 자인한. despairing: 절망적인, 필사의, 자포자기한. detached: 떨어진, 분견된, 공평한, 분리된, 초연한.

dispose: 배치하다, 일의 성패를 결정하다, 처리하다, 충당하다, 할 마음이 나게 하다, 의 경향을 갖게 하다, 일의 추세를 결정하다. forsake: 버리다, 저버리다. loosen: 늦추다, 놓다, 놓아주다, 느그러지다, 풀리다, 흩어지다, 풀다, 느슨하게 하다, 느슨해지다, 의 손을 늦추다, 에 변이 나오게 하다. modesty: 겸양, 수줍음, 정숙, 조심스러움, 겸손.

renowned: 유명한, 명성있는. restraint: 속박, 억제, 자제, 구속, 감금, 제지, 출항금지, 억제력, 조심, 금지, 구속하는 것. subtile: 미묘한, 예민한, 교활한, 치밀한. witting: 알고 있는, 고의로, 알면서, 알면서 하는. wondrous: 놀라운, 놀랄만큼, 이상한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄 만큼. zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성.

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of%one whose pupils they were not, nor were even admitted without his permission. Whereas at Carthage there reigns among the scholars a most disgraceful and unruly licence. They burst in audaciously, and with gestures almost frantic, disturb all order which any one hath established for the good of his scholars. Divers outrages they commit, with a wonderful stolidity, punishable by law, did not custom uphold them; that custom evincing them to be the more miserable, in that they now do as lawful what by Thy eternal law shall never be lawful; and they think they do it unpunished, whereas they are punished with the very blindness whereby they do it, and suffer incomparably worse than what they do. The manners then which, when a student, I would not make my own, I was fain as a teacher to endure in others: and so I was well pleased to go where, all that knew it, assured me that the like was not done. But Thou, my refuge and my portion in the land of the living; that I might change my earthly dwelling for the salvation of my soul, at Carthage didst goad me, that I might thereby be torn from it; and at Rome didst proffer me allurements, whereby I might be drawn thither, by men in love with a dying life, the one doing frantic, the other promising vain, things; and, to correct my steps, didst secretly use their and my own perverseness. For both they who disturbed my quiet were blinded with a disgraceful frenzy, and they who invited me elsewhere savoured of earth. And I, who here detested real misery, was there seeking unreal happiness. But why I went hence, and went thither, Thou knewest, O God, yet showedst it neither to me, nor to my mother, who grievously bewailed my journey, and followed me as far as the sea. But I deceived her, holding me by force, that either she might keep me back or go with me, and I feigned that I had a friend whom I could not leave, till he had a fair wind to sail. And I lied to my mother, and such a mother, and escaped: for this also hast Thou mercifully forgiven me, preserving me, thus full of execrable defilements, from the waters of the sea, for the water of Thy Grace; whereby when I was cleansed, the streams of my mother’s eyes should be dried, with which for me she daily watered the ground under her face. And yet refusing to return without me, I scarcely persuaded her to stay that night in a place hard by our ship, where was an Oratory in memory

Korean audaciously: 대담하게, 무례하게. disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된. disturb: 방해하다, 어지럽히다, 소란하게 하다, 불안하게하다, 불안하게 하다, 소란하게하다, 교란하다, 저해하다, 침해하다. earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, 도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의. eternal: 영원한, 영구한, 끝없는, 평상시의, 예의, 불멸의, 변함없는, 영원한 것, 하느님.

execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 밉살스러운, 저주할. frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, 심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 사람 같은. goad: 자극, 막대기, 격려, 격려 자극하다, 뾰족한 막대기, 막대기로 몰다, 막대기로 찌르다. incomparably: 비교할 수 없는, 빼어나게, 비교가 안될 정도로, 견줄 나위 없는.

lied: 가곡, 리드. preserving: 보호하기. proffer: 제공하다, 제공물, 제의하다, 제의하다-제공물. punishable: 벌주어야 할, 벌줄 수 있는, 벌해야 할. stolidity: 둔감, 완고, 무신경. unpunished: 처벌을 면한, 벌받지 않은, 처벌을 받지 않은. unruly: 무법한, 제어하기어려운, 휘어 잡을 수 없는.

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of the blessed Cyprian. That night I privily departed, but she was not behind in weeping and prayer. And what, O Lord, was she with so many tears asking of Thee, but that Thou wouldest not suffer me to sail? But Thou, in the depth of Thy counsels and hearing the main point of her desire, regardest not what she then asked, that Thou mightest make me what she ever asked. The wind blew and swelled our sails, and withdrew the shore from our sight; and she on the morrow was there, frantic with sorrow, and with complaints and groans filled Thine ears, Who didst then disregard them; whilst through my desires, Thou wert hurrying me to end all desire, and the earthly part of her affection to me was chastened by the allotted scourge of sorrows. For she loved my being with her, as mothers do, but much more than many; and she knew not how great joy Thou wert about to work for her out of my absence. She knew not; therefore did she weep and wail, and by this agony there appeared in her the inheritance of Eve, with sorrow seeking what in sorrow she had brought forth. And yet, after accusing my treachery and hardheartedness, she betook herself again to intercede to Thee for me, went to her wonted place, and I to Rome.% And lo, there was I received by the scourge of bodily sickness, and I was going down to hell, carrying all the sins which I had committed, both against Thee, and myself, and others, many and grievous, over and above that bond of original sin, whereby we all die in Adam. For Thou hadst not forgiven me any of these things in Christ, nor had He abolished by His Cross the enmity which by my sins I had incurred with Thee. For how should He, by the crucifixion of a phantasm, which I believed Him to be? So true, then, was the death of my soul, as that of His flesh seemed to me false; and how true the death of His body, so false was the life of my soul, which did not believe it. And now the fever heightening, I was parting and departing for ever. For had I then parted hence, whither had I departed, but into fire and torments, such as my misdeeds deserved in the truth of Thy appointment? And this she knew not, yet in absence prayed for me. But Thou, everywhere present, heardest her where she was, and, where I was, hadst compassion upon me; that I should recover the health of my body, though frenzied as yet in my sacrilegious heart. For I did not in all that danger desire Thy baptism; and I was better as a boy, when I begged it

Korean accusing: 비난하는, 나무라는, 죄가 있다고 하는, 책망하는 듯한, 고발하는. agony: 희비의 극치, 단말마의 괴로움, 고뇌, 고통, 그리스도의 고통, 심한 고통, 죽음의 고통, 감정의 격발, 격발. chastened: 누그러진. crucifixion: 십자가에 못박음, 큰 시련, 고난, 그 그림, 삽자가에 못박힌 예수, 그리스도를 십자가에 못박음.

deserved: 당연한. disregard: 무시하다, 무시, 경시하다, 경시. fever: 열병, 열, 발열시키다, 열광, 열광적인, 열병의, 열이 있는, 흥분 상태, 흥분, 열병에 걸리게 걸리다, 열병에 걸리게 하다. frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 열광적인. intercede: 중재하다, 조정하다, 중간에 들어 조정하다.

morrow: 아침, 이튿날, 직후. parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 분리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 따위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의. privily: 비밀히, 남몰래. treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역. wail: 울부짖다, 비탄하다, 울부짖는 소리, 처량하게 울리는 소리, 구슬픈 소리를 내다, 비탄, 한탄하다, 울부짖듯 윙윙대는 소리. wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한.

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of my mother’s piety, as I have before recited and confessed. But I had grown up to my own shame, and I madly scoffed at the prescripts of Thy medicine, who wouldest not suffer me, being such, to die a double death. With which wound had my mother’s heart been pierced, it could never be healed. For I cannot express the affection she bore to me, and with how much more vehement anguish she was now in labour of me in the spirit, than at her childbearing in the flesh.% I see not then how she should have been healed, had such a death of mine stricken through the bowels of her love. And where would have been those her so strong and unceasing prayers, unintermitting to Thee alone? But wouldest Thou, God of mercies, despise the contrite and humbled heart of that chaste and sober widow, so frequent in almsdeeds, so full of duty and service to Thy saints, no day intermitting the oblation at Thine altar, twice a day, morning and evening, without any intermission, coming to Thy church, not for idle tattlings and old wives’ fables; but that she might hear Thee in Thy discourses, and Thou her in her prayers. Couldest Thou despise and reject from Thy aid the tears of such an one, wherewith she begged of Thee not gold or silver, nor any mutable or passing good, but the salvation of her son’s soul? Thou, by whose gift she was such? Never, Lord. Yea, Thou wert at hand, and wert hearing and doing, in that order wherein Thou hadst determined before that it should be done. Far be it that Thou shouldest deceive her in Thy visions and answers, some whereof I have, some I have not mentioned, which she laid up in her faithful heart, and ever praying, urged upon Thee, as Thine own handwriting. For Thou, because Thy mercy endureth for ever, vouchsafest to those to whom Thou forgivest all of their debts, to become also a debtor by Thy promises. Thou recoveredst me then of that sickness, and healedst the son of Thy handmaid, for the time in body, that he might live, for Thee to bestow upon him a better and more abiding health. And even then, at Rome, I joined myself to those deceiving and deceived “holy ones”; not with their disciples only (of which number was he, in whose house I had fallen sick and recovered); but also with those whom they call “The Elect.” For I still thought “that it was not we that sin,

Korean abiding: 영속적인, 오래 지속되는. affection: 애정, 영향, 병, 감정, 특성, 성질, 호의, 기질, 감동. altar: 제단, 제대, 성찬대. bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 싫증나게하다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, 총구멍, 해일, 뚫다, 구멍을 내다, 구멍이 나다, 따분한 것. childbearing: 해산, 분만, 출산, 출산 가능한, 출산의. debtor: 차주채무자, 차변, 꾼 사람,

채무자. despise: 경멸하다. handwriting: 필적, 육필, 필사본. intermission: 중지, 중절, 휴게, 막간, 휴게 시간, 막간에연주되는 곡, 휴식 시간. madly: 미쳐서, 극단으로, 몹시, 미친듯이. oblation: 신에대한 제물, 봉납, 자선적 헌납, 헌납. reject: 거절하다, 토하다, 물리치다,

받지 않다, 버리다, 거부된 사람, 흠 있는 물건, 퇴짜놓다, 불합격자, 받아들이지 않다, 거절된 것. salvation: 구제, 구조, 구조자, 구원, 구세, 구제물. sickness: 병, 역겨움, 구역질, 메스꺼움, 앓음. unceasing: 끊임 없는, 끊임없는. widow: 미망인, 과부, 과부로 만들다, 아내를여윈, 돌리고 남은 패, 빼앗다, 샴페인 술, 과부가 되게 하다.

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but that I know not what other nature sinned in us”; and it delighted my pride, to be free from blame; and when I had done any evil, not to confess I had done any, that Thou mightest heal my soul because it had sinned against Thee: but I loved to excuse it, and to accuse I know not what other thing, which was with me, but which I was not. But in truth it was wholly I, and mine impiety had divided me against myself: and that sin was the more incurable, whereby I did not judge myself a sinner; and execrable iniquity it was, that I had rather have Thee, Thee, O God Almighty, to be overcome in me to my destruction, than myself of Thee to salvation. Not as yet then hadst Thou set a watch before my mouth, and a door of safe keeping around my lips, that my heart might not turn aside to wicked speeches, to make excuses of sins, with men that work iniquity; and, therefore, was I still united with their Elect.% But now despairing to make proficiency in that false doctrine, even those things (with which if I should find no better, I had resolved to rest contented) I now held more laxly and carelessly. For there half arose a thought in me that those philosophers, whom they call Academics, were wiser than the rest, for that they held men ought to doubt everything, and laid down that no truth can be comprehended by man: for so, not then understanding even their meaning, I also was clearly convinced that they thought, as they are commonly reported. Yet did I freely and openly discourage that host of mine from that over-confidence which I perceived him to have in those fables, which the books of Manichaeus are full of. Yet I lived in more familiar friendship with them, than with others who were not of this heresy. Nor did I maintain it with my ancient eagerness; still my intimacy with that sect (Rome secretly harbouring many of them) made me slower to seek any other way: especially since I despaired of finding the truth, from which they had turned me aside, in Thy Church, O Lord of heaven and earth, Creator of all things visible and invisible: and it seemed to me very unseemly to believe Thee to have the shape of human flesh, and to be bounded by the bodily lineaments of our members. And because, when I wished to think on my God, I knew not what to think of, but a mass of bodies (for what was not such did not seem to me to be anything), this was the greatest, and almost only cause of my inevitable error.

Korean accuse: 고발하다, 고소하다, 비난하다, 해로운, 해롭게, 사악하게, 불운한, 책하다. 불행하게, 사악한. arose: 과거. impiety: 불경, 신앙심이 없음, carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게, 신앙심이 없는 행위, 불손, 경건하지 무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게. 않음, 불심, 불경한 말, 사악한 말, delighted: 기쁜, 매우 즐거운. 사악한 행위, 신앙심 없는, 신앙심이 discourage: 낙담시키다, 용기를 없는 말. 잃게하다, 방해하다, 용기를 잃게 incurable: 불치의, 불치의 환자, 구제 하다. 불능자, 불치의 교정불능의. doctrine: 교의, 주의, 교리, 학설. intimacy: 친밀, 친교, 정교, 밀통, evil: 해악, 불길한, 나쁜, 악, 악행, 간통, 친밀함을 나타내는 행위, 불의.

invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는, 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는, 얼굴을 내놓지 않는. laxly: 느슨하게, 방종하게, 미지근하게. openly: 공공연하게, 터놓고, 숨김없이, 공공연히, 솔직하게. wicked: 심술궂은, 사악한, 나쁜, 버릇이 나쁜, 위험한, 장난이 심한, 불쾌한, 장난기 있는, 우수한.

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For %hence I believed Evil also to be some such kind of substance, and to have its own foul and hideous bulk; whether gross, which they called earth, or thin and subtile (like the body of the air), which they imagine to be some malignant mind, creeping through that earth. And because a piety, such as it was, constrained me to believe that the good God never created any evil nature, I conceived two masses, contrary to one another, both unbounded, but the evil narrower, the good more expansive. And from this pestilent beginning, the other sacrilegious conceits followed on me. For when my mind endeavoured to recur to the Catholic faith, I was driven back, since that was not the Catholic faith which I thought to be so. And I seemed to myself more reverential, if I believed of Thee, my God (to whom Thy mercies confess out of my mouth), as unbounded, at least on other sides, although on that one where the mass of evil was opposed to Thee, I was constrained to confess Thee bounded; than if on all sides I should imagine Thee to be bounded by the form of a human body. And it seemed to me better to believe Thee to have created no evil (which to me ignorant seemed not some only, but a bodily substance, because I could not conceive of mind unless as a subtile body, and that diffused in definite spaces), than to believe the nature of evil, such as I conceived it, could come from Thee. Yea, and our Saviour Himself, Thy Only Begotten, I believed to have been reached forth (as it were) for our salvation, out of the mass of Thy most lucid substance, so as to believe nothing of Him, but what I could imagine in my vanity. His Nature then, being such, I thought could not be born of the Virgin Mary, without being mingled with the flesh: and how that which I had so figured to myself could be mingled, and not defiled, I saw not. I feared therefore to believe Him born in the flesh, lest I should be forced to believe Him defiled by the flesh. Now will Thy spiritual ones mildly and lovingly smile upon me, if they shall read these my confessions. Yet such was I. Furthermore, what the Manichees had criticised in Thy Scriptures, I thought could not be defended; yet at times verily I had a wish to confer upon these several points with some one very well skilled in those books, and to make trial what he thought thereon; for the words of one Helpidius, as he spoke and disputed face to face against the said Manichees, had begun to stir me even at

Korean conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다. confer: 수여하다, 주다, 협의하다, 회담하다, 의논하다, 비교하라. constrained: 무리한, 강제적인, 갑갑한, 강제된, 거북살스러운, 압박당한. expansive: 마음이 넓은, 팽창력 있는, 과대망상적인, 광할한, 과대

망상적인, 널찍한. figured: 모양으로 나타낸, 무늬 있는, 그림으로 표시한, 도식으로 표시한, 무늬가 있는, 문채 있는, 코드를 나타내는 숫자가 있는, 화음을 나타내는 숫자가 있는. hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운. lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는, 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한. malignant: 유해한, 악성의, 악의를

품은, 적의 있는, 악의 있는. masses: 다수. recur: 되돌아가다, 회상되다, 순환하다, 회상하다, 마음에 다시 떠오르다, 재발하다, 호소하다, 되돌아가 말하다, 의뢰하다, 의지하다, 다시 떠오르다. reverential: 경건한, 공손한, 존경을 표시하는, 존경을 표하는. unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은, 억제할 수 없는.

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Carthage: in that he had produced things out of the Scriptures, not easily withstood, the Manichees’ answer whereto seemed to me weak. And this answer they liked not to give publicly, but only to us in private. It was, that the Scriptures of the New Testament had been corrupted by I know not whom, who wished to engraff the law of the Jews upon the Christian faith: yet themselves produced not any uncorrupted copies. But I, conceiving of things corporeal only, was mainly held down, vehemently oppressed and in a manner suffocated by those “masses”; panting under which after the breath of Thy truth, I could not breathe it pure and untainted.% I began then diligently to practise that for which I came to Rome, to teach rhetoric; and first, to gather some to my house, to whom, and through whom, I had begun to be known; when to, I found other offences committed in Rome, to which I was not exposed in Africa. True, those “subvertings” by profligate young men were not here practised, as was told me: but on a sudden, said they, to avoid paying their master’s stipend, a number of youths plot together, and remove to another; -breakers of faith, who for love of money hold justice cheap. These also my heart hated, though not with a perfect hatred: for perchance I hated them more because I was to suffer by them, than because they did things utterly unlawful. Of a truth such are base persons, and they go a whoring from Thee, loving these fleeting mockeries of things temporal, and filthy lucre, which fouls the hand that grasps it; hugging the fleeting world, and despising Thee, Who abidest, and recallest, and forgivest the adulteress soul of man, when she returns to Thee. And now I hate such depraved and crooked persons, though I love them if corrigible, so as to prefer to money the learning which they acquire, and to learning, Thee, O God, the truth and fulness of assured good, and most pure peace. But then I rather for my own sake misliked them evil, than liked and wished them good for Thine. When therefore they of Milan had sent to Rome to the prefect of the city, to furnish them with a rhetoric reader for their city, and sent him at the public expense, I made application (through those very persons, intoxicated with Manichaean vanities, to be freed wherefrom I was to go, neither of us however

Korean adulteress: 간. breathe: 호흡하다, 속삭이다, 풍기다, 휴식 시키다, 휴식하다, 털어놓다, 쉬다, 선들거리다-불어넣다, 살아있다, 숨쉬다, 무성음으로 발음하다. conceiving: 상상하는 것. corrigible: 교정할 수 있는, 교정하기 쉬운, 교정할수있는, 유순한. crooked: 부정직한, 마음이 비뚤어진, 구부러진, 기형의, 비뚤어진,

부정하게, 부정수단으로 얻은, 허리가 구부러진, 뒤틀린, 꼬부라진, 굴곡된. depraved: 타락한. diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히. filthy: 더러운, 추잡한, 음탕한, 불결한, 많이 있는, 지독한. hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움. lucre: 이익, 돈, 부, 금전적인 이익. prefect: 지사, 반장, 관, 감독생, 학사장, 프랑스의 지사, 이탈리아의

지사, 교회가 경영하는 학교의 학사장, 행정관. profligate: 품행이 나쁜, 낭비하는, 방탕자, 방탕한. stipend: 급료, 봉급, 급비. uncorrupted: 부패하지 않은, 타락하지 않은. unlawful: 사생의, 불법의, 비합법의, 사생아의. whereto: 그것에, 그곳으로, 무슨 목적으로, 무엇에, 어디로, 어째서.

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knowing%it) that Symmachus, then prefect of the city, would try me by setting me some subject, and so send me. To Milan I came, to Ambrose the Bishop, known to the whole world as among the best of men, Thy devout servant; whose eloquent discourse did then plentifully dispense unto Thy people the flour of Thy wheat, the gladness of Thy oil, and the sober inebriation of Thy wine. To him was I unknowing led by Thee, that by him I might knowingly be led to Thee. That man of God received me as a father, and showed me an Episcopal kindness on my coming. Thenceforth I began to love him, at first indeed not as a teacher of the truth (which I utterly despaired of in Thy Church), but as a person kind towards myself. And I listened diligently to him preaching to the people, not with that intent I ought, but, as it were, trying his eloquence, whether it answered the fame thereof, or flowed fuller or lower than was reported; and I hung on his words attentively; but of the matter I was as a careless and scornful looker-on; and I was delighted with the sweetness of his discourse, more recondite, yet in manner less winning and harmonious, than that of Faustus. Of the matter, however, there was no comparison; for the one was wandering amid Manichaean delusions, the other teaching salvation most soundly. But salvation is far from sinners, such as I then stood before him; and yet was I drawing nearer by little and little, and unconsciously. For though I took no pains to learn what he spake, but only to hear how he spake (for that empty care alone was left me, despairing of a way, open for man, to Thee), yet together with the words which I would choose, came also into my mind the things which I would refuse; for I could not separate them. And while I opened my heart to admit “how eloquently he spake,” there also entered “how truly he spake”; but this by degrees. For first, these things also had now begun to appear to me capable of defence; and the Catholic faith, for which I had thought nothing could be said against the Manichees’ objections, I now thought might be maintained without shamelessness; especially after I had heard one or two places of the Old Testament resolved, and ofttimes “in a figure,” which when I understood literally, I was slain spiritually. Very many places then of those books having been explained, I now blamed my despair, in believing that no answer could be given to such as hated and scoffed at the Law and the

Korean careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한, 괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한, 마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는, 조심성없는, 태평스러운. devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한, 독실한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는, 믿음이 깊은. dispense: 조제하다, 특면하다, 면제하다, 분배하다, 실시하다, 시여 하다, 분배 하다. harmonious: 조화된, 화목한, 의좋은,

가락이 맞는, 균형잡힌, 화성의. inebriation: 취하게하다, 술취한 상태, 음주벽, 명정, 모주망태, 취한, 취하게 함. kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한 태도, 친절한 행위. knowingly: 약삭 빠르게, 일부러, 알면서, 아는 체하고, 자랑스러운 얼굴로, 알고 있으면서. looker-on: 방관자. ofttimes: 가끔, 왕왕, 자주, 종종.

pains: 고생. preaching: 설교, 설교하는 것. spiritually: 영적으로, 정신적으로, 신성하게, 고상하게. unconsciously: 모르게, 무의식적으로, 부지중에. wandering: 만유, 헛소리, 헤매는, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷기, 옆길로새는, 두서없는, 방랑, 산책, 꾸불꾸불한, 돌아다니는, 방랑하여. wheat: 밀.

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Prophets. Yet did I not therefore then see that the Catholic way was to be held, because it also could find learned maintainers, who could at large and with some show of reason answer objections; nor that what I held was therefore to be condemned, because both sides could be maintained. For the Catholic cause seemed to me in such sort not vanquished, as still not as yet to be victorious.% Hereupon I earnestly bent my mind, to see if in any way I could by any certain proof convict the Manichees of falsehood. Could I once have conceived a spiritual substance, all their strongholds had been beaten down, and cast utterly out of my mind; but I could not. Notwithstanding, concerning the frame of this world, and the whole of nature, which the senses of the flesh can reach to, as I more and more considered and compared things, I judged the tenets of most of the philosophers to have been much more probable. So then after the manner of the Academics (as they are supposed) doubting of every thing, and wavering between all, I settled so far, that the Manichees were to be abandoned; judging that, even while doubting, I might not continue in that sect, to which I already preferred some of the philosophers; to which philosophers notwithstanding, for that they were without the saving Name of Christ, I utterly refused to commit the cure of my sick soul. I determined therefore so long to be a Catechumen in the Catholic Church, to which I had been commended by my parents, till something certain should dawn upon me, whither I might steer my course.

Korean bent: 굽은, 초원, 황야, 마음을 기울인, 열심인, 경향, 허리가 굽은, 성벽, 겨이삭속 또는 그와 비슷한 포아풀과의 잡초, 그 줄기, 기호. commit: 위탁하다, 범하다, 몸을 맡기다, 맡기다, 위원회에 회부하다, 감금하다, 수용하다, 손상하다, 속박하다, 떠맡다, 넣다. convict: 죄인, 죄수, 유죄를 입증하다, 유죄를 선고하다, 기결수, 유죄를증명하다, 죄를 깨닫게 하다.

cure: 치유, 치료하다, 고치다, 치료, 양생하다, 치료법, 영혼의 구제, 목사직, 낫다, 가황, 가황하다. dawn: 밝아지다, 새벽, 동이 트다, 여명, 나타나기 시작하다, 날이새다, 동틀녁, 동틀영, 시초, 날이 새다. doubting: 의혹을 품고 있는, 불안한. probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은, 확실한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람, 보결선수, 일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨

일을 할 것 같은 사람. saving: 저금, 구조, 절약, 절약하는, 구제, 제외하는, 저축, 을 더는, 보상, 구하는, 외에는. steer: 키를 잡다, 조언, 향하다, 나아가다, 어린수소, 충고, 조종하다, 인도하다, 에 관계하지 않다, 식육용의 불깐 소, 돌리다. utterly: 아주, 완전히, 완전한, 전혀, 순전히. wavering: 떨리는, 흔들리는.

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BOOK

%VI

O Thou, my hope from my youth, where wert Thou to me, and whither wert Thou gone? Hadst not Thou created me, and separated me from the beasts of the field, and fowls of the air? Thou hadst made me wiser, yet did I walk in darkness, and in slippery places, and sought Thee abroad out of myself, and found not the God of my heart; and had come into the depths of the sea, and distrusted and despaired of ever finding truth. My mother had now come to me, resolute through piety, following me over sea and land, in all perils confiding in Thee. For in perils of the sea, she comforted the very mariners (by whom passengers unacquainted with the deep, use rather to be comforted when troubled), assuring them of a safe arrival, because Thou hadst by a vision assured her thereof. She found me in grievous peril, through despair of ever finding truth. But when I had discovered to her that I was now no longer a Manichee, though not yet a Catholic Christian, she was not overjoyed, as at something unexpected; although she was now assured concerning that part of my misery, for which she bewailed me as one dead, though to be reawakened by Thee, carrying me forth upon the bier of her thoughts, that Thou mightest say to the son of the widow, Young man, I say unto thee, Arise; and he should revive, and begin to speak, and Thou shouldest deliver him to his mother. Her heart then was shaken with no tumultuous exultation, when she heard that what she daily with tears desired of Thee was already in so great part realised; in that,

Korean assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는. bier: 관대, 관가, 묘. confiding: 곧잘 믿는, 믿기 쉬운, 믿어버리고 있는, 신뢰하는. desired: 옳은, 훌륭한, 바랐던, 희망했던. despair: 절망, 절망의 근원, 절망하다, 자포자기. exultation: 환희, 광희, 열광, 몹시 기뻐함.

forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 에서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후. misery: 불행, 비참, 빈곤, 고통, 정신적 고통, 육체적 고통. overjoyed: 기쁨에 넘친, 매우 기뻐하는. peril: 위험, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험. resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한, 의연한, 불굴의, 할 결의인, 굳은결의의. revive: 부활하다, 소생하다, 환원시키다, 되살아나다, 환기하다,

재유행하다, 재상연하다, 회복시키다, 상기하다, 회상하다, 기운이나다. slippery: 불안정한, 미끄러운, 믿을 수 없는, 속임수의, 뻔뻔스러운, 의미가 선명하지 않은, 잡을 데가 없는. tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한, 흥분한, 동요한. unacquainted: 낯선, 생소한, 알지 못하는. unexpected: 뜻하지 않은, 뜻밖의, 예기치 않은.

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though I had not yet attained the truth, I was rescued from falsehood; but, as being assured, that Thou, Who hadst promised the whole, wouldest one day give the rest, most calmly, and with a heart full of confidence, she replied to me, “She believed in Christ, that before she departed this life, she should see me a Catholic believer.” Thus much to me. But to Thee, Fountain of mercies, poured she forth more copious prayers and tears, that Thou wouldest hasten Thy help, and enlighten my darkness; and she hastened the more eagerly to the Church, and hung upon the lips of Ambrose, praying for the fountain of that water, which springeth up unto life everlasting. But that man she loved as an angel of God, because she knew that by him I had been brought for the present to that doubtful state of faith I now was in, through which she anticipated most confidently that I should pass from sickness unto health, after the access, as it were, of a sharper fit, which physicians call “the crisis.”% When then my mother had once, as she was wont in Afric, brought to the Churches built in memory of the Saints, certain cakes, and bread and wine, and was forbidden by the door-keeper; so soon as she knew that the Bishop had forbidden this, she so piously and obediently embraced his wishes, that I myself wondered how readily she censured her own practice, rather than discuss his prohibition. For wine-bibbing did not lay siege to her spirit, nor did love of wine provoke her to hatred of the truth, as it doth too many (both men and women), who revolt at a lesson of sobriety, as men well-drunk at a draught mingled with water. But she, when she had brought her basket with the accustomed festivalfood, to be but tasted by herself, and then given away, never joined therewith more than one small cup of wine, diluted according to her own abstemious habits, which for courtesy she would taste. And if there were many churches of the departed saints that were to be honoured in that manner, she still carried round that same one cup, to be used every where; and this, though not only made very watery, but unpleasantly heated with carrying about, she would distribute to those about her by small sips; for she sought there devotion, not pleasure. So soon, then, as she found this custom to be forbidden by that famous preacher and most pious prelate, even to those that would use it soberly, lest so an occasion of excess might be given to the drunken; and for these, as it were,

Korean abstemious: 절제하는, 검소한. accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한. confidently: 대담하게, 자신 있게, 자신만만하게, 확신하여, 확신을 갖고. draught: 선발하다, 기안하다, 기초하다, 끌다, 제도공으로서 기술을 연마하다. hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게

하다. 깨다, 취하지않은, 수수한, 마음이 honoured: 명예스러운, 명예스럽게 가라앉다, 마음을 가라앉히다, 생각하여, 영광스럽게 생각하여, 냉정한, 과장 없는, 맑은 정신의, 명예를 받은. 침착하게. obediently: 유순하게, 효성스럽게. sobriety: 절주, 근엄, 제정신, 진지함, pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 절제, 냉정, 맑은 정신, 술 취하지 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 않음. 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한. unpleasantly: 불쾌하게, 불유쾌하게. prelate: 고위 성직자. watery: 물의, 엷은, 약한, 수중의, sharper: 사기꾼. 비올듯한, 묽은, 물이많은, 맥빠진, soberly: 분별 있는, 진지한, 술이 눈물어린, 비가 올 듯한, 싱거운.

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anniversary funeral solemnities did much resemble the superstition of the Gentiles, she most willingly forbare it: and for a basket filled with fruits of the earth, she had learned to bring to the Churches of the martyrs a breast filled with more purified petitions, and to give what she could to the poor; that so the communication of the Lord’s Body might be there rightly celebrated, where, after the example of His Passion, the martyrs had been sacrificed and crowned. But yet it seems to me, O Lord my God, and thus thinks my heart of it in Thy sight, that perhaps she would not so readily have yielded to the cutting off of this custom, had it been forbidden by another, whom she loved not as Ambrose, whom, for my salvation, she loved most entirely; and he her again, for her most religious conversation, whereby in good works, so fervent in spirit, she was constant at church; so that, when he saw me, he often burst forth into her praises; congratulating me that I had such a mother; not knowing what a son she had in me, who doubted of all these things, and imagined the way to life could not be found out.% Nor did I yet groan in my prayers, that Thou wouldest help me; but my spirit was wholly intent on learning, and restless to dispute. And Ambrose himself, as the world counts happy, I esteemed a happy man, whom personages so great held in such honour; only his celibacy seemed to me a painful course. But what hope he bore within him, what struggles he had against the temptations which beset his very excellencies, or what comfort in adversities, and what sweet joys Thy Bread had for the hidden mouth of his spirit, when chewing the cud thereof, I neither could conjecture, nor had experienced. Nor did he know the tides of my feelings, or the abyss of my danger. For I could not ask of him, what I would as I would, being shut out both from his ear and speech by multitudes of busy people, whose weaknesses he served. With whom when he was not taken up (which was but a little time), he was either refreshing his body with the sustenance absolutely necessary, or his mind with reading. But when he was reading, his eye glided over the pages, and his heart searched out the sense, but his voice and tongue were at rest. Ofttimes when we had come (for no man was forbidden to enter, nor was it his wont that any who came should be announced to him), we saw him thus reading to himself, and never otherwise; and having

Korean basket: 바구니, 광주리, 네트, 한 바구니, 바구니 모양의 것, 바스켓, 바구니에 넣다. beset: 공격하다, 꾸미다, 괴롭히다, 둘러싸다, 방해하다, 범하기 쉬운, 빠지기 쉬운, 습격하다, 포위하다, 장식하다, 에 박아 넣다. breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, 가슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 대다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 맞서다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다.

celebrated: 유명한, 저명한. celibacy: 독신, 독신생활, 독신주의, 금욕. crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는, 왕위에 오른, 관식을 단. cud: 새김질감, 씹는 담배의 한 조각, 되새김질. custom: 풍습, 습관, 관습, 세관, 애고, 관세, 규칙, 관례, 고객, 단골, 돌봐줌. fervent: 뜨거운, 열렬한, 강렬한. intent: 의미, 의지, 열심인, 취지, 목적,

의향, 사실상, 열중하여, 집중된, 여념이 없는, 여념없는. refreshing: 상쾌한, 가슴이 후련한, 산뜻한, 상쾌하게 하는, 새롭고 신나는, 참신하고 기분 좋은, 산뜻하게 하는, 청신한. resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 을 ...에 비기다. rightly: 바르게, 정확히, 정당하게, 틀림없이, 정당히, 마땅히, 당연히, 정말로, 적당히.

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long sat silent (for who durst intrude on one so intent?) we were fain to depart, conjecturing that in the small interval which he obtained, free from the din of others’ business, for the recruiting of his mind, he was loth to be taken off; and perchance he dreaded lest if the author he read should deliver any thing obscurely, some attentive or perplexed hearer should desire him to expound it, or to discuss some of the harder questions; so that his time being thus spent, he could not turn over so many volumes as he desired; although the preserving of his voice (which a very little speaking would weaken) might be the truer reason for his reading to himself. But with what intent soever he did it, certainly in such a man it was good.% I however certainly had no opportunity of enquiring what I wished of that so holy oracle of Thine, his breast, unless the thing might be answered briefly. But those tides in me, to be poured out to him, required his full leisure, and never found it. I heard him indeed every Lord’s day, rightly expounding the Word of truth among the people; and I was more and more convinced that all the knots of those crafty calumnies, which those our deceivers had knit against the Divine Books, could be unravelled. But when I understood withal, that “man created by Thee, after Thine own image,” was not so understood by Thy spiritual sons, whom of the Catholic Mother Thou hast born again through grace, as though they believed and conceived of Thee as bounded by human shape (although what a spiritual substance should be I had not even a faint or shadowy notion); yet, with joy I blushed at having so many years barked not against the Catholic faith, but against the fictions of carnal imaginations. For so rash and impious had I been, that what I ought by enquiring to have learned, I had pronounced on, condemning. For Thou, Most High, and most near; most secret, and most present; Who hast not limbs some larger, some smaller, but art wholly every where, and no where in space, art not of such corporeal shape, yet hast Thou made man after Thine own image; and behold, from head to foot is he contained in space. Ignorant then how this Thy image should subsist, I should have knocked and proposed the doubt, how it was to be believed, not insultingly opposed it, as if

Korean attentive: 친절한, 경청하는, 정중한, 주의깊은, 주의 깊은. contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운. crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜 꾀가 많은, 간사하게. din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이 나다, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를 멍멍하게 하다, 울리다. enquiring: 문의하는, 질문하는. expound: 설명하다, 상술하다, 상세히 설명하다.

impious: 신앙심이 없는, 불경한, 사악한, 신앙심 없는, 경건치 않은. insultingly: 모욕적인. intrude: 침입하다, 방해하다, 강제하다, 강요하다, 관입시키다, 처넣다, 억지로 밀고 들어가다, 참견하다, 밀고 들어가다, 억지로 밀어넣다, 밀어붙이다. oracle: 신탁, 현인, 사람, 철인, 오러클, 신명. rash: 무모한, 발진, 뾰루지, 지각없는,

성급한, 무분별한, 부스럼, 빈발, 다발, 경솔한, 조급한. soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도. subsist: 생존하다, 존재하다, 급양하다, 밥을 대다, 생활하다, 존속하다, 에게 양식을 공급하다. withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에, 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서.

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believed. Doubt, then, what to hold for certain, the more sharply gnawed my heart, the more ashamed I was, that so long deluded and deceived by the promise of certainties, I had with childish error and vehemence, prated of so many uncertainties. For that they were falsehoods became clear to me later. However I was certain that they were uncertain, and that I had formerly accounted them certain, when with a blind contentiousness, I accused Thy Catholic Church, whom I now discovered, not indeed as yet to teach truly, but at least not to teach that for which I had grievously censured her. So I was confounded, and converted: and I joyed, O my God, that the One Only Church, the body of Thine Only Son (wherein the name of Christ had been put upon me as an infant), had no taste for infantine conceits; nor in her sound doctrine maintained any tenet which should confine Thee, the Creator of all, in space, however great and large, yet bounded every where by the limits of a human form.% I joyed also that the old Scriptures of the law and the Prophets were laid before me, not now to be perused with that eye to which before they seemed absurd, when I reviled Thy holy ones for so thinking, whereas indeed they thought not so: and with joy I heard Ambrose in his sermons to the people, oftentimes most diligently recommend this text for a rule, The letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life; whilst he drew aside the mystic veil, laying open spiritually what, according to the letter, seemed to teach something unsound; teaching herein nothing that offended me, though he taught what I knew not as yet, whether it were true. For I kept my heart from assenting to any thing, fearing to fall headlong; but by hanging in suspense I was the worse killed. For I wished to be as assured of the things I saw not, as I was that seven and three are ten. For I was not so mad as to think that even this could not be comprehended; but I desired to have other things as clear as this, whether things corporeal, which were not present to my senses, or spiritual, whereof I knew not how to conceive, except corporeally. And by believing might I have been cured, that so the eyesight of my soul being cleared, might in some way be directed to Thy truth, which abideth always, and in no part faileth. But as it happens that one who has tried a bad physician, fears to trust himself with a good one, so was it with the

Korean absurd: 불합리한, 어리석은, 부조리한, 모순된, 부조리. childish: 어린애 같은, 유치한, 어린이 같은, 어른답지 못한, 앳된, 아동의, 어른이 같은. confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계, 제한하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위, 억류, 영역, 제한, 국경. confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한, 괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는. corporeally: 물질적으로.

directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은. eyesight: 시력, 시각, 시야. infantine: 유아의, 유치한, 어린이같은, 유아 기의, 유아같은. laying: 부설, 조준, 쌓음, 꼬는 법, 애벌칠, 쌓기, 놓기, 한 배에 깐 알, 끌어 댐, 설치, 한 번에 까는 알. mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의, 비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가, 신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적 상징의.

suspense: 걱정, 서스펜스, 미결정, 불안, 이도저도 아님, 정지, 미결. tenet: 주의, 신조, 교의. unsound: 근거가박약한, 깊이 안 든, 건전하지않은, 얕은, 상한, 견고하지 못한, 건전하지 못한, 근거가 박약한. vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬함, 격정. veil: 베일, 감추다, 가리개, 구실, 너울, 덮어 가리는 물건, 막, 싸다, 베일을 걸치다, 덮개, 연구개.

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health of my soul, which could not be healed but by believing, and lest it should believe falsehoods, refused to be cured; resisting Thy hands, Who hast prepared the medicines of faith, and hast applied them to the diseases of the whole world, and given unto them so great authority.% Being led, however, from this to prefer the Catholic doctrine, I felt that her proceeding was more unassuming and honest, in that she required to be believed things not demonstrated (whether it was that they could in themselves be demonstrated but not to certain persons, or could not at all be), whereas among the Manichees our credulity was mocked by a promise of certain knowledge, and then so many most fabulous and absurd things were imposed to be believed, because they could not be demonstrated. Then Thou, O Lord, little by little with most tender and most merciful hand, touching and composing my heart, didst persuade me—considering what innumerable things I believed, which I saw not, nor was present while they were done, as so many things in secular history, so many reports of places and of cities, which I had not seen; so many of friends, so many of physicians, so many continually of other men, which unless we should believe, we should do nothing at all in this life; lastly, with how unshaken an assurance I believed of what parents I was born, which I could not know, had I not believed upon hearsay -considering all this, Thou didst persuade me, that not they who believed Thy Books (which Thou hast established in so great authority among almost all nations), but they who believed them not, were to be blamed; and that they were not to be heard, who should say to me, “How knowest thou those Scriptures to have been imparted unto mankind by the Spirit of the one true and most true God?” For this very thing was of all most to be believed, since no contentiousness of blasphemous questionings, of all that multitude which I had read in the self-contradicting philosophers, could wring this belief from me, “That Thou art” whatsoever Thou wert (what I knew not), and “That the government of human things belongs to Thee.” This I believed, sometimes more strongly, more weakly otherwhiles; yet I ever believed both that Thou wert, and hadst a care of us; though I was ignorant,

Korean blamed: 지긋지긋한, 빌어먹을, 천벌받을, 빌어먹을 몹시, 지겹게. blasphemous: 모독적인, 불경스러운, 독선적인, 불경한. composing: 진정시키는, 작곡, 조립, 식자, 식자 식자의. continually: 빈번히, 줄곧, 계속해서, 끊임없이, 계속적으로. credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신, 쉽게 믿음. fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는,

전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, 비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은. hearsay: 소문, 풍문, 풍문의. lastly: 최후에, 최후로. mankind: 남성, 인간, 인류. multitude: 다수, 군중. secular: 백년 계속되는, 백년마다의, 현세의, 불후의, 세속의, 속인, 신부, 재속, 한 대 한번의, 한 세기한번의, 수도회에 속하지 않는 성직자.

touching: 감동시키는, 애처로운, 에 관하여, 에 관해서, 감동적인. unassuming: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은. weakly: 약한, 병약한 약하게, 허약한, 갸날프게, 우유부단하게, 약하게, 물기 많게, 무기력하게, 가냘프게, 묽게, 병약한. wring: 짜다, 꽉 쥐다, 비틀다, 짜기, 괴롭히다, 짜내다, 감다, 짬, 왜곡하다, 손을 꽉 쥠, 과즙 짜는 기계.

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both%what was to be thought of Thy substance, and what way led or led back to Thee. Since then we were too weak by abstract reasonings to find out truth: and for this very cause needed the authority of Holy Writ; I had now begun to believe that Thou wouldest never have given such excellency of authority to that Writ in all lands, hadst Thou not willed thereby to be believed in, thereby sought. For now what things, sounding strangely in the Scripture, were wont to offend me, having heard divers of them expounded satisfactorily, I referred to the depth of the mysteries, and its authority appeared to me the more venerable, and more worthy of religious credence, in that, while it lay open to all to read, it reserved the majesty of its mysteries within its profounder meaning, stooping to all in the great plainness of its words and lowliness of its style, yet calling forth the intensest application of such as are not light of heart; that so it might receive all in its open bosom, and through narrow passages waft over towards Thee some few, yet many more than if it stood not aloft on such a height of authority, nor drew multitudes within its bosom by its holy lowliness. These things I thought on, and Thou wert with me; I sighed, and Thou heardest me; I wavered, and Thou didst guide me; I wandered through the broad way of the world, and Thou didst not forsake me. I panted after honours, gains, marriage; and thou deridedst me. In these desires I underwent most bitter crosses, Thou being the more gracious, the less Thou sufferedst aught to grow sweet to me, which was not Thou. Behold my heart, O Lord, who wouldest I should remember all this, and confess to Thee. Let my soul cleave unto Thee, now that Thou hast freed it from that fast-holding birdlime of death. How wretched was it! and Thou didst irritate the feeling of its wound, that forsaking all else, it might be converted unto Thee, who art above all, and without whom all things would be nothing; be converted, and be healed. How miserable was I then, and how didst Thou deal with me, to make me feel my misery on that day, when I was preparing to recite a panegyric of the Emperor, wherein I was to utter many a lie, and lying, was to be applauded by those who knew I lied, and my heart was panting with these anxieties, and boiling with the feverishness of consuming thoughts. For, passing through one of the streets of Milan, I observed a poor beggar, then, I suppose, with a full

Korean aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 초조하게 만들다, 염증을 일으키다, 위쪽에, 위에. 짜증나게하다, 무효로 하다, 염증을 beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다, 일으키게 하다, 안달하게하다, 가난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게 무효로하다, 노하게 하다, 하다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람, 실효시키다. 빈약하게 하다, 가난들게 하다. panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, birdlime: 끈끈이. 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의. gracious: 상냥한, 친절한, 정중한, plainness: 간소, 솔직함, 명백함, 검소, 우아한, 기품 있는, 자비로운, 관대한, 명백. 존귀한, 품위있는, 우미한, 유익한. recite: 이야기하다, 암송하다, irritate: 자극하다, 화나게 하다, 낭송하다, 다시 인용하다,

문서에자세히 기술하다, 복창하다, 열거하다, 읊다, 질문에 구두로 답하다, 말하다, 특히 청중 앞에서 암송하다. venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭엄한, 오래된. waft: 부동, 한바탕 불기, 풍김, 떠돌게 하다, 부동시키다, 씨실, 신호 기, 흔들림, 피륙, 풍기는 향기, 한 번 일기.

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belly, %joking and joyous: and I sighed, and spoke to the friends around me, of the many sorrows of our frenzies; for that by all such efforts of ours, as those wherein I then toiled dragging along, under the goading of desire, the burthen of my own wretchedness, and, by dragging, augmenting it, we yet looked to arrive only at that very joyousness whither that beggar-man had arrived before us, who should never perchance attain it. For what he had obtained by means of a few begged pence, the same was I plotting for by many a toilsome turning and winding; the joy of a temporary felicity. For he verily had not the true joy; but yet I with those my ambitious designs was seeking one much less true. And certainly he was joyous, I anxious; he void of care, I full of fears. But should any ask me, had I rather be merry or fearful? I would answer merry. Again, if he asked had I rather be such as he was, or what I then was? I should choose to be myself, though worn with cares and fears; but out of wrong judgment; for, was it the truth? For I ought not to prefer myself to him, because more learned than he, seeing I had no joy therein, but sought to please men by it; and that not to instruct, but simply to please. Wherefore also Thou didst break my bones with the staff of Thy correction. Away with those then from my soul who say to her, “It makes a difference whence a man’s joy is. That beggar-man joyed in drunkenness; Thou desiredst to joy in glory.” What glory, Lord? That which is not in Thee. For even as his was no true joy, so was that no true glory: and it overthrew my soul more. He that very night should digest his drunkenness; but I had slept and risen again with mine, and was to sleep again, and again to rise with it, how many days, Thou, God, knowest. But “it doth make a difference whence a man’s joy is.” I know it, and the joy of a faithful hope lieth incomparably beyond such vanity. Yea, and so was he then beyond me: for he verily was the happier; not only for that he was thoroughly drenched in mirth, I disembowelled with cares: but he, by fair wishes, had gotten wine; I, by lying, was seeking for empty, swelling praise. Much to this purpose said I then to my friends: and I often marked in them how it fared with me; and I found it went ill with me, and grieved, and doubled that very ill; and if any prosperity smiled on me, I was loth to catch at it, for almost before I could grasp it, it flew away.

Korean ambitious: 야심적인, 대망이 있는, 야심을 품은, 거창한, 대망을 품은. belly: 배, 복부, 식욕, 위, 자궁부풀게하다, 태내, 불룩한 부분, 부풀다. digest: 소화하다, 참다, 납득하다, 이해하다, 요약하다, 요약, 간추리다, 적요, 삭다-요약, 간추리다소화되다, 삭다. dragging: 질질 끄는, 오래 걸리는, 질질 끄는 것, 오래 걸리는 것.

drunkenness: 술취함, 명정의. fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여, 두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는, 두려워, 심한. glory: 장관, 기뻐하다, 영광, 후광, 명예, 번영, 죽다, 송영, 자랑하다, 찬미, 성조기. gotten: 과거 분사. grasp: 잡다, 지배, 쥐다, 쥠, 잡으려 하다, 자루, 이해하다, 이해, 달려들다, 손잡이, 이해력.

joyous: 즐거운. merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의. pence: 페니의 복수형. prosperity: 번영, 행운, 성공. risen: 일어난, 부활한, 오른. winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡, 감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는, 감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절, 감음, 감는 법.

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These%things we, who were living as friends together, bemoaned together, but chiefly and most familiarly did I speak thereof with Alypius and Nebridius, of whom Alypius was born in the same town with me, of persons of chief rank there, but younger than I. For he had studied under me, both when I first lectured in our town, and afterwards at Carthage, and he loved me much, because I seemed to him kind, and learned; and I him, for his great towardliness to virtue, which was eminent enough in one of no greater years. Yet the whirlpool of Carthaginian habits (amongst whom those idle spectacles are hotly followed) had drawn him into the madness of the Circus. But while he was miserably tossed therein, and I, professing rhetoric there, had a public school, as yet he used not my teaching, by reason of some unkindness risen betwixt his father and me. I had found then how deadly he doted upon the Circus, and was deeply grieved that he seemed likely, nay, or had thrown away so great promise: yet had I no means of advising or with a sort of constraint reclaiming him, either by the kindness of a friend, or the authority of a master. For I supposed that he thought of me as did his father; but he was not such; laying aside then his father’s mind in that matter, he began to greet me, come sometimes into my lecture room, hear a little, and be gone. I however had forgotten to deal with him, that he should not, through a blind and headlong desire of vain pastimes, undo so good a wit. But Thou, O Lord, who guidest the course of all Thou hast created, hadst not forgotten him, who was one day to be among Thy children, Priest and Dispenser of Thy Sacrament; and that his amendment might plainly be attributed to Thyself, Thou effectedst it through me, unknowingly. For as one day I sat in my accustomed place, with my scholars before me, he entered, greeted me, sat down, and applied his mind to what I then handled. I had by chance a passage in hand, which while I was explaining, a likeness from the Circensian races occurred to me, as likely to make what I would convey pleasanter and plainer, seasoned with biting mockery of those whom that madness had enthralled; God, Thou knowest that I then thought not of curing Alypius of that infection. But he took it wholly to himself, and thought that I said it simply for his sake. And whence another would have taken occasion of offence with me, that right-minded youth took as a ground of

Korean biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운. familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이, 무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이. greet: 들어오다, 보이다, 인사하다, 들리다, 맞다, 에게 인사하다, 눈에 띄다. handled: 자루가 달린, 핸들이 있는. hotly: 뜨겁게, 열심히, 열렬히, 몹시, 흥분하여, 맹렬히, 매우 성을 내어, 골나서, 노기를 띠고.

mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 흉내, 놀림, 가짜. nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는 커녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, 뿐만아니라. races: 경마 대회. right-minded: 마음이 바른, 마음이 정직한. seasoned: 길든, 양념한, 잘 마른, 조미한, 노련한, 경험이 많은,

경험을쌓은, 잘마른. spectacles: 안경. undo: 풀다 끄르다, 원 상태로 돌리다, 실행 취소, 끄르다, 원상태로 돌리다, 타락시키다, 영락시키다, 여자의 정조를 빼앗다, 풀리다, 동요시키다, 혼란시키다. unkindness: 불친절, 몰인정, 무정, 매정. unknowingly: 모르고. whirlpool: 소용돌이, 혼란.

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being%offended at himself, and loving me more fervently. For Thou hadst said it long ago, and put it into Thy book, Rebuke a wise man and he will love Thee. But I had not rebuked him, but Thou, who employest all, knowing or not knowing, in that order which Thyself knowest (and that order is just), didst of my heart and tongue make burning coals, by which to set on fire the hopeful mind, thus languishing, and so cure it. Let him be silent in Thy praises, who considers not Thy mercies, which confess unto Thee out of my inmost soul. For he upon that speech burst out of that pit so deep, wherein he was wilfully plunged, and was blinded with its wretched pastimes; and he shook his mind with a strong self-command; whereupon all the filths of the Circensian pastimes flew off from him, nor came he again thither. Upon this, he prevailed with his unwilling father that he might be my scholar. He gave way, and gave in. And Alypius beginning to be my hearer again, was involved in the same superstition with me, loving in the Manichees that show of continency which he supposed true and unfeigned. Whereas it was a senseless and seducing continency, ensnaring precious souls, unable as yet to reach the depth of virtue, yet readily beguiled with the surface of what was but a shadowy and counterfeit virtue. He, not forsaking that secular course which his parents had charmed him to pursue, had gone before me to Rome, to study law, and there he was carried away incredibly with an incredible eagerness after the shows of gladiators. For being utterly averse to and detesting spectacles, he was one day by chance met by divers of his acquaintance and fellow-students coming from dinner, and they with a familiar violence haled him, vehemently refusing and resisting, into the Amphitheatre, during these cruel and deadly shows, he thus protesting: “Though you hale my body to that place, and there set me, can you force me also to turn my mind or my eyes to those shows? I shall then be absent while present, and so shall overcome both you and them.” They, hearing this, led him on nevertheless, desirous perchance to try that very thing, whether he could do as he said. When they were come thither, and had taken their places as they could, the whole place kindled with that savage pastime. But he, closing the passage of his eyes, forbade his mind to range abroad after such evil; and would he had stopped his ears also! For in the fight, when one fell, a mighty cry of the whole

Korean acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인. averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한. charmed: 매혹된, 기쁘게 생각하여, 저주 받은, 마법으로 보호된, 마법에 걸린. counterfeit: 위조하다, 흉내내다, 모조의, 모조품, 모조하다, 허위의, 위조의, 위조 물건, 와 아주 흡사하다,

위작, 속이다. fervently: 뜨겁게, 열렬하게, 열심히. hale: 정정한, 잡아 끌다, 잡아당기다, 근력이 좋은, 건장한. incredibly: 거짓말 같은, 믿을수 없을 만큼, 믿기 어려운, 대단히, 매우. languishing: 번민하는, 쇠약해 가는, 감상적인, 계속되는, 꼬리를 끄는, 꾸물대는, 점점 쇠약해지는. mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센, 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이

센. pastime: 오락, 기분 전환. protesting: 불복하는. scholar: 학생, 장학생, 학자, 학식, 어학자, 학식이 있는 사람. self-command: 자제, 침착, 극기. shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한, 그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자 같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는. whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에.

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people%striking him strongly, overcome by curiosity, and as if prepared to despise and be superior to it whatsoever it were, even when seen, he opened his eyes, and was stricken with a deeper wound in his soul than the other, whom he desired to behold, was in his body; and he fell more miserably than he upon whose fall that mighty noise was raised, which entered through his ears, and unlocked his eyes, to make way for the striking and beating down of a soul, bold rather than resolute, and the weaker, in that it had presumed on itself, which ought to have relied on Thee. For so soon as he saw that blood, he therewith drunk down savageness; nor turned away, but fixed his eye, drinking in frenzy, unawares, and was delighted with that guilty fight, and intoxicated with the bloody pastime. Nor was he now the man he came, but one of the throng he came unto, yea, a true associate of theirs that brought him thither. Why say more? He beheld, shouted, kindled, carried thence with him the madness which should goad him to return not only with them who first drew him thither, but also before them, yea and to draw in others. Yet thence didst Thou with a most strong and most merciful hand pluck him, and taughtest him to have confidence not in himself, but in Thee. But this was after. But this was already being laid up in his memory to be a medicine hereafter. So was that also, that when he was yet studying under me at Carthage, and was thinking over at mid-day in the market-place what he was to say by heart (as scholars use to practise), Thou sufferedst him to be apprehended by the officers of the market-place for a thief. For no other cause, I deem, didst Thou, our God, suffer it, but that he who was hereafter to prove so great a man, should already begin to learn that in judging of causes, man was not readily to be condemned by man out of a rash credulity. For as he was walking up and down by himself before the judgment-seat, with his note-book and pen, lo, a young man, a lawyer, the real thief, privily bringing a hatchet, got in, unperceived by Alypius, as far as the leaden gratings which fence in the silversmiths’ shops, and began to cut away the lead. But the noise of the hatchet being heard, the silversmiths beneath began to make a stir, and sent to apprehend whomever they should find. But he, hearing their voices, ran away, leaving his hatchet, fearing to be taken with it. Alypius now, who had not seen him enter, was aware of his going, and saw with

Korean apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, 이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다이해하다, 감지하다. associate: 준회원, 연합시키다, 한동아리, 공동시키다, 동료, 교제하다, 연상하다, 준, 연합한, 연상하다-교제하다-동료, 연상되는 것-동아리의. curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함, 진기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것.

deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다. hatchet: 자귀, 화해하다. leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든, 무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한, 무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한. note-book: 수첩. pluck: 잡아당기다, 담력, 용기를 불러 일으키다, 용기, 꽃과 과일 따위를 따다, 털을 잡아 뽑다, 잡아채다, 현악기의 튕겨 소리내다, 낙제, 낙제시키다, 낙제시키다-획 당기다-

잡아당김. savageness: 황량, 잔혹, 성급, 야만. stir: 활동, 움직이다, 움직임, 휘젓다, 뒤섞다, 흥분, 찌르기, 휘젓기, 유통하다, 흥분시키다, 활동하다. thief: 도둑. unawares: 뜻밖에, 알지 못하고, 불시에, 모르는 사이에, 모르고, 무심히, 부지중에. unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채이지 않은.

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what speed he made away. And being desirous to know the matter, entered the place; where finding the hatchet, he was standing, wondering and considering it, when behold, those that had been sent, find him alone with the hatchet in his hand, the noise whereof had startled and brought them thither. They seize him, hale him away, and gathering the dwellers in the market-place together, boast of having taken a notorious thief, and so he was being led away to be taken before the judge.% But thus far was Alypius to be instructed. For forthwith, O Lord, Thou succouredst his innocency, whereof Thou alone wert witness. For as he was being led either to prison or to punishment, a certain architect met them, who had the chief charge of the public buildings. Glad they were to meet him especially, by whom they were wont to be suspected of stealing the goods lost out of the marketplace, as though to show him at last by whom these thefts were committed. He, however, had divers times seen Alypius at a certain senator’s house, to whom he often went to pay his respects; and recognising him immediately, took him aside by the hand, and enquiring the occasion of so great a calamity, heard the whole matter, and bade all present, amid much uproar and threats, to go with him. So they came to the house of the young man who had done the deed. There, before the door, was a boy so young as to be likely, not apprehending any harm to his master, to disclose the whole. For he had attended his master to the market-place. Whom so soon as Alypius remembered, he told the architect: and he showing the hatchet to the boy, asked him “Whose that was?” “Ours,” quoth he presently: and being further questioned, he discovered every thing. Thus the crime being transferred to that house, and the multitude ashamed, which had begun to insult over Alypius, he who was to be a dispenser of Thy Word, and an examiner of many causes in Thy Church, went away better experienced and instructed. Him then I had found at Rome, and he clave to me by a most strong tie, and went with me to Milan, both that he might not leave me, and might practise something of the law he had studied, more to please his parents than himself. There he had thrice sat as Assessor, with an uncorruptness much wondered at by

Korean boast: 자랑하다, 가지고 있다, 자랑, 뽐내다, 큰소리치다, 호언장담하다, 대강 다듬다, 과시하다, 가지다, 자랑 거리. calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참. clave: 클라베스. disclose: 털어놓다, 노출시키다, 나타내다, 발표하다, 폭로하다, 드러내다. dispenser: 약제사, 분배자, 조제사, 시여하는 사람, 시여자, 자동 판매기.

examiner: 시험관, 심사원, 검사관, 증인 심문관, 조사관, 검사인. forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧 실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로. insult: 모욕하다, 모욕, 모욕적 언동, 무례, 손상, 에게 무례한 짓을 하다, 욕보이다. marketplace: 시장, 장터, 경제계, 경제의 장. notorious: 유명한, 이름난악명높은, 악명높은, 사람 따위 유명한, 행동

따위 유명한, 주지의, 장소 따위 유명한. quoth: 말하였다, 언제나 주어앞에놓음, 언제나 주어에놓음. seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다. startled: 놀란. thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고. uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란.

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others, %he wondering at others rather who could prefer gold to honesty. His character was tried besides, not only with the bait of covetousness, but with the goad of fear. At Rome he was Assessor to the count of the Italian Treasury. There was at that time a very powerful senator, to whose favours many stood indebted, many much feared. He would needs, by his usual power, have a thing allowed him which by the laws was unallowed. Alypius resisted it: a bribe was promised; with all his heart he scorned it: threats were held out; he trampled upon them: all wondering at so unwonted a spirit, which neither desired the friendship, nor feared the enmity of one so great and so mightily renowned for innumerable means of doing good or evil. And the very judge, whose councillor Alypius was, although also unwilling it should be, yet did not openly refuse, but put the matter off upon Alypius, alleging that he would not allow him to do it: for in truth had the judge done it, Alypius would have decided otherwise. With this one thing in the way of learning was he well-nigh seduced, that he might have books copied for him at Praetorian prices, but consulting justice, he altered his deliberation for the better; esteeming equity whereby he was hindered more gainful than the power whereby he were allowed. These are slight things, but he that is faithful in little, is faithful also in much. Nor can that any how be void, which proceeded out of the mouth of Thy Truth: If ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous Mammon, who will commit to your trust true riches? And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another man’s, who shall give you that which is your own? He being such, did at that time cleave to me, and with me wavered in purpose, what course of life was to be taken. Nebridius also, who having left his native country near Carthage, yea and Carthage itself, where he had much lived, leaving his excellent family-estate and house, and a mother behind, who was not to follow him, had come to Milan, for no other reason but that with me he might live in a most ardent search after truth and wisdom. Like me he sighed, like me he wavered, an ardent searcher after true life, and a most acute examiner of the most difficult questions. Thus were there the mouths of three indigent persons, sighing out their wants one to another, and waiting upon Thee that Thou mightest give them their meat in due season. And in all the bitterness which by Thy mercy followed our worldly

Korean ardent: 불같은, 뜨거운, 타는 듯한, 열심인, 열렬한, 빛나는, 불타는. bait: 미끼, 먹이를 먹다, 미끼를 달다, 매어 둔 짐승을 시켜서 곯리다, 마초를 주다, 휴식, 개를 시켜서 곯리다. bribe: 뇌물, 증회하다, 뇌물로 매수하다. consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의, 잔찰을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의. deliberation: 숙고, 심의, 신중,

신중함, 고의. gainful: 이익이 있는, 돈벌이에 열중한, 유리한, 유급으로, 수지맞는, 벌이가 되는, 유급인, 이익이 나도록. honesty: 정직, 성실, 솔직, 루나리아, 정절. indebted: 부채가 있는, 빚이 있는, 신세를 진, 은혜를 입은. indigent: 가난한, 궁핍한, 이 없는, 불완전한, 결합이 있는. mightily: 힘차게.

native: 원주민, 토착의, 자기나라의, 출생의, 타고난, 미개인, 그 지방 고유의, 토착의 동식물, 오스트레일리아 태생의 백인, 토인의, 양식한 영국산굴. searcher: 탐침, 탐색관, 검사관. senator: 평의원, 상원의원, 이사, 상원 의원, 원로원 의원, 정치가, 추밀 고문관. well-nigh: 거의. wondering: 이상한 듯한.

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affairs, as we looked towards the end, why we should suffer all this, darkness met us; and we turned away groaning, and saying, How long shall these things be? This too we often said; and so saying forsook them not, for as yet there dawned nothing certain, which these forsaken, we might embrace.% And I, viewing and reviewing things, most wondered at the length of time from that my nineteenth year, wherein I had begun to kindle with the desire of wisdom, settling when I had found her, to abandon all the empty hopes and lying frenzies of vain desires. And lo, I was now in my thirtieth year, sticking in the same mire, greedy of enjoying things present, which passed away and wasted my soul; while I said to myself, “Tomorrow I shall find it; it will appear manifestly and I shall grasp it; to, Faustus the Manichee will come, and clear every thing! O you great men, ye Academicians, it is true then, that no certainty can be attained for the ordering of life! Nay, let us search the more diligently, and despair not. Lo, things in the ecclesiastical books are not absurd to us now, which sometimes seemed absurd, and may be otherwise taken, and in a good sense. I will take my stand, where, as a child, my parents placed me, until the clear truth be found out. But where shall it be sought or when? Ambrose has no leisure; we have no leisure to read; where shall we find even the books? Whence, or when procure them? from whom borrow them? Let set times be appointed, and certain hours be ordered for the health of our soul. Great hope has dawned; the Catholic Faith teaches not what we thought, and vainly accused it of; her instructed members hold it profane to believe God to be bounded by the figure of a human body: and do we doubt to ‘knock,’ that the rest ‘may be opened’? The forenoons our scholars take up; what do we during the rest? Why not this? But when then pay we court to our great friends, whose favour we need? When compose what we may sell to scholars? When refresh ourselves, unbending our minds from this intenseness of care? “Perish every thing, dismiss we these empty vanities, and betake ourselves to the one search for truth! Life is vain, death uncertain; if it steals upon us on a sudden, in what state shall we depart hence? and where shall we learn what here we have neglected? and shall we not rather suffer the punishment of this

Korean betake: 의지하다, 호소하다, 착수하다, 가다, 로 가다, 을 해보다. greedy: 탐욕스러운, 걸신들린, 열망하는, 게걸스러운, 대식하는. kindle: 타오르게 하다, 빛나다, 점화하다, 불을 붙이다, 밝게 하다, 불이 붙다, 흥분하다, 얼굴 따위가 빛나다, 정열 따위를 타오르게 하다, 불붙다, 태우다. manifestly: 명백히, 분명히. neglected: 게을리한.

procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 상쾌하게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 획득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 원기를 회복시키다, 충전하다, 특히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 보급하다. 매춘부를 주선하다. thirtieth: 제30, 제삼십의, 삼십분의 profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 일의, 십삼분의 일, 제삼십. 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, unbending: 구부러지지 않는, 완고한, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 고집센, 휘지않는 마음을 편하게 함, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다. 확고 부동한, 꿋꿋한, 굽지않는, 굳센. refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, vainly: 헛되이, 자만하여, 공연히, 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 자랑하여, 뽐내어, 자만심에 부풀어, 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 헛되어.

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negligence? What, if death itself cut off and end all care and feeling? Then must this be ascertained. But God forbid this! It is no vain and empty thing, that the excellent dignity of the authority of the Christian Faith hath overspread the whole world. Never would such and so great things be by God wrought for us, if with the death of the body the life of the soul came to an end. Wherefore delay then to abandon worldly hopes, and give ourselves wholly to seek after God and the blessed life? But wait! Even those things are pleasant; they have some, and no small sweetness. We must not lightly abandon them, for it were a shame to return again to them. See, it is no great matter now to obtain some station, and then what should we more wish for? We have store of powerful friends; if nothing else offer, and we be in much haste, at least a presidentship may be given us: and a wife with some money, that she increase not our charges: and this shall be the bound of desire. Many great men, and most worthy of imitation, have given themselves to the study of wisdom in the state of marriage.% While I went over these things, and these winds shifted and drove my heart this way and that, time passed on, but I delayed to turn to the Lord; and from day to day deferred to live in Thee, and deferred not daily to die in myself. Loving a happy life, I feared it in its own abode, and sought it, by fleeing from it. I thought I should be too miserable, unless folded in female arms; and of the medicine of Thy mercy to cure that infirmity I thought not, not having tried it. As for continency, I supposed it to be in our own power (though in myself I did not find that power), being so foolish as not to know what is written, None can be continent unless Thou give it; and that Thou wouldest give it, if with inward groanings I did knock at Thine ears, and with a settled faith did cast my care on Thee. Alypius indeed kept me from marrying; alleging that so could we by no means with undistracted leisure live together in the love of wisdom, as we had long desired. For himself was even then most pure in this point, so that it was wonderful; and that the more, since in the outset of his youth he had entered into that course, but had not stuck fast therein; rather had he felt remorse and

Korean abandon: 에 빠지다, 버려두다, 버리다, 내맡기다, 단념하다, 떠나다, 유기하다에 젖다, 포기하다, 자유 분방, 방종, 그만두다. abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소. delayed: 뒤 늦은, 지발의. dignity: 존엄, 위엄, 관록, 품위, 체면에 관계되다, 위풍, 위계, 고위 인사. foolish: 하찮은, 바보같은, 미련한, 어리석은.

imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내, 인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것, 모조, 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법. lightly: 가볍게, 명랑하게, 부드럽게, 쉽사리, 민첩하게, 경솔히, 사뿐히, 약간, 얕게, 홀가분하게, 조용히. negligence: 태만, 무관심, 부주의, 소홀, 단정치 못함, 등한, 과실, 자유분방, 태반한 행위, 법칙의 무시, 부주의로 인한 과실. outset: 착수, 최초, 시초.

overspread: 전면에 펴다, 전면에 퍼지다, 전면에 펼치다. presidentship: 통솔, 대통령의 지위, 대통령의 직, 대통령의 임기. remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민, 회한, 자책, 자비. wholly: 완전히, 아주, 오로지, 전적으로, 어구와함께. worthy: 훌륭한, 명사, 하기에 족한, 훌륭한 인물, 상당한, 가치있는, 사람, 가치 있는.

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revolting at it, living thenceforth until now most continently. But I opposed him with the examples of those who as married men had cherished wisdom, and served God acceptably, and retained their friends, and loved them faithfully. Of whose greatness of spirit I was far short; and bound with the disease of the flesh, and its deadly sweetness, drew along my chain, dreading to be loosed, and as if my wound had been fretted, put back his good persuasions, as it were the hand of one that would unchain me. Moreover, by me did the serpent speak unto Alypius himself, by my tongue weaving and laying in his path pleasurable snares, wherein his virtuous and free feet might be entangled.% For when he wondered that I, whom he esteemed not slightly, should stick so fast in the birdlime of that pleasure, as to protest (so oft as we discussed it) that I could never lead a single life; and urged in my defence when I saw him wonder, that there was great difference between his momentary and scarce-remembered knowledge of that life, which so he might easily despise, and my continued acquaintance whereto if the honourable name of marriage were added, he ought not to wonder why I could not contemn that course; he began also to desire to be married; not as overcome with desire of such pleasure, but out of curiosity. For he would fain know, he said, what that should be, without which my life, to him so pleasing, would to me seem not life but a punishment. For his mind, free from that chain, was amazed at my thraldom; and through that amazement was going on to a desire of trying it, thence to the trial itself, and thence perhaps to sink into that bondage whereat he wondered, seeing he was willing to make a covenant with death; and he that loves danger, shall fall into it. For whatever honour there be in the office of well-ordering a married life, and a family, moved us but slightly. But me for the most part the habit of satisfying an insatiable appetite tormented, while it held me captive; him, an admiring wonder was leading captive. So were we, until Thou, O Most High, not forsaking our dust, commiserating us miserable, didst come to our help, by wondrous and secret ways. Continual effort was made to have me married. I wooed, I was promised, chiefly through my mother’s pains, that so once married, the health-giving

Korean acceptably: 기꺼이 받아들일 수 있게, 마음에 들도록. admiring: 감복한, 감탄하는, 찬미하는, 찬양하는. bondage: 속박, 노예의 신분, 노예의신분, 감금, 농노, 농노의 신세. captive: 포로, 포로의, 모회사에 전속된, 매혹된, 사로잡힌 상태, 포로가된, 잡힌 사람, 사로잡힌, 빠진 사람, 감금, 넋이 빠진. cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는.

contemn: 경멸하다, 모멸하다. faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히. insatiable: 탐욕스러운, 만족할줄 모르는, 물릴 줄 모르는, 탐욕한, 만족할 줄 모르는. momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, 순간적인, 시시각각의. pleasurable: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 기분좋은. serpent: 뱀, 뱀자리, 악마, 유혹자, 음험한사람, 세르팡, 뱀 같은 사람, 뱀

좌. thenceforth: 그때 이래, 그러므로, 그래서, 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 거기서 부터, 그때이래. thraldom: 노예의 신분, 속박, 노역, 노예의 상태. unchain: 사슬을 푼다, 석방하다, 자유를 주다, 사슬에서 풀어주다. virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는, 고결한 체하는.

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baptism might cleanse me, towards which she rejoiced that I was being daily fitted, and observed that her prayers, and Thy promises, were being fulfilled in my faith. At which time verily, both at my request and her own longing, with strong cries of heart she daily begged of Thee, that Thou wouldest by a vision discover unto her something concerning my future marriage; Thou never wouldest. She saw indeed certain vain and fantastic things, such as the energy of the human spirit, busied thereon, brought together; and these she told me of, not with that confidence she was wont, when Thou showedst her any thing, but slighting them. For she could, she said, through a certain feeling, which in words she could not express, discern betwixt Thy revelations, and the dreams of her own soul. Yet the matter was pressed on, and a maiden asked in marriage, two years under the fit age; and, as pleasing, was waited for.% And many of us friends conferring about, and detesting the turbulent turmoils of human life, had debated and now almost resolved on living apart from business and the bustle of men; and this was to be thus obtained; we were to bring whatever we might severally procure, and make one household of all; so that through the truth of our friendship nothing should belong especially to any; but the whole thus derived from all, should as a whole belong to each, and all to all. We thought there might be some often persons in this society; some of whom were very rich, especially Romanianus our townsman, from childhood a very familiar friend of mine, whom the grievous perplexities of his affairs had brought up to court; who was the most earnest for this project; and therein was his voice of great weight, because his ample estate far exceeded any of the rest. We had settled also that two annual officers, as it were, should provide all things necessary, the rest being undisturbed. But when we began to consider whether the wives, which some of us already had, others hoped to have, would allow this, all that plan, which was being so well moulded, fell to pieces in our hands, was utterly dashed and cast aside. Thence we betook us to sighs, and groans, and our steps to follow the broad and beaten ways of the world; for many thoughts were in our heart, but Thy counsel standeth for ever. Out of which counsel Thou didst deride ours, and preparedst Thine own; purposing to give us meat in due season, and to fill our souls with blessing.

Korean ample: 넓은, 충분한, 광대한, 풍부한. belong: 에속하다, 의 것이다, 있다, 있어야 하다, 속하다, 소속하다. blessing: 고마운 것, 은총, 축복, 행복, 가호, 식전의 기도, 복, 찬성, 축복의 말. bustle: 서두르다, 떠들게 하다, 떠들다, 야단법석, 재촉하다, 부산하게 움직이다, 붐비다, 야단 법석, 허리받이. counsel: 상담, 협의, 계획, 충고,

조언하다, 변호사, 결심, 법률고문, 사려, 조언, 평의. deride: 조롱하다, 비웃다. fantastic: 공상적인, 변덕스러운, 상상의, 기묘한, 기이한. friendship: 우정, 친목, 친선, 교우, 벗으로서 사귐, 벗으로서의 사귐. maiden: 처음의, 아가씨, 처녀, 미혼녀, 미혼의, 소녀, 단두대, 단두대... 미혼의, 처녀인, 처녀의. ours: 우리의 것, 우리의 가족, 우리의

연대 따위, 우리의 임무, 우리의 회사. resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이 생각한, 숙고한, 결의한. slighting: 대수롭지 않게 여기는, 실례되는, 깔보는, 경멸하는. townsman: 읍민, 도회지 사람, 읍내사람. turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 스러운, 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는. undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는, 방해받지 않은.

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Meanwhile my sins were being multiplied, and my concubine being torn from my side as a hindrance to my marriage, my heart which clave unto her was torn and wounded and bleeding. And she returned to Afric, vowing unto Thee never to know any other man, leaving with me my son by her. But unhappy I, who could not imitate a very woman, impatient of delay, inasmuch as not till after two years was I to obtain her I sought not being so much a lover of marriage as a slave to lust, procured another, though no wife, that so by the servitude of an enduring custom, the disease of my soul might be kept up and carried on in its vigour, or even augmented, into the dominion of marriage. Nor was that my wound cured, which had been made by the cutting away of the former, but after inflammation and most acute pain, it mortified, and my pains became less acute, but more desperate.% To Thee be praise, glory to Thee, Fountain of mercies. I was becoming more miserable, and Thou nearer. Thy right hand was continually ready to pluck me out of the mire, and to wash me thoroughly, and I knew it not; nor did anything call me back from a yet deeper gulf of carnal pleasures, but the fear of death, and of Thy judgment to come; which amid all my changes, never departed from my breast. And in my disputes with my friends Alypius and Nebridius of the nature of good and evil, I held that Epicurus had in my mind won the palm, had I not believed that after death there remained a life for the soul, and places of requital according to men’s deserts, which Epicurus would not believe. And I asked, “were we immortal, and to live in perpetual bodily pleasure, without fear of losing it, why should we not be happy, or what else should we seek?” not knowing that great misery was involved in this very thing, that, being thus sunk and blinded, I could not discern that light of excellence and beauty, to be embraced for its own sake, which the eye of flesh cannot see, and is seen by the inner man. Nor did I, unhappy, consider from what source it sprung, that even on these things, foul as they were, I with pleasure discoursed with my friends, nor could I, even according to the notions I then had of happiness, be happy without friends, amid what abundance soever of carnal pleasures. And yet these friends I loved for themselves only, and I felt that I was beloved of them again for myself only.

Korean augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된. bleeding: 출혈, 방혈, 엄청난, 출혈하는, 피나는 느낌의. concubine: 첩, 내연의 처, 처. deserts: 당연한 응보. dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, 천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권. excellence: 장점, 우수, 미점, 탁월. immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는, 불후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람,

불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의 불후의, 죽지않는 사람, 불멸의, 명성이 사라지지 않는 사람. impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 못견디는. inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은. inflammation: 점화, 연소, 염증, 격노, 흥분.

perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한. requital: 보답, 보상, 보복, 복수, 벌. sake: 목적, 위함, 이유, 제발, 을 위함. servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역, 예속, 용역권, 노예임. sprung: 얼근한. sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한.

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O crooked paths! Woe to the audacious soul, which hoped, by forsaking Thee, to gain some better thing! Turned it hath, and turned again, upon back, sides, and belly, yet all was painful; and Thou alone rest. And behold, Thou art at hand, and deliverest us from our wretched wanderings, and placest us in Thy way, and dost comfort us, and say, “Run; I will carry you; yea I will bring you through; there also will I carry you.”%

Korean alone: 혼자, 단지, 홀로, 자기 혼자서, 고독한, 단독으로. audacious: 대담한, 뻔뻔스러운. behold: 보다. bring: 제기하다, 이끌다, 초래하다, 일으키다, 낳다, 데리고오다, 가지고오다, 가져오다, 갖다 주다, 이르게 하다. comfort: 위로, 위안하다, 낙, 위로가 되는 사람, 이불, 즐거움, 편안하게 하다, 생활을 즐겁게 해 주는 것, 마음

편안함, 원조하다, 안락. soul: 영혼, 정수, 정신, 확실히, 기백, crooked: 부정직한, 마음이 비뚤어진, 단연코, 열정, 화신, 사람, 흑인이 구부러진, 기형의, 비뚤어진, 전하는 강렬한 느낌, 흑인 본래의. 부정하게, 부정수단으로 얻은, 허리가 woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 구부러진, 뒤틀린, 꼬부라진, 굴곡된. 슬프도다, 고생, 불행. dost: 직설법, 현재. yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, gain: 획득하다, 이득, 더 가다, 늘다, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 증가, 이익, 잘되다, 진보, 벌이, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 끌어들이다, 나아가다. 이렇게 높은, 네. painful: 아픈, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 고통스럽게, 애써서.

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%VII

Deceased was now that my evil and abominable youth, and I was passing into early manhood; the more defiled by vain things as I grew in years, who could not imagine any substance, but such as is wont to be seen with these eyes. I thought not of Thee, O God, under the figure of a human body; since I began to hear aught of wisdom, I always avoided this; and rejoiced to have found the same in the faith of our spiritual mother, Thy Catholic Church. But what else to conceive of Thee I knew not. And I, a man, and such a man, sought to conceive of Thee the sovereign, only, true God; and I did in my inmost soul believe that Thou wert incorruptible, and uninjurable, and unchangeable; because though not knowing whence or how, yet I saw plainly, and was sure, that that which may be corrupted must be inferior to that which cannot; what could not be injured I preferred unhesitatingly to what could receive injury; the unchangeable to things subject to change. My heart passionately cried out against all my phantoms, and with this one blow I sought to beat away from the eye of my mind all that unclean troop which buzzed around it. And to, being scarce put off, in the twinkling of an eye they gathered again thick about me, flew against my face, and beclouded it; so that though not under the form of the human body, yet was I constrained to conceive of Thee (that incorruptible, uninjurable, and unchangeable, which I preferred before the corruptible, and injurable, and changeable) as being in space, whether infused into the world, or diffused

Korean abominable: 지독한, 싫은, 지겹게, 부상자들, 다쳐서. 일, 영가, 성령의. 지겨운, 지긋지긋한, 참으로 싫은. passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여, substance: 실체, 물질, 실질, 요지, blow: 강타, 불다, 개화, 바람에 격심하게. 재산, 물건, 본질, 사실상, 날리다, 취주, 타격, 한번 불기, sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의, 실질적으로, 자산, 거의 대부분. 휘몰아치다, 산란, 폭발하다, 주권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의, troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼, 낭비하다. 독립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드 모이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리, 몰리다, inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 금화, 영국의 옛1파운드 금화, 특효가 떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병 중대. 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 있는. twinkling: 경쾌한, 어른거림, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은. spiritual: 영적인, 정신의, 신성한, 반짝반짝 빛나는, 반짝임, 번득이는, injured: 부상한, 감정이 상한, 손상된, 흑인 영가, 종교의, 종교상의, 순간, 번쩍거리는, 번드거임, 다친, 감정을 상한, 상처입은, 종교적인 일, 종교적인 것, 정신적인 반짝거리는, 깜ㅃ가임, 깜빡임.

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infinitely without it. Because whatsoever I conceived, deprived of this space, seemed to me nothing, yea altogether nothing, not even a void, as if a body were taken out of its place, and the place should remain empty of any body at all, of earth and water, air and heaven, yet would it remain a void place, as it were a spacious nothing.% I then being thus gross-hearted, nor clear even to myself, whatsoever was not extended over certain spaces, nor diffused, nor condensed, nor swelled out, or did not or could not receive some of these dimensions, I thought to be altogether nothing. For over such forms as my eyes are wont to range, did my heart then range: nor yet did I see that this same notion of the mind, whereby I formed those very images, was not of this sort, and yet it could not have formed them, had not itself been some great thing. So also did I endeavour to conceive of Thee, Life of my life, as vast, through infinite spaces on every side penetrating the whole mass of the universe, and beyond it, every way, through unmeasurable boundless spaces; so that the earth should have Thee, the heaven have Thee, all things have Thee, and they be bounded in Thee, and Thou bounded nowhere. For that as the body of this air which is above the earth, hindereth not the light of the sun from passing through it, penetrating it, not by bursting or by cutting, but by filling it wholly: so I thought the body not of heaven, air, and sea only, but of the earth too, pervious to Thee, so that in all its parts, the greatest as the smallest, it should admit Thy presence, by a secret inspiration, within and without, directing all things which Thou hast created. So I guessed, only as unable to conceive aught else, for it was false. For thus should a greater part of the earth contain a greater portion of Thee, and a less, a lesser: and all things should in such sort be full of Thee, that the body of an elephant should contain more of Thee, than that of a sparrow, by how much larger it is, and takes up more room; and thus shouldest Thou make the several portions of Thyself present unto the several portions of the world, in fragments, large to the large, petty to the petty. But such art not Thou. But not as yet hadst Thou enlightened my darkness.

Korean boundless: 한없는, 무한한. condensed: 간결한, 농축한, 요약한, 압축된. contain: 포함하다, 참다, 견제하다, 끼다, 들어가다, 억누르다, 담고있다, 와 같다, 품다, 인수로 가지다, 이 들어가다. deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들, 불우한. dimensions: 넓이. elephant: 코끼리, 쌍을 보다,

구경하다, 엘리펀트 형지. endeavour: -하려고 노력하다, 애쓰다, 애쓰다 노력하다, 노력, 노력하다, 시도하다, 하려고 노력하다. filling: 충전, 충전재, 속에 넣는 것, 쌓아 올린 흙. formed: 생물적 특징을 갖춘, 형성된. infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히, 무한의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한. lesser: 보다작은, 보다 적은, 보다

작은, 보다 적게. penetrating: 관통하는, 꿰뚫는, 침투하는, 날카로운, 견식 높은, 예리한, 잘 들리는, 통찰력이 있는, 현명한, 예민한. pervious: 통과시키는, 아는, 투과시키는. spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은. sparrow: 참새, 스패로. unmeasurable: 과도의, 극도의, 헤아릴수 없는.

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It%was enough for me, Lord, to oppose to those deceived deceivers, and dumb praters, since Thy word sounded not out of them; -that was enough which long ago, while we were yet at Carthage, Nebridius used to propound, at which all we that heard it were staggered: “That said nation of darkness, which the Manichees are wont to set as an opposing mass over against Thee, what could it have done unto Thee, hadst Thou refused to fight with it? For, if they answered, ‘it would have done Thee some hurt,’ then shouldest Thou be subject to injury and corruption: but if could do Thee no hurt,’ then was no reason brought for Thy fighting with it; and fighting in such wise, as that a certain portion or member of Thee, or offspring of Thy very Substance, should he mingled with opposed powers, and natures not created by Thee, and be by them so far corrupted and changed to the worse, as to be turned from happiness into misery, and need assistance, whereby it might be extricated and purified; and that this offspring of Thy Substance was the soul, which being enthralled, defiled, corrupted, Thy Word, free, pure, and whole, might relieve; that Word itself being still corruptible because it was of one and the same Substance. So then, should they affirm Thee, whatsoever Thou art, that is, Thy Substance whereby Thou art, to be incorruptible, then were all these sayings false and execrable; but if corruptible, the very statement showed it to be false and revolting.” This argument then of Nebridius sufficed against those who deserved wholly to be vomited out of the overcharged stomach; for they had no escape, without horrible blasphemy of heart and tongue, thus thinking and speaking of Thee. But I also as yet, although I held and was firmly persuaded that Thou our Lord the true God, who madest not only our souls, but our bodies, and not only our souls and bodies, but all beings, and all things, wert undefilable and unalterable, and in no degree mutable; yet understood I not, clearly and without difficulty, the cause of evil. And yet whatever it were, I perceived it was in such wise to be sought out, as should not constrain me to believe the immutable God to be mutable, lest I should become that evil I was seeking out. I sought it out then, thus far free from anxiety, certain of the untruth of what these held, from whom I shrunk with my whole heart: for I saw, that through enquiring the origin

Korean blasphemy: 불경, 모독, 죄받을 언동, 신에 대한 불경. corruption: 부패, 타락, 전와, 순수성 상실, 개악, 매수, 폐풍, 퇴폐, 부정, 변조, 독직. dumb: 우둔한, 벙어리의, 말이없는, 말못하는, 무언의, 말문이 막힌, 아연케 하다, 말문이막힌, 깜작 놀라게 하다, 바보 같다, 소리없는. happiness: 행복, 행운, 유쾌, 교묘, 적절, 기쁨, 교묘함.

horrible: 무서운, 심한, 지겨운, 무시무시한, 오싹할 만큼 싫은. immutable: 불변의, 변경되지 않는. offspring: 자식, 자손, 결과. oppose: 반대하다, 저항하다, 대항시키다, 방해하다, 에 반대하다, 에 대항하다, 방해물로 두다, 반대다. opposed: 반대의, 적대하는, 대립된, 반대하는. portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫, 상속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다,

배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 분할하다, 인분. propound: 제출하다. relieve: 구제하다, 해직하다, 안심시키다, 덜다, 경감하다, 대조 시키다, 덜어주다, 돋보이게 하다, 두드러지게 하다, 교대하다, 구출하다. unalterable: 바꿀 수 없는, 변경할. untruth: 허위, 진실이 아님, 말, 부실, 거짓.

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of%evil, they were filled with evil, in that they preferred to think that Thy substance did suffer ill than their own did commit it. And I strained to perceive what I now heard, that free-will was the cause of our doing ill, and Thy just judgment of our suffering ill. But I was not able clearly to discern it. So then endeavouring to draw my soul’s vision out of that deep pit, I was again plunged therein, and endeavouring often, I was plunged back as often. But this raised me a little into Thy light, that I knew as well that I had a will, as that I lived: when then I did will or nill any thing, I was most sure that no other than myself did will and nill: and I all but saw that there was the cause of my sin. But what I did against my will, I saw that I suffered rather than did, and I judged not to be my fault, but my punishment; whereby, however, holding Thee to be just, I speedily confessed myself to be not unjustly punished. But again I said, Who made me? Did not my God, Who is not only good, but goodness itself? Whence then came I to will evil and nill good, so that I am thus justly punished? who set this in me, and ingrated into me this plant of bitterness, seeing I was wholly formed by my most sweet God? If the devil were the author, whence is that same devil? And if he also by his own perverse will, of a good angel became a devil, whence, again, came in him that evil will whereby he became a devil, seeing the whole nature of angels was made by that most good Creator? By these thoughts I was again sunk down and choked; yet not brought down to that hell of error (where no man confesseth unto Thee), to think rather that Thou dost suffer ill, than that man doth it. For I was in such wise striving to find out the rest, as one who had already found that the incorruptible must needs be better than the corruptible: and Thee therefore, whatsoever Thou wert, I confessed to be incorruptible. For never soul was, nor shall be, able to conceive any thing which may be better than Thou, who art the sovereign and the best good. But since most truly and certainly, the incorruptible is preferable to the corruptible (as I did now prefer it), then, wert Thou not incorruptible, I could in thought have arrived at something better than my God. Where then I saw the incorruptible to be preferable to the corruptible, there ought I to seek for Thee, and there observe “wherein evil itself was”; that

Korean angel: 천사, 영국의옛금화, 재정적후원자, 천사같은 사람, 옛날의 영국 금화, 재정적 후원자. choked: 메인, 숨막히는, 진저리난, 막힌. devil: 악마, 악인, 하청일을 하다, 짓찢다, 괴롭히다, 고기에 후추를 발라 굽다, 비상한 정력가, 비상한 정력가-고기에 후추를 발라 굽다, 괴상한 우상, 지독한, 제기랄. goodness: 친절, 미덕, 선량함, 좋음,

신, 선량, 미점. lived: 생명이 ...한. nill: 좋아하지 않다. observe: 관찰하다, 소견을 말하다, 지키다, 주시하다, 거행하다, 진술하다, 규칙 따위를 준수하다, 인지하다, 준수하다, 관찰에 의하여 인지하다. perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다, 알아채다, 인식하다. perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악,

곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 뜻대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 일이 뜻대로 되지 않는. pit: 씨, 함정, 지옥, 구덩이, 곰보를 만들다, 아래층 뒤쪽 좌석, 채굴장, 움푹한 곳, 얽은 자국, 싸움 붙이기, 구덩이를 만들다. strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연스러운.

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is, whence corruption comes, by which Thy substance can by no means be impaired. For corruption does no ways impair our God; by no will, by no necessity, by no unlooked-for chance: because He is God, and what He wills is good, %and Himself is that good; but to be corrupted is not good. Nor art Thou against Thy will constrained to any thing, since Thy will is not greater than Thy power. But greater should it be, were Thyself greater than Thyself. For the will and power of God is God Himself. And what can be unlooked-for by Thee, Who knowest all things? Nor is there any nature in things, but Thou knowest it. And what should we more say, “why that substance which God is should not be corruptible,” seeing if it were so, it should not be God? And I sought “whence is evil,” and sought in an evil way; and saw not the evil in my very search. I set now before the sight of my spirit the whole creation, whatsoever we can see therein (as sea, earth, air, stars, trees, mortal creatures); yea, and whatever in it we do not see, as the firmament of heaven, all angels moreover, and all the spiritual inhabitants thereof. But these very beings, as though they were bodies, did my fancy dispose in place, and I made one great mass of Thy creation, distinguished as to the kinds of bodies; some, real bodies, some, what myself had feigned for spirits. And this mass I made huge, not as it was (which I could not know), but as I thought convenient, yet every way finite. But Thee, O Lord, I imagined on every part environing and penetrating it, though every way infinite: as if there were a sea, every where, and on every side, through unmeasured space, one only boundless sea, and it contained within it some sponge, huge, but bounded; that sponge must needs, in all its parts, be filled from that unmeasurable sea: so conceived I Thy creation, itself finite, full of Thee, the Infinite; and I said, Behold God, and behold what God hath created; and God is good, yea, most mightily and incomparably better than all these: but yet He, the Good, created them good; and see how He environeth and fulfils them. Where is evil then, and whence, and how crept it in hither? What is its root, and what its seed? Or hath it no being? Why then fear we and avoid what is not? Or if we fear it idly, then is that very fear evil, whereby the soul is thus idly goaded and racked. Yea, and so much a greater evil, as we have nothing to fear, and yet do fear. Therefore either is that evil which we fear, or else evil is,

Korean convenient: 편리한, 에 가까운, 형편이 좋은, 손쉬운, 형편이좋은, 간편한 손쉽고 편리한, 사용하기 좋은, 부근에. distinguished: 저명한, 고귀한, 상류의, 뛰어난, 수훈의, 기품 있는, 두드러진. fancy: 변덕, 공상하다, 취미, 공상, 애호가들, 좋아하다, 도락, 터무니 없는, 공상력, 공상의, 애호물로 색다른 동물 등을 기르다.

finite: 정형의, 유한의, 제한된, 한정된. impair: 해치다, 감하다, 손상시키다, 덜다, 떨어뜨리다. impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는. moreover: 더욱이, 그 위에. necessity: 필수품, 궁핍, 필요, 필요성, 필연, 필요물, 불가피, 긴급한 필요, 궁상, 궁경, 불가결한 것. seed: 씨, 시드하다, 씨를 뿌리다, 자손, 종자, 알, 성숙하다, 시드된 경기자,

원인, 종자가 되는 것, 정액. sponge: 해면, 해면으로 닦다, 식객, 술고래, 해면 모양의 물건, 해면에 흡수시키다, 해면을 따다, 흡수하다, 스펀지, 패배를 자인하다, 등치다. unlooked-for: 예기치 않은. unmeasured: 무한한, 과도한, 잴 수 없는, 측정되지 않은, 과도의, 헤아릴 수 없는, 측정할 수 없는. whereby: 어떻게, 그에 의하여, 하는, 무엇에 의하여.

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that%we fear. Whence is it then? seeing God, the Good, hath created all these things good. He indeed, the greater and chiefest Good, hath created these lesser goods; still both Creator and created, all are good. Whence is evil? Or, was there some evil matter of which He made, and formed, and ordered it, yet left something in it which He did not convert into good? Why so then? Had He no might to turn and change the whole, so that no evil should remain in it, seeing He is All-mighty? Lastly, why would He make any thing at all of it, and not rather by the same All-mightiness cause it not to be at all? Or, could it then be against His will? Or if it were from eternity, why suffered He it so to be for infinite spaces of times past, and was pleased so long after to make something out of it? Or if He were suddenly pleased now to effect somewhat, this rather should the All-mighty have effected, that this evil matter should not be, and He alone be, the whole, true, sovereign, and infinite Good. Or if it was not good that He who was good should not also frame and create something that were good, then, that evil matter being taken away and brought to nothing, He might form good matter, whereof to create all things. For He should not be All-mighty, if He might not create something good without the aid of that matter which Himself had not created. These thoughts I revolved in my miserable heart, overcharged with most gnawing cares, lest I should die ere I had found the truth; yet was the faith of Thy Christ, our Lord and Saviour, professed in the Church Catholic, firmly fixed in my heart, in many points, indeed, as yet unformed, and fluctuating from the rule of doctrine; yet did not my mind utterly leave it, but rather daily took in more and more of it. But this time also had I rejected the lying divinations and impious dotages of the astrologers. Let Thine own mercies, out of my very inmost soul, confess unto Thee for this also, O my God. For Thou, Thou altogether (for who else calls us back from the death of all errors, save the Life which cannot die, and the Wisdom which needing no light enlightens the minds that need it, whereby the universe is directed, down to the whirling leaves of trees?) -Thou madest provision for my obstinacy wherewith I struggled against Vindicianus, an acute old man, and Nebridius, a young man of admirable talents; the first vehemently affirming, and the latter often (though with some doubtfulness) saying, “That there was no such

Korean acute: 격렬한, 급성의, 날카로운, 뾰족한, 예민한, 빈틈없는, 예각, 예, 격렬하다, 고통스러운, 예리한. altogether: 전부해서, 아주전혀, 대체로-전체적 효과, 벌거숭이, 요컨대, 전체, 전혀, 다 합하여. convert: 횡령하다, 개종자, 바꾸다, 추가 득점을 하다, 추가 득점이 되다, 차환하다, 전환하다, 변화하다, 변하게 하다, 개심시키다, 개심자. eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한

진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간, 영원의 세계, 영원한 존재. fluctuating: 변동이 있는, 동요하는, 오르내리는. frame: 구조, 뼈대, 액자, 기구, 테, 체격, 모양, 조직, 진행하다, 적합하게 하다, 틀을 잡다. gnawing: 쏠기, 갉기, 쏘는, 괴롭히는, 부단한 고통, 근임없는 고통, 갉는, 가책 갉아먹는, 에일 듯한, 에는 듯한. obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한

언행, 병의 난치. pleased: 기뻐하는, 만족한. professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한, 겉꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고 종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에 들어간, 겉보기만의. unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는, 아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를 이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한. universe: 우주, 만물, 전세계, 영역, 세계, 모집단, 다수, 만유.

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art whereby to foresee things to come, but that men’s conjectures were a sort of lottery, and that out of many things which they said should come to pass, some actually did, unawares to them who spake it, who stumbled upon it, through their %oft speaking.” Thou providedst then a friend for me, no negligent consulter of the astrologers; nor yet well skilled in those arts, but (as I said) a curious consulter with them, and yet knowing something, which he said he had heard of his father, which how far it went to overthrow the estimation of that art, he knew not. This man then, Firminus by name, having had a liberal education, and well taught in Rhetoric, consulted me, as one very dear to him, what, according to his socalled constellations, I thought on certain affairs of his, wherein his worldly hopes had risen, and I, who had herein now begun to incline towards Nebridius’ opinion, did not altogether refuse to conjecture, and tell him what came into my unresolved mind; but added, that I was now almost persuaded that these were but empty and ridiculous follies. Thereupon he told me that his father had been very curious in such books, and had a friend as earnest in them as himself, who with joint study and conference fanned the flame of their affections to these toys, so that they would observe the moments whereat the very dumb animals, which bred about their houses, gave birth, and then observed the relative position of the heavens, thereby to make fresh experiments in this so-called art. He said then that he had heard of his father, that what time his mother was about to give birth to him, Firminus, a womanservant of that friend of his father’s was also with child, which could not escape her master, who took care with most exact diligence to know the births of his very puppies. And so it was that (the one for his wife, and the other for his servant, with the most careful observation, reckoning days, hours, nay, the lesser divisions of the hours) both were delivered at the same instant; so that both were constrained to allow the same constellations, even to the minutest points, the one for his son, the other for his new-born slave. For so soon as the women began to be in labour, they each gave notice to the other what was fallen out in their houses, and had messengers ready to send to one another so soon as they had notice of the actual birth, of which they had easily provided, each in his own province, to give instant intelligence. Thus then the messengers of the respective

Korean bred: 하게 자란. delivered: 인도의. estimation: 견적, 판단, 존중, 평가, 의견, 개산, 가치의 판단. flame: 정열, 애인, 발끈하다, 광휘, 정열을 드러내다, 빛나다, 불길, 훨훨타다, 화염, 불꽃, 태우다. incline: 기울이다, 기울다, 경사, 굽히다, 내키다, 에 가깝다, 의 경향이 있다, 의 경향이 생기게 하다, 으로 돌리게 하다, 숙이다, 내키게 하다.

instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의, 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의, 인스턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의. lottery: 복권, 추첨, 운. negligent: 태만한, 부주의한, 등한한, 무관심한. overthrow: 뒤집어 엎다, 전복, 파괴, 타도하다, 타도, 전복시키다, 정복. reckoning: 청산, 계산, 계산서, 청산일, 벌, 최후의 심판일, 측정, 셈, 배 위치의 추산, 계산서응보, 응보.

servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴, 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의. slave: 노예, 뼈빠지게 일하다, 노예의, 노예처럼 시키다, 노예처럼 일하는 사람, 노예처럼 일하다, 노예개미, 종속 장치로서 작동시키다, 노예같이 일하는 사람, 사로빠진 사람, 종속 장치. socalled: 소위, 이른바. unresolved: 결심이 서지 않은, 미해결의, 불협화의, 결단을 못 내린.

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parties met, he averred, at such an equal distance from either house that neither of them could make out any difference in the position of the stars, or any other minutest points; and yet Firminus, born in a high estate in his parents’ house, ran his course through the gilded paths of life, was increased in riches, raised to honours; whereas that slave continued to serve his masters, without any relaxation of his yoke, as Firminus, who knew him, told me.% Upon hearing and believing these things, told by one of such credibility, all that my resistance gave way; and first I endeavoured to reclaim Firminus himself from that curiosity, by telling him that upon inspecting his constellations, I ought if I were to predict truly, to have seen in them parents eminent among their neighbours, a noble family in its own city, high birth, good education, liberal learning. But if that servant had consulted me upon the same constellations, since they were his also, I ought again (to tell him too truly) to see in them a lineage the most abject, a slavish condition, and every thing else utterly at variance with the former. Whence then, if I spake the truth, I should, from the same constellations, speak diversely, or if I spake the same, speak falsely: thence it followed most certainly that whatever, upon consideration of the constellations, was spoken truly, was spoken not out of art, but chance; and whatever spoken falsely, was not out of ignorance in the art, but the failure of the chance. An opening thus made, ruminating with myself on the like things, that no one of those dotards (who lived by such a trade, and whom I longed to attack, and with derision to confute) might urge against me that Firminus had informed me falsely, or his father him; I bent my thoughts on those that are born twins, who for the most part come out of the womb so near one to other, that the small interval (how much force soever in the nature of things folk may pretend it to have) cannot be noted by human observation, or be at all expressed in those figures which the astrologer is to inspect, that he may pronounce truly. Yet they cannot be true: for looking into the same figures, he must have predicted the same of Esau and Jacob, whereas the same happened not to them. Therefore he must speak falsely; or if truly, then, looking into the same figures, he must not

Korean astrologer: 점성가. confute: 논박하다, 논파하다, 끽소리 못하게 하다. credibility: 진실성, 신용, 신뢰성, 신빙성, 믿을수 있음, 믿을 수 있음. gilded: 금도금한, 화려한. inspect: 검열하다, 사열하다, 시찰하다, 점검하다, 면밀하게 살피다, 조사하다, 검사하다. lineage: 혈통, 부족, 민족, 일렬 정렬, 일렬 정돈.

noted: 유명한, 저명한, 악보가 붙은. predict: 예언하다. pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다, 단언하다-발음하다, 선언하다. reclaim: 교화, 개심, 개화하다, 의 반환을 요구하다, 교화하다, 교정하다, 개간하다, 교정, 매립, 재생고무, 재생. relaxation: 기분 전환, 경감, 이완, 완화, 풀림.이완, 정력감퇴, 편히 쉼,

오락, 쇠약, 느즈러짐, 긴장을 풂. slavish: 독창성이 없는, 천한, 노예적인, 비열한, 노예 근성의, 노예의. twins: 쌍. variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편차, 소장과 진술과의 상위. yoke: 멍에, 멜대, 어깨, 한쌍의 가축, 허리, 지배, 어울리다, 멍에문, 함께 일하다, 결합시키다, 이음목.

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give the same answer. Not by art, then, but by chance, would he speak truly. For Thou, O Lord, most righteous Ruler of the Universe, while consulters and consulted know it not, dost by Thy hidden inspiration effect that the consulter should hear what, according to the hidden deservings of souls, he ought to hear, out of the unsearchable depth of Thy just judgment, to Whom let no man say, What is this? Why that? Let him not so say, for he is man.% Now then, O my Helper, hadst Thou loosed me from those fetters: and I sought “whence is evil,” and found no way. But Thou sufferedst me not by any fluctuations of thought to be carried away from the Faith whereby I believed Thee both to be, and Thy substance to be unchangeable, and that Thou hast a care of, and wouldest judge men, and that in Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, and the holy Scriptures, which the authority of Thy Catholic Church pressed upon me, Thou hadst set the way of man’s salvation, to that life which is to be after this death. These things being safe and immovably settled in my mind, I sought anxiously “whence was evil?” What were the pangs of my teeming heart, what groans, O my God! yet even there were Thine ears open, and I knew it not; and when in silence I vehemently sought, those silent contritions of my soul were strong cries unto Thy mercy. Thou knewest what I suffered, and no man. For, what was that which was thence through my tongue distilled into the ears of my most familiar friends? Did the whole tumult of my soul, for which neither time nor utterance sufficed, reach them? Yet went up the whole to Thy hearing, all which I roared out from the groanings of my heart; and my desire was before Thee, and the light of mine eyes was not with me: for that was within, I without: nor was that confined to place, but I was intent on things contained in place, but there found I no resting-place, nor did they so receive me, that I could say, “It is enough,” “it is well”: nor did they yet suffer me to turn back, where it might be well enough with me. For to these things was I superior, but inferior to Thee; and Thou art my true joy when subjected to Thee, and Thou hadst subjected to me what Thou createdst below me. And this was the true temperament, and middle region of my safety, to remain in Thy Image, and by serving Thee, rule the body. But when I rose proudly against Thee, and ran against the Lord with my neck, with the thick bosses of my buckler, even these inferior things were set

Korean anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, 걱정하여. buckler: 둥근방패, 둥근 방패, 방패. confined: 갇힌, 외출이 금지된, 좁은, 한정된, 해산 자리에 누워. distilled: 증류한, 증류하여 얻은. immovably: 부동의, 동요되지 않는, 확고한, 냉정한 부동산. inspiration: 영감, 인스피레이션, 고무, 감화, 시사, 영감에 의한 착상, 성령감응, 신통한 생각, 숨을

들이마심, 숨 쉼, 들이마시는 숨. 사람, 거만한, 윗사람, 수도원장, pressed: 바쁜, 모자라서, 눌린, 다린. 우량한, 을 초월한, 에 동요되지 않는, proudly: 자랑하게. 보다 놓은, 상급자. resting-place: 무덤, 휴식소, 층계참, teeming: 풍부한, 우글우글한, 지식이 휴게소. 많은, 새끼가 많은, 다산의, 넘치는, serving: 음식을 차림, 한 끼분의 음식, 풍부함. 피복재, 한 그릇, 음식시중, 음식 temperament: 기질, 평균율, 성미, 시중, 한 끼분의 음료, 인분. 격정, 체질, 격한 성미. settled: 고정된, 기틀이 잡힌, 안정된, utterance: 말, 말씨, 발성, 발언, 발음, 정주한, 청산된. 말로 나타내다, 소리, 말함, 어조, superior: 우세한, 우수한, 뛰어난 언설, 입 밖에 냄.

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above me, and pressed me down, and no where was there respite or space of breathing. They met my sight on all sides by heaps and troops, and in thought the images thereof presented themselves unsought, as I would return to Thee, as if they would say unto me, “Whither goest thou, unworthy and defiled?” And these things had grown out of my wound; for Thou “humbledst the proud like one that is wounded,” and through my own swelling was I separated from Thee; yea, my pride-swollen face closed up mine eyes.% But Thou, Lord, abidest for ever, yet not for ever art Thou angry with us; because Thou pitiest our dust and ashes, and it was pleasing in Thy sight to reform my deformities; and by inward goads didst Thou rouse me, that I should be ill at ease, until Thou wert manifested to my inward sight. Thus, by the secret hand of Thy medicining was my swelling abated, and the troubled and bedimmed eyesight of my mind, by the smarting anointings of healthful sorrows, was from day to day healed. And Thou, willing first to show me how Thou resistest the proud, but givest grace unto the humble, and by how great an act of Thy mercy Thou hadst traced out to men the way of humility, in that Thy Word was made flesh, and dwelt among men:—Thou procuredst for me, by means of one puffed up with most unnatural pride, certain books of the Platonists, translated from Greek into Latin. And therein I read, not indeed in the very words, but to the very same purpose, enforced by many and divers reasons, that In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God: the Same was in the beginning with God: all things were made by Him, and without Him was nothing made: that which was made by Him is life, and the life was the light of men, and the light shineth in the darkness, and the darkness comprehended it not. And that the soul of man, though it bears witness to the light, yet itself is not that light; but the Word of God, being God, is that true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world. And that He was in the world, and the world was made by Him, and the world knew Him not. But, that He came unto His own, and His own received Him not; but as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God, as many as believed in His name; this I read not there.

Korean bedimmed: 흐리게 한. 상환 독촉을 유예하다, 일시적으로 본성에 배치되는, 자연적인 천성에 breathing: 호흡, 동경, 발성, 열망, 덜어주다, 정지하다, 집행유예, 배치되는, 꾸민 티가 나는. 휴식, 미풍, 부동, 숨쉬는, 숨쉬는 휴식기간, 휴지. unsought: 찾지않는, 구하지않는, 동안, 숨을 불어넣음, 호흡법. rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 찾지 않는. enforced: 강제적인, 강제된. 날아오르게하다, 일어나다, 술판, witness: 목격하다, 증거, 증언하다, grace: 우미, 은혜, 유예, 은총, 미덕, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 목격자, 증인, 서명하다, 증언, 에 장식음, 장점, 애교, 우아, 매력, 천혜. 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무하다. 입회하다, 증거가 되다, 증거물, healthful: 건강에 좋은, 위생적인, troops: 군대. 증명하다. 건강한, 건전한, 유익한. unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌, wound: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 부상, respite: 유예, 연기, 휴식, 일시적 인도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한, 고통, 손해, 사랑의 상처, 상처, 중지, 에게 형의 집행을 유예하다, 자연적인 인정에 배치되는, 자연적인 상처내다, 부상하게 하다, 손상.

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Again%I read there, that God the Word was born not of flesh nor of blood, nor of the will of man, nor of the will of the flesh, but of God. But that the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, I read not there. For I traced in those books that it was many and divers ways said, that the Son was in the form of the Father, and thought it not robbery to be equal with God, for that naturally He was the Same Substance. But that He emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men, and found in fashion as a man, humbled Himself, and became obedient unto death, and that the death of the cross: wherefore God exalted Him from the dead, and gave Him a name above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should how, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; and that every tongue should confess that the Lord Jesus Christ is in the glory of God the Father; those books have not. For that before all times and above all times Thy Only-Begotten Son remaineth unchangeable, co-eternal with Thee, and that of His fulness souls receive, that they may be blessed; and that by participation of wisdom abiding in them, they are renewed, so as to be wise, is there. But that in due time He died for the ungodly; and that Thou sparedst not Thine Only Son, but deliveredst Him for us all, is not there. For Thou hiddest these things from the wise, and revealedst them to babes; that they that labour and are heavy laden might come unto Him, and He refresh them, because He is meek and lowly in heart; and the meek He directeth in judgment, and the gentle He teacheth His ways, beholding our lowliness and trouble, and forgiving all our sins. But such as are lifted up in the lofty walk of some would-be sublimer learning, hear not Him, saying, Learn of Me, for I am meek and lowly in heart, and ye shall find rest to your souls. Although they knew God, yet they glorify Him not as God, nor are thankful, but wax vain in their thoughts; and their foolish heart is darkened; professing that they were wise, they became fools. And therefore did I read there also, that they had changed the glory of Thy incorruptible nature into idols and divers shapes, into the likeness of the image of corruptible man, and birds, and beasts, and creeping things; namely, into that Egyptian food for which Esau lost his birthright, for that Thy first-born people worshipped the head of a four-footed beast instead of Thee; turning in heart back

Korean beast: 짐승, 가축, 짐승 같은 놈, 식용 소, 동물, 짐승 같은 사람, 축생, 네발짐승. birthright: 생득권, 타고난 권리. first-born: 첫아이. flesh: 고기, 육체, 살, 인류, 육욕, 식육, 생물, 살집, 살색, 과육, 친척. forgiving: 용서하는, 관대한, 책망하지 않는, 인정 많은. knee: 무릎, 무릎으로 대다, 무릎모양의 것, 무릎 모양의 것,

무릎으로 건드리다, 무릎 모양의 물건. lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은. meek: 온순한, 유화한, 겸손한, 기백 없는, 순한, 얌전한. obedient: 순종하는, 유순한, 고분고분한. robbery: 강탈, 강도, 약탈, 강도죄, 도둑질, 강도질.

sublimer: 승화자. tongue: 말, 혀, 국어, 탕, 혀를 사용하여 불다, 혀를 사용하다, 널름거리다, 혀 모양의 것, 말하다, 혀 모양의 가장자리를 만들다, 혀처럼 생긴 것. wise: 방법, 알리다, 현명한, 정도, 영리해 보이는, 분별있는, 슬기로운, 슬기롭다, 양식, 학문이 있는, 알고 있는. would-be: 이 되려고 하는.

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towards Egypt; and bowing Thy image, their own soul, before the image of a calf that eateth hay. These things found I here, but I fed not on them. For it pleased Thee, O Lord, to take away the reproach of diminution from Jacob, that the elder should serve the younger: and Thou calledst the Gentiles into Thine inheritance. And I had come to Thee from among the Gentiles; and I set my mind upon the gold which Thou willedst Thy people to take from Egypt, seeing Thine it was, wheresoever it were. And to the Athenians Thou saidst by Thy Apostle, that in Thee we live, move, and have our being, as one of their own poets had said. And verily these books came from thence. But I set not my mind on the idols of Egypt, whom they served with Thy gold, who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator.% And being thence admonished to return to myself, I entered even into my inward self, Thou being my Guide: and able I was, for Thou wert become my Helper. And I entered and beheld with the eye of my soul (such as it was), above the same eye of my soul, above my mind, the Light Unchangeable. Not this ordinary light, which all flesh may look upon, nor as it were a greater of the same kind, as though the brightness of this should be manifold brighter, and with its greatness take up all space. Not such was this light, but other, yea, far other from these. Nor was it above my soul, as oil is above water, nor yet as heaven above earth: but above to my soul, because It made me; and I below It, because I was made by It. He that knows the Truth, knows what that Light is; and he that knows It, knows eternity. Love knoweth it. O Truth Who art Eternity! and Love Who art Truth! and Eternity Who art Love! Thou art my God, to Thee do I sigh night and day. Thee when I first knew, Thou liftedst me up, that I might see there was what I might see, and that I was not yet such as to see. And Thou didst beat back the weakness of my sight, streaming forth Thy beams of light upon me most strongly, and I trembled with love and awe: and I perceived myself to be far off from Thee, in the region of unlikeness, as if I heard this Thy voice from on high: “I am the food of grown men, grow, and thou shalt feed upon Me; nor shalt thou convert Me, like the food of thy flesh into thee, but thou shalt be converted into Me.” And I learned, that Thou for iniquity chastenest man, and Thou madest my soul to consume away like a spider. And I said, “Is

Korean awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움. calf: 송아지, 장딴지, 종아리, 어리석은 젊은이, 송아지 가죽, 빙산에서 떨어져 표류하는 얼음 덩어리, 멍청이, 머리 나쁜 아이. consume: 소비하다, 다하다, 소멸하다, 소멸시키다, 바싹 여위게 하다, 소비되다, 마음을 좀먹다, 다써버리다, 다 먹어버리다, 소모하다, 낭비하다. diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소,

가늘어짐. 다양성, 복사 지로 복사한 사본, elder: 장로, 원로, 손위의, 연장자, 복사기로 복사한 사본. 연장의, 고참, 고참의, 양딱총나무, sigh: 한숨, 탄식, 을 슬퍼하다, 딱총나무, 이전의, 이전의-연장자. 한숨쉬며 말하다, 그리워하다, hay: 건초, 건초를 만들다, 마초, 살랑거리다, 슬퍼하다, 한숨 쉬다, 잔돈의, 잔돈, 건초의. 한숨 지으며 말하다, 한숨 짓듯 inheritance: 유산, 상속, 유전, 상속권, 산들거리다, 사모하다. 상속 재산, 유전질, 타고난 재능, spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미, 물려받은 것, 계승, 가독, 상속재산. 거미같은, 아주 가느다란. manifold: 다양한, 다방면의, 복사를 unlikeness: 가망 없음, 다름, 닮지 뜨다, 여러가지의, 다수의, 사본, 않은 것, 있을 법하지 않음.

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Truth therefore nothing because it is not diffused through space finite or infinite?” And Thou criedst to me from afar: “Yet verily, I am that I am.” And I heard, as the heart heareth, nor had I room to doubt, and I should sooner doubt that I live than that Truth is not, which is clearly seen, being understood by those things which are made. And I beheld the other things below Thee, and I perceived that they neither altogether are, nor altogether are not, for they are, since they are from Thee, but are not, because they are not what Thou art. For that truly is which remains unchangeably. It is good then for me to hold fast unto God; for if I remain not in Him, I cannot in myself; but He remaining in Himself, reneweth all things. And Thou art the Lord my God, since Thou standest not in need of my goodness.% And it was manifested unto me, that those things be good which yet are corrupted; which neither were they sovereignly good, nor unless they were good could he corrupted: for if sovereignly good, they were incorruptible, if not good at all, there were nothing in them to be corrupted. For corruption injures, but unless it diminished goodness, it could not injure. Either then corruption injures not, which cannot be; or which is most certain, all which is corrupted is deprived of good. But if they he deprived of all good, they shall cease to be. For if they shall be, and can now no longer he corrupted, they shall be better than before, because they shall abide incorruptibly. And what more monstrous than to affirm things to become better by losing all their good? Therefore, if they shall be deprived of all good, they shall no longer be. So long therefore as they are, they are good: therefore whatsoever is, is good. That evil then which I sought, whence it is, is not any substance: for were it a substance, it should be good. For either it should be an incorruptible substance, and so a chief good: or a corruptible substance; which unless it were good, could not be corrupted. I perceived therefore, and it was manifested to me that Thou madest all things good, nor is there any substance at all, which Thou madest not; and for that Thou madest not all things equal, therefore are all things; because each is good, and altogether very good, because our God made all things very good.

Korean cease: 그만두다, 그치다, 끝나다, 중지, 중지하다, 멎다, 멈추다-중지, 끝내다, 중단. chief: 추장, 주로, 족장, 장관, 장, 최고의, 주요한, 주요부, 두목, 보스, 상관. diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진, 반음 줄인, 감손된. doubt: 의심, 의심하다, 의심스러움, 의문, 의문-의심하다, 의혹을 품다, 불확실함, 염려하다.

equal: 같은, 필적자, 평정한, 한결같은, 같은 또래, 필적하는, 대등한 물건, 감당하는, 균등하게 하다, 필적하다, 필적하는 사람. fast: 빠른, 빨리, 단단한, 저항력이 있는, 굳게, 방탕하여, 착착, 단식하다, 푹, 재빠른, 고감도의. longer: 더 길게. losing: 승산없는, 실패의, 패배의, 실패, 지는. monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 괴물같은,

극악 무도한, 어처구니 없는, 괴이한, 대단히. remains: 나머지, 유해. sooner: 선구적 이주자, 선구이주민, 선수치는 사람. truly: 참으로, 정확히, 바르게, 성실히, 정확하게, 사실을 말하자면, 정말로, 진실로, 충실히. unchangeably: 일정하게, 변함없이, 안정되게. understood: 이해된, 양해된, 이해한.

