Introduction to Biotechnology: International Edition, 2 E, Question Bank

CHP13 1)Bt transgenic crops are designed to: A)Make crops cold resistant B)Provide resistance to insects C)Make crops heat resistant D)Improve nutritional value of crops E)Increase vitamin B content 2)In clinical trials, control groups of individuals who receive a safe but noneffective treatment instead of the drug being studied are being given: A)A double-blind trial B)Stem cells C)Efficacy D)A placebo E)None of these choices 3)Studies, such as clinical trials, that are completely randomized so that neither the physicians or the patients know who is receiving an experimental drug are called: A)Regenerative medicine B)Placebo studies C)Homeopathic medicine D)Double-blind trials E)None of these choices 4)Which of the following statements regarding the use of genetically modified foods in the United States is incorrect? A)Bt crops are not intended for human consumption B)Not all GM crops involve transgenic plants C)All GM foods for consumer use must be labeled as such D)DNA tests can be used to identify many GM plants E)All of these choices are correct 5)Cloning of an entire organism is known as: A)Genomics B)Regenerative medicine C)Gene cloning D)Therapeutic cloning E)Reproductive cloning 6)Cloning an embryo to derive stem cells for the treatment of disease is known as: A)Therapeutic cloning B)Genomics C)Regenerative medicine D)Gene cloning E)Reproductive cloning 7)A utilitarian approach to a bioethical issue would: A)Always ensure that all actions are favorable for all parties B)Focus on absolute principles of "right" or "wrong" C)Be designed to produce the greatest positive effect for the greatest number of people D)Emphasize intentions, not outcomes of the decision E)Never allow the end result of a decision to justify the means

CHP12 1)Which of the following regulatory agencies is charged with the regulation of plant pests and plants? A)IND B)USDA C)EPA D)USPTO E)FDA 2)Phase ________ trials occur when a drug is tested on small groups of healthy individuals to determine the proper dose and route of administration. A)I B)II C)III D)IV E)V 3)Phase ________ trials occur when a drug is tested on several thousand people to determine its effectiveness compared to current drugs on the market. A)I B)II C)III D)IV E)V 4)Which U.S. regulatory agency oversees guidelines and laws that govern environmental applications of biotechnology and other sciences? A)EPA B)USDA C)FDA D)NSF E)NIH 5)Which of the following U.S. agencies oversees phase testing of drugs prior to their approval for clinical uses? A)FDA B)USDA C)NSF D)EPA E)NIH 6)________ are quality control regulations that govern procedures for human subject experimentation. A)Quality assurance (QA) B)Preclinical testing C)Good manufacturing practices (GMPs) D)Good clinical practices (GCPs) E)Good laboratory practices (GLPs) 7)If you were developing a transgenic strain of pest-resistant watermelons, which federal agency would primarily be responsible for regulating this biotech product? A)DEP B)USDA C)EPA

D)FDA E)DOT 8)Which federal agency oversees, regulates, and monitors the safety of biotech and pharmaceutical products and medical devices during consumer use? A)Environmental Protection Agency B)National Science Foundation C)Food and Drug Administration D)U.S. Department of Agriculture E)National Institutes of Health 9)Following successful completion of a phase III trial for a particular drug, a biotechnology company would apply for a(an)________ to receive approval to sell the drug. A)DNA B)NDA C)Copyright D)Patent E)IND 10)The ________ is the federal agency that provides a majority of federal funding for medical research in the United States and oversees all federally funded medical research in the United States. A)Department of Environmental Protection B)Food and Drug Administration C)Environmental Protection Agency D)U.S. Department of Agriculture E)National Institutes of Health 11)An average time range necessary for completing phase testing of drugs during clinical trials is approximately: A)6 months to 1 year B)1 to 3 years C)2 to 4 years D)5 to 8 years E)8 to 12 years 12)A ________ provides an inventor with government-granted protection of an invention for a period of time, preventing others from using or making the invention without being licensed to do so. A)Licensing agreement B)Patent C)Royalty D)NDA E)Clinical trial 13)Phase ________ trials occur when a drug is tested on individuals with a disease to determine the effectiveness of a drug in treating a disease. A)I B)II C)III D)IV E)V

CHP 11 1)Which of the following is an example of in vivo gene therapy? A)Using retroviruses to deliver therapeutic genes directly into a patient B)Injecting stem cells into a patient C)Pharmacogenomics D)Using retroviruses to deliver therapeutic genes into cultured cells E)None of these choices 2)________ is the use of genes for treating human genetic disorders. A)Recombinant DNA technology B)Genetics C)Genomics D)Pharmacogenomics E)Gene therapy 3)What types of cells fuse together to form hybridomas for making monoclonal antibodies? A)Monoclonal antibodies and myeloma cells B)Liver cells and antibody-forming cells C)Myeloma cells and B cells D)Bacterial cells and T cells E)None of these choices 4)Which state passed Proposition 71, an initiative to use $3 billion in taxpayer's money to fund embryonic stem cell research? A)Massachusetts B)New York C)Wisconsin D)California E)New Jersey 5) Which of the following genetic testing techniques would be the best choice for detecting a chromosome translocation? A)RFLP analysis B)Microarray analysis C)ASO test D)FISH E)VNTR analysis 6)Which of the following techniques would be the best choice for screening a person's genetic profile for 1,000 or more genes? A)Microarray analysis B)VNTR analysis C)ASO test D)FISH E)RFLP analysis 7)Which of the following is the source of embryonic stem cells? A)Inner cell mass B)Trophoblast C)Spermatozoa D)Enucleated egg cells E)Blastocoel

8)The first human genetic disease to be successfully treated by gene therapy was: A)Albinism B)Cystic fibrosis C)Chronic myelogenous leukemia D)Adenosine deaminase deficiency E)Sickle cell anemia 9)Which of the following genetic disorders is created by a translocation between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22? A)Chronic myelogenous leukemia B)Cystic fibrosis C)Adenosine deaminase deficiency D)Sickle cell anemia E)None of these choices 10)A limitation of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer is: A)Retroviruses integrate DNA randomly in the genome B)Retroviruses can only be used to make transgenic plants C)Retroviruses only work with Ti vectors D)Retroviruses only integrate DNA at specific sites E)Retroviruses cannot be used to make transgenic animals 11)Which of the following techniques would be used to prepare a fetal karyotype to detect trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)? A)STR analysis B)RFLP analysis C)Chorionic villus sampling D)Microarray analysis E)ASO test 12)All of the following phrases about embryonic stem cells are true except: A)Self-renewing B)Can differentiate into all body cells C)Derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst D)Pluripotent E)Are present in all adult tissues 13)All of the following statements about telomeres and telomerase are true except: A)Telomerase minimizes telomere shortening B)Telomerase activity is high in adult cells C)Telomeres shorten as cells age (senescence) D)Telomerase activity is high in embryonic stem cells E)None of these choices 14)Transplanting a tissue or organ from one species into another species is known as: A)Autotransplantation B)Transgenesis C)Regenerative medicine D)Transformation E)Xenotransplantation 15)Which of the following best describes RNAi techniques for gene silencing? A)siRNAs inhibit transcription of a gene

B)siRNAs inhibit mRNA splicing C)siRNAs block DNA replication D)siRNAs trigger degradation of mRNAs to prevent their translation E)siRNAs prevents transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm 16)This form of gene therapy involves direct injection of DNA into cells within the body. A)Liposome mediated B)In vivo C)In situ hybridization D)Ex vivo E)In vitro 17)Cystic fibrosis is caused by a gene encoding a protein involved in ________. A)Chloride transport B)Metabolism of adenosine triphosphate C)Oxygen transport in blood cells D)Regulating cell cycle control E)None of these choices 18)Mutation of the adenosine deaminase gene is the cause of this genetic disease. A)Severe combined immunodeficiency B)Albinism C)Cystic fibrosis D)Down syndrome E)Acquired immune deficiency 19)Small, hollow membrane vesicles used to deliver therapeutic genes for gene therapy are called: A)Biocapsules B)Gold particles C)Liposomes D)Retroviruses E)None of these choices 20)When making monoclonal antibodies, which of the following is a blood cell tumor type that is fused to B lymphocytes? A)Hybridoma B)Myeloma C)Protoplast D)ES cell E)Myostatin

CHP 10 1)Known for their great strength and adhesive properties, components of byssal fibers produced by ________ are being studying for a variety of applications from medical sutures to adhesives. A)Crassotrea virginica B)Pfiesteria piscicida C)Vibrio cholera D)Conus magus E)Mytilus edulis