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And%to Thee is nothing whatsoever evil: yea, not only to Thee, but also to Thy creation as a whole, because there is nothing without, which may break in, and corrupt that order which Thou hast appointed it. But in the parts thereof some things, because unharmonising with other some, are accounted evil: whereas those very things harmonise with others, and are good; and in themselves are good. And all these things which harmonise not together, do yet with the inferior part, which we call Earth, having its own cloudy and windy sky harmonising with it. Far be it then that I should say, “These things should not be”: for should I see nought but these, I should indeed long for the better; but still must even for these alone praise Thee; for that Thou art to be praised, do show from the earth, dragons, and all deeps, fire, hail, snow, ice, and stormy wind, which fulfil Thy word; mountains, and all hills, fruitful trees, and all cedars; beasts, and all cattle, creeping things, and flying fowls; kings of the earth, and all people, princes, and all judges of the earth; young men and maidens, old men and young, praise Thy Name. But when, from heaven, these praise Thee, praise Thee, our God, in the heights all Thy angels, all Thy hosts, sun and moon, all the stars and light, the Heaven of heavens, and the waters that be above the heavens, praise Thy Name; I did not now long for things better, because I conceived of all: and with a sounder judgment I apprehended that the things above were better than these below, but altogether better than those above by themselves. There is no soundness in them, whom aught of Thy creation displeaseth: as neither in me, when much which Thou hast made, displeased me. And because my soul durst not be displeased at my God, it would fain not account that Thine, which displeased it. Hence it had gone into the opinion of two substances, and had no rest, but talked idly. And returning thence, it had made to itself a God, through infinite measures of all space; and thought it to be Thee, and placed it in its heart; and had again become the temple of its own idol, to Thee abominable. But after Thou hadst soothed my head, unknown to me, and closed mine eyes that they should not behold vanity, I ceased somewhat of my former self, and my frenzy was lulled to sleep; and I awoke in Thee, and saw Thee infinite, but in another way, and this sight was not derived from the flesh.

Korean awoke: 깨우다의 과거분사. 열리는, 열매가잘열리는, 이익이 cloudy: 흐린, 언짢은, 구름의, 몽롱한, 많은, 수확이 많은, 열매를 많이 맺는, 의미가 흐릿한, 구름이 많은, 탁한, 풍작을 가져오는. 흐릿한, 흐림이 있는, 애매한, 기분이 fulfil: 이행하다, 적합하다, 힘을 좋지 못한. 완전히 발휘하다, 완수하다, 자신의 corrupt: 타락시키다, 타락한, 소질을 충분히 발휘하다, 종료하다, 개악하다, 오염된, 매수하다, 달성하다, 다하다. 순수성을 잃은, 부정한, 뇌물이 hail: 싸락눈, 퍼붓다, 빗발치듯 통하는, 믿을 수 없는, 부도덕한, 쏟아지다, 이라 부르며맞이하다, 전와된. 큰소리로 부르다, 인사, 환호, 의 fruitful: 비옥한, 다산인, 열매가잘 출신이다, 인사하다, 우박, 싸라기눈.

idol: 우상, 사신, 숭배 받는 것, 인기 있는 사람, 선입적 유견. sounder: 음향기, 울리는 것, 전음 발신기, 측심원, 소리내는 것, 소식자, 울리는 사람, 측심기, 산돼지 떼. soundness: 합리적인, 확실한, 충분히, 철저한, 안전한, 건전한, 강하지않은, 건강. windy: 바람이 센, 공허한, 수다스러운, 깜짝 놀란, 가스가 차는, 바람 불어오는 쪽의, 입만의, 말만의.

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And I looked back on other things; and I saw that they owed their being to Thee; and were all bounded in Thee: but in a different way; not as being in space; but because Thou containest all things in Thine hand in Thy Truth; and all things are true so far as they nor is there any falsehood, unless when that is thought to be, which is not. And I saw that all things did harmonise, not with their places only, but with their seasons. And that Thou, who only art Eternal, didst not begin to work after innumerable spaces of times spent; for that all spaces of times, both which have passed, and which shall pass, neither go nor come, but through Thee, working and abiding.% And I perceived and found it nothing strange, that bread which is pleasant to a healthy palate is loathsome to one distempered: and to sore eyes light is offensive, which to the sound is delightful. And Thy righteousness displeaseth the wicked; much more the viper and reptiles, which Thou hast created good, fitting in with the inferior portions of Thy Creation, with which the very wicked also fit in; and that the more, by how much they be unlike Thee; but with the superior creatures, by how much they become more like to Thee. And I enquired what iniquity was, and found it to be substance, but the perversion of the will, turned aside from Thee, O God, the Supreme, towards these lower things, and casting out its bowels, and puffed up outwardly. And I wondered that I now loved Thee, and no phantasm for Thee. And yet did I not press on to enjoy my God; but was borne up to Thee by Thy beauty, and soon borne down from Thee by mine own weight, sinking with sorrow into these inferior things. This weight was carnal custom. Yet dwelt there with me a remembrance of Thee; nor did I any way doubt that there was One to whom I might cleave, but that I was not yet such as to cleave to Thee: for that the body which is corrupted presseth down the soul, and the earthly tabernacle weigheth down the mind that museth upon many things. And most certain I was, that Thy invisible works from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even Thy eternal power and Godhead. For examining whence it was that I admired the beauty of bodies celestial or terrestrial; and what aided me in judging soundly on things mutable, and

Korean bread: 생계, 빵, 양식, 돈, 주식물, 먹을것, 고용주, 주인, 현금, 에 빵가루를 묻히다. casting: 주조, 배역, 낚싯줄의 드리움, 주물, 던짐, 똥, 뱀 허물, 버림, 낚싯줄의 드리움 방법의, 낚싯줄의 드리움의, 던지기. delightful: 매우 기쁜, 즐거운. healthy: 건강한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한. loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜,

싫는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는. outwardly: 외견상, 표면상, 외면상은, 밖으로 향하여, 외면에, 밖을 향하여, 외부에 대하여, 바깥쪽에, 외부적으로. palate: 구개, 미각, 위턱, 취미, 기호. perversion: 악화, 곡해, 도착, 악용, 남용. pleasant: 쾌활한, 유쾌한, 즐거운, 익살, 맑은, 농담, 우스운, 날씨가 쾌적한, 쾌적한.

sore: 상처, 아픈, 언짢은 추억, 지독한, 성마른, 슬픈, 아프게, 얼얼한, 비통, 힘차게, 진무른데. tabernacle: 성궤, 육체, 장망, 천막집, 예배소, 유대성소, 가옥, 성기상자, 을 성실에 모시다, 임시로 살다, 장막. unlike: 다른, 와 같지 않고, 과 달라서, 닮지 않은, 닮지 않은 것, 닮지 않은 사람, 을 닮지 않고, 같지 않은. viper: 독사 같은 놈, 살무사, 독사, 북살무사, 독사 같은 사람.

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pronouncing, % “This ought to be thus, this not”; examining, I say, whence it was that I so judged, seeing I did so judge, I had found the unchangeable and true Eternity of Truth above my changeable mind. And thus by degrees I passed from bodies to the soul, which through the bodily senses perceives; and thence to its inward faculty, to which the bodily senses represent things external, whitherto reach the faculties of beasts; and thence again to the reasoning faculty, to which what is received from the senses of the body is referred to be judged. Which finding itself also to be in me a thing variable, raised itself up to its own understanding, and drew away my thoughts from the power of habit, withdrawing itself from those troops of contradictory phantasms; that so it might find what that light was whereby it was bedewed, when, without all doubting, it cried out, “That the unchangeable was to be preferred to the changeable”; whence also it knew That Unchangeable, which, unless it had in some way known, it had had no sure ground to prefer it to the changeable. And thus with the flash of one trembling glance it arrived at that which is. And then I saw Thy invisible things understood by the things which are made. But I could not fix my gaze thereon; and my infirmity being struck back, I was thrown again on my wonted habits, carrying along with me only a loving memory thereof, and a longing for what I had, as it were, perceived the odour of, but was not yet able to feed on. Then I sought a way of obtaining strength sufficient to enjoy Thee; and found it not, until I embraced that Mediator betwixt God and men, the Man Christ Jesus, who is over all, God blessed for evermore, calling unto me, and saying, I am the way, the truth, and the life, and mingling that food which I was unable to receive, with our flesh. For, the Word was made flesh, that Thy wisdom, whereby Thou createdst all things, might provide milk for our infant state. For I did not hold to my Lord Jesus Christ, I, humbled, to the Humble; nor knew I yet whereto His infirmity would guide us. For Thy Word, the Eternal Truth, far above the higher parts of Thy Creation, raises up the subdued unto Itself: but in this lower world built for Itself a lowly habitation of our clay, whereby to abase from themselves such as would be subdued, and bring them over to Himself; allaying their swelling, and tomenting their love; to the end they might go on no

Korean abase: 떨어뜨리다, 창피를 주다, 낮추다. bedewed: 눈물 따위로 축축하게 한, 이슬로 축축하게 한. clay: 점토, 육체, 찰흙, 자질, 흙, 인격, 인품, 사기담뱃대, 천성, 진흙, 인체. contradictory: 모순된, 정반대의 사물, 부정적 주장, 반박론, 반박적인, 모순 대당, 모순대당, 야립치 않는, 양립하지 않는, 자가 당착의, 자가당착의.

faculty: 재능, 학부, 능력, 기능, 특허, 동업자 단체, 자력, 수완, 대학고교의 전교직원, 학부의 교수단, 직원회의. fix: 고정시키다, 결정하다, 수리하다, 준비하다, 집중시키다, 정착시키다, 조리하다, 지우다, 곤경, 마련하다, 위치. flash: 플래시, 섬광, 허식, 번득임, 번득이다, 방류수, 빛나다, 획 지나가다, 홱 나오다, 순가, 가짜의. odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미.

pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선언, 발음을 표시하는. reasoning: 추리, 추론, 이성이 있는, 논법, 추리의, 증명, 추리력, 논증, 논거, 이론. struck: 파업으로 폐쇄된. subdued: 억제된, 가라앉은, 차분한, 조용한, 완화된, 약해진, 낮춘, 낮아진, 정복된. trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는, 전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는.

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further in self-confidence, but rather consent to become weak, seeing before their feet the Divinity weak by taking our coats of skin; and wearied, might cast themselves down upon It, and It rising, might lift them up. But %I thought otherwise; conceiving only of my Lord Christ as of a man of excellent wisdom, whom no one could be equalled unto; especially, for that being wonderfully born of a Virgin, He seemed, in conformity therewith, through the Divine care for us, to have attained that great eminence of authority, for an ensample of despising things temporal for the obtaining of immortality. But what mystery there lay in “The Word was made flesh,” I could not even imagine. Only I had learnt out of what is delivered to us in writing of Him that He did eat, and drink, sleep, walk, rejoiced in spirit, was sorrowful, discoursed; that flesh did not cleave by itself unto Thy Word, but with the human soul and mind. All know this who know the unchangeableness of Thy Word, which I now knew, as far as I could, nor did I at all doubt thereof. For, now to move the limbs of the body by will, now not, now to be moved by some affection, now not, now to deliver wise sayings through human signs, now to keep silence, belong to soul and mind subject to variation. And should these things be falsely written of Him, all the rest also would risk the charge, nor would there remain in those books any saving faith for mankind. Since then they were written truly, I acknowledged a perfect man to be in Christ; not the body of a man only, nor, with the body, a sensitive soul without a rational, but very man; whom, not only as being a form of Truth, but for a certain great excellence of human nature and a more perfect participation of wisdom, I judged to be preferred before others. But Alypius imagined the Catholics to believe God to be so clothed with flesh, that besides God and flesh, there was no soul at all in Christ, and did not think that a human mind was ascribed to Him. And because he was well persuaded that the actions recorded of Him could only be performed by a vital and a rational creature, he moved the more slowly towards the Christian Faith. But understanding afterwards that this was the error of the Apollinarian heretics, he joyed in and was conformed to the Catholic Faith. But somewhat later, I confess, did I learn how in that saying, The Word was made flesh, the Catholic truth is distinguished from the falsehood of Photinus. For the rejection of heretics

Korean acknowledged: 일반적으로 인정된, 정평 있는, 정평있는. conformity: 적합, 일치, 비슷함, 따름, 상사, 신봉, 부합. creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당하는 자, 여자, 부하. deliver: 배달하다, 구해내다, 연설을 하다, 넘겨주다, 석방을 하다, 분만하다, 후보자을 위하여 표를 모으다, 분만시키다, 넘겨 주다,

가하다, 해방시키다. eminence: 탁월, 전하, 저명, 언덕, 고귀, 높은곳, 고위, 융기, 높은 곳. ensample: 표본, 샘플. immortality: 불사, 불후, 불멸, 불후의 명성, 영속성, 영원한 생명. mystery: 신비, 비결, 중세 종교극, 성체, 불가사의, 비밀, 추리 소설, 성사극, 비법, 성사, 신비적인 사건. rational: 유리수, 합리적인, 추리의, 유리의, 이성의, 합리적인 것, 추론의,

순이론의, 유리수의, 사리에 맞는, 이성 있는. rejection: 거절, 부결, 배제, 구토, 폐기, 폐기물, 각하, 거부반응. self-confidence: 자신, 자신 과잉, 자신감, 자부. sorrowful: 슬픈, 가슴아픈, 슬퍼보이는, 애처로운, 슬퍼하는, 슬프게 하는, 슬픔에 젖은, 후회하는. unchangeableness: 안정됨, 일정불변. wearied: 피곤한.

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makes the tenets of Thy Church and sound doctrine to stand out more clearly. For there must also be heresies, that the approved may be made manifest among the weak. But %having then read those books of the Platonists, and thence been taught to search for incorporeal truth, I saw Thy invisible things, understood by those things which are made; and though cast back, I perceived what that was which through the darkness of my mind I was hindered from contemplating, being assured “That Thou wert, and wert infinite, and yet not diffused in space, finite or infinite; and that Thou truly art Who art the same ever, in no part nor motion varying; and that all other things are from Thee, on this most sure ground alone, that they are.” Of these things I was assured, yet too unsure to enjoy Thee. I prated as one well skilled; but had I not sought Thy way in Christ our Saviour, I had proved to be, not skilled, but killed. For now I had begun to wish to seem wise, being filled with mine own punishment, yet I did not mourn, but rather scorn, puffed up with knowledge. For where was that charity building upon the foundation of humility, which is Christ Jesus? or when should these books teach me it? Upon these, I believe, Thou therefore willedst that I should fall, before I studied Thy Scriptures, that it might be imprinted on my memory how I was affected by them; and that afterwards when my spirits were tamed through Thy books, and my wounds touched by Thy healing fingers, I might discern and distinguish between presumption and confession; between those who saw whither they were to go, yet saw not the way, and the way that leadeth not to behold only but to dwell in the beatific country. For had I first been formed in Thy Holy Scriptures, and hadst Thou in the familiar use of them grown sweet unto me, and had I then fallen upon those other volumes, they might perhaps have withdrawn me from the solid ground of piety, or, had I continued in that healthful frame which I had thence imbibed, I might have thought that it might have been obtained by the study of those books alone. Most eagerly then did I seize that venerable writing of Thy Spirit; and chiefly the Apostle Paul. Whereupon those difficulties vanished away, wherein he once seemed to me to contradict himself, and the text of his discourse not to agree

Korean assured: 자신있게, 확실한, 보험에 부친, 확신하여, 자신 있는, 생명 보험을 건, 보증된. contradict: 모순되다, 부정하다, 반박하다, 반대하다, 부인하다. discourse: 담화, 논설, 설교, 이야기, 강연, 강연하다, 논술하다, 강화. distinguish: 구별하다, 분류하다, 분간하다, 두르러지가하다, 수훈을 세우다, 이름을 떨치다, 구별이 되다, 구별하는, 판별하다, 두드러지게

하다, 식별하다. dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 발음하다, 길게논하다, 곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다. healing: 치료의, 치유, 치료. mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다, 몽상하다, 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다, 탄식하다. skilled: 숙련된, 기술이 좋은, 숙련이

필요한, 솜씨를 요하는, 숙련을 요하는, 특수 기술을 요하는. teach: 가르치다, 교수하다, 선생질하다, 깨닫게 하다, 교사를 하다, 혼내주다, 훈련하다. unsure: 불안정한, 불확실한, 자신이 없는, 확신이 없는, 믿을 수 없는, 신용할 수 없는. varying: 변화하는, 바뀌는. withdrawn: 인적이 드문, 내성적인, 빼는.

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with the testimonies of the Law and the Prophets. And the face of that pure word appeared to me one and the same; and I learned to rejoice with trembling. So I began; and whatsoever truth I had read in those other books, I found here amid the praise of Thy Grace; that whoso sees, may not so glory as if he had not received, %not only what he sees, but also that he sees (for what hath he, which he hath not received?), and that he may be not only admonished to behold Thee, who art ever the same, but also healed, to hold Thee; and that he who cannot see afar off, may yet walk on the way, whereby he may arrive, and behold, and hold Thee. For, though a man be delighted with the law of God after the inner man, what shall he do with that other law in his members which warreth against the law of his mind, and bringeth him into captivity to the law of sin which is in his members? For, Thou art righteous, O Lord, but we have sinned and committed iniquity, and have done wickedly, and Thy hand is grown heavy upon us, and we are justly delivered over unto that ancient sinner, the king of death; because he persuaded our will to be like his will whereby he abode not in Thy truth. What shall wretched man do? who shall deliver him from the body of his death, but only Thy Grace, through Jesus Christ our Lord, whom Thou hast begotten co-eternal, and formedst in the beginning of Thy ways, in whom the prince of this world found nothing worthy of death, yet killed he Him; and the handwriting, which was contrary to us, was blotted out? This those writings contain not. Those pages present not the image of this piety, the tears of confession, Thy sacrifice, a troubled spirit, a broken and a contrite heart, the salvation of the people, the Bridal City, the earnest of the Holy Ghost, the Cup of our Redemption. No man sings there, Shall not my soul be submitted unto God? for of Him cometh my salvation. For He is my God and my salvation, my guardian, I shall no more be moved. No one there hears Him call, Come unto Me, all ye that labour. They scorn to learn of Him, because He is meek and lowly in heart; for these things hast Thou hid from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes. For it is one thing, from the mountain’s shaggy top to see the land of peace, and to find no way thither; and in vain to essay through ways unpassable, opposed and beset by fugitives and deserters, under their captain the lion and the dragon: and another to keep on the way that leads

Korean amid: 의 한 복판에, 의 한가운데에, 샤프롱, 엄격한샤프롱, 엄중한 이 한창일 때, 한창 한는 중에, 감시인, 엄중한 여감시인, 용문, 장갑 복판에, 의 한복판에, 한창 때에. 트랙터, 사나운 사람, 마왕. arrive: 도착하다, 명성을얻다, 달하다, essay: 수필, 소론, 시도하다, 시도, 도달하다, 태어나다, 성공하다, 시험하다, 시론, 평론, 하려고 하다, 일어나다. 기도. books: 책. guardian: 보호자, 후견인, 관리인, captivity: 감금, 사로잡힌 신세, 보호하는, 수호자, 감시인. 사로잡힘, 포로, 포로의 신세, 포로의 lion: 사자, 용사, 명사, 아이온, 인기의 기간, 생포, 나포, 바빌론 포로. 중심, 명소, 라이온, 라이온스 클럽의 dragon: 용, 감시인, 용자리, 엄격한 회원, 사자 별자리, 사자문장, 사자인.

moved: 움직이는. prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 조심스러운. pure: 순수한, 순혈의, 단순한, 순전한, 더러움 없는, 오점 없는, 깨끗한, 순이론적인-순수한 것, 순이론적인, 완전한, 고결한. shaggy: 털복숭이의, 털이 더부룩한, 털 북숭이의, 길고 부드러운 털이 있는, 털이 많은, 풀숲이 많은, 얽히고 설킨.

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thither, guarded by the host of the heavenly General; where they spoil not who have deserted the heavenly army; for they avoid it, as very torment. These things did wonderfully sink into my bowels, when I read that least of Thy % Apostles, and had meditated upon Thy works, and trembled exceedingly.

Korean avoid: 피하다, 회피하다, 무효, 무효로 천부의, 거룩한, 근사한, 타고난, spoil: 관직, 망치다, 이권, 약탈하다, 하다, 기피. 천국의, 멋진, 천국과 같이. 발굴물, 약탈품, 아이를 응석받이로 bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 host: 숙주, 주인, 천사의 떼, 군세, 키우다, 못쓰게 되다, 손상케하다, 깃드는 곳. 다수, 많은 떼, 군, 여럿, 호스트역을 상하다, 약탈. deserted: 버림받은, 사람이 살지 않는, 맡다, 주최국을 맡다, 주인역을 맡다. thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 활페한, 황폐한. least: 하다못해, 가장적게, 최소, 가장 저쪽으로. exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 적게, 가장 작은. torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다, 굉장히. sink: 쇠약해지다, 내려앉다, 낮추다, 나무라다, 그원인, 고민, 괴롭힘, guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 가라앉히다, 지다, 스며들다, 곤란하게 하다, 고문대. 감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는. 몰락하다, 침몰하다, 숙이다, 쑥 heavenly: 하늘의, 천국 같은, 훌륭한, 빠지다, 우묵해지다.

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%VIII

O my God, let me, with thanksgiving, remember, and confess unto Thee Thy mercies on me. Let my bones be bedewed with Thy love, and let them say unto Thee, Who is like unto Thee, O Lord? Thou hast broken my bonds in sunder, I will offer unto Thee the sacrifice of thanksgiving. And how Thou hast broken them, I will declare; and all who worship Thee, when they hear this, shall say, “Blessed be the Lord, in heaven and in earth, great and wonderful is his name. “ Thy words had stuck fast in my heart, and I was hedged round about on all sides by Thee. Of Thy eternal life I was now certain, though I saw it in a figure and as through a glass. Yet I had ceased to doubt that there was an incorruptible substance, whence was all other substance; nor did I now desire to be more certain of Thee, but more steadfast in Thee. But for my temporal life, all was wavering, and my heart had to be purged from the old leaven. The Way, the Saviour Himself, well pleased me, but as yet I shrunk from going through its straitness. And Thou didst put into my mind, and it seemed good in my eyes, to go to Simplicianus, who seemed to me a good servant of Thine; and Thy grace shone in him. I had heard also that from his very youth he had lived most devoted unto Thee. Now he was grown into years; and by reason of so great age spent in such zealous following of Thy ways, he seemed to me likely to have learned much experience; and so he had. Out of which store I wished that he

Korean declare: 언명하다, 선언하다, 성명하다, 신고하다, 공언하다, 언명해 놓고 그만두다, 신고하다공언하다, 단언하다, 나타내다, 알리다, 포고하다. devoted: 헌신적인, 골몰하여, 저주받은, 몸을 바친, 애정이 깊은, 열애하는, 골몰하는, 헌납된. learned: 학구적인, 학식 있는, 학자의, 학문상의, 학문이 있는, 학식이 있는. leaven: 효모, 발효시키다, 영향을

주다, 누룩, 감화를 주는 것, 이스트를 넣어 부풀어오르게 하다, 영향을 주는 것, 부풀어오르게 하다, 에 잠세력을 미치다, 에 영향을 미치다. spent: 다 써버린, 지쳐버린, 산란한. steadfast: 견실한, 부동의, 고정된. store: 축적, 공급하다, 창고에 보관하다, 백화점, 저장소, 저장, 기억시키다, 저축하다, 비축, 떼어두다, 넣을 여지가 있다. straitness: 좁음, 엄격함, 답답함.

sunder: 가르다, 찢다, 갈라지다, 때다, 분리되다, 따로 따로. wonderful: 이상한, 놀라운, 굉장한, 훌륭한. worship: 예배, 숭배, 예배하다, 경모, 각하, 숭배하다, 참배, 명예, 예배식, 존경, 참배하다. youth: 젊음, 초기, 청년, 연소, 청춘, 젊은이, 혈기, 발육기, 원기, 젊은이들, 청춘기. zealous: 열광적인, 열심인.

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would tell me (setting before him my anxieties) which were the fittest way for one in my case to walk in Thy paths.% For, I saw the church full; and one went this way, and another that way. But I was displeased that I led a secular life; yea now that my desires no longer inflamed me, as of old, with hopes of honour and profit, a very grievous burden it was to undergo so heavy a bondage. For, in comparison of Thy sweetness, and the beauty of Thy house which I loved, those things delighted me no longer. But still I was enthralled with the love of woman; nor did the Apostle forbid me to marry, although he advised me to something better, chiefly wishing that all men were as himself was. But I being weak, chose the more indulgent place; and because of this alone, was tossed up and down in all beside, faint and wasted with withering cares, because in other matters I was constrained against my will to conform myself to a married life, to which I was given up and enthralled. I had heard from the mouth of the Truth, that there were some eunuchs which had made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s sake: but, saith He, let him who can receive it, receive it. Surely vain are all men who are ignorant of God, and could not out of the good things which are seen, find out Him who is good. But I was no longer in that vanity; I had surmounted it; and by the common witness of all Thy creatures had found Thee our Creator, and Thy Word, God with Thee, and together with Thee one God, by whom Thou createdst all things. There is yet another kind of ungodly, who knowing God, glorified Him not as God, neither were thankful. Into this also had I fallen, but Thy right hand upheld me, and took me thence, and Thou placedst me where I might recover. For Thou hast said unto man, Behold, the fear of the Lord is wisdom, and, Desire not to seem wise; because they who affirmed themselves to be wise, became fools. But I had now found the goodly pearl, which, selling all that I had, I ought to have bought, and I hesitated. To Simplicianus then I went, the father of Ambrose (a Bishop now) in receiving Thy grace, and whom Ambrose truly loved as a father. To him I related the mazes of my wanderings. But when I mentioned that I had read certain books of the Platonists, which Victorinus, sometime Rhetoric Professor of

Korean advised: 숙고한, 신중한, 곰곰이 활기없는, 졸도하다, 엷은, 가냘픈, 생각한 끝의, 무분별한, 숙고한 후의. 힘없는. chose: 재산, 물, 물건. goodly: 잘생긴, 상당한, 용모가 comparison: 비교, 비유, 유사, 비김, 단정한, 훌륭한, 잘 생긴, 큰. 필적, 대조, 비교변화. indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, conform: 따르다, 국교를 준봉하다, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 합치하다, 순응하다, 따르게하다, 엄하지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는. 맞게하다, 일치하다, 적합시키다, pearl: 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛, 따르게 하다, 맞게 하다. 진주 진주로 장식하다 진주의, 전형, faint: 어질어질한, 희미한, 연약한, 진주색, 진주로 장식하다, 진주 같은 기절하다, 쇠약해진, 약해지다, 이슬, 진주 같은 이 따위, 진주 같은

눈물, 펄. receiving: 수신의, 받는, 고매, 받음, 환영의. recover: 회복시키다, 회복하다, 벌충하다, 되찾다, 보상하다, 승소, 완쾌, -의 덮개를 갈아 붙이다, 회복, 되찾음, 승소하다. undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다. wasted: 황폐한, 살해된, 지나간. withering: 시들게 하는, 위축시키는.

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Rome% (who had died a Christian, as I had heard), had translated into Latin, he testified his joy that I had not fallen upon the writings of other philosophers, full of fallacies and deceits, after the rudiments of this world, whereas the Platonists many ways led to the belief in God and His Word. Then to exhort me to the humility of Christ, hidden from the wise, and revealed to little ones, he spoke of Victorinus himself, whom while at Rome he had most intimately known: and of him he related what I will not conceal. For it contains great praise of Thy grace, to be confessed unto Thee, how that aged man, most learned and skilled in the liberal sciences, and who had read, and weighed so many works of the philosophers; the instructor of so many noble Senators, who also, as a monument of his excellent discharge of his office, had (which men of this world esteem a high honour) both deserved and obtained a statue in the Roman Forum; he, to that age a worshipper of idols, and a partaker of the sacrilegious rites, to which almost all the nobility of Rome were given up, and had inspired the people with the love of Anubis, barking Deity, and all The monster Gods of every kind, who fought ‘Gainst Neptune, Venus, and Minerva: whom Rome once conquered, now adored, all which the aged Victorinus had with thundering eloquence so many years defended; -he now blushed not to be the child of Thy Christ, and the new-born babe of Thy fountain; submitting his neck to the yoke of humility, and subduing his forehead to the reproach of the Cross. O Lord, Lord, Which hast bowed the heavens and come down, touched the mountains and they did smoke, by what means didst Thou convey Thyself into that breast? He used to read (as Simplicianus said) the holy Scripture, most studiously sought and searched into all the Christian writings, and said to Simplicianus (not openly, but privately and as a friend), “Understand that I am already a Christian.” Whereto he answered, “I will not believe it, nor will I rank

Korean babe: 숫보기, 아기. barking: 짖는, 짖는 소리, 심한 기침, 호통, 권총, 잘 짖는. bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한. conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로 하다, 내색하지 않다. esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다, 귀중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경, 간주하다-존경, 평가하다. exhort: 훈계하다, 권고하다,

열심히권하다, 간곡히 타이르다. fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 잉크 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 저장 용기. instructor: 교사, 지도자, 전임강사, 가르치는 사람, 강사, 사범님, 교수하는 사람. intimately: 친밀히, 친밀하게, 충심으로, 직접적으로, 상세하게, 내심으로. monument: 기념비, 기념물, 기념관,

기념문, 기념상, 문서, 불후의 업적, 경계표, 기념탑, 불후의 저작, 런던 대화재의 기념탑. statue: 조상, 상, 초상. studiously: 애써 -하여, 학문을 좋아하여, 꼼꼼하게, 신중하게. thundering: 엄청나게, 터무니없는, 우뢰같이 울리는, 우뢰같은, 터무니없이, 매우, 뇌성같이 울리는, 뇌성 같은, 거대한, 우뢰 같은. worshipper: 숭배자, 예배자, 참배자.

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you%among Christians, unless I see you in the Church of Christ.” The other, in banter, replied, “Do walls then make Christians?” And this he often said, that he was already a Christian; and Simplicianus as often made the same answer, and the conceit of the “walls” was by the other as often renewed. For he feared to offend his friends, proud daemon-worshippers, from the height of whose Babylonian dignity, as from cedars of Libanus, which the Lord had not yet broken down, he supposed the weight of enmity would fall upon him. But after that by reading and earnest thought he had gathered firmness, and feared to be denied by Christ before the holy angels, should he now be afraid to confess Him before men, and appeared to himself guilty of a heavy offence, in being ashamed of the Sacraments of the humility of Thy Word, and not being ashamed of the sacrilegious rites of those proud daemons, whose pride he had imitated and their rites adopted, he became bold-faced against vanity, and shame-faced towards the truth, and suddenly and unexpectedly said to Simplicianus (as himself told me), “Go we to the Church; I wish to be made a Christian.” But he, not containing himself for joy, went with him. And having been admitted to the first Sacrament and become a Catechumen, not long after he further gave in his name, that he might be regenerated by baptism, Rome wondering, the Church rejoicing. The proud saw, and were wroth; they gnashed with their teeth, and melted away. But the Lord God was the hope of Thy servant, and he regarded not vanities and lying madness. To conclude, when the hour was come for making profession of his faith (which at Rome they, who are about to approach to Thy grace, deliver, from an elevated place, in the sight of all the faithful, in a set form of words committed to memory), the presbyters, he said, offered Victorinus (as was done to such as seemed likely through bashfulness to be alarmed) to make his profession more privately: but he chose rather to profess his salvation in the presence of the holy multitude. “For it was not salvation that he taught in rhetoric, and yet that he had publicly professed: how much less then ought he, when pronouncing Thy word, to dread Thy meek flock, who, when delivering his own words, had not feared a mad multitude!” When, then, he went up to make his profession, all, as they knew him, whispered his name one to another with the voice of

Korean alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란. banter: 놀림, 놀리다, 조롱하다, 악의 없는 농담, 희롱하다, 희롱, 농담을 하다, 농담, 농담하다. bashfulness: 수줍음, 부끄러움, 수줍어. conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다. conclude: 체결하다, 끝내다, 말을

맺다, 끝나다, 결론을 내리다, 마치다, 결론하다, 결말짓다, 결정하다, 마무리하다, 추단하다. dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다, 걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건, 무서운 사람. elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한, 거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여 기분이 좋은. flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를

채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치. holy: 신성한, 거룩한, 성인 같은. imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의, 모방된, 흉내내어진. privately: 은밀히, 개인으로서, 남몰래, 몰래. publicly: 여론으로, 공공연히, 공공연하게. unexpectedly: 뜻밖에, 돌연, 예상외로, 갑자기.

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congratulation. And who there knew him not? and there ran a low murmur through all the mouths of the rejoicing multitude, Victorinus! Victorinus! Sudden was the burst of rapture, that they saw him; suddenly were they hushed that they might hear him. He pronounced the true faith with an excellent boldness, and all wished to draw him into their very heart; yea by their love and joy they drew him thither, such were the hands wherewith they drew him.% Good God! what takes place in man, that he should more rejoice at the salvation of a soul despaired of, and freed from greater peril, than if there had always been hope of him, or the danger had been less? For so Thou also, merciful Father, dost more rejoice over one penitent than over ninety-nine just persons that need no repentance. And with much joyfulness do we hear, so often as we hear with what joy the sheep which had strayed is brought back upon the shepherd’s shoulder, and the groat is restored to Thy treasury, the neighbours rejoicing with the woman who found it; and the joy of the solemn service of Thy house forceth to tears, when in Thy house it is read of Thy younger son, that he was dead, and liveth again; had been lost, and is found. For Thou rejoicest in us, and in Thy holy angels, holy through holy charity. For Thou art ever the same; for all things which abide not the same nor for ever, Thou for ever knowest in the same way. What then takes place in the soul, when it is more delighted at finding or recovering the things it loves, than if it had ever had them? yea, and other things witness hereunto; and all things are full of witnesses, crying out, “So is it.” The conquering commander triumpheth; yet had he not conquered unless he had fought; and the more peril there was in the battle, so much the more joy is there in the triumph. The storm tosses the sailors, threatens shipwreck; all wax pale at approaching death; sky and sea are calmed, and they are exceeding joyed, as having been exceeding afraid. A friend is sick, and his pulse threatens danger; all who long for his recovery are sick in mind with him. He is restored, though as yet he walks not with his former strength; yet there is such joy, as was not, when before he walked sound and strong. Yea, the very pleasures of human life men acquire by difficulties, not those only which fall upon us unlooked for, and

Korean boldness: 대담함, 분방 자재, 거림, 투덜거리다, 투덜거리다-중얼 두드러짐, 대담. 거림, 속삭이다, 나뭇잎 따위의 congratulation: 축하, 경하, 축사. 살랑거리는 소리. conquering: 정복하는. penitent: 참회하는, 고해자, 뉘우치는, groat: 조금, 엣 영국의 4펜스 은화, 후회하는, 후회하는 사람, 참회하는 영국의 옛날 사펜스 은화, 그로트. 사람. hereunto: 지금까지, 여기까지. pulse: 맥박, 의향, 고동, 움직임, 느낌, hushed: 고요한, 조용해진. 진동하다, 두류, 순간 파동, 뜀, 펄스, murmur: 시내의 졸졸거리는 소리, 맥이 뛰다. 속삭임, 불평, 파도의 출렁거리는 rapture: 황홀, 광희, 환희, 소리, 졸졸 소래내다, 웅성대다, 중얼 황홀하게하다, 무아, 미칠듯한 기쁨,

황홀경, 황홀하게 하다. repentance: 후회, 회한, 회개, 참회. sheep: 양, 신자, 양가죽, 어리석은 사람, 교구민, 온순한사람, 겁쟁이. shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해, 난선하다. solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정의, 종교상의, 중대한.

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against our wills, but even by self-chosen, and pleasure-seeking trouble. Eating and drinking have no pleasure, unless there precede the pinching of hunger and thirst. Men, given to drink, eat certain salt meats, to procure a troublesome heat, which the drink allaying, causes pleasure. It is also ordered that the affianced bride should not at once be given, lest as a husband he should hold cheap whom, as betrothed, he sighed not after.% This law holds in foul and accursed joy; this in permitted and lawful joy; this in the very purest perfection of friendship; this, in him who was dead, and lived again; had been lost and was found. Every where the greater joy is ushered in by the greater pain. What means this, O Lord my God, whereas Thou art everlastingly joy to Thyself, and some things around Thee evermore rejoice in Thee? What means this, that this portion of things thus ebbs and flows alternately displeased and reconciled? Is this their allotted measure? Is this all Thou hast assigned to them, whereas from the highest heavens to the lowest earth, from the beginning of the world to the end of ages, from the angel to the worm, from the first motion to the last, Thou settest each in its place, and realisest each in their season, every thing good after its kind? Woe is me! how high art Thou in the highest, and how deep in the deepest! and Thou never departest, and we scarcely return to Thee. Up, Lord, and do; stir us up, and recall us; kindle and draw us; inflame, grow sweet unto us, let us now love, let us run. Do not many, out of a deeper hell of blindness than Victorinus, return to Thee, approach, and are enlightened, receiving that Light, which they who receive, receive power from Thee to become Thy sons? But if they be less known to the nations, even they that know them, joy less for them. For when many joy together, each also has more exuberant joy for that they are kindled and inflamed one by the other. Again, because those known to many, influence the more towards salvation, and lead the way with many to follow. And therefore do they also who preceded them much rejoice in them, because they rejoice not in them alone. For far be it, that in Thy tabernacle the persons of the rich should be accepted before the poor, or the noble before the ignoble; seeing rather Thou hast chosen the weak things of the

Korean accursed: 저주받은, 지겨운, 저주할. affianced: 약혼한. alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나 걸러. betrothed: 약혼한, 약혼자의, 정혼한 사이의, 정혼한, 약혼자, 약혼한 사이의. bride: 신부, 새색시. drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의. everlastingly: 끝없이, 영구히. exuberant: 무성한, 풍부한, 화려한,

원기왕성한, 원기가 좋은, 푸우한. ignoble: 불명예스러운, 야비한, 신분이 천한, 시시한, 멸시할 만한, 저열한, 비천한, 천한, 하등의. inflame: 염증을 일으키다, 충혈시키다, 노하게 하다, 흥분시키다, 불붙다, 불태우다, 염증이 생기다, 빨갛게 부어오르다, 불을 붙이다, 과도히 자극하다, 격노하다. ordered: 정연한, 질서 바른, 정돈된.

perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한 사람, 우수한 점. precede: 앞서다, 에 우선하다, 선행하다, 의 상위에 앉다, 보다중요하다, 의 앞에 나서다, 의 윗자리에 앉다. worm: 벌레, 교묘히 환심을 사다, 기듯 나아가다, 벌레처럼 기다, 캐내다, 서서히 나아가게 하다, 벌레 같은 모양, 기생충병, 벌레 같은 인간, 금이 가다, 교묘히 빌붙다.

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world to confound the strong; and the base things of this world, and the things despised hast Thou chosen, and those things which are not, that Thou mightest bring to nought things that are. And yet even that least of Thy apostles, by whose tongue Thou soundedst forth these words, when through his warfare, Paulus the Proconsul, his pride conquered, was made to pass under the easy yoke of Thy Christ, and became a provincial of the great King; he also for his former name Saul, was pleased to be called Paul, in testimony of so great a victory. For the enemy is more overcome in one, of whom he hath more hold; by whom he hath hold of more. But the proud he hath more hold of, through their nobility; and by them, of more through their authority. By how much the more welcome then the heart of Victorinus was esteemed, which the devil had held as an impregnable possession, the tongue of Victorinus, with which mighty and keen weapon he had slain many; so much the more abundantly ought Thy sons to rejoice, for that our King hath bound the strong man, and they saw his vessels taken from him and cleansed, and made meet for Thy honour; and become serviceable for the Lord, unto every good work.% But when that man of Thine, Simplicianus, related to me this of Victorinus, I was on fire to imitate him; for for this very end had he related it. But when he had subjoined also, how in the days of the Emperor Julian a law was made, whereby Christians were forbidden to teach the liberal sciences or oratory; and how he, obeying this law, chose rather to give over the wordy school than Thy Word, by which Thou makest eloquent the tongues of the dumb; he seemed to me not more resolute than blessed, in having thus found opportunity to wait on Thee only. Which thing I was sighing for, bound as I was, not with another’s irons, but by my own iron will. My will the enemy held, and thence had made a chain for me, and bound me. For of a forward will, was a lust made; and a lust served, became custom; and custom not resisted, became necessity. By which links, as it were, joined together (whence I called it a chain) a hard bondage held me enthralled. But that new will which had begun to be in me, freely to serve Thee, and to wish to enjoy Thee, O God, the only assured pleasantness, was not yet able to overcome my former wilfulness, strengthened by age. Thus did my

Korean confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기랄 망할 자식. freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심 후하게, 자유로이, 자유롭게, 허물없이. impregnable: 난공 불락의, 확고한, 도덕심이 견고한, 수정가능한, 굴치않는, 지지않는, 끄떡 않는, 난공

불락. irons: 족쇄. nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과 그집안. pleasantness: 유쾌함. provincial: 지방의, 촌스러운, 조야한, 주의, 지방민, 편협한-지방민, 편협한, 시골뜨기, 지방적인, 지방인, 지방 분구 관장. serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수

있는, 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는. testimony: 증명, 항의, 십계, 증언, 증거, 신의 가르침, 신앙 성명, 성서, 십계명, 고백, 증엄. warfare: 전쟁, 교전, 전쟁 행위, 투쟁, 교전 상태, 싸움, 전투. weapon: 무기, 병기, 흉기, 공격의 수단, 무장하다. wordy: 말의, 장황한, 말이 많은, 말 많은, 말로의.

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two wills, one new, and the other old, one carnal, the other spiritual, struggle within me; and by their discord, undid my soul.% Thus, I understood, by my own experience, what I had read, how the flesh lusteth against the spirit and the spirit against the flesh. Myself verily either way; yet more myself, in that which I approved in myself, than in that which in myself I disapproved. For in this last, it was now for the more part not myself, because in much I rather endured against my will, than acted willingly. And yet it was through me that custom had obtained this power of warring against me, because I had come willingly, whither I willed not. And who has any right to speak against it, if just punishment follow the sinner? Nor had I now any longer my former plea, that I therefore as yet hesitated to be above the world and serve Thee, for that the truth was not altogether ascertained to me; for now it too was. But I still under service to the earth, refused to fight under Thy banner, and feared as much to be freed of all incumbrances, as we should fear to be encumbered with it. Thus with the baggage of this present world was I held down pleasantly, as in sleep: and the thoughts wherein I meditated on Thee were like the efforts of such as would awake, who yet overcome with a heavy drowsiness, are again drenched therein. And as no one would sleep for ever, and in all men’s sober judgment waking is better, yet a man for the most part, feeling a heavy lethargy in all his limbs, defers to shake off sleep, and though half displeased, yet, even after it is time to rise, with pleasure yields to it, so was I assured that much better were it for me to give myself up to Thy charity, than to give myself over to mine own cupidity; but though the former course satisfied me and gained the mastery, the latter pleased me and held me mastered. Nor had I any thing to answer Thee calling to me, Awake, thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give thee light. And when Thou didst on all sides show me that what Thou saidst was true, I, convicted by the truth, had nothing at all to answer, but only those dull and drowsy words, “Anon, anon,” “presently,” “leave me but a little.” But “presently, presently,” had no present, and my “little while” went on for a long while; in vain I delighted in Thy law according to the inner man, when another law in my members rebelled against the law of my mind, and led me captive under the law of sin which was in my

Korean awake: 깨우다, 일으키다, 깨다, 깨닫다, 방심 않는, 잘 알아채서, 깨어서, 자각시키다-눈뜨다, 자각시키다, 눈뜨다, 분기하다깨어서. baggage: 말괄량이, 군용 행낭, 수화물, 닮고 닮은 여자, 바람난 여자, 휴대품, 닳고 닳은 여자, 수하물, 짐. banner: 기, 기치, 주장, 주요한, 군기, 현수막, 전단표제-일류의, 전단표제, 제 1위의, 제목을 크게 붙이다,

신문의 톱 전단에 걸친 제목. drowsiness: 졸음, 깨나른함, 나른함, 기면상태. drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는 듯한, 나른한, 졸리는. dull: 둔한, 무딘, 둔감한, 흐리게하다, 누그러뜨리다, 지루한, 둔해지다, 또렷하지 않은, 또렷하지않은, 지루한-무디게하다, 무디게하다. lethargy: 혼수, 활발치 못한, 무기력, 혼수 상태, 혼수 병.

plea: 변명, 항변, 탄원, 구실, 변호. pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁게, 쾌활하게. satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한. shake: 악수하다, 휘두르다, 떨어버리다, 흔들다, 흔들어 깨우다, 흩뿌리다, 흔들어 떨어뜨리다, 진동하다, 전음을 쓰다, 흔들리게 하다, 떨다. warring: 서로 싸우는, 양립하지 않는, 적대하는, 투쟁하는, 전쟁 수행.

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members. % For the law of sin is the violence of custom, whereby the mind is drawn and holden, even against its will; but deservedly, for that it willingly fell into it. Who then should deliver me thus wretched from the body of this death, but Thy grace only, through Jesus Christ our Lord? And how Thou didst deliver me out of the bonds of desire, wherewith I was bound most straitly to carnal concupiscence, and out of the drudgery of worldly things, I will now declare, and confess unto Thy name, O Lord, my helper and my redeemer. Amid increasing anxiety, I was doing my wonted business, and daily sighing unto Thee. I attended Thy Church, whenever free from the business under the burden of which I groaned. Alypius was with me, now after the third sitting released from his law business, and awaiting to whom to sell his counsel, as I sold the skill of speaking, if indeed teaching can impart it. Nebridius had now, in consideration of our friendship, consented to teach under Verecundus, a citizen and a grammarian of Milan, and a very intimate friend of us all; who urgently desired, and by the right of friendship challenged from our company, such faithful aid as he greatly needed. Nebridius then was not drawn to this by any desire of advantage (for he might have made much more of his learning had he so willed), but as a most kind and gentle friend, he would not be wanting to a good office, and slight our request. But he acted herein very discreetly, shunning to become known to personages great according to this world, avoiding the distraction of mind thence ensuing, and desiring to have it free and at leisure, as many hours as might be, to seek, or read, or hear something concerning wisdom. Upon a day then, Nebridius being absent (I recollect not why), to, there came to see me and Alypius, one Pontitianus, our countryman so far as being an African, in high office in the Emperor’s court. What he would with us, I know not, but we sat down to converse, and it happened that upon a table for some game, before us, he observed a book, took, opened it, and contrary to his expectation, found it the Apostle Paul; for he thought it some of those books which I was wearing myself in teaching. Whereat smiling, and looking at me, he expressed his joy and wonder that he had on a sudden found this book, and this

Korean countryman: 동향인, 촌사람, 지방의 주민, 같은 나라 사람, 시골사람, 동포. deservedly: 당연히. discreetly: 분별있게, 사려깊은, 신중하게. distraction: 기분 전환, 주의 산만, 정신의 홀어짐, 오락, 광기, 불화, 정신이 흩어짐, 마음이 혼란. drudgery: 단조롭고 고된 일, 천역. ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는,

결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은. grammarian: 문법가, 문법 교사. helper: 조수, 지지자, 조력자, 거드는 사람, 위안자, 원조자, 돕는사람, 구조자, 협력자, 돕는 사람. impart: 전하다, 곁들이다, 나눠 주다덧붙이다, 말해버리다, 알리다, 주다, 첨가하다, 나누어주다. intimate: 친밀한, 상세한, 암시하다, 사사로운, 깊은, 친구, 친한친구, 알리다, 일신상의, 정교를 맺고 있는

사통하고 있는, 친숙한. recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다, 가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다, 기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다, 냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다, 상기다. redeemer: 되사는 사람, 도로 찾는 사람, 속바치는사람. straitly: 엄격하게, 좁게, 답답하게. sudden: 돌연한, 갑작스런, 돌연. urgently: 다급하여, 억지로, 긴급하게.

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only before my eyes. For he was a Christian, and baptised, and often bowed himself before Thee our God in the Church, in frequent and continued prayers. When then I had told him that I bestowed very great pains upon those Scriptures, a conversation arose (suggested by his account) on Antony the Egyptian monk: whose name was in high reputation among Thy servants, though to that hour unknown to us. Which when he discovered, he dwelt the more upon that subject, informing and wondering at our ignorance of one so eminent. But we stood amazed, hearing Thy wonderful works most fully attested, in times so recent, and almost in our own, wrought in the true Faith and Church Catholic. We all wondered; we, that they were so great, and he, that they had not reached us.% Thence his discourse turned to the flocks in the monasteries, and their holy ways, a sweet-smelling savour unto Thee, and the fruitful deserts of the wilderness, whereof we knew nothing. And there was a monastery at Milan, full of good brethren, without the city walls, under the fostering care of Ambrose, and we knew it not. He went on with his discourse, and we listened in intent silence. He told us then how one afternoon at Triers, when the Emperor was taken up with the Circensian games, he and three others, his companions, went out to walk in gardens near the city walls, and there as they happened to walk in pairs, one went apart with him, and the other two wandered by themselves; and these, in their wanderings, lighted upon a certain cottage, inhabited by certain of Thy servants, poor in spirit, of whom is the kingdom of heaven, and there they found a little book containing the life of Antony. This one of them began to read, admire, and kindle at it; and as he read, to meditate on taking up such a life, and giving over his secular service to serve Thee. And these two were of those whom they style agents for the public affairs. Then suddenly, filled with a holy love, and a sober shame, in anger with himself cast his eyes upon his friend, saying, “Tell me, I pray thee, what would we attain by all these labours of ours? what aim we at? what serve we for? Can our hopes in court rise higher than to be the Emperor’s favourites? and in this, what is there not brittle, and full of perils? and by how many perils arrive we at a greater peril? and when arrive we thither? But a friend of God, if I wish it, I become now

Korean admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다, 기뻐하다, 좋아하다, 찬미하다, 황홀하게 바라보다, 탄복하며 바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다. agents: 자치령 대표, 자치령주 대표. attested: 공정 기준 합격의, 무병보증된, 증명된. brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들. brittle: 부서지기쉬운, 부서지기 쉬운, 다루기 힘든, 믿을 수없는, 깨지기

쉬운. -의 맛이나다, 흥미, 맛을 내다, informing: 유익한, 교육적인. 맛보다, 맛이 있다, 아취, 풍미. inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는. shame: 치욕, 불명예, 수치, 창피한 일, monastery: 수도원, 주로 남자의 부끄럼, 부끄러워 하게 하다, 수도원. 모욕하다, 부끄럽게 하다, 부끄러움, monk: 수도사, 수사. 심한 짓, 잡된 행실. pray: 빌다, 제발, 기원하다, 간원하다, wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음, 기원하여 이루어지게 하다, 기도하다, 사람이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질 기도하다-바라다, 바라다, 에게 않고 내버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량, 기원하다, 에게 간청하다. 광막한 곳, 막대한 수, 미국 savour: 맛, 기미, 의 기미가있다, 다소 비르드지니아 주 북동부의 산림 지대.

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at%once.” So spake he. And in pain with the travail of a new life, he turned his eyes again upon the book, and read on, and was changed inwardly, where Thou sawest, and his mind was stripped of the world, as soon appeared. For as he read, and rolled up and down the waves of his heart, he stormed at himself a while, then discerned, and determined on a better course; and now being Thine, said to his friend, “Now have I broken loose from those our hopes, and am resolved to serve God; and this, from this hour, in this place, I begin upon. If thou likest not to imitate me, oppose not.” The other answered, he would cleave to him, to partake so glorious a reward, so glorious a service. Thus both being now Thine, were building the tower at the necessary cost, the forsaking all that they had, and following Thee. Then Pontitianus and the other with him, that had walked in other parts of the garden, came in search of them to the same place; and finding them, reminded them to return, for the day was now far spent. But they relating their resolution and purpose, and how that will was begun and settled in them, begged them, if they would not join, not to molest them. But the others, though nothing altered from their former selves, did yet bewail themselves (as he affirmed), and piously congratulated them, recommending themselves to their prayers; and so, with hearts lingering on the earth, went away to the palace. But the other two, fixing their heart on heaven, remained in the cottage. And both had affianced brides, who when they heard hereof, also dedicated their virginity unto God. Such was the story of Pontitianus; but Thou, O Lord, while he was speaking, didst turn me round towards myself, taking me from behind my back where I had placed me, unwilling to observe myself; and setting me before my face, that I might see how foul I was, how crooked and defiled, bespotted and ulcerous. And I beheld and stood aghast; and whither to flee from myself I found not. And if I sought to turn mine eye from off myself, he went on with his relation, and Thou again didst set me over against myself, and thrustedst me before my eyes, that I might find out mine iniquity, and hate it. I had known it, but made as though I saw it not, winked at it, and forgot it.

Korean aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여, 두려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라. dedicated: 일신을 바친, 오로지 특정한 목적을 위한, 전용의. fixing: 고정, 설비, 정착, 비품, 설치, 조정. glorious: 영광스러운, 유쾌한, 빛나는, 장려한, 현란한, 기분좋은, 영예스러운, 거룩한. hereof: 이것의, 이에 관해서. lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 못내

아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 끄는, 주저하는. molest: 괴롭히다, 방해하다, 지분거리다, 희롱하다, 성적으로 희롱하다. myself: 나 자신, 내자신, 자기. partake: 한 몫 끼다, 기미가 있다, 같이 하다, 얼마큼 먹다, 참여하다, 에 참여하다, 다소 성질이 있다, 함께 하다. reward: 보답하다, 보수, 보수를 주다,

벌, 현상금, 사례금, 보상하다, 보상, 이익, 보복하다, 응보. rolled: 압연한. travail: 산고, 노고, 진통, 고생, 진통으로 괴로와하다, 고생하다, 수고하다, 진통하다. ulcerous: 궤양성의, 궤양에 걸린, 부패한, 썩은, 궤양상태의. virginity: 처녀임, 순결, 처녀성, 처녀동정임. waves: 미해군 여자 예비부대.

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But now, the more ardently I loved those whose healthful affections I heard of, that they had resigned themselves wholly to Thee to be cured, the more did I abhor myself, when compared with them. For many of my years (some twelve) had now run out with me since my nineteenth, when, upon the reading of Cicero’s Hortensius, I was stirred to an earnest love of wisdom; and still I was deferring to reject mere earthly felicity, and give myself to search out that, whereof not the finding only, but the very search, was to be preferred to the treasures and kingdoms of the world, though already found, and to the pleasures of the body, though spread around me at my will. But I wretched, most wretched, in the very commencement of my early youth, had begged chastity of Thee, and said, “Give me chastity and continency, only not yet.” For I feared lest Thou shouldest hear me soon, and soon cure me of the disease of concupiscence, which I wished to have satisfied, rather than extinguished. And I had wandered through crooked ways in a sacrilegious superstition, not indeed assured thereof, but as preferring it to the others which I did not seek religiously, but opposed maliciously.% And I had thought that I therefore deferred from day to day to reject the hopes of this world, and follow Thee only, because there did not appear aught certain, whither to direct my course. And now was the day come wherein I was to be laid bare to myself, and my conscience was to upbraid me. “Where art thou now, my tongue? Thou saidst that for an uncertain truth thou likedst not to cast off the baggage of vanity; now, it is certain, and yet that burden still oppresseth thee, while they who neither have so worn themselves out with seeking it, nor for often years and more have been thinking thereon, have had their shoulders lightened, and received wings to fly away.” Thus was I gnawed within, and exceedingly confounded with a horrible shame, while Pontitianus was so speaking. And he having brought to a close his tale and the business he came for, went his way; and I into myself. What said I not against myself? with what scourges of condemnation lashed I not my soul, that it might follow me, striving to go after Thee! Yet it drew back; refused, but excused not itself. All arguments were spent and confuted; there remained a mute shrinking; and she

Korean ardently: 열렬히, 열심히, 불타게. 약음기를 달다, 회장꾼, 말 않는 배우, uncertain: 불확실한, 일정치 않은, commencement: 개시, 대학 졸업식, 벙어리 하인, 벙어리, 벌어리, 흔들거리는, 믿을 수 없는, 분명치 학사 학위수여식, 학위수여식, 묵자의-벌어리, 묵자의. 않은, 의심스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 졸업식, 대학 일. resigned: 체념한, 사직한, 사직하여 확신이 없는, 확정되지 않은. condemnation: 비난, 비난의 근거, 빈, 을 감수하는, 인종하는, 단념한, upbraid: 꾸짖다, 비난하다, 책하다, 선고의 근거, 불량품 판정, 복종적인. 비판하다, 신랄하게 비난하다, 불량품선고, 죄의선고, 몰수선고, shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는, 신랄하게 비판하다, 신랄하게 죄의 선고, 유죄의 결정, 유죄판결, 움츠리는 것. 힐책하다, 에게 구역질나게 하다, 을 불량품 선고. tale: 이야기, 총수, 거짓말, 험담, 전체, 비난하는 결과를 가져오다. lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이 ...한. 수, 소문, 비밀을 퍼뜨리다, 고자질, worn: 녹초가 된, 낡아 빠진, mute: 폐쇄음의, 무언의, 벙어리의, 계산, 객담. 닳아빠진.

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feared, as she would death, to be restrained from the flux of that custom, whereby she was wasting to death. Then %in this great contention of my inward dwelling, which I had strongly raised against my soul, in the chamber of my heart, troubled in mind and countenance, I turned upon Alypius. “What ails us?” I exclaim: “what is it? what heardest thou? The unlearned start up and take heaven by force, and we with our learning, and without heart, to, where we wallow in flesh and blood! Are we ashamed to follow, because others are gone before, and not ashamed not even to follow?” Some such words I uttered, and my fever of mind tore me away from him, while he, gazing on me in astonishment, kept silence. For it was not my wonted tone; and my forehead, cheeks, eyes, colour, tone of voice, spake my mind more than the words I uttered. A little garden there was to our lodging, which we had the use of, as of the whole house; for the master of the house, our host, was not living there. Thither had the tumult of my breast hurried me, where no man might hinder the hot contention wherein I had engaged with myself, until it should end as Thou knewest, I knew not. Only I was healthfully distracted and dying, to live; knowing what evil thing I was, and not knowing what good thing I was shortly to become. I retired then into the garden, and Alypius, on my steps. For his presence did not lessen my privacy; or how could he forsake me so disturbed? We sate down as far removed as might be from the house. I was troubled in spirit, most vehemently indignant that I entered not into Thy will and covenant, O my God, which all my bones cried out unto me to enter, and praised it to the skies. And therein we enter not by ships, or chariots, or feet, no, move not so far as I had come from the house to that place where we were sitting. For, not to go only, but to go in thither was nothing else but to will to go, but to will resolutely and thoroughly; not to turn and toss, this way and that, a maimed and half-divided will, struggling, with one part sinking as another rose. Lastly, in the very fever of my irresoluteness, I made with my body many such motions as men sometimes would, but cannot, if either they have not the limbs, or these be bound with bands, weakened with infirmity, or any other way

Korean astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람. exclaim: 외치다, 큰 소리로 말하다, 비난하다. flux: 흐름, 밀물, 연속적인 변화, 용제, 유동, 설사시키다, 녹다, 변전하다, 융제로 처리하다, 이상유출, 흐르다. hinder: 방해하다, 뒤의, 뒤쪽의, 방해가 되다, 방해가되다, 후방의. learning: 학문, 박식, 배우기. lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다,

작게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 낙마, 높이 쳐 올리다, 손쉽게 해 적게 하다. 치우다, 던져올리다, 던지기. lodging: 하숙, 셋방, 숙소, 숙박, unlearned: 에 숙달하지 못한, 무식한, 하숙집, 학장 관사, 주소. 배우지 않은. resolutely: 단호하게, 단호히, 결연히. wallow: 빠지다, 뒹굴다, restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는, 허위적거리다, 탐닉하다, 뒹굶, 돈이 차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는. 주체 못할 만큼 많다, 수렁, 뒹굴기, sate: 물리게하다, 물리게 하다. 삐거덕거리며 나아가다, 흔들리면서 toss: 단숨에 들이켜다, 던지다, 흥분, 나아가다. 돈던지기를 하여 결정짓다, 아래위로 wasting: 소모성의, 황폐하게 하는, 몹시 흔들다번롱하다, 상하의 동요, 낭비.

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hindered. Thus, if I tore my hair, beat my forehead, if locking my fingers I clasped my knee; I willed, I did it. But I might have willed, and not done it; if the power of motion in my limbs had not obeyed. So many things then I did, when “to will” was not in itself “to be able”; and I did not what both I longed incomparably more to do, and which soon after, when I should will, I should be able to do; because soon after, when I should will, I should will thoroughly. For in these things the ability was one with the will, and to will was to do; and yet was it not done: and more easily did my body obey the weakest willing of my soul, in moving its limbs at its nod, than the soul obeyed itself to accomplish in the will alone this its momentous will.% Whence is this monstrousness? and to what end? Let Thy mercy gleam that I may ask, if so be the secret penalties of men, and those darkest pangs of the sons of Adam, may perhaps answer me. Whence is this monstrousness? and to what end? The mind commands the body, and it obeys instantly; the mind commands itself, and is resisted. The mind commands the hand to be moved; and such readiness is there, that command is scarce distinct from obedience. Yet the mind is mind, the hand is body. The mind commands the mind, its own self, to will, and yet it doth not. Whence this monstrousness? and to what end? It commands itself, I say, to will, and would not command, unless it willed, and what it commands is not done. But it willeth not entirely: therefore doth it not command entirely. For so far forth it commandeth, as it willeth: and, so far forth is the thing commanded, not done, as it willeth not. For the will commandeth that there be a will; not another, but itself. But it doth not command entirely, therefore what it commandeth, is not. For were the will entire, it would not even command it to be, because it would already be. It is therefore no monstrousness partly to will, partly to nill, but a disease of the mind, that it doth not wholly rise, by truth upborne, borne down by custom. And therefore are there two wills, for that one of them is not entire: and what the one lacketh, the other hath. Let them perish from Thy presence, O God, as perish vain talkers and seducers of the soul: who observing that in deliberating there were two wills, affirm that there are two minds in us of two kinds, one good, the other evil.

Korean ability: 능력, 재능, 수완, 유자격. accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다, 가르치다, 달성하다, 성취하다, 완성한, 소양이있는, 소양이 있는, 이루다, 에게 가르치다. distinct: 별개의, 다른, 명백한, 명확한, 장식된, 뚜렷한. forehead: 이마, 전부, 앞부분, 부분, 앞 부분. gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한 징조, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한

빛, 번득임, 빛, 번쩍이다. instantly: 즉석에서, 즉시, 즉시로, 당장에, 곧, 하자마자. momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히 중대한, 지극히 중요한. nod: 끄덕이다, 졸다, 방심하다, 나부끼다, 깜빡 실수하다, 흔들림, 으로 쏠림, 기울다, 졸기, 잠들다, 인사하다. observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인, 주의깆은.

readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 재빠름. secret: 비밀의, 비밀을 지키는, 비결, 음부, 숨은, 신비스러운, 비법, 신비, 외딴, 불가사의, 비밀. self: 자기, 본인, 사욕, 이기심, 단일의, 진수, 귀사, 자아, 귀점, 자신, 나. thoroughly: 철저히, 순전히, ㅁㅇ완전히, 충분히, 완전히. upborne: 들어 올려진, 받쳐진.

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Themselves are truly evil, when they hold these evil things; and themselves shall become good when they hold the truth and assent unto the truth, that Thy Apostle may say to them, Ye were sometimes darkness, but now light in the Lord. But they, wishing to be light, not in the Lord, but in themselves, imagining the nature of the soul to be that which God is, are made more gross darkness through a dreadful arrogancy; for that they went back farther from Thee, the true Light that enlightened every man that cometh into the world. Take heed what you say, and blush for shame: draw near unto Him and be enlightened, and your faces shall not be ashamed. Myself when I was deliberating upon serving the Lord my God now, as I had long purposed, it was I who willed, I who nilled, I, I myself. I neither willed entirely, nor nilled entirely. Therefore was I at strife with myself, and rent asunder by myself. And this rent befell me against my will, and yet indicated, not the presence of another mind, but the punishment of my own. Therefore it was no more I that wrought it, but sin that dwelt in me; the punishment of a sin more freely committed, in that I was a son of Adam.% For if there he so many contrary natures as there be conflicting wills, there shall now be not two only, but many. If a man deliberate whether he should go to their conventicle or to the theatre, these Manichees cry out, Behold, here are two natures: one good, draws this way; another bad, draws back that way. For whence else is this hesitation between conflicting wills? But I say that both be bad: that which draws to them, as that which draws back to the theatre. But they believe not that will to be other than good, which draws to them. What then if one of us should deliberate, and amid the strife of his two wills be in a strait, whether he should go to the theatre or to our church? would not these Manichees also be in a strait what to answer? For either they must confess (which they fain would not) that the will which leads to our church is good, as well as theirs, who have received and are held by the mysteries of theirs: or they must suppose two evil natures, and two evil souls conflicting in one man, and it will not be true, which they say, that there is one good and another bad; or they must be converted to the truth, and no more deny that where one deliberates, one soul fluctuates between contrary wills.

Korean blush: 붉히다, 부끄러워하다, 얼굴을 붉히다, 얼굴을 붉힘, 얼굴을붉히다, 빨개지다, 얼굴이 빨개지다, 발그레해지다, 발그레함, 언뜻 봄. conflicting: 모순되는, 서로 싸우는, 충돌하는, 일치하지 않는, 서로 다투는, 상충되는, 상반하는. conventicle: 비밀집회소, 비국교도의 비밀 집회, 집회소, 비밀집회. cry: 부르짖다, 울다, 외침, 고함, 애원하다, 엉엉 울다, 큰소리로

부르다, 큰소리로 알리다, 외치다, 울며...하다, 함성. deliberate: 숙고하다, 신중한, 유유한, 협의하다, 고의의, 심의하다, 찬찬한. deny: 부정하다, 면회를 거절하다, 거절하다, 부인하다. dreadful: 무서운, 몹시 불쾌한, 따분한, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한. farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, 더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의.

gross: 거친, 짙은, 뚱뚱한, 전체의, 울창한, 굉장한, 총량의, 투박한, 조악한, 그로스, 도매로. indicated: 가리키는. leads: 지붕을 잇는데 쓰는 함석. rent: 지대, 임대되다, 분열, 집세, 불화, 임차료, 협곡, 균열, 방세, 에 지대를 물다, 임대. strait: 궁핍, 해협, 좁은, 곤란, 좁은문, 엄중한. strife: 싸움, 투쟁, 다툼.

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Let%them no more say then, when they perceive two conflicting wills in one man, that the conflict is between two contrary souls, of two contrary substances, from two contrary principles, one good, and the other bad. For Thou, O true God, dost disprove, check, and convict them; as when, both wills being bad, one deliberates whether he should kill a man by poison or by the sword; whether he should seize this or that estate of another’s, when he cannot both; whether he should purchase pleasure by luxury, or keep his money by covetousness; whether he go to the circus or the theatre, if both be open on one day; or thirdly, to rob another’s house, if he have the opportunity; or, fourthly, to commit adultery, if at the same time he have the means thereof also; all these meeting together in the same juncture of time, and all being equally desired, which cannot at one time be acted: for they rend the mind amid four, or even (amid the vast variety of things desired) more, conflicting wills, nor do they yet allege that there are so many divers substances. So also in wills which are good. For I ask them, is it good to take pleasure in reading the Apostle? or good to take pleasure in a sober Psalm? or good to discourse on the Gospel? They will answer to each, “it is good.” What then if all give equal pleasure, and all at once? Do not divers wills distract the mind, while he deliberates which he should rather choose? yet are they all good, and are at variance till one be chosen, whither the one entire will may be borne, which before was divided into many. Thus also, when, above, eternity delights us, and the pleasure of temporal good holds us down below, it is the same soul which willeth not this or that with an entire will; and therefore is rent asunder with grievous perplexities, while out of truth it sets this first, but out of habit sets not that aside. Thus soul-sick was I, and tormented, accusing myself much more severely than my wont, rolling and turning me in my chain, till that were wholly broken, whereby I now was but just, but still was, held. And Thou, O Lord, pressedst upon me in my inward parts by a severe mercy, redoubling the lashes of fear and shame, lest I should again give way, and not bursting that same slight remaining tie, it should recover strength, and bind me the faster. For I said with myself, “Be it done now, be it done now.” And as I spake, I all but enacted it: I all but did it, and did it not: yet sunk not back to my former state, but kept my stand hard

Korean adultery: 간음, 간통, 혼외정사. allege: 단언하다, 증거 없이 주장하다, 인용 증언하다, 증언하다, 내세우다. bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본, 구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게 하다, 속박하다, 장정하다. circus: 서커스, 곡예, 곡마단, 원형의 네거리, 쾌활하고 떠들썩한 것, 원형 흥행장, 원형 광장, 고대 로마의 원형 경기장, 재미있는 사람, 크고 화려한

안경, 법석댐. disprove: 논박하다, 반박하다, 반증하다, 의 반증을 들다. distract: 딴 데로 돌리다, 착란시키다, 어지럽히다, 괴롭히다, 빗가게 하다. fourthly: 네째로, 넷째로. juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, 접합, 접속, 연접, 전기. luxury: 사치, 사치품, 쾌락, 호화, 비싼 물건, 유쾌함. poison: 독, 해독, 헤치다, 독살하다,

해로운, 폐해-독을 넣다, 폐해, 독약, 못쓰게 하다-해로운, 못쓰게 하다, 독을 넣다. rob: 강탈하다, 강도질을 하다, 훔치다, 남자 이름, 약탈을 하다, 잃게하다, 의 속을 뒤져 훔치다, 강도질하다, 약탈하다, 빼앗다, 에서 빼앗다. rolling: 구르는, 굴리기, 회전. sword: 검, 무력, 전쟁, 칼, 총검. thirdly: 세 번째로, 세번째로, 세째로, 제3으로, 제삼으로.

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by, and took breath. And I essayed again, and wanted somewhat less of it, and somewhat less, and all but touched, and laid hold of it; and yet came not at it, nor touched nor laid hold of it; hesitating to die to death and to live to life: and the worse whereto I was inured, prevailed more with me than the better whereto I was unused: and the very moment wherein I was to become other than I was, the nearer it approached me, the greater horror did it strike into me; yet did it not strike me back, nor turned me away, but held me in suspense.% The very toys of toys, and vanities of vanities, my ancient mistresses, still held me; they plucked my fleshy garment, and whispered softly, “Dost thou cast us off? and from that moment shall we no more be with thee for ever? and from that moment shall not this or that be lawful for thee for ever?” And what was it which they suggested in that I said, “this or that,” what did they suggest, O my God? Let Thy mercy turn it away from the soul of Thy servant. What defilements did they suggest! what shame! And now I much less than half heard them, and not openly showing themselves and contradicting me, but muttering as it were behind my back, and privily plucking me, as I was departing, but to look back on them. Yet they did retard me, so that I hesitated to burst and shake myself free from them, and to spring over whither I was called; a violent habit saying to me, “Thinkest thou, thou canst live without them?” But now it spake very faintly. For on that side whither I had set my face, and whither I trembled to go, there appeared unto me the chaste dignity of Continency, serene, yet not relaxedly, gay, honestly alluring me to come and doubt not; and stretching forth to receive and embrace me, her holy hands full of multitudes of good examples: there were so many young men and maidens here, a multitude of youth and every age, grave widows and aged virgins; and Continence herself in all, not barren, but a fruitful mother of children of joys, by Thee her Husband, O Lord. And she smiled on me with a persuasive mockery, as would she say, “Canst not thou what these youths, what these maidens can? or can they either in themselves, and not rather in the Lord their God? The Lord their God gave me unto them. Why standest thou in thyself, and so standest not? cast thyself upon Him, fear not He will not withdraw Himself that thou

Korean alluring: 유혹하는, 마음을 끄는, 마음을 홀리는, 유인하는, 황홀한, 매혹적인. embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, 매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, 서로 껴안다, 채용하다-서로 껴안다포옹, 성교, 채택하다. faintly: 희미하게, 힘없이, 가냘프게, 소심하게, 어렴풋이, 연약하게, 머무적거리며. fleshy: 살의, 다육질의, 육질의, 살찐,

육욕의, 살집이 좋은, 뚱뚱한, 육체의. garment: 의복, 옷, 외피, 의복 한 점. grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다, 새기다, 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈, 심각한, 중요한, 예사롭지 않은, 침침한. habit: 습관, 버릇, 습성, 에 살다, 복장, 기질, 체질, 여성승마복, 입히다, 여성 승마복, 의복. hesitating: 주저하는, 망설이는. honestly: 정직하게, 성실하게.

muttering: 준얼거리기. relaxedly: 누그러져서, 느긋하게, 편하게. retard: 방해, 지연, 지체, 방해하다, 늦어지다, 정신박약자, 지체시키다, 지진아, 지연되다, 저지하다, 저지. serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온, 고귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한. unused: 익숙하지 않은, 쓰지 않는, 사용한 적이 없는, 사용하지 않은.

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shouldest fall; cast thyself fearlessly upon Him, He will receive, and will heal thee.” And I blushed exceedingly, for that I yet heard the muttering of those toys, and hung in suspense. And she again seemed to say, “Stop thine ears against those thy unclean members on the earth, that they may be mortified. They tell thee of delights, but not as doth the law of the Lord thy God.” This controversy in my heart was self against self only. But Alypius sitting close by my side, in silence waited the issue of my unwonted emotion.% But when a deep consideration had from the secret bottom of my soul drawn together and heaped up all my misery in the sight of my heart; there arose a mighty storm, bringing a mighty shower of tears. Which that I might pour forth wholly, in its natural expressions, I rose from Alypius: solitude was suggested to me as fitter for the business of weeping; so I retired so far that even his presence could not be a burden to me. Thus was it then with me, and he perceived something of it; for something I suppose I had spoken, wherein the tones of my voice appeared choked with weeping, and so had risen up. He then remained where we were sitting, most extremely astonished. I cast myself down I know not how, under a certain fig-tree, giving full vent to my tears; and the floods of mine eyes gushed out an acceptable sacrifice to Thee. And, not indeed in these words, yet to this purpose, spake I much unto Thee: and Thou, O Lord, how long? how long, Lord, wilt Thou be angry for ever? Remember not our former iniquities, for I felt that I was held by them. I sent up these sorrowful words: How long, how long, “to-morrow, and tomorrow?” Why not now? why not is there this hour an end to my uncleanness? So was I speaking and weeping in the most bitter contrition of my heart, when, lo! I heard from a neighbouring house a voice, as of boy or girl, I know not, chanting, and oft repeating, “Take up and read; Take up and read. “ Instantly, my countenance altered, I began to think most intently whether children were wont in any kind of play to sing such words: nor could I remember ever to have heard the like. So checking the torrent of my tears, I arose; interpreting it to be no other than a command from God to open the book, and read the first chapter I should find. For I had heard of Antony, that coming

Korean contrition: 뉘우침, 회오, 회한. controversy: 논쟁, 논의, 논전. fearlessly: 겁 없이, 대담 무쌍하게, 대담하게, 무서워하지 않고, 용감하게. fitter: 조립공, 정비공, 장신구상인, 입혀서 맞추는 사람, 맞추는사람, 맞추는 사람, 장신구 장수, 옷 입혀 보는 사람, 여행용품 장수, 설비하는 사람. intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는,

여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의, 집중되어 있는. neighbouring: 이웃의, 인접해있는, 가까운, 근처의. pour: 호우, 쏟다, 많이 베풀다, 유출, 퍼붓다, 붓다, 도도히 말하다-흘러 나오다, 도도히 말하다, 억수같이 퍼붓다, 억수같이 퍼붓다-유출, 흘러 나오다. repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는, 순환하는, 되풀이하는.

solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야. spoken: 구두, 입으로 말하는, 구두의, 담화에 사용되는, 말에 사용되는. torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류. vent: 환기용 작은 창, 항문, 터진 구멍, 터뜨리다, 에 구멍을 내다, 손구멍, 빠지는 구멍, 배출구를 찾아내다, 배출구, 바람 구멍, 나갈 구멍을 터주다.

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in during the reading of the Gospel, he received the admonition, as if what was being read was spoken to him: Go, sell all that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven, and come and follow me: and by such oracle he was forthwith converted unto Thee. Eagerly then I returned to the place where Alypius was sitting; for there had I laid the volume of the Apostle when I arose thence. I seized, opened, and in silence read that section on which my eyes first fell: Not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying; but put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, in concupiscence. No further would I read; nor needed I: for instantly at the end of this sentence, by a light as it were of serenity infused into my heart, all the darkness of doubt vanished away.% Then putting my finger between, or some other mark, I shut the volume, and with a calmed countenance made it known to Alypius. And what was wrought in him, which I knew not, he thus showed me. He asked to see what I had read: I showed him; and he looked even further than I had read, and I knew not what followed. This followed, him that is weak in the faith, receive; which he applied to himself, and disclosed to me. And by this admonition was he strengthened; and by a good resolution and purpose, and most corresponding to his character, wherein he did always very far differ from me, for the better, without any turbulent delay he joined me. Thence we go in to my mother; we tell her; she rejoiceth: we relate in order how it took place; she leaps for joy, and triumpheth, and blesseth Thee, Who are able to do above that which we ask or think; for she perceived that Thou hadst given her more for me, than she was wont to beg by her pitiful and most sorrowful groanings. For thou convertedst me unto Thyself, so that I sought neither wife, nor any hope of this world, standing in that rule of faith, where Thou hadst showed me unto her in a vision, so many years before. And Thou didst convert her mourning into joy, much more plentiful than she had desired, and in a much more precious and purer way than she erst required, by having grandchildren of my body.

Korean admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고, 경고, 훈방, 설유. beg: 빌다, 구걸하다, 빌어먹다, 앞발을들고서다, 발을들고서다, 시주해 줄 것을 청하다, 애걸하다, 앞발을 들고 서서 재롱부리다, 부탁하다, 간청하다, 용서를 청하다. corresponding: 대응하는, 일치하는, 상응하는, 통신의, 유사한, 서신내왕하는, 통신 관계의. differ: 의견을 달리하다, 다르다,

논쟁하다. erst: 이전에, 옛날에. laid: 집에 틀어박힌, 몸져 누워 있는. pitiful: 불쌍한, 인정 많은, 비루한, 가련하게 여겨야 할, 인정이 많은, 불쌍히 여겨야 할, 동정심이 많은. plentiful: 많은. precious: 귀중한, 귀여운, 순전한, 지독한, 소중한, 비싼, 점잔빼는, 꾀까다로운, 대단한, 몹시, 소중한 사람.

relate: 말하다, 관계시키다, 관련시키다, 이야기하다, 관련이 있다, 친척으로 삼다, 와 친척 관계에 있다, 친척 관계에 있다. seized: 점유한. serenity: 화창함, 청명, 침착, 고요, 평온, 맑음, 전하. treasure: 보물, 보배, 비장하다, 명기하다, 재보, 재산을 던지다, 진중히 여기다, 귀여운 너, 금전, 명심하다.

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BOOK

%IX

O Lord, I am Thy servant; I am Thy servant, and the son of Thy handmaid: Thou hast broken my bonds in sunder. I will offer to Thee the sacrifice of Let my heart and my tongue praise Thee; yea, let all my bones say, O Lord, who is like unto Thee? Let them say, and answer Thou me, and say unto my soul, I am thy salvation. Who am I, and what am I? What evil have not been either my deeds, or if not my deeds, my words, or if not my words, my will? But Thou, O Lord, are good and merciful, and Thy right hand had respect unto the depth of my death, and from the bottom of my heart emptied that abyss of corruption. And this Thy whole gift was, to nill what I willed, and to will what Thou willedst. But where through all those years, and out of what low and deep recess was my free-will called forth in a moment, whereby to submit my neck to Thy easy yoke, and my shoulders unto Thy light burden, O Christ Jesus, my Helper and my Redeemer? How sweet did it at once become to me, to want the sweetnesses of those toys! and what I feared to be parted from, was now a joy to part with. For Thou didst cast them forth from me, Thou true and highest sweetness. Thou castest them forth, and for them enteredst in Thyself, sweeter than all pleasure, though not to flesh and blood; brighter than all light, but more hidden than all depths, higher than all honour, but not to the high in their own conceits. Now was my soul free from the biting cares of canvassing and getting, and weltering

Korean burden: 부담, 귀찮은, 요지, 귀찮은일, 무거운짐, 무거운짐을 지우다, 무거운 짐, 괴롭히다, 노래의 반복구, 배의 적재력, 반복구. canvassing: 권유, 외근. cast: 던지다, 캐스트, 주조되다, 던지기, 해고하다, 향하다, 버리다, 경향, 주조하다, 배정하다, 계산하다. depth: 깊이, 깊은 곳, 세로길이, 농로, 농도, 깊숙이 들어간 곳, 깊숙함, 짙음, 한창때, 깊은 맛.

gift: 선물, 재능, 천분, 부여하다, 선사하다, 선사하다부여하다, 증여, 천부의 재능, 천부. heart: 심장, 가슴, 애정, 중심, 용기, 본심, 마음속, 마음, 원기, 핵심, 중앙. hidden: 숨겨진, 숨은. highest: 제일 높은, 최고. honour: 명예, 도의심, 면목, 명성, 우등, 존경, 끗수가 가장 높은 패, 명예가 되는 것, 명예상, 에 영광을 주다, 인수하다.

joy: 즐거움, 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 기쁨거리, 행복, 기쁘게 해주다, 기쁨을 주는 것. recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와, 휴회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳, 벽장, 감추다. submit: 복종시키다, 제출하다, 복종하다, 공손히 아뢰다, 부탁하다. sweet: 단 것, 사탕, 캔디, 친절한, 신선한, 상냥한, 상냥하게, 향기로운, 맛있는, 귀여운, 순조롭게.

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in filth, and scratching off the itch of lust. And my infant tongue spake freely to Thee, my brightness, and my riches, and my health, the Lord my God.% And I resolved in Thy sight, not tumultuously to tear, but gently to withdraw, the service of my tongue from the marts of lip-labour: that the young, no students in Thy law, nor in Thy peace, but in lying dotages and lawskirmishes, should no longer buy at my mouth arms for their madness. And very seasonably, it now wanted but very few days unto the Vacation of the Vintage, and I resolved to endure them, then in a regular way to take my leave, and having been purchased by Thee, no more to return for sale. Our purpose then was known to Thee; but to men, other than our own friends, was it not known. For we had agreed among ourselves not to let it out abroad to any: although to us, now ascending from the valley of tears, and singing that song of degrees, Thou hadst given sharp arrows, and destroying coals against the subtle tongue, which as though advising for us, would thwart, and would out of love devour us, as it doth its meat. Thou hadst pierced our hearts with Thy charity, and we carried Thy words as it were fixed in our entrails: and the examples of Thy servants, whom for black Thou hadst made bright, and for dead, alive, being piled together in the receptacle of our thoughts, kindled and burned up that our heavy torpor, that we should not sink down to the abyss; and they fired us so vehemently, that all the blasts of subtle tongues from gainsayers might only inflame us the more fiercely, not extinguish us. Nevertheless, because for Thy Name’s sake which Thou hast hallowed throughout the earth, this our vow and purpose might also find some to commend it, it seemed like ostentation not to wait for the vacation now so near, but to quit beforehand a public profession, which was before the eyes of all; so that all looking on this act of mine, and observing how near was the time of vintage which I wished to anticipate, would talk much of me, as if I had desired to appear some great one. And what end had it served me, that people should repute and dispute upon my purpose, and that our good should be evil spoken of.

Korean devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다. entrails: 내장, 내부. extinguish: 잃게 하다, 끄다, 무색하게하다, 상각하다, 꺾다, 전멸시키다, 절멸시키다, 단절시키다, 소멸하다, 압도하다. hallowed: 신성한, 신성화한, 존경받는, 신성화된.

ostentation: 자랑해 보임, 과시, 허영, 겉치레하기. receptacle: 저장소, 용기, 소켓, 그릇, 콘센트, 꽃턱, 피난소, 두는 곳, 꽃받침. repute: 평판, 세평, 명성, 호평, 이라고 평하다, 신용, 생각하다, 로 보다, 라 평하다, 여기다, 고명. seasonably: 시기에 알맞게, 계절에 알맞게, 마침 좋은 때에, 호기로, 적절하게.

thwart: 반대하다, 카누의 창막이, 좌절시키다, 보트나 카누의 가로장, 가로질러, 가로지른, 방해하다, 훼방놓다, 가로놓인, 보트 젓는 사람의 좌석, 을 가로질러서. torpor: 활동정지, 마비, 지둔, 무기력. tumultuously: 시끄럽게, 동요되게. vow: 맹세, 단언하다, 서원, 맹세하다, 서약, 할 것을 맹세하다, 약속하다, 서약하다, 맹세의 내용, 기원, 맹세의 행위.

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Moreover, %it had at first troubled me that in this very summer my lungs began to give way, amid too great literary labour, and to breathe deeply with difficulty, and by the pain in my chest to show that they were injured, and to refuse any full or lengthened speaking; this had troubled me, for it almost constrained me of necessity to lay down that burden of teaching, or, if I could be cured and recover, at least to intermit it. But when the full wish for leisure, that I might see how that Thou art the Lord, arose, and was fixed, in me; my God, Thou knowest, I began even to rejoice that I had this secondary, and that no feigned, excuse, which might something moderate the offence taken by those who, for their sons’ sake, wished me never to have the freedom of Thy sons. Full then of such joy, I endured till that interval of time were run; it may have been some twenty days, yet they were endured manfully; endured, for the covetousness which aforetime bore a part of this heavy business, had left me, and I remained alone, and had been overwhelmed, had not patience taken its place. Perchance, some of Thy servants, my brethren, may say that I sinned in this, that with a heart fully set on Thy service, I suffered myself to sit even one hour in the chair of lies. Nor would I be contentious. But hast not Thou, O most merciful Lord, pardoned and remitted this sin also, with my other most horrible and deadly sins, in the holy water? Verecundus was worn down with care about this our blessedness, for that being held back by bonds, whereby he was most straitly bound, he saw that he should be severed from us. For himself was not yet a Christian, his wife one of the faithful; and yet hereby, more rigidly than by any other chain, was he let and hindered from the journey which we had now essayed. For he would not, he said, be a Christian on any other terms than on those he could not. However, he offered us courteously to remain at his country-house so long as we should stay there. Thou, O Lord, shalt reward him in the resurrection of the just, seeing Thou hast already given him the lot of the righteous. For although, in our absence, being now at Rome, he was seized with bodily sickness, and therein being made a Christian, and one of the faithful, he departed this life; yet hadst Thou mercy not on him only, but on us also: lest remembering the exceeding kindness of our friend towards us, yet unable to number him among Thy flock,

Korean aforetime: 이전에, 미리, 앞서. contentious: 다투기 좋아하는, 소송의, 논쟁하기 좋아하는, 이론이 분분한 말썽이있는, 걸핏하면 싸우려 드는, 계쟁의. courteously: 정중하게. deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 같은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 죽은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, 살려둘 수 없는.

hereby: 이로 말미암아, 이에 의하여, 이것에 의하여. intermit: 단절하다, 중절하다, 결체하다, 단속되다, 일시 멈추다, 일시 멎다, 잠시 그치다, 잠시 멈추다. interval: 간격, 휴게시간, 음정, 이따금, 때때로, 차거리, 여기저기, 틈막간, 휴지기, 휴지시간, 막간. manfully: 단호한, 씩씩한, 남자다운. moderate: 알맞은, 보통의, 온건한, 온화한, 중재인 노릇을 하다,

사회하다, 온건한 사람, 절제하는, 웬만한, 중간 정도의, 누그러지다. patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드 놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서 놀기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기. resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활, 시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행, 예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체 따위의 도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙. rigidly: 굳게, 엄밀히, 완고하게. unable: 할 수 없는, 무력한.

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we should be agonised with intolerable sorrow. Thanks unto Thee, our God, we are Thine: Thy suggestions and consolations tell us, Faithful in promises, Thou now requitest Verecundus for his country-house of Cassiacum, where from the fever of the world we reposed in Thee, with the eternal freshness of Thy Paradise: for that Thou hast forgiven him his sins upon earth, in that rich mountain, that mountain which yieldeth milk, Thine own mountain.% He then had at that time sorrow, but Nebridius joy. For although he also, not being yet a Christian, had fallen into the pit of that most pernicious error, believing the flesh of Thy Son to be a phantom: yet emerging thence, he believed as we did; not as yet endued with any Sacraments of Thy Church, but a most ardent searcher out of truth. Whom, not long after our conversion and regeneration by Thy Baptism, being also a faithful member of the Church Catholic, and serving Thee in perfect chastity and continence amongst his people in Africa, his whole house having through him first been made Christian, didst Thou release from the flesh; and now he lives in Abraham’s bosom. Whatever that be, which is signified by that bosom, there lives my Nebridius, my sweet friend, and Thy child, O Lord, adopted of a freed man: there he liveth. For what other place is there for such a soul? There he liveth, whereof he asked much of me, a poor inexperienced man. Now lays he not his ear to my mouth, but his spiritual mouth unto Thy fountain, and drinketh as much as he can receive, wisdom in proportion to his thirst, endlessly happy. Nor do I think that he is so inebriated therewith, as to forget me; seeing Thou, Lord, Whom he drinketh, art mindful of us. So were we then, comforting Verecundus, who sorrowed, as far as friendship permitted, that our conversion was of such sort; and exhorting him to become faithful, according to his measure, namely, of a married estate; and awaiting Nebridius to follow us, which, being so near, he was all but doing: and so, lo! those days rolled by at length; for long and many they seemed, for the love I bare to the easeful liberty, that I might sing to Thee, from my inmost marrow, My heart hath said unto Thee, I have sought Thy face: Thy face, Lord, will I seek. Now was the day come wherein I was in deed to be freed of my Rhetoric Professorship, whereof in thought I was already freed. And it was done. Thou

Korean bare: 닳아빠진, 노골적인, 결핍된, 써서 낡은, 알몸의, 부족한, 노출된, 이 없는, 장식없는, 벗기다, 드러낸. comforting: 기분을 돋우는, 격려하는, 위안이 되는, 기분을 돋구는. continence: 절제, 금욕, 정조, 극기, 배설억제능력, 자제. conversion: 전환, 개종, 전향, 횡령, 환산, 변환, 차환, 변설, 환위, 이자를 원금에 가산하기, 바꿔짐. easeful: 마음 편한, 안락한.

emerging: 최근 생겨난, 최근에 만들어진. endlessly: 영구히, 끝없이, 계속적으로, 가이없이, 그지없이. freshness: 선명, 새로움, 생생함, 신선미, 상쾌, 산뜻함. inexperienced: 경험이 없는 서투름, 미숙, 무경험, 경험이 없는. liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역, 방종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은 특권, 특권, 할 자유.

marrow: 골수, 순수한, 정수, 서양 호박, 원기, 자양이 풍부한 음식. mindful: 주의 깊은, 마음에 두는, 유의하는. regeneration: 재건, 부흥, 갱생, 재생, 신생, 쇄신, 부활, 개척, 개혁. sing: 노래하다, 지저귀다, 울다, 울리다, 윙윙거리다, 픽픽하다, 시를 짓다, 노래가 되다, 소리치다, 자백하다, 노래를 짓다.

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didst rescue my tongue, whence Thou hadst before rescued my heart. And I blessed Thee, rejoicing; retiring with all mine to the villa. What I there did in writing, which was now enlisted in Thy service, though still, in this breathingtime as it were, panting from the school of pride, my books may witness, as well what I debated with others, as what with myself alone, before Thee: what with Nebridius, who was absent, my Epistles bear witness. And when shall I have time to rehearse all Thy great benefits towards us at that time, especially when hasting on to yet greater mercies? For my remembrance recalls me, and pleasant is it to me, O Lord, to confess to Thee, by what inward goads Thou tamedst me; and how Thou hast evened me, lowering the mountains and hills of my high imaginations, straightening my crookedness, and smoothing my rough ways; and how Thou also subduedst the brother of my heart, Alypius, unto the name of Thy Only Begotten, our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, which he would not at first vouchsafe to have inserted in our writings. For rather would he have them savour of the lofty cedars of the Schools, which the Lord hath now broken down, than of the wholesome herbs of the Church, the antidote against serpents.% Oh, in what accents spake I unto Thee, my God, when I read the Psalms of David, those faithful songs, and sounds of devotion, which allow of no swelling spirit, as yet a Catechumen, and a novice in Thy real love, resting in that villa, with Alypius a Catechumen, my mother cleaving to us, in female garb with masculine faith, with the tranquillity of age, motherly love, Christian piety! Oh, what accents did I utter unto Thee in those Psalms, and how was I by them kindled towards Thee, and on fire to rehearse them, if possible, through the whole world, against the pride of mankind! And yet they are sung through the whole world, nor can any hide himself from Thy heat. With what vehement and bitter sorrow was I angered at the Manichees! and again I pitied them, for they knew not those Sacraments, those medicines, and were mad against the antidote which might have recovered them of their madness. How I would they had then been somewhere near me, and without my knowing that they were there, could have beheld my countenance, and heard my words, when I read the fourth Psalm in that time of my rest, and how that Psalm wrought upon me: When I called, the God of my righteousness heard me; in tribulation Thou enlargedst

Korean antidote: 해독제, 교정 수단. devotion: 귀의, 헌신, 애착, 전념, 기도, 전렴. enlisted: 사병에 관한, 사병의. garb: 외관, 복장, 모양, 옷, 의상, 복장 양식, 옷을 입히다. inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한. lowering: 내려가는, 비천한, 저하시키는, 저하, 낮게 하는. masculine: 남자의, 남자같은, 남성, 남자다운, 남성의, 여자가 남자같은,

남성 대명사 따위, 남성 명사. motherly: 어머니의, 어머니 같은, 어머니로서의, 어머니로서. novice: 초심자, 풋내기, 처음 출장하는 말, 수련자, 수련수사초신자, 수련수사, 무경험자, 초심자의. recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한. rehearse: 예행 연습을 하다, 암송하다, 복창하다, 매거하다, 을 되풀이하다, 열거하다, 연습하다, 연습을 하다,

숙달시키다, 자세히 말하다, 시연하다. retiring: 은퇴하는, 수줍은, 퇴직의, 삼가는, 내성적인, 수줍게, 물러나는, 내향적인, 겸손한, 암띤, 퇴직자의. tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정. tribulation: 고난, 시련, 간난. utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다.

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me. Have mercy upon me, O Lord, and hear my prayer. Would that what I uttered on these words, they could hear, without my knowing whether they heard, lest they should think I spake it for their sakes! Because in truth neither should I speak the same things, nor in the same way, if I perceived that they heard and saw me; nor if I spake them would they so receive them, as when I spake by and for myself before Thee, out of the natural feelings of my soul.% I trembled for fear, and again kindled with hope, and with rejoicing in Thy mercy, O Father; and all issued forth both by mine eyes and voice, when Thy good Spirit turning unto us, said, O ye sons of men, how long slow of heart? why do ye love vanity, and seek after leasing? For I had loved vanity, and sought after leasing. And Thou, O Lord, hadst already magnified Thy Holy One, raising Him from the dead, and setting Him at Thy right hand, whence from on high He should send His promise, the Comforter, the Spirit of truth. And He had already sent Him, but I knew it not; He had sent Him, because He was now magnified, rising again from the dead, and ascending into heaven. For till then, the Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet glorified. And the prophet cries out, How long, slow of heart? why do ye love vanity, and seek after leasing? Know this, that the Lord hath magnified His Holy One. He cries out, How long? He cries out, Know this: and I so long, not knowing, loved vanity, and sought after leasing: and therefore I heard and trembled, because it was spoken unto such as I remembered myself to have been. For in those phantoms which I had held for truths, was there vanity and leasing; and I spake aloud many things earnestly and forcibly, in the bitterness of my remembrance. Which would they had heard, who yet love vanity and seek after leasing! They would perchance have been troubled, and have vomited it up; and Thou wouldest hear them when they cried unto Thee; for by a true death in the flesh did He die for us, who now intercedeth unto Thee for us. I further read, Be angry, and sin not. And how was I moved, O my God, who had now learned to be angry at myself for things past, that I might not sin in time to come! Yea, to be justly angry; for that it was not another nature of a people of darkness which sinned for me, as they say who are not angry at themselves, and

Korean angry: 성난, 성나있는, 몹시쑤시는, 간원, 기도하는 사람, 탄원, 기도, 기상, 올라가는, 오르막의, 종기, 타는 듯한, 험한, 염증을 일으킨. 기도의 목적물 기. 이상의, 에 가까운, 뾰루지. darkness: 어둠, 암흑, 무지, 설명, promise: 약속, 천국, 촉망, 희망의 땅, slow: 느린, 느리게, 둔한, 더딘, 애매, 불명료, 맹목, 흑심. 약속하다, 가망이 있다, 가망, 가망더디게 하다, 늦은, 재미없는, forcibly: 강제적으로, 힘차게, 억지로, 약속하다, 의 희망이 있다, 의 느릿느릿, 대범한, 늦게 가는, 늦게 힘으로, 강력하게. 가망성이 있다, 약속한 일. 하다. knowing: 멋진, 빈틈 없는, 아는 prophet: 예언자, 예언서, 신의 뜻을 till: 까지, 갈다, 돈궤, 서랍, 귀중품함, 체하는, 알고 있는, 지식, 멋있는, 알리는 사람, 구약 성서의 예언서, 할 때까지는, 하여 마침내, 표석 점토, 사물을 아는, 앎, 잘 알고 있는, 모자 마호메트, 대변자, 사물을 예지하는 배양하다, 땅을 갈다, 까지줄곧. 따위 멋있는, 빈틈없는. 사람, 주의 따위의 대변자. truth: 성실, 진실, 진리, 사실, 정직, prayer: 기도식, 기도의 문구, 기원, rising: 기립, 상승, 오르는, 승진하는, 사실은, 사실을 말하면, 정말, 박진성.

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treasure%up wrath against the day of wrath, and of the revelation of Thy just judgment. Nor were my good things now without, nor sought with the eyes of flesh in that earthly sun; for they that would have joy from without soon become vain, and waste themselves on the things seen and temporal, and in their famished thoughts do lick their very shadows. Oh that they were wearied out with their famine, and said, Who will show us good things? And we would say, and they hear, The light of Thy countenance is sealed upon us. For we are not that light which enlighteneth every man, but we are enlightened by Thee; that having been sometimes darkness, we may be light in Thee. Oh that they could see the eternal Internal, which having tasted, I was grieved that I could not show It them, so long as they brought me their heart in their eyes roving abroad from Thee, while they said, Who will show us good things? For there, where I was angry within myself in my chamber, where I was inwardly pricked, where I had sacrificed, slaying my old man and commencing the purpose of a new life, putting my trust in Thee,—there hadst Thou begun to grow sweet unto me, and hadst put gladness in my heart. And I cried out, as I read this outwardly, finding it inwardly. Nor would I be multiplied with worldly goods; wasting away time, and wasted by time; whereas I had in Thy eternal Simple Essence other corn, and wine, and oil. And with a loud cry of my heart I cried out in the next verse, O in peace, O for The Self-same! O what said he, I will lay me down and sleep, for who shall hinder us, when cometh to pass that saying which is written, Death is swallowed up in victory? And Thou surpassingly art the Self-same, Who art not changed; and in Thee is rest which forgetteth all toil, for there is none other with Thee, nor are we to seek those many other things, which are not what Thou art: but Thou, Lord, alone hast made me dwell in hope. I read, and kindled; nor found I what to do to those deaf and dead, of whom myself had been, a pestilent person, a bitter and a blind bawler against those writings, which are honied with the honey of heaven, and lightsome with Thine own light: and I was consumed with zeal at the enemies of this Scripture.

Korean bawler: 야단치는 사람, 외치는 사람. bitter: 쓴, 모진, 격심한, 비참한, 쓴맛, 가엾은, 쓴맥주, 모진-쓴맛, 씁, 격렬한, 쓰라린. corn: 옥수수, 밀, 티눈, 곡물, 낟알, 못, 귀리, 감상적인 음악, 곡초, 뿔이 있는의 뜻, 소금을 뿌리다. famished: 굶주림. honey: 벌꿀, 감미로운, 화밀, 정다운 말을 하다, 발림말하다, 벌꿀의, 귀여운 사람, 단것.

lick: 핥다, 속력, 에 이기다, 조금, 넘실거리다, 한번 핥기, 핥음, 해내다, 일격, 급속히 번지다, 너울거리다. lightsome: 빛나는, 쾌활한, 밝은, 경솔한, 재빠른. loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 극성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 불쾌히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 야비한, 야하게. revelation: 폭로, 계시, 묵시, 발각, 적발, 요한 계시록, 폭로된 사물,

천계, 뜻밖의 새 사실, 뜻밖의 사실, 성경. roving: 이동하는, 방랑하는, 헤매는, 연방, 먼과녁쏘기, ㅏ랑, 조방사, 산만한. sealed: 봉인한, 도장을 찍은. surpassingly: 비상하게, 우수하게, 뛰어나게. verse: 절, 시, 시형, 시의 한 행, 귀절, 시가, 시를 짓다, 운문, 시의 절, 시로 짓다, 시로 표현하다.

Augustine

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When shall I recall all which passed in those holy-days? Yet neither have I forgotten, nor will I pass over the severity of Thy scourge, and the wonderful swiftness of Thy mercy. Thou didst then torment me with pain in my teeth; which when it had come to such height that I could not speak, it came into my heart to desire all my friends present to pray for me to Thee, the God of all manner of health. And this I wrote on wax, and gave it them to read. Presently so soon as with humble devotion we had bowed our knees, that pain went away. But what pain? or how went it away? I was affrighted, O my Lord, my God; for from infancy I had never experienced the like. And the power of Thy Nod was deeply conveyed to me, and rejoicing in faith, I praised Thy Name. And that faith suffered me not to be at ease about my past sins, which were not yet forgiven me by Thy baptism.% The vintage-vacation ended, I gave notice to the Milanese to provide their scholars with another master to sell words to them; for that I had both made choice to serve Thee, and through my difficulty of breathing and pain in my chest was not equal to the Professorship. And by letters I signified to Thy Prelate, the holy man Ambrose, my former errors and present desires, begging his advice what of Thy Scriptures I had best read, to become readier and fitter for receiving so great grace. He recommended Isaiah the Prophet: I believe, because he above the rest is a more clear foreshower of the Gospel and of the calling of the Gentiles. But I, not understanding the first lesson in him, and imagining the whole to be like it, laid it by, to be resumed when better practised in our Lord’s own words. Thence, when the time was come wherein I was to give in my name, we left the country and returned to Milan. It pleased Alypius also to be with me born again in Thee, being already clothed with the humility befitting Thy Sacraments; and a most valiant tamer of the body, so as, with unwonted venture, to wear the frozen ground of Italy with his bare feet. We joined with us the boy Adeodatus, born after the flesh, of my sin. Excellently hadst Thou made him. He was not quite fifteen, and in wit surpassed many grave and learned men. I confess unto Thee Thy gifts, O Lord my God, Creator of all, and abundantly able to reform

Korean befitting: 알맞은, 어울리는, 상응하는, 적당한, 적합한. begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활. calling: 천직, 부름, 직업, 소집, 점호, 강한 충동, 하느님의 부르심, 방문, 울음소리, 외침, 소명. ease: 안락, 안심시키다, 늦추다, 덜다, 편안, 여유, 쉬움, 마음놓고, 안심하다, 불안하여, 마음놓이지 않아. forgotten: 망각된.

frozen: 언, 극한의, 냉담한, 냉동의, 얼음으로덮힌, 동상에걸린, 냉랭한, 동상에 걸린, 동결된. knees: 무릎. lesson: 학과, 교훈, 일과, 과업, 연습, 수업, 훈계하다, 연속적인 수업, 과, 교과서 중의 과, 교습. recall: 취소, 상기시키다, 취소하다, 소환, 해임하다, 회상, 소환하다, 소생시키다, 생각나다, 상기, 다시 불러 들이다.

severity: 괴로움, 엄격, 간소, 격렬, 모진 경험, 통렬함. swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임, 즉시, 하기 쉬움. tamer: 길들이는 사람. valiant: 용감한, 훌륭한, 용맹스런. venture: 투기, 모험, 되는 대로, 결행하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고하다, 걸다, 위험을 무릅쓰고 해보다, 용기를 내어 발표하다, 위험에 직면케 하다, 용기를 내어 가다, 건 물건.

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our%deformities: for I had no part in that boy, but the sin. For that we brought him up in Thy discipline, it was Thou, none else, had inspired us with it. I confess unto Thee Thy gifts. There is a book of ours entitled The Master; it is a dialogue between him and me. Thou knowest that all there ascribed to the person conversing with me were his ideas, in his sixteenth year. Much besides, and yet more admirable, I found in him. That talent struck awe into me. And who but Thou could be the workmaster of such wonders? Soon didst Thou take his life from the earth: and I now remember him without anxiety, fearing nothing for his childhood or youth, or his whole self. Him we joined with us, our contemporary in grace, to he brought up in Thy discipline: and we were baptised, and anxiety for our past life vanished from us. Nor was I sated in those days with the wondrous sweetness of considering the depth of Thy counsels concerning the salvation of mankind. How did I weep, in Thy Hymns and Canticles, touched to the quick by the voices of Thy sweet-attuned Church! The voices flowed into mine ears, and the Truth distilled into my heart, whence the affections of my devotion overflowed, and tears ran down, and happy was I therein. Not long had the Church of Milan begun to use this kind of consolation and exhortation, the brethren zealously joining with harmony of voice and hearts. For it was a year, or not much more, that Justina, mother to the Emperor Valentinian, a child, persecuted Thy servant Ambrose, in favour of her heresy, to which she was seduced by the Arians. The devout people kept watch in the Church, ready to die with their Bishop Thy servant. There my mother Thy handmaid, bearing a chief part of those anxieties and watchings, lived for prayer. We, yet unwarmed by the heat of Thy Spirit, still were stirred up by the sight of the amazed and disquieted city. Then it was first instituted that after the manner of the Eastern Churches, Hymns and Psalms should be sung, lest the people should wax faint through the tediousness of sorrow: and from that day to this the custom is retained, divers (yea, almost all) Thy congregations, throughout other parts of the world following herein.

Korean anxiety: 걱정, 불안, 열망, 근심, 걱정거리, 염원. bearing: 관계, 태도, 거동, 관련, 낳음, 문장, 방위각, 인내, 축받이. besides: 제외하고, 그위에, 게다가, 게다가-더하여, 이외에, 을 제외하고, 외에는, 더하여, 그 위에, 그 밖에, 이외에도. dialogue: 대화, 문답, 대화 부분, 의견 교환, 대화체, 대화하다, 대화체의 작품.

discipline: 훈련, 징계하다, 규율, 훈육, 제어, 훈련하다, 징계, 징계훈련하다, 억제, 학과, 단련하다. harmony: 조화, 화성, 화합, 일치, 일치점 요람. inspired: 영감을 받은, 숨을 들이마신, 영감으로 쓰여진, 사실에 기인하지 않는, 내의를 받은, 뜻을 반영한, 영감을 느낀, 사주를 받은. joining: 결합하는, 결합하는 것, 접합하는, 접합하는 것.

sated: 넌더리나도록 물린, 넌더리나 있다. sixteenth: 열여섯째의, 제육십, 열여섯번째의. talent: 재능, 연예인, 재능 있는 사람들, 인재, 고대 그리스, 재주, 탤런트, 히부리의 무게 이름, 재능 있는 사람, 자기 마음대로 거는 사람들. tediousness: 장황함, 지루함. zealously: 열렬하게, 열중하여.

Augustine

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Then%didst Thou by a vision discover to Thy forenamed Bishop where the bodies of Gervasius and Protasius the martyrs lay hid (whom Thou hadst in Thy secret treasury stored uncorrupted so many years), whence Thou mightest seasonably produce them to repress the fury of a woman, but an Empress. For when they were discovered and dug up, and with due honour translated to the Ambrosian Basilica, not only they who were vexed with unclean spirits (the devils confessing themselves) were cured, but a certain man who had for many years been blind, a citizen, and well known to the city, asking and hearing the reason of the people’s confused joy, sprang forth desiring his guide to lead him thither. Led thither, he begged to be allowed to touch with his handkerchief the bier of Thy saints, whose death is precious in Thy sight. Which when he had done, and put to his eyes, they were forthwith opened. Thence did the fame spread, thence Thy praises glowed, shone; thence the mind of that enemy, though not turned to the soundness of believing, was yet turned back from her fury of persecuting. Thanks to Thee, O my God. Whence and whither hast Thou thus led my remembrance, that I should confess these things also unto Thee? which great though they be, I had passed by in forgetfulness. And yet then, when the odour of Thy ointments was so fragrant, did we not run after Thee. Therefore did I more weep among the singing of Thy Hymns, formerly sighing after Thee, and at length breathing in Thee, as far as the breath may enter into this our house of grass. Thou that makest men to dwell of one mind in one house, didst join with us Euodius also, a young man of our own city. Who being an officer of Court, was before us converted to Thee and baptised: and quitting his secular warfare, girded himself to Thine. We were together, about to dwell together in our devout purpose. We sought where we might serve Thee most usefully, and were together returning to Africa: whitherward being as far as Ostia, my mother departed this life. Much I omit, as hastening much. Receive my confessions and thanksgivings, O my God, for innumerable things whereof I am silent. But I will not omit whatsoever my soul would bring forth concerning that Thy handmaid, who brought me forth, both in the flesh, that I might be born to this temporal light, and in heart, that I might be born to Light eternal. Not her gifts, but Thine

Korean asking: 청구, 의뢰, 질문, 부탁. citizen: 시민, 공민, 주민, 민간인, 국민, 단조롭고 보수적인 그룹에 속해 있는 사람, 공민권, 도시인, 융통성이 없는 딱딱한 사람, 인민, 일반인. confused: 혼란스러운, 당황한, 혼란한, 어리둥절한, 지리멸렬한, 낭패한. discover: 발견하다, 밝히다, 찾아내다, 나타내다, 발견자, 내색하다. dug: 젖꼭지, 젖퉁이.

forenamed: 앞에 말한. formerly: 이전에, 전에, 먼저, 옛날에, 원래는, 지난날. fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자, 표독한여자, 복수의 여신의 하나, 표독스러운 계집. girded: 대비하는, 둘러 싸는, 조롱하는, 차는, 허리띠로 졸라 매는. handkerchief: 손수건. omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을

빼먹다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다. repress: 억누르다, 억압하다, 억제하다, 진압하다, 정복하다. singing: 노래하기, 노래, 노래하는, 지저귐, 귀울림, 노래부름, 명음. treasury: 자금, 국고, 보고, 재무성, 보물, 기금, 보전, 산 사전, 보물광, 국고금고, 사화집. usefully: 유용하게. vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는.

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in%her, would I speak of; for neither did she make nor educate herself. Thou createdst her; nor did her father and mother know what a one should come from them. And the sceptre of Thy Christ, the discipline of Thine only Son, in a Christian house, a good member of Thy Church, educated her in Thy fear. Yet for her good discipline was she wont to commend not so much her mother’s diligence, as that of a certain decrepit maid-servant, who had carried her father when a child, as little ones used to be carried at the backs of elder girls. For which reason, and for her great age, and excellent conversation, was she, in that Christian family, well respected by its heads. Whence also the charge of her master’s daughters was entrusted to her, to which she gave diligent heed, restraining them earnestly, when necessary, with a holy severity, and teaching them with a grave discretion. For, except at those hours wherein they were most temporately fed at their parents’ table, she would not suffer them, though parched with thirst, to drink even water; preventing an evil custom, and adding this wholesome advice: “Ye drink water now, because you have not wine in your power; but when you come to be married, and be made mistresses of cellars and cupboards, you will scorn water, but the custom of drinking will abide.” By this method of instruction, and the authority she had, she refrained the greediness of childhood, and moulded their very thirst to such an excellent moderation that what they should not, that they would not. And yet (as Thy handmaid told me her son) there had crept upon her a love of wine. For when (as the manner was) she, as though a sober maiden, was bidden by her parents to draw wine out of the hogshed, holding the vessel under the opening, before she poured the wine into the flagon, she sipped a little with the tip of her lips; for more her instinctive feelings refused. For this she did, not out of any desire of drink, but out of the exuberance of youth, whereby it boils over in mirthful freaks, which in youthful spirits are wont to be kept under by the gravity of their elders. And thus by adding to that little, daily littles (for whoso despiseth little things shall fall by little and little), she had fallen into such a habit as greedily to drink off her little cup brim-full almost of wine. Where was then that discreet old woman, and that her earnest countermanding? Would aught avail against a secret disease, if Thy healing hand, O Lord, watched not

Korean avail: 이익, 도움이되다, 소용이되다, 효용, 이롭다-이익.효용, 이롭다, 유용하다, 효력이 있다, 에 도움이 되다. decrepit: 노쇠한, 덜거덕거리는. diligent: 부지런한, 근면한. discreet: 사려가 깊은, 신중한, 분별 있는, 분별있는, 지각있는, 사려있는. educate: 교육하다, 훈련하다, 양성하다, 양육하다, 기르다, 학교에 보내다.

exuberance: 풍부, 충일, 무성함, 무성. flagon: 목이 좁은 병, 큰 포도주 병, 술병, 그 한잔분의 용량, 큰 병, 그 한 잔분의 용량. greedily: 욕심내어, 게걸스레, 게걸스럽게. heads: 머릿 수. instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의, 직관적인. mirthful: 명랑한, 즐거운, 유쾌한. moderation: 적당, 완화, 중용.

parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른. respected: 훌륭한, 소문난, 높이평가되는. sceptre: 왕권, 왕위, 왕위에 앉히다, 홀. youthful: 젊은, 젊은이의, 젊음에 넘치는, 발랄한, 초기의, 유년기의, 기운찬, 젊은이에 알맞은, 청년 특유의, 이른.

Augustine

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over%us? Father, mother, and governors absent, Thou present, who createdst, who callest, who also by those set over us, workest something towards the salvation of our souls, what didst Thou then, O my God? how didst Thou cure her? how heal her? didst Thou not out of another soul bring forth a hard and a sharp taunt, like a lancet out of Thy secret store, and with one touch remove all that foul stuff? For a maid-servant with whom she used to go to the cellar, falling to words (as it happens) with her little mistress, when alone with her, taunted her with this fault, with most bitter insult, calling her wine-bibber. With which taunt she, stung to the quick, saw the foulness of her fault, and instantly condemned and forsook it. As flattering friends pervert, so reproachful enemies mostly correct. Yet not what by them Thou doest, but what themselves purposed, dost Thou repay them. For she in her anger sought to vex her young mistress, not to amend her; and did it in private, either for that the time and place of the quarrel so found them; or lest herself also should have anger, for discovering it thus late. But Thou, Lord, Governor of all in heaven and earth, who turnest to Thy purposes the deepest currents, and the ruled turbulence of the tide of times, didst by the very unhealthiness of one soul heal another; lest any, when he observes this, should ascribe it to his own power, even when another, whom he wished to be reformed, is reformed through words of his. Brought up thus modestly and soberly, and made subject rather by Thee to her parents, than by her parents to Thee, so soon as she was of marriageable age, being bestowed upon a husband, she served him as her lord; and did her diligence to win him unto Thee, preaching Thee unto him by her conversation; by which Thou ornamentedst her, making her reverently amiable, and admirable unto her husband. And she so endured the wronging of her bed as never to have any quarrel with her husband thereon. For she looked for Thy mercy upon him, that believing in Thee, he might be made chaste. But besides this, he was fervid, as in his affections, so in anger: but she had learnt not to resist an angry husband, not in deed only, but not even in word. Only when he was smoothed and tranquil, and in a temper to receive it, she would give an account of her actions, if haply he had overhastily taken offence. In a word, while many matrons, who had milder husbands, yet bore even in their faces

Korean amiable: 붙임성 있는, 귀염성 있는, 호감을 주는, 온화한, 상냥한, 마음씨 고운, 귀여운, 마음씨가 상냥한. fervid: 타오르는 듯한. flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는. haply: 우연히, 아마, 어쩌면. lancet: 랜싯, 첨두 창, 첨두 아치, 랜싯 창, 랜싯 아치.

marriageable: 결혼할 수 있는, 혼기가 된, 과년, 특히 여성이 흔기에 이른, 혼기에 달한, 흔기에 이른. pervert: 성욕 도착자, 악용하다, 곡해하다, 벗어나게 하다, 배교자, 변질자, 오해하다, 오용하다, 나쁜 길로 빠져 버린 사람, 나쁜 길로 빠진 사람, 나쁜 길로 이끌다. reproachful: 책망하는, 비난하는, 수치스러운, 책망하는 듯한, 나무랄 만한, 나무라는, 부끄러운, 꾸짖는.

reverently: 경건하게, 겸손하게, 경의를 갖고, 공손하게, 삼가. taunt: 조롱, 조롱거리, 욕설, 냉소, 욕하여...시키다, 높고 잘 정비된, 조롱하다, 의장을 갖추고. tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한. unhealthiness: 불건전. vex: 성나게 하다, 짜증나게하다, 을 분해하다, 뒤흔들리게 하다, 동요시키다, 괴롭히다, 초조하게 하다, 격랑이 일게 하다.

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marks of shame, would in familiar talk blame their husbands’ lives, she would blame their tongues, giving them, as in jest, earnest advice: “That from the time they heard the marriage writings read to them, they should account them as indentures, whereby they were made servants; and so, remembering their condition, ought not to set themselves up against their lords.” And when they, knowing what a choleric husband she endured, marvelled that it had never been heard, nor by any token perceived, that Patricius had beaten his wife, or that there had been any domestic difference between them, even for one day, and confidentially asking the reason, she taught them her practice above mentioned. Those wives who observed it found the good, and returned thanks; those who observed it not, found no relief, and suffered.% Her mother-in-law also, at first by whisperings of evil servants incensed against her, she so overcame by observance and persevering endurance and meekness, that she of her own accord discovered to her son the meddling tongues whereby the domestic peace betwixt her and her daughter-in-law had been disturbed, asking him to correct them. Then, when in compliance with his mother, and for the well-ordering of the family, he had with stripes corrected those discovered, at her will who had discovered them, she promised the like reward to any who, to please her, should speak ill of her daughter-in-law to her: and none now venturing, they lived together with a remarkable sweetness of mutual kindness. This great gift also thou bestowedst, O my God, my mercy, upon that good handmaid of Thine, in whose womb Thou createdst me, that between any disagreeing and discordant parties where she was able, she showed herself such a peacemaker, that hearing on both sides most bitter things, such as swelling and indigested choler uses to break out into, when the crudities of enmities are breathed out in sour discourses to a present friend against an absent enemy, she never would disclose aught of the one unto the other, but what might tend to their reconcilement. A small good this might appear to me, did I not to my grief know numberless persons, who through some horrible and wide-spreading contagion of sin, not only disclose to persons mutually angered things said in

Korean choler: 성마름, 담즙, 부뚱이, 울화, 노여움. choleric: 성마른, 화 잘내는, 담즙질의, 잘 불 끈거리는. confidentially: 심복으로. contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염, 감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍, 접촉 전염. daughter-in-law: 며느리, 의붓딸. discordant: 조화하지 않는, 충돌하는, 불화한, 귀에 거슬리는, 일치하지

않는, 부정합의, 불협화음의. endurance: 인내, 내구성, 지구력. indigested: 충분히 고려되지 않은, 미숙한, 서투른, 소화 안되는조잡한, 소화되지않는, 어설픈혼란상태의, 소화 안되는. meddling: 참견, 간섭하는, 간섭, 참견하는. meekness: 온순, 유화, 얌전함. mother-in-law: 시어머니, 장모. mutually: 공동으로, 서로, 상호로.

numberless: 무수한, 셀수 없이 많은, 셀 수 없이 많은, 번호없는, 번호 없는, 셀 수 만큼 많은. observance: 준수, 습관, 규율, 지켜야 할 의식, 경의, 관찰, 의식, 관찰력, 이행. peacemaker: 조정자, 중재인, 강화 조약의 조인자. persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 있는. reconcilement: 화해, 조정.

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anger, but add withal things never spoken, whereas to humane humanity, it ought to seem a light thing not to toment or increase ill will by ill words, unless one study withal by good words to quench it. Such was she, Thyself, her most inward Instructor, teaching her in the school of the heart.% Finally, her own husband, towards the very end of his earthly life, did she gain unto Thee; nor had she to complain of that in him as a believer, which before he was a believer she had borne from him. She was also the servant of Thy servants; whosoever of them knew her, did in her much praise and honour and love Thee; for that through the witness of the fruits of a holy conversation they perceived Thy presence in her heart. For she had been the wife of one man, had requited her parents, had govemed her house piously, was well reported of for good works, had brought up children, so often travailing in birth of them, as she saw them swerving from Thee. Lastly, of all of us Thy servants, O Lord (whom on occasion of Thy own gift Thou sufferest to speak), us, who before her sleeping in Thee lived united together, having received the grace of Thy baptism, did she so take care of, as though she had been mother of us all; so served us, as though she had been child to us all. The day now approaching whereon she was to depart this life (which day Thou well knewest, we knew not), it came to pass, Thyself, as I believe, by Thy secret ways so ordering it, that she and I stood alone, leaning in a certain window, which looked into the garden of the house where we now lay, at Ostia; where removed from the din of men, we were recruiting from the fatigues of a long journey, for the voyage. We were discoursing then together, alone, very sweetly; and forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before, we were enquiring between ourselves in the presence of the Truth, which Thou art, of what sort the eternal life of the saints was to be, which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor hath it entered into the heart of man. But yet we gasped with the mouth of our heart, after those heavenly streams of Thy fountain, the fountain of life, which is with Thee; that being bedewed thence according to our capacity, we might in some sort meditate upon so high a mystery.

Korean anger: 화, 성, 노염, 노여움, 분노, 성나게 하다. complain: 호소하다, 고소하다, 불평하다, 슬픈 소리를 내다, 하소연하다, 투덜거리다, 불평을하다, 불만을 털어놓다, 신음하다, 앓다, 푸념하다. ear: 귀, 청각, 경청, 보리 따위의 이삭, 귀꼴의 물건, 귓바퀴, 옥수수 열매, 옥수수열매, 귀 모양의 것, 이삭, 이삭이 패다.

humane: 우아한, 사람을 고상하게 만드는, 인정있는, 친절한, 인도적인, 사람을 고상하게 하는. humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, 인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 속성, 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애. ill: 서투른, 병든, 나쁜, 나쁘게, 불행, 악, 불친절하게, 불친절한, 고난, 병고, 형편이 나쁜. quench: 끄다, 억제하다, 풀다, 물에 넣어 식히다, 빛 따위를 없애다,

가열한 것을 물에 넣어 식히다, 동작을 잃게 하다, 반대자의 입을 막다, 불 따위를 끄다, 불 따위를 없애다, 속력을 잃게 하다. sleeping: 수면. sweetly: 상냥하게, 달게, 귀엽게, 향기롭게, 기분 좋게, 기분좋게, 잘 들어, 아름답게. voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기. works: 공장.

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And %when our discourse was brought to that point, that the very highest delight of the earthly senses, in the very purest material light, was, in respect of the sweetness of that life, not only not worthy of comparison, but not even of mention; we raising up ourselves with a more glowing affection towards the “Self-same,” did by degrees pass through all things bodily, even the very heaven whence sun and moon and stars shine upon the earth; yea, we were soaring higher yet, by inward musing, and discourse, and admiring of Thy works; and we came to our own minds, and went beyond them, that we might arrive at that region of never-failing plenty, where Thou feedest Israel for ever with the food of truth, and where life is the Wisdom by whom all these things are made, and what have been, and what shall be, and she is not made, but is, as she hath been, and so shall she be ever; yea rather, to “have been,” and “hereafter to be,” are not in her, but only “to be,” seeing she is eternal. For to “have been,” and to “be hereafter,” are not eternal. And while we were discoursing and panting after her, we slightly touched on her with the whole effort of our heart; and we sighed, and there we leave bound the first fruits of the Spirit; and returned to vocal expressions of our mouth, where the word spoken has beginning and end. And what is like unto Thy Word, our Lord, who endureth in Himself without becoming old, and maketh all things new? We were saying then: If to any the tumult of the flesh were hushed, hushed the images of earth, and waters, and air, hushed also the pole of heaven, yea the very soul be hushed to herself, and by not thinking on self surmount self, hushed all dreams and imaginary revelations, every tongue and every sign, and whatsoever exists only in transition, since if any could hear, all these say, We made not ourselves, but He made us that abideth for ever—If then having uttered this, they too should be hushed, having roused only our ears to Him who made them, and He alone speak, not by them but by Himself, that we may hear His Word, not through any tongue of flesh, nor Angel’s voice, nor sound of thunder, nor in the dark riddle of a similitude, but might hear Whom in these things we love, might hear His Very Self without these (as we two now strained ourselves, and in swift thought touched on that Eternal Wisdom which abideth over all); -could this be continued on, and other visions of kind far unlike be

Korean becoming: 어울리는, 알맞은, 생성. glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것. imaginary: 상상의, 가공의어떤 사물이 상상으로서만 존재하는, 비현실적이어서 신용할수 없는, 허수, 상상상의, 허수의. moon: 달, 멍하니 시간을 보내다, 위성-멍하니 바라보다, 위성, 멍하니 바라보다, 행성의 위성, 초승달

모양의 것, 월광, 빈둥거리다, 멍하니 보내다, 일개월. musing: 생각에 잠긴. shine: 햇빛, 빛나다, 장난, 닦다, 비치다, 빼어나다, 좋아함, 윤기, 애착, 퍼렇게 멍든 눈, 일광. similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함, 직유. surmount: 이겨내다, 얹다, 극복하다, 오르다, 의 위에 놓다, 위에 놓다, 위로 솟아있다.

swift: 즉석의, 빠른, 칼새, 하기 쉬운, 빨리, 순식간의, 스위프트, 잽싸게, 동작이 빠른 사람, 동작이 빠른 것. touched: 감동한, 머리가 약간 돈, 감동된, 조금 미친, 조금미친. transition: 변이, 변천, 과도기, 전조, 변화, 전이, 조바꿈. vocal: 유성음의, 목소리의, 목소리를 내는, 성악의, 음성의, 목소리, 소리나는, 속삭이는, 구두의, 보컬, 유성음.

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withdrawn, and this one ravish, and absorb, and wrap up its beholder amid these inward joys, so that life might be for ever like that one moment of understanding which now we sighed after; were not this, Enter into thy Master’s joy? And when shall that be? When we shall all rise again, though we shall not all be changed? Such things was I speaking, and even if not in this very manner, and these same words, yet, Lord, Thou knowest that in that day when we were speaking of these things, and this world with all its delights became, as we spake, contemptible to us, my mother said, “Son, for mine own part I have no further delight in any thing in this life. What I do here any longer, and to what I am here, I know not, now that my hopes in this world are accomplished. One thing there was for which I desired to linger for a while in this life, that I might see thee a Catholic Christian before I died. My God hath done this for me more abundantly, that I should now see thee withal, despising earthly happiness, become His servant: what do I here?”% What answer I made her unto these things, I remember not. For scarce five days after, or not much more, she fell sick of a fever; and in that sickness one day she fell into a swoon, and was for a while withdrawn from these visible things. We hastened round her; but she was soon brought back to her senses; and looking on me and my brother standing by her, said to us enquiringly, “Where was I?” And then looking fixedly on us, with grief amazed: “Here,” saith she, “shall you bury your mother.” I held my peace and refrained weeping; but my brother spake something, wishing for her, as the happier lot, that she might die, not in a strange place, but in her own land. Whereat, she with anxious look, checking him with her eyes, for that he still savoured such things, and then looking upon me: “Behold,” saith she, “what he saith”: and soon after to us both, “Lay,” she saith, “this body any where; let not the care for that any way disquiet you: this only I request, that you would remember me at the Lord’s altar, wherever you be.” And having delivered this sentiment in what words she could, she held her peace, being exercised by her growing sickness.

Korean absorb: 흡수하다, 동화하다, 병합하다, 이끌다되다, 부딤하다, 없애다, 열중시키다, 흡수 병합하다, 흡수 동화하다. accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된. beholder: 보는 사람, 구경꾼. bury: 묻다, 몰두하게하다, 장사지내다, 몰두하다, 숨기다, 잊다, 파묻다, 덮어서 숨기다.

disquiet: 불안, 불안하게 하다, 마음의 황홀케하다, 능욕하다, 미칠듯이 불안, 사회적 불안, 의 마음의 평온을 기쁘게하다, 앗아가다, 황홀하게하다, 잃게 하는. 황홀하게 하다. grief: 재난, 실패하다, 비탄, 불운, sentiment: 의견, 감상, 정서, 감정의, 깊은 슬픔, 고통. 감상적인, 다감, 정취, 다감한, 감정, linger: 어정거리다, 질질 끌다, 오래 감정에 흐르는 경향, 감정적인 생각. 머물다, 나중에까지 남다, swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 졸도, 꾸물거리다, 쉬이 사라지지않다, 졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다. 우물쭈물 보내다, 질질 끌게 하다, wrap: 싸다, 두르다, 가리다, 몸을 싸는 우물쭈물하다, 떠나기를 망설이다. 것, 어깨 두르개, 감싸다, 끝내다, ravish: 강탈하다, 강간하다, 휩싸이다, 감기다, 감추다, 구속.

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But%I, considering Thy gifts, Thou unseen God, which Thou instillest into the hearts of Thy faithful ones, whence wondrous fruits do spring, did rejoice and give thanks to Thee, recalling what I before knew, how careful and anxious she had ever been as to her place of burial, which she had provided and prepared for herself by the body of her husband. For because they had lived in great harmony together, she also wished (so little can the human mind embrace things divine) to have this addition to that happiness, and to have it remembered among men, that after her pilgrimage beyond the seas, what was earthly of this united pair had been permitted to be united beneath the same earth. But when this emptiness had through the fulness of Thy goodness begun to cease in her heart, I knew not, and rejoiced admiring what she had so disclosed to me; though indeed in that our discourse also in the window, when she said, “What do I here any longer?” there appeared no desire of dying in her own country. I heard afterwards also, that when we were now at Ostia, she with a mother’s confidence, when I was absent, one day discoursed with certain of my friends about the contempt of this life, and the blessing of death: and when they were amazed at such courage which Thou hadst given to a woman, and asked, “Whether she were not afraid to leave her body so far from her own city?” she replied, “Nothing is far to God; nor was it to be feared lest at the end of the world, He should not recognise whence He were to raise me up.” On the ninth day then of her sickness, and the fifty-sixth year of her age, and the three-andthirtieth of mine, was that religious and holy soul freed from the body. I closed her eyes; and there flowed withal a mighty sorrow into my heart, which was overflowing into tears; mine eyes at the same time, by the violent command of my mind, drank up their fountain wholly dry; and woe was me in such a strife! But when she breathed her last, the boy Adeodatus burst out into a loud lament; then, checked by us all, held his peace. In like manner also a childish feeling in me, which was, through my heart’s youthful voice, finding its vent in weeping, was checked and silenced. For we thought it not fitting to solemnise that funeral with tearful lament, and groanings; for thereby do they for the most part express grief for the departed, as though unhappy, or altogether dead; whereas she was neither unhappy in her death, nor altogether

Korean absent: 결석의, 없는, 부재의, 멍청한, 멍하게, 결근의, 결근하다, 결석하다, 결여된, 멍한, 출타중인. addition: 부가, 부가물, 증가, 증축, 가산, 덧셈, 직함. afterwards: 나중에, 후에. breathed: 무성음의. burial: 매장. burst: 파열하다, 돌발, 별안간 나타나다, 터지다, 폭발, 충만하다, 찢다, 집중 사격, 파열시키다, 파열,

잡아 찢다. contempt: 치욕, 경멸, 모욕, 멸시, 모멸, 수치, 업신여김, 창피, 모욕죄. courage: 용기, 담력, 용감, 배짱. dying: 죽어가는, 임종, 임종의, 죽음, 꺼져가는, 사망, 죽을. funeral: 장례식의, 장례행렬, 장례식, 장례의, 싫은 일. lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비가, 애석해 하다. ninth: 아홉번째로, 제 9, 제구,

제구의, 제구번째의 사람, 제구번째의 것, 제구번째의, 제구로, 제 9의, 구도, 아홉분의 하나의. pilgrimage: 순례 여행, 인생 행로, 긴 여행, 순례하다, 순례, 순례 여행에 나서다, 순례 편력에 나서다. tearful: 슬픈, 눈물어린, 눈물을 자아내는, 눈물이 헤픈, 곧잘 우는, 눈물 어린. unhappy: 불행한, 부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 계제 나쁜.

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dead. Of this we were assured on good grounds, the testimony of her good conversation and her faith unfeigned.% What then was it which did grievously pain me within, but a fresh wound wrought through the sudden wrench of that most sweet and dear custom of living together? I joyed indeed in her testimony, when, in that her last sickness, mingling her endearments with my acts of duty, she called me “dutiful,” and mentioned, with great affection of love, that she never had heard any harsh or reproachful sound uttered by my mouth against her. But yet, O my God, Who madest us, what comparison is there betwixt that honour that I paid to her, and her slavery for me? Being then forsaken of so great comfort in her, my soul was wounded, and that life rent asunder as it were, which, of hers and mine together, had been made but one. The boy then being stilled from weeping, Euodius took up the Psalter, and began to sing, our whole house answering him, the Psalm, I will sing of mercy and judgments to Thee, O Lord. But hearing what we were doing, many brethren and religious women came together; and whilst they (whose office it was) made ready for the burial, as the manner is, I (in a part of the house, where I might properly), together with those who thought not fit to leave me, discoursed upon something fitting the time; and by this balm of truth assuaged that torment, known to Thee, they unknowing and listening intently, and conceiving me to be without all sense of sorrow. But in Thy ears, where none of them heard, I blamed the weakness of my feelings, and refrained my flood of grief, which gave way a little unto me; but again came, as with a tide, yet not so as to burst out into tears, nor to change of countenance; still I knew what I was keeping down in my heart. And being very much displeased that these human things had such power over me, which in the due order and appointment of our natural condition must needs come to pass, with a new grief I grieved for my grief, and was thus worn by a double sorrow. And behold, the corpse was carried to the burial; we went and returned without tears. For neither in those prayers which we poured forth unto Thee, when the Sacrifice of our ransom was offered for her, when now the corpse was

Korean balm: 향유, 진통제, 서양박하, 바향수지, 밤제, 멜리사. corpse: 시체, 송장. flood: 홍수, 범람, 범람하다, 관개하다, 만조, 밀어닥치다, 넘쳐 흐르다, 쇄도, 호수, 대해, 강. harsh: 거친, 엄한, 가혹한, 껄껄한, 야한, 귀에 거슬리는, 호된. hers: 그 여자의 것. listening: 청취, 청음, 경청, 귀를 기울임.

ransom: 몸값, 속죄하다, 공갈, 의 몸값을 요구하다, 의 배상금을 요구하다, 포로의 몸값, 몸값을 치르고 석방됨, 배상금을 치르고 사람을 되찾다, 사람을 되찾다, 에게 몸값을 요구하다, 에게 배상금을 요구하다. slavery: 노예 제도, 고역, 중노동, 노예의 신분, 예속, 노예의 신세, 포로, 천한 일, 군침 투성이의, 군침 흘리는.

tide: 풍조, 때, 경향, 극복하다, 조수, 흐름, 조수를 타고가다, 헤어나게 하다, 성쇠, 나르다, 견뎌내게 하다. weakness: 우둔, 불충분, 결점, 약함, 우유부단, 약점, 저능, 유약, 박약, 마음이 약함, 나약. wounded: 부상한, 상처입은, 부상자들. wrench: 렌치, 비틀다, 비틀어 떼다, 비틂, 왜곡하다, 억지로 끌어댐, 삐다, 비틀기, 뒤틀리다, 비통함, 비통.

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by%the grave’s side, as the manner there is, previous to its being laid therein, did I weep even during those prayers; yet was I the whole day in secret heavily sad, and with troubled mind prayed Thee, as I could, to heal my sorrow, yet Thou didst not; impressing, I believe, upon my memory by this one instance, how strong is the bond of all habit, even upon a soul, which now feeds upon no deceiving Word. It seemed also good to me to go and bathe, having heard that the bath had its name (balneum) from the Greek Balaneion for that it drives sadness from the mind. And this also I confess unto Thy mercy, Father of the fatherless, that I bathed, and was the same as before I bathed. For the bitterness of sorrow could not exude out of my heart. Then I slept, and woke up again, and found my grief not a little softened; and as I was alone in my bed, I remembered those true verses of Thy Ambrose. For Thou art the “Maker of all, the Lord, And Ruler of the height, Who, robing day in light, hast poured Soft slumbers o’er the night, That to our limbs the power Of toil may be renew’d, And hearts be rais’d that sink and cower, And sorrows be subdu’d.” And then by little and little I recovered my former thoughts of Thy handmaid, her holy conversation towards Thee, her holy tenderness and observance towards us, whereof I was suddenly deprived: and I was minded to weep in Thy sight, for her and for myself, in her behalf and in my own. And I gave way to the tears which I before restrained, to overflow as much as they desired; reposing my heart upon them; and it found rest in them, for it was in Thy ears, not in those of man, who would have scornfully interpreted my weeping. And now, Lord, in writing I confess it unto Thee. Read it, who will, and interpret it, how he will: and if he finds sin therein, that I wept my mother

Korean bathe: 미역, 잠그다, 적시다, 씻다height: 높이, 고도, 고지, 둔덕, 절정, 해수욕, 끼얹다, 목욕하다, 뒤덮이다, 한창, 극치, 높은 곳, 높음, 이 씻다, 뒤덮다, 담그다, 헤엄치다. 한창이어서, 하늘. behalf: 위하여, 이익. instance: 경우, 보기로 들다, 소송, 예, cower: 움츠리다, 움츠러들다, 권고, 권유, 실례, 시사, 제의, 웅크리다, 위축하다. 보기실례, 부탁. exude: 발산시키다, 발산하다, interpret: 해석하다, 통역하다, 배어나오게 하다, 배어나오다, 연주하다, 설명하다, 이해하다, 스며나오게 하다, 스며나오다. 판단하다, 해몽하다, 기계 번역하다, fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 기계번역하다, 의 통역을 하다, 미상의, 아버지를 알 수 없는. 자기의 해석에 따라서 연주하다.

minded: 할 마음이 있는, 마음이 있는, 한 마음의, 하고 싶은 마음이 있는. sadness: 어이없는, 진지한, 우중충충한, 어두운, 슬픈, 비애, 슬퍼하는, 설구워진, 지독한, 슬픔. scornfully: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 깔보고, 경멸하여, 경멸적으로. tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름, 민감, 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정. woke: 과거분사.

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for a small portion of an hour (the mother who for the time was dead to mine eyes, who had for many years wept for me that I might live in Thine eyes), let him not deride me; but rather, if he be one of large charity, let him weep himself for my sins unto Thee, the Father of all the brethren of Thy Christ.% But now, with a heart cured of that wound, wherein it might seem blameworthy for an earthly feeling, I pour out unto Thee, our God, in behalf of that Thy handmaid, a far different kind of tears, flowing from a spirit shaken by the thoughts of the dangers of every soul that dieth in Adam. And although she having been quickened in Christ, even before her release from the flesh, had lived to the praise of Thy name for her faith and conversation; yet dare I not say that from what time Thou regeneratedst her by baptism, no word issued from her mouth against Thy Commandment. Thy Son, the Truth, hath said, Whosoever shall say unto his brother, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire. And woe be even unto the commendable life of men, if, laying aside mercy, Thou shouldest examine it. But because Thou art not extreme in enquiring after sins, we confidently hope to find some place with Thee. But whosoever reckons up his real merits to Thee, what reckons he up to Thee but Thine own gifts? O that men would know themselves to be men; and that he that glorieth would glory in the Lord. I therefore, O my Praise and my Life, God of my heart, laying aside for a while her good deeds, for which I give thanks to Thee with joy, do now beseech Thee for the sins of my mother. Hearken unto me, I entreat Thee, by the Medicine of our wounds, Who hung upon the tree, and now sitting at Thy right hand maketh intercession to Thee for us. I know that she dealt mercifully, and from her heart forgave her debtors their debts; do Thou also forgive her debts, whatever she may have contracted in so many years, since the water of salvation. Forgive her, Lord, forgive, I beseech Thee; enter not into judgment with her. Let Thy mercy be exalted above Thy justice, since Thy words are true, and Thou hast promised mercy unto the merciful; which Thou gavest them to be, who wilt have mercy on whom Thou wilt have mercy; and wilt have compassion on whom Thou hast had compassion.

Korean blameworthy: 나무랄만한, 나무랄 만한. charity: 사랑, 자비, 양육원, 자애, 자선 단체, 자선, 자선사업, 기부금, 시료원, 보시, 베품. contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한, 수축된. dare: 도전하다, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 모험적으로 해보다, 감히 ~ 하다, 용기가 있다, 도전, 무릅쓰다.

entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간청하다, 취급하다. extreme: 극도의, 과격한, 극도, 극단, 맨끝의, 양극단, 극단적인 수단, 극단의, 맨 끝에 있는 것, 최후의, 최후의.극단. flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진, 미끈하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한, 미끈하게 처진, 조수가 밀려 들어오는, 넘치도록 많은. fool: 바보, 속이다, 농담하다,

어리석은 짓을 하다, 어릿광대, 우롱하다, 희롱하다, 풀, 놀리다, 낭비하다, 바보 취급을 받는 사람. forgive: 용서하다, 삭치다, 빚을탕감하다, 빚을 탕감하다, 면제하다, 삭히다, 관대히 봐주다. intercession: 중재, 조정, 알선. judgment: 판단, 천벌, 재판, 판결, 분별, 심판, 비관, 감정, 견식, 의견, 비판. merits: 공적, 당연한 벌, 당연한 상.

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And, %I believe, Thou hast already done what I ask; but accept, O Lord, the free-will offerings of my mouth. For she, the day of her dissolution now at hand, took no thought to have her body sumptuously wound up, or embalmed with spices; nor desired she a choice monument, or to be buried in her own land. These things she enjoined us not; but desired only to have her name commemorated at Thy Altar, which she had served without intermission of one day: whence she knew the holy Sacrifice to be dispensed, by which the handwriting that was against us is blotted out; through which the enemy was triumphed over, who summing up our offences, and seeking what to lay to our charge, found nothing in Him, in Whom we conquer. Who shall restore to Him the innocent blood? Who repay Him the price wherewith He bought us, and so take us from Him? Unto the Sacrament of which our ransom, Thy handmaid bound her soul by the bond of faith. Let none sever her from Thy protection: let neither the lion nor the dragon interpose himself by force or fraud. For she will not answer that she owes nothing, lest she be convicted and seized by the crafty accuser: but she will answer that her sins are forgiven her by Him, to Whom none can repay that price which He, Who owed nothing, paid for us. May she rest then in peace with the husband before and after whom she had never any; whom she obeyed, with patience bringing forth fruit unto Thee, that she might win him also unto Thee. And inspire, O Lord my God, inspire Thy servants my brethren, Thy sons my masters, whom with voice, and heart, and pen I serve, that so many as shall read these Confessions, may at Thy Altar remember Monnica Thy handmaid, with Patricius, her sometimes husband, by whose bodies Thou broughtest me into this life, how I know not. May they with devout affection remember my parents in this transitory light, my brethren under Thee our Father in our Catholic Mother, and my fellow-citizens in that eternal Jerusalem which Thy pilgrim people sigheth after from their Exodus, even unto their return thither. That so my mother’s last request of me, may through my confessions, more than through my prayers, be, through the prayers of many, more abundantly fulfilled to her.

Korean accuser: 고발인, 고소인 원고, 비난자, 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다, 고소인, 밀고자, 원고. 감격시키다. conquer: 정복하다, 극복하다, interpose: 간섭하다, 사이에 끼우다, 손아귀에 넣다, 억누르다, 획득하다, 중재하다, 방해하다, 제기하다, 승리를얻다, 타파하다, 공략하다, 화면을 중복 촬영하여 바꿔넣다, 이가다, 승리를 얻다. 차단하다, 말참견하다, 사이에 dissolution: 해산, 용해, 분해, 해약, 끼우다삽입하다, 조정에 나서다, 해소, 붕괴, 사멸, 해체, 소멸. 중재에 나서다. inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, pilgrim: 순례자, 방랑, 여행, 방랑자, 불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이 어느 지방으로의 새 이주자, 필그림 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다, 파더즈중의 한 사람, 순례하다, 새

전입자, 새 전입이주자, 어느 지방으로의 새 전입자. repay: 갚다, 보답하다, 빚을 갚다, 상환하다, 은혜를 갚다, 보복하다, 돈을 갚다, 에 보답하다. sever: 떨어지다, 절단하다, 단절하다, 가르다, 끊다, 떼어놓다, 자르다, 끊어지다. sumptuously: 호화롭게, 사치스럽게. transitory: 일시적인, 오래가지 않는, 덧없는, 무상한, 일시의.

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BOOK X

Let%me know Thee, O Lord, who knowest me: let me know Thee, as I am known. Power of my soul, enter into it, and fit it for Thee, that Thou mayest have and hold it without spot or wrinkle. This is my hope, therefore do I speak; and in this hope do I rejoice, when I rejoice healthfully. Other things of this life are the less to be sorrowed for, the more they are sorrowed for; and the more to be sorrowed for, the less men sorrow for them. For behold, Thou lovest the truth, and he that doth it, cometh to the light. This would I do in my heart before Thee in confession: and in my writing, before many witnesses. And from Thee, O Lord, unto whose eyes the abyss of man’s conscience is naked, what could be hidden in me though I would not confess it? For I should hide Thee from me, not me from Thee. But now, for that my groaning is witness, that I am displeased with myself, Thou shinest out, and art pleasing, and beloved, and longed for; that I may be ashamed of myself, and renounce myself, and choose Thee, and neither please Thee nor myself, but in Thee. To Thee therefore, O Lord, am I open, whatever I am; and with what fruit I confess unto Thee, I have said. Nor do I it with words and sounds of the flesh, but with the words of my soul, and the cry of the thought which Thy ear knoweth. For when I am evil, then to confess to Thee is nothing else than to be displeased with myself; but when holy, nothing else than not to ascribe it to myself: because Thou, O Lord, blessest the godly, but first Thou justifieth him when ungodly. My

Korean enter: 참가하다, 시작하다, 들다, naked: 적나라한, 벌거벗은, 잎이 버리다, 끊다, 양도하다. 에들어가다, 에들다, 에 들어가다, 없는, 무방비의, 있는 그대로의, speak: 이야기하다, 탄원하다, 신고하다, 박히다, 떠오르다, 꾸밈없는, 안경등에 의존하지 않은, 표명하다, 이야기 하다, 울리다, 등장하다, 들어박히다. 벌거숭이의, 드러난, 나체의, 가리개 연설하다, 말하다, 성명하다, fit: 적합, 적당한, 준비시키다, 건강한, 없는. 나타내다, 쓰다, 에게 말을 걸다. 꼭 맞다, 만듦새, 조달하다, 알맞은, neither: 도 않고, 그것은 관계없는 spot: 점, 반점, 얼룩, 당장의, 흑점, 수험 준비를 하다, 격발, 이야기의 한 일이다, 도 아니고, 또한 ...도 않다. 오점, 조금, 발견하다, 결점, 구절. renounce: 포기하다, 부인하다, 관계를 산재시키다, 지점. fruit: 과일, 자손, 결과, 생산물, 소산, 끊다, 기권하다, 거절하다, 권리를 wrinkle: 좋은 생각, 주름, 묘안, 과실, 에 열매를 맺게하다, 열매를 포기하다, 그만두다, 나온 패가 주름지다, 주름잡다, 멋진 생각, 새 맺다, 과일이 생기다, 수확물, 수확. 없어서 다른 짝의 패를 냄, 선서하고 취향, 주름살지다.

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confession then, O my God, in Thy sight, is made silently, and not silently. For in sound, it is silent; in affection, it cries aloud. For neither do I utter any thing right unto men, which Thou hast not before heard from me; nor dost Thou hear any such thing from me, which Thou hast not first said unto me.% What then have I to do with men, that they should hear my confessions—as if they could heal all my infirmities—a race, curious to know the lives of others, slothful to amend their own? Why seek they to hear from me what I am; who will not hear from Thee what themselves are? And how know they, when from myself they hear of myself, whether I say true; seeing no man knows what is in man, but the spirit of man which is in him? But if they hear from Thee of themselves, they cannot say, “The Lord lieth.” For what is it to hear from Thee of themselves, but to know themselves? and who knoweth and saith, “It is false,” unless himself lieth? But because charity believeth all things (that is, among those whom knitting unto itself it maketh one), I also, O Lord, will in such wise confess unto Thee, that men may hear, to whom I cannot demonstrate whether I confess truly; yet they believe me, whose ears charity openeth unto me. But do Thou, my inmost Physician, make plain unto me what fruit I may reap by doing it. For the confessions of my past sins, which Thou hast forgiven and covered, that Thou mightest bless me in Thee, changing my soul by Faith and Thy Sacrament, when read and heard, stir up the heart, that it sleep not in despair and say “I cannot,” but awake in the love of Thy mercy and the sweetness of Thy grace, whereby whoso is weak, is strong, when by it he became conscious of his own weakness. And the good delight to hear of the past evils of such as are now freed from them, not because they are evils, but because they have been and are not. With what fruit then, O Lord my God, to Whom my conscience daily confesseth, trusting more in the hope of Thy mercy than in her own innocency, with what fruit, I pray, do I by this book confess to men also in Thy presence what I now am, not what I have been? For that other fruit I have seen and spoken of. But what I now am, at the very time of making these confessions, divers desire to know, who have or have not known me, who have heard from me or of me; but their ear is not at my heart where I am, whatever I

Korean amend: 고치다, 고쳐지다, 수정하다, 시위운동을하다, 실물선전하다, 개정하다, 개심하다, 정정하다. 표시하다, 증명하다, 실지 교수로 bless: 찬미하다, 정화하다, 수호하다, 가르치다, 시위 운동을 하다, 시위 은총을 내리다, 신성케 하다, 데모를 하다, 설명하다, 군사력을 찬양하다, 축복하다, 신을 찬양하다, 과시하다, 실물로 선전하다. 신을 하다, 은혜를 베풀다, 저주하다. knitting: 편물, 뜨개질, 뜨개질 세공, curious: 이상한, 호기심이 강한, 짜기. 진서인, 면밀한, 묘한, 호기심을 끄는, plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의, 진기한, 정성들인, 캐기 좋아하는, 솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 외설한, 알고 싶어하는. 예쁘지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지. demonstrate: 논증하다, reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다,

수확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답 따위를 받다. silently: 잠자코, 조용히, 아무 말 않고, 묵묵히, 고요하게. slothful: 게으른, 나태한. trusting: 믿는, 사람을 의심하지 않는, 믿고있는, 남을 의심하지 않는. weak: 약변화의, 묽은, 약한, 힘없는, 어리석은, 약세인, 악센트 없는, 내림세인, 약점 있는, 악센트가 없는, 불충분한.

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am. They wish then to hear me confess what I am within; whither neither their eye, nor ear, nor understanding can reach; they wish it, as ready to believe—but will they know? For charity, whereby they are good, telleth them that in my confessions I lie not; and she in them, believeth me.% But for what fruit would they hear this? Do they desire to joy with me, when they hear how near, by Thy gift, I approach unto Thee? and to pray for me, when they shall hear how much I am held back by my own weight? To such will I discover myself For it is no mean fruit, O Lord my God, that by many thanks should be given to Thee on our behalf, and Thou be by many entreated for us. Let the brotherly mind love in me what Thou teachest is to be loved, and lament in me what Thou teachest is to be lamented. Let a brotherly, not a stranger, mind, not that of the strange children, whose mouth talketh of vanity, and their right hand is a right hand of iniquity, but that brotherly mind which when it approveth, rejoiceth for me, and when it disapproveth me, is sorry for me; because whether it approveth or disapproveth, it loveth me. To such will I discover myself: they will breathe freely at my good deeds, sigh for my ill. My good deeds are Thine appointments, and Thy gifts; my evil ones are my offences, and Thy judgments. Let them breathe freely at the one, sigh at the other; and let hymns and weeping go up into Thy sight, out of the hearts of my brethren, Thy censers. And do Thou, O Lord, he pleased with the incense of Thy holy temple, have mercy upon me according to Thy great mercy for Thine own name’s sake; and no ways forsaking what Thou hast begun, perfect my imperfections. This is the fruit of my confessions of what I am, not of what I have been, to confess this, not before Thee only, in a secret exultation with trembling, and a secret sorrow with hope; but in the ears also of the believing sons of men, sharers of my joy, and partners in my mortality, my fellow-citizens, and fellow-pilgrims, who are gone before, or are to follow on, companions of my way. These are Thy servants, my brethren, whom Thou willest to be Thy sons; my masters, whom Thou commandest me to serve, if I would live with Thee, of Thee. But this Thy Word were little did it only command by speaking, and not go before in

Korean appointments: 설비. brotherly: 형제의, 친절한, 친밀하게. command: 지휘하다, 명령, 지배하다, 지휘, 명하다, 의 값어치가 있다, 지배력, 장악지, 차지하고 있다, 명령하다, 조망. desire: 원하다, 정욕, 욕구, 바라다, 욕구-바라는 것, 바라다-소원, 바라는 것, 소원, 바람, 욕망, 희망. incense: 향, 향을 피우다, 분향하다, 아첨, 에 향을 피우다, 아부, 방향,

향내, 성나게 하다, 노하게 하다, 몹시 speaking: 말하기, 연설, 정치적 집회, 화나게 하다. 이야기 하기에 적합한, 담화, lamented: 애도를 받는. 이야기를 할 정도의, 생생한, 말하는, lie: 거짓말, 방향, 눕다, 위치, 있다, 말이라도 할 것 같은. 기대다, 향, 거짓말하다, 통해 있다, stranger: 손님, 제삼자, 낯선 사람, 사기, 소굴. 새로 온 사람, 무 경험자, 모르는 mortality: 죽음을 면할 수 없음, 사람, 을 쌀쌀하게대하다, 여보세요, 죽어야 할 운명, 사망률, 사망자수, 문외한. 사망수, 인류, 죽음을 면치 못할 성질, temple: 신전, 관자놀이, 성단, 절, 죽음을 면치 못할 운명. 교회, 사원, 전당, 쳇발, 고대 유대의 ones: 그 사람의, 사람의. 3신전의 하나, 안경 다리, 성령의 전.

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performing. This then I do in deed and word, this I do under Thy wings; in over great peril, were not my soul subdued unto Thee under Thy wings, and my infirmity known unto Thee. I am a little one, but my Father ever liveth, and my Guardian is sufficient for me. For He is the same who begat me, and defends me: and Thou Thyself art all my good; Thou, Almighty, Who are with me, yea, before I am with Thee. To such then whom Thou commandest me to serve will I discover, not what I have been, but what I now am and what I yet am. But neither do I judge myself. Thus therefore I would be heard.% For Thou, Lord, dost judge me: because, although no man knoweth the things of a man, but the spirit of a man which is in him, yet is there something of man, which neither the spirit of man that is in him, itself knoweth. But Thou, Lord, knowest all of him, Who hast made him. Yet I, though in Thy sight I despise myself, and account myself dust and ashes; yet know I something of Thee, which I know not of myself. And truly, now we see through a glass darkly, not face to face as yet. So long therefore as I be absent from Thee, I am more present with myself than with Thee; and yet know I Thee that Thou art in no ways passible; but I, what temptations I can resist, what I cannot, I know not. And there is hope, because Thou art faithful, Who wilt not suffer us to be tempted above that we are able; but wilt with the temptation also make a way to escape, that we may be able to bear it. I will confess then what I know of myself, I will confess also what I know not of myself. And that because what I do know of myself, I know by Thy shining upon me; and what I know not of myself, so long know I not it, until my darkness be made as the noon-day in Thy countenance. Not with doubting, but with assured consciousness, do I love Thee, Lord. Thou hast stricken my heart with Thy word, and I loved Thee. Yea also heaven, and earth, and all that therein is, behold, on every side they bid me love Thee; nor cease to say so unto all, that they may be without excuse. But more deeply wilt Thou have mercy on whom Thou wilt have mercy, and wilt have compassion on whom Thou hast had compassion: else in deaf ears do the heaven and the earth speak Thy praises. But what do I love, when I love Thee? not beauty of bodies, nor the fair harmony of time, nor the brightness of the light, so

Korean bid: 말하다, 입찰하다, 명하다, 입찰하다-값을 매기다, 입찰하다부른값, 초대하다, 값을 다루다, 값매기다, 공고하다-값을 매기다, 노력하다, 매기다. consciousness: 의식, 자각, 지각, 감지, 심상. darkly: 어둡게, 음울하게, 모호하게, 비밀히, 험악하게, 희미하게, 거무스름하게, 넌지시, 막연히, 음침하게, 은밀히.

deaf: 귀머거리의, 들으려 하지 않는, 귀머거리들, 귀를 기울이지 않는. dust: 먼지, 흙, 가루, 티끌, 인체, 유해, 쓰레기, 분말, 무덤, 먼지를 떨다, 굴욕을 받고. excuse: 구실, 용서하다, 변명하다, 보아주다, 사과, 핑계, 발뺌, 변명, 면제하다-변명, 면제하다, 이유. passible: 감동할 수 있는. performing: 공연을 요하는, 실행할 수 있는, 재주 부릴 수 있는, 재주 부릴줄

아는, 실행하는, 성취할 수 있는. resist: 저항하다, 반항하다, 방해하다, 참다, 격퇴하다, 무시하다, 방염제, 반대하다, 방부제, 삼가다, 거스르다. suffer: 입다, 견디다, 당하다, 병에 걸리다, 괴로워하다, 손해를 입다, 겪다, 고생하다, 허용하여, 아파하다, 하게 하다. temptation: 유혹, 광야의 시험, 유혹물. wings: 공군 기장.

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gladsome to our eyes, nor sweet melodies of varied songs, nor the fragrant smell of flowers, and ointments, and spices, not manna and honey, not limbs acceptable to embracements of flesh. None of these I love, when I love my God; and yet I love a kind of light, and melody, and fragrance, and meat, and embracement when I love my God, the light, melody, fragrance, meat, embracement of my inner man: where there shineth unto my soul what space cannot contain, and there soundeth what time beareth not away, and there smelleth what breathing disperseth not, and there tasteth what eating diminisheth not, and there clingeth what satiety divorceth not. This is it which I love when I love my God.% And what is this? I asked the earth, and it answered me, “I am not He”; and whatsoever are in it confessed the same. I asked the sea and the deeps, and the living creeping things, and they answered, “We are not thy God, seek above us.” I asked the moving air; and the whole air with his inhabitants answered, “Anaximenes was deceived, I am not God. “ I asked the heavens, sun, moon, stars, “Nor (say they) are we the God whom thou seekest.” And I replied unto all the things which encompass the door of my flesh: “Ye have told me of my God, that ye are not He; tell me something of Him.” And they cried out with a loud voice, “He made us. “ My questioning them, was my thoughts on them: and their form of beauty gave the answer. And I turned myself unto myself, and said to myself, “Who art thou?” And I answered, “A man.” And behold, in me there present themselves to me soul, and body, one without, the other within. By which of these ought I to seek my God? I had sought Him in the body from earth to heaven, so far as I could send messengers, the beams of mine eyes. But the better is the inner, for to it as presiding and judging, all the bodily messengers reported the answers of heaven and earth, and all things therein, who said, “We are not God, but He made us.” These things did my inner man know by the ministry of the outer: I the inner knew them; I, the mind, through the senses of my body. I asked the whole frame of the world about my God; and it answered me, “I am not He, but He made me.

Korean acceptable: 받을 수 있는, 좋은, 용인할 수 있는, 수락할 수 있는, 받아들일 수 있는. answers: 응답. eating: 먹기, 식용의, 식품, 식품좀먹어들어가는, 좀먹어 들어가는, 음식, 물. embracement: 포옹, 받아들임, 수락. encompass: 포함하다, 둘러 싸다, 초래하다, 에워 싸다. fragrance: 방향, 향기로움.

gladsome: 기쁜, 즐거운. inner: 내부의, 안의, 정신의, 영적인, 밥통, 비밀의, 위, 영혼, 안쪽의, 과녁의 내권내권 명중, 식욕. manna: 만나, 맛 좋은 것, 마음의 양식, 신이 내리신 음식. meat: 고기, 식사, 음식, 살, 알맹이, 음식물, 식용 짐승고기. outer: 바깥쪽의, 외면의, 밖의, 과녁 밖, 표적의 중심권 이외의 부분, 중심권 이외의 부분, 객관적인.

presiding: 수석의, 주재하는, 사회하는. questioning: 질문, 의심스러운, 심문, 묻는 듯한, 캐묻는. satiety: 만끽, 포만, 과다, 물림. smell: 냄새, 의 냄새가 나다, 후각, 낌새, 냄새 맡음, 냄새맡고 다니다, 악취가 나다, 알아채다, 냄새맡다, 맡아내다, 냄새가 나다. varied: 변화있는, 가지가지의, 변한, 여러 가지의, 변화 있는, 변화 많은.

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Is not this corporeal figure apparent to all whose senses are perfect? why then speaks it not the same to all? Animals small and great see it, but they cannot ask it: because no reason is set over their senses to judge on what they report. But men can ask, so that the invisible things of God are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made; but by love of them, they are made subject unto them: and subjects cannot judge. Nor yet do the creatures answer such as ask, unless they can judge; nor yet do they change their voice (i.e., their appearance), if one man only sees, another seeing asks, so as to appear one way to this man, another way to that, but appearing the same way to both, it is dumb to this, speaks to that; yea rather it speaks to all; but they only understand, who compare its voice received from without, with the truth within. For truth saith unto me, “Neither heaven, nor earth, nor any other body is thy God.” This, their very nature saith to him that seeth them: “They are a mass; a mass is less in a part thereof than in the whole.” Now to thee I speak, O my soul, thou art my better part: for thou quickenest the mass of my body, giving it life, which no body can give to a body: but thy God is even unto thee the Life of thy life.% What then do I love, when I love my God? who is He above the head of my soul? By my very soul will I ascend to Him. I will pass beyond that power whereby I am united to my body, and fill its whole frame with life. Nor can I by that power find my God; for so horse and mule that have no understanding might find Him; seeing it is the same power, whereby even their bodies live. But another power there is, not that only whereby I animate, but that too whereby I imbue with sense my flesh, which the Lord hath framed for me: commanding the eye not to hear, and the ear not to see; but the eye, that through it I should see, and the ear, that through it I should hear; and to the other senses severally, what is to each their own peculiar seats and offices; which, being divers, I the one mind, do through them enact. I will pass beyond this power of mine also; for this also have the horse, and mule, for they also perceive through the body. I will pass then beyond this power of my nature also, rising by degrees unto Him Who made me. And I come to the fields and spacious palaces of my

Korean apparent: 명백한, 거죽만의, 보이는, 하다, 법류화하다, 의 역을하다, 외견의, 겉꾸밈의, 겉모양만의. 상연하다. appearing: 인 듯한. fill: 채우다, 차지하다, 가득참, commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는, 보충하다, 가득차다, 충분, 차다, 당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 흡족하게 하다, 흙으로 돋우다, 유리한 장소를 차지한. 조제하다, 충족시키다. compare: 비교하다, 비유하다, 비교, imbue: 고취하다, 배게 하다불어 넣다, 맞 견주다, 대조하다, 견줌, 에 불어넣다, 듬뿍스며 들게 하다, 비기다, 이나 마찬가지이다, 물들이다, 침투시키다, 에 스며들게 참조하다, 필적하다, 견주다. 하다, 에 불어넣다, 더럽히다. enact: 제정하다, 법률화하다, 역을 mass: 덩어리, 미사, 다수, 집단, 다량,

한 덩어리로 하다, 태반, 집중시키다, 질량, 매스, 크기. mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는 슬리퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기. peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한, 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의 감독 지배하의 특수 지역. seeing: 이므로, 인 사실을 생각하면, 봄.

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memory, where are the treasures of innumerable images, brought into it from things of all sorts perceived by the senses. There is stored up, whatsoever besides we think, either by enlarging or diminishing, or any other way varying those things which the sense hath come to; and whatever else hath been committed and laid up, which forgetfulness hath not yet swallowed up and buried. When I enter there, I require what I will to be brought forth, and something instantly comes; others must be longer sought after, which are fetched, as it were, out of some inner receptacle; others rush out in troops, and while one thing is desired and required, they start forth, as who should say, “Is it perchance I?” These I drive away with the hand of my heart, from the face of my remembrance; until what I wish for be unveiled, and appear in sight, out of its secret place. Other things come up readily, in unbroken order, as they are called for; those in front making way for the following; and as they make way, they are hidden from sight, ready to come when I will. All which takes place when I repeat a thing by heart.% There are all things preserved distinctly and under general heads, each having entered by its own avenue: as light, and all colours and forms of bodies by the eyes; by the ears all sorts of sounds; all smells by the avenue of the nostrils; all tastes by the mouth; and by the sensation of the whole body, what is hard or soft; hot or cold; or rugged; heavy or light; either outwardly or inwardly to the body. All these doth that great harbour of the memory receive in her numberless secret and inexpressible windings, to be forthcoming, and brought out at need; each entering in by his own gate, and there laid up. Nor yet do the things themselves enter in; only the images of the things perceived are there in readiness, for thought to recall. Which images, how they are formed, who can tell, though it doth plainly appear by which sense each hath been brought in and stored up? For even while I dwell in darkness and silence, in my memory I can produce colours, if I will, and discern betwixt black and white, and what others I will: nor yet do sounds break in and disturb the image drawn in by my eyes, which I am reviewing, though they also are there, lying dormant, and laid up, as it were, apart. For these too I call for, and forthwith they appear. And though my tongue be still, and my throat mute, so can I sing as much as I will; nor do

Korean avenue: 가로수 길, 큰거리, 가로, 수단, 두 줄로 늘어선 가로수, 방법, 큰 가로, 현관에 이르는 통로, 접근수단. diminishing: 점감하는, 차츰 줄어드는, 체감하는. distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게. dormant: 잠자는, 활동휴지중인, 움직이지 않는, 휴지 상태에 있는. forthcoming: 준비돼 있는, 출현, 준비돼있는, 곧나오려고, 곧올,

나타나려고 하는, 나타나려고하는, 접근, 곧나오려고하는, 곧 올, 곧 도와주는. harbour: 피난처, 항구, 은신처 숨기다, 품다 정박하다, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다, 정박하다. inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는, 양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지. readily: 쾌히, 손쉽게, 쉽사리, 기꺼이, 서슴없이, 선뜻, 쉽게. required: 필수의.

rush: 돌진시키다, 돌진, 등심초, 돌진하다, 골풀, 돌격하다, 쇄도, 돌격, 하찮은 물건, 쇄도하다, 급행하다. sensation: 센세이션, 감각, 감동, 인기, 감정, 세상을 떠들썩하게 하는 것. unbroken: 파손되지 않은, 길들여 지지 않은, 중단되지 않은, 완전한, 미개간의, 꺽이지 않은, 꺾이지 않은, 중단되지 않는, 손상되지 않은, 깨어지지 않은, 경작되지 않은.

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those images of colours, which notwithstanding be there, intrude themselves and interrupt, when another store is called for, which flowed in by the ears. So the other things, piled in and up by the other senses, I recall at my pleasure. Yea, I discern the breath of lilies from violets, though smelling nothing; and I prefer honey to sweet wine, smooth before rugged, at the time neither tasting nor handling, but remembering only.% These things do I within, in that vast court of my memory. For there are present with me, heaven, earth, sea, and whatever I could think on therein, besides what I have forgotten. There also meet I with myself, and recall myself, and when, where, and what I have done, and under what feelings. There be all which I remember, either on my own experience, or other’s credit. Out of the same store do I myself with the past continually combine fresh and fresh likenesses of things which I have experienced, or, from what I have experienced, have believed: and thence again infer future actions, events and hopes, and all these again I reflect on, as present. “I will do this or that,” say I to myself, in that great receptacle of my mind, stored with the images of things so many and so great, “and this or that will follow.” “O that this or that might be!” “God avert this or that!” So speak I to myself: and when I speak, the images of all I speak of are present, out of the same treasury of memory; nor would I speak of any thereof, were the images wanting. Great is this force of memory, excessive great, O my God; a large and boundless chamber! who ever sounded the bottom thereof? yet is this a power of mine, and belongs unto my nature; nor do I myself comprehend all that I am. Therefore is the mind too strait to contain itself. And where should that be, which it containeth not of itself? Is it without it, and not within? how then doth it not comprehend itself? A wonderful admiration surprises me, amazement seizes me upon this. And men go abroad to admire the heights of mountains, the mighty billows of the sea, the broad tides of rivers, the compass of the ocean, and the circuits of the stars, and pass themselves by; nor wonder that when I spake of all these things, I did not see them with mine eyes, yet could not have spoken of them, unless I then actually saw the mountains, billows, rivers, stars

Korean abroad: 널리, 해외에, 틀려서, 퍼져서, 기업합동, 연합, 결합하다, 콤바인, 집 밖에, 밖에, 집 밖으로, 잘못하여, 화합시키다, 도당, 아우르다, 외국으로, 본거지 외에서, 국외로. 아울러가지다, 연합시키다. admiration: 감탄, 칭찬, 찬미, 경탄, compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계, 경이, 칭찬의 대상, 찬양의 대상. 달성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 amazement: 놀람, 소스라침. 돌다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다, avert: 피하다, 돌리다, 막다. 포위하다. chamber: 약실, 방, 소실, 침실, 변호사 excessive: 과도한, 극단적인, 사무실, 의원, 의회, 회의장, 회의실, 터무니없는, 과도의. 회의소, 회관. handling: 취급, 수법, 조종, 손에 combine: 결합시키다, 겸하다, 대기, 운용, 처리, 손을 댐.

infer: 추론하다, 의미하다, 암시하다, 추단하다, 추측하다. interrupt: 방해하다, 가로막다, 중단하다, 중단시키다, 끼어들다, 일시 정지, 도중에서 방해하다, 저지하다. ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 많음, 양. piled: 보풀이 있는. wanting: 모자라는, 부족한, 지혜가 모자라는, 이 없이.

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which I had seen, and that ocean which I believe to be, inwardly in my memory, and that, with the same vast spaces between, as if I saw them abroad. Yet did not I by seeing draw them into myself, when with mine eyes I beheld them; nor are they themselves with me, but their images only. And I know by what sense of the body each was impressed upon me.% Yet not these alone does the unmeasurable capacity of my memory retain. Here also is all, learnt of the liberal sciences and as yet unforgotten; removed as it were to some inner place, which is yet no place: nor are they the images thereof, but the things themselves. For, what is literature, what the art of disputing, how many kinds of questions there be, whatsoever of these I know, in such manner exists in my memory, as that I have not taken in the image, and left out the thing, or that it should have sounded and passed away like a voice fixed on the ear by that impress, whereby it might be recalled, as if it sounded, when it no longer sounded; or as a smell while it passes and evaporates into air affects the sense of smell, whence it conveys into the memory an image of itself, which remembering, we renew, or as meat, which verily in the belly hath now no taste, and yet in the memory still in a manner tasteth; or as any thing which the body by touch perceiveth, and which when removed from us, the memory still conceives. For those things are not transmitted into the memory, but their images only are with an admirable swiftness caught up, and stored as it were in wondrous cabinets, and thence wonderfully by the act of remembering, brought forth. But now when I hear that there be three kinds of questions, “Whether the thing be? what it is? of what kind it is? I do indeed hold the images of the sounds of which those words be composed, and that those sounds, with a noise passed through the air, and now are not. But the things themselves which are signified by those sounds, I never reached with any sense of my body, nor ever discerned them otherwise than in my mind; yet in my memory have I laid up not their images, but themselves. Which how they entered into me, let them say if they can; for I have gone over all the avenues of my flesh, but cannot find by which they entered. For the eyes say, “If those images were coloured, we

Korean cabinets: 캐비닛. coloured: 색의, 착색한, 수상쩍은, 과장한, 유색인, 채색되어 있는, 문장을 꾸민, 유색의. composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 차분한. fixed: 부정하게 결정된, 응고된, 짬짜미의, 고정된, 내밀히 결정된, 결정된, 충분히 마련되어, 충분히 지급되어, 응고한. impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적,

징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 회복하다, 다시 시작되다, 되찾다, 징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다. 되풀이 하다. impressed: 감명을 받아, 감명하여. retain: 보유하다, 간직하다, 고용하다, noise: 소음, 잡음, 소리, 평판, 소리를 존속시키다, 유지하다, 종자, 잊지 내다, 시끄러움, 야단, 떠들다, 소란, 않고 있다, 부하, 보지하다, 마음에 소문을 내다, 소문을 퍼뜨리다. 간직하다, 기억하고 있다. removed: 떨어진, 먼, 촌의, 관계가 먼, taste: 시식, 취미, 맛보다, 맛, 미각, 등친의, 제거된, 죽은, 거리가 떨어진. 기호, 의 맛이 나다, 풍미, 한 입, renew: 재개하다, 갱신하다, 풍미가 있다, 한 번 맛보기. 갱생시키다, 고쳐 쓰다, 다시 vast: 광대한, 막대한, 거대한, 대단한, 시작하다, 일신하다, 되풀이하다, 굉장한, 광활한 넓이.

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reported of them.” The ears say, “If they sound, we gave knowledge of them.” The nostrils say, “If they smell, they passed by us.” The taste says, “Unless they have a savour, ask me not.” The touch says, “If it have not size, I handled it not; if %I handled it not, I gave no notice of it.” Whence and how entered these things into my memory? I know not how. For when I learned them, I gave not credit to another man’s mind, but recognised them in mine; and approving them for true, I commended them to it, laying them up as it were, whence I might bring them forth when I willed. In my heart then they were, even before I learned them, but in my memory they were not. Where then? or wherefore, when they were spoken, did I acknowledge them, and said, “So is it, it is true,” unless that they were already in the memory, but so thrown back and buried as it were in deeper recesses, that had not the suggestion of another drawn them forth I had perchance been unable to conceive of them? Wherefore we find, that to learn these things whereof we imbibe nor the images by our senses, but perceive within by themselves, without images, as they are, is nothing else, but by conception, to receive, and by marking to take heed that those things which the memory did before contain at random and unarranged, be laid up at hand as it were in that same memory where before they lay unknown, scattered and neglected, and so readily occur to the mind familiarised to them. And how many things of this kind does my memory bear which have been already found out, and as I said, placed as it were at hand, which we are said to have learned and come to know which were I for some short space of time to cease to call to mind, they are again so buried, and glide back, as it were, into the deeper recesses, that they must again, as if new, he thought out thence, for other abode they have none: but they must be drawn together again, that they may be known; that is to say, they must as it were be collected together from their dispersion: whence the word “cogitation” is derived. For cogo (collect) and cogito (re-collect) have the same relation to each other as ago and agito, facio and factito. But the mind hath appropriated to itself this word (cogitation), so that, not what is “collected” any how, but what is “recollected,” i.e., brought together, in the mind, is properly said to be cogitated, or thought upon.

Korean acknowledge: 받았음을 알리다, 승인하다, 인정하다, 감사하다, 사례하다, 알아 차렸음을 알리다, 확인하다. approving: 시인하는. collected: 모은, 침착한, 수집한, 태연자약. conception: 임신, 구상, 착상, 개념, 태아, 창안, 생각, 고안, 계획, 개념작용, 개념 작용. derived: 유래된, 파생된.

dispersion: 분산, 산란, 분포, 산포, 흩뜨림. glide: 활주, 미끄러지다, 미끄러짐, 활공, 미끄러뜨리다, 활주하다, 미끄럼길, 미끄럼대, 점차로 변하다, 미끄러지듯 달리게 하다, 활공시키다. i.e.: 즉 다시말하면. imbibe: 마시다, 흡수하다, 섭취하다, 동화하다, 받아 들이다. marking: 표, 점, 반문, 채점하기, 답안 따위를 채점하기.

random: 닥치는 대로의, 되는 대로의, 마구잡이, 임의의, 무작위의, 엉터리의. relation: 관계, 이야기, 관련, 고발, 설화, 교섭, 성교, 친척관계, 친척, 친족관계, 진술. scattered: 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 산발적인, 산만한, 산재해 있는, 드문드문 있는. suggestion: 암시, 유발, 투, 제안, 기미, 생각남, 암시되어진 사람, 생각하기, 제의.

Augustine

163

The memory containeth also reasons and laws innumerable of numbers and dimensions, none of which hath any bodily sense impressed; seeing they have neither colour, nor sound, nor taste, nor smell, nor touch. I have heard the sound of the words whereby when discussed they are denoted: but the sounds are other than the things. For the sounds are other in Greek than in Latin; but the things are neither Greek, nor Latin, nor any other language. I have seen the lines of architects, the very finest, like a spider’s thread; but those are still different, they are not the images of those lines which the eye of flesh showed me: he knoweth them, whosoever without any conception whatsoever of a body, recognises them within himself. I have perceived also the numbers of the things with which we number all the senses of my body; but those numbers wherewith we number are different, nor are they the images of these, and therefore they indeed are. Let him who seeth them not, deride me for saying these things, and I will pity him, while he derides me.% All these things I remember, and how I learnt them I remember. Many things also most falsely objected against them have I heard, and remember; which though they be false, yet is it not false that I remember them; and I remember also that I have discerned betwixt those truths and these falsehoods objected to them. And I perceive that the present discerning of these things is different from remembering that I oftentimes discerned them, when I often thought upon them. I both remember then to have often understood these things; and what I now discern and understand, I lay up in my memory, that hereafter I may remember that I understand it now. So then I remember also to have remembered; as if hereafter I shall call to remembrance, that I have now been able to remember these things, by the force of memory shall I call it to remembrance. The same memory contains also the affections of my mind, not in the same manner that my mind itself contains them, when it feels them; but far otherwise, according to a power of its own. For without rejoicing I remember myself to have joyed; and without sorrow do I recollect my past sorrow. And that I once feared, I review without fear; and without desire call to mind a past desire. Sometimes, on the contrary, with joy do I remember my fore-past sorrow, and

Korean eye: 눈, 시력, 탐정, 안식, 눈 모양의 작풍, 예절, 양식, 생활 양식, 종류, 기타의 점의. 것, 눈매, 주목, 잘 보다, 레이더 예의. review: 회고, 비평, 평론을 쓰다, 수상기, 보는눈, 자세히 보다. memory: 추억, 기억, 기념, 기억력, 복습, 검열하다, 관찰, 평론, 재조사, false: 가짜의, 가락이 맞지 않는, 죽은 뒤의 명성, 영, 기억의 범위, 연습, 재검토, 비평하다. 거짓의, 틀린, 부정의, 가의, 임시의, 개인의 기억력, 메모리, 사후의 명성, thread: 실, 실에 꿰다, 실을 꿰다, 불성실한, 꾸민, 그릇된, 의사의. 기억의 시간적범위. 재봉실, 나삿니를 내다, 섬유, 끈 실, lay: 놓다, 위치, 직업, 일, 지형, 노래, none: 아무도 ... 않다. 섬조, 누비듯이지나가다, 연속, 가는 속인의, 꼬인자리, 고정시키다, otherwise: 그렇지 않으면, 다른, 달리, 것. 과하다, 넘어뜨리다. 다른 상태로, 딴 방법으로, touch: 촉감, 가벼운 병, 기항하다, lines: 벌과, 단시, 윤곽. 딴점에서는, 다른 방법으로, 다른 언급하다, 가필하다, 감동시키다, manner: 방법, 방식, 풍습, 태도, 다소, 방법의, 기타의 점에서, 그렇지 않는, 접촉, 촉진, 대다, 접촉하다, 만지다.

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with sorrow, joy. Which is not wonderful, as to the body; for mind is one thing, body another. If I therefore with joy remember some past pain of body, it is not so wonderful. But now seeing this very memory itself is mind (for when we give a thing in charge, to be kept in memory, we say, “See that you keep it in mind”; and when we forget, we say, “It did not come to my mind,” and, “It slipped out of my mind,” calling the memory itself the mind); this being so, how is it that when with joy I remember my past sorrow, the mind hath joy, the memory hath sorrow; the mind upon the joyfulness which is in it, is joyful, yet the memory upon the sadness which is in it, is not sad? Does the memory perchance not belong to the mind? Who will say so? The memory then is, as it were, the belly of the mind, and joy and sadness, like sweet and bitter food; which, when committed to the memory, are as it were passed into the belly, where they may be stowed, but cannot taste. Ridiculous it is to imagine these to be alike; and yet are they not utterly unlike.% But, behold, out of my memory I bring it, when I say there be four perturbations of the mind, desire, joy, fear, sorrow; and whatsoever I can dispute thereon, by dividing each into its subordinate species, and by defining it, in my memory find I what to say, and thence do I bring it: yet am I not disturbed by any of these perturbations, when by calling them to mind, I remember them; yea, and before I recalled and brought them back, they were there; and therefore could they, by recollection, thence be brought. Perchance, then, as meat is by chewing the cud brought up out of the belly, so by recollection these out of the memory. Why then does not the disputer, thus recollecting, taste in the mouth of his musing the sweetness of joy, or the bitterness of sorrow? Is the comparison unlike in this, because not in all respects like? For who would willingly speak thereof, if so oft as we name grief or fear, we should be compelled to be sad or fearful? And yet could we not speak of them, did we not find in our memory, not only the sounds of the names according to the images impressed by the senses of the body, but notions of the very things themselves which we never received by any avenue of the body, but which the mind itself perceiving by the experience of its own passions, committed to the memory, or the memory of itself retained, without being committed unto it.

Korean alike: 똑같은, 같은, 같게, 같이, 서로 같은. committed: 언질을 주어, 헌신적인, 전렴하는, 꼼짝못할 입장이 되어, 명확한 태도를 가진, 약속하여, 전념하는. dispute: 논쟁, 논쟁하다, 분쟁, 싸우다, 다투다, 의론하다, 의논하다, 반론하다, 겨루다, 논하다, 의심을 품다. disturbed: 교란된, 정신장애자,

사란한, 산란한, 정서장애가 있는, ridiculous: 웃기는, 우스운, 터무니 정서장애자, 정신장애가 있는. 없이, 터무니 없는, 어리석은, dividing: 나누는, 구분적인. 우스꽝스러운. forget: 잊다, 잊어버리다, 게을리하다, sad: 진지한, 슬픈, 어두운, 지독한, 잊고 두고오다, 깜빡 잊다, 말할 것을 우중충충한, 설구워진, 어이없는, 잊다, 잊고 두고가다. 슬퍼하는, 칙칙한, 언어도단의, 잘 joyful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 기쁜. 부풀지 않은. recollection: 회상, 기억, 추억, 회고록, subordinate: 종속의, 종속하는 사람, 상기, 회고, 옛날을 생각케 하는 것, 경시하다, 부수하는, 종속시키다, 마음의 평정, 기억력. 하위의, 하위에 두다, 아래의, 종속자, respects: 인사. 밑에 두다, 종속적인.

Augustine

165

But %whether by images or no, who can readily say? Thus, I name a stone, I name the sun, the things themselves not being present to my senses, but their images to my memory. I name a bodily pain, yet it is not present with me, when nothing aches: yet unless its image were present to my memory, I should not know what to say thereof, nor in discoursing discern pain from pleasure. I name bodily health; being sound in body, the thing itself is present with me; yet, unless its image also were present in my memory, I could by no means recall what the sound of this name should signify. Nor would the sick, when health were named, recognise what were spoken, unless the same image were by the force of memory retained, although the thing itself were absent from the body. I name numbers whereby we number; and not their images, but themselves are present in my memory. I name the image of the sun, and that image is present in my memory. For I recall not the image of its image, but the image itself is present to me, calling it to mind. I name memory, and I recognise what I name. And where do I recognise it, but in the memory itself? Is it also present to itself by its image, and not by itself? What, when I name forgetfulness, and withal recognise what I name? whence should I recognise it, did I not remember it? I speak not of the sound of the name, but of the thing which it signifies: which if I had forgotten, I could not recognise what that sound signifies. When then I remember memory, memory itself is, through itself, present with itself: but when I remember forgetfulness, there are present both memory and forgetfulness; memory whereby I remember, forgetfulness which I remember. But what is forgetfulness, but the privation of memory? How then is it present that I remember it, since when present I cannot remember? But if what we remember we hold it in memory, yet, unless we did remember forgetfulness, we could never at the hearing of the name recognise the thing thereby signified, then forgetfulness is retained by memory. Present then it is, that we forget not, and being so, we forget. It is to be understood from this that forgetfulness when we remember it, is not present to the memory by itself but by its image: because if it were present by itself, it would not cause us to remember, but to forget. Who now shall search out this? who shall comprehend how it is?

Korean hearing: 청력, 듣기, 들어주기, 들리는 육체적 쾌락, 육체적 쾌락, 예시하다, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의 거리, 청각, 경청, 가청거리, 청위, 만족시키다. 전조가 되다. 청취, 들리는 범위, 심문. search: 찾다, 뒤지다, 검색, 조사하다, stone: 핵, 에 돌을 던지다, 돌의, 석재, image: 상, 영상, 심상, 전형, 조상, 탐색하다, 몸수색하다, 구하다, 결석, 돌, 보석, 스톤, 숫돌, 석조의, 초상, 화상, 상징, 이미지, 모습, 표상. 속속들이 스며들다, 살피다, 유심히 돌을 깔다. named: 유명한, 지명된, 지정의. 보다, 조사. sun: 항성, 태양, 햇볕에 쬐다, pain: 고통, 아픔, 형벌, 애쓰다, 고뇌, sick: 창백한, 병의, 병자용의, 일광욕하다, 날, 헷빛, 태양처럼 괴로움, 고생한 값으로, 고생, 에게 욕지기가 나는, 그리워하는, 넌더리 빛나는 것, 양지쪽, 햇빛, 영광, 해. 고통을 주다, 아프다, 벌. 나는, 상태가 좋지 않은, 싫증이 나는, thereby: 그 때문에, 그것에 의해서, pleasure: 기호, 오락, 의지, 쾌락, 토하다, 병자의, 싫증이 나서. 그것에 의하여, 그것에 관하여, 그 즐거움, 욕구, 유쾌, 즐기다, 특히 signify: 의미하다, 중대하다, 근처에.

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Lord, %I, truly, toil therein, yea and toil in myself; I am become a heavy soil requiring over much sweat of the brow. For we are not now searching out the regions of heaven, or measuring the distances of the stars, or enquiring the balancings of the earth. It is I myself who remember, I the mind. It is not so wonderful, if what I myself am not, be far from me. But what is nearer to me than myself? And to, the force of mine own memory is not understood by me; though I cannot so much as name myself without it. For what shall I say, when it is clear to me that I remember forgetfulness? Shall I say that that is not in my memory, which I remember? or shall I say that forgetfulness is for this purpose in my memory, that I might not forget? Both were most absurd. What third way is there? How can I say that the image of forgetfulness is retained by my memory, not forgetfulness itself, when I remember it? How could I say this either, seeing that when the image of any thing is impressed on the memory, the thing itself must needs be first present, whence that image may be impressed? For thus do I remember Carthage, thus all places where I have been, thus men’s faces whom I have seen, and things reported by the other senses; thus the health or sickness of the body. For when these things were present, my memory received from them images, which being present with me, I might look on and bring back in my mind, when I remembered them in their absence. If then this forgetfulness is retained in the memory through its image, not through itself, then plainly itself was once present, that its image might be taken. But when it was present, how did it write its image in the memory, seeing that forgetfulness by its presence effaces even what it finds already noted? And yet, in whatever way, although that way be past conceiving and explaining, yet certain am I that I remember forgetfulness itself also, whereby what we remember is effaced. Great is the power of memory, a fearful thing, O my God, a deep and boundless manifoldness; and this thing is the mind, and this am I myself. What am I then, O my God? What nature am I? A life various and manifold, and exceeding immense. Behold in the plains, and caves, and caverns of my memory, innumerable and innumerably full of innumerable kinds of things, either through images, as all bodies; or by actual presence, as the arts; or by certain notions or impressions, as the affections of the mind, which, even when

Korean actual: 현실의, 현재의, 실제의, 실상, 현실, 현행의. arts: 예술. brow: 이마, 눈썹, 벼랑 꼭대기, 벼랑, 얼굴. deep: 깊은, 심원한, 심연, 마음으로부터의, 목소리가 굵고 낮은, 몰두해 있는, 심한, 깊숙이, 깊이 파묻힌, 음험한, 색이 짙은. immense: 광대한, 거대한, 훌륭한, 한없는, 막대한, 광대하다, 멋진, 이루

헤아릴수 없는, 굉장히, 굉장한, 아주. innumerably: 무수한, 이루 셀 수 없는. mine: 광산, 풍부한 자원, 지뢰, 나의 것, 기뢰, 나의 가족들 광산, 철광, 보고, 광갱, 비밀수단으로 파괴하다, 비밀수단으로 뒤엎다. plains: 평지, 야지. presence: 존재, 출석, 면전, 풍채, 있음, 유령, 있는 곳, 임장감, 위험 따위의 근접, 대면, 근접.

received: 용인된, 받아들여진, 일반적으로 인정된, 믿어지고 있는. searching: 수색, 엄중한, 날카로운, 수색하는, 몸에 스며드는. soil: 오물, 더러워지다, 더럽히다, 흙, 토양, 비료, 타락시키다, 얼룩을 묻히다, 생육지, 토지, 더럼. sweat: 땀, 고역, 혹사하다, 걱정하여, 땀 흘려 일하다, 열심히 일하여, 고문하다, 땀으로 적시다, 땀을 흘리게 하다, 땀을 흘리다, 물기.

Augustine

167

the %mind doth not feel, the memory retaineth, while yet whatsoever is in the memory is also in the mind—over all these do I run, I fly; I dive on this side and on that, as far as I can, and there is no end. So great is the force of memory, so great the force of life, even in the mortal life of man. What shall I do then, O Thou my true life, my God? I will pass even beyond this power of mine which is called memory: yea, I will pass beyond it, that I may approach unto Thee, O sweet Light. What sayest Thou to me? See, I am mounting up through my mind towards Thee who abidest above me. Yea, I now will pass beyond this power of mine which is called memory, desirous to arrive at Thee, whence Thou mayest be arrived at; and to cleave unto Thee, whence one may cleave unto Thee. For even beasts and birds have memory; else could they not return to their dens and nests, nor many other things they are used unto: nor indeed could they be used to any thing, but by memory. I will pass then beyond memory also, that I may arrive at Him who hath separated me from the four-footed beasts and made me wiser than the fowls of the air, I will pass beyond memory also, and where shall I find Thee, Thou truly good and certain sweetness? And where shall I find Thee? If I find Thee without my memory, then do I not retain Thee in my memory. And how shall I find Thee, if I remember Thee not? For the woman that had lost her groat, and sought it with a light; unless she had remembered it, she had never found it. For when it was found, whence should she know whether it were the same, unless she remembered it? I remember to have sought and found many a thing; and this I thereby know, that when I was seeking any of them, and was asked, “Is this it?” “Is that it?” so long said I “No,” until that were offered me which I sought. Which had I not remembered (whatever it were) though it were offered me, yet should I not find it, because I could not recognise it. And so it ever is, when we seek and find any lost thing. Notwithstanding, when any thing is by chance lost from the sight, not from the memory (as any visible body), yet its image is still retained within, and it is sought until it be restored to sight; and when it is found, it is recognised by the image which is within: nor do we say that we have found what was lost, unless we recognise it; nor can we recognise it, unless we remember it. But this was lost to the eyes, but retained in the memory.

Korean beyond: 저쪽편에, 외에-저편, 내세, 이치지 않는-저쪽에, 넘어서, 이외는, 이상으로, 저편에, 을 넘어서, 을 지나서, 의 범위를 넘어서. dive: 몰두, 몰두하다, 뛰어들다, 잠수, 갑자기없어지다, 다이빙, 급강하, 탐구, 짐수하다, 잠수시키다, 짜고 하는 녹아웃. fly: 날다, 파리, 날리다, 조종하다, 달아나다, 순식간에없어지다, 비행하다, 비행, 도망하다, 달리다,

펄럭이다. 시력, 목격, 웃음거리, 힐끗봄, 광경, mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 경치. 장비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치. unless: 을 제외하고, 외에는, 을 pass: 수로, 통용하다, 합격하다, 제외하면, 이 아닌 한, 하는 일 지나다, 고개, 산길, 변화하다, 물길, 없이는, 만약...이 아니면. 고갯길, 경과하다, 요충지. visible: 눈에 보이는, 명백한, 면회할 seek: 찾다, 와의 교제를바라다, 수 있는, 눈에 보이는 것, 방문자를 탐구하다, 구하다, 에 가다, 면회할 수 있는, 빈번하게 뉴스에 하고자하다, 추구하다, 수색하다, 나오는, 곧 쓸 수 있는, 시각적으로 노력하다, 얻으려 하다, 탐색하다. 표시된. sight: 시계, 봄, 구경거리, 시각, 일견,

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But%what when the memory itself loses any thing, as falls out when we forget and seek that we may recollect? Where in the end do we search, but in the memory itself? and there, if one thing be perchance offered instead of another, we reject it, until what we seek meets us; and when it doth, we say, “This is it”; which we should not unless we recognised it, nor recognise it unless we remembered it. Certainly then we had forgotten it. Or, had not the whole escaped us, but by the part whereof we had hold, was the lost part sought for; in that the memory felt that it did not carry on together all which it was wont, and maimed, as it were, by the curtailment of its ancient habit, demanded the restoration of what it missed? For instance, if we see or think of some one known to us, and having forgotten his name, try to recover it; whatever else occurs, connects itself not therewith; because it was not wont to be thought upon together with him, and therefore is rejected, until that present itself, whereon the knowledge reposes equably as its wonted object. And whence does that present itself, but out of the memory itself? for even when we recognise it, on being reminded by another, it is thence it comes. For we do not believe it as something new, but, upon recollection, allow what was named to be right. But were it utterly blotted out of the mind, we should not remember it, even when reminded. For we have not as yet utterly forgotten that, which we remember ourselves to have forgotten. What then we have utterly forgotten, though lost, we cannot even seek after. How then do I seek Thee, O Lord? For when I seek Thee, my God, I seek a happy life. I will seek Thee, that my soul may live. For my body liveth by my soul; and my soul by Thee. How then do I seek a happy life, seeing I have it not, until I can say, where I ought to say it, “It is enough”? How seek I it? By remembrance, as though I had forgotten it, remembering that I had forgotten it? Or, desiring to learn it as a thing unknown, either never having known, or so forgotten it, as not even to remember that I had forgotten it? is not a happy life what all will, and no one altogether wills it not? where have they known it, that they so will it? where seen it, that they so love it? Truly we have it, how, I know not. Yea, there is another way, wherein when one hath it, then is he happy; and there are, who are blessed, in hope. These have it in a lower kind, than they who

Korean allow: 허용하다, 인정하다, 참작하다, 할인하다, 학자.수당을 주다, 수당을 주다, 학자, 이라고 생각하다, 공제하다, 사정 등을 참작하다, 을 지급하다. ancient: 옛날의, 고래의, 늙은, 고대의, 기수, 헌, 구식의, 노령의. curtailment: 단축, 삭감, 줄임. equably: 고요하게, 균등하게, 평온하게. escaped: 도망한, 탈주한.

instead: 의 대신에, 그 대신으로서. learn: 배우다, 익히다, 외다, 알다, 가르치다, 듣다. object: 대상, 목적, 물건, 목적어, 물체, 객관, 반대하다, 싫어하다, 불쌍한, 반대 이유로 들다, 감정 따위의 대상. ought: 영, 하기로 되어있다, 해야만 한다, 하기로 되어 있다, 빚이 있다, 하여야 한다, 지고 있다, 의무를 지고 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 을 반제할 의무가 있다, 일 것이다.

ourselves: 우리자신, 우리 스스로, 우리들 자신에게, 우리들 자신을, 평상시의 우리들, 평소의 우리들. restoration: 회복, 복원, 복구, 복직, 복위, 수복, 반환, 부활, 본래의상태로 돌아감, 만민구제, 복고. unknown: 알려지지 않은, 미지수, 미지의, 미지의 인물, 불명의, 알 수 없는, 모르는, 미지 사물, 무명, 세상에 알려지지 않은 것, 세상에 알려지지 않은 사람.

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have%it in very deed; yet are they better off than such as are happy neither in deed nor in hope. Yet even these, had they it not in some sort, would not so will to be happy, which that they do will, is most certain. They have known it then, I know not how, and so have it by some sort of knowledge, what, I know not, and am perplexed whether it be in the memory, which if it be, then we have been happy once; whether all severally, or in that man who first sinned, in whom also we all died, and from whom we are all born with misery, I now enquire not; but only, whether the happy life be in the memory? For neither should we love it, did we not know it. We hear the name, and we all confess that we desire the thing; for we are not delighted with the mere sound. For when a Greek hears it in Latin, he is not delighted, not knowing what is spoken; but we Latins are delighted, as would he too, if he heard it in Greek; because the thing itself is neither Greek nor Latin, which Greeks and Latins, and men of all other tongues, long for so earnestly. Known therefore it is to all, for they with one voice be asked, “would they be happy?” they would answer without doubt, “they would.” And this could not be, unless the thing itself whereof it is the name were retained in their memory. But is it so, as one remembers Carthage who hath seen it? No. For a happy life is not seen with the eye, because it is not a body. As we remember numbers then? No. For these, he that hath in his knowledge, seeks not further to attain unto; but a happy life we have in our knowledge, and therefore love it, and yet still desire to attain it, that we may be happy. As we remember eloquence then? No. For although upon hearing this name also, some call to mind the thing, who still are not yet eloquent, and many who desire to be so, whence it appears that it is in their knowledge; yet these have by their bodily senses observed others to be eloquent, and been delighted, and desire to be the like (though indeed they would not be delighted but for some inward knowledge thereof, nor wish to be the like, unless they were thus delighted); whereas a happy life, we do by no bodily sense experience in others. As then we remember joy? Perchance; for my joy I remember, even when sad, as a happy life, when unhappy; nor did I ever with bodily sense see, hear, smell, taste, or touch my joy; but I experienced it in my mind, when I rejoiced; and the knowledge of it clave to my memory, so that I

Korean answer: 대답하다, 일치하다, 책임을 청취하다, 재판하다, 방청하다, 지다, 풀다, 응하다, 부합하다, 대답, 소문으로 듣다, 승낙하다, 에 관해 해답, 고개를 끄덕여 대답하다, 들어 알고 있다, 을 듣다, 이 들리다. 성공하다, 보증하다. knowledge: 지식, 학식, 이해, 학문, born: 타고난, 태어난, 으로 태어난. 견문, 인식, 인생 따위의 경험, 경험. experienced: 노련한, 경험을 가진, mere: 호수, 단순한, 에 불과한, 못, 체험된, 경험있는, 숙련된. 명색뿐인, 에 지나지 않는, 전적인 happy: 적절한, 행복한, 교묘한, 호수. 행운의, 유쾌한, 즐거운, 행복하다, sound: 소리, 수심을 재다, 소음, 다행한, 얼근히 취한, 행복을 더 하는. 건전한, 해협, 타진하다, 알리다, hear: 들어주다, 듣다, 들리다, 부레, 인상, 확실한, 울리다.

whereas: 그런데, 그러나, 을 고려하면, 이에 반하여, 인 까닭에, 이므로, 에 반하여. whom: 어느 것, 어느 사람, 누구의 목적격. wish: 소원, 바라다, 빌다, 기원, 이기를 빌다, 떠맡기다, 면 좋겠다고 생각하다, 기원 하다, 바람, 희망하다, 바라는 바.

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can recall it with disgust sometimes, at others with longing, according to the nature of the things, wherein I remember myself to have joyed. For even from foul things have I been immersed in a sort of joy; which now recalling, I detest and execrate; otherwhiles in good and honest things, which I recall with longing, although perchance no longer present; and therefore with sadness I recall former joy.% Where then and when did I experience my happy life, that I should remember, and love, and long for it? Nor is it I alone, or some few besides, but we all would fain be happy; which, unless by some certain knowledge we knew, we should not with so certain a will desire. But how is this, that if two men be asked whether they would go to the wars, one, perchance, would answer that he would, the other, that he would not; but if they were asked whether they would be happy, both would instantly without any doubting say they would; and for no other reason would the one go to the wars, and the other not, but to be happy. Is it perchance that as one looks for his joy in this thing, another in that, all agree in their desire of being happy, as they would (if they were asked) that they wished to have joy, and this joy they call a happy life? Although then one obtains this joy by one means, another by another, all have one end, which they strive to attain, namely, joy. Which being a thing which all must say they have experienced, it is therefore found in the memory, and recognised whenever the name of a happy life is mentioned. Far be it, Lord, far be it from the heart of Thy servant who here confesseth unto Thee, far be it, that, be the joy what it may, I should therefore think myself happy. For there is a joy which is not given to the ungodly, but to those who love Thee for Thine own sake, whose joy Thou Thyself art. And this is the happy life, to rejoice to Thee, of Thee, for Thee; this is it, and there is no other. For they who think there is another, pursue some other and not the true joy. Yet is not their will turned away from some semblance of joy. It is not certain then that all wish to be happy, inasmuch as they who wish not to joy in Thee, which is the only happy life, do not truly desire the happy life. Or do all men desire this, but because the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the

Korean agree: 일치하다, 동의하다, 찬성하다, 합의에 달하다, 맞다, 합치하다, 합의에 도달하다, 합의 하다, 의견이 일치하다, 부합하다, 마음이 맞다. detest: 미워하다, 싫어하다, 혐오하다. disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움, 정떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다역겨움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다. execrate: 저주하다, 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 비난하다. few: 별로없는, 적은, 거의 없는,

조금은 있는, 수가 적은. honest: 정직한, 섞지않은, 성실한, 진짜의, 평판이 좋은, 거짓이 없는, 기특한. immersed: 열중해서, 잠긴, 물속에서 자라는. mentioned: 상기한, 언급한, 말하는. present: 선물, 있는, 현재의, 현재 시제, 겨누다, 소개하다, 추천하다, 현재, 내놓다, 배알시키다, 상연하다. pursue: 추구하다, 수행하다,

추적하다, 속행하다, 찾아 가다, 쫓아가다, 따라가다, 소송하다, 길을 따라가다, 계속해서 말하다. semblance: 유사, 외관, 겉꾸밈, 외형, 허울. strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰다. turned: 녹로로 세공한, 돌린, 거꾸러 된. whenever: 할 때에는 언제든지, 할때는 언제나, 도대체 언제.

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Spirit%against the flesh, that they cannot do what they would, they fall upon that which they can, and are content therewith; because, what they are not able to do, they do not will so strongly as would suffice to make them able? For I ask any one, had he rather joy in truth, or in falsehood? They will as little hesitate to say “in the truth,” as to say “that they desire to be happy,” for a happy life is joy in the truth: for this is a joying in Thee, Who art the Truth, O God my light, health of my countenance, my God. This is the happy life which all desire; this life which alone is happy, all desire; to joy in the truth all desire. I have met with many that would deceive; who would be deceived, no one. Where then did they know this happy life, save where they know the truth also? For they love it also, since they would not be deceived. And when they love a happy life, which is no other than joying in the truth, then also do they love the truth; which yet they would not love, were there not some notice of it in their memory. Why then joy they not in it? why are they not happy? because they are more strongly taken up with other things which have more power to make them miserable, than that which they so faintly remember to make them happy. For there is yet a little light in men; let them walk, let them walk, that the darkness overtake them not. But why doth “truth generate hatred,” and the man of Thine, preaching the truth, become an enemy to them? whereas a happy life is loved, which is nothing else but joying in the truth; unless that truth is in that kind loved, that they who love anything else would gladly have that which they love to be the truth: and because they would not be deceived, would not be convinced that they are so? Therefore do they hate the truth for that thing’s sake which they loved instead of the truth. They love truth when she enlightens, they hate her when she reproves. For since they would not be deceived, and would deceive, they love her when she discovers herself unto them, and hate her when she discovers them. Whence she shall so repay them, that they who would not be made manifest by her, she both against their will makes manifest, and herself becometh not manifest unto them. Thus, thus, yea thus doth the mind of man, thus blind and sick, foul and ill-favoured, wish to be hidden, but that aught should be hidden from it, it wills not. But the contrary is requited it, that itself should not be hidden from the Truth; but the Truth is hid from it. Yet even thus miserable, it had rather joy in

Korean blind: 맹목적인, 눈먼, 발, 숨은, 어리석은, 이성을 잃은, 차일, 커튼, 문, 막다른-눈멀게 하다, 눈멀게 하다. content: 내용, 용적, 함유량, 차례, 만족하여, 찬성하여, 만족, 내용물, 속알맹이, 흐뭇해하여-만족, 찬성투표. convinced: 확신을 가진, 신념이 있는. enemy: 적, 적군적함, 원수, 악마, 적병, 적의, 해를 주는 것, 적국의.

generate: 일으키다, 이루다, 산출하다, 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 생성하다, 생기다, 발생시키다, 낳다. 따위를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 hate: 미워하다, 증오, 좋아하지 않다, 뒤따라 잡다, 재난 따위가 몹시 싫어하다, 따돌리다, 증오의 엄습해오다, 차가 추월을 하다, 대상, 미움. 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭풍우 hesitate: 주저하다, 망설이다. 따위가 엄습해오다. ill-favoured: 못생긴. strongly: 강하게, 튼튼하게, 열심히, notice: 통지, 게시, 주의, 주의하다, 맹렬히, 공고히, 강경히, 강경하게, 고시, 통지하다, 언급하다, 후대, 격심하게. 예고, 주목하다, 통보. suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 만족시키다, 족하다.

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truths than in falsehoods. Happy then will it be, when, no distraction interposing, it shall joy in that only Truth, by Whom all things are true.% See what a space I have gone over in my memory seeking Thee, O Lord; and I have not found Thee, without it. Nor have I found any thing concerning Thee, but what I have kept in memory, ever since I learnt Thee. For since I learnt Thee, I have not forgotten Thee. For where I found Truth, there found I my God, the Truth itself; which since I learnt, I have not forgotten. Since then I learnt Thee, Thou residest in my memory; and there do I find Thee, when I call Thee to remembrance, and delight in Thee. These be my holy delights, which Thou hast given me in Thy mercy, having regard to my poverty. But where in my memory residest Thou, O Lord, where residest Thou there? what manner of lodging hast Thou framed for Thee? what manner of sanctuary hast Thou builded for Thee? Thou hast given this honour to my memory, to reside in it; but in what quarter of it Thou residest, that am I considering. For in thinking on Thee, I passed beyond such parts of it as the beasts also have, for I found Thee not there among the images of corporeal things: and I came to those parts to which I committed the affections of my mind, nor found Thee there. And I entered into the very seat of my mind (which it hath in my memory, inasmuch as the mind remembers itself also), neither wert Thou there: for as Thou art not a corporeal image, nor the affection of a living being (as when we rejoice, condole, desire, fear, remember, forget, or the like); so neither art Thou the mind itself; because Thou art the Lord God of the mind; and all these are changed, but Thou remainest unchangeable over all, and yet hast vouchsafed to dwell in my memory, since I learnt Thee. And why seek I now in what place thereof Thou dwellest, as if there were places therein? Sure I am, that in it Thou dwellest, since I have remembered Thee ever since I learnt Thee, and there I find Thee, when I call Thee to remembrance. Where then did I find Thee, that I might learn Thee? For in my memory Thou wert not, before I learned Thee. Where then did I find Thee, that I might learn Thee, but in Thee above me? Place there is none; we go backward and forward, and there is no place. Every where, O Truth, dost Thou give audience

Korean condole: 조위하다, 문상하다, 조상하다, 동정하다, 위안하다. considering: 치고는, 을 생각하면, 비교적, 그런대로, 에 비해서, 이므로, 을 고려하면, 고려한다면. dost: 직설법, 현재. hast: 단수. inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은. living: 생계, 현존의, 생활, 생활에 관한, 목사의 수입, 살림, 살아있는, 현대의, 활기있는, 흐르고 있는,

자연그대로의. passed: 합격한, 지나가 버린. poverty: 가난, 결핍, 불모, 빈약. quarter: 소식통, 숙박시키다, 네갈래로 찢다, 쿼터, 주거, 지구, 짐승의 네 발의 하나, 부서, 십오분, 사분의 한1발, 병사. regard: 관계하다, 점, 관계, 주의, 존경, 주시, 배려, 유의하다, 관심, 호의, 주목하다. reside: 존재하다, 주재하다, 살다,

거주하다, 속하다, 있다, 귀속하다, 성질이 존재하다. sanctuary: 성역, 보호, 피난처, 지성소, 신전, 성소, 성당, 예루살렘 신전, 금렵구, 예루살렘 신전의 지성소, 안식처. seat: 자리, 의석, 좌석, 소재지, 예약석, 의자, 왕권, 승마자세, 왕위, 의원의 지위, 의자의 재료. unchangeable: 변하지 않는, 불변의. wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거.

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to all who ask counsel of Thee, and at once answerest all, though on manifold matters they ask Thy counsel. Clearly dost Thou answer, though all do not clearly hear. All consult Thee on what they will, though they hear not always what they will. He is Thy best servant who looks not so much to hear that from Thee which himself willeth, as rather to will that, which from Thee he heareth.% Too late loved I Thee, O Thou Beauty of ancient days, yet ever new! too late I loved Thee! And behold, Thou wert within, and I abroad, and there I searched for Thee; deformed I, plunging amid those fair forms which Thou hadst made. Thou wert with me, but I was not with Thee. Things held me far from Thee, which, unless they were in Thee, were not at all. Thou calledst, and shoutedst, and burstest my deafness. Thou flashedst, shonest, and scatteredst my blindness. Thou breathedst odours, and I drew in breath and panted for Thee. I tasted, and hunger and thirst. Thou touchedst me, and I burned for Thy peace. When I shall with my whole self cleave to Thee, I shall no where have sorrow or labour; and my life shall wholly live, as wholly full of Thee. But now since whom Thou fillest, Thou liftest up, because I am not full of Thee I am a burden to myself. Lamentable joys strive with joyous sorrows: and on which side is the victory, I know not. Woe is me! Lord, have pity on me. My evil sorrows strive with my good joys; and on which side is the victory, I know not. Woe is me! Lord, have pity on me. Woe is me! lo! I hide not my wounds; Thou art the Physician, I the sick; Thou merciful, I miserable. Is not the life of man upon earth all trial? Who wishes for troubles and difficulties? Thou commandest them to be endured, not to be loved. No man loves what he endures, though he love to endure. For though he rejoices that he endures, he had rather there were nothing for him to endure. In adversity I long for prosperity, in prosperity I fear adversity. What middle place is there betwixt these two, where the life of man is not all trial? Woe to the prosperities of the world, once and again, through fear of adversity, and corruption of joy! Woe to the adversities of the world, once and again, and the third time, from the longing for prosperity, and because adversity itself is a hard thing, and lest it shatter endurance. Is not the life of man upon earth all trial: without any interval?

Korean adversity: 역경, 불행한 일, 불행. breath: 호흡, 숨, 순간, 선들거림, 생기, 향기, 한숨, 산들거림, 무성음, 무성, 은은한 향기. consult: 고려하다, 상의하다, 참고하다, 찾다, 의견을 묻다, 조사하다, 의견을 듣다, 상담하다, 진찰을 받다, 의논하다, 컨설턴트 직을 맡다. deafness: 귀먹음, 귀머거리, 귀를 기울이지 않음.

deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진. difficulties: 항의, 어려움, 곤경, 곤란. fair: 깨끗한, 아름다운, 순조로운, 갠, 정중한, 금발의, 여성, 장애물이 없는, 유망한, 품평회, 철저한. hunger: 굶주림, 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 공복, 갈망, 기근, 배가 고프다, 열망하다, 굶주리게 하다, 열망. peace: 평화, 강화, 안심, 사이좋게, 조용히, 친안, 평온한, 평화로운, 치안, 평온, 조용함.

plunging: 내려쏘는, 뛰어드는. shatter: 파편, 분쇄하다, 상하다, 깨지다, 부서지다, 부수다, 의 마음에 충격을 주다, 파괴하다, 약화하다, 산산이 부수다, 산산 조각이 나다. trial: 시련, 시도, 재판, 곤란, 귀찮은 사람, 시험, 시험의 결과, 심리, 취조를 받고, 재난, 시험적인. victory: 승리, 승리의 여신, 정복.

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And all my hope is no where but in Thy exceeding great mercy. Give what Thou enjoinest, and enjoin what Thou wilt. Thou enjoinest us continency; and when I knew, saith one, that no man can be continent, unless God give it, this also was a part of wisdom to know whose gift she is. By continency verily are we bound up and brought back into One, whence we were dissipated into many. For too little doth he love Thee, who loves any thing with Thee, which he loveth not for Thee. O love, who ever burnest and never consumest! O charity, my God, kindle me. Thou enjoinest continency: give me what Thou enjoinest, and enjoin what Thou wilt.% Verily Thou enjoinest me continency from the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the ambition of the world. Thou enjoinest continency from concubinage; and for wedlock itself, Thou hast counselled something better than what Thou hast permitted. And since Thou gavest it, it was done, even before I became a dispenser of Thy Sacrament. But there yet live in my memory (whereof I have much spoken) the images of such things as my ill custom there fixed; which haunt me, strengthless when I am awake: but in sleep, not only so as to give pleasure, but even to obtain assent, and what is very like reality. Yea, so far prevails the illusion of the image, in my soul and in my flesh, that, when asleep, false visions persuade to that which when waking, the true cannot. Am I not then myself, O Lord my God? And yet there is so much difference betwixt myself and myself, within that moment wherein I pass from waking to sleeping, or return from sleeping to waking! Where is reason then, which, awake, resisteth such suggestions? And should the things themselves be urged on it, it remaineth unshaken. Is it clasped up with the eyes? is it lulled asleep with the senses of the body? And whence is it that often even in sleep we resist, and mindful of our purpose, and abiding most chastely in it, yield no assent to such enticements? And yet so much difference there is, that when it happeneth otherwise, upon waking we return to peace of conscience: and by this very difference discover that we did not, what yet we be sorry that in some way it was done in us. Art Thou not mighty, God Almighty, so as to heal all the diseases of my soul, and by Thy more abundant grace to quench even the impure motions of my

Korean abundant: 풍족한, 남아돌 종도의, 풍요로운, 풍부한. ambition: 대망, 야심의 대상, 패기, 야심, 포부, 열망, 원한, 큰 뜻, 야망, 원기. chastely: 정숙하게, 고상하게. concubinage: 첩의 신분, 축첩, 동서, 정신적 굴종, 첩을 둠, 내연관계, 축첨의 풍습, 축첨. continent: 대륙, 본토, 육지, 성욕을 절제하는, 자제심이 있는, 금욕의,

극기의, 정숙한, 자제하여, 배설 억제 능력이 있는, 금욕적인. enjoin: 과하다, 명령하다, 명하다, 금하다. haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 자주 나타나다. illusion: 환상, 환영, 착각, 환각, 오해, 미망.

impure: 더러운, 부도덕한, 신성하지 않는, 혼색의, 종교적으로 더럽하지, 음단한, 외설한, 불순한, 더러운 불결한순수하지 않은불순물이 섞인, 불순한 부도덕한, 관용적이 아닌. wedlock: 결혼, 결혼 생활. whose: 누구의. yield: 주다, 양도하다, 가져오다, 허락하다, 산출하다, 생산하다, 생기게 하다, 휘다, 따르다, 수확, 수율.

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sleep! Thou wilt increase, Lord, Thy gifts more and more in me, that my soul may follow me to Thee, disentangled from the birdlime of concupiscence; that it rebel not against itself, and even in dreams not only not, through images of sense, commit those debasing corruptions, even to pollution of the flesh, but not even to consent unto them. For that nothing of this sort should have, over the pure affections even of a sleeper, the very least influence, not even such as a thought would restrain, -to work this, not only during life, but even at my present age, is not hard for the Almighty, Who art able to do above all that we ask or think. But what I yet am in this kind of my evil, have I confessed unto my good Lord; rejoicing with trembling, in that which Thou hast given me, and bemoaning that wherein I am still imperfect; hoping that Thou wilt perfect Thy mercies in me, even to perfect peace, which my outward and inward man shall have with Thee, when death shall be swallowed up in victory.% There is another evil of the day, which I would were sufficient for it. For by eating and drinking we repair the daily decays of our body, until Thou destroy both belly and meat, when Thou shalt slay my emptiness with a wonderful fulness, and clothe this incorruptible with an eternal incorruption. But now the necessity is sweet unto me, against which sweetness I fight, that I be not taken captive; and carry on a daily war by fastings; often bringing my body into subjection; and my pains are removed by pleasure. For hunger and thirst are in a manner pains; they burn and kill like a fever, unless the medicine of nourishments come to our aid. Which since it is at hand through the consolations of Thy gifts, with which land, and water, and air serve our weakness, our calamity is termed gratification. This hast Thou taught me, that I should set myself to take food as physic. But while I am passing from the discomfort of emptiness to the content of replenishing, in the very passage the snare of concupiscence besets me. For that passing, is pleasure, nor is there any other way to pass thither, whither we needs must pass. And health being the cause of eating and drinking, there joineth itself as an attendant a dangerous pleasure, which mostly endeavours to go before it, so that I may for her sake do what I say I do, or wish to do, for health’s sake. Nor

Korean attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람. discomfort: 불쾌하게 하다, 불편을 주다, 불쾌. gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족 시키는 것, 만족, 만족시키기 것, 만족시키는 것. imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제,

미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의. 반발하다, 반항자. incorruption: 부패하지 않음, restrain: 구속하다, 억제하다, 청렴결백, 결백, 청렴. 제지하다, 감금하다, 자유를 빼앗다, outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의, 속박하다, 못하게 하다, 누르다, 육체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에, 말리다, 수감하다, 방지하다. 외부, 밖에, 현세적인. sleeper: 자는 사람, 침대차, 침목, pollution: 공해, 불결, 오염, 몽정, 뜻밖에 성공하는 사람, 예상 외로 모독, 타락, 정신적 타락, 더럽히기. 성공한 것, 잠옷, 슬리퍼 에이전트, rebel: 반역자, 반역의, 모반하다, 야경, 예상 외로 성공한 사람. 반란을 일으키다, 몸서리치다, 반감을 subjection: 복종, 정복, 종속, 가지다, 반대하다, 반도, 반란군 병사, 좌지우지됨, 의존함, 좌우됨.

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have each the same measure; for what is enough for health, is too little for pleasure. And oft it is uncertain, whether it be the necessary care of the body which is yet asking for sustenance, or whether a voluptuous deceivableness of greediness is proffering its services. In this uncertainty the unhappy soul rejoiceth, and therein prepares an excuse to shield itself, glad that it appeareth not what sufficeth for the moderation of health, that under the cloak of health, it may disguise the matter of gratification. These temptations I daily endeavour to resist, and I call on Thy right hand, and to Thee do I refer my perplexities; because I have as yet no settled counsel herein.% I hear the voice of my God commanding, Let not your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting and drunkenness. Drunkenness is far from me; Thou wilt have mercy, that it come not near me. But full feeding sometimes creepeth upon Thy servant; Thou wilt have mercy, that it may be far from me. For no one can be continent unless Thou give it. Many things Thou givest us, praying for them; and what good soever we have received before we prayed, from Thee we received it; yea to the end we might afterwards know this, did we before receive it. Drunkard was I never, but drunkards have I known made sober by Thee. From Thee then it was, that they who never were such, should not so be, as from Thee it was, that they who have been, should not ever so be; and from Thee it was, that both might know from Whom it was. I heard another voice of Thine, Go not after thy lusts, and from thy pleasure turn away. Yea by Thy favour have I heard that which I have much loved; neither if we eat, shall we abound; neither if we eat not, shall we lack; which is to say, neither shall the one make me plenteous, nor the other miserable. I heard also another, for I have learned in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content; I know how to abound, and how to suffer need. I can do all things through Christ that strengtheneth me. Behold a soldier of the heavenly camp, not the dust which we are. But remember, Lord, that we are dust, and that of dust Thou hast made man; and he was lost and is found. Nor could he of himself do this, because he whom I so loved, saying this through the in-breathing of Thy inspiration, was of the same dust. I can do all things (saith he) through Him that strengtheneth me. Strengthen me, that I can.

Korean abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른다, 그득하다. cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 외투, 소매 없는 외투. disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신. drunkard: 술고래.

feeding: 급송, 급수, 송전, 목초지, strengthen: 강해지다, 기운이 나다, 먹음, 사양, 거세지는, 급송하는, 기운을 돋우다, 강하게하다, 강하게 음식물을 섭취하는, 섭식. 하다. glad: 기쁜, 유쾌한, 기쁜 듯한, uncertainty: 불명, 불안정, 미덥지 글라디올러스, 기뻐서. 않은 일, 반신반의, 의문, 불확정, shield: 방패, 보호물, 수호하다, 무늬, 부정, 불확실한 일, 불확실, 불확실한 방패가 되다, 실드, 방패꼴, 보호하다, 것, 불확실성. 보호자, 숨기다, 순상부. voluptuous: 일락에 빠지는, 관능에 soldier: 용사, 군대에 복무하다, 군인, 호소하는, 오관의 즐거움을 찾는, 꾀부리다, 전사, 빤들거리다, 사병, 관능적인, 육욕을 자극하는, 용병, 군인이 되다, 훈제 청어, 병사. 육감적인, 기분 좋은, 육욕에 빠지는.

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Give what Thou enjoinest, and enjoin what Thou wilt. He confesses to have received, and when he glorieth, in the Lord he glorieth. Another have I heard begging that he might receive. Take from me (saith he) the desires of the belly; whence it appeareth, O my holy God, that Thou givest, when that is done which Thou commandest to be done.% Thou hast taught me, good Father, that to the pure, all things are pure; but that it is evil unto the man that eateth with offence; and, that every creature of Thine is good, and nothing to be refused, which is received with thanksgiving; and that meat commendeth us not to God; and, that no man should judge us in meat or drink; and, that he which eateth, let him not despise him that eateth not; and let not him that eateth not, judge him that eateth. These things have I learned, thanks be to Thee, praise to Thee, my God, my Master, knocking at my ears, enlightening my heart; deliver me out of all temptation. I fear not uncleanness of meat, but the uncleanness of lusting. I know; that Noah was permitted to eat all kind of flesh that was good for food; that Elijah was fed with flesh; that endued with an admirable abstinence, was not polluted by feeding on living creatures, locusts. I know also that Esau was deceived by lusting for lentiles; and that David blamed himself for desiring a draught of water; and that our King was tempted, not concerning flesh, but bread. And therefore the people in the wilderness also deserved to be reproved, not for desiring flesh, but because, in the desire of food, they murmured against the Lord. Placed then amid these temptations, I strive daily against concupiscence in eating and drinking. For it is not of such nature that I can settle on cutting it off once for all, and never touching it afterward, as I could of concubinage. The bridle of the throat then is to be held attempered between slackness and stiffness. And who is he, O Lord, who is not some whit transported beyond the limits of necessity? whoever he is, he is a great one; let him make Thy Name great. But I am not such, for I am a sinful man. Yet do I too magnify Thy name; and He maketh intercession to Thee for my sins who hath overcome the world; numbering me among the weak members of His body; because Thine eyes have seen that of Him which is imperfect, and in Thy book shall all be written.

Korean abstinence: 절제, 금주, 금욕, 제욕, 금식, 절식, 자제. afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에. bridle: 굴레를 씌우다, 고삐를 매다, 굴레, 구속하다, 몸을 뒤로 젖히다, 구속물, 말 굴레, 머리를 치켜든 거만한 자세, 구속, 배를 매어 놓는 밧줄, 배를 매어 놓는 체인. enlightening: 계몽적인, 밝혀주는, 깨우치는. knocking: 노킹, 문두들김.

magnify: 확대하다, 과장하다, 칭찬하다, 증대하다, 찬미하다. offence: 죄의 근원, 범죄, 위반, 의무 따위의 위반, 무례, 경미한 범죄, 공격, 관습 따위의 위반. overcome: 이겨내다, 극복하다, 압도하다, 지치다, 곤란 따위를 이겨내다, 약화시키다, 극복해 내다, 나쁜 버릇 따위를 이겨내다, 나쁜 버릇 따위를 극복해 내다, 곤란 따위를 극복해 내다, 적 따위를

극복해 내다. settle: 해결하다, 진정시키다, 가라앉다, 결정하다, 놓다, 식민하다, 자리잡게 하다, 안정시키다, 주다, 결심하다, 이주하다. sinful: 죄많은, 버력입을, 죄있는, 죄가 있는, 벌받을. stiffness: 단단함, 완고함, 강도, 강성, 딱딱함, 빳빳함. whoever: 하는 사람은 누구든, 도대체 누가, 누구나, 도대체 누구를.

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With the allurements of smells, I am not much concerned. When absent, I do not miss them; when present, I do not refuse them; yet ever ready to be without them. So I seem to myself; perchance I am deceived. For that also is a mournful darkness whereby my abilities within me are hidden from me; so that my mind making enquiry into herself of her own powers, ventures not readily to believe herself; because even what is in it is mostly hidden, unless experience reveal it. And no one ought to be secure in that life, the whole whereof is called a trial, that he who hath been capable of worse to be made better, may not likewise of better be made worse. Our only hope, only confidence, only assured promise is Thy mercy.% The delights of the ear had more firmly entangled and subdued me; but Thou didst loosen and free me. Now, in those melodies which Thy words breathe soul into, when sung with a sweet and attuned voice, I do a little repose; yet not so as to be held thereby, but that I can disengage myself when I will. But with the words which are their life and whereby they find admission into me, themselves seek in my affections a place of some estimation, and I can scarcely assign them one suitable. For at one time I seem to myself to give them more honour than is seemly, feeling our minds to be more holily and fervently raised unto a flame of devotion, by the holy words themselves when thus sung, than when not; and that the several affections of our spirit, by a sweet variety, have their own proper measures in the voice and singing, by some hidden correspondence wherewith they are stirred up. But this contentment of the flesh, to which the soul must not be given over to be enervated, doth oft beguile me, the sense not so waiting upon reason as patiently to follow her; but having been admitted merely for her sake, it strives even to run before her, and lead her. Thus in these things I unawares sin, but afterwards am aware of it. At other times, shunning over-anxiously this very deception, I err in too great strictness; and sometimes to that degree, as to wish the whole melody of sweet music which is used to David’s Psalter, banished from my ears, and the Church’s too; and that mode seems to me safer, which I remember to have been often told me of Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, who made the reader of the

Korean admission: 승인, 고백, 자인, 입장, 입장료, 입학이나 입회 허가, 들어감을 받음, 입회의, 입장의, 들어감을 입장, 들어감을 허락함. admitted: 시인된, 공인된, 명백한. assign: 지정하다, 할당하다, 양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다. beguile: 기만하다, 지루함을 잊게 하다, 사취하다, 즐겁게하다, 기쁘게 하다, 속이다, 잊게 하다.

contentment: 만족, 흡족해함, 만족함. correspondence: 일치, 서신왕래, 통신, 상응, 조화, 해당, 편지, 왕복서한, 왕복문서, 상당, 대응. deception: 속임, 속은 상태, 야바위, 기만 수단. disengage: 해방하다, 풀다, 관계를 끊다, 떨어지다, 중지하다, 접속을 풀다, 연결을 풀다, 교전을 중지하다, 연결이 풀리다. enervated: 활력을 잃은, 무기력한.

enquiry: 연구, 질문, 문의, 조사. holily: 신성하게, 경건하게, 독실하게. likewise: 마찬가지로, 또한, 똑같이, 그리고 또한. mostly: 대개. mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈, 애처로운. seemly: 적당한, 점잖은, 알맞은, 품위 있게. strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함, 직립성.

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psalm utter it with so slight inflection of voice, that it was nearer speaking than singing. Yet again, when I remember the tears I shed at the Psalmody of Thy Church, in the beginning of my recovered faith; and how at this time I am moved, not with the singing, but with the things sung, when they are sung with a clear voice and modulation most suitable, I acknowledge the great use of this institution. Thus I fluctuate between peril of pleasure and approved wholesomeness; inclined the rather (though not as pronouncing an irrevocable opinion) to approve of the usage of singing in the church; that so by the delight of the ears the weaker minds may rise to the feeling of devotion. Yet when it befalls me to be more moved with the voice than the words sung, I confess to have sinned penally, and then had rather not hear music. See now my state; weep with me, and weep for me, ye, whoso regulate your feelings within, as that good action ensues. For you who do not act, these things touch not you. But Thou, O Lord my God, hearken; behold, and see, and have mercy and heal me, Thou, in whose presence I have become a problem to myself; and that is my infirmity.% There remains the pleasure of these eyes of my flesh, on which to make my confessions in the hearing of the ears of Thy temple, those brotherly and devout ears; and so to conclude the temptations of the lust of the flesh, which yet assail me, groaning earnestly, and desiring to be clothed upon with my house from heaven. The eyes love fair and varied forms, and bright and soft colours. Let not these occupy my soul; let God rather occupy it, who made these things, very good indeed, yet is He my good, not they. And these affect me, waking, the whole day, nor is any rest given me from them, as there is from musical, sometimes in silence, from all voices. For this queen of colours, the light, bathing all which we behold, wherever I am through the day, gliding by me in varied forms, soothes me when engaged on other things, and not observing it. And so strongly doth it entwine itself, that if it be suddenly withdrawn, it is with longing sought for, and if absent long, saddeneth the mind. O Thou Light, which Tobias saw, when, these eyes closed, he taught his son the way of life; and himself went before with the feet of charity, never swerving.

Korean assail: 엄습하다, 감연히 에 부탁치다, 논란하다, 습격하다, 과감히 부딪치다, 맹렬히 공격하다. bathing: 수영, 멱감기수영복 차림의 미인, 목욕. entwine: 휘감기다, 엮다, 혼란시키다, 엉키게 하다. fluctuate: 변동하다, 파동하다, 오르내리다, 동요 시키다, 변동시키다, 동요시키다, 파동치다. gliding: 활공, 미끄러지는, 활주,

활주하는, 활공하는, 미끄러짐. inflection: 굴절, 음성의 조절, 굴곡, 어형변화, 어미변화, 굴곡굽음, 억양, 굽음. irrevocable: 되부를 수 없는, 취소할 수 없는, 변경할 수 없는. modulation: 억양, 조절, 변조, 조정. occupy: 점령하다, 사용하다, 점령자, 종사시키다, 점유하다, 점거하다, 소비하다, 시일을 소비하다, 영유하다, 차지하다, 지위를

차지하다. penally: 형벌로서, 형법상, 형사상. psalm: 찬송가, 시편, 성가, 성가를 불러 찬미하다. regulate: 조절하다, 규정하다, 규제하다, 통제하다, 표준, 조정기, 정리하다, 규칙적이 되게하다, 규칙바르게하다, 규칙 바르게하다, 단속하다. usage: 취급법, 관용법, 관습, 어법, 사용법, 관용, 취급, 습관, 용법.

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Or%which Isaac saw, when his fleshly eyes being heavy and closed by old age, it was vouchsafed him, not knowingly, to bless his sons, but by blessing to know them. Or which Jacob saw, when he also, blind through great age, with illumined heart, in the persons of his sons shed light on the different races of the future people, in them foresignified; and laid his hands, mystically crossed, upon his grandchildren by Joseph, not as their father by his outward eye corrected them, but as himself inwardly discerned. This is the light, it is one, and all are one, who see and love it. But that corporeal light whereof I spake, it seasoneth the life of this world for her blind lovers, with an enticing and dangerous sweetness. But they who know how to praise Thee for it, “O all-creating Lord,” take it up in Thy hymns, and are not taken up with it in their sleep. Such would I be. These seductions of the eyes I resist, lest my feet wherewith I walk upon Thy way be ensnared; and I lift up mine invisible eyes to Thee, that Thou wouldest pluck my feet out of the snare. Thou dost ever and anon pluck them out, for they are ensnared. Thou ceasest not to pluck them out, while I often entangle myself in the snares on all sides laid; because Thou that keepest Israel shalt neither slumber nor sleep. What innumerable toys, made by divers arts and manufactures, in our apparel, shoes, utensils and all sorts of works, in pictures also and divers images, and these far exceeding all necessary and moderate use and all pious meaning, have men added to tempt their own eyes withal; outwardly following what themselves make, inwardly forsaking Him by whom themselves were made, and destroying that which themselves have been made! But I, my God and my Glory, do hence also sing a hymn to Thee, and do consecrate praise to Him who consecrateth me, because those beautiful patterns which through men’s souls are conveyed into their cunning hands, come from that Beauty, which is above our souls, which my soul day and night sigheth after. But the framers and followers of the outward beauties derive thence the rule of judging of them, but not of using them. And He is there, though they perceive Him not, that so they might not wander, but keep their strength for Thee, and not scatter it abroad upon pleasurable weariness. And I, though I speak and see this, entangle my steps with these outward beauties; but Thou pluckest me out, O Lord, Thou

Korean anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어, 언젠가, 곧. apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, 제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, 기성복, 제복, 장식. consecrate: 바치다, 성직에 임명하다, 신성하게 하다, 봉헌하다, 하느님에게바치다, 성별하다, 성화하다, 을 바치다, 정화하다, 축성하다, 성별의. cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운,

노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음. entangle: 얽히게하다, 곤란케하다, 혼란시키다, 분규를 일으키게 하다, 뒤얽히게 하다, 빠뜨리다. enticing: 마음을 끄는, 유혹적인, 마음을 끌 만한. hymn: 찬송가, 찬송하다, 찬미하다, 찬송가를 부르다. manufactures: 제품. mystically: 신비적으로.

pictures: 영화. scatter: 흩뿌리다, 쫓아버리다, 뿔뿔이 흩어지다, 산발하다, 소수, 흩뜨려진 것, 흩뜨림. shoes: 구두. slumber: 휴지하다, 잠, 잠자다, 잠자면서 보내다, 활동을 쉬다, 무기력 상태, 혼수 상태. tempt: 유혹하다, 무릅쓰다, 시도하다, 성나게 하다, 꾀다, 당기게 하다, 할 생각이 나게 하다, 시험하다.

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pluckest me out; because Thy loving-kindness is before my eyes. For I am taken miserably, and Thou pluckest me out mercifully; sometimes not perceiving it, when I had but lightly lighted upon them; otherwhiles with pain, because I had stuck fast in them.% To this is added another form of temptation more manifoldly dangerous. For besides that concupiscence of the flesh which consisteth in the delight of all senses and pleasures, wherein its slaves, who go far from Thee, waste and perish, the soul hath, through the same senses of the body, a certain vain and curious desire, veiled under the title of knowledge and learning, not of delighting in the flesh, but of making experiments through the flesh. The seat whereof being in the appetite of knowledge, and sight being the sense chiefly used for attaining knowledge, it is in Divine language called The lust of the eyes. For, to see, belongeth properly to the eyes; yet we use this word of the other senses also, when we employ them in seeking knowledge. For we do not say, hark how it flashes, or smell how it glows, or taste how it shines, or feel how it gleams; for all these are said to be seen. And yet we say not only, see how it shineth, which the eyes alone can perceive; but also, see how it soundeth, see how it smelleth, see how it tasteth, see how hard it is. And so the general experience of the senses, as was said, is called The lust of the eyes, because the office of seeing, wherein the eyes hold the prerogative, the other senses by way of similitude take to themselves, when they make search after any knowledge. But by this may more evidently be discerned, wherein pleasure and wherein curiosity is the object of the senses; for pleasure seeketh objects beautiful, melodious, fragrant, savoury, soft; but curiosity, for trial’s sake, the contrary as well, not for the sake of suffering annoyance, but out of the lust of making trial and knowing them. For what pleasure hath it, to see in a mangled carcase what will make you shudder? and yet if it be lying near, they flock thither, to be made sad, and to turn pale. Even in sleep they are afraid to see it. As if when awake, any one forced them to see it, or any report of its beauty drew them thither! Thus also in the other senses, which it were long to go through. From this disease of curiosity are all those strange sights exhibited in the theatre. Hence men go on to

Korean annoyance: 성가심, 두통거리, 약오름, 성가신 일, 성가신 사람, 성가시게 굴기, 괴로움. appetite: 식욕, 욕구, 욕망, 기호. carcase: 뼈대, 시체, 잔해, 형해, 몸통, 소이탄의 일종, 송장. employ: 고용하다, 쓰다, 고용, 사용, 에 종사하다, 소비하다, 소비하다고용, 실직하다, 에 고용되어, 사용하다, 직업을 주다. evidently: 명백히, 분명히, 보매,

분명하게, 아무래도. hark: 듣다, 경청하다. lying: 거짓말의, 거짓말쟁이의, 드러눕기, 거짓말하기, 거짓말하는, 드러누워 있는. melodious: 선율이 고운, 선율적인, 곡조가 아름다운. pale: 창백한, 창백하게 하다, 엷게 하다, 어슴푸레한, 엷은, 경계, 창백해지다, 한계, 중앙의 세로줄 무늬, 어둠침침한, 약한.

prerogative: 특권, 대권, 영국의 국왕 대권, 우선 투표권, 특권을 소유하는, 국왕 대권. savoury: 차조기과의 식물 풍미있는, 향기로운, 맛좋은, 쾌적한, 짭짤한, 재미있는, 맛 좋은, 구미를 돋구는 짭짤한 요리, 층층이꽃의 일종. shudder: 떨다, 떪, 몸서리치다, 떨림, 몸서리. suffering: 괴로움, 고통, 피해, 고생, 수난, 재난, 재해, 괴로운.