2)Polyploid organisms: A)Have different numbers of each chromosome B)Are created from ES cells C)Are transgenic D)Are knockout organisms E)Have extra complete sets of chromosomes 3)The gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP), a commonly used reporter gene, was cloned from: A)Vibrio cholerae B)Aequorea victoria C)Sus domesticus D)Danio rerio E)Pfiesteria piscicida 4)Growing aquatic plants and finfish species together with shared water resources is an example of: ________. A)Polyploidy B)Polyculture C)Hydroponics D)Fish farming E)None of these choices 5)Known as the "cell from hell," this toxin-producing dinoflagellate is responsible for significant fish kills in the mid-Atlantic region. A)Mytilus edulis B)Vibrio cholera C)Crassotrea virginica D)Pfiesteria piscicida E)Conus magus 6)Which of the following is a pigment used to alter the color of salmon? A)Green fluorescent protein B)Auxin C)Hydroxyapatite D)AFP E)Astaxanthin 7)Transgenic salmon engineered to grow faster than nontransgenic strains contain extra copies of the ________ gene. A)AFP B)GFP C)Calcitonin D)GH E)HA 8)Marine cone snails, Conus magus, are the source of: A)Calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis B)Cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools C)Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever D)Growth hormone used to treat dwarfism E)Hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis

9)Limulus polyphemus are the source of: A)Calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis B)Growth hormone used to treat dwarfism C)Hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis D)Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever E)Cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools 10)Marine ________ is/are a primary source of agar and agarose used in laboratories for making culture medias and gels. A)Kelp B)Mollusks C)Fish D)Cone snails E)Shrimp 11)Which of the following statements is incorrect about triploid species? A)Have three complete sets of chromosomes B)Are an example of a polyploidy organism C)Are usually infertile D)Have an extra copy of one chromosome E)All of these choices are correct 12)________ is the farming of a variety of shellfish, crustaceans, finfish, and algae. A)Aquaculture B)Tissue culture C)Protoplast culture D)Organ culture E)Mariculture

CHP 9 1)Which bacterium is capable of withstanding doses of radiation that are several times higher than human cells can tolerate? A)Staphylococcus aureus B)Deinococcus radiodurans C)Escherichia coli D)Saccharomyces cerevisiae E)Conus magus 2)Which is not an indigenous microbe used for bioremediation? A)Piscirikettsis salmonis B)E. coli C)Phanerochaete sordida D)Pseudomonas aeruginosa E)Deinococcus radiodurans 3)Ananda Chakrabarty received the first U.S. patent for a GM organism. This organism was: A)A transgenic mouse expressing the growth hormone gene B)Dolly the cloned sheep C)Cloned E. coli D)The GloFish E)Pseudomonas engineered to degrade petroleum

4)During which stage of wastewater treatment are methanogenic microbes most important? A)Primary treatment B)Sludge digestion C)Biological oxidation D)Secondary treatment E)Disinfection 5)Anaerobic bacteria often play important roles in bioremediation. Which of the following is not an electron acceptor used by anaerobes during biodegradation reactions? A)CO 2 B)NO 3C)Fe(III) D)H 2 O E)SO 4-2 6)Bioaugmentation is a process that involves: A)Using plants for bioremediation B)Bioventing C)Sludge removal D)Adding microbes to a cleanup site E)Ex situ bioremediation 7)Which bioremediation approach involves mixing contaminated soil with water, carbon dioxide, and fertilizers in a bioreactor to stimulate biodegradation? A)In situ hybridization B)Slurry-phase bioremediation C)Biopile treatment D)In situ bioremediation E)Composting 8)Which bioremediation approach involves using plants to degrade pollutants? A)Biopile B)Phytoremediation C)Composting D)Land farming E)None of these choices 9)During which stage of wastewater treatment is the primary effluent aerated to allow for biodegradation by aerobic microbes? A)Sedimentation B)Secondary treatment C)Sludge digestion D)Disinfection E)Primary treatment 10)Which cleanup approach involves removing groundwater or soil from its natural setting to allow for bioremediation? A)In situ bioremediation B)Ex situ bioremediation C)Bioaugmentation D)Phytoremediation E)None of these choices 11)Known for their great strength and adhesive properties, components of byssal fibers produced by ________ are being studying for a variety of applications from medical sutures to adhesives. A)Conus magus B)Pfiesteria piscicida