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search out the hidden powers of nature (which is besides our end), which to know profits not, and wherein men desire nothing but to know. Hence also, if with that same end of perverted knowledge magical arts be enquired by. Hence also in religion itself, is God tempted, when signs and wonders are demanded of Him, not desired for any good end, but merely to make trial of.% In this so vast wilderness, full of snares and dangers, behold many of them I have cut off, and thrust out of my heart, as Thou hast given me, O God of my salvation. And yet when dare I say, since so many things of this kind buzz on all sides about our daily life—when dare I say that nothing of this sort engages my attention, or causes in me an idle interest? True, the theatres do not now carry me away, nor care I to know the courses of the stars, nor did my soul ever consult ghosts departed; all sacrilegious mysteries I detest. From Thee, O Lord my God, to whom I owe humble and single-hearted service, by what artifices and suggestions doth the enemy deal with me to desire some sign! But I beseech Thee by our King, and by our pure and holy country, Jerusalem, that as any consenting thereto is far from me, so may it ever be further and further. But when I pray Thee for the salvation of any, my end and intention is far different. Thou givest and wilt give me to follow Thee willingly, doing what Thou wilt. Notwithstanding, in how many most petty and contemptible things is our curiosity daily tempted, and how often we give way, who can recount? How often do we begin as if we were tolerating people telling vain stories, lest we offend the weak; then by degrees we take interest therein! I go not now to the circus to see a dog coursing a hare; but in the field, if passing, that coursing peradventure will distract me even from some weighty thought, and draw me after it: not that I turn aside the body of my beast, yet still incline my mind thither. And unless Thou, having made me see my infirmity didst speedily admonish me either through the sight itself by some contemplation to rise towards Thee, or altogether to despise and pass it by, I dully stand fixed therein. What, when sitting at home, a lizard catching flies, or a spider entangling them rushing into her nets, oft-times takes my attention? Is the thing different, because they are but small creatures? I go on from them to praise Thee the

Korean admonish: 훈계하다, 충고하다, 타이르다, 깨우치다, 설유하다, 경고하다. buzz: 윙윙거리다, 기계의 소리, 벌레의날개소리, 속삭임, 웅성거림, 확자지껄하다, 의 위를 닿을듯 말듯 낮게 날다, 와글와글, 에게 버저로 알리다, 술병을 다 따라 마시다, 분주하게 돌아다니다. catching: 전염성의, 전염하는, 마음을 빼앗는, 매력있는, 매력 있는 것.

contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상, 묵상, 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄, 정관, 기도. coursing: 사냥개를 부리는 사냥, 토끼 사냥. dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 지루하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭. hare: 산토끼. lizard: 도마뱀, 유흥가의 건달. magical: 마술적인, 신기한, 마법 같은, 마법의.

owe: 빚이 있다, 빚지고 있다, 은혜를 입고 있다, 을 반제할 의무가 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 의무를 지고 있다, 지고 있다. peradventure: 의문, 의심, 우연, 아마, 우연히. rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리, 러싱. single-hearted: 순진한. thereto: 그밖에 다시, 거기에, 거기에 더하여, 또, 게다가 또, 그것에.

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wonderful%Creator and Orderer of all, but this does not first draw my attention. It is one thing to rise quickly, another not to fall. And of such things is my life full; and my one hope is Thy wonderful great mercy. For when our heart becomes the receptacle of such things, and is overcharged with throngs of this abundant vanity, then are our prayers also thereby often interrupted and distracted, and whilst in Thy presence we direct the voice of our heart to Thine ears, this so great concern is broken off by the rushing in of I know not what idle thoughts. Shall we then account this also among things of slight concernment, or shall aught bring us back to hope, save Thy complete mercy, since Thou hast begun to change us? And Thou knowest how far Thou hast already changed me, who first healedst me of the lust of vindicating myself, that so Thou mightest forgive all the rest of my iniquities, and heal all my infirmities, and redeem life from corruption, and crown me with mercy and pity, and satisfy my desire with good things: who didst curb my pride with Thy fear, and tame my neck to Thy yoke. And now I bear it and it is light unto me, because so hast Thou promised, and hast made it; and verily so it was, and I knew it not, when I feared to take it. But, O Lord, Thou alone Lord without pride, because Thou art the only true Lord, who hast no lord; hath this third kind of temptation also ceased from me, or can it cease through this whole life? To wish, namely, to be feared and loved of men, for no other end, but that we may have a joy therein which is no joy? A miserable life this and a foul boastfulness! Hence especially it comes that men do neither purely love nor fear Thee. And therefore dost Thou resist the proud, and givest grace to the humble: yea, Thou thunderest down upon the ambitions of the world, and the foundations of the mountains tremble. Because now certain offices of human society make it necessary to be loved and feared of men, the adversary of our true blessedness layeth hard at us, every where spreading his snares of “well-done, well-done”; that greedily catching at them, we may be taken unawares, and sever our joy from Thy truth, and set it in the deceivingness of men; and be pleased at being loved and feared, not for Thy sake, but in Thy stead: and thus having been made like him, he may have them for his own, not

Korean adversary: 적, 상대방, 마왕. boastfulness: 자랑 거리, 자랑 이야기, 자랑. concernment: 관계, 걱정, 관여, 근심, 중요성, 중대, 관계하고 있는 일, 업무, 우려, 중대성. curb: 구속, 억제하다, 재갈을 물리다, 정자 테, 비절후종, 장외 시장, 연석을 깔다, 연석, 재갈, 장외 시장의 중개인들, 고삐. foundations: 토대.

interrupted: 중단된, 가로막힌, 단속적인, 중절된. purely: 순수하게, 전혀, 결백하게, 전연, 깨끗하게, 맑게. redeem: 이행하다, 되사다, 구조하다, 상환하다, 회복하다, 보상하다, 보충하다, 장점, 되찾다, 구해내다, 속죄하다. satisfy: 만족시키다, 풀게하다, 채우다, 가라앉히다, 갚다, 안심시키다, 이루다, 지불하다, 풀다, 충족시키다,

만족을 주다. stead: 대신, 장소, 이익, 도움, 남에게 쓸모가 도움이 되다, 남에게 쓸모가 있다. tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든. tremble: 진동, 흔들리다, 조바심하다, 전율하다, 떨하다, 떨림, 전전긍긍하다, 전율, 떨다, 떨게 하다.

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in the bands of charity, but in the bonds of punishment: who purposed to set his throne in the north, that dark and chilled they might serve him, pervertedly and crookedly imitating Thee. But we, O Lord, behold we are Thy little flock; possess us as Thine, stretch Thy wings over us, and let us fly under them. Be Thou our glory; let us be loved for Thee, and Thy word feared in us. Who would be praised of men when Thou blamest, will not be defended of men when Thou judgest; nor delivered when Thou condemnest. But when—not the sinner is praised in the desires of his soul, nor he blessed who doth ungodlily, but—a man is praised for some gift which Thou hast given him, and he rejoices more at the praise for himself than that he hath the gift for which he is praised, he also is praised, while Thou dispraisest; better is he who praised than he who is praised. For the one took pleasure in the gift of God in man; the other was better pleased with the gift of man, than of God.% By these temptations we are assailed daily, O Lord; without ceasing are we assailed. Our daily furnace is the tongue of men. And in this way also Thou commandest us continence. Give what Thou enjoinest, and enjoin what Thou wilt. Thou knowest on this matter the groans of my heart, and the floods of mine eyes. For I cannot learn how far I am more cleansed from this plague, and I much fear my secret sins, which Thine eyes know, mine do not. For in other kinds of temptations I have some sort of means of examining myself; in this, scarce any. For, in refraining my mind from the pleasures of the flesh and idle curiosity, I see how much I have attained to, when I do without them; foregoing, or not having them. For then I ask myself how much more or less troublesome it is to me not to have them? Then, riches, which are desired, that they may serve to some one or two or all of the three concupiscences, if the soul cannot discern whether, when it hath them, it despiseth them, they may be cast aside, that so it may prove itself. But to be without praise, and therein essay our powers, must we live ill, yea so abandonedly and atrociously, that no one should know without detesting us? What greater madness can be said or thought of? But if praise useth and ought to accompany a good life and good works, we ought as little to forego its company, as good life itself. Yet I know not whether I can well or ill be without anything, unless it be absent.

Korean accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게 하다, 동반하다. atrociously: 흉악하게, 아주 지독하게, 잔악하게. ceasing: 중단, 중지. chilled: 냉장한, 냉각한, 냉강된, 냉경한, 칠드 주물의, 차가워진. crookedly: 구부러져서, 부정하게. forego: 전술한, 선행하다, 앞의, 없이 지내다, 앞에 가다. foregoing: 전술한, 앞의, 앞서 말한,

앞서 말한 것. 넣다, 잡다, 지배하다, 획득하다, furnace: 용광로, 시련, 화덕, 몹시 들리다, 붙잡다, 자제하다, 에 붙다. 더운 곳, 작열하는곳, 작열하는 곳, stretch: 기지개를 켜다, 펴다, 뻗다, 어려운 시련의 장소, 난방로, 노, 펴지다, 펼치다, 뻗치다, 억지로 갖다 아궁이. 붙이다, 잡아당기다, 에 미치다, greater: 대. 손발을 뻗다, 긴장. plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해, throne: 왕좌, 왕위, 옥좌, 왕권, 교황의 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰- 자리, 즉위시키다, 왕좌에 앉히다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 교황의 성좌, 좌품천사, 군주, 왕위에 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다. 앉다. possess: 소유하다, 유지하다, 손에

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What %then do I confess unto Thee in this kind of temptation, O Lord? What, but that I am delighted with praise, but with truth itself, more than with praise? For were it proposed to me, whether I would, being frenzied in error on all things, be praised by all men, or being consistent and most settled in the truth be blamed by all, I see which I should choose. Yet fain would I that the approbation of another should not even increase my joy for any good in me. Yet I own, it doth increase it, and not so only, but dispraise doth diminish it. And when I am troubled at this my misery, an excuse occurs to me, which of what value it is, Thou God knowest, for it leaves me uncertain. For since Thou hast commanded us not continency alone, that is, from what things to refrain our love, but righteousness also, that is, whereon to bestow it, and hast willed us to love not Thee only, but our neighbour also; often, when pleased with intelligent praise, I seem to myself to be pleased with the proficiency or towardliness of my neighbour, or to be grieved for evil in him, when I hear him dispraise either what he understands not, or is good. For sometimes I am grieved at my own praise, either when those things be praised in me, in which I mislike myself, or even lesser and slight goods are more esteemed than they ought. But again how know I whether I am therefore thus affected, because I would not have him who praiseth me differ from me about myself; not as being influenced by concern for him, but because those same good things which please me in myself, please me more when they please another also? For some how I am not praised when my judgment of myself is not praised; forasmuch as either those things are praised, which displease me; or those more, which please me less. Am I then doubtful of myself in this matter? Behold, in Thee, O Truth, I see that I ought not to be moved at my own praises, for my own sake, but for the good of my neighbour. And whether it be so with me, I know not. For herein I know less of myself than of Thee. I beseech now, O my God, discover to me myself also, that I may confess unto my brethren, who are to pray for me, wherein I find myself maimed. Let me examine myself again more diligently. If in my praise I am moved with the good of my neighbour, why am I less moved if another be unjustly dispraised than if it be myself? Why am I more stung by reproach cast upon myself, than at that cast

Korean approbation: 허가, 시인, 칭찬. consistent: 일관된, 언행이 일치된, 철저한, 시종 일관돼 있는, 견실한, 견실히, 모순없는, 일치하는, 모순이 없는, 지조있는. diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다. doubtful: 의심스러운, 못 미더운, 불안한, 의심을 품고 있는. error: 에러, 오차, 잘못, 과실, 틀림, 실책, 오심, 잘못생각, 죄, 오류, 그릇된.

examine: 심문하다, 심사하다, 시험하다, 검사하다, 진찰하다, 조사하다, 검정하다, 검토하다, 심리하다. forasmuch: 인 까닭에. intelligent: 지적인, 총명한, 영리한, 현명한, 정보처리 기능을 가진, 재치있는, 이해력있는, 이해력이 좋은, 이성적인, 이해력이 있는. mislike: 싫어하다, 반감, 의 비위를 거스르다.

neighbour: 동포, 이웃의, 이웃하다, 같은 종류끼리서로 이웃하는 것, 서로 이웃하는 것, 이웃 사람. refrain: 후렴, 참다, 자제하다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 반복구, 억제하다, 억누르다, 멀리하다, 그만두다 억제하다 후렴, 상투문구. slight: 경멸, 근소한, 약한, 얕보다, 적은, 훌쭉한, 가냘픈, 모자라는, 하찮은, 경시하다, 조금도.

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upon another, with the same injustice, before me? Know I not this also? or is it at last that I deceive myself, and do not the truth before Thee in my heart and tongue? This madness put far from me, O Lord, lest mine own mouth be to me the sinner’s oil to make fat my head. I am poor and needy; yet best, while in hidden groanings I displease myself, and seek Thy mercy, until what is lacking in my defective state be renewed and perfected, on to that peace which the eye of the proud knoweth not.% Yet the word which cometh out of the mouth, and deeds known to men, bring with them a most dangerous temptation through the love of praise: which, to establish a certain excellency of our own, solicits and collects men’s suffrages. It tempts, even when it is reproved by myself in myself, on the very ground that it is reproved; and often glories more vainly of the very contempt of vain-glory; and so it is no longer contempt of vain-glory, whereof it glories; for it doth not contemn when it glorieth. Within also, within is another evil, arising out of a like temptation; whereby men become vain, pleasing themselves in themselves, though they please not, or displease or care not to please others. But pleasing themselves, they much displease Thee, not only taking pleasure in things not good, as if good, but in Thy good things, as though their own; or even if as Thine, yet as though for their own merits; or even if as though from Thy grace, yet not with brotherly rejoicing, but envying that grace to others. In all these and the like perils and travails, Thou seest the trembling of my heart; and I rather feel my wounds to be cured by Thee, than not inflicted by me. Where hast Thou not walked with me, O Truth, teaching me what to beware, and what to desire; when I referred to Thee what I could discover here below, and consulted Thee? With my outward senses, as I might, I surveyed the world, and observed the life, which my body hath from me, and these my senses. Thence entered I the recesses of my memory, those manifold and spacious chambers, wonderfully furnished with innumerable stores; and I considered, and stood aghast; being able to discern nothing of these things without Thee, and finding none of them to be Thee. Nor was I myself, who found out these things,

Korean beware: 주의하다, 조심하다. chambers: 독신자용 셋방, 판사실, 변호사 사무실. defective: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 활용형의 일부가 없는, 결점이 있는, 지능적으로 표준 이하인, 모자라는 점이 있는, 결함이 있는. establish: 입증하다, 설립하다, 확증하다, 확립하다, 제정하다, 개업시키다, 기반을 잡게하다, 안정된 지위에 놓이게 하다, 앉히다, 정하다,

인정하다. 불법, 권리침해. fat: 지방, 살찐, 기름기, 살찌다, lacking: 이 결핍된, 결핍되어. 지방이 많은, 풍부한, 유복한, 둔감한, proud: 자존심이 있는, 거만한, 비옥한, 윤택, 비만. 자랑하고 있는, 영광으로 여기는, finding: 발견, 사실 인정, 조사결과, 자랑으로 생각하는, 자랑할 만한, 평결, 여러 도구 및 재료, 발견물, 자랑하다, 당당한, 교만한, 일이 인정, 조사 결과, 여러 가지 도구 및 자랑할 만한, 물건이 자랑할 만한. 재료. teaching: 수업, 가르치기, 가르침, furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 교수, 교습, 교육, 교의, 교훈 재고량이 ...한. 가르치는. injustice: 부정, 불공평, 부정행위,

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who%went over them all, and laboured to distinguish and to value every thing according to its dignity, taking some things upon the report of my senses, questioning about others which I felt to be mingled with myself, numbering and distinguishing the reporters themselves, and in the large treasure-house of my memory revolving some things, storing up others, drawing out others. Nor yet was I myself when I did this, i.e., that my power whereby I did it, neither was it Thou, for Thou art the abiding light, which I consulted concerning all these, whether they were, what they were, and how to be valued; and I heard Thee directing and commanding me; and this I often do, this delights me, and as far as I may be freed from necessary duties, unto this pleasure have I recourse. Nor in all these which I run over consulting Thee can I find any safe place for my soul, but in Thee; whither my scattered members may be gathered, and nothing of me depart from Thee. And sometimes Thou admittest me to an affection, very unusual, in my inmost soul; rising to a strange sweetness, which if it were perfected in me, I know not what in it would not belong to the life to come. But through my miserable encumbrances I sink down again into these lower things, and am swept back by former custom, and am held, and greatly weep, but am greatly held. So much doth the burden of a bad custom weigh us down. Here I can stay, but would not; there I would, but cannot; both ways, miserable. Thus then have I considered the sicknesses of my sins in that threefold concupiscence, and have called Thy right hand to my help. For with a wounded heart have I beheld Thy brightness, and stricken back I said, “Who can attain thither? I am cast away from the sight of Thine eyes.” Thou art the Truth who presidest over all, but I through my covetousness would not indeed forego Thee, but would with Thee possess a lie; as no man would in such wise speak falsely, as himself to be ignorant of the truth. So then I lost Thee, because Thou vouchsafest not to be possessed with a lie. Whom could I find to reconcile me to Thee? was I to have recourse to Angels? by what prayers? by what sacraments? Many endeavouring to return unto Thee, and of themselves unable, have, as I hear, tried this, and fallen into the desire of curious visions, and been accounted worthy to be deluded. For

Korean distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는, 구별이 있는, 특색 있는. drawing: 그림, 발행, 제도, 달여내기, 데상, 선화, 칼을 빼기, 잡아늘이기, 그림의, 달이기. fallen: 타락한, 쓰러진, 파멸한, 죽은, 떨어진, 전복된. possessed: 침착한, 홀린, 미친, 흘려버린. reconcile: 화해시키다, 조화시키다, 단념시키다, 조정하다, 스스로 체념케

하다, 에 만족하게하다, 일치시키다. recourse: 의지, 상환청구, 의뢰, 의지하는 것, 상환 청구, 을 사용하다, 의존함, 상환청구권. safe: 안전한, 틀림없는, 믿을 수 있는, 몹시 조심하는, 무사한, 세이프의, 금고, 도망할우려가 없는, 위험성이 없는, 의 가능성이 있는, 찬장. threefold: 삼면 장치, 삼배로, 삼배의, 삼부분이 있는, 삼중로, 요소이 있는. treasure-house: 보고, 보물 창고.

tried: 시험이 끝난, 확실한, 시험을 마친. unusual: 유별난, 보통이 아닌, 진기한, 별난, 비범한. valued: 존중되는, 평가된, 가치를 가진, 의 가치를 가진. weigh: 무거운 짐이 되다, 무게를 달다, 닻을 올리다, 울리다, 말을 음미하다, 몸무게를 달다, 손으로 무게를 헤아리다, 숙고하다, 압박하다, 잘 생각하다, 존중되다.

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they, being high minded, sought Thee by the pride of learning, swelling out rather than smiting upon their breasts, and so by the agreement of their heart, drew unto themselves the princes of the air, the fellow-conspirators of their pride, by whom, through magical influences, they were deceived, seeking a mediator, by whom they might be purged, and there was none. For the devil it was, transforming himself into an Angel of light. And it much enticed proud flesh, that he had no body of flesh. For they were mortal, and sinners; but thou, Lord, to whom they proudly sought to be reconciled, art immortal, and without sin. But a mediator between God and man must have something like to God, something like to men; lest being in both like to man, he should he far from God: or if in both like God, too unlike man: and so not be a mediator. That deceitful mediator then, by whom in Thy secret judgments pride deserved to be deluded, hath one thing in common with man, that is sin; another he would seem to have in common with God; and not being clothed with the mortality of flesh, would vaunt himself to be immortal. But since the wages of sin is death, this hath he in common with men, that with them he should be condemned to death.% But the true Mediator, Whom in Thy secret mercy Thou hast showed to the humble, and sentest, that by His example also they might learn that same humility, that Mediator between God and man, the Man Christ Jesus, appeared betwixt mortal sinners and the immortal just One; mortal with men, just with God: that because the wages of righteousness is life and peace, He might by a righteousness conjoined with God make void that death of sinners, now made righteous, which He willed to have in common with them. Hence He was showed forth to holy men of old; that so they, through faith in His Passion to come, as we through faith of it passed, might be saved. For as Man, He was a Mediator; but as the Word, not in the middle between God and man, because equal to God, and God with God, and together one God. How hast Thou loved us, good Father, who sparedst not Thine only Son, but deliveredst Him up for us ungodly! How hast Thou loved us, for whom He that thought it no robbery to be equal with Thee, was made subject even to the death of the cross, He alone, free among the dead, having power to lay down His life,

Korean agreement: 일치, 계약, 호응, 동의, 호웅, 합의, 협정, 장식음, 아그레망, 규약, 쾌적한 환경. condemned: 저주받은, 유죄 선고를 받은, 사형수의, 몰수학로 된, 유죄선고를 받은, 사용 부적으로 판정된, 몰수로 정해진, 구제할 길 없는, 몰수하기로 된. cross: 교차하다, 교배시키다, 가로지르다, 십자가, 고난, 가로의, 잡종의, 부정, 가로줄을 긋다,

건너가다, 비뚤어진. dead: 완전히, 죽은, 무감각한, 활기없는, 지쳐버린, 완전한, 죽은 듯이 고요함, 가장 생기가 없는 시각, 죽은 사람, 확실한, 몹시. example: 모범, 본보기, 보기, 견본, 실례, 표본, 본때, 경계, 본보기로서의 벌, 예, 진례. faith: 신앙, 신의, 신뢰, 신념, 서약, 신용, 신조, 약속, 교리, 충성, 성실. light: 빛, 밝은, 가벼운, 가볍게, 광명,

밝아지다, 내리다, 경쾌한, 조명, 불, 광선. mediator: 조정자, 중재인. middle: 중앙, 중부, 허리, 중간, 중명사몸통, 한가운데의, 중앙의, 중간물, 중간에 두다, 중간의, 중명사. pride: 자부, 자존심, 자랑, 자만, 만족, 득의의 모습, 득의, 경멸, 거만, 한창, 자랑거리. vaunt: 자랑, 자랑하다. wages: 임금, 죄값.

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and power to take it again: for us to Thee both Victor and Victim, and therefore Victor, because the Victim; for us to Thee Priest and Sacrifice, and therefore Priest because the Sacrifice; making us to Thee, of servants, sons by being born of Thee, and serving us. Well then is my hope strong in Him, that Thou wilt heal all my infirmities, by Him Who sitteth at Thy right hand and maketh intercession for us; else should I despair. For many and great are my infirmities, many they are, and great; but Thy medicine is mightier. We might imagine that Thy Word was far from any union with man, and despair of ourselves, unless He had been made flesh and dwelt among us.% Affrighted with my sins and the burden of my misery, I had cast in my heart, and had purposed to flee to the wilderness: but Thou forbadest me, and strengthenedst me, saying, Therefore Christ died for all, that they which live may now no longer live unto themselves, but unto Him that died for them. See, Lord, I cast my care upon Thee, that I may live, and consider wondrous things out of Thy law. Thou knowest my unskilfulness, and my infirmities; teach me, and heal me. He, Thine only Son, in Whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge, hath redeemed me with His blood. Let not the proud speak evil of me; because I meditate on my ransom, and eat and drink, and communicate it; and poor, desired to be satisfied from Him, amongst those that eat and are satisfied, and they shall praise the Lord who seek Him.

Korean amongst: -중에, 중에서, 의 사이에, 교통하다. 들어가다, 식사하다, 슬픔에 잠기다, 중의한 사람으로, 중의한 하나로, 의 consider: 숙고하다, 고려하다, 부식하다, 파괴하다-식사하다, 사이에서. 주시하다, 중히 여기다, 팁을 주다, 먹을수있다. blood: 피, 순종, 혈통, 혈액, 살육, 간주하다, 고려에 넣다, 고찰하다, imagine: 생각하다, 상상하다, 멋있는 젊은이, 혈기, 피의, 피비린내 생각하다, 존경하다, 참작하다. 추상하다, 미루어 생각하다, 의 나는, 새로운 체험을 시키다, 다루기 drink: 마시다, 흡수하다, 취하다, 술에 뜻에서, 추측하다꾀하다, 상상력을 어려운. 소비하다, 술에소비하다, 음료를 동원하다, 상, 추측하다. communicate: 통신하다, 전하다, 마시다, 큰 강, 한 모금, 술을 많이 medicine: 의학, 내복약, 의술, 약, 나누다, 통해 있다, 전염시키다, 마시다, 을 위해 축배를 들다, 음주. 부적, 마술, 주술, 북미 인디언 사이의 전달하다, 의사를 소통하다, 성찬을 eat: 먹다, 먹어 들어가다, 침식하다, 주술, 내과 치료, 내과. 주다, 성찬을 받다, 감염시키다, 파괴하다, 먹을 수 있다, 먹이 saying: 속담, 격언, 말, 말하기.

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BOOK

%XI

Lord, since eternity is Thine, art Thou ignorant of what I say to Thee? or dost Thou see in time, what passeth in time? Why then do I lay in order before Thee so many relations? Not, of a truth, that Thou mightest learn them through me, but to stir up mine own and my readers’ devotions towards Thee, that we may all say, Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised. I have said already; and again will say, for love of Thy love do I this. For we pray also, and yet Truth hath said, Your Father knoweth what you have need of, before you ask. It is then our affections which we lay open unto Thee, confessing our own miseries, and Thy mercies upon us, that Thou mayest free us wholly, since Thou hast begun, that we may cease to be wretched in ourselves, and be blessed in Thee; seeing Thou hast called us, to become poor in spirit, and meek, and mourners, and hungering and athirst after righteousness, and merciful, and pure in heart, and peace-makers. See, I have told Thee many things, as I could and as I would, because Thou first wouldest that I should confess unto Thee, my Lord God. For Thou art good, for Thy mercy endureth for ever. But how shall I suffice with the tongue of my pen to utter all Thy exhortations, and all Thy terrors, and comforts, and guidances, whereby Thou broughtest me to preach Thy Word, and dispense Thy Sacrament to Thy people? And if I suffice to utter them in order, the drops of time are precious with me; and long have I burned to meditate in Thy law, and therein to confess to Thee

Korean athirst: 갈망하여, 목이타서. devotions: 기도. dispense: 조제하다, 특면하다, 면제하다, 분배하다, 실시하다, 시여 하다, 분배 하다. dost: 직설법, 현재. drops: 점적약. hast: 단수. meditate: 꾀하다, 숙고하다, 을 묵상하다, 명상하다, 묵상하다. meek: 온순한, 유화한, 겸손한, 기백

없는, 순한, 얌전한. merciful: 자비로운. pen: 펜, 쓰다, 우리, 축사, 우리에 넣다, 구치소, 가두다, 백조의 암컷, 문체, 울타리속에 넣다, 편지 따위를 쓰다. poor: 가난한, 불쌍한, 빈약한, 운수 나쁜, 가난하게, 열등한, 부족한, 초라한, 빈민, 비천한, 볼품없는. preach: 설교하다, 설교, 전도하다설교하다, 창도하다, 전하다,

전하다창도하다, 전도하다, 도를 전하다, 권고하다. relations: 관계, 이성과의 관계. righteousness: 공정, 정의, 정직, 방정, 올바름, 정당성. spirit: 기분, 기질, 정신, 영혼, 사람, 생기, 유령, 알코올, 인물, 시대정신, 신.

Augustine

191

my skill and unskilfulness, the daybreak of Thy enlightening, and the remnants of my darkness, until infirmity be swallowed up by strength. And I would not have aught besides steal away those hours which I find free from the necessities of refreshing my body and the powers of my mind, and of the service which we owe to men, or which though we owe not, we yet pay.% O Lord my god, give ear unto my prayer, and let Thy mercy hearken unto my desire: because it is anxious not for myself alone, but would serve brotherly charity; and Thou seest my heart, that so it is. I would sacrifice to Thee the service of my thought and tongue; do Thou give me, what I may offer Thee. For I am poor and needy, Thou rich to all that call upon Thee; Who, inaccessible to care, carest for us. Circumcise from all rashness and all lying both my inward and outward lips: let Thy Scriptures be my pure delights: let me not be deceived in them, nor deceive out of them. Lord, hearken and pity, O Lord my God, Light of the blind, and Strength of the weak; yea also Light of those that see, and Strength of the strong; hearken unto my soul, and hear it crying out of the depths. For if Thine ears be not with us in the depths also, whither shall we go? whither cry? The day is Thine, and the night is Thine; at Thy beck the moments flee by. Grant thereof a space for our meditations in the hidden things of Thy law, and close it not against us who knock. For not in vain wouldest Thou have the darksome secrets of so many pages written; nor are those forests without their harts which retire therein and range and walk; feed, lie down, and ruminate. Perfect me, O Lord, and reveal them unto me. Behold, Thy voice is my joy; Thy voice exceedeth the abundance of pleasures. Give what I love: for I do love; and this hast Thou given: forsake not Thy own gifts, nor despise Thy green herb that thirsteth. Let me confess unto Thee whatsoever I shall find in Thy books, and hear the voice of praise, and drink in Thee, and meditate on the wonderful things out of Thy law; even from the beginning, wherein Thou madest the heaven and the earth, unto the everlasting reigning of Thy holy city with Thee. Lord, have mercy on me, and hear my desire. For it is not, I deem, of the earth, not of gold and silver, and precious stones, or gorgeous apparel, or

Korean darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린, 우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, 광명이 없는. daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘. gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한, 훌륭한. herb: 풀, 초본, 목초, 풀잎, 향료 식물, 남자 이름, 약용 식물, 식용 식물. inaccessible: 접근하기 어려운, 친해지기 어려운, 움직여 지지 않는,

얻기 힘든, 얻기, 도달하기, 난해한, 회수하다. 가까이 가기, 어려운, 가까이하기 reveal: 보이다, 계시하다, 시현, 창틀, 어려운. 나타내다, 드러내다, 문설주, 폭로, necessities: 생필품. 밝히다, 계시, 들추어내다. rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함. ruminate: 생각에 잠기다, 되새기다, reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는, 심사하다, 심사숙고하다, 생각에 널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는. 잠겨, 반추하다, 곰곰 생각하다. retire: 회수하다, 퇴직하다, 물러나다, steal: 훔치다, 도둑질하다, 도루하다, 물러나게 하다, 자다, 아웃시키다, 훔침, 횡재, 도둑질, 도루, 몰래 손에 은퇴시키다, 아웃 시키다, 퇴각하다, 넣다, 훔친물건, 몰래가다조용히 입후보를 단념하다, 지폐 따위를 움직이다, 싸게 산 물건.

192

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

honours and offices, or the pleasures of the flesh, or necessaries for the body and for this life of our pilgrimage: all which shall be added unto those that seek Thy kingdom and Thy righteousness. Behold, O Lord my God, wherein is my desire. The wicked have told me of delights, but not such as Thy law, O Lord. Behold, wherein is my desire. Behold, Father, behold, and see and approve; and be it pleasing in the sight of Thy mercy, that I may find grace before Thee, that the inward parts of Thy words be opened to me knocking. I beseech by our Lord Jesus Christ Thy Son, the Man of Thy right hand, the Son of man, whom Thou hast established for Thyself, as Thy Mediator and ours, through Whom Thou soughtest us, not seeking Thee, but soughtest us, that we might seek Thee,—Thy Word, through Whom Thou madest all things, and among them, me also;—Thy Only-Begotten, through Whom Thou calledst to adoption the believing people, and therein me also;—I beseech Thee by Him, who sitteth at Thy right hand, and intercedeth with Thee for us, in Whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. These do I seek in Thy books. Of Him did Moses write; this saith Himself; this saith the Truth.% I would hear and understand, how “In the Beginning Thou madest the heaven and earth.” Moses wrote this, wrote and departed, passed hence from Thee to Thee; nor is he now before me. For if he were, I would hold him and ask him, and beseech him by Thee to open these things unto me, and would lay the ears of my body to the sounds bursting out of his mouth. And should he speak Hebrew, in vain will it strike on my senses, nor would aught of it touch my mind; but if Latin, I should know what he said. But whence should I know, whether he spake truth? Yea, and if I knew this also, should I know it from him? Truly within me, within, in the chamber of my thoughts, Truth, neither Hebrew, nor Greek, nor Latin, nor barbarian, without organs of voice or tongue, or sound of syllables, would say, “It is truth,” and I forthwith should say confidently to that man of Thine, “thou sayest truly.” Whereas then I cannot enquire of him, Thee, Thee I beseech, O Truth, full of Whom he spake truth, Thee, my God, I beseech, forgive my sins; and Thou, who gavest him Thy servant to speak these things, give to me also to understand them.

Korean adoption: 채택, 양자 결연, 채용, 입양. approve: 찬성하다, 시인하다, 실증하다, 인가하다, 마음에들다, 승인하다, 보여주다-시인하다, 보여주다, 좋다고 인정하다, 수락하다, 임을 보이다. barbarian: 야만인, 외국인, 미개한, 미개인의, 교양없는 사람-야만적인, 야만의, 야만적인, 교양 없다, 외국의, 이방인, 교양없는 사람.

established: 확립된, 만성의, 확정된 ·, 입에 자근자근 씹다, 재갈이나 고삐에 확정된, 상비의, 국립의, 정착하여. 길들게 하다, 언어 기관으로서의 입. hence: 그러므로, 사라져, 이제부터, strike: 때리다, 치다, 찌어내다, 여기서 부터, 그 결과, 여기서부터, 부딪다, 발견하다, 느끼게 하다, 금후, 이 세상에서 떠나라, 이런 뜻밖에 만나다, 푹 찌르다, 맞히다, 까닭에. 가하다, 공격하다. kingdom: 계, 왕국, 분야, 세계, 왕토, write: 쓰다, 기록하다, 저작하다, 신정, 왕의 통치. 편지를 쓰다, 써넣다, 써서 칭하다, mouth: 입, 찡그린 얼굴, 부양 가족, 나타내다, 기술하다, 글씨를 쓰다, 출입구, 건방진 말투, 찌푸린 얼굴, 기억 장치에 기록하다, 쓰이다. 큰소리로 말하다, 입에 넣고 씹다,

Augustine

193

Behold, the heavens and the earth are; they proclaim that they were created; for they change and vary. Whereas whatsoever hath not been made, and yet is, hath nothing in it, which before it had not; and this it is, to change and vary. They proclaim also, that they made not themselves; “therefore we are, because we have been made; we were not therefore, before we were, so as to make ourselves.” Now the evidence of the thing, is the voice of the speakers. Thou therefore, Lord, madest them; who art beautiful, for they are beautiful; who art good, for they are good; who art, for they are; yet are they not beautiful nor good, nor are they, as Thou their Creator art; compared with Whom, they are neither beautiful, nor good, nor are. This we know, thanks be to Thee. And our knowledge, compared with Thy knowledge, is ignorance.% But how didst Thou make the heaven and the earth? and what the engine of Thy so mighty fabric? For it was not as a human artificer, forming one body from another, according to the discretion of his mind, which can in some way invest with such a form, as it seeth in itself by its inward eye. And whence should he be able to do this, unless Thou hadst made that mind? and he invests with a form what already existeth, and hath a being, as clay, or stone, or wood, or gold, or the like. And whence should they be, hadst not Thou appointed them? Thou madest the artificer his body, Thou the mind commanding the limbs, Thou the matter whereof he makes any thing; Thou the apprehension whereby to take in his art, and see within what he doth without; Thou the sense of his body, whereby, as by an interpreter, he may from mind to matter, convey that which he doth, and report to his mind what is done; that it within may consult the truth, which presideth over itself, whether it be well done or no. All these praise Thee, the Creator of all. But how dost Thou make them? how, O God, didst Thou make heaven and earth? Verily, neither in the heaven, nor in the earth, didst Thou make heaven and earth; nor in the air, or waters, seeing these also belong to the heaven and the earth; nor in the whole world didst Thou make the whole world; because there was no place where to make it, before it was made, that it might be. Nor didst Thou hold any thing in Thy hand, whereof to make heaven and earth. For whence shouldest Thou have this, which Thou hadst not made, thereof to make any thing? For what is, but because Thou art?

Korean appointed: 지정된, 설비된, 약속의, 정해진, 설비를 갖춘. apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정. convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 나타내다, 운반하다, 시사하다. discretion: 신중, 행동의 자유, 분별, 사려, 자유 재량, 마음대로, 분별 연령, 판단의 자유, 선택의 자유. engine: 기관차, 엔진, 기구, 기계,

기관, 병기, 수단, 기관을 장치하는, 투자하다, 수여하다, 쓰다, 싸다, 발동기. 지니게하다, 착용시키다, 부여하다, fabric: 구조, 조직, 직물, 피륙, 구조물, 에 투자하다. 짜임새, 편물, 천, 건물, 구성법, 바탕. proclaim: 선언하다, 나타내다, forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대. 공표하다, 금지령을 선포하다, gold: 금, 금의, 금도금, 부, 황금, 선포하다, 지역 따위에 금령을 금으로 만든, 금빛, 금화, 금제품, 내리다, 금령을 내리다. 과녁의 한복판, 금색. vary: 바꾸다, 다르다, 변하다, interpreter: 연출자, 해석자, 번역기, 다양하게 하다, 가지각색이다, 통역자, 해석프로그램, 설명자, 통역. 수정하다, 변주하다, 변곡 하다, 변이 invest: 포위하다, 입히다, 주다, 하다, 변주 하다, 달라지다.

194

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

Therefore Thou spokest, and they were made, and in Thy Word Thou madest them.% But how didst Thou speak? In the way that the voice came out of the cloud, saying, This is my beloved Son? For that voice passed by and passed away, began and ended; the syllables sounded and passed away, the second after the first, the third after the second, and so forth in order, until the last after the rest, and silence after the last. Whence it is abundantly clear and plain that the motion of a creature expressed it, itself temporal, serving Thy eternal will. And these Thy words, created for a time, the outward ear reported to the intelligent soul, whose inward ear lay listening to Thy Eternal Word. But she compared these words sounding in time, with that Thy Eternal Word in silence, and said “It is different, far different. These words are far beneath me, nor are they, because they flee and pass away; but the Word of my Lord abideth above me for ever.” If then in sounding and passing words Thou saidst that heaven and earth should be made, and so madest heaven and earth, there was a corporeal creature before heaven and earth, by whose motions in time that voice might take his course in time. But there was nought corporeal before heaven and earth; or if there were, surely Thou hadst, without such a passing voice, created that, whereof to make this passing voice, by which to say, Let the heaven and the earth be made. For whatsoever that were, whereof such a voice were made, unless by Thee it were made, it could not be at all. By what Word then didst Thou speak, that a body might be made, whereby these words again might be made? Thou callest us then to understand the Word, God, with Thee God, Which is spoken eternally, and by It are all things spoken eternally. For what was spoken was not spoken successively, one thing concluded that the next might be spoken, but all things together and eternally. Else have we time and change; and not a true eternity nor true immortality. This I know, O my God, and give thanks. I know, I confess to Thee, O Lord, and with me there knows and blesses Thee, whoso is not unthankful to assure Truth. We know, Lord, we know; since inasmuch as anything is not which was, and is, which was not, so far forth it

Korean assure: 보증하다, 납득시키다, 보험에 움직이지 않는, 의회 등에서의 동의, 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 넣다, 안심시키다, 확신시키다, 정지한, 동의, 제의, 운동, 운전. 소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 확실히하다, 납득하다, 확실하게 passing: 통행하는, 합격의, 대충의, 조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 하다, 보험을 걸다. 목전의, 삽시간의, 소멸, 통행, 측량, 소리나는. cloud: 구름, 흐림, 더럽히다, 구름 통과하는, 통과, 의안 따위의 통과, successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 무늬로 아로새기다, 구름으로 덮다, 사건 따위의 발생. 잇달아서. 흐리다, 흐리게 하다, 애매하게 silence: 묵살, 무소식, 침묵, 침묵을 thanks: 고마워요, 감사합니다, 만들다, 부드러운 스카프, 먼지, 어둠. 지킴, 침묵시키는 사람, 침묵 지키다, 고맙습니다, 감사. eternally: 영원히, 끊임없이, 끝없이, 잠잠하게 하다, 소음장치, 비밀, 망각, unthankful: 감사하지 않은, 고맙게 언제나, 영구히. 조용히. 여기지 않는, 고맙지 않은, 반갑잖은, motion: 움직임, 동작, 신청, 몸짓, sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로 감사하지 않는.

Augustine

195

dieth and ariseth. Nothing then of Thy Word doth give place or replace, because It is truly immortal and eternal. And therefore unto the Word coeternal with Thee Thou dost at once and eternally say all that Thou dost say; and whatever Thou sayest shall be made is made; nor dost Thou make, otherwise than by saying; and yet are not all things made together, or everlasting, which Thou makest by saying.% Why, I beseech Thee, O Lord my God? I see it in a way; but how to express it, I know not, unless it be, that whatsoever begins to be, and leaves off to be, begins then, and leaves off then, when in Thy eternal Reason it is known, that it ought to begin or leave off; in which Reason nothing beginneth or leaveth off. This is Thy Word, which is also “the Beginning, because also It speaketh unto us.” Thus in the Gospel He speaketh through the flesh; and this sounded outwardly in the ears of men; that it might be believed and sought inwardly, and found in the eternal Verity; where the good and only Master teacheth all His disciples. There, Lord, hear I Thy voice speaking unto me; because He speaketh us, who teacheth us; but He that teacheth us not, though He speaketh, to us He speaketh not. Who now teacheth us, but the unchangeable Truth? for even when we are admonished through a changeable creature; we are but led to the unchangeable Truth; where we learn truly, while we stand and hear Him, and rejoice greatly because of the Bridegroom’s voice, restoring us to Him, from Whom we are. And therefore the Beginning, because unless It abided, there should not, when we went astray, be whither to return. But when we return from error, it is through knowing; and that we may know, He teacheth us, because He is the Beginning, and speaking unto us. In this Beginning, O God, hast Thou made heaven and earth, in Thy Word, in Thy Son, in Thy Power, in Thy Wisdom, in Thy Truth; wondrously speaking, and wondrously making. Who shall comprehend? Who declare it? What is that which gleams through me, and strikes my heart without hurting it; and I shudder and kindle? I shudder, inasmuch as I unlike it; I kindle, inasmuch as I am like it. It is Wisdom, Wisdom’s self which gleameth through me; severing my cloudiness which yet again mantles over me, fainting from it, through the

Korean begin: 착수하다, 시작되다, 시작하다, 말하기 시작하다, 할 것 같지 않다, 하기 시작하다. beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다. cloudiness: 우울, 흐림, 운량, 몽롱함, 둔함, 음침함, 침울, 흐린 하늘, 흐린날씨, 구름무늬. express: 명시된, 명백한, 표시하다, 특별히, 표현하다, 급행의, 지급편, 특별한, 정확한, 지급편으로 보내다,

운송회사. fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는, 기철의, 의기소침. inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은. kindle: 타오르게 하다, 빛나다, 점화하다, 불을 붙이다, 밝게 하다, 불이 붙다, 흥분하다, 얼굴 따위가 빛나다, 정열 따위를 타오르게 하다, 불붙다, 태우다. replace: 되돌리다, 에 대신하다, 제자리에 놓다, 돌려주다, 바꾸다,

갚다, 교대시키다, 교환하다, 대체하다, 복지시키다, 복직시키다. stand: 일어서다, 위치하다, 세우다, 서다, 침로를 잡다, 받다, 괴다, 멈춰서다, 오래가다, 고수하다, 참다. wondrously: 불가사의하게, 놀랄만하게.

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darkness which for my punishment gathers upon me. For my strength is brought down in need, so that I cannot support my blessings, till Thou, Lord, Who hast been gracious to all mine iniquities, shalt heal all my infirmities. For Thou shalt also redeem my life from corruption, and crown me with loving kindness and tender mercies, and shalt satisfy my desire with good things, because my youth shall be renewed like an eagle’s. For in hope we are saved, wherefore we through patience wait for Thy promises. Let him that is able, hear Thee inwardly discoursing out of Thy oracle: I will boldly cry out, How wonderful are Thy works, O Lord, in Wisdom hast Thou made them all; and this Wisdom is the Beginning, and in that Beginning didst Thou make heaven and earth.% Lo, are they not full of their old leaven, who say to us, “What was God doing before He made heaven and earth? For if (say they) He were unemployed and wrought not, why does He not also henceforth, and for ever, as He did heretofore? For did any new motion arise in God, and a new will to make a creature, which He had never before made, how then would that be a true eternity, where there ariseth a will, which was not? For the will of God is not a creature, but before the creature; seeing nothing could be created, unless the will of the Creator had preceded. The will of God then belongeth to His very Substance. And if aught have arisen in God’s Substance, which before was not, that Substance cannot be truly called eternal. But if the will of God has been from eternity that the creature should be, why was not the creature also from eternity?” Who speak thus, do not yet understand Thee, O Wisdom of God, Light of souls, understand not yet how the things be made, which by Thee, and in Thee are made: yet they strive to comprehend things eternal, whilst their heart fluttereth between the motions of things past and to come, and is still unstable. Who shall hold it, and fix it, that it be settled awhile, and awhile catch the glory of that everfixed Eternity, and compare it with the times which are never fixed, and see that it cannot be compared; and that a long time cannot become long, but out of many motions passing by, which cannot be prolonged altogether; but that

Korean arise: 일어나다, 부활하다, 발생하다, 소생하다, 나타나다, 되살아나다, 아침에 일어나다, 피어오르다, 생기다. awhile: 잠시, 잠깐. catch: 걸리다, 발견하다, 쥐다, 붙들다, 잡기, 손잡이, 붙들려고 하다, 사람을 속이는, 걸다, 얻고 싶은 것, 의 주의를 끌다. crown: 왕관, 화관, 영관, 관을 씌우다, 금관을 씌우다, 꼭대기, 왕관표, 절정,

의 최후를 장식하다, 의 머리를 때리다, 의 꼭대기에 올려 놓다. gathers: 주름. henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후. prolonged: 연장한, 오래 끈, 오래 끝. strength: 힘, 저항력, 강도, 병력, 농도, 효력, 강하기, 의지, 힘이 되는 것, 을 의지하여, 강점. tender: 허약한, 간호인, 부드러운, 제출하다, 입찰하다, 부속선, 감시인, 입찰, 제공, 친절한, 탄수차.

unemployed: 실직한, 일이 없는, 한가한, 실업자, 이용안 하는, 활용안 하는. unstable: 불안정한, 변하기쉬운, 분해하기쉬운, 마음이 변하기 쉬운, 분해하기 쉬운. wait: 기다리다, 늦추다, 기다림, 기다리는 시간, 시중들다, 시중을 들다, 미루다, 성가대, 방문하다, 하지 않고 내버려 두다, 따르다. whilst: 그런데, 하는 동안, 하지만.

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in%the Eternal nothing passeth, but the whole is present; whereas no time is all at once present: and that all time past, is driven on by time to come, and all to come followeth upon the past; and all past and to come, is created, and flows out of that which is ever present? Who shall hold the heart of man, that it may stand still, and see how eternity ever still-standing, neither past nor to come, uttereth the times past and to come? Can my hand do this, or the hand of my mouth by speech bring about a thing so great? See, I answer him that asketh, “What did God before He made heaven and earth?” I answer not as one is said to have done merrily (eluding the pressure of the question), “He was preparing hell (saith he) for pryers into mysteries.” It is one thing to answer enquiries, another to make sport of enquirers. So I answer not; for rather had I answer, “I know not,” what I know not, than so as to raise a laugh at him who asketh deep things and gain praise for one who answereth false things. But I say that Thou, our God, art the Creator of every creature: and if by the name “heaven and earth,” every creature be understood; I boldly say, “that before God made heaven and earth, He did not make any thing.” For if He made, what did He make but a creature? And would I knew whatsoever I desire to know to my profit, as I know, that no creature was made, before there was made any creature. But if any excursive brain rove over the images of forepassed times, and wonder that Thou the God Almighty and All-creating and All-supporting, Maker of heaven and earth, didst for innumerable ages forbear from so great a work, before Thou wouldest make it; let him awake and consider, that he wonders at false conceits. For whence could innumerable ages pass by, which Thou madest not, Thou the Author and Creator of all ages? or what times should there be, which were not made by Thee? or how should they pass by, if they never were? Seeing then Thou art the Creator of all times, if any time was before Thou madest heaven and earth, why say they that Thou didst forego working? For that very time didst Thou make, nor could times pass by, before Thou madest those times. But if before heaven and earth there was no time, why is it

Korean brain: 두뇌, 뇌, 지력, 지적인 사람, 두뇌부, 지적 지도자. excursive: 산만한, 지엽적인, 배회하는, 본론에서 벗어난. hell: 지옥, 마굴, 지옥과 같은 장소, 빌어먹을, 이세상의 지옥, 저승. laugh: 웃다, 웃음, 흥겨워하다, 시키다, 조모하다, 웃으며 ...하다, 곡식 따위가 유쾌한 듯이 소리내어 웃다, 경치 따위가 유쾌한 듯이 소리내어 웃다, 물 따위가 유쾌한

듯이 소리내어 웃다, 소리를 내어 speech: 말, 연설, 말투, 담화, 화법, 웃다, 웃어서 이르게 하다. 표현력, 이야기, 언어 국어 방언, merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게. 언어능력, 연설법, 말하기. profit: 이윤, 남다, 벌이, 이익, 이익을 sport: 운동가, 농담, 운동회, 노름꾼, 얻다, 득, 금전상의 벌이, 이익이 낭비하다, 장난, 과시하다, 오락, 되다, 의 이익이 되다. 경기, 시원시원한 남자, 사냥꾼. rove: 헤매다, 배회하다, 유랑하다, wonder: 이 아닐까 생각하다, 놀라다, 유랑, 임의로 정한 먼 과녁을 소다, 산 놀라움, 이상하게 생각하다, 미끼로 견지질하다, 조방사, 항상 불가사의, 놀라운, 놀라운 사물, 이동하다, 헤맴, 방랑, 거칠게 자은 경탄할 만한 사람, 경탄할 불가사의한 실. 사람, 경이, 의심하다.

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demanded, what Thou then didst? For there was no “then,” when there was no time. Nor dost Thou by time, precede time: else shouldest Thou not precede all times. But Thou precedest all things past, by the sublimity of an ever-present eternity; and surpassest all future because they are future, and when they come, they shall be past; but Thou art the Same, and Thy years fail not. Thy years neither come nor go; whereas ours both come and go, that they all may come. Thy years stand together, because they do stand; nor are departing thrust out by coming years, for they pass not away; but ours shall all be, when they shall no more be. Thy years are one day; and Thy day is not daily, but To-day, seeing Thy To-day gives not place unto to-morrow, for neither doth it replace yesterday. Thy To-day, is Eternity; therefore didst Thou beget The Coeternal, to whom Thou saidst, This day have I begotten Thee. Thou hast made all things; and before all times Thou art: neither in any time was time not.% At no time then hadst Thou not made any thing, because time itself Thou madest. And no times are coeternal with Thee, because Thou abidest; but if they abode, they should not be times. For what is time? Who can readily and briefly explain this? Who can even in thought comprehend it, so as to utter a word about it? But what in discourse do we mention more familiarly and knowingly, than time? And, we understand, when we speak of it; we understand also, when we hear it spoken of by another. What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not: yet I say boldly that I know, that if nothing passed away, time past were not; and if nothing were coming, a time to come were not; and if nothing were, time present were not. Those two times then, past and to come, how are they, seeing the past now is not, and that to come is not yet? But the present, should it always be present, and never pass into time past, verily it should not be time, but eternity. If time present (if it is to be time) only cometh into existence, because it passeth into time past, how can we say that either this is, whose cause of being is, that it shall not be; so, namely, that we cannot truly say that time is, but because it is tending not to be?

Korean beget: 낳다, 돌보다, 생기다, 자식을 실재물, 존재물. 보다, 생기게 하다. explain: 설명하다, 변명하다, briefly: 간결하게, 짧게, 간단히. 덧붙이기, 해석하다, 허사, 욕설, cause: 이유, 원인, 소송, 대의, 주의, 군더더기, 해명하다. 의 원인이 되다, 하게 하다, 끼치다, fail: 실패하다, 부족하다, 낙제하다, 일으키다, 주장, 정당한이유. 게을리하다, 파산하다, 모자라다, daily: 일간 신문, 날마다, 매일의, 약해지다, 파산하다-실망시키다, 매일, 일부의, 일상의, 매일 계산하는, 없다, 흉작이 되다, 약속 따위를 통근하는 하녀. 태만히 하다. ever-present: 항상 존재하는. future: 미래, 미래의, 약혼자, 미래 existence: 존재, 생활, 실재, 생존, 시제, 장래의, 장래, 미래시제,

선물계약, 선물, 미래 시제의, 전도. mention: 이름을 들다, 진술하다, 언급하다, 언급, 이름을 들기, 말하다. sublimity: 장엄, 장엄한 것, 절정, 극치, 웅대, 고상, 숭고한 인물. understand: 이해하다, 의 의미로 해석하다, 추측하다, 정통하다, 전해듣고 있다, 이해력이 있다, 생각하다, 마음 속에서 보충하다, 들어서 알다, 들어서 알고 있다, 알다.

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And yet we say, “a long time” and “a short time”; still, only of time past or to come. A long time past (for example) we call an hundred years since; and a long time to come, an hundred years hence. But a short time past, we call (suppose) often days since; and a short time to come, often days hence. But in what sense is that long or short, which is not? For the past, is not now; and the future, is not yet. Let us not then say, “it is long”; but of the past, “it hath been long”; and of the future, “it will be long.” O my Lord, my Light, shall not here also Thy Truth mock at man? For that past time which was long, was it long when it was now past, or when it was yet present? For then might it be long, when there was, what could be long; but when past, it was no longer; wherefore neither could that be long, which was not at all. Let us not then say, “time past hath been long”: for we shall not find, what hath been long, seeing that since it was past, it is no more, but let us say, “that present time was long”; because, when it was present, it was long. For it had not yet passed away, so as not to be; and therefore there was, what could be long; but after it was past, that ceased also to be long, which ceased to be.% Let us see then, thou soul of man, whether present time can be long: for to thee it is given to feel and to measure length of time. What wilt thou answer me? Are an hundred years, when present, a long time? See first, whether an hundred years can be present. For if the first of these years be now current, it is present, but the other ninety and nine are to come, and therefore are not yet, but if the second year be current, one is now past, another present, the rest to come. And so if we assume any middle year of this hundred to be present, all before it, are past; all after it, to come; wherefore an hundred years cannot be present. But see at least whether that one which is now current, itself is present; for if the current month be its first, the rest are to come; if the second, the first is already past, and the rest are not yet. Therefore, neither is the year now current present; and if not present as a whole, then is not the year present. For twelve months are a year; of which whatever by the current month is present; the rest past, or to come. Although neither is that current month present; but one day only; the rest being to come, if it be the first; past, if the last; if any of the middle, then amid past and to come.

Korean assume: 몸에차리다, 가정하다, 떠맡다, 생각하다, 짐짓 가장을하다, 가로채다, 책임을지다, 사실이라고 보다, 사실이라고 생각하다, 인 체하다, 제 것으로 삼다. current: 전류, 경향, 통용하는, 흐름, 유행하는, 조류, 풍조, 현재의, 흘림 글씨의, 현행의, 지금의. length: 길이, 기간, 세로, 기장, 특정 표준의 길이, 음절의 길이, 정신, 행동의 철저한 범위, 시간적인 길이,

보트의 정신, 모음의 길이. measure: 법안, 치수, 운율, 한도, 측정, 측량, 척도, 수단, 크기, 박자, 표준. mock: 모조의, 조소하다, 우롱, 흉내내어 우롱하다, 조소의 대상, 조롱하다, 무시하다-조소의 대상, 무시하다, 모방, 흉내내어 우룡하다, 모조품. ninety: 세기의 구십년대, 아흔, 구십의, 아흔의, 구십.

short: 갑자기, 짧게, 키가 작은, 부족한, 독한, 짧은, 짧은 음의, 부족하여, 미치지 못하다, 간단한, 깨지기 쉬운. twelve: 십이의 기호, 열두의, 열두개 한 조의 것, 열두개의, 열두시, 열두, 열두명 한 조의 것. whatever: 조금의 ...도, 어떤 ...이라도, 것은 무엇이나, 무엇이 ...하든지, 것은 무엇이든지, 도대체 무엇이, 일은 무엇이든지.

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See%how the present time, which alone we found could be called long, is abridged to the length scarce of one day. But let us examine that also; because neither is one day present as a whole. For it is made up of four and twenty hours of night and day: of which, the first hath the rest to come; the last hath them past; and any of the middle hath those before it past, those behind it to come. Yea, that one hour passeth away in flying particles. Whatsoever of it hath flown away, is past; whatsoever remaineth, is to come. If an instant of time be conceived, which cannot be divided into the smallest particles of moments, that alone is it, which may be called present. Which yet flies with such speed from future to past, as not to be lengthened out with the least stay. For if it be, it is divided into past and future. The present hath no space. Where then is the time, which we may call long? Is it to come? Of it we do not say, “it is long”; because it is not yet, so as to be long; but we say, “it will be long.” When therefore will it be? For if even then, when it is yet to come, it shall not be long (because what can be long, as yet is not), and so it shall then be long, when from future which as yet is not, it shall begin now to be, and have become present, that so there should exist what may be long; then does time present cry out in the words above, that it cannot be long. And yet, Lord, we perceive intervals of times, and compare them, and say, some are shorter, and others longer. We measure also, how much longer or shorter this time is than that; and we answer, “This is double, or treble; and that, but once, or only just so much as that.” But we measure times as they are passing, by perceiving them; but past, which now are not, or the future, which are not yet, who can measure? unless a man shall presume to say, that can be measured, which is not. When then time is passing, it may be perceived and measured; but when it is past, it cannot, because it is not. I ask, Father, I affirm not: O my God, rule and guide me. “Who will tell me that there are not three times (as we learned when boys, and taught boys), past, present, and future; but present only, because those two are not? Or are they also; and when from future it becometh present, doth it come out of some secret place; and so, when retiring, from present it becometh past? For where did they,

Korean divided: 분할된, 열개한, 갈라진, 분리된, 분배한, 각기 다른. double: 접다, 모호한, 쌍의, 일을겸하다, 달리다, 표리가 있는, 겹치다, 거짓의, 이중으로, 표리가있는, 급회전. exist: 존재하다, 실존하다, 생존하다, 실재하다, 존재, 있다. flown: 혼합 색으로 장식한. flying: 나는 듯이 빠른, 나는, 질주, 비행, 공중에 뜨는, 급히 서두르는,

솜나부랑이, 공중에 떠도는, 흩날리는 주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 것, 펄럭이는, 뛰어 달아나는. 가정하다. guide: 안내자, 가이드, 지도자, speed: 성공, 속력, 급히 가다, 각성제, 지도하다, 정찰대, 지휘자, 길잡이, 속도, 번영, 신속, 빠르기, 질주하다, 도표, 소녀단, 움직이다, 안내. 변속장치, 성공하다. measured: 신중한, 정확히 잰, 정연한, treble: 새된, 소프라노, 세 겹, 고려한, 표준에입각한, 정확하게잰, 최고음부, 같은 말에 의한 세레이스 율동적인, 박자가맞는, 박자가 맞는, 우승, 세곱하다, 삼배의, 삼배, 높은, 알맞은, 운을 다는. 고음부의 악기, 고음부의 목소리. presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, twenty: 스물. 이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다,

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who%foretold things to come, see them, if as yet they be not? For that which is not, cannot be seen. And they who relate things past, could not relate them, if in mind they did not discern them, and if they were not, they could no way be discerned. Things then past and to come, are.” Permit me, Lord, to seek further. O my hope, let not my purpose be confounded. For if times past and to come be, I would know where they be. Which yet if I cannot, yet I know, wherever they be, they are not there as future, or past, but present. For if there also they be future, they are not yet there; if there also they be past, they are no longer there. Wheresoever then is whatsoever is, it is only as present. Although when past facts are related, there are drawn out of the memory, not the things themselves which are past, but words which, conceived by the images of the things, they, in passing, have through the senses left as traces in the mind. Thus my childhood, which now is not, is in time past, which now is not: but now when I recall its image, and tell of it, I behold it in the present, because it is still in my memory. Whether there be a like cause of foretelling things to come also; that of things which as yet are not, the images may be perceived before, already existing, I confess, O my God, I know not. This indeed I know, that we generally think before on our future actions, and that that forethinking is present, but the action whereof we forethink is not yet, because it is to come. Which, when we have set upon, and have begun to do what we were forethinking, then shall that action be; because then it is no longer future, but present. Which way soever then this secret fore-perceiving of things to come be; that only can be seen, which is. But what now is, is not future, but present. When then things to come are said to be seen, it is not themselves which as yet are not (that is, which are to be), but their causes perchance or signs are seen, which already are. Therefore they are not future but present to those who now see that, from which the future, being foreconceived in the mind, is foretold. Which foreconceptions again now are; and those who foretell those things, do behold the conceptions present before them. Let now the numerous variety of things furnish me some example. I behold the day-break, I foreshow, that the sun, is

Korean actions: 행위, 행실, 거등. childhood: 초기 단계, 유년기.어림, 어린시절, 유년, 유년 시대, 초기의 시대, 어린 시절. drawn: 비긴, 빼낸, 속을빼낸, 찡그린, 잡아뽑은, 내장을 따낸, 잡아당겨 늘어진, 잡아당겨 일그러진, 그어진. existing: 현존하는. foreshow: 예시하다. generally: 보통, 일반적으로, 대개, 통상.

hope: 희망하다, 바라다, 기대, 호프, 희망, 유망한 사람, 희망을 품다, 기대하다, 소망, 바람, 희망을 주는 것. numerous: 다수의, 곡조가 아름다운, 많은, 셀수 없이 많은, 수많은. purpose: 목적, 의도, 의지, 효과, 의의, 잘, 하려고 생각하다, 결심, 계획하다, 의도하다, 용도. related: 관계 있는, 관계가 있는, 관련된, 동족의, 친족의, 관계있는.

soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도. variety: 변화, 종류, 변종, 변형, 버라이어티쇼, 다양, 여러가지를 그려 모은것, 버라이어티의, 모은 것, 버라이어티 연예. wherever: 대체 어디에, 어디에 든지, 어디로 든지, 대체 어디로, 대체 어디에서, 어디든지.

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about to rise. What I behold, is present; what I foresignify, to come; not the sun, which already is; but the sun-rising, which is not yet. And yet did I not in my mind imagine the sun-rising itself (as now while I speak of it), I could not foretell it. But neither is that day-break which I discern in the sky, the sun-rising, although it goes before it; nor that imagination of my mind; which two are seen now present, that the other which is to be may be foretold. Future things then are not yet: and if they be not yet, they are not: and if they are not, they cannot be seen; yet foretold they may be from things present, which are already, and are seen.% Thou then, Ruler of Thy creation, by what way dost Thou teach souls things to come? For Thou didst teach Thy Prophets. By what way dost Thou, to whom nothing is to come, teach things to come; or rather of the future, dost teach things present? For, what is not, neither can it be taught. Too far is this way of my ken: it is too mighty for me, I cannot attain unto it; but from Thee I can, when Thou shalt vouchsafe it, O sweet light of my hidden eyes. What now is clear and plain is, that neither things to come nor past are. Nor is it properly said, “there be three times, past, present, and to come”: yet perchance it might be properly said, “there be three times; a present of things past, a present of things present, and a present of things future.” For these three do exist in some sort, in the soul, but otherwhere do I not see them; present of things past, memory; present of things present, sight; present of things future, expectation. If thus we be permitted to speak, I see three times, and I confess there are three. Let it be said too, “there be three times, past, present, and to come”: in our incorrect way. See, I object not, nor gainsay, nor find fault, if what is so said be but understood, that neither what is to be, now is, nor what is past. For but few things are there, which we speak properly, most things improperly; still the things intended are understood. I said then even now, we measure times as they pass, in order to be able to say, this time is twice so much as that one; or, this is just so much as that; and so of any other parts of time, which be measurable. Wherefore, as I said, we measure times as they pass. And if any should ask me, “How knowest thou?” I

Korean creation: 창조물, 수작, 천지 창조, 창조, 창작, 어마나, 산물, 창안, 건설, 창작품, 창세. expectation: 기대, 가망성, 예기, 예상, 유산 상속의 가망성, 바라는 목표. fault: 과실, 결점, 책임, 단층, 테니스 폴트, 단점, 실수, 흠, 냄새 자취를 잃음, 잘못. gainsay: 반박하다, 부정, 반론, 부정하다. imagination: 상상, 상상력, 창작력,

공상, 창조력, 심상, 구상력, 망상이해력. improperly: 버릇없는, 부적당한, 그른, 온당치 못한. incorrect: 부정확한, 관례상어긋난, 타당치 못한, 타당치 않은. intended: 고의의, 약혼자, 계획된, 미래의, 의도된, 미래의 남편, 예정된. ken: 시계, 지식 범위, 시야, 남자 이름, 발견하다, 안계, 소굴, 알다, 지력의 범위, 인정하다.

measurable: 알맞은, 잴 수 있는, 측정할 수 있는, 측정할 수 있는 정도의. otherwhere: 어딘가 딴 곳에, 다른 곳에. properly: 정확히, 철저히, 훌륭하게, 전적으로, 적당히, 적당하게. sky: 하늘, 날씨, 천국, 느닷없이, 기후, 창공, 높이 날리다, 경관, 천장 가까이에 진열하다. twice: 두번, 두 번, 두 배로.

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might answer, “I know, that we do measure, nor can we measure things that are not; and things past and to come, are not.” But time present how do we measure, seeing it hath no space? It is measured while passing, but when it shall have passed, it is not measured; for there will be nothing to be measured. But whence, by what way, and whither passes it while it is a measuring? whence, but from the future? Which way, but through the present? whither, but into the past? From that therefore, which is not yet, through that, which hath no space, into that, which now is not. Yet what do we measure, if not time in some space? For we do not say, single, and double, and triple, and equal, or any other like way that we speak of time, except of spaces of times. In what space then do we measure time passing? In the future, whence it passeth through? But what is not yet, we measure not. Or in the present, by which it passes? but no space, we do not measure: or in the past, to which it passes? But neither do we measure that, which now is not.% My soul is on fire to know this most intricate enigma. Shut it not up, O Lord my God, good Father; through Christ I beseech Thee, do not shut up these usual, yet hidden things, from my desire, that it be hindered from piercing into them; but let them dawn through Thy enlightening mercy, O Lord. Whom shall I enquire of concerning these things? and to whom shall I more fruitfully confess my ignorance, than to Thee, to Whom these my studies, so vehemently kindled toward Thy Scriptures, are not troublesome? Give what I love; for I do love, and this hast Thou given me. Give, Father, Who truly knowest to give good gifts unto Thy children. Give, because I have taken upon me to know, and trouble is before me until Thou openest it. By Christ I beseech Thee, in His Name, Holy of holies, let no man disturb me. For I believed, and therefore do I speak. This is my hope, for this do I live, that I may contemplate the delights of the Lord. Behold, Thou hast made my days old, and they pass away, and how, I know not. And we talk of time, and time, and times, and times, “How long time is it since he said this”; “how long time since he did this”; and “how long time since I saw that”; and “this syllable hath double time to that single short syllable.” These words we speak, and these we hear, and are understood, and understand. Most

Korean contemplate: 예기하다, 응시하다, 정관하다, 기도하다, 하려고생각하다, 눈여겨보다, 명상하다, 묵상하다, 숙고하다, 심사숙고하다, 심사하다. enigma: 수수께끼, 수수께끼의 인물, 불가해안 사물. except: 제외하다, 반대하다, 기피하다, 을 제하고는, 외에는, 빼다, 이의를 내세우다. fruitfully: 효과 있게, 효과적으로, 다산으로, 비옥하게, 열매가 잘

열리게, 잘 열어서. 음절로 나누다. piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 triple: 세 부분으로 된, 세겹의, 사무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는. 삼중으로 되다, 삼배의 수, 삼배의 양, shut: 닫히다, 잠기다, 잠그다, 잠가 삼중으로 하다, 삼배으로 되다, 막다, 막다, 가로막다, 폐쇄음의, 삼루타, 삼배으로 하다, 삼중의. 휴업하다, 폐쇄하다, 닫다, 에 가두다. trouble: 고생, 걱정하다, 소동, 고장, space: 우주, 행간, 공간, 공지, 거리, 어려움, 벌을 받다, 귀찮은 일, 시간광고 시간, 줄사이, 간격, 여백, 귀찮음, 벌을 받고, 분쟁, 걱정. 어간, 대기권밖. usual: 보통의, 일상의, 예의, studies: 연구. 언제나의, 통상의, 여느 때의 건강 syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 상태, 평소에 볼 수 있는.

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manifest and ordinary they are, and the self-same things again are but too deeply hidden, and the discovery of them were new. I heard once from a learned man, that the motions of the sun, moon, and stars, constituted time, and I assented not. For why should not the motions of all bodies rather be times? Or, if the lights of heaven should cease, and a potter’s wheel run round, should there be no time by which we might measure those whirlings, and say, that either it moved with equal pauses, or if it turned sometimes slower, otherwhiles quicker, that some rounds were longer, other shorter? Or, while we were saying this, should we not also be speaking in time? Or, should there in our words be some syllables short, others long, but because those sounded in a shorter time, these in a longer? God, grant to men to see in a small thing notices common to things great and small. The stars and lights of heaven, are also for signs, and for seasons, and for years, and for days; they are; yet neither should I say, that the going round of that wooden wheel was a day, nor yet he, that it was therefore no time.% I desire to know the force and nature of time, by which we measure the motions of bodies, and say (for example) this motion is twice as long as that. For I ask, Seeing “day” denotes not the stay only of the sun upon the earth (according to which day is one thing, night another); but also its whole circuit from east to east again; according to which we say, “there passed so many days,” the night being included when we say, “so many days,” and the nights not reckoned apart;—seeing then a day is completed by the motion of the sun and by his circuit from east to east again, I ask, does the motion alone make the day, or the stay in which that motion is completed, or both? For if the first be the day; then should we have a day, although the sun should finish that course in so small a space of time, as one hour comes to. If the second, then should not that make a day, if between one sun-rise and another there were but so short a stay, as one hour comes to; but the sun must go four and twenty times about, to complete one day. If both, then neither could that be called a day; if the sun should run his whole round in the space of one hour; nor that, if, while the sun stood still, so much time should overpass, as the sun usually makes his whole

Korean circuit: 순회, 주위, 우회, 범위, 정기적 순회, 회로, 서킷, 다이아몬드, 체인, 회선, 흥행 계통. deeply: 철저히, 짙게, 깊이, 굵고 낮게, 대단히, 심각하게, 교묘히. discovery: 발견물, 발견, 발표 요구 수속, 줄거리의 전개. finish: 끝, 끝손질, 해치우다, 끝내다, 완성하다, 마무리칠을하다, 마무리하다, 죽이다, 끝나다, 매우 섬세한, 가느다란.

grant: 허가, 인가, 하사, 승낙하다, 차례서, 옛날의 자전거, 보통 수준의, 인정하다, 수여하다, 교부, 양도, 보통주. 양도하다, 교부금, 내리다. usually: 보통, 평소에, 평소에는, 늘, hour: 시각, 시, 시간, 한시간, 대개, 일반적으로. 영업시간, 한 시간, 시과, 사기, 때, wheel: 방향을 바꾸다, 선회시키다, 근무 시간, 계절의 여신들. 자전거를 타다, 움직이다, 녹로로 lights: 가축의 허파, 허파, 양 따위의 만들다, 핸들, 바퀴, 수레바퀴, 허파, 돼지 따위의 허파. 자전거, 세력가, 선회하다. nights: 밤마다, 밤에. wooden: 나무의, 얼빠진, 나무로 만든, ordinary: 보통의, 보통이하의, 직통의, 무뚝뚝한, 멍청한, 활기 없는, 융통성 평범한, 보통으로, 보통, 통상, 의식 없는.

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course in, from morning to morning. I will not therefore now ask, what that is which is called day; but, what time is, whereby we, measuring the circuit of the sun, should say that it was finished in half the time it was wont, if so be it was finished in so small a space as twelve hours; and comparing both times, should call this a single time, that a double time; even supposing the sun to run his round from east to east, sometimes in that single, sometimes in that double time. Let no man then tell me, that the motions of the heavenly bodies constitute times, because, when at the prayer of one, the sun had stood still, till he could achieve his victorious battle, the sun stood still, but time went on. For in its own allotted space of time was that battle waged and ended. I perceive time then to be a certain extension. But do I perceive it, or seem to perceive it? Thou, Light and Truth, wilt show me.% Dost Thou bid me assent, if any define time to be “motion of a body?” Thou dost not bid me. For that no body is moved, but in time, I hear; this Thou sayest; but that the motion of a body is time, I hear not; Thou sayest it not. For when a body is moved, I by time measure, how long it moveth, from the time it began to move until it left off? And if I did not see whence it began; and it continue to move so that I see not when it ends, I cannot measure, save perchance from the time I began, until I cease to see. And if I look long, I can only pronounce it to be a long time, but not how long; because when we say “how long,” we do it by comparison; as, “this is as long as that,” or “twice so long as that,” or the like. But when we can mark the distances of the places, whence and whither goeth the body moved, or his parts, if it moved as in a lathe, then can we say precisely, in how much time the motion of that body or his part, from this place unto that, was finished. Seeing therefore the motion of a body is one thing, that by which we measure how long it is, another; who sees not, which of the two is rather to be called time? For and if a body be sometimes moved, sometimes stands still, then we measure, not his motion only, but his standing still too by time; and we say, “it stood still, as much as it moved”; or “it stood still twice or thrice so long as it moved”; or any other space which our measuring hath either ascertained, or guessed; more or less, as we use to say. Time then is not the motion of a body.

Korean achieve: 이루다, 성취하다, 위업, 업적, 달하다, 얻다, 달성하다, 목적을 이루다, 세우다, 일정한 표준에 도달하다. battle: 투쟁, 전투, 싸움, 승리, 교전, 전쟁, 고투하다, 분투하다, 와 싸우다, 싸우다, 투쟁하다. constitute: 제정하다, 구성하다, 임명하다, 선정하다, 설립하다, 한 성질이다, 선임하다, 구성요소가 되다.

define: 정의를 내리다, 명확히 하다, 정밀하게. 한계를 정하다, 규정짓다, 밝히다, standing: 지위, 상비의, 서 있음, 특징짓다. 영구적인, 존속, 괴어 있는, 명성, extension: 신장, 확장, 증축, 연장, 입목, 관에 박힌, 베지 않은, 서 있는. 외연, 전화의 연장선, 확장부분, supposing: 이라면, 만약. 전충성, 이어 붙이는, 연기, 신장부분. victorious: 승리의, 승리를 가져오는, finished: 끝마친, 완전한, 끝낸, 이긴, 승리를 거둔, 전승자의, 승리를 완성된, 몰락한, 사라져가는, 나타내는, 이겨서 의기양양한, 죽어가는. 전승의. lathe: 선반. precisely: 바로 그렇다, 정확히,

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And I confess to Thee, O Lord, that I yet know not what time is, and again I confess unto Thee, O Lord, that I know that I speak this in time, and that having long spoken of time, that very “long” is not long, but by the pause of time. How then know I this, seeing I know not what time is? or is it perchance that I know not how to express what I know? Woe is me, that do not even know, what I know not. Behold, O my God, before Thee I lie not; but as I speak, so is my heart. Thou shalt light my candle; Thou, O Lord my God, wilt enlighten my darkness.% Does not my soul most truly confess unto Thee, that I do measure times? Do I then measure, O my God, and know not what I measure? I measure the motion of a body in time; and the time itself do I not measure? Or could I indeed measure the motion of a body how long it were, and in how long space it could come from this place to that, without measuring the time in which it is moved? This same time then, how do I measure? do we by a shorter time measure a longer, as by the space of a cubit, the space of a rood? for so indeed we seem by the space of a short syllable, to measure the space of a long syllable, and to say that this is double the other. Thus measure we the spaces of stanzas, by the spaces of the verses, and the spaces of the verses, by the spaces of the feet, and the spaces of the feet, by the spaces of the syllables, and the spaces of long, by the space of short syllables; not measuring by pages (for then we measure spaces, not times); but when we utter the words and they pass by, and we say “it is a long stanza, because composed of so many verses; long verses, because consisting of so many feet; long feet, because prolonged by so many syllables; a long syllable because double to a short one. But neither do we this way obtain any certain measure of time; because it may be, that a shorter verse, pronounced more fully, may take up more time than a longer, pronounced hurriedly. And so for a verse, a foot, a syllable. Whence it seemed to me, that time is nothing else than protraction; but of what, I know not; and I marvel, if it be not of the mind itself? For what, I beseech Thee, O my God, do I measure, when I say, either indefinitely “this is a longer time than that,” or definitely “this is double that”? That I measure time, I know; and yet I measure not time to come, for it is not yet; nor present, because it is not protracted by any space; nor past, because it now is not. What then do I measure? Times passing, not past? for so I said.

Korean cubit: 완척, 큐빗자, 팔꿈치의. definitely: 명확히, 확실히, 한정적으로, 틀림없이, 명백히, 절대로...아니다. feet: 발. foot: 발, 운각, 보병, 최하부, 아랫 부분, 산기슭, 발부분, 딛다, 걷다, 말석, 걸음. fully: 충분히, 꼬박, 꼭. hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서. indefinitely: 막연히, 무기한으로,

부정의, 불명료한, 불명확하게, 일정하지 않은, 한계 없는. obtain: 손에 넣다, 획득하다, 행해지다, 목적 따위를 달성하다, 얻다, 달성하다, 관습 따위가 퍼지고 있다, 관습 따위가 통용되고 있다, 관습 따위가 시행되고 있다, 견해 따위가 시행되고 있다, 견해 따위가 퍼지고 있다. pause: 휴지, 중지, 단락, 휴지 하다, 머뭇거리다, 지체, 일시적인 중지,

휴지하다, 구절, 일시 중지. protraction: 내밀기, 연기, 연장, 오래 끌기, 내뻗음, 확대 제도, 길게 끌기. rood: 십자가, 루드, 십자가 위의 그리스도상, 그리스도가 처형된 십자가. seem: 생각이 들다, 있을 것처럼 보이다, 같다, 로 보이다, 처럼 보이다, 이 있는 것처럼 생각되다, 이 정말인 것 같다, 인 것처럼 생각되다. stanza: 절, 연.

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Courage, %my mind, and press on mightily. God is our helper, He made us, and not we ourselves. Press on where truth begins to dawn. Suppose, now, the voice of a body begins to sound, and does sound, and sounds on, and list, it ceases; it is silence now, and that voice is past, and is no more a voice. Before it sounded, it was to come, and could not be measured, because as yet it was not, and now it cannot, because it is no longer. Then therefore while it sounded, it might; because there then was what might be measured. But yet even then it was not at a stay; for it was passing on, and passing away. Could it be measured the rather, for that? For while passing, it was being extended into some space of time, so that it might be measured, since the present hath no space. If therefore then it might, then, to, suppose another voice hath begun to sound, and still soundeth in one continued tenor without any interruption; let us measure it while it sounds; seeing when it hath left sounding, it will then be past, and nothing left to be measured; let us measure it verily, and tell how much it is. But it sounds still, nor can it be measured but from the instant it began in, unto the end it left in. For the very space between is the thing we measure, namely, from some beginning unto some end. Wherefore, a voice that is not yet ended, cannot be measured, so that it may be said how long, or short it is; nor can it be called equal to another, or double to a single, or the like. But when ended, it no longer is. How may it then be measured? And yet we measure times; but yet neither those which are not yet, nor those which no longer are, nor those which are not lengthened out by some pause, nor those which have no bounds. We measure neither times to come, nor past, nor present, nor passing; and yet we do measure times. “Deus Creator omnium,” this verse of eight syllables alternates between short and long syllables. The four short then, the first, third, fifth, and seventh, are but single, in respect of the four long, the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth. Every one of these to every one of those, hath a double time: I pronounce them, report on them, and find it so, as one’s plain sense perceives. By plain sense then, I measure a long syllable by a short, and I sensibly find it to have twice so much; but when one sounds after the other, if the former be short, the latter long, how shall I detain the short one, and how, measuring, shall I apply it to the long,

Korean eighth: 여덟 번째, 팔도, 팔 분, 제8의, 네분의, 네분의 하나의, 네째, 네째의, 있게. 제 팔, 여덟 분의 하나 의, 여덟 독립 기념일, 사 등품, 제 4의. seventh: 일곱째의, 일곱 번째로, 제칠, 번째의, 여덟 분의 하나. interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 제칠의, 칠도, 칠분의 하나, 칠분의 extended: 평체인, 증대한, 장기간에 중절, 불통. 하나의, 칠일, 일곱번째의 사람, 걸친, 뻗친, 광범위한, 확장된, 펼친, respect: 존경, 경의, 존경하다, 인사, 일곱번째의 사물. 광범위에 걸친. 관계, 관심, 고려하다, 주의, 고려, 점, sixth: 여섯째의, 여섯째, 육학년, 육도 fifth: 다섯분의 1, 제5, 제 오의, 제 관련되다. 음정, 여섯번째의, 여섯번째, 육분의 오번째의, 다섯번째의 사람, 다섯분의 sensibly: 현명하게, 스마트하기보다는 하나. 한갤런, 다섯분의 하나 의, 오 등품, 실용 본위로, 눈에 띌 정도로, 느끼기 tenor: 테너, 취지, 진로, 대의, 방침, 오도 음정, 다섯번째의 것, 제오. 쉽게, 분별있게, 지각 있게, 사본, 테너의. fourth: 제 사, 네번째, 네번째의, 현저히현명하게, 분별 있게, 느낄 수

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that I may find this to have twice so much; seeing the long does not begin to sound, unless the short leaves sounding? And that very long one do I measure as present, seeing I measure it not till it be ended? Now his ending is his passing away. What then is it I measure? where is the short syllable by which I measure? where the long which I measure? Both have sounded, have flown, passed away, are no more; and yet I measure, and confidently answer (so far as is presumed on a practised sense) that as to space of time this syllable is but single, that double. And yet I could not do this, unless they were already past and ended. It is not then themselves, which now are not, that I measure, but something in my memory, which there remains fixed.% It is in thee, my mind, that I measure times. Interrupt me not, that is, interrupt not thyself with the tumults of thy impressions. In thee I measure times; the impression, which things as they pass by cause in thee, remains even when they are gone; this it is which still present, I measure, not the things which pass by to make this impression. This I measure, when I measure times. Either then this is time, or I do not measure times. What when we measure silence, and say that this silence hath held as long time as did that voice? do we not stretch out our thought to the measure of a voice, as if it sounded, that so we may be able to report of the intervals of silence in a given space of time? For though both voice and tongue be still, yet in thought we go over poems, and verses, and any other discourse, or dimensions of motions, and report as to the spaces of times, how much this is in respect of that, no otherwise than if vocally we did pronounce them. If a man would utter a lengthened sound, and had settled in thought how long it should be, he hath in silence already gone through a space of time, and committing it to memory, begins to utter that speech, which sounds on, until it be brought unto the end proposed. Yea it hath sounded, and will sound; for so much of it as is finished, hath sounded already, and the rest will sound. And thus passeth it on, until the present intent conveys over the future into the past; the past increasing by the diminution of the future, until by the consumption of the future, all is past.

Korean consumption: 소비, 소모, 폐병, 소진, 소비의, 소비량, 소모병, 결핵, 폐병의. diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소, 가늘어짐. ending: 종결, 어미, 말미, 결말, 사망, 활용 어미, 어미의, 종결의, 최후의, 최후. hath: 직설법, 현재. impression: 인상, 날인, 흔적, 느낌, 자국, 생각, 인쇄, 감명, 영향, 의치의

본, 인각. increasing: 증가하는. interrupt: 방해하다, 가로막다, 중단하다, 중단시키다, 끼어들다, 일시 정지, 도중에서 방해하다, 저지하다. pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다, 단언하다-발음하다, 선언하다. rest: 쉬다, 쉼표, 휴식, 대, 휴식하다, 수면, 영면하다, 휴양, 휴지, 안심,

안심하고 있다. single: 단 하나의, 혼자의, 단일, 일편단심의, 일치한, 편도의, 단식의, 독신의, 단식 시합의, 단식시합, 홑의. thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로. vocally: 소리를 내어, 목소리로, 말로, 구두로.

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But%how is that future diminished or consumed, which as yet is not? or how that past increased, which is now no longer, save that in the mind which enacteth this, there be three things done? For it expects, it considers, it remembers; that so that which it expecteth, through that which it considereth, passeth into that which it remembereth. Who therefore denieth, that things to come are not as yet? and yet, there is in the mind an expectation of things to come. And who denies past things to be now no longer? and yet is there still in the mind a memory of things past. And who denieth the present time hath no space, because it passeth away in a moment? and yet our consideration continueth, through which that which shall be present proceedeth to become absent. It is not then future time, that is long, for as yet it is not: but a long future, is “a long expectation of the future,” nor is it time past, which now is not, that is long; but a long past, is “a long memory of the past.” I am about to repeat a Psalm that I know. Before I begin, my expectation is extended over the whole; but when I have begun, how much soever of it I shall separate off into the past, is extended along my memory; thus the life of this action of mine is divided between my memory as to what I have repeated, and expectation as to what I am about to repeat; but “consideration” is present with me, that through it what was future, may be conveyed over, so as to become past. Which the more it is done again and again, so much the more the expectation being shortened, is the memory enlarged: till the whole expectation be at length exhausted, when that whole action being ended, shall have passed into memory. And this which takes place in the whole Psalm, the same takes place in each several portion of it, and each several syllable; the same holds in that longer action, whereof this Psalm may be part; the same holds in the whole life of man, whereof all the actions of man are parts; the same holds through the whole age of the sons of men, whereof all the lives of men are parts. But because Thy loving-kindness is better than all lives, behold, my life is but a distraction, and Thy right hand upheld me, in my Lord the Son of man, the Mediator betwixt Thee, The One, and us many, many also through our manifold distractions amid many things, that by Him I may apprehend in Whom I have

Korean apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, 이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다이해하다, 감지하다. betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에. consideration: 고려, 보수, 약인, 참작, 경의, 고려할 사항, 존중, 헤아림, 팁, 중요함, 중요성. enlarged: 넓어지는, 상세하게 설명하는, 석방하는, 크게 하는, 확장하는.

manifold: 다양한, 다방면의, 복사를 면케하다, 은 도로 치고, 저장, 뜨다, 여러가지의, 다수의, 사본, 지키다. 다양성, 복사 지로 복사한 사본, separate: 가르다, 갈라진, 식별하다, 복사기로 복사한 사본. 별거시키다, 불화케하다, 단독의, repeat: 반복, 되풀이, 암송하다, 분리한, 따로따로의, 격리시키다, 반복절, 이중 투표를 하다, 구별하다, 끊어지다. 되풀이하다, 복창하다, 되풀이 하다, soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 사본, 재공급, 재방송 프로그램. ~이라도. repeated: 되풀이된, 거듭된. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, save: 오래가다, 을 제외하고, 덜다, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. 모으다, 구해내다, 절약하다, 건지다,

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been apprehended, and may be re-collected from my old conversation, to follow The One, forgetting what is behind, and not distended but extended, not to things which shall be and shall pass away, but to those things which are before, not distractedly but intently, I follow on for the prize of my heavenly calling, where I may hear the voice of Thy praise, and contemplate Thy delights, neither to come, nor to pass away. But now are my years spent in mourning. And Thou, O Lord, art my comfort, my Father everlasting, but I have been severed amid times, whose order I know not; and my thoughts, even the inmost bowels of my soul, are rent and mangled with tumultuous varieties, until I flow together into Thee, purified and molten by the fire of Thy love.% And now will I stand, and become firm in Thee, in my mould, Thy truth; nor will I endure the questions of men, who by a penal disease thirst for more than they can contain, and say, “what did God before He made heaven and earth?” Or, “How came it into His mind to make any thing, having never before made any thing?” Give them, O Lord, well to bethink themselves what they say, and to find, that “never” cannot be predicated, when “time” is not. This then that He is said “never to have made”; what else is it to say, than “in ‘no have made?” Let them see therefore, that time cannot be without created being, and cease to speak that vanity. May they also be extended towards those things which are before; and understand Thee before all times, the eternal Creator of all times, and that no times be coeternal with Thee, nor any creature, even if there be any creature before all times. O Lord my God, what a depth is that recess of Thy mysteries, and how far from it have the consequences of my transgressions cast me! Heal mine eyes, that I may share the joy of Thy light. Certainly, if there be mind gifted with such vast knowledge and foreknowledge, as to know all things past and to come, as I know one well-known Psalm, truly that mind is passing wonderful, and fearfully amazing; in that nothing past, nothing to come in after-ages, is any more hidden from him, than when I sung that Psalm, was hidden from me what, and how much of it had passed away from the beginning, what, and how much there remained unto the end. But far be it that Thou the Creator of the Universe,

Korean amazing: 굉장한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄만한, 이상한. beginning: 처음, 개시, 발단, 시작, 초기, 시초, 초기의. bethink: 숙고하다, 생각하다, 생각해내다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 생각나다, 생각해 내다. conversation: 회화, 담화, 대화, 비공식 회담, 성교, 좌담, 사교, 친교. fearfully: 몹시, 무서워하며, 무섭게, 굉장히, 지독히, 벌벌 떨며,

거정스럽게, 지독하게. flow: 흐름, 유출량, 범람시키다, 밀물, 밀다, 많이있다, 쓸리다, 흐르게하다, 흐르다, 머리칼이 늘어지다, 냇물. foreknowledge: 예지. molten: 주조된, 녹은, 특히 금속 따위 녹은. mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, 틀에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토. o: 오, ㅇ자형, 알파벳 15번째의 문자,

ㅇ자형의 것, ㅇ형. penal: 형사상의, 형의, 형을 받아야 할, 벌칙을 과하다, 형벌의, 벌에 해당하는, 형장으로서의, 형에 해당하는. prize: 포획물, 입상한, 상품, 지레로 올리다, 포로, 비집어 열다, 목적물상품으로 주어진, 현상의, 경품, 나포 함선, 포획하다. varieties: 각종. well-known: 친한, 유명한, 잘 알려진.

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the Creator of souls and bodies, far be it, that Thou shouldest in such wise know all things past and to come. Far, far more wonderfully, and far more mysteriously, dost Thou know them. For not, as the feelings of one who singeth what he knoweth, or heareth some well-known song, are through expectation of the words to come, and the remembering of those that are past, varied, and his senses divided, -not so doth any thing happen unto Thee, unchangeably eternal, that is, the eternal Creator of minds. Like then as Thou in the Beginning knewest the heaven and the earth, without any variety of Thy knowledge, so madest Thou in the Beginning heaven and earth, without any distraction of Thy action. Whoso understandeth, let him confess unto Thee; and whoso understandeth not, let him confess unto Thee. Oh how high art Thou, and yet the humble in heart are Thy dwelling-place; for Thou raisest up those that are bowed down, and they fall not, whose elevation Thou art.%

Korean bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한. 고상하게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임. confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 eternal: 영원한, 영구한, 끝없는, 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 평상시의, 예의, 불멸의, 변함없는, 자공하다, 공언하다. 영원한 것, 하느님. distraction: 기분 전환, 주의 산만, fall: 가을, 떨어지다, 분류되다, 폭포, 정신의 홀어짐, 오락, 광기, 불화, 뽑히다, 함락, 우연히 오다, 쇠미, 정신이 흩어짐, 마음이 혼란. 강하하다, 내리막, 강하. dost: 직설법, 현재. happen: 일어나다, 생기다, doth: 현재형, 직설법. 우연히...하다, 우연히 일어나다, elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품, 승진, 우연히 만나다, 우연히 있다.

humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다. song: 노래, 가곡, 가창, 시, 지저귐, 변명, 설명, 창가, 을 자랑하다, 무가차한 것, 물끓는 소리. unchangeably: 일정하게, 변함없이, 안정되게. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로. wonderfully: 이상하게, 훌륭하게, 이상하게도.

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BOOK

%XII

My heart, O Lord, touched with the words of Thy Holy Scripture, is much busied, amid this poverty of my life. And therefore most times, is the poverty of human understanding copious in words, because enquiring hath more to say than discovering, and demanding is longer than obtaining, and our hand that knocks, hath more work to do, than our hand that receives. We hold the promise, who shall make it null? If God be for us, who can be against us? Ask, and ye shall have; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you. For every one that asketh, receiveth; and he that seeketh, findeth; and to him that knocketh, shall it be opened. These be Thine own promises: and who need fear to be deceived, when the Truth promiseth?The lowliness of my tongue confesseth unto Thy Highness, that Thou madest heaven and earth; this heaven which I see, and this earth that I tread upon, whence is this earth that I bear about me; Thou madest it. But where is that heaven of heavens, O Lord, which we hear of in the words of the Psalm. The heaven of heavens are the Lord’s; but the earth hath He given to the children of men? Where is that heaven which we see not, to which all this which we see is earth? For this corporeal whole, not being wholly every where, hath in such wise received its portion of beauty in these lower parts, whereof the lowest is this our earth; but to that heaven of heavens, even the heaven of our earth, is but earth: yea both these great bodies,

Korean bear: 곰, 견디다, 가지다, 지니다, 효력이 있다, 유지하다, 견디다, null: 무효의, 가치없는, 존재하지 덮치다, 하기에 족하다, 받치다, 보류하다, 잡다, 쥐다, 나아가다. 않는, 영으로하다, 특성없는, 하나도 나르다, 난폭자, 배겨내다, 지탱하다. knock: 노킹, 노크, 두드리다, 없는, 제로, 영, 무표정의, 무익한, beauty: 아름다움, 미, 아름다운 것, 부딪치다, 치다, 튼튼한, 두드림, 깜짝 무가치한. 미인, 터무니 없는 것, 좋은 점, 놀라게 하다, 깍아내리다, 그 소리, tread: 밟아 뭉개다, 걷다, 짓밟다, 아름다운 동물, 미관, 아름다운것, 헐뜯다. 밟다, 걸음걸이, 밟기, 교미하다, 미점, 미인들. knocks: 녹스. 가로장, 밟는 소리, 억누르다, 디딤판. demanding: 요구가 지나친, 지나친 lower: 낮추다, 내려가다, 누르다, understanding: 이해력, 양해, 이해, 요구를 하는, 큰 노력을 요하는, 많은 낮아지다, 꺾다, 내리다, 저하시키는, 동의, 지시력, 이해력 있는, 발, 일치. 것을 요구하는. 하급의, 찌푸린 얼굴, 더 낮게, hold: 지탱하다, 소유하다, 끌다, 품다, 비천한.

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may not absurdly be called earth, to that unknown heaven, which is the Lord’s, not the sons’ of men.% And now this earth was invisible and without form, and there was I know not what depth of abyss, upon which there was no light, because it had no shape. Therefore didst Thou command it to be written, that darkness was upon the face of the deep; what else than the absence of light? For had there been light, where should it have been but by being over all, aloft, and enlightening? Where then light was not, what was the presence of darkness, but the absence of light? Darkness therefore was upon it, because light was not upon it; as where sound is not, there is silence. And what is it to have silence there, but to have no sound there? Hast not Thou, O Lord, taught his soul, which confesseth unto Thee? Hast not Thou taught me, Lord, that before Thou formedst and diversifiedst this formless matter, there was nothing, neither colour, nor figure, nor body, nor spirit? and yet not altogether nothing; for there was a certain formlessness, without any beauty. How then should it be called, that it might be in some measure conveyed to those of duller mind, but by some ordinary word? And what, among all parts of the world can be found nearer to an absolute formlessness, than earth and deep? For, occupying the lowest stage, they are less beautiful than the other higher parts are, transparent all and shining. Wherefore then may I not conceive the formlessness of matter (which Thou hadst created without beauty, whereof to make this beautiful world) to be suitably intimated unto men, by the name of earth invisible and without form. So that when thought seeketh what the sense may conceive under this, and saith to itself, “It is no intellectual form, as life, or justice; because it is the matter of bodies; nor object of sense, because being invisible, and without form, there was in it no object of sight or sense”;—while man’s thought thus saith to itself, it may endeavour either to know it, by being ignorant of it; or to be ignorant, by knowing it. But I, Lord, if I would, by my tongue and my pen, confess unto Thee the whole, whatever Thyself hath taught me of that matter, -the name whereof

Korean absolute: 무조건의, 절대의, 전제의, 순수한, 기계어로 쓰인, 절대온도의, 독립의. absurdly: 불합리하게, 엉터리로. beautiful: 아름다운, 훌륭한, 우수한, 가인, 뛰어난, 멋있는, 미인, 보기 좋은, 산뜻한, 아름다운 것, 아름다움. colour: 물들이다, 색 착색하다, 과실이 물들다, 국기에 대한 경례, 군기, 군기에 대한 경례, 군대, 개성, 물들다, 입장, 색 리본.

figure: 인물, 숫자, 모습, 도안, 도형, 상징, 초상, 외관, 피겨스케이트, 자릿수, 도해. formless: 무정형의, 형태없는, 형태가 없는, 모양이 확실치 않은, 형태 없는. intellectual: 지적인, 지식인, 이지적인, 식자, 지력의, 지력을 요하는, 지력이 발달한, 머리를 쓰는, 지력 있는. justice: 재판관, 정의, 정당, 재판, 공정, 적법, 당연한 응보, 법의 시행,

타당, 공평, 사법. shape: 상태, 말로 표현하다, 정하다, 모양 짓다, 형태를취하다, 형태를 이루다, 자태, 유럽 연합국 최고 사령부, 어렴풋한 모습, 다 되다, 구체화 하다. suitably: 상당하게, 어울려, 적당하게. transparent: 투명한, 솔직한, 명료한, 빤히 들여다뵈는, 명백한, 명쾌한. written: 성문의, 문자로 쓴, 쓴, 문어의.

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hearing %before, and not understanding, when they who understood it not, told me of it, so I conceived of it as having innumerable forms and diverse, and therefore did not conceive it at all, my mind tossed up and down foul and horrible “forms” out of all order, but yet “forms” and I called it without form not that it wanted all form, but because it had such as my mind would, if presented to it, turn from, as unwonted and jarring, and human frailness would be troubled at. And still that which I conceived, was without form, not as being deprived of all form, but in comparison of more beautiful forms; and true reason did persuade me, that I must utterly uncase it of all remnants of form whatsoever, if I would conceive matter absolutely without form; and I could not; for sooner could I imagine that not to be at all, which should be deprived of all form, than conceive a thing betwixt form and nothing, neither formed, nor nothing, a formless almost nothing. So my mind gave over to question thereupon with my spirit, it being filled with the images of formed bodies, and changing and varying them, as it willed; and I bent myself to the bodies themselves, and looked more deeply into their changeableness, by which they cease to be what they have been, and begin to be what they were not; and this same shifting from form to form, I suspected to be through a certain formless state, not through a mere nothing; yet this I longed to know, not to suspect only.If then my voice and pen would confess unto Thee the whole, whatsoever knots Thou didst open for me in this question, what reader would hold out to take in the whole? Nor shall my heart for all this cease to give Thee honour, and a song of praise, for those things which it is not able to express. For the changeableness of changeable things, is itself capable of all those forms, into which these changeable things are changed. And this changeableness, what is it? Is it soul? Is it body? Is it that which constituteth soul or body? Might one say, “a nothing something”, an “is, is not,” I would say, this were it: and yet in some way was it even then, as being capable of receiving these visible and compound figures. But whence had it this degree of being, but from Thee, from Whom are all things, so far forth as they are? But so much the further from Thee, as the unliker Thee; for it is not farness of place. Thou therefore, Lord, Who art not one in one place, and otherwise in another, but the Self-same, and the Self-same, and the

Korean compound: 혼합하다, 복합어, 화해시키다, 합성하다, 복리로 하다, 울안, 중문의, 타협하다, 합성의, 혼합물, 화합한. degree: 계급, 정도, 학위, 눈금, 지위, 도, 급, 친등. diverse: 다른, 다양한, 여러가지의, 다른 종류의. filled: 차는, 충족시키는, 흡족하게 하는, 흙으로 돋우는, 팽팽하게 하는, 차지하는, 채우는, 가득 따르는,

조제하는, 섞어 넣는, 바람을 가득 협잡의, 이동, 수책을 부리는, 술책을 받는. 부리는. jarring: 충돌, 귀에 거슬리는 suspect: 의심하다, 용의자, 삐걱거림, 삐걱거리는, 알력, 부조화, 의심스러운, 알아채다, 느끼다, 이 삐걱거림. 아닌가 생각하다, 의심을 품다. persuade: 납득시키다, 주장하다, thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 설복하다, 설득하다. 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 reader: 독본, 강사, 리더, 독자, 즉시. 독서가, 판독기, 낭독자, 교정원, 읽는 uncase: 알리다, 보이다, 통에서 사람, 대학 조교, 교정자. 꺼내다, 상자에서 꺼내다, 밝히다, shifting: 이동하는, 바뀌는, 속임수, 발표하다, 펼치다, 곽에서 꺼내다.

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Self-same, Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty, didst in the Beginning, which is of Thee, in Thy Wisdom, which was born of Thine own Substance, create something, and that out of nothing. For Thou createdst heaven and earth; not out of Thyself, for so should they have been equal to Thine Only Begotten Son, and thereby to Thee also; whereas no way were it right that aught should be equal to Thee, which was not of Thee. And aught else besides Thee was there not, whereof Thou mightest create them, O God, One Trinity, and Trine Unity; and therefore out of nothing didst Thou create heaven and earth; a great thing, and a small thing; for Thou art Almighty and Good, to make all things good, even the great heaven, and the petty earth. Thou wert, and nothing was there besides, out of which Thou createdst heaven and earth; things of two sorts; one near Thee, the other near to nothing; one to which Thou alone shouldest be superior; the other, to which nothing should be inferior.% But that heaven of heavens was for Thyself, O Lord; but the earth which Thou gavest to the sons of men, to be seen and felt, was not such as we now see and feel. For it was invisible, without form, and there was a deep, upon which there was no light; or, darkness was above the deep, that is, more than in the deep. Because this deep of waters, visible now, hath even in his depths, a light proper for its nature; perceivable in whatever degree unto the fishes, and creeping things in the bottom of it. But that whole deep was almost nothing, because hitherto it was altogether without form; yet there was already that which could be formed. For Thou, Lord, madest the world of a matter without form, which out of nothing, Thou madest next to nothing, thereof to make those great things, which we sons of men wonder at. For very wonderful is this corporeal heaven; of which firmament between water and water, the second day, after the creation of light, Thou saidst, Let it be made, and it was made. Which firmament Thou calledst heaven; the heaven, that is, to this earth and sea, which Thou madest the third day, by giving a visible figure to the formless matter, which Thou madest before all days. For already hadst Thou made both an heaven, before all days; but that was the heaven of this heaven; because In the beginning Thou hadst made heaven and earth. But this same earth which Thou madest was formless matter, because it was invisible and without form, and

Korean bottom: 기초, 밑바닥, 바닥의, 근거로하다, 기초를두다, 밑, 바다 밑, 바닥, 바닥을 대다, 배밑, 원인. corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의. create: 창조하다, 창작하다, 귀족으로 만들다, 창립하다, 주다, 몹시 떠들어 대다, 법석을 떨다, 안출하다, 야기하다, 일으키다, 창조적인 일을 하다.

hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지. 엄밀한 의미에서의, 고유의, 옳은, nature: 자연, 천성, 성질, 충동, 예의바른, 순전한, 특정한 날짜의 인간성, 대자연, 기질, 자연계, 체력, 예배, 고유한, 아주. 자연물, 본성. sea: 바다, 놀, 선원이 되다, 온통, near: 가까운, 가까이, 아주 닮은, 거의, 해상에서, 항해중에, 할 바를 모르고, 정밀하게, 근친의, 의 가까이에, 퍼짐, 호수, 일대, 얼근히 취하여. 검소하게, 관계가 깊은, 친한, 가까이 wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거. 가다. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, perceivable: 지각할 수 있는, 감지할 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. 수 있는, 인지할 수 있는. proper: 독특한, 적당한, 진정한,

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darkness was upon the deep, of which invisible earth and without form, of which formlessness, of which almost nothing, Thou mightest make all these things of which this changeable world consists, but subsists not; whose very changeableness appears therein, that times can be observed and numbered in it. For times are made by the alterations of things, while the figures, the matter whereof is the invisible earth aforesaid, are varied and turned.% And therefore the Spirit, the Teacher of Thy servant, when It recounts Thee to have In the Beginning created heaven and earth, speaks nothing of times, nothing of days. For verily that heaven of heavens which Thou createdst in the Beginning, is some intellectual creature, which, although no ways coeternal unto Thee, the Trinity, yet partaketh of Thy eternity, and doth through the sweetness of that most happy contemplation of Thyself, strongly restrain its own changeableness; and without any fall since its first creation, cleaving close unto Thee, is placed beyond all the rolling vicissitude of times. Yea, neither is this very formlessness of the earth, invisible, and without form, numbered among the days. For where no figure nor order is, there does nothing come, or go; and where this is not, there plainly are no days, nor any vicissitude of spaces of times. O let the Light, the Truth, the Light of my heart, not mine own darkness, speak unto me. I fell off into that, and became darkened; but even thence, even thence I loved Thee. I went astray, and remembered Thee. I heard Thy voice behind me, calling to me to return, and scarcely heard it, through the tumultuousness of the enemies of peace. And now, behold, I return in distress and panting after Thy fountain. Let no man forbid me! of this will I drink, and so live. Let me not be mine own life; from myself I lived ill, death was I to myself; and I revive in Thee. Do Thou speak unto me, do Thou discourse unto me. I have believed Thy Books, and their words be most full of mystery. Already Thou hast told me with a strong voice, O Lord, in my inner ear, that Thou art eternal, Who only hast immortality; since Thou canst not be changed as to figure or motion, nor is Thy will altered by times: seeing no will which varies is immortal. This is in Thy sight clear to me, and let it be more and more cleared to me, I beseech Thee; and in the manifestation thereof, let me with sobriety

Korean aforesaid: 전술한, 진술한. astray: 타락하여, 길을잃어, 길을 잃다. behold: 보다. beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다. changeable: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한, 가변서의, 변경할 수 잇는, 변하기쉬운, 여러가지 색으로 변화해 보이는, 여러 가지 색 으로 변화해 보이는, 가변성의.

distress: 고난, 고통, 빈궁, 비탄, 고민, 심통, 피로하게 하다, 피로, 괴롭히다, 압류-괴롭히다, 압류. doth: 현재형, 직설법. hast: 단수. immortality: 불사, 불후, 불멸, 불후의 명성, 영속성, 영원한 생명. live: 살다, 생활하다, 존속하다, 남다, 보내다, 살아 있다, 살아있는, 생방송의, 생존하다, 을 상식으로 하다, 재미있게살다.

manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표. strong: 유력한, 강한, 강렬한, 열심인, 튼튼한, 굳센, 힘찬, 큰, 잘하는, 인원이 ...인, 힘센. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로. vicissitude: 변화, 변천, 성쇠, 흥망, 규칙적 변화, 영고 성쇠. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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abide under Thy wings. Thou hast told me also with a strong voice, O Lord, in my inner ear, that Thou hast made all natures and substances, which are not what Thyself is, and yet are; and that only is not from Thee, which is not, and the motion of the will from Thee who art, unto that which in a less degree is, because such motion is transgression and sin; and that no man’s sin doth either hurt Thee, or disturb the order of Thy government, first or last. This is in Thy sight clear unto me, and let it be more and more cleared to me, I beseech Thee: and in the manifestation thereof, let me with sobriety abide under Thy wings.% Thou hast told me also with a strong voice, in my inner ear, that neither is that creature coeternal unto Thyself, whose happiness Thou only art, and which with a most persevering purity, drawing its nourishment from Thee, doth in no place and at no time put forth its natural mutability; and, Thyself being ever present with it, unto Whom with its whole affection it keeps itself, having neither future to expect, nor conveying into the past what it remembereth, is neither altered by any change, nor distracted into any times. O blessed creature, if such there be, for cleaving unto Thy Blessedness; blest in Thee, its eternal Inhabitant and its Enlightener! Nor do I find by what name I may the rather call the heaven of heavens which is the Lord’s, than Thine house, which contemplateth Thy delights without any defection of going forth to another; one pure mind, most harmoniously one, by that settled estate of peace of holy spirits, the citizens of Thy city in heavenly places; far above those heavenly places that we see. By this may the soul, whose pilgrimage is made long and far away, by this may she understand, if she now thirsts for Thee, if her tears be now become her bread, while they daily say unto her, Where is Thy God? if she now seeks of Thee one thing, and desireth it, that she may dwell in Thy house all the days of her life (and what is her life, but Thou? and what Thy days, but Thy eternity, as Thy years which fail not, because Thou art ever the same?); by this then may the soul that is able, understand how far Thou art, above all times, eternal; seeing Thy house which at no time went into a far country, although it be not coeternal with Thee, yet by continually and unfailingly cleaving unto Thee, suffers no changeableness of times. This is in Thy sight clear unto me, and let it be more

Korean call: 부르다, 결과를 예상하다, 이라고 이름짓다, 중지시키다, 으로 간주하다, 상환을 청구하다, 불러내다, 보자고 요구하다, 큰소리로 부르다, 명하다, 깨우다. defection: 배반, 변절, 부족, 탈당, 저버림. estate: 재산, 소유지, 사회적 지위, 유산, 재산권, 소유권, 사회적 신분, 토지, 처지, 계급, 살림살이. expect: 기대하다, 예기하다, 예상하다,

당연한 일로 여기다, 바라다, 당연한 일로서 기대하다, 배고 있다, 생각하다, 임신해 있다. harmoniously: 조화되어, 사이 좋게. hurt: 상처, 고통, 다치다, 부상, 부상을 입히다, 상처를 입히다, 아프다, 상처를 입다, 해를 입다, 에 상처를 내다, 상하게 하다. mutability: 부정, 변덕, 변하기 쉬움. natural: 자연의, 제자리표, 타고난, 천연의, 자연적인 것, 당연한, 본래의,

자연그대로의, 가공하지 않은, 선천적인, 제자리음. nourishment: 자양물, 육성, 양식, 영양물, 영양상태양식, 음식, 음식물, 자양분 공급, 조성. persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 있는. purity: 청정, 결백, 청결, 순정, 정격, 문체의 정격, 어구의 정격, 청렴. transgression: 위반, 범죄. unfailingly: 꼭, 틀림없이, 확실히.

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and more cleared unto me, I beseech Thee, and in the manifestation thereof, let me with sobriety abide under Thy wings.% There is, behold, I know not what formlessness in those changes of these last and lowest creatures; and who shall tell me (unless such a one as through the emptiness of his own heart, wonders and tosses himself up and down amid his own fancies?), who but such a one would tell me, that if all figure be so wasted and consumed away, that there should only remain that formlessness, through which the thing was changed and turned from one figure to another, that that could exhibit the vicissitudes of times? For plainly it could not, because, without the variety of motions, there are no times: and no variety, where there is no figure. These things considered, as much as Thou givest, O my God, as much as Thou stirrest me up to knock, and as much as Thou openest to me knocking, two things I find that Thou hast made, not within the compass of time, neither of which is coeternal with Thee. One, which is so formed, that without any ceasing of contemplation, without any interval of change, though changeable, yet not changed, it may thoroughly enjoy Thy eternity and unchangeableness; the other which was so formless, that it had not that, which could be changed from one form into another, whether of motion, or of repose, so as to become subject unto time. But this Thou didst not leave thus formless, because before all days, Thou in the Beginning didst create Heaven and Earth; the two things that I spake of. But the Earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep. In which words, is the formlessness conveyed unto us (that such capacities may hereby be drawn on by degrees, as are not able to conceive an utter privation of all form, without yet coming to nothing), out of which another Heaven might be created, together with a visible and well-formed earth: and the waters diversly ordered, and whatsoever further is in the formation of the world, recorded to have been, not without days, created; and that, as being of such nature, that the successive changes of times may take place in them, as being subject to appointed alterations of motions and of forms.

Korean beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다. coming: 다음의, 도래, 오는, 신진의, 그리스도의 재림, 내방, 다가올, 미래의, 유명해지기 시작한, 올, 도착. considered: 깊이 생각한, 존경받는, 신중한, 중히 여겨지는, 충분히 고려한, 깊이 생각후의. enjoy: 즐기다, 누리다, 향유하다, 건강, 성교하다, 즐겁게 시간을 보내다, 갖고 있다, 향수하다.

exhibit: 출품하다, 제시하다, 나타내다, 투약하다, 출품물, 공개하다, 진열하다, 증거물, 전시, 보이다, 투약하다-전시. formation: 형성, 구조, 조직, 대형, 조립, 층. leave: 떠나다, 휴가, 남기다, 잎이 나오다, 놓고가다, 둔채 잊다, 인 채로 두다, 허가, 출발하다, 맡기다, 작별. privation: 결핍, 박탈, 상실, 결여, 특히 일용품의 결핍.

remain: 머무르다, 남다, 유해, 유물, 유적, 나머지, 유족, 존속하다, 생환자, 화석, 유저. subject: 신하, 주제, 피실험자, 복종시키다, 받는, 질의 사람, 지배를 받는, 종속하는, 제시하다, 이라 가정하여, 맡기다. successive: 연속적인, 잇따른, 연속하는. unchangeableness: 안정됨, 일정불변. well-formed: 모양이 좋은, 적격의.

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This%then is what I conceive, O my God, when I hear Thy Scripture saying, In the beginning God made Heaven and Earth: and the Earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep, and not mentioning what day Thou createdst them; this is what I conceive, that because of the Heaven of heavens, -that intellectual Heaven, whose Intelligences know all at once, not in part, not darkly, not through a glass, but as a whole, in manifestation, face to face; not, this thing now, and that thing anon; but (as I said) know all at once, without any succession of times; -and because of the earth invisible and without form, without any succession of times, which succession presents “this thing now, that thing anon”; because where is no form, there is no distinction of things: -it is, then, on account of these two, a primitive formed, and a primitive formless; the one, heaven but the Heaven of heaven, the other earth but the earth invisible and without form; because of these two do I conceive, did Thy Scripture say without mention of days, In the Beginning God created Heaven and Earth. For forthwith it subjoined what earth it spake of; and also, in that the Firmament is recorded to be created the second day, and called Heaven, it conveys to us of which Heaven He before spake, without mention of days. Wondrous depth of Thy words! whose surface, behold! is before us, inviting to little ones; yet are they a wondrous depth. O my God, a wondrous depth! It is awful to look therein; an awfulness of honour, and a trembling of love. The enemies thereof I hate vehemently; oh that Thou wouldest slay them with Thy two-edged sword, that they might no longer be enemies unto it: for so do I love to have them slain unto themselves, that they may live unto Thee. But behold others not faultfinders, but extollers of the book of Genesis; “The Spirit of God,” say they, “Who by His servant Moses wrote these things, would not have those words thus understood; He would not have it understood, as thou sayest, but otherwise, as we say.” Unto Whom Thyself, O Thou God all, being judge, do I thus answer. “Will you affirm that to be false, which with a strong voice Truth tells me in my inner ear, concerning the Eternity of the Creator, that His substance is no ways changed by time, nor His will separate from His substance? Wherefore He

Korean account: 이익, 평가, 계산, 설명하다, 근거, 기사, 변명, 설명, 셈, 셈하다, 이유. awful: 무서운, 대단한, 장엄한, 굉장한, 두려운, 무섭다, 몹시, 경외심을 일으키게 하는. awfulness: 지독함, 장엄, 장엄함, 두려운 일, 굉장함, 두려운 것. distinction: 특질, 구별, 차별, 명예, 탁월, 쓸데없는 구별짓기, 특징, 차이, 저명, 유명해지다, 우수성.

glass: 컵, 거울, 유리, 유리를 끼우다, 안경, 현미경, 온도계, 쌍안경, 술, 글라스, 유리면. inviting: 초대하는, 유혹적인, 마음을 끄는, 마음이 동하는, 사람을 끄는, 좋아보이는. judge: 판단하다, 재판관, 재판하다, 판사, 사사기, 심판자, 비판하다, 사사, 판결을내리다, 판결을 내리다, 심판하는 사람. primitive: 원시의, 원시적인, 태고의,

초기의, 원시인, 그 작품, 초생의, 근본의, 소박한-문예 부흥기 이전의 화가, 원어, 원선. succession: 연속, 계승, 상속, 상속자들, 계승권, 상속권, 연속물. surface: 표면, 겉보기, 면, 판판하게 하다, 표면을 붙이다, 외관, 포장하다, 길바닥의, 부상시키다, 엷은 표지를 대다, 지상의. two-edged: 쌍날의, 두 가지로 이해되는.

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willeth%not one thing now, another anon, but once, and at once, and always, He willeth all things that He willeth; not again and again, nor now this, now that; nor willeth afterwards, what before He willed not, nor willeth not, what before He willed; because such a will is and no mutable thing is eternal: but our God is eternal. Again, what He tells me in my inner ear, the expectation of things to come becomes sight, when they are come, and this same sight becomes memory, when they be past. Now all thought which thus varies is mutable; and is eternal: but our God is eternal.” These things I infer, and put together, and find that my God, the eternal God, hath not upon any new will made any creature, nor doth His knowledge admit of any thing transitory. “What will ye say then, O ye gainsayers? Are these things false?” “No,” they say; “What then? Is it false, that every nature already formed, or matter capable of form, is not, but from Him Who is supremely good, because He is supremely?” “Neither do we deny this,” say they. “What then? do you deny this, that there is a certain sublime creature, with so chaste a love cleaving unto the true and truly eternal God, that although not coeternal with Him, yet is it not detached from Him, nor dissolved into the variety and vicissitude of times, but reposeth in the most true contemplation of Him only?” Because Thou, O God, unto him that loveth Thee so much as Thou commandest, dost show Thyself, and sufficest him; and therefore doth he not decline from Thee, nor toward himself. This is the house of God, not of earthly mould, nor of celestial bulk corporeal but spiritual, and partaker of Thy eternity, because without defection for ever. For Thou hast made it fast for ever and ever, Thou hast given it a law which it shall not pass. Nor yet is it coeternal with Thee, O God, because not without beginning; for it was made. For although we find no time before it, for wisdom was created before all things; not that Wisdom which is altogether equal and coeternal unto Thee, our God, His Father, and by Whom all things were created, and in Whom, as the Beginning, Thou createdst heaven and earth; but that wisdom which is created, that is, the intellectual nature, which by contemplating the light, is light. For this, though created, is also called wisdom. But what difference there is betwixt the Light which enlighteneth, and which is enlightened, so much is there betwixt the Wisdom that createth, and that created; as betwixt the Righteousness which

Korean admit: 허락하다, 들이다, 인정하다, 승인하다, 입장을 허용하다, 수용할 수 있다, 고백하다, 여지가 있다, 에 들어갈 수단이 되다, 수용하다, 넣다. bulk: 크기, 대부분, 부풀다, 적하, 쌓아올리다, 더미, 부피, 부피가 큰, 선창, 의 부피가 커지게 하다, 거대한 것. capable: 유능한, 을 감히 할, 의 능력이 있는, 실력이 있는, 하기를 서슴지 않을, 훌륭하게, 을

넣을수있는, 할수 있는, 장래성, 승화시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄, 자격있는, 능력. 숭고하다, 승화하다, 고상하게 되다, decline: 기울다, 쇠약병, 기욺, 쇠비, 웅대한, 최고의. 사퇴하다, 물가의 하락, 쇠하다, true: 진실로, 진짜의, 성실한, 정확한, 늘그막, 아래로 향하게 하다, 기울어, 정확한 상태, 틀림없는, 바르게 경사. 맞추다, 진실, 정확히, 번치 않는, difference: 다름, 불화, 차이점, 차액, 참다운. 의견 차이. vicissitude: 변화, 변천, 성쇠, 흥망, partaker: 관계자, 분담자, 관여자, 규칙적 변화, 영고 성쇠. 함께 하는 사람, 함께하는 사람. sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한,

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justifieth, and the righteousness which is made by justification. For we also are called Thy righteousness; for so saith a certain servant of Thine, That we might be made the righteousness of God in Him. Therefore since a certain created wisdom was created before all things, the rational and intellectual mind of that chaste city of Thine, our mother which is above, and is free and eternal in the heavens (in what heavens, if not in those that praise Thee, the Heaven of heavens? Because this is also the Heaven of heavens for the Lord); -though we find no time before it (because that which hath been created before all things, precedeth also the creature of time), yet is the Eternity of the Creator Himself before it, from Whom, being created, it took the beginning, not indeed of time (for time itself was not yet), but of its creation.% Hence it is so of Thee, our God, as to be altogether other than Thou, and not the Self-same: because though we find time neither before it, nor even in it (it being meet ever to behold Thy face, nor is ever drawn away from it, wherefore it is not varied by any change), yet is there in it a liability to change, whence it would wax dark, and chill, but that by a strong affection cleaving unto Thee, like perpetual noon, it shineth and gloweth from Thee. O house most lightsome and delightsome! I have loved thy beauty, and the place of the habitation of the glory of my Lord, thy builder and possessor. Let my wayfaring sigh after thee, and I say to Him that made thee, let Him take possession of me also in thee, seeing He hath made me likewise. I have gone astray like a lost sheep: yet upon the shoulders of my Shepherd, thy builder, hope I to be brought back to thee. “What say ye to me, O ye gainsayers that I was speaking unto, who yet believe Moses to have been the holy servant of God, and his books the oracles of the Holy Ghost? Is not this house of God, not coeternal indeed with God, yet after its measure, eternal in the heavens, when you seek for changes of times in vain, because you will not find them? For that, to which it is ever good to cleave fast to God, surpasses all extension, and all revolving periods of time.” “It is,” say they. “What then of all that which my heart loudly uttered unto my God, when inwardly it heard the voice of His praise, what part thereof do you affirm to be false? Is it that the matter was without form, in which because there was no

Korean builder: 건물, 건축, 건축자, 건조자, 건설자, 건축업자. chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게 하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한, 풀죽음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담. dark: 어두운, 비밀의, 어둠, 캄캄한, 숨은, 수수께끼 같은, 사악한, 슬픈, 우울한, 무지한, 무지. delightsome: 매우 기쁜. justification: 정당화, 변호, 의롭다고 인정됨, 변명, 옹호, 의인, 행위의

정당화. liability: 의무, 부담, 경향, 부채, 책임이 있음, 책임, 의무로서의 책임이 있음, 불리해지는 사항, 경향이 있음, 의 경향이 있음. loudly: 큰소리로, 화려하게, 고성으로. meet: 마주치다, 적당한, 만나다, 아는 사이가 되다, 와 서로 만나보다, 하나로 합치다, -을 만나다, 어울리는, 와 마주치다, 교점, 마중하다.

noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는, 최고점. periods: 미문. possession: 소유, 영지, 점유, 편애, 선입관, 속령, 소유물, 자제, 소유물.재산, 재산, 흘림. possessor: 소유자, 점유자. wayfaring: 여행, 도보 여행, 여행을 하는.

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form, there was no order? But where no order was, there could be no vicissitude of times: and yet this almost nothing,’ inasmuch as it was not altogether nothing, was from Him certainly, from Whom is whatsoever is, in what degree soever it is.” “This also,” say they, “do we not deny.”% With these I now parley a little in Thy presence, O my God, who grant all these things to be true, which Thy Truth whispers unto my soul. For those who deny these things, let them bark and deafen themselves as much as they please; I will essay to persuade them to quiet, and to open in them a way for Thy word. But if they refuse, and repel me; I beseech, O my God, be not Thou silent to me. Speak Thou truly in my heart; for only Thou so speakest: and I will let them alone blowing upon the dust without, and raising it up into their own eyes: and myself will enter my chamber, and sing there a song of loves unto Thee; groaning with groanings unutterable, in my wayfaring, and remembering Jerusalem, with heart lifted up towards it, Jerusalem my country, Jerusalem my mother, and Thyself that rulest over it, the Enlightener, Father, Guardian, Husband, the pure and strong delight, and solid joy, and all good things unspeakable, yea all at once, because the One Sovereign and true Good. Nor will I be turned away, until Thou gather all that I am, from this dispersed and disordered estate, into the peace of that our most dear mother, where the firstfruits of my spirit be already (whence I am ascertained of these things), and Thou conform and confirm it for ever, O my God, my Mercy. But those who do not affirm all these truths to be false, who honour Thy holy Scripture, set forth by holy Moses, placing it, as we, on the summit of authority to be followed, and do yet contradict me in some thing, I answer thus; By Thyself judge, O our God, between my Confessions and these men’s contradictions. For they say, “Though these things be true, yet did not Moses intend those two, when, by revelation of the Spirit, he said, In the beginning God created heaven and earth. He did not under the name of heaven, signify that spiritual or intellectual creature which always beholds the face of God; nor under the name of earth, that formless matter.” “What then?” “That man of God,” say they, “meant as we say, this declared he by those words.” “What?” “By the name of

Korean bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 gather: 채집하다, 모으다, 개더, 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 거두어들이기, 긴장시키다, 증가하다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부내다, 찌푸리다, 짜내다, 수금, 껍질을 벗기다. 추측하다. blowing: 취입 성형, 재즈 연주, intend: 할 작정이다, 예정하다, 분출하는 소리. 의미하다, 의도하다, 하려고 deafen: 귀먹게 하다, 큰 소리를 생각하다, 지정하다, 셈이다, 뜻하다, 줄이다, 귀머거리로 만들다, 들리지 꾀하다, 기도하다, 가리키다. 않게 하다, 방음 장치를 하다, 귀가 parley: 협의, 상의, 교섭, 담판, 들리지 않게 하다. 담판하다, 말하다, 특히 외국어를 dispersed: 흩어진, 분산된, 분산한. 말하다, 협상.

placing: 자본 매출. repel: 쫓아버리다, 반발하다, 격퇴하다, 불쾌감을 주다, 물리치다, 튀기다, 반박하다, 받지 않다, 저항하다, 쫓아내다, 튀겨 내다. unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한, 언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운, 말하기 싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은. unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도 안되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로 표현할 수 없는, 철저한.

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heaven and earth would he first signify,” say they, “universally and compendiously, all this visible world; so as afterwards by the enumeration of the several days, to arrange in detail, and, as it were, piece by piece, all those things, which it pleased the Holy Ghost thus to enounce. For such were that rude and carnal people to which he spake, that he thought them fit to be entrusted with the knowledge of such works of God only as were visible.” They agree, however, that under the words earth invisible and without form, and that darksome deep (out of which it is subsequently shown, that all these visible things which we all know, were made and arranged during those “days”) may, not incongruously, be understood of this formless first matter.% What now if another should say that “this same formlessness and confusedness of matter, was for this reason first conveyed under the name of heaven and earth, because out of it was this visible world with all those natures which most manifestly appear in it, which is ofttimes called by the name of heaven and earth, created and perfected?” What again if another say that “invisible and visible nature is not indeed inappropriately called heaven and earth; and so, that the universal creation, which God made in His Wisdom, that is, in the Beginning, was comprehended under those two words? Notwithstanding, since all things be made not of the substance of God, but out of nothing (because they are not the same that God is, and there is a mutable nature in them all, whether they abide, as doth the eternal house of God, or be changed, as the soul and body of man are): therefore the common matter of all things visible and invisible (as yet unformed though capable of form), out of which was to be created both heaven and earth (i. the invisible and visible creature when formed), was entitled by the same names given to the earth invisible and without form and the darkness upon the deep, but with this distinction, that by the earth invisible and without form is understood corporeal matter, antecedent to its being qualified by any form; and by the darkness upon the deep, spiritual matter, before it underwent any restraint of its unlimited fluidness, or received any light from Wisdom?”

Korean antecedent: 앞서는, 선행자, 선행의, 전항, 경력, 선행사, 암선 사건, 앞의선례, 역행, 전례, 보다 이전의. arrange: 배열하다, 조정하다, 정리하다, 가지런히 하다, 준비하다, 마련하다, 미리 가지런히 하다, 해결하다, 처리하다-타합하다, 계획하다, 가지런히하다. compendiously: 간결하게, 간명하게. enounce: 성명하다, 선언하다, 발음하다, 언명하다, 명쾌하게

말하다, 표명하다, 발표하다. 울퉁불퉁한, 거센, 강장한, 미가공의. enumeration: 목록, 계산, 일람표, 셈, subsequently: 그후에, 다음에, 열거, 세목, 일일이 셈. 이어서, 그 결과로서, 그후. fluidness: 유동체, 액체, 유창함. universal: 보편적인, 우주의, 전칭의, inappropriately: 부적당한. 만능의, 만유의, 전칭명제, incongruously: 부조리하게, 널리행해지는, 전세계의, 만인의, 앞뒤가않맞게, 일치하지않게. 만능인, 모든 사람의. qualified: 한정된, 자격 있는, unlimited: 끝없는, 무한한, 무제한의, 조건부의, 적임의, 면허 받은, 제한된. 부정의, 제한 없는, 한없는. rude: 거친, 버릇없는, 대강의, 건장한, 교양 없는, 난폭한, 자연 그대로의,

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It yet remains for a man to say, if he will, that “the already perfected and formed natures, visible and invisible, are not signified under the name of heaven and earth, when we read, In the beginning God made heaven and earth, but that the yet unformed commencement of things, the stuff apt to receive form and making, was called by these names, because therein were confusedly contained, not as yet distinguished by their qualities and forms, all those things which being now digested into order, are called Heaven and Earth, the one being the spiritual, the other the corporeal, creation.”% All which things being heard and well considered, I will not strive about words: for that is profitable to nothing, but the subversion of the hearers. But the law is good to edify, if a man use it lawfully: for that the end of it is charity, out of a pure heart and good conscience, and faith unfeigned. And well did our Master know, upon which two commandments He hung all the Law and the Prophets. And what doth it prejudice me, O my God, Thou light of my eyes in secret, zealously confessing these things, since divers things may be understood under these words which yet are all true, -what, I say, doth it prejudice me, if I think otherwise than another thinketh the writer thought? All we readers verily strive to trace out and to understand his meaning whom we read; and seeing we believe him to speak truly, we dare not imagine him to have said any thing, which ourselves either know or think to be false. While every man endeavours then to understand in the Holy Scriptures, the same as the writer understood, what hurt is it, if a man understand what Thou, the light of all true-speaking minds, dost show him to be true, although he whom he reads, understood not this, seeing he also understood a Truth, though not this truth? For true it is, O Lord, that Thou madest heaven and earth; and it is true too, that the Beginning is Thy Wisdom, in Which Thou createst all: and true again, that this visible world hath for its greater part the heaven and the earth, which briefly comprise all made and created natures. And true too, that whatsoever is mutable, gives us to understand a certain want of form, whereby it receiveth a form, or is changed, or turned. It is true, that that is subject to no times, which so cleaveth to the unchangeable Form, as though subject to change, never to be

Korean comprise: 이루어지다, 포함하다, 이루다, 의미하다, 구성되다, 품다. edify: 교화하다, 개발하다, 덕성을 북돋우다. lawfully: 정당한, 합법의, 법정의. meaning: 의미, 의의, 목적, 저의, 뜻, 의미심장한, 눈초리 따위가 의미심장한. mutable: 변하기 쉬운, 변덕의. prejudice: 편견, 해치다, 손해, 비뚤어진 생각, 불리-편견을 갖게

하다, 손상시키다해치다, 침해, 이익 따위를 해치다, 에 편견을 가지게 하다, 권리 따위를 해치다. profitable: 이문이 있는, 유익한, 유리한. stuff: 직물, 소지품, 틀어막다, 요소, 채우다, 원료, 소질, 잡동사니, 박제하다, 허튼소리, 게걸스럽게먹다. subversion: 전복, 파괴. trace: 선, 발자국, 봇줄, 나아가다, 발견하다, 그리다, 흔적, 베끼다, 의

유래를 조사하다, 조금, 추적하다. unfeigned: 거짓 없는, 거짓없는. unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는, 아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를 이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로. writer: 쓰는 사람, 필자, 작가, 저자, 작문 자습서, 필기자, 사자기.

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changed. It is true, that that formlessness which is almost nothing, cannot be subject to the alteration of times. It is true, that that whereof a thing is made, may by a certain mode of speech, be called by the name of the thing made of it; whence that formlessness, whereof heaven and earth were made, might be called heaven and earth. It is true, that of things having form, there is not any nearer to having no form, than the earth and the deep. It is true, that not only every created and formed thing, but whatsoever is capable of being created and formed, Thou madest, of Whom are all things. It is true, that whatsoever is formed out of that which had no form, was unformed before it was formed.% Out of these truths, of which they doubt not whose inward eye Thou hast enabled to see such things, and who unshakenly believe Thy servant Moses to have spoken in the Spirit of truth; -of all these then, he taketh one, who saith, In the Beginning God made the heaven and the earth; that is, “in His Word coeternal with Himself, God made the intelligible and the sensible, or the spiritual and the corporeal creature.” He another, that saith, In the Beginning God made heaven and earth; that is, “in His Word coeternal with Himself, did God make the universal bulk of this corporeal world, together with all those apparent and known creatures, which it containeth.” He another, that saith, In the Beginning God made heaven and earth; that is, “in His Word coeternal with Himself, did God make the formless matter of creatures spiritual and corporeal.” He another, that saith, In the Beginning God created heaven and earth; that is, “in His Word coeternal with Himself, did God create the formless matter of the creature corporeal, wherein heaven and earth lay as yet confused, which, being now distinguished and formed, we at this day see in the bulk of this world.” He another, who saith, In the Beginning God made heaven and earth; that is, “in the very beginning of creating and working, did God make that formless matter, confusedly containing in itself both heaven and earth; out of which, being formed, do they now stand out, and are apparent, with all that is in them.” And with regard to the understanding of the words following, out of all those truths, he chooses one to himself, who saith, But the earth was invisible, and without form, and darkness was upon the deep; that is, “that corporeal thing that

Korean alteration: 변경, 개조, 변경된 곳, 변화. confusedly: 지리멸렬하게, 어찌할 바를 몰라, 뒤범벅으로, 당황하여, 혼란스럽게. corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의. formless: 무정형의, 형태없는, 형태가 없는, 모양이 확실치 않은, 형태 없는. hast: 단수.

intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를 알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, 이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한. 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인. whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, mode: 유행, 양식, 선법, 하는 식, 식, 어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 방법, 복장 따위의 유행, 유행하는 어디로부터. 스타일. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, sensible: 분별 있는, 현명한, 지각할 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 수 있는, 알아채고, 알아챈, 느낄 수 어떤 점으로. 있는, 느끼기 쉬운, 감각의, whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 신용본위의, 눈에 띌 정도의. 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는,

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God%made, was as yet a formless matter of corporeal things, without order, without light. “ Another he who says, The earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep; that is, “this all, which is called heaven and earth, was still a formless and darksome matter, of which the corporeal heaven and the corporeal earth were to be made, with all things in them, which are known to our corporeal senses.” Another he who says, The earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep; that is, “this all, which is called heaven and earth, was still a formless and a darksome matter; out of which was to be made, both that intelligible heaven, otherwhere called the Heaven of heavens, and the earth, that is, the whole corporeal nature, under which name is comprised this corporeal heaven also; in a word, out of which every visible and invisible creature was to be created.” Another he who says, The earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep, “the Scripture did not call that formlessness by the name of heaven and earth; but that formlessness, saith he, already was, which he called the earth invisible without form, and darkness upon the deep; of which he had before said, that God had made heaven and earth, namely, the spiritual and corporeal creature.” Another he who says, The earth was invisible and without form, and darkness was upon the deep; that is, “there already was a certain formless matter, of which the Scripture said before, that God made heaven and earth; namely, the whole corporeal bulk of the world, divided into two great parts, upper and lower, with all the common and known creatures in them.” For should any attempt to dispute against these two last opinions, thus, “If you will not allow, that this formlessness of matter seems to be called by the name of heaven and earth; Ergo, there was something which God had not made, out of which to make heaven and earth; for neither hath Scripture told us, that God made this matter, unless we understand it to be signified by the name of heaven and earth, or of earth alone, when it is said, In the Beginning God made the heaven and earth; that so in what follows, and the earth was invisible and without form (although it pleased Him so to call the formless matter), we are to understand no other matter, but that which God made, whereof is written above, God made heaven and earth.” The maintainers of either of those two latter

Korean attempt: 시도하다, 습격, 해보다, 꾀하다, 노력, 노리다, 노리다-시도, 시도, 미수, 습격하다, 기도. common: 보통의, 공동의, 공통의, 공중의, 공유권, 평범한, 공약의, 공유지, 종합의, 통성의, 미사 통상문. corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의. darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린,

우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, 얼굴을 내놓지 않는. 광명이 없는. otherwhere: 어딘가 딴 곳에, 다른 formless: 무정형의, 형태없는, 형태가 곳에. 없는, 모양이 확실치 않은, 형태 없는. upper: 상위의, 후기의, 상부의, hath: 직설법, 현재. 초라한 모습으로, 위의, 갑피, intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 가난하여, 각성제, 구두 갑피, 높은, 알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, 높은 쪽에 있는 것. 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는, 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는,

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opinions %will, upon hearing this, return for answer, “we do not deny this formless matter to be indeed created by God, that God of Whom are all things, very good; for as we affirm that to be a greater good, which is created and formed, so we confess that to be a lesser good which is made capable of creation and form, yet still good. We say however that Scripture hath not set down, that God made this formlessness, as also it hath not many others; as the Cherubim, and Seraphim, and those which the Apostle distinctly speaks of, Thrones, Dominions, Principalities, Powers. All which that God made, is most apparent. Or if in that which is said, He made heaven and earth, all things be comprehended, what shall we say of the waters, upon which the Spirit of God moved? For if they be comprised in this word earth; how then can formless matter be meant in that name of earth, when we see the waters so beautiful? Or if it be so taken; why then is it written, that out of the same formlessness, the firmament was made, and called heaven; and that the waters were made, is not written? For the waters remain not formless and invisible, seeing we behold them flowing in so comely a manner. But if they then received that beauty, when God said, Let the waters under the firmament be gathered together, that so the gathering together be itself the forming of them; what will be said as to those waters above the firmament? Seeing neither if formless would they have been worthy of so honourable a seat, nor is it written, by what word they were formed. If then Genesis is silent as to God’s making of any thing, which yet that God did make neither sound faith nor well-grounded understanding doubteth, nor again will any sober teaching dare to affirm these waters to be coeternal with God, on the ground that we find them to be mentioned in the hook of Genesis, but when they were created, we do not find; why (seeing truth teaches us) should we not understand that formless matter (which this Scripture calls the earth invisible and without form, and darksome deep) to have been created of God out of nothing, and therefore not to be coeternal to Him; notwithstanding this history hath omitted to show when it was created?” These things then being heard and perceived, according to the weakness of my capacity (which I confess unto Thee, O Lord, that knowest it), two sorts of disagreements I see may arise, when a thing is in words related by true reporters;

Korean capacity: 수용력, 재능, 자격, 용량, honourable: 고귀한, 명예로운, silent: 조용한, 활동하지 않는, 묵음의, 이해력, 최대한의, 생산 능력, 용적, 존경할만한, 고위의, 영광의, 존경할 무언의, 무언으로, 침묵하는, 조용히, 학습능력, 흡수력, 포용력. 만한. 잠자코, 익명의, 침묵을 지키는, gathering: 모임, 채집, 종기, 수확, hook: 갈고리, 훅, 코바늘, 낚시, 소식이 없는. 주름, 곪음, 접지 맞추기, 집회, 개더, 갈고리 모양의 곶, 굴곡부, 걸쇠, well-grounded: 기본 훈련을 받은, 농양, 부어 오름. 갈고리 모양으로 굽다, 갈고리 낚시에 기초 훈련을 받은, 기초 교육을 받은. ground: 어스, 흙, 바탕, 기초, 걸다, 갈고리 모양으로 구부리다, word: 말, 약속, 단어, 이야기, 성서, 좌초시키다, 정원, 좌초하다, 근거, 훅을 먹이다. 암호, 낱말, 하느님의 말씀, 말로 지면, 땅, 접지. indeed: 참으로, 과연, 정말로, 실로, 표현하다, 기별, 기계어. history: 역사, 사극, 경력, 연혁, 사학, 정말, 과연그래, 하기는 그래, 하긴, 사서, 이야기, 조직적 기술, 과거지사. 설마, 그렇기는 커녕, 대단히.

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one, concerning the truth of the things, the other, concerning the meaning of the relater. For we enquire one way about the making of the creature, what is true; another way, what Moses, that excellent minister of Thy Faith, would have his reader and hearer understand by those words. For the first sort, away with all those who imagine themselves to know as a truth, what is false; and for this other, away with all them too, which imagine Moses to have written things that be false. But let me be united in Thee, O Lord, with those and delight myself in Thee, with them that feed on Thy truth, in the largeness of charity, and let us approach together unto the words of Thy book, and seek in them for Thy meaning, through the meaning of Thy servant, by whose pen Thou hast dispensed them.% But which of us shall, among those so many truths, which occur to enquirers in those words, as they are differently understood, so discover that one meaning, as to affirm, “this Moses thought,” and “this would he have understood in that history”; with the same confidence as he would, “this is true,” whether Moses thought this or that? For behold, O my God, I Thy servant, who have in this book vowed a sacrifice of confession unto Thee, and pray, that by Thy mercy I may pay my vows unto Thee, can I, with the same confidence wherewith I affirm, that in Thy incommutable world Thou createdst all things visible and invisible, affirm also, that Moses meant no other than this, when he wrote, In the Beginning God made heaven and earth? No. Because I see not in his mind, that he thought of this when he wrote these things, as I do see it in Thy truth to be certain. For he might have his thoughts upon God’s commencement of creating, when he said In the beginning; and by heaven and earth, in this place he might intend no formed and perfected nature whether spiritual or corporeal, but both of them inchoate and as yet formless. For I perceive, that whichsoever of the two had been said, it might have been truly said; but which of the two he thought of in these words, I do not so perceive. Although, whether it were either of these, or any sense beside (that I have not here mentioned), which this so great man saw in his mind, when he uttered these words, I doubt not but that he saw it truly, and expressed it aptly.

Korean approach: 접근시키다, 접근하다, 아무게이야기를꺼내다, 거의...와 같다, 접근, 접근법, 착수하다, 에 다가가다, 착륙진입, 친근책, 에게 접근하다. aptly: 잘, 적절히, 교묘히. beside: 비교하여, 벗어나서, 떨어져서, 곁에, 빗나가서, 와 비교하여, 외에, 을 벗어나서, 의 곁에, 의 곁에서. confidence: 신임, 비밀, 자신, 신용, 배짱, 신뢰, 확신, 털어놓음, 대담함,

속이야기, 신뢰대담함. differently: 다르게, 같지 않게, 따로, 그렇지 않게, 별도로, 달리. excellent: 우수한, 탁월한, 아주 훌륭한. feed: 공급하다, 먹이를 먹다, 만족시키다, 기르다, 공급재료, 먹을 것을 줌, 사료, 식사공급, 음식물을주다, 식사, 음식물을 주다. inchoate: 불완전한, 창시하다, 시작한, 시작하다, 방금, 미완성의, 막 시작한,

방금 시작한. incommutable: 교환할 수 없는, 불편의, 환산할 수 없는, 바꿀수 없는, 불변의, 교환할수 없는. largeness: 다수의, 막연히, 큰, 관대한, 큼, 위대함, 과장된 상태, 관대. occur: 일어나다, 나타나다, 존재하다, 마음에 떠오르다, 나오다. wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것으로, 그것을 가지고.

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Let %no man harass me then, by saying, Moses thought not as you say, but as I say: for if he should ask me, “How know you that Moses thought that which you infer out of his words?” I ought to take it in good part, and would answer perchance as I have above, or something more at large, if he were unyielding. But when he saith, “Moses meant not what you say, but what I say,” yet denieth not that what each of us say, may both be true, O my God, life of the poor, in Whose bosom is no contradiction, pour down a softening dew into my heart, that I may patiently bear with such as say this to me, not because they have a divine Spirit, and have seen in the heart of Thy servant what they speak, but because they be proud; not knowing Moses’ opinion, but loving their own, not because it is truth, but because it is theirs. Otherwise they would equally love another true opinion, as I love what they say, when they say true: not because it is theirs, but because it is true; and on that very ground not theirs because it is true. But if they therefore love it, because it is true, then is it both theirs, and mine; as being in common to all lovers of truth. But whereas they contend that Moses did not mean what I say, but what they say, this I like not, love not: for though it were so, yet that their rashness belongs not to knowledge, but to overboldness, and not insight but vanity was its parent. And therefore, O Lord, are Thy judgements terrible; seeing Thy truth is neither mine, nor his, nor another’s; but belonging to us all, whom Thou callest publicly to partake of it, warning us terribly, not to account it private to ourselves, lest we he deprived of it. For whosoever challenges that as proper to himself, which Thou propoundest to all to enjoy, and would have that his own which belongs to all, is driven from what is in common to his own; that is, from truth, to a lie. For he that speaketh a lie, speaketh it of his own. Hearken, O God, Thou best judge; Truth Itself, hearken to what I shall say to this gainsayer, hearken, for before Thee do I speak, and before my brethren, who employ Thy law lawfully, to the end of charity: hearken and behold, if it please Thee, what I shall say to him. For this brotherly and peaceful word do I return unto Him: “If we both see that to be true that Thou sayest, and both see that to be true that I say, where, I pray Thee, do we see it? Neither I in thee, nor thou in me; but both in the unchangeable Truth itself, which is above our souls.” Seeing

Korean belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, 귀속 의식, 귀속. contend: 다투다, 논쟁하다, 주장하다, 항쟁하다, 투쟁하다, 싸우다, 경쟁하다, 경쟁자, 주장자, 논쟁자. contradiction: 부정, 모순, 부인, 상반, 반박, 모순된 말, 당착, 반대. dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울, 이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내리다-이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬, 신선함,

이슬로 젖다. harass: 괴롭히다. insight: 통찰력, 통찰, 식견, 견식, 간파, 간파력, 안식. parent: 조상, 모체, 근원, 어미, 어버이, 원인, 부모, 부모의, 원인이 되는 것. peaceful: 평온한, 태평한, 평화로운, 평화를 위한, 온화한, 평화적인, 평화를 애호하는, 평화를 사랑하는, 평시용의, 조용한, 평화스러운.

softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, 우둔. terrible: 무서운, 몹시, 극히 서투른, 호된, 무서운 사람, 대단한. terribly: 무섭게, 무시무시하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 심하게. unyielding: 굴하지않는, 굽지 않는, 단단한, 단호한, 완고한, 유연성이 없는, 탄력성이 없는. warning: 경고, 예고, 통지, 훈계, 전조, 경고의, 경보, 훈계의.

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then we strive not about the very light of the Lord God, why strive we about the thoughts of our neighbour which we cannot so see, as the unchangeable Truth is seen: for that, if Moses himself had appeared to us and said, “This I meant”; neither so should we see it, but should believe it. Let us not then be puffed up for one against another, above that which is written: let us love the Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, and with all our mind: and our neighbour as ourself. With a view to which two precepts of charity, unless we believe that Moses meant, whatsoever in those books he did mean, we shall make God a liar, imagining otherwise of our fellow servant’s mind, than he hath taught us. Behold now, how foolish it is, in such abundance of most true meanings, as may be extracted out of those words, rashly to affirm, which of them Moses principally meant; and with pernicious contentions to offend charity itself, for whose sake he spake every thing, whose words we go about to expound.% And yet I, O my God, Thou lifter up of my humility, and rest of my labour, Who hearest my confessions, and forgivest my sins: seeing Thou commandest me to love my neighbour as myself, I cannot believe that Thou gavest a less gift unto Moses Thy faithful servant, than I would wish or desire Thee to have given me, had I been born in the time he was, and hadst Thou set me in that office, that by the service of my heart and tongue those books might be dispensed, which for so long after were to profit all nations, and through the whole world from such an eminence of authority, were to surmount all sayings of false and proud teachings. I should have desired verily, had I then been Moses (for we all come from the same lump, and what is man, saving that Thou art mindful of him?), I would then, had I been then what he was, and been enjoined by Thee to write the book of Genesis, have desired such a power of expression and such a style to be given me, that neither they who cannot yet understand how God created, might reject the sayings, as beyond their capacity; and they who had attained thereto, might find what true opinion soever they had by thought arrived at, not passed over in those few words of that Thy servant: and should another man by the light of truth have discovered another, neither should that fail of being discoverable in those same words.

Korean discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수 있는. eminence: 탁월, 전하, 저명, 언덕, 고귀, 높은곳, 고위, 융기, 높은 곳. expression: 표정, 표현, 말투, 식, 가락, 말씨, 압착, 표현법. fellow: 한 쪽, 평의원, 자식, 일원, 애인, 놈, 동지, 동료, 동무, 한패, 녀석. liar: 거짓말쟁이. lifter: 승강기 운전사, 들어올리는

사람, 들어올리는 것. lump: 덩어리, 참다, 견디다, 덩어리지다, 많음, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷다, 총체로, 덩어리로 만들다, 혹, 땅딸보, 멍청이. nations: 근대 민족 국가, 민족 국가. opinion: 의견, 평가, 소신, 판단, 감정, 여론, 선악의 판단, 전문가의 의견. ourself: 나 스스로, 나 자신. principally: 주로, 대개, 대체로. rashly: 무모하게, 분별없게, 분별없이.

soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도. style: 스타일, 첨필, 문체, 역법, 체재, 양식, 호칭, 고상함, 부르다, 바늘, 화주. surmount: 이겨내다, 얹다, 극복하다, 오르다, 의 위에 놓다, 위에 놓다, 위로 솟아있다. unchangeable: 변하지 않는, 불변의. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로.

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For%as a fountain within a narrow compass, is more plentiful, and supplies a tide for more streams over larger spaces, than any one of those streams, which, after a wide interval, is derived from the same fountain; so the relation of that dispenser of Thine, which was to benefit many who were to discourse thereon, does out of a narrow scantling of language, overflow into streams of clearest truth, whence every man may draw out for himself such truth as he can upon these subjects, one, one truth, another, another, by larger circumlocutions of discourse. For some, when they read, or hear these words, conceive that God like a man or some mass endued with unbounded power, by some new and sudden resolution, did, exterior to itself, as it were at a certain distance, create heaven and earth, two great bodies above and below, wherein all things were to be contained. And when they hear, God said, Let it be made, and it was made; they conceive of words begun and ended, sounding in time, and passing away; after whose departure, that came into being, which was commanded so to do; and whatever of the like sort, men’s acquaintance with the material world would suggest. In whom, being yet little ones and carnal, while their weakness is by this humble kind of speech, carried on, as in a mother’s bosom, their faith is wholesomely built up, whereby they hold assured, that God made all natures, which in admirable variety their eye beholdeth around. Which words, if any despising, as too simple, with a proud weakness, shall stretch himself beyond the guardian nest; he will, alas, fall miserably. Have pity, O Lord God, lest they who go by the way trample on the unfledged bird, and send Thine angel to replace it into the nest, that it may live, till it can fly. But others, unto whom these words are no longer a nest, but deep shady fruit-bowers, see the fruits concealed therein, fly joyously around, and with cheerful notes seek out, and pluck them. For reading or hearing these words, they see that all times past and to come, are surpassed by Thy eternal and stable abiding; and yet that there is no creature formed in time, not of Thy making. Whose will, because it is the same that Thou art, Thou madest all things, not by any change of will, nor by a will, which before was not, and that these things were not out of Thyself, in Thine own likeness, which is the form of all things; but out of nothing, a formless unlikeness, which should be formed by Thy

Korean alas: 아아, 슬픈지고. cheerful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 쾌활한, 싫은, 지독한, 마음으로 부터의, 기분 좋은, 기운찬, 마음을 밝게하는, 명랑한, 밝은. concealed: 숨기는. departure: 이탈, 출발, 발차, 변경, 출발의, 동서 거리, 새 발전, 사망. exterior: 외부의, 외면의, 외부, 외면, 외관, 옥외 풍경, 대외적인, 외모, 외관상의, 관계 없는.

joyously: 기쁘게. nest: 깃들이다, 둥지, 보금자리, 새집을 찾다, 보금자리를 짓다, 안식처, 피난처, 알자리를 찾다, 포개넣다, 둥지를 만들다, 소굴. scantling: 작은 치수, 각재, 소량, 오리목, 용적, 작은 각재류, 켜낸 재목. shady: 수상한, 희미한, 뒤가 구린, 그늘의, 좋지않은, 그늘이 많은, 떳떳하지 못한, 드러내 놓을 수 없는.

stable: 안정된, 착실한, 마구간, 마구간에 넣다, 복원력이 있는, 외양간, 말, 말 조련장, 안정성의, 영속성의, 견고한. trample: 짓밟다, 짓밟음, 유린하다, 심하게 다루다, 짓밟는 소리, 무시하다, 내리 밟다. unfledged: 깃털이 다 나지 않은, 젖비린애 나는, 덜 발달한 미숙한. wholesomely: 건전하게.

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likeness (recurring to Thy Unity, according to their appointed capacity, so far as is given to each thing in his kind), and might all be made very good; whether they abide around Thee, or being in gradation removed in time and place, made or undergo the beautiful variations of the Universe. These things they see, and rejoice, in the little degree they here may, in the light of Thy truth.% Another bends his mind on that which is said, In the Beginning God made heaven and earth; and beholdeth therein Wisdom, the Beginning because It also speaketh unto us. Another likewise bends his mind on the same words, and by Beginning understands the commencement of things created; In the beginning He made, as if it were said, He at first made. And among them that understand In the Beginning to mean, “In Thy Wisdom Thou createdst heaven and earth,” one believes the matter out of which the heaven and earth were to be created, to be there called heaven and earth; another, natures already formed and distinguished; another, one formed nature, and that a spiritual, under the name Heaven, the other formless, a corporeal matter, under the name Earth. They again who by the names heaven and earth, understand matter as yet formless, out of which heaven and earth were to be formed, neither do they understand it in one way; but the one, that matter out of which both the intelligible and the sensible creature were to be perfected; another, that only, out of which this sensible corporeal mass was to he made, containing in its vast bosom these visible and ordinary natures. Neither do they, who believe the creatures already ordered and arranged, to be in this place called heaven and earth, understand the same; but the one, both the invisible and visible, the other, the visible only, in which we behold this lightsome heaven, and darksome earth, with the things in them contained. But he that no otherwise understands In the Beginning He made, than if it were said, At first He made, can only truly understand heaven and earth of the matter of heaven and earth, that is, of the universal intelligible and corporeal creation. For if he would understand thereby the universe, as already formed, it may be rightly demanded of him, “If God made this first, what made He afterwards?” and after the universe, he will find nothing; whereupon must he

Korean according: 그러므로, 따라서, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여. 우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, behold: 보다. 광명이 없는. bends: 잠함병, 케이슨병. formless: 무정형의, 형태없는, 형태가 bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 없는, 모양이 확실치 않은, 형태 없는. 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, gradation: 모음 전환, 등급 매기기, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면. 순위, 순서, 단계, 변화, 바림, 점충법, corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 순서를 매김. 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 육체의. 알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인.

lightsome: 빛나는, 쾌활한, 밝은, 경솔한, 재빠른. likeness: 비슷함, 상사성, 외관, 초상, 흡사한 것, 흡사한 사람. matter: 물질, 재료, 질료, 곪다, 중요하다, 본질, 마티에르, 내용, 명제의 본질, 문제, 자료. rejoice: 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 축하하다, 향유하다, 가지고 있다, 좋아하다, 을 누리고 있다, 즐기다, 괴상한 이름을 가지고 있다.

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against %his will hear another question; “How did God make this first, if nothing after?” But when he says, God made matter first formless, then formed, there is no absurdity, if he be but qualified to discern, what precedes by eternity, what by time, what by choice, and what in original. By eternity, as God is before all things; by time, as the flower before the fruit; by choice, as the fruit before the flower; by original, as the sound before the tune. Of these four, the first and last mentioned, are with extreme difficulty understood, the two middle, easily. For a rare and too lofty a vision is it, to behold Thy Eternity, O Lord, unchangeably making things changeable; and thereby before them. And who, again, is of so sharpsighted understanding, as to be able without great pains to discern, how the sound is therefore before the tune; because a tune is a formed sound; and a thing not formed, may exist; whereas that which existeth not, cannot be formed. Thus is the matter before the thing made; not because it maketh it, seeing itself is rather made; nor is it before by interval of time; for we do not first in time utter formless sounds without singing, and subsequently adapt or fashion them into the form of a chant, as wood or silver, whereof a chest or vessel is fashioned. For such materials do by time also precede the forms of the things made of them, but in singing it is not so; for when it is sung, its sound is heard; for there is not first a formless sound, which is afterwards formed into a chant. For each sound, so soon as made, passeth away, nor canst thou find ought to recall and by art to compose. So then the chant is concentrated in its sound, which sound of his is his matter. And this indeed is formed, that it may be a tune; and therefore (as I said) the matter of the sound is before the form of the tune; not before, through any power it hath to make it a tune; for a sound is no way the workmaster of the tune; but is something corporeal, subjected to the soul which singeth, whereof to make a tune. Nor is it first in time; for it is given forth together with the tune; nor first in choice, for a sound is not better than a tune, a tune being not only a sound, but a beautiful sound. But it is first in original, because a tune receives not form to become a sound, but a sound receives a form to become a tune. By this example, let him that is able, understand how the matter of things was first made, and called heaven and earth, because heaven and earth were made out of it. Yet was it not made first in time; because the forms of things give rise to time;

Korean absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, 불합리, 어리석은 일. adapt: 적응시키다, 수정하다, 개작하다, 조화시키다, 순응하다, 개조 하다, 번안 하다, 각색 하다, 순응시키다. chant: 성가, 노래, 자주 반복되는 의견, 영창하다, 영창조, 부르다, 찬송하다, 단조로운 말투, 되풀이 하다, 크게 찬양하다, 단조로운 말투로계속하다.

compose: 짓다, 구성하다, 조립하다, 조정하다, 작곡하다, 식자하다, 안치하다, 작문하다, 짜맞추다, 가다듬다, 쓰다. concentrated: 집중된, 농축한, 응집된, 집중한. fashioned: 식의. flower: 꽃, 개화, 꽃이 피다, 화초, 번영하다, 만개, 꽃으로 꾸미다, 에 꽃을 피우다, 월경, 사화, 꽃을 피우다.

sharpsighted: 눈이 날카로운. silver: 은, 은의, 은화, 은을 입히다, 은으로 만든, 은그릇, 은도금 하다, 질산은, 질산은을 칠하다, 은실, 은 같은. tune: 협조, 상태, 조율하다, 곡조, 조화시키다, 노래하다, 곡, 조화, 장단이 맞음, 음조를 맞추다, 갑자기 겸손해지다. vessel: 배, 도관, 용기, 비행선, 그릇, 맥관, 관, 사람.

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but that was without form, but now is, in time, an object of sense together with its form. And yet nothing can be related of that matter, but as though prior in time, whereas in value it is last (because things formed are superior to things without form) and is preceded by the Eternity of the Creator: that so there might be out of nothing, whereof somewhat might be created.% In this diversity of the true opinions, let Truth herself produce concord. And our God have mercy upon us, that we may use the law lawfully, the end of the commandment, pure charity. By this if man demands of me, “which of these was the meaning of Thy servant Moses”; this were not the language of my Confessions, should I not confess unto Thee, “I know not”; and yet I know that those senses are true, those carnal ones excepted, of which I have spoken what seemed necessary. And even those hopeful little ones who so think, have this benefit, that the words of Thy Book affright them not, delivering high things lowlily, and with few words a copious meaning. And all we who, I confess, see and express the truth delivered in those words, let us love one another, and jointly love Thee our God, the fountain of truth, if we are athirst for it, and not for vanities; yea, let us so honour this Thy servant, the dispenser of this Scripture, full of Thy Spirit, as to believe that, when by Thy revelation he wrote these things, he intended that, which among them chiefly excels both for light of truth, and fruitfulness of profit. So when one says, “Moses meant as I do”; and another, “Nay, but as I do,” I suppose that I speak more reverently, “Why not rather as both, if both be true?” And if there be a third, or a fourth, yea if any other seeth any other truth in those words, why may not he be believed to have seen all these, through whom the One God hath tempered the holy Scriptures to the senses of many, who should see therein things true but divers? For I certainly (and fearlessly I speak it from my heart), that were I to indite any thing to have supreme authority, I should prefer so to write, that whatever truth any could apprehend on those matters, might he conveyed in my words, rather than set down my own meaning so clearly as to exclude the rest, which not being false, could not offend me. I will not therefore, O my God, be so rash, as not to believe, that Thou vouchsafedst as

Korean affright: 공포, 놀람, 놀래다, 무서워하게 하다, 놀라게 하다, 두려워하게 하다. benefit: 은혜, 기부금, 자선 흥행이익을 주다, 이익, 은전, 도움을 받다, 희사, 의 이익이 되다, 이의, 자선 공연, 국민 보험의 급부. commandment: 계율, 명령, 계명, 명령권, 지령, 지휘권. concord: 협화음, 일치, 화합, 협약, 호응, 협정, 화현, 콩코드 포도,

콩코드, 조화, 우호협정. diversity: 다양성, 다름, 다양한 인력, 상이, 여러 가지. excepted: 제외되어, 예외인. exclude: 몰아내다, 제외하다, 배척하다, 추방하다, 들어오지 못하게 하다, 채택하지 않다, 여지를 전혀 주지 않다. fruitfulness: 열매를 많이 맺는 것. indite: 짓다, 쓰다. jointly: 공동으로, 합동으로.

prefer: 제출하다, 우선권을 주다, 승진시키다, 을 좋아하다, 에게 우선권을 주다, 제기하다, 채권자 등에게 우선권을 주다. prior: 수도원 부원장, 전의, 앞의, 소수도원의 원장, 보다중요한, 소 수도원장, 이전으로, 이전의, 이전에. somewhat: 얼마간, 다소, 어느 정도, 약간. supreme: 최후의, 지고의, 최고도, 최고위의, 절대의.

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much to that great man. He without doubt, when he wrote those words, perceived and thought on what truth soever we have been able to find, yea and whatsoever we have not been able, nor yet are, but which may be found in them.% Lastly, O Lord, who art God and not flesh and blood, if man did see less, could any thing be concealed from Thy good Spirit (who shall lead me into the land of uprightness), which Thou Thyself by those words wert about to reveal to readers in times to come, though he through whom they were spoken, perhaps among many true meanings, thought on some one? which if so it be, let that which he thought on be of all the highest. But to us, O Lord, do Thou, either reveal that same, or any other true one which Thou pleasest; that so, whether Thou discoverest the same to us, as to that Thy servant, or some other by occasion of those words, yet Thou mayest feed us, not error deceive us. Behold, O Lord my God, how much we have written upon a few words, how much I beseech Thee! What strength of ours, yea what ages would suffice for all Thy books in this manner? Permit me then in these more briefly to confess unto Thee, and to choose some one true, certain, and good sense that Thou shalt inspire me, although many should occur, where many may occur; this being the law my confession, that if I should say that which Thy minister intended, that is right and best; for this should I endeavour, which if I should not attain, yet I should say that, which Thy Truth willed by his words to tell me, which revealed also unto him, what It willed.

Korean attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다, 이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다, 첨부하다. beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다. choose: 고르다, 선택하다, 원하다, 선거하다, 결정하다, 하고 싶은 기분이 들다, 택하다, 선택, 바라다, 하는 쪽을 택하다. deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다, 사기하다.

inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, 불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다, 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다, 감격시키다. lead: 납, 도선, 측연, 선도, 지내다, 안내하다, 우세, 거느리다, 통하다, 지휘, 지침. occasion: 기회, 일으키다, 원인, 특수한 경우, 이유, 근거, 용무, 때, 유인, 특별한 사건, 특정한 때.

shalt: 직설법 현재. soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로. wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거. willed: 의 의지가 있는. yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇게 높은, 네.

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BOOK

%XIII

I call upon Thee, O my God, my mercy, Who createdst me, and forgottest not me, forgetting Thee. I call Thee into my soul which, by the longing Thyself inspirest into her, Thou preparest for Thee. Forsake me not now calling upon Thee, whom Thou preventedst before I called, and urgedst me with much variety of repeated calls, that I would hear Thee from afar, and be converted, and call upon Thee, that calledst after me; for Thou, Lord, blottedst out all my evil deservings, so as not to repay into my hands, wherewith I fell from Thee; and Thou hast prevented all my well deservings, so as to repay the work of Thy hands wherewith Thou madest me; because before I was, Thou wert; nor was I any thing, to which Thou mightest grant to be; and yet behold, I am, out of Thy goodness, preventing all this which Thou hast made me, and whereof Thou hast made me. For neither hadst Thou need of me, nor am I any such good, as to be helpful unto Thee, my Lord and God; not in serving Thee, as though Thou wouldest tire in working; or lest Thy power might be less, if lacking my service: nor cultivating Thy service, as a land, that must remain uncultivated, unless I cultivated Thee: but serving and worshipping Thee, that I might receive a wellbeing from Thee, from whom it comes, that I have a being capable of well-being. For of the fulness of Thy goodness, doth Thy creature subsist, that so a good, which could no ways profit Thee, nor was of Thee (lest so it should be equal to Thee), might yet be since it could be made of Thee. For what did heaven and

Korean cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된, 뭍, 얻다, 에 빠지게 하다. 개간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된, receive: 수신하다, 이해하다, 교양 있는. 경험하다, 수용하다, 수취하다, 받다, forsake: 버리다, 저버리다. 사들이다, 수령하다, 응접하다, fulness: 비만, 충만, 참, 풍부, 만족, 차 받아내다, 접수하다. 있음, 풍부함. subsist: 생존하다, 존재하다, hands: 소유, 일군. 급양하다, 밥을 대다, 생활하다, hast: 단수. 존속하다, 에게 양식을 공급하다. helpful: 도움이 되는, 유용한. tire: 타이어, 지치다, 피로하게하다, land: 땅, 소유지, 상륙시키다, 넌더리나게 하다, 머리 장식, 상륙하다, 토지, 육지, 지면, 빠지다, 싫증나게 하다, 장식을 하다, 지겹게

하다, 타이어를 달다, 피곤해지다, 싫증 나다. uncultivated: 교양없는조야한, 미개간의, 닦지 않은, 미개의, 갈지 않은. well-being: 안녕, 평안, 복리. wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것으로, 그것을 가지고.

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earth, %which Thou madest in the Beginning, deserve of Thee? Let those spiritual and corporeal natures which Thou madest in Thy Wisdom, say wherein they deserved of Thee, to depend thereon (even in that their several inchoate and formless state, whether spiritual or corporeal, ready to fall away into an immoderate liberty and far-distant unlikeliness unto Thee; -the spiritual, though without form, superior to the corporeal though formed, and the corporeal though without form, better than were it altogether nothing), and so to depend upon Thy Word, as formless, unless by the same Word they were brought back to Thy Unity, indued with form and from Thee the One Sovereign Good were made all very good. How did they deserve of Thee, to be even without form, since they had not been even this, but from Thee? How did corporeal matter deserve of Thee, to be even invisible and without form? seeing it were not even this, but that Thou madest it, and therefore because it was not, could not deserve of Thee to be made. Or how could the inchoate spiritual creature deserve of Thee, even to ebb and flow darksomely like the deep, -unlike Thee, unless it had been by the same Word turned to that, by Whom it was created, and by Him so enlightened, become light; though not equally, yet conformably to that Form which is equal unto Thee? For as in a body, to be, is not one with being beautiful, else could it not be deformed; so likewise to a created spirit to live, is not one with living wisely; else should it be wise unchangeably. But good it is for it always to hold fast to Thee; lest what light it hath obtained by turning to Thee, it lose by turning from Thee, and relapse into life resembling the darksome deep. For we ourselves also, who as to the soul are a spiritual creature, turned away from Thee our light, were in that life sometimes darkness; and still labour amidst the relics of our darkness, until in Thy Only One we become Thy righteousness, like the mountains of God. For we have been Thy judgments, which are like the great deep. That which Thou saidst in the beginning of the creation, Let there be light, and there was light; I do, not unsuitably, understand of the spiritual creature: because there was already a sort of life, which Thou mightest illuminate. But as it had no claim on Thee for a life, which could be enlightened, so neither now

Korean amidst: 한창 하는 중에, 의 한복판에. 균일하게, 동등하게, 그럼에도 relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보, conformably: 유순히, 일치하여. 불구하고, 같게, 똑같게. 병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에 depend: 의지하다, 믿다, 의존하다, illuminate: 비추다, 계몽하다, 빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의 종속하다, 매달리다, 나름이다, 밝아지다, 분명히 하다, 을 명백히 재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다. 미결이다. 하다, 광명을 던지다, 명성을 높이다, relics: 시체, 유물. deserve: 값어치가 있다, 받을 만하다, 장식하다, 광채를 더하다, 해명하다, turning: 굴곡, 선회, 회전, 변화, 변절, 할 만하다. 유명하게하다. 녹로세공, 형성, 선반 세공법, 녹로 ebb: 썰물, 간조, 기울다, 쇠퇴, 성쇠, lose: 실패하다, 지다, 잃다, 벗어나다, 세공법, 녹로 세공, 선반 세공. 성쇠-써다, 만회하다, 감퇴, 줄다, 패하다, 줄다, 정신 팔리다, 을 unlikeliness: 다름, 상이. 빠지다. 잃게하다, 손해보다, 늦어서 못타다, wisely: 현명하게. equally: 평등하게, 그와 동시에, 쇠하다.

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that it was, had it any, to be enlightened. For neither could its formless estate be pleasing unto Thee, unless it became light, and that not by existing simply, but by beholding the illuminating light, and cleaving to it; so that, that it lived, and lived happily, it owes to nothing but Thy grace, being turned by a better change unto That which cannot be changed into worse or better; which Thou alone art, because Thou alone simply art; unto Thee it being not one thing to live, another to live blessedly, seeing Thyself art Thine own Blessedness.% What then could he wanting unto Thy good, which Thou Thyself art, although these things had either never been, or remained without form; which thou madest, not out of any want, but out of the fulness of Thy goodness, restraining them and converting them to form, not as though Thy joy were fulfilled by them? For to Thee being perfect, is their imperfection displeasing, and hence were they perfected by Thee, and please Thee; not as wert Thou imperfect, and by their perfecting wert also to be perfected. For Thy good Spirit indeed was borne over the waters, not borne up by them, as if He rested upon them. For those, on whom Thy good Spirit is said to rest, He causes to rest in Himself. But Thy incorruptible and unchangeable will, in itself all-sufficient for itself, was borne upon that life which Thou hadst created; to which, living is not one with happy living, seeing it liveth also, ebbing and flowing in its own darkness: for which it remaineth to be converted unto Him, by Whom it was made, and to live more and more by the fountain of life, and in His light to see light, and to be perfected, and enlightened, and beautified. Lo, now the Trinity appears unto me in a glass darkly, which is Thou my God, because Thou, O Father, in Him Who is the Beginning of our wisdom, Which is Thy Wisdom, born of Thyself, equal unto Thee and coeternal, that is, in Thy Son, createdst heaven and earth. Much now have we said of the Heaven of heavens, and of the earth invisible and without form, and of the darksome deep, in reference to the wandering instability of its spiritual deformity, unless it had been converted unto Him, from Whom it had its then degree of life, and by His enlightening became a beauteous life, and the heaven of that heaven, which was afterwards set between water and water. And under the name of God, I now

Korean beauteous: 아름다운, 우아한. blessedly: 즐겁게, 행복하게, 다행히. darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린, 우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, 광명이 없는. deformity: 추함, 결함, 불구, 신체 장애자, 기형, 신체의 기형 부분. fulness: 비만, 충만, 참, 풍부, 만족, 차 있음, 풍부함. happily: 행복하게, 우연히, 운좋게,

다행하게도. 싶어하다, 만족시키다, 제발, 의 illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는, 마음에 들다, 좋아하다, 남의 마음에 밝히는, 계몽적인. 들다, 제발-기뻐하다, 아무쪼록, imperfection: 불완전, 결점, 결함. 기뻐하다. instability: 불안정, 변덕, 변하기 reference: 조회, 참조, 인용문, 관계, 쉬움, 불안정성. 문의, 언급, 참조문, 관련, 위탁, perfect: 완전한, 전적인, 결점 없는, 증명서, 참고. 숙달한, 완료의, 정확한, 마무리하다, worse: 더욱 나쁘게, 더욱 나쁜, 더욱 맞았어요, 아주 잘했어요, 나쁜 일, 더욱 심하게, 보다 나쁜, 완벽합니다, 완벽해요. 악화되어, 한층 더 나쁨. please: 부디, 기쁘게 하다, 하고

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held the Father, who made these things, and under the name of Beginning, the Son, in whom He made these things; and believing, as I did, my God as the Trinity, I searched further in His holy words, and to, Thy Spirit moved upon the waters. Behold the Trinity, my God, Father, and Son, and Holy Ghost, Creator of all creation.% But what was the cause, O true-speaking Light? -unto Thee lift I up my heart, let it not teach me vanities, dispel its darkness; and tell me, I beseech Thee, by our mother charity, tell me the reason, I beseech Thee, why after the mention of heaven, and of the earth invisible and without form, and darkness upon the deep, Thy Scripture should then at length mention Thy Spirit? Was it because it was meet that the knowledge of Him should be conveyed, as being “borne above”; and this could not be said, unless that were first mentioned, over which Thy Spirit may be understood to have been borne. For neither was He borne above the Father, nor the Son, nor could He rightly be said to be borne above, if He were borne over nothing. First then was that to be spoken of, over which He might be borne; and then He, whom it was meet not otherwise to be spoken of than as being borne. But wherefore was it not meet that the knowledge of Him should be conveyed otherwise, than as being borne above? Hence let him that is able, follow with his understanding Thy Apostle, where he thus speaks, Because Thy love is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us: and where concerning spiritual gifts, he teacheth and showeth unto us a more excellent way of charity; and where he bows his knee unto Thee for us, that we may know the supereminent knowledge of the love of Christ. And therefore from the beginning, was He borne supereminent above the waters. To whom shall I speak this? how speak of the weight of evil desires, downwards to the steep abyss; and how charity raises up again by Thy Spirit which was borne above the waters? to whom shall I speak it? how speak it? For it is not in space that we are merged and emerge. What can be more, and yet what less like? They be affections, they be loves; the uncleanness of our spirit flowing away downwards with the love of cares, and the holiness of Thine raising us upward by love of unanxious repose; that we may lift our hearts unto Thee, where Thy Spirit is borne above the waters; and come to that supereminent

Korean bows: 이물. dispel: 쫓아 버리다, 홑뜨리다, 흩뜨리다, 쫓아버리다. downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여, 아래쪽으로. emerge: 벗어나다, 나타나다, 나오다, 드러나다. follow: 이해하다, 추적하다, 뒤따르다, 종사하다, 추구, 추종, 더 청하는 음식, 뒤에서 쫓아가다, 따라가다, 따라오다, 따르다.

holiness: 신성, 신성한 것, 성하. lift: 승강기, 승진, 향상시키다, 올림, 도둑, 위로 향함, 높아지다, 제거하다, 올라가다, 걷힘, 캐내다. reason: 이유, 논하다, 추론하다, 설복하다, 이성, 동기, 도리, 분별, 제정신, 추리력, 추리하다. shed: 벗다, 발하다, 격납고, 갈다, 깃털을 갈다, 내다, 헛간, 의지간, 탈피하다, 흘리다, 태양열 교환 추진. steep: 담그는 액체, 험한, 엄청난,

가풀막, 적시다, 담그다, 담금, 몰두 시키다, 급경사진, 가파른, 적심. supereminent: 매우 탁월한, 발군의. uncleanness: 불결. upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로. weight: 무게, 가중치, 중량, 압박, 무겁게하다, 무거운 짐을 지우다, 무거운 짐, 무거운 물건, 괴롭히다, 중요성, 무게를 가하다.

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repose, when our soul shall have passed through the waters which yield no support.% Angels fell away, man’s soul fell away, and thereby pointed the abyss in that dark depth, ready for the whole spiritual creation, hadst not Thou said from the beginning, Let there be light, and there had been light, and every obedient intelligence of Thy heavenly City had cleaved to Thee, and rested in Thy Spirit, Which is borne unchangeably over every thing changeable. Otherwise, had even the heaven of heavens been in itself a darksome deep; but now it is light in the Lord. For even in that miserable restlessness of the spirits, who fell away and discovered their own darkness, when bared of the clothing of Thy light, dost Thou sufficiently reveal how noble Thou madest the reasonable creature; to which nothing will suffice to yield a happy rest, less than Thee; and so not even herself. For Thou, O our God, shalt lighten our darkness: from Thee riseth our garment of light; and then shall our darkness be as the noon day. Give Thyself unto me, O my God, restore Thyself unto me: behold I love, and if it be too little, I would love more strongly. I cannot measure so as to know, how much love there yet lacketh to me, ere my life may run into Thy embracements, nor turn away, until it be hidden in the hidden place of Thy Presence. This only I know, that woe is me except in Thee: not only without but within myself also; and all abundance, which is not my God, is emptiness to me. But was not either the Father, or the Son, borne above the waters? if this means, in space, like a body, then neither was the Holy Spirit; but if the unchangeable supereminence of Divinity above all things changeable, then were both Father, and Son, and Holy Ghost borne upon the waters. Why then is this said of Thy Spirit only, why is it said only of Him? As if He had been in place, Who is not in place, of Whom only it is written, that He is Thy gift? In Thy Gift we rest; there we enjoy Thee. Our rest is our place. Love lifts us up thither, and Thy good Spirit lifts up our lowliness from the gates of death. In Thy good pleasure is our peace. The body by its own weight strives towards its own place. Weight makes not downward only, but to his own place. Fire tends upward, a stone downward. They are urged by their own weight, they seek their own

Korean clothing: 의류, 덮개, 돛. 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 과하지 않은, 알맞은, 합리적인, downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 뛰어난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 합당한, 적당한, 이성이 있는. 이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 파괴지도자. restore: 회복하다, 복구하다, 내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, pointed: 뾰족한, 가시돋친, 노골적인, 회복시키다, 복직시키다, 복위시키다, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한. 두드러진, 말씨가 명쾌한, 명쾌한. 본래대로 하다, 반환하다, 되찾다, herself: 그 여자 자신, 그녀는, 그녀 ready: 즉석의, 재빠른, 하기 쉬운, 되돌려주다, 돌려주다, 부활시키다. 자신. 준비시키다, 준비된, 편리한, 준비를 sufficiently: 충분히. intelligence: 지성, 지성적 존재, 총명, 갖춘, 준비가 되어 있는, 채비가된, unchangeably: 일정하게, 변함없이, 지능, 지혜, 정보, 이해력, 보도, 사격 준비 자세를 취한, 준비하다. 안정되게. 첩보기관, 정보부원, 정보 기관. reasonable: 온당한, 도리에 맞는, noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 사리를 아는, 정당한, 조리가 서는,

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places. Oil poured below water, is raised above the water; water poured upon oil, sinks below the oil. They are urged by their own weights to seek their own places. When out of their order, they are restless; restored to order, they are at rest. My weight, is my love; thereby am I borne, whithersoever I am borne. We are inflamed, by Thy Gift we are kindled; and are carried upwards; we glow inwardly, and go forwards. We ascend Thy ways that be in our heart, and sing a song of degrees; we glow inwardly with Thy fire, with Thy good fire, and we go; because we go upwards to the peace of Jerusalem: for gladdened was I in those who said unto me, We will go up to the house of the Lord. There hath Thy good pleasure placed us, that we may desire nothing else, but to abide there for ever.% Blessed creature, which being itself other than Thou, has known no other condition, than that, so soon as it was made, it was, without any interval, by Thy Gift, Which is borne above every thing changeable, borne aloft by that calling whereby Thou saidst, Let there be light, and there was light. Whereas in us this took place at different times, in that we were darkness, and are made light: but of that is only said, what it would have been, had it not been enlightened. And, this is so spoken, as if it had been unsettled and darksome before; that so the cause whereby it was made otherwise, might appear, namely, that being turned to the Light unfailing it became light. Whoso can, let him understand this; let him ask of Thee. Why should he trouble me, as if I could enlighten any man that cometh into this world? Which of us comprehendeth the Almighty Trinity? and yet which speaks not of It, if indeed it be It? Rare is the soul, which while it speaks of It, knows what it speaks of. And they contend and strive, yet, without peace, no man sees that vision. I would that men would consider these three, that are in themselves. These three be indeed far other than the Trinity: I do but tell, where they may practise themselves, and there prove and feel how far they be. Now the three I spake of are, To Be, to Know, and to Will. For I Am, and Know, and Will: I Am Knowing and Willing: and I Know myself to Be, and to Will: and I Will to Be, and to Know. In these three then, let him discern that can, how inseparable a life there is, yea one life, mind, and one essence, yea lastly how inseparable a

Korean carried: 운반된, 넋을 잃은, 황홀해진, 황홀한, 제 정신을 잃은. condition: 상태, 조절하다, 조건, 신분, 처지, 개량하다, 에게 조건 반사를 일으키게 하다, 조건절, 주위의 상황, 불가결한 사정, 재시험. essence: 정, 정수, 본질, 향수, 에센스, 실체, 엑스, 실재. glow: 백열, 열정, 선명함, 열중하다, 기쁨, 달다, 만족감, 백열빛을 내다, 불붙다, 작열, 빛을 발하다.

inseparable: 분리할 수 없는, 친구, 나눌수없는, 떨어지기 어려운것, 떨어질수 없는, 나눌 수 없는. practise: 사건 의뢰인, 환자, 의식, 실행, 버릇, 습관, 습관적으로 행하다, 연습, 예배식, 의사를 개업하다, 변호사 등을 개업하다. prove: 입증하다, 시험하다, 검산하다, 이라 판명되다, 인정하다, 인하다, 임이 알려지다, 이라는 것을 알다, 의 교정쇄를 내다, 을 검산하다, 알다.

raised: 높인, 양각의, 붕긋한, 한층 높은, 도드라진, 높아진, 부풀게한, 부풀게 한, 효모로 부풀게 한. unfailing: 신뢰할 수 있는, 틀림이 없는, 끊임 없는, 다함 없는, 절대 확실한. upwards: 향상 지향의, 에서 위쪽으로, 위로 향하여, 이상. vision: 시력, 환상, 시각, 상상력, 환영, 허깨비, 광경, 아름다운 사람, 예언력, 유령, 봄.

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distinction %there is, and yet a distinction. Surely a man hath it before him; let him look into himself, and see, and tell me. But when he discovers and can say any thing of these, let him not therefore think that he has found that which is above these Unchangeable, which Is unchangeably, and Knows unchangeably, and Wills unchangeably; and whether because of these three, there is in God also a Trinity, or whether all three be in Each, so that the three belong to Each; or whether both ways at once, wondrously, simply and yet manifoldly, Itself a bound unto Itself within Itself, yet unbounded; whereby It is, and is Known unto Itself and sufficeth to itself, unchangeably the Self-same, by the abundant greatness of its Unity, -who can readily conceive this? who could any ways express it? who would, any way, pronounce thereon rashly? Proceed in thy confession, say to the Lord thy God, O my faith, Holy, Holy, Holy, O Lord my God, in Thy Name have we been baptised, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost; in Thy Name do we baptise, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, because among us also, in His Christ did God make heaven and earth, namely, the spiritual and carnal people of His Church. Yea and our earth, before it received the form of doctrine, was invisible and without form; and we were covered with the darkness of ignorance. For Thou chastenedst man for iniquity, and Thy judgments were like the great deep unto him. But because Thy Spirit was borne above the waters, Thy mercy forsook not our misery, and Thou saidst, Let there be light, Repent ye, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. Repent ye, let there be light. And because our soul was troubled within us, we remembered Thee, O Lord, from the land of Jordan, and that mountain equal unto Thyself, but little for our sakes: and our darkness displeased us, we turned unto Thee and there was light. And, behold, we were sometimes darkness, but now light in the Lord. But as yet by faith and not by sight, for by hope we are saved; but hope that is seen, is not hope. As yet doth deep call unto deep, but now in the voice of Thy water-spouts. As yet doth he that saith, I could not speak unto you as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal, even he as yet, doth not think himself to have apprehended, and forgetteth those things which are behind, and reacheth forth to those which are before, and groaneth being burthened, and his soul thirsteth

Korean baptise: 명명하다, 별명을붙이다 세례를 주다, 세례를 주다. behold: 보다. bound: 범위, 경계, 행의, 열중하여, 되튀다, 뜀, 밀접한 관계에, 한계, 에 가려고, 결심을 한, 확실한. carnal: 육체의, 현세적인, 육욕적인, 육감적인, 속세의, 물질적인. covered: 덮개를 씌운, 뚜껑을 한, 모자를 쓴, 엄호물이 있는, 지붕이 있는, 차폐한, 감춰진.

displeased: 화난. doth: 현재형, 직설법. iniquity: 부정, 부정행위, 죄악, 죄, 불법. mountain: 산, 산더미 같은, 산더미처럼 큰 것, 산악당, 프랑스사의 산악당. proceed: 나아가다, 계속하다, 발생하다, 생기다, 착수하다, 시작하다, 매상고, 처분하다, 속행하다, 수입, 소송 절차를 밟다.

rashly: 무모하게, 분별없게, 분별없이. simply: 다만, 전혀, 어리석게, 단순히, 솔직히, 간단히, 고지식하게, 간소하게, 정말로, 천진난만하게. thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시. unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은, 억제할 수 없는. unchangeably: 일정하게, 변함없이, 안정되게. wondrously: 불가사의하게, 놀랄만하게.

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after %the Living God, as the hart after the water-brooks, and saith, When shall I come? desiring to be clothed upon with his house which is from heaven, and calleth upon this lower deep, saying, Be not conformed to this world, but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind. And, be not children in understanding, but in malice, be ye children, that in understanding ye may be perfect; and O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you? But now no longer in his own voice; but in Thine who sentest Thy Spirit from above; through Him who ascended up on high, and set open the flood-gates of His gifts, that the force of His streams might make glad the city of God. Him doth this friend of the Bridegroom sigh after, having now the first-fruits of the Spirit laid up with Him, yet still groaning within himself, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of his body; to Him he sighs, a member of the Bride; for Him he is jealous, as being a friend of the Bridegroom; for Him he is jealous, not for himself; because in the voice of Thy water-spouts, not in his own voice, doth he call to that other depth, over whom being jealous he feareth, lest as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtilty, so their minds should be corrupted from the purity that is in our Bridegroom Thy only Son. O what a light of beauty will that be, when we shall see Him as He is, and those tears be passed away, which have been my meat day and night, whilst they daily say unto me, Where is now Thy God? Behold, I too say, O my God, Where art Thou? see, where Thou art! in Thee I breathe a little, when I pour out my soul by myself in the voice of joy and praise, the sound of him that keeps holy-day. And yet again it is sad, because it relapseth, and becomes a deep, or rather perceives itself still to be a deep. Unto it speaks my faith which Thou hast kindled to enlighten my feet in the night, Why art thou sad, O my soul, and why dost thou trouble me? Hope in the Lord; His word is a lanthorn unto thy feet: hope and endure, until the night, the mother of the wicked, until the wrath of the Lord, be overpast, whereof we also were once children, who were sometimes darkness, relics whereof we bear about us in our body, dead because of sin; until the day break, and the shadows fly away. Hope thou in the Lord; in the morning I shall stand in Thy presence, and contemplate Thee: I shall for ever confess unto Thee. In the morning I shall stand in Thy

Korean bewitched: 요술을 거는. break: 부서지다, 깨뜨리다, 관계를 끊다, 돌발하다, 부수다, 무너지다, 교제를 끊다, 단절, 꺾이다, 꺾다, 그만두다. dost: 직설법, 현재. force: 힘, 폭력, 무력, 완력, 지배력, 효력, 압력, 경찰대, 강탈하다, 떠맡기다, 폭포. friend: 친구, 벗, 자기편, 근친, 동지, 지지자, 의 친구가 되다, 퀘이커,

프렌드파, 도와주는 사람, 동반자. hart: 고라니의 수컷, 수사슴. jealous: 불신앙을 용서치 않는, 샘내는, 질투많은, 경계심이 강한, 다른 신을 섬기는 것을 허락지 않는, 지키는데 급급한, 질투심 많은. malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의, 적극적인 악의. member: 일원, 신체의 일부, 수족, 구성원, 기관, 부분, 항, 회원, 사원, 단원, 한 사람.

overpast: 이미 지나간. redemption: 구원, 구출, 속죄, 되찾기, 죄인을 구죄함, 상각, 벌충, 되사기, 되받기, 상환, 대속하는 것. subtilty: 예민, 교활, 난해, 민감, 세밀한 구별, 정묘, 불가사의. waiting: 기다리는 시간, 기다리는, 기다림, 시중듦, 시중드는, 시중들기, 대기 시간. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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presence, and shall see the health of my countenance, my God, who also shall quicken our mortal bodies, by the Spirit that dwelleth in us, because He hath in mercy been borne over our inner darksome and floating deep: from Whom we have in this pilgrimage received an earnest, that we should now be light: whilst we are saved by hope, and are the children of light, and the children of the day, not the children of the night, nor of the darkness, which yet sometimes we were. Betwixt whom and us, in this uncertainty of human knowledge, Thou only dividest; Thou, who provest our hearts, and callest the light, day, and the darkness, night. For who discerneth us, but Thou? And what have we, that we have not received of Thee? out of the same lump vessels are made unto honour, whereof others also are made unto dishonour.% Or who, except Thou, our God, made for us that firmament of authority over us in Thy Divine Scripture? as it is said, For heaven shall be folded up like a scroll; and now is it stretched over us like a skin. For Thy Divine Scripture is of more eminent authority, since those mortals by whom Thou dispensest it unto us, underwent mortality. And Thou knowest, Lord, Thou knowest, how Thou with skins didst clothe men, when they by sin became mortal. Whence Thou hast like a skin stretched out the firmament of Thy book, that is, Thy harmonizing words, which by the ministry of mortal men Thou spreadest over us. For by their very death was that solid firmament of authority, in Thy discourses set forth by them, more eminently extended over all that be under it; which whilst they lived here, was not so eminently extended. Thou hadst not as yet spread abroad the heaven like a skin; Thou hadst not as yet enlarged in all directions the glory of their deaths. Let us look, O Lord, upon the heavens, the work of Thy fingers; clear from our eyes that cloud, which Thou hast spread under them. There is Thy testimony, which giveth wisdom unto the little ones: perfect, O my God, Thy praise out of the mouth of babes and sucklings. For we know no other books, which so destroy pride, which so destroy the enemy and the defender, who resisteth Thy reconciliation by defending his own sins. I know not, Lord, I know not any other such pure words, which so persuade me to confess, and make my neck

Korean darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린, 우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, 광명이 없는. defender: 방어자, 피고인, 옹호자, 선수권 보유자, 피고. destroy: 멸하다, 파괴하다, 폐하다, 죽이다, 망치다, 논파하다, 소실시키다. floating: 유동하는, 떠있는, 부동하는, 부동적인, 변동하는, 부동, 부유,

유리성의, 해상에 있는, 떠 있는. 스크롤, 표, 문장의 명을 써 넣은 ministry: 봉사, 직무, 성직, 복사들, 리본, 소용돌이 꼴의 장식, 각교, 성내각, 내각, 부, 목사들, 두루마리책, 말다, 두루말이, 목사의 직, 성. 두루마리. quicken: 살리다, 활기있게 하다, solid: 고체, 견실한, 입체의, 고체의, 생명을 주다, 서두르게 하다, 사이가 좋은, 멋진, 완전한, 순수한, 빨라지다, 활기띠다, 살다, 급해지다, 속이 비지 않은, 연속된, 하이픈없이 빠르게 하다, 한층 활발하게 하다. 된. reconciliation: 화해, 조정, 복종, 조화, stretched: 잡아당기는. 체념, 일치, 단념. scroll: 수결, 소용돌이 장식, 족자,

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pliant to Thy yoke, and invite me to serve Thee for nought. Let me understand them, good Father: grant this to me, who am placed under them: because for those placed under them, hast Thou established them.% Other waters there be above this firmament, I believe immortal, and separated from earthly corruption. Let them praise Thy Name, let them praise Thee, the supercelestial people, Thine angels, who have no need to gaze up at this firmament, or by reading to know of Thy Word. For they always behold Thy face, and there read without any syllables in time, what willeth Thy eternal will; they read, they choose, they love. They are ever reading; and that never passes away which they read; for by choosing, and by loving, they read the very unchangeableness of Thy counsel. Their book is never closed, nor their scroll folded up; seeing Thou Thyself art this to them, and art eternally; because Thou hast ordained them above this firmament, which Thou hast firmly settled over the infirmity of the lower people, where they might gaze up and learn Thy mercy, announcing in time Thee Who madest times. For Thy mercy, O Lord, is in the heavens, and Thy truth reacheth unto the clouds. The clouds pass away, but the heaven abideth. The preachers of Thy word pass out of this life into another; but Thy Scripture is spread abroad over the people, even unto the end of the world. Yet heaven and earth also shall pass away, but Thy words shall not pass away. Because the scroll shall be rolled together: and the grass over which it was spread, shall with the goodliness of it pass away; but Thy Word remaineth for ever, which now appeareth unto us under the dark image of the clouds, and through the glass of the heavens, not as it is: because we also, though the wellbeloved of Thy Son, yet it hath not yet appeared what we shall be. He looketh through the lattice of our flesh, and He spake us tenderly, and kindled us, and we ran after His odours. But when He shall appear, then shall we be like Him, for we shall see Him as He is. As He is, Lord, will our sight be. For altogether, as Thou art, Thou only knowest; Who art unchangeably, and knowest unchangeably, and willest unchangeably. And Thy Essence Knoweth, and Willeth unchangeably; and Thy Knowledge Is, and Willeth unchangeably; and Thy Will Is, and Knoweth unchangeably. Nor seemeth it right in Thine eyes,

Korean closed: 폐쇄한, 업무를 정지한, 폐쇄적인, 지붕이 있는, 자음으로 끝나는, 자급의, 닫은, 교통차단한, 비공개의, 배타적인, 금렵중인. firmly: 굳게, 견고하게, 단단하게, 확고하게, 단단히, 단호하게. gaze: 응시, 응시하다, 뚫어지게 바라보며 서 있다, 뚫어지게 보다. goodliness: 고급, 상당한 크기, 상질. grass: 풀, 잔디, 봄, 목초, 풀 위에 펴다, 풀 돋는 계절, 포아풀과의 풀,

목초지, 풀로 덫다, 때려 눕히다, 목초를 먹이다. invite: 초대장, 초대하다, 끌다, 가져오다, 초래하다, 간청하다, 자아내다, 부탁하다, 끌다 쏠리게하다, 야기시키다, 청하다. lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공. pliant: 휘기 쉬운. reading: 독서, 해석, 낭독, 독서하는,

판단, 선집, 학식, 의회의 독회, 읽는 법, 읽을거리, 읽기. serve: 섬기다, 봉사하다, 차려내다, 시중하다, 접대하다, 제공하다, 충분하다, 취급하다, 근무하다, 서브 방법, 채우다. spread: 펴다, 퍼지다, 유포, 퍼뜨리다, 미치다, 보급, 뻗다, 유포하다, 흩뿌리다, 펼치다, 큰 기사. tenderly: 상냥하게, 예민하게, 상하기 쉽게, 유약하게.

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that as the Unchangeable Light knoweth Itself, so should it be known by the thing enlightened, and changeable. Therefore is my soul like a land where no water is, because as it cannot of itself enlighten itself, so can it not of itself satisfy itself. For so is the fountain of life with Thee, like as in Thy light we shall see light.% Who gathered the embittered together into one society? For they have all one end, a temporal and earthly felicity, for attaining whereof they do all things, though they waver up and down with an innumerable variety of cares. Who, Lord, but Thou, saidst, Let the waters be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land appear, which thirsteth after Thee? For the sea also is Thine, and Thou hast made it, and Thy hands prepared the dry land. Nor is the bitterness of men’s wills, but the gathering together of the waters, called sea; for Thou restrainest the wicked desires of men’s souls, and settest them their bounds, how far they may be allowed to pass, that their waves may break one against another: and thus makest Thou it a sea, by the order of Thy dominion over all things. But the souls that thirst after Thee, and that appear before Thee (being by other bounds divided from the society of the sea), Thou waterest by a sweet spring, that the earth may bring forth her fruit, and Thou, Lord God, so commanding, our soul may bud forth works of mercy according to their kind, loving our neighbour in the relief of his bodily necessities, having seed in itself according to its likeness, when from feeling of our infirmity, we compassionate so as to relieve the needy; helping them, as we would be helped; if we were in like need; not only in things easy, as in herb yielding seed, but also in the protection of our assistance, with our best strength, like the tree yielding fruit: that is, well-doing in rescuing him that suffers wrong, from the hand of the powerful, and giving him the shelter of protection, by the mighty strength of just judgment. So, Lord, so, I beseech Thee, let there spring up, as Thou doest, as Thou givest cheerfulness and ability, let truth spring out of the earth, and righteousness look down from heaven, and let there be lights in the firmament. Let us break our bread to the hungry, and bring the houseless poor to our house. Let us clothe

Korean assistance: 원조, 참석자, 조력, 거듦. bud: 싹, 눈, 꽃봉오리, 싹트게하다, 발달하기 시작하다, 동료, 친해지다, 자라기 시작하다, 어린이, 아체, 아접하다. cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것. helping: 도움, 조력, 거들어줌, 조력 구원의, 한번담는 분량, 돕는 도움이 되는, 거들기. houseless: 집 없는, 집이 없는. hungry: 갈망하는, 배고픈, 공복의,

굶주린, 메마른, 몹시 원하는, 불모의, 모양의 것, 크리스마스 트리. 식욕을 일으키는. waver: 흔들리다, 비틀거리다, 망설임, shelter: 방공호, 보호하다, 피난하다, 반짝이다, 망설이다, 흔드는 사람, 보호물, 은신처, 차페물, 주거, 햇빛을 동요하다, 동요, 머뭇거림, 피하다, 비호하다, 비호, 대피호. 흔들거리기 시작하다, 펄럭이다. spring: 봄, 샘, 용수철을 달다, 튀다, yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운, 폭발시키다, 도약하다, 뛰다, 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한, 뛰어넘다, 반동, 원천, 청춘. 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를 받기 tree: 나무, 나무를 달다, 수목, 골을 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을 받기 끼다, 가꼐도, 계통수, 목제품, 궁지에 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는. 몰아 넣다, 나무 위로 쫓다, 수목

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the naked, and despise not those of our own flesh. Which fruits having sprung out of %the earth, see it is good: and let our temporary light break forth; and ourselves, from this lower fruitfulness of action, arriving at the delightfulness of contemplation, obtaining the Word of Life above, appear like lights in the world, cleaving to the firmament of Thy Scripture. For there Thou instructest us, to divide between the things intellectual, and things of sense, as betwixt the day and the night; or between souls, given either to things intellectual, or things of sense, so that now not Thou only in the secret of Thy judgment, as before the firmament was made, dividest between the light and the darkness, but Thy spiritual children also set and ranked in the same firmament (now that Thy grace is laid open throughout the world), may give light upon the earth, and divide betwixt the day and the night, and be for signs of times, that old things are passed away, and, behold, all things are become new; and that our salvation is nearer than when we believed: and that the night is far spent, and the day is at hand: and that Thou wilt crown Thy year with blessing, sending the labourers of Thy goodness into Thy harvest, in sowing whereof, others have laboured, sending also into another field, whose harvest shall be in the end. Thus grantest Thou the prayers of him that asketh, and blessest the years of the just; but Thou art the same, and in Thy years which fail not, Thou preparest a garner for our passing years. For Thou by an eternal counsel dost in their proper seasons bestow heavenly blessings upon the earth. For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom, as it were the lesser light: to another faith; to another the gift with the light of perspicuous truth, as it were for the rule of the day. To another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit, as it were the lesser light: to another faith; to another the gift of healing; to another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another divers kinds of tongues. And all these as it were stars. For all these worketh the one and self-same spirit, dividing to every man his own as He will; and causing stars to appear manifestly, to profit withal. But the word of knowledge, wherein are contained all Sacraments, which are varied in their seasons as it were the moon, and those other notices of gifts, which are reckoned up in order, as it were stars, inasmuch as they come short of that brightness of wisdom, which gladdens the

Korean appear: 나타나다, 같다, 공표하다, 보이다, 출두하다, 나오다, 분명하다, 인 듯하다. betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에. divide: 분배하다, 분리하다, 나누다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 대립시키다, 표결하다, 표결하다-분수계, 분수계, 분류하다, 분계. field: 경기장, 밭, 벌판, 분야, 싸움터, 산지, 바탕, 광장, 영상면, 내야, 표면. garner: 곡창, 축적, 저장소, 저장,

축적하다, 얻다, 모으다. 지배하다, 지배, 법칙, 괘선, 표준, harvest: 수확, 수확기, 수확하다, 추수, 억제하다, 자. 결과, 보수, 거두어 들임, 소득, temporary: 덧없는, 임시의, 잠시의, 수확물, 수확기의, 수확물의. 일시의, 당분간의, 일시적인, 임시 inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은. 변통한 것. perspicuous: 명백한, 알기 쉬운, throughout: 도처에, 동안, 통해서, 명쾌한, 이야기하는 문체 따위가 처음부터 끝까지, 의 구석구석까지. 명쾌한, 이야기하는 방법 따위가 withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에, 명쾌한. 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 prophecy: 예언, 예언 능력, 예언하다. 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 rule: 괘, 규칙, 규정하다, 통치하다, 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서.

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forementioned day, are only for the rule of the night. For they are necessary to such, as that Thy most prudent servant could not speak unto as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal; even he, who speaketh wisdom among those that are perfect. But the natural man, as it were a babe in Christ and fed on milk, until he be strengthened for solid meat and his eye be enabled to behold the Sun, let him not dwell in a night forsaken of all light, but be content with the light of the moon and the stars. So dost Thou speak to us, our All-wise God, in Thy Book, Thy firmament; that we may discern all things, in an admirable contemplation; though as yet in signs and in times, and in days, and in years.% But first, wash you, be clean; put away evil from your souls, and from before mine eyes, that the dry land may appear. Learn to do good, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow, that the earth may bring forth the green herb for meat, and the tree bearing fruit; and come, let us reason together, saith the Lord, that there may be lights in the firmament of the heaven, and they may shine upon the earth. That rich man asked of the good Master, what he should do to attain eternal life. Let the good Master tell him (whom he thought no more than man; but He is good because He is God), let Him tell him, if he would enter into life, he must keep the commandments: let him put away from him the bitterness of malice and wickedness; not kill, not commit adultery, not steal, not bear false witness; that the dry land may appear, and bring forth the honouring of father and mother, and the love of our neighbour. All these (saith he) have I kept. Whence then so many thorns, if the earth be fruitful? Go, root up the spreading thickets of covetousness; sell that thou hast, and be filled with fruit, by giving to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven; and follow the Lord if thou wilt be perfect, associated with them, among whom He speaketh wisdom, Who knoweth what to distribute to the day, and to the night, that thou also mayest know it, and for thee there may be lights in the firmament of heaven; which will not be, unless thy heart be there: nor will that either be, unless there thy treasure be; as thou hast heard of the good Master. But that barren earth was grieved; and the thorns choked the word.

Korean associated: 조합의, 연합한, 합동의, 연상의, 연합된. clean: 완전한, 청결한, 깨끗한, 청소하다, 결백한, 깨끗해지다, 흠없는, 순결한, 새로운, 아주, 순수한. distribute: 분배하다, 분류하다, 분포하다, 확충하다, 주연하다, 배급하다, 확충시키다, 살포하다, 주연시키다, 해판하다. dry: 마른, 마르다, 말리다, 건조한,

쌀쌀한, 바싹마른, 무미건조한, 주장하다, 변명으로 말하다, 변명으로 가무는, 냉담한, 널다, 적나라한. 말하다-변호하다, 변론하다, kill: 죽이다, 기세를 꺾다, 시내, 잡은 간청하다, 변명하다. 것, 수로, 살생, 보내다, 말라 root: 뿌리, 어근, 근원, 찾다, 주게하다, 말살하다, 살인하다, 말라 정착하다, 자손, 시조, 뿌리박다, 죽게하다. 근절하다, 초목, 뿌리의. milk: 젖, 우유, 유체, 젖 모양의 액체, wash: 도금하다, 씻다, 세광하다, 세제, 통신을 도청하다, 젖이 나다, 세탁, 습지, 화장수, 믿을 만하다, 그 전선에서 통신을 도청하다, 유제, 소리, 씻어 정하게 하다, 쓸어 넣다. 유액, 에서 젖을 짜다, 에서 착취하다. plead: 답변하다, 탄원하다, 변호하다,

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But you, chosen generation, you weak things of the world, who have forsaken all, that ye may follow the Lord; go after Him, and confound the mighty; go after Him, ye beautiful feet, and shine ye in the firmament, that the heavens may declare His glory, dividing between the light of the perfect, though not as the angels, and the darkness of the little ones, though not despised. Shine over the earth; and let the day, lightened by the sun, utter unto day, speech of wisdom; and night, shining with the moon, show unto night, the word of knowledge. The moon and stars shine for the night; yet doth not the night obscure them, seeing they give it light in its degree. For behold God saying, as it were, Let there be lights in the firmament of heaven; there came suddenly a sound from heaven, as it had been the rushing of a mighty wind, and there appeared cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. And there were made lights in the firmament of heaven, having the word of life. Run ye to and fro every where, ye holy fires, ye beauteous fires; for ye are the light of the world, nor are ye put under a bushel; He whom you cleave unto, is exalted, and hath exalted you. Run ye to and fro, and be known unto all nations.% Let the sea also conceive and bring forth your works; and let the waters bring forth the moving creature that hath life. For ye, separating the precious from the vile, are made the mouth of God, by whom He saith, Let the waters bring forth, not the living creature which the earth brings forth, but the moving creature having life, and the fowls that fly above the earth. For Thy Sacraments, O God, by the ministry of Thy holy ones, have moved amid the waves of temptations of the world, to hallow the Gentiles in Thy Name, in Thy Baptism. And amid these things, many great wonders were wrought, as it were great whales: and the voices of Thy messengers flying above the earth, in the open firmament of Thy Book; that being set over them, as their authority under which they were to fly, whithersoever they went. For there is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard: seeing their sound is gone through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world, because Thou, Lord, multipliedst them by blessing. Speak I untruly, or do I mingle and confound, and not distinguish between the lucid knowledge of these things in the firmament of heaven, and the material

Korean bushel: 부셸, 부쉘단위, 고쳐 짓다, 부셸수, 옷을 고쳐 짓다, 대량, 많은 양. chosen: 선발된, 좋아하는, 뽑힌, 선택한, 선택된, 신에게 선택된, 신에게 뽑힌. cloven: 갈라진, 째진. fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으로. generation: 세대, 자손, 산출, 발생, 동시대의 사람들, 생식, 시대, 일대,

출생, 일족, 젊은이들. hallow: 숭배하다, 하느님께 바치다, 신성하게하다, 어이, 성자의, 신성한 것으로서 숭배하다. mingle: 섞다, 섞이다, 사귀다, 어울리다, 뒤섞이다. moving: 움직이는, 동기가 되는, 원동력의, 감동시키는, 움직이게 하는, 움직임. obscure: 덮어 감추다, 불명료한, 어둡게 하다, 어두운, 세상에

알려지지 않은, 모호한, 눈에 띄지 않는, 거무칙칙한, 뚜렷하지 않은, 명성 따위의빛을 잃게 하다, 발음 따위를 불명료하게 하다. vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한. wind: 바람, 숨, 불다, 감다, 굽이, 소문, 휘감기다, 호흡, 한번 감기, 통풍하다, 숨을 돌리게 하다.

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works in the wavy sea, and under the firmament of heaven? For of those things whereof the knowledge is substantial and defined, without any increase by generation, as it were lights of wisdom and knowledge, yet even of them, the material operations are many and divers; and one thing growing out of another, they are multiplied by Thy blessing, O God, who hast refreshed the fastidiousness of mortal senses; that so one thing in the understanding of our mind, may, by the motions of the body, be many ways set out, and expressed. These Sacraments have the waters brought forth; but in Thy word. The necessities of the people estranged from the eternity of Thy truth, have brought them forth, but in Thy Gospel; because the waters themselves cast them forth, the diseased bitterness whereof was the cause, why they were sent forth in Thy Word.% Now are all things fair that Thou hast made; but behold, Thyself art unutterably fairer, that madest all; from whom had not Adam fallen, the brackishness of the sea had never flowed out of him, that is, the human race so profoundly curious, and tempestuously swelling, and restlessly tumbling up and down; and then had there been no need of Thy dispensers to work in many waters, after a corporeal and sensible manner, mysterious doings and sayings. For such those moving and flying creatures now seem to me to mean, whereby people being initiated and consecrated by corporeal Sacraments, should not further profit, unless their soul had a spiritual life, and unless after the word of admission, it looked forwards to perfection. And hereby, in Thy Word, not the deepness of the sea, but the earth separated from the bitterness of the waters, brings forth, not the moving creature that hath life, but the living soul. For now hath it no more need of baptism, as the heathen have, and as itself had, when it was covered with the waters; (for no other entrance is there into the kingdom of heaven, since Thou hast appointed that this should be the entrance:) nor does it seek after wonderfulness of miracles to work belief; for it is not such, that unless it sees signs and wonders, it will not believe, now that the faithful earth is separated from the waters that were bitter with infidelity; and tongues are for a sign, not to them that believe, but to them

Korean belief: 신앙, 믿음, 생각, 신념, 신용, 신뢰, 신조. deepness: 현묘, 깊이, 심오, 오묘, 모음, 깊음, 심도. diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린. entrance: 입학, 들어감, 입구, 입장, 등장, 입학금, 대문, 입장권, 넋을 잃게 하다. estranged: 소원해진, 사이가 틀어진. growing: 성장하는, 증대하는, 성장, 생성, 발육.

heathen: 이교도, 미개한, 이교의, 미개인, 불신자, 무종교자, 이교도의, 이단의, 이방인. infidelity: 신앙심이 없음, 불의, 배신, 배신행위, 부정, 불신, 간통, 무신앙, 불심, 크리스트교를 믿지 않음. mysterious: 불가사의한, 이상한, 신비한, 신비적인. profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게, 몹시. restlessly: 침착하지 못한, 불안한,

잠이 오지 않는. substantial: 중요한, 자산이 있는, 실질의, 견고한, 참다운, 다대한, 실재하는, 본질적인, 실질적인, 본질. tempestuously: 폭풍우같이, 사나운 비바람같이, 소란스럽게. tumbling: 텀블링. unutterably: 말도 안되게, 철저하게. wavy: 파도치는, 파장의, 파도 많은, 물결이 일고 있는, 굽이치는, 요동하는, 떨리는.

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that%believe not. Neither then does that earth which Thou hast founded upon the waters, need that flying kind, which at Thy word the waters brought forth. Send Thou Thy word into it by Thy messengers: for we speak of their working, yet it is Thou that workest in them that they may work out a living soul in it. The earth brings it forth, because the earth is the cause that they work this in the soul; as the sea was the cause that they wrought upon the moving creatures that have life, and the fowls that fly under the firmament of heaven, of whom the earth hath no need; although it feeds upon that fish which was taken out of the deep, upon that table which Thou hast prepared in the presence of them that believe. For therefore was He taken out of the deep, that He might feed the dry land; and the fowl, though bred in the sea, is yet multiplied upon the earth. For of the first preachings of the Evangelists, man’s infidelity was the cause; yet are the faithful also exhorted and blessed by them manifoldly, from day to day. But the living soul takes his beginning from the earth: for it profits only those already among the Faithful, to contain themselves from the love of this world, that so their soul may live unto Thee, which was dead while it lived in pleasures; in death-bringing pleasures, Lord, for Thou, Lord, art the life-giving delight of the pure heart. Now then let Thy ministers work upon the earth, -not as upon the waters of infidelity, by preaching and speaking by miracles, and Sacraments, and mystic words; wherein ignorance, the mother of admiration, might be intent upon them, out of a reverence towards those secret signs. For such is the entrance unto the Faith for the sons of Adam forgetful of Thee, while they hide themselves from Thy face, and become a darksome deep. But—let Thy ministers work now as on the dry land, separated from the whirlpools of the great deep: and let them be a pattern unto the Faithful, by living before them, and stirring them up to imitation. For thus do men hear, so as not to hear only, but to do also. Seek the Lord, and your soul shall live, that the earth may bring forth the living soul. Be not conformed to the world. Contain yourselves from it: the soul lives by avoiding what it dies by affecting. Contain yourselves from the ungoverned wildness of pride, the sluggish voluptuousness of luxury, and the false name of knowledge: that so the wild beasts may be tamed, the cattle broken to the yoke,

Korean affecting: 감동시키는, 감동적인, 애절한, 애처로운, 가련한. broken: 파산한, 길든, 부서진, 서투른, 울퉁불퉁한, 끊어진, 깨진, 단속적인, 낙담한, 지리멸렬의, 짓밟힌. cattle: 소, 가축, 해충, 말, 짐승 같은 놈들, 개새끼들, 축우. dies: 날, 일. fish: 물고기, 낚시질하다, 낚다, 생선, 찾다, 어육, 사람, 물고기를 잡다, 끄집어내다, 놈, 개펄속을 찾다.

founded: 기초가 ...한. fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다. life-giving: 생명을 주는, 생기를 주는. pattern: 모범, 무늬, 본보기, 만들다, 양식, 한 벌치의 옷감, 견본, 모조하다, 행동 따위의 유형, 유형을 이루다, 유형. prepared: 준비가 되어 있는, 조리된, 조제된, 각오가 되어 있는. reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님,

경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계. sluggish: 느린, 게으름 피우는, 불경기인, 활발치 못한, 게으른, 기능이 둔한, 부진한. wild: 난폭한, 황무지, 황폐한, 열광적인, 야생의, 야만의, 빗나간, 사람이 살지 않는, 난폭하게, 황야, 방탕한. wildness: 황야, 야생, 방탕, 황폐. yourselves: 당신 자신들.

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the serpents, harmless. For these be the motions of our mind under an allegory; that is to say, the haughtiness of pride, the delight of lust, and the poison of curiosity, are the motions of a dead soul; for the soul dies not so as to lose all motion; because it dies by forsaking the fountain of life, and so is taken up by this transitory world, and is conformed unto it.% But Thy word, O God, is the fountain of life eternal; and passeth not away: wherefore this departure of the soul is restrained by Thy word, when it is said unto us, Be not conformed unto this world; that so the earth may in the fountain of life bring forth a living soul; that is, a soul made continent in Thy Word, by Thy Evangelists, by following the followers of Thy Christ. For this is after his kind; because a man is wont to imitate his friend. Be ye (saith he) as I am, for I also am as you are. Thus in this living soul shall there be good beasts, in meekness of action (for Thou hast commanded, Go on with thy business in meekness, so shalt thou be beloved by all men); and good cattle, which neither if they eat, shall they over-abound, nor, if they eat not, have any lack; and good serpents, not dangerous, to do hurt, but wise to take heed; and only making so much search into this temporal nature, as may suffice that eternity be clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made. For these creatures are obedient unto reason, when being restrained from deadly prevailing upon us, they live, and are good. For behold, O Lord, our God, our Creator, when our affections have been restrained from the love of the world, by which we died through evil-living; and begun to be a living soul, through good living; and Thy word which Thou spokest by Thy apostle, is made good in us, Be not conformed to this world: there follows that also, which Thou presently subjoinedst, saying, But be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind; not now after your kind, as though following your neighbour who went before you, nor as living after the example of some better man (for Thou saidst not, “Let man be made after his kind,” but, Let us make man after our own image and similitude), that we might prove what Thy will is. For to this purpose said that dispenser of Thine (who begat children by the Gospel), that he might not for ever have them babes, whom he must be

Korean allegory: 우화, 비유, 비유담, 풍유. apostle: 사도, 최초의전도자, 주창자, 최초의 기독교 전도자, 총무 위원. behold: 보다. dangerous: 위험한, 위독한, 무시무시한, 위험하게. dispenser: 약제사, 분배자, 조제사, 시여하는 사람, 시여자, 자동 판매기. harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 없는. hast: 단수.

haughtiness: 오만. imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다, 모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다, 모사하다, 위조하다. lack: 결핍, 모자라다, 결핍되다, 부족, 이 결핍되다, 부족하다, 없다, 필요한 또는 바람직한 것의 결핍. meekness: 온순, 유화, 얌전함. obedient: 순종하는, 유순한, 고분고분한. presently: 현재, 이내, 목하, 곧,

이윽고, 얼마 안되어, 곧바로. shalt: 직설법 현재. transitory: 일시적인, 오래가지 않는, 덧없는, 무상한, 일시의. wherefore: 이유, 어째서, 그러므로, 왜, 무슨 이유로, 까닭, 그런 이유로. wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한.

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fain to feed with milk, and cherish as a nurse; be ye transformed (saith he) by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God. Wherefore Thou sayest not, “Let man be made,” but Let us make man. Nor saidst Thou, “according to his kind”; but, after our image and likeness. For man being renewed in his mind, and beholding and understanding Thy truth, needs not man as his director, so as to follow after his kind; but by Thy direction proveth what is that good, that acceptable, and perfect will of Thine: yea, Thou teachest him, now made capable, to discern the Trinity of the Unity, and the Unity of the Trinity. Wherefore to that said in the plural. Let us make man, is yet subjoined in the singular, And God made man: and to that said in the plural. After our likeness, is subjoined in the singular, After the image of God. Thus is man renewed in the knowledge of God, after the image of Him that created him: and being made spiritual, he judgeth all things (all things which are to be judged), yet himself is judged of no man.% But that he judgeth all things, this answers to his having dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowls of the air, and over all cattle and wild beasts, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. For this he doth by the understanding of his mind, whereby he perceiveth the things of the Spirit of God; whereas otherwise, man being placed in honour, had no understanding, and is compared unto the brute beasts, and is become like unto them. In Thy Church therefore, O our God, according to Thy grace which Thou hast bestowed upon it (for we are Thy workmanship created unto good works), not those only who are spiritually set over, but they also who spiritually are subject to those that are set over them, -for in this way didst Thou make man male and female, in Thy grace spiritual, where, according to the sex of body, there is neither male nor female, because neither Jew nor Grecian, neither bond nor free. -Spiritual persons (whether such as are set over, or such as obey); do judge spiritually; not of that spiritual knowledge which shines in the firmament (for they ought not to judge as to so supreme authority), nor may they judge of Thy Book itself, even though something there shineth not clearly; for we submit our understanding unto it, and hold for certain, that even what is closed to our sight, is yet rightly and truly spoken. For so man, though now spiritual and

Korean bond: 증서, 사로잡힌, 끈, 결합하다, 기반, 노예의, 묶는것, 새끼, 사로 잡히다, 보세 창고에 넣다, 보증인채권으로 대체하다. brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인, 감각이 없는, 잔인한. cherish: 품다, 귀여워하다, 소중히 하다, 소중히 키우다, 소중히 기르다, 고이 간직하다. direction: 방향, 경향, 명령, 지도, 방위, 지휘, 이사, 지도자의 직, 방면,

악보상의 기호, 수취인 주소 성명. female: 여성, 암, 암의, 여성의, 여자로 이루어진, 계집, 암컷, 암컷의, 여자. male: 수컷의, 남성의, 나쁜의 뜻, 말레, 남성적인, 남성, 사내의, 수술만 있는. needs: 꼭, 어떻게든지. nurse: 간호하다, 유모, 젖을 먹이다, 젖을 먹다, 보모, 공을 모아놓기, 간호사로 일하다, 간호사로서

근무하다, 간호인, 보호목, 보호하다. plural: 복수, 복수형, 복수의. sex: 성, 성욕, 성교, 성기, 성별, 성의, 여성, 암수의, 섹스, 성적인, 성적매력을 돋우다. singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 단수형. workmanship: 솜씨, 완성된 품, 세공, 기량, 세공품.

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renewed in the knowledge of God after His image that created him, ought to be a doer of the law, not a judge. Neither doth he judge of that distinction of spiritual and %carnal men, who are known unto Thine eyes, O our God, and have not as yet discovered themselves unto us by works, that by their fruits we might know them: but Thou, Lord, dost even now know them, and hast divided and called them in secret, or ever the firmament was made. Nor doth he, though spiritual, judge the unquiet people of this world; for what hath he to do, to judge them that are without, knowing not which of them shall hereafter come into the sweetness of Thy grace; and which continue in the perpetual bitterness of ungodliness? Man therefore, whom Thou hast made after Thine own image, received not dominion over the lights of heaven, nor over that hidden heaven itself, nor over the day and the night, which Thou calledst before the foundation of the heaven, nor over the gathering together of the waters, which is the sea; but He received dominion over the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the air, and over all cattle, and over all the earth, and over all creeping things which creep upon the earth. For He judgeth and approveth what He findeth right, and He disalloweth what He findeth amiss, whether in the celebration of those Sacraments by which such are initiated, as Thy mercy searches out in many waters: or in that, in which that Fish is set forth, which, taken out of the deep, the devout earth feedeth upon: or in the expressions and signs of words, subject to the authority of Thy Book, -such signs, as proceed out of the mouth, and sound forth, flying as it were under the firmament, by interpreting, expounding, discoursing disputing, consecrating, or praying unto Thee, so that the people may answer, Amen. The vocal pronouncing of all which words, is occasioned by the deep of this world, and the blindness of the flesh, which cannot see thoughts; So that there is need to speak aloud into the ears; so that, although flying fowls be multiplied upon the earth, yet they derive their beginning from the waters. The spiritual man judgeth also by allowing of what is right, and disallowing what he finds amiss, in the works and lives of the faithful; their alms, as it were the earth bringing forth fruit, and of the living soul, living by the taming of the affections, in chastity, in fasting, in holy meditations; and of those things, which are perceived by the senses of the

Korean alms: 베풀어주는 사람, 보시, 의연금. 계속시키다, 이연하다, 이월하다, amiss: 어긋나서, 잘못한, 형편이 나쁜, 게속하고 있다, 페이지로 계속, 고장난, 빗나가서, 수사납게, 이 머무르다. 적절하지 않은, 잘못되어, 탈이 나서, creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 이 적질하지 않은. 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 authority: 권위, 당국, 권위자, 권한, 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 대가, 권력, 권능, 관례, 판결례, 교권. 어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, celebration: 축하, 축전, 찬양, 의식, 살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다. 식, 성찬식, 칭찬. derive: 기원을 더듬다, 기원을 발하다, continue: 계속하다, 연장하다, 에 유래하다, 을 끌어내다, 파생하다, 존속하다, 연기하다, 계속되다, 유래를 더듬다, 유래하다.

doer: 행위자, 실행가, 발육하는 동물, 발육하는 식물. fasting: 단식의, 금식의, 단식, 절식, 금식, 단식으로. foundation: 기초, 창설, 근거, 토대, 설립, 보강 재료, 뜨개바탕, 기본금, 파운데이션. ungodliness: 사악, 지독, 격렬. unquiet: 침착하지 못한, 들뜬, 불안한, 볼온한.

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body. % Upon all these is he now said to judge, wherein he hath also power of correction. But what is this, and what kind of mystery? Behold, Thou blessest mankind, O Lord, that they may increase and multiply, and replenish the earth; dost Thou not thereby give us a hint to understand something? why didst Thou not as well bless the light, which Thou calledst day; nor the firmament of heaven, nor the lights, nor the stars, nor the earth, nor the sea? I might say that Thou, O God, who created created us after Thine Image, I might say, that it had been Thy good pleasure to bestow this blessing peculiarly upon man; hadst Thou not in like manner blessed the fishes and the whales, that they should increase and multiply, and replenish the waters of the sea, and that the fowls should be multiplied upon the earth. I might say likewise, that this blessing pertained properly unto such creatures, as are bred of their own kind, had I found it given to the fruit-trees, and plants, and beasts of the earth. But now neither unto the herbs, nor the trees, nor the beasts, nor serpents is it said, Increase and multiply; notwithstanding all these as well as the fishes, fowls, or men, do by generation increase and continue their kind. What then shall I say, O Truth my Light? “that it was idly said, and without meaning?” Not so, O Father of piety, far he it from a minister of Thy word to say so. And if I understand not what Thou meanest by that phrase, let my betters, that is, those of more understanding than myself, make better use of it, according as Thou, my God, hast given to each man to understand. But let my confession also be pleasing in Thine eyes, wherein I confess unto Thee, that I believe, O Lord, that Thou spokest not so in vain; nor will I suppress, what this lesson suggests to me. For it is true, nor do I see what should hinder me from thus understanding the figurative sayings of Thy Bible. For I know a thing to be manifoldly signified by corporeal expressions, which is understood one way by the mind; and that understood many ways in the mind, which is signified one way by corporeal expression. Behold, the single love of God and our neighbour, by what manifold sacraments, and innumerable languages, and in each several language, in how innumerable modes of speaking, it is corporeally expressed.

Korean corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의. corporeally: 물질적으로. dost: 직설법, 현재. figurative: 상징적인, 비유적인, 조형의, 수식적인, 비유가 많은, 조소적 표현의, 표상적인, 회화적 표현의. hint: 암시, 변죽울리기, 넌지시 비추다, 암시하다, 힌트, 지시, 년지시

비치다, 넌지시알리다, 귀뜸, 요령, 희미한 징조. increase: 증가, 늘리다, 이익, 늘다, 이자, 확대하다, 증진, 번식하다, 커지다, 산물, 불리다. multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다, 번식시키다, 증가시키다. peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히, 괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로. phrase: 구, 성구, 관용구, 금언, 말, 악구로 표현하다, 악구 문구, 성구-

말씨로 표현하다, 표현법, 명언, 말씨로 표현하다. replenish: 다시 채우다, 보충하다, 연료를 공급하다, 채우다, 추가하다, 보급하다. suppress: 진압하다, 막다, 억누르다, 참다, 삭제하다, 발표하지 않다, 억제하다, 억압하다, 진정하다.

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Thus do the offspring of the waters increase and multiply. Observe again, whosoever readest this; behold, what Scripture delivers, and the voice pronounces one only way, In the Beginning God created heaven and earth; is it not understood manifoldly, not through any deceit of error, but by various kinds of true senses? Thus do man’s offspring increase and multiply.% If therefore we conceive of the natures of the things themselves, not allegorically, but properly, then does the phrase increase and multiply, agree unto all things, that come of seed. But if we treat of the words as figuratively spoken (which I rather suppose to be the purpose of the Scripture, which doth not, surely, superfluously ascribe this benediction to the offspring of aquatic animals and man only); then do we find “multitude” to belong to creatures spiritual as well as corporeal, as in heaven and earth, and to righteous and unrighteous, as in light and darkness; and to holy authors who have been the ministers of the Law unto us, as in the firmament which is settled betwixt the waters and the waters; and to the society of people yet in the bitterness of infidelity, as in the sea; and to the zeal of holy souls, as in the dry land; and to works of mercy belonging to this present life, as in the herbs bearing seed, and in trees bearing fruit; and to spiritual gifts set forth for edification, as in the lights of heaven; and to affections formed unto temperance, as in the living soul. In all these instances we meet with multitudes, abundance, and increase; but what shall in such wise increase and multiply that one thing may be expressed many ways, and one expression understood many ways; we find not, except in signs corporeally expressed, and in things mentally conceived. By signs corporeally pronounced we understand the generations of the waters, necessarily occasioned by the depth of the flesh; by things mentally conceived, human generations, on account of the fruitfulness of reason. And for this end do we believe Thee, Lord, to have said to these kinds, Increase and multiply. For in this blessing, I conceive Thee to have granted us a power and a faculty, both to express several ways what we understand but one; and to understand several ways, what we read to be obscurely delivered but in one. Thus are the waters of the sea replenished, which are not moved but by several significations: thus with

Korean allegorically: 풍유적으로, 우화적으로, 풍유적임, 우의적임. aquatic: 물의, 수상의, 물속에사는 수생 동물, 물속에사는-수생 동물. benediction: 축복, 성체 강복식, 감사의 기도, 축도, 강복식, 천복. deceit: 사기, 거짓, 허위, 거짓의, 책략, 부실. edification: 교화, 등의함양. figuratively: 비유적으로, 전의적으로, 상징적으로.

human: 사람의, 인간에게 있기 쉬운, 인간적인, 인간다운, 인류, 인간, 사람. mentally: 정신적으로, 마음으로, 지력상으로. necessarily: 필연적으로, 부득이, 반드시. replenished: 가득해진. suppose: 생각하다, 상상하다, 믿다, 가정하다, 을 필요 조건으로 하다, 상정하다, 만약...이라면, 만약,

이라면, 의 가정을 필요로 하다. surely: 확실히, 꼭, 설마, 안전하게, 틀림없이, 기필코, 결코, 반드시, 정말로, 좋고말고. temperance: 절주, 절제, 금주, 삼감. treat: 대접하다, 논하다, 대우하다, 간주하다, 취급하다, 한턱, 향응하다, 향음, 한턱내다, 즐거운 일, 처리하다. various: 다방면의, 가지각색의, 다른, 다수의, 변화 많은, 틀리는, 가지 각색의, 몇 사람, 여러.

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human%increase is the earth also replenished, whose dryness appeareth in its longing, and reason ruleth over it. I would also say, O Lord my God, what the following Scripture minds me of; yea, I will say, and not fear. For I will say the truth, Thyself inspiring me with what Thou willedst me to deliver out of those words. But by no other inspiration than Thine, do I believe myself to speak truth, seeing Thou art the Truth, and every man a liar. He therefore that speaketh a lie, speaketh of his own; that therefore I may speak truth, I will speak of Thine. Behold, Thou hast given unto us for food every herb bearing seed which is upon all the earth; and every tree, in which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed. And not to us alone, but also to all the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the earth, and to all creeping things; but unto the fishes and to the great whales, hast Thou not given them. Now we said that by these fruits of the earth were signified, and figured in an allegory, the works of mercy which are provided for the necessities of this life out of the fruitful earth. Such an earth was the devout Onesiphorus, unto whose house Thou gavest mercy, because he often refreshed Thy Paul, and was not ashamed of his chain. Thus did also the brethren, and such fruit did they bear, who out of Macedonia supplied what was lacking to him. But how grieved he for some trees, which did not afford him the fruit due unto him, where he saith, At my first answer no man stood by me, but all men forsook me. I pray God that it may not be laid to their charge. For these fruits are due to such as minister the spiritual doctrine unto us out of their understanding of the divine mysteries; and they are due to them, as men; yea and due to them also, as the living soul, which giveth itself as an example, in all continency; and due unto them also, as flying creatures, for their blessings which are multiplied upon the earth, because their sound went out into all lands. But they are fed by these fruits, that are delighted with them; nor are they delighted with them, whose God is their belly. For neither in them that yield them, are the things yielded the fruit, but with what mind they yield them. He therefore that served God, and not his own belly, I plainly see why he rejoiced; I see it, and I rejoice with him. For he had received from the Philippians, what

Korean afford: 산출하다, 여유가 있다, 할 수 있다, 할 힘이 있다, 할 여유가 있다, 의 돈이 있다, 할 여가가 있다, 할 돈이 있다, 제공하다, 의 힘이 있다, 의 여가가 있다. air: 공기, 대기, 산들바람, 선율, 모양, 노래, 공중, 하늘, 태도, 가락, 외양. chain: 쇠사슬, 연쇄, 굴레, 측쇄, 속박, 체인, 목걸이, 차꼬, 일련, 회로, 사슬로 연결하다. charge: 책임, 지우다, 청구하다, 짐,

충전, 비난하다, 명령, 부담시키다, 청구 금액, 명령하다, 맡은 것. dryness: 건조, 냉담, 정열이 없음, 인정미 없음, 무미건조, 금주. due: 할 예정인, 응당치러야할, 세금, 정식으로, 응당, 에 돌여야할, 마땅히, 때가 오면, 당연할, 당연할-마땅히, 지불 기일이 된. food: 양식, 식량, 식품, 자양분, 먹을 것, 양분, 음식. grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈.

hast: 단수. inspiring: 고무하는, 영감을 주는, 용기를 주는, 한 감정을 불어넣는. provided: 을 조건으로 하여, 만일 …이라면, 만일 ...이라면, 이라는 조건으로 하여. replenished: 가득해진. yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇게 높은, 네.

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they had sent by Epaphroditus unto him: and yet I perceive why he rejoiced. For whereat he rejoiced upon that he fed; for, speaking in truth, I rejoiced (saith he) greatly in the Lord, that now at the last your care of me hath flourished again, wherein ye were also careful, but it had become wearisome unto you. These Philippians then had now dried up, with a long weariness, and withered as it were as to bearing this fruit of a good work; and he rejoiceth for them, that they flourished again, not for himself, that they supplied his wants. Therefore subjoins he, not that I speak in respect of want, for I have learned in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content. I know both how to be abased, and I know how to abound; every where and in all things I am instructed both to be full, and to be hungry; both to abound, and to suffer need. I can do all things through Him which strengtheneth me.% Whereat then rejoicest thou, O great Paul? whereat rejoicest thou? whereon feedest thou, O man, renewed in the knowledge of God, after the image of Him that created thee, thou living soul, of so much continency, thou tongue like flying fowls, speaking mysteries? (for to such creatures, is this food due;) what is it that feeds thee? joy. Hear we what follows: notwithstanding, ye have well done, that ye did communicate with my affliction. Hereat he rejoiceth, hereon feedeth; because they had well done, not because his strait was eased, who saith unto Thee, Thou hast enlarged me when I was in distress; for that he knew to abound, and to suffer want, in Thee Who strengthenest him. For ye Philippians also know (saith he), that in the beginning of the Gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no Church communicated with me as concerning giving and receiving, but ye only. For even in Thessalonica ye sent once and again unto my necessity. Unto these good works, he now rejoiceth that they are returned; and is gladdened that they flourished again, as when a fruitful field resumes its green. Was it for his own necessities, because he said, Ye sent unto my necessity? Rejoiceth he for that? Verily not for that. But how know we this? Because himself says immediately, not because I desire a gift, but I desire fruit. I have learned of Thee, my God, to distinguish betwixt a gift, and fruit. A gift, is the thing itself which he gives, that imparts these necessaries unto us; as money,

Korean abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른다, 그득하다. affliction: 고통, 고민거리, 괴로움, 병, 불행의 원인, 고뇌. betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에. careful: 주의깊은, 꼼꼼한, 소중히 하는, 인색한, 조심성 있는, 철저한, 조심스러운, 조소심스런, 정성들인, 신중한, 소중히하는. dried: 건조한. green: 청춘, 녹색, 속기 쉬운, 숫된,

초원, 초록색의, 풋내기의, 푸른 풀로 덮인, 골프장, 공유의 풀밭, 녹색 안료. hast: 단수. immediately: 곧, 즉시로, 직접, 즉시, 바로 가까이에, 인접하여, 곧장, 즉각, 하자마자, 바로. returned: 송환된, 돌려보내진, 돌아 온, 돌아온. therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여,

그래서. wearisome: 지치게 하는, 피곤하게 하는, 따분하게 하는, 지루한. whereat: 그래서, 왜, 무엇때문에, 그러자, 무엇에 대하여, 한 바의, 하는 바의. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로. whereon: 그 위에, 무엇 위에. withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운.

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meat, drink, clothing, shelter, help: but the fruit, is the good and right will of the giver. For the Good Master said not only, He that receiveth a prophet, but added, in the name of a prophet: nor did He only say, He that receiveth a righteous man, but added, in the name of a righteous man. So verily shall the one receive the reward of a prophet, the other, the reward of a righteous man: nor saith He only, He that shall give to drink a cup of cold water to one of my little ones; but added, in the name of a disciple: and so concludeth, Verily I say unto you, he shall not lose his reward. The gift is, to receive a prophet, to receive a righteous man, to give a cup of cold water to a disciple: but the fruit, to do this in the name of a prophet, in the name of a righteous man, in the name of a disciple. With fruit was Elijah fed by the widow that knew she fed a man of God, and therefore fed him: but by the raven was he fed with a gift. Nor was the inner man of Elijah so fed, but the outer only; which might also for want of that food have perished.% I will then speak what is true in Thy sight, O Lord, that when carnal men and infidels (for the gaining and initiating whom, the initiatory Sacraments and the mighty workings of miracles are necessary, which we suppose to be signified by the name of fishes and whales) undertake the bodily refreshment, or otherwise succour Thy servant with something useful for this present life; whereas they be ignorant, why this is to be done, and to what end; neither do they feed these, nor are these fed by them; because neither do the one do it out of an holy and right intent; nor do the other rejoice at their gifts, whose fruit they as yet behold not. For upon that is the mind fed, of which it is glad. And therefore do not the fishes and whales feed upon such meats, as the earth brings not forth until after it was separated and divided from the bitterness of the waves of the sea. And Thou, O God, sawest every thing that Thou hadst made, and, behold, it was very good. Yea we also see the same, and behold, all things are very good. Of the several kinds of Thy works, when Thou hadst said “let them be,” and they were, Thou sawest each that it was good. Seven times have I counted it to be written, that Thou sawest that that which Thou madest was good: and this is the eighth, that Thou sawest every thing that Thou hadst made, and, behold, it was

Korean carnal: 육체의, 현세적인, 육욕적인, 육감적인, 속세의, 물질적인. cold: 냉정한, 희미한, 추운, 차가운, 흥을 깨는, 감기, 냉담한, 불감증의, 약한, 한색의, 열을 흡수하기 어려운. cup: 찻종, 컵에 넣다, 술, 운명의 잔, 잔, 잔 모양으로 만들다, 찻종 한 잔, 컵, 땅바닥을 훑다, 흡각으로 피를 빨아내다, 꽃받침. disciple: 사도, 제자, 그리스도의 열두사도의 한 사람, 문하생.

giver: 주는 사람. initiatory: 입회의, 처음의, 초보의, 초보지도의, 최초의. necessary: 필요한, 변소, 필수품, 필연적인, 피할수 없는, 생활 필수품, 필요물, 필요한물건, 필연의, 필요한 물건, 필요한 행동. raven: 새까만, 갈가마귀, 약탈하다, 큰까마귀, 약탈, 칠흑 같은, 찾아 다니다, 노략질하다, 게걸스럽게 먹다, 갈가마귀 새까만, 마구

먹어대다. succour: 돕다, 구원, 구원하다, 구조 구조하다, 구조, 원조자, 원조하다, 구조자. undertake: 약속하다, 떠맡다, 보증하다, 인수인, 인수하다, 기도하다, 청부인, 장의사, 맡다, 싸우다, 장례식을 떠맡다. useful: 도움이 되는, 유용한, 편리한, 막일꾼, 쓸모있는, 유능한. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로.