C)Vibrio cholera D)Mytilus edulis E)Crassotrea virginica 12)Known for their great strength and adhesive properties, components of byssal fibers produced by ________ are being studying for a variety of applications from medical sutures to adhesives. A)Crassotrea virginica B)Vibrio cholera C)Pfiesteria piscicida D)Mytilus edulis E)Conus magus 13)Polyploid organisms: A)Are transgenic B)Are knockout organisms C)Have different numbers of each chromosome D)Are created from ES cells E)Have extra complete sets of chromosomes 14)The gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP), a commonly used reporter gene, was cloned from: A)Vibrio cholerae B)Sus domesticus C)Danio rerio D)Aequorea victoria E)Pfiesteria piscicida 15)Growing aquatic plants and finfish species together with shared water resources is an example of: ________. A)Hydroponics B)Polyploidy C)Fish farming D)Polyculture E)None of these choices 16)Known as the "cell from hell," this toxin-producing dinoflagellate is responsible for significant fish kills in the mid-Atlantic region. A)Conus magus B)Vibrio cholera C)Pfiesteria piscicida D)Crassotrea virginica E)Mytilus edulis 17)Which of the following is a pigment used to alter the color of salmon? A)Auxin B)AFP C)Hydroxyapatite D)Astaxanthin E)Green fluorescent protein 18)Transgenic salmon engineered to grow faster than nontransgenic strains contain extra copies of the ________ gene. A)HA B)AFP

C)Calcitonin D)GH E)GFP 19)Marine cone snails, Conus magus, are the source of: A)Hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis B)Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever C)Calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis D)Growth hormone used to treat dwarfism E)Cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools 20)Limulus polyphemus are the source of: A)Calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis B)Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever C)Cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools D)Hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis E)Growth hormone used to treat dwarfism 21)Marine ________ is/are a primary source of agar and agarose used in laboratories for making culture medias and gels. A)Kelp B)Mollusks C)Fish D)Shrimp E)Cone snails 22)Which of the following statements is incorrect about triploid species? A)Are an example of a polyploidy organism B)Are usually infertile C)Have an extra copy of one chromosome D)Have three complete sets of chromosomes E)All of these choices are correct 23)________ is the farming of a variety of shellfish, crustaceans, finfish, and algae. A)Organ culture B)Mariculture C)Protoplast culture D)Tissue culture E)Aquaculture

CHP 8 1)Which scientist is credited with the first example of using DNA fingerprinting evidence to solve a crime? A)Francis Crick B)Barry Sheck C)Alex Jefferies D)Kary Mullis E)Colin Pitchfork 2)The physical location of a gene on a chromosome is a gene's ________. A)Allele

B)Telomere C)Locus D)Genome E)None of these choices 3)________ are tandemly repeated sequences of DNA also called short tandem repeats. A)VNTRs B)Microsatellites C)Telomeres D)Centromeres E)Minisatellites 4)Variations in restriction enzyme cutting patterns of DNA from different individuals are called: A)VNTRs B)RFLPs C)Microsatellites D)Minisatellites E)STRs 5)Which of the following techniques is most commonly used to separate DNA molecules by size? A)Chromatography B)PCR C)RFLP D)DNA sequencing E)Gel electrophoresis 6)The Innocence Project is an effort to use DNA evidence: A)To study familial inheritance B)To convict the accused C)To exonerate convicted individuals D)For paternity testing E)For the identification of remains 7)DNA is present in all of the following human cell types except: A)Hair B) Erythrocytes (mature red blood cells) C)Leukocytes (white blood cells) D) Skin cells E)Buccal (cheek) cells 8)Single-stranded DNA molecules that can bind to and be used to detect other DNA molecules are called: A)Primers B)STRs C)RFLPs D)LINES E)Probes 9)VNTR analysis involves: A)Analyzing specific loci for 2 base repeating units usually less than 100 bp in size B)Analyzing specific loci for 2 to 4 bp repeating units C)PCR amplification of specific genes D)Cutting DNA with restriction enzyme and analyzing the banding pattern of fragments E)None of these choices

10)Which of the following cell type would not be suitable for DNA fingerprinting? A)Hair B)Buccal (cheek) cells C)Erythrocytes (mature red blood cells) D)Skin cells E)Leukocytes (white blood cells) 11)The DNA profiling database maintained by the FBI is called: A)GenBank B)APHIS C)The Human Genome Project D)CODIS E)Innocence Project 12)The source of most mitochondrial DNA an organism inherits is: A)The nucleus of the sperm B)The cytoplasm of the sperm C)The nucleus of the egg D)The cytoplasm of the egg E)None of these choices