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not only good, but also very good, as being now altogether. For severally, they were only good; but altogether, both good, and very good. All beautiful bodies express the same; by reason that a body consisting of members all beautiful, is far more beautiful than the same members by themselves are, by whose wellordered blending the whole is perfected; notwithstanding that the members severally be also beautiful.% And I looked narrowly to find, whether seven, or eight times Thou sawest that Thy works were good, when they pleased Thee; but in Thy seeing I found no times, whereby I might understand that Thou sawest so often, what Thou madest. And I said, “Lord, is not this Thy Scripture true, since Thou art true, and being Truth, hast set it forth? why then dost Thou say unto me, ‘that in Thy seeing there be no times’; whereas this Thy Scripture tells me, that what Thou madest each day, Thou sawest that it was good: and when I counted them, I found how often.” Unto this Thou answerest me, for Thou art my God, and with a strong voice tellest Thy servant in his inner ear, breaking through my deafness and crying, “O man, that which My Scripture saith, I say: and yet doth that speak in time; but time has no relation to My Word; because My Word exists in equal eternity with Myself. So the things which ye see through My Spirit, I see; like as what ye speak by My Spirit, I speak. And so when ye see those things in time, I see them not in time; as when ye speak in time, I speak them not in time.” And I heard, O Lord my God, and drank up a drop of sweetness out of Thy truth, and understood, that certain men there be who mislike Thy works; and say, that many of them Thou madest, compelled by necessity; such as the fabric of the heavens, and harmony of the stars; and that Thou madest them not of what was Thine, but that they were otherwhere and from other sources created, for Thee to bring together and compact and combine, when out of Thy conquered enemies Thou raisedst up the walls of the universe; that they, bound down by the structure, might not again be able to rebel against Thee. For other things, they say Thou neither madest them, nor even compactedst them, such as all flesh and all very minute creatures, and whatsoever hath its root in the earth; but that a mind at enmity with Thee, and another nature not created by Thee,

Korean blending: 혼합, 혼성어. breaking: 단선, 파괴, 길들이기, 음의 분열, 조교. compact: 계약, 아담한, 간결한, 굳히다, 소형 자동차, 치밀한, 으로 된, 계약을 맺다, 콤팩트, 꽉 들어찬, 구성하다. dost: 직설법, 현재. drop: 낙하, 듣게하다, 소량, 드롭스, 물방울, 한방울, 낮아지다, 눈깔사탕, 그치다, 그만두다, 죽이다.

eight: 에이트, 여덟 개의, 여덟 개 한 조, 여덟 점 짜리 패, 여덟 기통 자동차, 여덟 사람의, 여덟 절판, 여덟 절판의, 여덟의, 팔세의, 팔시. hast: 단수. minute: 분, 순간, 상세한, 각서, 미소한, 의사록, 정밀한, 잠시, 자디잔, 회의 의사록 자디잔, 세밀하다. mislike: 싫어하다, 반감, 의 비위를 거스르다.

narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로, 편협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이 좁게. otherwhere: 어딘가 딴 곳에, 다른 곳에. seven: 일곱, 칠, 일곱 번째, 일곱 명, 일곱 번째의 사람, 일곱 시, 일곱개 한 조의 것, 일곱명 한 조의 것, 칠의, 칠의 기호, 일곱 번째의 물건. structure: 구조, 조립, 조직, 건물, 구조 물, 조립하다.

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and contrary unto Thee, did, in these lower stages of the world, beget and frame these things. Frenzied are they who say thus, because they see not Thy works by Thy Spirit, nor recognise Thee in them. But %they who by Thy Spirit see these things, Thou seest in them. Therefore when they see that these things are good, Thou seest that they are good; and whatsoever things for Thy sake please, Thou pleasest in them, and what through Thy Spirit please us, they please Thee in us. For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of a man, which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no one, but the Spirit of God. Now we (saith he) have received, not the spirit of this world, but the Spirit which is of God, that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God. And I am admonished, “Truly the things of God knoweth no one, but the Spirit of God: how then do we also know, what things are given us of God?” Answer is made me; “because the things which we know by His Spirit, even these no one knoweth, but the Spirit of God. For as it is rightly said unto those that were to speak by the Spirit of God, it is not ye that speak: so is it rightly said to them that know through the Spirit of God, ‘It is not ye that know.’ And no less then is it rightly said to those that see through the Spirit of God, ‘It is not ye that see’; so whatsoever through the Spirit of God they see to be good, it is not they, but God that sees that it is good.” It is one thing then for a man to think that to be ill which is good, as the forenamed do; another, that that which is good, a man should see that it is good (as Thy creatures be pleasing unto many, because they be good, whom yet Thou pleasest not in them, when they prefer to enjoy them, to Thee); and another, that when a man sees a thing that it is good, God should in him see that it is good, so, namely, that He should be loved in that which He made, Who cannot be loved, but by the Holy Ghost which He hath given. Because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost, Which is given unto us: by Whom we see that whatsoever in any degree is, is good. For from Him it is, who Himself Is not in degree, but what He Is, Is. Thanks to Thee, O Lord. We behold the heaven and earth, whether the corporeal part, superior and inferior, or the spiritual and corporeal creature; and

Korean beget: 낳다, 돌보다, 생기다, 자식을 보다, 생기게 하다. behold: 보다. contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의. corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의. creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예,

소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당하는 자, 여자, 부하. forenamed: 앞에 말한. freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심 후하게, 자유로이, 자유롭게, 허물없이. hath: 직설법, 현재. inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은. pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성

있는. rightly: 바르게, 정확히, 정당하게, 틀림없이, 정당히, 마땅히, 당연히, 정말로, 적당히. unto: 까지, 에, 에게로. whatsoever: 일은 무엇이든지, 도대체 무엇이, 것은 무엇이든지. ye: 너희들, 호칭으로 사용, 이인칭 대명사의 복수형, 명령문에서 사용, 이인칭 대명사.

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in%the adorning of these parts, whereof the universal pile of the world, or rather the universal creation, doth consist, we see light made, and divided from the darkness. We see the firmament of heaven, whether that primary body of the world, between the spiritual upper waters and the inferior corporeal waters, or (since this also is called heaven) this space of air through which wander the fowls of heaven, betwixt those waters which are in vapours borne above them, and in clear nights distill down in dew; and those heavier waters which flow along the earth. We behold a face of waters gathered together in the fields of the sea; and the dry land both void, and formed so as to be visible and harmonized, yea and the matter of herbs and trees. We behold the lights shining from above, the sun to suffice for the day, the moon and the stars to cheer the night; and that by all these, times should be marked and signified. We behold on all sides a moist element, replenished with fishes, beasts, and birds; because the grossness of the air, which bears up the flights of birds, thickeneth itself by the exhalation of the waters. We behold the face of the earth decked out with earthly creatures, and man, created after Thy image and likeness, even through that Thy very image and likeness (that is the power of reason and understanding), set over all irrational creatures. And as in his soul there is one power which has dominion by directing, another made subject, that it might obey; so was there for the man, corporeally also, made a woman, who in the mind of her reasonable understanding should have a parity of nature, but in the sex of her body, should be in like manner subject to the sex of her husband, as the appetite of doing is fain to conceive the skill of right-doing from the reason of the mind. These things we behold, and they are severally good, and altogether very good. Let Thy works praise Thee, that we may love Thee; and let us love Thee, that Thy works may praise Thee, which from time have beginning and ending, rising and setting, growth and decay, form and privation. They have then their succession of morning and evening, part secretly, part apparently; for they were made of nothing, by Thee, not of Thee; not of any matter not Thine, or that was before, but of matter concreated (that is, at the same time created by Thee), because to its state without form, Thou without any interval of time didst give form. For seeing the matter of heaven and earth is one thing, and the form

Korean cheer: 환호, 기분, 갈채, 갈채하다, 격려, 격려하다, 기운이 나다, 음식물, 기운을 북돋우다, 환성을 지르다, 음식. consist: 양립하다, 에 있다, 일치하다, 에 존재하다, 되어있다, 로되다, 일관성, 이루어져 있다, 농도, 되어 있다, 견실성. distill: 증류하다, 뚝뚝 듣다, 듣게 하다-뚝뚝 듣다, 듣게 하다. element: 요소, 성분, 소부대, 원소,

빵과 포도주, 고유의 환경, 기본, 분자, 풍우, 초보, 자연력. exhalation: 증기, 발산물, 호기, 날숨, 발산, 증발기, 폭발. grossness: 우둔, 농후, 엄청남, 비대, 과대, 조잡. marked: 현저한, 기호가 붙은, 눈에 띄는, 저명한, 두드러진, 기호가 있는, 주의를 끄는, 표가 있는. moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 습기찬.

parity: 동격, 유사, 동등, 등가, 패리티 기우, 평가, 우기성, 둥가, 소립자 따위의 우기성. pile: 전퇴, 솜털, 양털, 말뚝 박기, 큰 말뚝, 대건축물, 보풀, 재산, 축적하다, 전지, 원자로-쌓아 올리다. setting: 짐, 식자, 작곡, 둠, 박아 넣기, 날세움, 악보, 한 배의 알, 환경, 놓음, 마무리칠. skill: 솜씨, 술련, 교묘, 문제가 되다, 숙련, 이해하다, 기능.

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another, Thou madest the matter of merely nothing, but the form of the world out of the matter without form: yet both together, so that the form should follow the matter, without any interval of delay. We %have also examined what Thou willedst to be shadowed forth, whether by the creation, or the relation of things in such an order. And we have seen, that things singly are good, and together very good, in Thy Word, in Thy OnlyBegotten, both heaven and earth, the Head and the body of the Church, in Thy predestination before all times, without morning and evening. But when Thou begannest to execute in time the things predestinated, to the end Thou mightest reveal hidden things, and rectify our disorders; for our sins hung over us, and we had sunk into the dark deep; and Thy good Spirit was borne over us, to help us in due season; and Thou didst justify the ungodly, and dividest them from the wicked; and Thou madest the firmament of authority of Thy Book between those placed above, who were to he docile unto Thee, and those under, who were to be subject to them: and Thou gatheredst together the society of unbelievers into one conspiracy, that the zeal of the faithful might appear, and they might bring forth works of mercy, even distributing to the poor their earthly riches, to obtain heavenly. And after this didst Thou kindle certain lights in the firmament, Thy Holy ones, having the word of life; and shining with an eminent authority set on high through spiritual gifts; after that again, for the initiation of the unbelieving Gentiles, didst Thou out of corporeal matter produce the Sacraments, and visible miracles, and forms of words according to the firmament of Thy Book, by which the faithful should be blessed and multiplied. Next didst Thou form the living soul of the faithful, through affections well ordered by the vigour of continency: and after that, the mind subjected to Thee alone and needing to imitate no human authority, hast Thou renewed after Thy image and likeness; and didst subject its rational actions to the excellency of the understanding, as the woman to the man; and to all Offices of Thy Ministry, necessary for the perfecting of the faithful in this life, Thou willedst, that for their temporal uses, good things, fruitful to themselves in time to come, be given by the same faithful. All these we see, and they are very good,

Korean conspiracy: 음모, 공동모의, 공모, 연주하다, 제작하다, 서명 날인하다, 하다, 신이 옳다고 하다, 의 행 사이를 동시발생, 모의, 불법공모, 음모단, 집행하다, 시행하다, 수행하다, 조정하다. 불법 공모. 실행하다, 완성하다. merely: 단지, 다만. delay: 유예, 지연, 늦게하다, initiation: 개시, 가입, 입회, 입문, predestination: 예정, 숙명, 운명 지연시키다, 지체하다, 연기하다비전 전수, 비법을 전함, 창업, 예정설. 늦어지다, 연기하다, 늦어지다, 입회식, 전수, 창시, 초보지도. rectify: 정류하다, 고치다, 수정하다, 지체하다-지연, 지연 기간, justify: 정당함을 나타내다, 의 이유가 개정하다, 교정하다, 바로잡다, 우물쭈물하다. 되다, 비난에 대하여 변명하다, 없애다, 길이를 구하다, 정정하다, distributing: 분배의, 배급의. 고르게하다, 정당화하다, 정당화 조정하다, 술을 정류하다. docile: 가르치기쉬운, 유순한, 온순한. 하다, 의 정당한 이유가 되다, 충분한 unbelieving: 믿으려 하지 않는, 안 execute: 사형을 집행하다, 실시하다, 근거를 제시하다, 죄인을 옳다고 믿는, 회의적인, 신앙 없는.

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because Thou seest them in us, Who hast given unto us Thy Spirit, by which we might see them, and in them love Thee. O Lord God, give peace unto us: (for Thou hast given us all things;) the peace of rest, the peace of the Sabbath, which hath no evening. For all this most goodly array of things very good, having finished their courses, is to pass away, for in them there was morning and evening.% But the seventh day hath no evening, nor hath it setting; because Thou hast sanctified it to an everlasting continuance; that that which Thou didst after Thy works which were very good, resting the seventh day, although Thou madest them in unbroken rest, that may the voice of Thy Book announce beforehand unto us, that we also after our works (therefore very good, because Thou hast given them us), shall rest in Thee also in the Sabbath of eternal life. For then shalt Thou rest in us, as now Thou workest in us; and so shall that be Thy rest through us, as these are Thy works through us. But Thou, Lord, ever workest, and art ever at rest. Nor dost Thou see in time, nor art moved in time, nor restest in a time; and yet Thou makest things seen in time, yea the times themselves, and the rest which results from time. We therefore see these things which Thou madest, because they are: but they are, because Thou seest them. And we see without, that they are, and within, that they are good, but Thou sawest them there, when made, where Thou sawest them, yet to be made. And we were at a later time moved to do well, after our hearts had conceived of Thy Spirit; but in the former time we were moved to do evil, forsaking Thee; but Thou, the One, the Good God, didst never cease doing good. And we also have some good works, of Thy gift, but not eternal; after them we trust to rest in Thy great hallowing. But Thou, being the Good which needeth no good, art ever at rest, because Thy rest is Thou Thyself. And what man can teach man to understand this? or what Angel, an Angel? or what Angel, a man? Let it be asked of Thee, sought in Thee, knocked for at Thee; so, so shall it be received, so shall it be found, so shall it be opened. Amen.

Korean announce: 알리다, 고지하다, 발표하다, 이 왔음을 알리다, 공고하다, 방송하다, 임을 표시하다, 입호부를 표명하다, 큰소리로 알리다, 아나운서로 일하다. array: 배열시키다, 치장, 차리다, 정렬시키다, 의장, 벌여세움, 군세, 성장시키다, 정렬, 배열, 소집하다. beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다, 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써부터, 지레 짐작으로,

이전에, 빨리. continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 존속, 연기, 계속 기간. courses: 포인트, 행동, 월경. dost: 직설법, 현재. evening: 저녁, 밤, 오후, 해질녁, 해질녁칭, 만년, 의 밤, 저녁 때, 저녁의. former: 앞의, 이전의, 전자의, 형성자, 만드는 도구, 구성자, 권형, 모형, 형, 전의, 전자.

goodly: 잘생긴, 상당한, 용모가 단정한, 훌륭한, 잘 생긴, 큰. hast: 단수. resting: 휴면하고 있는, 휴식하고 있는, 증식하지 않고 있는. sanctified: 신성화된, 정화된, 축성된, 믿음이 두터운 체하는, 신앙이 독실한 체하는. trust: 위탁, 신탁, 신뢰하다, 신용, 맡기다, 신임, 책임, 신탁의, 의지하다, 보관, 믿다.

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The Confessions of Saint Augustine

GLOSSARY abandon: 에 빠지다, 버려두다, 버리다, 내맡기다, 단념하다, 떠나다, 유기하다에 젖다, 포기하다, 자유 분방, 방종, 그만두다 abandoned: 버림받은, 방탕한, 파렴치한, 자포자기한, 쟈유 분방한 abase: 떨어뜨리다, 창피를 주다, 낮추다 abashed: 부끄러워 abhor: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 거부하다, 소름끼칠 정도로 싫어하다 abide: 지탱하다, 살다, 머무르다, 기다리다, 참고 견디다, 지속하다, 머물다, 달게 받다, 규칙을 엄수하다, 각오하고 기다리다, 따르다 abiding: 영속적인, 오래 지속되는 abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한, 비천한 abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소 abominable: 지독한, 싫은, 지겹게, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한, 참으로 싫은 abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른다, 그득하다 abraham: 남자 이름, 아브라함 abroad: 널리, 해외에, 틀려서, 퍼져서, 집 밖에, 밖에, 집 밖으로, 잘못하여, 외국으로, 본거지 외에서, 국외로 absent: 결석의, 없는, 부재의, 멍청한, 멍하게, 결근의, 결근하다, 결석하다, 결여된, 멍한, 출타중인 absolute: 무조건의, 절대의, 전제의, 순수한, 기계어로 쓰인, 절대온도의, 독립의 absorb: 흡수하다, 동화하다, 병합하다, 이끌다되다, 부딤하다, 없애다, 열중시키다, 흡수 병합하다, 흡수 동화하다 abstemious: 절제하는, 검소한 abstinence: 절제, 금주, 금욕, 제욕, 금식, 절식, 자제 abstract: 추상파의, 추상적인, 심원한, 방심한, 공상적인, 발췌하다, 추상하다, 추상 예술 작품, 추상

개념, 추상, 심오한 absurd: 불합리한, 어리석은, 부조리한, 모순된, 부조리 absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, 불합리, 어리석은 일 absurdly: 불합리하게, 엉터리로 abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유복 abundant: 풍족한, 남아돌 종도의, 풍요로운, 풍부한 abundantly: 남아돌 정도의 abuse: 남용, 학대, 남용하다, 학대하다, 악습, 악용하다, 욕하다, 욕, 악용, 욕하다.악용, 페해 abyss: 심연, 혼돈, 지옥, 나락, 끝없이 깊은 구렁 accents: 신문 acceptable: 받을 수 있는, 좋은, 용인할 수 있는, 수락할 수 있는, 받아들일 수 있는 acceptably: 기꺼이 받아들일 수 있게, 마음에 들도록 accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게 하다, 동반하다 accomplish: 숙달한, 완수하다, 가르치다, 달성하다, 성취하다, 완성한, 소양이있는, 소양이 있는, 이루다, 에게 가르치다 accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된 accord: 조화하다, 맞다, 일치하다, 화음, 을 일치시키다, 을 적응시키다, 을 조화시키다, 일치, 임의, 협정, 주다 according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여 accursed: 저주받은, 지겨운, 저주할 accuse: 고발하다, 고소하다, 비난하다, 책하다 accused: 피고인, 피의자, 고발 당한, 고소 당한 accuser: 고발인, 고소인 원고, 비난자, 고소인, 밀고자, 원고

accusing: 비난하는, 나무라는, 죄가 있다고 하는, 책망하는 듯한, 고발하는 accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한 acknowledge: 받았음을 알리다, 승인하다, 인정하다, 감사하다, 사례하다, 알아 차렸음을 알리다, 확인하다 acknowledged: 일반적으로 인정된, 정평 있는, 정평있는 acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인 acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한 acquiesce: 묵종하다, 동의하다, 동의하는 것 acquire: 얻다, 획득, 학식, 재예, 습득, 습득하다, 붙이다, 잡다, 받게 하다, 취득하다 acquired: 획득한, 습득한, 후천적인 acting: 대리의, 직무 대행의, 행위, 가짜의, 연출용의, 임시의 actor: 행위자, 배위, 배우, 관여자 acute: 격렬한, 급성의, 날카로운, 뾰족한, 예민한, 빈틈없는, 예각, 예, 격렬하다, 고통스러운, 예리한 acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함 adam: 아담 adapt: 적응시키다, 수정하다, 개작하다, 조화시키다, 순응하다, 개조 하다, 번안 하다, 각색 하다, 순응시키다 adapted: 알맞은, 개조된, 개작된, 적당한 addition: 부가, 부가물, 증가, 증축, 가산, 덧셈, 직함 admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할 만한 admiration: 감탄, 칭찬, 찬미, 경탄, 경이, 칭찬의 대상, 찬양의 대상 admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다, 기뻐하다, 좋아하다, 찬미하다,

Augustine 황홀하게 바라보다, 탄복하며 바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다 admiring: 감복한, 감탄하는, 찬미하는, 찬양하는 admission: 승인, 고백, 자인, 입장, 입장료, 입학이나 입회 허가, 들어감을 받음, 입회의, 입장의, 들어감을 입장, 들어감을 허락함 admit: 허락하다, 들이다, 인정하다, 승인하다, 입장을 허용하다, 수용할 수 있다, 고백하다, 여지가 있다, 에 들어갈 수단이 되다, 수용하다, 넣다 admitted: 시인된, 공인된, 명백한 admonish: 훈계하다, 충고하다, 타이르다, 깨우치다, 설유하다, 경고하다 admonition: 훈계, 타이름, 충고, 경고, 훈방, 설유 adopted: 양자가 된, 차용된, 채용된, 채택된 adoption: 채택, 양자 결연, 채용, 입양 adulterer: 간부, 샛서방 adulteress: 간 adulterous: 간통의, 가짜의, 섞음질한, 불순한, 불의의 adultery: 간음, 간통, 혼외정사 advance: 나아가게 하다, 승진시키다, 나아가다, 값을 올리다, 전진, 진보, 의견을 내다 선불하다, 전진하다, 승급, 선불, 제출하다 adversary: 적, 상대방, 마왕 adversity: 역경, 불행한 일, 불행 advised: 숙고한, 신중한, 곰곰이 생각한 끝의, 무분별한, 숙고한 후의 aeneas: 트로이의 용사, 아에네아스 afar: 멀리, 원방에서, 원방에 affecting: 감동시키는, 감동적인, 애절한, 애처로운, 가련한 affection: 애정, 영향, 병, 감정, 특성, 성질, 호의, 기질, 감동 affianced: 약혼한 affirm: 단언하다, 확언하다, 확인하다, 긍정하다, 지지하다, 확약하다 affliction: 고통, 고민거리, 괴로움, 병, 불행의 원인, 고뇌 affright: 공포, 놀람, 놀래다, 무서워하게 하다, 놀라게 하다, 두려워하게 하다 aforesaid: 전술한, 진술한 aforetime: 이전에, 미리, 앞서 african: 아프리카의, 아프리카 사람의, 아프리카 사람 afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에 aged: 나이먹은, 오래된, 삶의, 낡은, 노인들, 늙은, 묵은, 살에, 살의, 노인 agents: 자치령 대표, 자치령주 대표 aghast: 어안이 벙벙하여, 질겁하여,

두려워 떨며, 깜짝 놀라 agonistic: 승벽의, 논쟁의, 효과를 노린, 무리한경기의, 경기의, 무리한, 고대 그리스의 운동 경기의 agony: 희비의 극치, 단말마의 괴로움, 고뇌, 고통, 그리스도의 고통, 심한 고통, 죽음의 고통, 감정의 격발, 격발 agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한, 적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는, 사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는, 상냥한, 기꺼이 동의하는 alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란 alas: 아아, 슬픈지고 alexandria: 나일강어귀의 항구, 알렉산드리아 alike: 똑같은, 같은, 같게, 같이, 서로 같은 alive: 활기를 띠어, 살아서, 혈기왕성하여, 살아 있는, 떼지어, 민감한, 전류가 통하고 있는, 생생하여 allay: 누그러뜨리다, 가라앉히다, 진정시키다, 완화하다 allege: 단언하다, 증거 없이 주장하다, 인용 증언하다, 증언하다, 내세우다 allegorically: 풍유적으로, 우화적으로, 풍유적임, 우의적임 allegory: 우화, 비유, 비유담, 풍유 allowances: 참작 alloy: 합금, 섞음질, 비급속, 섞음질하다, 품질을 떨어뜨리다, 합금하다, 품위, 품위-합금하다, 덜다, 합금에 쓰는 비금속, 합금이 되다 alluring: 유혹하는, 마음을 끄는, 마음을 홀리는, 유인하는, 황홀한, 매혹적인 almighty: 대단한, 전능한, 대단히, 신, 전능자 alms: 베풀어주는 사람, 보시, 의연금 aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 위쪽에, 위에 aloud: 큰 소리로, 똑똑히, 소리 내어 altar: 제단, 제대, 성찬대 alteration: 변경, 개조, 변경된 곳, 변화 alternately: 번갈아, 교대로, 하나 걸러 altogether: 전부해서, 아주전혀, 대체로-전체적 효과, 벌거숭이, 요컨대, 전체, 전혀, 다 합하여 amazed: 놀란 amazement: 놀람, 소스라침 amazing: 굉장한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄만한, 이상한 ambition: 대망, 야심의 대상, 패기,

267 야심, 포부, 열망, 원한, 큰 뜻, 야망, 원기 ambitious: 야심적인, 대망이 있는, 야심을 품은, 거창한, 대망을 품은 amen: 아멘, 동의, 찬동, 그러할지어다, 아멘이라는 말 amend: 고치다, 고쳐지다, 수정하다, 개정하다, 개심하다, 정정하다 amendment: 개정, 수정, 개심, 수정 조항 amiable: 붙임성 있는, 귀염성 있는, 호감을 주는, 온화한, 상냥한, 마음씨 고운, 귀여운, 마음씨가 상냥한 amid: 의 한 복판에, 의 한가운데에, 이 한창일 때, 한창 한는 중에, 복판에, 의 한복판에, 한창 때에 amidst: 한창 하는 중에, 의 한복판에 amiss: 어긋나서, 잘못한, 형편이 나쁜, 고장난, 빗나가서, 수사납게, 이 적절하지 않은, 잘못되어, 탈이 나서, 이 적질하지 않은 amphitheatre: 계단강의실, 계단식 관람석, 원형연기장, 원형 경기장, 원형 극장, 계단 교실 ample: 넓은, 충분한, 광대한, 풍부한 angel: 천사, 영국의옛금화, 재정적후원자, 천사같은 사람, 옛날의 영국 금화, 재정적 후원자 anger: 화, 성, 노염, 노여움, 분노, 성나게 하다 angry: 성난, 성나있는, 몹시쑤시는, 타는 듯한, 험한, 염증을 일으킨 anguish: 격통, 고뇌 animate: 격려하다, 살리다, 활기띠게하다, 생명을주다, 활기띠게 하다, 생기 있게 하다, 을 움직이다, 에 움직임을 주다, 에 생명을 불어넣다, 생물인, 생기 있는 anniversary: 기념일, 예년의, 축전, 기념일의, 생일, 주년 announce: 알리다, 고지하다, 발표하다, 이 왔음을 알리다, 공고하다, 방송하다, 임을 표시하다, 입호부를 표명하다, 큰소리로 알리다, 아나운서로 일하다 annoyance: 성가심, 두통거리, 약오름, 성가신 일, 성가신 사람, 성가시게 굴기, 괴로움 anon: 이내, 다시, 얼마안있어, 언젠가, 곧 answering: 상응하는, 응답의 answers: 응답 antecedent: 앞서는, 선행자, 선행의, 전항, 경력, 선행사, 암선 사건, 앞의-선례, 역행, 전례, 보다 이전의 anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다, 이르게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다, 예상하다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고 근심하다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다,

268

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

앞질러 하다 antidote: 해독제, 교정 수단 antony: 안토니우스, 남자 이름 anxiety: 걱정, 불안, 열망, 근심, 걱정거리, 염원 anxious: 하고 싶어하는, 불안한, 걱정스러운, 열망하는, 열망하여, 걱정하는 anxiously: 걱정스럽게, 근심하여, 걱정하여 apart: 떨어져, 대들다, 산산이, 떨어져서, 별개로 apostle: 사도, 최초의전도자, 주창자, 최초의 기독교 전도자, 총무 위원 apostolic: 사도의, 교황의, 사도의신앙에관한, 사도와동시대의 apparel: 의복, 차리다, 꾸미다, 의상, 제복의장식수-입히다, 입히다, 기성복, 제복, 장식 appearing: 인 듯한 appetite: 식욕, 욕구, 욕망, 기호 appointment: 지정, 임명, 관직, 지위, 선정, 회합의약속, 약속, 회합의 약속, 천명 appointments: 설비 apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, 이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다이해하다, 감지하다 apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정 approbation: 허가, 시인, 칭찬 approve: 찬성하다, 시인하다, 실증하다, 인가하다, 마음에들다, 승인하다, 보여주다-시인하다, 보여주다, 좋다고 인정하다, 수락하다, 임을 보이다 approved: 인가된, 입증된, 승인된, 공인의, 공인된, 정평있는 approving: 시인하는 apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는 aptly: 잘, 적절히, 교묘히 aquatic: 물의, 수상의, 물속에사는 수생 동물, 물속에사는-수생 동물 architect: 건축가, 제작자, 건축기사, 조물주, 설계자, 입안자 ardent: 불같은, 뜨거운, 타는 듯한, 열심인, 열렬한, 빛나는, 불타는 ardently: 열렬히, 열심히, 불타게 aright: 바르게, 정확히 arise: 일어나다, 부활하다, 발생하다, 소생하다, 나타나다, 되살아나다, 아침에 일어나다, 피어오르다, 생기다 aristotle: 아리스토텔레스 arithmetic: 산수, 계산, 셈본, 초등수학, 산수의 능력, 산수의

armed: 무장한 armory: 문장학, 병기고, 병기공장, 병기류, 주병 부대 본부, 무구, 문장 arose: 과거 arrange: 배열하다, 조정하다, 정리하다, 가지런히 하다, 준비하다, 마련하다, 미리 가지런히 하다, 해결하다, 처리하다-타합하다, 계획하다, 가지런히하다 array: 배열시키다, 치장, 차리다, 정렬시키다, 의장, 벌여세움, 군세, 성장시키다, 정렬, 배열, 소집하다 arrival: 도착, 도착자, 출현, 도달, 신생아, 입항, 출생, 도착의, 도착자물 arrive: 도착하다, 명성을얻다, 달하다, 도달하다, 태어나다, 성공하다, 일어나다 arrogancy: 오만, 거만, 불손 arrogant: 건방진, 건만한, 거만한 arrows: 화살 artifice: 개교, 고안, 책략, 모략, 기술, 교활, 기교, 교묘한 착상 artificer: 제작가, 기술가, 장색, 장인, 기술자 ascend: 오르다, 오르막이되다, 시대가 거슬러 올라가다, 올라가다, 에 오르다, 높아지다, 을 오르다, 오르막이 되다, 등귀하다, 상향, 거슬러 올라가다 ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르는, 위를 향한 ascension: 상승, 즉위, 예수의 승천, 오름, 올라감, 승천 ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 돌리다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다 ashamed: 낯을 붉히어, 부끄러워하여, 부끄러이 여겨, 부끄러워 aside: 떨어져서-방백, 옆에, 떼어서, 독백, 곁으로, 곁에, 방백, 별도로 하고, 생각하지 않고, 따로 두고 asleep: 잠들어, 활발치않아서, 마비되어, 팽이가서서, 영면하여, 죽어, 자서, 저려 aspirate: 기음의, 음을 넣어 발음하다, 기식음의, 기식음으로 발음하다, 기식음의-기식음으로 발음하다, 대기음, 기식음 assail: 엄습하다, 감연히 에 부탁치다, 논란하다, 습격하다, 과감히 부딪치다, 맹렬히 공격하다 assaying: 시금법, 분석 시험 assent: 동의하다, 승낙하다, 동의, 인정하다, 찬성하다 assessor: 재산평가인, 과세평가인, 세액 사정자, 배석 판사 assiduously: 부지런히, 근면하게 assign: 지정하다, 할당하다,

양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다 assistance: 원조, 참석자, 조력, 거듦 associate: 준회원, 연합시키다, 한동아리, 공동시키다, 동료, 교제하다, 연상하다, 준, 연합한, 연상하다-교제하다-동료, 연상되는 것-동아리의 associated: 조합의, 연합한, 합동의, 연상의, 연합된 assume: 몸에차리다, 가정하다, 떠맡다, 생각하다, 짐짓 가장을하다, 가로채다, 책임을지다, 사실이라고 보다, 사실이라고 생각하다, 인 체하다, 제 것으로 삼다 assurance: 보증, 확신, 자신, 철면피, 침착, 보험 assure: 보증하다, 납득시키다, 보험에 넣다, 안심시키다, 확신시키다, 확실히하다, 납득하다, 확실하게 하다, 보험을 걸다 assured: 자신있게, 확실한, 보험에 부친, 확신하여, 자신 있는, 생명 보험을 건, 보증된 assuredly: 대담히, 확실하게, 자신있게, 확실히, 자신을 가지고, 확신을 가지고 assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는 astonished: 놀란 astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람 astray: 타락하여, 길을잃어, 길을 잃다 astrologer: 점성가 asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로, 따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서, 조각조각, 조각조각으로, 떨어져 athanasius: 아리우스교의 반대자 athirst: 갈망하여, 목이타서 atrociously: 흉악하게, 아주 지독하게, 잔악하게 attain: 달성하다, 도달하다, 이루다, 이르다, 결혼하다, 붙어있다, 첨부하다 attempted: 미수의, 기도한 attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람 attentive: 친절한, 경청하는, 정중한, 주의깊은, 주의 깊은 attentively: 세심하게, 주의깊게 attested: 공정 기준 합격의, 무병보증된, 증명된 attractiveness: 사람의 마음을 끄는 것 audacious: 대담한, 뻔뻔스러운

Augustine audaciously: 대담하게, 무례하게 auditor: 청강생, 감사, 방청자, 회계검사관, 듣는 사람, 회계 감사원 aught: 아마, 아무래도 상관 없다, 어떤 일, 어떤 것, 무엇이든 augmented: 증가된, 는, 증음된 author: 저자, 본인, 하수인, 저작, 창시자, 창조자, 저작물, 만들어 내다, 쓰다 avail: 이익, 도움이되다, 소용이되다, 효용, 이롭다-이익.효용, 이롭다, 유용하다, 효력이 있다, 에 도움이 되다 avenue: 가로수 길, 큰거리, 가로, 수단, 두 줄로 늘어선 가로수, 방법, 큰 가로, 현관에 이르는 통로, 접근수단 averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한 avert: 피하다, 돌리다, 막다 awake: 깨우다, 일으키다, 깨다, 깨닫다, 방심 않는, 잘 알아채서, 깨어서, 자각시키다-눈뜨다, 자각시키다, 눈뜨다, 분기하다깨어서 awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움 awful: 무서운, 대단한, 장엄한, 굉장한, 두려운, 무섭다, 몹시, 경외심을 일으키게 하는 awfulness: 지독함, 장엄, 장엄함, 두려운 일, 굉장함, 두려운 것 awhile: 잠시, 잠깐 awoke: 깨우다의 과거분사 babe: 숫보기, 아기 babylon: 바빌론, 타락의 도시, 화려한 도회, 화려하고 타락한 대도시 babylonian: 바빌로니아의, 바빌로니아 사람, 죄많은, 바빌로니아 말, 바빌론니아 어, 바빌론의, 사악한 backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, 후방으로, 퇴보하여 badge: 기장, 표, 반자동 방공 경계 관제 조직, 기지 방공 지상 경계 조직, 배지, 견장을 달다, 기장을 달다 baggage: 말괄량이, 군용 행낭, 수화물, 닮고 닮은 여자, 바람난 여자, 휴대품, 닳고 닳은 여자, 수하물, 짐 bait: 미끼, 먹이를 먹다, 미끼를 달다, 매어 둔 짐승을 시켜서 곯리다, 마초를 주다, 휴식, 개를 시켜서 곯리다 balls: 혼란케 하다, 혼란시키다,

엉망으로 만들다 balm: 향유, 진통제, 서양박하, 바향수지, 밤제, 멜리사 banner: 기, 기치, 주장, 주요한, 군기, 현수막, 전단표제-일류의, 전단표제, 제 1위의, 제목을 크게 붙이다, 신문의 톱 전단에 걸친 제목 banter: 놀림, 놀리다, 조롱하다, 악의 없는 농담, 희롱하다, 희롱, 농담을 하다, 농담, 농담하다 baptise: 명명하다, 별명을붙이다 세례를 주다, 세례를 주다 baptism: 세례, 침례, 첫 출전, 괴로운 시련, 화형에 의한 순교, 순교, 세례식 barbarian: 야만인, 외국인, 미개한, 미개인의, 교양없는 사람-야만적인, 야만의, 야만적인, 교양 없다, 외국의, 이방인, 교양없는 사람 barbarism: 미개, 야만, 조야, 조야한 행동, 포학, 막된 거동, 상말, 파격적인 말, 야만인, 이방인 bare: 닳아빠진, 노골적인, 결핍된, 써서 낡은, 알몸의, 부족한, 노출된, 이 없는, 장식없는, 벗기다, 드러낸 bargain: 흥정하다, 매매, 약속을 하다, 거래, 교섭하다, 기대하다, 바꾸다, 싼 물건, 의 조건을 붙이다, 헐값의 bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부-껍질을 벗기다 barking: 짖는, 짖는 소리, 심한 기침, 호통, 권총, 잘 짖는 barred: 모래톱이 있는, 빗장이 있는, 줄 있는, 줄무늬가 있는, 가두어 버린, 빗장이 달린, 줄이 있는 barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는, 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야 baseness: 천함, 서출, 치사함, 속팀, 열등, 조악, 하등, 비열, 가짜 bashfulness: 수줍음, 부끄러움, 수줍어 basilica: 공회당, 그리스도 교회당 basket: 바구니, 광주리, 네트, 한 바구니, 바구니 모양의 것, 바스켓, 바구니에 넣다 bath: 목욕, 목욕통-목욕하다, 목욕실, 바드 훈의, 온천장, 피 투성이가 된 상태, 용액, 욕조, 목욕하다, 땀 투성이가 된 상태, 목욕통 bathe: 미역, 잠그다, 적시다, 씻다해수욕, 끼얹다, 목욕하다, 뒤덮이다, 씻다, 뒤덮다, 담그다, 헤엄치다

269 bathing: 수영, 멱감기수영복 차림의 미인, 목욕 baths: 입욕, 목욕, 목욕탕, 온천 bawler: 야단치는 사람, 외치는 사람 bearing: 관계, 태도, 거동, 관련, 낳음, 문장, 방위각, 인내, 축받이 beast: 짐승, 가축, 짐승 같은 놈, 식용 소, 동물, 짐승 같은 사람, 축생, 네발짐승 beaten: 밟아 다져진, 두들겨 편, 두들겨 맞은, 진, 세게 휘저은, 패배당한, 완전히 지친, 얻어 맞은, 두들겨 늘인, 밟아 다진 beatific: 행복을 줄 수 있는, 행복에 넘친, 축복을 주는, 축복을 주는 힘이 있는, 행복에 빛나는, 기쁨이 넘치는 beating: 고동, 때림, 날개치기, 타파, 매질, 박정한 대우, 구타, 맥박, 패배, 채찍질의 처벌, 지게 하기 beauteous: 아름다운, 우아한 beauty: 아름다움, 미, 아름다운 것, 미인, 터무니 없는 것, 좋은 점, 아름다운 동물, 미관, 아름다운것, 미점, 미인들 beck: 손짓, 고갯짓, 끄덕임, 시내 bedewed: 눈물 따위로 축축하게 한, 이슬로 축축하게 한 bedimmed: 흐리게 한 befitting: 알맞은, 어울리는, 상응하는, 적당한, 적합한 beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다, 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써부터, 지레 짐작으로, 이전에, 빨리 beg: 빌다, 구걸하다, 빌어먹다, 앞발을들고서다, 발을들고서다, 시주해 줄 것을 청하다, 애걸하다, 앞발을 들고 서서 재롱부리다, 부탁하다, 간청하다, 용서를 청하다 beget: 낳다, 돌보다, 생기다, 자식을 보다, 생기게 하다 beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다, 가난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게 하다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람, 빈약하게 하다, 가난들게 하다 beggary: 거지 생활, 패거리, 극빈, 거지신세, 거지, 거지 사회 begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활 beguile: 기만하다, 지루함을 잊게 하다, 사취하다, 즐겁게하다, 기쁘게 하다, 속이다, 잊게 하다 beguiling: 속이는, 기분을 전환시키는, 기분 전환의, 심심풀이의, 기만하는 behalf: 위하여, 이익 behold: 보다 beholder: 보는 사람, 구경꾼 believer: 신자, 믿는 사람 believing: 믿음이 있는, 백문이 불여

270 일견, 보는것보다 확실한 것은 없다, 빈음, 신앙심 있는 belly: 배, 복부, 식욕, 위, 자궁부풀게하다, 태내, 불룩한 부분, 부풀다 belong: 에속하다, 의 것이다, 있다, 있어야 하다, 속하다, 소속하다 belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, 귀속 의식, 귀속 beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편, 소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내, 가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, 애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아, 사랑스러운 bend: 구부리다, 굴복시키다, 굽히다, 굴곡, 주시하다-굽다, 결삭, 경향, 힘을 쏟다-굽이, 당기다, 기울이다, 굴복하다 bends: 잠함병, 케이슨병 benediction: 축복, 성체 강복식, 감사의 기도, 축도, 강복식, 천복 bent: 굽은, 초원, 황야, 마음을 기울인, 열심인, 경향, 허리가 굽은, 성벽, 겨이삭속 또는 그와 비슷한 포아풀과의 잡초, 그 줄기, 기호 bereaved: 죽음을 당한, 뒤에 남겨진, 유족, 사별한 사람, 여읜, 잃은 beseech: 간청하다, 탄원하다, 간원하다, 원하다, 청하다 beset: 공격하다, 꾸미다, 괴롭히다, 둘러싸다, 방해하다, 범하기 쉬운, 빠지기 쉬운, 습격하다, 포위하다, 장식하다, 에 박아 넣다 besides: 제외하고, 그위에, 게다가, 게다가-더하여, 이외에, 을 제외하고, 외에는, 더하여, 그 위에, 그 밖에, 이외에도 besprinkle: 흩뿌리다, 살포하다, 안개가 되어 내리다, 비가 후두두 오다, 눈이 후두두 오다 bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다, 간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다, 증여하다, 저장하다, 묵게 하다, 부여하다 betake: 의지하다, 호소하다, 착수하다, 가다, 로 가다, 을 해보다 bethink: 숙고하다, 생각하다, 생각해내다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 생각나다, 생각해 내다 betrothed: 약혼한, 약혼자의, 정혼한 사이의, 정혼한, 약혼자, 약혼한 사이의 betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에 bewail: 비탄하다, 슬퍼하다 beware: 주의하다, 조심하다 bewitched: 요술을 거는 bible: 성서, 성전, 성경, 권위 있는 서적, 성경 한 권, 성경 한 판

The Confessions of Saint Augustine bid: 말하다, 입찰하다, 명하다, 입찰하다-값을 매기다, 입찰하다부른값, 초대하다, 값을 다루다, 값매기다, 공고하다-값을 매기다, 노력하다, 매기다 bier: 관대, 관가, 묘 bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본, 구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게 하다, 속박하다, 장정하다 bird: 새, 엽조, 비행기-들새를 관찰하다, 야유, 녀석, 새를 잡다, 조롱하는 소리, 미사일, 형기, 사람, 빈정거리는 소리 birdlime: 끈끈이 birthright: 생득권, 타고난 권리 bishop: 비숍, 주교, 감독, 승정 biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운 bitter: 쓴, 모진, 격심한, 비참한, 쓴맛, 가엾은, 쓴맥주, 모진-쓴맛, 씁, 격렬한, 쓰라린 bitterly: 쓰게, 격심하게, 비참하게, 몹시, 살을 에듯이, 통렬히 bitterness: 씀, 비참함, 격심함, 고통, 신랄, 불황 blade: 칼날, 잎, 멋장이, 칼, 날개, 검객, 견갑골, 위세가 당당한 사내, 위세가 호탕한 사내, 혀끝, 노깃 blame: 책임, 나무라다, 비난하다, 비난, 허물, 의 탓으로 돌리다-비난, 탓, 지우다, 의 탓으로 돌리다, 책망 blamed: 지긋지긋한, 빌어먹을, 천벌받을, 빌어먹을 몹시, 지겹게 blameless: 나무랄만한, 비난할 점이 없는 blameworthy: 나무랄만한, 나무랄 만한 blasphemous: 모독적인, 불경스러운, 독선적인, 불경한 blasphemy: 불경, 모독, 죄받을 언동, 신에 대한 불경 bleeding: 출혈, 방혈, 엄청난, 출혈하는, 피나는 느낌의 blending: 혼합, 혼성어 bless: 찬미하다, 정화하다, 수호하다, 은총을 내리다, 신성케 하다, 찬양하다, 축복하다, 신을 찬양하다, 신을 하다, 은혜를 베풀다, 저주하다 blessed: 축복을 받은, 행복한, 복된, 신성한, 저주받은, 축복받은, 축성된, 기쁜 blessedly: 즐겁게, 행복하게, 다행히 blessedness: 행운, 행복 blessing: 고마운 것, 은총, 축복, 행복, 가호, 식전의 기도, 복, 찬성, 축복의 말 blind: 맹목적인, 눈먼, 발, 숨은, 어리석은, 이성을 잃은, 차일, 커튼,

문, 막다른-눈멀게 하다, 눈멀게 하다 blindness: 맹목, 눈이 멀음, 무분별 blissful: 행복한, 더없이 행복한 bloom: 번영하다, 개화기, 꽃, 쇳덩이, 건강한-피다, 과분, 개화, 앵두빛, 특정 시즌의 꽃, 특정 식물의 꽃, 특정 장소의 꽃 blow: 강타, 불다, 개화, 바람에 날리다, 취주, 타격, 한번 불기, 휘몰아치다, 산란, 폭발하다, 낭비하다 blowing: 취입 성형, 재즈 연주, 분출하는 소리 blunt: 날 없는, 무디어지다, 날이무딘, 들지 않는-무디게하다, 둔하게 하다, 무뚝뚝한, 퉁명스러운, 둔하게 되다, 들지 않는, 무디게하다, 무딘 blush: 붉히다, 부끄러워하다, 얼굴을 붉히다, 얼굴을 붉힘, 얼굴을붉히다, 빨개지다, 얼굴이 빨개지다, 발그레해지다, 발그레함, 언뜻 봄 boast: 자랑하다, 가지고 있다, 자랑, 뽐내다, 큰소리치다, 호언장담하다, 대강 다듬다, 과시하다, 가지다, 자랑 거리 boastfulness: 자랑 거리, 자랑 이야기, 자랑 boasting: 자랑하는, 자랑, 거만 bodily: 통째로, 육체적인-몸소, 모조리, 몸의, 신체상의, 구체의, 육체상의 boil: 삶다, 끓이다, 종기, 비등, 부스럼, 데치다, 비등하다, 격분하다, 졸여서 만들다, 분출하다, 끓다 boiled: 취한, 끓은 boiling: 비등, 비등하는, 끓음, 사나운, 끓어 오르는, 일회분의 삶을 거리, 푹푹 찌는 듯한, 격렬한 bold: 가파른, 대담한, 거리낌없는, 굵은, 뚜렷한, 굵게, 볼드체의, 뻔뻔스러운, 힘 있는, 두드러진, 뻔뻔한 boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이 boldness: 대담함, 분방 자재, 두드러짐, 대담 bond: 증서, 사로잡힌, 끈, 결합하다, 기반, 노예의, 묶는것, 새끼, 사로 잡히다, 보세 창고에 넣다, 보증인채권으로 대체하다 bondage: 속박, 노예의 신분, 노예의신분, 감금, 농노, 농노의 신세 bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 싫증나게하다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, 총구멍, 해일, 뚫다, 구멍을 내다, 구멍이 나다, 따분한 것 borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은

Augustine borrow: 차용하다, 빌다, 꾸어오다, 바람을 참작하여 치다, 언덕을 참작하여 치다, 차입하다, 에서 빌다, 무단 차용하다 bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면 bottomless: 바닥의, 앉는 부분이 없는, 밑바닥 없는, 누드의, 의자의 부분이 없는 bound: 범위, 경계, 행의, 열중하여, 되튀다, 뜀, 밀접한 관계에, 한계, 에 가려고, 결심을 한, 확실한 boundary: 경계, 한계, 경계선 타에 의한 득점, 경계선, 경계선 타 boundless: 한없는, 무한한 bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한 bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 깃드는 곳 bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉 bows: 이물 boyhood: 소년기, 소년사회, 소년들 boyish: 소년의, 소년 같은, 여자 아이가 같은 bread: 생계, 빵, 양식, 돈, 주식물, 먹을것, 고용주, 주인, 현금, 에 빵가루를 묻히다 breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재는 물건, 관용, 너비 breaking: 단선, 파괴, 길들이기, 음의 분열, 조교 breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, 가슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 대다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 맞서다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다 breathe: 호흡하다, 속삭이다, 풍기다, 휴식 시키다, 휴식하다, 털어놓다, 쉬다, 선들거리다-불어넣다, 살아있다, 숨쉬다, 무성음으로 발음하다 breathed: 무성음의 breathing: 호흡, 동경, 발성, 열망, 휴식, 미풍, 부동, 숨쉬는, 숨쉬는 동안, 숨을 불어넣음, 호흡법 bred: 하게 자란 brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들 bribe: 뇌물, 증회하다, 뇌물로 매수하다 bridal: 신부의, 새색시, 혼례, 혼례의, 결혼식 bride: 신부, 새색시 bridegroom: 신랑 bridle: 굴레를 씌우다, 고삐를 매다, 굴레, 구속하다, 몸을 뒤로 젖히다, 구속물, 말 굴레, 머리를 치켜든

거만한 자세, 구속, 배를 매어 놓는 밧줄, 배를 매어 놓는 체인 briefly: 간결하게, 짧게, 간단히 brightness: 환함, 머리가 좋음, 빛남 brittle: 부서지기쉬운, 부서지기 쉬운, 다루기 힘든, 믿을 수없는, 깨지기 쉬운 brotherly: 형제의, 친절한, 친밀하게 brow: 이마, 눈썹, 벼랑 꼭대기, 벼랑, 얼굴 brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인, 감각이 없는, 잔인한 buckler: 둥근방패, 둥근 방패, 방패 bud: 싹, 눈, 꽃봉오리, 싹트게하다, 발달하기 시작하다, 동료, 친해지다, 자라기 시작하다, 어린이, 아체, 아접하다 builder: 건물, 건축, 건축자, 건조자, 건설자, 건축업자 bulk: 크기, 대부분, 부풀다, 적하, 쌓아올리다, 더미, 부피, 부피가 큰, 선창, 의 부피가 커지게 하다, 거대한 것 bulky: 거대한, 부피가 큰, 다루기힘든, 부피가큰, 다루기 힘든 burden: 부담, 귀찮은, 요지, 귀찮은일, 무거운짐, 무거운짐을 지우다, 무거운 짐, 괴롭히다, 노래의 반복구, 배의 적재력, 반복구 burial: 매장 burn: 개울, 태우다, 열중하다, 산화시키다, 화끈거리다, 그슬리다, 흥분하다, 시내, 소작하다, 불에데다, 내리 쬐다 burning: 불타는, 긴급한, 격렬한, 타고 있는 것, 타고 있는, 시급한 burnt: 불에 덴, 탄 burst: 파열하다, 돌발, 별안간 나타나다, 터지다, 폭발, 충만하다, 찢다, 집중 사격, 파열시키다, 파열, 잡아 찢다 bury: 묻다, 몰두하게하다, 장사지내다, 몰두하다, 숨기다, 잊다, 파묻다, 덮어서 숨기다 bushel: 부셸, 부쉘단위, 고쳐 짓다, 부셸수, 옷을 고쳐 짓다, 대량, 많은 양 bustle: 서두르다, 떠들게 하다, 떠들다, 야단법석, 재촉하다, 부산하게 움직이다, 붐비다, 야단 법석, 허리받이 butler: 집사, 하인 우두머리 식사 담당원, 하인 우두머리, 궁내성 주류 관리자 buzz: 윙윙거리다, 기계의 소리, 벌레의날개소리, 속삭임, 웅성거림, 확자지껄하다, 의 위를 닿을듯 말듯 낮게 날다, 와글와글, 에게 버저로 알리다, 술병을 다 따라 마시다,

271 분주하게 돌아다니다 buzzing: 윙윙거리는 cabinets: 캐비닛 caesar: 로마 황제, 시저, 독재자, 전제 군주, 전제군주, 제왕, 제왕절개, 카이사르, 통치권, 로마황제 calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참 calculation: 계산, 타산, 추정, 숙고, 예상, 예측, 계획, 계산의 결과, 추측, 계산함 calf: 송아지, 장딴지, 종아리, 어리석은 젊은이, 송아지 가죽, 빙산에서 떨어져 표류하는 얼음 덩어리, 멍청이, 머리 나쁜 아이 calling: 천직, 부름, 직업, 소집, 점호, 강한 충동, 하느님의 부르심, 방문, 울음소리, 외침, 소명 calm: 평온한, 고요한, 뻔뻔스러운, 무풍, 가라앉히다, 침착한, 침착, 고요, 냉정, 평온, 뱃심좋은 calmly: 고요히, 냉정하게, 태연하게, 태연히, 냉정히, 온화하게, 조용하게 camp: 야영지, 수용소, 진영, 군대생활, 천막을 치다, 캠프, 캠프장, 산장, 동성애의, 꾸미는 태도, 지부 candid: 솔직한, 공평한, 포즈를 취하지 않은, 스냅 사진, 자연 그대로의, 있는 대로의, 입바른, 성실한, 꺼리낌없는, 거리낌없는, 공정한 candle: 양초, 촉광, 빛을 내는 것, 촛불에 비추어 살피다, 등불에 비쳐서 조사하다, 재산을 낭비하다, 양초 모양의 것, 별, 등불 cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기, 매질하다, 등나무로 만들다, 등나무 무리, 가볍고 가는 지팡이, 대, 유리막대, 매로 치다, 등 canvassing: 권유, 외근 captious: 흠잡기 잘하는, 꾀까다로운, 말꼬리를 잡고 늘어지는, 짓궂은, 흠 잡는 captive: 포로, 포로의, 모회사에 전속된, 매혹된, 사로잡힌 상태, 포로가된, 잡힌 사람, 사로잡힌, 빠진 사람, 감금, 넋이 빠진 captivity: 감금, 사로잡힌 신세, 사로잡힘, 포로, 포로의 신세, 포로의 기간, 생포, 나포, 바빌론 포로 carcase: 뼈대, 시체, 잔해, 형해, 몸통, 소이탄의 일종, 송장 careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한, 괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한, 마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는, 조심성없는, 태평스러운 carelessly: 부주의하게, 태평하게, 무심코, 경솔하게, 속 편하게 carnal: 육체의, 현세적인, 육욕적인,

272

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

육감적인, 속세의, 물질적인 carthage: 카르타고, 아프리카 북안의 고대 도시 carthaginian: 카르타고의, 카르타고의 사람 cast: 던지다, 캐스트, 주조되다, 던지기, 해고하다, 향하다, 버리다, 경향, 주조하다, 배정하다, 계산하다 casting: 주조, 배역, 낚싯줄의 드리움, 주물, 던짐, 똥, 뱀 허물, 버림, 낚싯줄의 드리움 방법의, 낚싯줄의 드리움의, 던지기 catching: 전염성의, 전염하는, 마음을 빼앗는, 매력있는, 매력 있는 것 catechumen: 세례 지원자, 예비신자, 초심자, 입문자, 세례 지원자의 catholic: 보편적인, 구교도, 도량이 넓은, 서방교회, 천주교의, 일반적인, 전반, 영국국교교회 고교회파의, 표용적인, 카톨릭의-카톨릭교도, 민인이 관심을 가지는 cattle: 소, 가축, 해충, 말, 짐승 같은 놈들, 개새끼들, 축우 cauldron: 가마솥 cease: 그만두다, 그치다, 끝나다, 중지, 중지하다, 멎다, 멈추다-중지, 끝내다, 중단 ceasing: 중단, 중지 celebrated: 유명한, 저명한 celebration: 축하, 축전, 찬양, 의식, 식, 성찬식, 칭찬 celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은 celibacy: 독신, 독신생활, 독신주의, 금욕 cellar: 지하실, 석탄 저장소, 포도주 저장, 최하위, 포도주 저장실, 저장 포도주, 움, 지하실에 저장하다, 지하실에 저정하다, 땅광 certainty: 확실성, 확신, 확실한 것, 필연적인사물, 객관적 확실성, 확실한 일 chain: 쇠사슬, 연쇄, 굴레, 측쇄, 속박, 체인, 목걸이, 차꼬, 일련, 회로, 사슬로 연결하다 chamber: 약실, 방, 소실, 침실, 변호사 사무실, 의원, 의회, 회의장, 회의실, 회의소, 회관 chambers: 독신자용 셋방, 판사실, 변호사 사무실 changeable: 변덕스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 불안정한, 가변서의, 변경할 수 잇는, 변하기쉬운, 여러가지 색으로 변화해 보이는, 여러 가지 색 으로 변화해 보이는, 가변성의 changing: 작고 보기 어리석은 동물, 작고 보기 어리석은 사람, 남몰래

바꿔치기한 어린애, 작고 보기 흉한 사람, 작고 보기 흉한 동물 chant: 성가, 노래, 자주 반복되는 의견, 영창하다, 영창조, 부르다, 찬송하다, 단조로운 말투, 되풀이 하다, 크게 찬양하다, 단조로운 말투로계속하다 charioteer: 차로 나르다, 몰다, 이륜 전차를 모는 사람, 이륜 전차를 몰다 charity: 사랑, 자비, 양육원, 자애, 자선 단체, 자선, 자선사업, 기부금, 시료원, 보시, 베품 charmed: 매혹된, 기쁘게 생각하여, 저주 받은, 마법으로 보호된, 마법에 걸린 chaste: 순결한, 정숙한, 품위 있는, 난잡하지 않은, 고아한, 담박한, 세련된, 수수한, 순수한, 점잖은, 간소한 chastely: 정숙하게, 고상하게 chastened: 누그러진 chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕, 정숙 cheap: 싸게, 값싼, 시시한, 싼, 저리의, 노력하지 않고 얻은, 값싸게, 할인의, 값이 싼, 인쇄한, 저속한 checked: 체크 무늬의, 바둑판 무늬의, 바둑판무늬의 cheeks: 측면, 궁둥이 cheer: 환호, 기분, 갈채, 갈채하다, 격려, 격려하다, 기운이 나다, 음식물, 기운을 북돋우다, 환성을 지르다, 음식 cheerful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 쾌활한, 싫은, 지독한, 마음으로 부터의, 기분 좋은, 기운찬, 마음을 밝게하는, 명랑한, 밝은 cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것 cherish: 품다, 귀여워하다, 소중히 하다, 소중히 키우다, 소중히 기르다, 고이 간직하다 cherished: 품는, 소중히 하는 chest: 가슴, 궤, 금고, 밀폐 용기, 상자, 큰상자, 흉곽, 장롱, 자금, 가슴 속, 흉중 chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선 childbearing: 해산, 분만, 출산, 출산 가능한, 출산의 childhood: 초기 단계, 유년기.어림, 어린시절, 유년, 유년 시대, 초기의 시대, 어린 시절 childish: 어린애 같은, 유치한, 어린이 같은, 어른답지 못한, 앳된, 아동의, 어른이 같은 chill: 오한, 냉기, 차가운, 한기, 춥게 하다, 냉담한, 냉장하다, 냉랭한, 풀죽음, 추위에 떨고 있는, 냉담 chilled: 냉장한, 냉각한, 냉강된, 냉경한, 칠드 주물의, 차가워진

choked: 메인, 숨막히는, 진저리난, 막힌 choler: 성마름, 담즙, 부뚱이, 울화, 노여움 choleric: 성마른, 화 잘내는, 담즙질의, 잘 불 끈거리는 chose: 재산, 물, 물건 cicero: 로마의 정치가, 케케로, 키케로 circuit: 순회, 주위, 우회, 범위, 정기적 순회, 회로, 서킷, 다이아몬드, 체인, 회선, 흥행 계통 circumcise: 할례를 베풀다, 번뇌를 없애고 마음을 깨끗이 하다, 포피를 잘라내다, 할례를 행하다, 음핵포피를 잘라내다, 깨끗이 하다 circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, 부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 어마어마함 circus: 서커스, 곡예, 곡마단, 원형의 네거리, 쾌활하고 떠들썩한 것, 원형 흥행장, 원형 광장, 고대 로마의 원형 경기장, 재미있는 사람, 크고 화려한 안경, 법석댐 citizen: 시민, 공민, 주민, 민간인, 국민, 단조롭고 보수적인 그룹에 속해 있는 사람, 공민권, 도시인, 융통성이 없는 딱딱한 사람, 인민, 일반인 clasp: 껴안다, 죔쇠, 악수, 포옹, 에 휘감기다, 꽉 쥐다, 꼭 쥐다, 버클, 걸쇠, 전투 기장, 쥠 classics: 고전 clave: 클라베스 clay: 점토, 육체, 찰흙, 자질, 흙, 인격, 인품, 사기담뱃대, 천성, 진흙, 인체 cleanse: 청결하게 하다, 고치다, 씻어 깨끗이 하다, 세척하다, 숙청하다, 씻다, 제거하다, 청결히 하다, 깨끗이 하다, 정화하다 cleansing: 정화, 깨끗이 하는, 깨끗이 함, 깨끗이함, 쓸어버린 쓰레기, 후산, 정화하는, 죄를 씻음, 청소, 청결 clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함 cleave: 헤치며 나아가다, 헤치며 날아가다, 쪼개다, 부착하다, 고수하다, 분열시키다, 쪼개지다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 가르며 나아가다, 격리하다 climb: 오르다, 오르는 곳, 기어오르다, 타다, 급히 입다, 감기어 뻗어 오르다, 승진, 승진하다, 오름, 떠오르다, 상승 cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실,

Augustine 가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 외투, 소매 없는 외투 clog: 막다, 방해하다, 무겁게 하다, 무거운 통나무를 달다, 막히다, 나막신 춤을 추다, 나막신, 막히게 하다, 괴롭히다, 괴롭게 하다, 무거운통나무 closing: 마감, 폐쇄, 마지막의, 종결, 결산, 결산의, 폐점, 마감하는, 밀폐, 폐회의, 종장의 clothe: 덮다, 부여하다, 싸다, 입히다, 표현하다, 의복을지급하다, 입다, 주다, 의복을 몸에 걸치다, 의복을 걸치다, 몸에걸치다 clothing: 의류, 덮개, 돛 cloud: 구름, 흐림, 더럽히다, 구름 무늬로 아로새기다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐리다, 흐리게 하다, 애매하게 만들다, 부드러운 스카프, 먼지, 어둠 cloudiness: 우울, 흐림, 운량, 몽롱함, 둔함, 음침함, 침울, 흐린 하늘, 흐린날씨, 구름무늬 cloudy: 흐린, 언짢은, 구름의, 몽롱한, 의미가 흐릿한, 구름이 많은, 탁한, 흐릿한, 흐림이 있는, 애매한, 기분이 좋지 못한 cloven: 갈라진, 째진 cogitation: 사고, 숙고, 고안, 명상, 사고력, 생각 collect: 쌓이다, 모으다, 수집하다, 가지러 가다, 본기도, 집중하다, 징수하다, 모이다, 기부금을 모집하다, 특도, 선불로 collected: 모은, 침착한, 수집한, 태연자약 collectively: 집단적으로 coloured: 색의, 착색한, 수상쩍은, 과장한, 유색인, 채색되어 있는, 문장을 꾸민, 유색의 colouring: 채색, 색조, 착색, 착색제, 혈색 colours: 그림 물감, 색 리본, 입장, 군기 combine: 결합시키다, 겸하다, 기업합동, 연합, 결합하다, 콤바인, 화합시키다, 도당, 아우르다, 아울러가지다, 연합시키다 combined: 결합된, 화합한, 연합의, 합동의 comely: 적당한, 알맞은, 걸맞는, 자색이고운, 아름다운, 어울리는, 얼굴이 잘생긴, 미모의, 얼굴이 잘 생긴 comfort: 위로, 위안하다, 낙, 위로가 되는 사람, 이불, 즐거움, 편안하게 하다, 생활을 즐겁게 해 주는 것, 마음 편안함, 원조하다, 안락 comforter: 이불, 고무 젖꼭지, 위안을

주는 사람, 털목도리, 성령, 위안물, 위안자, 위안하는 사람, 조붓하고 긴 털실 목도리, 위안을 주는 것 comforting: 기분을 돋우는, 격려하는, 위안이 되는, 기분을 돋구는 command: 지휘하다, 명령, 지배하다, 지휘, 명하다, 의 값어치가 있다, 지배력, 장악지, 차지하고 있다, 명령하다, 조망 commander: 사령관, 지휘관, 지휘자, 해군 중령, 경시장, 상급 훈작사, 부함장 commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는, 당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 유리한 장소를 차지한 commandment: 계율, 명령, 계명, 명령권, 지령, 지휘권 commands: 명령 commencement: 개시, 대학 졸업식, 학사 학위수여식, 학위수여식, 졸업식, 대학 일 commend: 추천하다, 칭찬하다, 권하다, 기리다, 맡기다, 위탁하다 commendable: 칭찬할 만한, 훌륭한, 기특한, 권장할 수 있는 commiserate: 동정하다, 불쌍히 여기다, 가엾게 여기다, 불쌍하게 생각하다, 가엽이 여기다 commit: 위탁하다, 범하다, 몸을 맡기다, 맡기다, 위원회에 회부하다, 감금하다, 수용하다, 손상하다, 속박하다, 떠맡다, 넣다 committed: 언질을 주어, 헌신적인, 전렴하는, 꼼짝못할 입장이 되어, 명확한 태도를 가진, 약속하여, 전념하는 commonly: 일반적으로, 보통으로, 천하게, 보통, 통속적으로, 싸구려로 communicate: 통신하다, 전하다, 나누다, 통해 있다, 전염시키다, 전달하다, 의사를 소통하다, 성찬을 주다, 성찬을 받다, 감염시키다, 교통하다 compact: 계약, 아담한, 간결한, 굳히다, 소형 자동차, 치밀한, 으로 된, 계약을 맺다, 콤팩트, 꽉 들어찬, 구성하다 companion: 동료, 동무, 동반자, 갑판 승강구의 덮개문, 말동무, 안내서, 이야기 상대로 고용된 여자, 짝, 천창, 최하위 훈작사, 패 compare: 비교하다, 비유하다, 비교, 맞 견주다, 대조하다, 견줌, 에 비기다, 이나 마찬가지이다, 참조하다, 필적하다, 견주다 comparison: 비교, 비유, 유사, 비김, 필적, 대조, 비교변화 compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계,

273 달성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 돌다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다, 포위하다 compassion: 동정, 연민, 측은히 여김, 동정심 compassionate: 인정 많은, 특별 배려에 의한, 측은히 여기다, 온정적인, 동정하다, 동정적인, 동정심 있는, 정상을 참작한, 자비로운 compendiously: 간결하게, 간명하게 complain: 호소하다, 고소하다, 불평하다, 슬픈 소리를 내다, 하소연하다, 투덜거리다, 불평을하다, 불만을 털어놓다, 신음하다, 앓다, 푸념하다 complaints: 불만 compliance: 순종, 응낙, 컴플라이언스, 승낙, 응락, 친절, 추종 compose: 짓다, 구성하다, 조립하다, 조정하다, 작곡하다, 식자하다, 안치하다, 작문하다, 짜맞추다, 가다듬다, 쓰다 composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 차분한 composing: 진정시키는, 작곡, 조립, 식자, 식자 식자의 compound: 혼합하다, 복합어, 화해시키다, 합성하다, 복리로 하다, 울안, 중문의, 타협하다, 합성의, 혼합물, 화합한 comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함축하다 comprise: 이루어지다, 포함하다, 이루다, 의미하다, 구성되다, 품다 conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로 하다, 내색하지 않다 concealed: 숨기는 conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다 conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다 conceiving: 상상하는 것 concentrated: 집중된, 농축한, 응집된, 집중한 conception: 임신, 구상, 착상, 개념, 태아, 창안, 생각, 고안, 계획, 개념작용, 개념 작용 concerning: 에 관하여, -에 관하여 concernment: 관계, 걱정, 관여, 근심, 중요성, 중대, 관계하고 있는 일, 업무, 우려, 중대성 conclude: 체결하다, 끝내다, 말을 맺다, 끝나다, 결론을 내리다, 마치다, 결론하다, 결말짓다,

274

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

결정하다, 마무리하다, 추단하다 concord: 협화음, 일치, 화합, 협약, 호응, 협정, 화현, 콩코드 포도, 콩코드, 조화, 우호협정 concubinage: 첩의 신분, 축첩, 동서, 정신적 굴종, 첩을 둠, 내연관계, 축첨의 풍습, 축첨 concubine: 첩, 내연의 처, 처 concupiscence: 색욕, 정욕, 탐욕, 음욕, 욕정, 욕망, 현세욕 condemnation: 비난, 비난의 근거, 선고의 근거, 불량품 판정, 불량품선고, 죄의선고, 몰수선고, 죄의 선고, 유죄의 결정, 유죄판결, 불량품 선고 condemned: 저주받은, 유죄 선고를 받은, 사형수의, 몰수학로 된, 유죄선고를 받은, 사용 부적으로 판정된, 몰수로 정해진, 구제할 길 없는, 몰수하기로 된 condensed: 간결한, 농축한, 요약한, 압축된 condole: 조위하다, 문상하다, 조상하다, 동정하다, 위안하다 confer: 수여하다, 주다, 협의하다, 회담하다, 의논하다, 비교하라 confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 자공하다, 공언하다 confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된, 인정받은, 자인한 confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서 confidentially: 심복으로 confidently: 대담하게, 자신 있게, 자신만만하게, 확신하여, 확신을 갖고 confiding: 곧잘 믿는, 믿기 쉬운, 믿어버리고 있는, 신뢰하는 confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계, 제한하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위, 억류, 영역, 제한, 국경 confined: 갇힌, 외출이 금지된, 좁은, 한정된, 해산 자리에 누워 confirm: 확인하다, 추인하다, 견진례를 베풀다, 견고히 하다, 굳게하다, 확립하다, 강하게하다, 확실하게하다, 확증하다, 확실하게 하다 confirmed: 확인된, 굳어버린, 만성인, 만성의, 비준된, 뿌리깊은, 상습적인, 손댈 수 없는, 완고한, 확립된 conflicting: 모순되는, 서로 싸우는, 충돌하는, 일치하지 않는, 서로 다투는, 상충되는, 상반하는 conform: 따르다, 국교를 준봉하다, 합치하다, 순응하다, 따르게하다, 맞게하다, 일치하다, 적합시키다,

따르게 하다, 맞게 하다 conformably: 유순히, 일치하여 conformity: 적합, 일치, 비슷함, 따름, 상사, 신봉, 부합 confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기랄 망할 자식 confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한, 괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는 confused: 혼란스러운, 당황한, 혼란한, 어리둥절한, 지리멸렬한, 낭패한 confusedly: 지리멸렬하게, 어찌할 바를 몰라, 뒤범벅으로, 당황하여, 혼란스럽게 confute: 논박하다, 논파하다, 끽소리 못하게 하다 congratulation: 축하, 경하, 축사 conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판독, 판독하다 conjugal: 부부의, 결혼의, 혼인의 conquer: 정복하다, 극복하다, 손아귀에 넣다, 억누르다, 획득하다, 승리를얻다, 타파하다, 공략하다, 이가다, 승리를 얻다 conquered: 패자, 피정복자 conquering: 정복하는 conscience: 양심, 도의심, 선악의 관념 conscious: 의식하고 있는, 을 강하게 의식하는, 지각이 있는, 알아채고 있는, 알아채어, 의식, 의식있는, 의식적인, 자각하고 있는, 자의식이 강한, 정신이 있는 consciousness: 의식, 자각, 지각, 감지, 심상 consecrate: 바치다, 성직에 임명하다, 신성하게 하다, 봉헌하다, 하느님에게바치다, 성별하다, 성화하다, 을 바치다, 정화하다, 축성하다, 성별의 consecration: 헌신, 봉헌, 신성화, 헌당, 정진, 정화, 축성, 성변화, 성직서품식, 헌당식 consent: 동의, 동의하다, 승낙하다, 승낙, 동의자, 찬성하다, 일치 considering: 치고는, 을 생각하면, 비교적, 그런대로, 에 비해서, 이므로, 을 고려하면, 고려한다면 consist: 양립하다, 에 있다, 일치하다, 에 존재하다, 되어있다, 로되다, 일관성, 이루어져 있다, 농도, 되어 있다, 견실성 consistent: 일관된, 언행이 일치된, 철저한, 시종 일관돼 있는, 견실한, 견실히, 모순없는, 일치하는, 모순이

없는, 지조있는 consistently: 모순 없이, 일관하여 consolation: 위로, 위자, 위안이 되는 것, 위안이 되는것, 위안, 위안의, 위문의 conspiracy: 음모, 공동모의, 공모, 동시발생, 모의, 불법공모, 음모단, 불법 공모 constantly: 끊임없이, 항상, 빈번히, 노상, 자주, 변함없이 constitute: 제정하다, 구성하다, 임명하다, 선정하다, 설립하다, 한 성질이다, 선임하다, 구성요소가 되다 constrain: 억누르다, 억제하다, 감금하다, 강제하다, 강요하다, 압박하다, 속박하다, 억지로 ...시키다 constrained: 무리한, 강제적인, 갑갑한, 강제된, 거북살스러운, 압박당한 constraint: 강제, 속박, 거북스러움, 억압, 어색함, 압박, 조심스러움 consult: 고려하다, 상의하다, 참고하다, 찾다, 의견을 묻다, 조사하다, 의견을 듣다, 상담하다, 진찰을 받다, 의논하다, 컨설턴트 직을 맡다 consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의, 잔찰을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의 consume: 소비하다, 다하다, 소멸하다, 소멸시키다, 바싹 여위게 하다, 소비되다, 마음을 좀먹다, 다써버리다, 다 먹어버리다, 소모하다, 낭비하다 consuming: 소비하는, 여위게 하는, 태워버리는, 다 태워버리는, 애태우는, 여위게하는, 태워 버리는 consumption: 소비, 소모, 폐병, 소진, 소비의, 소비량, 소모병, 결핵, 폐병의 contagion: 전염병, 전염력, 감염, 감화력, 나쁜 감화, 접촉전염, 폐풍, 접촉 전염 contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운 contemn: 경멸하다, 모멸하다 contemplate: 예기하다, 응시하다, 정관하다, 기도하다, 하려고생각하다, 눈여겨보다, 명상하다, 묵상하다, 숙고하다, 심사숙고하다, 심사하다 contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상, 묵상, 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄, 정관, 기도 contemporary: 현대의, 와 같은 시대의, 같은 시대의 사람, 그당시의, 같은 나이의, 같은시대의, 같은시대의 신문, 최신의, 같은 시대의, 같은 연배의 사람, 동기생

Augustine contempt: 치욕, 경멸, 모욕, 멸시, 모멸, 수치, 업신여김, 창피, 모욕죄 contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한, 멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한, 천시할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한 만한 contend: 다투다, 논쟁하다, 주장하다, 항쟁하다, 투쟁하다, 싸우다, 경쟁하다, 경쟁자, 주장자, 논쟁자 contented: 만족하고 있는, 흡족해 하는, 달갑게 하는, 만족한 contention: 논쟁, 투쟁, 논쟁점, 말다툼, 논전, 주장, 경쟁 contentious: 다투기 좋아하는, 소송의, 논쟁하기 좋아하는, 이론이 분분한 말썽이있는, 걸핏하면 싸우려 드는, 계쟁의 contentment: 만족, 흡족해함, 만족함 continence: 절제, 금욕, 정조, 극기, 배설억제능력, 자제 continent: 대륙, 본토, 육지, 성욕을 절제하는, 자제심이 있는, 금욕의, 극기의, 정숙한, 자제하여, 배설 억제 능력이 있는, 금욕적인 continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인 continually: 빈번히, 줄곧, 계속해서, 끊임없이, 계속적으로 continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 존속, 연기, 계속 기간 contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한, 수축된 contradict: 모순되다, 부정하다, 반박하다, 반대하다, 부인하다 contradiction: 부정, 모순, 부인, 상반, 반박, 모순된 말, 당착, 반대 contradictory: 모순된, 정반대의 사물, 부정적 주장, 반박론, 반박적인, 모순 대당, 모순대당, 야립치 않는, 양립하지 않는, 자가 당착의, 자가당착의 contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의 contrite: 죄를 깊이 뉘우치는, 죄를 뉘우친 contrition: 뉘우침, 회오, 회한 controversy: 논쟁, 논의, 논전 convenient: 편리한, 에 가까운, 형편이 좋은, 손쉬운, 형편이좋은, 간편한 손쉽고 편리한, 사용하기 좋은, 부근에 conventicle: 비밀집회소, 비국교도의 비밀 집회, 집회소, 비밀집회 conventionally: 진부하게, 인습적으로, 판에 박은 듯이

converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐, 전환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께 이야기하다, 역, 거꾸로의, 이야기하다, 회화 conversion: 전환, 개종, 전향, 횡령, 환산, 변환, 차환, 변설, 환위, 이자를 원금에 가산하기, 바꿔짐 convert: 횡령하다, 개종자, 바꾸다, 추가 득점을 하다, 추가 득점이 되다, 차환하다, 전환하다, 변화하다, 변하게 하다, 개심시키다, 개심자 converted: 전환된, 개장한, 개종한 convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 나타내다, 운반하다, 시사하다 convict: 죄인, 죄수, 유죄를 입증하다, 유죄를 선고하다, 기결수, 유죄를증명하다, 죄를 깨닫게 하다 convicted: 유죄를 선고하는, 유죄를 입증하는, 죄를 깨닫게 하는 convinced: 확신을 가진, 신념이 있는 copious: 풍부한, 내용이 풍부한, 많은, 말수가많은, 말이 많은, 자세히 서술하는, 막대한 corn: 옥수수, 밀, 티눈, 곡물, 낟알, 못, 귀리, 감상적인 음악, 곡초, 뿔이 있는의 뜻, 소금을 뿌리다 corporeal: 유형의, 물질적인, 신체상의, 육체적인, 형이하의, 육체의 corporeally: 물질적으로 corpse: 시체, 송장 correction: 정정, 교정, 보정, 질책, 첨삭, 수정, 징계, 벌, 바로잡음 correspondence: 일치, 서신왕래, 통신, 상응, 조화, 해당, 편지, 왕복서한, 왕복문서, 상당, 대응 corresponding: 대응하는, 일치하는, 상응하는, 통신의, 유사한, 서신내왕하는, 통신 관계의 corrigible: 교정할 수 있는, 교정하기 쉬운, 교정할수있는, 유순한 corrupt: 타락시키다, 타락한, 개악하다, 오염된, 매수하다, 순수성을 잃은, 부정한, 뇌물이 통하는, 믿을 수 없는, 부도덕한, 전와된 corruptible: 부패하기 쉬운, 타락하기 쉬운, 뇌물이 통하는 corruption: 부패, 타락, 전와, 순수성 상실, 개악, 매수, 폐풍, 퇴폐, 부정, 변조, 독직 corruptly: 부패하여, 타락하여, 전와하여, 전와되어 cottage: 시골집, 단층집, 작은 별장, 작은 집, 작은주택, 교외주택, 작은 주택, 오두막집, 직립식 소형 피아노 couch: 침상, 눕다, 초자체 전위를 시술하다, 띄우다, 쌓이다, 말로

275 표현하다, 못자리, 잠복하다, 누이다, 침석, 휴식처 councillor: 참사관, 고문관, 의원, 평의원 counsel: 상담, 협의, 계획, 충고, 조언하다, 변호사, 결심, 법률고문, 사려, 조언, 평의 count: 세다, 계산, 수를 세다, 백작, 중요하다, 셈, 계산하다, 고려, 박자를 맞추다, 카운트, 셈되다 countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지 counterfeit: 위조하다, 흉내내다, 모조의, 모조품, 모조하다, 허위의, 위조의, 위조 물건, 와 아주 흡사하다, 위작, 속이다 countryman: 동향인, 촌사람, 지방의 주민, 같은 나라 사람, 시골사람, 동포 courage: 용기, 담력, 용감, 배짱 coursing: 사냥개를 부리는 사냥, 토끼 사냥 courteously: 정중하게 courtesy: 호의, 예의, 예의상의, 정중함, 우대, 친절, 우대의, 공손, 인사, 정중한 행위, 특별 대우 courtly: 아첨하는, 공손한, 아첨하여, 품위있는, 품위 있게, 점잖은, 우아한, 예의바른, 기품있는, 궁정풍으로, 궁정의 covenant: 계약하다, 계약, 서약, 계약 조항, 맹약, 날인증서, 날인 증서 계약, 날인 증서 covenanted: 계약한 covetous: 몹시 탐내는, 탐욕스러운, 열망하는 cower: 움츠리다, 움츠러들다, 웅크리다, 위축하다 crafty: 교활한, 교묘한, 간사한, 나쁜 꾀가 많은, 간사하게 creator: 창조자, 조물주, 역 창조자, 하느님, 창작자, 창설자, 신, 수작자, 고안자, 천제 creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당하는 자, 여자, 부하 credence: 신용, 제구대, 신임 credibility: 진실성, 신용, 신뢰성, 신빙성, 믿을수 있음, 믿을 수 있음 credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신, 쉽게 믿음 creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다 creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는,

276

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의, 은밀한 crooked: 부정직한, 마음이 비뚤어진, 구부러진, 기형의, 비뚤어진, 부정하게, 부정수단으로 얻은, 허리가 구부러진, 뒤틀린, 꼬부라진, 굴곡된 crookedly: 구부러져서, 부정하게 crossed: 횡선을 그은, 십자모양으로 놓은, 열십자로 된, 방해된, 방해되는, 교차한, 교차된, 가로 세로로 글씨를 쓴, 교차 crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는, 왕위에 오른, 관식을 단 crucifixion: 십자가에 못박음, 큰 시련, 고난, 그 그림, 삽자가에 못박힌 예수, 그리스도를 십자가에 못박음 cruel: 잔인한, 심한, 잔혹한, 아주, 몹시, 지독하게, 무정한, 무참한, 비차만, 비참한, 지독한 cruelty: 잔학, 잔인한 행위, 끔찍함, 잔혹, 학대, 잔인성, 무자비 cry: 부르짖다, 울다, 외침, 고함, 애원하다, 엉엉 울다, 큰소리로 부르다, 큰소리로 알리다, 외치다, 울며...하다, 함성 crying: 외치는, 긴급한, 울부짖는, 심한, 좌시할 수없는, 지독한 cubit: 완척, 큐빗자, 팔꿈치의 cud: 새김질감, 씹는 담배의 한 조각, 되새김질 cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된, 개간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된, 교양 있는 cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운, 노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음 cupidity: 탐욕, 욕심 curb: 구속, 억제하다, 재갈을 물리다, 정자 테, 비절후종, 장외 시장, 연석을 깔다, 연석, 재갈, 장외 시장의 중개인들, 고삐 cure: 치유, 치료하다, 고치다, 치료, 양생하다, 치료법, 영혼의 구제, 목사직, 낫다, 가황, 가황하다 curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함, 진기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것 curious: 이상한, 호기심이 강한, 진서인, 면밀한, 묘한, 호기심을 끄는, 진기한, 정성들인, 캐기 좋아하는, 외설한, 알고 싶어하는 curiously: 호기심에서, 기묘하게, 지독하게, 신기한 듯이, 진기한듯이, 기묘하게도 curtailment: 단축, 삭감, 줄임 custom: 풍습, 습관, 관습, 세관, 애고,

관세, 규칙, 관례, 고객, 단골, 돌봐줌 customs: 세관 cutting: 예리한, 신랄한, 절단, 싸게 파는, 자른 가지, 필름 편집, 통렬한, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운, 깎고 가는 가공, 오려낸 것 cyprian: 음탕한, 매춘부, 키프로스 섬 사람, 음탕한 여자, 키프로스섬의, 키프로스 섬 사람의, 사랑의 여신 베뉴스의, 키프로스 섬의, 베뉴스의 숭배자 damnable: 지겨운, 저주받을 만한, 저주할, 가증한, 경칠 놈의 dare: 도전하다, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 모험적으로 해보다, 감히 ~ 하다, 용기가 있다, 도전, 무릅쓰다 darkly: 어둡게, 음울하게, 모호하게, 비밀히, 험악하게, 희미하게, 거무스름하게, 넌지시, 막연히, 음침하게, 은밀히 darkness: 어둠, 암흑, 무지, 설명, 애매, 불명료, 맹목, 흑심 darksome: 음울한, 어스레한, 어둑한, 방송되지 않은, 흐린, 일음이 흐린, 우둔한, 어두운, 애매한, 뱃속 검은, 광명이 없는 dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 소침한, 지독히 daughter-in-law: 며느리, 의붓딸 dawn: 밝아지다, 새벽, 동이 트다, 여명, 나타나기 시작하다, 날이새다, 동틀녁, 동틀영, 시초, 날이 새다 daybreak: 새벽, 동틀녘 deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 같은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 죽은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, 살려둘 수 없는 deaf: 귀머거리의, 들으려 하지 않는, 귀머거리들, 귀를 기울이지 않는 deafen: 귀먹게 하다, 큰 소리를 줄이다, 귀머거리로 만들다, 들리지 않게 하다, 방음 장치를 하다, 귀가 들리지 않게 하다 deafness: 귀먹음, 귀머거리, 귀를 기울이지 않음 debtor: 차주채무자, 차변, 꾼 사람, 채무자 decay: 부패하다, 부패, 썩다, 쇠미하다, 쇠미, 쇠하다, 부식하다, 자연 붕괴하다, 부식, 부패시키다 deceased: 고, 죽은, 고인, 사망한 deceit: 사기, 거짓, 허위, 거짓의, 책략, 부실 deceitful: 거짓의, 기만적인, 속이는, 사기의 deceive: 속이다, 미혹시키다, 사기하다 deceived: 사기하는

deception: 속임, 속은 상태, 야바위, 기만 수단 declamation: 낭독법, 음악 음창조, 웅변을 토함, 연설법, 낭독, 연설 declare: 언명하다, 선언하다, 성명하다, 신고하다, 공언하다, 언명해 놓고 그만두다, 신고하다공언하다, 단언하다, 나타내다, 알리다, 포고하다 declared: 공공연한, 숨김 없는, 공언한, 언명한, 신고한, 선언한 decline: 기울다, 쇠약병, 기욺, 쇠비, 사퇴하다, 물가의 하락, 쇠하다, 늘그막, 아래로 향하게 하다, 기울어, 경사 decree: 법령, 포고하다, 포고, 명영, 정하다, 명하다, 판결, 판결-명하다, 법원의 명령, 신의, 법령을 포고하다 decrepit: 노쇠한, 덜거덕거리는 dedicate: 바치다, 봉납하다, 증정하다, 공공용으로 제공하다, 공식으로 개관하다, 헌납하다, 헌정하다 dedicated: 일신을 바친, 오로지 특정한 목적을 위한, 전용의 deed: 행위, 실행, 행동, 업적, 증서 deem: 생각하다, 으로 생각하다 deeply: 철저히, 짙게, 깊이, 굵고 낮게, 대단히, 심각하게, 교묘히 deepness: 현묘, 깊이, 심오, 오묘, 모음, 깊음, 심도 deep-seated: 뿌리 깊은, 뿌리깊은, 심층 부의, 심층부의, 고질적인, 만성의 defection: 배반, 변절, 부족, 탈당, 저버림 defective: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 활용형의 일부가 없는, 결점이 있는, 지능적으로 표준 이하인, 모자라는 점이 있는, 결함이 있는 defender: 방어자, 피고인, 옹호자, 선수권 보유자, 피고 deferred: 거치한, 연기한, 연기된 defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종대로 시키다, 애로 define: 정의를 내리다, 명확히 하다, 한계를 정하다, 규정짓다, 밝히다, 특징짓다 definite: 명확한, 뚜렷한, 일정한, 한정된, 한정하는 definitely: 명확히, 확실히, 한정적으로, 틀림없이, 명백히, 절대로...아니다 deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진 deformity: 추함, 결함, 불구, 신체 장애자, 기형, 신체의 기형 부분 degraded: 타락한, 퇴화한, 부패한, 저하한 deity: 신, 여신, 신성, 하느님, 신위,

Augustine 신적 존재 delay: 유예, 지연, 늦게하다, 지연시키다, 지체하다, 연기하다늦어지다, 연기하다, 늦어지다, 지체하다-지연, 지연 기간, 우물쭈물하다 delayed: 뒤 늦은, 지발의 deliberate: 숙고하다, 신중한, 유유한, 협의하다, 고의의, 심의하다, 찬찬한 deliberation: 숙고, 심의, 신중, 신중함, 고의 delight: 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 즐기다, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌, 기쁘게 하는 것, 매우 기쁘게 하다 delighted: 기쁜, 매우 즐거운 delightful: 매우 기쁜, 즐거운 delightsome: 매우 기쁜 deliver: 배달하다, 구해내다, 연설을 하다, 넘겨주다, 석방을 하다, 분만하다, 후보자을 위하여 표를 모으다, 분만시키다, 넘겨 주다, 가하다, 해방시키다 delivered: 인도의 demander: 요구자, 청구자, 수요자 demanding: 요구가 지나친, 지나친 요구를 하는, 큰 노력을 요하는, 많은 것을 요구하는 demonstrate: 논증하다, 시위운동을하다, 실물선전하다, 표시하다, 증명하다, 실지 교수로 가르치다, 시위 운동을 하다, 시위 데모를 하다, 설명하다, 군사력을 과시하다, 실물로 선전하다 deny: 부정하다, 면회를 거절하다, 거절하다, 부인하다 depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다 departed: 죽은, 과거의, 고인, 지나간, 죽은사람 departure: 이탈, 출발, 발차, 변경, 출발의, 동서 거리, 새 발전, 사망 depend: 의지하다, 믿다, 의존하다, 종속하다, 매달리다, 나름이다, 미결이다 depraved: 타락한 deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들, 불우한 depth: 깊이, 깊은 곳, 세로길이, 농로, 농도, 깊숙이 들어간 곳, 깊숙함, 짙음, 한창때, 깊은 맛 depths: 깊은 곳 deride: 조롱하다, 비웃다 derision: 비웃음, 경멸, 조롱, 조소거리 derive: 기원을 더듬다, 기원을 발하다, 에 유래하다, 을 끌어내다, 파생하다, 유래를 더듬다, 유래하다 derived: 유래된, 파생된

descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, 지평선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 내리받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 움직이다, 계통을 잇다 descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향의 descent: 내리받이, 상속, 하강, 가계, 내리받이 길, 강하, 가문, 급습, 세습, 한 세대, 혈통 deserted: 버림받은, 사람이 살지 않는, 활페한, 황폐한 deserts: 당연한 응보 deserve: 값어치가 있다, 받을 만하다, 할 만하다 deserved: 당연한 deservedly: 당연히 deserving: 받을 가치가 있는, 보상받을 만한, 원조 받을 만한 desired: 옳은, 훌륭한, 바랐던, 희망했던 desirous: 원하는, 바라는 despair: 절망, 절망의 근원, 절망하다, 자포자기 despairing: 절망적인, 필사의, 자포자기한 desperate: 필사적인, 자포자기의, 절망적인, 터무니없는, 극도의 despise: 경멸하다 destined: 예정된, 운명지어진, 향하는 destroy: 멸하다, 파괴하다, 폐하다, 죽이다, 망치다, 논파하다, 소실시키다 destruction: 파괴, 멸망, 절멸, 파멸의 원인 detached: 떨어진, 분견된, 공평한, 분리된, 초연한 detain: 말리다, 억류하다, 붙들다, 감금하다, 구류하다, 유치하다, 을 못가게 붙들다 detest: 미워하다, 싫어하다, 혐오하다 detriment: 손해, 상해 devil: 악마, 악인, 하청일을 하다, 짓찢다, 괴롭히다, 고기에 후추를 발라 굽다, 비상한 정력가, 비상한 정력가-고기에 후추를 발라 굽다, 괴상한 우상, 지독한, 제기랄 devilish: 극도의, 악마같은, 극악무도한, 지독한, 악마 같은 devoted: 헌신적인, 골몰하여, 저주받은, 몸을 바친, 애정이 깊은, 열애하는, 골몰하는, 헌납된 devotion: 귀의, 헌신, 애착, 전념, 기도, 전렴 devotions: 기도 devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다,

277 게걸스레 먹다 devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한, 독실한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는, 믿음이 깊은 devoutly: 경건하게, 독실하게, 성실하게, 열정적으로, 절실히, 충심으로 devoutness: 절실하는 것 dew: 이슬이 내리다, 이슬방울, 이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내리다이슬로 적시다, 이슬이 내린다, 이슬, 신선함, 이슬로 젖다 dialogue: 대화, 문답, 대화 부분, 의견 교환, 대화체, 대화하다, 대화체의 작품 dido: 까불기, 불평, 술, 하잘 것 없는 물건 dies: 날, 일 differ: 의견을 달리하다, 다르다, 논쟁하다 differently: 다르게, 같지 않게, 따로, 그렇지 않게, 별도로, 달리 diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진 digest: 소화하다, 참다, 납득하다, 이해하다, 요약하다, 요약, 간추리다, 적요, 삭다-요약, 간추리다소화되다, 삭다 dignity: 존엄, 위엄, 관록, 품위, 체면에 관계되다, 위풍, 위계, 고위 인사 diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차, 근민, 합승 마차 diligent: 부지런한, 근면한 diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히 dimensions: 넓이 diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다 diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진, 반음 줄인, 감손된 diminishing: 점감하는, 차츰 줄어드는, 체감하는 diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소, 가늘어짐 din: 소음, 뇌고 되뇌이다, 소음이 나다, 소음으로 멍멍하게 하다, 귀를 멍멍하게 하다, 울리다 dining-room: 식당 directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은 disappear: 소실하다, 소멸하다, 안 보이게 되다, 사라지다 discern: 분간하다, 지각하다, 인식하다, 차이를 알다, 뚜렷하게 인식하다, 보고 분간하다, 식별하다 discerning: 명민한, 시별력이 있는, 분별력이 있는, 식별력 있는 사람들, 식별력이 있는, 통찰력이 있는 discharge: 발사하다, 방전, 방출하다, 이행하다, 방전하다, 해임, 짐을부리다, 번지다, 해고, 해고하다,

278

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

발사 disciple: 사도, 제자, 그리스도의 열두사도의 한 사람, 문하생 discipline: 훈련, 징계하다, 규율, 훈육, 제어, 훈련하다, 징계, 징계훈련하다, 억제, 학과, 단련하다 disclose: 털어놓다, 노출시키다, 나타내다, 발표하다, 폭로하다, 드러내다 discomfort: 불쾌하게 하다, 불편을 주다, 불쾌 discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 불만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 있는 discord: 불일치, 불협화음, 일치하지 않다, 불화하다, 부조화, 불화, 협화하지 않다 discordant: 조화하지 않는, 충돌하는, 불화한, 귀에 거슬리는, 일치하지 않는, 부정합의, 불협화음의 discourage: 낙담시키다, 용기를 잃게하다, 방해하다, 용기를 잃게 하다 discourse: 담화, 논설, 설교, 이야기, 강연, 강연하다, 논술하다, 강화 discover: 발견하다, 밝히다, 찾아내다, 나타내다, 발견자, 내색하다 discoverable: 눈에 보이는, 발견할 수 있는 discovery: 발견물, 발견, 발표 요구 수속, 줄거리의 전개 discreet: 사려가 깊은, 신중한, 분별 있는, 분별있는, 지각있는, 사려있는 discreetly: 분별있게, 사려깊은, 신중하게 discretion: 신중, 행동의 자유, 분별, 사려, 자유 재량, 마음대로, 분별 연령, 판단의 자유, 선택의 자유 diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린 disengage: 해방하다, 풀다, 관계를 끊다, 떨어지다, 중지하다, 접속을 풀다, 연결을 풀다, 교전을 중지하다, 연결이 풀리다 disentangle: 엉킨것을 풀다, 풀다, 풀리다 disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된 disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신 disguised: 속임수의, 술취한, 변장한 disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움, 정떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다역겨움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다 disgusted: 메스꺼워찌게 하는 dishes: 식탁용 접시류 dishonour: 굴욕, 불명예, 치욕, 정조를 범하다, 인수거절, 의 명예를

손상시키다, 어기다, 수칫거리, 지불거절, 의 명예를 더럽히다 dismiss: 물리치다, 기각하다, 떠나게하다, 면직시키다, 물러가라고 말하다, 해산시키다, 버리다, 간단히 처리해 버리다, 해고하다, 퇴거시키다, 아웃시키다 disorder: 무질서, 혼란, 혼란시키다, 병들게하다, 부조, 불온, 어지럽히하 disordered: 혼란된, 병에 걸린, 고장난 dispel: 쫓아 버리다, 홑뜨리다, 흩뜨리다, 쫓아버리다 dispense: 조제하다, 특면하다, 면제하다, 분배하다, 실시하다, 시여 하다, 분배 하다 dispenser: 약제사, 분배자, 조제사, 시여하는 사람, 시여자, 자동 판매기 dispersed: 흩어진, 분산된, 분산한 dispersion: 분산, 산란, 분포, 산포, 흩뜨림 displease: 불쾌하게 하다, 성나게 하다 displeased: 화난 displeasing: 불쾌한, 싫은, 불유쾌한 dispose: 배치하다, 일의 성패를 결정하다, 처리하다, 충당하다, 할 마음이 나게 하다, 의 경향을 갖게 하다, 일의 추세를 결정하다 disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 생각이 있는 disposer: 찌꺼기처리 장치, 처리자 disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 처분, 배열 dispraise: 비난, 헐뜯기 disprove: 논박하다, 반박하다, 반증하다, 의 반증을 들다 dispute: 논쟁, 논쟁하다, 분쟁, 싸우다, 다투다, 의론하다, 의논하다, 반론하다, 겨루다, 논하다, 의심을 품다 disquiet: 불안, 불안하게 하다, 마음의 불안, 사회적 불안, 의 마음의 평온을 잃게 하는 disregard: 무시하다, 무시, 경시하다, 경시 dissent: 국교 반대, 의견을 달리하다, 이의를 말하다, 이의, 영국 교회에 반대하다, 불찬성, 다수 의견에 반대하는 의견, 국교에 반대하다 dissipated: 방탕한, 낭비된, 난봉부리는, 난봉피우는 dissipation: 낭비, 소산, 방탕, 난봉, 소실, 기분전환, 산재 dissolution: 해산, 용해, 분해, 해약, 해소, 붕괴, 사멸, 해체, 소멸 distill: 증류하다, 뚝뚝 듣다, 듣게 하다-뚝뚝 듣다, 듣게 하다 distilled: 증류한, 증류하여 얻은

distinct: 별개의, 다른, 명백한, 명확한, 장식된, 뚜렷한 distinction: 특질, 구별, 차별, 명예, 탁월, 쓸데없는 구별짓기, 특징, 차이, 저명, 유명해지다, 우수성 distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게 distinguish: 구별하다, 분류하다, 분간하다, 두르러지가하다, 수훈을 세우다, 이름을 떨치다, 구별이 되다, 구별하는, 판별하다, 두드러지게 하다, 식별하다 distinguished: 저명한, 고귀한, 상류의, 뛰어난, 수훈의, 기품 있는, 두드러진 distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는, 구별이 있는, 특색 있는 distract: 딴 데로 돌리다, 착란시키다, 어지럽히다, 괴롭히다, 빗가게 하다 distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간 distraction: 기분 전환, 주의 산만, 정신의 홀어짐, 오락, 광기, 불화, 정신이 흩어짐, 마음이 혼란 distress: 고난, 고통, 빈궁, 비탄, 고민, 심통, 피로하게 하다, 피로, 괴롭히다, 압류-괴롭히다, 압류 distribute: 분배하다, 분류하다, 분포하다, 확충하다, 주연하다, 배급하다, 확충시키다, 살포하다, 주연시키다, 해판하다 distributing: 분배의, 배급의 disturb: 방해하다, 어지럽히다, 소란하게 하다, 불안하게하다, 불안하게 하다, 소란하게하다, 교란하다, 저해하다, 침해하다 disturbed: 교란된, 정신장애자, 사란한, 산란한, 정서장애가 있는, 정서장애자, 정신장애가 있는 dive: 몰두, 몰두하다, 뛰어들다, 잠수, 갑자기없어지다, 다이빙, 급강하, 탐구, 짐수하다, 잠수시키다, 짜고 하는 녹아웃 divers: 약간의, 여러가지의, 몇 개의 diverse: 다른, 다양한, 여러가지의, 다른 종류의 diversely: 다양하게, 여러 가지로, 가지각색 diversity: 다양성, 다름, 다양한 인력, 상이, 여러 가지 divide: 분배하다, 분리하다, 나누다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 대립시키다, 표결하다, 표결하다-분수계, 분수계, 분류하다, 분계 divided: 분할된, 열개한, 갈라진, 분리된, 분배한, 각기 다른 dividing: 나누는, 구분적인 divination: 예언, 점, 전조, 예감 divine: 비범한, 신성한, 신의, 종교적인, 성직자, 예언하다, 신성의, 신수의, 알아채다, 점치다, 신학자

Augustine diving: 다이빙, 잠수업, 잠수의, 잠수 divinity: 신학, 신, 신성, 신의 힘, 신의 덕 docile: 가르치기쉬운, 유순한, 온순한 doctrine: 교의, 주의, 교리, 학설 doer: 행위자, 실행가, 발육하는 동물, 발육하는 식물 doings: 행동, 행실, 행사, 사건, 소행, 몸가짐 doleful: 슬픔엘 잠긴, 음침한, 서글픈 dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, 천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권 dormant: 잠자는, 활동휴지중인, 움직이지 않는, 휴지 상태에 있는 dost: 직설법, 현재 doth: 현재형, 직설법 doting: 맹목적으로 사랑하는, 노망한, 사랑에 빠진, 애지중지하는, 망령든, 지나치게 귀여워하는 doubtful: 의심스러운, 못 미더운, 불안한, 의심을 품고 있는 doubting: 의혹을 품고 있는, 불안한 doubtless: 확실히, 의심할 여지 없이, 의심 없는 downfall: 몰락, 낙하, 멸망, 호우, 쏟아짐, 함정의 일종 downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한 downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여, 아래쪽으로 dragging: 질질 끄는, 오래 걸리는, 질질 끄는 것, 오래 걸리는 것 dragon: 용, 감시인, 용자리, 엄격한 샤프롱, 엄격한샤프롱, 엄중한 감시인, 엄중한 여감시인, 용문, 장갑 트랙터, 사나운 사람, 마왕 draught: 선발하다, 기안하다, 기초하다, 끌다, 제도공으로서 기술을 연마하다 drawing: 그림, 발행, 제도, 달여내기, 데상, 선화, 칼을 빼기, 잡아늘이기, 그림의, 달이기 dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다, 걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건, 무서운 사람 dreadful: 무서운, 몹시 불쾌한, 따분한, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한 dream: 몽상, 꿈, 공상하다, 꿈꾸다, 매력 있는 사람, 아름다운 사람, 훌륭한 사람, 꿈인가 싶은 사람, 포부, 아름다운 것, 멍하니 세월을 보내다 dried: 건조한 drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의 drops: 점적약 drove: 몰려가는 가축 때, 떼지어

가는 무리, 굵은 정 drowsiness: 졸음, 깨나른함, 나른함, 기면상태 drowsy: 졸린, 졸음오게하는, 조는 듯한, 나른한, 졸리는 drudgery: 단조롭고 고된 일, 천역 drunk: 주정뱅이, 술취한, 취한, 술주정뱅이, 술좌석, 도취된 drunkard: 술고래 drunken: 술취한, 술고래의 drunkenness: 술취함, 명정의 dryness: 건조, 냉담, 정열이 없음, 인정미 없음, 무미건조, 금주 duad: 한 쌍, 두개로 한쌍이 되는것 dug: 젖꼭지, 젖퉁이 dull: 둔한, 무딘, 둔감한, 흐리게하다, 누그러뜨리다, 지루한, 둔해지다, 또렷하지 않은, 또렷하지않은, 지루한-무디게하다, 무디게하다 dully: 둔하게, 멍청하게, 느리게, 지루하게, 활발치 못하게, 느럭느럭 dumb: 우둔한, 벙어리의, 말이없는, 말못하는, 무언의, 말문이 막힌, 아연케 하다, 말문이막힌, 깜작 놀라게 하다, 바보 같다, 소리없는 dust: 먼지, 흙, 가루, 티끌, 인체, 유해, 쓰레기, 분말, 무덤, 먼지를 떨다, 굴욕을 받고 dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 발음하다, 길게논하다, 곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다 dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처 dying: 죽어가는, 임종, 임종의, 죽음, 꺼져가는, 사망, 죽을 eager: 열심인, 열망하여, 심한, 에 열성적인, 열망하는, 갈망하는 eagerly: 열심히, 간절히, 열망하여 eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심 ear: 귀, 청각, 경청, 보리 따위의 이삭, 귀꼴의 물건, 귓바퀴, 옥수수 열매, 옥수수열매, 귀 모양의 것, 이삭, 이삭이 패다 earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한성실, 엄숙한, 계약금 earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으로, 열심히 earnestness: 열심 earthly: 지구의, 세속의, 속세의, 도대체, 전혀, 이 세상의, 지상의 ease: 안락, 안심시키다, 늦추다, 덜다, 편안, 여유, 쉬움, 마음놓고, 안심하다, 불안하여, 마음놓이지 않아 easeful: 마음 편한, 안락한 eating: 먹기, 식용의, 식품, 식품좀먹어들어가는, 좀먹어 들어가는,

279 음식, 물 ebb: 썰물, 간조, 기울다, 쇠퇴, 성쇠, 성쇠-써다, 만회하다, 감퇴, 줄다, 빠지다 ecclesiastical: 성직의, 교회의, 기독 교회에 관한, 교회에 관한 echo: 반향하다, 반향, 메아리, 흉내내기, 모방, 초음파 검사법, 모방하다, 메아리치다, 숲의요정메아리치다, 그대로 되풀이하여 대답하다, 종양 edification: 교화, 등의함양 edify: 교화하다, 개발하다, 덕성을 북돋우다 educate: 교육하다, 훈련하다, 양성하다, 양육하다, 기르다, 학교에 보내다 educated: 교양 있는, 교육받은, 지식에 의한, 숙련된, 근거가 있는, 교육 받은, 경험에 의한 egypt: 이집트 egyptian: 이집트의, 이집트사람, 이집트 말의, 이집트 사람, 이집트 담배, 이집트 궐련, 집시, 이집트 사람의 eighth: 여덟 번째, 팔도, 팔 분, 제8의, 제 팔, 여덟 분의 하나 의, 여덟 번째의, 여덟 분의 하나 elder: 장로, 원로, 손위의, 연장자, 연장의, 고참, 고참의, 양딱총나무, 딱총나무, 이전의, 이전의-연장자 elders: 선배 elect: 선거하다, 당선된, 뽑다, 뽑힌, 택하다, 선발된, 특권 계급, 선거된, 선택하다, 선택된, 하느님의 선민들 elephant: 코끼리, 쌍을 보다, 구경하다, 엘리펀트 형지 elevated: 고상한, 높은, 쾌활한, 거나한, 의기 양양한, 한잔하여 기분이 좋은 elevation: 올리는일, 고상, 기품, 승진, 입면, 향상, 공중의 순간 정지, 고상하게 함, 앙각, 입면도, 높임 eligible: 뽑힐 자격 있는, 택해도 좋은, 적임의, 적격자, 바람직한, 적격의 elijah: 엘리야 eloquence: 웅변, 웅변술, 웅변법, 유창한 이야기, 유창한 화술 eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을 잘 나타내는 eloquently: 웅변으로 embittered: 화내게 하는, 쓰라리게 하는, 비참하게 하는 emblem: 상징, 상징적인 무늬, 상징적인 문장, 의 표징이 되다, 전형 embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, 매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, 서로 껴안다, 채용하다-

280

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

서로 껴안다-포옹, 성교, 채택하다 embracement: 포옹, 받아들임, 수락 emerge: 벗어나다, 나타나다, 나오다, 드러나다 emerging: 최근 생겨난, 최근에 만들어진 eminence: 탁월, 전하, 저명, 언덕, 고귀, 높은곳, 고위, 융기, 높은 곳 eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한, 뛰어난, 저명한, 돌출한 emotion: 감동, 정서, 감정 emperor: 황제, 동 로마 황제, 서 로마 황제 empire: 제국, 절대 지배권, 대영제국, 왕국, 제 일프랑스 제국 시대풍의, 제왕의 주권 employ: 고용하다, 쓰다, 고용, 사용, 에 종사하다, 소비하다, 소비하다고용, 실직하다, 에 고용되어, 사용하다, 직업을 주다 employed: 고용자들, 노동자, 취직하고 있는 empress: 황후, 여제, 여왕 같은 존재 emptiness: 무지, 덧없음, 공허, 공복, 무의미, 공, 빈 곳, 텅 빔, 빔, 무가치 enact: 제정하다, 법률화하다, 역을 하다, 법류화하다, 의 역을하다, 상연하다 enamoured: 매혹된 enchantment: 매혹, 마법, 매혹하는 것, 마법에 걸린 상태, 마법을 걸기 encompass: 포함하다, 둘러 싸다, 초래하다, 에워 싸다 encouraging: 유망한, 격려의, 힘을 북돋아 주는, 격려되는, 장려하는, 장려의 endeavour: -하려고 노력하다, 애쓰다, 애쓰다 노력하다, 노력, 노력하다, 시도하다, 하려고 노력하다 ending: 종결, 어미, 말미, 결말, 사망, 활용 어미, 어미의, 종결의, 최후의, 최후 endlessly: 영구히, 끝없이, 계속적으로, 가이없이, 그지없이 endurance: 인내, 내구성, 지구력 endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다인내하다, 허용하다 enduring: 영속적인, 참는, 참을 수 있는 enemy: 적, 적군적함, 원수, 악마, 적병, 적의, 해를 주는 것, 적국의 enervated: 활력을 잃은, 무기력한 enforced: 강제적인, 강제된 enforcement: 강제, 시행, 강조, 집행, 실시, 법률의 시행, 복종 등의 강제, 의견 등의 강조 engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다,

예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된, 속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다, 교전시키다, 관계된 engaged: 바쁜, 약속된, 교전중인, 고용된, 약혼중인, 용무중인, 통화중인, 약혼인, 연동의, 종사하는, 벽에 반쯤 묻힌 enigma: 수수께끼, 수수께끼의 인물, 불가해안 사물 enjoin: 과하다, 명령하다, 명하다, 금하다 enlarge: 넓어지다, 퍼지다, 확대하다, 부연하다, 상세하게 설명하다, 석방하다, 크게 하다, 확장하다 enlarged: 넓어지는, 상세하게 설명하는, 석방하는, 크게 하는, 확장하는 enlighten: 계몽하다, 명백하게 하다, 교화하다, 밝히다, 빛을 비추다 enlightened: 계몽된, 밝은, 개화된, 견식 있는, 계발된, 문명의, 문명화한, 진보한, 훤히 통달한 enlightening: 계몽적인, 밝혀주는, 깨우치는 enlisted: 사병에 관한, 사병의 enmity: 적의, 증오 enounce: 성명하다, 선언하다, 발음하다, 언명하다, 명쾌하게 말하다, 표명하다, 발표하다 enquire: 묻다 enquiring: 문의하는, 질문하는 enquiry: 연구, 질문, 문의, 조사 ensample: 표본, 샘플 enslaved: 노예로 만드는 ensuing: 다음의, 뒤이어 일어나는, 결과로서 따르는, 뒤이은 entangle: 얽히게하다, 곤란케하다, 혼란시키다, 분규를 일으키게 하다, 뒤얽히게 하다, 빠뜨리다 entangled: 뒤얽히게 하는, 분규를 일으키게 하는, 빠뜨리는 enticing: 마음을 끄는, 유혹적인, 마음을 끌 만한 entireness: 완전, 순수, 무결, 완전 무결 entrails: 내장, 내부 entrance: 입학, 들어감, 입구, 입장, 등장, 입학금, 대문, 입장권, 넋을 잃게 하다 entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간청하다, 취급하다 entrust: 맡기다, 위임하다 entwine: 휘감기다, 엮다, 혼란시키다, 엉키게 하다 enumeration: 목록, 계산, 일람표, 셈, 열거, 세목, 일일이 셈 envenomed: 독을 넣는, 독기를 띠게 하는, 독을 바르는 envious: 부러워하는, 시기하는,

시기심이 강한 envy: 부러워하다, 시기하다, 부러움, 신망, 질투, 선망의 대상 epicurus: 에피쿠로스 episcopal: 감독의, 감독파의, 주교의 equably: 고요하게, 균등하게, 평온하게 equity: 형평법, 공평, 공정, 배우 조합, 보통주주권, 재산 물건의 순가 ere: 하기 전에, 오히려 ergo: 그러므로, 그런고로, 일의 뜻 err: 잘못하다, 죄를 범하다, 그르치다 error: 에러, 오차, 잘못, 과실, 틀림, 실책, 오심, 잘못생각, 죄, 오류, 그릇된 erst: 이전에, 옛날에 esau: 에서 escape: 도망, 달아나다, 도피, 면하다, 탈출하다, 새다, 남지않다, 탈출, 샘, 야생으로 돌아가다, 흐려지다 escaped: 도망한, 탈주한 essay: 수필, 소론, 시도하다, 시도, 시험하다, 시론, 평론, 하려고 하다, 기도 essence: 정, 정수, 본질, 향수, 에센스, 실체, 엑스, 실재 esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다, 귀중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경, 간주하다-존경, 평가하다 estimation: 견적, 판단, 존중, 평가, 의견, 개산, 가치의 판단 estranged: 소원해진, 사이가 틀어진 eternal: 영원한, 영구한, 끝없는, 평상시의, 예의, 불멸의, 변함없는, 영원한 것, 하느님 eternally: 영원히, 끊임없이, 끝없이, 언제나, 영구히 eternity: 영원, 내세, 영구, 영원한 진실, 영원한 진리, 오래 시간, 영원의 세계, 영원한 존재 eve: 전야, 저녁, 이브, 직전, 밤, 명절의 전날 밤, 하와, 전날 밤, 전날, 여자 이름 evenly: 평등하게, 공평하게, 고르게, 평평하게, 평탄하게, 균일하게 everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사 everlastingly: 끝없이, 영구히 evermore: 항상, 언제나, 영구히, 영원히 ever-present: 항상 존재하는 everywhere: 어디에나, 도처에, 모든 곳 evident: 명백한, 뚜렷한, 분명히 나타난, 분명한 evidently: 명백히, 분명히, 보매, 분명하게, 아무래도

Augustine evil: 해악, 불길한, 나쁜, 악, 악행, 해로운, 해롭게, 사악하게, 불운한, 불행하게, 사악한 exact: 강요하다, 정밀한, 꼼꼼한, 정확한, 엄격한, 엄밀한, 까다로운, 엄하게 요구하다, 엄중한, 적확한 exacting: 힘드는, 가혹한, 고된, 강제로 징수하는, 엄격한, 쓰라린, 착취적인 exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은, 고상한, 숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는, 고양된, 의기양양한 examine: 심문하다, 심사하다, 시험하다, 검사하다, 진찰하다, 조사하다, 검정하다, 검토하다, 심리하다 examined: 검토하는, 심리하는, 검사하는, 진찰하는, 조사하는, 심사하는, 심문하는, 시험하는 examiner: 시험관, 심사원, 검사관, 증인 심문관, 조사관, 검사인 exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, 과도한 exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 굉장히 excel: 능가하다, 뛰어나다, 빼어나다 excellence: 장점, 우수, 미점, 탁월 excellency: 장점, 대사등에대한존칭, 우수, 장관, 각하 excepted: 제외되어, 예외인 excess: 부절제, 초과, 지나침, 과다, 폭음폭식, 과도, 과잉, 난폭, 초과량, 휴직시키다, 제한 외의 excessive: 과도한, 극단적인, 터무니없는, 과도의 excited: 흥분한, 흥분한 활발한, 여기한, 여기 상태의 excitement: 흥분, 자극하는 것, 자극, 격앙, 법석, 동요 exclaim: 외치다, 큰 소리로 말하다, 비난하다 exclude: 몰아내다, 제외하다, 배척하다, 추방하다, 들어오지 못하게 하다, 채택하지 않다, 여지를 전혀 주지 않다 excursive: 산만한, 지엽적인, 배회하는, 본론에서 벗어난 excuse: 구실, 용서하다, 변명하다, 보아주다, 사과, 핑계, 발뺌, 변명, 면제하다-변명, 면제하다, 이유 execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 밉살스러운, 저주할 execrate: 저주하다, 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 비난하다 execute: 사형을 집행하다, 실시하다, 연주하다, 제작하다, 서명 날인하다, 집행하다, 시행하다, 수행하다, 실행하다, 완성하다 exhalation: 증기, 발산물, 호기, 날숨,

발산, 증발기, 폭발 exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, 소모된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 지친 exhibit: 출품하다, 제시하다, 나타내다, 투약하다, 출품물, 공개하다, 진열하다, 증거물, 전시, 보이다, 투약하다-전시 exhort: 훈계하다, 권고하다, 열심히권하다, 간곡히 타이르다 exhortation: 권고, 권고의 말, 훈계, 간곡한 권고 exigency: 위급, 급박, 절박한 사정, 급박한 사정, 긴박, 긴급사태, 긴급한 경우, 급무 exodus: 출국, 출발, 이동, 이집트 퇴거, 이집트 출국 expansive: 마음이 넓은, 팽창력 있는, 과대망상적인, 광할한, 과대 망상적인, 널찍한 expectation: 기대, 가망성, 예기, 예상, 유산 상속의 가망성, 바라는 목표 expense: 비용, 지출, 손실, 희생, 지출금, 비용이 드는 일, 비돈이 드는 일, 소요 경비 expenses: 소요 경비 experienced: 노련한, 경험을 가진, 체험된, 경험있는, 숙련된 expose: 쐬다, 폭로하다, 노출하다, 집밖에 내버리다, 적발하다, 진열하다, 폭로, 적발, 접하게 하다, 버리다, 보이다 exposed: 드러난, 노출된, 비바람을 맞는, 노출한 expound: 설명하다, 상술하다, 상세히 설명하다 express: 명시된, 명백한, 표시하다, 특별히, 표현하다, 급행의, 지급편, 특별한, 정확한, 지급편으로 보내다, 운송회사 exquisitely: 심하게, 절묘하게, 멋지게, 정교하게 extended: 평체인, 증대한, 장기간에 걸친, 뻗친, 광범위한, 확장된, 펼친, 광범위에 걸친 extension: 신장, 확장, 증축, 연장, 외연, 전화의 연장선, 확장부분, 전충성, 이어 붙이는, 연기, 신장부분 exterior: 외부의, 외면의, 외부, 외면, 외관, 옥외 풍경, 대외적인, 외모, 외관상의, 관계 없는 extinguish: 잃게 하다, 끄다, 무색하게하다, 상각하다, 꺾다, 전멸시키다, 절멸시키다, 단절시키다, 소멸하다, 압도하다 extol: 칭찬하다, 격찬하다, 찬양하다 extreme: 극도의, 과격한, 극도, 극단, 맨끝의, 양극단, 극단적인 수단,

281 극단의, 맨 끝에 있는 것, 최후의, 최후의.극단 extricate: 구해내다, 유리시키다 exuberance: 풍부, 충일, 무성함, 무성 exuberant: 무성한, 풍부한, 화려한, 원기왕성한, 원기가 좋은, 푸우한 exude: 발산시키다, 발산하다, 배어나오게 하다, 배어나오다, 스며나오게 하다, 스며나오다 exult: 무척기뻐하다, 크게 기뻐하다 exultation: 환희, 광희, 열광, 몹시 기뻐함 eyesight: 시력, 시각, 시야 fable: 전설, 우화, 신화, 거짓말하다, 우화를 이야기하다, 꾸며낸 이야기, 줄거리, 지어낸 이야기, 꾸며낸 이야기를 하다, 꾸며내다, 꾸민 이야기 fabric: 구조, 조직, 직물, 피륙, 구조물, 짜임새, 편물, 천, 건물, 구성법, 바탕 fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는, 전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, 비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은 faculty: 재능, 학부, 능력, 기능, 특허, 동업자 단체, 자력, 수완, 대학고교의 전교직원, 학부의 교수단, 직원회의 fail: 실패하다, 부족하다, 낙제하다, 게을리하다, 파산하다, 모자라다, 약해지다, 파산하다-실망시키다, 없다, 흉작이 되다, 약속 따위를 태만히 하다 failing: 실패, 이 없어서, 결점, 부족, 이 없을 경우에는, 약점, 애 없는 경우에는, 쇠약, 낙제, 파산, 실패의 fain: 기꺼이, 하고 싶어하는, 쾌히, 하기를 바라는, 하고싶은, 이고싶은, 부득이, 기꺼이 하는, 기꺼이..하는 faint: 어질어질한, 희미한, 연약한, 기절하다, 쇠약해진, 약해지다, 활기없는, 졸도하다, 엷은, 가냘픈, 힘없는 fainting: 기절, 실신, 졸도, 졸도하는, 기철의, 의기소침 faintly: 희미하게, 힘없이, 가냘프게, 소심하게, 어렴풋이, 연약하게, 머무적거리며 fairness: 공평, 살결이 흼, 예쁨, 공명 정대, 금빛 faithful: 성실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신자들, 정확한, 충실한, 충실한 신도들, 정확 faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히 faithfulness: 성실함, 정확함, 충심함, 충실 fallen: 타락한, 쓰러진, 파멸한, 죽은, 떨어진, 전복된 falling: 낙하, 타락, 함락, 떨어지는,

282

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

전도, 내리는, 추락, 하락하는, 타락하는, 강하, 붕괴 false: 가짜의, 가락이 맞지 않는, 거짓의, 틀린, 부정의, 가의, 임시의, 불성실한, 꾸민, 그릇된, 의사의 falsehood: 허위, 거짓말, 잘못 falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서, 불성실하게, 부실하게, 부정하게, 잘못하여 fame: 명성, 유명하게 만들다, 평판, 인기 familiarly: 친하게, 무람없이, 무엄하게, 정답게, 허물없이 famine: 기근, 대부족, 식량 부족, 고갈, 굶주림 famished: 굶주림 fancy: 변덕, 공상하다, 취미, 공상, 애호가들, 좋아하다, 도락, 터무니 없는, 공상력, 공상의, 애호물로 색다른 동물 등을 기르다 fantastic: 공상적인, 변덕스러운, 상상의, 기묘한, 기이한 farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, 더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의 fashioned: 식의 fasting: 단식의, 금식의, 단식, 절식, 금식, 단식으로 fat: 지방, 살찐, 기름기, 살찌다, 지방이 많은, 풍부한, 유복한, 둔감한, 비옥한, 윤택, 비만 fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 미상의, 아버지를 알 수 없는 fatherly: 아버지의, 자비깊은, 아버지로서의 fatness: 비옥, 비만, 뚱뚱함, 풍부함, 지방이 많음, 기름기가 많음 fault: 과실, 결점, 책임, 단층, 테니스 폴트, 단점, 실수, 흠, 냄새 자취를 잃음, 잘못 faulty: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 결점이 있는 favour: 호의, 정실, 이익, 친절, 은혜, 은고, 부탁, 호의를 보이다, 편애하다, 편애, 즐겨 착용하다 fearful: 무서운, 지독한, 걱정하여, 두려워하여, 신을 두려워하는, 두려워, 심한 fearfully: 몹시, 무서워하며, 무섭게, 굉장히, 지독히, 벌벌 떨며, 거정스럽게, 지독하게 fearlessly: 겁 없이, 대담 무쌍하게, 대담하게, 무서워하지 않고, 용감하게 feast: 축연, 잔치를 베풀다, 대접, 대접을 받다, 즐거움, 즐기다, 경연, 기쁘게 하다, 마음껏 즐기다, 잔치에 참석하다, 즐겁게 하는 것 fed: 연방 정부, 연방 수사관, 연방

준비 은행 feed: 공급하다, 먹이를 먹다, 만족시키다, 기르다, 공급재료, 먹을 것을 줌, 사료, 식사공급, 음식물을주다, 식사, 음식물을 주다 feeding: 급송, 급수, 송전, 목초지, 먹음, 사양, 거세지는, 급송하는, 음식물을 섭취하는, 섭식 feigned: 거짓의, 가공의, 가장된, 꾸민, 허위의 felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현, 교묘함, 경사, 적절 fellow: 한 쪽, 평의원, 자식, 일원, 애인, 놈, 동지, 동료, 동무, 한패, 녀석 fence: 검술, 변론의 교묘함, 방어하다, 울타리, 담을 뛰어넘다, 담, 검술을 하다, 장물 취득인, 펜싱, 울타리를하다, 울타리를 하다 fervent: 뜨거운, 열렬한, 강렬한 fervently: 뜨겁게, 열렬하게, 열심히 fervid: 타오르는 듯한 fever: 열병, 열, 발열시키다, 열광, 열광적인, 열병의, 열이 있는, 흥분 상태, 흥분, 열병에 걸리게 걸리다, 열병에 걸리게 하다 fiction: 소설, 허구, 꾸민 이야기, 의제, 상상, 꾸며낸 것, 가설, 꾸며낸 일 fiercely: 맹렬하게, 지독하게, 사납게 fifth: 다섯분의 1, 제5, 제 오의, 제 오번째의, 다섯번째의 사람, 다섯분의 한갤런, 다섯분의 하나 의, 오 등품, 오도 음정, 다섯번째의 것, 제오 fig: 무화과, 조금, 하찮은 것, 하찮은것, 두 손가락 사이에 엄지 손가락을 끼워 넣는 상스러운 경멸의 손짓, 건강 상태, 복장 fighter: 투사, 전투기, 권투선수, 싸우는 사람, 싸우는사람, 직업 권투 선수, 전사 fighting: 싸움, 전투의, 전투, 논쟁, 다툼, 투쟁 싸우는, 회전, 전투용의, 화이팅 figurative: 상징적인, 비유적인, 조형의, 수식적인, 비유가 많은, 조소적 표현의, 표상적인, 회화적 표현의 figuratively: 비유적으로, 전의적으로, 상징적으로 figured: 모양으로 나타낸, 무늬 있는, 그림으로 표시한, 도식으로 표시한, 무늬가 있는, 문채 있는, 코드를 나타내는 숫자가 있는, 화음을 나타내는 숫자가 있는 fill: 채우다, 차지하다, 가득참, 보충하다, 가득차다, 충분, 차다, 흡족하게 하다, 흙으로 돋우다,

조제하다, 충족시키다 filled: 차는, 충족시키는, 흡족하게 하는, 흙으로 돋우는, 팽팽하게 하는, 차지하는, 채우는, 가득 따르는, 조제하는, 섞어 넣는, 바람을 가득 받는 filling: 충전, 충전재, 속에 넣는 것, 쌓아 올린 흙 filth: 오물, 외설, 추잡, 음담패설 filthy: 더러운, 추잡한, 음탕한, 불결한, 많이 있는, 지독한 finger: 손가락, 손가락을 대다, 탄주하다, 켜다, 손가락 모양의 물건, 만지다, 을 손가락으로 젖히다, 을 손가락으로 넘기다, 악기가 손가락으로 연주되다, 손가락으로 만지다, 손가락 폭 finish: 끝, 끝손질, 해치우다, 끝내다, 완성하다, 마무리칠을하다, 마무리하다, 죽이다, 끝나다, 매우 섬세한, 가느다란 finite: 정형의, 유한의, 제한된, 한정된 firmament: 창공, 하늘 firmly: 굳게, 견고하게, 단단하게, 확고하게, 단단히, 단호하게 firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가 굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동 first-born: 첫아이 fitted: 장비하여, 을 갖추어, 꼭 맞게 만들어진 fitter: 조립공, 정비공, 장신구상인, 입혀서 맞추는 사람, 맞추는사람, 맞추는 사람, 장신구 장수, 옷 입혀 보는 사람, 여행용품 장수, 설비하는 사람 fitting: 입혀보기, 비품, 부속품, 가구, 설치, 적합, 적당한, 어울리는, 건구, 형, 입어보기 fix: 고정시키다, 결정하다, 수리하다, 준비하다, 집중시키다, 정착시키다, 조리하다, 지우다, 곤경, 마련하다, 위치 fixedly: 고정하여, 안정하여, 정착하여 fixing: 고정, 설비, 정착, 비품, 설치, 조정 flagon: 목이 좁은 병, 큰 포도주 병, 술병, 그 한잔분의 용량, 큰 병, 그 한 잔분의 용량 flame: 정열, 애인, 발끈하다, 광휘, 정열을 드러내다, 빛나다, 불길, 훨훨타다, 화염, 불꽃, 태우다 flash: 플래시, 섬광, 허식, 번득임, 번득이다, 방류수, 빛나다, 획 지나가다, 홱 나오다, 순가, 가짜의 flashing: 섬광, 막아둔 물, 막아놓은 물 번쩍이는, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는, 번쩍이는, 섬발, 번쩍번쩍 빛나다,

Augustine 번쩍이다 flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는 fledged: 깃털이 다 난, 성인이 된, 다 자란, 날아갈 수 있을 만큼 성장한, 날 수 있게 된, 제 구실을 할 나이가 된, 깃털이 다 새 새끼를 기르는, 깃털이 다 날 때까지 기르는, 깃털이 다 나는, 깃털을 다는 flee: 도망하다, 사라지다, 질주하다, 달아나다, 도망치다, 급속히 경과하다, 서두르다, 급속히 지나가다 fleeting: 덧없는, 무상한, 잠깐 동안의, 어느덧 지나가는, 빨리 지나가는, 빨리지나가는 flesh: 고기, 육체, 살, 인류, 육욕, 식육, 생물, 살집, 살색, 과육, 친척 fleshly: 세속적인, 육체의, 육감적인, 육욕의, 인간적인 fleshy: 살의, 다육질의, 육질의, 살찐, 육욕의, 살집이 좋은, 뚱뚱한, 육체의 fling: 시도, 내던지다, 돌진하다, 뿌리다, 메어치다, 방종, 갑자기 내뻗다, 태질치다, 욕, 발질, 시험 floating: 유동하는, 떠있는, 부동하는, 부동적인, 변동하는, 부동, 부유, 유리성의, 해상에 있는, 떠 있는 flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를 채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치 flood: 홍수, 범람, 범람하다, 관개하다, 만조, 밀어닥치다, 넘쳐 흐르다, 쇄도, 호수, 대해, 강 flour: 가루를 뿌리다, 밀가루, 가루, 가루로 만들다, 가루가 되다, 가루가 많은 flow: 흐름, 유출량, 범람시키다, 밀물, 밀다, 많이있다, 쓸리다, 흐르게하다, 흐르다, 머리칼이 늘어지다, 냇물 flower: 꽃, 개화, 꽃이 피다, 화초, 번영하다, 만개, 꽃으로 꾸미다, 에 꽃을 피우다, 월경, 사화, 꽃을 피우다 flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진, 미끈하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한, 미끈하게 처진, 조수가 밀려 들어오는, 넘치도록 많은 flown: 혼합 색으로 장식한 fluctuate: 변동하다, 파동하다, 오르내리다, 동요 시키다, 변동시키다, 동요시키다, 파동치다 fluctuating: 변동이 있는, 동요하는, 오르내리는

fluently: 유창하게, 우아하게, 웅변으로, 완만하게, 거침없이 fluidness: 유동체, 액체, 유창함 flux: 흐름, 밀물, 연속적인 변화, 용제, 유동, 설사시키다, 녹다, 변전하다, 융제로 처리하다, 이상유출, 흐르다 fly: 날다, 파리, 날리다, 조종하다, 달아나다, 순식간에없어지다, 비행하다, 비행, 도망하다, 달리다, 펄럭이다 flying: 나는 듯이 빠른, 나는, 질주, 비행, 공중에 뜨는, 급히 서두르는, 솜나부랑이, 공중에 떠도는, 흩날리는 것, 펄럭이는, 뛰어 달아나는 fog: 안개, 안개로 덮다, 혼미, 당혹, 당황케 하다, 흐려지다, 두번째 풀, 안개가 끼다, 풀을 서서 마른 채로 내버려 두다, 선채로 마른 풀, 흐림의 folk: 가족, 사람들, 민족, 국민, 민속풍의 folly: 어리석음, 어리석은 짓, 어리석게 돈만 많이 들인 물건, 우론, 막대한 돈을 들인 어처구니없는 큰 건축, 글래머 걸 출연자, 어리석은 행동 fool: 바보, 속이다, 농담하다, 어리석은 짓을 하다, 어릿광대, 우롱하다, 희롱하다, 풀, 놀리다, 낭비하다, 바보 취급을 받는 사람 foolish: 하찮은, 바보같은, 미련한, 어리석은 foolishly: 어리석게도, 바보같이, 미련하게, 어리석게 foolishness: 어리석음 forasmuch: 인 까닭에 forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다 forbid: 금하다, 허락지않다, 금지하다, 방해하다, 하는 일이 절대로 없기를 forbidden: 금지된, 금단의 forcibly: 강제적으로, 힘차게, 억지로, 힘으로, 강력하게 forego: 전술한, 선행하다, 앞의, 없이 지내다, 앞에 가다 foregoing: 전술한, 앞의, 앞서 말한, 앞서 말한 것 forehead: 이마, 전부, 앞부분, 부분, 앞 부분 foreigner: 외국인, 외국선, 이방인, 이인, 외국 제품, 국외자 foreknowledge: 예지 forenamed: 앞에 말한 forenoon: 오전 foresee: 예견하다, 미리알다 foreshow: 예시하다 foretell: 예고하다, 예언하다, 예고

283 하다, 예시 하다, 예언 하다 forethought: 사전의 고려, 심려, 산전의고려, 사전의 계획, 사전의 의도 foretold: 문치, 앞니 forge: 꾸며대다, 철공장, 위조하다, 서서히 나아가다, 쇠를불리다, 쇠를 불리다, 단조공장, 대장간에서 일하다, 벼리다, 꾸며내다, 노 forgetful: 잊고, 잘 잊는, 망각시키는, 게을리하기 쉬운, 잊기 쉬운 forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀, 망각 forging: 위조, 단조품, 단조, 대장일 forgive: 용서하다, 삭치다, 빚을탕감하다, 빚을 탕감하다, 면제하다, 삭히다, 관대히 봐주다 forgiving: 용서하는, 관대한, 책망하지 않는, 인정 많은 forgotten: 망각된 formation: 형성, 구조, 조직, 대형, 조립, 층 formed: 생물적 특징을 갖춘, 형성된 formerly: 이전에, 전에, 먼저, 옛날에, 원래는, 지난날 forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대 formless: 무정형의, 형태없는, 형태가 없는, 모양이 확실치 않은, 형태 없는 fornication: 간음, 사통, 우상숭배 forsake: 버리다, 저버리다 forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한 forsooth: 정말, 참말이지 forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 에서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후 forthcoming: 준비돼 있는, 출현, 준비돼있는, 곧나오려고, 곧올, 나타나려고 하는, 나타나려고하는, 접근, 곧나오려고하는, 곧 올, 곧 도와주는 forthwith: 즉시, 당장, 곧, 곧 실행해야할 명령, 곧장, 즉시로 fortunate: 행운의, 운이 좋은, 행운아, 행운을 갖다주는 forum: 법정, 토론회, 공공 광장, 공회의광장, 공회의 광장, 심판, 공개 토론회 foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 엉클어지다 foully: 부정하게, 지저분하게, 불쾌하게, 악랄하게, 더럽게, 불결하게, 상스러운 말로 foulness: 부정, 불결, 악랄, 입이 상스러움, 불결물, 불결한것, 사나움, 입이 더러움, 불결한 것 foundation: 기초, 창설, 근거, 토대, 설립, 보강 재료, 뜨개바탕, 기본금,

284

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

파운데이션 foundations: 토대 founded: 기초가 ...한 fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 잉크 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 저장 용기 four-footed: 사족의, 네 발의 fourthly: 네째로, 넷째로 fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다 fragment: 파편, 단편, 부서진 조각, 산산이 부수다, 산산 조각이 되다, 미완성유고, 미완성 유고, 부서지다 fragrance: 방향, 향기로움 fragrant: 상쾌한, 냄새가좋은, 냄새가 좋은, 향기로운 frame: 구조, 뼈대, 액자, 기구, 테, 체격, 모양, 조직, 진행하다, 적합하게 하다, 틀을 잡다 framed: 틀에 낀 frantic: 심히 흥분한, 미친, 광란의, 심히흥분한, 황급한, 굉장한, 미친 사람 같은 fraud: 사기, 사기꾼, 협잡, 가짜, 부정 수단, 기만, 사기 행위 fraught: 충분한, 고민하는, 충만한 freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심 후하게, 자유로이, 자유롭게, 허물없이 freeman: 자유민, 시민권등이 있는 공민, 시민권등이있는공민 frenzied: 열광한, 격앙한, 격노한, 열광적인 frenzy: 격앙, 광란, 열광, 격앙시키다, 격분, 광포 frequent: 자주가다, 늘모이다, 상습적인, 수많은, 자주 일어나는, 자주일어나는, 빈번한 freshness: 선명, 새로움, 생생함, 신선미, 상쾌, 산뜻함 fretted: 안달이 난, 기러기발이 있는, 뇌문 무늬의, 부식된 friendship: 우정, 친목, 친선, 교우, 벗으로서 사귐, 벗으로서의 사귐 frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, 지독한 fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으로 frozen: 언, 극한의, 냉담한, 냉동의, 얼음으로덮힌, 동상에걸린, 냉랭한, 동상에 걸린, 동결된 fruit: 과일, 자손, 결과, 생산물, 소산, 과실, 에 열매를 맺게하다, 열매를 맺다, 과일이 생기다, 수확물, 수확 fruitful: 비옥한, 다산인, 열매가잘 열리는, 열매가잘열리는, 이익이 많은, 수확이 많은, 열매를 많이 맺는, 풍작을 가져오는

fruitfully: 효과 있게, 효과적으로, 다산으로, 비옥하게, 열매가 잘 열리게, 잘 열어서 fruitfulness: 열매를 많이 맺는 것 fruitless: 열매를 맺지 않는, 결실하지 않는, 보람없는, 효과 없는, 보람 없는 fruitlessly: 효과 없이, 열매가 없게, 무익하게 fuel: 연료, 감정을 불태우는 것, 핵연료, 음식물, 연료를 얻다, 감정을불태우는것, 연료를 공급하다, 돋구는 것 fulfil: 이행하다, 적합하다, 힘을 완전히 발휘하다, 완수하다, 자신의 소질을 충분히 발휘하다, 종료하다, 달성하다, 다하다 fuller: 직물의 축융공, 축융공, 둥근 홈을 내는 연장, 둥근 홈을 내다, 천의 올을 배게하는 직공, 천의 올을 배게 하는 직공 fulness: 비만, 충만, 참, 풍부, 만족, 차 있음, 풍부함 fumed: 암모니아로 찐 funeral: 장례식의, 장례행렬, 장례식, 장례의, 싫은 일 furious: 맹렬한, 격노한, 사납게 날뛰는, 노하여 펄펄 뛰는, 미쳐날뛰는, 미쳐 날뛰는, 소란스러운 furnace: 용광로, 시련, 화덕, 몹시 더운 곳, 작열하는곳, 작열하는 곳, 어려운 시련의 장소, 난방로, 노, 아궁이 furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비하다 furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 재고량이 ...한 furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구의 설비, 가구 furtherance: 조장, 촉진 furthermore: 그 위에 더, 더욱 더, 더욱이, 게다가 fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자, 표독한여자, 복수의 여신의 하나, 표독스러운 계집 gainful: 이익이 있는, 돈벌이에 열중한, 유리한, 유급으로, 수지맞는, 벌이가 되는, 유급인, 이익이 나도록 gains: 이의 gainsay: 반박하다, 부정, 반론, 부정하다 gall: 뻔뻔스러움, 담즙, 찰과상, 쓴것, 증오, 담낭, 애태우다, 진절머리, 쓸개, 스쳐서 벗겨진 상처, 걱정거리 gallantry: 용감, 정사, 연애관계, 정중한 말씨, 여성에게 정중함,

사랑의 행위, 여성에게 친천함, 여성에 대한 공대 garb: 외관, 복장, 모양, 옷, 의상, 복장 양식, 옷을 입히다 garland: 화환, 영관, 고리 밧줄, 선집, 화관, 화환무늬, 꽃줄 garment: 의복, 옷, 외피, 의복 한 점 garner: 곡창, 축적, 저장소, 저장, 축적하다, 얻다, 모으다 gate: 수문, 문, 입장자수, 입장권 매상총액, 문짝, 금족을 명하다, 출입구, 차단기, 시가, 법정, 방법 gather: 채집하다, 모으다, 개더, 거두어들이기, 긴장시키다, 증가하다, 내다, 찌푸리다, 짜내다, 수금, 추측하다 gathering: 모임, 채집, 종기, 수확, 주름, 곪음, 접지 맞추기, 집회, 개더, 농양, 부어 오름 gathers: 주름 gay: 방탕한, 쾌활한, 화려한, 화사한, 명랑한, 뻔뻔한, 건강한, 동성연애자, 동성 연애자의, 동성연애, 동성 연애의 gaze: 응시, 응시하다, 뚫어지게 바라보며 서 있다, 뚫어지게 보다 generate: 일으키다, 이루다, 산출하다, 생성하다, 생기다, 발생시키다, 낳다 genesis: 기원, 발생, 창세기, 창시 genius: 수호신, 천재, 사조, 경향, 귀신, 기풍, 자질, 진수, 천성, 특질, 요정 gentle: 온화한, 구더기, 길들이다, 얌전한, 품위 있는, 양갓집 사람, 지체 높은, 상냥한, 친절한, 어루만지다, 온순한 gentleness: 친절, 온순, 과격하지 않음, 온화함, 상냥함, 부드러움, 안은, 정다움 gently: 점잖게, 부드럽게, 서서히, 양반답게, 조용히, 완만하게, 온화하게, 예의범절이 바르게, 우아하게, 천천히, 친절히 genuinely: 순수하게, 진정으로, 성실하게 geometry: 기하학, 기하학책, 기하학서 ghastly: 무시무시한, 지독한, 송장같은, 핼쑥한, 파랗게 질린, 무섭게, 무서운, 할쑥한, 심한, 무시무시하게 ghost: 유령, 환영, 망령, 영적인, 유령의, 환상, 근소한 가능성, 혼, 을 따라 다니다, -을 따라 다니다, 대작하다 giant: 거인, 거대한, 위인, 기가스 gift: 선물, 재능, 천분, 부여하다, 선사하다, 선사하다부여하다, 증여,

Augustine 천부의 재능, 천부 gifted: 타고난 재능이 있는, 천부의 재주가 있는, 수재의, 매우 머리가 좋은, 천부의 재능이 있는 gilded: 금도금한, 화려한 girded: 대비하는, 둘러 싸는, 조롱하는, 차는, 허리띠로 졸라 매는 giver: 주는 사람 glad: 기쁜, 유쾌한, 기쁜 듯한, 글라디올러스, 기뻐서 gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히 gladness: 기쁨, 즐거움 gladsome: 기쁜, 즐거운 glance: 빗나가다 흘긋 돌리다, 훑어 보다, 잠깐 언급되다, 잠깐 보아서, 흘긋 봄, 일견하다, 흘긋 돌리다, 스치고 지나가 다, 흘긋, 일견, 번쩍 빛나다 gleam: 번득이다, 번적임, 희미한 징조, 희미하게 번쩍이다, 어렴풋한 빛, 번득임, 빛, 번쩍이다 glide: 활주, 미끄러지다, 미끄러짐, 활공, 미끄러뜨리다, 활주하다, 미끄럼길, 미끄럼대, 점차로 변하다, 미끄러지듯 달리게 하다, 활공시키다 gliding: 활공, 미끄러지는, 활주, 활주하는, 활공하는, 미끄러짐 glittering: 빛나는, 반짝이는 glorify: 칭찬하다, 영광을 더하다, 찬미하다, 장식하다, 꾸미다, 미화하다, 영광을 찬송하다, 칭송하다 glorious: 영광스러운, 유쾌한, 빛나는, 장려한, 현란한, 기분좋은, 영예스러운, 거룩한 glory: 장관, 기뻐하다, 영광, 후광, 명예, 번영, 죽다, 송영, 자랑하다, 찬미, 성조기 glow: 백열, 열정, 선명함, 열중하다, 기쁨, 달다, 만족감, 백열빛을 내다, 불붙다, 작열, 빛을 발하다 glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것 glue: 아교, 아풀로 붙이다, 아교의, 딱 붙어서 떨어지지 않다, 아교로 붙이다 gnawing: 쏠기, 갉기, 쏘는, 괴롭히는, 부단한 고통, 근임없는 고통, 갉는, 가책 갉아먹는, 에일 듯한, 에는 듯한 goad: 자극, 막대기, 격려, 격려 자극하다, 뾰족한 막대기, 막대기로 몰다, 막대기로 찌르다 godhead: 신격, 신성, 하느님 godless: 믿음이 없는, 신의 존재를 부인하는, 불경한, 무신의, 신을 인정하지않는, 신을 믿지 않는, 신의

존재를 부정하는 godly: 신을 공경하는, 신앙심이 깊은, 경건한, 믿음이 깊은 사람들, 믿음이 깊은, 신앙심을 돈독하게, 신앙심깊은 사람들 golden: 금빛의, 금의, 귀중한, 절호의, 훌륭한, 황금, 금으로 반든, 금이 가득찬, 누런빛의, 융성한, 전성의 goodliness: 고급, 상당한 크기, 상질 goodly: 잘생긴, 상당한, 용모가 단정한, 훌륭한, 잘 생긴, 큰 goodness: 친절, 미덕, 선량함, 좋음, 신, 선량, 미점 gorgeous: 호화스러운, 화려한, 훌륭한 gospel: 복음서, 복음, 교리, 주의, 진리, 교의, 신조, 복음문 gotten: 과거 분사 governor: 통치자, 지배자, 회장, 두목, 지사, 주인어른, 장관, 사령관, 조절기, 총재, 영감 grace: 우미, 은혜, 유예, 은총, 미덕, 장식음, 장점, 애교, 우아, 매력, 천혜 graceful: 우미한, 우아한 gracefulness: 단아함, 우미, 우미하는 것, 우아하는 것 gracious: 상냥한, 친절한, 정중한, 우아한, 기품 있는, 자비로운, 관대한, 존귀한, 품위있는, 우미한, 유익한 gradation: 모음 전환, 등급 매기기, 순위, 순서, 단계, 변화, 바림, 점충법, 순서를 매김 gradually: 차차, 차례로, 차츰, 단계적으로, 점차로 grammar: 문법책, 문법, 초보, 문전, 원리, 입문서 grammarian: 문법가, 문법 교사 grasp: 잡다, 지배, 쥐다, 쥠, 잡으려 하다, 자루, 이해하다, 이해, 달려들다, 손잡이, 이해력 grass: 풀, 잔디, 봄, 목초, 풀 위에 펴다, 풀 돋는 계절, 포아풀과의 풀, 목초지, 풀로 덫다, 때려 눕히다, 목초를 먹이다 grassy: 풀 같은, 풀의, 풀이 무성한, 풀이 많은 gratification: 보수, 기쁨, 만족 시키는 것, 만족, 만족시키기 것, 만족시키는 것 gratuitous: 무료의, 필요 없는, 공짜의, 무사의, 이유없는, 그럴 필요 없는 grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다, 새기다, 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈, 심각한, 중요한, 예사롭지 않은, 침침한 gravity: 저음, 중량, 지구 인력, 중력,

285 중대, 진심, 엄숙, 중대함, 지구, 진지함 greatly: 위대하게, 매우, 크게, 대단히, 훨씬, 숭고하게, 심히, 관대하게 greatness: 큼, 탁월, 위대, 다대함, 저명, 웅대, 다대, 거대, 거대함, 중대, 다량 greaves: 굳기름 찌끼, 굳기름찌끼, 기름 찌끼 grecian: 그리스 사람, 그리스식의, 그리스의, 그리스풍의 greedily: 욕심내어, 게걸스레, 게걸스럽게 greediness: 탐욕 greedy: 탐욕스러운, 걸신들린, 열망하는, 게걸스러운, 대식하는 greek: 그리스 사람의, 그리스의, 사기꾼, 그시스의, 그리스 사람, 그리스풍의, 그리스 정교 신자, 도무지 뜻을 알 수 없는 말, 그리스 어 greet: 들어오다, 보이다, 인사하다, 들리다, 맞다, 에게 인사하다, 눈에 띄다 grief: 재난, 실패하다, 비탄, 불운, 깊은 슬픔, 고통 grieve: 괴롭히다, 괴로워하다, 슬퍼하다, 몹시 슬퍼하다, 가슴 아파하다, 농장 관리인, 마음 아파하다, 관리자, 슬픔에 잠기게 하다 grieved: 슬퍼하는, 슬픈 grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게 하는, 한탄할 만한 grievously: 슬프도록 groan: 신음하다, 그 소리, 괴로워하다, 으르렁거리다, 열망하다, 불평의 소리, 가 넘칠 정도로 많이 있다, 갈망하다, 신음하는 듯한 목소리로 말하다, 신음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리 groat: 조금, 엣 영국의 4펜스 은화, 영국의 옛날 사펜스 은화, 그로트 gross: 거친, 짙은, 뚱뚱한, 전체의, 울창한, 굉장한, 총량의, 투박한, 조악한, 그로스, 도매로 grossness: 우둔, 농후, 엄청남, 비대, 과대, 조잡 guarded: 조심성 있는, 신중한, 감시되어 있는, 방어되어 있는 guardian: 보호자, 후견인, 관리인, 보호하는, 수호자, 감시인 guardianship: 보호, 후견인의 임무, 수호, 후견권, 후견직, 후견 guess: 추측, 생각하다, 알아맞히다, 추측하다, 직각하다, 라고 생각하다, 풀어맞히다, 생각해맞히다,

286

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

추단하다, 어림 짐작으로 말하다 guidance: 안내, 지도, 유도, 지휘, 교도 guilt: 죄, 비행, 유죄, 죄의식 guiltless: 모르는, 경험 없는, 죄없는, 갖지않은, 죄가 없는 guilty: 죄가 있는, 죄가 있는 듯한, 죄를 범한, 죄에 대한 가책을 느끼는, 죄에 해당하는, 죄의식에 사로잡힌 상태, 죄의 자각이 있는, 저지른, 의 죄를 범한 gulf: 만, 심연, 화방수, 큰 간격, 소용돌이, 깊은 구멍, 소용 돌이, 보통 급제 habit: 습관, 버릇, 습성, 에 살다, 복장, 기질, 체질, 여성승마복, 입히다, 여성 승마복, 의복 habitation: 거주, 주소, 주택 habits: 버릇, 습관 hail: 싸락눈, 퍼붓다, 빗발치듯 쏟아지다, 이라 부르며맞이하다, 큰소리로 부르다, 인사, 환호, 의 출신이다, 인사하다, 우박, 싸라기눈 hale: 정정한, 잡아 끌다, 잡아당기다, 근력이 좋은, 건장한 hallow: 숭배하다, 하느님께 바치다, 신성하게하다, 어이, 성자의, 신성한 것으로서 숭배하다 hallowed: 신성한, 신성화한, 존경받는, 신성화된 handkerchief: 손수건 handled: 자루가 달린, 핸들이 있는 handling: 취급, 수법, 조종, 손에 대기, 운용, 처리, 손을 댐 handmaid: 하녀, 시녀, 몸종, 보조적인 것 handwriting: 필적, 육필, 필사본 hang: 교살하다, 걸다, 조금도, 벽에 바르다, 걸림새, 취지, 늘어뜨리다, 방식, 사용법, 요령, 늘어지다 hanging: 교수형, 임박한, 매달린, 커튼, 걸린 것, 교살, 내리막, 교수형에 처할, 급경사, 급경사의, 매달기 hap: 우연, 행운, 우연한 일, 일어나다, 우연이 일어나다 haphazard: 아무렇게나, 우연, 되는대로, 우연의, 되는대로의, 우연한 hapless: 불행한, 불운한 haply: 우연히, 아마, 어쩌면 happily: 행복하게, 우연히, 운좋게, 다행하게도 happiness: 행복, 행운, 유쾌, 교묘, 적절, 기쁨, 교묘함 harass: 괴롭히다 harbour: 피난처, 항구, 은신처 숨기다, 품다 정박하다, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다, 정박하다

hardship: 고난, 학대, 고생, 곤란 hare: 산토끼 hark: 듣다, 경청하다 harm: 해, 손해, 된서리 맞다, 해악, 손상, 상해, 해치다 harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 없는 harmonious: 조화된, 화목한, 의좋은, 가락이 맞는, 균형잡힌, 화성의 harmoniously: 조화되어, 사이 좋게 harmony: 조화, 화성, 화합, 일치, 일치점 요람 harsh: 거친, 엄한, 가혹한, 껄껄한, 야한, 귀에 거슬리는, 호된 hart: 고라니의 수컷, 수사슴 harvest: 수확, 수확기, 수확하다, 추수, 결과, 보수, 거두어 들임, 소득, 수확물, 수확기의, 수확물의 hast: 단수 haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함 hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게 하다 hatchet: 자귀, 화해하다 hate: 미워하다, 증오, 좋아하지 않다, 몹시 싫어하다, 따돌리다, 증오의 대상, 미움 hated: 미워하는 hateful: 미운, 싫은, 증오에 찬, 지긋지긋한, 가증스런, 가증스러운, 미워할만한 hath: 직설법, 현재 hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움 haughtiness: 오만 haunt: 소굴, 출몰하다, 나오다, 자주가다, 마음에 붙어 다니다, 자주가는 장소, 에 자주 가다, 나타나다, 끊임없이 출입하는 장소, 자주 나타나다 hay: 건초, 건초를 만들다, 마초, 잔돈의, 잔돈, 건초의 headlong: 거꾸로, 곧바로, 성급한, 무모하게, 거꾸로의, 곤두박이의 heal: 고치다, 낫다, 낫게하다, 회복되다, 화해시키다 healing: 치료의, 치유, 치료 healthful: 건강에 좋은, 위생적인, 건강한, 건전한, 유익한 healthfully: 건강하게, 건전하게 healthy: 건강한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한 hearer: 듣는 사람, 방청자, 청취자 hearing: 청력, 듣기, 들어주기, 들리는 거리, 청각, 경청, 가청거리, 청위, 청취, 들리는 범위, 심문 hearken: 귀를 기울이다 hearsay: 소문, 풍문, 풍문의 heated: 격한, 뜨거워진, 흥분, 가열된, 흥분한

heathen: 이교도, 미개한, 이교의, 미개인, 불신자, 무종교자, 이교도의, 이단의, 이방인 heaven: 하늘, 천국, 상공, 하느님, 천제, 어머나 heavenly: 하늘의, 천국 같은, 훌륭한, 천부의, 거룩한, 근사한, 타고난, 천국의, 멋진, 천국과 같이 heavily: 느릿느릿, 무겁게, 묵직하게, 힘에겨운듯이, 무겁게 육중하게, 무거운 듯이, 답답하게, 몹시, 엄숙하고 무게있게 hebrew: 이스라엘 말, 히브리말, 히브리 사람, 헤브라이 사람, 히브리서, 헤브라이어, 헤브라이 사람의, 알 수 없는 말, 고대 헤브라이어, 유대인 heed: 주의, 조심, 조심하다, 유의하다, 주의하다 height: 높이, 고도, 고지, 둔덕, 절정, 한창, 극치, 높은 곳, 높음, 이 한창이어서, 하늘 heinous: 가증한, 극악무도한, 가증스러운 hellish: 가증한, 소름끼치는, 지옥같은, 가증스런, 지옥과 같은 helmet: 헬멧, 투구, 투구형, 투구 모양의 물건 helper: 조수, 지지자, 조력자, 거드는 사람, 위안자, 원조자, 돕는사람, 구조자, 협력자, 돕는 사람 helpful: 도움이 되는, 유용한 helping: 도움, 조력, 거들어줌, 조력 구원의, 한번담는 분량, 돕는 도움이 되는, 거들기 henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후 herb: 풀, 초본, 목초, 풀잎, 향료 식물, 남자 이름, 약용 식물, 식용 식물 hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이후 hereat: 차제에, 여기서, 이러므로 hereby: 이로 말미암아, 이에 의하여, 이것에 의하여 hereditary: 세습의, 유전의, 대대의, 유전성의 herein: 여기에, 이런 까닭으로, 이속에 hereof: 이것의, 이에 관해서 heresy: 이교, 이단 heretofore: 이제 까지, 지금까지, 현재 까지, 지금 까지, 이때까지 hereunto: 지금까지, 여기까지 hereupon: 여기에 있어서 hers: 그 여자의 것 hesitate: 주저하다, 망설이다 hesitating: 주저하는, 망설이는 hesitation: 주저, 망설임 hidden: 숨겨진, 숨은

Augustine hide: 숨다, 피혁, 때리다, 짐승의 가죽, 숨기다, 심하게 매질하다, 짐승 가죽, 숨기기, 숨는 장소 hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운 highness: 전하, 높음, 고가, 고위, 높이 hinder: 방해하다, 뒤의, 뒤쪽의, 방해가 되다, 방해가되다, 후방의 hindrance: 방해, 장애, 방해물 hint: 암시, 변죽울리기, 넌지시 비추다, 암시하다, 힌트, 지시, 년지시 비치다, 넌지시알리다, 귀뜸, 요령, 희미한 징조 hippocrates: 히포크라테스 hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로, 여기에 hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지 hoar: 흰, 회색의, 흰서리, 백발의, 흰백색, 회백색, 흰 서리, 하얗게 된 holily: 신성하게, 경건하게, 독실하게 holiness: 신성, 신성한 것, 성하 holy: 신성한, 거룩한, 성인 같은 homer: 호머, 홈런, 호메로스, 전서비둘기 honest: 정직한, 섞지않은, 성실한, 진짜의, 평판이 좋은, 거짓이 없는, 기특한 honestly: 정직하게, 성실하게 honesty: 정직, 성실, 솔직, 루나리아, 정절 honey: 벌꿀, 감미로운, 화밀, 정다운 말을 하다, 발림말하다, 벌꿀의, 귀여운 사람, 단것 honied: 붙임성 있는, 꿀이 있는, 꿀로 달게 한, 꿀이 많은 honour: 명예, 도의심, 면목, 명성, 우등, 존경, 끗수가 가장 높은 패, 명예가 되는 것, 명예상, 에 영광을 주다, 인수하다 honourable: 고귀한, 명예로운, 존경할만한, 고위의, 영광의, 존경할 만한 honoured: 명예스러운, 명예스럽게 생각하여, 영광스럽게 생각하여, 명예를 받은 hook: 갈고리, 훅, 코바늘, 낚시, 갈고리 모양의 곶, 굴곡부, 걸쇠, 갈고리 모양으로 굽다, 갈고리 낚시에 걸다, 갈고리 모양으로 구부리다, 훅을 먹이다 hopeful: 유망한, 희망적인, 희망에 찬, 우승을 노리는 선수, 유력 후보, 유망한 사람 horns: 어느 한 쪽 horrible: 무서운, 심한, 지겨운, 무시무시한, 오싹할 만큼 싫은 horror: 공포, 열등품, 소름끼치게하는, 염오, 무서운것,

공포의 전율, 치가 떨리는 기분, 무서운 것, 참으로 지독한 것 host: 숙주, 주인, 천사의 떼, 군세, 다수, 많은 떼, 군, 여럿, 호스트역을 맡다, 주최국을 맡다, 주인역을 맡다 hotly: 뜨겁게, 열심히, 열렬히, 몹시, 흥분하여, 맹렬히, 매우 성을 내어, 골나서, 노기를 띠고 household: 가족, 가사의, 가족의, 온 집안 사람, 가정, 동지, 왕실 houseless: 집 없는, 집이 없는 howsoever: 아무리...일지라도 humane: 우아한, 사람을 고상하게 만드는, 인정있는, 친절한, 인도적인, 사람을 고상하게 하는 humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, 인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 속성, 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애 humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다 humility: 겸손, 겸허 hunger: 굶주림, 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 공복, 갈망, 기근, 배가 고프다, 열망하다, 굶주리게 하다, 열망 hungry: 갈망하는, 배고픈, 공복의, 굶주린, 메마른, 몹시 원하는, 불모의, 식욕을 일으키는 hunting: 사냥, 추구, 탐색, 수렵, 난조의, 수렵의, 탐구, 탐구의, 난조 hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는 hurriedly: 매우 급히, 서둘러서 hurt: 상처, 고통, 다치다, 부상, 부상을 입히다, 상처를 입히다, 아프다, 상처를 입다, 해를 입다, 에 상처를 내다, 상하게 하다 hurtful: 해로운 hushed: 고요한, 조용해진 hymn: 찬송가, 찬송하다, 찬미하다, 찬송가를 부르다 ice: 얼리다, 얼음, 당의, 다이아몬드, 아이스크림, 차가움, 쌀쌀함, 보석, 암표 장수가 극장측에 내는 수수료, 얼음판의 얼음, 얼음의 idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지 않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭 없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고 보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다 idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만, 놀고지냄 idly: 무익하게, 멍하니, 게으르게, 헛되이, 빈둥거려, 빈둥거리며, 하는일 없이, 게을리, 한는 일 없이 idol: 우상, 사신, 숭배 받는 것, 인기 있는 사람, 선입적 유견 ignoble: 불명예스러운, 야비한, 신분이 천한, 시시한, 멸시할 만한, 저열한, 비천한, 천한, 하등의 ignorance: 무식, 무지, 모르고 있음

287 ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는, 무지한 ill: 서투른, 병든, 나쁜, 나쁘게, 불행, 악, 불친절하게, 불친절한, 고난, 병고, 형편이 나쁜 ill-favoured: 못생긴 ill-omened: 불길한 illuminate: 비추다, 계몽하다, 밝아지다, 분명히 하다, 을 명백히 하다, 광명을 던지다, 명성을 높이다, 장식하다, 광채를 더하다, 해명하다, 유명하게하다 illuminating: 조명하는, 비추는, 밝히는, 계몽적인 illusion: 환상, 환영, 착각, 환각, 오해, 미망 imaginary: 상상의, 가공의어떤 사물이 상상으로서만 존재하는, 비현실적이어서 신용할수 없는, 허수, 상상상의, 허수의 imagination: 상상, 상상력, 창작력, 공상, 창조력, 심상, 구상력, 망상이해력 imbibe: 마시다, 흡수하다, 섭취하다, 동화하다, 받아 들이다 imbue: 고취하다, 배게 하다불어 넣다, 불어넣다, 듬뿍스며 들게 하다, 물들이다, 침투시키다, 에 스며들게 하다, 에 불어넣다, 더럽히다 imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다, 모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다, 모사하다, 위조하다 imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의, 모방된, 흉내내어진 imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내, 인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것, 모조, 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법 immense: 광대한, 거대한, 훌륭한, 한없는, 막대한, 광대하다, 멋진, 이루 헤아릴수 없는, 굉장히, 굉장한, 아주 immersed: 열중해서, 잠긴, 물속에서 자라는 immoderate: 극단적인, 중용을 결한, 지나친, 절도 없는, 엄청난, 무절제한, 절제 없는 immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는, 불후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람, 불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의 불후의, 죽지않는 사람, 불멸의, 명성이 사라지지 않는 사람 immortality: 불사, 불후, 불멸, 불후의 명성, 영속성, 영원한 생명 immortally: 영원히, 영생불멸하여, 무한히, 매우, 끝까지 죽지않고 immovably: 부동의, 동요되지 않는, 확고한, 냉정한 부동산 immutable: 불변의, 변경되지 않는

288

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

impair: 해치다, 감하다, 손상시키다, 덜다, 떨어뜨리다 impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는 impart: 전하다, 곁들이다, 나눠 주다덧붙이다, 말해버리다, 알리다, 주다, 첨가하다, 나누어주다 impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 안달, 성급 impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 못견디는 impatiently: 성급하게, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하며, 참을수 없는, 못 견디는, 성마른 imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의 imperfection: 불완전, 결점, 결함 imperishable: 불멸의, 불후의, 부패하지 않는, 불사의, 영원한 imperturbable: 침착한, 냉정한, 동요치 않는, 동요하지 않는, 태연한 impiety: 불경, 신앙심이 없음, 신앙심이 없는 행위, 불손, 경건하지 않음, 불심, 불경한 말, 사악한 말, 사악한 행위, 신앙심 없는, 신앙심이 없는 말 impious: 신앙심이 없는, 불경한, 사악한, 신앙심 없는, 경건치 않은 implanting: 꽂아 넣고 있는 imply: 함축하다, 의 뜻을 포함하다, 의미하다, 암시하다, 수반하다, 뜻하다, 내포하다, 포함하다 importunity: 끈덕진 요구, 끈덕짐, 끈덕진 재촉, 끈질기게 조름, 끈질김 impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한, 노쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한, 능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, 성교불능자 impregnable: 난공 불락의, 확고한, 도덕심이 견고한, 수정가능한, 굴치않는, 지지않는, 끄떡 않는, 난공 불락 impress: 날인, 감동시키다, 흔적, 징발하다, 인용하다, 특징, 찍다, 징집하다, 누르다, 감명, 감명을 주다 impressed: 감명을 받아, 감명하여 impression: 인상, 날인, 흔적, 느낌, 자국, 생각, 인쇄, 감명, 영향, 의치의 본, 인각 improperly: 버릇없는, 부적당한, 그른, 온당치 못한 impunity: 형을 받지 않음, 형, 처벌되지 않음, 을 받지 않음, 무사히, 무벌, 벌을 받지 않음, 해를 받지 않음

impure: 더러운, 부도덕한, 신성하지 않는, 혼색의, 종교적으로 더럽하지, 음단한, 외설한, 불순한, 더러운 불결한순수하지 않은불순물이 섞인, 불순한 부도덕한, 관용적이 아닌 impurity: 불결, 음란, 불순물, 불순, 외설불순물, 혼합물 impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다 inaccessible: 접근하기 어려운, 친해지기 어려운, 움직여 지지 않는, 얻기 힘든, 얻기, 도달하기, 난해한, 가까이 가기, 어려운, 가까이하기 어려운 inactive: 현역이 아닌, 게으른, 움직이지 않는, 불선광성의방사능이 없는, 활동하지 않은, 나태한, 불활동의, 비선광 성의, 사용되지 않고 있는불활성의, 비활성의, 활동하지 않는 inanimate: 생명없는, 생명이 없는, 활기가 없는 inappropriately: 부적당한 inasmuch: 때문에, 이므로, 인 한은 incarnation: 구체화, 화신, 권화, 실현, 육신을 입으심, 육아발생, 육체를 부여함, 인간화, 육체를 부여하기, 강생 incense: 향, 향을 피우다, 분향하다, 아첨, 에 향을 피우다, 아부, 방향, 향내, 성나게 하다, 노하게 하다, 몹시 화나게 하다 inchoate: 불완전한, 창시하다, 시작한, 시작하다, 방금, 미완성의, 막 시작한, 방금 시작한 inclination: 경향, 기울기, 경사, 경각, 경도, 성향, 기울이기, 의향, 숙임, 사면, 비탈 incline: 기울이다, 기울다, 경사, 굽히다, 내키다, 에 가깝다, 의 경향이 있다, 의 경향이 생기게 하다, 으로 돌리게 하다, 숙이다, 내키게 하다 inclined: 경사진, 하고 싶어하여, 에 마음이 내키는, 경사진각도를 이루는, 경각을 이루는, 경향을 나타내며, 경향이 있는 incommutable: 교환할 수 없는, 불편의, 환산할 수 없는, 바꿀수 없는, 불변의, 교환할수 없는 incomparably: 비교할 수 없는, 빼어나게, 비교가 안될 정도로, 견줄 나위 없는 incomprehensible: 무한한, 불가해한, 무한한것, 이해할 수 없는, 이해할수 없는 incongruously: 부조리하게, 앞뒤가않맞게, 일치하지않게

incorporeal: 무형의, 형체가 없는, 영적인, 영적인무체 상속재산 incorrect: 부정확한, 관례상어긋난, 타당치 못한, 타당치 않은 incorruptible: 매수되지 않는, 청렴결백한, 썩지않는, 부패하지않는, 불후의, 부패하지 않은 incorruptibly: 청렴하게, 정직하게 incorruption: 부패하지 않음, 청렴결백, 결백, 청렴 incredible: 믿어지지 않는, 엄청난, 거짓말 같은, 굉장한, 놀라운, 믿기 어려운, 신용할수 없는, 놀랄만한 incredibly: 거짓말 같은, 믿을수 없을 만큼, 믿기 어려운, 대단히, 매우 incurable: 불치의, 불치의 환자, 구제 불능자, 불치의 교정불능의 indebted: 부채가 있는, 빚이 있는, 신세를 진, 은혜를 입은 indefinitely: 막연히, 무기한으로, 부정의, 불명료한, 불명확하게, 일정하지 않은, 한계 없는 indicated: 가리키는 indigent: 가난한, 궁핍한, 이 없는, 불완전한, 결합이 있는 indigested: 충분히 고려되지 않은, 미숙한, 서투른, 소화 안되는조잡한, 소화되지않는, 어설픈혼란상태의, 소화 안되는 indignant: 분개한, 성난 indite: 짓다, 쓰다 indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 엄하지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는 inebriate: 대주가, 취하게하다, 취한, 모주망태, 술꾼, 술에 취한 inebriation: 취하게하다, 술취한 상태, 음주벽, 명정, 모주망태, 취한, 취하게 함 inevitable: 피할 수 없는, 필연적인, 어김없는, 피할길 없는, 판에 박은, 어쩔수 없는 운명, 부득이한, 변함없는, 면하기 어려운, 당연한, 고정적인 inevitably: 필연적인, 피할 수 없는 inexperienced: 경험이 없는 서투름, 미숙, 무경험, 경험이 없는 inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는, 양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지 infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소, 요람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에, 유년시대 infant: 유아, 유아의, 초기의, 소아, 미성년의, 미성년자, 유치한, 유아용, 소아의, 아이 infantine: 유아의, 유치한, 어린이같은, 유아 기의, 유아같은 infected: 병균을 혼입하는, 병독을

Augustine 혼입하는, 영향을 미치는, 감염되는, 물들게 하, 물들이는 infection: 감화, 전염병, 감염나쁜 감화, 감염증, 공기전염, 영향, 오염전염병, 전염, 공기 전염 infer: 추론하다, 의미하다, 암시하다, 추단하다, 추측하다 inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은 infidelity: 신앙심이 없음, 불의, 배신, 배신행위, 부정, 불신, 간통, 무신앙, 불심, 크리스트교를 믿지 않음 infinite: 무한의, 막대한, 끝없는, 무한대, 부정의, 부정형의, 무한한 공간, 무한량, 완전무결한, 무한, 무수한 infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히, 무한의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한 infinitude: 무수한, 무한, 무궁, 무한한, 무한한 수량 infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함 inflame: 염증을 일으키다, 충혈시키다, 노하게 하다, 흥분시키다, 불붙다, 불태우다, 염증이 생기다, 빨갛게 부어오르다, 불을 붙이다, 과도히 자극하다, 격노하다 inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한 inflammation: 점화, 연소, 염증, 격노, 흥분 inflection: 굴절, 음성의 조절, 굴곡, 어형변화, 어미변화, 굴곡굽음, 억양, 굽음 informed: 지식이 있는, 지식의 필요한, 소식통의, 견문이 넓은, 사정에 밝은, 학식이 있는 informing: 유익한, 교육적인 infuse: 붓다, 우러나다, 고취하다, 우리다, 부어넣다, 우려내다, 주입하다불어넣다, 달이다 inhabitant: 주민, 거주자, 서식동물 inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는 inharmonious: 조화되지 않은, 불협화의, 불화의, 가락이 어울리지 않는, 원만하지 않은, 가락이 맞지 않는, 부조화의 inheritance: 유산, 상속, 유전, 상속권, 상속 재산, 유전질, 타고난 재능, 물려받은 것, 계승, 가독, 상속재산 iniquity: 부정, 부정행위, 죄악, 죄, 불법 initiation: 개시, 가입, 입회, 입문, 비전 전수, 비법을 전함, 창업, 입회식, 전수, 창시, 초보지도

initiatory: 입회의, 처음의, 초보의, 초보지도의, 최초의 injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다 injured: 부상한, 감정이 상한, 손상된, 다친, 감정을 상한, 상처입은, 부상자들, 다쳐서 injurious: 해로운, 모욕적인, 부당한, 유해한, 부정한사람을 헤치는, 불법의, 중상적인, 불법인 injustice: 부정, 불공평, 부정행위, 불법, 권리침해 inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음 깊은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이 간직한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의, 가장 깊은속의 innate: 타고난, 선천적인, 본질적인, 고유의, 본유적인, 천부의 inner: 내부의, 안의, 정신의, 영적인, 밥통, 비밀의, 위, 영혼, 안쪽의, 과녁의 내권내권 명중, 식욕 innocence: 무죄, 천진난만, 결백, 순진, 꼭두서니과의 일종, 무해, 순결, 숫 됨, 현삼과의 일종, 깨끗함, 때묻지 않음 innocency: 무죄, 천진난만, 결백, 순진, 꼭두서니과의 일종, 깨끗함, 숫 됨, 순결, 무해, 현삼과의 일종, 때묻지 않음 innocent: 순진한, 죄없는, 호인, 결백한, 흠없는, 결백한 사람, 때묻지 않은, 무식한, 무해의, 무해한, 바보 innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는 innumerably: 무수한, 이루 셀 수 없는 inordinate: 과도한, 무절제한, 지나친, 난폭한 insatiable: 탐욕스러운, 만족할줄 모르는, 물릴 줄 모르는, 탐욕한, 만족할 줄 모르는 insatiate: 만족할 줄 모르는 insensibly: 알아차리지 못할 만큼, 천천히, 눈에 띄지 않을 정도로 inseparable: 분리할 수 없는, 친구, 나눌수없는, 떨어지기 어려운것, 떨어질수 없는, 나눌 수 없는 inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한 insight: 통찰력, 통찰, 식견, 견식, 간파, 간파력, 안식 insolently: 무례한, 안하무인의 insomuch: 만큼, 의 정도로, 이므로 inspect: 검열하다, 사열하다, 시찰하다, 점검하다, 면밀하게 살피다, 조사하다, 검사하다 inspiration: 영감, 인스피레이션, 고무, 감화, 시사, 영감에 의한 착상,

289 성령감응, 신통한 생각, 숨을 들이마심, 숨 쉼, 들이마시는 숨 inspire: 고무하다, 시사하다, 불어넣다, 영감을 주다, 숨을 들이 쉬다, 숨을 들이쉬다, 일어나게하다, 빨아들이다, 지시를 주다, 고취하다, 감격시키다 inspired: 영감을 받은, 숨을 들이마신, 영감으로 쓰여진, 사실에 기인하지 않는, 내의를 받은, 뜻을 반영한, 영감을 느낀, 사주를 받은 inspiring: 고무하는, 영감을 주는, 용기를 주는, 한 감정을 불어넣는 instability: 불안정, 변덕, 변하기 쉬움, 불안정성 instance: 경우, 보기로 들다, 소송, 예, 권고, 권유, 실례, 시사, 제의, 보기실례, 부탁 instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의, 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의, 인스턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의 instantly: 즉석에서, 즉시, 즉시로, 당장에, 곧, 하자마자 instinct: 본능, 천성, 가득 찬, 넘치는, 배어든, 직각력, 가득찬 instinctive: 본능적인, 천성의, 직관적인 institution: 설립, 학회, 제도, 협회, 원, 관례, 단, 명물, 공공 기관, 창립, 잘알려진 사람 instruct: 지시하다, 알리다, 가르치다, 통고하다, 교육하다, 명령하다, 에게 교수하다, 에게 명령하다, 에게 지시하다, 보고하다 instruction: 교수, 명령, 교육, 지시, 훈령, 교훈, 소송위임장, 지령, 지식, 가르침 instructor: 교사, 지도자, 전임강사, 가르치는 사람, 강사, 사범님, 교수하는 사람 insult: 모욕하다, 모욕, 모욕적 언동, 무례, 손상, 에게 무례한 짓을 하다, 욕보이다 insultingly: 모욕적인 intellectual: 지적인, 지식인, 이지적인, 식자, 지력의, 지력을 요하는, 지력이 발달한, 머리를 쓰는, 지력 있는 intelligence: 지성, 지성적 존재, 총명, 지능, 지혜, 정보, 이해력, 보도, 첩보기관, 정보부원, 정보 기관 intelligent: 지적인, 총명한, 영리한, 현명한, 정보처리 기능을 가진, 재치있는, 이해력있는, 이해력이 좋은, 이성적인, 이해력이 있는 intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인 intemperance: 무절제, 방종, 과도,

290

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

무절제한, 폭음하는, 혹독한, 폭음대주 intend: 할 작정이다, 예정하다, 의미하다, 의도하다, 하려고 생각하다, 지정하다, 셈이다, 뜻하다, 꾀하다, 기도하다, 가리키다 intense: 격렬한, 열심인, 매우 짙은, 정렬적인, 열정적인, 노력적인, 감정적인, 긴장된, 강한, 심한 intensely: 격렬하게 intent: 의미, 의지, 열심인, 취지, 목적, 의향, 사실상, 열중하여, 집중된, 여념이 없는, 여념없는 intently: 골똘하게, 여념이 없는, 여념이 없이, 오로지, 지심의, 집중되어 있는 intercede: 중재하다, 조정하다, 중간에 들어 조정하다 intercession: 중재, 조정, 알선 intercourse: 성교, 교통, 교제, 영교, 영적인 교통, 의사의 교환, 영적 교통, 영적 교류 interior: 내부, 내륙의, 내무, 안쪽, 국내의, 내심, 내륙, 내정, 비밀의, 오지, 본성 intermission: 중지, 중절, 휴게, 막간, 휴게 시간, 막간에연주되는 곡, 휴식 시간 intermit: 단절하다, 중절하다, 결체하다, 단속되다, 일시 멈추다, 일시 멎다, 잠시 그치다, 잠시 멈추다 interpose: 간섭하다, 사이에 끼우다, 중재하다, 방해하다, 제기하다, 화면을 중복 촬영하여 바꿔넣다, 차단하다, 말참견하다, 사이에 끼우다삽입하다, 조정에 나서다, 중재에 나서다 interpret: 해석하다, 통역하다, 연주하다, 설명하다, 이해하다, 판단하다, 해몽하다, 기계 번역하다, 기계번역하다, 의 통역을 하다, 자기의 해석에 따라서 연주하다 interpretation: 해석, 통역, 연주, 연출, 설명, 음악등의 자기 해석에 따른, 판단, 극 interpreter: 연출자, 해석자, 번역기, 통역자, 해석프로그램, 설명자, 통역 interrupt: 방해하다, 가로막다, 중단하다, 중단시키다, 끼어들다, 일시 정지, 도중에서 방해하다, 저지하다 interrupted: 중단된, 가로막힌, 단속적인, 중절된 interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 중절, 불통 interval: 간격, 휴게시간, 음정, 이따금, 때때로, 차거리, 여기저기, 틈막간, 휴지기, 휴지시간, 막간 intimacy: 친밀, 친교, 정교, 밀통,

간통, 친밀함을 나타내는 행위, 불의 intimate: 친밀한, 상세한, 암시하다, 사사로운, 깊은, 친구, 친한친구, 알리다, 일신상의, 정교를 맺고 있는 사통하고 있는, 친숙한 intimately: 친밀히, 친밀하게, 충심으로, 직접적으로, 상세하게, 내심으로 intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한, 참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는 intoxicated: 취하다, 흥분한, 술취한, 도취된 intricate: 복잡한난해한, 얽힌, 복잡한, 뒤얽힌, 뒤섞인 intrude: 침입하다, 방해하다, 강제하다, 강요하다, 관입시키다, 처넣다, 억지로 밀고 들어가다, 참견하다, 밀고 들어가다, 억지로 밀어넣다, 밀어붙이다 invest: 포위하다, 입히다, 주다, 투자하다, 수여하다, 쓰다, 싸다, 지니게하다, 착용시키다, 부여하다, 에 투자하다 invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는, 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는, 얼굴을 내놓지 않는 invite: 초대장, 초대하다, 끌다, 가져오다, 초래하다, 간청하다, 자아내다, 부탁하다, 끌다 쏠리게하다, 야기시키다, 청하다 inviting: 초대하는, 유혹적인, 마음을 끄는, 마음이 동하는, 사람을 끄는, 좋아보이는 inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, 마음의, 수입의 inwardly: 내부에, 마음속에 몰래, 마음속으로, 안으로, 작은 목소리로, 안쪽으로, 내부로 irons: 족쇄 irrational: 이성이 없는, 불합리한, 무리의 부진근수의무리수, 분별없는, 무리수의, 무리수, 무리의, 부진근수의 irrevocable: 되부를 수 없는, 취소할 수 없는, 변경할 수 없는 irritate: 자극하다, 화나게 하다, 초조하게 만들다, 염증을 일으키다, 짜증나게하다, 무효로 하다, 염증을 일으키게 하다, 안달하게하다, 무효로하다, 노하게 하다, 실효시키다 isaiah: 이사야, 이사야서, 히브리의 대예언자, 남자 이름, 남자이름 israel: 이스라엘, 야곱의 별명, 이스라엘 사람, 이스라엘 공화국, 이스라엘사람, 하느님의 선민, 유대 사람, 그리스도 교도, 유대사람,

야곱의 자손 italian: 이탈리아의, 이탈리아사람, 이탈리아 사람, 이탈리아말, 이탈리아 말 itch: 가려움, 가렵다, 근질근질하다, 참을수 없는, 하고 싶어 좀이 쑤시다, 갈망, 못견디다, 열망, 옴, 욕망, 가려운 itching: 가려운, 가려움, 갈망, 하고 싶어 못견디는, 하고싶어 못견딤 jacob: 야곱 jarring: 충돌, 귀에 거슬리는 삐걱거림, 삐걱거리는, 알력, 부조화, 삐걱거림 jealous: 불신앙을 용서치 않는, 샘내는, 질투많은, 경계심이 강한, 다른 신을 섬기는 것을 허락지 않는, 지키는데 급급한, 질투심 많은 jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 없는 배려 jeer: 조롱, 조소, 조롱하다, 희롱하다 jerusalem: 예루살렘 jest: 웃음거리, 농담, 희롱, 우롱하다, 놀리다, 농담을 하다, 농담하다, 까불다 jesus: 예수 jew: 유대인, 히브리인, 유태인, 욕심 많은 고리대금업자 joining: 결합하는, 결합하는 것, 접합하는, 접합하는 것 jointly: 공동으로, 합동으로 joking: 농담하는, 장난치는 jordan: 요르단 왕국, 요르단, 요드란의, 요드란 강의, 요드란 강, 요드란 joseph: 요셉, 여자를 싫어하는 남자, 남자 이름 jove: 천만에, 맹세코, 목성, 주피터 joy: 즐거움, 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 기쁨거리, 행복, 기쁘게 해주다, 기쁨을 주는 것 joyful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 기쁜 joyous: 즐거운 joyously: 기쁘게 judgment: 판단, 천벌, 재판, 판결, 분별, 심판, 비관, 감정, 견식, 의견, 비판 julian: 남자이름, 세짤의 juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, 접합, 접속, 연접, 전기 juno: 주노 jupiter: 목성, 주피터, 중거리 탄도탄 justification: 정당화, 변호, 의롭다고 인정됨, 변명, 옹호, 의인, 행위의 정당화 justify: 정당함을 나타내다, 의 이유가 되다, 비난에 대하여 변명하다, 고르게하다, 정당화하다, 정당화 하다, 의 정당한 이유가 되다,

Augustine 충분한 근거를 제시하다, 죄인을 옳다고 하다, 신이 옳다고 하다, 의 행 사이를 조정하다 justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게 keen: 열심인, 예민한, 날카로운, 예리한, 살을 에는 듯한, 통곡하다, 산란한, 모진, 곡성, 격렬한, 강한 ken: 시계, 지식 범위, 시야, 남자 이름, 발견하다, 안계, 소굴, 알다, 지력의 범위, 인정하다 kindle: 타오르게 하다, 빛나다, 점화하다, 불을 붙이다, 밝게 하다, 불이 붙다, 흥분하다, 얼굴 따위가 빛나다, 정열 따위를 타오르게 하다, 불붙다, 태우다 kindly: 친절한, 쾌히, 기꺼이, 상냥하게, 상냥한, 온하한, 쾌히 받아들이다, 친절히, 기후 따위가 온화한, 온화한, 자연히 kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한 태도, 친절한 행위 kindred: 유사, 혈족, 친척 관계, 일가 권속, 혈족의, 같은 성질의, 친척, 같은 종류의, 같은 종류, 혈연, 혈연의 knee: 무릎, 무릎으로 대다, 무릎모양의 것, 무릎 모양의 것, 무릎으로 건드리다, 무릎 모양의 물건 knees: 무릎 knit: 뜨다, 찌푸리다, 밀착시키다, 짜다, 편물하다, 접합하다, 뜨개질을 하다, 합하다, 눈살을 찌푸리다, 팔자로 찌푸려 지다 knitting: 편물, 뜨개질, 뜨개질 세공, 짜기 knock: 노킹, 노크, 두드리다, 부딪치다, 치다, 튼튼한, 두드림, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 깍아내리다, 그 소리, 헐뜯다 knocking: 노킹, 문두들김 knocks: 녹스 knottiness: 분규, 마디 투성이 knotty: 엉킨, 마디 많은, 해결이 어려운, 매듭 있는, 결절이 있는, 결절의, 분규된 knowingly: 약삭 빠르게, 일부러, 알면서, 아는 체하고, 자랑스러운 얼굴로, 알고 있으면서 laboured: 억지의, 어려운, 애쓴, 공들인, 곤란한, 문장 따위 고심한 흔적이 있는, 고심한 흔적이 있는 lacking: 이 결핍된, 결핍되어 laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는, 짐을 실은 laid: 집에 틀어박힌, 몸져 누워 있는 lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비가, 애석해 하다 lamentable: 슬픈, 통탄할

lamented: 애도를 받는 lancet: 랜싯, 첨두 창, 첨두 아치, 랜싯 창, 랜싯 아치 languishing: 번민하는, 쇠약해 가는, 감상적인, 계속되는, 꼬리를 끄는, 꾸물대는, 점점 쇠약해지는 lap: 무릎, 싸다, 핥다, 기르는 환경, 한바퀴 돌다, 아랫자락, 기꺼이 듣다, 접어겹치다, 한번감기, 처진 부분, 무릎부분 largeness: 다수의, 막연히, 큰, 관대한, 큼, 위대함, 과장된 상태, 관대 lashed: 속눈썹이 있는, 속눈썹이 ...한 lastly: 최후에, 최후로 lathe: 선반 latin: 라틴어의, 라틴어, 로마 카톨릭교의, 라틴계의 사람, 라틴의 lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공 laugh: 웃다, 웃음, 흥겨워하다, 시키다, 조모하다, 웃으며 ...하다, 곡식 따위가 유쾌한 듯이 소리내어 웃다, 경치 따위가 유쾌한 듯이 소리내어 웃다, 물 따위가 유쾌한 듯이 소리내어 웃다, 소리를 내어 웃다, 웃어서 이르게 하다 laughter: 웃음, 웃음소리 lawful: 법정의, 정당한, 합법의, 법률이 인정하는, 적법의 lawfully: 정당한, 합법의, 법정의 lawless: 무법의, 누를 수 없는, 법률없는, 법률이 없는, 법률이 행해지지 않는 lawyer: 법률가, 변호사 laxly: 느슨하게, 방종하게, 미지근하게 laying: 부설, 조준, 쌓음, 꼬는 법, 애벌칠, 쌓기, 놓기, 한 배에 깐 알, 끌어 댐, 설치, 한 번에 까는 알 leaden: 답답한, 납의, 납으로 만든, 무딘, 납빛의, 나른한, 뻐근한, 무기력한, 활발치 못한, 무가치한 leads: 지붕을 잇는데 쓰는 함석 leaning: 경향, 경사, 기호 learned: 학구적인, 학식 있는, 학자의, 학문상의, 학문이 있는, 학식이 있는 learner: 학문, 가르치다, 배우다, 외다, 학습자, 임시 면허 운전 연습자 leasing: 거짓말, 거짓말함, 허위, 거짓말을 함 leaven: 효모, 발효시키다, 영향을 주다, 누룩, 감화를 주는 것, 이스트를 넣어 부풀어오르게 하다, 영향을 주는 것, 부풀어오르게 하다, 에 잠세력을 미치다, 에 영향을

291 미치다 lecture: 강의, 훈계, 강의하다, 설교, 강연하다, 에게 강의하다 leisure: 여가, 천천히, 안일, 한가한, 한가한 시간 lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다, 작게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 적게 하다 lesser: 보다작은, 보다 적은, 보다 작은, 보다 적게 lesson: 학과, 교훈, 일과, 과업, 연습, 수업, 훈계하다, 연속적인 수업, 과, 교과서 중의 과, 교습 lessons: 수업, 연속적인 수업 lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지나 않을까 하고 lethargy: 혼수, 활발치 못한, 무기력, 혼수 상태, 혼수 병 lewd: 음탕한, 호색의 liability: 의무, 부담, 경향, 부채, 책임이 있음, 책임, 의무로서의 책임이 있음, 불리해지는 사항, 경향이 있음, 의 경향이 있음 liar: 거짓말쟁이 liberality: 자유로운, 자유주의의, 대범한, 관대한, 마음이 너그러움, 선사 liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역, 방종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은 특권, 특권, 할 자유 licence: 면허, 멋대로함, 특허, 허가증, 방종 면허를 주다, 방종, 파격, 승낙, 문예 작품에서 허용되는 파격 lick: 핥다, 속력, 에 이기다, 조금, 넘실거리다, 한번 핥기, 핥음, 해내다, 일격, 급속히 번지다, 너울거리다 lied: 가곡, 리드 life-giving: 생명을 주는, 생기를 주는 lift: 승강기, 승진, 향상시키다, 올림, 도둑, 위로 향함, 높아지다, 제거하다, 올라가다, 걷힘, 캐내다 lifter: 승강기 운전사, 들어올리는 사람, 들어올리는 것 lighted: 불이 켜진 lighten: 밝게 하다, 밝아지다, 빛나다, 빛깔을 엷게 하다, 비추다, 번쩍이다, 에게 광명을 주다, 가볍게하다, 환해지다, 경감하다, 의 빛깔을 엷게 하다 lightly: 가볍게, 명랑하게, 부드럽게, 쉽사리, 민첩하게, 경솔히, 사뿐히, 약간, 얕게, 홀가분하게, 조용히 lights: 가축의 허파, 허파, 양 따위의 허파, 돼지 따위의 허파 lightsome: 빛나는, 쾌활한, 밝은, 경솔한, 재빠른 likeness: 비슷함, 상사성, 외관, 초상,

292

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

흡사한 것, 흡사한 사람 likewise: 마찬가지로, 또한, 똑같이, 그리고 또한 lineage: 혈통, 부족, 민족, 일렬 정렬, 일렬 정돈 lined: 안을 댄, 선을 그은 linger: 어정거리다, 질질 끌다, 오래 머물다, 나중에까지 남다, 꾸물거리다, 쉬이 사라지지않다, 우물쭈물 보내다, 질질 끌게 하다, 우물쭈물하다, 떠나기를 망설이다 lingering: 머뭇거리는, 오래끄는, 못내 아쉬운, 미련이 있는, 오래 끄는, 주저하는 links: 골프장, 모래밭, 해안을 따라 기복이 있는 모래밭 lion: 사자, 용사, 명사, 아이온, 인기의 중심, 명소, 라이온, 라이온스 클럽의 회원, 사자 별자리, 사자문장, 사자인 listening: 청취, 청음, 경청, 귀를 기울임 lists: 기울기 literally: 글자뜻대로 literary: 문어의, 문학의, 문학에 소양이 깊은, 문학에 능통한, 문필의, 문어적인, 문예의, 문학적인, 학문의, 문학에 정통한 litigation: 법정다툼, 소송 livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책 lively: 명랑한, 쾌할한, 선명한, 활기있는, 잘 튀는, 활발하게, 실감을주는, 실감을 주는, 힘차게, 기운찬, 곡 따위 명랑한 lizard: 도마뱀, 유흥가의 건달 lo: 보라 load: 짐, 하중, 적재량, 근심, 섞음질을 하여 독하게 만들다, 무거운 짐, 부담, 싣다, 무겁게 하다, 부하, 총에 장전하다 loads: 잔뜩 loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, 혐오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는 loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜, 싫는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는 lodging: 하숙, 셋방, 숙소, 숙박, 하숙집, 학장 관사, 주소 lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은 logic: 논리, 논리학, 조리 longing: 갈망, 갈망하는, 사모, 고대, 고향을 몹시 그리워하고 있다, 그리움 갈망하는, 동경, 몹시 그리워하는 long-suffering: 참을성 있는, 참을성 있음 looker-on: 방관자

loose: 풀다, 풀린, 쏘다, 엉성한, 총포를 쏘다, 포장이 나쁜, 헐렁헐렁한, 헐거워지다, 흐트러진, 낙낙한, 놓다 loosen: 늦추다, 놓다, 놓아주다, 느그러지다, 풀리다, 흩어지다, 풀다, 느슨하게 하다, 느슨해지다, 의 손을 늦추다, 에 변이 나오게 하다 loquacity: 수다, 다변, 떠들석함 losing: 승산없는, 실패의, 패배의, 실패, 지는 loth: 싫은, 싫어하여 lottery: 복권, 추첨, 운 loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 극성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 불쾌히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 야비한, 야하게 loudly: 큰소리로, 화려하게, 고성으로 loveliness: 사랑스러움, 멋짐, 이쁨, 유쾌함, 아름다움, 귀여움, 즐거움, 매력 lover: 애호자, 연인, 애인, 찬미자, 문예 따위의 애호자 loves: 사랑 loving: 사랑하는, 애정을 품고있는, 친애하는, 남을 사랑하는, 충실한 lovingly: 애정을 기울여 lowering: 내려가는, 비천한, 저하시키는, 저하, 낮게 하는 lowest: 최하의, 최소의 lowliness: 비천함, 다라움, 자기를 낮춤, 겸양, 겸손 lowly: 비천한, 천하게, 신분이 낮은, 초라한, 겸소한 lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는, 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한 lucre: 이익, 돈, 부, 금전적인 이익 ludicrous: 바보같은, 익살맞은, 우스운, 시시한, 쑥스러운 lump: 덩어리, 참다, 견디다, 덩어리지다, 많음, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷다, 총체로, 덩어리로 만들다, 혹, 땅딸보, 멍청이 lure: 매력, 유혹, 미끼, 유혹하다, 불러들이다, 미끼새, 매를 불러들이다, 매혹 lust: 육욕, 열망, 색정, 강한 욕망, 갈망, 열망하다, 색욕을 일으키다, 갈망하다 lustful: 음탕한, 색골의, 호색의, 원기 왕성한 luxury: 사치, 사치품, 쾌락, 호화, 비싼 물건, 유쾌함 lying: 거짓말의, 거짓말쟁이의, 드러눕기, 거짓말하기, 거짓말하는, 드러누워 있는 macedonia: 마케도니아, 마케도니아 지방의

mad: 미친, 무모한, 열중한, 들떠서 흥청거리는, 공수병에 걸린, 미친 것 같은, 성난, 열광한, 분노 madly: 미쳐서, 극단으로, 몹시, 미친듯이 madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신 착란 magical: 마술적인, 신기한, 마법 같은, 마법의 magnify: 확대하다, 과장하다, 칭찬하다, 증대하다, 찬미하다 maiden: 처음의, 아가씨, 처녀, 미혼녀, 미혼의, 소녀, 단두대, 단두대... 미혼의, 처녀인, 처녀의 maimed: 불구의, 상한 majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄 maker: 조물주, 제조업자, 하느님, 시인, 만드는 사람, 약속 어음 발행인 malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의, 적극적인 악의 malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 있는 maliciously: 심술궂게, 악의있게 malignant: 유해한, 악성의, 악의를 품은, 적의 있는, 악의 있는 mammon: 부, 배금 manfully: 단호한, 씩씩한, 남자다운 manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자 manichee: 마니교의 교도 manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을 발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다 manifestation: 표명, 명시, 정견 발표 manifestly: 명백히, 분명히 manifold: 다양한, 다방면의, 복사를 뜨다, 여러가지의, 다수의, 사본, 다양성, 복사 지로 복사한 사본, 복사기로 복사한 사본 mankind: 남성, 인간, 인류 manna: 만나, 맛 좋은 것, 마음의 양식, 신이 내리신 음식 manners: 예의, 예절, 풍습 mansion: 대저택, 성수, 아파트 manufactures: 제품 marked: 현저한, 기호가 붙은, 눈에 띄는, 저명한, 두드러진, 기호가 있는, 주의를 끄는, 표가 있는 marketplace: 시장, 장터, 경제계, 경제의 장 marking: 표, 점, 반문, 채점하기, 답안 따위를 채점하기 marks: 득점, 자취 marriageable: 결혼할 수 있는, 혼기가 된, 과년, 특히 여성이 흔기에

Augustine 이른, 혼기에 달한, 흔기에 이른 marrow: 골수, 순수한, 정수, 서양 호박, 원기, 자양이 풍부한 음식 marry: 굳게 결합시키다, 와 결혼하다, 결혼시키다, 결혼하다, 꼬아 합치다, 밧줄 따위를 꼬아 합치다, 시집가다, 의 결혼식을 거행하다 marvel: 경이, 놀라운 것, 경탄, 놀라운 일, 불가사의하게 여기다, 놀라다, 놀람 masculine: 남자의, 남자같은, 남성, 남자다운, 남성의, 여자가 남자같은, 남성 대명사 따위, 남성 명사 masses: 다수 masters: 석사 mastery: 지배, 우위, 숙달, 승리, 정통, 우월, 통어력 meanly: 의미 있는 듯이, 일부러, 비열하게, 빈약하게, 상스럽게 meantime: 이럭저럭하는 동안에, 그 동안에, 이야기는 바뀌어, 한편 이야기는 바뀌어 measurable: 알맞은, 잴 수 있는, 측정할 수 있는, 측정할 수 있는 정도의 measured: 신중한, 정확히 잰, 정연한, 고려한, 표준에입각한, 정확하게잰, 율동적인, 박자가맞는, 박자가 맞는, 알맞은, 운을 다는 meat: 고기, 식사, 음식, 살, 알맹이, 음식물, 식용 짐승고기 meddle: 주물럭거리다, 참견하다, 만지작거리다, 공연히 만지작거리다, 간섭하다 meddling: 참견, 간섭하는, 간섭, 참견하는 medea: 메데아 mediator: 조정자, 중재인 medicine: 의학, 내복약, 의술, 약, 부적, 마술, 주술, 북미 인디언 사이의 주술, 내과 치료, 내과 meditate: 꾀하다, 숙고하다, 을 묵상하다, 명상하다, 묵상하다 meek: 온순한, 유화한, 겸손한, 기백 없는, 순한, 얌전한 meekness: 온순, 유화, 얌전함 melodious: 선율이 고운, 선율적인, 곡조가 아름다운 melody: 해조, 선율, 아름다운 곡조, 곡, 가곡, 멜로디 melt: 녹다, 가엾은 생각이 나다, 녹아 없어지다, 녹아 섞이다, 풀리다, 용해, 누그러지다, 흩뜨리다, 감정 따위가 누그러지다, 소리가 부드럽게 울려퍼지다, 부드럽게 울려퍼지다 melted: 곤드레만드레 취한 mentally: 정신적으로, 마음으로,

지력상으로 mention: 이름을 들다, 진술하다, 언급하다, 언급, 이름을 들기, 말하다 merciful: 자비로운 mercifully: 관대히, 자비롭게, 고맙게도, 다행히도, 인정 많게, 다행히 mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민 mere: 호수, 단순한, 에 불과한, 못, 명색뿐인, 에 지나지 않는, 전적인 호수 merits: 공적, 당연한 벌, 당연한 상 merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게 merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의 metre: 운율, 박자, 미터, 격조, 계량기, 보격 mightily: 힘차게 mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센, 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이 센 milan: 밀라노 milanese: 밀라노사람, 밀라노 사람, 밀라노의 mildly: 온화하게, 상냥하게, 부드럽게, 다소, 약간 milky: 젖의, 무기력한, 젖 같은, 젖과 같은, 유약한, 젖을 섞은 mimic: 모방의, 흉내내는, 가짜의, 모방자, 흉내를 잘 내는, 흉내내다 minded: 할 마음이 있는, 마음이 있는, 한 마음의, 하고 싶은 마음이 있는 mindful: 주의 깊은, 마음에 두는, 유의하는 minerva: 미네르바, 지혜의 여신 mingle: 섞다, 섞이다, 사귀다, 어울리다, 뒤섞이다 mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는 mire: 진흙, 수렁, 진창, 궁지, 진흙으로 더럽히다, 궁지에 몰아넣다, 진창에 빠지다 mirth: 환락, 명랑, 유쾌 mirthful: 명랑한, 즐거운, 유쾌한 mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체 miserable: 비참한, 불쌍한, 초라한, 딱한, 빈약한, 천박한 miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 형편없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, 지독히 misery: 불행, 비참, 빈곤, 고통, 정신적 고통, 육체적 고통 mislike: 싫어하다, 반감, 의 비위를 거스르다 missing: 보이지 않는, 있어야 할 곳에 없는, 행방 불명인, 없어진, 분실한, 행방불명의, 분실된

293 mist: 안개, 어린아이, 조금, 적으나마 성의있는 기부, 아주작은것, 금액의 단위, 소액, 흐림, 이슬비가 내리다, 안개로 덮다, 안개가 덮이다 mistaken: 잘못된, 판단이 잘못된 mistress: 정부, 애인, 여교사, 주부, 부인, 여지배자, 여주인, 연인, 여왕, 한 집안의 안 주인, 주인 mixture: 혼합, 혼합물, 첨가물, 교차, 혼방직물, 물약 moan: 신음하다, 한탄하다, 끙끙거리다, 신음, 슬픔의 신음, 불행 따위를 한탄하다, 고통의 신음, 신음 소리 mock: 모조의, 조소하다, 우롱, 흉내내어 우롱하다, 조소의 대상, 조롱하다, 무시하다-조소의 대상, 무시하다, 모방, 흉내내어 우룡하다, 모조품 mockery: 조롱, 조소의 대상, 헛수고, 흉내, 놀림, 가짜 mode: 유행, 양식, 선법, 하는 식, 식, 방법, 복장 따위의 유행, 유행하는 스타일 moderate: 알맞은, 보통의, 온건한, 온화한, 중재인 노릇을 하다, 사회하다, 온건한 사람, 절제하는, 웬만한, 중간 정도의, 누그러지다 moderation: 적당, 완화, 중용 modestly: 얌전하게, 삼가서, 겸손하게, 삼가하여, 겸손하여 modesty: 겸양, 수줍음, 정숙, 조심스러움, 겸손 modulation: 억양, 조절, 변조, 조정 moist: 습한, 눅눅한, 비가 많은, 습기찬 molest: 괴롭히다, 방해하다, 지분거리다, 희롱하다, 성적으로 희롱하다 molten: 주조된, 녹은, 특히 금속 따위 녹은 momentary: 순간의, 찰나의, 순간적인, 시시각각의 momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히 중대한, 지극히 중요한 monad: 단일체, 단자, 모나드, 단세포 생물, 단일, 일가의 원소 monastery: 수도원, 주로 남자의 수도원 monk: 수도사, 수사 monster: 괴물, 거수, 도깨비, 거대한, 악독한 사람, 악독한 사람-거대한, 괴상한 모양을 한 것, 극악 무도한 사람, 슈퍼스타 가수, 신경 중추에 작용하는 마약 monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 괴물같은, 극악 무도한, 어처구니 없는, 괴이한, 대단히 monument: 기념비, 기념물, 기념관,

294

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

기념문, 기념상, 문서, 불후의 업적, 경계표, 기념탑, 불후의 저작, 런던 대화재의 기념탑 moon: 달, 멍하니 시간을 보내다, 위성-멍하니 바라보다, 위성, 멍하니 바라보다, 행성의 위성, 초승달 모양의 것, 월광, 빈둥거리다, 멍하니 보내다, 일개월 moral: 도덕의, 정신적인, 수신, 도덕상의, 교훈적인, 도덕, 산건 등의 교훈, 윤리학, 윤리적인, 예절, 몸가짐 moreover: 더욱이, 그 위에 morrow: 아침, 이튿날, 직후 morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음식물의 한 입 mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것 mortality: 죽음을 면할 수 없음, 죽어야 할 운명, 사망률, 사망자수, 사망수, 인류, 죽음을 면치 못할 성질, 죽음을 면치 못할 운명 moses: 모세, 지도자, 모제스, 일반적으로 지도자, 남자 이름 mostly: 대개 mother-in-law: 시어머니, 장모 motherly: 어머니의, 어머니 같은, 어머니로서의, 어머니로서 motive: 운동을 일으키는, 동기, 동기가 되는, 동기가 되는-동기, 동인, 예술 작품의 주제, 동기의, 문학의 주제, 기동의, 일반적으로 주지, 주제 mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, 틀에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토 mountain: 산, 산더미 같은, 산더미처럼 큰 것, 산악당, 프랑스사의 산악당 mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 장비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치 mourn: 슬퍼하다, 애도하다, 몽상하다, 상을 입다, 을 슬퍼하다, 탄식하다 mournful: 슬픔에 잠긴, 슬픈, 애처로운 mourning: 상, 애도, 슬픔, 상복, 비탄 muddy: 충충한, 흐리게 하다, 진흙 투성이의, 진흙의, 혼란한, 혼란한진흙 투성이로 만들다, 진흙 투성이로 만들다, 진흙이 많은, 흐린, 빛 따위가 흐린, 음성 따위가 흐린 mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는 슬리퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기 multiplicity: 다양성, 중복, 다수 multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다,

번식시키다, 증가시키다 multitude: 다수, 군중 murmur: 시내의 졸졸거리는 소리, 속삭임, 불평, 파도의 출렁거리는 소리, 졸졸 소래내다, 웅성대다, 중얼 거림, 투덜거리다, 투덜거리다-중얼 거림, 속삭이다, 나뭇잎 따위의 살랑거리는 소리 musical: 음악적인, 음악의, 음악을 좋아하는, 뮤지컬, 희가극, 음악이 따르는-희가극, 음악이 따르는, 희가극 영화, 음악을 애호하는 musing: 생각에 잠긴 mutability: 부정, 변덕, 변하기 쉬움 mutable: 변하기 쉬운, 변덕의 mute: 폐쇄음의, 무언의, 벙어리의, 약음기를 달다, 회장꾼, 말 않는 배우, 벙어리 하인, 벙어리, 벌어리, 묵자의-벌어리, 묵자의 muttering: 준얼거리기 mutual: 상호의, 공통의, 공동의 mutually: 공동으로, 서로, 상호로 mysterious: 불가사의한, 이상한, 신비한, 신비적인 mystery: 신비, 비결, 중세 종교극, 성체, 불가사의, 비밀, 추리 소설, 성사극, 비법, 성사, 신비적인 사건 mystic: 신비한, 신비주으자, 비교의, 비교의-신비주으자, 비법의, 신비가, 신비적인, 신비주의적인, 정신적 상징의 mystically: 신비적으로 naked: 적나라한, 벌거벗은, 잎이 없는, 무방비의, 있는 그대로의, 꾸밈없는, 안경등에 의존하지 않은, 벌거숭이의, 드러난, 나체의, 가리개 없는 named: 유명한, 지명된, 지정의 namely: 즉, 말하자면 narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로, 편협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이 좁게 narrowness: 세밀, 편협, 좁은, 궁핍, 협량, 협소, 면밀, 좁음, 궁굅 nation: 민족, 국민, 국가, 전인류, 부족 연합, 종족, 세계의 여러국민, 이방인, 부족 nations: 근대 민족 국가, 민족 국가 native: 원주민, 토착의, 자기나라의, 출생의, 타고난, 미개인, 그 지방 고유의, 토착의 동식물, 오스트레일리아 태생의 백인, 토인의, 양식한 영국산굴 naturally: 당연히, 자연히, 있는 그대로, 물론, 본래, 태어나면서부터, 타고나기를, 진짜 그대로, 자연의 힘으로, 실물그대로, 수월하게 nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는

커녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, 뿐만아니라 neatly: 교묘하게, 깔끔하게, 맵시있게, 산뜻하게, 말쑥하게 neatness: 깔끔함, 정연, 단정, 말끔, 산뜻, 재치있음 necessities: 생필품 necessity: 필수품, 궁핍, 필요, 필요성, 필연, 필요물, 불가피, 긴급한 필요, 궁상, 궁경, 불가결한 것 needful: 돈, 필요한, 필요한 것, 필요한 돈, 없어서는 안될, 필요한 짓, 현금, 빈곤한, 필요한 일 needy: 매우 가난한, 궁핍한 사람들, 가난한, 아주 가난한 neglect: 태만, 게을리하다, 소홀, 무시하다, 무시, 하지 않다, 태만하여, 소홀히하다, 부주의한, 경시하다, 간과하다 neglected: 게을리한 negligence: 태만, 무관심, 부주의, 소홀, 단정치 못함, 등한, 과실, 자유분방, 태반한 행위, 법칙의 무시, 부주의로 인한 과실 negligent: 태만한, 부주의한, 등한한, 무관심한 neighbour: 동포, 이웃의, 이웃하다, 같은 종류끼리서로 이웃하는 것, 서로 이웃하는 것, 이웃 사람 neighbouring: 이웃의, 인접해있는, 가까운, 근처의 neptune: 해왕성, 바다의 신, 대양, 넵투누스 nest: 깃들이다, 둥지, 보금자리, 새집을 찾다, 보금자리를 짓다, 안식처, 피난처, 알자리를 찾다, 포개넣다, 둥지를 만들다, 소굴 never-failing: 무진장한 nights: 밤마다, 밤에 nill: 좋아하지 않다 nimble: 재빠른, 영리한, 현명한, 잘된, 민첩한, 빈틈없는, 잘 생각해 낸, 재주있는, 융통성있는, 재치있는, 재치가 풍부한 nineteenth: 제십구번째의 것, 제십구번째의 사람, 제 십구, 제십구의, 제 19의, 제십구번째의, 달의 19일, 열아홉분의 하나 ninety: 세기의 구십년대, 아흔, 구십의, 아흔의, 구십 ninth: 아홉번째로, 제 9, 제구, 제구의, 제구번째의 사람, 제구번째의 것, 제구번째의, 제구로, 제 9의, 구도, 아홉분의 하나의 noah: 노아, 남자의 이름, 남자 이름 nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과

Augustine 그집안 noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 뛰어난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 파괴지도자 nod: 끄덕이다, 졸다, 방심하다, 나부끼다, 깜빡 실수하다, 흔들림, 으로 쏠림, 기울다, 졸기, 잠들다, 인사하다 noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는, 최고점 note-book: 수첩 notion: 개념, 의견, 생각, 의향, 관념, 능력, 방물, 비현실적인, 의지, 이해력, 잡화 notorious: 유명한, 이름난악명높은, 악명높은, 사람 따위 유명한, 행동 따위 유명한, 주지의, 장소 따위 유명한 notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, 그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고, 함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도 nought: 영, 조금도 ...않다, 무, 보잘것없는 사람, 보잘것없는 물건 nourish: 기르다, 키우다, 보호하다, 품다, 조장하다, 육성하다, 영양분을주다, 에게 자양분을 주다, 거름을 주다 nourishing: 자양분이 많은, 자양이 되는, 영양이 되는 nourishment: 자양물, 육성, 양식, 영양물, 영양상태양식, 음식, 음식물, 자양분 공급, 조성 novelty: 진기함, 신기로움, 신고안품, 신형 novice: 초심자, 풋내기, 처음 출장하는 말, 수련자, 수련수사초신자, 수련수사, 무경험자, 초심자의 nowhere: 시시한, 어딘지 모르는 곳, 이름도 없는 존재, 무명, 별볼일 없는 null: 무효의, 가치없는, 존재하지 않는, 영으로하다, 특성없는, 하나도 없는, 제로, 영, 무표정의, 무익한, 무가치한 numberless: 무수한, 셀수 없이 많은, 셀 수 없이 많은, 번호없는, 번호 없는, 셀 수 만큼 많은 numerous: 다수의, 곡조가 아름다운, 많은, 셀수 없이 많은, 수많은 nurse: 간호하다, 유모, 젖을 먹이다, 젖을 먹다, 보모, 공을 모아놓기, 간호사로 일하다, 간호사로서 근무하다, 간호인, 보호목, 보호하다 nursery: 육아실, 양성소, 묘상, 아이방, 종묘장장, 온상,

보육학교모아치기, 보육 학교, 모아 놓은 공, 보육실, 모아치기 nuts: 제기랄, 미친 바보의, 시시해, 열중하여, 미친 obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배 obedient: 순종하는, 유순한, 고분고분한 obediently: 유순하게, 효성스럽게 obey: 복종하다, 시키는대로 움직이다, 명령대로 복종하다, 에 복종하다 oblation: 신에대한 제물, 봉납, 자선적 헌납, 헌납 obscure: 덮어 감추다, 불명료한, 어둡게 하다, 어두운, 세상에 알려지지 않은, 모호한, 눈에 띄지 않는, 거무칙칙한, 뚜렷하지 않은, 명성 따위의빛을 잃게 하다, 발음 따위를 불명료하게 하다 observance: 준수, 습관, 규율, 지켜야 할 의식, 경의, 관찰, 의식, 관찰력, 이행 observation: 관찰, 감시, 주목, 관찰결과, 관측, 소견, 관찰력, 관측 보고, 발언 observe: 관찰하다, 소견을 말하다, 지키다, 주시하다, 거행하다, 진술하다, 규칙 따위를 준수하다, 인지하다, 준수하다, 관찰에 의하여 인지하다 observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인, 주의깆은 obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한 언행, 병의 난치 occupy: 점령하다, 사용하다, 점령자, 종사시키다, 점유하다, 점거하다, 소비하다, 시일을 소비하다, 영유하다, 차지하다, 지위를 차지하다 ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 많음, 양 odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미 offence: 죄의 근원, 범죄, 위반, 의무 따위의 위반, 무례, 경미한 범죄, 공격, 관습 따위의 위반 offend: 싫은, 감정을 해치다, 죄를 범하다, 예의 따위를 위반하다, 죄를 짓게 하다, 정의감 따위를 손상시키다, 감정을 상하게 하다, 위반하다, 감각 따위를 손상시키다, 과오를 범하다, 남의 감정을 상하게 하다 offensive: 공격, 공격적인, 무례한, 불쾌한, 공세, 비위에 거슬리는, 싫은 offices: 부엌, 진력 offspring: 자식, 자손, 결과 oft: 자주, 종종 oftentimes: 자주

295 ofttimes: 가끔, 왕왕, 자주, 종종 omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을 빼먹다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다 omnipotent: 전능의, 전능의 신 openly: 공공연하게, 터놓고, 숨김없이, 공공연히, 솔직하게 opinionative: 소신상의, 의견의, 견해상의, 고집센, 자기주장을 고집하는 oppose: 반대하다, 저항하다, 대항시키다, 방해하다, 에 반대하다, 에 대항하다, 방해물로 두다, 반대다 opposed: 반대의, 적대하는, 대립된, 반대하는 oppression: 압박, 우울, 압제, 답답함, 고난 oracle: 신탁, 현인, 사람, 철인, 오러클, 신명 orally: 구두로, 말로 orator: 연설자, 웅변가 oratory: 웅변, 기도실, 작은예배당, 기도원 ordered: 정연한, 질서 바른, 정돈된 ordinance: 법령, 의식 ordinarily: 대개, 보통, 그만하게, 보통 정도로, 보통으로 origin: 태생, 가문, 기원, 혈통, 발단, 원점 ostentation: 자랑해 보임, 과시, 허영, 겉치레하기 otherwhere: 어딘가 딴 곳에, 다른 곳에 ours: 우리의 것, 우리의 가족, 우리의 연대 따위, 우리의 임무, 우리의 회사 ourself: 나 스스로, 나 자신 outer: 바깥쪽의, 외면의, 밖의, 과녁 밖, 표적의 중심권 이외의 부분, 중심권 이외의 부분, 객관적인 outset: 착수, 최초, 시초 outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의, 육체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에, 외부, 밖에, 현세적인 outwardly: 외견상, 표면상, 외면상은, 밖으로 향하여, 외면에, 밖을 향하여, 외부에 대하여, 바깥쪽에, 외부적으로 overcast: 흐린, 흐려지다, 어두워지다, 어두운, 음침한, 어둡게 하다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐린 날씨, 구름으로 뒤덮다, 감치다, 하늘이 흐린 overcome: 이겨내다, 극복하다, 압도하다, 지치다, 곤란 따위를 이겨내다, 약화시키다, 극복해 내다, 나쁜 버릇 따위를 이겨내다, 나쁜 버릇 따위를 극복해 내다, 곤란 따위를 극복해 내다, 적 따위를 극복해 내다

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overflow: 범람, 충만, 범람하다, 넘치다, 배수로, 에서 넘치다, 유출, 넘쳐흐름, 남아 돌아가다, 과다, 가장자리로 넘치게 하다 overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는 overjoyed: 기쁨에 넘친, 매우 기뻐하는 overpass: 육교, 못보고 넘기다, 넘다, 고가 도로, 능가하다, 구름다리, 빠뜨리다, 강 따위를 건너다, 견디어 내다, 한계를 넘다, 건너다 overpast: 이미 지나간 overspread: 전면에 펴다, 전면에 퍼지다, 전면에 펼치다 overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 따위를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 뒤따라 잡다, 재난 따위가 엄습해오다, 차가 추월을 하다, 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭풍우 따위가 엄습해오다 overthrow: 뒤집어 엎다, 전복, 파괴, 타도하다, 타도, 전복시키다, 정복 owe: 빚이 있다, 빚지고 있다, 은혜를 입고 있다, 을 반제할 의무가 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 의무를 지고 있다, 지고 있다 owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 기인하는 painful: 아픈, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 고통스럽게, 애써서 pains: 고생 pairs: 한 쌍의 남녀, 투표 기권을 담합하는 두 반대당의 두 명의 의원, 한편, 한쪽, 한 쌍, 연이은 계단, 쌍을 이루는 한편, 쌍을 이루는 한쪽, 두 개, 같은 것의 두 개, 동물의 한 쌍 palace: 궁전, 큰 저택, 측근의, 궁전의, 훌륭한 저택, 궁정의 유력자들 palate: 구개, 미각, 위턱, 취미, 기호 pale: 창백한, 창백하게 하다, 엷게 하다, 어슴푸레한, 엷은, 경계, 창백해지다, 한계, 중앙의 세로줄 무늬, 어둠침침한, 약한 palm: 손바닥, 승리, 우승하다, 종려나무의 가지, 종려, 장갑의 손바닥, 야자, 손바닥 모양의 부분, 속여서 안기다, 수척, 종려나무 pander: 나쁜일의 알선을 하다, 나쁜 짓을 주선하다, 매춘을 주선하다, 여자를 주선하는 남자, 주선하다 panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의 pant: 열망하다, 헐떡이다, 확 내뿜다, 숨이 참, 두근거리다, 동계, 헐떡임, 바지의, 헐떡거리다, 갈망하다, 헐떡거리며 말하다 par: 동등, 표준 타수, 동수준, 법정

평가, 액면 가격, 평가, 환평가, 기준 타수, 평균의, 기준타수, 기준타수 골프의 타수 paraclete: 변호자, 중재자, 위로하는 사람, 성령, 보혜사, 위안자 paradise: 천국, 에덴 동산, 극락, 낙원, 안락, 유원, 군주의 유원, 능금나무 parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른 parent: 조상, 모체, 근원, 어미, 어버이, 원인, 부모, 부모의, 원인이 되는 것 parental: 어버이임, 어버이의, 부모의 parity: 동격, 유사, 동등, 등가, 패리티 기우, 평가, 우기성, 둥가, 소립자 따위의 우기성 parley: 협의, 상의, 교섭, 담판, 담판하다, 말하다, 특히 외국어를 말하다, 협상 partake: 한 몫 끼다, 기미가 있다, 같이 하다, 얼마큼 먹다, 참여하다, 에 참여하다, 다소 성질이 있다, 함께 하다 partaker: 관계자, 분담자, 관여자, 함께 하는 사람, 함께하는 사람 parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진, 갈라진 participation: 참여, 관계, 관여, 참가 particle: 불변화사, 미분자, 미량, 질점, 접두사, 조각, 작은 조각, 입자, 분자 parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 분리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 따위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의 passage: 통로, 여행, 통행권, 통행, 뱃삯, 격투, 밀담, 진행, 논쟁, 출입구, 통과 passible: 감동할 수 있는 passing: 통행하는, 합격의, 대충의, 목전의, 삽시간의, 소멸, 통행, 통과하는, 통과, 의안 따위의 통과, 사건 따위의 발생 passion: 열정, 격정, 정욕, 정열, 수난, 감정의 폭발, 울화, 수동, 열렬한 사랑, 감탄하는 것, 열망하는 것 passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여, 격심하게 pastime: 오락, 기분 전환 patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드 놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서 놀기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기 patiently: 끈기 있게 pause: 휴지, 중지, 단락, 휴지 하다, 머뭇거리다, 지체, 일시적인 중지, 휴지하다, 구절, 일시 중지 paying: 지불하는 지불, 지불하는

돈이 벌리는, 수지가 맞은, 지불하는, 돈이 벌리는 peaceful: 평온한, 태평한, 평화로운, 평화를 위한, 온화한, 평화적인, 평화를 애호하는, 평화를 사랑하는, 평시용의, 조용한, 평화스러운 peacemaker: 조정자, 중재인, 강화 조약의 조인자 pear: 펄형 활자, 일품, 성양배, 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛, 서양배, 배, 배나무 pearl: 진주, 진주 같은 것, 진주빛, 진주 진주로 장식하다 진주의, 전형, 진주색, 진주로 장식하다, 진주 같은 이슬, 진주 같은 이 따위, 진주 같은 눈물, 펄 peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한, 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의 감독 지배하의 특수 지역 peculiarly: 특히, 독특하게, 각별히, 괴이하게, 색다르게, 개인적으로 pen: 펜, 쓰다, 우리, 축사, 우리에 넣다, 구치소, 가두다, 백조의 암컷, 문체, 울타리속에 넣다, 편지 따위를 쓰다 penal: 형사상의, 형의, 형을 받아야 할, 벌칙을 과하다, 형벌의, 벌에 해당하는, 형장으로서의, 형에 해당하는 penally: 형벌로서, 형법상, 형사상 penalty: 형벌, 페널티, 벌, 벌금, 불리, 불리한 점, 상태에 따르는 불리, 상태에 따르는 불리한 점, 인과응보, 패널티, 핸디캡 pence: 페니의 복수형 penetrating: 관통하는, 꿰뚫는, 침투하는, 날카로운, 견식 높은, 예리한, 잘 들리는, 통찰력이 있는, 현명한, 예민한 penitent: 참회하는, 고해자, 뉘우치는, 후회하는, 후회하는 사람, 참회하는 사람 peradventure: 의문, 의심, 우연, 아마, 우연히 perceivable: 지각할 수 있는, 감지할 수 있는, 인지할 수 있는 perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다, 알아채다, 인식하다 perchance: 아마, 우연히, 어쩌면 perdition: 파멸, 멸망, 지옥, 전멸 perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한 사람, 우수한 점 perfectly: 완전히, 더할 나위 없이, 몹시, 굉장히, 더할 나위없이, 매우, 이상적으로, 완전하게, 아주 performing: 공연을 요하는, 실행할 수 있는, 재주 부릴 수 있는, 재주 부릴줄 아는, 실행하는, 성취할 수

Augustine 있는 peril: 위험, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험 perilous: 위험한 periods: 미문 perish: 멸망하다, 썩어 없어지다, 지독하게, 죽다, 괴롭히다혹독한, 말라 죽다, 무너지다, 무너지다-몹시 곤란하게 하다, 몹시 곤란하게 하다, 의 기능을 잃게 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다 perishable: 부패하기 쉬운, 수송중에 부패되기 쉬운 것, 부패되기 쉬운 식품, 부패되기 쉬운 물건 perished: 매우 곤란한, 지친, 초췌해진 permission: 허가, 허용, 면허, 허락 permit: 허락하다, 가능하게 하다, 가능하게하다, 면허, 하게 내버려 두다, 허가, 여유가 있다, 용납하다, 허가증 pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인, 파괴적인, 유독한 perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한 perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈 persevering: 참을성 있는, 참을서 있는 personally: 몸소, 개인적으로, 자기만으로서는, 인품으로서, 개인을 빗대어서, 자기 개인으로서는, 빗대어서 perspicuous: 명백한, 알기 쉬운, 명쾌한, 이야기하는 문체 따위가 명쾌한, 이야기하는 방법 따위가 명쾌한 persuade: 납득시키다, 주장하다, 설복하다, 설득하다 persuasive: 동기, 설득력 있는, 유인, 설득력이 있는 pertain: 속삭이다, 관계하다, 적함하다, 적합하다, 속하다, 부속하다 perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악, 곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 뜻대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 일이 뜻대로 되지 않는 perversion: 악화, 곡해, 도착, 악용, 남용 perversity: 사악, 빙퉁그러짐, 외고집, 뒤틀린 성미, 비뚤어진 성미 pervert: 성욕 도착자, 악용하다, 곡해하다, 벗어나게 하다, 배교자, 변질자, 오해하다, 오용하다, 나쁜 길로 빠져 버린 사람, 나쁜 길로 빠진 사람, 나쁜 길로 이끌다

perverted: 이상의, 그릇된, 변태의, 사도에 빠진, 비뚤어진 pervious: 통과시키는, 아는, 투과시키는 pestilent: 전염하는, 치명적인, 해로운, 귀찮은, 위험한, 사회적으로 위험한, 성가신 petty: 소규모의, 하찮은, 사소한, 옹졸한, 자그마한, 하급의, 도량이 좁은 phantasm: 환상, 곡두, 환영 phantom: 환상, 유령, 환영, 꼭두, 유령같은, 가공의, 독깨비, 도깨비, 모형, 외관뿐인 것, 외관뿐인 사람 philippians: 빌립보서 philosophy: 철학, 철리, 원리, 깨달음, 침착, 철학적 정신, 철학 서적, 철학 체계 phrase: 구, 성구, 관용구, 금언, 말, 악구로 표현하다, 악구 문구, 성구말씨로 표현하다, 표현법, 명언, 말씨로 표현하다 phrases: 실없는 말 physic: 의술, 약을 머기다, 치료하다, 하제, 약, 에게 약을 먹이다 physician: 의사, 내과 의사 piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기 pierce: 통찰하다, 감동시키다, 관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 에스며들다들어가다, 에 구멍을 뚫다, 돌입하다, 꿰찌르다, 고함 소시 다위가 날카롭게 울리다, 고함 소리 따위가 날카롭게 울리다, 에 구멍을 둠다 piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 사무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는 piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공손 pile: 전퇴, 솜털, 양털, 말뚝 박기, 큰 말뚝, 대건축물, 보풀, 재산, 축적하다, 전지, 원자로-쌓아 올리다 piled: 보풀이 있는 pilgrim: 순례자, 방랑, 여행, 방랑자, 어느 지방으로의 새 이주자, 필그림 파더즈중의 한 사람, 순례하다, 새 전입자, 새 전입이주자, 어느 지방으로의 새 전입자 pilgrimage: 순례 여행, 인생 행로, 긴 여행, 순례하다, 순례, 순례 여행에 나서다, 순례 편력에 나서다 pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한 pit: 씨, 함정, 지옥, 구덩이, 곰보를 만들다, 아래층 뒤쪽 좌석, 채굴장, 움푹한 곳, 얽은 자국, 싸움 붙이기, 구덩이를 만들다 pitch: 던지다, 고정 위치, 투구,

297 투구하다, 피치, 수지, 송진, 아래로 기울다, 치다, 투수를 맡다, 뒷질하다 pitiable: 비천한, 가엾은 pitiful: 불쌍한, 인정 많은, 비루한, 가련하게 여겨야 할, 인정이 많은, 불쌍히 여겨야 할, 동정심이 많은 pity: 동정, 연민, 애석한 일, 가엾게 여기다, 유감의 원인-가엾게 여기다, 가엾게 생각하다, 불쌍히 생각하다, 불쌍함 placing: 자본 매출 plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해, 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다 plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의, 솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 예쁘지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지 plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게 plainness: 간소, 솔직함, 명백함, 검소, 명백 plains: 평지, 야지 plausibility: 그럴싸하게 말함, 그럴싸함, 보기 좋음, 그럴듯함, 말주변이 좋음 plea: 변명, 항변, 탄원, 구실, 변호 plead: 답변하다, 탄원하다, 변호하다, 주장하다, 변명으로 말하다, 변명으로 말하다-변호하다, 변론하다, 간청하다, 변명하다 pleasant: 쾌활한, 유쾌한, 즐거운, 익살, 맑은, 농담, 우스운, 날씨가 쾌적한, 쾌적한 pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁게, 쾌활하게 pleasantness: 유쾌함 pleased: 기뻐하는, 만족한 pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는 pleasurable: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 기분좋은 plenary: 완전한, 전원 출석의, 충분한, 절대적인, 전권이 있는, 회의 따위 출석하는, 정식의, 출석하는 plenteous: 많은, 풍부한, 윤택한, 수많은 plentiful: 많은 pliant: 휘기 쉬운 plot: 음모, 도면을 작성하다, 토지를 구획하다, 줄거리-계획하다, 음모를 꾸미다, 계획, 도면에 기입하다음모를 꾀하다, 음모를 꾀하다, 도면에 기입하다, 작은 터, 획책하다 pluck: 잡아당기다, 담력, 용기를 불러 일으키다, 용기, 꽃과 과일 따위를 따다, 털을 잡아 뽑다, 잡아채다, 현악기의 튕겨 소리내다, 낙제, 낙제시키다, 낙제시키다-획

298

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

당기다-잡아당김 plunging: 내려쏘는, 뛰어드는 plural: 복수, 복수형, 복수의 poesy: 시, 운문, 작시 poet: 시인, 시인 기질의 사람, 가인 poetic: 시의, 시적인, 시에 적합한, 시인의 pointed: 뾰족한, 가시돋친, 노골적인, 두드러진, 말씨가 명쾌한, 명쾌한 poise: 허공에 매달리다, 균형 잡히게 하다, 안정, 미결단, 가짐새, 하늘을 돌다-평형, 하늘을 돌다, 평형, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다균형잡히다, 창 따위를 잡고 자세를 취하다, 균형잡히다 poison: 독, 해독, 헤치다, 독살하다, 해로운, 폐해-독을 넣다, 폐해, 독약, 못쓰게 하다-해로운, 못쓰게 하다, 독을 넣다 polished: 닦은, 광택이 있는, 세련된, 우아한, 닦아 낸, 갈아 낸 pollution: 공해, 불결, 오염, 몽정, 모독, 타락, 정신적 타락, 더럽히기 popularity: 인기, 인망, 유행, 통속성, 대중성, 통속 portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫, 상속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다, 배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 분할하다, 인분 possess: 소유하다, 유지하다, 손에 넣다, 잡다, 지배하다, 획득하다, 들리다, 붙잡다, 자제하다, 에 붙다 possessed: 침착한, 홀린, 미친, 흘려버린 possession: 소유, 영지, 점유, 편애, 선입관, 속령, 소유물, 자제, 소유물.재산, 재산, 흘림 possessor: 소유자, 점유자 potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는, 성적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로 영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이 있는 pour: 호우, 쏟다, 많이 베풀다, 유출, 퍼붓다, 붓다, 도도히 말하다-흘러 나오다, 도도히 말하다, 억수같이 퍼붓다, 억수같이 퍼붓다-유출, 흘러 나오다 poverty: 가난, 결핍, 불모, 빈약 practise: 사건 의뢰인, 환자, 의식, 실행, 버릇, 습관, 습관적으로 행하다, 연습, 예배식, 의사를 개업하다, 변호사 등을 개업하다 practised: 연습을 쌓은, 경험이 있는 praetorian: 집정관의, 치안관의, 치안관, 친위대의 친위병, 법무관, 법무관의 praise: 칭찬, 찬미, 칭찬하다, 숭배하다, 칭찬할 만한 사람, 칭찬할 만한 물건, 신을 숭배하다, 찬미하다,

찬양하다, 찬양, 신을 찬미하다 pray: 빌다, 제발, 기원하다, 간원하다, 기원하여 이루어지게 하다, 기도하다, 기도하다-바라다, 바라다, 에게 기원하다, 에게 간청하다 prayer: 기도식, 기도의 문구, 기원, 간원, 기도하는 사람, 탄원, 기도, 기도의 목적물 기 preach: 설교하다, 설교, 전도하다설교하다, 창도하다, 전하다, 전하다창도하다, 전도하다, 도를 전하다, 권고하다 preacher: 설교자, 목사 preaching: 설교, 설교하는 것 precede: 앞서다, 에 우선하다, 선행하다, 의 상위에 앉다, 보다중요하다, 의 앞에 나서다, 의 윗자리에 앉다 precious: 귀중한, 귀여운, 순전한, 지독한, 소중한, 비싼, 점잔빼는, 꾀까다로운, 대단한, 몹시, 소중한 사람 precipice: 절벽, 벼랑 precisely: 바로 그렇다, 정확히, 정밀하게 predestination: 예정, 숙명, 운명 예정설 predicament: 상태, 궁경, 단정된 것 predict: 예언하다 preeminence: 발군, 탁월, 걸출 preeminent: 현저한, 발군의, 뛰어난 prefect: 지사, 반장, 관, 감독생, 학사장, 프랑스의 지사, 이탈리아의 지사, 교회가 경영하는 학교의 학사장, 행정관 prefer: 제출하다, 우선권을 주다, 승진시키다, 을 좋아하다, 에게 우선권을 주다, 제기하다, 채권자 등에게 우선권을 주다 preferable: 바람직한, 오히려 나은, 택할 만한, 선택할 만한 preference: 우선권, 편애, 특혜, 좋아하는 것, 선택, 유산 따위에 대한 우선권, 더 좋아함, 기호물, 배당 따위에 대한 우선권 prejudice: 편견, 해치다, 손해, 비뚤어진 생각, 불리-편견을 갖게 하다, 손상시키다해치다, 침해, 이익 따위를 해치다, 에 편견을 가지게 하다, 권리 따위를 해치다 prelate: 고위 성직자 prerogative: 특권, 대권, 영국의 국왕 대권, 우선 투표권, 특권을 소유하는, 국왕 대권 prescribed: 규정된, 미리 정해진 presently: 현재, 이내, 목하, 곧, 이윽고, 얼마 안되어, 곧바로 preserve: 보존하다, 금렵지,

보호하다, 저장하다, 양어장, 방부 조치를 하다, 유지하다, 사냥을 금하다-설탕 절임, 설탕 절임, 사냥을 금하다, 금렵지로 하다 preserved: 보호한 preserving: 보호하기 presidentship: 통솔, 대통령의 지위, 대통령의 직, 대통령의 임기 presiding: 수석의, 주재하는, 사회하는 pressed: 바쁜, 모자라서, 눌린, 다린 presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, 이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 가정하다 presuming: 주제넘은, 뻔뻔스러운, 염치없는 presumption: 주제넘음, 추정, 할 것 같은, 가망, 뻔뻔스러움, 가정, 분수에 지나침 pretend: 속이다, 자부하다, 인 체하다, 거짓의, 감히..하려고 하다, 가장하다, 체하다, 공상상의, 요구하다, 구실로 삼다 prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다, 유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다 prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진 prey: 괴롭히다, 먹이, 밥, 희생, 해하다, 포식, 약탈품, 잡아먹다, 약탈품- 먹이로 하다, 약탈하다, 먹이로 하다 pride: 자부, 자존심, 자랑, 자만, 만족, 득의의 모습, 득의, 경멸, 거만, 한창, 자랑거리 priest: 성직자, 목사, 사제, 성직자로 만들다, 목사에 임명하다, 봉사자, 성직자로 임명하다, 목사로 임명하다, 목사로 만들다 primitive: 원시의, 원시적인, 태고의, 초기의, 원시인, 그 작품, 초생의, 근본의, 소박한-문예 부흥기 이전의 화가, 원어, 원선 principally: 주로, 대개, 대체로 prior: 수도원 부원장, 전의, 앞의, 소수도원의 원장, 보다중요한, 소 수도원장, 이전으로, 이전의, 이전에 prisoner: 죄수, 포로, 붙잡힌 사람모르고 잡아두다, 자유를 빼앗긴 사람, 죄인, 자유를 빼앗긴 것, 붙잡힌 것, 붙잡힌 사람 privacy: 은둔, 은퇴, 프라이버시, 비밀, 사생활, 비밀성 privately: 은밀히, 개인으로서, 남몰래, 몰래 privation: 결핍, 박탈, 상실, 결여, 특히 일용품의 결핍 privily: 비밀히, 남몰래 prize: 포획물, 입상한, 상품, 지레로

Augustine 올리다, 포로, 비집어 열다, 목적물상품으로 주어진, 현상의, 경품, 나포 함선, 포획하다 probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은, 확실한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람, 보결선수, 일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨 일을 할 것 같은 사람 proceed: 나아가다, 계속하다, 발생하다, 생기다, 착수하다, 시작하다, 매상고, 처분하다, 속행하다, 수입, 소송 절차를 밟다 proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행위, 의사, 진행 proclaim: 선언하다, 나타내다, 공표하다, 금지령을 선포하다, 선포하다, 지역 따위에 금령을 내리다, 금령을 내리다 proconsul: 지방 총독, 총독 대리 proconsular: 총독 의 procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 획득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 특히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 매춘부를 주선하다 prodigality: 방탕, 낭비, 활수함, 풍부, 대범함, 통이 큼 profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다 profess: 공언하다, 직업으로 삼다, 신앙을 고백하다, 을 신앙한다고 공언하다, 라고 자칭하다, 학문, 인 체하다, 기술 따위를 지니고 있다고 공언하다-공언하다, 기술 따위를 지니고 있다고 공언하다, 언명하다, 대학 교수로 있다 professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한, 겉꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고 종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에 들어간, 겉보기만의 profession: 공언, 직업, 동업자들, 신앙 고백, 배우들, 거짓 감정 professorship: 교수의 직, 교수의 지위 proffer: 제공하다, 제공물, 제의하다, 제의하다-제공물 proficiency: 숙달, 진보 profitable: 이문이 있는, 유익한, 유리한 profligate: 품행이 나쁜, 낭비하는, 방탕자, 방탕한 profound: 깊은, 마음으로부터의, 심원한, 정중한, 마음에서 우러나는, 충심의, 의미 심장한, 심해, 깊은 속마음, 심연, 충분한 profoundly: 깊이, 매우, 심원하게, 몹시

prohibition: 금지, 금령, 주류 제조 판매 금지령, 그 주의자, 금지령 prolix: 장황한, 지루한, 지루하게 말하는 prolonged: 연장한, 오래 끈, 오래 끝 promise: 약속, 천국, 촉망, 희망의 땅, 약속하다, 가망이 있다, 가망, 가망-약속하다, 의 희망이 있다, 의 가망성이 있다, 약속한 일 promising: 장래성 있는, 유망한, 장래가 촉망되는 pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다, 단언하다-발음하다, 선언하다 pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한 pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선언, 발음을 표시하는 pronunciation: 발음 proof: 증명, 시험, 교정쇄, 증거, 표준 강도의, 증언, 에 견디는, 교정하다, 표준강도-시험필의, 튼튼하게 하다, 시험 인화 prop: 지주, 지지자, 버팀목, 소품, 버팀목을 대다, 명제, 버티다, 교수, 주먹, 후원자, 발을 버티고 딱 서다 prophecy: 예언, 예언 능력, 예언하다 prophet: 예언자, 예언서, 신의 뜻을 알리는 사람, 구약 성서의 예언서, 마호메트, 대변자, 사물을 예지하는 사람, 주의 따위의 대변자 proportions: 크기 propound: 제출하다 prose: 산문, 산문의, 평범, 공상력이 부족한, 공상력이 부족한-평범하게 쓰다, 산문적인, 평범하게 말하다, 평범한 이야기, 평범한 이야기산문의, 평범하게 쓰다, 산문체로 쓰다 prosper: 번영하다, 을 번영시키다, 사업 따위가 번영하다, 번영시키다 prosperity: 번영, 행운, 성공 protest: 항의하다, 단언하다, 거절 증서, 단언, 이의, 지불을 거절하다, 지불을 거절하다-이의, 결의 따위에 이의를 제기하다, 이의를 제기하다, 주장하다 protesting: 불복하는 protracted: 오래 끈 protraction: 내밀기, 연기, 연장, 오래 끌기, 내뻗음, 확대 제도, 길게 끌기 proud: 자존심이 있는, 거만한, 자랑하고 있는, 영광으로 여기는, 자랑으로 생각하는, 자랑할 만한, 자랑하다, 당당한, 교만한, 일이 자랑할 만한, 물건이 자랑할 만한 proudly: 자랑하게 providence: 섭리, 장래에 대한 배려, 신의 뜻, 신조, 검약, 선견, 하나님,

299 천우, 신의 province: 범위, 주, 영토, 본분, 시골, 방, 부문, 성, 이탈리아 이외의 영토, 스페인 따위의 주, 지방 provincial: 지방의, 촌스러운, 조야한, 주의, 지방민, 편협한지방민, 편협한, 시골뜨기, 지방적인, 지방인, 지방 분구 관장 provoke: 자극하다, 성나게 하다, 불러 일으키다, 일으키다, 야기하다, 화나게 하다 prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 조심스러운 psalm: 찬송가, 시편, 성가, 성가를 불러 찬미하다 psalmody: 찬송가, 성가 영창, 성가 아리아 psalter: 시편 psaltery: 옛날의 현악기, 프살테리움 publicly: 여론으로, 공공연히, 공공연하게 puffed: 숨이 차서, 부푼, 헐떡이고, 사람이 숨이 차서, 우쭐한, 부풀은 pulse: 맥박, 의향, 고동, 움직임, 느낌, 진동하다, 두류, 순간 파동, 뜀, 펄스, 맥이 뛰다 punish: 혼내주다, 벌하다, 호되게 해치우다, 응징하다, 사람을 벌하다, 죄를 벌하다, 상대방을 혼내주다 punishable: 벌주어야 할, 벌줄 수 있는, 벌해야 할 punishment: 학대, 처벌, 형벌, 벌, 강타, 가혹한 처사, 경기 등에서 지치게 함, 징벌, 지치게 함 purchase: 사다, 기중 장치, 노력하여 얻다, 구입품, 수익, 구입물, 산 물건, 구매, 지레, 구지레를 울리다-구입, 구지레를 울리다 pure: 순수한, 순혈의, 단순한, 순전한, 더러움 없는, 오점 없는, 깨끗한, 순이론적인-순수한 것, 순이론적인, 완전한, 고결한 purely: 순수하게, 전혀, 결백하게, 전연, 깨끗하게, 맑게 purity: 청정, 결백, 청결, 순정, 정격, 문체의 정격, 어구의 정격, 청렴 pursue: 추구하다, 수행하다, 추적하다, 속행하다, 찾아 가다, 쫓아가다, 따라가다, 소송하다, 길을 따라가다, 계속해서 말하다 qualified: 한정된, 자격 있는, 조건부의, 적임의, 면허 받은, 제한된 quarrel: 싸움의 원인, 싸움, 불평, 말다툼, 네모진 촉이 달린 화살, 불화의 씨, 불화, 불평하다, 싸움하다, 말다툼하다, 말다툼의 원인 quench: 끄다, 억제하다, 풀다, 물에 넣어 식히다, 빛 따위를 없애다,

300

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

가열한 것을 물에 넣어 식히다, 동작을 잃게 하다, 반대자의 입을 막다, 불 따위를 끄다, 불 따위를 없애다, 속력을 잃게 하다 quest: 탐색, 탐색하다, 탐구, 찾다, 특히 사냥개가 사냥감의 뒤를 밟아 찾다, 사냥감의 뒤를 밟아 찾다 questioning: 질문, 의심스러운, 심문, 묻는 듯한, 캐묻는 quicken: 살리다, 활기있게 하다, 생명을 주다, 서두르게 하다, 빨라지다, 활기띠다, 살다, 급해지다, 빠르게 하다, 한층 활발하게 하다 quickness: 민첩, 성급함, 신속, 기민, 빠르기, 급격, 속도, 성마름, 급속 quieter: 방음 장치 quit: 그만두다, 사퇴하다, 포기하다, 놓아버리다, 면하여, 자유로와, 떠나다, 떠나가다, 일을 중지하다, 일 따위를 그만두다, 용서받은 quoth: 말하였다, 언제나 주어앞에놓음, 언제나 주어에놓음 races: 경마 대회 rage: 맹위를 떨치다, 격노, 열망, 격노하다, 고조에 달하다, 감흥, 대유행, 감동, 열광, 격렬, 날뛰다 raging: 격노한, 맹렬한, 미친듯이 사나운, 사납게 날뛰는, 맹위를 떨치는, 거칠어지는 random: 닥치는 대로의, 되는 대로의, 마구잡이, 임의의, 무작위의, 엉터리의 rank: 열, 계급, 지독한, 병졸, 고관, 평가하다, 횡렬, 군대, 고위, 등급을 매기다, 나란히 세우다 ransom: 몸값, 속죄하다, 공갈, 의 몸값을 요구하다, 의 배상금을 요구하다, 포로의 몸값, 몸값을 치르고 석방됨, 배상금을 치르고 사람을 되찾다, 사람을 되찾다, 에게 몸값을 요구하다, 에게 배상금을 요구하다 rapture: 황홀, 광희, 환희, 황홀하게하다, 무아, 미칠듯한 기쁨, 황홀경, 황홀하게 하다 rash: 무모한, 발진, 뾰루지, 지각없는, 성급한, 무분별한, 부스럼, 빈발, 다발, 경솔한, 조급한 rashly: 무모하게, 분별없게, 분별없이 rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함 rational: 유리수, 합리적인, 추리의, 유리의, 이성의, 합리적인 것, 추론의, 순이론의, 유리수의, 사리에 맞는, 이성 있는 raven: 새까만, 갈가마귀, 약탈하다, 큰까마귀, 약탈, 칠흑 같은, 찾아 다니다, 노략질하다, 게걸스럽게 먹다, 갈가마귀 새까만, 마구 먹어대다

ravish: 강탈하다, 강간하다, 황홀케하다, 능욕하다, 미칠듯이 기쁘게하다, 앗아가다, 황홀하게하다, 황홀하게 하다 reader: 독본, 강사, 리더, 독자, 독서가, 판독기, 낭독자, 교정원, 읽는 사람, 대학 조교, 교정자 readily: 쾌히, 손쉽게, 쉽사리, 기꺼이, 서슴없이, 선뜻, 쉽게 readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 재빠름 reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다, 수확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답 따위를 받다 reasoning: 추리, 추론, 이성이 있는, 논법, 추리의, 증명, 추리력, 논증, 논거, 이론 rebel: 반역자, 반역의, 모반하다, 반란을 일으키다, 몸서리치다, 반감을 가지다, 반대하다, 반도, 반란군 병사, 반발하다, 반항자 rebellious: 반항적인, 다루기 힘든, 반항하는, 반역심이 있는, 반란하는, 모반의, 힘에 부치는, 다루기 어려운, 낫기 힘든, 난치의, 모반하는 rebuke: 비난, 힐책, 징계, 비난하다, 꾸짖다, 견책하다, 견책 recall: 취소, 상기시키다, 취소하다, 소환, 해임하다, 회상, 소환하다, 소생시키다, 생각나다, 상기, 다시 불러 들이다 receiving: 수신의, 받는, 고매, 받음, 환영의 receptacle: 저장소, 용기, 소켓, 그릇, 콘센트, 꽃턱, 피난소, 두는 곳, 꽃받침 recess: 휴회, 휴게, 휴가, 구석, 와, 휴회하다, 은거지, 휴식, 후미진 곳, 벽장, 감추다 recite: 이야기하다, 암송하다, 낭송하다, 다시 인용하다, 문서에자세히 기술하다, 복창하다, 열거하다, 읊다, 질문에 구두로 답하다, 말하다, 특히 청중 앞에서 암송하다 reckon: 세다, 기대하다, 계산하다, 생각하다, 단정하다, 간주하다, 평가하다, 판단하다, 돌리다 reckoning: 청산, 계산, 계산서, 청산일, 벌, 최후의 심판일, 측정, 셈, 배 위치의 추산, 계산서응보, 응보 reclaim: 교화, 개심, 개화하다, 의 반환을 요구하다, 교화하다, 교정하다, 개간하다, 교정, 매립, 재생고무, 재생 recollect: 다시 모으다, 회상하다, 가라앉히다, 생각해 내다, 생각나다, 기억나다, 북돋우다, 진정시키다,

냉정하게 하다, 다시 불러일으키다, 상기다 recollection: 회상, 기억, 추억, 회고록, 상기, 회고, 옛날을 생각케 하는 것, 마음의 평정, 기억력 recommend: 추천하다, 권하다, 의뢰하다, 훌륭한, 호감을 받게하다, 충고하다, 추전할 수 있는, 좋은 느낌을 갖게 하다, 위탁하다, 맡기다, 마음에 들게 하다 reconcile: 화해시키다, 조화시키다, 단념시키다, 조정하다, 스스로 체념케 하다, 에 만족하게하다, 일치시키다 reconcilement: 화해, 조정 reconciliation: 화해, 조정, 복종, 조화, 체념, 일치, 단념 recondite: 숨겨진, 난해한, 심원한, 알기 어려운, 심오한 recount: 계산을 다시하다, 다시세다, 열거하다, 이야기 하다, 이야기하다, 자세히 말하다, 재계산, 재계표, 다시 세기, 상세히 말하다, 투표 따위의 다시 세기 recourse: 의지, 상환청구, 의뢰, 의지하는 것, 상환 청구, 을 사용하다, 의존함, 상환청구권 recover: 회복시키다, 회복하다, 벌충하다, 되찾다, 보상하다, 승소, 완쾌, -의 덮개를 갈아 붙이다, 회복, 되찾음, 승소하다 recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한 recovery: 회복, 복구, 완쾌, 되찾음, 권리의 회복, 매립, 회수, 승소, 도로찾음, 개간, 간척 re-create: 다시 만들다, 개조하다, 재현하다 rectify: 정류하다, 고치다, 수정하다, 개정하다, 교정하다, 바로잡다, 없애다, 길이를 구하다, 정정하다, 조정하다, 술을 정류하다 recur: 되돌아가다, 회상되다, 순환하다, 회상하다, 마음에 다시 떠오르다, 재발하다, 호소하다, 되돌아가 말하다, 의뢰하다, 의지하다, 다시 떠오르다 recurring: 회귀하는, 되풀이하여 발생하는, 순환하는, 반복되어 발생되는 redeem: 이행하다, 되사다, 구조하다, 상환하다, 회복하다, 보상하다, 보충하다, 장점, 되찾다, 구해내다, 속죄하다 redeemer: 되사는 사람, 도로 찾는 사람, 속바치는사람 redemption: 구원, 구출, 속죄, 되찾기, 죄인을 구죄함, 상각, 벌충, 되사기, 되받기, 상환, 대속하는 것 refer: 언급하다, 문의하다, 지시하다,

Augustine 에 돌리다, 부르다, 참고하다, 가리키다, 맡기다, 인용하다, 대상으로 삼다, 나타내다 reflect: 반영하다, 숙고하다, 비난하다, 반사하다, 가져오다, 반성하다, 비치다, 비방하다, 트집을 잡다, 중상하다, 이리저리 되생각하다 reformed: 신교의, 개심한, 개혁된, 개량된, 칼빈파의, 종교개혁파의 refrain: 후렴, 참다, 자제하다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 반복구, 억제하다, 억누르다, 멀리하다, 그만두다 억제하다 후렴, 상투문구 refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 상쾌하게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 원기를 회복시키다, 충전하다, 보급하다 refreshing: 상쾌한, 가슴이 후련한, 산뜻한, 상쾌하게 하는, 새롭고 신나는, 참신하고 기분 좋은, 산뜻하게 하는, 청신한 refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단한 음식물, 간단한 음식물 refuge: 피난처, 은신처, 피난, 안전지대, 핑계, 도피처, 구실, 의지, 의지가 되는 사람, 의지가 되는 물건, 위안자 refuse: 폐물, 거절하다, 쓰레기, 사퇴하다, 폐물의, 인간 폐물, 퇴짜놓다, 지질한, 찌끼, 멈춰서다, 안 뛰어넘으려 하다 refute: 반박하다, 논박하다, 논파하다, 꼼짝못하게 하다, 잘못을 밝히다 regard: 관계하다, 점, 관계, 주의, 존경, 주시, 배려, 유의하다, 관심, 호의, 주목하다 regarding: 에 관해서, 의점에서는, 한점에서는, 에 관하여, 에 관해서는 regardless: 부주의한, 개의치 않고, 개의치 않는, 여하튼, 에 관계없는, 상관없이, 비용을 무릅쓰고, 그럼에도 불구하고, 고려되지 않는, 관심없는, 비용에 구애되지 않고 regeneration: 재건, 부흥, 갱생, 재생, 신생, 쇄신, 부활, 개척, 개혁 regulate: 조절하다, 규정하다, 규제하다, 통제하다, 표준, 조정기, 정리하다, 규칙적이 되게하다, 규칙바르게하다, 규칙 바르게하다, 단속하다 rehearse: 예행 연습을 하다, 암송하다, 복창하다, 매거하다, 을

되풀이하다, 열거하다, 연습하다, 연습을 하다, 숙달시키다, 자세히 말하다, 시연하다 reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는, 널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는 rein: 고삐, 제어하다, 자유를 주다, 억제, 속력을 늦추다, 그만두다, 권력, 고삐로 다루다, 제어의 수단, 견제, 보통 가죽으로 만든 고삐 reins: 신장, 허리, 감정과 애정, 콩팥, 신장부분, 고삐, 제어의 수단 reject: 거절하다, 토하다, 물리치다, 받지 않다, 버리다, 거부된 사람, 흠 있는 물건, 퇴짜놓다, 불합격자, 받아들이지 않다, 거절된 것 rejection: 거절, 부결, 배제, 구토, 폐기, 폐기물, 각하, 거부반응 rejoice: 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 축하하다, 향유하다, 가지고 있다, 좋아하다, 을 누리고 있다, 즐기다, 괴상한 이름을 가지고 있다 rejoicing: 기쁨, 환호, 환희, 축하, 축하하여, 환호하여, 환락, 축연 relapse: 재발, 타락, 되돌아감, 퇴보, 병이 도지다, 도짐, 다시 나쁜길에 빠지다, 되돌아가다, 타락하다, 병의 재발, 원상태로 되돌아가다 relate: 말하다, 관계시키다, 관련시키다, 이야기하다, 관련이 있다, 친척으로 삼다, 와 친척 관계에 있다, 친척 관계에 있다 relation: 관계, 이야기, 관련, 고발, 설화, 교섭, 성교, 친척관계, 친척, 친족관계, 진술 relative: 친척, 관계사, 상대적인, 비교상의, 관계를 나타내는, 적절한, 관계있는, 관계물, 상관적인, 관계사에서 이끌린, 관계 있는 relaxation: 기분 전환, 경감, 이완, 완화, 풀림.이완, 정력감퇴, 편히 쉼, 오락, 쇠약, 느즈러짐, 긴장을 풂 relaxedly: 누그러져서, 느긋하게, 편하게 relaxing: 나른한, 맥빠지게 하는, 몸을 나른하게 하는, 날씨가 몸을 나른하게 하는 relics: 시체, 유물 relieve: 구제하다, 해직하다, 안심시키다, 덜다, 경감하다, 대조 시키다, 덜어주다, 돋보이게 하다, 두드러지게 하다, 교대하다, 구출하다 religion: 종교, 신앙, 종파, 신교, 신조, 주의, 교, 광신자, 신앙심이 깊은 체하기, 광신, 사이비신자 religiously: 양심적으로, 신앙심깊게, 종교적으로 remainder: 나머지, 유적, 잔류자, 잉여, 잔여권, 남은, 나머지의, 팔다

301 남은 책, 따로 남겨 놓은, 잔여, 싸게 처분하다 remarkable: 주목할 만한, 비범한, 이상한, 현저한, 보통이 아닌, 드문, 두드러진, 놀랄만한, 비상한, 뛰어난 remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상, 추억, 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의 범위, 유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를 묻는 전언 remembrances: 전언, 안부를 묻는 전언 remission: 경감, 면제, 용서, 사면, 완화, 진정, 특사, 풀림, 형기 단축, 송금, 누그러짐 remorse: 양심의 가책, 후회, 연민, 회한, 자책, 자비 removal: 이동, 제거, 해임, 살해, 면직, 철거, 철수, 이전, 이상, 해직, 이사 remove: 이전, 제거하다, 진급, 옮기다, 해임하다, 떠나다, 거리, 치우다, 이동, 간격, 단계 removed: 떨어진, 먼, 촌의, 관계가 먼, 등친의, 제거된, 죽은, 거리가 떨어진 rend: 쪼개지다, 째지다, 강탈하다, 비틀어 떼다, 찢다, 찌르다, 분열시키다, 쥐어 뜯다, 괴롭히다, 떼어놓다, 산란하게 하다 render: 번역하다, 연출하다, 나타내다, 돌려주다, 제출하다, 보답하다, 표현하다, 하다, 이 되게하다, 내다, 교부하다 renew: 재개하다, 갱신하다, 갱생시키다, 고쳐 쓰다, 다시 시작하다, 일신하다, 되풀이하다, 회복하다, 다시 시작되다, 되찾다, 되풀이 하다 renounce: 포기하다, 부인하다, 관계를 끊다, 기권하다, 거절하다, 권리를 포기하다, 그만두다, 나온 패가 없어서 다른 짝의 패를 냄, 선서하고 버리다, 끊다, 양도하다 renowned: 유명한, 명성있는 rent: 지대, 임대되다, 분열, 집세, 불화, 임차료, 협곡, 균열, 방세, 에 지대를 물다, 임대 repair: 수선, 수선하다, 가다, 회복, 배상하다, 의뢰, 보상하다, 배상, 다니다, 의지, 의지하고 가다 repay: 갚다, 보답하다, 빚을 갚다, 상환하다, 은혜를 갚다, 보복하다, 돈을 갚다, 에 보답하다 repeat: 반복, 되풀이, 암송하다, 반복절, 이중 투표를 하다, 되풀이하다, 복창하다, 되풀이 하다, 사본, 재공급, 재방송 프로그램 repeated: 되풀이된, 거듭된 repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는,

302

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

순환하는, 되풀이하는 repel: 쫓아버리다, 반발하다, 격퇴하다, 불쾌감을 주다, 물리치다, 튀기다, 반박하다, 받지 않다, 저항하다, 쫓아내다, 튀겨 내다 repent: 후회하다, 포복성의, 기어다니는, 뉘우치다, 유감으로 생각하다, 회개하다, 유감스럽게 생각하다 repentance: 후회, 회한, 회개, 참회 replace: 되돌리다, 에 대신하다, 제자리에 놓다, 돌려주다, 바꾸다, 갚다, 교대시키다, 교환하다, 대체하다, 복지시키다, 복직시키다 replenish: 다시 채우다, 보충하다, 연료를 공급하다, 채우다, 추가하다, 보급하다 replenished: 가득해진 reply: 대답하다, 대답, 반향하다, 응답하다, 응전, 응전하다, 응하다, 회답, 대꾸하다, 항변하다, 응수 repose: 눕히다, 쉬다, 침착, 휴식, 두다, 영면하다, 자다, 휴지, 영면, 걸다, 조화 repress: 억누르다, 억압하다, 억제하다, 진압하다, 정복하다 reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 손상하다 reproachful: 책망하는, 비난하는, 수치스러운, 책망하는 듯한, 나무랄 만한, 나무라는, 부끄러운, 꾸짖는 reproof: 비난, 질책, 잔소리, 견책, 꾸지람, 다시 방수가공하다, 비난의 말, 의 교정쇄를 다시 내다, 책망 reputation: 평판, 명성, 세평, 호평, 덕망 repute: 평판, 세평, 명성, 호평, 이라고 평하다, 신용, 생각하다, 로 보다, 라 평하다, 여기다, 고명 reputed: 평판이 좋은, 라고 일컬어지는, 유명한, 이라는 평판인, 이라고 일컬어지는 request: 수요, 요구, 간청, 요청하다, 바라다, 청구물, 요청, 소원, 의뢰, 청원서, 청구 requital: 보답, 보상, 보복, 복수, 벌 rescue: 구조하다, 구출, 구조의, 해방, 도와주다, 불법으로 탈환하다, 불법탈환, 구제하다, 구제의, 불법석방, 돕다 resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 을 ...에 비기다 resent: 원망하다, 분개하다, 에 골내다, 을 분개하다, 괘씸하게 생각하다, 화내다 reserved: 보류한, 제한된, 예비의, 수줍은, 예약한, 지정의, 전세낸,

운명지어진, 말수가 적은, 사양하는, 수줍어하는 reside: 존재하다, 주재하다, 살다, 거주하다, 속하다, 있다, 귀속하다, 성질이 존재하다 resigned: 체념한, 사직한, 사직하여 빈, 을 감수하는, 인종하는, 단념한, 복종적인 resist: 저항하다, 반항하다, 방해하다, 참다, 격퇴하다, 무시하다, 방염제, 반대하다, 방부제, 삼가다, 거스르다 resistance: 저항, 방해, 반항, 레지스탕스, 반감, 저항력, 저항감, 전류저항장치, 적대, 지하저항운동, 반대 resolute: 단호한, 굳게 결심한, 의연한, 불굴의, 할 결의인, 굳은결의의 resolutely: 단호하게, 단호히, 결연히 resolution: 분해, 해결, 결의, 분석, 결심, 해답, 해상도, 과단, 불굴, 결의안, 종기 따위가 삭아 없어짐 resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이 생각한, 숙고한, 결의한 respected: 훌륭한, 소문난, 높이평가되는 respective: 각각의, 각자의, 저마다의 respects: 인사 respite: 유예, 연기, 휴식, 일시적 중지, 에게 형의 집행을 유예하다, 상환 독촉을 유예하다, 일시적으로 덜어주다, 정지하다, 집행유예, 휴식기간, 휴지 resting: 휴면하고 있는, 휴식하고 있는, 증식하지 않고 있는 resting-place: 무덤, 휴식소, 층계참, 휴게소 restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 활동적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게 하는, 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지 않은 restlessly: 침착하지 못한, 불안한, 잠이 오지 않는 restlessness: 차분하지 못함 restoration: 회복, 복원, 복구, 복직, 복위, 수복, 반환, 부활, 본래의상태로 돌아감, 만민구제, 복고 restore: 회복하다, 복구하다, 회복시키다, 복직시키다, 복위시키다, 본래대로 하다, 반환하다, 되찾다, 되돌려주다, 돌려주다, 부활시키다 restrain: 구속하다, 억제하다, 제지하다, 감금하다, 자유를 빼앗다, 속박하다, 못하게 하다, 누르다, 말리다, 수감하다, 방지하다 restrained: 자제된, 억제된, 삼가는,

차분한, 절도있는, 절도 있는 restraint: 속박, 억제, 자제, 구속, 감금, 제지, 출항금지, 억제력, 조심, 금지, 구속하는 것 restricted: 한정된, 제한된, 기밀의, 백인 기독교도에 한정된, 대외비의, 제약된 집단에 한정된, 특정사회 집단에 한정된, 제약된, 특정인에게 한정된 resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활, 시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행, 예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체 따위의 도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙 retain: 보유하다, 간직하다, 고용하다, 존속시키다, 유지하다, 종자, 잊지 않고 있다, 부하, 보지하다, 마음에 간직하다, 기억하고 있다 retard: 방해, 지연, 지체, 방해하다, 늦어지다, 정신박약자, 지체시키다, 지진아, 지연되다, 저지하다, 저지 retire: 회수하다, 퇴직하다, 물러나다, 물러나게 하다, 자다, 아웃시키다, 은퇴시키다, 아웃 시키다, 퇴각하다, 입후보를 단념하다, 지폐 따위를 회수하다 retired: 외딴, 퇴직한, 궁벽한, 사양하는, 은퇴한, 구석진, 삼가는, 퇴역한, 시골 구석의 retiring: 은퇴하는, 수줍은, 퇴직의, 삼가는, 내성적인, 수줍게, 물러나는, 내향적인, 겸손한, 암띤, 퇴직자의 retreat: 퇴각, 묵상, 퇴각하다, 은퇴, 은퇴처, 쑥 들어가다, 정수, 물러나다, 뒤로 물리다, 귀영 나팔소리, 특히 말을 뒤로 물리다 reveal: 보이다, 계시하다, 시현, 창틀, 나타내다, 드러내다, 문설주, 폭로, 밝히다, 계시, 들추어내다 revealing: 계발적인, 뜻이 깊은, 노출된, 나타나 있는 revelation: 폭로, 계시, 묵시, 발각, 적발, 요한 계시록, 폭로된 사물, 천계, 뜻밖의 새 사실, 뜻밖의 사실, 성경 revenge: 원한, 복수하다, 복수심, 앙갚음, 원수를 갚다, 복수, 보복, 설욕의 기회, 복수의 기회, 원한을 갚다, 의 복수를 하다 reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님, 경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계 reverential: 경건한, 공손한, 존경을 표시하는, 존경을 표하는 reverently: 경건하게, 겸손하게, 경의를 갖고, 공손하게, 삼가 revive: 부활하다, 소생하다, 환원시키다, 되살아나다, 환기하다, 재유행하다, 재상연하다,

Augustine 회복시키다, 상기하다, 회상하다, 기운이나다 revolt: 반란, 반항, 반감, 반란을 일으키다, 비위 상하게 하다, 혐오, 반항적태도, 구역질나다, 반감이 생기다, 폭동, 적편에 붙다 revolting: 구역나는, 메스꺼운, 반란하는, 불쾌감을 일으키는, 싫은, 지긋지긋한, 반란을 일으키는 revolving: 회전하는, 회전식의, 회전장치의, 선회하는, 윤전식의 reward: 보답하다, 보수, 보수를 주다, 벌, 현상금, 사례금, 보상하다, 보상, 이익, 보복하다, 응보 rhetoric: 수사학, 과장, 매력, 수사, 설득력, 수사적기교, 웅변술, 화려한문체, 수사법, 미사, 수사학의 riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산, 풍부 riddle: 수수께끼, 풀다, 정사하다, 어레미, 수수께끼 같은 말을 하다, 난제, 난문, 체질하다, 탄환 등으로 구멍 투성이로 만들다, 체질해 내다, 통과하다 ridiculous: 웃기는, 우스운, 터무니 없이, 터무니 없는, 어리석은, 우스꽝스러운 righteous: 공정한, 당연한, 바른, 정당한, 고결한, 정의의, 정직한, 바른사람, 지당한, 올바른, 올바르다 righteousness: 공정, 정의, 정직, 방정, 올바름, 정당성 rightful: 올바른, 당연한, 적법의, 정당한, 정의에 입각한, 합법의 rightly: 바르게, 정확히, 정당하게, 틀림없이, 정당히, 마땅히, 당연히, 정말로, 적당히 right-minded: 마음이 바른, 마음이 정직한 rigidly: 굳게, 엄밀히, 완고하게 rigorous: 엄밀한, 혹독한, 정확한, 준비, 정밀한, 엄밀하게, 호된, 엄격한, 장비, 엄한, 사람 등이 혹독한 riotous: 분방한, 폭동의, 폭동을 일으키는, 굉장히 재미있는, 떠들썩한, 소란스러운, 술마시고 떠드는, 크게 히트한 risen: 일어난, 부활한, 오른 rising: 기립, 상승, 오르는, 승진하는, 기상, 올라가는, 오르막의, 종기, 이상의, 에 가까운, 뾰루지 rob: 강탈하다, 강도질을 하다, 훔치다, 남자 이름, 약탈을 하다, 잃게하다, 의 속을 뒤져 훔치다, 강도질하다, 약탈하다, 빼앗다, 에서 빼앗다 robber: 강도, 도둑, 약탈자 robbery: 강탈, 강도, 약탈, 강도죄,

도둑질, 강도질 roll: 굴리다, 구르다, 굽이치다, 감다, 두루마리, 늘어지다, 롤러로 고르다, 소용돌이 무늬, 연타, 좌우로 흔들리다, 희번덕거리다 rolled: 압연한 rolling: 구르는, 굴리기, 회전 rome: 로마, 고대 로마시, 카톨릭교회 rood: 십자가, 루드, 십자가 위의 그리스도상, 그리스도가 처형된 십자가 root: 뿌리, 어근, 근원, 찾다, 정착하다, 자손, 시조, 뿌리박다, 근절하다, 초목, 뿌리의 rottenness: 부패 rough: 거칠게, 귀에 거슬리는, 껄껄한, 거친, 사나운, 학대, 떫은, 난폭한, 거칠게 하다, 미가공, 거칠거칠한 rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 날아오르게하다, 일어나다, 술판, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무하다 rove: 헤매다, 배회하다, 유랑하다, 유랑, 임의로 정한 먼 과녁을 소다, 산 미끼로 견지질하다, 조방사, 항상 이동하다, 헤맴, 방랑, 거칠게 자은 실 roving: 이동하는, 방랑하는, 헤매는, 연방, 먼과녁쏘기, ㅏ랑, 조방사, 산만한 rude: 거친, 버릇없는, 대강의, 건장한, 교양 없는, 난폭한, 자연 그대로의, 울퉁불퉁한, 거센, 강장한, 미가공의 rudely: 조잡하게, 무례하게, 버릇없이, 거칠게, 불쑥, 격력하게 rudiments: 징조 rugged: 울퉁불퉁한, 엄격한, 괴로운, 귀에 거슬리는, 험악한, 껄껄한, 주름진, 세련되지 못한, 튼튼한, 폭풍우의, 거친 ruggedness: 난폭, 엄함, 울퉁불퉁, 주름살이 짐, 귀에 거슬림 ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된 ruler: 통치자, 지배자, 주권자, 자부기봉, 괘선을 긋는 기구, 통치자의 지위, 괘를 치는 사람, 자, 괘선을 긋는 사람 ruminate: 생각에 잠기다, 되새기다, 심사하다, 심사숙고하다, 생각에 잠겨, 반추하다, 곰곰 생각하다 rush: 돌진시키다, 돌진, 등심초, 돌진하다, 골풀, 돌격하다, 쇄도, 돌격, 하찮은 물건, 쇄도하다, 급행하다 rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리,

303 러싱 sabbath: 안식일, 휴식 sacrament: 상징, 성체, 성예전, 신성한 물건, 성체성사, 선서, 성사, 성례, 신성한 맹세, 신비스럽고 신성한 것 sacrifice: 희생타, 희생, 투매하다, 헌신, 싸구려로, 그로 인한 손실, 제물, 희생타로 진루시키다, 희생적 행위, 희생하다, 희생타를 치다 sacrilegious: 신성을 더럽히는, 무엄한, 교회를 침범하는, 모독, 불경, 성물을 훔치는, 신성을더럽히는, 죄받을, 천벌을 받아 마땅한, 신성을 모독하는 sad: 진지한, 슬픈, 어두운, 지독한, 우중충충한, 설구워진, 어이없는, 슬퍼하는, 칙칙한, 언어도단의, 잘 부풀지 않은 sadness: 어이없는, 진지한, 우중충충한, 어두운, 슬픈, 비애, 슬퍼하는, 설구워진, 지독한, 슬픔 sail: 돛, 범주, 척의 배, 돛배, 범주력, 항정, 날개, 달리게 하다, 범주하다, 돛단배, 건너다 saint: 성인, 성도, 성, 성인으로 하다, 시성하다, 인공위성 추적용 비행체, 천국에 간 사람, 성인으로 숭배하다, 발기인, 기독교도 등의 칭호, 교부 등의 칭호 sake: 목적, 위함, 이유, 제발, 을 위함 salary: 봉급, 월급, 에게 봉급을 주다, 급료 salt: 소금, 소금에 절인, 식염, 식탁용 소금 그릇, 풍자, 기지, 자극, 흥미, 염, 의 손님이 되다, 뱃사람 salted: 소금에 절인, 염분이 있는, 경험있는, 노련한, 면역된, 소금으로 간을 맞춘, 숙련된, 순화된, 속임수를 쓴, 풍토에 익숙해진 salvation: 구제, 구조, 구조자, 구원, 구세, 구제물 sanctification: 신성화, 정하게함, 정화, 죄를 씻어 깨끗이 함, 청정화, 축성, 봉헌 sanctified: 신성화된, 정화된, 축성된, 믿음이 두터운 체하는, 신앙이 독실한 체하는 sanctity: 신성, 신성한 의무, 신성한 감정 따위, 청정 sanctuary: 성역, 보호, 피난처, 지성소, 신전, 성소, 성당, 예루살렘 신전, 금렵구, 예루살렘 신전의 지성소, 안식처 sand: 모래, 용기, 모래를 뿌리다, 설탕, 모래톱, 수명, 백사장 모래, 시각, 모래벌판, 모래 사장, 모랫빛 sate: 물리게하다, 물리게 하다 sated: 넌더리나도록 물린, 넌더리나

304

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

있다 satiate: 물리게 하다, 물릴 정도로 주다, 충분히 마족시키다, 싫증나게 하다, 만족스런, 만족시키다 satiated: 충분히 만족한, 물린 satiety: 만끽, 포만, 과다, 물림 satisfaction: 사죄, 이행, 결투 신청에 응하다, 만족, 만족시키는 물건, 속죄, 사죄하다, 결투, 결투를 신청하다, 만족함, 만족을 주는 것 satisfactorily: 더할나위 없는, 흡족하게, 충분히, 만족한, 만족하게 satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한 satisfy: 만족시키다, 풀게하다, 채우다, 가라앉히다, 갚다, 안심시키다, 이루다, 지불하다, 풀다, 충족시키다, 만족을 주다 satisfying: 확실한, 충분한, 만족을 주는, 납득이 가는, 납득이 되는, 만족한 saturn: 농사의 신, 도성, 우주선 추진 장치, 토성, 납, 농업의 신 saul: 사도 바울의 처음 이름, 사울 savage: 야만적인, 야만인, 잔인, 사나운, 잔인한, 황량한, 세련되지 못한, 최고의, 야만적인 사람, 물어 뜯다, 나체의 savageness: 황량, 잔혹, 성급, 야만 saving: 저금, 구조, 절약, 절약하는, 구제, 제외하는, 저축, 을 더는, 보상, 구하는, 외에는 saviour: 구조자, 구세주 그리스도 savour: 맛, 기미, 의 기미가있다, 다소 -의 맛이나다, 흥미, 맛을 내다, 맛보다, 맛이 있다, 아취, 풍미 savoury: 차조기과의 식물 풍미있는, 향기로운, 맛좋은, 쾌적한, 짭짤한, 재미있는, 맛 좋은, 구미를 돋구는 짭짤한 요리, 층층이꽃의 일종 scantling: 작은 치수, 각재, 소량, 오리목, 용적, 작은 각재류, 켜낸 재목 scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한, 결석하다, 결핍한 scarcely: 겨우, 거의, 이 아니다, 하지 않는 일은 좀처럼 없다, 간신히 scatter: 흩뿌리다, 쫓아버리다, 뿔뿔이 흩어지다, 산발하다, 소수, 흩뜨려진 것, 흩뜨림 scattered: 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 산발적인, 산만한, 산재해 있는, 드문드문 있는 scenical: 무대의, 풍경의, 극적인, 생생한, 경치의 sceptre: 왕권, 왕위, 왕위에 앉히다, 홀 scholar: 학생, 장학생, 학자, 학식, 어학자, 학식이 있는 사람 scoffing: 비웃음, 웃음거리, 비웃다 scorn: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게

여기지 않다, 냉소하다, 경멸받는 것, 거절하다, 조소하다, 경멸받는 사람 scornful: 경멸하다, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 경멸, 경멸하는, 비웃는, 깔보는, 냉소적인 scornfully: 경멸하다, 경멸, 떳떳하게 여기지 않다, 깔보고, 경멸하여, 경멸적으로 scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다, 매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, 징벌하다, 채찍질하다 scratch: 긁다, 긁힌 상처, 말살하다, 갈겨 쓰다, 근근히 살아가다, 긁는 일, 소정의 규준에 달하다, 어쩌다 맞기, 우비어 파다, 지우다, 찰과상 scripture: 경전, 성전, 성서, 성서에 있는, 성서에서의 인용, 성서의 scroll: 수결, 소용돌이 장식, 족자, 스크롤, 표, 문장의 명을 써 넣은 리본, 소용돌이 꼴의 장식, 두루마리책, 말다, 두루말이, 두루마리 scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히, 주저하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저, 꺼리다, 스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심 seal: 도장, 봉인, 인장, 날인하다, 바다표범 사냥을 하다, 인, 바다표범, 입막음, 확증, 보증, 그 털가죽 sealed: 봉인한, 도장을 찍은 searcher: 탐침, 탐색관, 검사관 searching: 수색, 엄중한, 날카로운, 수색하는, 몸에 스며드는 seasonably: 시기에 알맞게, 계절에 알맞게, 마침 좋은 때에, 호기로, 적절하게 seasoned: 길든, 양념한, 잘 마른, 조미한, 노련한, 경험이 많은, 경험을쌓은, 잘마른 secret: 비밀의, 비밀을 지키는, 비결, 음부, 숨은, 신비스러운, 비법, 신비, 외딴, 불가사의, 비밀 secretly: 비밀히, 소리를 내지 않고, 몰래 sect: 당파, 교파, 종파, 분파 secular: 백년 계속되는, 백년마다의, 현세의, 불후의, 세속의, 속인, 신부, 재속, 한 대 한번의, 한 세기한번의, 수도회에 속하지 않는 성직자 securely: 안전히 하다, 안전한, 보증하다, 단단히 잠그다, 보험에 들다, 붙들어 매다, 확신하는, 구하다, 가두다, 획득하다, 튼튼한 seduce: 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하다, 부추기다, 추기다, 매혹하다 seduction: 부추기다, 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하다, 남을 유혹하는 것, 유혹 seductive: 황홀케하다, 꾀어내다,

부추기다, 유혹하다, 유혹적인, 매혹적인 seed: 씨, 시드하다, 씨를 뿌리다, 자손, 종자, 알, 성숙하다, 시드된 경기자, 원인, 종자가 되는 것, 정액 seemly: 적당한, 점잖은, 알맞은, 품위 있게 seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다 seized: 점유한 selected: 선택된, 정선된, 선발된 self: 자기, 본인, 사욕, 이기심, 단일의, 진수, 귀사, 자아, 귀점, 자신, 나 self-command: 자제, 침착, 극기 self-confidence: 자신, 자신 과잉, 자신감, 자부 self-restraint: 자제, 근신 self-will: 아집, 고집, 억지 self-willed: 제멋대로의, 자기 주장의, 고집센 selling: 판매에 종사하는, 팔리는, 판매하는 semblance: 유사, 외관, 겉꾸밈, 외형, 허울 senator: 평의원, 상원의원, 이사, 상원 의원, 원로원 의원, 정치가, 추밀 고문관 seneca: 세니커족, 고대 로마의 철학자, 비극 작가 sensation: 센세이션, 감각, 감동, 인기, 감정, 세상을 떠들썩하게 하는 것 senseless: 무감각한, 무분별한, 무의식의, 몰상식한, 무감각의, 무의미한 sensible: 분별 있는, 현명한, 지각할 수 있는, 알아채고, 알아챈, 느낄 수 있는, 느끼기 쉬운, 감각의, 신용본위의, 눈에 띌 정도의 sensibly: 현명하게, 스마트하기보다는 실용 본위로, 눈에 띌 정도로, 느끼기 쉽게, 분별있게, 지각 있게, 현저히현명하게, 분별 있게, 느낄 수 있게 sensitive: 느끼기 쉬운, 민감한, 극비에 부쳐야 할, 감광성의, 반응하는, 성잘내는, 절대적 충성을 요하는, 감수성이 예민한, 미묘한, 변동하기 잘 하는, 신경을 쓰는 sentiment: 의견, 감상, 정서, 감정의, 감상적인, 다감, 정취, 다감한, 감정, 감정에 흐르는 경향, 감정적인 생각 seraphim: 의 복수형 serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온,

Augustine 고귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한 serenity: 화창함, 청명, 침착, 고요, 평온, 맑음, 전하 serpent: 뱀, 뱀자리, 악마, 유혹자, 음험한사람, 세르팡, 뱀 같은 사람, 뱀좌 servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴, 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의 serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수 있는, 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는 serving: 음식을 차림, 한 끼분의 음식, 피복재, 한 그릇, 음식시중, 음식 시중, 한 끼분의 음료, 인분 servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역, 예속, 용역권, 노예임 settle: 해결하다, 진정시키다, 가라앉다, 결정하다, 놓다, 식민하다, 자리잡게 하다, 안정시키다, 주다, 결심하다, 이주하다 settled: 고정된, 기틀이 잡힌, 안정된, 정주한, 청산된 settling: 앙금, 침전물, 식민, 결정, 내려앉음, 고정, 맑아짐 seventh: 일곱째의, 일곱 번째로, 제칠, 제칠의, 칠도, 칠분의 하나, 칠분의 하나의, 칠일, 일곱번째의 사람, 일곱번째의 사물 sever: 떨어지다, 절단하다, 단절하다, 가르다, 끊다, 떼어놓다, 자르다, 끊어지다 severally: 각자에, 따로따로 severely: 수수한, 간소한, 격렬한, 엄밀한, 군더더기 없는, 엄숙한, 호된, 중한, 심하게, 간소하게, 엄하게 severity: 괴로움, 엄격, 간소, 격렬, 모진 경험, 통렬함 shade: 그늘, 망령, 땅거미, 차양, 색조, 저승, 그늘지게하다, 색의 뉘앙스, 바림하다, 으로부터 빛을 막다, 어둠 shadow: 그림자, 어둠, 어둡게 하다, 비호, 영상, 환영, 미행자, 그늘, 보호다다, 덮다, 그림자를 만들다 shadowy: 공허한, 덧없는, 몽롱한, 그림자 있는, 그림자가 많은, 그림자 같은, 환상의, 흔적을 나타내는 shady: 수상한, 희미한, 뒤가 구린, 그늘의, 좋지않은, 그늘이 많은, 떳떳하지 못한, 드러내 놓을 수 없는 shaggy: 털복숭이의, 털이 더부룩한, 털 북숭이의, 길고 부드러운 털이 있는, 털이 많은, 풀숲이 많은, 얽히고 설킨 shake: 악수하다, 휘두르다, 떨어버리다, 흔들다, 흔들어 깨우다, 흩뿌리다, 흔들어 떨어뜨리다,

진동하다, 전음을 쓰다, 흔들리게 하다, 떨다 shalt: 직설법 현재 shame: 치욕, 불명예, 수치, 창피한 일, 부끄럼, 부끄러워 하게 하다, 모욕하다, 부끄럽게 하다, 부끄러움, 심한 짓, 잡된 행실 shameful: 부끄러운, 창피한, 고약한, 잡스러운 shamefulness: 부끄러운, 창피한 shameless: 파렴치한, 부끄러움을 모르는, 수치를 모르는, 풍속을 문란케 하는 sharp: 날카로운, 활발한, 교활한, 갑자기, 날카롭게, 무성음의, 반음 높은, 드높은, 빠른, 새된, 선명한 sharpen: 날카롭게 하다, 예리하게 하다, 갈리다, 음조를 올리다, 영리해지다, 심해지다, 빈틈 없게 하다, 더욱 영리하게 하다, 더욱 심하게 하다, 더욱 세게 하다, 날카로와지다 sharper: 사기꾼 sharply: 날카롭게, 빈틈없이, 갑자기, 또렷하게, 세게, 민첩하게, 심하게 sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 선명, 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임, 가파름, 영리, 험준함 sharpsighted: 눈이 날카로운 shatter: 파편, 분쇄하다, 상하다, 깨지다, 부서지다, 부수다, 의 마음에 충격을 주다, 파괴하다, 약화하다, 산산이 부수다, 산산 조각이 나다 shed: 벗다, 발하다, 격납고, 갈다, 깃털을 갈다, 내다, 헛간, 의지간, 탈피하다, 흘리다, 태양열 교환 추진 sheep: 양, 신자, 양가죽, 어리석은 사람, 교구민, 온순한사람, 겁쟁이 shelter: 방공호, 보호하다, 피난하다, 보호물, 은신처, 차페물, 주거, 햇빛을 피하다, 비호하다, 비호, 대피호 shepherd: 목사, 이끌다, 양치는 사람, 지키다, 양치기, 치다, 인도하다, 목양견 shield: 방패, 보호물, 수호하다, 무늬, 방패가 되다, 실드, 방패꼴, 보호하다, 보호자, 숨기다, 순상부 shifting: 이동하는, 바뀌는, 속임수, 협잡의, 이동, 수책을 부리는, 술책을 부리는 shine: 햇빛, 빛나다, 장난, 닦다, 비치다, 빼어나다, 좋아함, 윤기, 애착, 퍼렇게 멍든 눈, 일광 shining: 화려한, 빛나는 뛰어난, 두드러진, 빛나는 shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해,

305 난선하다 shoe: 구두, 신, 편자, 단화, 접촉부, 끝쇠, 타이어의 외피, 이왕 내친 걸음이면 끝까지, 집전장치, 구두를 신기다, 구두 모양의 것 shoes: 구두 shoot: 쏘다, 쑥내밀다, 발사하다, 내려가다, 퍼붓다, 질주하다, 나다, 곧게 밀다, 촬영하다, 사출하다, 슈트하다 shore: 육지, 지주, 해안, 육지로, 언덕, 뭍, 나라, 떠받치다, 물가, 지주로 받치다, 양륙하다 shortly: 곧, 간단히, 쌀쌀하게, 얼마 안 있어, 가까이, 직전에, 무뚝뚝하게, 이내, 즉, 퉁명스럽게, 가까이서 shower: 소나기, 많음, 쏟아짐, 선물, 소나기로 적시다, 빗발치듯 내리다, 소나기가 쏟아지다, 뿌리다, 빗발 치듯함, 샤워, 소나기가 오다 shrink: 뒷걸음질, 정신과 의사, 뒷걸음질 치다, 움츠리다, 추측, 줄어들다, 줄어들게 하다, 방축 가공하다, 수축, 오그라들다, 움츠러지다 shrinking: 움츠리는, 겁내는, 움츠리는 것 shudder: 떨다, 떪, 몸서리치다, 떨림, 몸서리 shut: 닫히다, 잠기다, 잠그다, 잠가 막다, 막다, 가로막다, 폐쇄음의, 휴업하다, 폐쇄하다, 닫다, 에 가두다 sick: 창백한, 병의, 병자용의, 욕지기가 나는, 그리워하는, 넌더리 나는, 상태가 좋지 않은, 싫증이 나는, 토하다, 병자의, 싫증이 나서 sickly: 병약한, 골골하는, 감상적인, 몸이 나쁜, 창백한, 역겹게 하는, 병난, 건강에 나쁜, 싫증 나는, 병자같은, 욕지기나게 하는 sickness: 병, 역겨움, 구역질, 메스꺼움, 앓음 siege: 포위, 을 포위하다, 의 포의를 풀다, 줄기차게 공격하다, 오랜 기간, 포위 공격 sigh: 한숨, 탄식, 을 슬퍼하다, 한숨쉬며 말하다, 그리워하다, 살랑거리다, 슬퍼하다, 한숨 쉬다, 한숨 지으며 말하다, 한숨 짓듯 산들거리다, 사모하다 signify: 의미하다, 중대하다, 예시하다, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의 전조가 되다 silent: 조용한, 활동하지 않는, 묵음의, 무언의, 무언으로, 침묵하는, 조용히, 잠자코, 익명의, 침묵을 지키는, 소식이 없는 silently: 잠자코, 조용히, 아무 말

306

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

않고, 묵묵히, 고요하게 silly: 어리석은, 바보 같은, 천진한, 아연한, 단순한, 백치의, 순진한, 기절한, 바보 silver: 은, 은의, 은화, 은을 입히다, 은으로 만든, 은그릇, 은도금 하다, 질산은, 질산은을 칠하다, 은실, 은 같은 similitude: 비교, 외모, 유사, 비슷함, 직유 simplicity: 간소, 순진, 단순, 소박, 평이, 무지, 간단, 우직 sin: 잘못, 죄, 칠죄종, 짓다, 위반, 저지르다, 벌받을 일, 죄를 짓다, 사인, 신 sincerely: 성실한, 진실의, 미음으로부터, 진정으로 sinful: 죄많은, 버력입을, 죄있는, 죄가 있는, 벌받을 sing: 노래하다, 지저귀다, 울다, 울리다, 윙윙거리다, 픽픽하다, 시를 짓다, 노래가 되다, 소리치다, 자백하다, 노래를 짓다 singing: 노래하기, 노래, 노래하는, 지저귐, 귀울림, 노래부름, 명음 single-hearted: 순진한 singly: 단독으로, 혼자서, 제 힘으로, 하나씩, 한 사람씩 singsong: 즉흥 노래 대회, 단조롭게 노래하다, 단조로운, 엉터리 시, 억양이 없는 목소리로 읽다, 억양이 없는 목소리로 이야기하다, 단조로운 가락의 시가, 합창회 singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 단수형 singularly: 단수로, 단수, 이상하게, 훌륭한, 각각의 단수의, 개개의, 단 하나의, 독특한, 멋진, 이상한, 현저한 sink: 쇠약해지다, 내려앉다, 낮추다, 가라앉히다, 지다, 스며들다, 몰락하다, 침몰하다, 숙이다, 쑥 빠지다, 우묵해지다 sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약 가라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는 sinner: 죄인, 개구쟁이 sixteenth: 열여섯째의, 제육십, 열여섯번째의 sixth: 여섯째의, 여섯째, 육학년, 육도 음정, 여섯번째의, 여섯번째, 육분의 하나 skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진 skill: 솜씨, 술련, 교묘, 문제가 되다, 숙련, 이해하다, 기능 skilled: 숙련된, 기술이 좋은, 숙련이 필요한, 솜씨를 요하는, 숙련을 요하는, 특수 기술을 요하는

slave: 노예, 뼈빠지게 일하다, 노예의, 노예처럼 시키다, 노예처럼 일하는 사람, 노예처럼 일하다, 노예개미, 종속 장치로서 작동시키다, 노예같이 일하는 사람, 사로빠진 사람, 종속 장치 slavery: 노예 제도, 고역, 중노동, 노예의 신분, 예속, 노예의 신세, 포로, 천한 일, 군침 투성이의, 군침 흘리는 slavish: 독창성이 없는, 천한, 노예적인, 비열한, 노예 근성의, 노예의 slay: 죽이다, 파괴하다, 학살하다, 끔찍하게 죽이다, 살해하다, 몹시 웃기다 sleeper: 자는 사람, 침대차, 침목, 뜻밖에 성공하는 사람, 예상 외로 성공한 것, 잠옷, 슬리퍼 에이전트, 야경, 예상 외로 성공한 사람 sleeping: 수면 slew: 많음, 회전, 습지, 진창, 수두룩함, 돌다, 돌리다, 늪 slight: 경멸, 근소한, 약한, 얕보다, 적은, 훌쭉한, 가냘픈, 모자라는, 하찮은, 경시하다, 조금도 slighting: 대수롭지 않게 여기는, 실례되는, 깔보는, 경멸하는 slippery: 불안정한, 미끄러운, 믿을 수 없는, 속임수의, 뻔뻔스러운, 의미가 선명하지 않은, 잡을 데가 없는 sloth: 나태, 나무늘보, 게으름 slothful: 게으른, 나태한 sluggish: 느린, 게으름 피우는, 불경기인, 활발치 못한, 게으른, 기능이 둔한, 부진한 slumber: 휴지하다, 잠, 잠자다, 잠자면서 보내다, 활동을 쉬다, 무기력 상태, 혼수 상태 smell: 냄새, 의 냄새가 나다, 후각, 낌새, 냄새 맡음, 냄새맡고 다니다, 악취가 나다, 알아채다, 냄새맡다, 맡아내다, 냄새가 나다 smiling: 방긋거림, 미소, 은혜, 냉소 smoke: 얼굴을 붉히다, 궐련, 김이 나다, 그을리다, 대마초를 피우다, 잘 타지 않고 내다, 흑인, 훈제로 하다, 덧없는 것, 여송연, 연기 smooth: 유창한, 매끄러운, 반드럽게 함, 부드러운, 입에 당기는, 평지, 반드러운 부분, 수염없는, 반드러운, 멋진, 귀에 거슬리지 않는 snare: 향현, 덫, 유혹하다 snow: 눈, 순백, 백발, 코카인 가루, 적설, 백발로 하다, 눈이 내리다, 눈으로 파묻히게하다, 눈같이 뿌리다, 겨울, 설백 soaring: 상승, 우뚝 솟은, 높이 날기,

높이 나는, 고원한, 우뚝 솟음, 날아 오르는, 활상 sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한, 취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은 정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을 가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다 soberly: 분별 있는, 진지한, 술이 깨다, 취하지않은, 수수한, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을 가라앉히다, 냉정한, 과장 없는, 맑은 정신의, 침착하게 sobriety: 절주, 근엄, 제정신, 진지함, 절제, 냉정, 맑은 정신, 술 취하지 않음 socalled: 소위, 이른바 sodom: 소돔, 죄악이 판치는데 soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도 softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, 우둔 softly: 조용한, 수월한, 흐릿한, 온화한, 연한, 상쾌한, 부드럽게, 손쉬운, 부드러운 물건, 부드러운, 매끈한 soil: 오물, 더러워지다, 더럽히다, 흙, 토양, 비료, 타락시키다, 얼룩을 묻히다, 생육지, 토지, 더럼 soldier: 용사, 군대에 복무하다, 군인, 꾀부리다, 전사, 빤들거리다, 사병, 용병, 군인이 되다, 훈제 청어, 병사 sole: 유일한, 단독의, 발바닥, 미혼의, 독점적인, 혀가자미, 신바닥, 밑부분, 혀넙치, 바닥, 창을 대다 solecism: 예법에 어긋남, 잘못, 문법위반, 문법 위반, 어법 위반 solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정의, 종교상의, 중대한 solemnity: 의식, 장엄, 엄숙, 점잔뺌, 정식, 점잔 뺌 solid: 고체, 견실한, 입체의, 고체의, 사이가 좋은, 멋진, 완전한, 순수한, 속이 비지 않은, 연속된, 하이픈없이 된 solidity: 견고, 고체성, 견실, 단단함, 밀도 짙음, 체적, 굳음, 실질적임, 입체성, 고체 solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야 solomon: 현인, 솔로몬, 기원전 10 세기의 이스라엘 왕 solve: 설명하다, 해결하다, 풀다 sometime: 언제가 조만간, 이전, 이따금, 이따금의, 이전의, 언젠가, 어떤 때에 song: 노래, 가곡, 가창, 시, 지저귐, 변명, 설명, 창가, 을 자랑하다, 무가차한 것, 물끓는 소리 sooner: 선구적 이주자, 선구이주민,

Augustine 선수치는 사람 sore: 상처, 아픈, 언짢은 추억, 지독한, 성마른, 슬픈, 아프게, 얼얼한, 비통, 힘차게, 진무른데 sorely: 슬픈, 따끔 따끔 쑤시는, 고통을일으키는, 상처, 성난, 비통, 힘사게, 아프게, 진무른데, 지독한, 격심한 sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, 고생 sorrowful: 슬픈, 가슴아픈, 슬퍼보이는, 애처로운, 슬퍼하는, 슬프게 하는, 슬픔에 젖은, 후회하는 soul: 영혼, 정수, 정신, 확실히, 기백, 단연코, 열정, 화신, 사람, 흑인이 전하는 강렬한 느낌, 흑인 본래의 sounder: 음향기, 울리는 것, 전음 발신기, 측심원, 소리내는 것, 소식자, 울리는 사람, 측심기, 산돼지 떼 sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 측량, 소리나는 soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한, 합리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은, 안전한, 건전하게 soundness: 합리적인, 확실한, 충분히, 철저한, 안전한, 건전한, 강하지않은, 건강 sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운, 시게하다, 지르릉하게 하다, 찌무룩한, 시큼한, 산패한, 발효한, 냉습한 sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의, 주권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의, 독립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드 금화, 영국의 옛1파운드 금화, 특효가 있는 spacious: 넓찍한, 넓은, 드넓은 spare: 절약하다, 할애하다, 용서하다, 나누어 주다, 예비품, 아끼지 않다, 아끼다, 없는대로 지내다, 억누르다, 검약하다, 삼가다 sparrow: 참새, 스패로 spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것 spectacles: 안경 spectator: 구경꾼, 방관자, 관찰자, 목격자 speechless: 말을 못하는, 잠자코 있는, 말 못하는, 말문이 막힌, 말하지 않는, 이루 형언할 수 없는 speedily: 즉시의, 재빠른, 조속한, 민속한, 빨리 spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미,

거미같은, 아주 가느다란 spiritual: 영적인, 정신의, 신성한, 흑인 영가, 종교의, 종교상의, 종교적인 일, 종교적인 것, 정신적인 일, 영가, 성령의 spiritually: 영적으로, 정신적으로, 신성하게, 고상하게 spoil: 관직, 망치다, 이권, 약탈하다, 발굴물, 약탈품, 아이를 응석받이로 키우다, 못쓰게 되다, 손상케하다, 상하다, 약탈 spoken: 구두, 입으로 말하는, 구두의, 담화에 사용되는, 말에 사용되는 sponge: 해면, 해면으로 닦다, 식객, 술고래, 해면 모양의 물건, 해면에 흡수시키다, 해면을 따다, 흡수하다, 스펀지, 패배를 자인하다, 등치다 sportively: 화려하게, 장난쳐, 변종으로, 까불어 sports: 스포츠의, 스포츠용의, 운동회, 스포츠에 적합한 sprung: 얼근한 spurn: 일축, 퇴짜, 자빡, 일축하다, 걷어차다, 걷어차기, 쫑아버리다, 쫓아버리다, 딱 거절하다, 차버림, 차다 stable: 안정된, 착실한, 마구간, 마구간에 넣다, 복원력이 있는, 외양간, 말, 말 조련장, 안정성의, 영속성의, 견고한 stanza: 절, 연 starry: 별이 많은, 별처럼 빛나는, 별빛의, 별의, 별모양의, 별 모양의 stars: 별빛 startled: 놀란 stateliness: 위엄, 위엄있음, 장중, 당당함, 장엄함 statue: 조상, 상, 초상 stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장, 성장도 stead: 대신, 장소, 이익, 도움, 남에게 쓸모가 도움이 되다, 남에게 쓸모가 있다 steadfast: 견실한, 부동의, 고정된 steal: 훔치다, 도둑질하다, 도루하다, 훔침, 횡재, 도둑질, 도루, 몰래 손에 넣다, 훔친물건, 몰래가다조용히 움직이다, 싸게 산 물건 stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건 stealth: 비밀, 몰래, 몰래 하기, 슬그머니 하기 steep: 담그는 액체, 험한, 엄청난, 가풀막, 적시다, 담그다, 담금, 몰두 시키다, 급경사진, 가파른, 적심 steer: 키를 잡다, 조언, 향하다, 나아가다, 어린수소, 충고, 조종하다, 인도하다, 에 관계하지 않다, 식육용의 불깐 소, 돌리다

307 stick: 붙이다, 찌르다, 잔가지, 조종간, 단장, 나무토막, 지팡이 멍청이, 연속 무하 폭탄, 고착 시키다, 엄청난 값을 부르다, 걸리게 하다 sticking: 끈적거림, 끈적끈적한, 늘어붙는, 개탕 대패로 깎기 stiff: 시체, 딱딱한, 빡빡한, 독한, 강세의, 완고한, 뻣뻣한, 되게 반죽된, 딱딱한사람, 잘움직이지 않는, 경직한 팽팽한 stiffly: 뻣뻣하게, 완고하게, 완강하게, 단호하게, 딱딱하게 stiffness: 단단함, 완고함, 강도, 강성, 딱딱함, 빳빳함 stimulus: 자극, 흥분제, 격려, 자극물, 흥분, 쐐기털, 침, 고무 stipend: 급료, 봉급, 급비 stir: 활동, 움직이다, 움직임, 휘젓다, 뒤섞다, 흥분, 찌르기, 휘젓기, 유통하다, 흥분시키다, 활동하다 stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는 stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투 stolen: 훔친 stolidity: 둔감, 완고, 무신경 stomach: 위, 식욕, 욕망, 참다, 먹다, 삼키다, 소화하다, 기호, 기분, 복부 stoop: 새우등, 현과의 툇마루, 허리가 굽다, 전락하다, 굽히다, 굴종, 겸손, 구부러지다, 몸을 굽히다, 하다, 자신을 낮추어 store: 축적, 공급하다, 창고에 보관하다, 백화점, 저장소, 저장, 기억시키다, 저축하다, 비축, 떼어두다, 넣을 여지가 있다 storm: 폭풍우, 강습, 강습하다, 날뛰다, 호통치다, 빗발치듯 하는 총알, 큰비, 폭발, 돌진하다, 험알해지다, 심한 천둥 stormy: 폭풍우의, 소란스러운, 날씨가 험악한, 격렬한, 폭풍우 같은 strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연스러운 strait: 궁핍, 해협, 좁은, 곤란, 좁은문, 엄중한 straitly: 엄격하게, 좁게, 답답하게 straitness: 좁음, 엄격함, 답답함 strangely: 이상하게, 기묘하게, 서먹서먹하게, 기묘하게도, 색다르게, 이상하게도 stranger: 손님, 제삼자, 낯선 사람, 새로 온 사람, 무 경험자, 모르는 사람, 을 쌀쌀하게대하다, 여보세요, 문외한 strayed: 길을 잃는 stream: 시내, 흐르다, 흐름,

308

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

펄럭이다, 풍조, 경향, 흘리다, 유출시키다, 정보의 흐름, 펄럭이게 하다, 물결 streaming: 흐름, 능력별 학급 편성 strengthen: 강해지다, 기운이 나다, 기운을 돋우다, 강하게하다, 강하게 하다 stretch: 기지개를 켜다, 펴다, 뻗다, 펴지다, 펼치다, 뻗치다, 억지로 갖다 붙이다, 잡아당기다, 에 미치다, 손발을 뻗다, 긴장 stretched: 잡아당기는 stricken: 맞은, 다친, 덮친, 습격당한 strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함, 직립성 strife: 싸움, 투쟁, 다툼 striking: 치는, 파업중인, 인상적인, 현저한, 두드러진, 눈에 띄는 strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰다 stroke: 한바탕 일하기, 치는 소리, 고동, 쓰다듬다, 맥박, 어루만지다, 한 칼, 한 번 움직임, 한 번 손발 놀리기, 한 번 새김, 침 struck: 파업으로 폐쇄된 struggle: 노력, 고투, 버둥질, 밀어 헤치고 나아가다, 고투하다, 격투, 노력하다, 발버둥질, 허위적거리다, 몸부림, 몸부림치다 struggling: 분투하는, 생활고와 싸우는, 기를쓰는, 발버둥치는, 노력하는 studied: 심사 숙관, 정통한, 일부러 꾸민, 박식한, 부자연스런, 고의의 studious: 애쓰는, 열심인, 공부하는, 주의 깊은, 공부 좋아하는, 신중한, 학문에 정진하는 studiously: 애써 -하여, 학문을 좋아하여, 꼼꼼하게, 신중하게 stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림, 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다 stupidity: 어리석음, 우둔, 어리석은 언동, 어리석은 짓, 얼빠진 언동, 얼빠짐 subdued: 억제된, 가라앉은, 차분한, 조용한, 완화된, 약해진, 낮춘, 낮아진, 정복된 subjection: 복종, 정복, 종속, 좌지우지됨, 의존함, 좌우됨 sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한, 승화시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄, 숭고하다, 승화하다, 고상하게 되다, 웅대한, 최고의 sublimely: 숭고하게, 탁월하게, 터무니없이, 고상하게 sublimer: 승화자

sublimity: 장엄, 장엄한 것, 절정, 극치, 웅대, 고상, 숭고한 인물 submit: 복종시키다, 제출하다, 복종하다, 공손히 아뢰다, 부탁하다 subordinate: 종속의, 종속하는 사람, 경시하다, 부수하는, 종속시키다, 하위의, 하위에 두다, 아래의, 종속자, 밑에 두다, 종속적인 subsequently: 그후에, 다음에, 이어서, 그 결과로서, 그후 subsist: 생존하다, 존재하다, 급양하다, 밥을 대다, 생활하다, 존속하다, 에게 양식을 공급하다 substance: 실체, 물질, 실질, 요지, 재산, 물건, 본질, 사실상, 실질적으로, 자산, 거의 대부분 subtile: 미묘한, 예민한, 교활한, 치밀한 subtilty: 예민, 교활, 난해, 민감, 세밀한 구별, 정묘, 불가사의 subtle: 미묘한, 포착하기 어려운, 희박한, 음흉한, 예민한, 미세한, 서서히 효과가 나타나는, 교활한, 묽은, 파악하기 어려운, 세밀한 subversion: 전복, 파괴 succeed: 에 계속하다, 성공하다, 잇따라 일어나다, 계속되다, 입신하다, 의 뒤를 잇다, 계승하다, 의 자리를 계승하다, 후임이 되다 succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의 succession: 연속, 계승, 상속, 상속자들, 계승권, 상속권, 연속물 successive: 연속적인, 잇따른, 연속하는 successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 잇달아서 succour: 돕다, 구원, 구원하다, 구조 구조하다, 구조, 원조자, 원조하다, 구조자 suck: 빨다, 흡수하다, 한 번 빨기, 빨아들이다, 빨기흡인력, 얻다, 착취하다, 홀짝 빨아들이다, 한 번 핥기, 실망, 에게 젖을 먹이다 sucking: 미숙한, 빨아들이는, 젖내나는, 아직 젖 떨어지지 않은, 풋내기의, 젖을 빠는, 빨아 들이는 sudden: 돌연한, 갑작스런, 돌연 suffer: 입다, 견디다, 당하다, 병에 걸리다, 괴로워하다, 손해를 입다, 겪다, 고생하다, 허용하여, 아파하다, 하게 하다 suffering: 괴로움, 고통, 피해, 고생, 수난, 재난, 재해, 괴로운 suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, 만족시키다, 족하다 sufficiently: 충분히 suggestion: 암시, 유발, 투, 제안, 기미, 생각남, 암시되어진 사람, 생각하기, 제의

suitably: 상당하게, 어울려, 적당하게 summit: 절정, 정상, 수뇌회담, 수뇌부, 모서리, 정상 회담, 정점, 꼭대기, 수뇌 회담, 수뇌급, 수뇌급의 sumptuously: 호화롭게, 사치스럽게 sunder: 가르다, 찢다, 갈라지다, 때다, 분리되다, 따로 따로 sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한 supereminent: 매우 탁월한, 발군의 superior: 우세한, 우수한, 뛰어난 사람, 거만한, 윗사람, 수도원장, 우량한, 을 초월한, 에 동요되지 않는, 보다 놓은, 상급자 superstition: 미신, 사교 superstitious: 미신에 사로잡힌, 미신저긴, 미신의 suppliant: 탄원하는, 애원하는 듯한, 탄원자, 탄원하는 듯한 supporting: 원조하는, 조연하는, 받치는, 지지하는, 떠받치는 supposing: 이라면, 만약 suppress: 진압하다, 막다, 억누르다, 참다, 삭제하다, 발표하지 않다, 억제하다, 억압하다, 진정하다 supreme: 최후의, 지고의, 최고도, 최고위의, 절대의 supremely: 지상으로, 최고로, 주권을 가져서, 극도로 surmount: 이겨내다, 얹다, 극복하다, 오르다, 의 위에 놓다, 위에 놓다, 위로 솟아있다 surpassingly: 비상하게, 우수하게, 뛰어나게 suspect: 의심하다, 용의자, 의심스러운, 알아채다, 느끼다, 이 아닌가 생각하다, 의심을 품다 suspense: 걱정, 서스펜스, 미결정, 불안, 이도저도 아님, 정지, 미결 suspicious: 의심을 나타내는, 괴이쩍은, 의심하는, 의심스러운, 의심 많은, 의혹을 일으키는 sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 것, 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지 sweat: 땀, 고역, 혹사하다, 걱정하여, 땀 흘려 일하다, 열심히 일하여, 고문하다, 땀으로 적시다, 땀을 흘리게 하다, 땀을 흘리다, 물기 sweet: 단 것, 사탕, 캔디, 친절한, 신선한, 상냥한, 상냥하게, 향기로운, 맛있는, 귀여운, 순조롭게 sweeten: 달게 하다, 좋아지다, 좋게하다, 유쾌하게 하다, 누그러지다, 달게 되다, 의 느낌을 좋게 하다, 의 매력을 높이다, 의 비위를 맞추다, 의 울림을 좋게 하다, 의 입맛을 좋게 하다 sweetly: 상냥하게, 달게, 귀엽게, 향기롭게, 기분 좋게, 기분좋게, 잘 들어, 아름답게

Augustine sweetness: 아름다움, 친절, 방향, 단맛, 유쾌, 감미로움, 신선, 부드러움, 단 맛, 신선함, 사랑스러움 swelling: 팽창, 기복, 종기, 부푼, 증대 융기한, 증대, 융기한, 팽윤 swift: 즉석의, 빠른, 칼새, 하기 쉬운, 빨리, 순식간의, 스위프트, 잽싸게, 동작이 빠른 사람, 동작이 빠른 것 swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임, 즉시, 하기 쉬움 swine: 돼지, 야비한 사람, 비열한 놈 swollen: 부푼, 물이 불은, 과장된 swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 졸도, 졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다 sword: 검, 무력, 전쟁, 칼, 총검 syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 음절로 나누다 sympathy: 동정, 공명, 교감, 동조, 연민, 일치, 조화, 찬성, 동의, 동감, 감웅성 syrian: 시리아의, 시리아, 시리아 인의, 시리아 인 tabernacle: 성궤, 육체, 장망, 천막집, 예배소, 유대성소, 가옥, 성기상자, 을 성실에 모시다, 임시로 살다, 장막 tale: 이야기, 총수, 거짓말, 험담, 전체, 수, 소문, 비밀을 퍼뜨리다, 고자질, 계산, 객담 talent: 재능, 연예인, 재능 있는 사람들, 인재, 고대 그리스, 재주, 탤런트, 히부리의 무게 이름, 재능 있는 사람, 자기 마음대로 거는 사람들 talented: 재능 있는, 재능이 있는 tales: 보결 배심원, 보결 배심원 소집 영장, 탈러 tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든 tamer: 길들이는 사람 tardy: 더딘, 느린, 늦은, 지각, 내키지 않는, 지각한 taste: 시식, 취미, 맛보다, 맛, 미각, 기호, 의 맛이 나다, 풍미, 한 입, 풍미가 있다, 한 번 맛보기 taunt: 조롱, 조롱거리, 욕설, 냉소, 욕하여...시키다, 높고 잘 정비된, 조롱하다, 의장을 갖추고 teach: 가르치다, 교수하다, 선생질하다, 깨닫게 하다, 교사를 하다, 혼내주다, 훈련하다 tear: 눈물, 쥐어뜯다, 찢다, 분열시키다, 비애, 할퀴다, 질주하다, 잡아뜯다, 미친듯이 날뛰다, 괴롭히다, 돌진하다 tearful: 슬픈, 눈물어린, 눈물을 자아내는, 눈물이 헤픈, 곧잘 우는, 눈물 어린

tediousness: 장황함, 지루함 teeming: 풍부한, 우글우글한, 지식이 많은, 새끼가 많은, 다산의, 넘치는, 풍부함 temper: 기분, 기질, 침착, 평정, 굳기, 되불림, 알맞은 조합정도, 적당한 정도, 반죽하다, 부드러워지다, 되불리다 temperament: 기질, 평균율, 성미, 격정, 체질, 격한 성미 temperance: 절주, 절제, 금주, 삼감 tempered: 조절된, 완화된, 단련된, 불린, 달구어 단련한, 기질의 tempestuously: 폭풍우같이, 사나운 비바람같이, 소란스럽게 temple: 신전, 관자놀이, 성단, 절, 교회, 사원, 전당, 쳇발, 고대 유대의 3신전의 하나, 안경 다리, 성령의 전 temporal: 시간의, 현세의, 관자놀이의, 측두골, 때의, 순간적인, 세속의, 때를 나타내는, 속세의, 세속적인 일, 세속적인 것 temporary: 덧없는, 임시의, 잠시의, 일시의, 당분간의, 일시적인, 임시 변통한 것 tempt: 유혹하다, 무릅쓰다, 시도하다, 성나게 하다, 꾀다, 당기게 하다, 할 생각이 나게 하다, 시험하다 temptation: 유혹, 광야의 시험, 유혹물 tempting: 유혹하는, 황홀하게 하는, 부추기는, 마음이 당기는 tender: 허약한, 간호인, 부드러운, 제출하다, 입찰하다, 부속선, 감시인, 입찰, 제공, 친절한, 탄수차 tenderly: 상냥하게, 예민하게, 상하기 쉽게, 유약하게 tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름, 민감, 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정 tenet: 주의, 신조, 교의 tenor: 테너, 취지, 진로, 대의, 방침, 사본, 테너의 terrestrial: 지상의, 지구의, 육지의, 인간, 육상의, 속세의, 육지에 사는, 지상에 사는것, 육생의, 지구상의, 지구상의 생물 terribly: 무섭게, 무시무시하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 심하게 testament: 유언, 성약, 증거, 계약, 성서, 유서 testimony: 증명, 항의, 십계, 증언, 증거, 신의 가르침, 신앙 성명, 성서, 십계명, 고백, 증엄 thankful: 감사하고 있는, 감사의, 감사하는 thanksgiving: 사은, 감사, 추수감사절, 추수 감사절, 하느님에 대한 감사 theatrical: 극장의, 연극의, 연극

309 같은, 연극, 연극조의, 연극적 행동 thee: 너를, 너에게 theft: 도둑질, 절도죄, 도루, 훔침 theirs: 그들의 것 thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터 thenceforth: 그때 이래, 그러므로, 그래서, 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 거기서 부터, 그때이래 thereby: 그 때문에, 그것에 의해서, 그것에 의하여, 그것에 관하여, 그 근처에 therefrom: 거기서부터 therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데에 thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터 thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시 thereto: 그밖에 다시, 거기에, 거기에 더하여, 또, 게다가 또, 그것에 thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 즉시 therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여, 그래서 thick: 가장 두꺼운부분, 두껍게, 우거진 수풀, 만난을 무릅쓰고, 한창 때, 굵은, 진하게, 두꺼운, 빽빽한, 짙은, 진한 thief: 도둑 thieve: 훔치다, 도둑질하다 thine: 너의 것 thirdly: 세 번째로, 세번째로, 세째로, 제3으로, 제삼으로 thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다 thirtieth: 제30, 제삼십의, 삼십분의 일의, 십삼분의 일, 제삼십 thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽으로 thoroughly: 철저히, 순전히, ㅁㅇ완전히, 충분히, 완전히 thou: 너는, 네가, 달러, 당신은, 천개, 파운드 thraldom: 노예의 신분, 속박, 노역, 노예의 상태 thread: 실, 실에 꿰다, 실을 꿰다, 재봉실, 나삿니를 내다, 섬유, 끈 실, 섬조, 누비듯이지나가다, 연속, 가는 것 threefold: 삼면 장치, 삼배로, 삼배의, 삼부분이 있는, 삼중로, 요소이 있는 thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고 throat: 좁은 통로, 목소리, 목, 기관, 목구멍, 에 홈을 만들다, 에 홈을 파다, 좁은 입구, 좁은 출구, 목구멍 모양의 물건 throne: 왕좌, 왕위, 옥좌, 왕권,

310

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

교황의 자리, 즉위시키다, 왕좌에 앉히다, 교황의 성좌, 좌품천사, 군주, 왕위에 앉다 throng: 군중, 쇄도하다, 혼잡, 모여들다, 중압, 에 모여들다, 많은 것의 집합, 떼를 지어 모이다, 가득 메우다 thrust: 밀다, 찌르다, 찔러넣다, 공격, 습격, 돌진하다, 찌르기, 혹평, 밀치다, 밀기, 돌격 thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통, 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림, 천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다, 요란한 소리를 내다 thunderer: 벼락 같은 소리를 지르는 사람, 뇌신, 호통치는 사람, 고함치는 사람, 일대경세지 thundering: 엄청나게, 터무니없는, 우뢰같이 울리는, 우뢰같은, 터무니없이, 매우, 뇌성같이 울리는, 뇌성 같은, 거대한, 우뢰 같은 thwart: 반대하다, 카누의 창막이, 좌절시키다, 보트나 카누의 가로장, 가로질러, 가로지른, 방해하다, 훼방놓다, 가로놓인, 보트 젓는 사람의 좌석, 을 가로질러서 thy: 그대의 thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신 tide: 풍조, 때, 경향, 극복하다, 조수, 흐름, 조수를 타고가다, 헤어나게 하다, 성쇠, 나르다, 견뎌내게 하다 tie: 넥타이, 연결하다, 끈, 동점, 매다, 매듭, 속박하다, 동점이 되다, 속박, 구두끈, 방해하다 till: 까지, 갈다, 돈궤, 서랍, 귀중품함, 할 때까지는, 하여 마침내, 표석 점토, 배양하다, 땅을 갈다, 까지줄곧 tip: 끝, 팁, 기울다, 기울이다, 정상, 선단, 뒤집히다, 인사하려고 벗다, 에 끝을 붙이다, 끝에 씌우다, 뒤집어 엎다 tire: 타이어, 지치다, 피로하게하다, 넌더리나게 하다, 머리 장식, 싫증나게 하다, 장식을 하다, 지겹게 하다, 타이어를 달다, 피곤해지다, 싫증 나다 tired: 피곤한, 진부한, 물린, 지친, 싫증난, 케케묵은, 싫어진, 세상이 싫어져서, 낡아빠진, 타이어를 단 toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 이룩하다 toilsome: 고된, 힘드는 token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의, 대용화폐, 명목상의, 암호, 유물, 점점, 증거, 전조, 신호 tone: 어조, 색조, 가락을 붙이다, 음질, 품격, 가락, 가락이 붙다,

강하게 하다, 호조, 논조, 조화시키다 tongue: 말, 혀, 국어, 탕, 혀를 사용하여 불다, 혀를 사용하다, 널름거리다, 혀 모양의 것, 말하다, 혀 모양의 가장자리를 만들다, 혀처럼 생긴 것 torment: 고통, 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다, 나무라다, 그원인, 고민, 괴롭힘, 곤란하게 하다, 고문대 torpor: 활동정지, 마비, 지둔, 무기력 torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류 torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통 toss: 단숨에 들이켜다, 던지다, 흥분, 돈던지기를 하여 결정짓다, 아래위로 몹시 흔들다번롱하다, 상하의 동요, 낙마, 높이 쳐 올리다, 손쉽게 해 치우다, 던져올리다, 던지기 touched: 감동한, 머리가 약간 돈, 감동된, 조금 미친, 조금미친 touching: 감동시키는, 애처로운, 에 관하여, 에 관해서, 감동적인 toward: 에 대하여, 을 위하여, 가까이, 온순한, 으로의, 의 쪽으로, 무렵, 쪽으로, 바야흐로 일어나려는, 에 가까이, 전도 유망한 tower: 탑, 성채, 성루, 높이 솟아 오르다, 요새, 우뚝 솟다, 철도 신호소, 곧추 올라가다, 일직선으로 날아오름, 솟다, 끄는 것 townsman: 읍민, 도회지 사람, 읍내사람 trace: 선, 발자국, 봇줄, 나아가다, 발견하다, 그리다, 흔적, 베끼다, 의 유래를 조사하다, 조금, 추적하다 tragical: 비극적으로, 비참하게, 비참한 trample: 짓밟다, 짓밟음, 유린하다, 심하게 다루다, 짓밟는 소리, 무시하다, 내리 밟다 tranquil: 조용한, 평온한, 차분한 tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정 transgression: 위반, 범죄 transition: 변이, 변천, 과도기, 전조, 변화, 전이, 조바꿈 transitory: 일시적인, 오래가지 않는, 덧없는, 무상한, 일시의 transparent: 투명한, 솔직한, 명료한, 빤히 들여다뵈는, 명백한, 명쾌한 travail: 산고, 노고, 진통, 고생, 진통으로 괴로와하다, 고생하다, 수고하다, 진통하다 traveller: 여행자, 주문 받는 사람, 외판원, 여행에 익숙한 사람, 순회

판매인, 이동 기중기, 하게 진행하는 차 등, 하게 진행하는 것 등, 하게 진행하는 말 등, 외무원 treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는, 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에 어긋나는 treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역 tread: 밟아 뭉개다, 걷다, 짓밟다, 밟다, 걸음걸이, 밟기, 교미하다, 가로장, 밟는 소리, 억누르다, 디딤판 treasure: 보물, 보배, 비장하다, 명기하다, 재보, 재산을 던지다, 진중히 여기다, 귀여운 너, 금전, 명심하다 treasure-house: 보고, 보물 창고 treasury: 자금, 국고, 보고, 재무성, 보물, 기금, 보전, 산 사전, 보물광, 국고금고, 사화집 treat: 대접하다, 논하다, 대우하다, 간주하다, 취급하다, 한턱, 향응하다, 향음, 한턱내다, 즐거운 일, 처리하다 treble: 새된, 소프라노, 세 겹, 최고음부, 같은 말에 의한 세레이스 우승, 세곱하다, 삼배의, 삼배, 높은, 고음부의 악기, 고음부의 목소리 tremble: 진동, 흔들리다, 조바심하다, 전율하다, 떨하다, 떨림, 전전긍긍하다, 전율, 떨다, 떨게 하다 trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는, 전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는 tribulation: 고난, 시련, 간난 tribute: 공물, 찬사, 선물, 감사의 말, 광부에게 주는 배당 trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소한, 게으른 trine: 삼위일체, 순은의 세 개 한벌, 세 배의, 삼중의, 세 개 한벌, 삼배의 trinity: 삼위 일체, 세 부분으로 된 파이프 청소기, 삼위 일체 축일, 삼위 일체의 상징, 삼위일체설, 셋으로 된 짝, 트리오, 삼위일체 triple: 세 부분으로 된, 세겹의, 삼중으로 되다, 삼배의 수, 삼배의 양, 삼중으로 하다, 삼배으로 되다, 삼루타, 삼배으로 하다, 삼중의 triumph: 성공하다, 이기다, 승리, 개선식, 승리감, 승리를 기뻐하다, 승리를 자랑하다, 대성공, 승리의 기쁨, 정복, 공적 trojan: 용사, 정력가, 트로이 사람, 트로이의, 근면가 troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼, 모이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리, 몰리다, 떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병 중대 troubled: 난처한, 거칠은, 소란한, 교란된, 근심스러운 troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운,

Augustine 말썽부리는 truly: 참으로, 정확히, 바르게, 성실히, 정확하게, 사실을 말하자면, 정말로, 진실로, 충실히 trusting: 믿는, 사람을 의심하지 않는, 믿고있는, 남을 의심하지 않는 tumbling: 텀블링 tumult: 흥분, 혼란, 소동, 떠들썩함, 소란, 소요, 격동 tumultuous: 떠들썩한, 혼란한, 흥분한, 동요한 tumultuously: 시끄럽게, 동요되게 tune: 협조, 상태, 조율하다, 곡조, 조화시키다, 노래하다, 곡, 조화, 장단이 맞음, 음조를 맞추다, 갑자기 겸손해지다 turbulence: 휘몰아침, 교류, 난류, 거칡, 난기류, 동란, 몹시 거침, 불온, 소란 turbulent: 광포한, 거친, 소란 스러운, 소란스러운, 휘몰아치는 tutor: 억제하다, 후견인, 가정 교사, 개인 지도 교사 노릇을 하다, 개인 지도 교사, 강사, 지도하다, 가정 교사로서 가르치다, 개인 교수를 받다, 가정 교사 노릇을 하다, 개인 가정 교사로서 지도하다 twinkling: 경쾌한, 어른거림, 반짝반짝 빛나는, 반짝임, 번득이는, 순간, 번쩍거리는, 번드거임, 반짝거리는, 깜ㅃ가임, 깜빡임 twins: 쌍 twisted: 일그러진, 황홀해진, 꼬인, 술취한, 비틀어진 two-edged: 쌍날의, 두 가지로 이해되는 ulcerous: 궤양성의, 궤양에 걸린, 부패한, 썩은, 궤양상태의 unacquainted: 낯선, 생소한, 알지 못하는 unadorned: 꾸밈이 없는, 있는 그대로의 unaided: 도움을 받지 않은, 남의 도움이 없는 unalterable: 바꿀 수 없는, 변경할 unassuming: 겸손한, 주제넘지 않은 unawares: 뜻밖에, 알지 못하고, 불시에, 모르는 사이에, 모르고, 무심히, 부지중에 unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지 않는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치 못한 unbelieving: 믿으려 하지 않는, 안 믿는, 회의적인, 신앙 없는 unbending: 구부러지지 않는, 완고한, 고집센, 휘지않는 마음을 편하게 함, 확고 부동한, 꿋꿋한, 굽지않는, 굳센 unbounded: 무한의, 한정되지 않은,

억제할 수 없는 unbroken: 파손되지 않은, 길들여 지지 않은, 중단되지 않은, 완전한, 미개간의, 꺽이지 않은, 꺾이지 않은, 중단되지 않는, 손상되지 않은, 깨어지지 않은, 경작되지 않은 uncase: 알리다, 보이다, 통에서 꺼내다, 상자에서 꺼내다, 밝히다, 발표하다, 펼치다, 곽에서 꺼내다 unceasing: 끊임 없는, 끊임없는 uncertain: 불확실한, 일정치 않은, 흔들거리는, 믿을 수 없는, 분명치 않은, 의심스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 확신이 없는, 확정되지 않은 uncertainty: 불명, 불안정, 미덥지 않은 일, 반신반의, 의문, 불확정, 부정, 불확실한 일, 불확실, 불확실한 것, 불확실성 unchain: 사슬을 푼다, 석방하다, 자유를 주다, 사슬에서 풀어주다 unchangeable: 변하지 않는, 불변의 unchangeableness: 안정됨, 일정불변 unchangeably: 일정하게, 변함없이, 안정되게 unchanged: 변하지 않은, 변화하지 않은 unclean: 더러운, 부정한, 불결한, 사악한 외설한, 맹졸하지 못한, 순결하지 못한, 먹지 못하게 금지된, 명확하지 못한 uncleanness: 불결 unconscious: 무의식의, 깨닫지 못하는, 모르는 무의식, 의식을 갖지 않은, 자기도 모르게 나온, 정신을 잃은, 자각을 갖지 않은, 무의식, 의식을 잃은, 모르는, 지각을 갖지 않은 unconsciously: 모르게, 무의식적으로, 부지중에 uncorrupted: 부패하지 않은, 타락하지 않은 uncorruptible: 매수하기 어려운, 부패하지 않는, 타락시키기 어려운, 부패하지않는 uncultivated: 교양없는조야한, 미개간의, 닦지 않은, 미개의, 갈지 않은 undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다 understood: 이해된, 양해된, 이해한 undertake: 약속하다, 떠맡다, 보증하다, 인수인, 인수하다, 기도하다, 청부인, 장의사, 맡다, 싸우다, 장례식을 떠맡다 undisturbed: 평온한, 방해되지 않는, 방해받지 않은 undo: 풀다 끄르다, 원 상태로 돌리다, 실행 취소, 끄르다, 원상태로 돌리다, 타락시키다, 영락시키다,

311 여자의 정조를 빼앗다, 풀리다, 동요시키다, 혼란시키다 unemployed: 실직한, 일이 없는, 한가한, 실업자, 이용안 하는, 활용안 하는 unexpected: 뜻하지 않은, 뜻밖의, 예기치 않은 unexpectedly: 뜻밖에, 돌연, 예상외로, 갑자기 unfailing: 신뢰할 수 있는, 틀림이 없는, 끊임 없는, 다함 없는, 절대 확실한 unfailingly: 꼭, 틀림없이, 확실히 unfair: 부정한, 불공평한, 공명 정대하지 못한 unfeigned: 거짓 없는, 거짓없는 unfledged: 깃털이 다 나지 않은, 젖비린애 나는, 덜 발달한 미숙한 unformed: 미발달의, 정형이 없는, 아직 꼴을 이루지 않은, 아직 형제를 이루지 않은, 형성되지 않은, 미숙한 unfriendly: 우정이 없는, 불친절한, 형편이 좋지 않은, 해로운, 비우호적으로, 적 ungodliness: 사악, 지독, 격렬 ungodly: 신앙심 없는, 죄많은, 사악한, 추잡한, 심한, 불경스럽게 ungoverned: 지배 당하지 않은 unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도 unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참 unhappy: 불행한, 부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 계제 나쁜 unhealthiness: 불건전 unhesitatingly: 민활하게, 주저하지 않고, 우물쭈물하지 않고 unholy: 사악한, 신성치 않은, 무서운, 신성하지 않은, 신앙심 없는 unity: 단일, 조화, 통일, 일관성, 일치, 개체, 단결, 불변성, 효과적 배열, 일이라는 수, 일 universal: 보편적인, 우주의, 전칭의, 만능의, 만유의, 전칭명제, 널리행해지는, 전세계의, 만인의, 만능인, 모든 사람의 universally: 도처에, 보편적으로, 널리, 일반적으로, 예외 없이, 전칭적으로 universe: 우주, 만물, 전세계, 영역, 세계, 모집단, 다수, 만유 unjust: 부정한, 불공평한 unjustly: 불공평하게, 부정하게, 부당하게 unkindness: 불친절, 몰인정, 무정, 매정 unknowing: 모르는, 무지한, 알지 못하는 unknowingly: 모르고 unknown: 알려지지 않은, 미지수,

312

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

미지의, 미지의 인물, 불명의, 알 수 없는, 모르는, 미지 사물, 무명, 세상에 알려지지 않은 것, 세상에 알려지지 않은 사람 unlawful: 사생의, 불법의, 비합법의, 사생아의 unlearned: 에 숙달하지 못한, 무식한, 배우지 않은 unlicensed: 방종한, 면허없는 unlikeliness: 다름, 상이 unlikeness: 가망 없음, 다름, 닮지 않은 것, 있을 법하지 않음 unlimited: 끝없는, 무한한, 무제한의, 부정의, 제한 없는, 한없는 unlooked-for: 예기치 않은 unmarried: 미혼의 unmeasurable: 과도의, 극도의, 헤아릴수 없는 unmeasured: 무한한, 과도한, 잴 수 없는, 측정되지 않은, 과도의, 헤아릴 수 없는, 측정할 수 없는 unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌, 인도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한, 자연적인 인정에 배치되는, 자연적인 본성에 배치되는, 자연적인 천성에 배치되는, 꾸민 티가 나는 unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채이지 않은 unpleasantly: 불쾌하게, 불유쾌하게 unpunished: 처벌을 면한, 벌받지 않은, 처벌을 받지 않은 unquiet: 침착하지 못한, 들뜬, 불안한, 볼온한 unreal: 공상의, 실재 하지 않은, 실재하지 않는 unreasoning: 이성적으로 생각하지 않는, 사리에 맞지 않는 unresolved: 결심이 서지 않은, 미해결의, 불협화의, 결단을 못 내린 unrighteous: 사악한, 죄많은, 부정한, 공정하지 않은, 악인들, 옳지 않은 unruly: 무법한, 제어하기어려운, 휘어 잡을 수 없는 unsearchable: 신비한, 찾아낼수없는 unseemly: 꼴사나운, 꼴사납게, 보기흉한, 부적당한, 보기 흉한, 보기 흉하게, 부적당하게 unseen: 눈에 보이지 않는, 보이지않는, 본적이없는, 아직 본 일이 없는, 즉석의, 보이지 않는 것 unsettled: 변하기 쉬운, 할당되지 않은, 결정되지 않은, 동란의, 동요하는, 미결제의, 미정의, 미해결의, 불안정한, 일정치 않은, 정착 주민이 없는 unshaken: 동요하지않는, 확고한, 흔들리지 않는 unskilful: 서투른, 솜씨없는, 어줍은

unsought: 찾지않는, 구하지않는, 찾지 않는 unsound: 근거가박약한, 깊이 안 든, 건전하지않은, 얕은, 상한, 견고하지 못한, 건전하지 못한, 근거가 박약한 unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한, 언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운, 말하기 싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은 unstable: 불안정한, 변하기쉬운, 분해하기쉬운, 마음이 변하기 쉬운, 분해하기 쉬운 unsure: 불안정한, 불확실한, 자신이 없는, 확신이 없는, 믿을 수 없는, 신용할 수 없는 untainted: 오점이 없는, 때묻지 않은 unteach: 잊게 하다, 의 잘못을 알게 하다, 의 기만성을 알려주다, 반대되는 일을 가르치다, 믿지 않게 하다 unteachable: 말을 잘 듣지 않는, 가르치기 어려운 unthankful: 감사하지 않은, 고맙게 여기지 않는, 고맙지 않은, 반갑잖은, 감사하지 않는 unthought: 과거분사, 뜻밖의 unto: 까지, 에, 에게로 untruth: 허위, 진실이 아님, 말, 부실, 거짓 unused: 익숙하지 않은, 쓰지 않는, 사용한 적이 없는, 사용하지 않은 unusual: 유별난, 보통이 아닌, 진기한, 별난, 비범한 unutterable: 발음할 수 없는, 말도 안되는, 이루 말할 수 없는, 말로 표현할 수 없는, 철저한 unutterably: 말도 안되게, 철저하게 unwearied: 지치지 않은, 끈덕진, 불굴의 unwholesome: 불건전한, 유해한, 건강에 좋지 않는, 건강에 나쁜, 몸에 나쁜, 병적인 unwilling: 마음 내키지 않은, 바라지 않는, 마음 내키지 않는, 반항적인 unwonted: 보통이 아닌, 드문, 익숙하지 않은, 이상한, 에 익숙하지 않은 unworthy: 의 가치 없는, 가치없는, 부끄러운, 비열한, 가치 없는, 변변치 못한 사람, 알맞지 않은 unyielding: 굴하지않는, 굽지 않는, 단단한, 단호한, 완고한, 유연성이 없는, 탄력성이 없는 upborne: 들어 올려진, 받쳐진 upbraid: 꾸짖다, 비난하다, 책하다, 비판하다, 신랄하게 비난하다, 신랄하게 비판하다, 신랄하게 힐책하다, 에게 구역질나게 하다, 을 비난하는 결과를 가져오다 uphold: 받치다, 시인하다, 확인하다,

후원하다, 고무하다, 단언하다, 들어 올리다, 유지하다, 지지하다 upright: 올바른, 똑바로, 골포스트, 곧게선, 곧은, 곧추 서서, 수직, 정직한, 직립, 곧은 물건, 똑바로 선 uprightness: 수직 상태, 똑바름 uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란 upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로 upwards: 향상 지향의, 에서 위쪽으로, 위로 향하여, 이상 urge: 몰아대다, 충동, 주장하다, 자극, 좨치다, 강요하다, 격려하다, 권고하다, 재촉하다, 자극하다, 충동을 받다 urgently: 다급하여, 억지로, 긴급하게 usage: 취급법, 관용법, 관습, 어법, 사용법, 관용, 취급, 습관, 용법 usefully: 유용하게 usury: 고리 대금업, 고리, 고리 대금, 고리 대금 업, 엄청나게 비싼 이자 utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진, 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것 utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다 utterance: 말, 말씨, 발성, 발언, 발음, 말로 나타내다, 소리, 말함, 어조, 언설, 입 밖에 냄 utterly: 아주, 완전히, 완전한, 전혀, 순전히 vacation: 휴가를 보내다, 휴가, 휴정기, 휴일, 휴가를 얻다, 정기 휴가, 명도, 궐위 기간, 공석 기간 vagrant: 방랑하는, 변하기 쉬운, 부랑자, 방랑성의, 변덕스러운, 방랑의, 유랑하는, 방랑자 vail: 떨어뜨리다, 모자를 벗다, 벗다, 내리다, 머리를 숙이다, 숙이다 vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는 vainglorious: 허영심이 강한, 자만심에서 오는, 자만심이 강한, 자부심 강한, 허영심을 나타내는 vainly: 헛되이, 자만하여, 공연히, 자랑하여, 뽐내어, 자만심에 부풀어, 헛되어 valiant: 용감한, 훌륭한, 용맹스런 valuable: 귀중한, 값비싼, 귀중품, 평가할수 있는, 가치 있는, 금전적 가치가 있는, 가치를 평가할 수 있는 valued: 존중되는, 평가된, 가치를 가진, 의 가치를 가진 vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영,

Augustine 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것, 휴대용 화장품 상자 variable: 변하기 쉬운, 변할 수 있는, 번이하는, 변수, 변풍, 변하기 쉬운 물건, 변화하는 것, 변하기 쉬운 것, 변하게 할 수 있는, 대체로 양호하나 이따금 나빠지는, 변광하는 variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편차, 소장과 진술과의 상위 variation: 변화, 변주곡, 변화량, 변동, 변이, 변화물, 어미 변화 varied: 변화있는, 가지가지의, 변한, 여러 가지의, 변화 있는, 변화 많은 varieties: 각종 variously: 여러 가지이름으로, 여러방면으로, 가지가지로, 가지각색으로, 형형색색으로, 여러 가지로 vary: 바꾸다, 다르다, 변하다, 다양하게 하다, 가지각색이다, 수정하다, 변주하다, 변곡 하다, 변이 하다, 변주 하다, 달라지다 varying: 변화하는, 바뀌는 vaunt: 자랑, 자랑하다 vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬함, 격정 vehement: 열렬한, 격렬한, 열정적인 veil: 베일, 감추다, 가리개, 구실, 너울, 덮어 가리는 물건, 막, 싸다, 베일을 걸치다, 덮개, 연구개 veiled: 분명치 않은, 가면을 쓴, 감추어진, 베일로 덮인, 숨겨진 vein: 기질, 정맥, 시맥, 광맥, 혈관, 특질, 엽맥, 성격, 맥을내다, 돌결, 나뭇결 venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭엄한, 오래된 vengeance: 복수, 극단으로, 철저하게, 원수 갚기, 원수갚기 vent: 환기용 작은 창, 항문, 터진 구멍, 터뜨리다, 에 구멍을 내다, 손구멍, 빠지는 구멍, 배출구를 찾아내다, 배출구, 바람 구멍, 나갈 구멍을 터주다 venture: 투기, 모험, 되는 대로, 결행하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고하다, 걸다, 위험을 무릅쓰고 해보다, 용기를 내어 발표하다, 위험에 직면케 하다, 용기를 내어 가다, 건 물건 venus: 금성, 비너스, 절세의 미인, 비너스 여신의 그림, 비너스 여신의 상, 비이너스 verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로 verity: 진리, 진실, 진실한 진술, 진실성, 진실의 진술 verse: 절, 시, 시형, 시의 한 행, 귀절,

시가, 시를 짓다, 운문, 시의 절, 시로 짓다, 시로 표현하다 vessel: 배, 도관, 용기, 비행선, 그릇, 맥관, 관, 사람 vestige: 흔적, 발자취, 퇴화 기관, 극히 조금, 발자국, 아주 조금, 자취, 흔적 기관 vex: 성나게 하다, 짜증나게하다, 을 분해하다, 뒤흔들리게 하다, 동요시키다, 괴롭히다, 초조하게 하다, 격랑이 일게 하다 vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는 vice: 악습, 육체적 결함, 나쁜 버릇, 사악, 결점, 부도덕, 바이스, 대리로서, 악, 악덕, 병 vicissitude: 변화, 변천, 성쇠, 흥망, 규칙적 변화, 영고 성쇠 victim: 희생, 피해자, 밥, 봉, 산 재물, 희생자 victorious: 승리의, 승리를 가져오는, 이긴, 승리를 거둔, 전승자의, 승리를 나타내는, 이겨서 의기양양한, 전승의 viewing: 텔레비전 프로, 텔레비전 보기, 바라보기, 조망, 보기 vigorous: 정력적인, 원기가 있는, 활기에 찬, 힘찬, 기운찬, 원기 왕성한, 잘 자라는, 활기 있는 vigour: 정력, 활기, 힘, 구속력 vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한 villa: 별장, 교외 주택, 장원, 별장식 집 vineyard: 포도밭, 포도원, 활동 범위, 일터 vintage: 포도 수확량, 포도 수확, 생산품, 수확, 거기서 나는 포도주, 기운나게 하는 것, 포도 수확기, 판매용 제품, 풍작의 해의 포도주, 포도주 파티, 포도주 용제 violent: 난폭한, 맹렬한, 격심한, 지독한, 폭력에 의한, 횡사, 과격한, 심한, 격정에 의한, 격렬한 viper: 독사 같은 놈, 살무사, 독사, 북살무사, 독사 같은 사람 virgin: 처녀의, 처녀다운, 신선한, 처녀, 순결한, 미혼녀, 동정인사람, 아직 사용되지않는, 처녀인, 처음의, 경험이 없는 virginity: 처녀임, 순결, 처녀성, 처녀동정임 virtue: 미덕, 정조, 장점, 가치, 고결, 효력, 미점, 도덕적 우수성, 선량, 덕, 효능 virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는,

313 고결한 체하는 visible: 눈에 보이는, 명백한, 면회할 수 있는, 눈에 보이는 것, 방문자를 면회할 수 있는, 빈번하게 뉴스에 나오는, 곧 쓸 수 있는, 시각적으로 표시된 vision: 시력, 환상, 시각, 상상력, 환영, 허깨비, 광경, 아름다운 사람, 예언력, 유령, 봄 vivid: 생생한, 선명한, 똑똑한, 산뜻한, 발랄한, 뜻한, 밝은 vocal: 유성음의, 목소리의, 목소리를 내는, 성악의, 음성의, 목소리, 소리나는, 속삭이는, 구두의, 보컬, 유성음 vocally: 소리를 내어, 목소리로, 말로, 구두로 void: 무효의, 빈, 공간, 배설하다, 무효로 하다, 공허, 빈곳, 비어 있는, 무익한, 공허한, 취소하다 voluntarily: 자유의사로, 자발적으로, 임의로, 자원해서 voluptuous: 일락에 빠지는, 관능에 호소하는, 오관의 즐거움을 찾는, 관능적인, 육욕을 자극하는, 육감적인, 기분 좋은, 육욕에 빠지는 vouchsafe: 주다, 내리다, 해 주시다, 허용하다, 허락하다 vow: 맹세, 단언하다, 서원, 맹세하다, 서약, 할 것을 맹세하다, 약속하다, 서약하다, 맹세의 내용, 기원, 맹세의 행위 voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기 vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인, 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한, 평민, 일반대중의 waft: 부동, 한바탕 불기, 풍김, 떠돌게 하다, 부동시키다, 씨실, 신호 기, 흔들림, 피륙, 풍기는 향기, 한 번 일기 wages: 임금, 죄값 wail: 울부짖다, 비탄하다, 울부짖는 소리, 처량하게 울리는 소리, 구슬픈 소리를 내다, 비탄, 한탄하다, 울부짖듯 윙윙대는 소리 waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상 wallow: 빠지다, 뒹굴다, 허위적거리다, 탐닉하다, 뒹굶, 돈이 주체 못할 만큼 많다, 수렁, 뒹굴기, 삐거덕거리며 나아가다, 흔들리면서 나아가다 wander: 헤매다, 옆길로 벗어나다, 헛소리하다, 오락가락하다, 두서없이 되다, 길을 잘못 들다, 걸어 돌아다니다, 꾸불꾸불 흐르다, 꾸불꾸불 이어지다, 종잡을 수 없게 되다, 거닐다

314

The Confessions of Saint Augustine

wanderer: 돌아다니는 사람, 방랑자, 헤매는 사람 wandering: 만유, 헛소리, 헤매는, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷기, 옆길로새는, 두서없는, 방랑, 산책, 꾸불꾸불한, 돌아다니는, 방랑하여 wanting: 모자라는, 부족한, 지혜가 모자라는, 이 없이 wanton: 장난치다, 까불다, 바람둥이, 뛰어 돌아다니다, 우거지다, 음탕한, 우거진, 악의 있는, 분방한, 변덕스러운, 바람난 wantonly: 변덕스럽게, 장난치며, 제멋대로, 방자하게 wantonness: 방종함, 제멋대로임 warfare: 전쟁, 교전, 전쟁 행위, 투쟁, 교전 상태, 싸움, 전투 warmth: 따뜻함, 흥분, 열심, 화, 온정, 온기, 격렬함, 온난, 따뜻한 느낌, 동정, 격앙 warning: 경고, 예고, 통지, 훈계, 전조, 경고의, 경보, 훈계의 warring: 서로 싸우는, 양립하지 않는, 적대하는, 투쟁하는, 전쟁 수행 wash: 도금하다, 씻다, 세광하다, 세제, 세탁, 습지, 화장수, 믿을 만하다, 그 소리, 씻어 정하게 하다, 쓸어 넣다 washing: 세탁물, 씻겨 나온것, 빨래물, 빨래, 세탁, 세탁용의, 세광하여 채취한 사금, 씻음, 엷은 피복, 물 wasted: 황폐한, 살해된, 지나간 wasting: 소모성의, 황폐하게 하는, 낭비 watchfully: 주의깊게, 조심스럽게 watered: 물을 탄, 물결 무늬가 있는, 관개된, 불입금 없이 발행한, 물을 뿌린, 물을 댄 watery: 물의, 엷은, 약한, 수중의, 비올듯한, 묽은, 물이많은, 맥빠진, 눈물어린, 비가 올 듯한, 싱거운 waver: 흔들리다, 비틀거리다, 망설임, 반짝이다, 망설이다, 흔드는 사람, 동요하다, 동요, 머뭇거림, 흔들거리기 시작하다, 펄럭이다 wavering: 떨리는, 흔들리는 waves: 미해군 여자 예비부대 wavy: 파도치는, 파장의, 파도 많은, 물결이 일고 있는, 굽이치는, 요동하는, 떨리는 wax: 밀랍, 납, 증대하다, 밀로 만든, 밀의, 밀로 닦다, 밀을 바르다, 밀을 입히다, 격분, 차차 커지다, 불끈하기 wayfaring: 여행, 도보 여행, 여행을 하는 wayward: 변덕스러운, 고집 센, 제멋대로 하는, 일정하지 않은, 정도에서 벗어난, 말을 안 듣는,

외고집의, 제 마음대로의, 흔들리는 weak: 약변화의, 묽은, 약한, 힘없는, 어리석은, 약세인, 악센트 없는, 내림세인, 약점 있는, 악센트가 없는, 불충분한 weaken: 약해지다, 결단성이 없어지다, 묽게 하다, 우유 부단하게 되다, 약하게 하다, 약화시키다, 꺾이다, 굴복하다, 흔들거리다 weakly: 약한, 병약한 약하게, 허약한, 갸날프게, 우유부단하게, 약하게, 물기 많게, 무기력하게, 가냘프게, 묽게, 병약한 weakness: 우둔, 불충분, 결점, 약함, 우유부단, 약점, 저능, 유약, 박약, 마음이 약함, 나약 weal: 행복, 복리, 채찍맞아 지렁이처럼 부르튼 곳, 국가, 길게 부르튼 자리, 발진, 번영, 부, 부어오름, 안녕, 에 부르튼 자리를 내다 wealth: 재산, 부, 풍부, 재화, 자본, 부유, 행복 wealthy: 부유한, 풍부한, 유복한, 부자인, 많은, 넉넉한 weapon: 무기, 병기, 흉기, 공격의 수단, 무장하다 wearied: 피곤한 weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로 wearing: 입을 수 있는, 지치게 하는, 입도록 지어진, 착용하도록 만들어진, 닳게 하는, 닳은, 닳는 wearisome: 지치게 하는, 피곤하게 하는, 따분하게 하는, 지루한 weary: 지치다, 지치게 하다, 지치게 하는, 싫어진, 넌더리나는, 동경하다, 싫증나다, 지루하게 하다, 지루해지다, 피로한, 싫증나게 하다 wedlock: 결혼, 결혼 생활 weep: 울다, 흘리다, 눈물을 흘리다, 슬퍼하다, 스며 나오게 하다, 물방울이 듣다, 비탄하다, 스며내다, 에 눈물을 흘리다, 물기를 내뿜다, 가지를 축 늘어뜨리다 weeping: 드리우는, 가지가 휘늘어진, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울 흘리는, 눈물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어 나오는, 스며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 울음 weigh: 무거운 짐이 되다, 무게를 달다, 닻을 올리다, 울리다, 말을 음미하다, 몸무게를 달다, 손으로 무게를 헤아리다, 숙고하다, 압박하다, 잘 생각하다, 존중되다 weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 세력 있는, 무게있는

well-being: 안녕, 평안, 복리 well-doing: 선행 well-done: 잘 한, 잘 구워진, 잘 익은, 충분히 요리된, 잘 된 well-formed: 모양이 좋은, 적격의 well-grounded: 기본 훈련을 받은, 기초 훈련을 받은, 기초 교육을 받은 well-known: 친한, 유명한, 잘 알려진 well-nigh: 거의 well-ordered: 질서가 잡힌 wert: 직설법 및 가정법 과거 whatsoever: 일은 무엇이든지, 도대체 무엇이, 것은 무엇이든지 wheat: 밀 wheel: 방향을 바꾸다, 선회시키다, 자전거를 타다, 움직이다, 녹로로 만들다, 핸들, 바퀴, 수레바퀴, 자전거, 세력가, 선회하다 whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터 whencesoever: 어디서든지 whenever: 할 때에는 언제든지, 할때는 언제나, 도대체 언제 whereat: 그래서, 왜, 무엇때문에, 그러자, 무엇에 대하여, 한 바의, 하는 바의 whereby: 어떻게, 그에 의하여, 하는, 무엇에 의하여 wherefore: 이유, 어째서, 그러므로, 왜, 무슨 이유로, 까닭, 그런 이유로 wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로 whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의 whereon: 그 위에, 무엇 위에 whereto: 그것에, 그곳으로, 무슨 목적으로, 무엇에, 어디로, 어째서 whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에 wherever: 대체 어디에, 어디에 든지, 어디로 든지, 대체 어디로, 대체 어디에서, 어디든지 wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것으로, 그것을 가지고 whirlpool: 소용돌이, 혼란 whit: 조금, 미소, 성령 강림 대축일 whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 가는 곳 whithersoever: 하는 곳은 어디든지 whoever: 하는 사람은 누구든, 도대체 누가, 누구나, 도대체 누구를 wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한 wholesomely: 건전하게 wholly: 완전히, 아주, 오로지,

Augustine 전적으로, 어구와함께 whosoever: 누구나, 도대체 누가, 도대체 누구를 wicked: 심술궂은, 사악한, 나쁜, 버릇이 나쁜, 위험한, 장난이 심한, 불쾌한, 장난기 있는, 우수한 wickedly: 불쾌하게, 사악하게, 나쁘게 wickedness: 사악함, 심술궂음, 사악 widow: 미망인, 과부, 과부로 만들다, 아내를여윈, 돌리고 남은 패, 빼앗다, 샴페인 술, 과부가 되게 하다 wilderness: 황야, 끝없이 넓음, 사람이 살지 않는 땅, 일부러 손질 않고 내버려둔 곳, 막대한 수량, 광막한 곳, 막대한 수, 미국 비르드지니아 주 북동부의 산림 지대 wildness: 황야, 야생, 방탕, 황폐 willed: 의 의지가 있는 willing: 기꺼이 ...하는, 자진해서 하는, 마침 잘된, 자발적인 willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히 wilt: 이울다, 시들다, 청고병, 풀이 죽다, 이울게 하다, 장승병, 약하게 하다 winding: 구부러짐, 굴곡하는, 굴곡, 감아 올림, 감아 들임, 둘러 말하는, 감은 것, 부정한 행동, 우여 곡절, 감음, 감는 법 windy: 바람이 센, 공허한, 수다스러운, 깜짝 놀란, 가스가 차는, 바람 불어오는 쪽의, 입만의, 말만의 wings: 공군 기장 winning: 승리, 상금, 결승의, 성공, 매력적인, 이긴, 횐득, 사람 마음을 사로잡는, 사람 마음을 끄는, 승리를 얻게 하는 wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐 wisdom: 학문, 지혜, 현명, 지식, 분별 현인, 금언, 명언, 현인 wise: 방법, 알리다, 현명한, 정도, 영리해 보이는, 분별있는, 슬기로운, 슬기롭다, 양식, 학문이 있는, 알고 있는 wisely: 현명하게 wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는 사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지 withal: 게다가, 또한, 으로써, 그위에, 을 가지고 있는, 을 나타내어, 을 사용하여, 을 상대로, 을 합쳐서, 의 몸에 지니고, 의 일원으로서 withdraw: 회수하다, 취소하다, 움츠리다, 움츠러들다, 물러나다, 철수하다, 철회하다, 물러서다, 탈퇴하다, 취하하다, 사용을 끊다 withdrawn: 인적이 드문, 내성적인,

빼는 wither: 쇠퇴시키다, 시들다, 움츠러들게 하다, 이울다, 식다, 이울게하다, 위축시키다, 약해지다, 손상하다, 시들게 하다 withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운 withering: 시들게 하는, 위축시키는 witness: 목격하다, 증거, 증언하다, 목격자, 증인, 서명하다, 증언, 에 입회하다, 증거가 되다, 증거물, 증명하다 witting: 알고 있는, 고의로, 알면서, 알면서 하는 wittingly: 고의로, 의식하고 wives: 부인들 wizard: 굉장한, 마술사, 천재, 천재적인, 귀재, 마법사, 성현, 마법의, 놀라운 재능를 가진 사람, 놀라운 솜씨를 가진 사람, 놀라운 woe: 비애, 재난, 고뇌, 아아, 슬프도다, 고생, 불행 woke: 과거분사 womanish: 여성 특유의, 여자 같은, 여자다운 womb: 자궁, 사물이 발생하는 곳, 사물이 성장 하는 곳 wonderfully: 이상하게, 훌륭하게, 이상하게도 wondering: 이상한 듯한 wondrous: 놀라운, 놀랄만큼, 이상한, 놀랄 만한, 놀랄 만큼 wondrously: 불가사의하게, 놀랄만하게 wont: 습관, 버릇처럼 된, 풍습, 늘...하는, 에 익숙한 wonted: 버릇처럼 된, 예의, 익숙한 wooden: 나무의, 얼빠진, 나무로 만든, 무뚝뚝한, 멍청한, 활기 없는, 융통성 없는 wordy: 말의, 장황한, 말이 많은, 말 많은, 말로의 workhouse: 소년원, 취역소, 감화원, 구빈원 workmanship: 솜씨, 완성된 품, 세공, 기량, 세공품 worldly: 세속적인, 이 세상의, 세상의 worm: 벌레, 교묘히 환심을 사다, 기듯 나아가다, 벌레처럼 기다, 캐내다, 서서히 나아가게 하다, 벌레 같은 모양, 기생충병, 벌레 같은 인간, 금이 가다, 교묘히 빌붙다 worn: 녹초가 된, 낡아 빠진, 닳아빠진 worship: 예배, 숭배, 예배하다, 경모, 각하, 숭배하다, 참배, 명예, 예배식, 존경, 참배하다 worshipper: 숭배자, 예배자, 참배자 worsted: 소모사, 소모직물, 털실,

315 털실의, 털실로 만든, 소모사제의 worthless: 가치 없는, 아무짝에도 못 쓸 worthy: 훌륭한, 명사, 하기에 족한, 훌륭한 인물, 상당한, 가치있는, 사람, 가치 있는 would-be: 이 되려고 하는 wound: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 부상, 고통, 손해, 사랑의 상처, 상처, 상처내다, 부상하게 하다, 손상 wounded: 부상한, 상처입은, 부상자들 wrap: 싸다, 두르다, 가리다, 몸을 싸는 것, 어깨 두르개, 감싸다, 끝내다, 휩싸이다, 감기다, 감추다, 구속 wrath: 격노, 복수, 벌 wrench: 렌치, 비틀다, 비틀어 떼다, 비틂, 왜곡하다, 억지로 끌어댐, 삐다, 비틀기, 뒤틀리다, 비통함, 비통 wretch: 불운한 사람, 나쁜놈, 철면피, 놈, 가련한 사람 wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰 wretchedness: 야비, 불쾌, 연민 wring: 짜다, 꽉 쥐다, 비틀다, 짜기, 괴롭히다, 짜내다, 감다, 짬, 왜곡하다, 손을 꽉 쥠, 과즙 짜는 기계 wrinkle: 좋은 생각, 주름, 묘안, 주름지다, 주름잡다, 멋진 생각, 새 취향, 주름살지다 writ: 영장, 문서 writer: 쓰는 사람, 필자, 작가, 저자, 작문 자습서, 필기자, 사자기 wroth: 노하여, 사납게 날뛰는, 격노하여 wrought: 만든, 세공한, 가공한, 꾸민, 두들겨 만든 xi: 크사이, 영어의 x에 해당, 그리스어 알파벳의 14번째 글자 ye: 너희들, 호칭으로 사용, 이인칭 대명사의 복수형, 명령문에서 사용, 이인칭 대명사 yea: 그렇다, 실로, 참으로, 그렇지, 긍정, 예, 터무니 없이 높은, 찬성, 터무니 없이 큰, 손을 펼쳐 보이면서 이렇게 높은, 네 yield: 주다, 양도하다, 가져오다, 허락하다, 산출하다, 생산하다, 생기게 하다, 휘다, 따르다, 수확, 수율 yielding: 순종하는, 구부러지기 쉬운, 하라는대로, 생산적인, 고분고분한, 굽기 쉬운, 굽힐 수 있는, 감화를 받기 쉬운, 하라는 대로 하는, 영향을 받기 쉬운, 모양을 바꿀 수 있는 yoke: 멍에, 멜대, 어깨, 한쌍의 가축,

316 허리, 지배, 어울리다, 멍에문, 함께 일하다, 결합시키다, 이음목 yourselves: 당신 자신들 youthful: 젊은, 젊은이의, 젊음에 넘치는, 발랄한, 초기의, 유년기의, 기운찬, 젊은이에 알맞은, 청년 특유의, 이른 youthfulness: 젊음, 발랄함, 팔팔함 zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성 zealous: 열광적인, 열심인 zealously: 열렬하게, 열중하여

The Confessions of Saint Augustine